# General Directorate of Security (Turkey)

The General Directorate of Security (Turkish: Emniyet Genel Müdürlüğü) or the Turkish National Police, abbreviated TNP, is the national civil police of Turkey primarily responsible for law enforcement in urban areas, whilst rural policing falls under the jurisdiction of the Gendarmerie General Command. The TNP reports to the Ministry of the Interior and is composed of 81 divisions, each for respective provinces, that make up several police regions that are bolstered by specialist units.
Its creation dates back to the 19th century. Until the dissolution of the janissaries in 1826, police services in the Ottoman Empire were carried out by local garrisons and public administrators. The present-day TNP was then established in 1845, as part of the Tanzimat, with a law inspired by the Paris Police. Though it faced massive changes in function and structure over the years, the institution itself remained the same and was not replaced by a successor during the Turkish Revolution.
As of 2023, the TNP has 352,188 personnel in law enforcement and public service positions, making it one of the largest public employers in Turkey. It was allocated an $8,6 billion budget in 2024. However, the government surged the "internal security" grants in the 2025 budget proposal, increasing the grand total for all law enforcement agencies to an all-time record of $19,5 billion.

## Function and mission

The Police Duties and Jurisdiction Law of 1934 (Turkish: Polis Vazife ve Salâhiyet Kanunu) establishes the fundamental mission of the TNP as to:
* Protect the public order, persons and the immunity of residence,
* Ensure the safety of the people, goods, and the public peace,
* Provide assistance to the children in need of help, disabled persons, and other disadvantaged groups.

## Structure

In the provinces, it operates under the command of governors (Turkish: vali) and district governors (Turkish: kaymakam). Civil administrators (Turkish: mülki amir) are responsible for the security and well-being of towns and districts. The Turkish National Police (TNP) operates within the network of the civil administration system and carries out its duties under the command and control of the civil authority. Town governors and heads of district administrations supervise the force.
As of 2024, the centralized structure as it follows:
* Inspection Board
* Private Security Inspection Board
* Executive Assistant Directorate
* Legal Affairs Directorate
* Personnel Directorate
* Special Operations Directorate
* Intelligence Directorate
* Traffic Directorate
* Presidential Protection Directorate
* Combating Smuggling and Organized Crimes Directorate
* Combating Narcotics Crimes Directorate
* Internal Audit Unit
* Police Academy

## Units

All Turkish police officers wear navy-blue uniforms and caps.
Patrol cars can be identified by their unique blue-white design and the writing “Polis” (Turkish for 'Police') on the side doors and hood.
Commissioners and police chiefs wear silver stars rank on their shoulders and police directors wear gold stars.
* Çevik Kuvvet armpatch
* Naval armpatch
* Traffic armpatch
* General Service armpatch
* Airport armpatch
Some well-known police units in Turkey are:
* Martılar (English: Gulls) bike patrol units
* Yunuslar (English: Dolphins) motorcycle units
* Şahinler (English: Falcons) motorcycle units of the traffic department.
* TOMA armored water cannon designed for riot control.
* Çevik Kuvvet (English: Agile Force) who handle riot control cases.
* Özel Harekat(English: Special Operations) which is the special response unit of the directorate (quite like the American SWAT or the German GSG 9).
* Karşı Atak Timi (English: Counter Attack Team) close protection service for the president.
* Aviation Department
* Police Academy during Parade
* Motorcycle unit Yunuslar
* TOMA water cannon in Istanbul, 2013
* Female riot police squad (Çevik Kuvvet Polis)
* Police patrol boat
* Police diver
* Bell 429 helicopter of Turkish Police Aviation Department.

## Training

The TNP receives two categories of training, the first being in-service training provided by the Department of Education operating directly under the General Directorate of Security; whereas pre-profession training is provided by the Police Academy. The Police Academy offers five different training programs:
* Police Schools (2 years)
* Police Training Centers (8 months)
* Police Chiefs Training Center (1 year)
* Security Sciences Institute
* Higher Level Management Training
There are other educational institutions that give expert in-service training, such as the Turkish International Academy Against Drugs and Organized Crime and the Crime Investigation and Research Education Center.

## Ranks and insignia

| General Directorate of Security | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| General Directorate of Security | Director general Emniyet Genel Müdürü | 1st Degree Police Chief 1. Sınıf Emniyet Müdürü | 2nd Degree Police Chief 2. Sınıf Emniyet Müdürü | 3rd Degree Police Chief 3. Sınıf Emniyet Müdürü | 4th Degree Police Chief 4. Sınıf Emniyet Müdürü | Superintendent Emniyet Amiri | Chief inspector Başkomiser | Inspector Komiser | Deputy-inspector Komiser Yardımcısı | Sergeant Kıdemli Başpolis Memuru | Corporal Başpolis Memuru | Police officer Polis Memuru |

## Equipment
### Handguns

* Yavuz 16
* Sarsılmaz Kılınç 2000
* Girsan MC 28 SA
* TP9 SF Elite-S
* SAR 9 METE

### Shotguns

* Sarsılmaz Cobra & Baba
* USAS-12

### Submachine guns

* Heckler & Koch MP5
* SAR 109T
* Uzi

### Assault/Battle Rifle

* MPT 76
* MPT 55
* SAR 223T/P
* HK 33E
* HK G3
* AKM
* M16
* M4
* HK417A2
* Galil
* SIG516

### Riot control

* FN 303
* Milkor MGL

### Machine Guns

* Canik M2 QCB
* M60E6
* M249SAW
* MAG58
* LM8
* KMG556
* MMG556

### Sniper Rifles

* SVD Dragunov
* LMT MWS 308
* IMI Galatz
* PCL-54C
* Steyr SSG 69PI
* Steyr SSG 08
* Accuracy International AX50

### Grenade Launchers

* M203
* Penn Arms GL40
* Milkor M320A1
* TAC40

### EOD/Drone Jammer system

* ASELSAN KANGAL

### Directed energy weapon

* ALKA DEWS

### Unmanned ground vehicle

* ÇETİN - EOD robot

### Combat drones

* Cankut-1

### Patrol Vehicles

| Vehicle | Image | Origin/Assembly | Type |
| Patrol cars ||||
| TOGG | | Turkey | Electric patrol car |
| Ford Transit Courier | | Turkey United States | Most common patrol car |
| Fiat Doblo | | Turkey Italy | Most common patrol car |
| Renault Mégane | | Turkey France | Traffic police car |
| Renault Symbol | | Turkey France | Standard patrol and traffic police car |
| Hyundai Accent | | Turkey South Korea | Traffic police car |
| Toyota Corolla | | Turkey Japan | Traffic and motorway police car |
| Fiat Egea | | Turkey Italy | Patrol car |
| Toyota Hilux | | Turkey Japan | Traffic police car |
| Renault Fluence | | Turkey France | Traffic police car |
| Renault Kangoo | | Turkey France | Patrol car |
| Ford Transit Connect | | Turkey United States | Patrol car |
| Dacia Duster | | Turkey France Romania | Patrol car |
| Fiat Linea | | Turkey Italy | Patrol car |
| Hyundai Elantra | | Turkey South Korea | Traffic police car |
| Volkswagen Caddy | | Turkey Germany | Patrol car |
| Opel Insignia | | Turkey Germany | Traffic police car |
| Opel Combo Life | | Turkey Germany | Patrol car |
| BMW 320i (F30) | | Turkey Germany | Traffic police car |
| Subaru Impreza | | Turkey Japan | Traffic police car |
| Toyota Prius | | Turkey Japan | Patrol car/Traffic police |
| Mini Cooper | | Turkey Germany United Kingdom | Patrol car/Traffic police |
| Audi A3 | | Turkey Germany | Patrol car/Traffic police |
| BMW 120i | | Turkey Germany | Patrol car/Traffic police |
| Nissan Navara | | Turkey Japan | Patrol car/Traffic police |
| Nissan Juke | | Turkey Japan | Patrol car/Traffic police |
| Ferrari 458 Italia | | Italy | Traffic police car |
| Bentley GT | | United Kingdom | Traffic police car |
| Mercedes Benz CLA | | Germany | Traffic police car |
| Mercedes Benz GLS | | Germany | Traffic police car |
| Audi RS6 | | Germany | Traffic police car |
| Porsche Taycan | | Germany | Traffic police car |
| Volvo XC90 | | Sweden | Traffic police car |
| Range Rover | | United Kingdom | Traffic police car |
| Land Rover Freelander | | United Kingdom | Traffic police car |
| Volkswagen Golf Mk8 | | Germany | Traffic police car |
| Peugeot 3008 | | France | Traffic police car |
| BMW 5 | | Germany | Traffic police car |
| Skoda Kodiaq | | Czech Republic | Traffic police car |
| Ford Ranger | | Turkey United States | Forensics car |
| GMC Yukon | | Turkey United States | Presidential Guards car |
| Patrol motorbikes ||||
| BMW R1200 GS | | Germany | Patrol motorbike |
| Honda Africa Twin | | Japan | Patrol motorbike |
| Yamaha Fazer 1/6 | | Japan | Patrol motorbike |
| Honda VFR 800 | | Japan | Patrol motorbike |
| Vans and busses ||||
| Ford Transit | | Turkey United States | Patrol van |
| Ford Transit Custom | | Turkey United States | Patrol van |
| Fiat Ducato | | Turkey Italy | Patrol van |
| Isuzu Turkuaz | | Turkey Japan | Patrol bus |
| Otokar Sultan | - | Turkey | Patrol bus |
| Katmerciler Kiraç | - | Turkey | Criminal research vehicle |

### Armoured Vehicles

| Vehicle | Image | Origin/Assembly | Type | Notes |
| Infantry mobility vehicles/MRAPs | Infantry mobility vehicles/MRAPs | Infantry mobility vehicles/MRAPs | Infantry mobility vehicles/MRAPs | |
| Otokar APC/ Shorland S-55 | - | Turkey | Infantry mobility vehicle | 40 in service. |
| Otokar Cobra | | Turkey | Infantry mobility vehicle | |
| Otokar Cobra II | | Turkey | Infantry mobility vehicle | |
| BMC Kirpi | | Turkey | Mine-resistant ambush protected | |
| BMC Vuran | | Turkey | Mine-resistant ambush protected | |
| Nurol Ejder | | Turkey | Mine-resistant ambush protected | 417+ vehicles in service |
| Nurol Yörük | | Turkey | Infantry mobility vehicle/Presidential Protection Department car | |
| Otokar Ural | - | Turkey | Infantry mobility vehicle | 230+ vehicles in service. |
| BMC Amazon | - | Turkey | Multi-purpose armoured vehicle | |
| Nurol ILGAZ II | - | Turkey | Mine-resistant ambush protected | |
| Riot control | Riot control | Riot control | Riot control | |
| TOMA | | Turkey | Intervention Vehicle against Social Incidents | |
| AFV/APC | AFV/APC | AFV/APC | AFV/APC | |
| Cadillac Cage Commando V-150S | | United States | Amphibious armoured car/Armoured personnel carrier | 124 total. Some were given to the SNA. |
| Dragoon 300 | | United States | Amphibious armoured fighting vehicle | 80 in service |
| Unmanned Ground Vehicles | Unmanned Ground Vehicles | Unmanned Ground Vehicles | Unmanned Ground Vehicles | |
| Aselsan Aslan | - | Turkey | Medium-class unmanned ground vehicle | |
| Aselsan Kaplan | - | Turkey | Light-class unmanned ground vehicle | |

### Boats

* Ares 35 FPB -17 boats
* ASBOT KN-35
* 57 patrol boats

### Aircraft

| Vehicle | Image | Origin | Type | Notes |
| Aircraft |||||
| Beechcraft Super King Air | | United States | Utility/Transport aircraft | 2 B350i variant in use. |
| Cessna Citation XLS+ | | United States | Utility aircraft | 1 in service. |
| Beechcraft C90 | | United States | Utility aircraft | 2 in service. |
| Helicopters |||||
| Sikorsky S-92 | | United States | VIP Transport helicopter | 3 S-92A Used by the Ministry. |
| Bell 206 | | United States Canada | Multi-purpose utility helicopter | 2 Bell 206L-3 in service. |
| Bell 429 | | United States Canada South Korea | Multi-purpose utility helicopter | 14 in service. |
| Sikorsky S-70 Black Hawk | | United States Turkey | Medium transport/Utility helicopter | S-70A-D28 & 2 S-70i 18 T-70 on order. 2 T-70 in service |
| TAI T625 Gökbey | | Turkey | Utility helicopter | First batch : 3 on order. |
| TAI/AgustaWestland T129 ATAK | | Turkey Italy | Attack helicopter | 3 in T129B service |
| Unmanned aerial vehicles |||||
| TAI Anka | | Turkey | MALE UCAV | |
| Baykar Bayraktar TB2 | | Turkey | MALE UCAV | |
| ÇAĞATAY | - | Turkey | VTOL UAV | |
| UÇBEY | - | Turkey | VTOL UAV | |
| BULUT | - | Turkey | VTOL UAV | Developed by Havelsan. |
| Arcturus T-20 | | United States | Tactical reconnaissance UAV | |
Planned Acquisition :
* New liaison and utility aircraft
* BMC Tulga SUV