OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Israel–United States Free Trade Agreement

The United States–Israel States Free Trade Agreement (FTA) is a trade pact between the State of Israel and the United States of America established in 1985 to lower trade barriers in some goods. The agreement reduces rates of duty, and in some case eliminates all duties, on merchandise exported from Israel to the United States. The agreement also covers merchandise exported from the Gaza Strip and the West Bank.
The U.S.–Israel FTA was the first such free trade agreement entered into by the United States. It is the only FTA the United States has signed that does not include a chapter on intellectual property rights, which have become a staple of all subsequent U.S. trade treaties.

## History

Negotiations for the pact began January 1, 1984, and concluded February 1, 1985. The pact was signed on April 22, 1985. Implementing legislation was introduced into the U.S. Congress on April 29 by Rep. James C. Wright, Jr. (D–Texas). This legislation was approved by the U.S. House of Representatives on May 7 by a 422–0 vote, and by the U.S. Senate on May 23 by a voice vote. The pact was signed into law by President Ronald Reagan on June 11, and implemented on September 1.
On January 1, 1995, all products produced in Israel that were eligible for reduced duty under the agreement became duty-free.

## Israel-United States bilateral economic relationship

The FTA between Israel and the United States was signed to set an example to the rest of the world to move forward with trade liberalization. The United States goals were to create bilateral economic relations with Israel beyond military support, reduce Israel's dependence on U.S. assistance, and strengthen the Israeli economy. Israel’s goals of the FTA were to secure a large trading market outside of the Arab boycotting region due to political conflicts, build trade with higher income countries to reduce debt, and to strengthen ties between the United States beyond economic means.
Under the bilateral economic relationship, the United States is Israel’s largest trading partner and Israel is the United States's 24th largest trading partner. With an $8 billion U.S. goods trade deficit in 2014, the United States' total goods imported were $23 billion and total goods exported were $15 billion. The top United States-Israel imports and exports are precious stones/diamonds, machinery, pharmaceutical products, medical investments, and agriculture products. United States leading imports from Israel in 2014 were $9.4 billion in diamonds and $4.6 billion in pharmaceuticals. Machinery, electric machinery, and optic/medical instruments imports were all around $1.5 billion in 2014.
# Koyonkara

Koyonkara is a small village situated in Trikarpur Panchayath of Kasaragod district, Kerala, India. It constitutes the main part of North Trikarpur Village.

## Education

The North Trikarpur ALP School is situated at Koyonkara.
Other near by educational institutions are :-
* VPP Mohd Kunhi Patelar Smarka GVHSS Trikaripur
* EK Nayanar memorial Govt. Polytechnic College
* Udinoor Govt. Higher Secondary School
* Government Higher Secondary School south trikaripur, Elambachi
* St Pauls' AUPS
* Maithani GLPS
* Nehru Arts & Science College Kanhangad
* Payyannur College
* North Malabar Institute of Technology
* Academy of Medical Science Pariyaram
* Sanskrit College Payyannur
* Govt. Ayurveda College
* St. Pius College, Ranipuram
* Rajas College, Neelwshwaram
* Govt. College, Cheemeni etc.

## Health

The government ayurvedic hospital is situated at Koyonkara.
The Taluk Government Hospital, Trikarpur, situated at Thankayam is one of the major hospital near to Koyonkara.
There is a private eye hospital in the village.

## Community life

Hindu, Muslim and Christianity are the main religions. Koyonkara Poomalakkavu Temple, Koyonkara Pallikal Bhagavathi Temple, Koormba Bhagavathi Temple (Cheermakkavu), Kunhalin Keeshil, vadakumbad juma masjid etc. are the main holy places.
Poomalakavu is famous for "Paatulsavam", Poorakali and Marathukali.
There are many clubs and social organizations working. It includes Malayala Kalavedi, Red Force Arts Sports Club, Vadakumbad arts & sports club (vasc) & Udaya Surya etc.

## Transportation

Local roads have access to NH.66 which connects to Mangalore in the north and Calicut in the south. The nearest railway station is Trikarpur on Mangalore-Palakkad line. There are airports at Mangalore and Kannur.
# Ulukışla District

Ulukışla District is a district of the Niğde Province of Turkey. Its seat is the town of Ulukışla. Its area is 1,375 km$^2$, and its population is 18,983 (2022).

## Composition

There is one municipality in Ulukışla District:
* Ulukışla
There are 38 villages in Ulukışla District:
* Alihoca
* Altay
* Ardıçlı
* Başmakçı
* Bayağıl
* Çanakçı
* Çiftehan
* Çifteköy
* Darboğaz
* Elmalı
* Eminlik
* Emirler
* Gedelli
* Gümüşköy
* Güney
* Hacıbekirli
* Handere
* Hasangazi
* Horoz
* Hüsniye
* İlhanköy
* İmrahor
* Karacaören
* Kılan
* Koçak
* Kolsuz
* Köşkönü
* Kozluca
* Madenköy
* Ovacık
* Porsuk
* Şeyhömerli
* Tabaklı
* Tekneçukur
* Tepeköy
* Toraman
* Ünlüyaka
* Yeniyıldız
# Lianyungang Huaguoshan International Airport

Lianyungang Huaguoshan International Airport (IATA: LYG, ICAO: ZSLG) is an airport serving the city of Lianyungang in East China’s Jiangsu province. Opened on 2 December 2021, it is Lianyungang's main airport, with the existing dual-use Lianyungang Baitabu Airport becoming a dedicated military air base.
Huaguoshan Airport is located in Xiaoyi Town, Guanyun County, about 21.5 kilometres (13.4 mi) from the city center of Lianyungang. It is named after Mount Huaguo (Huaguoshan), a major tourist attraction in Lianyungang.
The airport have a runway that is 2,800 metres (9,200 ft) long and 45 metres (148 ft) wide (class 4D). It is projected to handle 2.5 million passengers and 20,000 tons of cargo after completion. The passenger movements of the Airport in 2023 were 1,447,802, making it the 87th busiest airport in China.

## Airlines and destinations

| Airlines | Destinations |
| 9 Air | Changchun, Guangzhou |
| Air China | Beijing–Capital, Chengdu–Tianfu, Chongqing |
| Beijing Capital Airlines | Wenzhou |
| Chengdu Airlines | Chengdu–Shuangliu, Haikou, Shenyang |
| China Eastern Airlines | Beijing–Daxing, Changchun, Dalian, Kunming, Lhasa, Nanchang, Xi'an |
| China Express Airlines | Chongqing, Taizhou, Zhoushan |
| China Southern Airlines | Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Taiyuan |
| Colorful Guizhou Airlines | Guiyang |
| Donghai Airlines | Dalian, Shenzhen |
| GX Airlines | Haikou, Quanzhou |
| Hainan Airlines | Lanzhou, Shijiazhuang |
| LJ Air | Harbin, Nanning |
| Loong Air | Lanzhou, Ningbo |
| Shanghai Airlines | Shanghai–Pudong |
| Shenzhen Airlines | Nanning, Quanzhou |
| XiamenAir | Changsha, Fuzhou, Harbin, Ordos, Xiamen |
# Stewards (paramilitary organisation)

The Stewards, also informally referred to as Blackshirts, were the paramilitary wing of the British Union of Fascists (BUF). They served a similar role as the Blackshirts of the National Fascist Party of Italy and also wore black uniforms. The Stewards were officially an organization of guards to protect Oswald Mosley and eject groups of hecklers from the audience of speeches by BUF officials. In practice, the Stewards physically assaulted hecklers and political opponents with truncheons of rubber or lead.

## Violence at Olympia: June 1934

During a gathering of 12,000 BUF members at Olympia on 7 June 1934, the Stewards counterattacked an antifascist attempt to disrupt a speech by Mosley. The continuous violent outbreaks between communists and the defending Stewards led to Lord Rothermere, the owner of the Daily Mail, to withdraw the support of his paper, mainly out of pressure of government officials. The resulting poor publicity from left-wing newspapers also led to a decline in BUF membership.
# Aslan Duz-e Sharqi Rural District

Aslan Duz-e Sharqi Rural District (Persian: دهستان اصلاندوز شرقی) is in the Central District of Aslan Duz County, Ardabil province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Aq Qabaq-e Sofla, whose population at the time of the 2016 National Census was 978 people.

## History

In 2019, Aslan Duz District was separated from Parsabad County in the establishment of Aslan Duz County, and Aslan Duz-e Sharqi Rural District was created in the new Central District.
Other villages in the rural district include Mahbub Kandi and Omranabad.
# CUNY School of Labor and Urban Studies

The CUNY School of Labor and Urban Studies (also known as CUNY SLU) is a public undergraduate, graduate, and professional school in New York City associated with the City University of New York system. Founded in 2018 as an outgrowth of the Joseph S. Murphy Institute for Worker Education and Labor Studies, the Murphy Institute is now one of incorporated programs at the School of Labor and Urban Studies, which provides undergraduate and graduate degrees in Labor Studies and Urban Studies, as well as certificate programs and workforce development for members of labor unions. It publishes the journal New Labor Forum.

## History

The CUNY School of Labor and Urban Studies was established in 2018 as an outgrowth of the Joseph S. Murphy Institute for Worker Education and Labor Studies, otherwise known as The Murphy Institute. The Murphy Institute was first established in 1984 at Queens College in collaboration with three New York City labor unions for the purposes of providing worker education to labor union members. In 2005, the Murphy Institute was incorporated into the CUNY School of Professional Studies, expanding to provide undergraduate and graduate degrees.
Though New York labor unions had been petitioning for the Murphy Institute to become its own stand-alone school since 2012, when the New York State AFL–CIO passed a resolution endorsing the proposal, it was only until Governor Andrew Cuomo added $1.5 million to the state budget in 2018 that funding was available.

## Faculty

Among the faculty include:
* Mimi Abramovitz
* Steven Attewell
* Kafui Attoh
* Juan Battle
* Deepak Bhargava
* Stephen Brier
* Ellen Dichner
* Francis Fox Piven
* Joshua Freeman
* Stephanie Luce
* Ruth Milkman
* John Mollenkopf
* James Steele
# New Jersey Civic Information Consortium

The New Jersey Civic Information Consortium (NJCIC) is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit that funds initiatives to benefit the State's civic life information needs. They hope to address the growing problems of news deserts and misinformation.
NJCIC is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit that funds initiatives to benefit the State's civic life information needs in collaboration with one of the five members of the consortium: The College of New Jersey, Montclair State University, the New Jersey Institute of Technology, Rowan University and Rutgers University. Successful grant applications must propose a collaboration connecting at least one off-campus partner with at least one of the five higher-education partners to address the growing problems of news deserts and misinformation. Projects should improve the civil information available in the state, make it easier for residents to access public information, train people in community storytelling, journalism, and media production, improve civic engagement and dialogue, support underserved communities, and invest in research to improve the responsiveness of media to their audiences.

## Background

In 2016 the U.S. Federal Communications Commission (FCC) took steps to improve mobile services like AT&T and Verizon by converting to that use portions of the electromagnetic spectrum that had been used by broadcasters. The 501(c)(3) Free Press and it's 501(c)(4) advocacy arm, the Free Press Action Fund, began organizing in New Jersey to convince the state government that these are public media assets, and the proceeds should be used to improve locally available media.
This FCC project ended in 2017 with 175 U.S. broadcasters selling their frequencies for a total of $10 billion. As part of this sale, New Jersey received $332 million for two public broadcasting television stations, and the government agreed that some of that money should be used to improve the information and media available to the public.
The organizing effort by Free Press and others secured passage of New Jersey's Civic Information Consortium bill in 2018, but no money was allocated for it. It faced strong opposition from conservatives opposed to public funding of media, especially in the Assembly; it had bipartisan support in the New Jersey state Senate with only one "Nay" to 35 "Yea" votes (and 4 "Other").
In September 2020, the New Jersey Governor signed a budget that included $500,000 for the New Jersey Civic Information Consortium.

## Launch

On March 3, 2021, the New Jersey Civic Info Consortium invited proposals for projects for the first time. This followed listening sessions in every county in the state, along with other meetings with journalists and community members and a statewide survey to better understand the public's information needs. These initial grants were to be capped at $35,000. June 3, 2021, the NJCIC announced awards to 14 of 74 applicants.

## Similar efforts elsewhere

Free Press is working to develop similar projects in other states under their "News Voices" program. One in North Carolina began in 2017. Another was initiated in Philadelphia in 2019.
# Abdullah Ali (sport shooter)

Abdullah Ali is a Bahraini sports shooter. He competed in the men's 50 metre rifle, prone event at the 1984 Summer Olympics.
# Gatt (surname)

Gatt is a surname of Scottish as well as Southeast German origin, which can also be found in Malta.
In Bavarian speaking areas of Germany and Austria the name may derive from the Middle High German word gate (cf. German Gatte: husband, male spouse) for "companion", whereas in Scotland a derivation from the surname Gault or the Middle English gate meaning road, thoroughfare or passage, referring to a family's residence near a main road, is possible. As a Maltese surname it may be derived from the Italian ″gatto″ (engl.: cat) or the female given name Agata.
Notable people with the name Gatt include:
* Austin Gatt (born 1953), Maltese politician
* Clifford Gatt Baldacchino (born 1988), Maltese international footballer
* Jade Gatt (born 1978), Australian actor
* Joseph Gatt (born 1974), English actor
* Josephine Gatt Ciancio (born 1946), Maltese social scientist
* Joshua Gatt (born 1991), American soccer player
* Juri Gatt (born 2001), Austrian luger
* Martin Gatt (born 1937), British classical bassoonist
# Llandudno Amateurs (2017) F.C.

Llandudno Amateurs F.C. are a Welsh football club from Llandudno, Conwy County Borough, North Wales. They play at Maesdu Park, which is also the home of Llandudno F.C., and are members of the North Wales Coast East Premier Division.

## History

Formed in 2017, the club having gained two back-to-back promotions as champions of the Vale of Clwyd and Conwy Football League Premier and First divisions. They have also been noted for their 5–2 Welsh Cup win in 2018 over Greenfield.
The club previously played at The Oval, alongside Llandudno Athletic, but moved away from the ground due to poor facilities.

## Honours

* Vale of Clwyd and Conwy Football League Premier Division - Champions: 2018–19.
* Vale of Clwyd and Conwy Football League First Division - Champions: 2017–18
* North Wales Coast East Football League Division One - Runners-up: 2023–24
* President's Cup - Runners-up: 2017–18
# 2013 National Premier Leagues Grand Final

The 2013 National Premier Leagues Grand Final was the first National Premier Leagues Grand Final. It was played on 13 October 2013 at KGV Park in Glenorchy between South Hobart and Sydney United 58. Sydney United 58 won 2–0 to secure their inaugural National Premier Leagues title.

## Route to the final

| Quarter-finals | Quarter-finals | Quarter-finals | Semi-finals | Semi-finals | Semi-finals | Grand Final | Grand Final | Grand Final |
| No Participant | No Participant | | | | | | | |
| South Hobart | South Hobart | | | | | | | |
| South Hobart | South Hobart | | South Hobart | South Hobart | 3 | | | |
| | | | Campbelltown City | Campbelltown City | 1 | | | |
| Campbelltown City | Campbelltown City | | Campbelltown City | Campbelltown City | 1 | | | |
| No Participant | No Participant | | | | | | | |
| No Participant | No Participant | | | | | South Hobart | South Hobart | 0 |
| | | | | | | Sydney United 58 | Sydney United 58 | 2 |
| Olympic FC | Olympic FC | | | | | | | | Sydney United 58 | Sydney United 58 | 2 |
| No Participant | No Participant | | | | | | | |
| No Participant | No Participant | | Olympic FC | Olympic FC | 3 | | | |
| | | | Sydney United 58 | Sydney United 58 | 4 | | | |
| Sydney United 58 | Sydney United 58 | 2 | Sydney United 58 | Sydney United 58 | 4 | | | |
| Canberra FC | Canberra FC | 1 | | | | | | |

## Match

| GK | 1 | Matthew Ferguson | | |
| RB | 2 | Liam Scott | | |
| CB | 5 | Hugh Ludford (c) | | |
| CB | 3 | Lucas Hill | | |
| LB | 18 | Cameron Williams | | |
| RM | 7 | Shae Hickey | | |
| LM | 20 | Caleb Ludlow | | |
| RW | 13 | Chris Hunt | | 76' |
| CAM | 17 | Nick Morton | | 74' |
| LW | 9 | Kostas Kanakaris | 77' | |
| ST | 10 | Jordan Templin | |
| Substitutes: ||
| GK | 21 | Kane Pierce | |
| DF | 4 | Cameron Rogers | | 74' |
| MF | 6 | Josh Fielding | | |
| FW | 11 | Ben Hamlett | 81' | 76' |
| FW | 14 | Matt Lewis | | |
| MF | 15 | Josh Fielding | | |
| DF | 16 | Mizael Linhares Caires | | |
| FW | 19 | Colin Wain | | |
| Manager: ||
| Ken Morton ||
| GK | 1 | Paul Henderson | | |
| RB | 4 | Nathan Sherlock | | |
| CB | 20 | Ibrahim Haydar | | |
| CB | 3 | Ben Jurmin | | |
| LB | 23 | Ante Tomic | 90+3' | |
| DM | 2 | Mitchell Speer | | |
| RM | 6 | Mitchell Stamatellis | | |
| LM | 19 | Matthew Bilic | | 86' |
| RW | 8 | Yuichi Yamayuchi | | 65' |
| ST | 11 | Luka Glavas (c) | | 78' |
| LW | 18 | Glen Trifiro | 86' | |
| Substitutes: ||
| GK | 30 | Jordan Jennings | | |
| DF | 5 | Calum O'Connell | | |
| FW | 7 | Mirjan Pavlović | | 76' |
| FW | 9 | Robert Mileski | | 65' |
| DF | 12 | Tomislav Herceg | | |
| MF | 15 | Anthony Tomelic | | |
| DF | 16 | Stjepan Paric | | |
| DF | 21 | Theo Kofinas | | |
| FW | 22 | Daniel Barac | | 86' |
| Manager: ||
| Mark Rudan ||
| Assistant referees: Adam Coombes Jimmy Hortle Fourth official: Brenton Kopra | Match rules 90 minutes. 30 minutes of extra time if necessary. Penalty shoot-out if scores still level. Maximum of three substitutions. |
# Santha Rama Rau

Santha Rama Rau (24 January 1923 – 21 April 2009) was an Indian-born American writer.

## Early life and background

While Santha's father was a Chitrapur Saraswat Brahmin from Canara whose mother-tongue was Konkani, her mother was a Kashmiri Brahmin from the far north of India, who had however grown up in Hubli.
In her early years, Rama Rau lived in an India under British rule. When aged 5 and a half, with her 8-year-old sister Premila, she briefly attended an Anglo-Indian School where the teacher anglicized their names. Santha's name was changed to Cynthia and her sister's was changed to Pamela. The environment there they found to be condescending, as their teacher told them that "Indians cheat". They walked home, and never returned to that school. The incident was recounted in Rama Rau's short memoir entitled "By Any Other Name".

## Career

When India won its independence in 1947, Rama Rau's father was appointed as his nation's first ambassador to Japan. While in Tokyo, Japan, she met her future husband, an American, Faubion Bowers. After extensive traveling through Asia and a bit of Africa and Europe, the couple settled in New York City, New York. Rama Rau became an instructor in the English language faculty of Sarah Lawrence College, Bronxville, New York, in 1971, also working as a freelance writer.
She adapted the novel A Passage to India, with author E. M. Forster’s approval, for the theater. The play of the same name was produced for the Oxford Playhouse, Oxford, United Kingdom, moved to the West End in London, United Kingdom, in 1960 for 261 performances, and then on to Broadway in New York City where it was staged 109 times. It was adapted by John Maynard and directed by Waris Hussein for BBC television's Play of the Month in 1965. Although the film rights originally required Rama Rau to write the screenplay, director David Lean found her draft unsatisfactory and was able to reject it, although she is still credited in the titles because he still used some of her dialogue.
Rama Rau is the author of Home to India, East of Home, This is India, Remember the House (a novel), My Russian Journey, Gifts of Passage, The Adventuress, (a novel), View to the Southeast, and An Inheritance, as well as co-author (with Gayatri Devi) of A Princess Remembers: the memoirs of the Maharani of Jaipur.

## Personal life

She married Faubion Bowers in 1951 and had one son, Jai Peter Bowers in 1952. The couple divorced in 1966. In 1970, Rama Rau married Gurdon B. Wattles, and had no children. Faubion Bowers died in November 1999.
# Olivier Desmarais

Olivier Desmarais is a Canadian businessman and philanthropist. Desmarais is chairman of Power Sustainable, a global alternative asset manager.  He is also Senior Vice-President of Power Corporation of Canada and Power Financial since 2017.

## Early life and education

Desmarais was educated at Selwyn House School and holds a Bachelor of Civil Law degree from the University of Ottawa and a Bachelor of Arts in Sociology and Political Science from McGill University.

## Career

He has been a member of the Québec Bar since 2009. Desmarais became Vice-President Power Corporation of Canada and Power Financial in 2017. Since January 2017, he has been Senior Vice President of Power Corporation of Canada and Power Financial. Through his current role, Mr. Desmarais is highly involved with Power Energy Corporation, In November 2018, Desmarais was named Chair of the Canada-China Business Council (CCBC). Desmarais is a Director of Canada Life, IG Wealth Management and Mackenzie. He has been Chairman of Power Energy Corporation since 2015 and is a director of Lumenpulse.

## Philanthropy

Desmarais is a board member of the Montreal General Hospital Foundation, and the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research. Desmarais is a member of the Voltigeurs de Québec.

## Personal life

He is the son of André Desmarais and the grandson of Paul Desmarais and former Canadian Prime minister Jean Chrétien.
# Bill Clowers

William Perry Clowers (August 14, 1898 – January 13, 1978) was an American professional baseball player. Listed at 5 feet 11 inches (1.80 m) and 175 pounds (79 kg), he batted and threw left-handed.
Born in San Marcos, Texas, Clower's professional career spanned 1926–1932.
Clowers played briefly for the Boston Red Sox during the 1926 season as a relief pitcher. In two appearances, made on July 20 and 21, Clowers posted a 0.00 earned run average (ERA) without a decision in 1+2⁄3 innings pitched.
Clowers died in Sweeny, Texas, at the age of 79. He was buried in Rosedale Cemetery in Ada, Oklahoma.