# Minister of State for Europe, North America and Overseas Territories

The minister of state for Europe, North America and Overseas Territories, is a ministerial position within the Government of the United Kingdom, in charge of affairs with Europe. The minister can also be responsible for government policy towards European security; defence and international security; the Falkland Islands; polar regions; migration; protocol; human resources; OSCE and Council of Europe; relations with Parliament; British Overseas Territories of Gibraltar and Sovereign Base Areas in Cyprus; and FCO finance, knowledge and technology.

## History

The office currently a Minister of State at the Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office. Despite being a junior ministerial role, the position has sometimes conferred the right to attend meetings of the Cabinet, which is occasionally granted to other such ministers at the Prime Minister's discretion. This first occurred when Denis MacShane was replaced by Douglas Alexander after the 2005 general election, although Alexander's successor ceased to have this right. When Chris Bryant held the office, it was not as Minister of State but as Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Europe and Asia.
The responsibilities of the office were next appointed to a Minister of State in 2010 by then Prime Minister David Cameron. He appointed David Lidington, who held the office for over six years. In July 2016, the responsibility for the relationship with the European Union, which represented the greater part of British policy towards Europe, became the brief of a new Cabinet level post, Secretary of State for Exiting the European Union, or more informally, Brexit Secretary. With the winding up of DEXEU, the department led by the Brexit Secretary, responsibility was transferred to the Cabinet Office, first under Michael Gove, and then under Lord Frost who was made a member of the Cabinet and held the ministerial position of Minister of State at the Cabinet Office. Through this period, any residual responsibilities for European relations that remained with the Foreign Office were combined with the portfolio of the traditionally more junior Minister of State for Foreign Affairs. The post of Minister of State for Europe and the Americas was held by Alan Duncan until he resigned on 22 July 2019; Duncan was largely regarded as the second most senior-ranking Foreign Office Minister behind the Foreign Secretary. On 25 July 2019, newly elected Prime Minister Boris Johnson appointed Conservative MP for Tamworth, Christopher Pincher to the role as part of his ministerial reshuffle. Johnson promoted Wendy Morton to the role of Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for European Neighbourhood and the Americas to replace Pincher in February 2020. In December 2021, upon the resignation of Lord Frost, ministerial responsibility returned to the Foreign Secretary Liz Truss and Chris Heaton-Harris became Minister of State for Europe as responsibility for the United Kingdom's relations with the European Union was moved from the Cabinet Office back to the Foreign Office. In February 2022, James Cleverly was appointed Minister of State for Europe and North America. His former position as Minister of State for Middle East, North Africa and North America was the second highest position in the Foreign Office; his new position as Europe Minister then took its place as the deputy to the Foreign Secretary.
The post is not to be confused with the Minister of State within the Department for Exiting the European Union, the department created by Prime Minister Theresa May following the UK's vote to leave the EU in 2016 and abolished by Boris Johnson following the UK's exit from the EU on 31 January 2020. They supported the work of the department overseeing the UK's exit from the EU rather than overseeing government policy towards all-European affairs.

## List of ministers

| Name | Name | Term of office | Term of office | Political party | P.M. | F.Sec. |
| Minister of State for Europe |||||||||
| | Douglas Hurd | 4 May 1979 | 9 June 1983 | Conservative | Thatcher | Carrington |
| | Douglas Hurd | 4 May 1979 | 9 June 1983 | Conservative | Thatcher | Pym |
| | Malcolm Rifkind | 9 June 1983 | 11 January 1986 | Conservative | Thatcher | Howe |
| | Lynda Chalker | 11 January 1986 | 24 July 1989 | Conservative | Thatcher | Howe |
| | Francis Maude | 25 July 1989 | 28 November 1990 | Conservative | Thatcher | Major |
| | Francis Maude | 25 July 1989 | 28 November 1990 | Conservative | Thatcher | Hurd |
| | Tristan Garel-Jones | 28 November 1990 | 27 May 1993 | Conservative | Major | Hurd |
| | David Heathcoat-Amory | 27 May 1993 | 20 July 1994 | Conservative | Major | Hurd |
| | David Davis | 20 July 1994 | 2 May 1997 | Conservative | Major | Hurd |
| | David Davis | 20 July 1994 | 2 May 1997 | Conservative | Major | Rifkind |
| | Doug Henderson | 5 May 1997 | 28 July 1998 | Labour | Blair | Cook |
| | Joyce Quin | 28 July 1998 | 28 July 1999 | Labour | Blair | Cook |
| | Geoff Hoon | 28 July 1999 | 11 October 1999 | Labour | Blair | Cook |
| | Keith Vaz | 11 October 1999 | 11 June 2001 | Labour | Blair | Cook |
| | Peter Hain | 11 June 2001 | 24 October 2002 | Labour | Blair | Straw |
| | Denis MacShane | 28 October 2002 | 11 May 2005 | Labour | Blair | Straw |
| | Douglas Alexander | 11 May 2005 | 8 May 2006 | Labour | Blair | Straw |
| | Geoff Hoon | 8 May 2006 | 28 June 2007 | Labour | Blair | Beckett |
| | Jim Murphy | 28 June 2007 | 3 October 2008 | Labour | Brown | Miliband |
| | Caroline Flint | 3 October 2008 | 5 June 2009 | Labour | Brown | Miliband |
| | Glenys Kinnock, Baroness Kinnock of Holyhead | 5 June 2009 | 13 October 2009 | Labour | Brown | Miliband |
| Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Europe and Asia |||||||||
| | Chris Bryant | 13 October 2009 | 11 May 2010 | Labour | Gordon Brown | Miliband |
| Minister of State for Europe |||||||||
| | David Lidington | 12 May 2010 | 14 July 2016 | Conservative | Cameron | HagueHammond |
| Minister of State for Europe and the Americas |||||||||
| | Alan Duncan | 15 July 2016 | 22 July 2019 | Conservative | May | JohnsonHunt |
| | Christopher Pincher | 25 July 2019 | 13 February 2020 | Conservative | Johnson | Raab |
| Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for European Neighbourhood and the Americas |||||||||
| | Wendy Morton | 13 February 2020 | 19 December 2021 | Conservative | Johnson | Raab |
| Minister of State for Europe |||||||||
| | Chris Heaton-Harris | 19 December 2021 | 8 February 2022 | Conservative | Johnson | Truss |
| Minister of State for Europe and North America |||||||||
| | James Cleverly | 8 February 2022 | 7 July 2022 | Conservative | Johnson | Truss |
| Minister of State for Europe |||||||||
| | Graham Stuart | 7 July 2022 | 6 September 2022 | Conservative | Johnson | Truss |
| | Leo Docherty | 7 September 2022 | 27 October 2022 | Conservative | Truss | Cleverly |
| Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Europe |||||||||
| | Leo Docherty | 27 October 2022 | 26 March 2024 | Conservative | Sunak | CleverlyCameron |
| Minister of State for Europe |||||||||
| | Nus Ghani | 26 March 2024 | 5 July 2024 | Conservative | Sunak | Cameron |
| Minister of State for Europe, North America and Overseas Territories |||||||||
| | Stephen Doughty | 8 July 2024 | Incumbent | Labour | Starmer | Lammy |