OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Wakarusa Township, Kansas

Wakarusa Township is a township in Douglas County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2010 census, its population was 2,318.

## History

It was named for the Wakarusa River which flows through Douglas County from Wabaunsee County to the Kansas River near Eudora.

## Geography

Wakarusa Township covers an area of 46.74 square miles (121.1 km$^2$) surrounding the county seat of Lawrence. According to the United States Geological Survey, it contains one cemetery, Richland.
Lake View Lake is within this township. The streams of Baldwin Creek, Burroughs Creek, Coal Creek, Washington Creek and Yankee Tank Creek run through this township.

## Adjacent townships

* Rural Township, Jefferson County (northwest)
* Grant Township, Douglas County (north)
* Reno Township, Leavenworth County (northeast)
* Eudora Township, Douglas County (east)
* Palmyra Township, Douglas County (southeast)
* Willow Springs Township, Douglas County (southwest)
* Clinton Township, Douglas County (west)
* Kanwaka Township, Douglas County (west)
* Lecompton Township, Douglas County (west)

## Communities

Although these towns may not be incorporated or populated, they are still placed on maps produced by the county. The city of Lawrence is considered governmentally independent and is not included on this list.
* Franklin, located at 38°56′16″N 95°11′10″W﻿ / ﻿38.93778°N 95.18611°W﻿ / 38.93778; -95.18611﻿ (Franklin, Kansas)
* Lake View, located at 39°00′38″N 95°17′37″W﻿ / ﻿39.01056°N 95.29361°W﻿ / 39.01056; -95.29361﻿ (Lake View, Kansas)
* Noria, located at 38°57′00″N 95°10′54″W﻿ / ﻿38.95000°N 95.18167°W﻿ / 38.95000; -95.18167﻿ (Noria, Kansas)
* Sibleyville, located at 38°53′04″N 95°12′19″W﻿ / ﻿38.88444°N 95.20528°W﻿ / 38.88444; -95.20528﻿ (Sibleyville, Kansas)

## Transportation

Wakarusa Township is served directly by one Interstate Highway, one US Highway and one state highway:
* I-70
* US-59
* K-10
Wakarusa Township is served with direct routes to one Interstate Highway, two US Highways and one state highway:
* I-35
* US-24
* US-40
* K-32

## Places of interest

* Wells Overlook. A county-owned park with a watchtower that offers a scenic view of the surrounding area, including Lawrence. The overlook was used during the Bleeding Kansas era as a look out for pro-slavery threats.
* Lake View. A natural oxbow lake formed from the Kansas River. Lake View was once a popular lakeside resort and still has a small population today.
* The Baker Wetlands are between the Lawrence city limits and the Wakarusa River along 31st Street and supports various species of plants, birds and animals.
* The townsite of Franklin, along K-10, was once a pro-slavery town that competed with Lawrence. When Lawrence was burned in 1863 most of the houses were moved to help with the rebuilding.
# WCNH (Bow, New Hampshire)

WCNH was an FM radio station licensed to Bow, New Hampshire, broadcasting on 91.5 MHz. The station served the Concord, New Hampshire area, and was owned by New Hampshire Public Radio, Incorporated. It served as the second home for the "Classical New Hampshire" classical music service, operating from 2011 to 2021.

## History

In 2000, Highland Community Broadcasting was created after New Hampshire Public Radio dropped all classical music programming. The group incorporated as a non-profit and applied for a low-power FM license in August 2000. In July 2003, the FCC granted a license to Highland for 94.7 MHz in Concord. After six months of raising funds, WCNH-LP was constructed and went on the air at 2 p.m. on February 29, 2004. In October 2008, Highland was granted a construction permit for a new non-commercial license for 91.5 MHz in Bow, New Hampshire. In October 2011, that new frequency was launched as WCNH, and the low-power FM station was sold.
In June 2014, Highland sold WCNH to New Hampshire Public Radio, Incorporated, for $75,000. The sale was consummated on August 19, 2014.
WCNH operated at only 190 watts due to the crowded state of the noncommercial end of the FM dial in New England; its coverage area was effectively limited to Concord and surrounding areas of Merrimack County. To make up for the shortfall in coverage, it was simulcast on sister station WEVO's second HD channel. When St. Paul's School could no longer operate its station at 90.5 MHz and donated it to NHPR effective March 25, 2021, the network orchestrated a reconstruction of that facility with higher power and moved Classical NH and the WCNH call sign down the dial on April 5, 2021—a change that added 80,000 people to WCNH's coverage area. As a result, 91.5 FM, which went silent to allow NHPR to identify future uses, became WSPS on April 22, 2021. No other use for the frequency was identified, and NHPR submitted the license for cancellation on April 7, 2022.
# KZPR

KZPR (105.3 FM, "The Fox 105.3") is an active rock format radio station in Minot, North Dakota, owned by iHeartMedia, Inc. The station began as a classic rock station but has evolved into an active rock station and competes with classic rock formatted KTZU "94.9 The Zoo".
# African Company of Merchants

* view
* talk
The African Company of Merchants or Company of Merchants Trading to Africa was a British chartered company operating from 1752 to 1821 in the Gold Coast area of modern Ghana, engaged in the Atlantic slave trade.

## Background

The company was established by the African Company Act 1750 (24 Geo. 2. c. 49), and in 1752 replaced the Royal African Company which had been established in 1660. Unlike its predecessor, the African Company of Merchants was a regulated company, not a joint stock company: Clause IV of the African Company Act 1750 stated:
The assets of the Royal African Company were transferred to the new company and consisted primarily of nine trading posts or factories: Fort William, Fort James, Fort Sekondi, Fort Winneba, Fort Apollonia, Fort Tantumquery, Fort Metal Cross, Fort Komenda and Cape Coast Castle, the last of which was the administrative centre. This coastal area was dominated by the indigenous Fante people.

## African Committee

The company was managed by the African Committee, which was composed of nine committee members, three each from London, Liverpool and Bristol. The constitution stipulated that the committee should be elected annually from the general body of traders from these cities, who paid 40 shillings to be admitted to the company. According to the constitution, these committee members could only hold the post for three years. However, in 1772 a series of pamphlets were published claiming that the Committee members were not acting properly.
The company was funded by an annual grant approved by Parliament, which covered the costs of the London office and the forts. The committee had to report to the Exchequer, the Admiralty and, from 1782, the Secretary at War. John Shoolbred (1740–1802), uncle of another John Shoolbred noted for his advocacy of vaccination, was secretary to the committee for several years.
The imperial government prohibited the African slave trade after 1807, although the company continued to operate for some years afterwards. In keeping with the ethos of liberal reform, administrative authority over the African Company's territory was transferred to Governor Charles MacCarthy of Sierra Leone, Sierra Leone having been founded as a refuge colony for freed formerly enslaved peoples. (Governor McCarthy was subsequently killed in the First Anglo-Asante War.) In 1817, the company signed a treaty of friendship recognising the Asante claims to sovereignty over large areas of the coast, including areas claimed by the Fante. However, after it became public knowledge that the company had continued the slave trade within its privately held territory, the British government abolished the company in 1821.
# Enterprise Tower

The Enterprise is a highrise located in Abilene, Texas originally known as the First State Bank Tower and then Bank of America Building. It was constructed in the early 80s and completed by 1984. This is the tallest building in the city at 20 stories, 285 feet (87 m), and 6th tallest in West Texas. The building is located at 500 Chestnut St. next to the Taylor County Courthouse.
The office tower was purchased by John Hancock Mutual Life in January 1990 for about $8 million. In June 2015, Cardinal Energy Group moved its headquarters from Dublin, Ohio, to the building.
# Lucas Bretón

Lucas Bretón Salcedo (born 20 November 2006) is a Dominican Republic footballer who plays as a midfielder, with the Dominican Republic national team and most recently for Cibao in the Liga Dominicana de Fútbol.

## International career

Bretón made his senior debut for the Dominican Republic national football team on 26 March 2024 in a friendly against Peru, under the guidance of head coach Marcelo Neveleff.
He was also part of the Dominican Republic U17 and U20 teams, making notable appearances in the CONCACAF youth championships.

## Career statistics
### Club

| Season | Club | League | Apps | Goals |
| 2022 | Cibao | Liga Dominicana de Fútbol | 10 | 0 |
| 2023 | Cibao | Liga Dominicana de Fútbol | 12 | 1 |
| 2024 | Cibao | Liga Dominicana de Fútbol | 13 | 1 |
| Total | | | 35 | 2 |

### International statistics

| National team | Year | Apps | Goals |
| Dominican Republic U17 | 2023 | 1 | 0 |
| Dominican Republic U20 | 2024 | 1 | 0 |
| Dominican Republic | 2024 | 8 | 0 |
| Total | | 10 | 0 |

## Achievements
### Club

* Liga Dominicana de Fútbol: 2023, 2024
* Runner-up: 2024 CONCACAF Caribbean Cup

### International

* Participated in CONCACAF U20 Championship qualification: 2023
# Widdern

Widdern (German: ) is a town in the district of Heilbronn, Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is situated on the river Jagst, 24 km northeast of Heilbronn.

## Mayors

* 1995–2011: Michael Reinert
* 2011–2019: Jürgen Olma
* since 2019: Kevin Kopf
# Butterwick, Cumbria

Butterwick is a hamlet in Cumbria, England, near the village of Helton.

## Location grid

vtePlaces adjacent to Butterwick, Cumbria :
Helton
Sceugh
Butterwick, Cumbria
Low Knipe
Bampton :
* This Cumbria location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Irving–Williams series

The Irving–Williams series refers to the relative stabilities of complexes formed by transition metals. In 1953 Harry Irving and Robert Williams observed that the stability of complexes formed by divalent first-row transition metal ions generally increase across the period to a maximum stability at copper: Mn(II) < Fe(II) < Co(II) < Ni(II) < Cu(II) > Zn(II).
Specifically, the Irving–Williams series refers to the exchange of aqua (H$_2$O) ligands for any other ligand (L) within a metal complex. In other words, the Irving–Williams series is almost exclusively independent of the nature of the incoming ligand, L.
The main application of the series is to empirically suggest an order of stability within first row transition metal complexes (where the transition metal is in oxidation state II).
Another application of the Irving–Williams series is to use it as a correlation "ruler" in comparing the first stability constant for replacement of water in the aqueous ion by a ligand.

## Explanation

Three explanations are frequently used to explain the series:
* The ionic radius is expected to decrease regularly from Mn(II) to Zn(II). This is the normal periodic trend and would account for the general increase in stability.
* The crystal field stabilization energy (CFSE) increases from zero for Mn(II) to a maximum at Ni(II). This makes the complexes increasingly stable. CFSE for Zn(II) is zero.
* Although the CFSE of Cu(II) is less than that of Ni(II), octahedral Cu(II) complexes are subject to the Jahn–Teller effect, which affords octahedral Cu(II) complexes additional stability.
However, none of the above explanations can satisfactorily explain the success of the Irving–Williams series in predicting the relative stabilities of transition metal complexes. A recent study of metal-thiolate complexes indicates that an interplay between covalent and electrostatic contributions in metal–ligand binding energies might result in the Irving–Williams series.
Some actual CFSE values for octahedral complexes of first-row transition metals (∆$_{oct}$) are 0.4Δ (4 Dq) for iron, 0.8Δ (8 Dq) for cobalt and 1.2Δ (12 Dq) for nickel. When the stability constants are quantitatively adjusted for these values they follow the trend that is predicted, in the absence of crystal field effects, between manganese and zinc. This was an important factor contributing to the acceptance of crystal field theory, the first theory to successfully account for the thermodynamic, spectroscopic and magnetic properties of complexes of the transition metal ions and precursor to ligand field theory.
Natural proteins' affinities for metal binding also follow the Irving–Williams series. However, in a recent study published in the journal Nature, researchers have reported a protein-design approach to overcome the Irving-Williams series restriction, allowing proteins to bind other metals over copper ions vice versa to Irving–Williams series.
# Edward Gardner

Edward Gardner may refer to:
* Edward W. Gardner (1867–1932), American balkline and straight rail billiards champion
* Edward Joseph Gardner (1898–1950), U.S. Representative from Ohio
* Ed Gardner (1901–1963), American actor, director and writer
* Edward Gardner (minister) (1907–2006), American minister and civil rights leader with the Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights
* Edward Gardner (British politician) (1912–2001), British Conservative politician
* Ted Gardner (1946/1947–2021), Australian businessman
* Edward Gardner (conductor) (born 1974), British conductor
# KNWN-FM

KNWN-FM (97.7 MHz) is a commercial radio station licensed to Oakville, Washington, and serving the Seattle metropolitan area and the Olympic Peninsula. It is owned by Lotus Communications. KNWN-FM broadcasts an all-news radio format, simulcast with sister station KNWN 1000 AM. It is a network affiliate of ABC News Radio. The studios and offices are co-located with former sister station KOMO-TV within KOMO Plaza (formerly Fisher Plaza) in the Lower Queen Anne section of Seattle, directly across the street from the Space Needle.
KNWN-FM has an effective radiated power (ERP) of 69,000 watts. The transmitter is off West Skokomish Valley Road in Skokomish, Washington, just south of the Olympic National Forest. With its high power and tower at 701 meters (2,300 feet) in height above average terrain (HAAT), KNWN-FM covers Seattle, Tacoma and much of the Olympic Peninsula with a 60 dBμ signal. KNWN-AM-FM are also heard on FM translator or booster stations in the region.

## History

On October 26, 1984, the station first signed on in Raymond, Washington. The first call sign was KSWW. It was originally a Class A FM station, powered at only 230 watts, a fraction of its current output. It was owned by Pacific Broadcasting Company and had an adult contemporary format.
In 1997, it was bought by Jodesha Broadcasting, Inc., for $182,400. The call letters switched to KFMY, and it began airing a classic rock format as "Eagle 97.7". It later was granted a power boost and increase in its antenna height, allowing it to be heard in the more lucrative Seattle-Tacoma radio market.
In May 2009, while still owned by South Sound Broadcasting, the station began simulcasting KOMO, with Fisher Communications operating 97.7 FM under a local marketing agreement. On May 18, 2009, the call letters changed to KOMO-FM. In June 2017, the outright sale of the station to the Sinclair Broadcast Group (which had acquired Fisher several years earlier) for $6.75 million was announced. The sale received Federal Communications Commission (FCC) approval several years later, and was consummated on June 9, 2020.
On June 3, 2021, Sinclair announced they would sell KOMO-AM-FM, KVI, and KPLZ-FM to Lotus Communications for $18 million. Of the $18 million, $5 million was in cash paid at closing; the remainder was Lotus' choice of either cash or advertising for Sinclair properties on Lotus' stations. Sinclair retained KOMO-TV, as well as rights to the KOMO call letters. Lotus and Sinclair also agreed to allow Lotus to use Sinclair equipment and IT systems, including sub-leasing the current KOMO studios, for 18 months following the sale. The sale was completed on September 28, 2021. As required by the terms of the sale, the KOMO radio stations changed their call signs to KNWN on February 2, 2022, in conjunction with a rebranding as "Northwest News Radio"; during the week preceding the relaunch, competitor KIRO-FM preemptively began promoting itself as "Your Northwest News Station".

## Translators

KNWN-FM is also carried on the following booster and FM translator stations to improve reception of the station:
* KNWN-FM1 (booster) 97.7 FM Tukwila
* K259BG (KNWN) 99.7 FM Chehalis
# Śmieciuchówka

Śmieciuchówka is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Przerośl, within Suwałki County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland. It lies approximately 10 kilometres (6 mi) south-east of Przerośl, 17 km (11 mi) north-west of Suwałki, and 124 km (77 mi) north of the regional capital Białystok.
# John Blundell (actor)

John Blundell is a British actor, best known for playing 'Daddy' Pongo Banks in the controversial production Scum and its film adaptation.
Blundell played Banks in both the banned 1977 BBC version and the cinematic remake of the production two years later. His character was the 'daddy' (i.e., the self-appointed head inmate via use of force, violence and intimidation) of the institution until he was overthrown in a bloody attack by Carlin, the lead character played by Ray Winstone. He also appeared in Quadrophenia as the Leader of the Rockers (again in a film with Ray Winstone).
In 1978, he played O'Fred in Junket 89.
Afterwards, Blundell appeared in many other television shows, to name a few, Just Good Friends, Juliet Bravo, Grange Hill, Girls on Top, L for Lester, Eastenders, as well as some feature films including Whoops Apocalypse and Nil by Mouth. Blundell did spend a long period of time at the National Theatre. He had a small role, again with Winstone in the lead, in Nil by Mouth in 1997. He also starred and co-wrote the hit Children's series, You Must Be Joking (1974–1976).
He also acted in various commercials and was known as the 'Commercial King', by his Agent Anna Scher, due to the number of Commercials he appeared in for British Airways, De beers diamonds, Cadbury's chocolate.
# Tabulaephorus narynus

Tabulaephorus narynus is a moth of the family Pterophoridae. It is found in Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan. It occurs at high altitudes. Specimens have been found in July and August.
# Museo del Barro

Museo del Barro is a museum located on the outskirts of Asunción, the capital of Paraguay. It began as a private circulating collection and seven years later acquired a permanent location. It includes three separate divisions, a pottery museum, an indigenous art museum and a contemporary art collection.

## History

Olga Blinder and Carlos Colombino a circulating collection in 1972 of prints and drawings for public spaces and educational displays. As their collection grew and diversified, they needed a permanent location to house it.
The Museo del Barro was founded in 1979 as a private institution to house the large indigenous pottery collection (clay) reflected in its name. However, it also serves as the Indigenous Art Museum and the Museum of Contemporary Arts of Paraguay. The three divisions make up the bulk of the museum's collection. Originally the location was in San Lorenzo but with expansions, and natural disasters.
The clay museum houses over 300 pieces of pre-Columbian ceramics, and contains some 4,000 items of wood, fabric, and metal from the 17th century to the present day.
In the indigenous section are 1,700 pieces produced by the different ethnic groups that make up the Paraguayan population. Baskets, masks and feather work typify the collection.
The third part of the museum is dedicated to contemporary artists from throughout Latin America. There are approximately 3,000 works by Paraguayan, Argentinean, Brazilian, and Chilean artists, including drawings, paintings, prints, sculpture and mixed media. Livio Abramo is one of the featured artists as is Mayeli Villalba, Pedro Agüero, Mabel Arcondo, Olga Blinder, Luis Alberto Boh, Carlos Colombino, Ricardo Migliorisi, and others.
# Moving Targets (Penetration album)

Moving Targets is the debut studio album by English band Penetration, released in 1978 by record label Virgin.

## Reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| Select | |
| Trouser Press | favourable |
AllMusic wrote: "Penetration's debut album stands among the very last true greats of the first wave of British punk offerings." Trouser Press wrote: "Penetration's debut LP mixes expansive creations and direct punk-outs, all done with flair and originality. Unlike other LPs by young bands of this era, Moving Targets still sounds surprisingly fresh."

## Track listing

* "Future Daze" (Neale Floyd, Pauline Murray) - 2:58
* "Life's a Gamble" (Pauline Murray, Gary Chaplin) - 2:59
* "Lovers of Outrage" (Pauline Murray, Gary Chaplin) - 3:56
* "Vision" (Robert Blamire, Pauline Murray) - 3:24
* "Silent Community" (Pauline Murray, Gary Chaplin) - 3:29
* "Stone Heroes" (Neale Floyd, Pauline Murray, Robert Blamire) - 3:15
* "Movement" (Robert Blamire, Pauline Murray) - 3:22
* "Too Many Friends" (Robert Blamire, Pauline Murray, Fred Purser) - 3:13
* "Reunion" (Neale Floyd, Pauline Murray) - 3:59
* "Nostalgia" (Pete Shelley) - 3:49
* "Freemoney" (Patti Smith, Lenny Kaye) - 4:48

## Personnel
### Penetration

* Pauline Murray - vocals
* Gary Chaplin - guitar
* Fred Purser - lead guitar; keyboards on "Reunion"
* Neale Floyd - guitar
* Robert Blamire - bass
* Gary Smallman - drums, percussion

### Technical

* Mick Glossop - engineer
* Robert Mason, Russell Mills - sleeve artwork
* Paul Nugent - sleeve photography
# Cherepon language

Cherepon (Chiripon, Chiripong, Kyiripong), also known as Okere or Ɔkere, is a Guang language spoken by 111,000 in Ghana.

## Phonology
### Consonants

Consonants :
| | | Labial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Labial- velar |
| Plosive | voiceless | p | t | | k | k͡p |
| Plosive | voiced | b | d | | g | g͡b |
| Affricate | voiceless | | t͡s | t͡ʃ | | |
| Affricate | voiced | | | d͡ʒ | | |
| Fricative | Fricative | f | s | | | |
| Nasal | Nasal | m | n | ɲ | ŋ | |
| Trill | Trill | | r | | | |
| Approximant | Approximant | w | l | j | | |

### Vowels

Oral vowels :
| | Front | Central | Back |
| Close | i | | u |
| Near-close | ɪ | | ʊ |
| Close-mid | e | | o |
| Open-mid | ɛ | | ɔ |
| Near-open | | æ | |
| Open | | a | |
Nasal vowels :
| | Front | Central | Back |
| Close | ĩ | | ũ |
| Near-close | ɪ̃ | | ʊ̃ |
| Open-mid | ɛ̃ | | ɔ̃ |
| Open | | ã | |

## Orthography

/i, ɪ/ are represented by ⟨i⟩, /ʊ, o/ are represented by ⟨o⟩, and /æ̯, a/ are represented by ⟨a⟩. /n, ɲ, ŋ/ are represented by ⟨n⟩, and /t͡ʃ/ is represented by ⟨ky⟩, e.g., akyibi 'child'.
# Hastings-McKinnie House

Hastings-McKinnie House was a historic home located at Princeton, Johnston County, North Carolina. It was built about 1845, and was a 1+1⁄2-story, five bay by two bay, Federal style frame dwelling. It had a gable roof and flanking exterior end chimneys replaced in 1945, when the house was moved to its present location.
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.
The home and several acres were sold to a Johnston County residential developer in December 2016. The home and any associated outbuildings were demolished and the property is completely vacant as of August 2021.
# Burrita Burrona

Burrita Burrona is the stage name of Iván "Momo" Guzmán, is a Mexican drag performer and entertainer. Burrita Burrona appeared as a guest judge on the second season of Drag Race México.