# Bageshri

Raga Bageshri or Bageshree (IAST: Bāgeśrī) is a Hindustani raga. It is a janya raga (derived scale) of the 22nd Melakarta raga Kharaharapriya. It is meant to depict the emotion of waiting for reunion with one's lover. Being a very melodic raga it has gained popularity over the centuries. Like all ragas, Raga Bageshri traces its origins to the Samaveda, a sacred Hindu text with roots that likely date back to around 1500 BCE, though its oral tradition could be much older.
Raga Bageshri is a night time raga (madhya raatri Ragsamaya), written in Kaafi thaat, Ma Vadi, Sa Samvadi, 5/7 Jati, Hasya Rasa (associated with joyful, the comic, and happy emotions).
In modern days, people like the popular Hindi music director C.Ramchandra favour composing songs in Bageshri, as he found it simple. In a 1978 interview at BBC studios with Mahendra Kaul, he explained this, while playing songs like (Radha na bole – Azad, 1955) that were set to Bageshri.

## Theory

The theoretical aspects of Bageshri are as follows:

### Scale

    Arohana : S g m D n S'
    Avarohana : S' n D m P D g m g R S

### Vadi & Samavadi

    Vadi : Madhyam (Ma)
    Samavadi: Shadja (Sa)

### Pakad or Chalan

D n s, m, m P D, m g R S
    Varjit Swara – P & R in Aaroh
    Jati : – Audav-Sampoorna (Vakra)

### Organization & Relationships

Thaat: Kafi (raga)

### Samayā (Time)

The time for this raaga is madhya raatri (middle of the night).

## Carnatic music

Bageshri raga a popular raga. It is derived from the 22nd Melakarta, Kharaharapriya. This raga is a janya raga (derived) as it does not have all the seven notes in the ascending scale.

### Structure and Lakshana

Bageshri is an asymmetric scale that does not contain panchamam or rishabam in the ascending scale. It is called a audava-sampurna rāgam, in Carnatic music classification (as it has 5 notes in ascending and 7 notes in descending scale). Its ārohaṇa-avarohaṇa structure is as follows (see swaras in Carnatic music for details on below notation and terms):
* ārohaṇa : S G₂ R₂ M₁ D₂ N₂ Ṡ
* avarohaṇa : Ṡ N₂ D₂ N₂ P M₁ G₂ R₂ S
This scale uses the notes shadjam, chathusruti rishabham, sadharana gandharam, shuddha madhyamam, panchamam, chathusruthi dhaivatham, and kaisiki nishadam.

### Popular compositions

Bageshri is a very melodic raga in Carnatic music. So, even though this scale has been used only in a few krithis (compositions), many devaranamas, ashtapadis, thiruppugazhs, and other lyrics have been set to tune in this raga. It is typically sung in concerts after the main piece, in viruttams, padams, bhajans, and ragamalika.
Here are some popular compositions in Bageshri.
* Eru mayil eri vilayaducomposed by Arunagirinathar
* Sagarasayana by M. D. Ramanathan
* Maname Ariyen by Papanasam Sivan
* Antakanadutarige KiMchittu dayavilla by Purandaradasa
* Govindamiha by Narayana Theertha

## Film Songs
### Language:Tamil

| Song | Movie | Composer | Singer |
| Kaanaa Inbam Kannidhadheno | Sabaash Meena | T. G. Lingappa | T. A. Mothi, P. Susheela |
| Kalaiyae En Vazhkaiyin | Meenda Sorgam | T. Chalapathi Rao | A. M. Rajah, P. Susheela |
| Idhaya Vaasal Thirantha Pothum | Thoongatha Kannindru Ondru | K. V. Mahadevan | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, S. Janaki |
| Anbale Thediya En | Deivapiravi | R. Sudarsanam | C. S. Jayaraman, S. Janaki |
| Malare Malare Theriyatha | Thennilavu | A. M. Rajah | P. Susheela |
| Kangale Kangale | Vaazhkai Padagu | Viswanathan–Ramamoorthy | P. B. Sreenivas |
| Mayakkum Maalai | Gulebakavali | Viswanathan–Ramamoorthy | A. M. Rajah, Jikki |
| Malarukku Thendral | Enga Veettu Pillai | Viswanathan–Ramamoorthy | P. Susheela, L. R. Eswari |
| Paal Irukkum Pazham Irukkum | Paava Mannippu | Viswanathan–Ramamoorthy | T. M. Soundararajan, P. Susheela |
| Ponnezhil Pootadu | Kalangarai Vilakkam | M. S. Viswanathan | T. M. Soundararajan, P. Susheela |
| Nee Ennenna Sonnalum | Netru Indru Naalai | M. S. Viswanathan | T. M. Soundararajan, P. Susheela |
| Nilave Ennidam | Ramu | M. S. Viswanathan | P. B. Sreenivas, P. Susheela |
| Avan Nenaithaana | Selva Magal | M. S. Viswanathan | T. M. Soundararajan |
| Kannanin Sanithiyil | Oru Kodiyil Iru Malargal | M. S. Viswanathan | P. Jayachandran, P. Susheela |
| Nee Engey En Ninaivugal | Mannippu | S. M. Subbaiah Naidu | T. M. Soundararajan, P. Susheela, A. P. Komala |
| Punnagai Mannan | Iru Kodugal | V. Kumar | P. Susheela, K. Jamuna Rani |
| Melatha Mella | Aruvadai Naal | Ilaiyaraaja | Malaysia Vasudevan, S. Janaki |
| Kelaayo Kanna | Naane Raja Naane Mandhiri | Ilaiyaraaja | P. Susheela, Usha Srinivasan |
| Kala Kala Sangamamo | Ezhumalayaan Magimai | Ilaiyaraaja | Ilaiyaraaja, S. Janaki |
| Ingeyum Angeyum | Sathyaa | Ilaiyaraaja | Lata Mangeshkar |
| Then Mozhi | Solla Thudikuthu Manasu | Ilaiyaraaja | Mano |
| Kaviyam Padava Thendrale | Idhayathai Thirudathe | Ilaiyaraaja | Mano |
| Mounam Yen Mounamey | En Jeevan Paduthu | Ilaiyaraaja | Mano |
| Roja Ondru Mutham Ketkum Neram | Komberi Mookan | Ilaiyaraaja | S P Balasubramaniam & S. Janaki |
| Eduthu Naan Vidava | Pudhu Pudhu Arthangal | Ilaiyaraaja | Ilaiyaraaja, S. P. Balasubrahmanyam |
| Ingeyum | Sathya | Ilaiyaraaja | Lata Mangeshkar |
| Unnayum Ennayum | Aalappirandhavan | Ilaiyaraaja | K.J. Jesudas, S. Janaki |
| Yarodu Yaro | Salangayil Oru Sangeetham | Ilaiyaraaja | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam |
| Chinnai Chiru | Endrum Anbudan | Ilaiyaraaja | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam |
| Rokkam Irukura Makkal | Kasi | Ilaiyaraaja | Hariharan, Sujatha Mohan |
| Singalathu Chinnakuyile (Ragam Bahudari touches also) | Punnagai Mannan | Ilaiyaraaja | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, K. S. Chithra |
| Vaikasi Masthula | Ninaivu Chinnam | Ilaiyaraaja | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, K. S. Chithra |
| Mazhai Varuthu | Raja Kaiya Vacha | Ilaiyaraaja | K.J. Jesudas, K. S. Chithra |
| Sangathamizh Kaviye (Ragamalika:Abheri, Bageshri, Sumanesa Ranjani) | Manathil Uruthi Vendum | Ilaiyaraaja | K.J. Jesudas, K. S. Chithra |
| Santosham Kaanatha | Vasanthi | Chandrabose | K.J. Jesudas, K. S. Chithra |
| Koluse Koluse | Pen Puthi Mun Puthi | Chandrabose | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, S. P. Sailaja |
| Chinna Kannan | Senthoora Poove | Manoj–Gyan | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, K. S. Chithra |
| Thazham Poovai Theril Kanden | Rojakkal Unakaga | Manoj–Gyan | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, Swarnalatha(Humming only) |
| Malaicharal Oram | Avathellam Pennalae | Shankar–Ganesh | P. Jayachandran |
| Kadalodu Nadhikenna Kobam | Arthangal Ayiram | Shankar–Ganesh | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam |
| Aruviyin Oram | Paadum Paadal Unakkaga | Maharaajaa | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam |
| Naan Vandha Idam | Thanga Kolusu | Deva | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam |
| Thalaivanai Azhaikuthu | En Aasai Machan | Deva | S. Janaki |
| Uchathil Otha Kuyil | Partha Parvayil | M. M. A. Iniyavan | Mano, S. Janaki |
| Pollatha Kannan | Swarnamukhi | Swararaj | K. S. Chithra, Gajendran |
| Aaromale (Malayalam) | Vinnaithaandi Varuvaayaa | A. R. Rahman | Alphons Joseph, Shreya Ghoshal(Female Version) |
| Valayapatti Thavile (Ragamalika: Bihag, Bageshri, Neelambhari) | Azhagiya Tamil Magan | A. R. Rahman | Naresh Iyer, Ujjayinee Roy, Srimathumitha, Darshana KT |
| Seemanthapoo | 99 Songs | A. R. Rahman | Jonita Gandhi, Sharanya Srinivas, Sireesha Bhagavatula |
| Kaatru Vanthu Santham Solla | Konjum Kili | S. A. Rajkumar | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, Sunandha |
| Vallami Tharayo | Vallamai Tharayo | Bharadwaj | Bharadwaj, Surmukhi Raman |
| Thuli Thuliyai (Ragamalika:Harikambhoji, Bageshri) | Ramanujan | Ramesh Vinayakam | Ramesh Vinayakam, Kaushiki Chakrabarty, Vinaya |

### Language: Hindi

| Song | Movie | Composer | Singer |
| Aja Re, Paradesi | Madhumati | Salil Chowdhury | Lata Mangeshkar |
| Phir Chhiddi Raat | Bazaar | Mohd Khayyam | Lata Mangeshkar, Talat Aziz |
| Bachna Ae Haseeno | Hum Kisise Kum Nahi (1977) / Bachna Ae Haseeno (2008) | R D Burman (1977) / Vishal-Shekhar (2008) | Kishore Kumar / Sumit Kumar |
| Ami Je To Mar | Bhool Bhulaiya | Pritam | M.G. Sreekumar, Shreya Ghoshal |
| Ghadi Ghadi Mora Dil Dhadke | Madhumati | Salil Chowdhury | Lata Mangeshkar |
| Bedardi Dagabaz Ja Tu Nahin Balma Mora | Bluff Master | Kalyanji-Anandji | Lata Mangeshkar |
| Chah Barbad Karegi | Shahjehan | Naushad | K. L. Saigal |
| Ja Re, Beiman Tujhe Jan Liya | Private Secretary | Dilip Dholakia | Manna Dey |
| Jaag Dard-e-Ishq Jaag | Anarkali | C. Ramchandra | Hemant Kumar, Lata Mangeshkar |
| Shubh Ghadi Aai | Insaaf Ki Tope | Nagar Das Nayak | Shaila V. Panchotia |
| Jao Jao Nand Ke Lala | Rangoli | Shankar–Jaikishan | Lata Mangeshkar |
| Radha Na Bole Na Bole | Azaad | C. Ramchandra | Lata Mangeshkar |
| Ruth Ke Humse Kahin | Jo Jeeta Wohi Sikandar | Jatin–Lalit | Jatin Pandit |
| Sanwoli Saloni Teri Jheel Si Aankhen | Ham Sab Chor Hain | Bappi Lahiri | Kumar Sanu, Alka Yagnik |
| Aab Ghar Aaja | Haasil | Jatin–Lalit | Javed Ali |
| Mera Chand Mujhe Aaya Hai Nazar | Yeh Hai Mumbai Meri Jaan | Jatin–Lalit | Kumar Sanu |
| Kahena Hi Kya | Bombay | A. R. Rahman | K. S. Chithra |
| Aisa Kyon Hota Hai Barbar | Ishq Vishk | Anu Malik | Alka Yagnik |
| Bolo Na | Chittagong | Shankar–Ehsaan–Loy | Shankar Mahadevan |
| Emotional Atyachar | Dev D | Amit Trivedi | Amit Trivedi, Amitabh Bhattacharya |
| Chahaton Ka Silsila | Shabd | Vishal–Shekhar | Kumar Sanu, Sunidhi Chauhan |
| Bhare Naina | Ra.One | Vishal–Shekhar | Nandini Srikar |
| Raat Bhar Chand Jwala | Moonlight Whispers (Album) | Vivek Prakash | Udit Narayan |

### Language: Kannada

| Song | Movie | Composer | Singer |
| Kaalavannu Thadeyoru | Kittu Puttu (1977) / Apthamitra (2004) | Rajan-Nagendra (1977) / Gurukiran (2004) | K J Yesudas, S Janaki (1977) / Hariharan, Gurukiran (2008) |