OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# L'Essor (artist group)

L'Essor (, French) was an association of visual artists in Brussels, active from 1876 to 1891. Its original aim was to rebel against the conservative tendencies of the art institutions and circles in Brussels.

## History

L'Essor came into existence under the name "Cercle des Elèves et Anciens Elèves des Académies des Beaux-Arts de Bruxelles" ("Circle of alumni and students of the Academies of Fine Arts in Brussels") in 1876. Only in November 1879 was the association's name changed to 'L'Essor', a French word meaning 'rising' or 'booming'. The name thus ceased its reference to the academic institutions in Brussels.
Its motto was "a unique art, one life", indicating its focus on the unity between Art and Life.
The founders were seen as progressives who wished to rebel against bourgeois and conservative literary and artistic circles of Brussels. In reality l'Essor had no real program and would eventually encompass artists from the avant-garde and the more conservative circles.

## Members of L'Essor

Louis Cambier, Léon Herbo, Henri Permeke (father of Constant Permeke), Louis Pion and Franz Seghers, are among the founders of L'Essor. When changing the name to l'Essor, Emile Hoeterickx, Julien Dillens, Amédée Lynen and Auguste-Ernest Sembach joined the group.
Gradually, other artists joined l'Essor including Fernand Khnopff (a first time participant in a l'Essor exhibition in 1881), Frantz Charlet, James Ensor, Darío de Regoyos, Albert Baertsoen, Frans Van Leemputten, John Mayne, Théo van Rysselberghe, Willy Schlobach, Guillaume Vogels, Léon Frédéric, François-Joseph Halkett, Peter George, Adolphe Hamesse, Alexandre Hannotiau, Léon Houyoux, Antoine Lacroix, Charles Goethals, Marie de Bièvre, Ernest de Bièvre, Jan Toorop and Agapit Stevens.

## Split and creation of the group Les XX and For Art

In 1883, a few artists left the movement after a disagreement in order to create a new artistic group Les XX. This dissatisfaction has come primarily from the fact that l'Essor had no real program and welcomed both realistic and traditional artists than avant-garde.
l'Essor was officially dissolved in 1891.
The association of artists Pour l'Art, also emerged in 1892.
# Bal Singh

Bal Singh is an Indian communist politician and a tribal leader from Chhattisgarh. He is currently serving as the secretary of the Chhattisgarh state unit of Communist Party of India (Marxist).

## Political career

Bal Singh is a dedicated advocate for tribal rights, having worked closely with the Adivasi Adhikar Rashtriya Manch, the tribal wing of the Communist Party of India (Marxist). His efforts focus on addressing pressing concerns such as land rights, preservation of tribal culture, and the impact of development policies on indigenous populations. A strong proponent of social justice, Singh is committed to protecting tribal communities from exploitation and violence, ensuring their rights are respected and protected.

## Electoral performance

He contested as CPI(M) candidate from Sarguja constituency in 2009 Indian general election. But he got 11,667 votes which were 1.45% of the total votes polled in that constituency and stood at 6th position.
2009 Indian general elections : Sarguja :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | BJP | Murarilal Singh | 416,532 | 51.73 |
| | INC | Bhanu Pratap Singh | 2,56,984 | 31.92 |
| | BSP | Dhan Singh Dhurve | 20,700 | 2.57 |
| | IND. | Suraj Deo Singh Khairwar | 20,488 | 2.54 |
| | JMM | Anoop Minj | 15,021 | 1.87 |
| | CPI(M) | Bal Singh | 11,667 | 1.45 |
| | GGP | Bhupnath Singh Maravi | 8,827 | 1.10 |
| | LJP | Somnath Bhagat | 4,278 | 0.53 |
| | JD(U) | Kumait B.D.O. | 4,261 | 0.53 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 1,59,548 | 19.81 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 8,05,202 | 61.62 |
| | BJP hold | BJP hold | Swing | |
# The Potter's House (school)

The Potter's House is a K-12 private Christian school in Michigan. The elementary and middle school campus is in Grand Rapids and the high school campus is in Wyoming. As of 2017 the superintendent is John Booy.
U.S. Secretary of Education Betsy DeVos and Dick DeVos funded its technological features, and Emily DeRuy wrote in The Atlantic that the couple "have contributed hundreds of thousands of dollars and countless volunteer hours."

## Demographics

As of 2017 the institution had a total has 650 students with origins from 37 countries, and about 250 of them were in the high school. There is around 400 in the elementary and middle. 30% of the total enrolled students in the system have command of the Spanish language. As of 2017 over 200 students are on a waiting list to get in.

## Operations

The school has a creed that parents and teachers are required to agree to. Booy states that the involvement from these two groups are crucial to the school's success.
# Mangrulpir

Mangrulpir is a town in the Washim District of Maharashtra, India. It is also the town of Taluka/Tehsil level of administration under the district. It is well known for Dada Hayat Qalandar Dargah and Shree Birbalnath Maharaj temple. The town has a municipality council.

## Municipality

The Municipality at Mangrulpir is the youngest in the district. The Municipality was established at Mangrulpir in 1959 and is governed under the Maharashtra Municipalities Act, 1965. It covered an area of 11.76 square km. The Municipal council is composed 10 members for the scheduled castes or the scheduled tribes, or for women.

## Places to Visit

There are historic places of interest such as
* Dargah of Hazrat Sayyad Ahmad Kabeer and other Muslim saints and peers. The town is called Mangrulpir on account of these associations.
* The temple dedicated to Birbalnath Maharaj who hailed from Punjab and took samadhi on February 4, 1928. An annual fair is held in honour of Birbalnath Maharaj on Magha Shuddha Panchami to Mahashivratri in the months of February–March. About 10 to 12 thousand people assemble at the
time of the fair.

## Population

| Year | Male | Female | Total Population | Change | Religion (%) | Religion (%) | Religion (%) | Religion (%) | Religion (%) | Religion (%) | Religion (%) | Religion (%) |
| Year | Male | Female | Total Population | Change | Hindu | Muslim | Christian | Sikhs | Buddhist | Jain | Other religions and persuasions | Religion not stated |
| 2001 | 14429 | 13386 | 27815 | - | 46.914 | 43.638 | 0.029 | 0.022 | 8.330 | 0.942 | 0.032 | 0.093 |
| 2011 | 15963 | 15020 | 30983 | 0.114 | 41.662 | 49.776 | 0.116 | 0.013 | 7.523 | 0.762 | 0.003 | 0.145 |

## Geography

Mangrulpir has coordinates 77.346789°E 20.310143°N. Mangrulpir town is located in Washim district. The whole region lies on the deccan plateau. It has an altitude of 429m. The town is 40 km from district headquarter and 671 km from state capital Mumbai. It is an important town in the district. Mangrulpir Tehsil has a strong rural network. Washim is nearest railway station.

## Climate

This town has a tropical savannah climate. The Köppen-Geiger climate classification is Aw. Although temperatures remain warm to hot throughout the year, the period between October and February experiences cold temperatures during nights. Mid-February to May is hot and dry. Humidity starts increasing with the advent of Indian South-West Monsoon from June. Early June to Early October sees heavy rainfall in spells.
Climate data for Mangrulpir Raingauge Station :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Average rainfall inches (mm) | 0.44 (11.3) | 0.31 (7.9) | 0.35 (8.8) | 0.23 (5.9) | 0.35 (8.9) | 5.93 (150.5) | 9.80 (249.0) | 8.59 (218.2) | 6.34 (161.0) | 2.02 (51.3) | 0.60 (15.3) | 0.20 (5.2) | 35.17 (893.3) |
| Source: IMD Pune ||||||||||||||
# Rhode Island Office of Library and Information Services

The Rhode Island Office of Library and Information Services is the state library agency of Rhode Island, located in Providence, Rhode Island. It creates and maintains plans for library development statewide, administers the interlibrary loan program, and plans resource sharing to serve the libraries of the state. OLIS also offers services to the public including through the Talking Books Library, the Statewide Reference Resource Center (AskRI), and directories of government and library services in Rhode Island. The Library Board of Rhode Island, made up of citizens and representatives from all types of libraries and appointed by the Governor, advises OLIS.
Rhode Island also has a State Library which is a Federal Depository Library as well as a non-circulating library with a collection that is collection that is primarily legislation-related. It is housed inside the Rhode Island State House.

## History

The State Board of Education in Rhode Island was created in 1870 which disbursed some funds to public libraries. By 1935, the Rhode Island State Library was administering state aid for community libraries and library extension service. The Department of State Library Services (now OLIS) was founded in 1964 as a result of legislation initiated by the Rhode Island Library Association, taking over some of these roles from the State Library.
# Antero Laukkanen

Antero Jorma Laukkanen (30 May 1958 – 13 December 2024) was a Finnish pastor and politician who represented the Christian Democrats in the City Council of Espoo from 2001 until 2023 and in the Parliament of Finland from 2015 until 2023. He was elected to the Parliament from the Uusimaa constituency in the 2015 elections with 2,520 votes.
Laukkanen was born in Kouvola. He was the founder of the Majakka Church (Lighthouse Church) in Espoo and he served the church as a pastor. Laukkanen died in Espoo, Uusimaa on 13 December 2024, at the age of 66.
# Gilgit River

The Gilgit River (Urdu: دریائے گلگت Urdu pronunciation:) is a tributary of the Indus River, flowing through various districts of Pakistan's Gilgit-Baltistan region, including Gupis-Yasin, Ghizer and Gilgit. The Gilgit River originates from Shandur Lake and proceeds to join the Indus River near the towns of Juglot and Bunji. This confluence is believed to mark the meeting point of three prominent mountain ranges: the Hindu Kush, the Himalayas, and the Karakoram.
The upper sections of the Gilgit River are referred to as the Gupis River and Ghizer River.
# Divine surprise

The "divine surprise" is an expression used by the French journalist and politician Charles Maurras, director of L'Action française. The phrase originally celebrated the rise to power of Marshal Pétain on 11 July 1940. Today, it is mainly used to emphasize the unexpected and striking nature of an event.

## Overview
### Context

The Vote of full constituent powers to Philippe Pétain took place on 10 July 1940. The following day, Pétain declared himself the head of the French State and assumed full powers. He proclaimed the National Revolution, which Maurras praised as early as July 1940.
The phrase "divine surprise" was first written by Maurras in the weekly Candide on 15 January 1941, celebrating the rise of Marshal Pétain to the leadership of a state "in which Jews and immigrants would no longer be masters, leaders, or beneficiaries," due to the "suicide" of republican democracy in July 1940. He further elaborated on this phrase in Le Petit Marseillais on 9 February 1941. He referenced it again in April 1941 in an article in L'Action française to clarify its meaning and respond to criticism. Finally, Maurras reiterated the expression in his book De la colère à la justice, published in 1942.

### Analysis

Historian Olivier Dard notes that the phrase "does not refer to the defeat and collapse of the Republic but to 'the man everyone trusted,' Marshal Pétain".
Journalist François Honti confirms that Maurras did not rejoice in France's defeat by Nazi Germany but commented only on "the fact that in their misfortune the French found in Pétain a leader around whom they could rally".
For sociologist Julien Damon, Maurras viewed Pétain's rise to power as "a revenge on the Revolution—according to him the greatest misfortune in history, the main cause of the dissolution of social bonds—and on the Republic—according to him responsible for all ills, particularly the defeat of 1940".

## Legacy

The phrase is sometimes used in common language to emphasize the unexpected and striking nature of an event. For instance, Mathieu Burgaudeau's third-place finish in the 2023 Tour de France was hailed as a "divine surprise" in La Voix du Nord, as was Markéta Vondroušová's victory at Wimbledon 2023 in L'Équipe.
In 2002, film critic Pierre Murat used the Maurrasian phrase in a critique of hypermedia and materialism.
During the 2022 French presidential election, journalist Thomas Legrand used it to describe the emergence of Éric Zemmour's candidacy.
On 4 July 2024, the Indigènes de la République described the riots following Nahel Merzouk's death as a "divine surprise, which puts the racial question back at the center of political debate".
# Immanuel Bonfils

Immanuel ben Jacob Bonfils (c. 1300 – 1377) was a French-Jewish mathematician and astronomer in medieval times who flourished from 1340 to 1377, a rabbi who was a pioneer of exponential calculus and is credited with inventing the system of decimal fractions. He taught astronomy and mathematics in Orange and later lived in Tarascon, both towns in the Holy Roman Empire that are now part of modern-day France. Bonfils studied the works of Gersonides (Levi ben Gershom), the father of modern trigonometry, and Al-Battani and even taught at the academy founded by Gersonides in Orange.
Bonfils preceded any attempt at a European decimal system by 150 years, publishing the treatise Method of Division by Rabbi Immanuel and Other Topics (Hebrew: דרך חילוק) on the general theory of decimal fractions around 1350. This was a forerunner to Simon Stevin, the first to widely distribute publications on this topic, and employed decimal notation for integers, fractions, and both positive and negative exponents.
While living in Tarascon in 1365, Bonfils published the work for which he would become best known, Sepher Shesh Kenaphayim (Book of Six Wings) (Hebrew: שש כנפים), a manuscript on eclipses that featured astronomical tables predicting future solar and lunar positions (divided into six parts). The book included data for every important date on the Jewish calendar and even correction factors necessary for those who lived as far away as Constantinople. Breaking the tables into six parts was an allusion to the six wings of the seraphim as mentioned in the Bible in Isaiah 6:2, earning Bonfils the nickname master of the wings.
For 300 years, Bonfils' calculations which were extensively used by sailors and explorers well into the 17th century. The book was translated from Hebrew into Latin in 1406 by Johannes Lucae e Camerino and into Greek in 1435 by Michael Chrysokokkes. The book inspired Chemist George Sarton to publish his own version of Six Wings nearly 600 years later. Bonfils translated a number of books from Latin to Hebrew. He also wrote a treatise on the relationship between the diameter and circumference of a circle and methods of calculating square roots.

## Works

* Bonfils, Immanuel (1365), The Wings of Eagles, Hebrew: שש כנפים, in six books. Other name: Book of Six Wings, Hebrew: שש כנפים. The main astronomical work of Bonfils.
* Bonfils, Immanuel (c. 1350), The Invention of the Decimal Fractions and the Application of the Exponential Calculus by Immanuel Bonfils of Tarascon
* Bonfils, Immanuel (c. 1350), Method of Division by Rabbi Immanuel and Other Topics, Hebrew: דרך חילוק, a course of decimal arithmetics, including decimal fractions.
# Astrée (Collasse)

Astrée is an opera by the French composer Pascal Collasse, first performed at the Académie Royale de Musique (the Paris Opéra) on 25 November 1691. It takes the form of a tragédie lyrique in three acts. The libretto, by Jean de La Fontaine, is based on the romance L'Astrée by Honoré d'Urfé. The opera was a failure.

## Sources

* (in French) Libretto at "Livrets baroques"
* (in French) Félix Clément and Pierre Larousse Dictionnaire des Opéras, Paris, 1881.
* This article about a French-language opera is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Dikaka language

Dikaka or Cham, is one of the Savanna languages of Middle Belt, Nigeria. It is also known as Dijim–Bwilim, after its two dialects, Dijim and Bwilim. A tonal language, it has a whistled register. It is spoken in Gombe and southwestern parts of Adamawa State of Nigeria.

## Dialects

The two dialects are Dijim and Bwilim.
* Dijim [dijím], spoken in and around Kindiyo (currently Cham town)
* Bwilim [bwilím], spoken in and around Mɔna (Mwona, Mwana)
Another related dialect is spoken by former speakers of the Jalaa language in and around Loojaa settlement.

## Phonology

It consists of 8 vowels and 17 consonants.
    The vowels are: a, e, i, o, u, ǝ, ɨ, ʊ
    The consonants are: b, c, d, f, g, h, j, k, l, m, n, p, r, s, t, w, y
# Narita Airport Terminal 1 Station

Narita Airport Terminal 1 (Narita Airport) Station (Japanese: 成田空港(成田第1ターミナル)駅, romanized: Narita Kūkō (Narita daiichi tāminaru)-eki) is an underground airport rail link station located beneath Terminal 1 of Narita International Airport in Narita, Chiba, Japan. The station is shared between East Japan Railway Company (JR East) and the private railway operator Keisei Electric Railway.

## Station layout

The JR East portion of the station has one island platform. The Keisei portion of the station has two island platforms: one serves one track (No. 1) and the other serves two. Each of the two tracks of the latter has two positions for trains, which are separately numbered (one is numbered 2 and 4, and the other is 3 and 5). On 17 July 2010, the Keisei Line platforms and concourses were segregated: one portion is for Narita Sky Access Line trains (including Skyliner limited express services) and the other portion for Keisei Main Line trains. Passengers traveling only on the Keisei Main Line must pass through an additional ticket barrier prior to entering the platforms, so as to enforce the separate fare structure that will be in place for Narita Sky Access Line trains.

### JR East

| 1 | ■ Narita Line | Limited Express Narita Express for Tokyo, Shinjuku, Omiya, and Yokohama |
| 2 | ■ Narita Line | for Narita, Chiba, Tokyo, Yokohama, and Kurihama (via JO Sobu Line (Rapid) and Yokosuka Line) |
The station has a Midori no Madoguchi staffed ticket office.

### Keisei Electric Railway

| 1 | KS Narita Sky Access Line | Access Express trains for HS Hokuso Line, Nippori, Keisei Ueno, and Oshiage A Toei Asakusa Line for Asakusa, Nihombashi, and Shimbashi KK Keikyū Line for Shinagawa and Haneda Airport (International Terminal and Domestic Terminal) |
| 2, 3 | KS Keisei Main Line | for Keisei Narita, Keisei Funabashi, Nippori, Keisei Ueno, and Oshiage A Toei Asakusa Line for Asakusa, Nihombashi, and Shimbashi KK Keikyū Line for Shinagawa and Haneda Airport |
| 4, 5 | KS Narita Sky Access Line | Airport Limited Express Skyliner for Nippori and Keisei Ueno |

## History

Originally built for the planned Narita Shinkansen, the station opened on 19 March 1991. Before this, there was also a station named Narita Airport Station, which was served only by Keisei and connected with the airport terminal by bus. The former station was renamed Higashi-Narita Station on the same day the present airport station was opened.
On 17 July 2010, the same day that Skyliner limited express services began operations on the Narita Sky Access Line, the layout of Keisei Line platforms and concourses was changed. For details, see "Station layout" section above. The station also received a station number for Keisei services on that date; Narita Airport Terminal 1 Station was assigned station number KS42.
# Heercleff

Heercleff, also known as Killarney Cliffs, is a historic home located at Springfield, Greene County, Missouri. The house was built in 1921, and is a three-story, dwelling with cobblestone walls and clipped gable roofs. Connected by an arched rock-walled breezeway is an ancillary two-story guesthouse with a large garage. Also on the property are contributing stone retaining walls and a large stairway to the river. It was built by Frances X. Heer, owner and manager of Heer's Department Store in Springfield.$^{:7}$
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2016.
# 2020 Tournoi de France

The 2020 Tournoi de France was the first edition of the Tournoi de France, an invitational women's football tournament held in France. It took place from 4 to 10 March 2020.

## Venues

| Calais | Valenciennes |
| Stade de l'Épopée | Stade du Hainaut |
| Capacity: 12,432 | Capacity: 25,000 |
| CalaisValenciennes ||

## Teams

| Team | FIFA Rankings (December 2019) |
| Netherlands | 3 |
| France | 4 |
| Canada | 8 |
| Brazil | 9 |

## Standings

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts |
| 1 | France (H, C) | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 5 | 3 | +2 | 7 |
| 2 | Netherlands | 3 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| 3 | Canada | 3 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 3 | −1 | 2 |
| 4 | Brazil | 3 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 3 | −1 | 2 |

## Results

All times are local (UTC+1).

## Goalscorers

There were 12 goals scored in 6 matches, for an average of 2 goals per match.
2 goals
* Valérie Gauvin
1 goal
* Ludmila
* Marta
* Janine Beckie
* Diana Matheson
* Viviane Asseyi
* Griedge Mbock Bathy
* Ouleymata Sarr
* Lieke Martens
* Sherida Spitse
* Lynn Wilms
# Emily Susan Hartwell

Emily Susan Hartwell (Chinese: 夏咏美; Pinyin: Xià Yǒngměi; Foochow Romanized: Hâ Īng-mī; April 16, 1859 – October 2, 1951) was a Congregational Christian educational missionary and philanthropist in Fuzhou, China under the American Board of Foreign Missions.

## Life

Miss Emily S. Hartwell was the daughter of Lucy E. Stearns and Charles Hartwell (夏察理), who were the pioneering Congregational missionaries stationed in Fuzhou. She graduated from Wheaton College in 1883 and taught there before her mother died in Fuzhou and she returned as a missionary.
She started a girls' school at Ponasang (保福山) and for 20 years she taught English at Foochow College (福州格致书院). When Fuzhou was inundated by a flood in 1900 Miss Hartwell organized relief work. She also founded an orphanage named the Christian Herald Fukien Industrial Homes (福建孤儿院) at Ado (下渡). After the fall of the Qing Dynasty in 1911 she raised funds to aid the stranded and starving Manchus in Fuzhou. Other charitable institutions established by her included the Union Kindergarten Training School, the Christian Women's Industrial Institute, and the Dr. Cordelia A. Green Memorial Home.
Miss Hartwell received the Order of Golden Grain from the president of the Fujian Provincial Government. She was evacuated from Fuzhou in 1937 during the Sino-Japanese War, and died in Oberlin, Ohio in 1951.
# Hideo Jojo

Hideo Jōjō (城定秀夫) (born September 2, 1975) is a Japanese film director and scriptwriter.

## Partial filmography
### As director

* Natsu Left Home (2014)
* Hitozuma sekando bājin watashi o osotte kudasai (人妻セカンドバージン 私を襲って下さい) (2013)
* AV Idol (2012)
* Homeless as Junior High School Student (ホームレスが中学生, Hōmuresu ga chūgakusei) (2008)
* Siren X (妖女伝説セイレーンＸ～魔性の誘惑～, Yojo Densetsu Seiren X – Masho no Yuwaku) (2008)
* Cream Lemon: After the Dream (2006)
* Married Women Who Want a Taste (2003)
* Dangerous Drugs of Sex (2020)
* On the Edge of Their Seats (2020)
* Love Nonetheless (2022)
* To Be Killed by a High School Girl (2022)
* Believers (2022)
* Nighttime Warbles (2022)
* Thorns of Beauty (2023)
* Twilight Cinema Blues (2023)
* Afterschool Anglers Club (2023)
* S-Friends Part 1 (2023)
* S-Friends Part 2 (2023)
* A Bad Summer (2025)
* Welcome to the Village (2025)
* Shinu Hodo Aishite (2025)

## Awards

| Year | Award | Category | Work(s) | Result | Ref. |
| 2021 | 42nd Yokohama Film Festival | Best Director | On the Edge of Their Seats and Dangerous Drugs of Sex | Won | |