OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 1977 in Germany

Events in the year 1977 in Germany.

## Incumbents

* President – Walter Scheel
* Chancellor – Helmut Schmidt

## Events

* 1 January - the city of Lahn, Hesse is formed out of the cities of Giessen, Wetzlar and 14 other Central Hessian municipalities
* Germany in the Eurovision Song Contest 1977
* 24 June-2 October: documenta 6
* 24 June - 5 July - 27th Berlin International Film Festival
* 5 September-18 October: Kidnapping and murder of Hanns-Martin Schleyer
* 13 October - Lufthansa Flight 181 was hijacked by four members of the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine,
* German Autumn
* East German coffee crisis

## Births

* January 15 - Ronald Zehrfeld, German actor
* February 16 - Thomas Rupprath, German swimmer
* February 22 - Jessica Wahls, German pop singer
* February 22
** Claudia Hiersche, German actress
** Timo Rose, German actor, director, and producer
* March 4 - Daniel Klewer, German footballer
* March 7 - Mitja Zastrow, German-born Dutch swimmer
* April 2 - Michael fassbender, German and Irish actor
* May 2 - Jan Fitschen, German athlete
* May 3 - Nicola Thost, German snowboarder
* May 5 - Jessica Schwarz, German actress
* May 30 - Katharina Slanina, German politician
* July 18 - Martin Kohlmann, German politician
* July 21 - Danny Ecker, German pole vaulter
* August 2 - Florian Stetter, German actor
* August 3 - Kristina Schröder, German politician
* August 29 - Jo Weil, German actor
* October 16 - Björn Otto, German pole vaulter
* November 28 - Claus von Wagner, German comedian and cabaret performer
* December 19 - Samy Deluxe, German singer

## Deaths

* January 6 - Hanns Lilje, Lutheran bishop (born 1899)
* January 18 - Carl Zuckmayer, German writer and playwright (born 1896)
* February 22 - Otto Graf, German actor (born 1896)
* March 4 - Lutz Graf Schwerin von Krosigk, German politician (born 1887)
* April 7 Karl Ritter, German film producer (born 1888)
* April 7 - Siegfried Buback, Attorney General of Germany (born 1920)
* May 5 - Ludwig Erhard, politician (born 1897)
* May 5 - Erich Campe, German boxer (born 1912)
* May 13 — Otto Deßloch, German Luftwaffe general and Knight's Cross recipient (born 1889)
* June 16 - Wernher von Braun, German, later American, aerospace engineer, and space architect (born 1912)
* June 16 - Werner Eggerath, German politician and writer (born 1900)
* June 30 - Paul Hartmann, German actor (born 1889)
* July 30 - Jürgen Ponto, German bankier (born 1923)
* August 4 - Ernst Bloch, German philosopher (born 1885)
* August 28 - Peter Altmeier, politician (born 1899)
* August 29 - Annemarie Steinsieck, actress (born 1889)
* September 3 - Erna Herchenröder, trade unionist and politician (born 1903)
* September 7 - Edgar Basel, German boxer (born 1930)
* October 10 - Lea Grundig, German painter (born 1906)
* October 18 - Hanns Martin Schleyer, business executive and employer and industry representative (born 1915)
* October 26 - Elisabeth Flickenschildt, German actress (born 1905)
* November 2 - Hans Erich Nossack, German writer (born 1901)
* December 22 - Karl John, German actor (born 1905)
# Shiga Museum of Art

Shiga Museum of Art (滋賀県立美術館, Shiga Kenritsu Bijutsukan) opened under the former name Museum of Modern Art, Shiga (滋賀県立近代美術館) in Ōtsu, Shiga Prefecture, Japan in 1984, changing its name to broaden its scope on 1 April 2021. As of 31 March 2024, the collection numbered some 2,589 works, including a Brâncuși Bird in Space, paintings by Rothko and Yukihiko Yasuda, and art brut.
# April Constitution of Poland

The April Constitution of Poland (Polish: Ustawa konstytucyjna 23 IV 1935 or Konstytucja kwietniowa) was the general law passed by the act of the Polish Sejm on 23 April 1935. It established a presidential system in the Second Polish Republic with strong executive powers. The adoption of the constitution did not fully adhere to the procedures outlined in the previous March Constitution of 1921 or the parliamentary rules of procedure, leading to objections from parts of the opposition to the Sanacja government.

## Summary

The act introduced the idea that the state is a common good of all citizens. It adjusted the balance of power by limiting the authority of the Sejm and Senate while strengthening the role of the President of Poland. The President was granted significant executive powers, described as holding "single and indivisible state power," and was stated to be responsible "only to God and history." The government, parliament, armed forces, courts, and oversight bodies were placed under his authority.
The election of the President took place through a special Assembly of Electors, consisting of 80 members, including five of the highest state officials, 50 electors chosen from among members of the Sejm, and 25 from the Senate. The President had the right to propose his own candidate for the office. His term lasted seven years, and he held the power to appoint and dismiss government members, who were accountable both to him and to the parliament. Additionally, the President could dissolve parliament before the end of its term, appoint a third of the senators, the commander-in-chief of the Polish Army, and the General Inspector of the Armed Forces.
He also had the authority to issue decrees and veto legislation passed by the Sejm.
One of the notable provisions of the constitution was the President's right to designate a successor in the event of war, which later served as the legal basis for the continuity of the Polish Government in Exile during and after World War II. The constitution was officially nullified on 22 July 1944 by the Polish Committee of National Liberation through their manifesto, which temporarily reinstated the March Constitution before the adoption of the socialist constitution in 1952. The government-in-exile continued to operate under the April Constitution until December 1990, when it transferred its authority to Lech Walesa following his election as Poland's first noncommunist president in 46 years.
# Family business (disambiguation)

A family business is a company owned and operated by members of one or more families.
Family Business may also refer to:

## Music

* Family Business (2-4 Family album), 1999
* Family Business (Ronnie Penque album), 2019
* A Family Business, a compilation soundtrack album from the TV series Brandy & Ray J: A Family Business, 2011
* The Family Business (album), an album by Jonas Brothers
* "Family Business" (song), by Kanye West from The College Dropout, 2004
* "Family Business", a song by Fish from Vigil in a Wilderness of Mirrors, 1990
* "Family Business", a song by the Fugees from The Score, 1996
* "Family Business", track by Jesper Kyd from the 2018 Indian film Tumbbad

## Television
### Series

* Family Business (American TV series), a 2003–2006 American reality series
* Family Business (British TV series), a 2004 British drama series
* Family Business (French TV series), a 2019 French streaming series
* The Family Business (Australian TV series), a 1989 Australian sitcom
* The Family Business (American TV series), an American crime family drama series that premiered in 2018

### Episodes

* "Family Business" (American Dragon: Jake Long)
* "Family Business" (Burn Notice)
* "Family Business" (Courage the Cowardly Dog)
* The Family Business" (Dexter: New Blood)
* "Family Business" (Law & Order)
* "Family Business" (Once Upon a Time)
* "Family Business" (Star Trek: Deep Space Nine)
* "Family Business" (Yu-Gi-Oh! GX)

## Other media

* Family Business (1986 film), a French comedy film directed by Costa-Gavras
* Family Business (1989 film), an American crime film directed by Sidney Lumet
* Family Business (game), a dedicated deck card game
* Family Business Review, an academic journal
* Family Business (novel), a 1985 novel by Vincent Patrick, basis for the 1989 film
* Family Business, a 2008 chapbook by Judith Arcana
# Pietro Benvenuti

Pietro Benvenuti (8 January 1769 – 3 February 1844) was an Italian neoclassical painter.

## Biography

Born in Arezzo in Tuscany, he was influenced by the style of Jacques-Louis David. He was a student of the Academy of Fine Arts of Florence, then studied in Rome, 1792–1803, where he formed an informal academy with his friend of long standing, Vincenzo Cammuccini, and Luigi Sabatelli. He returned to practice in Arezzo.
With a group of collaborators and students Benvenuti was commissioned in 1811–12 to decorate the new rooms in Palazzo Pitti, where he painted a series of mythologic scenes for the Salon of Hercules on the Greek demigod. Another prestigious commission, from the restored Grand Duke of Tuscany, Leopold II, was to fresco the dome of the Cappella Medicea at the San Lorenzo, depicting eight grand subjects, taken from the Old and the New Testament, the four Prophets and the four Evangelists. Under his guidance, Carlo Lasinio engraved the Luca Giordano frescoes in Palazzo Medici-Riccardi.
He was an associate of the Accademia di Brera, Milan. In 1829, he was elected into the National Academy of Design as an Honorary member.
In 1807 he was recruited to become court painter to Elisa Bonaparte Baciocchi and to direct the Florentine Academy of Fine Arts. He died at Florence, while holding the post of Director. In that position, he had many pupils and students, including Giuseppe Bezzuoli, Gaspero Martellini, Tommaso Gazzarrini, Niccola Cianfanelli, Luigi Mussini, and Giorgio Berti.
He should not be confused with the 16th-century architect Pietro Benvenuto degli Ordini.

## Gallery

* The Death of Priam, 1811
* The Oath of the Saxons, 1812
* Maria Teresa of Austria and Tuscany, 1817
* Leopold II, Grand Duke of Tuscany, 1828
* Christ and the Samaritan, ca. 1807
# Sand, Applecross

Sand is an archaeological site on the Applecross Peninsula in Wester Ross, Scotland.
Sand is the site of a major archaeological excavation on the Inner Sound coast of the Applecross Peninsula in Western Scotland, to the north of the small town of Applecross.
A small number of shell middens were known as rare traces of Mesolithic settlement when a rock shelter and shell midden at Sand, Applecross on the coast of Wester Ross, Scotland, was selected for detailed excavation as part of a study of shell middens in the area around the Inner Sound between the Skye and the mainland.
The Scotland’s First Settlers project (SFS) investigating the relationship of early inhabitants with the western seaboard chose this area which had known sites at An Corran in Staffin, Skye, and at Redpoint and Shieldaig in Torridon. Their surveys in 1999 and 2000 found 104 previously unknown sites, mostly caves and rock shelters with 21 "lithic scatters" and 9 open shell middens. A proportion of these sites will be more recent, but test pits at 4 sites found Loch a Sguirr on Raasay and Sand in Applecross to be Mesolithic. The indication is that there are many more surviving sites than had been expected.
The rock shelter site at Sand on the Applecross peninsula, just to the north of Applecross itself, faces out across the Inner Sound westwards towards Skye and Raasay. Around 7,500 years BCE the first users of the rock shelter had worked antler and stone to make tools. As well as using local stone for their tools they had obtained distinctive stone from the island of Rùm, 30 km (19 mi) to the south, and Staffin on Skye, 10 km (6.2 mi) to the west, showing that they were able to cross open sea.
Gradually a large pile of shells, mainly limpets, built up into a large midden. Abundant fragments of stone "pot-boilers" and bevel ended bone tools indicate that the shellfish were being cooked and the contents scooped out. There were also bones from red deer and birds and an antler harpoon for catching a wide range of fish, including cod, mackerel, haddock, herring and salmon.
Fine beads had been made from seashells, while ochre pigment and a particular species of dog whelk that may have been used for the extraction of purple dye suggest concern with decoration.

## Naval base

There is a British Naval Base at Sand that monitors underwater activity around this part of the west coast. The BUTEC establishment tests marine weapons. Submarines can often be seen in the waters between Applecross Peninsula and Raasay.
# Lichens of Namibia

Lichens are a composite organism consisting of fungi and algae living in symbiotic relationship. They are well adapted to survive in harsh conditions. One of the many places they can be found is the Namib, the desert that gave Namibia its name. Fog in the coastal parts of the desert provides the necessary moisture for the organisms' survival. In the Namib they grow on shrubs, rocks and pebbles of the gravel plains. These small organisms can densely cover large areas, forming lichen fields.
The desert hosts 120 lichen species. Most of them are rare and a significant number of them occur only there. "Many are endemic to this region and others show affinities between the Namib lichen biota and other fog deserts of the world, such as the Atacama in South America and Baja California in Mexico and California".
Besides the Namib Desert, lichens also occur in suitable places elsewhere in Namibia, with at least 232 species recorded from the country as a whole.

## Ecological functions

* Soil stabilizers
* Plant succession
* Bioaccumulators that contribute to nutrient cycling in the forestry of Waterberg biosphere
* Food and habitat for other organisms

## Threats

Lichen vegetation is very vulnerable to pollution and mechanical damage. Lichen fields in the Namib are at risk from off-road driving and mining.
However, the Wlotzkasbaken lichen field north of Swakopmund was considered for protection after an Environmental Impact Assessment was done before the development of a desalination plant serving Trekopje uranium mine. Fourteen kilometers of fencing was erected around the northeastern side of the field to protect them from damage caused by vehicles taking shortcuts through the desert. Signs were set up by the Ministry of Environment and Tourism to announce the site location and vulnerability, including several colorful information boards on lichens. The mine also put up an information stand.
# Jason Bere

Jason Phillip Bere (born May 26, 1971) is an American former professional baseball pitcher and bullpen coach. He played in Major League Baseball for parts of 11 seasons from 1993 to 2003, for the Chicago White Sox, Cincinnati Reds, Milwaukee Brewers, Chicago Cubs, and Cleveland Indians. He was elected to the 1994 MLB All-Star Game, but injuries limited his playing career. Bere was the Indians' bullpen coach from 2015 to 2017.

## Early life

Bere was raised in Wilmington, Massachusetts and attended Wilmington High School and Middlesex Community College. Scouts of the Chicago White Sox saw Bere pitch, and as a result, they selected him in the 36th round of the 1990 Major League Baseball (MLB) Draft.

## Professional career

Bere signed with the White Sox, receiving a $2,000 signing bonus. In 1993, Baseball America rated Bere as the eighth-best prospect in baseball. He made his MLB debut in 1993, pitching to a 12–5 win–loss record and a 3.47 earned run average (ERA). He won his final seven games started, helping the White Sox win the American League (AL) West Division championship. He finished second in AL Rookie of the Year Award voting, behind Tim Salmon. He was elected to represent the AL in the 1994 MLB All-Star Game. He finished the year with a 12–2 win–loss record, leading the AL with a .857 winning percentage.
In 1995, Bere began experiencing tendinitis in the elbow of his throwing arm. He had an 8–15 win–loss record and a 7.19 ERA. He led the AL in losses. His injury necessitated Tommy John surgery, which was performed in September 1996. He returned to the White Sox in August 1997, following the White Flag trade that saw the White Sox trade away pitchers Wilson Álvarez, Roberto Hernández, and Danny Darwin, leaving them in need of more pitchers. Bere later acknowledged he returned to pitching too soon. The White Sox released Bere in 1998, and he signed with the Cincinnati Reds. After the 1999 season, Bere signed with the Milwaukee Brewers.
In July 2000, the Brewers traded Bere, Bob Wickman, and Steve Woodard to the Cleveland Indians for Richie Sexson, Paul Rigdon, Kane Davis, and a player to be named later (Marco Scutaro). He ended the season with a 12–10 record in 31 games started, a career high. A free agent after the 2000 season, Bere signed with the Chicago Cubs for 2001. He had a 1–10 record for the Cubs in 2002, and signed with the Cleveland Indians for the 2003 season. He experienced pain in his right shoulder in 2005, while pitching for the Buffalo Bisons of the Class AAA International League, leading him to retire.

## Coaching career

The Indians named Bere a special assistant in baseball operations in 2006. In January 2015, the Indians chose Bere as their new bullpen coach, succeeding Kevin Cash.
Bere was released by the Indians following the 2017 season.

## Personal life

Bere and his high school sweetheart, Dinelle (née Erwin), were married in November 1994. The couple live in North Andover, Massachusetts, and have two children.
# Three Little Pigs (disambiguation)

The Three Little Pigs is a fairy tale.
Three Little Pigs may also refer to:

## Places in the tale

* Three Little Pigs (islands), three islands in the Wilhelm Archipelago

## Art, entertainment, and media
### Films

* Three Little Pigs (film), the 1933 Walt Disney animated short film
* The 3 L'il Pigs (Les 3 p'tits cochons), a 2007 Quebec French-language comedy film
* 3 Pigs and a Baby, a 2008 American direct-to-DVD comedy film

### Literature

* The True Story of the 3 Little Pigs! (1989), a children's book that parodies "Three Little Pigs"

### Music

* Three Little Pigs – The Remixes, an EP of mixes of the 1992 song
* "Three Little Pigs" (song), a 1992 song by Green Jellÿ
* "Three Little Pigs", a 2024 song by Joyner Lucas, released on his album Not Now I'm Busy
* "Three Little Piggies", a 1969 song by Steve Peregrin Took and Twink, released on Twink's solo album Think Pink

## Other uses

* Three Little Pigs (company), an American charcuterie company founded in 1975
# Keilahn Harris

Keilahn Harris (born January 8, 2001) is an American professional football wide receiver for the Winnipeg Blue Bombers of the Canadian Football League (CFL). He played college football for the Oklahoma Baptist Bison.

## Early life

Harris grew up in Richardson, Texas and attended Lloyd V. Berkner High School. He was an unranked wide receiver recruit and committed to play college football at Oklahoma Baptist.

## College career

During Harris's true freshman season in 2019, he played in 11 games and finished the season with 24 receptions for 376 yards with three touchdowns and four total tackles (three solo stops and one assisted). The 2020 season was canceled due to the COVID-19 pandemic. During the 2021 season, he played in 12 games and finished the season with 92 receptions for 1,084 yards and 16 touchdowns while rushing for 15 yards on four carries and was named to the Don Hansen All-America Team. During the 2022 season, he played in 11 games and finished the season with 80 receptions for 1,050 yards and 7 touchdowns while being named to the All-GAC First Team and the Elite 100 Watch List prior to the season.

## Professional career

Pre-draft measurables :
| Height | Weight | Arm length | Hand span | 40-yard dash | 10-yard split | 20-yard split | 20-yard shuttle | Three-cone drill | Vertical jump | Broad jump |
| 5 ft 9 in (1.75 m) | 183 lb (83 kg) | 30+1⁄2 in (0.77 m) | 9 in (0.23 m) | 4.77 s | 1.63 s | 2.77 s | 4.28 s | 7.00 s | 34 in (0.86 m) | 9 ft 6 in (2.90 m) |
| All values from NFL Combine/Pro Day |||||||||||
On April 29, 2023, Harris was signed to the Atlanta Falcons as an undrafted free agent after going unselected in the 2023 NFL draft. He was released on August 29, 2023. He was resigned to the practice squad on October 11, 2023. He was placed on the injured list on October 19, 2023. He was later released on October 28, 2023.
On January 17, 2024, Harris signed a reserve/futures contract with the Pittsburgh Steelers. He was waived on May 21, 2024 with an injury designation, but was reverted to an injured reserve the next day. He was waived again on May 28, 2024.
Harris signed with the Winnipeg Blue Bombers of the Canadian Football League on November 22, 2024.
# Savvy

Savvy may refer to:

## Arts and entertainment

* Savvy (novel), a 2008 children's fantasy novel by Ingrid Law
* Savvy Records, a defunct American record label
* Savvy, of the American pop duo Savvy & Mandy
* Savvy, an American pop group whose members appear in the sitcom The Wannabes
* Savvy Games Group, a Saudi video game investment company

## Products and companies

* Savvy Vodka, a brand of vodka
* Proton Savvy, a supermini car
* Savvy, a computer language for programming the RB5X and other robots

## People

* Charles M. Cooke Jr. (1886–1970), nicknamed "Savvy", United States Navy admiral
* Charles Read (naval officer) (1840–1890), nicknamed "Savvy", United States Navy and Confederate States Navy officer
* Souvik Gupta (born 1983), nicknamed "Savvy", Indian musician, singer and composer
# Hadi Oshtorak

Hadi Oshtorak (Persian: هادی اشترک, born 29 June 1992) is an Iranian kabaddi player that represents Iran in international matches and also currently plays for Gujarat Giants in the Indian Pro Kabaddi League. He is regarded as one of the finest all rounders in the Pro Kabaddi League scoring over 50 points.

## Career

He was part of the Iranian squad for the 2018 Asian Games and also played a crucial role in winning historic gold medal in the men's kabaddi team event. He was also a member of the Iranian team which claimed silver medal at the 2014 Asian Games and was also a key member of the national team which emerged as runners-up to India at the 2016 Kabaddi World Cup.

### Pro Kabaddi League

He made his PKL debut for Telugu Titans in season two of the Pro Kabaddi League in 2015. He was then bought by the Patna Pirates for the season three and was part of the Patna Pirates squad which emerged as winners of the 2016 Pro Kabaddi League season. Hadi later signed with U Mumba in 2017 for the fifth season and again returned to Patna Pirates team for the sixth season in 2018.
# Lazo (musician)

Lazo (né Lazarus J. Finn) is a reggae musician from Castle Bruce, Dominica. He immigrated to Canada in 1979 and holds a degree in political science from the University of Toronto.

## Music career

Lazo began his music career at the age of 15 with a band called Black Blood, whose debut album charted #2 and received extensive airplay in the Caribbean. Soon after immigrating to Canada, Lazo formed his own band, Unity, releasing a recording in 1990.
In 2010, Lazo sang with Bob Marley and the Wailers on their US and South American tours.

## Awards

Lazo has been named the Top Reggae Performer of the Year by the Canadian Reggae Music Awards and in 2000 his release Heart and Soul won the Juno for Best Reggae Recording.