OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Stewart Duke-Elder

Sir William Stewart Duke-Elder GCVO FRS FRCP FRCS (22 April 1898 – 27 March 1978) was a Scottish ophthalmologist, a dominant force in his field for more than a quarter of a century.

## Life

Duke-Elder was born in the manse in Tealing near Dundee. His father, Rev Neil Stewart Elder, was the village minister of the Free Church of Scotland. His mother was Isabelle Duke, daughter of Rev John Duke of the Free Church in Campsie, Stirlingshire.
Duke-Elder was educated at Morgan Academy in Dundee, and was school dux for 1914–1915.
Duke-Elder entered the University of St Andrews in 1915 on scholarship, and graduated in 1919 with a BSc in Physiology and MA (Hons) in Natural Sciences. He graduated from the University of St Andrews School of Medicine in 1923 with an MB ChB. In 1925, he earned an MD from St Andrews for his dissertation on 'Reaction of the eye to changes in osmotic pressure of the blood'.
In 1927, Duke-Elder earned a DSc from St Andrews for his thesis on "The nature of the intraocular fluids and the pressure equilibrium in the eye".
Duke-Elder is best remembered as a talented and prolific writer and editor, producing seven volumes of Textbook of Ophthalmology and fifteen volumes of System of Ophthalmology, along with many other textbooks and scientific papers that provided the educational foundation for most of the world's ophthalmologists. This monumental contribution to medical literature earned Duke-Elder the title of Fellow of the Royal Society in 1960.
In addition to his own writings, Duke-Elder served for many years as editor and chairman of the editorial committee of the British Journal of Ophthalmology and Ophthalmic Literature and he was instrumental in the formation and research direction of the Institute of Ophthalmology, formerly the Central London Ophthalmic Hospital, now part of the University College London. He was knighted in the 1933 King's Birthday Honours List, and subsequently earned many more honours, including being appointed at a Knight Commander of the Royal Victorian Order (KCVO) in the 1946 New Years Honours List and being upgraded to the rank of Knight Grand Cross of the Royal Victorian Order (GCVO) in the 1958 New Years Honours List serving as the Surgeon-Oculist to King Edward VIII, George VI and Queen Elizabeth II. In 1946 he formed the Faculty of Ophthalmologists.
Duke-Elder was awarded the 1957 Lister Medal for his contributions to surgical science. The corresponding Lister Oration, given at the Royal College of Surgeons of England, was delivered on 28 March 1958, and was titled 'The Emergence of Vision in the Animal World'.
Duke-Elder had a long and successful marriage to his wife Phyllis, who had been his medical assistant. They had no children.
Duke-Elder died at his home at St John's Wood in London on 27 March 1978.

## Publications

* Textbook of Ophthalmology (1954)
* A Century of International Ophthalmology (1958)
* Neuro-ophthalmology (1971)
* Ocular Motility and Strabismus (1973)
* System of Ophthalmology (multiple editions)
* Practice of refraction (multiple editions)
# Lizelia, Mississippi

Lizelia is an unincorporated community in Lauderdale County, Mississippi, United States. Lizelia is located along Mississippi Highway 39 12 miles (19 km) north of Meridian. Lizelia is located on Ponta Creek and is the former site of old Daleville. A post office operated under the name Lizelia from 1886 to 1911.
# WXCL

WXCL (104.9 FM) is a commercial radio station licensed to Pekin, Illinois and serving the Peoria metropolitan area. It broadcasts a country radio format and is owned by Midwest Communications, Inc. WXCL is one of two outlets in Peoria playing Country music, along with 97.3 WFYR.

## History

104.9 signed on the air in 1973 as WZRO with an oldies format. This format was not successful and the station later adopted an automated country music format from Drake-Chenault called "Great American Country."
During the summer of 1980, for several days WZRO went off the air for repairs and a format switch. When it returned it became WKQA with a format of top 40. At this time it was owned by a company called Manship Corp. out of Baton Rouge, Louisiana, co-owned with sister station WFMF. Then, during March 1982 it changed its moniker to Q-104 WKQA, and competed directly against AM station WIRL with an adult contemporary format. It used the monikers "Q-104" and WKQA interchangeably until early 1987.
Then it became known as "Q-105" programming a hot adult contemporary format. Meanwhile, WXCL was formerly on AM 1350. In October 1989 WKQA changed its format and this station on 104.9 FM became known as WXCL-FM. WXCL simulcast on AM and FM for several years in the 1990s as WXCL (AM) and WXCL-FM. WXCL was later replaced on AM by WOAM, leaving WXCL only on FM. WXCL was sold by Kelly Communications the AAA Entertainment in 2002, and sold again by AAA Entertainment to Triad Broadcasting in 2006. Since being bought by Triad, WXCL has used the on-air nickname 104.9 The Wolf.
Effective May 1, 2013, L&L Broadcasting purchased WXCL and 29 other stations from Triad Broadcasting (JMP Media) at a purchase price of $21 million.
On February 4, 2019, Alpha Media announced that it would sell its Peoria cluster to Midwest Communications for $21.6 million. The sale closed on April 30, 2019.

## Personalities

Notable former air talent on WXCL: Dan Dermody, Bob Grayson, Dale Van Horn, Kimber Bennett, Sue Parker, Joe Calgaro, Dave Murphy, Joe Bob Cameron, Buck Stevens, Jack Shell, BJ Stone, Jerry Barr, Nancy Shelton, Doc Watson, Jamie Markley, Brad Bensman, Jeanie Plackett, Steve Young, Paul Jackson, Tweed Scott, Bob Look, Rick McKay, Michael Cruise, Mario Impemba, Joe Jackson, Robb Rose, Carolyn Mungo, Jim Crowley, Don Elliot, Marc Truelove, Denise Henley, PJ McKay, Maria Gilmore, Jay Curtis, Mort Cantor, Lee Malcolm, Chuck Collins (currently with WMBD-TV), Mike Pesto, "Danger" Dan Belk, Bob "The Bullet" Davis, Brett Erickson, Cody West, Loren Wassell, Chuck Urban, Lee Ranson, Cindy Austin, Andy Corbin, and Bill Bro.
WXCL News personnel included Bill Marlowe (News Director), Ernie Slottag, Alan Friedman. Leon Thomas, Crystal Bostian, Steve Fiorina, Ron Howard, and Clark Smith (former WHOI-TV).
# WXAB

WXAB (96.9 FM) was an American radio station licensed to McLain, Mississippi, United States. The station was last owned by Community Broadcasting Co. The station, initially assigned "WXAB" on July 17, 1992, was known by that call sign for its entire existence.
In December 1996, Community Broadcasting, Inc., reached an agreement to sell WXAB to TraLyn Broadcasting, Inc. The FCC approved the deal on February 19, 1997, and the transaction was formally consummated on July 1, 1997. This acquisition was part of a four-station deal that also included sister stations WLUN (95.3 FM in Wiggins, Mississippi), WIGG (1420 AM in Wiggins), and WESV (96.5 FM in Richton, Mississippi). However, TraLyn Broadcasting's tenure as owner of these stations was financially unstable and a coalition of creditors and former owners filed suit against the company.
As the result of the December 2005 settlement of a lawsuit by Community Broadcasting, Inc., and other parties against TraLyn Broadcasting, Inc., and related parties, TraLyn Broadcasting, et al., agreed to pay $245,000 in cash to Community Broadcasting, et al., and convey the assets and broadcast licenses of both WXAB and WIGG. The FCC approved this transfer on April 26, 2006, and the transaction was formally consummated on May 24, 2006.
The station fell silent for the final time on February 2, 2010. In its February 4, 2010, filing with the FCC, the station's owner stated that WXAB had gone off the air "due to the illness of its principal manager, A.R. Byrd", noting that he was "unable to attend to the necessary station duties." In late February, citing the manager's ongoing medical issues, the station applied for special temporary authority to remain silent. The FCC granted this authority on March 30, 2010, with a scheduled expiration of September 28, 2010. The Commission cautioned the station that if it did not resume broadcasting by 12:01 a.m. on February 3, 2011, that its broadcast license was subject to automatic forfeiture and cancellation.
In July 2011, the FCC determined that the station had not resumed broadcasting and that its license was deemed automatically expired on February 3, 2011. The "WXAB" call sign was deleted from the FCC database on July 18, 2011.
# Teddy Yo

Tewodros Assefa (Amharic: ቴዎድሮስ አሰፋ), known professionally Teddy Yo, is an Ethiopian rapper regarded as the greatest rapper in Ethiopian hip hop music culture. His single "Gurage Tone", which was released in 2007, became a signature song and popularized him to the hip hop music industry.

## Life and career

Tewodros Assefa began his career in the 2000s while performing in a musical group called Gamo Boys, but quickly established himself as a solo singer. Hence, he adapted "Teddy Yo" as his stage name. In 2007, he released his breakthrough single titled "Gurage Tone", becoming a major success in the music industry. In 2018, he released Prisoner, referring to "prisoner of culture" in hip-hop context. The album has 18 tracks with different beats. His single "Africa" from the 2018 album Arada, Vol. 2 described as "upbeat, feel-good song about Africa’s culture, struggles, and beauty" The album also features celebrities like the Jungle Crew and reggae star Jah Lud. Assefa is signed to Hope Music Ethiopia and Nahom Records.
On 31 December 2022, he was jailed for a night after releasing "Menberish" ("Your throne"), which was critical of the incumbent government for emphasizing free speech regarding Oromo dominance in Addis Ababa. In the music video, he is seen in jail in harsh conditions while depicting Addis Ababa residents. On 5 January 2024, he released Yileyal.

## Selected discography

* Demese Albaw Mesarya (2006)
* Arada (2018)
* Yileyal (2024)
# To Be a Man

To Be a Man: Stories is a collection of short stories by American writer Nicole Krauss. It was published in 2020 by Harper in the United States and by Bloomsbury in the United Kingdom.

## Reception

According to Book Marks, the book received a "rave" consensus, based on twenty-eight critics: nineteen "rave", seven "positive", and two "mixed". On Books in the Media, the book was rated 4.17 out of 5, based on four critic reviews. In the January/February 2021 issue of Bookmarks, the book was scored four out of five. The magazine's critical summary reads: "This wise, graceful, and challenging collection ultimately asks what the narrator in the final tale asks her son: "Who will you be".
# Duhai

Duhai (Curse) is a 1943 Indian Bollywood film. It was the sixth highest grossing Indian film of 1943.

## Cast

* Ansari
* Shanta Apte
* Noor Jehan
# Steve Hall (rugby league)

Steve Hall (born 10 July 1979 in St Helens, Merseyside) is an English former professional rugby league footballer.
Hall's position of choice is on the wing. He played for the London Broncos and St Helens in the Super League and also French club the Saint-Gaudens Bears.
Hall played for St. Helens on the wing in their 2000 Super League Grand Final victory over Wigan Warriors
As of 2012, Hall is a keen cyclist and runs his family-owed second-hand car dealership with his parents and brother in his hometown of St. Helens.
# Roger Brown (cricketer)

Roger Leedham Brown (born 9 August 1959) is a former Australian first-class cricketer, who until the arrival of Jason Gillespie, had played more first-class matches than any other Aboriginal Australian.
Born in Launceston, Tasmania, Brown played for Tasmania between 1984 and 1987, and represented Young Australia in Zimbabwe in 1985 and the Australian Prime Minister's XI against England in 1986–87. Brown was also a leading soccer player in Tasmania, representing Launceston Juventus.
# Alan Devlin (cricketer)

Alan Devlin (born 2 October 1959) is a New Zealand cricketer. He played in three first-class and two List A matches for Canterbury in 1983/84. He also played for North Canterbury.
# Starch sodium octenyl succinate

Starch sodium octenyl succinate, E1450 in the E number scheme of food additives, is a modified starch. These are not absorbed intact by the gut, but are significantly hydrolysed by intestinal enzymes and then fermented by intestinal microbiota.
# Saeed Zeinali

Saeed Zeinali (born 22 September 1976) is an Iranian student at Tehran University who was arrested on 10 July 1999, 5 days after the Iran student protests, July 1999. He was 23 years old.

## Disappearance

He was imprisoned in the notorious Evin prison in Tehran at least until 2002. Three months after his arrest he was allowed to make a phone call to his family, but they have not heard about him since. Security forces and Evin prison officials refuse to publish any information about him.

## Aftermath

On July 9, 2013, the anniversary of the event hold at Tehran University, Saeed Zeinali's mother Akram Neghabi said that a judiciary official has promised to help her.
On 2019, after 21 years, Amnesty International wanted to clarify the status of detained student Saeed Zeinali and wrote on its Twitter: "Two decades have passed since the forced disappearance of student activist Saeed Zinali. Amnesty International stands by his suffering family to realize truth and justice."
# Ventilation shutdown

Ventilation shutdown (VSD) is a means to kill livestock by suffocation and heat stroke in which airways to the building in which the livestock are kept are cut off. It is used for mass killing — usually to prevent the spread of diseases such as avian influenza. Animal rights organizations have called the practice unethical. The addition of carbon dioxide or additional heat to the enclosure is known as ventilation shutdown plus (VSD+).

## History

The term ventilation shutdown appears to have originated in 2006 from the United Kingdom Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs. The practice was first permitted in the UK on April 29th, 2006. In the United States, approval to use ventilation shutdown was given in 2015.
In 2020, supply chain disruptions from the COVID-19 pandemic led to many meat plant closures and in turn backup in slaughtering. In response, millions of US farm animals were killed via mass depopulation methods with ventilation shutdown often being chosen.
The ongoing 2020-2022 H5N8 avian influenza outbreak has led to millions of birds being killed via ventilation shutdown. In March 2022, one of the world's largest egg farms, Rembrandt Enterprises, used ventilation shutdown to kill 5.3 million chickens after the appearance of an avian influenza case.

## Controversy

The practice of ventilation shutdown has been called cruel by many animal welfare and animal right groups such as the Humane Society of the United States. The process takes hours of high heat with one study putting the number between 1.5-3.75 hours for the egg industry. Environmental temperatures as high as 170 °F have been recorded in facilities where VSD has been used. In known recordings of the practice for pigs, sustained screaming and signs of distress were observed.
The widespread use of VSD is attributable by many, in part, due to the American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA) publicly classifying ventilation shutdown's use as "acceptable under constrained circumstances". While unable to directly control if VSD is implemented, the AVMA's recommendations are often followed and used in determining legislation. Some people, such as the veterinarian Crystal Heath, have cited close ties between the meat industry and the AVMA as influencing their classification. There has been a campaign by organizations such the Veterinarians Against Ventilation Shutdown to get VSD reclassified as "not recommended" by the AVMA.
# Nino Buonocore

Nino Buonocore (born 26 July 1958) is an Italian singer-songwriter, best known for the songs "Rosanna" and "Scrivimi".

## Life and career

Born Adelmo Buonocore in Naples, he debuted at 20 years old with an auto-produced single "Sferisterio". Put under contract by RCA, he released several albums with a style close to British new wave and synthpop music of the time. His 2nd album was produced by Simon Boswell. The turning point of his career was his participation in the 1987 Sanremo Music Festival with the song "Rosanna", which was his first real commercial success and marked a transition towards a more melodic and sophisticated style. His biggest hit was the 1990 romantic ballad "Scrivimi", a song which was covered in twelve languages and which sold about 4 million copies.

## Discography
### Studio albums

* 1980 - Acida (RCA)
* 1982 - Yaya (RCA)
* 1983 - Nino in copertina (RCA)
* 1984 - Nino Buonocore (EMI)
* 1988 - Una città tra le mani (EMI)
* 1990 - Sabato, domenica e lunedì (EMI)
* 1992 - La naturale incertezza del vivere (EMI)
* 1993 - Un po' di più (EMI)
* 1998 - Alti e bassi (Easy Records-RTI Music)
* 2004 - Libero passeggero, as Nino Buonocore Sextet (Cd+DVD) (La Canzonetta Record)
* 2009 - Scrivimi "Greatest Studio Unplugged", as Nino Buonocore Sextet (Azzurra Music)
* 2013 - Segnali di umana presenza (Hydra Music)
* 2021 - Nino Buonocore in Jazz "live" (Egea Music)

### Compilation albums

* 1998 - Il meglio di Nino Buonocore (RCA-BMG)
* 2004 - Made in Italy (EMI Italiana)
* 2007 - Solo grandi successi (EMI Italiana)
* 2009 - Made in Italy - New Version (EMI Italiana)
# Slavic literature

Slavic literature or Slavonic literature refers to the literature in any of the Slavic languages:
* Belarusian literature
* Bosnian literature
* Bulgarian literature
* Croatian literature
* Czech literature
* Kashubian literature
* Macedonian literature
* Polish literature
* Montenegrin literature
* Russian literature
* Serbian literature
* Slovak literature
* Slovene literature
* Sorbian literature
* Ukrainian literature
Outside the Russian literature and to an extent Serbian literature, Slavic literature has been described as generally neglected in English literature studies and reference works.
# Greenholme

Greenholme is a hamlet in Cumbria, England.
The Greenholme Gala and Agricultural Show is held there annually.
Greenholme Bridge crosses the Birk Beck in the hamlet. This bridge appears upon a 1679 list of public bridges.
Greenholme School was founded in 1733 as a Free Grammar School, and as of 1817 held 20 to 40 pupils. It closed c.1963.
The hamlet of Lower Greenholme some 600 yards to the south-east is the site of a putative motte-and-bailey castle, located on the south bank of where the Birk Beck bends sharply east, and conjectured to be an outpost of Castle Howe, although the site is currently interpreted as probably consisting of only natural features.
# Aisay Nahi Chalay Ga

Aisay Nahi Chalay Ga (Urdu: ایسے نہیں چلےگا) is a Pakistani current affairs and political talk show, originally hosted by Aamir Liaquat on Bol News. The show covers the top stories and current affairs of Pakistan. It airs every Monday to Friday at prime time from 10:00pm to 11:00pm PST, with repeat telecasts at 01:00am the following day.
The show was hosted by Aamir Liaquat since its pilot episode, until his resignation from the channel in November 2017. It was thereafter hosted by a character known as Mr. Qaum, who wore a V mask and directly addressed the audience. In April 2018, Liaquat rejoined the channel and continued his transmissions of the show. In 2019, Aamir Liaquat again left the channel and joined PTV network.
Fizza Akbar Khan currently hosts the show.

## Controversies

In January 2017, Liaquat called out and prominently criticized several Pakistani liberal and leftist personalities on his show for their political and ideological views. One such focus of attention was Tarek Fatah, one of the staunchest critics of Pakistan. The two were later involved in a Twitter feud.
On 26 January 2017, the Pakistan Electronic Media Regulatory Authority (PEMRA) ordered a suspension of Liaquat's show over "hate speech". The media watchdog's notification stated that Liaquat had aired during his show, from 2 January to 24 January, allegations comprising derogatory remarks, incitement to violence, casting of aspersions, and accusations of anti-state or anti-religious activities against various individuals. The suspension came after Liaquat had lashed out at some civil society activists on his show for blaming the country's intelligence agencies over the disappearance of five online bloggers, who were accused of hosting blasphemous posts or content critical of the military on their pages.
However, the Sindh High Court granted a stay order against PEMRA's decision and allowed Liaquat to continue his broadcasts until a verdict was issued on the matter. The Supreme Court of Pakistan then directed Bol to cease airing the show or face contempt of court charges, and Bol agreed to follow the court's order. Later, the Islamabad High Court overturned PEMRA's ban, allowing the show to continue its transmission on 28 February 2017. Amnesty International criticised the Pakistani government over its purported inaction, terming the show's content a "smear campaign" against human rights and civil society activists.
During the suspension, the show was renamed to Qaum Kay Saath Aisay Nahi Chalay Ga. It featured a dummy cartoon disguised in a Fawkes mask who talked to the audience in a robotic voice-over. The show was reverted to its original name and format when Aamir Liaquat was reinstated as host. On 15 August 2017, Liaquat resigned from the show live on-air, but returned soon afterwards.
Following Liaquat's second resignation from the channel on 18 November 2017, the character was reinstated under the name "Mr. Qaum". By April 2018, Aamir Liaquat rejoined the show as its host after he returned to Bol News.
# Whinfell

Whinfell is a civil parish in Westmorland and Furness, Cumbria, England. It does not have a parish council but a parish meeting. The parish lies north east of Kendal, between the A6 and the A685. The neighbouring parishes are Grayrigg to the east, Docker to the south, Skelsmergh to the south west, Selside and Fawcett Forest to the west, and Tebay to the north.
In the 2001 census Whinfell had a population of 152, increasing at the 2011 census to 186.
There are nine grade II listed buildings or structures in the parish, including bridges, barns, houses and a limekiln.

## History

The name "Whinfell" means 'Gorse/whin mountain'. Whinfell was formerly a township in the parish of Kendal, in 1866 Whinfell became a civil parish in its own right. On 1 April 1986 Patton parish was merged with Whinfell.
# Girolamo Basso della Rovere

Girolamo Basso della Rovere (1434–1507) was an Italian Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church.

## Life

Basso della Rovere was born in Albissola Marina, the son of Giovanni Basso (Marquess of Bistagno and Monastero) and his wife Luchina della Rovere of the House of della Rovere and sister of Pope Sixtus IV
He was Bishop of Albenga in 1472, and then Bishop of Recanati in 1476. He was created cardinal on 10 December 1477 by his uncle, Pope Sixtus IV.
Between 1471 and 1484 he built a new family chapel in the Basilica of Santa Maria del Popolo in Rome, the same church that his relatives, Pope Sixtus IV and Domenico della Rovere, significantly rebuilt and embellished. The Basso Della Rovere Chapel was decorated by the favourite artist of the family, Pinturicchio, and his workshop. Girolamo's father, Giovanni Basso, was buried in the chapel.
# Valerian

Valerian may refer to:

## Arts and entertainment

* A fictional character in Valérian and Laureline, a comics series
** Valerian and the City of a Thousand Planets, a film adaptation of the comic series
* An early pseudonym for Gary Numan (b. 1958), a musician
* A fictional race in "Dramatis Personae" (Star Trek: Deep Space Nine)
* An arms manufacturer in On the Frontier, a play published in 1938

## People

* Valerian (name), including a list of people with the given name and surname
* Valerian (emperor), Roman emperor from 253 to 260

## Plants

* Valerian (herb), Valeriana officinalis, a medicinal plant, and the namesake for other valerians.
** other plants in the genus Valeriana
* Centranthus, a genus containing plants closely related to Valeriana

## Ships

* HMS Valerian (1916)