# Laban notation symbols

Laban Notation Symbols generally refers to the wide range of notation symbols (or signs) developing from the original work of Rudolf Laban and used in many different types of Laban Movement Study such as Labanotation and Laban Movement Analysis for graphically representing human body positions and movements.

## History

see Rudolf Laban.

## Notation staff

The concept of a "staff" is borrowed from music and the musical staff. It provides the basic framework for notating.

## Spatial symbols

Several different methods have developed for notating space.

### Direction symbols

In Labanotation the direction symbols are organized as three levels: high, middle, and low (or deep):
27 Direction Symbols in Labanotation :
| (Hover mouse over symbols to see their names) ||||||||
| High Level | left-forward-high | forward-high | right-forward-high |
| High Level | left-high | place-high | right-high |
| High Level | left-back-high | back-high | right-back-high |
| Middle Level | left-forward-middle | forward-middle | right-forward-middle |
| Middle Level | left-middle | place-middle | right-middle |
| Middle Level | left-back-middle | back-middle | right-back-middle |
| Low Level | left-forward-Low | forward-Low | right-forward-Low |
| Low Level | left-Low | place-Low | right-Low |
| Low Level | left-back-Low | back-Low | right-back-Low |
In Laban Movement Analysis and Space Harmony (Choreutics) the same 27 direction symbols are used but they have a different conceptualization. Instead of envisaging the signs on three parallel horizontal planes (high, middle, and low levels), the direction signs are organized according to the octahedron, cube (hexahedron), and the icosahedron.

### Vector motion symbols

In his early German publication Choreographie, Rudolf Laban used a different group of spatial directional signs which represented orientation of lines of motion (rather than orientations of limb positions).
These signs were translated into modern-day Labanotation signs, and referred to as "vector signs".
General Scheme of Rudolf Laban's Vector Signs :
| (Hover mouse over symbols to see their names) . ||||||||||||
| | | | | 8 Diagonals (regular 45 degree orientations) | 8 Diagonals (regular 45 degree orientations) | 8 Diagonals (regular 45 degree orientations) | 8 Diagonals (regular 45 degree orientations) | 8 Diagonals (regular 45 degree orientations) | 8 Diagonals (regular 45 degree orientations) | 8 Diagonals (regular 45 degree orientations) | 8 Diagonals (regular 45 degree orientations) |
| | | | | up-left-forward | down-right-backward | up-right-forward | down-left-backward | up-left-backward | down-right-forward | up-right-backward | down-left-forward |
| 3 Dimensions | 3 Dimensions | 3 Dimensions | | | | | | | | | |
| Vertical | | | - | | | | | | | | |
| Sagittal | | | - | | | | | | | | |
| Lateral | | | - | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | 24 Inclinations (irregular deflected, tilted orientations) | 24 Inclinations (irregular deflected, tilted orientations) | 24 Inclinations (irregular deflected, tilted orientations) | 24 Inclinations (irregular deflected, tilted orientations) | 24 Inclinations (irregular deflected, tilted orientations) | 24 Inclinations (irregular deflected, tilted orientations) | 24 Inclinations (irregular deflected, tilted orientations) | 24 Inclinations (irregular deflected, tilted orientations) |

## Symbols for relationships

"Relationships"' is used in a broad sense to refer to interactions amongst two or more bodies, for example awareness, focus, nearness, contact, physical weight support. Many fine distinctions have been deciphered. These have some relationship to Proxemics.