OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Tatyana Pavlova

Tatyana Pavlova (10 December 1890 – 7 November 1975) was a Russian-born theatre director and stage and film actress who settled in Italy. Her name is sometimes written as Tatania Pavlova.

## Selected filmography

* Everybody's Woman (1934)
* Creatures of the Night (1934)
* Black Magic (1949)
* The Dreamer (1965)
# Elizaveta Pletneva

Elizaveta Pletneva (born January 21, 2002) is a Russian-born American group rhythmic gymnast who represented the United States at the 2020 Summer Olympics.

## Personal life

Pletneva and her family moved to the United States when she was three years old. She began rhythmic gymnastics when she was five years old.

## Career

Pletneva competed at the 2018 World Championships where the American group finished fourteenth in the all-around. Then at the 2018 Pan American Championships in Lima, she won the silver medal in both the group all-around and the 3 balls + 2 ropes event final, both behind Mexico.
Pletneva competed at the 2019 Pan American Games and won the silver medal in the group all-around and in the 5 balls event final, both times finishing behind Mexico. Then at the 2019 World Championships in Baku, the American group finished tenth.
At the 2021 Pan American Championships in Rio de Janeiro, Pletneva and the American group won the bronze medals in the all-around, and in both the 5 balls and the 3 hoops + 4 clubs event finals. The United States qualified for the 2020 Olympic Games after Japan's host spot was reallocated. Pletneva was selected to represent the United States at the 2020 Summer Olympics alongside Isabelle Connor, Camilla Feeley, Lili Mizuno, and Nicole Sladkov. They finished eleventh in the qualification round for the group all-around.
# Ernst Schulze (chemist)

Ernst Schulze (German:; 31 July 1840, Bovenden near Göttingen – 15 June 1912, Zürich) was a German chemist who discovered a number of amino acids.

## Biography

Schulze's grandfather was the philosopher and privy counsellor Gottlob Ernst Schulze, and his father held public office in the town where he was born: Bovenden near Göttingen. After completing school, Schulze studied chemistry at the University of Göttingen. Among his professors were Friedrich Wöhler and Heinrich Limpricht. He completed his final semester at Heidelberg, where he completed his studies under Robert Wilhelm Bunsen. Schulze then traveled to Jena, where he completed his doctoral studies as the assistant to Karl Gotthelf Lehmann and later to his successor, Anton Geuther, receiving his doctorate in 1867. He started his scientific career in Jena, and then went on to the agricultural research station at Weende near Göttingen, working under Wilhelm Henneberg, until in 1871 he was offered a position to lead a similar research station in Darmstadt. One year later, Schulze was appointed as professor for agricultural chemistry at the new agriculture and forestry school of the Zürich polytechnic, where his future father-in-law Adolf Kraemer had already been appointed as one of the first leaders.
During his four decades at Zürich, Schulze concentrated on a variety of phytochemical studies, in the course of which he and his doctoral students discovered the amino acids Glutamine, Phenylalanine and Arginine, among many other organic compounds. Schulze also laid emphasis on researching the importance of the amino acids Asparagine and Glutamine in the protein metabolism of plants. He also pioneered the investigation of plant lecithin, cholesterol and phytosterols. At the end of his time in Zürich, Schulze researched the role of carbohydrates in plant cell membranes. This systematic research into plant chemistry made Schulze one of the pioneers of the new science of biochemistry, at the time still called "physiological chemistry".
In the middle of the 1880s, Schulze was awarded the Liebig-Medal in silver, and in 1907 he won a prize from the Royal Society of Sciences in Göttingen. In 1910, in recognition of his life's work, the University of Heidelberg awarded him an honorary medical doctorate.

## Publications

* With Ernst Steiger: Ueber das Arginin. In: Zeitschrift für Physiologische Chemie. 11, 1887, p. 43 (online).
# State Highway 17 (Bihar)

State Highway 17 (SH-17) is a state highway in Bihar state. It covers two major districts (Buxar district and Rohtas district) of Bihar state. This state highway starts from Chausa and ends at Sasaram.
In Bihar, it is known as the Buxar-Chausa-Sasaram road.

## Route

The route of SH-17 from north to south direction is as follows:
* Chausa
* Rajpur
* Kochas
* Sasaram
# Wendy Holden

Wendy Holden may refer to:
* Wendy Holden (author, born 1965), English historical novelist and journalist
* Wendy Holden (author, born 1961), English novelist
# Wicked Willie (series)

Wicked Willie is a 1990 comedy animation series based on the character Wicked Willie and the internationally best-selling series of cartoon books about the continuing adventures of a man and his "best friend". The series was directed by Bob Godfrey, produced by Robert Sidaway, and written by Gray Jolliffe with additional material by Ashley Sidaway, Peter Mayle and Ron Collins.
The series consisted of eleven episodes titled: Hello Willie; Willie On Women; Willie's Away; Willie: The Father Of Invention; Willie And Your Stars; Willie Goes Green; Willie Goes Down In History; Willie On Men; Danger: Willie At Work; Willie Meets The Modern Miss; Dear Willie.
Though banned on television, the video releases were enormously successful when released on home video in 1990 and 1991. Linked by footage of the character of Wicked Willie performing stand-up comedy, the first release on VHS was titled Wicked Willie The Video. Subsequent versions were released as Wicked Willie The Movie and Wicked Willie Rides Again. The two releases have subsequently been re-issued in a single collection on DVD.
# Chinese American Museum (disambiguation)

The Chinese American Museum is a museum in Los Angeles, California.
Chinese American Museum may also refer to:
* Chinese American Museum of Chicago, Illinois
* Museum of Chinese in America, New York City
* Chinese American Museum DC, Washington, D.C.
* Chinese American Historical Museum, San Jose, California
# Biosensors and Bioelectronics

Biosensors and Bioelectronics is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published by Elsevier. It covers research on biosensors and bioelectronics. The journal was established in 1985 as Biosensors and obtained its current name in 1991. The journal was established by I. John Higgins (Cranfield University), W. Geoff Potter (Science and Engineering Research Council) and Anthony P.F. Turner (Cranfield University, later Linköping University), who became editor-in-chief, until his retirement in 2019. The current Editors in Chief are Chenzhong Li (Tulane University), Arben Merkoçi (Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology), and Man Bock Gu (Korea University).
In 1990, the journal was complemented with an associated conference, Biosensors 90. The World Congress on Biosensors continues today.
According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2023 impact factor of 10.7 5-Year Impact Factor: 9.323
Biosensors & Bioelectronics is the principal international journal devoted to research, design, development, and application of biosensors and bioelectronics. It is an interdisciplinary journal serving professionals with an interest in the exploitation of biological materials in novel diagnostic and electronic devices. Biosensors are defined as analytical devices incorporating a biological material (e.g. tissue, microorganisms, organelles, cell receptors, enzymes, antibodies, nucleic acids, etc.), a biologically derived material, or a biomimetic intimately associated with or integrated within a physicochemical transducer or transducing microsystem, which may be optical, electrochemical, thermometric, piezoelectric or magnetic. Biosensors usually yield a digital electronic signal which is proportional to the concentration of a specific analyte or group of analytes. While the signal may in principle be continuous, devices can be configured to yield single measurements to meet specific market requirements. Biosensors have been applied to a wide variety of analytical problems including in medicine, the environment, food, process industries, security, and defense. The emerging field of Bioelectronics seeks to exploit biology in conjunction with electronics in a wider context encompassing, for example, biomaterials for information processing, information storage, and actuators. A key aspect is an interface between biological materials and electronics. While endeavoring to maintain coherence in the scope of the journal, the editors will accept reviews and papers of obvious relevance to the community, which describe important new concepts, underpin an understanding of the field or provide important insights into the practical application of biosensors and bioelectronics.

## Abstracting and indexing

The journal is abstracted and indexed in:
* PubMed
* Current Contents
* BIOSIS Previews
* AGRICOLA
* Cambridge Scientific Abstracts
* Embase
* Chemical Abstracts Service
* Science Citation Index
* INSPEC
* Scopus
# Cotton Genesis

The Cotton Genesis (London, British Library, Cotton MS Otho B VI) is a 4th- or 5th-century Greek Illuminated manuscript copy of the Book of Genesis. It was a luxury manuscript with many miniatures. It is one of the oldest illustrated biblical codices to survive to the modern period. Most of the manuscript was destroyed in the Cotton library fire in 1731, leaving only eighteen charred, shrunken scraps of vellum. From the remnants, the manuscript appears to have been more than 440 pages with approximately 340–360 illustrations that were framed and inserted into the text column. Many miniatures were also copied in the 17th century and are now in the Bibliothèque nationale de France in Paris (Ms. fr. 9530).

## Description

The manuscript contains the text of the Book of Genesis on 35 parchment leaves (size about 27 x 22 cm), with numerous lacunae. The original codex contained 165 leaves, in the quarto size. It is written in uncial letters, in one column per page, in 27–30 letters per line. The nomina sacra usually are written in an abbreviated forms: ΚΣ, ΚΝ, ΘΣ, ΘΝ, for κυριος, κυριον, θεος, θεον. It contains some illustrations (e.g. Joseph with his brethren in his own house, on their return into Egypt).
The miniatures were executed in a late antique style, retaining classical illusionistic qualities. Herbert L. Kessler and Kurt Weitzmann argue that the manuscript was produced in Alexandria, as it exhibits stylistic similarities to other Alexandrian works such as the Charioteer Papyrus.

## History of the codex

According to Tischendorf it was written in the 5th century. The Cotton Genesis appears to have been used in the 1220s as the basis for the design of 110 mosaic panels in the atrium of St Mark's Basilica in Venice, presumably after it was brought to Venice following the sack of Constantinople by the Fourth Crusade in 1204.
It was brought from Philippi by two Greek bishops, who presented it to King Henry VIII, whom they informed that tradition reported it to have been the identical copy which had belonged to Origen. The manuscript was acquired by Sir Robert Cotton in the 17th century. His collection passed to the British Museum.
In 1731, while the codex was at Ashburnham House with the rest of the collection, it was reduced by fire to a heap of charred and shrivelled leaves. Afterwards the rest of the codex was divided in two parts. One part of it (29 folios) was moved to the British Museum, another to the Bodleian Library.
Until the middle of the 19th century it was thought to be the oldest manuscript of the Septuagint. According to Thomas Hartwell Horne it was not only the most ancient but the most correct manuscript that is extant. According to Swete the manuscript even before the fire had been imperfect.
Most of the London fragments of the codex were deciphered and published by Constantin von Tischendorf in 1857; the rest of the codex with the Bristol fragments were deciphered by F. W. Gotch in 1881.
# Pontificate

The pontificate is the form of government used in Vatican City. The word came to English from French and simply means papacy, or "to perform the functions of the Pope or other high official in the Church". Since there is only one bishop of Rome, or pope, pontificate is sometimes also used to describe the reign of a particular pope. It must not be confused with the Holy See, which since ancient times referred to the episcopal see of Rome, while the pontificate in the Vatican City is "the type of government used there", and is neither a kingdom nor a republic.
# Grace Hartman (actress)

Grace Adelaide Hartman (born Grace Barrett; January 7, 1907 – August 8, 1955) was an American stage and musical theatre actress.

## Biography

She was born in San Francisco, California. She was married to actor Paul Hartman from 1923 until they divorced in 1951. That same year, she married television director Norman Abbott.
In 1949, Hartman and her then-husband co-starred in The Hartmans, a comedy series on NBC-TV.

## Death

Grace Barrett Hartman Abbott died from cancer at her home in Van Nuys, California on August 8, 1955, aged forty eight. She was survived by her husband, Norman Abbott, her stepchildren, Chrise and Billy Abbott, and the only child from her first marriage, television writer Ted Hartman.

## Productions

* Ballyhoo of 1932 (September 6, 1932 – November 26, 1932)
* Red, Hot and Blue (October 29, 1936 – April 10, 1937)
* Keep 'em Laughing (April 24, 1942 – May 28, 1942)
* Top-Notchers (May 29, 1942 – June 20, 1942)
* Sketches by Grace Hartman (December 11, 1947 – September 4, 1948)
* Angel in the Wings (January 22, 1949 – May 7, 1949)
* Tickets, Please! (April 27, 1950 – November 25, 1950)

## Filmography

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 1940 | Sunny | Juliet Runnymede | |
| 1943 | Higher and Higher | Hilda | |
| 1949 | The Hartmans | Herself | TV series |

## Awards

She won a Tony Award for Best Leading Actress in a Musical for her role in Angel in the Wings.
# Daecheon Beach

Daecheon Beach is a beach in Boryeong, South Korea. It is the biggest of South Korea's western beaches and stretches 3.5 km.
It's the location of the Boryeong Mud Festival.
# Patrick Ellis

Patrick Ellis may refer to:
* Patrick Ellis (educator)
* Patrick Ellis (radio host)
# Chinese water myotis

The Chinese water myotis (Myotis laniger) is a species of vesper bat. It is native to eastern India, Vietnam and China where it is found in forest habitats. It is believed to roost in caves and hollow trees.
# Weglein

Weglein is a surname. Notable people with this surname include:
* Arthur Weglein, American seismologist
* Clär Weglein [de] (1895–1973), German music educator
* David E. Weglein (1876–1950), American educator
* Resi Weglein [de] (1894–1977), German-Jewish nurse, survivor of Theresienstadt
# Bioshelter

A bioshelter is a solar greenhouse managed as an indoor ecosystem. The word bioshelter was coined by the New Alchemy Institute and solar designers Sean Wellesley-Miller and Day Chahroudi. The term was created to distinguish their work in greenhouse design and management from twentieth century petro-chemical fuelled monoculture greenhouses.
New Alchemy's pioneering work in ecological design is documented in their published Journals and Reports. In 1976 the Alchemists built the Cape Cod Ark bioshelter and her sister The Prince Edward Island Ark. For the next 15 years the New Alchemy Institute studied and reported on the use of these prototype food producing ecosystems.
A bioshelter (life-shelter) involves two fields of knowledge and design. The first is architecture designed to nurture an ecosystem within. A bioshelter structure uses glazing to contain and protect the living biology inside, control air exchange and absorb energy. The building exchanges nutrients, gases and energy with the surrounding environment, produces crops, and recycles waste organic material into the soil. Solar energy is stored as heat energy in thermal mass such as water, stone, masonry, soil and plant biomass.
The second is the biology inside the bioshelter. Earle Barnhart of the New Alchemy Institute has compared a bioshelter to a contained ecosystem. Solar heat is absorbed and stored in thermal mass to moderate air temperatures and provide heat for later use. Water moves from rainfall to fishponds to soil to plants and finally to water vapor. Year-round habitat is provided for beneficial insects . Ecological relationships between pests and their predators reduce the number of pests. Gases are exchanged among the animals, insects, micro-organisms, soil and plants. Nutrient cycles are developed between fish, plant & soil. Within the bioshelter are a variety of microclimates. The south areas receive the most direct sunlight. The east and west areas can be shaded for a portion of the day. Higher levels in a growing space will be warmer. A well-designed bioshelter, managed by human intelligence, can shelter a community of people, food crops, edible fish, and a diverse ecosystem of plants, animals and soil life.
# Coryanthes mastersiana

Coryanthes mastersiana is a species of orchid found in Colombia and Ecuador.
# Popi Tsapanidou

Popi Tsapanidou (Greek: Πόπη Τσαπανίδου; born Parthena Tsapanidou; 20 April 1967 Thessaloniki) is a Greek politician who served as the press representative of SYRIZA from January to July 2023. From 2021 to 2022 she was presenting the central newscast on Open TV. Tsapanidou previously worked for ANT1 and she owns the lifestyle website ipop.gr.
# Graham Jack

Graham Robert Jack (born 19 June 1970) is a New Zealand former professional rugby union player.
A lock, Jack was active in first-class rugby during the 1990s, playing with Manawatu and Canterbury. He had a season with the Crusaders in 1998 and made four appearances, two in the starting XV, then was left out of their 1999 campaign after Todd Blackadder was moved to the second row.
Jack, an aircraft engineer, is the elder brother of All Black Chris Jack and father of Crusaders player Liam Jack.
# Elizabeth Parr

Elizabeth Parr may refer to:
* Elisabeth Parr, Marchioness of Northampton, née Brooke, wife of William Parr
* Elizabeth Parr-Johnston, Managing Partner of Parr-Johnston Consultants
# Twenty First Century Skin

Twenty First Century Skin is the fourth studio album by Praga Khan. It was released in 1999.

## Track listing

* "Breakfast in Vegas" – 6:09
* "Isolation" – 5:41
* "Visions & Imaginations" – 4:15
* "Far Beyond the Sun" – 5:26
* "What's Wrong With Me" – 4:14
* "Lonely" – 5:33
* "Supersonic Lovetoy" – 3:23
* "Lady Alcohol" – 4:25
* "Bored Out of My Mind" – 4:47
* "Begin to Move" – 6:08
* "One Foot in the Grave" – 4:09
* "Adult Entertainment" – 3:34
# Steere River

The Steere River is a river in the Goldfields-Esperance region of Western Australia.
The headwaters of the river rise below the Ravensthorpe Range in the vicinity of Elverdton then flow in a southerly direction until discharging into the north eastern end of Culham Inlet.
The waters of the river are naturally saline. The river drains an area of Archean volcanic and sedimentary rock that is mostly vegetated. The area to the north is hilly and rugged, but the area further south undulates gently.
The river has one tributary, Waindettup Creek.
# Tompkins Square Riots

Several riots have occurred in New York City's Tompkins Square Park, including:
* 1874 Tompkins Square Park riot
* 1988 Tompkins Square Park riot
# Teatro Mancinelli

Teatro Mancinelli is the main theater stage in Orvieto for live dramatic and musical performances.

## History and description

Located at the site of the former Palazzo Orienti, in 1844 a group of citizens proposed erecting a theater at this site. The project stalled, and the architect Virginio Vespignani designed and built the present structure. The theater was inaugurated on 19 May 1866 with the opera La Favorita by Donizetti. Initially the theater was dedicated initially to the muses Talia, Melpomene, and Euterpe, but in 1922 the city renamed the theater to honor two brother and fellow citizens who had gained international reputation as musicians and composers, Marino and Luigi Mancinelli.
A description of the theater in 1883 noted the entry salon was frescoed by Annibale Angelini. Some medallions were frescoed by Cesare Fracassini with portraits of famed Italian opera composers: Rossini, Bellini, Donizzetti, Verdi, Mercadante, and Pacini; poets: Metastasio, Alfieri, Goldoni, and Romani: and choreagraphers Rota and Viganò. Fracassini also frescoed the three muses in the proscenium. The sipario (theater curtain) was painted by Fracassini, depicting the expulsion by Belisarius of the Goths from Orvieto in 538.
Closed for some years, in 1993 a restoration of the interior was completed and the theater is the venue for drama, opera, dance and other spectacles.
# Grachev merchants' revenue house

Grachev merchants' revenue house is a mansion in the historic center of Kamensk-Uralsky, Sverdlovsk oblast.
The building was granted the status of regional significance on 28 December 2001 (the Sverdlovsk Oblast Government Decree № 859). The object number of cultural heritage of regional significance is 661710794020005.

## History

The revenue house belonged to the Grachev family. The owners were father, Vasily Ivanovich, and son, Ivan Vasilyevich. It was built using funds from grain trading.
The building was nationalized in the late 1920s. Later there was a tailor's workshop with available 25 jobs. Subsequently, saving bank, house management and the newspaper edition "Red North" (since 1925 to 1973) were here.
Nowadays the distributing center for libraries functions in the building.

## Architecture

The two-storey building is located in the historical center of the old part of the town. The building area is shaped like a rectangle, stretching from north to south. The main southern facade faces Lenin Street (former Bolshaya Moskovskaya Street).
The first floor the brick building was a small drugstore store. Upstairs were living rooms.
The construction of the first floor is typical for shops of the second half of the 19th century. It was a three-part symmetrical scheme: the main entrance to the trading space was in the center, and the shop windows were along the edges of the room.
The mansion is constructed with the elements of eclectism style. The main facade is symmetrical. The corners of the building are set of bossage. The upper part of the building is decorated with double pilasters. On the second floor there are five identical by form windows. Cornice profiled with a wide ledge. The upper part is completed with a two-tiered attic and parapet columns in the form of towers. The towers are decorated with a belt of arched arches. The date of construction "1907" is put down on the inner part of the gable of the house.
# Tsing Yi Fishermen Village and St. Paul's Village

Tsing Yi Fishermen Village (Chinese: 青衣漁民村) and St. Paul's Village (聖保祿村) are two adjacent villages on Tsing Yi island, in Kwai Tsing District, Hong Kong.

## Administration

Fishermen's Village and St. Paul's Village (漁民村及聖保祿村) collectively form one of the villages represented within the Tsing Yi Rural Committee.

## History

Tsing Yi Fishermen Village was completed in 1965 to provide residence to fishermen's families relocated from Tsuen Wan. It was built on a slope, originally directly facing the Tsing Yi Typhoon Shelter. It was established by a donation of the Cooperative for American Relief Everywhere.
St. Paul's Village, also a fishermen village, was established in 1973.