OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Dunleer (Parliament of Ireland constituency)

Dunleer was a constituency represented in the Irish House of Commons to 1801.

## History

In the Patriot Parliament of 1689 summoned by James II, Dunleer was not represented.

## Members of Parliament, 1679–1801
### 1689–1801

| Election | First member | First party | | Second member | Second party |
| 1689 | Dunleer was not represented in the Patriot Parliament | Dunleer was not represented in the Patriot Parliament | Dunleer was not represented in the Patriot Parliament | Dunleer was not represented in the Patriot Parliament | Dunleer was not represented in the Patriot Parliament |
| 1692 | Robert Aylway | | | Blayney Townley | |
| 1703 | Stephen Ludlow | | | Blayney Townley | |
| 1713 | Peter Ludlow | | | Blayney Townley | |
| 1715 | Stephen Ludlow | | | Richard Tenison | |
| 1721 | William Aston | | | Richard Tenison | |
| 1725 | William Aston | | | Edward Moore | |
| 1727 | Francis North | | | William Tenison | |
| 1728 | Francis North | | | Thomas Tennison | |
| 1738 | Anthony Foster | | | Thomas Tennison | |
| 1761 | John Foster | | | Thomas Tennison | |
| 1762 | John Foster | | | Dixie Coddington | |
| 1769 | Robert Sibthorpe | | | Dixie Coddington | |
| 1776 | John Thomas Foster | | | William Thomas Monsell | |
| 1783 | John William Foster | | | Henry Coddington | |
| 1790 | Nicholas Coddington | | | Hon. John Foster | |
| 1793 | Nicholas Coddington | | | Hon. Thomas Henry Skeffington | |
| 1798 | Henry Coddington | | | Hon. Thomas Henry Skeffington | |
| 1800 | Quintin Dick | | | Hon. Thomas Henry Skeffington | |
| 1801 | Disenfranchised | Disenfranchised | Disenfranchised | Disenfranchised | Disenfranchised |
# Failed States (book)

Failed States: The Abuse of Power and the Assault on Democracy is a book by Noam Chomsky, first published in 2006, in which Chomsky argues that the United States is becoming a "failed state", and thus a danger to its own people and the world. It was republished by Haymarket Books in January 2024.

## Context

The first chapter, titled "Stark, Dreadful, Inescapable" to allude to the famous Russell–Einstein Manifesto, argues that the US foreign and military policies following the Cold War greatly aggravated the danger of nuclear war. Chomsky then recounts various facts about the Iraq War and argues the United States specifically sought regime change, rather than the stated destruction of Iraq's WMD program.
# Xoybûn

Xoybûn or Khoyboun (Kurdish: ,Xoybûn خۆیبوون) was a Kurdish nationalist political party, that is known for leading the Ararat rebellion, commanded by Ihsan Nuri. Many Armenians joined the movement as well, the party was active in all parts of Kurdistan until it was dissolved in 1946.

## Establishment

On the 5 October 1927, in Bhamdoun, Greater Lebanon, during a congress of several Kurdish notables, Xoybûn was founded by members of the Society for the Elevation of Kurdistan, Azadî (Kürdistan Teali Cemiyeti), Kürt Teşkilat-ı İçtimaiye Cemiyeti and Kürt Millet Fırkası. Prominent members of the congress were Kamuran Bedir Khan, Celadet Bedir Khan, Memduh Selim, Mehdi Saïd (the brother of Sheikh Said) and Haco Agha amongst others. In the same month the Xoybûn achieved a treaty with the Armenian Revolution Federation (ARF/Dashnaktsutyun). The treaty was negotiated in Beirut on the 29 October by Vahan Papazian for the ARF and by Celadet Bedir Khan, Mehmet Şükru Sekban, Ali Riza (the son of Sheik Said and others on the side of the Xoybun. The Xoybûn had two separate sections, an armed section and a political one. The armed wing was led by Ihsan Nuri, an Ottoman soldier. The political wing was based in Damascus, represented in several western countries and mostly by members of the Bedirxan family. The Xoybûn presented itself as a progressive but pragmatic organization, which had an independence as a goal wanted to learn from former decisions which led to the failure of the Sheikh Said rebellion.
Celadet Alî Bedirxan who was elected as its president as well as Süleymniyeli Kerim Rüstem Bey, Memduh Selim, Mehmet Şükrü Sekban, Haco Agha, Ramanlı Emin, Ali Rıza, Bozan bey Shahin and Mustafa bey Şahin were elected as members of the first central committee of Xoybûn. The Xoybûn can be viewed as a counterweight to the SAK led by Seyyit Abdul Kadir, who favored autonomy for the Kurds instead of independence. Turkey severely opposed the activities for Kurdish independence which amounted to the closure of Xoybuns activities in Aleppo in 1928.

## Ararat rebellion

Under the leadership of Celadet Alî Bedirxan, Kamuran Alî Bedirxan, Ekrem Cemilpaşa, Memdûh Selîm and others, Xoybûn decided to promote Ihsan Nuri, a former officer in the Ottoman and Turkish armies, to general (pasha) and sent him to Erzurum with 20 comrades. They published a newspaper named Agirî. The Republic of Ararat declared its independence on 8 October 1927.
The central committee of Xoybûn appointed Ibrahim Heski, who was one of the chieftains of Jalali tribe, to the governorship of Agirî Province and Ihsan Nuri Pasha to the post of general commander of the Kurdish Armed Forces. Xoybûn also made appeals to the Great Powers and the League of Nations, but under pressure from Turkey the British Empire and France restricted the activities of those involved in the Xoybûn. Turkey accused Kurdish and Armenian rebels several times to have invaded Turkey with the aim to assassinate Mustafa Kemal. The Ararat rebellion was subsequently put down by Turkish forces in 1931.
# 93rd Street (Manhattan)

93rd Street is a one-way street in the New York City borough of Manhattan. Like most Uptown Manhattan east–west streets crossing Central Park, it is split in two segments. Its west segment traverses the Upper West Side and runs from Riverside Drive to Central Park West, while its east segment traverses the Upper East Side and runs from 5th Avenue to East End Avenue.
The portion of the street between Madison and Fifth Avenue is part of the Carnegie Hill Historic District.
A notable monument to Joan of Arc by Anna Hyatt Huntington stands at the street's western terminus at Riverside Park.

## History

The block of 93rd on the Upper East Side was nearly empty until 1888, when some row houses on 57 and 61 East 93rd were built. Some small apartment buildings were then built in 1891 from 62 to 72 East 93rd Street. The Alamo, located at 55 East 93rd Street, was built in 1900.

## Notable buildings

* Columbia Grammar & Preparatory School
* 161 West 93rd Street, built by the Nippon Club
* The Spence School occupies the former William Goadby and Florence Baker Loew House.
* Congregation Shaare Zedek, in a former Neoclassical building from 1922, demolished in 2019 and since redeveloped as a Modernist building.
* The Joan of Arc Junior High School in an Art Deco building between Amsterdam and Columbus avenues.
* The Gothic Revival Lutheran Church of the Advent, 1900, on the northeast corner of Broadway.
* 75 E 93rd St - Synod of the Russian Orthodox Church Outside Russia - formerly the Francis Palmer House / George F Baker Mansion -- the former mansion of General Winfield Scott was located here as well
* 60 East 93rd Street- Formerly the Virginia Graham Fair Vanderbilt house. The mansion now serves as a gallery for Carlton Hobbs LLC, an antique dealer specializing in fine European furniture and works of art.
The 93rd Street Beautification Association works to preserve and enhance the street where it runs through Carnegie Hill.

## Notable residents

* The Marx Brothers lived here at 179 East 93rd Street.
* Larry Ray (born 1959), criminal convicted of sex trafficking, extortion, forced labor, and other offenses, sentenced to 60 years in prison
* Jackie Robinson lived at 33 West 93rd Street for a year and a half in the 1960s.
# Stellostomites

Stellostomites is a discoidal animal known from the Cambrian Chengjiang biota. It is classified with the eldoniids, and considered a junior synonym of Eldonia by some authors.
# Andrej Magdevski

Andrej Magdevski (Macedonian: Андреј Магдевски; born January 14, 1996) is a Macedonian professional basketball player who plays for MZT Skopje of the Macedonian League Adriatic League. He plays as point guard.

## Career

After playing in the youth teams of Partizan and Real Madrid, in Summer 2014 Magdevski signed for Unicaja Málaga, who loaned him to Clínicas Rincón Axarquía of the LEB Oro.
On September 29, 2015, he returned to Partizan.
On September 23, 2016, he signed with the Macedonian club Feni Industries. On August 20, 2017, he re-signed with Feni Industries. On January 10, 2018, he signed with Gostivar.
On August 4, 2018, he signed with MZT Skopje.
Magdevski joined Donar of the Dutch BNXT League in November 2022, where he replaced Charles Callison as the team's foreign point guard. He made his debut on 11 December in a 72–69 home win over Landstede Hammers, and scored ten points for Donar.

## Macedonia national team

Magdevski made his debut for the Macedonia national team at the FIBA EuroBasket 2015 qualification, where he played six games averaging 3.8 points and 16.5 minutes.
# Galway Town (Parliament of Ireland constituency)

Galway was a constituency representing the town of Galway in the Irish House of Commons until its abolition on 1 January 1801.

## History

In the Patriot Parliament of 1689 summoned by James II, Galway Borough was represented with two members.

## Members of Parliament, 1264–1801

* 1560 Jonoke Lynch and Peter Lynch
* 1585 Jonoke Lynch and Peter Lynch and Robert French
* 1613–1615 Geoffrey Lynch and Sir Valentine Blake, 1st Baronet
* 1634–1635 Sir Thomas Blake (expelled) and Nicholas Lynch
* 1639–1642 Sir Robuck Lynch, 2nd Baronet and Sir Valentine Blake, 3rd Baronet
* 1661–1666 Edward Eyre and John Eyre

### 1689–1801

| Election | First member | First party | | Second member | Second party |
| 1689 Patriot Parliament | Oliver Martin | | | John Kirwan | |
| 1692 | Sir Henry Bellasis | | | Nehemiah Donnellan | |
| 1695 | Richard St George | | | Robert Ormsby | |
| 1703 | Edward Eyre | | | John Staunton | |
| 1713 | Samuel Eyre | | | John Staunton | |
| 1715 | Robert Shaw | | | John Staunton | |
| 1716 | Robert Shaw | | | Edward Eyre | |
| 1727 | John Staunton | | | Thomas Staunton | |
| 1732 | John Staunton | | | Thomas Staunton | |
| 1735 | Dominick Bourke | | | Thomas Staunton | |
| 1748 | Hon. Richard FitzPatrick | | | Thomas Staunton | |
| 1748 | John Eyre | | | Thomas Staunton | |
| 1761 | John Eyre | | | Hon. Richard FitzPatrick | |
| 1767 | John Eyre | | | Denis Daly | |
| 1768 | James Daly | | | Robert French | |
| 1771 | Anthony Daly | | | Robert French | |
| 1776 | Anthony Daly | | | Denis Bowes Daly | |
| 1783 | Denis Daly | | | Denis Bowes Daly | |
| 1783 | Anthony Daly | | | Denis Bowes Daly | |
| 1790 | Denis Daly | | | Sir Skeffington Smyth, 1st Bt | |
| 1792 | Peter Daly | | | Sir Skeffington Smyth, 1st Bt | |
| 1798 | St George Daly | | | George Ponsonby | |
| 1801 | Succeeded by the Westminster constituency Galway Borough | Succeeded by the Westminster constituency Galway Borough | Succeeded by the Westminster constituency Galway Borough | Succeeded by the Westminster constituency Galway Borough | Succeeded by the Westminster constituency Galway Borough |
# Jegłowa

Jegłowa is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Przeworno, within Strzelin County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. It lies approximately 12 km (7 mi) north-east of Przeworno, 9 km (6 mi) south-east of Strzelin, and 45 km (28 mi) south of the regional capital Wrocław.
# Scott Harding (footballer)

Scott Harding (born 19 June 1986) is a former Australian rules footballer who played for the Brisbane Lions and Port Adelaide Football Club in the Australian Football League (AFL).

## Early life

Harding was born on Thursday Island in Far North Queensland to mother Tulaga Paitela from the Polynesian nation of Tuvalu and father Russell (a Queensland Australian Football League player and coach). Scott was educated at the Anglican Church Grammar School.

## AFL career

Scott Harding was drafted as a rookie by the Brisbane Lions in the 2005 AFL Draft from local Brisbane club Morningside. He played well in the 2006 NAB Cup leading to debut selection in Round 1, 2006 against Geelong. He initially wore number 45 but in 2007 switched to number 5, previously worn by dual-premiership player, Brad Scott.
At the end of the 2009 season, he was delisted by the Brisbane Lions, but was later drafted by Port Adelaide in the 2009 preseason draft. He was delisted by the Power at the end of 2010.

## American football

On 27 May 2011, it was announced that Harding had been awarded a scholarship to play for the University of Hawaii Warriors following a successful trial there. Unlike most Australians who have transitioned to play American football as punters, Harding played as a punt returner and wide receiver. Following the departure of head coach of Greg McMackin and the arrival of Norm Chow, Harding spent additional time as the starting punter and also spent time as a holder.

## Personal life

His sister, Emma Hunt, is married to rugby league footballer (and former Australian rules footballer) Karmichael Hunt.
# Juan de la Cruz y Bernardotte

Giovanni della Croce Bernardotte, Spanishized with the name of Juan de la Cruz y Bernardotte (Genoa, 1693 - San Agustín de Talca, 27 January 1768), was a Genoese ship captain and explorer. It is the trunk of one of the most important colonial families of San Agustín de Talca due to many local advances.

## Origin

He was a sailor in his early years. Juan de la Cruz joined the troops of King Felipe V. In Naples he was present at the coronation of Carlos III. He left for the Indies in the ship of San Esteban and attended the assault in Colonia del Sacramento, where the Portuguese took him prisoner. Having escaped, he returned to Spain, where he joined Admiral José Pizarro's squad who came to America to fight Admiral Anson's squad.

## Arrival to the kingdom of Chile

Upon arriving in Concepción, he stayed in those lands where he was part of the retinue of the Count of Superunda, with whom he promised to found cities in the center of the Kingdom. He gathered people from the squad of Admiral Pizarro with whom they had some architectural knowledge to lead the Creoles in their constructions. Juan de la Cruz with the governor of the Kingdom passed to the foundation of the city of Talca. There he received one of the best lots and helped the Creoles build their houses.
In his manor house, whose construction he himself directed, consisted of 71 front bars per 100 sides. It had ten pieces and the house was made of tiles: "A flat iron window in the street, with its two doors made of boards of a high and medium wide bar, with its iron knockers." It had corridors of «carved pillars, main street door, which is two-leaf, with 150 bronze nails with its trascason and its shutter, and its key and tread plate, and its bronze accessories, three bars and five seams high and three wide, with a lobby, with its thresholds up and down with its cypress wood hinges ».

## Family

He married Silveria Álvarez de Bahamonde y Herrera, a descendant of the first conquerors and first settlers of the Maule party, with whom he had 15 children: Faustino, Jacinto, Juan Esteban, Vicente, Juan Manuel, Ignacio, María de los Ángeles, Anselmo, Juan, María Mercedes, Bartolina, Micaela, María Rita, Manuela and Nicolás.
The noble neighbors considered Juan de la Cruz y Bernardotte as a good gentleman, despite being a foreigner. He made and put his entire person at the service of the neighborhood. He was benefactor of the Jesuits.
However, he was affected with the expulsion order of all foreigners residing in Chile. In 1763, the corregidor published an order, which ordered foreigners to leave the country in a short time. De la Cruz filed an application asking to be left because of his age, because he was then seventy years old, for his services and for being one of the first settlers. The corregidor consulted with the governor and ordered that De la Cruz remain in Talca.
It was the trunk of the main families that formed San Agustín de Talca. He gave all his children a good education of the Jesuits, at whose request he had made valuable donations. Among the teachers of his children was the famous abbot Juan Ignacio Molina, who was his great friend.
# Panachranta (icon)

Panachranta (from Greek πανάχραντος 'all-immaculate') is a type of icon in the Eastern Orthodox Church, that refers to the all immaculate Virgin Mary, the Theotokos.

## Description

Panachranta type icons depict the royally enthroned Mother of God holding her Son on her lap.

## Examples

The Icon of the Enthroned Virgin and Child with saints and angels dates from the 6th century and is found at Saint Catherine's Monastery at the foot of Mount Sinai.
The 11th century Theotokos Panachranta is from Svensky Monastery. With the Theotokos are SS Anthony and Theodosius of Kiev. It is popularly attributed to the most celebrated icon-painter of Kievan Rus, St. Alypius from the Kiev Pechersk Monastery and is possibly modeled on a mosaic from the central conch of the Assumption Cathedral in the Pechersk Monastery.
The Mother of God Enthroned belongs to the Panachranta type. Shortly before Napoleon's invasion in 1812, it was moved for safekeeping from the Ascension Convent in Moscow to the Church of the Ascension in the village of Kolomskoye, where it remained until rediscovered in 1917.
* Enthroned Virgin and Child
* Theotokos Panachranta, Svensky Monastery
* the "Enthroned" icon
# Rahul Subrahmanian

Rahul Subrahmanian (born 26 November 1989) is an Indian music composer and playback singer, recognized for his work in Malayalam cinema. His debut as a playback singer was in the 2011 film Thattathin Marayathu, directed by Vineeth Sreenivasan.

## Early life

He attended Mahatma Gandhi Public School and Georgian Academy for his schooling and pursued higher education at BPC College, Piravom. Before starting his music career, he worked as an HR assistant at Schneider Electric in Bangalore

## Personal life

He was born in Chottanikkara, Cochin, Kerala, to Subrahmaniam Unni and Jayasree and has a sister, Ramya Nambeesan, who is a well-known actress. His father, a former theater artist, was an active member of renowned troupes such as 'Jubilee' and 'Harishree. His father ran 'Srihari Musical Academy' from their home, and he practiced music from Class 1.
Rahul Subrahmanian is married to Debbie Susan Chembakassery on June 12, 2024.

## Discography

| Year | Films | Language | Songs | Background Score | Notes |
| 2011 | Thattathin Marayathu | Malayalam | No | No | As playback singer |
| 2013 | Philips and the Monkey Pen | Malayalam | Yes | Yes | Awarded BIG FM Debut Music Director Award |
| 2015 | Jo and the Boy | Malayalam | Yes | Yes | |
| 2016 | Akashvani | Malayalam | No | Yes | |
| 2019 | Prakashante Metro | Malayalam | Yes | Yes | |
| 2019 | Sullu | Malayalam | No | Yes | |
| 2019 | Safe | Malayalam | Yes | Yes | |
| 2021 | Home | Malayalam | Yes | Yes | |
| 2022 | Meppadiyan | Malayalam | Yes | Yes | |
| 2024 | Kunddala Puranam | Malayalam | No | Yes | |
| 2024 | Kathanaar | Malayalam | Yes | Yes | Upcoming Release |
| 2024 | Namukku Kodathiyil Kaanam | Malayalam | Yes | Yes | Upcoming Release |
| 2024 | Volunteer | Telugu | Yes | Yes | Upcoming Release |
| 2024 | Gaaligudda | Kannada | Yes | Yes | Upcoming Release |

## Recent projects

Recent projects are the peppy track 'Fly with Me,' which he co-created with musicians Arjun Sasi, Ramya Nambeesan, and Akhil J. Chand. It was produced as a response to the challenging times of the pandemic.

## Awards and recognition

* 2013: Best FM Debut Music Director Award for Philips and the Monkey Pen
# Darul Makmur Stadium

Darul Makmur Stadium (Malay: Stadium Darul Makmur) is a multi-purpose stadium located in Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia. It is mostly use for football matches, with a capacity of 40,000 people. The stadium has a running track, in addition to the football field. It was opened in 1970, while capacity was increased after renovations in 1995 in conjunction with Kuantan hosting the Sukma Games in 1996 and 2012.

## International football matches

| Date | Competition | Team 1 | Res. | Team 2 |
| 18 February 2004 | 2006 FIFA World Cup qualification – AFC second round | Malaysia | 1–3 | Hong Kong |
| 31 March 2004 | 2006 FIFA World Cup qualification – AFC second round | Malaysia | 0–2 | Kuwait |
# Somabhai Gandalal Koli Patel

Somabhai Gandalal Koli Patel (born 10 August 1940) is an Indian politician and a member of the 15th Lok Sabha of India. He represents the Surendranagar constituency of Gujarat and is a member of the Bharatiya Janata Party. Patel was arrested during the Emergency in 1977–78.
Somabhai Patel got the MLA ticket for the first time from the Bharatiya Janata Party in 1985. Patel had turned the Koli caste, which was considered the backbone of the Congress, towards the Bharatiya Janata Party, as well as other Other Backward Class castes towards the Bharatiya Janata Party.

## Positions held

List of some positions
* 1980–89 President, BJP, Taluka Viramgam, Gujarat
* 1984–89 Vice Chairman, Municipality, Viramgam, Gujarat Member, Gujarat
* 1989 Elected to 9th Lok Sabha
* 1990 Member, Advisory Committee of the Ministry of Surface Transport
* 1991 Re-elected to 10th Lok Sabha (2nd term)
* Elected to 14th Lok Sabha in 2004 (3rd term), Member of Committee on Foreign Affairs, Members of Committee on Absence of Members from the House Meeting
* Member, Committee on Absence of Members from the House Meeting since August 7, 2006

### Other

* 1997–99 President of State Transport, Gujarat
* 1985–90 Member, Joint Secretary of International Koli Samaj and Lions Club, Viramgam, Gujarat as well as Vice President of Gujarat State Koli Samaj
# Lee Chia-fen

Lee Chia-fen (Chinese: 李佳芬; pinyin: Lǐ Jiāfēn; Wade–Giles: Li$^3$ Chia$^1$-fen$^1$; born 10 August 1963) is a Taiwanese school administrator and former politician. She is the wife of Han Kuo-yu.

## Early life and education

Lee was born to a family of politicians in Xiluo, Yunlin County. She graduated with her Bachelor of Science (B.S.) in radio, television and film from Shih Hsin University. She then earned a Master of Science (M.S.) in education from the National Chiayi University. Lee currently serves as vice chair in Victoria Academy. Lee has worked as a journalist, host at radio station, and served on the Yunlin County Council for three terms.

## Family

Lee's father, Lee Jih-kuei, used to be in the gravel business. He later served in the Yunlin County Council for three terms. However, due to his deteriorating health (asthma), Lee Chia-fen succeeded her father in office. Lee's family has a close relationship with Chang Jung-wei's family. Lee's younger brother Lee Ming-che has also served on the Yunlin County Council. Lee and her husband have two daughters (Han Bing Han Chin) and a son (Han Tien).
# Chief of Staff to the Vice President of the Philippines

The Chief of Staff to the Vice President of the Philippines also known as the Office of the Vice President Chief of Staff and Chief of Staff Undersecretary is a chief of staff administrative position within the Office of the Vice President of the Philippines.
Responsible for assisting the Vice President and the office itself in its operations, programs, and initiatives.

## Known staffs

| Chief | In Office | Vice President |
| Benjamin E. Martinez, Jr. | June 30, 2010–June 30, 2016 | Jejomar Binay |
| Philip Dy | June 30, 2016–June 30, 2022 | Leni Robredo |
| Zuleika T. Lopez | June 30, 2022–present | Sara Duterte |

## Controversies

In 2024, Zuleika Lopez the Chief of Staff of Vice President Sara Duterte faced public scrutiny and was subpoenaed by the House of Representatives. The inquiry was focused on the use of confidential and intelligence funds allocated to the OVP, which were questioned for their transparency and accountability. Lopez's role in overseeing these funds and her testimony before the legislative body brought attention to the financial operations of the OVP.