OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# University of Central Punjab

The University of Central Punjab (Urdu: یونیورسٹی آف سنٹرل پنجاب) or UCP is a private university located on Khayaban-e-Jinnah Road, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.

## History

On 15 August 1996, the Punjab Group of Colleges, a private business venture, petitioned the Government of Punjab for the establishment of a university in the province. UCP was chartered by the Government of the Punjab in 2002 and recognized by the Higher Education Commission (Pakistan). Punjab Institute of Computer Science (PICS), Punjab College of Commerce (PCC) and Punjab College of Information Technology (PCIT) formed the core of the university at the time of establishment.
Following a restructuring in 2004, the PCBA and PICS operate under the Faculty of Management Studies and Faculty of Information Technology of the University of Central Punjab respectively. The Punjab Colleges of Commerce and the Punjab Law College respectively function under the Faculties of Commerce and of Law of the University of Central Punjab. The Faculty of Engineering (FOE) was introduced in 2002.
The university is located opposite Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital & Research Centre on Khayaban-e-Jinnah Road Lahore. It covers an area of 500,000 square feet. The campus was built in 2010 and consists of five blocks. There is an auditorium block consisting of 300 seats. It houses a number of facilities, both curricular and co-curricular in nature.

### Library

The library of the university has an academic collection of more than 40,000 books from various disciplines being taught at the university. The collection in the library is arranged according to a specific classification scheme known as Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC) scheme.

## Organization and administration

The governor of Punjab serves as the Patron of the university. Educational Excellence Limited is the sponsoring body of the university whose chairman, currently Mian Amer Mahmood, also chairs the Board of Governors. The board includes the chairman, Pro-rector and members nominated by the Patron, Chairman, HEC, PHEC and accrediting bodies.

## Academics

Faculties
The university consists of the following faculties:
* Faculty of Engineering
* Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences
* Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences
* Faculty of Law
* School of Media and Communication Studies
* Faculty of Life Sciences
* Faculty of Information Technology and Computer Science
* Faculty of Language & Literature
* Faculty of Science & Technology
* Faculty of Management Sciences
Accreditation
All of the engineering programs offered by UCP are accredited by the Pakistan Engineering Council under Level-II, substantially equivalent to Washington Accord. Whereas, the Pharm-D program is accredited by the Pharmacy Council of Pakistan and Computer Science program by NCEAC.
Rankings
UCP was ranked #=94 in QS Asian University Rankings - Southern Asia for 2025. It was also ranked #1201+ in QS Sustainability Ranking for 2025. According to the HEC ranking 2022, its business school was ranked seventh in Lahore.
# Blouson

A blouson or blouse jacket is a jacket that is drawn tight at the waist, causing it to blouse out and hang over the waistband. Originating in military uniforms of the mid-20th century, versions continue to be used as part of military, paramilitary and law enforcement uniforms in many places. As a piece of civilian clothing, it is considered to be both sportswear and casual clothing.

## History

During World War II, British soldiers wore Battledress uniforms that featured a jacket with an integrated belt to cinch the jacket tightly at the waist. These in turn inspired the creation of the United States Army's M-1944 field jacket, better known after its principal advocate as the Eisenhower jacket.
The MA-1 bomber jacket was originally designed for the US military during the 1950s. The MA-2 bomber jacket has now taken its place.
The Black jacket was popularized by Yves Saint Laurent and was donned by some music groups in the late 1950s and early 1960s. Modern flight jackets have been popular with skinheads and scooterboys from the 1980s onwards.
In 1993, a blouson was worn as the national costume of the United States for the APEC meeting held in Seattle, Washington. In the early 2000s, the jacket was popular casual wear in hip hop fashion.

## Raid jacket

A Raid Jacket is a garment typically worn by law enforcement officers and agents. It is similar to a baseball jacket in appearance but without the elasticated waist/collar and fastened with press studs.

## Gallery

* Advert for Battledress
* NZ issue Battledress jacket
* An Israeli Border Police soldier in a fur collared blouson
* An Austrian Gendarmerie blouson
* A modern fashion blouson/bomber jacket
* A punk style blouson
* A Hamburg Dienstkleidung der Bundeszollverwaltung blouson
# Princess Ruru

Princess Ruru of Northern Qi (蠕蠕公主) (530 CE – 6 May 548 CE) was the consort of Gao Huan, the regent of Eastern Wei, and later of Gao Cheng, Gao Huan's eldest son. She was the daughter of Anagui, the famed khan of the Rourans.

## Biography

She was born in Mobei, north of Gobi Desert, in an area that included Outer Mongolia, present-day Mongolia. She was said to be very good at shooting. She was born into the royal Yujiulü clan, and her father was the famed Anagui, khan of the Rourans.
In fall 545, due to an alliance between Western Wei and Rouran to attack Eastern Wei, Gao Huan sued for peace with Rouran by requesting a marriage between a daughter of Yujiulü Anagui and Gao Cheng, his eldest son. Yujiulü Anagui refused, stating that it would only be sufficient if Gao Huan himself married her. Gao Huan initially refused, because he respected his then-wife Lou Zhaojun very much, and was therefore reluctant to marry Yujiulü Anagui's daughter and create her as Queen, but was persuaded otherwise, and he married Yujiulü Anagui's daughter, referring to her as the Princess Ruru (蠕蠕公主). To facilitate this marriage, Lou Zhaojun moved out of the mansion, though Gao Huan and Lou Zhaojun were not formally divorced.
After Gao Huan's death, pursuant to Rouran customs, Princess Ruru became married to Gao Huan's son Gao Cheng, who also, however, did not formally divorce his wife, Princess Yuan. She gave birth to a daughter with Gao Cheng.

## In popular culture

She was portrayed by Bai Shan in the 2013 Chinese television series Legend of Lu Zhen. There, she is depicted as being the mother of Gao Zhan and Gao Xiang.
# MOD Kineton

Defence Munitions (DM) Kineton occupies the site officially known as MOD Kineton, and is a Ministry of Defence property located close to the village of Kineton, Warwickshire, England.
The site is also known as Kineton Station and Marlborough Barracks.

## History

Developed from 1941 onwards on land neighbouring the village of Burton Dassett, the site is approximately 10 miles (16 km) from both Banbury and Leamington Spa. Developed as a Central Ammunition Depot, it also served during the Second World War as a Royal Pioneer Corps camp.
Defence Munitions Kineton is now the largest ammunition depot in western Europe. The base stores more than 60% of the entire Ministry of Defence’s munitions.

### Rail links

Defence Munitions Kineton extends to 2200 acres. It is linked to the Network Rail mainline system by a branch line consisting of part of the former mainline of the Stratford-upon-Avon and Midland Junction Railway, from Fenny Compton. The building of the M40 motorway cut the line for a time, but after a new bridge was built, the line was rebuilt in its entirety with deep ballast and fully welded joints.

### Based units

The site also houses the Defence Explosive Ordnance Disposal, Munitions and Search Training Regiment, and there is an extensive military family married quarters patch at Temple Herdewyke, along with its associated information centre, Kineton HIVE.
# Robert Kochiev

Robert Ivanovich Kochiev (Russian: Роберт Иванович Кочиев; born March 16, 1966, Tskhinvali) is a Russian political figure and a deputy of the 6th and 8th State Dumas.
From 2007 to 2011, Kochiev was the deputy of the Parliament of the Republic of North Ossetia–Alania of the 4th convocation. In 2011, he was elected deputy of the 6th State Duma from the North Ossetia–Alania constituency. From 2017 to 2021, he was the deputy of the Parliament of the Republic of North Ossetia–Alania of the 6th convocation. Since September 2021, he has served as deputy of the 8th State Duma.

## Sanctions

He was sanctioned by the UK government in 2022 in relation to the Russo-Ukrainian War.
# Marcus Ruddle

Marcus Poole Ruddle (16 January 1905 – 25 February 1986) was an Irish first-class cricketer.
Ruddle was born at Lansdowne in Dublin in December 1905, and was educated in the city at Earlsfort House School. Ruddle initially played his club cricket for Pembroke and Phoenix, before playing for Clontarf. He later played a single appearance in first-class cricket for Ireland against the English Minor Counties cricket team at Dublin in 1937. Batting twice in the match, Ruddle ended Ireland's first-innings unbeaten without scoring, while in their second-innings he was dismissed without scoring by Leslie Jones. Across both Minor Counties innings', he bowled eight wicket-less overs. Outside of cricket he worked in banking. In later years, Ruddle was active in promoting youth cricket. He died at Dublin in January 1905.
# British Rail Class 22

The British Rail Class 22 or "Baby Warship" was a class of diesel-hydraulic locomotives designed for the Western Region of British Railways and built by the North British Locomotive Company. They were very similar in appearance to the Class 21 diesel-electrics, although shorter in length by almost five feet. The nickname Baby Warship related to the similarity in appearance (and internal equipment) to the British Rail Class D20/2 or Class 41 Warship Class. The Class 22s were numbered D6300-D6357.

## History
### Introduction

Distribution of locomotives, July 1967 :
| 81A82A83A84A |||
| Code | Name | Quantity |
| 81A | Old Oak Common | 20 |
| 82A | Bristol Bath Road | 16 |
| 83A | Newton Abbot | 9 |
| 84A | Laira | 13 |
| Total: | Total: | 58 |
D6300 was introduced to traffic in 1959 and deliveries continued until 1962. The Class 22s were allocated to Bristol Bath Road, Laira Plymouth, Newton Abbot and Old Oak Common. The majority of the class always operated in the West of England, on a range of local passenger and freight work, with smaller numbers of the later units operating on local work in the Bristol area and around London Paddington (notably moving empty carriages between the main station and Old Oak Common yard).

### Availability

Initially the locomotives had some problems with engine and transmission faults, but could be returned to North British Locomotive Works (NBL) for repair under the contractual agreement. By 1961, reliability had improved, but with the more powerful locomotives of Classes 35, 42, and 43 now being available, the locomotives were displaced onto more secondary duties, including work on the former Southern Region lines west of Exeter. By the mid 1960s, the locos had settled down to give reliable service, with availability over 85%.

### Decline

NBL went bankrupt in 1962 and, by the late 1960s, withdrawn locomotives were being used to provide spares. Attrition was inevitable and the withdrawals, which had commenced in 1967, finished with the withdrawal of 6333, 6336, 6338 and 6339 on 1 January 1972. Ex-London Midland Region Class 25 diesel-electrics were drafted in as replacements.

## Livery

The NBL type 2s were introduced in all-over green livery with a light grey skirt band, mid-grey roof, red buffer beams and black underframe. Numbers appeared below all four cab windows and the BR 'lion and wheel' emblem was placed high on the bodyside as centrally as possible. Later a small yellow warning was added. From 1967 some locos were repainted in the new corporate rail blue livery. The first four repaints, D6300, D6303, D6314 and D6327 had small yellow warning panels which they retained until withdrawal, later blue repaints had full yellow ends. Only about half the class were repainted into blue. The BR logo was placed immediately below each cab window, with the loco number below this; on some locos this was reversed.

## Models

Dapol released a 00 gauge model of the class 22 in late 2011.
# Albania–Azerbaijan relations

Albania intends to open an embassy in Baku and Azerbaijan has accredited its ambassador in Athens with the additional position of Ambassador to Albania.
Both nations are predominantly Muslim and are part of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation and the Council of Europe. Relations between the two countries were established on the 23 September 1992 after Azerbaijan achieved independence from the Soviet Union. Both countries are full members of the Organization of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation and Organisation of Islamic Cooperation and Council of Europe.

## Relations

Albania and Azerbaijan have developing economic and cultural ties. Albania supports the territorial integrity of Azerbaijan and an end to the occupation of Azerbaijani territories by neighbouring states including Armenia.
On 26 November 2019, an earthquake struck the Durrës region of Albania. The Azerbaijani government donated 500,000 euros for humanitarian aid to Albania.

## Economic relations
### Imports and exports

Imports of Azerbaijan :
| Year | Amount Thousands of USD | % of total amount of imports |
| 2020 | 385,95 | |
| 2021 | 657,93 | 0,01 |
Exports of Azerbaijan :
| Year | Amount Thousands of USD | % of total amount of exports |
| 2020 | 0 | 0 |
| 2021 | 4 293,08 | 0,02 |
# United Nations Capital Development Fund

The United Nations Capital Development Fund (UNCDF) assists developing countries in the development of their economies by supplementing existing sources of capital assistance by means of grants, loans and guarantees, first and foremost for the least developed countries (LDCs) among the developing countries.
As a Flagship Catalytic Blended Financing platform of the UN, UNCDF utilizes its unique capability to crowd-in finance for the scaling of development impact where the needs are greatest—a capability rooted in UNCDF’s unique investment mandate—to support the achievement of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and the realization of the Doha Programme of Action for the least developed countries, 2022–2031.
Established by the General Assembly in 1966 and with headquarters in New York City, UNCDF is an autonomous UN organization affiliated with UNDP.
The original UNCDF mandate from the UN General Assembly (UNGA) is to “assist developing countries in the development of their economies by supplementing existing sources of capital assistance by means of grants and loans” (General Assembly Resolution 2186, 13 December 1966). The mandate was modified in 1973 to serve first and foremost but not exclusively the LDCs.
The current Executive Secretary of UNCDF is Pradeep Kurukulasuriya.

## History

Created by the General Assembly in 1966 to promote economic development, UNCDF officially was established as an "autonomous organization within the United Nations" with the purpose to "assist developing countries in the development of their economies by supplementing existing sources of capital assistance by means of grants and loans".
In 1973, the Governing Council reoriented UNCDF's activities towards "first and foremost the least developed among the developing countries" and it began focusing on the world's least developed countries in 1974.
For the next twenty years, UNCDF financed stand-alone capital infrastructure—roads, bridges, irrigation schemes—mostly in Africa. It received about $40 million in core funding per year and operated out of UNDP country offices.
In the mid-1990s, UNCDF began focusing on the role local governments could play in planning, financing, and maintaining capital investments. Promoting effective infrastructure investment and service delivery via decentralized public financial management has been UNCDF's mainstay ever since. UNCDF's other major area of expertise—microfinance—also dates to the mid-1990s, when many of its rural development projects had credit components.
UNCDF's resources remain modest compared to many multilateral organizations. However, it has developed a considerable track record of going where others do not, and then “leveraging in” larger sources of public and private capital. In the words of a 2008 assessment by the Government of Sweden, “UNCDF should be seen as a development actor that paves the way for others, rather than a financing mechanism.”
In 2013, UNCDF received the highest score in the SmartAid for Microfinance Index, a measure of overall effectiveness in microfinance.
# Jeremiah Films

Jeremiah Films is an independent media production and distribution company. The organization was founded by Patrick Matrisciana in 1978. As of 2012, they are based in Jacksonville Beach, Florida.

## Organizational background

Jeremiah Films produces videos that the group says "promote patriotism, traditional values, and the Biblical worldview of [the] founding fathers" of the United States. It has produced films that investigate subjects as varied as terrorism, paganism, evolution, Mormonism, Seventh-day Adventism, abortion, Halloween, Islam, Christianity, Cults, the occult, Jim Jones, Jehovah's Witness, and the Clinton presidency and scandals surrounding Gennifer Flowers and the alleged murder of Vince Foster.

## Filmography

In 1996, Jeremiah Films distributed a film titled The Clinton Chronicles, which contains a list of people who were linked to President Bill Clinton who either died mysteriously or who was murdered. One of the most recognizable films produced in conjunction with Chuck Smith and Caryl Matrisciana is titled Halloween: Trick or Treat, the first in a 13-part series titled The Pagan Invasion.
Another noteworthy title is The God Makers film, released in 1982, along with its sequel The God Makers II released eleven years later in 1993.
The company produces a variety of videos, including Baby Parts For Sale, an "investigation into the multimillion-dollar-a-year baby parts trafficking industry" and stem cell research; and Halloween: Trick or Treat?, which challenges parents with a Biblical worldview "to decide whether to allow their children to participate in celebrations which glorify Pagan Occultism". The company also produced and distributes the videos The Godmakers, The Secret World of Mormonism, Freemasonry: From Darkness to Light, Death By Entertainment, Sudan: The Hidden Holocaust, The Evolution Conspiracy, The Death of Vince Foster, Cultural Marxism: The Corruption of America, Warriors of Honor: The Faith and Legacies of Robert E. Lee and Stonewall Jackson, NO OPT-OUT ALLOWED: The California Sex Ed Indoctrination, and Hillary uncensored! Banned by the Media telling the Peter F Paul story and includes Gala Hollywood Farewell Salute to President Clinton.
In 1996, Patrick Matrisciana, the founder of Jeremiah Films and an organization called Citizens for an Honest Government, produced a video called Obstruction of Justice: The Mena Connection. It claimed that two police officers with links to former Arkansas governor, Bill Clinton were implicated in drug trafficking, two murders, and a cover-up of the murders. The police officers sued Matrisciana for defamation and won an award of $598,750. In 1999, the award was overturned after Matrisciana appealed to the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit. He won in appeals court; the three-judge panel saying: Campbell and Lane being public officials bear the burden of proving statements made by a defendant are false, and they failed to meet that standard. The judge said a public figure plaintiff must also prove malice and they did not.
# United States Senate Foreign Relations Subcommittee on Multilateral International Development, Multilateral Institutions, and International Economic, Energy and Environmental Policy

The Senate Foreign Relations Subcommittee on International Development, Multilateral Institutions, and International Economic, Energy and Environmental Policy is one of seven subcommittees of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee.

## Jurisdiction

The subcommittee’s responsibilities include general oversight responsibility for U.S. multilateral international development policy, multilateral foreign assistance, and all U.S. mandatory and voluntary contributions to international organizations and relationship with such entities, including the U.N. and its affiliated agencies. The subcommittee’s responsibilities also include matters related to international monetary policy, including U.S. participation in international financial institutions and trade organizations, U.S. foreign economic policy, including export enhancement and trade promotion, international investment, international trade, protection of intellectual property, and technology transfer, as well as international energy policy and environmental policy, including matters related to the oceans and the Arctic.

## Members, 119th Congress

| Majority | Ranking Member |
| Mike Lee, Utah, Chair Rand Paul, Kentucky Dave McCormick, Pennsylvania John Barrasso, Wyoming Bill Hagerty, Tennessee | Tammy Duckworth, Illinois, Ranking Member Brian Schatz, Hawaii Jacky Rosen, Nevada Chris Coons, Delaware |
| Ex officio ||
| Jim Risch, Idaho | Jeanne Shaheen, New Hampshire |

## Historical subcommittee rosters
### 118th Congress

| Majority | Minority |
| Tammy Duckworth, Illinois, Chair Chris Coons, Delaware Brian Schatz, Hawaii Jeanne Shaheen, New Hampshire Tim Kaine, Virginia | John Barrasso, Wyoming, Ranking Member Mitt Romney, Utah Bill Hagerty, Tennessee Rand Paul, Kentucky |
| Ex officio ||
| Ben Cardin, Maryland | Jim Risch, Idaho |

### 117th Congress

| Majority | Minority |
| Chris Coons, Delaware, Chair Brian Schatz, Hawaii Cory Booker, New Jersey Ben Cardin, Maryland Jeanne Shaheen, New Hampshire | Todd Young, Indiana, Ranking Member Rob Portman, Ohio Rand Paul, Kentucky John Barrasso, Wyoming Mike Rounds, South Dakota |
| Ex officio ||
| Bob Menendez, New Jersey | Jim Risch, Idaho |
# Emanuel Vignato

Emanuel Vignato (born 24 August 2000) is an Italian professional footballer who plays as midfielder for Serie B club Pisa.

## Club career
### Bologna
#### Loan to Chievo

On 20 January 2020, he signed a contract with Bologna and was loaned back to Chievo for the remainder of the 2019–20 season.

#### Loan to Empoli

On 31 January 2023, Vignato joined Empoli on a year-and-a-half-long loan with an option to buy.

### Pisa

On 1 September 2023, Vignato signed with Pisa.
On 1 February 2024, Vignato was loaned by Salernitana, with an option to buy.

## International career

Vignato was born in Italy to an Italian father and a Brazilian mother. He was called up to represent both Brazil U17, without playing a match. He opted to represent Italy, playing for their under-17 team.
On 8 October 2021 he made his debut with the Italy U21 squad, playing as a starter and scoring a goal in the qualifying match won 2–1 against Bosnia and Herzegovina in Zenica.

## Personal life

Vignato's brother, Samuele, is also a professional footballer.

## Career statistics
### Club

    As of match played 25 May 2024
| Club | Season | League | League | League | National Cup | National Cup | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | League | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Chievo | 2016–17 | Serie A | 2 | 0 | — | — | 2 | 0 |
| Chievo | 2018–19 | Serie A | 10 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 10 | 1 |
| Chievo | 2019–20 | Serie B | 35 | 5 | 2 | 0 | 37 | 5 |
| Chievo | Total | Total | 47 | 6 | 2 | 0 | 49 | 6 |
| Bologna | 2020–21 | Serie A | 31 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 33 | 2 |
| Bologna | 2021–22 | Serie A | 24 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 25 | 0 |
| Bologna | 2022–23 | Serie A | 8 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 9 | 0 |
| Bologna | Total | Total | 63 | 1 | 4 | 1 | 67 | 2 |
| Empoli | 2022–23 | Serie A | 5 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 1 |
| Pisa | 2023–24 | Serie B | 12 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 0 |
| Salernitana | 2023–24 | Serie A | 9 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 9 | 0 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 132 | 8 | 6 | 1 | 138 | 9 |
* ↑ Includes Coppa Italia