# Tehaapapa I

Tehaʻapapa I (c. 1735–1810) also called Fatu'araʻi Teri'itariʻa Tei'oatua v. was a sovereign of the island of Huahine.
From her first union with Rohianu'u, she had a son named Teriitaria I born in 1765. Rohianu'u died in 1767, and she became the wife of his brother Mato, by whom she had a daughter, Turaiari'i born in 1769. By another woman, Tetuaveroa, Mato had two sons: Tenania the eldest, and Mahine, born in 1761.
Teha'apapa assumed the regency of her son Teriitaria with the support of Chief Ori, her great uncle by marriage. He was twelve years old and was the Ari'i rahi of Huahine when James Cook met him in 1777. He was still the king in January 1791, according to the information reported to James Morison by the inhabitants of Huahine while he was in Tahiti. It is clear that he was ousted during that decade by Mahine and Tenania, who eventually seized power over the island of Huahine. His fate remains unknown.
When the English missionaries arrived in Huahine in November 1808, the children of Mato and Turaiarii were in power over the island of Huahine.Teriitaria II had been recognized as of equal rank to Mahine since November 1808 and was to marry King Pomare II. Teha'apapa had become a district chief and was also serving as regent for her granddaughter Teriitaria, the legitimate queen. She died on July 25, 1810.
Mahine ceded power to Teriitaria II after the Battle of Feipi in November 1815. He was 60 years old at that time and had decided to withdraw from politics to devote himself to Christianity. However, he maintained control over the island of Mai'ao.

## James Cook at Huahine

During his stay on the island of Huahine, James Cook reported having met the supreme chief, or "Arii rahi," of the island of Huahine. His name was "Taireetareea" or Teriitaria. However, he did not mention the name of his mother.
He was approximately eight years old in September 1773 when Georg Forster encountered him. By October 1777, Captain James Cook noted that he was no older than twelve and recorded that his father had died in a battle against Puni, the chief of Borabora, who had conquered Tahaa and a few years before his first trip to the "Society Islands" in 1769, Raiatea. Teriitaria I was therefore born around 1765. He was the te "Ari'i rahi", or supreme chief of Huahine. During his minority, Chief Ori assumed the role of his protector and regent. Ori held the regency until he was compelled to relinquish it in 1777. As acting chief, Oree would also be Teriitaria's uncle. He was described by Georg Forster as an elderly man, likely between fifty and sixty years of age. Given the probable age of Ori, he could not have been Teriitaria's uncle in the traditional sense. The familial and generational gaps would not support the idea that Ori was Teriitaria's uncle, but rather a more distant relative, possibly a great uncle or someone involved in a regency role due to his familial ties. According to Omai, the brother of Ori was called Tereroa.

## James Morisson at Tahiti

In January 1791, while in Tahiti, James Morrison (mutineer) reported having received information from the inhabitants of Huahine regarding Omai. They informed him that "the Musquetts are in possession of a Chief who was his Friend (Calld Tennanea, brother to Tayreetarieea king of Hooaheine)". It is likely that the person mentioned by Morisson was the Ari'i whom James Cook met in 1777, although the relationship with Tenania, brother of Mahine, is somewhat erroneous. They were rather cousins according to the writings of the genealogist Mare, although some writings present him as a half-brother. But this is of little importance since his legitimacy as king came from his mother Tehaapapa I. He was still alive in 1891, but it is believed that he had been subsequently ousted by Mahine and Tenania, sons of Mato, during that decade.

## John Turnbull at Huahine

John Turnbull, a British navigator and merchant, arrived in Tahiti on September 24, 1802, and stayed for about a month. Around this time, Itia, the mother of Pomare II, appeared alongside her favorite, a chief from the island of Huahine, a man of most savage appearance and manner. She had been separated from her husband, Pomare I, for several years. Around October 25, 1802, Turnbull landed on Huahine. He was honoured with a visit from the principal lady on the island, who was so corpulent that it was with much difficulty she could be brought onto the deck. This lady exercised sovereignty during the minority of the young king, her grandson. He had no other distinguishing marks from his subjects, except that he seemed to be treated with attention and was carried on men’s shoulders. He had two sisters, about nine or ten years old, and the king was a year or two younger. At Raiatea he met the king "Tomaquoa", and his "Queen Teerimonie". The father of the king made him a visit. He moreover received a visit from the mother of the queen. Turnbull noted that the chief or king of Tahaa, who generally resides in Raiatea, is the commander-in-chief of the inhabitants of both islands in time of war, and seemed to possess much more power and influence in Raiatea than the king himself.

## The English missionaries at Huahine

On November 11, 1808, English missionaries landed on the island of Huahine due to an insurrection against Pōmare II in Tahiti. The missionary John Davies recounted his stay on the island in his diary. Upon their arrival, they were greeted by Puru and his brother Ariipaea whose wife was Itia, former wife of King Pomare I of Tahiti. On November 14, 1808, the missionaries consulted Itia and Ariipaea in order to offer gifts to the chiefs. They were told that Puru and Teriitaria should be considered first. The latter was the daughter of Tamatoa III a principal chief of Raiatea. She was reckoned as Supreme Chief or "Arii rahi" on the island of Huahine and was intended to be the wife of King Pomare II. Teriitaria II lived in Huahine with two sisters, a brother and a cousin daughter of Ariipaea.
John Davies would later confirm that Puru was called Mahine. He was also called Teheiura. His brother Ariipaea was also known as Tenania.
On May 26, 1809, John Davies reported that Nohorai son of Tamatoa III, was also called Tinorua. Later writings will confirm that he became Moeore, the chief of the district of Atea, on the east coast of the small island of Huahine. He later succeeded his father, who died in June 1831, under the name Tamatoa IV.
During the English missionaries' stay on the island of Huahine, a strategic alliance was forged between the Tamatoa and Pomare dynasties. On November 21, 1808, Itia dispatched a message to Tahiti, inviting her son, Pomare II, to journey to the Leeward Islands and take Teriitaria II as his wife.
On November 28, 1808, missionary John Davies provided further insights into the family of Tehaapapa I. On this occasion, gifts were presented to eight chiefs of the island of Huahine: Hapapa, Nohorae, Tɛnanea, Turaeare, Tɛmare, Tɛehutu, Taroaare, and Taraemano (Tehaapapa, Nohorai, Tenania, Turaiarii, Temarii, Teihotu, Taaroaarii, Teraimano). Teha'apapa I, was an old woman of the family of Tamatoa. She called herself the mother of most of the other chefs. Nohorai was the son of Tamatoa and the brother of Teriitaria II. Temarii and Teihotu were his other sisters who also lived in Huahine. He had another sister who lived with his father in Raiatea. Tenania was a young woman belonging to the same family. Turaiarii was Ariipaea's daughter from his first wife. Teraimano or as she was formerly called Teariiaetua was his daughter by Itia. Taaroaarii was the son of Puru.
On July 6, 1818, Davies confirmed that Turaiarii, the eldest daughter of Ariipaea, was now called Teraimano, niece of Puru. Historian Teuira Henry referred to her as "Turaiarii Teraimano". She took the name of her younger sister, who had died at the age of 15 to 16 years old around 1811. On her mother's side, she was the half-sister of Pomare II and was initially named Teariiaetua, according to John Davies' writings on April 17, 1808.

## Attempt to seize the ship Hope. Death of Teha'apapa I

In a letter dated November 16, 1810, addressed to the English missionaries, Pomare II recounted an attempted seizure of the ship Hope, commanded by Captain Chase, while it was docked at the island of Huahine. This plan had been proposed by the chief, Tapoa I, who was present on the island, awaiting favorable winds to sail to Moorea in order to support Pomare II. Tapoa suggested that Pomare Vahine and Teha'apapa I join him in seizing the ship. However, Pomare Vahine refused to involve the government of Huahine and responded to Tapoa I that if he intended to seize the ship, he should do so at Raiatea instead. Tapoa had to abandon the plan and left Huahine for Eimeo. Pomare II reported in his letter that shortly after Tapoa’s departure, Teha'apapa I died on July 25, 1810.
The incident was later published by missionary John Davies in The Sydney Gazette on May 25, 1811. He reports that the Chief Tapoa I had proposed the seizure of the ship Hope to the "old queen", who mainly ran the government. She was the "grandmother" of the rightful queen, aged around twenty years old.
Teha'apapa I was therefore the grandmother of Teriitaria II.

## Genealogy of the Kings of Raiatea by Mare

In a document dated July 16, 1849, genealogist Taitete Mare provided details of the descendants of Tehaapapa I, with "v." denoting "vahine" (female) and "t." denoting "tane" (male):
"Ma'ua took to wife Tetuanuimarama, sister of Tereroa and they had Rohianuu [...] Rohianuu took to wife Teioatua v. and begat Teriitaria. Rohianuu died, and his wife united with Mato, by whom she had Turaiarii, the progenitor of Pomare on the Huahine side. Mato then took another wife Tetuaveroa by whom he had Tenania t. and then Teheiura t., this last being the ancestor of Ariipeu vahine in huahine."
"Tenania took to wife Tohemai and begat Turaiarii v., that's all. Tenania again took to wife Vairaatoa v., and begat Teriia'etua v., that's all."
Concerning the decendance of King Tamatoa III, Mare wrote: "Tamatoa took to wife Turaiarii and begat Teriitaria v., then Teritoiterai v., then Temarii v., then Teriitinorua t., then Teihotua v.".
Mato is identified by Teuira Henry as Mato (Rock) . Temarii, the daughter of Tamatoa III, was better known as Maihara. She governed the island of Huahine with the main chiefs Mahine and Hautia on behalf of her sister Teriitaria II. She died on December 16, 1834, in Huahine at the age of approximately 45, and was married to No, also known as Maitui, as recorded by missionary Charles Barff and his friend Thomas Nightingale.
Mare cited the fourth daughter of King Tamatoa III, Teritoiterai, who had been omitted from missionary John Davies' list dated November 28, 1808. She was the mother of Pomare II's children. While he did not mention Teha'apapa by name, he referred to her as Teioatua. He also noted the name of Tamatoa III's wife, Turaiarii, whom Teuira Henry identifies as Turaiarii Ehevahine. This should not be confused with Turaiarii, daughter of Tenania by his first wife Tohemai, whom Teuira Henry calls Turaiarii Teraimano. Ariipeu vahine was known by her death name, Temarii a Taaroarii, daughter of Taaroaarii and Tematafainuu. She was married to Ariipeu a Hiro, also called Paraupapaa, the brother-in-law of Queen Pomare IV. Mare further suggested that Tereroa, the brother of Ori, whom Georg Forster and his father Johann Reinhold Forster encountered in May 1774, was the uncle of Rohianuu and, by extension, the great-uncle of Teriitaria I. At the time, Ori was between 50 and 60 years old.
According to James Burney, Tereroa was an "Arii," or chief, of Huahine and the elder brother of Ori. He died in a battle against Puni, the chief of Bora-Bora. Puni, who had two wives and three concubines, had previously married Tereroa's sister, but she had died some time earlier.

## Family

vteHuahine family tree :
Tamatoa I (or II)
Rofa'iAri'ima'o
Tamatoa Dynasty of RaiateaMau'a
Rohianu'uTehaapapa I Queen of HuahineMatoTetuaveroa
Teriitaria I King of HuahineTenani'a King of Huahine
Pōmare Dynasty of TahitiTamatoa III, King of RaiateaTura'iari'i EhevahineMahine Tehei'ura King of RaiateaTao'a
Pōmare II King of TahitiTeriʻitoʻoterai TeremoemoeTeriitaria II Queen of HuahineMoeore, Tamatoa IV King of RaiateaTa'aroari'iTematafainuu
Pōmare IV Queen of TahitiPōmare III King of TahitiTehaapapa II Queen of HuahineAriimate Teururai King of HuahineMa'ihara Temari'i
Tamatoa V King of RaiateaPōmare V King of TahitiTeuhe Queen of HuahineTetuamaramaMarama Teururai Prince-Regent of HuahineTamatoa VI King of Raiatea
Teriitevaearai a Mai from the Mai family of Bora BoraTehaapapa III Queen of Huahine :
Notes:
Descending dotted lines denote adoptions.
References
Henry, Teuira; Orsmond, John Muggridge (1928). Ancient Tahiti. Vol. 48. Honolulu: Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum. pp. 247–272. OCLC 3049679.
Newbury, Colin W.; Darling, Adam J. (December 1967). "Te Hau Pahu Rahi: Pomare II and the Concept of Interisland Government in Eastern Polynesia". The Journal of the Polynesian Society. 76 (4). Wellington: The Polynesian Society: 477–514. JSTOR 20704508. OCLC 6015244633.
Teissier, Raoul (1978). "Chefs et notables des Établissements Français de l'Océanie au temps du protectorat: 1842–1850". Bulletin de la Société des Études Océaniennes, Issue 202. Papeete: Société des Études Océaniennes. OCLC 9510786. :