OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# John Butler, 6th Earl of Ormond

John Butler, 6th Earl of Ormond (died 14 December 1476) was considered one of the first gentlemen of the age in which he lived. He was an ambassador to the most important courts of Europe.

## Family

John Butler, 6th Earl of Ormond was the second son of James Butler, 4th Earl of Ormond, by his first wife, Joan de Beauchamp (d. 3 or 5 August 1430). He had an elder brother, James Butler, 5th Earl of Ormond, and a younger brother, Thomas Butler, 7th Earl of Ormond, as well as two sisters, Elizabeth Butler, who married John Talbot, 2nd Earl of Shrewsbury, and Anne Butler (d. 4 January 1435), who was contracted to marry Thomas FitzGerald, 7th Earl of Desmond, although the marriage appears not to have taken place.

## Career
### War of the Roses

A supporter of the Lancastrian cause, he was present at the Battle of Towton in 1461 where his elder brother was killed. He succeeded his brother to the title, but was forced to go on the run after this heavy defeat. Taking shelter in either Cumbria or Scotland he then crossed over to Ireland where there was still considerable support for his cause in Tipperary and Kilkenny. After raising a force amongst them he was confronted by the pro-Yorkist head of the Dublin government, Thomas Fitzgerald, Earl of Desmond. The two clashed at the Battle of Piltown in 1462, which ended in a decisive Yorkist victory. Ormond's army suffered over a thousand casualties.
He was subsequently restored to the earldom by Edward IV after having been attainted for his part in the battle of Towton. Edward IV is reported to have said that "if good breeding and liberal qualities were lost in the world, they might be all found in the Earl of Ormond". He was a complete master of the languages of Europe, and was sent as ambassador to its principal courts.

## Marriage and children

Ellis says that 'according to family tradition, Ormond died unmarried in the Holy Land, on pilgrimage, before 15 June 1477, possibly on 14 December 1476'. By his mistress Reynalda O'Brien, daughter of Turlogh "The Brown" O'Brien, King of Thomond, he had three illegitimate sons:
* Sir James Ormond (1462–1497). Heir designate to the Earldom of Ormonde, murdered by the illegitimate Piers "Black Sheep" Butler.
* John Ormond (1462 – 5 October 1503), who married the heiress Joan Chaworth (d.1507), by whom he had three daughters.
* Edward Ormond, (b.1450)
He was succeeded by his younger brother, Thomas Butler, 7th Earl of Ormond.
# Kasson Crooker

Kasson Crooker is an American electronic musician, a composer, and the artist behind Symbion Project, his solo moniker. His past bands are Freezepop, Splashdown, Larkspur, and Sirensong. DJ HMX, Komputer Kontroller, and Cosmonaut Zero were alias bands of Crooker used only for the videogames FreQuency and Amplitude.

## Music career

In 1999, Crooker formed the synthpop group Freezepop with Liz Enthusiasm and Sean T. Drinkwater. While in the band he went by various aliases, starting as The Duke of Candied Apples, then briefly being known as The Duke of Belgian Waffles, and finally The Duke of Pannenkoeken. In September 2009, Kasson retired from Freezepop to focus his efforts on his work at Harmonix. He has made several guest appearances at Freezepop concerts since then, often also playing a Symbion Project set.
His main solo project is Symbion Project, with seven releases: Red (1998), Immortal Game (2003), Wound Up by God or the Devil (2006), Misery in Soliloquy (2009), Contrapasso (2011), Arcadian (2016), and Saturnine (2022). Several of his songs are featured in Johannes Grenzfurthner's films Die Gstettensaga: The Rise of Echsenfriedl, Traceroute and Glossary of Broken Dreams.
His other former bands include the dreampop band Sirensong and the more well-known Splashdown, whose albums include Stars and Garters, Halfworld (EP), Redshift (EP), and the unreleased full-length albums Blueshift (which was completed but never released by Capitol Records) and Possibilities (an album of remixes and demos).
In April 2017, Crooker teamed with Micah Knapp and Avielle Heath to create a 360 Virtual Reality music video for a single off of "Arcadian".

## Video game development

Crooker was also a project director at video game developer Harmonix and was the project lead on Phase, Rock Band 2, Dance Central, and Dance Central 2 for Kinect/Xbox360. The music of Symbion Project and Freezepop has been featured in the Harmonix PlayStation 2 games FreQuency, Amplitude, the Karaoke Revolution series, Guitar Hero, Guitar Hero 2, Phase, Rock Band; the InCog-developed Downhill Domination; and one of the North American Dance Dance Revolution games developed by Konami, which publishes Karaoke Revolution. He and Eric Brosius took home the 2006 Game Developers Choice Award for Best Audio for their work on Guitar Hero.
# Tribal Rage

Tribal Rage is a real-time strategy game developed by Disintegrator for Microsoft Windows, released in 1998. It was published by TalonSoft in the USA and by Empire Interactive in Europe. The game was met with low to mediocre reviews.

## Plot

The game is set in California, Earth in the year 2030. War, famine and plague have forced the populace into six different tribes, each fighting for control of the post-apocalyptic wastelands that remain.

## Gameplay

The game features six playable tribes:
* Bikers
* Cyborgs
* Enforcers
* Amazons
* Death Cultists
* Trailer Trash
It is also possible for the player to design their own warriors, scenarios and vehicles using the in-game editor.
Like many RTS games, players use the mouse to play and interact with the game. Keyboard hotkeys can also be used to aid in performing actions. Players must construct their base and collect resources in order to fund the creation of units, which are then used in battle. The object of the game is to defeat the opposition by destroying their base and units.
# Eupatorium formosanum

Eupatorium formosanum is a plant species in the family Asteraceae. It is found in Taiwan and the Ryukyu Islands of Japan. It is a perennial herb growing to approximately 2 m (7 ft) in height.
# Ampelita niarae

Ampelita niarae is a species of tropical air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Acavidae.

## Distribution

This species is endemic to Madagascar.
# Procecidochares utilis

Procecidochares utilis is a species of tephritid or fruit flies in the genus Procecidochares of the family Tephritidae.

## Distribution

Mexico. Introduced Australia, New Zealand, Hawaii, South Africa, India, China.
# Kirsi Kunnas

Kirsi Marjatta Kunnas (14 December 1924 – 8 November 2021) was a Finnish poet, children's literature author and translator into Finnish. Her oeuvre consists of poems, fairy tale books, drama, translations (e.g. Lewis Carroll, Federico García Lorca) and non-fiction. Her books have been translated into Swedish, English, German, French, Hungarian, Estonian and Polish. She received several awards in Finland for her literary work.

## Personal life

Her parents were visual artists Väinö and Sylvi Kunnas. Her father died from pneumonia when she was four. Her mother then married art critic Einari Vehmas.
Kunnas married author Jaakko Syrjä in 1957. Their sons are singer/songwriter Martti Syrjä and guitarist Mikko Syrjä of Eppu Normaali.
Kunnas died in her sleep at her home in Ylöjärvi on 8 November 2021, at the age of 96. Her widower Jaakko Syrjä died six months later on 22 May 2022 from COVID-19, also at the age of 96.
# Spinwam Tehsil

Spinwam Tehsil is a subdivision located in North Waziristan District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The population is 46,183 according to the 2017 census.
# Laurence Bond

Laurence Temple Bond (31 December 1905 – 1 December 1943) was a British athlete who competed at the 1928 Summer Olympics.

## Biography

At the 1928 Olympic Games in Amsterdam, Bond competed in the men's pole vault, finishing 10th and just failing to reach the final.
Bond competed in the pole vault at the 1930 British Empire Games for England. At the time of the 1930 Games, he was a medical student at the University of Cambridge.
Bond finished third behind Henry Lindblad in the pole vault event at the 1931 AAA Championships, by which time he had become a doctor.
Bond finished third behind Danilo Innocenti in the pole vault event at the 1933 AAA Championships.
# Ba Đồn

Ba Đồn is a town (thị xã) in Quảng Bình Province, Vietnam. The town is equal to a huyện and is located on National Route 1, about 40 km north of the provincial capital, Đồng Hới. The township is the commercial and service centre serving surrounding rural areas. Ba Đồn was incorporated into a 3rd municipality (town or thị xã) including some neighboring communes of Quảng Trạch District on December 20, 2013.
Ba Đồn has an area of 163.1828 km$^2$ and its population in 2013 was 115,196. In 2012, Ba Đồn was recognised as a class IV municipality.

## Geography

Ba Don Town includes 6 urban wards (phường):
* Ba Đồn
* Quảng Thọ
* Quảng Long
* Quảng Thuận
* Quảng Phong
* Quảng Phúc
10 rural communes (xã):
* Quảng Minh
* Quảng Sơn
* Quảng Thủy
* Quảng Hòa
* Quảng Lộc
* Quảng Văn
* Quảng Tân
* Quảng Trung
* Quảng Tiên
* Quảng Hải

## Climate

Climate data for Ba Đồn :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 34.7 (94.5) | 36.0 (96.8) | 39.5 (103.1) | 43.2 (109.8) | 41.4 (106.5) | 40.2 (104.4) | 40.6 (105.1) | 39.7 (103.5) | 39.0 (102.2) | 35.3 (95.5) | 34.7 (94.5) | 32.5 (90.5) | 43.2 (109.8) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 21.6 (70.9) | 22.4 (72.3) | 25.0 (77.0) | 29.1 (84.4) | 32.6 (90.7) | 34.2 (93.6) | 34.2 (93.6) | 33.3 (91.9) | 31.1 (88.0) | 28.3 (82.9) | 25.4 (77.7) | 22.5 (72.5) | 28.3 (82.9) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 18.6 (65.5) | 19.5 (67.1) | 21.7 (71.1) | 24.9 (76.8) | 28.0 (82.4) | 29.8 (85.6) | 29.7 (85.5) | 28.9 (84.0) | 27.2 (81.0) | 25.0 (77.0) | 22.3 (72.1) | 19.5 (67.1) | 24.6 (76.3) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 16.6 (61.9) | 17.7 (63.9) | 19.7 (67.5) | 22.6 (72.7) | 25.0 (77.0) | 26.5 (79.7) | 26.5 (79.7) | 25.9 (78.6) | 24.6 (76.3) | 22.7 (72.9) | 20.2 (68.4) | 17.4 (63.3) | 22.1 (71.8) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 6.1 (43.0) | 9.1 (48.4) | 7.8 (46.0) | 13.4 (56.1) | 18.1 (64.6) | 20.4 (68.7) | 21.7 (71.1) | 21.3 (70.3) | 18.0 (64.4) | 16.0 (60.8) | 9.1 (48.4) | 7.6 (45.7) | 6.1 (43.0) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 51.9 (2.04) | 33.5 (1.32) | 38.6 (1.52) | 51.2 (2.02) | 111.1 (4.37) | 89.0 (3.50) | 88.7 (3.49) | 172.5 (6.79) | 420.0 (16.54) | 605.6 (23.84) | 257.4 (10.13) | 97.7 (3.85) | 2,009.4 (79.11) |
| Average rainy days | 11.1 | 10.8 | 10.8 | 8.1 | 9.7 | 7.0 | 7.3 | 10.6 | 15.2 | 18.2 | 15.9 | 12.8 | 138.9 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 88.5 | 89.6 | 89.1 | 87.0 | 81.4 | 74.8 | 73.4 | 77.8 | 84.9 | 87.2 | 86.8 | 86.9 | 83.9 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 88.0 | 74.7 | 103.2 | 158.8 | 222.7 | 218.2 | 230.4 | 197.0 | 158.3 | 129.4 | 98.3 | 76.7 | 1,759.7 |
| Source: Vietnam Institute for Building Science and Technology ||||||||||||||
# AB language

In English philology, AB language is a variety of Middle English found in the Corpus manuscript, containing Ancrene Wisse (whence 'A'), and in MS Bodley 34 in Bodleian Library, Oxford (whence 'B'). The Bodley manuscript includes what is known as the Katherine Group. The Wooing Group texts use this same language.
The term was coined in 1929 by J. R. R. Tolkien who noted that the dialect of both manuscripts is highly standardized, pointing to "a 'standard' language based on one in use in the West Midlands in the 13th century." AB language is 'characterized by French and Norse loanwords, colloquial expressions, conservative spelling, and similarities to Old English syntax'.
   While there is no general agreement among scholars as to authorship, Ancrene Wisse, the KATHERINE GROUP, and the Wooing Group are often combined, albeit loosely, into a confederation of texts. They are connected by manuscript tradition, as many of the texts appear and reappear in manuscripts in various combinations. Perhaps most significantly, there exist numerous thematic parallels among the group, including a focus on a suffering human Christ who has a personal relationship with the primarily female audience, and a connection to anchoresses. Anchoresses were women who completely withdrew from earthly life by having themselves enclosed in small cells attached to churches, from which they could never depart. They communicated with servants and visitors through a window that looked out on the churchyard, and observed Mass and received communion through a window that was directed towards the high altar. As contemplatives, the anchoresses’ primary purpose was to pray, seeking complete union with God.
# Nathaniel Batchelder House

The Nathaniel Batchelder House is a historic house at 71 Franklin Street in Reading, Massachusetts. Built sometime between 1753 and 1765, it is a prominent local example of Georgian architecture. It is also significant for its association with several members of the locally prominent Batchelder family. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984.

## Description and history

The Nathaniel Batchelder House stands in a residential area of northern Reading, on the north side of Franklin Street just east of its junction with Pearl Street. It is a 2+1⁄2-story timber-frame structure, with a side-gable roof, two interior chimneys, clapboarded exterior, and stone foundation. Its main facade is five bays wide, with a center entrance framed by sidelight windows, pilasters, and a tall corniced entablature. Its upper-floor windows are set butting against the eave, a typical Georgian feature.
The house was built sometime between 1753 and 1765 by Nathaniel Batchelder, Jr., probably later in the period following his father's death in 1763 when the family property was divided. The Batchelders were a prominent local family, and this house remained in the family until 1971. A mid-19th century descendant was "Master John" Batchelder, who was well known locally as a school teacher, town selectman, and state representative. John's great-great-great-grandniece Bernice, who also lived in this house, was a professor of Education at Ashland State Teachers College in Ohio.
# Sampson Salter Blowers

Sampson Salter Blowers (March 10, 1742 – October 25, 1842) was a noted North American lawyer, Loyalist and jurist from Nova Scotia who, along with Chief Justice Thomas Andrew Lumisden Strange, waged "judicial war" in his efforts to free Black Nova Scotian slaves from their owners, leading to the decline of slavery in Nova Scotia.

## Career

After graduating with a Master of Arts from Harvard College in 1765, he studied law at Thomas Hutchinson's office. He became a barrister at the Massachusetts Superior Court in 1770. His home on Southack's Court (present-day Phillips Street) at Beacon Hill, Boston bordered on the properties of John Hancock, John Winthrop and John Phillips (mayor). A very successful trial lawyer, he worked with Josiah Quincy and John Adams in defending the soldiers involved in the Boston Massacre, a March 1770 confrontation in which British soldiers fired into a crowd of a few hundred Bostonians who had been verbally harassing and throwing projectiles at them.
Considered a Loyalist, he was forced to relocate to England in 1774. He resettled in America in 1777, in Newport, Rhode Island (then still under British control) as a judge in the vice admiralty court, later moving to New York, and then in 1783 moved permanently to Halifax, Nova Scotia.
In Halifax he built a busy law practice, and in 1784 was named attorney general of Nova Scotia. The following year, he was appointed attorney general for New Brunswick but refused the post, not wanting to relocate his family. Later that year, he was named attorney general for Nova Scotia. In 1785, he was elected to the Nova Scotia House of Assembly for Halifax County and was chosen to be speaker for the assembly. In 1788, he was named to the Nova Scotia Council.
Because Blowers put the onus on slave owners to prove that they had a legal right to purchase slaves, slavery died out in Nova Scotia early in the 1800s, unlike in New Brunswick, where Chief Justice George Duncan Ludlow had ruled that slavery was legal.

## Personal life

The young Sampson Salter Blowers became an orphan after his father died soon after his return from the Siege of Louisbourg. Blowers was raised by his grandfather, Sampson Salter. In 1774, he married Sarah Kent, daughter of Massachusetts Attorney General Benjamin Kent. In Halifax Blowers lived at the corner of Barrington Street and the street now named after him. Blowers died in Halifax in 1842, aged 100, soon after he broke his hip in a fall. Most of his estate went to his adopted daughter, Sarah Ann Anderson, who had married William Blowers Bliss. He is buried in the crypt of St. Paul's Church (Halifax) and his wife is buried in Camphill Cememtery. Although he lost a substantial amount of property in the American War of Independence, he regained his wealth in Nova Scotia, leaving a large estate to his adopted daughter.
# Royal York Crescent

Royal York Crescent is a residential street in Clifton, Bristol. It overlooks much of the docks, and much of the city can be seen from it. It also joins Clifton Village at one end. It is one of the most expensive streets in the city.
Nos. 1–46 form a crescent which is a Grade II* listed building. Their construction started in 1791 but was not completed until 1820. Nos. 47–50, attached to the eastern end of the main crescent, are Grade II listed. The raised pavement built over vaulted cellars in front of the entire terrace, which is c. 390 metres (1,280 ft) long, is separately listed as Grade II*. Royal York Crescent is reputed to be the longest crescent in Europe.
Nos. 1–3 were used until 1855 as a boarding school for girls, run by Mrs Rogers and her four daughters. In 1837 the school was attended by Eugénie de Montijo, the future Empress of the French, and her sister Paca, the future Duchess of Alba.
The crescent is part of the Clifton conservation area.
# Santosh Thundiyil

Santosh Thundiyil is an Indian cinematographer. He is best known for films like Kuch Kuch Hota Hai (1998), Devadoothan (2000), Krrish (2006), Pinjar (2003), Rowdy Rathore (2012) and Jai Ho (2014).

## Early life and education

Santosh grew up in the town of Changanacherry in Kerala. He was a student of Sacred Heart English Medium School and graduated in chemistry from St. Berchmans College, Changanacherry. Santosh did his postgraduate diploma in cinematography from the prestigious FTII, Pune in India in 1994. As a student, he was selected for representing Asia in the second European seminar for Student Directors of Photography conducted in the National Film School, Hungary in Budapest, under Oscar-winning British Cinematographer, Billy Williams, and Dean Cundey.

## Career

Santosh, who has assisted renowned directors of photography like Govind Nihlani, Venu and Binod Pradhan, also has a number of commercials and documentary films to his credit. He is trained under Oscar winning Billy Williams (Gandhi) and Dean Cundey (Jurassic Park) representing the country in the second European Seminar for Student Directors of Photography. Now as he continues his profession he is also a visiting Professor in National Institutes like Indian Institute of Technology, MUMBAI (IIT MUMBAI) and Film and Television Institute of India, Pune (FTII, Pune).

## Filmography

| Year | Title | Language |
| TBA | Vrushabha | Malayalam Kannada |
| TBA | Soorya | Hindi |
| 2024 | Kartam Bhugtam | Hindi |
| 2019 | Setters | Hindi |
| 2018 | Pengalila | Malayalam |
| 2018 | Neerali | Malayalam |
| 2018 | Welcome to New York | Hindi |
| 2016 | Rustom | Hindi |
| 2014 | Jai Ho | Hindi |
| 2013 | Jayantabhai Ki Luv Story | Hindi |
| 2012 | Rowdy Rathore | Hindi |
| 2011 | Patiala House | Hindi |
| 2010 | Tere Bin Laden | Hindi |
| 2010 | Pyaar Impossible | Hindi |
| 2009 | Luck | Hindi |
| 2008 | Aakasha Gopuram | Malayalam |
| 2008 | Tipu Kanan Tipu Kiri | Malay |
| 2006 | Palunku | Malayalam |
| 2006 | Krrish | Hindi |
| 2005 | Kaal | Hindi |
| 2005 | Waqt: The Race Against Time | Hindi |
| 2004 | Rok Sako To Rok Lo | Hindi |
| 2003 | Pinjar | Hindi |
| 2000 | Tera Jadoo Chal Gayaa | Hindi |
| 2000 | Devadoothan | Malayalam |
| 1999 | Hello Brother | Hindi |
| 1998 | Kuch Kuch Hota Hai | Hindi |
| 1998 | Pranayavarnangal | Malayalam |

### Web series

| Year | Title | Cinematographer | Language | Notes |
| 2020 | The Chargesheet: Innocent or Guilty? | Yes | Hindi | Web series released on ZEE5 |
| 2021 | Illegal Season 2 | Yes | Hindi | Web series released on Voot |

## Awards and nominations

Filmfare Award
* 2012 - Filmfare Award for Best Cinematographer -Rowdy Rathore Nomination
Asianet Film Awards
* 2008 - Best Cinematographer Award -Aakasha Gopuram
* 2006 - Best Cinematographer Award -Palunku
2005- [ star screen award #best cinematography award for pinjar
# Adele Ferguson

Adele Ferguson AM is an Australian investigative journalist, best known for her series of exposés of malfeasance in the franchising, aged care, and financial services sectors in Australia which have resulted in major inquiries including the Hayne Royal Commission.

## Career

After graduating from the University of Adelaide with degrees in economics and arts, Ferguson began a cadetship at The Advertiser newspaper. She then worked at Business Review Weekly magazine as senior business correspondent, and as business writer for The Australian newspaper. In 2009, she joined Fairfax Media as senior business writer and columnist for The Sydney Morning Herald and The Age.
In July 2012, Ferguson released Gina Rinehart: The Untold Story of the Richest Woman in the World, an unauthorised biography of mining magnate Gina Rinehart. Rinehart's lawyers issued a subpoena for Ferguson to produce source material relating to Rinehart's son, John Hancock. The subpoena was dismissed by the Supreme Court of Western Australia, with Rinehart ordered to pay Ferguson's legal costs.
Since 2014, Ferguson has worked on several joint investigations with the ABC's Four Corners program. The first, "Banking Bad", described "unconscionable banking practices" in the Commonwealth Bank and other Australian banks, and won the Gold Walkley award. Subsequent collaborations alleged wage fraud in the 7-Eleven, Domino's Pizza, Retail Food Group and Caltex franchises.
For her work in exposing corporate governance malpractices in the financial sector, the Institute of Certified Management Accountants, Australia inducted Ferguson to the Global Management Accounting Hall of Fame in 2019.
In 2023, she joined the ABC and as of February 2025 is working at 7.30.

## Awards and honours

In 2014, Ferguson (along with ABC collaborators Deb Masters and Mario Christodoulou) won the Gold Walkley award for their story "Banking Bad" about the financial planning and advice services of the Commonwealth Bank.
Also in 2014, Ferguson won Journalist of the Year at the Kennedy Awards.
Ferguson was made a Member of the Order of Australia in the 2019 Australia Day Honours, for significant service to the print and broadcast media as a journalist and business commentator.
Banking Bad was shortlisted for the 2020 Davitt Award for best nonfiction crime book and best debut crime book.

## Publications

* Ferguson, Adele (2012). Gina Rinehart : the untold story of the richest person in Australian history. Sydney, N.S.W.: Pan Macmillan Australia. ISBN 978-1-74261-097-9. OCLC 781690232.
* Ferguson, Adele (2019). Banking Bad: Whistleblowers. Corporate cover-ups. One journalist's fight for the truth. Sydney, N.S.W.: HarperCollins. ISBN 978-0-7333-4011-6. OCLC 1101395487.