OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Apostolic blessing

The apostolic blessing or papal blessing is a blessing imparted by the pope, either directly or by delegation through others. Bishops are empowered to grant it three times a year and any priest can do so for the dying.
The apostolic blessing is not to be confused with an episcopal blessing, also known as a pontifical blessing, which bishops can impart at any time by their own authority.

## Personal imparting

A particularly solemn form of imparting the apostolic blessing is as an Urbi et Orbi blessing.
The pope gives his blessing in many ways. He may use, with or without the introductory liturgical greeting, Dominus vobiscum, the formula of pontifical blessing that any other bishop may use. This was the formula used by Pope Paul VI (without Dominus vobiscum) when he gave his blessing at his first appearance on the balcony of St. Peter's Basilica following his election at the 1963 conclave, and by Pope Benedict XVI (with "Dominus vobiscum") after announcing on 11 February 2013 his intention to resign the papacy, and (without "Dominus vobiscum") at his farewell audience for the cardinals. At a general audience, when the blessing immediately follows the singing of the Pater Noster, it is naturally given without "Dominus vobiscum".

## Delegated imparting

Within his own diocese, a bishop may impart the apostolic blessing three times a year on solemn feasts. The same holds, within their territories, for non-bishop prelates (such as an apostolic prefect) recognized by canon law as juridically equivalent to diocesan bishops. In exceptional circumstances, they can impart it also on other occasions. The blessing is imparted in place of the normal blessing at the end of Mass, using a particular formula.
A plenary indulgence is granted to those who devoutly receive the papal blessing when imparted by the pope himself in the Urbi et Orbi form or by their own bishop in accordance with this authorization. It is granted also to those who are unable to be present at the rite itself and who instead follow it piously by radio, television, or the internet.
Apostolic Nuncios also are delegated to impart the papal blessing in written form.
The Church's ritual book on the Pastoral Care of the Sick uses the term "Apostolic Pardon" for what elsewhere, for instance in the Enchiridion Indulgentiarum, is called the "Apostolic Blessing with attached plenary indulgence". Priests are urged to impart it to the dying, but if a priest cannot be had, the Church grants a plenary indulgence, to be acquired at the moment of death, to any rightly disposed Christian who in life was accustomed to say some prayers, with the Church itself supplying the four conditions normally required for gaining a plenary indulgence (recent Sacramental Confession, reception of Holy Communion, prayers for the pope's intentions, and detachment from all sin).
# Arnold Vinnius

Arnold Vinnius (4 January 1588 – 1 September 1657) was a Dutch jurist and author.

## Life

Vinnius was born in Monster. He attended the University of Leiden from 1603 where he read law. He gained his degree in 1612. His most important teacher was Gerardus Tuningius, who had been a student of Hugo Donellus. Vinnius aspired to an academic career, and in 1618 began teaching at the University of Leiden. He was initially not considered for promotion to a professorship as he had previously expressed pejorative views on the professors, so it was not until 1633 the position of Extraordinarius Professor Institutionum was created for him. He retained his position as professor until his death in Leiden.

## Teaching

In Vinnius' doctrine the influence of Hugo Donellus is noticeable. Unlike the medieval glossators he presented a systematic and coherent body of Law.
A prolific author, he published: "Iurisprudentiae contractae sive Partitionum iuris civilis libri IIII" (Jurisprudence abridged, or the Partitions of civil law in four books) (The Hague, 1624-1631); a series of short treatises on contracts, jurisdiction, inheritance, and compromise, in 1644 and in 1646 (later united in a single volume and reprinted many times under the title "Tractatus IV de pactis, jurisdictione, collationibus, transactionibus"; Amsterdam, 1651); his extremely popular "Notes" to the Institutes of Justinian (Leiden, 1646); and a volume of selected questions on civil law ("Selectarum iuris quaestionum...", Leiden, 1653). Moreover, he prepared annotated reprints of Petrus Peck’s commentary on Maritime Law and Matthaeus Wesenbeck’s Paratitla, in addition to his 1618 edition of the Institutes of his master, Gerardus Tuningius. Vinnius’ works enjoyed an unprecedented diffusion throughout Europe, with 154 editions. More than one-third of these editions were versions of his best-seller, "In quatuor libros Institutionum imperialium commentarius academicus et forensis". This work was reprinted 54 times from the first 1642 Leiden edition to the 1867 Spanish translation (which is a reprint of the 1846 translation with added notes on Catalan laws, published in Barcelona). Further reproductions of his work are hidden beneath different covers, such as the Institutes by Torres y Velasco (Madrid, 1735) and the Institutes by Juan Sala y Bañuls (printed in 1788, 1795, 1805, 1824, 1830), which were little more than abbreviations of his "Vinnius castigatus" of 1779 under a new title page. The first Spanish edition was printed in 1723 and was corrected according to the 1707 Index of forbidden and expurgated books (Index librorum prohibitorum et expurgandorum). The philosopher David Hume recalled being required to read it while studying Law in Edinburgh.
# Diana Lin

Diana Lin (also called Xiaojie Lin) is a Chinese Australian actress. For her performance in Under the Skin she was nominated for the 1994 AFI Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role in a Television Drama.
Lin began her career in China where from 14 years old she started training for the Chinese Beijing Opera Company as a singer before going to Shanghai and taking up acting with the city's Theatre Academy. She started taking on film roles such as Shang Jie with the Pearl River Film Studio in Guangzhou. She migrated to Australia in the early 1990s, basing herself in Sydney. Her first featured role there was in the fifth episode of 1993's anthology TV series Under The Skin. Soon after she moved away from acting due to the lack of good Asian roles. She made her return to acting in The Family Law. She then went on to land a major role in the 2019 American film The Farewell.

## Filmography
### Film

| Year | English title | Chinese title | Role |
| 1984 | Many Ways to the Life | 人生没有单行道 | Ye Jun |
| 1986 | Country Folk | 乡民 | Bai Yin |
| 1987 | | 幸福不是毛毛雨 | Xu Mingzhu |
| 1988 | Cops and Desperados | 风流警察亡命匪 | Mei Rong |
| 1988 | A Cop and a Sleuth | 警官与侦探 | Yi Qifang |
| 1989 | Women's Story | 女人的故事 | Pregnant Woman |
| 1989 | | 痴梦惊魂 | Wu Xiuying |
| 1989 | Business Circles | 商界 | Liang Yiyun |
| 2017 | Australia Day | | Madam |
| 2018 | Piano Mums | 钢琴虎妈 | Xiaohu Wen |
| 2019 | The Farewell | 别告诉她 | Jian |
| 2020 | Lonely Blue Night | 蓝色的姑娘 | Mother |
| 2023 | The Portable Door | 便携门 | Mrs. Dao |
| 2024 | Big World | 小小的我 | Chen Suqun |

### Television series

| Year | English title | Chinese title | Role | Notes |
| 1991 | | 花落台北 | | |
| 1993 | Under the Skin | | | 1 episode |
| 1996 | Naked: Stories of Men | | Sue | 1 episode |
| 2016-2019 | The Family Law | | Maisy | 11 episodes |
| 2019 | The InBESTigators | | Nana | 1 episode |
| 2023 | The Ordinary Road | 平凡之路 | Mama Zhu | |
| 2023 | The Long Season | 漫长的季节 | Luo Meisu | |
| 2024 | Interior Chinatown | | Lily Wu | |

## Awards and nominations

| Year | Award | Category | Nominated work | Results |
| 1988 | Hundred Flowers Awards | Best Supporting Actress | Women's Story | Nominated |
| 1994 | Australian Film Institute | Best Actress in a Leading Role in a Television Drama | Under the Skin | Nominated |
| 2018 | The Equity Ensemble Awards | Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Comedy Series | The Family Law | Won |
| 2021 | CinEuphoria Awards | Best Ensemble - International Competition | The Farewell | Nominated |
| 2024 | Television Series of China Quality Ceremony | Jury Award - Ingenious Performance Actor of the Year | The Long Season | Won |
# Kottakuppam

Kottakuppam is a second-grade municipality in Viluppuram district in the India of Tamil Nadu, India.

## Adjacent communities

vtePlaces adjacent to Kottakuppam :
Auroville
Bommayarpalayam
Bay of Bengal
Puducherry Airport
Kottakuppam
Bay of Bengal
Lawspet
Muthialpet
Bay of Bengal :
# Lorenzo I. De Leon Guerrero

Lorenzo Iglecias "Larry" De Leon Guerrero (January 25, 1935 – October 6, 2006) was a Northern Mariana Islander politician who served as the third governor of the Northern Mariana Islands from 1990 to 1994 and the first president of the Northern Mariana Islands Senate from 1978 to 1980. He was a member of the CNMI Republican Party.

## Early life

Guerrero was born on January 25, 1935, to his parents Pedro Taitingfong Deleon Guerrero and Carmen Celis Iglecias of Saipan.

## Career

Guerrero first held elective office in 1972 when he took office as a senator in the Northern Mariana Islands' legislature at the time. He served in that body until it was replaced by the Commonwealth Legislature in 1980, at which time he served as the President of the Northern Mariana Islands Senate until 1982. He chaired the Northern Mariana Islands Republican Party from 1983 to 1985. He was elected governor in 1989 and served from 1990 to 1994, when he was succeeded by Froilan Tenorio. Guerrero was the vice president of the Saipan Shipping Company from 1973 to 1976 and worked for the Philippine, Micronesia and the Orient Navigation Company for over a decade. He owned and managed the Commonwealth Maritime Agency in Saipan from 1980 until 1989 when he won the governorship.
In 1997, Guerrero unsuccessfully ran for governor with running mate, Rita Inos, who became the first woman to run for lieutenant governor of the Northern Mariana Islands at the time.

## Personal life

Guerrero died on October 6, 2006, after a long illness. A state funeral was held. Guerrero, the first of the CNMI's elected governors to pass away, was survived by his wife, ten children, and about forty grandchildren and great-grandchildren. The funeral mass were held at the Kristo Rai Church and Nuestra Senora de la Paz Chapel. He was buried at the Mount Carmel Cemetery (Chalan Kanoa Cemetery) in Saipan. Guerrero was married to Matilde Salas Villagomez Deleon Guerrero and had thirteen children, Aida, Joaquin, Margarita, Frances, Gloria, Emiliana, Dolores, Lorenza, Lorenzo Jr., Magdalena, Raymond, Patricia, and Edith.
# Portrait of a Large Dog

Portrait of a Large Dog is an oil painting depicting a dingo (Canis lupus dingo) by George Stubbs. It is part of the collection of the National Maritime Museum in Greenwich, London. The painting and The Kongouro from New Holland were the first Western paintings of Australian mammals and, in fact, the first time most Europeans had ever seen these living creatures.
The oil painting was commissioned by Joseph Banks based on his observations of dingoes on the east coast of Australia in 1770 during Lieutenant James Cook's first voyage of discovery. No specimen was collected for use as a subject, unlike its companion painting The Kongouro from New Holland, and it is seen as a fairly general depiction of a dingo, soon superseded by more accurate depictions in 1789. The two works were the only paintings that Stubbs, highly regarded in the genre, did not draw from a live subject, although it is one of the few oil paintings to present a scientific specimen.
It was first exhibited by the Society of Artists in London in 1773 together with his painting of a kangaroo, The Kongouro from New Holland. The painting had been on view in recent years at Parham House in West Sussex during public openings.
In 2012, Portrait of a Large Dog and The Kongouro from New Holland were purchased together at auction for 9.3 million Australian dollars by an undisclosed buyer. An application to take them to Australia was refused by the Department of Culture on the grounds of their national importance. Sir David Attenborough, who had led a campaign to keep both portraits in Britain remarked that it was "exciting news that these two pictures, so important in the history of zoological discovery, are to remain where they were commissioned and painted". The National Gallery of Australia had expressed a strong desire to purchase the portraits. In November 2013 it was announced that a £1.5million donation from the Eyal Ofer Family Foundation will enable the National Maritime Museum in Greenwich, London to acquire the two paintings.
# Salon of 1799

The Salon of 1799 was French art exhibition held at the Louvre in Paris. Part of the then annual sequence of Salons, it took place during the French Directory a few months before the following Napoleon Bonaparte's Coup established him as dominant ruler. It was held at a time when the government was shifting towards a harder more Jacobin Republicanism due to the external threats against France.
Girodet, a former pupil of Jacques-Louis David, exhibited his Mademoiselle Lange as Venus. However the portrait of the celebrated theatre actress did not please her feel it reflected her beauty and she refused to pay him the full amount. In return he replaced the portrait at the Salon with a second painting, a mocking allegory Mademoiselle Lange as Danae.The Return of Marcus Sextus by Pierre-Narcisse Guérin featured a neoclassical scene from thje era of the Roman Republic. Guillaume Guillon-Lethière exhibited his The Fatherland in Danger, showing volunteers enlisting for military service, which was a popular success.
In portraiture François Gérard, another protégé of David, drew praise for his depiction of Laure Regnaud de Saint-Jean d'Angély. It was followed by the Salon of 1800, the first to be held under the dictatorship of Napoleon.

## Gallery

* Mademoiselle Lange as Venus by Girodet
* Mademoiselle Lange as Danae by Girodet
* The Return of Marcus Sextus by Pierre-Narcisse Guérin
* The Fatherland in Danger by Guillaume Guillon-Lethière
* Adèle Papin Playing the Harp by Guillaume Guillon-Lethière
* Portrait of a Girl with Portfolio by Guillaume Guillon-Lethière
* A Young Woman Leaning on the Edge of a Window by Marie-Victoire Lemoine
* Portrait of Laure de Bonneuil by François Gérard
* Portrait of Dublin-Tornelle by Adélaïde Labille-Guiard
# Shillingbury Tales

Shillingbury Tales is a British television comedy-drama series made by ATV for ITV and broadcast 1980–81.
Comprising a single feature-length pilot, 'The Shillingbury Blowers ', starring Trevor Howard, and six one-hour episodes, the series deals with life in an idealised English village and stars Robin Nedwell, Diane Keen, Nigel Lambert, Jack Douglas, John Le Mesurier, and Bernard Cribbins.
Unusually for a British situation-comedy at that time it was recorded entirely on location on 16 mm film, and consequently there was no laughter track. Much of the filming took place in the village of Aldbury, Hertfordshire.
The show ended when ATV lost its franchise licence to broadcast, and its replacement Central declined to continue production of the series. The series was broadcast in a number of countries around Europe.

## Episodes
### Pilot / prequel

* The Shillingbury Blowers (6 January 1980) is a feature-length film (79 minutes – 90 mins with adverts) starring Robin Nedwell as writer and musician Peter Higgins and Diane Keen as his wife.
Newly-weds Peter, (Nedwell), and his wife Sally, (Keen), have moved into Rose Cottage, an idyllic half-timbered cottage in the small English village of Shillingbury, close to the village church and the pub, the Oddfellows' Arms. The local brass band, the Shillingbury Blowers, is struggling to survive. A meeting of the village council, headed by John Le Mesurier, looks at the financial position of the band and debates the poor quality of the playing. Peter is brought in to replace the ageing conductor. Peter tells the band they are awful and they walk out.
A second meeting of the village council with two band members results in a work-to-rule, where the band decide to remove all individuality. Ironically this solves the problem and the band get their first clap. When they reconvene in the pub, they resolve to play with further restrictions. When they then decide to play staccato it unintentionally works very well. When the now very unconfident old bandleader, Saltie (Trevor Howard), is persuaded to return, he plays lead trumpet very melodically, which works in counterpoint works very well.
Peter helps Jake (Jack Douglas), the lead cornet, deliver a calf on his farm and a new bond of trust is formed. This night-time ordeal causes Jake to oversleep and he misses the bus taking the band to a competition. He catches up in time and convinces the band to cease their work to rule and return to their original style of playing, which whilst disastrous musically, results in a very much happier band of men.

### Series 1

* "The Shillingbury Tinker" (17 May 1981)
* "The Shillingbury Melon" (24 May 1981)
* "The Shillingbury Cloudburst" (31 May 1981)
* "The Shillingbury Legend" (7 June 1981)
* "The Shillingbury Miracle" (14 June 1981)
* "The Shillingbury Daydream" (21 June 1981)

## Cuffy

In 1983, a spin-off sequel series entitled Cuffy was made and broadcast by ATV's successor Central. The show this time was about Bernard Cribbins's eponymous character but did not feature Robin Nedwell or Diane Keen.

## DVD release

The show was released on DVD by Network in 2005.
# Lagameshwar

Lagameshwar is a village in the Belagavi district in the India state of Karnataka, India.
# Chełmsko Śląskie

Chełmsko Śląskie is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Lubawka, within Kamienna Góra County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland, near the border with the Czech Republic. It lies approximately 7 km (4 mi) south-east of Lubawka, 17 km (11 mi) south of Kamienna Góra, and 86 km (53 mi) south-west of the regional capital Wrocław.
It is a former town. It was first mentioned in 1207 and was granted town rights as late as 1289, when it was part of medieval Poland. It remained a town until 1945. During World War II the Germans established and operated a branch of the Gross-Rosen concentration camp in the town. Chełmsko Śląskie contains numerous historic buildings and structures, the oldest dating back to the Middle Ages.
* Baroque Holy Family church
* Market Square (Rynek) with historic townhouses
* Old weavers houses from 1707, called the Twelve Apostles
* Gothic sculpture of Hedwig of Silesia, High Duchess consort of Poland and patron saint of Silesia, at the Market Square
# Lee Woodard and Sons Building

The Lee Woodard and Sons Building is a former factory building located at 306 South Elm Street in Owosso, Michigan, USA. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980. It is now Woodard Station Lofts.

## History

By 1900, Lyman Woodard's Furniture and Casket Company had grown large enough to warrant constructing an additional building. Woodard built a large four story brick factory building directly adjacent to his existing plant and began equipping it. Unfortunately, demand for finished wood products began to decline. In 1904, Lyman Woodard died, causing a crisis at the firm. His son, Lee, stepped in to restore the company's health. When woodworking products failed to revive the company, Woodard turned to metal furniture and converted the factory's equipment. By the mid-1920s, Woodard was again prominent in the furniture-making business and began constructing an addition to the factory.
The Great Depression took its toll and, by 1942, the Woodard Furniture Company had liquidated its assets. In 1942, Lee Woodard converted the factory to make components for the war effort. After the war, he resumed furniture production, concentrating on metal furniture. Production continued for the next few decades and, in 1995, the company moved its factory and offices into a new building. Later, the original 1900 building was converted into loft housing, containing commercial space and residential lofts.

## Description

The Lee Woodard and Sons Building is a large four-story brick factory. The building has tripled sets of four-over-four double hung sash windows in bowed arch brick openings. The only details on the exterior are brick pilasters at two bay intervals and a simple dentilated brick corniceline. A c. 1925 addition is ten bays wide and has the same basic window pattern, but with windows in trabeated brick openings.
# Dodonaea falcata

Dodonaea falcata is a species of plant in the family Sapindaceae and is endemic to eastern Australia. It is an erect shrub with simple, more or less linear leaves, flowers arranged in cymes of three or four, each flower with eight stamens, and 4-winged capsules.

## Description

Dodonaea falcata is an erect shrub that typically grows to a height of up to 2 m (6 ft 7 in). Its leaves are simple, sessile, more or less linear and curved, 25–50 mm (0.98–1.97 in) long and about 1 mm (0.039 in) wide. The flowers are borne in three- or four-flowered cymes, with egg-shaped sepals, 1.5–2.5 mm (0.059–0.098 in) long and eight stamens, the ovary with a few soft hairs. The fruit is a four-winged, capsule 9.5–12 mm (0.37–0.47 in) long and 11–14 mm (0.43–0.55 in) wide, the wings membranous, 2.5–4 mm (0.098–0.157 in) wide.

## Taxonomy and naming

Dodonaea falcata was first formally described in 1984 by Judith Gay West in the journal Brunonia from specimens collected by Ian Telford in 1969. The specific epithet (falcata) means 'curved like a sickle'.

## Distribution and habitat

Dodonaea falcata grows in forest on granite or sandstone hills between the Stanthorpe-Wallangarra area of south-eastern Queensland and the New England Tableland and between Newcastle and Kiama in New South Wales.

## Conservation status

Dodonaea falcata is listed as of "least concern" under the Queensland Government Nature Conservation Act 1992.
# Chociwel, Lower Silesian Voivodeship

Chociwel is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Strzelin, within Strzelin County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. It lies approximately 3 km (2 mi) north-east of Strzelin, and 37 km (23 mi) south of the regional capital Wrocław.
# Cookes Range

The Cookes Range (Cooke's Range, Cooks Range or Cook's Range) is a small, 17-mi (27 km) long mountain range in northern Luna County, New Mexico, which extends slightly north into southeastern Grant County. The range is a southern continuation of the Mimbres Mountains, itself the southeast portion of the extensive north–south running Black Range. The Cookes Range is surrounded by lower elevation areas of the northwest Chihuahuan Desert.

## Description

Cookes Range is about 17 mi long, and about 8 mi at its widest. The range is a basin and range north-south trending uplift with a center-north section intruded by granodiorite which forms Cookes Peak, 8,408 feet (2,563 m). Cookes Peak is at the head of OK Canyon, which exits the range eastwards. South of OK Canyon is a transverse ridgeline, across the range west to east, named Rattlesnake Ridge. One other larger peak occurs in the mountains and hills in the southern part of the range, Massacre Peak, at 5,667 feet (1,727 m). Other outlying lower elevation hills occur, east and west, in the north section, as the Cookes Range merges into the lower elevations of the Mimbres Mountains section of the Black Range.

## History

The range was named after its prominent peak, which in turn was named after Captain Philip St. George Cooke of the Mormon Battalion. Cookes Spring was a station on the Butterfield Trail.
Fort Cummings (1863–1873, 1880–1886), located in the southeastern foothills of the range near Cookes Spring was established to restrict Mimbreño Apache raiding.
Silver was discovered in the range north of Cooks Peak in 1876, and the Cooks Peak Mining District was established in 1880. Silver, lead, and zinc were mined there until 1967.

## Environment and ecology

The higher elevations of the range are pinon-juniper shrublands habitat which gives way to Chihuahuan desert in the foothills. The Cookes Range Wilderness Study Area is located in the range.