OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Theodor Zwinger

Theodor Zwinger the Elder (2 August 1533 – 10 March 1588) was a Swiss physician and Renaissance humanist scholar. He made significant contributions to the emerging genres of reference and travel literature. He was the first distinguished representative of a prominent Basel academic family.

## Life and work

Zwinger was the son of Leonhard Zwinger, a furrier who had become a citizen of Basel in 1526. His mother was Christina Herbster, the sister of Johannes Oporinus (Herbster) the famed humanist printer. After Zwinger's father's death, Christina married the noted humanist Conrad Lycosthenes (Wolffhart).
Zwinger studied at the Universities of Basel, Lyon, and Paris before taking a doctorate in medicine at the University of Padua with Bassiano Landi, the successor of Johannes Baptista Montanus. In Paris he studied with the iconoclastic philosopher Petrus Ramus. He joined the faculty of the University of Basel as a member of the consilium facultatis medicae from 1559. At Basel he held successively chairs in Greek (1565), Ethics (1571), and finally theoretical medicine (1580). While originally hostile to Paracelsus, in his later career he took an interest in Paracelsian medical theory for which he experienced some hostility. He associated with Paracelsians such as Thomas Moffet, Petrus Severinus and Claude Aubery.
Zwinger was the editor of the early encyclopedia Theatrum Humanae Vitae (editions 1565, 1571, 1586, 1604). The work is considered "perhaps the most comprehensive collection of knowledge to be compiled by a single individual in the early modern period." He was able to draw on the knowledge base of his stepfather Conrad Lycosthenes in compiling the Theatrum Humanae Vitae.
A Catholicized version of the Theatrum entitled the Magnum theatrum vitae humanae (1631) by Lawrence Beyerlinck was one of the largest printed commonplace books of the early modern era. These two works "may fairly be described as the early modern ancestors of the great dictionnaire raisonné of the eighteenth-century Enlightenment, the Encyclopédie of Diderot."

### Personal life

He seemed to have a difficult to read handwriting and Casiodoro de Reyna once would have liked to travel from Frankfurt to Basel in order for Zwinger to read de Reyna his own letters. The house he resided in, is named Zwingerhouse in his memory. Zwinger's son, Jakob Zwinger, briefly served as his successor as editor of the Theatrum. His descendant Theodor Zwinger the Younger (1597–1654) was a prominent preacher and theology professor.

## Works

* Lycosthenes, Conrad; Zwinger, Theodor. Theatrum vitæ humanæ, Basel, 1565, 1571, 1586, 1596 et 1604, 5 vol. totalling 4376 pages (on line: the 1586 edition) — an early encyclopedia
* Morum philosophia poetica ex Veterum utriusque linguæ poetarum thesauris cognoscendæ veritatis et exercendæ virtutis, Basel, 1575 : vol. 1 (books 1 to 4); vol. 2 (books 5 to 18) — [Poetical philosophy]
* Methodus apodemica in eorum gratiam, qui cum fructu in quocunq[ue] tandem vitæ genere peregrinari cupiunt, Basel, 1577 — an early example of travel literature
# Owen Wright (guitarist)

Owen Wright is an American musician known for playing guitar with the Seattle-based metal bands Mistrust and My Sister's Machine.

## Career

In 1984, Wright formed the band Mistrust along with singer Kevin Wells (later replaced by Jeff L'Heureux from Culprit), guitarist Michael Winston, bassist Tim Wolfe, and drummer Chris Gohde. They released an album in 1986 called Spin the World, which brought them opening gigs with Alice Cooper, Stryper, and Loudness. The band continued touring for another two years before they disbanded in 1988.
A year later, Wright and Gohde formed the band My Sister's Machine along with singer-guitarist Nick Pollock and bassist Chris Ivanovich. Pollock had previously played guitar with the band Alice N' Chains, a precursor to Alice in Chains that also featured Layne Staley on vocals. My Sister's Machine recorded two albums, Diva and Wallflower, and toured with other notable acts such as Alice in Chains, Pantera, and White Zombie. Wright is credited for co-writing the music to almost every song in the band's catalog. Although both albums were largely well received by critics, My Sister's Machine split up in 1994 after Elektra Entertainment folded the label they were under at that time.
Since the breakup, Wright has played guitar in a band called Old Lady Litterbug whose other members were vocalist Love on Ice Dan Krueger, bassist Nick Rhinehart, and drummer Thomas NaDeau. Rhinehart has toured with Alice in Chains members Jerry Cantrell and Sean Kinney in support of Cantrell's first solo album Boggy Depot. Old Lady Litterbug has recorded a seven-track EP called KMG-365 released in 1998.
In 2009, Wright and Gohde reunited with their Mistrust bandmates at the Feedback Lounge in West Seattle for the CD release of Spin the World. The following year they reunited with My Sister's Machine for the 2010 Layne Staley Tribute and Benefit Concert. In 2011, Wright made a guest appearance on Love's Gentle Maw by Tanks of Zen, playing guitar solos on the tracks "Alibi" and "Gravity".

## Discography

| Year | Album details | Band |
| 1986 | Spin the World Released: 1986 Label: C.O.M.A. Heart of Steel | Mistrust |
| 1992 | Diva Released: January 24, 1992 Label: Caroline | My Sister's Machine |
| 1993 | Wallflower Released: August 10, 1993 Label: Chamelon | My Sister's Machine |
| 1998 | KMG-365 (extended play) Released: 1998 Label: Big Bug Productions | Old Lady Litterbug |

### Other appearances

| Year | Album details | Band | Notes |
| 2011 | Love's Gentle Maw Released: September 30, 2011 Label: Headless Records | Tanks of Zen | Guitar solos on the songs "Alibi" and "Gravity" |
# Silver Pozzoli

Silvio Pozzoli (born 19 July 1953), known by his stage name Silver Pozzoli, is an Italian singer, songwriter and musician.

## Career

Pozzoli was part of the Italian band Club House, who released several Italo house records such as "I'm a Man/Yeké Yeké Medley" and "Do It Again Medley with Billie Jean". Several of his singles were top 30 hits across Europe; "Around My Dream" (1985), "Step by Step" (1985) and "Mad Desire" as Den Harrow (1984).
In 1992, Pozzoli released the single "Sing Sing Sing Along (Around My Dream)", a remix of the original 1985 version, in Germany on the ZYX label. The Eurodance single "Don't Forget Me" was released in 1994 in Italy under PL and licensed in Germany under ZYX.
In 2005, Hot Steppaz remixed "Around My Dream"; the single was released in Germany on the Dance Street label. He sung the Italian opening of the anime Hunter × Hunter, composed by Giorgio Vanni.

## Discography
### Albums

* Around My Dream (1987)

### Singles

* 1984 - "Mad Desire" (performed vocals on this song of Den Harrow) - ITA #15
* 1985 - "Around My Dream" - FRA #21, GER #9, NL #21, SWI #25, BEL #20, SA #1
* 1985 - "Step by Step" - NL #18, BEL #19, SA #12
* 1986 - "Around My Dream" (Remix)
* 1986 - "From You to Me"
* 1987 - "Pretty Baby"
* 1987 - "Chica Boom"
* 1987 - "Cross My Heart" (Many Records)
* 1987 - "Take My Heart"
* 1988 - "Let Me Be Your Love" (co-written with David Lyme and released under the name Silver)
* 1988 - "Love Is the Best" (TIME Records)
* 1992 - "With or Without You"
* 1992 - "Sing Sing Sing Along" (ZYX)
* 1993 - "Around My Dream '93"
* 1994 - "Don't Forget Me" (ZYX)
# Ian Thomas (umpire)

Ian Stuart Thomas (born 2 April 1950) is a former Australian cricket umpire. He stood in eight ODI games between 1990 and 1994.
# Stanisław Trembecki

Stanisław Trembecki (8 May 1739 – 12 December 1812) was a Polish Enlightenment poet and translator, well known for his poems Na dzień siódmy września and Nadgrobek hajduka that are said to have started a new trend in Polish political lyric poetry. He was also the poet laureate in the court of Tulchyn, now in Ukraine.
Trembecki wrote odes, fables, and libertine poems in additional to his classical style poetry praising kings and other nobility. He also translated Horace and Tacitus. Trembecki was known as a drunk and a Don Juan and fought a number of duels throughout Europe.
In his writings, Polish poet Apollo Korzeniowski recalls an episode where an obscure Rococo poet, Wojciech (Adalbert) Mier, won Trembecki's translation of the fourth song of Torquato Tasso's Jerusalem Delivered in a game of cards, which Mier then published under his own name.
# Sussex Stakes

The Sussex Stakes is a Group 1 flat horse race in Great Britain open to horses aged three years or older. It is run at Goodwood over a distance of 1 mile (1,609 metres), and it is scheduled to take place each year in late July or early August.

## History

The first version of the event, a 6-furlong race for two-year-olds, was established in 1841. It continued intermittently for thirty-seven years, but it was uncontested on twenty-five occasions including fourteen walkovers.
The Sussex Stakes became a 1-mile race for three-year-olds in 1878. The previous version had been overshadowed by both the Goodwood Cup and the Stewards' Cup, but in its modified form it became the most prestigious race at Goodwood.
The event was opened to four-year-olds in 1960, and to horses aged five or older in 1975.
The race is currently held on the second day of the five-day Glorious Goodwood meeting.

## Records

Most successful horse (2 wins):
* Frankel – 2011, 2012
Leading jockey (8 wins):
* Sir Gordon Richards – Marconigram (1928), Corpach (1936), Pascal (1937), Radiotherapy (1946), Combat (1947), Krakatao (1949), Le Sage (1951), Agitator (1952)
Leading trainer (7 wins):
* Sir Henry Cecil – Bolkonski (1975), Wollow (1976), Kris (1979), Distant View (1994), Ali-Royal (1997), Frankel (2011, 2012)
Leading owner (7 wins):
* Sue Magnier – Among Men (1998), Giant's Causeway (2000), Rock of Gibraltar (2002), Henrythenavigator (2008), Rip Van Winkle (2009), The Gurkha (2016),Paddington (2023)
# Amogha missile

The Amogha-1 (lit. 'Unfailing') is a second generation guided anti-tank missile with a range up to 2.8 km (1.7 mi). It is under development by Research and Development Division of Bharat Dynamics Limited at Hyderabad. It is the first missile designed and tested by Bharat Dynamics. The missile will be produced in two versions. The land version has already been tested. The infrared version of the missile uses a "thermal intelligent vision" to attack its target.

## Testing

* The Amogha-I missile has a range of 2.5 to 2.8 km (1.6 to 1.7 mi). It was reported that two missiles were tested in September 2015 at the Babina Army Range in Madhya Pradesh. Both missiles hit their targets in the test. These tests found no significant difference between this missile and other anti-tank missiles. The performance of the missile is measured by both the gunner and commander of the Advanced Target Acquisition systems.
* On 14 October 2017, the Amogha-II missile was successfully test fired for the first time using a launcher on the ground.
* On 26 March 2023, BDL successfully test fired Amogha-III meeting all mission objectives.
* On 21 February 2024, Indian Army's Battle Axe Division (12 Infantry Division, part of XII Corps) tested the 2.5 km range ATGM in Jaisalmer district. The missile was fired from man portable tripod. The missile uses a tandem high-explosive anti-tank (HEAT) warhead to neutralise vehicles with explosive reactive armour (ERA).

## Variant
### Amogha-II

Amogha-II uses Semi Automatic Command to Line of Sight (SACLOS) with a radio frequency seeker.

### Amogha-III

On 7 February 2020, BDL unveiled third generation man portable Amogha-III ATGM at Defexpo 2020 in Lucknow. The missile has conventional cylindrical body, eight mid-body foldable fins and four larger aft fins for flight stabilization. It is powered by dual-thrust rocket motor with thrust vector control and burns smokeless propellant. The terminal seeker has dual mode imaging infrared (IIR) and electro-optical (EO) assembly. Amogha-III can hit the target at top attack and direct attack mode. Target must be locked before launch. The missile uses an anti-armour tandem warhead that can penetrate 650 mm beyond Explosive Reactive Armour (ERA). Operational range is between 200–2,500 m (0.12–1.55 mi) with 18 kg (40 lb) weight although BDL is planning to reduce it to 15–16 kg (33–35 lb) once the missile hits mass production. The complete system includes missile, tripod and a command launch unit (CLU) with remote operation capability.

## Further Developments

The Amogha will be configured to be used on HAL Rudra and HAL Prachand. Soon it will have land version, an air-launched version and a portable version.
# Marie de Jonge

Eva Maria Alida de Jonge (1872–1951) was a Dutch painter.

## Biography

De Jonge was born on 24 December 1872 in Amersfoort. She studied at the Akademie van beeldende kunsten (Den Haag) (Royal Academy of Art, The Hague) and the Rijksakademie van beeldende kunsten (State Academy of Fine Arts). Her teachers included Lucien Simon and Nicolaas van der Waay.
De Jonge's work was included in the 1939 exhibition and sale Onze Kunst van Heden (Our Art of Today) at the Rijksmuseum in Amsterdam. De Jonge taught at the Internationaal schildersatelier in Amsterdam. Her students included Maria Anna Bleeker, Marianne Franken, Elise Itzkovitch-Kann, Gustave van Kan, Cornelia Rambonnet, and Victoire Wirix. She was a member of Arti et Amicitiae and the Pulchri Studio.
De Jonge died on 19 March 1951 in Zutphen.
# Théo Papamalamis

Théo Papamalamis (born 9 January 2006) is a French tennis player.
Papamalamis has a career high ATP singles ranking of world No. 603 achieved on 24 February 2025. He also has a career high ATP doubles ranking of No. 1229 achieved on 19 August 2024.

## Professional career
### 2024: ATP Tour debut

In May, Papamalamis made his Grand Slam qualifying debut at the French Open, losing to Grégoire Barrère in the first round.
In November, Papamalamis made his main draw debut on the ATP Tour as a lucky loser at the 2024 Moselle Open, losing to Quentin Halys in the first round.

## Performance timeline

Key :
| W | F | SF | QF | #R | RR | Q# | DNQ | A | NH |

### Singles

| Tournament | 2024 | SR | W–L | Win% |
| Grand Slam tournaments |||||
| Australian Open | A | 0 / 0 | 0–0 | – |
| French Open | Q1 | 0 / 0 | 0–0 | – |
| Wimbledon | A | 0 / 0 | 0–0 | – |
| US Open | A | 0 / 0 | 0–0 | – |
| Win–loss | 0–0 | 0 / 0 | 0–0 | – |

## ATP Challenger and ITF Futures/World Tennis Tour finals
### Singles: 3 (0–3)

* Legend
* ATP Challenger (0–0)
* ITF Futures (0–3)
* Finals by surface
* Hard (0–3)
* Clay (0–0)
* Grass (0–0)
* Carpet (0–0)
| Result | W–L | Date | Tournament | Tier | Surface | Opponent | Score |
| Loss | 0–1 | Mar 2024 | M15 Poitiers, France | World Tennis Tour | Hard | Fabien Salle | 7–6$^{(7–9)}$, 4–6, 2–6 |
| Loss | 0–2 | Sep 2024 | M25 Nevers, France | World Tennis Tour | Hard | Viktor Durasovic | 2–6, 4–6 |
| Loss | 0–3 | Jan 2025 | M25 Ithaca, USA | World Tennis Tour | Hard | Patrick Maloney | 6–7$^{(5–7)}$, 4–6 |
# Stereotype (The Specials song)

"Stereotype" is a song by ska/2-Tone band the Specials, released in September 1980 by 2 Tone Records as the first single from More Specials. The single peaked at number 6 on the UK Singles Chart.

## Release and reception

"Stereotype" was released as a double A-side single with "International Jet Set". Representing a change in style, which has since been described as a "post-ska" sound, "Stereotype" details the so-called stereotypical life of a man, while noting that people who exactly fit such a generic description do not actually exist in real life. This is shown in the opening verse: "He's just a stereotype, he drinks his age in pints, he has girls every night, but he doesn't really exist". The More Specials album features an extended dub version of the song, titled "Stereotypes/Stereotypes Pt. 2", with the second part being written by Neville Staple.
The man described in the song likes to spend his nights drinking in pubs with his friends and stays out as late as possible, frequently driving home while intoxicated and having sex with one or more women. When he contracts a sexually transmitted disease, his doctor prescribes a course of medication and orders him not to drink for 17 weeks. Once cured, he goes on a drinking binge, gets into a fight, and winds up in a car chase with the police that ends with him crashing into a lamppost.
Reviewing for Record Mirror, Daniela Soave wrote that "Stereotype" "reminds me of a Dashiell Hammet [sic] film theme. Far more adventurous than usual. It has more depth and consequently will probably take more getting used to. It'll be interesting to see if it goes as high in the charts as its predecessors".

## Track listing

7": 2 Tone / CHS TT 13
* "Stereotype" – 3:50
* "International Jet Set" – 4:12

## Charts

| Chart (1980) | Peak position |
| Ireland (IRMA) | 12 |
| Netherlands (Single Top 100) | 41 |
| UK Singles (OCC) | 6 |
# Gisela Pulido

Gisela Pulido Borrell (born 14 January 1994) is a Spanish kitesurfer. In 2004, she became the sport's youngest world champion, at age 10. She has subsequently won multiple world titles.

## Biography

Gisela Pulido was born in Premià de Mar on 14 January 1994.
She was proclaimed Kitesurfing World Champion for the first time in November 2004, when she was only 10 years old. After this sporting success, she was awarded a Guinness World Record as the youngest kitesurfing world champion in history.
A year later, in October 2005, she won the gold medal in kitesurfing at Gravity Games H2O in Perth, Australia, and a month later, in November 2005, she retained her title as Kitesurfing World Champion in Nouméa, New Caledonia.
In November 2006, Gisela Pulido was proclaimed Kitesurfing World Champion for the third consecutive time at age 12.
In February 2007, she became the youngest ever nominee for a Laureus Award.
Pulido became world kitesurfing champion for the fourth time in a row by winning the event in Germany in August 2007.
In October 2008, she became World Champion for the fifth consecutive time after winning the Chilean event in Matanzas, the tenth round of the Professional Kiteboard Riders Association (PKRA) circuit.
In November 2010, she was proclaimed World Champion in Nouméa, in the penultimate round of the Championship (2010 was the first year with only one official Championship, according to the International Sailing Federation and the International Olympic Committee). In 2011, she repeated her world title victory in the German town of Sankt Peter-Ording, after defeating Polish competitor Karolina Winkowska [de].
In 2017, Gisela Pulido was named Adoptive Daughter of the province of Cádiz.
The places to join the first Olympic Formula Foil competition at the 2024 Olympics were highly valued. The "last chance" contest (French Olympic Week) was held in Hyères in April 2024 when the last five Olympic places were the prizes for kitefoilers. By this time the chosen continental competitors included Fawn Jantawan from Thailand, Catalina Turienzo from Argentina, the Canadian Emily Claire Bugeja, Julie Paturau from Mauritius, New Zealander Justina Kitchen and Pulido.

## Achievements

* 2003: European Junior Champion
* 2004: KPWT freestyle World Champion
* 2005: Wave Master Champion
* 2005: Gravity Games gold medal
* 2005: KPWT freestyle World Champion
* 2006: Spanish Champion
* 2006: KPWT freestyle World Champion
* 2007: Spanish Champion
* 2007: PKRA freestyle World Champion
* 2008: Spanish Champion
* 2008: PKRA freestyle World Champion
* 2009: KPWT freestyle World Champion
* 2010: PKRA freestyle World Champion
* 2010: PKRA waves World Champion
* 2011: PKRA freestyle World Champion
* 2012: PKRA freestyle 3rd place
* 2013: PKRA freestyle World Champion
* 2014: PKRA freestyle 2nd place
* 2015: VKWC freestyle World Champion
# Richard Packard

Richard Packard is an American physicist, a professor emeritus at the University of California, Berkeley, known for discovering Josephson oscillations in superfluids and using related effects to build the first quantum gyroscope with his colleagues. He is also recognized for making the first visualization of quantum vortices as well as conceiving the idea that neutron stars suddenly speed up due to metastability of superfluid vortices in the star's interior. He also suggested a model for the nature of dark matter by drawing an analogy between cosmic strings and quantized vortex lines. His research is primarily focused on the application of quantum fluids.
Packard received his Ph.D. in Physics from the University of Michigan in 1969. After a postdoctoral appointment at the University of California at Berkeley he was appointed to the faculty in 1971. Fellowships and honors include: The Donald Sterling Noyce Prize for Excellence in Undergraduate Teaching, Fellow of the American Physical Society, Fellow of the California Academy of Sciences, Fulbright Scholar and several visiting professorships at universities abroad.
UC Berkeley Website for Richard Packard
Richard Packard Memoir
# Francesco Benedetto Arese Lucini

Francesco Benedetto Arese Lucini, count of Barlassina (14 August 1805 in Milan – 25 May 1881 in Florence) was a key figure of Italian unification, senator of the Kingdom of Italy, knight of the Supreme Order of the Most Holy Annunciation, son of Antonietta Fagnani Arese, and nephew of Francesco Teodoro Arese Lucini.
A descendant of the historic Milanese Arese family, Francesco authored A trip to the prairies and in the interior of North America 1837-1838, a diary of his journey with childhood friend Luis Napoleon Bonaparte, later Napoleone III. He was unofficial ambassador of Count Camillo Cavour in Paris during establishment of the Kingdom of Italy, negotiating concession of Nice and Savoy to France.
# António Alves Martins

António Alves Martins (18 February 1808 – 5 February 1882) was a Portuguese bishop, professor, journalist and politician, he was bishop of Viseu.

## Biography

He joined the Order of St. Francis at age 16, he later went to the University of Coimbra. In 1828, he was expelled, having been accused for the participation of the Porto Liberal Liberation that took place on 16 May.
He headed Jornal Nacional from 1848 to 1849. In 1852, he became a university professor He became Bishop of Viseu in 1862.
He was also leader of the Reformist Party from 1868 to 1869. Later he was acclaimed as Minister to the King in the same year and in 1870.
He later lived in Viseu which he remained until his death at Paço do Fontelo, the old Paço Episcopal in the same diocese.
A statue is named in his honor in Viseu.
# Chris Beatty (cricketer)

Chris Beatty (born 21 October 1952) is an Australian cricketer. He played nine first-class matches for New South Wales between 1977/78 and 1978/79.
# Pertti Lundell

Pertti "Lunkka" Lundell (born 12 August 1952) is a Finnish football manager. He is currently working as a youth coach for a Finnish club Musan Salama.
Lundell has been coaching 11 seasons in the Finnish premier divisions Mestaruussarja and Veikkausliiga. He's been nominated twice as the Finnish Football Manager of the Year. On his player career Lundell played for Pori-based clubs in the lower divisions.

## Honors

Club honors
* Finnish Championship: 1994
Personal honors
* Finnish Football Manager of the Year: 1983, 1994
# Trinidad Moruga scorpion

The Trinidad Moruga scorpion (a cultivar of Capsicum chinense) is a chili pepper native to the village of Moruga, Trinidad and Tobago. In 2012, New Mexico State University's Chile Pepper Institute identified the Trinidad Moruga scorpion as the hottest chili pepper at that time, with heat of 1.2 million Scoville heat units (SHUs).
By 2017, according to Guinness World Records, the hottest pepper was the Carolina Reaper, with 1.6 million SHU.

## Overview

The yellow cultivar of the Trinidad Moruga Scorpion was created by Wahid Ogeer of Trinidad.$^{:209}$
Paul Bosland, a chili pepper expert and director of the Chile Pepper Institute, said, "You take a bite. It doesn't seem so bad, and then it builds and it builds and it builds. So it is quite nasty."
Aside from the heat, the Trinidad Moruga scorpion has a tender fruit-like flavor, which makes it a sweet-hot combination.