OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Philip I of Piedmont

Philip I, known as Philip of Savoy (French: Philippe de Savoie, Italian: Filippo di Savoia-Acaia) (1278 – 25 September 1334) was the lord of Piedmont from 1282 until his death and prince of Achaea between 1301 and 1307. He was the son of Thomas III of Piedmont and
Guia of Burgundy.
Philip's first marriage was celebrated in Rome on 12 February 1301 to Isabella of Villehardouin, Princess of Achaea. They had three daughters: Mary, Alice and Margaret. By that marriage, he became Prince of Achaea, though he had already been lord of Piedmont by inheritance from his father in 1282. He was, however, an authoritative prince and this put him at odds with the baronage of his realm. He tried to placate the barons of Morea, but was forced to accept a parliament in 1304. The Greek archonts from Skorta revolted in 1302. In 1307, King Charles II of Naples, the suzerain of Achaea, confiscated the principality and gave it to his son, Prince Philip I of Taranto.
In 1312, Philip married Catherine de la Tour du Pin (died 1337), daughter of Humbert I of Viennois and had issue:
* James of Piedmont
* Eleanor married Manfred V of Saluzzo
* Beatrice married Humbert de Thoire-Villars
* Agnes married John de la Chambre
* Joan married Aimée de Poitiers
* Amadeus, Bishop of Maurienne from 1349-1376
* Thomas, Bishop of Turin from 1351-1360
* Edward, Archbishop of Tarentaise from 1386-1395
* Aimone, married Mencia de Ceva, died 1398, was in Savoyard crusade
* Isabelle, married John, viscount of Maurienne
# Ghasidas

Guru Ghasidas (18 December 1756 – 1850) was the Guru of the Satnam Dharma, a Satnami Saint and a great Scholar from Chhattisgarh in the early 19th century. It was Guru Ghasidas who started preaching in a deep forested part of Chhattisgarh.
Ghasidas was born on 18 December 1756 in Giroudpuri village of Nagpur (present-day village of Giraudpuri at Baloda Bazar in Chhattisgarh) into Satnami caste. Guru Ghasidas was the son of Mahangu Das and Amrautin Mata. Ghasidas preached Satnam particularly for the people of Chhattisgarh. After Guru Ghasidas, his teachings were carried on by his son, Guru Balakdas. Guru Ghasidas is the founder of the Satnami community in Chhattisgarh and also Satnam religion. During his lifetime, the political atmosphere in India was one of exploitation. Ghasidas experienced the evils of the caste system in the early age, which helped him to understand the social dynamics in a caste-ridden society and rejecting social inequality. To find solutions, he travelled extensively across Chhattisgarh.
Guru Ghasidas established Satnami community in Chhattisgarh based on "Satnam" (meaning "Truth") and equality. Guru Ghasidas created a symbol of truth called Jai Stambh – a white painted log of wood, with a white flag on the top. The structure indicates a white man who follows the truth "Satnam" is always steadfast and is the Pillar of Truth (Satya Stambh). The white flag indicates peace.

## Monuments

* The Government of Chhattisgarh renamed a part of Sanjay-Dubri Tiger Reserve after him, that is Guru Ghasidas National Park.
* They also opened a Central University called "Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya."
# Sutton Marks

Gordon Sutton Marks Jr. (born July 11, 1928) is an American politician. He served as a member of the Mississippi House of Representatives.

## Life and career

Marks was born in Jackson, Mississippi. He was a business man, president of the Gordon Marks Advertising Agency and chairman of the Jackson church board.
Marks served in the Mississippi House of Representatives from 1960 to 1968.
# Elkton station

Elkton station is a former passenger rail station located in Elkton, Maryland. The last passenger service to the station was Amtrak's Chesapeake from 1978 to 1983. The brick station building still remains along the Northeast Corridor tracks.

## History
### Pennsylvania Railroad

The Philadelphia, Wilmington, and Baltimore Railroad was completed from Wilmington to Baltimore in 1837 (save for the Susquehanna River ferry), with stops at most population centers including Elkton. A test train ran from Wilmington to Elkton on January 9, 1837, though service did not begin until July 31 of that year. A replacement station was built in 1855. The line became part of the Pennsylvania Railroad (PRR) in 1881.
The line originally ran on a tight curve through the town center, disrupting traffic and creating a collision hazard at grade crossings, as well as acting as a major speed restriction on express trains. In 1934, the PRR moved the line north of the downtown area to ease the curve and eliminate all grade crossings in Elkton. Construction on a new station began in February 1935 and was completed several months later. The new brick depot included baggage and waiting rooms, and a pedestrian passage under the tracks to the southbound platform. By 1938 Elkton was served by 18 trains per day.
Traffic declined after the construction of the Interstate Highway System; stopping service declined to three daily trains by 1963 and ended several years later. The line passed to Penn Central and eventually to Amtrak with all trains passing Elkton without stopping.

### Amtrak

On April 30, 1978, Amtrak began operation of the Chesapeake, a once-daily commuter train between Philadelphia and Washington D.C., which included reopening several closed stations.
On January 1, 1983, the obligation for Conrail to provide commuter service on rail lines it had taken over in 1976 ended. SEPTA Regional Rail took over Philadelphia-area lines, while Amtrak began operating service in Maryland under contract to MARC. Now largely redundant to Amtrak intercity and MARC regional service, the Chesapeake was cut on October 30, 1983. SEPTA's Wilmington/Newark Line ran as far south as Newark, Delaware, while MARC service ran as far north as Perryville, Maryland. Elkton station, the only station in the gap between the two, was abandoned.

### Proposed MARC service

Elkton is proposed to be revived as a station on an extension of MARC's Penn Line to Newark, Delaware.
# Keya Creek

Keya Creek (Chinese: 客雅溪; pinyin: Kèyǎ Xī) is a creek in northern Taiwan. Keya Creek is under the jurisdiction of the Central Management District. It was originally known as Xizhi Creek. The Creek covers Hsinchu County, Baoshan Township and Hsinchu City. Keya Creek starts from Zhudong Hills, then flowing down to the four townships of Shanhu, Baoshan, Daqi, and Shuangxi, then enters into Hsinchu City's Green Grass Lake, Hsinchu plains, then out into Taiwan Strait.

## History

Historically, Hsinchu's rice noodles were produced along Keya Creek, the noodle makers would set out basket for them to dry along the creek.
# Madhusudan (film)

Madhusudan is a Bollywood film. It was released in 1941. It was directed by Balwant Bhatt and starred Badri Prasad.
# Dance Central

Dance Central is a series of rhythm games developed by Harmonix, creators of the Guitar Hero and Rock Band video game series.

## Series
### Dance Central (2010)

Dance Central was released exclusively for the Xbox 360 and was a launch title for its Kinect peripheral. The game was officially announced at E3 2010 and later released in October of that year.

### Dance Central 2

A direct sequel to the previous game, Dance Central 2 was officially announced at E3 2011 during Microsoft's press conference and was released in October of that year.

### Dance Central 3

Dance Central 3 was co-developed by Harmonix and Backbone Entertainment. It was announced at E3 2012 during Microsoft's press conference. The game was released on October 16, 2012 in the Americas, and on October 19, 2012 in Europe, Asia, Australia, and Japan.

### Dance Central Spotlight

Dance Central Spotlight was announced at E3 2014 for Xbox One, and was released on September 2, 2014. Unlike previous installments, it is distributed digitally via the Xbox Games Store; the initial purchase includes 10 songs, with additional songs available as downloadable content on a near-monthly basis. For Spotlight, Harmonix emphasized quicker production of DLC, with a goal of having new DLC songs released while they are still on the music charts.

### Dance Central (2019)

Dance Central (originally titled Dance Central: Unplugged) was published by Oculus Studios. Announced at PAX East 2019 for the Oculus Rift, it was released on April 30, 2019, as a launch title for the Quest and Rift S. Unlike previous instalments, it's a virtual reality title that allows head and hand movement, using the headset and Oculus Touch controllers. The tracklist contains 32 songs as well as avatar customization and online multiplayer lounges.
# Cold Spring station (Metro-North)

Cold Spring station is a commuter rail stop on the Metro-North Railroad's Hudson Line, located in Cold Spring, New York.

## History

The Hudson River Railroad was built through Cold Spring in 1851 in order to expand the Troy and Greenbush Railroad from the Albany area to New York City. HRR was acquired by the New York Central Railroad in 1864, which also built a depot here in 1893. A pedestrian tunnel was added in 1929 connecting the two sections of Main Street, and a road bridge over the tracks was built in 1930, but the station was closed to passengers in 1954, despite remaining in use.
As with all stations along the Hudson Line, it was converted into a Penn Central Railroad station upon the merger of NYC with Pennsylvania Railroad in 1968. Bankruptcy for Penn Central in 1970 forced them to turn passenger service over to the MTA in 1972, the same year that the former station house was converted into a restaurant after spending 18 years as a car dealership.
MTA control of passenger service continued through the period when it was taken over by Conrail in 1976, and then by Metro-North Railroad in 1983. Cold Spring station was one of the last stations within the system to be rebuilt and relocated with high-level platforms, a pedestrian bridge, and elevators. The former station house is within the boundaries of the Cold Spring Historic District. The current Cold Spring station is located slightly south of the old one, still standing at the foot of Cold Spring's Main Street. Walkways on both sides of the tracks connect the old and new station, and the pedestrian tunnel built by New York Central Railroad is still in use by both commuters and local residents.

## Station layout

The station has two high-level side platforms each six cars long.$^{:5}$

## Notable places nearby

* Chuang Yen Monastery
* Hudson Highlands
* Storm King Mountain
# Theodore Runyon

Theodore Runyon (October 29, 1822 – January 27, 1896) was an American politician, diplomat, and American Civil War brigadier general in the New Jersey Militia, serving with the Union Army at the Battle of First Bull Run. Runyon was a lawyer before the Civil War and mayor of Newark, New Jersey, a major general in command of the New Jersey National Guard until 1873, first president of the Manufacturers' National Bank of Newark, chancellor of New Jersey for 14 years and, between 1893 and 1896, envoy and later ambassador to Germany.

## Early life

Theodore Runyon was born in Somerville, New Jersey of Huguenot descent. He was a direct descendant of Vincent Rongion (1644–1713), a Huguenot who was born in Poitiers, France and settled in New Jersey. Theodore Runyon graduated from Yale University, where he helped found Scroll and Key Society. Runyon was admitted to the New Jersey bar in 1846 and began the practice of law in Newark, New Jersey.

## Military service

As a brigadier general in the New Jersey militia, Runyon commanded the Fourth Division of the Army of Northeastern Virginia in June and July 1861. The division was composed of 90-day New Jersey volunteer regiments and new 3-year New Jersey volunteer regiments which had been organized for less than a month. Union Army commander, Major General Irvin McDowell held this division in reserve during the First Battle of Bull Run and they were not engaged in the battle.
Although the Historians John and David Eicher show Runyon in charge of the division and as mustered out of the volunteers on July 31, 1861, they do not show him with a formal Union Army commission. Also, neither the 1906 War Department list of Union Army generals nor Historian Ezra J. Warner's Generals in Blue show Runyon as a commissioned Union Army general rather than or in addition to a New Jersey militia general. Runyon held his position as division commander as a State militia or short-term volunteer general, not as a formally commissioned Union Army general. On February 25, 1862, Runyon was appointed a brevet major general in the New Jersey militia. After the war, he was elected a companion of the Pennsylvania Commandery of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States - a military society of officers of the Union armed forces and their descendants.
Fort Runyon, named in Theodore Runyon's honor, was a timber and earthwork fort constructed by the Union Army following the occupation of northern Virginia in order to defend the southern approaches to the Long Bridge as part of the defenses of Washington, D.C. during that war.

### Later career

From 1864 to 1866, Runyon served as mayor of Newark as a Democrat. He had previously been city attorney and city counsel. Runyon was appointed major general in charge of the New Jersey National Guard, and served in this post until 1873. He was the first president of the Manufacturers' National Bank of Newark until he became chancellor of New Jersey, an office he held for 14 years.
In 1893, Runyon became envoy and later ambassador to Germany, where he died in 1896. He is buried at Mount Pleasant Cemetery in Newark, New Jersey.
# Francis Dalzell Finlay

Francis Dalzell Finlay (12 July 1793 – 10 September 1857) was an Irish journalist.
Finlay was the son of John Finlay, tenant farmer, of Newtownards, County Down, by his wife, Jane Dalzell, was born 12 July 1793 at Newtownards, and began life as a printer's apprentice in Belfast, where he started as a master printer in 1820. The letterpress which issued from his works was distinguished by both accuracy and elegance, being far superior to any that had previously been produced in Ireland.

## Journalism career

In 1824 he founded the 'Northern Whig.' Liberalism being then a very unpopular creed in Ulster, Finlay was frequently prosecuted for press offences. On 21 July 1826 he was indicted for publishing in the 'Northern Whig' a libel tending to bring into disrepute the character of a certain 'improving' landlord. The libel consisted in a letter purporting to be by a small farmer in which the improvements alleged to have been effected by the landlord in question were denied to be improvements at all, and in which a character for litigiousness was imputed to the landlord. Finlay was sentenced to three months' imprisonment, without the option of a fine, and the publication of the 'Northern Whig' was suspended from August 1826 until May 1827.
From the first Finlay advocated the emancipation of the Roman Catholics, and it was in the columns of the 'Northern Whig' that William Sharman Crawford propounded his celebrated views on tenant-right. Some comments in the 'Northern Whig' on the conduct of Lord Hertford's agent led to another prosecution for libel in 1830, which, however, was abandoned when it transpired that Daniel O'Connell had volunteered for the defence. On a similar charge he was found guilty on 23 July 1832 and sentenced to three months' imprisonment and fined 50l. In spite, however, of these proceedings, the 'Northern Whig' continued from time to time to give expression to similar views which were adjudged libellous and occasioned its proprietor very heavy legal expenditure. To the extension of the suffrage, the disestablishment of the Irish church, and the reform of the land laws Finlay through his paper gave a steady and zealous support ; but, though a personal friend of O'Connell, he opposed the movement for the repeal of the union and the later developments of Irish disaffection, such as the Young Irelandism of Mitchell and the agitation which resulted in the abortive insurrection of Smith O'Brien.
The Finlay family entertained the famous author Mark Twain when he visited Ulster.

## Death

He died on 10 September 1857, bequeathing his paper to his younger son, Francis Dalzell Finlay, by whom it was conducted until 1874, when it was transferred to a limited company. Finlay married in 1830 Marianne, daughter of the Rev. William Porter, presbyterian minister, of Newtonlimavady, County Londonderry, his elder son was named William Porter Finlay. Finlay is buried in Clifton Street Cemetery, Belfast.
# Dračice

The Dračice (German: Reißbach, Kastenitzer Bach) is a river in the Czech Republic and Austria, a right tributary of the Lužnice River. It flows through Lower Austria and the South Bohemian Region. It is 51.0 km (31.7 mi) long.

## Etymology

The name Dračice means 'female dragon' in Czech. It refers to the wild character of the river.

## Characteristic

The Dračice originates in the territory of Kunžak in the Javořice Highlands at an elevation of 672 m (2,205 ft) and flows to Suchdol nad Lužnicí, where it enters the Lužnice River at an elevation of 443 m (1,453 ft). It is 51.0 km (31.7 mi) long, of which 30.4 km (18.9 mi) is in the Czech Republic. Its drainage basin has an area of 154.2 km$^2$ (59.5 sq mi), of which 82.9 km$^2$ (32.0 sq mi) is in the Czech Republic.
The average discharge at its mouth is 1.23 m$^3$/s (43 cu ft/s).
The Dračice collects many small tributaries, but lacks significant tributaries. The longest tributaries of the Dračice are:
| Tributary | Length (km) | Side |
| Lunkowitzbach / Lunkovický potok | 8.3 | left |
| Reißbach | 6.8 | right |

## Course

The river flows through the territories of Kunžak, Staré Město pod Landštejnem and Nová Bystřice in the Czech Republic, then through Haugschlag, Reingers, Litschau and Brand-Nagelberg in Austria, and then through Rapšach and Suchdol nad Lužnicí in the Czech Republic.

## Bodies of water

Several fishponds are built on the upper and middle course of the river. The largest of them is Osika with an area of about 67 ha (170 acres). A notable fishpond is Herrensee, located inside the built-up area of Litschau. It has an area of 24 ha (59 acres).

## Nature

The animals that live in the river include European bullhead, stone loach and brook lamprey. Nineteen species of dragonflies live near the water, including the European-wide endangered species green snaketail and golden-ringed dragonfly. The river is a hunting ground for the Eurasian otter, common kingfisher and grey wagtail.
The lower course of the Dračice flows through the Třeboňsko Protected Landscape Area. In addition, a 3.5 km (2.2 mi) long section of the river in this area with its immediate surroundings is protected as a nature reserve. The nature reserve has an area of 8.1 ha (20 acres). The river here forms a typically meandering river valley of a canyon-like character. Endangered and specially protected plant and animal species are bound to the river's aquatic ecosystem.
The last hundreds of metres of the Dračice before its mouth flow through the Na Ivance Nature Reserve, which is primarily focused on the meandering flow of the Lužnice River and the forests in its surroundings.
The area of the Osika fishpond is protected as the Osika Nature Monument. The reason for the protection is the occurrence of the critically endangered species of aquatic flowering plant Littorella uniflora.
The area of the fishpond Mnišský rybník is protected as the Mnišský rybník Nature Monument. The reason for the protection is the occurrence of the endangered species of grass Coleanthus subtilis.

## Tourism

The lower course of the Dračice is suitable for river tourism, but only in spring or after heavy rains.
# Victor Wickerhauser

Mladen Victor Wickerhauser was born in Zagreb, SR Croatia, in 1959. He is a graduate of the California Institute of Technology and Yale University.
He is currently a professor of Mathematics and of Biomedical Engineering at Washington University in St. Louis. He has six U.S. patents and more than 100 publications. One of these, "Entropy-based Algorithms for Best Basis Selection," led to the Wavelet Scalar Quantization (WSQ) image compression algorithm, used by the FBI to encode fingerprint images.
Wickerhauser has been a member of the American Mathematical Society and the Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics and has received the 2002 Wavelet Pioneer Award from SPIE (The International Society for Optical Engineering).

## Selected works

* Adapted Wavelet Analysis from Theory to Software (A K Peters, 1994) ISBN 1-56881-041-5
* Mathematics for Multimedia (Elsevier 2003, ISBN 0-12-748451-5) (Birkhaeuser 2009, ISBN 978-0-8176-4879-4)
* Introducing Financial Mathematics: Theory, Binomial Models, and Applications (Chapman and Hall/CRC 2023) ISBN 978-1-0323-5985-4
# Pietro Bachi

Ignazio Batolo, commonly known as Pietro Bachi, (1787, in Palermo – 22 August 1853, in Boston) was a Sicilian American academic and professor. He was the first professor from Italy teaching at Harvard University.
In 1815, he was involved in an attempt aimed at promoting the claim of Joachim Murat to the throne of the Two Sicilies. As a result of this attempt against the House of Bourbon he was forced to change his name with the alias of Pietro Bachi and escape to England and then to the United States.
In 1826, he became professor of Italian, Spanish and Portuguese language at Harvard University and kept this assignment until 1846. He died in Boston in 1853.

## Biography

Pietro Bachi was born in Palermo in 1787 under the name of Ignazio Batolo to Salvatore Batolo, an important magistrate who served as Procuratore Generale del Re at the Grand Civil Court of Palermo and Judge of the Supreme Court of Sicily, of Messina origin. Following in his father's footsteps, he studied law at the University of Padua and practiced law for a time.
# The Stranger (2021 film)

The Stranger (Arabic: الغريب, romanized: al-Gharīb) is a 2021 Palestinian drama film directed by Ameer Fakher Eldin. It was selected as the Palestinian entry for the Best International Feature Film at the 94th Academy Awards.

## Plot

In occupied Golan Heights, a former doctor experiences an existential crisis before meeting a mysterious soldier.

## Production Companies

* Fresco Films
* Red Balloon

## Cast

* Ashraf Barhom as Adnan
* Mohammad Bakri as Abu Adnan