# Steuben County, New York

Steuben County (/ˈstjuːbən/ STEW-bən or /stjuːˈbɛn/ stew-BEN) is a county located in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, the population was 93,584. Its county seat is Bath. Its name is in honor of Baron von Steuben, a Prussian general who fought on the American side in the American Revolutionary War, though it is not pronounced the same (German:). The county is part of the Southern Tier region of the state.
Steuben County comprises the Corning, NY Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Elmira-Corning, NY Combined Statistical Area.

## History

Ontario County was established in 1789 to govern lands the state of New York had acquired in the Phelps and Gorham Purchase; at the time it covered the entirety of Western New York. Steuben County, much larger than today, was split off from Ontario County on March 8, 1796. In 1823 a portion of Steuben County was combined with a portion of Ontario County to form Yates County. Steuben County was further reduced in size on April 17, 1854, when a portion was combined with portions of Chemung and Tompkins counties to form Schuyler County.
In its earliest years Steuben County was demographically and geographically linked to the Susquehanna River basin in Pennsylvania, leading to the port of Baltimore. The Canisteo River, navigable as far as Arkport, emptied into the Chemung River and it into the Susquehanna. There were no natural barriers, like the Cohoes Falls on the Mohawk, to impede transportation, and timber and other agricultural products were easily shipped downriver from what are today (2019) the towns of Addison, Canisteo, and Hornellsville. Prior to the opening of the Erie Canal in 1825, followed by the railroads, communication with the Hudson Valley and New York City was difficult. Limited to horses, mules, and donkeys, it was far too expensive to be used to ship bulky agricultural products.
In 1892 a bill was introduced in the Legislature to split Steuben County, with Canisteo, Corning, and "the south towns" becoming Lincoln County. It did not pass.

## Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 1,404 square miles (3,640 km$^2$), of which 1,391 square miles (3,600 km$^2$) is land and 14 square miles (36 km$^2$) (1.0%) is water.
Steuben County is in the southwestern part of New York State, immediately north of the Pennsylvania border. The population of Steuben County according to the 2000 U. S. census was 98,726. The county is in the Southern Tier region of New York State.

### Adjacent counties

* Ontario County - north
* Yates County - northeast
* Schuyler County - east
* Chemung County - east
* Tioga County, Pennsylvania - south
* Potter County, Pennsylvania - southwest
* Allegany County - west
* Livingston County - northwest

## Government and politics

Steuben County is governed by a 17-member legislature headed by a chairman.

### State and federal government

United States presidential election results for Steuben County, New York :
| Year | Republican | Republican | Democratic | Democratic | Third party(ies) | Third party(ies) |
| Year | No. | % | No. | % | No. | % |
| 2024 | 29,777 | 65.34% | 15,413 | 33.82% | 385 | 0.84% |
| 2020 | 29,474 | 63.83% | 15,790 | 34.19% | 915 | 1.98% |
| 2016 | 26,831 | 63.88% | 12,526 | 29.82% | 2,645 | 6.30% |
| 2012 | 21,954 | 56.98% | 15,787 | 40.97% | 790 | 2.05% |
| 2008 | 24,203 | 57.75% | 17,148 | 40.92% | 560 | 1.34% |
| 2004 | 26,980 | 63.81% | 14,523 | 34.35% | 781 | 1.85% |
| 2000 | 24,200 | 59.66% | 14,600 | 35.99% | 1,763 | 4.35% |
| 1996 | 17,710 | 46.40% | 14,481 | 37.94% | 5,980 | 15.67% |
| 1992 | 19,761 | 47.72% | 12,043 | 29.08% | 9,606 | 23.20% |
| 1988 | 25,359 | 65.93% | 12,824 | 33.34% | 283 | 0.74% |
| 1984 | 28,848 | 73.19% | 10,471 | 26.56% | 98 | 0.25% |
| 1980 | 22,418 | 58.73% | 12,826 | 33.60% | 2,926 | 7.67% |
| 1976 | 23,164 | 60.93% | 14,685 | 38.63% | 166 | 0.44% |
| 1972 | 28,708 | 75.05% | 9,462 | 24.74% | 83 | 0.22% |
| 1968 | 24,189 | 62.52% | 12,229 | 31.61% | 2,272 | 5.87% |
| 1964 | 15,988 | 39.34% | 24,634 | 60.61% | 23 | 0.06% |
| 1960 | 29,638 | 68.06% | 13,898 | 31.91% | 13 | 0.03% |
| 1956 | 33,902 | 78.22% | 9,440 | 21.78% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1952 | 32,123 | 74.14% | 11,154 | 25.74% | 49 | 0.11% |
| 1948 | 22,938 | 62.44% | 12,895 | 35.10% | 903 | 2.46% |
| 1944 | 25,538 | 65.36% | 13,461 | 34.45% | 73 | 0.19% |
| 1940 | 27,587 | 65.12% | 14,651 | 34.58% | 127 | 0.30% |
| 1936 | 24,987 | 61.23% | 14,978 | 36.70% | 845 | 2.07% |
| 1932 | 22,986 | 62.19% | 13,219 | 35.77% | 754 | 2.04% |
| 1928 | 28,028 | 69.26% | 10,699 | 26.44% | 1,739 | 4.30% |
| 1924 | 21,481 | 66.79% | 7,194 | 22.37% | 3,485 | 10.84% |
| 1920 | 18,335 | 65.79% | 7,401 | 26.56% | 2,132 | 7.65% |
| 1916 | 10,424 | 53.99% | 8,032 | 41.60% | 852 | 4.41% |
| 1912 | 5,986 | 31.54% | 7,396 | 38.97% | 5,598 | 29.49% |
| 1908 | 12,313 | 56.33% | 8,366 | 38.27% | 1,180 | 5.40% |
| 1904 | 12,680 | 59.66% | 7,364 | 34.65% | 1,209 | 5.69% |
| 1900 | 12,411 | 55.51% | 8,872 | 39.68% | 1,076 | 4.81% |
| 1896 | 12,858 | 59.47% | 7,971 | 36.87% | 793 | 3.67% |
| 1892 | 10,577 | 50.61% | 8,307 | 39.74% | 2,017 | 9.65% |
| 1888 | 11,637 | 53.10% | 9,154 | 41.77% | 1,126 | 5.14% |
| 1884 | 10,048 | 48.78% | 9,060 | 43.98% | 1,491 | 7.24% |
| Office | District | Area of the county | Officeholder | Party | First took office | Residence |
| U.S. Representative | New York's 23rd congressional district | All | Nicholas Langworthy | Republican | 2022 | Corning, Steuben County |
| State Senator | 58th State Senate District | All | Thomas F. O'Mara | Republican | 2011 | Big Flats, Chemung County |
| State Assemblyman | 132nd State Assembly District | All of the county not covered by the 133rd and 148th assembly districts | Philip A. Palmesano | Republican | 2011 | Corning, Steuben County |
| State Assemblyman | 133rd State Assembly District | The north and northwest parts of the county (towns of Dansville, Cohocton, Hornellsville, Prattsburgh, Wayland) | Vacant | Vacant | Vacant | |
| State Assemblyman | 148th State Assembly District | The southwest corner of the county (towns of Greenwood, Jasper, Troupsburg, West Union) | Joseph M. Giglio | Republican | 2005 | Gowanda, Cattaraugus County |
Steuben County is part of:
* The 7th Judicial District of the New York Supreme Court
* The 4th Department of the New York Supreme Court, Appellate Division

## Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 98,726 people, 39,071 households, and 26,216 families residing in the county. The population density was 71 people per square mile (27 people/km$^2$). There were 46,132 housing units at an average density of 33 units per square mile (13/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the county was 96.43% White, 1.36% African American, 0.27% Native American, 0.90% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 0.21% from other races, and 0.81% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.81% of the population. 18.6% were of German, 15.2% English, 14.4% American, 13.6% Irish and 8.3% Italian ancestry according to Census 2000. 96.5% spoke English and 1.3% Spanish as their first language.
There were 39,071 households, out of which 31.80% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.70% were married couples living together, 10.60% had a female householder with no husband present, and 32.90% were non-families. 27.20% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.90% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.49 and the average family size was 3.01.
In the county, the population was spread out, with 26.00% under the age of 18, 7.40% from 18 to 24, 27.20% from 25 to 44, 24.20% from 45 to 64, and 15.20% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females there were 96.00 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 93.20 males.
The median income for a household in the county was $35,479, and the median income for a family was $41,940. Males had a median income of $32,155 versus $24,163 for females. The per capita income for the county was $18,197. About 9.90% of families and 13.20% of the population were below the poverty line, including 18.70% of those under age 18 and 5.80% of those age 65 or over.

### 2020 census

Steuben County racial composition :
| Race | Num. | Perc. |
| White (NH) | 84,338 | 90.12% |
| Black or African American (NH) | 1,416 | 1.51% |
| Native American (NH) | 203 | 0.22% |
| Asian (NH) | 1,616 | 1.72% |
| Pacific Islander (NH) | 12 | 0.01% |
| Other/mixed (NH) | 4,281 | 4.6% |
| Hispanic or Latino | 1,718 | 1.83% |

## Industry

The largest employer in Steuben County is Corning, Inc. (formerly Corning Glass Works), the world headquarters of a large firm (34,000 employed worldwide) which manufactures specialty glass and related products. Related is the nearby Corning Museum of Glass. There is a wine industry in Hammondsport, also the headquarters of the Mercury Corporation, a custom manufacturer, formerly of aircraft and aircraft components. There is a museum of aviation, the Glenn H. Curtiss Museum, in Hammondsport. Former industries in Steuben County are the Steuben Glass Works, in Corning, now part of Corning Glass Works, and the Erie Railroad repair shops, in Hornell.

## Education

There is one institution of post-secondary education in Steuben County: Corning Community College. Alfred University and Elmira College are nearby.
School districts in the county include:
* Addison Central School District
* Alfred-Almond Central School District
* Andover Central School District
* Arkport Central School District
* Avoca Central School District
* Bath Central School District
* Bradford Central School District
* Canaseraga Central School District
* Campbell-Savona Central School District
* Canisteo-Greenwood Central School District
* Corning City School District
* Dansville Central School District
* Elmira City School District
* Hammondsport Central School District
* Hornell City School District
* Jasper-Troupsburg Central School District
* Naples Central School District
* Penn Yan Central School District
* Prattsburgh Central School District
* Wayland-Cohocton Central School District
* Whitesville Central School District

## Transportation
### Major highways

* Interstate 86 (Southern Tier Expressway)
* New York State Route 17 (Southern Tier Expressway)
* Interstate 99
* U.S. Route 15
* Interstate 390
* New York State Route 15
* New York State Route 21
* New York State Route 36
* New York State Route 414
* New York State Route 415
* New York State Route 417

### Airports

Steuben County contains the following public-use airports:
* Corning-Painted Post Airport in the town of Erwin, near Corning and Painted Post
* Hornell Municipal Airport in the city of Hornell

### Public transportation

Local bus service is provided by Hornell Area Transit.

## Communities
### Larger settlements

| # | Location | Population | Type | Area |
| 1 | Corning | 11,183 | City | Southeast |
| 2 | Hornell | 8,563 | City | West |
| 3 | †Bath | 5,786 | Village | Northeast |
| 4 | Gang Mills | 4,185 | CDP | Southeast |
| 5 | Canisteo | 2,270 | Village | West |
| 6 | Wayland | 1,865 | Village | Northwest |
| 7 | Painted Post | 1,809 | Village | Southeast |
| 8 | Addison | 1,763 | Village | Southeast |
| 9 | South Corning | 1,145 | Village | Southeast |
| 10 | Avoca | 946 | Village | Northwest |
| 11 | Arkport | 844 | Village | West |
| 12 | Cohocton | 838 | Village | Northwest |
| 13 | Savona | 827 | Village | Northeast |
| 14 | North Hornell | 778 | Village | West |
| 15 | Campbell | 713 | CDP | Southeast |
| 16 | Hammondsport | 661 | Village | Northeast |
| 17 | ††Prattsburgh | 656 | CDP | Northeast |
| 18 | Coopers Plains | 598 | CDP | Southeast |
| 19 | Riverside | 497 | Village | Southeast |
| 20 | ‡Almond | 466 | Village | West |
† - County seat
†† - Former village
‡ - Not wholly in this county

### Towns

* Addison
* Avoca
* Bath
* Bradford
* Cameron
* Campbell
* Canisteo
* Caton
* Cohocton
* Corning
* Dansville
* Erwin
* Fremont
* Greenwood
* Hartsville
* Hornby
* Hornellsville
* Howard
* Jasper
* Lindley
* Prattsburgh
* Pulteney
* Rathbone
* Thurston
* Troupsburg
* Tuscarora
* Urbana
* Wayland
* Wayne
* West Union
* Wheeler
* Woodhull

### Hamlets

* Adrian
* Canisteo Center
* Gibson
* South Hornell
* South Canisteo

## Notable people

People born in Steuben County:
* Stanley C. Armstrong (1888–1950), politician
* Josiah H. Bonney (1817–1887), politician
* Olive Byrne (1904–1990), domestic partner
* Edward Conner (1829–1900), republican
* Glenn H. Curtiss (1878–1930), aviation pioneer
* Jasper Humphrey (1812–1892), democrat
* Artemas Martin (1835–1918), mathematician
* Selwyn N. Owen (1836–1916), lawyer
* James A. Parsons (c.1868–1945), politician
* Omar L. Rosenkrans (1843–1926), republican
* Eric M. Smith (born 1980), juvenile murderer
* Peter Truax (1828–1909), philanthropist