# Chabua

Chabua (/tʃəˈbʊə/ or /tʃəˈbwɑː/) is a town and a town area committee in Dibrugarh district in the state of Assam, India. Chabua is situated in between Dibrugarh town and Tinsukia town on NH-37 30 and 20 km (19 and 12 mi) from both the district towns, respectively. Its name derives from Chah (tea) and bua (plantation). It is also known as the motherland of tea, because Chabua was the first town in India to plant tea.

## Geography

Chabua is located at 27°29′N 95°11′E﻿ / ﻿27.48°N 95.18°E﻿ / 27.48; 95.18. It has an average elevation of 106 metres (347 feet).

## Demographics

As of the 2011 Indian census, Chabua had a population of 7,230. Males constitute 51% of the population and females 49%. Chabua has an average literacy rate of 88%, higher than the national average of 59.5%; with male literacy of 83% and female literacy of 72%. 11% of the population is under 6 years of age.

## Politics

Chabua is a Legislative Assembly constituency and a Circle of Dibrugarh District. Chabua is part of Lakhimpur.

## History

In the early 1820s, the British East India Company began large-scale production of tea in Assam, India, of a tea variety traditionally brewed by the Singpho tribe. In 1826, the British East India Company took over the region from the Ahom kings through the Yandaboo Treaty. In 1837, the first English tea garden was established at Chabua in Upper Assam; in 1840, the Assam Tea Company began the commercial production of tea in the region, run by indentured servitude of the local inhabitants. Beginning in the 1850s, the tea industry rapidly expanded, consuming vast tracts of land for tea plantations. By the turn of the century, Assam became the leading tea-producing region in the world. The word Chabua consist of two words: chah which means "tea" and bua which means plantation. Later on, Chahbua became Chabua and the place got its name.
During World War II, Chabua Air Force Station was constructed on the outskirts of the town. Chabua airfield was one of the largest bases used by the USAAF Air Transport Command to ferry supplies and personnel across The Hump to China in World War II. Chabua was headquarters for both the Assam and Bengal Wings of the India-China Division, ATC; and the operating base for the flying squadron of the 1333rd AAF Base Unit.
The country's eastern sector bordering China got fortified on 8 March 2011, with the induction of the Sukhoi Su-30MKI fighter aircraft at the Chabua Air Force Station. The initiation was done through a symbolic ceremony with the inaugural flight of the Sukhoi Su-30MKI taking off from here. It also performed an overshoot before landing. Chabua is the second airbase in the northeast after Tezpur to house the Sukhois, capable of striking targets inside China with a cruising speed range of 3,200 km, which can be more than doubled with mid-air refuelling by IL-78 aircraft.

## Education and research

Chabua has many educational institutions:
University:
* Sri Sri AnirudAniruddhadevadhadeva Sports University
Colleges:
* Dakha Devi Rasiwasia College
* Chabua Junior College, Chabua
* Purvajyoti Academy
* Kendriya Vidyalaya A.F.S Chabua
Vocational Training:
* NEEI, Chabua
* Basic Teachers Training Centre
Schools:
* Deodhai L.P. School
* Aniruddhadev M.E. School
* Assam Vidyapith H.S. School
* Jatiya Vidyalay, Chabua
* Little Angel School, Chabua
* Montfort High school, Chabua
* Rashtriya Hindi Vidyalaya HE School, est. 1952
* Bastuhara Vidyalaya H.E School
* Dinjoy H.M.H.S. School
* Paragon M.G Academy, Chabua
* Kendriya vidyalaya A.F.S Chabua
Health & Medical services
* Referral Hospital & Research Centre
* ST. Lukes Hospital
* Rural Health & Training Centre, Chabua, supervised by Assam Medical College
* Model hospital Chabua

## Notable people

* Birthplace of Julie Christie, actress (b. 1940) in St. Luke's Hospital, Chabua. Her father was the manager of Singlijan Tea Estate
* Sarbananda Sonowal former CM of Assam
* IPS J.N. Choudhury former DGP of Assam.
* IPS Karuna Kanta Das, ADGP.
* Paresh Baruah, (ULFA) Chairman.
* Punakan Boruah Present MLA Chabua.