OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Alex Lozowski

Alex Lozowski (born 30 June 1993) is an English professional rugby union footballer playing in the Gallagher Premiership for Saracens.

## Early life

Lozowski is the son of Rob Lozowski and was a sporting allrounder in his teenage years, playing not only rugby for the Wasps academy but also football for the Chelsea academy. After leaving Watford Boys Grammar School he went to Leeds University to study a degree in economics.

## Club career
### Leeds Tykes

While at university, Lozowski was selected on the bench for Leeds Carnegie, for their game against Pontypridd in the British and Irish Cup during the 2012/13 season. After impressing in this game he was selected as a member of their first team squad for the 2013/14 season in the RFU Championship. During this season he played not only Fly Half but also occasionally at Full back and made 25 appearances scoring 8 tries and 195 points in total. In recognition of his performances over the season, Lozowski was awarded Leed's Young Player of the Season award. It was announced during the season, that he would leave at the end of the season to join Wasps in the Aviva Premiership.

### Wasps

Lozowski joined Wasps at the start of the 2014/15 season. He played very regularly for the team during the season, often coming off the bench for Andy Goode. During the season, he started against reigning Heineken Cup champions Toulon in the quarter-final of the European Rugby Champions Cup. He was also nominated for the LV Breakthrough Player of the Season for his performances in the LV Cup. Over the season, Lozowski played 21 matches scoring 2 tries and 102 points in total.

### Saracens

On 13 January 2016, Lozowski made the switch to join Premiership rivals Saracens on a long-term deal ahead of the 2016–17 season. During his time at Saracens he has won three Premiership titles in 2018, 2019 and 2023. He also helped Saracens win the European Champions Cup in 2017 and 2019. He re-signed with Saracens for two years ahead of the 2020–21 season but will spend a season on loan at Montpellier.

## International career
### England

Lozowski was called up to the senior England squad by Eddie Jones in October 2016. On 20 April 2017, Lozowski was named in the England tour party to Argentina in June for a 2-test series and made his international debut in the first test in San Juan on 10 June.
In October 2024, Lozowski was called into a 36-man England training camp. In February 2025, he was again called into the senior training squad for the second round of the 2025 Six Nations following a foot injury sustained by Cadan Murley.

### International tries

    As of 7 July 2019
| Try | Opposing team | Location | Venue | Competition | Date | Result | Score |
| 1 | Samoa | London, England | Twickenham Stadium | 2017 Autumn Internationals | 25 November 2017 | Win | 48 – 14 |

## Honours

Saracens
* Aviva Premiership: 2018, 2019, 2023.
* European Rugby Champions Cup: 2017,2019
* European Rugby Challenge Cup: 2021
# Todd Collins (linebacker)

Todd Franklin Collins (born May 27, 1970) is an American former professional football player who was a linebacker in the National Football League (NFL). He started for the New England Patriots in Super Bowl XXXI, and Super Bowl XXXIV for the Rams.
Collins was a champion in high school and college football. He led Jefferson County High School to the 1987 TSSAA AAA State Championship. Coming out of Jefferson County, Collins was a USA Today High School All-American. He received a scholarship to the University of Georgia, where his older brother Brent was already enrolled. Injury problems kept Todd off the field during the 1988 season, and he transferred to the University of Tennessee for one semester. Both Collins brothers subsequently ended up at Carson-Newman College, with whom they won the 1989 NAIA National Championship.
Collins was selected by the New England Patriots in the third round of the 1992 NFL draft. He left the Patriots for the Rams in 1999. Part of the compensation package the Patriots received from Rams included the 199th pick in the 2000 NFL draft, which the Patriots used to draft Tom Brady.
# The Note (album)

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The Note is an album released in the Spring of 2005 by hardcore band Bane. The album consists of a deeper, more mature sound than that of previous albums.

## Track listing

* "Woulda, Coulda, Shoulda" – 2:49
* "Pot Committed" – 3:28
* "One for the Boys" – 2:07
* "Hoods Up" – 2:01
* "End with an Ellipsis" – 3:29
* "My Therapy" – 2:24
* "Don't Go" – 2:37
* "Wasted on the Young" – 3:41
* "What Keeps Us Here" – 1:42
* "Swan Song" – 3:48

## Band members

* Aaron Bedard - Vocals
* Aaron Dalbec - Guitar
* Zach Jordan - Guitar (also contributed to production)
* Pete Chilton - Bass (also contributed to album art)
* Bob Mahoney - Drums

## Other contributors

* Brian McTernan - Production and engineering
* Oliver Chapoy - Additional engineering
* David Manganaro - Illustrations
# Fresgoe

Fresgoe is the main harbour for the village of Reay, overlooking Sandside Bay in Caithness in the Scottish highlands. It was built in the early 1830s, by a Major William Innes at a cost of £3000, primarily to encourage fishing and was also used on the north coast trading route.
# Toni Wiedemann

Anton Wiedemann (December 30, 1911 – November 6, 1953) was a German ice hockey player who competed for the German national team at the 1936 Winter Olympics in Garmisch-Partenkirchen. He played club hockey for EV Füssen.
# Chagri Monastery

Chagri Dorjeden Monastery, also called Cheri Monastery, is a Buddhist monastery in Bhutan established in 1620 by Ngawang Namgyal, 1st Zhabdrung Rinpoche, the founder of the Bhutanese state.
The monastery, now a major teaching and retreat center of the Southern Drukpa Lineage of the Kagyu school of Tibetan Buddhism, is located at the northern end of the Thimphu Valley about 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) from the capital. It sits on a hill above the end of the road at Dodeyna and it takes about an hour to walk up the steep hill to reach the monastery from there.
According to Bhutanese religious histories, the place was first visited by Padmasambhava in the 8th century. In the 13th century it was visited by Phajo Drugom Zhigpo the Tibetan Lama who first established the Drukpa Kagyu tradition in Bhutan. Johnsingh (2005) describes the beauty of the place and the occurrence of goral there.
Chagri Dorjeden was the first monastery established in Bhutan by Ngawang Namgyal in 1620 when he was 27 years old. The Zhabdrung spent three years in a strict retreat at Chagri and resided there for many periods throughout the rest of his life. It was at Chagri in 1623 that he established the first Drukpa monastic order in Bhutan.
In 1705, the 7th Druk Desi, Umze Peljor, retired to Chagri Monastery, where he lived until he died in 1707.

## History

Cheri initiated a new chapter in the history of the Drukpa school. As soon as the temple was finished and the reliquary stupa installed, Zhabdrung introduced a monastic community of 30 monks according to the constitutional and procedural framework he had created for his first monastic community in Ralung. These monks and the lay devotees, who gathered in Cheri, were taught by Lhawang Lodoe, who passed down the Drukpa teachings transmitted to him by Pema Karpo.
At the age of 33, he sent out edicts bearing his emblem of Ngachudruma, declaring 'all gods, humans and spirits of the Lhomonkhazhi, from this day, fall under the dominion of the great magician Nagwang Namgyal and everyone must heed to his words'.
# Hantzsch ester

Hantzsch ester refers to an organic compound with the formula HN(MeC=C(CO$_2$Et))$_2$CH$_2$ where Me = methyl (CH$_3$) and Et = ethyl (C$_2$H$_5$). It is a light yellow solid. The compound is a 1,4-dihydropyridine. It is named after Arthur Rudolf Hantzsch who described its synthesis in 1881. The compound is a hydride donor, e.g., for reduction of imines to amines. It is a synthetic analogue of NADH, a naturally occurring dihydropyridine.

## Preparation

Hantzsch ester can be made with a Hantzsch pyridine synthesis where formaldehyde, two equivalents of ethyl acetoacetate and ammonium acetate are combined to afford the product in high yield.

## Structure

As confirmed by X-ray crystallography, Hantzsch ester has a planar C$_5$N core.
# Quileute Indian Reservation

The Quileute Indian Reservation is an Indian reservation for the Quileute people located on the northwestern Olympic Peninsula near the southwestern corner of Clallam County, Washington, United States. The reservation is at the mouth of the Quillayute River on the Pacific coast.
La Push, Washington is the reservation's main population center. The 2000 census reported an official resident population of 371 people on the reservation, which has a land area of 4.061 km$^2$ (1.5678 sq mi, or 1,003.4 acres).

## History

Historically, the Quileute people occupied a large portion of the Olympic Peninsula, stretching from the Quillayute River north to the lands of the Makah, and as far east as the headwaters of the Sol Duc and Hoh rivers. The Quileutes signed the Quinault Treaty of 1855, however, they felt wronged by the treaty, as they did not realize that the treaty would include the total cession of their lands. The wording of the treaty was "deliberately vauge", only specifying that "There shall … be reserved … a tract or tracts of land sufficient for their wants within the Territory of Washington … and hereafter surveyed or located and set apart for their exclusive use."
The intent of the government to concentrate all these Indians on the Quinault Reservation under the Treaty of 1856 was clear, but the charge that the Quileute continued to live at La Push in violation of the treaty was largely nullified by the fact that the government failed to set aside the proposed reservation at Quinault until November 4, 1873, almost twenty years later, and from the records it is doubtful that the Quileute ever received the full annuity payments to which they were entitled, because of their isolation and the difficulty of getting treaty goods to them. In any event, their cause was championed by the local Indian agents and by the Office of Indian Affairs. Finally, in response to the argument that the attempt to move the Quileute to the Quinault Reservation was a mistake, the President of the United States issued an executive order on February 19, 1889, setting aside a new reservation about one mile square, at the mouth of the Quillayute River.
In 1966, James Island was removed from surrounding Quillayute Needles National Wildlife Refuge by the U.S. Department of the Interior, and returned to the Quileute when the island was discovered to be part of the Quileute Indian Reservation. In the 2000s, the tribal government petitioned the U.S. government for other land transfers, in particular to rebuild homes away from the coastline's tsunami hazard zone. On February 27, 2012, President Obama signed HR1162 into law which gives the tribe 785 acres of Olympic National Park to move the tribal school and other facilities out of the tsunami zone. Construction of the new school was completed in 2022.

## Government

The Quileute have their own government, consisting of a tribal council with staggered terms. The current tribal council consists of: Carol Hatch (chair), Tony Foster (vice-chair), DeAnna Hobson (secretary), and Anna Rose Counsell (treasurer).
# Mishler Theatre

The Mishler Theatre is a Beaux-Arts stage and movie theater located at 1208 Twelfth Avenue in Altoona, Pennsylvania.

## History

It was designed by Albert E. Westover and built by local theatre owner and manager Isaac Charles Mishler and opened on February 15, 1906. Nine months later, the neighboring Rothert building caught fire, which quickly spread to the theater, destroying the interior. The theater was rebuilt and re-opened in 1907.
In 1924, Isaac Mishler announced his retirement and later sold the theatre in 1931.
After disuse in the mid-20th century, the theatre was considered for demolition in 1965. In response, the Altoona Community Theatre and the Blair County Arts Foundation purchased it and began renovations. When the theatre reopened in 1969, their inaugural performance was The Sound of Music.
It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1973, and is located in the Downtown Altoona Historic District.

## Restoration

Early renovations included replacement of the seats and the lobby's chandelier with the new one purchased in 1970 at a Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer auction. Major structural, plumbing, and electrical work began in the early 1990s. At the most recent estimate, the restoration has cost more than $1 million.
# 1916 Liverpool East Toxteth by-election

The 1916 Liverpool East Toxteth by-election was a parliamentary by-election held in England on 21 February 1916 for the British House of Commons constituency of Liverpool East Toxteth.

## Vacancy

The by-election was caused by the appointment of the Conservative Member of Parliament (MP), Edward Marshall Hall as the Recorder of Guildford. The Recorder's role as a part-time judge disqualified him from sitting in Parliament, and his acceptance of the post automatically caused a vacancy, and Hall accepted the appointment after checking with the Liverpool Conservatives that a by-election would not be problematic for them.
The writ of election for the by-election was moved in the Commons on 10 February by William Bridgeman, the MP for Oswestry.

## Candidates

The Conservatives had already selected Captain James Stuart Rankin as their prospective candidate for the next general election.
The 36-year-old Rankin, who was then serving in Liverpool with the Royal Field Artillery, was formally adopted on 14 February as the Conservative candidate for the by-election. During World War I, the major political parties had agreed not to contest by-elections when seats held by their respective parties fell vacant, and the Toxteth Liberals accepted Rankin's nomination. They did not nominate a candidate of their own.
Since Rankin was the only candidate, he was returned unopposed.

## Aftermath

At the next general election, in 1918, Rankin was re-elected unopposed as a Coalition Conservative. He held the seat until he stood down at the 1924 general election,
# Persimedusites chahgazensis

Persimedusites chahgazensis is a Precambrian discoidal species which are believed to have existed primarily during the late Ediacaran period. It was discovered initially in the Kushk Series in the Bafq and Behabad regions of central Iran, along with similarly aged specimen of Cloudina and Corumbella. The body fossils of these disc-shaped organisms are approximately one centimeter in diameter, and were noted to have symmetrical internal lobes, as well as secondary distal branches.

## Description

These preserved branching structures have a noted resemblance to tentacles, and have been observed to be similar to the oral view of Eolympia pediculata. Similar fossils from the late Neoproterozoic Cerro Negro Formation in Argentina have been suggested to resemble Aspidella, but the Iranian specimens lack the customary holdfasts. An important feature of Perimedusites lacked by many similarly disc-shaped late Ediacaran fossils is the radial branches that extend from their center, creating a repetitive structure. Rugoconites enigmaticus, however, does manifest a similar structure, making it possibly comparable
As a member of the phylum Cnidaria, Persimedusites has been hypothesized to resemble a modern jellyfish due to their four-fold radial symmetry., but the true form of these fossils cannot yet be interpreted unequivocally
# Tom Porras

Tom Porras (born March 28, 1958) is an American former gridiron football player. He played as a quarterback in the Canadian Football League (CFL) from 1985 to 1994 for four teams. Previously, he played in the United States Football League (USFL) in their three seasons of existence. Later he played in the Arena Football League (AFL).
Porras played college football at the University of Washington in Seattle under head coach Don James, transferring in 1978 from Ventura College in southern California.
From 2003 to 2007, Porras was a substitute teacher and assistant football and track coach at Saguaro High School in Scottsdale, Arizona. On April 26, 2007, he was arrested and placed on administrative leave due to suspicion of sex abuse and public sexual indecency with a female student. The case was dismissed on February 27, 2008 after his confession was thrown out due to a Miranda rights violation.
# George J. Hazel

George Jarrod Hazel (born March 19, 1975) is an American lawyer who is a former United States district judge of the United States District Court for the District of Maryland. He previously served as the chief deputy state's attorney for Baltimore, Maryland.

## Early life and education

Born in New York City, Hazel received a Bachelor of Arts cum laude, from Morehouse College in 1996. He received a Juris Doctor from the Georgetown University Law Center in 1999.

## Career

He began his legal career as an associate at the law firm of Weil, Gotshal & Manges LLP, in Washington, D.C., from 1999 to 2004. He served as an Assistant United States Attorney in the District of Columbia, from 2005 to 2008 and in the U.S. Attorney's Office of Maryland, from 2008 to 2010. From 2011 until his confirmation as a federal judge in 2014, he served as chief deputy state's attorney for Baltimore, Maryland.

### Federal judicial service

On September 25, 2013, President Barack Obama nominated Hazel to serve as a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the District of Maryland, to the seat vacated by Judge Alexander Williams Jr., who assumed senior status on May 8, 2013. On January 16, 2014, his nomination was reported out of committee. On May 1, 2014, the Senate invoked cloture on Hazel’s nomination by a 55–42 vote. Later that same day, Hazel was confirmed by a 95–0 vote. He received his judicial commission on May 2, 2014. Upon his swearing in, Hazel was told he was the youngest United States district judge. On December 7, 2022, Judge Hazel announced his intention to resign as a United States District Judge, effective February 24, 2023, and to return to private practice. He resigned from the bench on February 24, 2023. He is now a partner at Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher LLP.

### Notable rulings

* In April 2019, Hazel ruled against Maryland plaintiffs in a case challenging the Commerce Department's intent to include a question about citizenship on census forms. With two other judges, he had found that the Trump administration had violated administrative law with its intent to add the question to 2020 United States Census. However in formulating that decision, Hazel did not find sufficient evidence to support claims that the government had intentionally moved to include the question specifically in order to discriminate against immigrants and non-white minorities by its inclusion, nor did he agree that evidence before the court proved that it was an element of a conspiracy violate the constitutional rights of noncitizens. The panel's decision was appealed, but plaintiffs had subsequently uncovered more direct evidence of the existence of such a strategy found on a computer belonging to and in the files of Thomas Hofeller, a recently deceased Republican consultant. Given that, they asked Hazel to reconsider his earlier ruling. On June 18, Hazel acknowledged that the request to reopen the issue had merit, saying their evidence "raises a substantial issue" in the case, that inclusion would favor Republicans and whites over minorities. This case is concurrent to Department of Commerce v. New York.
# Tenala

Tenala (Finnish: Tenhola) is a former municipality in Uusimaa, Finland. It was neighboured by Hanko, Kisko, Perniö, Pohja, Särkisalo and Ekenäs.
The municipality was established in 1329. The stone church of Tenala was built in late 15th century and the paintings on the piers are from the 17th century. The bell tower of the church was renovated in 1762. In 1988, Tenala had 2991 inhabitants living in an area of 443.6 km$^2$ and 86.96% of the inhabitants spoke Swedish as their native language. In 1993, the municipality consolidated with Ekenäs. In 2009, Tenala became a part of the newly established city of Raseborg.

## Notable residents

* Ingeborg Norell, heroine of 1780
* Fredrik Stjernvall, senator
* Edvard Westermarck, sociologist and anthropologist (1862-1939)
# Aphytis

Aphytis (Ancient Greek: Ἄφυτις), also Aphyte (Ἀφύτη) and Aphytus or Aphytos (Ἄφυτος), was an ancient Greek city in Pallene, the westernmost headland of Chalcidice. Around the middle of the 8th century BC colonists from Euboea arrived. The city became well known for its Temple of Dionysus, which appears to have been built in the second half of the 8th century BC. At Aphytis, Ammon was worshipped, at least from the time of the Spartan general Lysander, as zealously as in Ammonium, sanctuary in Libya. According to Pausanias, the patron of Aphytis, Ammon Zeus, appeared in a dream to Lysander and urged him to raise the siege, which he did. The Temple of Ammon Zeus, whose few remaining ruins date to the 4th century BC structure.
During archaic and classical times Aphytis was a prosperous city, minting its own coins, which depicted the head of its patron, Ammon Zeus, the city's economy appears to have been mainly based on farming and vine-culture. Aristotle (Politics V,VI 1319 a14) mentions the "agricultural law" of the Aphytians, a special, singular and interesting chapter in the history of ancient Greek public finances. The city became a member of the Chalkidian League; it previously paid tribute under the Thracian phoros of the Delian League.
During Hellenistic and Roman times the city minted coins again; an event possibly related to the fame of the Temple of Ammon Zeus. Strabo mentions Aphytis among the five cities, which existed in Pallene in the first century B.C. (Cassandreia, Aphytis, Mende, Scione and Sane). After the founding of the Roman colony of Cassandreia (43 BC), Aphytis was a vicus of this colony, dependent administratively on it.
Afytos is a village in the modern Kassandra peninsula.