OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 37 mm flare

37 mm flare or "1.5 inch" caliber is the specification for a common launching system for non-lethal and less-lethal ammunition. Such launchers are also often known as "gas guns" due to their original use by police for launching tear gas projectiles. 37 mm systems are typically smoothbore as rifling is unnecessary or even detrimental to the performance of the usual projectiles.
37 mm rounds can be fired from a variety of devices, including standalone launchers, and M203-style launchers mounted on rifles using clamping systems or rail mounting systems.

## United States legality

In the United States, 37 mm launchers are exempted from the National Firearms Act of 1934 so long as no anti-personnel rounds are in the user's possession. Only non-anti-personnel rounds may be possessed or used. Such rounds include:
* flares
* smoke rounds, to include irritating "smoke" such as CS or OC agents
* noise effect ("bird bomb") rounds
Where anti-personnel rounds are to be fired from a 37 mm launcher, the launcher must be registered with the BATFE as a destructive device. Possession of a destructive device is also restricted or banned by some local and state laws. The specific wording of the BATFE rule is:
   ATF Ruling 95-3: 37/38 mm gas/flare guns possessed with cartridges containing wood pellets, rubber pellets or balls, or bean bags are classified as destructive devices for purposes of the Gun Control Act, 18 U.S.C. Chapter 44, and the National Firearms Act, 26 U.S.C. Chapter 53.
Rounds that are considered anti-personnel include:
Less-lethal rounds:
* rounds loaded with rubber pellets
* rounds loaded with plastic or wooden batons
* bean bag rounds consisting of a cloth bag filled with lead pellets
Lethal rounds:
* buckshot
* flechette rounds
Such rounds are not considered destructive devices, but are not readily available to non-government purchasers.
A round containing an explosive payload of over 0.25 ounces (7.1 g) would itself be classified as a destructive device, requiring BATFE registration.
A personally constructed (D.I.Y) 37mm launcher may be made at home (see list of 3D printed weapons and parts or homemade firearm for more information), and does not need to be registered as a firearm or a destructive device, as is the case for factory-made launcher devices. Likewise, you cannot possess or use 37mm anti-personnel ammunition or you will have to register the launcher platform as a destructive device per BATFE ruling.
# Mari Romundset Nilsen

Mari Romundset Nilsen (born 7 October 2003) is a Norwegian taekwondo practitioner. She was a bronze medalist at the 2023 World Taekwondo Championships.

## Career

From Aure Municipality in Norway, she is a member of Aure Kampsportklubb. She became senior Norwegian taekwondo champion in December 2021.
She was runner-up to Britain's Chloe Roberts at the 2022 European Club Championships in Estonia. She made her senior international debut at the 2022 European Taekwondo Championships in Manchester. She was subsequently selected for the 67kg division at the 2022 World Taekwondo Championships in Guadalajara.
In February 2023, she was runner up at the Olympic qualifying event in Istanbul, losing in the final against the Belgian world champion Sarah Chaâri.
She won the bronze medal in the Women’s Welterwight division at the 2023 World Taekwondo Championships. Entering the competition she had a world ranking of 30. In the semifinals she faced the Jordanian world number two Julyana Al-Sadeq.
She was selected to compete at the 2023 European Games in Kraków.
# Enrico Kern

Enrico Kern (born 12 March 1979) is a German football coach and former player. He worked as manager for FC Erzgebirge Aue U19.

## Career

Born in Schneeberg, Kern began his football career as a youth player with FC Erzgebirge Aue before moving to Tennis Borussia Berlin for DM1 million in the summer of 1998. He then moved between many clubs including; LASK in Austria and SSV Jahn Regensburg before moving to Rostock in 2006. After Rostock was relegated in 2010, he transferred back to FC Erzgebirge Aue.
# Imidazenil

Imidazenil is an experimental anxiolytic drug which is derived from the benzodiazepine family, and is most closely related to other imidazobenzodiazepines such as midazolam, flumazenil, and bretazenil.
Imidazenil is a highly potent benzodiazepine receptor partial agonist with an unusual profile of effects, producing some of the effects associated with normal benzodiazepines such as anticonvulsant and anxiolytic effects, yet without any notable sedative or amnestic effects. In fact, imidazenil blocks the sedative effects of diazepam, yet without lowering the convulsion threshold, and so potentially could be a more flexible antidote than the antagonist flumazenil which is commonly used to treat benzodiazepine overdose at present.
Imidazenil has not yet been developed commercially for use in humans, however it has been suggested as a safe and effective treatment for anxiety, a potent yet non-sedating anticonvulsant which might be particularly useful in the treatment of poisoning with organophosphate nerve agents, and as a novel treatment for schizophrenia.
In rats, imidazenil has been demonstrated to have low tolerance or dependence liability, unlike other benzodiazepine receptor agonist ligands, such as diazepam, bretazenil.

## Pharmacodynamics

Imidazenil is selective over the type of GABAA receptor it acts on. It acts as a partial agonist on those with a α$_1$β$_2$γ$_{2S}$ composition and as a full agonist on those with a α$_5$β$_2$γ$_{2S}$ composition. Its action can be compared to that of clobazam, another anxioselective benzodiazepine. Clobazam's active metablite N-desmethylclobazam has lower affinity on receptors with an α$_1$ subunit compared to those with an α$_2$. It is believed that the subjective, ataxic, and sedative properties are mediated via α$_1$-containing receptors, while the anxiolytic effects are mediated via the ones with α$_2$, α$_3$, or α$_5$.
# Bevil Rudd

Bevil Gordon D'Urban Rudd (5 October 1894 – 2 February 1948) was a South African athlete, the 1920 Olympic Champion in the 400 metres.

## Biography

Rudd was born in Kimberley. He was the son of Henry Percy Rudd and Mable Mina Blyth; paternal grandson of Charles Rudd, who co-founded the De Beers diamond mining company, and Frances Chiappini and maternal grandson of Captain Matthew Smith Blyth CMG, chief magistrate of the Transkei, and Elizabeth Cornelia Philpott.
During his schooling at St. Andrew's College, Grahamstown (Upper House) he excelled both as a student and as an athlete, and he was granted a scholarship for the University of Oxford. Rudd served in the First World War, and was awarded a Military Cross for bravery.
Ruud won two British AAA Championships titles in the 440 yards and 880 yards events at the 1920 AAA Championships. The following month at the 1920 Olympic Games held in Antwerp, Belgium, Rudd won his gold medal.
Rudd finished runner-up in both the 440 and 880 yards at the 1921 AAA Championships before completing his studies in England, and returning to South Africa, working as a sports journalist.
He married Ursula Mary Knight, daughter of Clifford Hume Knight the Italian Consul to Cape Town, in 1926; they had at least two sons: Bevil John Blyth Rudd and Clifford Robin David Rudd, the South African Cricketer.
In 1930, he became an editor for The Daily Telegraph, a position he held until after the Second World War. Shortly after his return to South Africa, he died there at age 53.
# List of Mexican films of 1982

A list of the films produced in Mexico in 1982 (see 1982 in film):

## 1982

| Title | Director | Cast | Notes |
| 1982 |||||
| El Barrendero | Miguel M. Delgado | Cantinflas, María Sorté | Last movie of Cantinflas |
| ¡El que no corre... vuela! | Gilberto Martínez Solares | La India María, Evita Muñoz "Chachita", Irma Lozano, Freddy Fernández | |
| El sargento Capulina | Alfredo Zacarías | Capulina, Silvia Pasquel, Carmelina Encinas | |
| Todo un hombre | Rafael Villaseñor Kuri | Vicente Fernández, Eduardo Noriega, Felipe Arriaga, Amparo Muñoz | |
| La isla de Rarotonga | Alfredo B. Crevenna | Raúl Ramírez, Marcela Daviland | |
| El padre trampitas | Pedro Galindo III | Resortes, Sergio Goyri, Pompín Iglesias, Víctor Alcocer, Patricia Rivera, Lorena Velázquez | |
# China Railway Shenyang Group

China Railway Shenyang Group, officially abbreviated as CR Shenyang or CR-Shenyang, formerly, Shenyang Railway Administration is a subsidiary company under the jurisdiction of the China Railway Group (formerly the Ministry of Railway). The railway administration was reorganized as a company in November 2017.
It supervises the railway network within Liaoning, Jilin, and mid-eastern Inner Mongolia.

## Adobe Flash Outage In Dalian Depot Scheduling

The company (as of Jan 2020) uses software based on Adobe Flash to plan dispatches in the Dalian depot. Flash's January 12 deactivation led the company reportedly to shut down for a day as the program stopped working. The issue was fixed by reverting to an older version of Flash. The company stated that no disruption of train services happened and only a couple of redundant PCs in the depot were affected, not the train schedule itself.

## Hub stations

* Shenyang
** Shenyang, Shenyang West, Sujiatun
* Changchun
** Changchun
* Dalian
** Dalian
* Qinhuangdao
** Shanhaiguan

## Regional services
### C-train services

* Changhun
* Changbai — Bai'a (BCT-WWT)
* 4301/4302 Jilin-Shulan Through Train
* 6021/6022 Jilin-Harbin Through Train
# List of number-one hits of 1983 (Argentina)

This is a list of the songs that reached number one in Argentina in 1983, according to Cashbox magazine with data provided by the Argentine Chamber of Phonograms and Videograms Producers.
| Issue date | Song | Artist(s) |
| January 8 | "Entre La Espada Y La Pared" | Dúo Manzanilla |
| January 15 | "Olvídame y Pega la Vuelta" | Pimpinela |
| January 22 | "Olvídame y Pega la Vuelta" | Pimpinela |
| January 29 | "Olvídame y Pega la Vuelta" | Pimpinela |
| February 5 | "Olvídame y Pega la Vuelta" | Pimpinela |
| February 12 | "Olvídame y Pega la Vuelta" | Pimpinela |
| February 19 | "Olvídame y Pega la Vuelta" | Pimpinela |
| March 19 | "Olvídame y Pega la Vuelta" | Pimpinela |
| March 26 | "Olvídame y Pega la Vuelta" | Pimpinela |
| April 2 | "Olvídame y Pega la Vuelta" | Pimpinela |
| April 9 | "Olvídame y Pega la Vuelta" | Pimpinela |
| April 16 | "Olvídame y Pega la Vuelta" | Pimpinela |
| April 23 | "Olvídame y Pega la Vuelta" | Pimpinela |
| April 30 | "Olvídame y Pega la Vuelta" | Pimpinela |
| May 14 | "Olvídame y Pega la Vuelta" | Pimpinela |
| May 21 | "Olvídame y Pega la Vuelta" | Pimpinela |
| May 28 | "Olvídame y Pega la Vuelta" | Pimpinela |
| June 4 | "Olvídame y Pega la Vuelta" | Pimpinela |
| June 18 | "Olvídame y Pega la Vuelta" | Pimpinela |
| June 25 | "¿Y Cómo es El?" | José Luis Perales |
| July 2 | "¿Y Cómo es El?" | José Luis Perales |
| July 9 | "¿Y Cómo es El?" | José Luis Perales |
| July 23 | "¿Y Cómo es El?" | José Luis Perales |
| July 30 | "¿Y Cómo es El?" | José Luis Perales |
| August 6 | "¿Y Cómo es El?" | José Luis Perales |
| August 13 | "Directo al corazón" | Luis Miguel |
| August 27 | "Directo al corazón" | Luis Miguel |
| September 10 | "Fame" | Irene Cara |
| September 17 | "Flashdance... What a Feeling" | Irene Cara |
| October 1 | "Flashdance... What a Feeling" | Irene Cara |
| October 8 | "Flashdance... What a Feeling" | Irene Cara |
| October 15 | "Flashdance... What a Feeling" | Irene Cara |
| October 22 | "Flashdance... What a Feeling" | Irene Cara |
| November 5 | "Flashdance... What a Feeling" | Irene Cara |
| November 12 | "Paraíso" | Pomada |
| November 19 | "Vamos a la playa" | Righeira |
| November 26 | "Vamos a la playa" | Righeira |
| December 10 | "Vamos a la playa" | Righeira |
| December 17 | "Vamos a la playa" | Righeira |
| December 24 | "Vamos a la playa" | Righeira |
| December 31 | "A Esa" | Pimpinela |
# Thomas Pereira (footballer)

Thomas Austin Pereira (12 June 1973) is a retired Norwegian footballer who was recently the manager of Sandnes Ulf. He spent most of his career at Viking FK in Eliteserien, playing a total of 433 official matches for the club.

## Club career

He played several seasons for Sarpsborg FK. In 1994 he spent time on loan at Aalborg Chang while also attending the folk high school Nordjyllands Idrætshøjskole [da].
Thomas Pereira arrived at Viking from Moss in 1997, and stayed at the club the rest of his career. At the end of the 2008 season, he was ranked 7th on Viking's all-time list of appearances. On October 10, 2008, he signed a new one-year contract with Viking, stating that it could never be another club. After his thirteenth and last season in Viking he was awarded a testimonial game that was played on 21 November 2009 against SK Brann. Testimonial games are very rare in Norwegian football.

## International career

He made his international debut against South Korea in 1997, and has a total of 8 senior international caps.

## Coaching career

After his retirement, he was hired as head coach of Randaberg, but after one season he came back to Viking to work as physical coach.
Pereira became the manager of Viking FK's reserve team, Viking 2, in 2016.

## Personal life

His father was born in Protectorate of Uganda but was raised in Portuguese Goa while his mother is Norwegian.
In 2017 his son Adrian Pereira made his debut for Viking FK's senior team aged 17. Adrian is currently playing for Rosenborg BK.
# Saint Urban (disambiguation)

Saint Urban may refer to:
* Pope Urban I, 3rd century Pope
* Saint Urban, Washington, an unincorporated community
* Urban of Langres (327- 390), French bishop
* Urban, one of the Martyrs of Zaragoza in 303 CE
* St. Urban Tower a Gothic prismatic campanile with a pyramidal roof in Košice, Slovakia.
# Murder of Fırat Çakıroğlu

Fırat Yılmaz Çakıroğlu (1 January 1991 – 20 February 2015) was a 24-year-old Turkish nationalist student from Akşehir, Konya. Fırat Çakıroğlu, who was affiliated with “Idealist Hearths” [Ülkü Ocakları], an organization linked to the Nationalist Movement Party [MHP], attacked Kurdish students with knives and was later injured and killed. Another student in Ege University, Nurullah Semo, was convicted of his murder.

## Incident

Çakıroğlu was the leader of the youth branch of the Nationalist Movement Party (MHP) at the Ege University. On 20 February 2015, an argument between right-wing and left-wing students started in Ege University. The argument quickly turned into a fight and eight people from both sides were injured in the incident, three of them needing hospitalisation, including Çakıroğlu. After two hours he died at the hospital of his wounds. Oktay Vural, a parliamentarian of the MHP blamed members of the PKK for the murder.

## Trials

After a 880 day long trial, Nurullah Semo was sentenced to 15 years of imprisonment for "membership in a terrorist organization" and life imprisonment for homicide.

## Legacy

After his death, two fitness centers in Tarsus and Menderes, two parks in Nazilli and Aliağa and an intersection in Manisa were named after him. There is also a memorial forest named for Çakıroğlu in Etimesgut.
# Carnegie Free Library (McKeesport, Pennsylvania)

The Carnegie Free Library in McKeesport, Pennsylvania, is a Public Library built with funds from Pittsburgh steel magnate Andrew Carnegie. McKeesport is located about 15 miles up the Monongahela River from Pittsburgh. The grant for this library was commissioned April 2, 1899. Out of approximately 1,688 libraries funded by Carnegie in America, McKeesport's was the 12th be commissioned. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.
# Book of Discipline (United Methodist)

The Book of Discipline constitutes the law and doctrine of the United Methodist Church. It follows similar works for its predecessor denominations. It was originally published in 1784, in the Methodist Episcopal Church, and has been published every four years thereafter following the meeting of the General Conference, which passes legislation that is included in the Book of Discipline. The most recent edition is that of 2020/2024.
The basic unit of reference is the paragraph, not the page, chapter or section. The paragraphs are numbered consecutively within each chapter or section, but numbers are skipped between chapters or sections. The paragraph is often only a few lines, but many are several pages long and they can be divided into multiple subdivisions. Paragraphs are first divided using Arabic numerals (1, 2, 3,...) which can themselves be divided by italicized lower case letters with parentheses (a), b), c), d)...) which may be divided using Arabic numerals within double parentheses ((1), (2), (3),...)
Traditionally a list of all the bishops with the year of their election is at the beginning of the book. That is followed by a brief history of the church, then the church constitution, and a statement concerning the doctrine and theology of the church. The Social Principles of the church follow. Finally the legislative section, by far the largest part of The Discipline, appears.
# Noble lie

In social sciences and social philosophy, the concept of a noble lie is a myth or a lie in a society that either emerges on its own or is propagated by an elite in order to maintain social order or for the "greater good", descriptions of it date back as early as ancient Greece in Plato's The Republic.
Plato presented the noble lie (γενναῖον ψεῦδος, gennaion pseudos) in the fictional tale known as the myth or parable of the metals in Book III. In it, Socrates provides the origin of the three social classes who compose the republic proposed by Plato. Socrates proposes and claims that if the people believed "this myth...[it] would have a good effect, making them more inclined to care for the state and one another."

## Criticism of Plato's noble lie

The concept of the noble lie as defined by Plato has sparked controversy among modern interpreters. Although some earlier classical scholars including Francis Cornford argued that "noble lie" was a mistranslation, Allan Bloom argued for a literal translation and interpretation of Plato's expression.
In The Open Society and Its Enemies, Karl Popper remarks, "It is hard to understand why those of Plato's commentators who praise him for fighting against the subversive conventionalism of the Sophists, and for establishing a spiritual naturalism ultimately based on religion, fail to censure him for making a convention, or rather an invention, the ultimate basis of religion." Religion for Plato is a noble lie, at least if we assume that Plato meant all of this sincerely, not cynically. Popper finds Plato's conception of religion to have been very influential in subsequent thought.
# Claude Minière

Claude Minière (born October 25, 1938) is an essayist and poet. Initially, he took part in various avant-garde activities before turning towards a more solitary, more classical approach to writing, never forgetting, however, the conquests of Rimbaud, Ezra Pound and free-verse.
Minière was born in Paris. For fifteen years he taught at l'Ecole des Beaux-Arts and is the author of a "panorama" of artistic creativity in France between 1965 and 1996: L'art en France 1965-1995 (Nouvelles editions françaises, Paris, 1995). Together with Margaret Tunstill, he translated two works by Ezra Pound: Henri Gaudier-Brzeska, A Memoir (Henri Gaudier-Brzeska, ed. Tristram, 1992) and Treatise on Harmony (Traité d'Harmonie, ed. Julien Salvy, 1980). In addition to the many collections of his poetry he has produced three remarkable essays : Pound caractère chinois (ed. Gallimard); Barnett Newman (ed. Tarabuste); and Descartes (ed. Tituli).
# Hayden Bridge (Alsea, Oregon)

Hayden Bridge, a Howe truss structure, spans the Alsea River about 2 miles (3 km) west of Alsea, Oregon, United States. Constructed in 1918, the 91-foot (28 m) span is one of only seven remaining covered bridges in Oregon that were built before 1920. Similar spans such as the Mill Creek Bridge crossed the Alsea or one of its tributaries in the same vicinity, but only the Hayden Bridge has survived. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1979.
Located along Hayden Road just south of Oregon Route 34, the bridge was either partly or completely rebuilt in 1945. Changes included larger and less rounded bridge portals that could accommodate larger vehicles. Narrow openings under the side-wall eaves on both sides of the span illuminated the interior. The bridge, repaired again in 2003, required further work in 2006 after a logging truck crashed into it.
Of the more than 600 covered bridges once found in Oregon, only 50 remain. After 1915, although some were of queen-post or king-post design, most of the new covered bridges were of Howe-truss design. In that year, the Oregon legislature passed a law giving the Oregon State Highway Department oversight powers for bridges worth more than $500. The department developed plans for Howe-truss bridges, partly because they were relatively easy to assemble, and distributed them to the state's counties. Many of these bridges, often built with Douglas-fir timber available locally, were replaced in the 1940s and 1950s by bridges more suited to logging trucks and other big vehicles. Although most of the original bridges no longer exist, the remaining bridges have gained value as tourist attractions.
# Ephraim Kalsakau

Ephraim Kalsakau (or Éphraïm Kalsakau) was a ni-Vanuatu trade unionist and politician.
In 1987, he spearheaded the founding of the Vanuatu Labour Party (VLP), to be the political arm of united trade unions. He has rejected the idea that "there is a major difference between the Vanuaaku Pati and the UMP", the country's two major parties.
In 2004, he stood unsuccessfully for Parliament as a VLP candidate in Port Vila. In the 2008 general election, he was elected to Parliament, representing the VLP.
He is currently the secretary general of the Vanuatu National Workers Union. He passed on 13 December 2024.
# Bae Chun-suk

Bae Chun-Suk (born April 27, 1990) is a South Korean football player who plays for Jeonnam Dragons as a striker.

## Club statistics

Statistics accurate as of 6 December 2015
| Club Performance | Club Performance | Club Performance | League | League | Cup | Cup | League Cup | League Cup | Continental | Continental | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | League | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Japan | Japan | Japan | League | League | Emperor's Cup | Emperor's Cup | J.League Cup | J.League Cup | Asia | Asia | Total | Total |
| Vissel Kobe | 2011 | J1 League | 3 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | 4 | 0 |
| Vissel Kobe | 2012 | J1 League | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | — | — | 1 | 0 |
| South Korea | South Korea | South Korea | League | League | Korean FA Cup | Korean FA Cup | — | — | Asia | Asia | Total | Total |
| Pohang Steelers | 2013 | KL Classic | 20 | 4 | 0 | 0 | — | — | 5 | 1 | 25 | 5 |
| Pohang Steelers | 2014 | KL Classic | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | 3 | 1 | 7 | 1 |
| Busan I'Park | 2015 | KL Classic | 21 | 1 | 0 | 0 | — | — | 0 | 0 | 21 | 1 |
| Country | Japan | Japan | 3 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 |
| Country | South Korea | South Korea | 45 | 5 | 0 | 0 | — | — | 8 | 2 | 53 | 7 |
| Total | Total | Total | 48 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 8 | 2 | 58 | 7 |
$^1$Includes Emperor's Cup. $^2$Includes J.League Cup.
# Carnegie Library (Anaheim, California)

The Carnegie Library in Anaheim, California is a Carnegie library building built in 1908. The Classical Revival style building was designed by John C. Austin, and opened in 1909.
It was a public library until 1963. During the 1970s it served as the personnel office for the City of Anaheim. It is now one of the buildings of the MUZEO, a museum of local culture, history and art.
The Anaheim Carnegie Library was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979.
It is the only Carnegie library remaining in Orange County; others in Fullerton, Orange, Santa Ana, and Huntington Beach did not survive.