# Orthodox Tewahedo biblical canon

The Orthodox Tewahedo biblical canon is a version of the Christian Bible used in the two Oriental Orthodox Churches of the Ethiopian and Eritrean traditions: the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church and the Eritrean Orthodox Tewahedo Church. At 81 books, it is the largest and most diverse biblical canon in traditional Christendom.
Western scholars have classified the books of the canon into two categories — the narrower canon, which consists mostly of books familiar to the West, and the broader canon, which includes nine additional books.
It is not known to exist at this time as one published compilation. Some books, though considered canonical, are nonetheless difficult to locate and are not even widely available in the churches' home countries of Ethiopia and Eritrea. But there is an ongoing project to publish the complete canon in English. There are copies of the Bible that claim to be the complete canon on shopping websites like Amazon, but the project says these are fake.

## Narrower canon
### Old Testament

Tanakh (Judaism) :
Torah (Instruction)GenesisBereshitExodusShemotLeviticusWayiqraNumbersBemidbarDeuteronomyDevarim :
Nevi'im (Prophets)
Former
JoshuaYehoshuaJudgesShofetimSamuelShemuelKingsMelakhim
Latter
IsaiahYeshayahuJeremiahYirmeyahuEzekielYekhezqel
Minor
Hosea
Joel
Amos
Obadiah
Jonah
Micah
Nahum
Habakkuk
Zephaniah
Haggai
Zechariah
Malachi :
Ketuvim (Writings)
Poetic
PsalmsTehillimProverbsMishleiJobIyov
Five Megillot (Scrolls)
Song of SongsShir HashirimRuthRutLamentationsEikhahEcclesiastesQoheletEstherEster
Historical
DanielDaniyyelEzra–NehemiahEzraChroniclesDivre Hayyamim :
Old Testament (Christianity) :
Pentateuch
Genesis
Exodus
Leviticus
Numbers
Deuteronomy :
Historical
Joshua
Judges
Ruth
1–2 Samuel
1–2 Kings
1–2 Chronicles
Ezra
Nehemiah
Esther :
Wisdom
Job
Psalms
Proverbs
Ecclesiastes
Song of Songs :
Prophetic
Major prophets
Isaiah
Jeremiah
Lamentations
Ezekiel
Daniel
Minor prophets
Hosea
Joel
Amos
Obadiah
Jonah
Micah
Nahum
Habakkuk
Zephaniah
Haggai
Zechariah
Malachi :
Deuterocanonical
Tobit
Judith
Additions to Esther
1 Maccabees
2 Maccabees
Wisdom of Solomon
Sirach
Baruch / Letter of Jeremiah
Additions to Daniel
Orthodox only
1 Esdras
2 Esdras
Prayer of Manasseh
Psalm 151
3 Maccabees
4 Maccabees
Odes
Orthodox Tewahedo
Enoch
Jubilees
1, 2, and 3 Meqabyan
Paralipomena of Baruch
Broader canon :
Bible portal :
vte :
The Orthodox Tewahedo narrower Old Testament canon contains the entire established Hebrew protocanon. Moreover, with the exception of the first two books of Maccabees, the Orthodox Tewahedo canon also contains the entire Catholic deuterocanon. In addition to this, the Orthodox Tewahedo Old Testament includes the Prayer of Manasseh, 3 Ezra, and 4 Ezra, which also appear in the canons of other Christian traditions. Unique to the Orthodox Tewahedo canon are the Paralipomena of Jeremiah (4 Baruch), Jubilees, Enoch, and the three books of Meqabyan.
The books of Lamentations, Jeremiah, and Baruch, as well as the Letter of Jeremiah and 4 Baruch, are all considered canonical by the Orthodox Tewahedo churches. Additionally, the 1st, 2nd and 3rd Books of Ethiopian Maccabees are also part of the canon; while they share a common name they are completely different from the books of Maccabees that are known or have been canonized in other traditions. Finally, within the Orthodox Tewahedo tradition, 3 Ezra is called Second Ezra, 4 Ezra is called Ezra Sutu'el, and the Prayer of Manasseh is incorporated into the Second Book of Chronicles.

### New Testament

The Orthodox Tewahedo narrower New Testament canon consists of the entire 27 book Christian protocanon, which is almost universally accepted across Christendom.

## Broader canon

The broader canon adds to the 81 books of the Tewahedo bible the following:
* Josippon (1 book)
* Sinodos (4 books)
* Books of Covenant (2 books)
* Ethiopic Clement (1 book)
* Didascalia (1 book)
The Ethiopic Didascalia, or Didesqelya, is a book of Church order in 43 chapters, distinct from the Didascalia Apostolorum, but similar to books I–VII of the Apostolic Constitutions, where it most likely originates. Ethiopic Clement should not be confused with 1 Clement or 2 Clement.
The broader canon seems to have been created by Ethiopian scholars commenting on the Fetha Negest law code, which says that the canon contains 81 books, but only lists 73. The additional eight books were those presumed to be missing from the list.

## List of books in the Orthodox Tewahedo Bible

Part of a series on the :
Bible :
Canons and books
Tanakh
Torah
Nevi'im
Ketuvim
Old Testament (OT)
New Testament (NT)
Deuterocanon
Antilegomena
Chapters and verses
Apocrypha
Jewish
OT
NT :
Authorship and development
Authorship
Dating
Hebrew canon
Old Testament canon
New Testament canon
Composition of the Torah
Mosaic authorship
Pauline epistles
Petrine epistles
Johannine works :
Translations and manuscripts
Dead Sea scrolls
Masoretic Text
Samaritan Pentateuch
Targumim
Septuagint
Peshitta
Vetus Latina
Vulgate
Gothic Bible
Luther Bible
English Bibles
by language :
Biblical studies
Archeology
Artifacts
Dating
Historicity
Internal consistency
People
Places
Names
Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia
Rahlfs' Septuagint
Novum Testamentum Graece
Documentary hypothesis
Synoptic problem
NT textual categories
Biblical criticism
Historical
Textual
Source
Form
Redaction
Canonical :
Interpretation
Hermeneutics
Pesher
Midrash
Pardes
Allegorical interpretation
Historical-grammatical method
Inspiration
Literalism
Alcohol
Conspiracy theory
Ethics
Capital punishment
Homosexuality
Humor
Incest
Muhammad
Prophecy
Rape
Serpents
Sex
Slavery
Violence
Warfare
Women :
Perspectives
Gnostic
Islamic
Quranic
Inerrancy
Infallibility
Criticism of the Bible
Biblical authority :
Outline of Bible-related topics Bible portal :
vte :

### In the Old Testament

List of Old Testament books in the Orthodox Tewahedo Bible:
* Genesis
* Exodus
* Leviticus
* Numbers
* Deuteronomy
* Joshua
* Judges
* Ruth
* 1 and 2 Samuel
* 1 and 2 Kings
* I Chronicles
* II Chronicles (incl. the Prayer of Manasseh)
* Jubilees
* Enoch
* 1 Ezra
* 2 Ezra (3 Ezra)
* Ezra Sutuel (4 Ezra)
* Tobit
* Judith
* Esther
* 1, 2, and 3 Meqabyan (sometimes called Ethiopian Maccabees, but not the same as the four Greek Books of the Maccabees)
* Job
* Psalms
* Messale (Proverbs ch 1–24)
* Tagsas (Proverbs ch 25–31)
* Wisdom of Solomon
* Ecclesiastes
* Song of Songs
* Sirach
* Isaiah
* Jeremiah (incl. Baruch, Lamentations, Letter of Jeremiah, and 4 Baruch)
* Ezekiel
* Daniel
* Hosea
* Amos
* Micah
* Joel
* Obadiah
* Jonah
* Nahum
* Habakkuk
* Zephaniah
* Haggai
* Zechariah
* Malachi
* Josippon

### In the New Testament

List of New Testament books in the Orthodox Tewahedo Bible.
* Matthew
* Mark
* Luke
* John
* Acts
* Romans
* 1 Corinthians
* 2 Corinthians
* Galatians
* Ephesians
* Philippians
* Colossians
* 1 Thessalonians
* 2 Thessalonians
* 1 Timothy
* 2 Timothy
* Titus
* Philemon
* Hebrews
* 1 Peter
* 2 Peter
* 1 John
* 2 John
* 3 John
* James
* Jude
* Revelation

### In the Church Order

List of Church Order books that are part of the broader canon:
* Sinodos
** Ser'ata Seyon (30 canons)
** Te'ezaz (71 canons)
** Gessew (56 canons)
** Abtelis (81 canons)
* 1 Covenant
* 2 Covenant
* Ethiopic Clement
* Didascalia