OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Dr. Frank Finney House

The Dr. Frank Finney House, at 608 Belleview Ave. in La Junta, Colorado, was built in 1899. It was a work of architect Walter Dubree and is designed in a generally Edwardian vernacular style but with Colonial Revival details. Also known as the Hofmann-Collins House, it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984.
It was deemed significant as the largest historic house and the "most lavishly detailed" in La Junta. It was home of Dr. Frank Finney (d.1919) who was the Santa Fe Railroad's district surgeon and served as president of the Colorado Medical Society. The owners in 1984 were doctors Hofmann and Collins.
# Bill Goss

Bill Goss may refer to:
* Bill Goss (author), American author
* Bill Goss (singer), member of the boyband The Choirboys
# Watch You Bleed: The Saga of Guns N' Roses

Watch You Bleed: The Saga of Guns N' Roses is a rock biography written by Stephen Davis, published by Gotham Press and released August 26, 2008. It chronicles the story of U.S. hard rock band Guns N' Roses from their earliest days up to the year of publication.

## Background

Watch You Bleed documents the history of Guns N' Roses from the earliest childhood days of singer W. Axl Rose and his lifelong friendship with guitarist Izzy Stradlin to the formation of the band, their years at the top of the music world and eventual downfall. Most of the book is dedicated to the band's early period from 1985 to the release of the Use Your Illusion albums in 1991. There is some charting of the former members' later careers with bands like Velvet Revolver and also of Rose's efforts to record and release the Chinese Democracy album, finally released on November 23, 2008.
# Blatnik pri Črnomlju

Blatnik pri Črnomlju (pronounced) is a settlement west of the town of Črnomelj in the White Carniola area of southeastern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola and is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region.
# Vĩnh Nguơn

Vĩnh Nguơn (some documents are misspelled as Vĩnh Ngươn) is a ward (phường) of Châu Đốc city in An Giang Province, Vietnam.
# Wilson, Lincoln County, Wisconsin

Wilson is a town in Lincoln County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 309 at the 2010 census. The unincorporated community of McCord is located partially in the town.

## Geography

Wilson is in northern Lincoln County, 9 miles (14 km) northwest of the city of Tomahawk. The town is bordered to the north by Oneida County. U.S. Route 8 crosses the northern part of the town, leading east 8 miles (13 km) to U.S. Route 51 and west 22 miles (35 km) to Prentice.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 36.3 square miles (94.1 km$^2$), of which 35.0 square miles (90.7 km$^2$) are land and 1.3 square miles (3.4 km$^2$), or 3.58%, are water. The town is drained by the Somo River and its tributaries, leading east to the Wisconsin River at Lake Mohawksin in Tomahawk. Somo Lake is in the middle of the town, on the Little Somo River.

## Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 299 people, 130 households, and 92 families residing in the town. The population density was 8.5 people per square mile (3.3/km$^2$). There were 334 housing units at an average density of 9.5 per square mile (3.7/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the town was 98.66% White, 0.33% Asian, and 1% from two or more races.
There were 130 households, out of which 21.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 64.6% were married couples living together, 3.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.2% were non-families. 22.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.3 and the average family size was 2.64.
In the town, the population was spread out, with 18.1% under the age of 18, 5% from 18 to 24, 22.7% from 25 to 44, 32.8% from 45 to 64, and 21.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 48 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 100.8 males.
The median income for a household in the town was $32,750, and the median income for a family was $38,125. Males had a median income of $32,321 versus $20,625 for females. The per capita income for the town was $16,103. About 11% of families and 13.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 18.9% of those under the age of eighteen and 12.5% of those 65 or over.
# Xiushui, Changhua

24°02′08.3″N 120°30′13.5″E﻿ / ﻿24.035639°N 120.503750°E﻿ / 24.035639; 120.503750
Xiushui Township (Chinese: 秀水鄉; pinyin: Xiùshuǐ Xiāng, Wade-giles: Hsiushui) is a rural township in Changhua County, Taiwan. It has a population total of 38,248 as of January 2023 and an area of 29.34 square kilometres (11.33 sq mi).

## Administrative divisions

The township comprises 14 villages: Antung, Anxi, Fuan, Heming, Jinling, Jinxing, Maxing, Pulun, Shanxi, Xialun, Xiushui, Yixing, Zengcuo, and Zhuangya.

## Tourist attractions

* Yi Yuan Mansion

## Notable natives

* Wang Huei-mei, Magistrate of Changhua County
# Vappu Taipale

Vappu Taipale (née Puustinen; born 1 May 1940) is a Finnish retired politician and physician.

## Medical career

In 1966, Taipale graduated with a licentiate's degree in medicine and qualified to practise medicine. In 1980, she obtained her doctorate in the field of psychiatry from the University of Helsinki.
She worked as a psychiatrist in various roles at the Helsinki University Central Hospital throughout the 1970s. She has also held the positions of Docent (Associate Professor) at the universities of Kuopio (now the University of Eastern Finland) and Tampere, specialising in child and adolescent psychiatry.
In 1991, Taipale was awarded the title of Professor, and in 1998 she received an honorary doctorate in public administration (Hallintotieteiden kunniatohtori) from the University of Vaasa.

## Political career

Taipale joined the Social Democratic Party in 1972. She never stood for election to the Parliament, but did run for the party's leadership in 1987.
Despite not being a member of Parliament, Taipale served as the Minister of Social Affairs and Health and the Deputy Minister, respectively, in Kalevi Sorsa's third and fourth cabinets, from July 1982 to November 1984.
Later she headed the National Agency for Welfare and Health (Sosiaali- ja terveyshallitus), and after that was replaced by the National Research and Development Centre for Welfare and Health [fi] STAKES in 1992, Taipale served as its Director-General until her retirement in 2008.
She also chaired her party's women's wing, Sosialidemokraattiset Naiset [fi], from 1984 to 1990.
Taipale unsuccessfully ran for her party's nomination in the 1994 Finnish presidential election, being beaten by Martti Ahtisaari, who eventually went on to win the presidency.

## Personal life

Vappu Taipale is married to fellow psychiatrist and politician Ilkka Taipale. They met at medical school entrance exams in 1960. The couple have four children.
In 2001, she caused controversy by admitting in a newspaper interview to having experimented with LSD during her student years and considering it a worthwhile experience, for which she later apologised.
# Farrar, Tarboro, North Carolina

Farrar is an unincorporated community in Edgecombe County, North Carolina, United States. The town was probably named for Owen Cicero Farrar, a leading member of the local Baptist church and businessman who ran the general store, the Hotel Farrar, and founder of the Tarboro Cotton Factory constructed in 1888 in nearby Tarboro.
# Wilmington Township, Pennsylvania

Wilmington Township is the name of two places in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania:
* Wilmington Township, Lawrence County, Pennsylvania
* Wilmington Township, Mercer County, Pennsylvania
# Watch Your Mouth

Watch Your Mouth may refer to:
* Watch Your Mouth (novel), a 2000 novel by Daniel Handler
* Watch Your Mouth (TV series), a 1978 American comedy-drama television series
# Putera Sampoerna Foundation

Putera Sampoerna Foundation (PSF) is a social business institution in Indonesia, founded by tobacco heir Putera Sampoerna. PSF is a consultant for, and operator of, corporate social responsibility programs. The Foundation has 4 focuses of influence: ""quality education for high-achieving, but underprivileged students, job creation through entrepreneurship development programs, public enlightenment through the empowerment of women, and the distribution of aid and relief programs for compassionate and disaster relief."

## History

In 2001, tobacco heir Putera Sampoerna established the Putera Sampoerna Foundation (PSF). PSF is chaired by Michelle Sampoerna.
As of a 2012 press release, PSF has disbursed more than 34,600 scholarships, organized workshops for more than 19,000 teachers and headmasters, and adopted 23 public schools and 5 Islamic elementary schools (madrasah).
Putera Sampoerna Foundation established Sampoerna Academy (an international boarding high school), the Sampoerna School of Education, and the Sampoerna School of Business.
Ethical concerns have been raised about the foundation for its ties to the tobacco industry. The Foundation receives charity funds from Philip Morris International, which owns Sampoerna.

## Business units

PSF has several business units: Koperasi Siswa Bangsa, Sampoerna Academies, School Development Outreach, Sahabat Wanita, Bait Al-Kamil, and MEKAR. The largest unit, constituting roughly one-half of all foundation personnel, is the foundation's university entitled Universitas Siswa Bangsa Internasional.
# Environmental issues in Ethiopia

"none" is preferred when the title is sufficiently descriptive; see [[WP:SDNONE]] As in many neighboring countries, most environmental issues in Ethiopia relate to deforestation and endangered species.

## Geological issues

The Main Ethiopian Rift is geologically active and susceptible to earthquakes. Hot springs and active volcanoes are found in its extreme east close to the Red Sea. Elsewhere, the land is subject to erosion, overgrazing, deforestation, and frequent droughts. Water shortages are common in some areas during the dry season. The causes of degradation are primarily the demand for more land for agriculture, fuel and construction as well as for grazing grounds.

## Endangered animals
### Ethiopian wolf

The Ethiopian wolf is one of the rarest and most endangered of all canid species. The numerous names given to this species reflect previous uncertainties about its taxonomic position. However, the Ethiopian wolf is now thought to be related to the wolves of the genus Canis, rather that sold for about US$175 each to taxidermists who then retail the stuffed lions for US$400. "For the time being our immediate solution is to send them to the taxidermists, but the final and best solution is to extend the zoo into a wider area," Muhedin said.
The director of the wildlife division of Ethiopia's Ministry of Agriculture said he had no idea the lions were being culled.

## Deforestation

Ethiopia had a 2018 Forest Landscape Integrity Index mean score of 7.16/10, ranking it 50th globally out of 172 countries.
# Citadel (1957 book)

Citadel: The Story of the United States Senate is a nonfiction book about the United States Senate by journalist William S. White, published in 1957. White's book was the first to make public how skilled the Southern senators were at utilizing every procedural mechanism the chamber had to offer. It spent 11 weeks on The New York Times best seller list for nonfiction.

## Summary

Citadel describes the creation of the United States Senate, which he refers to as "the Institution", and exposes how it operates behind the scenes with its emphasis on tradition and hierarchy. White credits the Senate with maintaining the two-party system in the United States.
In contrast to the popular conception of 100 equal senators, White argues that there is a controlling elite within the Senate that he calls the "Inner Club", dominated by senators from the Southern United States.
   Those who belong to it express, consciously or consciously, the deepest instincts and prejudices of the Senate type, a man for whom the Institution is a career in itself, a life in itself and an end in itself.
Senate committees at the time were powerful and committee chairs were extremely influential. Citadel praises the stability and compromise promoted by southern Democrats, many of whom controlled important committees.
Citadel identifies flaws in the Senate, such as its failure to defend liberal values, abuses of power by individuals, and its arrogance toward the House of Representatives and the Executive branch. It also criticizes the Senate's use of investigating committees, saying that the practice usurps the power of grand juries established by the Fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution.

## Reception

Writing in The New York Times, Orville Prescott gave it a positive review, calling it a "brisk and brightly written book". Reviewer James G. Wharton notes that White "sees the senate as an American institution that resists change, and in resisting, preserves some of the more stalwart virtus of qualitative democracy." In The Virginian-Pilot, the reviewer concludes that Citadel is "a book that is a pleasure to read, quite apart from its deeper significance as a study of the Senate". The reviewer for the Clarion-Ledger wrote "The tradition-bound Senate stands as a symbol to our democratic way of life and the reader will be the gainer with a clearer understanding of the inner workings of the upper hose after a close examination of Citadel."
On the Senate floor, George Smathers said of the recently published book that it was "incisive in recognizing the supersedence of common good over partisanship". John F. Kennedy, a senator at the time, wrote in New Leader magazine that Citadel's "picture does not have the detachment of a photograph, it is so much the better for being a painting with the interpretation and flavoring that a talented and sensitive artist can bring to such work. Mr. White may not love all senators, but he loves the Senate, and this affection regard shines through his work."
# Vappu Säilynoja

Vappu Johanna Säilynoja (22 November 1926 – 28 April 2016) was a Finnish midwife and politician, born in Ylivieska. He was a member of the Parliament of Finland from 1979 to 1991, representing the Finnish People's Democratic League (SKDL) until 1990 and the Left Alliance after that.
# Family intervention tenancy

A Family Intervention Tenancy (FITs) is a type of housing tenancy in the United Kingdom that can be granted under the Housing and Regeneration Act 2008. A Family intervention tenancy only occurs where a tenant is guilty of anti-social behaviour.
Section 297 of the Housing & Regeneration Act 2008 provides local housing authorities and registered social landlords in England and Wales with the power to offer Family Intervention Tenancies. FITs came into force on 1 January 2009. A tenant is not obligated to enter into a FIT.
# Wilmington Terminal Railroad

The Wilmington Terminal Railroad (reporting mark WTRY) is a shortline railroad serving the Port of Wilmington (North Carolina). It began operations in 1986 over trackage owned by the North Carolina Ports Railway Commission, whose other lines (at Morehead City) were simultaneously leased to the Carolina Rail Services Company. The company is owned by Rail Link, Inc., a subsidiary of Genesee & Wyoming Inc., which acquired it from the Rail Management Corporation in 2005.
The Ports Railway Commission acquired the lines in 1980, and expanded its property, leased to WTRY, through a purchase of spurs from CSX Transportation in 1993. In 2002, the lines were transferred to the North Carolina State Ports Authority, in accordance with a recently passed state law.
# Pythagoras tree (fractal)

The Pythagoras tree is a plane fractal constructed from squares. Invented by the Dutch mathematics teacher Albert E. Bosman in 1942, it is named after the ancient Greek mathematician Pythagoras because each triple of touching squares encloses a right triangle, in a configuration traditionally used to depict the Pythagorean theorem. If the largest square has a size of L × L, the entire Pythagoras tree fits snugly inside a box of size 6L × 4L. The finer details of the tree resemble the Lévy C curve.

## Construction

The construction of the Pythagoras tree begins with a square. Upon this square are constructed two squares, each scaled down by a linear factor of √2/2, such that the corners of the squares coincide pairwise. The same procedure is then applied recursively to the two smaller squares, ad infinitum. The illustration below shows the first few iterations in the construction process.
| Construction of the Pythagoras tree, order 0 | Order 1 | Order 2 | Order 3 |
| Order 0 | Order 1 | Order 2 | Order 3 |
This is the simplest symmetric triangle. Alternatively, the sides of the triangle are recursively equal proportions, leading to the sides being proportional to the square root of the inverse golden ratio, and the areas of the squares being in golden ratio proportion.

## Area

Iteration n in the construction adds 2$^n$ squares of area ${\tfrac {1}{2^{n}}}$, for a total area of 1. Thus the area of the tree might seem to grow without bound in the limit as n → ∞. However, some of the squares overlap starting at the order 5 iteration, and the tree actually has a finite area because it fits inside a 6×4 box.
It can be shown easily that the area A of the Pythagoras tree must be in the range 5 < A < 18, which can be narrowed down further with extra effort. Little seems to be known about the actual value of A.

## Varying the angle

An interesting set of variations can be constructed by maintaining an isosceles triangle but changing the base angle (90 degrees for the standard Pythagoras tree). In particular, when the base half-angle is set to (30°) = arcsin(0.5), it is easily seen that the size of the squares remains constant. The first overlap occurs at the fourth iteration. The general pattern produced is the rhombitrihexagonal tiling, an array of hexagons bordered by the constructing squares.
| Order 4 | Order 10 |
In the limit where the half-angle is 90 degrees, there is obviously no overlap, and the total area is twice the area of the base square.

## History

The Pythagoras tree was first constructed by Albert E. Bosman (1891–1961), a Dutch mathematics teacher, in 1942.
# Imperial snipe

The imperial snipe (Gallinago imperialis) is a small stocky wader which breeds in the Andes. For a century it was known only from two specimens collected near Bogotá, Colombia, and was presumed extinct, but it was rediscovered in Peru in 1967 and Ecuador in 1988. It is not known if it is migratory.

## Description

This 29–31 cm (11–12 in) long snipe has a stocky body and relatively short legs for a wader. Its adult plumage is dark rufous brown except for the lower belly and undertail, which are white with heavy brown barring. The grey bill is long, straight and fairly robust, and the legs and feet are grey. The sexes are similar. The juvenile plumage is unknown, but in most snipe species, young birds differ from adults only in showing pale fringes on the wing coverts.
In flight, the imperial snipe looks heavy, broad-winged and short-tailed, and the banded belly contrasts with the dark breast and underwing. It has a shatteringly loud raucous song in its display flight, starting with single notes and moving on to double or triple notes.
Compared with other snipes with an overlapping range, the imperial snipe is obviously larger than the Magellan snipe, which has clear pale stripes on its back and lacks barring on the lower belly. The race which occurs in the Andes, Gallinago paraguaiae andina also has yellow legs.
The Andean snipe, Gallinago jamesoni, is similar in build to the imperial snipe, but is paler on the throat and underwings, and has a less contrasted lower belly.

## Behaviour

The imperial snipe occurs around the tree-line at 2,745–3,700 m (9,006–12,139 ft) altitude in mosaic habitats consisting of a mixture of bogs, mossy areas, moist elfin forest, tree-ferns and tall grass. Little is known about its habits, and it is mostly observed when displaying.
The dawn and dusk aerial display involves flying high in circles performing the extremely loud song. This is followed by a dive during which the bird makes a drumming sound caused by the vibrations of its modified outer tail feathers.
The imperial snipe's diet is unknown, but other snipe species forage for insects and worms by probing with their long bills.

## Status

Having been considered extinct for over half a century, the imperial snipe has now been found at least six sites in Peru and twelve in Ecuador. Although it appears widespread on both east and west slopes in Ecuador and the east slope in Peru, it apparently occurs at very low densities (4-5 displaying within 1.6 km$^2$ (0.62 sq mi) of suitable ridge-top habitat) and known populations are small and localised.
This snipe's habitat has been adversely affected by burning, grazing and conversion of páramo to agriculture.
However, if the number of records and known sites continue to increase, the status of this species may be reclassified to Least Concern.
# Weldiya (Afder)

Weldiya is a market town in eastern Ethiopia The administrative center of the Afder Zone of the Somali Region, this town has a latitude and longitude of 4°20′N 42°4′E﻿ / ﻿4.333°N 42.067°E﻿ / 4.333; 42.067.
Based on figures from the Central Statistical Agency in 2005, Weldiya has an estimated total population of 8822, of whom 4947 are men and 3875 are women. The 1997 census reported this town had a total population of 5,909 of whom 3,268 were men and 2,641 women. The largest ethnic group reported in this town was the Somali (99.2%). It is the largest town in Dolobay woreda.
# Xenosepsis

Xenosepsis is a genus of flies in the family Sepsidae.

## Species

* Xenosepsis africana (Ozerov, 1999)
* Xenosepsis fukuharai Iwasa, 1984
* Xenosepsis sydneyensis Malloch, 1925
# Vappuzha

Vappuzha is a ward in the Chazhoor panchayat in the Thrissur district of Kerala state in India. Vappuzha is a mostly a farming village. A major festival in Vappuzha is Puthenpeedika church festival and Thoniyakavu festival.

## History

Vappuzha was an ancient port of Chera dynasty which situated near the ancient town of Irumbrayur which now known as Puthenpeedika. In ancient times, a big river were flowing through the side of the Vappuzha. The name Vappuzha were given by that river because the Malayalam meaning of Vappuzha is big river.
# Faolán Mac an Ghabhann na Scéal

Faolán Mac an Ghabhann na Scéal, died 1423, was an Irish writer and genealogist. He was one of the ten scribes of Leabhar Ua Maine, commissioned by Archbishop of Tuam, Muircertach Ó Ceallaigh (died 1407). His poem, Adham ar n-athair uile is penned in the text by Ádhamh Cúisín. Nothing else seems to be known of him.
# Doubly stochastic

Doubly stochastic may refer to:
* Doubly stochastic model
* Doubly stochastic matrix
# Willowbrook

Willowbrook may refer to:

## Institutions

* Willowbrook High School in Villa Park, Illinois
* Willowbrook Museum Village, a museum in Newfield, Maine
* Willowbrook State School, a former state-supported institution for developmentally disabled children in Staten Island, New York

## Places

* Willowbrook, California
** Willowbrook/Rosa Parks station
* Willowbrook, DuPage County, Illinois
* Willowbrook, Will County, Illinois
* Willowbrook, Kansas
* Willowbrook, Saskatchewan, Canada
* Willowbrook, Staten Island, a neighborhood of Staten Island, New York
* Willowbrook, Houston, Texas, a neighborhood in Texas

## Other

* Willowbrook (bus manufacturer), a former vehicle body builder in England
* Willowbrook Rail Maintenance Facility, a GO Transit rail yard and rolling stock maintenance facility in Toronto, Canada
* Piper Willowbrook, main character of Nickelodeon's 2017 show Mysticons