# Tobias Billström

Tobias Lennart Billström (born 27 December 1973) is a Swedish former politician of the Moderate Party. He served as Minister for Migration and Asylum Policy from 2006 to 2014, briefly as Minister for Employment in 2010 and as Minister for Foreign Affairs from 2022 to 2024.
He was Member of the Riksdag from the 2002 general election to 2024, representing both Malmö Municipality (2002–2022) and Stockholm County (2022–2024). In the Riksdag, he served as First Deputy Speaker of the Riksdag from 2014 to 2017.
Billström announced his retirement from politics as a whole on 4 September 2024 and formally stood down on 10 September 2024.

## Education

Billström has a Master of Philosophy in Historical Studies from the University of Cambridge and a fil. mag. in history from the University of Lund. While at Cambridge, he was a member of Selwyn College. His essays in history concerned subject areas of British colonial history, especially officers stationed in India and Jamaica. Billström became politically active through the Moderate Youth League. During his studies, he was active in the Confederation of Swedish Conservative and Liberal Students as chairman of Malmö Association FMS Gryphus, and sat on the board of the student union Lunds humanistkår. Billström began his studies in Lund in the Philosophy Department, where he read 20 points scientific basics for Victoria Höög.

## Member of the Riksdag

Billström became a Member of the Riksdag at the 2002 Swedish general election; he subsequently became a deputy in the Education Committee, Employment Committee and in the Cultural Committee. In 2003, he became a member of the Education Committee where he received a special responsibility for issues related to higher education and research. In April 2005, Billström became a member of the Social Security Committee and Moderate Party spokesperson on issues related to migration and integration. During the period from 2003 to 2007, Billström was Chairman of the Moderate Party in Malmö. Billström became a member of the board of the Swedish Migration Board in November 2005, a position he left when he was appointed Minister in 2006.
Billström participated as a Member of the Riksdag in the discussion of migration policy. He opposed the temporary asylum law that was implemented by the social democratic Persson cabinet, arguing that the law was not fair and that it was based on collective judgment.

## Minister for Migration and Asylum Policy

Billström became Minister for Migration and Asylum Policy on 6 October 2006. Billström was stationed in the Ministry of Justice, unlike his immediate predecessors, who had been stationed in the Ministry for Foreign Affairs.

### Labour immigration

Once it took office in October 2006, the Reinfeldt Cabinet set a new aim for Swedish migration policy, which was to increase the opportunities for labour immigration. Billström emphasised the importance of creating a balance in the policy area where asylum issues often dominate. He also pointed out that labour immigration today is a way to help developing countries beyond the traditional aid.

### Re-establishment support

The government implemented, on 1 August 2007, a re-establishment support to facilitate the repatriation of those who have had their asylum applications rejected.

### Middle East

Billström stated that countries in Europe and the world should help refugees from Iraq who fled during the Iraq War. He emphasised the need for a very strong common asylum and migration policy, and that this could give more Iraqis in need of protection to access this.
The work was given a start with the article that Billström wrote with Cecilia Malmström in the Swedish newspaper Svenska Dagbladet. The message has since been represented to the Council of the European Union and at several international conferences where Billström represented Sweden, including in Geneva and in Sharm el-Sheikh.
From 30 March until 4 April 2007, Billström, as the first European Minister for Migration and Asylum Policy, made a trip to Syria and Jordan to create a picture of the situation of the Iraqi refugees residing there. At the time he was interviewed in Damascus by Sveriges Radio.
In classified documents revealed by Wikileaks, Billström, together with Carl Bildt during the two men's visit to the American Ambassador Ryan Crocker in Baghdad in 2007, reported the Iraqi refugee situation in Sweden, specifically mentioning honour killings and the Swedish opinion of restricting immigration.

### Controversial statements

In an interview about illegal immigrants hidden in Sweden on 18 March 2013, Billström said that "Sometimes we have the impression that the person who is hidden lives with a nice blonde Swedish lady in her fifties or sixties who wants to help. But that's not true. The vast majority of hidden illegal immigrants live with their compatriots who are not blond and blue-eyed."
The statement was severely criticised by both opposition parties as well as the other governing parties in the Alliance coalition government. The leader of the Moderate Youth League, youth league of the Moderate Party, Erik Bengtzboe also criticised the statement, and called for Billström to apologise and to think about what he had said.
Some even called for Billström's resignation from the position of Minister for Migration and Asylum Policy. The right-wing Sweden Democrats party leader Jimmie Åkesson welcomed Billström's statement and said "that he was on the right track".
In the early afternoon on the same day, Billström officially apologised for his statement and said that his words came out in the wrong way, and that what he said was not what he really meant. Fredrik Reinfeldt, the Prime Minister of Sweden, welcomed Billström's apology.
In response to the attacks on Gaza by Israel following the Hamas attacks on 7 October 2023, Billström said that Israel's response had been proportionate. This received heavy criticism, from ActionAid and Amnesty. An official complaint was filed by Sweden's left party.
On 29 August 2024, during an interview on the Russo-Ukrainian conflict, he stated Swedish authorities including himself wished for a regime change in Russia.

## First Deputy Speaker

Billström was elected First Deputy Speaker on 29 September 2014. He resigned from the position in October 2017, to become Moderate Party leader in the Riksdag.

## Minister for Foreign Affairs (2022-2024)

On 18 October 2022, he was announced as Minister of Foreign Affairs in the Kristersson Cabinet. On his first day Billström stated that he would not use the term "feminist foreign policy" as his predecessor.
Billström served as Foreign Minister during Swedens historic entry into the North Atlantic Treaty Organization and a priority during his tenure was to secure membership ratification from Turkey and Hungary, who had both previously refused to approve Swedens membership after its application in 2022. In early 2024 both nations finally granted their approval. Billström said Sweden had much to give to the alliance.
On 31 October 2023, Billström expressed support for Israel during the 2023 Israel–Hamas war, saying that Israel's response was "proportionate, in relation to its right to defend itself."
On 4 September 2024, Billström announced his intent to resign as Minister for Foreign Affairs and as a member of the Riksdag on 10 September in connection with the Opening of the Riksdag. He also stated that he intended to retire from politics entirely.

### List of international trips made by Tobias Billström

Since becoming Minister for Foreign Affairs, Billström has made a number of international trips.
List of international trips :
| Country | Location(s) | Dates |
| 2022 ||||
| Finland | Helsinki | 21 October 2022 |
| Estonia | Tallinn | 1 November 2022 |
| Finland | Helsinki | 2 November 2022 |
| Germany | Berlin | 10 November 2022 |
| Belgium | Brussels | 14 November 2022 |
| Jordan | Amman | 15–17 November 2022 |
| France | Paris | 21 November 2022 |
| Lithuania | Vilnius | 22 November 2022 |
| Ukraine | Kyiv | 28 November 2022 |
| Romania | Bucharest | 29–30 November 2022 |
| Poland | Łódź | 1–2 December 2022 |
| United States | Washington D.C. | 6–8 December 2022 |
| Belgium | Brussels | 12 December 2022 |
| Turkey | Ankara | 21–22 December 2022 |
| 2023 ||||
| Belgium | Brussels | 23 January 2023 |
| Latvia | Riga | 27 January 2023 |
| Norway | Tromsø | 31 January 2023 |
| Finland | Helsinki | 7 February 2023 |
| Germany | Munich | 17–19 February 2023 |
| Belgium | Brussels | 19 February 2023 |
| India | New Delhi | 2–4 March 2023 |
| Italy | Rome | 3 April 2023 |
| Serbia | Belgrade | 19–20 April 2023 |
| Montenegro | Podgorica | 19–20 April 2023 |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | Sarajevo | 19–20 April 2023 |
| Kosovo | Pristina | 19–20 April 2023 |
| Moldova | Chișinău | 26–27 April 2023 |
| Estonia | Tallinn | 2–4 May 2023 |
| Iceland | Reykjavík | 16–17 May 2023 |
| Belgium | Brussels | 22 May 2023 |
| Norway | Oslo | 31 May–1 June 2023 |
| Germany | Wismar | 1 June–2 June 2023 |
| Belgium | Brussels | 8 June 2023 |
| Poland | Warsaw | 12 June 2023 |
| Iceland | Ísafjörður | 12–13 June 2023 |
| France | Paris | 16 June 2023 |
| Luxembourg | Luxembourg | 26 June 2023 |
| United States | Washington D.C. | 4–5 July 2023 |
| Belgium | Brussels | 6 July 2023 |
| Lithuania | Vilnius | 10–12 July 2023 |
| Latvia | Riga | 6–7 September 2023 |
| United States | New York City | 18–26 September 2023 |
| Netherlands | The Hague | 28 September 2023 |
| Oman | Muscat | 9–10 October 2023 |
| Saudi Arabia | Riyadh | 9–10 October 2023 |
| Luxembourg | Luxembourg | 23 October 2023 |
| Norway | Oslo | 1 November 2023 |
| Germany | Berlin | 2 November 2023 |
| Lithuania | Vilnius | 6 November 2023 |
| Finland | Helsinki | 8 November 2023 |
| Belgium | Brussels | 13 November 2023 |
| Finland | Helsinki | 27-28 November 2023 |
| Belgium | Brussels | 28-29 November 2023 |
| North Macedonia | Skopje | 29-30 November 2023 |
| France | Paris | 12 December 2023 |
| Belgium | Brussels | 11 December 2023 |
| Norway | Oslo | 14-15 December 2023 |
| 2024 ||||
| Lithuania | Vilnius | 11-12 January 2024 |
| Belgium | Brussels | 22 January 2024 |
| Belgium | Brussels | 1-2 February 2024 |
| Germany | München | 16-18 February 2024 |
| India | Bangalore | 20 February 2024 |
| India | New Delhi | 21–23 February 2024 |
| United States | Washington D.C. | 6–7 March 2024 |
| Belgium | Brussels | 11 March 2024 |
| Germany | Berlin | 21 March 2024 |
| Finland | Esbo | 26 March 2024 |
| Belgium | Brussels | 3–4 April 2024 |
| United Kingdom | London | 15–16 April 2024 |
| Luxembourg | Luxembourg | 22 April 2024 |
| Denmark | Copenhagen | 2–3 May 2024 |
| United States ( Texas) | Texas | 13–15 May 2024 |
| Czech Republic | Prague | 30–31 May 2024 |
| Finland | Borgå | 13–14 June 2024 |
| Luxembourg | Luxembourg | 24 June 2024 |
| Poland | Warsaw | 25 June 2024 |
| USA | Washington D.C. | 9–11 July 2024 |
| Ghana | Accra | 12–14 August 2024 |
| Nigeria | Abuja | 12–14 August 2024 |
| Nigeria | Lagos | 15 August 2024 |

## Other activities

* Migration Policy Institute (MPI), Member of the Transatlantic Council on Migration
* Wilfried Martens Centre for European Studies, Member of the Executive Board

## Personal life

He is the first openly bisexual person to serve as minister in a Swedish cabinet. He is married to Sofia Åkerman with whom he has one daughter.

### TV license controversy

On 11 October 2006, less than a week after he took office, it was revealed that Billström deliberately had neglected to pay his television licence for ten years, despite owning a television. Billström stated that his neglect was based on his political standpoint against public service, but that he had come to appreciate public service and that he believed that citizens and especially legislators should follow the law. Billström also expressed his ambition to repay his debt with interest. However, on 12 October 2006, Radiotjänst i Kiruna AB, a private agency tasked with collecting the license fees, filed criminal charges against Billström together with two other ministers in the Reinfeldt Cabinet: Cecilia Stegö Chilò and Maria Borelius, with the latter two resigning on 14 and 16 October 2006. Billström stated that he intended to remain in office and had no intention of resigning.

## Honours
### National

* Sweden: Recipient of the Golden Jubilee Badge Medal of King Carl XVI Gustaf (15 September 2023)

### Foreign

* Denmark: Order of the Dannebrog, Grand Cross (6 May 2024)
* Finland: Order of the Lion of Finland, Grand Cross (23 April 2024)
* France: National Order of the Legion of Honour, Grand-officier (30 January 2024)
* Estonia: Order of the Cross of Terra Mariana, 1st Class (20 April 2023)
* Jordan: Order of Independence (Jordan), Grand Cordon (15 November 2022)
* Portugal: Order of Prince Henry, Grand Cross (5 May 2008)
* Bulgaria: Order of the Balkan Mountains, 1st Class (9 October 2007)