# 1913 Linlithgowshire by-election

The 1913 Linlithgowshire by-election was a Parliamentary by-election held on 7 November 1913. The constituency returned one Member of Parliament (MP) to the House of Commons of the United Kingdom, elected by the first past the post voting system.

## Vacancy

Alexander Ure had been Liberal Member of Parliament for Linlithgowshire since 1895. In 1913 he was raised to the bench as Lord Strathclyde and appointed Lord Justice General.

## Previous result

General election December 1910: Linlithgowshire :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Liberal | Alexander Ure | 5,835 | 60.8 | −3.8 |
| | Unionist | James Kidd | 3,765 | 39.2 | +3.8 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 2,070 | 21.6 | −7.6 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 9,600 | 81.1 | −3.5 |
| | Liberal hold | Liberal hold | Swing | -3.8 | |

## Candidates

* Forty-year-old former Fabian, John Pratt was selected to defend the seat in the Liberal interest. He was Warden of Glasgow University Settlement, 1902–12 and was a Member of Glasgow Town Council, 1906. However, initially, the West Lothian Liberal Association had sought Robert Brown, the Provost of Dalkeith as their candidate. He was Secretary of the Midlothian miners and one of the few miners leaders in Scotland who were sympathetic to the Liberals. The Liberal Party had previously sought after Brown as their candidate for the 1912 Midlothian by-election where he eventually stood as a Labour Party candidate, finishing bottom of the poll. Brown once more turned down the Liberal offer and the Liberals chose Pratt.
* Edinburgh educated 41-year-old James Kidd was re-selected by the Unionists, having fought the seat at the last election.
* The Labour Party agreed not to put forward a candidate, to avoid splitting the anti-Unionist vote. However, the British Socialist Party, which criticised the Liberal/Labour electoral pact, considered putting forward Robert Small, the Secretary of the West Lothian shale miners. Local branches of the Independent Labour Party also considered running a candidate

## Campaign

Some 2,000 Irish electors lived in the constituency and they were expected to heavily support the Liberal candidate. Local branches of the Independent Labour Party asked local electors to vote for the Unionist Party candidate.

## Result

The Liberals held the seat with a reduced majority.
Linlithgowshire by-election 1913 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Liberal | John Pratt | 5,615 | 52.4 | −8.4 |
| | Unionist | James Kidd | 5,094 | 47.6 | +8.4 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 521 | 4.8 | −16.8 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 10,709 | 87.8 | +6.7 |
| | Liberal hold | Liberal hold | Swing | -8.4 | |

## Aftermath

A General Election was due to take place by the end of 1915. By the summer of 1914, the following candidates had been adopted to contest that election. Due to the outbreak of war, the election never took place.
* Scottish Liberal Party: John Pratt
* Unionist Party: James Kidd
For the 1918 elections, Pratt moved to contest Glasgow Cathcart.
General election 1918: Linlithgowshire :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| C | Unionist | James Kidd | 12,898 | 59.7 | +20.5 |
| | Labour | Manny Shinwell | 8,723 | 40.3 | New |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 4,175 | 19.2 | N/A |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 21,621 | 66.4 | −14.7 |
| | Unionist gain from Liberal | Unionist gain from Liberal | Swing | | |
| C indicates candidate endorsed by the coalition government. ||||||