OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Frederick Casimir Kettler

Frederick Casimir Kettler (German: Friedrich Casimir Kettler; 6 July 1650 – 22 January 1698) was Duke of Courland and Semigallia from 1682 to 1698. Frederick Casimir was the son of Jacob Kettler and Louise Charlotte of Brandenburg. In his reign the Duchy lost its geopolitical position and became Sweden, Prussia and Russia's territorial subject of interests.

## Biography

Frederick Casimir Kettler studied law in Germany and visited a number of European courts. In 1673 he was in the Dutch military service and took part with his Courland regiment in the Franco-Dutch War. On 5 October 1675, in The Hague, Frederick Casimir married princess Sophie Amalie of Nassau-Siegen and returned home. After his father died Frederick Casimir became the Duke of Courland and Semigallia and vigorously resorted to public affairs. In 1684 the duke's book printer George Radeckis in Jelgava became the first person to print books in the Latvian language. His efforts to restore the holdings were stopped by the power of Sweden, which at that time prevailed in northern Europe. However, Friedrich Casimir founded splendid court life according to the best Western models.
In 1688 Sophie Amalie died. In 1691 Frederick Casimir celebrated a large-scale wedding with Elisabeth Sophie of Brandenburg.
During the reign of Frederick Casimir, trade and industry of the duchy started to decay. In 1693 the Tobago colony was sold to England. In the spring of 1697, Friedrich Casimir received a grand delegation from Russia, including the new Tsar Peter I, on whom the Jelgava Palace and its court left a great impression. The duchy and Russia held diplomatic talks on mutual cooperation against the Swedes, but in the next winter of 1698, Frederick Casimir died at the age of 47. His minor son Frederick Wilhelm became the next duke.

## Issue

From 1st marriage:
* Frederick Kettler (3 April 1682 – 11 February 1683), Hereditary Prince of Courland.
* Marie Dorothea Kettler (2 August 1684 – 17 January 1743), married to Albert Frederick, Margrave of Brandenburg-Schwedt.
* Eleonore Charlotte Kettler (11 June 1686 – 28 July 1748), married to Ernest Ferdinand, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg in Bevern.
* Amalie Louise Kettler (Mitau, 23 July 1687 – Untere Schloss [de], Siegen, 18 January 1750), married at the Old Castle [de] in Bayreuth on 13 April 1708 to Fürst Frederick William Adolf of Nassau-Siegen (Nassauischer Hof [de], Siegen, 20 February 1680 – Nassauischer Hof, Siegen, 13 February 1722).
* Christina Sophia Kettler (15 November 1688 – 22 April 1694).
From 2nd marriage:
* Frederick William Kettler, Duke of Courland (19 July 1692 – 21 January 1711), married to Grand Duchess Anna Ioannovna of Russia.
* Leopold Charles Kettler (14 December 1693 – 21 July 1697).
# Erika Hansen

Erika Marie Hansen (born March 9, 1970) is an American former competition swimmer and Pan Pacific Championships champion who represented the United States at the 1988 Summer Olympics and 1992 Summer Olympics.

## Pan Pacifics

Hansen won a gold medal in the 400-meter individual medley at the 1985 Pan Pacific Swimming Championships. She also received a silver medal for her second-place finish in the 200-meter butterfly, and a bronze medal for her third-place performance in the 200-meter individual medley.

## College swimming

She first attended the University of Georgia, but transferred to the University of Texas and swam for the Texas Longhorns swimming and diving team.

## Olympics

At the 1988 Olympics in Seoul, South Korea, she competed in the B Final of the women's 400-meter individual medley and finished in eleventh place overall with a time of 4:51.03. Four years later at the 1992 Olympics in Barcelona, Spain, she swam in the event final of the women's 400-meter freestyle and finished in fourth place with a time of 4:11.50. Hansen advanced to the final of the women's 800-meter freestyle, and recorded a time of 8:39.25 in a seventh-place performance. She also competed in the B Final of the women's 400-meter individual medley and finished tenth overall with a time of 4:48.37.

## Coaching

Hansen has served as an assistant coach for the Florida Gators, USC Trojans, Maryland Terrapins, and UCLA Bruins women's swimming teams.
# Claude Riveline

Claude Riveline (16 September 1936 – 9 December 2024) was a French economist and academic.

## Life and career

Born in Paris on 16 September 1936, Riveline graduated from the École polytechnique in 1956 and from the Mines Paris – PSL in 1961. He taught at the latter for his entire career, leading courses in organizational management to the Corps des mines.
He was an Officer of the Legion of Honour, Commander of the National Order of Merit, Combatant’s Cross and Commander of the Order of the Academic Palms. He conducted a significant amount of research on economic theory. He believed that the "cost of "goods" was arbitrary, and that the determination of the price of goods was entirely man-made.
Riveline was also involved in the French Jewish intellectual community as an author and participant in multiple conferences. In 1967, he joined the preparatory committee of the Colloque des intellectuels juifs de langue française and joined conferences in which Emmanuel Levinas gave Talmudic lessons.
Riveline died on 9 December 2024, at the age of 88.

## Publications

* "L'argent suspect" (1988)
* "L'État en questions" (1989)
* "Le quant-à-soi aujourd'hui" (1991)
* Évaluation des coûts - éléments d'une théorie de la gestion (1995)
* Petit traité pour expliquer le judaïsme aux non-juifs (2000)
* Idées, tome I (2006)
# Bluebird Café

The Bluebird Café is a 90-seat cafe and music venue in Green Hills, Nashville, Tennessee. The cafe features acoustic music performances and receives over 70,000 visitors annually.

## History

Amy Kurland, a former waitress, opened the Bluebird Café on June 3, 1982, using an inheritance she received from her grandmother. Initially, it was intended to be just a cafe, but Kurland agreed to allow friends to provide live music. The cafe became a loud late-night location for Nashville musicians. After the cafe hosted a "writer's night" to benefit World Hunger Year, the event became a regular fixture at the cafe, giving local songwriters a chance to showcase their latest work acoustically.
In March 1983, future country star Kathy Mattea received a recording contract after playing at the cafe regularly for seven months.
In 1985, songwriters Don Schlitz, Fred Knobloch, Thom Schuyler, and Paul Overstreet formed a new setup in the cafe whereby four songwriters would play in the center of the cafe, facing each other.
After the female songwriters noted that most of the songwriters performing were men, in 1988, they launched "Women In The Round"; regular performers included Pam Tillis, Karen Staley, Ashley Cleveland, and Trisha Walker.
Also in 1988, Garth Brooks received a recording contract after a performance at the cafe; he had been turned down by the same label a week earlier.
The cafe is a central feature in the movie The Thing Called Love (1993), the last film of River Phoenix.
In 1999, Turner South aired a program called Live from the Bluebird Café, which built awareness for the cafe.
The Bluebird Café Scrapbook, written by Kurland, was published in 2002. It is a history of the club, its writers, events, and employees, as told by the writers, employees, and other witnesses.
In 2002, the cafe received an Academy of Country Music Award for Night Club of the Year.
In 2004, Scott Borchetta of Big Machine Records offered Taylor Swift, then 14 years old, a recording contract after seeing her perform at the cafe.
In 2008, Nashville Songwriters Association International acquired the cafe from Kurland, who remained as an advisor.
Bluebird, a documentary about the club, was released in November 2019.
In September 2023, a musical theatre inspired by the café, titled Bluebird, was announced, to be developed by Wayne Kirkpatrick and Don Chaffer.

## In popular culture

The cafe is featured in nearly every episode of the drama Nashville on American Broadcasting Company.
"Bluebird Cafe" is a track from John Waite's album When You Were Mine (1997).
The cafe is also referenced in "Somewhere North of Nashville" (2019) by Bruce Springsteen.
The cafe is referenced in the Foo Fighters song "Congregation", released in October 2014. On May 7, 2014, Foo Fighters frontman Dave Grohl performed an hour-long surprise solo acoustic set at the cafe.
# Backbarrow

Backbarrow is a village in the Lake District National Park in England. It lies on the River Leven about 5 miles (8 km) northeast of Ulverston in Furness in the county of Cumbria.

## History

Backbarrow probably grew during the Elizabethan period, due to the corn mills that were built along the river. Earlier mills at the site had been owned by Furness Abbey, which by this time had been dissolved. Development increased due to the iron furnace that was built in Backbarrow in 1711. The furnace has been described as the first efficient blast furnace. The cotton mills continued to grow in size during the Victorian period.
In 1868 an extension of the Furness Railway was built through the village to transport iron and products from the mills. Though the line was closed in the 1960s with the demise of the ironworks, the section from Haverthwaite to Lakeside, which passes through Backbarrow, remains open as a heritage railway (see Lakeside and Haverthwaite Railway).
Backbarrow was particularly associated with the production of the blue pigment ultramarine, or "dolly blue". The ultramarine factory was established in an old mill building by the Lancashire Ultramarine Company, then purchased by Reckitt & Sons in 1928. The 'blue mill' was well-known locally, as dust from its production gave a blue tint to most of the village. Production of this continued until 1981. The factory site, which was known locally as "the bluemills", now accommodates a popular hotel and two blocks of apartments. A display of machinery used in the old factory is maintained by the hotel's proprietors while the old furnace, believed to be the only remaining example of its type, has been declared a Scheduled Ancient Monument and preserved as part of the Ironworks Apartments development.
Backbarrow was hit by the nationwide floods of November 2009, as the River Leven overflowed causing severe damage to the bridge's walls and both parts of the Whitewater Hotel, as well as the Swan Hotel in Newby Bridge, 1.3 miles further up the river.
In 2010 the Lakeland Motor Museum relocated from Holker Hall to the former site of the Reckitt's Blue Dye Works carton packaging sheds in Backbarrow.

## Geography and environment

The growth of the National Park led to an increase in tourism in the region. In particular, Backbarrow has great views of the turbulent nature of the River Leven, just south of Windermere. The river has also been used to develop a small hydro-electric plant, installed in 2000, generating electricity for the National Grid.

## Notable people

* Wilfred Lancaster (1904 – 1987), professional association footballer
# Sri Lanka Railways S13

Sri Lanka Railways S13 is a class of Diesel-Electric Multiple Unit (DEMU) train set built for Sri Lanka Railways by the Integral Coach Factory, Chennai and imported through RITES, an Indian Railways PSU on a line of credit extended by the Indian Government in 2011.

## History

Sri Lanka Railways ordered 6 modern state-of-the-art DEMU train sets in 2017. The Class S13 possesses AC First, Second and Third Class accommodations. The first train set of the order arrived in Sri Lanka in December 2018.
Later in 2019, Sri Lanka Railways ordered another two fully Air-conditioned DEMU train sets designated as the Class S13A. Unlike the S13, the S13A has a Restaurant Car. The first train set of the Class S13A arrived Sri Lanka in November 2021.

## Formations

Formations :
| Sub Class | Formation | Total Car Number in Formation |
| S13 | DPC ‐ 5 TC - 2 DTC - 4 TC - DPC | 13 |
| S13 | DPC - 4 TC - DTC | 6 |
| S13 | DPC - 5 TC - DTC | 7 |
| S13 | DPC - 6 TC - DTC | 8 |
| S13A | DPC - 5 AFC - RCV - 5 AFC - DPC | 13 |
Key :
| Abbreviation | Explanation |
| DPC | Driving Power Car (It is a single-ended locomotive without passenger seating area) |
| DTC | Driving Trailer Car |
| TC | Trailer Coach (This could refer to any of the three classes of accommodation; the coach composition keeps changing according to demand) |
| AFC | Air-conditioned First Class |
| RCV | Restaurant cum Guard Coach |

## Operations

| Line | Service Name | Starting Station | Key Stations | Terminus Station | Notes |
| Northern Line | Uttara Devi | Colombo Fort | Anuradhpura Jaffna | Kankesanthurai | |
| Northern Line | KKS Intercity | Colombo Fort | Anuradhpura Jaffna | Kankesanthurai | |
| Northern Line | KKS Night Intercity | Colombo Fort | Anuradhpura Jaffna | Kankesanthurai | Operated only on Weekends |
| Northern Line | | Colombo Fort | Anuradhapura | Mannar | |
| Eastern Line | Pulathisi Intercity Express | Colombo Fort | Polonnaruwa | Batticaloa | |
| Eastern Line | | Colombo Fort | Gal Oya | Trincomalee | |
| Coastal Line | Galu Kumari | Maradana | Galle | Matara | |
| Coastal Line | Ruhunu Kumari | Maradana | Galle Matara | Beliatta | |
| Puttalam Line | | Colombo Fort | | Puttalam | |

## Seating gallery

* AC First Class (52 seats)
* Second Class (64 seats)
* Third Class (94 seats; 60 seats inside DTC)
# David C. C. Watson

David Charles Cuningham Watson, (20 February 1920 – 12 January 2004) was an English teacher, author and creationist, born in Bharatpur, India.

## Biography

Watson graduated from the University of Cambridge with First class honours in Classics, winning the Carus Greek Testament Prize in 1947. He was later a Senior Scholar at Trinity College.
He then served as a missionary in India, teaching at a Christian school near Madras (now Chennai). There he came into contact with Hannington Enoch, Professor of Zoology at Presidency College, whose articles Watson cited as influential on his own creationist efforts. In 1951 he was a founding member and the magazine editor of the Inter Collegiate Evangelical Union (ICEU) of Madras, which was one of a number of movements that later formed the Union of Evangelical Students of India.
In 1975 and 1976 he published The Great Brain Robbery and Myths and Miracles, which were later translated into other languages including German, Spanish and Finnish.
In 1976 Watson, who was a member of the Evolution Protest Movement, lost his job teaching religious education at a state school in the United Kingdom. Although creationists publicly reported that this dismissal was for refusing "to teach that Genesis is myth" and rallied to his support, they privately intimated opinions about his inability to control pupils classroom behaviour and failure to follow the prescribed syllabus. The Times Educational Supplement reported that students interrupted his class with shouts of "rubbish".
As of 1980 he was Director of the Institute for Creation Research's Midwest Center in Illinois, but in September of that year Walt Brown assumed that role. In 1997, the journal of another UK creationist group published an article that included Watson's views in a table comparing the opinions of "leading creationists".
He died in Worthing in 2004.

## Works
### Creationism

* The Great Brain Robbery: Creation or Evolution? (1975) 105pp. ISBN 978-0-85479-960-2 [Reprint (Dillon's book, 1989) 140pp. ISBN 978-0-9514538-0-3
* Myths and Miracles: A New Approach to Genesis 1–11 (1976) 120pp. ISBN 978-0-85479-601-4 [Reprint (Creation Science Foundation, 1991) ASIN B000WO6FOY].
* Ten articles in Origins, journal of the Biblical Creation Society (1989 to 1995)
In translation:
* Die grosse Gehirnwäsche: Schöpfung oder Evolution? (1977) Schulte, ISBN 3-87739-545-7.
* Weltschöpfung und Urgeschichte aus wissenschaftlicher Sicht (1987) Schulte, ISBN 3-87739-319-5.
* El gran fraude intelectual (1981) Clie, ISBN 84-7228-589-8.
* Mitos y milagros (1980) Clie, ISBN 84-7228-555-3.
* Elämän synty: sattumaa vai suunnittelua? (1979) Ristin voitto, ISBN 951-605-587-7.

### General evangelical theology

* Fact or Fantasy: Authenticity of the Gospels (1980) 142pp. ISBN 978-0-85479-022-7
* The End is Nigh (Creation Science Movement, Pamphlet 296, 1994)
* Gospel According to Matthew: Commentary (Welsh Riviera Press, 1996), ISBN 978-1-899654-26-0
# Claudia Kreuzig Grinnell

Claudia Kreuzig Grinnell is a German-American poet writing in English.

## Biography

Claudia Kreuzig Grinnell was born and raised in Germany. She now teaches at the University of Louisiana at Monroe. Her poems have appeared in publications such as The Kenyon Review, Exquisite Corpse, Hayden's Ferry Review, New Orleans Review, Review Americana, Triplopia, Logos, Minneota Review, Diner, Urban Spaghetti, Fine Madness, Greensboro Review and others. Her first full-length book of poetry, Conditions Horizontal, was published by Missing Consonant Press in the fall of 2001. Grinnell was the recipient of the 2000 Southern Women Writers Emerging Poets Award. In 2003, she was a finalist in the Ann Stanford Poetry Prize Competition, and in 2005, she received the Louisiana Division of the Arts Fellowship in poetry.
In 2006, she appeared, along with klipschutz (pen name of Kurt Lipschutz), Jon Cone and Albert Sgambati in the collectible handbound poetry volume All Roads...but This One, which appeared in an edition of 150 with 26 additional copies featuring individual collages by Colette Jappy.
# Redbourne

Redbourne is a village and civil parish in the North Lincolnshire district of Lincolnshire, England. The village is situated near the A15 road, and 5 miles (8 km) south from Brigg. According to the 2001 Census Redbourne had a population of 386, rising slightly to 400 at the 2011 census.
The name Redbourne is derived from the Old English Name "Hredburna" meaning "reedy burn", a reference to a stream running through the village.
The parish church of St Andrew was made redundant from the Church of England in 1978 and is now maintained by The Churches Conservation Trust. It is a Grade I listed building. Although the church has 14th- and 15th-century origins, the bulk of the existing building is 18th-century and represents a Georgian Gothic style, using a mixture of squared and coursed rubble limestone with ashlar dressings. Its square tower is approximately 90 feet (27 m) high. The alterations of 1772–4 in the gothic style were by the Lincoln architects Thomas and Henry Lumby and the chapel on the south side of the chancel served as a mausoleum for the family of the Dukes of St Albans.
The Red Lion Hotel coaching inn on the village green dates from the 17th century.
A conservation area was designated in August 1985 by the old Humberside County Council and covers the historic village core but excludes the more recent residential developments on the periphery.
# Jerry Yue

Jerry Yue (born December 14, 1992) is a Chinese-American inventor and entrepreneur. He is the founder and CEO of Brain Technologies.

## Early life and education

Yue was born in Xi’an, China, to a family of academics. His mother Haihong Huo is an English literature professor, and his father Kaiduan Yue is a physicist.
Yue moved to the United States for education, attending University School in Ohio, where he participated in the United States of America Mathematical Olympiad (USAMO). He later studied computer engineering at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign but left to pursue his entrepreneurial interests.

## Career
### Benlai Life Ltd.

In 2012, Yue co-founded Benlai Life Ltd., which grew into a significant online grocery delivery service in China.

### Brain Technologies, Inc.

Yue founded Brain Technologies in the United States, where he focused on developing AI interfaces. This included work on one-shot learning in natural language processing (NLP), which has implications for large language models (LLMs).
The company received investments from various investors. In 2020, they launched Natural AI, an AI interface.
In 2023, Brain Technologies introduced Imagica AI, a platform for AI application development.

### App-less AI Phone

At the Mobile World Congress 2024, Yue was involved in a collaboration with Deutsche Telekom and Qualcomm to create an AI phone that operates without traditional applications, using AI to generate interfaces and manage tasks through voice commands. This device uses AI to dynamically generate interfaces and perform tasks via voice commands, revolutionizing mobile interaction.

## Honors

In 2022, Jerry Yue was listed in Forbes' "30 under 30" for his contributions to technology.
# Hafez Ibrahim

Hafez Ibrahim (Arabic: حافظ إبراهيم, ALA-LC: Ḥāfiẓ Ibrāhīm; 1871–1932) was a well known Egyptian poet of the early 20th century. He was dubbed the "Poet of the Nile", and sometimes the "Poet of the People", for his political commitment to the poor. His poetry took on the concerns of the majority of ordinary Egyptians, including women’s rights, poverty, education, as well as his criticism of the British Empire and foreign occupation.
He was one of several Egyptian poets who revived Classical Arabic poetry during the latter half of the 19th century. While still using the classical Arabic system of meter and rhyme, these poets wrote to express new ideas and feelings unknown to the classical poets. Hafez is noted for writing poems on political and social commentar.

## Early life

Hafez was born in 1872 in Dayrut, in Egypt. His father was an Egyptian engineer and his mother was Turkish. After his father’s death, at the age of four, Hafez was sent to live with his maternal uncle in Tanta where he received his primary school education. He then moved to Cairo to live with his mother and an uncle, where he completed his secondary education. After his mother died, Hafez moved back to Tanta and worked alongside Egyptian Nationalist lawyer Mohamed Abou Shadi; here, he discovered numerous literary books and became familiar with prominent leaders of the Egyptian National Movement.

## Career

In 1888, Hafez attended the Military Academy and graduated three years later as a lieutenant. He was then appointed by the Ministry of Interior, and, in 1896, he was deployed to Sudan as part of Egypt’s Sudan campaign. There, Hafez and several of his colleagues were involved in a rebellion against the mistreatment of the Sudanese, whereupon Hafez was court-martial-ed and sent back to Egypt.
By 1911, Hafez was appointed the head of the literary section in the Dar al Kutub al Masriyah (the Egyptian National Library), and the Minister of Education bestowed upon him the title "Bey" which provided Hafez with financial stability. Thereafter, he began to devote more time to literature and poetry. Hafez joined a circle of neo-classical artists of modern Arab poetry, such as Ahmad Shawqi and Mahmoud Samy El Baroudy, in imitating the Arabic classical writing style of meter and rhyme.

### Works

Many poems were written by Hafez, for example:
* Albasūka al-dimāʾ fawq al-dimāʾ, ألبسوك الدماء فوق الدماء (They've dressed you in blood upon blood).
* Yā sayyidī wa imāmī, يا سيدي و إمامي (O master and imam).
* Shakartu jamīl ṣunʿikum, شكرت جميل صنعكم (I've thanked your favor).
* Maṣr tatakallam ʿan nafsihā, مصر تتكلم عن نفسها (Egypt talks about herself).
* Lī kasāʾ anʿam bihi min kasāʾ, لي كساء أنعم به من كساء (I've a dress, and what an excellent dress).
* Qul li-l-raʾīs adāma Allāh dawlatahu,قل للرئيس أدام الله دولته (Tell the President that God has extended the life of his state).
* Translation of Les Misérables by Victor Hugo, 1903

## Memorials

There is a statue of Hafez, sculpted by Faruq Ibrahim, on the Gezira Island.