# Family tree of Roman emperors

This is a family tree of Roman emperors, showing only the relationships between the emperors.

## 27 BC –192 AD

The emperors from Augustus to Commodus can be organised into one large family tree.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | Julius Caesar dictator perpetuo 100–44 BC | Julius Caesar dictator perpetuo 100–44 BC | Julius Caesar dictator perpetuo 100–44 BC | Julius Caesar dictator perpetuo 100–44 BC | Julius Caesar dictator perpetuo 100–44 BC | Julius Caesar dictator perpetuo 100–44 BC | Julia Minor died 51 BC | Julia Minor died 51 BC | Julia Minor died 51 BC | Julia Minor died 51 BC | Julia Minor died 51 BC | Julia Minor died 51 BC | Marcus Atius Balbus 105–51 BC | Marcus Atius Balbus 105–51 BC | Marcus Atius Balbus 105–51 BC | Marcus Atius Balbus 105–51 BC | Marcus Atius Balbus 105–51 BC | Marcus Atius Balbus 105–51 BC |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Atia 85–43 BC | Atia 85–43 BC | Atia 85–43 BC | Atia 85–43 BC | Atia 85–43 BC | Atia 85–43 BC | Gaius Octavius c. 100–59 BC | Gaius Octavius c. 100–59 BC | Gaius Octavius c. 100–59 BC | Gaius Octavius c. 100–59 BC | Gaius Octavius c. 100–59 BC | Gaius Octavius c. 100–59 BC |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | Augustus 63 BC–14 AD r. 27 BC – 14 AD | Augustus 63 BC–14 AD r. 27 BC – 14 AD | Augustus 63 BC–14 AD r. 27 BC – 14 AD | Augustus 63 BC–14 AD r. 27 BC – 14 AD | Augustus 63 BC–14 AD r. 27 BC – 14 AD | Augustus 63 BC–14 AD r. 27 BC – 14 AD | Livia Drusilla 59 BC–29 AD | Livia Drusilla 59 BC–29 AD | Livia Drusilla 59 BC–29 AD | Livia Drusilla 59 BC–29 AD | Livia Drusilla 59 BC–29 AD | Livia Drusilla 59 BC–29 AD | Tiberius Claudius Nero c. 80–33 BC | Tiberius Claudius Nero c. 80–33 BC | Tiberius Claudius Nero c. 80–33 BC | Tiberius Claudius Nero c. 80–33 BC | Tiberius Claudius Nero c. 80–33 BC | Tiberius Claudius Nero c. 80–33 BC | Octavia Minor c. 66–11 BC | Octavia Minor c. 66–11 BC | Octavia Minor c. 66–11 BC | Octavia Minor c. 66–11 BC | Octavia Minor c. 66–11 BC | Octavia Minor c. 66–11 BC | Mark Antony triumvir 83–30 BC | Mark Antony triumvir 83–30 BC | Mark Antony triumvir 83–30 BC | Mark Antony triumvir 83–30 BC | Mark Antony triumvir 83–30 BC | Mark Antony triumvir 83–30 BC |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa 63–12 BC | Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa 63–12 BC | Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa 63–12 BC | Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa 63–12 BC | Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa 63–12 BC | Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa 63–12 BC | Julia the Elder 39 BC–14 AD | Julia the Elder 39 BC–14 AD | Julia the Elder 39 BC–14 AD | Julia the Elder 39 BC–14 AD | Julia the Elder 39 BC–14 AD | Julia the Elder 39 BC–14 AD | Tiberius 42 BC–37 AD r. 14–37 | Tiberius 42 BC–37 AD r. 14–37 | Tiberius 42 BC–37 AD r. 14–37 | Tiberius 42 BC–37 AD r. 14–37 | Tiberius 42 BC–37 AD r. 14–37 | Tiberius 42 BC–37 AD r. 14–37 | Drusus the Elder 38–9 BC | Drusus the Elder 38–9 BC | Drusus the Elder 38–9 BC | Drusus the Elder 38–9 BC | Drusus the Elder 38–9 BC | Drusus the Elder 38–9 BC | Antonia Minor 36 BC–37 AD | Antonia Minor 36 BC–37 AD | Antonia Minor 36 BC–37 AD | Antonia Minor 36 BC–37 AD | Antonia Minor 36 BC–37 AD | Antonia Minor 36 BC–37 AD |
| | | | | | | Lucius Aemilius Paullus d. 14 | Lucius Aemilius Paullus d. 14 | Lucius Aemilius Paullus d. 14 | Lucius Aemilius Paullus d. 14 | Lucius Aemilius Paullus d. 14 | Lucius Aemilius Paullus d. 14 | Julia the Younger 19 BC–28 AD | Julia the Younger 19 BC–28 AD | Julia the Younger 19 BC–28 AD | Julia the Younger 19 BC–28 AD | Julia the Younger 19 BC–28 AD | Julia the Younger 19 BC–28 AD | | | | | | | Agrippina the Elder 14 BC–33 AD | Agrippina the Elder 14 BC–33 AD | Agrippina the Elder 14 BC–33 AD | Agrippina the Elder 14 BC–33 AD | Agrippina the Elder 14 BC–33 AD | Agrippina the Elder 14 BC–33 AD | Germanicus 16 BC–19 AD | Germanicus 16 BC–19 AD | Germanicus 16 BC–19 AD | Germanicus 16 BC–19 AD | Germanicus 16 BC–19 AD | Germanicus 16 BC–19 AD | Claudius 10 BC–54 AD r. 41–54 | Claudius 10 BC–54 AD r. 41–54 | Claudius 10 BC–54 AD r. 41–54 | Claudius 10 BC–54 AD r. 41–54 | Claudius 10 BC–54 AD r. 41–54 | Claudius 10 BC–54 AD r. 41–54 |
| Marcus Torquatus | Marcus Torquatus | Marcus Torquatus | Marcus Torquatus | Marcus Torquatus | Marcus Torquatus | Aemilia Lepida 4 BC–53 AD | Aemilia Lepida 4 BC–53 AD | Aemilia Lepida 4 BC–53 AD | Aemilia Lepida 4 BC–53 AD | Aemilia Lepida 4 BC–53 AD | Aemilia Lepida 4 BC–53 AD | Vespasian 9–79 r. 69–79 | Vespasian 9–79 r. 69–79 | Vespasian 9–79 r. 69–79 | Vespasian 9–79 r. 69–79 | Vespasian 9–79 r. 69–79 | Vespasian 9–79 r. 69–79 | Gnaeus Domitius Corbulo 7–67 | Gnaeus Domitius Corbulo 7–67 | Gnaeus Domitius Corbulo 7–67 | Gnaeus Domitius Corbulo 7–67 | Gnaeus Domitius Corbulo 7–67 | Gnaeus Domitius Corbulo 7–67 | Milonia Caesonia 6–41 | Milonia Caesonia 6–41 | Milonia Caesonia 6–41 | Milonia Caesonia 6–41 | Milonia Caesonia 6–41 | Milonia Caesonia 6–41 | Caligula 12–41 r. 37–41 | Caligula 12–41 r. 37–41 | Caligula 12–41 r. 37–41 | Caligula 12–41 r. 37–41 | Caligula 12–41 r. 37–41 | Caligula 12–41 r. 37–41 | Agrippina the Younger 15–59 | Agrippina the Younger 15–59 | Agrippina the Younger 15–59 | Agrippina the Younger 15–59 | Agrippina the Younger 15–59 | Agrippina the Younger 15–59 | Gnaeus Domitius Ahenobarbus 17 BC–40 AD | Gnaeus Domitius Ahenobarbus 17 BC–40 AD | Gnaeus Domitius Ahenobarbus 17 BC–40 AD | Gnaeus Domitius Ahenobarbus 17 BC–40 AD | Gnaeus Domitius Ahenobarbus 17 BC–40 AD | Gnaeus Domitius Ahenobarbus 17 BC–40 AD | Drusus Caesar | Drusus Caesar | Drusus Caesar | Drusus Caesar | Drusus Caesar | Drusus Caesar | Aemilia Lepida | Aemilia Lepida | Aemilia Lepida | Aemilia Lepida | Aemilia Lepida | Aemilia Lepida | Manius Aemilius Lepidus | Manius Aemilius Lepidus | Manius Aemilius Lepidus | Manius Aemilius Lepidus | Manius Aemilius Lepidus | Manius Aemilius Lepidus |
| Junia Calvina 15–79 | Junia Calvina 15–79 | Junia Calvina 15–79 | Junia Calvina 15–79 | Junia Calvina 15–79 | Junia Calvina 15–79 | Lucius Vitellius the Younger 16–69 | Lucius Vitellius the Younger 16–69 | Lucius Vitellius the Younger 16–69 | Lucius Vitellius the Younger 16–69 | Lucius Vitellius the Younger 16–69 | Lucius Vitellius the Younger 16–69 | Vitellius 15–69 r. 69 | Vitellius 15–69 r. 69 | Vitellius 15–69 r. 69 | Vitellius 15–69 r. 69 | Vitellius 15–69 r. 69 | Vitellius 15–69 r. 69 | | | | | | | | | | | | | Domitian 51–96 r. 81–96 | Domitian 51–96 r. 81–96 | Domitian 51–96 r. 81–96 | Domitian 51–96 r. 81–96 | Domitian 51–96 r. 81–96 | Domitian 51–96 r. 81–96 | Domitia Longina 53–130 | Domitia Longina 53–130 | Domitia Longina 53–130 | Domitia Longina 53–130 | Domitia Longina 53–130 | Domitia Longina 53–130 | | | | | | | | | | | | | Galba 3 BC–69 AD r. 68–69 | Galba 3 BC–69 AD r. 68–69 | Galba 3 BC–69 AD r. 68–69 | Galba 3 BC–69 AD r. 68–69 | Galba 3 BC–69 AD r. 68–69 | Galba 3 BC–69 AD r. 68–69 | Aemilia Lepida | Aemilia Lepida | Aemilia Lepida | Aemilia Lepida | Aemilia Lepida | Aemilia Lepida |
| Ulpia | Ulpia | Ulpia | Ulpia | Ulpia | Ulpia | Marcus Ulpius Traianus 30–100 | Marcus Ulpius Traianus 30–100 | Marcus Ulpius Traianus 30–100 | Marcus Ulpius Traianus 30–100 | Marcus Ulpius Traianus 30–100 | Marcus Ulpius Traianus 30–100 | Marcia 33–100 | Marcia 33–100 | Marcia 33–100 | Marcia 33–100 | Marcia 33–100 | Marcia 33–100 | Marcia Furnilla | Marcia Furnilla | Marcia Furnilla | Marcia Furnilla | Marcia Furnilla | Marcia Furnilla | Titus 39–81 r. 79–81 | Titus 39–81 r. 79–81 | Titus 39–81 r. 79–81 | Titus 39–81 r. 79–81 | Titus 39–81 r. 79–81 | Titus 39–81 r. 79–81 | Nerva 30–98 r. 96–98 | Nerva 30–98 r. 96–98 | Nerva 30–98 r. 96–98 | Nerva 30–98 r. 96–98 | Nerva 30–98 r. 96–98 | Nerva 30–98 r. 96–98 | Cocceia | Cocceia | Cocceia | Cocceia | Cocceia | Cocceia | Titianus | Titianus | Titianus | Titianus | Titianus | Titianus | Otho 32–69 r. 69 | Otho 32–69 r. 69 | Otho 32–69 r. 69 | Otho 32–69 r. 69 | Otho 32–69 r. 69 | Otho 32–69 r. 69 | Poppaea Sabina 30–65 | Poppaea Sabina 30–65 | Poppaea Sabina 30–65 | Poppaea Sabina 30–65 | Poppaea Sabina 30–65 | Poppaea Sabina 30–65 | Nero 37–68 r. 54–68 | Nero 37–68 r. 54–68 | Nero 37–68 r. 54–68 | Nero 37–68 r. 54–68 | Nero 37–68 r. 54–68 | Nero 37–68 r. 54–68 |
| Publius Aelius Hadrianus Afer | Publius Aelius Hadrianus Afer | Publius Aelius Hadrianus Afer | Publius Aelius Hadrianus Afer | Publius Aelius Hadrianus Afer | Publius Aelius Hadrianus Afer | Trajan 53–117 r. 98–117 | Trajan 53–117 r. 98–117 | Trajan 53–117 r. 98–117 | Trajan 53–117 r. 98–117 | Trajan 53–117 r. 98–117 | Trajan 53–117 r. 98–117 | Ulpia Marciana 48–112 | Ulpia Marciana 48–112 | Ulpia Marciana 48–112 | Ulpia Marciana 48–112 | Ulpia Marciana 48–112 | Ulpia Marciana 48–112 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | Salonia Matidia 68–119 | Salonia Matidia 68–119 | Salonia Matidia 68–119 | Salonia Matidia 68–119 | Salonia Matidia 68–119 | Salonia Matidia 68–119 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Hadrian 76–138 r. 117–138 | Hadrian 76–138 r. 117–138 | Hadrian 76–138 r. 117–138 | Hadrian 76–138 r. 117–138 | Hadrian 76–138 r. 117–138 | Hadrian 76–138 r. 117–138 | Vibia Sabina 80–137 | Vibia Sabina 80–137 | Vibia Sabina 80–137 | Vibia Sabina 80–137 | Vibia Sabina 80–137 | Vibia Sabina 80–137 | Rupilia Faustina 87–138 | Rupilia Faustina 87–138 | Rupilia Faustina 87–138 | Rupilia Faustina 87–138 | Rupilia Faustina 87–138 | Rupilia Faustina 87–138 |
| | | | | | | Marcus Annius Verus | Marcus Annius Verus | Marcus Annius Verus | Marcus Annius Verus | Marcus Annius Verus | Marcus Annius Verus | Faustina the Elder 100–141 | Faustina the Elder 100–141 | Faustina the Elder 100–141 | Faustina the Elder 100–141 | Faustina the Elder 100–141 | Faustina the Elder 100–141 | Antoninus 86–161 r. 138–161 | Antoninus 86–161 r. 138–161 | Antoninus 86–161 r. 138–161 | Antoninus 86–161 r. 138–161 | Antoninus 86–161 r. 138–161 | Antoninus 86–161 r. 138–161 |
| | | | | | | Marcus Aurelius 121–180 r. 161–180 | Marcus Aurelius 121–180 r. 161–180 | Marcus Aurelius 121–180 r. 161–180 | Marcus Aurelius 121–180 r. 161–180 | Marcus Aurelius 121–180 r. 161–180 | Marcus Aurelius 121–180 r. 161–180 | Faustina the Younger 125–175 | Faustina the Younger 125–175 | Faustina the Younger 125–175 | Faustina the Younger 125–175 | Faustina the Younger 125–175 | Faustina the Younger 125–175 |
| | | | | | | Commodus 161–192 r. 180–192 | Commodus 161–192 r. 180–192 | Commodus 161–192 r. 180–192 | Commodus 161–192 r. 180–192 | Commodus 161–192 r. 180–192 | Commodus 161–192 r. 180–192 | Lucilla 148–182 | Lucilla 148–182 | Lucilla 148–182 | Lucilla 148–182 | Lucilla 148–182 | Lucilla 148–182 | Lucius Verus 130–169 r. 161–169 | Lucius Verus 130–169 r. 161–169 | Lucius Verus 130–169 r. 161–169 | Lucius Verus 130–169 r. 161–169 | Lucius Verus 130–169 r. 161–169 | Lucius Verus 130–169 r. 161–169 |

## 192–235

The emperors from Pertinax to the beginning of the Crisis can be organised into one large dynasty (see Severan dynasty family tree), one smaller family and two unrelated emperors.
| Pertinax 126–193 r. 192–193 | Pertinax 126–193 r. 192–193 | Pertinax 126–193 r. 192–193 | Pertinax 126–193 r. 192–193 | Pertinax 126–193 r. 192–193 | Pertinax 126–193 r. 192–193 | | | Didius Julianus 133–193 r. 193 | Didius Julianus 133–193 r. 193 | Didius Julianus 133–193 r. 193 | Didius Julianus 133–193 r. 193 | Didius Julianus 133–193 r. 193 | Didius Julianus 133–193 r. 193 |
| Septimius Severus 145–211 r. 193–211 | Septimius Severus 145–211 r. 193–211 | Septimius Severus 145–211 r. 193–211 | Septimius Severus 145–211 r. 193–211 | | | Julia Domna 160–217 | Julia Domna 160–217 | Julia Domna 160–217 | Julia Domna 160–217 | | | | | Julia Maesa 165–224 | Julia Maesa 165–224 | Julia Maesa 165–224 | Julia Maesa 165–224 | | | | | | | Macrinus 165–218 r. 217–218 | Macrinus 165–218 r. 217–218 | Macrinus 165–218 r. 217–218 | Macrinus 165–218 r. 217–218 |
| Caracalla 188–217 r. 211–217 | Caracalla 188–217 r. 211–217 | Caracalla 188–217 r. 211–217 | Caracalla 188–217 r. 211–217 | Caracalla 188–217 r. 211–217 | Caracalla 188–217 r. 211–217 | | | Geta 189–211 r. 211 | Geta 189–211 r. 211 | Geta 189–211 r. 211 | Geta 189–211 r. 211 | Geta 189–211 r. 211 | Geta 189–211 r. 211 | Julia Soaemias 180–222 | Julia Soaemias 180–222 | Julia Soaemias 180–222 | Julia Soaemias 180–222 | Julia Soaemias 180–222 | Julia Soaemias 180–222 | | | Julia Avita Mamaea 180–235 | Julia Avita Mamaea 180–235 | Julia Avita Mamaea 180–235 | Julia Avita Mamaea 180–235 | Julia Avita Mamaea 180–235 | Julia Avita Mamaea 180–235 | Diadumenian 208–218 r. 218 | Diadumenian 208–218 r. 218 | Diadumenian 208–218 r. 218 | Diadumenian 208–218 r. 218 | Diadumenian 208–218 r. 218 | Diadumenian 208–218 r. 218 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Elagabalus 203–222 r. 218–222 | Elagabalus 203–222 r. 218–222 | Elagabalus 203–222 r. 218–222 | Elagabalus 203–222 r. 218–222 | | | Severus Alexander 208–235 r. 222–235 | Severus Alexander 208–235 r. 222–235 | Severus Alexander 208–235 r. 222–235 | Severus Alexander 208–235 r. 222–235 | | | | | | | | | | |

## 235–284

The emperors during the fifty-year period of the Crisis can be organised into eight families and six unrelated emperors, although no family held power for more than fifteen years.
| Maximinus I 173–238 r. 235–238 | Maximinus I 173–238 r. 235–238 | Maximinus I 173–238 r. 235–238 | Maximinus I 173–238 r. 235–238 | Maximinus I 173–238 r. 235–238 | Maximinus I 173–238 r. 235–238 | | | Gordian I 159–238 r. 238–238 | Gordian I 159–238 r. 238–238 | Gordian I 159–238 r. 238–238 | Gordian I 159–238 r. 238–238 | Gordian I 159–238 r. 238–238 | Gordian I 159–238 r. 238–238 | | | Pupienus 178–238 r. 238–238 | Pupienus 178–238 r. 238–238 | Pupienus 178–238 r. 238–238 | Pupienus 178–238 r. 238–238 | | | Balbinus 165–238 r. 238–238 | Balbinus 165–238 r. 238–238 | Balbinus 165–238 r. 238–238 | Balbinus 165–238 r. 238–238 |
| | | | | Gordian II 192–238 r. 238–238 | Gordian II 192–238 r. 238–238 | Gordian II 192–238 r. 238–238 | Gordian II 192–238 r. 238–238 | Gordian II 192–238 r. 238–238 | Gordian II 192–238 r. 238–238 | | | Maecia Faustina b. 201 | Maecia Faustina b. 201 | Maecia Faustina b. 201 | Maecia Faustina b. 201 | Maecia Faustina b. 201 | Maecia Faustina b. 201 | | | | | | | Philip 204–249 r. 244–249 | Philip 204–249 r. 244–249 | Philip 204–249 r. 244–249 | Philip 204–249 r. 244–249 | Philip 204–249 r. 244–249 | Philip 204–249 r. 244–249 | | | | | | | Decius 201–251 r. 249–251 | Decius 201–251 r. 249–251 | Decius 201–251 r. 249–251 | Decius 201–251 r. 249–251 | Decius 201–251 r. 249–251 | Decius 201–251 r. 249–251 | | | | | | | Gallus 206–253 r. 251–253 | Gallus 206–253 r. 251–253 | Gallus 206–253 r. 251–253 | Gallus 206–253 r. 251–253 | Gallus 206–253 r. 251–253 | Gallus 206–253 r. 251–253 |
| Aemilianus 210–253 r. 253–253 | Aemilianus 210–253 r. 253–253 | Aemilianus 210–253 r. 253–253 | Aemilianus 210–253 r. 253–253 | Aemilianus 210–253 r. 253–253 | Aemilianus 210–253 r. 253–253 | | | | | | | Gordian III 225–244 r. 238–244 | Gordian III 225–244 r. 238–244 | Gordian III 225–244 r. 238–244 | Gordian III 225–244 r. 238–244 | Gordian III 225–244 r. 238–244 | Gordian III 225–244 r. 238–244 | Valerian 200–260 r. 253–260 | Valerian 200–260 r. 253–260 | Valerian 200–260 r. 253–260 | Valerian 200–260 r. 253–260 | Valerian 200–260 r. 253–260 | Valerian 200–260 r. 253–260 | Philip II r. 247–249 | Philip II r. 247–249 | Philip II r. 247–249 | Philip II r. 247–249 | Philip II r. 247–249 | Philip II r. 247–249 | | | Etruscus 227–251 r. 251–251 | Etruscus 227–251 r. 251–251 | Etruscus 227–251 r. 251–251 | Etruscus 227–251 r. 251–251 | Etruscus 227–251 r. 251–251 | Etruscus 227–251 r. 251–251 | | | Hostilian 230–251 r. 251–251 | Hostilian 230–251 r. 251–251 | Hostilian 230–251 r. 251–251 | Hostilian 230–251 r. 251–251 | Hostilian 230–251 r. 251–251 | Hostilian 230–251 r. 251–251 | | | Volusianus d. 253 r. 251–253 | Volusianus d. 253 r. 251–253 | Volusianus d. 253 r. 251–253 | Volusianus d. 253 r. 251–253 | Volusianus d. 253 r. 251–253 | Volusianus d. 253 r. 251–253 |
| Claudius II 213–270 r. 268–270 | Claudius II 213–270 r. 268–270 | Claudius II 213–270 r. 268–270 | Claudius II 213–270 r. 268–270 | Claudius II 213–270 r. 268–270 | Claudius II 213–270 r. 268–270 | | | Quintillus 220–270 r. 270–270 | Quintillus 220–270 r. 270–270 | Quintillus 220–270 r. 270–270 | Quintillus 220–270 r. 270–270 | Quintillus 220–270 r. 270–270 | Quintillus 220–270 r. 270–270 | | | | | Gallienus 218–268 r. 253–268 | Gallienus 218–268 r. 253–268 | Gallienus 218–268 r. 253–268 | Gallienus 218–268 r. 253–268 | Gallienus 218–268 r. 253–268 | Gallienus 218–268 r. 253–268 | | | | | Aurelian 214–275 r. 270–275 | Aurelian 214–275 r. 270–275 | Aurelian 214–275 r. 270–275 | Aurelian 214–275 r. 270–275 | Aurelian 214–275 r. 270–275 | Aurelian 214–275 r. 270–275 | | | Tacitus 200–276 r. 275–276 | Tacitus 200–276 r. 275–276 | Tacitus 200–276 r. 275–276 | Tacitus 200–276 r. 275–276 | Tacitus 200–276 r. 275–276 | Tacitus 200–276 r. 275–276 | | | Florianus d. 276 r. 276 | Florianus d. 276 r. 276 | Florianus d. 276 r. 276 | Florianus d. 276 r. 276 | Florianus d. 276 r. 276 | Florianus d. 276 r. 276 |
| Probus 232–282 r. 276–282 | Probus 232–282 r. 276–282 | Probus 232–282 r. 276–282 | Probus 232–282 r. 276–282 | Probus 232–282 r. 276–282 | Probus 232–282 r. 276–282 | | | Carus 230–283 r. 282–283 | Carus 230–283 r. 282–283 | Carus 230–283 r. 282–283 | Carus 230–283 r. 282–283 | Carus 230–283 r. 282–283 | Carus 230–283 r. 282–283 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | Carinus d. 285 r. 283–285 | Carinus d. 285 r. 283–285 | Carinus d. 285 r. 283–285 | Carinus d. 285 r. 283–285 | Carinus d. 285 r. 283–285 | Carinus d. 285 r. 283–285 | | | Numerian d. 284 r. 283–284 | Numerian d. 284 r. 283–284 | Numerian d. 284 r. 283–284 | Numerian d. 284 r. 283–284 | Numerian d. 284 r. 283–284 | Numerian d. 284 r. 283–284 |

## 284–518

The emperors from the founding of the Dominate in 284, in the West until 476 and in the East until 518, can be organised into one large dynasty plus various unrelated emperors. During most of this periods, though not always, there where two senior emperors ruling in separate courts. This division became permanent after the death of Theodosius I in 395.
Western Roman Empire Eastern Roman Empire
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Diocletian 244–311 r. 284–305 | Diocletian 244–311 r. 284–305 | Diocletian 244–311 r. 284–305 | Diocletian 244–311 r. 284–305 | Diocletian 244–311 r. 284–305 | Diocletian 244–311 r. 284–305 | Prisca d. 315 | Prisca d. 315 | Prisca d. 315 | Prisca d. 315 | Prisca d. 315 | Prisca d. 315 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | Afranius Hannibalian | Afranius Hannibalian | Afranius Hannibalian | Afranius Hannibalian | Afranius Hannibalian | Afranius Hannibalian | Eutropia d. 325 | Eutropia d. 325 | Eutropia d. 325 | Eutropia d. 325 | Eutropia d. 325 | Eutropia d. 325 | Maximian 250–310 r. 286–305 | Maximian 250–310 r. 286–305 | Maximian 250–310 r. 286–305 | Maximian 250–310 r. 286–305 | Maximian 250–310 r. 286–305 | Maximian 250–310 r. 286–305 | Valeria | Valeria | Valeria | Valeria | Valeria | Valeria | | | | | | | Galerius 260–311 r. 305–311 | Galerius 260–311 r. 305–311 | Galerius 260–311 r. 305–311 | Galerius 260–311 r. 305–311 | Galerius 260–311 r. 305–311 | Galerius 260–311 r. 305–311 | unknown sister | unknown sister | unknown sister | unknown sister | unknown sister | unknown sister |
| | | | | | | Severus II r. 306–307 | Severus II r. 306–307 | Severus II r. 306–307 | Severus II r. 306–307 | Severus II r. 306–307 | Severus II r. 306–307 | Maximiana Theodora | Maximiana Theodora | Maximiana Theodora | Maximiana Theodora | Maximiana Theodora | Maximiana Theodora | Constantius I 250–306 r. 305–306 | Constantius I 250–306 r. 305–306 | Constantius I 250–306 r. 305–306 | Constantius I 250–306 r. 305–306 | Constantius I 250–306 r. 305–306 | Constantius I 250–306 r. 305–306 | Julia Helena 250–330 | Julia Helena 250–330 | Julia Helena 250–330 | Julia Helena 250–330 | Julia Helena 250–330 | Julia Helena 250–330 | | | | | | | Maxentius 278–312 r. 306–312 | Maxentius 278–312 r. 306–312 | Maxentius 278–312 r. 306–312 | Maxentius 278–312 r. 306–312 | Maxentius 278–312 r. 306–312 | Maxentius 278–312 r. 306–312 | Valeria Maximilla | Valeria Maximilla | Valeria Maximilla | Valeria Maximilla | Valeria Maximilla | Valeria Maximilla | Maximinus II 270–313 r. 311–313 | Maximinus II 270–313 r. 311–313 | Maximinus II 270–313 r. 311–313 | Maximinus II 270–313 r. 311–313 | Maximinus II 270–313 r. 311–313 | Maximinus II 270–313 r. 311–313 |
| Eutropia d. 350 | Eutropia d. 350 | Eutropia d. 350 | Eutropia d. 350 | Eutropia d. 350 | Eutropia d. 350 | Julius Constantius d. 337 | Julius Constantius d. 337 | Julius Constantius d. 337 | Julius Constantius d. 337 | Julius Constantius d. 337 | Julius Constantius d. 337 | Licinius c.265–325 r. 311–324 | Licinius c.265–325 r. 311–324 | Licinius c.265–325 r. 311–324 | Licinius c.265–325 r. 311–324 | Licinius c.265–325 r. 311–324 | Licinius c.265–325 r. 311–324 | Constantia 293–330 | Constantia 293–330 | Constantia 293–330 | Constantia 293–330 | Constantia 293–330 | Constantia 293–330 | Constantine I 272–337 r. 306–337 | Constantine I 272–337 r. 306–337 | Constantine I 272–337 r. 306–337 | Constantine I 272–337 r. 306–337 | Constantine I 272–337 r. 306–337 | Constantine I 272–337 r. 306–337 | Fausta 289–326 | Fausta 289–326 | Fausta 289–326 | Fausta 289–326 | Fausta 289–326 | Fausta 289–326 | Valerius Valens r. 316–317 | Valerius Valens r. 316–317 | Valerius Valens r. 316–317 | Valerius Valens r. 316–317 | Valerius Valens r. 316–317 | Valerius Valens r. 316–317 | Martinian r. 324 | Martinian r. 324 | Martinian r. 324 | Martinian r. 324 | Martinian r. 324 | Martinian r. 324 |
| Nepotianus r. 350 | Nepotianus r. 350 | Nepotianus r. 350 | Nepotianus r. 350 | Nepotianus r. 350 | Nepotianus r. 350 | Julianus II 331–363 r. 361–363 | Julianus II 331–363 r. 361–363 | Julianus II 331–363 r. 361–363 | Julianus II 331–363 r. 361–363 | Julianus II 331–363 r. 361–363 | Julianus II 331–363 r. 361–363 | Helena d. 360 | Helena d. 360 | Helena d. 360 | Helena d. 360 | Helena d. 360 | Helena d. 360 | Constantine II 316–340 r. 337–340 | Constantine II 316–340 r. 337–340 | Constantine II 316–340 r. 337–340 | Constantine II 316–340 r. 337–340 | Constantine II 316–340 r. 337–340 | Constantine II 316–340 r. 337–340 | Constantius II 317–361 r. 337–361 | Constantius II 317–361 r. 337–361 | Constantius II 317–361 r. 337–361 | Constantius II 317–361 r. 337–361 | Constantius II 317–361 r. 337–361 | Constantius II 317–361 r. 337–361 | Constans I 323–350 r. 337–350 | Constans I 323–350 r. 337–350 | Constans I 323–350 r. 337–350 | Constans I 323–350 r. 337–350 | Constans I 323–350 r. 337–350 | Constans I 323–350 r. 337–350 | | | | | | | Magnentius r. 350–353 | Magnentius r. 350–353 | Magnentius r. 350–353 | Magnentius r. 350–353 | Magnentius r. 350–353 | Magnentius r. 350–353 |
| | | | | | | Jovian 331–364 r. 363–364 | Jovian 331–364 r. 363–364 | Jovian 331–364 r. 363–364 | Jovian 331–364 r. 363–364 | Jovian 331–364 r. 363–364 | Jovian 331–364 r. 363–364 | Procopius (cousin) r. 365–366 | Procopius (cousin) r. 365–366 | Procopius (cousin) r. 365–366 | Procopius (cousin) r. 365–366 | Procopius (cousin) r. 365–366 | Procopius (cousin) r. 365–366 | | | | | | | | | | | | | Marina Severa d. 375 | Marina Severa d. 375 | Marina Severa d. 375 | Marina Severa d. 375 | Marina Severa d. 375 | Marina Severa d. 375 | Valentinian I 321–375 r. 364–375 | Valentinian I 321–375 r. 364–375 | Valentinian I 321–375 r. 364–375 | Valentinian I 321–375 r. 364–375 | Valentinian I 321–375 r. 364–375 | Valentinian I 321–375 r. 364–375 | Justina d. 388 | Justina d. 388 | Justina d. 388 | Justina d. 388 | Justina d. 388 | Justina d. 388 | Valens 328–378 r. 364–378 | Valens 328–378 r. 364–378 | Valens 328–378 r. 364–378 | Valens 328–378 r. 364–378 | Valens 328–378 r. 364–378 | Valens 328–378 r. 364–378 |
| | | | | | | Magnus Maximus r. 383–388 | Magnus Maximus r. 383–388 | Magnus Maximus r. 383–388 | Magnus Maximus r. 383–388 | Magnus Maximus r. 383–388 | Magnus Maximus r. 383–388 | | | | | | | Constantia 362–383 | Constantia 362–383 | Constantia 362–383 | Constantia 362–383 | Constantia 362–383 | Constantia 362–383 | Gratian 359–383 r. 375–383 | Gratian 359–383 r. 375–383 | Gratian 359–383 r. 375–383 | Gratian 359–383 r. 375–383 | Gratian 359–383 r. 375–383 | Gratian 359–383 r. 375–383 | Aelia Flaccilla d. 385 | Aelia Flaccilla d. 385 | Aelia Flaccilla d. 385 | Aelia Flaccilla d. 385 | Aelia Flaccilla d. 385 | Aelia Flaccilla d. 385 | Theodosius I 347–395 r. 379–395 | Theodosius I 347–395 r. 379–395 | Theodosius I 347–395 r. 379–395 | Theodosius I 347–395 r. 379–395 | Theodosius I 347–395 r. 379–395 | Theodosius I 347–395 r. 379–395 | Galla d. 394 | Galla d. 394 | Galla d. 394 | Galla d. 394 | Galla d. 394 | Galla d. 394 | Valentinian II 371–392 r. 388–392 | Valentinian II 371–392 r. 388–392 | Valentinian II 371–392 r. 388–392 | Valentinian II 371–392 r. 388–392 | Valentinian II 371–392 r. 388–392 | Valentinian II 371–392 r. 388–392 |
| | | | | | | Victor c. r. 385–388 | Victor c. r. 385–388 | Victor c. r. 385–388 | Victor c. r. 385–388 | Victor c. r. 385–388 | Victor c. r. 385–388 | Eugenius r. 392–394 | Eugenius r. 392–394 | Eugenius r. 392–394 | Eugenius r. 392–394 | Eugenius r. 392–394 | Eugenius r. 392–394 | Constantine III r. 407–411 | Constantine III r. 407–411 | Constantine III r. 407–411 | Constantine III r. 407–411 | Constantine III r. 407–411 | Constantine III r. 407–411 | Priscus Attalus r. 409 | Priscus Attalus r. 409 | Priscus Attalus r. 409 | Priscus Attalus r. 409 | Priscus Attalus r. 409 | Priscus Attalus r. 409 | Honorius 384–423 r. 395–423 | Honorius 384–423 r. 395–423 | Honorius 384–423 r. 395–423 | Honorius 384–423 r. 395–423 | Honorius 384–423 r. 395–423 | Honorius 384–423 r. 395–423 | Arcadius 377–408 r. 395–408 | Arcadius 377–408 r. 395–408 | Arcadius 377–408 r. 395–408 | Arcadius 377–408 r. 395–408 | Arcadius 377–408 r. 395–408 | Arcadius 377–408 r. 395–408 | Galla Placidia 392–450 | Galla Placidia 392–450 | Galla Placidia 392–450 | Galla Placidia 392–450 | Galla Placidia 392–450 | Galla Placidia 392–450 | Constantius III r. 421 | Constantius III r. 421 | Constantius III r. 421 | Constantius III r. 421 | Constantius III r. 421 | Constantius III r. 421 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Constans II r. 409–411 | Constans II r. 409–411 | Constans II r. 409–411 | Constans II r. 409–411 | Constans II r. 409–411 | Constans II r. 409–411 | Marcian 396–457 r. 450–457 | Marcian 396–457 r. 450–457 | Marcian 396–457 r. 450–457 | Marcian 396–457 r. 450–457 | Marcian 396–457 r. 450–457 | Marcian 396–457 r. 450–457 | Pulcheria 399–453 | Pulcheria 399–453 | Pulcheria 399–453 | Pulcheria 399–453 | Pulcheria 399–453 | Pulcheria 399–453 | Theodosius II 401–450 r. 408–450 | Theodosius II 401–450 r. 408–450 | Theodosius II 401–450 r. 408–450 | Theodosius II 401–450 r. 408–450 | Theodosius II 401–450 r. 408–450 | Theodosius II 401–450 r. 408–450 | Joannes r. 423–424 | Joannes r. 423–424 | Joannes r. 423–424 | Joannes r. 423–424 | Joannes r. 423–424 | Joannes r. 423–424 | | | | |
| unknown brother | unknown brother | unknown brother | unknown brother | unknown brother | unknown brother | Leo I 401–474 r. 457–474 | Leo I 401–474 r. 457–474 | Leo I 401–474 r. 457–474 | Leo I 401–474 r. 457–474 | Leo I 401–474 r. 457–474 | Leo I 401–474 r. 457–474 | Verina d. 484 | Verina d. 484 | Verina d. 484 | Verina d. 484 | Verina d. 484 | Verina d. 484 | Basiliscus r. 475–476 | Basiliscus r. 475–476 | Basiliscus r. 475–476 | Basiliscus r. 475–476 | Basiliscus r. 475–476 | Basiliscus r. 475–476 | Euphemia | Euphemia | Euphemia | Euphemia | Euphemia | Euphemia | Anthemius 420–472 r. 467–472 | Anthemius 420–472 r. 467–472 | Anthemius 420–472 r. 467–472 | Anthemius 420–472 r. 467–472 | Anthemius 420–472 r. 467–472 | Anthemius 420–472 r. 467–472 | Petronius Maximus 397–455 r. 455 | Petronius Maximus 397–455 r. 455 | Petronius Maximus 397–455 r. 455 | Petronius Maximus 397–455 r. 455 | Petronius Maximus 397–455 r. 455 | Petronius Maximus 397–455 r. 455 | Licinia Eudoxia 422–462 | Licinia Eudoxia 422–462 | Licinia Eudoxia 422–462 | Licinia Eudoxia 422–462 | Licinia Eudoxia 422–462 | Licinia Eudoxia 422–462 | Valentinian III 419–455 r. 425–455 | Valentinian III 419–455 r. 425–455 | Valentinian III 419–455 r. 425–455 | Valentinian III 419–455 r. 425–455 | Valentinian III 419–455 r. 425–455 | Valentinian III 419–455 r. 425–455 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | Marcus r. 475–476 | Marcus r. 475–476 | Marcus r. 475–476 | Marcus r. 475–476 | Marcus r. 475–476 | Marcus r. 475–476 | Avitus 385–456 r. 455–456 | Avitus 385–456 r. 455–456 | Avitus 385–456 r. 455–456 | Avitus 385–456 r. 455–456 | Avitus 385–456 r. 455–456 | Avitus 385–456 r. 455–456 | Majorian 420–461 r. 457–461 | Majorian 420–461 r. 457–461 | Majorian 420–461 r. 457–461 | Majorian 420–461 r. 457–461 | Majorian 420–461 r. 457–461 | Majorian 420–461 r. 457–461 | Severus III r. 461–465 | Severus III r. 461–465 | Severus III r. 461–465 | Severus III r. 461–465 | Severus III r. 461–465 | Severus III r. 461–465 | Olybrius r. 472 | Olybrius r. 472 | Olybrius r. 472 | Olybrius r. 472 | Olybrius r. 472 | Olybrius r. 472 | Placidia | Placidia | Placidia | Placidia | Placidia | Placidia | Glycerius r. 473–474 | Glycerius r. 473–474 | Glycerius r. 473–474 | Glycerius r. 473–474 | Glycerius r. 473–474 | Glycerius r. 473–474 |
| niece of Leo I | niece of Leo I | niece of Leo I | niece of Leo I | niece of Leo I | niece of Leo I | Julius Nepos r. 474–475 | Julius Nepos r. 474–475 | Julius Nepos r. 474–475 | Julius Nepos r. 474–475 | Julius Nepos r. 474–475 | Julius Nepos r. 474–475 | Zeno r. 474–475 r. 476–491 | Zeno r. 474–475 r. 476–491 | Zeno r. 474–475 r. 476–491 | Zeno r. 474–475 r. 476–491 | Zeno r. 474–475 r. 476–491 | Zeno r. 474–475 r. 476–491 | Ariadne 450–515 | Ariadne 450–515 | Ariadne 450–515 | Ariadne 450–515 | Ariadne 450–515 | Ariadne 450–515 | Anastasius I 430–518 r. 491–518 | Anastasius I 430–518 r. 491–518 | Anastasius I 430–518 r. 491–518 | Anastasius I 430–518 r. 491–518 | Anastasius I 430–518 r. 491–518 | Anastasius I 430–518 r. 491–518 | Leontia | Leontia | Leontia | Leontia | Leontia | Leontia | Marcianus | Marcianus | Marcianus | Marcianus | Marcianus | Marcianus | Orestes c. 420–476 | Orestes c. 420–476 | Orestes c. 420–476 | Orestes c. 420–476 | Orestes c. 420–476 | Orestes c. 420–476 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Leo II 467–474 r. 474 | Leo II 467–474 r. 474 | Leo II 467–474 r. 474 | Leo II 467–474 r. 474 | Leo II 467–474 r. 474 | Leo II 467–474 r. 474 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Romulus c. 465–520? r. 475–476 | Romulus c. 465–520? r. 475–476 | Romulus c. 465–520? r. 475–476 | Romulus c. 465–520? r. 475–476 | Romulus c. 465–520? r. 475–476 | Romulus c. 465–520? r. 475–476 |