OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# The Walls Came Tumbling Down: The Collapse of Communism in Eastern Europe

The Walls Came Tumbling Down: The Collapse of Communism in Eastern Europe was published by Oxford University Press, New York in 1993 and is a work of non-fiction based on events in Eastern Europe from 1968 to 1991. It was written by Gale Stokes, then a professor emeritus of history at Rice University. The book received the 1993 Wayne S. Vucinich Prize of the American Association for the Advancement of Slavic Studies for the Best Book Published in Russian and East European Studies.

## Summary

Beginning with the 1968 Soviet-led invasion of Czechoslovakia and culminating in the 1989-1991 revolutions, The Walls Came Tumbling Down is a narrative of the gradual collapse of Eastern European communism. Focusing on the decades of unrest that precipitated 1989's tumultuous events, Stokes provides a history of the various communist regimes and the opposition movements that brought them down, including the "March Days" and Solidarity, the 1975 Helsinki Accords, Czechoslovakia's Charter 77 opposition movement, and the autocratic policies of Romania's Nicolae Ceauşescu that precipitated the 1989 Revolution. Stokes examines the first tottering steps in 1990-1991 toward pluralist government, from the resignation of Mikhail Gorbachev to the bloody partitioning of war-torn Yugoslavia.
# Joe Cheves

Joe Cheves (May 23, 1918 – July 31, 2007) was an American professional golfer and co-founder of the American Golf Association.
Cheveswas born in Cheraw, South Carolina and died in Morganton, North Carolina. He served in the Army during World War II receiving the World War II Victory Medal, American Defense Service Medal, American Theater Service Ribbon, Good Conduct Medal, Philippine Liberation Service Medal, and the APT Service Medal.
Cheves is known for shooting 17 shots under his age when on August 27, 1999 he shot 64 (8-under par) at Mimosa Hills Country Club in Morganton. He first tied his age in 1982 at 64. He served as club professional in Bennettsville, South Carolina and Wadesboro, North Carolina but spend most of his career at Mimosa Hills Country Club.

## Tournaments won

* Carolinas PGA Seniors (1972, 75, 76, 83)
* Ben Hogan Staff Tournament
* CPGA Carolinas Senior Open

## Awards

* member of North Carolina Sports Hall of Fame
* 1964 Carolinas Section Golf Professional of the Year
* member of Carolinas Golf Hall of Fame
* member of Carolinas PGA Hall of Fame
* Burke County Sports Hall of Fame
# Henry Gillespie (baseball)

Henry Gillespie (July 14, 1896 – June 1, 1963) was an American Negro league pitcher in the 1920s and 1930s.
A native of Cheraw, South Carolina, Gillespie made his Negro leagues debut in 1921 with the Hilldale Club. He went on to play for several teams, and finished his career in 1932 with the Bacharach Giants. Gillespie died in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania in 1963 at age 66.
# Dinek, Karaman

Dinek is a village in the Karaman District of Karaman Province, Turkey. Its population is 177 (2022). It is situated to the east of Karadağ, an extinct volcano. Its distance to Karaman is 27 kilometres (17 mi). In the history (beginning by Hittites) there had been several settlements around Dinek. In the village there are three tumuli officially declared as SIT (Archaeological site). But the present village was founded in the 19th century by Yörüks (once nomadic Turkmens). The name of the village is a common name of villages founded by Yörüks. Main economic activity of the village is agriculture. But because of the irrigation water shortage the production is limited. Animal breeding is a secondary activity.
# Dictionary of Seventeenth-Century French Philosophers

The Dictionary of Seventeenth-Century French Philosophers is a dictionary of philosophical writers in France between 1601 and 1700, edited by Luc Foisneau. An augmented and revised French edition has been published in 2015.

## Content

The Dictionary of Seventeenth-Century French Philosophers presents, in alphabetical order, the work of 582 authors of philosophical texts between 1601 and 1700. Understanding the seventeenth-century use of the term ‘philosophy’ in its broadest sense, this dictionary is an encyclopaedia of Early Modern thought encompassing intellectual traditions from scholastic philosophy to literature, poetry, politics, art and sciences. This Dictionary demonstrates the ways in which the lives and works of even minor writers can reveal hitherto unsuspected connections between currants of thought, theories of knowledge, and religious and political allegiances
Published in London and New York in December 2008, the Dictionary is part of an international intellectual project to cover these themes on a country-by-country basis, from the seventeenth to the twentieth centuries This innovative method of studying philosophy is unique in privileging relatively unknown authors, an approach which is continued in the French edition: Dictionnaire des philosophes français du XVIIe siècle: acteurs et réseaux du savoir. These volumes have enlarged the field of study, with 108 supplementary entries and eight thematic introductions which, following the preface by Luc Foisneau, suggest other possible intellectual routes: ‘The French Cartesians’ (Emmanuel Faye); ‘Scholastic philosophies and theologies’ (Jacob Schmutz); ‘"Libertines" and free thinking’ (Isabelle Moreau); ‘Clandestine thought’ (Gianni Paganini); ‘The sciences’ (Philippe Hamou); ‘Theories of Art’ (Carole Talon-Hugon); ‘Religious controversies and the birth of the Republic of letters (Antony McKenna); ‘Philosophical places, sociabilities and practices’ (Stéphane Van Damme) The French version further provides a historical index of more than 300 pages, providing biographical and bibliographical information. These entries are an especially useful research aid

## Contributors

The Dictionnaire has been written by 167 scholars of 9 nationalities (French, German, American, British, Canadian, Dutch, Italian, Swiss and Czech). These include: Roger Ariew, Séverine Auffret, Laurent Avezou, Ann Blair, Olivier Bloch, Laurent Bove, Jean-Charles Darmon, Philippe Desan, Emmanuel Faye, Jean-Pierre Faye, Luc Foisneau, Daniel Garber, Catherine Goldstein, Thierry Gontier, Philippe Hamou, Thierry Hoquet, Jacques Le Brun, Franck Lessay, Jacqueline Lichtenstein, Antony McKenna, Noel Malcolm, Jean-Marc Mandosio, Rémi Mathis, Isabelle Moreau, Steven Nadler, Sophie Nicholls, Gianni Paganini, Martine Pécharman, Lawrence Principe, Andrew Pyle, Tad Schmalz, Jacob Schmutz, Jean-Fabien Spitz, Carole Talon-Hugon, Michel Terestchenko, Stéphane Van Damme, Philippe Vendrix, Eliane Viennot, Jean-Claude Vuillemin.
# Aleksandr Poznyak

Aleksandr Poznyak (Belarusian: Аляксандар Пазняк; Russian: Александр Позняк; born 23 July 1994) is a Belarusian professional football player who plays as a centre-back for Slutsk.

## International career

Poznyak earned his first cap for the national team of his country on 26 February 2020, playing the full 90 minutes in the 1–0 away win over Bulgaria in a friendly match.
# Seishirō Sakamoto

Seishirō Sakamoto (坂本 誠志郎, Sakamoto Seishirō, born November 10, 1993, in Yabu, Hyōgo, Japan) is a professional Japanese baseball player. He plays catcher for the Hanshin Tigers.
# Bruno Zebie

Bruno Zebie (born August 14, 1995) is a former professional soccer player who played as a midfielder. Born in France, Zebie represented Canada at youth level.
Zebie is currently an assistant coach for the men's soccer team at the University of Alberta.

## Early life

Zebie was born in Cormeilles-en-Parisis, France, to Ivorian parents. He acquired French nationality on 29 July 1999, through the collective effect of his parents' naturalization.
He moved to Lachine, Quebec at age six, later moving to Brossard, Quebec. His family then moved to Edmonton when he was 13. He began playing youth soccer with Edmonton Juventus before joining the FC Edmonton Academy in 2012. In 2016, he joined the Edmonton Green and Gold youth academy.

## University career

In 2016, he began attending the University of Alberta, where he played for the men's soccer team. In his first season, he was named a Canada West Second Team All-Star, winning the U Sports Men's Soccer Championship with the team. In 2017, he was named a Canada West First Team All-Star.

## Club career

Zebie joined FC Edmonton's senior side in the North American Soccer League on July 3, 2015 on a week-to-week contract. He made his first appearance on July 13 against the Fort Lauderdale Strikers, as a substitution for Michael Nonni.
After the NASL folded, Zebie played with the Calgary Foothills for the 2017 and 2018 Premier Development League seasons. The club would end up champions in 2018, capturing the PDL Championship in a 2-1 victory over Reading United in the final.
Zebie returned to FC Edmonton on December 13, 2018, ahead of the inaugural season of the Canadian Premier League. In November 2019, Edmonton announced Zebie would not be returning to the club for the 2020 season.
On February 5, 2020, Zebie signed with Alberta rival Cavalry FC, becoming the first player to play for both Al Classico rival clubs, reuniting with his former Calgary Foothills coach Tommy Wheeldon Jr. He appeared in all ten of Cavalry's matches that year. On January 26, 2021, the club announced it had declined Zebie's contract option for 2021 (due to league rules of having 4 international imports), making him a free agent. Following the season, he returned to his hometown of Edmonton to coach.

## International career

Zebie has been called up to camps for Canada at the under-18 and under-20 level. In 2013, he took part in the L'Alcúdia International Football Tournament as an under-18 Canada team finished fourth in the annual under-20 tournament.

## Coaching career

Zebie joined the coaching staff for his alma mater, the University of Alberta, in 2022.

## Personal life

Zebie's elder brother Allan was also a professional soccer player.

## Honours

University of Alberta Golden Bears
* U Sports Men's Soccer Championship: 2016
Calgary Foothills
* Premier Development League: 2018
Individual
* Canada West Second Team All-Star: 2016
* Canada West First Team All-Star: 2017
# Karl Otto Paetel

Karl Otto Paetel (23 November 1906 – 4 May 1975) was a German political journalist. During the 1920s, he was a prominent exponent of National Bolshevism. During the 1930s, he became a member of anti-Nazi German resistance.

## Biography

Paetel was born on 23 November 1906 in Berlin. He attended the Siemens-Oberrealschule where he got involved in the Köngener Bund youth group. He later studied at the Friedrich-Wilhelm University of Berlin.
Paetel was involved in the German Youth Movement and became a prominent leader in the Deutsche Freischar that formed part of it. He belonged to its "national revolutionary" tendency, which sought to marry elements of both the radical left and the radical right in order to form a Third Position between the Nazi Party and the Communist Party of Germany. To this end he established his own Arbeitsring Junge Front and subsequently the Group of Social-Revolutionary Nationalists to promulgate his syncretic views. The latter group was established in 1930 due to his disillusionment with the Nazi Party, a group he had hitherto been well disposed towards, as he felt that their revolutionary rhetoric was insincere and that their essential nature was conservative. Nonetheless, he felt that the Nazi Party still contained "useful" revolutionary elements and was particularly active in attempting to win over members of the Hitler Youth to his side. In 1930 he became co-editor of Die Kommenden with prominent nationalist Ernst Jünger.
After escaping from internment by the French police in May 1940, he fled via southern France to Spain, and then to New York. There, he resumed his journalistic activities and worked as a correspondent. In 1943, he married his fiancée Elisabeth Zerner. After the war, he edited the magazine Deutsche Gegenwart and wrote about Jünger. In 1975, he died in Forest Hills, Queens, in New York City.

## Selected bibliography

* The National Bolshevist Manifesto, 1933
# Mezhdurechensk, Kemerovo Oblast

Mezhdurechensk (Russian: Междуреченск, IPA:; Shor: Суғаразы-тура, romanized: Suğarazı-tura) is a city in Kemerovo Oblast, Russia. Population: 101,678 (2010 Census); 101,987 (2002 Census); 107,014 (1989 Soviet census).

## History

It was established in 1948 and granted town status in 1955.
Aeroflot Flight 593 crashed near the city in 1994.
Victory Day celebrations were cancelled in the city after the nearby Raspadskaya mine explosion killed 91 people in 2010.

## Administrative and municipal status

Within the framework of administrative divisions, Mezhdurechensk serves as the administrative center of Mezhdurechensky District, even though is not a part of it. As an administrative division, it is incorporated separately as Mezhdurechensk City Under Oblast Jurisdiction—an administrative unit with a status equal to that of the districts. As a municipal division, the territories of Mezhdurechensk City Under Oblast Jurisdiction and of Mezhdurechensky District are incorporated as Mezhdurechensky Urban Okrug.

## Notable people

* Alexander Arbachakov, environmentalist
* Elmira Abdrazakova, Miss Russia 2013
* Sergei Kosmynin, European judo champion 1993 and 1994
* Arthur Kulkov, Russian male model
* Ilya Sorokin, Russian professional ice hockey goaltender for the New York Islanders
* Stepan Oganesyan, professional football player
* Pavlo Shylko, Ukrainian radio and television presenter. He was one of the presenters of the Eurovision Song Contest 2005.
# Chipola Formation

The Chipola Formation is a Late Oligocene to Early Miocene geologic formation in the Florida Panhandle and member of the Alum Bluff Group.

## Age

Period: Neogene Epoch: Early Miocene to Middle Miocene Faunal stage: Aqitanian ~18.9 to 18.3 mya, calculates to a period of 0.6 million years

## Location

The Chipola Formation is found along the Chipola River.

## Lithography

The Chipola Formation is composed of clays, sands and shell beds. These vary from fossil bearing sandy clays to sands, clays, and carbonate beds absent of fossil content with glauconite and phosphate mica which is common. The coloration is from cream to olive gray with mottled reddish brown in the weathered sections. The sands are soft and very fine to coarse with sporadic gravel while carbonate lenses are quite hard. Permeability of the sediments are generally low and are part of the intermediate confining unit/aquifer system.

## Fossil content

The Chipola Formation of the Early Miocene contains one of the most diverse, high-abundance ecosystems of mollusks ever described. It contained herbivorous and carnivorous mollusks at 30–50% as well as filter feeders at 7%. The formation was clearly an algae or detritus-based ecosystem not heavily dependent on phytoplankton. Small land-mammal fauna from an overlying unit supports the older age for the Chipola Formation at 18.9–18.3 Ma. (H. Kline et al.).
# The Prussian Officer and Other Stories

The Prussian Officer and Other Stories is a collection of early short stories by D. H. Lawrence. It was published by Duckworth in London on 26 November 1914, and in America by B. W. Huebsch in 1916.
The stories collected in this volume are:
* "The Prussian Officer"
* "The Thorn in the Flesh"
* "Daughters of the Vicar"
* "A Fragment of Stained Glass"
* "The Shades of Spring"
* "Second Best"
* "The Shadow in the Rose Garden"
* "Goose Fair"
* "The White Stocking"
* "A Sick Collier"
* "The Christening"
* "Odour of Chrysanthemums"

## "The Prussian Officer" plot

The first narrative in the collection is "The Prussian Officer", which tells of a captain and his orderly. Having wasted his youth gambling, the captain has been left with only his military career, and though he has taken on mistresses throughout his life, he remains single. His young orderly is involved in a relationship with a young woman, and the captain, feeling sexual tension towards the young man, prevents the orderly from engaging in the relationship by taking up his evenings. These evenings lead to the captain abusing his orderly and leaving large, painful bruises on his thighs, making it hard for the orderly to walk. Whilst isolated in a forest during manoeuvres, the orderly takes out murderous revenge on the captain, but finds himself in a daze seemingly due both to the pain of the bruises and thirst. The orderly eventually collapses and dies in the hospital shortly thereafter. The corpses of the two men lay side by side.

## Standard edition

* The Prussian Officer and other stories (1914), first edition
* The Prussian Officer and other stories (1914) (annoted), edited by John Worthen, Cambridge University Press, 1983, ISBN 0-521-24822-1
# Guillermo Avilés

Guillermo Jose (Difurnot) Aviles (born January 20, 1993) is a Cuban professional baseball first baseman and leftfielder for Alazanes de Granma in the Cuban National Series.
Aviles played for the Cuba national baseball team at the 2009 World Youth Baseball Championship, 2010 World Junior Baseball Championship, and 2017 World Baseball Classic.
# Bogoyavlensky

Bogoyavlensky, feminine: Bogoyavlenskaya is a Russian surname originated in clergy, it is derived from "явление бога", 'manifestation of God', i.e., epiphany and named after the holiday of Epiphany. Notable people with the surname include:
* Eleutherius Bogoyavlensky (1869(?)–1940), clergyman of the Russian Orthodox Church
* Vladimir Bogoyavlensky (1848–1918, clergyman of the Russian Orthodox Church
# Come (Jain song)

"Come" is a song by French singer-songwriter Jain from her debut studio album Zanaka and was also featured in NBA 2K17. It was written by Jain along with Kenan Williams, produced by Maxim Nucci and released on 11 May 2015.

## Live performances

Jain performed "Come" on the season final of the talent show The Voice of Italy on 23 May 2016.

## Charts
### Weekly charts

| Chart (2015-16) | Peak position |
| Belgium (Ultratop 50 Wallonia) | 5 |
| France (SNEP) | 1 |
| Italy (FIMI) | 20 |
| Poland (Polish Airplay Top 100) | 8 |
| San Marino (RTV) | 2 |
| Spain (PROMUSICAE) | 35 |
| Switzerland (Schweizer Hitparade) | 75 |
| US Adult Alternative Songs (Billboard) | 19 |

### Year-end charts

| Chart (2016) | Position |
| Belgium (Ultratop Wallonia) | 51 |
| France (SNEP) | 18 |

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| Canada (Music Canada) | Gold | 40,000$^‡$ |
| France (SNEP) | Diamond | 233,333$^‡$ |
| Italy (FIMI) | 2× Platinum | 100,000$^‡$ |
| Poland (ZPAV) | Platinum | 20,000$^‡$ |
| Spain (PROMUSICAE) | Gold | 20,000$^‡$ |
| $^‡$ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone. |||
# Dynamic testing

In software development, dynamic testing (or dynamic analysis) is examining the runtime response from a software system to particular input (test case).
Tests can be run manually or via automation.
Unit testing, integration testing, System testing and acceptance testing are forms of dynamic testing.
In contrast to static testing, the software must runnable.

## Evaluation

Advocates for dynamic testing cite that it can help identify weak areas in a runtime environment, supports application analysis even when the tester cannot access the source code, it can identify vulnerabilities that are difficult to find via static testing, and that it can verify the correctness of static testing results.
However, critics of dynamic testing cite that automated testing tools may give the wrong security, automated testing tools can generate false positives and negatives, and that dynamic testing makes it more expensive to fix bugs, as tracking them down can be more difficult, taking longer than needed.
# Upton Magna

Upton Magna is a village and civil parish in Shropshire, England. (Magna is Latin, meaning "great". Therefore, the translation of Upton Magna is "Great Upton".) Nearby are the villages of Uffington, Rodington and Withington, as well as the wooded Haughmond Hill. The nearest town to Upton Magna is Shrewsbury, just 2.4 miles (3.9 km) to the west.
Upton Magna is situated on the National Cycle Route 81 between Wellington and Shrewsbury.

## Buildings

Upton Magna is notable for containing the oldest still-standing cottage in Europe – Cruck Cottage, a thatch-roofed, timber-framed cottage located near the church. The entry for this Grade II listed building on the Historic England website suggests that it dates from the 15th or 16th century. However, although the building appears to have been remodelled in the 15th century, dendrochronological tests on the crucks in the cottage have dated the timber to 1269.
Key features of the village include a primary school, a Church of England parish church (dedicated to St Lucia), a village hall, a pub ("The Haughmond", formerly "The Corbet Arms"), and a small business park.

## Upton Forge

Near the village is the site of Upton Forge. (The location is grid reference SJ560113; 52°41′53″N 2°39′7″W﻿ / ﻿52.69806°N 2.65194°W﻿ / 52.69806; -2.65194.) The forge was in operation by 1675, and during the 18th century it was one of the largest forges in the country, with an output of 200 tons per year. It was leased by William Hazledine from 1800, and further developed; the works extended over about 2 miles (3.2 km) of the valley. The chains of the Menai Suspension Bridge and the Conwy Suspension Bridge were made here. The works closed after Hazledine's death in 1840.

## Notable people

* Samuel Fisher (died 1681), puritan clergyman and writer, was Rector of Upton Magna 1635-42
* Upton Magna is identifiably the "Upton-under-Amon near Shrewsbury" where John Plimmer (1812–1905) was reportedly born, "Amon" being Haughmond Hill. Educated at the village school, he later emigrated to New Zealand, where he became known as "the father of Wellington". He was registered as having been baptised, with the parental names given as Isaac and Mary, on 19 July 1812 at the parish church.
* Civil engineer Sir Henry Maybury (1864-1943) was educated at Upton Magna village school.
* Russian-born novelist, biographer and children's writer, E. M. Almedingen (1898-1971) lived at house Frogmore on the road to Atcham lifelong after World War II.
* Sir Derrick Capper (1912–1977), ultimately Chief Constable West Midlands Police, was son of a farmer at Downton, Upton Magna.
# Aurélien Cologni

Aurélien Cologni (born 11 February 1978 in France) is the head coach of FC Lezignan in the Elite One Championship and the French national rugby league team. Cologni is a former player, a French international who played for the Lézignan Sangliers club in France's Elite One Championship. He is the son of Jean-Jacques Cologni, who was also a rugby league player and coach.

## Coaching

He coached the France 9s squad at the 2019 Rugby League World Cup 9s.
Cologni was France head coach on two separate occasions.
# Saint Lucia black finch

The Saint Lucia black finch (Melanospiza richardsoni) is a species of bird in the family Thraupidae. It is endemic to Saint Lucia, where its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest, subtropical or tropical dry shrubland, and plantations.

## Description

The Saint Lucia black finch is a small (13–14 cm; 18–23 g) brown or black finch-like bird with a strong black bill. The male is all black with pink legs, the female is brown above with a contrasting grey crown and beige underparts. Juveniles are similar to the females.
The similar lesser Antillean bullfinch is larger but has a smaller bill and lacks the pink on the legs. The call is a somewhat bananaquit-like but rough "tick-zwee-swisiwis-you", with emphasis on the second and last notes.

## Status

This species has a very small population of only an estimated 250–1,000 adults. It is threatened by habitat destruction and predation by invasive species. The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) categorizes the species as critically endangered.