OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# David R. Inglis

David Robert Inglis is a contemporary sociologist and academic.

## Education and career

Inglis earned a bachelor's degree in sociology from the University of Cambridge and then went on to complete his Master's and PhD in sociology at the University of York.
He has been a sociology professor at the University of Helsinki since 2017. He was previously a sociology professor at the University of Exeter and the University of Aberdeen.
He was a founding editor of the journal Cultural Sociology, and headed the Finnish Sociological Association, the Westermarck Society, from 2020 through 2022.

## Books

Inglis is the author or coauthor of books including:
* A Sociological History of Excretory Experience: Defecatory Manners and Toiletry Technologies (Edwin Mellen Press, 2001)
* Culture and Everyday Life (Routledge, 2005)
* The Uses of Sport: A Critical Study (with John Hughson and Marcus Free, Routledge, 2005)
* An Invitation to Social Theory (with Christopher Thorpe, Polity Press, 2012)
His edited volumes include:
* The Sociology of Art: Ways of Seeing (Palgrave Macmillan, 2005)
* The Globalization of Food (Berg, 2009),
* The SAGE Handbook of Cultural Sociology (SAGE, 2016)
* The Routledge International Handbook to Veils and Veiling Practices (Routledge, 2018).
* Drinks in Vogue: Exploring the Changing Worlds of Fashions and Beverages (Routledge, 2023)
# Tympanum (anatomy)

The tympanum is an external hearing structure in animals such as mammals, birds, some reptiles, some amphibians and some insects.
Using sound, vertebrates and many insects are capable of sensing their prey, identifying and locating their predators, warning other individuals, and locating potential mates and rivals by hearing the intentional or unintentional sounds they make.
In general, any animal that reacts to sounds or communicates by means of sound, needs to have an auditory mechanism. This typically consists of a membrane capable of vibration known as the tympanum, an air-filled chamber and sensory organs to detect the auditory stimuli.

## Amphibia
### Anura

In frogs and toads, the tympanum is a large external oval shape membrane made up of nonglandular skin. It is located just behind the eye. It does not process sound waves; it simply transmits them to the inner parts of the amphibian's ear, which is protected from the entry of water and other foreign objects.
A frog's ear drum works in very much the same way as does a human eardrum. It is a membrane that is stretched across a ring of cartilage like a snare drum that vibrates. Crossing the middle ear chamber there is an ossicle called the columella that is connected to the tympanum, and another ossicle, the operculum, that connects this to the oval membrane. This separates the middle ear from the inner ear; and its movements are reflected in vibrations in the fluid in the inner ear; these vibrations cause microscopic hairs to move, which send signals to the frog's brain. A frog's lungs are also involved in the reception of sound, although they are less sensitive than the frog's ear drums.
# Ernest Nice

Ernest Herbert Leonard Nice (1 August 1875 – 6 June 1946) was an English first-class cricketer active 1895–1905 who played for Surrey. He was born in Earlswood Common, Surrey; died in Redhill.
# Tyśmienica, Lublin Voivodeship

Tyśmienica is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Parczew, within Parczew County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland. It lies approximately 9 kilometres (6 mi) south of Parczew and 40 km (25 mi) north-east of the regional capital Lublin.
# U.S. seal

U.S. seal may refer to:
* Great Seal of the United States
* A United States Navy SEAL
# David Six

David Six may refer to:
* David Six (musician) (born 1985), Austrian pianist, composer and multi-instrumentalist
* David Six (artist) (born 1968), Canadian artist
* David Six (basketball)
# Espinareda de Ancares

Espinareda de Ancares is a hamlet located in the municipality of Candín, in León province, Castile and León, Spain. As of 2020, it has a population of 8.

## Geography

Espinareda de Ancares is located 144km west-northwest of León, Spain.
# Espinas

Espinas is a commune in the Tarn-et-Garonne department in the Occitanie region in southern France.
# Espinaso Formation

The Espinaso Formation is a geologic formation in New Mexico. It has a radiometric age of 34.6 to 26.9 million years, corresponding to the late Eocene through Oligocene epochs.

## Description

The Espinaso Formation is principally debris flows and lahars from the Ortiz porphyry belt, with some interbedded lava flows and tuff beds. The upper part of the formation is dominated by upward-fining sequences, where sediments are coarser near the base of the sequence and finer towards the top. This suggests waning volcanic activity and decreasing topographic relief. The formation intertongues with the underlying Galisteo Formation but unconformably underlies the Tanos Formation of the Santa Fe Group. Radiometric dating gives an age range of 34.3 +/-0.8 million years (Ma) near the base of the formation, 34.6 +/-0.7 Ma near the middle, and 26.9 +/-0.6 my near the top. A basalt flow at the base of the overlying Tanos Formation has an age of 25.1 +/-0.6 Ma.
The formation crops out in the Hagan and Galisteo Basins and the La Cienega area of New Mexico. The type section is at Arroyo del Tuerto (Arroyo Pinovetito) where the arroyo cuts a slot canyon through Espinaso Ridge. Espinaso Ridge is a hogback produced by the strongly cemented volcaniclastics of the Espinaso Formation, which contrast with the less erosion-resistant beds of the underlying Galisteo Formation and overlying Tanos Formation. The formation is also found in the subsurface in the southern Espanola Basin, where it was deposited on the eroded surface of a now-buried block of crust that was uplifted during the Laramide orogeny and thrown back down with the opening of the Rio Grande rift.
The formation records the style and composition of volcanic activity in the Ortiz porphyry belt, which is otherwise obscured by erosion of the volcanic centers. The paleomagnetism of the formation has been closely studied, with one study indicating that the block of crust on which the formation was deposited subsequently experienced a counterclockwise rotation of 17.8° ± 11.4°, due to opening of the Rio Grande Rift, but another showing no such rotation.

## History of investigation

The formation was first described by C.E.Stearns in 1943, who credited the name "Espinaso Volcanics" to an unpublished manuscript by Kirk Bryan and J.E. Upson. P.F. Kautz and coinvestigators recognized that it was primarily alluvial and designated it as the Espinaso Formation in 1981.

## Footnotes

* 1 2 Kautz et al. 1981.
* 1 2 Stearns 1953.
* ↑ Myer & Smith 2006.
* ↑ Erskine & Smith 1993.
* ↑ Brown & Golombek 1986.
* ↑ Harlan & Geissman 2009.
* ↑ Stearns 1943.
# David C. Hespe

David Hespe, twice, was Commissioner of the New Jersey Department of Education. He was appointed by Governor Chris Christie. He was appointed Acting Commissioner in February 2014 was confirmed by the Senate in December 2014. He resigned in September 2016.
He is Of Counsel at Porzio, Bromberg & Newman, P.C.

## Education

* Rutgers University School of Law, Newark, NJ, J.D., 1985
* Rutgers College, Newark, NJ, B.A., 1982
# David Lee Moroni

David Lee Moroni (born 14 March 1938) is a Canadian former dancer and teacher.
Moroni was born in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. He studied dance at the Classical Ballet Company with Nesta Toumine and performed with her local company where he also taught. He also taught at the Lindenlea Municipal Ballet. In 1964, he joined the Royal Winnipeg Ballet, was promoted to soloist in 1966, and became principal dancer in 1967. In 1970, he joined the staff at the Royal Winnipeg Ballet School where he helped to establish the Professional Division program and became its principal. He also served as Associate Artistic Director of the Royal Winnipeg Ballet from 1976 to 1988. He retired in 2003. Moroni received the Order of Canada in 1990 and received an Honorary Doctor of Letters from the University of Winnipeg in 2014.
His students included:
* Evelyn Hart
* David Peregrine
* Tara Birtwhistle
* Jennifer Welsman
Moroni, who regularly performed the role of Drosselmeyer in the ballet company's production of The Nutcracker, appeared as Van Helsing in the film Dracula: Pages from a Virgin's Diary, based on a ballet by the Royal Winnipeg Ballet.
Moroni now lives in Fredericton, New Brunswick with his partner, Paul Daigle.
# Estadio Rubén Guifarro

Estadio Rubén Guifarro is a multi-purpose stadium in Catacamas, Honduras. It is currently used mostly for football matches and it was home for Atlético Olanchano from 2001 until 2016. The stadium holds 5,000 people. The stadium was renovated for the 2007–08 season. Some of the works included changing the grass turf and increasing the capacity of the stadium. The stadium is also occasionally used by C.D. Motagua as an alternate venue.
# Twenty Eight

Twenty eight may refer to:
* the number 28
* Twenty-eight parrot (Barnardius zonarius semitorquatus), a subspecies of the Australian ringneck parrot of Western Australia
* Twenty-eight, a card game
* Twenty Eight (song), a song by Canadian recording artist The Weeknd
# Ernst Schröder

Ernst Schröder may refer to:
* Ernst Schröder (actor) (1915–1994), German actor
* Ernst Schröder (mathematician) (1841–1902), German mathematician
# Ernst Schulze

Ernst Schulze may refer to:
* Gottlob Ernst Schulze (1761–1833), a German philosopher
* Ernst Schulze (poet) (1789–1817), a German Romantic poet
* Ernst Schulze (chemist) (1840–1912), a German Chemist and the grandson of Gottlob Ernst Schulze
* Sadananda (1908–1977), born Ernst-Georg Schulze, a German Gaudiya Vaishnavist swami
# Essentials & Rarities

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
Essentials & Rarities (previously announced as Memories & Rarities) is a compilation album by Jean-Michel Jarre, released in 2011. The double CD set consists of two distinctive CDs: Essentials, which is a compilation of Jarre's most famous work, and Rarities, which compiles tracks made before his ground-breaking album Oxygène.
Most of the tracks on Rarities had never been officially released on CD (apart from tracks from Les Granges Brûlées). The Rarities CD includes a selection of tracks from Deserted Palace, his first single "La Cage" and its B-side "Erosmachine", and the track "Happiness Is a Sad Song", which he composed in 1968 for "Les Fêtes de la Jeunesse" in Reims and is Jean-Michel Jarre's first musical release. Both "Happiness Is a Sad Song" and "La Cage / Erosmachine" were composed during Jarre's time at the Groupe Recherche Musicale.
The album was released in memory of Francis Dreyfus, the founder of Jarre's first record label Disques Dreyfus who died the previous year.

## Track listing

CD 1 – ESSENTIALS
* "Souvenir of China" – 3:59
* "Oxygene 2" – 3:12
* "Arpegiateur" – 6:16
* "Oxygene 4" – 4:14
* "Equinoxe 4" – 6:42
* "Calypso 2" – 2:28
* "Zoolook" (original 1984 mix) – 3:52
* "Magnetic Fields 1" – 5:20
* "Magnetic Fields 2" – 4:02
* "Equinoxe 5" – 3:55
* "Industrial Revolution 2" – 2:22
* "Rendez-Vous 4" – 3:59
* "Gloria, Lonely Boy" – 5:30
* "Oxygene 6" – 6:21
* "Space of Freedom" (a.k.a. "March 23") – 8:02
CD 2 – RARITIES
* "Happiness Is a Sad Song" – 5:53 (1968, not previously released on an album)
* "Hypnose" – 3:29 (1970, Dominique Webb single)
* "Erosmachine" – 2:58
* "La Cage" – 3:23
* "Chanson des Granges Brûlées / Song of the Burnt Barns" – 2:45
* "Windswept Canyon" – 7:39
* "The Abominable Snowman" – 0:52
* "Deserted Palace" – 2:22
* "Le Pays de Rose / Roseland" – 2:01
* "Rain Forest Rap Session" – 1:40
* "Black Bird" – 3:06 (1972, not previously released on an album)
* "Music Box Concerto" – 2:41
* "Iraqi Hitch-Hiker" – 2:25
* "Les Granges Brûlées / The Burnt Barns" – 3:13
* "La Cage Vitalic RMX" – 4:16 (2010, not previously released on an album)
* "Erosmachine Vitalic RMX" – 3:45 (2010, not previously released on an album)

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| Poland (ZPAV) | Gold | 10,000$^*$ |
| $^*$ Sales figures based on certification alone. |||
# Essentials (Nate Dogg album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
Essentials is a compilation album released by hip-hop artist Nate Dogg. All 16 tracks are taken from Nate Dogg’s debut album G-Funk Classics, Vol. 1 & 2.

## Track listing

* "Nobody Does It Better" (Featuring Warren G)
* "Who's Playin' Games?"
* "I Don't Wanna Hurt No More" (Featuring Danny "Butch" Means)
* "Me and My Homies" (Featuring 2Pac)
* "Because I Got a Girl"
* "Scared of Love" (Featuring Danny "Butch" Means)
* "Just Another Day"
* "Dogg Pound Gangstaville" (Featuring Snoop Dogg and Kurupt)
* "No Matter Where I Go"
* "Friends" (Featuring Snoop Dogg and Warren G)
* "She's Strange" (Featuring Barbara Wilson)
* "Never Leave Me Alone" (Featuring Snoop Dogg)
* "My Money"
* "Puppy Love" (Featuring Snoop Dogg, Daz Dillinger and Kurupt)
* "Never Too Late"
* "Hardest Man in Town"
# David Smith (British Conservative politician)

David Smith (1826 – 3 November 1886) was an English businessman and Conservative politician.
Smith was the son of Alexander Smith of Manor House, Camberwell and his wife née Richardson. Born in London, Smith was educated in Scotland. He entered business as a colonial merchant. Smith married Elise Spencer of Dublin. He lived at Arundel Terrace, Brighton.
By 1872 he was living in the south coast resort town of Brighton, and was elected to the town council in 1872, was made an alderman in 1877 and was mayor of Brighton in 1880–1881.
Smith was a Deputy Lieutenant for Sussex and the City of London, and a J.P. for Brighton.
At the 1885 general election Smith was elected Member of Parliament for Brighton and was reelected the following year. He died suddenly at his Brighton home of heart disease in November 1886 aged 60.
# Töntarna

"Töntarna" is a song by the Swedish alternative rock band Kent. It was released as the lead single from their eighth studio album, Röd, on 5 October 2009. Two additional remixes by Punks Jump Up and Familjen were released on Kent's digital download store at their website on 9 October 2009, while a CD single was released on 12 October 2009.

## Track listing

All lyrics are written by Joakim Berg

## Charts
### Weekly charts

Weekly chart performance for "Töntarna" :
| Chart (2009) | Peak position |
| Finland (Suomen virallinen lista) | 5 |
| Norway (VG-lista) | 1 |
| Sweden (Sverigetopplistan) | 1 |

### Year-end charts

Year-end chart performance for "Töntarna" :
| Chart (2009) | Position |
| Sweden (Sverigetopplistan) | 30 |

## Certifications

Certifications and sales for Töntarna :
| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| Sweden (GLF) | Gold | 10,000$^^$ |
| $^^$ Shipments figures based on certification alone. |||
# Ernst von Middendorff

Ernst von Middendorff (10 January 1851 – 6 April 1916), the son of the Baltic explorer Alexander von Middendorf, was an agronomist and ornithologist who made an extensive collection of birds from across Europe.
Von Middendorff was born in St. Petersburg to Alexander and Hedwig. He was educated privately, at the Wiedemann Grammar School in St Petersburg and then at Dorpat. He began to apprentice in farming on the family estate in Hellenorm. He then studied chemistry and economics at the University of Dorpat. He received a doctorate in agronomy in 1875. He was interested in natural history from an early age and joined an expedition in the Arctic Circle along with his father. He returned and managed the estates of his father at Samhof, Pörrafer, and Hellenorm. He hunted specimens of birds across the Baltic region, also obtaining skins through others. He had a private collection of nearly 4000 skins but these were distributed across museums in Europe. He served as a vice president of the second international ornithological congress held at Budapest.
# David I. Arkin

David I. Arkin (December 19, 1906 – October 8, 1980) was an American teacher, painter, writer, lyricist, and the father of actor Alan Arkin.

## Early life

Arkin was born in New York, the son of Russian-Jewish immigrants.

## Career

In 1945, Arkin moved his family to Los Angeles, California to take a teaching job. Arkin attempted to obtain work in the entertainment industry, but was unsuccessful. An eight-month Hollywood strike cost Arkin a set designer job, but the greater blow was as a result of the McCarthy "witch hunt". Arkin, a leftist, was accused of being a communist but refused to answer questions regarding his political affiliation. As a result, he was fired from his teaching job and was unable to gain work in Hollywood. Arkin challenged his dismissal, but did not achieve vindication until after his death, when a judge ruled that though the firing was legal at time, Arkin should have been considered for reinstatement when the school board changed its policy in 1968. He died of cancer in October, 1980, at the age of 73 at his home in Silverlake, California.
Arkin's most memorable song-writing contribution was in creating the lyrics to the song "Black and White", with music by Earl Robinson in 1954. The song was written to celebrate the United States Supreme Court decision of Brown v. Board of Education striking down racial segregation in public schools.
"Black and White" has been recorded by Pete Seeger, Sammy Davis Jr, Greyhound, The Maytones and Three Dog Night. The lyric has been the basis of an illustrated book by Arkin, which was first published in 1966. More recent editions feature a new introduction by Pete Seeger.

## Personal life

Arkin and his wife, Beatrice Wortis, had two sons, actor Alan Arkin and bass musician Bobby Arkin, and a daughter, author Bonnie Cordova.
# Estelle Reiner

Estelle Reiner (née Lebost; June 5, 1914 – October 25, 2008) was an American actress and singer, described by The New York Times as "matriarch of one of the leading families in American comedy". She was the wife of Carl Reiner and the mother of Rob Reiner.

## Life and career

Reiner was born in the Bronx and graduated from James Monroe High School. She was a visual artist and met her future husband, Carl Reiner, while she was working in the Catskills, designing stage sets for hotel shows. She married Reiner in 1943, and had three children Rob, Lucas and Annie. She was Jewish.
Carl Reiner's 1960s television comedy, The Dick Van Dyke Show, recapitulated his career writing for Sid Caesar, with Carl Reiner playing the Caesar character and Dick Van Dyke portraying Reiner's real-life job as a writer in the role of Rob Petrie. The re-creation was so complete that the Petries in the show lived on Bonnie Meadow Road in suburban New Rochelle, New York, the same street as the real-life Reiners. As described by Rob Reiner, "Basically he wrote his own life" in The Dick Van Dyke Show and that “my mother was Mary Tyler Moore".
In her 60s, Reiner became a cabaret singer and performed for decades until just a few years before her death. She studied the theatre with method acting pioneer Lee Strasberg and with Viola Spolin, the American Grandmother of Improvisation. She appeared in a number of film comedies, including with Dom DeLuise in the 1980 film Fatso, as Mrs. Goodman, and in the 1983 movies The Man with Two Brains with Steve Martin in the role "Tourist in Elevator" and in Mel Brooks' To Be or Not to Be as Gruba.
Reiner's most enduring film role was in 1989's When Harry Met Sally..., in which director Rob Reiner cast his mother as a customer in a scene with stars Billy Crystal and Meg Ryan at Katz's Delicatessen, in which Ryan fakes what was described as "a very public (and very persuasive) orgasm". Approached by a waitress after Ryan finishes, Reiner deadpans "I'll have what she's having". The line was ranked 33rd on the American Film Institute's list of the Top 100 movie quotations, just behind Casablanca's "Round up the usual suspects".

## Death

Reiner died of natural causes on October 25, 2008, in her home in Beverly Hills, California. She was 94.

## Partial filmography

* Fatso (1980) – Mrs. Goodman
* The Man with Two Brains (1983) – Tourist in Elevator
* To Be or Not to Be (1983) – Gruba
* Hot to Trot (1988) – Mrs. Goldblatt
* When Harry Met Sally... (1989) – Older Woman Customer (final film role)
# David Murray Quintet

David Murray Quintet (subtitled with Ray Anderson & Anthony Davis) is an album by David Murray, recorded in 1994 and released on the Japanese DIW label in 1996. It features performances by Murray, trombonist Ray Anderson, pianist Anthony Davis, bassist Kenny Davis and drummer Tommy Campbell.

## Reception

The AllMusic review by Chris Kelsey stated: "This is a first-rate album by as heavy an ad hoc group as you'll find anywhere."
Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |

## Track listing

* "Stompin' at the Savoy" (Sampson, Goodman, Webb) - 7:57
* "Disguise The Limit" (Anderson) - 6:17
* "Jaywalking" (Kenny Davis) - 5:42
* "Andrew" (Anthony Davis) - 10:24
* "Kiano" (Anthony Davis) - 11:55
* "Funkalific" (Anderson) - 8:53

## Personnel

* David Murray - tenor saxophone, bass clarinet
* Ray Anderson - trombone
* Anthony Davis - piano
* Kenny Davis - bass
* Tommy Campbell - drums
# Erzsébet Czobor

Baroness Erzsébet Czobor de Czoborszentmihály (1572 – 31 March 1626) was the second wife of Palatine György Thurzó.

## Biography

Her parents were Imre Czobor, who served as Palatinal Governor of Hungary between 1572 and 1581, and his third wife, Borbála Perényi de Perény.
Thurzó and Erzsébet married on 2 February 1592 in Sasvár (today part of Šaštín-Stráže, Slovakia). They had several children:
* János, died young
* Borbála, she married twice:
** 30 September 1612: Count Kristóf Erdődy de Monyorókerék et Monoszló (d. 1621)
** 29 January 1629 (Zólyom): Count János Draskovich de Trakostyán, Palatine of Hungary (1646–1648)
* Ilona, married to Count Gáspár Illésházy (d. 1648)
* Imre (11 September 1598 – 19 October 1621), Perpetual Ispán (Count; comes) of Árva County and Rector of the University of Wittenberg (1616–1621), the last male member of the Thurzó family
* Mária, married to Mihály Vízkelethy in 1618
* Katalin (d. 1647), married to Baron István Thököly de Késmárk (1581–1651) in 1620, paternal grandmother of Count Imre Thököly
* Anna, married to Baron János Szunyogh de Jeszenicze et Budatin (d. 1641) in 1622
* Erzsébet
# Ethlyn

Ethlyn may refer to:
* Ethlyn T. Clough (1858–1936), American newspaper publisher, editor
* Ethlyn Smith (1940-2007), civil servant from the British Virgin Islands
* Ethlyn Tate (born 1966), Jamaican sprinter
* Ethlyn, Missouri, United States, an unincorporated community