# Massif

A massif (/mæˈsiːf, ˈmæsɪf/) is a principal mountain mass, such as a compact portion of a mountain range, containing one or more summits (e.g. France's Massif Central). In mountaineering literature, a massif is frequently used to denote the main mass of an individual mountain.
As a purely scientific term in geology, however, a "massif" is separately and more specifically defined as a section of a planet's crust that is demarcated by faults or flexures. In the movement of the crust, a massif tends to retain its internal structure while being displaced as a whole. A massif is a smaller structural unit than a tectonic plate and is considered the fourth-largest driving force in geomorphology.
The word "massif" originates from French (in which the word also means "massive"), where it is used to refer to a large mountain mass or compact group of connected mountains forming an independent portion of a range. The Face on Mars is an example of an extraterrestrial massif. Massifs may also form underwater, as with the Atlantis Massif.

## List
### Africa

* Adrar des Ifoghas – Mali
* Aïr Massif – Niger
* Ambohiby Massif – Madagascar
* Benna Massif – Guinea
* Bongo Massif – Central African Republic
* Ennedi Plateau – Chad
* Kilimanjaro Massif – Kenya–Tanzania
* Oban Massif – Nigeria
* Marojejy Massif – Madagascar
* Mulanje Massif – Malawi
* Virunga Massif – Uganda–Rwanda–DR Congo
* Waterberg Biosphere – South Africa

#### Algeria

* Collo Massif
* Edough Massif
* Khachna Massif

### Antarctica

* Borg Massif
* Craddock Massif
* Cumpston Massif
* Vinson Massif
* Otway Massif

### Asia

* Annapurna – Nepal
* Bromo-Tengger-Semeru – Indonesia
* Chu Pong Massif – Vietnam
* Dhaulagiri – Nepal
* Gasherbrum – China-Pakistan
* Kangchenjunga – Nepal–India
* Knuckles Massif – Sri Lanka
* Kondyor Massif – Russia
* Kugitangtau Ridge – Turkmenistan
* Kumgangsan – North Korea
* Logar ultrabasite massif – Afghanistan
* Mount Ararat – Turkey
* Mount Everest massif (including Lhotse) – Nepal–Tibet (China)
* Mount Kinabalu – Malaysia
* Mount Tomuraushi – Japan
* Nanga Parbat – Pakistan

#### India

* Bundelkhand
* Nun Kun
* Panchchuli
* Shillong

#### Iran

* Dena
* Hazaran
* Kheru-Naru (Chekel)
* Kholeno
* Mount Damavand
* Sabalan
* Takht-e Suleyman Massif
* Zard-Kuh

#### Kazakhstan

* Degelen
* Kokshetau Massif
* Mount Ku
* Myrzhyk
* Semizbughy

### Europe

* Aarmassif – Switzerland
* Ardennes Massif – France–Belgium–Luxembourg
* Åreskutan – Sweden
* Arlberg – Austria
* Bohemian Massif – Czech Republic
* Ceahlău Massif – Romania
* Gotthard Massif – Switzerland
* Hesperian Massif – Iberian Peninsula
* Jungfrau Massif – Switzerland
* Mangerton Mountain – Ireland
* Montgris – Spain
* Montserrat – Spain
* Mont Blanc massif – Italy–France–Switzerland
* Rhenish Massif – Germany, Belgium, Luxembourg and France
* Rila – Rhodope Massif – Bulgaria–Greece
* Troodos – Cyprus
* Untersberg – Germany–Austria
* Vitosha Massif – Bulgaria

#### France

* Alpilles
* Aravis Range
* Armorican Massif
* Bauges Massif
* Beaufortain Massif
* Belledonne massif
* Bornes Massif
* Calanques Massif
* Cerces Massif
* Chablais Massif
* Chartreuse Massif
* Dévoluy Mountains
* Massif des Écrins
* Jura Mountains
* Lauzière massif
* Luberon
* Massif Central
* Massif de l'Esterel
* Massif du Mercantour-Argentera
* Monte Cinto massif
* Taillefer Massif
* Queyras Massif
* Vanoise Massif
* Vercors Plateau
* Vosges Mountains

#### Italy

* Gran Sasso d'Italia
* Grappa Massif
* Massiccio del Matese
* Massiccio del Pollino
* Monte Ermada
* Sila Massif
* Speikboden (South Tyrol)

#### United Kingdom

* Ben Nevis massif
* Cornubian Massif
* Long Mynd
* Snowdon Massif
* Ben Klibreck
* Cairngorms massifs

### North America
#### Canada

* Laurentian Massif
* Le Massif de Charlevoix
* Mount Logan
* Mount Cayley
* Level Mountain
* Mount Edziza
* Mount Meager massif
* Mount Septimus

#### United States

* Adirondack Massif
* Denali
* Grandfather Mountain
* Mount Juneau
* Mount Katahdin
* Mount Le Conte
* Mount Shuksan
* Mount Timpanogos
* Shenandoah
* French Broad
* Teton Range

### Oceania

* Big Ben – Heard Island
* Ahipara Gumfields – New Zealand

### Caribbean

* Massif de la Hotte – Haiti
* Valle Nuevo Massif – Dominican Republic

### Central America

* Cerro Chirripo – Costa Rica

### South America

* Brasilia Massif – Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay, Uruguay.
* Neblina Massif – Venezuela–Brazil
* Colombian Massif – Colombia
* North Patagonian Massif – Argentina
* Deseado Massif – Argentina

### Submerged

* Atlantis Massif – part of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge in the North Atlantic Ocean
* Tamu Massif — the largest volcano on Earth