OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ernesto Medina

Ernesto A. Medina is an ecologist specializing in plant physiology when adapting to the changing environment. He is an elected international member of the National Academy of Sciences, and is an adjunct professor in the department of Center for Applied Tropical Ecology and Conservation (CREST-CATEC).

## Early life and education

Medina was born on July 27, 1938 in Maracaibo, Venezuela. After receiving his undergraduate degree in biology at the Universidad Central de Venezuela, he went to Stuttgart, Germany where he completed a doctorate (PhD) in agronomy.

## Career and research

He was assistant professor at the Universidad Central in Caracas, and joined the department of Ecology at the Venezuela Institute for scientific Research (IVIC) in 1970.
Since 2013, he held a position as adjunct professor in the department of Center for Applied Tropical Ecology and Conservation (CREST-CATEC) where he continued his research on plant physiology.

## Fields

Medina focuses on the study of plant populations and their environmental variables, particularly nutrient availability in natural ecosystems. His research includes the study of how a changing environment can affect photosynthesis, respiration, and nutrient uptake during various plant developmental stages. He studies how the plant community is affected by industrial pollution, change in land use caused by agriculture, pasture, lumbering and fire management, and he applies his findings in the area of global change research. His current research focuses on plant productivity responses to salinity, drought, and nutrient availability in coastal wetlands.

## Awards and honors

He holds an honorary membership in the Ecological Society of America supported by letters from P. D. Coley, T. A. as well as the international membership in the National Academy of Sciences.
His honors also include Guggenheim fellow and Lorenzo Mendoza Fleury Prize.

## Public engagement

In 1970, he did postdoctoral research at the Carnegie Institution (Stanford, California) on the photosynthesis of plants.
In 1979, Medina was a guest at both the Australian National University and Stanford University (USA).
Medina has also participated projects with MAB, INTECOL, SCOPE, OAS, and FAO. He has helped establish a school of plant ecology in Venezuela by training 27 students through IVIC and the Universidad Central de Venezuela.

## Personal life

Medina is married to Elvira Cuevas.
# Woodend, Ulpha

Woodend is a hamlet in the civil parish of Ulpha, in the Cumberland district, in the ceremonial county of Cumbria, England. It is situated between the Duddon Valley and the village of Ulpha and the valley of Eskdale, high up on Birker Fell, approximately 950 feet above sea level. It is claimed to have been an early Quaker settlement. With views towards Scafell Pike, England's highest mountain, it is very close to Devoke Water, one of the Lake District tarns.
A local historian recorded that "In the farmyard at Woodend can be seen a building used as a kind of barn, but with quite good mullion windows. This was the meeting house of the "Friends"."
# Chen Tingru

Chen Tingru (Chinese: 陳廷儒; pinyin: Chén Tíngrú; January 1914 – 27 April 2017) was a Chinese veteran. During the 2015 China Victory Day Parade, he was well known for sitting in the first row of veterans as the most senior veteran present.
Chen was born in Lianshui, Jiangsu. He graduated from a normal school and became the principal of a primary school. During the Second Sino-Japanese War, his students scattered after the county was captured by the Imperial Japanese Army, forcing him to quit his position. Influenced by local guerrillas, Chen joined them in 1939. Based in northern Jiangsu province, he began spreading propaganda against the invaders and joined the Chinese Communist Party in 1942.
Later, Chen was promoted to a middle-ranking officer in charge of administrative and political work. He retired in 1981 and was invited to parade on Victory Day in 2015 as a surviving soldier.
Chen died on April 27, 2017, in Suzhou, Jiangsu.
# Isel, Cumbria

Isel is a dispersed settlement and area in the valley of the River Derwent within the Lake District National Park in Cumbria, England. It is an ecclesiastical parish within the civil parish of Blindcrake. Nearby are the hamlets of Setmurthy, Sunderland and Redmain, and the village of Blindcrake.
Isel is a rural community, with a church, a manorial Hall and several farms ranging from dairy to poultry, but lacking basic local facilities having no shop, public house or post office. It is mentioned in the English folk song "Horn of the Hunter."
Isel Parish Church is dedicated to St Michael and the fabric is chiefly Norman. The church contains two pre-Norman carved stones, one of which is a fragment of a cross. Other buildings of interest are Isel Hall (with a pele tower), the ancient bridge of three arches (rebuilt in 1812) and the old vicarage.

## Governance

Isel, is part of the Penrith and Solway constituency of the UK parliament.
For Local Government purposes it is administered as part of the Cumberland unitary authority.
Isel has its own Parish Council; Blindcrake Parish Council.
# WVKY

WVKY (101.7 MHz) is a commercial FM radio station licensed to Shelbyville, Kentucky, and serving eastern portions of the Louisville metropolitan area. The station is owned by CapCity Communications under licensee Southern Belle, LLC. It airs a country music radio format which is simulcast on 104.9 WFKY in Frankfort. The station calls itself "Froggy 101.7 and 104.9," using a frog as its mascot.

## History

The station was assigned the call sign WCKD on April 1, 1989. On July 8, 1989, the station changed its call sign to WCKP; it signed on September 30, 1989. The call letters were changed on August 31, 1992, to WTHQ, on May 17, 2002, to WIBL, on May 29, 2003, to WJZO, on December 13, 2005, to WXTF, on March 21, 2006, to WLPP, and on April 16, 2007, to WKRD-FM. Originally on 101.3 MHz, in 1996 WTHQ swapped frequencies with WMJM and moved to 101.7.
The station license was transferred to Aloha Station Trust LLC at the completion of the privatization of Clear Channel Communications, a forerunner of iHeartMedia, Inc., which owns seven stations in Louisville, including WHAS and WAMZ. The Aloha Station Trust temporarily operated the stations that Clear Channel was required to divest as a condition of the privatization transaction.
As a result of a sale from Aloha Station Trust LLC to Southern Belle LLC, on January 12, 2012, the station again changed its call sign, this time to WVKY.
EARLY YEARS OF WVKY
WVKY AM 1270, was a radio station that played a significant role in the community of Louisa, Kentucky, began broadcasting in 1970. Established with a vision to serve local listeners, it quickly became a cherished source of news, music, and entertainment in the region.
For nearly three decades, WVKY provided a platform for local voices and promoted community events, fostering a strong connection with its audience. The station featured a mix of programming, including country music, talk shows, and local news updates, making it a staple in the daily lives of many residents.
However, by 1996, the station's operations came to an end. Despite its closure, WVKY AM 1270 left behind a legacy of community engagement and local pride. The station remains fondly remembered by those who grew up listening to its broadcasts, highlighting the vital role local radio can play in shaping a community's identity.
WVKY AM was owned by Lawrence County Broadcasting Company in Lawrence County, Kentucky, General Manager Jim Bradley.
# Gauri Shankar Pandey

Shri Gauri Shanker Pandey (गौरी शंकर पाण्डेय), was a veteran Indian politician and a former Minister of Bihar. He represented Bettiah constituency in Bihar assembly and served in various ministerial portfolios.
He was a popular leader of Congress from Bihar and even leaders from opposition party respected him for his social services, simplicity and honesty. After retiring from active politics, he remained in his home village Baithania (near Bettiah) for the rest of his life serving the people.

## Member of Legislative Assembly, Bihar

He was a member of Bihar Legislative Assembly during 1969-72, 1977–82, 1982–85, and 1985-90 Bettiah (Vidhan Sabha constituency), Bihar. He held several ministerial portfolios including Road, Transport, Civil Aviation, Law, Excise, Environment, and forest in successive Bihar Governments.
# SNL (disambiguation)

SNL often refers to Saturday Night Live, an American late-night live television variety show.
SNL may also refer to:

## Businesses and organizations

* Sandia National Laboratories, an American research and development laboratory
* Scots National League, a 1920s political organization in Scotland
* Società Navigazione del Lago di Lugano, a Swiss boat transport company
* SNL Financial, a financial data company, now part of S&P Global

## Sport

* Scottish National League (ice hockey), an ice hockey league
* Slovenian First Football League (Slovene: Prva Slovenska Nogometna Liga) (1. SNL)
** Slovenian Second Football League (Slovene: 2. Slovenska Nogometna Liga) (2. SNL
* Samoa National League, top division association football league in Samoa
* Sportvereniging Nationaal Leger, a Surinamese football team

## Other

* Shawnee Regional Airport (IATA code SNL), an airport in Oklahoma, US
* SnL, Shanell Lynn Woodgett (born 1980), American singer and songwriter
* Standard Nomenclature List, a U.S. Army logistical coding system
* Store norske leksikon, a Norwegian encyclopedia
* Sunday Noontime Live!, a Philippine music variety show
# King Faisal Street (disambiguation)

King Faisal Street can refer to streets named after Faisal I of Iraq:
* King Faisal Street (Amman)
* King Faisal Street (Aleppo)
King Faisal Street can also refer to streets named after Faisal of Saudi Arabia:
# Ireby, Cumbria

Ireby is a village in the Cumberland district of Cumbria, England with a population of around 180. It is located above the River Ellen, just outside the Lake District National Park, in the area locally called Back o'Skiddaw, with views to the Caldbeck Fells. The nearest towns are Wigton, 7 miles (11 km) away, and Cockermouth and Keswick, both 12 miles (19 km) away.
It was granted a market charter in 1237.

## Amenities

Ireby has two village halls, the main Globe Hall and the smaller Women's Institutes Hall.
Ireby has a music festival attracting a wide range of popular musicians and capacity audiences. In 2010, the Festival had Kate Rusby playing.
The village pub was reopened in 2016 after a long period of closure, it was a haunt of John Peel.

## Governance

Ireby is in the parliamentary constituency of Penrith and Solway. In the December 2019 general election, the Tory candidate for Workington, Mark Jenkinson, was elected the MP, overturning a 9.4 per cent Labour majority from the 2017 election to eject shadow environment secretary Sue Hayman by a margin of 4,136 votes. Until the December 2019 general election The Labour Party had won the seat in the constituency in every general election since 1979.The Conservative Party had only been elected once in Workington since World War II, at the 1976 by-election. In the 2024 United Kingdom general election, under new constituency boundaries Penrith and Solway went back to Labour.
Before Brexit, its residents were covered by the North West England European Parliamentary Constituency.
For Local Government purposes, it is in the Bothel and Wharrels electoral ward of Cumberland Council. Historically, it was in Allerdale district of Cumbria between 1974 and 2023, and the Wigton Rural District of Cumberland from 1894 to 1974.
The village forms part of the civil parish of Ireby and Uldale and has its own Parish Council along with Uldale, Ireby and Uldale Parish Council.

## In popular culture

A documentary series, Cumbrian Tales, was commissioned by the BBC in 1998, but taken off air after one episode due to "conflict of interest". The six-part series was eventually screened on ITV in 1999.
# Same as It Ever Was

Same as It Ever Was is the second album by American hip hop group House of Pain. It was released in 1994 and peaked at number 12 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums and Billboard 200. To record the album, the group had to work around Everlast's house arrest for a gun charge.

## Reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| Christgau's Consumer Guide: Albums of the '90s | A− |
| Entertainment Weekly | A |
| NME | 4/10 |
| RapReviews | 7/10 |
| (The New) Rolling Stone Album Guide | |
| Select | |
| Sputnikmusic | 2.5/5 |
Same as It Ever Was did not reach the same commercial heights as the group's previous album; however, Same as It Ever Was peaked at No. 12 on the Billboard 200 chart (their highest position to date) and also reached gold status by Recording Industry Association of America.
AllMusic gave it four out five stars. Matt Carlson of The Michigan Daily found the album quite good and noted "the music is laid back with some heavy driving forces underlying and strengthening it". Andrew Love of The Ocala Star-Banner gave it four stars saying "this is a band that has definitely progressed over the course of one album". J.D. Constantine of The Baltimore Sun did not like the album and found it monotonous and unimaginative. Roger Catlin of the Hartford Courant said that while finding the continuity monotonous it's "hard and compelling" as well as a "strong outing". Music critic Robert Christgau gave the album an A− and described it as "the hardest hip hop of the year."

## Personnel

* Eric Francis Schrody – vocals (tracks 1–2, 4–8, 10–15), mixing (tracks 12, 14)
* Daniel O’Connor – vocals (tracks 2, 4, 10, 14–15), art direction
* Leor Dimant – vocals (tracks 4, 15), production (tracks 2–4, 9, 11–15), mixing (tracks 3, 9, 12, 14, 15)
* Lawrence Muggerud – executive production, production (tracks 1, 5–6, 8, 10–11), mixing (tracks 1–2, 4–6, 8, 10–11, 13, 15)
* Joseph Kirkland – vocals, production and mixing (track 7)
* Nick Vidal – production (track 1)
* Eric Vidal – production (track 1)
* Tom Coyne – mastering
* Jason Roberts – engineering
* Erwin Gorostiza – art direction
* Butch Belair – photography
* Ron Jaramillo – design
* Kenton Parker – logo design

## Charts

| Chart (1994) | Peak position |
| Australian Albums (ARIA Charts) | 97 |
| U.S. Billboard 200 | 12 |
| U.S. Billboard Top Current Albums | 12 |
| U.S. Billboard Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums | 12 |
| U.S. Billboard Top Album Sales | 12 |
| U.S. Billboard R&B/Hip-Hop Album Sales | 12 |

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| United States (RIAA) | Gold | 500,000$^^$ |
| $^^$ Shipments figures based on certification alone. |||
# Hacıköy

Hacıköy may refer to:
* Hacıköy, Bayramiç
* Hacıköy, Biga
* Hacıköy, Gölpazarı
* Hacıköy, Kalecik
* Hacıköy, Kastamonu
* Hacıköy, Kurucaşile
* Hacıköy, Refahiye
* Gümüşhacıköy, Amasya
# WVMW-FM

WVMW-FM (91.7 FM) is a radio station licensed to Scranton, Pennsylvania, United States, the station serves the Scranton area. The station, which celebrated its 50th anniversary in 2024, is owned by Marywood University.
# Sudhakar Pandey

Sudhakar Pandey (1927-2003) was an Indian politician. He was elected to the Lok Sabha, the lower house of the Parliament of India from Chandauli, Uttar Pradesh in 1971 as a member of the Indian National Congress. He was a member of the Rajya Sabha, the Upper house of the Parliament of India from Uttar Pradesh from 1980 to 1986.
# Dancheon train disaster

The Dancheon train disaster was a derailment that took place in North Korea and is reported to have resulted in 400 deaths.

## Accident

On December 26, 2023, a passenger train departed Pyongyang bound for Geumgol. The train was carrying nine coaches; the first coaches immediately behind the engine were for upper-class transport only, consisting of government officials. The rear nine coaches were for regular citizens and lower class workers. On this date, the majority of the passengers were workers heading for the Komdok mines.
The train had just pulled departed from Tanchon Station. The next leg of the journey would require the train to climb up a steep section of track. The train itself was electric and its power source came from the overhead wires that supplied energy to the engine.
As the train climbed up the hill, a sudden power surge caused the train to lose all power, then to start rolling backwards, going downhill. The engine had now become a runaway train as the brakes could not be activated. At a curve, the last seven train cars derailed, with the upper-class coaches, as well as the main engine, remaining on the tracks undamaged. 400 people died in the accident. Survivors were taken to a hospital in Dancheon.
# Donn F. Porter

Donn Fortheringham Porter (March 1, 1931 – September 7, 1952) was a soldier in the United States Army during the Korean War. He posthumously received the Medal of Honor for his actions on September 7, 1952.
Porter joined the Army from Baltimore, Maryland in 1951, and originally trained as an airborne ranger. He is buried in Arlington National Cemetery Arlington, Virginia. His grave can be found in Section 33, Lot 4357.

## Medal of Honor citation

Rank and organization: Sergeant, U.S. Army, Company G, 14th Infantry Regiment, 25th Infantry Division
Place and date: Near Mundung-ni, Korea, September 7, 1952
Entered service at: Baltimore, Md. Born: March 1, 1931, Sewickley, Pa. Graduated Saint James School, MD. Class of 1949
G.O. No.: 64, August 18, 1953.
Citation:
   Sgt. Porter, a member of Company G, distinguished himself by conspicuous gallantry and outstanding courage above and beyond the call of duty in action against the enemy. Advancing under cover of intense mortar and artillery fire, 2 hostile platoons attacked a combat outpost commanded by Sgt. Porter, destroyed communications, and killed 2 of his 3-man crew. Gallantly maintaining his position, he poured deadly accurate fire into the ranks of the enemy, killing 15 and dispersing the remainder. After falling back under a hail of fire, the determined foe reorganized and stormed forward in an attempt to overrun the outpost. Without hesitation, Sgt. Porter jumped from his position with bayonet fixed and, meeting the onslaught and in close combat, killed 6 hostile soldiers and routed the attack. While returning to the outpost, he was killed by an artillery burst, but his courageous actions forced the enemy to break off the engagement and thwarted a surprise attack on the main line of resistance. Sgt. Porter's incredible display of valor, gallant self-sacrifice, and consummate devotion to duty reflect the highest credit upon himself and uphold the noble traditions of the military service.
# Quando sarai piccola

"Quando sarai piccola" ("When You [f.] Are Little") is a single by the Italian singer-songwriter Simone Cristicchi, released on 12 February 2025 as the first single from the reissue of the fifth studio album Dalle tenebre alla luce. The song was presented in competition at the Sanremo Music Festival 2025 where it finished in fifth place at the end of the event.

## Background

The song, written by Cristicchi himself together with his partner Amara and Nicola Brunialti, presents itself as a reflection on the mother-child relationship and deals with the reversal of roles between parent and child, with the son taking care of the mother, who, due to illness and old age, becomes "little" again.

## Sanremo Music Festival 2025

Italian broadcaster RAI organised the 75th edition of the Sanremo Music Festival between 11 and 15 February 2025. On 1 December 2024, Cristicchi was announced among the participants of the festival, with the title of his competing entry revealed the following 18 December. The song finished in fifth place.

## Charts

Chart performance for "Quando sarai piccola" :
| Chart (2025) | Peak position |
| Italy (FIMI) | 16 |
| Italy Airplay (EarOne) | 41 |
# Chintamani Panigrahi

Chintamani Panigrahi (22 March 1922 – 29 April 2000) was an Indian Independence Movement activist, a political and social leader from Odisha. He served as the Governor of Manipur from 1989 to 1993. He was born to Sri Gopinath Panigrahi and Smt Gelhi Devi in Biswanathpur, Puri district, Orissa (India). He was the first cousin of Shri. Bhagawati Charan Panigrahi (the founder of Communist Party in Orissa) and he was the first cousin of Legendary Oriya author Padmabhushan Kalindi Charan Panigrahi. Legendary Iron lady and former Chief Minister of Orissa Smt. Nandini Satpathy was his niece.

## Early life and independence movement

He was an active member of the "Bichinna Utkal Abkash Bahini" which was constituted on 17 May 1938 under the chairmanship of Sri Sukanta Rao, then Principal of Ravenshaw Collegiate School. Its aim was protecting the Oriya language and culture in parts of Utkal (Orissa) that were separated in the reorganization of states. They visited Medinipur, Bankura, Singhbhum, Seraikela, Kharsawan, Chainbasa, Chakradharpur, Tarala, Tikili and Manjusha in the summer holidays to interact with people in Oriya and preach national integrity.
In the 9 August 1942 revolution, he and his friends hoisted the Indian National Flag at Ravenshaw College and subsequently took leave of absence from the college. His passion for higher studies and his wish to be a part of the freedom struggle took him to Kolkata, where he got admission into Vidyasagar College under the University of Calcutta to finish his M.A. He joined the Paschim Banga Chhatra Congress and used to write handbills and posters against the British Government at night. On 16 August 1946, there was a massive Hindu-Muslim riot in Bengal. A peace march was organized under the leadership of Sri Panigrahi by Utkal Bahini and medical assistance as well as food was given to the affected, preaching the mantra of "United we win, divided we fall".

## Journalism and politics

He was a journalist, an author, a writer and a labour leader. He was the editor of "Daily Prajatantra" (1947–1951) and "Daily Matrubhumi" (1951–1956). He was secretary of the All Utkal Bank Employees Association and became vice-president of the World Democratic Youth Federation. He was elected to the 2nd Lok Sabha in 1957 from Puri constituency as a Communist Party of India candidate. Later, he joined the Indian National Congress. He was re-elected to the Lok Sabha in 1967, 1971, 1980 and 1984 from Bhubaneswar constituency. He was also Minister of State for Home Affairs (1986–88), Minister of State in the Ministry of Defence (1988–89) and Governor of Manipur from 10 July 1989 to 19 March 1993.
There are several works to his credit which include "Juga Sahitya" (Oriya), "Journey through blue mountain" and "With the people". He was fondly called the "People’s Governor" by the residents of Manipur because of his contribution to the development of the state and its people.
He died on 29 April 2000 at the Kalinga Hospital in Bhubaneswar.