# Nankai Broadcasting

Nankai Broadcasting Company, Ltd (南海放送株式会社, Nankai Hōsō Kabushiki-gaisha), also known as RNB, is a Japanese regional broadcasting company based in Matsuyama, Ehime Prefecture. The broadcaster's radio division JOAF is affiliated with the Japan Radio Network and the National Radio Network while its television division JOAF-DTV (channel 4) is affiliated with the Nippon News Network and the Nippon Television Network System. Both stations serve said prefecture and its studios and headquarters are located in the Honmachi ward of Matsuyama.
The initials come from the radio station's former name, Radio Nankai Broadcasting. The company name Nankai is related to the broadcasting area (as in the former Nankaidō region), and has no relation with the Nankai Electric Railway from Osaka.

## History

After the establishment of the "Three Radio Laws" ("Radio Law", "Broadcasting Law", "Radio Wave Supervisory Committee Establishment Law") in 1950, two private radio stations, Chugoku Broadcasting and Shikoku Broadcasting, also appeared in Chugoku and Shikoku. However, Ehime prefecture was initially indifferent to the establishment of a private radio station. It was not until 1952 when the then president of the Ehime Shimbun, Yoichiro Hirata, was inspecting Europe that he urgently ordered the Ehime News Agency to apply for a private radio station license, and Ehime began a movement to apply for the establishment of a private radio station.$^{:2–3}$ On August 1, 1953, Radio Nankai (ラジオ南海) obtained a preliminary license$^{:6}$ and officially started broadcasting at 5:45 a.m. on October 1, becoming the 21st private radio station in Japan.$^{:8–9}$ On the same month, Radio Nankai broadcast the 8th National Sports Festival; the first time that a private broadcaster broadcast that event.$^{:9–11}$ Within one year of its launch, Radio Nankai achieved profitability.$^{:19–20}$ On October 1, 1956, two new relay stations open, one in Niihama (JOAL, 800kc) and one in Uwajima (JOAM, 1560kc).
On November 23, 1955, Radio Nankai applied for a television broadcasting license,$^{:22}$ and jointly built a television signal transmission tower with NHK.$^{:22–23}$ The television division of Radio Nankai decided to join Nippon Television before launch, but it also broadcast some programs from Radio Tokyo TV, Fuji Television, and Nippon Educational Television.$^{:26–28}$ At 11 a.m. on December 1, 1958, Radio Nankai began broadcasting its television station (JOAF-TV, channel 10, output 5KW), becoming Japan's 13th private television station.$^{:30–31}$ An entertainment event commemorating the 5th anniversary of the opening of the radio station and the opening of the television station was held at the Ehime Prefectural Civic Center (actor Ken Takakura also appeared, performing songs and skits).$^{:32}$ In order to produce its own programs, the Nankai Radio and Television Division built a studio when it first started broadcasting. It was the first private TV station in Chugoku and Shikoku to have a studio when it started broadcasting.$^{:28–30}$ As the television division grew rapidly, Radio Nankai changed its company name to Nankai Broadcasting. In August 1959, the revenue of Nankai Broadcasting's television division exceeded that of the radio division.$^{:43}$ From December 1961 to May 1962, the income of RNB’s television division was 3.7 times that of the radio division.$^{:43}$ In 1961, Nankai Broadcasting established television broadcast stations in Niihama (JOAL-TV, channel 6, video output 250W, audio 63W), Yawatahama (channel 4), and Uwajima, and the television signals basically covered the entirety of Ehime Prefecture.$^{:44–45}$ On March 30, 1962, the Nankai Broadcasting Union launched a strike, resulting in the broadcast being forced to stop broadcasting for 24 hours.$^{:48–50}$
In 1960, Nankai Broadcasting decided to purchase land behind the road in Matsuyama City for the construction of a broadcasting hall, and issued new shares for this purpose.$^{:54–55}$ In March 1964, the Nankai Broadcasting Hall was completed. This building has 4 floors underground and 1 floor above ground, with a total floor area of 4,459 square meters. Radio moved on February 26 and television on February 29.$^{:58}$ On September 28 of the same year, Nankai Broadcasting began to broadcast color TV programs (networked programming) and opened a new relay station in Ozu (channel 11).$^{:62}$ On June 1, 1965, it opened its first UHF relay station in Kawanoe (channel 61). Nankai Broadcasting joined the Nippon News Network in 1966, cementing its relationship with NTV.$^{:76–77}$ Nankai Broadcasting conducted its first overseas work, also its first local color production, in 1968, interviewing Ehime people who were active throughout Southeast Asia.$^{:82–84}$ In 1969, RNB Radio and Television achieved uninterrupted broadcasting throughout the day, ending the daytime break.$^{:84}$ As of June 1969, when the decision was taken, the station was off air from 4:50pm to 5:20pm. The following year, Nankai Broadcasting implemented all locally-produced programs in color. The first news program in color aired on August 10. Videotape facilities were also converted.$^{:78}$
Ehime Broadcasting launched as the Fuji TV/FNN affiliate on December 10, 1969. Most of its primary programming was removed in October as part of a reorganization in anticipation for its launch. On May 12, 1970, Nankai Broadcasting exchanges footage of the Setouchi Sea Jack incident with NTV/NNN affiliate Hiroshima Telecasting.
In 1976, the Nankai Broadcasting Honmachi Hall was completed and became one of the main cultural facilities in Matsuyama City.$^{:100–103}$ In 1972, RNB's television division became an affiliate of the Nippon Television Network System. In 1980, Nankai Broadcasting introduced a complete two-day weekly system.$^{:77–78}$ Following the change in the AM frequency plan for stations in ITU regions 2 and 3 to broadcast in fractions of 9KHz, in accordance with the Geneva Frequency Plan of 1975 which went into effect on November 23, 1978, the frequencies of the RNB radio stations were changed thusly: Matsuyama, Imabari and Yawatahama moved to 1116KHz, Niihama to 1557KHz.$^{:329}$ AM stereo broadcasts were experimented publicly on March 15, 1980. It was a first for Japanese local radio, but didn't reach the actual broadcast.$^{:330}$ Nankai Broadcasting built a new broadcasting hall from 1987 to 1988. The second floor is the news center, which greatly improved Nankai Broadcasting's news program production capabilities.$^{:159–160}$ Nankai Broadcasting also introduced the Satellite News Broadcasting (SNG) system in 1989, which greatly improved the mobility of news gathering.$^{:168–169}$ Starting in 1988, Nankai Broadcasting broadcast the Ehime Marathon, the first edition broadcast by the station was held on February 21 that year.$^{:166–168}$ Audio multiplex broadcasting started on July 19, 1990. During a test broadcast three days before the start of broadcasting, the circuit connections for the main audio and sub audio were switched, causing some programs and commercials to be "silent". This incident was resolved by 6:30pm on the same day.$^{:337}$
In the early 1990s, with the collapse of Japan's bubble economy and the launch of the third and fourth private TV stations in Ehime Prefecture, the competition faced by Nankai Broadcasting was significantly intensified than before.$^{:190–193}$ From October 1992 to September 1993, Nankai Broadcasting's turnover decreased by 777 million yen compared with the previous year.$^{:198}$ Nankai Broadcasting also stopped broadcasting programs from TBS and TV Asahi due to the launch of i-Television (EAT, the TV Asahi affiliate, would open in 1995), and stopped broadcasting the Ehime Prefecture qualifiers for the National High School Baseball Championship.$^{:192–195}$ When ITV opened, 10 TBS programs moved to the new station.$^{:199}$ Since 1994, Nankai Broadcasting has won the triple crown of ratings for 9 consecutive years due to the high ratings of flagship NNN/NNS station NTV.$^{:197}$ On April 1, 1995, a memorandum of understanding was signed with Nippon Television regarding Network Time. With the opening of Ehime Asahi Television, eight TV Asahi programs, excluding those produced by the Private Broadcasting Education Association, were transferred.$^{:193}$ Its official website opened on November 1, 1996.$^{:342}$ In 1999, Nankai Broadcasting started 24-hour radio and TV broadcasting, and was the only TV station in Ehime Prefecture to realize 24-hour broadcasting at that time.$^{:217–218}$
Nanhai Broadcasting introduced a new logo in 2003, for its 50th anniversary.$^{:286}$ On October 1, 2006, Nankai Broadcasting began to broadcast digital TV signals, and stopped broadcasting analog TV signals on July 24, 2011.$^{:273–274}$ At the same time that digital TV began to be broadcast, Nankai Broadcasting decided to move its headquarters to Honmachi Kaikan and build an iron tower on the roof of Honmachi Kaikan.$^{:276}$ On August 1, 2006, Nankai Broadcasting Headquarters moved into Honmachi Kaikan. On December 1, 2014, an FM relay station, Fnam, launches. As of 2017, Nankai Broadcasting has won the triple crown in household viewing ratings for nine consecutive years. In 2022, Nankai Broadcasting also won the triple crown in individual and family ratings, and the personal ratings in 2022 for three years in a row.
The local SVOD platform Nankai On Demand launched on March 13, 2023. The service consists of in-house productions and aims to increase its content to include more original programming, videos and live sports.

## Network

* TV: Nippon News Network/Nippon Television Network System (NNN/NNS)
* RADIO: Japan Radio Network (JRN), National Radio Network (NRN)

## Capital composition

Information as of March 31, 2021:
| Capital | Total number of shares issued | Number of shareholders |
| 360,000,000 yen | 7,200 shares | 262 |
| Shareholders | Number of shares held | Proportion |
| Nankai Broadcasting Employees Stock Ownership Meeting | 497 shares | 6.90% |
| Ehime Shimbun [ja] | 424 shares | 5.89% |
| Meiji Yasuda Life Insurance | 380 shares | 5.28% |
| Iyo Bank [ja] | 359 shares | 4.99% |
| Ehime Bank [ja] | 359 shares | 4.99% |
| Iyo Railway | 346 shares | 4.81% |
| Iyo Total Service | 300 shares | 4.17% |
| Iseki Agricultural Machinery [ja] | 240 shares | 3.33% |
| Ehime prefectural government | 200 shares | 2.78% |
| Nippon TV | 200 shares | 2.78% |

## Stations
### Analog TV

* Matsuyama (Main Station) JOAF-TV 10ch 5 kW
* Imabari 34ch 100w
* Yawatahama 4ch 250w
* Niihama JOAL-TV 6ch 250w

### Digital TV(ID:4)

* Matsuyama (Main Station) JOAF-DTV 20ch
* Niihama 47ch

### AM Radio (1116kHz)

* Matsuyama (Main Station) 5 kW JOAF
* Niihama 1 kW JOAL
* Uwajima 1 kW JOAM
* Ōzu 100w JOAN
* Misho 100w JOAS
* Yawatahama 100w

### FM Radio (91.7 MHz FM)

* Matsuyama (Main Station) 1 kW