# 1914 Indianapolis 500

The 4th International 500-Mile Sweepstakes Race was held at the Indianapolis Motor Speedway on Saturday, May 30, 1914.
René Thomas was the race winner, accompanied by riding mechanic Robert Laly.

## Background
### Race history

The Indianapolis Motor Speedway opened in 1909, and the first motorsport event at the track, a series of motorcycle races, was held in August of that year. A series of automobile races were held in 1909, but concerns were raised about the condition of the course after numerous accidents, including a fatality. The track was re-paved at a high-cost to Carl G. Fisher and the Indianapolis Motor Speedway Corporation, and further series of races took place in 1910. Fisher was worried about the dwindling attendances at these races, and decided to establish a 500-mile race; double the furthest distance of any previous race at the track. He went on to announce that the track would host no other races during the year, and that the prize for first place would be $25,000: more than 10 times higher than any other race. The total prize-fund was $85,000. Fisher's plans paid off, and at the 1911 Indianapolis 500, the inaugural event, newspapers reported that in excess of 80,000 people attended the race. Each of the first two races were won by Americans; Ray Harroun in 1911 and Joe Dawson in 1912. In 1913, the large prize-fund attracted European teams and racers, and the race was won by Jules Goux in a Peugeot.

### Rule changes

During the 1913 race, Jules Goux and his riding mechanic had drunk 4⁄5 pints of champagne, during each of his pit stops. For 1914, the consumption of alcohol during the race was banned. Riding mechanics were mandatory for the 1914 race. The maximum engine size remained unchanged at 450 cubic inches (7,400 cc) of engine displacement.

## Report
### Elimination trials

There were 45 entrants for the race, but only the quickest 30 drivers during the elimination trials would qualify for the race. The first day of trials was completed on the Monday before the race, 25 May. Caleb Bragg set the fastest official time on the first day, recording 1:36.8, though it was reckoned that Howdy Wilcox went quicker, but his time was not officially recorded. Ralph DePalma, a crowd favourite, struggled in his Mercedes and could only manage a quickest time of 1:47.4, slower than the 1:45 that it was predicted drivers would have to beat in order to qualify. Only fifteen of the drivers ran on the first day, and they continued with two sessions on the Tuesday. On the second day, three drivers set record times around the Speedway: first the 1912 winner, Joe Dawson, set an unofficial lap time of 1:34.8. Later in the day Teddy Tetzlaff completed a lap in 1:33.4, while Jules Goux finished the day as the fastest driver, with a time of 1:31.7. Tetzlaff's lap was completed in a Maxwell which was fuelled with a 50:50 mix of gasoline and kerosene; the other Maxwell, driven by Billy Carlson, set a time of 1:36.6 fuelled by a combination of kerosene and lucubrating oil, with no gasoline. Ray Harroun, who had won the inaugural Indianapolis 500 in 1911, designed the Maxwell car, and was given $10,000 (equivalent to $304,000 in 2023) by the company's president as a reward for the cars qualifying with sub-1:37 times.
By the end of the second day, 21 drivers had completed speed trials, and all but DePalma and Eddie Pullen had times below 1:45. Hughie Hughes's car suffered a broken crank case, preventing him from being able to set a qualifying time. On the final day of the trials, DePalma managed to make significant improvements in his Mercedes, and qualified with the twentieth fastest time overall, in 1:42.12. Georges Boillot set the overall fastest time, edging out his teammate Goux by completing a lap in 1:30.13, exceeding 125 miles per hour (201 km/h) along the straights. The slowest of the thirty qualifiers was Harry Grant in a Sunbeam, with a lap time of 1:44.09.

### Build up

After the rigours of the elimination trials, DePalma withdrew from the race, claiming that his car had been vibrating so heavily that his engine would not survive the race. His place was taken by Ray Gilhooley in the Italian-built Isotta car. Gilhooley was known as a fearless, and sometimes erratic, driver who was feared by his peers, as they considered him unpredictable. DePalma claimed that he had twice seen Gilhooley "tear through a wooden fence at full tilt" on occasions when Gilhooley risked overtakes on dangerous corners. The bookmakers made the 1913 race winner, Goux, the favourite, followed by his Peugeot teammate Boillot. Although the Frenchmen were accepted to be driving the quickest cars, there was some belief in the American press that their English tires might not be as durable as American tires, which could improve the chances of the American drivers.

### Race

The starting lineup for the race was determined by random draw the night before the race amongst the qualified drivers. Frenchman Jean Chassagne drew pole position, while Teddy Tetzlaff and Howdy Wilcox completed the front row. Wilcox led the first lap of the race, but the European drivers dominated the day, with five of the top six finishing positions going to them. René Thomas, driving a French-made Delage, led 102 laps en route to victory, setting a new record average speed of 82.47 mph (132.72 km/h). Belgian Arthur Duray finished second after leading 77 laps, roughly 6 minutes 38 seconds behind Thomas. Barney Oldfield finished as the highest place American in fifth placed.

## Classification
### Elimination trials

| Pos | No. | Driver | Time |
| 1 | 7 | Georges Boillot (FRA) | 1:30.17 |
| 2 | 6 | Jules Goux (FRA) | 1:31.71 |
| 3 | 8 | Teddy Tetzlaff (USA) | 1:33.4 |
| 4 | 16 | René Thomas (FRA) | 1:35.2 |
| 5 | 26 | Joe Dawson (USA) | 1:36.2 |
| 6 | 25 | Billy Carlson (USA) | 1:36.4 |
| 7 | 21 | Caleb Bragg (USA) | 1:36.8 |
| 8 | 19 | Spencer Wishart (USA) | 1:37.1 |
| 9 | 9 | Josef Christiaens (BEL) | 1:38.67 |
| 10 | 4 | Howdy Wilcox (USA) | 1:39.16 |
| 11 | 24 | Gil Andersen (USA) | 1:39.46 |
| 12 | 17 | Bob Burman (USA) | 1:39.55 |
| 13 | 14 | Arthur Duray (BEL) | 1:40 |
| 14 | 31 | Billy Knipper (USA) | 1:40.48 |
| 15 | 43 | Willie Haupt (USA) | 1:40.68 |
| 16 | 10 | Albert Guyot (FRA) | 1:40.95 |
| 17 | 12 | Jean Chassagne (FRA) | 1:41.01 |
| 18 | 23 | Ralph Mulford (USA) | 1:42.03 |
| 19 | 42 | Eddie Rickenbacker (USA) | 1:42.11 |
| 20 | 18 | Ralph DePalma (USA) | 1:42.12 |
| 21 | 2 | Earl Cooper (USA) | 1:42.25 |
| 22 | 48 | S. F. Brock (USA) | 1:42.47 |
| 23 | 34 | Ernest Friderich (FRA) | 1:42.59 |
| 24 | 38 | Billy Chandler (USA) | 1:42.81 |
| 25 | 3 | Barney Oldfield (USA) | 1:43.15 |
| 26 | 13 | George Mason (USA) | 1:43.22 |
| 27 | 5 | Charles Keene (USA) | 1:43.6 |
| 28 | 15 | Art Klein (USA) | 1:43.6 |
| 29 | 1 | Louis Disbrow (USA) | 1:43.7 |
| 30 | 27 | Harry Grant (USA) | 1:44.09 |

## Starting grid

The starting grid was determined by a random draw the night before the race.
| Row | Inside | Inside | Inside Center | Inside Center | Outside Center | Outside Center | Outside | Outside |
| 1 | Pace car position | Pace car position | 12 | Jean Chassagne R | 8 | Teddy Tetzlaff | 4 | Howdy Wilcox |
| 2 | 38 | Billy Chandler R | 25 | Billy Carlson R | 23 | Ralph Mulford | 9 | Josef Christiaens R |
| 3 | 15 | Art Klein R | 21 | Caleb Bragg | 14 | Arthur Duray R | 10 | Albert Guyot |
| 4 | 31 | Billy Knipper | 13 | George Mason R | 2 | Earl Cooper R | 16 | René Thomas R |
| 5 | 24 | Gil Andersen | 26 | Joe Dawson W | 34 | Ernest Friderich R | 6 | Jules Goux W |
| 6 | 49 | Ray Gilhooley R | 48 | S. F. Brock R | 17 | Bob Burman | 42 | Eddie Rickenbacker |
| 7 | 1 | Louis Disbrow | 19 | Spencer Wishart | 27 | Harry Grant | 5 | Charles Keene R |
| 8 | 43 | Willie Haupt | 7 | Georges Boillot R | 3 | Barney Oldfield | | |

## Box score

| Finish | No. | Driver | Entrant | Chassis | Engine | Laps | Time / retired | Grid |
| 1 | 16 | René Thomas R | Louis Delâge | Delage | Delage | 200 | 6:03:45.99 | 15 |
| 2 | 14 | Arthur Duray R | Peugeot (Jacques Munier) | Peugeot | Peugeot | 200 | + 6:38.50 | 10 |
| 3 | 10 | Albert Guyot | Delage (Albert Guyot) | Delage | Delage | 200 | + 10:15.76 | 11 |
| 4 | 6 | Jules Goux W | Peugeot (Jules Goux) | Peugeot | Peugeot | 200 | + 13:38.27 | 19 |
| 5 | 3 | Barney Oldfield R (Gil Andersen) | Stutz | Stutz | Wisconsin | 200 | + 20:05.55 | 30 |
| 6 | 9 | Josef Christiaens R | Excelsior (Josef Christiaens) | Excelsior | Excelsior | 200 | + 23:38.01 | 7 |
| 7 | 27 | Harry Grant | Sunbeam | Sunbeam | Sunbeam | 200 | + 32:36.71 | 26 |
| 8 | 5 | Charles Keene R (C. L. Rogers) | Beaver Bullet (Charles Keene) | Keene | Wisconsin | 200 | + 37:11.83 | 27 |
| 9 | 25 | Billy Carlson R (Harry Goetz) (Jack LeCain) | Maxwell / U.S. Motor | Maxwell | Maxwell | 200 | + 58:56.61 | 5 |
| 10 | 42 | Eddie Rickenbacker | Duesenberg | Duesenberg | Duesenberg | 200 | + 59:48.60 | 23 |
| 11 | 23 | Ralph Mulford | Mercedes (E.J. Schroeder) | Mercedes | Mercedes | 200 | + 1:07:34.01 | 6 |
| 12 | 43 | Willie Haupt | Duesenberg | Duesenberg | Duesenberg | 200 | + 1:26:12.01 | 28 |
| 13 | 31 | Billy Knipper (Bob Burman) | Keeton | Keeton | Wisconsin | 200 | + 1:32:56.01 | 12 |
| 14 | 7 | Georges Boillot R | Peugeot (Georges Boillot) | Peugeot | Peugeot | 141 | Broken frame | 29 |
| 15 | 34 | Ernest Friderich R | Ettore Bugatti | Bugatti | Bugatti | 134 | Drive pinion | 18 |
| 16 | 1 | Louis Disbrow | Bob Burman | Burman | Wisconsin | 128 | Connecting rod | 24 |
| 17 | 19 | Spencer Wishart | Mercer | Mercer | Mercer | 122 | Cam gear | 25 |
| 18 | 2 | Earl Cooper R (Bill Rader) | Stutz | Stutz | Wisconsin | 118 | Wheel | 14 |
| 19 | 21 | Caleb Bragg (Eddie Pullen) | Mercer | Mercer | Mercer | 117 | Camshaft | 9 |
| 20 | 15 | Art Klein R | King (Art Klein) | King | Wisconsin | 87 | Valve | 8 |
| 21 | 38 | Billy Chandler R | Braender Bulldog | Mulford | Duesenberg | 69 | Connecting rod | 4 |
| 22 | 4 | Howdy Wilcox | Gray Fox (Frank Fox) | Fox | Pope-Hartford | 67 | Valve | 3 |
| 23 | 13 | George Mason R (Lee Oldfield) | Mason Special | Duesenberg | Duesenberg | 66 | Piston | 13 |
| 24 | 17 | Bob Burman | Bob Burman | Burman | Wisconsin | 47 | Connecting rod | 22 |
| 25 | 26 | Joe Dawson W | Marmon (Charles Ebstein) | Marmon | Marmon | 45 | Crash | 17 |
| 26 | 24 | Gil Andersen | Stutz | Stutz | Wisconsin | 42 | Cylinder bolts | 16 |
| 27 | 49 | Ray Gilhooley R | Isotta (G.M. Heckschew) | Isotta | Isotta | 41 | Crash | 20 |
| 28 | 8 | Teddy Tetzlaff | Maxwell / U.S. Motor | Maxwell | Maxwell | 33 | Rocker arm | 2 |
| 29 | 12 | Jean Chassagne R | Sunbeam | Sunbeam | Sunbeam | 20 | Crash | 1 |
| 30 | 48 | S. F. Brock R | Ray | Mercer | Wisconsin | 5 | Camshaft | 21 |
| Sources: MotorSport magazine, Racing-Reference |||||||||
Note: Relief drivers in parentheses
W Former Indianapolis 500 winner
R Indianapolis 500 Rookie

### Race statistics

Lap Leaders :
| Laps | Leader |
| 1 | Howdy Wilcox |
| 2–4 | Josef Christiaens |
| 5 | Jules Goux |
| 6 | Josef Christiaens |
| 7 | Caleb Bragg |
| 8–12 | Josef Christiaens |
| 13–29 | René Thomas |
| 30–66 | Arthur Duray |
| 67-75 | Albert Guyot |
| 76–115 | Arthur Duray |
| 116–200 | René Thomas |
Total laps led :
| Laps | Leader |
| René Thomas | 102 |
| Arthur Duray | 77 |
| Josef Christiaens | 9 |
| Albert Guyot | 9 |
| Caleb Bragg | 1 |
| Jules Goux | 1 |
| Howdy Wilcox | 1 |

## Gallery

* Winner René Thomas
* Josef Christiaens
* Georges Boillot