OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Muhammad Ghulam Tawab

Air Vice Marshal Muhammad Ghulam Tawab SJ SBt (1 July 1930 – 23 February 1999) was the second chief of the air staff of Bangladesh Air Force who also served as deputy chief martial law administrator of Bangladesh with General Ziaur Rahman and Admiral M. H. Khan from 1975 to 1976.

## Early life

Tawab was born in a village near Sylhet, of Bengal Province, British Indian Empire, on 1 July 1930. He was married to Henrietta, a German national, and has two sons and a daughter.

## Career

After graduating college, Tawab joined the Pakistan Air Force in 1951 and was commissioned with the 9th GD(P) course as a pilot officer in the Pakistan Air Force. He graduated from PAF College Risalpur on September 15, 1951.
After Sheikh Mujib's assassination in August 1975, Tawab was immediately recalled from West Germany to active duty by then military secretary, Brigadier general Ziaur Rahman upon then Wing Commander M. Hamidullah Khan's advice. In October 1975, Tawab was promoted to Air Vice Marshal and appointed Chief of Air Staff replacing Air Vice Marshal A. K. Khandker.
The Bengal Lancers were directly involved in the coup and killing of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman. They were posted to Bogra Cantonment and their officers were sent into diplomatic posting outside of Bangladesh. Major General Ziaur Rahman, chief of Bangladesh Army, had difficulty moving the Bengal Lancers to Bogra but eventually succeeded after Air Vice Marshall Muhammad Ghulam Tawab, Chief of Bangladesh Air Force, threatened to use Air Force aircraft against the Bengal Lancers.
Air Vice Marshall Muhammad Ghulam Tawab addressed a rally of Bangladesh Jamaat-e-Islami calling for Bangladesh to be changed from a secular state to an Islamic one. Tawab also brought back four army officers involved in the assassination of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman and reinstated them in the Bengal Lancers at Bogra Cantonment. This led to the 1976 Bogra mutiny under Syed Faruque Rahman, one of the officers Tawab helped return to Bangladesh.
After the failed mutiny, Major General Ziaur Rahman retired Tawab, sent the four officers back, and disbanded the Bengal Lancers.
M. G. Tawab retired from Bangladesh Air Force in 1977 and returned to West Germany. He died in Munich on February 23, 1999, from prostate cancer after several years of illness.

## Awards and decorations

| | Sitara-e-Jurat (Star of Courage) 1965 War | Sitara-e-Basalat (Star of Good Conduct) 1967 | |
| Tamgha-e-Diffa (General Service Medal) Kashmir 1964/65 Clasp | Sitara-e-Harb 1965 War (War Star 1965) | Tamgha-e-Jang 1965 War (War Medal 1965) | Tamgha-e-Jamhuria (Republic Commemoration Medal) 1956 |
# Oberreichenbach, Bavaria

Oberreichenbach (German pronunciation:) is a town in the district of Erlangen-Höchstadt, in Bavaria, Germany.
# Broaghnabinnia

Broaghnabinnia (Irish: Bruach na Binne, meaning 'verge of the peak') is a summit of the Dunkerron Mountains, part of the Mountains of the Iveragh Peninsula in County Kerry, Ireland.

## Geography

The mountain lies northeast of Stumpa Dúloigh, the highest mountain of the Dunkerron range. With an elevation of 745 metres it is the 80th highest summit in Ireland.

## Access to the summit

Broaghnabinnia summit can be accessed scrambling, and is steep on all sides.
# A Single Man (novel)

A Single Man is a 1964 novel by Christopher Isherwood.
Set in Southern California during 1962, shortly after the Cuban Missile Crisis, it depicts one day in the life of George, a middle-aged Englishman who is a professor at a Los Angeles university. The university is a possible allusion to CSULA, where Isherwood taught for some time. The novel is also believed to be informed by a crisis in his relationship with Don Bachardy.
In 2009, fashion designer Tom Ford directed a film adaptation of the novel, with additions made to the original plot in the screenplay by David Scearce and Ford. Ford also contributed a foreword to a re-release of the novel.

## Plot

58-year old George is still grieving after the recent death of his long-term partner, Jim. He is unable to cope with the despondent, bereaved nature of his existence. George goes through his day having various encounters with different people that colour his senses and illuminate the possibilities of being alive and human in the world.
At the university where he works as a lecturer, he discusses one of Aldous Huxley's books with the students. One of them, Kenny, strikes up a conversation with him after the lecture. The two walk to a bookshop where Kenny buys George a pencil sharpener as a gift. Later, George goes to a hospital to visit Jim's lover, Doris, who survived the accident in which Jim died. She is frail and not expected to live for much longer. George goes to the gym and then visits his friend, a fellow English expatriate Charlotte. They have dinner and drink a lot.
George goes to The Starboard Side, a local pub. There, he encounters Kenny, who, it turns out, had come here expecting to see George. They drink and talk, flirting between the lines. Kenny suggests that they go for a swim and they both go in the sea naked. George suggests that they go to his place. There, they talk some more, but after a misunderstanding, George falls asleep and Kenny leaves his house. George wakes up, reads a friendly note that Kenny had left behind, and falls back asleep. The narrator then imagines, while commenting on the improbability of this happening on this particular day, the death of George and how his mind leaves his body behind.

## Characters

* George
* Jim
* Mr. Strunk
* Mrs. Strunk
* Mr. Garfein
* Mrs. Garfein
* Charlotte
* Kenny Potter
* Lois Yamaguchi
* Russ Dreyer
* Alexander Mong
* Tom Kugelman
* Buddy Sorensen
* Sister Maria
* Mr. Stoessel
* Mrs. Netta Torres
* Dr. Gottlieb
* Myron Hirsch
* Wally Bryant
* Estelle Oxford
* Grant Lefanu
* Cynthia Leach
* Andy Leach
* Doris
* Buck
* Rick
* Two young men playing tennis
# Institute of Chemistry of Ireland

The Institute of Chemistry of Ireland (ICI) is a society representing chemists in Ireland. It is led by Celine Marmion, a Professor of Chemistry at the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland.

## History

The first meeting was held on 15 May 1922. This meeting led to the formation of The Chemical Association of Ireland on 15 June 1923 which remained active until 1930. After several years of inactivity, the Irish Chemical Association was formed on 14 March 1936. At the end of the 1940s, it became clear that the association needed to evolve to achieve greater government recognition. A series of meetings led to the formation of the present Institute of Chemistry of Ireland on 18 January 1950.

## Membership

Members of the ICI are chemists who satisfy certain qualification criteria. There are several membership categories.

## Journals
### Irish Chemical News

The official journal of the ICI is Irish Chemical News. Two issues are published each year and are available through the institute website.

### Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics

The journal Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics (PCCP) published by the Royal Society of Chemistry is co-owned by the ICI along with 17 other national chemical societies. The journal publishes a broad range of research articles in physical chemistry, chemical physics and biophysics.
# Brayan Perea

Brayan Andrés Perea Vargas (born 25 February 1993), nicknamed El Coco, is a Colombian professional footballer who plays as a forward for Botev Vratsa.

## Club career
### Deportivo Cali

Perea began his career playing for the youth ranks of Deportivo Cali. He made his first team debut on 10 September 2011 against Boyacá Chicó. He entered the field in the 77th minute, substituting Cesar Amaya. In 2011, he failed to score a goal, having only made 7 appearances, most of them requiring him to get subbed on. He made his presence more noticeable in 2012, scoring 5 goals but still unable to make a mark in the first team. Due to an impressive campaign with Colombia at the 2013 South American Youth Championship, Perea was guaranteed a spot in the starting eleven almost every game. Perea would score 5 more goals for his home club in 2013 before signing with Serie A club Lazio.

### Lazio

On 11 February 2013, it was announced that Perea signed a 5-year deal with Italian side Lazio for a fee of €2.5 million. He was handed the number 34 upon his arrival. He made his debut on 25 September, coming off the bench in a 3–1 win against Catania. Making his Europa League debut, Perea assisted 2 crucial goals in a 3–3 draw against Trabzonspor.
Perea scored his first goal for Le Aquile on 20 October, in a 2–1 loss to Atalanta. He scored his first Europa League goal against Legia in a 0–2 away victory.
Perea spent the following campaigns out on loan, representing Perugia, Troyes AC and CD Lugo.
He was released from his Lazio contract by mutual consent on 28 December 2018.

### Independiente Santa Fe

On 27 January 2019 it was confirmed, that Perea had joined Independiente Santa Fe.

### Temperley

Argentine club Club Atlético Temperley confirmed on 5 February 2020, that Perea had joined the club on a deal until June 2021.

### Botev Vratsa

In early 2022 Perea joined Bulgarian club Botev Vratsa, but only began featuring for the team towards the end of the season. In July 2022, he extended his contract with the team until the summer of 2025.

## International career

Perea represented the Colombia U-20 at the 2013 South American Youth Championship. He scored a goal in the tournament against Argentina in the last match of the group stages. Eventually, Colombia won the championship and qualified for the 2013 FIFA U-20 World Cup. Included in the squad to dispute the 2013 FIFA U-20 World Cup, Perea made 4 appearances coming off the bench before Colombia's elimination in the round of 16.

## Honours
### Colombia U20

* South American Youth Championship: 2013
# Kursaal

Kursaal may refer to:
* Kursaal (amusement park), an amusement park in Southend-on-Sea, Essex, England
* Kursaal (ward), a council ward in Southend-on-Sea, Essex, England
* Dome Cinema, Worthing, previously named the Kursaal
* Royal Hall, Harrogate, previously named the Kursaal
* Villa Marina, Isle of Man, previously named the Kursaal
* Kursaal Congress Centre and Auditorium, a convention centre in San Sebastián, Spain
* Kursaal, in Interlaken, Switzerland
* The Kursaal Flyers, an English pub rock band
* Kursaal (novel), a novel by Peter Anghelides
# Wally Johansen

Wallace A. Johansen (August 26, 1917 – September 8, 1971) was a college basketball guard who played for the University of Oregon when it won the inaugural NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Tournament championship in 1938–39.

## Early life

Born in Astoria, Oregon, Johansen played basketball at Astoria High School, graduating in 1935 and helping the Fishermen win two consecutive state championships. That same year, his high school coach, John Warren, was hired as the freshman basketball coach at the University of Oregon, and he recruited Johansen and teammate Bobby Anet to enroll at Oregon.

## College

At Oregon, Johansen played three seasons for the Ducks varsity, forming a reliable backcourt with Anet, his teammate since junior high school. In his senior season of 1939, the Ducks won the Northern Division of the Pacific Coast Conference, and then defeated Southern Division champion California to win the conference championship and advance to the inaugural 1939 NCAA basketball championship, where they faced Ohio State in the final game. As Ohio State focused on stopping Oregon's frontcourt players, known as the "Tall Firs," Johansen and Anet ran the fast break and took control of the game. Johansen scored 9 points to help lead Oregon to a convincing 46–33 victory. Johansen had his jersey (#32) retired, and was later inducted into the Oregon Sports Hall of Fame as well as the University of Oregon Sports Hall of Fame.

## After basketball

After he graduated from Oregon, Johansen enrolled at the University of Oregon School of Law. His law school studies were interrupted by his service in World War II, but following the war, he earned his law degree from Oregon in 1948. He became an associate in the Coos Bay, Oregon law firm McKeown & Newhouse, eventually becoming a partner in the firm. From 1967 to 1968, Johansen served as President of the Oregon State Bar. He died of a heart attack in 1971.
# Radical symbol (disambiguation)

Radical symbol, a symbol for the square root or higher-order root of a number.
Radical symbol may also refer to:
* Chinese character radicals, a visually prominent component of a Chinese character
* List of ideological symbols includes symbols used by political radicals
# Rhys James

Rhys James (born Rhys William Jones, 30 April 1991) is a British stand-up comedian. James has appeared on Mock the Week and Live at the Apollo.

## Personal life

James studied for a politics and international relations degree at Manchester University, starting his stand-up career in 2010 whilst still a student. He is a football fan and supports Tottenham Hotspur.

## Career

James has appeared on Mock the Week, Russell Howard's Stand Up Central, @elevenish, Virtually Famous and Sweat the Small Stuff. In 2010 he performed as part of the Pleasance Comedy Reserve at the Edinburgh Fringe, was a finalist in the Laughing Boy New Act Competition and placed 3rd in 'Comedy Central's Funniest Student'. James also appeared on certain YouTube channels such as The Football Republic (Top 10 Football F*ck Up's) and Spurred On. In 2022, he was a guest host on Ed Gamble and Matthew Crosby's Radio X show.
In 2019, James embarked on his first nationwide tour Snitch, which was completed in 2021 after delays due to the COVID-19 pandemic. He has also appeared on The Great American Joke Off on The CW, as one of the panel of six comedians performing in 2023. James' first book, titled You'll Like It When You Get There, is scheduled to be published in August 2025.

### Live shows

* Begins (2014)
* Remains (2015)
* Forgives (2016)
* Snitch (2019-2021)
* Spilt Milk (2023)

### Podcasts

James has been featured on numerous podcasts, including Brett Goldstein's Films To Be Buried With and Jamie Laing's Private Parts.
In 2020, James began hosting a podcast called Early Work which featured conversations with performers about their early creative material.
In 2022, James started hosting Fit & Proper alongside Lloyd Griffith. This podcast sees a weekly guest hypothetically rebuild a football club of their choosing.

### Television

| Title | Year |
| Seann Walsh's Late Night Comedy Spectacular | 2014 |
| Sweat the Small Stuff | 2014-2015 |
| Virtually Famous | 2015 |
| @elevenish | 2016 |
| The Chris Ramsey Show | 2017 |
| Soho Theatre Live | 2017 |
| When News Goes Horribly Wrong | 2018 |
| Comedy Central at the Comedy Store | 2018 |
| The Premier League Show | 2018 |
| Alan Carr's Christmas Cracker | 2018 |
| Roast Battle | 2019 |
| Live at the Apollo | 2019 |
| Soccer AM | 2018-2020 |
| Love Island: Aftersun | 2020 |
| Comedians: Home Alone | 2020 |
| The Lock Inn Pub Quiz | 2020 |
| A League of Their Own | 2020 |
| Comedy Game Night | 2020 |
| Richard Osman's House of Games | 2020, 2025 |
| Pointless Celebrities | 2021 |
| Celebrity Mastermind | 2021 |
| Guessable | 2021-2022 |
| Comedians Giving Lectures | 2022 |
| Mock the Week | 2016-2022 |
| The Weakest Link | 2023 |
| Out of Order | 2024 |
# Close-Up (book)

The non-fiction book Close-up is a 2022 book authored by Jiwan Parajuli, based on the dimensions and characters of Nepali films. The book has successfully presented an insider's view of how the Nepali film industry has come to be and its evolution over the years.
# Kootchypop

Kootchypop is a 1993 EP by Hootie & the Blowfish released independently. Several of the EP's songs became hits when they were re-recorded for their later major-label albums. In addition, the tracks were eventually remastered and included as a bonus on the deluxe 25th anniversary edition of Cracked Rear View.

## Recording and release

The band self-funded the EP for $8,000 (equivalent to $11,321 in 2023) and it caught the attention of Tim Sommer, A&R at Atlantic Records, who encouraged the label to sign the band. By 1996, they had sold over 50,000 copies of the album. In covering the band's career, Ira Robbins and Jason C. Reeher of Trouser Press called the EP "a thoroughly professional effort which is 95 percent of the way toward the sound that made the band millionaires".
In 1998, the band's self-released recordings were the center of a lawsuit between Fishco, Inc.—the corporate entity they formed to represent the band—and California-based Haim Mizrahi, who attempted to sell the master recordings.

## Track listing

All songs written by Hootie & the Blowfish.
* "The Old Man and Me" – 4:26 (Re-recorded for Fairweather Johnson)
* "Hold My Hand" – 5:05 (Re-recorded for Cracked Rear View)
* "If You're Going My Way" – 3:26
* "Sorry's Not Enough" – 4:03
* "Only Wanna Be with You" – 3:37 (Re-recorded for Cracked Rear View)
* "Hold My Hand" (edit) – 3:59

## Personnel

Hootie & the Blowfish
* Mark Bryan – guitar, vocals, production
* Dean Felber – bass guitar, vocals, production
* Darius Rucker – vocals, guitar, production
* Jim Sonefeld – drums, vocals, production
Additional personnel
* Jim Brock – congas on "Sorry's Not Enough"
* Don Dixon – harmony arrangements on "If You're Going My Way"
* Mana Hewitt – art, layout
* Suzy McGrane – photography
* Mark Williams – production, engineering, mixing, recording, mastering
# Eurojet Airlines

Eurojet Airlines was an airline based in France founded in 2003. It was closed on 2 January 2004 due to bankruptcy.

## Fleet

The company fleet consisted of a Boeing 737-400 (registration code F-GNAO), leased from a Swiss aircompany Avione which was later on March 4, 2004 acquired by Islandsflug.
# Robert Fine

Robert Fine (1945 – 9 June 2018) was a British sociologist. He was a leading European scholar on the history of social and political thought, cosmopolitan social theory, the social theory of Karl Marx and Hannah Arendt, the Holocaust and contemporary antisemitism, crimes against humanity and human rights. He was a Professor Emeritus at Warwick University. He died on 9 June 2018.
In 1996, he won a landmark case against a student who was stalking him, the first time anyone had won damages for being stalked and the first civil action in which a judge had defined stalking. The case was the topic of his memoir Being Stalked (1997), described by The Daily Telegraph as candid and troubling.

## Publications
### Books

* Antisemitism and the Left: On the Return of the Jewish Question (with Philip Spencer, Manchester UP 2017)
* Cosmopolitanism (Routledge Key Ideas 2007)
* Democracy and the Rule of Law: Marx's Critique of the Legal Form (Blackburn Press 2002; Pluto 1984 and 1985)
* Political Investigations: Hegel, Marx, Arendt (Routledge 2001)
* Being Stalked: A Memoir (Chatto and Windus, 1997)
* Beyond Apartheid: Labour and Liberation in South Africa (with Dennis Davis, Pluto 1990)
Edited collections include: Social Theory after the Holocaust (with Charles Turner, Liverpool University Press 2000); People, Nation and State (with Edward Mortimer, IB Tauris 1999); Civil Society: Democratic Perspectives (with Shirin M. Rai, Frank Cass 1997); Policing the Miners' Strike (with Robert Millar, Lawrence and Wishart, Cobden Press 1985); Capitalism and the Rule of Law (with Richard Kinsey, John Lea and Jock Young, Hutchinson).

### Articles

* Prof Robert D Fine(2010) 'Dehumanising the dehumanisers: reversal in human rights discourse?' Journal of Global Ethics 6 (2), 179 - 190 (1744–9626)
* Fine, R.(2010) 'Political argument and the legitimacy of international law' in Legality and legitimacy: normative and sociological approaches, Editors: Thornhill, C. and Ashenden, S. (9783832953546), Baden-Baden: Nomos
* Fine R (2009) 'Cosmopolitanism and Human Rights: Radicalism in a Global Age' Metaphilosophy 40 (1), 8 - 23
* Prof Robert D Fine(2009) 'Fighting with Phantoms: A Contribution to the Debate on Anti-semitism in Europe' Patterns Of Prejudice 43 (5), 459 - 479 (0031-322X)
* Fine, R.(2009) 'An unfinished project: Marx's critique of Hegel's philosophy of right' in Karl Marx and Contemporary Philosophy, 105 - 120, Editors: Chitty, A. and McIvor, M. (9780230222373), Basingstoke; New York: Palgrave MacMillan
Complete list of publications.
# Slavocracy

A slavocracy (from slave + -ocracy) is a society primarily ruled by a class of slaveholders, such as those in the southern United States and their confederacy during the American Civil War. The term was initially coined in the 1830s by northern abolitionists as a term of disparagement and subsequently used in wider senses, including as a term for the planter class of such a society itself. Slavocracies are also sometimes known as plantocracies, after "planter" used as a term for the owners of plantations.
A number of European colonies in the New World were largely slavocracies, usually consisting of a small European settler population relying on a predominantly West African chattel slave population as well as smaller numbers of indentured servants, both European and non-European in origin. In the Caribbean, the slaves were primarily used to produce sugar, while in North America the slaves were primarily used to produce cotton. These proslavery societies attempted to resist the abolitionist movement and subsequently relied on freed black and poor white sharecroppers for labor following abolition.
One prominent organization largely representing and collectively funded by a number of British slavocracies was the "West India Interest", which lobbied the British parliament on behalf of planters. It is credited with delaying the abolition of the slave trade from the 1790s until 1806–1808 and then delaying emancipation into the 1820s and 1830s, extracting reparations for the lost "property" in a policy known as "amelioration".
# Bala Murali

Krishna Swamy Bala Murali (born 31 May 1969) is a former Indian cricket umpire. He stood in three ODI games from 1994 to 1997.
# Commodore Mine (Queensland, Australia)

The Commodore mine is an open-pit coal mine located in Domville and Clontarf, Toowoomba Region, Queensland, Australia. The majority stake in the mine is owned by InterGen Australia.

## History

Since 2000, the engineering company Downer EDI Mining has been operating the Commodore Mine.
In September 2014, Downer EDI Mining renewed its contract to manage the mine for 5 more years for $250 million.
In September 2018, Downer EDI Mining renewed its contract to manage the mine for 5 more years for $286 million.

## Description

Situated around 200 kilometers west of Brisbane in Queensland's Surat Basin, the Commodore Mine is adjacent to the 850 mega-watt coal-fired Millmerran Power Station, to which the mine is the only source of coal fuel supply, having made its first delivery there in February 2003.
The Commodore mine employs about 50 staff onsite in total. Almost half the total workforce has been employed from the local community. The mine's geology is made up of gently folded Walloon coal measures of middle Jurassic age, dipping generally at less than three degrees. Three banded seams are visible: Kooroongarra (up to 3 metres thick), Commodore (averaging 5.2metres thick) and Bottom Rider (between 0.5metres and 0.9metres thick).
The mine operates on biodiesel fuel, and developed a system that independently verifies fugitive methane gas emissions.
By 1 January 1999, Commodore had a thermal coal resource of 177Mt. The mine produced 3.250Mt to 31 December 2005, and has roughly 3.6Mtpa production capacity.
The mine is operated by Downer EDI Mining.

## Ownership

* InterGen Australia – 53.69%
* Marubeni Corporation – 30%
* GEC – 6.31%
* EIF Group – 5%
* Tohoku Electric Power – 5%
* Franco-Nevada Corporation – Royalties

## Awards

* 2011: Premiers ClimateSmart Sustainability Award
# San Carlos Correctional Facility

San Carlos Correctional Facility (SCCF) is a maximum security facility on the campus of the Colorado Mental Health Institute in Pueblo, Colorado.
SCCF houses inmates with special needs, such as severe mental illness or severe developmental disabilities. Inmates at SCCF are temporarily transferred there from other state prisons in order to receive specialized care.