# Gore Bay, Ontario

Gore Bay is a town on Manitoulin Island in Ontario, Canada. Located on the namesake Gore Bay, a bay of Lake Huron's North Channel, it is one of the two incorporated towns of Manitoulin District, of which it is the administrative and government seat.
The town's name is believed to be referencing the gore-shaped harbour. Other theories for the namesake are probably for Francis Gore (1769–1852), Lieutenant-Governor of Upper Canada from 1806 to 1817, or after the steamer Gore (c. 1839 and scrapped 1861), which ran between Sault Ste. Marie and Collingwood from 1860 to 1870.

## History

After the Treaty of 1862, Manitoulin Island was open for white settlement. Small towns began to emerge from the wilderness, and hotels were developed to provide lodgings for prospective land purchasers. This led to the formation of the town Gore Bay. It was incorporated as a town on 7 April 1890.
Boats were regularly traveling from Sault Ste. Marie, Collingwood, and Owen Sound; establishing regular ports of call on Manitoulin Island, specifically Gore Bay, and prospering hotels due to increased traffic. The new hotel industry in Gore Bay welcomed commercial travellers, fishermen, doctors, lumbermen and tourists.
Three hotels served Gore Bay for many years:
* The Atlantic Hotel
* The Campbell House, located on the harbour
* The Ocean House and Pacific Hotel
Community life in Gore Bay has always been closely connected to water, in fact before roads were built, water was the only means available for travellers to get to the port of Gore Bay by boat. Boats would arrive and leave town with goods until the late 1950s, meaning the population was also quite low in the town's early years.

## Demographics

In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Gore Bay had a population of 808 living in 382 of its 421 total private dwellings, a change of -6.8% from its 2016 population of 867. With a land area of 5.14 km$^2$ (1.98 sq mi), it had a population density of 157.2/km$^2$ (407.1/sq mi) in 2021.
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1891 | 472 | — |
| 1901 | 723 | +53.2% |
| 1911 | 703 | −2.8% |
| 1921 | 635 | −9.7% |
| 1931 | 672 | +5.8% |
| 1941 | 702 | +4.5% |
| 1951 | 752 | +7.1% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1956 | 731 | −2.8% |
| 1961 | 716 | −2.1% |
| 1966 | 693 | −3.2% |
| 1971 | 770 | +11.1% |
| 1976 | 767 | −0.4% |
| 1981 | 777 | +1.3% |
| 1986 | 829 | +6.7% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1991 | 916 | +10.5% |
| 1996 | 907 | −1.0% |
| 2001 | 898 | −1.0% |
| 2006 | 924 | +2.9% |
| 2011 | 850 | −8.0% |
| 2016 | 867 | +2.0% |
| 2021 | 808 | −6.8% |
Source: Statistics Canada :

## Economy

Manitoulin Transport, one of Canada's largest trucking companies, is based in Gore Bay.
The first Gore Bay Highschool (which went up to grade 13, which wasn't common in Manitoulin district) now houses the Manitoulin Lodge Nursing home, and the only nursing home is located in Gore Bay. There is no longer any high school in Gore Bay; students get bussed to surrounding communities like M'Chigeeng First Nation/West Bay.

## Tourist attractions

* Gore Bay Museum – What now houses the Gore Bay Museum used to be the courthouse, a land office and a home for the jailer—with jail cells erected from 1889 when Gore Bay became the judicial seat of Manitoulin Island.
* East Bluff Lookout
* The Queens Hotel/Inn
* All Saints Anglican Church – oldest building in Gore Bay after the town went into flames in 1908.

## Climate

Gore Bay experiences a humid continental climate (Dfb). The highest temperature ever recorded in Gore Bay was 37.8 °C (100 °F) on 13 July 1936. The coldest temperature ever recorded was −38.9 °C (−38 °F) on 15 February 1943.
Climate data for Gore Bay-Manitoulin Airport, 1991−2020 normals, extremes 1915−present :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 9.4 (48.9) | 11.5 (52.7) | 22.2 (72.0) | 27.5 (81.5) | 30.6 (87.1) | 33.9 (93.0) | 37.8 (100.0) | 35.6 (96.1) | 34.4 (93.9) | 26.7 (80.1) | 20.0 (68.0) | 15.0 (59.0) | 37.8 (100.0) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −4.4 (24.1) | −3.6 (25.5) | 1.5 (34.7) | 9.0 (48.2) | 16.4 (61.5) | 21.9 (71.4) | 24.4 (75.9) | 24.0 (75.2) | 19.5 (67.1) | 12.2 (54.0) | 5.4 (41.7) | −0.3 (31.5) | 10.5 (50.9) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −9.0 (15.8) | −8.7 (16.3) | −3.5 (25.7) | 4.0 (39.2) | 11.0 (51.8) | 16.5 (61.7) | 19.4 (66.9) | 19.1 (66.4) | 14.9 (58.8) | 8.3 (46.9) | 2.2 (36.0) | −3.8 (25.2) | 5.9 (42.6) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −13.6 (7.5) | −13.8 (7.2) | −8.5 (16.7) | −1.1 (30.0) | 5.4 (41.7) | 11.0 (51.8) | 14.3 (57.7) | 14.1 (57.4) | 10.2 (50.4) | 4.5 (40.1) | −1.1 (30.0) | −7.2 (19.0) | 1.2 (34.2) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −37.5 (−35.5) | −38.9 (−38.0) | −32.3 (−26.1) | −23.3 (−9.9) | −7.8 (18.0) | −1.7 (28.9) | 1.1 (34.0) | 0.0 (32.0) | −3.9 (25.0) | −9.4 (15.1) | −26.1 (−15.0) | −36.1 (−33.0) | −38.9 (−38.0) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 45.1 (1.78) | 29.8 (1.17) | 63.5 (2.50) | 67.1 (2.64) | 61.2 (2.41) | 64.7 (2.55) | 47.7 (1.88) | 65.1 (2.56) | 88.1 (3.47) | 107.3 (4.22) | 97.2 (3.83) | 70.5 (2.78) | 804.1 (31.66) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 10.5 (0.41) | 4.1 (0.16) | 41.7 (1.64) | 56.7 (2.23) | 61.1 (2.41) | 64.7 (2.55) | 47.7 (1.88) | 65.1 (2.56) | 88.1 (3.47) | 105.8 (4.17) | 71.8 (2.83) | 28.6 (1.13) | 645.9 (25.43) |
| Average snowfall cm (inches) | 69.7 (27.4) | 47.0 (18.5) | 33.2 (13.1) | 14.0 (5.5) | 0.2 (0.1) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 2.0 (0.8) | 31.5 (12.4) | 80.2 (31.6) | 277.8 (109.4) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.2 mm) | 17.7 | 12.1 | 11.1 | 12.7 | 11.7 | 11.7 | 9.0 | 11.1 | 13.3 | 14.6 | 15.9 | 17.8 | 158.8 |
| Average rainy days (≥ 0.2 mm) | 2.8 | 2.2 | 6.2 | 10.7 | 11.8 | 11.9 | 9.0 | 11.2 | 13.4 | 14.9 | 11.4 | 5.2 | 110.5 |
| Average snowy days (≥ 0.2 cm) | 17.7 | 11.9 | 7.7 | 3.9 | 0.2 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.7 | 7.0 | 15.9 | 64.9 |
| Average relative humidity (%) (at 15:00 LST) | 74.3 | 70.0 | 63.6 | 57.9 | 56.9 | 58.5 | 59.0 | 60.8 | 64.7 | 68.2 | 73.4 | 77.6 | 65.4 |
| Source: Environment Canada (precipitation/rainfall/snowfall 1981–2010) ||||||||||||||

## Transportation

Highway 540A and Highway 540B are the main roads in the town.
Gore Bay-Manitoulin Airport is located west southwest of Gore Bay, and one of two airports on Manitoulin Island. The airport is a general aviation facility.

## Notable people

* Ken Mackenzie. former baseball player for the New York Mets
* National Hockey League player Bobby Burns.