OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Gyeongsan

Gyeongsan (Korean: 경산; Korean pronunciation:) is a satellite city in North Gyeongsang Province, South Korea. Its western border abuts the metropolitan city of Daegu, and much of Gyeongsan lies within the Daegu metropolitan area.
Numerous universities are located in Gyeongsan, such as Yeungnam University, Daegu University, Daekyeung University, Catholic University of Daegu, Daegu Haany University and Gyeongil University.
Gyeongsan was the host for the 38th International Chemistry Olympiad (2 July 2006 – 11 July 2006).

## City symbols

The city flower is the magnolia which grows well even in poor soil conditions. The city bird is the magpie. Its clear song reflects the bright and hopeful spirits of citizens. The city tree is the ginkgo. It symbolizes the constant prosperity, perseverance and elegant traits of Gyeongsan citizens.

## Twin towns – sister cities

Gyeongsan is twinned with:
* Gangdong (Seoul), South Korea
* Jōyō, Japan
* Sinan, South Korea
* Xihai'an, China

## Administrative districts

Gyeongsan is divided into 3 eup, 5 myeon and 7 dong. Amnyang was promoted to eup status on 1 January 2020.
| Name | Hangeul | Hanja |
| Hayang-eup | 하양읍 | 河陽邑 |
| Jillyang-eup | 진량읍 | 珍良邑 |
| Amnyang-eup | 압량읍 | 押梁邑 |
| Wachon-myeon | 와촌면 | 瓦村面 |
| Jain-myeon | 자인면 | 慈仁面 |
| Yongseong-myeon | 용성면 | 龍城面 |
| Namsan-myeon | 남산면 | 南山面 |
| Namcheon-myeon | 남천면 | 南川面 |
| Jungang-dong | 중앙동 | 中央洞 |
| Dongbu-dong | 동부동 | 東部洞 |
| Seobu 1-dong | 서부1동 | 西部一洞 |
| Seobu 2-dong | 서부2동 | 西部二洞 |
| Nambu-dong | 남부동 | 南部洞 |
| Bukbu-dong | 북부동 | 北部洞 |
| Jungbang-dong | 중방동 | 中方洞 |

## Climate

The climate is mild because of its southern location. However, being landlocked makes its climate continental.
The amount of rainfall is less than the average yearly rainfall of Korea, due to its geographical characteristics.

## Religion

* Hwanseongsa, temple
# Pseudodipsas

Pseudodipsas is a genus of butterflies in the family Lycaenidae with six species, two of which are unnamed. They are found in areas of Australia and New Guinea.

## Species

* Pseudodipsas eone (C. & R. Felder, 1860)
* Pseudodipsas cephenes Hewitson, 1874 - Cephenes blue
* Pseudodipsas aurea Sands, 1976
* Pseudodipsas una (D’Abrera, 1971)
# Oola Castle

Oola Castle is a tower house located in County Limerick, Ireland.

## Location

Oola Castle is located 1 km (0.62 mi) east of the village of Oola. It lies in the Golden Vale, 30 km (19 mi) southeast of Limerick.
It should not be confused with the castle in Ballyneety nearby, which is sometimes called "Oola Castle."

## History

The current building dates to the late 16th century and was built by the O'Briens. It is classified as a "later" tower house; according to Claire Foley and Colm Donnelly, "greater provision of heat and light, married to Renaissance concepts of symmetry, was incorporated into the traditional building form to create a new tower-house paradigm, as expressed at buildings such as Oola [Castle]."
In 1825, antlers of the giant deer ("Irish elk") were discovered; and, in 1828, a bronze trumpet, spear and arrowheads of bronze were found. All were placed in the museum of Trinity College, Dublin.
A local legend concerns a princess named Theresa who lived in the castle in the 18th century; she was very fond of oranges and was later forced to move to County Cavan for unclear reasons.

## Castle

The castle is a square six-storey limestone tower house. There are circular bartizans on the northeast and southwest corners. The upper windows have hood moulding, and the east and west walls have their original fireplaces.
When it was in use, it would have had whitewashed walls, gables crowned with chimneys and mullioned windows.
# Don Strauch

Donald William Strauch Jr. (April 8, 1926 – January 11, 2016), known as Don Strauch, was an American politician. He served as mayor of Mesa, Arizona, from 1980 to 1984. He had previously served on the Mesa City Council since 1972.
Born in Iowa and raised in Arizona, Don was the only son and eldest child of three siblings born to Donald W. Strauch, Sr. and Mary Strauch. He served in World War II with the United States Army. After the war, Strauch attended Babson College, Phoenix College, and Arizona State University.
Strauch was the president of Strauchs' Stationers, Inc. He served as a Republican in the Arizona House of Representatives for district 29 in Mesa until his defeat in 1988 in a primary. Strauch died in Scottsdale, Arizona, from complication from a fall on January 11, 2016, at the age of 89. He was survived by his wife, daughter and extended family.
# Fanny Ketter

Fanny Lucille Ketter (born 22 January 1996 in Lilla Uppåkra, Sweden) is a Swedish actress. She is daughter to visual artist and musician Clay Ketter and Jenny Mark Ketter, communications officer at IM, a Swedish N.G.O.
Fanny started samhällsvetenskapsprogrammet in August 2012 at S:t Petriskolan in Malmö.
In 2013 she got a stipendium from the United World Colleges and she is now studying at Red Cross Nordic in Norway.
She started her career by playing Billie in the Swedish TV-series Vid Vintergatans slut. She was the only human that was filmed in front of a greenscreen, because the space suit she was wearing was blue.

## Filmography
### Film

* 2012 – Bitch Hug
* 2013 – Reel
* 2014 – Her er Harold
* 2014 – Hot Nasty Teen
* 2015 – Eternal Summer

### Television

* 2010 – Vid Vintergatans slut
* 2010–2011 Gabba Gabba
* 2011 – The Bridge
# United States House Veterans' Affairs Subcommittee on Economic Opportunity

The United States Veterans' Affairs Subcommittee on Economic Opportunity is one of the four subcommittees within the House Veterans' Affairs Committee.

## Jurisdiction

From the House Rules:
* Subcommittee on Economic Opportunity, which shall have legislative, oversight and investigative jurisdiction over education of veterans, employment and training of veterans, vocational rehabilitation, veterans’ housing programs, readjustment of servicemembers to civilian life, and servicemembers civil relief.

## Members, 119th Congress

| Majority | Minority |
| Derrick Van Orden, Wisconsin, Chair Juan Ciscomani, Arizona Abraham Hamadeh, Arizona Kimberlyn King-Hinds, Northern Mariana Islands Tom Barrett, Michigan | Chris Pappas, New Hampshire, Ranking Member Morgan McGarvey, Kentucky Delia Ramirez, Illinois Tim Kennedy, New York |
| Ex officio ||
| Mike Bost, Illinois | Mark Takano, California |

## Historical membership rosters
### 115th Congress

| Majority | Minority |
| Jodey Arrington, Texas, Chairman Gus Bilirakis, Florida Brad Wenstrup, Ohio John Rutherford, Florida Jim Banks, Indiana | Beto O'Rourke, Texas, Ranking Member Mark Takano, California Lou Correa, California Kathleen Rice, New York |

### 116th Congress

| Majority | Minority |
| Mike Levin, California, Chair Kathleen Rice, New York Anthony Brindisi, New York Chris Pappas, New Hampshire Elaine Luria, Virginia Susie Lee, Nevada Joe Cunningham, South Carolina | Gus Bilirakis, Florida, Ranking Member Jack Bergman, Michigan Jim Banks, Indiana Andy Barr, Kentucky Dan Meuser, Pennsylvania |

### 117th Congress

| Majority | Minority |
| Mike Levin, California, Chair Chris Pappas, New Hampshire Anthony Brown, Maryland David Trone, Maryland Ruben Gallego, Arizona | Barry Moore, Alabama, Ranking Member Tracey Mann, Kansas Nancy Mace, South Carolina Madison Cawthorn, North Carolina |

### 118th Congress

| Majority | Minority |
| Derrick Van Orden, Wisconsin, Chair Nancy Mace, South Carolina Scott Franklin, Florida Juan Ciscomani, Arizona Eli Crane, Arizona | Mike Levin, California, Ranking Member Frank J. Mrvan, Indiana Morgan McGarvey, Kentucky Delia Ramirez, Illinois |
| Ex officio ||
| Mike Bost, Illinois | Mark Takano, California |
# Temecla

Temecla is a genus of Neotropical hairstreak butterfly in the family Lycaenidae.

## Species

* Temecla tema (Hewitson, 1867) Brazil (Amazon), Colombia.
* Temecla paron (Godman & Salvin, [1887]) Guatemala.
* Temecla heraclides (Godman & Salvin, [1887])
* Temecla sergius (Godman & Salvin, [1887]) Venezuela, Colombia.
* Temecla bennetti (Dyar, 1913) Peru
* Temecla peona (Hewitson, 1874)
# List of SSSIs in West Gwynedd

Lists of Sites of Special Scientific Interest in West Gwynedd (1974–1996) comprise:
* List of Sites of Special Scientific Interest in Anglesey
* List of Sites of Special Scientific Interest in Gwynedd
# Crop milk

Crop milk is a secretion from the lining of the crop of parent birds in some species that is regurgitated to young birds. It is found among all pigeons and doves where it is also referred to as pigeon milk. Crop milk is also secreted from the crop of flamingos and the male emperor penguin, suggesting independent evolution of this trait. Unlike in mammals where typically only females produce milk, crop milk is produced by both males and females in pigeons and flamingos; and in penguins, only by the male.
Lactation in birds is controlled by prolactin, which is the same hormone that causes lactation in mammals. Crop milk is a holocrine secretion non-sex specific in response to brooding unlike in mammals where milk is an apocrine secretion. Crop milk contains both fat and protein, as with mammalian milk, but unlike mammalian milk, it contains no carbohydrates.

## Pigeon milk

Crop milk bears little physical resemblance to mammalian milk, though in pigeons it is compositionally similar. Pigeon milk is a semi-solid substance somewhat like pale yellow cottage cheese. It is extremely high in protein and fat, containing higher levels than cow or human milk. Unlike mammalian milk, which is an emulsion, pigeon crop milk consists of a suspension of protein-rich and fat-rich cells that proliferate and detach from the lining of the crop. Also unlike mammalian milk, the substance did not contain carbohydrates (sugars). It has also been shown to contain anti-oxidants and immune-enhancing factors which contribute to milk immunity. Like mammalian milk, crop milk contains IgA antibodies. It also contains some bacteria. Crop milk has been shown to contain carotenoids such as xanthophylls, which may be important in immunological functions.
Pigeon's milk begins to be produced a couple of days before the eggs are due to hatch. The parents may cease to eat at this point to be able to provide the squabs (baby pigeons and doves) with crop milk uncontaminated by seeds, which the very young squabs would be unable to digest. The baby squabs are fed on pure crop milk for the first week or so of life. After this the parents begin to introduce a proportion of adult food, softened by spending time in the moist conditions of the adult crop, into the mix fed to the squabs, until by the end of the second week they are being fed entirely on softened adult food.
Pigeons normally lay two eggs. If one egg fails to hatch, the surviving squab gets the advantage of a supply of crop milk sufficient for two squabs and grows at a significantly faster rate. Research suggests that a pair of breeding pigeons cannot produce enough crop milk to feed three squabs adequately, which explains why clutches are limited to two.

## Other birds

Crop milk evolved independently in flamingos and the male emperor penguin. In flamingos, crop milk produced in the first weeks is a bright red, relatively thin liquid. Though it resembles blood in color, it contains no red blood cells; the red color is from the presence of canthaxanthin. After the first few weeks, the color fades gradually; flamingos can produce crop milk for up to the first 6 months of their young's life.
# List of Japanese films of 1976

A list of films released in Japan in 1976 (see 1976 in film).
| Title | Director | Cast | Genre | Notes |
| 1976 |||||
| Assault! Jack the Ripper | Yasuharu Hasebe | Tamaki Katsura Yutaka Hayashi | Roman porno / "Violent Pink" | |
| Baka Masa Hora Masa Toppa Masa | | | | |
| Boso panikku: Dai gekitotsu | Kinji Fukasaku | | Action | |
| Brother and Sister | Tadashi Imai | Kumiko Akiyoshi | | |
| Cloistered Nun: Runa's Confession | Masaru Konuma | Runa Takamura | Roman porno | |
| Death at an Old Mansion | Yoichi Takabayashi | | | Entered into the 26th Berlin International Film Festival |
| Dojoji | Kihachiro Kawamoto | | Folklore | |
| Frosty's Winter Wonderland | Arthur Rankin Jr., Jules Bass | Dennis Day, Paul Frees, Jackie Vernon, Shelley Winters | Animated | |
| Fumo Chitai | Satsuo Yamamoto | Hideji Otaki | | |
| God Speed You! Black Emperor | Mitsuo Yanagimachi | | | |
| Gorenger: The Red Death Match | | | | |
| Gorenger: Fire Mountain's Last Explosion | | | | |
| Gorenger: The Bomb Hurricane | | | | Only original Gorenger movie. First original Super Sentai movie. |
| Hitogoroshi | | | | |
| In the Realm of the Senses | Nagisa Oshima | | | |
| The Inugamis | Kon Ichikawa | | | Won Best Film at the 1st Hochi Film Award |
| Lady Moonflower | Katsuhiko Fujii | Naomi Tani | Roman porno | |
| The Little Drummer Boy: Book II | Jules Bass, Arthur Rankin Jr. | | Animated | |
| New Battles Without Honor and Humanity: The Boss's Last Days | | | | |
| Kimi yo funnu no kawa wo watare | | | | |
| Kurutta yajû | Sadao Nakajima | | Drama, Action, Crime | |
| Rudolph's Shiny New Year | Jules Bass, Arthur Rankin Jr. | Billie Mae Richards, Red Skelton, Morey Amsterdam, Frank Gorshin, Paul Frees, Don Messick, Harold Peary | Animated | |
| Sister Street Fighter – Fifth Level Fist | Shigehiro Ozawa | Etsuko Shihomi | Martial arts | |
| The Classroom of Terror | | | | |
| Tora's Pure Love | Yoji Yamada | Kiyoshi Atsumi | Comedy | 18th in the Otoko wa Tsurai yo series |
| Tora-san's Sunrise and Sunset | Yoji Yamada | Kiyoshi Atsumi | Comedy | 17th in the Otoko wa Tsurai yo series |
| Watashi no sex-hakusho | Chûsei Sone | | Drama | |
| Watcher in the Attic | Noboru Tanaka | Junko Miyashita | Roman porno | Adaptation of an Edogawa Rampo story |
| Yakuza Graveyard | Kinji Fukasaku | Tetsuya Watari | Yakuza | |
# Threshold price-point

In economics, a threshold price point is the psychological fixing of prices to entice a buyer up to a certain threshold at which the buyer will be lost anyway. The most common example in the United States is the $??.99 phenomenon—e.g. setting the price for a good at $9.99. Though it is effectively ten dollars—especially when you add sales tax—it still appears to the potential buyer to be significantly cheaper than if the good was sold $10.00.
Economists and advertising analysts note that should a company need to increase the price of a product beyond the threshold price-point, it should only be done in small amounts. If a candy bar originally cost $1.99, then there is apparently little difference in making the new price $2.05 or even $2.25. The logic behind the move is that while some potential buyers will be lost by the increase in price beyond the threshold, those that stay will not notice the difference in prices between thresholds. Buyers do not make judgement calls on a per-cent basis, so will not differentiate between $2.05 and $2.06. However, they do differentiate at thresholds. So while you wouldn't necessarily lose a buyer jumping from $2.05 and $2.06, you could lose one going from $1.99 to $2.00. Therefore, companies can actually increase overall profit despite losing customers by increasing the revenue per buyer significantly.
# Valencian Terrier

The Ratonero Valenciano, also known as the Gos Rater Valencià (English for: Valencian rat hunting dog), is a breed of dog that originates in Spain. Recognised by the Real Sociedad Canina de España in 2004, it has had recent success with a member of the breed winning the Spanish National Dog Show in 2011. It is a traditionally docked breed. In 2022, the FCI finally recognised the breed, naming it rather "Terrier" than "Ratter".

## History

The breed originates from Valencia in Spain, where it has traditionally been used to catch rats and other rodents. The breed is thought to have existed since the sixteenth century. There are several theories around the breed's origin, including either that stock from British Fox Terriers may have been introduced to native dogs, or that it is simply that breeding dogs for similar purposes have led to similar results.
The breed is recognized by the Real Sociedad Canina de España, the national kennel club for Spain, since 2004. The club uses the structure set out by the Fédération Cynologique Internationale, and places the breed within Group 3:Terriers, and the subgroup, Section 1:Large and medium-sized terriers. As of 31 December 2010, there were 523 Ratonero Valencianos registered with the RSCE.

## Description

According to the breed standard, the coat should be short, no longer than 2 centimetres (0.79 in) in length. The most common markings are tricolor, with the colors dominating the white portion of the coat. Other markings include black and tan, brown and white, and brown and tan. The standard conformation show size for these dogs are 30–40 centimetres (12–16 in) for males at the withers, and 29–38 centimetres (11–15 in) for females. The ideal size is listed as 36 centimetres (14 in) and 33 centimetres (13 in) respectively. Both sexes weight ranges are the same, ideally 4–8 kilograms (8.8–17.6 lb).
The breed standard describes them as tailless dogs, and states that any tail should be cropped either "without respecting any vertebra or just the first".

## Temperament

The dogs continue to be used in hunting, specifically for rabbits.
# Crystal Palace Open

The Crystal Palace Open was a men's and women's grass court tennis tournament founded in 1881. The tournament was organised annually by the Crystal Palace Lawn Tennis Club, and was played on the Crystal Palace Park Cricket Ground at Crystal Palace, London, England. The tournament ran until 1909 when it was discontinued.

## History

In 1881 the Crystal Palace Open was established. The event was orgnaised by Crystal Palace Lawn Tennis Club, and was played on the Crystal Palace Park Cricket Ground at Crystal Palace, London, England. The tournament ran until 1909 when it was discontinued.
Previous winners of the men's singles title included; Harold Segerson Mahony, Major Ritchie, Arthur Gore and Reginald Speke Barnes. Former winners of the women's singles included; Aurea Farrington, Dora Boothby, Helen Aitchison, and Elsie Lane.

## Finals
### Men's singles

(incomplete roll)
| Year | Winners | Runners-up | Score |
| 1904 | Harold Mahony | Ernest Parton | 6-3, 6-2 |
| 1905 | Arthur Gore | Anthony Wilding | 6-4, 6-2 |
| 1906 | Arthur Gore (2) | George Thomas | 6-1, 6-2 |
| 1907 | Major Ritchie | Algernon Kingscote | 6-1, 6-4 |
| 1909 | Reginald S. Barnes | Charles P. Dixon | 6-2, 3-6, 6-3 |

### Women's singles

(incomplete roll)
| Year | Winners | Runners-up | Score |
| 1904 | Dora Boothby | Gladys Eastlake-Smith | 6-1, 6-2 |
| 1905 | Dora Boothby (2) | Helen Harper | 6-3, 6-4 |
| 1906 | Gladys Eastlake-Smith | Dora Boothby | walkover |
| 1907 | Dora Boothby (3) | Gladys Eastlake-Smith | 6-0, 7-5 |
| 1909 | Aurea Edgington | E Sargeant | 6-4, 6-1 |

## Additional notes

* The Rothmans Invitation Indoor was an indoor tennis tournament also held in Crystal Palace, London between 1967 and 1968, in 1969 it was rebranded as the Rothmans European Trophy.
# Phởcific Standard Time

Phởcific Standard Time (PST) is a speakeasy-style cocktail bar and restaurant in Seattle, in the U.S. state of Washington. The AAPI-owned business was founded by sisters Quynh and Yenvy Pham.

## Description

Phởcific Standard Time is a cocktail bar and restaurant in downtown Seattle. Drinks feature Vietnamese ingredients such as pandan leaf, Chartreuse egg yolk custard, and pho broth. The Nuoc Mat has jasmine, Fever Tree Mediterranean tonic, Cocchi Americano, soju, and longan. The Dua Dua has Batavia arrack, Chareau Aloe, soju, absinthe, coconut milk, lime, and basil seeds. The Trung Muoi is made with pho fat washed Iwai Japanese whisky, cream sherry, nocino, carcavelos, and salted egg yolk. The food menu includes pastries with pate, potato, and mushroom, as well as a pate trio with pho fat, mushroom tofu, and canned fish tomato pates served with sesame crackers and picklings. The Cua Dip, served with crackers, has crab, prawns, Vietnamese mayonnaise, melted cheese, and basil. Phở Bắc's "pho cups" (similar to Cup Noodles) are available in beef, chicken, prawn, and vegetable varieties.

## Reception

The bar was included in Bon Appétit's annual list of best new restaurants. Naomi Tomky included the bar in a similar list published by the Seattle Post-Intelligencer. She and Bradley Foster included PST in Thrillist's 2022 list of "The Absolute Best Bars in Seattle Right Now". Matthew Lombardi and Jade Yamazaki Stewart included the business in Eater Seattle's 2022 list of "14 Essential Seattle Bars".
# Samsung Galaxy A9 (2018)

The Samsung Galaxy A9 (2018) is a midrange Android smartphone produced by Samsung Electronics as part of the Samsung Galaxy A series. It was announced on 11 October 2018 at the A Galaxy event in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, as the successor to the Samsung Galaxy A9 (2016). Galaxy A9 (2018) is the world's first smartphone that features 4 different cameras on the rear. It features a 6.3 inch Super AMOLED Infinity Display with curved edges similar to the Samsung Galaxy A8 (2018) and supports Dolby Atmos immersive sound technology. It is the brand ambassador for Ayushmann Khurrana. It is the predecessor of Samsung Galaxy A70.

## Specifications

The Galaxy A9 (2018) consists of the following specifications.

### Hardware

The smartphone is powered by Qualcomm Snapdragon 660 SoC with an octa-core processor consisting of 4 performance 2.2GHz Kryo 260 and 4 efficient 1.8GHz Kyro 260 cores and Adreno 512 GPU backed by 6 GB/8 GB of RAM and 128 GB of internal storage that is expandable to 512 GB via a dedicated microSD card slot.

#### Display

The A9 (2018) features a 6.3 inch Full HD+ (1080x2220 pixels) Super AMOLED display with 18.5:9 aspect ratio. The display features curved edges similar to the S9's Infinity Display but with larger bezels and without curved sides.

#### Cameras

The quad camera setup features a primary 24MP f/1.7 sensor for normal photography, an ultra-wide 8MP f/2.4 sensor with a 120 degrees viewing angle, a telephoto 10MP f/2.4 with 2x optical zoom and a 5MP depth sensor for effects such as Bokeh. The front camera has been upgraded to a 24MP sensor, complete with its own dedicated flash.
Video recording is possible with 2160p and 1080p, both at 30 frames per second. The device lacks slow motion video recording.

### Software
#### Operating system

It runs Android 8.0 "Oreo" with Samsung Experience 9.0 out of the box. It is upgradable to Android 9.0 Pie.

#### Miscellaneous

Its extra features include Bixby, with Bixby button, Always-on Display and a Gorilla Glass front panel with a reflective glass back panel. It is available in Caviar Black, Lemonade Blue and Bubblegum Pink variants, with some models supporting Dual SIM. It supports fast charging over its USB-C port.

## Availability

Following the unveiling, Samsung announced that the device will go on sale in selected markets from November 2018 with future plans to release in other countries.

## Galaxy A9s

The A9s are similar in design and specifications to the A9, and were destined for sale in the Chinese market only. The addition of an 's' is to differentiate it from the current Samsung Galaxy A9 Star, which is based on the Samsung Galaxy A8 Star and also destined for only the Chinese market.
# Para-Quaterphenyl

para-Quaterphenyl, or p-quaterphenyl, is a chemical compound consisting of a straight chain of four phenyl groups connected in the para position. It can be considered as next in the series of benzene, biphenyl, para-terphenyl. It is an aromatic hydrocarbon and a chromophore.
One possible use is in scintillation counters where it is dissolved in toluene and glows when subject to beta rays.