OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ed Packard

Ed Packard is a 2022 Republican candidate for Alabama Secretary of State and a former election administrator with the State of Alabama's Office of the Secretary of State.
Ed Packard is the first person in the United States to earn a Master of Public Administration degree with a specialty in election administration (1996, Auburn University).
Packard has spent nearly all of his professional career in Alabama. His career in election administration began during his employment with Auburn University (1992-1996) where he was the lead coordinator implementing election programs through contracts with the Alabama Secretary of State's office. From spring of 1996 to spring of 1997, he worked approximately one year for the State Board of Elections in Raleigh, North Carolina, as an education and training specialist. In 1997, he was appointed Administrator of Elections with the Alabama Secretary of State's office. In 2007, he was appointed Supervisor of Voter Registration and oversaw statewide voter registration programs.
In May 2006, Packard, in relation to his employment with the Alabama Secretary of State, filed an election complaint with the Alabama Attorney General alleging violation of state election laws by then-Secretary of State and Democratic primary election opponent Nancy Worley. The complaint specified that Worley illegally solicited campaign contributions from Secretary of State staff.
Packard was a candidate in the 2006 Alabama Democratic Party for the office of Alabama Secretary of State. He was defeated in that election by Nancy Worley, receiving 100,626 votes to Worley's 316,043.
In March 2013, Packard was named State Election Director in the office of the Alabama Secretary of State. In 2017, Packard was demoted from Elections Director stemming from a misprinted ballot that cost the state nearly $500,000. The demotion cites a “failure to manage assigned subordinates” and “exercising poor judgment.” Personnel file details sexual harassment allegations against Ed Packard
In December 2021, Packard announced his candidacy for the nomination for Alabama Secretary of State in the May 24, 2022, in the Republican Primary Election. He qualified with the Alabama Republican Party on January 6, 2022. In the May 24, 2022 Republican Primary Election, Ed Packard came in last place, receiving 7.81% of the vote.
# Towanda Masonic Lodge No. 30 A.F. and A.M.

Towanda Masonic Lodge No. 30 A.F. and A.M. is a historic building located in Towanda, Kansas, built in 1904. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2004.
Originally constructed by Towanda Lodge No. 30 (which no longer exists), the building was used as a meeting hall until 1996, when it was sold to the City of Towanda and converted into a local history museum, the "Towanda Area Historical Museum".
# Eddie Tonks

Edward James Tonks CBE (30 December 1934 – 18 October 2020) was a New Zealand businessman and sports administrator. He served as chair of the New Zealand Rugby Football Union (NZRFU) between 1990 and 1995, and also chaired the International Rugby Board (IRB).

## Personal life

Tonks was born in Wellington on 30 December 1934. He was educated at Khandallah Primary School in Wellington, Waipu District High School, and then Wellington Technical College from 1948 to 1950. In 1958, Tonks married Claire Suzanne Poulton, and the couple went on to have two children.
Tonks died at his home in Wellington on 18 October 2020, aged 85.

## Career

As a businessman, Tonks had his own exporting company. He was prominent in the Wellington rugby community, and served as deputy chairman of the Wellington Rugby Union between 1977 and 1989. In 1986, Tonks was appointed to the board of the NZRFU, serving as deputy chair from 1988 to 1989, and then chair between 1990 and 1995. He was also chair of the IRB for a time. Tonks was closely involved in the organisation of the 1987 Rugby World Cup, as well as the transition of rugby union from an amateur to professional sport in 1996.
In the 1993 New Year Honours, Tonks was appointed a Commander of the Order of the British Empire, for services to rugby, and in 2004 he was made a life member of New Zealand Rugby.
# Tortorella

Tortorella is a town and comune of the province of Salerno, Campania, in south-western Italy.

## Geography

Located in southern Cilento, 11 km from the Cilentan Coast, Tortorella is a hill town located in the middle of a large forest area part of Cilento and Vallo di Diano National Park.
The bordering municipalities are Casaletto Spartano, Morigerati, Santa Marina, Sapri, Torraca, Vibonati and Rivello, the last in the regione of Basilicata. The only hamlet (frazione) is the village of Caselle.
# Edvin Frylén

Edvin Frylén (born 23 December 1975) is a retired Swedish ice hockey player. Frylén was part of the Djurgården Swedish champions' team of 2001. Frylén made 140 Elitserien appearances for Djurgården.

## Career statistics

| | | | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs |
| Season | Team | League | GP | G | A | Pts | PIM | GP | G | A | Pts | PIM |
| 1990–91 | Järfälla HC | Division 2 | 16 | 5 | 3 | 8 | 16 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1991–92 | Västerås IK J20 | Juniorserien | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1991–92 | Västerås IK | SHL | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1992–93 | Västerås IK J20 | JuniorAllsvenskan | 5 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 29 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1992–93 | Västerås IK | SHL | 29 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 14 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 1993–94 | Västerås IK J20 | JuniorAllsvenskan | 5 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 4 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1993–94 | Västerås IK | SHL | 32 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 26 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 1994–95 | Västerås IK J20 | J20 SuperElit | 11 | 7 | 5 | 12 | 8 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1994–95 | Västerås IK | SHL | 25 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 14 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 1994–95 | Avesta BK | Division 1 | 9 | 4 | 2 | 6 | 20 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1995–96 | Västerås IK | SHL | 39 | 8 | 5 | 13 | 16 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1995–96 | Surahammars IF | Division 1 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 4 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1996–97 | Västerås IK | SHL | 47 | 8 | 3 | 11 | 32 | 10 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 4 |
| 1997–98 | Västerås IK | SHL | 46 | 4 | 7 | 11 | 36 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1998–99 | Västerås IK | SHL | 50 | 6 | 20 | 26 | 36 | 10 | 5 | 0 | 5 | 18 |
| 1999–00 | Linköping HC | SHL | 45 | 10 | 6 | 16 | 30 | 4 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 29 |
| 2000–01 | Djurgårdens IF | SHL | 47 | 7 | 6 | 13 | 34 | 16 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 16 |
| 2001–02 | Djurgårdens IF | SHL | 48 | 8 | 4 | 12 | 44 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 2002–03 | Hannover Scorpions | DEL | 52 | 8 | 12 | 20 | 18 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2003–04 | Hannover Scorpions | DEL | 51 | 6 | 19 | 25 | 32 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2004–05 | Hannover Scorpions | DEL | 50 | 3 | 10 | 13 | 53 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2005–06 | Malmö Redhawks | Allsvenskan | 37 | 7 | 26 | 33 | 38 | 10 | 2 | 3 | 5 | 4 |
| 2006–07 | Malmö Redhawks | SHL | 55 | 8 | 12 | 20 | 36 | 10 | 2 | 5 | 7 | 10 |
| 2007–08 | Djurgårdens IF | SHL | 45 | 3 | 3 | 6 | 32 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| SHL totals | SHL totals | SHL totals | 510 | 65 | 69 | 134 | 350 | 71 | 9 | 10 | 19 | 79 |
# Eden Cemetery

Eden Cemetery may refer to:
* Eden Memorial Park Cemetery, Mission Hills, California
* Eden Cemetery (Collingdale, Pennsylvania), listed on the National Register of Historic Places in Delaware County, Pennsylvania
# Edna Township, Cass County, Iowa

Edna Township is one of sixteen townships in Cass County, Iowa, United States. As of the 2000 census, its population was 140.

## Geography

Edna Township covers an area of 34.67 square miles (89.8 km$^2$) and contains no incorporated settlements. According to the USGS, it contains two cemeteries: Reno and Calvary in the Saint Timothy Roman Catholic Church yard.

## History

Chief Mahaska was buried along the Nodaway River in Edna Township after he was killed in 1834.
# Trachylepis occidentalis

The western three-striped skink (Trachylepis occidentalis) is a species of skink found in Namibia, South Africa, Botswana, and Angola.
# Torres–Banks languages

The Torres–Banks languages form a linkage of Southern Oceanic languages spoken in the Torres Islands and Banks Islands of northern Vanuatu.

## Languages

François (2011) recognizes 17 languages spoken by 9,400 people in 50 villages, including 16 living (3 of which are moribund) and one extinct language.
The 17 languages, ranked from northwest to southeast, are:$^{:181}$
    LanguageNumber of speakersISO 639-3 codeIsland(s) spoken Hiw280[hiw]Hiw Lo-Toga580[lht]Tegua, Lo, Toga Lehali200[tql]Ureparapara Löyöp240[urr]Ureparapara Volowextinct[mlv]Mota Lava Mwotlap2100[mlv]Mota Lava Lemerig2 (moribund)[lrz]Vanua Lava Vera'a500[vra]Vanua Lava Vurës2000[msn]Vanua Lava Mwesen10 (moribund)[msn]Vanua Lava Mota750[mtt]Mota Nume700[tgs]Gaua Dorig300[wwo]Gaua Koro250[krf]Gaua Olrat3 (moribund)[olr]Gaua Lakon800[lkn]Gaua Mwerlap1100[mrm]Merelava

## Comparative studies

A. François has published several studies comparing various features of the Torres–Banks languages:
* François (2005): Inventories of vowel systems, and their historical development;
* François (2007): Systems of noun articles, and their historical development;
* François (2009): How several languages grammaticalized a set of light personal pronouns into markers for “aorist” aspect;
* François (2011): How Torres–Banks languages tend to show structural isomorphism, yet lexical diversity;
* François (2013): Etymological reconstruction of spiritual terms in Torres–Banks languages;
* François (2015): Systems of geocentric space directionals, and their historical development;
* François (2016): Historical morphology of personal pronouns.
François (2012) is a sociolinguistic study of the area.

## Genealogical structure of the Torres–Banks linkage

The internal structure of the Torres–Banks linkage was assessed based on the Comparative method, and presented in the framework of historical glottometry (François 2014, 2017; Kalyan & François 2018).
Kalyan & François (2018: 81) identified the following best-supported subgroups (in decreasing order of genealogical closeness):
* Mwotlap – Volow
* Hiw – Lo-Toga
* Vurës – Mwesen
* Lemerig – Vera'a
* Koro – Olrat – Lakon
* Dorig – Koro – Olrat – Lakon
* Olrat – Lakon
* Lehali – Löyöp – Mwotlap – Volow
* 15 Banks languages together (Lehali – Löyöp – Mwotlap – Volow – Lemerig – Vera'a – Vurës – Mwesen – Mota – Nume – Dorig – Koro – Olrat – Lakon – Mwerlap)
It is possible that the strict common ancestor of any two members of the Torres–Banks linkage is Proto-Oceanic itself.$^{:188}$ Evidence of this is found in the irregular preservation of final consonants in Lakon (via a now-lost paragogic vowel) in some words, consonants which were lost in most other languages.$^{:200}$

## Proto-language

The common ancestor of all Torres-Banks languages is called Proto-Torres–Banks, viewed here as a mutually-intelligible chain of dialects within the Torres and Banks islands.$^{:190}$
# Eerde, Ommen

Eerde is a hamlet in the province of Overijssel in the Netherlands. It is part of the municipality of Ommen, and lies about 21 km (13 mi) northwest of Almelo.
At the heart of the Eerde hamlet lies Eerde castle, a castle in the Dutch-classical style from 1715, surrounded by a 1,667 hectares (4,120 acres) estate in the Baroque style managed by the Natuurmonumenten foundation since 1965.
The first castle on this site was built in the 14th century, but was soon destroyed by the forces of the Archbishop of Utrecht in 1380. The Van Twickelo, Van Renesse, and Van Pallandt families have lived in castles on this site since.
In the early 1920s, baron Philip van Pallandt deeded the castle and surrounding land to the Order of the Star in the East, an organization connected to the famous philosopher and spiritual teacher Jiddu Krishnamurti, of whom the baron was an avid follower. The Order held annual gatherings of its members in the castle grounds until its dissolution in 1929; the deed to the estate was officially transferred back to the van Pallandt family in 1931, however Krishnamurti continued to occasionally use the estate for lectures and meetings until the outbreak of World War II. During the war the estate had been used as a concentration camp (Camp Erika) by the occupying German forces, and afterwards Krishnamurti felt this precluded its use as a proper meeting space.
In 1934, the castle was turned into a school for Jewish children threatened by the Nazi regime. This school, founded by the Quakers, had to be closed under pressure from the German occupiers in 1943. This boarding school was known as The International Quaker School Eerde.
After World War II in the castle a new boarding school was founded which is now known as International School Eerde, and it now offers IGCSEs and IB programmes to its students. Since the mid-fifties this school has no longer been run by the Quakers.
# Toys in the Attic (song)

"Toys in the Attic" is a song by American rock band Aerosmith. Written by Steven Tyler and Joe Perry, it is the first song and title track from the band's third album Toys in the Attic, their bestselling studio album in the United States. It was released as the B-side to the "You See Me Crying" single in 1975.

## Reception

Ultimate Classic Rock critic Michael Gallucci rated Perry's guitar riff in the song as Aerosmith's 10th greatest, and also said that Perry's "fierce solo sounds gutsier and angrier than usual."

## Achievements

The song "Toys in the Attic" is part of The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame's 500 Songs that Shaped Rock and Roll list.

## Other versions

The song is also featured on two of the band's live albums, Live! Bootleg (1978) and Classics Live II (1987). It is also found as a bonus track on some pressings of the career-spanning collection O, Yeah! Ultimate Aerosmith Hits (2002).

## Cover versions

R.E.M. recorded a version of the song in 1986 as a B-side to their single "Fall on Me". This can be found on Dead Letter Office, with guitarist Peter Buck saying that the song "...was always fun to play live."
It has also been covered by The Answer, Black Happy, Metal Church, Warrant, Ratt and Roadsaw.
Stephen Pearcy, Tracii Guns, Phil Soussan and Aynsley Dunbar performed it for the Aerosmith tribute album Not the Same Old Song and Dance (Eagle Records, 1999). Backing vocals were by David Glen Eisley. This version resurfaced on a set entitled Guns Box: Attitude for Destruction.
# Edward Elcha

William Edward Elcha (1885 – November 3, 1939) was an American photographer known for his Jazz Age Broadway photographs of Harlem performers and celebrities in the 1920s and 1930s. The Harry Ransom Center has his photographs in its collection. He also partnered with Percy Tappin, and The National Museum of African American History and Culture has a photo postcard from their studio of the Jenkins Orphanage Band from Charleston, South Carolina.

## Early life

Elcha was born and grew up in Springfield, Massachusetts. His father William was a waiter at the Haynes Hotel and his mother Cornelia A. Vandall was a painter.

## Career

Elcha apprenticed with Springfield photographer George Van Norman. He established his own studio in 1913. In 1915 he joined Aime Dupont Studio, a performing arts portrait studio in Manhattan where he worked for two years before joining Bachrach Studio and then Strand Studio in 1918. He partnered with J. Montanya in 1920 before becoming New York staff photographer for the Pittsburgh Courier. Elcha had various other studios and partnerships during his career.
Elcha documented performers and social gatherings in Jazz Age New York City. He married jazz singer Mary Elcha. He was friends with fellow photographer James VanDerZee.
He also painted, including nudes, and was busted by New York Society for the Suppression of Vice in 1930, but a judge Simpson referred to his paintings Sleeping Venus, Springtime, and Annunciation as masterful and he was back in business. He photographed Bessie Smith and her funeral procession, Helene Denizon, Kay Hamilton, Don Dickerman, Eva Tanguay, and Johnny Hudgins. In the summer of 1928 he became the Majestic Theatrical Circuit's photographer. He operated Progress Studio.
Elcha died of a heart attack November 3, 1939, at his home at 225 West 112th Street.
Photographer Anthony Barboza researched Elcha and wrote an article illustrated with a couple of dozen Elcha photos in American Legacy magazine in 2007.
# Crookes (disambiguation)

Crookes is a suburb of Sheffield, England; also:.
Crookes may also refer to:
* Crookes (ward), an electoral ward in Sheffield, England
* Crookes Cemetery, a cemetery in Sheffield
* Crookes Valley Park, a public park in Sheffield
* Crookes (crater), a lunar crater
* The Crookes, a pop music band
* Crookes tube, an experimental electrical discharge tube
* Crookes radiometer
* The Crookes (film), a 1974 Iranian Persian-genre crime film

## People

* Crookes (surname)
# Traction

Traction may refer to:

## Engineering

* Forces:
** Traction (mechanics), adhesive friction or force
** Traction vector, in mechanics, the force per unit area on a surface, including normal and shear components
* Traction motor, an electric motor used for propulsion of a vehicle, for example a car or a locomotive
* Railway electric traction, the use of electric motors to propel rail cars
* Traction engine, a self-propelled steam engine

## Other uses

* Traction (agency), San Francisco-based interactive advertising agency
* Traction (orthopedics), a set of mechanisms for straightening broken bones or relieving pressure on the skeletal system
* Traction (organization), a non-profit activism organization in North Carolina
* Traction (album), by New Zealand band Supergroove
* Traction TeamPage, a commercial blog/wiki software platform
* Traction (The Batman), 2nd episode of The Batman
* Traction (geology), a process which transports bed load through a channel
# Croajingolong National Park

The Croajingolong National Park is a coastal national park located in the East Gippsland region of the Australian state of Victoria. The 88,355-hectare (218,330-acre) national park is situated approximately 450 kilometres (280 mi) east of Melbourne and 500 kilometres (310 mi) south of Sydney.
The name Croajingolong derives from the Australian Aboriginal Krauatungalung words galung, meaning "belonging to" and kraua, meaning "east".

## Location and features

The park is linear in shape and bordered on the southern side by the Tasman Sea of the South Pacific Ocean, the western side by Bemm River and the eastern side by the township of Mallacoota. Its northern boundary consists of dense bushland and low hills. The dimensions of the park are approximately 80 kilometres (50 mi) by 20 kilometres (12 mi), with an area of 875 square kilometres (338 sq mi). The 100 kilometres (62 mi) Wilderness Coast Walk stretches the entire length of the park along beaches, through heathland and round rocky headlands.
Croajingolong National Park, with the adjoining Nadgee Nature Reserve in New South Wales, forms one of only twelve World Biosphere areas in Australia. It contains ecosystems, habitats and gene pools that are managed sustainably. The park encloses the Sandpatch Wilderness Area and is contiguous with the Cape Howe Wilderness Area, the Nadgee Nature Reserve and the Cape Howe Marine National Park.

### Important Bird Area

The eastern section of the park lies within the Nadgee to Mallacoota Inlet Important Bird Area, so identified by BirdLife International because it supports populations of eastern bristlebirds and pilotbirds as well as other significant fauna.

## Visitor attractions

Croajingolong's landscapes are so spectacular and environmentally significant that the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) nominated it a World Biosphere Reserve in 1977. The park houses impressive biodiversity, including almost 1,000 native plant species and 315 animal species.
The diverse coastal landscapes feature rocky outcrops, large stretches of sandy beaches, coastal dunes and freshwater rivers, making the park a popular destination for hiking and walking, swimming, diving, snorkelling and sea kayaking.
A popular way to explore the remote wilderness and diverse flora and fauna of the national park is on the Wilderness Coast Walk, which extends 45 kilometres from Thurra River camping area to Shipwreck Creek.
Popular destinations within the park include:
* Point Hicks and its lighthouse
* Tamboon Inlet resort town
* Spectacular sand dunes at Thurra River
* Lake Elusive near Wingan Inlet
* Mount Everard
* Rame Head
Camping spots exist at Wingan Inlet, Shipwreck Creek and Peachtree Creek and are all accessible by car. The camp sites at Mueller Inlet and Thurra River are privately managed. Most campgrounds are equipped with picnic facilities and fireplaces.
Nearby towns are Mallacoota, Genoa, Cann River, Bemm River and Orbost.
# Croagh Patrick Heritage Trail

The Croagh Patrick Heritage Trail (Irish: Siúlóid Oidhreachta) is a long-distance trail in County Mayo, Ireland. It is 61 kilometres (38 miles) long and begins in Balla and ends in Murrisk. It is typically completed in three days. It is designated as a National Waymarked Trail by the National Trails Office of the Irish Sports Council and is managed by the Tóchar Valley Rural Community Network. It was opened by Éamon Ó Cuív, TD, Minister for Community, Rural and Gaeltacht Affairs on 6 March 2009. The trail won the runners-up prize in the Heritage category of the 2009 Co-operation Ireland Pride of Place awards.
The trail travels in a westerly direction from Balla on a mixture of quiet roads, boreens, fields and forest and mountain tracks past the villages of Clogher, Ballintubber, Killavally and Aghagower before crossing the northern flanks of Croagh Patrick to reach Murrisk.
In November 2016, it was announced that a government fund of €34,600 would be made available for the trail's improvement. In addition, it was announced that €25,000 would be provided for the development of a Trailhead at Knock and to extend the section of the trail from Balla to Knock. Finally, it was made public that €9,600 would be provided for the implementation of updated signage on the Balla to Murrisk section of the route.
# Toyomatsu Shimoda

Toyomatsu Shimoda (下田豊松, Shimoda Toyomatsu) (1887 - October 10, 1972), born in Iwanai District, Hokkaidō, helped to establish what became the Scout Association of Japan. He was Japan's first Chief Scout.

## Background

His father, Shimoda Nisaburō (下田仁三郎), participated in the "Kigyōsha" (起業社) organization from the Kanezawa han, which developed land to make it suitable for habitation. After graduating from Hakodate Commercial High School (函館商業高等学校, Hakodate Shōgyō Kōtō Gakkō), he worked as an army officer.

## Scouting

In 1914, during the fall season training of the Army Seventh Division, he was asked by Lieutenant General Utsunomiya Tarō (宇都宮太郎), to set up a youth organization and in 1916, he founded the Hokkaido Iwanai Youth Organization (北海道岩内少年団, Hokkaidō Iwanai Shōnendan).
In 1920, from July 30 to August 7, he participated in the first World Scout Jamboree, held in London. The other participants from Japan were Koshiba Hiroshi and Richard Suzuki. He also met Sir Robert Baden-Powell.
After returning from the jamboree, he established the Nihon Kenjidan (日本健児団) ("Japan Stalwart Youth Troop") in 1921, and worked as Japan's first Chief Scout, using his own home as the organization's office.
In 1928, while climbing the Niseko mountain range, he discovered a beautiful marsh area. Moved by its beauty, he named it Shinsennuma (神仙沼), meaning "a marsh where gods and sennin live."

## Legacy

In 1964, the Japanese Scout Association awarded him the title of Senior Scout (先達, sendatsu). The Shimoda Toyomatsu Memorial Hall, Kutchan, Abuta District, Hokkaidō is named in his honor.

## Related books

* The tale of Shimoda Toyomatsu - the unnamed first Chief Scout (下田豊松物語 - 無名の初代チーフスカウト, Shimoda Toyomatsu Monogatari - Mumei no Shodai Chief Scout) (Kuniichi Komachi, Kuni Scouting Library)