OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Choeung Ek

Choeung Ek (Khmer: ជើងឯក, Cheung Êk) is a former orchard in Dangkao, Phnom Penh, Cambodia, that was used as a Killing Field between 1975 and 1979 by the Khmer Rouge in perpetrating the Cambodian genocide. Situated about 17 kilometres (11 mi) south of the city centre, it was attached to the Tuol Sleng detention centre. The bodies of 8,895 victims were exhumed from the site after the fall of the Rouge, who would have been executed there—typically with pickaxes to conserve bullets—before being buried in mass graves.
It is the best-known of the approximately 300 Killing Fields, where the Khmer Rouge regime collectively executed over one million people as part of their Cambodian genocide between 1975 and 1979.

## Description

Mass graves containing 8,895 bodies were discovered at Choeung Ek after the fall of the Khmer Rouge regime. Many of the dead were former political prisoners who the Khmer Rouge kept in their Tuol Sleng detention center and in other Cambodian detention centers.
Today, Choeung Ek is a memorial, marked by a Buddhist stupa. The stupa has acrylic glass sides and is filled with over 5,000 human skulls. Some lower levels are opened during the day so that the skulls can be seen directly. Many have been shattered or smashed in.
Tourists are encouraged by the Cambodian government to visit Choeung Ek. Apart from the stupa, there are pits from which the bodies were exhumed. Human bones still litter the site.
On 3 May 2005, the Municipality of Phnom Penh announced that they had entered into a 30-year agreement with JC Royal Co. to develop the memorial at Choeung Ek. As part of the agreement, they are not to disturb the remains still present in the field.

## In popular culture

* The film The Killing Fields is a dramatised portrayal of events like those that took place at Choeung Ek.
# Kumbha

A kumbha (Sanskrit: कुम्भ) is a type of pottery in India. Traditionally, it is made by Kumbhars, also known as Prajapatis.
In the context of Hindu, Jain and Buddhist mythology, the kumbha symbolises the womb. It represents fertility, life, generative power of human beings and sustenance and is generally associated with devis, particularly Ganga.

## Mythological origin

According to Hindu mythology, the first kumbha was created by Prajapati on the occasion of the marriage of Shiva, so he was first kumbhara "potter". Another myth says that the first pot was created by Vishvakarman on the occasion of the churning of the ocean for the first Amrit Sanchar.
In Hindu mythology and scriptures, several references are found of human beings born from kumbha. A legend states that rishi Agastya was born out of a kumbha.
In several religious ceremonies and rituals, kumbhas or kalashas filled with water and leaves and decorated with intricate motifs, sometimes with ornaments, play an important role in ancient India. These rituals still survive in India.
In Hindu astrology, the kumbha stands for the zodiac sign Aquarius and is ruled by 2 important planets that is (Saturn and Rahu). Kumbha is also associated with the Kumbha Mela, which happens when the planet Brihaspati moves into Aquarius.
In Hindu epic Ramayana, Ravana's brother Kumbhakarna had a son named Kumbha, who was killed by Sugriva.
With time professions turned in to last names e.g. the last name Kumbha refers to one of the surnames of Schedule tribe Community named Yerukala in Andhra Pradesh.
# KFC Index

The KFC Index is an informal guide to measure purchasing power parity comparing exchange rates in African countries. Inspired by the Big Mac Index, the key difference between the two indices is that the KFC Index focuses solely on Africa; the Big Mac Index coverage is worldwide but not as applicable to Africa since McDonald's has little presence there, whereas KFC chains operate in almost 20 countries across the continent.

## Overview

The KFC index was created by Sagaci Research (a Pan-African primary market research firm) as an informal way to gauge whether currencies in African countries are "correctly valued". It is based on the theory of purchasing power parity, which states exchange rates should move towards the rate that would equalize the prices of an identical basket of goods and services between two countries. In this case, the concerned goods are KFC's Original 12/15 piece Bucket and geographically specific to African countries. The KFC Index also covers the United States, France, Spain and the United Kingdom.
For example, the average price of KFC's Original 12 pc. Bucket in United States in January 2016 was $20.50; in Namibia it was only $13.40 at market exchange rates. Therefore, the index suggests that the Namibian dollar was undervalued by 33% at that time.

## Inspiration

The index takes its name from the international fast food chain Kentucky Fried Chicken (KFC) and is modeled on The Economist's "Big Mac Index", which covers countries with McDonald's presence (about 60 countries). In Africa, the McDonald's chain is present only in Morocco, South Africa, Egypt and Mauritius. KFC, on the other hand, has operations in almost 20 African countries, which is the highest of any international fast food chain and therefore a more applicable benchmark to use. The index was not intended as a precise gauge of currency misalignment but merely a tool to make exchange-rate theory more digestible.

## Limitations

As in the case of the Big Mac Index, the KFC Index was not created to be a highly accurate and precise tool for measuring purchasing power parity and its limitations include factors such as inflation, dietary preferences, socio-economic classifications, levels of competition and local costs (e.g. advertising, production and taxes).
Currency volatility – due to the nature of developing economies (in this case all countries in Africa), there is more likely to be high volatility in currencies, therefore undertaking this analysis over a one to three month basis could produce large changes and different conclusions.
Black market – as there is a thriving market for US Dollars in some countries, it may produce conflicting results compared to the official exchange rate. Angola and Nigeria are examples of these types of markets. The report produced by Sagaci Research takes into account black market exchange rates.

## Figures

As of 2016, The publication states:

### Most overvalued currencies

* Angola 72%
* Morocco 30%

### Most undervalued currencies

* South Africa -48%
* Egypt -34%
* Namibia -32%
The June 2016 publication states:
# Joe Loco

José Estevez Jr. (March 26, 1921 – March 7, 1988), professionally known as Joe Loco, was a Latin jazz and Latin pop pianist and arranger of Puerto Rican ancestry who was born in New York City.

## Life

Loco, maybe born José Estevez Jr. but officially known as Joseph Esteves, first played with an ensemble called Montecino's Happy Boys in 1938. In the early 1940s, he served as Machito's pianist before joining the Air Force from 1945 to 1947. He then freelanced with many of the top Latin ensembles of the time well into the 1950s, working with Polito Galíndez, Marcelino Guerra, Pupi Campo, and Julio Andino. He scored a hit of his own in 1952 with the tune "Tenderly". Loco also did Latin arrangements of pop standards, and performed them with a quintet in many jazz venues that did not typically showcase Latin music.

## Discography

* El Baión (Tico, 1954)
* Loco Motion (Columbia 760, 1955)
* ¡Vaya! With Joe Loco (Columbia 827, 1956)
* Joe Loco in the Philippines (Villar, 1961)
# National Working Committee of All India Trinamool Congress

The National Working Committee of All India Trinamool Congress is the executive committee of the All India Trinamool Congress. It was formed in December 1998 at Kolkata which was headed by Ajit Kumar Panja. It is composed of senior party leaders and is responsible for taking decisions on important policy and organizational matters, as well as guiding and directing the party's activities and campaigns at the national level. The Working Committee is headed by the party Chairperson Mamata Banerjee.

## Composition of National Working Committee
### President

| Name | Portrait | Position in government |
| Mamata Banerjee | | ChairpersonChief Minister of West Bengal |

### Members

| S. No | Member | Position in government |
| 1. | Abhishek Banerjee | Member of ParliamentNational General Secretary |
| 2. | Subrata Bakshi | Member of ParliamentFormer National General SecretaryPresident of West Bengal Pradesh Trinamool CongressChairman of All India Trinamool Congress Disciplinary Committee |
| 3. | Derek O'Brien | Member of ParliamentLeader of Trinamool Congress,Rajya Sabha |
| 4. | Sudip Bandyopadhyay | Member of ParliamentLeader of Trinamool Congress,Lok Sabha |
| 5. | Amit Mitra | Former Cabinet Minister,Government of West Bengal |
| 6. | Firhad Hakim | Cabinet Minister,Government of West BengalMayor of Kolkata |
| 7. | Aroop Biswas | Cabinet Minister,Government of West BengalNational Treasurer |
| 8. | Partha Bhowmick | Member of Parliament |
| 9. | Sujit Bose | Minister of State (Independent Charge), Government of West Bengal |
| 10. | Chandrima Bhattacharya | Minister of State (Independent Charge), Government of West BengalNational Vice PresidentPresident West Bengal Pradesh Trinamool Mahila Congress |
| 11. | Birbaha Hansda | Cabinet Minister, Government of West Bengal |
| 12. | Moloy Ghatak | Cabinet Minister, Government of West Bengal |
| 13. | Kakoli Ghosh Dastidar | Member of ParliamentDeputy Leader in Lok Sabha |
| 14. | Sushmita Dev | Member of Parliament, Rajya Sabha |
| 15. | Ashima Patra | Member of West Bengal Legislative AssemblyFormer Cabinet Minister, Government of West Bengal |
| 16. | Anubrata Mondal | President of Birbhum District Trinamool Congress |
| 17. | Bulu Chik Baraik | Cabinet Minister, Government of West Bengal |
| 18. | Goutam Deb | Mayor of SiliguriFormer Cabinet Minister, Government of West Bengal |
| 19. | Lalitesh Pati Tripathi | Former Member of Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly |
| 20. | Sukhendu Sekhar Roy | Member of Parliament, Rajya Sabha |
| 21. | Biman Banerjee | Speaker of the West Bengal Legislative Assembly |
| 22. | Manas Bhunia | Former Member of ParliamentCabinet Minister, Government of West Bengal |
| 23. | Kalyan Banerjee | Member of Parliament |
| 24. | Mala Roy | Member of ParliamentChairperson of Kolkata Municipal CorporationChairman of West Bengal Pradesh Trinamool Mahila Congress |
| 25. | Javed Khan | Cabinet Minister, Government of West Bengal |
# Ottawa Youth Orchestra Academy

The Ottawa Youth Orchestra Academy (OYOA) is a registered Canadian charitable organization that comprises two full orchestras, eight instrumental ensembles for strings, winds, brass and harp. The organization also includes a beginner's and pre-school program as well as instruction in music theory and history through Grade 3 in the RCM Syllabus.
The OYOA has ongoing partnerships with the National Capital Commission for the Winterlude concert and the Ottawa Symphony Orchestra.

## History

The Ottawa Youth Orchestra was founded in 1960 for young musicians of the Ottawa area to gain experience in ensemble and orchestral music. Playing through weekly rehearsals and performances before live audiences, the orchestra usually presents four public concerts each season. The Orchestra operated as a night school class under the Continuing Education Division of the Ottawa Board of Education, and a nominal fee was charged, though the membership was limited to those from 12 to 24 years of age. In 1971, an Associate Youth Orchestra was founded with rehearsals being held at Canterbury High School.
In 1982, John Gomez and colleagues from the National Arts Centre Orchestra, founded the National Capital String Academy. The National Capital Wind Academy was formed in 1985 to provide similar opportunities to wind and brass players. The two groups merged in 1986 as the National Capital Strings and Wind Academy, and re-established the Ottawa Youth Orchestra which had been dormant for six years.
The organization was incorporated as the National Capital Music Academy in 1988. As it entered its twenty-first year of operation under founding Music Director John Gomez, the National Capital Music Academy changed its corporate name to the Ottawa Youth Orchestra Academy (OYOA).

## Description

The original purpose in founding the academy was to train young string players in ensemble playing. The academy has expanded into woodwind, brass and percussion instruments, and a summer camp program. The enrollment in the Academy is now about 350, aged between 3 and 18 years.
The academy provides instruction on the playing of strings, percussion, woodwinds, and brass instruments in an ensemble. Many of the conductors and coaches are regular performers at the Ottawa National Arts Centre.
The students of the OYOA regularly perform in the Kiwanis Music Festival as ensembles or solo performers. In the past years, some students have won their class in the local festival and represented the Canada National Capital Region provincially.
A concert season featuring the OYO and OJYO is held and the OYOA hosts two free concerts each year at the students perform in ensembles.
# LeVert

LeVert was an American R&B vocal group from Cleveland, Ohio, United States. Formed in 1983, LeVert was composed of Sean and Gerald Levert (sons of Eddie Levert, founder and lead singer of R&B/Soul vocal group O'Jays) and Marc Gordon.

## Biography

The group released their first single, "I'm Still", for Harry Coombes's Tempre label. In 1985, they released their debut album, I Get Hot, which included tracks whose vocals drew strong comparisons to Sean and Gerald Levert's father Eddie. Bloodline followed in 1986, and this album included the band's first big R&B hit "(Pop, Pop, Pop, Pop) Goes My Mind", a track that went all the way to Number One. However, the band's next album, 1987's The Big Throwdown became an even bigger success, on the strength of the Number One R&B hit "Casanova", which gave them a crossover hit on the pop chart (number 5) and also a UK Top 10.
A pair of additional R&B Top Five singles were also released from this album: "My Forever Love" and "Sweet Sensation". The band's success continued with their 1988 follow-up album Just Coolin', which was nominated for Best R&B/Urban Contemporary Album for the 1989 Soul Train Music Awards. Both The Big Throwdown and Just Coolin' received gold certification. Beginning in the 1990s, Gerald began dividing his time between LeVert, and his solo career, but the band went on to release three more albums, and Rhino Records released a greatest hits album in 2001.
Gerald Levert died of a prescription and over the counter drug overdose in November 2006. Sean Levert died in March 2008 from a combination of sarcoidosis and xanax withdrawal while in the Cuyahoga County jail.

## Discography
### Studio albums

* I Get Hot (1985)
* Bloodline (1986)
* The Big Throwdown (1987)
* Just Coolin' (1988)
* Rope a Dope Style (1990)
* For Real Tho' (1993)
* The Whole Scenario (1997)
# Melathikkan

Melathikkan is a township in Tiruvannamalai Taluk in Tiruvannamalai District in Tamil Nadu State. Melathikkan is 2.6 km far from its Taluk Main Town Tiruvannamalai. Melathikkan is located 2.9 km distance from its District Main City Tiruvannamalai. It is located 158 km distance from its State Main City Chennai.
Nearby towns and panchayats with distance are Tiruvannamalai (2.9 km), Thenmathur (3.3 km), So.Kilnachipattu (3.4 km), Chinnakangiyanur (3.8 km), Nallavanpalayam (4.3 km). Towns nearby Tiruvannamalai (2.6 km), Thandrampet (15.3 km), Thurinjapuram (19.9 km), Keelpennathur (21.8 km).

## Demographics

Melathikkan has a population of over 5,000, providing sub urban to Tiruvannamalai urbanity. It comes under Tiruvannamalai urban agglomerations on tirukovilur road (chitoor- Cudllore road) NH 234A. there is one railway station for Melathikkan as "MELATHIKKAN - SARON " at tirukovilur railway route.
# Nematus leucotrochus

Nematus leucotrochus is a species of sawfly in the family Tenthredinidae, known as the pale-spotted gooseberry sawfly. Widespread throughout central and northern Europe, this insect is best known as a pest of gooseberries. The larvae feed on the foliage of the plant, defoliating it. Unlike Nematus ribesii, the common gooseberry sawfly, the species has a single brood. Adults appear in early May and larvae in May and June.
Control measures include hand-picking larvae in the early stages of an attack, or spraying with a recommended insecticide.
# Steffie van der Peet

Steffie van der Peet (born 10 September 1999) is a Dutch professional racing cyclist. In October 2019, she won the bronze medal in the women's team sprint event at the 2019 UEC European Track Championships.

## Major results
### 2019

    3rd Team sprint, UEC European Championships

### 2021

    1st Team sprint, UEC European Championships

### 2022

    2nd Team sprint, UEC European Championships
    3rd Keirin, UCI World Championships

### 2023

    3rd Team sprint, UEC European Championships

### 2024

    2nd Team sprint, UCI World Championships
    3rd Team sprint, UEC European Championships

### 2025

    1st Team sprint, UEC European Championships
    1st Keirin, UEC European Championships
# Alan Sawyer

Alan Leigh Sawyer (January 1, 1928 – June 30, 2012) was an American professional basketball player for the Washington Capitols of the National Basketball Association (NBA). He played college basketball for the UCLA Bruins from 1945 to 1950. He missed the end of the 1948–49 season after an appendectomy. Sawyer helped lead the 1949–50 team to their first Pacific Coast Conference (PCC) championship. He was named to the first team of the All-Southern Division PCC team in 1949, and voted to the second team in 1950. He was selected in the third round of the 1950 NBA draft by the Capitols.
After the Capitols were disbanded mid-season in 1951, its players were allocated to other teams, and Sawyer was drafted by the Tri-Cities Blackhawks. However, he decided to return to the University of California, Los Angeles, to complete his degree.
Sawyer later became a math teacher and coached basketball at Orange Coast College in Costa Mesa, California.

## NBA career statistics
### Regular season

| Year | Team | GP | FG% | FT% | RPG | APG | PPG |
| 1950–51 | Washington | 33 | .370 | .860 | 3.7 | 0.8 | 6.6 |
| Career | Career | 33 | .370 | .860 | 3.7 | 0.8 | 6.6 |
# Rachel Zulu Mazombwe

Rachel Mazombwe-Zulu born Rachel Patience Mazombwe is a Malawian politician who was elected to the National Assembly in 2009. She was re-elected again in 2019 as a member of the Malawi Congress Party. She represents the Mchinji North constituency and she has been a government minister.

## Life

She was born in Lilongwe. She originally worked as a teacher until she took a job as a clerk entering data for the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology. She then studied for a diploma in business administration. She worked for the Malawi Union of Savings and Credit Cooperatives (MUSCCO).
She was elected in 2009 to represent Mchinji North in the 2009 Malawian general election as an independent. She was re-elected in the 2014 Malawian general election.
She was a member of the Malawi Congress Party, the Malawi Parliamentary Women's Caucus and she was the Minister for Local Government and the Minister for Tourism.
When she was re-elected again in 2019 she and her husband were one of only two husband and wife parliamentarian couples. They were both elected for the Malawi Congress Party. Only a third of the assembly were re-elected MPs. Other notable re-elections were Nancy Tembo, Catherine Gotani Hara and Esther Mcheka Chilenje. She sat on the Public Appointments Committee with Anna Katchiko and Jacquiline Chikuta.
# Kuiper (Mercurian crater)

Kuiper is a moderate-size crater with a central peak cluster located at 11°21′S 31°14′W﻿ / ﻿11.35°S 31.23°W﻿ / -11.35; -31.23 on Mercury. It is 62 kilometers in diameter and was named after Dutch-American astronomer Gerard Kuiper in 1976. It is one of only 2 Mercurian craters which are named not after artists, and one of very few cases when the same name is used for 3 craters (there are also Kuiper craters on Mars and on the Moon). Gerard Kuiper, being a leader of American planetary science, died shortly before the first images of Mercurian surface were made.
Kuiper overlies the northern rim of the larger crater Murasaki. Kuiper crater has the highest recorded albedo of any region on the planet's surface and has a prominent ray system, suggesting that it is one of the youngest craters.
Kuiper is one of the largest craters of the Kuiperian system on Mercury. The largest is Bartók crater. The Kuiperian time period is named after Kuiper crater.

## Views

* Mariner 10 image with Kuiper at left
* Distant oblique view from MESSENGER showing the extent of the ray system
* Kuiper crater at low sun angle
* Oblique view at high sun angle
# When the Year Ends in One

"When the Year Ends in One" was a single released by the English football team Tottenham Hotspur, with uncredited accompaniment by Chas & Dave, who composed the song, writing new lyrics to the tune of their 1982 song "London Girls" and former Lieutenant Pigeon manager David Whitehouse, to celebrate reaching the 1991 FA Cup Final. It reached number 44 in the UK Singles Chart.
The title of the song refers to the fact that during the twentieth century, the club won a number of major trophies, in particular the FA Cup, several times in years ending in 1. They continued the trend by going on to win the 1991 Final. "When the year ends in 1" has become a general superstition for supporters, although Tottenham have not won a trophy in such a year since 1991.
The major trophies to which the song and the superstition apply are:
* 1901 FA Cup
* 1921 FA Cup
* 1951 Football League First Division
* 1961 Football League First Division and FA Cup ("the Double")
* 1971 League Cup
* 1981 FA Cup
* 1991 FA Cup