# Monarto Safari Park

Monarto Safari Park, formerly known as Monarto Zoological Park and Monarto Zoo, is a 1,500-hectare (3,700-acre) open-range zoo near Murray Bridge in South Australia. By area, Monarto Safari Park is the largest zoo in Australia. It is located at Monarto, approximately 70 kilometres (43 mi) from Adelaide's centre.
The safari park houses over 500 animals representing more than 50 different species. It is home to a large selection of exotic and native animals, particularly focusing on native African species. In 2023 the park welcomed over 200,000+ visitors. Monarto is administered by the Royal Zoological Society of South Australia, a non-profit organization who also run Adelaide Zoo. Monarto Safari Park is the world's largest safari park outside Africa.

## History

The zoo was created in 1983, on land owned by the state government as a closed-to-the-public, purpose breeding area and endangered species sanctuary. In 1990, a study was undertaken to determine the feasibility of allowing public access to the zoo, and by 1993 it had been developed into a large educational facility, open to the public, with bus and walking tours.
Five major habitat exhibits have been developed, including the Asian steppes, arid north Africa, African plains, and Asian grasslands. The entire zoo is surrounded with vermin-proof fencing to keep the habitat as self-contained as possible. The area is not irrigated, and is populated primarily with native flora to cut down on water consumption and erosion in the semi-arid region. The roads and trails within the zoo are constructed of local materials to keep them low maintenance, and to allow them to be easily re-integrated into the habitat should the need arise. Waste water is recycled, and as much as possible, solar power is used for electric fencing needs.
In late 2019, Monarto Zoo began a three-year project to convert itself into a safari park with luxury resort facilities. As part of the overhaul, it is transitioning its branding to be "Monarto Safari Park" by 2021. Monarto would also become the largest park outside of Africa.
In August 2023, ZoosSA exceeded a fundraising campaign target of 2 million dollars to build a 15-hectare (37-acre) facility at Monarto Safari Park, to originally house Perth Zoo's remaining Asian elephants 'Putra Mas' and 'Permai', after their matriarch 'Tricia' passed away aged 65 in 2022, and an additional female elephant from Auckland Zoo called 'Burma'. In April 2024, a further two Asian elephants were announced to join the new herd from Taronga Zoo, Sydney. Burma arrived from New Zealand to Monarto in November 2024. Both groups of elephants from Perth Zoo and Taronga Zoo are expected to move to Monarto in mid 2025.

### Giraffe breeding programme

As of 2015 Monarto Zoo had achieved one of the most successful giraffe breeding programs in Oceania, and as of 2019 has the most successful giraffe breeding programmes in Australia.

## Animals and conservation efforts
### Endangered species

The zoo is taking part in numerous conservation efforts with endangered species, and has breeding projects for many Australian native species, including bilby, eastern barred bandicoot, Tasmanian devil, warru (black-footed rock-wallaby) and yellow-footed rock-wallaby; as well as many exotic species (and endangered subspecies of some species) including addax, African wild dog, American bison, Barbary sheep, black rhinoceros, Persian fallow deer, Przewalski's horse, scimitar-horned oryx, South African cheetah and southern white rhinoceros.
In 2006, the zoo began a breeding program for Tasmanian devils which are free of facial tumour disease.
Previously widespread throughout the ranges of central Australia, the warru, or black-footed rock-wallaby, is as of July 2019 South Australia's most endangered mammal, primarily due to predation by foxes and feral cats. However Monarto has had some success in breeding the wallabies since the capture of 15 of them in 2007, and has helped to establish a viable population (22) of the wallabies in a 1 square kilometre (0.39 sq mi) fenced area, known as the Pintji, in the Anangu Pitjantjatjara Yankunytjatjara (APY) lands. In June 2017 Monarto announced that 25 of the population bred at Pintji, along with 15 others, had been released into the wild. These will be monitored and feral animal control measures are in place.

### Ethical products

On-site shops and catering facilities at the zoo actively avoid using products containing palm oil. Visitors are encouraged to go palm oil free and provided information on how to go about it.

### Species list
#### Bird species include

* Emu
* Malleefowl
* Mallee emu-wren
* Ostrich
* Plains-wanderer
* Rufous-crowned emu-wren

#### Mammal species include

* Addax
* African lion
* African wild dog
* American bison
* Asian elephant
* Barbary sheep
* Bilby
* Black rhinoceros
* Blackbuck
* Bongo
* Cape porcupine
* Chapman's zebra
* Chimpanzee
* Common eland
* Eastern barred bandicoot
* Giraffe
* Greater stick-nest rat
* Long-nosed potoroo
* Meerkat
* Mitchell's hopping mouse
* Nile Hippopotamus
* Nyala
* Persian fallow deer
* Plains rat
* Plains zebra
* Przewalski's horse
* Red deer
* Red-tailed phascogale
* Ring-tailed lemur
* Scimitar-horned oryx
* South African cheetah
* Southern white rhinoceros
* Spotted hyena
* Tammar wallaby
* Tasmanian devil
* Warru
* Waterbuck
* Woylie
* Yellow-footed rock-wallaby

#### Reptile species include

* Adelaide pygmy blue-tongue lizard
* Aldabra giant tortoise
* Leopard tortoise
* Murray Darling carpet python
* Radiated tortoise
* Shingleback lizard
* Western swamp turtle