# Richard Widmark

Richard Weedt Widmark (December 26, 1914 – March 24, 2008) was an American film, stage, and television actor and producer.
He was nominated for an Academy Award for his role as the villainous Tommy Udo in his debut film, Kiss of Death (1947), for which he also won the Golden Globe Award for Most Promising Newcomer. Early in his career, Widmark was typecast in similar villainous or anti-hero roles in films noir, but he later branched out into more heroic leading and supporting roles in Westerns, mainstream dramas, and horror films among others.

## Early life

Widmark was born December 26, 1914, in Sunrise Township, Minnesota, the son of Ethel Mae (née Barr) and Carl Henry Widmark. His father, a traveling salesman, was of Swedish descent, and his mother was of English and Scottish ancestry. Widmark grew up in Princeton, Illinois, and lived in Henry, Illinois, for a short time, moving frequently because of his father's work. He earned a Bachelor of Arts in speech at Lake Forest College in 1936, both studying acting and teaching it there after graduating. The Army turned him down during World War II because of a perforated ear drum.

## Career
### Radio

Widmark made his performing debut as a radio actor in 1938 on Aunt Jenny's Real Life Stories. In 1941 and 1942, he was heard daily on the Mutual Broadcasting System in the title role of the daytime serial Front Page Farrell, introduced each afternoon as "the exciting, unforgettable radio drama... the story of a crack newspaperman and his wife, the story of David and Sally Farrell." Farrell was a top reporter for the Brooklyn Eagle. When the series moved to NBC, Widmark turned the role to Carleton G. Young and Staats Cotsworth.
During the 1940s, Widmark was also heard on such network radio programs as Gang Busters, The Shadow, Inner Sanctum Mysteries, Joyce Jordan, M.D., Molle Mystery Theater, Suspense, and Ethel and Albert. In 1952, he portrayed Cincinnatus Shryock in an episode of Cavalcade of America titled "Adventure on the Kentucky". He returned to radio drama decades later, performing on CBS Radio Mystery Theater (1974–82), and was also one of the five hosts on Sears Radio Theater (as the Friday "adventure night" host) during 1979-1980.

### Broadway

Widmark appeared on Broadway in 1943 in F. Hugh Herbert's Kiss and Tell and in William Saroyan's Get Away Old Man, directed by George Abbott, which ran for 13 performances. He was in Chicago appearing in a stage production of Dream Girl with June Havoc when 20th Century Fox signed him to a seven-year contract.

### Film and television

Widmark's first movie appearance was in the 1947 film noir Kiss of Death, as the giggling, sociopathic villain Tommy Udo. In his most notorious scene, Udo pushed a woman in a wheelchair (played by Mildred Dunnock) down a flight of stairs to her death. Widmark was almost not cast. He said, "The director, Henry Hathaway, didn't want me. I have a high forehead; he thought I looked too intellectual." Hathaway was overruled by studio boss Darryl F. Zanuck. "Hathaway gave me kind of a bad time," recalled Widmark. Kiss of Death was a commercial and critical success: Widmark won the Golden Globe Award for New Star of the Year - Actor, and was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for his performance.
Widmark followed Kiss of Death with other villainous performances in the films noir The Street with No Name and Road House, and the Western Yellow Sky (all 1948), the latter film with Gregory Peck and Anne Baxter. Another standout villainous role was in the racial melodrama No Way Out (1950), with Sidney Poitier in his film debut. Widmark and Poitier became good friends and worked in a number of films together in later years.
Widmark played heroic roles in films, including Down to the Sea in Ships, Slattery's Hurricane (both 1949), and Elia Kazan's Panic in the Streets (1950). His role as first mate Lunceford in the whaling movie Down to the Sea in Ships was his first starring role as the principal hero. His next starring role was in the 1951 WWII drama, Frogmen. This movie is cited by many Navy Seals as the reason they joined the Navy.
He also featured in Halls of Montezuma (1951) and Don't Bother to Knock (1952) (with Marilyn Monroe), and appeared in two films for director Samuel Fuller: the noir Pickup on South Street (1953) and Cold War drama Hell and High Water (1954).
Widmark was a mystery guest on the CBS quiz show What's My Line? in 1954. The following year, he made a rare foray into comedy on I Love Lucy, portraying himself when a starstruck Lucy trespasses onto his property to steal a souvenir. Widmark finds Lucy sprawled out on his living room floor underneath a bearskin rug.
Widmark continued to appear in a number of successful films, including The Tunnel of Love (1959) with Doris Day, the Westerns Warlock (also 1959) with Henry Fonda, as Jim Bowie in John Wayne's The Alamo (1960), the courtroom drama Judgment at Nuremberg (1961), and reuniting with Sidney Poitier in the adventure The Long Ships (1964).
Widmark produced and starred in the films Time Limit (1957), The Secret Ways (1961) — based on a novel by Alistair MacLean, which Widmark also directed (uncredited) due to clashes with original director Phil Karlson's proposed tongue-in-cheek direction of the screenplay — and The Bedford Incident (1965), his third film with Sidney Poitier and loosely based on the Herman Melville novel Moby Dick.
Widmark received an Emmy Award nomination for his performance as Paul Roudebush, the president of the United States, in the TV movie Vanished! (1971), a Fletcher Knebel political thriller. In 1972, he reprised his detective role from Don Siegel's Madigan (1968) with six 90-minute episodes on the NBC Wednesday Mystery Movie. He performed in a mini-series about Benjamin Franklin, broadcast in 1974, which was a unique experiment of four 90-minute dramas, each with a different actor impersonating Franklin: Widmark, Beau Bridges, Eddie Albert, Melvyn Douglas, and Willie Aames who portrayed Franklin at age 12. The series won a Peabody Award and five Emmys.
Widmark began to drift into supporting roles, though he still played the occasional lead, for instance in the 1976 British-West German film To the Devil a Daughter. He was part of an all-star cast in the 1974 film Murder on the Orient Express (playing the murder victim), the 1977 film Rollercoaster (as an FBI agent), and The Swarm (1978). He had a prominent supporting role in Michael Crichton's Coma (1978) with Geneviève Bujold and Michael Douglas, and portrayed Al Sieber in the TV movie Mr. Horn (1979).
Widmark continued to appear in a number of films during the 1980s, again with Sidney Poitier who directed him in the comedy Hanky Panky (1982), with Gene Wilder. He also featured in the political thriller Who Dares Wins (1982), and Against All Odds (1984), with Jeff Bridges and James Woods. His last television role was in the critically acclaimed TNT adaptation of Cold Sassy Tree (1989) alongside Faye Dunaway.
In all, Widmark appeared in more than 60 films, making his final appearance in the 1991 drama True Colors.
In an interview with Michael Shelden in 2002, Widmark complained that "movie-making has lost a lot of its magic". He thought it had become "mostly a mechanical process...All they want to do is move the camera around like it was on a rollercoaster. A great director like John Ford knew how to handle it. Ford didn't move the camera, he moved the people".

## Personal life

Widmark was married to screenwriter Ora Jean Hazlewood for 55 years from 1942 until her death from Alzheimer's disease in March 1997; they met while attending Lake Forest College. The couple had one daughter, Anne Heath Widmark, an artist and author who was married to Baseball Hall of Famer Sandy Koufax from 1969 to 1982. Widmark named his film production company, Heath Productions, after his daughter.
In 1999, Widmark remarried to socialite Susan Blanchard, the daughter of Dorothy Hammerstein and stepdaughter of Oscar Hammerstein II; she had been Henry Fonda's third wife.
Despite having spent a substantial part of his career appearing in gun-toting roles such as cowboys, police officers, gangsters and soldiers, Widmark disliked firearms and was involved in several gun-control initiatives. In 1976, he stated:
   I know I've made kind of a half-assed career out of violence, but I abhor violence. I am an ardent supporter of gun control. It seems incredible to me that the United States is the only civilized nation that does not put some effective control on guns.
Widmark was a lifelong member of the Democratic Party.
Widmark died after a long illness on March 24, 2008, at his home in Roxbury, Connecticut, at the age of 93. His failing health in his final years was aggravated by a fall he suffered in 2007. He was buried at Roxbury Center Cemetery.

## Legacy

For his contributions to the motion picture industry, Widmark has a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame at 6800 Hollywood Boulevard. In 2002, he was inducted into the Western Performers Hall of Fame at the National Cowboy & Western Heritage Museum in Oklahoma City.

## Filmography
### Films

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 1947 | Kiss of Death | Tommy Udo | Golden Globe Award for Most Promising Newcomer Nominated – Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor |
| 1948 | The Street with No Name | Alec Stiles | |
| 1948 | Road House | Jefferson T. "Jefty" Robbins | |
| 1948 | Yellow Sky | Dude | |
| 1949 | Down to the Sea in Ships | First Mate Dan Lunceford | |
| 1949 | Slattery's Hurricane | Lt. Willard Francis Slattery | |
| 1950 | Night and the City | Harry Fabian | |
| 1950 | Panic in the Streets | Lt. Cmdr. Clinton "Clint" Reed M.D. | |
| 1950 | No Way Out | Ray Biddle | |
| 1951 | Halls of Montezuma | Lt. Anderson | |
| 1951 | The Frogmen | Lt. Cmdr. John Lawrence | |
| 1952 | Red Skies of Montana | Cliff Mason | |
| 1952 | Don't Bother to Knock | Jed Towers | |
| 1952 | O. Henry's Full House | Johnny Kernan | Segment: "The Clarion Call" |
| 1952 | My Pal Gus | Dave Jennings | |
| 1953 | Destination Gobi | CPO Samuel T. McHale | |
| 1953 | Pickup on South Street | Skip McCoy | |
| 1953 | Take the High Ground! | Sgt. Thorne Ryan | |
| 1954 | Hell and High Water | Capt. Adam Jones | |
| 1954 | Garden of Evil | Fiske | |
| 1954 | Broken Lance | Ben Devereaux | |
| 1955 | A Prize of Gold | Sergeant Joe Lawrence | |
| 1955 | The Cobweb | Dr. Stewart "Mac" McIver | |
| 1956 | Backlash | Jim Slater | |
| 1956 | Run for the Sun | Michael "Mike" Latimer | |
| 1956 | The Last Wagon | Comanche Jonathan Todd | |
| 1957 | Saint Joan | The Dauphin, Charles VII | |
| 1957 | Time Limit | Col. William Edwards | Also producer |
| 1958 | The Law and Jake Wade | Clint Hollister | |
| 1958 | The Tunnel of Love | August "Augie" Poole | |
| 1959 | The Trap | Ralph Anderson | |
| 1959 | Warlock | Johnny Gannon | |
| 1960 | The Alamo | Colonel Jim Bowie | |
| 1961 | The Secret Ways | Michael Reynolds | Also producer; uncredited director |
| 1961 | Two Rode Together | First Lt. Jim Gary | |
| 1961 | Judgment at Nuremberg | Col. Tad Lawson | |
| 1962 | How the West Was Won | Mike King | |
| 1964 | The Long Ships | Rolfe | |
| 1964 | Flight from Ashiya | Lt. Col. Glenn Stevenson USAF | |
| 1964 | Cheyenne Autumn | Capt. Thomas Archer | |
| 1965 | The Bedford Incident | Captain Eric Finlander USN | Also producer |
| 1966 | Alvarez Kelly | Col. Tom Rossiter | |
| 1967 | The Way West | Lije Evans | |
| 1968 | Madigan | Det. Daniel Madigan | |
| 1969 | Death of a Gunfighter | Marshal Frank Patch | |
| 1969 | A Talent for Loving | Major Patten | |
| 1970 | The Moonshine War | Dr. Emmett Taulbee | |
| 1972 | When the Legends Die | Red Dillon | |
| 1974 | Murder on the Orient Express | Samuel Ratchett aka Lanfranco Cassetti | |
| 1975 | The Last Day | Will Spence | |
| 1976 | To the Devil a Daughter | John Verney | |
| 1976 | The Sell Out | Sam Lucas | |
| 1977 | Twilight's Last Gleaming | Gen. Martin MacKenzie – Commander in Chief, SAC | |
| 1977 | The Domino Principle | Tagge | |
| 1977 | Rollercoaster | Agent Hoyt | |
| 1978 | Coma | Dr. Harris | |
| 1978 | The Swarm | Gen. Slater | |
| 1979 | Bear Island | Otto Gerran | |
| 1982 | National Lampoon Goes to the Movies | Stan Nagurski | Segment: "Municipalians" |
| 1982 | Hanky Panky | Ransom | |
| 1982 | Who Dares Wins | Secretary of State Arthur Currie | |
| 1984 | Against All Odds | Ben Caxton | |
| 1991 | True Colors | Sen. James Stiles | |

### Television

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 1955 | I Love Lucy | Himself | TV series; "The Tour" |
| 1971 | Vanished | President Paul Roudebush | TV movie Nominated – Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Limited Series or Movie |
| 1972–1973 | Madigan | Sgt. Dan Madigan | TV series; 6 episodes Based on the 1968 film of the same name |
| 1973 | Brock's Last Case | Lieutenant Max Brock | TV movie |
| 1974–1975 | The Lives of Benjamin Franklin | Benjamin Franklin | TV mini-series |
| 1975 | The Last Day | Will Spence | TV movie |
| 1979 | Mr. Horn | Al Sieber | TV movie |
| 1980 | All God's Children | Judge Parke Denison | TV movie |
| 1981 | A Whale for the Killing | Tom Goodenough | TV movie |
| 1985 | Blackout | Joe Steiner | TV movie |
| 1987 | A Gathering of Old Men | Sheriff Mapes | TV movie |
| 1988 | Once Upon a Texas Train | Captain Owen Hayes | TV movie |
| 1989 | Cold Sassy Tree | Enoch Rucker Blakeslee | TV movie |
| 1992 | Lincoln | Ward Hill Lamon (voice) | TV movie |

## Radio appearances

| Year | Program | Episode/source |
| 1952 | Theatre Guild on the Air | Lilim |
| 1953 | Theatre Guild on the Air | 1984 |
| 1953 | Suspense | Othello (Parts 1 and 2) |
| 1979-80 | Sears Radio Theater | Host - Adventure Night |