OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Electrochemical equivalent

In chemistry, the electrochemical equivalent (Eq or Z) of a chemical element is the mass of that element (in grams) transported by a specific quantity of electricity, usually expressed in grams per coulomb of electric charge. The electrochemical equivalent of an element is measured with a voltameter.

## Definition

The electrochemical equivalent of a substance is the mass of the substance deposited to one of the electrodes when a current of 1 ampere is passed for 1 second, i.e. a quantity of electricity of one coulomb is passed.
The formula for finding electrochemical equivalent is as follows:
    $Z=M/q$
where $M$ is the mass of substance and $q$ is the charge passed. Since $q=It$, where $I$ is the current applied and $t$ is time, we also have
    $Z=M/It$
Alternative formula for finding electrochemical equivalent is as follows:
    $Z=E/F$
where $E$ is the Equivalent weight of the substance and $F$ is Faraday constant

## Eq values of some elements in kg/C

| Element | Electrochemical equivalent |
| Silver (Ag) | 1.118×10^(-6) 0.00118gm/c |
| Copper (Cu) | 3.295×10^(-7) |
| Gold (Au) | 6.812×10^(-7) |
| Iron (Fe) | 2.894×10^(-7) |
| Zinc (Zn) | 3.389×10^(-7) |
| Hydrogen (H2) | 1.044×10^(-7) |
| Sodium (Na) | 2.387×10^(-7) |
| Potassium (K) | 4.055×10^(-7) |
| Oxygen (O2) | 8.28×10^(-8) |
| Aluminum (Al) | 9.36×10^(-8) |
# Mandalzade Hüsameddin

Mandalzade Hüsameddin Pasha was an Ottoman statesman and admiral. In 1770 he was decorated as commander of the Ottoman Navy.

## Career

Mandalzade Hüsameddin, a skilled sailor from the Husamaddin shipyard, rose through the ranks to become a mirmiran after his appointment in 1769. During the Russo-Turkish War in 1770, Eğribozlu İbrahim Pasha was appointed as the High Admiral. The Ottoman navy, neglected prior to his tenure, had become significantly weakened.
Russian spies, collaborating with Orthodox citizens, were dispatched to Britain to instigate an uprising against the Ottoman Empire . In support of this uprising, the Russian Navy, under the command of Admiral Grigory Spiridov set course for the Mediterranean through Gibraltar. On July 5, 1770, Pasha's fleet, led by Husamaddin, encountered Admiral Spiridov's fleet in the Husamaddin Sheep Islands area. The clash resulted in damage and fires on both sides. Despite objections from fleet commanders, Pasha Husamaddin anchored his fleet between the port of Izmir and Cesme Adası. This decision by Pasha Husamaddin on the following day, known as the Battle of Chesma, led to a significant defeat for the Ottoman navy.
On July 6, a fire boat from the British fleet entered the port of Cesme, capitalizing on the vulnerability of the British and Russian navies. Pasha Husamaddin, displaying courage, took the Ottoman navy out to the open sea to engage in battle. The Ottoman ships, anchored closely without an escape route, caught fire and were completely destroyed. Algerian Hassan Pasha, though injured, survived the ordeal. Following the war, Husamaddin Pasha was dismissed, and on October 22, 1770, Algerian Hassan Pasha was appointed as captain-Deryalığa.
# Masood Ahmed Janjua

Masood Ahmed Janjua (born; c. 1975) is a Pakistani businessman from Rawalpindi who along with his friend Faisal Faraz, a 25 year old engineer from Lahore, disappeared on 30 July 2005 while traveling from Rawalpindi to Peshawar on a bus. The whereabouts of both are unknown to date. The moment he went missing marked the initial recorded instance of enforced disappearance in Pakistan, igniting a movement in opposition to such occurrences within the country.
In October 2006, the disappearance case of Masood Janjua was taken up by judges of the Pakistan Supreme Court. Multiple individuals who had experienced enforced disappearances provided testimonies, stating that they had seen both Masood and Faisal in the detention center of Rawalpindi City, operated by ISI, Pakistan's military intelligence agency. Despite these accounts, state authorities deny their detention and claim no knowledge regarding their current location.

## Reports about death

In September 2013, the Supreme Court of Pakistan was told that Masood Janjua and Faisal Faraz had been killed in South Waziristan Agency but the reports of his death were declared as false and not viable by the Supreme Court.
# Rola Chen

Chen Yi (born May 13, 1987 in Hangzhou, Zhejiang), better known as Rola Chen, is a Chinese model and actress who works in Japan.

## Biography
### Early life

While in middle school, she was nicknamed "Flower" (花). According to Chen, in China, the most beautiful girl in a school earns this title. She describes herself as a hardcore narcissist, as she photographs herself at least 100 times within a day by using her own digital camera, while she often [intentionally] mocks herself (especially on her blog) even using vulgar words.

### Career

Rola participated in the Super Girl show and made it into the top 50, being discovered by a music producer from Japan. After a visit to Japan in October 2006, she made her debut in May 2007.
She has appeared in over 36 television programs, over 30 magazines, two radio programs, one television drama, one television commercial (for a canned coffee brand product of Asahi Soft Drinks) and released a photo book titled Rola♥Rola.
Her current noted works include her appearance in the 2008-launched NHK educational program "Chinese [language] on TV", where she has appeared as the host alongside Eiko Koike (as the student role) since March 31, 2008.
# Terry Mills (basketball)

Terry Richard Mills (born December 21, 1967) is an American former professional basketball player who played as a power forward. He was a member of the Michigan Wolverines' 1989 National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Men's Division I Basketball Championship winning team before playing over a decade in the National Basketball Association (NBA).

## College career

After a standout career at Romulus High School, Mills was named 1986 Mr. Basketball of Michigan.
Mills attended the University of Michigan where he helped the Wolverines win the 1989 NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Championship.
In January 2009, Mills participated in the 20th anniversary celebration of the 1989 National Championship team. He had recently completed his degree from Michigan and was looking to break into the coaching profession.

## PAOK

In 1990 summer, Mills signed a professional contract with P.A.O.K. BC. After several friendly games which included a home game against Maccabi Tel Aviv B.C., Mills left the club. The reason was an argument with Kostas Politis, during a training in Spain.

## NBA career

Mills was drafted in 1990 by the Milwaukee Bucks who later traded his rights to the Denver Nuggets for whom he played 17 games. Mills also played for the New Jersey Nets, Detroit Pistons, Miami Heat, and Indiana Pacers. Although he played the power forward position, Mills became known for his 3-point shooting. Legendary Piston announcer George Blaha nicknamed him "Sugar Bear" for his "sweet" shooting stroke and "Three Mills" for his on-target three-point shooting.

## Coaching career

Mills was the head coach of the International Basketball League's Macomb County Mustangs (of Center Line, Michigan) during the 2006 season.

## Personal life

He is the cousin of former NBA power forward Grant Long, and the nephew of shooting guard John Long.
He is the radio color analyst for University of Michigan Basketball on the Michigan Sports Marketing Network.
Currently residing in Michigan, he is an active participant in amateur drag racing.
# Katsimihas Brothers

Haris and Panos Katsimihas (Greek: Χάρης/Πάνος Κατσιμίχας), also known as the Katsimihas brothers (Αδελφοί Κατσιμίχα; Κατσιμίχα is the genitive case of Κατσιμίχας) or Katsimiheoi (Κατσιμιχαίοι) (born in Athens, October 1952), are two Greek singer songwriters, who for the greatest part of their music career, performed as a duet. The Katsimihas brothers are twins. Panos is 10 minutes older than Haris.

## Early life

They were born in Athens and grew up in the Agios Dimitrios and Nea Smirni area, while they spent their youth working in West Germany.
Initially, they became known from their participation in a music competition in Corfu, organised by Manos Hadjidakis in 1982, where they won the competition with the song "Μια βραδιά στο λούκι". Their first record, "Zesta Pota", was produced in 1985 by Manolis Rasoulis.

## Career

In a career spanning 40 years, the brothers have produced their own records featuring their own compositions. They have appeared live in Athens and produced records with other musicians. In 2001 Haris stopped his live performances, unlike Panos. They re-united with a concert at the Olympic Stadium.

## Discography

* 1985-Zesta Pota
* 1987-Otan sou leo portokali na vgeneis
* 1989-Aprili Psefti
* 1992-I monaxia tou Schoinovati
* 1994-Tis Agapis Machairia
* 1996-I Agelasti Politeia kai oi Kalikantzaroi
* 1997-Parallili Diskografia
* 2000-Trypies Simaies
* 2001-20 Chronia Live
* 2002-Stous Elaiones tis Agapis
* 2006-Mousiki Aftoviografia
# Jordan Farr

Jordan Farr (born October 5, 1994) is an American professional soccer player who plays as a goalkeeper for Major League Soccer club D.C. United.

## Career
### College and amateur

Farr played college soccer at Corban University between 2013 and 2017, which included a redshirted 2014 season. He made 80 appearances for the Warriors during his time at Corban.
While at college, Farr played in the USL PDL with both Charlotte Eagles and Portland Timbers U23.

### Professional

On February 2, 2018, Farr signed for United Soccer League side Indy Eleven.
Prior to the 2021 USL Championship Playoffs, San Antonio FC acquired Farr on an emergency loan following an injury to goalkeeper Matt Cardone.
Following the 2021 season, it was announced that Farr's contract option was declined by Indy Eleven.
On January 26, 2022, Farr signed with San Antonio FC. On May 12, 2022, Farr was named USL Championship player of the month for April 2022 due to a league high 18 saves and 4 shutouts throughout the month. On November 8, 2022, Farr was named 2022 USL Championship Goalkeeper of the Year.
Farr signed with the Tampa Bay Rowdies on January 22, 2024. Farr and the Rowdies advanced to the Eastern Conference Semifinals, losing to Charleston Battery 2–1.
On November 20, 2024, it was announced that Farr would sign with Major League Soccer's D.C. United on a two-year deal.

## Career statistics

    As of 20 November 2024
Appearances and goals by club, season and competition :
| Club | Season | League | League | League | Playoffs | Playoffs | Cup | Cup | Continental | Continental | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Indy Eleven | 2019 | USL Championship | 9 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 2 | 0 | — | — | 14 | 0 |
| Indy Eleven | 2020 | USL Championship | 1 | 0 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | 0 |
| Indy Eleven | 2021 | USL Championship | 21 | 0 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 21 | 0 |
| Indy Eleven | Total | Total | 31 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 2 | 0 | — | — | 36 | 0 |
| San Antonio FC | 2021 | USL Championship | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | — | — | — | — | 3 | 0 |
| San Antonio FC | 2022 | USL Championship | 31 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 2 | 0 | — | — | 36 | 0 |
| San Antonio FC | 2023 | USL Championship | 28 | 0 | — | — | 1 | 0 | — | — | 29 | 0 |
| San Antonio FC | Total | Total | 59 | 0 | 6 | 0 | 3 | 0 | — | — | 68 | 0 |
| Tampa Bay Rowdies | 2024 | USL Championship | 32 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | — | — | 36 | 0 |
| Tampa Bay Rowdies | Total | Total | 32 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | — | — | 36 | 0 |
| D.C. United | 2025 | Major League Soccer | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | 0 | 0 |
| D.C. United | Total | Total | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | 0 | 0 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 90 | 0 | 9 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 104 | 0 |

## Honors

San Antonio FC
* USL Championship (regular season): 2022
* USL Championship Final: 2022
Individual
* USL Championship All League First Team: 2022
* USL Championship Goalkeeper of the Year: 2022

## Personal

In February 2023, Farr appeared in a commercial for Old Trapper Beef Jerky.
# Egoboo

Egoboo /ˈiːɡoʊbuː/ is a colloquial expression for the pleasure received from public recognition of voluntary work.
The term was in use in science fiction fandom as early as 1947, when it was used (spelled "ego boo") in a letter from Rick Sneary published in the letter column of Thrilling Wonder Stories. It was originally simply used to describe the "ego boost" someone feels on seeing their name in print. As a reliable way for someone to get their name in print was to do something worth mentioning, it became caught up with the idea of voluntary community participation. As a result of this, in later years, the term grew to mean something akin to an ephemeral currency, e.g., "I got a lot of egoboo for editing that newsletter."
The term later spread into the open source programming movement, where the concept of non-monetary reward from community response is a key motivator for many of the participants.
As a result of its prevalence in this context, it is often attributed to Eric S. Raymond. However, it has been in use in science fiction fandom since 1947 or earlier, being referenced in the 1959 collection of fandom-related jargon Fancyclopedia II. It did not, however, occur in the 1944 predecessor to that work, Fancyclopedia I, suggesting the term came into common use sometime in the intervening years. The first print citation available electronically is in a 1950 issue of Lee Hoffman's Quandry, where it is spelled "ego-boo"; later usage dropped the hyphen and blended the two words, a common feature of fannish jargon.
The earliest online citation recorded is a reference to it being used in 1982, describing InConJunction, a science fiction convention in Indiana; the high proportion of science fiction fans on Usenet, and the Internet generally, in early years helped spread it into the wider computing community.
# Aleksei Goryushkin

Aleksei Aleksandrovich Goryushkin (Russian: Алексей Александрович Горюшкин; born 19 September 1988) is a Russian professional football player who plays for FC Dynamo Kirov.

## Club career

He made his Russian Football National League debut for FC Tekstilshchik Ivanovo on 7 July 2019 in a game against FC Yenisey Krasnoyarsk.
# Booting process of Windows

The booting process of Microsoft Windows varies between different releases.

## DOS-based Windows
### Windows 1.x/2.x

In Windows versions 1.01 to Windows 2.11, the system was loaded when WIN.COM was executed within MS-DOS. It then loaded WIN100.BIN or WIN200.BIN and WIN100.OVL or WIN200.OVL, along with the configuration settings file WIN.INI. The default shell is the MS-DOS Executive.
The modules GDI.EXE, KERNEL.EXE and USER.EXE, fonts, and the various device drivers (such as COMM.DRV, MOUSE.DRV, KEYBOARD.DRV) are incorporated in WIN100.BIN/WIN200.BIN and WIN100.OVL/WIN200.OVL.

### Windows 3.x/9x

In Windows 3.x and 95/98/ME, the boot loader phase is handled by MS-DOS. During the boot phase, CONFIG.SYS and AUTOEXEC.BAT are executed, along with the configuration settings files WIN.INI and SYSTEM.INI. Virtual device drivers are also loaded in the startup process: they are most commonly loaded from the registry (HKLM\System\CurrentControlSet\Services\VxD) or from the SYSTEM.INI file.
MS-DOS starts WIN.COM. In Windows 3.x, the WIN.COM starts KRNL286.EXE (standard mode) or KRNL386.EXE (386 enhanced mode). In Windows 9x, the WIN.COM starts VMM32.VXD.
When all system configuration files and device drivers have been loaded, the 16-bit modules, KRNL386.EXE, GDI.EXE, and USER.EXE, are loaded, then the 32-bit DLLs (KERNEL32.DLL, GDI32.DLL, and USER32.DLL) are loaded. The 32-bit VxD message server (MSGSRV32) starts MPREXE.EXE, which is responsible for loading the network logon client (such as Client for Microsoft Networks, Microsoft Family Logon or Windows Logon).
When a user is logging on to Windows, the startup sound is played, the shell (usually EXPLORER.EXE) is loaded from the [boot] section of the SYSTEM.INI file, and startup items are loaded.
In all versions of Windows 9x except ME, it is also possible to load Windows by booting to a DOS prompt and typing "win". There are some command line switches that can be used with the WIN command: with the /D switch, Windows boots to safe mode, and with the /D:n switch, Windows boots to safe mode with networking. The latter switch only works properly with Windows 95. In Windows 3.1, additional options are available, such as /3, which starts Windows in 386 enhanced mode, and /S, which starts Windows in standard mode
A startup sound was first added in Windows 3.0 after installing the Multimedia Extensions (MME), but not enabled by default until Windows 3.1.

## Windows NT

In Windows NT, the booting process is initiated by NTLDR in versions before Vista and the Windows Boot Manager (BOOTMGR) in Vista and later. The boot loader is responsible for accessing the file system on the boot drive, starting ntoskrnl.exe, and loading boot-time device drivers into memory. Once all the boot and system drivers have been loaded, the kernel starts the session manager (smss.exe), which begins the login process. After the user has successfully logged into the machine, winlogon applies User and Computer Group Policy setting and runs startup programs declared in the Windows Registry and in "Startup" folders.
# Anders Eriksson (footballer)

Anders Eriksson (born 19 April 1965) is a Finnish former football player. He played as a defender, and was capped 15 times for Finland scoring one goal.
Eriksson played for FF Jaro, KPV, RoPS and FC Inter at the first tier in Finland. He also played in the Norwegian First Division with Bryne and Lyn, and in Allsvenskan with Östers IF. Eriksson played for Lyn in the 1994 Norwegian Football Cup final, and became the first Finnish player to play in a Norwegian Football Cup final.
# Ageeth Boomgaardt

Ageeth Boomgaardt (born 15 November 1972) is a Dutch former field hockey defender, who played 192 international matches for the Netherlands, in which she scored 86 goals. She made her debut on 27 January 1996 in a friendly match against the United States.
# Kunju Daivam

Kunju Daivam is an Indian Malayalam film written and directed Jeo Baby, starring Adish Praveen, Joju George, Reina Maria, Sidhartha Siva as lead characters. Kunju Daivam' was last in the news when its lead Adish Praveen won the National Film Award for Best Child Artist. The film was produced by Nasib B R and Sanu S Nair under the banner of Ocean Pictures. It's Jeo Baby' second project in Malayalam as a director after 2 Penkuttikal. An ode to the age of innocence, Kunju Daivam tells the story of a spirited boy and his little world full of miracles. Mathews Pulickan has composed the soundtrack and background score for the film. The film was released theatrically on 16 February 2018.

## Plot

A little boy who dreads of math homeworks, dreads exams and believes that God will save him from all his problems, Ouseppachan is the 'head' of his small family in the absence of his father, who works abroad. A God-fearing boy, who never misses a Mass, he regularly prays to God to make him taller, help him win the online game 'Criminal Case' and make his math teacher fall from his bike or wouldn't mind praying to God for somebody's death so that he doesn't have to attend school. Most of his prayers somehow happen, much to his joy. Once, he prays to God to let someone die so that he could bunk school, but it is his grandfather, to whom he is quite close, who passes away. Overpowered by grief and guilt thinking that it was his prayers that caused the death, Ouseppachan decides to redeem himself by saving someone from death - not only through prayers, but also by the virtue of his deeds. That's when a girl with double kidney failure, Katha Jeevan, comes into his life. He tries everything to receive funds for treatment even steal money from his mother's wallet. Finally he finds Shibu who acts as a kidney donor to Kadha. The movie stresses on the theme that divinity is innocence itself.
An ode to the age of innocence, Kunju Daivam tells the story of a spirited boy and his little world full of miracles.

## Cast

* Adish Praveen as Joseph / Ousepachan
* Joju George as Shibu
* Shyambhavi Suresh as Kadha Jeevan
* Reina Maria as Kadha's Mother
* Sidhartha Siva as Parish Priest
* Prasanth Philip Alexander as Jobychan
* Pauly Valsan as Shibu's Mother
* Soolapani as Grand Father / Varkey Mathew
* Sreeja Thalanadu as Ancy
* Sheeba Prasanth as Nun
* Sajeev Nair as Maths Teacher
* Noby Thalanadu as Jose
* Anna Jinu Vallanattu as Annakutty
* Blessan Liju Vallanattu as Joseph's Friend
* Cristy Sajan Vallanattu as Joseph's Friend

## Music

The music of the film was composed by Mathews Pulickan. Lyrics were written by Linku Abraham, Vishal Johnson and Jeo Baby and the songs were sung by Sarah Rose Joseph, Sangeetha Sreekanth and Mathews Pulickan.

## Awards

The film is competing at the 51st World Film Festival, Houston, and has been nominated for this year's Remi Award. It was also selected for the 20th International Children's Film Festival of India and the Busan Kids and Youth Film Festival, South Korea. The movie had made Adish Praveen, the main character to win the best child actor national award for the year
# 2025 Nevada Wolf Pack football team

The 2025 Nevada Wolf Pack football team will represent the University of Nevada, Reno in the Mountain West Conference during the 2025 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The Wolf Pack are expected to be led by Jeff Choate in his second year as the head coach. The Wolf Pack play their home games at Mackay Stadium, located in Reno, Nevada.

## Offseason
### Transfers
#### Outgoing

| Player | Position | Destination |
| Tyson Ruffins | OL | California |
| Drue Watts | LB | Memphis |
| Brendon Lewis | QB | Memphis |
| Isaiah World | OL | Oregon |
| Josiah Timoteo | OL | Oregon State |
| Chad Brown | DB | Purdue |
| KK Meier | S | UTSA |
| Michael Coats Jr. | DB | West Virginia |
| Cortez Braham Jr. | WR | Unknown |
| Kitione Tau | DL | Unknown |
| Henry Ikahihifo | DL | Unknown |
| Keyshawn Cobb | S | Unknown |
| Tori Daffin | DB | Unknown |
| Devin Gunter | DB | Unknown |
| Ike Nnakenyi | DE | Unknown |
| Jonah Lewis | DB | Unknown |
| Luke Farr | OL | Unknown |
| Carter Jula | P | Unknown |
| Mackavelli Malotumau | DL | Unknown |
| Tooni Ikahihifo Jr. | DB | Unknown |
| Sean Dollars | RB | Withdrawn |
| Chubba Purdy | QB | Withdrawn |

#### Incoming

| Player | Position | Previous school |
| Johnathan Correa | DL | American River CC |
| Bryce Echols | DL | Arizona |
| Ed Rhambo | DB | Bowling Green |
| Bryson Snelling | DB | Butte CC |
| Jeremiah Beck | TE | Chaffey CC |
| Hayden McDonald | S | Columbia |
| Jett Carpenter | TE | Eastern Washington |
| Jack Foster | OL | Idaho |
| Nahji Logan | LB | Indiana |
| Nick Rempert | WR | North Texas |
| Luke McEndoo | RB | Oklahoma State |
| Hadine Diaby | OL | Tennessee State |
| Jordan Brown | WR | Texas Tech |
| Herschel Turner | RB | Utah State |
| Logologo Va'a | DL | UTEP |
| Aj Odums | DB | UTEP |
| Zavien Abercrombie | DB | Weber State |

## Schedule

| Date | Opponent | Site |
| August 30 | at Penn State* | Beaver StadiumUniversity Park, PA |
| September 6 | Sacramento State* | Mackay StadiumReno, NV |
| September 13 | Middle Tennessee* | Mackay StadiumReno, NV |
| September 20 | at Western Kentucky* | Houchens Industries–L. T. Smith StadiumBowling Green, KY |
| October 4 | at Fresno State | Valley Children's StadiumFresno, CA |
| October 11 | San Diego State | Mackay StadiumReno, NV |
| October 18 | at New Mexico | University StadiumAlbuquerque, NM |
| October 25 | Boise State | Mackay StadiumReno, NV (rivalry) |
| November 8 | at Utah State | Maverik StadiumLogan, UT |
| November 15 | San Jose State | Mackay StadiumReno, NV |
| November 22 | at Wyoming | War Memorial StadiumLaramie, WY |
| November 29 | UNLV | Mackay StadiumReno, NV (Fremont Cannon) |
| *Non-conference game ||||
# Fyodor Metelkov

Fyodor Metelkov (4 July 1934 – March 2013) was a Russian equestrian. He competed in the individual jumping event at the 1960 Summer Olympics.