OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# The Roman Triumph

The Roman Triumph is a 2007 book by Mary Beard.

## Content

The book explores the ritual of the triumph in ancient Roman life, opening with a discussion of Pompey the Great's third triumph of 61 BC which is the most documented of all the Roman triumphs. In the course of the book she explores the triumph from a number of different angles. For example, citing writers such as Ovid as well as epigraphic attestations she tries to delineate what the experience of the triumph was for the common and ordinary people of Rome rather than solely the elite. She also adopts a minimalist position on the question of whether or not triumphs were bound by very detailed and specific rules and regulations, asserting instead that they were somewhat flexible in format and changed over the course of time. She also breaks down a popular theory such as the idea that the Roman general who was being honoured in the process embodied the god Jupiter Optimus Maximus himself, arguing that there is evidence for this but also counter-evidence. She then concludes with a discussion of the triumph of Belisarius in 534 which is often described as the final Roman triumph of all.
Beard's analysis cuts through the enormous amount of writing about Roman triumphs to try to ascertain what their reality was as a fixture in Roman life, attempting to demystify them from the large number of what she refers to as 'rituals in ink' that have existed (whereby contemporary writers such as Polybius, Livy or Josephus sought to glorify a particular triumph) and the large amount of secondary historical scholarship on the matter. An example of the kind of details that are heavily contested and questionable is the tradition of a slave accompanying a processing general repeatedly urging him to remember that he is mortal; this tradition is mentioned differently in accounts by Pliny, Dio or Tertullian and is not mentioned at all in other accounts. Beard therefore argues that such stories may in fact be myth-making rather than a report of actual reality. Another aspect of the oft-repeated later depiction of the triumph includes stories of harsh treatment of captives, which Beard argues may instead have involved a reality where they were treated relatively mildly before then often becoming citizens.
# Qiu Shusen

Qiu Shusen (Chinese: 邱树森; 4 July 1937 – 20 November 2019) was a Chinese historian who specialized in the history of the Mongols and the Yuan dynasty, and the history of China's ethnic minorities, especially the Hui people. He served as Professor and Chair of the Department of History at Nanjing University, North Minzu University, and Jinan University.

## Biography

Qiu was born on 4 July 1937 in Suzhou, Jiangsu, Republic of China. He graduated from the Department of History of Nanjing University in 1959, and continued his studies at the graduate program of the department, where he was advised by the renowned historian Han Rulin [zh]. After completing his studies in 1963, he became a faculty member at the university, and later served as Chair of the Department of History from 1984 to 1988.
In 1988, Qiu became a Professor and Chair of the Department of History of North Minzu University in Yinchuan. In 1993, he transferred to Jinan University in Guangzhou, still serving as Professor and Chair of the Department of History. After retiring, he taught as an adjunct professor at Macau University of Science and Technology.
Qiu was a specialist in the history of the Mongols and the Yuan dynasty, and the history of China's ethnic minorities, especially the Hui people. In 1992, he was awarded a special pension by the State Council of the People's Republic of China for distinguished scholars. He served as Vice President of the China Yuan Dynasty Historical Research Society.
Qiu published more than 20 monographs and reference works, and over 200 research papers. His monographs include History of the Hui People of China 中国回族史, A Brief History of China's Ethnic Minorities 中国少数民族简史, A Gazetteer of the Hui Culture 回族文化志, A Brief Investigation of the Cultural History of the Yuan Dynasty 元代文化史探微. He also edited Great Dictionary of the Yuan Dynasty of China 中国元史大辞典, Dictionary of Chinese Historical Official Titles 中国历代职官辞典, Dictionary of Famous People in Chinese History 中国历代名人辞典. Many of his works were cited by The Cambridge History of China, Volume 6: Alien Regimes and Border States.
Qiu died on 20 November 2019 in Guangzhou, aged 82.
# San Felipe District, Alajuelita

San Felipe is a district of the Alajuelita canton, in the San José province of Costa Rica.

## Geography

San Felipe has an area of 5.1 km$^2$ and an elevation of 1,110 metres.

## Demographics

For the 2011 census, San Felipe had a population of 31,649 inhabitants.

## Transportation
### Road transportation

The district is covered by the following road routes:
* National Route 177
# Fonston

Fonston is a hamlet 8 miles (13 km) north-west of Launceston in Cornwall, England. Fonston lies at around 495 metres (1,624 ft) above sea level on the road from Warbstow to Canworthy Water.
# Benniu East railway station

Benniu East railway station is a reserved railway station of Shanghai–Nanjing Intercity High-Speed Railway located in Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
* This article about a railway station in Jiangsu is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Earl Zero

Earl Anthony Johnson (born 1953), better known as Earl Zero, is a Jamaican roots reggae artist, whose career began in the 1970s. He is the uncle of Toronto rapper Raz Fresco.

## History

Born 1953 in the Greenwich Town area of Kingston, Johnson was the eldest of ten children, his father a fisherman and his mother a fishmonger. Zero began his career in the 1970s, first as a member of the group Rush-It with his childhood friend Earl "Chinna" Smith, who recorded for producer Bunny Lee, who gave him the name 'Earl Zero' to distinguish him from Smith. His song "None Shall Escape the Judgement" was a hit for Johnny Clarke when recorded by the singer in 1974, and proto punk garage band artist Jonathan Richman and the Modern Lovers had a UK #5 hit with an instrumental version of "None Shall Escape the Judgement" in 1977 titled "Egyptian Reggae". The track was included on the album Rock 'n' Roll with the Modern Lovers. Although the writing credit was originally given to Richman, later reissues of the track credited Earl Zero.
Zero first had success as a singer himself with the Al Campbell-produced "Righteous Works" in 1975. He recorded for Don Mais' Roots Tradition label (recording "Home Sweet Home" and "I No Lie"), and joined Tommy Cowan's Talent Corporation roster, and had further success with "Please Officer", recorded with Augustus Pablo and Prince Jammy, and "City of the Weak Heart", released on Cowan's Arab label, the latter also recorded by Jacob Miller on his Killer Miller album. In 1976 he moved on to work with Bertram Brown, recording "Get Happy", and again recorded with Campbell on "Heart Desire". He continued recording through the late 1970s, recording with Soul Syndicate. His first two albums, Visions of Love and In the Right Way, were released in 1979.
In 1979 he relocated to northern California, and continued to record since, with several albums released. Much of his Freedom Sounds label music was re-released in the mid-1990s on Steve Barrow and Mick Hucknall's Blood and Fire label on the album entitled King Tubby & Soul Syndicate – Freedom Sounds in Dub, thereby introducing his sounds to new generations of listeners, and his works are still consistently held in high regard and in demand with sound-systems worldwide. His latest album is Marketplace, to be released in Spring 2011 with producer Siahvash Dowlatshahi. The album features members of the Roots Radics, The Greyboy Allstars, The Devastators and others.

## Discography

* Visions of Love (1979), Epiphany
* In the Right Way aka Only Jah Can Ease the Pressure (1979), Freedom Sounds/Student
* Roots & Romance (2001)
* And God Said to Man (2010), A-Lone
* Marketplace (2011), Foreign Key Records
* Earl Zero Meets Sideway' 'Big Fisherman In Dub' (2020), Sideway Outernational Records
# Union Township, Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania

Union Township is a township in Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 951 at the 2020 census.

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the township has a total area of 39.4 square miles (102.0 km$^2$), of which 39.2 square miles (101.6 km$^2$) is land and 0.2 square mile (0.4 km$^2$) (0.43%) is water.

## Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 1,005 people, 398 households, and 306 families residing in the township. The population density was 25.6 people per square mile (9.9/km$^2$). There were 638 housing units at an average density of 16.3/sq mi (6.3/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the township was 98.81% White, 0.20% African American, 0.30% from other races, and 0.70% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.50% of the population.
There were 398 households, out of which 29.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 67.8% were married couples living together, 4.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 23.1% were non-families. 20.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.53 and the average family size was 2.88.
In the township the population was spread out, with 22.2% under the age of 18, 6.8% from 18 to 24, 26.8% from 25 to 44, 29.0% from 45 to 64, and 15.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females there were 99.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 104.7 males.
The median income for a household in the township was $31,397, and the median income for a family was $35,000. Males had a median income of $27,578 versus $20,769 for females. The per capita income for the township was $14,940. About 10.9% of families and 11.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 17.0% of those under age 18 and 10.5% of those age 65 or over.
# Dornoch (Parliament of Scotland constituency)

Dornoch in Sutherland was a royal burgh that returned one commissioner to the Parliament of Scotland and to the Convention of Estates.
After the Acts of Union 1707, Dornoch, Dingwall, Kirkwall, Tain and Wick formed the Tain district of burghs, returning one member between them to the House of Commons of Great Britain.

## List of burgh commissioners

* 1661: Alexander Gordon
* 1685–86, 1689 (convention), 1689–90: Captain George Gordon (died c.1692)
* 1692–1702: John Anderson the younger of Westertoun
* 1702–07: John Urquhart of Meldrum
# The Romance of Book and Sword

The Romance of Book and Sword (released as Jiangnan Shujian Qing, 江南書劍情 in mainland China) is a 1987 Hong Kong film by Ann Hui, based on Louis Cha's novel The Book and the Sword. The film was followed by Princess Fragrance, released later in the same month and also directed by Ann Hui. The films are among the earliest Hong Kong films to be completely shot in mainland China with a full mainland Chinese cast.

## Plot

The film covers the first half of the novel and ends with the truce between the Qianlong Emperor and the Red Flower Society at Liuhe Pagoda. The two major subplots in the novel are omitted: Li Yuanzhi and Zhou Qi do not appear in the film.

## Cast

* Zhang Duofu as Chen Jialuo
** Jiang Wei as young Chen Jialuo
* Chang Dashi as Qianlong Emperor
* Liu Jia as Huoqingtong
* Ding Cuihua as Luo Bing
* Lü Yongquan as Taoist Wuchen
* Yu Dalu as Zhao Banshan
* Guo Bichuan as Wen Tailai
* Wang Jingqiu as Zhang Jin
* Hou Changrong as Yu Yutong
* Chen Youwang as Xu Tianhong
* Ren Naichang as Shi Shuangying
* Zhang Jun as Chang Bozhi
* Wang Wei as Chang Hezhi
* Zheng Jianhua as Jiang Sigen
* Fu Yongcai as Wei Chunhua
* Sun Chenxi as Xinyan
* Wang Hongtao as Yu Wanting
* Wu Chunsheng as Zhang Zhaozhong
* Yang Junsheng as Heshen
* Ding Tao as Zhaohui
* Deng Jie as Chen Jialuo's mother
* Ge Lili as Qinghua
* Zhu Yi as Prince Su
* Zhang Xuehao as Li Kexiu
* Wang Wensheng as Long Jun
* Shi Wei as Wet nurse
# Bold (Angie & Debbie Winans album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
Bold is the second album by Angie & Debbie Winans, released in 1997. Angelique and Debra Renee are the ninth and tenth siblings, respectively, in the Winans family, a family of gospel music artists from Detroit, Michigan. This album contains a song entitled "Not Natural", denouncing homosexuality. This led to protests by GLAAD.

## Musicians

* Guitars: Paul Jackson, Andrew Ramsey
* Drums: Dee Holt
* Trumpet Solo: Rod McGaha
* Sax solo: Mark Douthit
* Strings: Nashville String Machine
* String Conductor & Arr.: Ronn Huff
* All other instruments, Track arr.: Cedric Caldwell, Victor Caldwell
* Background vocals: Tiffany Palmer, Duawne Starling, Debbie Winans, Angie Winans
* Bold voice: Duane Hamilton
* Strange Woman Intro: Tiffany Palmer
* Rap Vocal: Mike-E (Michael Ellis Wright)
* Lead vocals: Debbie Winans, Angie Winans

## Production

* Engineers: Cedric Caldwell, Victor Caldwell, Joey Verge, Bryant Russell
* Recorded at: Father's Image, Quad Studio
* Mixed by: Cedric Caldwell, Victor Caldwell
* Mixed at: Father's Image
* Producers: Cedric Caldwell, Victor Caldwell for Caldwell Plus Production
* Mastering: Marty Williams at The Workstation
* Art Direction: Louis Upkins, Jr.
* Design: Louis Upkins, Jr. - DesignHouse, Wendi Powell - Kairos Designs
* Hair: Sandy Alsup, Shelia Littleton
* Photographer: Michael Gomez
* Stylist: Rene' Image Agency
* Make-Up: Derrick Rutledge, For About Face
* Exicutive Producers: Cedric Caldwell, Victor Caldwell, Angie Winans, Debbie Winans
All track information and credits were taken from the CD liner notes.
# Sam and the Tigers

Sam and the Tigers: A New Telling of Little Black Sambo is a 1996 Children's picture book by Julius Lester and illustrator Jerry Pinkney. It is a retelling of the classic story by Helen Bannerman and is about a young boy, Sam, who outwits a group of hungry tigers.

## Reception

Booklist in a review of Sam and the Tigers, wrote "Lester and Pinkney have stripped away the ugly racism and retold the story in a new way. .. Adults will be arguing about this book for months, in print and on the Internet, and Lester's afterword is an excellent place to start the discussion. As for kids, they'll love the book about a child hero who can outwit tigers." School Library Journal wrote "Lester and Pinkney reclaim "Little Black Sambo," the tale of a black child who outwits a pack of bullying tigers, from its negative, racist connotations."
Publishers Weekly gave a starred review and found it "A hip and hilarious retelling that marries the essence of the original with an innovative vision of its own", while the New York Times was critical, writing "Mr. Lester has overloaded the simple structure with much unnecessary baggage." and calling it an "overlong retelling".
Sam and the Tigers has also been reviewed by Kirkus Reviews, The Horn Book Magazine, and the Los Angeles Times

## Awards

* 1997 ALA Notable Children's Book - Younger Readers
* 2000 Parents' Choice Award - Recommended (Silver)
* 2016 Phoenix Picture Book Award - Honor
# Donje Dvorišće

Donje Dvorišće is a settlement in the Dugo Selo town of Zagreb County, Croatia. As of 2011 it had a population of 188 people.
# Thomas Armstrong (Nottinghamshire cricketer)

Thomas Armstrong (16 March 1872 – 5 July 1938) was an English first-class cricketer. Armstrong was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium pace. He was born in Keyworth, Nottinghamshire.
Armstrong made his first-class debut for Nottinghamshire against the Marylebone Cricket Club in 1892. From 1892 to 1896, he represented the county in 6 first-class matches, the last of which came against the Marylebone Cricket Club during the 1896 season. In his 6 first-class matches, he scored 67 runs at a batting average of 7.44, with a high score of 20*.
He died at the town of his birth on 5 July 1938.
Thomas Armstrong came from a sporting family. His brother Jack Armstrong played football for Nottingham Forest and another brother Albert played for Forest Reserves on several occasions.
# The Rogues (film)

I picari, internationally released as The Rogues, is a 1987 Italian comedy film written and directed by Mario Monicelli. It is freely inspired by the Spanish novels Lazarillo de Tormes and Guzman de Alfarache.
The film was co-produced with Spain, where it was released as Los alegres pícaros.

## Plot

I picari was the last of Monicelli's films, such as L'armata Brancaleone, to be set in the Renaissance and medieval eras. As in his previous films, a tilting of the society and surroundings of the characters makes the film a parody of the goliardic lifestyle of the 12th or 13th century.
In 17th-century Spain, vagrants Lazarillo and Guzman meet as slaves on a ship. Both had a troubled and difficult childhood because of their parents. The first was adopted by a prostitute and a blind wanderer (Nino Manfredi) who earned a living by cheating and stealing. The second was beaten and scourged. Escaping from the ship in which they were held captive, Lazarillo and Guzman stop at a strange place where they cheat a blacksmith. Later, disguised as gentleman, they are hosted by an impoverished nobleman (Vittorio Gassman). The two tramps, who hoped to make a fortune by entering the service of a nobleman, are shocked by his poor quarters and dire living conditions. Lazarillo and Guzman then become part of a theater company, scrape together some money, buy a prostitute, and encounter a gang of criminals. One of them kills a king's guard and is sentenced to death. His friend saves him by replacing him with another prisoner.

## Cast

* Giancarlo Giannini: Guzman de Alfarache
* Enrico Montesano: Lazarillo de Tormes
* Vittorio Gassman: Marquis Felipe de Aragona
* Nino Manfredi: the blind wanderer
* Giuliana De Sio: Rosario
* Bernard Blier: the pimp
* Paolo Hendel: the tutor
* Vittorio Caprioli: Mozzafiato
* Enzo Robutti: the Captain of the ship
* Blanca Marsillach: Ponzia
* Maria Casanova: Pregnant Woman
* Claudio Bisio: the leader of the mutinied rowers
* Sal Borgese: the boatswain
* Sabrina Ferilli the young prostitute
# Sugar Creek Township, Putnam County, Ohio

Sugar Creek Township is one of the fifteen townships of Putnam County, Ohio, United States. The 2020 census found 1,181 people in the township.

## Geography

Located in the southern part of the county, it borders the following townships:
* Union Township - north
* Pleasant Township - northeast
* Monroe Township, Allen County - southeast
* Sugar Creek Township, Allen County - south
* Marion Township, Allen County - southwest corner
* Jennings Township - west
* Jackson Township - northwest corner
No municipalities are located in Sugar Creek Township, although the unincorporated communities of Rimer and Vaughnsville lie in the township: Rimer in the west, and Vaughnsville in the south.

## Name and history

Sugar Creek Township was organized in the 1830s, and named after the Sugar Creek which flows through it. Statewide, four other Sugar Creek Townships are located in Allen, Stark, Tuscarawas, and Wayne counties, plus a Sugarcreek Township in Greene County.

## Government

The township is governed by a three-member board of trustees, who are elected in November of odd-numbered years to a four-year term beginning on the following January 1. Two are elected in the year after the presidential election and one is elected in the year before it. There is also an elected township fiscal officer, who serves a four-year term beginning on April 1 of the year after the election, which is held in November of the year before the presidential election. Vacancies in the fiscal officership or on the board of trustees are filled by the remaining trustees.
# Bold-striped tit-babbler

The bold-striped tit-babbler (Mixornis bornensis) is a species of Old World babbler found in Southeast Asia.

## Description

The bold-striped tit-babbler has a distinctive yellowish supercilium and rufous crown. The throat is yellowish with brown streaks.
Call is a loud repeated chonk-chonk-chonk-chonk-chonk somewhat reminiscent of a common tailorbird.

## Distribution

The bold-striped tit-babbler is found in Borneo and Java.

## Behaviour

Bold-striped tit-babblers forage in small flocks and creep and clamber in low vegetation. They breed in the pre-monsoon season from February to July and build a loose ball-shaped nest made from grasses and leaves.
# Sam by Starck

Sam by Starck was a 32-foot (9.8 m) abstract statue by Philippe Starck in Las Vegas. The work was removed in 2019.
# Dormition (disambiguation)

Dormition may refer to:
* Dormition of the Mother of God, a major religious feast in Eastern Christianity
* Dormition of Saint Anne, a minor religious feast in Eastern Christianity
# Constitution Convention Museum State Park

Constitution Convention Museum State Park is a Florida State Park located just outside Port St. Joe, off US 98, in northwestern Florida. The 14-acre (57,000 m$^2$) park contains a museum with examples of 19th-century life in the former town of St. Joseph, and features life-sized figures with audio presentations about the state's first Constitutional Convention. The address is 200 Allen Memorial Way.

## History

Founded in 1835 and gone by 1844, St. Joseph is notable for being the site of the first Constitutional Convention of the state of Florida in 1838. It was selected over Tallahassee (at the time the territorial capital) due to promoters of the town, as well as conflict between East Florida and Middle Florida. The more affluent Middle Floridians had long been proponents of statehood. However, the people of East and West Florida believed a state government could not yet be financially supported, so they wished Florida to remain a territory.
A group of territorial delegates met finally in St. Joseph, working from December 3, 1838, through January 11, 1839, to create the initial draft of Florida's constitution. Four more conventions were held in other locations, and Florida joined the Union in 1845, but St. Joseph has the distinction of being where Florida's statehood began.

## Recreational activities

Besides the historical displays of town life, the park's museum also has a reproduction of the original convention hall with audio-animated life-sized recreations of some of the delegates. Visitors can see and hear facsimiles of Territorial Governors Robert Reid and William P. Duval, Senator David Y. Levy and Attorney Thomas L. Baltzell debating and framing the early constitution of Florida.
# Del Conte

Del Conte may also refer to:

## People

* Jacopino del Conte (1510–1598), Italian Mannerist painter, active in both Rome and Florence.
* Anna Del Conte (born 1925), Italian-born food writer whose works cover the history of food as well as providing recipes.
* Natali Morris (née Del Conte; born 1978), American online media personality and businesswoman

## Places

* Villa del Conte, an Italian municipality of the province of Padua, Veneto.
* Case del Conte, an Italian village and hamlet of Montecorice (SA), Campania.
# Thomas Covered Bridge

Thomas Covered Bridge may refer to:
* Oakachoy Covered Bridge in Alabama
* Thomas Covered Bridge (Pennsylvania) in Indiana County
# Wreathed cactus snail

The wreathed cactus snail (Xerarionta redimita) is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusc in the family Helminthoglyptidae. This species is endemic to the United States.
# Sugar Creek Township, Ohio

Sugar Creek Township, Ohio may refer to:
* Sugar Creek Township, Allen County, Ohio
* Sugar Creek Township, Putnam County, Ohio
* Sugar Creek Township, Stark County, Ohio
* Sugar Creek Township, Tuscarawas County, Ohio
* Sugar Creek Township, Wayne County, Ohio
Note, there is also a single word version of Sugar Creek: