# 2018 Malian presidential election

Presidential elections were held in Mali on 29 July 2018. In July 2018, the Constitutional Court approved the nomination of 24 candidates for the election. As no candidate received more than 50% of the vote in the first round, a runoff was held on 12 August 2018 between the top two candidates, incumbent President Ibrahim Boubacar Keïta of the Rally for Mali and Soumaïla Cissé of the Union for the Republic and Democracy. Keïta was subsequently re-elected with 67% of the vote. It was the first time in Malian history that a presidential election was forced into a runoff between an incumbent and a challenger.

## Background

In accordance with the 1992 constitution, presidential elections are held every five years. The previous elections, initially scheduled for 13 May 2012, were delayed until 28 July 2013 due to the 2012 coup d'état that overthrew President Amadou Toumani Toure.
A peace deal between Tuareg separatists and the government was signed in 2015 following negotiations through a diplomatic channel extended by the Malian government. The creation of the Macina Liberation Front in 2015, led by the preacher Amadou Koufa, has led to increased ethnic tensions and violence in the country.
There has been little or no violence in Mali's past elections which have in previous years been conducted with no protests.

## Electoral system

The President of Mali is elected by absolute majority vote using the two-round system to serve a 5-year term.

## Pre-election

There was doubt as to the safety of the elections to be held and of the governments' ability to hold them. If held, the French diplomat Jean-Pierre Lacroix has said that "the upcoming presidential elections will mark the beginning of a new chapter in the stabilization of Mali".

### Voter registration

As of July 24, there were 8,461,000 registered voters set to cast their vote 23,041 polling stations.
Of the Malian refugees living in Mbera, Mauritania, 7,000 people registered to vote in the elections.

### Candidates

There were 17 confirmed candidates and 13 more were pending as of late June. In the end, on July 5, the Constitutional Court approved the nomination of a total of 24 candidates in the election. Some of them include:
| Candidate | Party |
| Ibrahim Boubacar Keïta (incumbent) | Rally for Mali |
| Mohamed Ali Bathily | |
| Soumaïla Cissé | |
| Modibo Kone | |
| Choguel Kokala Maïga | |
| Moussa Mara | |
| Oumar Mariko | African Solidarity for Democracy and Independence |
| Djeneba N’Diaye | |
| Yeah Samake | Party for Civic and Patriotic Action |
| Harouna Sankaré | |
| Kalifa Sanogo | Alliance for Democracy in Mali |
| Moussa Sinko Coulibaly | |
| Cheick Mohamed Abdoulaye Souad | |
| Hamadoun Toure | |
| Mountaga Tall | |

### Protests and violence

On 6 June, thousands gathered in the capital Bamako to protest against Ibrahim Boubacar Keïta.
On 25 July, following a robbery at a pharmacy, protesters "burned tyres and torched vehicles" in Timbuktu in response to the deepening insecurity and alleged mistreatment by police. This precipitated a violent clash the following day involving about 100 people.
On 31 July, gunmen attacked a convoy carrying election materials in the Ségou Region. This attack and the subsequent shootout killed four soldiers and eight attackers.

## Results

| Candidate | Candidate | Party | First round | First round | Second round | Second round |
| Candidate | Candidate | Party | Votes | % | Votes | % |
| | Ibrahim Boubacar Keïta | Rally for Mali | 1,331,132 | 41.70 | 1,791,926 | 67.16 |
| | Soumaïla Cissé | Union for the Republic and Democracy | 567,679 | 17.78 | 876,124 | 32.84 |
| | Aliou Boubacar Diallo [fr] | Democratic Alliance for Peace | 256,404 | 8.03 | | |
| | Cheick Modibo Diarra | CMD | 236,025 | 7.39 | | |
| | Housseini Amion Guindo | Convergence for the Development of Mali | 124,506 | 3.90 | | |
| | Oumar Mariko | African Solidarity for Democracy and Independence | 74,300 | 2.33 | | |
| | Modibo Kone | Mali Kanu Movement | 72,941 | 2.29 | | |
| | Choguel Kokalla Maïga | Patriotic Movement for Renewal | 68,970 | 2.16 | | |
| | Harouna Sankare | Harouna Movement | 57,406 | 1.80 | | |
| | Mamadou Sidibé [fr] | Party for the Restoration of Malian Values | 54,274 | 1.70 | | |
| | Modibo Sidibé | Alternative Forces for Renewal and Emergence | 45,453 | 1.42 | | |
| | Kalfa Sanogo | Alliance for Democracy in Mali (unofficial) | 38,892 | 1.22 | | |
| | Mamadou Igor Diarra [fr] | | 36,124 | 1.13 | | |
| | Modibo Kadjoke | Alliance for Mali | 30,479 | 0.95 | | |
| | lMoussa Sinko Coulibaly [fr] | Independent | 30,232 | 0.95 | | |
| | Adama Kane | Independent | 26,084 | 0.82 | | |
| | Daba Diawara | Party for Independence, Democracy and Solidarity | 22,991 | 0.72 | | |
| | Mountaga Tall | National Congress for Democratic Initiative | 20,312 | 0.64 | | |
| | Dramane Dembélé | Alliance for Democracy in Mali | 18,737 | 0.59 | | |
| | Mohamed Aly Bathily | Association for Mali | 17,712 | 0.55 | | |
| | Hamadoun Touré | Independent | 17,087 | 0.54 | | |
| | Yeah Samake | Party for Civic and Patriotic Action | 16,632 | 0.52 | | |
| | Mamadou Traore | MIRIA | 15,502 | 0.49 | | |
| | Madame Djeneba N'diaye | Independent | 12,275 | 0.38 | | |
| Total | Total | Total | 3,192,149 | 100.00 | 2,668,050 | 100.00 |
| Valid votes | Valid votes | Valid votes | 3,192,149 | 93.44 | 2,668,050 | 96.89 |
| Invalid/blank votes | Invalid/blank votes | Invalid/blank votes | 224,069 | 6.56 | 85,648 | 3.11 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 3,416,218 | 100.00 | 2,753,698 | 100.00 |
| Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | 8,000,462 | 42.70 | 8,000,462 | 34.42 |
| Source: Constitutional Court |||||||