OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Viktor Schütze

Viktor Schütze (16 February 1906 – 23 September 1950) was a German U-boat commander during World War II. He was a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves of Nazi Germany.
Schütze was born in Flensburg, and started his naval career in the Reichsmarine aboard German torpedo boats in April 1925, before transferring to the new U-boat division ten years later in October 1935. There he commanded U-19 for two years, before being relieved to take destroyer training - before returning to the U-boat arm in command of U-11. When war broke out he commanded U-25, with which he sailed on three patrols, mainly in the Bay of Biscay and off the Portuguese coast.
In July 1940 he assumed command of the Type IXB U-103, for four patrols in North Atlantic and African waters. In December he received the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross for his successes. In August 1941 he retired from front service, taking up the position as Flottillenchef of 2nd U-boat Flotilla. In March 1943 he became the FdU Ausbildungsflottillen (Commander of the training flotillas in the Baltic Sea) in Flensburg-Kappeln, in which position he served until the end of the war. He was detained as a prisoner of war in a British camp from May 1945 to March 1946. He died in Frankfurt am Main in 1950.

## Awards

* Spanisches Marineverdienstkreuz, I. Class in white (21 August 1939)
* Iron Cross (1939) 2nd Class (13 November 1939) & 1st Class (21 February 1940)
* Italienisches Kriegskreuz with swords (1 November 1941)
* Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves
** Knight's Cross on 11 December 1940 as Korvettenkapitän and commander of U-103
** Oak Leaves on 14 July 1941 as Korvettenkapitän and commander of U-103
* War Merit Cross with swords, 2nd Class (30 January 1944) & 1st Class (1 September 1944)
# Swish function

The swish function is a family of mathematical function defined as follows:
    The swish function$\operatorname {swish} _{\beta }(x)=x\operatorname {sigmoid} (\beta x)={\frac {x}{1+e^{-\beta x}}}.$
where $\beta$ can be constant (usually set to 1) or trainable.
The swish family was designed to smoothly interpolate between a linear function and the ReLU function.
When considering positive values, Swish is a particular case of doubly parameterized sigmoid shrinkage function defined in$^{:Eq3}$. Variants of the swish function include Mish.

## Special values

For β = 0, the function is linear: f(x) = x/2.
For β = 1, the function is the Sigmoid Linear Unit (SiLU).
With β → ∞, the function converges to ReLU.
Thus, the swish family smoothly interpolates between a linear function and the ReLU function.
Since $\operatorname {swish} _{\beta }(x)=\operatorname {swish} _{1}(\beta x)/\beta$, all instances of swish have the same shape as the default $\operatorname {swish} _{1}$, zoomed by $\beta$. One usually sets $\beta >0$. When $\beta$ is trainable, this constraint can be enforced by $\beta =e^{b}$, where $b$ is trainable.
$\operatorname {swish} _{1}(x)={\frac {x}{2}}+{\frac {x^{2}}{4}}-{\frac {x^{4}}{48}}+{\frac {x^{6}}{480}}+O\left(x^{8}\right)$
${\begin{aligned}\operatorname {swish} _{1}(x)&={\frac {x}{2}}\tanh \left({\frac {x}{2}}\right)+{\frac {x}{2}}\\\operatorname {swish} _{1}(x)+\operatorname {swish} _{-1}(x)&=x\tanh \left({\frac {x}{2}}\right)\\\operatorname {swish} _{1}(x)-\operatorname {swish} _{-1}(x)&=x\end{aligned}}$

## Derivatives

Because $\operatorname {swish} _{\beta }(x)=\operatorname {swish} _{1}(\beta x)/\beta$, it suffices to calculate its derivatives for the default case.$\operatorname {swish} _{1}'(x)={\frac {x+\sinh(x)}{4\cosh ^{2}\left({\frac {x}{2}}\right)}}+{\frac {1}{2}}$so $\operatorname {swish} _{1}'(x)-{\frac {1}{2}}$ is odd.$\operatorname {swish} _{1}''(x)={\frac {1-{\frac {x}{2}}\tanh \left({\frac {x}{2}}\right)}{2\cosh ^{2}\left({\frac {x}{2}}\right)}}$so $\operatorname {swish} _{1}''(x)$ is even.

## History

SiLU was first proposed alongside the GELU in 2016, then again proposed in 2017 as the Sigmoid-weighted Linear Unit (SiL) in reinforcement learning. The SiLU/SiL was then again proposed as the SWISH over a year after its initial discovery, originally proposed without the learnable parameter β, so that β implicitly equaled 1. The swish paper was then updated to propose the activation with the learnable parameter β.
In 2017, after performing analysis on ImageNet data, researchers from Google indicated that using this function as an activation function in artificial neural networks improves the performance, compared to ReLU and sigmoid functions. It is believed that one reason for the improvement is that the swish function helps alleviate the vanishing gradient problem during backpropagation.
# Caliente (dish)

Calienté is a street food eaten in Morocco. It is a savory pie made from chickpea flour and can include oil, eggs, spices, pepper. It is typically sold in slices by food vendors.

## Etymology

The name of the dish comes from the Spanish term caliente, meaning hot.

## Origin

The origins of this street food go back to Moroccans of Jewish faith in the city of Tangier, while others associate it with the large Spanish community at the time. The Moroccan jews living in the old medina spoke haketia, a form of Spanish. They named the dish "calienté" because it must be served hot.

## Similaries

A variation of this street food exists in the city of Oujda where it is called "karan".
A similar dish exists in Gibraltar. Flavored with paprika, it has been described as one of the culinary symbols of Gibraltar by Hélène Jawhara Piñer.
# KOAD-LP

KOAD-LP was a classic rock formatted broadcast radio station. The station was licensed to Hanford, California and serving Hanford, Lemoore, and Kings County in California. KOAD-LP was owned by Denise M. White and operated under the Hanford Youth Services, Inc.

## History

Leroy Hurte became the radio manager of KOAD radio station in 1968; and from 1968 to 1971 he owned it.
Denise M. White and Hanford Youth Services, Inc. applied for the construction permit to begin the process of building what would become KOAD on November 12, 2013. The station received a License to Cover, allowing it to begin broadcasting, from the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) on November 13, 2014.
KOAD-LP signed-on for the first time on February 9, 2015 with a classic rock format. This would bring English-language radio back to Kings County after 20 years. After signing on, local entertainment promotion personality Joey Perez was hired by KOAD-LP for their morning show. By 2016, plans were in place to regionally syndicate the morning show. Other programming included a live, weekly sports show from a Buffalo Wild Wings location in Hanford.
The station made regional headlines in 2018 when a photo, taken by morning show host Joey Perez, of Tom Cruise shooting scenes for Top Gun: Maverick at nearby Naval Air Station Lemoore. Hanford Youth Services received the donation of KNBI in Monterey, California, and per FCC rules, had to request the cancellation of KOAD-LP's license on December 3, 2020. KOAD-LP ceased broadcast operations, but continued to operate over internet radio until April 2022, when the stream was flipped to KMBY Monterey.

## Translator

In addition to KOAD-LP's primary frequency, the station's programming was simulcast on the following translator station to widen KOAD-LP's broadcast area.
| Call sign | Frequency | City of license | FID | ERP (W) | HAAT | Class | Transmitter coordinates | FCC info |
| K272GD | 102.3 FM MHz FM | Fresno, California | 144742 | 75 watts | 96 m (315 ft) | D | 36°47′55.8″N 119°47′27.5″W﻿ / ﻿36.798833°N 119.790972°W﻿ / 36.798833; -119.790972 | LMS |
# Zygaspis ferox

Zygaspis ferox is a worm lizard species in the family Amphisbaenidae. It is endemic to Zimbabwe.
# Nick Sachvie

Nicholas William Sachvie (born December 22, 1991) is a Canadian professional squash player. He reached a highest world ranking of 64 in 2017. He is currently retired from the Professional Tour as of 2023.
Sachvie attended Cornell University and majored in Communications while playing for the men's squash team from 2010 to 2014.
He is the 2017 and 2019 Canadian National Champion and he played for Canada in the 2015 and 2017 WSF World Team Squash Championships.
In 2008, a 16-year-old Sachvie won the under-17 national squash championship.
# Edison High School (Minnesota)

Thomas Edison High School, or simply Edison, is a public high school in the Northeast community of Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States. It was named after the American inventor Thomas Alva Edison. Located in the Holland neighborhood, the school's academic focus areas are: American Studies, Business Enterprise, Candidate International Baccalaureate Middle Years Programme, International Baccalaureate Diploma Programme, Personal Care & Therapeutic Services, and Technology & Multi Media.
The school opened in 1922. Additions have been made to the rear of the building, and a gymnasium was built across Monroe Street. The track and football field are behind this gym, and the school's baseball/softball field is in adjacent Jackson Square Park.

## Demographics

The demographic breakdown of the 958 students enrolled for 2017-18 was:
* Male - 50.0%
* Female - 50.0%
* Native American/Alaskan - 4.5%
* Asian/Pacific islanders - 5.2%
* Black - 53.0%
* Hispanic - 19.1%
* White - 16.7%
* Multiracial - 1.5%
72.1% of the students were eligible for free or reduced lunch.

## Athletics

Edison competes in the following sports, some in co-ops with other schools.
* Fall: Football, Cross Country Running, Girls Tennis, Boys and Girls Soccer, Volleyball, Girls Swimming
* Winter: Dance Team, Wrestling, Boys Swimming, Boys and Girls Basketball, Gymnastics, Boys and Girls Hockey
* Spring: Track and Field, Boys Tennis, Baseball, Badminton, Softball, Boys and Girls Golf

## Notable alumni

* Alan Anderson, basketball player
* Don A. Anderson, Minnesota state senator
* John Billman, football player
* Don Carlson, basketball player
* Joe Dziedzic, professional hockey player
* Kari Dziedzic, Minnesota Senate Majority Leader, state senator
* Walt Dziedzic, Minneapolis city council member
* Stanley J. Fudro, Minnesota state representative, businessman, and toy inventor
* Tony Jaros, basketball player
* Raymond J. Julkowski, Minnesota state representative and lawyer
* Harold Kalina, Minnesota State Senator, Minnesota District Court Judge
* Mesa Kincaid, radio personality
* Richard E. Kraus, Marine Corps Medal of Honor recipient
* John S. Kozlak, Minnesota state representative
* Diane Loeffler, Minnesota state representative
* Mike Mikulak, football player
* Charley “Shooter” Walters, former Minnesota Twins pitcher, current St. Paul Pioneer Press sports columnist
* Ilhan Omar, U.S. Representative
* Anne K. Stokowski, Minnesota state senator
* Eugene E. Stokowski, Minnesota state senator
* Clayton Tonnemaker, football player
# Nizy-le-Comte

Nizy-le-Comte (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Aisne department in Hauts-de-France in northern France. It covers an area of approximately 6.25 square kilometers, with a population density of around 7.72 inhabitants per square kilometer. The commune, with its 2021 population of about 240 residents, is part of the Laon arrondissement.

## History

Nizy-le-Comte was impacted during World War I, experiencing extensive damage. The village has since been rebuilt and now features an 18th-century church and a museum dedicated to the First World War.

## Climate

Climate data for Nizy-le-Comte (1991–2020 averages) :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 15.8 (60.4) | 20.7 (69.3) | 25.0 (77.0) | 28.2 (82.8) | 31.3 (88.3) | 35.3 (95.5) | 41.2 (106.2) | 39.3 (102.7) | 34.2 (93.6) | 27.8 (82.0) | 20.5 (68.9) | 17.0 (62.6) | 41.2 (106.2) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 6.2 (43.2) | 7.4 (45.3) | 11.7 (53.1) | 15.5 (59.9) | 19.2 (66.6) | 22.4 (72.3) | 25.1 (77.2) | 24.8 (76.6) | 20.7 (69.3) | 15.6 (60.1) | 9.8 (49.6) | 6.5 (43.7) | 15.4 (59.7) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 0.6 (33.1) | 0.5 (32.9) | 2.4 (36.3) | 4.3 (39.7) | 7.9 (46.2) | 10.8 (51.4) | 12.7 (54.9) | 12.5 (54.5) | 9.6 (49.3) | 7.0 (44.6) | 3.6 (38.5) | 1.4 (34.5) | 6.1 (43.0) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −15.5 (4.1) | −18.7 (−1.7) | −11.3 (11.7) | −6.8 (19.8) | −1.7 (28.9) | 1.2 (34.2) | 3.3 (37.9) | 3.5 (38.3) | −0.7 (30.7) | −5.9 (21.4) | −11.9 (10.6) | −15.1 (4.8) | −18.7 (−1.7) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 60.4 (2.38) | 52.3 (2.06) | 53.0 (2.09) | 46.9 (1.85) | 60.7 (2.39) | 54.4 (2.14) | 64.0 (2.52) | 67.7 (2.67) | 50.8 (2.00) | 62.6 (2.46) | 61.5 (2.42) | 76.4 (3.01) | 710.7 (27.98) |
| Average precipitation days | 11.7 | 10.3 | 10.3 | 9.4 | 10.1 | 9.1 | 9.1 | 9.1 | 8.6 | 10.2 | 11.6 | 12.9 | 122.4 |
| Source: Météo France ||||||||||||||
# Norm Dickson

Norman Mons Dickson OAM (8 October 1915 – 25 July 2004) was an Australian rules footballer who played with Richmond in the Victorian Football League (VFL).
After being unable to play with Richmond in 1940 due to injury, Dickson enlisted in the Australian Army and served for the last four years of World War II.
Upon his return from active service, Dickson resumed his football career, playing with Northcote in the Victorian Football Association.
After his football career, Dickson moved to South Australia and lived in the Adelaide suburb of Brighton. Dickson worked as a Sales Manager for Esso and managed both the Merino and Grange Golf Clubs, serving as President for three years and club captain for two years at the Grange Golf Club. Dickson and his wife were both awarded the Medal of the Order of Australia (OAM) in June 1998, Norm Dickson's citation reading "for service to the community of Brighton, particularly through the Senior Citizens Club".
# Carl and Esther Lee House

The Carl and Esther Lee House is a historic house at 17493 United States Route 65 West in Damascus, Arkansas. It is a 1+1⁄2-story wood-frame structure, with a stone veneer exterior and cream-colored brick trim. The front facade has projecting gable sections, with a porch sheltered by one such section with curved-arch openings. The larger gables have sunburst brick designs near their peaks. The house was built about 1948; the exterior stonework was done by Silas Owens, Sr., a regionally prominent stonemason. The house exhibits many of Owens's hallmarks, including the use of cream-colored brick, herringbone-patterned stonework, and arched openings.
The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2005.
# Langdon Filling Station

The Langdon Filling Station is a historic automotive service station at 311 Park Avenue in Hot Springs, Arkansas. It is a single-story masonry building, constructed out of concrete blocks and finished with brick veneer, and houses three service bays and a small office and storage area. The building has a steeply-pitched roof with rectangular vents in the English (Tudor) Revival style. Built about 1938, it was used as a service station into the 1990s.
The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2004.
# Naba Konwar

Naba Konwar (born 6 January 1959) is former Indian cricketer. He played first-class cricket for Assam. Konwar was a right-handed batsman and a left-arm medium bowler.
# Ankit Jain

Ankit Jain is an American voting rights attorney who is the United States shadow senator from the District of Columbia. Elected in 2024, he previously worked as an attorney and served as a member on the Ward 2 Advisory Neighborhood Commission. Jain is the first Asian and Indian-American elected official in D.C. history.

## Early life and education

Jain grew up in Fairfax County, Virginia, to parents who immigrated from India. He graduated from James Madison High School and obtained a bachelor's degree the University of Chicago in 2015 before getting a Juris Doctor degree from Columbia Law School in 2019. He worked as an Attorney for the Sierra Club and organized March for Our Lives events while in college.

## Legal career

Jain worked as an attorney for the Sierra Club for four years, working as one of the lead negotiators in securing a settlement that committed the federal government to spending over $1 billion rectifying environmental harm caused by Trump's border wall.
Jain is currently a voting rights attorney supporting the organization FairVote.

## Personal life

Jain is a resident of Ward 2 in the District of Columbia.
# 1917–18 Dartmouth men's ice hockey season

The 1917–18 Dartmouth men's ice hockey season was the 13th season of play for the program.

## Season

Unlike most programs, Dartmouth continued to field a team throughout the duration of World War I. The team did, however, suffer as a result of the war, with many potential players not attending college for the 1917–18 term. Team captain John Murphy also served as the team's coach, though this was in an unofficial capacity as he wasn't employed by the university.
Note: Dartmouth College did not possess a moniker for its athletic teams until the 1920s, however, the university had adopted 'Dartmouth Green' as its school color in 1866.

## Standings

1917–18 Collegiate ice hockey standingsvte :
| | Intercollegiate | Intercollegiate | Intercollegiate | Intercollegiate | Intercollegiate | Intercollegiate | Intercollegiate | Overall | Overall | Overall | Overall | Overall | Overall |
| | GP | W | L | T | PCT. | GF | GA | GP | W | L | T | GF | GA |
| Army | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | .667 | 11 | 5 | 9 | 6 | 3 | 0 | 27 | 9 |
| Boston College | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1.000 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 12 | 7 |
| Boston University | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | .000 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 3 |
| Dartmouth | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | .667 | 10 | 5 | 6 | 2 | 4 | 0 | 16 | 25 |
| Massachusetts Agricultural | 8 | 5 | 2 | 1 | .688 | 22 | 15 | 8 | 5 | 2 | 1 | 22 | 15 |
| Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Rensselaer | 3 | 0 | 2 | 1 | .167 | 1 | 19 | 3 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 19 |
| Tufts | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 4 | 1 | 3 | 0 | – | – |
| Williams | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | .667 | 19 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 19 | 4 |
| Yale | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1.000 | 7 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 7 | 2 |
| YMCA College | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |

## Schedule and results

| Date | Opponent | Site | Result | Record |
| Regular Season |||||
| January 19 | Tufts* | Occom Pond • Hanover, New Hampshire | W 5–0 | 1–0–0 |
| February 1 | at Pittsburgh Athletic Association* | Duquesne Gardens • Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania | L 0–8 | 1–1–0 |
| February 2 | at Pittsburgh Athletic Association* | Duquesne Gardens • Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania | L 5–7 | 1–2–0 |
| February 9 | at Massachusetts Agricultural* | Alumni Field Rink • Amherst, Massachusetts | W 3–0 | 2–2–0 |
| February 16 | Massachusetts Agricultural* | Occom Pond • Hanover, New Hampshire | L 2–5 | 2–3–0 |
| February 22 | at St. Paul's School* | St. Paul's Rink • Concord, New Hampshire | L 1–5 | 2–4–0 |
| *Non-conference game. |||||
# Follow Through Magnet School

Follow Through Magnet School (formerly School 8) is a former elementary school in Buffalo, New York. It served Grades K through 8 and was located at the corner of East Utica Street and Masten Avenue in the city's East Side. It closed in 2004, although it has served as a swing school for other schools that are being reconstructed.

## History

School 8 was built in 1838 at the corners of Franklin and Church Streets, the first school building that was built under the reorganized Buffalo Public Schools district. It came under criticism for its construction as its elaborate design and front pillars were more than required for the new school system. This building would be closed in 1883 due to a lack of enrollment, and the number 8 was transferred to a new school built in the growing East Side. In 1918, this building was destroyed by fire and replaced the following year by the current building. An addition was built to the school in 1961, and had a name change in 1976 as part of the desegregation plan. The building was closed in 2004 due to budget cuts, but served as a swing school for Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. Multicultural Institute, City Honors High School, and School 81 while their home buildings were being reconstructed. The building may be used to house Middle Early College High School and Buffalo's Adult Learning Program beginning with the 2013–2014 school year

### Former principals

Previous assignment and reason for departure denoted in parentheses
* Ms. Ellen C. Bragg
* Mr. Silas Sweet
* Mr. Edward L. Chamberlyn
* Mr. Samuel Slade
* Mr. George H. Stowits
* Ms. Ella D. Barker
* Mr. Dwight D. Walbridge
* Ms. Elsie A. Gazlag
* Mr. Byron Heath
* Mr. Francis B. Snavely
* Ms. Marie B. Mockler
* Mr. Harold D. Axelrod–?-1966
* Mr. Donald Beck–1966-1991
* Ms. Margaret A. Forrester–1991-2001 (Principal - Campus West School, retired)
* Ms. Kathleen Franklin–2001-2004 (Principal - School 82, named Principal of Poplar E.C.C. 11)

### Selected former assistant principals

Previous assignment and reason for departure denoted in parentheses
* Ms. Anne Britt–?-1971 (Teacher - Buffalo Public Schools, retired)
* Mr. Joseph N. Ward–?-1989 (unknown, retired)
* Ms. June Clark–?-2004 (unknown, named Assistant Principal of Community School 53)
# Langhorne House

Langhorne House, also known as the Gwynn Apartments, is an historic late 19th-century house in Danville, Virginia later enlarged and used as an apartment house. Its period of significance is 1922, when Nancy Langhorne Astor, by then known as Lady Astor and the first woman to sit in the British Parliament, came to Danville to visit her birthplace and promote Anglo-American relations.

## History

The original dwelling was built in 1874 as a one-story, central-passage plan structure with a rear ell. It was enlarged in 1878 to add a second story and Italianate-style porch. In 1921, the house was moved to the next lot and further enlarged, with conversion for use as four apartments. The house was attached to a three-story apartment building constructed at its original site. The front facade features a two-tier porch with fluted Doric columns in the Classical Revival style and multiple entries. In 1990, the structure was restored to its appearance in 1922, when Lady Astor made a speech to 5,000 people from the second-story porch of the house.
Named after Civil War veteran and business magnate Chiswell Langhorne, the dwelling was the birthplace of his and his wife's several daughters, all noted for their beauty. Nancy Langhorne (1879-1964) moved to England as a young woman, married Waldorf Astor and won his former seat in the British Parliament in 1919. She returned to Virginia in 1922 to visit her birthplace and to promote relations between the important allies. Her visit to Danville received national coverage in the United States and is significant in local history.
The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2006. Owned by the Lady Astor Preservation Trust, it is located in the Danville Historic District and is open to the public on Saturday afternoons or by appointment.