OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Lists of political entities by century
## 3rd millennium
### 21st century

    List of current sovereign states
    Sovereign states by decade:
| 2000s | 2010s | 2020s |

## 2nd millennium by century
### 20th century

    Sovereign states by decade:
| 1900s | 1910s | 1920s | 1930s | 1940s | 1950s | 1960s | 1970s | 1980s | 1990s |

### 19th century

    List of political entities in the 19th century
    Sovereign states by decade:
| 1800s | 1810s | 1820s | 1830s | 1840s | 1850s | 1860s | 1870s | 1880s | 1890s |

### 18th century

    Sovereign states by year:
| 1750 | 1768 | 1769 | 1775 | 1776 | 1777 | 1778 | 1779 | 1799 | 1800 |

### 17th century

    Sovereign states by year:
| 1648 | 1660 | 1661 | 1662 |

### 16th century

    Sovereign states by year:
* 1528

### 15th century

    Sovereign states by year:
| 1460 | 1494 | 1495 | 1496 | 1500 |

### 11th century

* List of political entities in the 11th century

## 1st millennium by century

* List of political entities in the 10th century
* List of political entities in the 9th century
* List of political entities in the 8th century
* List of political entities in the 7th century
* List of political entities in the 6th century
* List of political entities in the 5th century
* List of political entities in the 4th century
* List of political entities in the 3rd century
* List of political entities in the 2nd century
* List of political entities in the 1st century

## 1st millennium BC by century

* List of political entities in the 1st century BC
* List of political entities in the 2nd century BC
* List of political entities in the 3rd century BC
* List of political entities in the 4th century BC
* List of political entities in the 5th century BC
* List of political entities in the 6th century BC
* List of political entities in the 7th century BC
* List of political entities in the 8th century BC
* List of political entities in the 9th century BC
* List of political entities in the 10th century BC

## 2nd millennium BC by century

* List of political entities in the 11th century BC
* List of political entities in the 12th century BC
* List of political entities in the 13th century BC
* List of political entities in the 14th century BC
* List of political entities in the 15th century BC
* List of political entities in the 16th century BC
* List of political entities in the 17th century BC
* List of political entities in the 18th century BC
* List of political entities in the 19th century BC
* List of political entities in the 20th century BC

## 3rd and 4th millennium BC by century

* List of political entities in the 21st century BC
* List of political entities in the 35th century BC

## Pre-modern polities by age

* List of states during the Middle Ages
** List of medieval great powers
* List of Classical Age states
** List of states during Late Antiquity
* List of Iron Age states
* List of Bronze Age states
* List of cities of the ancient Near East
* Copper Age state societies § List of known polities
# Ruda, Białystok County

Ruda is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Gródek, within Białystok County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland, close to the border with Belarus.
# 1918 Elgin Burghs by-election

The 1918 Elgin Burghs by-election was a parliamentary by-election held for the British House of Commons constituency of the Elgin Burghs in the north-east of Scotland on 25 October 1918.

## Vacancy

The by-election was caused by the death of the sitting Liberal MP, John Sutherland on 17 August 1918.

## Candidates

The Liberals selected Charles Barrie to succeed Sutherland. The Elgin Burghs constituency was due to disappear in boundary changes at the next general election with parts of the seat being redistributed into the seat of Banffshire. Sutherland had been chosen to fight Banffshire come the next election and Barrie inherited the right to contest that seat in due course at the 1918 general election.
Sutherland had represented Elgin Burghs since 1905 and by the time of the December 1910 general election, he was so entrenched in his seat that he was returned unopposed. Sutherland bequeathed Barrie this political dominance. No other candidate came forward to contest the by-election and Barrie was therefore returned unopposed. When the general election came in December 1918, Barrie was also returned unopposed for Banffshire.

## Result

1918 Elgin Burghs by-election :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Liberal | Charles Barrie | Unopposed | N/A | N/A |
| | Liberal hold | Liberal hold | Swing | N/A | |
# Las Tres Haciendas Waterworks

Las Tres Haciendas Waterworks (Spanish: Sistema de riego de las tres haciendas) is an irrigation system located in Santa Isabel, Puerto Rico. It consists of a set of structures that were built between 1846 and 1886 by landowners to transport water from the Coamo River to the fields of their sugarcane plantations. Las Tres Haciendas (Spanish for 'the three homesteads') is named refers to the three sugarcane haciendas it serves: El Destino, Florida, and Hacienda Santa Isabel.
The waterworks historic district covers an area that spreads through the Santa Isabel barrios of Boca Velázquez, Jauca II, Felicia II, Felicia I, and Santa Isabel Pueblo.

## History

The system includes seven structures: a dam on the Coamo River, a torrential water inlet (toma de aguas torrenciales), a seasonal water module, a main supply channel (with underground and open sections), three branch lines serving each hacienda, and remnants of a water distribution module.
The main supply channel and the three branch lines are characterized by not presenting side locks, except for those added when this system was integrated into the Irrigation District of the Southern Coast (Distrito de riego de la costa sur), built between 1908 and 1914. The Tres haciendas system runs for 9.7 km through the coastal plain of Santa Isabel, using only gravity to transport the water through a set of underground, open, and elevated channels. The system is not in use since the 1990s which has resulted in some deterioration of its components. It presents some modifications and repairs dating to the 20th century, when the canals were integrated to the newer irrigation system. Sections of the system have been impacted by modern agricultural machinery, and one of its key components, the distribution module, was partially demolished, albeit under archaeological supervision. However, this is one of the most complete and well-preserved irrigation systems of the 19th century in the southern coastal valley, and possibly of the island.
The irrigation system was added to the United States National Register of Historic Places in 2016.
# Bhuntar

Bhuntar is a town and a nagar panchayat in Kullu district in the state of Himachal Pradesh, India. It is just 11 km from Kullu town, and lies along National Highway 3. The Kullu-Manali Airport is located in Bhuntar. The next major settlement after Bhuntar, in the direction of Kullu, is Shamshi. Bhuntar is located on the right bank of the Beas River. Directly opposite Bhuntar, near the left bank of the Beas River, there is the confluence of the Parvati River with the River Beas. The Parvati Valley begins at this confluence and runs eastward, through a steep-sided valley towards Kasol and Manikaran.

## Climate

Climate data for Bhuntar (Kullu–Manali Airport) 1991–2020, extremes 1960–present) :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 25.4 (77.7) | 28.2 (82.8) | 32.3 (90.1) | 37.3 (99.1) | 40.0 (104.0) | 39.4 (102.9) | 37.4 (99.3) | 37.8 (100.0) | 35.5 (95.9) | 33.6 (92.5) | 29.4 (84.9) | 27.0 (80.6) | 40.0 (104.0) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 16.1 (61.0) | 18.3 (64.9) | 22.7 (72.9) | 27.3 (81.1) | 31.3 (88.3) | 32.9 (91.2) | 31.6 (88.9) | 30.8 (87.4) | 30.1 (86.2) | 27.9 (82.2) | 22.9 (73.2) | 18.2 (64.8) | 25.8 (78.4) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 1.6 (34.9) | 3.8 (38.8) | 6.8 (44.2) | 9.8 (49.6) | 13.1 (55.6) | 17.0 (62.6) | 20.2 (68.4) | 19.9 (67.8) | 16.8 (62.2) | 10.1 (50.2) | 4.9 (40.8) | 1.5 (34.7) | 10.3 (50.5) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −4.7 (23.5) | −4.5 (23.9) | 0.2 (32.4) | 3.5 (38.3) | 4.6 (40.3) | 6.1 (43.0) | 11.1 (52.0) | 10.9 (51.6) | 7.8 (46.0) | 3.5 (38.3) | −1.5 (29.3) | −5.2 (22.6) | −5.2 (22.6) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 81.4 (3.20) | 103.4 (4.07) | 116.7 (4.59) | 78.2 (3.08) | 61.3 (2.41) | 65.6 (2.58) | 135.6 (5.34) | 129.4 (5.09) | 77.4 (3.05) | 24.8 (0.98) | 21.6 (0.85) | 31.3 (1.23) | 926.9 (36.49) |
| Average rainy days | 4.9 | 6.3 | 7.6 | 6.3 | 5.8 | 5.6 | 8.8 | 9.5 | 5.2 | 1.6 | 1.9 | 2.0 | 65.5 |
| Average relative humidity (%) (at 17:30 IST) | 51 | 49 | 43 | 39 | 39 | 45 | 59 | 62 | 57 | 45 | 46 | 48 | 48 |
| Source: India Meteorological Department ||||||||||||||

## Demographics

As of 2005 India census, Bhuntar had a population of 5260. Males constitute 55% of the population and females 45%. Bhuntar has an average literacy rate of 80%, higher than the national average of 59.5%; with male literacy of 84% and female literacy of 76%. 11% of the population is under 6 years of age. Bhuntar has an Airport which connects big cities like Delhi via air. Bhuntar is center for accessing areas such as Kasol, Manikaran and Manali.
# Theresa Feaster

Theresa Feaster is an American ice hockey coach, currently serving as Director of Hockey Operations for Providence College in the NCAA and as a video coach for the American U20 national men's team. She is the first female assistant in USA Hockey's history at any major men's championship.

## Career

As a child, Feaster helped her father, who was GM of the Calgary Flames and Tampa Bay Lightning, by faxing player contracts or other important hockey paperwork. While studying at Providence, her father introduced her to Nate Leaman at the 2012 NHL Draft. As a result, during her junior year she became a student volunteer with the Providence hockey team. After Providence won a national title in 2015, Leaman retained Feaster as a graduate assistant for the next two seasons before hiring her full-time in 2016.
Feaster remains one of only two women working as a full-time staffer in NCAA Division I men's hockey. Brittany Miller held a similar role as director of hockey operations at Boston University, while Kelsey Harbison currently works in the same position at the University of Denver. While Feaster manages duties at Providence such as team services, arranging flights, buses, hotels, and meals, her passion is video, leading Leaman to praise her for her ability to break down other teams' strategies and how they win. Feaster points to being around Bob Hartley and John Tortorella as giving her an advantage.

## Personal life

Feaster's father, Jay, has served as general manager of both the Flames and Lightning in the National Hockey League. She aspires to one day be the NHL's first female general manager, following in the path of her father.
# Damien Germanier

Damien Germanier (born 30 March 1988 in Sion) is a Swiss football midfielder, who currently plays for FC Echallens on loan from FC Sion.

## Career

He began his career in the youth team of FC Sion and was promoted to the senior team in July 2007. In February 2009, he had a trial at FC La Chaux-de-Fonds, but later the loan deal was called off due to the player's military service.
On 14 March 2009, he made his debut for FC Sion in the Swiss Super League.

## International

He was a member of the Swiss under-17 team at 2005 UEFA European Under-17 Football Championship.
Germanier is former U-18 national player from Switzerland
# Capt. Philo Beardsley House

The Captain Philo Beardsley House is a historic house on Beardsley Road in Kent, Connecticut. Built about 1780, it is a well-preserved example of an 18th-century saltbox, with a remarkably well-preserved interior. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979.

## Description and history

The Beardsley House stands in rural southeastern Kent, on the west side of Beardsley Road south of Kent Hollow Road. It is set back from the road, among fields, with an associated barn across the road to the east. The house is 2+1⁄2 stories in height, with a side gable roof, large central chimney, and clapboarded exterior. The roof extends down to the first floor in the rear, giving the house a classic New England saltbox profile. The rear lean-to section is an integral part of the house's original construction, and not a later addition. However, the lean-to's rear wall is plank-framed, unlike the rest of the house, which is framed in timber. The main facade is five bays wide, with a central entrance, with a simply framed surround and a six-light transom window. The interior follows a central chimney plan, and retains many original features, including oak floorboards, paneling in the main parlor, and an unusual folding table in the original kitchen space. Doors retain original hardware latches.
The land on which the house stands is part of a 100-acre (40 ha) parcel purchased by Josiah Beardsley in the 1770s and given to his son Philo in 1781, with the house then standing. The Beardsleys were farmers; Philo was also a captain in the local militia, and had sons who served in the state legislature. The main block of the house has generally avoided modernization on the part of its owners; its modern facilities are located in an ell.
# Kyodo Public Relations

Kyodo Public Relations or Kyodo PR is the largest independent public relations agency in Japan. It provides service mainly for enterprises. It was founded in 1964 by Sakae Ohashi and listed on stock market of JASDAQ in 2005.
In 2021, Kyodo PR was ranked 46th on the Global Top 250 PR Agency Ranking.

## Location

Kyodo PR is located in Ginza, in the center of Tokyo.
# Sessions House, Ely

The Sessions House, formerly the Shire Hall, is a courthouse in Lynn Road, Ely, in the county of Cambridgeshire, England. The building, which is now used as the meeting place of the City of Ely Council, is a Grade II* listed building.

## History

The building was commissioned by the justices to replace an earlier sessions house in the Market Place. The site they selected, on the east side of Lynn Road, was owned by the Rev. John Bringhurst and the Dean and Chapter of Ely. The building was designed by Charles Humphrey in the Palladian style, built in buff brick with stone facings at a cost of £6,000 and was opened as the Shire Hall in June 1821.
The design involved an asymmetrical main frontage of nine bays facing Lynn Road with the end bays projected forward as pavilions. The central section of four bays formed a full-height tetrastyle portico with four fluted Doric order columns supporting an frieze with triglyphs and a pediment with the Royal coat of arms in the tympanum. At the back of the portico was a central double door. The other bays on the ground floor and all the bays on the first floor were fenestrated by sash windows with architraves. The north end block was fenestrated by a round headed window, while the south end block was fenestrated by two cell-type windows. Both end blocks were faced with corner pilasters and balustraded at roof level. Internally, the principal room was the main courtroom which was at the centre of the building.
In 1828, the Shire Hall was the venue for the trial and conviction of the poacher, John Rolfe, who was accused of murdering his poaching companion at Littleport. Rolfe was subsequently executed by hanging. A house of correction with 35 cells was erected behind the building in 1843. At the same time a chapel in the south end block was converted for use by the local police.
The building was initially used solely for judicial purposes but in 1850, it also became the meeting place of the local board, which met for the first time under the chairmanship of the dean of Ely Cathedral, George Peacock, on 11 October 1850. In 1894, the local board was succeeded by Ely Urban District Council, which also used the Shire Hall as its meeting place.
In the early 20th century, the 6th Cambridgeshire Rifle Volunteer Corps used the north end block as an armoury. After the Second World War, the council converted the old fire station at 6 Lynn Road to become its offices and meeting place, and relocated there.
The Shire Hall, which gradually became known as the Sessions House, remained in judicial use until 2011 when it closed, as part of central government measures to close 93 magistrates' courts across England and Wales. The building was subsequently acquired by City of Ely Council in 2013 to serve as its offices and meeting place. A scene from the comedy film, Harvey Greenfield Is Running Late, starring Annette Badland, was shot in the building in 2022.
# Adelelmus

Adelelmus is a given name. Notable people with the name include:
* Adelelmus of Burgos (died c. 1100), French-born Benedictine monk and saint
* Adelelmus of Flanders (died 1152), hermit and saint
# Abraxas expectata

Abraxas expectata is a species of moth belonging to the family Geometridae. It was described by Warren in 1902. It is known from Australia (north Queensland).
# Meridian Manor

Meridian Manor is an historic structure located in the Meridian Hill neighborhood in the Northwest Quadrant of Washington, D.C. George T. Santmyers designed the structure in the Colonial Revival style. It exemplifies the speculative middle class apartment buildings that were constructed in Washington in the 1910s and 1920s near the 14th Street streetcar line. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2001.
# Solidor Tower

Solidor Tower (in French tour Solidor) is a strengthened keep with three linked towers, located in the estuary of the river Rance in Brittany.
It was built between 1369 and 1382 by John IV, Duke of Brittany (i.e. Jean V in English) to control access to the Rance at a time when the city of Saint-Malo did not recognize his authority. Over the centuries the tower lost its military interest and became a jail. More recently it was a museum celebrating Breton sailors exploring Cape Horn, but it was permanently closed in 2022.
The Solidor Tower is located in the former town of Saint-Servan, which merged with Saint-Malo and Paramé in 1967.
It is featured in the 1957 Wendy Toye film True as a Turtle starring John Gregson, Cecil Parker, June Thorburn and Keith Michell.
# Harris House (Little Rock, Arkansas)

The Harris House is a historic house at 6507 Fourche Dam Pike in Little Rock, Arkansas. It is a single-story stuccoed structure, designed in an ecelctic interpretation of Spanish Revival architecture. Prominent features include a circular tower at one corner, a parapet obscuring its sloping flat roof, and a port-cochere with a segmented-arch opening supported by battered wooden columns. It was built in 1924 for Florence and Porter Field Harris, to their design and probably the work of Porter Harris, a master plasterer known for his work on the Arkansas State Capitol.
The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1998.
# Roger Finke

Roger Finke is a professor of Sociology and Religious Studies at The Pennsylvania State University and Director of the Association of Religion Data Archives. He is a former president of the Association for the Sociology of Religion.

## Career

Roger Finke earned his doctorate in sociology at the University of Washington in 1984, and held faculty positions at Concordia College in Illinois, Loyola University of Chicago, and Purdue University before joining the faculty at The Pennsylvania State University in 2000.

## Publications

Professor Finke co-authored two books with sociologist of religion Rodney Stark. The Churching of America, 1776-1990: Winners and Losers in Our Religious Economy received the 1993 Distinguished Book Award from the Society for the Scientific Study of Religion. Acts of Faith: Explaining the Human Side of Religion received the 2001 Book Award from the American Sociological Association's Sociology of Religion Section. These books extended what is often called the New Paradigm or the Rational Choice theoretical perspective, conceptualizing denominations as competitors in a religious market. The Churching of America was methodologically noteworthy for demonstrating the utility of quantitative historical data on church membership. Additionally, Finke is the co-author of The Price of Freedom Denied: Religious Persecution and Conflict in the Twenty-first Century and Places of Faith: A Road Trip Across America's Religious Landscape.
He is author or co-author of numerous peer-reviewed articles appearing in edited volumes and journals such as American Sociological Review, Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, Review of Religious Research, Social Science Research, and The Sociological Quarterly. In November 2015, Finke and fellow Pennsylvania State University professor Dane Mataic published a report entitled "Exploring the Trends and Consequences of Religious Registration: A Global Overview." In this report, Finke and Mataic outlined a "significant increase" (from 13% to 18%) in countries that required religious registration around the world.

## Organizations

Professor Finke was the founding director of the American Religion Data Archive, which was renamed as the Association of Religion Data Archives (ARDA) in 2006. Supported by the Lilly Endowment and the John Templeton Foundation, the ARDA provides free data on American and international religion, along with tools and resources to assist educators, journalists, religious congregations, and researchers. Finke is also a Fellow of the Baylor Institute for Studies of Religion, and a past President of the Association for the Study of Religion, Economics, and Culture.