# Black, Starr & Frost

Black, Starr & Frost, previously known as Marquand and Co, is an American jewelry company. Founded in 1810 as Marquand and Co., the company is the oldest continuously operating jewelry firm in the United States. The company has acted as a retailer, rather than manufacturer, for most of its history.

## History

Marquand and Co. was founded in 1804 by Connecticut silversmith Isaac Marquand. In 1820, Isaac's son Frederick moved to Savannah, Georgia with his cousin, Josiah Penfield, to open their own silversmith trade. However, the two left Savannah in 1824, with Frederick taking over the flourishing Marquand and Co. from his father. The company was headquartered at 166 Broadway, and over time became regarded as "the principal jewelers in the country," as stated in the obituary of Tiffany and Co. secretary Edward C. Moore.
Throughout their history, Marquand and Co. created silver products, including helmet-shaped gravy boats from 1833-39, as well as full-service tea sets. Frederick a, according to a contemporaneous article in the New York Times, was "the most prominent jeweler in the city." Many of their pieces are in the collections of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, as well as Savannah's Telfair Museums.
Henry Marquand, an original trustee of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, briefly worked for the company before working on Wall Street in investment banking. Henry was the second President of the Metropolitan Museum, and bequeathed Old Master paintings to the collection.
Frederick Marquand, after serving as the President of Marquand and Company, sold the business in 1838 to former apprentices William Black and Henry Ball. The firm soon took the name Black, Ball, and Co. Frederick was later instrumental in the foundation of noted special collections institution Pequot Library.
In 1839, the company was purchased by Henry Ball, Erasmus Tompkins, and William Black, and renamed Ball, Tompkins & Black until 1851 when it became Ball, Black & Company. Under the latter name, the firm opened a store at the intersection of Broadway and Prince Street in New York City in 1860.
In 1876 it acquired its current name, Black, Starr & Frost, when new partners Cortlandt Starr and Aaron Frost joined the firm. In 1929 it merged with the Gorham Manufacturing Company to become Black, Starr & Frost — Gorham. They opened for business in a remodeled building at Fifth Avenue and 48th Street on October 30, 1929. The name was eventually styled as Black Starr Frost Gorham, but reverted to Black, Starr & Frost in 1960.
During the mid-to-late 19th century and the Gilded Age, Black, Starr & Frost became known for serving some prominent American families, including the Rockefellers, Vanderbilts, Carnegies, and Guggenheims.

## Timeline

1804: Marquand and Co. is founded by Isaac Marquand
1820: Frederick Marquand brings operations to Savannah, Georgia
1838: Frederick Marquand sells Marquand and Co. to former apprentices William Black and Henry Ball
1851: Black, Starr & Frost's pure gold four-piece tea service displayed at the London Crystal Palace Exhibition.
1859: Black, Starr & Frost provided more than $100,000 in pearls and diamonds to the bride Frances Amelia Bartlett as a gift from the groom Don Esteban Santa Cruz de Oviedo in the “Diamond Wedding” at St. Patrick's Cathedral.
1860: The Company received an order for more than $12,000 of jewelry and silverware from Edward, Prince of Wales.
1860: Built a shop on Broadway and Prince Street. The first fireproof building in New York, it was constructed of white marble, and in its vaults the modern safe deposit system was fashioned.
1863: Created the Gillmore Medal, the inspiration for the first Congressional Medal of Honor. Medal, created by Ball, Black & Co., was issued on October 28, 1863, by Major General Quincy A. Gillmore, Commander of Union troops. Given to those who served during the Fort Sumter battle, the medal was among the first to recognize honor on the battlefield. Only about 400 were issued.
1863: The company created the Kearny Cross for acts of valor during war.
1865: Mary Todd Lincoln owed $64,000 to the firm at the time her husband was assassinated, which represents $11 million today.
1876: Cortlandt Starr and Aaron Frost joined the company, which officially became known as Black, Starr & Frost.
1876: Black, Starr & Frost built the first apartment building and jewelry salon on 28th Street and Fifth Avenue.
1911: Black, Starr & Frost made the key for the ceremonial opening of the New York Public Library.
1912: The C.T. Cook residence on Fifth Avenue and 48th Street was converted into the new home of Black, Starr & Frost. Not until the 1920s did other jewelers and diamond dealers join Black, Starr & Frost in this part of the city, which is recognized today as New York City's “Diamond District.”
1915: The auto racing trophy known as the Astor Cup, was created by Black, Starr & Frost.
1917: Black, Starr & Frost sold a diamond necklace for $200,000 to stage star Peggy Hopkins Joyce, the inspiration for Lorelei Lee in the 1925 novel Gentlemen Prefer Blondes.
1921: Designed and produced the silver platter for the Davis Cup for the U.S. Lawn Tennis Association.
1928: Sold the 127-carat Portuguese Diamond for $373,000 to Hopkins Joyce.
1929: Black, Starr & Frost merged with Gorham Corporation, and was renamed Black, Starr, Frost-Gorham.
1939: Displayed two jewel-encrusted Mystery Clocks – the only square-faced Mystery Clock in the world and the “Tree of Knowledge of Good and Evil” clock – at the New York World's Fair. Black Starr & Frost was one of five jewelers invited to exhibit at the New York World's Fair that year.
1962: Marcus and Company acquired Black, Starr, Frost-Gorham, and restored the name to Black, Starr & Frost.
1962: Black, Starr & Frost purchased Cartier USA.
1972: Kay Jewelers acquired Black, Starr & Frost and expanded to 33 locations.
1986: New York's The Plaza Hotel became home to another Black, Starr & Frost jewelry salon.
1990: Sterling Inc. acquired Kay Jewelers and Black, Starr & Frost.
1991: Paul Lam, Costa Mesa, California, acquired Black, Starr & Frost.
2006: The Molina Group acquired Black, Starr & Frost and relocated its headquarters to Phoenix. Since then, Alfredo J. Molina has served as chairman and CEO.
2012: Black, Starr & Frost sold the Archduke Joseph Diamond, a 76-carat, D-color, internally flawless diamond, the largest D color internally flawless Golconda diamond in the world for $21.5 million at Christie's Geneva Magnificent Jewels auction, setting three world records for the sale of a colorless diamond.
2014: Chairman Alfredo J. Molina publishes 1810: Celebrating Two Centuries of American Luxury.
2015: Black, Starr & Frost designed and crafted The Empress: A $4.5 million necklace which features 30 untreated Burmese sapphires totaling 11.9 carats; 34 oval diamonds, weighing 10.56 carats; and 404 round diamonds totaling 82.61 carats – all set in platinum.