OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Cholangiocyte

Cholangiocytes are the epithelial cells of the bile duct. They are cuboidal epithelium in the small interlobular bile ducts, but become columnar and carbonate-secreting in larger bile ducts approaching the porta hepatis and the extrahepatic ducts. They contribute to hepatocyte survival by transporting bile acids.

## Function

In the healthy liver, cholangiocytes contribute to bile secretion via release of bicarbonate and water. Several hormones and locally acting mediators are known to contribute to cholangiocyte fluid/electrolyte secretion. These include secretin, acetylcholine, ATP, and bombesin.
Cholangiocytes act through bile-acid independent bile flow, which is driven by the active transport of electrolytes. In contrast, hepatocytes secrete bile through bile-acid dependent bile flow, which is coupled to canalicular secretion of bile acids via ATP-driven transporters. This results in passive transcellular and paracellular secretion of fluid and electrolytes through an osmotic effect.

## Clinical significance

Disordered functioning of cholangiocytes is at the center of a variety of pathological conditions known as "cholangiopathies." These diseases include primary biliary cirrhosis, primary sclerosing cholangitis, AIDS cholangiopathy, disappearing bile duct syndromes, Alagille's syndrome, cystic fibrosis, and biliary atresia. Often either the best or the only curative treatment option for cholangiopathies is liver transplantation, and as a group, cholangiopathies account for a substantial percentage of both adult and pediatric liver transplants.

## Research

Active scientific investigation of cholangiocytes focuses on such diverse processes as mechanisms of fluid/electrolyte secretion, regulation of cholangiocyte proliferation, roles of cholangiocytes in the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis and cirrhosis, and cholangiocyte apoptosis. Specific investigation of individual cholangiopathies is also pursued actively.
# Caecoparvus

Caecoparvus is a genus of ground beetles in the family Carabidae. There are more than 20 described species in Caecoparvus.

## Species

These 23 species belong to the genus Caecoparvus:
* Caecoparvus achaiae Giachino & Vailati, 2011
* Caecoparvus anatolicus (Jedlicka, 1968)
* Caecoparvus arcadicus (G.Müller, 1935)
* Caecoparvus assingi Giachino & Vailati, 2019
* Caecoparvus berrutii Giachino & Vailati, 2011
* Caecoparvus bialookii Giachino & Vailati, 2019
* Caecoparvus brachati Giachino & Vailati, 2019
* Caecoparvus daccordii Giachino & Vailati, 2011
* Caecoparvus hercules Giachino & Vailati, 2011
* Caecoparvus karavae Giachino & Vailati, 2011
* Caecoparvus leonidae Giachino & Vailati, 2011
* Caecoparvus lompei Giachino & Vailati, 2011
* Caecoparvus lydiae Giachino & Vailati, 2019
* Caecoparvus marchesii Giachino & Vailati, 2011
* Caecoparvus meschniggi (Winkler, 1936)
* Caecoparvus meybohmi Giachino & Vailati, 2019
* Caecoparvus muelleri (Ganglbauer, 1900)
* Caecoparvus parnassicus (Breit, 1923)
* Caecoparvus pavesii Giachino & Vailati, 2011
* Caecoparvus sciakyi Giachino & Vailati, 2011
* Caecoparvus tauricus Giachino & Vailati, 2019
* Caecoparvus tokatensis (Vigna Taglianti, 1976)
* Caecoparvus vavrai Giachino & Vailati, 2019
# Wang Xianzhi (calligrapher)

Wang Xianzhi (simplified Chinese: 王献之; traditional Chinese: 王獻之; pinyin: Wáng Xiànzhī; Wade–Giles: Wang Hsien-chih, 344–386), courtesy name Zijing (子敬), was a famous Chinese calligrapher of the Eastern Jin dynasty.
Xianzhi was born to the Wang clan of Langya, an influential kin group descended from the Qin dynasty general Wang Jian. He was the seventh and youngest son of the famed calligrapher Wang Xizhi. Wang inherited his father's talent for the arts, and although several of his siblings were notable calligraphers, only Xianzhi was able to eventually equal his father in status, with the pair later attaining the appellation, "The Two Wangs (二王 èr wáng)." Wang Xianzhi's (also referred to as "Wang Junior" 小王) style is substantially more fluid and stylistic than that of his father ("Wang Senior" 大王), whose structural firmness nonetheless remains unrivaled. Xianzhi's most celebrated accomplishment is his refinement of the "running-cursive" script (行草), a writing style which, as the name implies, combines features of both the cursive and running scripts. The Duck-Head Pills Letter is an outstanding example of this technique. Another of Xianzhi's accomplishments is the extensive application of the "one-stroke writing" technique for (cursive script), historically (though perhaps incorrectly) attributed to Zhang Zhi (張芝) of the Late Han, which strings together several characters (typically three to four) into a single stroke or renders a complex character in a rather convoluted single stroke. Until the Tang dynasty, Wang Xianzhi's influence and reputation largely surpassed that of his father.
Wang Xizhi noticed Xianzhi's talent early on and started training him in calligraphy at around the age of seven. According to one popular anecdote, Wang Xizhi once unsuccessfully tried to snatch Xianzhi's brush from behind while the latter was writing. Being amazed at Xianzhi's strong grip, Wang Xizhi remarked, "This son of mine is destined for fame!" Wang Xianzhi continued to practice diligently into adulthood until finally becoming as skilled as his father. Xianzhi died at age 42 while still in his prime. By comparison, his father did not produce many of the works he is most known for until his late forties and fifties, including the work he is most well known for (though this attribution remains controversial), Lantingji Xu or Preface to the Poems Composed at the Orchid Pavilion. Along with his father Wang Xizhi, Zhong Yao (鐘繇) and Zhang Zhi, Wang Xianzhi is recognized as one of the "Four Worthies of Calligraphy (書中四賢 shūzhōng sìxián)."

## Representative works

* Mid-Autumn Letter (中秋帖)
* Tang dynasty copy of Dihuang Soup Letter (黃湯帖)
* Tang dynasty copy of Duck Head Pills Letter (鴨頭丸帖)
* Tang dynasty copy of Twenty-ninth Day Letter (廿九日帖)
# Rodionovia

Rodionovia is a genus of mites in the family Acaridae.

## Species

* Rodionovia helenae (Sevastianov & Tamam-Nasem-Marros, 1993)
# Bruce King (American football)

Bruce King (born January 7, 1963) is a former American football fullback in the National Football League (NFL). He split his 3-year career with the Kansas City Chiefs and the Buffalo Bills. He played college football at Purdue. During his career, King was the only rookie fullback/running back to start on opening day of the 1985 season.

## Early life

King graduated from Heritage Hills High School, where he helped lead the Patriots to a 3-year record of 25–5 (1978 season 6–4, 1979 season 9–1, 1980 season 10–0), were consistently ranked in the Top Ten and won 2 PAC conference titles. A two-way player (Running Back & Linebacker), King was an Indiana North-South All-Star, winning MVP honors. He was tapped as an All-Region, All-State and All-American; spurning offers from the Michigan Wolverines and Ohio State Buckeyes, he accepted a scholarship to play football for Jim Young and study engineering at Purdue University.
Following his collegiate career, he was awarded the Rabold Award from the Indiana Football Coaches Association for "Excellence in College Football," joining the ranks of other award winners such as Mark Herrmann, Rod Woodson, Darrick Brownlow, Kevin Hardy, Roosevelt Colvin, Jay Cutler and Anthony Spencer.
A multi-sport athlete, he helped led the Patriots to their first (of 11) IHSAA Sectional Titles during the 1979-80 basketball season. He also lettered in baseball and track & field.
In 2022, he was selected for induction into the Indiana Football Hall of Fame.

## College career

King attended Purdue University for four years; he was selected as Captain for his senior season and helped lead Purdue to the 1984 Peach Bowl, during which he led the Boilermakers in total offense. He averaged 5.6 yards per attempt; totaling over 1,100 yards and scoring 7 touchdowns during his Purdue career before graduating in 1985 with a bachelor's degree in management. He was a 3-year starter, blocking for future NFL great Mel Gray and Jim Everett. Fellow offensive backfield teammates were future Pittsburgh Steelers running back Rodney Carter, Eric Jordan of the Oakland Invaders and Ray Wallace of the Houston Oilers and Pittsburgh Steelers .

## Professional career

King was drafted by the Oakland Invaders of the USFL in the 8th round of the 1985 draft but chose to sign with the Kansas City Chiefs of the NFL, having been taken by the Chiefs in the 5th round of the NFL draft, as the 126th player taken overall. King started 6 games as a rookie fullback with the Chiefs, gaining 83 yards. He was traded to the Buffalo Bills 4 games into the 1986 season. He spent the entire 1987 season with the Bills, gaining 28 yards in 2 starts. After the end of the 1987 NFL players strike and a try-out with the Miami Dolphins, he retired from professional football.
# Hayot afsunlari

Hayot afsunlari is a 2021 Uzbek action drama film directed by Khasan Alijonov. It brings together actors Tahir Saidov and Shoxrux Hamdamov, who play the role of a professional fraudster who is forced to work together on a job, despite the fact that they prefer to work as people who endure life's trials. The film also stars Lola Eltoyeva, Ilmira Rahimjonova and Nigina Anorboyeva.

## Premise

The movie "HAYOT AFSUNLARI" is about the activities of the neighborhood, and based on the events, the work being done to develop the neighborhood institution is described.

## Cast

* Tohir Saidov
* Shoxrux Hamdamov
* Lola Eltoyeva
* Ilmira Rahimjonova
* Nigina Anorboyeva
* Gulruh Pirnazarova
* Bahodir Murodov.

## Production

Djavlon Kamolov announced the film in 2019. He also confirmed via Instagram that the film would star his brother-in-law Tohir Saidov and would be directed by Khasan Alijonov. Saidmalik Kadirov was confirmed as the second director.
The film's principal photography commenced with Tohir Saidov in November 2019, and Shoxrux Hamdamov joined the sets in December 2019 and the second schedule in 2021. Filming was wrapped up in 2021, but later Shohrux's some more scenes were added-on to the movie and Shohrux shot that scenes in the first week of May 2021.
# Karanfiller, Çine

Karanfiller is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Çine, Aydın Province, Turkey. Its population is 66 (2022).
# Kalpathy River

The Kalpathy River, also known as the Kalpathipuzha, is one of the main tributaries of the Bharathapuzha River, the second-longest river in Kerala, south India.
The Kalpathipuzha originates in the upper slopes of the Western Ghats deep inside Palakkad district from the place called Chenthamarakulam in the hills, north of Walayar. It is formed from the confluence of four tributaries, namely the Malampuzha River, Walayar River, Korayar River, and Varattar River. The Malampuzha Dam is built across this river just before Palakkad city. The river is named after the Kalpathy Siva temple in the city which is famous for its festival.
One of the problems faced by the Kalpathipuzha, like most other rivers in Kerala, is illegal sand mining. This has left many pits in the riverbed, which leads to shrub growth. During summer the river is covered by a green carpet of Water Hyacinth and other shrubs.

## Other tributaries of the Kalpathy

* Korayar
* Varattar
* Walayar
* Malampuzha
# Colletotrichum coffeanum

Colletotrichum coffeanum is a species of fungal plant pathogen affecting mainly the species Coffea arabica and occasionally other species of the genus Coffea. Upon infection, the pathogen can cause coffee berry disease (CBD) which is also known as Brown Blight when it occurs on younger fruits still green in color. The fungus was first reported in Kenya in 1922, and is found throughout most of Africa. C. coffeanum is only found in Africa, but other species of Colletotrichum can be found throughout the rest of the world.

## Symptoms when infected

Infection can take place in as short a time as 2 hours, and can infect any part of the plant. Berries are most susceptible 4–14 weeks after flowering, during their expansion phase. Active lesions of the fungus are first noticeable as brown, sunken spots which quickly spread across the entire fruit. When C. coffeanum creates spores, it is evident by a pink crust on the surface of the infected area. The bean can stop growing if the infection is set early on in its development. The infection of the crop can significantly reduce the amount of fruit a farm can produce per year.

## Prevention

Pruning practices and the use of fungicides can aid in the prevention of infection by this pathogen. The most effective fungicides are "50% copper formulations, captafol, chlorothalonil, benomyl, thiophanate-methyl, thiabendazole, and dithianon."
# Kumai (disambiguation)

Kumai may refer to:
* Kumai, subdistrict in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia
* Kumai language, aka Wahgi, a Trans–New Guinea language spoken in the highlands of Papua New Guinea
* Kumai River, river in Central Kalimantan
* Kumai (village), village in the Indian state of Bihar
* Kumai Bahun, better known as Kumaoni people
* Kumai (surname)
# Whidbey Isles Conservation Park

The Whidbey Isles Conservation Park is a protected area in the Australian state of South Australia which consists of seven islands located about 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) west-southwest of Coffin Bay on the lower Eyre Peninsula.
The conservation park consists of all of the islands in Whidbey Isles, i.e. the Four Hummocks group, Perforated Island, Price Island and Golden Island, with the exception of the most southerly island in the Four Hummocks which is the subject of a lighthouse reserve under the control of the Australian government.$^{:7,40&41}$
The land within the conservation park first acquired protected area status as a Fauna Conservation Reserve declared under the Crown Lands Act 1929 on 16 March 1967. On 27 April 1972, the fauna conservation reserve was reconstituted as the Whidbey Isles Conservation Park under the National Parks and Wildlife Act 1972. On 19 December 1991, additional land was added to the conservation park to extend protection over land located between high tide and low tide. As of 2019, it covered an area of 2.48 square kilometres (0.96 sq mi).
The Isles supports breeding populations of seabirds and marine mammals. Colonies of the endangered Australian Sea-lion (Neophoca cinerea) and protected New Zealand Fur-seal (Arctophoca forsteri) occur on some of these islands.$^{:7}$
In 1980, the conservation park was described as follows:
   A string of widely scattered islands stretching west-south-west from Point Avoid. The closer islands are limestone, flat with rugged cliffed coastlines and a low shrub vegetation. The Four Hummocks, the most seaward islands of the group and the unnamed rock west of Perforated Island are granite domes with grassy summits.
   A group of rugged islands supporting a diverse sea-bird community including breeding populations of short-tailed shearwaters, fairy penguins and rock parrots. The white-breasted sea-eagle and osprey are known to utilise the islands which also support breeding populations of the Australian sea-lion and New Zealand fur seal. The rugged nature of the islands gives them considerable scenic value.
   The islands are in pristine condition in the absence of introduced predators and competitors. The southernmost of the Four Hummocks Group is a light house reserve and excluded from the park.
The conservation park is classified as an IUCN Category Ia protected area. In 1980, it was listed on the now-defunct Register of the National Estate. A 1996 survey of South Australia's offshore island identified the Four Hummocks as a little penguin breeding site.
# Caeciri

Caeciri was a Roman–Berber civitas (town) and ancient diocese in Africa Proconsularis. Its exact location is unknown, though it must have been in the Sahel, Tunisia region south of Algiers in modern Algeria.

## History

Caeciri must have been of some size as it was the seat of an ancient Christian bishopric, which survives today as a titular see of the Roman Catholic Church. Only one bishop is known from antiquity, Quobolo, who took part in the Council of Carthage (646). The current bishop of Caeciri is Antonio Arcari, who succeeded Miklós Beer. Other bishops include José Domínguez Rodríguez of Cuba and Eduardo Francisca Pironio.
# Charles Bertrand

Charles Bertrand may refer to:
* Charles Bertrand (politician) (1824–1896), Quebec businessman, seigneur and political figure
* Charles Bertrand (ice hockey) (born 1991), French ice hockey player
* Charles Eugène Bertrand (1851–1917), French botanist, paleobotanist and geologist
# Jeanne Kissner

Jeanne Kissner (1942 - 19 February 1999) was an American student of Quebec studies. She was president of the American Council for Quebec Studies from 1988 to 1990 and a member of the AATF executive board for four years. She was co-chairperson of the National Consortium for Teaching Canada from 1992 to 1996 and a founding member of the Association internationale d'etudes quebecoises in 1997.
She was praised by Louise Beaudoin, Quebec Minister for International Affairs, for her contribution to Quebec studies who said "Par sa curiosite, sa conscience professionnelle, son sens de l'amitie, elle a contribue plus que quiconque a etendre la comprehension du Quebec."
In 2000 she was the subject of a festschrift titled Women Writing in Quebec; Essays in Honor of Jeanne Kissner published by Plattsburgh State University.
# Yoshinori Tokura

Yoshinori Tokura (十倉 好紀, Tokura Yoshinori, born March 1, 1954) ForMemRS is a Japanese physicist, Professor at University of Tokyo and Director of Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS) at RIKEN. He is a specialist in physics of strongly correlated electron systems and known for his work in high-temperature superconductivity, Mott transition, colossal magnetoresistance, Multiferroics, and magnetic skyrmions.

## Biography

Tokura was born in Nishiwaki, Hyōgo, Japan. He holds a: B.S. in Applied Physics, the University of Tokyo (1976), and a M.S. (1978) and Ph.D (1981) in that subject from the same university. His subsequent career has also been at the University of Tokyo, rising from Research Associate to Lecturer in the Dept. of Applied Physics, then Assistant Professor and Professor in the Dept. of Physics, and finally, from 1995 on, Professor in Dept. of Applied Physics.
In addition has been
* 1993 – 2002: Group Leader, Joint Research Center for Atom Technology (JRCAT)
* 2001 – 2008: Director, Correlated Electron Research Center (CERC), AIST
* 2001 – 2007: Research Director, Tokura Spin Superstructure, ERATO-JST
* 2006 – 2012: Research Director, Tokura Multiferroics Project, ERATO-JST
* 2007 – 2013: Group Director, Cross-Correlated Materials Research Group (CMRG), RIKEN
* 2008–present: AIST Fellow, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)
* 2010 – 2013: Center Director, Quantum-Phase Electronics Center (QPEC), School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo
* 2010 – 2013: Director, Emergent Materials Department, RIKEN Advanced Science Institute
* 2010 – 2013: Group Director, Correlated Electron Research Group (CERG), RIKEN Advanced Science Institute
* 2013–Present: Director of Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS)

## Academy

He is a Member of the Science Council of Japan, and a Foreign Member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences (2014 – )

## Recognition

* 1990: Nishina Memorial Prize
* 1990: IBM Japan Science Prize
* 1991: Bernd T. Matthias Prize
* 1998: Nissan Science Prize
* 1999: JPS Award for Academic Papers on Physics
* 2002: Asahi Prize
* 2002: ISI Citation Laureate Award （Department of Applied Physics）
* 2003: Medal with Purple Ribbon
* 2005: James C. McGroddy Prize for New Materials
* 2011: 52nd Fujihara Award
* 2012: IUPAP Magnetism Award and Néel Medal
* 2013: Imperial Prize of the Japan Academy
* 2014: Honorary Doctor at Uppsala University
* 2014: 55th Honda Memorial Award
* 2014: Thomson Reuters Citation Laureates
* 2020: Person of Cultural Merit
* 2022: Members of the Japan Academy
* 2023: Foreign Member of the Royal Society
* 2023: Leo Esaki Award
# Karate at the 2023 European Games – Women's kumite 50 kg

The women's kumite 50 kg competition at the 2023 European Games was held on 22 June 2023 at the Bielsko-Biała Arena.

## Results
### Elimination round
#### Pool A

| Pos | Athlete | B | W | D | D$^0$ | L | Pts | Score | | | | |
| 1 | Erminia Perfetto (ITA) | 3 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 6 | 9–5 | — | 4–4 | 5–1 | 0–0 |
| 2 | Serap Özçelik Arapoğlu (TUR) | 3 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 7–5 | 4–4 | — | 3–1 | 0–0 |
| 3 | Fidan Teymurova (AZE) | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 3 | 5–9 | 1–5 | 1–3 | — | 3–1 |
| 4 | Shara Hubrich (GER) | 3 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1–3 | 0–0 | 0–0 | 1–3 | — |
* 1 2 Özçelik Arapoğlu (TUR) 3–1 Teymurova (AZE)

#### Pool B

| Pos | Athlete | B | W | D | D$^0$ | L | Pts | Score | | | | |
| 1 | Bettina Plank (AUT) | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 9 | 10–2 | — | 1–0 | 4–1 | 5–1 |
| 2 | Irene Kontou (CYP) | 3 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 6 | 7–1 | 0–1 | — | 3–0 | 4–0 |
| 3 | Kateryna Kryva (UKR) | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 3 | 2–7 | 1–4 | 0–3 | — | 1–0 |
| 4 | Maria Depta (POL) | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 1–10 | 1–5 | 0–4 | 0–1 | — |

### Finals

| Semifinals | Semifinals | Gold medal bout | Gold medal bout |
| Irene Kontou (CYP) | 0 |
| Erminia Perfetto (ITA) | 1 | | |
| Erminia Perfetto (ITA) | 1 | Erminia Perfetto (ITA) | 0 |
| | | Bettina Plank (AUT) | 1 |
| Serap Özçelik Arapoğlu (TUR) | 3 | Bettina Plank (AUT) | 1 |
| Bettina Plank (AUT) | 5 | | |
# Kalpathy Balakrishnan

Kalpathy Balakrishnan is an Indian percussionist who plays the chenda (a traditional Kerala drum), Thayambaka, Panchari melam, and Panchavadyam. He was born in the village called Kalpathy in the Palakkad district of Kerala. He won the Kerala Sangeetha Nataka Akademi Award for the best thayambaka artist in 2009.
# Kumai (surname)

Kumai is a Japanese surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Candice Kumai, American author and chef
* Kei Kumai (熊井 啓, 1930 – 2007), Japanese film director
* Kouhei Kumai (熊井 幸平, born 1990), Japanese actor
* Motoko Kumai (熊井 統子, born 1970), Japanese voice actress
* Shunichi Kumai (熊井 俊一), Japanese football player
* Yurina Kumai (熊井 友理奈, born 1993), Japanese idol singer (Berryz Kobo)
# Western Institute of Technology

The Western Institute of Technology is the name given to a number of Institutes of technology or places of Higher education around the world.
These include:
* Western Institute of Technology (Philippines)
* Western Institute of Technology and Higher Education, Mexico
* Western Institute of Technology at Taranaki, New Zealand
* Western Australian Institute of Technology
# Cielo S.A.

Cielo is the largest Brazilian credit and debit card operator. Cielo is the biggest payment system company in Latin America by revenue and market value.

## History

Companhia Brasileira de Meios de Pagamento (Brazilian Company of Means of Payment), dba VisaNet, was founded in 1995 as a joint-venture between Visa International and the banks Bradesco, Banco do Brasil, Banco Real (currently Banco Santander), and the now defunct Banco Nacional. Its purpose was to create a common infrastructure to be used by all banks issuing Visa cards, instead of each bank having a separate technological solution to process credit card transactions.
On July 1, 2010, VisaNet was renamed Cielo and was no longer the only processor of Visa cards in Brasil, following a regulation by the Brazilian government. Its main competitor, Rede, was now allowed to process Visa cards, and Cielo was allowed to process Mastercard, Diners Club and other cards which were only processed by Redecard.

## IPO

VisaNet debuted on the São Paulo Stock Exchange on June 29, 2010 listed in Novo Mercado. It was the third largest IPO in the history of Bovespa, only behind Banco Santander Brasil and BB Seguridade. The company raised the equivalent of R$ 8.397 billion or US$ 4.428 billion through the sale of 559.8 million ordinary shares, 41% of the shares of the company.