# Union affiliation by U.S. state

Union affiliation by U.S. state (2024) :
| Rank | State | Percent union members | Percent change | Union members | Percent represented by unions | Percent change | Represented by unions | Total employed | Right to Work |
| 1 | Hawaii | 26.5 | 2.4% | 147,000 | 27.5 | 1.9% | 153,000 | 556,000 | No |
| 2 | New York | 20.6 | | 1,706,000 | 21.9 | 0.4% | 1,814,000 | 8,278,000 | No |
| 3 | Alaska | 17.7 | 2.9% | 53,000 | 19.5 | 4.3% | 58,000 | 300,000 | No |
| 4 | Connecticut | 16.5 | 0.6% | 269,000 | 17.8 | 0.9% | 291,000 | 1,634,000 | No |
| 5 | New Jersey | 16.2 | 0.1% | 682,000 | 17.4 | 0.1% | 730,000 | 4,197,000 | No |
| 6 | Washington | 16.0 | 0.5% | 548,000 | 18.3 | 0.2% | 627,000 | 3,432,000 | No |
| 7 | Oregon | 15.9 | 1.8% | 292,000 | 17.5 | 2.5% | 321,000 | 1,835,000 | No |
| 8 | Massachusetts | 14.6 | 2.0% | 496,000 | 15.6 | 2.0% | 513,000 | 3,397,000 | No |
| 9 | Rhode Island | 14.5 | 2.2% | 73,000 | 15.3 | 2.1% | 77,000 | 500,000 | No |
| 10 | California | 14.5 | 0.9% | 2,381,000 | 16.3 | 0.6% | 2,678,000 | 16,399,000 | No |
| 11 | Vermont | 14.3 | | 42,000 | 15.8 | 0.4% | 47,000 | 297,000 | No |
| 12 | Minnesota | 14.2 | 0.9% | 379,000 | 14.8 | 0.7% | 394,000 | 2,668,000 | No |
| 13 | Michigan | 13.4 | 0.6% | 581,000 | 14.7 | 0.6% | 639,000 | 4,346,000 | No |
| 14 | Maine | 13.1 | 3.9% | 77,000 | 15.3 | 4.5% | 89,000 | 585,000 | No |
| 15 | Illinois | 13.1 | 0.3% | 734,000 | 14.2 | 0.6% | 798,000 | 5,615,000 | No |
| 16 | Nevada | 12.1 | 0.4% | 166,000 | 13.4 | 1.1% | 183,000 | 1,367,000 | Yes |
| 17 | Ohio | 12.1 | 0.4% | 621,000 | 13.3 | 0.2% | 685,000 | 5,147,000 | No |
| 18 | Montana | 11.9 | 0.1% | 56,000 | 13.1 | 0.1% | 62,000 | 474,000 | No |
| 19 | Pennsylvania | 11.7 | 1.2% | 666,000 | 12.4 | 1.8% | 708,000 | 5,706,000 | No |
| 20 | Maryland | 11.4 | 0.7% | 325,000 | 13.4 | 0.6% | 382,000 | 2,851,000 | No |
| 21 | District of Columbia | 10.6 | 1.5% | 38,000 | 11.7 | 1.3% | 42,000 | 362,000 | No |
| 22 | New Hampshire | 9.2 | 0.1% | 62,000 | 10.6 | 0.3% | 72,000 | 678,000 | No |
| 23 | Indiana | 9.0 | 1.0% | 271,000 | 10.4 | 1.3% | 313,000 | 2,999,000 | Yes |
| 24 | Kentucky | 8.8 | | 156,000 | 11.2 | 0.1% | 197,000 | 1,761,000 | Yes |
| 25 | West Virginia | 8.8 | 0.1% | 61,000 | 10.0 | 0.1% | 70,000 | 699,000 | Yes |
| 26 | Missouri | 8.6 | 0.7% | 234,000 | 9.3 | 1.1% | 255,000 | 2,734,000 | No |
| 27 | Delaware | 8.5 | 0.3% | 37,000 | 8.9 | 1.2% | 39,000 | 435,000 | No |
| 28 | Colorado | 7.7 | 0.8% | 206,000 | 8.0 | 0.6% | 214,000 | 2,671,000 | No |
| 29 | New Mexico | 7.5 | | 63,000 | 8.8 | 0.3% | 73,000 | 834,000 | No |
| 30 | Iowa | 7.2 | 0.8% | 93,000 | 8.8 | 0.5% | 119,000 | 1,437,000 | Yes |
| 31 | Nebraska | 6.8 | 0.5% | 62,000 | 8.1 | 1.3% | 74,000 | 913,000 | Yes |
| 32 | Alabama | 6.6 | 0.9% | 140,000 | 7.8 | 0.8% | 165,000 | 2,110,000 | Yes |
| 33 | Wisconsin | 6.4 | 1.0% | 180,000 | 6.9 | 1.5% | 196,000 | 2,819,000 | Yes |
| 34 | Kansas | 6.3 | 2.6% | 83,000 | 8.0 | 2.6% | 105,000 | 1,309,000 | Yes |
| 35 | Wyoming | 5.6 | | 14,000 | 6.7 | 0.1% | 17,000 | 249,000 | Yes |
| 36 | Oklahoma | 5.3 | 1.5% | 91,000 | 6.2 | 1.5% | 106,000 | 1,713,000 | Yes |
| 37 | Mississippi | 5.2 | 1.8% | 59,000 | 7.9 | 1.9% | 90,000 | 1,129,000 | Yes |
| 38 | Virginia | 5.2 | 0.9% | 207,000 | 5.7 | 0.1% | 229,000 | 3,997,000 | Yes |
| 39 | Florida | 5.1 | 0.4% | 462,000 | 6.3 | 0.2% | 569,000 | 9,086,000 | Yes |
| 40 | Idaho | 5.0 | 0.5% | 43,000 | 5.9 | 0.4% | 50,000 | 850,000 | Yes |
| 41 | North Dakota | 5.0 | 1.2% | 18,000 | 6.3 | 1.2% | 23,000 | 366,000 | Yes |
| 42 | Tennessee | 4.7 | 1.3% | 136,000 | 5.6 | 1.3% | 264,000 | 2,923,000 | Yes |
| 43 | Texas | 4.5 | | 603,000 | 5.4 | | 716,000 | 13,345,000 | Yes |
| 44 | Louisiana | 3.9 | 0.4% | 69,000 | 5.2 | 0.2% | 86,000 | 1,765,000 | Yes |
| 45 | Georgia | 3.8 | 0.8% | 174,000 | 4.4 | 1.0% | 203,000 | 4,619,000 | Yes |
| 46 | Utah | 3.7 | 0.4% | 58,000 | 7.8 | 0.6% | 122,000 | 1,558,000 | Yes |
| 47 | Arizona | 3.7 | 0.5% | 118,000 | 4.5 | 0.3% | 144,000 | 3,183,000 | Yes |
| 48 | Arkansas | 3.5 | 1.6% | 45,000 | 4.4 | 1.4% | 56,000 | 1,265,000 | Yes |
| 49 | South Carolina | 2.8 | 0.5% | 61,000 | 4.1 | 1.1% | 89,000 | 2,163,000 | Yes |
| 50 | South Dakota | 2.7 | 0.9% | 12,000 | 3.7 | 0.5% | 16,000 | 431,000 | Yes |
| 51 | North Carolina | 2.4 | 0.3% | 108,000 | 3.1 | 0.2% | 142,000 | 4,555,000 | Yes |
| — | United States | 9.9 | 0.1% | 14,255,000 | 11.1 | 0.1% | 16,023,000 | 144,522,000 | N/A |