OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Sweet Venus

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Tomatrax | 4.5 tomatoes link |
Sweet Venus is the Primitive Radio Gods' fourth album, released independently through their official site as a full-album download on May 4, 2006. Sweet Venus continues the shoegaze-influenced alternative rock the band started with their previous effort, Still Electric.
The name was inspired by Homer Simpson's gurgling utterance as he peeled a gummy off the babysitter's backside.
The song "Things You Can Drive" was #1 in the Tomatrax Top 100 of 2006.

## Track listing

* "Planet 10" (3:14)
* "Things You Can Drive" (3:13)
* "Post Telecom Daydream" (2:38)
* "Station to Life" (3:54)
* "Inside" (3:34)
* "Automatic" (4:34)
* "Smoke to the Boss" (2:49)
* "Empty Bars Protect Us" (2:48)
* "Stars Align" (3:34)

### 2016 Edition

In 2016, the track listing was changed. ("Sighs and Light" is a reworking of "Inside".)
* "Planet 10" (3:14)
* "Smoke to the Boss" (2:49)
* "Post Telecom Daydream" (2:38)
* "Sighs and Light" (3:34)
* "Things You Can Drive" (3:13)
* "Stars Align" (3:34)
* "Automatic" (4:34)
* "Station to Life" (3:54)
* "Empty Bars Protect Us" (2:48)
# Charterius

Charterius (Chartier) was a 6th-century bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Périgueux.
He is mentioned once in the History of the Franks by Gregory of Tours. Gregory wrote that Nunnichius, Count of Limoges had seized two men who were carrying letters purportedly written by Charterius criticizing and insulting King Chilperic I. Chilperic ordered for Charterius to appear before him. After meeting the king, Charterius accused his deacon of having written the letters in order to harm him. The deacon was then brought in to be questioned and the deacon confessed to having written the letters, but claimed that he had done so with the bishop's command. The bishop accused the deacon of lying. The king then decided to let them both go free.
In 585, he attended the second synod of Macon.
# The Common Good (political party)

   For me, participating in the political process isn't about winning, it's about the excitement of having taken part and about getting my ideas across to the public
Dick Rodgers, 2005
The Common Good is a small Christian political party in the United Kingdom. Founded and led by Richard (Dick) Rodgers, a clergyman and orthopaedic registrar living in Northfield, Birmingham, the party's principles are based on his Christian faith.
Rodgers has competed in several elections for Common Good, including various parliamentary by-elections. In all cases Common Good have lost their deposit. No one else has been an election candidate for the party.
In 2016, the party campaigned for the United Kingdom to remain in the European Union during the referendum.

## Electoral history

Parliamentary election
| Election | Constituency | Candidate | Votes | % |
| 2004 Hartlepool by-election | Hartlepool | Richard Rodgers | 91 | 0.3 |
| 2005 general election | Birmingham Northfield | Richard Rodgers | 428 | 1.4 |
| 2006 Dunfermline and West Fife by-election | Dunfermline and West Fife | Richard Rodgers | 103 | 0.3 |
| 2008 Henley by-election | Henley | Richard Rodgers | 121 | 0.3 |
| 2010 general election | Birmingham Northfield | Richard Rodgers | 305 | 0.7 |
| 2014 Newark by-election | Newark | Richard Rodgers | 64 | 0.2 |
| 2017 general election | Birmingham Edgbaston | Richard Rodgers | 155 | 0.4 |
| 2019 Peterborough by-election | Peterborough | Richard Rodgers | 60 | 0.2 |
| 2024 general election | Birmingham Northfield | Richard Rodgers | 215 | 0.6 |
Rodgers has appeared on ballot papers variously as "Richard Rodgers", "Rev Dick Rodgers" and "Dick Rodgers".
European Parliament elections
| Election | Constituency | Votes | % |
| 2004 European election | West Midlands | 8,650 | 0.6 |
Local elections
| Election | Ward | Votes | % |
| 2007 Birmingham City Council election | Weoley | 198 | 3.3 |
# Chawmos

Chawmos (cawmōs, ghona chawmos yat, Khowar "chitrimas" from cāturmāsyá, CDIAL 4742) is a festival of the Kalash people of Pakistan. It is also sometimes spelled chaumos. It is celebrated for two weeks at winter solstice (Dec. 7-22), at the beginning of the month chawmos mastruk in two weeks.
Chawmos is celebrated without musical instruments in the Rumbur and Bumborate villages but with instruments in Birir village. Chawmos comes after the Kalash finish their fieldwork and store their cheese, fruit, vegetables and grains for the year.

## Rituals

The first week of Chawmos (7-14 December) is for the Kalash people only. Kalash girls select their bridegrooms after some rituals. The entire population remains indoors. It is celebrated by feasting until the elders, who sit on a hilltop, watching the sun reaching the orbit, declare the advent of the New Year. Children go up to the mountain, where they divide into boys and girls, and respectively make a big bonfire.
In the second week of Chawmos (15-22 December), the people thank their god with dance and music. This part of festival is public. It involves much music and dancing, and the sacrifice of many goats. It is dedicated to the god Balimain who is believed to visit from the mythical homeland of the Kalash, Tsyam (Tsiyam, tsíam), for the duration of the feast. Food sacrifices are offered at the clans' Jeshtak shrines, dedicated to the ancestors.
At Chawmos, impure and uninitiated persons are not admitted; they must be purified by a waving a fire brand over women and children and by a special fire ritual for men, involving a shaman waving juniper brands over the men. The 'old rules' of the gods (Devalog, dewalōk) are no longer in force, as is typical for year-end and carnival-like rituals.
'The main Chawmos ritual takes place at a Tok tree, a place called Indra's place, "indrunkot", or "indréyin". Indrunkot is sometimes believed to belong to Balumain's brother, In(dr), lord of cattle. Ancestors, impersonated by young boys (ōnjeṣṭa 'pure') are worshipped and offered bread; they hold on to each other and form a chain (cf. the Vedic anvārambhaṇa) and snake through the village.
The men must be divided into two parties: the pure ones have to sing the well-honored songs of the past, but the impure sing wild, passionate, and obscene songs, with an altogether different rhythm. This is accompanied by a 'sex change': men dress as women, women as men (Balumain also is partly seen as female and can change between both forms at will).
During the Chawmos prayers, a procession goes to a high plateau outside the village in Balangkuru where a long night of dancing begins. The festivals continue for many more days, moving on to different locations within the valleys. It is the most exciting among all the festivals. Girls dance in cold weather and snowfall and boys play various winter games in the festival. Tourists rarely visit the festival due to blockage of roads and heavy snowfall.
# The Comical Revenge

The Comical Revenge; Or, Love In A Tub is a 1664 comedy play by the English writer George Etherege. First staged by the Duke's Company, it premiered at the Lincoln's Inn Fields Theatre. It is one of the earliest Restoration Comedies. The play holds importance for the literary historian for Etherege's employment of two separate language styles. The style employed in the verbal sparring between Sir Frederick and the Widow would set the standard for the language of the Restoration comedy. The subtitle refers to the comical subplot which deals with the locking up of Dufoy, servant of Sir Frederick, in a tub by the chambermaids Betty and Lettice.
The original cast included Thomas Betterton as Lord Beauford, Henry Harris as Sir Frederick Frollick, William Smith as Colonel Bruce, Henry Norris as Lovis, James Nokes as Sir Nicholas Cully, Cave Underhill as Palmer, Samuel Sandford as Wheadle, Mary Betterton as Graciana, Moll Davis as Aurelia and Jane Long as Widow.
# The Constant One

The Constant One is the second studio album by Long Island, New York punk rock band Iron Chic. This album marks the band's first release on Bridge 9 Records. The band recorded the album in guitarist Phil Douglas' Hobo House studio.

## Background

After 3 years of on and off touring in support of Not Like This and releasing the Split 'N Shit and Spooky Action EP's (the title track off the latter was re-recorded for The Constant One), Bridge Nine Records expressed interest in signing the band in which the band decided to officially start writing their follow up. The album is notable in being more optimistic in tone than its predecessor while also featuring slower and mid tempo songs such as the aforementioned "Spooky Action (At A Distance)" and the introspective "(Castle) Numbskull" as well as more observational and personal lyrics. Lubrano explained "This record is a lot more about people's relationships with each other on a personal level. I don't know the word I'm looking for. It was more about the way people relate to each other, rather than my personal past life experiences, or something like that....I guess there were a lot of little things that I wanted to touch upon for my own edification." The band wrote and recorded the album over a span of a year and a half at Douglas' Hobo House and officially released it on November 5, 2013. The album title is a reference to the Hellblazer comic books by Peter Milligan.

## Reception

The album was well received upon release. Pitchfork awarded the band a 7.9 out of 10, stating "The Constant One is a rare time where you can say “it leaves nothing to the imagination” as a compliment. Or, to frame it another way, Iron Chic are holding nothing back and do their damnedest to make you feel less alone if you happen to be in the parts of the country they haven't reached yet." Punknews.Org gave the band 4 out of 5 stars while explaining that "Despite the litany of causal advice, a singular message echoes throughout: you are not alone. The Constant One, as a sentiment, is a statement on the cyclical nature of our humanity; as a commentary, it attempts to diffuse the fears and anxieties, the failures and disappointments that perpetually threaten to debilitate us. And the conclusion: it's all bullshit. The human condition is greater than the sum of its experiences. As Lubrano reminds us, "We're here alive/ there's still time to fuck up now." I don't know a more life affirming, reckless and comforting disposition." The album holds a 4.12 out of 5 rating on Rate Your Music.

## Track listing

All music written by Iron Chic.

## Personnel

* Jason Lubrano - Vocals
* Phil Douglas- Guitars, Vocals, Production
* Rob McAllister - Guitar
* Mike Bruno- Bass
* Gordon Lafler- Drums
# Chemical chameleon

The chemical chameleon is a redox reaction, well known from classroom demonstrations, that exploits the dramatic color changes associated with the various oxidation states of manganese.
Glauber reported the first description of the production of potassium permanganate when he noted that manganese dioxide (as the mineral pyrolusite) could be reacted at high temperatures with alkali to obtain a material that dissolved in water to give a green solution which slowly shifted to a violet-red. This process, similar to that still used in the production of potassium permanganate, oxidized manganese dioxide to potassium manganate which, acidified by carbon dioxide absorbed from the air, oxidized further to purple potassium permanganate.
The chemical chameleon reaction shows the process in reverse, by reducing violet potassium permanganate first to green potassium manganate and eventually to brown manganese dioxide:
    KMnO$_4$ (violet) → K$_2$MnO$_4$ (green) → MnO$_2$ (brown/yellow suspension)
Blue potassium hypomanganate may also form as an intermediate.
Oxidation states of manganese :
| +7 | KMnO $_4$ (violet) |
| +6 | K $_2$MnO $_4$ (green) |
| +5 | K $_3$MnO $_4$ (blue) |
| +4 | MnO $_2$ (yellow) |
The reaction proceeds in alkaline conditions under the influence of a reducing agent. Sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, and ammonium hydroxide can be used to alkalize the permanganate solution, while a variety of reducing agents can be used, sugars being common.
A similar demonstration involves soaking paper in alkalized permanganate solution, which produces the same color changes as the paper is oxidized and the permanganate reduced.
# The Chalet

The Chalet may refer to:
* The Chalet, Hunters Hill, heritage-listed residence in Hunter's Hill, New South Wales, Australia
* The Chalet (TV series), French television series
* The Chalet School, series of 64 school story novels by Elinor M. Brent-Dyer
* The Chalets, five-piece band from Dublin, Ireland
# Waterhen Lake (Manitoba)

Waterhen Lake is a lake in Manitoba, Canada, located about 300 km north of the provincial capital of Winnipeg, between Lake Winnipeg and Lake Winnipegosis.
From Long Island Bay at the southeast end of Lake Winnipegosis the West Waterhen and Little Waterhen rivers flow north about 16 km (10 miles) into Waterhen Lake then the Waterhen River flows south 22 km (13.5 miles) into the northern end of Lake Manitoba.
Waterhen Indian Reserve No. 45, aka "Waterhen", which is the reserve community of the Skownan First Nation, is located on its south shore.
# The Department

The Department is a satirical comedy on BBC Radio 4 about a secret organisation with the power to influence every aspect of your life.
The show is written and performed by Chris Addison, John Oliver and Andy Zaltzman (cancelled after the third series which was written only by Oliver and Zaltzman, after Addison concentrated on his first book), with Peter Dickson, Matthew Holness and Lucy Montgomery. Addison, Oliver and Zaltzman star as Research Team 32, an eccentric three-man think-tank with the brief to brainstorm new ideas on solving society's problems.

## Character List

* Oscar Proud (Chris Addison) - Team 32's team leader and historian. Very patriotic and nostalgic for the time of the British Empire, but generally moral.
* Victor Gooch (John Oliver) - Team 32's lawyer. Ruthless and cheerfully amoral.
* Lazlo Wolfe (Andy Zaltzman) - Team 32's scientist. Deeply in love with 'Wendy'.
* Keith Bilk (Matthew Holness) - Undersecretary to the Department Committee. Very organised, fit, talented and obnoxious. Despises Team 32.
* "Tony" - A Department canteen worker, although also seen working in security. Also despises Team 32, especially Victor.

## Episode list
### Series One

| No. | Episode No. | Title | Original airdate |
| 1 | 1 | "Education" | 7 January 2004 (2004-01-07) |
| 2 | 2 | "Public Transportation" | 14 January 2004 (2004-01-14) |
| 3 | 3 | "The Army" | 21 January 2004 (2004-01-21) |

### Series Two

| No. | Episode No. | Title | Original airdate |
| 4 | 1 | "Crime and Punishment" | 12 July 2005 (2005-07-12) |
| 5 | 2 | "Democracy" | 19 July 2005 (2005-07-19) |
| 6 | 3 | "The Environment" | 26 July 2005 (2005-07-26) |
| 7 | 4 | "Europe" | 2 August 2005 (2005-08-02) |
| 8 | 5 | "Health" | 9 August 2005 (2005-08-09) |

### Series Three

| No. | Episode No. | Title | Original airdate |
| 9 | 1 | "Tax and Public Spending" | 2 August 2006 (2006-08-02) |
| 10 | 2 | "Terrorism" | 9 August 2006 (2006-08-09) |
| This episode was postponed from 16 August 2005. ||||
| 11 | 3 | "Trade" | 16 August 2006 (2006-08-16) |
| 12 | 4 | "Immigration" | 23 August 2006 (2006-08-23) |
| 13 | 5 | "Science and Technology" | 30 August 2006 (2006-08-30) |
| 14 | 6 | "Making Britain Great Again" | 6 September 2006 (2006-09-06) |
# William Hamilton Kidston

William Kidston (29 April 1852 – 4 June 1929) was a Scotland international rugby union player. He could play as a half-back or three-quarters.

## Rugby Union career
### Amateur career

He played for West of Scotland, one of the top teams in Scotland at the time.

### Provincial career

He was called up for the Glasgow District side for the world's first provincial match, the 'inter-city' against Edinburgh District on 23 November 1872.

### International career

He was called up to the Scotland squad in February 1874 and played England at The Oval on 23 February 1874.

## Football career

He played for Glasgow Wanderers in 1873.

## Other interests

Active in many sports including golf, curling and bowls, especially in his hometown of Helensburgh, as a founder of the golf club; a club president of the bowling club; and a member of the curling club. He was a noted businessman and philanthropist and was involved in funding the Helensburgh Town Mission. A chairman of A.G. Kidston & Co. - an iron and steel merchant firm - he later became involved in insurance and banking. The Prime Minister Bonar Law was his cousin.
He was a client of Charles Rennie Mackintosh, whom he commissioned to build the Helensburgh Conservative Club building.
# Waucousta, Wisconsin

Waucousta is an unincorporated community in the town of Osceola, in Fond du Lac County, Wisconsin, United States. Waucousta is located at the junction of U.S. Route 45 and County Highway F, 4 miles (6.4 km) north-northeast of Campbellsport. A branch of the Milwaukee River runs through the community.

## Images

* Sign for Waucousta
* Looking south in downtown Waucousta
# The Day Finger Pickers Took Over the World

The Day Finger Pickers Took Over the World is an album by American guitarist Chet Atkins and Australian guitarist Tommy Emmanuel. Recorded when Atkins was 73, this was his last release of original material in the 20th century. "Smokey Mountain Lullaby" was nominated for the 1997 Grammy Award for Country Instrumental Performance.

## Reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| The Encyclopedia of Popular Music | |
| The New Rolling Stone Album Guide | |
Richard S. Ginell from AllMusic said "Chet Atkins still had another great recording in him." adding "Atkins' tune "Tip Toe Through the Bluegrass" plays the two styles off each other quite revealingly. Emmanuel turns out to be a top-notch tunesmith in his own right, too. His "Dixie McGuire" a disarmingly affectionate mid-tempo tune that won't let you go, inspires a performance that is one of the high points of Atkins'." Ginell said "The title track, which Atkins adapted from a lyric that dealt with bass players finds the two reciting and singing a mock-horror flick tale -- and "Ode to Mel Bay" good-naturedly mocks beginning string players everywhere." Country Standard Time called it "yet another superb collaborative effort."

## Personnel

* Chet Atkins – guitar
* Tommy Emmanuel – guitar, bass, brushes
* Randy Goodrum – keyboards
* Johnny Gimble – fiddle
* Clark Hagen – guitar
* Paul Yandell – guitar
* Giles Reeves – drums, double bass
* Terry McMillan – conga, harmonica, Jew's harp
# Washington Hospital

Washington Hospital may refer to:
* Hospitals in Washington (state)
* Hospitals in Washington, D.C.
* Mary Washington Hospital, A hospital in Fredericksburg, Virginia
* MedStar Washington Hospital Center, A hospital in Washington, DC
* Washington Hospital Healthcare System, A hospital in Fremont, CA
# William Henry Williams (disambiguation)

William Henry Williams may refer to:
* William Henry Williams (1852–1941), English-born Australian headmaster and professor
* William Henry Williams (physician) (1771–1841), English physician and author
* William Henry Williams (rugby union) (1873–1936), Welsh rugby union player
# Bauru River

The Bauru River is a river of São Paulo state in southeastern Brazil.
# The Echo (London)

The Echo, founded in 1868 in London by Cassell, Petter, Galpin & Co., was London's first halfpenny evening newspaper (earlier provincial titles included Liverpool's Events and the South Shields Gazette, both launched in 1855). It was published daily except on Sunday. Sometimes its Saturday edition appeared under the name The Cricket Echo or The Football Echo. Issue Number 1 appeared on 8 December 1868. The Echo ceased publication with Issue Number 11,391 on 31 July 1905.

## History

Arthur Arnold was the editor for Messrs. Cassell, Petter & Galpin, who owned The Echo from 1868 until they sold it to Albert Grant in 1875. Upon the purchase by Grant, Arnold resigned as editor and went on a long trip to Russia and Persia. In less than 12 months as owner, Grant sold the newspaper to John Passmore Edwards in 1876. Edwards was the editor until its eventual sale in 1896 to a syndicate created for the purpose of purchasing The Echo. In 1884 Edwards sold a two-thirds interest in the paper to Andrew Carnegie and Samuel Storey but repurchased the entire interest due to disagreements over management policy. After selling his interest in 1896 Edwards left the paper. The Echo struggled financially and the syndicate sold a controlling interest to Frederick William Pethick-Lawrence in 1901. Pethick-Lawrence ran The Echo from 1902 to 1905, shutting down operations in August 1905.
Frances Power Cobbe was one of the main leader writers for the newspaper from 1868 to 1875. A collection of her leaders appeared as the book Re-Echoes in 1876.

## Editors

* 1868–1875: Arthur Arnold
* 1876–1896: John Passmore Edwards
* 1898–1900: William Montgomery Crook
* 1901-1902: Percy Alden
# The Echo Chamber

The Echo Chamber is the debut novel of Scottish author Luke Williams, published in 2011. The Saltire Society awarded it the Scottish First Book of the Year prize that year. As revealed in the book's acknowledgements, two of the chapters, extracts from the diary of Damaris, a young woman and Evie's first lover, were written by a friend, Natasha Soobramanien.

## Plot introduction

The novel concerns Evie Steppman, who aged 54 and living in Gullane in Scotland, tells of her life growing up in 1940s Lagos at the end of British rule in Nigeria, and more specifically of her auditory abilities as she maps the world around her through her amazing sense of hearing, beginning in the womb... with things happening.

## Inspiration

In an interview with the Scottish Book Trust, Williams reveals that his interest in Nigeria started with authors such as Amos Tutuola, Cyprian Ekwensi, Buchi Emecheta, Ben Okri and Ken Saro-Wiwa. While studying History at the University of Edinburgh, he became fascinated by the end of the Colonial period in West Africa. At St Andrews University, he studied Imperial history and was shocked when he realised how little he was taught about the violence underpinning colonialism, for example the Benin Massacre, and it was this need to reveal some of this truth that provoked him to write the novel.

## Reception

* James Hopkin writing in The Guardian praises the power of the embedded narratives despite the similarity of some of the voices but he concludes, "Stuffed with stories, literary references and peculiar details, a history of troubled objects, this beguiling novel is a work of astonishing synthesis...by the time you finish this rich and resonant book, your ears are sure to be twitching".
* Jonathan Gibbs of The Independent calls it a remarkable novel, "This is a book in love with stories. Barely a character appears but they launch into an anecdote, a fable or a cautionary tale...For the echo chamber isn't just the human head, womb and chest (though it is all of those things): it is the novel form itself, made out of echoes of other novels, and itself. Williams is explicit about this in his acknowledgements, citing books on colonial Africa he has adapted passages from, plus others by Georges Perec, Bruno Schulz and Isaac Babel...it will be a careless reader who isn't impelled to flip back to the start of the book on finishing it, to seek out the original sources of all those resonances".
* Kirkus Reviews has reservations, however: "This ambitious, rambling synthesis of individual and world history, stylistically akin to work by Salman Rushdie and Günter Grass, nevertheless lacks their vigor and originality. Vivid but not quite magical enough
# Watson Island (Queensland)

Watson Island is part of the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park and the southernmost island in the Howick Group National Park and is about 100 km south-east of Cape Melville, Queensland. It is around 9 hectares or 0.09 square km in size.
The island is north-west of Howick Island.