# Dumai

Dumai (Jawi: دوماي‎, Chinese: 杜迈), is a coastal city in Riau Province on the island of Sumatra, Indonesia, about 188 km from Pekanbaru, the provincial capital. The city has an area of 2,065.59 km$^2$ and had 338,064 inhabitants at the mid 2023 official estimate (comprising 173,758 males and 164,306 females). Dumai has a domestic airport, Pinang Kampai Airport. The city is an important transport and trade centre, both regionally and internationally, especially for traffic to and from Malaysia. The region is rich in oil (petroleum and palm oil).

## History

Currently Dumai City is the second largest city in the province of Riau, but earlier it was a small hamlet on the east coast of Riau Province. It was inaugurated as a city on 20 April 1999, by Law no. 16 of year 1999, having previously been an administrative town (kotif) in Bengkalis Regency.

## Administration

At its inception, the city only consisted of three districts, containing 13 urban villages and 9 rural villages, with a population of just 15,699 people and a density of 83.85/km$^2$.The city is now divided into seven districts (kecamatan), tabulated below with their areas and their populations at the 2010 census and the 2020 census, together with the official estimates as at mid 2023. The table also includes the locations of the district administrative centres and the number of administrative villages in each district (all 36 classed as urban kelurahan).
| Kode Wilayah | Name of District (kecamatan) | Area in km$^2$ | Pop'n census 2010 | Pop'n census 2020 | Pop'n estimate mid 2023 | Admin centre | No. of villages |
| 14.72.03 | Bukit Kapur | 336.04 | 38,051 | 51,564 | 55,163 | Bukit Nenas | 7 |
| 14.72.05 | Medang Kampai | 169.74 | 10,199 | 16,794 | 18,838 | Teluk Makmur | 4 |
| 13.72.04 | Sungai Sembilan | 1,423.79 | 27,465 | 41,738 | 46,564 | Lubuk Gaung | 6 |
| 13.72.01 | Dumai Barat (West Dumai) | 36.02 | 89,978 | 44,292 | 46,141 | Purnama | 4 |
| 13.72.07 | Dumai Selatan (South Dumai) | 66.96 | $^{(a)}$ | 52,791 | 55,642 | Bukit Datuk | 5 |
| 13.72.02 | Dumai Timur (East Dumai) | 28.81 | 88,110 | 68,930 | 73,634 | Teluk Binjai | 5 |
| 13.72.06 | Dumai Kota (Dumai town) | 4.24 | $^{(a)}$ | 40,673 | 42,082 | Laksamana | 5 |
| | Total City | 2,065.59 | 253,803 | 316,782 | 338,064 | | 36 |
Notes: (a) the 2010 populations of the Dumai Selatan and Dumai Kota Districts are included in the figures for Dumai Barat and Dumai Timur Districts, from which they were cut out in 2009.
The villages (Kelurahan) into which those districts are subdivided are:
| Kode Wilayah | Name of kelurahan | Area in km$^2$ | Pop'n estimate mid 2023 | Post code |
| 14.72.03.1001 | Bukit Nenas | 61.60 | 9,069 | 28882 |
| 14.72.03.1002 | Bukit Kayu Kapur | 15.94 | 6,952 | 28882 |
| 14.72.03.1003 | Gurun Panjang | 84.76 | 5,628 | 28882 |
| 14.72.03.1004 | Bagan Besar | 38.44 | 9,365 | 28882 |
| 14.72.03.1005 | Kampung Baru | 63.25 | 7,835 | 28882 |
| 14.72.03.1006 | Bagan Besar Timur | 14.03 | 7,457 | 28882 |
| 14.72.03.1007 | Bukit Kapur (village) | 58.02 | 8,857 | 28882 |
| 14.72.05.1001 | Teluk Makmur | 28.64 | 5,079 | 28825 |
| 14.72.05.1002 | Mundam | 28.19 | 4,541 | 28825 |
| 14.72.05.1003 | Guntung | 15.73 | 2,210 | 28825 |
| 14.72.05.1004 | Pelintung | 97.18 | 7,008 | 28825 |
| 13.72.04.1001 | Lubuk Gaung | 96.66 | 12,694 | 28826 |
| 13.72.04.1002 | Tanjung Penyembal | 116.96 | 9,995 | 28826 |
| 13.72.04.1003 | Bangsal Aceh | 201.48 | 6,030 | 28826 |
| 13.72.04.1004 | Basilam Baru | 141.37 | 6,083 | 28826 |
| 13.72.04.1005 | Batu Teritip | 543.21 | 5,713 | 28826 |
| 13.72.04.1006 | Sungai Geniot | 324.11 | 6,049 | 28826 |
| 13.72.01.1003 | Pangkalan Sesai | 3.71 | 10,670 | 28824 |
| 13.72.01.1006 | Purnama | 11.57 | 18,162 | 28823 |
| 13.72.01.1008 | Bagan Keladi | 17.84 | 6,816 | 28821 |
| 13.72.01.1009 | Simpang Tetap Darul Ihsan | 2.90 | 10,493 | 28824 |
| 13.72.07.1001 | Ratu Sima | 4.72 | 15,190 | 28825 |
| 13.72.07.1002 | Bukit Timah | 16.17 | 8,948 | 28826 |
| 13.72.07.1003 | Mekar Sari | 21.07 | 7,232 | 28821 |
| 13.72.07.1004 | Bukit Datuk | 20.45 | 12,910 | 28825 |
| 13.72.07.1005 | Bumi Ayu | 4.55 | 11,362 | 28813 |
| 13.72.02.1002 | Teluk Binjai | 2.65 | 19,741 | 28813 |
| 13.72.02.1003 | Tanjung Palas | 12.72 | 12,357 | 28816 |
| 13.72.02.1004 | Jaya Mukti | 3.73 | 20,648 | 28815 |
| 13.72.02.1006 | Buluh Kasap | 1.61 | 6,926 | 28814 |
| 13.72.02.1009 | Bukit Batrem | 8.10 | 13,962 | 28811 |
| 13.72.06.1001 | Laksamana | 0.74 | 3,617 | 28821 |
| 13.72.06.1002 | Rimba Sekampung | 1.47 | 14,576 | 28822 |
| 13.72.06.1003 | Dumai Kota (village) | 0.79 | 7,483 | 28811 |
| 13.72.06.1004 | Bintan | 0.60 | 6,628 | 28812 |
| 13.72.06.1005 | Sukajadi | 0.64 | 9,778 | 28812 |

## Economy

Macro-economic indicators of the gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) Dumai increasing each year since 2000–2005 is a picture of the success of the development of economy in Dumai. To support the increase in GDP that heavy economic development point of Dumai is to maintain the dominance of construction on industrial sectors, trade, transport and buildings in addition to paying attention to the agricultural sector as a producer of industrial raw materials. Rapid economic growth rate has also provided job opportunities for people, so that the social welfare in Dumai increases.
Obstacles faced in addition to capital issues is the Status of land still touted ex HPH. Four districts in Dumai (Sungai Sembilan, Medang Kampai, lime and West Damai) is an area that has the potential of land resources for the development of agribusiness and agro-industries with appropriate technology engineering byocyclo such as rice farming, crops, vegetables, bananas, pineapples, durian, mango, rambutan, palm, cattle (cows, goats, ducks and chickens) as well as the cultivation of farmed freshwater fish (catfish, carp, carp and ornamental fish). more on the produce of the district the river nine to forward is Palm, banana, and crops. Currently the town River nine new basilam village in particular is very deficient means of infra-structures for the construction of the road. Especially the main road construction kaplingan up to the junction with the durian.

## Transportation
### Land

There are several transportation modes in Pekanbaru such as taxi, bus, oplet (share taxi), bajaj (auto rickshaw), and ojek (motorcycle taxi). For land transport, Dumai is connected to Trans-Sumatran Highway and Trans-Sumatra Toll Road. Bus services operate to Duri, Padang, Medan, Jambi, Pekanbaru and other cities and regions in Riau Province and Sumatra (Terminal AKAP).

### Sea

Dumai Port (Pelabuhan Dumai) is located in Dumai, connecting Dumai with regions in Riau Province, other destinations in Indonesia, and the world. This port is a major port in Riau.

### Air

Pinang Kampai Airport is a domestic airport that serves daily flights to/from several cities in Indonesia such as Jakarta, Pekanbaru, Medan, Batam, etc.

## Climate

Dumai has a tropical rainforest climate (Af) with heavy rainfall year-round.
Climate data for Dumai :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 31.4 (88.5) | 31.9 (89.4) | 32.4 (90.3) | 32.2 (90.0) | 32.2 (90.0) | 31.9 (89.4) | 31.7 (89.1) | 31.6 (88.9) | 31.5 (88.7) | 31.7 (89.1) | 31.3 (88.3) | 31.3 (88.3) | 31.8 (89.2) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 26.7 (80.1) | 27.1 (80.8) | 27.5 (81.5) | 27.5 (81.5) | 27.6 (81.7) | 27.4 (81.3) | 27.1 (80.8) | 27.1 (80.8) | 27.0 (80.6) | 27.2 (81.0) | 26.9 (80.4) | 26.8 (80.2) | 27.2 (80.9) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 22.1 (71.8) | 22.3 (72.1) | 22.6 (72.7) | 22.9 (73.2) | 23.1 (73.6) | 22.9 (73.2) | 22.6 (72.7) | 22.6 (72.7) | 22.6 (72.7) | 22.7 (72.9) | 22.6 (72.7) | 22.4 (72.3) | 22.6 (72.7) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 200 (7.9) | 150 (5.9) | 202 (8.0) | 225 (8.9) | 191 (7.5) | 159 (6.3) | 159 (6.3) | 200 (7.9) | 255 (10.0) | 293 (11.5) | 299 (11.8) | 258 (10.2) | 2,591 (102.2) |
| Source: Climate-Data.org ||||||||||||||

## Tourism

Dumai is situated on the waterfront has the potential of tourism development such as nature tourism, culture and shopping. Several area attractions including conservation areas in district Nine, forest River in district of Western and Eastern Damai Damai, Prosperous Gulf Coast region in district and Lake Kampai Phoebe Flowers of seven in Eastern Damai. As the main gate to enter the Riau Mainland, some tourists have repeatedly visited the Dumai, especially those that like to visit Malacca. Dumai is very easily accessible due to good transportation connections. There are some interesting sights on the way to Dumai, such as the Sakai tribe, tropical forests along the River, and water colour is unique as the color of tea. Moreover, it also can be seen hundreds of bobbing oil who raised the pipe from the bowels of the Earth. Ramayana shopping center on General Sudirman street was opened in 2007. At night, a variety of Indonesian food is sold along Ombak street. Dumai has some interesting places to be visit, among others:
* Teluk Makmur Beach
* Putri Tujuh Grave (Makam Putri Tujuh)
* Seascape of Dumai
* The Great Mosque of Al-Badar (Masjid Raya Al-Badar)
* Bunga Tujuh Lake
* Pelintung Cave (Goa Pelintung)
* Forest Tour of Dumai
* The Great Mosque of Dumai (Masjid Raya Dumai)
* Pawang Leon Grave (Makam Pawang Leon)
* Siti of Sea Grave (Makam Siti Laut)
* The Great Mosque of Al-Mannan (Masjid Raya Al-Mannan)
* Magic Footprint Tiger (Tapak Harimau Sakti)
* Tepak Sirih Monument (Tugu Tepak Sirih)

## Sister Cities

| Sister Cities | Country |
| Alor Gajah | Malaysia |