# Louis IX, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt

Louis IX of Hesse-Darmstadt (German: Ludwig) (15 December 1719 – 6 April 1790) was Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt from 1768 to 1790.

## Overview

Louis IX was a son of Louis VIII, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt, and Charlotte of Hanau-Lichtenberg and Müntzenberg.
His main residence was his palace in Pirmasens, Schloss Pirmasens
He was born in Darmstadt on 15 December 1719. On 12 August 1741, Louis married Caroline, daughter of Christian III, Duke of Zweibrücken. They had three sons and five daughters, including:
* Princess Caroline of Hesse-Darmstadt (1746–1821), married Frederick V, Landgrave of Hesse-Homburg
* Princess Frederica Louisa of Hesse-Darmstadt (1751–1805), married King Friedrich Wilhelm II of Prussia and became Queen of Prussia
* Prince Louis X (1753–1830), later Grand Duke Louis I, married his first cousin Princess Louise of Hesse-Darmstadt
* Princess Amalie of Hesse-Darmstadt (1754–1832), married her first cousin Karl Ludwig, Hereditary Prince of Baden
* Princess Wilhelmina Louisa of Hessen-Darmstadt (1755–1776), married Grand Duke Pavel Petrovich of Russia, later emperor
* Princess Luise Auguste of Hesse-Darmstadt (1757–1830), married Karl August, Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach
* Prince Frederick (10 June 1759 – 11 March 1802) Never married and had no issue.
* Prince Christian of Hesse-Darmstadt (1763–1830)
* A stillborn son on 3 May 1742
In 1775, Louis IX married Marie Adelaide of Cheirouze, countess of Lemberg. On 6 April 1790, Louis died in Pirmasens.
Additionally Louis had an extramarital son with Ernestine Rosine Doll:
* Ernest Louis von Hessenzeig (10 November 1761 - 22 December 1774) Died young
Louis IX and his first wife became the most recent common ancestors of all current sovereigns of hereditary monarchies in Europe in 2022 after Charles III became King of the United Kingdom.

## Royal descendants

Dotted lines indicate marriage.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Louis IX, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt | Louis IX, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt | Louis IX, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt | Louis IX, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt | Louis IX, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt | Louis IX, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt | | | Countess Palatine Caroline of Zweibrücken | Countess Palatine Caroline of Zweibrücken | Countess Palatine Caroline of Zweibrücken | Countess Palatine Caroline of Zweibrücken | Countess Palatine Caroline of Zweibrücken | Countess Palatine Caroline of Zweibrücken |
| Princess Caroline of Hesse-Darmstadt ∞ Frederick V, Landgrave of Hesse-Homburg | Princess Caroline of Hesse-Darmstadt ∞ Frederick V, Landgrave of Hesse-Homburg | Princess Caroline of Hesse-Darmstadt ∞ Frederick V, Landgrave of Hesse-Homburg | Princess Caroline of Hesse-Darmstadt ∞ Frederick V, Landgrave of Hesse-Homburg | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Frederica Louisa of Hesse-Darmstadt ∞ Frederick William II of Prussia | Frederica Louisa of Hesse-Darmstadt ∞ Frederick William II of Prussia | Frederica Louisa of Hesse-Darmstadt ∞ Frederick William II of Prussia | Frederica Louisa of Hesse-Darmstadt ∞ Frederick William II of Prussia | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Louis I, Grand Duke of Hesse | Louis I, Grand Duke of Hesse | Louis I, Grand Duke of Hesse | Louis I, Grand Duke of Hesse | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Princess Amalie of Hesse-Darmstadt ∞ Charles Louis, Hereditary Prince of Baden | Princess Amalie of Hesse-Darmstadt ∞ Charles Louis, Hereditary Prince of Baden | Princess Amalie of Hesse-Darmstadt ∞ Charles Louis, Hereditary Prince of Baden | Princess Amalie of Hesse-Darmstadt ∞ Charles Louis, Hereditary Prince of Baden |
| Princess Amalie of Hesse-Homburg ∞ Frederick, Hereditary Prince of Anhalt-Dessau | Princess Amalie of Hesse-Homburg ∞ Frederick, Hereditary Prince of Anhalt-Dessau | Princess Amalie of Hesse-Homburg ∞ Frederick, Hereditary Prince of Anhalt-Dessau | Princess Amalie of Hesse-Homburg ∞ Frederick, Hereditary Prince of Anhalt-Dessau | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Frederick William III of Prussia | Frederick William III of Prussia | Frederick William III of Prussia | Frederick William III of Prussia | | | Wilhelmine of Prussia ∞ William I of the Netherlands | Wilhelmine of Prussia ∞ William I of the Netherlands | Wilhelmine of Prussia ∞ William I of the Netherlands | Wilhelmine of Prussia ∞ William I of the Netherlands | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Louis II, Grand Duke of Hesse | Louis II, Grand Duke of Hesse | Louis II, Grand Duke of Hesse | Louis II, Grand Duke of Hesse | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Caroline of Baden ∞ Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria | Caroline of Baden ∞ Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria | Caroline of Baden ∞ Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria | Caroline of Baden ∞ Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria | | | Frederica of Baden ∞ Gustav IV Adolf of Sweden | Frederica of Baden ∞ Gustav IV Adolf of Sweden | Frederica of Baden ∞ Gustav IV Adolf of Sweden | Frederica of Baden ∞ Gustav IV Adolf of Sweden | | | | | | | | | Charles, Grand Duke of Baden | Charles, Grand Duke of Baden | Charles, Grand Duke of Baden | Charles, Grand Duke of Baden | | | Princess Wilhelmine of Baden | Princess Wilhelmine of Baden | Princess Wilhelmine of Baden | Princess Wilhelmine of Baden |
| Prince Frederick Augustus of Anhalt-Dessau | Prince Frederick Augustus of Anhalt-Dessau | Prince Frederick Augustus of Anhalt-Dessau | Prince Frederick Augustus of Anhalt-Dessau | Prince Frederick Augustus of Anhalt-Dessau | Prince Frederick Augustus of Anhalt-Dessau | | | | | | | | | William I, German Emperor | William I, German Emperor | William I, German Emperor | William I, German Emperor | William I, German Emperor | William I, German Emperor | | | Alexandra Feodorovna (Charlotte of Prussia) ∞ Nicholas I of Russia | Alexandra Feodorovna (Charlotte of Prussia) ∞ Nicholas I of Russia | Alexandra Feodorovna (Charlotte of Prussia) ∞ Nicholas I of Russia | Alexandra Feodorovna (Charlotte of Prussia) ∞ Nicholas I of Russia | Alexandra Feodorovna (Charlotte of Prussia) ∞ Nicholas I of Russia | Alexandra Feodorovna (Charlotte of Prussia) ∞ Nicholas I of Russia | | | William II of the Netherlands | William II of the Netherlands | William II of the Netherlands | William II of the Netherlands | William II of the Netherlands | William II of the Netherlands | | | Prince Frederick of the Netherlands | Prince Frederick of the Netherlands | Prince Frederick of the Netherlands | Prince Frederick of the Netherlands | Prince Frederick of the Netherlands | Prince Frederick of the Netherlands | Prince Charles of Hesse and by Rhine | Prince Charles of Hesse and by Rhine | Prince Charles of Hesse and by Rhine | Prince Charles of Hesse and by Rhine | Prince Charles of Hesse and by Rhine | Prince Charles of Hesse and by Rhine | | | Prince Alexander of Hesse and by Rhine | Prince Alexander of Hesse and by Rhine | Prince Alexander of Hesse and by Rhine | Prince Alexander of Hesse and by Rhine | Prince Alexander of Hesse and by Rhine | Prince Alexander of Hesse and by Rhine | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Princess Sophie of Bavaria ∞ Archduke Franz Karl of Austria | Princess Sophie of Bavaria ∞ Archduke Franz Karl of Austria | Princess Sophie of Bavaria ∞ Archduke Franz Karl of Austria | Princess Sophie of Bavaria ∞ Archduke Franz Karl of Austria | Princess Sophie of Bavaria ∞ Archduke Franz Karl of Austria | Princess Sophie of Bavaria ∞ Archduke Franz Karl of Austria | Princess Sophie of Sweden ∞ Leopold, Grand Duke of Baden | Princess Sophie of Sweden ∞ Leopold, Grand Duke of Baden | Princess Sophie of Sweden ∞ Leopold, Grand Duke of Baden | Princess Sophie of Sweden ∞ Leopold, Grand Duke of Baden | Princess Sophie of Sweden ∞ Leopold, Grand Duke of Baden | Princess Sophie of Sweden ∞ Leopold, Grand Duke of Baden | | | | | | | | | | | Princess Josephine of Baden ∞ Karl Anton, Prince of Hohenzollern (born 1811) | Princess Josephine of Baden ∞ Karl Anton, Prince of Hohenzollern (born 1811) | Princess Josephine of Baden ∞ Karl Anton, Prince of Hohenzollern (born 1811) | Princess Josephine of Baden ∞ Karl Anton, Prince of Hohenzollern (born 1811) | Princess Josephine of Baden ∞ Karl Anton, Prince of Hohenzollern (born 1811) | Princess Josephine of Baden ∞ Karl Anton, Prince of Hohenzollern (born 1811) | | | | | | | Princess Marie Amelie of Baden ∞ William Hamilton, 11th Duke of Hamilton | Princess Marie Amelie of Baden ∞ William Hamilton, 11th Duke of Hamilton | Princess Marie Amelie of Baden ∞ William Hamilton, 11th Duke of Hamilton | Princess Marie Amelie of Baden ∞ William Hamilton, 11th Duke of Hamilton | Princess Marie Amelie of Baden ∞ William Hamilton, 11th Duke of Hamilton | Princess Marie Amelie of Baden ∞ William Hamilton, 11th Duke of Hamilton |
| Princess Adelheid-Marie of Anhalt-Dessau ∞ Adolphe, Grand Duke of Luxembourg | Princess Adelheid-Marie of Anhalt-Dessau ∞ Adolphe, Grand Duke of Luxembourg | Princess Adelheid-Marie of Anhalt-Dessau ∞ Adolphe, Grand Duke of Luxembourg | Princess Adelheid-Marie of Anhalt-Dessau ∞ Adolphe, Grand Duke of Luxembourg | Princess Adelheid-Marie of Anhalt-Dessau ∞ Adolphe, Grand Duke of Luxembourg | Princess Adelheid-Marie of Anhalt-Dessau ∞ Adolphe, Grand Duke of Luxembourg | | | | | | | | | Frederick III, German Emperor | Frederick III, German Emperor | Frederick III, German Emperor | Frederick III, German Emperor | Frederick III, German Emperor | Frederick III, German Emperor | | | Grand Duke Konstantin Nikolayevich of Russia | Grand Duke Konstantin Nikolayevich of Russia | Grand Duke Konstantin Nikolayevich of Russia | Grand Duke Konstantin Nikolayevich of Russia | Grand Duke Konstantin Nikolayevich of Russia | Grand Duke Konstantin Nikolayevich of Russia | | | William III of the Netherlands | William III of the Netherlands | William III of the Netherlands | William III of the Netherlands | William III of the Netherlands | William III of the Netherlands | | | Louise of the Netherlands ∞ Charles XV of Sweden | Louise of the Netherlands ∞ Charles XV of Sweden | Louise of the Netherlands ∞ Charles XV of Sweden | Louise of the Netherlands ∞ Charles XV of Sweden | Louise of the Netherlands ∞ Charles XV of Sweden | Louise of the Netherlands ∞ Charles XV of Sweden | Louis IV, Grand Duke of Hesse | Louis IV, Grand Duke of Hesse | Louis IV, Grand Duke of Hesse | Louis IV, Grand Duke of Hesse | Louis IV, Grand Duke of Hesse | Louis IV, Grand Duke of Hesse | | | Prince Louis of Battenberg | Prince Louis of Battenberg | Prince Louis of Battenberg | Prince Louis of Battenberg | Prince Louis of Battenberg | Prince Louis of Battenberg | | | | | | | | | Prince Henry of Battenberg | Prince Henry of Battenberg | Prince Henry of Battenberg | Prince Henry of Battenberg | Prince Henry of Battenberg | Prince Henry of Battenberg | | | Archduke Karl Ludwig of Austria | Archduke Karl Ludwig of Austria | Archduke Karl Ludwig of Austria | Archduke Karl Ludwig of Austria | Archduke Karl Ludwig of Austria | Archduke Karl Ludwig of Austria | Frederick I, Grand Duke of Baden | Frederick I, Grand Duke of Baden | Frederick I, Grand Duke of Baden | Frederick I, Grand Duke of Baden | Frederick I, Grand Duke of Baden | Frederick I, Grand Duke of Baden | | | | | | | | | | | Princess Marie of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen ∞ Prince Philippe, Count of Flanders | Princess Marie of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen ∞ Prince Philippe, Count of Flanders | Princess Marie of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen ∞ Prince Philippe, Count of Flanders | Princess Marie of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen ∞ Prince Philippe, Count of Flanders | Princess Marie of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen ∞ Prince Philippe, Count of Flanders | Princess Marie of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen ∞ Prince Philippe, Count of Flanders | | | | | | | Lady Mary Victoria Douglas-Hamilton ∞ Albert I, Prince of Monaco | Lady Mary Victoria Douglas-Hamilton ∞ Albert I, Prince of Monaco | Lady Mary Victoria Douglas-Hamilton ∞ Albert I, Prince of Monaco | Lady Mary Victoria Douglas-Hamilton ∞ Albert I, Prince of Monaco | Lady Mary Victoria Douglas-Hamilton ∞ Albert I, Prince of Monaco | Lady Mary Victoria Douglas-Hamilton ∞ Albert I, Prince of Monaco |
| William IV, Grand Duke of Luxembourg | William IV, Grand Duke of Luxembourg | William IV, Grand Duke of Luxembourg | William IV, Grand Duke of Luxembourg | William IV, Grand Duke of Luxembourg | William IV, Grand Duke of Luxembourg | Wilhelm II, German Emperor | Wilhelm II, German Emperor | Wilhelm II, German Emperor | Wilhelm II, German Emperor | Wilhelm II, German Emperor | Wilhelm II, German Emperor | | | Sophia of Prussia | Sophia of Prussia | Sophia of Prussia | Sophia of Prussia | Sophia of Prussia | Sophia of Prussia | | | Olga Constantinovna of Russia ∞ George I of Greece | Olga Constantinovna of Russia ∞ George I of Greece | Olga Constantinovna of Russia ∞ George I of Greece | Olga Constantinovna of Russia ∞ George I of Greece | Olga Constantinovna of Russia ∞ George I of Greece | Olga Constantinovna of Russia ∞ George I of Greece | | | Wilhelmina of the Netherlands ∞ Duke Henry of Mecklenburg-Schwerin | Wilhelmina of the Netherlands ∞ Duke Henry of Mecklenburg-Schwerin | Wilhelmina of the Netherlands ∞ Duke Henry of Mecklenburg-Schwerin | Wilhelmina of the Netherlands ∞ Duke Henry of Mecklenburg-Schwerin | Wilhelmina of the Netherlands ∞ Duke Henry of Mecklenburg-Schwerin | Wilhelmina of the Netherlands ∞ Duke Henry of Mecklenburg-Schwerin | | | Louise of Sweden ∞ Frederick VIII of Denmark | Louise of Sweden ∞ Frederick VIII of Denmark | Louise of Sweden ∞ Frederick VIII of Denmark | Louise of Sweden ∞ Frederick VIII of Denmark | Louise of Sweden ∞ Frederick VIII of Denmark | Louise of Sweden ∞ Frederick VIII of Denmark | Princess Victoria of Hesse and by Rhine | Princess Victoria of Hesse and by Rhine | Princess Victoria of Hesse and by Rhine | Princess Victoria of Hesse and by Rhine | Princess Victoria of Hesse and by Rhine | Princess Victoria of Hesse and by Rhine | | | Princess Alice of Battenberg | Princess Alice of Battenberg | Princess Alice of Battenberg | Princess Alice of Battenberg | Princess Alice of Battenberg | Princess Alice of Battenberg | | | | | | | | | Victoria Eugenie of Battenberg ∞ Alfonso XIII of Spain | Victoria Eugenie of Battenberg ∞ Alfonso XIII of Spain | Victoria Eugenie of Battenberg ∞ Alfonso XIII of Spain | Victoria Eugenie of Battenberg ∞ Alfonso XIII of Spain | Victoria Eugenie of Battenberg ∞ Alfonso XIII of Spain | Victoria Eugenie of Battenberg ∞ Alfonso XIII of Spain | | | Archduchess Elisabeth Amalie of Austria ∞ Prince Alois of Liechtenstein (1869–1955) | Archduchess Elisabeth Amalie of Austria ∞ Prince Alois of Liechtenstein (1869–1955) | Archduchess Elisabeth Amalie of Austria ∞ Prince Alois of Liechtenstein (1869–1955) | Archduchess Elisabeth Amalie of Austria ∞ Prince Alois of Liechtenstein (1869–1955) | Archduchess Elisabeth Amalie of Austria ∞ Prince Alois of Liechtenstein (1869–1955) | Archduchess Elisabeth Amalie of Austria ∞ Prince Alois of Liechtenstein (1869–1955) | Victoria of Baden ∞ Gustaf V of Sweden | Victoria of Baden ∞ Gustaf V of Sweden | Victoria of Baden ∞ Gustaf V of Sweden | Victoria of Baden ∞ Gustaf V of Sweden | Victoria of Baden ∞ Gustaf V of Sweden | Victoria of Baden ∞ Gustaf V of Sweden | | | | | | | | | | | Albert I of Belgium | Albert I of Belgium | Albert I of Belgium | Albert I of Belgium | Albert I of Belgium | Albert I of Belgium | | | | | | | Louis II, Prince of Monaco | Louis II, Prince of Monaco | Louis II, Prince of Monaco | Louis II, Prince of Monaco | Louis II, Prince of Monaco | Louis II, Prince of Monaco |
| Charlotte, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg ∞ Prince Felix of Bourbon-Parma | Charlotte, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg ∞ Prince Felix of Bourbon-Parma | Charlotte, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg ∞ Prince Felix of Bourbon-Parma | Charlotte, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg ∞ Prince Felix of Bourbon-Parma | Charlotte, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg ∞ Prince Felix of Bourbon-Parma | Charlotte, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg ∞ Prince Felix of Bourbon-Parma | Princess Victoria Louise of Prussia ∞ Ernest Augustus, Duke of Brunswick | Princess Victoria Louise of Prussia ∞ Ernest Augustus, Duke of Brunswick | Princess Victoria Louise of Prussia ∞ Ernest Augustus, Duke of Brunswick | Princess Victoria Louise of Prussia ∞ Ernest Augustus, Duke of Brunswick | Princess Victoria Louise of Prussia ∞ Ernest Augustus, Duke of Brunswick | Princess Victoria Louise of Prussia ∞ Ernest Augustus, Duke of Brunswick | | | Constantine I of Greece | Constantine I of Greece | Constantine I of Greece | Constantine I of Greece | Constantine I of Greece | Constantine I of Greece | | | Prince Andrew of Greece and Denmark | Prince Andrew of Greece and Denmark | Prince Andrew of Greece and Denmark | Prince Andrew of Greece and Denmark | Prince Andrew of Greece and Denmark | Prince Andrew of Greece and Denmark | | | Juliana of the Netherlands ∞ Prince Bernhard of Lippe-Biesterfeld | Juliana of the Netherlands ∞ Prince Bernhard of Lippe-Biesterfeld | Juliana of the Netherlands ∞ Prince Bernhard of Lippe-Biesterfeld | Juliana of the Netherlands ∞ Prince Bernhard of Lippe-Biesterfeld | Juliana of the Netherlands ∞ Prince Bernhard of Lippe-Biesterfeld | Juliana of the Netherlands ∞ Prince Bernhard of Lippe-Biesterfeld | | | Christian X of Denmark | Christian X of Denmark | Christian X of Denmark | Christian X of Denmark | Christian X of Denmark | Christian X of Denmark | Haakon VII of Norway | Haakon VII of Norway | Haakon VII of Norway | Haakon VII of Norway | Haakon VII of Norway | Haakon VII of Norway | | | Princess Ingeborg of Denmark ∞ Prince Carl, Duke of Västergötland | Princess Ingeborg of Denmark ∞ Prince Carl, Duke of Västergötland | Princess Ingeborg of Denmark ∞ Prince Carl, Duke of Västergötland | Princess Ingeborg of Denmark ∞ Prince Carl, Duke of Västergötland | Princess Ingeborg of Denmark ∞ Prince Carl, Duke of Västergötland | Princess Ingeborg of Denmark ∞ Prince Carl, Duke of Västergötland | | | | | | | | | Infante Juan, Count of Barcelona | Infante Juan, Count of Barcelona | Infante Juan, Count of Barcelona | Infante Juan, Count of Barcelona | Infante Juan, Count of Barcelona | Infante Juan, Count of Barcelona | | | Franz Joseph II, Prince of Liechtenstein | Franz Joseph II, Prince of Liechtenstein | Franz Joseph II, Prince of Liechtenstein | Franz Joseph II, Prince of Liechtenstein | Franz Joseph II, Prince of Liechtenstein | Franz Joseph II, Prince of Liechtenstein | Gustaf VI Adolf of Sweden | Gustaf VI Adolf of Sweden | Gustaf VI Adolf of Sweden | Gustaf VI Adolf of Sweden | Gustaf VI Adolf of Sweden | Gustaf VI Adolf of Sweden | | | | | | | | | | | Leopold III of Belgium | Leopold III of Belgium | Leopold III of Belgium | Leopold III of Belgium | Leopold III of Belgium | Leopold III of Belgium | | | | | | | Princess Charlotte, Duchess of Valentinois ∞ Prince Pierre, Duke of Valentinois | Princess Charlotte, Duchess of Valentinois ∞ Prince Pierre, Duke of Valentinois | Princess Charlotte, Duchess of Valentinois ∞ Prince Pierre, Duke of Valentinois | Princess Charlotte, Duchess of Valentinois ∞ Prince Pierre, Duke of Valentinois | Princess Charlotte, Duchess of Valentinois ∞ Prince Pierre, Duke of Valentinois | Princess Charlotte, Duchess of Valentinois ∞ Prince Pierre, Duke of Valentinois |
| Jean, Grand Duke of Luxembourg | Jean, Grand Duke of Luxembourg | Jean, Grand Duke of Luxembourg | Jean, Grand Duke of Luxembourg | Jean, Grand Duke of Luxembourg | Jean, Grand Duke of Luxembourg | Frederica of Hanover | Frederica of Hanover | Frederica of Hanover | Frederica of Hanover | Frederica of Hanover | Frederica of Hanover | | | Paul I of Greece | Paul I of Greece | Paul I of Greece | Paul I of Greece | Paul I of Greece | Paul I of Greece | | | Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh | Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh | Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh | Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh | Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh | Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh | | | Beatrix of the Netherlands ∞ Prince Claus of the Netherlands | Beatrix of the Netherlands ∞ Prince Claus of the Netherlands | Beatrix of the Netherlands ∞ Prince Claus of the Netherlands | Beatrix of the Netherlands ∞ Prince Claus of the Netherlands | Beatrix of the Netherlands ∞ Prince Claus of the Netherlands | Beatrix of the Netherlands ∞ Prince Claus of the Netherlands | | | Frederik IX of Denmark | Frederik IX of Denmark | Frederik IX of Denmark | Frederik IX of Denmark | Frederik IX of Denmark | Frederik IX of Denmark | Olav V of Norway | Olav V of Norway | Olav V of Norway | Olav V of Norway | Olav V of Norway | Olav V of Norway | | | Princess Märtha of Sweden | Princess Märtha of Sweden | Princess Märtha of Sweden | Princess Märtha of Sweden | Princess Märtha of Sweden | Princess Märtha of Sweden | | | Astrid of Sweden | Astrid of Sweden | Astrid of Sweden | Astrid of Sweden | Astrid of Sweden | Astrid of Sweden | Juan Carlos I of Spain | Juan Carlos I of Spain | Juan Carlos I of Spain | Juan Carlos I of Spain | Juan Carlos I of Spain | Juan Carlos I of Spain | | | Hans-Adam II, Prince of Liechtenstein | Hans-Adam II, Prince of Liechtenstein | Hans-Adam II, Prince of Liechtenstein | Hans-Adam II, Prince of Liechtenstein | Hans-Adam II, Prince of Liechtenstein | Hans-Adam II, Prince of Liechtenstein | Prince Gustaf Adolf, Duke of Västerbotten | Prince Gustaf Adolf, Duke of Västerbotten | Prince Gustaf Adolf, Duke of Västerbotten | Prince Gustaf Adolf, Duke of Västerbotten | Prince Gustaf Adolf, Duke of Västerbotten | Prince Gustaf Adolf, Duke of Västerbotten | | | Ingrid of Sweden | Ingrid of Sweden | Ingrid of Sweden | Ingrid of Sweden | Ingrid of Sweden | Ingrid of Sweden | | | Princess Joséphine-Charlotte of Belgium | Princess Joséphine-Charlotte of Belgium | Princess Joséphine-Charlotte of Belgium | Princess Joséphine-Charlotte of Belgium | Princess Joséphine-Charlotte of Belgium | Princess Joséphine-Charlotte of Belgium | Albert II of Belgium | Albert II of Belgium | Albert II of Belgium | Albert II of Belgium | Albert II of Belgium | Albert II of Belgium | Rainier III, Prince of Monaco | Rainier III, Prince of Monaco | Rainier III, Prince of Monaco | Rainier III, Prince of Monaco | Rainier III, Prince of Monaco | Rainier III, Prince of Monaco |
| Henri, Grand Duke of Luxembourg | Henri, Grand Duke of Luxembourg | Henri, Grand Duke of Luxembourg | Henri, Grand Duke of Luxembourg | | | | | | | | | Queen Sofía of Spain | Queen Sofía of Spain | Queen Sofía of Spain | Queen Sofía of Spain | | | Charles III of the United Kingdom | Charles III of the United Kingdom | Charles III of the United Kingdom | Charles III of the United Kingdom | | | Willem-Alexander of the Netherlands | Willem-Alexander of the Netherlands | Willem-Alexander of the Netherlands | Willem-Alexander of the Netherlands | | | Margrethe II of Denmark | Margrethe II of Denmark | Margrethe II of Denmark | Margrethe II of Denmark | | | Harald V of Norway | Harald V of Norway | Harald V of Norway | Harald V of Norway | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Felipe VI of Spain | Felipe VI of Spain | Felipe VI of Spain | Felipe VI of Spain | | | | | | | | | Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden | Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden | Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden | Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Philippe I of Belgium | Philippe I of Belgium | Philippe I of Belgium | Philippe I of Belgium | | | Albert II, Prince of Monaco | Albert II, Prince of Monaco | Albert II, Prince of Monaco | Albert II, Prince of Monaco |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Frederik X of Denmark | Frederik X of Denmark | Frederik X of Denmark | Frederik X of Denmark | Frederik X of Denmark | Frederik X of Denmark | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

## Ancestry

Ancestors of Louis IX, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt :