# Carthage, Texas

Carthage is a city in and the county seat of Panola County, Texas, United States. The city is situated in deep East Texas, 20 miles west of the Louisiana state line. Its population was 6,569 at the 2020 census.

## History

Carthage was founded in 1847, two years after Texas was admitted to the United States. During the Civil War, men from Carthage and Panola County served as Confederate soldiers. African-American resident Milton M. Holland, formerly enslaved, served as a Union sergeant and earned a Medal of Honor.
Carthage, Mississippi was established in 1834, and became the county seat. The Harris family were early settlers, and named the town after their former home of Carthage, Tennessee. When Carthage, Texas established in 1848, it was named after Carthage, Mississippi.
After the Civil War, population growth was slow, but large amounts of cotton, corn, sweet potatoes, oats, and sugarcane were produced in the county. The city began to expand in 1888 when a railroad reached Carthage, along with telegraph and telephone lines.
During the Great Depression, a gas field was discovered near Carthage. After World War II, this gas field was developed and proved to be the largest in the United States. The city flourished, with the population increasing from about 1,300 to 5,000. During this period, a courthouse and a high school were built. In 1947 Panola County Junior College was established in Carthage and founded KGAS-AM 1590 which began broadcasting in 1955.
As a result of 19.6% population growth between 1970 and 1980, documented by U.S. Decennial Census; Panola General Hospital was established in 1997. Today the ETMC Carthage operates a 24-hour emergency department which is designated a Level IV trauma center by the state of Texas.
On August 22, 1998 the Tex Ritter Museum in Carthage was the site for the grand opening of the Texas Country Music Hall of Fame, honoring those who have made outstanding contributions to country music and born in the state of Texas.
On September 16, 1998 KGAS-FM began broadcasting a country music format in Carthage, and was featured in "Bernie", the 2011 American biographical black comedy crime film directed by Richard Linklater.

### 1996 murder of Marjorie Nugent

After losing her husband, widow Marjorie Nugent, an 81-year-old resident of Carthage, became friends with Bernie Tiede, the assistant funeral director in town. In late 1996, townspeople did not see her, but thought perhaps she had moved to join her out-of-town family. When the family could not reach her, they filed a missing-person's report. Nine months after her death, her friend and companion, 39-year-old Bernie Tiede, was brought in for questioning by police and confessed to killing her. He claimed she had emotionally abused him.
He shot her four times in the back with a .22 rifle in November 1996. A mortician, he cleaned her body and placed it in a freezer in her house, where it was not discovered until 1997. Tiede continued his community activities for several months after her death. He was convicted of first-degree murder and sentenced to life in prison. After a habeas corpus challenge, he was paroled on a $10,000 bond in 2014, but in 2016, Tiede had a resentencing hearing, and was sentenced to 99 years to life.
Panola County District Attorney Danny Buck Davidson said initially that few in the community questioned no longer seeing the elderly woman. He said, "That's what you do when you're a con guy and you move in. He had her cut all ties, so ultimately the only person she had to rely on was him. Mrs. Nugent was a human being. She didn't deserve her fate at the hands of Bernie." Tiede apparently killed the wealthy woman to get control of her money, spending an estimated $3 million of Nugent's $10 million. Davidson said Tiede used some of it for philanthropy: "He sent people to college. He donated to musicals, plays and bought instruments at the college. That was all done with Mrs. Nugent's money. After she was in the freezer, he really jumped out there as a benefactor."

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, Carthage has a total area of 10.5 square miles (27 km$^2$), of which 10.5 square miles (27 km$^2$) are land and 0.04 square miles (0.10 km$^2$) (0.4%) is covered by water.
The climate in this area is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally mild to cool winters. According to the Köppen climate classification, Carthage has a humid subtropical climate, Cfa on climate maps.
Climate data for Carthage, Texas (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1951–present) :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °F (°C) | 84 (29) | 90 (32) | 92 (33) | 93 (34) | 98 (37) | 103 (39) | 106 (41) | 108 (42) | 109 (43) | 95 (35) | 88 (31) | 85 (29) | 109 (43) |
| Mean daily maximum °F (°C) | 56.8 (13.8) | 61.4 (16.3) | 68.8 (20.4) | 76.0 (24.4) | 82.8 (28.2) | 89.3 (31.8) | 92.4 (33.6) | 93.1 (33.9) | 87.4 (30.8) | 78.0 (25.6) | 66.6 (19.2) | 58.9 (14.9) | 76.0 (24.4) |
| Daily mean °F (°C) | 46.5 (8.1) | 50.4 (10.2) | 57.5 (14.2) | 64.7 (18.2) | 72.8 (22.7) | 79.8 (26.6) | 82.8 (28.2) | 82.8 (28.2) | 76.7 (24.8) | 66.3 (19.1) | 55.6 (13.1) | 48.5 (9.2) | 65.4 (18.6) |
| Mean daily minimum °F (°C) | 36.1 (2.3) | 39.5 (4.2) | 46.3 (7.9) | 53.5 (11.9) | 62.8 (17.1) | 70.3 (21.3) | 73.2 (22.9) | 72.5 (22.5) | 66.0 (18.9) | 54.5 (12.5) | 44.5 (6.9) | 38.2 (3.4) | 54.8 (12.7) |
| Record low °F (°C) | 5 (−15) | 4 (−16) | 18 (−8) | 28 (−2) | 39 (4) | 45 (7) | 55 (13) | 50 (10) | 38 (3) | 26 (−3) | 12 (−11) | 1 (−17) | 1 (−17) |
| Average precipitation inches (mm) | 4.66 (118) | 4.23 (107) | 4.92 (125) | 4.72 (120) | 4.35 (110) | 4.04 (103) | 3.64 (92) | 3.44 (87) | 3.67 (93) | 4.54 (115) | 4.44 (113) | 5.63 (143) | 52.28 (1,328) |
| Average snowfall inches (cm) | 0.3 (0.76) | 0.4 (1.0) | 0.1 (0.25) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.8 (2.0) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in) | 8.5 | 8.3 | 8.3 | 6.3 | 7.4 | 7.5 | 5.4 | 5.7 | 5.8 | 6.0 | 7.3 | 8.9 | 85.4 |
| Average snowy days (≥ 0.1 in) | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.4 |
| Source: NOAA ||||||||||||||

## Demographics

Carthage racial composition as of 2020 (NH = Non-Hispanic) :
| Race | Number | Percentage |
| White (NH) | 3,990 | 60.74% |
| Black or African American (NH) | 1,271 | 19.35% |
| Native American or Alaska Native (NH) | 22 | 0.33% |
| Asian (NH) | 57 | 0.87% |
| Pacific Islander (NH) | 2 | 0.03% |
| Some Other Race (NH) | 9 | 0.14% |
| Mixed/Multi-Racial (NH) | 208 | 3.17% |
| Hispanic or Latino | 1,010 | 15.38% |
| Total | 6,569 | |
As of the 2020 United States census, there were 6,569 people, 2,550 households, and 1,739 families residing in the city.
As of the census of 2010, 6,779 people, 2,628 households, and 1,745 families resided in the city. The population density was 645.6 people per mi$^2$ (249.2/km$^2$). The 2,909 housing units averaged 277.0 per mi$^2$ (106.9/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the city was 69.5% White, 21.1% African American, 0.5% Native American, 0.7% Asian, 6.5% from other races, and 1.7% from two or more races. Hispanics or Latinos of any race were 11.0% of the population.
Of the 2,628 households, 29.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 45.6% were married couples living together, 16.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.6% were not families. About 30.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.45 and the average family size was 3.04.
In the city, the age distribution was 24.6% under 18, 11.2% from 18 to 24, 23.9% from 25 to 44, 24.1% from 45 to 64, and 16.3% who were 65 or older. The median age was 35.9 years. For every 100 females, there were 88.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 83.8 males.
As of the 2000 Census, the median income for a household in the city was $31,822, and for a family was $37,031. Males had a median income of $33,080 versus $21,473 for females. The per capita income for the city was $16,332. About 11.8% of families and 13.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 15.2% of those under age 18 and 12.9% of those age 65 or over.

## Culture and arts

The Texas Country Music Hall of Fame is located in Carthage, which also houses the Tex Ritter Museum. The Jim Reeves Memorial is located on the outskirts of Carthage, east on U.S. 79. Reeves and Ritter were from the nearby unincorporated communities of Galloway and Murvaul, respectively.

## Education

The City of Carthage is entirely within the Carthage Independent School District.
The city also has the two-year community college of Panola College located adjacent Carthage City Hall.
All of Panola County is in the service area of Panola College.

## Media

Carthage is served by two local radio stations: KGAS 1590 AM and KGAS 104.3 FM, and by a local newspaper, The Panola Watchman. The nearest media market of notable size is in nearby Shreveport, Louisiana.

## Transportation
### Roads
#### U.S Highways

* US 59 (Southeast and Northeast Loop), runs north to south through Carthage. To the north, US Highway 59 goes through Marshall. To the south, US Highway 59 goes through Tenaha.
* US 79, runs east to west through Carthage. To the east, US Highway 79 goes through DeBerry and to the west the highway goes through Henderson.

#### State Highways

* SH 149, runs around the west side of Carthage. To the north, Texas State Highway 149 runs through Beckville and to Longview.
* SH 315, runs northeast to southwest through Carthage. To the southwest, Texas State Highway 315 runs Clayton to Mount Enterprise.
* Loop 436, runs around the west side of Carthage and goes parallel to part of State Highway 149. Goes from US 59 just north of Carthage to US 59 just south of Carthage.

#### Farm to Market Roads

* FM 699, runs south to north to Carthage. To the south, Farm to Market Road 699 goes through Old Center.
* FM 10, runs south to north to Carthage. To the south, Farm to Market Road 10 goes through Gary City.

## Notable people

* John Booty is an American former football defensive back in the National Football League
* Jacke Davis was an American professional baseball outfielder
* Milton M. Holland was born the son of a slave owner but became the first native Texan to be awarded the Medal of Honor
* Philip Humber is an American former professional baseball
* Mildred Fay Jefferson was the first American black woman to graduate from Harvard Medical School;
* Derek Wayne Johnson is an American film director and 3rd Level Black Belt in the art of American Karate
* Margie Neal was a newspaper publisher and first American woman elected to Texas State Senate in 1926
* Jim Reeves was an American country and popular music singer-songwriter known as "Gentleman Jim"
* Brandon Rhyder is an American Texas Country/Red Dirt singer
* Tex Ritter was an American actor from the mid 1930s into the 1960s and a pioneer of American country music
* Jack Boynton Strong was an American politician and lawyer who served in the Texas Senate between 1963 and 1971
* Bernie Tiede is formerly a mortician convicted of murdering widow Marjorie Nugent

## Image gallery

* The Esquire Theater in Carthage hosts Country music on Saturday evenings.
* First State Bank and Trust Company in downtown Carthage
* Anderson Park is located in the center of downtown Carthage.
* Historical marker commemorating Colored Town, a black business section that had its prime from 1940 to 1965, from East Panola to Live Oak streets