OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Eurasian Patent Organization

The Eurasian Patent Organization (EAPO) is an international organization set up in 1995 by the Eurasian Patent Convention (EAPC) to grant Eurasian patents. The official language of the EAPO is Russian and its current president is Saule Tlevlessova. The headquarters of the EAPO is in Moscow, Russia.

## Membership and signatories
### Member states

As of February 2021, the following 8 countries are contracting states to the EAPC and therefore members of the Eurasian Patent Organization:
* Armenia
* Azerbaijan
* Belarus
* Kazakhstan
* Kyrgyzstan
* Tajikistan
* Turkmenistan
* Russia

### Former members

Moldova is a former member state of the Eurasian Patent Organization. On 26 October 2011, Moldova denounced the Eurasian Patent Convention, meaning that, since 26 April 2012, it is no longer party to the Convention. In December 2011, negotiations on a "validation and co-operation agreement" between the European Patent Office (EPO) and Moldova were authorized by the Administrative Council of the European Patent Organisation. The validation agreement with Moldova took effect on 1 November 2015.
Although Moldova left the Eurasian Patent Organization, the Intellectual Property Agency of Moldova signed a Cooperation Agreement between Moldova and the Eurasian Patent Office in 2017.

### Signatories that did not become members

Although Ukraine and Georgia were original signatories to the Eurasian Patent Convention, they have not ratified it.
In 2019, negotiations between the European Patent Office (EPO) and Georgia were expected to result in a validation agreement, similar to the one existing between the EPO and Moldova.

## International cooperation

The EAPO cooperates with other patent organizations and has signed memorandums of understanding with the following:
* African Regional Intellectual Property Organization
* European Patent Office
* European Union Intellectual Property Office
* Korean Intellectual Property Office
* World Intellectual Property Organization

### PPH programme

The Patent Prosecution Highway Programme (PPH Programme) constitutes bilateral agreements between the Eurasian Patent Office and other patent offices designed to provide applicants with opportunities to get a patent faster and more efficiently, in one of the participating patent offices. The programme allows for an accelerated examination of patents compared to applications from non-participating patent offices. Currently, partner offices participating in the programme include the Japan Patent Office, European Patent Office, China National Intellectual Property Administration, Korean Intellectual Property Office, and the Finnish Patent and Registration Office.

### Exchange of patent documentation

In addition, according to its own web site, the EAPO maintains various agreements on the exchange of patent documentation with 38 countries across Asia, Europe, and North America.
The EAPO is recognized as an International Searching Authority and an International Preliminary Examining Authority.
# Condate Riedonum

Condate Riedonum is the Gallo-Roman name for the city of Rennes in France. It was the main city and capital of the civitas Riedonum in Roman Gaul.

## Etymology

Condate is a toponym of Gaulish origin which refers to a river confluence. Riedonum comes from the tribe of the Riedones, of which Condate was the capital. This epithet was only used after the Roman conquest of the region.

## History

After the Roman conquest of Gaul, Condate Riedonum became the main city of its civitas. Its name is mentioned on both the Antonine Itinerary and Tabula Peutingeriana.
During the 1st and 2nd centuries AD, Pax Romana allowed the city to develop. But tensions within the Roman Empire between the 3rd and 4th centuries AD had repercussions on the economy and expansion of the city, now reduced to a core. Around this core, the medieval city was organized under the influence of Christianity. The city became Christian during the 6th and 7th centuries AD. The creation of a bishopric in Rennes led to new monastic settlements. Necropolises in the city were Christianized and new places of worship were built, including the Saint-Martin-des-Vignes church [fr] and Notre-Dame-en-Saint-Melaine abbey [fr].
# Toshiyuki Honda

Toshiyuki Honda (本多 俊之, Honda Toshiyuki, born April 9, 1957) is a Japanese jazz musician and composer.
Honda's father was a jazz critic, whose name was also Toshiyuki Honda. As a jazz musician, he learned flute and saxophone, and worked in the late 1970s with George Otsuka and the Burning Waves ensemble. In the 1980s he worked with Chick Corea, Tatsuya Takahashi, and Kazumi Watanabe, as well as leading his own ensemble, Super Quartet. He was also a member of the ensemble Native Son.
Starting in the late 1980s, Honda turned increasingly toward composing for film and television, as well as working in record producing. He composed the soundtrack for the Juzo Itami film A Taxing Woman in 1987, which raised his prominence as a film scorer. He went on to compose the score for all but one of the rest of Itami's films.

## Discography
### Studio Albums

* Burnin' Waves (Electric Bird, 1978), re-released in 2023 by Holy Basil Records
* Opa! Com Deus (Electric Bird, 1979)
* Easy Breathing (Electric Bird, 1980)
* Boomerang as Toshiyuki Honda & Burning Waves (Electric Bird, 1981)
* Spanish Tears as Toshiyuki Honda & Burning Waves (Electric Bird, 1981)
* Toshiyuki Honda (Electric Bird, 1982)
* Shangri-La (Eastworld, 1982)
* September as Toshiyuki Honda & The New Burning Wave (Eastworld, 1983)
* Dream with Chick Corea, Miroslav Vitous, Roy Haynes (Eastworld, 1983)
* Modern (Eastworld, 1984)
* The Super Quartet as Toshiyuki Honda featuring The Super Quartet (Eastworld, 1986)
* Day Dream (Eastworld, 1986)
* Radio Club (Eastworld, 1987)
* Something Coming On as Toshiyuki Honda Radio Club (Who Ring, 1988)
* Symbiosis (Who Ring, 1990), featuring music from A-Ge-Man: Tales of a Golden Geisha, A Taxing Woman, and A Taxing Woman's Return
* Relax (Who Ring, 1991)
* Reed My Lips (Who Ring, 1992)
* Cool Jewel (Who Ring, 1994)
* SAX・HOLIC (Who Ring, 1996)
* High Five as Trouvère Quartet and Toshiyuki Honda (EMI Music Japan, 1997)

### Soundtrack albums and film scores

* A Taxing Woman (1987), released as The Woman from Marusa
* A Taxing Woman's Return (1988)
* Gunhed (1989)
* A-Ge-Man: Tales of a Golden Geisha (1990)
* Minbo (1992)
* The Last Dance (1993)
* Supermarket Woman (1996)
* Marutai no Onna (1997)
* Metropolis (2001)
* Autumn in Warsaw (2003)
* Nasu: Summer in Andalusia (2003)
* Rebellion: The Killing Isle (2008)
# Bellingham–Cary House

The Bellingham–Cary House is a historic house museum at 34 Parker Street in Chelsea, Massachusetts. The house, built in 1724, may incorporate in its structure the 1659 hunting lodge of colonial governor Richard Bellingham and is the only surviving 18th-century building in the city. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1974.

## Description and history

The Bellingham–Cary House stands in a residential area of northeastern Chelsea, on the east side of Parker Street between Tudor Street and Clark Avenue. It is a two-story wood-frame structure, with a truncated hip roof, two interior chimneys, and a clapboarded exterior. Its main facade is five bays wide, with a center entrance flanked by Doric pilasters and topped by a transom window, entablature, and gabled pediment. The roof is pierced by three pedimented gable dormers on the front, and one on each of the sides. A two-story hip-roofed ell extends to the rear.
Richard Bellingham was an Englishman who was involved in the formation of the Massachusetts Bay Company, which formally established the Massachusetts Bay Colony and founded Boston in 1630. Bellingham came to Boston in 1634 and served three terms as governor of the colony before his death in 1672. Not long after his arrival, he purchased most of what is now Chelsea, as well as a ferry service between it and Boston. In 1659 he built a hunting lodge, which became his summer home. After his death, the quarter of his land that included the house eventually passed to the Cary family in 1741. They enlarged the house several times, and about 1791 Samuel Cary greatly expanded the house to create its present appearance.
After the deaths of Samuel Cary and his wife, most of the farm was sold off for development. The house remained in the family until 1914, when a local non-profit organization was established to preserve it. It has been owned since then by the Governor Bellingham–Cary House Association.
It won the 2006 Massachusetts Historical Commission Preservation Award. In 2008 the earliest part of the house was dated to 1724 using dendrochronology.

## Gallery

* Bellingham–Cary House, 34 Parker Street, Chelsea, Mass.,[October 28, 1920]. Leon Abdalian Collection, Boston Public Library
* Bellingham–Cary House, 34 Parker Street, Chelsea, Mass., 28 October 1920. Leon Abdalian Collection, Boston Public Library
# List of massacres in Finland

The following is a list of massacres that have occurred in Finland (numbers may be approximate):
| Name | Date | Location | Deaths | Notes |
| Åbo Bloodbath | November 10, 1599 | Turku | 14 | |
| Klaukkala axe murders | May 10, 1899 | Nurmijärvi | 7 | |
| Officers' Swimming School [fi] | September 1917 | Viipuri | 20+ | Massacre of Kornilovite high-ranking officers by Bolshevism-supporting soldiers |
| Toijala executions | April 15, 1918 | Toijala | 100 | The Red forces killed about 100 members of the White Guard, bourgeois, civil servants and schoolchildren in the area |
| Toijala executions | April 25-May 3, 1918 | Toijala | 122 | |
| Koria massacre | 1918 | Kouvola | 120 | |
| Varkaus executions | | Varkaus | 170-180 | |
| Suinula massacre | January 31, 1918 | Kangasala | 17 | Thirty seriously wounded. |
| Vihti executions | February 1, 1918 | Vihti | 18 | |
| Nurmijärvi murders | February 1, 1918 | Nurmijärvi | 4 | |
| Pori lyceum massacre | February 6, 1918 | Pori | 11 | |
| Lottery of Huruslahti | February 21, 1918 | Varkaus | 90 | |
| Harmoinen sanatorium massacre | March 10, 1918 | Kuhmoinen | 13 | |
| Koliahde massacre | March 10, 1918 | Noormarkku | 16 | |
| Länkipohja massacre | March 16, 1918 | Jämsä | 80 | |
| Kuurila train murders | April 19, 1918 | Hämeenlinna | 23 | |
| Lappeenranta massacre | April 25, 1918 | Lappeenranta | 23 | |
| Viipuri County Prison massacre | April 27–28, 1918 | Viipuri | 30 | |
| Valkeakoski Women's Guard massacre | May 1, 1918 | Valkeakoski | 36 | |
| Tampere executions | April–May, 1918 | Tampere | 1,000 | Whites executed hundreds of capitulated Reds |
| Vyborg massacre | April–June, 1918 | Viipuri | 400 | Massacre of ethnic Russians and foreigners |
| Perttula executions | May 18–24, 1918 | Nurmijärvi | 21 | Seven of the victims were murdered on the eighteenth, five on the nineteenth, two on the twentieth, five on the twenty-first and one on the twenty-fourth. One of the victims, Kalle Fredrik Aaltio (b. December 20, 1882), was decapitated on May 19, 1918. As were three other individuals on May 21 of that same year. |
| Västankvarn executions | May 2–26, 1918 | Ingå | 60+ | |
| Karhiniemi axe murders | March 17, 1943 | Huittinen | 6 | |
| Soso railway stop murders | April 3, 1953 | Muhos | 4 | |
| Lake Bodom murders | June 5, 1960 | Espoo | 3 | 1 injured; perpetrator unknown |
| Pihtipudas police killings | March 7, 1969 | Pihtipudas | 4 | |
| Raumanmeri school shooting | January 24, 1989 | Rauma | 2 | |
| Kotka murders | April 18–19, 1994 | Kotka | 3 | |
| Helsinki Shooting Club killings | February 21, 1999 | Helsinki | 3 | 1 injured |
| Myyrmanni bombing | October 11, 2002 | Vantaa | 7 | 159 injured |
| Jokela school shooting | November 7, 2007 | Tuusula | 9 | 1 injured |
| Kauhajoki school shooting | September 23, 2008 | Kauhajoki | 11 | 1 injured |
| Sello mall shooting | December 31, 2009 | Espoo | 6 |
| Hyvinkää shooting | May 26, 2012 | Hyvinkää | 2 | 8 injured |
| 2017 Turku attack | August 18, 2017 | Turku | 2 | 8 injured + attacker injured |
# Phengaris

Phengaris is a genus of gossamer-winged butterflies in the subfamily Polyommatinae. Commonly, these butterflies are called large blues, which if referring to a particular species is P. arion, a species resident in Europe and some parts of Asia.
Phengaris is currently defined to include the genus Maculinea. The type species of the latter was the Alcon blue ("M." alcon). This species was found to be less closely related to most other supposed members of Maculinea than the traditional Phengaris species, and hence the two genera were merged to form a monophyletic group. Alternatively, Maculinea could be restricted to the one or two species of "Alcon" blues, and the rest of it be separated as a new genus. But this would create two very small genera, which is generally avoided by modern taxonomists. As Phengaris is the older name, it thus replaces Maculinea.
Maculinea was alternatively considered to be a subgenus of Glaucopsyche. But while Glaucopsyche and Phengaris (including Maculinea) are certainly close relatives, they are unlikely to be that close.
The most recently discovered species in the genus is P. xiushani, first reported in 2010 and found in undisturbed forested mountains, unlike all the other members which live in grasslands over their entire range of distribution.

## Species

The species, listed in the presumed phylogenetic sequence from the most ancestral to the most apomorphic, are:
Basal group (Maculinea sensu stricto)
* Phengaris alcon – Alcon blue, Alcon large blue
** †Phengaris alcon arenaria – Dutch Alcon blue
* Phengaris rebeli – mountain Alcon blue (may belong in P. alcon)
Phengaris sensu stricto
* Phengaris albida (Leech, 1893)
* Phengaris atroguttata – great spotted blue
* Phengaris daitozana (Wileman, 1908)
* Phengaris xiushani Wang & Settele, 2010 – Xiushan's large blue
Other "Maculinea"
* Phengaris arion – large blue
* Phengaris arionides – greater large blue
* Phengaris cyanecula (Eversmann, 1848)
** Phengaris cyanecula cyanecula Mongolia
** Phengaris cyanecula obscurior (Staudinger, 1901) Tian-Shan
** Phengaris cyanecula taras (Fruhstorfer, 1915) Alay Mountains
** Phengaris cyanecula ussuriensis (Sheljuzhko, 1928) Amur Oblast, Ussuri
* Phengaris kurentzovi (Sibatani, Saigusa & Hirowatari, 1994)
** Phengaris kurentzovi kurentzovi northern China and Korea
** Phengaris kurentzovi daurica Dubatolov, 1999 Transbaikalia
* Phengaris ligurica (Wagner, 1904) (may belong in P. arion)
* Phengaris nausithous – dusky large blue
* Phengaris ogumae (Matsumura, 1910) (tentatively placed here)
** Phengaris ogumae ogumae Japan
** Phengaris ogumae doii (Matsumura, 1928) Kuriles
* Phengaris takamukui
* Phengaris teleius – scarce large blue
Incertae sedis
* Phengaris xiaheana (Murayama, 1919)

## Footnotes

* ↑ Brower (2008)
* 1 2 "New Species of Large Blue Butterfly Discovered". Science Daily. 2010-06-13. Retrieved 2010-06-13.
* ↑ See Brower (2008) and the references in Savela (2006, 2008)
# Mor Dahan

Mor Dahan (Hebrew: מור דהן; born March 19, 1989) is a former Israeli football (soccer) defender. He previously played for Maccabi Haifa, Ironi Ramat HaSharon, and Maccabi Ahi Nazareth.
After playing 3 caps for Israel U-18, Dahan moved to make his first appearance for Israel U-19 against Denmark U-19 in a 5–2 win for Israel in the Milk Cup.
He continued to play as Israel won the Milk Cup at 2007. He also played in the qualifiers to U-19 Euro 2008 and then in the 'elite' stage of the qualifiers, which Israel failed to win.
He made his first appearance as a second-half substitute for Maccabi Haifa in the Israeli Premier League on March 22, 2008, versus Ironi Kiryat Shmona. Dahan made five appearances for the club in the 2007–08 season.
# Flag of Kropyvnytskyi

The flag of Kropyvnytskyi is the city symbol of Kropyvnytskyi, Ukraine and was developed and widely introduced during the last decade of the 20th century.
The flag has two horizontal bands of yellow, of equal width, separated by a central blue band which splits into a horizontal "Y" shape, the arms of which end at the corners of the hoist side (and roughly follow the flag's diagonals). The Y embraces a red isosceles triangle containing the golden monogram of Elizabeth, empress of Russia within. The width of the pall makes one fifth of the flag.
In blazons the flag of Kropyvnytskyi can be described as "per pall fesswise Or and gules, a fesswise pall azure."
As most of the Ukrainian municipal flags, the ratio of the flag of Kropyvnytskyi is 1:1. It usually has decorative edging and is hoisted on a staff with a cross-bar. In this case the Ukrainian Heraldry Portal prefers to use the term "khoruhva" (Ukrainian "хоругва") which could be translated in English as "a gonfalon".
The flag of Kropyvnytskyi utilizes the symbols found on the city's historical coats of arms and its current one, particularly the colours (with a switch from red to crimson) and the monogram of Elizabeth, empress of Russia. The blue cross is said to symbolize the junction of three rivers: Inhul, Suhokliya and Bianka in whose vicinity the precursor of the city, Fort of St. Elizabeth was founded.
The flag was designed by Vitaliy Kryvenko in the 1st half of the 1990s and adopted by the City Hall on February 28, 1996.
# National Friendly

National Friendly is the trading name of National Deposit Friendly Society, a British friendly society providing financial products and services.
It was formed in 1868 as the Surrey Deposit Friendly Society. As of 2021, National Friendly is located at Queen Square, Bristol.

## History

The society was founded in 1868 by the Rev. George Raymond Portal to provide sickness cover for the poor. Portal was born in 1827 and educated at Rugby School. After ordination, Portal worked in London where he saw extensive poverty. In 1858 Portal was appointed Rector of Albury, near Guildford; ten years later he started the Surrey County Deposit Benefit Club.
The deposit system was first conceived in 1831 by Rev. Samuel Best, Rector of Abbots Ann in Andover. The deposit principle was, that part of the contribution was for the benefit of the individual, and part for the common pool. Portal's Society was unusual in that it admitted women and children. By the end of 1869 the Society had around 200 members and it began to spread into the surrounding villages and then Guildford where it had a small office with a general secretary. In 1871, Portal was appointed to the living of Burghclere in Hampshire at the instigation of his friend Lord Caernarvon.
Portal proposed a move into other counties. To facilitate that expansion, a new organisational structure was established and the name changed to the National Deposit Friendly Society. The first moves were into Berkshire and Hampshire. At the time of George Portal's death in 1889, the National Deposit's membership was approaching 7,000, and Kaede took over. In 1897, London became the new headquarters. Two years later there were 36,000 members and by 1930, the membership reached one million.
By providing state benefits, the National Insurance Act 1911 had the potential to threaten the voluntary principle of the friendly society system. However, the administrative systems of the friendly societies were necessary to implement the state scheme and the National Deposit was the first friendly society to become an approved administrator under the act and membership subsequently increased. At the end of World War I, National Deposit Friendly Society established its own convalescent home, which offered support to injured soldiers. The establishment of the National Health Service posed similar threats to the society, and it lost 278,000 members in 1949. The society responded by issuing a range of new policies during the 1950s and 1960s, such as variations in the length of sickness coverage. In 1982, the society moved to Bristol.
In 2011, National Friendly stopped writing new health insurance policies due to capital inadequacy issues. Later it resumed again in 2016, and now offers a broad range of health and life insurance policies.
# Dolichosomastis

Dolichosomastis is a genus of moths of the family Erebidae. The genus was erected by George Hampson in 1924.

## Species

* Dolichosomastis archadia Stoll, 1790
* Dolichosomastis dorsilinea Dyar, 1910
* Dolichosomastis hannibal Schaus, 1914
* Dolichosomastis leucogrammica Hampson, 1924
# Ashby station (GCRTA)

Ashby station is a stop on the RTA Blue Line in Shaker Heights, Ohio, located in the median of Van Aken Boulevard at its intersection with Ashby Road, after which the station is named.

## History

The station opened on April 11, 1920, with the initiation of rail service by the Cleveland Interurban Railroad on what is now Van Aken Boulevard from Lynnfield Road to Shaker Square and then to East 34th Street and via surface streets to downtown.$^{:22}$
In 1980 and 1981, the Green and Blue Lines were completely renovated with new track, ballast, poles and wiring, and new stations were built along the line. The renovated line along Van Aken Boulevard opened on October 30, 1981.$^{:111}$

## Station layout

The station has two narrow side platforms in the center median of Van Aken Boulevard, split across the intersection with Onaway Road. The westbound platform is southeast of the intersection, and the eastbound platform northwest of the intersection. Each platform has a small shelter and diagonal parking is provided off westbound Van Aken Boulevard adjacent to the eastbound platform. The station does not have ramps to allow passengers with disabilities to access trains.