OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ġ

Ġ (minuscule: ġ) is a letter of the Latin script, formed from G with the addition of a dot above the letter.

## Usage
### Arabic

Ġ is used in some Arabic transliteration schemes, such as DIN 31635 and ISO 233, to represent the letter غ (ġayn).In the Standard Tunisian Alphabet Ġ is used in Tunisian Arabic to represent the voiced pharyngeal fricative /ʕ/. Whereas it uses Ğ to represent the voiced uvular fricative /ʁ/.

### Armenian

Ġ is used in the romanization of Classical or Eastern Armenian to represent the letter Ղ/ղ (ġat).

### Chechen

Ġ is present in the Chechen Latin alphabet, created in the 1990s. The Cyrillic equivalent is гI, which represents the sound /ɣ/.

### Inupiat

Ġ is used in some dialects of Inupiat to represent the voiced uvular fricative /ʁ/.

### Irish

Ġ was formerly used in Irish to represent the lenited form of G. The digraph gh is now used.

### Maltese

Ġ is the 7th letter of the Maltese alphabet, preceded by F and followed by G. It represents the voiced postalveolar affricate [dʒ].

### Old Czech

⟨ġ⟩ is sometimes (about 16th century) used to represent real [g], to distinguish it from the letter ⟨g⟩, which represented the consonant [j].

### Old English

⟨Ġ⟩ is sometimes used in modern scholarly transcripts of Old English to represent [j] or [dʒ] (after ⟨n⟩), to distinguish it from ⟨g⟩ pronounced as /ɣ/, which is otherwise spelled identically. The digraph ⟨cg⟩ was also used to represent [dʒ].

### Ukrainian

⟨Ġ⟩ is used in some Ukrainian transliteration schemes, mainly ISO 9:1995, as the letter Ґ.

### Phonetic transcription

⟨ġ⟩ is sometimes used as a phonetic symbol transcribing [ɣ] or [ŋ].

### Georgian

Ġ is used in the transliteration of Georgian to represent the letter ღ.

## Computer encoding

ISO 8859-3 (Latin-3) includes Ġ at D5 and ġ at F5 for use in Maltese, and ISO 8859-14 (Latin-8) includes Ġ at B2 and ġ at B3 for use in Irish.
Precomposed characters for Ġ and ġ have been present in Unicode since version 1.0. As part of WGL4, it can be expected to display correctly on most computer systems.
| Appearance | Code points | Name |
| Ġ | U+0120 U+0047, U+0307 | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER G WITH DOT ABOVE LATIN CAPITAL LETTER G + COMBINING DOT ABOVE |
| ġ | U+0121 U+0067, U+0307 | LATIN SMALL LETTER G WITH DOT ABOVE LATIN SMALL LETTER G + COMBINING DOT ABOVE |
OpenAI's GPT-2 uses U+0120 (Ġ) as a substitute for the space character in its tokens.
# Bryant Notree

Bryant Notree (born June 19, 1976) is an American former professional basketball player and coach. Born in Chicago, Illinois, he played college basketball for the Illinois Fighting Illini and UIC Flames.

## Professional career

After graduating from UIC in 1999, Notree started his professional career in the International Basketball League with the New Mexico Slam, spending two seasons there. He participated in the 2001 preseason with the Memphis Grizzlies of the NBA, but was cut before the start of the 2001–02 NBA season. He then moved to Cyprus, signing with Keravnos. During his stint with the club, he took part in the 2001–02 FIBA Saporta Cup, averaging 21.8 points and 4.8 rebounds per game in 6 appearances.
In 2002 he took part in the Shaw's Pro Summer League with the Atlanta Hawks and was briefly signed by the Denver Nuggets, taking part in preseason games, but did not make it to the final roster, being released on October 17, 2002. He played for the Gary Steelheads of the Continental Basketball Association (CBA) during the 2002–03 season and was named to the All-CBA First Team after averaging 21.3 points, 5.4 rebounds and 3.7 assists per game over 48 appearances (44 starts).
Notree was diagnosed with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy during a routine medical checkup in Israel but persisted playing despite the health risks. In 2003 he played 8 games for Atléticos de San Germán in the Baloncesto Superior Nacional of Puerto Rico, averaging 17.9 points, 5.5 rebounds and 2.1 assists per game. He then played for Avtodor Saratov of the Russian Super League, averaging 17.8 points, 4.2 rebounds and 3.7 assists per game over 12 games. He then started the 2004–05 season with Lokomotiv Novosibirsk, with averages of 10.7 points, 3 rebounds and 2.8 assists, before going back to the United States.
His final stint was with the Dakota Wizards of the CBA before he retired in 2005 out of concern for his family. In his final season, Notree played 27 regular season games with averages of 16.1 points, 4.1 rebounds and 4.5 assists; he also appeared in 5 playoff games, averaging 28 points, 4.4 rebounds and 6.2 assists per game. The Wizards named him an assistant coach for the 2005–06 season.

## Personal life

Notree works as a personal trainer and nutritional consultant in Dallas, Texas. He is the father of current CFL linebacker Bryce Notree.
# Nieszkowice, Wołów County

Nieszkowice is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Wołów, within Wołów County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland.
# Nowa Biela

Nowa Biela is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Stronie Śląskie, within Kłodzko County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland.
# San Pedro Seadogs FC

San Pedro Seadogs is a Belizean football team which currently competes in the Premier League of Belize of the Football Federation of Belize.
The team is based in San Pedro. They play their home games at the Ambergris Stadium.

## Current squad

Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules; some limited exceptions apply. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.
| No. | Pos. | Nation | Player |
| 2 | DF | BLZ | Thomas Baptist |
| 3 | DF | BLZ | Jerome Gillett |
| 4 | DF | BLZ | Michael Rowland |
| 5 | DF | BLZ | Alex Garcia |
| 6 | MF | BLZ | Melvin Almendariz |
| 7 | FW | BLZ | Demor Valladarez |
| 8 | DF | BLZ | Jacinto Pinelo |
| 9 | MF | BLZ | Ethnie Figueroa |
| 10 | FW | BLZ | Kenny Witzel |
| 11 | FW | BLZ | Angel Cantun |
| 12 | DF | GUA | Yorvani Chavez |
| 13 | DF | BLZ | Kent Gabourel (captain) |
| 14 | MF | HON | Francisco Mejia |
| No. | Pos. | Nation | Player |
| 15 | FW | BLZ | Mario Chimal |
| 16 | MF | BLZ | Kaedell Middleton |
| 17 | FW | BLZ | Jesse Smith |
| 18 | MF | PER | Jesus Lozano |
| 19 | MF | BLZ | Giovanni Reyes |
| 20 | FW | BLZ | Tyrone Young |
| 21 | DF | BLZ | Andy Albeno |
| 22 | GK | BLZ | Rugerri Trejo |
| 23 | MF | BLZ | Isani Guzman |
| 24 | MF | BLZ | Daniel Caliz |
| 26 | DF | BLZ | Cleon Henry |
| 36 | GK | BLZ | Alden Augustine |
# Mordechai Shrager

Mordechai Shrager (Hebrew: מרדכי שרגר) is a former Israeli footballer who played in Maccabi Rehovot and Maccabi Netanya.
# Blake Gibson

Blake Gibson (born 19 April 1995) is a New Zealand rugby union player who currently plays as a loose forward for Auckland in the ITM Cup and the Blues in Super Rugby.

## Early career

Born in Auckland, Gibson attended Saint Kentigern College in the city and captained their first XV to victory in their local 1A championship. This led to his selection in the Blues Development XV later in the year.

## Senior career

Gibson joined the Auckland ITM Cup team in his first year out of school and made a total of 9 appearances in his first full season scoring 2 tries. Named again to play in the Auckland side for the 2015 ITM Cup, he started the opening game of the season at openside flanker, but suffered a knee injury in the first ten minutes that kept him out for the duration of the campaign. The 2016 New Zealand domestic season didn't bring much more luck as he mustered 2 tries in 2 matches before again missing the remainder of the year through injury as his Auckland side missed out on the Premiership Play-offs and finished up in 5th position on the log standings.

## Super Rugby

Gibson's first season at provincial level made a big enough impression that he was offered a contract as a member of the Blues wider training squad for the 2015 Super Rugby season. He debuted for the Blues against the Crusaders, on the day before his 20th birthday and was named for his first start against the Hurricanes on 24 May 2015. The 2016 Super Rugby season saw him earn plenty of game time under new head coach, Tana Umaga. He made 9 appearances, 6 of which were from the start and scored his debut Super Rugby try, making easy work of All Blacks fullback Ben Smith by throwing him and 3 other defenders off. Despite his injury struggles during the later half of the year, Gibson was again named in the Blues squad for 2017. Gibson is now in the hurricanes playing number 7.

## International

Gibson was named to start for an experienced NZ Barbarians side that played against the Maori All Blacks, shortly after the conclusion of the 2015 Super Rugby Season. Playing at openside flanker, he scored the first try of the game in a standout performance.
He was also a vital member of the New Zealand under-20 side which won the 2015 World Rugby Under 20 Championship. He scored 2 tries in 4 championship games and was named player's player of the day on 3 occasions during the tournament.
Gibson was called up to the All Blacks in 2017 as injury cover following Sam Cane's concussion. Gibson has yet to be capped for New Zealand.

## Career honours

New Zealand Under-20
* World Rugby Under 20 Championship - 2015

## Super Rugby statistics

    As of 26 November 2016
| Season | Team | Games | Starts | Sub | Mins | Tries | Cons | Pens | Drops | Points | Yel | Red |
| 2015 | Blues | 4 | 1 | 3 | 129 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 2016 | Blues | 9 | 6 | 3 | 535 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 |
| Total | Total | 13 | 7 | 6 | 664 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 |
# Western Theatre Command (India)

Western Theatre Command is a proposed Integrated Theatre Command of the Indian Armed Forces. The command will be responsible for looking after the India–Pakistan border starting from Siachen Glacier in north to Gujarat in south.
The Commander-in-Chief will be a four-star officer from the Indian Army (General) or the Indian Air Force (Air Chief Marshal) who will report to the Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee headed by the Chief of Defence Staff (CDS). The Commander will be appointed in rotation to the Army or the Air Force for a period of 18 months.

## History

The concept of Theatre Commands was first proposed by the Kargil Review Committee after the Kargil War, which promoted increasing jointness and integration. The plan for establishment of three different commands was first revealed in June 2023. The commands will be — one for managing border with China (Northern Theatre Command), another for managing the border with Pakistan (Western Theatre Command) and the third as the Maritime Theatre Command. There are currently 17 single service commands — 7 of the Army, 7 of the Air Force and 3 of the Navy. Each of these commands is located at a separate base.
In July 2024, the Defence Ministry identified Jaipur as the base for the Western Theatre Command.
On 4 and 5 September 2024, the first Joint Commander's Conference (JCC) was held at Lucknow (current headquarters Army Central Command). Chief of Defence Staff Anil Chauhan inaugurated the first conference. The other attendees of the meeting included Defence Minister Rajnath Singh, Defence Secretary Giridhar Aramane, the 3 Service Chiefs, the 17 Commander-in-Chiefs of current Commands of the Services, the 2 Commander-in-Chiefs of current Tri-service Commands, DRDO chairman and other senior personalities of the Ministry of Defence. During the conference, Defence Minister received the "detailed modalities" for the creation of Integrated Theatre Commands prepared from the Armed Forces Services. The Armed Forces will rollout the timeline of the introduction of the Theatre Commands. Here, it was also revealed that the Commander-in-Chief of the Theatre Commands and Vice Chief of Defence Staff will be a four-star rank officer like the Chiefs of the Services (General, Air Chief Marshal and Admiral).
As of September 2024, the formal proposal for setting up three Integrated Theatre Commands (ITC) was submitted. This is expected to be approved by the Ministry of Defence soon. The concept of ITCs were developed under the leadership of Chief of Defence Staff General Anil Chauhan for 20 months. He expects the military reform will take 2 years for full implementation.
# List of cemeteries in Massachusetts

This list of cemeteries in Massachusetts includes currently operating, historical (closed for new interments), and defunct (graves abandoned or removed) cemeteries, columbaria, and mausolea which are historical and/or notable. It does not include pet cemeteries.

## Barnstable County

* Lothrop Hill Cemetery, Barnstable
* Hillside Cemetery, Barnstable
* Sandy Street Cemetery, Barnstable

## Berkshire County

* Beth Israel Cemetery, North Adams
* Center Cemetery, Stockbridge

## Bristol County

* Assonet Burying Ground, Assonet
* Beech Grove Cemetery, Westport
* Friends-Central Cemetery, Westport
* Oak Grove Cemetery, Fall River
* Riverside Cemetery, Fairhaven

## Dukes County

* Chilmark Cemetery, Chilmark
* Oak Grove Cemetery, Oaks Bluff

## Essex County

* Burying Point and Witch Trial Victims Memorial, Salem
* Old Burial Hill, Marblehead
* Old Hill Burying Ground, Newburyport
* Old North Parish Burying Ground, North Andover
* Pine Grove Cemetery, Lynn
* Swampscott Cemetery, Swampscott

## Franklin County

* Deerfield Cemetery, Deerfield
* Green River Cemetery, Greenfield
* Hill Cemetery (historic), Shelburne
* Arms Cemetery, Shelburne
* South Cemetery, Shelburne
* East Cemetery, Shelburne
* Center Cemetery, Shelburne
* Hawks Cemetery, Shelburne

## Hampden County

* Bay Path Cemetery, Springfield
* Springfield Cemetery, Springfield

## Hampshire County

* Knights Cemetery, Pelham
* Quabbin Park Cemetery, Quabbin Valley
* West Cemetery, Amherst, Massachusetts
* Wildwood Cemetery, Amherst, Massachusetts

## Middlesex County

* Belmont Cemetery, Belmont
* Cambridge Cemetery, Cambridge
* Catholic Mount Auburn Cemetery, Watertown
* Edson Cemetery, Lowell
* Forestvale Cemetery, Hudson
* Holy Cross Cemetery and Mausoleum, Malden
* Lowell Cemetery, Lowell (1840s)
* Mount Auburn Cemetery, Cambridge (List of burials at Mount Auburn Cemetery)
* Newton Cemetery, Newton
* North Cambridge Catholic Cemetery, Cambridge
* Pine Haven Cemetery, Burlington
* Salem Street Burying Ground, Medford (late 17th century)
* Sleepy Hollow Cemetery, Concord
* Spring Hill Cemetery, Marlborough
* St. Michael Cemetery, Hudson
* Wildwood Cemetery, Winchester

## Nantucket County

* Founders Burial Ground, Nantucket
* Prospect Hill Cemetery, Nantucket

## Norfolk County

* Holyhood Cemetery, Brookline
* Walnut Hills Cemetery, Brookline
* Brookdale Cemetery, Dedham
* Old Village Cemetery, Dedham
* Baby Cemetery, Dedham
* Sharon Memorial Park, Sharon
* Knollwood Memorial Park, Canton
* Milton Cemetery, Milton

## Plymouth County

* Burial Hill, Plymouth
* Old Ship Church Cemetery, Hingham
* Calvary Cemetery, Brockton

## Suffolk County

* Granary Burying Ground, Boston (17th century)
* Greek Theology School of Boston

## Worcester County

* Evergreen Cemetery, Leominster
* Hillside Cemetery, Shrewsbury
* Hope Cemetery, Worcester
* Quaker Cemetery, Leicester
* Worcester County Memorial Park, Paxton
* Woodlawn Cemetery, Clinton
# Bet365 Select Hurdle

The Bet365 Select Hurdle is a Grade 2 National Hunt hurdle race in Great Britain which is open to horses aged four years or older. It is run at Sandown Park over a distance of about 2 miles and 5½f furlongs (4,325 metres), and it is scheduled to take place each year in April.
The race was first run in 2014 and was upgraded from Listed to Grade 2 status from the 2017 running.

## Records

Most successful horse (2 wins):
* Younevercall (2019, 2021)
Leading jockey (3 wins):
* David Bass - Polly Peachum (2015), Younevercall (2019, 2021)
Leading trainer (4 wins):
* Paul Nicholls - Southfield Theatre (2014), Ptit Zig (2016), McFabulous (2022), Knappers Hill (2023)

## Winners

* ↑ The 2020 running was cancelled because of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom
# Stenocercus cupreus

Stenocercus cupreus, the copper whorltail iguana, is a species of lizard of the family Tropiduridae. It is found in Peru.
# Samira Kitman

Samira Kitman (born 1986) is an Afghanistan-born calligrapher and miniaturist currently living in Isleworth in west London.

## Early life

Her parents fled to Pakistan to avoid the troubles, where they lived as refugees during her early childhood. They returned to Kabul in 2002.

## Career

She learned her craft with the Turquoise Mountain Foundation and went on to organise the contract that provided Afghan miniature painting, ceramics and woodwork to the brand new five-star Anjum Hotel in Mecca which is used by wealthy pilgrims. She employed fifteen women calligraphers. The contract worth £175,000 was for 6,000 illuminated Quranic verses to decorate the five-star hotel. She and her artists had 11 weeks to complete the intricate ink lettering with swirls of green and gold watercolour.
She was voted Afghan businesswoman of the year, has been praised by Prince Charles and has had her art displayed at the Victoria and Albert museum in London and the Smithsonian in Washington.
She created Maftah-e Hunar, an arts foundation which trained eighty young, deprived women to become artists and make a living. In 2016 she featured in We Are Afghan Women, a book by the former American first lady Laura Bush.

## Asylum claim

Kitman’s high profile brought her to the attention of militants, and she applied for asylum to the United Kingdom and was located by the Home Office in Lancaster. Her application was refused, an appeal lodged then on 18 March 2017, before the appeal the Home Office reversed its decision: “They advised that after reviewing their decision they hadn’t realised the extent of Samira’s profile in Afghanistan and internationally and that due to her profile she would be at risk.”
Currently Samira is working as an artist in London. As well as painting and selling her own works, she is launching the Samirakitmanartsgallery (website to come) to sell other Afghan artists' works and represent Afghan arts. She also sells hand-painted trays and boxes, as well as a range of greeting cards and cushions printed with her own and other artists' work.
Her instagram is https://www.instagram.com/kitmanarts/
# Nowy Dwór, Oleśnica County

Nowy Dwór is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Syców, within Oleśnica County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland.
The S8 highway passes nearby, south of Nowy Dwór.
# Guangdong Provincial Department of Education

Guangdong Province Department of Education is a department of the provincial government of Guangdong, China. Its headquarters is in Yuexiu District, Guangzhou.
# Gilgamesh (disambiguation)

Gilgamesh was a legendary king of Uruk.
Gilgamesh may also refer to:

## Fictional characters

* Gilgamesh, the protagonist of the Babylonian Castle Saga video game franchise
* Gilgamesh (Final Fantasy), a character in the Final Fantasy video game series
* Gilgamesh (Fate/stay night), a character in the Fate franchise
* Gilgamesh (Marvel Comics) or Forgotten One, an Eternal in the Marvel Comics universe

## Literature

* Gilgamesh (novel), a 2001 novel by Joan London
* Gilgamesh (manga) a manga and anime by Shotaro Ishinomori
* Gilgamesh the King, 1984 historical novel by Robert Silverberg

## Music

* Gilgamesh (band), a jazz fusion band in the 1970s
* Gilgamesh (Martinů) or The Epic of Gilgamesh, a 1955 choral work by Bohuslav Martinů

### Operas

* Gilgamesh (Kodallı opera) (1962–1964)
* Gilgamesh (Saygun opera) (1964–1970)
* Gilgamesh (Nørgård opera) (1971–72)
* Gilgamesh (Brucci opera) (1986)
* Gilgamesh, a 1992 opera by Franco Battiato

### Albums

* Gilgamesh (Acrassicauda album) (2015)
* Gilgamesh (Gilgamesh album) (1975)
* Gilgamesh, a 2010 album by Gypsy & The Cat

## Organizations

* Gilgamesh Pharmaceuticals, a psychedelic pharmaceutical company

## Other uses

* Gilgamesh (restaurant), a restaurant in London
* Gilgamesh, a crater on Ganymede
* 1812 Gilgamesh, a small asteroid
# Mount Calais

Mount Calais (69°11′S 70°15′W﻿ / ﻿69.183°S 70.250°W﻿ / -69.183; -70.250) is a massive mountain, 2,360 metres (7,700 ft) high, at the northwest side of Schokalsky Bay in the northeast part of Alexander Island, Antarctica. It was first roughly surveyed in 1909 by the French Antarctic Expedition under Jean-Baptiste Charcot, who named it for the French city of Calais. The mountain was resurveyed in 1948 by the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey. Mount Calais is the eighth-highest point of Alexander Island while Mount Stephenson remains the highest of all the peaks.
# Mount Weller

Mount Weller (67°17′S 50°40′E﻿ / ﻿67.283°S 50.667°E﻿ / -67.283; 50.667) is a mountain, 1,080 m, standing west of Auster Glacier and 2 nautical miles (3.7 km) east of Reference Peak in Enderby Land. It was plotted from air photos taken by ANARE (Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions) in 1956 and was named by the Antarctic Names Committee of Australia (ANCA) for G.E. Weller, a meteorologist at Mawson Station in 1961.
# A Vicious Circle

A Vicious Circle (1996) is a novel by Amanda Craig which dissects and satirizes contemporary British society. In particular, it describes the world of publishing—its aspiring young authors, busy agents and opportunist literary critics. However, A Vicious Circle is also about falling in and out of love, marriage, bringing up children, class consciousness, poverty, and the sad state of hospitals and the medical profession in Britain.

## Plot summary

The novel chronicles the life of Amelia, the only daughter of newspaper tycoon Max de Monde who, after having spoiled Amelia beyond hope while she was still young, abandons her when she becomes pregnant. Amelia decides to marry Mark Crawley, the father of her child, an ambitious young critic intent on shaking off his humble background. Suddenly, the young couple find themselves in desperate need of money and, at first, accommodations. While she stays at home raising their daughter Rose, Amelia metamorphoses from spoiled brat to mature and responsible mother, whereas her husband loses all interest in the housewife he now realizes he has married. Amelia is encouraged to stay on her chosen path by Grace, her cleaning woman—who is also her niece (without either of the women being aware of this), and by Tom Viner, a young doctor who becomes their lodger.
A Vicious Circle also follows the life of Mary Quinn. An Irish girl lacking a university education, Mary has a natural writing talent and rises to become a prominent reviewer of new fiction after having been left by her lover of many years, Mark Crawley. Mary makes friends with Adam Sands, a yet unpublished author who keeps his homosexuality a secret from almost everyone including his own mother. When he is dying of an AIDS-related disease, Mary is the only person who remembers and eventually takes care of him.
When the recession of the 1990s hits the country everyone seems to be affected by it. Max de Monde, who has even plundered his daughter's trust fund, spectacularly commits suicide by crashing his helicopter against the ground. Amelia leaves Mark and is planning to raise her daughter as a single parent.

## Reception

The novel became, according to The Independent, "a literary sensation before it was even published". The New York Times called it "a vicious roman a clef", and Craig has described how her ex-boyfriend, literary critic David Sexton, believed himself to be "unflatteringly depicted" in the novel. Sexton threatened to sue, and as a result the book’s publication was cancelled by Hamish Hamilton. A rewritten version was later published by Fourth Estate. On publication of the book, several people from the literary world also "happily proffered themselves as candidates" for some of the other characters.