OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Josephine Mason Milligan

Josephine Mason Wade Milligan (February 27, 1835 – July 5, 1911) was a botanist, wildflower collector, and writer who donated her herbarium to the Smithsonian Institution. She collected plants in various states around the world, those including Massachusetts, Michigan, Illinois, Tennessee, Virginia, Florida, Alabama, Louisiana, Missouri, Nebraska, Kansas, Colorado, Texas, and Montana between 1863 and 1893.

## Biography

Milligan was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania to Nelson and Royina Mason Wade. She married Harvey William Milligan in Brownsport Furnace, Tennessee on March 16, 1856. They later moved to Milligan lived in Jacksonville, Illinois and had five children, three of whom survived into adulthood: George, Josephine and Laurance.
Milligan founded the Jacksonville Sorosis in 1868, the oldest surviving women's literary society in the United States, and the Jacksonville Household Science Club in 1885. She was one of the earliest members of the Jacksonville Natural History Society, a member of the Microscopical Society, and a contributing writer to the New York Tribune. She was honored by the Illinois State Historical Society which created a miniature figurine of her which was displayed in the State Library.
# Chinese ship Hefei

A number of vessels of the People's Liberation Army Navy have borne the name Hefei, after the capital Hefei.
* Chinese destroyer Hefei (132), a Type 051Z destroyer. In service from 1980 until 2013.
* Chinese destroyer Hefei (174), a Type 052D destroyer, in service since 2015.
# Court jester (disambiguation)

A court jester is a type of entertainer.
Court jester may also refer to:
* The Court Jester, a 1956 film
* The Court Jesters, an improv company
* The Court Jesters (band)
* Court Jester goby, a species of fish
* Court jester hypothesis, in evolutionary biology
# Siege of Augustodunum Haeduorum

The Siege of Augustodunum Haeduorum took place in 269-270, Augustodunum (modern-day Autun in Burgundy, eastern France). Victorinus had been declared emperor by the troops located at Augusta Treverorum in the fall of 269. However, only the provinces of Gaul, Germania and Britain recognised him.
Hispania deserted the Gallic Empire and declared its loyalty to Claudius Gothicus. Claudius sent his general Placidianus to Gaul to take on Victorinus. Placidianus captured Cularo. This inspired the city of Augustodunum Haeduorum to abandon Victorinus and declare its intention to declare for Claudius Gothicus. This forced Victorinus to march south and besiege it.
Claudius did not send troops to the city, which fell after seven months. Victorinus’ troops plundered and destroyed the city. However Victorinus would be murdered shortly afterwards.
# Chongxian Township, Xingguo County

Chongxian Township (simplified Chinese: 崇贤乡; traditional Chinese: 崇賢鄉; pinyin: Chóngxián Xiāng) is a township in Xingguo County, Jiangxi, China. As of 2020, it administers the following twelve villages:
* Chongxian Village
* Chongyi Village (崇义村)
* Dongfeng Village (东风村)
* Longtan She Ethnic Village (龙潭畲族村)
* Shangmian Village (上沔村)
* Xiaguang Village (霞光村)
* Taiping Village (太平村)
* Sanjiao Village (三角村)
* Hetang Village (贺堂村)
* Dalong Village (大龙村)
* Beisheng Village (北胜村)
* Qifen Village (齐分村)
# Joachim Otto Voigt

Joachim Otto Voigt, (22 March 1798, in Nordborg, on the island of Als – 22 June 1843, in London) was a Danish and German botanist and surgeon specializing in seed plants and pteridophytes.
In 1826 he was assigned regimental surgeon in Frederiksnagore, Danish India, where in 1834 he was appointed manager of its botanical garden. From 1841 to 1843 he was manager of the botanical garden in Calcutta. He died of illness in London on his voyage back to Denmark.
He was the author of Hortus suburbanus Calcuttensis (1845), a catalog of plants in East India Company's botanical garden at Calcutta as well as plants in the botanical garden at Frederiksnagore.
# Chron (album)

Chron (released 10 January 2014 in Oslo, Norway on the label Rune Grammofon – AD36267-01) is an album by Arve Henriksen.
Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| All About Jazz | |
| Allmusic | |
| NormanRecords.com | |

## Background

Chron was originally a part of the six piece vinyl release Solidification (2012). In 2014 Chron was also released as a CD release together with the album Cosmic Creation on Rune Grammofon. On Chron, Henriksen is exploring sounds and musical landscapes where his distinctive, whispering trumpet song is accompanied by strongly processed field recordings as well as an array of electronic instruments, to invite the listener towards inner pictorial creation.

## Track listing

    All compositions by Arve Henriksen

## Personnel

* Arve Henriksen - trumpet, voice, electronics

## Credits

* Design by Kim Hiorthøy
* Mastered by Helge Sten
* Recorded by Arve Henriksen
* Produced by Arve Henriksen
# Righteousness and Humidity

Righteousness And Humidity is a 2003 album recorded by the English guitarist Martin Simpson and released on the Topic Records label.

## Track listing

* "John Hardy" (Trad.) 3:43
* "Horn Island" (Martin Simpson) 3:38
* "I Can't Keep Myself From Crying Sometime" (Trad.) 5:47
* "Easy Money" (Martin Simpson) 2:45
* "Payday" (Trad.) 3:15
* "This World Is A Trouble And A Trial" (Trad.) 2:06
* "Ghosts In The Pines" (Martin Simpson) 1:31
* "The Coo Coo Bird" (Trad.) 4:04
* "Love Never Dies" (Martin Simpson) 4:24
* "Some Dark Holler" (Trad.) 2:29
* "Rico" (Martin Simpson) 4:19
* "Georgie" (Trad.) 6:23
* "Wild Bill Jones" (Trad.) 5:02
* "The Devil's Partiality" (Gallivan Burwell) 3:52
* "Rollin' And Tumblin'" (Trad.) 3:58
* "The Last Shot Got Him" (Trad.) 2:03
# Joseph Holman

Joseph Holman may refer to:
* Joseph W. Holman (1890–1952), architect with Marr & Holman, Nashville, Tennessee
* Joseph George Holman (1764–1817), English actor and dramatist
# Chips (company)

The Chips Group (formerly Taffel Chips) was a company based in Åland, an autonomous territory of Finland, producing potato chips (i.e. crisps, in British English) and other savoury delights since the establishment of Chips Ab Suomi in 1969 as the first potato chips producer in the country. The company was bought by the Norwegian Orkla ASA in 2005 together with Oy Panda Ab. Production of snacks and frozen potato products still continues in Haraldsby, Åland as part of Orkla Confectionery & Snacks Finland Ab. This business is integrated within the group as part of Orkla Suomi, one of its four business areas in Finland.
Four kilograms of potatoes are needed to produce one kilogram of Taffel chips.
In 2013, Chips and Panda merged into Orkla Confectionery & Snacks Finland.
# Dragojevići

Dragojevići (Serbian Cyrillic: Драгојевићи) is a village in the municipality of Foča, Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
# South Purbeck

South Purbeck is a natural region on the south coast of England. It lies wholly within the county of Dorset and forms part of the Jurassic Coast, a World Heritage Site, as well as lying entirely within the Dorset AONB.
South Purbeck is a National Character Area, No. 136, as defined by the UK's natural environment body, Natural England. They describe the area as a "compact, but highly diverse landscape" that encompasses the southern part of the Isle of Purbeck and the coastal strip to the west, running from Swanage Bay via Lulworth Cove to Ringstead Bay. To the west of the area, along the coast, lie the Weymouth Lowlands and to the north are the Dorset Heaths.
The area is geographically varied, comprising the steep chalk ridge of the Purbeck Hills, the gently undulating Corfe and Swan Vales, the coastal slope at Kimmeridge, the seaward-dipping limestone plateau and rolling chalk downlands around Chaldon Hill.
# Chron X

Chron X is an online collectible card game and a turn-based strategy game in which an individual battles an opponent over the internet in a cyberpunk setting. Players choose between an arsenal of agents, weapons, programs, and resources chosen from your deck of virtual cards.
Chron X was the first online trading card game, first released by Genetic Anomalies in May 1997. The original game designer was George Moromisato, with later sets designed by Andrea Shubert, Dan Collins, and Ian Schreiber. Pete Bodenheimer and Slava Zatchuny also contributed to set development.
The game has had several publishers since its release: Genetic Anomalies, Sony Online Entertainment, THQ, and later Blue Sky Red Design from 2003 to 2007. On May 28, 2007, the tenth anniversary of Chron X, Darkened Sky Studios acquired Chron X for an undisclosed sum. Darkened Sky had begun work on a new, web-based client in 2008, which was never released.
On October 7, 2018, Andrea Davis announced that she had acquired Chron X from Darkened Sky. Although not ruling out the possibility of a new software release, she stated that her first priority would be a Chron X board game.

## Expansion sets

Expansion sets are divided into "acts", which fit into the Chron X storyline. Acts are further divided into sets. The game has had 7 expansions released to date.
Act One:
* First Edition (May 1996)
* Overture (December 1997)
* Ascension (July 1998)
Act Two:
* Defiance (February 1999)
* Whiteout (February 2000)
* Breakpoint (August 23, 2003)
Act Three:
* Reboot (March 20, 2004)
* Corruption (June 24, 2005)
* Verify (After an 18-card preview set was released by BSRD, expansion was canceled by Darkened Sky in 2007)

## Reception

The reviewer from the online second volume of Pyramid stated that "ChronX, the world's premiere Internet collectible card game. Here you will find that all is not as it seems. The goal is a familiar one -- "go forth and destroy thy enemy" -- however, in ChronX there is one slight problem. Before you can even think about calling an Air Cavalry strike you have to find your opponent."
# River Batherm

The River Batherm is a river which flows through Somerset and Devon in England. The river rises on high ground near the village of Sperry Barton, between Wimbleball and Clatworthy reservoirs. It flows south through the villages of Blackwell, Petton, and Shillingford before it joins the River Exe just over a mile downstream from Bampton.
# Commins Mewa

Commins Aston Mewa (born April 11, 1965 in Uta, Santa Cruz, Temotu Province) is a Solomon Islands politician.
He worked as a chief education officer before going into politics. His career in national politics began when he was elected to Parliament as the member for Temotu Nende in the August 2010 general election, standing as an independent candidate. He was then appointed Minister for Justice and Legal Affairs in Prime Minister Danny Philip's Cabinet. When Gordon Darcy Lilo replaced Philip as Prime Minister in November 2011, Mewa retained his position in government.
On 15 December 2014, following a general election, Mewa was appointed Minister for Communication and Aviation by new Prime Minister Manasseh Sogavare. On 5 December 2017, appointed Minister for Home Affairs by PM Rick Houenipwela.
Elected for the Kadere Party in the 2019 Solomon Islands general election.
# Joshua Sason

Joshua Sason is an American entrepreneur, investor, and entertainment producer. He is the founder and chief executive officer of Magna, a global investment firm based in New York City.

## Overview

Sason founded Magna, a New York-based investment firm, in 2009. The firm now operates three investment platforms – Magna Equities, Magna Ventures, and Magna Entertainment – focused on direct investments into public companies, private ventures, and entertainment productions and businesses, respectively. According to its website, the firm has invested more than $200 million in public equities since its inception in 2009.
Sason is a benefactor to community organizations near Long Island, New York. On June 16, 2014, Sason was honored at the Mid-Island Y Jewish Community Center's 13th Annual Golf Outing at Glen Head Country Club in Glen Head, New York. Sason is the executive producer of three feature films. His most recent production was The 50 Year Argument, a feature documentary co-directed by Martin Scorsese. Sason is the executive producer of Bleed for This, a film based on the true story of world-champion boxer Vinny Pazienza, which began production in November 2014.

## Filmography

| Title | Role | Status | Year |
| Bleed for This | Executive producer | Completed | 2015 |
| Almost Mercy | Executive producer | Post-production | 2015 |
| Opposite Sex | Executive producer | Completed | 2014 |
| The 50 Year Argument | Executive producer | Completed | 2014 |
# Learning to Rock

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Imperiumi | |
Learning to Rock is the debut album by the Finnish band Sturm und Drang. It spawned "Rising Son" and "Forever" (only radio promo single) as its first two singles. The band members were only 15 and 16 years old when the album was released. The album was released in Germany, Austria and Switzerland on August 24, 2007, and the versions released there had different cover and different track lists. One version was the same in Finland, but their German label GUN Records released an Amazon special version which included a cover of Judas Priests "Breaking the Law", the video for "Rising Son" and an EPK interview. They also recorded a new version of "Forever", featuring Udo Dirkschneider on backing vocals.

## Track listing

* "Broken" (A.Linman/P.Linman)
* "Talking to Silence" (A.Linman/P.Linman/M.Persson)
* "Forever" (A.Linman/P.Linman/M.Persson)
* "Rising Son" (A.Linman/P.Linman/M.Persson)
* "The Raven" (A.Linman/P.Linman)
* "Indian" (A.Linman/P.Linman)
* "Learning to Rock" (A.Linman/P.Linman/M.Persson)
* "Fly Away" (A.Linman/P.Linman/M.Persson)
* "Mortals" (P.Linman/A.Linman/Caleb/J.Nikula)
* "Miseria" (A.Linman/P.Linman/M.Persson)

## Special editions

The German record company GUN Records released two versions in Germany, Switzerland and Austria (GSA). One contain the same tracks as the Finnish one and the Rising Son video, and one Amazon special edition. The Finnish record company HMC will release a new version entitled: "Learning To Rock: International version´, which contain bonus tracks
German Amazon special edition Bonus-tacks:
* Breaking the Law (Judas Priest cover)
* Rising Son (video)
* EPK Interview (video)
International edition Bonus-tracks
* Forever (feat. Udo Dirkschneider)
* Breaking the Law (Judas Priest cover)
* Rising Son (video)
* Indian (video)
Japanese edition Bonus-tracks
* Forever (feat. Udo Dirkschneider)
* Breaking the Law (Judas Priest cover)
* Rising Son (acoustic version)
* Rising Son (video)
* Sturm und Drang EPK (video)

## Singles

* "Rising Son"
* "Forever"
* "Indian"
# Dowris Hoard

The Dowris Hoard is the name of an important Bronze Age hoard of over 200 objects found in Dowris, County Offaly, Ireland. Items from the deposit are currently split between two institutions: the National Museum of Ireland in Dublin and the British Museum in London.
The hoard mostly of objects in bronze, was probably a ritual deposit, perhaps for religious purposes, though the records of the discovery, by farm labourers in the 1820s, do not allow to be sure if it was one deposit, or a series. Current thinking tends to see it as a series, possibly over a very long period, of ritual deposits into a lake.
The importance of the hoard in Irish prehistory has led to the naming of the final phase of the Irish Late Bronze Age (900–600 BC) as the Dowris Phase or period. Over time Irish prehistoric bronzesmiths had become highly adept at casting and working with sheet metal and the Dowris Phase reflects the culmination of this as well as an industrial growth in metalworking. During this period ironworking was already found on the European Continent, in Hallstatt culture "C", and arrived in Britain, but did not reach Ireland. Until the culture was apparently disrupted around 600 BC, gold jewellery of superb quality was produced, as well as weapons, tools, trumpets and other kinds of objects in bronze, of which the Dowris Hoard has an exceptional selection.

## Discovery

The Dowris Hoard was accidentally discovered in the 1820s by two men digging trenches for potatoes on a peat bog near the shores of Lough Coura. During the Bronze Age, the area was covered by a shallow lake, which later silted up in the late Middle Ages. Dowris (also known as Doorosheath or Duros) is located near the village of Whigsborough, northeast of Birr in County Offaly, Ireland. The hoard subsequently came into the possession of William Parsons, 3rd Earl of Rosse and TD Cooke. The latter sold his collection of Irish antiquities to the British Museum in 1854.

## Description

One of the largest Bronze Age assemblage of artefacts ever found in Ireland, the Dowris Hoard originally comprised more than 200 pieces, of which 111 are currently in the collections of the National Museum of Ireland and 79 in the British Museum. In total, the hoard includes:
* 44 spearheads
* 48 crotals (a musical instrument in the form of a rattle)
* 43 socketed axes
* 26 bronze horns or trumpets
* 5 swords (approx 48 cm long, possibly originating from the south of England)
* A riveted bronze cauldron
* Three buckets or situlae
* Numerous tools including chisels and knives.
The hoard contains all but two of the Bronze Age crotals (Greek 'crotalon' – castanet or rattle) ever found, the other two also being Irish (but see also crotal bell for later types). These are bronze cylinders in the rough shape of a bull's testicle, with a piece of baked clay or a pebble inside. It is presumed they functioned as a type of rattle, perhaps "in the rites of a fertility cult associated with the bull, echoes of which may survive in the early medieval tale Táin Bó Cúailnge (The Cattle Raid of Cooley)". The hoard had 48 of them in total, in two sizes.
# Caracas Chronicles

Caracas Chronicles is a group blog focused on Venezuelan news and analysis in English with a focus on Venezuelan politics and economics in the Chávez and post-Chávez era. The website once described itself as "opposition-leaning-but-not-insane," and, according to an Associated Press article, though highly critical of Venezuela's socialist government, the site "doesn't spare the opposition".

## History

Caracas Chronicles was founded in 2002 by Francisco Toro. In 2015, Caracas Chronicles was relaunched as a Florida-registered LLC; its website says it has a newsroom in Caracas, correspondents throughout Venezuela, and plans to become "a more professional news site based on exacting journalistic standards".
In February 2019, Rafael Osío Cabrices took over as editor-in-chief. According to Caracas Chronicles, Osío Cabrices worked at Venezuela's El Nacional, on the Primicia news magazine, and has published three books: El Horizonte Encendido, Apuntes Bajo el Aguacero and Salitre en el Corazón. Before the appointment of Osío Cabrices, Toro—a Venezuelan political scientist living in Canada—had alternated in the role of editor-in-chief with Juan Nagel, a Venezuelan economist and professor at the University of the Andes, Chile.

## Reception

The Associated Press says that the website's "English-language musings are a must-read for foreign journalists, academics and political junkies".
Following the death of President Hugo Chávez, José de Córdoba wrote in Americas Quarterly:
   Caracas Chronicles, an English-language blog that has provided a running narration since 2002 of the Chávez era, will continue to be an indispensable tool of analysis and information for addicts of the Chávez story—a story that so far has managed to outlive the flamboyant president. ... One hopes that Venezuelans, and everyone else interested in the fate of the country, will continue to be served by the entertaining and insightful dispatches of Caracas Chronicles.
David Frum said at The Daily Beast that Chavismo was not sustainable, and that when oil prices declined, Caracas Chronicles "will be the essential guide".
# Western Oregon Railroad

The Western Oregon Railroad was a railway company in the state of Oregon in the United States. It was established by the bondholders of the Oregon and California Railroad to further extend the route of the "West Side" Oregon Central Railroad south toward Corvallis, Oregon. All three companies were consolidated in 1880. The Western Oregon's line between St. Joseph and Corvallis is intact and operated by the Portland and Western Railroad.

## History

The "West Side" Oregon Central Railroad had completed a 46-mile (74 km) line from Portland to St. Joseph, north of McMinnville, in 1872. The Western Oregon Railroad was incorporated on January 27, 1879, to extend the line further south. The line opened between St. Joseph and Corvallis on September 1, 1879. On that date, the Western Oregon leased the Oregon Central Railroad. Both companies were backed by the owners of the Oregon and California Railroad.
The Western Oregon Railroad and Oregon Central Railroad were consolidated with the Oregon and California Railroad on October 9, 1880. The Oregon and California remained part of the Southern Pacific Transportation Company system until 1927 when it was formally merged. The Western Oregon's line, along with the Oregon Central's, was known as the West Side branch. As of 2024 the line is owned by the Union Pacific Railroad and operated by the Portland and Western Railroad.
# Centre for Appropriate Technology

Centre for Appropriate Technology may refer to:
* Centre for Appropriate Technology (Australia)
* El Centro Integrado de Technologia Appropriada (CITA) (Cuba)