OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ryotaro Ishida

Ryotaro Ishida (石田 凌太郎, Ishida Ryotaro, born December 13, 2001) is a Japanese footballer who plays as a winger or right back for J2 League club Tochigi SC, on loan from Nagoya Grampus.

## Career

Ishida was born in Aichi Prefecture on December 13, 2001. He joined J1 League club Nagoya Grampus from youth team in 2018. On August 22, he debuted against Sanfrecce Hiroshima in Emperor's Cup.

## Club statistics

    As of 14 March 2024.
Appearances and goals by club, season and competition :
| Club | Season | League | League | League | Cup | Cup | League Cup | League Cup | Other | Other | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Japan | Japan | Japan | League | League | Emperor's Cup | Emperor's Cup | J.League Cup | J.League Cup | Other | Other | Total | Total |
| Nagoya Grampus | 2018 | J1 League | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | – | – | 1 | 0 |
| Nagoya Grampus | 2020 | J1 League | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | – | – | 9 | 0 |
| Nagoya Grampus | 2021 | J1 League | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 3 | 1 |
| Nagoya Grampus | 2022 | J1 League | 8 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 5 | 0 | – | – | 15 | 0 |
| Nagoya Grampus | 2023 | J1 League | 4 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 5 | 1 | – | – | 10 | 1 |
| Nagoya Grampus | Total | Total | 19 | 0 | 5 | 1 | 12 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 38 | 2 |
| Tokushima Vortis (loan) | 2022 | J2 League | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | – | – | – | – | 0 | 0 |
| Tochigi SC (loan) | 2023 | J2 League | 16 | 0 | 0 | 0 | – | – | – | – | 16 | 0 |
| Tochigi SC (loan) | 2024 | J2 League | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | – | – | 3 | 0 |
| Tochigi SC (loan) | Total | Total | 19 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 19 | 0 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 38 | 0 | 5 | 1 | 12 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 57 | 2 |
* ↑ Appearances in the AFC Champions League
# Ida Lewis Rock Light

Ida Lewis Lighthouse, which was formerly the Lime Rock Lighthouse, is in the Newport harbor in Rhode Island. It is named after Ida Lewis, who lived and worked at the lighthouse from 1857 and was the official lighthouse keeper from 1879 until her death in 1911. She was celebrated for many acts of bravery in saving lives.

## History

In 1853, Congress authorized the construction of a lighthouse on Lime Rock in Newport harbor. Lime Rock is a limestone ledge about 220 yards (200 m) from the shore. The original lighthouse was a short stone tower with a 6th order Fresnel lens and an oil-burning lantern. The light was commissioned in 1854. In the beginning, the lighthouse keeper rowed from the shore daily to tend the light. In case of foul weather, the lighthouse keeper could stay in a small wooden shanty.
The first lighthouse keeper was James Stockbridge Lewis, who had assisted in its construction. After six months, Hosea Lewis, who was the father of James Lewis and a retired pilot, was appointed keeper. In 1857, a two-story house was built for the lighthouse keeper. Lewis and his family moved to the small island in 1857.
A few months after he moved to the island, he suffered a stroke. His wife, Ida Zordia Lewis and her children tended the light. Their eldest daughter, who was also named Ida Lewis, did much of the work. After her mother died, she was officially appointed lighthouse keeper from 1879 to 1911. The island and the lighthouse were named for Ida Lewis in 1924.
The last lighthouse keeper was Evard Jansen. He remained until the light was automated in 1927. The original light was replaced with an automated, acetylene light on a skeleton tower. It was deactivated in 1963.
The original Fresnel lens is on display at the Museum of Newport History. The lighthouse is maintained as the clubhouse of the Ida Lewis Yacht Club. They have a light as a private aid during part of the year.
The Ida Lewis Lighthouse is on the National Register of Historic Places, No. 87001700.
# BMW 139

The BMW 139 was an experimental 14-cylinder two-row radial engine developed by BMW in 1935. The purpose of the engine was to power the Focke-Wulf Fw 190, however it only saw use in the prototype Focke-Wulf Fw-190 V1. It had a displacement of 55.4 L (3,380.4 cubic inches) and produced 1,529 horsepower.

## Design and development

In 1929, BMW acquired a license to produce the 9-cylinder Pratt & Whitney R-1690 Hornet as the BMW 114. From there the design underwent several improvements by the German maker, including direct fuel injection, an improved cylinder design, a higher compression ratio, a stronger crankshaft, and a new supercharger. This updated design would go into production as the BMW 132.
The BMW 139 was an attempt to join two of these BMW 132 engines to produce a 14-cylinder engine for a ministerial competition to compete with a design by Siemens-Bramo. However, Bramo was bought out by BMW and the two projects were merged. The 139 was initially intended to be used in similar roles as smaller engines such as the Daimler-Benz DB 601 and Junkers Jumo 211, but it was suggested by Kurt Tank, the engine's designer, that it be used in the Fw 190 project. While radial engines were rare in land-based fighters due to their large size causing increased drag, Tank believed it could be streamlined to minimize this downside.
However, by the time the Fw 190 went into production, the Focke-Wulf's designers believed the BMW 139 was outdated, leading to a redesign dubbed the BMW 801. While the BMW 801 was heavier and longer, increasing the weight of the Fw 190 and requiring a larger wingspan, it had a slightly higher horsepower of 1,600 and more potential for growth.

## Use in testing

The only actual use of the BMW 139 was in the first four prototypes of the Focke-Wulf 190, designated Fw 190 V1, V2, V3, and V4. Kurt Tank, also the designer of the Focke-Wulf, believed a radial engine would be the best choice for the new fighter for three main reasons. First, an air-cooled radial engine would be less vulnerable than a liquid-cooled engine because of the fragility of liquid cooling systems when hit by enemy fire. Second, despite its larger size and greater weight, it offered more power and suffered less drag penalties than a liquid-cooled engine. Lastly, the use of a radial engine would place less stress on the production lines already taken up by the production of the Daimler-Benz DB 601 and Junkers Jumo 211.
The first test flight of the Fw 190 V1 using the BMW 139 took place on June 1, 1939. During the flight, the air cooling system through the small central orifice of the engine cowling proved to be inadequate. This would be one of the reasons for its replacement with the BMW 801 after only two flights.
# Abwehrflammenwerfer 42

The Abwehrflammenwerfer 42 was a German static defensive flamethrower, flame fougasse or flame mine used during the Second World War. The design was copied from Russian FOG-1 mines that were encountered in 1941 during Operation Barbarossa. These were usually buried at intervals of 11 to 27 metres (12 to 30 yd) covering road blocks, landing beaches, harbour walls and other obstacles. They were normally mixed in with other mines or emplaced behind barbed wire and could be command detonated or triggered by tripwires or other devices.
The mine consisted of a large fuel cylinder 53 centimetres (21 in) high and 30 centimetres (12 in) with a capacity of 29.5 litres (6.5 imp gal; 7.8 US gal) containing a black viscid liquid; a mix of light, medium, and heavy oils. A second, smaller cylinder, 67 millimetres (2.6 in) in diameter and 25 centimetres (9.8 in) high, was mounted on top of the fuel cylinder; it contained the propellant powder, which was normally either black powder or a mixture of nitrocellulose and diethylene glycol dinitrate. A flame tube was fixed centrally on top of the fuel cylinder, it was a 50 millimetres (2.0 in) diameter pipe that rose from the centre of the fuel cylinder and curved to extend horizontally approximately 50 centimetres (20 in). When the mine was buried, only the flame tube was normally above ground.
When the mine was triggered, a squib charge ignited the propellant, creating a burst of hot gas which forced the fuel from the main cylinder and out of the flame tube. A second squib ignited the fuel as it passed out of the end of the tube. The projected stream of burning fuel was 4.5 metres (15 ft) wide and 2.7 metres (8 ft 10 in) high with a range of about 27 metres (89 ft), and lasted about 1.5 seconds.
# 2022 Supertaça Cândido de Oliveira

The 2022 Supertaça Cândido de Oliveira was the 44th edition of the Supertaça Cândido de Oliveira. It was played between the winners of the 2021–22 Primeira Liga and the 2021–22 Taça de Portugal, Porto, and the runners-up of the 2021–22 Taça de Portugal, Tondela, on 30 July 2022. Porto won the match 3–0 to secure their 23rd Supertaça title.

## Venue

This was the twelfth time the Supertaça was played at the Estádio Municipal de Aveiro, having hosted all Supertaça matches but two since 2009, both of them played at Estádio Algarve, in 2015 and 2019.

## Match
### Details

| Porto | Tondela |
Agustín Marchesín :
| RB | 23 | João Mário |
| CB | 5 | Iván Marcano |
| CB | 3 | Pepe (c) |
| LB | 12 | Zaidu Sanusi |
| RW | 8 | Mateus Uribe | | 60' |
| CM | 16 | Marko Grujić | 64' | 70' |
| LW | 19 | Danny Loader | | 70' |
| LF | 11 | Pepê | | 87' |
| CF | 30 | Evanilson | | 46' |
| RF | 9 | Mehdi Taremi | 87' | 87' |
| Substitutes: |||
| GK | 14 | Cláudio Ramos |
| DF | 22 | Wendell |
| DF | 43 | João Marcelo |
| MF | 28 | Bruno Costa | | 87' |
| MF | 46 | Stephen Eustáquio | | 70' |
| FW | 7 | Gabriel Veron | | 87' |
| FW | 13 | Galeno | | 70' |
| FW | 29 | Toni Martínez | | 46' |
| FW | 70 | Gonçalo Borges |
| Manager: |||
| Sérgio Conceição ||||
Babacar Niasse :
| RB | 19 | Tiago Almeida |
| CB | 4 | Jota Gonçalves | | 80' |
| CB | 33 | Marcelo Alves | |
| CB | 15 | Manu Hernando |
| LB | 3 | Naoufel Khacef | 37' | 46' |
| RM | 8 | Telmo Arcanjo | | 90' |
| CM | 6 | Pedro Augusto | | (c) |
| CM | 21 | Iker Undabarrena | | 86' |
| LM | 2 | Bebeto |
| CF | 9 | Daniel dos Anjos |
| Substitutes: |||
| GK | 1 | Philip Tear |
| DF | 3 | Rafael Alcobia |
| DF | 28 | Rodrigo Fajardo |
| MF | 18 | Matías Lacava | | 80' |
| MF | 23 | Cascavel | | 90' |
| MF | 45 | Betel Muhungo |
| FW | 7 | Rúben Fonseca | | 86' |
| FW | 10 | Rafael Barbosa | 46' | 63' |
| FW | 17 | Cuba |
| Manager: |||
| Tozé Marreco ||||
| Man of the Match: Mehdi Taremi (Porto) Assistant referees: Luciano Maia Inácio Pereira Fourth official: António Nobre Video assistant referee: Hugo Miguel Assistant video assistant referees: Fábio Veríssimo Pedro Martins | Match rules 90 minutes. 30 minutes of extra time if necessary. Penalty shoot-out if scores still level. Seven named substitutes, of which up to five may be used during regular time. |
# Sasha Cagen

Sasha Cagen is an American writer, editor, and entrepreneur and originator of the quirkyalone movement. Her first book was Quirkyalone: A Manifesto for Uncompromising Romantics (Harper, San Francisco, 2004), and her second book To-Do List: From Buying Milk to Finding a Soul Mate, What Our Lists Reveal About Us, a collection of 100 handwritten lists and the stories behind them, was released by Simon & Schuster in November 2007.

## Biography

A native of Cranston, Rhode Island, Cagen attended Amherst College and graduated from Barnard College.
Cagen got her start as a writer in the "girl zine revolution," writing about topics ranging from the class politics of attending an elite women's college to the taste of grape soda and the fear of being pushed or pushing someone else into the subway tracks. During the mid-1990s, in New York, Cagen co-edited the self-published Cupsize.
In 2010, Cagen left San Francisco to travel in South America where she also promoted Quirkyalone in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. She has since become a life coach and a leading advocate of self-marriage as a ritual of acknowledgment and self-acceptance for women and men.
Her travels led her to settle in Buenos Aires where she works with tango to help women clients reconnect with their sensuality. As part of her tango teaching. she developed and coined the term "Pussywalking" to help women connect to their embodied feminine power.
She is the founding editor and publisher of To-Do List, a "magazine of meaningful minutiae" that used the idea of a to-do list to explore the details of daily life. Among other major recognition, To-Do List was named Best New Magazine of 2000 in Utne's Alternative Press Awards, Reader's Choice.
Cagen cofounded StyleMob, a social networking site "dedicated to real people and their style." The site started in early 2007, and received media coverage.
Cagen has appeared on the BBC, Anderson Cooper 360, CNN Headline News, Countdown with Keith Olbermann, and NPR's "Day to Day" and "Talk of the Nation". Cagen's essays have appeared in newspapers and magazines including the Village Voice, Utne Reader, and Men's Health.
Cagen is reportedly currently at work on a memoir about her travels in South America. She splits her time between Buenos Aires and the U.S.
# The Open Road Tour

The Open Road Tour was the first concert tour by English singer-songwriter Gary Barlow as a solo artist. The tour spanned Europe to promote his debut solo album Open Road.

## Setlist

* "Labour of Love"
* "Love Won't Wait"
* "So Help Me Girl"
* "Open Road"
* "Everything I Ever Wanted"
* "My Commitment"
* "Are You Ready Now"
* "Luv Luv Luv"
* Take That Medley
* "Pray"
* "Why Can't I Wake Up with You"
* "A Million Love Songs"
* "Never Forget"
* "Hang On in There Baby"
* "Cuddly Toy"
* "Your Song"
* "Back for Good"
* "Forever Love" – dedicated to Princess Diana, Gianni Versace and Barlow's grandmother

## Tour dates

The Open Road Tour took place in February and March 1998, and was Barlow's first solo tour in Europe. The first show at Symphony Hall sold out within two hours.
Ticket sales at a subsequent show at the National Exhibition Centre were poor, with only half of the tickets sold after being on sale for 17 months. The show was originally scheduled for November 1998, but was postponed twice and finally went ahead in December 1999. Barlow's record company, RCA Records, claimed that the cancellations were to allow Barlow to work on his album.

## Reception

The tour was received well by Lynne Robertson of The Herald, who described it as "one of the best all-round live shows of 1998" and noted that Barlow "appeared entirely at home as the man in the spotlight, demonstrating a humble and wholly likable stage persona during the 90-minute show which clearly illustrated his immense musical talents, encompassing soul, pop and rock roots with a tinkling of jazz thrown in for good measure."
Writing for The Scotsman, Gareth McLean likened the show to "being at a really bad wedding." McLean, however, noted that Barlow's "charmlessness and bland tunes" did not seem to bother the crowd.
# Relative pitch

Relative pitch is the ability of a person to identify or re-create a given musical note by comparing it to a reference note and identifying the interval between those two notes. For example, if the notes Do and Fa are played on a piano, a person with relative pitch would, without looking, be able to identify the second note from the first note given that they know that the first note is Do.

## Detailed definition

Relative pitch implies some or all of the following abilities:
* Determine the distance of a musical note from a set point of reference, e.g. "three octaves above middle C"
* Identify the intervals between given tones, regardless of their relation to concert pitch (A = 440 Hz)
* Correctly sing a melody by following musical notation, by pitching each note in the melody according to its distance from the previous note.
* Hear a melody for the first time, then name the notes relative to a reference pitch.
This last criterion, which applies not only to singers but also to instrumentalists who rely on their own skill to determine the precise pitch of the notes played (wind instruments, fretless string instruments like violin or viola, etc.), is an essential skill for musicians in order to play successfully with others. An example, is the different concert pitches used by orchestras playing music from different styles (a baroque orchestra using period instruments might decide to use a higher-tuned pitch).
Compound intervals (intervals greater than an octave) can be more difficult to detect than simple intervals (intervals less than an octave).
Interval recognition is used to identify chords, and can be applied to accurately tune an instrument with respect to a given reference tone, even when the tone is not in concert pitch.

## Prevalence and training

Unlike absolute pitch (sometimes called "perfect pitch"), relative pitch is quite common among musicians, especially musicians who are used to playing "by ear", and a precise relative pitch is a constant characteristic among good musicians.
Unlike perfect pitch, relative pitch can be developed through ear training. Computer-aided ear training is becoming a popular tool for musicians and music students, and various software is available for improving relative pitch.
Some music teachers teach their students relative pitch by having them associate each possible interval with the first two notes of a popular song. Another method of developing relative pitch is playing melodies by ear on a musical instrument, especially one that, unlike a piano or other keyboard or fretted instrument, requires a specific manual or blown adjustment for each particular tone.
Indian musicians learn relative pitch by singing intervals over a drone, which Mathieu (1997) described in terms of occidental just intonation terminology. Many Western ear training classes used solfège to teach students relative pitch, while others use numerical sight-singing.
# Hulme Barracks

Hulme Barracks is a former military installation in Hulme, Manchester, England.

## History

The barracks were built in the Georgian-style and completed in 1804. They became home to the 15th The King's Hussars, who charged protesters in Manchester in what became known as the Peterloo Massacre in 1819. The barracks were used to house infantry battalions from 1895 until their sale to Manchester Corporation in 1914. The building that remains today is the former officers' mess, officers' quarters and quartermaster's house, the other structures on the site having been demolished. Now converted into flats, Hulme Barracks was designated a Grade II listed building on 16 November 1978.
# Peter Webster (judge)

Sir Peter Edlin Webster (16 February 1924 – 10 April 2009) was a British barrister and High Court judge.
Born in Walsall, he attended Oakley Hall in Cirencester, and then the Haileybury and Imperial Service College. In 1943, at the height of World War II, he joined the Fleet Air Arm, and became a pilot, "flying Corsairs from aircraft carriers in the Indian Ocean".
After the war, he entered Merton College, Oxford, in 1946, where he studied law. After a stint working for the Imperial Tobacco Company, he returned to Oxford to teach law.
Webster was appointed to the bench in 1980, and chaired the Judicial Studies Board from 1980 to 1983. He retired from the bench in 1992, thereafter becoming a mediator.
# Rhithrogena germanica

Rhithrogena germanica is a European species of mayfly, and is "probably the most famous of all British mayflies", because of its use in fly fishing. It is known in the British Isles as the March brown mayfly, a name which is used in the United States for a different species, Rhithrogena morrisoni. It emerges as a subimago at the end of winter, and can be distinguished from similar species by a dark spot on the femur of each leg.

## Description

Adults and subimagos of Rhithrogena species have two long tails, and readily visible hind wings. R. germanica can only be distinguished from related species such as R. semicolorata (the only other Rhithrogena species in the United Kingdom) by the presence of a dark spot on the femora of the legs.
A similar species, Ecdyonurus venosus (the late March brown or false March brown) is more widespread in Great Britain, but emerges later in the year than R. germanica.

## Distribution

Rhithrogena germanica is widespread across Central and Northern Europe. It is under threat across Europe, and Great Britain may be a stronghold for the species.
R. germanica was first described by Alfred Edwin Eaton based on a single male imago collected from the River Rhine at Laufenburg, Switzerland. Its current distribution in Switzerland only extends to a few tributaries of the Rhine (Limmat, Sihl, Thur, Töss).
In the British Isles, the range of R. germanica includes the River Tweed and River Don in Scotland, the River Coquet in England, the River Wye in Wales and the River Liffey in Ireland. In Germany, it has been reported from the federal states of Baden-Württemberg, Bavaria and Hesse. Further populations have been reported from Denmark, France, Czechoslovakia, and Poland; records from other areas may refer to other similar species, such as Rhithrogena sowai.

## Life cycle

Like other mayflies, the naiads of R. germanica are aquatic insects, living on the bottoms of rivers. R. germanica can tolerate a small amount of pollution but requires high concentrations of dissolved oxygen, and is therefore found in large, clean, fast-flowing rivers. The larvae of R. germanica emerge very early in the year, at the end of winter or the start of spring (March to early April). The emerging adults are vulnerable to predators, and so their emergence is very fast; the whole process of moulting and taking flight can take as little as 30 seconds.
Mayflies are the only insects to have two distinct adult stages: a subimago, which moults into the imago. Rhithrogena germanica has the longest–lasting subimago stage of any mayfly, allowing up to four days before moulting into the imago, during which time the subimago rests in a tree near the river it emerged from.
Mayfly adults have no functioning mouthparts and, after reproducing, they die.

## Fly fishing

The March brown is "probably the most famous of all British mayflies", having been copied by anglers to catch fish for over 500 years. It is taken by trout.
# Arkose

Arkose (/ˈɑːrkoʊs, -koʊz/) or arkosic sandstone is a detrital sedimentary rock, specifically a type of sandstone containing at least 25% feldspar. Arkosic sand is sand that is similarly rich in feldspar, and thus the potential precursor of arkose.

## Components

Quartz is commonly the dominant mineral component, and some mica is often present. Apart from the mineral content, rock fragments may also be a significant component. Arkose usually contains small amounts of calcite cement, which causes it to effervesce (fizz) slightly in dilute hydrochloric acid; sometimes the cement also contains iron oxide.

## Colouration and presence of fossils

Arkose is typically grey to reddish in colour. The sand grains making up an arkose may range from fine to very coarse, but tend toward the coarser end of the scale. Fossils are rare in arkose, due to the depositional processes that form it, although bedding is frequently visible.

## Formation process

Arkose is generally formed from the weathering of feldspar-rich igneous or metamorphic, most commonly granitic, rocks, which are primarily composed of quartz and feldspar (called 'grus' as a sand). These sediments must be deposited rapidly and/or in a cold or arid environment such that the feldspar does not undergo significant chemical weathering and decomposition; therefore arkose is designated a texturally immature sedimentary rock. Arkose is often associated with conglomerate deposits sourced from granitic terrain and is often found above unconformities in the immediate vicinity of granite terrains.

## Gallery

* Arkosic sand in the Llano Uplift, Texas, with granite outcrops
* Grus sand and the granitoid it's derived from

## Uluru

The central Australian inselberg Uluru (Ayers Rock) is composed of late Neoproterozoic/Cambrian arkose, deposited in the Amadeus Basin.