OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Naadodigal Gopal

Naadodigal Gopal was an Indian character actor who worked over 30 films Tamil cinema.

## Personal life and education

KKP Gopalakrishnan is married to Kavitha and has 2 daughters (twins) Surabhi Gopalakrishnan and Shreya Gopalakrishnan. He done his schooling in Diamond Jubilee Higher Secondary School Gobichettipalayam, Erode. He studied in PSG College of Arts and Science in Coimbatore

## Career

Originally a farmer and businessman made his debut Naadodigal (2009) directed by his friend Samuthirakani and the success of the film meant that he appended the film to his stage name as Nadodigal Gopal . His notable films include Kedi Billa Killadi Ranga (2012), Varuthapadatha Valibar Sangam (2013), Rajinimurugan (2016), Raja Manthiri (2016), Seemaraja (2018) and Namma Veetu Pillai (2019) garnered acclaim. He has often acted in several films with directors Samuthirakani, Ponram and Pandiraj. His last film was Annaatthe (2021) directed by Siva released after his death.

## Death

Gopal died from a heart attack on 5 February 2020. He was 54 years old.

## Filmography
### Films

| Year | Film | Role | Notes |
| 2009 | Naadodigal | Nallammaal's father | |
| 2011 | Poraali | Villager | |
| 2012 | Vettai | Police officer | |
| 2013 | Kedi Billa Killadi Ranga | Mithra's father | |
| 2013 | Varuthapadatha Valibar Sangam | Perumal | |
| 2014 | Nimirndhu Nil | Basavayya | |
| 2015 | Kaaval | Gopalaswamy | |
| 2016 | Rajinimurugan | Thotathree's father | |
| 2016 | Raja Manthiri | Karthi and Suriya's father | |
| 2016 | Kidaari | Pulikutthi's brother | |
| 2017 | Thondan | Sikkal Shanmugasundaram | |
| 2017 | Guru Uchaththula Irukkaru | Village panchayat leader | |
| 2018 | Azhagumagan | Uncle | |
| 2018 | Seema Raja | Selvi's adopted father/uncle | |
| 2019 | Kolanji | Villager | |
| 2019 | Namma Veetu Pillai | Arumpon's paternal uncle | |
| 2019 | Adutha Saattai | Aadhi's father | |
| 2020 | Naadodigal 2 | Gopal | |
| 2021 | Kalathil Santhippom | Anand's father | Posthumous Release |
| 2021 | Annaatthe | Soorakottai villager | Posthumous Release |

### Short films

* Wake Up Call (2016)
# Cutler's Park

Cutler's Park was a temporary town established in the Indian Territory across the Missouri River from Kanesville, Iowa in 1846. It was the first town in the future state of Nebraska.

## History

Established by 2,500 pioneers from the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) as they were making their way westward to the Rocky Mountains, Cutler's Park was briefly the headquarters camp of the church. It was created in August 1846 and covered the area surrounding what is now the intersection of Mormon Bridge Road and Young Street in Omaha, Nebraska.
Cutler's Park proved to be Nebraska's first and briefest planned community. Although it was made up of only tents and wagons arranged in orderly squares, it had a governing council with various committees, an emergency brigade, and even a town square. A monument has been erected to commemorate this historic site. Cutler's Park was named in honor of Alpheus Cutler, who founded the site. Cutler was an early leader in the Latter Day Saint movement, who was later known for being one of the master builders of the Nauvoo Temple and for establishing his own branch of Mormonism known as the Church of Jesus Christ (Cutlerite).
After local Native nations the Omaha and Oto tribes complained the Mormons were in the wrong location, the church pioneers were told to move by the Indian agent who permitted their stay. Cutler's Park was located 3½ miles west-southwest of the original area they were allotted for their encampment. It was completely vacated by December 1846, with every resident moving back to that location located on tableland next to the Missouri River. There, the church established Winter Quarters, which lasted until 1848 when church members continued onto Salt Lake City, Utah.
It was completely vacated by December 1846, eight years before the Nebraska Territory came into existence. Historic the town of Florence, Nebraska Territory was established on the site of Winter Quarters, making use of what had been left when it was abandoned.

## Commemoration

The first historical marker for Cutler's Park was originally installed in 1988. In 1997, a new marker was dedicated by the acting president of the Quorum of the Twelve of the LDS Church.
When that marker was in poor condition in the Pioneer Research Group in Nebraska conducted a reclamation project. Installing a new monument, participating in the locating of the original 1846 Cutler's Park, and redeveloping the monument at Young Street and Mormon Bridge Road in Omaha was completed and rededicated.
# Anderlecht Municipal Hall

The Municipal Hall (French: Hôtel communal; Dutch: Gemeentehuis) of Anderlecht is the municipal hall building and the seat of that municipality of Brussels, Belgium. Designed by the architect Jules Jacques Van Ysendyck [fr] in neo-Flemish Renaissance style and completed in 1879, it is located at 1, place du Conseil/Raadsplein in Cureghem/Kuregem. This site is served by Clemenceau metro station on lines 2 and 6 of the Brussels Metro, as well as the tram stop Conseil/Raad (on line 81).
# Adrien Poliquin

Adrien Poliquin (10 April 1929 – 14 June 2012) was a Canadian wrestler. He competed in the men's freestyle bantamweight at the 1952 Summer Olympics.
# Ward Scarff

Ward Randal Scarff (born 17 February 1957) is an Australian former cricketer.
Scarff was born at Perth in February 1957. Having represented Western Australia at colt level, he later played club cricket in Scotland for Greenock. Strong performances for Greenock led to his selection for Scotland in the 1981 Benson & Hedges Cup, with Scarff making four appearances against Lancashire, Derbyshire, Yorkshire, and Warwickshire. Playing as an opening batsman in the Scottish side, he scored 63 runs in his four matches at an average of 15.75, with a highest score of 28. With his slow left-arm orthodox bowling, he took 2 wickets.
# Longdon L. Miller Covered Bridge

The Longdon L. Miller Covered Bridge is a historic covered bridge in West Finley, Pennsylvania.
It is designated as a historic bridge by the Washington County History & Landmarks Foundation.
# Zinaida Kvachadze

Zinaida Arsenyevna Kvachadze (Russian: Зинаида Арсеньевна Квачадзе; 25 September 1921 in Batumi – 2005 in Tbilisi) was a Soviet and Georgian politician.
She was appointed Minister of Trade in 1957.
# Nikhil Kumar (chess player)

Nikhil Kumar (born 2004) is an American chess international master. His peak rating was 2479. He was also the under 12 World Youth Chess Championship in 2016.
He won the U12 World Youth Chess Championship in 2016, beating grandmaster Rameshbabu Praggnanandhaa.
# Aide et Action International South Asia

Aide et Action International South Asia is a nonprofit organization in India that provides support to local actors for the implementation of their projects on diverse programs related to education, early childhood care, and education, Livelihood Education for excluded youth from poor and marginalized sections, health, environment, social cohesion, the inclusion of the girl child. The Aide et Action Network discloses the use of funds received by its sponsors, donors, and partners, by publishing its financial statements each year, accessible to all on the Internet.

## History

Aide et Action was established in France in 1981 by Pierre-Bernard Le Bas. India was its first country program. In 2007, Aide et Action transformed into Aide et Action International. In 2010, Aide et Action South Asia evolved along with Aide et Action Africa (2010) followed by Aide et Action South East Asia and Latin America-Caribbean (2011). The Aide et Action South Asia operates in India, Sri Lanka, Nepal, and Bhutan with its Head Office located in Chennai and supported by 9 sub-regional offices in Bhopal, Chennai, Delhi, Guwahati, Hyderabad, Jaipur, Patna, Katmandu, and Colombo. Aide et Action South Asia implements 39 projects, along with the support of institutions, government, and individual sponsors. Through its 39 projects, Aide et Action South Asia contributes to the improvement of the access and quality of education for nearly 7,31,000 children and adults. 72 employees and 250 project staff across the South Asia region take part in implementing its educational mission.

## The nine thematic interventions

* Access and Quality Education
* Early Childhood Care & Education(all activities that promote the development of the child from 0–6 years)
* Women's Empowerment & Education
* Inclusive education
* Education for Global Citizenship
* Livelihood education
* Health Education
* Education for Migrating population
* Disaster Response, Mitigation, and Preparedness

## Achievements

The education for Tribal Girls in Odisha, an initiative of Aide et Action, has been selected as one of the best practices by the United Nations Girl Education Initiative in 2014. The project has been selected for the best practices adopted to arrest school drop-outs rates in the area.
Aide et Action played an active role in developing customized social protection products and services for Internal migrants in India.
iLEAD (Initiative for Livelihood Education and Development) is a flagship program of Aide et Action which has provided livelihood education to 1, 33, 487 youth out of which 75% of whom have been placed.
# Chad National Museum

The Chad National Museum (French: Musée National du Tchad) is the national museum of Chad. Since November 2010, the national heritage has been highlighted in modern premises opposite the Palace of January 15, seat of the National Assembly, and next to an identical building housing the National Library.

## History

The museum was established on 6 October 1962 in temporary quarters under the name of Chadian National Museum, Fort-Lamy, reflecting the earlier, colonial name of Chad's capital. In 1964, it moved to the former town hall, near the Place de l'Indépendance.
At the time of the Chadian National Museum's establishment, it had four rooms for palaeontology, prehistory, protohistory, archives, folk arts, crafts and traditions.
Many of its artifacts have were lost and looted during the unrest of the Chadian–Libyan War between 1978 and 1987, with a notable collection of musical instruments among the looted artefacts.
Initiated in 1996 under the aegis of the National Research Support Center (current CNRD), a paleontology room was opened there in 1999 in connection with the prestigious discoveries of fossils made in the Djurab Desert.

## Description

The museum mainly brings together collections relating to popular arts and traditions, archaeology, history, paleontology and Islamic heritage. Many windows are dedicated to the culture of the Sao. A room dedicated to paleoanthropology allows you to observe casts of Tchadanthropus uxoris, d'Abel (Australopithecus bahrelghazali) and Toumaï (Sahelanthropus tchadensis) fossils.
The prehistory room, at least in 1965, included items related to pebble culture, including material from the Angamma cliff (in the Borkou), Paleolithic implements, axes with helve-holes, nether millstones, and quartz and obsidian arrowheads. The museum at one time included a full-sized ochre reproduction of a hunting scene from the first millennium B.C. Its collection also included baked bricks, some attributed to Boulala and Babalia people. These items were discovered at the Bouta-Kabira sanctuary including human masks, bronze objects and bone tools.
# Pomatiopsis lapidaria

Pomatiopsis lapidaria is an amphibious species of snail with gills and an operculum, a gastropod mollusk in the family Pomatiopsidae.
Pomatiopsis lapidaria is the type species of the genus Pomatiopsis.

## Distribution

The distribution of Pomatiopsis lapidaria includes the USA.
The type locality was not recorded.

## Ecology

Pomatiopsis lapidaria is amphibious: it lives in damp or wet habitats on marshy ground and in soil that is periodically flooded.
Dundee (1957) described the life history and the anatomy of Pomatiopsis lapidaria in detail.
# Verbena macdougalii

Verbena macdougalii is a species of verbena known by several common names, including MacDougal verbena, New Mexico vervain, hillside verbena, and spike verbena. It is a perennial herbaceous flowering plant in the verbena family (Verbenaceae). V. macdougalii is the most common tall verbena in New Mexico, where it can be found in mountainous regions across the state. It also occurs in Arizona, Utah, Colorado, and west Texas.
Verbena macdougalii grows at elevations of 5,900 to 9,000 feet in open flats, valleys, and in disturbed areas such as roadsides. It produces three or more tall, thick spikes, each with a ring of small, blue or purple flowers, and can reach about 3 feet in height. Its stems are four-sided and very hairy. It can be distinguished from the similar species Verbena hastata by the fact that V. macdougalii has thicker spikes and that the hair on its stems is spreading.
# NAVi5

The "New Advanced Vehicle with Intelligence 5-speed" (NAVi5, also sometimes written "NAVI5" or "NAVI-5") was an automated manual transmission developed by Isuzu of Japan, and introduced in August 1984. It was initially developed for use in trucks, but was first made available in Isuzu's Aska sedan and subsequently the Gemini and their other Japanese domestic market vehicles. It preceded the likes of Alfa Romeo’s Selespeed and Opel’s Easytronic by more than a decade. It was superseded by the Smoother transmission in newer trucks.

## Models

The NAVi5 was used in the following Isuzu vehicles:
| Model | Years |
| Aska | August 1984-1989 |
| Gemini (2nd generation) | April 1986-? |
| Elf (Light-duty truck) | 1986-? |
| Cubic (Bus) | 1989-? |
Isuzu added the NAVi6, a six-speed version, to the following trucks:
| Model | Years |
| Forward (Medium-duty truck) | ?-? |
| 810 (Heavy-duty truck) | September 1986-? |

## Features

Unlike "traditional" automatic gearboxes with a torque converter and planetary gears, the mechanical aspects of the NAVi5 are identical to those of a conventional five-speed manual transmission with a dry-clutch. The shifting and clutch operations though, are done automatically by two hydraulic actuators connected to an electronic computer (an 8-bit unit with 8 KB ROM and 192 KB RAM).
The early version of the NAVi5 only had an automatic mode with an ability to lock out certain gears, thus operating in a manner similar to a traditional automatic. The later version added a manual mode, enabling the driver to select specific gears. The NAVi5 also came with autocruise and Hill-Start Aid as standard features.
A Japanese television commercial for the Aska heralded NAVi5 as “Not a manual, not a torque converter.”

## Reception

The customer reactions toward the NAVi5 were mixed. Some liked the more “direct” feel and better fuel economy it offered compared to those of typical automatic gearboxes. Others, however, were turned off by what they felt as awkward shifting program and the acceleration gap during shifting. The NAVi5 also required gentle throttle operations when accelerating from standstill since it didn't offer creep function.
It was outsold by the conventional manual and automatic gearboxes in both the Aska and Gemini and subsequently dropped in the next generation Gemini. (Isuzu stopped manufacturing the Aska in-house after the first generation.)
# C. Hardaway Marks

Charles Hardaway Marks (January 31, 1921 – November 13, 2004) was an American attorney and politician.

## Political career

Marks, a Democrat, served as a member of the Virginia House of Delegates from 1962 to 1991 where he represented the people of the City of Hopewell, and the counties of Prince George, Charles City, and at times, Surry. As a member of the General Assembly, Mr. Marks initiated the legislation which provided state recognition for eight Virginia Indian tribes and created the Virginia Indian Commission. He served as the commission's first chairman. He was honored by the Standing Bear Award presented to him for his work on behalf of the Virginia Indian community. He was the founding chairman of the Virginia Alcohol Safety Action Program (VASAP) and he received its Distinguished Service Award in 2000. When he retired from the House of Delegates; he was second in seniority and he chaired the Courts of Justice Committee. He was also a member and past chairman of the Corporations, Insurance and Banking Committee and he served on the Privileges and Elections and the Rules Committees.

## Background

Born in Hopewell, Virginia, Marks graduated from Hopewell High School in 1940 and earned a bachelor's degree from Wake Forest University; he also attended Duke University and University of Virginia Law School. Marks was a founding partner of the Marks & Harrison law firm and was a member of the Virginia State Bar for 50 years. In 1987, he received the Distinguished Service Award from the Virginia Trial Lawyers Association. He was also involved in commercial, retail, and residential real estate development; the creation of several finance companies and two local banks which eventually became part of Wachovia; and farming.
Marks died in Prince George, Virginia after a long illness. Marks was a veteran of World War II and had served as a captain in the United States Marine Corps. He was wounded during the Battle of Iwo Jima, for which he received the Purple Heart. He was a longtime member of Merchant's Hope Church in Prince George.

## Legacy

In 1998 the Charles Hardaway Marks Bridges spanning the Appomattox River between Hopewell and Chesterfield were named in his honor.
# Durham Miners' Hall

Redhills is Grade II listed headquarters building of the Durham Miners' Association (DMA) in Durham, England. Officially called Miners' New Hall, it is known as Redhills from its location on Redhills Lane in the City of Durham.
Redhills was designed by H. T. Gradon in Edwardian Baroque style and opened in 1915 to replace the former Miners' Hall building in North Road. Its debating chamber was known as the "Pitman's Parliament", which was featured in Historic England's 100 Places: Power, Protest & progress list
In March 2020 the National Lottery Heritage Fund awarded a grant for restoration and renovation work, with the aim of restoring Redhills as a centre of culture and education. In October 2021, as part of the grant agreement, Durham Miners Association transferred ownership of the site to the Redhills Charitable Incorporated Organisation.
In 2022, Redhills stated publicly its intention to join a transnational serial nomination bid for UNESCO World Heritage status, coordinated by The Workers Museum in Copenhagen.
As of 2023, restoration and renovation works are underway.
The Redhills Charity, which operates Redhills Durham Miners Hall, is run by Nick Malyan who is the Chief Executive of the charity and was appointed in February 2022.
* Durham Miners' Gala
* Friends of the Durham Miners Gala
* Durham Mining Museum
# Naranjazo (speech)

«Naranjazo» is the fifteen hours and three minutes speech made on 8 and 9 November 2021 by the Chilean socialist deputy Jaime Naranjo during the debate of a second constitutional accusation against the president of Chile Sebastián Piñera, due to his implication in the Pandora Papers . Due to the fact that the opposition would not have the necessary votes for its approval until the expiration of the preventive quarantines of deputies Giorgio Jackson and Jorge Sabag, Naranjo decided to use filibustering techniques until the arrival of both legislators. This was due to a legal loophole in the rules of procedure of the lower chamber that allowed the presenter of the constitutional accusation to speak in the hemicycle with no time limit.
According to Naranjo himself, his intervention was based on the reading of more than 1300 pages with the data of the accusation, extending from 10:24 a.m. on Monday, 8 November until the early morning of Tuesday, 9 November 2021, when the two missing deputies had already arrived. This event takes its name from the "naranjazo" of 1964, which resulted in the unexpected election of Congressman Óscar Naranjo Arias and had repercussions in the presidential election of that year.
# Louis Tuffly Ellis

Louis Tuffly Ellis (January 3, 1927 – January 3, 2022) was an American historian specializing in Texas history.

## Early life and family history

Ellis was born in Houston on January 3, 1927. His parents were Thomas Fordtran Ellis and Louise Cornelia Tuffly Ellis.
While Ellis lived in Houston for most of his youth, he graduated from Kirwin High School in Galveston, Texas.

## Death and legacy

Ellis died in Houston on January 3, 2022, his 95th birthday.
# Jabulani (album)

Jabulani is a studio album by South African jazz trumpeter Hugh Masekela. The record was released on 31 January 2012 (2012-01-31) via Listen 2 label in the USA and via Gallo Record Company label in South Africa. The Zulu word jabulani translates as: to be happy, or to bring joy and happiness. Recorded in Pretoria, South Africa, the album is a collection of re-interpreted traditional South African wedding songs.

## Critical reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| All About Jazz | |
Matt Collar of AllMusic stated: "Inspired by South African wedding traditions remembered from his youth, trumpeter Hugh Masekela's 2012 album Jabulani is a celebratory mix of jazz, pop, and African sounds. Backed by a bevy of talented musicians even including a small choir, Masekela is in top form throughout this celebratory album."
Thomas Carroll of All About Jazz noted: "At the age of 72, South African vocalist and multi-instrumentalist Hugh Masekela is still making music with as much energy and passion as he did in the days of 'Grazin' in the Grass' at the height of his international fame in the 1960s and 1970s. Historically, Masekela has used his music as a form of social and political activism to combat issues like Apartheid. Jabulani strays from this trend of defiance and instead focuses on the joys and drawbacks of marriage, a highly ritualized and ceremonial institution in the South African village where Masekela was born... As a whole, Jabulani provides more of a snapshot of South African culture than a body of instrumental ingenuity. While the musical performance is never less than refined and professional, the message and mood of the album are clearly more important than the instrumental performance."

## Recognition

On 10 February 2013, Jabulani was nominated for Grammy Award for Best World Music Album. Masekela shared the nomination with Amadou & Miriam, Daniel Ho, Anoushka Shankar, and Ravi Shankar (winner).