OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# George Henry Kendrick Thwaites

George Henry Kendrick Thwaites CMG FRS FLS (9 July 1812, Bristol – 11 September 1882, Kandy) was an English botanist and entomologist.

## Career

Thwaites was initially an accountant and studied botany during his spare time. He was interested particularly in the lower plants such as the algae and the cryptogams. He became a recognised botanist when he showed that the diatoms are not animals, but algae. In 1846 he was lecturer on botany at the Bristol school of pharmacy and afterwards at the medical school. In March 1849, on the death of George Gardner, Thwaites was appointed superintendent of the botanical gardens at Peradeniya, Ceylon. A position he held for thirty years, until he resigned in 1879.
He was made a Fellow of the Royal Society on 1 June 1865 following the publication of his Enumeratio Plantarum Zeylaniæ, – (five fasciculi 1859–64). His notes form the most valuable portion of Frederic Moore's Lepidoptera of Ceylon (3 vols 1880–1889). He established the Cinchona nurseries, Hakgala, Ceylon and was in the board of directors of the Alfred Model Farm Experimental Station that later became the Royal Colombo Golf Course.

## Legacy

The flowering plant genus Kendrickia (from India and Sri Lanka), and the spider genus Thwaitesia are named after him.
Also, a species of Sri Lankan lizard, Chalcidoseps thwaitesi, and a butterfly Tapena thwaitesi, are named in his honor.
Specimens collected by Thwaites are cared for at multiple institutions, including the Natural History Museum, London, Plantentuin Meise, the National Herbarium of Victoria, Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria, and Kew Herbarium.
# 1916 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships

The 1916 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships were organized by the Amateur Athletic Union (AAU) and served as the national championships in indoor track and field for the United States.
The men's championships were held at the 22nd Regiment Armory in New York City, New York, and they took place March 18. Women's championships were not officially held until 1927.
The two-mile walk was considered the feature of the competition, and it was won in a new world record time of 13:37.

## Medal summary
### Men

| Event | Gold | Gold | Silver |
| 60 yards | Jo Loomis | 6.4 | |
| 300 yards | Andrew Kelly | 32.4 | |
| 600 yards | William Bingham | 1:14.8 | |
| 1000 yards | John Overton | 2:15.4 | |
| 2 miles | Joie Ray | 9:25.8 | |
| 70 yards hurdles | John Eller | 9.6 | |
| High jump | Jo Loomis | 1.85 m | |
| Standing high jump | William Taylor | 5 ft 3 in (1.6 m) | |
| Standing long jump | Platt Adams | 3.22 m | |
| Triple jump | Daniel Ahearn | 46 ft 103⁄4 in (14.29 m) | |
| Shot put | Patrick McDonald | 14.19 m | |
| 2 miles walk | George Goulding (CAN) | 13:37.0 | Edward Renz |
# Monte Pulito

Monte Pulito is a curazia of San Marino, in the castello of Faetano.

## History

During the Second World War, between 17 and 20 of September 1944, the hill around Monte Pulito was the site of a battle between the 4th Indian Division (British India) and the 278th Infantry Division (Nazi Germany). The engagement is known as "Battle of San Marino" or "Battle of Monte Pulito".

## Geography

Monte Pulito is located under the same named hill, on the road between Faetano and the city of San Marino.
# Demon of Paradise

Demon of Paradise is a 1987 horror film shot in the Philippines and directed by Cirio H. Santiago.

## Plot

The film is set in Hawaii and features fire-twirling women who participate in rituals to appease the awakened monster. The hunters become the prey when illegal dynamite fishing prematurely ends the hibernation of a mythological beast known as Akua which lives in the lake. The owner of the local resort, whose patrons have become the prey of the monster, and a woman herpetologist join forces with the sheriff to save the tourists from succumbing to the fury of the beast.

## Cast

* Kathryn Witt as Annie
* William Steis as Keefer
* Laura Banks as Cahill
* Frederick Bailey as Ike
* Leslie Scarborough as Gabby
* Henry Strzalkowski as Shelton
* Nick Nicholson as Langley
* Liza Baumann as Luisa
* David Light as Snake

## Release

The film was released on VHS by Warner Home Video in the 1990s. It was later released on DVD and Blu-ray by Shout! Factory in 2011 as a double feature alongside the similar Up From the Depths.

## Reception

Paul Ryan from Digital Retribution, who had previously given the film's predecessor Up from the Depths a negative review, gave this film a more positive review stating, "Better made and directed than its predecessor, Demon of Paradise is, while entirely unmemorable, at least easier to sit through."
# Rural Municipality of Whitemouth

The Rural Municipality of Whitemouth is a rural municipality (RM) located in southeastern Manitoba.
The community of Whitemouth is located in the municipality, which also contains the Whitemouth Bog Ecological Reserve [fr], and small parts of Manitoba's Agassiz Provincial Forest (in its southwest quadrant) and Whiteshell Provincial Forest (in its northeast corner).

## Communities

* Darwin
* Elma
* River Hills
* Seven Sisters Falls
* Whitemouth

## Demographics

In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Whitemouth had a population of 1,630 living in 631 of its 780 total private dwellings, a change of 4.7% from its 2016 population of 1,557. With a land area of 697.35 km$^2$ (269.25 sq mi), it had a population density of 2.3/km$^2$ (6.1/sq mi) in 2021.
# 1943 South American Basketball Championship

The 1943 South American Basketball Championship was the 11th edition of regional tournament. It was held in Lima, Peru and won by the Argentina national basketball team. 6 teams, including Bolivia in their first appearance, competed despite the World War that was currently under way.

## Final rankings

* Argentina
* Uruguay
* Peru
* Chile
* Paraguay
* Bolivia

## Results
### Preliminary round

Each team played the other five teams once, for a total of five games played by each team and 15 overall in the preliminary round. Placing in the top four qualified a team to move on to the final round.
| Rank | Team | Pts | W | L | PF | PA | Diff |
| 1 | Peru | 10 | 5 | 0 | 205 | 134 | +71 |
| 2 | Uruguay | 9 | 4 | 1 | 223 | 117 | +106 |
| 3 | Chile | 8 | 3 | 2 | 222 | 166 | +56 |
| 4 | Argentina | 7 | 2 | 3 | 204 | 154 | +50 |
| 5 | Paraguay | 6 | 1 | 4 | 121 | 292 | -171 |
| 6 | Bolivia | 5 | 0 | 5 | 137 | 249 | -112 |
| Peru | 23 - 21 | Uruguay |
| Peru | 38 - 37 | Chile |
| Peru | 42 - 32 | Argentina |
| Peru | 66 - 22 | Paraguay |
| Peru | 36 - 22 | Bolivia |
| Uruguay | 39 - 33 | Chile |
| Uruguay | 30 - 24 | Argentina |
| Uruguay | 72 - 15 | Paraguay |
| Uruguay | 61 - 22 | Bolivia |
| Chile | 40 - 27 | Argentina |
| Chile | 56 - 23 | Paraguay |
| Chile | 56 - 39 | Bolivia |
| Argentina | 66 - 20 | Paraguay |
| Argentina | 55 - 22 | Bolivia |
| Paraguay | 41 - 32 | Bolivia |

### Final round

The top four teams advanced to the final round, where they played each of the other three once. Only the results from this round were used to determine final placing for the top four.
| Rank | Team | Pts | W | L | PF | PA | Diff |
| 1 | Argentina | 6 | 3 | 0 | 106 | 79 | +27 |
| 2 | Uruguay | 5 | 2 | 1 | 102 | 82 | +20 |
| 3 | Peru | 4 | 1 | 2 | 90 | 84 | +6 |
| 4 | Chile | 3 | 0 | 3 | 77 | 130 | -53 |
| Argentina | 32 - 29 | Uruguay |
| Argentina | 34 - 23 | Peru |
| Argentina | 40 - 27 | Chile |
| Uruguay | 66 - 22 | Peru |
| Uruguay | 46 - 27 | Chile |
| Peru | 44 - 23 | Chile |
Argentina line-up: Candido Arrua (Santa Fe), Jose Alberto Beltran (Capital Federal), Carlos Jensen Buhl (Capital Federal), Julio Carrasco (Santa Fe), Gustavo Chazarreta (Stgo del Estero), Mario Jimenez (Stgo del Estero), Rafael Lledo (Stgo del Estero), Italo Malvicini (Santa Fe), Marcelino Ojeda (Corrientes), Hector Romagnolo (Capital Federal), Carlos Sanchez (Stgo del Estero), Oscar Serena (Santa Fe). Coach: Saul Ramirez Manfredi.
# Ernst Stöhr

Ernst Stöhr (1 November 1860, Sankt Pölten – 17 June 1917, Sankt Pölten) was an Austrian painter, graphic artist, writer and amateur musician; one of the founding members of the Vienna Secession.

## Biography

His father, Karl (1825–1909), was a violin maker and his uncle, Ludwig Stöhr (1836–1902), who lived with his family, was a music teacher, composer and Director of the Sankt Pölten Musikvereins. As a child, he showed an aptitude for painting, poetry and music and was uncertain which one to pursue.
He eventually chose painting and began his studies in 1877, at the University of Applied Arts Vienna. His multiple talents made him a popular guest in local society. He was displeased with the stiffly formal training at the University, however, and in 1879, switched to the Academy of Fine Arts, where he studied with Carl Rudolf Huber [de] and August Eisenmenger.
Once again, he found himself at odds with his teachers, who were too wedded to the Romantic style. He persevered until 1887, when he began travelling between Sankt Pölten, Melk and Wochein, where his cousin, Friederike, ran a hotel. Eventually, financial problems forced him to return to Vienna.
In 1895, he organized a successful exhibition of works by the recently deceased Theodor von Hörmann, an early critic of the Academy. The following year, he became a member of the Künstlerhaus Wien. There, he joined the circle of young artists known as "Die Jungen", centered around Gustav Klimt. In 1897, he and seventeen other artists left the Künstlerhaus to form the Vienna Secession. Over the years, he was a regular contributor to Ver Sacrum, the group's official publication.

### Later career and the loss of his family

In 1898, he married Friederike and opened a studio in Wochien. That same year, he designed the façade for a house his brother Hermann (a doctor) was building in Sankt Pölten; now preserved as the Stöhr-Haus. Later, he bought his own printing press to experiment with printing techniques. The 12th issue of Ver Sacrum was entirely his work. In 1902, he wrote the preface for the catalog accompanying the Secession's "Beethovenausstellung (1902) [de]". During this time, he was invited to become a guest member of the Hagenbund.
Shortly after that exhibition, his beloved uncle, Ludwig, died and he went through a period of severe depression. In 1904, his mother became seriously ill and he returned to Sankt Pölten to help care for her. After she died, his father suffered through a long illness and died in 1909. Both events were followed by worsening episodes of depression, prompting him to seek relief in religion and philosophy.
In 1915, Italy entered World War I, which placed Wochein within the war zone. His paintings, always rather melancholy, began to reflect his increasing despair; dealing largely with hopeless situations and death. In early 1917, he was taken to a hospital in Tulln an der Donau, but was released in a few weeks. Upon his release, he returned to Sankt Pölten, went to the family home, and hanged himself in the kitchen.

## Selected works

* An Elderly Couple at Home
* Reclining Nude by a Window
* The Stroller
* Vampire, from Ver Sacrum
# List of airlines of Mexico

This is a list of airlines of Mexico. The airline industry in Mexico began in 1921 with Compañía Mexicana de Transportación Aérea in Mexico City. Later known as Mexicana de Aviación, it was the world's 4th oldest airline, and ceased operations on August 28, 2010. And is set to resume operations late 2023.
Aeroméxico is currently Mexico's largest airline.

## List

| Airline | IATA | ICAO | Callsign | Commenced operations | Notes |
| Aéreo Servicio Guerrero | | GUE | AERO NUEVO | 1997 | |
| Aero Pacífico | | | AEROPACIFICO | 2000 | |
| Aero Owen | | OWN | OWEN | 2014 | 2017 |
| Aerodan | | ROD | AERODAN | 1994 | |
| Aerodavinci | | DVI | AERO DAVINCI | 1997 | |
| Aerolíneas Ejecutivas | | LET | MEXALE | 1980 | |
| Aeromaan | | ERM | EOMAAN | 2002 | |
| Aeroméxico | AM | AMX | AEROMEXICO | 1934 | |
| Aeroméxico Connect | 5D | SLI | COSTERA | 1988 | Subsidiary of Aeroméxico |
| Aeroméxico Cargo | QO | | | 1989 | Subsidiary of Aeroméxico |
| Aeronaves TSM | | VTM | AERONAVES TSM | 1995 | |
| AeroUnion | 6R | TNO | AEROUNION | 1998 | |
| Aerus | ZV | RFD | RAFILHER | 2022 | |
| Aviesa | | | | 1986 | |
| Avioquintana | | AQT | AVIOQUINTANA | 1997 | |
| Awesome Cargo | | | | 2023 | Not in service as of 2024. |
| AX Transporter | | AXT | AX TRANSPORTER | 2013 | |
| Calafia Airlines | A7 | CFV | CALAFIA | 1993 | |
| Estafeta Carga Aérea | E7 | ESF | ESTAFETA | 2000 | |
| Eurus Aviation | | EUS | EURUS | 2019 | |
| First Jet | | FJA | FIRSTJET | 2013 | |
| FlyMex | | NTG | FLYMEX | 2004 | Previously named VuelaMex |
| Magnicharters | UJ | GMT | GRUPOMONTERREY | 1994 | |
| MasAir | M7 | MAA | MAS CARGA | 1992 | |
| MAYAir | 5G | MYI | MAYAIR | 1994 | |
| Mexicana de Aviación | XN | MXA | MEXICANA | 2023 | |
| TAR Aerolineas | YQ | LCT | TAR | 2012 | |
| Transpais Aereo | | TPM | TRANSPAIS | 2014 | |
| TUM AeroCarga | T2 | MCS | CARMEX | 2015 | Previously named MCS AeroCarga |
| Viva | VB | VIV | VIVA | 2006 | |
| Volaris | Y4 | VOI | VOLARIS | 2004 | |
# Edmund Zieliński

Edmund Roman Zieliński (24 November 1909 – 8 December 1992) was a Polish ice hockey player. He played for AZS Poznań during his career, winning the 1934 Polish league championship. He also played for the Polish national team at the 1936 Winter Olympics, and the 1935 World Championship.
# Alapadna

Alapadna is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae. The genus was erected by Alfred Jefferis Turner in 1902.

## Species

* Alapadna micropis Hampson, 1926
* Alapadna pauropis Turner, 1902
# Holy Ghost (bar)

Holy Ghost is a bar in Portland, Oregon, United States. The business opened southeast Portland's Creston-Kenilworth neighborhood in November 2021.

## Description

The bar Holy Ghost operates at the intersection of Gladstone Street and 28th Avenue in southeast Portland's Creston-Kenilworth neighborhood. The family-friendly business is named after a song by the American funk group Bar-Kays. The interior has a marble bar and buble tea shakers nicknamed Jake the Shake Roberts and Shake Gyllenhaal.
Among cocktails on the mezcal and tequila-focused drink menu is a ranch water with infused tequila, a mezcal old fashioned with Cazadores Reposado, and an Altos Plata Aperol spritz. Holy Ghost also serves a drink with bubblegum-infused vodka. The bar has a 400-bottle agave collection and also serves beer, wine (including sparkling varieties), and low-ABV and non-alcoholic drinks made with drinking vinegars, Seedlip, and syrups. One mocktail has gin, ginger, hibiscus, and raspberry, and another is a whiskey chai.
Holy Ghost also has an Agave Social Club, offering regular tastings.

## History

The group Three on a Match opened Holy Ghost in mid November 2021, in the building that previously housed the dive bar Pub at the End of the Universe. Holy Ghost opened alongside the pizzeria The Electric Pizza Company (or simply The Electric) and the restaurant 28 Tigers in the same building. Prior to opening, Holy Ghost was among Portland bars committed to enforcing proof of COVID-19 vaccinations.
Three on a Match planned and prepared for the bar's opening for approximately four years; according to one owner, the concept began as "a napkin with a crude sketch of a bar and a whole load of memories—albeit extremely hazy—of time we spent at the Pub at the End of the Universe". Holy Ghost underwent a remodel before opening. Ezra Caraeff's cocktail menu was inspired by a nearby agave plant.
In 2023, Holy Ghost and other Three on a Match establishments supported teachers during the Portland Association of Teachers strike. The businesses offered free drinks to teachers and an option for patrons to buy drinks for teachers. Holy Ghost and Three on a Match businesses have also bingo events by drag performer Peachy Springs.

## Reception

Katherine Chew Hamilton recommended Holy Ghost in Portland Monthly's 2023 overview of eleven bars with non-alcoholic drinks. Holy Ghost won in the Best Bar for Mocktails category of Willamette Week's annual Best of Portland readers' poll in 2024.
# Colbún

Colbún (Mapudungun: "Cleaning of the land") is a Chilean town and commune in Linares Province, Maule Region. The commune has a population of over 17,000 inhabitants and covers an area of 2,900 km$^2$ (1,120 sq mi), making it the province's largest. Its capital, the town of Colbún, has 3,679 inhabitants (2002 census). It is 7 km (4 mi) west of the center of continental Chile.

## Demographics

According to the 2002 census of the National Statistics Institute, Colbún spans an area of 2,899.9 km$^2$ (1,120 sq mi) and has 17,619 inhabitants (8,943 men and 8,676 women). Of these, 5,152 (29.2%) lived in urban areas and 12,467 (70.8%) in rural areas. The population grew by 3.9% (669 persons) between the 1992 and 2002 censuses.

## Geography

The Colbún commune is bordered on the west by Yerbas Buenas; on the southwest by Linares and Longaví; on the north by San Clemente, (Talca Province); on the east and southeast, by Argentina, and on the south, by Parral and San Fabián; the latter in Ñuble Region. The municipality of Colbún occupies the easternmost strip of the Province of Linares, which boasts some of the highest provincial peaks and the headwaters of several provincial rivers.

## Foundation and Historical facts

The municipality of Colbún was officially founded December 30, 1927. Prior to that date the municipality was called Panimávida and had its headquarters in that town. The municipality of Panimávida had been founded May 6, 1906.
From 1913 to 1954 Colbún was the terminus of the narrow gauge Putagán—Colbún railway originating in the city of Linares.

## Administration

Colbún is administered by Mayor Pedro Pablo Muñoz (Independent), who has been elected for the period 2021-2024, and the Municipal Council is composed of:
* Ángel Cárter Ramos
* Italo Sepúlveda Oses
* José Olivares Quiroz
* Renato Hernández
* Janette Molina
* Jorge Dedes Franco
Within the electoral divisions of Chile, Colbún is represented in the Chamber of Deputies by Jorge Tarud (PDC) and Romilio Gutiérrez (UDI) as part of the 39th electoral district, together with Linares, San Javier, Villa Alegre and Yerbas Buenas. The commune is represented in the Senate by Hernán Larraín (UDI) and Ximena Rincón González (PDC) as part of the 11th senatorial constituency (Maule-South).

## Attractions

In the vicinity of Colbún there are two well-known Chilean spas: the "Termas de Quinamávida" and the "Termas de Panimávida". In addition, the municipality concentrates the hydroelectric industry of the province, with the important power stations of Colbún and Machicura. The Colbún dam lake is a centre for recreation and water sports although these are highly dependent on water levels, which tend to be erratic.

## Local customs
### Crafts

Near Panimávida lies the village of Rari, famous for its unique crafts made of horse hair.
# Nakia (name)

Nakia is an unisex given name of multiple origins and meanings. Arabic meaning: "pure". Not many baby naming sites point out other origins of the name. They also neglect to inform of any other pronunciation the name has.
Pronunciation (includes, but are not limited to): Nah-k-ee-ah (the commonly seen), Nay-k-ee-ah, Ni-k-ee-yah, Nuh-k-EYE-yuh/Nah-k-EYE-ah, Nek~ean, etc.

## People named Nakia
### Males

* Nakia, American musician, singer-songwriter and actor, born Nakia Reynoso
* Nakia Codie, American football player
* Nakia Coleman, American rapper better known as Kia Shine
* Nakia Griffin-Stewart, American football player
* Nakia Jenkins, American former football player

### Females

* Nakia Burrise, African American actress and director
* Nakia Sanford, American basketball center
* Nakia D. Johnson, American author

### Fictional characters

* Nakia (comics), a Black Panther supporting character in Marvel Comics
* Deputy Nakia Parker, in 1974 US TV series Nakia
* Queen Nakia, the villain in the Red River (manga)
# The Bloody Vultures of Alaska

The Bloody Vultures of Alaska (German: Die blutigen Geier von Alaska) is a 1973 German Western film directed by Harald Reinl and starring Doug McClure, Harald Leipnitz and Angelica Ott. It was made as a co-production between West Germany and Yugoslavia. The film's sets were designed by the art director Željko Senečić. Location shooting took place around Dachstein in Austria and the Plitvice Lakes and Dubrovnik in Yugoslavia. It is set in Alaska during the Klondike Gold Rush.

## Cast

* Doug McClure as Don Rutland
* Harald Leipnitz as Mark Monty
* Angelica Ott as Betty
* Roberto Blanco as Ham-A-Ham
* Kristina Nel as Rose Cotton
* Klaus Löwitsch as Lapporte
* Kurt Bülau as Sanders
* Ivan Štimac as Billy Sanders
* Miha Baloh as Buffins
* Fahro Konjhodžić
* Branko Špoljar as Doc
* Vladimir Krstulović
* Mirko Boman as Shat
* Ilija Ivezić as Frank Fox
* Voyo Goric as Achua-hua
* Heinz Reincke as Capt'n Brandy
# Dharam Yudh Morcha (film)

Dharam Yudh Morcha is a 2016 Indian Punjabi-language semidocumentary film directed by Naresh S. Garg about the Dharam Yudh Morcha a Sikh movement in the Indian state of Punjab, chronicling the history of Punjab from 1947 to 1984 including the Punjabi Suba movement (to create a province for Punjabi speakers), the Anandpur Sahib Resolution and the insurgency in Punjab.
It is based on two-hundred plus eyewitness accounts and official documents with the information gathering and research for the film taking almost three years to compile and execute into a story and screenplay which was finished in July 2015.
The story was written by Karamjit Singh Batth and stars Raj Kakra and Karamjit Singh Batth in the lead, with Nitu Pandher, Shakku Rana, Amritpal Singh, Malkeet Rauni, Victor John, Sunny Gill, Sarabjit Purewal and Rajwinder Samrala in supporting roles. It was filmed on location in India, primarily in a village around Anandpur Sahib, as well as around the Golden Temple Amritsar, Moga and Mohali. The film was banned in India.

## Plot

The film depicts the story of Satnam Singh, who is a survivor of Operation Blue Star. His grandson finds a picture of young Satnam Singh and questions him about his past life. The story revolves around the era when Satnam Singh was a young man and he tells his grandson about being involved in the Punjabi Suba movement and the Dharam Yudh Morcha, as well as the escalation from peaceful protest to the violence which ensued when the Indian government, viewing the movement as secessionist, moved against the protestors with military force.
Historical events and topics featured in the film include The River Water Dispute, the Anandpur Sahib Resolution, the 1978 Sikh–Nirankari clash, the Dharam Yudh Morcha, the arrest of over thirty thousand Sikhs in two-and-a-half months in 1982, the life of Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale, and Operation Blue Star.

## Cast

* Raj Kakra as Surinder Singh Sodhi
* Nitu Pandher
* Shakku Rana as Surinder Shinda
* Amritpal Singh Billa as Gurnam Singh
* Malkeet Rauni as Prakash Singh Badal
* Karamjit Singh Batth
* Victor John
* Sunny Gill
* Sarabjit Purewal as Gurcharan Singh Tohra
* Rajwinder Samrala

## Production
### Development

The script was completed in July 2015 after 3 years of extensive research into the events surrounding the Dharam Yudh Morcha movement, (from which the film takes its name), and the violent clashes between the Indian Government's military forces and Sikh protestors, who were viewed as a secessionist threat. It is a true story, based on historical research and eyewitness accounts from more than 200 witnesses.

### Filming

The movie was filmed from late 2015 to early 2016 in India. Initially, filming was done in a village around Anandpur Sahib, however, when Shiv Sena protested against the production, filming was completed around the golden temple Amritsar, Village mehta, Village Rode (Moga), around Mohali (Punjab).

### Music

The music for the movie was created by Anu Manu, with the background score by Beat Minister.

## Release

The movie was released on 16 September 2016.