OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Combat Vehicles Research and Development Establishment

Combat Vehicles Research and Development Establishment (CVRDE) is a laboratory of the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO). Located at Avadi, in Chennai, India. It is the main DRDO lab involved in the development of armoured fighting vehicles, Tanks, Automotive electronics and many other.

## History

After the Independence of India, the Chief Inspectorate of Mechanical Transport Establishment (MTE), which was previously located in Chaklala, Pakistan, was moved to Ahmednagar. It was later renamed as Vehicle Research & Development Establishment (VRDE), Ahmednagar.
In 1965, the Heavy Vehicles Factory under the Ordnance Factory Board was set up at Avadi to manufacture Vijayanta Tanks. A detachment of VRDE was established there to provide R&D support. In March 1976, the VRDE detachment at Avadi was split off from VRDE and re-designated as Combat Vehicles Research & Development Establishment (CVRDE), as an independent DRDO laboratory responsible for Research & Development of Armoured Fighting Vehicles.
During CVRDE's Golden Jubilee in 2024, it was noted by Indian government officials that CVRDE should lend a greater focus on innovation emerging trends in the overall defence industry.

## Areas of Work

CVRDE has been tasked with the design, development and testing of tracked combat vehicles and specialized tracked vehicles. It has also designed certain aircraft subsystems, mainly related to the engine and hydraulics. Like many DRDO labs, it also develops civilian technologies based on spin-offs of the defence related products developed by it. It has recently started developing Unmanned Ground Vehicles of the tracked category.

## Projects and Products

CVRDE is the main research lab responsible for the development of the Arjun MBT, 248 of which have been ordered by the Indian Army. It has also developed the Tank-EX, Bhim Self Propelled Artillery, based on the Arjun Chassis, and the Combat Improved Ajeya, an upgrade of the Indian Army's T-72 Tanks.
Apart from these, CVRDE has also developed other combat and Engineering Vehicles, like Armored Cars, Bridge-layer Tanks, Armoured Recovery Vehicles and a Mortar Carrier based on the BMP-2 chassis.
CVRDE is also working on many technologies related to Armoured Fighting vehicles. CVRDE has a division dedicated to development of Automatic transmissions for Armored Fighting Vehicles. It has developed transmissions of various power ranges viz. 1500, 800, 150 hp. It has developed various subsystems of transmission like torque converter, Fluid coupling and retarder, Steering units, Final drives etc. Muntra, India's first ever unmanned armored vehicle was developed here.
CVRDE has also developed the Zorawar LT light tank which, as of 2024, has completed live-fire trials and is also expected to undertake limited user testing in the same year.
# 1982 NASCAR Winston West Series

The 1982 NASCAR Winston West Series was the 29th season of the series. The title was won by Roy Smith, his third in the series and third in succession.

## Schedule and results

The 1982 season included 13 individual races, although Riverside International Raceway hosted three races. The first and third races at Riverside were in combination with the NASCAR Winston Cup Series.
| Date | Name | Racetrack | Location | Winner |
| May 8 | Winston Mesa Marin 150 | Mesa Marin Raceway | Bakersfield, California | Jim Robinson |
| May 15 | Stockton Winston 150 | Stockton 99 Speedway | Stockton, California | Jim Bown |
| May 29 | Winston Roseville 150 | All American Speedway | Roseville, California | Jim Bown |
| June 13 | Budweiser 400 | Riverside International Raceway | Riverside, California | Tim Richmond |
| July 4 | Winston Portland 150 | Rose City Speedway | Portland, Oregon | Ron Eaton |
| July 10 | Victoria Winston 150 | Western Speedway | Victoria, British Columbia | Jim Reich |
| July 24 | Winston Shasta 150 | Shasta Speedway | Anderson, California | Ron Eaton |
| August 1 | Winston Evergreen 200 | Evergreen Speedway | Monroe, Washington | Ron Eaton |
| August 8 | Sears Point Winston 200 | Sears Points International Raceway | Sonoma, California | Roy Smith |
| August 15 | Colorado Winston 200 | Continental Divide Raceways | Castle Rock, Colorado | Rick McCray |
| August 29 | Warner W. Hodgdon 200 | Riverside International Raceway | Riverside, California | Rick McCray |
| November 21 | Winston Western 500 | Riverside International Raceway | Riverside, California | Tim Richmond |
| November 28 | Coors 250 | Phoenix International Raceway | Avondale, Arizona | Bobby Allison |
# Park, Lewis

Park (Scottish Gaelic: A' Phàirc), also known as South Lochs, is a huge area of land connected to the rest of Lewis only by a narrow neck between Loch Seaforth and Loch Erisort. This had a wall called Gàrradh an Tighearna ("The Laird's Dyke") built across it by the Earl of Seaforth in the early 17th century, the outline of which can still be seen.
Only the north of Park is now inhabited: settlements in the south were cleared by Sir James Matheson in the nineteenth century. A famous deer raid took place here in 1887 as a demonstration by starving people, commemorated by a broch resembling a cairn at the Eishken junction. Much of this area is still used for deer stalking.

## Community buyout

The Pairc Estate extends to 10,845 hectares (26,800 acres) and includes 11 crofting townships with a combined population of nearly 400. In 2011 the Pairc Community Trust received approval from Roseanna Cunningham, the Environment Minister, for a bid to buy the estate under the crofting "Right to Buy" provisions of the Land Reform (Scotland) Act 2003. Pairc Trust chairman Angus McDowall, said: "This is an historic step forward for our community, and sends an unambiguous message to the landlord that the economic and social development of Pairc in the interests of the whole community should be ranked above private financial gain. It is a complete vindication of the persistence which we and the whole community have shown over so many years in trying to exercise our rights under the Act in order to plan a better future for local crofters and residents." In late 2013, an agreement was reached with the laird, Barry Lomas, for the sale of 26,775 acres (10,835 ha) at a price of £500,000. In May 2014 the community voted to proceed with the buyout, with 166 voting for and 77 against. In December 2015, the community trust formally gained possession of the land.
The Pairc Trust now owns and manages the estate from its resource centre at Kershader, South Lochs. Its aims are to develop and enhance local housing, employment, and infrastructure, and to reverse generations of population decline.

## Crofting townships in Park

* Orinsay
* Lemreway
* Gravir
* Garyvard
* Kershader
* Habost
* Caversta
* Marvig
* Calbost
* Eishken
* Shiltenish
* Torastay
* Cromore

## Natural environment

Loch Cromore, which has a slight salt water content, is good for wildfowl, including wintering whooper swans and common seals frequent the inlets. The deserted village of Stiomrabhagh is a short walk from Orinsay. Fine views of the Shiant Islands may be obtained from Lemreway and Orinsay.
# Estádio Vila Capanema

Estádio Durival Britto e Silva, better known as Estádio Vila Capanema (Portuguese for Capanema Borough Stadium), is the main stadium of Paraná Clube in Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil. The other stadium is Estádio Vila Olímpica, currently being used for training. The stadium holds 20,000 people. It is was built under the leadership of Heron Wanderley, club president at that time and named after Colonel Durival Britto e Silva, who was president of the RFFSA, the Brazilian Federal railroad company.

## History

It was built in 1947 as a landmark event for Clube Atlético Ferroviário. Architect Rubens Maister of the Thá construction company designed the stadium, with the project presented by Reinaldo Thá to company superintendent Durival Britto e Silva and club president Heron Wanderley. The first match was played there on January 23 of that year, when Fluminense Football Club from Rio de Janeiro beat Clube Atlético Ferroviário 5–1; the first goal scored by Fluminense's Careca.
Upon its inauguration on January 23, 1947, Vila Capanema became the third-largest stadium in Brazil, surpassed only by Pacaembu in São Paulo and São Januário in Rio de Janeiro. The inaugural match, a friendly between Ferroviário and Fluminense, tested the stadium's lighting system, with Fluminense winning 5-1. Careca of Fluminense scored the first goal.
During many years Estádio Vila Capanema was Curitiba's most modern and comfortable stadium with a capacity of 15,000 spectators. It was used for the 1950 FIFA World Cup games. On June 25, 1950, Spain beat the United States of America and in the 29th day of that month, Paraguay and Sweden drew 2-2.
Clube Atlético Ferroviário ceased operation in 1971 and Vila Capanema became Paraná Clube's home since the foundation of the club in 1989.
In 2006, Estádio Vila Capanema was modernized and Paraná Clube opened the stadium again after four years. The capacity of the stadium was boosted to 20,083 fans. The American rock band Pearl Jam played at the stadium on November 9, 2011, as part of their 20th anniversary tour.
# Larry O'Connor (athlete)

Lawrence Gerrard O'Connor (September 22, 1916 – September 6, 1995) was a Canadian sprinter and hurdler. He placed sixth in the 110 m hurdles at the 1936 Summer Olympics. At the 1938 Empire Games he was a member of the Canadian relay team that won the gold medal in the 4×110 yards event. In the 120 yards hurdles competition he won the bronze medal and in the 220 yards contest he finished fourth.
# Xiaomi Mi 1S

The Xiaomi Mi 1S (codename: mioneplus) is an Android smartphone developed by Xiaomi, which is an improved version of the Xiaomi Mi 1 smartphone. It was introduced in August 2012.

## Design

The screen is made of glass, and the body is made of plastic.
Externally, the smartphone is similar to Xiaomi Mi 1.
At the bottom there is a microUSB connector and a microphone. At the top there is a 3.5 mm audio jack and a smartphone lock button. On the right side there are volume buttons and a camera launch button. The speaker and the second microphone are located on the back panel, which can be removed. Slots for SIM cards and a MicroSD memory card up to 32 GB are located under the body.
The Xiaomi Mi 1S was sold in seven colors: Gray, White, Red, Blue, Green, Purple and Orange. Also, the back panel could be changed to a panel of a different color.

## Technical specifications
### Processor

The smartphone received a Qualcomm MSM8660 Snapdragon S3 processor (2 × 1.7 GHz Scorpion) and a Adreno 220 graphics processor.

### Battery

The battery received a capacity of 1930 mAh. It is also possible to replace it.

### Camera

The smartphone received an 8 MP main camera, f/2.2 with autofocus and the ability to record video with a resolution of 1080p@30fps. The front camera received a resolution of 2 MP and the ability to record video in 720p@30fps.

### Display

The display has a TFT LCD screen, 4.0", 854 × 480, with an aspect ratio of 16:9 and a pixel density of 245 ppi.

### Storage

The smartphone was sold in a 1/4 GB configuration.

### Software

Mi 1S was released on MIUI V2, which was based on 2.3.6 Gingerbread. It was updated to MIUI V5 based on Android 4.1.2 Jelly Bean.
# Juan Pablo Cantero

Juan Pablo Cantero (born September 19, 1982) is an Argentine professional basketball player for Unión de Santa Fe of the Liga Nacional de Básquet (LNB).

## Professional career

In 2007–08, Cantero averaged 11.2 points and 3.2 assists per game with Juventud Sionista of the Argentine League. In 2008–09, he averaged 13.2 points and 4.1 assists per game with the same club.

## National team career

On the heels of his successful 2008–09 season, Cantero was called up to the Argentine national basketball team for the first time at the 2009 Marchand Cup. He also competed with the team at the FIBA Americas Championship 2009, providing depth off the bench in helping the team qualify for the 2010 FIBA World Championship.

## Awards and accomplishments
### Argentine national team

* 2009 FIBA Americas Championship: Bronze
* 2010 South American Championship: Silver
# Mike Inglis (gymnast)

Mike Inglis (born 30 October 1966) is a Canadian gymnast. He competed in seven events at the 1992 Summer Olympics.
# C.B.S. Charleville

C.B.S. Charleville (Christian Brothers School) is a secondary school located in Charleville, County Cork, Ireland.

## Notable alumni

* Éamon de Valera - Politician, statesman, the founder of the Fianna Fáil party. Later elected Taoiseach, followed by two terms as President of Ireland, received his secondary education in Charleville from 1896 to 1898. He said in a statement in 1921 "I regretted every moment even when I was forced to watch my youth fall away".
* Archbishop Daniel Mannix of Melbourne
* Rory Kiely - Cathaoirleach Of Seanad Éireann (2002).
# The Gazette of India

The Gazette of India is a public journal and an authorised legal document of the Government of India. It is published weekly by the Directorate of Printing Department of Publication, a subordinate office of the Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs and printed by the Government of India Press.
As a public journal, The Gazette prints official notices from the government. Publishing information in the Gazette is a legal necessity by which official documents come into force and enter the public domain.
Ordinary gazettes are regularly published weekly on a particular day of the week whereas extraordinary gazettes are published every day depending upon the urgency of the matters to be published.

## Publication

The publication of The Gazette is executed as per the government of India (allocation of business rules) issued from time to time by the cabinet secretariat.
The Department of Publication is headed by the controller of publications with the assistance of two assistant controllers, one financial officer and an assistant director. The Gazette employs more than 270 people under the supervision of the Ministry of Urban Development, headquartered in Nirman Bhawan, New Delhi.
The controller of publication is the authorized publisher, custodian and seller of Government of India Publications and periodicals, including The Gazette of India and Delhi Gazette with its copyright. It undertakes storage, sale and distribution of all saleable publications brought out by various ministries and departments.
The Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs began publishing an electronic version of The Gazette in 2008.
"Gazetted officers" are Indian government servants whose appointments have been notified in The Gazette of India.
# Philodendron pachycaule

Philodendron pachycaule is a species of flowering plant in the family Araceae. It is endemic to Ecuador. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forests. It is threatened by habitat loss.
# Yuriivka, Dnipropetrovsk Oblast

Yuriivka (Ukrainian: Юріївка), formerly known as Yurivka (Ukrainian: Юр'ївка; Russian: Юрьевка), is a rural settlement in Pavlohrad Raion, Dnipropetrovsk Oblast, Ukraine. It hosts the administration of Yuriivka settlement hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. Population: 2,126 (2022 estimate).
Yuriivka is located on the left bank of the Mala Ternivka River, a left tributary of the Samara River, itself a tributary of the Dnieper.

## History

Until 18 July 2020, Yurivka was the administrative center of Yurivka Raion. The raion was abolished in July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Dnipropetrovsk Oblast to seven. The area of Yurivka Raion was merged into Pavlohrad Raion.
Until 26 January 2024, Yurivka was designated urban-type settlement. On this day, a new law entered into force which abolished this status, and Yurivka became a rural settlement.
In September 2024, Yurivka was renamed to Yuriivka as a part of the derussification campaign.

## Economy
### Transportation

Yurivka is on the road connecting Pavlohrad and Lozova. In Pavlograd, it has access to the Highway M04 connecting Dnipro with Pokrovsk.
A railway connecting Pavlohrad and Lozova passes through Yuriivka. However, there is no passenger station in Yuriivka. The closest railway station is in Varvarivka, 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) to the southeast.
# Caprella unica

Caprella unica is a species of skeleton shrimp in the genus Caprella within the family Caprellidae. The larvae are plankton-like. They are relatively small, with two large and two small antennae. They only live in the sea (salt water), and are widely found in Cape Cod, Maine and Newfoundland.
The species was discovered during the Siboga expedition to the northern Pacific. It can be around 5–18 mm long. It lives as a parasite on starfish.

## Taxonomic placement

The species placement has recently been described and updated in 2003. The species' modern affiliation in the genus of Caprella is given in the light of the 2013 revision based on the WoRMS database.
# Donna Anthony

Donna Anthony is a British woman from Somerset who was jailed in 1998 after being convicted of the murder of her two babies. She was cleared and freed after having spent more than six years in prison.
She was one of several women at the centre of high-profile cases where evidence given by the controversial paediatrician Professor Sir Roy Meadow led to convictions of mothers who reported more than one cot death. Martin Ward Platt also gave evidence.
Anthony's daughter died in February 1996, at the age of eleven months. Her four-month-old son died in March 1997. In November 1998, twenty-five-year-old Anthony was convicted of murder and sentenced to life imprisonment, following a trial in which it was suggested that she had smothered her son in order to get sympathy from her estranged husband. She made an unsuccessful appeal against her conviction in 2000.
In January 2003, the conviction of Sally Clark — jailed for life for the murder of her two sons — was quashed. In June that year, Trupti Patel was acquitted of murdering her babies. In December, Angela Cannings was cleared after spending more than a year in prison for the murder of her sons. The prosecution in all four cases had relied on evidence supplied by Sir Roy Meadow, who said that the chances of two babies dying of natural causes within the same family were one in 73 million. Meadow's evidence was later discredited, and he was subsequently struck off by the General Medical Council (though he was reinstated on appeal). Following the overturning of Angela Cannings's conviction, twenty-eight cases, including that of Donna Anthony, were referred to the Criminal Cases Review Commission (CCRC), and Anthony was freed in April 2005.
# Ghansali

Ghansali (Village ID: 42916) is a village located in the Ghansali Tehsil of Tehri Garhwal district in Uttarakhand, India. The village's foundations were laid in 1925 by Hari Nanda Surira, who was a timber merchant. On the western side of the town lies the Bhilangana River, while a dense forest is located on the town's eastern side. According to the 2011 census, it had a total population of 392, living in 82 households. The town's primary agricultural product is paddies.
Every year a fair is organized at Hanuman Temple.
Ghansali is situated 3 km (1.9 mi) from the sub-district headquarters of Ghansali, and 75 km (47 mi) from the district headquarters of the city of New Tehri. Ghansali is also located 59 km (37 mi) from New Tehri, and 127 km (79 mi) from Gaurikund (Kedarnath) via Tilwara. The nearest railway stations that can be used to reach Ghansali are located in Dehradun and Rishikesh, and its nearest airport, located about 130 km (80 mi) away, is Jolly Grant Airport.

## Significance

Ghansali is located along an important route for pilgrimages to the Hindu religious site of Char Dham.
Ghansali is the tehsil headquarters of the Bhilangana block in Uttarakhand State. Ghansali is situated near the banks of Bhilangana River, which is a tributary of Bhagirathi River.
# 1930 Pyu earthquake

The 1930 Pyu earthquake occurred on December 4 at 01:21 local time. The epicenter was located north to Bago, Burma, then part of British India. The magnitude of the earthquake was estimated at M$_w$ 7.3, or M$_s$ 7.3.

## Earthquake

Before the earthquake, a tremor occurred at 16:36 UTC, and was felt in Yangon. The earthquake struck at 18:51 UTC, causing severe damage to Pyu, located about 130 kilometres (81 mi) north of Bago. Many masonry structures in Pyu were destroyed.

## Damage

The area between Nyaunglebin and Toungoo was hardest hit, with 36 deaths reported. Many buildings were destroyed and the local railway was also damaged, with many freight cars and one locomotive derailed and turned over. The intensity of the quake reached Rossi-Forel VIII–IX, corresponding to MM VII–IX, and was felt in Bangkok, Thailand, about 660 km (410 mi) away. It was reported that the water in the Khlong Saen Saeb was agitated violently and overflowed its banks more than once.

## Related earthquakes

This earthquake and the Bago earthquake on May 5, 1930, were both located in the area of the Sagaing Fault. The Sagaing Fault is a right-lateral strike-slip fault that accommodates much of the shear component of the highly oblique relative motion between the India Plate and the Sunda plate. This fault influences segments of the path of the Irrawaddy north of Mandalay. The May 5 earthquake may have triggered the December 4 Pyu earthquake. The distribution of the intensities of the two earthquakes suggests that at least a 50 km (31 mi) section of the Sagaing Fault between the two events of 1930 did not rupture during either of these two earthquakes.
# Party of Culture, Education and Labour

The Party of Culture, Education and Labour (Spanish: Partido de la Cultura, la Educación y el Trabajo; CET), also sometimes simply known as the CET Party (Spanish: Partido CET), is a minor Peronist and labourist political party in Argentina founded in 2013 by teamsters' union leader and former Secretary General of the CGT, Hugo Moyano. The party is closely allied with the Justicialist Party, and presently forms part of the Unión por la Patria, the ruling coalition supporting President Alberto Fernández.
It presently has minimal representation at the federal level, with Hugo Moyano's son, Facundo Moyano, serving in the Argentine Chamber of Deputies since 2011 (and having been a member of CET since its foundation in 2013). Up until 2019, Jorge Taboada, a member of the party, was National Deputy representing Chubut Province.

## Election results
### President

| Election | Candidate | Coalition | Coalition | First round | First round | Second round | Second round | Result |
| Election | Candidate | Coalition | Coalition | Votes | % | Votes | % | Result |
| 2015 | Sergio Massa | | United for a New Alternative | 5,386,977 | 21.39 (3rd) | | | N Defeated |
| 2019 | Alberto Fernández | | Frente de Todos | 12,473,709 | 48.10 (1st) | — | — | Y Elected |

### Chamber of Deputies

| Election | Votes | % | Seats won | Total seats | Position | Presidency | Notes |
| 2015 | 4,115,826 | 17.6 (#3rd) | 2 | 2 / 257 | Minority | Mauricio Macri (PRO—Cambiemos) | within United for a New Alternative |
| 2019 | 11,359,508 | 45.50 (#1st) | 1 | 1 / 257 | Minority | Alberto Fernández (PJ—FDT) | within Frente de Todos |