OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Zero-sum Ramsey theory

In mathematics, zero-sum Ramsey theory or zero-sum theory is a branch of combinatorics. It deals with problems of the following kind: given a combinatorial structure whose elements are assigned different weights (usually elements from an Abelian group $A$), one seeks for conditions that guarantee the existence of certain substructure whose weights of its elements sum up to zero (in $A$). It combines tools from number theory, algebra, linear algebra, graph theory, discrete analysis, and other branches of mathematics.
The classic result in this area is the 1961 theorem of Paul Erdős, Abraham Ginzburg, and Abraham Ziv: for any $2m-1$ elements of $\mathbb {Z} _{m}$, there is a subset of size $m$ that sums to zero. (This bound is tight, as a sequence of $m-1$ zeroes and $m-1$ ones cannot have any subset of size $m$ summing to zero.) There are known proofs of this result using the Cauchy-Davenport theorem, Fermat's little theorem, or the Chevalley–Warning theorem.
Generalizing this result, one can define for any abelian group G the minimum quantity $EGZ(G)$ of elements of G such that there must be a subsequence of $o(G)$ elements (where $o(G)$ is the order of the group) which adds to zero. It is known that $EGZ(G)\leq 2o(G)-1$, and that this bound is strict if and only if $G=\mathbb {Z} _{m}$.
# USS Persistent

USS Persistent is a name used more than once by the United States Navy:
* USS Persistent (PYc-48), a coastal patrol yacht commissioned 16 October 1940.
* USS Persistent (MSO-491), a fleet minesweeper commissioned 3 February 1956.
* USNS Persistent (T-AGOS-6), a Stalwart-class ocean surveillance ship that operated during the 1980s.
# Cosmas III

Cosmas III may refer to:
* Pope Cosmas III of Alexandria, ruled in 920–932
* Cosmas III of Constantinople, Ecumenical Patriarch in 1714–1716
* Cosmas III of Alexandria, Greek Patriarch of Alexandria in 1737–1746
# David Winter (actor)

David Winter (born 23 February 1979) is a German actor. He appeared in more than forty films since 1994.

## Selected filmography

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 2001 | Engel & Joe | | |
| 2002 | Big Girls Don't Cry | Carlos | |
| 2004-2005 | 18 – Allein unter Mädchen | | TV |
# David Pryor (cricketer)

David Pryor (3 February 1870 – 3 January 1937) was an Australian cricketer. He played five first-class matches for New South Wales in 1895/96.
# Erzsébet Bajári

Erzsébet Némethné Bajári (born Erzsébet Némethné) and published as Erzsébet N. Bajári; (1912–1963) was a Hungarian entomologist, specifically a wasp researcher.

## Biography

Bajári graduated from the Biography Chemistry Faculty of Eötvös Loránd University in Budapest, Hungary as a teacher.
In 1948, she took a position at the Hymenoptera (insect) collection of Hungarian Natural History Museum, and starting in 1954, continuing until her early death 1963, she was the curator of the collection. At the beginning she started to process the collection of scraper wasps (Sphecidaes), and then started to assemble and process a huge part of the collection of real wasps (Ichneumonidaes).
Since the death in 1915 of Győző Szépligeti, the collection's previous researcher, the museum's collection had lacked a Hungarian researcher making it a difficult part of the collection. With Bajári's expertise, she became the first domestic specialist in decades to undertake this work.
Bajári took over as editor of The Folia Entomologica Hungarica journal in 1963, but her sudden death shortly thereafter prevented her from completing the issue she had begun.
She died in 1963.

## Selected works

* Fauna catalog of the families Methocidae, Myrmosidae and Mutillidae A Methocidae, Myrmosidae és Mutillidae családok faunakatalógusa. (Cat. Hym. V.) Rovartani közlemények: a Magyar Rovartani Társaság kiadványa = Folia entomologica Hungarica, 1954. (7. évf.) 1. sz. 65-80. oldal (Társszerző: Dr. Móczár László)
* Dagger wasps. Tőrösdarázs alkatúak – Scolioidae 1956 (Magyarország Állatvilága - Fauna Hungariae XIII. kötet 3. füzet 1-35 old.
* Scraper wasps I. Kaparódarázs alkatúak I. – Sphecoidae I. 1957 (Magyarország Állatvilága – Fauna Hungariae XIII kötet 7. füzet. 1-117 old.
* Scout wasps I. Fürkészdarázs-alkatúak I. – Ichneumonoidae I. 1960 Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, (Magyarország Állatvilága – Fauna Hungariae XI. kötet 4. füzet, 72 ábrával) 266 oldal.
* Scout wasps XII. Fürkészdarázs-alkatúak XII. – Ichneumonoidae XII. 1962 Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, (Magyarország Állatvilága – Fauna Hungariae XI. kötet 15. füzet, 24 ábrával. Társszerző: Dr. Győrfi János) 54 oldal.
# Dawson Independent School District

Dawson Independent School District may refer to:
* Dawson Independent School District (Dawson County, Texas)
* Dawson Independent School District (Navarro County, Texas)
# Ethlyn, Missouri

Ethlyn is an unincorporated community in Lincoln County, in the U.S. state of Missouri.

## History

A post office called Ethlyn was established in 1904, and remained in operation until 1957. The community has the name of one Ethlyn Brown.
# Ethio-Parents' School

Ethio-Parents' School is a private school in Bole zone, Woreda 11 in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. With enrollment of more than 3,000 students, Ethio-Parents' School has students from grade 1 to 12. It is the first private school in Ethiopia that introduced Information and Communication Technology (ICT) as a basic teaching element. The school is managed by HOHETE TIBEB Share Company (HTSC).

## History

Ethio-Parents' School was formed by volunteer parents in 1995. It started with 54 Teachers, 26 Administrative staffs and 300 Students. So far, the school has opened up two branches in Gerji and Gullele. The school has enrolled more than 3000 students from pre-school to college preparatory grades in the two branches. Currently the school has 325 academic staff members. It is run by a group called 'MSN'. and in grade 9 in 2017/18 academic year.
# David Ross Fryer

David Ross Fryer is an American ethicist and writer working in phenomenology, queer theory, Africana thought, existentialism (in particular Black Existentialism), contemporary Jewish thought, and psychoanalytic theory.

## Education

Fryer completed a B.A. (honors) in Intellectual History and Religious Studies at The University of Pennsylvania, studying under Alan Kors and Stephen Dunning; doctoral research in Philosophy at The University of Edinburgh, studying under Vincent Hope; and an A.M and Ph.D. in Contemporary Religious Thought and Gender Studies at Brown University, studying under Wendell Dietrich and Elizabeth Weed.

## Career

Fryer's first book, The Intervention of the Other: Ethical Subjectivity in Levinas and Lacan, received positive reviews in both philosophical and psychoanalytic circles. His second book, Thinking Queerly: Race, Sex, Gender, and the Ethics of Identity and the work within it has both been cited by prominent academics and received attention in the queer blogosphere. He has been affiliated with the Institute for the Study of Race and Social Thought and the Center for Afro-Judaic Studies, both at Temple University. He is a founding member of the Phenomenology Roundtable. He has taught at institutions including the University of Pennsylvania, Temple University, Drexel University. Since 2021 he has been recovering from a heart transplant.
# Ethmia plagiobothrae

Ethmia plagiobothrae is a moth in the family Depressariidae. It is found in California, United States.
The length of the forewings is 5.6–7 mm (0.22–0.28 in). The ground color of the forewings is blackish gray. The ground color of the hindwings is white, although the apical area is rather broadly blackish, except the fringe which is white. Adults are on wing in February and March.
The larvae have been reared on Plagiobothrys nothofulvus.
# USS Matanzas

USS Matanzas (AVP-46) was a proposed United States Navy seaplane tender that was never laid down.

## Construction and commissioning

Matanzas was to have been one of 41 Barnegat-class small seaplane tenders the U.S. Navy planned to commission during the early 1940s, and was to have been built at Houghton, Washington, by the Lake Washington Shipyard. However, by the spring of 1943 the Navy deemed that number of seaplane tenders excess to requirements, and decided to complete four of them as motor torpedo boat tenders and one as a catapult training ship. In addition, the Navy also decided to cancel six of the Barnegat-class ships prior to their construction, freeing up the diesel engines that would have powered them for use in escort vessels and amphibious landing craft.
A contract with Lake Washington Shipyard for AVP-46's construction was let on 14 April 1942, and she was assigned the name Magothy on 23 August 1942. However, she became one of the final two ships to be cancelled when the Navy cancelled the contract on 29 April 1943 before construction could begin.
# Dawg Duos

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
Dawg Duos is a collaborative bluegrass album by David Grisman and 12 different artists, released in 1999. Each of them performs a duo with Grisman on mandolin or mandola. The instruments are as diverse as drums, accordion, autoharp, besides banjo, guitar, string bass, and violin. . This album can be compared with similar effort by Béla Fleck, Double Time, where Grisman performs duo with Fleck on one of the tracks.

## Track listing

* Mando-Bass boogie Sonata (Grisman) 3:01
* Clinch Mountain Windmills (Legrand, Stanley) 5:46
* Mandoharp Fantasy (Grisman) 3:38
* Buttons and Bows (Evans, Livingston) 5:27
* Caprice for CM (Grisman) 4:58
* Trinidadian Rag (Brozman, Grisman) 4:52
* Anouman (Reinhardt) 7:08
* John Johanna 2:55
* Swingin' Sorento 4:23
* New Delhi Duo (Grisman, Hussain) 9:38
* Mule Skinner Blues (Christian, Rodgers, Vaughn) 1:44
* Old Souls (Barrio, Grisman, Lage, Reeves) 8:14

## Personnel

* David Grisman - mandolin, mandola (1-12)
* Edgar Meyer - bass (1)
* Béla Fleck - banjo (2)
* Bryan Bowers - autoharp (3)
* Hal Blaine - drums (4)
* Mark O'Connor - violin (5)
* Bob Brozman - national guitar (6)
* Denny Zeitlin - piano (7)
* Mike Seeger - banjo (8)
* Jim Boggio - accordion (9)
* Zakir Hussain - percussion (10)
* Vassar Clements - violin (11)
* Julian Lage - guitar (12)
# USCGC Sturgeon Bay

USCGC Sturgeon Bay (WTGB 109) is the newest of the United States Coast Guard 140-foot (43 m) Bay-class cutters. Homeported in Bayonne, New Jersey, the primary missions of Sturgeon Bay and her crew are Domestic Icebreaking and Ports, Waters, & Coastal Security. During the winter months, Sturgeon Bay is responsible for providing search and rescue capabilities to the ice-covered areas in New York City and the Hudson Valley, as well as throughout coastal New England. The cutter also facilitates the safe navigation of commercial product, including gasoline and heating oil, through the ice-choked Hudson River from New York City to Albany. All Bay-class cutters, including Sturgeon Bay, use a low-pressure-air hull lubrication or bubbler system that forces air and water between the hull and ice. This system improves icebreaking capabilities by reducing resistance against the hull, reducing horsepower requirements.
In addition to ice breaking, Sturgeon Bay is heavily involved in providing waterside security for the port of New York/New Jersey, the busiest port on the East Coast. Sturgeon Bay is also responsible for monitoring vessel traffic, enforcing boating regulations for recreational and commercial vessels, and acting as lead security for high-profile events in the port.
Sturgeon Bay is crewed by 18 personnel, consisting of 15 enlisted members and 3 officers. She was built by Bay City Marine in San Diego, California, launched on 12 September 1987, and commissioned on 20 August 1988. Her overall length is 140 feet with a beam of 37 feet, displacing 662 tons.
# Esquías

Esquías is a municipality in the Honduran department of Comayagua.
14°44′N 87°22′W﻿ / ﻿14.733°N 87.367°W﻿ / 14.733; -87.367
* This Honduras location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# USS Carib (ID-1765)

USS Carib (No. 1765), a converted commercial cargo ship, was acquired by the United States Navy for use during World War I. She served the Navy by performing routine cargo duties, and she served the U.S. Army in carrying supplies to the American Expeditionary Forces in Europe.

## Acquisition by the U.S. Navy

Carib, a cargo ship, was built in 1916 by Detroit Shipbuilding Company, in Detroit, Michigan; converted by Norfolk Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Company, Norfolk, Virginia; commissioned on 27 December 1917 and reported to the Naval Overseas Transportation Service.

## World War I North Atlantic Operations

Between 29 January and 16 April 1918, Carib made three voyages between Hampton Roads, Virginia, and Halifax, Nova Scotia, carrying coal for United States ships performing convoy duty in the western Atlantic. She sailed in convoy from New York on 10 May, loaded with general cargo and petroleum products. After discharging her cargo at Gibraltar, Bizerte, Malta, and Corfu, Carib returned to Hampton Roads on 20 August.
Clearing Hampton Roads on 6 September 1918 with a cargo of mines and general supplies for the force engaged in laying the North Sea Mine Barrage, Carib arrived in Corpach, Scotland, on 28 September.

## On loan to the U.S. Army

She returned to Hampton Roads on 31 October, was transferred to the U.S. Army account, and until 5 January 1919, she carried cargo for the Army of Occupation to Nantes, France.

## Decommissioning

She was decommissioned and returned to her former owner at Hoboken, New Jersey, on 27 January 1919.
# USAT

USAT may refer to:
* USA Today, national daily newspaper
* USIM Application Toolkit, a standard which enables the USIM to initiate actions which can be used for various value-added services delivered to 3G mobile devices (USAT is the equivalent of STK for 3G cellular networks)
* United States Army Transport, a designation given to United States Army troop transports; the abbreviation is placed before the name of the ship
* USA Triathlon, the national governing body for the multi-sport disciplines of triathlon, duathlon, aquathlon and winter triathlon in the United States
* UNIQUE-SAT, a special case of the Boolean Satisfiability problem (Computer Science)
# DeLorenzo

DeLorenzo or De Lorenzo or de Lorenzo is an Italian surname. It may refer to:
* Giovanni de Lorenzo Larciani (1484-1527), Italian painter
* Bart DeLorenzo (born 1965), American theater director
* Dana DeLorenzo (born 1983), American actress
* Enrico de Lorenzo, Italian bobsledder who competed during the 1960s
* Francesco De Lorenzo (born 1938), Italian doctor and politician
* Italo de Lorenzo, Italian bobsledder who competed in the mid-1960s
* Leonardo De Lorenzo (1875–1962), Italian musician
* Michael DeLorenzo (born 1959), American actor
* Tista De Lorenzo (born 1934), Australian football player
* Victor DeLorenzo (born 1954), American musician
Jax DeLorenzo (2013-2023)
# De Kretser

De Kretser is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* David de Kretser (born 1939), Australian medical researcher
* Michelle de Kretser (born 1957), Australian novelist
* Oswald Leslie De Kretser II (1882–1959), Ceylonese judge
* Oswald Leslie De Kretser III, Ceylonese judge
* R. L. de Kretser (born 1920–?), Sri Lankan cricketer
# USS Mason

USS Mason has been the name of more than one United States Navy ship, and may refer to:
* USS Mason (DD-191), a destroyer in commission from 1920 to 1922 and from 1939 to 1940
* USS Mason (DE-529), a destroyer escort in commission from 1944 to 1945
* USS Mason (DDG-87), a destroyer in commission since 2003
# Eucosma dorsisignatana

Eucosma dorsisignatana, the triangle-backed eucosma, is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in North America, where it has been recorded from Nova Scotia to Florida, west to Texas and north to Manitoba.
The wingspan is 12–22 mm. Adults are on wing from July to November.
The larvae feed on the roots of Solidago species.
# Deadly Sins

Deadly Sins may refer to:
* Seven deadly sins, Christian classification of vices
* Deadly Sins (album), 2007 Seven Witches album
* Deadly Sins (film), 1995 American slasher film
* Deadly Sins (TV series), American TV series, 2012 debut
# USS Saranac (1899)

The third USS Saranac was the Old Dominion Steamship Company Hamilton temporarily converted for planting the World War I North Sea Mine Barrage. John Roach & Sons launched Hamilton at Chester, Pennsylvania in 1899. Hamilton steamed between Norfolk, Virginia and New York City until The United States Shipping Board took control of the ship from Old Dominion Steamship Company in 1917. She was fitted out for United States Navy service by James Shewan & Sons at Brooklyn, New York. The minelaying conversion enabled her to carry mines on two decks, and included four Otis elevators individually capable of transferring two mines every 20 seconds from the storage deck to the launching deck. USS Saranac was commissioned on 9 April 1918. While operating as part of Mine Squadron 1 out of Inverness, Scotland, from 14 July until the close of the war on 11 November 1918, Saranac laid a total of 4,782 mines:
* planted 597 mines during the 3rd minelaying excursion on 14 July,
* planted 580 mines during the 4th minelaying excursion on 29 July,
* planted 560 mines during the 8th minelaying excursion on 7 September,
* planted 600 mines during the 9th minelaying excursion on 20 September,
* planted 610 mines during the 10th minelaying excursion on 27 September,
* planted 610 mines during the 11th minelaying excursion on 4 October,
* planted 615 mines during the 12th minelaying excursion on 13 October, and
* planted 610 mines during the final 13th minelaying excursion on 24 October.
Saranac then returned to the United States for decommissioning and return to Old Dominion Steamship Company in 1919.

## Sister ship

In the words of British Rear Admiral Lewis Clinton-Baker, the North Sea mine barrage was the "biggest mine planting stunt in the world's history." The United States converted eight civilian steamships as minelayers for the 100,000 mines manufactured for the barrage. Old Dominion Steamship Jefferson was similarly converted to USS Quinnebaug among these eight.
# Eulima atypha

Eulima atypha is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Eulimidae. The species is one of a number within the genus Eulima.

## Distribution

This species occurs in the following locations:
* Gulf of Mexico
# Eubank

Eubank is a surname of Old English origin in use since the 13th century, derived from the phrase yew-bank, referring to those who lived near a ridge of yew. Historical spellings include Ewbanke, Ewbanck, Ewbancke, Ewbanche, Ubank, Yuebanc, and Ewbank. 1

## People with the surname

* Carlyle Eubank (born 1987), American writer and screenwriter
* Chris Eubank (born 1966), British boxer
* Chris Eubank Jr (born 1989), British boxer
* Damon R. Eubank (1959–2023), Kentucky historian
* Danielle Eubank (born 1968), American painter and expedition artist
* Harold P. Eubank (1924–2006), American physicist
* James R. Eubank (1914–1952), American lawyer and politician
* John Eubank (1872–1958), American baseball player
* Mark Eubank (born 1940), American television meteorologist
* Shari Eubank (born 1947), American actress
* Sharon Eubank (born 1963), American director of Latter-day Saint Charities
* William Eubank (born 1982), American film director, screenwriter andcinematographer

## Fictional characters

* Balph Eubank, character in 1957 novel Atlas Shrugged
# Dead Children Playing

Dead Children Playing is a picture book by Stanley Donwood and Thom Yorke featuring artwork from albums by Yorke and the English rock band Radiohead.

## Editions

The first edition of Dead Children Playing was released in 2006, to accompany Donwood and Yorke's art exhibition at the Iguapop Gallery in Barcelona, Spain, from November 23 to December 16. Donwood took the name from a sign he had seen in a park. The second edition was released on 1 October 2007 by Verso Publishing.

## Reception

Reviewing the book in The Art Book, Rosalind McKever wrote "this picture book is an excellent advert for some of the most prevalent art of our time; this truly is pop-art, digesting visual, social and political culture and reconstituting it in an accessible and affordable form".
Ben Johnson for Naples Daily News wrote: "It's spooky stuff, no question, but good art is meant to inspire a reaction, and there's no question this picture book will do that for most of its readers."
# Eulima definita

Eulima definita is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Eulimidae. The species is one of a number within the genus Eulima.
# USS Hornbill

USS Hornbill may refer to the following ships of the United States Navy:
* USS Hornbill (AMc-13), formerly J. A. Martinolich, was launched in 1938 by Martinolich Repair Basin, Tacoma, Washington
* USS Hornbill (AMS-19), launched as YMS-371, 27 November 1943 by Weaver Shipyards, Orange, Texas
# Euclemensia

Euclemensia is a genus of moth in the family Cosmopterigidae.

## Species

* Euclemensia bassettella (Clemens, 1864)
* Euclemensia barksdalensis Lee & Brown, 2011
* Euclemensia caminopa (Meyrick, 1937)
* Euclemensia schwarziella Busck, 1901
* Euclemensia woodiella (Curtis, 1830)
# Eulobomyia

Eulobomyia is a monotypic genus of flies in the family Tachinidae.

## Species

* Eulobomyia neotropica (Woodley & Arnaud, 2008)

## Distribution

Trinidad and Tobago, Costa Rica, Mexico, Brazil, Colombia.
# Ethereal Menace

Ethereal Menace is the third album by South African gothic rock band The Awakening released in July 1999. The album utilizes elements of industrial music, a style later dubbed as "dark future rock" by Nyte. Another music video was produced by South African Music Awards winner, director Eban Olivier's Concrete Productions, for the single "The March." The video was placed in rotation on MTV Europe.

## Recording

In November 1998, the album Ethereal Menace was written, performed, engineered, and produced by Ashton Nyte, and mastered by Graham Handley at Street 16.

## Track listing

All songs written by Ashton Nyte.
* "In Etherea"
* "Naked"
* "Chains"
* "Wasted Miracle"
* "Still the Sun"
* "Sentimental Runaways"
* "Nostalgia"
* "The March (part 1)"
* "The March (part 2)"
* "Dreams on Fire"
# USS Viper

USS Viper may refer to the following ships operated by the United States Navy:
* USS Viper (1806) was originally the cutter Ferret but was re-rigged as a brig and renamed just before the War of 1812, during which she was captured by the British.
* USS Viper (1814) was a galley hastily built and commissioned for use against the British on Lake Champlain during the War of 1812.
* USS B-1 (SS-10), a B-class submarine originally named Viper and later renamed B-1.
# Days of Future Past (disambiguation)

Days of Future Past is an X-Men comic book storyline.
Days of Future Past may also refer to:
* "Days of Future Past", an episode of the animated television series X-Men
* X-Men: Days of Future Past, a 2014 science-fiction superhero film based on the comics storyline
* Days of Future Passed, a 1967 album by the Moody Blues
* A song on the album 2021 Senjutsu by Iron Maiden
# Saint Nicholas Garden Canyon

Saint Nicholas Garden Canyon (Portuguese: Cânion do Horto São Nicolau) is a canyon in Arapoti, Paraná, Brazil. The canyon has been carved by Rincon Creek, a tributary of the Ash River. The canyon is 6 km (3.7 mi) long and has an average depth of 40 m (130 ft). A Riparian forest flanks the canyon.
# Berlin attack

Berlin attack may refer to:
* Bombing of Berlin in World War II (1940–45)
** Battle of Berlin (RAF campaign) (1943–44)
* Battle of Berlin (1945)
** Race to Berlin (1945)
** Battle in Berlin (1945)
* Berlin Blockade (1948–49)
* 1982 Berlin restaurant bombing
* Bombing of French consulate in West Berlin (1983)
* West Berlin discotheque bombing (1986)
* Israeli consulate attack in Berlin (1999)
* 2016 Berlin truck attack
* 2018 Berlin anti-semitic attack