# King of Prussia (shopping mall)

King of Prussia, also referred to as King of Prussia Mall, and referred to by locals as KOP, is a shopping mall located in the community of King of Prussia in Upper Merion Township, Pennsylvania. It is the largest shopping mall in Pennsylvania and the fourth-largest shopping mall in the United States in terms of gross leasable area. It is an upscale mall with 450 retailers.
The mall opened in 1963, with a complex that became known as "The Plaza". A second, entirely separate complex, "The Court", opened adjacent to it in 1981. In 2016, a major expansion was completed, connecting the two buildings and creating one large shopping mall.

## Location

King of Prussia mall is located in the census-designated place of King of Prussia, in Upper Merion Township, Montgomery County, Pennsylvania, 20 miles (32 km) northwest of Philadelphia. The mall is near the convergence of four major highways: the Schuylkill Expressway (Interstate 76), the Pennsylvania Turnpike (Interstate 76/Interstate 276), U.S. Route 202, and U.S. Route 422. The mall is located northeast of the Schuylkill Expressway and south of the Pennsylvania Turnpike on the north side of US 202 between Gulph Road to the southwest and Allendale Road to the northeast, with Mall Boulevard providing access to and running through the mall grounds between Gulph Road and US 202. Mall Boulevard passes under a portion of the shopping mall. Ramps to and from the westbound direction of the Schuylkill Expressway connect to Mall Boulevard.
SEPTA Suburban Division bus routes 92, 99, 123, 124, 125, and 139 serve the King of Prussia mall at the King of Prussia Transit Center along with other stops in the mall complex. These bus routes provide service to the West Chester Transportation Center in West Chester, the Norristown Transportation Center in Norristown, Phoenixville, the 69th Street Transportation Center in Upper Darby, Center City Philadelphia, Chesterbrook, Valley Forge, and Limerick. The Greater Valley Forge Transportation Management Association operates The Rambler, a community shuttle around Upper Merion Township that has two stops at the King of Prussia mall.
The mall has several outparcels, and several luxury and affordable hotels are nearby. Among the outparcels is the Overlook at King of Prussia shopping center, which consists of a United Artists Theatres, Saks Off 5th, and an iFLY indoor skydiving center. Lockheed Martin has a campus overlooking the mall area. Also located nearby is the King of Prussia Town Center, a lifestyle center that consists of Wegmans, multiple big-box retailers, and a downtown area with dining, retail, and service establishments and a Town Square. The town center is part of the Village at Valley Forge, a 122-acre mixed-use development under construction that consists of retail, apartments, townhouses, condominiums, office space, and the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia's Specialty Care and Surgery Center.

## Description

King of Prussia mall is anchored by Nordstrom, Macy's, Neiman Marcus, Bloomingdale's, Dick's Sporting Goods, and Primark and a diverse merchant mix of over 450 stores, including a collection of luxury retailers. The mall is owned and managed by Simon Property Group of Indianapolis. A selection of international dining options are available at two food courts and in multiple casual and fine dining establishments.
The mall is a prominent tourist destination in the Philadelphia area, with an estimated 20% of visitors as tourists. The King of Prussia mall attracts 22 million visitors annually. Several nearby hotels offer mall tourist packages, which typically include mall gift cards. Due to the mall's size, several retailers rent more than one space.
A covered outdoor walkway used to connect Macy's and Neiman Marcus prior to the recent expansion in 2016. The eastern portion of the mall (originally known as the Court) has two anchor stores, Macy's and Bloomingdale's. It originally had a third anchor, Abraham & Straus, which sold its store in 1988 to Strawbridge & Clothier, which subsequently relocated to the former Wanamaker's location at The Plaza in 1996 upon its acquisition by May Department Stores. Its spot was redeveloped as the Pavilion at King of Prussia. Stores in this section include a double-level Urban Outfitters, Old Navy, and The Cheesecake Factory.
In 2018, King of Prussia was valued at $2.77 billion and had sales per square foot of $773, making it the 8th most valuable mall in the United States.

## History
### 1960s

The first portion of King of Prussia Plaza opened on September 18, 1962, as a modest open-air shopping mall. It consisted of an "A-Frame"-style Acme supermarket and a 172,000 sq ft, 2-story E. J. Korvette discount department store. The mall carried an American Colonial theme, due to its proximity to the Revolutionary War encampment at Valley Forge State Park.
The mall expanded rapidly over the next few years. On August 15, 1963, a 152,000 sq ft, 3-story JCPenney anchor store was opened, along with 14 adjacent inline stores. A grand opening that day was attended by Morris A. Kravitz, developer of the mall and W.M. Batten, president of the J.C. Penney company. Batten cut a ribbon opening the store, while the managers of the other 14 new stores cut ribbons surrounding it. 6 more inline stores opened a week later, on August 22, followed by five more in September and five more in October. Among the inline stores was a 46,000 sq ft Woolworth's.
The 1400-seat Stanley Warner Plaza Theatre cinema opened on May 19, 1965, showing the Charlton Heston epic Major Dundee as its first feature. A John Wanamaker anchor store opened on August 16, 1965, in a striking 194,000 sq ft, 3-level octagonal structure. Gimbels opened a 229,000 sq ft, 3-level anchor store on May 2, 1966.

### 1970s

By the 1970s, the mall was the largest shopping center in the east, with over 1 million sq ft, over 100 stores and parking for 27,000 cars. It consisted of a small, fully enclosed section (connecting the three department stores) and a sprawling outdoor mall.

### 1980s

On August 6, 1981, Kravco, the mall's parent company, opened a second sister mall, The Court at King of Prussia, directly across the street. The combined size of the two malls was 2.4 million sq ft. The Court was fully enclosed, anchored by Bamberger's (which had opened before the new mall, on March 12, 1981), Bloomingdale's, and Abraham & Straus (A&S).
Korvettes closed on December 24, 1980. It was demolished and replaced by a food court and a 212,000 sq ft 2-story Sears "store of the future" anchor, which opened on July 25, 1983. Sears had moved from the Logan Square shopping center in nearby Norristown.
In the 1980s, The Plaza featured Herman's World of Sporting Goods, and a Lionel "Kiddie City" toy store. The Plaza also featured two 1980s style video arcades, each named Spaceport, and the RKO Stanley Warner (later Sam Eric, and then United Artists Plaza) movie theater which, in an era before multiplexes, had only one extra large 70 m screen.
Gimbel's closed in June 1986 and was replaced with Stern's. Bamberger's was renamed Macy's on October 7 of that year. Abraham & Straus closed in 1987 and was replaced with Strawbridge & Clothier in 1988.

### 1990s

Stern's was replaced with JCPenney in 1992, moving from their original building in the middle of the Plaza, which was turned into mall space.
Further expansion took place in the early 1990s. During this process, the oldest portions of The Plaza were demolished and replaced and the two malls, The Court and The Plaza, were connected by a pedestrian bridge and walkway. Marketing from then on presented them as a united entity. The new Plaza was fully enclosed and had two levels throughout. The rebuilt Plaza celebrated its grand opening on November 2, 1995. Three new anchor stores were added. Lord & Taylor opened in the fall of 1995, while Neiman Marcus opened on February 24, 1996 and Nordstrom opened that spring.
In June 1995, Wanamaker's went bankrupt. After early reports that they might be sold to Boscov's, the chain was instead sold to May Department Stores, which rebranded all Wanamaker's as Hecht's, their Baltimore-Washington regional nameplate. The Plaza's John Wanamaker store was renamed Hecht's on September 3, 1995.
In April 1996, Strawbridge & Clothier was sold to May Department Stores as well. They renamed the store Strawbridge's and rebranded their Hecht's at The Plaza, after only a year, as Strawbridge's, in addition to the existing Strawbridge's at The Court. Woolworth's closed in 1997. The Strawbridge's at The Court closed in January 1999.

### 2000s

In 2001, the former Abraham & Straus/Strawbridge's building at The Court was converted into a mall expansion named "The Pavilion."
In 2006, May Department Stores dissolved Strawbridge's and their remaining anchor store at The Plaza (the former Wanamaker's) became a second Macy's anchor store.
The mall served as the home of the Philadelphia Freedoms tennis team of World TeamTennis in 2008 and 2009. Whenever a tennis event was to occur, a temporary tennis stadium that seated 3,000 was constructed in the parking lot of the Bloomingdale's anchor store. The Freedoms left for The Pavilion at Villanova University in 2010.

### 2010s

In 2011, Simon increased its ownership of the King of Prussia mall from 12.4 percent to 96 percent, buying Lend Lease's 50 percent ownership of the mall. Lend Lease had bought its stake in the mall in 1996, with Kravco, Simon, and three family trusts owning the remaining 50 percent at the time.
Macy's at the Plaza closed in favor of the location at the Court. The Macy's building and adjacent parking garage were demolished in fall 2011, to make way for over 100,000 square feet (9,300 m$^2$) of retail space and additional parking.
On November 29, 2011, Simon Property Group announced plans to create an additional 140,000-square-foot (13,000 m$^2$) expansion/connector to connect The Court and The Plaza. This new retail connector features 50 stores, restaurants with an upscale dining pavilion, and a customer lounge. Upon completion, this project made King of Prussia mall the largest official shopping mall in the United States (larger than Mall of America in overall square footage, though not in quantity of shops), and placed the mall under one roof for the first time in its existence. The 155,000-square-foot (14,400 m$^2$) expansion also includes a new parking garage "with speed ramps, space location technology and valet service." Construction on this expansion was estimated to cost $150 million. Several outparcels were also proposed for this expansion.
On November 18, 2014, construction began on the expansion to connect The Court and The Plaza. The expansion opened August 18, 2016, with two ribbons joined from The Court and The Plaza. Simon Property Group COO Rick Sokolov and U.S. Representative Brendan Boyle were present for the ribbon tying ceremony.
In January 2014, Sears announced that it would sublease some of its space to Dick's Sporting Goods. Sears closed this location entirely in early December 2014. It was announced that Irish retailer Primark would be on the first level of its space while Dick's Sporting Goods would take parts of the second level. The Primark store opened on November 25, 2015. In 2015, Sears Holdings spun off 235 properties, including the Sears at King of Prussia, into Seritage Growth Properties. Portions of the former Sears Auto Center are now Nan Xiang Soup Dumplings and Yard House. On March 17, 2017, JCPenney announced that its store would be closing as part of a plan to close 138 stores nationwide; the store closed on July 31, 2017.
The western section of the mall (also known as The Plaza) went under renovation in April 2018, which added new flooring and handrails, LED lighting, and additional soft seating areas and restrooms. The renovation was completed in May 2019.
On October 5, 2019, Happy Place opened on the second floor of the former JCPenney building. It left on February 29, 2020, as part of a national tour.

### 2020s

On May 3, 2021, during the COVID-19 pandemic, Montgomery County opened a COVID-19 vaccination site in the former JCPenney space, which has since shut down.
In June 2022, it was announced that Wayfair, an online retailer of furniture and home goods, would open a brick-and-mortar store in the previous JCPenney outpost. The store was to feature a cafe and a rooftop deck with a bar. The Wayfair store was planned to open in 2023 or 2024 before plans were cancelled.
In 2023, it was announced that Eataly, a chain of Italian food halls, would be opening at the mall in 2025. It will be located in an area formerly occupied by Rite Aid, a portion of Forever 21, and a mall entrance, due to the requirement of a large space for the store.
In August 2020, Lord & Taylor announced it would close all its stores, as a result of the economic effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. On June 18, 2024, it was announced that Netflix will open a Netflix House venue in the former Lord & Taylor space in the later part of 2025. Netflix House will feature set replicas from shows and movies, as well as themed restaurants, a theater, and gift shops. The venue is the first-of-its-kind, alongside another set to open at Galleria Dallas in Dallas around the same time.