OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Triphenylphosphine oxide

Triphenylphosphine oxide (often abbreviated TPPO) is the organophosphorus compound with the formula OP(C$_6$H$_5$)$_3$, also written as Ph$_3$PO or PPh$_3$O (Ph = C$_6$H$_5$). It is one of the more common phosphine oxides. This colourless crystalline compound is a common but potentially useful waste product in reactions involving triphenylphosphine. It is a popular reagent to induce the crystallizing of chemical compounds.

## Structure and properties

Ph$_3$PO is structurally related to POCl$_3$. As established by X-ray crystallography, the geometry around P is tetrahedral, and the P-O distance is 1.48 Å. Other modifications of Ph$_3$PO have been found: For example, a monoclinic form crystalizes in the space group P2$_1$/c with Z = 4 and a = 15.066(1) Å, b = 9.037(2) Å, c = 11.296(3) Å, and β = 98.47(1)°.The orthorhombic modification crystallizes in the space group Pbca with Z = 4 and 29.089(3) Å, b = 9.1347(9), c = 11.261(1) Å.
The oxygen center is relatively basic. The rigidity of the backbone and the basicity of the oxygen center make this species a popular agent to crystallize otherwise difficult to crystallize molecules. This trick is applicable to molecules that have acidic hydrogen atoms, e.g. phenols.

## As a byproduct of organic synthesis

Ph$_3$PO is a byproduct of many useful reactions in organic synthesis including the Wittig, Staudinger, and Mitsunobu reactions. It is also formed when PPh$_3$Cl$_2$ is employed to convert alcohols into alkyl chlorides:
    Ph$_3$PCl$_2$ + ROH → Ph$_3$PO + HCl + RCl
Triphenylphosphine can be regenerated from the oxide by treatment with a variety of deoxygenation agents, such as phosgene or trichlorosilane/triethylamine:
    Ph$_3$PO + SiHCl$_3$ → PPh$_3$ + 1/n (OSiCl$_2$)$_n$ + HCl
Triphenylphosphine oxide can be difficult to remove from reaction mixtures by means of chromatography. It is poorly soluble in hexane and cold diethyl ether. Trituration or chromatography of crude products with these solvents often leads to a good separation of triphenylphosphine oxide. Its removal is facilitated by conversion to its Mg(II) complex, which is poorly soluble in toluene or dichloromethane and can be filtered off. An alternative filtration method where ZnCl$_2$(TPPO)$_2$ is formed upon addition of ZnCl$_2$ may be used with more polar solvents such as ethanol, ethyl acetate and tetrahydrofuran.

## Coordination chemistry

Ph$_3$PO forms a variety of complexes. A representative complex is the tetrahedral species NiCl$_2$(OPPh$_3$)$_2$.
Ph$_3$PO is a common impurity in PPh$_3$. The oxidation of PPh$_3$ by oxygen, including air, is catalysed by many metal ions:
    2 PPh$_3$ + O$_2$ → 2 Ph$_3$PO
# Odai no Kata

Odai no Kata (於大の方, 1528–1602), also known as Dai, Daishi, and Denzûin, was a Japanese noble lady from the Sengoku period.
She was the mother of Tokugawa Ieyasu, founder of the Tokugawa Shogunate. She was the daughter of Mizuno Tadamasa, the lord of Kariya Castle. She was married to Matsudaira Hirotada in 1541 and gave birth to Ieyasu two years later. After the Mizuno clan betrayed Hirotada in 1544, he divorced her and remarried.

## Biography

Odai was born in 1528 as the daughter of Mizuno Tadamasa in Ogawa (present-day Higashiura). Odai's older brother Mizuno Nobumoto who succeeded the Mizuno clan after the death of Tadamasa broke relations with the Imagawa clan who was the master of the Matsudaira family and followed Oda clan in 1544, Odai was divorced by Hirotada who worried about relations with the Imagawa family and returned to Kariya Castle of the Mizuno family in Mikawa Province. In 1547, Odai remarried Toshikatsu, the lord of Agoya Castle in Chita-gun according to the wish of Nobumoto. Toshimasa had married a daughter of the Mizuno clan, but did not have good relationship with the Mizuno family or the Matsudaira family after her death, and he strengthened relations with the Mizuno clan in his struggle against the Matsudaira family. She bore Toshikatsu three sons and three daughters. She maintained regular correspondence with Ieyasu during this time.
After the Battle of Okehazama, Ieyasu became independent from the Imagawa clan and allied with the Oda family, gave the family name Matsudaira to the three sons of Toshikatsu and Odai, made them his retainers, and welcomed Odai as his mother. Odai underwent tonsure and called herself Denzuin after the death of her husband, Toshikatsu.
In 1602, after the Battle of Sekigahara, she had an audience with the widow of Hideyoshi, Kodaiin and Emperor Goyozei, and visited Toyokuni-jinja Shrine in Kyoto to show that the Tokugawa clan had no hostility toward the Toyotomi clan. In the same year, she died in Fushimi Castle in Kyoto, where Ieyasu was staying. Her ashes were buried at Denzu-in Temple in Koishikawa, Edo. Her posthumous Buddhist name is Denzuinden Yoyokogaku Chiko Daizenjoni. Her family temples were built in various locations.
Odai's birthplace of Higashiura-cho constructed 'Odai Park' in Ogawa in her memory and holds an 'Odai Festivals' every year.

## Honours

* Junior First Rank (1850; posthumous)
# Jeff Agnew

Jeffrey Agnew (born August 17, 1965) is an American professional stock car racing driver. He last competed part-time in the NASCAR Camping World Truck Series, driving the No. 27 for Hillman Racing in 2013.

## Racing career

Agnew made his debut in racing in 1978 running late models, he competed against Darrell Waltrip and Bobby Allison in one race that year.
He is most well-known for his success as a competitor in the Hooters Pro Cup Series, where he was the champion of the 1998 and 2011 seasons. The 1998 championship came with future NASCAR Cup Series crew chief Darian Grubb serving in that same capacity for Agnew. He also won the 2003 Hooters Pro Cup Series regular season (competing only in the Northern Division races). Agnew ended his career in the series with 20 wins, 97 Top-5 and 153 Top-10 finishes in 237 starts.
Agnew also captured six track titles, two each at Motor Mile Speedway, Lonesome Pine Raceway and Kingsport Speedway. He is listed 4th in Motor Mile Speedway late model all-time wins list with 48 wins.
In 2011 at age 45, he made his NASCAR debut, competing in three events in NASCAR Camping World Truck Series. He then competed in 11 events in the 2012 season and 15 races in 2013, including a combined effort between Team 7 Motorsports and Hillman Racing. He ended his NASCAR career with 29 starts. His best finish was 14th at Martinsville Speedway in 2011.

## Motorsports career results
### NASCAR
#### Camping World Truck Series

NASCAR Camping World Truck Series results :
| Year | Team | No. | Make | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | NCWTC | Pts |
| 2011 | Team 7 Motorsports | 70 | Chevy | DAY | PHO | DAR | MAR | NSH | DOV | CLT | KAN | TEX | KEN | IOW | NSH | IRP | POC | MCH | BRI 28 | ATL | CHI | NHA 27 | KEN | LVS | TAL | MAR 14 | TEX | HOM DNQ | 48th | 63 |
| 2012 | Team 7 Motorsports | 70 | Chevy | DAY | MAR 35 | CAR 27 | KAN | CLT DNQ | DOV 21 | TEX | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 29th | 204 |
| 2012 | SS-Green Light Racing | 07 | Chevy | | | | | | | | KEN 27 | IOW 21 | CHI | | | | | | BRI 32 | ATL | IOW | KEN 17 | LVS | TAL | MAR 21 | TEX 25 | PHO | HOM 24 | 29th | 204 |
| 2012 | SS-Green Light Racing | 07 | Toyota | | | | | | | | | | | POC 31 | MCH | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 29th | 204 |
| 2013 | Hillman Racing | 27 | Chevy | DAY 23 | MAR 23 | CAR 35 | KAN 23 | CLT 21 | DOV 23 | TEX | KEN 15 | IOW 20 | ELD | POC 23 | MCH | BRI 31 | MSP | IOW 30 | CHI 18 | LVS | TAL 28 | MAR 15 | TEX | PHO | HOM 18 | | | | 23rd | 314 |
# Centre Left Alliance

The Centre Left Alliance (Romanian: Alianţa de Centru Stânga, ACS) is a former political alliance between the Social Democratic Party (PSD) and the National Union for the Progress of Romania (UNPR) founded in August 2012.
The alliance was part of the Social Liberal Union (USL) together with the Conservative Party (PC) and the National Liberal Party (PNL), the latter two part of the no longer functioning ACD. PSD and UNPR had common parliamentary groups and at one point planned a merger.

## Electoral history
### Legislative elections

| Election | Chamber | Chamber | Chamber | Senate | Senate | Senate | Position | Aftermath |
| Election | Votes | % | Seats | Votes | % | Seats | Position | Aftermath |
| 2012 | 4,344,288 | 58.63 | 159 / 412 | 4,457,526 | 60.10 | 63 / 176 | 1st (within USL)$^1$ | USL government (2012–2014) |
| 2012 | 4,344,288 | 58.63 | 159 / 412 | 4,457,526 | 60.10 | 63 / 176 | PSD-UNPR-UDMR-PC government (2014) |
| 2012 | 4,344,288 | 58.63 | 159 / 412 | 4,457,526 | 60.10 | 63 / 176 | PSD-UNPR-ALDE$^2$ government (2014–2015) |
Notes:
$^1$ USL was an alliance of two smaller alliances: Centre Left Alliance (ACS) and Centre Right Alliance (ACD). Centre Left Alliance (ACS) members: PSD (58 senators and 149 deputies) and UNPR (5 senators and 10 deputies). The Centre Right Alliance (ACD) members were the PNL (51 senators and 101 deputies) and the PC (8 senators and 13 deputies).
$^2$ ALDE was created in June 2015 from a merger of PLR (a splinter of PNL) and PC.
# MEDINA

Model Editor Interactive for Numerical Simulation Analysis (MEDINA) is a piece of software utilized in the manufacturing and engineering sector to simulate the properties of objects designed using computer-aided design (CAD) before their fabrication. The development of MEDINA began in the early 1990s at Daimler-Benz AG, building on previous work carried out at "Debis Systemhaus". In 2001, T-Systems International GmbH took over the support and development of MEDINA. In 2024, Kube GmbH Ingenieurbüro acquired MEDINA, taking over the support and development.

## Architecture and interfaces

MEDINA was developed as a pre- and post-processing tool for various domains within finite element analysis (FEA). It is compatible with most widely used CAD formats, solver applications and can run on two operating systems: Linux and Microsoft Windows.

## Characteristic

MEDINA was developed to handle complex simulation tasks and large finite element (FE) models efficiently.
# Michael Connelly (Illinois politician)

Michael G. Connelly is a former Republican member of the Illinois Senate, representing the 21st district, from 2013 to 2018. He previously served in the Illinois House of Representatives from 2009 to 2012.

## Political career

Connelly served as a Lisle village trustee from 2001 to 2006 as well as sittinggon in theLIstle Township Republican Committee. In 2006, he was elected to the DuPage County Board, representing the 5th district.
In 2008, he was elected to the Illinois House of Representatives, representing the 48th district.
In 2012, he was elected to the Illinois Senate, representing the 21st district. While in the Senate, Connelly served as the Assistant Minority Leader. In 2018, he lost reelection to Democratic candidate Laura Ellman by a margin of 1179 votes. He resigned on December 21, 2018, and John J. Fisher Jr. was appointed his successor for a day in January 2019.

## Personal life

Connelly was born in Chicago and raised in La Grange. He graduated from Loyola University in 1986 and the John Marshall Law School in 1989. Connelly previously served as an assistant State's Attorney in Cook County and as a law clerk to Justice Allan Stouder of the Illinois Appellate Court. He has been in the private practice of law for over 20 years.
Connelly and his wife, Lisa, have three children.
# Kammapatha

Kammapatha, in Buddhism, refers to the ten wholesome and unwholesome courses (or paths) of action (karma).
Among the ten in the two sets, three are bodily, four are verbal, and three are mental. The ten courses of unwholesome kamma may be listed as follows, divided by way of their doors of expression:
Three of Body
* Destroying life
* Stealing
* Sexual Misconduct
Four of Speech
* False Speech
* Divisive Speech
* Offensive Speech
* Senseless Speech
Three of Mind
* Covetousness
* Malice
* Wrong view
The ten courses of wholesome kamma are the opposites of these: abstaining from the first seven courses of unwholesome kamma, being free from covetousness and malice, and holding right view. Though the seven cases of abstinence are exercised entirely by the mind and do not necessarily entail overt action, they are still designated wholesome bodily and verbal action because they center on the control of the faculties of body and speech.
Je Tsongkhapa mentions that, while the first seven (those of body and speech) are paths of action (karma-patha) and actions (karma), the three of the mind are karma-patha but they are not actions (karma) as they culminate in intentions. While intentions are actions, they are not karma-patha.
# William Wirt Winchester

William Wirt Winchester (June 22, 1837 – March 7, 1881) was an American and the treasurer of the Winchester Repeating Arms Company, a position he held until his death in 1881.

## Family

He was born on June 22, 1837, to Oliver Winchester and Jane Ellen Hope in Baltimore, Maryland. His siblings include: Ann Rebecca Winchester (1835-1864) who married Charles B. Dye; and Hannah Jane Winchester who married Thomas Gray Bennett. William married Sarah Lockwood Pardee on September 30, 1862. The couple had one known child, Annie Pardee Winchester, born June 15, 1866, who died 6 weeks later on July 25 from marasmus. William died in New Haven, Connecticut, on March 7, 1881, of tuberculosis. He was buried in Evergreen Cemetery in New Haven. After his death, his wife, Sarah, moved to Santa Clara Valley, California and became notable for building Llanada Villa, later known as the Winchester Mystery House.

## Legacy

The William Wirt Winchester Hospital in West Haven, Connecticut, was established by his wife Sarah for the treatment of tuberculosis. The hospital was later sold and became a Veteran's Administration Hospital. The Private Pavilion at Yale New Haven Hospital was then renamed in his honor.
# John Percival Droop

John Percival Droop (4 October 1882 – 26 September 1963, in Vence, France) was a British classical archaeologist of Dutch descent.
After attending Marlborough College and Trinity College, Cambridge, Droop became a student of the British School at Athens, where he excavated at Sparta, in Thessaly, on Milos and on Crete. He later became a full member of the BSA.
In 1911, Droop joined T. Eric Peet's Egypt Exploration Fund at Abydos, where he and Peet developed a system for dating pre-dynastic Egyptian ceramics. During the First World War, Droop worked for the Admiralty, and remained in post until 1921, when he was appointed the Charles W. Jones Professor of Classical Archaeology in the University of Liverpool, a position he held until 1948.
He excavated widely: at Chester, Bainbridge and Lancaster in Britain, and at Niebla in Spain. He edited the scholarly journal Annals of Archaeology and Anthropology from 1937 until 1948.
Droop gives his name to an Ancient Greek bowl form, dating from the 6th century BC, which he studied and categorised. Droop also researched the temple of Artemis Orthia at Sparta.
He was the son of Henry Richmond Droop (1832–1884), the mathematician, and Clara Baily (c. 1841 – 7 September 1921). In 1916, he married Ita Bride Moloney; they had three children.

## Works

* 1908. "Two Cyrenaic Kylikes", Journal of Hellenic Studies 28:175–179.
* 1910. "The dates of the vases called 'Cyrenaic", Journal of Hellenic Studies 30:1–34.
* 1932. "Droop Cups and the Dating of Laconian Pottery", Journal of Hellenic Studies 52:303–304.
# Flumioxazin

Flumioxazin is an herbicide used for control of broadleaf weeds in agricultural areas. It is also used to control aquatic plants. In granular form it is used to control of submerged plants, and as a direct foliar application it is used to control emergent and floating-leaf plants. It can also be used to control some filamentous algae.
Flumioxazin is an inhibitor of the enzyme protoporphyrinogen oxidase which then interferes with the plant's chlorophyll production.
# Aisha Nantongo

Aisha Nantongo (born 6 April 2002) is a Ugandan professional footballer who plays as a centre-back for Egyptian club FC Masar.

## Club career

Nantongo played for St. Noa Girls SS, Kawempe Muslims WFC and was also their former captain.
Aisha sealed a deal to join Danish first-division team Aalborg BK on a two-year employment contract in Denmark.
Aisha helped FC Masar to a third place finish in their first debut in the CAF Women's Champions League in Morocco 2024.
On 25 November 2024, the Confédération Africaine de Football (CAF) announced the Best XI of the CAF Women’s Champions League Morocco 2024, where Aisha was named among the top-performing players of the tournament.

## International career

Aisha's first international cap came against Senegal on 3 July 2022.
# Cicadas (2025 film)

Cicadas (German: Zikaden) is a 2025 German drama film written and directed by Ina Weisse. The film follows friendship between two dissimilar women: single mother Anja, who tries to keep herself and her daughter afloat with various jobs, and Isabell, who takes care of her parents in need of care and whose relationship with her husband Philipp is put to the test.
The film selected in Panorama 2025 had its premiere at the 75th Berlin International Film Festival on 15 February 2025. It is expected to release in theaters on 19 June 2025.

## Synopsis

Isabell's life is thrown into turmoil as she juggles caring for her aging parents, marital troubles with Philippe, and frequent trips between Berlin and their modernist retreat. There, she bonds unexpectedly with Anja, a struggling single mother. As Anja and her daughter Greta become part of her life, Isabell begins to question her carefully maintained stability, feeling an increasing loss of control.

## Cast

* Nina Hoss as Anja
* Saskia Rosendahl as Isabell
* Vincent Macaigne as Philipp
* Thorsten Merten
* Christina Große
* Alexander Hörbe
* Bettina Lamprecht
* Inge Weisse
* Rolf Weisse
* Robert Mika
* Mark Zak
* Yvon Moltzen
* Camille Moltzen as Valentin
* Uwe Preuss as Karsten

## Production

Principal photography began on 13 August 2024 on locations in Germany - Berlin and Brandenburg. Filming ended on 26 September 2024.

## Release

Cicadas had its World premiere in the Panorama section of the 75th Berlin International Film Festival on 15 February 2025.
In January 2025, Germany-based Beta Cinema acquired the international sales rights of the film. DCM plans to release the film in German-speaking territories in summer 2025.
It will be released in German theaters on 19 June 2025.

## Accolades

| Award | Date | Category | Recipient | Result | Ref. |
| Berlin International Film Festival | 23 February 2025 | Panorama Audience Award for Best Feature Film | Ina Weisse | Nominated | |
# Mechanicsville, Indiana

Mechanicsville is an unincorporated community in Center Township, Vanderburgh County, Indiana, United States.
It is located within the city limits of Evansville.

## History

A post office was established at Mechanicsville in 1829, and remained in operation until it was discontinued in 1879.
# Olmo (film)

Olmo is a 2025 drama film written and directed by Fernando Eimbcke. The film, set in 1980s New Jersey, stars Aivan Uttapa in the titular role of a 14-year-old boy named Olmo, who is stuck at home caring for his bedridden father. A co-production between the United States and Mexico, the film was selected in Panorama 2025 and premiered at the 75th Berlin International Film Festival on 16 February 2025.

## Synopsis

Olmo centers on 14-year-old Olmo, who is tasked with caring for his bedridden father afflicted with Multiple sclerosis. However, his life takes an unexpected turn when his enchanting neighbor, Nina Sandoval, invites him to a party.

## Cast

* Gustavo Sánchez Parra
* Aivan Uttapa as Olmo
* Diego Olmedo
* Andrea Suárez Paz
* Rosa Armendariz as Ana
* Valentín Mexico as Tio Julio
* Melanie Frometa as Nina Sandoval
* Humberto Castro

## Production

Plan B Entertainment, under the micro budget film finance initiative to produce and finance lower cost films, launched Olmo as its first film.
Filming began on July 12, 2023 in the United States in New York and Jersey City.
Olmo produced by Dede Gardner, Jeremy Kleiner, and Eréndira Núñez Larios and directed by Fernando Eimbcke, featuring Gustavo Sánchez Parra and Andrea Suarez Paz wrapped up filming in and around Las Cruces, New Mexico in November 2023.

## Release

Olmo had its World premiere in the Panorama section of the 75th Berlin International Film Festival on 16 February 2025.

## Accolades

| Award | Date | Category | Recipient | Result | Ref. |
| Berlin International Film Festival | 23 February 2025 | Panorama Audience Award for Best Feature Film | Fernando Eimbcke | Nominated | |
# Cook Islands Biodiversity

The Cook Islands Biodiversity website is a database with a collection of information on the plants and animals, native and non-native, found in the Cook Islands.
The collection of data and the development of the database on MS Access took more than a dozen years. The Bishop Museum (Honolulu), with support from PBIN, facilitated the programming of the database for the web and hosts the website. It was launched on 8 March 2003, reprogrammed and radically redesigned on 1 May 2005, and further developed 1 October 2005. In 2011 the Cook Islands Natural Heritage Trust enlisted expert computer specialists to redesign its extensive online biodiversity database.
This was an allocation over and above the Trust's basic budget, as outlined in its 2008–09 annual report, which was tabled in parliament by Prime Minister Henry Puna (also minister of National Environment Services).
The multimedia database is designed to integrate scientific and traditional information on all the plants and animals of the Cook Islands – native and non-native; terrestrial, marine, and freshwater. The database can use a range of criteria to display subsets of species for special interest groups. A species can be searched in Latin, English, or Cook Islands Māori.
The Cook Islands Natural Heritage Trust has a permanent research staff of one: Gerald McCormack. Gerald McCormack has worked for the Cook Islands Government since 1980. In 1990 he became the director and researcher for the Cook Islands Natural Heritage Project – a Trust since 1999. He is the lead developer of the Biodiversity Database, which is based on information from local and overseas experts, fieldwork and library research.
The website and its database are available on CD from the Natural Heritage Trust. A new CD is produced each year about mid-year.
# Darrehrud District

Darrehrud District (Persian: بخش دره‌رود) is in Ungut County of Ardabil province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Ziveh, whose population at the time of the 2016 National Census was 1,412 people in 375 households.

## History

In 2020, Ungut District was separated from Germi County in the establishment of Ungut County and renamed the Central District. The new county was divided into two districts of two rural districts each, with Angut as its capital and only city at the time.

## Demographics
### Administrative divisions

Darrehrud District :
* Administrative Divisions
* Darrehrud-e Jonubi RD
* Darrehrud-e Shomali RD
* RD = Rural District
# Athletics at the 1950 British Empire Games – Men's 4 × 440 yards relay

The men's 4 × 440 yards relay event at the 1950 British Empire Games was held on 11 February at the Eden Park in Auckland, New Zealand.

## Results

| Rank | Nation | Athletes | Time |
| | Australia | Edwin Carr, George Gedge, James Humphreys, Ross Price | 3:17.8 |
| | England | Derek Pugh, John Parlett, Leslie Lewis, Terry Higgins | 3:19.3 |
| | New Zealand | David Batten, Derek Steward, John Holland, Jack Sutherland | 3:20.0 |
| 4 | Ceylon | A. Somapala, Duncan White, John De Saram, Oscar Wijeyasinghe | 3:22.8 |
| | Canada | Bill Parnell, Don Pettie, Jack Hutchins, Bill LaRochelle | ?:??.? |