OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Three Rivers, Prince Edward Island

Three Rivers is a town within Kings County in Prince Edward Island that was incorporated on September 28, 2018, through an amalgamation of seven municipalities and adjacent unincorporated areas. The municipalities that were amalgamated included two towns – Georgetown and Montague – and five rural municipalities – Brudenell, Cardigan, Lorne Valley, Lower Montague, and Valleyfield.

## Demographics

In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Three Rivers had a population of 7,883 living in 3,246 of its 3,936 total private dwellings, a change of 10% from its 2016 population of 7,169. With a land area of 431.47 km$^2$ (166.59 sq mi), it had a population density of 18.3/km$^2$ (47.3/sq mi) in 2021.
| Name | Former municipal status | Original incorporation year | 2016 Census of Population | 2016 Census of Population | 2016 Census of Population | 2016 Census of Population | 2016 Census of Population |
| Name | Former municipal status | Original incorporation year | Population (2016) | Population (2011) | Change | Land area (km$^2$) | Population density |
| Brudenell | Rural municipality | 1973 | 371 | 362 | +2.5% | 20.4 | 18.2/km$^2$ |
| Cardigan | Rural municipality | 1954 | 269 | 332 | −19.0% | 5.12 | 52.5/km$^2$ |
| Georgetown | Town | 1912 | 555 | 675 | −17.8% | 1.59 | 349.1/km$^2$ |
| Lorne Valley | Rural municipality | 1978 | 95 | 106 | −10.4% | 17.7 | 5.4/km$^2$ |
| Lower Montague | Rural municipality | 1974 | 598 | 665 | −10.1% | 21.8 | 27.4/km$^2$ |
| Montague | Town | 1917 | 1,961 | 1,895 | +3.5% | 3.16 | 620.6/km$^2$ |
| Valleyfield | Rural municipality | 1974 | 670 | 672 | −0.3% | 78.6 | 8.5/km$^2$ |
| Total former municipalities | – | – | 4,519 | 4,707 | −4.0% | 148.37 | 30.5/km$^2$ |

## Government

The Town of Three Rivers was governed by an interim council comprising an interim mayor (Merrill Scott) and ten interim councillors. Seven of these interim councillors were the former mayors of the two towns and the five rural municipalities, while the three others were provincially-appointed representatives of the previously unincorporated areas. The first election for a mayor and twelve councillors was held on November 5, 2018, resulting in Edward MacAulay being selected as mayor and Jane King, Alan Munro, Gerard Holland, Ronnie Nicholson, Cameron MacLean, David McGrath, Cindy MacLean, Cody Jenkins, Isaac MacIntyre, Debbie Johnston, John MacFarlane, Wayne Spin as council members.
Three byelections took place between the 2018 and 2022 elections. MacIntyre resigned and his seat was won by Paul Morrison. Spin's resignation led to a byelection won by Larry Creed. Nicholson later resigned and was replaced by Hannah Martens.
As of the November 2022 municipal election, the size of council was reduced from 12 to 8. Johnston was elected as mayor and Munro, MacLean, Jenkins and MacFarlane remained on council. Spin returned to the fold while Anne Van Donkersgoed, John Van Dyke and Martina MacDonald were newly elected.
# Anne Rimmer

Anne Rimmer (born 1947) is a New Zealand conservationist and writer. In 2005 she won a Montana Book Award.

## Biography

Rimmer has been a guide on the open sanctuary island, Tiritiri Matangi Island, near Auckland, for over 20 years. She wrote a book about the island, Tiritiri Matangi: a model of conservation, which won a Montana Book Award in 2005. A follow-up supplement Tiritiri Matangi 2005-2020 was self-published in 2021. Both books are available from the island's online shop.
# Glisodin

Glisodin is the registered trademark of a nutritional supplement based on two constituents:
* Cantaloupe extract, which typically contains high quantities of the enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD)
* Gliadin, a wheat protein designed to protect SOD during the digestive process

## Background

As oxygen metabolizes in the body, potentially harmful reactive oxygen species (ROS) are created. The human body implements an antioxidant defense system to protect against ROS. In the event that these defenses are overpowered by the ROS, cell damage results (which is a major cause of aging in the body).
Superoxide dismutase (SOD) helps to slow the creation of ROS, ultimately playing a key role in the defense against cell damage. However, due to a very fragile molecular structure, it is particularly prone to damage from stomach acids and digestive enzymes when taken orally. Gliadin, which is well known as a carrier protein for controlled drug release, helps to protect SOD.

## Research

A wide range of clinical research has been undertaken to study glisodin's antioxidant capacities. This has extended into a wide range of applications, including protection from ultraviolet radiation, athletic performance, cardiovascular health, ischemia and reperfusion injury.
A group of researchers in France and Germany led by Dr. Claus Muth concluded that glisodin is helpful in protecting against DNA damage caused by hyperbaric oxidation. A 2005 study at Rutgers University also concluded that glisodin is helpful in enhancing athletic performance while minimizing fatigue.
# Association of Business Historians

The Association of Business Historians is a British learned society focused on business history and the history of companies, concerned with "the study of all aspects of the historical development of enterprise, businesses and business activity generally and their inter-relationship with the social, cultural, economic and political environment."
In 2009 it was one of The National Archives' partners in the production of a National Strategy for Business Archives (England and Wales) (2009).

## Activities

The association organises an annual conference and an annual Tony Slaven Doctoral Workshop, named for Tony Slaven, one of the association's founders. It awards the annual Coleman Prize, named for business historian D. C. Coleman, for a recent Ph.D. thesis in the area of business history, and the Tony Slaven Grant.

## History

The Association of Business Historians was founded in 1990 to promote the study of business history, following on from the activities of the Business Archives Council, established in 1934.
The first meeting to establish a British organisation for business history took place on 27 September 1989, in the new premises of the Centre for Business History in Glasgow. A pre-committee was formed at the meeting to develop a constitution, plan elections and launch a new association, consisting of Tony Slaven, Geoff Jones, Terry Gourvish, Derek Oddy and Oliver Westall.
The objective of the Association of Business Historians was "to promote the study, teaching and publication of all aspects of the history of business and industry, and of the environment in which they operate." The first elections were held in September 1990, and the first council was formed of Derek Oddy (President), Geoff Jones (Vice President), Tony Slaven (Secretary Treasurer), Terry Gourvish (Newsletter Editor), Mary Rose (Membership Secretary) and David Jeremy as Council Member.
The first conference took place on 27–28 September 1991 at the Centre for Business History in Scotland, exactly two years after the first meeting, and became a biennial series of meetings until 2000.
The association's Ph.D. prize was introduced in 1997 at the joint British/American conference held in Glasgow. In 2000 the prize became annual and was named the Coleman Prize. Each year the prize winner joins the council to ensure that new researchers become embedded in the networks and practices of the association.
The Association of British Historians also had an early influence on the formation of the European Business History Association. Discussions began in 1993 between Geoff Jones, Tony Slaven and Hans Pohl, and were extended to include Mary Rose, Keetie Sluytermann, Rolv Petter Amdam and Per Boje at a meeting in Glasgow in the autumn of 1993. A series of meetings followed in Bonn, Rotterdam and Reading. The EBHA was formally launched at the business history conference in Rotterdam in October 1994, with its inaugural conference following in Gothenburg in August 1996.
# Anteroventral periventricular nucleus

The anteroventral periventricular nucleus (AVPV) is a small cluster of cells located in the preoptic area of hypothalamus of the brain that is abundant in nuclear hormone receptors in a sexually dimorphic manner, strongly implicated, in rat models, as being neonatally imprinted and subsequently controlling sex-typical physiology and behaviors. This nucleus or cluster of cells is typically of bigger size in females than males, contrary to the sexually dimorphic nucleus (SDN) that is bigger in males.
In rats and mice, the AVPV plus the periventricular nucleus make up the rostral periventricular region of the third ventricle (RP3V). This area is full of kisspeptin-expressing neurons and is involved in regulating GnRH neurons, and is responsible for the LH surge in female mice.
# Ofafa

Ofafa is a southeastern neighborhood of Nairobi, Kenya in a low income, high-density area generally known as the Eastlands. Politically it belongs to Makadara Constituency. In the mid-1950s the Quakers erected a building in Ofafa to act as a hub for individual craftspeople making and selling furniture. It is also known for its Jericho school.
Early housing estates there were part of Erica Mann's planning work in the 1940s and 1950s. The Ofafa Jerusalem scheme created two-storey blocks of maisonettes that were connected to the electrical supply, had an internal water supply and sanitation, and were surrounded by ample open space. The 1950s Ofafa Jericho estate was built in a similar style but now houses about 50,000 people: five times more than it was intended for. People are living in poor quality iron sheet extensions and water and waste management are inadequate.
Ofafa was named after Ambrose Ofafa, a prominent politician who received a Colonial Service award on the 1953 Coronation Honours list, and was murdered in November of the same year.
# Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire

Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire (TPQ) is a personality test. It was devised by C. Robert Cloninger. A newer version of the questionnaire is called Temperament and Character Inventory.
As the name indicates TPQ seeks to measure three dimensions (traits) of the personality. These personality traits are novelty seeking, harm avoidance and reward dependence. Each have four subscales. There are 100 true-false questions which form the basis for the computation of the traits.
The personality test also exists in Chinese, French and German versions.

## Neurobiology

| Temperament | Neurotransmitter system |
| Novelty seeking | Low dopaminergic activity |
| Harm avoidance | High serotonergic activity |
| Reward dependence | Low noradrenergic activity |
Cloninger suggested that the three dimensions, novelty seeking, harm avoidance, and reward dependence, were correlated with low basal dopaminergic activity, high serotonergic activity, and low basal noradrenergic activity, respectively. Much research has gone into examining these links, e.g., with personality genetics.
# Silmiougou, Boulgou

Silmiougou is a village in the Tenkodogo Department of Boulgou Province in south-eastern Burkina Faso. As of 2005, the village has a population of 685.
# USS Luce Bros.

USS Luce Bros. (SP-846) was a United States Navy patrol vessel in commission from 1917 to 1919.
Luce Bros. was built as a commercial "Menhaden Fisherman"-type fishing trawler of the same name in 1877 by the Alberton & Douglas Machine Company at New London, Connecticut. She was rebuilt in 1912-1913 by the White Shipbuilding Company at Sharptown, Maryland.
On 3 May 1917, the U.S. Navy acquired Luce Bros. from her owner, the Dennis Fish & Oil Company of Cape Charles, Virginia, for use as a section patrol boat during World War I. The Navy took delivery of her in July 1917, and she was commissioned at Berkley, Virginia, as USS Luce Bros. (SP-846) on 9 August 1917.
Assigned to the 5th Naval District and based at Norfolk, Virginia, Luce Bros. served in the Norfolk and Hampton Roads area on harbor patrol and guard ship duty and in naval intelligence operations for the rest of World War I.
Luce Bros. was decommissioned on 24 January 1919 and returned to the Dennis Fish & Oil Company on 28 March 1919.
# Carpal articulations

Carpal articulations may refer to the following in the wrist:
* Carpometacarpal joint
* Intercarpal joints
# Oxford Dictionary of World Religions

The Oxford Dictionary of World Religions is a reference work edited by John Bowker and published by Oxford University Press in the year 1997. It contains over 8,200 entries by leading authorities in the field of religious studies containing a topic index of 13,000 headings. There are over 80 contributors from 13 countries.
The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions is an abbreviated version of the work which appeared in the year 2000.
# Alessandro Borghi (bishop)

Alessandro Borghi (1559 – 9 August 1613) was a Roman Catholic prelate who served as Bishop of Sansepolcro (1598–1605).

## Biography

Alessandro Borghi was born in Modigliana, Italy in 1559. On 22 June 1598, he was appointed during the papacy of Pope Clement VIII as Bishop of Sansepolcro. He served as Bishop of Sansepolcro until his resignation in December 1605. He died on 9 August 1613.

## Episcopal succession

* Episcopal succession of Alessandro Borghi
* While bishop, he was the principal co-consecrator of:
* Guido Bentivoglio d'Aragona, Titular Archbishop of Colossae (1607);
* Ulpiano Volpi, Archbishop of Chieti (1609);
* Francesco Mottini, Bishop of Brugnato (1609);
* Antonio Cesonio, Bishop of Oppido Mamertina (1609);
* Benedetto Ala, Archbishop of Urbino (1610);
* Luca Semproni, Bishop of Città di Castello (1610);
* Rodolfo Paleotti, Bishop of Imola (1611);
* Francesco Piccolomini (bishop), Bishop of Grosseto (1611);
* Guillaume d'Hugues, Archbishop of Embrun (1612); and
* Denis-Simon de Marquemont, Archbishop of Lyon (1612).
# Alessandro Bonsanti

Alessandro Bonsanti (November 25, 1904 in Florence – February 17, 1984 in Florence) was a writer and Italian politician.

## Biography

Alessandro Bonsanti, writer, was born in Florence. Very young, after completing his studies, he moved to work in Milan, where he worked for three years as an employee at a local bank, collaborating in the magazine La Fiera Literaria, where he published his first Brigants story in Maremma.
Returning to Florence, he came into contact with the literary environment that animated Solaria (the European magazine, which existed from 1926 to 1936), who was a collaborator and director, publishing military narrative (1927) The loving servant (1929) and the whims of 'Adriana (1934), republished in distant Racconti 1962, texts of the past that have to do with a distant social history. In 1937 Bonsanti founded and assumed the direction of publishing at a magazine that collected the inheritance of Solaria.
In 1941 he took over as la direzione del Gabinetto scientifìco-letterario Vieusseux (Director of the Vieusseux Scientific-Literature Cabinet), left vacant by Eugenio Montale. This was a prestigious assignment that Bonsanti held with great willingness and firmness, making for almost forty years an untiring promoter of various cultural initiatives.
During the war, he published two books: Dialoghi e altre prose (Dialogues and Other Prose) (1940) and Introduzione al gran viaggio (Introduction to the Great Trip) (1944). The following year he assumed the position of Director of Il Mondo, which he himself founded with Eugenio Montale and Arturo Loria. Other books to remember are: La vipera e il toro (1955) and cavalli di bronzo (1956).
In recent years Bonsanti's interests were also addressed to active politics; in this period he was approaching the Republican Party of Spadolini and in 1983 was elected mayor of Florence, head of a pentapartito junta, which was not completed due to his death in 1984.
His daughter Sandra, a journalist, was a member of the Republic.
Alessandro Bonsanti is buried in the Cimitero delle Porte Sante in Florence.
He was nominated for the Strega Prize.

## Main works

* La serva amorosa, Firenze, 1929
* I capricci dell'Adriana, Firenze, 1934
* Racconto militare, Firenze, 1937
* Dialoghi e altre prose, Firenze, 1940
* Introduzione al gran viaggio, Roma, 1944
* La vipera e il toro, Firenze, 1955
* Sopra alcuni personaggi eventuali, Sarzana, 1956
* I cavalli di bronzo, Firenze, 1956
* Racconti lontani, Milano, 1962
* La buca di San Colombario, 4 vol., Milano, 1964–1973
* La nuova stazione di Firenze, Milano, 1965
* Teatro domestico, Milano, 1970
* Portolani d'agosto, Milano, 1978
# Ticho

Ticho may refer to:
* Ticho, Anna (1894–1980), a Jewish artist who became famous for her drawings of the Jerusalem hills
* Ticho, Ernst (1915–1996), Austrian-American psychoanalyst
* Ticho, Gertrude (1920–2004), Austrian-American psychoanalyst
* Ticho, Gobesa in Ethiopia
* Ticho House (Hebrew: בית טיכו, Beit Tikho) is a historical home in Jerusalem, Israel, now functioning as a museum
* Ticho Parly (1928–1993) Danish Heldentenor who sang leading roles in most of the major opera houses
* Ticho (album), by Ewa Farna
# Ngomedzap

Ngomedzap is a town and commune in Cameroon.
# HNLMS Urania

At least two ships of the Royal Netherlands Navy have been named HNLMS Urania after Urania, the muse of astronomy in Greek mythology:
* HNLMS Urania (1928), was a training ship of the Royal Netherlands Navy, served from 1938 to 2001.
* HNLMS Urania (2004), is a training ship of the Royal Netherlands Navy, entered service in 2004.
# Norfolk Municipal Auditorium

Norfolk Municipal Auditorium was a 5,200 seat multi-purpose arena and music venue in Norfolk, Virginia, USA that opened in May 1943. The arena was constructed after the City of Norfolk and the military found a need to construct an entertainment venue in the city after the population of the city doubled between 1938 and 1941 as a result of World War II-related military buildup.
The building remains standing but has been converted into a storage and administrative facility for the adjoining Harrison Opera House.

## History
### Construction

The building was constructed with combined funds from the City of Norfolk, who gave $245,000, and the Military, who allocated $278,000 from the Federal War Fund. The building, designed by architect Clarence Neff, contained a 3,000-person auditorium and sports arena and a 1,800-person theater.
The City of Norfolk took full ownership of the facility in 1947.

### Operation

The venue was host to a large variety of events: trade shows, conventions, industry events, concerts, high school and college graduations, plays, and the television studios of the predecessor to WTKR. Elvis Presley was one prominent act to play at the Norfolk Auditorium.
The venue also served as the alternate home to the William & Mary Indians basketball team; the Indians (now known as the Tribe) usually played one or two home games a year in Norfolk (away from their usual home at Blow Gymnasium in Williamsburg).

### Decline and renovation

The building began to fall out of use with the opening of the modern Norfolk Scope Arena in 1971. William & Mary stopped playing games in Norfolk and Old Dominion University (formerly known as the College of William and Mary in Norfolk) began playing its basketball games at the ODU Fieldhouse on its campus.
Nonetheless, the building saw a massive renovation in 1993 in order for the Virginia Opera, which was founded in 1974 by a group of community leaders organized by Edythe Harrison, to make use of the auditorium's Center Theater. The renovation, which cost around $10 million, added "a dynamic new facade, a three story grand lobby with floor to ceiling windows, glittering chandeliers, and an enclosed elegant staircase to the grand foyer and balcony levels." The theater-portion of the theater, with a new seating capacity of 1,632, was henceforth known as the Harrison Opera House.

### Current status

The old gymnasium and arena, which is still visibly attached to the back of the renovated Opera House, is no longer in use and now serves as a storage and construction area for the Virginia Opera as well as the location for the Opera's administrative offices.
# Nicholas Yonge

Nicholas Yonge (also spelled Young, Younge; c. 1560 in Lewes, Sussex – buried 23 October 1619 in St Michael, Cornhill, London) was an English singer and publisher. He is most famous for publishing the Musica transalpina (1588), the earliest collection of Italian madrigals with their words translated into English. The first of the Elizabethan madrigal anthologies, it was enormously popular, and began a vogue for the composition and performance of madrigals in England which lasted into the first two decades of the 17th century. William Heather, founder of the music chair at Oxford University, included the book in his portrait, painted c. 1627, confirming the longevity of Musica transalpina's influence and popularity.
The collection contains 57 separate pieces by 18 composers, with Alfonso Ferrabosco the elder having the most, and Luca Marenzio second most. Ferrabosco was living in England until 1578, which could explain the large number of his compositions in the book; he was relatively unknown in Italy.
In 1597, Yonge published a second book (Musica transalpina: the Second Booke of Madrigalles, ... translated out of Sundrie Italian Authors). Composers such as John Wilbye and Thomas Weelkes used the pieces in both collections as models for their work.
# Sha-Nabu-shu

Sha-Nabu-shu was the chief eunuch of Esarhaddon of Assyria and was responsible for the conclusive defeat of Taharqa at Memphis, subsequent to being ordered to do so with the aide of a small, yet well-trained, army by the Assyrian King, Ashurbanipal.
# Thompson Creek mine

The Thompson Creek mine is one of the largest molybdenum mines in the United States. The mine is located in northern United States in Idaho. The Thompson Creek mine has reserves amounting to 205 million tonnes of molybdenum ore grading 0.06% molybdenum thus resulting 123,000 tonnes of molybdenum.
# HVDC Tian–Guang

HVDC Tian–Guang is a bipolar 500 kV HVDC system used for transmitting power generated at Tianshengqiao Hydroelectric Plant to Guangzhou. HVDC Tian–Guan, which was built by Siemens and inaugurated in 2001 is capable of transmitting a maximum power of 1,800 MW.
The terminals are situated at Tianshengqiao Hydroelectric Plant 2 at 24°54′56″N 105°05′47″E﻿ / ﻿24.91556°N 105.09639°E﻿ / 24.91556; 105.09639﻿ (HVDC Tian-Guang Tianshengqiao Static Inverter Plant) and at Beijiao at 23°18′58″N 113°15′05″E﻿ / ﻿23.31611°N 113.25139°E﻿ / 23.31611; 113.25139﻿ (HVDC Tian-Guang Beijiao Static Inverter Plant) near Guangzhou. There is a parallel running AC powerline via Pingguo, Laibin, Wuzhou and Luodong, but the DC line helps damping oscillations and stabilizing the system.