OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# The Anvil (magazine)

The Anvil was an American literary and political activist magazine edited by Jack Conroy in the 1930s. The magazine had a leftist stance and was subtitled "Stories for Workers". According to Douglas C. Wixson, its story "would make an important chapter in the history of American literature if the 1930s were properly recognized in standard textbooks."

## History and profile

The Anvil was first published out of Moberly, Missouri, in May 1933 (ib.). Among the authors whose works appeared in the magazine were Langston Hughes, Richard Wright, Nelson Algren, Erskine Caldwell, Frank Yerby and Maxim Gorky.
In 1935, The Anvil was folded into the Partisan Review (ib., p. xIv), operating as The Partisan Review and Anvil until 1936. Conroy, speaking about the merger, said "I view The Anvil's death with keen regrets... I have no illusions about the character of the merged magazine. I will be Partisan Review, not Anvil".
In 1939, with the help of Nelson Algren, Conroy relaunched the magazine as The New Anvil.
# Anne of Burgundy

Anne of Burgundy, Duchess of Bedford (French: Anne de Bourgogne) (30 September 1404 – 13 November 1432) was a daughter of John the Fearless, Duke of Burgundy (1371–1419), and his wife Margaret of Bavaria (1363–1423).

## Duchess of Bedford

In June 1423 at Troyes, Anne married John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford, son of Henry IV of England, a marriage agreed by the terms of the 1423 Treaty of Amiens. The marriage was meant to cement relations between England and Anne's brother Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy. This alliance was vital for continued English success in France as, in 1422, John had been appointed Regent of France, during the minority of his nephew, Henry VI of England, who was seven months old at the death of his father on 31 August 1422. Burgundy's antagonism towards the House of Valois (which caused the Armagnac–Burgundian Civil War) had been one of the leading factors in the losses faced by the French at the hands of the English. While John and Anne were happily married, their union remained childless.
Anne was present during the trial against Joan of Arc. She herself, or the women of her household on her behalf, examined the virginity of Joan of Arc and confirmed her to be a virgin. Anne was reportedly impressed by Joan of Arc, and gave orders that no man, guards or men or high rank, was to touch Joan during her imprisonment. Anne attended the execution of Joan of Arc in Rouen in 1431.

## Death and legacy

Anne died on 13 November 1432 in Paris, at the Hôtel de Bourbon, adjoining the Louvre Palace. She was buried at the couvent des Célestins, while her heart was deposited at the couvent des Grands-Augustins. Her tomb was designed by Guillaume Vluten and, according to one historian, "ranks among the most important Parisian effigies of the first half of the fifteenth century". Of the original funerary monument at the couvent des Célestins (which was destroyed in 1849), two pieces have survived: the gisant (recumbent statue), which is at the Louvre museum, and the pleurants (mourning statue), at the Musée de Cluny, the Middle Ages museum in Paris. Bones and other remains, found during archeological exploration of the couvent des Célestins in 1847, were identified as being those of Anne, thanks to a plaque bearing her name. In 1853, these remains were re-buried in the grave of her grandfather, Philip the Bold, in Saint Bégnine cathedral in Dijon.
Anne's death signified the beginning of one of two disastrous trends in Lancastrian history. The next year, John remarried to Jacquetta of Luxembourg. For various political reasons, this alienated Anne's brother, Duke Philip. Relations between John and Philip became cool, leading to the 1435 peace negotiations between Burgundy and Charles VII, the exiled king of France. Later that year, Philip formally broke the alliance with England.

## Ancestry

Ancestors of Anne of Burgundy :
# Klingenberg, Saxony

Klingenberg (German pronunciation: ) is a municipality in the Sächsische Schweiz-Osterzgebirge district, in Saxony, Germany. It was formed on 31 December 2012 by the merger of the former municipalities Pretzschendorf and Höckendorf.

## Geography

The municipality is located 20 kilometers south-west of Dresden and 10 kilometers west of Dippoldiswalde.
Klingenberg consists of 11 subdivisions: Beerwalde, Borlas, Colmnitz (including Folge), Friedersdorf, Höckendorf (including Edle Krone), Klingenberg, Obercunnersdorf, Paulshain, Pretzschendorf, Röthenbach and Ruppendorf.

## Transport

Klingenberg is located along Dresden–Werdau railway, having two stations within its limits: Klingenberg-Colmnitz (located in the boroughs of Klingenberg and Colmnitz) and Edle Krone (located in the village of Höckendorf). At Klingenberg-Colmnitz station two narrow-gauge railway lines used to branch off until the early 1970s, connecting also the villages of Colmnitz and Pretzschendorf to the rail network.
# Randi Thorvaldsen

Randi Thorvaldsen (4 March 1925, in Øvre Eiker – 10 February 2011) was a Norwegian speedskater, silver medalist from the allround World Championship, and a previous World Record holder in 1,500 metres. She was the dominating female speedskater in Norway from the end of the Second World War to 1954. She was born in Fiskum, Øvre Eiker, and represented the club IF Liv, Hønefoss.

## National merits

Thorvaldsen won the first national all-round speed skating championship held in Norway after World War II, in 1946. She became Norwegian all-round champion nine years in a row, every year from 1946 to 1954. In these championships she won 34 distances, out of 36 possible. She set ten national records during her career. Her national record on 5,000 m from 1953, 9:35.6, was unbeaten for 29 years, until 1982.

## World championships

Thorvaldsen participated in eight World Championships. She placed fourth in 1948, and again fourth in 1949, and ninth in 1950. She won a silver medal at the World Allround Speed Skating Championships for Women in 1951 in Eskilstuna, behind Eevi Huttunen. At the 1951 championship she won the 500 m distance with the time 49.4, placed second at 1,000 m (1:42.6), second on 3,000 m (5:56.0) and second on 5,000 m (9:54.8), resulting in the samalog (total score) 219.513. At the World Championships in 1952 in Kokkola she won the bronze medal, after placing second on 500 m and 1,500 m, fifth on 3,000 m and sixth on 5,000 m. At the 1953 World Championships she finished sixth, and again sixth in 1954.

## Records

Thorvaldsen set a world record in women's 1500 m in Gjøvik in 1950, when she improved Laila Schou Nilsen's previous record from 1937. Her new record, 2:37.5, lasted less than one month, when it was beaten by Rimma Zhukova.
World records :
| Distance | Result | Date | Location |
| 1,500 m | 2:37.5 | 25 February 1950 | Gjøvik |
Norwegian records :
| Distance | Result | Date | Location |
| 3,000 m | 5:38.7 | 7 March 1948 | Rjukan |
| 3,000 m | 5:38.0 | 12 February 1949 | Kongsberg |
| 1,500 m | 2:37.5 | 25 February 1950 | Gjøvik |
| 3,000 m | 5:34.1 | 26 February 1950 | Gjøvik |
| Mini combination | 207.883 | 25 February 1950 | Gjøvik |
| 1500 m | 2:32.4 | 2 February 1952 | Trondheim |
| 1,000 m | 1:39.7 | 3 February 1952 | Trondheim |
| 3,000 m | 5:33.8 | 3 February 1952 | Trondheim |
| Mini combination | 204.283 | 3 February 1952 | Trondheim |
| 5,000 m | 9:35.6 | 22 February 1953 | Lillehammer |
Personal records :
| Distance | Result | Date | Location |
| 500 m | 48.0 | 2 February 1952 | Trondheim |
| 1,000 m | 1:39.7 | 3 February 1952 | Trondheim |
| 1,500 m | 2:32.4 | 2 February 1952 | Trondheim |
| 3,000 m | 5:33.8 | 3 February 1952 | Trondheim |
| 5,000 m | 9:35.6 | 22 February 1953 | Lillehammer |
| Mini combination | 204.283 | 3 February 1952 | Trondheim |
# Carlien Dirkse van den Heuvel

Carlien Dirkse van den Heuvel (born 16 April 1987) is a Dutch field hockey player.
At the 2012 Summer Olympics, she competed for the Netherlands women's national field hockey team in the women's event. Fox News notes her as one of ten LGBT Olympians to medal in London.

## Private life

Carlien is lesbian.
# A Cruelty Special to Our Species

A Cruelty Special to Our Species is the debut poetry collection by South Korean–born poet Emily Jungmin Yoon, published in 2018 by Ecco Press. It was published while Yoon was a doctoral student studying East Asian languages and civilizations at the University of Chicago. It has poems that address the history of comfort women who were exploited by Imperial Japan during World War II. It won the Devil's Kitchen Reading Award for poetry and was a finalist for the Kate Tufts Discovery Award.

## Content

The book is separated into four sections: "The Charge", "The Testimonies", "The Confessions", and "The After".

## Critical reception

Publishers Weekly gave the book a starred review, stating "Yoon’s is a brave new voice that respects how the past informs the present."
Critics observed Yoon's complex and multifaceted approach to the history of comfort women through poetry. The New York Times said "Yoon takes up the charge of amplifying the voices of an often-overlooked history." Michigan Quarterly Review said "The voices of this collection are insistent—they speak louder and louder, urging us to listen, believe, and mourn." Nashville Review wrote that Yoon's debut "is rich with moments of admirable reckoning and witness, offering a study of how historical narratives might follow a speaker into shaping her own fierce, sharp lineage." RHINO Poetry stated that the book both "holds fast to its tone of measured rage and sardonicism, and maintains a steady eye that demands accountability" but also "uplifts as it bears witness".
The Washington Post named the book as one of the best collections to read in October of 2018, stating "Yoon’s work is compelling in part because it shows the importance of understanding history and its enduring impact."
# Ralph McEachran

Ralph McEachran (born 30 May 2005) is an English professional rugby union footballer who plays for Rugby Premiership club Sale Sharks as a prop forward.

## Club career

He started playing rugby union at Guildford Rugby Club, prior to joining London Irish at the age of 14 years-old. He joined Sale Sharks in 2023 after London Irish ceased operations.
He played for Lymm RFC in National League 2 North on loan from Sale. He made his debut for Sale in the Premiership Rugby Cup during the 2024-25 season. That season, he also played on loan in the RFU Championship for Coventry RFC.

## International career

He is an England U20 international, making his debut during the Six Nstions U20 Championship in February 2025.

## Personal life

He attended The Bishop Wand Church of England School in Sunbury-on-Thames, Surrey.
# Dan Ortiz (politician)

Daniel H. Ortiz is a former nonaffiliated member of the Alaska House of Representatives, who represented the 1st District (formally 36th) from 2015 to 2025. He caucused with the Democratic-led majority for purposes of committee assignments.
Ortiz was elected in November 2014 to succeed retiring Representative Peggy Wilson of Wrangell. He defeated Wilson's endorsed candidate, Republican Chere Klein, by just 104 votes.

## Personal life

Dan Ortiz has a wife, Lori, and three children. He is a former schoolteacher who taught at Ketchikan High School.
# Magnus Fredriksen

Magnus Fredriksen (born 24 May 1997) is a Norwegian handball player for SønderjyskE and formerly the Norwegian national team.
He made his debut for the Norwegian national team in April 2018, and was selected for the extended squad for the 2019 World Men's Handball Championship.
# Mikhail Alekseev (linguist)

Mikhail Egorovich Alekseev (Russian: Михаи́л Его́рович Алексе́ев) (24 October 1949, in Mytishchi – 23 May 2014, in Ufa) was a Soviet and Russian linguist specializing in Nakh-Daghestanian languages.

## Career

Alekseev was the vice-director of the Institute of Linguistics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, and the head of its section on Caucasian languages.
He studied linguistics at Moscow State University with Aleksandr E. Kibrik, taking part in several field trips to Pamir and Daghestanian languages. He defended his dissertation in 1975, supervised by Georgiy A. Klimov, on "The problem of the affective/experiential sentence construction".
Alekseev's later contributions mostly concerned the historical-comparative study of Daghestanian languages. He was a close colleague and collaborator of Sergei A. Starostin.
# 1946–47 Iraqi parliamentary election

Parliamentary elections were held in Iraq between 21 November 1946 and 10 March 1947 to elect members of the Chamber of Deputies.

## Background

During the al-Suwaidi government (February–June 1946), the electoral law of 1924 was revised. The number of seats in the Chamber of Deputies was increased to 138 and provinces were divided into smaller electoral districts. The elections were held under the al-Said government (1946–47).
Five parties – the Liberals, National Union, National Liberation, Iraqi Communist, and People's Party – boycotted the elections, accusing the government of interfering in the electoral process.

## Results

Pro-government parties won the elections. Two opposition parties, the Iraqi Independence Party and the National Democratic Party, each won five seats.

## Aftermath

The new Parliament convened on 17 March 1947 and elected Abdul Aziz al-Qassab [ar] as speaker. Salih Jabr was tasked with forming a new government, which was officially formed on 29 March 1947.
After the 1948 uprising against the renewal of the 1930 Anglo-Iraqi Treaty and the Portsmouth Agreement, Salih Jabr resigned on 29 January 1948.
Muhammad as-Sadr subsequently formed a new government. These events strengthened the opposition parties. Parliament was dissolved on 20 February 1948 to allow for greater political participation in the upcoming elections.
# Vasile Pop

Vasile Pop (1789 – March 6, 1842) was an Imperial Austrian ethnic Romanian physician.
Born into an intellectual family in Chimitelnic, Mureș County, Transylvania, he began his education at the Greek-Catholic gymnasium in Târgu Mureș. He then went to the Piarist high school in Cluj, followed by the University of Vienna. He received a doctorate in philosophy in 1814, becoming the first Romanian to do so, according to Gheorghe Asachi. In 1817, he received a second doctorate, in medicine. Later that year, he moved to Brașov, where he wrote a treatise on the mineral water of Arpătac, Bodoc and Covasna, considered the first Romanian-language medical work. In 1820, Asachi invited several Transylvanian intellectuals, including Pop, to teach in Iași, the capital of Moldavia. There, Pop became director of the Romanian Orthodox Socola seminary, where he also taught philosophy and philology. He was obliged to leave after several months, due to the outbreak of an uprising in neighboring Wallachia.
In 1828, he began working as a doctor in the Făgăraș area, where he was tasked with combating a plague. The following year, he moved to the mining center of Zlatna, where he became chief medical officer and spent the remaining thirteen years of his life. He visited the various mining towns in order to familiarize himself with the workers' conditions and drafted recommendations for better organizing medical and social services. He dealt with work-related diseases and accidents, vaccination of children, endemic diseases and the betterment of conditions for doctors. He became close friends with George Bariț; 39 of their letters, which touch on political and cultural matters, survive. The two collaborated on a series of articles, with Pop showing particular interest in orthography. In early 1842, as Pop lay dying, the surrounding villages would send messengers to find out his state. When he died, the crowd standing in the square in front of his home burst into tears. He is buried in Zlatna's Orthodox cemetery.
# Muhammad Ibrahim Khan (Pakistani senator)

Muhammad Ibrahim Khan (پروفیسر محمد ابراہیم خان) is a Pakistani politician and deputy emir of Jamaat-e-Islami Pakistan since April 2019. Khan also served as a member of the Senate of Pakistan from March 2006 to March 2012.
He is also serving as president of Jamaat-e-Islami Khyber Pakhtunkhwa chapter since 19 April 2022.
# William Henry Lynn

William Henry Lynn (1829–1915) was an Irish-born architect with a practice in Belfast and the north of England. He is noted for his Ruskinian Venetian Gothic public buildings, which include Chester Town Hall (completed 1869) and Barrow-in-Furness Town Hall (completed 1886).

## Career

In 1846 Lynn was articled to Sir Charles Lanyon in Belfast; under Lanyon he prepared the drawings for the original building housing Queens College, Belfast. He and Lanyon formed a partnership in 1854; in 1860, with Charles' son John Lanyon as junior partner, they incorporated as Lanyon, Lynn and Lanyon. The partnership dissolved in 1872, when Lynn struck out on his own.
For their first joint projects (1855), Lynn and the elder Lanyon produced bank buildings at Newtownards, County Down, and at Dungannon, County Tyrone, which are two of the earliest Irish examples of the Venetian Gothic style that was being championed by John Ruskin. In Belfast the firm produced urbane Italianate commercial structures, in Dublin, the Church of St Andrew (1860) and the Unitarian Church, St Stephen's Green was "justly described as the best example extant of a modern Gothic church on a narrow street frontage, the treatment being quite original and altogether admirable". In Jordanstown, Co. Antrim, they designed the Romanesque Revival Church of St Patrick (1865–8) and, in England, the Chester Town Hall, following a public competition (1863–9), should be mentioned. In the 1860s a second Shane's Castle was designed with Charles Lanyon for 1st Lord O'Neill (burned 1922), and in 1870 Castle Leslie was designed for Sir John Leslie, 1st Baronet.
A project that was never realised was the remodelling and expansion of Clandeboye House for the young Lord Dufferin and Claneboye, though correspondence continued over three decades, concerning the plans but also ranging over a projected new house at Grey Point; a seaside resort at Helen's Bay; a water tank to be sited below Helen's Tower; and projects in Canada, where Lord Dufferin was Governor General. A letter from Lynn to Lord Dufferin in March 1869 referring to alterations then under way at Clandeboye, some interior alterations of the time were designed by Lynn, perhaps in the dining-room, drawing-room, library and gallery.
Among Lynn's most prominent designs working on his own were his work at Queen's University, Belfast, the Carlisle Memorial Methodist Church, Carlisle Circus, Belfast (1872–5; now semi-derelict and being restored) and the Ruskinian "Venetian" Gothic Belfast Bank on College Green, Dublin (1892), now housing a grand pub. Among his other later public commissions in Belfast were the Central Library (1883–8), the Bank Buildings (1895–1900), and Campbell College (1891–4). In part on the success of the Chester Town Hall he was commissioned to produce designs for Paisley Town Hall in Scotland (1875–82), and Barrow-in-Furness Town Hall in North Lancashire (1882–87), as well as the extension (1891–95) to the Italianate Harbour Office, Belfast.
One of his last designs was for the baptistry of St Anne's Cathedral, Belfast in 1915. He died that same year and is buried in Belfast City Cemetery.
# Joh Bailey

Joh Bailey (born 1962) is an Australian hair stylist based in Sydney.

## Biography

Bailey attended James Ruse Agricultural High School in Sydney. Bailey has supplied his services to well-known people, and works with business partner, Marilyn Koch.
In 1985, the first Joh Bailey hair salon was opened in Double Bay, Sydney. Salons were then opened in the Sydney CBD, Bowral, South Yarra in Melbourne and Bondi Junction. In 2006 Bailey, working with Bush Australia (a division of UK electronics company Alba), launched his own brand of haircare appliances.
In July 2022 Bailey married his long term partner Michael Christie.
# Atanasie Rednic

Atanasie Rednic (1722–1772) was Bishop of Făgăraş and Primate of the Romanian Greek Catholic Church from 1765 to his death in 1772.

## Life

Atanasie Rednic was born in February 1722 in Giulești, Maramureș from an influential family. He studied by the Jesuits in Cluj and from 1743 in the Institute Pazmanian in Vienna, where he graduated in theology in 1747. He moved to the monastery in Mukachevo of the Order of Saint Basil the Great and in 1749 he took the monastic vows and was ordained a priest. From 1751 he moved to Blaj, where he cooperated with bishop Petru Pavel Aron in spreading instruction: he founded schools and was appointed the rector of the seminary, and later he became the vicar of the bishop.
On 30 June 1764, following the death of the Primate of the Romanian Greek Catholic Church, the bishop of Făgăraş Petru Pavel Aron, the electoral synod convened and Rednic ranked only fourth in the results. Nevertheless, and against the will of the monks, the Habsburg monarch, Empress Maria Theresa, designated him as new bishop. Rednic accepted asking efforts from the government to improve the conditions of the clergy. Pope Clement XIII confirmed the designation on 15 May 1765, and Rednic moved from Vienna to the Carpathian Ruthenia, where he was consecrated bishop on 4 August 1765 by M. Olsavszky, the Eparch of Mukachevo. He later arrived to Blaj, where he was enthroned on 13 November 1765.
As bishop, he continued to ask financial support from the government to improve the conditions of the parishes and of the schools, without great results. He also tried to revitalise the monastic life in Blaj introducing a strict discipline which he himself followed. He also continued to support instruction, enlisting the more cultured monks as teachers, and providing aid grants for student to study abroad.
Rednic lived an ascetic life. He ate only vegetables and never wore silk clothing.
He died in Blaj on 2 May 1772.
# Gobiobotia jiangxiensis

Gobiobotia jiangxiensis is a species of small freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Gobionidae, the gudgeons. It is endemic to Jianxi where it is known from only two localities in the Xin-jiang River system in Shangrao, Jiangxi.