# Gairdner Foundation

The Gairdner Foundation is a non-profit organization dedicated to recognizing and celebrating outstanding achievements in biomedical research and global health. Since 1957, the Gairdner Foundation has been awarding scientists and researchers around the world with the Canada Gairdner Awards. Over the decades, these awards have become renowned as one of the most prestigious honors in the world for medical research, often recognized as a precursor to the Nobel Prize.
With over 426 awards presented to laureates from 40 countries—102 of whom have gone on to receive Nobel Prizes—the Gairdner Awards highlight groundbreaking discoveries that have transformed human health, including CRISPR gene editing, DNA replication, and the Human Genome Project.

## History

The Gairdner Foundation was created in 1957 by James Arthur Gairdner (1893-1971). Known as Big Jim to his grandchildren, he was, indeed, a larger than life figure. Described by his friends as a talented maverick and visionary, Gairdner was a colorful personality who lived large. He was, by turns, an athlete, a soldier, a stockbroker, a businessman, a philanthropist and a landscape painter. When he died, he left his private estate to the Town of Oakville as an art gallery, which still operates today.
While he had always had an interest in medicine, it was the onset of severe arthritis in his early 50s that led Gairdner to become involved with the newly created Canadian Arthritis and Rheumatism Society. In 1957 he donated $500,000 to establish a foundation to recognize major research contributions in the conquest of disease and human suffering. The Gairdner Foundation was thus born, which was to be his most lasting legacy.

## Awards

There are three types of Canada Gairdner Awards:
Five Canada Gairdner International Awards are awarded annually. The Canada Gairdner International Award recognizes outstanding researchers whose unique scientific contributions have increased the understanding of human biology and disease.
One John Dirks Canada Gairdner Global Health Award is awarded annually. The Global Health Award recognizes the world’s leading researchers who have used rational, scientifically based research to improve the wellbeing of those facing health inequalities worldwide. While a single significant scientific discovery would continue to be sufficient evidence to select a nominee, the Award will also recognize outstanding researchers who apply rational scientific approaches to successful implementation, evaluation and policy interventions.
The Canada Gairdner Momentum Award annually recognizes two mid-career investigators (typically 10-15 years past their first independent research appointment) working in Canada who in their last six active years have produced exceptional scientific research contributions with continued potential for impact on human health.
The Canada Gairdner Awards are supported by the governments of Canada, Alberta, Quebec and Ontario. In February 2008 the Federal Government announced a $20 million allocation to the Gairdner Foundation to increase the prizes to $100,000 each, and institute a new individual prize in Global Health. Commencing in 2009, the Awards have been renamed the Canada Gairdner International Awards.
The Canada Gairdner Wightman Award, reserved for a Canadian scientist showcasing scientific excellence and leadership, is currently on hiatus.

## Board of directors

A 14-member Board of Directors consisting of three members of the Gairdner family and twelve leading figures in Canadian business and scientific life oversee the work of the Foundation. The Directors provide logistical support to the Medical Review Panel and the Medical Advisory Board, and are also engaged in fundraising for the Foundation and planning for its future growth.

## Awards Adjudication Committees

The Gairdner reputation rests squarely on the outstanding quality of its adjudication process. The model for adjudication that James Gairdner outlined in 1957 remains essentially intact.
The nominations for the Canada Gairdner International Awards go through a two-stage adjudication process. The first assessment is done by a group of over 30 leading scientists from across Canada. They select a short list of approximately 20 candidates, which is then given to The Medical Advisory Board (MAB), composed of 24 Canadian and international scientists. Each January, the MAB meets in Toronto to review the nominations submitted by the Medical Review Panel. After an in-depth study and lengthy discussion of each nominee, comparing their work with others in their respective field, secret ballots are cast and the five annual winners chosen.
The Canada Gairdner Global Health Award was initiated in 2009 – when Gairdner received a $20 million allocation from the Government of Canada – and it quickly became the most important award in the field. The winners are selected by the Global Health Advisory Committee, a group of 12 domestic and international scientists. After a comprehensive evaluation process, the committee selects an eventual winner from the pool of submitted nominations through a secret ballot.

## Gairdner Connects

Each October, as part of the Gairdner's mandate to communicate the work of medical researchers to others, the most recent Canada Gairdner awardees, along with awardees from years past, visit universities across Canada to provide academic lectures on their various areas of expertise.