OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Fehrite

Fehrite is a hydroxyl-bearing, hydrated, copper-magnesium sulfate mineral approved by the International Mineralogical Association as a new species in 2019 and formally described in 2021 from specimens obtained from the Casualidad mine, located near Baños de Sierra Alhamilla, in Pechina (Almería), Spain, which is consequently the type locality. The name is a tribute to Karl Thomas Fehr, Professor of Mineralogy at the Ludwig Maximilian University in Munich (Germany).

## Properties

Fehrite is the only magnesium copper sulfate known so far. It is isostructural with ktenasite and gobelinite, with magnesium instead of zinc and cobalt. It is found as radiating aggregates of elongated, tabular, ribbon-like crystals with a maximum length of 200 μm. In addition to the elements of the formula, its composition includes significant proportions of Zn and traces of Mn.

## Deposits

Fehrite is a secondary mineral produced by the altering of sulfides. It seems to be a very rare mineral, and so far, it has only been found in two localities: At the type locality, the Casualidad mine, in Pechina (Almeria), Spain, it was seen as an alteration product of tetrahedrite. It is associated with kapellasite, connellite and serpierite. Its appearance is very similar to serpierite, in which the presence of slight greenish tones in the fehrite can be differentiated. In contrast, the colour of serpierite is sky blue, without green tones. It is also found in the Les Ferreres mine, Rocabruna, Camprodón (Gerona), Spain.
# Yan (Five Dynasties period)

Yan (Chinese: 燕), sometimes known in historiography as Jie Yan (桀燕), was a short-lived monarchical state in the vicinity of present-day Beijing at the beginning of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period. Yan, established by Liu Shouguang in 911, only lasted for two years before its destruction by Li Cunxu of the Former Jin dynasty.
As the only ruler of Yan, Liu Shouguang was noted for his cruelty. The state of Yan was therefore sometimes referred to as Jie Yan, in reference to the tyrannical ruler Jie of the Xia dynasty.
# Assyr Abdulle

Assyr Abdulle (19 January 1971 – 1 September 2021) was a Swiss mathematician. He specialized in numerical mathematics.

## Biography

Abdulle earned a doctorate in mathematics under Gerhard Wanner and Ernst Hairer at the University of Geneva with the thesis Méthodes de Chebyshev basées sur des polynômes orthogonaux. He also earned a degree in violin and music from the Conservatoire de Musique de Genève in 1993. From 2001 to 2002, he was a postdoctoral researcher at Princeton University and worked at the computational laboratory at ETH Zurich from 2002 to 2003. In 2003, he became an assistant professor at the University of Basel and an associate professor at the University of Edinburgh in 2007. He then became a full professor at the École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne. At the school, he started the master's degree in computational science. In 2016, he became Director of the Institut Mathicse and was founding Director of the Institut de Mathématiques in 2017.
Abdulle was impassioned with modeling and numerical simulations in biology, chemistry, geology, and medicine. He notably contributed to the development of heterogeneous multi-scale methods. He developed methods for solving multiscale and ergodic stochastic problems. He also invented the Orthogonal Runge-Kutta-Chebyshev, which was used to solve stiff differential equations which were then generalized to multiscale stochastic systems.
In 2005, Abdulle won the New Talent Award at the International Conference on Scientific Computation and Differential Equations. He received an advanced research fellowship from the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council in 2007. In 2009, he won the James H. Wilkinson Prize in Numerical Analysis and Scientific Computing, awarded by the Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, for his contributions to applied mathematics. He won the Germund Dahlquist Prize in 2013.
Assyr Abdulle died on 1 September 2021 at the age of 50.
# 1956–57 SM-sarja season

The 1956–57 SM-sarja season was the 26th season of the SM-sarja, the top level of ice hockey in Finland. 10 teams participated in the league, and Ilves Tampere won the championship.

## Regular season
### Group A

| | Club | GP | W | T | L | GF–GA | Pts |
| 1. | Ilves Tampere | 8 | 8 | 0 | 0 | 53:19 | 16 |
| 2. | Tarmo Hämeenlinna | 8 | 4 | 0 | 4 | 34:31 | 8 |
| 3. | Jymy-Kiekko Kokkola | 8 | 3 | 1 | 4 | 45:33 | 7 |
| 4. | Vesa Helsinki | 8 | 3 | 0 | 5 | 29:61 | 6 |
| 5. | TK-V Tampere | 8 | 1 | 1 | 6 | 22:39 | 3 |

### Group B

| | Club | GP | W | T | L | GF–GA | Pts |
| 1. | TPS Turku | 8 | 6 | 0 | 2 | 40:22 | 12 |
| 2. | Tappara Tampere | 8 | 6 | 0 | 2 | 33:19 | 12 |
| 3. | HPK Hämeenlinna | 8 | 5 | 1 | 2 | 29:26 | 11 |
| 4. | HJK Helsinki | 8 | 1 | 1 | 6 | 21:34 | 3 |
| 5. | Karhu-Kissat Helsinki | 8 | 1 | 0 | 7 | 10:32 | 2 |

#### Qualification for final

* TPS Turku - Tappara Tampere 8:1

## 3rd place

* Tarmo Hämeenlinna - Tappara Tampere 1:6/3:1

## Final

* Ilves Tampere - TPS Turku 4:2/7:5
| Preceded by1955–56 SM-sarja season | SM-sarja season 1956–57 | Succeeded by1957–58 SM-sarja season |
# Ruby (car)

Ruby was a French manufacturer of cyclecars. After automobile production ended they remained in business as an engine builder.

## Company history

The company which built the Ruby cars and engines was called H. Godefroy et Lévêque and was located in Levallois-Perret, in northwestern Paris. In 1909 they began building automobiles under their own names, the production of which ended by 1922. After the building of automobiles came to an end the company proceeded to develop and sell proprietary engines to a large number of small light car manufacturers. Some of the earlier cyclecars were marketed under the "Super" brand until 1919 or thereabouts.

## Automobiles

Until 1914 Godefroy et Lévêque offered three single-cylinder cars and three two-cylinder versions, from 6CV to 12CV. They were also sold in England (until 1912) as the "Elburn-Ruby" and until 1914 as the "Tweenie". In 1919 an inline-four engined version appeared.

## Engines

Ruby engines were installed in a large number of different brands of light cars and cyclecars, including but not limited to: B.N.C., Coadou et Fleury, D’Yrsan, E.H.P., Georges Irat, Hinstin, JG Sport, Jousset, Kevah, Lambert, Le Cabri, Philos [de], Rally, Sandford, and Sénéchal. Production of Ruby engines did not recommence after World War II.
Ruby's first success was the "type A" 903 cc sidevalve "four", with a 55 mm bore and 95 mm stroke; this engine won a number of class victories in the very early 1920s. There was also the "AS" block, with a 57 mm bore for a 972 cc displacement. Ruby's first "1100" was the "OC Grand Sport" with 1094 cc (59 x 100 mm, the same dimensions as the Chapuis-Dornier "1100" engine of the same period). In early 1926 the "DS Grand Sport" appeared; of 60 x 97 mm bore and stroke it is a 1097 cc engine which produces between 30 and 34 PS (22 and 25 kW).
The Ruby K was a later, overhead valve supercharged performance version; with 62 x 90 mm bore and stroke it has a displacement of 1087 cc. Many of Ruby's other engines were also available with superchargers fitted, from René Cozette or other manufacturers.
# Wandering Stars (Aleichem novel)

Wandering Stars (Yiddish: Blonzhende Stern or Blundzhende Shtern) is a novel by Sholem Aleichem, serialized in Warsaw newspapers from 1909 to 1911. In it, Leibel, the son of a wealthy shtetl family, falls in love with cantor's daughter Reizel, and both fall for a traveling Yiddish theatre group. Separating and becoming successful performers in the West, under the names of Leo Rafalesco and Rosa Spivak, they eventually find each other again in America.
Two English translations of the novel exist: a 1952 abridged version by Frances Butwin (Wandering Star), and a 2009 unabridged version by Aliza Shevrin (with a foreword by Tony Kushner).
Yiddishpiel, a Yiddish theatre in Israel, adapted a stage production based on the novel, with book by Aya Kaplan and Joshua Sobol and direction by Aya Kaplan. The production opened in January 2016 at the Tzavta Theater in Tel Aviv and closed by March 2016.
# Timi Mulgrew

Timi Mulgrew (born September 16, 1992) is an American soccer player.

## Career
### College and amateur

Mulgrew played four years of college soccer at George Mason University between 2011 and 2014.
While at college, Mulgrew played with USL PDL club Ocean City Nor'easters in 2013.

### Professional

Mulgrew signed with MLS side New England Revolution on March 18, 2015. He was loaned to New England's United Soccer League affiliate Rochester Rhinos on April 3, 2015.
# Stefan Drews

Stefan Drews (born 12 February 1979 in Hamburg) is a retired German decathlete.
He finished 4th in the decathlon at the 1998 World Junior Championships in Athletics. He finished 7th in the decathlon at the 2006 European Athletics Championships in Gothenburg.
He also competed in the 2004 Summer Olympics, where he ranked 19th.
# Comondú Municipality

Comondú is a municipality in the Mexican state of Baja California Sur. It had a population of 73,021 inhabitants in 2020. With a land area of 16,318.6 km$^2$ (7,072.9 sq mi), it is the seventh-largest municipality in area in Mexico. The municipal seat is located in Ciudad Constitución.
The Spanish missions of San José de Comondú and San Luis Gonzaga are located in this municipality. The Rocas Alijos, a group of tiny uninhabited rocks that are 300 km west off the coast, are part of the municipality.

## Politics

The Municipality of Comondú was one of the first three municipalities created in the then Federal South Territory of Baja California as part of a presidential decree of 1971, after a constitutional amendment allowing the creation and election of local councils in the territory, hitherto divided into political delegations. Dated January 1, 1972 Comondú was formally the first City Council. The township government rests with the council; it consists of the Mayor, a trustee and a council composed of fourteen aldermen; the city council is elected for a period of three years by popular vote (direct and secret), starting every April 30 of the election year.
As of March 1, 2021, the municipality reported 1,740 recoveries, 26 active cases, and 158 deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico.

## Demographics

As of 2020, the municipality had a total population of 73,031.
The municipality had 589 localities, the largest of which (with 2020 populations in parentheses) were: Ciudad Constitución (43,805 hab.), Ciudad Insurgentes (9,133 hab.), Puerto San Carlos (5,742 hab.), classified as urban, and Puerto Adolfo López Mateos (2,227 hab.), Villa Ignacio Zaragoza (1,304 hab.), and Villa Morelos (1,189 hab.), classified as rural.
# Gitte Hænning

Gitte Hænning (born 29 June 1946) is a Danish singer and film actress, who rose to fame as a child star in the 1950s.
She was known primarily mononymously (without a surname) in Europe. She moved to Sweden in 1958. Her first hit in Swedish was "Tror du jag ljuger" from 1961. As a teenager, Gitte sang popular hits in German, English, Italian (4 songs: "Amo Johnny", "Parla", "La mela", and "Il ricordo", recorded on two singles), and Danish. She had five different number one hits in three countries: one in Denmark, two in Sweden, and two in Germany. Her first German number one song was "Ich will 'nen Cowboy als Mann".
This recording sold 1.05 million copies by mid 1965, earning Gitte a gold disc.
In 1962, she attempted to compete for Denmark in the Eurovision Song Contest with "Jeg Snakker med mig Selv", but was disqualified because the composer, Sejr Volmer-Sørensen, had whistled the song in the canteen of the Danish Broadcasting Corporation.
In 1973, she competed for Germany in the Eurovision Song Contest with the song "Junger Tag". Her success continued after famous duets with Rex Gildo as 'Gitte & Rex' in a number of popular films. Gitte made an attempt to represent Luxembourg in the Eurovision Song Contest in 1978 with the song "Rien qu'une femme" but she lost out to the group Baccara. In the 1960s she also starred in several music and drama movies and on TV in Germany, Denmark, and Sweden.
Gitte was among the most popular Schlager (hit music) singers of the post-war era, and continued to be popular in Germany and Denmark even as American music increasingly dominated the airwaves in the 1970s. She recorded a jazz album with The Kenny Clarke-Francy Boland Big Band in 1968.
Through ensuing decades her singles still reached the German charts, but never with the same success she enjoyed in the 1960s. In the 1980s, she changed her image and performed more adult-oriented music. She won some awards as a singer/entertainer. Her chart entries ended in the mid-1980s, but she has continued to be a successful live performer to the present day. A number of compilation albums have been recently released in Germany, among them a biographical DVD.
From 2004 to 2006 she starred with two other Scandinavian entertainers, Wenche Myhre and Siw Malmkvist, in a huge stage and tour success. The live CD recording of their show entered the German charts. In 2010, she presented a new CD, which also had a German chart entry. She had her first chart entry in 1960 in Sweden and her last in 2010 in Germany.

## Selected filmography

* The World Revolves Around You (1964)
* In Bed by Eight (1965), as Prinzessin Margaret
* The Pipes (1966), as Mary Randy
* Hagbard and Signe (1967), as Signe
# The Absolute at Large

The Absolute at Large (Továrna na absolutno in the original Czech, literally translated as The Factory for the Absolute), is a science fiction novel written by Czech author Karel Čapek in 1922. The first sentence opens the story on New Year's Day 1943 - a future date at the time of writing - and describes the fundamental transformations in society as the result of a new mystical source of virtually free energy.

## Plot

The story centers on the invention of a reactor that can annihilate matter to produce cheap and abundant energy. Unfortunately, it produces something else as a by-product, the absolute. The absolute is a spiritual essence that according to some religious philosophies permeates all matter. It is associated with human religious experience, as an unsuspecting humanity is to find out all too soon in the story. The widespread adoption of the reactors cause an enormous outpouring of pure absolute into the world. This leads to an outburst of religious and nationalist fervor, causing the greatest, most global war in history.
Čapek describes this war in a self-consciously absurd manner. Characteristic of the war are distant military marches, hence for example "battles of the Chinese with the Senegalese riflemen on the shores of the Finnish lakes." Some of the more prominent political changes the war causes include expulsion of the Russian army to Africa (via Europe) by the Chinese invasion, the conquest of East Asia by Japan that cuts the Chinese conquests in Russia and Europe down to the limits of the former Austro-Hungarian empire, and the Japanese conquest of North America. (The latter was able to occur because the United States were exhausted by a bloody civil war between the supporters and opponents of the Prohibition.)
Absolute does more than affect minds. It also does physical work. During the war, it causes catastrophes against the enemy (various parts of absolute support any given side in the conflict). At some point, it also becomes interested in production of material goods and produces them, in a supernatural manner, in enormous quantities. This leads to economic collapse and, absurdly enough, deficit of all manufactured items because, allegedly, once the price of goods has dropped to zero because of absolute, nobody cares to produce or distribute them any more. Starvation is averted because although absolute does not produce food, the peasants who do naturally do not let the price drop to zero. In fact they force every last penny from the urban population in return for food, hence saving humanity.

## Critical reception

R. D. Mullen called the novel "one of the genuine masterpieces of SF", but noted that "it has surely had no great influence on popular SF".
# Ashtanga

Astanga or Ashtanga (aṣṭāṅga) is a Sanskrit compound translating to "having eight limbs or components". It may refer to:
* Ashtanga (eight limbs of yoga), the eight limbs of yoga as defined by Patanjali in his Yoga Sutras
* Raja yoga, Vivekananda's popularisation of Ashtanga Yoga
* Ashtanga (vinyasa) yoga, a style of asana-based modern yoga founded and popularized by K. Pattabhi Jois
* Ayurveda, the ancient Indian system of medicine, divided into eight limbs
# 450th Fighter Squadron

The 450th Fighter Squadron was established during World War II as a Replacement Training Unit for Republic P-47 Thunderbolt pilots until it was disbanded in a major reorganization of the Army Air Forces in 1944 designed to streamline training organizations.

## History

The squadron was established as the 450th Fighter Squadron and was activated in November 1943 at Richmond Army Air Base, Virginia. as one of the four original squadrons of the 87th Fighter Group. The squadron began operations with Republic P-47 Thunderbolts in January 1944 as a Replacement Training Unit (RTU). RTUs were oversized units which trained aircrews prior to their deployment to combat theaters and assignment to an operational group. In January 1944, group headquarters and the squadron moved to Camp Springs Army Air Field, Maryland, and two of the group's other squadrons transferred to Millville Army Air Field, New Jersey.
However, the Army Air Forces found that standard military units, based on relatively inflexible tables of organization were proving less well adapted to the training mission. Accordingly, a more functional system was adopted in which each base was organized into a separate numbered unit. while the groups and squadrons acting as RTUs were disbanded or inactivated. This resulted in the squadron being disbanded in the spring of 1944 and being replaced by the 112th AAF Base Unit (Fighter), which assumed its mission, personnel, and equipment.

## Lineage

* Constituted as the 450th Fighter Squadron (Single Engine) on 24 September 1943
    Activated on 1 November 1943
* Disbanded on 10 April 1944

### Assignments

* 87th Fighter Group: 1 November 1943 – 10 April 1944

### Stations

* Richmond Army Air Base, Virginia, 1 November 1943
* Camp Springs Army Air Field, Maryland, 21 January 1944 – 10 April 1944

### Aircraft

* Republic P-47 Thunderbolt (1943–1944)
# Fabulous Four

The Fabulous Four may refer to:
* Fab Four, the Beatles
* The Fabulous Four (Swedish band) (1965–1968), with Lalla Hansson
* a group of boxers from the 1980s consisting of Sugar Ray Leonard, Roberto Durán, Thomas Hearns, and Marvin Hagler
* a nickname for Naval Mobile Construction Battalion 4
* Fabulous Four or Spin Quartet, nickname for four spinners in Indian cricket: Bishan Singh Bedi, B. S. Chandrashekhar, E. A. S. Prasanna and S. Venkataraghavan
* a group of cricketers who all debuted around the same time: Virat Kohli, Joe Root, Kane Williamson, and Steve Smith (cricketer), coined in 2014 by Martin Crowe
* The Fabulous Four, a 2024 film directed by Jocelyn Moorhouse
* One of the Million Dollar Backfields
# Certified computer examiner

Certified computer examiner is a digital forensics professional recognised by International Society of Forensic Computer Examiners (ISFCE), established in 2003, a digital forensic establishment headquartered in New Jersey, USA.

## History

The Certified Computer Examiner (CCE) credential is a certification offered by the International Society of Forensic Computer Examiners (ISFCE). Since its introduction in 2003, over 1,700 professionals have obtained this certification. The course was created in response to the growing requirement for a computer forensics certification.
CCE certification is acknowledged by the International Society of Forensic Computer Examiners, categorized as a computer forensics analyst.

## Eligibility

To obtain the CCE certification, candidates must meet specific eligibility criteria and pass a rigorous assessment process, which includes:
* Application & Eligibility – Candidates must have at least 18 months of professional experience and training in computer forensics.
* Written Examination – A knowledge-based test covering core forensic principles, tools, and methodologies.
* Practical Examination – Candidates must complete real-world forensic analysis on provided forensic images and submit detailed reports.
* Code of Ethics Agreement – All CCE holders must adhere to a strict professional and ethical code.
* To become a CCE one has to also have at least 18 months of professional experience

## Recognition

The CCE certification is recognized in law enforcement, corporate security, and legal sectors, ensuring professionals meet high standards in forensic investigations. Expert witnesses in digital forensic trials who hold a CCE certification are frequently accepted by courts.
# Nicolás Falczuk

Nicolás Gastón Falczuk (Hebrew: ניקולאס פלצ'וק; born 16 November 1986) is a former Argentine-Israeli professional association football.

## Playing career

Falczuk put pen to paper on 4 August 2010 after impressing in a pre-season camp in Slovenia. Hapoel Acre have announced that they will work on getting Falczuk Israeli citizenship via the Law of Return for people of Jewish background.
# Jay Miller (anthropologist)

Jay Miller is an American anthropologist who is known for his wide-ranging fieldwork with and scholarship about different Native American groups, especially the Delaware (Lenape), Tsimshian, and Lushootseed Salish. He is himself of Lenape ancestry.
He grew up in upstate New York, where he was given a Mohawk (Iroquois) name.
As an undergraduate, he was influenced by the anthropologist Florence Hawley Ellis.
He received his Ph.D. from Rutgers University, for a dissertation on the Keresan Pueblo people. While in New Jersey, he began working with speakers of the Delaware language. In this context he was adopted and named in the Delaware Wolf clan, his clan mother being Nora Thompson Dean, with whom he collaborated on a publication on the Delaware "Big House" rite.
Friendship with the anthropologist Viola Garfield while living in Seattle led to fieldwork among the Tsimshian at Hartley Bay, British Columbia, where Miller was adopted into the Gispwudwada (Killerwhale clan).
He was formerly associate director of the D'Arcy McNickle Center for American Indian History at the Newberry Library in Chicago.
He has also done fieldwork with the Salish people at the Colville Indian Reservation in Washington state and received names among the Creek and Tewa tribes.
# Daniel Moerman

Daniel Ellis Moerman (born 1941) is an American medical anthropologist and ethnobotanist, and an emeritus professor of anthropology at the University of Michigan-Dearborn. He is known for his work relating to Native American ethnobotany and the placebo effect.

## Education and career

Moerman was born in Paterson, New Jersey. He received his AB, MA and PhD degrees in anthropology from the University of Michigan in 1963, 1965, and 1974, respectively. He became a professor of anthropology at the University of Michigan-Dearborn in 1984, and was appointed the William E. Stirton Professor of Anthropology at the university in 1994.

## Research

Moerman has spent over 25 years developing a catalogue of over 4,000 plants used by Native Americans for medicinal purposes. He has also published studies on the placebo effect, one of which found that more people with stomach ulcers were healed when taking four placebos per day than when taking two.

## Awards and honors

In 1991, Moerman became the first faculty member at the University of Michigan's Dearborn campus to receive the university's Distinguished Faculty Governance Award.