OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Liebesgeschichte der schönen Magelone und des Grafen Peter von Provence

Liebesgeschichte der schönen Magelone und des Grafen Peter von Provence (Love-Story of the Beautiful Magelone and Count Peter of Provence) is an eighteen-section German narrative in alternating prose and verse, with prose and one poem per section, by Ludwig Tieck.
Published in 1797, it relates an anonymous Occitan tale dating back to at least the 13th century. Count Peter of Provence leaves home in search of the reputedly beautiful Magelone, daughter of the King of Naples. He meets her, they fall in love, and they elope. But the two are separated by ill fortune and Peter becomes infatuated with a Muslim woman, Sulima. Peter and Magelone are eventually reunited and live happily ever after.
The tale was expressed in print in French in 1453 (Pierre de Provence et la belle Maguelone) and in German in 1535 (Die Schön Magelona [sic]). The latter, which served as Tieck’s immediate source, resulted from a 1527 translation by Veit Warbeck issued after Warbeck’s death as a chapbook, or Volksbuch.
Tieck’s narrative appeared in a three-volume collection of tales and dramas: Volksmärchen herausgegeben von Peter Lebrecht (Folk-Tales edited by Peter Lebrecht). In 1802 and 1803, Tieck worked on a drama based on the tale but completed only a short prologue in verse. Later, in 1811, Die schöne Magelone also appeared as a tale in his Phantasus. Furthermore sixteen of the eighteen poems were published separately as a lyric cycle, Des Jünglings Liebe (Of the Young Man’s Love).
Between 1861 and 1869 Johannes Brahms set to music fifteen of Tieck’s eighteen poems, scoring them for voice with piano accompaniment. These were published as the composer’s Opus 33 in five volumes of three songs each in 1865 and 1869: Romanzen aus L. Tieck’s Magelone für eine Singstimme mit Pianoforte [sic].

## Timeline

    1453 Anonymous French roman en prose appears
    c. 1470 Anonymous German translation appears
    1527 Veit Warbeck completes his translation in manuscript form
    1535 Warbeck’s translation is published posthumously as a Volksbuch
    under the title Die sehr lustige Histori vonn der schönen Magelona ... und von einem Ritter genannt Peter mit den silberin schlüsseln.
    1796 Tieck adapts Warbeck's version as Liebesgeschichte der schönen Magelone und des Grafen Peter aus der Provence
    1797 Tieck publishes Volksmärchen herausgegeben von Peter Lebrecht, which includes The Fair Magelone
    1811 Tieck publishes the first part of Phantasus, which includes a revised version of The Fair Magelone under its present title
    1836-37 Gustav Schwab includes another version of the tale in his series of Deutsche Volksbücher (German Chapbooks)
    1845-66 Karl Simrock includes The Fair Magelone in his series of Deutsche Volksbücher
    1861-69 Johannes Brahms sets fifteen of Tieck's Magelone lyrics to music
    1912 Peter Jerusalem includes Warbeck's version of The Fair Magelone in a volume of Deutsche Volksbücher
# Culling (disambiguation)

Culling is the process of removing animals from a group based on specific criteria.
Culling or The Culling may also refer to:

## People

* Sir Culling Eardley, 3rd Baronet (1805–1863), an English Christian campaigner for religious freedom and for the Protestant cause
* Thomas Culling (1896–1917), New Zealand's first World War I flying ace

## Entertainment

* The Culling (film), a 2015 supernatural thriller film
* The Culling (comics)
* The Culling (video game), a 2017 first-person shooter
* The Culling, a 2009 episode from Sons of Anarchy

## Other uses

* Culling (computer graphics), a rendering technique
# Angelo LiPetri

Michael Angelo LiPetri (July 6, 1929 – November 17, 2016) was an American professional baseball player. A right-handed pitcher who stood 6 feet 1 inch (1.85 m) tall and weighed 180 pounds (82 kg), he appeared in ten Major League Baseball games for the 1956 and 1958 Philadelphia Phillies.
LiPetri graduated from Bushwick High School in Brooklyn before beginning a professional baseball career in 1950. After his first season in the minors, he spent fourteen months in the United States Army.
LiPetri won 15 of 17 decisions for the Granby Phillies of the Class C Provincial League in 1953 and he compiled a .628 winning percentage in 78 decisions during his seven-year minor league baseball career, which stretched from 1953 to 1959. In parts of two MLB seasons, he allowed nine earned runs and 13 hits over 15 innings of work, striking out nine and walking three.
LiPetri died on November 17, 2016, and is buried at Cemetery of the Holy Rood in Westbury, NY.
# Mark A. Calabria

Mark Anthony Calabria was the Director of the Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA). He was formerly the chief economist for Vice President Mike Pence. President Biden removed him from the FHFA on June 23, 2021, following the Supreme Court decision in Collins v. Yellen.

## Career

On February 9, 2017, Calabria was selected by Vice President Mike Pence to serve as his chief economist.
Before that, Calabria was the Director of Financial Regulation Studies at the Cato Institute; a member of the senior staff of the U.S. Senate Committee on Banking, Housing and Urban Affairs, where he handled issues related to housing, mortgage finance, economics, banking and insurance for Ranking Member Richard Shelby; a staffer on the Senate Banking Committee under Chairman Phil Gramm; and a Deputy Assistant Secretary for Regulatory Affairs at the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development. He also held a variety of positions at Harvard University's Joint Center for Housing Studies, the National Association of Home Builders, the National Association of Realtors and the U.S. Census Bureau's Center for Economic Studies.
Calabria is a frequent commentator in the media. He has appeared on C-SPAN's Book TV, CNBC's the Kudlow Report & Street Signs, Fox affiliate WTTG News, NBC affiliate WDSU News, and WOR's Steve Malzberg Show. He has also written for Forbes, The San Diego Union-Tribune, The Wall Street Journal, and the New York Post.
Calabria has also testified before Congress. In testimony before the House Committee on Financial Services in September 2009, he said that "the current foreclosure relief efforts have largely been unsuccessful because they have misidentified the underlying causes of mortgage default. It is not exploding ARMs or predatory lending that drives the current wave of foreclosures, but negative equity driven by house prices declines coupled with adverse income shocks that are the main driver of defaults on primary residences."
Calabria has been noted by the media for his pro-free market views.
# St. Vrain Valley School District

The St. Vrain Valley School District is the local school district for Longmont, Colorado, United States, and several nearby communities. It is the seventh largest district in the state.

## Schools
### Stand-alone preschools

* Spark! Discovery Preschool

### Elementary schools

Ref:
| Alpine Elementary School Black Rock Elementary School Blue Mountain Elementary School Burlington Elementary School Centennial Elementary School Central Elementary School Columbine Elementary School Eagle Crest Elementary School Erie Elementary School Fall River Elementary School Grandview Elementary School Hygiene Elementary School | Indian Peaks Elementary School Legacy Elementary School Longmont Estates Elementary School Lyons Elementary School Mead Elementary School Mountain View Elementary School Niwot Elementary School Northridge Elementary School Prairie Ridge Elementary School Red Hawk Elementary School Rocky Mountain Elementary School Sanborn Elementary School |

### Middle schools

* Altona Middle School
* Coal Ridge Middle School
* Erie Middle School
* Longs Peak Middle School
* Lyons Middle/Senior High School
* Mead Middle School
* Sunset Middle School
* Trail Ridge Middle School
* Westview Middle School

### K-8 schools

* Thunder Valley K-8
* Timberline PK-8
* Soaring Heights PK-8

### High schools

* Erie High School
* Frederick High School
* Longmont High School
* Lyons Middle/Senior High School
* Mead High School
* Niwot High School
* Silver Creek High School
* Skyline High School

### Charter schools

* Aspen Ridge Preparatory School (K–8)
* Carbon Valley Academy (K–8, expanding to K–12)
* Flagstaff Academy (K–8)
* Imagine Charter School at Firestone (K–8)
* St Vrain Community Montessori School (pre K–8)
* Twin Peaks Charter Academy (K–12)

## Funding

In the 2020-2021 school year, the St. Vrain Valley School District had a total budget of $475,842,000, coming out to $15,197 per student. 53% of its funding was local, 33% was state, and 11% was federal.
# Durnacol

Durnacol is a small suburban town in the central part of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. The name is an acronym for Durban Navigation Collieries, a mine that was opened at the turn of the 20th century. The mine mainly produced coking coal for the shipping industries, but later the coal was used in the smelting of iron. At the height of its activity, some 5000 people worked at the mine. The mine ceased production activities in 2000. At present, the area of the mine property is being rehabilitated and is being managed by the local municipality. Many of the mining company's houses have been sold to individual owners.
A methane explosion at Durban Navigation Colliery on 8 October 1926 killed 124 miners. It is the worst mine explosion in South Africa's history.
# LIVE OAK (planning group)

LIVE OAK was the code name for a joint military planning group formed by the United States, United Kingdom, and France during the Cold War to plan for a response to any Soviet or Warsaw Pact aggression against West Berlin.
In November 1958, Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev gave a speech in which he issued an ultimatum to the Western powers. He insisted that if the Western powers maintained a military presence in Berlin then the Soviets would sign a treaty with the socialist East German government, known as the German Democratic Republic (GDR). Because the United States was unwilling to recognize the GDR as a legitimate government, Khrushchev's declaration to assist them in "defending its borders" was threatening to the Western position in Berlin. A separate peace treaty between the Soviets and the GDR would put Western access to Berlin in the hands of the East Germans who warned the West to "negotiate its use of access routes into Berlin with [the East German] country or risk 'interruptions'." Khrushchev gave the Western powers six months to withdraw from Berlin and make it a free and demilitarized city. In February 1959, following the ultimatum speech, the United States, United Kingdom, and France "seriously examined the need for co-ordinating local responses to Soviet pressure in the Berlin area" in order to remain in the city and maintain their legal right of free access to West Berlin. The Soviet Union withdrew the deadline before it passed in 1959 and engaged in negotiations with the other powers.
The LIVE OAK group, controlled by the governments of the three countries and General Lauris Norstad, the Supreme Allied Commander Europe and the Commander in Chief, US European Command, developed military plans to respond to the crisis in Berlin. The main objective of this planning "was primarily directed at readying immediate responses to possible Soviet bloc interference with Western rights of access to Berlin in the air or on the ground." It had three main areas of military activity: small-scale military probes to determine Soviet and GDR intentions, the use of airlifts if appropriate, and readying controlled ground and tactical air forces for possible deployment. Some of the ground access plans were called 'Free Style', 'Back Stroke', 'Trade Wind', and 'Lucky Strike'. There were two air access plans added in 1960 called 'Jack Pine' and 'Qbal'. LIVE OAK was part of the contingency planning during the next Berlin Crisis of 1961, culminating in the city's de facto partition with the East German erection of the Berlin Wall. West German planners were invited to join the staff in 1961. The planning group continued to operate during the Cold War until it was no longer necessary in October 1990 with the German reunification and the end of the Western Allied occupation of West Berlin.
# Alto (disambiguation)

Alto (Italian for "high") is a musical term that has several possible interpretations.
Alto may also refer to:

## Places
### Brazil

* Alto, Teresópolis, a neighborhood in Teresópolis, Brazil

### Italy

* Alto, Piedmont, a comune in the Province of Cuneo

### United States

* Alto, Arizona, a ghost town in Santa Cruz County
* Alto, California, a former unincorporated community in Marin County
* Alto, Georgia, a town divided between Banks County and Habersham County
* Alto, Indiana, an unincorporated community in Howard County
* Alto, Michigan, an unincorporated community in Kent County
* Alto, New Mexico, an unincorporated community in Lincoln County
* Alto, Texas, a town in Cherokee County
* Alto, Wisconsin, a town in Fond du Lac County
** Alto (community), Wisconsin, an unincorporated community in Fond du Lac County

## People

* Alto of Altomünster, a German saint
* Alto, spouse of Mr Percival, famous Australian pelican and film actor

## Music

* Alto, a voice part in choral music, sung by either:
** Alto or Contralto, the lowest female voice
** Male alto or contratenor, the highest male voice
* Members of a family of instruments, including:
** Althorn, the German name for tenor horn, a brass instrument
** Alto saxophone, a woodwind instrument
* Alto, the French name for viola, a string instrument
* Alto clef

## Technology

* Direct Fly Alto, a Czech ultralight aircraft
* Suzuki Alto, a Japanese car
* Maruti Suzuki Alto, an Indian version of the Suzuki Alto
* Xerox Alto, an experimental American personal computer
* ALTO (interbank network), in Indonesia
* ALTO (protocol), a protocol for applications to discover routing costs to different endpoints
* ALTO (XML), an open XML standard to describe OCR text and layout information of printed documents
* Air-launch-to-orbit, a method of launching rockets at altitude from a conventional horizontal-takeoff aircraft, abbreviated as "ALTO"

## Other uses

* Nilfisk-Advance, a supplier of professional cleaning equipment has an Alto brand
* ALTO (film), a 2015 American-Italian mob comedy film
* Alto's Adventure, a video game
* Cirrus cloud#Relation to other clouds, where the prefix "alto-" is applied to cloud genera
* Alto (restaurant), a former restaurant in Manhattan, New York City
* Alto (rideshare), a United States rideshare company
* Alto (high-speed rail), a planned high-speed passenger rail network and project authority in Canada
# Afghan (blanket)

An afghan is a blanket or shawl, usually knitted or crocheted. It is sometimes also called a "throw" of indeterminate size. Afghans are often used as bedspreads, or as a decoration on the back of couches or chairs.

## Etymology

The word afghan refers to the people of Afghanistan. The use of afghan in the English language for a textile object goes back to at least 1831, when Thomas Carlyle mentioned "Afghan shawls" in his Sartor Resartus. By 1860, Afghan as a noun, not an adjective, denoted a type of handicrafted object shown at state fairs and other exhibitions, along with patchwork and knitted quilts, and was being mentioned in novels:
   There is a fashion, I observe, in these things; and her work was a sort I perceive to have become very fashionable of late—the netting of soft wools into various articles for women's heads and shoulders, and even into cloaks and large shawls or blankets—Afghans, Lilly says they call them—to be worn as protection against dust in summer drives.

## History

The Afghan blankets and shawls may have roots in the rich textile tradition of Afghanistan which consisted of geometric designs made with many crocheted or knitted squares of yarn sewn together into a fabric.

## Types and styles

There are many styles of afghans:
* Single-piece afghans are the simplest style to make and are especially popular with beginners.
* Mile-a-minute afghans are usually made in many separate strips, with a minimum of stitches per strip, and then the strips are joined.
* Join-as-you-go afghans are made up of many different pieces, one of which begins where the last leaves off.
* Motif afghans are composed of many small motifs, squares, or blocks, such as a granny square. These motifs may be all of the same design or of different designs. However, to make it easier to join the motifs into an afghan, the blocks are typically the same size. Some favor the motif style because of its portability and versatility of design. The motif style is still a very popular and a complex design for making blankets, scarves, etc. Although not a requirement, an edge or border is most often added to nicely finish off the blanket.
* A graphghan is an afghan made by following a flat chart. This method uses a grid of colored squares to create a visual design. There are three main methods to making a graphghan: pixel crochet, corner-to-corner crochet, and tapestry crochet.
# Preeti Rai

Preeti Kulung Rai (Nepali: प्रीति राई; born 21 November 2004) is a Nepalese footballer who plays as a midfielder for KickStart FC and Nepal national women's team. Rai made a remarkable debut for Nepal's national women's football team in a FIFA Friendly match against Bangladesh at Dasharath Stadium on 9 September 2021. At just 16 years old, Rai showed her skills and made an immediate impact by scoring a stunning goal in the 22nd minute.

## Early life

Rai is a native of Solukhumbu District, Nepal. She is the daughter of Chandra Prasad Rai and Gyanmaya Rai. She attended Sharada Academy in Nepal. She started playing football at the age of six.

## Career

Rai was part of Nepal women's national football team at the 2024 WAFF Women's Championship. Nepal team finished second place in the tournament.

## Style of play

Preeti Rai is primarily known for her role as a midfielder, where her playing style is defined by her playmaking abilities, vision, and technical skills. She has an impressive ability to control the game from the midfield, making precise passes and creating scoring opportunities for her teammates. Her skill in providing accurate and timely assists has made her a valuable asset to both her club and the Nepal National Women's Team.

## International goals

    As of match played on 21 October 2024
Appearances and goals by national team and year :
| National team | Year | Goals |
| Nepal |
| Nepal | 2021 | 1 |
| Nepal | 2024 | 4 |
| Total | Total | 5 |
    Scores and results list Nepal's goal tally first, score column indicates score after each Rai goal.
    As of match played on 21 October 2024
| No. | Date | Venue | Opponent | Score | Result | Competition |
| 1. | 9 September 2021 | Dasharath Rangasala, Kathmandu, Nepal | Bangladesh | 2–1 | 2–1 | FIFA Friendly |
| 2. | 27 February 2024 | Prince Abdullah Al-Faisal Sports City, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia | Lebanon | 2–1 | 2–1 | 2024 WAFF Women's Championship |
| 3. | 21 October 2024 | Dasharath Rangasala, Kathmandu, Nepal | Maldives | 1–0 | 11–0 | 2024 SAFF Women's Championship |
| 4. | 21 October 2024 | Dasharath Rangasala, Kathmandu, Nepal | Maldives | 7–0 | 11–0 | 2024 SAFF Women's Championship |
| 5. | 21 October 2024 | Dasharath Rangasala, Kathmandu, Nepal | Maldives | 10–0 | 11–0 | 2024 SAFF Women's Championship |
# Pollock's Toy Museum

51°31′13″N 0°8′7″W﻿ / ﻿51.52028°N 0.13528°W﻿ / 51.52028; -0.13528
Pollock's Toy Museum is a small museum at two sites in London, England: the Whitgift Centre in Croydon and at Leadenhall Market.
The museum was started in 1956 in a single attic room at 44 Monmouth Street, near Covent Garden. As the enterprise flourished, other rooms were taken over for the museum and the ground floor became a toyshop. By 1969 the collection had outgrown the Monmouth Street premises and Pollock's Toy Museum moved to 1 Scala Street, with a museum shop on the ground floor to contribute to its support. The museum had vintage teddies, dolls' houses, rocking horses, miniature theatres, electric train sets and antique models on display. The museum continues today to be run by the grandson of the founder Marguerite Fawdry.
The museum announced on 18 January 2023 that it had not secured a new lease on its building and was looking for a new venue. The venue was closed, and staff and volunteers moved the stock into storage. The museum's collection is now divided between two pop-up locations: in the Whitgift Centre in Croydon and at Leadenhall Market. This is a temporary solution while a new permanent home is sought.
# Fred Lebow

Fred Lebow (June 3, 1932 – October 9, 1994), born Fischel Lebowitz, was a Holocaust survivor, runner, race director, and founder of the New York City Marathon. Born in Arad, Romania, he presided over the transformation of the race from one with 55 finishers in 1970 to one of the largest marathons in the world with more than 52,000 finishers in 2018. He was posthumously inducted into the National Distance Running Hall of Fame in 2001.
Lebow ran in the inaugural marathon in 1970, finishing 45th out of 55 runners with a time of 4:12:09. He ran his last NYC Marathon on November 1, 1992, in celebration of his 60th birthday, after being diagnosed with brain cancer in early 1990, with his friend, nine-time NYC Marathon women's winner Grete Waitz of Norway, with a time of 5:32:35.
During his career he completed 69 marathons in 30 countries. Along with the NYC Marathon he also organized the Empire State Building Run-Up, the Fifth Avenue Mile, and the CrazyLegs Mini Marathon (a 10K road race), which was the first strictly women-only road race. Lebow was also president of New York Road Runners for twenty years.

## Death

He died in 1994, and was buried at Mount Hebron Cemetery in Flushing, Queens.
His memorial service at the finish line of the New York City Marathon attracted a crowd of more than 3,000 mourners, which at that time was the largest memorial gathering in Central Park since the death of John Lennon.

## Legacy

In 1991, Lebow established Fred's Friends as the first official charity of the New York Marathon. The program uses marathon runners to raise funds for cancer research.
In 1995, Fred's Team was established in honor of Lebow. Every year, athletes of all abilities join Fred's Team to compete in marathons, half-marathons, triathlons, bike races, and other endurance events around the world to raise funds for pioneering research at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center. As of 2018, Fred's Team had raised more than $87 million.
In Lebow's honor, a sculpture of him was created by Jesus Ygnacio Dominguez. Unveiled on November 4, 1994, it depicts Lebow timing runners with his watch. In 2001, the statue was moved to its permanent location on the East Side Central Park Drive at 90th St. Every year the statue is moved to a spot in view of the finish line of the marathon.
New York Road Runners hosts an annual race called the Fred Lebow Half-Marathon in January, consisting of 13.1 miles in 2 loops of Central Park.

## In popular culture

The documentary Run for Your Life tells the story of Lebow and the New York City Marathon.
# Demba Chio

Demba Chio is a commune in the municipality of Quiçama, Icolo e Bengo Province, Angola.