OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Central Bank of Paraguay

The Central Bank of Paraguay (Spanish: Banco Central del Paraguay) is Paraguay's highest monetary authority, and the country's governing body, in finances and economics. Its headquarters are in Asunción's Carmelitas neighbourhood.
The current President of Securities, appointed in 2023, is Joshua Abreu, an MBA graduate from St Hugh's College, Oxford.
The institution was created by Law 18/52 of March 25, 1952. In 1995, the legal frame of the Central Bank was replaced by Law 489/95.
The bank manages the printing and minting of the Paraguayan currency, the guaraní.
The Bank is active in promoting financial inclusion policy and is a leading member of the Alliance for Financial Inclusion. It is also one of the original 17 regulatory institutions to make specific national commitments to financial inclusion under the Maya Declaration during the 2011 Global Policy Forum held in Mexico.
In 1998, the Bank ordered the liquidation of one of the country's banks due to a severe lack of liquidity. The government sent emergency legislation to Congress to try to guarantee bank deposits and prevent a run on savings.
In 2005, former Paraguayan president, Luis Gonzales Macchi and four bank officials were jailed following their involvement in the illegal transfer of $16m of funds through the bank to the United States.

## Presidents of the Central Bank of Paraguay

The President is appointed for a term of five years.
* Juan Ramón Chávez (1952)
* Pedro Juan Mayor (1952), interim
* Epifanio Méndez Fleitas (1952-1954)
* Pedro Mayor (1954), interim
* Osvaldo Chávez (1954)
* Pedro Mayor (1955), interim
* Epifanio Méndez Fleitas (1955)
* Gustavo Storm (1955-1959)
* César Romeo Acosta Martínez (1959-1989)
* Crispiniano Sandoval Silva (1989-1991)
* José Enrique Páez (1991-1993)
* Jacinto Estigarribia (1993-1995)
* Dionisio Coronel Benítez (1995), interim
* Hermes Gómez Ginard (1995-1998)
* Jorge Gulino Ferrari (1998-1999), interim
* Samuel Washington Aswell (1999-2001)
* Raúl Vera Bogado (2001-2002)
* Juan Antonio Ortiz Vely (2002-2003)
* Angel Gabriel González (2003-2005)
* Mónica Pérez (2005-2007)
* Venicio Sánchez Guerreros (2007), interim
* Germán H. Rojas Irigoyen (2007-2008), interim
* Jorge Corvalán (2008-2013)
* Carlos Fernández Valdovinos (2013-2018)
* José Cantero Sienra (2018-2023)
* Carlos Dagoberto Carvallo Spalding (2023-)
# Kris King

Kristopher King (born February 18, 1966) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey forward who played 14 seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL) for the Detroit Red Wings, New York Rangers, Winnipeg Jets, Phoenix Coyotes, Toronto Maple Leafs, and the Chicago Blackhawks. He won the King Clancy Memorial Trophy in 1996. He also started the Kris King Hockey School summer camp in Gravenhurst, Ontario in 1987.
King now works for the National Hockey League as Senior Vice President of Hockey Operations for the NHL's central office in Toronto.

## Career statistics

| | | | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs |
| Season | Team | League | GP | G | A | Pts | PIM | GP | G | A | Pts | PIM |
| 1982–83 | Gravenhurst Indians | GMOJHL | 32 | 72 | 53 | 125 | 115 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1983–84 | Peterborough Petes | OHL | 62 | 13 | 18 | 31 | 168 | 8 | 3 | 3 | 6 | 14 |
| 1984–85 | Peterborough Petes | OHL | 61 | 18 | 35 | 53 | 222 | 16 | 2 | 8 | 10 | 28 |
| 1985–86 | Peterborough Petes | OHL | 58 | 19 | 40 | 59 | 254 | 8 | 4 | 0 | 4 | 21 |
| 1986–87 | Peterborough Petes | OHL | 46 | 23 | 33 | 56 | 160 | 12 | 5 | 8 | 13 | 41 |
| 1986–87 | Binghamton Whalers | AHL | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 18 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1987–88 | Detroit Red Wings | NHL | 3 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1987–88 | Adirondack Red Wings | AHL | 76 | 21 | 32 | 53 | 337 | 10 | 4 | 4 | 8 | 53 |
| 1988–89 | Detroit Red Wings | NHL | 55 | 2 | 3 | 5 | 168 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| 1989–90 | New York Rangers | NHL | 68 | 6 | 7 | 13 | 286 | 10 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 38 |
| 1990–91 | New York Rangers | NHL | 72 | 11 | 14 | 25 | 154 | 6 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 36 |
| 1991–92 | New York Rangers | NHL | 79 | 10 | 9 | 19 | 224 | 13 | 4 | 1 | 5 | 14 |
| 1992–93 | New York Rangers | NHL | 30 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 67 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1992–93 | Winnipeg Jets | NHL | 48 | 8 | 8 | 16 | 136 | 6 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 4 |
| 1993–94 | Winnipeg Jets | NHL | 83 | 4 | 8 | 12 | 205 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1994–95 | Winnipeg Jets | NHL | 48 | 4 | 2 | 6 | 85 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1995–96 | Winnipeg Jets | NHL | 81 | 9 | 11 | 20 | 151 | 5 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 4 |
| 1996–97 | Phoenix Coyotes | NHL | 81 | 3 | 11 | 14 | 185 | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 17 |
| 1997–98 | Toronto Maple Leafs | NHL | 82 | 3 | 3 | 6 | 199 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1998–99 | Toronto Maple Leafs | NHL | 67 | 2 | 2 | 4 | 105 | 17 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 25 |
| 1999–2000 | Toronto Maple Leafs | NHL | 39 | 2 | 4 | 6 | 55 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| 1999–2000 | Chicago Wolves | IHL | 15 | 2 | 4 | 6 | 19 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2000–01 | Chicago Blackhawks | NHL | 13 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 8 | — | — | — | — | — |
| NHL totals | NHL totals | NHL totals | 849 | 66 | 85 | 151 | 2,030 | 67 | 8 | 5 | 13 | 142 |
# Ghana men's national field hockey team

The Ghana men's national field hockey team represents Ghana in men's international field hockey competitions and is controlled by the Ghana Hockey Association, the governing body for field hockey in Ghana.
Ghana is ranked at 36 according to FIH Rankings (as of June 2019).

## Overview

Ghana participated in the Hockey World League for the first time in 2016–17. In Round 1, they played in the African group with Kenya, Namibia and Nigeria, winning all three pool matches including a 1–0 victory over the strong Kenyan team. In Round 2, they were placed in Pool B with Sri Lanka, Egypt and China. Ghana beat only Sri Lanka, and in the quarterfinal clash, Oman stunned Ghana 4–3. In the end, Ghana finished 6th in the rankings.
Trainings and matches in preparation for international tournaments are held at the Theodosia Okoh Hockey Stadium in Accra.

## Tournament record
### World Cup

* 1975 – 12th place

### Africa Cup of Nations

* 1974 –
* 1983 –
* 2000 – 4th place
* 2005 –
* 2009 –
* 2013 – 4th place
* 2017 –
* 2022 – 5th
* 2025 – Q

### African Games

* 1987 – 5th place
* 1991 – 4th place
* 1999 – 5th place
* 2003 –
* 2023 –

### African Olympic Qualifier

* 2007 – 4th place
* 2011 –
* 2015 – 4th place
* 2019 –
* 2023 –

### Commonwealth Games

* 2022 – 10th place

### Hockey World League

* 2012–13 – Round 1
* 2014–15 – Round 1
* 2016–17 – 28th place
# Argumentum ad crumenam

An argumentum ad crumenam argument, also known as an argument to the purse, is the informal fallacy of drawing conclusions based on the speaker's financial status. The term generally refers to the assumption that having wealth is indicative of insight or virtue, and that poverty denotes the opposite.
The opposite is the argumentum ad lazarum.
Examples:
* "If you're so smart, why aren't you rich?"
* "This new law is a good idea. Most of the people against it are riff-raff who make less than $20,000 a year."
* "Warren Buffett is hosting a seminar. This seminar is better than others, because Warren Buffett is richer than most people."
# Thermococcus barophilus

Thermococcus barophilus is a piezophilic and hyperthermophilic archaeon isolated from a deep-sea hydrothermal vent. It is anaerobic and sulfur-metabolising, with type strain MP$^T$.

## Nomenclature

The name Thermococcus barophilus has Greek roots, thermo for heat, kokkos for the spherical cells, baros for weight, and philos for loving. Overall, the name means "organism with a spherical body that gravitates to heat and to the pressure of the water column."

## Physiology

T. barophilus can grow at even higher temperatures if the pressure is high, as well. At an atmospheric pressure, it can grow at temperatures of 45–90 °C, with an optimal temperature of 85 °C, but it can grow at temperatures as high as 100 °C if the hydrostatic pressure is 15.0–17.5 MPa. Sulfur is normally necessary for its growth, but it can also grow slowly in absence of sulfur. Membrane lipid has a major archaeol component.

## Genome

The genome of T. barophilus has been sequenced and is circular in nature with a size of 2,010,078bp. It has also a circular plasmid pTBMP1. The genome sequence shows that it has the carboxydotrophic pathway and bears seven different hydrogenase complexes.

## Transcriptome

The transcriptome analysis of this organism has also been done. It has been found that, 378 genes are differentially expressed in T. barophilus under different pressure conditions. Genes related to energy production and conversion, inorganic ion transport and metabolism and crabohydrate transport and metabolism are upregulated. Genes which are downregulated are involved in amino acid transport and metabolism, nucleotide transport and metabolism, replication and repair and recombination and inorganic ion transport and metabolism.
# Enola Branch

The Enola Branch is a rail line segment of the Port Road Branch and was a rail line. The Enola Branch rail line segment and the rest of the Port Road Branch is owned and operated by the Norfolk Southern Railway in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania. The rail line segment runs from Washington Boro northwest to Marysville and it is a former Pennsylvania Railroad rail line. Its south end is at a former junction with the Atglen and Susquehanna Branch, where the main segment of the Port Road Branch continues southeast. Its north end is at the Pittsburgh Line. Along the way, it meets the York Secondary at Wago Junction (near York Haven) and goes under the Lurgan Branch at Lemoyne. Norfolk Southern labels the Enola Branch as part of the Port Road Branch, officially ending the Enola Branch's existence as a rail line. The main segment of the Port Road Branch runs from Marysville south to Perryville, Maryland. The line goes through the Enola Yard.

## History

The York and Cumberland Railroad opened the line from York north to Lemoyne in 1851; this is part of the current Enola Branch rail line segment north of Wago Junction. The Northern Central Railway extended the line north to Dauphin in 1858; this extension south of Marysville is now the Enola Branch railroad segment.
The Columbia and Port Deposit Railroad opened in 1877, including the Enola Branch rail line segment south of Columbia. The York Haven and Rowenna Railroad opened the Shocks Mills Bridge and connecting trackage in 1905, running from Rowenna northwest to Wago Junction. The final piece of the Enola Branch rail line segment opened in 1906, with the completion of the Atglen and Susquehanna Branch to Rowenna. The entire Enola Branch property became part of the Pennsylvania Railroad, Penn Central and Conrail through leases, mergers, and takeovers, and in the 1999 breakup of Conrail it was assigned to Norfolk Southern.
# Amy Leventer

Amy Leventer is an American Antarctic researcher and academic specialising in micropaleontology, with specific research interests in marine geology, marine biology, and climate change. Since 1983, Leventer has participated in over 25 scientific research expeditions to Antarctica.

## Early life and education

Leventer grew up in Framingham, Massachusetts, and Congers, New York. As a child she collected seashells, pebbles, insects, leaves and flowers. She always tried to organise things by what they looked like and order the items that she saw around her. Leventer attended Brown University to study a Bachelors of science in aquatic biology in 1979, followed by a Masters at the University of South Carolina in 1982 and a PhD in geology from Rice University in 1988.

## Career and impact

Leventer started her post-doctoral research at Ohio State University (1989–92) where she received the Byrd Postdoctoral Fellowship, and she continued with research and teaching appointments at Otterbein College (1990–94) and the University of Minnesota (1994–97). She was appointed a Visiting Assistant Professor at Colgate University in 1997, promoted to Associate Professor in 2003 and to Full Professor in 2013. She served as Chair of the Department of Geology from 2009 to 2012 and is currently the chair of Colgate's Research Council. Her teaching impact has been recognised by nomination for the Phi Eta Sigma student award on three occasions, and she has mentored more than 50 research and independent study students.
Leventer specialises in marine geology, biological oceanography, and paleoclimatology. Her research involves the study of climate change over geological time through analysis of the sedimentary fossil record from Antarctica, where she has travelled many times since 1983. She was Chief Scientist on a 2014 international research cruise to Antarctica to evaluate the recent and longer-term behavior of glacial systems. Among almost 50 scientific publications, Leventer has three co-authored articles in the prestigious journal Nature.

## Awards and honors

* 1998: Distinguished Visiting Scholar, Queen's University, Kingston Canada
* 1989: Byrd Postdoctoral Fellowship, Byrd Polar Research Center, Ohio State University
* 2019: Goldthwait Polar Medal

## Selected works

* Leventer, Amy, et al. "Productivity cycles of 200–300 years in the Antarctic Peninsula region: understanding linkages among the sun, atmosphere, oceans, sea ice, and biota." Geological Society of America Bulletin 108.12 (1996): 1626–1644.
* Smith, Raymond C., et al. "Marine Ecosystem Sensitivity to Climate Change Historical observations and paleoecological records reveal ecological transitions in the Antarctic Peninsula region." BioScience 49.5 (1999): 393–404.
* Leventer, Amy. et al., "Marine sediment record from the East Antarctic margin reveals dynamics of ice sheet recession." "GSA Today" 16.12 (2006): 4-10.
* Mackintosh, Andrew, et al., "Retreat history of the East Antarctic Ice Sheet since the Last Glacial Maximum." "Quaternary Science Reviews" 100.15 (2014): 10–30.
# Time:matters

time:matters is a German logistics company specializing in urgent transports and time-critical international shipping. The company, founded on January 1, 2002, is owned by Lufthansa Cargo. The company benefits from exclusive cooperation agreements, providing access to the Lufthansa Group network, Intercity-Express high-speed railway services of Deutsche Bahn, as well as collaborations with Frankfurt International Airport and Munich Airport. Additionally, time:matters operates its own courier terminals. Its services cater to various industries, including Life and Health, Medical Technology, Aviation and Aerospace, Machinery and Components, Automotive, and High Tech and Semiconductors.

## History

time:matters was established in 2002 as a spin-off from Lufthansa Cargo AG under the name "Lufthansa Cargo Same Day World GmbH". The company later rebranded to "time:matters GmbH" in 2003, focusing on "Special Speed Solutions" and time-critical shipments via air, rail, and road. In 2004, time:matters partnered with United Airlines Cargo for intercontinental shipments to the United States.
In 2007, Aheim Capital GmbH acquired a majority stake, with Lufthansa Cargo retaining 49%. Subsequently, "time:matters Spare Parts Logistics GmbH" was established to supply customers with required spare parts. The same year saw the opening of the Courier Terminal at Frankfurt Airport. In 2010, the ic:kurier service expanded to Vienna, Paris, and France.
In 2016, Lufthansa Cargo became the sole stakeholder by acquiring 51% from Aheim Capital GmbH. Subsequently, in 2017, the company launched its digital On Board Courier platform, airmates.
In 2018, time:matters expanded its same-day Air network to the US and Mexico. The company also obtained ISO 14001:2015 environmental certification and acquired CB Customs Broker GmbH and Customs Broker Cargo Handling GmbH, enhancing its customs clearance services.
In 2019, time:matters expanded its same-day Air network to Asia and received ISO 9001:2015 and AEO certifications. The company also began offsetting CO2 emissions for all airmates Onboard Courier transports.
In 2020, time:matters expanded its presence in the US, establishing a corporate affiliate and a domestic same-day Air network with 100 stations.
The time:matters headquarters is located at Gutenberg Street 6, Neu-Isenburg, Germany, and the company employs over 330 people.

## Subsidiaries

* time:matters Courier Terminals GmbH
* time:matters Austria GmbH
* time:matters Netherlands B.V.
* time:matters Asia Pacific Pte Ltd.
* time:matters Shanghai International Freight Forwarding Ltd.
* time:matters Americas, Inc.
# Wisconsin Rapids Daily Tribune

The Wisconsin Rapids Daily Tribune is a daily newspaper published in Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin. It is owned by Gannett, which also owns the nearby Stevens Point Journal and Marshfield News-Herald. The newspaper was formerly owned by Thomson Newspapers Inc.

## History

The newspaper was started in the early 1900s by William F. Huffman, Sr.
In the 1990s, the paper was at the center of a controversial murder case, when the Daily Tribune's receptionist, Jayne Susan Jacobson, murdered publisher David Gentry's secretary, Julie Schroer at Schroer's home in 1990. Jacobson was found not guilty by reason of mental disease or defect and was released within a few years of the slaying.
Among former staffers of this newspaper are Robert D. McFadden, a Pulitzer Prize-winning senior reporter for The New York Times, who worked for the Daily Tribune from 1957 to 1958; Robert Des Jarlais, an award-winning sports and general news editor and reporter at the Daily Tribune from the mid-1960s until shortly before his untimely death in 2003; and David L. Van Wormer, an Outdoor Writer for the Milwaukee Journal, a sportswriter and editor for the Tribune at various times between 1970 and 1995.
# Salavat, Iran

Salavat (Persian: صلوات) is a village in, and the capital of, Salavat Rural District in Moradlu District of Meshgin Shahr County, Ardabil province, Iran.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the village's population was 970 in 200 households. The following census in 2011 counted 674 people in 171 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the village as 694 people in 210 households. It was the most populous village in its rural district.
# Yester-Me, Yester-You, Yesterday

"Yester-Me, Yester-You, Yesterday" is a soul song written by Ron Miller and Bryan Wells, released by American Motown singer-songwriter-musician Stevie Wonder on the album My Cherie Amour (1969). It peaked at number 7 on the Billboard Hot 100 the weeks of December 13 and 20, 1969 and become Wonder's ninth Top 10 single of the 1960s. In November 1969, it reached number 2 on the UK singles chart, making it at that time, Wonder's biggest UK hit.
Stevie also recorded an Italian version with the title "Solo te, solo me, solo noi" (Only you, only me, only us), translated by Peter Ricci. The song was later reworked into an electronic version by Jennifer Rush on her 1985 Movin' album.

## Background

The song had been first recorded, in 1966, by blue-eyed Motown soul singer Chris Clark.
At the time the song was released, Wonder was going through some vocal problems and was required to wait before recording a song. Due to this, instead of making Wonder record new ones, they decided to release songs that he had recorded years earlier, and this song was one of them (it was recorded two years earlier). The song's main theme is nostalgia for a loved one.
Cash Box called it a "sparkling easy-blues-beat ballad" with "interesting lyric, performance and production."

## Personnel

* Lead vocals: Stevie Wonder
* Background vocals:
** The Originals: Freddie Gorman, Walter Gaines, Hank Dixon, C. P. Spencer
** The Andantes: Jackie Hicks, Marlene Barrow, Louvain Demps
* Instrumentation: The Funk Brothers
# Pete Giddings

Peter F. Giddings (born in 1939 in New York City) is a multiple Emmy Award winning television meteorologist.
He worked as a local television news meteorologist in Northern California and Northern Nevada. He is best known for his 29 years as a meteorologist at KGO-TV in San Francisco. Giddings earned six Emmy Awards during his tenure at KGO. He now works at Second Harvest Food of Santa Clara and San Mateo Counties as a volunteer coordinator.

## Career

Giddings' first television job was at WTVT-TV in Tampa, Florida where he worked for five years. After a stop in Nashville, Tennessee, he moved to KGO in 1970. He joined Reno, Nevada’s KOLO-TV in January 1999. In 2001, he returned to predicting coastal storms in California as he returned to KGO (AM) and at the same time, Giddings forecast the weather at KION and KCBA in Salinas from 2003 to 2007. Giddings began one of the first regional broadcast ski reports in the 1960s. He is now doing web based forecasts for the Bay Area on his own website.
In the film George of the Jungle, Giddings appears as the ABC7 meteorologist that George is watching while hyped up on coffee.

## Meteorology

* Fellow, American Meteorological Society (AMS)
* AMS Certified Consulting Meteorologist (CCM)
* Member, AMS Board of Directors of Radio and Television
* Member, AMS Board of School and Popular Meteorological Education
* Fellow, Royal Meteorological Society (United Kingdom)
* Lecturer, UC Berkeley, Stanford University, Dominican University, and Desert Research Institute
In 1990, the AMS honored Giddings with the Award for Outstanding Service by a broadcast meteorologist in recognition of his efforts to combat scientific illiteracy among youth.
In 1996, Giddings was one of fifty meteorologists from around the world to be invited by the Clinton administration to participate in a summit on Climate Change.

## Education

Giddings won a national Emmy Award in 1977 for his work producing an educational program entitled What Makes the Wind Blow.
In 1990, the California State Legislature and congresswoman Nancy Pelosi honored Giddings with an official resolution for Weather Fun with Pete Giddings a twenty lesson basic meteorology course for fourth, fifth, and sixth graders. The program ran in more than 200 California schools.

## Personal life

Originally from New York City, Giddings attended the University of Maryland and University of South Florida in Tampa. Pete and his wife live in San Jose, California. They have one son. Pete has a daughter and son from previous marriage.
# Stung (1931 film)

Stung is a 1931 two reel sound short film, directed by William Cowen.
During a murder trial, a defense attorney "fixes" a witless juror to hold out for a manslaughter verdict. A critic for the Motion Picture Herald wrote: "A surprise in the last spoken words of this short feature is the entire 'punch'."

## Cast

* Raymond Hatton
* Warner Richmond
* Maurice Black
* Crauford Kent
* Fred Howard
* John Hyams
# Math League

Math League is a math competition for elementary, middle, and high school students in the United States, Canada, and other countries. The Math League was founded in 1977 by two high school mathematics teachers, Steven R. Conrad and Daniel Flegler. Math Leagues, Inc. publishes old contests through a series of books entitled Math League Press. The purpose of the Math League Contests is to provide students "an enriching opportunity to participate in an academically-oriented activity" and to let students "gain recognition for mathematical achievement".
Math League runs three contest formats:
* Grades 4-5: 30 multiple-choice questions to solve in 30 minutes, covering arithmetic and basic principles
* Grades 6-8: 35 multiple-choice questions to solve in 30 minutes, covering advanced arithmetic and basic topics in geometry and algebra
* Grades 9-12: Series of 6 contests. Each contest contains 6 short-answer questions to solve in 30 minutes, covering geometry, algebra, trigonometry, and other advanced pre-calculus topics.
Only plain paper, pencil or pen, and a calculator without QWERTY keyboard are allowed.
Students who score above 12 points in grades 4 and 5, and above 15 points in grades 6-8 are awarded a 'Certificate of Merit." Which means they win.