OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Pachydermata

Pachydermata (meaning 'thick skin', from the Greek παχύς, pachys, 'thick', and δέρμα, derma, 'skin') is an obsolete order of mammals described by Gottlieb Storr, Georges Cuvier, and others, at one time recognized by many systematists. The term pachyderm is commonly used to describe elephants, rhinoceroses, hippopotamuses and tapirs. The grouping was determined to be artificial as a biological classification due to genetic studies.

## Description

Pachydermata is an obsolete order of mammals described by Gottlieb Storr, Georges Cuvier, and others, at one time recognized by many systematists. The grouping is polyphyletic, so the order is no longer in use as a biological classification. Outside strict biological classification, the related term pachyderm is commonly used to describe elephants, rhinoceroses, hippopotamuses and tapirs.
Cuvier himself defined Pachydermata as "animals with hoofs, non ruminants", whereas Storr had described it as "mammals with hoofs with more than two toes". The classification Pachydermata included the three families of mammals he called Proboscidiana, Pachydermata Ordinaria, and Solipedes, which are all herbivorous. The members of the grouping are now divided into the Proboscidea (represented among living species only by three species of elephants), the Perissodactyla (odd-toed ungulates, including horses, tapirs, and rhinoceroses), the Suina (pigs and peccaries), the Hippopotamidae, Hyracoidea (hyraxes) and Sirenians (Manatee and dugong).
The term is important in the history of systematics. Although the former order of Pachydermata is often described as an artificial grouping of unrelated mammals, it was recognised by notable zoologists, including Charles Darwin, as a grade of hoofed mammals to the exception of other ungulates; and anatomical characters support the affinities of "pachyderm" mammals to each other and to other ungulates.

## History

In a series of research papers published in 1796, Georges Cuvier created the classification Pachydermata. Cuvier added horses to the order. One naturalist, Delabere Pritchett Blaine, has speculated that:
   Baron Cuvier, it is probable, was led to arrange the horse genus among the Pachydermata, less on account of the thickness and tenacity of the skin, than on the slight departure from a true monodactylous character, which every member of this family exhibits in having vestiges of two additional toes under the skin.
According to genetic studies, elephants, rhinoceroses, tapirs and hippopotamuses are classified as separate clades altogether. Rhinos, hippos, pigs, peccaries, horses, zebras, donkeys and tapirs are classified in clade Laurasiatheria, while elephants, hyraxes, manatees and dugongs are classified in clade Afrotheria.
# Strain (surname)

Strain is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Christina Strain (born 1981), comic book colorist
* Isaac Strain (1821–1857), American/Canadian explorer
* John Paul Strain (born 1955), American illustrator and artist
* Julie Strain (1962–2021), American actress and model and musician
* Michael G. Strain (born 1958), Commissioner of Agriculture & Forestry in the U.S. state of Louisiana
* Rob Strain, NASA Goddard Center director
* Ted Strain (1917–1999), American basketball player
* Malcolm Wheeler-Nicholson (1890–1968), born Malcolm Strain, American writer
* Dana Plato (1964–1999), born Dana Michelle Strain, American actress
# Mercadera

Mercadera (1245-1300), was a Catalan war heroine of the Aragonese Crusade.
In 1285, France invaded the Crown of Aragon via Catalonia's Roussillon and Empordà, and placed the city of Peralada under siege. Mercadera was a manufacturer of ornaments for clothing such as bands and ribbons. Similar to other citizens, she had a garden outside the city walls which provided an important food supply, but did not dare to tend to it during the siege for fear of sexual assault from the enemy soldiers. Instead, she dressed herself as a man to tend to her garden outside the walls. When doing so, she wounded and took a French knight prisoner before returning to the city, herself wounded, and handed him over to the Aragonese authorities. King Peter III of Aragon had her repeat her tale to him several times and awarded her the armor and weapons of the French knight, which was customary for a warrior capturing an enemy: the incident attracted great attention and she was hailed as a patriotic Catalan heroine of the war.
# Anusha Rizvi

Anusha Rizvi (born 13 March 1978) is an Indian film director and screenwriter. Formerly a journalist, Anusha's directorial debut, Peepli Live, premiered at the Sundance Film Festival 2010 in the World Competition Section. It was the first Indian film to be accepted in the 25 years of the festival's existence. The film also won the Best First Film Award at the Durban film festival and the Gollapudi Srinivas Award.
The film was later nominated as India's official entry to the 83rd Academy awards. She also directed a National Geographic documentary Hijack IC-814 and two BBC documentaries Amul and Khadi. Anusha is currently developing a series for leading Indian platform, Hotstar.

## Career

Anusha Rizvi was a journalist before venturing into film direction. She graduated in history from St. Stephen's College, University of Delhi. She approached Aamir Khan to make the film who finally did support her with "Peepli Live".

## Personal life

Anusha is married to noted writer and film director Mahmood Farooqui.

## Filmography

* Peepli Live – Director and writer
# Elizabeth Ndudi

Elizabeth Ndudi (born 21 March 2005) is an Irish track and field athlete. She won the long jump at the 2023 European Athletics U20 Championships, making her Ireland's first field event medalist at such a championship.

## Career

Ndudi holds the longest Irish jump, followed by Kelly Proper. At the 2024 Gary Wieneke Memorial, in April, she set a national record with a jump of 6.68m. Ndudi won the long jump at the 2023 European Athletics U20 Championships, with a result of 6.56m. She has previously won the Irish National Championships held in Morton Stadium, Dublin in July 2023 and the Irish National Indoor Championships held in the National Indoor Arena, Abbotstown, Dublin in February 2023.

## Personal life

Ndudi was born in Dublin, Ireland to a Nigerian father and a Dutch-Irish mother. She grew up in Dundrum, Dublin until the age of 11, when she moved to Nantes, France. Ndudi has been attending the University of Illinois, USA on a scholarship, since autumn 2023.
# Greg Sherman

Greg Sherman (born March 30, 1970) is an American ice hockey executive who served as the general manager of the Colorado Avalanche of the National Hockey League, a post he had held from June 3, 2009, to September 19, 2014. Sherman stepped into the role following seven years as a special assistant to general manager François Giguère and was later replaced by Joe Sakic.
When Patrick Roy was named head coach of the Avalanche in 2013, he was also named vice president of hockey operations. According to Bob McKenzie of TSN, Sherman was now general manager "in name only." During the 2013–14 season, Roy and executive vice president of hockey operations Sakic split the duties of general manager, though Sakic had the final say in hockey matters. Sherman was largely reduced to an advisory role under Roy and Sakic.
This de facto arrangement was formalized before the 2014–15 season, when Sakic was named general manager and Sherman was demoted to his assistant. Sherman also serves as head of scouting for the Colorado Avalanche.
Greg Sherman is now President and CEO of Thunder Road Inc. Thunder Road Inc. is the parent company of several entities located in the Greater Denver Metro Area of Colorado.
# Har du glömt (album)

Har du glömt is a 1976 studio album from Swedish "dansband" Wizex. It peaked at number 30 on the Swedish Albums Chart. The track "Cowboy Yodel Song" became a minor breakthrough for the group's singer Kikki Danielsson.

## Track listing
### Side 1

| # | Title | Songwriter | Length |
| 1. | "Har du glömt" | Jan Askelind, Conny Modig | 2:40 |
| 2. | "Love Hurts" | Boudleaux Bryant | 3:56 |
| 3. | "Nu vet jag vad kärlek är (If You Love Me (Let Me Know)" | John Rostill, Lasse Green | 2:41 |
| 4. | "En sommardag försvinner" | Lars Hagelin, Tommy Stjernfeldt | 2:35 |
| 5. | "Jag måste gå (Nobody Wins)" | Kris Kristofferson, Kikki Danielsson | 2:42 |
| 6. | "I'm on Fire" | Tony Eyers | 2:50 |

### Side 2

| # | Title | Songwriter | Length |
| 7. | "Cowboy Yodel Song" | Carson Robison | 1:59 |
| 8. | "Kär på lek (Un ange)" | Jean Renard, Stikkan Anderson | 2:33 |
| 9. | "Låt din kärlek flöda (Let Your Love Flow)" | Larry Williams, Åke Strömmer | 2:54 |
| 10. | "Stand by Your Man" | Billy Sherrill, Tammy Wynette | 2:45 |
| 11. | "Åh, Marie" | Lars Hagelin, Tommy Stjernfeldt | 2:08 |
| 12. | "Alla vägar bär till dig (Every Road Leads Back to You)" | Barry Mason, Keith Potger, L. Schulman | 3:16 |

## Charts

| Chart (1976) | Peak position |
| Sweden (Sverigetopplistan) | 30 |
# Feridun Hamdullahpur

Feridun Hamdullahpur CM (born 1953 or 1954) is the chancellor of International Business University. Previously, he was the president and vice-chancellor of the University of Waterloo. Hamdullahpur was named the sixth president of the University of Waterloo in March 2011. Hamdullahpur's term ended on July 1, 2021, when his successor, Vivek Goel, took office.

## Early life

Hamdullahpur was born in Turkey to an Iranian Azerbaijani father and a Turkish mother. He is the youngest of five brothers. His businessman father, Nasri, died of liver disease before Hamdullahpur turned one. His mother, Merziye, raised her five sons in Turkey. He moved from Turkey to Nova Scotia in 1981 where he met his wife, Cathy. Cathy was 21, a fourth-year nursing student at Dalhousie University. They married in Halifax on June 28, 1985, and later traveled to Turkey for a small ceremony with family.

## Education

Hamdullahpur attended the Istanbul Technical University earning his undergraduate degree and his master's in mechanical engineering. He moved to Canada to do a PhD at the Technical University of Nova Scotia, which is now part of Dalhousie University.
Prior to being appointed president, Hamdullahpur was Waterloo's vice president academic and provost, a role which he held for just over a year before being appointed interim president. Prior to this, Hamdullahpur held various roles at Carleton University in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.

## Career

After completing his time as president and vice-chancellor of the University of Waterloo, Hamdullahpur continues to serve on several boards, including as a board director for AMTD Group of which he started a relationship with the overall group since 2015 as an Independent Chairman of the Firmwide Executive Management Committee. He also currently serves as a member of ApplyBoard's Canadian Advisory Board and as a member of the Honorary Treasurer for the Association of Commonwealth Universities.
He was appointed to the Order of Canada in 2022.
# Vijf tegen Vijf

Vijf tegen Vijf (or 5 tegen 5) was a Dutch game show based on the original American format of Family Feud. In the game, two teams consisting of five contestants play against each other and have to answer questions based on surveys taken by random people from the Netherlands. They have to guess which answer was given by most of the people involved in the survey.
It was first aired by the VARA in 1982, and the show was hosted by Willem Ruis. However, the show was canceled in 1986 because of the death of Willem Ruis. The VARA revived the series in March 1992 with Peter-Jan Rens as the host, but the show went to the commercial channel RTL 4 in 1993, because host Peter-Jan Rens also went to that channel. Later, the show was sponsored by the Lotto (which also sponsored Weekend Miljonairs). RTL 4 canceled the program in 1998 because there were problems with the rights for the format.
When the commercial channel Talpa (now Tien) started in 2005, they began airing new episodes of the show. At Talpa, the show was hosted by singer Gordon Heuckeroth from 2005 to 2006, and later in 2006, Winston Gerschtanowitz joined as the co-host. In 2008, RTL 5 began airing reruns of the Talpa episodes.
On June 6, 2009, Talpa/Tien aired a special edition hosted by Carlo Boszhard. In this episode, celebrities tried to win as much money as possible for charity.
In 2021, after being off the air for no more than six years, the show began airing on SBS6 with singer Gordon Heuckeroth returning as host.

## Rules

The rules are mostly the same as the other versions, except for a few minor differences. Unlike most other versions, the teams in the Dutch version don't always consist of five family members, but sometimes the teams consist of friends, colleagues, members of a sports team, etc. After four questions (three questions from 1993 to 1998), with only the last question being worth twice the value, the team in the lead won the championship.
When the show moved to RTL 4 in 1993, a bonus game was added, which was played at the beginning of the program. In it, every contestant had to answer a question. When one got the number one answer, his or her team would get ƒ1000. If they got the number two answer, the team would get ƒ500, and if they got the number 3 answer, the team would get ƒ250.
From 1982 until 1998, the top prize of the show was ƒ5000, which was awarded when a team got over 200 points in the final round. If the team failed to score 200 points, each point earned one Dutch guilder in addition to one guilder per point in the main game. If they had earned additional money in the bonus game, that money would be added to the top prize. After the RTL 4 version ended in 1998, the bonus game was not played anymore.
From 2005 and on, the top prize was €5000, which also was awarded when a team got over 200 points in the final round. On the current revival, naming all five top answers in the final doubles the jackpot to €10,000.
# Terrill Shaw

Terrill Shaw (born February 4, 1976) is a former American football wide receiver who played nine seasons in the Arena Football League (AFL) with the Buffalo Destroyers, Grand Rapids Rampage, Las Vegas Gladiators, Philadelphia Soul, Dallas Desperados and Tampa Bay Storm. Shaw played college football at the University of Southern Mississippi. He was the MVP of ArenaBowl XV. He was also a member of the Kansas City Chiefs, Berlin Thunder and New Orleans Saints.

## Professional career

Shaw spent the 2000 Arena Football League season with the Buffalo Destroyers. He was placed on recallable waivers by the Destroyers on April 9, 2001. Shaw was signed from the Grand Rapids Rampage's practice squad on May 25, 2001. He was the MVP of ArenaBowl XV after accumulating twelve receptions, 172 receiving yards, and five touchdowns in the Rampage's 62-42 victory over the Nashville Kats on August 19, 2001.
Shaw was signed by the Kansas City Chiefs on January 11, 2002. He was allocated to NFL Europe's Berlin Thunder in February 2002. He was released from the Thunder in April 2002 and chose to opt out of his Chiefs contract. Shaw signed with the New Orleans Saints on June 16, 2003. He was released by the Saints on August 25, 2003.
Shaw signed with the Las Vegas Gladiators on October 28, 2003. He was released by the Gladiators on May 18, 2004. Shaw signed with the Philadelphia Soul on May 20, 2004. He played from 2005 to 2006 with the Dallas Desperados. He was signed by the Tampa Bay Storm on October 20, 2006. He was released by the Storm on October 2, 2008.
# Arlington, North Carolina

Arlington was a town in Yadkin County, North Carolina, United States. The population was 795 at the 2000 census.
The town was incorporated on July 23, 1930. It merged into its larger neighbor, Jonesville, after a vote on May 29, 2001. The two towns had a combined population of about 2,250 people.

## Geography

Arlington was located at 36°13′39″N 80°49′55″W﻿ / ﻿36.22750°N 80.83194°W﻿ / 36.22750; -80.83194 (36.227481, -80.831861).
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town had a total area of 0.8 square miles (2.1 km$^2$), all land.

## Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 795 people, 353 households, and 242 families residing in the town. The population density was 945.4 inhabitants per square mile (365.0/km$^2$). There were 376 housing units at an average density of 447.1 per square mile (172.6/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the town was 91.95% White, 6.04% African American, 1.26% from other races, and 0.75% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.39% of the population.
There were 353 households, out of which 31.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 44.8% were married couples living together, 20.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.2% were non-families. 27.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.24 and the average family size was 2.72.
In the town the population was spread out, with 24.4% under the age of 18, 6.4% from 18 to 24, 28.9% from 25 to 44, 26.8% from 45 to 64, and 13.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 83.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 81.0 males.
The median income for a household in the town was $25,789, and the median income for a family was $32,500. Males had a median income of $23,421 versus $22,250 for females. The per capita income for the town was $14,469. About 14.4% of families and 16.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 31.1% of those under age 18 and 15.3% of those age 65 or over.
# Boiled Kilt

Boiled Kilt is a German metal band, which was founded in 1995 in Leipzig. The music group belonged to the most successful rock bands of the German region Saxony. Boiled Kilt accompanied as support Think About Mutation in 1996 on their tour (D, CZ, A, CH and L) and as support too Sepultura in 2001 on their Germany tour. They split off in the year 2003.

## History

On 16 September 1995 lead guitar player Falk, drummer Tobias Hellmann and frontshouter Stefan decided the foundation of Boiled Kilt. At that time Falk and Tobias already played together in the music group Fast Jam. Stefan, a school friend of Falk, complemented they both. About stage contacts Mario "Arnie" Arnold bumped as bass guitar player there. Falks school friend Thomas 'Rudi' Rudolf complemented BK. The first tests took place from summer, 1995 in Leipzig-Grünau in their rehearsal. Very quickly the titles of the debut album Broken Identity were recorded in December 1995.
The first common appearances with Think About Mutation as took place in November and December 1995 in Berlin (Knaack club) and in Dresden (Scheune). From March to May 1996 Boiled Kilt joined in as a Support beside the Swiss music group Swamp Terrorists the complete 'Hellraver'tour from Think About Mutation. In the following time had BK a lot of live appearances.
1997 till 2003 they played near 200 concerts with music groups like Die Krupps, Pro-Pain, Wipeout and in 2001 a complete Tour across Germany as support for [Sepultura]. In 1998 they signed a deal by Syndicate/EMI Publishing, but they got no labeldeal. In 2003 Boiled Kilt split off. Side-projects and following projects named LOOM, The Butlers, Crowd and Sympathy for the devil.

## Discography

* 1996: Broken Identity
* 1998: Boiled Kilt
* 1999: Stay Blind. Session One E.P.
* 2000: Not 4 sale

## Press

* Schmidt, Lars: Boiled Kilt lassenden Bastard im Schottenrock beim "Großen Preis" los. Frustverarbeitung ohne Kompromisse, in: Leipziger Volkszeitung, 4 December 1996.
* Rietschel, Andreas: Boiled Kilt. Die neuen Helden? Auf dem Weg zum Durchbruch, in: das Teil, Vol. 2, Issue 24 (Dec.), Leipzig 1997, pp. 6–9, 36–37.
* Senier, Katja: Lehrwochen einer Leipziger Band: 'Boiled Kilt' tourten durch Österreich, Deutschland und die Schweiz. Mit Schottenrock und Dosenbier in die große Welt, in: Leipziger Volkszeitung, Vol. 104, No. 6, 8 January 1998.
* Rezension from Jörg Augsburg: Boiled Kilt Session One, in: KREUZER, Issue 7, Leipzig 1998, p. 67.
* Rezension from Peter Matzke: Boiled Kilt, in: BLITZ Leipzig, Vol. 9, Issue 7/8, 15 July 1998.
* Zschelletzschky, Henry: Leipziger Bands. Boiled Kilt, in: Zeitpunkt, (Sept.), Leipzig 1998, S. 19.
* Boiled Kilt oder das triebhafte Verlangen, live auf der Bühne zu stehen, in: ((tam))zine, No. 3 (Dez.), Leipzig 1998, p. 18-19.
* Wittpenn, Markus: Painful Silence, Deep Inside, Boiled Kilt und Loom auf Danger-Of-Noize-Tour. Aus der kleinen Tonne in die weite Welt, in: Leipziger Volkszeitung 17 April 2001, p. 18.
# Humes

Humes may refer to:
* Humes, former name of Hume, Fresno County, California
* Humes (surname), people with the surname Humes
* Humes-Jorquenay, France
* Humes High School, in Memphis, Tennessee
* Humes, a fictitious measurement of reality stability in the SCP Foundation
# Chwalęcin, Lower Silesian Voivodeship

Chwalęcin is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Niemcza, within Dzierżoniów County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. It lies approximately 6 km (4 mi) north-east of Niemcza, 24 km (15 mi) east of Dzierżoniów, and 43 km (27 mi) south of the regional capital Wrocław.
# WPRO-FM

WPRO-FM (92.3 MHz "92 PRO-FM") is a commercial contemporary hit radio American radio station in Providence, Rhode Island, United States, owned by Cumulus Media.
The station's studios and offices are located in the Brine Broadcasting Center on Wampanoag Trail on the East Providence–Barrington line. Its transmitter is located on Neuticonacanut Hill in Johnston, Rhode Island. WPRO-FM is unique in the Providence media market in keeping the same call sign since its sign-on in 1948; and the same format, top 40, since 1974.

## History

Cherry & Webb Broadcasting Company, owners of WPRO (AM 630), applied for a construction permit for a new high frequency broadcasting station on 47.5 MHz on October 29, 1940. An amended application was filed January 15, 1941, and was finally granted by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) on June 12, 1947, with its new frequency of 92.3 MHz in the new FM band. WPRO-FM began broadcasting on April 17, 1948. The Cherry & Webb Broadcasting Company, in turn, was owned by the Cherry & Webb Department Store. (In the early days of broadcasting, it was common for department stores to own radio stations, to provide programming for customers who bought receivers.) At first, WPRO-FM simulcast its AM sister station, WPRO. In 1959, Capital Cities Communications acquired both WPRO and WPRO-FM. Through the 1960s and early 1970s, WPRO-FM aired a beautiful music format, while WPRO AM enjoyed high ratings with a top 40 format.

### Switch to Top 40

On April 29, 1974, at 3:00 pm, WPRO-FM changed formats from easy listening, joining its AM counterpart as a top 40 outlet. The influential sound and feel of the station's new format was crafted by WPRO-FM's first program director Gary Berkowitz. The initial on-air staff included up-and-coming radio luminaries including Big John Bina, Tony Bristol, Tom Cuddy, Daniel 'Giovanni' Centofanti (who celebrated 50 years on the air in April 2024), and Jimmy Gray, in addition to future music industry executives and radio broadcasters including Al Gomes, Vic Michaels, and John Leahy. Howard Hoffman, Rocky Allen, and Bruce Diamond would later join the station as its popularity surged.
Over time, the AM moved toward an adult top 40 direction, adding more information and service features, while WPRO-FM continued as a music-intensive top 40 outlet. Capital Cities and ABC merged in 1985, and WPRO-AM-FM were then under the ownership of one of America's biggest broadcasting companies.

### Cap Cities sells WPRO-AM-FM

In December 1992, Capital Cities/ABC announced that the stations would be sold to Tele-Media, with the sale being consummated the following April. This put the station under common ownership with WLKW (the former WEAN) and WWLI. Tele-Media, in turn, sold its stations to Citadel Broadcasting in 1997. Citadel merged with Cumulus Media on September 16, 2011.

## Notable WPRO-FM alumni

* Rocky Allen
* Bruce Diamond
* Don Geronimo
* Al Gomes
* Howard Hoffman