OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Abatis

An abatis, abattis, or abbattis is a field fortification consisting of an obstacle formed (in the modern era) of the branches of trees laid in a row, with the sharpened tops directed outwards, towards the enemy. The trees are usually interlaced or tied with wire. Abatis are used alone or in combination with wire entanglements and other obstacles.

## History

Gregory of Tours mentions the use of abatises several times in his writing about the history of the early Franks. He wrote that the Franks ambushed and destroyed a Roman army near Neuss during the reign of Magnus Maximus with the use of an abatis. He also wrote that Mummolus, a general working for Burgundy, successfully used an abatis to defeat a Lombard army near Embrun.
A classic use of an abatis was at the Battle of Carillon (1758) during the Seven Years' War. The 3,600 French troops defeated a massive army of 16,000 British and Colonial troops by fronting their defensive positions with an extremely dense abatis. The British found the defences almost impossible to breach and were forced to withdraw with some 2,600 casualties. Other uses of an abatis can be found at the Battle of the Chateauguay, 26 October 1813, when approximately 1,300 Canadian Voltigeurs, under the command of Charles-Michel de Salaberry, defeated an American corps of approximately 4,000 men, or at the Battle of Plattsburgh.

## Construction

An important weakness of abatis, in contrast to barbed wire, is that it can be destroyed by fire. Also, if laced together with rope instead of wire, the rope can be very quickly destroyed by such fires, after which the abatis can be quickly pulled apart by grappling hooks thrown from a safe distance.
An important advantage is that an improvised abatis can be quickly formed in forested areas. This can be done by simply cutting down a row of trees so that they fall with their tops toward the enemy. An alternative is to place explosives so as to blow the trees down.

## Modern use

Abatis are rarely seen nowadays, having been largely replaced by wire obstacles. However, it may be used as a replacement or supplement when barbed wire is in short supply. A form of giant abatis, using whole trees instead of branches, can be used as an improvised anti-tank obstacle.
# Inn i evighetens mørke

Inn i evighetens mørke (English: Into Eternal Darkness) is the first EP by Norwegian symphonic black metal band Dimmu Borgir. It was first released as a demo in August 1994, and later as an EP on 17 December. The EP was released by Necromantic Gallery Productions on 7-inch vinyl limited to 1000 copies.
The EP is included in the True Kings of Norway split-CD by Spinefarm Records, released in 2000; this version removes all vocals from Part I. In 2003, a bootleg version on Hat Records was released, that only contained the two-part track "Inn i evighetens mørke" and "Raabjørn speiler draugheimens skodde" was not included on this release.
The track "Raabjørn speiler draugheimens skodde" would later be included on the band's debut album For all tid, and would also be re-recorded for Enthrone Darkness Triumphant and the Godless Savage Garden EP as well. Both parts of "Inn i evighetens mørke" were remastered for the re-release of For all tid in 1997, again using the instrumental version of Part I.

## Track listing

All tracks are written by Silenoz and Shagrath

## Personnel
### Dimmu Borgir

* Erkekjetter Silenoz – lead vocals, rhythm guitar
* Tjodalv – lead guitar
* Brynjard Tristan – bass
* Stian Aarstad - synthesizers, keyboards, effects
* Shagrath – drums

### Additional personnel

* Christophe Szpajdel – logo
# Bronchales

Bronchales is a village and municipality located in the Sierra de Albarracín province of Teruel, Aragon, Spain. According to the 2004 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 463 inhabitants.
It is known for its mass of pine forests (one of the best preserved in Spain), which makes it a holiday resort for many families both in the community of Aragon and the neighboring Valencian Community.
It is located at 1,569 meters above sea level, being one of the highest villages in Spain. We can find great amount of fountains, whose waters are of recognized by their quality and extraordinary healthy properties.
# Morgan Academy

Morgan Academy is a secondary school in the Stobswell area of Dundee, Scotland. Morgan Academy was founded in 1889 and is the second oldest state school in Dundee behind Harris Academy.

## History

The building was designed in 1862 by the Edinburgh architects John Dick Peddie and Charles Kinnear, opening in 1866 as the Morgan Hospital, a charitable institution providing accommodation and education for "sons of tradesmen and persons of the working class generally whose parents stand in the need of assistance".
In 1888, Morgan Hospital closed and a year later in 1889, the school opened as Morgan Academy, often referred to by alumni as "The Morgan" or simply "Morgan", with various alterations, including roofing over the courtyard as a hall. The architecture is designated as a Category 'A' listing by Historic Scotland.
Its benefactor was John Morgan, the son of a Dundee maltman, who emigrated to India at the age of 20 where, with his brother, he became a wealthy indigo farmer. Upon his death in 1850 he bequeathed much of his fortune to establish a residential institution. The hospital closed in 1888 and was bought by the members of the Dundee Burgh School Board, who re-opened it as a school.
Until the advent of comprehensive education in the late 1960s and early 1970s, there were mainly two types of high school in Scotland: junior secondaries where students left school at 16 and began preparation for one of the trades or entered the workforce, and academies where students remained until the end of fifth or sixth year and took highers before normally going to college or university. Morgan functioned in the latter category.
Morgan Academy later became a comprehensive school in 1972, although the school was still called an academy rather than a high school.
The school suffered a fire on 21 March 2001 which destroyed much of the building. It was rebuilt using the original facade and much of the internal appearance. The newly rebuilt Morgan Academy was re-opened in November 2004, by then Minister for Education and Young People Peter Peacock MSP. A portrait of John Morgan, found in the basement of the McManus Galleries, was unveiled at newly rebuilt school and placed on show in the Great Hall of the school.

## Houses

The school consists of three houses, named after three Scottish castles: Airlie, Cortachy and Mains which compete annually in the House Championship and also elect House Captains, formerly one male and one female but now three of any gender combination, from Sixth Year. Originally four houses, the three aforementioned plus Glamis, which was dissolved in 2011.

## Gallery

* Morgan Academy Dundee Central Tower Detail
* Morgan Academy Dundee Wall Detail
# Syafruddin Kambo

Syafruddin Kambo (12 April 1961 – 20 February 2025) was an Indonesian politician. An independent, he served as Minister of State Apparatus Utilization and Bureaucratic Reform from 2018 to 2019.
Kambo died in Jakarta on 20 February 2025, at the age of 63.
# Carlos Monasterios

Carlos Monasterios Hernández (born March 21, 1986) is a Venezuelan former right-handed professional baseball pitcher. He played with the Los Angeles Dodgers of Major League Baseball (MLB) in 2010.

## Career
### New York Yankees/Philadelphia Phillies

The New York Yankees signed Monasterios as a free agent in 2004. On July 30, 2006, the Yankees traded Montasterios, Matt Smith, and C. J. Henry for Bobby Abreu and Cory Lidle.
With the Clearwater Threshers in 2009 he was selected to the Florida State League mid-season All-Star team.

### Los Angeles Dodgers

Monasterios was selected by the New York Mets in the Rule 5 draft after the 2009 season and promptly traded to the Los Angeles Dodgers, who added him to their 25-man roster.
He made his Major League debut on April 5, 2010 against the Pittsburgh Pirates, working a scoreless inning of relief. His first career victory came in a 13 inning game against the Washington Nationals on April 24. His first Major League start was on May 1, 2010 against the Pittsburgh Pirates, allowing one run in four innings of work. He remained on the Dodgers major league roster all season, appearing in 32 games and making 13 starts. For the season, he pitched 88.1 innings with a record of 3-5, a 4.38 ERA and 52 strikeouts.
He was assigned to the AAA Albuquerque Isotopes to start the 2011 season. However, he only made one start for the Isotopes, pitching 4 innings and allowing 6 runs. He was placed on the disabled list after that start with elbow inflammation and on July 15, he underwent Tommy John surgery, shutting him down for the season. On November 18, 2011 he was outrighted to the minors and removed from the 40 man roster.
He encountered further arm problems when he reported for spring training in 2012 and had a surgery in March to relocate the ulnar nerve. The Dodgers released him on April 8.

### Attempted comeback

After missing most of 2011 and all of 2012 due to injuries, he returned in 2013 to play for the El Paso Diablos of the American Association of Independent Professional Baseball. In 2014, he was with the Guerreros de Oaxaca of the Mexican League.
# Barn Elms Rowing Club

Barn Elms Rowing Club is a rowing club in the east extreme of Barnes, London, close to Putney. The boathouse is located between Putney and Hammersmith Bridges, forming part of the larger Barn Elms Sports Centre. Opposite it on the river is Craven Cottage, the home of Fulham F.C. The boathouse is shared with Parr's Priory Rowing Club. Activities include beginner courses, juniors and a junior racing squad, adults beginner and intermediate courses, in addition to recreational participation.

## History

The origins of the club started with the construction of the London County Council boathouse in the winter of 1959/60 at the cost of £14,000. The facility was used by schoolchildren form London and the club became known as Barn Elms. In 1960, the club featured in the Associated Television programme 'Seeing Sport'. By 1968, the club had the use of an early rowing tank.
In 1991, the London Dragons' Dawn Raiders, which were part of the club had their first major success when winning the British Dragon Boat Racing Association's National Charity Championship.
In recent years the club has had success and won a gold medal at the 2023 British Rowing Junior Championships and 2024 British Rowing Championships, which included winning gold medals in the WJ16 single sculls.

## Honours
### British junior championships

| Year | Winning crew/s |
| 2023 | Women J16 1x |
| 2024 | Women J16 1x |
# Virginia Galante Garrone

Virginia Galante Garrone (20 January 1906 in Vercelli – 2 January 1998 in Turin) was an Italian writer. She was the recipient of the inaugural Rapallo Carige Prize for L'ora del tempo in 1985.
# Gregor Reisch

Gregor Reisch (c. 1467 – 9 May 1525) was a German Carthusian monk and humanist scholar. He is best known for his compilation Margarita Philosophica, one of the earliest printed encyclopedias of general knowledge.

## Life

Reisch was born at Balingen in Württemberg, about 1467. He became a student at the University of Freiburg in 1487 and received the degree of magister in 1489. He remained at the university as a teacher and became a Carthusian monk around 1500 but continued his teaching and scholarly work. From 1500 to 1502 he was prior at Kleinbasel and from 1503 to shortly before his death he was prior at Freiburg Charterhouse. In 1510, Reisch was appointed counselor and father confessor to Maximilian I. He was also a visitor (inspector) for the Rhenish province of his order and as such he made strenuous exertions to combat Lutheranism.
Reisch was a friend of the most celebrated humanists of the era. His notable students included Johann Eck and Martin Waldseemüller. Reisch had a reputation for adaptability, and was regarded as an "oracle". He was one of the most conspicuous of the intellectuals at the commencement of the new era who sought to prepare encyclopedic works of knowledge.

## Works

His chief work is the Margarita Philosophica (Philosophical Pearl), first published in 1503 and widely used as a general textbook in universities throughout western Europe. It is an encyclopedia of knowledge and contains in twelve books: Latin grammar, dialectics, rhetoric, arithmetic, music, geometry, astronomy, physics, natural history, physiology, psychology, and ethics. The usefulness of the work was increased by numerous woodcuts and a full index.
Like many textbooks of the time, the book was written as a dialogue between student and teacher. The book was very popular for its comparative brevity and form. It was long a standard textbook of the universities. Alexander von Humboldt said of it that it had "for a half-century, aided in a remarkable manner the spread of knowledge".
The first two editions were printed by Johann Schott from Strassburg. In 1508 Michael Furter and Johann Schott jointly published a third edition of the Margarita Philosophica. Some woodcuts in the book are assumed to be made by Urs Graf.
In 1510 Reisch also published the statutes and privileges of the Carthusian Order, and assisted Erasmus of Rotterdam in his edition of Jerome.
Reisch died at Freiburg, Baden, on 9 May 1525.
# Mykhaylo Khromey

Mykhaylo Ivanovych Khromey (Ukrainian: Михайло Іванович Хромей; born 19 November 2003) is a Ukrainian professional footballer who plays as a central midfielder for Shakhtar Donetsk.

## Career

Khromey is a product of Shakhtar Donetsk academy system. He made his professional debut for Mariupol in the Ukrainian Premier League as a substitute player in the away match against Lviv on 23 July 2021.
In August 2024, he went on loan to Ukrainian Premier League side FC Chornomorets Odesa, making his debut against FC Karpaty Lviv on 21 August. At the beginning of January 2025, Khromey left Chornomorets Odeas.
# Rümeysa Pelin Kaya

Rümeysa Pelin Kaya (born 6 August 2000) is a Turkish sport shooter competing in trap event.

## Sport career

Kaya obtained her license in 2014. She is a member of Kahramanmaraş Gençlik S.K. She competed at various domestic competitions.
In the Mixed team trap event of the 2022 ISSF World Cup, she shared the gold medal with Murat İlbilgi in Nicosia, Cyprus and the bronze medal with Tolga Tunçer in Baku, Azerbaijan. She took the bronze medal in the Mixed team event of the 2022 Grand Prix in Konya, Turkey. She took part at the 2022 Mediterranean Games in Oran, Algeria without any success. Although she became a victim of the 2023 Turkey earthquake, which devastated her hometown on 6 February, she took part at the 2023 ISSF World Cup in Doha, Qatar in 4–13 March. She and her teammate Tolga Tunçer placed fourth in the Mixed team event. She won the silver medal in the Team trap event at the 2023 European Games held in Wrocław, Poland, along with teammates Dilara Bedia Kızılsu and Safiye Sarıtürk Temizdemir.

## Personal life

Born on 6 August 2000, Rümeysa Pelin Kaya is a native of Kahramanmaraş, Turkey. She studied at the Faculty of Sport Science of Kahramanmaraş Sütçüimam University graduating in 2022.
# Constitution Week

Constitution Week is an American observance to commemorate the 1787 adoption of the United States Constitution. It runs annually from September 17 — proclaimed as Constitution Day and Citizenship Day in the United States — through September 23.

## History

Constitution Week was officially enacted on August 2, 1956, by President Dwight D. Eisenhower from a congressional resolution petitioned by the Daughters of the American Revolution.The tradition of issuing a Presidential Proclamation designating Constitution Week continues to this day.

## Purpose

The purpose of the observance week is to promote study and education about the United States Constitution which was originally adopted by the American Congress of the Confederation on September 17, 1787. Specifically, the Daughter's of the American Revolution state the purpose as:
* Emphasize citizens' responsibilities for protecting and defending the Constitution.
* Inform people that the Constitution is the basis for America's great heritage and the foundation for our way of life.
* Encourage the study of the historical events which led to the framing of the Constitution in September 1787.

## Observances

Many naturalization ceremonies are held during Constitution Week. In 2019, the USCIS held over 300 ceremonies in which over 30,000 people became U.S. citizens, during Constitution Week, extended by starting on September 13.
Members of the Daughters of the American Revolution observe Constitution Week by ringing bells at 4pm EST on Constitution Day (Sep 17th), obtaining proclamations from public officials, creating displays in schools, libraries, courthouses, and other public areas, distributing copies of the Constitution, Preamble to the Constitution, and other patriotic literature, and other efforts to educate their community about the Constitution. Georgia College & State University, a public liberal arts university in Milledgeville, Georgia, celebrates Constitution Week every year with multiple on-campus events, including a student debate, a concert featuring music from Presidential campaigns, a keynote, a panel discussing recent Supreme Court cases, and discussions.
# Current ratio

The current ratio is a liquidity ratio that measures whether a firm has enough resources to meet its short-term obligations. It is the ratio of a firm's current assets to its current liabilities, ⁠Current Assets/Current Liabilities⁠.
The current ratio is an indication of a firm's accounting liquidity. Acceptable current ratios vary across industries. Generally, high current ratio are regarded as better than low current ratios, as an indication of whether a company can pay a creditor back. However, if a company's current ratio is too high, it may indicate that the company is not efficiently using its current assets.
A current ratio of less than 1 indicates that the company may have problems meeting its short-term obligations. However, if inventory turns into cash much more rapidly than the accounts payable become due, then the firm's current ratio can comfortably remain less than one. Low current ratios can also be justified for businesses that can collect cash from customers long before they need to pay their suppliers.
To determine liquidity, the quick ratio is also used, which excludes current assets that may not be easily liquidated, like prepaid expenses and inventory.
# Actinobole uliginosum

Actinobole uliginosum, the flannel cudweed, is a species of dwarf annual herb in the family Asteraceae, which is endemic to Australia. It occurs in every state of mainland Australia.

## Habitat/ecology

Flannel cudweed is found on sandy, loamy and granitic soils in a variety of habitats throughout inland Australia.
# Marconi-RCA Bolinas Transmitting Station

The Marconi-RCA Bolinas Transmitting Station, on Mesa Road in Bolinas, Marin County, California, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2018.
The station was built in 1914 by Guglielmo Marconi (1874–1937) and taken over by RCA after World War I. It is one of six Point Reyes sites listed on the National Register in 2018. The station is recognized as a cultural landscape-type resource.
It was photographed by Jet Lowe and listed as "Marconi Radio Sites, Transmitting, Point Reyes Station, Marin County, CA," in the Historic American Engineering Record.
# Marenka House

The Marenka House is a historic house at 7300 Radcliffe Drive in College Park, Maryland. Built in 1958, it is a distinctive local example of Modern Movement architecture. It is a single-story brick structure in a basically rectangular form, with a broad low-pitch gabled roof. It has projecting gable sections to the north and south, and an integrated garage. The front projecting gable has floor-to-ceiling windows in its center, and a deep projecting eave. Although its architect is unknown, it is considered one of the area's finest Mid-Century Modern houses, an application of Frank Lloyd Wright's principles of organic architecture.
The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2017.
# Unadilla Forks, New York

Unadilla Forks is a hamlet (and census-designated place) in the Town of Plainfield in Otsego County, New York, United States, at the confluence of the two branches of the Unadilla River on the Otsego-Madison County border.
The Unadilla Forks School was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1998.
# Hongōdai Station

Hongōdai Station (本郷台駅, Hongōdai-eki) is a passenger railway station located in Sakae-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan, operated by the East Japan Railway Company (JR East).

## Lines

Hongōdai Station is served by the Negishi Line from Yokohama to Ōfuna in Kanagawa Prefecture. with through services inter-running to and from the Keihin-Tōhoku Line and also the Yokohama Line. It is 18.5 kilometers from the terminus of the Negishi line at Yokohama, and 77.6 kilometers from the northern terminus of the Keihin-Tōhoku Line at Ōmiya.

## Station layout

The station consists of one island platform serving two tracks. The platform is connected to the station building by an underpass. The station has a "Midori no Madoguchi" staffed ticket office.

### Platforms

| 1 | JK Negishi Line | for Ōfuna |
| 2 | JK Negishi Line-Keihin-Tohoku Line | for Yokohama, Tokyo, and Ōmiya |
| 2 | JH Yokohama Line | for Yokohama, Nagatsuta, Machida, and Hachiōji |

## History

Hongōdai Station opened on 9 April 1973. With the privatization of JNR on 1 April 1987, the station came under the control of JR East.

## Passenger statistics

In fiscal 2019, the station was used by an average of 18,564 passengers daily (boarding passengers only).
The passenger figures (boarding passengers only) for previous years are as shown below.
| Fiscal year | daily average |
| 2005 | 18,979 |
| 2010 | 19,167 |
| 2015 | 18,859 |

## Surrounding area

* Sakae Ward Office
* Sakae Library
* Yokohama Sakae Mutual Aid Hospital
* Kanagawa Prefectural Hakuyo High School
* Hongodai Ekimae housing complex
* Kanagawa Plaza For Global Citizenship (Earth Plaza)