# Philip Ridley

Philip Ridley is an English storyteller working in a wide range of genres and artistic media.
As a visual artist he has been cited as a contemporary of the Young British Artists, and had his artwork exhibited internationally.
He has written novels for both adults and children.
In film, he is perhaps best known for his award-winning screenplay for the film, The Krays (1990), a biopic about the Kray twins which was directed by Peter Medak. As a filmmaker in his own right, he created a loose trilogy of horror films: The Reflecting Skin (1990), The Passion of Darkly Noon (1995) and Heartless (2009) for which he has acquired a cult following.
As a playwright he has been described as "a pioneer of In-yer-face theatre", which is a style and sensibility of drama that characterised many new plays that were performed in Britain during the 1990s. Ridley's debut play, The Pitchfork Disney (1991), is considered by many to be a seminal work that influenced the development of this form of theatre. One critic dubbed it "the key play" of the 1990s. A great number of his plays for adults have been perceived as controversial, and provoked both condemnation and high acclaim upon their initial reception.
As a writer for the stage he is also recognised for creating an ongoing series of plays for young people (The Storyteller Sequence). He has written theatrical works for children and family audiences.
As a songwriter Ridley has created songs for his films and plays, frequently collaborating with composer Nick Bicât. He and Bicât have also formed a music group, called Dreamskin Cradle, with singer Mary Leay. Ridley has also written songs for composer Anna Meredith, particularly operatic work.
Ridley is also a poet, photographer, and performance artist, and has written drama for radio.
Ridley dislikes his work being categorised by the medium in which it is told, often referring to the different genre pieces belonging to each other as "different peaks of the same mountain."

## Biography

Ridley was born in Bethnal Green in the East End of London. He has lived and worked for the majority of his life until moving to Ilford, also in East London. Ridley studied painting at Saint Martin's School of Art, and his work has been exhibited throughout Europe and Japan.
He started as both a performance artist and the creator of a long sequence of charcoal drawings called The Epic of Oracle Foster. One drawing from this sequence, "Corvus Cum", portraying a man ejaculating a black bird, was exhibited at the ICA in London while Ridley was still a student. With calls by some viewers for it to be displayed behind a curtain, it became a cause célèbre. Ridley also started his own theatre group as a student, acting in many of the productions, and made several short art films.

### Writing

Ridley has written three books for adults: Crocodilia (1988), In the Eyes of Mr. Fury (1989), and Flamingoes in Orbit (1990).
His children's novels include Mercedes Ice (1989), Dakota of the White Flats (1989), Krindlekrax (1991) (winner of the Smarties Prize and the WH Smith Mind-Boggling Book Award), Meteorite Spoon (1994), Kasper in the Glitter (1994) (nominated for the Whitbread Prize), Scribbleboy (1997) (shortlisted for the Carnegie Medal), Zinderzunder (1998), Vinegar Street (2000), Mighty Fizz Chilla (2002) (shortlisted for the Blue Peter Book of the Year Award), and Zip's Apollo (2005). He also has written two short stories for younger children, Dreamboat Zing (1996) and The Hooligan's Shampoo (1996).

### Film

After graduating from St Martin's, Ridley created the short film, Visiting Mr Beak (1987), which starred the veteran actor Guy Rolfe. The next year he created a short film for Channel 4 called The Universe of Dermot Finn (1988), which featured renowned actress Sheila Hancock and was officially selected for the Cannes Film Festival. A critical success there, it received theatrical distribution.
While still a student at St Martin's, Ridley wrote a screenplay for The Krays (1990), which was directed by Peter Medak and starred real-life brothers Gary Kemp and Martin Kemp. They had previously been recognised for their band, Spandau Ballet.
Ridley has also directed three feature films from his own screenplays: The Reflecting Skin (1990) (winner of 11 international awards), The Passion of Darkly Noon (1995) (winner of the Best Director Prize at the Porto Film Festival), and Heartless (2009).
Ridley's third film as writer-director, Heartless, premiered at the Frightfest horror film festival in London in August 2009. The film stars Jim Sturgess, Clémence Poésy, Noel Clarke, Eddie Marsan, Luke Treadaway, Ruth Sheen, and Timothy Spall, and was released in the UK in May 2010. It was the first mainstream British film to be released across all platforms (theatrical, DVD, Blu-ray, download) at the same time.
In 1996 Hungary's Titanic Film Festival had a retrospective of Ridley's work.

### Theatre

Ridley has written 15 adult stage plays: the seminal The Pitchfork Disney (1990), the multi-award-winning The Fastest Clock in the Universe (1992), Ghost from a Perfect Place (1994), Vincent River (2000), the controversial Mercury Fur (2005), Leaves of Glass (2007), Piranha Heights (2008), Tender Napalm (2011), Shivered (2012), Dark Vanilla Jungle (2013), Radiant Vermin (2015), Tonight with Donny Stixx (2015), Karagula (2016), and The Poltergeist (2020).
Ridley has also written various monologues, many of which have been selectively performed together onstage. This includes Killer (consisting of the monologues Killer, Sledgehammers, and Vesper) performed in 2017, Angry (consisting of the monologues Angry, Okay, Bloodshot, Dancing, Now, and Air) performed in 2018, and The Beast Will Rise (consisting of the monologues Performance, Gators, Star, Rosewater, and Cactus) performed in 2020.
Ridley is additionally known for his series of plays for young people (known collectively as The Storyteller Sequence), consisting of Karamazoo (2004), Fairytaleheart (1998), Moonfleece (2004), Sparkleshark, and Brokenville (2003).
He has also written two plays for young children, Daffodil Scissors (2004) and Krindlekrax (2002) - a stage adaptation of his successful children's novel of the same name - as well as a play for the whole family, Feathers in the Snow (2012).
Ridley was one of 25 contemporary British writers asked to contribute a scene to NT25 Chain Play, celebrating 25 years of the Royal National Theatre in London.

### Music

Ridley has written a wide range of songs, some of which have featured in his plays, films, and novels. As a student Ridley participated in music by creating work with a band called Haunted Staircase (who released their double-sided record Flutters in the early 1980s). He also worked as a DJ at a nightclub.
As a songwriter he has regularly collaborated with composer, Nick Bicât. For Ridley's film, The Passion of Darkly Noon, they created two songs: "Look What You've Done" (sung by Gavin Friday) and "Who Will Love Me Now?" (sung by PJ Harvey), the latter of which was voted as BBC Radio 1's Best Film Song of 1998. It was later covered by the techno/house band Sunscreem as Please Save Me, whose cover entered the UK top 40 chart, became a cult hit in clubs, and featured in the film South West 9. For his film Heartless, Ridley and Bicât created ten songs (performed by Mary Leay, Joe Echo, and lead actor Jim Sturgess).
In 2010 Ridley and Bicât formed the music group, 'Dreamskin Cradle' (with singer Mary Leay). The group's first album, Songs from Grimm (2014), consisted of twelve songs inspired by female characters in Brothers Grimm fairy tales; it was released on all major download sites. Some songs from the album were performed as part of a live performance called Grimm Tales, which was developed by the St Paul's Institute and featured readings by actress Jeany Spark, reflections from Canon Edmund Newell, and extracts from Brothers Grimm fairy tales adapted by poet laureate Carol Ann Duffy. Dreamskin Cradle have also released two singles: Fade and Float (written for Ridley's stage play, Tender Napalm) and Ladybird First (written for Ridley's stage play, Dark Vanilla Jungle).
Ridley also has written the libretto of an opera for teenagers titled Tarantula in Petrol Blue. With music composed by Anna Meredith, it had its premiere in 2009.

### Other work

Ridley is a photographer, and his images have appeared on the covers of some of his published plays. He also has had photography exhibitions, mainly consisting of portraits of his friends and images of East London.
Ridley is also a poet. Some poetry has been published in anthologies, and he has earned a following for his ongoing series of performance poetry, Lovesongs for Extinct Creatures.
Ridley has won the Evening Standard awards for Most Promising Newcomer to British Film and Most Promising Playwright. He is the only person ever to receive both prizes.
He was featured on BBC2's arts programme, The Culture Show, on 2 March 2012.

## List of works
### Radio plays

* 1989 – October Scars the Skin (script unpublished)
* 1989 – The Aquarium of Coincidences (script unpublished)
* 1991 – Shambolic Rainbow (script unpublished)

### Exhibitions
## Selected works in anthologies

* 1987 – Short Story Embracing Verdi in the anthology Oranges and Lemons: Stories by Gay Men (edited by David Rees and Peter Robbins)
* 1988 – Short Story Leviathan in the anthology 20 Under 35: Original Stories by Britain's Best New Young Writers (edited by Peter Straus)
* 1995 – Short Story Alien Heart in Projections 4½ (edited by John Boorman and Walter Donohue)
* 1996 – Extract from The Fastest Clock in the Universe in the collection Live 3: Critical Mass (edited by David Tushingham)
* 1997 – Short Story Embracing Verdi in the anthology The Mammoth Book of Gay Short Stories (edited by Peter Burton)
* 1997 – Three poems: Someone Wants to Kill Me, The Seams and Getting Through the Day in The Bush Theatre Book (edited by Mike Bradwell)
* 2000 – Extract from Krindlekrax in the collection Out of this world
* 2003 – Poem The Silver Hat in the anthology Love (edited by Fiona Waters)
* 2005 – Poem The Prince and the Snail in the anthology The Works 4 (edited by Gaby Morgan)
* 2007 – Three poems: Dark Sky Craving, Waiting For Faces To Fall and I Am The Boy in the anthology Poems for the Retired Nihilist: Volume 2 (edited by Graham Bendel)
* 2009 – Monologue Vesper in Modern British Playwriting: The 1990s: Voices, Documents, New Interpretations (edited by Aleks Sierz)
* 2021 – Short story Sunday in Mainstream: An Anthology of Stories from the Edges (edited by Justin David and Nathan Evans)

## Derivative works

* In the British radio and TV comedy Little Britain, the character of Vicky Pollard comes from Darkley Noone council estates. This is named after Ridley's film The Passion of Darkly Noon.
* The music track The Light at the End (Effect) by industrial/noise rock duo Uniform (from their 2017 LP Wake in Fright) uses a dialogue excerpt from The Reflecting Skin.
* In 2011 the Schema Arts Collective used Ridley's 2005 play Mercury Fur as the basis for a community arts project called Behind the Eyes, which took place at the Sassoon Gallery, London. The project featured an amateur production of Mercury Fur, displayed artwork inspired by the play, and Ridley collaborated by exhibiting a series of photographic portraits he had created of the production's cast. A behind the scenes documentary about the project called Mercury Fur Unveiled was also made and later broadcast on the Community Channel in 2013. It is free to watch online.
* In 2007 performance pieces inspired by Ridley's semi-autobiographical Introduction to Philip Ridley Plays: 1 were presented by young directors under the title Gleaming Dark. This received a one-off performance at Trafalgar Studios in conjunction with the venue's revival of Ridley's play Vincent River.
* A quote from Ridley's children novel Dakota of the White Flats is used as the epigraph for chapter 6 of Cornelia Funke's young adult fantasy novel Inkspell.
* The German band Troy Flamingo are named after a character from one of Ridley's short stories.
* The American band Reflecting Skin is named after Ridley's film of the same name.
* Reece Nagra's remix of Buju Banton's song Murderer opens with an excerpt of dialogue from The Krays. It develops as a drum and bass anthem.
* Phil Western's 1998 album The Escapist features excerpts of dialogue from The Reflecting Skin.
* The song Fury Eyes (from the Creatures' second album, Boomerang) is dedicated to Ridley's novel In the Eyes of Mr. Fury.
* The Song Troy Flamingo from Madonna Hip Hop Massaker's 1995 album Teenie Trap is based on the title story of Ridley's 1999 book Flamingoes in Orbit.
* Ridley's song Who Will Love Me Now? was covered by the techno/house band Sunscreem under the title Please Save Me. The song became a cult hit in clubs, entered the top 40 UK chart, top 30 US dance chart and featured in the film South West 9.
* The song Omlagus Garfungiloops (from Coil's 1992 album Stolen & Contaminated Songs) features excerpts of dialogue from The Reflecting Skin.
* The Scottish band River Head used a photography still from The Reflecting Skin on the cover of their 1992 single sided 7-inch EP Was Away / Haddit.
* Ridley's image Rainbow Kiss was used on the cover of the short story collection Oranges and Lemons: Stories by Gay Men, to which he also contributed as a writer.
* Ridley's charcoal drawing The Conversation was used as the cover to cult band Blowzabella's 1988 album Pingha Frenzy.

## Notable awards won

* The 2013 Scotsman Fringe First Award for Dark Vanilla Jungle.
* The 2010 Toronto After Dark Film Festival Vision Award for Best Independent Feature Film for Heartless.
* The 2010 Fantasporto Film Festival Best Film Award for Heartless.
* The 2010 Fantasporto Film Festival Best Director Award for Heartless.
* The 2009 Leeds International Film Festival Silver Melies Award for Heartless.
* The 1993 WH Smith Mind-Boggling Book Award for Krindlekrax.
* The 1993 Meyer-Whitworth Award for Most Promising New Playwright for The Fastest Clock in the Universe.
* A 1992 Time Out Award for The Fastest Clock in the Universe.
* The 1992 Critics' Circle Theatre Award for Most Promising Playwright for The Fastest Clock in the Universe.
* The 1992 Evening Standard Theatre Award for Most Promising Playwright for The Fastest Clock in the Universe.
* The 1991 Nestle Smarties Book Prize (9–11 years category) for Krindlekrax.
* The 1990 Evening Standard British Film Award for Most Promising Newcomer for The Krays.
* The 1990 Evening Standard British Film Award for Best Film for The Krays
* Silver Leopard at the Locarno Film Festival for The Reflecting Skin.
* Grand Prize at the Stockholm Film Festival for The Reflecting Skin.

## Notable award nominations

* Longlisted for the 2016 Off-West End Best New Play Award for Karagula
* Longlisted for the 2016 Off-West End Best Production Award for Karagula
* Shortlisted for the 2011 London Festival Fringe Best Play Award for the 2010 London revival of Vincent River.
* Shortlisted for the 2013 Brian Way Best New Play Award for Feathers in the Snow
* Shortlisted for the 2012 Off-West End Best New Play Award for Shivered
* Shortlisted for the 2011 London Festival Fringe Best Play Award for the 2010 London revival of Vincent River.
* Nominated for the 2011 London Festival Fringe Best Play Award for Tender Napalm
* Shortlisted for The MOBIUS Best Off-West End Production award for Piranha Heights at the 2009 WhatsOnStage.com Theatregoers Choice Awards
* Longlisted for the Carnegie Medal for Mighty Fizz Chilla
* Shortlisted for the Blue Peter Book Award: The Book I Couldn't Put Down for Mighty Fizz Chilla
* Shortlisted for The Carnegie Medal for Scribbleboy
* Shortlisted for the 1995 Whitbread Children's Book Award for Kasper in the Glitter
* Shortlisted for the 1990 Evening Standard British Film Awards for Best Screenplay for The Krays
* Best Short Film at Cannes Film Festival for The Universe of Dermot Finn