OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Harshvardhan Singh Dungarpur

Harshvardhan Singh Dungarpur (born 6 June 1956) is an Indian politician. He was a Rajya Sabha member from Rajasthan belonging to the Bharatiya Janata Party.
# ISO/IEC 9075

ISO/IEC 9075 "Information technology - Database languages - SQL" is an international standard for Structured Query Language, and is considered as specifying the minimum for what a database engine should fulfill in terms of SQL syntax, which is called Core SQL. The standard also defines a number of optional features.

## History

The first edition was based on ANSI SQL.

## Editions

Chronological overview of the editions (which have the year of publication in their name):
* SQL-86 ANSI X3.135:1986
* SQL-87 ISO/IEC 9075:1987 - 1st edition, based on the ANSI standard
* SQL-89, ANSI X3.135-1989, ISO/IEC 9075:1989 - 2nd edition
* SQL-92, ANSI X3.135-1992, ISO/IEC 9075:1992 - 3rd edition
* SQL:1999, ISO/IEC 9075:1999 - 4th edition
* SQL:2003, ISO/IEC 9075:2003 - 5th edition
* SQL:2006, ISO/IEC 9075-14:2006 - (adds Part 14)
* SQL:2008, ISO/IEC 9075:2008 - 6th edition
* SQL:2011, ISO/IEC 9075:2011 - 7th edition
* SQL:2016, ISO/IEC 9075:2016 - 8th edition
* SQL:2019, ISO/IEC 9075-15:2019 - (adds Part 15)
* SQL:2023, ISO/IEC 9075:2023 - 9th edition
New editions of the ISO standard are published regularly.
# Irfan Ahmed

Irfan Ahmed (born 20 November 1989) is a Pakistani-born international cricketer who has played six One Day Internationals for Hong Kong. Playing as an all-rounder, he made his debut against Pakistan on 24 June 2008.

## Career

In January 2016, Ahmed was provisionally suspended by the International Cricket Council after a breach of their Anti-Corruption Code. In April the same year, the ICC suspended him for two years and six months, following his admission to the charge. In October 2018, he was charged with a further nine offences under the ICC Anti-Corruption Code. In August 2019, the ICC banned him for life from all forms of cricket. The majority of the offences related to matches played by Hong Kong against Canada and Scotland during the 2014 Cricket World Cup Qualifier tournament in New Zealand.
# Kuriakose Clemis

Kuriakose Mar Clemis (born 1936) is Metropolitan of Thumpamon Diocese of the Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church (transferred from Sultan Bathery). He was born 26 July 1936.

## Ordinations

He was ordained as a deacon in 1957, as a priest in 1964 and as a bishop in 1991.
# Teneriffiidae

Teneriffiidae is a family of mites in the order Trombidiformes. There are at least four genera in Teneriffiidae.

## Genera

These four genera belong to the family Teneriffiidae:
* Austroteneriffia Womersley, 1935
* Chulacarus
* Mesoteneriffia Irk, 1939
* Teneriffia Thor, 1911
# Marta Eugenia Solano Arias

Marta Eugenia Solano Arias is a Costa Rican politician, lawyer and political scientist. Solano holds a bachelor's degree in political science from the University of Costa Rica and a law degree from the same college, she also holds a master's degree in women's studies and is specialist in agrarian law. She's currently president of the ruling Citizens' Action Party.
Solano was member of the party's National Assembly, and the party's local assembly in the Montes de Oca canton, National Coordinator of the Women's Commission, member of the National Political Commission and twice participant in the two ideological congresses of the party. She has worked for the Institute for Rural Development of Costa Rica, as college professor in the National University of Costa Rica, anti-sexual harassment prosecutor in the National University, advisor for the congresswomen Marlene Madrigal Flores and Epsy Campbell Barr and advisor to MIDEPOR. She was also candidate for congress for the fifth place in San Jose's list in 2018.
# Rich Gee

Richard Raymond Gee (July 16, 1894 – January 3, 1968) was an American baseball catcher in the Negro leagues.

## Biography

Gee was born in Cleburne, Texas. He played for the minor league Abilene Eagles of the West Texas League from 1920-1922. He played for the Lincoln Giants from 1923 to 1926.

## Family life

Gee's brother, Tom Gee, also played in the Negro leagues, and was Rich's teammate with the Giants in 1925 and 1926.
# Shaw v. Hunt

Shaw v. Hunt, 517 U.S. 899 (1996), was a United States Supreme Court case concerning redistricting and racial gerrymandering. This case and its predecessor, Shaw v. Reno, concerned North Carolina's congressional redistricting plans. The Court ruled in Shaw v. Hunt that the redistricting plan violated the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment.

## Background

In Shaw v. Reno, the Supreme Court found that the complaint challenging a redistricting plan creating two unusually looking majority-minority congressional districts stated a claim for relief under the Equal Protection Clause, and thus remanded the case. The district court then held that the plan survived strict scrutiny and was constitutional. As a result, the constitutionality of this plan was brought before the Supreme Court again.

## Decision

In a 5–4 decision delivered by Justice Rehnquist, the Court held that the redistricting plan violated the Equal Protection Clause. The Court applied strict scrutiny to the plan, concluding that it was not narrowly tailored to serve a compelling state interest. The Court found that none of the three compelling interests identified by the State was sufficient to survive strict scrutiny. For the first stated "interest in eradicating the effects of past discrimination," the Court upheld the district court's finding that this interest did not bring out the use of race in the plan; for the second claimed interest of complying with Section 5 of the Voting Rights Act, the Court found that under a correct reading of the section, creating an additional majority-minority district was not required; for the third interest of avoiding liability under Section 2 of the Voting Rights Act, which prohibited dilution of minorities' voting strength, the Court found that the redistricting plan would not be able to remedy any such violation.
This decision, however, left unanswered the question of whether compliance with the Voting Rights Act would provide a compelling interest for a state to engage in racial gerrymandering.
# Bees Saal Pehle

Bees Saal Pehle is a 1972 Bollywood drama film directed by Probir Roy. The film stars Lalita Pawar.

## Cast

* Vinod Mehra
* Sarita Joshi
* Farida Jalal
* Lalita Pawar

## Music

* "Abhi To Dua Deke Bachpan Gaya Hai" (Asha Bhosle, Kishore Kumar)
* "Geet in Hothon Par Mere Aane Ko To Aa Hi Gaye" (Lata Mangeshkar)
* "Hai Re Yeh Pyaar Ki Majboori Aur Bebasi" (Lata Mangeshkar)
* "Hai Zamaana Mere Dil Pyaar Ka" (Kishore Kumar)
* "Jab Tak Yeh Raat Hai Baaki Teri Meri Baat Hai Baaki" (Ranu Mukherjee)
* "Kehte Hain Saare Hanste Nazaare Khushiyaan Lutaaye Chala Jaa" (Lata Mangeshkar)
* "Kyon Hai Deewaane Tu Akela Kahaan Gaye Tere Saathi" (Ranu Mukherjee)
* "Poochhe To Kaun Poochhe Yeh Baat Aasmaan Se" (Hemant Kumar)
# 72 Meters

72 Meters (Russian: 72 метра, romanized: 72 metra) is a 2004 Russian disaster film directed by Vladimir Khotinenko based on the short stories from the collection of stories of the same name by Alexander Pokrovsky.

## Synopsis

Officers of the Russian Navy, lieutenant-commanders Pyotr Orlov (Marat Basharov) and Ivan Muravyov (Dmitry Ulyanov) have been members of the Slavyanka submarine crew for a long time. They used to be best friends, but during their service in Sevastopol in the 1980s, they met a beautiful girl Nelly (Chulpan Khamatova) and fell in love with her at first sight. Nelly chose Ivan, and their friendship fractured.
In the early 1990s, after the dissolution of the Soviet Union and partition of the Soviet Navy, the crew of Slavyanka refused to swear allegiance to Ukraine and were transferred to the Northern Fleet. After that, life and service took their quiet routine course. During an ordinary sortie Captain Gennady Yanychar (Andrey Krasko) sets a task to conduct a torpedo attack against a maneuver enemy and take evasive action keeping undetected for 24 hours. Among the crew is civilian medical specialist Chernenko (Sergey Makovetsky).
No-one in the training center knows where the submarine would move. Unknown to the crew, an old World War II naval mine was disturbed. It slowly moved towards the submarine and explodes, sinking it. Only one compartment remains unflooded. Several crew members die in the result of the explosion, including the submarine's commander, Captain Yanychar. The submariners decide to get out though the torpedo tube, but it turns out that only one breathing apparatus is charged and can be used; the rest are empty. The crew decides that Chernenko has to be the one saved first. They instruct him how to act during resurfacing. Chernenko successfully reaches the surface and gets to ground. It remains unknown whether the crew was saved.

## Cast

* Sergei Makovetsky as physician Chernenko
* Marat Basharov as Captain-Lieutenant Pyotr Orlov
* Andrey Krasko as 1st Class Captain Gennadi Yanychar
* Dmitriy Ulyanov as Captain-Lieutenant Ivan Murav'yov
* Chulpan Khamatova as Nelly
* Stanislav Nikolski as Seaman Molodoy
* Sergey Garmash as Senior Warrant Officer Nikolai Krauz
* Vladislav Galkin as Senior Warrant Officer Mikhajlov
* Amadu Mamadakov as Sailor Mukhambetov
* Valentina Svetlova as Elena, Gennadi's wife
* Artyom Mikhalkov as Nechayev
# Galdrabók

The Galdrabók (Icelandic pronunciation:, Book of Magic) is an Icelandic grimoire dated to c. 1600. It is a small manuscript containing a collection of 47 spells and sigils/staves.
The grimoire was compiled by four people, possibly starting in the late 16th century and going on until the mid-17th century. The first three scribes were Icelanders, and the fourth was a Dane working from Icelandic material. The various spells consist of Latin and runic material as well as Icelandic magical staves, invocations to Christian entities, demons, and the Norse gods, as well as instructions for the use of herbs and magical items. Some of the spells are protective, intended to work against problems such as trouble with childbearing, headache, insomnia, previous incantations, pestilence, suffering, and distress at sea. Others are intended to cause fear, kill animals, find thieves, put someone to sleep, cause flatulence, or bewitch women.
The book was first published in 1921 by Natan Lindqvist in a diplomatic edition and with a Swedish translation. An English translation was published in 1989 by Stephen Flowers, and a facsimile edition with detailed commentary by Matthías Viðar Sæmundsson [is] in 1992. In 1995, Flowers produced a second retitled edition of his book and with the assistance of Sæmundsson corrected many translations and added many more notes and commentaries.
In 2024, a new illustrated English-Icelandic edition of the Galdrabók by Icelandic folklorist Kári Pálsson was published with the previously unpublished Jarðskinna manuscript, a small Icelandic grimoire.
# Dragondrums

Dragondrums is a young adult science fiction novel by the American-Irish author Anne McCaffrey. Published by Atheneum Books in 1979, it was the sixth to appear in the Dragonriders of Pern series by Anne or her son Todd McCaffrey.
Dragondrums completed the Harper Hall of Pern trilogy one year after The White Dragon completed the Dragonriders of Pern trilogy. Boxed and omnibus editions of both trilogies soon followed.

## Plot summary

Dragondrums is the coming of age story of Piemur, a small, quick, clever apprentice at Harper Hall. When Piemur's clear treble voice changes, his place among the Harpers is no longer certain. He is sent to the drum towers to learn drumming, the primary method of long-distance communication on Pern for non-dragonriders, while his voice settles. There he has to deal with the jealousy and bullying of the other drumming apprentices. When Masterharper Robinton secretly asks Piemur to be his apprentice, Piemur begins journeying through Pern, gathering information and running discreet errands for the Masterharper. In his adventures throughout Pern, Piemur has only his knowledge and wits to deal with a cruel Lord Holder and rogue dragonriders. He Impresses one of the coveted fire-lizards – a gold he names Farli – as a companion, discovers his place in the world, and earns journeyman status among the Harpers.
The events in Dragondrums take place after Dragonsinger and are contiguous with some events in The White Dragon, which discusses characters and events elsewhere on Pern.

## Awards

The American Library Association in 1999 cited these first six Pern books, along with The Ship Who Sang, when McCaffrey received the annual Margaret A. Edwards Award for her "lifetime contribution in writing for teens".
Dragondrums placed eighth for the annual Locus Award for Best Novel and it won the annual Balrog Award in the Novel class.
# R. G. de S. Wettimuny

Ramsay G. de Silva Wettimuny (January 26, 1925 — July 13, 1974) was a Buddhist writer.

## Writings

He was attracted to the Dhamma from his young days and, in the later stages of his life, he practically gave up wordily activities and devoted himself entirely to Dhamma.
Wettimuny was in his early time interested in science and Buddhism, which resulted in his writing the book 'Buddhism and Its Relation to Religion and Science'. Later he discovered Ven. Ñāṇavīra Thera through reading his book 'Notes on Dhamma'. Wettimuny liked Ñāṇavīra's writings because they were based in Science as known at that time—science and Buddhism. Wettimuny sent him a copy of his book, however Ñāṇavīra found a conflict in it. He had a serious criticism, and sent back a letter. Wettimuny promptly went to see Ñāṇavīra, and then changed his views on Dhamma, which had a profound effect on his later writings. Wettimuny still continued to go and meet Ñāṇavīra. Later on Wettimuny got more knowledge, and become more articulate. His last book, 'The Buddha's Teaching and the Ambiguity of Existence' (published posthumously) became one of the classics among modern Buddhist books.
His writings are not superficial; like Ñāṇavīra's, they require the reader to penetrate and reach the essential meaning of the Buddha's Teaching. His writings “cannot compared with the general run of books on Buddhism and should stand by itself with a few works which have challenged the superficial views of the Dhamma so popular today.” Moreover, his writings can be considered unorthodox among Sri Lankan Buddhists. “But it would be so regarded only by those who probably for the lack of something more adequate have accepted as orthodox some current misinterpretation of the Suttas (Discourses).” Wettimuny was also addressing primarily those who were disquieted by existentialism or existential questions, and sought a solution to the ambiguity of existence.

## Books written by Wettimuny

During this time he wrote five books on Buddhism:
* Buddhism and Its Relation to Religion and Science, (Buddhist Research Society, 1984)
* The Buddha's Teaching and the Ambiguity of Existence, (Gunasena, 1978)
* The Buddha's Teaching: Its Essential Meaning, (M. D. Gunasena, Colombo, 1969)
* The Calm After the Storm, (M. D. Gunasena, 1970)
* Nephritis in the Dog, (University of Glasgow, 1964)
* Budu dahama saha eya āgamaṭat vidyāvaṭat sama-visama vana ayuru: (Ăm. Ḍī. Guṇasēna, 1967)

## Personal life

He was educated in Ananda College. He was a Double Chartered engineer (Mechanical and Civil), married with Indrani, and had 5 boys: Sunil, Mithra, Ranjan, Sidath and Nimal. Ramsay taught his sons how to play cricket and it was totally his effort which brought Sri Lanka to the level of international cricket. Sunil and Sidath played in two world cups.
# WAGS (AM)

WAGS (1380 AM) was a radio station in Bishopville, South Carolina. Prior to shutting down, the station aired a country music format. WAGS was owned by Beaver Communications.
On March 1, 2018, WAGS went off the air, with the intent of turning in the station's license to the FCC, barring a purchase offer. The station's license was surrendered on March 7, 2019, and cancelled by FCC on March 12, 2019.
# Disordered local moment picture

The disordered local moment (DLM) picture is a method, in theoretical solid state physics, for describing the electronic structure of a magnetic material at a finite temperature, where a probability distribution of sizes and orientations of atomic magnetic moments must be considered. It was pioneered, among others, by Balázs Győrffy, Julie Staunton, Malcolm Stocks, and co-workers.
The underlying assumption of the DLM picture is similar to the Born-Oppenheimer approximation for the separation of solution of the ionic and electronic problems in a material. In the disordered local moment picture, it is assumed that 'local' magnetic moments which form around atoms are sufficiently long-lived that the electronic problem can be solved for an assumed, fixed distribution of magnetic moments. Many such distributions can then be averaged over, appropriately weighted by their probabilities, and a description of the paramagnetic state obtained. (A paramagnetic state is one where the magnetic order parameter, $\mathbf {m}$, is equal to the zero vector.)
The picture is typically based on density functional theory (DFT) calculations of the electronic structure of materials. Most frequently, DLM calculations employ either the Korringa–Kohn–Rostoker (KKR) (sometimes referred to as multiple scattering theory) or linearised muffin-tin orbital (LMTO) formulations of DFT, where the coherent potential approximation (CPA) can be used to average over multiple orientations of magnetic moment. However, the picture has also been applied in the context of supercells containing appropriate distributions of magnetic moment orientations.
Within the context of the KKR method, and in the absence of spin-orbit coupling, the CPA condition describing the paramagnetic state (where the net magnetisation is zero) can be shown to be equivalent to the CPA condition for an Ising 'alloy' of 'up' and 'down' magnetic moments. Once the effects of spin-orbit coupling are included, and magnetic moments are coupled to the crystal axes, it is formally necessary to perform a full ingtegral over all possible magnetisation directions, in practice by sampling an angular mesh of possible magnetisation directions.
Though originally developed as a means by which to describe the electronic structure of a magnetic material above its magnetic critical temperature (Curie temperature), the disordered local moment picture has since been applied in a number of other contexts. This includes precise calculation of Curie temperatures and magnetic correlation functions for transition metals, rare-earth elements, and transition metal oxides; as well as a description of the temperature dependance of magnetocrystalline anisotropy. The approach has found particular success in describing the temperature-dependence of magnetic quantities of interest in rare earth–transition metal permanent magnets, such as SmCo$_5$ and Nd$_2$Fe$_{14}$B, which are of interest for a range of energy generation and conversion technologies.
# Sangam

Sangam or Sangama (the Sanskrit word for confluence) may refer to:

## Confluence of rivers

* Sangam, any confluence of two or more rivers in Indian languages
* Triveni Sangam, the confluence of three rivers at Prayagraj: the Ganges, Yamuna and the mythical Saraswati
* Sangama or Mekedaatu, confluence of Arkawathy and Cauvery rivers in Karnataka, India

## History

* Legendary Tamil Sangams, legendary assemblies of Tamil scholars and poets in the remote past
** First Sangam
** Second Sangam
** Third Sangam
** Sangam literature, a collection of Tamil literature and the earliest period of South Indian history, when the Tamil Sangams were held
* Sangama dynasty, the first dynasty of the Vijayanagara Empire (c. 1336–1485)

## Places

* Sangam, Akhnoor, a village in Jammu and Kashmir
* Sangam, Anantnag, a village in Jammu and Kashmir
* Sangam, Nellore district, a village in Andhra Pradesh
* Sangam, Srikakulam district, a triveni sangam (triple confluence) in Andhra Pradesh
* Sangam (Warangal district), a mandal and village in Warangal district in Andhra Pradesh
* Sangama, Srirangapatna, a confluence of rivers in Karnataka
* Sangam-dong, a neighbourhood of Mapo-gu, Seoul, South Korea
* Sangam Stadium, the Seoul World Cup Stadium

## Education

* Sangam World Girl Guide/Girl Scout Center, located in Pune, Maharashtra, India

## Film and music

* Sangam (1964 Hindi film), an Indian Hindi-language romantic drama film by Raj Kapoor, starring Kapoor, Vyjayantimala and Rajendra Kumar
* Sangam (1964 Urdu film), a 1964 Pakistani Urdu feature film
* Sangam (1997 film), a 1997 Pakistani film by Syed Noor
* Sangama (film), a 2008 Indian Kannada-language film starring Ganesh and Vedhika
* Sangam: Michael Nyman Meets Indian Masters a 2003 album by Michael Nyman and U. Srinivas
* Sangam (Charles Lloyd album), a 2004 jazz album by Charles Lloyd, with Zakir Hussain and Eric Harland
* Sangam (Trygve Seim album), 2004

## Other uses

* Sangama (human rights group), an LGBT rights group in India
# F (AC Transit)

The F is a bus service operated by AC Transit in the San Francisco Bay Area. It is one of the operator's many transbay routes, which are intended to provide riders a long-distance service across the San Francisco Bay between the East Bay and San Francisco. The service is descendant of the foundational Key System streetcar and ferry line that operated prior to the formation of AC Transit.

## History

Business interests controlled by Francis Marion "Borax" Smith obtained a franchise to run streetcars on Shattuck and Adeline streets by June 1902, seeking to directly compete the parallel Southern Pacific Berkeley Branch Railroad. The line opened for traffic on October 26 the following year complete with a ferry connection to San Francisco. The service was very successful, with the number of scheduled trains doubling within the first month of operation. Key System cars began sharing trackage along Shattuck with the Southern Pacific starting in 1930, though Adeline trains were discontinued past Alcatraz Avenue after March 31, 1933.
vteF Line (Key System) :
Legend :
1903–1958 :
Cars began running across the San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridge to the Transbay Terminal upon the facility's opening in 1939. The Key System adopted letter designations for its transbay routes at this time, with the Berkeley route designated as F and rollsigns reading Berkeley via Shattuck Avenue. The line was extended over former Interurban Electric Railway trackage to Hopkins and Sutter Streets (the stop formerly called Northbrae) to the Northbrae Tunnel beginning August 6, 1941, reestablishing service to downtown Berkeley. Service was extended through the tunnel to a new terminal at Solano Avenue and The Alameda on December 6, 1942. The five-car train necessary for rush hour services was locally referred to as the City of Berkeley (a reference to mainline transcontinental rail services in operation at the time). Rail service ended after April 20, 1958, and motor coaches began operating on the line.

### Public ownership

AC Transit took over operation of the Key system's assets in October 1960. By then, the F's route had been established to run on Market Street in Oakland. In September 1961, service was extended down Solano Avenue for evening and Saturday runs, a move which was further applied to all trips starting in 1970. In 1973, some trips were extended slightly further down San Pablo to Buchanan, similarly applied to all service in 1975.
Buses ceased serving the Transbay Terminal on August 7, 2010, and the San Francisco terminus was moved to the Temporary Transbay Terminal. The F line began running to the Salesforce Transit Center on August 12, 2018.