OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Prostitution in Kuwait

Prostitution in Kuwait is illegal, but common. Most of the prostitutes are foreign nationals.
Law enforcement usually deports prostitutes or makes them sign a "good conduct pledge" before release. Those running prostitution rings normally receive jail sentences. There are allegations that some police received bribes from brothels and warn them of upcoming raids.
Different nationalities of prostitutes and their controlling pimps tend to be found in different areas. Filipinos in Ahmadi Governorate, Ethiopians in Hawalli Governorate, and Indians, Sri Lankans and Bangladeshis in Farwaniya Governorate and part of Salmiya. Indians and Chinese work the malls in Salmiya. South Korean prostitutes also work in Kuwait. There are also Arab, Central Asian and Eastern European prostitutes in the country.
Brothels are known to exist in Al Jahra, Hawalli, Jleeb Al-Shuyoukh, Salmiya, Fahaheel, Fintas and Jabriya.

## History

During the era of slavery in Kuwait, prostitution was connected to slavery. The Islamic Law formally prohibited prostitution. However, since the principle of concubinage in Islam in Islamic Law allowed a man to have intercourse with his female slave, prostitution was practiced by a pimp selling his female slave on the slave market to a client, who was allowed to have intercourse with her as her new owner, and who after intercourse returned his ownership of her to her pimp on the pretext of discontent, which was a legal and accepted method for prostitution in the Islamic world. Slavery in Kuwait was however abolished in 1949.

## Sex trafficking

Kuwait is a destination country for men and women subjected to forced prostitution. Kuwait's sponsorship law—which ties a migrant worker's legal residence and valid immigration status to an employer, restricts workers’ movements and penalises them for leaving abusive workplaces. Sources report runaway domestic workers are sometimes exploited in forced prostitution by agents or criminals, who manipulate their illegal status.
In 2016, the government investigated six potential sex trafficking cases and prosecuted 15 suspects, compared to six cases investigated and 20 suspects prosecuted during the previous reporting period. Seven prosecutions from 2015 remained pending at the close of the reporting year. The government achieved nine convictions, including one Kuwaiti citizen—under the anti-trafficking law, on par with eight convictions the previous year; five accused traffickers were acquitted.
The United States Department of State Office to Monitor and Combat Trafficking in Persons ranks Kuwait as a 'Tier 2 Watch List' country.
# Pogalewo Wielkie

Pogalewo Wielkie is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Brzeg Dolny, within Wołów County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland.
# Carol Bolt Award

The Carol Bolt Award is an annual Canadian literary award. Presented by the Playwrights Guild of Canada, the award is bestowed for a theatrical play premiere by a PGC member, judged to be the year's best. The award is named in memory of Canadian playwright, Carol Bolt.

## Winners

* 2002 - Kent Stetson, The Harps of God
* 2003 - Daniel Goldfarb, Adam Baum and the Jew Movie
* 2004 - Florence Gibson, Home Is My Road
* 2005 - Mieko Ouchi, The Red Priest (Eight Ways To Say Goodbye)
* 2006 - John Mighton, Half Life
* 2007 - Stephen Massicotte, The Oxford Roof Climber's Rebellion
* 2008 - Colleen Murphy, The December Man
* 2009 - Vern Thiessen, Vimy
* 2010 - Michael Nathanson, Talk
* 2011 - Anusree Roy, Brothel #9
* 2012 - Don Hannah, The Cave Painter
* 2013 - David Yee, carried away on the crest of a wave
* 2014 - Colleen Murphy, Pig Girl
* 2015 - Jordan Tannahill, Concord Floral
* 2016 - Lisa Codrington, Up the Garden Path
* 2017 - Kate Hennig, The Virgin Trial
* 2018 - Matthew MacKenzie, Bears
* 2019 - Amy Rutherford, Mortified
* 2020 - Keith Barker, This Is How We Got Here
* 2021 - No award was presented this year due to the COVID-19 pandemic
* 2022 - No award was presented this year due to the COVID-19 pandemic
* 2023 - Natalie Meisner, Legislating Love: The Everett Klippert Story
* 2024 - Donna-Michelle St. Bernard, Diggers
# MRI (disambiguation)

Magnetic resonance imaging is a medical imaging technique
MRI can also refer to:

## Science, healthcare, and technology

* Magnetic Resonance Imaging (journal), a scientific journal
* Magnetorotational instability, in astrophysics
* Meuse-Rhine-Issel, a breed of cattle
* Monoamine reuptake inhibitor, a type of drug class, primarily for use as antidepressants
* Ruby MRI (Matz's Ruby Interpreter), the reference implementation of the Ruby programming language

## Places

* Manchester Royal Infirmary, a hospital in Manchester, England
* Manggarai railway station, a railway station in Jakarta, Indonesia (station code MRI)
* Maritime Rescue Institute, a former maritime training and rescue charity
* Mauritius, IOC country code
* Max Rubner Institute, a government health agency in Germany
* Member of the Royal Institution of Great Britain
* Mental Research Institute, Palo Alto, California, USA
* Merrill Field, airport in Alaska, IATA code
* Microwave Research Institute, now called Weber Research Institute, a research group at the Polytechnic Institute of New York University
* Midwest Research Institute, based in Kansas City, Missouri, USA

## Organizations

* Magnum Research, Inc., an American firearm manufacturer

## Other uses

* Mri (fictional alien species), in the Faded Sun Trilogy
* mri, ISO 639-3 code for the Māori language
# Happy Valley (film)

Happy Valley is a 2014 American documentary film, written and directed by Amir Bar-Lev. The film had its world premiere at 2014 Sundance Film Festival on January 19, 2014.
The film later screened at 2014 Sarasota Film Festival and won the jury award at the festival.

## Synopsis

The film narrates the event at The Pennsylvania State University, when in November 2011 the former long-time defensive coordinator of school's football team, Jerry Sandusky, was charged with 40 counts of child sex abuse, setting off a firestorm of accusations about who failed to protect the children.

## Reception

Happy Valley received positive reviews from critics. Justin Chang of Variety said in his review that "Amir Bar-Lev offers a typically gripping and thoughtful take on the Penn State scandal." John DeFore, in his review for The Hollywood Reporter, praised the film, saying that "Amir Bar-Lev's Happy Valley is more concerned with the phenomenon of team spirit than any single question of fact or moral judgment." Eric Kohn Vaughan of Indiewire graded the film with a B+ and said, "Happy Valley turns the tables on the national perception of the scandal. Looking directly into the camera after the team has been banned by the league, one supporter shouts, 'Stop putting all the bad stuff on TV!' The words resonate for anyone who has followed the headlines from the past several years. Watching Happy Valley, it's hard not to feel complicit in the university's weakened state."

## Accolades

| Year | Award | Category | Recipient | Result |
| 2014 | Sarasota Film Festival | Best Documentary Feature - Jury Prize | Amir Bar-Lev | Won |
# 1947 Wichita Shockers football team

The 1947 Wichita Shockers football team was an American football team that represented the Municipal University of Wichita (now known as Wichita State University) as a member of the Missouri Valley Conference during the 1947 college football season. In its third and final season under head coach Ralph Graham, the team compiled a 7–4 record (2–1 against MVC opponents), finished second in the conference, lost to Pacific in the Raisin Bowl, and outscored opponents by a total of 271 to 115. The team was led on offense by halfback Linwood Sexton and fullback Anton Houlik. Sexton was one of the first African-American players in the Missouri Valley Conference.
Wichita was ranked at No. 85 (out of 500 college football teams) in the final Litkenhous Ratings for 1947.
They played their home games at Veterans Field, now known as Cessna Stadium.

## Schedule

| Date | Opponent | Site | Result | Attendance |
| September 20 | Central Missouri State* | Veterans FieldWichita, KS | W 33–0 | |
| September 27 | at Utah State* | Aggie StadiumLogan, UT | L 6–21 | 10,000 |
| October 4 | Bradley* | Veterans FieldWichita, KS | W 28–7 | |
| October 11 | Drake | Veterans FieldWichita, KS | W 21–13 | |
| October 18 | Abilene Christian* | Veterans FieldWichita, KS | W 7–0 | |
| October 25 | Arizona State–Flagstaff* | Veterans FieldWichita, KS | W 55–7 | |
| November 1 | at Tulsa | Skelly StadiumTulsa, OK | L 0–7 | 9,000 |
| November 8 | at Saint Louis | Walsh StadiumSt. Louis, MO | W 38–6 | |
| November 15 | Miami (OH)* | Veterans FieldWichita, KS | L 7–22 | 9,000 |
| November 27 | Colorado College* | Veterans FieldWichita, KS | W 62–6 | 7,000 |
| January 1, 1948 | vs. Pacific (CA)* | Ratcliffe StadiumFresno, CA (Raisin Bowl) | L 14–26 | 13,000 |
| *Non-conference game ||||||
# Doug Legursky

Wayne Douglas Legursky II (born June 9, 1986) is an American former professional football center. He was signed by the Steelers as an undrafted free agent in 2008. He played college football at Marshall.
Legursky also played for the Buffalo Bills and San Diego Chargers.

## Early life

He played at Woodrow Wilson High School in Beckley, West Virginia. The 2003 Hunt Award Winner as the best lineman in the state of West Virginia, was awarded to Legursky. On September 4, 2009, Legursky was inducted to the Woodrow Wilson Football Hall Of Fame.

## College career

He set two Marshall weight room records for the squat (705 lbs.) and the hang clean (430 lbs.) as a three-year starter at Marshall.

## Professional career
### Pittsburgh Steelers (first stint)

Legursky signed with the Pittsburgh Steelers as an undrafted free agent on April 28, 2008. He was released on June 28 but re-signed the following day. Legursky was released by the team during final cuts on August 30, but re-signed to the team's practice squad on October 1 after guard Kendall Simmons was placed on injured reserve.
Legursky replaced Pouncey during the Steelers's 24-19 AFC Championship Game win on January 23, 2011. Legursky started his very first game at center in Super Bowl XLV due to Pro Bowl rookie Maurkice Pouncey's ankle injury. Although Legursky fumbled a snap to quarterback Ben Roethlisberger on the goal line resulting in a Jets safety, he helped RB Rashard Mendenhall run for a playoff career-high 121 yards and one touchdown. The Steelers lost to the Green Bay Packers 31–25 in Super Bowl XLV. After not being re-signed by the Steelers after the 2010–2011 season, Legursky became an unrestricted free agent.

### Buffalo Bills

On June 5, 2013, Legursky signed with the Buffalo Bills.

### San Diego Chargers

On September 11, 2014, Legursky signed with the San Diego Chargers. He replaced Nick Hardwick, who had been injured and out for the rest of the season.

### Pittsburgh Steelers (second stint)

On August 25, 2015, it was announced that the Steelers had re-signed Legursky. He was released on September 5, 2015 but re-signed the next day after Maurkice Pouncey was placed on injured reserve.
# Encyclopædia Universalis

The Encyclopædia Universalis is a French-language general encyclopedia published by Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., a privately held company. The articles of the Encyclopædia Universalis are aimed at educated adult readers, and written by a staff of full-time editors and expert contributors.

## History

The Encyclopædia Universalis was originally published by the publishing company Encyclopædia Universalis SA. This company was created in 1966 by a specialist in publishing and selling books and collections by mail order, the French Book Club (CFL), owned by the Aubry family, as well as Encyclopædia Britannica Inc. (publisher of the Encyclopædia Britannica), the most famous English-language encyclopedia, owned at the time by the Foundation of the University of Chicago. This joint ventureà 50/50 was intended to combine the skills of the two shareholders in each of the two forms of distribution then essential for encyclopedias: mail order on the one hand and door-to-door sales on the other hand, a specialty of American society.
This formula, as well as the quality of the successive versions of the Encyclopædia Universalis, the first volume of which appeared in 1968 under the direction of Claude Grégory with graphic design by Pierre Faucheux, enabled remarkable commercial success until the early 1990s, when sales began to decline.
During the second half of the 1990s, the introduction and rapid improvement of electronic versions of the encyclopedia, using editorial funds from the paper version enriched with numerous specific contributions, under the leadership of its president Pierre Le Manh and the editorial director Louis Lecomte, allowed the Encyclopædia Universalis to experience a second period of success and growth. On the other hand, this transformation had the effect of modifying the economic balance between the distribution networks, thus leading to growing conflicts between the shareholders, the departure in the early 2000s of several directors to other areas and the appointment - on demand of Britannica - from a receiver who managed the company until July 2005, when the French Book Club finally sold its shares to Encyclopædia Britannica Inc. at the end of an auction process, after forty years of partnership.
# Kelana United F.C.

Kelana United Football Club, simply known as the Kelana United, is a Malaysian football club based in Kelana Jaya, Selangor, which plays in the fifth-tier Selangor League. Tengku Shariffuddin Shah Tengku Sulaiman Shah acts as a patron of Kelana United FC. The club's home ground is the 1,000-capacity Arena MBSJ, Subang Jaya, Selangor.

## History

Founded in 2019, the club joined several competitions organized by the Football Association of Selangor. Kelana United FC also sent women's team to the Malaysia National Women's League in 2023 and 2024.

## Technical staff

    As of 5 July 2024
* Team manager: Nor Syazwani Din
* Assistant team manager: Shaiful Yazan Kamaruddin
* Head coach: Fairuz Montana
* Goalkeeping coach: Mohd Fahmi Mohd Isa
* Physio: Mohd Nazir Shaharuddin
* Kitman: Mohamad Ashraf Ahmad Hisham

## Other sections

On 21 December 2024, Kelana United was crowned as champion of the Malaysia National Women's League for the first time in the club's history, and qualified for the 2025–26 AFC Women's Champions League Preliminary stage.

## Honours
### Domestic competitions

* Malaysia National Women's League
    Winners (1): 2024
       Runners-up (1): 2023
# Niger Delta red colobus

The Niger Delta red colobus (Piliocolobus epieni) is a critically endangered species of colobus monkey endemic to the western part of the Niger Delta. It is threatened by hunting and habitat loss.

## Taxonomy

From the time it first became known to science (in 1993) until 2007 or 2008, it was considered a subspecies of the western red colobus (Procolobus badius) and more recently Pennant's colobus (Procolobus pennantii), and its trinomial name was Procolobus badius epieni or Procolobus pennantii epieni. Colin Groves recognized the Niger Delta red colobus as a full species in 2007, although Groves considered all the red colobus monkeys, including the Niger Delta red colobus to be in the genus Piliocolobus, rather than Procolobus (this nomenclature has been followed here). However, other authors consider Piliocolobus to be a subgenus of Procolobus.

## Description

The Niger Delta red colobus is black on top from the head to the rump, becoming orange-brown on the sides and outer legs. The undersides and inner legs, and most of the arms are white. The hands and feet are black. The tail is red-brown on top and chestnut or maroon below, becoming darker towards the tip. It has white whiskers.

## Distribution

The Niger Delta red colobus is found only in the western part of the Niger Delta. It is restricted to marsh forest, that is, forest with a high water table year round but no significant flooding. It shares this habitat with several other primate species, including the Nigerian white-throated guenon (Cercopithecus erythrogaster pococki), the red-capped mangabey (Cercocebus torquatus), the putty-nosed monkey (Cercopithecus nictitans), the mona monkey (Cercopithecus mona), and maybe also the olive colobus (Procolobus verus).

## Status

When it was first discovered, the Niger Delta red colobus was locally common but under some pressure from deforestation, especially logging of Hallea ledermannii, which is an important food tree for the monkey. Since then, pressure from bushmeat hunting and logging has increased. Red colobus monkeys generally appear to be particularly sensitive to hunting and habitat disturbance, hence concerns that the species may be on the verge of extinction.
The Niger Delta red colobus was still found in the Edumanom Forest Reserve in 2008. However, as of 2008, the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) considers it critically endangered, due a reduction in population of more than 80% over the past 30 years largely caused by hunting and habitat loss. In 2010, the Niger Delta red colobus was included in the list of The World’s 25 Most Endangered Primates, published by the IUCN and other organizations.
# The Deluge (Tooze book)

The Deluge: The Great War, America and the Remaking of the Global Order, 1916–1931 is a history book by Adam Tooze first published by Allen Lane in 2014.

## Reception

The book was widely reviewed. On The Omnivore, based on British press, the book received an "omniscore" of 4.5 out of 5.
The Guardian called it a "bold analysis". The Daily Telegraph called it "a formidable achievement".
However, the book was also criticised by Kevin Matthews of George Mason University for being "shot through with misstatements, contradictions, inconsistencies and other, basic, errors". Matthews singled out interpretive errors primarily about events in British history, including the 1906 British election, the 1916 Irish uprising and the 1923 British election. He also criticised weak primary source attribution by Tooze.
During an interview with Aaron Bastani for Novara Media in 2023, Peter Hitchens said that The Deluge "must be one of the best history books ever written".
# Megasaurus

Megasaurus and Transaurus are transforming robotic dinosaurs. Megasaurus is owned by Mike West and Transaurus is owned by Rick and Sheri Dorritie. They are modeled after a Tyrannosaurus rex and have hydraulically activated arms, grasping claws, and jaws, as well as flame throwers set up in the head to give the effect of breathing fire from the mouth. They both fold up into a vehicle based on a tank and when the robots perform they initially appear as a box on tracks decorated as either a military vehicle (Megasaurus) or a dinosaur (Transaurus). Each robot is roughly 30 feet tall at maximum extension. They are used primarily to destroy cars by "eating" them (ripping them apart with the claws and jaws) at motorsport events, especially monster truck competitions.
Although owned by different parties, both robots were built by the same company and operate and look almost identical, except for decoration. The robots have similar opening backstories used at shows while they are transforming, and the backstories reference both robots.
Both robots are smaller imitations of the original Robosaurus, which was designed in 1988.
Megasaurus was featured on Extreme Makeover: Home Edition on January 18, 2009, where it was used to demolish the house of the Drumm family.
# Jim Milburn

James Milburn (21 September 1919 – 1 January 1985) was an English professional footballer who played as a left-back for Leeds United (220 appearances, 17 goals) and Bradford Park Avenue (90 appearances, 10 goals).
He was a member of the famous Milburn footballing clan. His cousin Jackie, known as Wor Jackie, played for Newcastle United. Other members of the Milburn family included brothers Jack (Leeds United and Bradford City), George (Leeds United and Chesterfield) and Stan (Chesterfield, Leicester City and Rochdale).
# Elizabeth Shove

Elizabeth Shove (born 7 November 1959) is a British sociologist who has written about social practice theory, consumption, everyday life and energy demand. She is Director of the Centre on the Dynamics of Energy, Mobility and Demand (DEMAND) at Lancaster University. The DEMAND Centre is one of six End Use Energy Demand Centres.

## Early life

Shove was born on 7 November 1959 in Guildford, the daughter of John and Jocelyn Shove. She attended Godalming Grammar School and then York University, where she received a BA and then a PhD in 1986.

## Career

She was a research fellow at the Institute of Advanced Architectural Studies at York University from 1986 to 1992. She then became a senior lecturer at the University of Sunderland from 1992 to 1995. Shove joined Lancaster University in 1995 as the deputy director for the Centre for the Study of Environmental Change, until 1998 when she became director of the Centre for Science Studies. She has been part of the department of sociology at the university since 2000.
Shove's research on energy spans 25 years during which time she has held research awards from the Building Research Establishment, the European Union, the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council, the European Social Fund, the Economic and Social Research Council, the Department of Education, the Department of Transport, Transport for London and Unilever. She is author/co-author of 9 books, including Sustainable Practices (2013: Routledge), The Dynamics of Social Practice (2012: Sage), and Comfort, Cleanliness and Convenience (2003: Berg).
Additionally, throughout her career she has explored the relationship between sociological theories and design methods.

## Policy impact

On 15 September Shove gave evidence at the House of Lords to a Design Commission enquiry on design and behaviour in the built environment. She was invited in response to an official submission to the enquiry.
Shove is a regular contributor to The Conversation and a contributor to the World Economic Forum's Agenda and The Guardian.

## Selected publications

* Shove, E., Pantzar, M., Watson, M. (2012). The Dynamics of Social Practice, Sage: London.
* Shove, E. (2010). Beyond the ABC: climate change policy and theories of social change. Environment and planning A 42 (6), 1273–1285.
* Shove, E., Walker, G. (2007). CAUTION! Transitions ahead: politics, practice, and sustainable transition management. Environment and Planning A 39 (4), 763–770.
* Shove, E., Pantzar, M. (2005). Consumers, Producers and Practices Understanding the invention and reinvention of Nordic walking. Journal of consumer culture 5 (1), 43–64.
* Cass, N., Shove, E. & Urry, J. Social exclusion, mobility and access (2005). The sociological review 53 (3), 539-555http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1467-954X.2005.00565.x/abstract.
# Abdullah Goran

Abdulla Goran (Kurdish: عەبدوڵڵا گۆران, b. in 1904 in Halabja, Ottoman Empire, d. 1962 in Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan Region of Iraq) was a leading Kurdish poet and translator of the 20th century.

## Biography

Abdulla was born in Halabja in 1904 and received his education in local schools and the pedagogical institute in Kirkuk. As a teacher in Kirkuk, he continued his self-education by learning new languages and studying Turkish and Western literature. He took part in radical political and social causes in the 1930s and was frequently arrested until the 14 July Revolution in 1958. He spent much effort on creating a single Kurdish literary language by merging the two Kurdish dialects Kurmanji and Sorani. He was moreover a skilled translator and translated texts from English, French, Persian and Turkish to Kurdish. He died in 1962 in Sulaymaniyah.

## Poetry

Goran combined traditional Kurdish classical and folk verses with contemporary lyricism and diversified the subject matter. He introduced blank verse, prose poem, and new rhyme schemes and abandoned the aruz.