# Timeline of Caen

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Caen, France.

## Prior to 19th century

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Ancient Prehistory   Greek colonies 600 BC – 49 BC Celtic Gaul   until 50 BC Roman Gaul 50 BC – 486 AD :
Middle Ages Francia and the Frankish settlement   Merovingians 481–751 Carolingians 751–987     West Francia 843–987 Kingdom of France 987–1792     Direct Capetians 987–1328     Valois 1328–1498 :
Early modernAncien Régime
Valois-Orléans kings 1498–1515 Valois-Angoulême kings 1515–1589 Bourbon kings 1589–1792 :
Long 19th century French Revolution 1789–1799 Kingdom of France 1791–1792 First Republic 1792–1804 First Empire 1804–1814 Restoration 1814–1830 July Monarchy 1830–1848 Second Republic 1848–1852 Second Empire 1852–1870 Third Republic 1870–1940     Belle Époque 1871–1914 :
20th century Third Republic 1870–1940     Interwar period 1919–1939         Années folles 1920–1929 Free FranceVichy France 1940–1944 Provisional Republic 1944–1946 Fourth Republic 1946–1958 Fifth Republic 1958–present :
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* 912 – Caen becomes western capital of Normandy.
* 1060 – Château de Caen (castle) built by William the Conqueror (approximate date).
* 1063 - Abbey of Saint-Étienne, Caen founded by William the Conqueror.
* 1077 – Saint Stephen's Church, Caen [fr] consecrated.
* 1087 – Burial of William the Conqueror.
* 1314 – Public clock installed.
* 1346 – Battle of Caen (1346).
* 1417 – Siege of Caen (1417) by English forces.
* 1432 – University of Caen Normandy founded by Henry VI of England.
* 1450 – Siege of Caen (1450); French in power.
* 1460s – Maison des Quatrans [fr] (residence) construction begins.
* 1480 – Printing press in operation.
* 1527 – Hôtel de Than [fr] (mansion) built (approximate date).
* 1540 – Hôtel d'Escoville [fr] (mansion) built.
* 1652 – Académie des Sciences, Arts et Belles-Lettres de Caen founded.
* 1710 – Hôtel de Blangy [fr] (mansion) construction begins (approximate date).
* 1736 – Jardin des plantes de Caen (garden) established.
* 1790 – Caen becomes part of the Calvados souveraineté.
* 1793
** Agitation by the Girondins.
** Population: 34,805.
* 1796 – Archives départementales du Calvados [fr] established.

## 19th century

* 1809 – Musée des Beaux-Arts de Caen and Bibliothèque de Caen [fr] open.
* 1820 – Société de médecine de Caen (medical society) founded.
* 1821 – Caen Chamber of Commerce [fr] established.
* 1823 – Société linnéenne de Normandie [fr] (learned society) founded.
* 1824 – Société des antiquaires de Normandie [fr] (historical society) founded.
* 1828 – Journal de Caen et de la Normandie newspaper begins publication.
* 1843 – Paris-Caen railway begins operating.
* 1855 - Société des beaux-arts de Caen [fr] (art society) founded.
* 1857
** Caen Canal opens.
** Gare de Caen opens
** Mantes-la-Jolie–Cherbourg railway begins operating.
* 1860 – Séminaire des Eudistes de Caen [fr] built.
* 1875
** Compagnie du chemin de fer de Caen à la mer railway begins operating.
** Gare de Caen Saint-Martin (rail station) opens.
* 1886 – Population: 43,809.

## 20th century

* 1901 – Tram begins operating.
* 1911 – Population: 46,934.
* 1913 – Stade Malherbe Caen association football club formed.
* 1925 – Stade de Venoix (stadium) opens.
* 1934 – Gare de Caen (railway station) rebuilt.
* 1939 – Military Caen-Carpiquet Air Base [fr] established.
* 1940 – German occupation begins.
* 1944
** June–August: Battle for Caen fought, during the Battle of Normandy.
** 19 July: German forces ousted from city.
* 1945 – Rebuilding of Caen [fr] begins.
** Yves Guillou becomes mayor
* 1954 – Population: 67,851.
* 1959 – Jean-Marie Louvel becomes mayor.
* 1961 – Lycée Malherbe built.
* 1962
** Lycée Augustin-Fresnel [fr] (Lycée) opens in La Grâce de Dieu (Caen) [fr] neighborhood.
** Caen twinned with Würzburg, Germany.
* 1965 – Hôtel de Ville moves into the Abbey of Saint-Étienne building.
* 1967 – Civilian Caen – Carpiquet Airport in use.
* 1968 – Population: 110,262.
* 1970 – Jean-Marie Girault becomes mayor.
* 1973 – Canton of Caen-1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 [fr] created.
* 1982 – Orchestre Régional de Basse-Normandie established in nearby Mondeville.
* 1986 – Postal Museum [fr] opens.
* 1987 – Caen twinned with Portsmouth, United Kingdom.
* 1988 – Mémorial de Caen opens.
* 1991 – Caen twinned with Alexandria, Virginia and Nashville, USA.
* 1992 – Caen twinned with Thiès, Senegal.
* 1993 – Stade Michel d'Ornano (stadium) opens.
* 1999 – Population: 113,987.

## 21st century

* 2001 – Brigitte Le Brethon becomes mayor
* 2002 – Caen Guided Light Transit (TVR) begins operating.
* 2008 – Philippe Duron becomes mayor
* 2012 – Population: 108,365.
* 2014 – Joël Bruneau becomes mayor.
* 2015 – December: Normandy regional election, 2015 [fr] held.
* 2016 – Caen becomes part of Normandy.
* 2017 – Caen Guided Light Transit ends operating.
* 2019 – Caen tramway begins operating.