OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Bled es-Siba

Bled es-Siba or Bled Siba (Arabic: بلاد السيبة, romanized: Bilād al-Sība), is a historical term in pre-colonial Moroccan history that refers to a lawless area that was out of the control of the Moroccan Sultans.

## Etymology

Bled es-Siba literally means "region of anarchy", as opposed to Bled el-Makhzen, which refers to the region under the control of the Makhzen governing institution.
Siba itself is an Arabic word that is used to refer “to a camel set aside from the herd, left to fend for itself, as a form of sacrifice.”

## Historical background

Morocco has been ruled by the Alaouite dynasty since the 17th century. Many Berber tribes were however, not submissive to the Sultan, which led to two different regions: Bled es-Siba and Bled el-Makhzen.

## Makhzen and Siba

The relation between the central power of Makhzen and the region of Bled es-Siba was more complex than a simple territorial separation. Even though the tribes in Bled es-Siba were not submissive to the central power, the spiritual authority of the Sultan was always accepted.
# AHEAD ammunition

Advanced hit efficiency and destruction (AHEAD) ammunition is a type of airburst round ammunition that releases a cloud of sub-projectiles just ahead of a target, enabling it to engage conventional as well as low, slow and small (LSS) air threats including unmanned aerial vehicles and perform counter rocket, artillery, and mortar duties. The 35 mm variety produced by Oerlikon Contraves splits each projectile into 152 tungsten submunitions "that form a cone-shaped pattern to destroy a target's control surfaces and other vital components". This type of ammunition is listed as an official acronym at the British Ministry of Defence.

## Types

* 35 mm, payload 500 g
** PMD062, original round with 152 sub-projectiles
** PMD330, configured for C-RAM with 407 sub-projectiles
** PMD428, configured for C-UAS with 675 sub-projectiles
* 30 mm, payload 200 g
** PMC388, contains 162 sub-projectiles, same as used in PMD330
** PMC455, contains smaller sub-projectiles configured for C-UAS

## History

AHEAD ammunition was developed as early as 1993.
In 2011, the government of the Republic of China in Taiwan procured itself a Skyguard system, which is based on the AHEAD ammunition.
In 2012, AHEAD was delivered to the German Air Force by Rheinmetall for their MANTIS Air Defence System.
At the 2018 Euronaval trade show, the Rheinmetall Oerlikon Millennium Gun was noted as able to fire AHEAD ammunition.
In 2018, AHEAD ammunition-capable Oerlikon revolver guns were proposed to the Egyptian Ministry of Defense by the manufacturer, in order to update its air defense system.
In January 2019, the South African Defence Force boasted about its upgraded ability to fire AHEAD ammunition at airborne targets via a networked multi-gun emplacement.
In March 2021, Rheinmetall Air Defence unveiled the Skyranger 30, an air defense turret that uses a 30 mm gun firing a 30 mm version of the AHEAD projectile.
In June 2021, Rheinmetall tested its 35 mm revolver gun against drone swarms with the use of AHEAD ammunition. Firing PMD 428 rounds, an eight-drone swarm was neutralized with an 18-round burst, most of them being destroyed with the first six rounds.
In mid-2022, AHEAD was the subject of study by a group of Chinese scientists.
In August 2022, the munitions were listed on the scrapped purchase order for the towed air defence gun missile systems (ADGMS) of the Indian Ministry of Defence. It seemed the matter excited some controversy around this time.
In October 2022, the munitions were listed as one of the technical requirements for a gun that would be procured by the Indian MoD.

## Gallery

* 35 mm AHEAD loaded on Oerlikon twin-gun
* AHEAD 30 mm internal structure
* Device at the end of the barrel that programs the burst of the ammunition
* Equipped for the use of the AHEAD 35 mm
# Dreamweapon: An Evening of Contemporary Sitar Music

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
Dreamweapon: An Evening of Contemporary Sitar Music is a 1990 live album by Spacemen 3.

## Overview

The title track is from a live performance at Watermans Arts Centre in Brentford, London, on August 19, 1988. Peter Kember, Jason Pierce, Will Carruthers, and Steve Evans played. The piece was inspired by drone music, with a text from La Monte Young in the liner notes. The composition is a lengthy drone in the key of A. It was recorded in the foyer of a cinema as an audience waited for a screening of the film Wings of Desire; crowd noise and public-address announcements are audible. A brief melodic fragment from the improvisation was re-used as the basis for the song "Honey" from the group's 1989 album Playing With Fire.
The liner notes for this track credit Pat Fish, a.k.a. the Jazz Butcher, with "joint rolling."
The other track on the original vinyl release "Ecstasy in Slow Motion" is a studio performance from 1987 which only features Pete Kember. It does not feature on the original CD. "Spacemen Jam", which appears on subsequent reissues, is Peter Kember and an unknown second guitarist, possibly Jason Pierce. Jason is credited in the sleeve notes on the Sympathy for the Record Industry reissue. The track on the vinyl release plays backwards- from the centre outwards.
The album's title Dreamweapon is the creation of Angus MacLise, the original drummer for the Velvet Underground.
The Guardian printed an extract from Will Carruthers' memoir about his recollection of the recording of the album. In the memoir, Carruthers confesses that he failed to turn his amplifier on for the performance of the title track, making him inaudible on the recording.

## Track listing
### Original release (Fierce)

CD copies contain only "An Evening of Contemporary Sitar Music (Full Length Version)"
# Typhoon Wutip (2013)

Typhoon Wutip, known in the Philippines as Tropical Storm Paolo, was a Category 3 major typhoon that affected Vietnam, Laos, and Thailand in late September 2013. The nineteenth named storm and the fifth typhoon of the 2013 Pacific typhoon season. Wutip formed off the coast of Luzon on September 27, 2013. Being inside PAR, PAGASA named the disturbance Paolo which replaced the name Pepeng. JTWC later gave the identifier Tropical Depression 20W. Moving west-southwestward, the system intensified into a tropical storm, assigning the name Wutip. Wutip reached its peak intensity of a Category-3 major typhoon. On September 30, the storm made landfall on the provinces from Ha Tinh to Thua Thien Hue province of Vietnam, including Quang Binh the center of the storm.
Wutip killed at least 25 people in southeastern Asia and $648 million worth of damages during late September and early October.
The name "Wutip" (蝴蝶) proposed by Macau, meaning "butterfly" in Cantonese.

## Meteorological history

A tropical disturbance formed from the southwest monsoon which was enhanced by Pabuk on September 23. On September 25, it became a tropical depression and slowly intensifies off the west coast of the Philippines and named it Paolo by the PAGASA and designated 20W by the JTWC early the next day.
The system tracked west and strengthened into a tropical storm and named it Wutip (1321) on September 27 as it brought light to heavy rainfall across Luzon, Philippines. Tropical Storm Wutip became a severe tropical storm as it moved westwards on September 28, and rapidly became a typhoon.
On September 29, Wutip became a Moderate Typhoon as it created an eye towards Thailand. It was rapidly downgraded by a tropical storm as it moved westwards on September 30. It slowly dissipated and crossed the 100th meridian very early on October 2.

## Impact

Deaths by country :
| China | 14 |
| Vietnam | 13 |
| Total | 27 |

### China

A total of 14 people were killed in China, and total damages were amounted to be ¥20 million (US$3.27 million).

### Vietnam

Storm made landfall in Quảng Bình Province on the afternoon of September 30, 2013 with winds of 11 Beauforts and gusts of 14 Beauforts (160 km/h). The storm made 500KV north-south line was separated from the grid without causing widespread power outages, 220 line kV, 110 kV and lower voltage lines in the north central area of failure, causing a power loss in Quảng Bình, Quảng Trị and Thừa Thiên–Huế as many trees, broken pole fell on the North–South Railway, leaving at least four trains paralyzed. Rain reached Vietnam on September 30 and then Thailand the following day.
2 people were killed when a radio tower serving the Voice of Vietnam in Quảng Bình fell on a car. Mr. Nguyen Tai Dung, deputy director of Nghe An Department of Agriculture was washed away, killed while on duty for flood relief in the town of Hoang Mai. Overall 13 people were killed, and total damage was estimated at ₫13.6 trillion (US$644 million).
# WDOG (AM)

WDOG (1460 AM) was an ESPN Radio branded sports radio station in Barnwell, South Carolina, United States. ESPN Radio broadcast at 1460 kHz, on the AM dial.
WDOG had Clemson Tigers football coverage, while WDOG-FM has South Carolina Gamecocks football coverage during the college football season. WDOG-FM also carries Gamecock basketball and baseball games during the respective seasons.
WDOG's license was surrendered to the Federal Communications Commission on June 9, 2022, and cancelled on June 13.
# Charlotte Carew Pole

Charlotte Louise Campbell Carew Pole, Lady Carew Pole (née Watkins), is a British women's rights advocate and Conservative political activist. She is the director of Daughters' Rights, a political campaign advocating for the end of male primogeniture in the British peerage and baronetage and for women to have hereditary seats in the House of Lords. Carew Pole is also the director of Women2Win, which campaigns for increasing the number of women Conservative members of parliament in the House of Commons.

## Career

Carew Pole joined "The Hares", a political campaign started in 2013 to end male primogeniture, in 2016, and rebranded it as "Daughters' Rights" in 2018. She advocates for daughters to have the same inheritance rights as sons, including inheriting peerages and baronetages, family seats, and seats in the House of Lords. Carew Pole was motivated to join the campaign after giving birth to a daughter following seven miscarriages and two rounds of In vitro fertilisation. Since her daughter cannot inherit the Pole baronetecy, Carew Pole was inspired to push for changing laws regarding inheritance of titles, land, and businesses. In her capacity as director of Daughters' Rights, she serves on the staff of Baroness Jenkin of Kennington in Parliament.
She is one of many aristocratic women, including Lady Kinvara Balfour, Lady Willa Franks, Lady Eliza Dundas, The Honourable Sarah Long, Lady Tanya Field, and The Honourable Hatta Byng, who have advocated for an end to male primogeniture.
Carew Pole is also the director of Women2Win, a Conservative Party organization founded by Theresa May in 2005 to increase the number of women Conservative MPs in the House of Commons.
On 15 March 2021, she spoke on a panel with Lady D'Souza, Lord Kirkhope of Harrogate, Meg Russell, and Matthew Flinders for the Aspen Institute's webinar The Future of the House of Lords.
In 2023, Carew Pole criticized the Lord Chancellor's decision to recognize Matilda Simon, a transgender woman, as the 3rd Baron Simon of Wythenshawe. Carew Pole argued that, as Lady Simon had transitioned from male to female, the barony should go to her elder sister, The Honourable Margaret Simon. However, Margaret Simon could not have succeeded to the barony even if Matilda had been born female, as the barony can only be inherited by "heirs male of the body"; it would have passed to a male-line cousin of Margaret and Matilda instead.

## Personal life

Carew Pole is the daughter of Christopher Watkins, and grew up in Dorset.
She is married to Sir Tremayne John Carew Pole, 14th Baronet, son of Sir Richard Carew Pole, 13th Baronet and Mary Dawnay. They have two children:
* Jemima Nisset Carew Pole (b. 2015)
* Lucian William Patrick Carew Pole (b. 2016)
The family lives at Antony House, the seat of the Carew-Pole family which is now under the ownership of the National Trust.
# İsmet Kotak

İsmet Kotak (1939 – 11 September 2011) was a Turkish Cypriot politician, public administrator, journalist and columnist.
İsmet Kotak was Member of Parliament (1970–85, 1990–93), Minister of Labour (1969–76), Minister of Industry and Co-operatives (1982–83), director-general of the Bayrak Radio Television Corporation, president of Press Council in Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus. He was one of the co-founders of Democratic People's Party and founder of the Free Democratic Party.
# Dennis Keating

Dennis Keating (born 18 October 1940 in Cork) is a former Irish footballer.
Keating made one appearance in The Football League for Chester against Bradford City in October 1962, alongside fellow debutant Jimmy McGill. He then appeared in an FA Cup tie against Tranmere Rovers before quickly moving on to Wellington Town. He later gave up football to become a monk.
# Rachmat Harsono

Rachmat Harsono (born 12 March 1980) is an Indonesian businessman who is CEO of Samator Group and President Director of PT Samator Indo Gas Tbk, the largest industrial gas producer in Indonesia. Under his leadership, the company has achieved much progress, especially in responding to medical needs during the COVID-19 pandemic. Harsono is the second generation successor of Samator Group, which was founded by Arief Harsono.
He is known for bringing PT Samator Indo Gas Tbk to increase the production capacity of medical oxygen to meet the needs of hospitals during the pandemic. Moreover, the Samator group also made hydrogen peroxide available to the public, in addition to industrial use. He was included in the list of influential figures by Tatler Asia in 2021.

## Education

Rachmat Harsono earned a Bachelor of Science from Marquette University in 2003 and a Master of Business Administration from the University of Chicago in 2009, Rachmat also completed education at the National Resilience Institute of the Republic of Indonesia (Lemhannas RI) Regular Education Programme Batch (PPRA) 53.

## Career

* President Director, PT Samator Indo Gas Tbk: As President Director, Rachmat led the company in increasing the production and distribution of medical oxygen during the COVID-19 pandemic. PT Samator Indo Gas Tbk also produces hydrogen peroxide as an effective disinfectant against the coronavirus.

## Organizations

* Chairman, Indonesian Industrial Gas Association (AGII): Responsible for leading the association in developing the national gas industry, maintaining strategic relationships with government and stakeholders, and advancing industry innovation and sustainability through policies that support growth and competitiveness in the global market.
* Vice Chairman, Manufacturing Industry, Indonesian Employers Association (APINDO): Instrumental in strategy development, policy advocacy, collaboration, capacity building, supervision, investment promotion, and crisis management to support the manufacturing industry in Indonesia.
* Chairman, Indonesian Maitreya Buddhist Youth Brotherhood (PERSADABUMI): Leading and fostering the younger generation in strengthening virtuous values and strengthening Buddhist brotherhood.
* Vice Chairman, Indonesian Buddhist Association (PERMABUDHI): In charge of supporting the leadership of the organisation in strengthening community unity, promoting Buddhism, and collaborating with the community and government for mutual prosperity.
* Chairman, Standing Committee on Regional Resilience and International Industrial Access, Indonesian Chamber of Commerce and Industry (KADIN).
* Chairman, National Resilience Institute Alumni Association (IKAL-Lemhannas) East Java Commissariat: Leading efforts to strengthen the alumni network and contribute to regional development through the development of national insights.
* Treasurer, National Resilience Institute Alumni Association (IKAL-Lemhannas) Strategic Centre: Play a role in managing the organisation's finances to support strategic alumni programmes and activities.
* Honorary Consul of the Slovak Republic in Surabaya.
# Herman Hugo

Herman Hugo (9 May 1588 – 11 September 1629) was a Jesuit priest, writer and military chaplain. His Pia desideria, a spiritual emblem book published in Antwerp in 1624, was "the most popular religious emblem book of the seventeenth century". It went through 42 Latin editions and was widely translated up to the 18th century.

## Life

Herman Hugo was born in Brussels. He studied philosophy and theology at the University of Louvain. He died of plague on 11 September 1629 at Rheinsberg.

## Works

* Pia desideria emblematis elegiis at affectibus SS. Patrum illunstrata, Antwerp, 1624
* Obsidio bredana, Antwerp, Plantin office, 1626. An account of the Siege of Breda (1624) by Ambrogio Spinola.
* De militia equestri antiqua et noua ad regem Philippum IV, Antwerp, Ex Officina Plantiniana, 1630 (posthumously)
# William DiFazio

William DiFazio (April 7, 1947 - March 2020) was an American professor of sociology at St. John's University and does research in work and technology, urban sociology, social theory. He is the author of several books and articles on domestic and global poverty, including his latest, Ordinary Poverty: A Little Food and Cold Storage. He is also co-host and co-producer of the radio show, City Watch on WBAI 99.5 FM. He earned his PhD in sociology at the CUNY Graduate Center in 1981.

## Activism

DiFazio was involved in community activism for many decades. He participated in many groups and organizations during the American Civil Rights Movement in the 1960s including Students for a Democratic Society (SDS) and The Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC). An active voice in the fight against hunger, he was on the board of directors for the Hunger Action Network of New York State since 2000 and was on the board of directors for the St. John's Bread and Life Soup Kitchen of Brooklyn from 1994 to 2008.

## Honors and awards

In 2007, DiFazio's book, Ordinary Poverty, was nominated for the Harry Chapin Media Award, which honors print and electronic media for outstanding coverage on hunger and poverty. He served as Chair Elect (2006–2007) and Chair (2007–2008) of the Marxist Section of the American Sociological Association. In 2008, he received a Community Activist of the Year award from The People's Firehouse, Inc., a community-based, nonprofit organization in Brooklyn.

## Other activities

Along with his academic scholarship and authorship at St. John's University, DiFazio taught the texts of Karl Marx at the Brecht Forum in New York City. He was a co-producer and co-host of the show City Watch on local radio station WBAI 99.5 FM since March 2000. Along of a core group of intellectuals and local activists, he contributed to the journal Situations, co-founded by Stanley Aronowitz. He is also a contributor and member of the Fifteenth Street Manifesto Group, which has created and circulated a Manifesto for a Left Turn which calls for a radical, political formation. At the time of his death, he was researching and writing his book, Conversations in Diners: Ordinary People and the Crisis in Capitalism.

## Family life

DiFazio was originally from Brooklyn and lives there with his wife, Susanna Heller, a painter. He has one daughter, Liegia DiFazio, a lawyer.

## Works and Essays by William DiFazio

* An excerpt of Chapter 1 in Ordinary Poverty: A Little Food and Cold Storage
# Nigeria-Cameroon chimpanzee

The Nigeria-Cameroon chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes ellioti) is a subspecies of the common chimpanzee which inhabits the rainforest along the border of Nigeria and Cameroon. Male Nigeria-Cameroon chimpanzees can weigh up to 70 kilos with a body length of up to 1.2 metres and a height of 1.3 metres. Females are significantly smaller. Like the nominate subspecies, the Nigeria-Cameroon chimpanzee has been classified as Endangered by the IUCN, indicating a high risk of extinction in the near future.

## History

The Nigeria-Cameroon chimpanzee has been classified as the fourth subspecies of chimpanzee since 1997 and is the least studied of these subspecies. Its populations are falling across its limited natural range, with between 3500 and 9000 individuals remaining.

## Description

Nigeria-Cameroon chimpanzees weigh around 80 kg for adult males in captivity and 65 kg for adult females in captivity. They stand about 1–1.7 m tall when erect.

## Subpopulations

The Nigeria-Cameroon chimpanzee is found in:
* Gashaka-Gumti National Park, Nigeria (900–1,000 individuals)
* Ngel Nyaki Forest Reserve, Nigeria
* Banyang-Mbo Wildlife Sanctuary, Cameroon (500–900 or 800–1,450 individuals)
* Ebo Wildlife Reserve, Cameroon (626–1,480 individuals)
* Mbam Djerem National Park, Cameroon (at least 500 individuals)
During a 2006 survey in southwestern Nigeria, the Nigeria-Cameroon chimpanzee was found in Idanre Forest Reserve, Ifon Forest Reserve, Oluwa Forest Reserve, Omo Forest Reserve, Ise Forest Reserve, Ologbo Forest Reserve, and Okomu National Park. Chimpanzees were found in Ondo State, Ekiti State, Edo State, and Ogun State. Later surveys also confirmed that chimpanzees are also present in Akure-Ofosu Forest Reserve. This population is on the verge of extinction due to habitat loss, disease, and human activities like hunting. The genetic affiliations of this population are also unclear.
A June 2008 report said the Edumanom Forest Reserve was the last known site for chimpanzees in the Niger Delta.

## Habitat

The subspecies inhabits tropical rain forests and montane forests at elevations of up to 2,750 m (9,020 ft) above sea level. There are also populations that primarily inhabit savanna habitats.

## Lifespan

Individuals can live for 40 to 60 years.

## Status and conservation

The Nigeria-Cameroon chimpanzee is recognised as the most threatened and least widely distributed of all the common chimpanzee subspecies, facing a high likelihood of extinction in the coming decades.
# WDZZ-FM

WDZZ-FM (92.7 MHz, "Z92.7") is a radio station broadcasting an urban adult contemporary format, licensed to Flint, Michigan, and under ownership of Cumulus Media. Its studios are located south of the Flint city limits and its transmitter is north of downtown Flint.

## History

WDZZ was founded by Vernon Merritt in 1979 as the Flint area's first FM station to target African-American audiences, playing a mixture of disco music and jazz which eventually evolved into mainstream Urban Contemporary. It is believed that the call letters were a tribute to the song "Dazz" by the group Brick; "Dazz" was an amalgamation of "disco" and "jazz".
Before the sign-on of 92.7, WAMM 1420 now WFLT served as Flint's Rhythm & Blues Station, with its only competition being Saginaw's WWWS which did not provide a clear signal over much of the Flint area. WDZZ had an immediate impact, as the station debuted at number one in the Arbitron ratings in its first full ratings period (which was Spring 1980, as Flint was only measured by Arbitron once per year at that time), with a share of over 11 per cent. WAMM never recovered and soon flipped formats to the Music of Your Life as WFLT, eventually settling into the urban gospel format it has today.
WDZZ would become Mainstream Urban with the addition of Hip Hop in 1989 and was using the Moniker "DZ93".
WDZZ has gone through several R&B formats including Mainstream Urban (including rap and hip-hop tracks) and Gospel on Sunday Mornings. The station is licensed for and formerly broadcast in HD Radio, the only one of Cumulus Media's Flint stations to do so.
In 1998 WDZZ, WWCK-FM, and WRSR were sold from Connoisseur to Cumulus Media.
Current DJs include Rickey Smiley, August, Chris McKinney, Keith Sweat and Sunday Morning Gospel Host Eugene Brown.
WDZZ currently ranks at #1 (13.1) in the Flint market according to the Fall 2020 Nielsen Audio Ratings release.