OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Charles Kinbote

Charles Kinbote is a fictional character who acts as the unreliable narrator in Vladimir Nabokov's novel Pale Fire.

## Academic work

Kinbote appears to be the scholarly author of the foreword, commentary and index surrounding the text of the late John Shade's poem "Pale Fire," which together form the text of Nabokov's novel. In the course of initially academic but increasingly deranged annotations to Shade's text, Kinbote's writing reveals a comic melange of narcissism and megalomania: he believes himself to be a royal figure, the exiled king of Zembla and the real target of the gunman who has in fact murdered Shade. Using the scholarly apparatus of reference and commentary, Kinbote first intertwines his own story with the commentary on Shade's poem, then allows the poem to slide into the background and his perhaps delusional world to move into the spotlight; as Kinbote had hoped John Shade would produce a poem about Zembla's exiled king, this shift provides some satisfaction for Kinbote.

## Zembla

Kinbote's "distant northern land" may or may not exist in the world of the novel. In one interpretation, Kinbote is in fact a failed Eastern European academic probably named Vseslav Botkin, teaching at the same university as Shade. Botkin is desperate for recognition, ridiculed by most of the staff. Shade alone feels pity for him and occasionally indulges Kinbote in long walks around New Wye, the college town where they live.
The concept of a land called Zembla originates in Epistle II of Alexander Pope's An Essay On Man, which includes the cryptic lines:
   Ask where's the North! at York, 'tis on the Tweed;
   In Scotland at the Orcades; and there
   At Greenland, Zembla, or the Lord knows where:

## Structure and Pale Fire's author

The novel's reflexive structure, where neither Kinbote nor Shade truly holds the final word, coupled with apparent allusions to Kinbote's story in the poem, enables critics to debate multiple authorship theories for Pale Fire. These theories include the idea that Shade created Kinbote and penned the commentary himself, as well as the opposing view that Kinbote created Shade. Brian Boyd's book Pale Fire: The Magic of Artistic Discovery thoroughly explores the authorship and interpretive options, eventually settling on a thesis involving intervention in the text by both Shade and his daughter Hazel after their respective deaths. Mary McCarthy, in her 1962 New Republic essay "A Bolt from the Blue" (in which she classed Pale Fire "one of the great works of art of the century"), identified the book's author as Professor V. Botkin. Nabokov himself endorsed this reading, including in a list of possible interview answers at the end of his 1962 diary, "I wonder if any reader will notice the following details: 1) that the nasty commentator is not an ex-king and not even Dr. Kinbote, but Prof. Vseslav Botkin, a Russian and a madman ..."

## Cultural influences

* A character was named after Kinbote in The X-Files episode "Jose Chung's From Outer Space".
# José Ramírez del Río

José Ramírez del Río (born February 10, 1973) is a Spanish assistant professor, scholar, author and politician who has been a member of the Congress of Deputies for the Vox representing the Córdoba constituency.

## Biography

del Río was born in Madrid and attended the University of Seville after finishing high school. He graduated with a degree in Semitic, Arabic and Islamic studies and has published a number of works in these fields. He then completed a PhD in translation. He worked as a lecturer at the University of Seville before becoming a assistant professor of Translation studies at the University of Córdoba in 2007.
He is married with two children.

## Political career

del Río has served as the secretary for the Vox party in Cordoba. Ahead of the April 2019 Spanish general election, he stood as a candidate for the party in the Cordoba constituency and was elected to the Congress of Deputies. He was again re-elected in November 2019.
In politics, del Río has focused on matters related to education. In the Congress, he sits on the committees for Culture and Education. He also supports keeping the borders with Ceuta and Melilla between Morocco closed and has accused the Moroccan government of violating Spanish territorial waters. In line with Vox's policy stance, he also favours ending public subsidies to NGOs and movements which seek to promote regional separatism in Spain and signed a letter with other Vox representatives calling on Spaniards to "defend the homeland against separatism." In 2019, del Río went against Vox's policy which called for the removal of a bust of Abd al-Rahman III in a public square in the town of Cadrete by arguing that "judging past events from the present is absurd." Local politicians from the People's Party and Citizens had also supported the removal of the bust.
# Resale Prices Acts

The Resale Prices Act 1964 (c. 58) was a consolidation Act which when passed, now considered all resale price agreements to be against public interest unless proven otherwise.
Minimum resale price maintenance (MRPM) had ensured that retailers could only sell a product at a price determined by the manufacturer. The abolition of MRPM allowed such retailers to expand; for instance Comet Group transformed from a small electrical retail chain in Yorkshire to a national discount retailer.
The Resale Prices Act 1976 (c. 53) was repealed on 1 March 2000; UK competition law having been previously incorporated into the Competition Act 1998.
# Rod Bower (cricketer)

Rod Bower (born 30 November 1959) is an Australian cricketer. He played thirteen first-class and nine List A matches for New South Wales between 1983/84 and 1986/87.
# Vladimir Tkachenko

Vladimir Petrovich Tkachenko (alternative spelling: Vladimir Tkatchenko) (Russian: Владимир Петрович Ткаченко; born 20 September 1957) is a retired Soviet and Russian professional basketball player. Tkachenko won two Summer Olympic Games medals and three FIBA World Cup medals with the senior men's Soviet Union national team. He was also named both the Euroscar and the Mr. Europa in 1979. His pro club career lasted 17 years.
He was named to the FIBA All-Time EuroStars Team in 2007. He became a FIBA Hall of Fame player in 2015.

## Professional career

Tkachenko began playing with Stroitel of the USSR Premiere League, during the 1973–74 season, when he was 16 years old. He continued to play for them through the 1981–82 season. In 1983, he began playing for the USSR League club CSKA Moscow, and he stayed there through the 1989–90 season. He finished his club career in the former Spanish 2nd division, with Guadalajara, in the 1990–91 season.

## National team career

From 1976 to 1987, Tkachenko played on the senior men's Soviet Union national team, participating in many FIBA EuroBasket and FIBA World Cup competitions. With the Soviet national team, he won numerous medals, including: two bronze medals, at the 1976 Summer Olympic Games and at the 1980 Summer Olympic Games, the gold medal at the 1982 FIBA World Championship (also silver medals at the 1978 FIBA World Championship and the 1986 FIBA World Championship); as well as three gold medals at the FIBA EuroBasket: at the FIBA EuroBasket 1979, the FIBA EuroBasket 1981, and the FIBA EuroBasket 1985 (also silvers at the FIBA EuroBasket 1977 and the FIBA EuroBasket 1987).

## Player profile

Tkachenko, a 7 ft 3 in (2.21 m), 243 lb (110 kg) center, was a great defensive player. He could block out 2-3 opponents to give teammates a chance to grab a rebound. His offensive ability was important too, as his post up moves were basic, but effective, and his shooting was good for a player of his size, with a range of approximately 17 feet.
# Punasa

Punasa is a town and a Nagar panchayat in Khandwa district of Madhya Pradesh, India. It is also a Tehsil Headquarter.

## Geography

Punasa is located at 22°14′N 76°23′E﻿ / ﻿22.23°N 76.38°E﻿ / 22.23; 76.38 and has an average elevation of 244 m (801 ft).
Punasa is an ancient city, with many places of worship, like many other cities in India. The city is over a thousand years old and is surrounded by a forest in the Narmada river valley. It is 120 km (75 mi) from Indore, the commercial capital of the state.

## Demographics

It had a total population of 7,225 as per the 2011 Census of India.

## Indira Sagar Dam

The Indira Sagar Dam is a multipurpose project of the state Madhya Pradesh on the Narmada River at the town of Narmada Nagar, Punasa in the Khandwa district of Madhya Pradesh in India. The foundation stone of the project was laid by late Smt Indira Gandhi, former Prime Minister of India on 23 October 1984. The construction of the main dam started in 1992. The downstream projects of ISP are Omkareshwar, Maheshwar, and Sardar Sarovar Project. To build it, a town of 22,000 people and 100 villages were displaced.

## Transportation

Punasa is 55 km away from District Headquarter. Punasa is connected by private bus services to all nearest major cities.
# High-capacity mass transit route, Pune

The High-capacity mass transit route, Pune is a ring road proposed by the Pune Municipal Corporation for city of Pune. Such a road was proposed way back in the late 1970s. This will pass through the suburbs of Bopodi, Aundh, Shivajinagar, Erandawane, Kothrud, Duttawadi, Parvati, Bibewadi, Wanawadi, Salasburry Park, Hadapsar, Mundhwa, Kalyaninagar, Yerawada and Kalas comprising an expected total length of 35.96 kilometres having 34 junctions with existing roads of the city which includes 17 up ramps and 16 down ramps. Average speed on this road is expected to be 21 kmph. The primary goal is to reduce traffic congestion along with air & noise pollution. A Bus Rapid Transit system was proposed on this route but was later replaced by a neo metro project.
# Dobji Dzong

Dobji Dzong is a dzong monastery in Bhutan, on a ridge on the national highway from Thimphu to Haa, Paro District, just a few kilometers south of the confluence of the Paro and Thimphu rivers at Chuzom. It is 6,600 feet. Today the dzong houses a monastic school with 35 monks. It was featured in the 2003 film by Bhutanese lama, Travellers and Magicians.
The utse (tower), which previously served as Dogar Penlop's residence, and later as a jail, is undergoing a Nu.36.4 million renovation funded by the King of Bhutan.
The sacred statue of Jetsun Milarepa that is in the shrine, is believed to have been brought from Druk Ralung in Tibet.

## History

Dobji Dzong was built in 1531 by Ngawang Chogyal who was the brother of Lam Drukpa Kuenley known as "The Divine Madman". He named the new fortress Dogar Druk Chokhorgang, meaning "Stone Castle of Bhutan". According to legend, he chose the site by tracing an underground stream from the Ralung monastery in Tibet to its outlet at a boulder above the present fortress. This sacred spring, later dubbed the Dobdrek Drub Chu, is believed to have magical healing properties.
The utse is the oldest structure, part of the original grounds. Its survival despite a series of earthquakes is attributed to a terma (revealed treasure) stored on the top floor—a statue that depicts Guru Rinpoche. The image was defaced by a ninth-century Tibetan king, who smashed the statue's left ear with a hammer, prompting it to speak aloud: "I would like to be in service of all sentient beings". After that, the statue was considered a sacred object. The Dobji penlop had it mounted into an amulet that he could wear, though it usually resided in the temple at the top of the tower.
# Bloody Bay poison frog

The Bloody Bay poison frog or Tobago poison frog (Mannophryne olmonae) is a species of frog in the family Aromobatidae. It is endemic to Tobago Island and Little Tobago Island in Trinidad and Tobago.

## Description

The adult male frog measures 21.0 mm ± 2.4 mm in snout-vent length and the adult female frog 21.6 mm ± 2.2 mm. The skin of the dorsum is brown in color. There is a green mark in the shape of the letter X on the back that connects to the interorbital area. There is a mark in the shape of the letter V on the back nearer the posterior end. There is a light brown stripe edged in gray and a yellow stripe, also edged in gray, on each side of the body. The upper surfaces of the legs are light brown in color with dark marks and two yellow marks. There is yellow pigmentation on the belly.

## Habitat

This frog lives near streams in forests. Almost all of the forests in Tobago are secondary forests, former cacao plantations that have been growing back since the early 20th century. Scientists saw the frog between 30 and 4900 meters above sea level.
One of the places the frog lives is a protected rain reserve called Tobago Main Ridge Forest Reserve.

## Reproduction

The male frogs sit in crevices in rocks or on piles of rocks and call to the female frogs. The female frogs lay eggs on land. The male frogs guard the eggs. After the eggs hatch, the male frogs carry the tadpoles until they can swim. People have seen male Mannophryne olmonae with as many as 19 tadpoles on their backs at the same time. The male frogs choose water near streams but not in streams. These areas have fewer predators. Scientists say the tadpoles are probably detrivores. The tadpoles are dark brown in color. The tadpole's body is 8.0 mm wide and 10.8 mm long. Its tail is 24.5 mm long. So the tadpole is 35.3 mm long.

## Threats

The IUCN classifies this frog as vulnerable to extinction. In 2006, it had been classified as critically endangered, probably due to habitat loss. Scientists also detected the fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis in these frogs, but they believe the disease chytridiomycosis is endemic to this species rather than lethal. The Republic of Trinidad and Tobago established Environmentally Sensitive Areas to protect frogs and other living things and the population has recovered somewhat.

## Original description

* Hardy (1983). "A new frog of the genus Colostethus from the island of Tobago, West Indies (Anura: Dendrobatidae).". Bulletin Maryland Herpetological Society. 19 (2): 47–57.
# Danny Verpaele

Danny Verpaele (born October 5, 1985) is an American college football coach and former player who serves as the safeties coach for the Army Black Knights. He played as a safety at USF.

## Early life

Danny Verpaele was born on October 5, 1985, in Cocoa Beach, Florida.

## Career
### High school

Verpaele was a four-year lettermen for the Merritt Island Mustangs. In his junior year (2002–2003), Verpaele led the Mustangs to the regional semifinals, losing to Drew Weatherford-led Land O' Lakes High School 20-14 on November 29, 2002. Verpaele was a Class 4A Second-Team All-State selectee in 2002.
In 2003, his senior year, Verpaele erupted, passing for 1,531 yards and rushing for 1,015. Verpaele led the Mustangs to the regional final championship but they fell short, losing 27-0 to Washington High School on December 5, 2003. Verpaele also played defensive back and was voted Brevard County All-Space Coast Defensive Player of the Year by the Florida Today. the Orlando Sentinel voted Verpaele to its All-Central Florida team and he was ranked as the 68th Best Prospect in the state of Florida. In 2003, Verpaele was again voted to the Class 4A All-State Second Team. Verpaele holds the distinction as being the first player in school history to start all four years.

### College

Verpaele played 11 games during 2004, having 25 solo tackles, and 32 assisted tackles for 57 tackles in total. Verpaele had 2 sacks, 6 tackles for a loss of 13 yards, one pass break up, and one fumble recover. Verpaele earned a sporting news' Third-Team Freshman All-American honor. Verpaele did not participate in 2005 due to a broken ankle. Verpaele played 13 games during 2006, doing 26 solo tackles, 13 assisted for a total of 39. Verpaele had a tackle for a loss and an interception against North Carolina Tar Heels, returning it 26 yards. On November 25, 2006, against West Virginia Mountaineers, Verpaele hit Steve Slaton who was running back on the goal line, forcing a fumble. Verpaele's team would beat its highest ranked opponent at that time, beating 24 by 19. Verpaele recorded 5 tackles, broke up 3 passes during the win against East Carolina Pirates in the 2006 PapaJohns.com Bowl.
# 24th Separate Guards Special Forces Brigade

The 24th Separate Guards Order of Zhukov Special Forces Brigade (24-й отдельной гвардейская ордена Жукова бригады специального назначения) is a special forces (spetsnaz) brigade of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation.
It had its origins in a separate company of special designation of the Main Intelligence Directorate (the GRU). On October 1, 1961, in accordance with the directive of the General Staff of the USSR Armed Forces No. OSH/2/347491 dated August 26, 1961, the 806th independent Company of Special Designation (or in Western terms Special Forces) (Military Unit 64656) numbering 117 people was formed in the Transbaikal Military District with direct subordination to the district headquarters.
The 24th Spetsnaz Brigade was established on 1 November 1977 at Nara-Byrka (Yasnaya), Chita Oblast, in the Transbaikal Military District at a former R-16 (SS-7) Strategic Rocket Forces support site, by expanding the previous company. Initially, only a command team and the 1st Battalion were deployed. In 1980, the 2nd battalion was deployed.
In 1988, the brigade was transferred to Kykhta, Buryatia, in 2002, to Sosnovyy-Bor, Buryatskaya and in 2012 to Novosibirsk.

## Structure

* Brigade HQ
** Signals Company
** Special Weapons Company
** Logistics Unit
* 281st Special Purpose Detachment
* 297th Special Purpose Detachment
* 641th Special Purpose Detachment
* "Vega" Spetsnaz Detachment

## History
### Afghanistan

In 1984, the 281st separate special forces unit was formed on the basis of the 24th obrSpN and sent to fight in the Soviet–Afghan War.

### Chechnya

The 281st separate special forces unit fought in the First Chechen War in 1994-1996.

### North Caucasus

The brigade formed a combined unit that conducted reconnaissance and combat operations in the North Caucasus from 5 September to 26 December 2000. After a six-month deployment to the North Caucasus, the detachment (1st b-n) returned to the place of permanent deployment in December 2006. As of October 2012, the combined battalion was deployed to Ingushetia.

### 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine

This brigade participated in the invasion of Ukraine in 2022. On 31 May, President Vladimir Putin granted Guard status to the GRU/GU's 24th Spetsnaz Brigade. The brigade reportedly played a key role in the fighting in Lyman. The brigade then participated in the Pokrovsk offensive.
# Cougar Gold cheese

Cougar Gold is an American Cheddar cheese produced at Ferdinand's Creamery on the Washington State University campus in Pullman, Washington. Like other cheeses sold at the creamery, Cougar Gold is notable for being sold exclusively in 30 oz (850 g) tin cans. Cougar Gold is a white, sharp cheddar that is aged at least one year. It has a nutty flavor somewhat resembling Swiss or Gouda. When properly refrigerated, Cougar Gold is claimed to last indefinitely in the can. An unopened can becomes more flavorful, sharp, dry and crumbly with age. Approximately 250,000 cans of Cougar Cheese are produced annually, with around 80% of it being Cougar Gold.
The WSU Creamery produces eight different flavors of cheese as well as many ice cream flavors. Washington State University students are employed to produce the cheese and ice cream and to sell products in Ferdinand's Ice Cream Shoppe as well as in the Creamery's Direct Marketing Department that ships cheese nationwide.
WSU started making cheese in cans in the 1940s when the US government and American Can Company funded WSU's research to find a way to successfully keep the cheese in tins. Cougar Gold was developed during this time and was named after Norman S. Golding, one of the men involved in its production.
In 1993, the American Cheese Society awarded Cougar Gold with a blue ribbon, and in 1995, the cheese earned the United States Cheese Champion silver medal. Cougar Gold later received a silver medal at the 2000 World Cheese Awards and a gold medal at the 2006 World Cheese Awards."2006 World Cheese Awards". The Nibble. July 1, 2006. Retrieved December 14, 2022.
# Cameron Spikes

Cameron Spikes (born November 6, 1976) is an American former professional football guard in the National Football League (NFL). He was selected by the St. Louis Rams in the fifth round of the 1999 NFL draft. He played college football at Texas A&M.

## College career

At Texas A&M Spikes was a starting tackle in 1997 and moved to guard in 1998

## Professional career
### Pre-draft

Pre-draft measurables :
| Height | Weight | 40-yard dash | 10-yard split | 20-yard split | 20-yard shuttle | Three-cone drill | Vertical jump | Broad jump | Bench press |
| 6 ft 3+1⁄4 in (1.91 m) | 314 lb (142 kg) | 5.00 s | 1.73 s | 2.91 s | 4.36 s | 7.51 s | 32+1⁄2 in (0.83 m) | 9 ft 9 in (2.97 m) | 23 reps |
| All from NFL Combine. ||||||||||

### St. Louis Rams

The Rams selected Spikes in the fifth round of the 1999 NFL draft with the 145th overall pick. He played in 19 games for the Rams from 1999 to 2001.

### Houston Texans

Spikes played 12 games with five starts in 2002.

### Arizona Cardinals

In 2003, Spikes won a starting job on the Arizona Cardinals, playing in and starting 16 games in 2003 and playing in 16 games (with 9 starts) in 2004.