OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Landschap Noord-Holland

Landschap Noord-Holland is a Dutch foundation which aims to protect the landscape, nature and cultural history of the province of North Holland by purchasing, arranging, managing, and developing nature reserves. It is one of twelve national Landschapsorganisaties (landscape organizations) that make up Landschapsbeheer Nederland.
Landschap Noord-Holland came about in 2003 as a merger between Noordhollandsch Landschap (1936) and Noord-Hollands Landschap. The foundation owns over 100 nature reserves with a combined area of 4,500 ha. The foundation has 4,000 volunteers and over 34,000 members. Landschap Noord-Holland is supported by a number of companies as well as the province of North Holand and the Nationale Postcode Loterij. In addition, (capital) funds contribute to projects. A sister organization is active in the Gooi, called Goois Natuurreservaat.
# Beatriz Adriana

Beatriz Adriana Flores de Saracho (born March 5, 1958), commonly known as Beatriz Adriana, is a Mexican singer of ranchera and actress.
Beatriz Adriana was born on 5 March 1958 in Navojoa, Sonora, and moved to Mexico City in 1970. She appeared in her first film, La Comadrita, at age 15 alongside La India María.
She has a recognized artistic trajectory in her country of origin. She is also the ex-wife of Mexican singer Marco Antonio Solís, with whom she has a daughter, also named Beatriz Adriana (but performs under the name Beatriz Solís). Adriana became a grandmother when her daughter Beatriz gave birth to a son, Leonardo.
They also had a son named Leonardo Martínez, who was murdered by kidnappers in 2000. Fearing for the life of her daughter Betty, she moved to the United States.
# Mehran, Alborz

Mehran (Persian: مهران) is a village in Jovestan Rural District of Bala Taleqan District in Taleqan County, Alborz province, Iran.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the village's population was 347 in 116 households, when it was in Bala Taleqan Rural District of the former Taleqan District in Savojbolagh County, Tehran province. In 2010, the county was separated from the province in the establishment of Alborz province. The district was separated from the county in establishing Taleqan County. The rural district was transferred to the new Bala Taleqan District and renamed Jovestan Rural District. The 2016 census measured the population of the village as 503 people in 202 households.
# Rubén Alcala

Rubén Alcala (born 21 June 1953) is a Mexican basketball player. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1976 Summer Olympics.
# Pupoides

Pupoides is a genus of land snails, terrestrial gastropod mollusks in the family Pupillidae.

## Species

Species within the genus Pupoides include:
* Pupoides albilabris (C. B. Adams, 1841) - white-lip dagger
* Pupoides coenopictus (Hutton, 1834)
* † Pupoides gnocco (Cabrera & Martínez, 2017)
* Pupoides hordaceus (Gabb, 1866) - ribbed dagger
* Pupoides inornatus Vanatta, 1915 - Rocky Mountain dagger
* Pupoides marginatus
** Pupoides marginatus nitidulus (Pfeiffer, 1839) - this is the only member of the family Pupillidae in Cuba.
* Pupoides modicus (Gould, 1848) - island dagger
# Johann Moritz Hofmann

Johann Moritz Hofmann (6 October 1653 – 31 October 1727) was a German anatomist and professor at the University of Altdorf. He was the son of anatomist Moritz Hofmann.
Hofmann was born in Altdorf where his father Moritz was professor of anatomy. He was educated there and at Frankfurt after which he spent two years studying medicine in Padua. In 1674 he returned home and received a doctorate. In 1677 he was appointed professor extraordinary in anatomy. Five years later he was given the chair of anatomy and after the death of his father he was also chair of botany. In 1683 he established a chemical laboratory (Laboratorium chemicum), a pioneering approach in medicine at the time. He resigned in 1709 and became a professor of practical medicine until 1713 when he moved to become personal physician to the court of the Margrave in Ansbach. He died here at the age of 74. Among his writings was a handbook of symptoms as Disquisitiones corporis humani anatomico-pathologicae (1713).
# Al-Nawbakhti Shrine

Al-Nawbakhti Shrine (Arabic: مقام النوبختي) is an Islamic mausoleum located in al-Rusafa in Baghdad, Iraq. It is the resting place of the third Twelver Deputy Ibn Ruh al-Nawbakhti, who passed away in 937 CE. A dome tops the building and is also a place for ziyarat. Today, it is located between the markets of the Shorja and al-Rashid Street.

## Historical background

Ibn Ruh al-Nawbakhti was an influential figure around his time, part of the Abbasid court, leader of al-Nawbakhti family, and a close associate of the second Twelver Deputy Abu Ja'far Muhammad, who he would succeed as the third Twelver Deputy to the hidden 12th Imam al-Mahdi in 917 CE. His contact with the 12th Imam would resume until 937 CE, the year he would pass away and be succeeded by Abu al-Husayn al-Samarri as the fourth and finale Twelver Deputy. Al-Nawbakhti was buried in Baghdad.
# Battle of Temzezdekt

The Battle of Temzezdekt took place in 1327, near the fortress of Temzezdekt [fr], not far from the city of Béjaïa in Algeria, between the Hafsid general Abu Abdallah Ibn Seid en-Nas against the army of the Zayanids commanded by Moussa Ibn Ali.

## Context

In 1326, the Zayanid sultan Abu Tashfîn ordered Musa Ibn Ali Al-Kurdi, commander of his army, to invade the Hafsid territories. The latter attacked Constantine and devastated the neighboring lands, then turned to Bejaia and besieged it. However, he soon lifted the camp in order to find a better position from which to besiege the city; it was in a place called Souk-el Khamis, in the valley of Bejaïa, that the Zayinid general decided to build a fortress in order to continue the blockade on Béjaïa. This fortress was completed in forty days and took the name of Temzezdekt.

## Battle

In 1327, the Hafsid caliph Abu Yahya Abu Bakr sent an army under the command of Abu Abdallah Ibn Seid en-Nas, against the fortress of Temzezdekt. Moussa Al-Kurdi learns of their approach and gathers his troops, the two armies meeting near the fortress and the battle ending in a defeat of the Hafsids.

## Consequences

The defeat of Abu Abdallah led to the capture of his camp by the Zaynids and the death of the leader of the Christian converts who guarded the port of the ruler of Tunis, Dafer el-Kebir. Abu Abdallah then locks himself behind the gates of Bejaia.
# Abdul Rashid Godil

Abdul Rashid Godil (Urdu: عبد الرشید گوڈیل; born 7 September 1960) is a Pakistani politician who had been a member of National Assembly of Pakistan, from 2008 to May 2018.

## Early life

Godil was born in Karachi on 7 September 1960 or on 17 September 1960. Early school at V M Public school dhoraji High school national college Graduation from university of Karachi

## Political career

In 1991, he was elected as a member of the All Pakistan Memon Federation and later, was elected as its president.
He began his political career in 2005 and became a union council Nazim the same year.
He was elected to the National Assembly of Pakistan from NA-252 (Karachi) on ticket of Muttahida Qaumi Movement in 2008 Pakistani general election.
He was re-elected to the National Assembly of Pakistan from NA-252 (Karachi) on ticket of Muttahida Qaumi Movement in 2013 Pakistani general election.
In June 2018, he quit MQM and joined PTI.
# Cloudinary

Cloudinary is a SaaS company providing cloud media management services for websites and apps. The company is headquartered in San Jose, California with offices in Israel, England, Poland, and Singapore.

## History

Cloudinary was founded in 2011 in Israel by Itai Lahan (CEO), Tal Lev-Ami (CTO), and Nadav Soferman (CPO). Cloudinary grew organically, building a profitable SaaS service, without venture capital funding. In 2015, the company received a strategic investment from Bessemer Venture Partners (BVP), which was BVP's 100th investment in cloud companies.
In 2014, Cloudinary announced fully integrated image processing add-ons leveraging technologies by Imagga, URL2PNG, Aspose, WebPurify and others. In 2015, Cloudinary opened its U.S. headquarters in Palo Alto, California, and added video management to its services. In 2019, the company moved to Santa Clara, California, and launched tools for responsive image breakpoint generation.
# Richard Klein (paleoanthropologist)

Richard G. Klein (born April 11, 1941) is a professor of Biology and Anthropology at Stanford University. He is the Anne T. and Robert M. Bass Professor in the School of Humanities and Sciences. He earned his PhD at the University of Chicago in 1966, and was elected to the National Academy of Sciences in April 2003. His research interests include paleoanthropology, Africa and Europe. His primary thesis is that modern humans evolved in East Africa, perhaps 100,000 years ago and, starting 50,000 years ago, began spreading throughout the non-African world, replacing archaic human populations over time. He is a critic of the idea that behavioral modernity arose gradually over the course of tens of thousands, hundreds of thousands of years or millions of years, instead supporting the view that modern behavior arose suddenly in the transition from the Middle Stone Age to the Later Stone Age around 50–40,000 years ago.

## Early life and education

Klein was born in 1941 in Chicago, and went to college at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. In 1962, he enrolled as a graduate student at the University of Chicago to study with the Neanderthal expert, Francis Clark Howell. Of the two theories in vogue then, that Neanderthals had evolved into the Cro-Magnons of Europe or that they had been replaced by the Cro-Magnons, Klein favored the replacement theory. Klein completed a master's degree in 1964, and then studied at the University of Bordeaux with François Bordes, who specialized in prehistory. There he visited the La Quina and La Ferrassie caves in southwest France, containing Cro-Magnon artifacts layered on top of Neanderthal ones. These visits influenced him into believing the shift from Neanderthal to modern humans 40,000 to 35,000 years ago was sudden rather than gradual. Klein also visited Russia to examine artifacts.
Klein briefly held positions at the University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee, Northwestern University in Evanston, Illinois, and the University of Washington, Seattle, before becoming a professor at the University of Chicago in 1973. Twenty years later, he moved to Stanford University.

## Works

* Man and culture in the late Pleistocene: A case study, Chandler Publishing, 1969. ASIN: B0006BYMZM (republished by ACLS Humanities as ebook with ISBN 978-1597405881)
* Ice-Age Hunters of the Ukraine, University of Chicago Press, 1973. ISBN 0-226-43945-3
* The Analysis of Animal Bones from Archaeological Sites, with Kathryn Cruz-Uribe, University of Chicago Press, 1984. ISBN 978-0-226-43958-7
* Quaternary extinctions: A prehistoric revolution, first editor Paul S. Martin, University of Arizona Press, 1989. ISBN 978-0816511006
* The Dawn of Human Culture, with Blake Edgar, John Wiley & Sons, 2002. ISBN 0-471-25252-2
* The Human Career: Human Biological and Cultural Origins, 3rd ed., University of Chicago Press, 2009. ISBN 978-0-226-43965-5

## Awards

* Member of the National Academy of Sciences
* Member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
* President, South African Archaeological Society (2002–2004)
* Gordon J. Laing Award
# Lendu language

The Lendu language is a Central Sudanic language spoken by the Balendru, an ethno-linguistic agriculturalist group residing in eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo in the area west and northwest of Lake Albert, specifically the Ituri Province. It is one of the most populous of the Central Sudanic languages. There are three-quarters of a million Lendu speakers in the DRC. A conflict between the Lendu and the Hema was the basis of the Ituri conflict.
Besides the Balendru, Lendu is spoken as a native language by a portion of the Hema, Alur, and Okebu. In Uganda, the Lendu tribe live in the districts of Nebbi and Zombo districts, northwest of Lake Albert.

## Names

Ethnologue gives Bbadha as an alternate name of Lendu, but Blench (2000) lists Badha as a distinct language. A draft listing of Nilo-Saharan languages, available from his website and dated 2012, lists Lendu/Badha.

## Phonology
### Vowels

| | Front | Central | Back |
| Close | i | | u |
| Near-close | ɪ | | ʊ |
| Mid | ɛ | ə | ɔ |
| Open | | a | |

### Consonants

| | | Labial | Dental/ Alveolar | Dental/ Alveolar | Post- alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Labial- velar | Glottal |
| | | Labial | central | sibilant | Post- alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Labial- velar | Glottal |
| Nasal | Nasal | m | n | | | ɲ | (ŋ) | | |
| Stop/ Affricate | voiceless | p | t | t͡s | t͡ʃ | | k | k͡p | ʔ |
| Stop/ Affricate | voiced | b | d | d͡z | d͡ʒ | ɟ | ɡ | ɡ͡b | |
| Stop/ Affricate | prenasal | ᵐb | ⁿd | | ᶮd͡ʒ | | ᵑɡ | ᵑᵐɡ͡b | |
| Stop/ Affricate | vl. implosive | ɓ̥ | ɗ̥ | | | ʄ̊ | | | |
| Stop/ Affricate | vd. implosive | ɓ | ɗ | | | ʄ | | | |
| Fricative | voiceless | f | θ | s | ʃ | | | | h |
| Fricative | voiced | v | ð | z | ʒ | | | | |
| Fricative | prenasal | | | ⁿz | | | | | |
| Rhotic | Rhotic | | r | | ɽ | | | | |
| Approximant | plain | | l | | | j | | w | |
| Approximant | glottalized | | | | | | | ʼw | |
* [ŋ] is mainly heard as an allophone of /n/ when preceding velar consonants.

#### Implosives

Demolin (1995) posits that Lendu has voiceless implosives, /ɓ̥ ɗ̥ ʄ̊/ (/ƥ ƭ ƈ/). However, Goyvaerts (1988) had described these as creaky-voiced implosives /ɓ̰ ɗ̰ ʄ̰/, as in Hausa, contrasting with a series of modally voiced implosives /ɓ ɗ ʄ/ as in Kalabari, and Ladefoged judges that this seems to be a more accurate description.
# The Doings of Raffles Haw

The Doings of Raffles Haw (1891) is a science fiction novel authored by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle involving an inventor who has discovered a way to turn lead into gold.

## Plot outline

A mysterious millionaire, Raffles Haw, comes to reside in Tamfield in Staffordshire. Prior to his arrival, locals gossip about him. As his house is being constructed, people wonder at the number of workers, their speed, and the complete disregard for the amount of money spent. When Haw arrives, he acquaints himself with the McIntyre family, which consists of Robert, his sister Laura, and their father. McIntyre senior had been a prosperous gun merchant, but has gone bankrupt and lost his sanity. Laura is engaged to Hector, the son of the vicar, Mr. Spurling. Hector is a sailor who is summoned for Naval duty at the beginning of the novel.
Disregarding McIntyre senior as a greedy beggar, Haw sets about to alleviate the misery of the people of Tamfield through the agency of the McIntyre siblings and Mr. Spurling. He saves many families and businesses with his timely financial succour. He has limitless funds, due to having discovered a process to turn lead into gold.
With the passage of time, he becomes disillusioned because his philanthropic activities—though they improve the situations of the recipients—don't improve the recipients themselves. Instead of becoming better citizens, most become parasites reliant upon alms from the millionaire. Despondent, he seeks the counsel of his fiancée, Laura McIntyre, the one person he supposes to be true to him. Unbeknownst to him, Laura has accepted his proposal of marriage without ending her previous engagement to Hector Spurling. As Raffles and Laura are talking, Hector enters the room, his service having ended earlier than expected. When Raffles discovers Laura and Hector are still engaged, he is heartbroken. The fallen millionaire locks himself in his laboratory, destroys his equipment and his immense fortune, and later is found dead. The process that he used to build his fortune is unrecoverable.

## Reception

Dave Langford in a review White Dwarf #83, said that "Doyle has an old and familiar tale to tell: The Well-Meaning (but Mad) Scientist who can Make Gold, yet like King Midas finds out that Wealth Is But A Curse. Fascinating for collectors and completists."

## Reviews

* Review by Don D'Ammassa (1986) in Science Fiction Chronicle, #87 December 1986
* Review by John R. Pfeiffer (1986) in Fantasy Review, December 1986
* Review by Chris Bailey (1986) in Vector 135
* Review by Everett F. Bleiler (1991) in Science Fiction: The Early Years
# Siege of Tlemcen (1299–1307)

The siege of Tlemcen from 1299 to 1307 designates all of the operations undertaken by the army of the Marinid sultan, Abu Yaqub Yusuf an-Nasr to seize the city of Tlemcen, the capital of the Zayyanid Kingdom, during the conflict between the Kingdom of Tlemcen and the Marinids. The siege was lifted following the assassination of the Marinid Sultan.

## Siege

The abandonment of his territories in Spain gave Marinid sultan Abu Yaqub a free hand to pursue a war against the Abdalwadids of Tlemcen in 1295. Marinid forces moved systematically and slowly along the coast, taking Taourirt (1295), Oujda (1296), Taount and Nedroma (1298) before finally arriving at Tlemcen in May 1299. Settling down for a long siege, Abu Yaqub erected a siege camp which turned into a veritable city, known as al-Mahalla al-Mansura ('Camp of Victory'), with markets, public baths, palaces and mosques of its own. From here, he conducted the siege against Tlemcen, while dispatching detachments to seize the remaining coastal possessions of the Abdalwadid sultanate, all the way to Algiers.
Nonetheless, the besieged city of Tlemcen refused to fall. The death of the Abdalwadid sultan Othman in 1303 prompted the city to contemplate capitulation, but his successor Abu Zayyan I rallied the resistance and ensured it continued to hold out.
With an eye to relieving the siege, Abdalwadid agents persuaded the new Nasrid sultan Muhammad III of Granadato transport a Marinid pretender, a certain Uthman ibn Abi al-Ula, to Ceuta in 1306. Uthman landed with Granadan help and immediately proclaimed himself ruler of Morocco. But the Marinid emir Abu Yaqub, sensing his siege was finally having an effect, and Tlemcen was on the verge of falling, decided to ignore the threat in his rear and press on with the siege. Unchallenged, Uthman's partisans added the neighboring towns of Asilah, Larache and much of the Ghomara region to his cause.
In May 1307, the Marinid sultan Abu Yaqub Yusuf was assassinated in the Tlemcen siege camp by a eunuch over an obscure harem affair. He was succeeded by his son, Abu Thabit Amir as Marinid sultan of Morocco, who opted to abandon the siege of Tlemcen and to confront Uthman in Ceuta. Abu Yaqub's twelve years of war against Tlemcen had ended with nothing to show for his efforts.
# Sandra Sully

Sandra Lee Sully AM (born 18 February 1965) is an Australian news presenter and journalist, currently presenting 10 News First in Sydney.
Sully attended Brisbane State High School, graduating in 1978.

## Career

Sully started out presenting Ten Eyewitness News Brisbane in the 1990s, before presenting Ten's flagship Ten Eyewitness News Sydney 5:00 pm weeknight bulletin.
Sully is best known as a newsreader on Ten Late News from 1991 to 2014. She was the first Australian television journalist to cover news of the 11 September terrorist attacks. She was on air when the first attack occurred and, shortly afterwards, began presenting live breaking coverage.
Sully hosted the second season of game show Australia's Brainiest in 2005. She also hosted Cool Aid Australia's National Carbon Test in 2008.
Sully was the first woman to co-host the broadcast of the Melbourne Cup carnival and did so for seven years.
In June 2013, Sully and fellow Channel Ten journalist, Matt Doran, headed a police crime program called Wanted, investigating unsolved crimes and conducting interviews with victims' family and friends to appeal to the public to help solve the case by calling Crimestoppers.
As of 2018, Sully presented 10 News First Sydney. Between September 2020 and August 2024, Sully also presented the Queensland bulletin, produced from Sydney, as a result of changes to the 10 News First broadcast lineup. Sully ceased presenting the Queensland bulletin in August 2024, when a standalone edition presented by Sharyn Ghidella was revived from 2 September 2024.
In September 2023, Sully competed in the fifth season of The Masked Singer as "Fawn", she was eliminated in episode 2 after one performance.
Sully was appointed as a Member of the Order of Australia (AM), in 2024 with the citation "For significant service to the media, charitable organisations and to the community".

### Television

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 1990s, 2020–24 | Ten Eyewitness News Brisbane / 10 News First Queensland | Newsreader | |
| 1991–2014 | Ten Late News | Newsreader | |
| 2005–2006 | Australia's Brainiest | Host |
| 2011–present | 10 News First Sydney | Newsreader | |
| 2013 | Wanted | Co-host | with Matt Doran |
| 2016 | All Star Family Feud | Contestant | 1 episode |
| 2017 | Have You Been Paying Attention? | Guest quiz master | 1 episode |
| 2018–2019 | I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! | Celebrity guest | 2 episodes |
| 2019 | Hughesy, We Have a Problem | Celebrity problem | |
| 2022 | The Masked Singer | Self – Guest | 2 episodes |
| 2023 | The Masked Singer | Self – Contestant | 1 episode, eliminated in second episode |

## Personal life

Sully was the victim of an apparent stalker in November 1997. She was pistol-whipped twice in the carpark of her home after returning from a late shift at Ten. At an awards ceremony in late 2006, she told guests she had hired "a couple of security guards" following the incident.
Sully married in 2011, becoming stepmother to her husband's adopted daughter.