# Yuli County

Yuli County as the official Romanized name, also transliterated from Mongolian as Lopnur County (Lop Nur), is a county in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region and is under the administration of the Bayin'gholin Mongol Autonomous Prefecture. It contains an area of 59,399 km$^2$ (22,934 sq mi). According to the 2002 census, it has a population of 100,000.

## Etymology

The etymology was discussed in detail in the article On the Place Name Yuli and Rouran (尉犁地名和柔然源流考) by Li Shuhui (李树辉).
The name Yuli was postulated to have come from Turkic (J)yrægir ("one who is stationed; one who stays"), the name of a Turkic clan, and derived from yræ-(verb form yryk, "to be stationed in") + -gir (adjectival suffix).
Both (J)yrægir and yryk were said to be recorded in the ancient dictionary Dīwān Lughāt al-Turk, although the exact Arabic-script forms are unknown, perhaps اُرَكِرْ Üregir, يُرَكِرْ Yüregir, the 15th clan of the Oghuz.

## History

In 2016, Tuanjie was upgraded from a township to a town.
In 2018, Xingping was upgraded from a township to a town.

## Geography

The county is bordered to the northeast by Toksun County.

## Climate

Climate data for Yuli, elevation 885 m (2,904 ft), (1991–2020 normals) :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −0.8 (30.6) | 6.6 (43.9) | 15.5 (59.9) | 23.9 (75.0) | 28.9 (84.0) | 32.6 (90.7) | 33.9 (93.0) | 32.9 (91.2) | 28.3 (82.9) | 20.6 (69.1) | 10.5 (50.9) | 0.8 (33.4) | 19.5 (67.1) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −8.5 (16.7) | −1.6 (29.1) | 7.5 (45.5) | 16.0 (60.8) | 21.2 (70.2) | 25.2 (77.4) | 26.4 (79.5) | 24.9 (76.8) | 19.4 (66.9) | 10.7 (51.3) | 1.7 (35.1) | −6.4 (20.5) | 11.4 (52.5) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −14.9 (5.2) | −9.1 (15.6) | −0.4 (31.3) | 8.1 (46.6) | 13.4 (56.1) | 18.1 (64.6) | 19.6 (67.3) | 17.9 (64.2) | 12.0 (53.6) | 3.1 (37.6) | −5.0 (23.0) | −12.0 (10.4) | 4.2 (39.6) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 1.2 (0.05) | 0.7 (0.03) | 0.9 (0.04) | 2.6 (0.10) | 6.8 (0.27) | 10.3 (0.41) | 9.4 (0.37) | 7.6 (0.30) | 4.0 (0.16) | 2.0 (0.08) | 1.0 (0.04) | 1.1 (0.04) | 47.6 (1.89) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 1.6 | 0.7 | 0.5 | 1.4 | 2.3 | 3.7 | 4.9 | 3.1 | 1.8 | 1.1 | 0.6 | 1.6 | 23.3 |
| Average snowy days | 4.9 | 1.2 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.1 | 0.6 | 4.8 | 12 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 67 | 51 | 36 | 33 | 34 | 40 | 45 | 48 | 51 | 54 | 58 | 68 | 49 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 191.9 | 204.4 | 240.6 | 259.9 | 301.9 | 304.8 | 306.8 | 297.4 | 282.8 | 269.1 | 216.4 | 176.4 | 3,052.4 |
| Percent possible sunshine | 64 | 67 | 64 | 64 | 67 | 67 | 68 | 71 | 77 | 80 | 75 | 62 | 69 |
| Source: China Meteorological Administration ||||||||||||||
Climate data for Tieganlike Station, Yuli County, elevation 846 m (2,776 ft), (1991–2020 normals) :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −0.4 (31.3) | 7.1 (44.8) | 16.1 (61.0) | 24.6 (76.3) | 30.0 (86.0) | 34.1 (93.4) | 35.7 (96.3) | 34.8 (94.6) | 29.5 (85.1) | 21.2 (70.2) | 10.7 (51.3) | 1.0 (33.8) | 20.4 (68.7) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −8.6 (16.5) | −1.7 (28.9) | 7.6 (45.7) | 16.2 (61.2) | 21.7 (71.1) | 26.2 (79.2) | 27.7 (81.9) | 26.1 (79.0) | 19.8 (67.6) | 10.5 (50.9) | 1.5 (34.7) | −6.7 (19.9) | 11.7 (53.1) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −15.5 (4.1) | −9.4 (15.1) | −0.6 (30.9) | 7.9 (46.2) | 13.1 (55.6) | 18.1 (64.6) | 20.0 (68.0) | 18.2 (64.8) | 11.8 (53.2) | 2.7 (36.9) | −5.2 (22.6) | −12.5 (9.5) | 4.1 (39.3) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 0.5 (0.02) | 0.4 (0.02) | 0.9 (0.04) | 2.5 (0.10) | 4.5 (0.18) | 9.3 (0.37) | 7.3 (0.29) | 5.6 (0.22) | 1.3 (0.05) | 2.4 (0.09) | 0.4 (0.02) | 0.8 (0.03) | 35.9 (1.43) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 0.8 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.8 | 2.0 | 3.1 | 3.6 | 2.2 | 0.9 | 0.6 | 0.3 | 0.9 | 15.8 |
| Average snowy days | 2.8 | 0.5 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.5 | 2.8 | 6.9 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 61 | 47 | 32 | 29 | 30 | 36 | 40 | 41 | 44 | 50 | 55 | 65 | 44 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 191.1 | 197.5 | 228.2 | 241.9 | 277.8 | 276.1 | 281.9 | 289.8 | 275.3 | 265.1 | 216.9 | 177.0 | 2,918.6 |
| Percent possible sunshine | 63 | 65 | 61 | 60 | 62 | 61 | 62 | 69 | 75 | 79 | 74 | 62 | 66 |
| Source: China Meteorological Administration ||||||||||||||

## Administrative divisions

Yuli County includes three towns and five townships:
| Name | Simplified Chinese | Hanyu Pinyin | Uyghur (UEY) | Uyghur Latin (ULY) | Administrative division code | Notes |
| Towns |||||||||
| Yuli Town (Lopnur Town) | 尉犁镇 | Yùlí Zhèn | لوپنۇر بازىرى | lopnur baziri | 652823100 | |
| Tuanjie Town | 团结镇 | Tuánjié Zhèn | ئىتتىپاق بازىرى | Ittipaq baziri | 652823110 | formerly Tuanjie Township (团结乡) |
| Xingping Town | 兴平镇 | Xīngpíng Zhèn | شىڭپىڭ بازىرى | shingping baziri | 652823120 | formerly Xingping Township (兴平乡) |
| Townships |||||||||
| Tarim Township | 塔里木乡 | Tǎlǐmù Xiāng | تارىم يېزىسى | tarim yëzisi | 652823200 | |
| Dongkotan Township | 墩阔坦乡 | Dūnkuòtǎn Xiāng | دۆڭقوتان يېزىسى | döngqotan yëzisi | 652823203 | |
| Karquga Township | 喀尔曲尕乡 | Kā'ěrqūgǎ Xiāng | قارچۇغا يېزىسى | qarchugha yëzisi | 652823204 | |
| Aksopi Township | 阿克苏普乡 (阿克苏甫乡) | Ākèsūpǔ Xiāng (Ākèsūfǔ Xiāng) | ئاقسوپى يېزىسى | Aqsopi yëzisi | 652823205 | |
| Gülbag Township | 古勒巴格乡 | Gǔlèbāgé Xiāng | گۈلباغ يېزىسى | gülbagh yëzisi | 652823206 | |
Others:
* XPCC 31st Regiment Farm (兵团三十一团, 31-تۇەن مەيدانى)
* XPCC 33rd Regiment Farm (兵团三十三团, 33-تۇەن مەيدانى)
* XPCC 34th Regiment Farm (兵团三十四团, 34-تۇەن مەيدانى)

## Economy

As of 1885, there was about 2,960 acres (19,564 mu) of cultivated land in Yuli.

## Demographics

As of 2015, 68,281 (66.20%) of the 103,143 residents of the county were Han Chinese, 33,752 (32.72%) were Uyghur and 1,110 were from other ethnic groups.
As of 1999, 70.54% of the population of Yuli (Lopnur) County was Han Chinese and 28.68% of the population was Uyghur.
As of 1997, several townships had a majority of Uyghur residents including Ka'erquga Township (98.6%), Donghetan Township (98.5%), Akesufu/Akesupu Township (90.1%), Gulebage Township (65.3%), Xingping Township (61.6%) and others.
The proportion of nationalities in Yuli (Lopnur) County, 2018
Nationality
Percentage
Han People
66.9%
Uyghurs
32.0%
Hui People
0.5%
Others
0.6%
Source of the population statistics : :

## Transportation

* China National Highway 218

## Gallery

* Map including Yuli and surrounding region (DMA, 1982)
* Map including Yuli (labeled as WEI-LI) and surrounding region from the International Map of the World (1975)
* Map including eastern Yuli County area (1935)