OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Proto-Nuristani language

Proto-Nuristani is the reconstructed proto-language of the Nuristani languages. Proto-Nuristani is descended from Proto-Indo-Iranian, which in turn is descended from Proto-Indo-European.

## History

Proto-Nuristani is the latest common form of all modern-day Nuristani languages. Since diverging from the other Indo-Iranian languages, the Nuristani-speaking peoples have maintained social interactions with other Indo-Iranian peoples, influencing each other's linguistic and cultural landscapes. There have been some phonological developments that were shared with Indo-Aryan and Iranian languages at different stages of development, as well as sound changes specific to the Nuristani languages.
Due to the lack of direct attestation of Nuristani languages until the 19th century, it is difficult to deduce much detail about Proto-Nuristani, without resorting to extensive internal comparisons between the modern-day Nuristani languages, and external comparisons with earlier forms of attested Indo-Iranian languages.
The earliest divergence of Proto-Nuristani from the other Indo-Iranian languages may be indicated by the fact that the Ruki sound law does not apply after *u: e.g. Southeastern Katë musë /muˈsɘ/ "mouse" < *mūs-a-ka-.
Proto-Nuristani shares with Iranian languages the merger of the tenuis and breathy-voiced consonants, the preservation of the distinction between the two sets of Indo-Iranian voiced palatals (which merged in Indo-Aryan), and the fronting of the Proto-Indo-Iranian primary palatal consonants. The latter were retained as dental affricates in Proto-Nuristani, in contrast to simplification to sibilants in most Iranian languages.
Proto-Nuristani is distinguished by the lack of debuccalizing /s/ to /h/ as in Indo-Aryan. Later on Proto-Nuristani /*d͡z/ shifted to /z/ in all Nuristani varieties other than Southeastern Katë and Tregami, while Proto-Nuristani /*t͡s/ shifted to /s/ only in Ashkun (though in some instances it is retained as /t͡s/).
Proto-Nuristani started to break off into distinct languages from around 8th century BCE. From this point, the influences from surrounding Indo-Aryan and Iranian languages onto early Nuristani languages have been highly complex, due to different patterns of migration and settlement by various Nuristani-speaking tribes. This is demonstrated by the existence of disparate sound changes in individual Nuristani languages that make it difficult to neatly classify them into groups that share a common sound change on the same timeline.

## Selected reconstructions

*ačāni "eyes" (Halfmann 2023)
*āp-pešáni "water mill" (Halfmann 2023)
*dáca "ten" (Kreidl 2021)
*dúǰitā "daughter" (Kreidl 2021)
*dū́ "two" (Kreidl 2021)
*dvára- "door" (Halfmann 2023)
*dvāráka- "doorjambs" (Halfmann 2023)
*Kānta-ka- "Katë" (Halfmann 2024)
*páda- "footprint" (Kreidl 2021)
*pra-dā- "to give" (Kreidl 2021)
# King George V Cup

The King George V Cup is a Listed flat horse race in Ireland open to horses aged three years only. It is run at Leopardstown over a distance of 1 mile and 4 furlongs (2,413 metres), and it is scheduled to take place each year in June.
The race was first run in 2008 as the Nijinsky Stakes, before being renamed the King George V Cup in 2013. The race reverted to its original title in 2020 and 2021 before changing to the King George V Cup again from the 2022 running.

## Records

Leading jockey (2 wins):
* Chris Hayes – Rose Hip (2010), Rakan (2019)
* Wayne Lordan - Laughing (2011), Delphi (2020)
* Colin Keane - Roheryn (2014), Cairde Go Deo (2022)
* Ryan Moore - Tower of London (2023), Portland (2024)
Leading trainer (5 wins):
* Aidan O'Brien – The Major General (2016), Giuseppe Garibaldi (2018), Delphi (2020), Tower of London (2023), Portland (2024)

## Winners

* ↑ The 2020 race was run in July due to the COVID-19 pandemic in the Republic of Ireland
# Al-Faruq Mosque (Puerto Rico)

The Al-Faruq Mosque (Spanish: Mezquita de Al-Faruq) is a mosque in Vega Alta, Puerto Rico. It is the largest mosque in the island.

## History

The mosque was built in 1992 and opened as the second mosque in the island.

## Architecture

The mosque is the largest one in Puerto Rico. It has a capacity of 1,200 male worshipers and 120 female worshipers.
# Ellis O. Knox

Ellis O'Neal Knox (1898–1975) was the first African American to be awarded a PhD in California. Knox received his Bachelor of Arts degree in 1922 from the University of California, Berkeley and his doctorate in the history and philosophy of education from the University of Southern California in the 1931.

## Biography

Knox was born in Northern California on July 6, 1898. The son of a Latin teacher, Albert P. Knox, and homemaker, Addie Knox, Ellis always had a love of education. As a young boy in the public schools of Lake County, California at the turn of the century, Ellis, the only black student in his classroom, excelled.
In 1923, shortly after graduation from UC Berkeley, Knox accepted a position on the staff of Phoenix Union High School. Soon he met his wife Lois Wynne. The couple moved to Los Angeles in 1926, where Knox began his studies at USC.
With his doctorate in hand, Knox moved to the District of Columbia to accept a position on the staff of Howard University in 1931. (In the 1940s and 1950s, Knox served as an adjunct professor at the American University, an adjunct lecturer at Yale University, and as a member of the Evaluation Committee of the Middle States Association of Colleges and Secondary Schools, while retaining full professor status at Howard.)
By 1955, Knox was appointed to the President's White House Conference on Education. A decade later, he began work as a consultant to both the Peace Corps and the U.S. Commission on Civil Rights. In the tradition of his philosophical and academic focus of promoting civil rights in education, Knox worked alongside Thurgood Marshall in the campaign that led to the desegregation of the schools in the District of Columbia and also served as the Chairman of Education for the NAACP from 1945 to 1962.
In 1967, Knox ended his tenure at Howard University and retired in Los Angeles, where he served as Professor Emeritus at the University of Southern California and the University of California Los Angeles until his death in 1975.
During his lifetime, Knox published several studies on the philosophy of education. His PhD dissertation dealt with the trend of philosophical doctrines in their relation to African-American youth in the United States. Knox was a member of Alpha Phi Alpha fraternity, and was one of the founders of Alpha Epsilon chapter at the University of California, Berkeley.
# Hope School District

Hope School District or Hope Public Schools is a school district in Hempstead County, Arkansas, headquartered in Hope. It serves Hope, Guernsey, Fulton, Oakhaven, Patmos, Perrytown, and Washington.

## History

In 1966 the Guernsey School District merged into the Hope School District. And in 1979 the Patmos School District merged into the Hope School District.
The Washington School District was dissolved on July 1, 1990. A portion of its territory was given to the Hope district.

## Schools

* Hope High School
* Yerger Middle School
* Beryl Henry Elementary School
* William Jefferson Clinton Primary School
Other:
* Academy of Public Service
* Garland Learning Center
# Scleromystax prionotos

Scleromystax prionotos is a tropical freshwater catfish belonging to the subfamily Corydoradinae of the family Callichthyidae. It originates in inland waters in South America, and is found in coastal rivers in southeastern Brazil from Espírito Santo to São Paulo. It was originally described by H. Nijssen & I. J. H. Isbrücker in 1980. The scientific name is occasionally misspelled C. prionotus.
The fish will grow in length up to 2.1 inches (5.3 centimeters). It lives in a tropical climate in water with a 6.0 – 8.0 pH, a water hardness of 2 – 25 dGH, and a temperature range of 72 – 78°F (22 – 26°C). It feeds on worms, benthic crustaceans, insects, and plant matter. It lays eggs in dense vegetation and adults do not guard the eggs.
# Rüstringen

Rüstringen or Rustringen was an old Frisian gau, which lies between the modern district Friesland and the Weser river in modern Lower Saxony. Nowadays, only a small part of the original territory remains, namely the Butjadingen peninsula. The largest part of historical Rüstringen has been lost to the sea in the Middle Ages due to various storm surges and now forms the Jadebusen bay.
# Harward Family House

The Harward Family House is a historic house on Pork Point Road in Bowdoinham, Maine. Built about 1795 and repeatedly enlarged and altered, it is historically significant as the home of Thomas Harward, whose family's local shipyard was one of the most important elements of Bowdoinham's economy until about 1870. The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1996.

## Description and history

The Harward Family House is located in northern Bowdoinham, on the west side of Pork Point Road, about 0.4 miles (0.64 km) south of its junction with Maine State Route 24. It is a 2+1⁄2-story wood-frame structure, connected via ells to a barn at the rear. The street-facing front is an unusual five-bay gabled facade, with a center entrance. The gable has Italianate brackets in the eaves, and Greek Revival returns. The building corners are pilastered, and the entrance features a Colonial Revival surround, with sidelight windows, pilasters, and a corniced entablature. The interior is finished in a blend of Federal, Greek Revival, and Colonial Revival styles, representing at least three different periods of construction and alteration.
The house was built about 1795 by Thomas Harward, a Bowdoinham native whose first ship was built c. 1790 on Swan Island, located opposite Pork Point in the Kennebec River. Harward built this house about 1795, and raised thirteen children. Thomas' son John inherited the house and the shipyard, which he managed during its height in the 1850s. It is around that time that he made alterations to the house, updating it to prevailing Greek Revival and Italianate taste. The Harward shipyard suffered financial reverses in the Panic of 1857, and closed in 1869. Although it was not as large as the shipyards of Bath and Richmond, it was a significant element in the local economy.
# Etkind

Etkind is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Alexander Etkind (born 1955), historian and cultural scientist
* Efim Etkind (1918–1999), Soviet philologist and translation theorist
# The Drop

The Drop may refer to:

## Arts, entertainment, and media
### Literature

* The Drop (Connelly novel), a 2011 novel by Michael Connelly
* The Drop (Lehane novel), a 2014 novel by Dennis Lehane
* The Drop, a 2018 novella by Mick Herron in the Slough House series

### Music
#### Albums

* The Drop (album), a 1997 album by Brian Eno
* The Drop, a 1997 album by Geoffrey Williams

#### Songs

* "The Drop", a 1957 song by Ray Conniff from Dance the Bop!
* "The Drop", a 1996 instrumental by Evan Parker from London Air Lift
* "The Drop", a 1997 song by Geoffrey Williams from the album
* "The Drop", a 2002 song by Peter Gabriel from the album Up
* "The Drop" (Regurgitator song), a 2004 single by Regurgitator
* "The Drop", a 2004 instrumental by Harry Gregson-Williams from the soundtrack for Man on Fire
* "The Drop", a 2006 song by Sucioperro from Random Acts of Intimacy
* "The Drop", a 2012 song by Oh No from Dr. No's Tornado Funk
* "The Drop" (Lethal Bizzle song), a 2014 song by Lethal Bizzle
* “The Drop”, a 2017 song and extended play by Gammer

### Sports

* Relegation, when a team is moved to a lower division due to poor performance in an open league system.

### Other arts, entertainment, and media

* The Drop (2014 film), a film, based on the Lehane novel
* The Drop (2022 film), American black comedy film
* The Drop (sculpture), a 2009 sculpture in Vancouver
* The Drop, an urban contemporary subchannel operated by KUVO
* The Drop, a BBC Three fashion streetwear competition show

## Other uses

* The Drop Hydro, a power station in Australia
# Patrick McGuirk

Patrick McGuirk (born July 22, 1967) is a former American football defensive back who played five seasons in the Arena Football League (AFL) with the Fort Worth Cavalry and San Jose SaberCats. He first enrolled at the College of San Mateo before transferring to California Polytechnic State University. He was also a member of the Winnipeg Blue Bombers, Raleigh-Durham Skyhawks, Frankfurt Galaxy and San Francisco 49ers.

## College career

McGuirk first played college football for the San Mateo Bulldogs of the College of San Mateo from 1986 to 1988. He earned All-Golden Gate Conference and team MVP honors. He transferred to play for the Cal Poly Mustangs. McGuirk recorded 42 tackles and an interception for the Mustangs.

## Professional career

McGuirk signed with the Winnipeg Blue Bombers of the Canadian Football League in 1990. He was drafted by the Raleigh-Durham Skyhawks of the World League of American Football (WLAF) in the eighth round with the 75th pick in the 1991 WLAF Draft. He was selected by the Frankfurt Galaxy of the WLAF in the fifth round of the 1992 WLAF Draft. McGuirk played for the AFL's Fort Worth Cavalry in 1994. He recorded 54 tackles, 21 pass blocks, 2 forced fumbles and 5 interceptions for the Cavalry. In 1995, he was a member of the practice squad of the San Francisco 49ers of the National Football League. McGuirk was released by the 49ers in October 1995. He played for the San Jose SaberCats of the AFL from 1995 to 1998, earning First Team All-Arena honors in 1995 and 1996. He spent time with the San Francisco 49ers in 1996.
# 2025 Wales rugby union tour of Japan

The Wales national rugby union team is scheduled to tour Japan in July 2025, as part of the 2025 mid-year rugby union tests. The first test against the Japan national team is scheduled to be played at the Mikuni World Stadium Kitakyushu on 5 July, followed by the second test at the Noevir Stadium Kobe a week later. It will be Wales' third tour to Japan and their first since 2013, having cancelled a tour to Japan and New Zealand in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. That 2013 tour saw Japan record their only win over Wales in 14 previous meetings, including ten tests. The most recent meeting finished in a 33–30 win for Wales in Cardiff in November 2016. Before the series, a Japan XV will play a match against the Māori All Blacks.

## Fixtures

| Date | Venue | Home | Score | Away | Source |
| 5 July 2025 | Mikuni World Stadium Kitakyushu | Japan | v | Wales | |
| 12 July 2025 | Noevir Stadium Kobe | Japan | v | Wales | |

## Matches
### Japan vs Wales (1st test)

* 5 July 2025
| Japan | v | Wales |
* Mikuni World Stadium Kitakyushu

### Japan vs Wales (2nd test)

* 12 July 2025
| Japan | v | Wales |
* Noevir Stadium Kobe
# John Phillips (John, the Wolf King of L.A.)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| Christgau's Record Guide | B+ |
John Phillips (John, the Wolf King of L.A.) is the first solo recording by the Mamas & the Papas leader John Phillips. All songs were Phillips originals, dealing mostly with recent events in Phillips' life, including references to his new girlfriend Geneviève Waïte and longtime friend Ann Marshall ("April Anne"). The backing musicians included members of Wrecking Crew. The album has received favorable contemporary reviews. The album was selected as one of ShortList's 55 Coolest Albums Ever.
As Phillips was the backing singer in the Mamas and the Papas, with the other three serving as lead singers, the album mix tends to de-emphasize his lead vocals. Denny Doherty stated that, had the Mamas & the Papas performed this album, it would have been one of their finest, because of the strength of Phillips' songs. "Mississippi" reached number 32 on the Billboard Hot 100 singles chart in the United States. Phillips and the other members of the Mamas & the Papas were threatened with a lawsuit just as the album was released, discouraging the label from promoting the album.
In 2006, the album was reissued by Varèse Sarabande with eight bonus tracks, also mostly Phillips originals.

## Charts

| Chart (1970) | Peak position |
| US Billboard 200 | 181 |

## Track listing

All songs written by John Phillips, except where noted.
* "April Anne" – 3:22
* "Topanga Canyon" – 3:53
* "Malibu People" – 3:41
* "Someone's Sleeping" – 2:46
* "Drum" – 3:36
* "Captain" – 3:25
* "Let It Bleed, Genevieve" – 2:53
* "Down the Beach" – 2:52
* "Mississippi" – 3:36
* "Holland Tunnel" – 3:41
2006 bonus tracks
* "Shady" – 3:48
* "Lonely Children" – 3:44
* "Lady Genevieve" – 4:30
* "Black Girl" (Traditional) – 3:29
* "The Frenchman" – 4:03
* "16mm Baby" (Matthew Reich) – 2:41
* "Larry, Joe, Hal and Me" – 2:25
* "Mississippi" [Single Version] – 3:07

## Personnel

* John Phillips – vocals, guitar, harmonica
* Buddy Emmons – pedal steel
* James Burton – guitar, dobro
* Red Rhodes – steel guitar
* Darlene Love – vocals
* Fanita James – vocals
* Jean King – vocals
* Gordon Terry – fiddle, violin
* Hal Blaine – drums
* David Cohen – guitar
* Dr. Eric Hord – guitar
* Larry Knechtel – keyboards
* Joe Osborn – bass

### Technical

* Chuck Britz – engineer
* Tom Gundelfinger – photography
# Dorothy Wood, Countess of Halifax

Dorothy Evelyn Augusta Wood, Countess of Halifax (née Onslow; 7 February 1885 – 2 February 1976), styled as the Lady Irwin from 1925 until 1934, was a British aristocrat, courtier, and Vicereine of India. Born at Richmond Terrace, Whitehall, London, she was the daughter of William Onslow, 4th Earl of Onslow, Governor-General of New Zealand, and Hon. Florence Gardner, the daughter of Alan Gardner, 3rd Baron Gardner. Her brother, Richard William Alan Onslow, was a prominent politician and succeeded to the Earldom of Onslow.
She was the wife of Viceroy and Governor-General Edward Frederick Lindley Wood, 1st Earl of Halifax. They had five children, including Charles Wood, 2nd Earl of Halifax and Richard Wood, Baron Holderness. She held the office of Lady of the Bedchamber to Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother.
Having succeeded the Countess of Reading in 1926 (and Viscountess Goschen in 1929), she was succeeded, as Viceregal-Consort of India, by The Countess of Willingdon in 1931.
# Pavilion (disambiguation)

A pavilion is a type of building.
Pavilion or Pavillion may also refer to:

## Places
### United States

* Pavilion, New York, a town
** Pavilion (CDP), New York, census-designated place within the town
* Pavillion, Wyoming, a town

### Canada

* Pavilion, British Columbia, a ranching community and First Nations community
** Pavilion Indian Band, a First Nations government in British Columbia
** Pavilion Lake, a lake near Pavilion, British Columbia
** Pavilion Mountain, a mountain in British Columbia

## Named structures
### United Kingdom

* London Pavilion, a shopping arcade
* Royal Pavilion, a former royal residence in Brighton

### United States

* The Pavilion (UC Davis), home to the UC Davis Aggies men's and women's basketball teams
* The Pavilion at Ole Miss, home to the Ole Miss Rebels men's and women's basketball teams
* The Pavilion (Scranton, Pennsylvania), an outdoor amphitheater within the Montage Mountain Ski Resort
* The Pavilion (Vermont), the principal workplace of the governor of Vermont
* Finneran Pavilion, formerly The Pavilion, home to the Villanova Wildcats men's and women's basketball teams
* Myrtle Beach Pavilion in Myrtle Beach, South Carolina

### Elsewhere

* Pavilion Kuala Lumpur, a shopping mall in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
* Pavilion, Singapore, former Government House.
* The Pavilion (mall), a shopping mall in Westville, South Africa
* The Pavilion (Halifax), a former all-ages music venue

## Other uses

* "Pavilion" (song), by Eric Johnson from Venus Isle
* Pavilion (TV series), a 1967 Canadian travel documentary series
* Pavilion (co-working business club), a British business members' group
* Pavilion Books, a U.K. publisher imprint owned by Anova Books
* Pavilions (supermarket), a California supermarket chain owned by Albertsons
* Cricket pavilion, a building at a cricket ground
* HP Pavilion, Hewlett-Packard's brand name of computers and notebooks
* Umbraculum or the pavilion, an historic piece of the papal regalia and insignia
* The Pavilion, a play by Craig Wright
* Pavilion, the lower part of a faceted gemstone
* Pavilion, a physical space for networking and business operated by Hub Culture
* Pavilion (video game)
# Hopkinton School District (New Hampshire)

Hopkinton School District is a public school district located in Hopkinton, New Hampshire, U.S. The district serves about 900 students in four schools.

## Schools
### High schools

* Hopkinton High School

### Middle schools

* Hopkinton Middle School (combined in same building as high school)

### Elementary schools

* Maple Street School 4-6
* Harold Martin School PK-3

## School Board

| Name | | Term |
| Andrea Folsom | Chair | Term expires 2023 |
| Rob Nadeau | Vice Chair | Term expires 2023 |
| Norman Goupil | | Term expires 2025 |
| Jim O'Brien | | Term expires 2024 |
| Dulcie Madden Lipoma | | Term expires 2024 |
| Rob Nadeau | | Term expires 2023 |
| Noah Aframe, Class of 2025 | HHS Student Representative | 2022-23 |
| Florence Dapice | HHS Student Representative | 2022-23 |
# Digeh Sara

Digeh Sara (Persian: ديگه سرا, also romanized as Dīgeh Sarā; also known as Dal‘eh Sarāi, Darkhāneh, Degah Sarāi, Degakh-Saray, Dekeh Sarā, Dīgeh Sarā-ye Pā’īn, and Dīkeh Sarā) is a village in Khaleh Sara Rural District, Asalem District, Talesh County, Gilan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census its population was 624, in 140 families.
# Emilia-Romagna Open

The Emilia-Romagna Open is a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It is currently a WTA 125 event (since 2023) on the WTA Tour for women and part of the ATP Challenger Tour 125 (since 2022) for men. It is held annually in Parma, Italy since 2021. Since 2024 it is held in Sassuolo, Modena for men.

## Past finals
### Women's singles

| Year | Champion | Runner-up | Score |
| ↓ WTA 250 event ↓ ||||
| 2021 | Coco Gauff | Wang Qiang | 6–1, 6–3 |
| 2022 | Mayar Sherif | Maria Sakkari | 7–5, 6–3 |
| ↓ WTA 125 event ↓ ||||
| 2023 | Ana Bogdan | Anna Karolína Schmiedlová | 7–5, 6–1 |
| 2024 | Anna Karolína Schmiedlová | Mayar Sherif | 7–5, 2–6, 6–4 |

### Women's doubles

| Year | Champions | Runners-up | Score |
| ↓ WTA 250 event ↓ ||||
| 2021 | Coco Gauff Caty McNally | Darija Jurak Andreja Klepač | 6–3, 6–2 |
| 2022 | Anastasia Dețiuc Miriam Kolodziejová | Arantxa Rus Tamara Zidanšek | 1–6, 6–3, [10–8] |
| ↓ WTA 125 event ↓ ||||
| 2023 | Dalila Jakupović Irina Khromacheva | Anna Bondár Kimberley Zimmermann | 6–2, 6–3 |
| 2024 | Anna Danilina Irina Khromacheva (2) | Ingrid Gamarra Martins Elixane Lechemia | 6–1, 6–2 |

### Men's singles

| Year | Champion | Runner-up | Score |
| ↓ ATP Challenger Tour ↓ ||||
| 2019 | Tommy Robredo | Federico Gaio | 7–6$^{(12–10)}$, 5–7, 7–6$^{(8–6)}$ |
| 2020 | Frances Tiafoe | Salvatore Caruso | 6–3, 3–6, 6–4 |
| ↓ ATP Tour 250 ↓ ||||
| 2021 | Sebastian Korda | Marco Cecchinato | 6–2, 6–4 |
| ↓ ATP Challenger Tour ↓ ||||
| 2022 | Borna Ćorić | Elias Ymer | 7–6$^{(7–4)}$, 6–0 |
| 2023 | Alexandre Müller | Francesco Maestrelli | 6–1, 6–4 |
| 2024 | Jesper de Jong | Daniel Altmaier | 7–6$^{(7–5)}$, 6–1 |

### Men's doubles

| Year | Champions | Runners-up | Score |
| 2019 | Laurynas Grigelis Andrea Pellegrino | Ariel Behar Gonzalo Escobar | 1–6, 6–3, [10–7] |
| 2020 | Marcelo Arévalo Tomislav Brkić | Ariel Behar Gonzalo Escobar | 6–4, 6–4 |
| ↓ ATP Tour 250 ↓ ||||
| 2021 | Simone Bolelli Máximo González | Oliver Marach Aisam-ul-Haq Qureshi | 6–3, 6–3 |
| ↓ ATP Challenger Tour ↓ ||||
| 2022 | Luciano Darderi Fernando Romboli | Denys Molchanov Igor Zelenay | 6–2, 6–3 |
| 2023 | Jonathan Eysseric Miguel Ángel Reyes-Varela | Luca Margaroli Ramkumar Ramanathan | 6–2, 6–3 |
| 2024 | Marco Bortolotti Matthew Romios | Ryan Seggerman Patrik Trhac | 7–6$^{(9–7)}$, 2–6, [11–9] |