OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# McKim Marriott

McKim Marriott (February 1, 1924 – July 3, 2024) was an American anthropologist who specialized in Indian society.

## Background

Marriott was born on February 1, 1924. He received a PhD from the University of Chicago in 1955. Marriott turned 100 in February 2024, and died five months later on July 3.

## India Experience

His initial exposure to India came during World War II when he worked as a signals analyst. This experience sparked his interest in the country's unique social structures. Despite training as an Indologist, Marriott felt existing Western academic disciplines were inadequate for capturing the essence of Indian culture.
Marriott studied villagers and urbanites of Asia and professionals of Asia, including Japan. He criticized Western categories which often present obstacles to understanding peoples, and he elaborated alternative models for studying differing cultural realities.

## Impact and recognition

Marriott's work influenced generations of anthropologists, including his students who went on to become prominent scholars themselves. He was celebrated for his dedication to cultural sensitivity and his ability to bridge the gap between Western and Indian perspectives. A felicitation ceremony at the University of Chicago Smart Museum marked his 90th birthday, where colleagues and former students acknowledged his lasting influence.

## Selected publications

* 1998 The female family core explored ethnosociologically. Contributions to Indian Sociology. 32: 279–304
* 1997 A Description of SAMSARA, A Realization of Rural Hindu Life. Chicago: McKim Marriott.
* 1992 Alternative social sciences. In J. MacAloon, ed., General Education in the Social Sciences. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, pp. 262–278.
* 1991 On ‘Constructing an Indian ethnosociology’ Contributions to Indian Sociology. 25:295-308.
* 1990 (Editor) India through Hindu Categories. New Delhi/Newbury Park/London: Sage Publications.
# KELG

KELG is an Austin, Texas, radio station, licensed to Manor, Texas, and is owned by Encino Broadcasting.

## History

KELG signed on the air on April 1, 1980 as the sole radio station licensed to Elgin, Texas. The station was founded by a local group of Elgin, Texas business owners headed by Fred Lundgren. Lundgren also headed a group that moved KCAA (the one-time 1050 at Big Bear, California) to Loma Linda, California.
KELG was sold on March 4, 1982 to Longcrier Communications (Steven Longcrier).
In 1985, Longcrier sold KELG to Jose Jaime Garcia, Sr.
Garcia, Sr also founded KMXX 102.3 MHz in August 1976.
KELG 1440 kHz was the first AM full-time to service the Austin Hispanic community. Dynamic Radio Broadcasting Corporation would later add an FM radio station on August 14, 1992 KKLB 92.5 MHz – Elgin, Texas known as "Club 92.5FM", On September 1, 1994 it would acquire KTXZ 1560 kHz – Westlake Hills, Texas then known as "Austin's Original Tejano Music Station" and finally on March 29, 2000 it acquired KFON 1490 kHz – Austin, Texas then known as Sportsfan 1490”.
In 1997, KELG completed a major upgrade to increase power and to change the city of license from Elgin, Texas to Manor, Texas.
After nearly 20 years of operations, Dynamic Radio Broadcasting Corporation, owners of KKLB, KTXZ, KELG and KFON sold all four radio stations to Border Media Partners on January 3, 2005 for $19,000,000.
KELG was purchased by Encino Broadcasting LLC, along with KOKE, and KTXZ on September 24, 2007 for $5.5 million.
# Antar Laniyan

Antar Laniyan Listen is a Nigerian veteran actor, film producer, and director.

## Early life

Laniyan was born in Osogbo, the capital of Osun State southwestern Nigeria. He attended Baptist Secondary School where he obtained his (WAEC) certificate in Lagos State before he later proceeded to the University of Ibadan where he obtained a Bachelor of Arts degree in theatre arts.

## Career

Laniyan began acting in 1981 and the first major role he played as a professional actor was the role of a "major general" in a film titled Everybody wants to know during his days at the Kakaki Art Squad. He has featured in several Nigerian films including Sango, a film scripted by Wale Ogunyemi and produced by Obafemi Lasode. He was the director of the first episode of Super Story, the award-winning Nigerian soap opera produced by Wale Adenuga in the year 2000. He also directed Oh Father Oh Daughter and This Life produced from the stable of Wale Adenuga Production.

## Selected filmography

* Sango (1997)
* Super story (episode 1)
* Kabiosi (2015) as Obaleye
* Black Val (2016)
* Atupa (2018) Dad Enitan
* Lucifer (2019)
* Kakanfo (2020) as Chief Depo
* Alimi (2021) as Mr. Baruwa
* Afua (2021) as Coach
* Oro Ife (2022) as Kabiesi
* Ijakumo: The Born Again Stripper (2022) as Chief Gbadamosi
* Covenant (2022 TV Series) as MKI
* IGE - the unlikely oil merchant (2023) as Chief Ojora
# Sekhar Suri

S. S. Chandra Shekhar, popularly known as Sekhar Suri, is an Indian film director primarily working in Telugu cinema. Best known for the thriller A Film by Aravind (2005), he has directed four Telugu films and one Hindi film, all of which prominently feature elements of suspense and intrigue.

## Personal life

Sekhar was born in Tanuku, West Godavari district of Andhra Pradesh. He used to watch a lot of TV series as a kid. God father was his favorite series on Doordarshan. This obsession continued till his graduation. He spent most of his early life in Hyderabad. He discontinued his degree in commerce to become a film maker.
His original name is SS Chandra Sekhar. Since Chandra Sekhar is a very common name in the film industry, he changed his name to Sekhar Suri. Telugu film director Mohana Krishna Indraganti is his cousin.

## Career

He happened to meet actor Tarun on an occasion with the help of his friend. With the help of Tarun, he got a chance to meet the owner of Super Good Films. This way he got a chance to direct Tarun for the film Adrustam. The script of the film was loosely based on Roman Holiday. However, the film did not do well at the box office.
Later he prepared the script on his own and made it into a film A Film by Aravind starring Rajeev Kanakala, Richard Rishi, and Mona Chopra in the lead roles. This film became a hit. Rishi had bagged seven films after this film. Next he made a psychological thriller film Three which was a real life incident happened in Hyderabad. This film received critical response. Next he made a film Aravind 2 starring Srinivas Avasarala, Kamal Kamaraju and others.
He is currently working on a Hindi film Guns of Banaras with Karan Nath.

## Filmography

* Adrustam (2002)
* A Film by Aravind (2005)
* Three (2008)
* Aravind 2 (2013)
* Dr Charkravarthy (2017)
* Guns of Banaras (2020)
# Covering of the blood

Covering of the blood is a positive commandment enumerated among the 613 commandments in Judaism. After the slaughter has taken place, the shochet (butcher) is commanded to cover the blood of the slaughtered animal with dirt. This applies to birds or non-domesticated kosher animals.
The source of the commandment is Leviticus 17:13–14
   And if any Israelite or any stranger who resides among them hunts down an animal or a bird that may be eaten, that person shall pour out its blood and cover it with earth. For the life of all flesh—its blood is its life. Therefore I say to the Israelite people: You shall not partake of the blood of any flesh, for the life of all flesh is its blood. Anyone who partakes of it shall be cut off.

## Details of the commandment
### Which blood

The requirement to cover blood only applies to the blood of kosher slaughter of birds and undomesticated animals. It does not apply to the blood of domesticated animals. The Talmudic sages interpreted the bibilical verse "hunts down an animal or a bird" to apply to any bird or undomesticated animal regardless of whether it is actually hunted or raised in captivity (Talmud, b. Chullin 84a).

### Who is Commanded

The mitzvah applies to the slaughterer. If he has not performed it, then it devolves on anyone, according to Maimonides. The rabbis deal with whether the responsibility can be delegated, and to whom. In any case, one who comes upon uncovered blood from ritual slaughter must cover it

### The Blessing

The Jewish sages implemented a special blessing before doing this mitzvah: "Blessed are you Lord, our G-d, ruler of the universe, who sanctified us with his commandments and commanded us regarding covering blood with dirt"

### The Process

The commandment is to cover with "afar", translated and defined variously as dirt, ashes, earth, sand, rags, sawdust etc.
It is not required to cover all of the blood. A portion of the blood may be covered, but the requirement is to cover at least a portion of the "blood of life" i.e. the first blood to be emitted from the throat. Today, the blood of birds is poured into a large container with dirt or sawdust at the bottom, then at the end of a shift the slaughterers cover the blood in the container.

### Application on holidays

The halacha states that without dirt or ashes to cover the blood, slaughter must not take place. On holidays, when slaughter is permitted, but digging for dirt is not, one may only slaughter when the dirt is prepared beforehand.

## Rationale

There are several rationales given. The Sefer ha-Chinuch describes how given that "the blood is life", we cover it before eating the meat because there would be cruelty in eating the meat with the life in front of the eater (in the spirit of the prohibition on eating live meat).
According to Rav Kook, covering the blood was intended to express shame for killing the animal we eat, thereby educating humanity to gradually reduce its meat consumption.
# Robert Hughes-Penney

Robert Charles Hughes-Penney FCSI (born 2 March 1968), is a British financier who, since 2018, serves as an Alderman of the City of London.

## Biography

Educated at Haberdashers' Aske's School Elstree, Manchester Polytechnic (BSc, 1989) and RMA Sandhurst, Hughes-Penney was commissioned into the British Army in 1990. As a subaltern he served overseas with the 13th/18th Royal Hussars then Light Dragoons (after amalgamation), being promoted Captain in 1993.
After leaving the Army, Hughes-Penney joined City stockbrokers Laurence Keen 1993–95, becoming a director of Rathbone Investment Management 2003–06 and a director of Investing for Good 2016–20. Elected a Fellow of the Chartered Institute for Securities & Investment (FCSI), since 2020 he serves on its board since 2021.
Hughes-Penney represents the Ward of Cheap as Alderman on the City of London Corporation since 2018, previously being elected to the Court of Common Council 2004–12.
A Court Assistant of the Haberdashers' Company since 2008 (then Warden), Hughes-Penney was also a governor of Haberdashers’ Aske's School for Girls Elstree (2009–16), Master of the Guild of Investment Managers for 2019/20. Appointed a council member of the City and Guilds of London Institute in 2006-10 (Hon. Member since 2010), he has served as a trustee of Mercy Ships UK 1999–2004, the City Parochial Foundation 2004–10, the Court of the Clergy Support Trust 2021-24 and as a trustee of Morden College since 2024.
He is also a member of the Cavalry & Guards Club, the City Livery Club and the HAC.

## Family

The son of Roger Hughes-Penney and Angela née Lee, in 1998 he married Elspeth, a solicitor and daughter of Dr David Gurney Hoare, having two sons and a daughter.
# Bambalwad

Bambalwad is a village in Belgaum district in the southern state of Karnataka, India.
# Georgia Native Plant Society

The Georgia Native Plant Society (GNPS) is a non-profit organization dedicated to promoting the stewardship and conservation of native plants and their habitats in Georgia, United States.

## History

The society was started in 1994 by a group of plant enthusiast who saw a need to advocate the use and preservation of Georgia's native plants. Originally focused in the metro Atlanta area, the organization has evolved to a confederation of chapters across the state, allowing for more local focus.
As of 2023 the organization has 8 chapters and over 2,000 members. Activities include education, outreach, plant sales and native plant propagation. Together with Birds Georgia, GNPS was instrumental in the state of Georgia proclaiming September as Georgia Native Plants month to encourage the use of native plants in the landscape.
Since 2000 the GNPS has selected a native "Plant of the Year" to recognize plants that are underutilized in the commercial landscaping industry. Winners have included the American beech in 2022, spotted beebalm in 2023, blue mistflower in 2024, and blue-eyed grass in 2025.
Native plants are a critical part of insect life cycles, so are key to addressing insect decline. Including native plants on your property has a huge impact on wildlife, climate, and even people.
The state of Georgia is growing rapidly. 2023 saw the third year of record-breaking development, including facilities expansion. Plant rescue programs led by the GNPS can ensure that some native plants are relocated to safer places in advance of construction projects. Native azaleas have particularly benefited from plant rescue.
# Cockburn Island (Antarctica)

Cockburn Island is an oval island 2.7 kilometres (1.7 mi) long, consisting of a high plateau with steep slopes surmounted on the northwest side by a pyramidal peak 450 m (1,476 ft) high, lying in the north-east entrance to Admiralty Sound, south of the north-east end of the Antarctic Peninsula. It was discovered by a British expedition (1839–43) led by Captain James Clark Ross, who named it for Admiral Sir George Cockburn, then serving as First Naval Lord (commander-in-chief of the Royal Navy).

## Geology

Geologically, the area makes up the Cockburn Island Formation, which was studied extensively in the late 1990s by H. A. Jonkers. Rocks found on the island are volcanic, and the island is characterized by its "precipitous cliffs". A "Pecten conglomerate" from the late Pliocene or early Pleistocene period has been identified on the island, situated on a wave-cut platform at 720–820 ft. The island is a rare volcano type called a tuya, or moberg, which was formed by a three-stage eruption sequence below an ice cap. The first stage was a subglacial hyaloclastic eruption under a thick ice cap, which shattered the lava into glass, ash and sand, which has since weathered to yellow palagonite layers. The second phase was a lava eruption into a meltwater glacial lake contained in the ice cap, which resulted in volcanic breccia and basalt pillow lava (boulders of this can be seen along the shore). The final phase was subaerial basalt lava flows on top of the previous volcanic deposits after the lake drained or boiled away.

## Wildlife

The island has been identified as an Important Bird Area (IBA) by BirdLife International because it supports a breeding colony of about 800 pairs of Antarctic shags, as well as about 16,000 breeding pairs of Adélie penguins (estimated from 2011 satellite imagery. Snow petrel nests were reported from the island in 1901; it is not known whether they continue to breed there. Joseph Dalton Hooker, at the time a junior naturalist stationed aboard HMS Erebus, made a series of botanical collections on the island in 1843.
# 1917 Basingstoke by-election

The 1917 Basingstoke by-election was held on 25 October 1917. The by-election was held due to the incumbent Conservative MP, Arthur Salter, becoming a Judge on the High Court of Justice. It was won by the Conservative candidate Sir Auckland Geddes, who was unopposed due to a War-time electoral pact.
# Santos González

Santos González Capilla (born 17 December 1973) is a Spanish professional road bicycle racer. Being a time trial specialist, he won the Spanish National Time Trial Championship in 1999 and 2001. In 2000 he won a stage in Vuelta a España, where he finished fourth. He also rode at the 1992 Summer Olympics and the 2000 Summer Olympics.

## Major results
### 1994

    1st Prologue Tour de Normandie

### 1996

    5th Overall Vuelta a Murcia

### 1997

    1st Stage 9 Ruta Mexico
    3rd Overall Vuelta a Murcia
    9th Overall Vuelta a Andalucía

### 1998

    3rd Overall Volta a la Comunitat Valenciana

### 1999

    National Road Championships
       1st Time trial
       6th Road race

### 2000

    1st Stage 1 (ITT) Vuelta a Castilla y León
    1st Stage 1 (TTT) Volta a Catalunya
    4th Overall Vuelta a España
       1st Stage 21 (ITT)
       Held after Stage 10
    4th Gran Premio de Llodio
    8th Time trial, Olympic Games

### 2001

    1st Time trial, National Road Championships
    1st Stage 1 (TTT) Volta a Catalunya
    7th Time trial, UCI Road World Championships
    8th Memorial Manuel Galera

### 2002

    5th Overall Rothaus Regio-Tour

### 2005

    1st Stage 1 (TTT) Volta a Catalunya
    2nd Time trial, National Road Championships

### 2006

    1st Overall Vuelta a Murcia
    10th Overall Volta a la Comunitat Valenciana

### 2007

    8th Overall Volta ao Distrito de Santarém

### Grand Tour general classification results timeline

| Grand Tour | 1996 | 1997 | 1998 | 1999 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 |
| Giro d'Italia | — | — | — | 85 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Tour de France | — | — | DNF | 61 | — | — | — | — | 31 | — | — | — |
| / Vuelta a España | 51 | DNF | — | — | 4 | 66 | 59 | 11 | DNF | DNF | — | 105 |
Legend :
| — | Did not compete |
| DNF | Did not finish |
# Bandeep Singh

Bandeep Singh (born 9 September 1989) is an Indian first-class cricketer who plays for Jammu & Kashmir. In October 2015, he broke the record of Yusuf Pathan and Shakti Singh for the fastest 50 in the Ranji Trophy. He hit the half-century in 15 balls while the earlier record was in 18 balls.
# Nancy Namrouqa

Nancy Namrouqa (born 1 June 1974 in Amman) is the Jordanian Minister of State for Legal Affairs. She was appointed on 18 September 2024.

## Education

Namrouqa holds a Doctor of Philosophy in Public Law (2016) from the Amman Arab University.

## Career

Namrouqa was an advisor in the Prime Ministry and in the Legislation and Opinion Bureau.
Namrouqa served as the Minister of State for Legal Affairs from 27 October 2022 as part of Prime Minister Bisher Khasawneh's government.
She was appointed as Minister of State for Foreign Affairs on 18 September 2024 in Jafar Hassan's government.
# Hispid pocket gopher

The hispid pocket gopher (Heterogeomys hispidus) is a species of rodent in the family Geomyidae. It is found in Mexico, Belize, Guatemala, and Honduras. Some authors classify it in the genus Orthogeomys, but recent research has allowed this and its related species to be classified in the genus Heterogeomys.
# Bay High School (Ohio)

Bay High School is a public high school located in Bay Village, Ohio, west of Cleveland, Ohio.
The school colors are blue, white and red. The sports teams are known as the Bay Rockets. The school is a member of the Cleveland West Conference.

## Recognition

In 2024, U.S. News & World Report listed Bay High School as one of the top five high schools in the Cleveland Metropolitan Area.
In 2010, Bay High School was named a U.S. Blue Ribbon School.
Bay Village City School District has been designated a Best Community in Music Education in America since 2003. Bay High School has a wide variety of award-winning music programs, including bands, choirs, and orchestras.

## School Profile

As of the 2024-2025 academic year, Bay High School had a student to faculty ratio of 12:1, and 82% of faculty had advanced degrees. Over 75% of students attend 4-year colleges and universities following graduation.

## Athletics
### Ohio High School Athletic Association State Championships

* Boys Wrestling – 1971
* Boys Cross Country – 1976
* Girls Gymnastics - 1978
* Boys Cross Country – 1991
* Boys Soccer – 1991
* Boys Cross Country – 1992
* Girls Track & Field – 1993
* Girls Track & Field – 1994
* Girls Soccer – 1999
* Girls Soccer – 2002
* Girls Soccer – 2003
* Girls Soccer – 2024

## Notable alumni

* Brad Friedel - soccer goalkeeper and coach
* Bob Gibbs - United States Congressman
* Patricia Heaton - actress
* David Nemec - baseball historian
* Richard Patrick - musician
* Lili Reinhart - actress
* Joe Schriner - political activist
* RJ Sunahara - basketball player
* Rex Sunahara - basketball player
* Kate Voegele - musician
* Dave Zastudil - NFL punter
# Gesellschaft der Freunde alter Musikinstrumente

The Gesellschaft der Freunde alter Musikinstrumente (GEFAM) (Society of friends of old musical instruments) was founded in 1951 in Zürich, Switzerland, by a number of music lovers and collectors of historical musical instruments. It is still the only society in the German speaking part of Europe (Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Lichtenstein) that is concerned mainly with old musical instruments and organology. Thanks to its base in Switzerland it has a multicultural and multilanguage profile, visual in its international list of members. Today there are over 200 members (individuals and institutions), mainly in Europe, but also on other parts of the globe. The spectrum includes specialised museums and collections of old musical instruments, researchers and instrument makers as well as private collectors and enthusiasts.
The society is a forum in which public and private collections of musical instruments are visited and aspects of conservation are discussed, whereby the history of the musical instruments is given special consideration. Occasionally extra-European instruments are regarded as well. In addition to these aspects the society also contributes to discussions between museum "specialists", instrument makers, universities and conservatories on the one hand and private collectors and others interested in old musical instruments on the other.

## Publications

The society publishes the biannual academic journal Glareana (eJournal) with society news and articles on subjects pertaining to musical instruments covering topics ranging from historical and critical musicology to music theory and organology, ethnomusicology, and music iconographical studies. It has also published several monographs.