OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Londis (United Kingdom)

Londis is a symbol group in the United Kingdom with over 2,000 stores nationwide. Tesco owns the brand, following its 2018 purchase of Booker Group.
Although it was formerly a subsidiary, the Londis brand in Ireland is no longer related to Londis (UK).

## Etymology

The name Londis is a contraction of "London District Stores".

## History
### Foundation

Londis was established in Great Britain in 1959 by Kevin Stanley-Adams as a communally owned company, with each retailer owning a share in the parent company.

### Acquisition by Musgrave Group

However, in June 2004, the parent company was sold to the Irish Musgrave wholesale chain with a payment of £31,000 being made to each retailer who owned a stake, bringing it under the same ownership as Budgens, which has now adopted a similar franchise based business model. This acquisition proved controversial, with the CEO of Musgrave in the United Kingdom, Eoin McGettigan, steering through the choppy waters of member revolts and counter offers from others backed by Icelandic banks. A separate, but wholly owned subsidiary company, Musgrave Retail Partners GB Ltd. was formed to supply the stores, until it was sold to Booker Group in 2015. In May 2015, Londis' parent company Musgrave Group confirmed it had reached an agreement to sell Budgens and Londis for £40 million to the wholesaler Booker Group, subject to regulatory approval.

### Acquisition by Booker Group

Since May 2015, the company has been owned by Booker Group, which purchased Londis and its sister company Budgens from the Musgrave Group for £40 million.
Tesco plc acquired Booker Group in 2018.

## Operations

The current Londis retailer network is in excess of 2,200 stores and forecourt shops located throughout England, Scotland and Wales.
# Grand World (Phú Quốc)

The Grand World is a channel in Phú Quốc, Vietnam. It forms one of the major water-traffic corridors in the city.
# Mercer County Courthouse (Illinois)

The Mercer County Courthouse, located on Southeast 3rd Street (Illinois Route 17) in Aledo, is the county courthouse serving Mercer County, Illinois. The courthouse was authorized in 1893 to accommodate the growing county's needs and completed the following year. Architect Mifflin E. Bell designed the Romanesque Revival building; he later expanded upon the same plans to design the DuPage County Courthouse. The three-story sandstone building has arched entrances on all four sides. A clock tower rises above the center of the building, and several dormers project from the sides of the roof.
The courthouse was added to the National Register of Historic Places on June 17, 1982.
# Barracudasaurus

Barracudasaurus is a dubious genus of ichthyosaur from the Triassic of China, containing the single species B. maotaiensis.

## Description

Barracudasaurus had elongated, conical premaxillary teeth with rounded cross-section and wide spacing. The maxilla is short anteriorly.
# Diego Rosales (Mexican footballer)

Diego Alejandro Rosales Islas (born 4 April 1998) is a former Mexican professional footballer who played as a left-back for Liga de Expansión MX club Pumas Tabasco, on loan from UNAM.
# Alfred Klee

Alfred Klee (25 January 1875 – 10 November 1943) was the younger associate of Theodor Herzl and one of the earliest leaders of German Zionism.

## Zionist leader

As a young man in Berlin, he was a pioneer of the Zionist movement. He counted Theodor Herzl and Max Nordau among his close friends. He became a prominent spokesperson for the movement in its early days, being known for his oratorical abilities. He held numerous positions across the movements, such as co-founder of the Jüdishe Volkspartei in 1919 and the Vice-President in the Berlin Jewish community. He was also the elected representative of the Berlin Kehillah to the Council of the Jewish Colonization Association (JCA or ICA), which aimed to find refuge for Jewish people and improve the conditions of populations already living in refuge.

## Lawyer

Alfred Klee earned his doctorate from the University of Tübingen in 1902. He specialised in criminal law, especially cases involving Jewish honour. He is most noted in this respect for winning the libel case against Count von Reventlow and his support for The Protocols of the Elders of Zion.

## Political views

In his book Between Jew and Arab: The Lost Voice of Simon Rawidowicz, David N. Myers notes that:
   "As a German Zionist of the first generation, Klee did not conceive of his commitment to Zionism as inconsistent with his support for social and cultural work in the Diaspora. Indeed, there were more than a few Zionists such as Klee who rejected the principle of “negating the Exile” and saw Jewish life outside of Palestine less as a permanent state of exile than as a venue replete with creative possibilities."

## Death

He died at Westerbork concentration camp in Holland in 1943.
# Kay LeRoy Ruggles

Kay LeRoy Ruggles (June 5, 1932 - May 16, 2012) was an American inventor and designer known for UMBO shelving and furniture, invention of the tubular water slide, and the invention of the integral sink/countertop out of cultured marble. Ruggles also has many patents and designs related to window coverings. Kay has designed things in many different industries including manufacturing, bathroom fixtures, automotive, space, furniture, and musical instruments.
On Kay's 21st birthday, he was commissioned as an ensign to the U.S. Navy and was later appointed to the position of Lt. Jg USN Gunnery Officer on a destroyer. Kay worked on interesting projects throughout his life. He worked as a project engineer on the first fiberglass Corvette bodies at Molded Fiberglass and as a design engineer on Minuteman missiles at Hercules and Thiokol. He was partner at Associated Design Company which was later purchased by American Standard.
Kay was born June 5, 1932, to Virgil LeRoy Ruggles and Emma Lucille Cazier in Pocatello, Idaho. Kay graduated from South High School in 1949 on his 17th birthday; he later graduated from the University of Utah in 1953 with a BS in Industrial Design. As a student at the University of Utah, on September 20, 1952, he married Beverly Jane Dallimore and was later sealed to her in the Salt Lake City Temple on January 12, 1966.
Kay was also a staunch conservative and avid listen and fan of The Rush Limbaugh Show.
# Mercer Log House

The Mercer Log House is a large log cabin in the city of Fairborn, Ohio, United States. Home to the city's first settlers and changed very little since their time, it is one of Ohio's best preserved log cabins from the settlement period, and it has been named a historic site.

## Historic context

According to local tradition, part of present-day Fairborn was occupied by an Indian village until the 1790s, when they were driven from their village by a force of soldiers from Kentucky. The land did not remain unoccupied for long; Bath Township's first settlers had become well established by the time that Greene County was organized in 1803. By the end of the 1790s, a family from Virginia named Mercer had immigrated to the Northwest Territory and purchased a large tract of land at 25¢ per acre (approximately $61.78 per km²) that included the site of the Indian village. While the Mercers' precise date of arrival is unknown, it seems certain that crops were being raised in the township before George Washington's death in 1799. They were the first of several early families in the vicinity of modern Fairborn, which had at least five resident families by the time of the birth of the first white child in 1800.$^{:285}$ These early settlers were isolated from surrounding regions for the first twenty years after the Mercers arrived; except for the road running between the cities of Dayton and Springfield, the township's best transportation routes were paths through the dense forest, although the nearby Mad River could be used for light freight transportation during the spring floods.$^{:287}$ By the end of the 1810s, more settlers were moving into the area; Fairborn (then known as Fairfield) was platted in 1817, by which time the property was owned by Robert Mercer.

## Architecture

The Mercers constructed a log cabin on their property soon after arriving; while its precise date of construction is uncertain, the Mercer Log House is believed to have been built in 1799. Set on a stone foundation, the house is a typical example of the region's turn-of-the-century vernacular architecture, due to features such as its square appearance (produced by the nearly one-to-one ratio between its height, length, and width), the large opening for a fireplace, and the small size of the other openings in the structure. Today, it is distinguished from most surviving log cabins in Ohio by its unusual degree of preservation; in order to expand them into larger structures, most early log cabins in the state have had additional openings cut in their walls, but the Mercer cabin's log walls are virtually unchanged from their original form.

## Preservation

In 1981, the Mercer Log House was listed on the National Register of Historic Places because of its historically significant architecture. It is one of three Fairborn buildings listed on the National Register, along with the Fairborn Theatre of 1948 and the former Bath Township Consolidated School of 1924.
The house is owned by the city as part of the small Mercer-Smith Historical Park.
# Leptobarbus hoevenii

Leptobarbus hoevenii, Hoven's carp, mad barb or sultan fish, is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Leptobarbidae, the cigar barbs.
Named in honor of Bleeker's fellow Dutchman, "le célèbre professeur de zoologie" Jan van der Hoeven (1801–1868).

## Ecology

It is native to freshwater habitats in the Thai-Malay Peninsula, Borneo and Sumatra. In Peninsular Malaysia, this species is only found the states of Perak and Pahang. However, a single specimen was caught in the Bernam River, Selangor. Populations further north in the Chao Phraya and Mekong Basins were included in this species until 2009, but are now considered a separate species, L. rubripinna. The two are frequently confused and the same common names have been used for both; only L. rubripinna is known from the aquarium trade.
It may reach up to about 1 m (3 ft) long. A midwater to near bottom dweller. frequently lives in groups. Stomach contents shows signs of an omnivorous diet, mainly shrimp, insect larvae and green matter.

## Economic Importance

In Malaysia, it is a highly prized food fish, being one of the most expensive fish in the country, wild specimens can be sold for thousands of ringgit. Due to this they are overfished and are now rare in the wild, further increasing their value and local fishermen's incentive to catch it. Their soft meat and scales are considered a delicacy.

## Cultural History

In Malaysia, the reason for its other common local name, translated to "The Sultan Fish" is attributed to the claim that the fish was a favorite among royal members and that palace workers would go to markets and call for any fishermen that had the Sultan's fish. By word of mouth, the fish was then referred as the Sultan's fish.
Another version is that a particular Sultan loved eating the fish so much that he decreed that peasants were not allowed to eat the fish if they were to catch it, and that the fish was to be brought to the palace for the Sultan.
In Thailand, it is called "Pla Ba" (Thai: ปลาบ้า; pronounced; "rabid fish") because when eaten, the person who eats it will become intoxicated or may even die. This is because the fish store toxins in their bodies from poisonous fruits, such as thornapples (Datura metel) or Hydnocarpus anthelminticus, that they eat.
# Saltah

Saltah (Arabic: سلتة) is a traditional Yemeni dish. Saltah is considered to be the national dish of Yemen. In the Ottoman Empire, saltah was used as a charitable food and was made with leftover food that was donated by the wealthy or the mosques. It is widely eaten in northern parts of the country. It is mainly served for lunch. The base is a brown meat stew called maraq, a dollop of fenugreek froth, and sahawiq (a mixture of chillies, tomatoes, garlic, and herbs ground into a salsa). Rice, potatoes, scrambled eggs, sambal and vegetables are common additions to saltah. It is eaten traditionally with khubz mulawah, a Yemeni flatbread used as a utensil to scoop up the dish.
Saltah is an old Yemeni dish that some say is thousands of years old. It is said that its ingredients were only maraq and hulbah (fenugreek). It has been developing since then and is split into two dishes: saltah and fahsah. Saltah is traditionally cooked in a hardened clay-pot known as a haradah.
# James Murchie

James Murchie (August 16, 1813 – May 27, 1900) was a farmer, businessman and political figure in New Brunswick. He represented Charlotte County in the Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick from 1875 to 1878 as a Liberal Party member.

## Biography

He was born in St. Stephen, New Brunswick, the son of Daniel Murchie and Janet Campbell, both natives of Scotland. In 1836, he married Mary Ann Grimmer. Murchie farmed and was also involved in the lumber trade. In 1853, he acquired a sawmill at Milltown. He went on to acquire more mills, wharves and a fleet of ships. He married Margaret Jane Thorpe in 1860 after the death of his first wife. Murchie was a director for the St Stephen’s Bank, a vice-president of the New Brunswick and Canada Railroad and president of the St. Croix Lloyds Insurance Company. After serving one term in the provincial assembly, he did not run for reelection. Murchie helped establish the St. Croix Cotton Manufacturing Company and later served as its president. He died in Milltown at the age of 86.
# Philippine asado

Philippine asado refers to two different Filipino braised meat dishes. The name originates from Spanish asado ("grilled"), a reference to the original dish it was applied to, the Chinese-Filipino version of char siu barbecues usually known as pork asado. However, Filipino versions have evolved to be braised, not grilled. The other Filipino dishes also known as asado are asado de carajay and asado matua. Unlike the Chinese-derived version, they are savory rather than sweet.

## Variations
### Asado de carajay

Asado de carajay is a native asado. The name is derived from Philippine Spanish carajay ("wok", ì or kalaha in Philippine languages). Asado de carajay is made with meat (pork, beef, or chicken) braised in soy sauce, bay leaves, peppercorns, calamansi, onions, and various vegetables (usually tomatoes, potatoes, mushrooms, and carrots). It is traditionally cooked in a wok, hence the name.
Asado de carajay is differentiated from the "Chinese-style" pork asado in the use of vegetables, the absence of Chinese spices, and its savory flavor. It is also not restricted to pork, but can be cooked with beef or chicken.

### Asado matua

Asado matua (Kapampangan for "old-fashioned/traditional asado") is a unique variation of asado de carajay that originates from Pampanga. It uses whole pork rump or shoulder (known as kasim) slow-cooked in a sauce with tomatoes, potatoes, calamansi, oregano, garlic, onion, black pepper, soy sauce, salt, and oil. Variations in different household recipes also add other ingredients like grated cheese, chorizo de Bilbao, chicken liver, pickles, and/or Vienna sausages.
Asado matua is also known as "Kapampangan asado", asadong Pasko, asadong barrio, and abo-abo, among other names, due to their association with fiestas in the province of Pampanga.

### Pork asado

Pork asado, also known as "Chinese" asado or "Chinese-style" asado, is the variant most commonly associated with the name asado. It is derived from the Chinese dish char siu, and possibly also influenced by the Hokkien dish tau yew bak. Unlike char siu, however, the dish is always braised, not grilled or roasted. The dish is made with pork braised in soy sauce, garlic, bay leaves, onion, brown sugar, and various Chinese spices (usually star anise and five spice). It is very similar to humba and pata tim, which also originate from Chinese-Filipino migrants. It also resembles hamonado, because of its sweetness, though hamonado uses pineapple and is a native dish.
Pork asado is usually sliced thinly and served with the braising liquid. Pork asado is also commonly shredded and used as fillings for sandwiches and buns. It is also the primary filling of the Filipino siopao, which is also known as siopao asado.
A variant of pork asado is the "Macau-style" pork asado. It uses the same ingredients but differs primarily in that the meat is not broiled beforehand, but rather boiled directly in the marinade until tender.
# David A. Weitz

David A. Weitz (born October 3, 1951) is a Canadian/American physicist and Mallinckrodt Professor of Physics & Applied Physics at Harvard University. He is the former co-director of the BASF Advanced Research Initiative at Harvard, former co-director of the Harvard Kavli Institute for Bionano Science & Technology (2007-2010), and former director of the Harvard Materials Research Science & Engineering Center (2001-2020). He is known for his work in the areas of diffusing-wave spectroscopy, microrheology, microfluidics, rheology, fluid mechanics, interface and colloid science, colloid chemistry, biophysics, complex fluids, soft condensed matter physics, phase transitions, the study of glass and amorphous solids, liquid crystals, self-assembly, surface-enhanced light scattering, and diffusion-limited aggregation. His laboratory also developed Force spectrum microscopy, which is capable of measuring random intracellular forces. As of October 2024, he has a Hirsch index of 213.
Weitz received his B.Sc. in physics from the University of Waterloo and his PhD in superconductivity from Harvard. He then worked as a research physicist at Exxon Research and Engineering for nearly 18 years, leading the Interfaces and Inhomogeneous Materials Group and Complex Fluids Area. He then became a Professor of Physics at the University of Pennsylvania, before moving to Harvard in 1999.
In 2016, Weitz was elected a member of the National Academy of Engineering for "discoveries of complex fluids, colloids, and emulsions, which have resulted in new products and companies". Weitz is also an elected member of the National Academy of Science and the American Academy of Arts & Sciences.
Weitz is an active entrepreneur and the founder of many companies, including the microfluidics company RainDance and a desktop DNA sequencer, GnuBio, which was acquired by Biorad.
# Triplophysa wulongensis

Triplophysa wulongensis is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Triplophysa endemic to a single subterranean pool in Furong Cave, Wulong County, Chongqing, China.

## Footnotes

* ↑ Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Species related to Triplophysa wulongensis". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences.
* ↑ Chen, Shijing; Sheraliev, Bakhtiyor; Shu, Lu; Peng, Zuogang (2021). "Triplophysa wulongensis, a new species of cave-dwelling loach (Teleostei, Nemacheilidae) from Chongqing, Southwest China". ZooKeys (1026): 179–192. doi:10.3897/zookeys.1026.61570. PMC 8018939. PMID 33850421. S2CID 233211037. Retrieved 26 March 2021.
* This Nemacheilidae article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# Vanbuskirk Gulf

Vanbuskirk Gulf is a river located in Tompkins County, New York. It flows into Cayuga Inlet southeast of Newfield, New York.
# Fifth Council of Toledo

The Fifth Council of Toledo was convoked by King Chintila and opened on 30 June 636 in the church of Saint Leocadia in Toledo. It was attended by twenty two bishops and two episcopal representatives. The bishops of Narbonensis were absent for political reasons. It primarily dealt with political matters.
The council's first act was to grant special protection to the persons of the king and his family. As to this and royal elections the council made the following decrees:
* Only the higher nobility (with military functions) and the Visigothic palatine officials could participate in royal elections.
* The descendants of the king had the right to enjoy properties justly acquired by the king and willed to them. Anathema was pronounced on those who molested or injured the king. The closest councillors of the king were also protected in their possession of properties granted them by their royal patron.
* Those who consulted seers to know the future of the king, who cursed the king, or who plotted or conspired to place another on the throne would be excommunicated. Those who aspired to the throne without due election were also anathematised.
* The council established three days of litanies between 13 and 15 December each year.
The councils decrees, however, failed in their chief political aim of securing the king on his throne and putting an end to internal intrigues. Chintila continued to have to fight dissenters while Spain was otherwise at peace with the outside world. In 638, Chintila was forced to convoke the Sixth Council of Toledo.

## Sources

* Thompson, E. A. (1969) The Goths in Spain. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
* Concilium Toletanum quintum, minutes from the Collectio Hispana Gallica Augustodunensis (Vat. lat. 1341)
# Eighth Council of Toledo

The Eighth Council of Toledo commenced on 16 December 653 in the church of the Holy Apostles in Toledo in Spain. It was attended by fifty two bishops in person, including the aged Gavinio of Calahorra, who had assisted at the Fourth Council, and another ten by delegation, ten abbots, including Saint Ildefonsus, abbot of Agali monastery, and by the archpriest and primicerius of the cathedral. Also, for the first time, secular officials, sixteen counts palatine, participated in the discussion, voting, and affirmation of the council's acts.
This was the second of King Chindasuinth's two councils, held under the names of both he and his co-reigning son, Reccesuinth. The eighth council was unique in its convocation in that Chindasuinth had written a tomus to the bishops describing the issues he wished them to address.
The acts of this council chiefly concerned ecclesiastical discipline and civil law.
# Zachary A. Cunha

Zachary Anthony Cunha (born 1976) is an American lawyer who served as the United States attorney for the District of Rhode Island from 2021 until 2025.

## Early life and education

Cunha was born in Hartford, Connecticut, and grew up on Long Island, New York. He received his Bachelor of Arts, with honors, from Brown University in 1998 and he received his Juris Doctor, with honors, from the George Washington University Law School in 2001.

## Career

Cunha served as an assistant corporation counsel for New York City from 2001 to 2005. From 2005 to 2008, he served as an assistant United States attorney in the Eastern District of New York and in the District of Massachusetts from 2008 to 2013. From 2014 to 2021, he served as an assistant United States attorney in the United States Attorney's office for the District of Rhode Island.

### U.S. attorney for the District of Rhode Island

In May 2021, Senators Jack Reed and Sheldon Whitehouse recommended Cunha be the nominee to serve as U.S. Attorney. On September 28, 2021, President Joe Biden nominated Cunha to be the United States Attorney for the District of Rhode Island. On November 4, 2021, his nomination was reported out of committee by voice vote. Senators Josh Hawley and Marsha Blackburn voted "no" on record. On December 7, 2021, his nomination was confirmed in the United States Senate by voice vote. He was sworn into office on December 13, 2021.