OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Werner Kurz

Werner Kurz is a Canadian research scientist at Canada's Pacific Forestry Centre in Victoria, British Columbia. He is leading the development of an accounting system to assess potential climate change known as the National Forest Carbon Accounting System for Canada. Currently, his research focuses on using forest land to its maximum carbon efficiency, reducing the impact of natural disasters, and managing forests. Kurz holds a PhD in forest ecology from the University of British Columbia. He has made significant contributions to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and the work of the IPCC (including the contributions of many scientists) was recognized by the joint award of the 2007 Nobel Peace Prize.

## Areas of Research
### Mountain Pine Beetles

One subject of Kurz's research is the effect of mountain pine beetles (Dendroctonus ponderosae) on forest ecosystems. His most recent research into this topic is the recent outbreak of mountain pine beetles in the forests of British Columbia. Due to the warmer climate of recent years, the beetles have been able to get to higher latitudes and have less die off during the winter. This has resulted in the largest-ever recorded outbreak of this insect. More than 32 million acres of forest have been killed by this outbreak since 2000. The beetle outbreak affects carbon dioxide emissions in two main ways. First, trees that are destroyed release carbon dioxide when they decompose which increases the levels of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Second, fewer trees are healthy and able to pull greenhouse gases out of the atmosphere. Research done by Kurz and his team show that if a solution is not found by 2020 the beetles will have killed enough forest to equal five years of carbon dioxide emissions from all the automobiles in Canada.

## Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change

Kurz contributed to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reports including the 2019 Special Report on Climate Change and Land (SRCCL). His IPCC contributions and that of many scientists, was recognized by the joint award of the 2007 Nobel Peace Prize.
# USS Potomac (1822)

USS Potomac was a frigate in the United States Navy laid down by the Washington Navy Yard in August 1819 and launched in March 1822. Fitting out was not completed until 1831, when Captain John Downes assumed command as first commanding officer. Although called a "44" 1st class, she was built to mount 32 carronades on her spar deck, 30 long guns on her gun deck, two bow and three stern chasers on each of these decks, significantly under-rating her on the rating system of the Royal Navy.

## Service history

On her first overseas cruise, Potomac departed New York 19 August 1831 for the Pacific Squadron via the Cape of Good Hope on the first Sumatran Expedition. On 6 February 1832, Potomac destroyed the town of Kuala Batee in retaliation for the capture there in February of the previous year of the American merchantman Friendship, which had been recaptured and returned to Salem to report the murder of many of her crew. Of Potomac's 282 sailors and Marines who landed, two were killed while 150 natives died, including Mahomet, the chieftain. After circumnavigating the world, Potomac returned to Boston 23 May 1834.
The frigate next made two cruises to the Brazil Station, protecting American interests in Latin America from 20 October 1834 to 5 March 1837, and from 12 May 1840 to 31 July 1842. From 8 December 1844 to 4 December 1845, she patrolled in the West Indies, and again from 14 March 1846 to 20 July 1847 in the Caribbean and the Gulf. During this latter period, she landed troops at Port Isabel, Texas, on 8 May 1846 in support of General Zachary Taylor's army at the Battle of Palo Alto. She also participated in the siege of Vera Cruz, 9 to 28 March 1847.
Potomac served as flagship for the Home Squadron 1855–1856. At the outbreak of the American Civil War, she departed from New York City on 10 September 1861 for the West Gulf Blockading Squadron off Mobile Bay. At this time, William Thomas Sampson served aboard her until 25 December 1861 when he transferred to the USS Water Witch as executive officer. Black Nova Scotian sailor Benjamin Jackson also served onboard until he was reassigned to the USS Richmond. The Potomac became the stores ship for the squadron and remained at Pensacola Navy Yard as a receiving ship until 1867, when she was sent to Philadelphia. She remained at League Island Navy Yard until her decommissioning on 13 January 1877. She was sold to E. Stannard & Company 24 May 1877.
# Raima Islam Shimu

Raima Islam Shimu (c. 1977 or 1987 – after 16 January 2022) was a Bangladeshi actress, film producer and director. She who has starred in 24 films and numerous TV dramas since 1998. Shimu disappeared on 16 January 2022, and she was later murdered.

## Early life and career

Shimu was born in Barisal in c. 1977 or 1987.
Her first film was Bartaman (1998), directed by Kazi Hayat. Her final film appearance was in Jamai Shashur (2002).

## Murder

Shimu went missing on January 16, 2022. Shimu's husband Sakhawat Ali Nobel was depressed due to various reasons including closure of business. He gradually became suspicious of his wife being unfaithful. This led to marital quarrels, which eventually led to her death by her husband. Shimu reported her husband being abusive to the police sometimes earlier her death. Her husband and his friend planned and executed the murder, and later confessed to the police on January 19. Her dismembered dead body was found by police in Keraniganj Upazila in Dhaka District on 17 January 2022. The body was kept in the morgue of Sir Salimullah Medical College.
# Wall House

Wall House may refer to: (sorted by state, then city/town)
* Sollner-Wall House, Tallahassee, Florida, listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) in Leon County
* Wall-Ratzlaff House, Buhler, Kansas, listed on the NRHP in Reno County
* Judge T. B. Wall House, Wichita, Kansas, listed on the NRHP in Sedgwick County
* Wall House (Clinton, Louisiana), listed on the NRHP in East Feliciana Parish
* Comins-Wall House, Southbridge, Massachusetts, NRHP-listed
* Wall-Seppanen House, Iron River, Michigan, NRHP-listed
* Carlton D. Wall House, Plymouth, Michigan, NRHP-listed
* Taylor-Wall-Yancy House, Sardis, Mississippi, listed on the NRHP in Panola County
* George Wall House, Durham, North Carolina
* George W. Wall House, Wallburg, North Carolina, listed on the NRHP in Davidson County
* Wall House (Elkins Park, Pennsylvania), NRHP-listed
* B.C. Wall House, North Augusta, South Carolina, NRHP-listed
* Adam Wall House, Prices Fork, Virginia, NRHP-listed
* Thomas R. Wall Residence, Oshkosh, Wisconsin, listed on the NRHP in Winnebago County
# Saint-Jean-sur-Tourbe

Saint-Jean-sur-Tourbe (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Marne department in north-eastern France.
# Christopher Barnard

Christopher Barnard may refer to:
* Chris Barnard (footballer) (born 1947), Welsh footballer
* Christopher J. Barnard (1952–2007), British evolutionary biologist
# Vargic

Vargic is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Ivan Vargić (born 1987), Croatian footballer
* Martin Vargic (born 1998), Slovak artist
# Boghe

Boghe may refer to :
* the lead vocalist of a Sardinian tenores ensemble, according to the article Italian music terminology
* a town in the Brakna region of Mauritania
# Zofia Szeptycka

Zofia Ludwika Cecylia Konstancja Szeptycka de domo Fredro (27 May 1837, Lviv — 17 April 1904, Prylbychi), was a Polish poet and painter. The mother of Andrey Sheptytsky, O.S.B.M., the Metropolitan Archbishop of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church (1900–1944), and of the Blessed Hieromartyr Klymentiy Sheptytsky, MSU, an archimandrite of the Order of Studite monks of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church.

## Biography

Born in the family of Polish playwright Aleksander Fredro. She was educated in Paris and Vienna. In 1855, she was close to the workers of the Hôtel Lambert. In 1856–1861 lived in Lviv, in October 1861 engaged with Jan Kanty Szeptycki. She had seven sons, two of whom died at an early age: Stefan (1862-1864) and Jerzy Piotr (1863-1880). She was a very religious, which deeply influenced her sons to make a decision to serve God. Roman Aleksander Maria later became a monk and took a name Andrey; and Kazimierz Maria became a Studite monk, under a name Klymentiy. Her other son, Stanisław Maria Jan, graduated from the Vienna Military Academy, and then became a general of the Polish Army. Aleksander Maria [pl] was a landowner, Leon Józef Maria [pl] was also a landowner, living in the family residence of Prylbychi. Leon and his wife were fusilladed by the NKVD in September 1939, in Prylbychi. Aleksander was killed by the Gestapo in 1940, in Zamość.

## Works

Zofia Szeptycka was a painter, who produced portraits of her father, mother, brother and a self-portrait created by her, which are placed in her books, as exhibits. The paintings created by her decorated Catholic churches in Lviv, Kraków, Zhovkva and other places. For the Bernardine Church, Lviv, she painted the portrait of John of Dukla, where the Saint is buried.
Zofia Szeptycka is the author of a number of stories and essays, written as for her family diary. In 1900–1903 she published the book "Memories of the Past Years". In 1904, after her death, newspapers "Gazeta Narodowa" and the Krakówian "Przegląd Polski" for the first time published her stories. She wrote memories about Andrey Sheptytsky's youth years. The two-volume collection of the "Letters" by Zofia Szeptycka was published in Kraków in 1906–1907.
She died on 17 April 1904. Buried in Prylbychi's family land.

## Literature

* Barbara Lasocka: Aleksander Fredro. Drogi życia, Oficyna Wydawnicza Errata, Warszawa 2001, ISBN 83-913140-4-9.
* Zbigniew Kuchowicz: Al. Fredro we fraku i w szlafroku. Osobowość i życie prywatne – Łódź: KAW, 1989.
* Zofia Szeptycka: Młodość i powołanie ojca Romana Andrzeja Szeptyckiego zakonu św. Bazylego Wielkiego, oprac. Bogdan Zakrzewski, Wrocław: Towarzystwo Przyjaciół Polonistyki Wrocł., 1993.
* Zofia Szeptycka: Wspomnienia z lat ubiegłych, przyg. do druku, wstępem i przypisami opatrzył B. Zakrzewski, Wrocław: Zakł. Nar. im. Ossolińskich, 1967.
# Western Approaches

The Western Approaches is an approximately rectangular area of the Atlantic Ocean lying immediately to the west of Ireland and parts of Great Britain. Its north and south boundaries are defined by the corresponding extremities of Britain. The coast of the mainland forms the eastern side and the western boundary is the 30 degree meridian, which passes through Iceland. The area is particularly important to the United Kingdom, because many of its larger shipping ports lie within it.
The term is most commonly used when discussing naval warfare, notably during the Napoleonic Wars, the First World War and the Battle of the Atlantic during the Second World War in which Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine attempted to blockade the United Kingdom using submarines (U-boats) operating in this area. Since almost all shipping to and from the United Kingdom passed through this area, it was an excellent hunting ground and had to be heavily defended.
# USS Itasca II

USS Itasca II (SP-803) was a United States Navy patrol vessel in commission from 1917 to 1918.
Itasca II was built as a private motorboat of the same name in 1911 by the Hudson Yacht & Boat Building Company at Nyack, New York. On 29 May 1918, the U.S. Navy acquired her under a free lease from her owner, E. B. Hawkins of Duluth, Minnesota, for use as a section patrol boat during World War I. She was commissioned as USS Itasca II (SP-803) on 13 July 1918.
Assigned to the 3rd Naval District and based at New York City, Itasca II served on harbor and section patrol duties for the rest of World War I and into 1919.
Itasca II was decommissioned on 6 February 1919 and returned to Hawkins
# Brian O'Malley

Brian Kevin O'Malley (22 January 1930 – 6 April 1976) was a British Labour Party politician.
O'Malley was educated at Mexborough Grammar School and Manchester University. He was a teacher and lecturer and a trade union official. From 1959 to 1961 he taught at the Percy Jackson Grammar School.
O'Malley was elected Member of Parliament for Rotherham in a 1963 by-election. He served as a government whip from 1964 to 1969. He was junior Health and Social Security Minister from 1969 to 1970, and became Minister of State for that department in 1974.
O'Malley's crowning achievement was obtaining cross-party support for a new State pension scheme (after two aborted attempts by previous governments) and steering through Parliament the bill to implement what became the State Earnings Related Pension Scheme (SERPS). While the Secretary of State Barbara Castle took public credit for it, O'Malley was responsible for its substance.
O'Malley's career was cut short by his death in 1976 at the age of 46, following complications after brain surgery. Stanley Crowther was elected as his successor in the subsequent by-election.
# Barry Furrow

Barry R. Furrow is an American lawyer, currently at Drexel University and was former Editor-in-Chief of The Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics.
# Women's Professional Soccer All-Star Game

The WPS All-Star Game was founded in the league's inaugural season, originally modeled after the MLS All-Star Game, where the WPS All-Star team play against a club team from a level-one league from another country, though this changed as of the second year to feature two teams of WPS All-Star players.
WPS All-Stars are chosen either by being voted on to the starting eleven(s), or by being selected by the league. Voting is equally weighted between fans, media, players, and coaches (25% each), while the 'at-large' selections are chosen by the WPS Commissioner, currently Anne-Marie Eileraas. The All-Star head coach(es) are chosen by the players.

## History
### 2009

The inaugural WPS All-Star game, held in St. Louis, was won by the WPS All-Stars 4-2, after falling 0-2 to Umeå IK by the 17th minute. Both teams were missing multiple players, because the EURO was taking place at the same time. WPS in fact had 20 players in the game, as two ex-Umeå players (Östberg and Frisk) suited up for their former team. Marta, also an ex-Umeå player, was incredibly impressive the whole game, notching one goal and two assists for WPS, apart from constantly making fast runs and drawing multiple defenders.

### 2010

During the off-season, it was decided that the 2010 All-Star game would take place mid-season instead of postseason, the date set to June 30, and held in Atlanta. Instead of facing a club team from another country's league, there were two teams of WPS All-Stars. In a novel process, Abby Wambach and Marta were elected team captains by the voting process, and were allowed to choose their teammates in a playground pick-'em style. Marta's XI defeated Abby's XI by a score of 5-2 (HT 3-1).

### 2011

Due to the 2011 FIFA Women's World Cup, the All-Star game was not held after the 2011 season. The new commissioner Anne-Marie Eileraas (who took over for Tonya Antonucci after the 2010 WPS final) cited that the likely All-Star players will already be stretched thin with national team duties.

## Results

| Year | Date | Winning Team | Score | Losing Team | Stadium | City | Attendance |
| 2009 | 8/30 | WPS All-Stars | 4 - 2 | Umeå IK | Soccer Park | Fenton, Missouri | 4,115 |
| 2010 | 6/30 | Marta's XI | 5 - 2 | Abby's XI | KSU Soccer Stadium | Kennesaw, Georgia | 4,610 |

## Records

* Most All-Star goals: Marta and Christine Sinclair (3)
* Most All-Star assists: Marta and Cristiane (2)
* Biggest Win: Three goals, Marta's XI 5-2 Abby's XI (2010)
* Highest attendance: 4610
* Average attendance: 4363
# Christopher Barnes

Christopher Barnes may refer to:
* Christopher Daniel Barnes (born 1972), American actor and writer
* Christopher O. Barnes (born 1986), American chemist
* Christopher Barnes (cricketer) (1833–1884), English cricketer and British Army officer
# Pseudochromis pictus

Pseudochromis pictus, the painted dottyback, is a species of ray-finned fish in the family Pseudochromidae. It is found in the western-central Pacific Ocean.

## Description

Pseudochromis pictus reaches a standard length of 8.3 cm (3.3 in).
# First Rosetti cabinet

The first cabinet of Theodor Rosetti was the government of Romania from 22 March to 11 November 1888.

## Ministers

The ministers of the cabinet were as follows:
* President of the Council of Ministers:
   * Theodor Rosetti (22 March - 11 November 1888)
* Minister of the Interior:
   * Theodor Rosetti (22 March - 11 November 1888)
* Minister of Foreign Affairs:
   * Petre P. Carp (22 March - 11 November 1888)
* Minister of Finance:
   * Menelas Ghermani (22 March - 11 November 1888)
* Minister of Justice:
   * Alexandru Marghiloman (22 March - 11 November 1888)
* Minister of War:
   * Gen. Constantin Barozzi (22 March - 11 November 1888)
* Minister of Religious Affairs and Public Instruction:
   * Titu Maiorescu (22 March - 11 November 1888)
* Minister of Public Works:
   * Alexandru B. Știrbei (22 March - 11 November 1888)
* Minister of Agriculture, Trade, Industry and Commerce:
   * (interim) Titu Maiorescu (22 March - 4 June 1888)
   * (interim) Petre P. Carp (4 June - 11 November 1888)
# Póvoa de Varzim Parish

Póvoa de Varzim is a former Portuguese civil parish, located in the city of Póvoa de Varzim. It is the core of the city of Póvoa de Varzim and until the new city limits established in 1995 it was the single parish that made up the city. In the census of 2011, it had a population of 28,420 inhabitants and a total area of 5.25 km$^2$. A 2012 law merged the parish with neighbouring Argivai and Beiriz, becoming the southern parish of the city of Póvoa de Varzim, known as União das Freguesias da Póvoa de Varzim, Beiriz e Argivai.
Póvoa de Varzim is densely populated. The medieval town of Varzim was a knights honour and the Port of Varzim was disputed between the local lordship and the early Portuguese kings.
Religiously speaking, there is no Póvoa de Varzim parish; it was divided into three parishes in 1935, parochial identity of its main quarters (Bairro Norte, Bairro Sul and Bairro da Matriz) predate this event. Póvoa de Varzim ecclesiastical parish (Santa Maria de Varzim Parish) existed only between 1456 and 1935. Prior to that, and despite the existence of a chapel, it was part of a larger Argivai parish, that still exists as a separate although diminished parish in the city.

## Geography

The area of the parish of Póvoa de Varzim is today practically totally urbanized and completely transformed by man. The former Póvoa Bay (Enseada da Póvoa), is the modern Port of Póvoa de Varzim, former small rivers existed in the city, as some excavations near the Casino suggest. Praça do Almada, the civic center square, was the location of the Boído Lagoon in Póvoa Bay. In the Northern high-rise district, another lagoon existed until the 20th century.
Historically, the city was formed by three urban quarters: Bairro da Matriz (14th century), Bairro Sul (17th century) and Bairro Norte (19th century), these are still the most important and the most beloved neighbourhoods by the population, as living in their area is not a requirement to one being considered part of it. Over time, other neighbourhoods started to be created. These and others areas had been inhabited from much earlier.
Its Atlantic waters were very popular for thalassotherapy until the mid-20th century, due to large amounts of algae and iodine.

### City districts

The parish of Póvoa de Varzim contains nine of the eleven city districts:
* Agro-Velho (south part)
* Bairro Norte
* Centro
* Bairro Sul
* Parque da Cidade (a very small part of it, known as Montgeron after the sister French town)
* Barreiros
* Giesteira (part)
* Gândara (west part)
* Bairro da Matriz/Bairro da Mariadeira
# Dead Indian

Dead Indian may refer to:
* Dead Indian Campsite, an archeological site in Wyoming
* Dead Indian Creek (Oregon)
* Dead Indian Creek (Wyoming)
* Dead Indian Pass, a mountain pass in Wyoming
* Dead Indian Soda Springs
# Ramble Dove

Ramble Dove is a Burlington, Vermont-based supergroup comprising key members of that scene, instigated by Brett R. Hughes, which includes Phish bassist Mike Gordon. The band, which was born out of Hughes' weekly Radio Bean honky tonk jam sessions, performs honky-tonk and vintage country music. A great number of Vermont luminaries join Hughes on stage for these weekly jam sessions, including Mike Gordon, Page McConnell, Gordon Stone, Scott Murawski, Marie Claire, Mark Ransom, Mark Spencer, Russ Lawton, Benny Yurco, Tyler Bolles, Sean Preece, Brett Lanier, Leon Campos, Bryan Dondero, Ian Wade, Kelly Ravin, Paddy Reagan, Noah and Justin Crowther, Joe Clearly and Neil Cleary. In the summer of 2006, the group performed at Tennessee's Bonnaroo festival.
# Waldemar Pförtsch

Waldemar Pförtsch (born 19 September 1951) is a German professor, management advisor and specialized book author for business administration and international management.

## Life

Pförtsch holds academic degrees in business administration and economics and obtained his Doctoral Degree in Social sciences at the Free University of Berlin. He was an advisor to the United Nations Industrial Development Organization and has been working for international consulting firms for years.
After several professorships, among others as professor for International Marketing at the university of Villingen-Schwenningen, Germany (1998–2000), visiting professor at the "Kellogg Graduate School of Management", Northwestern University and Lecturer for Strategic Management at the "Lake Forest Graduate School of Management", he is currently professor for International Business at Pforzheim University of Applied Sciences and visiting professor for the executive MBA Program at the Liautaud Graduate School of Business, University of Illinois in Chicago as well as at the ITT Illinois Institute of Technology. From September 2007 to 2010 he was Marketing Professor, followed by a Research fellowship until 2011 and a position as visiting professor for Business Marketing at the China Europe International Business School (CEIBS) in Shanghai. Waldemar Pförtsch has written a number of specialized books in English and German on Marketing, International Management and Strategic Management, the latest being with US Marketing Guru Philip Kotler on B2B-Marketing, and with Indrajanto Müller on Ingredient Branding. Furthermore, he has published numerous articles in German, English and Chinese. Pförtsch is married, has three children and lives in Stuttgart, Germany.

## Publications

* Arthur Yeung, Katherine Xin, Waldemar Pförtsch, Shengjun Liu: The Globalization of Chinese Companies – Strategies for Conquering International Markets, Wiley (2011) ISBN 978-0470828786
* Philip Kotler, Waldemar Pförtsch: Ingredient Branding – Making the Invisible Visible, Springer Berlin (2012) ISBN 978-3642042133
* Robert Vitale, Waldemar Pförtsch, Joseph Gigierano: Business to Business Marketing, Prentice Hall (2010) ISBN 978-0136058281
* Philip Kotler, Waldemar Pförtsch, Ines Michi: Business-to-Business Brand Management – The Success Dimensions of Business Brands, Springer Berlin (2006) ISBN 3540253602
* Waldemar Pförtsch, Indrajanto Müller: Die Marke in der Marke – Bedeutung und Macht des Ingredient Branding, Springer Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New York (2006) ISBN 3-54030-057-0
* Klaus Koziol, Waldemar Pförtsch, und Steffen Heil: Social Marketing. Erfolgreiche Marketingkonzepte für non-profit Organisationen, Schäffer-Poeschel (2006) ISBN 3791025112
* Waldemar Pförtsch, Michael Schmid: B2B-Markenmanagement. Konzepte – Methoden – Fallbeispiele, Vahlen (2005) ISBN 380063144X
* Waldemar Pförtsch: Mit Strategie ins Internet. Qualifizierung als Chance für Unternehmen, BW Bildung und Wissen (2002) ISBN 3821476036
* Ekbert Hering, Waldemar Pförtsch, Peter Wordelmann: Internationalisierung des Mittelstandes, Bertelsmann Bielefeld (2001) ISBN 3763909265