OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Kurt Küttner

Kurt Küttner (1907 – 1964) was an SS-Oberscharführer (Staff Sergeant) who served at Treblinka extermination camp, arrested and charged with war crimes at the Treblinka trials twenty years after the war ended.

## Career

Before World War II, Kurt (Fritz) Küttner worked for many years as a warden in the German police. During Operation Reinhard in occupied Poland he was in charge of the lower camp of Treblinka II Totenlager, where he became one of the most feared and hated SS officers. He would follow people around, stop them and search for money, pictures or any family mementos that the prisoners would try to hide on their person. If he caught someone carrying anything, he would beat the prisoner cruelly and send him to the Lazarett, or infirmary, where the prisoner was killed. In his capacity as commander of the Lower Camp and over the Jewish prisoners, he wanted to know exactly what was going on throughout his jurisdiction. He therefore exploited the weakness or baseness of some of the prisoners and turned them into informers. He received the nickname "Kiwe" from the prisoners.
Küttner ordered the worker Jews (Arbeitskommando) who worked in the Lazarett of his lower camp to wear armbands bearing the red cross emblem, so as to deceive the true nature of the "infirmary" as a killing station.
As recalled by SS-Unterscharführer (Corporal) Franz Suchomel:
   From one of the transports that arrived in October 1942, Küttner removed ten or twelve young boys and put them to work at various service tasks in the camp. One of the boys he appointed capo [sic] of the group. After about three weeks, the boy was caught giving gold coins to one of the Ukrainians, and Küttner had him, along with all the other boys in the group, taken to the gas chambers.
Küttner was also in charge of whipping prisoners at the evening roll call. Samuel Willenberg, one of the prisoners at Treblinka, recounts how this went:
   When we had finished our rendition, Kiwe recited the numbers of the prisoners due for lashing on their naked posteriors that day. Each such prisoner would be tied to the stool and given twenty-five lashes with a whip as he [Küttner] counted the blows aloud.
After Operation Reinhard ended Küttner also served in the SS in Italy. After the war, Küttner, along with ten other former SS officers from Treblinka, was arrested and charged at the Treblinka trials, but he died in 1964 before the trial began.
# Normand House

The Normand House is a historic residential property at 163-65 Intervale Avenue in Burlington, Vermont. Built in 1869 as a single-family and enlarged into three units in 1890, it is a well-preserved example of period worker housing. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2008.

## Description and history

The Normand House stands near the northern end of Burlington's Old North End neighborhood, on the west side of Intervale Avenue between Willow and Oak Streets. It is a two-story wood-frame structure, with a nearly flat shed roof, clapboarded exterior, and stone foundation. The building's architectural styling is limited to brackets in its eaves and a decorative spindled valance on the front porches. A covered stairway extends up the back of the right side, providing access to the rear unit of the building. The interior, significantly altered since the building's early construction, nevertheless retains some early woodwork.
The front portion of the house is its oldest, built in 1869 by Louis LaValle, a developer, for his personal use, and was one of the first houses built in the area. About 1890 it was converted into three units, raising the main block's roof from a gable to its present shed-roof configuration, and building a large ell onto the rear. It is from this period that the Queen Anne stylistic elements were added to the exterior. The original rear of the property, facing St. Mary's Street, had a second house built on it and was separated from this lot. The building was used as rental housing for workers for most of the 20th century.
# Peter Riegel

Peter Riegel (January 30, 1935 – May 28, 2018) was an American research engineer who developed a mathematical formula for predicting race times for runners and other athletes given a certain performance at another distance. The formula has been widely adopted on account of its simplicity and predictive accuracy.

## Life and career

Riegel gained a BS in mechanical engineering from Purdue University in 1959 and his masters from Villanova University in 1966.
Riegel was a research engineer at Battelle Memorial Institute in Columbus, Ohio, researching the development of deep-sea diving equipment as well as air flow in coal mines. He published numerous articles on waste-water treatment, underwater life support, motorcycle mechanics and distance running.
Riegel founded and edited Measurement News, the newsletter of the Road Running Technical Council of USA Track & Field. He helped in the creation of the RRTC when USATF was first being organized, and served as its chairman until 2002. He headed the US team to design and measure the marathon courses for the 1984 and 1996 U.S. Olympics, as well as the U.S. Men's Olympic Marathon Trials race held in Columbus in 1992. He was also a founding member of the Association of Road Racing Statisticians.
Riegel held a patent for an automatic trip fill nozzle and another for an exhaust regulator valve for push-pull diving system.
Riegel died in Columbus on May 28, 2018, at the age of 83.

## Race time prediction

In a 1977 article for Runner's World Magazine, Riegel proposed a simple formula for comparing relative performances at different distances. The formula is most commonly quoted as:$T_{2}=T_{1}\left({\frac {D_{2}}{D_{1}}}\right)^{1.06}$where:
* $T_{1}$ is the time achieved for $D_{1}$
* $T_{2}$ is the time predicted for $D_{2}$
* $D_{1}$ is the distance over which the initial time is achieved
* $D_{2}$ is the distance for which the time is to be predicted
Riegel expanded on his thesis in a 1981 article for American Scientist, stating that the formula $t=ax^{b}$ concerns activities in the "endurance range", namely lasting between 3.5 and 230 minutes. The analysis deals with running, swimming and walking.
The simplicity of the formula and its predictive accuracy has resulted in it being adopted widely by websites such as Runner's World. Some sites have modified it, stating that the value of 1.06 given for the exponent b in the formula results in seemingly unachievable predictions for longer distances.

## Publications

* Riegel, Peter (1971). Summary Report on Development and Construction of an Improved Line Stopper: To American Gas Association, Inc. Battelle Memorial Institute, Columbus Laboratories.
* Riegel, Peter (1972). Improvements to the Control Block of the Mark VI Mod 2 SCUBA. Defense Technical Information Center.
* Riegel, Peter (1977). Divers Heating Hose Comparison Study. Defense Technical Information Center.
* Riegel, Peter (1981). Investigation of Methods of Inspired Gas Heating. Defense Technical Information Center.
* Riegel, Peter (1982). Development of a Hydrogen-Fueled Diver Heater. Defense Technical Information Center.
# 1975 AFC Women's Championship

The 1975 AFC Women's Championship, officially known as the Asian Cup Ladies Football Tournament is the first edition of the AFC Women's Championship. It was held from 25 August to 3 September 1975 in Hong Kong. Participating members were New Zealand, Thailand, Australia, Hong Kong, Singapore, Malaysia. The tournament was won by New Zealand in the final against Thailand.

## Venue

All matches were held at the Government Stadium in Hong Kong.
| Hong Kong | Hong Kong |
| Hong Kong |
| Hong Kong | Government Stadium |
| Hong Kong | Capacity: 40,000 |

## Entrants

| ALFC members | Invitees | Did not enter (ALFC members) |
| Hong Kong (H)* Malaysia Singapore Thailand | Australia New Zealand | Republic of China Indonesia |

## Group stage
### Group A

| Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts |
| Thailand | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 2 | +4 | 4 |
| Australia | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 5 | 3 | +2 | 2 |
| Singapore | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 6 | −6 | 0 |

### Group B

| Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts |
| New Zealand | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 | +5 | 4 |
| Malaysia | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | −1 | 2 |
| Hong Kong | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 4 | −4 | 0 |

## Knock-out stage

| Semi-finals | Semi-finals | Final | Final |
| 31 August – Hong Kong | 31 August – Hong Kong |
| New Zealand | 3 |
| New Zealand | 3 | 2 September – Hong Kong | 2 September – Hong Kong |
| Australia | 2 | 2 September – Hong Kong | 2 September – Hong Kong |
| Australia | 2 | New Zealand | 3 |
| 31 August – Hong Kong | 31 August – Hong Kong | | New Zealand | 3 |
| 31 August – Hong Kong | 31 August – Hong Kong | Thailand | 1 |
| Thailand | 3 | Thailand | 1 |
| Malaysia | 0 | | |
| Malaysia | 0 | Third place | Third place |
| | | 2 September – Hong Kong | 2 September – Hong Kong |
| | | Australia | 5 |
| | | Malaysia | 0 |

### Final
## Winner

* AFC Women's Championship 1975 winners
* New Zealand First title
# Phil Green (politician)

Phil Green is an American politician from Michigan. Green is a Republican member of Michigan House of Representatives from District 67.

## Education

In 1999, Green earned a BS degree in Bible/Biblical Studies from Pensacola Christian College. In 2009, Green earned a MA degree in Biblical Exposition from Pensacola Theological Seminary.

## Career

Green was a pastor and a chaplain. In 2012, Green became a school administrator.
On November 6, 2018, Green won the election and became a Republican member of the Michigan House of Representatives for District 84. Green defeated William Shoot with 67.04% of the votes.
Following redistricting, Green ran in the 67th district in 2022, winning reelection. He was reelected in 2024.

## Personal life

Green's wife is Marun. In 2012, Green moved back to Michigan. Green lives in Millington, Michigan.

## Electoral history
### 2022

Michigan House of Representatives District 67, 2022 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Republican | Phil Green | 25,403 | 60.5% |
| | Democratic | Brian LaJoie | 16,571 | 39.5% |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 41,974 | |

### 2018

Michigan House of Representatives District 84, 2018 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Republican | Phil Green | 23,217 | 67.04% |
| | Democratic | William Shoop | 11,417 | 32.96% |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 34,634 | |
# Jayantha Jayasuriya

Jayantha Chandrasiri Jayasuriya, PC (Sinhala: ජයන්ත චන්ද්‍රසිරි ජයසූරිය) is a lawyer who served as the 47th Chief Justice of Sri Lanka from April 2019 to October 2024. Jayasuriya was approved by the Constitutional Council on the 26 April 2019 and sworn in three days later on the 29 April, succeeding Chief Justice Nalin Perera. He previously served as the 45th Attorney General of Sri Lanka. While serving as Attorney General Jayasuriya defended the sacking of the Prime Minister by the President of Sri Lanka but was over-ruled by the Supreme Court. Jayasuriya controversially requested an extension of the term of office of President Sirisena prior to being made Chief Justice. The Supreme Court overruled that request.
Jayasuriya took oath as an Attorney-at-Law of the Supreme Court of Sri Lanka in 1982. He joined the Attorney General’s Department as a State Counsel and held the posts of Senior State Counsel, Deputy Solicitor General, Additional Solicitor General, and Senior Additional Solicitor General before being appointed Attorney General. Jayasuriya studied at Maliyadeva College.
# Mar Iskhaq Yosip

Mar Iskhaq Yosip is the Assyrian Church Bishop of Northern Iraq and Russia.
# Denys Starchenko

Denys Volodymyrovych Starchenko (Ukrainian: Денис Володимирович Старченко; born 18 July 1994) is a Ukrainian professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper.
# Juvenile Hell

Juvenile Hell is the debut studio album by American hip hop duo Mobb Deep. It was recorded when they were still in their late teens and released on April 13, 1993, through 4th & B'way Records. Juvenile Hell was recorded between 1992 and 1993 and features production from DJ Premier & Large Professor. The album produced the two singles "Peer Pressure" & "Hit It from the Back". Upon its release the album failed to chart and shortly after the duo was dropped from their label.

## Critical reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| The Source | |
The San Diego Union-Tribune wrote that Juvenile Hell "arrives well rapped, and the duo's slow, sure, muscular delivery is jazzed up nicely".

## Singles chart positions

| Year | Song | Chart positions |
| Year | Song | Hot Rap Singles |
| 1993 | "Hit It from the Back" | 18 |
# 1983 in South Korea

Events from the year 1983 in South Korea.

## Incumbents

* President: Chun Doo-hwan
* Prime Minister: Kim Sang-hyup (until 14 October), Chin Iee-chong (starting 14 October)

## Events

* 1 September – Korean Air Flight 007 was shot down by a Soviet SU-15 Interceptor.
* 9 October – Rangoon bombing: North Korean agents planted a bomb in an attempt to assassinate President Chun. However, the bomb exploded prematurely, killing several high-ranking South Korean officials and four Burmese nationals. President Chun narrowly escaped the attack.

## Births

* January 1 - Park Sung-hyun, archer
* February 7 - Son Suk-ku, actor
* April 18 - Jang Nam-seok, footballer
* April 30 - Yun Mi-jin, archer
* May 11 - Park Hee-von, actress, singer, TV host and model
* May 24 - Woo Seung-yeon, model and actress (died 2009)
* June 3 - Shinsadong Tiger, music producer and songwriter (died 2024)
* July 1 - Leeteuk, singer-songwriter, TV host, presenter, actor
* July 10 - Kim Hee-chul, singer-songwriter, TV host, model, actor and director
* September 18 - JeA, singer-songwriter
* October 8 - Lee Sang-hee, actress
* November 2 - Miryo, rapper, songwriter and record producer
* December 28 - Narsha, singer and actress
# Kaattu Rani (1985 film)

Kaattu Rani (transl. The queen of the jungle) is a 1985 Indian Malayalam-language film, directed by A. T. Raghu and produced by Unnimary. The film stars Shankar, Unnimary, Anuradha and Sudheer in the lead roles. The film has musical score by Rajan–Nagendra. The movie is a remake of director's own Kannada movie Kadina Raja which had released in the same year and had also starred Unnimary in the lead role and had music by Rajan-Nagendra and cinematography by DV Rajaram. The movie was remade in spite of the Kannada version being dubbed in Malayalam.

## Cast

* Shankar
* Unnimary
* Anuradha
* Sudheer

## Soundtrack

The music was composed by Rajan–Nagendra and the lyrics were written by Anthikkad Mani.
| No. | Song | Singers | Lyrics |
| 1 | "Aanandamekoo Anuraagamekoo" | K. J. Yesudas, S. Janaki, Chorus | Anthikkad Mani |
| 2 | "Kaalidarunnu" | K. J. Yesudas, S. Janaki | Anthikkad Mani |
| 3 | "Omkaari" | S. Janaki, Chorus | Anthikkad Mani |
# Methylidenecarbene

Methylidenecarbene (systematically named λ$^2$-ethene and dihydrido-1κ$^2$H-dicarbon(C—C)) is an organic compound with the chemical formula C=CH $_2$ (also written [CCH $_2$] or C $_2$H $_2$). It is a metastable proton tautomer of acetylene, which only persists as an adduct. It is a colourless gas that phosphoresces in the far-infrared range. It is the simplest unsaturated carbene.

## Nomenclature

The systematic names λ$^2$-ethene, and dihydrido-1κ$^2$H-dicarbon(C—C), valid IUPAC names, are constructed according to the substitutive and additive nomenclatures, respectively.
In appropriate contexts, methylidenecarbene can be viewed as ethene with two hydrogen atoms removed, or as ethane with four hydrogens removed; and as such, ethen-1-ylidene (or vinylidene) or ethane-1-diylidene, respectively, may be used as a context-specific systematic names, according to substitutive nomenclature. By default, these names pay no regard to the radicality of the methylidenecarbene molecule. In even more specific context, these can also name the non-radical singlet ground state, whereas the diradical state is named ethene-1,1-diyl, or ethane-1,1-diylylidene, and the long-lived, tetraradical triplet state is named ethane-1,1,1,2-tetrayl.
Ethenylidene (without the -1- locant) or vinylidene, is used, systematically, to refer to the substituent group (=C=CH $_2$). It is used, non-systematically, to refer to substituent group ethene-1,1-diyl (>C=CH $_2$). Care should be taken to avoid confusing the names of the groups for the context-specific names for methylidenecarbene given above.

## Chemical properties

The 1λ$^2$-ethenediyl group (>C=C) in 1λ$^2$-alk-1-enes such as methylidenecarbene can accept or donate a pair of electrons by adduction. Because of this acceptance or donation of the electron pair, methylidenecarbene has Lewis-amphoteric character.

### Structure

With a half-life on the order of hundreds of femtoseconds, free methylidenecarbene will spontaneously decay via tautomerisation to acetylene, with an energy barrier of between 4 and 21 kJ mol$^{−1}$. Besides tautomerisation, methylidenecarbene can also autopolymerise to form various oligomers, the simplest of which, is the cumulene butatriene. Calculations determine that the ground state of methylidenecarbene is a non-radical singlet state.
Although, free methylidenearbene is quickly destroyed by tautomerisation into acetylene, its adducts are quite stable. One such adduct ([Ru(Cl) $_2$(PCy $_3$) $_2$(CCH $_2$)]) is useful as a catalyst for the polymerisation of norbornene.

## Production

Most methylidenecarbene is produced in an adduct form by transition metal ethynation:
    ML $_n$ + HC≡CH → M(C=CH $_2$)L $_n$
# Quantum sort

A quantum sort is any sorting algorithm that runs on a quantum computer. Any comparison-based quantum sorting algorithm would take at least $\Omega (n\log n)$ steps, which is already achievable by classical algorithms. Thus, for this task, quantum computers are no better than classical ones, and should be disregarded when it comes to time complexity. However, in space-bounded sorts, quantum algorithms outperform their classical counterparts.
# Cynthia Neeley

Cynthia Renay Neeley is an American politician serving in the Michigan House of Representatives for the 70th district. She is married to Flint mayor Sheldon Neeley.

## Education

Neeley graduated from Star City High School in Star City, Arkansas. Neeley later earned her certification in cosmetology from Mott Community College.

## Career

On March 10, 2020, Neeley was elected to the Michigan House of Representatives where she represents the 34th district. Neeley assumed office on March 17, 2020. Neeley is a Democrat. On March 8, 2020, Neeley announced her endorsement of Joe Biden in the 2020 United States presidential election. On August 5, 2020, Neeley won the primary election for re-election to the state house.
Following redistricting, Neeley ran in the 70th district in 2022, winning reelection. She was reelected in 2024.

## Personal life

Neeley resides in Flint, Michigan. Neeley is married to her predecessor in the state house and mayor of Flint, Sheldon Neeley. Together, they have two children.
# Kaavilamma

Kaavilamma is a 1977 Indian Malayalam film, directed N. Sankaran Nair. The film stars Madhu, Jayan, Sheela and Jagathy Sreekumar in the lead roles. The film has musical score by G. Devarajan.

## Cast

* Madhu
* Jayan
* Sheela
* Jagathy Sreekumar
* Manavalan Joseph
* Pattom Sadan
* Sreelatha Namboothiri
* Bahadoor
* Mallika Sukumaran
* Vettoor Purushan

## Soundtrack

The music was composed by G. Devarajan and the lyrics were written by O. N. V. Kurup.
| No. | Song | Singers | Lyrics |
| 1 | "Chandramukhi" | K. J. Yesudas | O. N. V. Kurup |
| 2 | "Kaavilamme" | P. Madhuri, Chorus | O. N. V. Kurup |
| 3 | "Mangalaambike Maaye" | Vani Jairam | O. N. V. Kurup |
| 4 | "Unnipponkavililorumma" | P. Madhuri | O. N. V. Kurup |
| 5 | "Ward Number Ezhiloru" | C. O. Anto | O. N. V. Kurup |
# Kristofer Leirdal

Kristofer Leirdal (15 December 1915– 6 July 2010) was a Norwegian sculptor and art educator. He was especially noted for his sculptural contributions to the restoration of the Nidaros Cathedral.

## Biography

Leirdal was born in Aure Municipality in Romsdalen county, Norway. He was the son of Sakarias Skogan (1880-1951) and Karen Leirdal (1883-1966).
He received his education at the Norwegian National Academy of Craft and Art Industry from 1936 to 1938 and at the Norwegian National Academy of Fine Arts under Professor Wilhelm Rasmussen between 1938 and 1940. He also was trained at the Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts in Copenhagen under Professor Einar Utzon-Frank from 1945 to 1946.
Leirdal worked as a sculptor at Nidaros Cathedral in Trondheim from 1941. He was a classically trained sculptor who was also adapted at the physical and stylistic frameworks of architecture. In 1990 Leirdal completed his last work at the cathedral. Leirdal participated the founding of Trondheim Academy of Fine Art and was an instructor in the sculpture class from 1946 to 1945. He was also a teacher at the Department of Design and Color at the Architectural Department of the Norwegian Institute of Technology from 1952 to 1982.
Leirdal was active in the development of Trondheim Art Association. He was awarded the Benneches legat (1940), Statens stipend (1942) and Mohrs legat (1947). He received the Minnemedaljen in silver from the Royal Norwegian Society of Sciences and Letters (1965) and the Domkirkemedaljen in gold (198). In 1997 he was made Knight, First Class, of the Royal Norwegian Order of St. Olav.
He died in Trondheim in 2010.
# Gourmya

Gourmya is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Cerithiidae.

## Species

Species within the genus Gourmya include:
* Gourmya gourmyi (Crosse, 1861)
* Gourmya (Gladiocerithium) argutum (Monterosato, 1911)

### Species brought into synonymy

* Gourmya echinata (Lamarck, 1822) accepted as Cerithium echinatum Lamarck, 1822
# Michael Hackett (basketball)

Michael Hackett (born May 11, 1960) is a retired American professional basketball player. He was the Liga Profesional de Baloncesto MVP in 1984, and the Israeli League Top Scorer in 1991.

## Basketball career

He attended Jacksonville University, where he was considered by University of Alabama at Birmingham coach Gene Bartow as "the best 6-5 player in America."
Hackett was drafted in 1982 by the Los Angeles Lakers with the 21st pick of the 3rd round of that year's National Basketball Association draft but was released before the season started. He also played overseas, including in the Philippines for Ginebra San Miguel of the Philippine Basketball Association.
He was among the highest scoring imports in PBA history setting a then PBA record of 103 points against Great Taste in a game on November 21, 1985. This was later broken by Tony Harris' 105 points. In that same conference, he won the PBA's Best Import of the Conference Award. The following year, he teamed up with Billy Ray Bates, forming what is considered to be the greatest import tandem in PBA history, leading Ginebra to the 1986 Open Conference title.
He was the Israeli League Top Scorer in 1991.
# Elankadai

Elankadai is a well populated area about 3 km from the Nagercoil town in Kanyakumari district. It is located on the KanyaKumari State way via Manakkudy and about 18 km from the beach of Kanyakumari, 5 km from Chothavilai Beach and 10 km from Chankuthurai Beach. People following major Indian religion live in this area.

## Buildings

The religious buildings in Elankadai are the Bawa Kassim Valiyullah Mosque, St. Antony's Church, Esakki Amman Temple, Masjid-ul-Anwar, Masjid-ul-Ashraf, and Masjidul Salaamath.
There are only a few schools in this area; though most of the children study in well known schools in Nagercoil town. Elankadai Government Middle School is one of the oldest schools in nagercoil and is situation on NH47. There is also Hannan Nursery School and Sathavathani Sheikh Thambi Pavalar Government Higher secondary school.
The nearby hospitals are Abdul Kadir Hospital and Uga Sewa Hospital.
* This Kanyakumari district location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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