OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Coal Lake (Minnesota)

Coal Lake is a lake in Todd County, in the U.S. state of Minnesota.
Coal Lake was named after nearby deposits of lignite coal.
# Lai Pak-hoi

Lai Pak-hoi or Li Beihai (Chinese: 黎北海) (1889–1950) was a Chinese actor and producer based in Hong Kong, and an early pioneer of the Hong Kong film industry.

## Biography

Lai began his career as an actor, and was involved in one of the first films made in China, Stealing a Roast Duck, a silent short directed by Liang Shaobo in 1909. The film was financed by the Asia Film Company, owned an American cinematographer and producer, Benjamin Brodsky, allegedly predating Zhuangzi Tests His Wife, although this has been disputed, since no records of the film remain. Lai was involved in the making of Zhuangzi Tests His Wife, the first confirmed Hong Kong-produced film, acting as owner of the company that financed the film, the China-America Company. The China-America Company, or Hua Mei, was founded by Lai with his former colleague Brodsky and Lai's brother, Lai Man-Wai.
Lai, along with his brothers Lai Man-wai and Lai Hoi-shan, founded the first Chinese-owned production company in China, the China Sun Motion Picture Company. The British colonial government rejected their plans to build the studio in Hong Kong, so they were forced to do so in neighboring Guangzhou in 1924.
In 1925, Lai directed Rouge, the region's first feature-length film. He also started the China Sound and Silent Movies Company, which released the first Cantonese talkie, Conscience, in Hong Kong in 1933. Conscience was only a partial sound film however, a full sound film, An Idiot Disturbs the House, was released the same year.
Lai left the Hong Kong film industry in 1935, and died later in 1950.

## Legacy

Lai is commemorated with a star at the Avenue of Stars in Hong Kong.
# Russell Dickson (footballer, born 1961)

Russell Dickson (born 30 March 1961) is a former Australian rules footballer who played with Melbourne in the Victorian Football League (VFL).
# Hilmar Thate

Hilmar Thate (17 April 1931 – 14 September 2016) was a German actor. He appeared in 40 films and television shows between 1955 and 2016.

## Filmography

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 1955 | Once Is Never | Buhlemann | |
| 1958 | Buhlemann | | |
| 1958 | The Sailor's Song | Ludwig Bartuschek | |
| 1960 | Leute mit Flügeln | Henne | |
| 1961 | Mutter Courage und ihre Kinder | Der Chronist | |
| 1961 | The Gleiwitz Case | KZ-Häftling | |
| 1961 | Professor Mamlock | Rolf Mamlock | |
| 1964 | Preludio 11 | Commandante Suarez | Voice |
| 1964 | Der geteilte Himmel | Ernst Wendland | |
| 1974 | Elective Affinities | Eduard | |
| 1978 | Fleur Lafontaine | Philipp Pommeranz | |
| 1980 | Don Juan, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 78 | Andrej Wischnewsky | |
| 1981 | Angels of Iron | Gustav Völpel | |
| 1982 | Veronika Voss | Robert Krohn | |
| 1998 | The King of St. Pauli [de] | Rudi Kranzow | TV miniseries |
| 1999 | Paths in the Night | Walter | |
| 2004 | The Ninth Day | Bischof Philippe | |
| 2005 | Hitler Cantata [de] | Hans Broch | |
# John McColl

John McColl may refer to:
* John McColl (British Army officer) (born 1952), British Army officer and Lieutenant Governor of Jersey
* John McColl (politician) (1875–1933), politician and member of the Legislative Assembly of Alberta
* John B. McColl (Canadian politician) (1861–1940), Canadian politician, member of the Canadian Parliament
* John B. McColl (California politician), served in the California legislature
# Colletotrichum arachidis

Colletotrichum arachidis is a plant pathogen.
# Kuo-chu Ho

Kuo-chu Ho (Chinese: 何国柱, 13 November 1922 – 9 October 2017) was a Chinese professor of nuclear physics, known as one of the founders of theoretical physics in Nankai University.

## Biography

In 1945, Ho graduated from Fu Jen Catholic University with a bachelor's degree, and he obtained a doctorate in physics from the University of Notre Dame in 1951. He has served as a physicist the Enrico Fermi Institute at the University of Chicago and a professor at University of Florida.
He returned to China in 1955 and successively served as a professor and chairman of the Department of Physics of Nankai University. He also served as the first chairman of the Tianjin Branch of the Chinese Nuclear Society and the first, second, and third vice-chairmen of the Tianjin Physical Society. He is also a member of China Association for Promoting Democracy.
He led the design and manufacture of China's first 2 million volts electronic, electrostatic accelerator and also introduced a 1.6 million volt tandem heavy ion electrostatic accelerator from the United States, which has made extraordinary contributions to the development of Nankai University.
Ho's main research areas are nuclear theory and astrophysics, and he is outstanding at theoretical calculation and simulation of nuclear physics.
# Brunvoll

Brunvoll is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Gunnar Brunvoll (1924–1999), Norwegian impresario and opera administrator
* Jonas Brunvoll Jr. (1920–1982), Norwegian opera singer and actor
* Jonas Brunvoll Sr. (1894–1969), Norwegian advertisement manager, editor and politician
* Mari Kvien Brunvoll (born 1984), Norwegian folk and jazz singer
# Cardinal, Virginia

Cardinal is an unincorporated community in Mathews County, Virginia, United States. Cardinal is 3.5 miles (5.6 km) west-southwest of Mathews. Cardinal has a post office with ZIP code 23025.
# Constantiana Daphne

Daphne was a Roman fortification inaugurated, most probably in 327, on the left bank of the Danube, across Transmarisca, in the delta of the Arges river. In 367, emperor Valens crossed the Danube at Daphne using a pontoon bridge. Chronicler George Kedrenos, recounting the fight between the Varangians of Sveinald (Sviatoslav) and Emperor Ioan Tzimiskes in 971, mentioned the existence of wheat and millet sowings in the regions on the left bank of the Danube, which proves that this area was inhabited by a sedentary population. Encircled in Durostor (today Silistra), the Varangian armies supplied themselves at night with these grains and fodder transported from the opposite bank of the Danube. The same chronicler wrote that: "there came to him (before the emperor) from Constantia and other fortresses built beyond the Istru, messengers asking forgiveness for the evil deeds committed, surrendering together with those fortresses; receiving them gently, the emperor sent men to take possession of the cities and sufficient armies to guard them.”
It was mentioned by Ammianus Marcellinus and Procopius of Caesarea.
The most probable position is at Grădiștea at south west of Ulmeni. Still some historians believe that the Daphne was the new name of the Sucidava- Celei.
# Áed of Sletty

Áed of Sletty was a Gaelic Irish Bishop and anchorite, fl. late 7th century.

## Biography

Áed was a member of the Uí Bairrche. He was bishop of Sletty, County Laois, and patron of Muirchu Maccu Machteni, who at Áed's request wrote a life of Saint Patrick, which is contained in the Book of Armagh.
Áed is also responsible for making a grant of his familia of churches to Armagh, his bishopric consisting of central and southern Leinster. The reasons for his doing so are unclear. He is believed to have sought protection from the encroaching claims of Kildare. He had made the grant before 688 to Ségéne of Armagh. Charles-Thomas (p. 262) writes: "Sleaty ... was in the vassal kingdom of Uí Bairrche Tíre, and the likelihood is that the Uí Dúnlainge, who had recently made themselves masters and patrons of Kildare, seemed to Áed to be in a position to threaten the independence of Sletty. He therefore subjected his church to the distant Armagh in the hope that Armagh's authority would be much less burdensome than Kildare's might have been. In this case, therefore, the subjection was defensive not offensive, and was effected by a legal instrument rather than by violence."
# Covariance intersection

Covariance intersection (CI) is an algorithm for combining two or more estimates of state variables in a Kalman filter when the correlation between them is unknown.

## Formulation

Items of information a and b are known and are to be fused into information item c. We know a and b have mean/covariance ${\hat {a}}$, $A$ and ${\hat {b}}$, $B$, but the cross correlation is not known. The covariance intersection update gives mean and covariance for c as
    $C^{-1}=\omega A^{-1}+(1-\omega )B^{-1}\,,$
    ${\hat {c}}=C(\omega A^{-1}{\hat {a}}+(1-\omega )B^{-1}{\hat {b}})\,.$
where ω is computed to minimize a selected norm, e.g., the trace, or the logarithm of the determinant. While it is necessary to solve an optimization problem for higher dimensions, closed-form solutions exist for lower dimensions.

## Application

CI can be used in place of the conventional Kalman update equations to ensure that the resulting estimate is conservative, regardless of the correlation between the two estimates, with covariance strictly non-increasing according to the chosen measure. The use of a fixed measure is necessary for rigor to ensure that a sequence of updates does not cause the filtered covariance to increase.

## Advantages

According to a recent survey paper and, the covariance intersection has the following advantages:
* The identification and computation of the cross covariances are completely avoided.
* It yields a consistent fused estimate, and thus a non-divergent filter is obtained.
* The accuracy of the fused estimate outperforms each local one.
* It gives a common upper bound of actual estimation error variances, which has robustness with respect to unknown correlations.
These advantages have been demonstrated in the case of simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) involving over a million map features/beacons.

## Motivation

It is widely believed that unknown correlations exist in a diverse range of multi-sensor fusion problems. Neglecting the effects of unknown correlations can result in severe performance degradation, and even divergence. As such, it has attracted and sustained the attention of researchers for decades. However, owing to its intricate, unknown nature, it is not easy to come up with a satisfying scheme to address fusion problems with unknown correlations. If we ignore the correlations, which is the so-called "naive fusion", it may lead to filter divergence. To compensate this kind of divergence, a common sub-optimal approach is to artificially increase the system noise. However, this heuristic requires considerable expertise and compromises the integrity of the Kalman filter framework.
# Charles Rafferty

Charles Rafferty is an American poet. In 2009 he received a fellowship from the National Endowment for the Arts. His poetry has appeared in The New Yorker, O: Oprah Magazine, Prairie Schooner, and Ploughshares, among other magazines, websites, and anthologies. He co-directs Albertus Magnus College's MFA in Creative Writing program, and teaches at the Westport Writers’ Workshop. As of 2021, he lives in Sandy Hook, Connecticut.
Rafferty had aspired to being a poet since high school. He began writing fiction around his late forties. He views himself as someone who "primarily...writes impressionistic, associative prose poems."

## Books
### Poetry Collections

* The Wave That Will Beach Us Both (Still Waters Press, 1994)
* The Man on the Tower (University of Arkansas Press, 1995); winner of the Arkansas Poetry Award
* The Bog Shack (Picadilly Press, 1996)
* A Darkness With Brighter Stars (Picadilly Press, 2000)
* Where the Glories of April Lead (Mitki/Mitki Press, 2001)
* A Trayful of Brimming Martinis (Picadilly Press, 2003)
* During the Beauty Shortage (M2 Press, 2005)
* A Less Fabulous Infinity (Louisiana Literature Press, 2006)
* The Unleashable Dog (Steel Toe Books, 2014)
* DIMINUTION (Paper Nautilus Press, 2016)
* The Smoke of Horses (BOA Editions, 2017)
* Something An Atheist Might Bring Up At a Cocktail Party (Mayapple Press, 2018)
* Appetites (Clemson University Press, 2018)
* The Problem with Abundance (Grayson Books, 2019)
* Somebody Who Knows Somebody (Gold Wake Press Collective, 2021)
* A Cluster of Noisy Planets (BOA, 2021)

### Short-story collections

* Saturday Night at Magellan's (Fomite, 2013)
* Somebody Who Knows Somebody (Gold Wake, 2021)

### Novel

* Moscodelphia (Woodhall Press, 2021)
# Caroline Styne

Caroline Styne is a restaurateur and sommelier in Los Angeles. With her business partner Suzanne Goin she operates Lucques, A.O.C., Tavern, and The Larder. She won a James Beard Award for Outstanding Restaurateur in 2018.

## Early life and education

Styne was raised in Los Angeles. She worked as a waitress while in college. She is a master sommelier.

## Career

Styne started working in foodservice in 1989 at the age of 22 when she cofounded Basically Baked Inc., which distributed specialty food items to retail outlets. She developed a baked tortilla chip which was one of the first of its kind. She sold the company in 1992, after which she started a catering company, Food Concepts. From 1994 thru 1997 she worked as a manager at Jones Hollywood for Sean MacPherson, during which period the restaurant was 80% destroyed by a fire. The rebuilding process was "a crash course in building a restaurant" for Styne, who managed the process in six weeks.
In 1997 she met Goin, who was then working at Campanile. According to Styne, LA's dining scene at the time was "either super casual or super fussy," and both women envisioned something in between. Styne and Goin opened Lucques on Melrose Avenue in 1998. It offered one of LA's early market-driven menus. On 11 March 2020 they announced the restaurant would close on 6 May.
Styne and Goin opened A.O.C. in 2002. Food & Wine called A.O.C. "a pioneering restaurant that was at the forefront of small-plates dining in LA" and said the restaurant "changed the way LA dined." Johnathan Gold said of it, "If we've lived through a battle for L.A.'s restaurant soul, Goin and Styne have won."
She and Goin opened Tavern in 2009 and in 2014, The Larder. In 2015 they took over food service at the Hollywood Bowl.
In 2019 Syne predicted Albariño could become "the new Chablis or the new Burgundy." She was a guest judge on Top Chef: All-Stars L.A. She writes wine notes for Goin's cookbooks.
During the 2020 coronavirus pandemic she was involved in leading the Independent Restaurant Coalition, an industry group founded during the pandemic to lobby the federal government for relief for restaurants and their employees.

## Honors

In 2018 Styne won a James Beard Award for Outstanding Restaurateur. She was a semifinalist for the same award in 2014.

## Personal life

Styne is married to Michael Kohn, an art dealer. They live in a 1926 home in Hancock Park and have two children.
# Kuo Cheng-chuan

Kuo Cheng-chuan (Chinese: 郭政權; pinyin: Guō Zhèngquán; born 1953) is a Taiwanese politician and business executive.
Kuo graduated from what became Central Police University, and worked for police departments in Taichung County, Taipei County, and Nantou County. Kuo was elected to the Legislative Yuan in 1992 and 1995, as a member of the Kuomintang representing Taichung County. After stepping down from the legislature, Kuo became general manager of Ever Fortune Industrial Company.
# Rogeria longiflora

Rogeria longiflora, also known as the white djirrie, is a species of flowering plant in the genus Rogeria. It is native to Namibia and the northern Cape Provinces of South Africa.

## Distribution

Rogeria longiflora is found from Namibia to the Northern Cape.

## Conservation status

Rogeria longiflora is classified as Least Concern.
# Fabrizio Maracchi

Fabrizio Maracchi (Latin: Fabritius Maracchius; 1618 – August 1676) was a Roman Catholic prelate who served as Bishop of Termoli (1662–1676).
He was born in 1618 in Pontremoli, Italy. On 13 Feb 1662, he was appointed during the papacy of Pope Alexander VII as Bishop of Termoli. He served as Bishop of Termoli until his death in August 1676.
# Charles Duncombe, 1st Baron Feversham

Charles Duncombe, 1st Baron Feversham (5 December 1764 – 16 July 1841), was a British Member of Parliament.

## Biography

Feversham was born the eldest son of Charles Slingsby Duncombe of Duncombe Park and educated at Harrow school (1799).
Feversham was appointed High Sheriff of Yorkshire in 1790. He was elected to the House of Commons for Shaftesbury in 1790, a seat he held until 1796, and then represented Aldborough from 1796 to 1806, Heytesbury from 1812 to 1816 and Newport, Isle of Wight from 1818 to 1826. However, he never held ministerial office. On 14 July 1826 he was raised to the peerage as Baron Feversham, of Duncombe Park in the County of York.

## Marriage and children

Lord Feversham married Lady Charlotte Legge, daughter of William Legge, 2nd Earl of Dartmouth, in 1795. They had eight children together:
* Frances Duncombe (born 30 May 1803, died 15 June 1881)
* Louisa Duncombe (born 16 November 1807, died 18 November 1852)
* Charles Duncombe (born 29 July 1796, died 2 April 1819)
* William Duncombe, 2nd Baron Feversham (born 14 January 1798, died 11 February 1867)
* Henry Duncombe (born 25 August 1800, died 1 October 1832)
* Arthur Duncombe (born 24 March 1806, died 6 February 1889)
* Augustus Duncombe, DD (born 2 November 1814, died 26 January 1880), Dean of York 1858–1880.
* Octavius Duncombe (born 8 April 1817, died 3 December 1879)
Feversham died in July 1841, aged 76, and was succeeded in the barony by his son William. His younger sons Arthur and Octavius were both Conservative politicians who served in Parliament. Lady Feversham died in 1848.
# Camille Agnes Becker Paul

Camille Agnes Becker Paul (1932-2010) was an Australian feminist, moral theologian and activist.

## Early life

Camille Agnes Becker was born in Sydney, Australia, in 1932. Her father, Norman Becker, was an engineer who worked on the New South Wales railroad, and her mother, Elsie Childs, was a dressmaker. She was raised in a Catholic family and attended Catholic school for primary education. and later studied to be a secretary, and a physical education trainer. She married Ken Paul in 1956, and had six children with him. Tragically, one of their children, a son, died by drowning in 1972, and one daughter was stillborn. These tragedies caused Paul to question her religious faith.

## Career

Paul became interested in counseling, and attended the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Sydney's Institute of Counseling, from 1975 to 1977. She then attended St. Patrick's Seminary in Manly. She became the second laywoman to obtain a baccalaureate degree in Sacred Theology from the seminary, when she graduated in 1983. She then earned a graduate degree in religious studies from the Catholic College of Education, in Sydney.
In 1984, she helped found Women and the Australian Church (WATAC), along with Pauline Smith and Patricia Bartley. She co-edited the journal Women-Church: An Australian Journal of Feminist Studies in Religion, from 1989 to 2007.
Paul became a moral theology lecturer at St. Patrick's Seminary in 1985. She taught with Father Thomas Connelly in her first year, and in 1986, she began teaching the course on her own. She was the first woman to teach theology at the seminary. During her career, she also taught at the Catholic Institute of Sydney, and other regional settings.
In 1993, she earned a PhD from the University of Sydney. She published Equal or Different? Women, the Papacy and Social Justice, based on her dissertation, in 1999.

## Death

She died in 2010, from colon cancer.

## Select publications

* Paul, Camille. "Feminism and stereotypes", Women-Church: Australian Journal of Feminist Studies in Religion, no. 1 (1987): 15-16. Digitised version of no. 1 (1987) available on JSTOR Open Community Collections, University of Divinity Digital Collections, Mannix Library
* Paul, Camille. "Listening to the voice of women", Women-Church: Australian Journal of Feminist Studies in Religion, no. 19 (1996): 29–30. Digitised version of no. 19 (1996) available on JSTOR Open Community Collections, University of Divinity Digital Collections, Mannix Library
# Charles Cullis

Charles Cullis (7 March 1833 - 18 June 1892) was an Episcopalian physician based in Boston, Massachusetts. He became known for his involvement in the Holiness movement.

## Biography

Cullis was born in Boston, Massachusetts on March 7, 1833. He suffered from ill health, and although this meant that he was sometimes not able to attend school, he studied medicine at home and graduated from the University of Vermont at age 24.
It was common practice at the time to turn away incurable cases such as tuberculosis from hospitals, so Cullis opened four homes between 1864 and 1869 to house tuberculosis patients, he also started homes for orphans, caregivers, and cancer patients. In addition, Cullis started a training school for deaconesses, a faith cure school, various missions, and a publishing house.
He was involved with the Holiness movement and influenced the movement to have a greater emphases on healing. Cullis was influenced by Dorothea Trudel's healing ministry. He was a leading figure in the faith cure movement along with other preachers such as William E. Boardman and Albert B. Simpson. He held revival meetings in New Hampshire and Maine every year.
He helped encourage rest homes for the sick and homeless, and about twenty-five such homes connected with the Holiness Movement had been started by 1887. At the height of his ministry he authored a number of books on healing.
# Kuo Cheng

Tao Te-san (born 24 August 1955), better known by his pen name Kuo Cheng, is a Taiwanese fiction writer. He is perhaps best known for writing the screenplays of several films directed by Ho Ping and Kevin Chu.
His older brother Tao Te-chen (陶德辰) was a filmmaker-actor in the 1980s. Their family originated in Huanggang, Hubei, China.

## Works

| Year | Chinese title | Translated English title | Translator |
| 1988 | 彈子王 | "King of the Pool Players" | Ying-tsih Hwang |
| 1991 | 狼行千里 | "The Journey of the Wolf" | Susan Wilf |
| 1991 | 上帝的骰子 | "God's Dice" | |
"The Journey of the Wolf" was one of the stories Kuo used when he and director Ho Ping wrote the screenplay for Ho's 1997 film Wolves Cry Under the Moon.

## Filmography
### Films

| Year | English title | Chinese title | Director | Notes |
| 1985 | One Bright Day | 好個翹課天 | Fu Wei-te | original story (adapted by Wu Nien-jen) |
| 1986 | Gallery of Fools | 哥們的糗事 | Fu Wei-te | original story (adapted by Yeh Yun-chiao and Chang Chien) |
| 1993 | 18 | 18 | Ho Ping | |
| 1995 | Heartbreak Island | 去年冬天 | Hsu Hsiao-ming | co-wrote with John S.C. Chiang |
| 1995 | Trouble Maker | 臭屁王 | Kevin Chu | |
| 1996 | The Feeling of Love | 重慶愛情感覺 | Kevin Chu | |
| 1996 | Naughty Boys & Soldiers | 狗蛋大兵 | Kevin Chu | |
| 1997 | Wolves Cry Under the Moon | 國道封閉 | Ho Ping | |
| 1998 | Chivalrous Legend | 俠盜正傳 | Tsai Yang-ming | co-wrote with Wu Nien-jen |
| 2000 | The Spy Tycoon | 匪諜大亨 | Ho Ping | TV film |
| 2002 | The Rule of the Game | 挖洞人 | Ho Ping | |
| 2005 | One Stone and Two Birds | 一石二鳥 | Kevin Chu | co-wrote with Lin Man-hsu |
| 2008 | Red Cliff | 赤壁 | John Woo | historical film, co-wrote with Woo, Sheng Heyu and Chan Khan |
| 2015 | Where the Wind Settles | 風中家族 | Wang Toon | co-wrote with Carol Li, Lin Chi-shiang, and Wu Jing |

### TV Dramas (incomplete)

| Year | English title | Chinese title |
| 1997 | The Strange Cases of Lord Shi | 施公奇案 |
| 1999 | Lord of Imprisonment | 神捕 |
| 1999 | Resurrecting the Husband | 聊齋怪談之打鬼救夫 |
| 2001 | Legend of the Martial Alliance | 少林七崁 |
| 2001 | Chess Warriors | 棋武士 |
| 2001 | Swordsman | 多情刀客無情刀短刀行 |
| 2001 | Pretty Twins | 偷龍轉鳳 |
| 2004 | Thirteen Sons of Heaven Bridge | 天橋十三郎 |
| 2016 | Xiao Shiyilang | 新萧十一郎 |

## Film awards

| Year | # | Award | Category | Film | Result |
| 1993 | 30th | Golden Horse Awards | Best Adapted Screenplay | 18 | Nominated |
| 2001 | 36th | Golden Bell Awards | Best Screenwriter (TV Film or Miniseries) | The Spy Tycoon | Nominated |
| 2002 | 4th | Deauville Asian Film Festival | Best Screenplay | The Rule of the Game | Won |