OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Fern sports

Fern sports are plants that show marked change from the normal type or parent stock as a result of mutation. The term Morphotype is also used for any of a group of different types of individuals of the same species in a population. Fern fronds in sports are typically altered in several ways, such as the frond apex divided and pinnae similarly duplicated.

## Occurrence

Soft Shield Fern Polystichum setiferum, Lady Fern Athyrium filix-femina and Hart's Tongue Fern Asplenium scolopendrium are known to have around three hundred varieties or sports. Scaly Male Fern Dryopteris affinis and Male Fern Dryopteris filix-mas have a number of commercially available and naturally occurring sports or subspecies. Examples are D. affinis polydactyla Dadds, A. filix-femina plumosum, A. filix-femina corymbiferum, and D. filix-mas Barnesii

### Lady Fern (Athyrium filix-femina)

* Normal Lady Fern frond appearance.
* Lady Fern sport.
* Lady Fern pinna showing abnormal tips.
* Lady Fern sport showing lower surface with normal sori.
* A Knotting gall on Broad buckler fern.

## Characteristics

The frond of a sport may be branched at the tip and at the tips of the pinna, the colour may vary, and variegation may occur; fronds generally remain bilaterally symmetrical. Ferns sports remain normal in certain respects, such as viability with sori and indusia appearing normal. The frond stipe may be a different colour.

### Hart's Tongue fern (Asplenium scolopendrium)

* Normal frond.
* Underside of fern sport showing normal sori and indusia.
* Hart's Tongue sport with multiple frond-tip branches.

### Misidentification

Galls on ferns and other physical damage to fern fronds can be mistaken as sports, however this is usually asymmetric, ferns generally being bilaterally symmetrical. In Athyrium and Dryopteris species white maggots of Chirosia betuleti create mop-head galls on fern frond tips that look somewhat like fern sports, however this is physical damage and not a growth form.

## Rarity

Ferns sports particularly suffered during the Victorian-era Pteridomania ('Fern-Fever') craze, when over collecting of fern species included over collecting unusual fern varieties.
# Piguła

Piguła is a Polish surname, it is also the Polish augmentative for "pill". It may refer to:

## People

* Paweł Czekała, nicknamed "Piguła", founder of the Polish street punk band The Analogs
* Tadeusz Piguła, a Polish fencer
# Yerndambool, New South Wales

Yerndamboo, New South Wales in Central Darling Shire is a remote rural locality and civil parish of Yungnulgra County in far North West New South Wales.
The Parish has an arid landscape and the nearest town is Whitecliffs. The parish has extremely hot summers and mild winters. Summers would usually exceed 36 °C. Winters are usually around 17 °C. The annual average rainfall is about 249.7 millimetres (9.8 in) which would make it a semi-arid climate except that its high evapotranspiration, or its aridity, makes it a desert climate. The parish has a Köppen climate classification of BWh (Hot desert),. is almost unpopulated, with less than two inhabitants per square kilometer.
# The Throne of the Third Heaven of the Nations' Millennium General Assembly (album)

The Throne of the Third Heaven of the Nations' Millennium General Assembly is the debut album by indie band Le Loup. It was released on September 11, 2007. It is named after the eponymous artwork by outsider artist James Hampton.

## Reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| musicOMH.com | |
| Pitchfork Media | (7.3/10) |
| Twisted Ear | |

## Track listing

All songs composed by Sam Simkoff except as noted.
* "Canto I" (Bryan Oemler, Simkoff) – 2:38
* "Planes Like Vultures." – 3:04
* "Outside of This Car, the End of the World!" – 2:54
* "To the Stars! To the Night!" – 3:14
* "(storm)" (Christian Ervin) – 2:13
* "We Are Gods! We Are Wolves!" – 3:17
* "Breathing Rapture" – 2:54
* "Look to the West." – 2:51
* "(howl)" (Ervin, Simkoff) – 1:01
* "Le Loup (Fear Not)" – 4:14
* "Canto XXXVI" (Ervin, Simkoff) – 3:47
* "I Had a Dream I Died." (Ervin, Simkoff) – 7:20

## Personnel

* Sam Simkoff – keyboard, banjo
* Christian Ervin – computer
* Michael Ferguson – guitar
* Robert Sahm – drums
* Jim Thomson – guitar
# Beth Israel Synagogue (New Haven, Connecticut)

Congregation Beth Israel, also known as the Orchard Street Shul, is an Orthodox Jewish congregation and synagogue, located at 232 Orchard Street in New Haven, Connecticut, in the United States. The synagogue building is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

## History

The congregation was founded in 1913 by an Orthodox congregation that was formed by Jewish families who had prospered sufficiently to move beyond the neighborhood of first immigrant settlement around Oak and Lafayette Streets to the area of upper Oak Street (renamed Legion Avenue in 1928) and Winthrop Avenue. First meeting in leased space, in 1915 the congregation moved into a remodeled house at 147 Orchard Street. In 1923 they purchased a lot at 232 Orchard Street for $12,000 (today $215,000) and built the present Colonial revival style building in 1925. The architect was Louis Abramowitz and the builder was C. Abbadessa.
By the late twentieth century, the membership was elderly, the Jewish population of the city had moved elsewhere, and the future of the synagogue was in doubt. Efforts to preserve the synagogue were organized by the Cultural Heritage Artists Project and the synagogue returned to regular weekly use during 2011 under the leadership of Rabbi Mendy Hecht. Hecht is the grandson of Rabbi Maurice I. Hecht, rabbi at the shul for 45 years; and the son of Rabbi Sheya Hecht, who had also served in the pulpit.
The synagogue was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1995.

## Current services

The historic restoration of the Orchard Street Shul took place during 2012. Traditional Shabbat services are held every Saturday morning at 9:30 AM as well as on all Jewish holidays, with no tickets or membership required to attend High Holiday services.
# HEPPS (buffer)

HEPPS (EPPS) is a buffering agent used in biology and biochemistry. The pKa of HEPPS is 8.00. It is ones of Good's buffers.
Research on mice with Alzheimer's disease-like amyloid beta plaques has shown that HEPPS can cause the plaques to break up, reversing some of the symptoms in the mice. HEPPS was reported to dissociate amyloid beta oligomers in patients' plasma samples enabling blood diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease.
# Doug Sutherland (American football)

Douglas A. Sutherland (August 1, 1948 – April 5, 2022) was an American professional football player who was a defensive tackle in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football at the University of Wisconsin–Superior in his hometown of Superior, Wisconsin. He was selected in the 1970 NFL draft with the New Orleans Saints and then became a part of the famous Purple People Eaters for the Minnesota Vikings from 1971 through 1980, primarily filling in for Gary Larsen in 1975. He played in Super Bowls VIII, IX and XI. He finished his NFL career in 1981 with the Seattle Seahawks.

## Honours

* National Football League (with Minnesota Vikings)
** Runners-up (3): 1973, 1974, 1976
# Edan Everly

Edan Donald Everly (born August 25, 1968) is an American musician and singer-songwriter.

## Early life

Everly is the son of Don Everly and nephew to Phil Everly
of the Everly Brothers.
His mother is actress Venetia Stevenson. His siblings are sisters Stacy Everly and Erin Everly; he has a half sister, Venetia Everly. His maternal grandparents were the director Robert Stevenson and actress Anna Lee. His paternal grandparents were Ike and Margaret Everly.
Edan Everly is the father of one child, a daughter named Lily Edan Everly.

## Career

In 1992, Everly and his band called "Edan" released an album on Hollywood Records titled Dead Flowers. In September 2006, Everly self-released his first solo album, For the Insanity of It All. His second album, Songs from Bikini Atoll, was released in November 2011.
# Pigwalk

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
Pigwalk is the second full-length studio album by rap metal group Stuck Mojo. This album is considered to be a milestone in the rap metal genre. Stuck Mojo performed "(Here Comes) The Monster" and "Mental Meltdown" on MTV's 1996 Headbangers Ball. A music video for "Pigwalk" was also made. Despite this, the album found little mainstream success, much like the previous album, Snappin Necks. In 2006, the album was reissued, adding almost the entire Violated EP (minus the live version of "F.O.D."), the demo "Hate Must Be A Gift", and two covers of Iron Maiden's "Wrathchild" and Mötley Crüe's "Shout at the Devil" (all three of which were previously released on the Violate This compilation).

## Track listing

All songs written by Bonz and Rich Ward, except where noted.
* "Pigwalk" 3:44
* "Mental Meltdown" 4:46
* "(Here Comes) The Monster" (Bonz, Ward, Bud Fontsere, Corey Lowery) 3:39
* "Twisted" (Bonz, Ward, Dwayne Fowler) 3:39
* "The Sermon" (Fontsere) 1:43
* "Despise" (Bonz, Lowery) 3:12
* "Animal" 3:48
* "Only the Strong Survive" 4:54
* "Violated" 3:24
* "Inside My Head" (Devin Townsend, Ward) 4:12
* "Down Breeding" 3:58
* "F.O.D." 4:12 (live, bonus track)
* "(Here Comes) The Monster" 3:51 (live, bonus track)
# Clear cell sarcoma

Clear cell sarcoma is a sub-type of a rare form of cancer called a sarcoma. It is known to occur mainly in the soft tissues and dermis. Rare forms were thought to occur in the gastrointestinal tract before they were discovered to be different and redesignated as gastrointestinal neuroectodermal tumors.
Recurrence is common.
Clear cell sarcoma's neoplastic cells express the EWSR1-ATF1 fusion gene in a majority of cases or a EWSR1-CREB1, EWSR1-CREM, or EWSR1-DDIT3 fusion gene in a small subset of cases (see FET gene family of fusion genes).
Clear cell sarcoma of the soft tissues in adults is not related to the pediatric tumor known as clear cell sarcoma of the kidney.

## Signs and symptoms

It presents as a slow growing mass that especially affects tendons and aponeuroses and it is deeply situated. Patients often perceive it as a lump or hard mass. It causes either pain or tenderness but only until it becomes large enough. This kind of tumor is commonly found in the extremities, especially around the knee, feet and ankle. Patients diagnosed with clear cell sarcoma are usually between the ages of 20 and 40.

## Pathology

Despite the name clear cell sarcoma, the tumor cells do not necessarily need to have clear cytoplasm. The lesion has a distinctly nested growth pattern with a mixture of spindle, epithelioid and tumor giant cells. Approximately two thirds of the tumors contain melanin pigment. Clear cell sarcoma, similar to melanoma, has consistent positivity for S-100, HMB-45, and MITF.

## Diagnosis

Imaging studies such as X-rays, computed tomography (CT) scans, or MRI may be required to diagnose clear-cell sarcoma together with a physical exam. Normally a biopsy is also necessary. Furthermore, a chest CT, a bone scan, and positron emission tomography (PET) may be part of the tests in order to evaluate areas where metastases occur.

## Treatment

Treatment depends upon the site and the extent of the disease. Clear cell sarcoma is usually treated with surgery in the first place in order to remove the tumor. The surgical procedure is then followed by radiation and sometimes chemotherapy. Few cases of clear cell sarcoma respond to chemotherapy. Several types of targeted therapy that may be of benefit to people with clear cell sarcoma are currently under investigation.

## Prognosis

When the tumor is large and there is presence of necrosis and local recurrence, the prognosis is poor. Presence of metastasis occurs in more than 50% cases and the common places of its occurrence are the bone, lymph node and lungs. Five-year survival rates, which are reported to be between 50 and 65%, can be misleading because the disease is prone to late metastasis or recurrence. Ten and twenty-year survival rates are 33% and 10%, respectively.
# Saraykent

Saraykent is a town in Yozgat Province in the Central Anatolia region of Turkey. The former name of the town is Karamağara. It is the seat of Saraykent District. Its population is 5,687 (2022). Its elevation is 1,149 m (3,770 ft).
# William Scoresby Archipelago

William Scoresby Archipelago is a group of islands which extends northward from the coast just east of William Scoresby Bay, Antarctica. The more important islands in the group are Bertha, Islay, Couling, and the Sheehan Islands. Most of the islands and features in this archipelago were discovered in February 1936 by Discovery Investigations (DI) personnel on the RSS William Scoresby. They named the group after their ship.

## Islands and features

The northernmost island of any note is Farrington Island. 3 kilometres (1.5 nmi) east is a group of small islands called the Klakkane Islands. The Klakkanes were charted and named klakkane (the lumps) by Norwegian cartographers from aerial photographs taken by the Lars Christensen Expedition (LCE) in January 1937. 7 kilometres (4 nmi) south-southeast of Farrington is Couling Island, which is 1.9 kilometres (1 nmi) long. The next significant island is Islay, which is 3.7 kilometres (2 nmi) long and sits 2 kilometres (1 nmi) south of Couling and 2.8 kilometres (1.5 nmi) north of Bertha Island. DI personnel probably named it after Islay, an island in the Hebrides archipelago in Scotland. McDonald Point marks the western end of Islay.
At the southeast side of Islay is a small group called the Sheehan Islands. These were first discovered on February 18, 1931, by the British Australian New Zealand Antarctic Research Expedition (BANZARE) under Douglas Mawson. Believing the islands were a set of inland nunataks, he named one of the group Sheehan Nunatak after Sir Harry Sheehan, and BANZARE erroneously charted Sheehan Nunatak as lying behind the coastline. On February 27, 1936, DI personnel discovered the features were actually islands. The islands were more fully mapped by Norwegian cartographers from aerial photographs taken by the LCE in January and February 1937.
Macfie Sound separates Islay from Bertha Island. The sound extends in an east–west direction, and is 1 nautical mile (2 km) wide at its narrowest point. It was named for Lieutenant A.F. Macfie, a chart-maker for DI. Hum Island is a small island in the sound between Islay and Bertha. Bertha Island is 4.6 kilometres (2.5 nmi) long, and lies 1.9 kilometres (1 nmi) south of Islay at the east side of William Scoresby Bay. Warren Island is a small island in William Scoresby Bay, close south of the west end of Bertha Island. Point Appleby marks the western coast of an unnamed island .8 nmi (1.5 km; 0.92 mi) south of Warren. It was charted and named by DI personnel as a point on the eastern shore of the bay, but air photos from the LCE indicated that it was actually a point on a small island near the bay shore.

## Nearby islands

The Warnock Islands are a separate group to the north of the William Scoresby Archipelago. Dales Island is farther north than them.
# Beth Israel Synagogue (Cambridge, Massachusetts)

Beth Israel Synagogue is a historic former Jewish synagogue building at 238 Columbia Street in Cambridge, Middlesex County, Massachusetts, in the United States. Built in 1903, it was the first and principal synagogue to serve the East Cambridge area, and is a fine local example of Romanesque Revival architecture. Now converted into residential condominiums, it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.

## Description

The former Beth Israel Synagogue stands in The Port neighborhood of eastern Cambridge, on the east side of Columbia Street, between Hampshire and Market Streets. It is a two-story brick building with a gabled roof and flanking square towers. Its Romanesque Revival styling includes bands of narrow round-arch windows and a large Syrian arch sheltering the main entrance. Brick corbelling adorns the eaves of the pyramidal tower roofs, and is featured in multiple bands at the base of the front gable. The building was designed by Nathan Douglass and completed in 1903.

## History

The known history of Jewish worship in East Cambridge begins in 1898, with the founding of the Sephardic Congregation Anshai Sfard. It originally met in private residences. Congregation Beth Israel was founded in 1900, and construction was begun on this building in 1901. In 1906 the congregation divided over doctrinal differences, resulting in the founding of Congregation Agudath Ashkenazim. Congregation Anshai Sfard merged with Beth Israel in 1957. In 1962 Beth Israel and Agudath Ashkenazim merged to form Temple Beth Shalom of Cambridge, and the new congregation chose to use the Temple Ashkenaz building on Tremont Street in Cambridge, now widely known as the Tremont Street Shul.
By 1982, the Beth Israel building, no longer used as a synagogue, was taken over by the Cambridge Redevelopment Authority, and was added to the National Register of Historic Places. The former synagogue building currently houses condominium units.

## Gallery

* Erected 1901
* Congregation Beth Israel
# Sam Adams Alliance

Sam Adams Alliance (SAM) was a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization based in Chicago, Illinois. It was founded in 2006 and disbanded in 2012. The president was Eric O'Keefe.
SAM launched three wiki-style websites: Judgepedia, Ballotpedia, and Sunshine Review. SAM also helped launch American Majority and the Franklin Center for Government and Public Integrity.

## Activities
### The Sammies

Begun in 2007, the Sammies was an annual national awards program designed to recognize "outstanding citizen leadership and creativity." John Stossel of FOX Business was the keynote speaker at the 2011 Sammies ceremony.

### Market research

In March 2010, Sam Adams Alliance released the first of a series of "Activist Insights Reports" titled "Early Adopters: Reading the Tea Leaves," a study of leaders in the Tea Party movement. The study surveyed 50 active leaders in the movement on their motivations for becoming involved. It found that about half of Tea Party movement activists had never before been involved in politics, and that many became involved out of fear of passing on larger government and insurmountable debt to their children and grandchildren.
In August 2010, a follow-up report exploring the Tea Party movement was released titled "Next Wave: A Surf Report."
In September 2010, Sam Adams Alliance released their first "Market Insights Report" titled "Surface Tension: Tea Parties and the Political Establishment."

### Health Administration Bureau

On July 16, 2009, Sam Adams Alliance released a YouTube video named "Health Rations And You." Michelle Malkin featured the project on her site.

### Chicago Tea Parties

In February 2009, a blog posting on the Playboy website suggested that Sam Adams Alliance was involved in Rick Santelli's call for a "Chicago Tea Party." The article pointed out that the ChicagoTeaParty.com domain name where Santelli's rant was posted hours after it aired was actually purchased in August 2008 - five months before President Obama began his term. The Playboy blog making this allegation was removed without explanation within two days of its publication.
# Close the Last Door

Close the Last Door (Japanese: 最後のドアを閉めろ!, Hepburn: Saigo no Door wo Shimero!) is a yaoi manga series written by Yugi Yamada. It has been adapted into an OVA directed by Tama. It is licensed in North America by Digital Manga Publishing, which published the first volume in 2006.

## Plot

After being best man at his best friend's (Saitou Toshihisa) wedding, Nagai Atsushi realizes that he might never be with the man he loves, Saitou. Nagai, drowning in his sorrows and hatred for the new bride then meets Honda Kenzou, another guest at the wedding, a friend of the bride's. Honda took care of Nagai when he was dead drunk and now Nagai thinks he may have feelings for both men. Things start to get complicated when Saitou's bride runs off with another man and Saitou starts hitting on Nagai.

## Voice Actors

* Nagai Atsushi voiced by Kenichi Suzumura
* Saitou Toshihisa voiced by Kouichi Toochika
* Honda Kenzou voiced by Toshiyuki Morikawa

## Staff

* Director: Tama
* Storyboard: Tama
* Original Creator: Yugi Yamada
* Character design: Takepon
* Animation director: Takepon
* Sound Director: Tomohiro Yoshida

## Reception

Ed Chavez, writing for Mania Entertainment, described Yamada's character designs for her salarymen characters as being differentiated through "unique expressions and body language".
# Edgar Dring

Edgar Percy Dring (18 March 1896 – 17 December 1955) was an Australian politician. He was a member of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly from 1941 until his death in 1955. He was a member of the Labor Party (ALP).
Dring was born in Gol Gol, New South Wales. He was the son of a farmer and was educated at Gol Gol Public School and Hereford House teacher training school in Sydney. He taught in several high schools in Sydney and rural New South Wales and was elected as a councillor on Parkes Shire Council from 1947 to 1953. After losing at the 1938 election, Dring was elected to the New South Wales Parliament at the subsequent election as the Labor Party member for Ashburnham. He defeated the incumbent Country Party member Hilton Elliott. He retained the seat at the next 2 elections but the electorate was abolished by a re-distribution prior to the 1950 election. He stood for the urban seat of Auburn and defeated the Lang Labor incumbent Chris Lang, the son of party founder Jack Lang. He retained the seat until his death in 1955. Following his death, the seat became vacant for 4 months prior to the following 1956 election. He did not hold ministerial or parliamentary office but was the secretary of the parliamentary Labor Party caucus from 1947 until 1953.
# Timan-Pechora Basin

The Timan-Pechora Basin is a sedimentary basin located between Timan Ridge and the Ural Mountains in northern Russia. The basin contains oil and gas fields.

## Oil and gas extraction

A planned project to mine its oil and gas was conceived in the mid-1990s and approved by United States and Russian Governments. As of September 29, 2004, Conoco and LUKoil planned to jointly develop this Basin.
| 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | Reference |
| 11.732 | 12.476 | 13.601 | 14.576 | 16.685 | 21.662 | 21.175 | 17.547 | |
Since 2004 the production increased and the importance for LUKoil increased. However, the production began to decline in 2010. Large investments are needed to increase production rates or at least to maintain production at levels over 17 million tons annually.
Oil extraction has produced limited environmental damage. In particular it has caused eutrophication and organic contamination of waters as interpreted from low diatom diversity and absence of pollution sensitive diatoms among other things. Possibly oil extraction is also behind lower avian diversity at some locations as transport activity might have disturbed wildlife. Despite this much of the Pechora region can be described as "semi-pristine" from an ecological point of view.
In a 2018 assessment, the United States Geological Survey estimated for undiscovered, technically recoverable continuous resources, the mean totals for the region are 1,425 million barrels of shale oil, or 1.4 billion barrels of oil; 45,721 billion cubic feet, or 46 trillion cubic feet of gas; and 737 million barrels of natural gas liquids.