OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Anthony Rotich

Anthony Rotich (born 1991) is an American long-distance runner who specializes in the 3000 metres steeplechase. He is a four time NCAA Division 1 Champion and twelve time NCAA Division 1 All-American.

## Running career
### Collegiate

From Koiwa High School, Rotich was a state champion in high school. He was recruited to UTEP from El Paso, Texas, whose track and cross country program had a long history in recruiting talented runners from eastern Africa. At UTEP, Rotich was a 3 time NCAA champion in the 3000 meters steeplechase. In 2014, he won the mile at the indoor NCAAs and won the 3000-meter steeplechase at the 2014 NCAA Division I Outdoor Track and Field Championships.
In 2015, Rotich was named Conference USA track and field athlete of the year. By the time he graduated in 2015, Rotich's was awarded twelve All-American honors in NCAA track and cross country, with a total of 11 national awards.

## Career finishes and statistics

| College | CUSA Cross Country | NCAA Cross Country | Indoor CUSA | NCAA Indoor | Outdoor CUSA | NCAA Outdoor |
| Freshman 11-12 | | | DMR 4th; 3000 5th; 5000 2nd | | 3000S 2nd; 5000 3rd | 3000S 6th |
| Sophomore 12-13 | 8k 1st | 10 km 4th | DMR 2nd; Mile 2nd; 3000 1st; 5000 1st | 3000 12th; 5000 6th | 1500 1st; 3000S 1st; 5000 1st | 3000S 1st |
| Junior 13-14 | 8k 1st | 10 km 19th | Mile 1st; 3000 1st; 5000 1st | Mile 1st | 1500 1st; 3000S 1st; 5000 1st | 3000S 1st |
| Senior 14-15 | 8k 1st | 10 km 11th | Mile 2nd; 3000 2nd; 5000 1st | Mile 3rd | 1500 1st; 3000S 1st; 5000 1st | 3000S 1st |
| R Senior 15-16 | 8K 1st | 10 km 15th | | | | |

### College Times

| Event | Time | Date | Venue |
| 1500m | 3:42.55 | April 12, 2014 | El Paso, Texas |
| Mile | 3:59.93 | April 25, 2015 | Berkeley, California |
| 3000m | 7:53.43 | February 9, 2013 | Seattle, Washington |
| 5000m | 13:31.59 | April 3, 2015 | Stanford, California |
| 3000mSC | 8:30.54 | May 4, 2014 | Stanford, California |

## National and international career

2015 All-Athletics.com World Rankings
| Event Group | Place | Score |
| Men's 3000mSC | 73 | 1104 |
| Men's 1500m | 110 | 1082 |
| Men's 5000m | 377 | 975 |
Rotich placed fourth in the 2016 Payton Jordan Invitational 3,000m steeplechase in 8:27.62 at Stanford University on May 1, 2016.
1500m 3:48.74 El Paso (USA) 25.03.2017 Mile ind. 4:03.67 Albuquerque (USA) 11.02.2017 3000mSC 8:36.39 Palo Alto (USA) 05.05.2017 Anthony Rotich placed first in 2017 Payton Jordan Invitational 3,000m steeplechase in 8:36.39 at Stanford University on 5 May 2017.
Rotich won 2018 Music City Distance Carnival steeplechase in Nashville, Tennessee in 8:34.56.
# Colombian grima

* Martial arts
* Sports
* Colombia
Colombian grima is a martial art that was developed by Afro-Colombian communities during the colonial era that utilizes the use of a machete in combat.

## History

Among contemporary masters of the art, there are a number of competing ideas as to the origins of grima. Although there are numerous variants on these, they fall into four groups. The first group views grima as having come from Africa along with enslaved Africans brought to work in the mines of Colombia and the second group traces grima directly to European sword-fighting experts who visited Colombia in colonial times. The third group see grima's "desgonses" as evidence that Colombian grima was formed by blacks developing their own styles inspired by the European sword-fighting they witnessed, while the fourth group traces grima to the Wars of Independence when it was taught by foreign soldiers to Colombian troops. In the near future comparative research on the fencing histories of the Atlantic World may provide clearer details on the historical relationship between Colombian grima styles and other fencing traditions in the wider Atlantic world.

## Styles

There are many different variations of Colombian Grima and they differ throughout the country. These different styles are called "juegos". Juegos differ in utilization and movements.

### Juegos

* Español Reformado was played at long ranges with long erect stances and linear footwork.
* Palo Negro was practiced at close range and trained in circular walking patterns.
* Relancino was similar to Palo Negro but emphasized deceptive attacking combinations and the defensive utilization of low-crouching positions and double handed blocks.
Other examples include; Sombra Caucana, Cubano, Español, Venezolano, Costeño and many others. Each style slightly differs in stance, range, footwork, tactic, and choreographed sequence, but follow the same eight common core strikes and defenses.
# Fady Qaddoura

Fady Qaddoura is a Palestinian American politician from Indianapolis. A member of the Democratic Party, he was elected to represent Senate District 30 in the Indiana Senate in the 2020 general election, becoming the first Arab Muslim lawmaker in the state's history. In the election, he defeated his Republican opponent, winning 52.5% of the vote.

## Life

Qaddoura was born in the West Bank, State of Palestine to Palestinian parents. Qaddoura traveled at the age of 18 to study computer science in the US. He lost his home in 2005 after Hurricane Katrina.
Qaddoura studied at the University of New Orleans and obtained a bachelor's and master's degrees in computer science. And from Rice University, he holds a master's degree in public administration and nonprofit management, and later, he holds a doctorate in philosophy in philanthropy and public policy from Indiana University – Purdue University Indianapolis.
He has worked in scientific research at the University of Texas System and the University of New Orleans. He also has worked as adjunct faculty in Indiana University – Purdue University Indianapolis.

## Volunteering

Qaddoura volunteered with the Muslim American Society in Houston to help feed those in need after Hurricane Katrina, while also being an evacuee himself. He was involved in providing logistical support digitally, building databases for the Muslim American Society to use in its efforts to provide resources to evacuees. During Ramadan of 2007, Qaddoura organized a community iftar, hosting refugees coming from Sudan, Somalia, and Nigeria.
# William G. Gross

William G. Gross (pronunciation, born c. 1964) is an American police officer who served as Commissioner of the Boston Police Department for 29 months, from August 2018 to January 2021.

## Early life and education

Gross was born in rural Maryland to a single mother, the middle of three children, and moved to Boston at the age of 12. He graduated from Boston Technical High School (now the John D. O'Bryant School of Mathematics & Science). He then entered the Boston Police Cadet Program, becoming a Patrol Officer two years later in 1984.
Gross earned an Associate in Science degree in Criminal Justice from Quincy College in 2017.

## Boston Police Department

As a patrol officer, Gross served in the Anti-Youth Violence Strike Force and the Drug Control Unit, and later was an instructor at the Boston Police Academy. He achieved the ranks of Sergeant and Sergeant Detective, and then became Deputy Superintendent in 2008, where he attended community meetings to address specific neighborhood crime concerns. In 2010, he became commander of the Field Support Division, which includes the Anti-Youth Violence Strike Force and the School Police Unit. In 2012, he was promoted to Superintendent, Night Commander. In March 2017, Gross was again promoted, becoming the first Black Superintendent-in-Chief of the Boston police.

### Commissioner

On August 6, 2018, Boston mayor Marty Walsh officiated the ceremony during which Gross was sworn in as Commissioner of the Boston Police Department. Gross became the department's 42nd commissioner. When Gross resigned Boston's annual homicide rate (57 killings) was at an eight year high. He oversaw a review of the department's use-of-force policies, allowed officers to arm themselves with chemical weapons, police body cameras were issued to half the force, and he established the first Bureau of Community Engagement for the Boston police.
On the afternoon of January 28, 2021, Gross announced his near immediate retirement to be effective the next morning. The retirement was considered "abrupt," with Gross citing the desire to spend more time with family. The Boston Globe reported several months later that Gross had experienced a health scare, which prompted his retirement. Superintendent Dennis White was immediately named as his successor by Walsh. White was formally sworn in on February 1, and two days later was placed on leave after court records documenting domestic violence surfaced.
Gross, a conservative registered as an independent, considered becoming a candidate in the 2021 Boston mayoral election, but stated at the time of his retirement that he decided against running. In May 2021, Gross endorsed Boston City Council member Annissa Essaibi George for mayor.
# Newton

Newton most commonly refers to:
* Isaac Newton (1642–1726/1727), English scientist
* Newton (unit), SI unit of force named after Isaac Newton
Newton may also refer to:

## People

* Newton (surname), including a list of people with the surname
* Newton (given name), including a list of people with the given name

## Arts and entertainment

* Newton (film), a 2017 Indian film
* Newton (band), Spanish electronic music group
* Newton (Blake), a print by William Blake
* Newton (Paolozzi), a 1995 bronze sculpture by Eduardo Paolozzi
* Cecil Newton (Coronation Street), a character in the British soap opera Coronation Street
* Curtis Newton, "real" name of pulp magazine character Captain Future
* George Newton, a character in the film series Beethoven
* Newton Gearloose, a Disney character, nephew of Gyro Gearloose
* Newton, a character in The Mighty Hercules animated series

## Places
### Australia

* Newton, South Australia

### Canada

* Newton, Edmonton, Alberta
* Newton, Surrey, British Columbia

### Ireland

* Newtown Cunningham, County Donegal, a village, called Newton for short

### New Zealand

* Newton, New Zealand
* Newton (New Zealand electorate), a 19th-century parliamentary constituency in Auckland

### Singapore

* Newton, Singapore

### United Kingdom

* List of places called Newton in the United Kingdom

### United States

* Newton, Alabama, a town
* Newton County, Arkansas
* Newton, Georgia, a city
* Newton County, Georgia
* Newton, Illinois, a city
* Newton, Indiana, an unincorporated community
* Newton County, Indiana
* Newton, Wabash County, Indiana, an unincorporated community
* Newton, Iowa, a city
* Newton, Kansas, a city
* Newton, Massachusetts, a city
* Newton, Mississippi, a city
* Newton County, Mississippi
* Newton County, Missouri
* Newton, New Hampshire, a town
* Newton, New Jersey, a town
* Newton, North Carolina, a city
* Newton, Texas, a city
* Newton County, Texas
* Newton, Utah, a town
* Newton, Washington, an unincorporated community
* Newton, West Virginia, an unincorporated community
* Newton, Wisconsin (disambiguation), several places
* Newton Township (disambiguation), several places

## Science and technology
### Astronomy

* 8000 Isaac Newton, a minor planet
* Newton (lunar crater)
* Newton (Martian crater)
* XMM-Newton, an orbiting X-ray observatory

### Computing

* Apple Newton, a series of personal digital assistants by Apple Computer, Inc.
* Newton OS, an operating system for the Apple Newton
* Newton (app), an email management application developed by CloudMagic, Inc.
* Newton Game Dynamics, a free physics engine for simulating rigid bodies in games

### Other uses in science

* Newton scale, temperature scale devised by Isaac Newton

## Other uses

* Hurricane Newton, various tropical cyclones
* Mount Newton (Yukon), a mountain in Canada
* Newton Station (disambiguation)
* Newton Vineyard, a wine estate in California, United States
* Newtons (cookie), most prominently Fig Newtons, a Nabisco version of the fig roll
# Koffi Agbényéga Voule-Frititi

Koffi Agbényéga Marcel Voule-frititi (born 10 July 1934) was a Togolese politician, who served as a deputy in the National Assembly of Togo. He was a member of the Rally of the Togolese People (RPT).

## Biography

Voule-Frititi was born in Danyi on 10 July 1934. From 1966 to 1978 he was Director of the National Institute of Scientific Research, and from 1977 to 1982 he served in the government as Minister of Culture, Youth and Sports. He was Technical Adviser to the Ministry of National Education and Scientific Research from 1982 to 1985.
Voule-Frititi was elected to the National Assembly in the March 1999 parliamentary election as the RPT candidate in the Second Constituency of Danyi Prefecture, receiving 76.46% of the vote. He was re-elected in the October 2002 parliamentary election from the Second Constituency of Danyi Prefecture, and he was again re-elected in the October 2007 parliamentary election as an RPT candidate from Danyi Constituency. Following the 2007 election, he chaired the first meeting of the new parliamentary term on 13 November 2007 due to his status as the oldest deputy, and he was assisted by the two youngest deputies, Mawulikplim Moïse Sodahlon and Kwami Manti. He became a member of the National Assembly's Socio-Cultural Development Committee.
Voule-Frititi was a member of the RPT Central Committee from Danyi Prefecture as of the party's Ninth Ordinary Congress in December 2006; he was also a member of the RPT College of Sages.
# Vincent Courtillot

Vincent E. Courtillot (born 6 March 1948) is an emeritus French geophysicist, prominent among the researchers who are critical of the hypothesis that impact events are a primary cause of mass extinction of life forms on the Earth. He is known for his book La Vie en catastrophes (Paris, Fayard, 1995), translated into English as Evolutionary catastrophes (1999).

## Biography

Courtillot is an engineer from the École nationale supérieure des Mines de Paris. He then studied at Stanford University. In 1974, he was awarded a doctorate by University Paris 6 and in 1977 a state doctorate by University Paris 7.
He has pursued an academic career in France and the United States, including teaching stints at Caltech and the University of Minnesota, and work with the Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (where he has been director since 2004), and the Ministry of National Education in France. (From 1998 to 2001 Courtillot served under Claude Allègre as director of research when Allègre was Minister for National Education, Research and Technology.) Courtillot is currently Professor of Geophysics at the Paris Diderot University. He has published in excess of 150 papers in scientific journals, with some emphasis on the specialty of paleomagnetism; he has served as editorial advisor to the French journal La Recherche.
Vincent Courtillot was elected to membership in the French Academy of Sciences in November 2003. He is also a member of the Fondation Ecologie d'Avenir since 2011.

## Research

Courtillot favors the hypothesis that major mass extinctions are caused by massive episodes of vulcanism: that the Permian-Triassic (P/T) extinction that ended the Paleozoic Era was caused by the Siberian Traps eruption, and the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event that ended the Mesozoic Era was caused by the Deccan Traps vulcanism in India. His position is generally in opposition to the hypothesis famously championed by Luis Alvarez and Walter Alvarez, that the K/T extinction that saw the end of the dinosaurs was primarily due to the asteroid impact at Chicxulub on the Yucatan Peninsula. However, Courtillot does not dispute the scientifically-determined facts of the Chicxulub impact; rather, he argues that the totality of the available evidence supports a thesis that mass extinctions are generally caused by volcanic action.

## Magnetic field and climate

He is currently at the centre of a scientific controversy regarding the publication of one of his papers in the journal Earth and Planetary Science Letters (EPSL) entitled “Are there connections between the Earth's magnetic field and climate?” by V. Courtillot, Y. Gallet, J.-L. Le Mouël, F. Fluteau, A. Genevey (2007) EPSL 253, 328. There have been articles in Le Monde on 15 January 2008, and in Science on 11 January 2008 concerning the debate over this paper.
He is usually considered to be a global warming denier, often associated with Claude Allègre. Vincent Courtillot asserted that his collaboration with oil companies Total and Schlumberger on CO$_2$ sequestration (CCS) has no influence on his research and results.
# Extras (2024 film)

Extras is a Canadian short comedy film, directed by Marc-Antoine Lemire and released in 2024. The film stars Isabelle Giroux as Isabelle, an actress whose career is in a rut, as she meets with her agent Johanne (Sophie Faucher) to discuss a new role.
The cast also includes Samuel Brassard, Véronique Lafleur and Joseph Bellerose in supporting roles.
The film premiered in March 2024 at the Regard short film festival, where it won the FIPRESCI International Critics’ Prize and the Audience Award. The film was shortlisted for the Prix collégial du cinéma québécois in 2025.
# Bhairadevi

Bhairadevi is a 2024 Kannada supernatural thriller film written and directed by Srijai and produced by Radhika Kumaraswamy. Besides Radhika in dual roles, the film features Ramesh Aravind, Anu Prabhakar, Skanda Ashok, P. Ravishankar and Rangayana Raghu in lead supporting roles. The makers are planning for a sequel post the release of the film on 3 October 2024.

## Cast

* Radhika Kumaraswamy as Bhairadevi/Aghori/Bhoomi
* Ramesh Aravind as DCP Aravind
* Anu Prabhakar as Shalini
* Rangayana Raghu as Veeraiah
* P. Ravishankar as Aghori
* Skanda Ashok
* Shivaram
* Suchendra Prasad
* Malavika Avinash
* Padmaja Rao

## Soundtrack

The film's score and soundtrack was composed by K. K. Senthil Prasath and lyrics were written by Srijai.
* "Kali Amma Baa" - Malathi
* "Jai Durga" - P. Ravishankar

## Reception

The film received positive reviews from critics.
Jagadish Angadi of Deccan Herald rated the film three out of five stars and wrote that "Despite flaws, the engaging second half saves the film. Bhairadevi will entertain those who love supernatural thrillers." Sridevi S of The Times of India gave it three out of five stars and wrote, "In the era of horror comedy, Bhairadevi presents a horror script in all its glory, albeit with a predictable storyline. If horror films are your jam, you can give this film a try." Sunayana Suresh of The South First gave it three out of five stars and opined that "The way the story traverses through the entire twists and turns might not entirely be dexterous or novel, but it does provide the necessary entertainment, which keeps the audience engaged."
# HD 1461

HD 1461 is a star in the equatorial constellation of Cetus, near the western constellation border with Aquarius. It has the Gould designation 32 G. Ceti, while HD 1461 is the Henry Draper Catalogue identifier. This object has a yellow hue and is a challenge to view with the naked eye, having an apparent visual magnitude of 6.47. The star is located at a distance of 76.5 light-years (23.5 parsecs) from the Sun based on parallax, but is drifting closer with a radial velocity of −10 km/s.
This object is a G-type main-sequence star with a stellar classification of G3VFe0.5, where the suffix notation indicates a mild overabundance of iron. It is roughly two billion years old and is spinning with a projected rotational velocity of 5 km/s. This is a solar-type star with 5% greater mass compared to the Sun and 1.24 times the Sun's radius. The star is radiating 1.19 times the luminosity of the Sun from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 5,386 K.

## Planetary system

On 14 December 2009, scientists announced the discovery at least one planet orbiting around HD 1461. The planet, a super-Earth with a 5.8-day orbit was designated HD 1461 b. The data also contained evidence for additional planets with orbital periods of around 400 and 5000 days but the star showed small variations with similar periods, casting doubt on the interpretation of these signals as being caused by orbiting planets.
In 2011, a paper was published on the arXiv pre-print server giving an orbital solution incorporating data from the HARPS spectrograph. This solution recovered the previously-known planet HD 1461 b, and an additional planet in a 13.5-day orbit. The 13.5-day planet HD 1461 c was confirmed in 2015.
Other than HD 1461 b, the designations for the planets are inconsistent: in the original paper, Rivera et al. designated the 400 and 5000-day candidates as "c" and "d" respectively, whereas the Mayor et al. (2011) pre-print uses the "c" designation for the 13.5-day planet and does not mention the 400-day or 5000-day planets at all.
HD 1461 b has a mass 6.44 times that of the Earth while HD 1461 c has a mass times 5.59 that of the Earth.
The HD 1461 planetary system :
| Companion (in order from star) | Mass | Semimajor axis (AU) | Orbital period (days) | Eccentricity | Inclination | Radius |
| b | ≥6.44±0.61 M$_🜨$ | 0.0634±0.0022 | 5.77152±0.00045 | <0.131 | — | — |
| c | ≥5.59±0.73 M$_🜨$ | 0.1117±0.0039 | 13.5052±0.0029 | <0.228 | — | — |
# British League of Rights

The British League of Rights was an offshoot of the Australian League of Rights founded in 1971. It was an "anti-semitic and white supremacist" political group. The British League opposed the entry of the UK into the European Economic Community.
In the early 1970s, it came under the direction of Don Martin, a former member of the Australian Young Liberals, who has run it ever since. Under Martin's direction the British League increased its membership. Conservative Monday Club member Lady Jane Birdwood was General Secretary. By 1974, the British League of Rights became the British chapter of the World Anti-Communist League, replacing Geoffrey Stewart-Smith's Foreign Affairs Circle, which claimed to have left due to the Anti-Communist League's antisemitism. In 1975, the British League established an association with the Britons Publishing Company. Although not officially connected, the League of Rights had links to the National Front and during the leadership of John Tyndall articles that appeared in League of Rights publications were regularly reprinted in Tyndall's organ Spearhead.
The British League of Rights hosted the fourth Crown Commonwealth League of Rights conference in 1985.
Don Martin elected to resign from the chairmanship of the Policy Unit of the Federation of Small Businesses in 2001 as a result of a campaign by Gerry Gable's Searchlight magazine.
# Kazimierz Abramowicz

Kazimierz Abramowicz (1889–1936) was a Polish mathematician and professor at the University of Poznan. He worked in the field of theory of analytic functions, in particular hypergeometric functions.
# Percy Hope

Percy Hope (foaled on April 28, 1998 in Kentucky) was an American thoroughbred racehorse who won the Rushaway Stakes and the Lone Star Derby in 2001. He started in the 2001 Preakness Stakes, finishing 9th.
He became the second horse since Anet in 1997 to win both the Rushaway and the Lone Star Derby.