# 94th New York State Legislature

The 94th New York State Legislature, consisting of the New York State Senate and the New York State Assembly, met from January 3 to April 21, 1871, during the third year of John T. Hoffman's governorship, in Albany.

## Background

Under the provisions of the New York Constitution of 1846, 32 Senators and 128 assemblymen were elected in single-seat districts; senators for a two-year term, assemblymen for a one-year term. The senatorial districts were made up of entire counties, except New York County (five districts) and Kings County (two districts). The Assembly districts were made up of entire towns, or city wards, forming a contiguous area, all within the same county.
At this time there were two major political parties: the Republican Party and the Democratic Party.

## Elections

The 1870 New York state election was held on November 8. Gov. John T. Hoffman and Lt. Gov. Allen C. Beach were re-elected. The other four statewide elective offices up for election were also carried by the Democrats. The approximate party strength at this election, as expressed by the vote for Governor, was: Democrats 399,000 and Republicans 366,000.

## Sessions

The Legislature met for the regular session at the Old State Capitol in Albany on January 3, 1871; and adjourned on April 21.
William Hitchman (D) was re-elected Speaker with 64 votes against 62 for James W. Husted (R).
On April 4, the Legislature re-elected Abram B. Weaver (D) to a second term of three years as Superintendent of Public Instruction.
On April 7, Assemblyman James Irving had an altercation with Assemblyman Smith M. Weed, during which Irving hit Weed forceful in the face. Subsequently, Irving resigned his seat, and the Democrats could not pass any bills anymore, a vote of 65 being required. After a week of deadlock, Republican Assemblyman Orange S. Winans voiced his opinion that the Democrats were entitled to a majority, and voted with them, thus passing the pending bills. Winans was denounced as a traitor, and disappeared from politics.

## State Senate
### Districts

* 1st District: Queens, Richmond and Suffolk counties
* 2nd District: 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 7th, 11th, 13th, 15th, 19th and 20th wards of the City of Brooklyn
* 3rd District: 6th, 8th, 9th, 10th, 12th, 14th, 16th, 17th and 18th wards of the City of Brooklyn; and all towns in Kings County
* 4th District: 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th, 13th and 14th wards of New York City
* 5th District: 8th, 9th, 15th and 16th wards of New York City
* 6th District: 10th, 11th and 17th wards of New York City
* 7th District: 18th, 20th and 21st wards of New York City
* 8th District: 12th, 19th and 22nd wards of New York City
* 9th District: Putnam, Rockland and Westchester counties
* 10th District: Orange and Sullivan counties
* 11th District: Columbia and Dutchess counties
* 12th District: Rensselaer and Washington counties
* 13th District: Albany County
* 14th District: Greene and Ulster counties
* 15th District: Fulton, Hamilton, Montgomery, Saratoga and Schenectady counties
* 16th District: Clinton, Essex and Warren counties
* 17th District: Franklin and St. Lawrence counties
* 18th District: Jefferson and Lewis counties
* 19th District: Oneida County
* 20th District: Herkimer and Otsego counties
* 21st District: Madison and Oswego counties
* 22nd District: Onondaga and Cortland counties
* 23rd District: Chenango, Delaware and Schoharie counties
* 24th District: Broome, Tompkins and Tioga counties
* 25th District: Cayuga and Wayne counties
* 26th District: Ontario, Seneca and Yates counties
* 27th District: Chemung, Schuyler and Steuben counties
* 28th District: Monroe County
* 29th District: Genesee, Niagara and Orleans counties
* 30th District: Allegany, Livingston and Wyoming counties
* 31st District: Erie County
* 32nd District: Cattaraugus and Chautauqua counties

### Members

The asterisk (*) denotes members of the previous Legislature who continued in office as members of this Legislature.
| District | Senator | Party | Notes |
| 1st | Samuel H. Frost* | Democrat | |
| 2nd | James F. Pierce* | Democrat | |
| 3rd | Henry C. Murphy* | Democrat | |
| 4th | William M. Tweed* | Democrat | |
| 5th | Michael Norton* | Democrat | |
| 6th | Thomas J. Creamer* | Democrat | |
| 7th | John J. Bradley* | Democrat | |
| 8th | Henry W. Genet* | Democrat | |
| 9th | William Cauldwell* | Democrat | |
| 10th | William M. Graham* | Democrat | |
| 11th | George Morgan* | Democrat | until March 1871, also Mayor of Poughkeepsie |
| 12th | Francis S. Thayer* | Republican | |
| 13th | A. Bleecker Banks* | Democrat | |
| 14th | Jacob Hardenbergh* | Democrat | |
| 15th | vacant | | Senator Isaiah Blood died on November 29, 1870 |
| 16th | Christopher F. Norton* | Democrat | |
| 17th | Abraham X. Parker* | Republican | |
| 18th | Norris Winslow* | Republican | |
| 19th | George H. Sanford* | Democrat | died on November 25, 1871 |
| 20th | Augustus R. Elwood* | Republican | |
| 21st | William H. Brand* | Republican | |
| 22nd | George N. Kennedy* | Republican | |
| 23rd | John F. Hubbard Jr.* | Democrat | |
| 24th | Orlow W. Chapman* | Republican | |
| 25th | William B. Woodin* | Republican | also Surrogate of Cayuga County |
| 26th | Abraham V. Harpending* | Republican | died on April 23, 1871 |
| 27th | Theodore L. Minier* | Republican | |
| 28th | Jarvis Lord* | Democrat | |
| 29th | George Bowen* | Republican | |
| 30th | James Wood* | Republican | |
| 31st | Loran L. Lewis* | Republican | |
| 32nd | Allen D. Scott* | Republican | |

### Employees

* Clerk: Hiram Calkins
* Sergeant-at-Arms: George Graham
* Assistant Sergeant-at-Arms: Abraham J. Meyers
* Doorkeeper: Alexander H. Waterman
* Assistant Doorkeeper: W. W. McKinney
* Assistant Doorkeeper: John Drew
* Assistant Doorkeeper: Orson Root
* Assistant Doorkeeper: Cornelius V. Simpkins
* Stenographer: Andrew Devine

## State Assembly
### Assemblymen

The asterisk (*) denotes members of the previous Legislature who continued as members of this Legislature.
Party affiliations follow the vote for Speaker.
| District | District | Assemblymen | Party | Notes |
| Albany | 1st | William D. Murphy* | Democrat | |
| Albany | 2nd | Robert C. Blackall | Republican | |
| Albany | 3rd | Edward Coyle | Democrat | |
| Albany | 4th | William D. Sunderlin | Republican | |
| Allegany | Allegany | Charles N. Flenagin* | Republican | |
| Broome | Broome | William M. Ely* | Republican | |
| Cattaraugus | 1st | Claudius V. B. Barse | Republican | |
| Cattaraugus | 2nd | Stephen C. Green* | Republican | |
| Cayuga | 1st | Charles H. Curtis | Democrat | |
| Cayuga | 2nd | Stephen S. Hewitt* | Republican | |
| Chautauqua | 1st | Matthew P. Bemus* | Republican | |
| Chautauqua | 2nd | Orange S. Winans* | Republican | |
| Chemung | Chemung | David B. Hill | Democrat | |
| Chenango | Chenango | Andrew Shepardson | Republican | |
| Clinton | Clinton | Smith M. Weed | Democrat | |
| Columbia | 1st | Benjamin Ray | Democrat | |
| Columbia | 2nd | Perkins F. Cady | Republican | |
| Cortland | Cortland | Henry S. Randall | Democrat | |
| Delaware | 1st | Alpheus Bolt* | Republican | |
| Delaware | 2nd | James H. Graham | Republican | |
| Dutchess | 1st | James A. Seward* | Republican | |
| Dutchess | 2nd | David H. Mulford* | Republican | |
| Erie | 1st | George Chambers | Democrat | |
| Erie | 2nd | John Howell | Democrat | |
| Erie | 3rd | Franklin A. Alberger | Republican | |
| Erie | 4th | Harry B. Ransom* | Democrat | |
| Erie | 5th | John M. Wiley | Democrat | |
| Essex | Essex | Clayton H. DeLano* | Republican | |
| Franklin | Franklin | James H. Pierce* | Republican | |
| Fulton and Hamilton | Fulton and Hamilton | Mortimer Wade | Republican | |
| Genesee | Genesee | Volney G. Knapp | Republican | |
| Greene | Greene | Hiram Van Steenburgh* | Democrat | |
| Herkimer | Herkimer | Daniel A. Northup* | Republican | |
| Jefferson | 1st | Oliver C. Wyman | Republican | |
| Jefferson | 2nd | James Johnson | Republican | |
| Kings | 1st | David C. Aitken | Democrat | |
| Kings | 2nd | Smith C. Baylis | Democrat | |
| Kings | 3rd | Dominick H. Roche | Democrat | |
| Kings | 4th | William W. Moseley* | Democrat | |
| Kings | 5th | William W. Goodrich | Republican | |
| Kings | 6th | Bernard Haver* | Democrat | |
| Kings | 7th | William Wainwright | Democrat | |
| Kings | 8th | Samuel F. Conselyea | Democrat | |
| Kings | 9th | John C. Jacobs* | Democrat | |
| Lewis | Lewis | Joseph Pahud | Republican | |
| Livingston | Livingston | Richard Johnson* | Republican | |
| Madison | 1st | David L. Fisk | Republican | |
| Madison | 2nd | Leonard C. Kilham* | Republican | |
| Monroe | 1st | Richard D. Cole | Democrat | |
| Monroe | 2nd | George D. Lord | Democrat | |
| Monroe | 3rd | Volney P. Brown* | Republican | |
| Montgomery | Montgomery | Webster Wagner | Republican | |
| New York | 1st | Michael Madigan | Democrat | |
| New York | 2nd | Dennis Burns* | Democrat | |
| New York | 3rd | John Hayes | Democrat | |
| New York | 4th | John J. Blair* | Democrat | |
| New York | 5th | George L. Loutrel | Democrat | |
| New York | 6th | Timothy J. Campbell* | Democrat | |
| New York | 7th | John Carey* | Democrat | unsuccessfully contested by Horatio N. Twombly (R) |
| New York | 8th | Martin Nachtmann* | Democrat | |
| New York | 9th | James O'Neill | Democrat | |
| New York | 10th | Christopher Flecke | Democrat | |
| New York | 11th | Lawrence O'Brien | Democrat | |
| New York | 12th | William W. Cook* | Democrat | |
| New York | 13th | Richard Flanagan* | Democrat | |
| New York | 14th | John Tyler Kelly | Democrat | |
| New York | 15th | Alexander Frear* | Democrat | |
| New York | 16th | James Irving* | Democrat | resigned his seat on April 10 |
| New York | 17th | Edmond Connelly | Democrat | |
| New York | 18th | Leander Buck | Democrat | |
| New York | 19th | Thomas C. Fields* | Democrat | |
| New York | 20th | John Brown* | Democrat | |
| New York | 21st | William Hitchman* | Democrat | re-elected Speaker |
| Niagara | 1st | John E. Pound | Republican | |
| Niagara | 2nd | Lee R. Sanborn* | Republican | |
| Oneida | 1st | George W. Chadwick | Republican | |
| Oneida | 2nd | Sidney A. Bunce | Republican | |
| Oneida | 3rd | Thomas Mulhall | Democrat | |
| Oneida | 4th | Isaac McDougal | Republican | |
| Onondaga | 1st | Thomas G. Alvord* | Republican | |
| Onondaga | 2nd | Peter Burns | Republican | |
| Onondaga | 3rd | Gustavus Sniper* | Republican | |
| Ontario | 1st | George W. Nicholas | Democrat | |
| Ontario | 2nd | David E. Wilson* | Republican | |
| Orange | 1st | Robert H. Strahan | Republican | |
| Orange | 2nd | Isaac V. Montanye | Democrat | |
| Orleans | Orleans | John Berry* | Republican | |
| Oswego | 1st | DeWitt C. Littlejohn* | Republican | |
| Oswego | 2nd | Abraham Howe* | Democrat | |
| Oswego | 3rd | Chauncey S. Sage | Republican | |
| Otsego | 1st | Alfred Chamberlain | Democrat | |
| Otsego | 2nd | J. Lee Tucker | Republican | |
| Putnam | Putnam | Sarles Drew | Democrat | |
| Queens | 1st | L. Bradford Prince | Republican | |
| Queens | 2nd | James M. Oakley | Democrat | |
| Rensselaer | 1st | John L. Flagg* | Democrat | |
| Rensselaer | 2nd | Horace C. Gifford | Republican | |
| Rensselaer | 3rd | Sylvester Waterbury | Democrat | |
| Richmond | Richmond | John Decker* | Democrat | |
| Rockland | Rockland | James M. Nelson* | Democrat | |
| St. Lawrence | 1st | George M. Gleason* | Republican | |
| St. Lawrence | 2nd | Dolphus S. Lynde | Republican | |
| St. Lawrence | 3rd | William Bradford* | Republican | |
| Saratoga | 1st | Isaiah Fuller* | Democrat | |
| Saratoga | 2nd | Joseph W. Hill | Republican | |
| Schenectady | Schenectady | Gershom Banker* | Democrat | |
| Schoharie | Schoharie | Silas Sweet* | Democrat | |
| Schuyler | Schuyler | William C. Coon* | Democrat | |
| Seneca | Seneca | Sanford R. Ten Eyck | Democrat | |
| Steuben | 1st | James G. Bennett* | Democrat | |
| Steuben | 2nd | Alvin C. Barney | Republican | |
| Suffolk | Suffolk | George F. Carman | Republican | |
| Sullivan | Sullivan | Frank Buckley | Democrat | |
| Tioga | Tioga | Burnett B. Bignall | Republican | |
| Tompkins | Tompkins | John H. Selkreg* | Republican | |
| Ulster | 1st | Cyrus Burhans | Republican | |
| Ulster | 2nd | C. Meech Woolsey | Republican | |
| Ulster | 3rd | Charles H. Krack* | Democrat | |
| Warren | Warren | Duncan Griffin | Democrat | |
| Washington | 1st | Thomas Stevenson* | Republican | |
| Washington | 2nd | Isaac V. Baker Jr.* | Republican | |
| Wayne | 1st | Anson S. Wood* | Republican | |
| Wayne | 2nd | Henry R. Durfee | Republican | |
| Westchester | 1st | G. Hilton Scribner | Republican | on November 7, 1871, elected Secretary of State of New York |
| Westchester | 2nd | Alfred W. Bartlett | Democrat | |
| Westchester | 3rd | James W. Husted* | Republican | |
| Wyoming | Wyoming | Henry S. Joy | Democrat | |
| Yates | Yates | George P. Lord | Republican | |

### Employees

* Clerk: Cornelius W. Armstrong
* Sergeant-at-Arms: Jeriah G. Rhoads
* Doorkeeper: Andrew S. Scobey
* First Assistant Doorkeeper: James Keenan
* Second Assistant Doorkeeper: Allen W. Seaman