OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Sherman Block

Sherman Block (July 19, 1924 – October 28, 1998) was the 29th Sheriff of Los Angeles County, California from January 1982 until his death. He was preceded by Peter Pitchess and succeeded by Lee Baca.

## Biography

Block was born to a Jewish family and grew up in Chicago. He was the grandson of Jewish immigrants from Eastern Europe. His grandfather had been a chazzan in Vilna. Block was raised in an Orthodox Jewish home. He served in the United States Army for 31⁄2 years during World War II in Europe and the Pacific. During the war, Block's father and uncle had purchased a deli, where he worked after the war before establishing his own business, Block's Kosher Kitchen, on Chicago's South Side. Although initially successful, he expanded it too fast and was ultimately forced to close it. Block then moved west. He studied at Washington University in St. Louis, where he majored in engineering, before he moved to Los Angeles. He was at first employed as a counterman at a kosher deli there. In 1956, Block joined the Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department as a deputy sheriff, becoming the first deputy in the department to work his way through every rank to the top.
In 1962, Block arrested comedian Lenny Bruce for obscenity, namely using the term "schmuck" during a comedy routine. Block had been sent to one of Bruce's performances by his superiors because he spoke Yiddish and thus could follow Bruce's act, which was peppered with the language.
During his tenure he became the highest paid elected official in the United States.
In the Live Action Video for Kids/Real Wheels video, "There Goes A Police Car", Block appeared at the end of the video to tell the viewers the purposes of police officers and deputy sheriffs. He also encouraged the viewers to visit a police or sheriff's station and practice using the 911 system for emergencies.
He was held liable for indemnifications by the Los Angeles County Board of Supervisors in a civil rights class action 42 USC §1983 for punitive damages and the violation of constitutional rights.
He died during his campaign for re-election, which he was expected to win. He still obtained about one third of the vote, as Lee Baca's opponents wanted the County Supervisors to appoint his successor. Block's death broke the tradition of the incumbent Sheriff selecting his successor.
The Sherman Block Supervisory Leadership Institute (SBSLI) was created in 1988. This is a program designed to stimulate personal growth and leadership, and ethical decision-making in California law enforcement front-line supervisors. California Law Enforcement Officers who hold the rank of Sergeant are the individuals who get to attend this program.
His cousin was movie producer Berle Adams.
# Bob Raudman

Robert Joyce "Shorty" Raudman (March 14, 1942 – December 17, 2020) was an American professional baseball player, an outfielder whose eight-season (1961–68) career included 16 games played in Major League Baseball, divided between the 1966 and 1967 Chicago Cubs.
Listed at 5 feet 9 inches (1.75 m) tall and 185 pounds (84 kg), Raudman signed with the Cubs after attending Monroe High School in what is now North Hills, California. Despite his size, he was a power hitter in minor league baseball, amassing 17 or more home runs in four of his eight pro seasons.
Raudman's first Cub trial came after he hit 20 homers with 84 runs batted in for the 1966 Tacoma Cubs of the Triple-A Pacific Coast League. He started eight games in left field in September and collected seven hits, including two doubles. In 1967, he hit 17 home runs for Tacoma, sandwiched between brief appearances with the Cubs in April and September, then was traded on November 21, 1967, to the Cleveland Indians (to complete an earlier deal for pitcher Dick Radatz). The Indians then immediately packaged Raudman, pitcher George Culver and first baseman Fred Whitfield to obtain outfielder Tommy Harper from the Cincinnati Reds.
Raudman died on December 17, 2020, at the age of 78.
# Amy Perruso

Amy A. Perruso (born November 5, 1968) is an American politician and educator serving as a member of the Hawaii House of Representatives for the 46th district. She represents the 46th House District as a member of the Democratic Party.

## Early life and education

Perruso was born and raised in Fallbrook, California. She earned a Bachelor of Arts degree in political science from the University of Southern California in 1990 and studied at the University of Helsinki as a Fulbright Scholar. She took courses toward a doctorate at the University of California, Los Angeles and earned her teaching credential from the University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa. She earned a PhD in political science and government from the University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa.

## Career

As a result of the education workers' strike, Perruso was one of several teachers to seek election to the Hawaii State Legislature. Perruso, a former secretary-treasurer of the Hawaii State Teachers Association who taught social studies at Mililani High School, defeated the incumbent Democratic representative Lei Learmont in the primaries. Perruso then went on to collect twice as many votes as her Republican opponent, John E. Miller, in the race for the 46th District.
In March 2020, Perruso joined Tina Wildberger and Russell Ruderman in donating $4,000 from their raises as state legislators to help pay for school lunches in their district. In 2021, she became an inaugural member of the newly-formed Progressive Legislative Caucus of the House of Representatives, a coalition of 18 left-wing members of the body.
In 2018 her candidacy was endorsed by the Democratic Socialists of America. In March 2019, she and other DSA elected officials congratulated striking teachers across the United States.

## Personal life

She is married to John Mackey and has two children.
# Simon Karas

Simon Karas (Lepreo ,21 May 1903 – Athens, 26 January 1999) was a Greek musicologist, who specialized in Byzantine music tradition.
Simon Karas was born in Lepreo, Zacharo municipality, Elis. He studied paleography of Byzantine musical notation, was active in collecting and preserving ancient musical manuscripts, collected performances of Greek folk songs and of Byzantine chant from different regions, in most cases writing them down in Byzantine notation, further altered and modified by him, to better match his needs. He also wrote his own music, and performed himself as a chanter or singer.
The figure of Simon Karas is highly controversial, and it strongly divides Byzantine music scholars and performers into two camps: one supporting, and one opposing his philosophy and his works. His opponents' chief argument is that some works and musical experiments of Simon Karas are highly non-traditional, at the edge of being heretical, at least from their point of view.

## Revisionism

Simon Karas proposed several revisions to the standard practice of contemporary Byzantine church singing. While these revisions were at least to some extent accepted by some groups of Byzantine chanters, they are at the same time furiously rejected by some other chanters. This practical division constitutes the main part of the controversy around Karas' name and heritage.

### Notation

In his works, Simon Karas has observed that in many cases the qualitative Byzantine neumes can be read (interpreted) in several different ways, and it is the experience of the chanter, and, to some extent, his personal choice that determine, what particular interpretation will be used in practice in each particular case. For example, there are several alternative interpretations for a combination of neumes "a kentemata above an oligon above a psefiston", and although in practice some readings of this combination can be more frequent than the others, theoretically, all these interpretations would be equally valid. Simon Karas proposed to decrease this ambiguity by re-introducing some of the old (paleographic) qualitative signs, to differentiate between different possible embellishments.

### Modes interpretation

Karas also attempted to revise the classification of musical modes, used by church chanters and choirs, from a musicological point of view, and not necessarily in line with the traditional 8-modes classification system. He also tried to guess and reconstruct the relations and history of these modes and scales, as well as regularities of their internal interval structure.

## Selected works

* Method of Greek Music (a series of books)
* Ioannis Maistor Koukouzelis and his era
* Engomia

## Most prominent followers

Among the chanters and choirs embracing the theories and practical proposals of Simon Karas at least to some degree are:
* Cappella Romana
* Lycourgos Angelopoulos (and the current practice of the Greek Byzantine Choir in general)
* Vatopedi monastery choir
# Kraków Gate (Lublin)

Kraków Gate is a Gothic city gate in Lublin, Poland. It was built in the 14th century during the reign of King Casimir III the Great. It is a protected monument in Poland. The gate resides within the historic portion of Lublin, which is itself a historic monument of Poland.
The tower is one of the last remaining components of the original Lublin city walls. It provided access to routes leading to Kraków. It also features facilities for a trumpeter and a clock.

## History

In 1341, the city was attacked by Mongols.
According to historian Zygmunt Gloger, the tower was probably produced on the order and support of Casimir the Great in 1342. King Stanisław August renovated the structure in 1787. It was again renovated by the municipality in the 19th century. From 1845, the fire brigade used the structure.
In 1901, author Jadwiga Chrząszczewska described the building as "magnificent."

## Archeology

In 2018, archeological work at the site suggested that a medieval cemetery had existed nearby. Digging also uncovered a coin from the 11th century.
# Brabantsche Compagnie

The Brabant Company (Dutch - Brabantsche Compagnie), also known as the New Company (Nieuwe Compagnie), was a precursor of the Dutch East India Company (VOC).
The Brabantsche Company was set up in 1599, by Jacques de Velaer, Isaac le Maire, Hans Hunger, Marcus de Vogelaer and Gerard Reynst. In 1600, the Brabantsche Company merged with the Compagnie van Verre to form the Vereenigde Compagnie van Amsterdam. Finally this company and other companies in Rotterdam, West Friesland and Zeeland merged into the VOC in 1602.
# Bob Taylor (baseball)

Robert Lee Taylor (born March 20, 1944) is an American former professional baseball player. An outfielder, Taylor played for 17 pro seasons (1962–1978), including a dozen in minor league baseball, four years in Nippon Professional Baseball, and one full season in the Major Leagues with the 1970 San Francisco Giants. Taylor batted left-handed, threw right-handed, stood 5 feet 9 inches (1.75 m) tall and weighed 170 pounds (77 kg).
Taylor signed with San Francisco in 1962 and played eight years in their farm system, winning the 1964 California League batting title with a .364 average. Another productive campaign in 1969 — during which he batted .331 for the Triple-A Phoenix Giants — earned him a spot on the 1970 Giants' 40-man spring training roster. Wrote Baseball Digest in its annual rookie scouting report: "Seldom swings at a bad pitch. Struck out only 25 times in 438 at bats ... Spray hitter with little power but ready to step into a Major League uniform right now. Should make it with Giants."
The report was prescient: Taylor stayed with the Giants all season, getting into 63 games, with an even 100 plate appearances and 84 official at bats. Of his 16 hits, two were for extra bases, but both were home runs against the rival Los Angeles Dodgers, on May 27 against José Peña, and on July 3 in a pinch hitting role against Don Sutton, a future member of the Baseball Hall of Fame.
Taylor returned to Phoenix in 1971 and 1972, and batted over .300 each season, giving him an opportunity to play Japanese baseball from 1973–1975. He then finished his pro career with two more seasons in the Giants' minor league system. All told, he collected 1,258 hits and batted .301 in his minor league career.
# Mick Lizmore

Michael Lizmore (born November 7, 1987, in London, Ontario) is a Canadian curler from Edmonton, Alberta.

## Career
### Juniors

Lizmore, who is originally from London, Ontario won the 2007 Pepsi Ontario Junior Curling Championships playing vice for the Ryan Myler rink. Representing Ontario at the 2007 Canadian Junior Curling Championships, the team went 8–4, missing the playoffs.

### Men's career: Ontario

After juniors, Lizmore joined the Mark Kean rink for one season before joining the Jake Higgs team in 2008 as lead. The team made it to the 2009 TSC Stores Tankard, the provincial men's championship for Ontario, where they finished in 4th place. The next season they did not make it to provincials but did play in one Grand Slam of Curling event, the 2010 Players' Championship, where they went winless.

### Men's career: Alberta

Lizmore moved to Alberta to attend the University of Alberta (after attending the University of Western Ontario) to study psychology. He joined the Brendan Bottcher rink in 2011, playing third. The team won the 2012 CIS/CCA Curling Championships in their first season together. The next season, they represented Canada at the 2013 Winter Universiade, where they won a bronze medal. That season, the team won their first World Curling Tour event, the Red Deer Curling Classic, and played in Lizmore's first Alberta men's provincial championship, the 2013 Boston Pizza Cup, winning just one game. The 2013-14 season was the last season for Lizmore on the team. That year, they won one tour event, the Spruce Grove Cashspiel and won just one game at the 2014 Boston Pizza Cup. They also played on one Slam that year, the 2013 Canadian Open of Curling, where they won just one game.
In 2014, Lizmore formed his own rink with Nathan Connolly, Parker Konschuh and Carter Lautner. The team won the Shamrock Shotgun World Curling Tour event that year and qualified for the playoffs at the 2015 Boston Pizza Cup, where they lost in the semifinal against Lizmore's former skip, Brendan Bottcher. That season Lizmore played in the 2014 National Grand Slam event, playing second for Matthew Blandford, missing the playoffs.
For the 2015-16 season, Lizmore added Dalyn Vavrek and Brad Chyz to the team, replacing Connolly and Konschuh. The team won the Red Deer Curling Classic. Once again Lizmore made it to the playoffs at the 2016 Boston Pizza Cup, and once again lost to Bottcher, this time in the 3 vs. 4 game. Also that season, Lizmore won the 2016 Canadian Mixed Curling Championship with teammates Sarah Wilkes, Brad Thiessen, Alison Kotylak.
# Clarita Heath

Clarita Heath (August 27, 1916 – October 13, 2003) was an American alpine skier. She competed in the women's combined event at the 1936 Winter Olympics.
# Manavatty

Manavatty is a 1964 Indian Malayalam-language film, directed by K. S. Sethumadhavan and produced by M. Raju Mathan. The film stars Sathyan, Madhu, Adoor Pankajam and Aranmula Ponnamma in the lead roles. The film had musical score by G. Devarajan.

## Cast

* Sathyan
* Ragini
* Madhu
* Baby Vinodini
* Adoor Pankajam
* Aranmula Ponnamma
* K. R. Vijaya
* S. P. Pillai
* T. N. Gopinathan Nair

## Soundtrack

The music was composed by G. Devarajan and the lyrics were written by Vayalar Ramavarma.
| No. | Song | Singers | Lyrics |
| 1 | "Ashtamudikkaayalile" | K. J. Yesudas, P. Leela | Vayalar Ramavarma |
| 2 | "Chummaathiriyaliyaa" | A. L. Raghavan | Vayalar Ramavarma |
| 3 | "Devathaaru Pootha" | A. M. Rajah | Vayalar Ramavarma |
| 4 | "Idayakanyake" | K. J. Yesudas | Vayalar Ramavarma |
| 5 | "Kaattile Kuyilin" | Renuka | Vayalar Ramavarma |
| 6 | "Muthassikkadha" | P. Susheela | Vayalar Ramavarma |
| 7 | "Neelavarnakkanpeelikal" | P. Susheela | Vayalar Ramavarma |
| 8 | "Parakkum Thalikayil" | P. Susheela | Vayalar Ramavarma |

## Reception

The film was a box office success.
# Darragh Ennis

Darragh Ennis (born 29 September 1980) is an Irish entomologist, neuroscientist, professional quizzer, and television personality. He is a postdoctoral researcher at the University of Oxford and one of the "chasers" on the ITV game show The Chase. He is nicknamed "The Menace".

## Early life and science career

Ennis was born in Dublin, and grew up in Rathcoole. He studied at Maynooth University, graduating with a BSc in biology in 2003, and a PhD in ecology in 2008. After completing his doctorate, he worked as a biomedical scientist at ICON for a year before undertaking postdoctoral research at Concordia University in Montreal, Canada, from 2010 until 2012. Since 2013, he has worked as a laboratory manager and research technician in the Department of Biochemistry at the University of Oxford, where he specialises in researching the brains of insects.
On 12 May 2024, Ennis announced the pre-order of his book entitled The Body: 10 Things You Should Know via Instagram. It was released on 26 September 2024.

## Television

In 2015, Ennis appeared as a contestant on the game show Rebound but was eliminated in the "Stop the Bar" round.
In 2017, Ennis was a member of a winning team on The Chase. He earned £9,000 in his Cash Builder round and defeated chaser Paul Sinha to take this money into the Final Chase. The other three contestants also advanced, but each of them took low offers from Sinha so that the final prize total was £6,300, giving each contestant £1,575 when the team won in the Final Chase. Viewers set up a GoFundMe campaign to compensate Ennis for his share of the money lost through his teammates' decisions. Ennis requested for all money to be donated to charity.
In April 2020, Ennis was announced as the sixth chaser on The Chase, alongside Mark Labbett, Shaun Wallace, Anne Hegerty, Paul Sinha and Jenny Ryan. His Chaser-debut episode was aired on 19 November 2020. His debut brought in 4.9 million viewers, making it the most watched episode of The Chase ever.

## Personal life

Ennis lives in Oxford, England with his wife, a fellow scientist whom he met at Maynooth University, and their two children.
Ennis speaks Irish and German, in addition to English. He supports Dublin GAA and Liverpool F.C.

## Filmography

| Year | Title | Role | Channel |
| 2015 | Rebound | Contestant | ITV |
| 2017 | The Chase | Contestant | ITV |
| 2020–present | The Chase | Chaser/The Menace | ITV |
| 2021–present | Beat the Chasers | Chaser/The Menace | ITV |
# Bobby Adams

Robert Henry Adams (December 14, 1921 – February 13, 1997) was an American professional baseball third baseman and second baseman. He played in Major League Baseball from 1946 through 1959 for the Cincinnati Reds / Redlegs, Chicago White Sox, Baltimore Orioles and Chicago Cubs. He batted and threw right-handed, stood at 5 feet 10 inches (1.78 m) tall and weighed 160 pounds (73 kg). He was born in Tuolumne County, California.
In a 14-season career, Adams posted a .269 batting average with 37 home runs and 303 RBI in 1281 games played.
Adams started his Major League career in 1946 with Cincinnati as their regular second baseman. Despite his infield background, the next five years he served mostly as a backup for Grady Hatton (3B) and Connie Ryan (2B). Finally, Adams became the regular third baseman for Cincinnati in 1951. His most productive season came in 1952, when he led the National League in singles (152), at-bats (637) and games (154), while batting .283 with career-numbers in hits (180) and doubles (25). He also was considered in National League MVP voting.
In the 1955 midseason, Adams was purchased by the Chicago White Sox. Traded to the Baltimore Orioles before 1956, he also played for the Chicago Cubs from 1957 to 1959, helping young infielders improve their play.
Following his playing career, Adams continued as a coach with the Cubs and was a member of the team's experimental College of Coaches. In 1966, the organization named him club president of the Triple-A Tacoma Cubs of the Pacific Coast League. But Adams’ six-year tenure in Tacoma ended after the 1971 season, when Chicago moved its Triple-A affiliate to Wichita, Kansas. After that, he again coached for the Cubs, in 1973, then retired from baseball.
Bobby Adams died in Gig Harbor, Washington, at age 75.

## Facts

* Adams hit a leadoff homerun against Robin Roberts that end up being the only hit the Cincinnati Redlegs get in the 8–1 loss on May 13, 1954
* Brother of 1B Dick Adams and father of OF Mike Adams.
# Daily Journal of Commerce

The Daily Journal of Commerce (DJC) is an American newspaper published Monday, Wednesday and Friday in Portland, Oregon. It features business, construction, real estate, legal news and public notices. It is a member of American Court & Commercial Newspapers Inc., and the CCN News Service, National Newspaper Association, International Newspaper Promotion Association, Oregon Newspaper Publishers Association, The Associated General Contractors of America, Oregon-Columbia chapter, and Associated Builders and Contractors Inc. DJC is owned by BridgeTower Media.
The DJC is read by business professionals in industries such as construction, architecture, engineering, commercial real estate, and law. Besides news, each day the DJC displays legal notices and public records from the city of Portland and surrounding governments.

## History

The Daily Journal of Commerce was founded by George H. Himes in 1872, and was initially known as the Commercial Reporter. It merged with Sunday Welcome (a competing public notice newspaper in Portland) in 1942 and was purchased by Dolan Media Company of Minneapolis in 1997. Dolan Media Company changed its name to The Dolan Company in 2010. The Dolan Company changed its name to BridgeTower Media in 2016.
# Siege of Hōjūjidono

The siege of Hōjūjidono (法住寺合戦, Hōjūji kassen) was a siege that took place in Kyoto, Japan in 1184. It was part of the Genpei War and a key element of the conflict between Minamoto no Yoshinaka and his cousins Yoritomo and Yoshitsune for control of the Minamoto clan.

## Overview

During the Genpei War (1180–1185), the retired and cloistered Emperor Go-Shirakawa supported the Minamoto clan, but got caught up in the internal power struggles.
For some time, Yoshinaka had desired to seize control of the clan from his cousins. Upon returning to Kyoto from his victories at Shinohara and Kurikara, he decided to split from the clan, plotting with Minamoto no Yukiie to kidnap Emperor Go-Shirakawa, and establish a government of their own, in the provinces north of Kyoto. But Yukiie did not, in the end, aid Yoshinaka in this scheme. Yoshinaka attacked the Hōjūjidono (also known as the Hōjūji Palace), set it aflame, killed the defenders, and seized Emperor Go-Shirakawa. Yoshinaka brutally attacked the emperor's troops in addition to gaining control over Shirakawa's Imperial Prison.
He was opposed by a number of court nobles and warrior monks from Mount Hiei and Miidera, but ultimately made it out of the city victorious, with the cloistered emperor as hostage.
However, at this point, the Minamoto armies, under Yukiie, Yoritomo, Yoshitsune, and Noriyori were surrounding the capital. Yoshinaka fled across the Bridge of Uji, where he fought the second Battle of Uji.