OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Syed Babar Ali

Syed Babar Ali OBE (Urdu: سید بابر علی; born 15 January 1926) is a Pakistani businessman, philanthropist and former caretaker Finance Minister of Pakistan. He is the founder of Packages Limited, Milkpak Limited (now Nestlé Pakistan) and Lahore University of Management Sciences. Syed Babar Ali School of Science and Engineering is named after him.

## Early life and family

Syed Babar Ali was born on 15 January 1926, to a businessman, Syed Maratib Ali, in Lahore, Pakistan. His father owned shops in the Walled City of Lahore and was a top contractor of the British Indian Army supplying them with services like logistics and all sorts of items used in regiments. The money was used to invest in land. His mother belonged to the prominent landlord family of Lahore. On his maternal side, his grandmother was a member of the Afghan royal family. He is the brother of Syed Amjad Ali and Syed Wajid Ali. His family practices Shia Islam.
He received his education from Aitchison College, Lahore. He graduated from Government College, Lahore; for further studies he went to the University of Michigan till 1947, when he moved to newly-created state of Pakistan. He completed his graduation from University of the Punjab, Lahore. He also briefly studied at Harvard School of Business which helped him later founding business school.

## Career

In the 1970s, Zulfikar Ali Bhutto's nationalization affected his five out of six companies, leaving only Packages Limited. He served as the First and Founder Chairman of National Fertilizer Corporation of Pakistan (NFC) from 1973 until 1980, helping to set up the country's first ever fertilizer company. He did not draw any salary during his tenure as Chairman NFC.
In October 1970, Mr. Ali co-founded Lahore Stock Exchange and served as Director of first Board of the company.
Ali is the Chairman of Sanofi-Aventis Pakistan Limited, Siemens Pakistan Engineering Company Limited, and Coca-Cola Beverages Pakistan Limited. He believes in the joint venture philosophy and most of his businesses are joint ventures with major multinationals.
In 1992, he founded 'Ali Institute of Education' for training of primary and secondary school teachers. He served as the Minister of Finance, Economic Affairs & Planning in the caretaker setup in 1993.
Ali promoted the cause of the World Wide Fund for Nature where he served in various positions, both in Pakistan and internationally, from 1972 to 1996. He was the International President of WWF from 1996 to 1999 succeeding Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh.

## Awards

Ali received honours and awards from the Government of Sweden, the Government of Netherlands, an Order of the British Empire from Britain (1997), and was awarded an Honorary Doctorate Degree of Laws from McGill University, Montreal, Canada (1997).
# Toshiyuki Sakai

Toshiyuki Sakai (坂井 寿如, Sakai Yoshiyuki, born 3 September 1964) is a Japanese ice hockey player. He was a team captain in the men's tournament at the 1998 Winter Olympics, and represented Japan in the World Championships fifteen times.
# Pefletti

In Finland, a pefletti (Finnish and colloquial Finland Swedish) is a sheet of paper, cardboard, cloth, foam rubber or other soft material that is placed on the sauna bench and then sat on.

## Purpose

The purpose of pefletti is to maintain good hygiene, in a public same-sex, nude sauna, by preventing genital contact with the bench. Another reason is to prevent an uncomfortable feeling because of, and to better bear, the heat, by using a seat cover.
The pefletti come in both disposable and re-usable varieties.
The word pefletti is a combination of the Finnish words "peffa", which is a mild slang word for one's behind, and "tabletti", meaning placemat.
The pefletti has a role in the very traditional yet varied sauna habits in Finland; it is one of the “do’s … of the Finnish sauna.”
The larger kind of "pefletti" made of linen or cotton fabric, that covers either the majority of the width of the sauna bench, or a single seat of the bench and backrest for one sitter is called a laudeliina. This cloth is usually washed after each use and used for sanitary and comfort purposes such as the pefletti.
# Euspira obtusa

Euspira obtusa is a species of predatory sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Naticidae, the moon snails.

## Description

The length of the shell attains 10.2 mm.

## Distribution

This species occurs in European waters (the South Shetland-Faeroe Ridge), in the Atlantic Ocean off Galicia, Spain and the Cape Verdes and West Africa.
# Zatanna (Batman: The Animated Series)

"Zatanna" is the 54th episode from Batman: The Animated Series. It first aired on February 2, 1993, and was written by Paul Dini and directed by Dan Riba and Dick Sebast. The episode features the first appearance of regular DC Comics character Zatanna in the DC Animated Universe.

## Plot

The episode opens with a flashback to Bruce Wayne's past, when he was training under the pseudonym John Smith with the magician Zatara, learning the skills of an escape artist in preparation for his future as Batman. He has a flirtatious relationship with Zatara's daughter, Zatanna, who he calls 'Zanna', though he appears to leave without acting upon their mutual attraction.
In the present day, Bruce Wayne is attending a performance by Zatanna, who has become a successful stage magician herself. Her performance involves having the money in the Gotham Mint vanish and reappear and is watched over by a debunker of magic named Montague Kane. After causing the money to vanish successfully, Zatanna finds herself unable to make it reappear, and is arrested for its theft. Refusing to believe that she could be guilty, Bruce begins to investigate as Batman.
Batman breaks Zatanna out of her police transport and the two travel to the scene of the crime. Along the way Zatanna questions why he would go to such lengths to prove her innocence. She asks if they have met before; Batman brushes off the question, answering her questions about having met by stating that he simply 'has one of those faces'. Upon exploring the stage on which she performed, Batman and Zatanna discover that the money was never there in the first place, and that somebody has enacted their own illusion to frame her. Suspecting Montague Kane, the two proceed to his estate. Kane is not present, though they do find evidence to implicate him, as well as signs that indicate that he is attempting to flee Gotham on his personal jet.
Racing to the airstrip, Batman and Zatanna board the plane and, after a pitched battle with Kane and his henchmen, are able to bring them to justice. When Batman calls Zatanna 'Zanna', she realizes that he was Zatara's apprentice years ago. The two part as friends, with the implication that they could someday be something more.

## Voice cast

* Kevin Conroy as Bruce Wayne / Batman
* Efrem Zimbalist Jr. as Alfred Pennyworth
* Julie Brown as Zatanna
* Vincent Schiavelli as Zatara
* Michael York as Montague Kane
* Bruce Timm as Red

## Production

According to writer/story editor Paul Dini, Zatanna's traditional fishnet stockings from the comics were left out of her DCAU version's costume due to being difficult to animate.

## Reception

"Zatanna" is generally well regarded. Oliver Sava of The A.V. Club gave the episode a positive review and a 'B' grade. GamesRadar+'s Kat Calamia ranked the episode as fourth best Batman: The Animated Series episodes of all time.
# Jude Demorest

Claire Jude Demorest (born March 11, 1992) is an American actress and singer who is known for her roles in Dallas and Star.

## Early life

Demorest was born in Michigan, and grew up in a very religious family. She said in an interview "I grew up in church, seven days a week. The service was very music-driven, so the pastor created a performing-arts school down the street. There was drama, dance, and choir rehearsal—it was my training."
At the age of 16, Demorest moved to Los Angeles to pursue an acting career. After trying everything from backup dancing to singing, she signed with Epic Records under producer L.A. Reid.

## Career

Demorest started her career in minor parts, as extras and background dancers in multiple shows and films prior to getting a shot in the 2009 short History of Made Up Things. She had a recurring role on Dallas as Candance, leaving the show after 6 appearances. During the summer of 2016, writer, director, and executive producer Lee Daniels held a nationwide search for Fox's girl-group series, Star (debuting December 14) ending in May 2019. "It was 10 auditions and Lee was part of every one," Demorest said.

## Personal life

Demorest married music producer Ammo on April 24, 2016. On September 4, 2018, Demorest announced via Instagram that she was pregnant. On November 11, 2018, she gave birth to their son. On June 14, 2021, she gave birth to their second son. On January 1, 2024, it was announced that she and Ammo were expecting their third child, a girl. On April 6, 2024, she gave birth to their third child and first daughter.

## Filmography

Television and film roles :
| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 2009 | History of Made up Things | Whitney | Short film |
| 2010 | Jonas | Andrea | Episode: "And... Action!" |
| 2012 | The Ghastly Love of Johnny X | Mickey O'Flyn Groupie | Film; uncredited |
| 2012 | Hollywood Heights | Amber | Episode: "Loren Doesn't Make the Cut" |
| 2014 | Dallas | Candace | Recurring role, 6 episodes |
| 2014 | Bipolar | Sarah | Film; as Claire Demorest |
| 2014 | The Middle | Samantha | Episode: "The Table" |
| 2015 | Axiom | Hip Hop Robot | Short film |
| 2016–2019 | Star | Star Davis | Lead role |

## Discography
### Songwriting credits

| Year | Title | Artist | Album | Credits |
| 2012 | Last 1 Standing | Cymphonique Miller and Max Schneider | How to Rock soundtrack | Co-writer |
| 2016 | Work from Home | Fifth Harmony | 7/27 | Co-writer |
| 2016 | Nasty | Brooke Candy | Non-album single | Co-writer |
| 2017 | Whatcha Gonna Do | Star cast | Star soundtrack | Co-writer |
| 2017 | Down | Fifth Harmony | Fifth Harmony | Co-writer |
| 2018 | There for You | Herself | Star soundtrack | Writer |
| 2018 | Madonna | Star cast | Star soundtrack | Writer |
| 2019 |
| 2019 | Davis Street | Herself | Star soundtrack | Writer |
| 2019 | This & That | Star cast | Star soundtrack | Writer |
| 2019 | "Bounce Back" | Little Mix | Non-album single | Co-writer |
# Volleyball at the 2019 South Asian Games

Volleyball at the 2019 South Asian Games is being held in Kathmandu, Nepal from 27 November to 3 December 2019.

## Medalists

| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| Men | India | Pakistan | Sri Lanka |
| Women | India | Nepal | Sri Lanka |
# Elizabeth Hopkins

Elizabeth Hopkins (1731–1801) was an English stage actress of the eighteenth century. Born as Elizabeth Barton to a publican in York, she married the actor William Hopkins in 1753. and he introduced her to the stage. They acted together in the provinces and then in Edinburgh where she was original Anna in John Home's Douglas in 1756. She then went to Dublin to perform at the Smock Alley Theatre and elsewhere, although she was at one point dismissed by the company by Thomas Sheridan. When her husband was appointed as prompter at the Theatre Royal, Drury Lane in London she joined the company there, making her first appearance there in 1761. For several decades she was an integral part of the Drury Lane company, occasionally appearing elsewhere in the summer including at Richmond and the Theatre Royal, Haymarket. She transitioned in the 1780s from the younger, tragic roles she had played to older character parts such as dowagers Her final appearance was at the Haymarket in 1796. The actress Priscilla Kemble, wife of John Philip Kemble, was her daughter.

## Selected roles

* Anna in Douglas by John Home (1756)
* Lady Rusport in The West Indian by Richard Cumberland (1771)
* Mrs Bridgemore in The Fashionable Lover by Richard Cumberland (1772)
* Lady Rachel Mildew in The School for Wives by Hugh Kelly (1773)
* Mrs Stapleton in The Choleric Man by Richard Cumberland (1774)
* Dinah in The Runaway by Hannah Cowley (1776)
* Lady Varnish in The Double Deception by Elizabeth Richardson (1779)
* Lady Blaze in The School for Vanity by Samuel Jackson Pratt (1783)
* Theodosia in The Box-Lobby Challenge by Richard Cumberland (1794)
* Mrs Ratcliff in The Jew by Richard Cumberland (1794)
* Mrs Hamford in The Wedding Day by Elizabeth Inchbald (1794)
* Benedicta in Don Pedro by Richard Cumberland (1796)
# Yiya Chen

Yiya Chen is a linguist and phonetician specializing in speech prosody. She is professor of phonetics at Leiden University as well as senior researcher at the Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition.

## Education and career

Chen began her studies at Beijing Foreign Studies University, where she earned her BA in 1992. Her graduate studies were carried out at Stony Brook University, from which she received an MA in 1999 and a PhD in 2003. The topic of her doctoral thesis was the phonetics and phonology of contrastive focus in Mandarin Chinese, investigated using experimental methods.
Prior to taking up her current position at Leiden University in 2007, Chen had short-term teaching and research positions at the University of Edinburgh, Radboud University Nijmegen, the University of Colorado Boulder, Cornell University and New York University.

## Research

Chen's research is in phonetics and laboratory phonology, with a focus on aspects of speech prosody and melody. Her research aims to shed light on prosodic variation and universality, and how these can inform general linguistic and psycholinguistic theories of processing and representation. She deploys multiple phonetic, psycholinguistic and neurolinguistic methods in service of these goals, including acoustic analyses, eye tracking, event-related potential studies and reaction-time experiments.
Her areal expertise is in Chinese, especially Mandarin and Wu Chinese, with interests in other Sinitic and Tibeto-Burman languages. Outside these families she has also carried out experimental work on speakers of Zulu, Ewe, Kedang and Selayarese.

## Honors and awards

In 2008 she was awarded a European Research Council Starting Grant to study the representation and processing of pitch variation in tonal languages. In 2020 she was awarded an NWO Vici grant entitled Melody in Speech.
In 2022 she was elected a Member of the Academia Europaea.

## Selected publications

* Chen, Yiya, and Agnes Weiyun He. 2001. Dui bu dui as a pragmatic marker: evidence from Chinese classroom discourse. Journal of Pragmatics 33 (9), 1441-1465.
* Chen, Yiya. 2006. Durational adjustment under corrective focus in Standard Chinese. Journal of Phonetics 34 (2), 176-201.
* Chen, Yiya, and Yi Xu. 2006. Production of weak elements in speech: evidence from f0 patterns of neutral tone in Standard Chinese. Phonetica 63 (1), 47-75.
* Chen, Yiya, and Carlos Gussenhoven. 2008. Emphasis and tonal implementation in Standard Chinese. Journal of Phonetics 36 (4), 724-746.
* Chen, Yiya. 2011. How does phonology guide phonetics in segment-f0 interaction? Journal of Phonetics 39 (4), 612-625.
* Gussenhoven, Carlos, Yiya Chen, Sónia Frota, and Pilar Prieto. 2013. Intonation. Oxford Bibliographies Online: Linguistics. doi:10.1093/OBO/9780199772810-0072
# Katabasis (disambiguation)

Katabasis or catabasis (Ancient Greek: κατάβασις, from κατὰ 'down' and βαίνω 'go') is a descent of some type, such as moving downhill, moving to a lower realm of existence, a military retreat, or a regression of some type.
* Katabasis, a trip to the underworld or the land of the dead
* Katabatic wind, cold winds that come from glacial mountains downward
* Katabasia, a type of hymn in the Eastern Orthodox Church and Eastern Catholic Churches which follow the Byzantine Rite
* Katabasis, a 2025 novel by R. F. Kuang
# Danilo Pudgar

Danilo Pudgar (born 3 May 1952) is a Slovenian former ski jumper who competed from 1971 to 1973 representing Yugoslavia. He earned his best individual career finish of eighth in the individual large hill at the 1972 Winter Olympics in Sapporo.
# Katrine Kielos

Katrine Linda Mathilda Kielos (born 24 October 1983), known as Katrine Marçal from 2014 to 2023, is a Swedish author, journalist and correspondent for Swedish daily newspaper Dagens Nyheter.

## Biography

Kielos was born in Lund. She has served as chief editorialist of the Swedish newspaper Aftonbladet where she mainly wrote articles about Swedish and international financial politics and feminism. She has a Bachelor's degree from Uppsala universitet and has also been a freelance writer for Expressen's culture page. In 2013, the Swedish newspaper Dagens Nyheter awarded Kielos the third annual Lagercrantzen prize for critics. She received the Jolo Prize for Journalism in 2015.
Kielos has interviewed leading economists and investors like Nassim Nicholas Taleb and Steve Eisman as part of her work for the Swedish financial news channel EFN. Her interview with former Greek finance minister Yanis Varoufakis about the European debt crisis has been viewed more than 1 million times on YouTube. In 2015, she was listed as one of BBC's 100 Women.

## Written works

Apart from her journalism, Kielos has also written two books so far. Most famous of these are Det enda könet (The only sex, in Swedish), discusses the relationship between economics and patriarchy, was nominated for the August Prize in 2012. An English translation by Saskia Vogel was published in the United Kingdom under the title Who Cooked Adam Smith's Dinner?. The book has since been translated to 20 languages. Margaret Atwood called it “A smart, funny, readable book on economics, money [and] women.”.

### Who Cooked Adam Smith's Dinner?

The book Who Cooked Adam Smith's Dinner? from 2012 written by Kielos is feminist critique of economics that aims to expose the historical neglect of women's roles, particularly in domestic spheres. Kielos questions the simplistic paradigm of the "economic man" and highlights the influence of neoliberal ideology within contemporary economic thought. She traces the evolution of economics, where a economistic outlook was first seen as absurd and taboo only to gradually become normalized, exemplified by Gary Becker's ideas. Kielos reflects on Keynes' prediction (that was pessimistic in terms of growth) of a world in 2030 where waged work gives way to art, poetry and contemplation, contrasting it with what she refers to as the contemporary obsession with economic thought. She underscores how the notion of the "rational individuals" blinds us to societal issues and as well as comments that "What is good for the rich and powerful is almost always 'good for the economy".

## Personal life

It was reported in 2012 that she was living in Hertfordshire, England. She was formerly married to British garden designer Guy Marçal.
# Opawa, Lower Silesian Voivodeship

Opawa is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Lubawka, within Kamienna Góra County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland.

## Gallery

* Main road
* Houses by the road
* World War I memorial
* Ruin of the manor
* This Kamienna Góra County location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
* ↑ "Główny Urząd Statystyczny" [Central Statistical Office] (in Polish). Select Miejscowości (SIMC) tab, select fragment (min. 3 znaki), enter town name in the field below, click WYSZUKAJ (Search)
# Battle of Hill 187

The Battle of Hill 187 was a battle between Canadian and Chinese forces during the Korean War which took place north of the city of Gapyeong. The Battle of Hill 187 was one of the last major battles of the Korean War.

## First attack

On 2 May 1953, Lieutenant Gerard Balfour Meynell of the 3rd Battalion, Royal Canadian Regiment, was leading a patrol near Hill 187. Chinese forces then attacked Meynell's patrol, killing him and half of the patrol. Remnants of the patrol managed to withdraw to defensive positions on Hill 187.

## Defence of the hill

After a heavy artillery barrage, the Chinese launched numerous human wave attacks in an attempt to take the hill. One wave blew gaps in the wire, another wave threw grenades and the other wave was the assault group. The 81st Field Regiment, RCA, laid down defensive fire in an attempt to keep Chinese forces back. Canadian heavy machine gun, mortar, tank, and artillery fire inflicted heavy casualties on Chinese forces who continued to advance due to their numerical superiority. After reaching the trench line, Chinese soldiers destroyed defensive works and took prisoners and hand-to-hand fighting ensued. In order to prevent a major breakthrough, Lieutenant Edgar Herbet Hollyer ordered artillery to fire on his own position while also ordering his men to retreat into their bunkers. Hollyer survived and was awarded the Military Cross for his actions. Eventually, the Chinese withdrew after Canadian forces reoccupied their positions.

## Casualties
### Canadian

The 3rd RCR's casualties were 26 dead, 27 wounded and 7 captured. Other sources put the 3rd Battalion's casualties at 33 dead, 41 wounded, and 11 missing. Princess Patricia’s Canadian Light Infantry's casualties were 4 dead (2 gunners and 2 soldiers), and 7 wounded. The 81st Field Regiment, RCA, suffered 2 dead. This makes the total number of Canadian casualties during the battle 32–39 dead, 34–45 wounded, 11 missing and 9 captured.

### Chinese

Chinese forces suffered much heavier casualties during the battle. Canadian veteran Donovan Redknap of the 81st Field Regiment, Royal Canadian Artillery, said that the Chinese had "had no regard for casualties, didn’t matter. They just attacked en masse".

## Legacy

The Battle of Hill 187 was one of the last major battles of the Korean War that Canadian forces participated in before the armistice. Retired United States Marine Lieutenant Colonel Jack Ogelsby said that the Battle of Hill 187 "was a very significant battle. It is because the troops survived that and distinguished themselves there that it became part of the regimental lore. The history of the battle is passed on to new members of the Royal Canadian Regiment. The Hill 187 Competition was named in honour of the battle.
# Hans Denver

Hans Peter Christian Denver (28 October 1876 – 18 September 1961) was a Danish sport shooter who competed in the 1912 Summer Olympics.
He was born in Osted, Lejre, and died in Copenhagen.
In 1912, Denver was a member of the Danish team, which finished fifth in the 50 metre team small-bore rifle competition. He also participated in the 300 metre free rifle, three positions event but did not finish the contest.