OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Jessie Marie Jacobs

Jessie Marie Jacobs Muller Offermann (1890–1954) was an American mathematician who also made contributions to the field of genetics.
Jessie M. Jacobs completed her undergraduate degree at McPherson College. After a year spent teaching high school she was awarded one of the first two fellowships to study graduate-level mathematics at the University of Kansas, where she earned her master's degree in 1916. She earned her Ph.D. in mathematics from the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign in 1919 under the supervision of Arthur Byron Coble. She became an associate professor at Rockford College and then, in 1920, an instructor at the University of Texas at Austin, where she also edited the Texas Mathematics Teachers' Bulletin. Her tenure at the university, along with that of colleague Goldie Printis Horton, is recognized by an annual lecture series.
While at the University of Texas, she met geneticist Hermann Joseph Muller, when he asked her for help modeling the mathematics of mutation in flies. The couple married in 1923. Their son David, who would become a mathematician and computer scientist, was born the following year. Jessie's university appointment was terminated in 1924 against her wishes: her departmental colleagues felt that academia and motherhood were incompatible. Her own teaching career over, Jessie collaborated with her husband in the Drosophila laboratory and co-authored an article with him. Muller would later win a Nobel prize for the research he performed with Jessie's assistance during this period.
The marriage had grown strained, but in 1933 Jessie joined Hermann Muller in Berlin and then Leningrad for a portion of his Guggenheim fellowship. She divorced her husband in 1935 (first in the Soviet Union, then in Texas) and within a few months remarried Carlos Alberto Offermann. He had worked in Hermann Muller's Leningrad laboratory from 1933 to 1934. After marrying Jessie in Texas Carlos returned to his position, now relocated to Moscow, though his wife and stepson were unable to join him. So long as his father remained in the Soviet Union, a Texas judge refused to permit David Muller to leave the state. Jessie made a living in Austin by tutoring university students in mathematics, subletting a room, and supervising a Works Progress Administration group writing a history of Travis County.
In 1938, Carlos Offermann returned to Austin, and the family soon moved to Chicago. Assisted by his wife, Carlos pursued experimental work necessary for his Ph.D. Jessie was diagnosed with tuberculosis, and in 1940 the family moved to California, where they hoped she could recuperate. In 1942, her health had deteriorated and she was forced to enter a sanitarium, and was institutionalized at the time of her death.
# Kanjoor

Kanjoor is a small town near to Aluva and Perumbavoor. It is in Ernakulam district in the state of Kerala, India. The estimated population is 19,712. The town is home to the Thiruvalluvar Temple, dedicated to the poet-philosopher Valluvar. St Sebastian's Church is located here.
# Karad railway station

Karad railway station is a railway station serving Karad city, in Satara district of Maharashtra State of India. It is under Pune railway division of Central Railway Zone of Indian Railways.
It is located at 596 m above sea level and has three platforms. As of 2018, a single broad gauge railway line exists and at this station, 39 trains stop. Kolhapur Airport is at distance of 76 kilometers.
# Ta-wer

Ta-wer (the great land) was the 8th Upper Egyptian ancient nome. Its capital was Thinis, and another important town was Abydos. The exact borders of the nome are not known for sure, but the southern border might have been near Abu Tesht (ancient Pi-djodj). The Northern border was most likely North of Hagarsa where there are Old Kingdom tombs connected with the 8th nome.
Important cemeteries of the nome were found at Naga ed-Deir.
Several nomarchs (provincial governors) are known by name, including Gegi and Khubau.
# Chief of the General Staff

The Chief of the General Staff (CGS) is a post in many armed forces (militaries), the head of the military staff.

## List

* Chief of the General Staff (Abkhazia)
* Chief of General Staff (Afghanistan)
* Chief of the General Staff (Albania)
* Chief of the General Staff (Armenia)
* Chief of the General Staff (Australia)
* Chief of the General Staff (Austria)
* Chief of General Staff of Azerbaijani Armed Forces
* Chief of the General Staff (Kingdom of Bavaria)
* Chief of the General Staff (Bulgaria)
* Chief of the General Staff (Bangladesh)
* Chief of the General Staff (Canada)
* Chief of the General Staff (Chad)
* Chief of the General Staff (China)
* Chief of the General Staff (Croatia)
* Chief of the General Staff (Czech Republic)
* Chief of the General Staff (Czechoslovakia)
* Chief of the General Staff (Denmark)
* Chief of the General Staff (Egypt)
* Chief of General Staff (Ethiopia)
* Chief of General Staff (Georgia)
* Chief of the General Staff (Germany)
* Chief of the General Staff (Guatemala)
* Chief of the General Staff (Hungary)
* Chief of the General Staff (India)
* Chief of the General Staff (Israel)
* Chief of the General Staff (Iraq)
* Chief of the General Staff (Kazakhstan)
* Chief of the General Staff (Kenya)
* Chief of the General Staff (Kyrgyzstan)
* Chief of the General Staff (Kuwait)
* Chief of the General Staff (Lithuania)
* Chief of the General Staff (North Macedonia)
* Chief of the General Staff (Moldova)
* Chief of the General Staff (Montenegro)
* Chief of General Staff (Mozambique)
* Chief of the General Staff (North Korea)
* Chief of the General Staff (Pakistan)
* Chief of the General Staff (Poland)
* Chief of the General Staff (Portugal)
* Chief of the General Staff (Prussia)
* Chief of the General Staff (Russia)
* Chief of the General Staff (Romania)
* Chief of the General Staff (Senegal)
* Chief of the General Staff (Serbia)
* Chief of the General Staff (Slovakia)
* Chief of the General Staff (Slovenia)
* Chief of the General Staff (Somaliland)
* Chief of the General Staff (Sweden)
* Chief of the General Staff (Syria)
* Chief of the General Staff (Taiwan)
* Chief of the General Staff (Tajikistan)
* Chief of the General Staff (Transnistria)
* Chief of the General Staff (Turkey)
* Chief of the General Staff (Turkmenistan)
* Chief of the General Staff (Ukraine)
* Chief of the General Staff (United Kingdom)
** Deputy Chief of the General Staff (United Kingdom)
* Chief of Staff of the United States Army (United States)
* Chief of the General Staff (Uzbekistan)
* Chief of the General Staff (Vietnam)
* Chief of the General Staff (Yugoslavia)
# Jack Carroll (footballer, born 2002)

Jack Carroll (born 20 December 2002) is an Australian rules footballer who plays for the St Kilda Football Club in the Australian Football League (AFL). Jack previously played for the Carlton Football Club. Jack graduated from CBC Fremantle in 2020.

## Early life

Originally from the Chapman Valley, near Geraldton in the Mid West region of Western Australia, in 2020 he moved to finish his schooling at Christian Brothers College, Fremantle and play for East Fremantle in the West Australian Football League colts. He was drafted with the 41st selection in the 2020 AFL draft.

## AFL career
### Carlton

Carroll made his AFL debut in the seventh round of the 2022 AFL season, where he kicked a goal with his first kick. Carroll was delisted at the end of the 2024 AFL Season after 21 matches for Carlton.

### St Kilda

Carroll was signed by St Kilda as a delisted free agent two weeks after being delisted by the Blues.
# List of newspapers in South Dakota

Note to future editors: this article is copied by transclusion into the article "List of newspapers in the United States". Only include links here unless you plan to rewrite that article to use part of the list here, such as for listing only major papers on the main page. Include anything relevant to this page only &#x2D; things that should only show on this page and not be carried back to the main article &#x2D; by placing it between <noinclude&#x3E; </noinclude&#x3E; blocks.
Also, make sure there is nothing &#x2D; no CR &#x2D; before a <noinclude&#x3E; if one is not to be included in the upstream article, or occurs after the </noinclude&#x3E;, or an extra blank line will be sent back to the calling article
This is a list of newspapers in South Dakota.

## Current news publications

* Aberdeen American News - Aberdeen, Daily
* Alcester Union & Hudsonite - Alcester/Hudson, Weekly
* Argus Leader - Sioux Falls, Daily
* Arlington Sun - Arlington, South Dakota
* Bennett County Booster II - Martin
* Beresford Republic - Beresford
* Bison Courier - Bison
* Black Hills Pioneer - Spearfish
* Brandon Valley Challenger - Brandon
* Britton Journal - Britton
* Brookings Register - Brookings
* Capital Journal - Pierre
* Central Dakota Times - Chamberlain
* Clark County Courier - Clark
* Clear Lake Courier - Clear Lake
* Custer County Chronicle - Custer
* Day County Reporter and Farmer - Webster
* Faulk County Record - Faulkton
* Freeman Courier - Freeman
* Grant County Review - Milbank
* Gregory Times-Advocate - Gregory
* Hot Springs Star - Hot Springs
* Huron Plainsman - Huron
* Indian Country Today - Rapid City
* Kadoka Press - Kadoka (1908-1942, defunct)
* Lakota Daily Times - Martin
* Lennox Independent - Lennox
* Madison Daily Leader - Madison
* Meade County Times-Tribune - Sturgis
* Miller Press - Miller
* Miner County Pioneer - Howard
* Mitchell Daily Republic - Mitchell
* Mobridge Tribune - Mobridge
* Moody County Enterprise - Flandreau
* Onida Watchman - Onida
* Parkston Advance - Parkston
* Pioneer Review - Philip
* Plain Talk - Vermillion
* Platte Entreprise - Platte
* Potter County News - Gettysburg
* Prairie Pioneer - Pollock
* Rapid City Journal - Rapid City
* Redfield Press - Redfield
* Sioux Valley News - Canton
* Sisseton Courier - Sisseton
* Sota Iya Ye Yapi - Wilmot
* South Dakota Messenger - Pierre (1912-1914, defunct)
* Southern Union County Leader-Courier - Elk Point
* Timber Lake Topic - Timber Lake
* Todd County Tribune - Mission
* True Dakotan - Wessington Springs
* Vermillion Plain Talk - Vermillion
* Wagner Post - Wagner
* Watertown Public Opinion - Watertown
* West River Eagle - Eagle Butte
* Winner Advocate - Winner
* Woonsocket Sanborn Weekly Journal - Woonsocket
* Yankton Daily Press & Dakotan - Yankton

## Defunct

* Dakota Farmers' Leader (Canton) (1890-19??)
# 1979 Mosfellsheiði air crashes

The 1979 Mosfellsheiði air crashes where two aviation accidents in Iceland that occurred about four hours apart on 18 December 1979 on a heath between Reykjavík and Þingvellir. The first accident occurred when a Cessna F172M Skyhawk aircraft, with four on board, crashed into the heath. The second accident occurred when a Sikorsky HH-3E Jolly Green Giant rescue helicopter of the 67th Aerospace Rescue and Recovery Squadron United States Air Force (USAF), from the Iceland Defense Force at Naval Air Station Keflavik, crashed with three of the injured from the previous accident, two Icelandic doctors and a five-man U.S. crew shortly after takeoff from the first crash site.

## The accidents

On 18 December 1979, a Cessna 172 aircraft, with registration number TF-EKK, took off from Reykjavík Airport with a French pilot, a New Zealander and two Finnish girls who worked as physiotherapists in Reykjalundur, on a sight-seeing tour around Gullfoss and Þingvellir. On its way back it crashed in heavy fog on the Mosfellsheiði heath. At around 15:20, the plane was reported missing and a signal from its emergency transmitter was detected. Shortly afterwards, a search plane discovered the wreckage on the heath, a short distance south of Þingvallarvegur, where it had broken up and turned upside down.
A helicopter from the Defense Force at Keflavík Airport that happened to be on a training mission nearby went to the scene and transported the New Zealander to Reykjavík, while leaving two crew members to attend to the other occupants, whose injuries were more severe, and wait for the Icelandic SAR teams who arrived shortly later. After taking two doctors from Borgarspítalinn, fuel and offloading two of its crewmembers, the helicopter returned to the scene of the accident to pick up the Finns and the French pilot.
Shortly after the helicopter took off again from the scene of the accident, it lost power and crashed to the ground several hundred meters from the wreckage of the Cessna. Rescuers, including photographer Ragnar Axelsson, rushed to the second crash site and were confronted with the mangled remains of the helicopter and Kerosene fumes filling the air. A 19-year old SAR member, Hallgrímur Skúli Karlsson, who was one of the first at the scene managed to prevent a fire in the wreckage by cutting main power of the helicopter. After the second accident, the injured were transported about 1-1.5 km to ambulances that took them to Borgarspítali.

## Aftermath

In the aftermath of the accidents, the lack of equipment of the SAR-units was criticised, especially its lack of two-way radios which was largely a result of the Icelandic governments tariffs that doubled its prices.
# Endre Strømsheim

Endre Solibakke Strømsheim (born 5 September 1997) is a Norwegian biathlete. He has competed in the Biathlon World Cup since 2019.

## Biathlon results

All results are sourced from the International Biathlon Union.

### World Championships

2 medals (2 gold)
| Event | Individual | Sprint | Pursuit | Mass start | Relay | Mixed relay | Single mixed relay |
| 2023 Oberhof | 15th | 22th | 13th | 15th | — | — | — |
| 2024 Nové Město | 21st | 20th | 8th | — | — | — | — |
| 2025 Lenzerheide | 9th | 7th | 8th | Gold | Gold | — | — |

### World Cup

| Season | Overall | Overall | Overall | Individual | Individual | Sprint | Sprint | Pursuit | Pursuit | Mass start | Mass start |
| Season | Races | Points | Position | Points | Position | Points | Position | Points | Position | Points | Position |
| 2018–19 | 1/25 | Did not earn World Cup points | Did not earn World Cup points | Did not earn World Cup points | Did not earn World Cup points | Did not earn World Cup points | Did not earn World Cup points | Did not earn World Cup points | Did not earn World Cup points | Did not earn World Cup points | Did not earn World Cup points |
| 2020–21 | 6/26 | 80 | 52nd | — | — | 29 | 55th | 51 | 37th | — | — |
| 2022–23 | 6/21 | 141 | 36th | 25 | 36th | 50 | 36th | 43 | 39th | 23 | 37th |
| 2023–24 | 21/21 | 700 | 7th | 90 | 10th | 224 | 13th | 289 | 6th | 97 | 17th |

#### Individual podiums

* 3 victories – (1 Pu, 1 MS, 1 Short Ind)
* 5 podiums
| Season | Place | Competition | Placement |
| 2023–24 | Lenzerheide, Switzerland | Pursuit | 2nd |
| 2023–24 | Oberhof, Germany | Sprint | 3rd |
| 2023–24 | Oberhof, Germany | Pursuit | 1st |
| 2024–25 | Kontiolahti, Finland | Short Individual | 1st |
| 2024–25 | Lenzerheide, Switzerland | Mass Start | 1st |

#### Relay podiums

* 4 victories (4 Relays)
* 6 podiums
| Season | Place | Competition | Placement |
| 2022–23 | Nové Město, Czech Republic | Mixed Relay | 3rd |
| 2022–23 | Östersund, Sweden | Relay | 1st |
| 2023–24 | Östersund, Sweden | Relay | 1st |
| 2023–24 | Oberhof, Germany | Relay | 1st |
| 2024–25 | Kontiolahti, Finland | Relay | 2nd |
| 2024–25 | Lenzerheide, Switzerland | Relay | 1st |

### Youth and Junior World Championships

3 medals (1 gold, 2 silver)
| Year | Age | Individual | Sprint | Pursuit | Relay | Mixed relay |
| 2016 Cheile Gradistei | 18 | 7th | Silver | 9th | Gold | — |
| 2017 Brezno-Osrblie | 19 | 21st | 41st | DNS | — | — |
| 2018 Otepää | 20 | 42nd | 34th | 18th | Silver | — |
# Reform Monument

The Reform Monument is a Category B listed monument on Broad Street, at its junction with Longate, in Peterhead, Scotland, built in 1833. A Roman doric column, it is surmounted by arms of Earl Marischal, inspired by the gateway of Inverugie Castle. (Architectural historian Charles McKean wrote that the arms were "robbed" from the castle.)
The Reform Monument should not be confused with the Reform Tower in the Meethill area of Peterhead, built a year earlier.
# Signature Entertainment

Signature Entertainment is a British film distribution and film production company founded in 2011 in the UK.

## Overview

Signature Entertainment was founded in 2011 by Marc Goldberg. The company released over 1,000 films since its inception and became an independent label in the UK. The company's releases include Rami Malek prison escape drama Papillon and Sam Neill comedy Rams, the number 1 UK box-office hit Honest Thief, A Rainy Day in New York starring Timothée Chalamet, the Brian Epstein biopic Midas Man, the Liam Neeson thriller The Ice Road, the festival lauded thriller Bull, and the animated film Ozi: Voice of the Forest.
After executive producing 12 films, in 2018 Goldberg set up Signature Films, the film production arm of the company. Signature Films has produced or co-produced several movies such as Into the Deep, She is Love, The Courier (2019; starring Gary Oldman and Olga Kurylenko), The Hatton Garden Job (starring Larry Lamb, Matthew Goode and Stephen Moyer), Confession (starring Moyer and Colm Meaney) and Final Score (starring Dave Bautista and Pierce Brosnan).
In April 2018, FFI, the holding company of Film Finances Inc. acquired Signature Entertainment which was later re-acquired by its original stakeholders in 2021.
By February 17, 2025, Signature Entertainment picked up the UK and Irish distribution rights for Red Sonja and set a theatrical release of late 2025.

## Film awards

* Screen Award 2015 - Predestination
* Screen Award 2015 - Rising Star
* BASE Award 2016 - Predestination
* BASE Award 2018 - The Hatton Garden Job
# Volleyball at the 1987 Mediterranean Games

In the 1987 Mediterranean Games, one of the games played was volleyball. Spain won the men's division and Albania won the women's.

## Medalists

| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| Men's Competition | Spain | Turkey | Italy |
| Women's Competition | Albania | Turkey | Italy |

## Standings
### Men's competition

| Rank | Team |
| | Spain |
| | Turkey |
| | Italy |
| 4 | Syria |
| 5 | Tunisia |
| 6 | Greece |
| 7 | Lebanon |
| 8 | Cyprus |

### Women's competition

| Rank | Team |
| | Albania |
| | Turkey |
| | Italy |
| 4 | Greece |
| 5 | Syria |
| 6 | Lebanon |
# Philipp Horn

Philipp Horn (born 8 November 1994) is a German biathlete. He competed at the Biathlon World Championships 2020.

## Biathlon results

All results are sourced from the International Biathlon Union.

### World Championships

1 medal (1 bronze)
| Event | Individual | Sprint | Pursuit | Mass start | Relay | Mixed relay | Single mixed relay |
| 2020 Antholz | 21st | 8th | 18th | 24th | Bronze | — | — |
| 2024 Nové Město | 43rd | 25th | | | | — | |
| 2025 Lenzerheide | 7th | 44th | 17th | 13th | Bronze | | |
    *During Olympic seasons competitions are only held for those events not included in the Olympic program.
# The Child Lovers

The Child Lovers: A Study of Paedophiles in Society is a 1983 book by British psychologist Glenn D. Wilson and David N. Cox. The book studies the life experiences and personality traits of seventy-seven members of the Pedophile Information Exchange.
The evaluations and interviews presented in the book were conducted from 1988 to 1989. A third of the original sample who answered the two questionnaires provided by the research authors agreed to further have individualized interviews. The respondents of the questionnaire generally reported negative attitudes toward and adverse experiences with undergoing therapeutic treatments. About half of the book is dedicated to exploring specific case studies.
# ČKD-Praga

ČKD-Praga (Českomoravská-Kolben-Daněk Prague) was a Czechoslovakian aircraft manufacturer. The company was founded in 1915 as an engine manufacturing company, under the designation Praga. The company started designing aircraft in 1930–31 when the designers Pavel Beneš and Miroslav Hajn came to ČKD-Praga from Avia. Their first aircraft was the Praga E-39 from 1931. It was a military trainer, with a production run of 139 aircraft. ČKD-Praga developed several aircraft over the following years, but none exceeded prototype stage.
Jaroslav Šlechta became chief designer in 1934 and designed the Praga E-114 Air Baby aircraft, which became a commercial success. The aircraft was sold to France, Iran, Romania and to Britain. Most of the British aircraft were manufactured locally in Manchester under a licence, by F. Hills & Sons as the Hillson Praga. 126 aircraft were ordered until 1946. Šlechta remained with Praga post war, designing the E-55 general purpose aircraft.
ČKD-Praga developed 17 aircraft designs, of which 7 entered series production.

## List of Praga aircraft

In the 1930s the company referred to designs by the initials of their designers' surnames, for example the BH-39 trainer, designed by Pavel Benes and Miroslav Hajn. The Czech government identified aircraft by manufacturer, each having a letter assigned to them. Praga's was E, so the BH-39 became the E-39.
This list may be incomplete: add to it, with sources if you can.
* E-36
* E-39 trainer - about 139 produced
* E-40 trainer - about 43 produced
* E-41
* E-44 biplane fighter?
* E-45 biplane fighter
* E-51 twin boom fighter
* E-55 post war general purpose
* E-112 post war trainer
* E-114 two seat sports - about 300 produced
* E-115 development of E-114
* E-117 development of E-114
* E-141 development of 41
* E-210 twin pusher tourer
* E-211 post war development of 210
* E-212 post war eight seat development of 210/211; probably not completed
* E-214 four seat tourer
* E-241 advanced trainer biplane - about 95 built
# Wilson Gale-Braddyll

Wilson Gale-Braddyll (baptised 24 February 1756 – 19 November 1818) was a British Member of Parliament.
He was born Wilson Gale, the eldest son of John Gale of Highhead Castle, Cumberland by Sarah, daughter of Christopher Wilson of Bardsea Hall Urswick. Sarah's sister Margaret Wilson was the first wife of the Rev. Roger Baldwin, rector of Aldingham. Through his mother Wilson Gale was to become representative of the family of Braddyll of Conishead Priory near Ulverston, and in consequence he added that name to his own in 1776. The same year he married his second cousin Jane, only child of Matthias Gale of Catgill Hall, Cumberland, by Jane, daughter of Rev. Dr. Thomas Bennett.
Gale-Braddyll was High Sheriff of Lancashire in 1778, MP for Lancaster 1780–1784 and for Carlisle 1790. In 1803 he was appointed Colonel of the 3rd Royal Lancashire Militia (which gained the subtitle 'The Prince Regent's Own' under his command) and Groom of the Bedchamber to the Prince Regent (the King had retired to Windsor mentally ill) in 1812.
Members of the family were painted several times by Joshua Reynolds in 1788 and 1789. A full-length group portrait of Wilson and Jane with their son Thomas is now held by the Fitzwilliam Museum, Cambridge, while a portrait of Mrs. Braddyll hangs in the Wallace Collection.
As well as Thomas (later Thomas Richmond-Gale-Braddyll) the couple had three married daughters. Mrs. Braddyll survived her husband for a little under a year, dying 6 November 1819. They are commemorated by a memorial inscription in Ulverston church.