# Chief Economic Advisor to the Government of India

The Chief Economic Adviser to the Government of India (CEA) advises the government on economic matters and is responsible for the preparation of the Economic survey of India tabled in Parliament before the Union budget of India is presented. The CEA holds the rank of a Secretary to the Government of India.
The CEA is the ex-officio cadre-controlling authority of the Indian Economic Service. The CEA is head of Economic Division of the Department of Economic Affairs, Ministry of Finance, Government of India. Until 2009, the CEA’s position was a Union Public Service Commission appointment and until the 1970s almost all CEAs were members of the Indian Economic Service.
One CEA, Manmohan Singh went on to become the Prime Minister of India. Four CEAs have gone on to become the Governor of the Reserve Bank of India - I. G. Patel, Manmohan Singh, Bimal Jalan and Raghuram Rajan, and one (Rakesh Mohan) became the Deputy Governor of the RBI.

## History

Until 2009, the post of Chief Economic Advisor to the Government of India was a Union Public Service Commission appointment and until the 1970s almost all CEAs were members of the Indian Economic Service.

## Role of the CEA

The extent to which the Government takes into account the advice of the Chief Economic Adviser has generally been considered to be open-ended.
In his 2018 book titled Of Counsel: The Challenges of the Modi-Jaitley Economy, former CEA Arvind Subramanian stated that the job of the CEA carried no executive responsibility. According to him, the only clearly defined job of the CEA was to produce the Economic Survey of India preceding the Union Budget.

## List of CEAs

Below is a list of Chief Economic Advisers that have been appointed by the Government of India since Independence in 1947.
| S.No | Name | Assumed office | Left office | Prime Minister |
| 1 | JJ Anjaria | 1956 | 1961 | Jawaharlal Nehru |
| 2 | IG Patel | 1961 | 1964 | Jawaharlal Nehru |
| 2 | IG Patel | 1964 | 1966 | Lal Bahadur Shastri |
| 2 | IG Patel | 1966 | 1967 | Indira Gandhi |
| 3 | V. K. Ramaswamy | 1967 | 1969 | Indira Gandhi |
| 4 | Ashok Mitra | 1970 | 1972 | Indira Gandhi |
| 5 | Manmohan Singh | 1972 | 1976 | Indira Gandhi |
| 6 | R. M. Honavar | 1977 | 1979 | Morarji Desai |
| 6 | R. M. Honavar | 1977 | 1979 | Charan Singh |
| 7 | Bimal Jalan | 1981 | 1984 | Indira Gandhi |
| 7 | Bimal Jalan | 1984 | 1988 | Rajiv Gandhi |
| 8 | Nitin Desai | 1988 | 1988 | Rajiv Gandhi |
| 8 | Nitin Desai | 1988 | 1989 | V. P. Singh |
| 9 | Deepak Nayyar | 1989 | 1990 | V. P. Singh |
| 9 | Deepak Nayyar | 1990 | 1991 | Chandra Shekhar |
| 9 | Deepak Nayyar | 1991 | 1991 | P. V. Narasimha Rao |
| 10 | Shankar Acharya | 1993 | 1996 | P. V. Narasimha Rao |
| 10 | Shankar Acharya | 1996 | 1997 | H. D. Deve Gowda |
| 10 | Shankar Acharya | 1997 | 1998 | Inder Kumar Gujral |
| 10 | Shankar Acharya | 1998 | 2001 | Atal Bihari Vajpayee |
| 11 | Rakesh Mohan | 2001 | 2002 | Atal Bihari Vajpayee |
| 12 | Ashok K Lahiri | 2002 | 2004 | Atal Bihari Vajpayee |
| 12 | Ashok K Lahiri | 2004 | 2007 | Manmohan Singh |
| 13 | Arvind Virmani | 2007 | 2009 | Manmohan Singh |
| 14 | Kaushik Basu | 2009 | 2012 | Manmohan Singh |
| 15 | Raghuram Rajan | 10 August 2012 | 4 September 2013 | Manmohan Singh |
| 16 | Arvind Subramanian | 16 October 2014 | 20 June 2018 | Narendra Modi |
| 17 | Krishnamurthy Subramanian | 7 December 2018 | 7 December 2021 | Narendra Modi |
| 18 | V Anantha Nageswaran | 28 January 2022 | Incumbent | Narendra Modi |