OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Paul Ernst (pathologist)

Paul Ernst (1859-1937) was a Swiss pathologist who studied in Zurich, Berlin and Heidelberg under Edwin Klebs, Robert Koch and Julius Arnold.

## Life

He was born on April 26, 1859, in Zurich In the family house "Zum Garten" of the von Muralt family as the eldest son of Dr Friedrich Ernst and Anna Elisabeth von Muralt and died in 1937. His father was also a medical doctor and, for a short term (1860-1863), Professor and director of the medical and surgery outpatient clinic in Zurich. His mother's lineage produced many famous physicians, such as Johannes von Muralt (1645-1733) and Ludwig von Muralt (1869-1917). Paul was conferred doctor of medicine in 1884 with his thesis entitled: "Zur Aetiologie der Nephritis", in which he focussed on the bacterial origin of glomerulonephritis.
This shifted his interest towards infectious diseases, and he subsequently worked from 1885 to 1886 under the supervision of Robert Koch in Berlin. Here, he also attended demonstrations and lectures of Rudolf Virchow. This was followed by an appointment as a pathology assistant with Julius Arnold at the Ruperto Carola Universitat in Heidelberg. Here, he was selected because of his knowledge of bacteriology. He was appointed as an extraordinary professor of Pathology at the Ruperto Carola Universitat in Heidelberg in 1893, followed by an appointment as full professor and director of the Institute for Pathology at the University of Zurich from 1900-1907.
From 1904 to 1906, he was dean of the university's Medical Faculty. He was subsequently asked to return to the University of Heidelberg, where he was appointed full professor and successor to his former mentor Julius Arnold from 1907-1928. Here, he was appointed twice as dean of the medical faculty in 1908-1909 and 1918-1919, respectively. He published on various subjects of pathology in more than 100 scientific contributions such as on histopathological staining methods of Corynebacterium xerosis and Corynebacterium diphteriae. He discovered and described together with Victor Babeș metachromatic granules occurring in the protoplasm of gram-positive bacteriae, protozoa and algae, which were later known under the eponymous name Babes-Ernst granules or Volutin granules. He worked on the structure of myelin sheaths of peripheral nerves and so-called spherical crystals in cancer cells.
He wrote a thoughtful contemporary reflection on the importance of the work of Rudolf Virchow on cellular pathology. Sixty-two students wrote dissertations under his supervision, originating from Switzerland, Russia, Poland, Germany, Austria, Romania and even New Zealand. Six of them eventually became professors: Heinrich Zangger (1874-1957), Felix Nager (1877-1959), Hans Hunziker (1878-1941), Karl Henschen, Willy Knoll, Emil Looser. He passed away in 1937 at the age of 78 in Heidelberg; His urn is buried in the family grave Privatfriedhof Hohe Promenade [de] in Zurich.
# Paul Roebling

Paul Roebling (March 1, 1934 – July 27, 1994) was an American actor noted for Blue Thunder, Prince of the City and Carolina Skeletons. In the 1990 Ken Burns PBS documentary The Civil War, Roebling was the voice of Joshua Lawrence Chamberlain and read the famous letter written by Sullivan Ballou. He also directed his wife, Olga Bellin, in Zelda.

## Background

Roebling was a direct descendant of John Roebling and Washington Roebling, the designers and engineers of the Brooklyn Bridge. In Ken Burns' documentaries on the Brooklyn Bridge and the Civil War, Roebling was the voice of Washington Roebling.
Roebling died by suicide on July 27, 1994, in Teec Nos Pos, Arizona. His wife had died from cancer several years earlier.

## Awards

* Roebling won the 1962 Obie Award for Distinguished Performance by an Actor for his performance in This Side of Paradise.

## Filmography

| Year | Title | Role |
| 1981 | Prince of the City | Assistant U.S. Atty. Brooks Paige |
| 1982 | The End of August | Leonce |
| 1983 | Blue Thunder | Icelan |
# Mirza Masoud Ansari Garmrudi

Mirza Masoud Ansari Garmrudi (Persian: میرزا مسعود انصاری گرم‌رودی; died 1848) was an Iranian politician who served as the Minister of Foreign Affairs twice (1835–1838 and 1845–1848).
He was born in 1790. He was the son of Mirza Abdol Rahim Ansari and cousin of Mirza Saeed Khan Ansari. He became the secretary and translator of the crown prince Abbas Mirza since he was the first Iranian official to become fluent in French. In 1829, following the murder of the Russian diplomat Alexander Griboyedov by the people of Tehran, a delegation led by prince Khosrow Mirza was sent to the Russian capital Saint Petersburg to apologize. The delegation included Mirza Mohammad Khan Zangana, Mirza Masoud, Mirza Saleh Shirazi, Hossein Ali Beg (Khosrow Mirza's uncle), Mirza Taqi Khan Farahani (the future Amir Kabir), Hajji Baba Afshar, Fazel Khan Garrusi, Mohammad Hossein Khan, Magniago de Borea (Khosrow Mirza's French tutor) and Barthélémy Semino (a French military advisor). The delegation's journey to Saint Petersburg was recorded by Mirza Masoud's secretary Mirza Mostafa Afshar. He described how the Russian emperor was impressed by the French knowledge of Mirza Masoud. In 1835, Mirza Masoud was appointed as the Minister of Foreign Affairs by Mohammad Shah Qajar (r. 1834–1848), which he served as until 1838. Around the same period, Mirza Masoud married Zia ol-Saltaneh, the seventh daughter of Fath-Ali Shah Qajar (r. 1797–1834). Together, they had two daughters and two sons. From 1845 to 1848, Mirza Masoud served as the Minister of Foreign Affairs again. He died in 1848 and was buried in Najaf.
# Dan Roushar

Dan Roushar (born September 27, 1960) is an American football coach who is the offensive line coach for the Chicago Bears.

## Coaching career

He was the offensive coordinator at Michigan State. Roushar has served as an assistant coach with several teams, beginning in 1986 as the offensive backfield coach with Butler. He formerly held the offensive coordinator position at Butler, Ball State, Northern Illinois, Illinois, and offensive line coach at Cincinnati.
On February 16, 2013, the New Orleans Saints hired Roushar as their running backs coach. He served in a variety of roles over a decade with the team, performing duties as running backs coach, tight ends coach, offense line coach, and run game coordinator. On January 19, 2023, Rouchar was dismissed by the Saints.
On February 9, 2023, Rouchar was hired by Tulane University to serve as the team's offensive line coach.
On February 3, 2025, the Chicago Bears hired Roushar as their offensive line coach.
# Kala Afgana

Kala Afghana is a village in Batala tehsil located in Gurdaspur district of Punjab State, India. It is 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) from sub district headquarter which is Batala and 55 kilometres (34 mi) from district headquarter and 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) from Sri Hargobindpur. The village is administrated by a Sarpanch, an elected representative of the village. The village is about 5 km from Dhianpur and about 10 km from Fatehgarh Churian.

## History

Before 1947, the village is said to have large number of Muslims in it. A mosque is still standing in the village. The village also became a center of the communists in the area. Communists still have a significant presence in the village.

## Demography

As of 2011, The village has 979 houses and the population of 4944, of which 2589 are males and 2355 are females. According to the report published by Census India in 2011, out of the total population of the village 377 people are from Schedule Caste and the village does not have any Schedule Tribe population so far. The village has a significant Christian population.

## Education

Notable educational institutions in Kala Afghana include:-
* Government Guru Nanak College
* Government High School, Kala Afgana
# Clarissa Scott Delany

Clarissa Scott Delany, nee Clarissa Mae Scott (1901–1927) was an African-American poet, essayist, educator and social worker associated with the Harlem Renaissance.

## Life

Clarissa Mae Scott was the daughter of Emmett Jay Scott, secretary to Booker T. Washington, and Elenor Baker Scott. She was born and grew up in Tuskegee, Alabama, and was educated at Bradford Academy and Wellesley College, joining Delta Sigma Theta and graduating with Phi Beta Kappa honors in 1923. After travelling in France and Germany, she taught for three years at Dunbar High School in Washington, D.C. While in Washington she attended Georgia Douglas Johnson's literary salon, the Saturday Nighters Club.
Scott's four published poems are unusual in that she does not discuss specific struggles, but speaks more allegorically. Her work was positively received by Alice Dunbar-Nelson, Angeline Weld Grimké, and W. E. B. Du Bois.
In 1926 Scott married the attorney Hubert Thomas Delany, and they moved to New York City. She worked as a social worker, collecting statistics for a "Study of Delinquent and Neglected Negro Children" in New York City with the National Urban League and the Women's City Club. In 1927 she died of kidney disease, after experiencing six months of a streptococcal infection.
American author, professor and literary critic Samuel R. Delany is her nephew.

## Works
### Poems

* "Solace", in Opportunity: A Journal of Negro Life, 1925
* "Joy", in Opportunity: A Journal of Negro Life, 1926
* "The Mask", in Palms, 1926
* "Interim", in Countee Cullen, ed., Caroling Dusk: An Anthology of Verse by Negro Poets, 1927

### Essays

* "A Golden Afternoon in Germany", in Opportunity: A Journal of Negro Life
# Lynnhaven House

The Lynnhaven House, also Wishart–Boush House, Wishart House, and Boush House, which was built circa 1725, is an example of 18th century Tidewater Virginia vernacular architecture and is located in Virginia Beach, Virginia. Although it was founded by the Thelaball family, it is sometimes referred to as the Boush House or the Wishart House. The house was given the name the Lynnhaven House due to its close proximity to the Lynnhaven River, which flows on the same property. Originally, the home, located at 4405 Wishart Road, stood on a 250-acre plantation. Now, it is located on five and a half acres.
This house reflects the social and economic status of Francis Thelaball, a middling plantation owner who built it for his family. This home provides a glimpse into the life of middle-class planter rather than a wealthy plantation owner. Francis, his wife Abigail, their five sons, an apprentice, and several enslaved people all lived in the house from 1725 to 1727. While relatively little is known about Francis and his wife Abigail, much more is known about Francis's cousin, Joyce Langley Thelaball who was born in 1694. Architectural and design details including brick jack arches, a close-spindle staircase with teardrop pendant, and ship's lap floor construction reveal a builder concerned with quality as well as artistry. Behind the historic house lies a small cemetery with plots that date back to the American Revolutionary War. This 19th-century burial ground of the Boush family stands watch to the south of the house that the family once owned, and is why the house is sometimes referred to as the Boush House.
The house was used as a private residence until 1971 when it was donated to Preservation Virginia (formerly known as the Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities) by the heirs of William W. Oliver III. It was under the care of Preservation Virginia before the City of Virginia Beach acquired the property. The 18th century home has had very few changes made throughout the years and is estimated to still have 85% of its original materials intact, which makes it one of the country's best-preserved buildings from that time period.
The Lynnhaven House is listed as part of the United States National Register of Historic Places as a National Historic Landmark. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1969.
# Gwandalan, New South Wales

Gwandalan (/ɡwɒndələn/) is a suburb of the Central Coast region of New South Wales, Australia, located on a peninsula extending northwards into Lake Macquarie. It is part of the Central Coast Council local government area.

## Population

According to the 2016 census of Population, there were 3,273 people in Gwandalan.
* Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people made up 5.6% of the population.
* 86.0% of people were born in Australia and 92.2% of people spoke only English at home.
* The most common responses for religion were Catholic 28.7%, No Religion 27.3% and Anglican 24.2%.

## Name

The name Gwandalan is derived from the Aboriginal for restful place.

## School

Gwandalan Public School is the only school in Gwandalan. Most Gwandalan Public School students go to Lake Munmorah High School as it is the closest secondary school.
# Arthur Ludwich

Arthur Ludwich (18 May 1840, Lyck in East Prussia – 12 November 1920, Königsberg) was a German classical philologist who specialized in Homeric studies. He is remembered for his observations involving the metric and prosody of Homer.
He studied theology and classical philology at the University of Königsberg, where his instructors included Karl Lehrs and Ludwig Friedlander. In 1874–75 he conducted Homeric research in Italy, and during the following year, became an associate professor at the University of Breslau. In 1878 he succeeded Lehrs as professor of Greek philology at Königsberg.

## Selected works

* Aristarchs Homerische Textkritik nach den Fragmenten des Didymos (2 volumes), 1884–85 – Aristarchus' Homeric textual criticism according to the fragments of Didymos.
* Homeri Odyssea (2 volumes), 1889, 1891 – Homer's "Odyssey".
* Die Homervulgata als voralexandrinisch erwiesen, 1898 – The vulgate Homer as pre-Alexandrian evidence.
* Homeri Ilias (2 volumes), 1901–02. Homer's "Iliad".
* Anekdota zur griechischen Orthographie, 1905 – Anecdota to Greek orthography.
* Homerischer Hymnenbau nebst seinen Nachahmungen bei Kallimachos, Theokrit, Vergil, Nonnos und Anderen, 1908 – Homeric hymn construction together with its imitations in Callimachus, Theocritus, Virgil, Nonnus and others.
* Nonni Panopolitani Dionysiaca (2 volumes) 1909, 1911.
# James Goll

James W. Goll (born July 3, 1952), formerly known as Jim Goll, is a New Apostolic Reformation Christian evangelist in the U.S.

## Early life and education

James W. "Jim" Goll was on born July 3, 1952, in Missouri.

## Career

Goll has worked as a Christian evangelist in the United States, as a part of the broader New Apostolic Reformation. Goll was listed, in 1999, as a member of the Apostolic Council of Prophetic Elders, with Cindy Jacobs, Chuck Pierce, Dutch Sheets, and C. Peter Wagner. Goll's ministry focuses on prophecy, and he has been termed one (as one of the Kansas City Prophets). He is an adviser and a voice in the global prayer and prophetic movements.
In addition, he is an author, and the founder of Global Prayer Storm, and God Encounters Ministries. He is also coordinator of Encounters Alliance, co-founder of Encounters Network, an instructor at C. Peter Wagner's Wagner Leadership Institute, and a member of the Harvest International Ministries apostolic team.
In 2023, Goll taught online classes, produced a podcast entitled God Encounters Today, and wrote a blog for Charisma.

## Partial bibliography

Goll has written and co-authored several books, including:
* Revival Breakthrough: Preparing for Seasons of Glory, Awakening, and Great Harvest, 2022, with Randy Clark
* The Mystery of Israel and the Middle East: A Prophetic Gaze into the Future, 2021, with Don Finto
* The Prophet: Creating and Sustaining a Life-Giving Prophetic Culture, 2019, with Shawn Bolz
* The Discerner: Hearing, Confirming, and Acting On Prophetic Revelation (A Guide to Receiving Gifts of Discernment and Testing the Spirits), 2017, with Lance Wallnau
* A Call to Courage, 2007, with Michal Ann Goll
* Hearing God's Voice Today: Practical Help for Listening to Him and Recognizing His Voice, 2016, with Kris Vallotton
* The Call of the Elijah Revolution, 2011, with Lou Engle
* Prayer Storm: The Hour That Changes the World, 2011
* Deliverance from Darkness: The Essential Guide to Defeating Demonic Strongholds and Oppression, 2010, with John Sandford
* Angelic Encounters: Engaging Help From Heaven, 2007, with Michal Ann Goll
* The Lost Art of Practicing His Presence, 2006
* The Seer: The Prophetic Power of Visions, Dreams, and Open Heavens, 2005, with Mark Chironna

## Personal life

Goll and married Michal Ann in 1976. She died in 2008.
Goll has four adult children and several grandchildren. He lives in Franklin, Tennessee.
# Harry Newbould

Henry J. Newbould (1861 – April 1928) was an English football player and manager who managed Derby County and Manchester City.
Newbould was born in Liverpool, Lancashire. Before becoming a manager, he combined a job at an iron foundry with playing football, playing as an outside right. Derby St. Luke and Sheffield Wednesday were among his clubs. He later trained as an accountant.
In 1900 he became the first person to hold the position of manager at Derby County, stepping up from his previous position as assistant secretary. Prior to his appointment, the Derby team was selected by committee. Newbould's Derby reached the FA Cup final in 1903, but lost 6–0 to Bury at Crystal Palace. In 1906, financial pressures led Derby's directors to sell England international Steve Bloomer to Middlesbrough. Newbould disagreed with the decision, and left the club at the end of the season to take up the managerial position at Manchester City.
Newbould joined Manchester City with the club in turmoil. A scandal concerning illegal payments to players had resulted in the suspension of seventeen players, leaving a squad of only eleven players. Newbould was tasked with both rebuilding the team and proving the club's accounts were being run in a lawful manner. Newbould's first match was an encounter with Woolwich Arsenal at Hyde Road. The makeshift side struggled on a hot day, losing three players to sunstroke by half-time. By the end of the match City were down to just six players, the final score was 4–1 to Arsenal. His second match saw an even heavier defeat, 9–1 to Everton, a scoreline which remains a club record defeat more than a century later. Over the course of the season Newbould's City gradually recovered, winning the first top-flight Manchester derby 3–0, but only finished two places above the relegation zone. The following season, he guided Manchester City to a third-place finish, but performances were inconsistent, and in the 1908–09 season the club were relegated. Newbould remained manager after relegation and led City to the Second Division championship at the first attempt. After two consecutive bottom half Division One finishes, Newbould left the club.
After leaving City he had a brief spell as a coach at Copenhagen's Akademisk Boldklub before becoming secretary of the Players' Union in 1913, a position he held until his death in 1928.
# Heigham Holmes

Heigham Holmes is a national nature reserve located within the Norfolk Broads in the English county of Norfolk. The reserve is, in effect, an island, being surrounded by the river channels, drainage ditches and wetland areas of the Broads. It is only accessible by an unusual floating swing bridge across the River Thurne from the village of Martham.
The reserve is owned by the National Trust and is within the Broads National Park and the civil parish of Potter Heigham. It is only opened to the public for one day a year.
It has been suggested that Heigham Holmes was used by the Special Operations Executive as a secret airfield between 1940 and 1944, with Lysander aircraft operating from the airfield to ferry agents to occupied Europe. However, no evidence of an airfield has been found in any records (military or local), maps or on aerial photographs, and any military-type structures that may have existed would appear to have been removed by the end of the Second World War, therefore any such usage cannot be confirmed.
The subject of an airfield having existed in Heigham Holmes was featured erroneously in the BBC's Secret Britain television series, first broadcast in 2010.
# Steve Whitaker (baseball)

Stephen Edward Whitaker (born May 7, 1943) is an American former Major League Baseball outfielder. He played from 1966 to 1970 for the New York Yankees, Seattle Pilots and San Francisco Giants. Whitaker was signed by the Yankees as an amateur free agent in 1962, and made his major league debut with the Yankees on August 23, 1966, going 1-for-4 in a 1–0 loss against the California Angels. In 1967, he played his first full season in the majors, batting .243 with 11 home runs and 50 RBI in 122 games with the Yankees.
After the 1968 season, he was selected by the Kansas City Royals in the 1968 Major League Baseball expansion draft. Whitaker was traded by the Royals, along with John Gelnar to the Pilots for Lou Piniella at the end of spring training 1969. He split the 1969 season between the majors and minors, batting .250 with six home runs and 13 RBI in 69 games with the Pilots.
On December 12, 1969, Whitaker was traded to the San Francisco Giants alongside Dick Simpson in exchange for Bob Bolin. In his final major league action, he hit .111 (3-for-27) while driving in four runs.
Following his playing career, Whitaker became a real estate broker along with his son, Chad. Chad was drafted in the third round of the 1995 MLB draft by the Cleveland Indians, and played in their minor league system until 2001.
# Battle of Castagnaro

The Battle of Castagnaro was fought on 11 March 1387 at Castagnaro (today's Veneto, northern Italy) between Verona and Padua. It is one of the most famous battles of the Italian condottieri age.
The army of Verona was led by Giovanni Ordelaffi and Ostasio II da Polenta, while the victorious Paduans were commanded by John Hawkwood (Giovanni Acuto) and Francesco Novello da Carrara, the son of Francesco I, lord of Padua. John Hawkwood brought 1,100 of his own condottiere (600 cavalry and 500 archers, or vice versa depending on the source) to supplement the Paduan forces of 8,000 men (Giuseppe Marcotti places the number of dismounted condottiere at 6,000 men, along with a reserve of 1,600 horse. He also goes on to say that there were 1,000 native footmen of Padua, and 600 crossbowmen guarding a river bank.)
Castagnaro is hailed as Sir John Hawkwood's greatest victory. Following a Fabian-like strategy, Hawkwood goaded the Veronese into attacking him on a field of his own choosing, by laying waste to the Veronese lands nearby.
Drawing his forces up on the far side of a canal, and anchoring his right flank on a patch of woods, Hawkwood waited until the Veronese had committed to attacking across a ford of fascines piled up in the canal. Once so occupied, Hawkwood sprang his trap.
Hawkwood had left a copy of his standard behind his forces, then had led his cavalry into the woods to his right. At a given signal — supposedly, a flaming arrow — the copy of his standard dropped, and Hawkwood's cavalry burst from the woods on the Veronese left, with his real standard in front. At the point of impact, Hawkwood is said to have cast his commander's baton into the Veronese ranks and ordered his men to retrieve it for him.
Per Trease, it is said that Hawkwood's battle cry that day was a grim play on the Paduan war-cry of Carro! ("Cart!", from the coat of arms of the House of Da Carrara) — in Hawkwood's rendition, it became Carne! ("Flesh!").
The Veronese tried to intervene with their reserve of 2,500 cavalry commanded by Captain General Giovanni degli Ordelaffi and Ostasio da Polenta. However, the road was blocked by Hawkwood's forces, and Giovanni degli Ordelaffi and Ostasio da Polenta were captured; 1,900 of the cavalry fled, but were pursued and many were captured. The corps of infantry and Veronese peasants commanded by Giovanni da Isola remained intact on the battlefield, but was destroyed after it refused to surrender.