OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Koh Dong-Jin

Koh Dong-jin (Korean: 고동진, Hanja: 高東眞), also known as DJ Koh, is a South Korean businessman, politician and current member of National Assembly in the Gangnam C constituency.
In 2015, Koh became the CEO of Samsung. In January 2020, Koh stepped down as Samsung CEO to become a co-CEO leading the company's IT and mobile communications division, suceded by Roh Tae-moon.
In 2024, Koh became a member of People Power Party, the governing party of South Korea, and elected as an MP in the same year.
# Oszkinie

Oszkinie (; Lithuanian: Ožkiniai) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Puńsk, within Sejny County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland, close to the border with Lithuania. It lies approximately 2 kilometres (1 mi) south of Puńsk, 18 km (11 mi) north-west of Sejny, and 124 km (77 mi) north of the regional capital Białystok.
From 1975-1998 the village was administratively governed by the Suwałki Voivodeship.

## History

The noble village was located at the end of the 18th century in the Grodno district of the Trakai Voivodeship.
The village was part of the Suwałki district in the 19th century, in 1827 the village population was numbered at 91 with 15 houses and in 1886 the population numbered at 288 with 35 houses.
# United Keetoowah Band Base Roll

The 1949 United Keetoowah Band Base Roll is a tribal roll of the United Keetoowah Band of Cherokee Indians.

## History

The United Keetoowah Band of Cherokee Indians was federally recognized as an American Indian tribe by an Act of Congress on August 10th, 1946. All individuals listed on the 1949 UKB Base Roll were identified by an April 19th, 1949 resolution that was certified by the Superintendent of the Bureau of Indian Affairs' Five Civilized Tribes Agency.
The roll is displayed at the John Hair Cultural Center and Keetoowah Museum in Cherokee County, Oklahoma.

## United Keetoowah Band enrollment

In order to be eligible for citizenship in the United Keetoowah Band of Cherokee Indians, an individual must proof descent from the 1949 UKB Base Roll of the Dawes Rolls and have a blood quantum of at least 1/4th Keetoowah Cherokee.
# Evan Stark

Evan David Stark (March 10, 1942 – March 18, 2024) was an American sociologist. He developed the concept of "coercive control", a type of abuse likened to kidnapping or slavery when compared to more commonly occurring abuse.

## Background

Stark was born in Manhattan on March 10, 1942, and grew up variously in New York City, in the boroughs of Queens and The Bronx; and in Yonkers, New York. He received his bachelor's degree in sociology from Brandeis University in 1963, and enrolled at the University of Wisconsin–Madison, where he received a master's degree and was studying for a doctorate, but his fellowship was canceled in 1967 after he organized campus protests against the Vietnam War. For a time, he lived in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.

## Career

After returning to the US, he began teaching at Quinnipiac University, before earning his doctorate from Binghamton University in 1984; six years later, he also earned a master's degree in social work from Fordham University.
In 1977, Stark married Anne Flitcraft, a doctor who researched domestic abuse. They worked together in the United States and United Kingdom, and published Women at Risk: Domestic Violence and Women’s Health in 1996. He taught at Rutgers University from 1985 to 2012, and also lectured at several universities in the United Kingdom, including the University of Bristol, the University of Edinburgh, and the University of Essex. He frequently appeared as an expert witness in trials.
Stark's research focused on how abusers establish domination over their victims lives, ultimately leaving them isolated from others and dependent on their abusers; his insights are credited with widening the common understandings of domestic abuse, which previously had tended to include only physical violence. In 2007, he published Coercive Control: How Men Entrap Women in Personal Life. In his later years, he advocated for reform in domestic abuse laws; as of 2024, laws criminalizing coercive control have been passed throughout the United Kingdom, in the Republic of Ireland, the Australian state of New South Wales, the US states of Connecticut and Hawaii, and Canada.

## Personal life and death

Stark was married twice. His first marriage, to Sally Connolly, ended in divorce; they had one son. He and Flitcraft had three sons.
On March 18, 2024, Stark had a fatal heart attack while participating in a professional Zoom meeting at his home in Woodbridge, Connecticut. He was 82.

## Books

* Flitcraft, Anne; Stark, Evan (1996). Women at Risk: Domestic Violence and Women's Health. California: SAGE Publications Inc. ISBN 9780803970410.
* Stark, Evan (2024) [2007]. Coercive Control: How Men Entrap Women in Personal Life. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780195154276.
* Stark, Evan (2024). Children of Coercive Control. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780197587096.
# Machhoya

The Machhoya (also spelled Maschoiya) are a Gotra of the Ahir found in the Rajkot, Kutch, Junagadh, Dwarka, Amreli, Bhavnagar, Morbi, Jamnagar districts of Gujarat in India.

## Origin

When the Ahirs came from Mathura to Dwarka with Lord Krishna, they spread all over Saurashtra and Kutch, Gujarat region. The Maschoiya are a community of Ahirs who are said to have settled along the banks of the Machhu-katia river, and the word Maschhoiya literally means those from Macchu-katia. According to the traditions, Maschoiya were originally Samma Ahirs, and an female ancestor left Sindh for Saurashtra, where she married an Ahir king. Their descendants thus became Maschoiya Ahir. The Maschoiya Ahir are found mainly in Rajkot District, Kutch District, Morbi District, Junagadh District, Amreli and Bhavnagar. They are a Gujarati speaking community.

## Present circumstances

The Maschoiya are divided into a number of exogamous clans called Ataks like
Jalu(Jaru), Humbal,Ahir, Lokhil, Khimaniya, Mand(Marand), Miyatra (Myatra), Makawana, Dangar, Sonara, Chaiya(Chhaiya), Bakotra(Bakutra), Virda, Kangad, Zer, Lavadiya, Meta, Herbha, Hethvadiya, Chavda, Jatiya, Lula, Balasara, Gujariya, Kothivar Goyal(Gohel) Chudasama, Avadiya, Segaliya, Khatariya, Jiladiya, Kuvadiya, Garchar, Kihor and many more all of which are of equal status. They belong to Kshatriya varna. Unlike other Ahir communities in Gujarat, the Maschoiya practice consanguineous marriages. Most of them work in the salt industry,transport,construction,farming,and extra fields.
# Patterdale

Patterdale (Saint Patrick's Dale) is a small village and civil parish in the Westmorland and Furness district of Cumbria, England. It is in the eastern part of the Lake District, and the name is also used for the long valley in which the village sits, also called the Ullswater Valley. The parish had a population of 460 in 2001, increasing to 501 at the 2011 census.
The poet William Wordsworth lived near Patterdale in his youth, and his autobiographical poem The Prelude narrates such childhood activities as fishing in the lake from a stolen boat. The village is now the start point for hill walking, most notably the Striding Edge path up to Helvellyn. Other fells that can be reached from the valley include Place Fell, High Street, Glenridding Dodd, most of the peaks in the Helvellyn range, Fairfield and St Sunday Crag, and Red Screes and Stony Cove Pike at the very end of the valley, standing either side of the Kirkstone Pass which is the road to Ambleside.
Further up the valley to the north is the lake of Ullswater with Gowbarrow Fell and Hallin Fell overlooking it. The only tarn in the valley is Brothers Water, one of the first places in the Lake District to be acquired by the National Trust. The only other village in the valley is Glenridding. Patterdale village has a youth hostel, a church, a primary school and a hotel. In summer it can get quite busy, but not so much as Glenridding. Patterdale is considered to be a walkers' valley, and in fact Alfred Wainwright stated that it was his favourite valley in the Lake District as it is relatively undisturbed by tourism.
Patterdale and Glenridding were badly affected by Storm Desmond in December 2015.

## Local government

The civil parish of Patterdale also includes the villages of Glenridding and Hartsop. As well as the southern end of Ullswater and the smaller lake of Brothers Water.
From 1894 to 1934, the parish was part of the West Ward Rural District of the county of Westmorland, then was transferred to the newly created Lakes Urban District, finally becoming part of Eden District of Cumbria in 1974, under the Local Government Act 1972. In 2023, Eden District was abolished and absorbed into the newly created Westmorland and Furness unitary authority area.
The parish was once an outlying part of Barton, which is about 10 miles (16 km) from Patterdale.

## Geography

The A592 road, Windermere to Penrith runs through the parish from the col of the Kirkstone Pass in the south to Glencoyne Bridge in the north.
# Shankar Shambhu

Shankar Shambhu is a 1976 Bollywood action film starring Feroz Khan, Vinod Khanna and Sulakshana Pandit in the lead roles. It is directed by Chand and produced by A. K. Nadiadwala.

## Plot

Inspector Ranjit Singh lives a middle-classed lifestyle along with his wife, Laxmi, a son, Pappu, and daughter, Pinky. When the National Bank is broken into one night, he gives chase to the robbers, and shoots one of them dead. The dead robber's brother, Kundan, manages to get away with the loot, then tracks down Ranjit and his family, shoots at them, forcing their jeep to fall into the Narbada river, separating the entire family. Ranjit manages to rescue Laxmi, and then apprehends Kundan, has him tried in Court, and sentenced to jail for several years, but is unable to recover the stolen loot. Years later, Kundan gets discharged and is received by his nephew, Chaman. Ranjit is now the Inspector General of Police, and Laxmi still hopes to be reunited with her children. Pappu has been adopted by a bandit named Lakhan Singh, who re-names him Shambhu, and brings him up with his other son, Shankar. Pinky has been adopted by a widow, who has re-named her Sulakshana, who makes a living as a petty thief. Shankar and Shambhu, on the run from the Police, end up in Bombay, where they will be thrust into conflict with Kundan and Chaman on the one hand, and Ranjit Singh on the other.

## Cast

* Feroz Khan as Shankar Singh "Bade Thakur"
* Vinod Khanna as Pappu Singh / Shambhu Singh "Chhote Thakur"
* Sulakshana Pandit as Pinky Singh / Sulakshana "Sulu"
* Bindu as Munni Bai
* Ajit as Inspector / I.G.P. Ranjeet Singh
* Sulochana Latkar as Laxmi Singh
* Bhagwan as Constable Dhondu
* Jagdeep as Constable Naik
* Lalita Pawar as Pinky's Foster Mother
* Pradeep Kumar as Lakhan Singh
* Anwar Hussain as Kundan
* Kundan as Kundan's Brother
* Viju Khote as Kundan's Goon
* Sudhir as Chaman
* Jayshree T. as Courtesan from Jaunpur

## Songs

All songs are written by Sahir Ludhianvi and music by Kalyanji-Anandji.
| Song | Singer |
| "Mera Dil Churakar" | Suman Kalyanpur |
| "Agar Nibhane Ki Himmat" | Asha Bhosle |
| "Bheege Hue Jalwon Par Aise Na Nazar Dalo" | Asha Bhosle, Mohammed Rafi |
| "Aa Pahunchi Hai, Aa Pahunchi Hai Is Mele Mein Saddi Aaj Sawaari" | Kishore Kumar, Mahendra Kapoor, Sulakshana Pandit |
| "Hum Lootne Aaye Hain, Hum Lootke Jayenge" | Jaani Babu Qawwal, Aziz Nazan |
# Mount Senger

Mount Senger is a 12,286-foot-elevation (3,745-meter) mountain summit located west of the crest of the Sierra Nevada mountain range in Fresno County of northern California, United States. It is set within the John Muir Wilderness, on land managed by Sierra National Forest. It is situated 2.2 miles (3.5 km) southeast of Mount Hooper, 2.6 miles (4.2 km) southwest of Gemini, and 2.7 miles (4.3 km) south-southwest of Seven Gables. Senger ranks as the 348th-highest summit in California. Topographic relief is significant as the summit rises over 4,600 feet (1,400 meters) above the South Fork San Joaquin River in approximately three miles. The John Muir Trail traverses the south and west slopes of the mountain, providing an approach option.

## History

The mountain was named in 1894 by Theodore Solomons to honor Joachim Henry Senger (1848–1926), philologist and professor at the University of California, Berkeley, who was one of the four founders of the Sierra Club in 1892. Senger contacted John Muir with the idea of forming a local 'alpine club' for mountain lovers. Senger and San Francisco attorney Warren Olney sent out invitations "for the purpose of forming a 'Sierra Club'. Mr. John Muir will preside". On May 28, 1892, the first meeting of the Sierra Club was held to write articles of incorporation. One week later, John Muir was elected president and Warren Olney was elected vice-president. This landform's toponym has been officially adopted by the U.S. Board on Geographic Names.
The first ascent of the summit was made during the 1907–09 USGS survey by George R. Davis, T. G. Gerdine, C. F. Urquhart, and L. F. Biggs. Today this peak draws climbing interest because it is included on the Sierra Peaks Section's peak bagging list.

## Climate

According to the Köppen climate classification system, Mount Senger is located in an alpine climate zone. Most weather fronts originate in the Pacific Ocean, and travel east toward the Sierra Nevada mountains. As fronts approach, they are forced upward by the peaks (orographic lift), causing them to drop their moisture in the form of rain or snowfall onto the range. Precipitation runoff from this mountain drains into tributaries of the South Fork San Joaquin River.

## Gallery

* Senger from Selden Pass. Summit to left of center.
* South aspects of Mt. Senger (left) and Turret Peak (right)
* Mt. Sanger from JMT at Marie Lake.
* Seven Gables (left), Mount Senger (center), Mt. Hooper (right, in back)
* Northeast aspect seen from Seven Gables, with Three Island Lake below.
# Neodymium tungstate

Neodymium tungstate is an inorganic compound, a salt of neodymium and tungstic acid with the chemical formula Nd$_2$(WO$_4$)$_3$. It forms hydrated light purple crystals that are slightly soluble in water.

## Properties

Neodymium tungstate forms the crystal of a monoclinic crystal system, with space group A 2/a, lattice constants a = 1.151 nm, b = 1.159 nm, c = 0.775 nm and β = 109.67 °. It is insoluble in ethanol and acetone and sparingly soluble in water. It forms the nonahydrate Nd$_2$(WO$_4$)$_3$·9H$_2$O.
# Mark Hallett (neurologist)

Mark Hallett is an American neurologist who researched the physiology of human movement and movement disorders including functional motor disorders at the NIH, and currently serves as Distinguished NIH Investigator Emeritus. Hallett worked at NIH for 40 years in the federal government, with several decades at the Human Motor Control Section and was previously chief of the Clinical Neurophysiology Laboratory at Brigham and Women's Hospital.

## Research

Hallett has contributed work "to the principles of normal human voluntary movement, understanding the motor system and movement disorders including dystonia, parkinsonism and myoclonus, and the use of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and botulinum toxin to treat movement disorders." He is noted for his prolific research output throughout his career and is the 96th most cited scientist in the United States, according to Research.com, by h-index. Hallett has suggested that education, awareness, and availability of the latest treatment programs remains a key challenge for motor diseases. His work is considered to be pioneering in the field of functional motor disorders.
Hallett is also considered a pioneer of the field of TMS and helped create the first conferences on TMS safety guidelines, as well as providing additional foundational research around principles of brain stimulation; he was awarded the 2019 International Brain Stimulation Award as a result.

## Career

Hallett graduated from Harvard with an AB and MD and trained at Peter Bent Brigham hospital and Massachusetts General Hospital. Hallett also founded the Functional Neurological Disorder Society in 2003 and served as an editor in chief of Clinical Neurophysiology. He has also served as President of the International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society and Vice-President of the American Academy of Neurology. He retired from NIH and serves as professor emeritus as of 2023 after 40 years of federal service. Hallett pioneered experimental botulinum injections to treat Leon Fleisher's hand dystonia. In the wake of diplomats suffering Havana Syndrome, Hallett was among the physicians asked to examine the diplomats.

## Neurophysiology of free will

Hallett has worked on topics of volition and free will through a neurophysiological lens, including reformulations of the Libet clock experiment.
# Taj Mohammad Wardak

Taj Mohammad Wardak is an Afghan politician from the National Independence Party of Afghanistan (Hezb-e Isteqlal Milli Afghanistan). An ethnic Pashtun, he spent some of the period of the Taliban's administration in the United States of America, and became an American citizen.

## Early political career

On 19 June 1965, Wardak was appointed as the Deputy Governor of Badakhshan Province. In the 1970s, he served as Governor of Badakhshan. After serving as President of the Inspection Department in the Ministry of Interior, Wardak was appointed as Governor of Laghman on 17 June 1972.

## Governor of Paktia

Wardak was appointed Governor of Paktia province in Afghanistan in the winter of 2002. He served for only a few months due to opposition from local warlord Pacha Khan Zadran.

## Minister of the Interior

According to Guantanamo captive Hafizullah Shabaz Khail, in testimony before his Combatant Status Review Tribunal Taj Mohammed [sic] Wardak was the first governor Hamid Karzai appointed for the Province of Paktia. Khail said he was appointed the District Chief of Zormat because the new governor, Wardak, trusted him. He said Wardak was replaced as governor by Raz Mohammed Dalili when Hamid Karzai asked him to assume a position in Kabul.
According to the BBC the "relatively unknown" Wardak was appointed Interior Minister on June 19, 2002.
According to Islam Online, Wardak's appointment raised controversy within the Ministry. They quote unnamed Ministry officials, and sentry Mohammad Halim:
    "The interior ministry is on high alert because the people say why [Yunus] Qanooni Saheb has been transferred. He should come back, It is a state of high alert and strike. We do not like Wardak, because we do not know him and we want the return of Qanooni."
Wardak was one of several cabinet ministers Karzai appointed to a high level commission to investigate the assassination of Abdul Qadir, Vice President, and also one of Karzai's leading rivals. Qadir, like Wardak, was a Pashtun. Analysts said Karzai picked cabinet ministers from each of Afghanistan's ethnic groups, so each group would realize he was taking the investigation seriously. The commission included Vice President Mohammad Karim Khalili, Intelligence Services Director Mohammad Arif Sarwari, Rural Development Minister Mohammad Hanif Atma, and former Interim Irrigation Minister Hajji Mangal Hussain.
Wardak and Karzai differed in their interpretation of the deaths of students shot during a demonstration. Karzai called the first student known to have died a "martyr". Wardak said that student was shot by other students.
Wardak was replaced on January 28, 2003, by Ali Ahmad Jalali.
An article published on the web-site of The Jamestown Foundation on June 23, 2004 described Wardak as a "presidential aide".

## 2004 elections

Wardak was one of the running mates for presidential candidate Mohammad Yunos Qanuni.

## National Independence Party of Afghanistan

Taj Mohammad Wardak is listed as the head of the National Independence Party of Afghanistan on the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan Ministry of Justice web-page that lists the licensed political parties.
# Unthank End

Unthank End is a hamlet in Cumbria, England.
# Koo Wee Rup

Koo Wee Rup /ˌkuː ˌwiː ˈrʌp/ is a town and satellite suburb in Victoria, Australia, located 63 km south-east of Melbourne's Central Business District, located within the Shire of Cardinia local government area. Originally marshland, the area has since been transformed into productive market gardens. According to the 2021 census. 2021, Koo Wee Rup had a population of 4,047.
Before December 1994, the suburb was part of the Shire of Cranbourne. The local post office commenced operations on 7January 1891. In the early 1950s, the town saw an influx of Dutch and Italian families. Prior to European settlement, the Bunurong Aboriginal people inhabited the region. The town’s name is derived from their language, with “Ku-wirup” believed to mean “plenty of blackfish” or “blackfish swimming.”
Koo Wee Rup is Australia’s largest asparagus-growing district and is also known for beef farming and potato cultivation. The town previously hosted an annual potato festival each March to raise funds for the Westernport Memorial Hospital, now known as Kooweerup Regional Health Service.
Local educational institutions include Koo Wee Rup Primary School, St John the Baptist Primary School, and Koo Wee Rup Secondary College. The town also has an Australian rules football team competing in the West Gippsland Football League.
A lesser-known historical fact about Koo Wee Rup is that in 1921–1922, the Amalgamated Wireless Limited company established an experimental radio receiving station in the area. This facility was capable of receiving transmissions directly from Europe without the need for relay stations in other countries, marking a significant advancement in international communication.

## Transport

Koo Wee Rup railway station was formerly situated on the South Gippsland railway line that operated as far as a terminus at Yarram in the 1970s, and was cut back to Leongatha in the early 1980s. A V/Line road coach service replaced the rail passenger service to Leongatha on 24 July 1993, running between Melbourne and Yarram. However, since the closure of the South Gippsland rail line by the Kennett state government on 14 December 1994, the South and West Gippsland Transport Group, represented by the local council, have campaigned for the rail service to be reinstated beyond its current terminus at Cranbourne by the 2020s, which had been promised by the Bracks government on its election in 1999.
Ventura Bus Lines operates a bus service from Koo Wee Rup to Pakenham on behalf of Public Transport Victoria.

## Proposed airport

In 2017, Koo Wee Rup was announced as the proposed site for a third Melbourne airport. The Shire of Cardinia claimed it has been kept in the dark about an investment company's plan to build a $7 billion south-east airport; however, they urged the state government to find a location for an airport in the area.
# Narendra Kumar (politician)

Narendra Kumar Khichar is an Indian politician and the former Member of Parliament from Jhunjhunu parliamentary constituency.

## Early life and education

Kumar was born in Rajasthan 1960, he studied from Chamaria College Fatehpur, Rajasthan University-1982.