# Sport in Christchurch

Sport in Christchurch has developed from the time of the initial settlement of Canterbury by British migrants, and remains an important part of community life. Cricket and rugby union have been popular team sports since the early years of settlement, with the first cricket club established in the city in 1851, and the first rugby club in 1863. Interest in organised sports has diversified and now includes a wide range of codes. In 2022, the top five sporting codes in Canterbury based on club membership were netball, touch rugby, rugby union, golf and cricket.
There are around 1,200 sports clubs and associations and in 2022, there were 140,000 affiliated members. Most of the sporting codes remain amateur, and rely upon volunteers as administrators and officials. However, there are some professional teams. Notable teams representing Christchurch or the Canterbury region include the Mainland Tactix (netball), Crusaders (rugby) and the Canterbury Kings (cricket).
The city has hosted many international competitions including championship events. A particularly notable international event held in Christchurch was the 1974 Commonwealth Games.
There are many outdoor sportsgrounds and a variety of indoor venues. Christchurch City Council maintains 110 sportsgrounds across Christchurch City and Banks Peninsula. The sports venues Lancaster Park and Queen Elizabeth II Park were damaged beyond repair in the 2011 Christchurch earthquake, and were demolished. New facilities built to replace those damaged in the earthquake include the Ngā Puna Wai Sports Hub, the Parakiore Recreation and Sport Centre — an aquatic and indoor sports venue scheduled to open in 2025, and a multi–purpose covered stadium Te Kaha seating 30,000 spectators that is expected to be complete by April 2026.

## Organisation and participation

Sport in Christchurch is supported by around 1,200 sports clubs and associations. Almost all of these organisations are run by volunteers, although there are now some professional teams.
Surveys carried out by Sport New Zealand indicate that just over one quarter of adults in Canterbury are members of a sport or recreation club (excluding gym or fitness centre memberships). In 2022, the umbrella organisation Sport Canterbury reported in their annual survey results that there were around 140,000 affiliated members of the sporting codes that responded to the survey. Youth aged 12–18 make up 23% of the membership of Canterbury sports clubs. The top five sporting codes in Canterbury based on club membership in 2022 were netball, touch rugby, rugby union, golf and cricket. Although outside the top ten codes, basketball has shown significant growth since 2011, with participation doubling in ten years.

## History

Organised sport was becoming established in Britain at about the same time that British settlers emigrated to New Zealand. In 1851, the anniversary of the founding of the Canterbury settlement was celebrated with an organised sports day in North Hagley Park.
Team and individual sports that were popular in Britain soon became established in Christchurch. A cricket club was formed in June 1851, and cricket was included in the sports day celebration later that year. The cricket oval in South Hagley Park was established by the 1860s. A cricket umpires' pavilion built in 1864 was moved to the oval in 1866 and is recognised as the oldest cricket pavilion in New Zealand. It is listed as a Category 2 Historic Place by Heritage New Zealand.
A form of rugby football was played as early as the 1850s by pupils of Christ's College. The Christchurch Football Club, an amateur rugby union club, was founded in 1863, and is believed to be the oldest rugby club in New Zealand. The Canterbury Rugby Football Union was formed in 1879. Lancaster Park was opened in 1881, and was a major focus of organised sports in the city for 130 years until the stadium and grounds were damaged beyond repair in the 2011 Christchurch earthquake.
The New Zealand Cup is a race for thoroughbred horses that has been held annually at Riccarton Racecourse since 1867. The race was known as the Canterbury Jockey Club Handicap until 1882. The New Zealand Trotting Cup for standardbred horses has been held annually at Addington Raceway since 1904.
Tennis became an established sport from 1881 when a lawn tennis club was formed with courts in Cramner Square. Tennis courts were built across the city, including in Hagley Park and at Lancaster Park, where a Davis Cup match was held in 1911.
New Zealand’s first inter-provincial association football match was played in Christchurch in 1890. The match was between Canterbury and Otago and was hosted at Lancaster Park, drawing a crowd of 5,000. Later in the year, the first inter-islander match was played, between Canterbury and Wellington with Canterbury winning 2–0. The first local association league was played between the Canterbury Association Football Club, Christ’s College and local rugby teams, with the first game in April 1882.
New Zealand’s first women's inter-provincial association football match was played in Christchurch in 1921. The match was between Canterbury and Wellington, with Canterbury winning 1–0.
From the 1920s, further venues were established for specific sporting codes, including English Park (association football), Rugby Park (rugby), Wilding Park (tennis), Porritt Park (hockey) and Denton Park (track cycling). Public parks became increasingly used as venues for team sports, including children's sport.
Netball in Christchurch began as "women's basketball", a nine–a–side game introduced to New Zealand in 1906, and played on grass. The first representative match was held in Wellington in 1923, between teams from Wellington and Canterbury. Netball courts were established on a site in South Hagley Park that had originally been granted to the Salvation Army in 1921 for tennis courts. A team representing Canterbury took part in the first national tournament held in Dunedin in 1926. Christchurch hosted the 1929 national tournament.
The 1974 British Commonwealth Games were held in Christchurch from 24 January to 2 February 1974, with the main venue at Queen Elizabeth II Park. The games have been described as the "most important single event in Christchurch's sporting history". Dick Tayler's win in the 10,000m race was described in the early 2000s as "the most memorable television moment in New Zealand sports history".
In 2011, several major sports venues were damaged beyond repair in the 2011 Christchurch earthquake, including Lancaster Park and Queen Elizabeth II Park.

## Teams in national competitions

| Sport | Gender | Team/Association | Established | National competition | Home venue |
| Rugby union | Mens | Crusaders | 1996 | Super Rugby | Rugby League Park (known as Apollo Projects Stadium) |
| Rugby union | Mens | Canterbury Rugby Football Union | 1879 | National Provincial Championship | Under construction: Te Kaha (also known as Canterbury Multi-Use Arena) |
| Rugby league | Mens | Canterbury Bulls | 1912 | NZRL National Competition | Rugby League Park |
| Association football | Mens | Cashmere Technical | 2012 | Chatham Cup New Zealand National League | Garrick Memorial Park |
| Association football | Mens | Coastal Spirit | 2007 | Chatham Cup New Zealand National League | Linfield Park |
| Association football | Womens | Canterbury United Pride | 2002 | New Zealand Women's National League | English Park |
| Cricket | Mens | Canterbury Kings | 1877 | Super Smash | Hagley Oval |
| Cricket | Womens | Canterbury Magicians | 1932 | Super Smash | Hagley Oval |
| Netball | Womens | Mainland Tactix | 2007 | ANZ Premiership | Wolfbrook Arena |
| Basketball | Mens | Canterbury Rams | 1982 | National Basketball League | Cowles Stadium |
| Basketball | Womens | Mainland Pouākai | | Tauihi Basketball Aotearoa | Cowles Stadium |
| Field hockey | Mens | Canterbury Cavaliers | | National Hockey League | Ngā Puna Wai Sports Hub |
| Field hockey | Womens | Canterbury Cats | | National Hockey League | Ngā Puna Wai Sports Hub |
| Ice hockey | Mens | Canterbury Red Devils | 2005 | New Zealand Ice Hockey League | Alpine Ice Sports Centre |
| Ice hockey | Womens | Canterbury Inferno | 2014 | New Zealand Women's Ice Hockey League | Alpine Ice Sports Centre |

### Association football

Men's association football clubs that play in a regional qualifying league for the New Zealand National League in the South Island, Women's association football clubs that play in a South Island league.
| League | Clubs | Established | Home venue | Notes |
| Chatham Cup Southern League | Cashmere Technical | 2012 | Garrick Memorial Park | Qualified for 2024 New Zealand National League |
| Chatham Cup Southern League | Christchurch United | 1970 | United Sports Centre | |
| Chatham Cup Southern League | Coastal Spirit | 2007 | Linfield Park | Qualified for 2024 New Zealand National League |
| Chatham Cup Southern League | FC Twenty 11 | 2011 | Avondhead | Relegated from 2024 season |
| Chatham Cup Southern League | Ferrymead Bays | 1972 | Ferrymead Park | |
| Chatham Cup Southern League | Nomads United | 1910 | Tulett Park | |
| Chatham Cup Southern League | University of Canterbury | 1945 | Ilam Fields | |
| Kate Sheppard Cup South Island League | Cashmere Technical | 2012 | Garrick Memorial Park | |
| Kate Sheppard Cup South Island League | Coastal Spirit | 2007 | Linfield Park | |

## International championship events hosted

* 1974 British Commonwealth Games
* 1977 Rugby League World Cup
* 1981 Pacific Conference Games
* 1982 Women's Cricket World Cup
* 1987 Rugby World Cup
* 1989 XVI World Games for the Deaf
* 1992 Cricket World Cup
* 1999 World Netball Championships
* 2000 Women's Cricket World Cup
* 2004 Men's Softball World Championship
* 2008 World Outdoor Bowls Championship
* 2011 IPC Athletics World Championships
* 2015 Cricket World Cup
* 2016 World Outdoor Bowls Championship
* 2022 Women's Cricket World Cup
* 2022–23 SailGP Championship
* 2023–24 SailGP Championship

## Sports venues

Hagley Park has remained an important venue for sport in Christchurch from the time of the sports day held in 1851 to celebrate the anniversary of the founding of the city. The park has been described as the birthplace of many sporting codes in Christchurch.
Several major sports venues were damaged beyond repair in the 2011 Christchurch earthquake, including Lancaster Park and Queen Elizabeth II Park. The Ngā Puna Wai Sports Hub was developed on a greenfield site in a reserve in Aidanfield adjacent to the Canterbury Agricultural Park. The new venue replaced international–quality sports facilities lost during the Christchurch earthquakes, including athletics from Queen Elizabeth II Park, rugby league fields from Lancaster Park (AMI Stadium), hockey from Porritt Park, and tennis courts from Wilding Park. The sports hub was developed by the Christchurch City Council with contributions from sporting organisations and philanthropic trusts. The initial commitment was made in March 2015, with the intention of developing the facility in stages over 10—30 years. The athletics track was the first stage of the complex to be opened, with the first meet held in October 2018.
By 1938, there were 38 grass courts being used for netball at South Hagley Park. These courts served as the main venue for netball in the city for around 100 years until the move in 2023 to a new Netsal Sports Centre at the Ngā Puna Wai Sports Hub. The new venue is owned by the Christchurch Netball Centre and has a floor area of 10,000 m$^2$ (110,000 sq ft) with 10 courts. The venue can also be used for volleyball, futsal, korfball and gymnastics. Most netball games moved from Hagley Park to the new centre as from winter 2024, and the existing netball centre building at South Hagley Park was sold to the city council.
Further new sports facilities were built as part of the reconstruction following the earthquake, including the Parakiore Recreation and Sport Centre that is scheduled to open in 2025 and will be the largest aquatic and indoor sports venue of its kind in New Zealand. The facility includes a 10–lane, 50 m competition pool with seating for 1000 spectators, a competition diving pool, five hydroslides and several indoor courts for codes including netball and basketball. The main court has retractable seating for 2,500. Another major new sports facility is a multi-purpose covered stadium Te Kaha seating 30,000 spectators that is expected to be complete by April 2026.
Most of the sportsgrounds in the city are owned and maintained by Christchurch City Council. As of 2024, the council maintains 110 sportsgrounds across Christchurch City and Banks Peninsula. A Sportsfield Network Plan was adopted by the council in 2024 to upgrade sports fields over the following 10 years. The plan responds to the poor state of many sportsgrounds, with 30% having to be closed during winter 2023 because of wet weather, and more than half of fields assessed as below average or poor quality.

### List of major venues

| Name | Established | Capacity | Sports | Notes |
| Addington Raceway | 1899 | | Harness racing | |
| Alpine Ice Sports Centre | 1985 | | Ice sports | |
| Apollo Projects Stadium | 2011 | 18,600 | Rugby Union, Rugby League, Football | Temporary venue built after Chch earthquake |
| Cowles Stadium | 1961 | 1,000 | Basketball, Netball, Volleyball | |
| Denton Park | 1959 | | Track cycling | Established 1959. Rebuilt for 1974 Commonwealth Games. |
| English Park | 1915 | 3,000 | Association football | Artificial football turf |
| Euromarque Motorsport Park | 1963 | | Motor racing | |
| Hagley Oval | 1866 | 20,000 | Cricket | |
| Hagley Park | 1856 | | Cricket, Rugby union, Touch rugby, Football, American football, Gaelic football | |
| Kerr's Reach | 1913 | | Rowing, canoeing | River course widened 1949-1950 |
| Netsal Sports Centre (Ngā Puna Wai Sports Hub) | 2023 | | Netball, Volleyball, Futsal, Korfball, Gymnastics | |
| Ngā Puna Wai Sports Hub | 2019 | | Athletics, Hockey, Rugby League, Tennis | |
| Parakiore Recreation and Sport Centre | | 1,000 (pool spectators) 2,500 (main indoor court) | Swimming, Diving, Netball, Basketball | Under construction, due for completion in 2025 |
| Riccarton Park Racecourse | 1858 | | Thoroughbred racing | |
| Te Kaha | | 30,000 | Multi-use | Under construction, scheduled to open April 2026. To be known as One New Zealand Stadium for sponsorship reasons. |
| United Sports Centre | 2014 | 1,000 | Association football | Formerly Christchurch Football Centre |
| Wilding Park | 1920s | | Tennis | |
| Wolfbrook Arena | 1998 | 7,200 | Netball, Basketball |

### Golf courses

Christchurch has more than a dozen golf courses within 12 km (7.5 mi) of the city centre, and has hosted the PGA Tour of Australasia/Nationwide Tour co-sanctioned Clearwater Classic/NZ PGA Championship at Clearwater Resort since 2002.

### Former venues

* Lancaster Park (also known as Jade Stadium & AMI Stadium) was Christchurch's premier outdoor sporting ground. It hosted rugby union in the winter months and cricket in the summer months, and was home to the Crusaders Super Rugby and Canterbury Air New Zealand Cup rugby teams. Lancaster Park was also used by the New Zealand national cricket team and occasionally hosted a New Zealand Warriors rugby league match. It had a capacity of around 40,000 people for sporting fixtures, and around 50,000 for concerts. Damaged during the 2011 February earthquake, the facility was subsequently demolished in 2019 returning it to use as community sports fields.
* Queen Elizabeth II Park was built for the 1974 British Commonwealth Games, hosted in Christchurch. It was used primarily as an athletics venue, but also included a swimming pool complex. It hosted major concerts from bands such as AC/DC and the Red Hot Chili Peppers. The facility was demolished due to damage sustained in the February 2011 earthquake.
* Porritt Park was an international–standard hockey venue adjacent to Kerr's Reach on the Avon River. It was severely damaged in the February 2011 earthquake and repairs were uneconomic.
* Between 1949 and 2000, Wigram Airfield was used as a temporary venue for the annual Lady Wigram Trophy motor racing event. The annual race was relocated to Ruapuna Park (now the Euromarque Motorsport Park).