OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Lamplugh Glacier

Lamplugh Glacier is an 8-mile-long (13 km) glacier located in Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve in the U.S. state of Alaska. It leads north to its 1961 terminus in Johns Hopkins Inlet, 1.4 miles (2.3 km) west of Ptarmigan Creek and 76 miles (122 km) northwest of Hoonah. The glacier was named by Lawrence Martin of the U.S. Geological Survey around 1912 for English geologist George William Lamplugh (1859–1926), who visited Glacier Bay in 1884.
On 28 June 2016, a 1,200-meter (3,900 ft) mountainside collapsed onto Lamplugh Glacier, causing a landslide with a volume of between 62,000,000 and 79,800,000 cubic meters (81,100,000 and 104,000,000 cu yd) that dropped 120,000,000 metric tons (132,000,000 short tons) of rock and debris onto the glacier. The landslide left a 9-kilometer (5.6 mi) long debris field on the glacier's surface.
# Dyah Pancapana

Dyah Pancapana (7 October 746 – 1 April 784) or regnal name Śrī Mahārāja Dyaḥ Pañcapaṇa Kariyāna Paṇaṃkaraṇa Śrī Saṅgrāmadhanañjaya, was the second king of Mataram from the Shailendra dynasty whose kingdom was centered on the Java island Indonesia. He was the immediate successor of Sri Sanjaya, the founder of Sanjaya dynasty as mentioned in the Kalasan inscription.$^{:88,108}$ The name of Panangkaran is mentioned in the Balitung charter (found in the Kedu Plain area) as the line of kings who were named as the 'builders of kraton'.
In the late 8th and early 9th centuries, Java observed rivalries between two dynasties. The first four Sanjaya dynasty lines after King Sanjaya (Panangkaran, Panunggalan, Warak and Garung), which was known as the Amrati Kings, competed over their power and religious influences with the Sailendras princes in the south of central Java who had arisen since 779. The Sanjayas were Hindus while Sailendras were Buddhists. There was only an isolated kingship in the east of Java, Gajayana, who appeared to have control over the Mount Kawi region in 760.
Although relationship between the Amrati Kings with Sailendra was important at that time, the rivalries between the two is still unclear. From the Kalasan and Ratu Boko inscriptions, there were stated that Panangkaran granted permission requested by the collective guru of the Sailendra king to build Buddhist sculptures, shrines and monasteries in honor to the goddess Tara. The construction was built under Panangkaran's supervision, but was supported by Sailendra's expenses. In order to show his respect to the guru, Panangkaran consented the building of the shrine by giving the village of Kalasan to the Buddhist community.

## Title

A king in the Mataram tradition has a birth name which is characterized by the naming of Abhisheka 'Dyah'. The title is always pinned to the king's children, both male or female.
# Dougie Thomson

Douglas 'Dougie' Campbell Thomson (born 24 March 1951) is a Scottish musician, born in Glasgow and raised in the Rutherglen area of the city. He was the bass guitarist of progressive rock band Supertramp from 1972 to 1988.

## Career

Thomson's musical career began in August 1969, when he joined a local Glaswegian band "The Beings". In September 1971 he joined The Alan Bown Set where he briefly worked with future Supertramp colleague, John Helliwell. In February 1972, Thomson auditioned for Supertramp, and ended up playing several gigs as a temporary stand-in.
In 1973, Thomson permanently joined Supertramp and helped in the business management with Dave Margereson; he also persuaded John Helliwell to join the band.
Thomson played with Supertramp on all of their most famous albums: Crime of the Century, Crisis? What Crisis?, Even in the Quietest Moments..., Breakfast in America, Paris, ...Famous Last Words..., Brother Where You Bound and Free as a Bird.
On the back cover of Breakfast in America was a photograph showing Thomson reading the Glasgow Herald.
Thomson was a member of Supertramp until the band's initial disbandment in 1988; He did not rejoin the band for their subsequent reunions. Dougie Thomson played a Music Man StingRay, a Rickenbacker 4001 and a Fender Jazz Bass during his time with Supertramp.
He has since become a publisher in the music business, creating Trinity Publishing, and worked with a Chicago, Illinois management company.
Thomson has four children, Laura, James, Kyle and Emma. Kyle Thomson played one game of football for Scottish football club Greenock Morton in 2018.
Thomson is the older brother of Ali Thomson.
# KK Čelik

KK Zenica Čelik (a.k.a. Omladinski košarkaški klub Čelik) is a Bosnian basketball team that competes in the Basketball Championship of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Formed in 1946, Zenica Čelik was champion of the Yugoslav second division (1. liga B) three times and played many years in the prestigious Yugoslav First Basketball League. At that time, first Yugoslav League was considered the best basketball league in Europe and the second best in the world, behind the NBA. In 1999, Zenica Čelik merged with Zenica Metalno.

## Trophies and awards

* Bosnian A1 League
** Winners (3): 1994–95, 2005–06, 2008–09, 2013–14

## Notable former players

* Teoman Alibegović
* Dževad Alihodžić
* Kenan Bajramović
* Adis Bećiragić
* Armin Bilić
* Miloš Cvijanović
* Muhamed Granić
* Feđa Jovanović
* Abdurahman Kahrimanović
* Ognjen Kuzmić
* Dino Sekić
* Nebojša Maksimović
* Ivan Opačak
* Emir Preldžić
* Hasan Rizvić
* Zoran Savić

## Notable former coaches

* Emir Mutapčić
* Mensur Bajramović
* Ljubomir Katić (1975–1979)
* Matan Rimac
* Dino Šekić
* Zdenko Grgić
* Ivica Marić
# Buddhist socialism

Buddhist socialism is a political ideology which advocates socialism based on the principles of Buddhism. Both Buddhism and socialism seek to provide an end to suffering by analyzing its conditions and removing its main causes through praxis. Both also seek to provide a transformation of personal consciousness (respectively, spiritual and political) to bring an end to human alienation and selfishness.
People who have been described as Buddhist socialists include Buddhadasa Bhikkhu, B. R. Ambedkar, Han Yong-un, Girō Senoo, Uchiyama Gudō, Inoue Shūten, Norodom Sihanouk, Takagi Kenmyo and Peljidiin Genden.

## Buddhadāsa Bhikkhu

Buddhadāsa Bhikkhu coined the phrase Dhammic socialism. He believed that socialism is a natural state meaning all things exist together in one system:
   Look at the birds: we will see that they eat only as much food as their stomachs can hold. They cannot take more than that; they don't have granaries. Look down at the ants and insects: that is all they can do. Look at the trees: trees imbibe only as much nourishment and water as the trunk can hold, and cannot take in any more than that. Therefore a system in which people cannot encroach on each other's rights or plunder their possessions is in accordance with nature and occurs naturally, and that is how it has become a society continued to be one, until trees became abundant, animals became abundant, and eventually human beings became abundant in the world. The freedom to hoard was tightly controlled by nature in the form of natural socialism.

## Han Yong-un

Korean Buddhist reformer Han Yong-un felt that equality was one of the main principles of Buddhism. In an interview published in 1931, Yong-un spoke of his desire to explore Buddhist Socialism:
   I am recently planning to write about Buddhist socialism. Just like there is Christian socialism as a system of ideas in Christianity, there must be also Buddhist socialism in Buddhism.

## 14th Dalai Lama

Tenzin Gyatso, the Fourteenth Dalai Lama of Tibet has said that:
   Of all the modern economic theories, the economic system of Marxism is founded on moral principles, while capitalism is concerned only with gain and profitability. ... The failure of the regime in the former Soviet Union was, for me, not the failure of Marxism but the failure of totalitarianism. For this reason I still think of myself as half-Marxist, half-Buddhist.
# Karauli state

Karauli State was a princely state in the north eastern edge of modern-day Rajasthan, India from 1348 to 1949 ruled by the Jadaun Rajputs. It is located in the cultural Braj region. Karauli was the capital while Mandrayal or Mandrail was another important town.

## History

The rulers of Karauli State belonged to the Jadaun clan of Rajputs and claimed descent from the Yaduvanshi lineage of the Chandravanshi dynasty. The founder of the dynasty was Raja Vijay Pal who came from Mathura and founded the fort of Bayana in 1040. Vijay Pal also came into conflict with the Ghaznavid tribes during his reign. Raja Timan Pal (r.1093-1159) was an early important ruler of the dynasty, he extended his domain by conquering the territories of modern-day Dang, Alwar, Bharatpur, Dholpur, Gurgaon, Mathura, Agra and Gwalior. Raja Arjun Pal Dev founded the new capital called "Kalyanpuri" which over time got the current name of Karauli in the year 1348. Sultan Mahmud Khilji of the Malwa Sultanate invaded and captured Karauli in the year 1454 which led the kingdom into a decline. The rulers of Karauli shifted to Untagarh and ruled a small territory. During Mughal Emperor Akbar's reign Raja Gopaldas of Karauli got back his ancestral capital of Karauli.

### British era

The state under the rule of HH Maharaja Sir Ganesh Pal Dev along with the neighbouring states of Alwar, Bharatpur, and Dholpur acceded to the Dominion of India on 4 August 1947 to form Matsya Union. while being part of Matsya Union Karauli and others later merged with Greater Rajasthan in 1949 and became part of the current state of Rajasthan in the 1950s.
Maharaja Madan Pal Dev was made a Grand Commander of the Order of the Star of India. The salute of honour, to which the Chiefs of Karauli were entitled, was also enhanced from 15 to 17 in appreciation of the loyal services of Maharaja Madan Pal Dev, who was also decorated with a rich dress of honour.
# Nakato Aminah

Nakato Aminah (born 11 April 2001) is a Ugandan footballer who plays as a defender for She Corporate FC in the FUFA Women Super League.

## Educational background

Nakato Aminah began her education at St. Joseph's Bombo Mixed Primary School in Luweero, completing her Primary Leaving Examinations, PLE in 2013. She attended St. Mary's SS Namaliga for S.1 in 2014 but transferred to Kibuli SS, Kampala, in S.2 (2015). She completed O’Level in 2017 and UACE in 2019. In 2020, she enrolled at Makerere University Business School for a Bachelor's in International Business (BIB), and the diligent defender is set to graduate in January 2025.

## Football journey

Aminah discovered football in 2011 while in Primary Five at St. Joseph's Bombo, joining Lugoloobi Edward's academy after excelling in a local tournament. Initially torn between music and football, she chose the latter, which earned her a bursary at Kibuli SS. By 2017, she played for Luweero Giant Queens before joining She Corporate FC in 2018. She won multiple titles, including the FUFA Women's Super League (2021/2022) and FUFA Women Elite League (2023/24), despite setbacks like relegation in 2022/23.

## Achievements

| YEAR | AWARD |
| 2017 | MVP AT KIBULI SS |
| 2018/2019 | SPORTS PREFECT |
| 2021 /2022 | CHAMPION FWSL |
| 2022 | SILVER MEDALIST CECAFA CHAMPIONSHIP(TANZANIA) |
| 2023/2024 | CHAMPION FWEL |
| 2023/2024 | CHAMPION UGANDA WOMEN CUP |
| July 2023/2024 | MVP OF PLAYERS AT THE CLUB IN THE Month |
| 2023 | SECRETS PLAYER OF KOSA LEAGUE |

## Club career

| YEAR | CLUB |
| 2017-2018 | Luweero Giant Queens |
| 2018 to-date | She Corporate FC |
* ↑ "Aminah Nakato". ugandafootball.com. Retrieved 2024-11-30.
* ↑ "She Corporate rise above the tide to control FWSL title race". Monitor. 2022-04-08. Retrieved 2024-11-30.
* ↑ "Star Profile: Participating in Every School Sport Landed Aminah Nakato into Football that turned a Serious Career | Voice of Bugerere". 2024-11-29. Retrieved 2024-11-30.
* ↑ Marsha, Ahmed (2022-05-20). "She Corporate FC are 2021/22 FUFA Women Super League Champions". FUFA: Federation of Uganda Football Associations. Retrieved 2024-11-30.
* ↑ "FUFA Women Super League: She Corporate crowned". MTN Sports. 2022-05-20. Retrieved 2024-11-30.
* ↑ Muyita, Joel (2022-08-27). "CAF Women's Champions League Qualifiers: She Corporate out to write history". Kawowo Sports. Retrieved 2024-11-30.
* ↑ Muyita, Joel (2022-08-24). "CAF Women's Champions League: She Corporate defy odds to reach final". Kawowo Sports. Retrieved 2024-11-30.
# Kahan

Kahan may refer to:

## Places

* Kahan, Pakistan, a village and tehsil in Balochistan, Pakistan
* Kahan, Iran, a village in Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran
* Kahan-e Pain, a village in Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran
* Kowhan, Tiran and Karvan, also known as Kahān, a village in Isfahan Province, Iran

## People

* Bente Kahan, Norwegian singer and actress
* Noah Kahan, American singer
* Scott I Kahan, American physician
* William Kahan, Canadian mathematician
* Yitzhak Kahan, Israeli judge

## Other uses

* Kahan summation algorithm, a mathematical algorithm attributed to William Kahan
* Kahan Commission, an Israeli investigation into the Sabra and Shatila Massacre in Lebanon
# C. D. Wickramaratne

Chandana Deepal Wickramaratne (born 26 March 1963) is a retired Sri Lankan police officer. He is a former Inspector General of Sri Lankan Police.

## Early years and career

Chandana Wickramaratne was born on 26 March 1963 and received his school education at Ananda College, Colombo. After his graduation from University of Colombo with a degree in physical sciences he joined the Sri Lanka Police service on 16 June 1986, beginning his career as an Intelligence Officer with the rank of ASP.
He has successfully completed a M.Sc (Defence Studies in Management) at General Sir John Kotelawala Defence University, Ratmalana in 2006, and a Post Graduate Diploma in Conflict Resolution and Security Studies from University of Bradford in 2006. He has also completed the 'Problem Driven Iterative Adaptation (PDIA) Course on Building State Capability' at University of Harvard in 2016.

## Appointment to the post of IGP

Wickramaratne served as the Senior Deputy Inspector General of South before his appointment to the post of IGP. On the 26 April 2019, President Maithripala Sirisena ordered the then Inspector General of Police, Pujith Jayasundara, to resign over intelligence failures that led to the fatal Easter bomb attacks. Jayasundara refused to resign and was put on compulsory leave with Wickramaratne appointed as the acting Inspector General. The temporary appointment became a controversy as Jayasundara denied the allegations levelled against him by the President filed a court case against the government regarding the intelligence lapse.
Wickramaratne was a Senior Deputy Inspector General, when he was appointed to the role of acting Inspector-General of Police, when the incumbent, Jayasundara, was suspended following the 2019 Easter bombings. On 13 May 2019, C. D. Wickramaratne was approved to work as acting IGP by the Constitutional Council. He was confirmed in the position on 25 November 2020 and served till his retirement on 25 November 2023.

## Other cases

He also ordered a special investigation to probe statements made by former LTTE cadre Karuna Amman, who claimed to have killed more than 3000 army soldiers at the Elephant Pass during the civil war. He further claimed that Amman was more dangerous than the COVID-19 pandemic.
# United States Postal Service irradiated mail

Irradiated mail is mail that has been deliberately exposed to radiation, typically in an effort to disinfect it. The most notable instance of mail irradiation in the US occurred in response to the 2001 anthrax attacks; the level of radiation chosen to kill anthrax spores was so high that it often changed the physical appearance of the mail.
The United States Postal Service began to irradiate mail in November 2001, in response to the discovery of large-scale contamination at several of its facilities that handled the letters that were sent in the attacks.
A facility in Bridgeport, New Jersey, operated by Sterigenics International, uses a Rhodotron continuous wave electron beam accelerator built by IBA Industrial, to irradiate the mail. A few facilities were planning to use cobalt-60 sources, though it is unclear whether this was ever done.

## Effect on mail

The USPS warned that a number of products could be adversely affected, such as seeds, photographic film, biological samples, food, medicines, and electronic equipment. In the process of irradiation, mail is exposed to extreme heat. Paper is weakened and may appear to have been aged, with discoloration (e.g., yellowing), and brittleness. Pages may break, crumble, or fuse to other pages. Documents bound with glue may have loose pages. The printing on pages may be distorted or offset onto adjacent pages. If tape is affixed to address labels, the address may be illegible.
Irradiation's effects on paper caused some alarm in the philatelic world, which sends large numbers of rare postage stamps and covers through the mail. A number of auction houses stopped sending material through the mail, and Linn's Stamp News in 2002 featured reports on stamps and covers that had been ruined by irradiation.
Although at one time the USPS expected to irradiate all mail, it later scaled back to just treating mail sent to government offices, including all mail directed to the White House, Congress, and the Library of Congress.
# Andrew Heywood

Andrew Heywood is a British author of textbooks on politics and political science.
# Rakshan Readdi

Rakshann Readdi (born 29 September 2000) is an Indian cricketer. He made his Twenty20 debut on 16 January 2021, for Hyderabad in the 2020–21 Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy. He made his List A debut on 26 February 2021, for Hyderabad in the 2020–21 Vijay Hazare Trophy. He made his first-class debut on 17 February 2022, for Hyderabad in the 2021–22 Ranji Trophy.
# Darcie N. McElwee

Darcie N. McElwee (born 1973) is an American lawyer who is the former United States Attorney for the District of Maine.

## Education

McElwee received her Bachelor of Arts from Bowdoin College in 1995 and her Juris Doctor from the University of Maine School of Law in 1998.

## Career

McElwee began her legal career as an assistant district attorney for the Penobscot and Piscataquis counties in Maine from 1998 to 2002. Between 2005 and 2008, McElwee was an adjunct professor of advanced trial advocacy at the University of Maine School of Law. From 2002 to 2021, she served as an Assistant United States Attorney in the United States Attorney's Office for the District of Maine. Since 2005, she has been the coordinator of Project Safe Neighborhoods.

### U.S. attorney for the District of Maine

On August 10, 2021, President Joe Biden nominated McElwee to be the United States attorney for the District of Maine. On September 30, 2021, her nomination was reported out of committee by voice vote. On October 5, 2021, her nomination was confirmed in the United States Senate by voice vote. On October 8, 2021, she was sworn in by Chief U.S. District Judge Jon D. Levy. On February 17, 2025, she was fired by President Trump.
# Daniel Bartholomew-Poyser

Daniel Bartholomew-Poyser is a Canadian orchestral conductor. He is best known for creating and conducting shows designed to introduce orchestral music to groups outside of its traditional audiences, such as by blending classical with contemporary genres and centring on themes targeted to groups who do not typically attend the symphony.
A native of Calgary, Alberta, he attended William Aberhart High School, and studied music at the University of Calgary and the Royal Northern College of Music. He taught music at Calgary's Glenmore Christian Academy for several years before returning to conducting and coming out as gay. He has since served as an associate conductor of the Kitchener-Waterloo Symphony and the Thunder Bay Symphony Orchestra, as artist in residence and community outreach coordinator with Symphony Nova Scotia, and as an education conductor and community ambassador for the Toronto Symphony Orchestra, as well as appearing as a guest conductor with orchestras including the San Francisco Symphony, the Vancouver Symphony Orchestra, the Calgary Philharmonic Orchestra, the Hamilton Philharmonic Orchestra, the Edmonton Symphony Orchestra, the National Arts Centre Orchestra, the Baltimore Symphony Orchestra, the Regina Symphony Orchestra and the Washington National Opera. Most recently, he gave his conducting debut at Lincoln Center with the New York Philharmonic. He conducted one of the orchestra's famous Young People's Concerts.
On the evening of Friday 18 August 2023, he guest conducted the Los Angeles Philharmonic at the Hollywood Bowl in an all-Tchaikovsky concert which concluded with the 1812 Overture and a ferocious fireworks display. Admitting he had never conducted with a fireworks display, he promised just to keep going when the fireworks started, and he did, to great applause and approval.
His shows have included The Long River, a 2018 performance with Symphony Nova Scotia and folk musician J.P. Cormier dedicated to the music of Gordon Lightfoot, and Soul Legends: From Isaac Hayes to Marvin Gaye, a program of soul and rhythm and blues music which he performed with the Nova Scotia Youth Orchestra and the Calgary Philharmonic in 2019.
Disruptor Conductor, a 2019 television documentary film by Sharon Lewis, profiled Bartholomew-Poyser's work on four shows in 2018: a string quartet performance for prisoners at the Grand Valley Institution for Women; a show with the Toronto Symphony Orchestra designed to accommodate the special needs of children with autism; a show with the San Francisco Symphony which connected classical performance with African music by incorporating African drumming performed by Magatte Sow; and "Thorgy and the Thorchestra", a show centred around LGBTQ and drag culture starring drag performer and classical violinist Thorgy Thor. The film was broadcast by CBC Television on September 5, 2019, as an episode of CBC Docs POV.
Since 2021, he has been the host of Centre Stage, a weekend classical music program on the CBC Music radio network.