OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Anglo-Spanish War (1727–1729)

The Anglo-Spanish War of 1727–1729 was a limited war that took place between Great Britain and Spain during the late 1720s, and consisted of a failed Spanish attempt to capture Gibraltar and an unsuccessful British Blockade of Porto Bello with a high British death toll. It eventually ended with a return to the previous status quo ante bellum following the Treaty of Seville.

## Background

During the War of the Spanish Succession, Spain lost Gibraltar to an Anglo-Dutch fleet and when the war finished in 1714, Spain was forced to accept the loss of Gibraltar in the Treaty of Utrecht, but it was a long-term goal of Spain to recover both Gibraltar and the island of Menorca from the British.
After the Treaty of Vienna in 1725, Spain had the support of Austria and thought the time to be right to try to recapture Gibraltar. In reaction, Britain signed the Treaty of Hanover with France and Prussia.
Some historians put the beginning of the war in 1726, the year in which the Anglo-Spanish relation was already very tense. A British fleet was sent to the Spanish West Indies to disturb Spanish shipping without actually starting a war.

## Action
### Porto Bello

Britain had tried to use its naval power early in the dispute, by blockading Porto Bello in Panama but the attempt proved a disaster, in which 4,000 men were lost to disease. The main objective of the blockade had been to prevent Spanish galleons leaving and sailing for Spain, but the blockade failed to accomplish this - and eventually withdrew.

### Siege of Gibraltar

On 11 February 1727 Spain, under command of the Marquis de las Torres and supervision of Chief Engineer of the Spanish Royal Engineer Corps Marquis of Verboom, laid siege to the city (Thirteenth Siege of Gibraltar). Depending on the sources, Spanish troops were between 12,000 and 25,000. British defenders were 1,500 at the beginning of the siege, increasing up to about 5,000 by troops brought from overseas by a fleet commanded by Charles Wager.
After a four-month siege, with several unsuccessful and costly attempts, Spanish troops gave up and retired on 12 June. Spain had lost over 1,400 men while the British had suffered around 300 casualties.
The Spanish had expected material help from the Austrians promised under the Treaty of Vienna, but they received little. They had been outmaneuvered by British diplomats, who had concluded a secret deal with the Austrians to prevent them intervening.

## Peace

No more hostilities took place and a truce was declared in February 1728, with a preliminary agreement of issues at the March Convention of El Pardo and the Congress of Soissons. The final peace, that confirmed the status-quo, was concluded in the 1729 Treaty of Seville. Many of the outstanding issues between the two states had not been resolved, and a decade later the War of Jenkins' Ear broke out between them. Britain emerged from the conflict by forming a very strong alliance with Austria, that lasted until 1756.
# As One (The Bar-Kays album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
As One is an album by the Memphis, Tennessee funk band the Bar-Kays released on Mercury Records in November 1980. The album reached number six on the Billboard Soul Albums chart.

## Track listing

* "Boogie Body Land" 5:49
* "Say It Through Love" 3:54
* "Work It Out" 4:30
* "Body Fever" 4:10
* "As One" 4:26
* "Take the Time to Love Somebody" 4:09
* "Open Your Heart" 4:12
* "Deliver Us" 4:53

## Charts

| Chart (1981) | Peak position |
| US Billboard 200 | 57 |
| US Billboard Top Soul Albums | 6 |

### Singles

| Year | Single | Chart positions | Chart positions |
| Year | Single | US R&B | US Dance |
| 1981 | "Body Fever" | 42 | - |
| 1981 | "Boogie Body Land" | 7 | 73 |
# Disappointment Peak (California)

Disappointment Peak is a 13,917-foot-elevation (4,242-meter) summit located on the shared boundary of Fresno County and Inyo County in California, United States.

## Description

The peak is set on the crest of the Sierra Nevada mountain range in the Palisades area. It also straddles the border shared by Kings Canyon National Park and John Muir Wilderness. It is situated 0.2 miles (0.32 km) southeast of line parent Middle Palisade, and 1.2 miles (1.9 km) west of The Thumb. Topographic relief is significant as the summit rises 3,300 feet (1,000 meters) above Palisades Lakes in approximately one mile. Precipitation runoff from this mountain drains north to Big Pine Creek, as well as south and west into Palisade Creek which is a tributary of the Middle Fork Kings River. The John Muir Trail, which passes below the south base of the peak, provides an approach option.

## History

The first ascent of the summit was made July 20, 1919, by J. M. Davies, A. L. Jordan, and H. H. Bliss via the Southwest Chute, and the Northeast Couloir was first climbed by Norman Clyde on June 20, 1930. The West Face (class 5.10) was first climbed in September 1986 by Galen Rowell and Dan Frankl. This mountain's toponym has been officially adopted by the United States Board on Geographic Names. The toponym recognizes the "disappointment" the first ascent party felt when finding themselves on this summit instead of Middle Palisade, which they thought they were climbing. They left a note in a can which stated: "The undersigned made a first ascent of this peak this day and were disappointed not to find it the highest point of the Middle Palisade. We hereby christen this summit 'Peak Disappointment'". It would be exactly twenty years to the day after the disappointing first ascent, that the difficult traverse from Disappointment Peak to Middle Palisade would first be accomplished by David Brower, Bruce Meyer, and Keith Taylor.

## Climate

Disappointment Peak is located in an alpine climate zone. Most weather fronts originate in the Pacific Ocean, and travel east toward the Sierra Nevada mountains. As fronts approach, they are forced upward by the peaks (orographic lift), causing them to drop their moisture in the form of rain or snowfall onto the range. This climate supports the Middle Palisade Glacier on the north slope below the summit.

## Gallery

* Southwest aspects of Norman Clyde Peak, Middle Palisade, and Disappointment Peak (furthest right)
* Looking up at southwest aspects of Norman Clyde Peak, Middle Palisade, and Disappointment Peak (furthest right).
* North Palisade to left and Middle Palisade to right. Disappointment Peak is last summit to the right. Camera is pointed north from the east side of Observation Peak.
* Looking up at southwest aspects of Norman Clyde Peak, Middle Palisade, and Disappointment Peak (furthest right).
# Abdul Alim (folk singer)

Abdul Alim (27 July 1931 – 5 September 1974) was a Bangladeshi folk singer. He won the Bangladesh National Film Award for Best Male Playback Singer in 1975 for playback in Sujan Sakhi. He was posthumously awarded the Ekushey Padak in 1977 and Independence Day Award in 1997 by the Government of Bangladesh.

## Career

Abdul Alim migrated from Murshidabad to Dhaka after the partition of India in 1947, and joined the Dhaka Radio Station as a staff artiste. By the age of 14, he had recorded two songs. In Dhaka, he took lessons from Mumtaz Ali Khan and Mohammed Hossain Khosru. He got his breakthrough while performing songs at the Alia Madrasah in Calcutta. He was awarded five gold medals for his performances and contributions to music at the All Pakistan music conference in Lahore.
Abdul Alim recorded over 300 Gramophone records. He sang playbacks in over 100 films. He recorded songs for Mukh O Mukhosh, the first film to be produced in the erstwhile East Pakistan.

## Works
### Notable songs

* "Nobi Mor Poroshmoni"
* "Premer Mora Jole Dube Na"
* Chirodin Pushlam Ak Achin Pakhi
* Ei Je Duniya Kishero Lagia
* Shorbonasha Padma Nodi
* Holudia Pakhi Shonar Boron
* Naiya Rey Nayer Badaam Tuila
* Duarey Aishachey Palki
* Amare Shajay Dio Nowshar Shajey
* Porer Jaiga Porer Jomi
* Mon-e Boro Asha Chhilo Jabo Modina-e
* Shab Shakhire Par Korite Nebo Ana Ana
* Ujaan Gang-er Naiyya
* Nach Re O Kathputli Nach (Urdu)
* Doyal Tomar Pane Chaiya

## Awards

* Bangladesh National Film Award for Best Male Playback Singer (1975)
* Ekushey Padak (1977)
* Independence Day Award (1997)
* President's Pride of Performance Award (Tamgha-E-Husn-Karkardagi) by the President of Pakistan (1960)
* Bachsas Awards (1972-1973)

## Personal life And Legacy

Abdul Alim has three sons (Jahir Alim, Azgar Alim and Haider Alim) and four daughters (Akhter Jahan Alim, Asia Alim, Nurjahan Alim and Zohora Alim). Alim died on 5 September 1974, at PG Hospital in Dhaka, Bangladesh.
His wife Begum Jamila Khatun died on 13 October 2020 at Yamagata Hospital in Dhaka, Bangladesh.
A research-based book on Abdul Alim's life, titled Bangla Loko Sangeet-er Amar Kanthoshilpi Abdul Alim along with a DVD, titled Tomaro Lagiarey, were launched in 2015.
# Alfred A. Gilman

Rev. Alfred Alonzo Gilman (August 23, 1878 – September 13, 1966) was an American missionary to Asia. He was born in North Platte, Nebraska, and graduated Phi Beta Kappa from the University of Nebraska in 1898. He was a member of Delta Tau Delta fraternity. He studied for ordination to the priesthood at Philadelphia Divinity School, graduating in 1901. He arrived in China as a missionary in 1902, and was bishop of Missionary District of Hankow in the Chung Hua Sheng Kung Hui. In 1917 he became president of Boone University in Wuchang.
Gilman married Gertrude Carter at St. Paul's Church, Hankou, China, on February 22, 1905. After consecration as suffragan bishop of Hankou on March 4, 1925, he succeeded Logan Herbert Roots and was installed as third Missionary Bishop of Hankou on April 12, 1938.

## Consecrators

* Logan Herbert Roots
* Frederick Rogers Graves
* Daniel T. Huntington
# Gjin I Muzaka

Gjin I Muzaka (Albanian: Gjin Muzaka), was an Albanian Prince from the House of Muzaka. He held the majority of his father's holdings after his father's death and was the Lord of Tomorniza. As well as the Lord of Kastoria after his younger brother Stoya Muzaka died after 1384 leaving no heirs.

## Life

Gjin I Muzaka was born into the House of Muzaka as the first and oldest son of Andrea II Muzaka and Euphemia Mataranga, who was from the Mataranga family.
Upon the death of his father Andrea II, his lands were divided among his three sons, Gjin, Teodor II and Stoya.
Gjin inherited the majority of his father's holdings, except for Berat, Myzeqe, and Kastoria. Teodor received Berat and Myzeqe, while Stoya inherited Kastoria along with its associated villages and estates.

## Issue

Gjin I Muzaka married Lady Suina Arianiti-Comneniates who was the daughter of Lord Materango Arianiti Comneniates. The pair had seven children:
* Andrea III Muzaka, married Chiranna Zenevisi, Lady of Grabossa
* Materango Muzaka
* Blaise Muzaka
* Bogdan Muzaka
* Laldi Muzaka
* Helena Muzaka
* Condisa Muzaka
# Guy Ben-Ari

Guy Ben-Ari (Hebrew: גיא בן-ארי; born in Tel Aviv, Israel) is an artist living and working in New York City.

## Biography

Ben-Ari received his MFA from Columbia University's School of the Arts in 2011, and his BFA with honors from Bezalel Academy of Art and Design in Jerusalem in 2009, where he received the Presser Award for Excellence in Painting. In 2008, Ben-Ari was selected for the Exchange Program for Merit Students to study Painting at the Slade School of Fine Art, UCL, London.. Since 2009, Ben-Ari runs an arts cultural group with artist Leah Wolf called Meta Meta Meta LLC, to help support the arts in their community in Brooklyn. Ben-Ari was an artist-in-residence at the Lower East Side Printshop, Triangle Arts in Brooklyn, New York and was a SIP Award recipient from the Robert Blackburn Printmaking Workshop Program at The Elizabeth Foundation for the Arts. Ben-Ari also worked as an Artist-in-Residence at the Lower Manhattan Cultural Council Workspace Residency and at the NARS Foundation, New York.
# Ken Whitlow

Kenneth Moody "Tuffy" Whitlow (November 30, 1917 – November 12, 1969) was an American football center.
Whitlow was born in Wichita Falls, Texas in 1917 and attended Wichita Falls High School. He played college football for Rice. He was selected by the Associated Press as the first-team center on the 1940 All-Southwest Conference football team. He was also the captain of the southern team for the 1940 North–South Shrine Game.
He played professional football in the All-America Football Conference for the Miami Seahawks in 1946. He appeared in a total of 13 professional games, seven of them as a starter.
He died in 1969 in Houston.
# Bolivian Evangelical Lutheran Church

The Bolivian Evangelical Lutheran Church (Spanish: Iglesia Evangélica Luterana Boliviana (IELB) is a Protestant Church denomination located in Bolivia that professes the Lutheran branch of Christianity. Formed in 1972 by Lutheran missionaries from the United States, the church takes its members primarily and entirely from the indigenous people of Bolivia such as the Aymara and Quechua, with its members scattered across the Bolivian highlands and in and around La Paz.

## History

The Bolivian Evangelical Lutheran Church was founded by Lutheran missionaries from the United States working amongst the indigenous peoples of the Americas who generally have belonged to the poorest sectors of society and In Bolivia, where in some cases more than in any other Latin American country, the indigenous peoples have been marginalized and have suffered from exclusion by the Mestizos. It is only in recent years that they have become better organized and are able to claim their rights and participation in society. As the missionaries, who generally ran the day-to-day affairs of the young church, left in 1972, the local indigenous people claimed greater participation in the decision-making bodies of the church. The Bolivian Evangelical Lutheran Church was constituted that same year and since then it has become the largest Amerindian Lutheran church on the continent of South America. Despite this success the socio-economic and political situation of Bolivia still remains particularly burdening to the ministry of the church.

## Purpose

The IELB considers its main priority is to promote a holistic approach to evangelism and service. The church is involved in a variety of projects: alternative agriculture, animal husbandry, provision of drinking water, educational campaigns to prevent cholera, formal education (elementary school), vocational training, and communication. All these projects are planned with the communities and respond to their needs; at the same time, they provide good opportunities to introduce the gospel in a natural way to the communities involved. At the same time, the church is aiming to strengthen its institutional presence within the Bolivian context. Important contacts and even agreements in the field of education have been achieved in the past years with the Bolivian government.

## Church Governance

The highest decision-making authority of the church is the assembly. It elects the twelve members of the board which, through its chairpersons, exercises legislative, executive and judicial authority. The work is organized in three departments: evangelism, communication, education, health and social development.
# Avalon station (GCRTA)

Avalon station is a stop on the RTA Blue Line in Shaker Heights, Ohio, located in the median of Van Aken Boulevard at its intersection with Avalon Road, after which the station is named.

## History

The station opened on April 11, 1920, with the initiation of rail service by the Cleveland Interurban Railroad on what is now Van Aken Boulevard from Lynnfield Road to Shaker Square and then to East 34th Street and via surface streets to downtown.$^{:22}$
In 1980 and 1981, the Green and Blue Lines were completely renovated with new track, ballast, poles and wiring, and new stations were built along the line. The renovated line along Van Aken Boulevard opened on October 30, 1981.$^{:111}$

## Station layout

The station comprises two side platforms in the center median of Van Aken Boulevard, split across the intersection with Avalon Road. The westbound platform is located east of the intersection, and the eastbound platform is west of the intersection. There is a small shelter on the westbound platform and two small shelters on the eastbound platform. Diagonal parking is provided on both sides of Van Aken Boulevard adjacent to the westbound platform and off westbound Van Aken adjacent to the eastbound platform. The station does not have ramps to allow passengers with disabilities to access trains.
# 1937–38 Illinois Fighting Illini men's ice hockey season

The 1937–38 Illinois Fighting Illini men's ice hockey season was the inaugural season of play for the program.

## Season

At the end of the Great Depression, Illinois decided to join fellow Big Ten members Michigan and Minnesota with their own varsity ice hockey team. The university spent more than $30,000 refurbishing the on-campus rink and managed to schedule a few games near the end of the season. The football team's new line coach, Ray Eliot, became the program's first head coach but didn't have much time to get the hastily assembled team to work together.
Paul Salter scored the program's first goal.

## Standings

1937–38 Western Collegiate ice hockey standingsvte :
| | Intercollegiate | Intercollegiate | Intercollegiate | Intercollegiate | Intercollegiate | Intercollegiate | Intercollegiate | Overall | Overall | Overall | Overall | Overall | Overall |
| | GP | W | L | T | Pct. | GF | GA | GP | W | L | T | GF | GA |
| Alaska-Fairbanks | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | – | – |
| Colorado College | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 12 | 3 | 9 | 0 | – | – |
| Illinois | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | .000 | 3 | 15 | 4 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 5 | 20 |
| Michigan | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 19 | 13 | 6 | 0 | 70 | 41 |
| Michigan Tech | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 16 | 4 | 11 | 1 | – | – |
| Minnesota | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 17 | 7 | 9 | 1 | – | – |

## Schedule and results

| Date | Opponent | Site | Result | Record |
| Regular Season |||||
| February 21 | Notre Dame $^‡$* | University of Illinois Ice Arena • Champaign, Illinois | L 1–2 | 0–1–0 |
| February 26 | Chicago $^‡$* | University of Illinois Ice Arena • Champaign, Illinois | L 1–3 | 0–2–0 |
| March 3 | at Minnesota* | Minneapolis Arena • Minneapolis, Minnesota | L 2–7 | 0–3–0 |
| March 10 | Michigan* | University of Illinois Ice Arena • Champaign, Illinois | L 1–8 | 0–4–0 |
| *Non-conference game. |||||
‡ Notre Dame's and Chicago's programs were club teams at the time.
# List of Brazilian cardinals

The following is a list of Brazilian cardinals in the Roman Catholic Church ordered by years of consistory which elevated them to cardinalcy.
Of the twenty-five Brazilian cardinals, six are from Santa Catarina, five from Minas Gerais, four from Rio Grande do Sul, four from São Paulo, two from Pernambuco, one from Alagoas, one from Ceará, one from Rio Grande do Norte and one from Rio de Janeiro. By region, ten are from the Southeast, ten from the South and five from the Northeast.
| # | Elevated to cardinalcy | Pope | Name | Order | Lifespan | Mission |
| 1 | 1905 | Pius X | Joaquim Arcoverde de Albuquerque Cavalcanti | — | 1850 — 1930 | Archdiocese of Rio de Janeiro |
| 2 | 1930 | Pius XI | Sebastião Leme da Silveira Cintra | — | 1882 — 1942 | Archdiocese of Rio de Janeiro |
| 3 | 1946 | Pius XII | Carlos Carmelo de Vasconcelos Motta | — | 1890 — 1982 | Archdiocese of São Paulo Archdiocese of Aparecida |
| 4 | 1946 | Pius XII | Jaime de Barros Câmara | — | 1894 — 1971 | Archdiocese of Rio de Janeiro |
| 5 | 1953 | Pius XII | Augusto Álvaro da Silva | — | 1876 — 1968 | Archdiocese of Salvador |
| 6 | 1965 | Paul VI | Agnelo Rossi | — | 1913 — 1995 | Archdiocese of São Paulo |
| 7 | 1969 | Paul VI | Alfredo Vicente Scherer | — | 1903 — 1996 | Archdiocese of Porto Alegre |
| 8 | 1969 | Paul VI | Eugênio de Araújo Sales | — | 1920 — 2012 | Archdiocese of Salvador |
| 9 | 1973 | Paul VI | Avelar Brandão Vilela | — | 1912 — 1986 | Archdiocese of Salvador |
| 10 | 1973 | Paul VI | Frei Paulo Evaristo Arns | O.F.M. | 1921 — 2016 | Archdiocese of São Paulo |
| 11 | 1976 | Paul VI | Frei Aloísio Lorscheider | O.F.M. | 1924 — 2007 | Archdiocese of Fortaleza Archdiocese of Aparecida |
| 12 | 1988 | John Paul II | José Freire Falcão | — | 1925 — 2021 | Archdiocese of Brasília |
| 13 | 1988 | John Paul II | Frei Lucas Moreira Neves | O.P. | 1925 — 2002 | Archdiocese of Salvador |
| 14 | 1998 | John Paul II | Serafim Fernandes de Araújo | — | 1924 — 2019 | Archdiocese of Belo Horizonte |
| 15 | 2001 | John Paul II | Frei Cláudio Hummes | O.F.M. | 1934 — 2022 | Archdiocese of São Paulo |
| 16 | 2001 | John Paul II | Geraldo Majella Agnelo | — | 1933 — 2023 | Archdiocese of Salvador |
| 17 | 2003 | John Paul II | Eusébio Oscar Scheid | S.C.J. | 1932 — 2021 | Archdiocese of Rio de Janeiro |
| 18 | 2007 | Benedict XVI | Odilo Pedro Scherer | — | 1949 — | Archdiocese of São Paulo |
| 19 | 2010 | Benedict XVI | Raymundo Damasceno Assis | — | 1937 — | Archdiocese of Aparecida |
| 20 | 2012 | Benedict XVI | João Braz de Aviz | — | 1947 — | Congregação para os Institutos de Vida Consagrada e Sociedades de Vida Apostólica |
| 21 | 2014 | Francis | Orani João Tempesta | O.Cist | 1950 — | Archdiocese of Rio de Janeiro |
| 22 | 2016 | Francis | Sérgio da Rocha | — | 1959 — | Archdiocese of Brasília Archdiocese of Salvador |
| 23 | 2022 | Francis | Frei Leonardo Ulrich Steiner | O.F.M. | 1950 — | Archdiocese of Manaus |
| 24 | 2022 | Francis | Paulo Cezar Costa | — | 1967 — | Archdiocese of Brasília |
| 25 | 2024 | Francis | Jaime Spengler | O.F.M. | 1960 — | Archdiocese of Porto Alegre |
# John W. Gowdy

John W. Gowdy (Chinese: 高智約翰; Pinyin: Gāozhì Yuēhàn; Foochow Romanized: Gŏ̤-dé Iók-hâng; 7 December 1869 – 1963) was a Scottish American bishop of the Methodist Episcopal Church and The Methodist Church, elected in 1930. He also distinguished himself as a missionary, an educator, and as a college and university president.

## Birth and family

John was born in Glasgow, Scotland, the son of Joseph and Margaret Jane (née Graham) Gowdy. John married Elizabeth Thompson 1 July 1902. His birth name may have been John Goudy but he changed it to Gowdy, possibly to aid pronunciation. Family members who remained in the UK look to have changed the spelling to Goudie.

## Education

John graduated in 1893 from the Tilton Seminary in Tilton, New Hampshire. He then earned the A.B. degree in 1897 from Wesleyan University, Middletown, Connecticut. He graduated from Drew Theological Seminary in 1902 with the B.D. degree. He then earned the M.A. degree in 1915 from Columbia University. Baker University awarded him the honorary degree D.D. in 1909. Wesleyan did as well in 1914. Rev. Gowdy was also a member of the honorary fraternity Psi Upsilon.

## Missionary and academic ministry

John Gowdy served as a teacher at the Tilton School in Tilton, New Hampshire, 1897–99. Following seminary graduation, he was ordained in the New Hampshire Annual Conference of the M.E. Church. He was appointed a Missionary Teacher at the Anglo-Chinese College in Fuzhou, China, serving in this position 1902–04. He also was a Class Leader in the Heavenly Rest Methodist Church in the Fuzhou Annual Conference. The Rev. Gowdy then became President of the Anglo-Chinese College in 1904, serving until 1923. He became President of the Fukien Christian University in 1923, serving there until 1927. He also served as a trustee of both the Anglo-Chinese College, of Union Normal School in Fuzhou, and of the Tilton School in New Hampshire. He also served on the Boards of Managers of both Anglo-Chinese and of Fukien.

## Episcopal ministry

John W. Gowdy was elected a bishop by the 1930 meeting of the China Central Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church. He served as a bishop in this Central Conference until 1941. As a bishop, he was, of course, a participant in M.E. General Conferences in 1932 and 1936, the Uniting Conference of Methodism in 1939, and Methodist General Conferences in 1940 and 1944.

## Retirement

Bishop Gowdy retired in 1941. He made his retirement home at 378 Victoria Ave., Winter Park, Florida. He enjoyed history as a hobby and golf as a sport.