OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# En with hook

The Cyrillic script :
Slavic letters :
| А | А̀ | А̂ | А̄ | Ӑ | Ӓ | Б | В |
| Г | Ґ | Д | Ђ | Ѓ | Е | Ѐ | Е̂ |
| Е̄ | Ё | Є | Є́ | Ж | З | З́ | Ѕ |
| И | І | І́ | Ї | Ꙇ | Ѝ | И̂ | Ӣ |
| Й | Ӥ | Ј | К | Л | Љ | М | Н |
| Њ | О | О̀ | О̂ | О̄ | Ӧ | П | Р |
| С | С́ | Т | Ћ | Ќ | У | У̀ | У̂ |
| Ӯ | Ў | Ӱ | Ф | Х | Ц | Ч | Џ |
| Ш | Щ | Ꙏ | Ъ | Ъ̀ | Ы | Ь | Ѣ |
| Э | Ю | Ю̀ | Я | Я̀ | ʼ | ˮ | |
Non-Slavic letters :
| А̊ | А̃ | Ӓ̄ | Ӕ | Ә | Ә́ | Ә̃ | Ӛ |
| В̌ | Ԝ | Г̑ | Г̇ | Г̣ | Г̌ | Г̂ | Г̆ |
| Г̈ | Г̊ | Ҕ | Ғ | | Ӻ | Ғ̌ | Ғ̊ |
| Ӷ | Г̡ | Д́ | Д̌ | Д̈ | Д̣ | Д̆ | Ӗ |
| Е̃ | Ё̄ | Є̈ | Ԑ | Ԑ̈ | Җ | Ӝ | Ӂ |
| Ж̣ | Ҙ | Ӟ | З̌ | З̣ | З̆ | Ӡ | И̃ |
| И̇ | Ҋ | Қ | Ӄ | Ҡ | Ҟ | Ҝ | К̣ |
| К̊ | Қ̊ | Ԛ | ᴫ | Л́ | Ӆ | Ԯ | Ԓ |
| Л̈ | Ӎ | ᵸ | Н́ | Ӊ | Ң | Ԩ | Ӈ |
| Ҥ | О̆ | О̃ | Ӧ̄ | Ө | Ө̄ | Ө́ | Ө̆ |
| Ӫ | Ԥ | П̈ | Р̌ | Ҏ | С̌ | Ҫ | С̣ |
| С̱ | Т́ | Т̈ | Т̌ | Т̇ | Т̣ | Ҭ | Ᲊ |
| У̃ | У̌ | Ӳ | У̊ | Ӱ̄ | Ұ | Ү | Ү́ |
| Х̣ | Х̱ | Х̮ | Х̑ | Х̌ | Ҳ | Ӽ | Х̊ |
| Ӿ | Ӿ̊ | Һ | Һ̈ | Ԧ | Ц̌ | Ц̈ | Ҵ |
| Ҷ | Ҷ̣ | Ӵ | Ӌ | | Ҹ | Ч̇ | Ч̣ |
| Ҽ | Ҿ | Ш̣ | ꚜ | Ы̆ | Ы̄ | Ӹ | ꚝ |
| Ҍ | Ҩ | Э̆ | Э̄ | Э̇ | Ӭ | Ӭ́ | Ӭ̄ |
| Ю̆ | Ю̈ | Ю̄ | Я̆ | Я̄ | Я̈ | Ӏ | |
Archaic or unused letters :
А̨Б̀Б̣Б̱В̀Г̀Г̧Г̄Г̓Г̆Ҕ̀Ҕ̆ԀД̓Д̀Д̨ԂꚀꙢЕ̇Е̨Ж̀Ж̑ꙂꙄЏ̆ꚄꚄ̆ꙀЗ̀З̑ԄԆꚈԪꚂꚔІ̂І̣І̨Ј̵Ј̃ꙈК̓К̀К̆Ӄ̆К̑К̇К̈К̄ԞК̂Л̀ԠꙤԈЛ̑Л̇ԔМ̀М̃ꙦН̀Н̄Н̧Н̃ԊԢН̡ѺꙨꙪꙬꙮꚘꚚП̓П̀П́ҦП̧П̑ҀԚ̆Р́Р̀Р̃ԖС̀С̈ԌҪ̓Т̓Т̀ԎТ̑ꚊТ̧ꚌꚌ̆ѸꙊУ̇У̨ꙋ́Ф̑Ф̓Х́Х̀Х̆Х̇Х̧Х̾Х̓һ̱ѠꙌѼѾꙠЦ̀Ц́Ц̓ꚎꚎ̆ꚐЧ́Ч̀Ч̆Ч̑Ч̓ԬꚒꚆꚆ̆Ҽ̆Ш̀Ш̆Ш̑Щ̆ꚖꚖ̆Ъ̄Ъ̈Ъ̈̄ꙐЫ̂Ы̃Ѣ́Ѣ̈Ѣ̆ꙒЭ̨Э̂ꙔЮ̂ꙖЯ̈Я̂Я̨ԘѤѦꙘѪꙚѨꙜѬѮѰѲѴѶꙞ :
List of Cyrillic letters
List of Cyrillic multigraphs :
vte :
En with hook (Ӈ ӈ; italics: Ӈ ӈ) is a letter of the Cyrillic script. Its form is derived from the Cyrillic letter En (Н н) by adding a hook to the right leg.
En with hook commonly represents the voiced velar nasal /ŋ/, like the pronunciation of ⟨ng⟩ in "sing", in Uralic languages.

## Usage

En with hook is used in the alphabets of a number of languages of Siberia, including all the Chukotko-Kamchatkan and Samoyedic languages:

### Chukotko-Kamchatkan languages

* Chukchi
* Koryak
* Kerek
* Alyutor
* Itelmen

### Uralic languages

Several Uralic languages use the en with hook.
These include:

#### Samoyedic languages

* Enets
* Tundra Nenets
* Forest Nenets
* Nganasan
* Selkup

#### Other Uralic languages

* Kildin Sami
* Khanty
* Mansi

### Tungusic languages

* Even
* Evenki
* Nanai
* Negidal
* Oroch
* Orok
* Udege
* Ulch

### Eskimo–Aleut languages

* Aleut
* Chaplino dialect

### Other languages

* Ket
* Nivkh

## Computing codes

En with Hook has different unicodes for capital and small letters.
Character information :
| Preview | Ӈ | Ӈ | ӈ | ӈ |
| Unicode name | CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER EN WITH HOOK | CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER EN WITH HOOK | CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER EN WITH HOOK | CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER EN WITH HOOK |
| Encodings | decimal | hex | dec | hex |
| Unicode | 1223 | U+04C7 | 1224 | U+04C8 |
| UTF-8 | 211 135 | D3 87 | 211 136 | D3 88 |
| Numeric character reference | &#1223; | &#x4C7; | &#1224; | &#x4C8; |
# Sandra Kerr

Sandra Kerr (born 14 February 1942, Plaistow, Newham, Essex) is an English folk singer.
Kerr sings and plays English concertina, guitar, Appalachian dulcimer and autoharp. She was a member of The Critics Group from 1963–1972. With John Faulkner, she wrote the music for the television series Bagpuss and voiced the character of Madeleine (the rag doll). Kerr has been involved in many programmes for BBC Radio including The Music Box and Listen with Mother.
She has sung with her daughter Nancy Kerr (whose father is Ron Elliott, a Northumbrian piper) and in the groups Sisters Unlimited and Voice Union. Her work has developed to include teaching and leading workshops and she is the director of two folk choirs, Wercasfolk and VoiceMale. She was on the staff of Newcastle University's music department for 17 years until 2017.

## Discography

* 'A Merry Progress to London' with the Critics Group (Argo ZFB 60 1966)
* 'Sweet Thames Flow Softly' with the Critics Group (Argo ZDA 47 1966)
* 'Waterloo-Peterloo' with the Critics Group (Argo ZFB 68 1968)
* 'The Female Frolic' with the Critics Group (Argo ZDA 82 1968)
* 'Bagpuss: the Songs & Music' with John Faulkner (Fellside - Smallfolk SMF1 1999)
* 'Yellow Red and Gold' (Fellside FECD152)
* 'My Song is My Own' with Frankie Armstrong, Alison McMorland and Kathy Henderson (Plane Label TPL 0001, 1980)
* 'Nuclear Power No Thanks' with Frankie Armstrong, Roy Bailey, Martin Carthy, Ron Elliott, Howard Evans, Chris Foster, John Kirkpatrick, Alison McMorland, Brian Pearson, Geoff Pearson, Leon Rosselson & Roger Williams (Plane Label IMP2 LP, 1981)
* 'Scalene' with Nancy Kerr & James Fagan (Fellside FECD137)
* 'Supermum' children's songs by Sandra Kerr and friends (Pucca Records YOP 05 LP, UK, 1983)
* 'We Were There' with the Oysterband (Pucca Records YOP 08 LP, UK, 1987)
* 'No Limits' Sisters Unlimited with Janet Russell, Peta Webb and Rosie Davis (1991 Harbour Town)
* 'No Bed of Roses' Sisters Unlimited with Janet Russell, Peta Webb and Rosie Davis (Fellside FECD104)
* 'Neat and Complete' with Nancy Kerr (1996 Fellside FECD107)
* 'Guess What They're Selling at the Happiness Counter' with Leon Rosselson (Fuse Records 1992)
* 'Five Little Frogs' with Nancy Kerr, Leon Rosselson, and Kevin Graal
* 'Five Little Owls' with Nancy Kerr, Leon Rosselson, and Kevin Graal
* 'Voice Union' with Evelyne Girardon and Liliana Bertolo (Fellside FECD119)

### Books

* Kathy Henderson, Frankie Armstrong and Sandra Kerr. My Song is My Own. London: Pluto Press, 1979 ISBN 0-86104-033-3 & ISBN 0-86104-032-5 / ISBN 9780861040322 (One hundred traditional and composed women's songs from the British Isles, with select bibliography and discography.)
* Kerr, Sandra (1 December 1994). The Song Sampler: 26 Folk Songs from Around the World for Group Singing. Illustrated by Rik Walton (2nd ed.). Newcastle upon Tyne: Folkworks. ISBN 9780952075455. OCLC 772808123.
# Wang Churan

Wang Churan (Chinese: 王楚然; born 21 January 1999) is a Chinese actress.

## Career

In 2017, Wang rose to fame for starring in the historical comedy web series Oh My General. This show earned over 100 million clicking rate within the first day of screening. In addition to acting, Wang also sang two OST, Fushui and Enci, for the web series. She then starred in a spin-off of the series, titled "Lovers Across Space" where she played the leading role. She also sung the soundtracks of the drama.
In 2020, Wang gained further recognition from playing Consort Zhang in the historical drama Serenade of Peaceful Joy. The same year she starred in the family drama The Last Goodbye to Mama. In 2023, Wang starred in the medical romance drama Love Heals as Ruan Liuzheng alongside Peng Guanying.

## Filmography
### Television series

| Year | English title | Chinese title | Role | Network | Notes |
| 2017 | Oh My General | 将军在上 | Liu Xiyin | Youku | |
| 2017 | Oh My General: Lovers Across Space | 将军在上之时空恋人 | Liu Xiyin | Youku | |
| 2020 | Serenade of Peaceful Joy | 清平乐 | Consort Zhang | Hunan TV | |
| 2020 | Together | 在一起 | | Dragon TV | |
| 2020 | The Legend of Xiao Chuo | 燕云台 | Yu Xiao | Tencent Video |
| 2021 | The Last Goodbye to Mama | 见啦！母亲大人 | Xu Ya | CCTV | |
| 2022 | Royal Feast | 尚食 | Su Yuehua | Mango TV | |
| 2022 | Challenges at Midlife | 落花时节 | Cheng Kexin | Dragon TV, Zhejiang TV | Guest Role |
| 2023 | Love Heals | 听说你喜欢我 | Ruan Liuzheng | Tencent Video | |
| 2023 | The Longest Promise | 玉骨谣 | Bai Xuelu | Tencent | |
| 2023 | Fireworks of My Heart | 我的人间烟火 | Xu Qin | Mango TV | |
| 2024 | Love Has Fireworks | 爱情有烟火 | Qian fei | Tencent /WeTV | |
|2024 |Are You The One |柳舟记 |Liu Miantang |Tencent / WeTV

## Discography

| Year | English title | Chinese title | Album | Notes |
| 2017 | "Gift" | 恩赐 | Oh My General OST | |
| 2017 | "Flood" | 覆水 | Oh My General OST | |
# Matsell Bridge

The Matsell Bridge is a historic structure located northeast of Springville, Iowa, United States. It carries Matsell Park Road for 303 feet (92 m) over the Wapsipinicon River. This bridge replaced a bowstring truss bridge that had been built in stages between 1870 and 1906. E.W. Blumenschein, bridge design engineer for the Iowa State Highway Commission, recommended a plate girder bridge as a replacement. Clifford Shoemaker, District Engineer of the Federal Bureau of Public Roads, approved the plans as the new span was built by the Works Progress Administration. It was constructed by Amos Melberg for about $22,300. The bridge was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1998.
# 54-58 Waterloo Street

54-58 Waterloo Street is a row of three consecutive and adjoining terrace houses on Waterloo Street in downtown Singapore, which currently houses The Theatre Practice.

## Description

The buildings are classified as Vernacular Classical Urban Row Houses. All three have tall ceilings and windows, as well as openings and pilasters featuring classic mouldings.

## History

All three houses were built in the early 1900s. In the 1910s, 56 Waterloo Street was owned by Mohammed Cassim Mansor. Lim Sin Tat and his family lived at 58 Waterloo Street until the 1930s, while Philip Julian Low Gek Seng lived at 54 Waterloo Street from the 1920s to the later 1940s. Aik Hua Hang Finance Limited moved into 56 Waterloo Street in 1961. In 1965, the Watch Traders and Makers' Association moved into 56 Waterloo Street. The building underwent heavy renovations, which were completed in late 1965. Then-Minister of Finance Lim Kim San officially opened the building on 14 November.
In the mid-1990s, the buildings were renovated and joined together by the National Arts Council as part of its Arts Housing Scheme. After the completion of renovations in 1997, it reopend as the Young Musicians' Society Arts Centre and Auditorium. It also had offices, a music library and a choral studio. The centre housed the SYC Ensemble Singers choir. In 2016, The Theatre Practice, an arts organisation, moved into the building. 58 Waterloo Street also houses the Practice Tuckshop. The building is one of several on Waterloo Street to have been renovated under the Arts Housing Scheme, along with the Stamford Arts Centre, 42 Waterloo Street, the Singapore Calligraphy Centre, which currently houses the Chinese Calligraphy Society Of Singapore, and 60 Waterloo Street, which currently houses Dance Ensemble Singapore.
The houses caught on fire after midnight on 24 July 2023, costing The Theatre Practice over $200,000 in damages.
# 2024 Abierto Tampico – Doubles

Carmen Corley and Rebecca Marino won the title, defeating Alina Korneeva and Polina Kudermetova in the final, 6–3, 6–3.
Kamilla Rakhimova and Anastasia Tikhonova were the reigning champions, but Rakhimova chose to compete in Guangzhou instead. Tikhonova was scheduled to play with Anna Blinkova, but they withdrew from their first round match.

## Seeds

* Oksana Kalashnikova / Iryna Shymanovich (withdrew)
* Anna Blinkova / Anastasia Tikhonova (withdrew)
* Quinn Gleason / Ingrid Martins (quarterfinals)
* María Lourdes Carlé / Eva Vedder (quarterfinals)

## Draw
### Key

* Q = Qualifier
* WC = Wild card
* LL = Lucky loser
* Alt = Alternate
* SE = Special exempt
* PR = Protected ranking
* ITF = ITF entry
* JE = Junior exempt
* w/o = Walkover
* r = Retired
* d = Defaulted
* SR = Special ranking

### Draw

| First round | First round | First round | First round | First round | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Final | Final | Final |
| 1 | O Kalashnikova I Shymanovich | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | V Rodríguez AS Sánchez | w/o | | | | V Rodríguez AS Sánchez | 0 | 7$^7$ | [1] | | | | | |
| | E Arango MP Pérez | 7$^7$ | 3 | [5] | | M Chwalińska A Ružić | 6 | 6$^5$ | [10] | | | | | |
| | M Chwalińska A Ružić | 6$^3$ | 6 | [10] | | | | | | M Chwalińska A Ružić | | | | |
| 4 | ML Carlé E Vedder | 6 | 2 | [10] | | | | | | A Korneeva P Kudermetova | w/o | | | |
| | A Herrero Liñana M Krywoj | 4 | 6 | [6] | 4 | ML Carlé E Vedder | 2 | 6$^6$ | | | | | | |
| WC | J Hinojosa Gómez L Middleton | 1 | 0 | | | A Korneeva P Kudermetova | 6 | 7$^8$ | | | | | | |
| | A Korneeva P Kudermetova | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | A Korneeva P Kudermetova | 3 | 3 |
| | V Erjavec T Zidanšek | 2 | 4 | | | | | | | | | C Corley R Marino | 6 | 6 |
| | M Joint A Sharma | 6 | 6 | | | M Joint A Sharma | 7 | 6 | | | | | | |
| | M Kononova M Kozyreva | 6 | 2 | [6] | 3 | Q Gleason I Martins | 5 | 3 | | | | | | |
| 3 | Q Gleason I Martins | 3 | 6 | [10] | | | | | | M Joint A Sharma | | | | |
| | C Corley R Marino | 4 | 7$^7$ | [10] | | | | | | C Corley R Marino | w/o | | | |
| | N Stojanović J Teichmann | 6 | 6$^3$ | [8] | | C Corley R Marino | 6 | 6$^4$ | [10] | | | | | |
| | E Jacquemot N Párrizas Díaz | w/o | | | | E Jacquemot N Párrizas Díaz | 2 | 7$^7$ | [6] | | | | | |
| 2 | A Blinkova A Tikhonova | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
# Komi Nje

The Cyrillic script :
Slavic letters :
| А | А̀ | А̂ | А̄ | Ӑ | Ӓ | Б | В |
| Г | Ґ | Д | Ђ | Ѓ | Е | Ѐ | Е̂ |
| Е̄ | Ё | Є | Є́ | Ж | З | З́ | Ѕ |
| И | І | І́ | Ї | Ꙇ | Ѝ | И̂ | Ӣ |
| Й | Ӥ | Ј | К | Л | Љ | М | Н |
| Њ | О | О̀ | О̂ | О̄ | Ӧ | П | Р |
| С | С́ | Т | Ћ | Ќ | У | У̀ | У̂ |
| Ӯ | Ў | Ӱ | Ф | Х | Ц | Ч | Џ |
| Ш | Щ | Ꙏ | Ъ | Ъ̀ | Ы | Ь | Ѣ |
| Э | Ю | Ю̀ | Я | Я̀ | ʼ | ˮ | |
Non-Slavic letters :
| А̊ | А̃ | Ӓ̄ | Ӕ | Ә | Ә́ | Ә̃ | Ӛ |
| В̌ | Ԝ | Г̑ | Г̇ | Г̣ | Г̌ | Г̂ | Г̆ |
| Г̈ | Г̊ | Ҕ | Ғ | | Ӻ | Ғ̌ | Ғ̊ |
| Ӷ | Г̡ | Д́ | Д̌ | Д̈ | Д̣ | Д̆ | Ӗ |
| Е̃ | Ё̄ | Є̈ | Ԑ | Ԑ̈ | Җ | Ӝ | Ӂ |
| Ж̣ | Ҙ | Ӟ | З̌ | З̣ | З̆ | Ӡ | И̃ |
| И̇ | Ҋ | Қ | Ӄ | Ҡ | Ҟ | Ҝ | К̣ |
| К̊ | Қ̊ | Ԛ | ᴫ | Л́ | Ӆ | Ԯ | Ԓ |
| Л̈ | Ӎ | ᵸ | Н́ | Ӊ | Ң | Ԩ | Ӈ |
| Ҥ | О̆ | О̃ | Ӧ̄ | Ө | Ө̄ | Ө́ | Ө̆ |
| Ӫ | Ԥ | П̈ | Р̌ | Ҏ | С̌ | Ҫ | С̣ |
| С̱ | Т́ | Т̈ | Т̌ | Т̇ | Т̣ | Ҭ | Ᲊ |
| У̃ | У̌ | Ӳ | У̊ | Ӱ̄ | Ұ | Ү | Ү́ |
| Х̣ | Х̱ | Х̮ | Х̑ | Х̌ | Ҳ | Ӽ | Х̊ |
| Ӿ | Ӿ̊ | Һ | Һ̈ | Ԧ | Ц̌ | Ц̈ | Ҵ |
| Ҷ | Ҷ̣ | Ӵ | Ӌ | | Ҹ | Ч̇ | Ч̣ |
| Ҽ | Ҿ | Ш̣ | ꚜ | Ы̆ | Ы̄ | Ӹ | ꚝ |
| Ҍ | Ҩ | Э̆ | Э̄ | Э̇ | Ӭ | Ӭ́ | Ӭ̄ |
| Ю̆ | Ю̈ | Ю̄ | Я̆ | Я̄ | Я̈ | Ӏ | |
Archaic or unused letters :
А̨Б̀Б̣Б̱В̀Г̀Г̧Г̄Г̓Г̆Ҕ̀Ҕ̆ԀД̓Д̀Д̨ԂꚀꙢЕ̇Е̨Ж̀Ж̑ꙂꙄЏ̆ꚄꚄ̆ꙀЗ̀З̑ԄԆꚈԪꚂꚔІ̂І̣І̨Ј̵Ј̃ꙈК̓К̀К̆Ӄ̆К̑К̇К̈К̄ԞК̂Л̀ԠꙤԈЛ̑Л̇ԔМ̀М̃ꙦН̀Н̄Н̧Н̃ԊԢН̡ѺꙨꙪꙬꙮꚘꚚП̓П̀П́ҦП̧П̑ҀԚ̆Р́Р̀Р̃ԖС̀С̈ԌҪ̓Т̓Т̀ԎТ̑ꚊТ̧ꚌꚌ̆ѸꙊУ̇У̨ꙋ́Ф̑Ф̓Х́Х̀Х̆Х̇Х̧Х̾Х̓һ̱ѠꙌѼѾꙠЦ̀Ц́Ц̓ꚎꚎ̆ꚐЧ́Ч̀Ч̆Ч̑Ч̓ԬꚒꚆꚆ̆Ҽ̆Ш̀Ш̆Ш̑Щ̆ꚖꚖ̆Ъ̄Ъ̈Ъ̈̄ꙐЫ̂Ы̃Ѣ́Ѣ̈Ѣ̆ꙒЭ̨Э̂ꙔЮ̂ꙖЯ̈Я̂Я̨ԘѤѦꙘѪꙚѨꙜѬѮѰѲѴѶꙞ :
List of Cyrillic letters
List of Cyrillic multigraphs :
vte :
Komi Nje (Ԋ ԋ; italics: Ԋ ԋ) is a letter of the Molodtsov alphabet, a variant of Cyrillic. It was used only in the writing of the Komi language in the 1920s.
Its form is similar to the Latin letter Hwair (⟨Ƕ ƕ⟩), but the lowercase form is a small version of the capital letter. Komi Nje represents the palatal nasal /ɲ/, somewhat like the pronunciation of ⟨ni⟩ in "onion". It corresponds to the Cyrillic letter Nje (Њ њ), and to the Latin digraph Ǌ (Ǌ ǋ ǌ) used in the Croatian and Serbian languages.

## Computing codes

Character information :
| Preview | Ԋ | Ԋ | ԋ | ԋ |
| Unicode name | CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER KOMI NJE | CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER KOMI NJE | CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER KOMI NJE | CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER KOMI NJE |
| Encodings | decimal | hex | dec | hex |
| Unicode | 1290 | U+050A | 1291 | U+050B |
| UTF-8 | 212 138 | D4 8A | 212 139 | D4 8B |
| Numeric character reference | &#1290; | &#x50A; | &#1291; | &#x50B; |
# Siege of Kagoshima

31°35′48″N 130°33′26″E﻿ / ﻿31.59667°N 130.55722°E﻿ / 31.59667; 130.55722
The 1587 siege of Kagoshima took place during Japan's Sengoku period, and was the last stand of the Shimazu family against the forces of Toyotomi Hideyoshi. This was the final battle in Hideyoshi's campaign to take Kyūshū.
Following the Shimazu defeat at Sendaigawa, the Shimazu then retreated to their home castle of Kagoshima. Hideyoshi's forces numbering roughly 60,000, then made a landing, having set off from Akune. Under the leadership of Hashiba Hidenaga, Fukushima Masanori, Katō Kiyomasa, and Kuroda Yoshitaka, they then surrounded the city. The land-based divisions, which were not on the boats from Akune, had traversed the volcanic valleys defending the city with the help of local monks. In the end, however, negotiation precluded any fighting.
# 1813–1814 Massachusetts legislature

The 34th Massachusetts General Court, consisting of the Massachusetts Senate and the Massachusetts House of Representatives, met in 1813 and 1814 during the governorship of Caleb Strong. John Phillips served as president of the Senate and Timothy Bigelow served as speaker of the House.

## Senators

* Jacob Abbot
* Samuel C. Allen
* Eli P. Ashmun
* Francis Blake
* Sylvester Brownel
* James Campbell
* Samuel Crocker
* Wendell Davis
* Thomas Dwight
* Walter Folger Jr.
* Edmund Foster
* Timothy Fuller
* Joshua Gage
* Joseph Heath
* Samuel Hoar
* Silas Holman
* John Holmes
* Nathaniel Hooper
* Wolcott Hubbell
* Lothrop Lewis
* Nahum Mitchell
* William Moody
* Thomas H. Perkins
* John Phillips
* Benjamin J. Porter
* Samuel Putnam
* Josiah Quincy
* William Read
* James Richardson
* Thomas Stephens
* Daniel Stowell
* Solomon Strong
* Bezaleel Taft
* Israel Thorndike
* John Varnum
* William Webber
* John Welles
* Daniel A. White
* Joseph Whiton
* Wilkes Wood
# 1815–1816 Massachusetts legislature

The 36th Massachusetts General Court, consisting of the Massachusetts Senate and the Massachusetts House of Representatives, met in 1815 and 1816 during the governorship of Caleb Strong. John Phillips served as president of the Senate and Timothy Bigelow served as speaker of the House.

## Senators

* Jacob Abbot
* Benjamin Adams
* Joseph Bemis
* James Campbell
* Timothy Child
* Nehemiah Cleveland
* Thaddeus Coffin
* Samuel Crocker
* Oliver Crosby
* William Crosby
* James Ellis
* Solomon Freeman
* Timothy Fuller
* Joshua Gage
* John Hart
* Mark L. Hill
* Sam’l Hoar
* Silas Holman
* John Holmes
* Nathaniel Hooper
* Stephen Hooper
* John Howe
* Jonathan Hunnewell
* Samuel Lathrop
* Lathrop Lewis
* William Moody
* Harrison G. Otis
* Elijah Paine
* Thomas H. Perkins
* John Phillips
* John Pickering
* Josiah Quincy
* William Read
* Moses Smith
* Ezra Starkweather
* Thomas Stephens
* Richard Sullivan
* William P. Walker
* Thomas Weston
* Wilkes Wood

## Representatives

* William Smith
# 1817–1818 Massachusetts legislature

The 38th Massachusetts General Court, consisting of the Massachusetts Senate and the Massachusetts House of Representatives, met in 1817 and 1818 during the governorship of John Brooks. John Phillips served as president of the Senate and Timothy Bigelow served as speaker of the House. On February 10, 1818, the General Court issued the corporate charter for the Suffolk Bank to a group of the Boston Associates (including Patrick Tracy Jackson and Daniel Pinckney Parker).

## Senators

* William B. Bannister
* Israel Bartlett
* Solomon Bates
* Joseph Bemis
* Thomas H. Blood
* Peter Bryant.
* James Campbell
* Nehemiah Cleveland
* Oliver Crosby
* Samuel Dana
* James Ellis
* John Endicott
* Solomon Freeman
* John Hart
* Mark L. Hill
* James Howland 2d
* Elihu Hoyt
* James Humphreys
* Jonathan Hunewell
* Samuel Lathrop
* Archelaus Lewis
* William Moody
* John Moore
* Daniel Noble
* Thomas H. Perkins
* John Phillips
* Dudley L. Pickman
* Samuel Porter
* Josiah Quincy
* Alexander Rice
* Elisha Ruggles
* Leverett Saltonstall
* David Stockbridge
* Richard Sullivan
* Joseph B. Varnum
* Daniel Waldo
* John Welles
* John Whiting
* W. D. Williamson
# 1822–1823 Massachusetts legislature

The 43rd Massachusetts General Court, consisting of the Massachusetts Senate and the Massachusetts House of Representatives, met in 1822 and 1823 during the governorship of John Brooks. John Phillips served as president of the Senate and Levi Lincoln Jr. served as speaker of the House.

## Senators

* John Abbot
* Benjamin Adams
* Jonathan Allen
* William Austin
* Hobart Clark
* Elijah Cobb
* Joel Cranston
* Nathaniel M. Davis
* Jethro Dogget
* Jonathan Dwight Jr.
* Lewis Fisher
* Waller Folger Jr.
* James Fowler
* Stephen P. Gardner
* Nathaniel Hooper
* Elihu Hoyt
* Jonathan Hunewell
* Nathaniel Jones
* John Glen King
* Thomas Longley
* Lemuel Moffit
* Benjamin Osgood
* Cushing Otis
* Thomas H. Perkins
* John Phillips
* Edward S. Rand
* Rohert Rantoul
* Benjamin Reynolds
* Thomns Rotch
* John Ruggles
* Benjamin Russell
* Lemuel Shaw
* Oliver Starkweather
* Lewis Strong
* Joseph Strong Jr.
* Levi Thaxter
* Joseph Tilden
* Salem Town Jr.
* Aaron Tufts
* Timothy Walker

## Representatives

* Lynde Walter
# 1839 Massachusetts legislature

The 60th Massachusetts General Court, consisting of the Massachusetts Senate and the Massachusetts House of Representatives, met in 1839 during the governorship of Edward Everett. Myron Lawrence served as president of the Senate and Robert Charles Winthrop served as speaker of the House.
On March 9, "72 women, citizens of Boston, petitioned the Legislature for a repeal" of laws banning interracial marriage.
At the time, members required a majority of the popular vote to be declared elected. If no winner was chosen, the General Court voted to resolve the election, usually in favor of whichever party held the majority of seats in the General Court.

## Senators

* James Allen
* Samuel T. Armstrong
* George Ashmun
* George Blake
* Reuben Boise, Jr.
* Isaiah Breed
* Stephen B. Brown
* James G. Carter
* Samuel Chandler
* Linus Child
* William Clark, Jr.
* Lilly Eaton
* Lester Filley
* Thomas French
* Samuel G. Goodrich
* Nathan Gurney
* William Hancock
* Ephraim Hastings
* Charles Kimball
* Daniel P. King
* Thomas Kinnicutt
* Samuel Lane
* Myron Lawrence
* Artemas Lee
* Charles Leighton
* Josiah Little
* Charles Marston
* Joseph Meigs
* George Morey
* Stuart J. Park
* Sampson Perkins
* Horatio Pratt
* Josiah Quincy Jr.
* Joseph L. Richardson
* Jeremiah Spofford
* George B. Upton
* Samuel B. Walcott
* Jared Whitman
* Seth Whitmarsh
* Sidney Willard
# 1857 Massachusetts legislature

The 78th Massachusetts General Court, consisting of the Massachusetts Senate and the Massachusetts House of Representatives, met in 1857 during the governorship of Henry Gardner. Charles Wentworth Upham served as president of the Senate and Charles A. Phelps served as speaker of the House.
There were 395 men in the combined house and senate, with the following occupations:
   "farmers and horticulturists, 77; merchants, 65; lawyers, 33; shoe manufacturers, 31; manufacturers, 29; clergymen, 13; physicians and housewrights, 12 each, 24; teachers, 10; master mariners, 9; lumber dealers and clerks, 6 each, 12; editors and shipwrights, 5 each, 10; blacksmiths, druggists and publishers, 4 each, 12; bakers, carriage makers, paper makers, sail makers, and grain dealers, 3 each, 16; cabinet makers, chair makers, clothiers, civil engineers, conveyancers, gentlemen, ship joiners, printers, tin plate workers, machinists, 2 each; 20; auctioneer, axe maker, auger and bitt maker, butcher, broker, balance maker, book-binder, book-keeper, book-seller, calico printer, dentist, engineer, forwarding agent, gilder, iron founder, hotel keeper, leather and hides, land surveyor, law student, reporter, provision dealer, manufacturer of cotton, silk and safes, real estate dealer, pianoforte maker, friction match, shuttle maker, bonnet maker, tanner, ship builder, tailor, mechanic, ship chandler, painter, 1 each, 35."

## Senators

* O. W. Albee
* Oliver Ames Jr.
* John W. Atwood
* John Batehelder
* Gad O. Bliss
* Arthur P. Bonney
* William S. Brakenridge
* Robert I. Burbank
* Asaph Churchill
* Benjamin C. Clark
* John Cowdin
* Constantiue C. Esty
* Matthew D. Field
* Hugh W. Greene
* Benj. W. Harris
* Gideon Haynes
* J. F. Hitchcock
* George F. Hoar
* Caleb D. Hunking
* John M. Merrick
* George W. Messinger
* Jacob Mitchell
* William Mixter
* Eben S. Poor
* Henry B. Rogers
* Henry L. Sabin
* Ezekiel R. Sawin
* John H. Shaw
* Eben F. Stone
* Charles F. Swift
* Velorous Taft
* William Taylor
* John N. Turner
* Charles W. Upham
* James M. Usher
* Oliver Warner
* Aza. B. Wheeler
* Joseph White
* Ohio Whitney Jr.
* Jeremiah S. Young

## Representatives

* Thaddeus Allen