OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Fatou Baldeh

Fatou Baldeh MBE (born December 1983) is a Gambian women's rights activist who campaigns to end female genital mutilation (FGM).

## Early life and education

Baldeh underwent female genital mutilation at the age of seven and became a victim of mutilation similar to her mother.
Baldeh completed a bachelor's degree in Psychology and Health at the University of Wolverhampton and completed her master's degree in sexual and reproductive health at Queen Margaret University, Edinburgh.

## Career, activism and recognition

After completing her studies, she worked for the Dignity Alert Research Forum in Edinburgh working to strengthen the women's rights and human rights; she was appointed as the director of the Dignity Alert Research Forum in May 2015.
In 2013, she publicly pointed out the issues of female genital mutilation of girls in Scotland and she was heavily criticised for such statements. On 30 January 2014, Baldeh subsequently appeared before the Equal Opportunities Committee at the Scottish Parliament where she was asked to engage in an individual presentation to explain the about the measures and guidelines required to be implemented in order to prevent young women from being victims of FGM in Scotland.
After spending most of her life as an activist in Scotland, Baldeh returned to The Gambia in 2018. She founded the Women in Liberation and Leadership (WILL) organisation after returning to Gambia. She has also conducted workshops and seminars in Gambia and also at the International Center for Transitional Justice.
In March 2020, Baldeh received a She Award for her outstanding contribution in empowering girls and women in Gambia. In January 2020, she was given the MBE by the British High Commissioner to the Gambia, Sharon Wardle, as a result of the 2019 Special Honours, in recognition of her valuable efforts and commitments regarding advocating black minority and ethnic communities in Scotland.
She was named one of Time’s Women of the Year for 2025.
# Jari-Pekka Keurulainen

Jari-Pekka Keurulainen (born 7 April 1956) is a Finnish football coach and a former player who played as a defender. He is currently working as a physiotherapist and coach of the Finland national team.

## Honours

HJK
* Veikkausliiga: 1992
Individual
* Football Association of Finland Captain's Ball: 2019
# Wuhan Airlines Flight 343

Wuhan Airlines Flight 343 was a domestic scheduled passenger flight between Enshi Airport and Wuhan Wangjiadun Airport, both in Hubei province, Central China. On 22 June 2000, the Wuhan Airlines Xian Y-7, registration B-3479, flying the route crashed after encountering an area of adverse weather; the aircraft was struck by lightning and encountered windshear.
Immediately after the accident, China ordered all of Wuhan Airlines' Xian Y-7 aircraft be grounded. One month after the accident, they were allowed to resume service.
The accident remains the deadliest involving a Xian Y-7 aircraft.

## Accident

The Wuhan Airlines Xian Y-7 aircraft departed Enshi Airport, on 22 June 2000, for a flight to Wuhan. As the aircraft approached Wuhan, the flight crew were informed of adverse weather conditions in the area of the airport. The flight crew circled the airport for approximately 30 minutes, waiting for the weather to improve; during this time they debated whether to divert to another airport, but the pilot decided to continue to try and land at Wuhan.
Weather stations recorded 451 thunderclaps in ten minutes during the 30 minute period the aircraft was circling above the airport. At approximately 15:00 local time, the aircraft was impacted by windshear and struck by lightning, before it crashed in Sitai Village, Yongfeng Township. The fuselage came down between 20 kilometres (12 mi; 11 nmi) and 30 kilometres (19 mi; 16 nmi) from Wuhan in two sections; half of the aircraft fell on a dike on the Han River, the other half impacted with a farmhouse. All 40 passengers and four crew were killed, along with seven people on the ground.

## Aftermath

In the aftermath of the accident, the Civil Aviation Administration of China (CAAC) ordered all Wuhan Airlines' six other Xian Y-7 aircraft be grounded until the cause of the crash was determined. In July they were permitted to return to service after safety inspections were carried out and flight crews received more training. The CAAC ordered all Xian Y-7 aircraft be removed from scheduled passenger service by 1 June 2001.

## Cause

The cause was determined to be the adverse weather the aircraft encountered, specifically the lightning strike. Other causes were the flight crew and air traffic control both violating standard operating procedures for severe weather, and incorrect decision making by the captain.
# Aberdour railway station

Aberdour railway station is a railway station in the village of Aberdour, Fife, Scotland. The station is managed by ScotRail and is on the Fife Circle Line.

## History

Opened by the North British Railway in 1890 (as part of the approach routes linking the Edinburgh and Northern Railway to the new Forth Rail Bridge), it became part of the London and North Eastern Railway during the Grouping of 1923. The line then passed on to the Scottish Region of British Railways on nationalisation in 1948. When Sectorisation was introduced by British Rail, the station was served by the ScotRail sector until the Privatisation of British Railways. The station has won numerous awards for its gardens.
The station was the location of a camping coach in 1957.

## Passenger volume

Passenger Volume at Aberdour :
| | 2020-21 | 2021-22 | 2022-23 | 2023-24 |
| Entries and exits | 14,726 | 62,990 | 78,952 | 105,028 |

## Services

Aberdour is served by two trains per hour (weekday daytimes) which serve all stations between Edinburgh Waverley and Kirkcaldy. Both continue to Glenrothes with Thornton, where one terminates & returns to Edinburgh whilst the other continues around the Fife Circle Line returning to Edinburgh via Dunfermline. In the evening, the frequency drops to hourly, with most trains continuing to Dundee (though one runs to Perth instead). Sunday trains are also hourly, running round the Fife Circle.
| Preceding station | National Rail | National Rail | National Rail | Following station |
| Dalgety Bay | | ScotRail Fife Circle Line | | Burntisland |
# Aberdovey railway station

Aberdovey railway station (Welsh: Aberdyfi) serves the seaside resort of Aberdyfi in Gwynedd, Wales. The station is on the Cambrian Coast Railway with passenger services every two hours (weekday daytimes) calling at all stations between Machynlleth and Pwllheli, including Tywyn, Barmouth, Harlech and Porthmadog. Passengers can connect at Machynlleth for trains to Aberystwyth or Shrewsbury, Wolverhampton, Birmingham New Street and Birmingham International.

## History

The first station opened 24 October 1863 near the harbour on a short branch line south of the present station. It closed when the present station was opened in 1867 by the Aberystwith [sic] and Welsh Coast Railway, then run by the Cambrian Railways. It later became part of the Great Western Railway and then passed on to the London Midland Region of British Railways on nationalisation in 1948. When Sectorisation was introduced, the station was served by Regional Railways until the Privatisation of British Railways. Until the 1960s there was a summer service between London Paddington and Pwllheli, via Birmingham Snow Hill, Shrewsbury and Machynlleth.
The original station building is in use as a private residence. It is located next to a static caravan park which is all that lies between the station and the stretch of coastline between Aberdyfi and Tywyn, and next to the Aberdovey Golf Club.
The station was host to a GWR camp coach in 1939. At least one camping coach was positioned here by the Western Region from 1952 to 1962, there were two from 1957 to 1958 and three from 1959 to 1962 when the London Midland Region took over responsibility for the coaches, they had three here from 1963 to 1971.

## Facilities

Originally a two-platform station with a short branch line (only a few hundred yards long) to the harbour, the station is now a single-platform, unstaffed halt. Like many stations in Wales and the North of England, the station was constructed before standard platform heights were established and is very low. Aberdovey was the third UK railway station to receive a specially designed raised section - a Harrington Hump - to improve accessibility for passengers. This was funded by the Welsh Government. There are no ticketing facilities at the station, and there is also no waiting room. There is a free car park with 25 spaces.

## Passenger volume

Passenger Volume at Aberdovey :
| | 2019-20 | 2020-21 | 2021-22 | 2022-23 |
| Entries and exits | 36,560 | 5,396 | 22886 | 34,208 |

## Services

Transport for Wales run a two-hourly service each way on the Cambrian Coast Line from Machynlleth - where the route connects to the main Cambrian Line - to Pwllheli through Aberdyfi. Most services in the May 2016 timetable run to/from Birmingham International via Shrewsbury.
| Preceding station | National Rail | National Rail | National Rail | Following station |
| Tywyn | | Transport for Wales Cambrian Coast Line | | Penhelig |
| | Historical railways | Historical railways | Historical railways | |
| Towyn Line and station open | | Cambrian Railways Aberystwith and Welsh Coast Railway | | Penhelig Line and station open |
# Aberdulais Falls

The Aberdulais Falls are found on the River Dulais at Aberdulais, near Neath in the county borough of Neath Port Talbot, Wales. The falls are formed as the river plunges over beds of hard Lower Pennant Sandstone just before meeting the River Neath flowing down the Vale of Neath. They are home to one of Europe's largest electricity-generating water wheels.

## The falls

The River Dulais rises on Mynydd y Drum in the western Brecon Beacons. It flows down the Dulais Valley, through the villages of Seven Sisters and Crynant, before reaching its confluence with the River Neath after about 7 mi (11 km). Here it flows over a ridge of Pennant sandstone, entering a gorge that was carved by meltwater from a glacier 20,000 years ago. Originally the falls were nearer the sea, but the water has eroded the rock and cut its way back to its present location. The River Dulais is prone to flash floods when heavy rain falls in its catchment area.

## History

Power has been drawn from the waterfall since 1584, when it first provided energy used in the manufacture of copper, using ore imported from Cornwall. The copper-works ceased to operate early in the 17th century, and the site was later used for corn-milling and later as a tinplate works. The weir and waterwheel were added during the 19th century. The waterwheel used today is a modern steel structure. It is the largest waterwheel generating electricity in Europe, with a diameter of 8.2 m (27 ft). It has 72 buckets to catch the falling water and rotates at a rate of five revolutions per minute.

## The falls today

The falls and associated industrial infrastructure are in the care of the National Trust in recognition of the site's value as a key part of the region's industrial heritage. Car parking for visitors is available just off the A465 road which passes the site.
# Aberdyfi Castle

Aberdyfi Castle is a castle located near Glandyfi, Ceredigion, in Wales. All that now remains is the motte, which is referred to as Domen Las (traditionally meaning "blue mound" in Welsh).

## History

Aberdyfi Castle was founded by the Lord Rhys, Rhys ap Gruffydd in 1156, shortly after he had become ruler of Deheubarth. Rhys had heard rumours that Owain Gwynedd was planning to invade Ceredigion in order to reclaim it for Gwynedd. Rhys responded by building a castle at Aberdyfi. However, the threatened invasion did not take place, and Turvey claims that Owain's intention may have been to test the resolve of the new ruler. Rhys "raised a ditch to give battle", according to Brut y Tywysogion, known as the 'Chronicles of the Princes' in English.
Although the threat had not materialised, an earthwork topped by a timber castle was built on the site. A motte was constructed at the end of a low ridge running across marshy ground, surrounded on two sides by the confluence of the Dyfi and Einion rivers. The mound is still around 20 feet high with a diameter at the top of about 30 feet and it was originally surrounded by a deep ditch.
Roger de Clare, a Norman lord, attacked and captured the castle in about 1158. However, the Lord Rhys recaptured the castle the same year. Llywelyn the Great held an assembly at Aberdyfi Castle in 1216 where he supervised the parcelling-out of land in south Wales to the minor rulers of Deheubarth in return for their homage. Hitherto Llywelyn had ruled over Gwynedd only; however, the Aberdyfi assembly is seen as a crucial point in his reign, marking the moment at which the minor rulers of Wales submitted to Llywelyn's overlordship. In 1230 he began using the style 'prince of Aberffraw, lord of Snowdon' - in essence, a confirmation of his de facto position as prince of Wales.
# Suboestophora altamirai

Suboestophora altamirai is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Trissexodontidae, within the Helicoidea.
This species is endemic to Spain.
# 1952 Motocross European Championship

    500cc: Victor Leloup
The 1952 Motocross European Championship was the 1st edition of the Motocross European Championship organized by the FIM and reserved for 500cc motorcycles. Participants are split into two qualifying heat races. The top riders qualify for the Grand Prix which is contested in a single round. If the number of competitors is low, race organizers are allowed to cancel the qualifying heat races and all competitors take part in the Grand Prix race which is contested in a single round.
Since 1957 this championship has then become the current Motocross World Championship.
It should not be confused with the European Motocross Championship, now organized by the FIM Europe, whose first edition was held in 1988.

## Grands Prix

| Round | Date | Grand Prix | Location | Winner | Team | Report |
| 1 | June 1 | Italian Grand Prix | Imola | Auguste Mingels | Matchless | Report |
| 2 | August 3 | Belgian Grand Prix | Namur | Victor Leloup | Saroléa | Report |
| 3 | August 10 | Luxembourg Grand Prix | Ettelbruck | Victor Leloup | Saroléa | Report |
| 4 | August 24 | Swedish Grand Prix | Saxtorp | John Avery | BSA | Report |
| 5 | September 7 | French Grand Prix | Montreuil | Victor Leloup | Saroléa | Report |
| 6 | September 13 | British Grand Prix | Nympsfield | Brian Stonebridge | Greeves | Report |
| Sources: |||||||

## Final standings

Points are awarded to the top 6 classified finishers.
| Position | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 4th | 5th | 6th |
| Points | 8 | 6 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 |
| Pos | Rider | Machine | ITA | BEL | LUX | SWE | FRA | GBR | Pts |
| 1 | Victor Leloup | Saroléa | 3 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 4 | 28 |
| 2 | Auguste Mingels | Matchless | 1 | 2 | 2 | | | | 20 |
| 3 | John Avery | BSA | | | | 1 | 3 | | 12 |
| 4 | Marcel Cox | Matchless | 2 | 5 | | | 4 | | 11 |
| 5 | Nic Jansen | Saroléa | | 3 | | | 2 | | 10 |
| 6 | André Van Heuverzwijn | Saroléa | 5 | 6 | 4 | 5 | | | 8 |
| 6 | Brian Stonebridge | BSA | | | | | | 1 | 8 |
| 8 | Hans Danielsson | BSA | | | 6 | 2 | | | 8 |
| 9 | Basil Hall | BSA | 4 | 4 | | | | | 6 |
| 9 | Phil Nex | BSA | | | | | | 2 | 6 |
| 11 | Frans Baudoin | Matchless | 6 | | 5 | | 5 | | 5 |
| 12 | Marcel Meunier | FN | | | 3 | | | | 4 |
| 12 | Derek Rickman | BSA | | | | | | 3 | 4 |
| 14 | Fergus Andersson | Triumph | | | | 4 | | | 3 |
| 15 | Bud Ekins | Matchless | | | | | | 5 | 2 |
| 16 | Lennart Svensson | Triumph | | | | 6 | | | 1 |
| 16 | Harold Lines | Ariel | | | | | 6 | | 1 |
| 16 | Bill Barrugh | Dot | | | | | | 6 | 1 |
| Source: ||||||||||
# Jacob Bachmeier

Jacob Bachmeier (born January 29, 1998) is an American politician who served in the Montana House of Representatives from 2017 through 2021. A member of the Democratic Party, Bachmeier was elected to office at the age of 18, making him the youngest person ever to be elected to the Montana House of Representatives.

## Biography

Bachmeier graduated from Havre High School and attended Montana State University–Northern.

### Political career

Bachmeier announced his run for the House in November 2015 when he was a senior in high school. He turned 18 in January 2016, making him an eligible candidate for Montana public office, and picked fellow student Daniel Almas as his campaign manager.
Bachmeier was elected with 53% of the vote, defeating incumbent Republican Stephanie Hess. He was reelected in 2018 with 59% of the vote. In 2017, he was elected chair of the Hill County Democratic Central Committee.
In January 2020, Bachmeier announced he would not run for a third term.
In 2022, Bachmeier ran for a seat in the Montana Senate, seeking to represent District 12 in Great Falls. He lost to Republican Wendy McKamey.

## Personal life

Bachmeier is a Christian. His great-grandfather, Charles Manuel, also served in the Montana Legislature.

## Electoral history

Montana House District 28 Democratic primary, 2016 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Democratic | Jacob Bachmeier | 656 | 54.13 |
| | Democratic | Will Rawn | 556 | 45.88 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 1,212 | 100.00 |
Montana House District 28 election, 2016 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Democratic | Jacob Bachmeier | 2,231 | 53.45 |
| | Republican | Stephanie Hess | 1,943 | 46.55 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 4,174 | 100.00 |
# Luna Linea

Luna Linea is a dark linear feature (linea) on the dwarf planet Pluto. It was discovered by the New Horizons craft in July 2015 and named after the Luna program, a Soviet space exploration program that was the first to visit the Moon. The name was officially approved by the International Astronomical Union (IAU) on 11 April 2023.

## Geology

As Luna Linea was located on the opposite hemisphere (referred to as the far side or anti-encounter hemisphere) of Pluto when New Horizons was at closest approach, it was not imaged in detail. Nevertheless, Luna Linea is located in a region with several other linear dark features, including Chandrayaan Linea and Yutu Linea. The concentration of these linear features on Pluto's far side may relate to the ridge-trough system (RTS), a massive band of tectonized terrain which extends north to south across much of Pluto's encounter hemisphere. However, the alignment of Luna Linea and the other lineae does not appear to support this. Alternatively, the dark lineae may represent a region of disrupted terrain that formed due to the impact event which created Sputnik Planitia, as seismic energy from the impact may have concentrated at Sputnik Planitia's antipode, fracturing Pluto's crust. Luna Linea may be an eastern outlier of this antipodal terrain, or it may have formed by unrelated means.
# Khujin

Khujin (Persian: خوجين) is a village in, and the capital of, Khanandabil-e Sharqi Rural District in the Central District of Khalkhal County, Ardabil province, Iran.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the village's population was 2,720 in 773 households. The following census in 2011 counted 3,068 people in 871 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the village as 2,633 people in 799 households. It was the most populous village in its rural district.
# Cal Howard

Calvin Henry Howard (March 24, 1911 – September 10, 2008) was an American cartoon story artist, animator and director mostly remembered for his work at Walter Lantz Productions and Warner Bros. Cartoons. He was also the voice actor of Gabby Goat in Get Rich Quick Porky and Meathead Dog in Screwball Squirrel.

## Career

In the late 1920s, Howard became a story man and animator for Walter Lantz Productions, then Walt Disney Animation in 1929. During his career, he worked for several pioneer animators besides Lantz and Disney, including Max Fleischer and Ub Iwerks. From 1930 to 1933, Howard served as a story man for Iwerks and then Lantz.
In 1938, Howard left Warner Bros. Cartoons with his friend Tedd Pierce to work for Fleischer Studios in Miami, and served as the live-action model for Prince David in Fleischer's Gulliver's Travels. In the 1940s, Howard moved to a different studio. He left Fleischer for the Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer cartoon studio in 1942, where he served as an uncredited writer for Tom and Jerry. He was fired by Fred Quimby, after discovering that he brought alcohol to the ink and paint department during the Christmas holiday. Howard would move to Screen Gems, and later returned to Warner Bros 1949.
At 1974, Howard returned to Disney as a story artist. In 1949 Cal Howard moved from California to New York City, to work on NBC's Broadway Open House and Your Show of Shows. When Broadway Open House ended he was hired by Pat Weaver to be an associate producer and writer for the development of NBC's Today Show. He left NBC early in 1952 to return to California and work with Ralph Edwards. In the 1960s he returned to cartoon work, until his retirement. Cal Howard worked over seven animation studios in his lifetime and finally received the Annie Award in 1980 for lifetime achievement. He also served on the advisory board of the National Student Film Institute.
# Pauline Turner Strong

Pauline Turner Strong is an American anthropologist specializing in literary, historical, ethnographic, media, and popular representations of Native Americans. Theoretically her work has considered colonial and postcolonial representation, identity and alterity, and hybridity. She has also researched intercultural captivity narratives, intercultural adoption practices, and the appropriation of Native American symbols and practices in U.S. sports and youth organizations.
She received a B.A. in philosophy from Colorado College, and a Ph.D. in anthropology from the University of Chicago, where she studied with Raymond D. Fogelson and George W. Stocking, Jr.
She is professor of anthropology and women's and gender studies at the University of Texas, Austin, where she is also director of the Humanities Institute. In 2006 she received the Outstanding Graduate Teaching Award from the University of Texas at Austin.

## Selected works

* “‘Indian Blood’: Reflections on the Reckoning and Refiguring of Native North American Identity.” Cultural Anthropology 11, no. 4: 547-76. (1996)
* “Playing Indian in the 1990s: Pocahontas and The Indian in the Cupboard.” (1998) In Hollywood’s Indian: The Portrayal of the Native American in Film, pp. 187–205. Ed. Peter C. Rollins and John E. O’Connor. Lexington: University Press of Kentucky. 2d. ed., 2003.
* Theorizing the Hybrid. Special issue, Journal of American Folklore, vol. 112, no. 445 (1999).
* Captive Selves, Captivating Others: The Politics and Poetics of Colonial American Captivity Narratives. Westview Press/Perseus Books. (1999)
* "To Forget Their Tongue, Their Name, and Their Whole Relation." In Relative Values: Reconfiguring Kinship Studies, ed. Sarah Franklin and Susan McKinnon. Durham and London: Duke University Press. (2001)
* “Transforming Outsiders: Captivity, Adoption, and Slavery Reconsidered.” A Companion to American Indian History, pp. 339–356. Ed. Philip J. Deloria and Neal Salisbury. Malden, MA and Oxford, U.K.: Blackwell Publishers. (2002)
* “Representational Practices.” A Companion to the Anthropology of North American Indians, pp. 341–359. Ed. Thomas Biolsi. Malden, MA and Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishers. (2004)
* "Recent Ethnographic Research on North American Indigenous Peoples." Annual Review of Anthropology 34: 253–68. (2005)
* “What is an Indian Family? The Indian Child Welfare Act and the Renascence of Tribal Sovereignty.” Indigenous Peoples of the United States. Special issue: American Studies 46:3/4 (Fall-Winter 2005).
* New Perspectives on Native North America: Cultures, Histories, and Representations. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press. (2006)
* American Indians and the American Imaginary: Cultural Representation Across the Centuries. Boulder, CO: Paradigm Publishers. (2012)