# Greene County, Tennessee

Greene County is a county located on the eastern border of the U.S. state of Tennessee. As of the 2020 census, the population was 70,152. Its county seat is Greeneville. Greene County comprises the Greeneville, TN Micropolitan Statistical Area.

## History

Greene County developed from the "Nolichucky settlement," established by pioneer Jacob Brown on land leased in the early 1770s from the Cherokee people. The Nolichucky settlement was aligned with the Watauga settlement, centered in modern Elizabethton.
After the United States became independent, Greene County was formed in 1783 from the original Washington County, North Carolina, part of the former Washington District. The county is named for Major General Nathanael Greene (1742-1786), a major general in the Continental Army from Rhode Island. John Crockett, father of Davy Crockett, and his wife settled in the county near Limestone. Davy Crockett was born there in 1786. At the time, the area was part of the extra-legal state Franklin.
Greene County is the home of Tusculum College, the oldest college in Tennessee; the state's oldest Methodist congregation (the Ebenezer Methodist Church, near Chuckey), and the state's second oldest continuously cultivated farm (Elmwood Farm, part of the Earnest Farms Historic District). Revolutionary War veteran, and state legislator, Col. Joseph Hardin made Greene County his home for a period of time, serving as justice of the peace and as one of the original trustees of Tusculum (then Greeneville) College.
As with yeomen farmers in much of East Tennessee, those in Greene County were generally Unionist and opposed to secession on the eve of the Civil War. In Tennessee's Ordinance of Secession referendum on June 8, 1861, Greene Countians voted against secession by a vote of 2,691 to 744. Following the vote (the call for secession was passed statewide), the second session of the East Tennessee Convention convened in Greeneville. It called for a separate, Union-aligned state to be formed in East Tennessee.
A railroad bridge near Mosheim was among those destroyed by the East Tennessee bridge-burning conspiracy in November 1861. Several of the conspirators who had taken part in the burning of this bridge were later captured and executed by Confederate supporters, including Jacob Hensie, Henry Fry, Jacob and Henry Harmon, and noted local potter Alex Haun.

## Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 624 square miles (1,620 km$^2$), of which 622 square miles (1,610 km$^2$) is land and 2.0 square miles (5.2 km$^2$) (0.3%) is water. Most of Greene County is located within the Ridge-and-Valley Appalachians, a range characterized by long, narrow ridges alternating with similarly shaped valleys. Bays Mountain, a prominent ridge in this range, forms much of Greene's northern border with Hawkins County. The extreme southeastern part of Greene County is located within the Blue Ridge Mountains, specifically a subrange of the Blue Ridge known as the Bald Mountains. This range straddles Greene's border with North Carolina, and includes the county's two highest points: Gravel Knob, which rises to over 4,840 feet (1,480 m), and 4,844-foot (1,476 m) Camp Creek Bald (it's uncertain which is higher due to lack of an exact measurement for Gravel Knob's elevation).
Greene County is drained by the Nolichucky River, which traverses the southern half of the county. This river is impounded by Nolichucky Dam south of Greeneville, creating Davy Crockett Lake.

### Major highways

* I-81
* US 11E
* US 11E Bus.
* US 321
* SR 70
* SR 93
* SR 107
* SR 172
* SR 340
* SR 348
* SR 349
* SR 350
* SR 351

### Adjacent counties

* Hawkins County (north)
* Washington County (east)
* Unicoi County (southeast)
* Madison County, North Carolina (south)
* Cocke County (southwest)
* Hamblen County (west)

### National protected areas

* Andrew Johnson National Cemetery
* Andrew Johnson National Historic Site
* Appalachian Trail (part)
* Cherokee National Forest (part)

### State protected areas

* Bible Covered Bridge State Historic Site
* Joachim Bible Refuge
* David Crockett Birthplace State Park (part)
* Lick Creek Bottoms Wildlife Management Area
* Nolichucky Wildlife Management Area
* Rocky Fork State Park (part)

### Other historic sites

* Earnest Farms Historic District
* Greeneville Historic District
* Maden Hall Farm

## Government
### Elected Officials
#### County Mayor

Kevin Morrison was elected County Mayor in August 2018 and began as mayor on September 1, 2018.

#### County Commission

Members of the county commission are elected by geographic district. They are as follows:
* District 1: Baileyton, Ottway, West Pines
** Charles Tim White
** Dale Tucker
** Kathy Crawford
* District 2: Chuckey, Chuckey Doak
** Brad Peters
** Kaleb Powell
** Joshua Arrowood
* District 3: Doak, Tusculum View
** Robin Quillen
** Jason Cobble
** Clifford "Doc" Bryant
* District 4: Camp Creek, Courthouse
** George Clemmer
** Bill Dabbs
** Lyle Parton
* District 5: Debusk, Nolachuckey, Middle School, South Greene
** Lloyd "Hoot" Bowers
** Pamela Carpenter
** Gary Shelton
* District 6: McDonald, Mosheim
** Jeffrey Bible
** Josh Kesterson
** John Waddle
* District 7: Glenwood, Greeneville High School
** Teddy Lawing
** Paul Burkey
** Lisa Anderson

#### Constables

Constables are elected law enforcement officials pursuant to T.C.A. 8-1-101. Constables, much like County Commissioners are elected by geographic district. They are as follows:
* District 1: Baileyton, Ottway, West Pines
** Travis Dearstone
* District 2: Chuckey, Chuckey Doak
** Wayne Wilhoit
* District 3: Doak, Tusculum View
** Kenneth Bitner
* District 4: Camp Creek, Courthouse
** William Parton
* District 5: Debusk, Nolachuckey, Middle School, South Greene
** Freddie Sams
* District 6: McDonald, Mosheim
** Matthew Brobeck
* District 7: Glenwood, Greeneville High School
** Timothy Vonglis

### Presidential elections

Like all of East Tennessee, Greene County is a Republican stronghold. The last Democratic presidential candidate to carry this county was Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1936.
United States presidential election results for Greene County, Tennessee :
| Year | Republican | Republican | Democratic | Democratic | Third party(ies) | Third party(ies) |
| Year | No. | % | No. | % | No. | % |
| 2024 | 25,586 | 82.28% | 5,145 | 16.55% | 364 | 1.17% |
| 2020 | 22,259 | 79.25% | 5,199 | 18.51% | 629 | 2.24% |
| 2016 | 18,562 | 78.71% | 4,216 | 17.88% | 805 | 3.41% |
| 2012 | 17,245 | 72.19% | 6,225 | 26.06% | 417 | 1.75% |
| 2008 | 17,151 | 69.52% | 7,110 | 28.82% | 409 | 1.66% |
| 2004 | 16,382 | 67.71% | 7,635 | 31.56% | 177 | 0.73% |
| 2000 | 12,540 | 60.24% | 7,909 | 37.99% | 367 | 1.76% |
| 1996 | 9,779 | 53.10% | 6,885 | 37.39% | 1,752 | 9.51% |
| 1992 | 9,912 | 47.48% | 7,857 | 37.64% | 3,106 | 14.88% |
| 1988 | 11,947 | 69.73% | 5,077 | 29.63% | 108 | 0.63% |
| 1984 | 13,215 | 73.15% | 4,763 | 26.37% | 87 | 0.48% |
| 1980 | 10,704 | 63.13% | 5,822 | 34.34% | 430 | 2.54% |
| 1976 | 8,664 | 54.56% | 7,070 | 44.52% | 146 | 0.92% |
| 1972 | 9,772 | 76.89% | 2,764 | 21.75% | 173 | 1.36% |
| 1968 | 7,957 | 58.26% | 2,947 | 21.58% | 2,753 | 20.16% |
| 1964 | 6,913 | 53.89% | 5,916 | 46.11% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1960 | 8,835 | 66.55% | 4,406 | 33.19% | 35 | 0.26% |
| 1956 | 7,396 | 64.87% | 3,949 | 34.63% | 57 | 0.50% |
| 1952 | 6,864 | 64.98% | 3,656 | 34.61% | 43 | 0.41% |
| 1948 | 4,375 | 55.56% | 3,282 | 41.68% | 218 | 2.77% |
| 1944 | 4,922 | 64.21% | 2,726 | 35.56% | 17 | 0.22% |
| 1940 | 4,587 | 50.21% | 4,406 | 48.23% | 142 | 1.55% |
| 1936 | 4,313 | 47.62% | 4,708 | 51.98% | 36 | 0.40% |
| 1932 | 3,223 | 42.79% | 4,264 | 56.61% | 45 | 0.60% |
| 1928 | 3,599 | 61.06% | 2,295 | 38.94% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1924 | 3,282 | 55.66% | 2,586 | 43.85% | 29 | 0.49% |
| 1920 | 5,677 | 65.97% | 2,924 | 33.98% | 5 | 0.06% |
| 1916 | 3,055 | 57.54% | 2,254 | 42.46% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1912 | 1,650 | 33.18% | 2,076 | 41.75% | 1,247 | 25.08% |

## Demographics
### 2020 census

Greene County racial composition :
| Race | Number | Percentage |
| White (non-Hispanic) | 63,143 | 90.01% |
| Black or African American (non-Hispanic) | 1,308 | 1.86% |
| Native American | 142 | 0.2% |
| Asian | 299 | 0.43% |
| Pacific Islander | 14 | 0.02% |
| Other/Mixed | 2,711 | 3.86% |
| Hispanic or Latino | 2,535 | 3.61% |
As of the 2020 United States census, there were 70,152 people, 28,323 households, and 18,481 families residing in the county.

### 2000 census

As of the census of 2000, there were 62,909 people, 25,756 households, and 18,132 families residing in the county. The population density was 101 people per square mile (39 people/km$^2$). There were 28,116 housing units at an average density of 45 units per square mile (17/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the county was 96.42% White, 2.11% Black or African American, 0.18% Native American, 0.27% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 0.43% from other races, and 0.56% from two or more races. 1.02% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.
There were 25,756 households, out of which 29.20% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.70% were married couples living together, 10.80% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.60% were non-families. 25.80% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.70% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.38 and the average family size was 2.84.
In the county, the population was spread out, with 22.20% under the age of 18, 8.10% from 18 to 24, 28.70% from 25 to 44, 26.10% from 45 to 64, and 14.80% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females there were 95.10 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.40 males.
The median income for a household in the county was $30,382, and the median income for a family was $36,889. Males had a median income of $26,331 versus $20,304 for females. The per capita income for the county was $15,746. About 11.20% of families and 14.50% of the population were below the poverty line, including 19.00% of those under age 18 and 16.70% of those age 65 or over.

## Education

There are two school districts: Greene County School District and Greeneville City School District. The latter includes the Greeneville city limits, and the former includes all other areas of the county.
Public schools in Greene County school system include the following:
* Baileyton Elementary
* Camp Creek Elementary
* Chuckey Elementary
* Doak Elementary
* McDonald Elementary
* Mosheim Elementary
* Nolachuckey Elementary
* Chuckey-Doak Middle School
* Chuckey-Doak High School
* North Greene Middle School
* North Greene High School
* South Greene Middle School
* South Greene High School
* West Greene Middle School
* West Greene High School
Public schools that are within Greene County but are part of the Greeneville City School System include:
* Eastview Elementary
* Hal Henard Elementary
* Highland Elementary
* Tusculum View Elementary
* Greeneville Middle School
* Greeneville High School
* Greene Technology Center

## Hospitals

Two hospitals are located in Greene County, Greeneville Community Hospital West campus and Greeneville Community East campus. These hospitals were formally Takoma Regional Hospital and Laughlin Memorial Hospital, respectively, after Ballad Health formed from the merger between Mountain States Health Alliance and Wellmont Health System.

## Communities
### City

* Tusculum

### Towns

* Baileyton
* Greeneville (county seat)
* Mosheim

### Census-designated place

* Fall Branch (partial)

### Unincorporated communities

* Afton
* Camp Creek
* Cedar Creek
* Chuckey
* Cross Anchor
* DeBusk
* Grandview
* Horse Creek
* Jearoldstown
* Liberty Hill
* Limestone
* Midway
* Mohawk
* Newmansville
* Ottway
* Rheatown
* Romeo
* St. James
* South Greene
* Warrensburg

## Notable people

* Rachel Belden Brooks (c. 1829–1910), American pioneer