# List of socialist parties with national parliamentary representation

The following is a list of political parties presently espousing a variety of socialism which have representation in national parliaments, grouped by states in which they operate. The list does not contain parties previously represented in parliaments, nor social democratic parties. 173 socialist, communist and anti-capitalist parties have been elected worldwide to parliament in 74 different recognized and non-recognized states. Of the 74 states listed here, 19 of them are republics ruled by a socialist, communist or anti-capitalist party, 5 of them are official socialist states ruled by a communist party; 4 of which espouse Marxism–Leninism (China, Cuba, Laos, and Vietnam) while the 5th (North Korea) espouses Juche.

## List

| Country | Continent | Party | Electoral Coalition | Election | Lower house | Upper house | Official ideology |
| Algeria | Africa | National Liberation Front | — | 2021 election | 98 / 407 | 59 / 144 | Arab socialism |
| Argentina | America | Socialist Workers' Party | Workers' Left Front | 2021 and 2023 elections | 4 / 257 | 0 / 72 | Trotskyism |
| Argentina | America | Workers' Party | Workers' Left Front | 2021 and 2023 elections | 1 / 257 | 0 / 72 | Trotskyism |
| Argentina | America | Patria Grande Front | Union for the Homeland | 2021 and 2023 elections | 2 / 257 | 0 / 72 | Socialism of the 21st century |
| Argentina | America | Solidary Party | Union for the Homeland | 2021 and 2023 elections | 1 / 257 | 0 / 72 | Democratic socialism |
| Armenia | Europe | Armenian Revolutionary Federation | Armenia Alliance | 2021 Armenian parliamentary election | 11 / 107 | — | Democratic Socialism |
| Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria | Asia | Syrian National Democratic Alliance | — | 2017 election | 4 / 43 | — | Democratic confederalism |
| Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria | Asia | Democratic Socialist Arab Ba'ath Party | — | 2017 election | 1 / 43 | — | Democratic socialism |
| Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria | Asia | Democratic Union Party | Democratic Nation List | 2017 election | 3 / 43 | — | Democratic confederalism |
| Belarus | Europe | Communist Party of Belarus | Republican Coordinating Council of Heads of Political Parties and Public Associations | 2024 election | 7 / 110 | 17 / 64 | Marxism–Leninism |
| Belarus | Europe | Republican Party of Labour and Justice | Republican Coordinating Council of Heads of Political Parties and Public Associations | 2024 election | 8 / 110 | 0 / 64 | Socialism |
| Belgium | Europe | Workers' Party of Belgium | — | 2024 election | 15 / 150 | 6 / 59 | Marxism |
| Bolivia | America | Movement for Socialism | — | 2020 election | 75 / 130 | 21 / 36 | Socialism of the 21st century |
| Botswana | Africa | Botswana People's Party | Umbrella for Democratic Change | 2024 election | 4 / 69 | — | Democratic socialism |
| Brazil | America | Communist Party of Brazil | Brazil of Hope | 2022 election | 6 / 513 | 0 / 81 | Marxism–Leninism |
| Brazil | America | Socialism and Liberty Party | PSOL REDE Federation | 2022 election | 12 / 513 | 0 / 81 | Democratic socialism |
| Chile | America | Broad Front | Government Alliance | 2021 election | 20 / 155 | 1 / 43 | Democratic socialism |
| Chile | America | Communist Party of Chile | Government Alliance | 2021 election | 12 / 155 | 2 / 43 | Marxism–Leninism |
| Chile | America | Social Green Regionalist Federation | Government Alliance | 2021 election | 2 / 155 | 2 / 43 | Eco-socialism |
| Chile | America | Humanist Party | — | 2021 election | 3 / 155 | 0 / 43 | Libertarian socialism |
| Chile | America | Humanist Action | Government Alliance | 2021 election | 2 / 155 | 0 / 43 | Libertarian socialism |
| Chile | America | Libertarian Left | – | 2021 election | 1 / 155 | 0 / 43 | Libertarian socialism |
| China | Asia | Chinese Communist Party | — | 2017–2018 election | 2,119 / 2,980 | — | Socialism with Chinese characteristics |
| Colombia | America | Historic Pact for Colombia | Historic Pact for Colombia | 2022 election | 30 / 188 | 22 / 108 | Democratic socialism |
| Colombia | America | Commons | Historic Pact for Colombia | 2022 election | 5 / 188 | 5 / 108 | Marxism-Leninism |
| Democratic Republic of the Congo | Africa | Unified Lumumbist Party | — | 2023 election | 7 / 500 | 2 / 108 | Lumumbism |
| Costa Rica | America | Broad Front | — | 2022 election | 6 / 57 | — | Socialism of the 21st century |
| Croatia | Europe | We Can! | — | 2024 election | 10 / 151 | — | Eco-socialism |
| Cuba | America | Communist Party of Cuba | — | 2023 election | 442 / 470 | — | Castroism |
| Cyprus | Europe | Progressive Party of Working People | — | 2021 election | 15 / 56 | — | Marxism–Leninism |
| Denmark | Europe | Socialist People's Party | — | 2022 election | 15 / 179 | — | Democratic socialism |
| Denmark | Europe | Red–Green Alliance | — | 2022 election | 9 / 179 | — | Eco-socialism |
| Denmark | Europe | Inuit Ataqatigiit | — | 2022 election | 1 / 179 | — | Democratic socialism |
| East Timor | Asia | FRETILIN | — | 2023 election | 19 / 65 | — | Democratic socialism |
| Ecuador | America | Citizen Revolution Movement | Union for Hope | 2025 election | 66 / 137 | — | Socialism of the 21st century |
| Ecuador | America | Pachakutik | — | 2025 election | 9 / 137 | — | Indigenismo, Socialism |
| Ecuador | America | Popular Unity | — | 2025 election | 1 / 137 | — | Communism, Marxism-Leninism |
| Egypt | Africa | National Progressive Unionist Rally Party | National Front Alliance | 2020 Egyptian Parliamentary and Senate Elections | 6 / 596 | 4 / 300 | Nasserism |
| Eritrea | Africa | People's Front for Democracy and Justice | — | 1992 election | 75 / 150 | — | Socialism |
| Finland | Europe | Left Alliance | — | 2023 election | 11 / 200 | — | Democratic socialism |
| France | Europe | La France Insoumise | New Popular Front | 2024 election | 69 / 577 | 0 / 348 | Democratic socialism |
| France | Europe | French Communist Party | New Popular Front | 2024 election | 8 / 577 | 14 / 348 | Communism |
| France | Europe | Génération.s | New Popular Front | 2024 election | 6 / 577 | 0 / 348 | Democratic socialism Eco-socialism |
| France | Europe | For Réunion | New Popular Front | 2024 election | 2 / 577 | 0 / 348 | Post-Marxism Democratic socialism |
| France | Europe | Progressive Democratic Party of Guadeloupe | New Popular Front | 2024 election | 1 / 577 | 0 / 348 | Post-Marxism Democratic socialism |
| France | Europe | Decolonization and Social Emancipation Movement | New Popular Front | 2024 election | 1 / 577 | 0 / 348 | Marxism |
| France | Europe | Euskal Herria Bai | New Popular Front | 2024 election | 1 / 577 | 0 / 348 | Socialism |
| France | Europe | Republican and Socialist Left | New Popular Front | 2024 election | 1 / 577 | 0 / 348 | Socialism Eco-socialism |
| France | Europe | Independent Worker's Party | New Popular Front | 2024 election | 1 / 577 | 0 / 348 | Communism |
| France | Europe | New Anticapitalist Party | New Popular Front | 2024 election | 1 / 577 | 0 / 348 | Eco-socialism Socialism of the 21st Century |
| France | Europe | Picardie debout | New Popular Front | 2024 election | 1 / 577 | 0 / 348 | Eco-socialism |
| France | Europe | Caledonian Union | — | 2024 election | 1 / 577 | 0 / 348 | Melanesian socialism |
| Gambia | Africa | People's Democratic Organisation for Independence and Socialism | — | 2022 election | 2 / 58 | | Socialism |
| Germany | Europe | The Left | — | 2021 election | 28 / 736 | 4 / 69 | Democratic socialism |
| Germany | Europe | Sahra Wagenknecht Alliance | — | 2021 election | 10 / 736 | 5 / 69 | Socialism |
| Greece | Europe | Communist Party of Greece | — | 2023 election | 21 / 300 | — | Marxism–Leninism |
| Greece | Europe | Syriza | — | 2023 election | 35 / 300 | — | Democratic socialism |
| Guatemala | America | Guatemalan National Revolutionary Unity — Winaq | — | 2023 election | 1 / 160 | — | Revolutionary socialism |
| Guinea-Bissau | Africa | African Party for the Independence of Guinea and Cape Verde | Inclusive Alliance Platform – Terra Ranka | 2023 election | 54 / 102 | — | Democratic socialism |
| Guinea-Bissau | Africa | Assembly of the People United | — | 2023 election | 1 / 102 | — | Democratic socialism |
| Guyana | America | People's Progressive Party/Civic | — | 2020 election | 33 / 65 | — | Democratic socialism |
| Honduras | America | Liberty and Refoundation | — | 2021 election | 51 / 128 | — | Democratic socialism Socialism of the 21st Century |
| India | Asia | Samajwadi Party | Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance | 2024 election | 37 / 543 | 4 / 245 | Democratic socialism |
| India | Asia | Communist Party of India (Marxist) | Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance | 2024 election | 4 / 543 | 4 / 245 | Marxism–Leninism |
| India | Asia | Rashtriya Janata Dal | Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance | 2024 election | 4 / 543 | 5 / 543 | Socialism |
| India | Asia | Jharkhand Mukti Morcha | Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance | 2024 election | 3 / 543 | 3 / 543 | Socialism |
| India | Asia | Communist Party of India | Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance | 2024 election | 2 / 543 | 2 / 245 | Marxism–Leninism |
| India | Asia | Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation | Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance | 2024 election | 2 / 543 | 0 / 245 | Marxism–Leninism Mao Zedong Thought |
| India | Asia | Revolutionary Socialist Party | Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance | 2024 election | 1 / 543 | 0 / 245 | Marxism–Leninism |
| Ireland | Europe | People Before Profit | People Before Profit–Solidarity | 2024 election | 2 / 174 | 0 / 60 | Socialism |
| Ireland | Europe | Solidarity (Ireland) | People Before Profit–Solidarity | 2024 election | 1 / 174 | 0 / 60 | Trotskyism |
| Israel | Asia | Israeli Communist Party | Democratic Front for Peace and Equality | 2022 election | 3 / 120 | — | Marxism–Leninism |
| Italy | Europe | Italian Left | Greens and Left Alliance | 2022 election | 4 / 400 | 3 / 200 | Democratic socialism |
| Ivory Coast | Africa | African People's Party – Côte d'Ivoire | — | 2021 election | 18 / 255 | 0 / 99 | Democratic socialism |
| Japan | Asia | Japanese Communist Party | — | 2022 and 2024 elections | 8 / 465 | 11 / 242 | Scientific socialism |
| Jordan | Asia | Jordanian Communist Party | — | 2024 election | 1 / 138 | 0 / 65 | Marxism-Leninism |
| Laos | Asia | Lao People's Revolutionary Party | Lao Front for National Development | 2021 election | 158 / 164 | — | Kaysone Phomvihane Thought |
| Lebanon | Asia | Armenian Revolutionary Federation in Lebanon | March 8 Alliance | 2022 election | 3 / 128 | — | Democratic socialism |
| Lebanon | Asia | Popular Nasserist Organization | March 8 Alliance | 2022 election | 1 / 128 | — | Nasserism |
| Lebanon | Asia | Union Party | March 8 Alliance | 2022 election | 1 / 128 | — | Nasserism |
| Lebanon | Asia | Lebanese Communist Party | — | 2022 election | 1 / 128 | — | Communism Marxism-Leninism |
| Lesotho | Africa | Socialist Revolutionaries | — | 2022 election | 2 / 120 | — | Socialism |
| Lesotho | Africa | Popular Front for Democracy | — | 2022 election | 1 / 120 | — | Democratic socialism |
| Luxembourg | Europe | The Left | — | 2023 election | 2 / 60 | — | Democratic socialism |
| Mauritius | Africa | Mauritian Militant Movement | Alliance du Changement | 2024 election | 19 / 66 | — | Democratic socialism |
| Mauritius | Africa | Rezistans ek Alternativ | Alliance du Changement | 2024 election | 3 / 66 | — | Eco-socialism |
| Mexico | America | Labor Party | Juntos Haremos Historia | 2021 and 2024 elections | 49 / 500 | 6 / 128 | Democratic socialism Socialism of the 21st century |
| Moldova | Europe | Party of Socialists of the Republic of Moldova | Bloc of Communists and Socialists | 2021 election | 18 / 101 | — | Democratic socialism |
| Moldova | Europe | Party of Communists of the Republic of Moldova | Bloc of Communists and Socialists | 2021 election | 8 / 101 | — | Communism |
| Morocco | Africa | Party of Progress and Socialism | — | 2021 election | 22 / 395 | 0 / 120 | Socialism |
| Morocco | Africa | Front of Democratic Forces | — | 2021 election | 3 / 395 | 0 / 120 | Democratic socialism |
| Morocco | Africa | Federation of the Democratic Left | — | 2021 election | 1 / 395 | 0 / 120 | Democratic socialism |
| Morocco | Africa | Unified Socialist Party | — | 2021 election | 1 / 395 | 0 / 120 | Democratic socialism |
| Mozambique | Africa | FRELIMO | — | 2024 election | 195 / 250 | — | Democratic socialism |
| Mozambique | Africa | PODEMOS | — | 2024 election | 31 / 250 | — | Democratic socialism |
| Namibia | Africa | South West Africa People's Organisation | — | 2024 election | 51 / 104 | 28 / 42 | Socialism |
| Namibia | Africa | Affirmative Repositioning | — | 2024 election | 7 / 104 | 0 / 42 | Marxism-Leninism Fanonism Sankarism |
| Namibia | Africa | Landless People's Movement | — | 2024 election | 5 / 104 | 6 / 42 | Democratic socialism |
| Namibia | Africa | Namibian Economic Freedom Fighters | — | 2024 election | 1 / 104 | 0 / 42 | Anti-capitalism |
| Namibia | Africa | South West Africa National Union | — | 2024 election | 1 / 104 | 0 / 42 | Democratic socialism |
| Nepal | Asia | CPN (Unified Marxist-Leninist) | Fourth Oli Cabinet | 2022 election | 78 / 275 | 11 / 59 | Marxism-Leninism |
| Nepal | Asia | People's Socialist Party, Nepal | Fourth Oli Cabinet | 2022 election | 5 / 275 | 3 / 59 | Democratic socialism |
| Nepal | Asia | People's Socialist Party | Fourth Oli Cabinet | 2022 election | 7 / 275 | 0 / 59 | Democratic socialism |
| Nepal | Asia | CPN (Maoist Center) | Socialist Front | 2022 election | 32 / 275 | 18 / 59 | Prachanda Path |
| Nepal | Asia | CPN (Unified Socialist) | Socialist Front | 2022 election | 10 / 275 | 8 / 59 | Marxism-Leninism |
| Nepal | Asia | Rastriya Janamorcha | — | 2022 election | 1 / 275 | 1 / 59 | Marxism-Leninism |
| Nepal | Asia | Aam Janata Party | — | 2022 election | 1 / 275 | 0 / 59 | Socialism |
| Nepal | Asia | Nepal Majdoor Kisan Party | — | 2022 election | 1 / 275 | 0 / 59 | Marxism-Leninism Mao Zedong Thought Juche |
| New Caledonia | Oceania | National Union for Independence | — | 2019 election | 9 / 54 | — | Melanesian socialism |
| New Caledonia | Oceania | Caledonian Union | — | 2019 election | 9 / 54 | — | Melanesian socialism |
| New Caledonia | Oceania | Kanak and Socialist National Liberation Front | — | 2019 election | 6 / 54 | — | Melanesian socialism |
| New Caledonia | Oceania | Labour Party (New Caledonia) | — | 2019 election | 1 / 54 | — | Revolutionary socialism |
| New Caledonia | Oceania | Kanak Socialist Liberation | — | 2019 election | 1 / 54 | — | Melanesian socialism |
| Nicaragua | America | Sandinista National Liberation Front | — | 2021 election | 75 / 90 | — | Sandinismo |
| Northern Ireland | Europe | People Before Profit | — | 2022 election | 1 / 90 | — | Socialism |
| North Korea | Asia | Workers' Party of Korea | — | 2019 election | 607 / 687 | — | Kimilsungism-Kimjongilism |
| North Macedonia | Europe | The Left (North Macedonia) | — | 2024 election | 6 / 120 | — | Socialism |
| Norway | Europe | Socialist Left Party | — | 2021 election | 13 / 169 | — | Democratic socialism |
| Norway | Europe | Red Party | — | 2021 election | 8 / 169 | — | Communism |
| Pakistan | Asia | Balochistan National Party (Mengal) | — | 2024 election | 2 / 336 | 1 / 100 | Democratic socialism |
| Pakistan | Asia | Majlis Wahdat-e-Muslimeen | — | 2024 election | 2 / 336 | 0 / 336 | Islamic socialism |
| Palestine | Asia | Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine | Palestine Liberation Organization | 2006 election | 3 / 132 | — | Marxism–Leninism |
| Palestine | Asia | Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine | Palestine Liberation Organization | 2006 election | 1 / 132 | — | Marxism–Leninism |
| Palestine | Asia | Palestinian People's Party | Palestine Liberation Organization | 2006 election | 1 / 132 | — | Scientific socialism |
| Paraguay | America | Guasú Front | — | 2023 election | 0 / 80 | 1 / 45 | Democratic socialism |
| Peru | America | Free Peru | — | 2021 election | 11 / 130 | — | Socialism Marxism-Leninism |
| Peru | America | Magisterial Bloc | — | 2021 election | 8 / 130 | — | Socialism |
| Peru | America | Bicentennial Peru | Together for Peru – People’s Voices | 2021 election | 3 / 130 | — | Socialism |
| Peru | America | Together for Peru | Together for Peru – People’s Voices | 2021 election | 1 / 130 | — | Democratic socialism |
| Peru | America | New Peru | Democratic people's bloc | 2021 election | 2 / 130 | — | Democratic socialism Mariáteguism |
| Philippines | Asia | Gabriela Women's Party | Makabayan | 2022 election | 1 / 316 | 0 / 24 | Marxist feminism Socialist feminism |
| Portugal | Europe | Left Bloc | — | 2024 election | 5 / 230 | — | Democratic socialism |
| Portugal | Europe | Portuguese Communist Party | Unitary Democratic Coalition | 2024 election | 4 / 230 | — | Marxism–Leninism |
| Portugal | Europe | LIVRE | — | 2024 election | 4 / 230 | — | Eco-socialism Democratic socialism |
| Russia | Europe | Communist Party of the Russian Federation | National Patriotic Forces of Russia | 2021 election | 57 / 450 | 3 / 170 | Marxism–Leninism |
| Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic | Africa | Polisario Front | — | 2023 election | 51 / 51 | — | Arab socialism Democratic socialism |
| Slovenia | Europe | LEVICA | — | 2022 election | 5 / 90 | — | Eco-socialism |
| South Africa | Africa | Economic Freedom Fighters | — | 2024 election | 39 / 400 | 9 / 90 | Marxism–Leninism |
| South Africa | Africa | uMkhonto weSizwe | — | 2024 election | 58 / 400 | 6 / 90 | Socialism |
| South Africa | Africa | South African Communist Party | Tripartite Alliance | 2024 election | 0 / 400 | 0 / 90 | Marxism–Leninism |
| South Ossetia | Europe | Communist Party of South Ossetia | — | 2024 election | 3 / 34 | — | Marxism–Leninism |
| Spain | Europe | United Left | Sumar | 2023 election | 5 / 350 | 0 / 266 | Communism, Socialism |
| Spain | Europe | Chunta Aragonesista | Sumar | 2023 election | 1 / 350 | 0 / 266 | Eco-socialism |
| Spain | Europe | Més per Mallorca | Sumar | 2023 election | 1 / 350 | 1 / 266 | Democratic socialism |
| Spain | Europe | Podemos | — | 2023 election | 5 / 350 | 0 / 266 | Democratic socialism |
| Spain | Europe | EH Bildu | Ahora Republicas | 2023 election | 6 / 350 | 4 / 266 | Socialism |
| Spain | Europe | Galician Nationalist Bloc | Ahora Republicas | 2023 election | 1 / 350 | 0 / 266 | Socialism |
| Sri Lanka | Asia | Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna | National People's Power | 2024 election | 159 / 225 | 159 / 225 | Marxism–Leninism |
| Sweden | Europe | Left Party | — | 2022 election | 24 / 349 | — | Socialism |
| Tajikistan | Asia | Communist Party of Tajikistan | — | 2020 election | 2 / 63 | 0 / 33 | Marxism–Leninism |
| Tajikistan | Asia | Socialist Party of Tajikistan | — | 2020 election | 1 / 63 | 0 / 33 | Socialism |
| Tanzania | Africa | Alliance for Change and Transparency | — | 2020 election | 5 / 384 | — | Democratic socialism |
| Turkey | Asia | Party of the Greens and Left Future | Labour and Freedom Alliance | 2023 election | 61 / 600 | — | Anti-capitalism |
| Turkey | Asia | Workers' Party of Turkey | Labour and Freedom Alliance | 2023 election | 4 / 600 | — | Marxism-Leninism |
| Uruguay | America | Movement of Popular Participation | Broad Front | 2024 election | 35 / 99 | 9 / 30 | Socialism of the 21st century |
| Uruguay | America | Communist Party of Uruguay | Broad Front | 2024 election | 5 / 99 | 2 / 30 | Marxism–Leninism |
| Uruguay | America | People's Victory Party | Broad Front | 2024 election | 1 / 99 | 0 / 30 | Marxism |
| Uruguay | America | Socialist Party of Uruguay | Broad Front | 2024 election | 0 / 99 | 1 / 30 | Socialism of the 21st century |
| Vanuatu | Oceania | Vanua'aku Pati | — | 2025 election | 7 / 52 | — | Melanesian socialism |
| Venezuela | America | United Socialist Party of Venezuela | Great Patriotic Pole | 2020 election | 219 / 277 | — | Socialism of the 21st century |
| Venezuela | America | Fatherland for All | Great Patriotic Pole | 2020 election | 8 / 277 | — | Democratic socialism |
| Venezuela | America | Tupamaro | Great Patriotic Pole | 2020 election | 7 / 277 | — | Marxism–Leninism |
| Venezuela | America | Movement We Are Venezuela | Great Patriotic Pole | 2020 election | 5 / 277 | — | Socialism |
| Venezuela | America | For Social Democracy | Great Patriotic Pole | 2020 election | 4 / 277 | — | Democratic socialism |
| Venezuela | America | Alliance for Change | Great Patriotic Pole | 2020 election | 3 / 277 | — | Democratic socialism |
| Venezuela | America | People's Electoral Movement | Great Patriotic Pole | 2020 election | 3 / 277 | — | Socialism |
| Venezuela | America | Venezuelan Popular Unity | Great Patriotic Pole | 2020 election | 2 / 277 | — | Socialism Marxism |
| Venezuela | America | Communist Party of Venezuela | Popular Revolutionary Alternative | 2020 election | 1 / 277 | — | Marxism–Leninism |
| Vietnam | Asia | Communist Party of Vietnam | Vietnamese Fatherland Front | 2021 election | 485 / 499 | — | Ho Chi Minh Thought |
| Yemen | Asia | Nasserist Unionist People's Organisation | — | 2003 election | 3 / 301 | — | Nasserism |
| Yemen | Asia | Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Yemen Region | — | 2003 election | 1 / 301 | — | Ba'athism |