OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Nerello mascalese

Nerello mascalese is a name given to a varieties of red wine grapes named after the Mascali area in Catania, that grown primarily in Sicily and Sardinia. It is grown mainly on the northeastern side of Sicily (near Mascali, where the grape is thought to have originated) and is thought to be superior in quality to the Nerello Cappuccio. While it can be used for blending, the grape is often made into varietal wine. The grape is believed to be an offspring of the Calabrian wine grape Mantonico bianco. The Nerello Cappuccio, is used together with mascalese in the Etna DOC as a blending grape that adds color and alcohol to the wine. It is one of the three grapes used to make the wine Corvo Rosso.
An Italian study published in 2008 using DNA typing showed a close genetic relationship between Sangiovese on the one hand and ten other Italian grape varieties on the other hand, including Nerello. It is therefore likely that Nerello is a crossing of Sangiovese and another, so far unidentified, grape variety.
The organoleptic characteristics of the monovarietal Nerello Mascalese generally are a ruby red color, with subtle grenade tones; a strong fruity scent of red berry fruits, with slight floral shades, a spicy hint, and a delicate effusion of vanilla and tobacco, with a persistent trace of licorice; and a dry, tannic, persistent and harmonic taste, with a strong body. At sight, the wine seems surely more mature than it appears when smelled or tasted. Treating this vine variety in a traditional way, it can produce a wine presenting the above-described characteristics.
# Harshbarger House

Harshbarger House is a historic home located at Hollins, Roanoke County, Virginia. It is a two-story dwelling consisting of a late 18th-century, stone, two-story, one-room section with an early 19th-century brick addition. The stone section was built in 1797, and the brick section was added about 1825. A kitchen is attached to the main house by a modern addition.
It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1992.
# Hugo Winzer

Dr. Hugo Winzer (1862 – 13 January 1937 in Dresden) was a German pair skater. He was German pair champion in 1912 with his wife Hedwig Winzer.
Hugo Winzer stated skating 1886 in Leipzig inspired by the Finnish skater Neiglick. Hugo Winzer studied chemistry at the university in Leipzig at this time.
Due to a bad lung-illness he had to quit his job. To recover he moved to Switzerland where he also trained skating.
Dr. Hugo Winzer married Hedwig Müller from Berlin. They competed in pair skating also internationally.
After his skating career he became an international figure skating judge, so at the Worlds 1926. He also published articles about the "History of the German Figure Skating" (Handbuch der Leibesübungen Nr. 8, 1925)

## Results as a pair skater with Hedwig Winzer

| Event | 1912 | 1920 | 1925 |
| World Championships | 4th | | |
| German Championships | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
# José Manuel Urtain

José Manuel Ibar Azpiazu (also known as Urtain; 14 May 1943 – 21 July 1992) was a Spanish boxer, who became the EBU heavyweight champion in 1970 and 1971.

## Biography

Born in Aizarnazabal, he was nicknamed Urtain as it was the name of the house where he spent his childhood in Zestoa. When he was young he started practising Basque rural sports, known as Herri Kirolak, specially aizkolaritza (wood-chopping) and harri-jasotze (stone lifting) before becoming a professional boxer.
He started boxing in Ordizia in 1968 and he won 27 fights in a row by knock-out. In 1970, he became the EBU heavyweight champion in Madrid after defeating the German Peter Weiland in the seventh round.
He then lost his crown on 10 November 1970 at Wembley stadium in London against Britain's Henry Cooper. The next year in 1971 he recovered the European EBU champion crown against Jack Bodell, but lost it again in 1972 against Jurgen Blin.
He tried to recover the title again in 1977 in Antwerp against Jean Pierre Coopman but he could not defeat the Belgian boxer.
After retirement Urtain suffered from alcoholism and debts, resulting in the breakdown of his marriage. He committed suicide by jumping from the 10th floor of his home in Madrid.
During his period as a boxer (1968-1977) he took part in 68 fights, of which we won 53 (41 by knock-out), lost 11 and 4 draws.
# Varendra Research Society

Varendra Research Society (1910–1963) was established in Rajshahi in 1910 for the promotion of studies and research into the History of Bengal in general, and in particular of the Varendra area

## History

Some of the leading and enlightened citizens of Rajshahi felt the necessity and justification of establishing such an institution that would explore the precious past of this region. Henceforth, The Varendra Research Society was established in 1910, and the founder of the Society Kumar Sarat Kumar Ray, the scion of Dighapatiya Royal family accompanied by Aksaya Kumar Maitreya, a leading lawyer and renowned historian; Ramaprasad Chanda, a reputed scholar in history, art and archeology

## Organization
### Founding directors

* Kumar Sarat Kumar Ray
* Aksaya Kumar Maitreya
* Rakhaldas Bandyopadhyay

## Major contributions
### Organization

The Varendra Research Museum was founded with a standing tribute to the princely generosity of Kumar Sarat Kumar Ray as a president; the great scholarship of Aksaya Kumar Maitreya as a Director; Ramaprasad Chanda, as an honorary Secretary.

### Publications

The society published...
* Journal of the Varendra Research Society
* twelve Annual Reports and 9 Monographs containing 31 articles, two works on inscriptions, one on ethnology, one on dynastic history,
* a catalogue of the archaeological relics in the museum,
* a list of inscriptions, and
* several carefully edited Sanskrit texts.

### Archaeological excavations

* Excavated the Pradyumneshvar Tank at Deopara in Rajshahi district and recovered from its bed as many as 64 pieces of sculpture and three terracotta Manasa-ghatas.
* Excavated a high mound at Cossipur, 5 miles from Balurghat in West Dinajpur and uncovered brick built walls, a brick built road approaching the mound and a number of sculptures.
* Excavated the sites at Mahisantosh and Kumarpur in Rajshahi district and collected a number of antiquities.
* Excavations at Paharpur were undertaken by the Society in collaboration with the University of Calcutta.
# Gregers Münter

Gregers Christian Münter (18 December 1907 – 31 March 1988) was a Danish Officer and later sports shooter. He participated in the Danish resistance against the German forces during Operation Safari, afterwards he was part of the Danish resistance movement where he was involved in several actions against the Germans. He competed in the 25 m pistol event at the 1948 Summer Olympics.
# McClay's Twin Bridge (East)

Maclay's Twin Bridge (East) is a historic multi-span stone arch bridge spanning a tributary of Conodoguinet Creek between Lurgan Township and Southampton Township in Franklin County, Pennsylvania. It is a 105-foot-long (32 m) bridge, with two spans each measuring 20 feet (6.1 m) long. It was constructed in 1827 and is a twin of McClay's Twin Bridge (West).
The bridge was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1988.
# John E. Murphy

John Edward Murphy (May 3, 1869 – April 9, 1941) was a United States Navy sailor and a recipient of America's highest military decoration—the Medal of Honor—for his actions in the Spanish–American War.

## Biography

Murphy enlisted in the U.S. Navy from New York and served in the battleship USS Iowa (BB-4) as a coxswain during the Spanish–American War. Coxswain Murphy was one of eight volunteer crew members of the collier USS Merrimac (1898), which Rear Admiral William T. Sampson ordered sunk to block the entrance of Santiago Harbor, Cuba. On the night of June 2/3, 1898, during the attempt to execute this mission, Merrimac's steering gear was disabled by enemy gunfire, and she sank without obstructing navigation. Her crewmen were rescued by the Spanish and made prisoners-of-war. After the Battle of Santiago de Cuba destroyed the Spanish fleet a month later, Murphy and his shipmates were released. For their part in this operation, all eight men were awarded Medals of Honor.
On June 15, 1898, while he was still in Spanish custody, Murphy was promoted to the warrant officer rank of Boatswain. In October 1898, Murphy was assigned to the battleship USS Oregon (BB-3), which soon went to the Asiatic Station. He reported for training duty on board USS Pensacola (1859) in September 1901 and several months later began similar service in USS Constellation (1854). In the Summer of 1903 he was assigned to the armored cruiser USS New York (ACR-2) in the Pacific Squadron. Murphy was promoted to Chief Boatswain on June 15, 1904. For his last tour, he served in USS Buffalo (1892), also in the Pacific, and was placed on the retired list on August 1, 1905.
Chief Boatswain John Edward Murphy died at age 71 and was buried at Fort Rosecrans National Cemetery, San Diego, California. His grave can be found in the officer's section, grave 363 GPS (lat/lon): 32.41418, −117.14673.

## Medal of Honor citation

Coxswain Murphy's official Medal of Honor citation reads:
   In connection with the sinking of the U.S.S. Merrimac at the entrance to the harbor of Santiago de Cuba, 2 June 1898. Despite heavy fire from the Spanish shore batteries, Murphy displayed extraordinary heroism throughout this operation.
# Acanthophila imperviella

Acanthophila imperviella is a moth in the family Gelechiidae. It is found in Russian Far East, where it is known only from the southern part of Primorsky Krai.
The wingspan is about 12 mm.
# Mark Mangold

Mark Mangold is an American pop singer-songwriter, producer and keyboardist. A member of the band Touch, as a songwriter Mangold's songs have been performed by Michael Bolton, Cher and Jordin Sparks, Paul Rodgers, Jennifer Rush and Laura Branigan.

## Career

Mangold was born in Miami and grew up on Long Island. He performed in Long Island bands Valhalla and American Tears before forming Touch in 1978, along with fellow American Tears members Glen Kithcart and Craig Brooks.
Touch charted with two Mangold-penned singles, “(Call Me) When the Spirit Moves You” in 1980 and “Don't You Know What Love Is” in 1981.
Mangold worked with Michael Bolton in the 1980s, co-writing and performing on Bolton's first hit "Fools Game" as well as several tracks from his 1985 AOR album, Everybody's Crazy. He and Bolton later co-wrote "I Found Someone", a top-ten hit for Cher and originally recorded by Laura Branigan. Mangold himself recorded a version on his solo album Lift (2001).
In 1991, the band The Law recorded "For a Little Ride", a Mangold song co-written with Benny Mardones for Atlantic Records.
The Sign were formed by Mangold, Randy Jackson (Zebra), Terry Brock (Strangeways), Billy Greer (Kansas) and Bobby Rondinelli (Rainbow & Black Sabbath). Their début album, released in 2000, was Signs Of Life. Their second album, The Second Coming was released in August 2005 on Frontiers Records.
Mangold has worked in Stockholm with songwriters, and released "My Confession" (co-written with Jon Bivona) and "Candelight" sung by Anniela on Hitworks Records. In Denmark, SukkerChok released Mangold's "1,000 Miles Away" which became a local hit. In 2003, Jordin Sparks recorded his song "I Will Be There", co-written with Pebe Sebert, on the For Now EP.
Mangold has written for and played keyboards in the New York band The Radiant.
Other projects include Ashlie Luckett, and the comedian Lauren Francesca on the "Comic Con" YouTube music video.

## Discography
### American Tears

* Branded Bad (1974)
* Tear Gas (1975)
* Powerhouse (1977)
* Hard Core (2018)
* White Flags (2019)
* Free Angel Express (2020)

### Touch

* Touch (1980)
* Touch II (1982)
* Tomorrow Never Comes (2021)

### Drive, She Said

* Drive, She Said (1989)
* Drivin' Wheel (1991)
* Excelerator (1993)
* Real Life (2003)
* Pedal to the Metal (2016)

### The Sign

* Signs of Life (2000)
* The Second Coming (2004)

### Keys

* "When Shadows Fall" (2022)
* "The Grand Seduction" (2024)
# Grosvenor Arch

Grosvenor Arch is a unique sandstone double arch located within Grand Staircase–Escalante National Monument in southern Kane County, Utah, United States. It is named to honor Gilbert Hovey Grosvenor (1875–1966), a president of the National Geographic Society, publishers of the National Geographic Magazine.
Located in northern Kane County, it is close to and south of Kodachrome Basin State Park and is accessed from the north or south via Cottonwood Canyon Road, a dirt road that traverses Cottonwood Canyon in the western portion of the national monument.
The site is well maintained and has an outhouse restroom and cement benches. There is a concrete sidewalk that goes almost to the base of the arch which is handicap accessible.
# Alpha (Shenseea album)

Alpha is the debut studio album by Jamaican musician Shenseea. It was released on March 11, 2022, through Rich Immigrants and Interscope Records. It includes guest appearances from 21 Savage, Beenie Man, Megan Thee Stallion, Offset, Sean Paul, and Tyga. Production is contributed by Rvssian, London on da Track and Scott Storch, among others.

## Background and release

In 2019, Shenseea signed to Rich Immigrants, an imprint of Interscope Records. She praised the owner of the imprint, Rvssian, for allowing her to work with different producers, instead of limiting her to just him. The lead single of Alpha, "Lick", was released on January 21, 2022. The song is a collaboration with American rapper Megan Thee Stallion. The second single, "R U That", featuring Atlanta-based rapper 21 Savage, was released on February 17. The next single, "Deserve It", was released on March 3. It was performed on Jimmy Kimmel Live! the night of its release.

### Title

Shenseea originally opted to title the album Eleanor, after her late mother. She decided to change the album's title to Alpha because she didn't want to experience the sadness associated with her mother's death every time she spoke about the record.

## Composition

Alpha is a dancehall, hip hop, and pop record. The album begins with the ballad "Target", a "beachy" song with a twist regarding love at the end. The track which follows, "Can't Anymore", is a more gleeful offering, where Shenseea announces that "she want[s] to get nasty". Alpha remains in a positive mood through the fourth track "R U That", which features 21 Savage. The song was described as "cheeky", and its lyrics go through a list of qualifications that a potential lover must meet.

## Commercial performance

Alpha debuted at number two on the Billboard Reggae Albums chart, with 4,900 album-equivalent units, of which 800 were sales of the record. 2,000 album units were composed of individual song sales. The album received 4,616,400 on-demand audio streams in its first week of release; it earned 750,000 video streams in that time frame. Alpha's number-two chart positioning occurred beneath Bob Marley and the Wailers' greatest hits album Legend (1984), which received 11,162 album-equivalent units in the same week, and remained at number one on the chart for a 115th consecutive week. The following week, Alpha fell two spots to number four on the Reggae chart, moving 2,600 units.
Alpha posted the best first-week sales for a reggae album since Popcaan's album Fixtape (2020).

## Charts

| Chart (2022) | Peak position |
| US Reggae Albums (Billboard) | 2 |
| US Heatseekers Albums (Billboard) | 3 |
# Flag of the Green Mountain Boys

The Green Mountain Boys flag, also known as the Stark flag, is a reconstruction of a regimental flag commonly stated to have been used by the Green Mountain Boys. The flag of the Green Mountain Boys has also been associated with the Vermont Republic. A remnant of a Green Mountain Boys flag, originally belonging to John Stark, is owned by the Bennington Museum. It still exists as one of the few regimental flags from the American Revolution. Although Stark was at the Battle of Bennington and likely flew this flag, the battle has become more commonly associated with the Bennington flag, which is believed to be a 19th-century banner.
Today the flag is used as the regimental flag of the Vermont National Guard unit. The regimental flag, known also as a "battle flag" or war flag, accompanies the unit on battle assignments and is physically handed to the commander of the regiment, as described by former Vermont National Guard Adjutant General Martha Rainville in an interview. The flag is also a symbol of the Vermont secessionist movement. The Castleton University football team has also featured the flag in its pre-game ceremonies since its inception in 2009. Proposals have been considered to change the state flag of Vermont back to the flag to the Green Mountain Boys' design, but none have succeeded.

## Design

The common reconstruction consists of a green field and a constellation of thirteen five-pointed white stars representing the thirteen colonies arranged in a natural pattern within an azure canton. The existing fragments consist of the canton from the flag, which has remnants of green silk on three sides, and a piece of green cloth with flourish from elsewhere on the flag.
| Surviving Canton of the original flag, now held at the Bennington Museum. | Replica of the 1777 flag from the Battle of Bennington. | A Vermont National Guard unit displaying the flag while abroad. |
# Louis Wehrmann Building

Louis Wehrmann Building, also known as the John and Amy Mintrup House, is a historic commercial building located at Washington, Franklin County, Missouri. It was built about 1857, and is a 2+1⁄2-story, five-bay, German Neoclassical style brick building in the Klassisismus form. It features a two-story neoclassical pilasters and an ornamental ironwork balcony over the central front door.$^{:5}$
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2000.
# Bertel Backman

Bertel Fredrik Aulis Backman (June 10, 1905 – July 3, 1981) was a Finnish speed skater who competed in the 1928 Winter Olympics. In 1928 he finished eighth in the 500 metres event and 13th in the 5000 metres competition. He also participated in the 1500 metres event but did not finish.
# Schwarzenberg Palace (Prague)

Schwarzenberg Palace (Czech: Schwarzenberský palác) is a Renaissance building in Prague, Czech Republic. It currently serves as a gallery of the National Gallery Prague and is a cultural monument.

## History

Before the construction of Schwarzenberg Palace, the site housed several medieval buildings including the workshop of Master Theodoric. They were damaged after a fire in 1541 [cs], and several were subsequently purchased by Johann IV Popel of Lobkowicz [cs]. Popel of Lobkowicz hired Agostino Galli to construct the palace, which was built from 1545 to 1567. Popel of Lobkowicz purchased the final building on the plot later, turning it into the palace's western wing.
Schwarzenberg Palace would pass to Jiří Popel of Lobkowicz [cs], however it was seized after Popel of Lobkovic led an opposition movement against Rudolph II. It was then given to Peter Vok of Rosenberg, from whom it passed to the House of Švamberk [cs] and House of Eggenberg. It finally passed to the House of Schwarzenberg through marriage in the early 18th century. It would undergo significant renovations under the Schwarzenbergs, with the dwelling area being fully rebuilt by Anton Erhard Martinelli and Antonín Haffenecker [cs], and the sgaffitos being finished with designs from Josef Schulz and Jan Koula.
The palace became unoccupied over time as members of the Schwarzenberg family moved to Vienna, the capital of the Austrian Empire. In 1908 it was freely leased to the National Technical Museum, who opened to the public two years later. During the Nazi occupation of Czechoslovakia, it was turned into a military museum, and was damaged during the Prague uprising. After the war, it was given to the Military History Institute Prague [cs]. From 2000 to 2007 it underwent significant renovations. In 2002, the National Gallery Prague acquired the palace from Ministry of Defence.

## Design

The palace its notable for its extensive sgraffito designs, which cover 7,000 square metres (75,000 sq ft) of the buildings surface. The first group of sgraffito was created with the building in a North Italian style. They were expanded from 1871 to 1893 with the designs of Jan Koula and Josef Schulz. The sgraffito would be repaired several times in subsequent years according to the original designs. Most of the sgraffito are repeating black-and-white cuboid blocks, though there are detailed carvings, such as a rooster and owl next to the palace's sundial.
# Ahuzam

Ahuzam (Hebrew: אחוזם) is a moshav in southern Israel. Located around five kilometres south of Kiryat Gat, it falls under the jurisdiction of Lakhish Regional Council. In 2022 its population was 554.

## Etymology

The moshav was originally named Ma'agalim but renamed after the biblical Ahuzam, son of Ashur, the father or founder of Tekoa, who may have lived in this area (1 Book of Chronicles 4:6).

## History

Ahuzam was founded on 30 October 1950 by Jewish immigrants from Morocco, members of the Ma'agalim society. It was associated with the Hapoel HaMizrachi movement, but is now a mixed religious and secular community.
# Thore Heramb

Thore Heramb (29 December 1916 – 16 June 2014) was a Norwegian painter and illustrator. His art was inspired by impressionism and by cubism. His artistic style is commonly described as colourist and frequently featured abstracted landscapes.

## Biography

He was born in Kristiania (now Oslo), Norway. He was the son of Gustav Heramb (1886–1956) and Signe Marie Michelsen (1891–1966). He was trained at the Norwegian National Academy of Craft and Art Industry (1935–37) and at the Norwegian National Academy of Fine Arts under Jean Heiberg (1939–1940). He debuted at the Høstutstillingen in Oslo during 1938 and held his first solo exhibition at the Kunstnerforbundet in 1943.
He was awarded the Schäffers legat (1946), Houens legat (1947) and Conrad Mohrs stip. (1951). He conducted study trips to Italy (1939), Copenhagen (1946), Paris (1949) and Provence (1951–52).
Between 1947 and 1948, he performed the decorations for the Aker Town Hall (Akers herredshus). Located at Trondheimsveien 5, the building features his motif Fossen, a designed inspired by the Akerselva which flows through Oslo. Among his other notable works are the painting Rød figur i blå sofa from 1950 and the triptykon Palestina-trio from 1973 to 1979. The Norwegian Museum of Contemporary Art has acquired twenty of his works. He is represented at the National Gallery in Oslo as well as at Bergen Billedgalleri, Trondheim Kunstmuseum, Llllehamrner Kunstmuseurn and Rogaland Kunstmuseum. Internationally his work is featured at the National Gallery of Denmark, Gothenburg Museum of Art and Stockholm City Museum.

## Personal life

Thore Heramb was married twice. He first married Ellen Schiøtz (1918–1942). Following her death, he married Randi Synnøve Eriksen in 1944.

## Selected works

* Pont d'Arcole (1952) National Gallery
* Vinterkveld i Oslo (1965) National Gallery
* Bjørkeskog (1967) National Gallery
* Huldreberget (1972) National Gallery
* Krattskog (1981) National Museum of Art, Architecture and Design
# Jumeirah Golf Estates (Dubai Metro)

Jumeirah Golf Estates (Arabic: عقارات جميرا للجولف) is a rapid transit station on the Red Line of the Dubai Metro in Dubai, UAE, serving Jumeirah Golf Estates.
The metro station opened on 1 September 2021 as part of Route 2020, created to link central Dubai to the Expo 2020 exhibition site. The schedule has been delayed due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
The station is one of two underground stations on the Red Line's Expo 2020 branch, along with the Dubai Investment Park metro station. It is located at Jumeirah Golf Estates. Facilities include bus stops, disabled parking, retail units, and a taxi drop-off zone.