OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Myasnikyan

40°10′39″N 43°54′23″E﻿ / ﻿40.17750°N 43.90639°E﻿ / 40.17750; 43.90639 Myasnikyan (Armenian: Մյասնիկյան) is a town in the Armavir Province of Armenia. The town is named for Aleksandr Myasnikyan, the Armenian Bolshevik revolutionary and statesman who led Soviet Armenia at the beginning of Lenin's New Economic Policy (NEP). It is the location of Araks railway station. The town's population is 4,036 people, which is mainly populated by Armenians and Kurds (including Yazidis).
# Acheilognathus coreanus

Acheilognathus coreanus is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish in the genus Acheilognathus, a bitterling. It is found in Korea and Japan.
# Monopeltis perplexus

Monopeltis perplexus is a species of amphisbaenian in the family Amphisbaenidae. The species is endemic to Angola.

## Habitat

The preferred natural habitat of M. perplexus is unknown.

## Description

Small and slender for its genus, M. perplexus may attain a snout-to-vent length (SVL) of 30 cm (12 in). The tail is relatively long, greater than 10% SVL.

## Reproduction

The mode of reproduction of M. perplexus is unknown.
# Monopeltis rhodesiana

Monopeltis rhodesiana is a species of amphisbaenian in the family Amphisbaenidae. The species is native to southern Africa.

## Geographic range

M. rhodesiana is found in southern Malawi, central Mozambique, southern Zambia, and northwestern Zimbabwe.

## Habitat

The preferred natural habitat of M. rhodesiana is mesic savanna, with alluvial soil.

## Description

M. rhodesiana is pinkish, both dorsally and ventrally. Adults usually have a snout-to-vent length (SVL) of 20–25 cm (7.9–9.8 in). The maximimum recorded SVL is 28.5 cm (11.2 in). The tail is short, with only 5–9 caudal annuli.

## Reproduction

The mode of reproduction of M. rhodesiana is unknown.
# Mpwapwa worm lizard

The Mpwapwa worm lizard (Chirindia mpwapwaensis) is an amphisbaenian species in the family Amphisbaenidae. The species is endemic to Tanzania.
# IR8

IR8 is a high-yielding semi-dwarf rice variety developed by the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) in the early 1960s. It was developed by an IRRI team consisting of Peter Jennings, Henry Beachell, Akira Tanaka, Te-Tzu Chang, Surajit Kumar De Datta, and Robert F. Chandler.

## Research

IR8 was the eighth of 38 crossbred rice varieties in a 1962 experiment by IRRI. It was a cross of Peta, a high yield rice variety from Indonesia, and Dee-geo-woo-gen (DGWG), a dwarf variety from Taiwan. The semidwarf-1 gene (sd-1 or Os01g0883800), which encodes an enzyme in the production of the hormone gibberellin, which affects plant height; this improved its yield. IR8 was well suited to the places it was first introduced. However, it “did not fit most rice-growing situations,” which involve heavy monsoons or deep flooding.

## Cultivation

In November 1966, IR8 was introduced in the Philippines and India. Promoters such as the IRRI and farmer benefactors of IR8 have called it 'miracle rice', and celebrate it for fighting famine. IR8 dramatically increased the yields of Asian rice from 1 or 2 ton per hectare to 4 or 5 tons per hectare. It played a significant part in the Green Revolution.
# Dovrat Van Ouwerkerk

Dovrat Van Ouwerkerk (née Bendel) (Hebrew: דברת ואן אווורקרק) is an Israeli football striker currently playing in the Israeli First League for F.C. Kiryat Gat. She played the European Cup with Maccabi Holon and she has been a member of the Israeli national team; she made her debut in the 2003 World Cup qualifying against Romania.

## Club career

Bendel started her career at the age of 14, joining Maccabi Tel Aviv. In 2002, after Maccabi Tel Aviv had folded, Bendel joined Maccabi Holon, where she stayed until 2007. Bendel scored the first goal for Maccabi Holon in the championship match in 2003, helping the team to beat Maccabi Haifa 2–1. On 14 September 2003, while playing for Israel against Kazakhstan, Bendel injured her right knee and was out for the remainder of the season. Bendel returned the next season, but injured her right knee again on 26 September 2004, in an Israel U-19 practice before the 2005 UEFA Women's Under-19 Championship qualifying tournament and once again missed the rest of the season, as well as the following season.
In summer 2007 Bendel transferred from Maccabi Holon to Hapoel Petah Tikva, where she played two matches before being loaned to ASA Tel Aviv University. On 25 June 2008 Bendel injured her right knee again in a match against Austria, and briefly quit football.
From the year 2008–2011 Bendel played in the Spanish league, with Real Sociedad. She finished 3 years with the most goals and was called up to the Spanish national team as well.
Bendel returned to the Israeli football in 2011 and re-joined Hapoel Petah Tikva, where she played for the next two seasons. In 2013–14 Bendel was loaned to Maccabi Kishronot Hadera and later to Maccabi Be'er Sheva, and returned to Hapoel Petah Tikva at the end of the season. In January 2015 Bendel was loaned to F.C. Kiryat Gat.

## International career

Bendel made her debut in Israel women's national football team in 2002 against Romania but was limited to 7 matches for the national team due to her injuries. Bendel also played for the U-19 national team, making three appearances and scoring two goals, all during 2003 UEFA Women's Under-19 Championship qualifying tournament.

## Honours

* Championships (4):
** With Maccabi Holon: 2002–03, 2005–06, 2006–07
** With Kiryat Gat S.C: 2016–17,
* Cup (4):
** With Maccabi Holon: 2002–03, 2005–06, 2006–07
** With Kiryat Gat S.C: 2015–16
# Nanoo Pillai

M. R. Ry. Dewan Nanoo Pillai (1827–1886) was a Travancorean statesman who served as the Diwan of Travancore from 1877 to 1880.

## Early life

Nanoo Pillai was born in a Nair family of Neyyoor village of Travancore in 1827 as the son of Mekkottu Kariyavila Veettil Nagan Thampy and Easwari Pillai. He was educated privately had his English schooling at the London Missionary Society seminary in Nagercoil. While young, he caught the attention of General Cullen, the English Resident. He volunteered to work for the General as a translator and later as a secretary in the Resident's office.

## Civil service

After serving for 14 years in the Resident's office, Nanoo Pillai joined the Travancore service as Assistant Sheristadar. With a strong recommendation from the then Diwan, Sir T. Madhava Rao, Nanoo Pillai was promoted to be Dewan Peishkar of the Southern Division. He was soon transferred to the Travancore division and officiated as the Dewan in Madhava Rao's absence on six occasions and was eventually appointed as the Diwan on the retirement of Seshayya Sastri in August 1877.

## As Diwan

As Diwan of Travancore, Nanoo Pillai brought reforms in the Revenue Settlement introducing the transfer of registries. He also brought measures for irrigating the Southern Division and formulated the Kothayar Project before retiring in 1880.
# Kenneth Hawkinson

Kenneth S. Hawkinson is an American Academic Administrator and Communication Scholar serving as the 12th President of Kutztown University of Pennsylvania. He assumed office on July 1, 2015. He has announced that he is retiring in the Summer of 2025, but his specific retirement date has yet to be determined.

## Early life and education

Hawkinson is a native of Carpentersville, Illinois. He earned a Bachelor of Arts degree in history and Master of Arts in Speech Communication from Western Illinois University. He then went on to earn his PhD in Speech Communication & Performance from Southern Illinois University Carbondale. As a Fulbright Scholar, Hawkinson taught abroad at the University of Ouagadougou in the West African nation of Burkina Faso. He also conducted research in African History and Folklore.

## Career
### Military

Hawkinson served as a member of the Illinois National Guard and United States Army. As a Field Artillery Officer and Executive Officer for a Field Artillery Battery, he was called to active duty as an Infantry Officer in Germany. He was also a volunteer with the Peace Corps. In 2016, Hawkinson was inducted into the U.S. Army ROTC National Hall of Fame.

### Education

Hawkinson was an Assistant Professor, Associate Professor, and Professor of Communication at Western Illinois University. He later worked as the Provost, Academic Vice President, Associate Provost, and Associate Vice President for budget, planning and personnel. Hawkinson was selected as the 12th President of Kutztown University of Pennsylvania in 2015, succeeding F. Javier Cevallos.
Hawkinson's presidency has included guiding the university through the COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent associated challenges – including moving nearly all university functions online in Spring 2020. Hawkinson followed by committing to return to primarily in-person operations and classes the following academic year and beyond. This decision has not been without controversy, with a number of lawsuits filed disputing the decision.
Under Hawkinson, the KU Foundation completed the “Together, We’re Golden: The Campaign for Kutztown University” in 2023, raising a school-record $46,852,180 to create scholarships, bolster emergency funds and enhance student experiences.
Kutztown University’s overall full-time equivalency students rose in 2023 for the first time since 2010. 31% of incoming freshmen in Fall of 2023 were minority students.

### Awards

| Year | Organization | Award |
| 2016 | United States Army | ROTC National Hall of Fame |
| 2016 | Reading Eagle | Educator of the Year |
| 2017 | Elgin Community College (ECC) Foundation | Distinguished Alumni Award |
| 2019 | Child Promise | Estelle R. Richmond Leadership Award |
| 2019 | Northampton Community College | Commencement Speaker |
| 2024 | Elgin Community College (ECC) Foundation | Sensational 75 Award |
| 2024 | Lehigh Valley Business | Top 100 Leaders of the Lehigh Valley |
# Nathaniel Smith

Nathaniel Smith (January 6, 1762 – March 9, 1822) was a nineteenth-century lawyer, cattle dealer, judge and politician. He served as a U.S. Representative from Connecticut and as a judge of the Supreme Court of Connecticut.

## Biography

Smith was born in Woodbury in the Connecticut Colony, the son of Richard Smith and Annis (Hurd) Smith. He attended the common schools and engaged in agricultural pursuits. He was also a cattle dealer. Smith attended the Litchfield Law School. He studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1787. Smith began the practice of law in Woodbury.
In 1789 Smith became a member of the Connecticut House of Representatives, unsuccessfully ran for Congress in 1793, and served in the State House until 1795. He was elected as a Federalist candidate to the Fourth and Fifth Congresses, serving from March 4, 1795, to March 3, 1799. He declined to be a candidate for renomination in 1798.
Smith served as a member of the Connecticut council of assistants from 1799 to 1804. He served in the Connecticut Senate from 1800 to 1805. Smith was State's Attorney for Litchfield County in 1805.
In 1806 he became judge of the Supreme Court of Connecticut. He kept this position for thirteen years. He was also a delegate to the Hartford Convention from 1814 to 1815. Smith died in Woodbury on March 9, 1822. He is interred in the Episcopal Church Cemetery.

## Personal life

Smith married Ruth Benedict Smith. They had two children, Harriet J. Smith and Nathaniel Benedict Smith.
Smith was the brother of Nathan Smith, United States Senator from Connecticut, and the uncle of Truman Smith, United States Senator from Connecticut.
# National Agricultural Fieldays

The National Agricultural Fieldays is an annual national agricultural show and field day event held in mid-June at the Mystery Creek Events Centre near Hamilton, New Zealand. It styles itself as "the biggest agricultural trade show in the southern hemisphere".
Fieldays attracts 1,000 exhibitors and over 115,000 visitors through its gates. Smaller shows, held annually in New Zealand's towns and communities, are generally called agricultural and pastoral shows (A&P shows). The event has visitor attractions such as sheepdog trials and tractor pulling contests.
Between 1985 and 1998 the Fieldays Society operated a short-term radio station for Fieldays visitors. Ag Week Radio, later known as Fieldays Radio, operated from the Mystery Creek site. It broadcast on 1XR 855 AM in 1985 and 1988, 1296 AM in 1993, 792 AM in 1994, 94.6 FM in 1997 and 97.0 FM in 1998.
Fieldays was suspended in 2020.
# Antennaria aromatica

Antennaria aromatica, the scented pussytoes, is a North American species of plants in the family Asteraceae. It is native to the Rocky Mountains of Alberta, Montana, Idaho, and Wyoming. The crushed foliage has a strong scent resembling that of citronella.
# Hexalectris grandiflora

Hexalectris grandiflora, the largeflower crested coralroot or giant coral-root, is a species of orchid native to Mexico from Chihuahua south to Oaxaca, as well as to western and north-central Texas. It is a myco-heterotrophic species, lacking chlorophyll and subsisting entirely on nutrients obtained by fungi in the soil.
# National Independence Party of Afghanistan

National Independence Party of Afghanistan (Hezb-e Isteqlal-e Milli-ye Afghanistan, Persian: حزب استقلال ملی افغانستان) is a political party in Afghanistan, led by Taj Muhammad Wardak. In 2004, after being defeated in the presidential election in Afghanistan, they were part of the 12-member anti-Karzai coalition named the Jabha-ye Tafahom-e Melli-ye Afghanistan, or ‘National Understanding Front of Afghanistan‘, led by Yunus Qanuni.
# Shivpal Singh Yadav

Shivpal Singh Yadav (born 16 February 1955) is a politician and educationist from Uttar Pradesh, India. He was born in Saifai village, Etawah district, and is a younger brother of Samajwadi Party leader late Mulayam Singh Yadav and uncle of the former Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh, Akhilesh Yadav. He is a Member of the Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly, representing the Jaswantnagar seat in Etawah district, from 1996 till now. He is also the National General Secretary of Samajwadi Party and was appointed on 29 January 2023.
In 2018 he founded his own party named Pragatisheel Samajwadi Party (Lohiya), which was merged into Samajwadi Party in 2022.

## Early life and education

Shivpal Singh Yadav was born on 16 February 1955 in Saifai village, Etawah district to Sughar Singh Yadav and Murti Devi. He has studied in Kanpur University's K.K. P.G. College, Etawah and University of Lucknow's Lucknow Christian College and earned BA (1976) and BPEd (1977) degrees respectively.

### Family

Shivpal is the youngest among 5 brothers. Ratan Singh Yadav, Mulayam Singh Yadav, Abhay Ram Yadav and Rajpal Singh Yadav are his elder brothers. He has 1 sister Kamla Devi Yadav.
Rajya Sabha MP Ram Gopal Yadav and his sister Geeta Yadav are his cousins.

## Career

Shivpal Singh Yadav is the MLA from the Jaswantnagar constituency since 1996.
Yadav was the leader of Opposition in Uttar Pradesh Assembly since 2007 during the Mayawati regime.

## Positions held

Shivpal Singh Yadav has served 6 times as MLA. He had lost the 17th Lok Sabha election from Firozabad in 2019.
| # | From | To | Position | Party |
| 1. | 1996 | 2002 | MLA (1st term) from Jaswantnagar | SP |
| 2. | 2002 | 2007 | MLA (2nd term) from Jaswantnagar | SP |
| 3. | 2007 | 2012 | MLA (3rd term) from Jaswantnagar | SP |
| 4. | 2012 | 2017 | MLA (4th term) from Jaswantnagar | SP |
| 5. | 2017 | 2022 | MLA (5th term) from Jaswantnagar | SP |
| 6. | 2022 | Present | MLA (6th term) from Jaswantnagar | SP |

## Personal life

Shivpal Singh Yadav is married to Mrs. Sarla Yadav since 1981 and they have a son Aditya Yadav and daughter Dr. Anubha Yadav. Anubha Yadav is married to Ajay Yadav who is an IAS officer of 2010 batch and Tamil Nadu cadre.
# Beethoven Orchester Bonn

The Beethoven Orchester Bonn is a German symphony orchestra based in Bonn, North Rhine-Westphalia. It dates back to 1907, when a professional orchestra was established. Named for Ludwig van Beethoven, who was born in Bonn, the orchestra's principal concert venue is the Beethovenhalle.

## History

The orchestra dates back to 1907 when the town of Bonn signed a contract with the Philharmonische Orchester Koblenz from Koblenz and its Kapellmeister, to serve Bonn. It was the first professional orchestra in Bonn since the court chapel had been dissolved in 1794. It was first named Städtisches Orchester Bonn (Municipal orchestra Bonn), from 1963 Orchester der Beethovenhalle Bonn (Orchestra of the Beethovenhalle Bonn), and from 2003 Beethoven Orchester Bonn.
In 1907, Richard Strauss conducted his works in Bonn with the orchestra. The Mittelrheinisches Musikfest of 1914 attracted Max Reger, Fritz Busch and Max Bruch. The orchestra suffered in World War I, when its main venue, the old Beethovenhalle, served as a lazaretto, and many players were recruited. The orchestra was dissolved in April 1916, and only reestablished in 1920. During World War II, the hall was damaged by bombing. The new Beethovenhalle was inaugurated in 1959.
The centenary of the orchestra was celebrated on 21 September 2007 as part of the Beethovenfest, performing the premiere of the symphony "Abendland" by Karsten Gundermann, Beethoven's First Symphony and Edward Elgar's Violin Concerto with Gidon Kremer as the soloist. An exhibition in the opera house was dedicated to the history.
As of 2017, the orchestra has around 100 players, performing each year some 115 performances at the Bonn Opera including all premieres, 40 concerts in Bonn, mostly in the Beethovenhalle, and guest concerts in Germany and abroad. Stefan Blunier was GMD from 2008 to 2016. Christof Perick served as interim GMD of the orchestra for the 2016–2017 season. In February 2016, Dirk Kaftan was named as the next GMD of the orchestra, effective August 2017, with an initial contract of five years. In September 2020, the city of Bonn announced the extension of Kaftan's contract as GMD through 2027.

## Generalmusikdirektor (GMD)

* Hugo Grütgers (1907–1922)
* Max Anton (1922–1930)
* Hermann Abendroth (interim 1931–1932)
* Gustav Classens (1933–1949)
* Otto Volkmann (1949–1957)
* Volker Wangenheim (1957–1978)
* Jan Krenz (1979–1982)
* Gustav Kuhn (1983–1985)
* Dennis Russell Davies (1987–1995)
* Marc Soustrot (1995–2003)
* Roman Kofman (2003–2008)
* Stefan Blunier [de] (2008–2016)
* Christof Perick (2016–2017)
* Dirk Kaftan (2017–present)

## Literature

* Terschüren, Heinz-Dieter (2007). 100 Jahre Beethoven-Orchester Bonn (in German). ISBN 3-922832-41-5.
# KNTS (AM)

KNTS (1680 kHz) is a commercial AM radio station licensed to Seattle, Washington. Along with sister station KKDZ 1250 AM, it simulcasts a format of South Asian music and talk from the Radio Punjab network. It is owned by the Baaz Broadcasting Corporation, with offices on 104th Avenue SE in Kent.
KNTS is an expanded band Class B AM station. By day, it is powered at 10,000 watts non-directional. But at night, to protect other stations on 1680 AM from interference, it reduces power to 1,000 watts. The transmitter is on North Madison Avenue NE on Bainbridge Island.

## History

KNTS originated as the expanded band "twin" of an existing station on the standard AM band. On March 17, 1997, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) announced that 88 stations had been given permission to move to newly available "Expanded Band" transmitting frequencies, ranging from 1610 to 1700 kHz, with KLFE in Seattle authorized to move from 1590 to 1680 kHz.
A construction permit for the expanded band station was assigned the call sign KAZJ on January 9, 1998. The FCC's initial policy was that both the original station and its expanded band counterpart could operate simultaneously for up to five years, after which owners would have to turn in one of the two licenses, depending on whether they preferred the new assignment or elected to remain on the original frequency. However, this deadline has been extended multiple times, and both stations have remained authorized.
The station’s call letters were changed to KTFH on July 22, 2001, to KDOW on June 16, 2006, and to KNTS on July 1, 2008.
On February 11, 2021, KNTS flipped to Regional Mexican music as "La Patrona 1680".
On August 5, 2022, Salem Media, the owner, announced it would sell the station to Baaz Broadcasting. The FCC has generally required paired original and expanded band stations to remain under common ownership. However, Salem Media proposed selling KNTS's standard band companion, KLFE on AM 1590, to a different company, Relevant Radio and a waiver request was filed with the FCC to allow an exception to the common ownership requirement. This listed as one justification that a waiver would support FCC efforts to increase minority radio stations holdings, as Baaz "was 100% controlled by individuals of South Asian descent". In addition, the $225,000 sales price was said to be less than half of KNTS's fair market value, as established by independent appraisal.
On March 1, 2023, KNTS dropped the Regional Mexican format and began simulcasting sister station 1300 KKOL, which airs the Salem Radio Network's conservative talk programming. That only lasted a few months. When the sale was completed, AM 1680 joined the Radio Punjab network of radio stations broadcasting South Asian music and talk.
# Deogratias Niyizonkiza

Deogratias "Deo" Niyizonkiza is a Burundian-born American who founded and leads the organization Village Health Works in Kigutu, Burundi. He is also the subject of Tracy Kidder's 2009 book, Strength in What Remains. Niyizonkiza escaped the Burundi's Civil War in the 1990s, arrived in New York city, became homeless and was eventually taken in by an American couple who helped support his education at Columbia University. He began working for Partners in Health and has worked in Burundi and Rwanda. He started a health clinic in his parents' community in Burundi which he continues to lead.
Niyizonkiza has been the recipient of several awards, including the 2016 Carnegie Corporation of New York Great Immigrants.
# Birmingham Mineral Subdivision

The Birmingham Mineral Subdivision is a railroad line owned by CSX Transportation in the U.S. State of Alabama. There are 3 sections to the Birmingham Mineral Subdivision.

## Magella to Brookwood

This line runs from Birmingham, Alabama, to Brookwood, Alabama, for a total of 34.7 miles. At its north end it branches off from the Boyles Terminal Subdivision and at its south end the track comes to an end.

## Huntsville #1

This line runs from Bessemer, Alabama to Birmingham, Alabama for a total of 15.7 miles. At its south end it branches off from the Boyles Terminal Subdivision and at its north end it connects to the Magella to Brookwood section of the Birmingham Mineral Subdivision.

## Bradshaw Branch

This line runs from Bessemer, Alabama to Birmingham, Alabama for a total of 4.8 miles. At its south end it branches off from the Magella to Brookwood section of the Birmingham Mineral Subdivision and at its north end the track comes to an end.
# Jagielnica

Jagielnica (Polish:) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Przeworno, Poland. It is located within Strzelin County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in the south-west of the country.

## History

The village was founded by residents of another Jagielnica (Ukrainian: Ягільниця), now in western Ukraine, fleeing the onset of World War II. The territory belonged to Poland prior to 1939, and prior to 1945 it was in Germany.

## Geography

It lies approximately 16 km (10 mi) east of Przeworno, 20 km (12 mi) south-east of Strzelin, and 56 km (35 mi) south of the regional capital Wrocław.