OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# William Aird Thomson

William Aird Thomson (1773-17 March 1863) was a Scottish minister and antiquarian who served as Moderator of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland in 1835.

## Life

He was born on 28 January 1773 in the manse at Sanquhar the son of Rev Dr John Thomson DD. The family moved to Markinch while he was still young.
He studied at the University of Edinburgh and was licensed to preach by the Presbytery of Kirkcaldy in September 1796.
He was ordained by the Church of Scotland as minister of Dalziel in September 1801, then moved in 1808 to the far larger Middle Church in Perth in 1807. The parish was at that time one of three contained within the large St John's Church in the city centre. At the same time his brother Rev Andrew Thomson was translated from Sprouston to the East Church in Perth contained in the east end of the same building. However, Andrew translated to New Greyfriars in Edinburgh in 1810.
In 1833 the University of Glasgow. awarded him an honorary doctorate (DD). In 1835 he succeeded Very Rev Patrick McFarlan as Moderator of the General Assembly.
In the Disruption of 1843 he left the established Church of Scotland and joined the Free Church of Scotland, establishing a new Free Church of Perth. He went into semi-retirement in 1845 when Rev Thomas Dymock came to assist him.
He died at home, 6 Athole Crescent in Perth on 17 March 1863.

## Family

In March 1802 he was married to Margaret Fraser (d.1844), daughter of Luke Fraser the infamous master at Edinburgh's High School. In 1841 their daughter Mary Anne Thomson married Walter Glass of Smiddiegreen who committed suicide by shooting himself in the head two months after the wedding. She then married Prof Patrick Campbell MacDougall.
Her sister Helen Mary Thomson married Prof Patrick Campbell Macdougall of the University of Edinburgh.
The daughter Margaret Thomson married Rev John Reid Omond.
Other children included Gilbert James Thomson (b. 1813) and Rev John William Thomson of the Free Church.
His younger brother was Rev Andrew Mitchell Thomson.

## Publications

* A History of the Circulation of the Scriptures (1814) with "Mr Orme"
* Memoirs of the Late Rev James Scott (1820)
* John Campbell of Carbrook (1827)
* Letters on Church Politics (1832-6)
* Questions for Young Communicants
* A Catechism on the Gospel of St Luke
# Falsamblesthis ibiyara

Falsamblesthis ibiyara is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Marinoni in 1978. It is known to be found in Brazil.
# Yellow bush frog

Yellow bush frog may refer to:
* Coorg yellow bush frog (Raorchestes luteolus), a frog in the family Rhacophoridae endemic to the Western Ghats, India, in the state of Karnataka
* Kalpatta yellow bush frog (Raorchestes nerostagona), a frog in the family Rhacophoridae endemic to the Western Ghats, India
# Coulomb crystal

A Coulomb crystal (also Ion Coulomb crystal) is a collection of trapped ions confined in a crystal-like structure at low temperature. The structures represent an equilibrium between the repulsive Coulomb interaction between ions and the electric and magnetic fields used to confine the ions. Depending on the confinement techniques and parameters, as well as the number of ions in the trap, these can be 1-, 2- or 3-dimensional, with typical spacing between ions of ~10μm, which is significantly larger than typical solid-state crystal structures. Outside of ion traps, Coulomb crystals also occur naturally in celestial objects such as neutron stars.

## Description

The magnitude of the Coulomb interaction F between two ions of charge q and Q a distance R apart is given by
$F={\frac {qQ}{4\pi \epsilon _{0}R^{2}}}$
directed along the axis between the two ions, where a positive value represents a repulsive force and vice versa.
Trapping techniques include variations on the Paul trap and Penning trap, where the former uses only electric fields while the latter also uses magnetic fields to confine the ions. Considering the simple case of two ions confined in a linear Paul trap, we have a radiofrequency oscillating field, which itself can confine a single ion in the (axial?) direction.

## Experimental realisation

The typical process for creating ICCs in the lab involves ionisation of an elemental source, followed by confinement in an ion trap, where they are imaged via their fluorescence. Changing parameters such as the axial or radial confining potentials may lead to different observed geometries of the crystal, even if the number of ions does not change.
For measurements involving highly charged ions, these are typically observed as "dark" areas in the fluorescence of the Coulomb crystal, due to their different energy levels. This effect is also noticeable when ions in the Coulomb crystal appear to disappear, without changing the structure of the crystal, due to mixing with impurities in a non-ideal vacuum.
Heating effects are also important in the characterisation of Coulomb crystals, since thermal motion can cause the image to blur. This may be stimulated by the cooling laser being slightly off-resonance, and so needs to be carefully monitored.

## Applications and properties

Coulomb crystals of various ionic species have applications across much of physics, for example, in high precision spectroscopy, quantum information processing and cavity QED.
# Glena interpunctata

Glena interpunctata is a species of moth in the family Geometridae first described by William Barnes and James Halliday McDunnough in 1917. It is found in North America.
The MONA or Hodges number for Glena interpunctata is 6451.

## Subspecies

Two subspecies belong to Glena interpunctata:
* Glena interpunctata interpunctata$^g$
* Glena interpunctata thomasaria Sperry, 1952$^{cg}$
Data sources: i = ITIS, c = Catalogue of Life, g = GBIF, b = BugGuide
# The Spindles

The Spindles may refer to:
* The Spindles Town Square Shopping Centre, a retail complex in Oldham, England
* The Spindles, burial towers at Amrit, Syria
# RCUV

RCUV may refer to:
* Regional Council of Unrecognized Villages, a democratic representative body for the residents of the Bedouin unrecognized villages of the Negev Desert
* Revised Chinese Union Version, an updated Chinese translation of the Bible
# Sandoricum beccarianum

Sandoricum beccarianum is a tree in the family Meliaceae. It is named for the Italian botanist Odoardo Beccari.

## Description

Sandoricum beccarianum grows up to 35 metres (110 ft) tall with a trunk diameter of up to 70 centimetres (28 in). The flowers are yellow-green to white. The roundish fruits are coloured orange-red or pinkish-yellow and measure up to 3 cm (1 in) in diameter.

## Distribution and habitat

Sandoricum beccarianum grows naturally in Thailand, Sumatra, Peninsular Malaysia and Borneo. Its habitat is peatswamp forests near sea-level.
# Saint Michael's Church (Rochester, New York)

Saint Michael's of Rochester Roman Catholic church located in Rochester, New York. Standing at 246 feet (75 m), it is the 10th tallest building in Rochester. It is a currently active parish church within the Roman Catholic Diocese of Rochester, Monroe Central Deanery, and is one of three churches that make up the Saint Frances Xavier Cabrini Parish, alongside Church of the Annunciation, and Our Lady of the Americas Church. Masses at St. Michael’s Church are currently only celebrated in Spanish.

## History

It is a Gothic Revival-style stone church in the form of a Latin cross, 177 feet (54 m) long and 92 feet (28 m) feet wide. It was designed by German-born architect, Adolphus Druiding. Plans and designs for the church began in 1887, and in 1890 it was finished and dedicated. The Lockport sandstone and Medina brownstone were hauled by barge down the Erie Canal. The building was designed to seat 1,100 parishioners. The organ was built by J. W. Steere & Son Organ Company of Springfield, Mass and has 2,169 pipes. The church bells were manufactured by the Meneely and Kimberly foundry, and by the McShane Bell Foundry.
The first pastor of the church was Fridolin Pascalar, who served from 1874 until 1896.
# William Airmine

William Airmine may refer to:
* William Airmine (MP for Lincolnshire) in 1388, MP for Lincolnshire (UK Parliament constituency)
* Sir William Armine, 1st Baronet (1593–1651)
* Sir William Armine, 2nd Baronet (1622–1658)
# Fantasia-class cruise ship

The Fantasia class is a class of cruise ships, operated by MSC Cruises. At present, there are four active Fantasia-class cruise ships, the lead vessel, MSC Fantasia, MSC Splendida, MSC Divina and the MSC Preziosa, which were built by STX Europe in St. Nazaire. MSC Divina and MSC Preziosa are modified Fantasia-class ships. They have a 139,400 gross tonnage (GT) and have expanded amenities compared to their earlier sister ships.
The lead ship, MSC Fantasia, was completed in December 2008 and is the namesake of the class. The second ship, MSC Splendida, followed in March 2009. The third ship, MSC Divina entered service in May 2012 while the fourth and final ship, MSC Preziosa entered service in March 2013.

## Overview

At the time of their construction the Fantasia class were the largest ships in the fleet of MSC Cruises, and were preceded by the much smaller Musica class, which are at 93,300 tons. The ships are designed to complement the previous Musica class.
MSC Fantasia and MSC Splendida have a 16,000 sq ft (1,500 m$^2$) spa facility, four swimming pools, a Tex-Mex restaurant, a 1,700-seater showlounge, a mini golf course, a tennis/basketball court. They also have 1,637 passenger cabins.
MSC Divina and MSC Preziosa have 1,751 staterooms, 114 more than the previous ships. They also have two additional elevators and their decks and restaurants are redesigned to allocate more space per passenger.

### Phoenicia/MSC Preziosa

On June 4, 2010 a letter of intent was signed between STX France and Libyan state-owned company General National Maritime Transport Corporation (GNMTC), to build one cruise ship similar to MSC Fantasia, and MSC Splendida. Nominally named Phoenicia she was specified by Hannibal Gaddafi, who had a 120-ton shark aquarium integrated into the design. During construction, the Libyan Civil War broke out on 15 February 2011. In June 2011, STX France cancelled the contract, and began looking for a new buyer of the hull. It was announced on March 13, 2012, that MSC reached an agreement to buy the ship for 550 million euros, and be named MSC Preziosa.

## Ships

| Ship | Built | Builder | Entered service for MSC | Gross tonnage | Flag | Notes |
| MSC Fantasia | 2008 | Aker Yards/STX Europe (St. Nazaire) | December 2008 | 137,936 tons | Panama | |
| MSC Splendida | 2009 | Aker Yards/STX Europe (St. Nazaire) | July 2009 | 137,936 tons | Panama | Ordered as MSC Serenata and renamed MSC Splendida in 2008. |
| MSC Divina | 2012 | STX Europe (St. Nazaire) | June 2012 | 139,072 tons | Panama | Modified Fantasia class. Ordered as MSC Meraviglia and renamed MSC Divina in 2010. |
| MSC Preziosa | 2013 | STX Europe (St. Nazaire) | March 2013 | 139,072 tons | Panama | Modified Fantasia class. Originally ordered for Libyan-based General National Maritime Transport. |

## Data

* Gross tonnage: 138,000-139,000-GT
* Length: 1,093 feet (333 meters)
* Beam: 124.6 feet (38.0 meters)
* Draught: 27.2 feet (8.3 meters)
* Cost: $550 million
# Yevgeniya Nikolayevna Sinskaya

Yevgeniya Nikolayevna Sinskaya (1889-1965) was a Russian botanist noted for her research in plant taxonomy, phytogeography, species formation, and genetics. She was head of the Taxonomy, Ecology and Geography Division at the Institute of Plant Industry. The standard author abbreviation Sinskaya is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.
# Tomáš Čáp

Tomáš Čáp (born 21 November 1978 in Hranice na Moravě) is a Czech footballer. In Austria, Čáp played for the Kärnten in the 3rd Division, called "Regionalliga Mitte", from 18 July 2008. His contract finished 3 March 2009.
# Drugera santiago

Drugera santiago is a moth of the family Notodontidae. It is found in north-eastern Ecuador.
The length of the forewings is about 22.5 mm.
# Susješno

Susješno (Serbian Cyrillic: Сусјешно) is a village in the municipality of Foča, Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina
# William Merry (priest)

William Walter Merry (1835–1918) was an English classical scholar, clergyman, and educator.

## Life

William Merry was born in Evesham, Worcestershire, and was educated at Cheltenham College and Balliol College, Oxford, where he gained the Chancellor's Prize for a Latin essay in 1858. He was fellow and lecturer of Lincoln College, Oxford, from 1859 and Rector (head) of the College from 1884. He was select preacher to the University in 1878–79 and in 1889–90, and Whitehall preacher in 1883–84; public orator at Oxford from 1880 to 1910; a member of the Hebdomadal Council (1896–1908); and Vice-Chancellor (1904–06).

## Works

For many years he was engaged in the preparation of editions of the classical authors, published by the Clarendon Press, Oxford. These included Homer's Odyssey (books i to xii, with James Riddell; second edition, 1886); a school edition of the same books and another of books xiii to xxiv; and a series of editions of the plays of Aristophanes, begun in 1879. (Some of these have gone through several editions). His other works in classical literature are The Greek Dialects (1875) and Selected Fragments of Roman Poetry (second edition, 1901).

## References and notes

* ↑ Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1922). "Merry, William Walter" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 32 (12th ed.). London & New York: The Encyclopædia Britannica Company. p. 914.
* ↑ Rectors, British History Online. In 'Lincoln College', H. E. Salter and Mary D. Lobel (editors), A History of the County of Oxford: Volume 3: The University of Oxford, pages 163–173, 1954.
* ↑ Books by William Walter Merry, Alibris.
* ↑ of the former 66,000 copies were sold, of the latter 16,000

## Sources

* This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Gilman, D. C.; Peck, H. T.; Colby, F. M., eds. (1905). "Merry, William Walter". New International Encyclopedia. Vol. XIII (1st ed.). New York: Dodd, Mead. p. 350.
Academic offices :
| Preceded byMark Pattison | Rector of Lincoln College, Oxford 1884–1918 | Succeeded byJohn Arthur Ruskin Munro |
| Preceded byDavid Binning Monro | Vice-Chancellor of Oxford University 1904–1906 | Succeeded byThomas Herbert Warren |
# Radio Constanța

Radio Constanța is a Romanian regional public radio station in Constanța.
# Sandouré

Sandouré is a village in the Kongoussi Department of Bam Province in northern Burkina Faso. It has a population of 785.
# World Series Cricket West Indies XI

The World Series Cricket West Indies XI was a cricket team representing West Indies in World Series Cricket (WSC). Their first game was against the Australia XI in 1977. World Series Cricket ended in 1979 after the Australian XI tour to the West Indies. The side was composed of current West Indian international cricketers, except for Jim Allen, the only squad member not to play Test cricket. During WSC many of the West Indian squad also played against the official Australian touring side, that did not feature WSC cricketers. Against in effect a second string Australia West Indies won the first two tests convincingly (by an innings in the first and nine wickets in the second). Only Alvin Kallicharran and Derick Parry played who were not signed to WSC. However, when the WSC cricketers were unavailable from the third test, the contests were more even. Australia won the third test (by three wickets), West Indies the fourth (by 198 runs), while the fifth was drawn.
# Wikstroemia ovata

Wikstroemia ovata grows as a shrub or small tree up to 5 metres (20 ft) tall. Inflorescences bear up to 20 greenish-yellow flowers. The fruits are roundish to ellipsoid, up to 1 cm (0.4 in) long. The specific epithet ovata is from the Latin meaning 'egg-shaped', referring to the leaves. Habitat is thickets and forests from sea level to 800 metres (2,600 ft) altitude. W. ovata is found in Borneo and the Philippines.
# Yemişveren, Güroymak

Yemişveren is a village in the Güroymak District of Bitlis Province in Turkey. Its population is 462 (2021).
# Corydalus

Corydalus is a genus of large flying insects in the Corydalidae family, commonly known as dobsonflies. They are endemic to North, Central and South America and there are about 35 known species. Members of the genus have wing lengths of up to 85 millimetres. They are sexually dimorphic, with the males having large mandibles used to grasp the females during mating while the females have smaller jaws. The larvae are known as hellgrammites and are aquatic predators.

## Etymology

Corydalus is a transliteration from the Greek κορδαλος (korúdalos) meaning a crested lark or the flower, larkspur, apparently related to Greek corys (κορυς) a helmet crest. The name probably refers to the long mandibles of the male which might be considered to resemble the crest of a lark, or perhaps, the decorative crests of a helmet.

## Species

* Corydalus affinis Burmeister, 1839 - Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Paraguay, Peru, Venezuela
* Corydalus amazonas Contreras-Ramos, 1998 - Brazil
* Corydalus armatus Hagen, 1861 - Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil(?), Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela
* Corydalus arpi Navás, 1936 - Venezuela
* Corydalus australis Contreras-Ramos, 1998 - Argentina, Brazil, Uruguay
* Corydalus batesii McLachlan, 1867 - Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Peru, Suriname, Venezuela
* Corydalus bidenticulatus Contreras-Ramos, 1998 - Mexico, Arizona
* Corydalus cephalotes Rambur, 1842 - Brazil
* Corydalus clauseni Contreras-Ramos, 1998 - Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador
* Corydalus clavijoi Contreras-Ramos, 2002
* Corydalus colombianus Contreras-Ramos, 1998 - Colombia
* Corydalus cornutus (Linnaeus, 1758) - Eastern dobsonfly - Eastern North America
* Corydalus crossi Contreras-Ramos, 2002
* Corydalus diasi Navás, 1915 - Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay
* Corydalus ecuadorianus Banks, 1948 - Ecuador
* Corydalus flavicornis Stitz, 1914 - Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Panama, Peru, Venezuela
* Corydalus flinti Contreras-Ramos, 1998 - Venezuela
* Corydalus hayashii Contreras-Ramos, 2002
* Corydalus hecate McLachlan, 1866 - Brazil, Peru, Venezuela
* Corydalus holzenthali Contreras-Ramos, 1998 - Bolivia, Peru
* Corydalus ignotus Contreras-Ramos, 1998 - French Guiana
* Corydalus imperiosus Contreras-Ramos, 1998 - Argentina
* Corydalus longicornis Contreras-Ramos, 1998 - Argentina, Bolivia, Ecuador
* Corydalus luteus Hagen, 1861 - Southern United States, Mexico, Central America
* Corydalus magnus Contreras-Ramos, 1998 - Central America
* Corydalus mayri Contreras-Ramos, 2002
* Corydalus neblinensis Contreras-Ramos, 1998 - Venezuela
* Corydalus nubilus Erichson, 1848 - Brazil, French Guiana, Guyana, Venezuela
* Corydalus parvus Stitz, 1914 - Ecuador, Peru
* Corydalus peruvianus K. Davis, 1903 - Argentina, Bolivia, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Guatemala, Mexico, Panama, Peru, Venezuela
* Corydalus primitivus Van der Weele, 1909 - Argentina, Bolivia
* Corydalus territans Needham, 1909
* Corydalus tesselatus Stitz, 1914 - Venezuela
* Corydalus texanus Banks, 1903 - Southwest United States, Guatemala, Mexico
* Corydalus tridentatus Stitz 1914 - Brazil
# Duke Wu

Duke Wu or Wu Gong (武公) may refer to the following ancient Chinese rulers:
* Duke Wu of Qi (r. 850–825 BC), ruler of the State of Qi
* Duke Wu of Lu (r. 825–816 BC), ruler of the State of Lu
* Duke Wu of Chen (r. 795–781 BC), ruler of the State of Chen
* Duke Wu of Jin (r. 716–677 BC), also called Duke Wu of Quwo, ruler of the State of Jin
* Duke Wu of Qin (r. 697–678 BC), ruler of the State of Qin
# Phulbari, Okhaldhunga

Phulbari is a village development committee in Okhaldhunga District in the Sagarmatha Zone of mid-eastern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 3815 living in 708 individual households.
# Bhojraj Joshi

Bhojraj Joshi is a Nepalese politician, belonging to the Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist-Leninist). He was elected to the Pratinidhi Sabha in the 1994 election. In 1997 he was named Minister of Education in the cabinet of Lokendra Bahadur Chand.
In 2005 he was arrested during pro-democracy protests.
# Brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitor

Brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitors are G-protein coupled receptors belonging to the class B secretin subfamily. Members include:
* Brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitor 1
* Brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitor 2
* Brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitor 3
# Yassıören, Karataş

Yassıören (also: Yassıveren) is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Karataş, Adana Province, Turkey. Its population is 103 (2022).
# Bertha Gyndykes Dkhar

Bertha Gyndykes Dkhar is a visually impaired Indian educationist, best known as the inventor of the braille code in Khasi. In 2010, the Government of India awarded her with the Padma Shri, India's fourth highest civilian award.

## Biography

Bertha Gyndykes Dkhar was born in Shillong, Meghalaya as a visually-impaired child with retinitis pigmentosa, a disease which causes degeneration of the retina, and lost the eyesight completely while she was in college due to which she had to abandon her studies. Without means to support herself, she sold fruits in the market for a living. Continuing with efforts to overcome the disability, Dkhar researched in Braille code and designed the code in Khasi, the local language in Meghalaya.
Bertha Dkhar is the headmistress of the Jyoti Sroat School, a school run by the Bethany Society for the visually impaired children. She received the fourth highest Indian civilian award of Padma Shri, when she featured in the 2010 Indian Republic Day honours list. She is also a recipient of the national award for Child Welfare from the Government of India in 2000.
# Unión de Mar del Plata

Club Atlético Unión de Mar del Plata is an Argentine sports club from Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires Province. The club was founded on December 1, 1926, and its main sports are football and basketball. In football, Unión currently plays in the Torneo Argentino A, which is the regionalised third division of the Argentine football league system.

## History
### Foundation

A group of friends who usually met at a grocery store called La Unión Italiana (located on the corner of Dorrego and 9 de Julio streets in Mar del Plata) decided to form a football team wearing as their uniform shirts in light blue and white. Those shirts had been given to them by the cigarettes manufacturer Dollar.
The owner of that grocery store, Mr. Vignatti, organized a picnic which included a football match. That game produced a great enthusiasm on the group of youth players, who decided to found a club. Therefore, on December 1, 1926, the Club Atlético Unión was launched. The colors adopted were the same as they had worn in those first matches (light blue and white).
One of those players (then a radio broadcaster), Felipe Yódice, was the person who suggested the name of the club which was finally adopted. The club's first address was on 3826 25 de Mayo St, but has since moved to different locations.

### Football campaigns

Unión played in the Liga Marplatense de Fútbol (Mar del Plata Football League) since 1927, having won the championship in 1946 and 2006. The last title allowed Unión to participate in the 2007 season of the Torneo del Interior (regionalized fifth division), where they lost the final. After that, Unión was promoted to the Torneo Argentino B first (after defeating Gimnasia y Esgrima de Santa Fe) and then to the Torneo Argentino A (after winning the finals against Sportivo Belgrano).

## Basketball

Unión plays in the Asociación Marplatense de Basketball (Mar del Plata Basketball Association), having won over 20 championships. In addition, Unión played the Campeonato Regional (Regional Championship) from 2004 to 2007.
# Doragnathus

Doragnathus is an extinct genus of stem-tetrapod from the Early Carboniferous of Scotland.
# Əhmədabad, Sabirabad

Əhmədabad (also, Ahmedabad) is a village and municipality in the Sabirabad District of Azerbaijan. It has a population of 2,460.