OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Buddama Raja Maha Vihara

Buddama Raja Maha Vihara (Sinhalaː බුද්දම රජ මහා විහාරය) is a historic Cave temple in Buddama village, Monaragala district, Sri Lanka. Buddama is a rural village lying off Siyambalanduwa town and is known as one of the earliest settlements in the country. Currently the temple has been formally recognised by the Government as an archaeological site in Sri Lanka.

## History

According to the facts from great chronicle Mahawamsa and the inscriptions found in the Vihara premises, Buddama temple was built in the third century BC. It has also been recorded in Uva Viharawamsa, a chronicle about important Buddhist centers in the Uva province, which states that Buddama was worshipped by early Buddhists. Before the advent of Buddhism to the country during the Anuradhapura period, the temple is said to have been a vocational training center for local craft men before it became a Buddhist monastery.
The temple has received royal patronage by kings from time to time, as mentioned in the inscriptions found in Vihara premises and other outside references. According to the Vihara inscriptions, southern regional king Udaya I (883 – 896) donated villages to the temple during his reign and King Parakramabahu I (1153–1186) created administrative divisions centering the Buddama Temple. Renovations to the temple were carried out by Sri Wickrama Rajasingha (1747 – 1781) in Kandyan period.

## Murals

The temple is composed of more than 20 caves. The main rock cave of the temple is drip ledged and not very high. It houses many mural paintings and sculptures belonging to Kandyan style. The entrance is decorated with a Makara Thorana (Dragon's Arch) built of clay. Inside the main chamber, a reclining Buddha statue with several seated Buddha statues are visible. The main Buddha Statue is believed to have been constructed by King Rajadhi Rajasingha. The canopy of the cave is decorated with various floral designs with the walls depicting Buddhist Jathaka stories.

## Vihara inscriptions
### Buddama cave inscription

   Period: 3rd BC-1st centuries AD, Script: Early Brahmi, Language: Old Sinhala Content: "This inscription records donation of a cave to Buddhist Sangha by a teacher named Gupta, the grandson of the village councilor Vasabha and the son of Sumana"
# Jane Catherine Shaw Stewart

Jane Catherine Shaw Stewart (22 September 1821 – 14 March 1905) was a leading British nurse in Crimea. At one point she was designated to take over from Florence Nightingale. She was the first woman to appear on a British Army List. She had to stand down from her leading position after an investigation revealled her bullying.

## Life

Stewart was born in the area of London called Marylebone in 1821. She was the first of six children born to Eliza Mary (born Farquhar) and Sir Michael Shaw-Stewart, 6th Baronet. Her parents owned slaves in Trinidad and Tobago as well as estates in Renfrewshire in Scotland. When her mother died in 1853, she used her inheritance (from slave owning) to construct St Mary's, a new Episcopalian church in Port Glasgow.
She met Florence Nightingale in 1854 and resolved to work in Crimea. However, she lacked experience, so she went to work at Guy's and Westminster Hospitals before she left with Mary Stanley for Crimea. She arrived in a group of new nurses who were mostly Catholic and there was bad feeling. Nightingale felt that there was no need for more nurses and Stanley's arrival undermined her pre-eminience. Nightingale and Stanley's friendship suffered but Nightingale soon promoted Stewart.
In 1856 Florence Nightingale believed she would soon die so she told her supporter General Storks that if she did, then Stewart should take over her duties. Later she wrote of Stewart in glowing terms. She felt that their work in Crimea would not have been achieved without Stewart. She knew that she could be "mad", but she was truthful and faithful despite the "petty persecutions" laid in their way. For fifteen months she led the General, Castle and Left-Wing hospitals as Superintendent.
Florence continued to support her by asking that Stewart might receive more training and identifying her as the person to lead the army nurses.
In 1863 Stewart became the Supervisor of Nurses at Netley Hospital and the first woman to ever appear on a British Army List. The Royal Herbert Hospital opened in 1865 and in the following year, Stewart, became responsible for their nurses until she was obliged to stand down after accusations of bullying. An investigation revealed her bullying, attacks and temper. She was succeeded by Jane Cecilia Deeble at Netley Hospital in 1869. She was creditted with "repairing the damage" caused by her predecessor.
Stewart was later employed as the sister-in-charge of the British hospital ship Carthage during the Anglo-Egyptian War in 1882.

## Death and legacy

Stewart died in Slinfold in 1905. The Episcopalian St Mary's church that she had created in Port Glasgow was demolished in 1970 to make way for a road. A new church was built, and this includes some of the stained glass that she had paid for.
# Excalibosaurus

Excalibosaurus (meaning "Excalibur's lizard") is a monotypic genus of marine prehistoric reptiles (ichthyosaurs) that lived during the Sinemurian stage (approximately 199.5 ± 0.3 Ma to 192.9 ± 0.3 Ma (million years ago)) of the Early Jurassic period in what is now England. It is characterized by the extreme elongation of the rostrum, with the lower jaw about three-quarters the length of the upper jaw, giving the animal a swordfish-like look. The only known species is Excalibosaurus costini.

## History of research

This relatively rare animal is known from two skeletons. The holotype, discovered in 1984 near a beach on the Somerset coast, consists of the skull, forefin, part of the pectoral girdle and some vertebrae and ribs. It has been described in 1986 by Christopher McGowan. The fossil is hosted in the Bristol City Museum and Art Gallery. The second specimen is an almost complete skeleton collected in the same area in 1996, and was purchased by the Royal Ontario Museum. It was described again by McGowan in 2003.

## Description

The holotype specimen has a skull length of 78.5 cm (2 ft 6.9 in), while the largest specimen has a skull length of 1.54 m (5 ft 1 in). The larger specimen has a total length of 6.528 metres (21.42 ft).

## Classification

Excalibosaurus is related to two other genera of ichthyosaurs, Leptonectes from the Rhaetian (Late Triassic) to the Sinemurian (Early Jurassic) of England and Eurhinosaurus from the Toarcian (Early Jurassic) of Germany. The three genera are grouped in the family Leptonectidae. It was once thought that Excalibosaurus was a junior synonym of Eurhinosaurus, but the description of the 1996 specimen show many morphological differences such as the shape of the forefin (much shorter and broader in Excalibosaurus), the slender shape of the body, that clearly differentiate the two genera.
# Jacques Dupin

Jacques Dupin (4 March 1927, Privas, Ardèche – 27 October 2012, Paris) was a French poet, art critic, and co-founder of the journal L'éphemère.
Dupin was born in the town of Privas in the South of France, where his father was a psychiatrist at a state mental hospital. In 1944, the family moved to Paris, where, in 1950, the poet René Char helped him publish his first collection of poems.
In 1966, he co-founded the poetry quarterly L’Éphémère, with poets including André du Bouchet, Yves Bonnefoy and Paul Celan.
He was the director of publication at Galerie Maeght, which represented Joan Miró, a close friend. The gallery also represented Marc Chagall, Alberto Giacometti, Francis Bacon and Wassily Kandinsky. Giacometti and Bacon both painted his portrait.
Dupin wrote Miró's biography, numerous monographs on the artist's work, and was empowered by Miró's family to be the sole authenticating authority of the artist's work; a role that made him much sought after by collectors. In 1987, Dupin was the curator of a retrospective of Miró's work at the Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum, the first such retrospective in New York since 1959.

## Works
### Poetry in English

* Of Flies and Monkeys, translated by John Taylor, The Bitter Oleander Press, September 2011
* Selected Poems, selected by Paul Auster, translated by Stephen Romer and David Shapiro, Bloodaxe Books, 1992
* Selected Poems, Wake Forest University Press, November 1992
* Fits and Starts: Selected Poems of Jacques Dupin, translated by Paul Auster, Living Hand Editions, 1974

### Poetry in French

* Cendrier du voyage, GLM, Paris, 1950
* Art poétique, PAB, Alès, 1956
* Les Brisants, GLM, Paris, 1958
* L'Épervier, GLM, Paris, 1960
* Gravir, Gallimard, Paris, 1963
* L'embrasure, Gallimard, Paris, 1969
* Dehors, Gallimard, Paris, 1975
* Ballast, Le Collet de Buffle, Paris, 1976
* Histoire de la lumière, L'Ire des Vents, Paris, 1978
* De nul lieu et du Japon, Éditions Fata Morgana, Montpellier, 1981
* Le Désœuvrement, Orange export Ltd, 1982
* Une Apparence de soupirail, Gallimard, Paris, 1982
* De singes et de mouches, Éditions Fata Morgana, Montpellier, 1983
* Les Mères, Fata Morgana, Montpellier, 1986
* Contumace, POL, Paris, 1986
* Chansons troglodytes, Éditions Fata Morgana, Montpellier, 1989
* Rien encore, tout déjà, Éditions Fata Morgana, Montpellier, 1991
* Echancré, POL, Paris, 1991
* Eclisse, Spectres familiers, Marseille, 1992
* Le grésil, POL, Paris, 1996
* Ecart, POL, Paris, 2000
* De singes et de mouches suivi de Les mères (réédition), POL, Paris, 2001
* Coudrier, POL, Paris, 2006

### Essays on modern art

* Joan Miro, Flammarion, Paris, 1961 (New augmented edition augmentée 1993)
* Textes pour une approche sur Alberto Giacometti, Maeght éditeur, 1962 (new edition in 1991, éditions Fourbis)
* Matière du souffle (sur Antoni Tàpies), Fourbis, Paris, 1994
* L'espace autrement dit, Editions Galilée, Paris, 1982
* Claude Garache, Dessins, Paris, Conférence et Adam Biro éditeurs, 1999
# Mount Assisi School

Mount Assisi School, is an English medium school located at Bhagalpur, Bihar, India. It is affiliated to CISCE.

## History

The school was established in 1972 by Franciscan friars (Third Order Regular of St. Francis) on the premises of a Franciscan Ashram in the heart of Bhagalpur. The only other missionary school in Bhagalpur, at the time, was the co-educational Mount Carmel School.
School Principals, including Fr. Louis K, Fr. Job TOR, Fr. Jose Chaklakal TOR, Fr. Jose Thottunkal TOR, and Fr. Thomas Chhitokulam TOR, were considered to be instrumental in the development of the school. A new campus was created in the mid-1980s due to the influence of Fr. Jose Chaklakal TOR. The school was split into the Junior Section (Nursery to Class V), which is located on the original campus, and the Senior Section (Class Nursery onwards) on the new campus built east of Bhagalpur in the vicinity of Ranitalab and the Bhagalpur Engineering College. In 2012, a new building with a large auditorium was built for the +1 and +2 students.
In the late 1980s, the institution became Co-ed. In 1992, the Plus Two wing was built, initially for a Science Wing, and was co-educational. Fr. Jose Thottunkal TOR and Fr. Thomas Chittokulam TOR, then principal and vice principal, were in charge.
'For God and Country' is the motto of the school.
The school has a basketball court, a volleyball court, a games field, an athletic field, an auditorium for parents' and children's day celebrations, a hall, a computer lab, science labs and a library. The school holds medical camps sometimes for underprivileged members of society, with the school alumni group.
Mount Assisi School is one of the few institutions in Bihar with a continuously-running school magazine, printed nearly every academic year, named MASCO. It includes articles in both English and Hindi.
The students in the school are divided into four houses. Each house throughout the year competes in competitions in quizzes, dancing, and music (instrumental as well as vocal) performances. There are also sports tournaments, including cricket, volleyball, football, kho-kho tournament, and basketball.
The school has a student annual picnic and holds events such as sports day, parents' day, and exhibitions.

## Co-curricular activities

The school was a winner in the 2018 CCCC 6.0 city round organized by Extra-C held at Inter Stariya Zila School. The competition was held on 23 July 2018.
The school, represented by Vighnesh Mishra and Shashank Shekhar, won the 2019 CCCC 7.0 Bhagalpur city round held on 7 August 2019. It was the second successive victory in the competition.
# Stentor (ciliate)

Stentor, sometimes called trumpet animalcules, are a genus of filter-feeding, heterotrophic ciliates, representative of the heterotrichs. They are usually horn-shaped, and reach lengths of two millimeters; as such, they are among the largest known extant unicellular organisms. They reproduce asexually through binary fission.

## Description

The body, or cortex, is generally horn-shaped, hence the association with the Greek herald, and the former name "trumpet animalcule". A ring of prominent cilia around the anterior "bell" sweep in food and aid in swimming. Some reach several millimeters in length, making them among the largest single-celled organisms. Stentor can come in different colors: for example, S. coeruleus can appear blue due to the presence of stentorin, a natural pigment. As in many freshwater protozoans, Stentor has a contractile vacuole. Because the concentration of salt inside the cell and in the surrounding freshwater is different, Stentor must store water that enters it by osmosis and then discharge it from the vacuole. They can regenerate, and small fragments can grow into full organisms. Each cell has one (often elongated) macronucleus and several micronuclei.
* Stentor polymorphus with algal symbionts
* Stentor polymorphus with algal symbionts
* Stentors settled on water milfoil leaf
* Stentor coeruleus digesting Blepharisma sp.

## Ecology

These protists are common worldwide in freshwater lakes and streams; only S. multiformis has been recorded from marine, freshwater, and even terrestrial biotopes. They are usually attached to algal filaments or detritus. Some Stentor species, such as S. polymorphus, can live symbiotically with certain species of green algae (Chlorella). After being ingested, the algae live on while their host absorbs nutrients produced, whereas the algae, in turn, absorb and feed on the Stentor's metabolic wastes. Stentor species react to outside disturbances by contracting into a ball. Resting cysts are known from a few species.

## Systematics

The genus contains over twenty described species (see list in box). The genus Stentor was named in 1815 by the German biologist Lorenz Oken (1779–1851).
The type species of the genus is Stentor muelleri Ehrenberg, 1831. According to recent molecular analyses, the genus seems to be monophyletic, and related to the genus Blepharisma.

## Video gallery

| Stentor muelleri in mucous lorica | Stentor coeruleus dividing (binary fission) | Stentor muelleri, magnified 1000X |
# 1933 Women's British Open Squash Championship

The 1933 Ladies Open Championships was held at the Queen's Club, West Kensington in London from 27 March - 1 April 1933. Susan Noel won her second consecutive title defeating Sheila Keith-Jones in the final. The Championship was held later than usual because the leading players were involved in a tournament in the United States.

## Draw and results
### First round

| Player One | Player Two | Score |
| Miss Susan Noel | Miss M Maclagan | 9-1 9-0 9-0 |
| Miss Margot Lumb | Miss Kathleen Tew | 9-7 9-5 9-5 |
| Miss Sheila Keith-Jones | Mrs Judith Backhouse | 9-4 9-4 9-5 |
| Miss Phyllis Blake | Miss J Ingram | w/o |
| Mrs W S Daniell | Mrs Winifred Livingstone-Learmonth | 9-6 9-2 9-1 |
| Miss Joyce Cave | Miss E H Harvey | 9-1 9-7 9-6 |
| Miss Anne Lytton-Milbanke | Miss Phyllis Tew | 9-3 9-0 9-0 |
| Miss Sylvia Huntsman | Miss Ruth Luard | 10-8 10-9 7-9 10-8 |
| Lady Aberdare + | Mrs Edith Strawson | 6-9 9-1 9-4 9-6 |
| Miss M Fraser | Mrs D Page | 10-8 3-9 9-1 9-5 |
| Mrs Elsie Pittman | Miss E C M Toyne | 10-8 9-4 9-1 |
| Mrs J Winser | Miss Alexandra McOstrich | 9-4 9-3 8-10 9-7 |
| Miss J L Seymour | Miss Elizabeth Knox | w/o |
| Mrs Madeline Chichester | Mrs Elizabeth Bryans-Wolfe | w/o |
| Lady Katharine Cairns | Miss J Cunningham | w/o |
| Miss Betty Cooke | Miss E Fordham | 9-4 9-5 9-3 |

### Second round

| Player One | Player Two | Score |
| Noel | Abedare | 9-2 9-0 9-0 |
| Lumb | Fraser | 9-2 9-2 9-1 |
| Keith-Jones | Pittman | 7-9 9-5 9-1 9-6 |
| Blake P | Winser | 6-9 9-7 8-10 9-6 9-3 |
| Daniell | Seymour | 9-5 9-3 4-9 9-1 |
| Cave J | Chichester | 9-2 9-0 9-4 |
| Lytton-M | Cairns | 9-5 9-2 9-0 |
| Huntsman S | Cooke | 1-9 9-1 9-5 4-9 9-6 |

### Quarter finals

| Player One | Player Two | Score |
| Noel | Daniell | 9-1 10-8 10-8 |
| Lumb | Cave | 9-5 9-4 9-0 |
| Keith-Jones | Lytton-M | 10-8 4-9 9-5 9-4 |
| Blake | Huntsman | 4-9 8-10 9-7 9-3 9-2 |

### Semi finals

| Player One | Player Two | Score |
| Noel | Lumb | 9-5 9-1 9-5 |
| Keith-Jones | Blake | 9-5 9-0 9-5 |

### Final

| Player One | Player Two | Score |
| Noel | Keith-Jones | 9-4 9-0 9-2 |
# Thorhilda Abbott-Watt

Thorhilda Mary Vivia "Thorda" Abbott-Watt OBE (born 11 February 1955) is an English diplomat who has represented the United Kingdom in a number of countries. From 2016 to 2019 she was British Ambassador to Turkmenistan.

## Career

Abbott-Watt joined the Foreign and Commonwealth Office (FCO) in 1974 and has worked both in London and in a number of countries in South America, the Far East and Western and Eastern Europe. In 1989 she served in the FCO, negotiating the renunciation of Four Power Rights in Germany. From 2001 to 2002 she was Chargée d'Affaires, opening the first British Embassy in Dushanbe, Tajikistan.
In 2003 Abbott-Watt became Ambassador to Armenia, a role she held for two years. In 2004, questions were raised about her competency in a letter to Foreign and Commonwealth Secretary, Jack Straw by scholar Tessa Hofmann and the International Group on Genocide Recognition and Prevention, after she made a statement at a press conference on 20 January 2004 questioning the use of the term genocide for the Armenian genocide. Abbott-Watt said, "Great Britain accepts that the events of 1915 were mass killings [of the Armenian population] – the responsible for which are the Turks. I see no problem calling it brutality. It shouldn’t have taken place even in the course of war. But I do not think that recognizing the events as genocide would be of much use."
In 2006, Abbott-Watt worked briefly as Head of Political and Military Section in Kabul, then undertook an attachment to UK Trade & Investment as Head of Strategy and Innovation. She served as Ambassador to Mongolia from 2008 to 2009 and from 2010 to 2012. In May 2016, she was appointed Ambassador to Turkmenistan.
Abbott-Watt was appointed Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE) in the 2017 Birthday Honours. In 2020, she was appointed as the British High Commissioner to Tonga but had to leave that country after a short time on the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. She worked for a time on repatriation of people who had been trapped overseas by COVID-related travel disruption, then retired after a 46-year career in the Foreign Office and then the Foreign Commonwealth and Development Office.

## Personal life

Abbott-Watt is married to Reef Talbot Hogg. Her father was a soldier and diplomat, and her mother a premiere danseuse with the Ballet Russe. She was educated at Stonar School, Wiltshire.
# Welham Girls' School

Welham Girls' School is a private boarding school for girls located in Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India.

## History

The school was founded by Hersilia Susie Oliphant, who had previously set up Welham Boys' School. She named the schools after her home village of Welham, Nottinghamshire in the United Kingdom.
She acquired a palatial estate called Nasreen adjacent to the boys' school to start a small boarding school for girls. There were no funds, staff, or school buildings. There were originally ten pupils. Oliphant recruited another English woman, Grace Mary Linnel, to run the boarding school for girls. Linnel became the founder principal of Welham Girls School, which started in 1957.
The school has been described in The Economic Times as one of a group of "old, rich and popular schools — the Eton equivalents in India ... These boarding schools are a state of mind in themselves, an attitude which can’t be duplicated".

## Extracurricular activities

The school hosts competitive events such as sports, craft, dramatics, music, dance and photography. Sports include basketball, hockey, swimming, badminton, lawn tennis, athletics, table tennis, karate, shooting and aerobics. The basketball team has won numerous tournaments and represented Uttrakhand at the national level. Several students have been chosen for the India camp as well.

## Notable alumnae

* Priyanka Gandhi, Politician
* Kareena Kapoor, Actor
* Meira Kumar, former Speaker of the Lok Sabha
* Tavleen Singh, Journalist
* Deepa Mehta, Film director

### Art

* Madhu Jain, textile designer
* Smriti Morarka, hand-weaving revivalist
* Mrinalini Mukherjee, artist
* Laila Tyabji, co-founder of Dastkar

### Business

* Devika Bulchandani, Global CEO, Ogilvy
* Devyani Rana, vice-president of Coca-Cola India

### Film

* Kareena Kapoor, actress
* Nitya Mehra, director and screenwriter
* Deepa Mehta, film director
* Shivani Rawat, producer
* Sukhmani Sadana, actor and screenwriter
* Priya Seth, cinematographer
* Alankrita Shrivastava, screenwriter and film director

### Indian Administrative Service

* Neera Yadav, IAS officer

### Journalism

* Radhika Roy, co-founder and co-owner of NDTV
* Tavleen Singh, non-fiction writer, journalist and columnist, Indian Express
* Madhu Trehan, journalist and co-founder of Newslaundry

### Law

* Malavika Rajkotia, lawyer and activist

### Literature

* Advaita Kala, novelist and screenwriter
* Deepti Kapoor, novelist

### Politics and activism

* Subhashini Ali, activist, president of the All India Democratic Women's Association
* Renuka Chowdhury, MP Rajya Sabha
* Priyanka Gandhi, politician
* Brinda Karat, Member of Parliament, Communist Party of India (Marxist)
* Meira Kumar, ex-presidential candidate and First Lady speaker of the Lok Sabha
* Mala Sen, writer and activist
* Ambika Soni, politician

### Sports

* Jyoti Ann Burrett, footballer
# Oluʼbo people

Oluʼbo is a Central Sudanic ethnic group in the Equatoria region of South Sudan. They speak the Olu'bo language as their mother tongue. They are also known as the Lulubo people by their neighbors, but their preferred self-designation is Olu'bo. The population of this group may exceed 10,000. Most persons in this minority are not Muslim, although some are.
# Coimisiún na Meán

Coimisiún na Meán (lit. 'Media Commission') is the regulator of broadcasting and online media in Ireland.
The commission was established in 2023 as a successor body to the Broadcasting Authority of Ireland.
The commission came into being on 15 March 2023 under amendments to the Broadcasting Act 2009 made by the Online Safety and Media Regulation Act 2022.
The new framework has been described as "establish[ing] a robust regulatory framework for online safety in response to the emergence of non-traditional and on-demand media so that regulation of these forms of media are on an equal footing with that of traditional media broadcasting".

## Members of the Commission

Members of Coimisiún na Meán:
* Jeremy Godfrey as Executive Chairperson;
* Niamh Hodnett as Online Safety Commissioner;
* Rónán Ó Domhnaill as Media Development Commissioner;
* Aoife MacEvilly as Broadcasting and Video-on-Demand Commissioner; and
* John Evans as Digital Services Commissioner

## Relation with the European Union

Coimisiún na Meán is the designated Digital Services Coordinator for Ireland under the EU's Digital Services Act.
# Plica pansticta

Plica pansticta is a species of South American lizard in the family Tropiduridae. The species is found in Venezuela.