# 2023 term opinions of the Supreme Court of the United States

The 2023 term of the Supreme Court of the United States began October 2, 2023, and concluded October 6, 2024. The table below illustrates which opinion was filed by each justice in each case and which justices joined each opinion.

## Table key

| | Delivered the Court's opinion | Joined the Court's opinion | Filed a concurrence | Joined a concurrence |
| | Filed a dissent | Joined a dissent | Filed a concurrence/dissent | Joined a concurrence/dissent |
| | Filed a statement | Joined a statement | Did not participate in the decision |
| Decisions that do not note an argument date were decided without oral argument. Decisions that do not note a Justice delivering the Court's opinion are per curiam. Multiple concurrences and dissents within a case are numbered, with joining votes numbered accordingly. Justices frequently join multiple opinions in a single case; each vote is subdivided accordingly. An asterisk ( * ) in the Court's opinion denotes that it was only a majority in part or a plurality. An asterisk in a joining vote denotes that the justice joined it only in part. A dash ( - ) denotes that the Justice voted without filing or joining an opinion. ||||||||

## 2023 term opinions

| # | Case name and citation | Argued | Decided | Roberts | Thomas | Alito | Sotomayor | Kagan | Gorsuch | Kavanaugh | Barrett | Jackson |
| 1 | Acheson Hotels, LLC v. Laufer, 601 U.S. 1 | October 4, 2023 | December 5, 2023 | | 1 | | | | | | | 2 |
| 2 | Murray v. UBS Securities, LLC, 601 U.S. 23 | October 10, 2023 | February 8, 2024 | | | | | | | | | |
| 3 | Department of Agriculture Rural Development Rural Housing Service v. Kirtz, 601 U.S. 42 | November 6, 2023 | February 8, 2024 | | | | | | | | | |
| 4 | Great Lakes Insurance SE v. Raiders Retreat Realty Co., LLC, 601 U.S. 65 | October 10, 2023 | February 21, 2024 | | | | | | | | | |
| 5 | McElrath v. Georgia, 601 U.S. 87 | November 28, 2023 | February 21, 2024 | | | | | | | | | |
| 6 | Trump v. Anderson, 601 U.S. 100 | February 8, 2024 | March 4, 2024 | | | | 2 | 2 | | | *1 | 2 |
| 7 | Pulsifer v. United States, 601 U.S. 124 | October 2, 2023 | March 15, 2024 | | | | | | | | | |
| 8 | Lindke v. Freed, 601 U.S. 187 | October 31, 2023 | March 15, 2024 | | | | | | | | | |
| 9 | O'Connor-Ratcliff v. Garnier, 601 U.S. 205 | October 31, 2023 | March 15, 2024 | | | | | | | | | |
| 10 | Wilkinson v. Garland, 601 U.S. 209 | November 28, 2023 | March 19, 2024 | 12 | 2 | 2 | | | | | | |
| 11 | Federal Bureau of Investigation v. Fikre, 601 U.S. 234 | January 8, 2024 | March 19, 2024 | | | | | | | | | |
| 12 | Bissonnette v. LePage Bakeries Park St., LLC, 601 U.S. 246 | February 20, 2024 | April 12, 2024 | | | | | | | | | |
| 13 | Macquarie Infrastructure Corp. v. Moab Partners, L.P., 601 U.S. 257 | January 16, 2024 | April 12, 2024 | | | | | | | | | |
| 14 | Sheetz v. County of El Dorado, 601 U.S. 267 | January 9, 2024 | April 12, 2024 | | | | 1 | 3 | 2 | 3 | | 13 |
| 15 | DeVillier v. Texas, 601 U.S. 285 | January 16, 2024 | April 16, 2024 | | | | | | | | | |
| 16 | Rudisill v. McDonough, 601 U.S. 294 | November 8, 2023 | April 16, 2024 | | | | | | | | | |
| 17 | McIntosh v. United States, 601 U.S. 330 | February 27, 2024 | April 17, 2024 | | | | | | | | | |
| 18 | Muldrow v. City of St. Louis, 601 U.S. 346 | December 6, 2023 | April 17, 2024 | | 1 | 2 | | | | 3 | | |
| 19 | Warner Chappell Music, Inc. v. Nealy, 601 U.S. 366 | February 21, 2024 | May 9, 2024 | | | | | | | | | |
| 20 | Culley v. Marshall, 601 U.S. 377 | October 30, 2023 | May 9, 2024 | | | | | | | | | |
| 21 | Consumer Financial Protection Bureau v. Community Financial Services Ass'n of America, Ltd., 601 U.S. 416 | October 3, 2023 | May 16, 2024 | | | | 1 | 1 | | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| 22 | Smith v. Spizzirri, 601 U.S. 472 | April 22, 2024 | May 16, 2024 | | | | | | | | | |
| 23 | Harrow v. Department of Defense, 601 U.S. 480 | March 25, 2024 | May 16, 2024 | | | | | | | | | |
| 24 | Alexander v. South Carolina State Conference of the NAACP, 602 U.S. 1 | October 11, 2023 | May 23, 2024 | | * | | | | | | | |
| 25 | Brown v. United States, 602 U.S. 101 | November 27, 2023 | May 23, 2024 | | | | | | * | | | |
| 26 | Coinbase, Inc. v. Suski, 602 U.S. 143 | February 28, 2024 | May 23, 2024 | | | | | | | | | |
| 27 | Thornell v. Jones, 602 U.S. 154 | April 17, 2024 | May 30, 2024 | | | | 1 | 1 | | | | 2 |
| 28 | National Rifle Association of America v. Vullo, 602 U.S. 175 | March 18, 2024 | May 30, 2024 | | | | | | 1 | | | 2 |
| 29 | Cantero v. Bank of America, N. A., 602 U.S. 205 | February 27, 2024 | May 30, 2024 | | | | | | | | | |
| 30 | Becerra v. San Carlos Apache Tribe, 602 U.S. 222 | March 25, 2024 | June 6, 2024 | | | | | | | | | |
| 31 | Connelly v. United States, 602 U.S. 257 | March 27, 2024 | June 6, 2024 | | | | | | | | | |
| 32 | Truck Insurance Exchange v. Kaiser Gypsum Co., 602 U.S. 268 | March 19, 2024 | June 6, 2024 | | | | | | | | | |
| 33 | Vidal v. Elster, 602 U.S. 286 | November 13, 2023 | June 13, 2024 | *1 | * | | 2*3 | 23 | | *1 | *2 | 2*3 |
| 34 | Starbucks Corp. v. McKinney, 602 U.S. 339 | April 23, 2024 | June 13, 2024 | | | | | | | | | |
| 35 | FDA v. Alliance for Hippocratic Medicine, 602 U.S. 367 | March 26, 2024 | June 13, 2024 | | | | | | | | | |
| 36 | Garland v. Cargill, 602 U.S. 406 | February 28, 2024 | June 14, 2024 | | | | | | | | | |
| 37 | Campos-Chaves v. Garland, 602 U.S. 447 | January 8, 2024 | June 14, 2024 | | | | | | | | | |
| 38 | Office of the United States Trustee v. John Q. Hammons Fall 2006, LLC, 602 U.S. 487 | January 9, 2024 | June 14, 2024 | | | | | | | | | |
| 39 | Diaz v. United States, 602 U.S. 526 | March 19, 2024 | June 20, 2024 | | | | | | | | | |
| 40 | Chiaverini v. City of Napoleon, 602 U.S. 556 | April 15, 2024 | June 20, 2024 | | 1 | 1 | | | 2 | | | |
| 41 | Moore v. United States, 602 U.S. 572 | December 5, 2023 | June 20, 2024 | | | 2 | | | | | 2 | 1 |
| 42 | Gonzalez v. Trevino, 602 U.S. 653 | March 20, 2024 | June 20, 2024 | | | 1 | 3 | | | 2 | | 3 |
| 43 | United States v. Rahimi, 602 U.S. 680 | November 7, 2023 | June 21, 2024 | | | | 1 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| 44 | Smith v. Arizona, 602 U.S. 779 | January 10, 2024 | June 21, 2024 | 3 | *1 | 3 | | | *2 | | | |
| 45 | Erlinger v. United States, 602 U.S. 821 | March 27, 2024 | June 21, 2024 | 1 | 2 | 1 | | | | 1 | | 1*2 |
| 46 | Department of State v. Muñoz, 602 U.S. 899 | April 23, 2024 | June 21, 2024 | | | | | | | | | |
| 47 | Texas v. New Mexico and Colorado, 602 U.S. 943 | March 20, 2024 | June 21, 2024 | | | | | | | | | |
| 48 | Snyder v. United States, 603 U.S. 1 | April 15, 2024 | June 26, 2024 | | | | | | | | | |
| 49 | Murthy v. Missouri, 603 U.S. 43 | March 18, 2024 | June 26, 2024 | | | | | | | | | |
| 50 | SEC v. Jarkesy, 603 U.S. 109 | November 29, 2023 | June 27, 2024 | | | | | | | | | |
| 51 | Harrington v. Purdue Pharma L.P., 603 U.S. 204 | December 4, 2023 | June 27, 2024 | | | | | | | | | |
| 52 | Ohio v. EPA, 603 U.S. 279 | February 21, 2024 | June 27, 2024 | | | | | | | | | |
| 53 | Moyle v. United States, 603 U.S. 324 | April 24, 2024 | June 27, 2024 | 2 | | | 1 | 1 | * | 2 | 2 | 1* |
| 54 | Loper Bright Enterprises v. Raimondo, 603 U.S. 369 | January 17, 2024 | June 28, 2024 | | 1 | | | | 2 | | | |
| 55 | Fischer v. United States, 603 U.S. 480 | April 16, 2024 | June 28, 2024 | | | | | | | | | |
| 56 | City of Grants Pass v. Johnson, 603 U.S. 520 | April 22, 2024 | June 28, 2024 | | | | | | | | | |
| 57 | Trump v. United States, 603 U.S. 593 | April 25, 2024 | July 1, 2024 | | 1 | | 1 | 1 | | | *2 | 12 |
| 58 | Moody v. NetChoice, LLC, 603 U.S. 707 | February 26, 2024 | July 1, 2024 | | 34 | 4 | | | 4 | | 1 | *2 |
| 59 | Corner Post, Inc. v. Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, 603 U.S. 799 | February 20, 2024 | July 1, 2024 | | | | | | | | | |
| 60 | Department of Education v. Louisiana, 603 U.S. 866 | | August 16, 2024 | | | | | | | | | |
| # | Case name and citation | Argued | Decided | Roberts | Thomas | Alito | Sotomayor | Kagan | Gorsuch | Kavanaugh | Barrett | Jackson |

## 2023 term membership and statistics

This was the nineteenth term of Chief Justice Roberts's tenure and the second term with the current membership.
| Justice | Justice | Appointment history | Appointment history | Agreement with judgment | Agreement with judgment | Opinions filed | Opinions filed | Opinions filed | Opinions filed | Opinions filed |
| Seniority | Name | President | Date confirmed | % | # | | | | | Total |
| Chief Justice | John Roberts | George W. Bush | September 29, 2005 | 96.7% | 58/60 | 7 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 9 |
| Associate Justice | Clarence Thomas | George H. W. Bush | October 15, 1991 | 80% | 48/60 | 7 | 11 | 0 | 5 | 23 |
| Associate Justice | Samuel Alito | George W. Bush | January 31, 2006 | 83.1% | 49/59 | 4 | 8 | 0 | 4 | 16 |
| Associate Justice | Sonia Sotomayor | Barack Obama | August 6, 2009 | 70% | 42/60 | 7 | 4 | 0 | 8 | 19 |
| Associate Justice | Elena Kagan | Barack Obama | August 7, 2010 | 70% | 42/60 | 7 | 3 | 0 | 2 | 12 |
| Associate Justice | Neil Gorsuch | Donald Trump | April 7, 2017 | 78.3% | 47/60 | 6 | 10 | 0 | 5 | 21 |
| Associate Justice | Brett Kavanaugh | Donald Trump | October 6, 2018 | 95% | 57/60 | 6 | 7 | 0 | 3 | 16 |
| Associate Justice | Amy Coney Barrett | Donald Trump | October 26, 2020 | 91.7% | 55/60 | 6 | 7 | 0 | 2 | 15 |
| Associate Justice | Ketanji Brown Jackson | Joe Biden | April 7, 2022 | 68.3% | 41/60 | 5 | 11 | 2 | 7 | 25 |
| Notes on statistics: Opinion counts only include the bench opinions listed above; opinions relating to orders or in-chambers opinions are not included. Agreement with the Court's judgment does not guarantee agreement with the reasoning expressed in its opinion. A justice is not considered in agreement if they dissented even in part. Agreement percentages are based only on the listed cases in which a justice participated and are rounded to the nearest one-tenth of one percentage point. Individual opinion counts will not match the Court's totals; Sotomayor, Kagan, and Jackson jointly authored the concurrence in Trump v. Anderson, and it is counted separately for the justices but counted only once in the Court's totals. | Notes on statistics: Opinion counts only include the bench opinions listed above; opinions relating to orders or in-chambers opinions are not included. Agreement with the Court's judgment does not guarantee agreement with the reasoning expressed in its opinion. A justice is not considered in agreement if they dissented even in part. Agreement percentages are based only on the listed cases in which a justice participated and are rounded to the nearest one-tenth of one percentage point. Individual opinion counts will not match the Court's totals; Sotomayor, Kagan, and Jackson jointly authored the concurrence in Trump v. Anderson, and it is counted separately for the justices but counted only once in the Court's totals. | Notes on statistics: Opinion counts only include the bench opinions listed above; opinions relating to orders or in-chambers opinions are not included. Agreement with the Court's judgment does not guarantee agreement with the reasoning expressed in its opinion. A justice is not considered in agreement if they dissented even in part. Agreement percentages are based only on the listed cases in which a justice participated and are rounded to the nearest one-tenth of one percentage point. Individual opinion counts will not match the Court's totals; Sotomayor, Kagan, and Jackson jointly authored the concurrence in Trump v. Anderson, and it is counted separately for the justices but counted only once in the Court's totals. | Notes on statistics: Opinion counts only include the bench opinions listed above; opinions relating to orders or in-chambers opinions are not included. Agreement with the Court's judgment does not guarantee agreement with the reasoning expressed in its opinion. A justice is not considered in agreement if they dissented even in part. Agreement percentages are based only on the listed cases in which a justice participated and are rounded to the nearest one-tenth of one percentage point. Individual opinion counts will not match the Court's totals; Sotomayor, Kagan, and Jackson jointly authored the concurrence in Trump v. Anderson, and it is counted separately for the justices but counted only once in the Court's totals. | Notes on statistics: Opinion counts only include the bench opinions listed above; opinions relating to orders or in-chambers opinions are not included. Agreement with the Court's judgment does not guarantee agreement with the reasoning expressed in its opinion. A justice is not considered in agreement if they dissented even in part. Agreement percentages are based only on the listed cases in which a justice participated and are rounded to the nearest one-tenth of one percentage point. Individual opinion counts will not match the Court's totals; Sotomayor, Kagan, and Jackson jointly authored the concurrence in Trump v. Anderson, and it is counted separately for the justices but counted only once in the Court's totals. | Notes on statistics: Opinion counts only include the bench opinions listed above; opinions relating to orders or in-chambers opinions are not included. Agreement with the Court's judgment does not guarantee agreement with the reasoning expressed in its opinion. A justice is not considered in agreement if they dissented even in part. Agreement percentages are based only on the listed cases in which a justice participated and are rounded to the nearest one-tenth of one percentage point. Individual opinion counts will not match the Court's totals; Sotomayor, Kagan, and Jackson jointly authored the concurrence in Trump v. Anderson, and it is counted separately for the justices but counted only once in the Court's totals. | Totals | Totals | Totals | Totals | Totals | Totals |
| Notes on statistics: Opinion counts only include the bench opinions listed above; opinions relating to orders or in-chambers opinions are not included. Agreement with the Court's judgment does not guarantee agreement with the reasoning expressed in its opinion. A justice is not considered in agreement if they dissented even in part. Agreement percentages are based only on the listed cases in which a justice participated and are rounded to the nearest one-tenth of one percentage point. Individual opinion counts will not match the Court's totals; Sotomayor, Kagan, and Jackson jointly authored the concurrence in Trump v. Anderson, and it is counted separately for the justices but counted only once in the Court's totals. | Notes on statistics: Opinion counts only include the bench opinions listed above; opinions relating to orders or in-chambers opinions are not included. Agreement with the Court's judgment does not guarantee agreement with the reasoning expressed in its opinion. A justice is not considered in agreement if they dissented even in part. Agreement percentages are based only on the listed cases in which a justice participated and are rounded to the nearest one-tenth of one percentage point. Individual opinion counts will not match the Court's totals; Sotomayor, Kagan, and Jackson jointly authored the concurrence in Trump v. Anderson, and it is counted separately for the justices but counted only once in the Court's totals. | Notes on statistics: Opinion counts only include the bench opinions listed above; opinions relating to orders or in-chambers opinions are not included. Agreement with the Court's judgment does not guarantee agreement with the reasoning expressed in its opinion. A justice is not considered in agreement if they dissented even in part. Agreement percentages are based only on the listed cases in which a justice participated and are rounded to the nearest one-tenth of one percentage point. Individual opinion counts will not match the Court's totals; Sotomayor, Kagan, and Jackson jointly authored the concurrence in Trump v. Anderson, and it is counted separately for the justices but counted only once in the Court's totals. | Notes on statistics: Opinion counts only include the bench opinions listed above; opinions relating to orders or in-chambers opinions are not included. Agreement with the Court's judgment does not guarantee agreement with the reasoning expressed in its opinion. A justice is not considered in agreement if they dissented even in part. Agreement percentages are based only on the listed cases in which a justice participated and are rounded to the nearest one-tenth of one percentage point. Individual opinion counts will not match the Court's totals; Sotomayor, Kagan, and Jackson jointly authored the concurrence in Trump v. Anderson, and it is counted separately for the justices but counted only once in the Court's totals. | Notes on statistics: Opinion counts only include the bench opinions listed above; opinions relating to orders or in-chambers opinions are not included. Agreement with the Court's judgment does not guarantee agreement with the reasoning expressed in its opinion. A justice is not considered in agreement if they dissented even in part. Agreement percentages are based only on the listed cases in which a justice participated and are rounded to the nearest one-tenth of one percentage point. Individual opinion counts will not match the Court's totals; Sotomayor, Kagan, and Jackson jointly authored the concurrence in Trump v. Anderson, and it is counted separately for the justices but counted only once in the Court's totals. | Notes on statistics: Opinion counts only include the bench opinions listed above; opinions relating to orders or in-chambers opinions are not included. Agreement with the Court's judgment does not guarantee agreement with the reasoning expressed in its opinion. A justice is not considered in agreement if they dissented even in part. Agreement percentages are based only on the listed cases in which a justice participated and are rounded to the nearest one-tenth of one percentage point. Individual opinion counts will not match the Court's totals; Sotomayor, Kagan, and Jackson jointly authored the concurrence in Trump v. Anderson, and it is counted separately for the justices but counted only once in the Court's totals. | 55 | 60 | 2 | 37 | 154 |