OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Happie Nuts

Happie Nuts is a gal fashion magazine published monthly in Japan by Inforest Publishing. Targeted at women in their late teens and early 20s, Happie Nuts was highly oriented toward the style of oneh-gal ("o-neh-san gal", lit. "older-sister gal") and dark-skin. Based in Tokyo, it was in circulation between 1997 and 2016, and 2020 to present.

## History

Happie Nuts was first published as Happie in October 1997. In late 2004, Happie changed its name to Happie Nuts. The change happened in the November 2004 issue. It is a fashion magazine targeted to female teenagers.
Happie Nuts spawned its special edition, Koakuma & Nuts, in October 2005, which later grew to be Koakuma Ageha as one of the highest-selling fashion magazines in Japan.
In 2014 Happie Nuts was closed, but was restarted in July 2015. However, the magazine ended publication again in March 2016. Since then, the magazine started publication again in 2020.

## Models

Its exclusive models are called "Nuts Mates", which have included Ena Matsumoto, Sayoko Ozaki, Akane Satomi, Sayaka Taniguchi, Miyu Ishima, Saki Nanba, Eriko Tachiya, Shizuka Takeda, Hiromi, Akane Suda, and Nicole Abe.
# Pardes House Grammar School

Pardes House Grammar School is a 10–16 private, Orthodox Jewish, secondary school for boys in Finchley, Greater London, England. It was established in 1976 and since 2001, it has occupied the former Christ's College school building which is a grade II listed building that was constructed in 1860.
# Hugh Gray (theologian)

Hugh Gray (died 1604) was an English churchman and academic, and the second Gresham Professor of Divinity.

## Life

He matriculated as a sizar of Trinity College, Cambridge, in May 1574, was elected scholar, and in 1579 proceeded B.A. He was elected a fellow on 2 October 1581, and commenced M.A. in 1582. On 8 January 1587 he preached an inflammatory sermon at Great St. Mary's, Cambridge, against church music, gambling, "dumb dogs" and mercenary ministers, and the celebration of Christmas. For this sermon he was convened before the vice-chancellor and heads of colleges. He afterwards made a public explanation, denying the particular application of the passages excepted against.
He proceeded B.D. in 1589, was created D.D. in 1595, and was in December 1596 an unsuccessful candidate for the Lady Margaret Professorship of Divinity in his university, receiving twelve votes, while twenty-eight were recorded for Thomas Playfere. On 9 April 1597 he was elected a senior fellow of his college. On 5 November 1600 he was collated to the prebend of Milton Manor in the cathedral of Lincoln; he also held the rectory of Meon-Stoke in Hampshire.
Gray succeeded Anthony Wotton as Gresham professor of divinity, resigning before 6 July 1604. His death took place in the same month. He left money to Trinity College to build a pulpit, and to Gresham College a piece of plate to be in common among all the readers. The lectures which he had read at Gresham College he left to William Jackson, minister of St. Swithin's, London; they do not appear to have been printed.
# Van Noppen

van Noppen is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Flor Van Noppen (born 1956), Belgian politician
* Joëlle van Noppen (1980–2010), Dutch singer
# To the Ground

To the Ground is the fourth album by folk band Kerfuffle.

## Personnel

* Sam Sweeney (fiddle, viola, cajon, drums, bagpipes, vocals)
* Hannah James (accordion, vocals)
* Jamie Roberts (guitar, vocals, mandola, ukulele)
* Tom Sweeney (bass guitar, vocals)
* Dr Andy Lectcher (bagpipes on "Dr Letcher's Favourite")
* This 2000s folk album-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Park Central, Birmingham

Park Central is a residential district situated in the south western area of Birmingham city centre (also known as Central Birmingham).
The area is formally known as Lee Bank, on which Park Central is located, had become run down over time and required redevelopment. As a result, Crest Nicholson decided to develop the area with new mid and high rise properties. Numerous 1960s residential buildings were demolished, including Haddon Tower which was destroyed on 23 July 2006. Construction began in late 2005 with the leveling of the land and, as of June 2016, 1,309 homes have been built and the construction of the final phase (known as the Lexington Quarter and consisting of 339 further units) is underway.
Park Central contains a mixture of houses and apartments, two parks; Sunset and Moonlit park designed by Crest Nicholson and their architects.
# Parikka

Parikka is a Finnish surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Jalmari Parikka (1891–1959), Finnish revolutionary soldier, actor and artistic director
* Lauri Parikka (1895–1965), Finnish painter
* Pekka Parikka (1939–1997), Finnish film director and screenwriter
* Jussi Parikka (born 1976), Finnish new media theorist
* Jarno Parikka (born 1986), Finnish footballer
* Valtteri Parikka (born 1994), Finnish ice hockey defenceman
# Sheikh Ibrahim al-Nama'a

Sheikh Ibrahim al-Nama'a is an Iraqi imam in Mosul. He has been cited as an Islamist who preaches against the presence of American troops in Iraq.
# Panubulon Island

Panubulon Island (or Panobolon Island) is an island barangay located southeast of Nueva Valencia, Guimaras in the Philippines. Beside Panubulon is Guiuanon Island. This island was affected by an oil spill last August 11, 2006.
# Toledo Sox

The Toledo Sox were a minor league baseball team based in Toledo, Ohio. They played in the American Association from 1953 to 1955 at the Triple-A level as an affiliate of the Milwaukee Braves.

## History

Entering the 1952 season, Toledo, Ohio, had been home to the Toledo Mud Hens for nearly every season since 1896. Mid-season in 1952, owner Danny Menendez moved the Mud Hens to Charleston, West Virginia, where they competed as the Charleston Senators through 1960.
Starting in 1953, Toledo fielded a replacement franchise in the American Association, the Toledo Sox, which was the former Milwaukee Brewers minor-league team. The Sox played in Toledo through the 1955 season. The first game the team played, in April 1953, was also the first game broadcast on radio by sports announcer Frankie Gilhooley, who went on to broadcast baseball games in Toledo through 2009. Sox manager George Selkirk was named the American Association Manager of the Year in 1953.
In 1956, the Sox moved to Wichita, Kansas, where they competed as the Wichita Braves through 1958. Toledo was without a minor-league team from 1956 through 1964; in 1965, a new Mud Hens team began playing in the Triple-A International League.

## Season records

| Season | Manager(s) | W–L | Win % | Finish | Playoffs (games) | Ref. |
| 1953 | Tommy Holmes George Selkirk | 90–64 | .584 | 1st of 8 | defeated Louisville Colonels, 4–3 lost to Kansas City Blues, 4–3 | $^{:467}$ |
| 1954 | George Selkirk | 74–80 | .481 | 6th of 8 | did not qualify | $^{:474}$ |
| 1955 | George Selkirk | 81–73 | .526 | 5th of 8 | did not qualify | $^{:481}$ |
# Panufnik

Panufnik is a Polish surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Andrzej Panufnik (1914–1991), Polish composer and conductor
* Roxanna Panufnik (born 1968), British composer, daughter of Andrzej
# Harley Frank

Harley Frank is a member of the Kainai Nation in southern Alberta, Canada. Frank has held a number of notable positions within the Kainai Nation's administration, including being elected Chief, in 1992.

## Frank v. Bottle

Frank was elected Chief of the Kainai Nation in 1992. Although he was elected other members of the band council worked to get him removed from office. The legal battle was heard in Canada's federal court, in Frank v. Bottle. The court ruled in Frank's favor. But he decided to step aside.
The publication Wind Speaker noted:
   "While other laws, regulations and the government policy of respecting the inherent right of First Nations to govern themselves have made it more difficult for grassroots members to demand and receive access to council information and enforce accountability, the judge's decision in Frank v. Bottle states without question that band councils are federal boards that are subject to Canadian law. That allows recourse to grassroots members to appeal council decisions that are seen as arbitrary or unfair."

## September 15, 1999 conviction

On September 26, 1996 Frank shipped half a truckload of Barley, that had been grown on his Reserve, in a native owned truck, to a buyer in the nearby Blackfoot Reservation in Montana. Frank was charged with exporting grain without a valid export license. Frank was convicted, and received an absolute discharge, on September 15, 1999. Garry Brietkreuz, a Canadian Member of Parliament, contrasting Frank's discharge with the sentences other farmer's received, noted:
   "However, Frank was given an absolute discharge because Justice Stevens-Guille didn’t think he was selling the grain to make a profit, but was doing it to challenge the current law."

## Frank's 2005 run for Chief

Frank ran for Chief again, in 2005. Frank was not elected Chief, but as one of the runners-up with the most votes, he won a seat on the Band Council.
Frank appeared before the Standing Senate Committee on Aboriginal Peoples on October 27, 2005.

## Founding member of the Blood Band chapter of the Council of Canadians

In 2015 Frank joined with other Band Members in calling for Band Councilors to be more transparent about their expenses.
# Varangu Nature Reserve

Varangu Nature Reserve is a nature reserve which is located in Lääne-Viru County, Estonia.
The area of the nature reserve is 105 ha.
The protected area was founded in 1993 to protect the flora in Varangu village (Väike-Maarja Parish). In 2005, the protected area was designated to the nature reserve.
# Assara exiguella

Assara exiguella is a species of snout moth in the genus Assara. It was described by Aristide Caradja in 1926 and is known from China and Japan.
The larvae feed on chestnut. They bore the fruit of their host plant. The species overwinters in fallen chestnut shells and trunks.
# Assara aterpes

Assara aterpes is a species of snout moth in the genus Assara. It was described by Alfred Jefferis Turner and is found in Australia.
# Paranisentomon linoculum

Paranisentomon linoculum is a species of proturan in the family Eosentomidae. It is found in Southern Asia.
# Aspella castor

Aspella castor is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails.
# Paris: The Song of a Great City

Paris: The Song of a Great City (full title: Paris, A Night Piece – The Song of a Great City) is a nocturne for orchestra composed by Frederick Delius over the period of 1899–1900. Hans Haym, to whom Delius dedicated the work, conducted the premiere on 14 December 1901 in Elberfeld, Germany. Sir Thomas Beecham conducted the UK premiere of the work in Liverpool on 11 January 1908. The critical edition of the score, published in the late 1980s, incorporated revisions by Beecham, and included editorial work from Eric Fenby and Norman Del Mar.
Whilst drawing upon Delius' own memories of his residence in Paris, the work is not a literal depiction, but more "impressionist" in nature. Philip Heseltine noted this quality as follows:
   "For Delius, Paris is not merely a city of France, whose collective life is something to be studied objectively, from a place apart, much as an entomologist studies an ants' nest; it is a corner of his own soul.
Delius had a special fondness for Paris. He lived there from 1888 to nearly the end of the century. In 1896 he met his future wife there. And in 1899 he wrote Paris: The Song of a Great City.
In his sketches for the piece, Delius wrote a series of impressions such as “mysterious city,” “city of pleasures,” “of gay music and dancing.” These images are painted in music with brushstrokes ranging from delicate to bold. The slow opening reflects the “mysterious city." This is followed by the teeming merry-go-round of Parisian nightlife, which is then interrupted by a lushly lyrical passage that may indicate the intimacies of love. Next, music from the café and music-hall are heard again, and the piece ends as the night ends, and the sounds of awakening streets can be heard as dawn slowly breaks and a new day begins.
Byron Adams has noted the stylistic influence of Richard Strauss in the work.
Anthony Payne gave a mixed characterisation of Paris, noting that it "closes the early period and foreshadows the next in passages of contemplative beauty" and was Delius' "finest work" up to that time, but also saying that it lacked "the intense personal involvement of his great work". By contrast, Hubert Foss has characterised this work as "the first of the later masterpieces" of Delius.
# Sports Argus

The Sports Argus was a Saturday sports paper printed on distinctive pink paper and published in Birmingham, England between 1897 and 2006. Its great appeal was that it was available very shortly after all the Saturday 3pm football games had been completed.

## History

The first edition was published on 6 February 1897. The earliest copy viewable on the British Newspaper Archive is issue number 22, dated Saturday, July 3, 1897; a four-page, eight-column broadsheet.
For many years the Argus was the largest-selling sports newspaper in Britain and had between 32 and 40 pages. Its final edition as a standalone newspaper was published on 13 May 2006. Although its circulation in 2005 averaged 10,000, it was losing nearly £100,000 a year, in part due to the move away from football matches being played at 3pm on Saturdays.
The title survives as the name of the 16 page pull out sport sections in the Saturday and Monday editions of the Birmingham Mail.
# Assara seminivale

Assara seminivale, the kernel grub or macadamia kernel grub, is a species of snout moth in the genus Assara. It was described by Turner in 1904, and is known from Australia. There are also records for Sikkim, Tonkin, Sri Lanka, Sumatra and Borneo, but these need verification.
The larvae feed on the nuts of Macadamia species (including Macadamia integrifolia), the seeds of Mangifera indica and fruit of Heritiera littoralis.
# Operculum (brain)

In human brain anatomy, an operculum (Latin, meaning "little lid") (pl.: opercula), may refer to the frontal, temporal, or parietal operculum, which together cover the insula as the opercula of insula. It can also refer to the occipital operculum, part of the occipital lobe.
The insular lobe is a portion of the cerebral cortex that has invaginated to lie deep within the lateral sulcus. It sits like an island (the meaning of insular) almost surrounded by the groove of the circular sulcus and covered over and obscured by the insular opercula.
A part of the parietal lobe, the frontoparietal operculum, covers the upper part of the insular lobe from the front to the back. The opercula lie on the precentral and postcentral gyri (on either side of the central sulcus). The part of the parietal operculum that forms the ceiling of the lateral sulcus functions as the secondary somatosensory cortex.

## Development

Normally, the insular opercula begin to develop between the 20th and the 22nd weeks of pregnancy. At weeks 14 to 16 of fetal development, the insula begins to invaginate from the surface of the immature cerebrum of the brain, until at full term, the opercula completely cover the insula. This process is called opercularization.

## Case reports
### Albert Einstein's brain

Opinions differ on whether Albert Einstein's brain possessed parietal opercula. Falk, et al. claim that the brain actually did have parietal opercula, while Witelson et al. claim that it did not.
Einstein's lower parietal lobe (which is involved in mathematical thought, visuospatial cognition and imagery of movement) was 15% larger than average.
# Patrice Brun (historian)

Patrice Brun, (born 1953, Pessac) is a French historian, a specialist of ancient Greece and epigraphy. His research focuses on the history of classical and Hellenistic Greece. He was president of the Bordeaux Montaigne University between 2009 and 2012.
# Pareto chart

A Pareto chart is a type of chart that contains both bars and a line graph, where individual values are represented in descending order by bars, and the cumulative total is represented by the line. The chart is named for the Pareto principle, which, in turn, derives its name from Vilfredo Pareto, a noted Italian economist.

## Description

The left vertical axis is the frequency of occurrence, but it can alternatively represent cost or another important unit of measure. The right vertical axis is the cumulative percentage of the total number of occurrences, total cost, or total of the particular unit of measure. Because the values are in decreasing order, the cumulative function is a concave function. To take the example below, in order to lower the amount of late arrivals by 78%, it is sufficient to solve the first three issues.
The Pareto Chart demonstrates a power law relationship between the rank of a quality issue and that issue’s contribution to cost. This means one can find a linear relationship on a log-log plot.
The purpose of the Pareto chart is to highlight the most important among a (typically large) set of factors. In quality control, Pareto charts are useful to find the defects to prioritize in order to observe the greatest overall improvement. It often represents the most common sources of defects, the highest occurring type of defect, or the most frequent reasons for customer complaints, and so on. Wilkinson (2006) devised an algorithm for producing statistically based acceptance limits (similar to confidence intervals) for each bar in the Pareto chart.
These charts can be generated by simple spreadsheet programs, specialized statistical software tools, and online quality charts generators.
The Pareto chart is one of the seven basic tools of quality control.
# Pareto, Piedmont

Pareto is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Alessandria in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 80 kilometres (50 mi) southeast of Turin and about 50 kilometres (31 mi) southwest of Alessandria.
Pareto borders the following municipalities: Cartosio, Giusvalla, Malvicino, Mioglia, Ponzone, Sassello, and Spigno Monferrato.
The village is located on a steep hill, almost 500 meters above sea level.
The name of the village has been mistakenly interpreted according to a paretimology that connects it with Latin piretus, 'pear (tree) orchard'. This is evidently a paretymology, deriving, instead, the toponym from the Indo-European root *br- / *bar-, with the meaning of 'rock', 'stone', 'hill', 'mountain', 'slope', = Latin pǎrǐēs, 'mountain face', 'rock wall'. The toponym would have originated in Indo-European times (Par-eto ~ Par- < PIE *br- / *bar-, 'stone', 'hill', 'mountain', 'slope', + -eto [< Latin -etum, 'village'] = *breto / *bar-eto → *par-eto = Pareto, 'village located on a hill').

## Twin towns — sister cities

Pareto di Borbera is twinned with:
* Cauto Cristo, Cuba
# Pareto Group

Pareto Group is a Norwegian holding company that owns several financial brokers, including 65.5% of Pareto Securities and the shipbroker Bassøe. In 2008 Pareto started its own bank, Pareto Bank. In 2006 it had 5.1% of the trade on the Oslo Stock Exchange. The company is owned by Svein Støle (100%).

## History

The company was founded in 1986 by Oslobanken, and bought by Svein Støle and some other investors in 1992 for about NOK 50 million. During Støles management the company has developed itself to be one of the most important broker houses for the offshore industry. Pareto Securities' Corporate Finance team is number one in the Norwegian market for IPOs, measured both by number of deals and by value of the deals. In addition, the firm is distinguished in both equity and high-yield trading.
# Paraburkholderia sediminicola

Paraburkholderia sediminicola is a gram-negative, catalase and oxidase-positive rod-shaped motile bacterium from the genus Paraburkholderia and the family Burkholderiaceae which was isolated from freshwater sediment. Colonies of Paraburkholderia sediminicola are creamy white in colour.
# Paraburkholderia terrae

Paraburkholderia terrae is a Gram-negative, nitrogen-fixing, catalase and oxidase-positive, motile bacterium with a single polar flagellum, from the genus Paraburkholderia and family Burkholderiaceae, which was isolated from a forest soil in Daejeon in South Korea.
# Paraavis Dart

The Paraavis Dart is a Russian single-place paraglider that was designed and produced by Paraavis of Moscow. It is now out of production.

## Design and development

The Dart was designed as a competition and performance glider.
The Dart's 12.56 m (41.2 ft) span wing has 80 cells, a wing area of 27.2 m$^2$ (293 sq ft) and an aspect ratio of 5.8:1. The crew weight range is 80 to 104 kg (176 to 229 lb) and the aircraft is AFNOR certified in the "performance" category.

## Specifications (Dart)

Data from Bertrand
General characteristics
* Crew: one
* Wingspan: 12.56 m (41 ft 2 in)
* Wing area: 27.2 m$^2$ (293 sq ft)
* Aspect ratio: 5.8:1
Performance
* Maximum speed: 55 km/h (34 mph, 30 kn)
* Rate of sink: 1.0 m/s (200 ft/min)
# Paraba aurantia

Paraba aurantia is a species of land planarian belonging to the subfamily Geoplaninae. It is found within Brazil.

## Description

Paraba aurantia has an elongated body with parallel margins, with a rounded anterior tip and a pointed posterior tip. It can reach up to 30 mm in length. The dorsum is an orangish color with a wide black band running down the middle, not reaching the body's tips. The ventral side of the body is a pale yellow with orangish margins. The anterior tip is contoured by small brownish spots. The eyes, when monolobate, surround the anterior tip and run down the body margins, with bilobated eyes spread across the whole dorsum.
P. aurantia lacks a glandular margin. The pharynx is cylindrical in shape, and the esophagus is long. The prostatic vesicle is tubular and twisted; the distal portion of the vesicle is C-shaped. The female cavity is an oval-elongate shape with an ample lumen, lined by a layered epithelium.

## Etymology

The specific epithet is derived from the Latin aurantius, meaning tawny or orange-colored, in reference to the species' orangish dorsum.

## Distribution

Paraba aurantia is only known to be found in Atlantic semi-deciduous forests within the Brazilian municipalities of Bonito and Bodoquena in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul.
# Paraavis Tango Duett

The Paraavis Tango Duett is a Russian two-place paraglider that was designed and produced by Paraavis of Moscow and introduced in 2003. It is now out of production.

## Design and development

The Tango Duett was designed as a tandem glider for flight training. It uses a unique biplane arrangement of two rectangular wings.

## Variants
### Tango Duett 42

    Small-sized model for lighter pilots. Its 14 m (45.9 ft) span wing has a wing area of 42 m$^2$ (450 sq ft), 42 cells and the aspect ratio is 4.9:1. The pilot weight range is 120 to 180 kg (265 to 397 lb). The glider model is not certified.

### Tango Duett 46

    Large-sized model for heavier pilots. Its 15 m (49.2 ft) span wing has a wing area of 46 m$^2$ (500 sq ft), 42 cells and the aspect ratio is 4.9:1. The pilot weight range is 150 to 280 kg (331 to 617 lb). The glider model is not certified.

## Specifications (Tango Duett 46)

Data from Bertrand
General characteristics
* Crew: one
* Wingspan: 4.6 m (15 ft)
* Wing area: 46 m$^2$ (500 sq ft)
* Aspect ratio: 4.9
Performance
* Maximum speed: 40 km/h (25 mph, 22 kn)