# EMD GP40

The EMD GP40 is a 4-axle diesel-electric locomotive built by General Motors' Electro-Motive Division between November 1965 and December 1971. It has an EMD 645E3 16-cylinder engine generating 3,000 hp (2,240 kW).
The GP40 is 3 feet (0.914 m) longer than its EMD 567D3A-engined predecessor, the GP35, and distinguished visually by its three 48-inch radiator fans at the rear of the long hood, while the GP35 has two large fans and a smaller one in between. It was built on a 55 ft (16.76 m) frame; the GP35 was built on a 52 ft (15.85 m) frame - as was the GP7, 9, 18, and 30. The difference in length can be seen in the GP40's ten handrail stanchions compared to the GP35's nine.
1,187 GP40s were built for 28 U.S. railroads; 16 were built for one Canadian carrier, Canadian National; and 18 were built for two Mexican carriers, Ferrocarril Chihuahua al Pacífico and Ferrocarriles Nacionales de México. 60 units were built with high-short-hoods and dual control stands for Norfolk & Western Railway. Two passenger versions, the GP40P and GP40TC, were also built, but on longer frames to accommodate steam generators and HEP equipment.
On January 1, 1972, the GP40 was discontinued and replaced by the GP40-2, which has a modular electrical system and a few minor exterior changes.

## Images

* A Dakota, Minnesota and Eastern Railroad GP40 running long hood forward
* A GP40 of Union Pacific Railroad heritage, now owned by Webb Asset Management
* A GP40 owned by Helm Locomotive Leasing
* A GP40 owned by Larry's Truck & Electric (LTEX)
* Ex-Burlington Northern GP40M no. 3004 at Lincoln, Nebraska in 2011

## Original owners

| Railroad | Quantity | Road Numbers | Notes |
| Atlanta and West Point Railroad | 7 | 726-732 | |
| Atlantic Coast Line Railroad | 15 | 915-929 | To Seaboard Coast Line 1500-1514 |
| Baltimore and Ohio Railroad | 161 | 3684-3779, 4000-4064 | |
| Chesapeake and Ohio Railway | 50 | 3780-3794, 4065-4099 | 3794 was the last GP40 built |
| Ferrocarril Chihuahua al Pacífico | 18 | 1000-1007 | |
| Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad | 40 | 170-189, 620-639 | |
| Canadian National Railway | 16 | 4002-4017 | Built by General Motors Diesel (GMD) for use in Canada |
| De Queen and Eastern Railroad | 1 | D-7 | |
| Denver and Rio Grande Western Railroad | 43 | 3051-3093 | |
| Detroit, Toledo and Ironton Railroad | 6 | 400-405 | |
| Florida East Coast Railway | 10 | 401-410 | |
| Georgia Railroad and Banking Company | 4 | 751-754 | |
| Illinois Central Railroad | 75 | 3000-3074 | |
| Louisville and Nashville Railroad | 30 | 3000-3029 | |
| Milwaukee Road | 72 | 153-199, 2047-2071 | 2068-2071 were EMD warranty loaners |
| Missouri–Kansas–Texas Railroad | 61 | 170-230 | |
| Norfolk and Western Railway | 60 | 1329-1388 | High-nose |
| Ferrocarriles Nacionales de México | 10 | 8400-8409 | |
| New York Central Railroad | 105 | 3000-3104 | 3036 was the first GP40 built. To Penn Central. |
| Penn Central Transportation Company | 170 | 3105-3274 | 3260-3274 were EMD warranty loaners |
| Richmond, Fredericksburg and Potomac Railroad | 7 | 121-127 | |
| Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific Railroad | 77 | 340-396, 4700-4719 | Financed by Union Pacific, because of the proposed UP-RI merger |
| Seaboard Air Line Railroad | 51 | 600-650 | To Seaboard Coast Line 1515-1565 |
| Seaboard Coast Line Railroad | 70 | 1566-1635 | |
| Soo Line Railroad | 4 | 732-735 | |
| St. Louis Southwestern Railway (Cotton Belt) | 8 | 7600-7607 | |
| Texas, Oklahoma and Eastern Railroad | 3 | D-12 - D-14 | |
| Toledo, Peoria and Western Railway | 1 | 1000 | Ex-EMD warranty loaner |
| Western Railway of Alabama | 7 | 701-707 | |
| Western Maryland Railway | 5 | 3795-3799 | |
| Western Pacific Railroad | 44 | 3501-3544 | 3501-3516 built with large Pyle single headlight |
| Totals | 1,221 | | |

## Rebuilds
### GP40N

Union Pacific has rebuilt 129 of their GP40's and GP40-2's into GP40N's at their Jenk's shop. These units received a microprocessor control system to increase adhesion, control options, and extend the life of the locomotive.

### GP22ECO

The GP22ECO is a locomotive built from recycled GP40/GP40-2 parts. The frame, trucks, and carbody are refurbished, while the 16-645 engine is replaced with a new 8-710-ECO engine. The electrical system is replaced with a modern microprocessor-based system. Horsepower is reduced to 2,150 due to the smaller engine.

## Preservation

* Baltimore & Ohio #3684 is preserved at the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad Museum in Baltimore, Maryland.
* Penn Central #3118 (ex-Conrail, ex-DRGW) was purchased by the Austin Steam Train Association in 2024. The locomotive is currently in its Horizon Rail livery and numbered 3134. The engine has also been updated with a microprocessor, making it a GP40-3.