OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Hérard Dumesle

Hérard Dumesle (16 June 1784 – 22 June 1858) was a Haitian poet and politician.

## Politics

Dumesle, a mulatto, opposed the government of Jean-Pierre Boyer and formed a group of like-minded young mulattoes called the Society for the Rights of Man and of the Citizen. Dumesle's cousin, Charles Rivière-Hérard, led the Revolution of 1843 which forced President Boyer to flee the country. Rivière-Hérard then succeeded Boyer as President of Haiti. Dumesle served as president of the Constituent Assembly and later as a Minister during his cousin's rule. After an 1844 coup d'état, both Dumesle and Rivière-Hérard were forced into exile. They settled in Jamaica and remained there for the rest of their lives.

## Works

As a poet, Dumesle's most remembered work is the historical Macanda. He is also known for composing a poem in honor of Jonathas Granville, the director of the Lycee of Port-au-Prince: "Dithyrambe élégiaque sur la mort de Jonathas Granville."
# Surabhi Vani Devi

Surabhi Vani Devi (born 1 April 1952) is an Indian politician, academic and artist. She is the daughter of P. V. Narasimha Rao, former Prime Minister of India. She was elected as MLC in Telangana Legislative Council election from Mahbubnagar–Rangareddy–Hyderabad Graduates constituency in March 2021.

## Early life

Vani Devi was born to former Prime Minister of India, P. V. Narasimha Rao on 1 April 1952 in Vangara village of then Karimnagar district in Telangana, India. She did her schooling from HSC from Govt. Girls High School, Hyderguda, B.A. from Osmania University and Diploma in Fine Arts from JNTU. She served as a lecturer in JNTU between 1990 and 1995.

## Academic activities

Vani Devi is an artist, educationist, social activist past 35 years, founder-principal of the Sri Venkateshwara Group of Institutions. She established Surabhi Educational Society, Sri Venkateshwara College of Fine Arts In the year 1991.

## As an artist

She is an artist, her favorite subject is Nature and medium is Water Colors and Acrylics. She has held more than 15 solo exhibitions, several group shows, seminars, talks in India and abroad since 1973.

## Awards

* Awarded International Women’s Achievement Award by Telangana State Government in 2016.
* Awarded Pratibha Puraskar award by Potti Sreeramulu Telugu University.
# Lipka, Lower Silesian Voivodeship

Lipka is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Dziadowa Kłoda, within Oleśnica County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. It lies approximately 7 km (4 mi) south-west of Dziadowa Kłoda, 18 km (11 mi) east of Oleśnica, and 43 km (27 mi) east of the regional capital Wrocław.
# Stefán Haukur Jóhannesson

Stefán Haukur Jóhannesson (born 4 January 1959 in the Westman Islands, Iceland) is an Icelandic diplomat. He has been the Ambassador of Iceland to Japan since April 2021. He was previously the Ambassador to the United Kingdom from November 2017 to November 2020.

## Career

Jóhannesson has been a civil servant since 1985. From 2001 to 2005, he was the Ambassador of Iceland to the UN in Geneva, and concurrently from 2002 to 2005, the Ambassador of Iceland to Slovenia. From 2005 to 2010, Jóhannesson was the Ambassador to the Netherlands, Luxembourg, Morocco, Switzerland and the EU.
Between 2009 and 2013, Jóhannesson was the Chief Negotiator in Iceland's accession talks with the European Union. The talks were later abandoned.
Jóhannesson was made the Ambassador to the United Kingdom in November 2017. He presented his Letters of Credence to Queen Elizabeth II on 14 December 2017. In November 2020, he was replaced by Sturla Sigurjónsson.
Jóhannesson was already in August 2020 appointed the Ambassador to Japan and originally would take the post at the turn of the year between 2020 and 2021. He presented his letter of credence to Emperor Naruhito on 8 April 2021.

## Personal life

Jóhannesson is married to Halldóra Hermannsdóttir and they have three children, including Einar Stefánsson, musician from Vök and Hatari. He has a law degree from the University of Iceland.
# Dawn N. Ison

Dawn Noelle Ison (born 1963) is an American lawyer who is the United States attorney for the Eastern District of Michigan.

## Education

Ison earned a Bachelor of Arts from Spelman College in 1986 and a Juris Doctor from the Wayne State University Law School in 1989.

## Career

In 1989 and 1990, Ison was a prehearing attorney for the Michigan Court of Appeals. In 2002, Ison began serving as an assistant United States attorney in the United States Attorney's Office for the Eastern District of Michigan. She also served as chief of the Drug Enforcement Task Force Unit.

### United States attorney for the Eastern District of Michigan

On November 12, 2021, President Biden nominated Ison to be the United States Attorney for the Eastern District of Michigan. She was reported out favorably by the Senate Judiciary Committee on December 9, 2021, and was confirmed by the Senate on December 14, 2021. She was sworn into office on December 21, 2021.
On January 19, 2025, Ison resigned.
# Ariranga Pillay

Ariranga Govindasamy Pillay (Tamil: அரி ரங்க கோவிந்தசாமி பிள்ளை; born 14 June 1945) was the chief justice of Mauritius from 1996 until 2007, when he was succeeded by Y. K. J. Yeung Sik Yuen.

## Early life

He studied Economics and Political Science at the London School of Economics and Political Science from 1966 to 1969, gaining a B.Sc (Econ) degree, after which he studied law at Merton College, Oxford, graduating in 1971 with a B.A in Jurisprudence. He was called to the bar at Lincoln's Inn, London in 1972. On his return to Mauritius he practised law and worked as a legal adviser to the Attorney General's Office and Ministry of Justice in Mauritius until 1987. He held numerous appointments, among others Principal Crown Counsel, Assistant Solicitor General and Parliamentary Counsel at the Attorney General's office and Ministry of Justice.
He was appointed Puisne Judge and later, Acting Senior Puisne Judge of the Supreme Court of Mauritius from 1987 to 1996. On 1 May 1996 he was appointed the Chief Justice of Mauritius, retiring on 13 June 2007. In November 2001, he was elected as an Honorary Bencher of Lincoln's Inn.
After the resignation of Angidi Chettiar he became acting President of Mauritius from 18 February 2002 until 25 February 2002, when Karl Offmann was elected to this office.
He is the Chairman of the Judicial and Legal Service Commission of Mauritius. He is also a member of the United Nations Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights since 1997 as well as the appointed Adviser to the Governing Council of the African Centre for Democracy and Human Rights Studies.
# Darkness (disambiguation)

Darkness is the absence of light.
Darkness or The Darkness may also refer to:

## Film and television
### Characters and concepts

* Darkness, a character from the film Legend (1985)
* The Darkness, a name for one of the man-eating lions in The Ghost and the Darkness (1996), a historical adventure film
* The Darkness, the source of destruction of Wonderland in the animated film Wonder Park
* The Darkness (Supernatural), known as Amara in human form, a dark evil in the eleventh season of Supernatural

### Film

* Darkness (1916 film), an Italian silent film
* Darkness (1923 film), a British silent crime film
* Darkness (1993 film), an American independent horror film
* Darkness (2002 film), an English-language horror film
* Darkness, a 2009 Czech film directed by Juraj Herz
* Darkness (2015 film), a Serbian film
* The Darkness (2016 American film), a supernatural horror film directed by Greg McLean
* The Darkness (2016 Mexican film), a horror thriller film directed by Daniel Castro Zimbrón
* Darkness (2019 film), an Italian drama film

### Television

* "Darkness" (Der Pass), a 2019 episode
* "Darkness" (The Secret Circle), a 2012 episode
* "Darkness" (Stargate Universe), a 2009 episode
* The Darkness (TV series), a 2024 Icelandic mystery series directed by Lasse Hallström, based on the novel by Ragnar Jónasson

## Literature

* "Darkness" (poem), a poem by Lord Byron
* Darkness (short stories), a collection of stories by Bharati Mukherjee
* Darkness (novel), by John Saul, 1991
* The Darkness (novel), a 2000 novel by Anthony Eaton
* "The Darkness", a short story by David Drake
* The Darkness Series, a novel series by Harry Turtledove
* Darknesses, a novel in The Corean Chronicles by L. E. Modesitt, Jr.
* Darkness (KonoSuba), a character in the light novel series KonoSuba
* The Darkness (2018; translation of Dimma, 2015), a novel by Ragnar Jónasson in the Hidden Iceland series

## Music

* The Darkness (band), a British rock band
* The Darkness (Twiztid album), 2015
* The Darkness (Dawn of Solace album), 2006
* Darkness, a German Eurodance act featuring Nana
* "Darkness" (Aerosmith song)
* "Darkness" (Darren Hayes song)
* "Darkness" (Eminem song)
* "Darkness" (Peter Gabriel song)
* "Darkness", a song by Black Uhuru from Chill Out
* "Darkness", a song by Disturbed from Believe
* "Darkness", a song by Lamb from Between Darkness and Wonder
* "Darkness", a song by Leonard Cohen from Old Ideas
* "Darkness", a song by Rage Against the Machine from The Crow film soundtrack
* "Darkness", a song by SPF 1000 used in the animated TV series The Grim Adventures of Billy & Mandy
* "Darkness", a song by Third Eye Blind from Blue
* "Darkness", a song by The Police from Ghost in the Machine
* "Darkness", a song by The Human League from Dare
* "Darkness", a song by Jolin Tsai from Magic
* "The Darkness", a song by the Cat Empire from So Many Nights

## Other uses

* The Darkness (character), an Image Comics character and series
* The Darkness (video game), a video game based on the comics
* The Darkness II, video game and sequel to The Darkness
* Darkness, a horse that ran in the 2009 Grand National
# Mount Marapi

The Marapi (Jawi: ماراڤي), or Mount Marapi (Indonesian: Gunung Marapi, Minangkabau: Gunuang Marapi, Jawi: ڬونوواڠ ماراڤي), is a complex volcano in West Sumatra, Indonesia, and is the most active volcano in Sumatra. Like that of its quasi-homonym on Java, its name means "Mountain of Fire". Its elevation is 2,885 metres (9,465.2 ft). Several cities and towns are situated around the mountain including Bukittinggi, Padang Panjang, and Batusangkar. The volcano is also popular among hikers.

## Mythology

According to legend, the mountain is the site first settled by the Minangkabau people after their ship landed on the mountain when it was the size of an egg and surrounded by water. There are large numbers of upright burial stones in the region which are oriented in the direction of the mountain, indicating its cultural significance.

## Eruptions

The volcano has a known history of eruptions. Marapi underwent a significant eruption in September 1830. In January 1975 an eruption occurred with mudflows and lahars that caused fatalities in the surrounding area. A significant eruption occurred in 1979, which killed 60 people. At least one person was killed during an eruption in 1996. In April–May 2018 ashfalls to the southeast occurred.
Since 2011, the volcano has been at the second level of a four-tier alert system set up by the Volcanological Survey of Indonesia. Predicting the volcano's behavior is described as difficult as the source of its sudden eruptions are shallow and near its peak, while its eruptions are not caused by a deep movement of magma that can be detected as volcanic earthquakes on seismic monitors. Nevertheless, there are about 1,400 people living on its slopes in the villages of Rubai and Gobah Cumantiang, about 5 to 6 kilometers from the summit.

### 2023 eruption

On 3 December 2023, the volcano erupted, leaving 23 climbers dead. Three people were injured and rescued. The ash reached to a height of 3,000 metres (9,800 ft) and fell in nearby regions. A three-kilometre (1.9-mile) exclusion zone was announced.
On 22 December, the volcano erupted again, emitting volcanic ash that forced the cancellation of flights at Minangkabau International Airport.
As of January 2024, at least 113 eruptions have occurred on Marapi since its initial activity in December, with the latest eruption occurring on 23 January. Ash has risen at least 1300 meters into the air and residents within a radius of 4.5 kilometers have been urged to evacuate their homes.
At 12:13 a.m. local time on 27 March, Marapi erupted again, emitting a volcanic ash column with a height of 1.5 kilometers. Flights at Minangkabau International Airport were cancelled again due to the eruption.

### 2025 eruption

At 9:43 a.m. local time on 04 January, Marapi erupted, emitting a volcanic ash column with a height of 1 kilometers.

## Lahar flows

On 11 May 2024, heavy rain triggered mudslides and lahar flows from the volcano, killing at least 67 people and leaving 20 others missing.
# Tambourin

The tambourin (Occitan: tamborin) is a low-pitched tenor drum of the French region of Provence, which has also lent its name to a Provençal dance accompanied by lively duple meter music. The dance is so named because the music imitates the drum (tambour being a generic French term for "drum"), usually as a repetitive not-very-melodic figure in the bass.

## Description

A deep, two-headed drum of Arabic origin, called the tambourin [de Provence], is mentioned as early as the 1080s and noted as the "tabor" in the Chanson de Roland. This type of instrument, commonly found in the Provence region of France, is played by a musician who wears the drum on a strap hanging from the player's left arm and elbow. The player strikes the drum head with a beater held in the right hand, and plays a little pipe with their left hand. The combination of the tambourin, played together with a small flute, known as the galoubet or flaviol, forms a Provençal pipe and tabor.

## Dance

Jean-Philippe Rameau included tambourins in many of his operas, such as Platée, Les Indes galantes, and Les fêtes d'Hébé. The last gained more fame in a keyboard arrangement from the E minor suite of his Pièces de Clavecin. The tambourin was popular throughout the 18th century and can be found in Handel's Alcina and Gluck's Iphigénie en Aulide, among others.

## Gallery

* Modern tambourin players in 2023
* Early 1800s tambourin in color
# Spanish Sign Language

Spanish Sign Language (Spanish: Lengua de Signos Española, LSE) is a sign language used mainly by deaf people in Spain and the people who live with them. Although there are not many reliable statistics, it is estimated that there are over 100,000 speakers, 20-30% of whom use it as a second language.
From a strictly linguistic point of view, Spanish Sign Language refers to a sign language variety employed in an extensive central-interior area of the Iberian Peninsula, having Madrid as a cultural and linguistic epicenter, with other varieties used in regions such as Asturias, Aragon, Murcia, parts of western Andalusia and near the Province of Burgos.
Mutual intelligibility with the rest of the sign languages used in Spain is generally high due to a highly shared lexicon. However, Catalan Sign Language, Valencian Sign Language as well as the Spanish Sign Language dialects used in eastern Andalusia, Canary Islands, Galicia and Basque Country are the most distinctive lexically (between 10 and 30% difference in the use of nouns, depending on the case). Only the Catalan and Valencian Sign Languages share less than 75% of their vocabulary with the rest of the Spanish dialects, which makes them particularly marked, distinct dialects or even languages separate from Spanish Sign Language, depending on the methods used to determine language versus dialect. Some linguists consider both these and the Spanish Sign language three variants of a polymorphic sign language.
# Tony Tuddenham

Anthony Richard Tuddenham (born 28 September 1956) is an English former professional footballer who played in the Football League as a defender. Born in Reepham, Norfolk, Tuddenham began his youth career at West Ham United and played in the 1975 FA Youth Cup Final against Ipswich Town. He did not make a senior league appearance for the club, moving on shortly afterwards to Cambridge United, for whom he played 12 times over the next two seasons, scoring twice. In 1977, he moved into non-league football with Cambridge City.
He then worked for Norwich Union and now lives in Fakenham.
# Krasków, Lower Silesian Voivodeship

Krasków is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Marcinowice, within Świdnica County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. It lies approximately 14 km (9 mi) north-east of Świdnica, and 40 km (25 mi) south-west of the regional capital Wrocław.

## Etymology

The name of the village is of Polish origin and comes from the word kraska, which means "roller".

## Sights

Krasków is the site of a Baroque palace, built by the Bohemian Zedlitz-Leipe noble family in 1746, allegedly according to plans by Joseph Emanuel Fischer von Erlach. Situated in a park laid out by Peter Joseph Lenné in 1848 it today serves as a hotel.
# Boku no Natsuyasumi 2

Boku no Natsuyasumi 2: Umi no Bouken-hen is an adventure video game developed by Millennium Kitchen and published by Sony Computer Entertainment for the PlayStation 2. It is part of the Boku no Natsuyasumi series and was released only in Japan on July 11, 2002. It is an alternate universe sequel in which the main character spends his summer in a different part of Japan from the first game. It takes place during the same summer with many of the same characters, but in a different location, a town on Japan's southern coast. A PlayStation Portable version was released on June 24, 2010, and a fan translation of the PlayStation 2 game into English was released on November 1, 2023.

## Description

The main character spends his summer vacation at his aunt and uncle's bed and breakfast in a southern Japanese coastal town. Features from the first game, like collecting and bug battles, return, along with new facets, like swimming. The player controls the main character for the thirty-one days of August 1975.

## Reception

On release, Famitsu magazine scored the game a 33 out of 40. The game was a jury recommended title at the 6th Japan Media Arts Festival in 2002.
# Maurice H. Kornberg School of Dentistry

Maurice H. Kornberg School of Dentistry (commonly referred to as Kornberg School of Dentistry) is the dental school of Temple University, located in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States. It is one of several dental schools in the state of Pennsylvania. The average incoming class is 140 students.

## History

Maurice H. Kornberg School of Dentistry was established in 1863 as Philadelphia Dental College and is the second-oldest continually functioning dental school in the country. The school became part of Temple University in 1907. The Philadelphia Dental College changed its name to the Temple University School of Dentistry in 1913. In 1947, the school moved from Hamilton Street to Broad and Allegheny Streets. The school's name was changed in December 2006 after a $10 million donation by the estate of Maurice H. Kornberg.
The school, still located at Broad and Allegheny Streets in North Philadelphia, is known for its clinical experience as well as community involvement. Kornberg has completed extensive renovations to the school that include a new Orthodontics department as well as a new Pediatrics department and entire restorative department. This is all due to the aggressive expansion efforts of the dean, Dr. Amid Ismail with support from the school's Board of Visitors and Alumni.

## Academics

Maurice H. Kornberg School of Dentistry awards Doctor of Dental Medicine degrees.
The school also allows students to earn both Doctor of Dental Medicine and Master of Business Administration degrees in four or five years through a special program.

## Departments

Maurice H. Kornberg School of Dentistry includes the following departments:
* Dental Public Health Sciences
* Endodontics
* Oral Maxillofacial Pathology Medicine and Surgery
* Orthodontics
* Pediatric Dentistry
* Periodontology and Oral Implantology
* Restorative Dentistry
* Oral Health Sciences

## Accreditation

Maurice H. Kornberg School of Dentistry is currently accredited by the American Dental Association.

## Alumni

* Duff Post, served as mayor of Tampa, Florida
* Alice Harvie Duden (1873–1926), first woman lecturer at the Indiana Dental College
* Auguste Charles Valadier (1873-1931), pioneering dental surgeon during WWI
# Black Reel Award for Outstanding Lead Performance

This article lists the winners and nominees for the Black Reel Award for Outstanding Lead Performance. The award recognizes an actor or actress who delivers an outstanding performance in a leading role within the given eligible period.
The award was first presented at the 24th Annual Black Reel Awards as a result of a merger between the Outstanding Actor and Outstanding Actress awards into a single gender-neutral award, with a total of ten nominees being selected. Jeffrey Wright is the inaugural winner for his performance in American Fiction, for which he was also nominated at the Academy Awards.

## Winners and nominees
### 2020s

| Year | Actor | Role(s) | Film |
| 2024 |
| 2024 | Jeffrey Wright | Thelonious "Monk" Ellison | American Fiction |
| 2024 | Fantasia Barrino | Celie Harris-Johnson | The Color Purple |
| 2024 | John Boyega | Fontaine / Tyrone | They Cloned Tyrone |
| 2024 | Colman Domingo | Bayard Rustin | Rustin |
| 2024 | Aunjanue Ellis-Taylor | Isabel Wilkerson | Origin |
| 2024 | Jamie Foxx | Willie E. Gary | The Burial |
| 2024 | Kelvin Harrison Jr. | Chevalier de Saint-Georges | Chevalier |
| 2024 | Michael B. Jordan | Adonis Creed | Creed III |
| 2024 | Teyana Taylor | Inez de la Paz | A Thousand and One |
| 2024 | Sophie Wilde | Mia | Talk to Me |
| 2025 |
| 2025 | Marianne Jean-Baptiste | Pansy Deacon | Hard Truths |
| 2025 | Naomi Ackie | Frida | Blink Twice |
| 2025 | Ryan Destiny | Claressa Shields | The Fire Inside |
| 2025 | Colman Domingo | John "Divine G" Whitfield | Sing Sing |
| 2025 | Cynthia Erivo | Elphaba Thropp | Wicked |
| 2025 | André Holland | Tarrell | Exhibiting Forgiveness |
| 2025 | Regina King | Shirley Chisholm | Shirley |
| 2025 | John David Washington | Boy Willie | The Piano Lesson |
| 2025 | Kerry Washington | Charity Adams | The Six Triple Eight |
| 2025 | Zendaya | Tashi Duncan | Challengers |

## Multiple nominations
### 2 nominations

* Colman Domingo

## Age superlatives

| Record | Actor | Film | Age (in years) |
| Oldest winner | Jeffrey Wright | American Fiction | 58 |
| Oldest nominee | Jeffrey Wright | American Fiction | 58 |
| Youngest winner | Marianne Jean-Baptiste | Hard Truths | 57 |
| Youngest nominee | Sophie Wilde | Talk to Me | 25 |