OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Formation

Formation may refer to:

## Linguistics

* Back-formation, the process of creating a new lexeme by removing or affixes
* Word formation, the creation of a new word by adding affixes

## Mathematics and science

* Cave formation or speleothem, a secondary mineral deposit formed in a cave
* Class formation, a topological group acting on a module satisfying certain conditions
* Formation (group theory), a class of groups that is closed under some operations
* Formation constant, an equilibrium constant for the formation of a complex in solution
* Formation enthalpy, standard heat of formation of a compound
* Formation (group theory), a class of groups
* Formation (geology), a formally named rock stratum or geological unit
* Formation of rocks, how rocks are formed
* Formation and evolution of the Solar System, history of the Solar System
* Rock formation, an isolated, scenic, or spectacular surface rock outcrop
* Vegetation formation, a concept used to classify vegetation communities

## Military

* Formation flying, the disciplined flight of two or more aircraft under the command of a flight leader
* Formation (military), a high-level military organization
* Tactical formation, the arrangement or deployment of moving military forces
* Formation, an element in order of battle as a formal assembly of military personnel usually to receive the course of actions (operation order) or get deployed to operations
** Formation may be tactical or ceremonial

## Music

* Formation Records, a record label headed by DJ SS
* "Formation" (song), a song by American singer Beyoncé on her 2016 album Lemonade
* The Formation World Tour, concert tour by Beyoncé for her album Lemonade

## Religion

* Formations or saṅkhāra, an important Buddhist concept
* Formation in the Catholic Church, the personal preparation that the Catholic Church offers to people with a defined mission

## Sports

* Formation (association football), how team players are positioned on the pitch
* Formation (American football), the positions in which players line up before the start of a down
* Formation (bandy), how the players are positioned on the rink
* Formation dance, a style of ballroom dancing
* Formation finish, a staged motor-race finish in which multiple vehicles of the same team cross the finish line together

## Writing

* Formation (book), a bildungsroman by Brad Mehldau

## Other

* Contract formation in law; an offer, acceptance, consideration, and a mutual intent to be bound
* Formation 8, an American venture capital firm in San Francisco, California
* Formation level, the native material underneath a constructed road, pavement or railway
* Formation of a coalition government, led by a formateur
* Formation water, water that is produced as a byproduct during oil and gas production
* Government formation in a parliamentary system
* Formations, imprint of Ohio State University Press
# War & Peace Vol. 2 (The Peace Disc)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| Christgau's Consumer Guide | C+ |
| Entertainment Weekly | B− |
| The Guardian | |
| RapReviews | 7/10 |
| Rolling Stone | |
| The Source | |
| USA Today | |
| Vibe | favorable |
War & Peace Volume 2 (The Peace Disc) is the sixth studio album by American rapper Ice Cube, released March 21, 2000, on his own label Lench Mob Records with distribution by Priority Records. It is the second part from the two-album project War & Peace; the previous volume, War & Peace Vol. 1 (The War Disc) was released in 1998. This was Ice Cube's final album under Priority Records and his last until the release of Laugh Now, Cry Later in 2006.
The album received generally positive reviews from critics and debuted at number three on the US Billboard 200, selling 185,000 copies in its first week. The album was certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) in May 2000. The club song "You Can Do It", which then later re-released in 2004, was a UK number two for Ice Cube.

## Commercial performance

War & Peace Vol. 2 (The Peace Disc) debuted at number three on the US Billboard 200, selling 185,000 copies in its first week. This became Ice Cube's fifth US top-ten album. The album also debuted at number one on the US Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart. On May 31, 2000, the album was certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) for sales of over 500,000 copies in the United States.

## Track listing

Credits adapted from the album's liner notes.

## Samples

Until We Rich
* "Show Me" by Glenn Jones
Record Company Pimpin
* "Riding High" by Faze-O
* "Please Listen to My Demo" by EPMD
Hello
* "The Watcher" by Dr. Dre
Waitin' ta Hate
* "Public Enemy No. 1" by Public Enemy
* "So Wat Cha Sayin'" by EPMD
You Can Do It
* "I Dream of Jeannie" by Hugo Montenegro
* "Rapper's Delight" by Sugarhill Gang
* "The Breaks" by Kurtis Blow
* "Planet Rock" by Afrika Bambaataa and Soulsonic Force
* "I Wanna Rock" by Luke
Gotta Be Insanity
* "Keep It Hot" by Cameo
* "The What" by the Notorious B.I.G.
Mackin' & Driving
* "Pushin' Weight" by Ice Cube

## Certifications

Certifications for War & Peace - Vol 2 :
| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| Canada (Music Canada) | Gold | 50,000$^^$ |
| United Kingdom (BPI) | Silver | 60,000$^*$ |
| United States (RIAA) | Gold | 500,000$^^$ |
| $^*$ Sales figures based on certification alone. $^^$ Shipments figures based on certification alone. |||
# Cornil

Cornil (French pronunciation:; Occitan: Cornilh) is a commune in Corrèze, a department in central France. It has a train station, Cornil station.
# Herri Torrontegui

Herri Torrontegui (born 19 April 1967) is a former Grand Prix motorcycle road racer from the Spanish Basque Country. His best year was 1989, when he won two Grand Prix races and finished in fourth place in the 80cc world championship.
After his racing career, he served as a manager for Spanish rider, Efrén Vázquez competing for the Ajo Motorsport team.
# 1944 Dunedin mayoral election

The 1944 Dunedin mayoral election was part of the New Zealand local elections held that same year. In 1944, elections were held for the Mayor of Dunedin plus other local government positions including twelve city councillors. The polling was conducted using the standard first-past-the-post electoral method.

## Background

Andrew Henson Allen, the incumbent Mayor, declined to run for a third term. Gervan McMillan the retired Labour MP for Dunedin West contested the mayoralty for a second time, but was narrowly defeated by councillor Donald Cameron. McMillan did, however, win a seat on the council.
Labour gained ground on the city council, winning six of the twelve seats, with three Citizens' councillors seeking re-election defeated. A recount was called for the city council poll by a Labour candidate Mark Silverstone. It changed the result slightly with Michael Connelly displacing Wally Hudson as the lowest polling successful candidate. It did not alter the party strength on the council as both had run as Labour candidates. The council viewed judged the recount to be unjustified and charged Silverstone to cover the cost of the recounting efforts.

## Mayoral results

1944 Dunedin mayoral election :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Citizens' | Donald Cameron | 15,859 | 50.74 | |
| | Labour | Gervan McMillan | 15,169 | 48.53 | +1.65 |
| Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 223 | 0.71 | −0.05 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 690 | 2.20 | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 31,251 | 70.16 | |

## Council results

1944 Dunedin local election :
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| Labour | Robert Walls | 16,918 | 54.13 | +0.16 |
| Labour | Phil Connolly | 16,068 | 51.41 | −6.10 |
| Labour | Gervan McMillan | 15,575 | 49.83 | |
| Citizens' | John McRae | 15,406 | 49.29 | −2.50 |
| Labour | Jim Munro | 15,400 | 49.27 | −0.57 |
| Labour | Meynell Blain | 15,377 | 49.20 | |
| Citizens' | Leonard James Tobin Ireland | 14,966 | 47.88 | −0.36 |
| Citizens' | Robert Forsyth-Barr | 14,957 | 47.86 | |
| Citizens' | Len Wright | 14,893 | 47.65 | −1.37 |
| Citizens' | David Charles Jolly | 14,838 | 47.48 | −0.57 |
| Citizens' | William Taverner | 14,748 | 47.19 | −3.26 |
| Labour | Michael Connelly | 14,722 | 47.11 | +0.88 |
| Labour | Wally Hudson | 14,720 | 47.10 | +1.23 |
| Citizens' | William Stewart Armitage | 14,764 | 47.24 | |
| Independent | Charlie Hayward | 14,672 | 46.94 | |
| Citizens' | Edmund J. Smith | 14,650 | 46.87 | −1.33 |
| Citizens' | John Wilson | 14,503 | 46.40 | −4.03 |
| Labour | Hubert Brown | 14,036 | 44.91 | |
| Labour | William Robert Clarke | 13,937 | 44.59 | |
| Citizens' | William Wallace Callender | 13,873 | 44.39 | |
| Labour | William Benedict Richards | 13,656 | 43.69 | |
| Citizens' | Matthew Cochrane Henderson | 13,458 | 43.06 | −6.03 |
| Labour | Mark Silverstone | 13,398 | 42.87 | +4.86 |
| Labour | Wilfred Claude McDonnell | 12,776 | 40.88 | |
| Independent | Robert Bell Middlemiss | 3,640 | 11.64 | |
Table footnotes:
* ↑ Hudson was appointed to the council in 1945 to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Jim Munro.
# Dan Duffy

Dan Duffy (born March 11, 1966) is a Republican member of the Illinois Senate. He represents the 26th Senate District which includes Barrington, Barrington Hills, North Barrington, Libertyville, Mundelein, Lake Zurich, Fox River Grove, Lakewood Hills, Cary, Hawthorn Woods, Lake in the Hills, Cuba and Kildeer.
On September 10, 2015, Duffy announced he would not be running for a third term. He resigned after his endorsed successor won the Republican primary.

## Early life, education, and career

Duffy grew up on the south side of Chicago, the youngest of 11 children. He graduated from Augustana College in Rock Island, Illinois with a bachelor's degree in speech communication. After college, he moved to the northwest suburbs where he eventually moved to Lake Barrington with his wife Kris, with whom he has five children. Duffy became a board member of the National Federation of Independent Businesses Leadership Council (NFIB) of Illinois and became the Chairman of the Lake and Cook County Area Action Council for independent businesses. He was a co-owner of Effective Data, Inc. located in Schaumburg, Illinois.

## Illinois Senate

Duffy was elected to the Illinois Senate in 2008 defeating then-Round Lake Mayor Bill Gentes by sixteen points in what was originally seen to be a competitive race. He succeeded William E. Peterson, who retired after sixteen years in the Illinois Senate.
As a member of the Senate, Duffy was a co-sponsor of the bill that abolished the death penalty in Illinois.
Duffy endorsed Dave McSweeney over incumbent Representative Kent Gaffney in the 2012 Republican primary and was one of the first legislators to endorse Bruce Rauner in the 2014 Republican primary. He has endorsed Dan McConchie to succeed him in the Illinois Senate.
Duffy resigned from the Illinois Senate on April 3, 2016 in order to take the position of president and CEO of Prevent Childhood Abuse America.

### Committee assignments

He serves on the following committees: Appropriations I, Commerce & Economic Development, Insurance, Labor, Public Health and the Committee on Pension Investments. He is also a past member of the Illinois Legislative Research Unit.
# Bulbophyllum proudlockii

Bulbophyllum proudlockii is a species of orchid in the family Orchidaceae.
# Doni Grdić

Doni Grdić (born 22 January 2002) is an Australian professional soccer player who plays for Sydney Olympic in the NPL NSW. Born in Croatia, he has represented Australia at youth level.

## Club career

Grdić started his career with Croatian top flight side Šibenik.
In July 2023, Grdić joined Australian club Western Sydney Wanderers on a one-year contract. After leaving the Wanderers after making just one league appearance and three appearances in all competitions, Grdić signed for Slovenian side Rudar Velenje.

## International career

Grdić has played for the Australia national U-17 and U-20 teams through his father, former Australian soccer player Anthony Grdic. He remains available to represent for the senior team of either Croatia or Australia.
In May 2021, he was called to the Olyroos by manager Graham Arnold in a string of friendlies preparing for the 2020 Summer Olympics, but was unused in all three friendlies as Australia were edged both by Ireland, Romania and Mexico. He was not included into the final squad of the Olyroos.
# 1900 Portuguese legislative election

Parliamentary elections were held in Portugal on 25 November 1900. The result was a victory for the Regenerator Party, which won 104 seats.

## Results

Seats :
| | Regenerator Party | 104 |
| | Progressive Party | 28 |
| | Other parties and independents | 6 |
| Total | Total | 138 |
| Source: Nohlen & Stöver |||
The results exclude seats from overseas territories.
# I'm Going to Break Your Heart

I'm Going to Break Your Heart is a Canadian documentary film, directed by Annie Bradley and Jim Morrison and released in 2019. The film profiles musicians Raine Maida and Chantal Kreviazuk on a retreat in St. Pierre and Miquelon, detailing both their collaboration on the joint album Moon vs. Sun and their efforts to work on the fractures and conflicts that had emerged in their 19 years of marriage.
The film had select theatrical screenings before premiering on Crave in May 2019.
Reviewing the film for The Georgia Straight, Ken Eisner opined that while Maida and Kreviazuk appeared to have been attempting to make a version of Once, the 2007 drama film starring Glen Hansard and Markéta Irglová, the film instead played like a marginally more hopeful version of The Swell Season, the later documentary film about the dissolution of Hansard and Irglová's marriage.
The film received a Canadian Screen Award nomination for Best Biography or Arts Documentary Program or Series at the 8th Canadian Screen Awards in 2020.
# Brant Colledge

Brant Colledge (born 25 October 1994) is a former professional Australian rules footballer who played for the West Coast Eagles in the Australian Football League (AFL). He was drafted by West Coast with the 45th pick in the 2012 National Draft, but played only three senior games for the club (two in 2014 and one in 2015) before being delisted at the end of the 2016 season.

## Early life

Colledge was born in France whilst his father, Steve, was coaching field hockey at Racing Club de France. His father had previously played for the Australian national field hockey team. Colledge began playing football for the Attadale Junior Football Club, and also played school football for Aquinas College. He played colts matches for Perth in the West Australian Football League (WAFL) during both the 2011 and 2012 seasons, and was in Western Australia's squad for both the 2011 and 2012 AFL Under 18 Championships.

## AFL career

Drafted by West Coast with pick 45 at the 2012 National Draft, Colledge made his senior WAFL debut in round 5 of the 2013 season, but managed only one further senior WAFL game (and six reserves games) after struggling with various injuries, including hip problems during the pre-season, a broken jaw, a hamstring injury, and finally a season-ending ankle injury. After playing the first two games of the 2014 WAFL season for West Coast's new reserves affiliate, East Perth, he made his senior debut for West Coast in round three of the 2014 AFL season, recording eight disposals and four tackles against St Kilda. He returned for the next game, against Geelong, but was then dropped and played only at WAFL level for the rest of the season.
During the 2015 AFL season, Colledge made only a single appearance at senior level, against Geelong in round nine. He was delisted at the end of the season, but was re-drafted in the 2016 Rookie Draft due to being contracted for 2016. Colledge was unable to break through to the senior line-up during the 2016 season, and was delisted once again.
# Rih

Rih or RIH may refer to:
* Rih (instrument), a Ukrainian instrument
* RIH (bicycle), a Dutch bicycle manufacturer
* Rih Dil, a lake in Chin State, Myanmar
* Rih, a word for "wind" in Arabic, sometimes used for the Jinn in Islam, as they are invisible like the wind (Mishkat al-Masabih 5860)
* Rih, a fictional black horse belonging to Kara Ben Nemsi in the books of Karl May, it means “fast as the wind” in Arabic
* A short name for Barbadian singer Rihanna
* The NYSE symbol for Robert Half International, a staffing and human resources services firm.
* Rhode Island Hospital, located in Providence, Rhode Island.
# Reiichi Ikegami

Reiichi Ikegami (池上 礼一, Ikegami Reiichi, born 12 July 1983) is a former Japanese football player.
Ikegami previously played for FC Tokyo in the J1 League.

## Club statistics

| Club performance | Club performance | Club performance | League | League | Cup | Cup | League Cup | League Cup | Total | Total |
| Season | Club | League | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Japan | Japan | Japan | League | League | Emperor's Cup | Emperor's Cup | J.League Cup | J.League Cup | Total | Total |
| 2006 | FC Tokyo | J1 League | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| 2007 | FC Tokyo | J1 League | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 4 | 0 |
| 2008 | FC Tokyo | J1 League | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| 2008 | Thespa Kusatsu | J2 League | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | - | - | 0 | 0 |
| 2009 | FC Kariya | Football League | 11 | 3 | 0 | 0 | - | - | 11 | 3 |
| 2010 | FC Gifu | J2 League | 16 | 0 | 1 | 0 | - | - | 17 | 0 |
| 2011 | FC Gifu | J2 League | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Country | Japan | Japan | 29 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 34 | 3 |
| Total | Total | Total | 29 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 34 | 3 |
# Wayne Township, Wayne County, Ohio

Wayne Township is one of the sixteen townships of Wayne County, Ohio, United States. The 2020 census found 4,005 people in the township.

## Geography

Located in the central part of the county, it borders the following townships:
* Canaan Township - north
* Milton Township - northeast corner
* Green Township - east
* East Union Township - southeast corner
* Wooster Township - south
* Plain Township - southwest corner
* Chester Township - west
* Congress Township - northwest corner
The unincorporated communities of Devil Town (previously known as Tannersville) and Mechanicsburg (not to be confused with the village of Mechanicsburg, which is in Champaign County) are located in the southwestern quadrant of the township. Devil Town is situated at the intersection of Mechanicsburg Road and Clear Creek Valley Road. Mechanicsburg is centered around the intersection of Mechanicsburg Road and Smithville Western Road.
The city of Wooster, the county seat of Wayne County, occupies much of southern Wayne Township.

## Name and history

It is one of twenty Wayne Townships statewide.

## Government

The township is governed by a three-member board of trustees, who are elected in November of odd-numbered years to a four-year term beginning on the following January 1. Two are elected in the year after the presidential election and one is elected in the year before it. There is also an elected township fiscal officer, who serves a four-year term beginning on April 1 of the year after the election, which is held in November of the year before the presidential election. Vacancies in the fiscal officership or on the board of trustees are filled by the remaining trustees.
# Steve Demeter

Stephen Demeter (January 27, 1935 – February 3, 2013) was an American professional baseball player, manager, coach and scout. He played in Major League Baseball for parts of two seasons, appearing in 15 games as a third baseman and pinch hitter in 1959 and 1960. Demeter was born in Homer City, Pennsylvania; he threw and batted right-handed and was listed as 5 feet 9 inches (1.75 m) tall and 185 pounds (84 kg).

## Career

Demeter graduated from Homer City High School and signed with the Detroit Tigers in 1953. During his seventh season in the Tiger farm system, he was recalled in July 1959 and appeared in 11 games over the remainder of the American League schedule, starting two games at third base. He collected two hits, including a double, in 18 plate appearances and at bats.
Then, prior to the 1960 season, on April 12, he was traded to the Cleveland Indians for first baseman Norm Cash in what turned out to be one of the most lop-sided trades in MLB history. Demeter played only four games and went hitless in five at bats for the Indians before being returned to the minor leagues, from which he never returned. Cash won the 1961 AL batting championship (.361), became one of the top sluggers of the 1960s (hitting 377 career home runs), appeared in 2,018 games in a Tiger uniform and made four All-Star teams.
Demeter played 19 seasons of minor league baseball (1953–1970, 1972). He was a fixture of the Rochester Red Wings teams of the mid- to late 1960s, hitting 272 minor league home runs over his long career. He was inducted into both the Rochester Red Wings Hall of Fame, in 1990, and the International League Hall of Fame, in 2009.
He also had a long tenure as a coach and manager. He served one year (in 1985) as a coach with the MLB Pittsburgh Pirates, working at first base through June 13, and then as bench coach. He also managed for nine seasons in the Pirates' farm system, at the helm of the Sherbrooke Pirates (1972), Salem Pirates (1973, 1976–1977), Charleston Charlies (1974–1975), Shreveport Captains (1978), and Buffalo Bisons (1979–1980) and was a roving instructor and scout for the Bucs.

## Personal life

Steve Demeter died in Parma, Ohio, at age 78 on February 3, 2013. A grandson, Derek Dietrich, played 746 games in the majors from 2013 to 2020 as a member of the Miami Marlins, Cincinnati Reds and Texas Rangers, as a versatile infielder-outfielder.
# Kollam-Paravur Coastal Road

Kollam-Paravur Coastal Road is one of the important city roads currently under construction in Kollam city in Kerala, India. The 14.1-kilometre-long (8.8 mi) road starts at Chinnakada in the north and ends at Paravur town in the south, via Kollam Beach, Mundakkal Beach, Kakkathoppu, Mukkom, Thanni and Pozhikara. Coastal road is considered one of the important roads in Kollam city as it is passing through the suburbs like Kochupilamoodu, Mundakkal, Valathungal and Vadakkumbhagam. It is also known as Eravipuram-Paravur Coastal road.

## Importance

Kollam-Paravur Coastal is one of the scenic roads in the state. 90% of this road is passing through the coastal areas of Kollam. As a city road, Kollam-Paravur Coastal road has its own importance as it is acting as a bypass that helps to divert the traffic on the congested Chinnakada-Kottiyam stretch of National Highway-66 passing through the city. In addition to that, the Harbour Engineering Department (HED) of Kerala is planning to make New port road towards Kollam Port as part of this coastal road. So after completion, the road will serve as a coastal bypass for Kollam city.
The Harbour Engineering Department completed the renovation works in Pozhikara-Thanni stretch of coastal road and opened for the public in December 2015. Bus services through coastal road, connecting Paravur with Kollam, has been resumed on 8 July 2016, after a gap of 24 years.