# Chhatrapati Sambhaji Maharaj

Chhatrapati Sambhaji Maharaj also known as Shamhuraje was the second king of Maratha Kingdom. The Brave Maratha Warrior, Chhatrapati Sambhaji Maharaj was not only a warrior but also a true patriot who sacrificed his life for the honor and independence of the Maratha Empire. His courage, determination, and steadfast refusal to surrender in the face of adversity made him a legendary figure in Indian history. Even today, he is remembered and revered for his bravery, inspiring generations to uphold the values of sacrifice, duty, and patriotism.

## Introduction

Chhatrapati Sambhaji Mahraj was the second ruler of the Maratha Empire and the son of the legendary Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj. Known for his valor, intelligence, and indomitable spirit, Sambhaji played a crucial role in defending the Maratha kingdom against the mighty Mughal Empire led by Aurangzeb. His life was filled with struggles, sacrifices, and ultimate martyrdom, making him one of the most revered figures in Indian history.

## Birth and Early Life

Sambhaji Maharaj was born on May 14, 1657, at Purandar Fort. He was the eldest son of Shivaji Maharaj and Saibai. Unfortunately, his mother passed away when he was just two years old. Despite this tragedy, he was given the best possible education and training by his father. His early years were marked by rigorous military and administrative training, preparing him for future leadership.

## Education and Grooming

Sambhaji was an exceptionally talented child. He was well-versed in Sanskrit, Marathi, Persian, and various other languages. At the age of 13, Shambu raje had already learnt 13 languages.His knowledge extended beyond warfare to diplomacy, literature, and statecraft. His education included lessons in Hindu scriptures, military strategies, and the political dynamics of the era. His intelligence and bravery were evident from an early age, making him a worthy successor to Shivaji Maharaj.

## Becoming the Chhatrapati

After the death of Shivaji Maharaj in 1680, a power struggle ensued within the Maratha court. Sambhaji faced opposition from his stepmother, Soyarabai, who wanted her son Rajaram to ascend the throne. However, Sambhaji successfully overcame these challenges and was crowned as the Chhatrapati in 1681. His reign, though short, was marked by fierce resistance against the Mughal onslaught.

## Fight Against The Tyrant Aurangzeb

One of the most defining aspects of Sambhaji’s rule was his relentless fight against the Mughal Tyrant Aurangzeb. Aurangzeb had set his eyes on the Maratha Empire, intending to crush its independence. Sambhaji not only defended his kingdom but also launched aggressive campaigns against the Mughals. His swift military actions in the Deccan and his alliances with the Siddis, Portuguese, and other regional powers kept the Mughals at bay. He also attacked Mughal territories in Burhanpur and other strategic locations, proving his military genius.

## Capture and Execution of Raje

In 1689, Sambhaji Maharaj was betrayed by a few of his own men and was captured by the Mughals near Sangameshwar. He was presented before the Tyrant Aurangzeb, who demanded that he convert to Islam in exchange for his life. Sambhaji Maharaj, being a devout Hindu and a true patriot, refused to bow down. As a result, he was subjected to inhumane torture for days before being brutally executed on March 11, 1689. His fearless resistance and refusal to surrender became a symbol of Maratha pride and defiance.

## Maratha Resistance After Sambhu Raje Death

Sambhaji’s death did not mark the end of the Maratha Empire. Instead, it ignited an even fiercer resistance against the Mughals. His younger brother, Rajaram Maharaj, continued the fight against Aurangzeb with the support of Maratha generals like Santaji Ghorpade and Dhanaji Jadhav. The guerrilla warfare tactics adopted by the Marathas continued to weaken the Mughal forces. Eventually, the Marathas regained their strength and took their revenge, leading to the downfall of Mughal rule in the Deccan.Aurangzeb tried to stop the rising tornado,the Maratha force but wasn't able and after a long struggle left this world but wasn't able to succeed in his missions