OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Phaeozem

A Phaeozem in the World Reference Base for Soil Resources (WRB) is a dark soil with a high base status, but without a secondary carbonates within one metre of the soil surface. Most Phaeozems correlate with the Udolls (Mollisols) of the USDA soil taxonomy.
These soils are found mainly in humid and sub-humid tall-grass steppes; there are extensive areas of them in the United States, Argentina and China. Phaeozems form from unconsolidated sediments such as loess and glacial till and typically have organic matter contents of about 5% and a pH of 5–7.
Intensive agricultural use is widespread and includes wheat, soybean and cotton production and improved pastures for cattle.
# Phaesticus mellerborgi

Phaesticus mellerborgi is a groundhopper found in China, Indo-China and Malesia, now placed incertae sedis the Tetrigidae.
# Walter Pilkey

Walter Pilkey (1936–2007) was a professor of mechanical engineering at University of Virginia. He earned his PhD from Penn State.

## Research

His areas of professional interest included crash safety, shock and computational mechanics. He wrote or co-authored more than 30 books and 300 professional articles. He founded Shock and Vibration, a journal published in association with SAVIAC and the limited distribution journal Critical Technology in Shock and Vibration, also in association with SAVIAC. He was the editor-in-chief of the International Journal of Finite Elements in Analysis and Design.
Professor Pilkey was a Fellow of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers.

## Selected publications

* Pilkey, Walter,Formulas for Stress, Strain, and Structural Matrices, Wiley, 2nd edition (November 11, 2004), ISBN 0-471-03221-2, ISBN 978-0-471-03221-2
* Pilkey, Walter, Pilkey, Deborah, Peterson's Stress Concentration Factors, Wiley, 3rd edition (January 14, 2008), ISBN 0-470-04824-7, ISBN 978-0-470-04824-5
* Pilkey, Walter, Analysis and Design of Elastic Beams: Computational Methods, Wiley, (June 3, 2002), ISBN 0-471-38152-7, ISBN 978-0-471-38152-5
# Barton Warnock Visitor Center

Barton Warnock Visitor Center consists of 99.9 acres located in Brewster County, Texas, United States. The center was built in 1982 by the Lajitas Foundation and was known as the Lajitas Museum Desert Gardens. The Texas Parks and Wildlife Department purchased the center in October 1990 and named it after Barton Holland Warnock (1911–1998), an American botanist and leading authority on flora of the Trans-Pecos area and northern Chihuahuan Desert. The center serves as the eastern visitor center for the Big Bend Ranch State Park and interprets the archaeological, historical, and natural history of the Big Bend region.
# Intellectual honesty

Intellectual honesty is an applied method of problem solving characterised by a nonpartisan and honest attitude, which can be demonstrated in a number of different ways:
* One's personal beliefs or politics do not interfere with the pursuit of truth;
* Relevant facts and information are not purposefully omitted, even when such things may contradict one's hypothesis;
* Facts are presented in an unbiased manner and not twisted to give misleading impressions or to support one view over another;
* References, or earlier work, are acknowledged where possible, and plagiarism is avoided.
Harvard ethicist Louis M. Guenin describes the "kernel" of intellectual honesty to be "a virtuous disposition to eschew deception when given an incentive for deception".

## Academia

In academia, intellectual honesty necessitates that students, academics, and researchers openly disclose the origins of their ideas and give due credit to others in their writing. This fundamental principle serves as a cornerstone for the acquisition and progression of knowledge. As knowledge usually builds upon previous insights, advancements rely on the collaborative efforts of contributors. In scholarly systems, these contributions undergo rigorous evaluation before becoming a basis for further exploration. Upholding intellectual honesty is thought to be crucial to guarantee the transparency and openness of intellectual contributions in order to foster constructive criticism.

## Science

Intellectual honesty has been described as part of integrity in scientific research and includes:
* ensuring precision in depicting one's contributions to research proposals and reports
* upholding impartiality in the process of peer review; fostering a collaborative and supportive atmosphere in scientific interactions, encompassing communication and resource sharing
* being forthright about conflicts of interest or potential conflicts of interest; prioritizing the welfare and safeguarding the rights of human subjects involved in research endeavors
* practicing ethical treatment of animals in the course of research activities
* adhering to the reciprocal responsibilities existing between investigators and their research teams.

## Business

Within the realm of business, intellectual honesty entails basing decisions on factual evidence, consistently pursuing truth in problem-solving, and setting aside personal aspirations. The adoption of intellectual honesty by organizations is thought to foster a culture of ongoing learning and receptiveness to novel ideas. This mindset frequently catalyzes enhancements across the entire organization, particularly when intellectual honesty becomes an integral part of the corporate culture. While psychological safety is sometimes understood a key to business innovation through fostering social cohesion and aiding learning, research has also shown that it can inadvertently hinder intellectual honesty instead of fostering it.
# Black Lakes (Ontario)

Black Lakes is a pair of lakes that are part of a small endorheic basin in Kenora District, Ontario, Canada, about 14 kilometres (9 mi) southwest of the community of Vermilion Bay. The western lake is larger, about 810 metres (2,657 ft) long and 480 metres (1,575 ft) wide and lies at an elevation of 374 metres (1,227 ft). It flows into the smaller eastern lake, which is about 560 metres (1,837 ft) long and 270 metres (886 ft) wide and lies at an elevation of 370 metres (1,214 ft). The eastern lake flows via an unnamed creek into Walleye Lake, which has no outlet.
# Atranus

Atranus is a genus of beetles in the family Carabidae, containing the following species:
* Atranus pubescens (Dejean, 1828)
* Atranus ruficollis Gautier des Cottes, 1858
# Personal Secretary

Personal Secretary is a 1938 American comedy film directed by Otis Garrett and written by Betty Laidlaw, Robert Lively and Charles Grayson. The film stars William Gargan, Joy Hodges, Andy Devine, Ruth Donnelly, Samuel S. Hinds and Frances Robinson. The film was released on September 9, 1938, by Universal Pictures.

## Plot

Columnists from two rival newspapers go back and forth over whether or not a woman murdered her playboy husband.

## Cast

* William Gargan as Marcus 'Mark' Farrell
* Joy Hodges as Gale Rodgers
* Andy Devine as 'Snoop' Lewis
* Ruth Donnelly as Grumpy
* Samuel S. Hinds as Alan Lemke
* Frances Robinson as June Reese
* Florence Roberts as Mrs. J. J. Farrell
* Kay Linaker as Flo Sampson
* Matty Fain as 'Slim' Logan
* Selmer Jackson as Blackmere
# Boyd Orr

Boyd Orr may refer to:
* John Boyd Orr (1880–1971), Scottish teacher, doctor, biologist and Nobel Peace Prize recipient
* Boyd Orr (politician) (born 1945), American politician in the Kansas House of Representatives
# William Pearson Jr.

William Pearson (25 June 1864 – 31 March 1919) was an Australian politician.
He was born in Sale to William Pearson and Eliza Laura Travers. He became a grazier, first at Wodonga and then, on his father's death, inheriting the family property at Sale. In 1887 he married Sophie Emily Gooch, with whom he had three children. In 1896 he was elected to the Victorian Legislative Council for Gippsland Province, serving until his retirement in 1916. Pearson died in Sale in 1919.
# Voula's Offshore Cafe

Voula's Offshore Cafe is a restaurant in Seattle, in the U.S. state of Washington. The restaurant has appeared on the television series Diners, Drive-Ins and Dives.
# Balabhadra Radha Krishna

Air Marshal Balabhadra Radha Krishna, PVSM, AVSM, SC, ADC is a retired officer of the Indian Air Force. He served as the Chief of Integrated Defence Staff (the Vice Chief of Defence Staff) from 30 September 2021 till 31 March 2023. He is former Air Officer Commanding-in-Chief (AOC-in-C), Western Air Command. He took over the office on 1 July 2021, following the elevation of Air Marshal Vivek Ram Chaudhari. Previously, he served as the Director General Air (Operations) and prior to that he served as Senior Air Staff Officer of South Western Air Command.

## Early life and education

BR Krishna is an alumnus of National Defence Academy, Defence Services Staff College, Wellington and National Defence College.

## Career

BR Krishna was commissioned as a fighter pilot in the Indian Air Force on 22 December 1983. He has flying experience of nearly 5000 hours on a variety of fighter aircraft including operational, instructional and test flying. He is a qualified flying instructor and a test pilot.
With a long career of 38 years, he has commanded a front-line fighter aircraft squadron, and has commanded the Airforce Test Pilot School. He was the Commandant at the Aircraft and Systems Testing Establishment (ASTE). As Air Marshal, he served as the Senior Air Staff Officer of South Western Air Command and prior to his elevation as AOC-in-C, he served as the Director General Air (Operations). As Chief of the IDS, he merged the old Amar Jawan Jyoti at India Gate with the new one at the National War Memorial on 21 January 2022.

## Awards and decorations

During his career, BR Krishna for his gallant act in the air, he was awarded Shaurya Chakra in 1986 and for the distinguished service, he was awarded Ati Vishisht Seva Medal in 2017 and the Param Vishisht Seva Medal in 2022.
Param Vishisht Seva Medal :
| Ati Vishisht Seva Medal | Shaurya Chakra | Samanya Seva Medal | Siachen Glacier Medal |
| Operation Parakram Medal | Meritorious Service Medal | Sainya Seva Medal | High Altitude Service Medal |
| 50th Anniversary of Independence Medal | 30 Years Long Service Medal | 20 Years Long Service Medal | 9 Years Long Service Medal |
# Perrone Robotics

Perrone Robotics is a robotics software company based out of Charlottesville, Virginia and formed in 2001. The company formed Team Jefferson as a low budget side project in 2004 to build an autonomous robotic dune buggy for participation in the 2005 DARPA Grand Challenge. The company was at the 2006 JavaOne conference with their robotic dune buggy 'Tommy' and received a Duke Award in the emerging technology category for Tommy & MAX.
The company has reformed Team Jefferson to participate in the 2007 DARPA Urban Challenge with partners such as Fair-Isaac Corporation, Sun Microsystems, and the University of Virginia.
The CEO spoke at the Consumer Electronics Show (CES) 2007 in Las Vegas describing the emerging consumer robotics market and how to 'roboticize' consumer products .
# Peru marsupial frog

The Peru marsupial frog (Gastrotheca peruana) is a species of frog in the family Hemiphractidae that is endemic to Peru. Its natural habitats are subtropical and tropical high-altitude grasslands, rivers, freshwater marshes, intermittent freshwater marshes, arable land, pastureland, rural gardens, and urban areas. This frog is kept as a pet, and has been recorded in the pet trade in Germany, although without significant threat to the species.
# Võruküla

Võruküla is a village in Kastre Parish, Tartu County in eastern Estonia.
# Võsivere

Võsivere is a village in Elva Parish, Tartu County in Estonia.
# Per Hjalmar Nakstad

Per Hjalmar Nakstad (born 20 May 1946) is a Norwegian professor of medicine.
He was born in Kongsvinger and grew up in Kongsvinger Municipality, Målselv Municipality, and Stjørdal Municipality. He finished his secondary education at Trondheim Cathedral School in 1965, and graduated in medicine in Freiburg in 1971. From 1979 he got the specialist title in radiology, and in 1985 he took the dr.med. degree at the University of Oslo.
In 1992 he was hired as professor of neurology at the University of Oslo and chief physician in the department of neuroradiology, Ullevål University Hospital. He left in 1999 to become medical director in the private medical company Capio Diagnostikk. He returned to the University of Oslo as a professor of radiology and neuroradiology in 2002. He retired in 2013, at the age of 67. In 2014 he was decorated as a Knight, First Class of the Order of St. Olav.
He resided at Bjørnegård near Sandvika, in Bærum Municipality. He then moved to Vakås in Asker Municipality before moving back to Gjettum in Bærum Municipality. He is a widower with three children, but married for a second time.
# Vĩnh Nhuận

Vĩnh Nhuận is a rural commune (xã) of Châu Thành District in An Giang Province, Vietnam.
# Peregrinus, Bishop of Terni

Saint Peregrinus was the Bishop of Terni, and was credited for founding the city's cathedral.
# Imperial yellow

Imperial yellow may refer to:
* Yellow in Chinese culture, various hues of yellow used as a symbol of imperial majesty or favor
* Royal yellow (#FADA5E), a specific shade associated with Chinese imperial robes
* The ammonium salt of hexanitrodiphenylamine, formerly used as a yellow dye
* A hue of Peking glass reminiscent of the imperial banner of the late Qing Empire
# Indian Summer (1970 film)

Indian Summer (Bablje ljeto) is a 1970 Croatian film directed by Nikola Tanhofer.
# Ina Lettmann

Ina Lettmann (born 17 February 1977) is an International German fashion model and entrepreneur, that was born in Recklinghausen, Germany. She has appeared in many International fashion events and modeled for the fashion houses such as Hermes, La Perla and Wolford and is seen as one of Europe's top models.
She has appeared in many fashion magazines throughout her career and has featured on the cover of Elle Magazine, Marie Claire, and Harper's Bazaar. Lettmann has featured in various ad campaigns throughout her career for Balenciaga, Dior, Dolce & Gabbana and Givenchy.

## Education

Lettmann graduated from Paris-Sorbonne University, achieving a degree in Fashion Design & Merchandising.

## Career

Lettmann stated in an interview that she started modeling at the age of 16. She was first discovered in New York City at the age of 17 by Ford Models, which resulted in her moving from Germany to Paris at the age of 19 on her own to pursue her modeling career. In 2003, after working for a number of years in Paris, Lettmann worked on the Dunhill worldwide campaign with Mathias Vriens as photographer.
During her early career, she was nicknamed "Angel Face with endless legs." Lettmann went on to work with some of the best fashion houses in Europe and runway work in London, Milan, New York City and Paris. During this period she worked in various roles for Victoria's Secret, Prada, Louis Vuitton and L’Oreal. She spent the majority of her career working for NEXT Model Management. Since 2010, she has featured in a number of ads for Dinsko.com. Lettmann has also worked in print for La Perla and Victoria's Secret.
Following her various work for a number of fashion houses, she worked on an International advertising campaign with Helmut Newton. In 2011, she went on to feature on the cover of Newton's book, Polaroids. Featuring on the cover of Polaroids led Lettmann to receive coverage in the Miami magazine.

## Jewelry

Aside from Lettmann's career as a model she is also involved in jewelry design. Her style is said to vintage inspired, mixing antique gold with diamonds along with other gems. Lettmann's inspiration for jewelry design is said to come from the 1960s and 1970s fashion eras. Her jewelry collection franchise is called Violet & Grace and is based in Miami, Florida, where she resides. Violet & Grace also stock Ela Stone and Iosselliani jewelry and previously stocked Alexander McQueen jewelry.
# Ina Lohr

Ina Lohr (1903 - 1983) was a Swiss composer, music teacher, and a founding member of Schola Cantorum Basiliensis.

## Personal life and career

Lohr was born in Amsterdam in 1903. She studied the violin at Muziek-Lyceum Amsterdam and graduated from there in 1929 with a violin pedagogy degree. During a trip to Davos, Switzerland by train for a vacation, she felt weak and got off in Basel, where she decided to live in 1942. In 1930, Lohr became an assistant of Paul Sacher which heavily impacted her music career. Lohr later became a founding member and instructor of Schola Cantorum Basiliensis, where she taught Protestant church music and liturgy. In 1958, the University of Basel gave her an honorary doctorate in theology.
# Perhaps a Gentleman (1950 film)

Perhaps a Gentleman (Swedish: Kanske en gentleman) is a 1950 Swedish comedy film directed by Ragnar Frisk and starring John Elfström, Stig Järrel and Marianne Löfgren. It is a remake of a 1935 film of the same title, itself inspired by George Bernard Shaw's play Pygmalion. The film's sets were designed by the art director Bertil Duroj.

## Synopsis

A director and an actor have a bet that they can turn a lowlife from the streets into a gentleman in just two months.

## Cast

* John Elfström as Gurra Lind
* Stig Järrel as Stig Järrel
* Marianne Löfgren as Mrs. Haglund
* Gösta Cederlund as Eric Haglund
* Emy Hagman as Lisa
* Sten Gester as Björn
* Harriett Philipson as Vera
* Folke Hamrin as Bergstrand
* Lillie Wästfeldt as Malin
* Georg Skarstedt as Benster
* Dagmar Olsson as Sara
* Magnus Kesster as Loan Shark
* Helga Brofeldt as Ingeborg Hagström
* Arne Lindblad as Rydberg
* John Norrman as Berra
# Percivall Willughby

Percivall Willughby (1596 – 1685) was an English physician and writer on obstetrics.

## Life

Percivall Willughby was sixth son of Sir Percivall Willughby, of Wollaton Hall, Nottinghamshire, where he was born in 1596. Francis Willughby was his nephew. Percivall was educated at Trowbridge, Rugby, Eton, and Oxford, where he matriculated from Magdalen College on 23 March 1620–1, his age being given as twenty-two, and graduated BA on 6 July 1621.
In 1619 he was, at the suggestion of his uncle Robert Willughby, himself a medical man, articled for seven years to Feamer van Otten, after which he was to have joined his uncle; but Van Otten dying in 1624, Willughby soon after commenced practice for himself, and in 1631 he settled in Derby, where he married Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Francis Coke of Trusley, by whom he had two or three sons and two daughters.
On 20 February 1640–1 he was admitted an extra licentiate of the Royal College of Physicians. In 1655 he removed to London "for the better education of his children", but in 1660 he returned to Derby, where he resumed his practice as a physician, enjoying a high reputation throughout the neighbouring counties for his skill in obstetric operations. He deprecated the use of the crotchet, and, Chamberlen's secret of the forceps not having been as yet divulged, he endeavoured to overcome all difficulties by turning. At one period he was to some extent assisted by a daughter, whom he had trained as a midwife to ladies of the higher classes. He was a man of high culture, powerful intellect, and great modesty, scorning the secrecy which some of his contemporaries maintained as to their procedures; and though he committed to writing the conclusions at which he arrived after long years of study and observation, revising and transcribing the manuscripts in English and in Latin, he seems to have hesitated to the last at their publication, as if sensible of the want of some really scientific instrument (the forceps) for the perfection of his art. The earliest copy of his work is a closely written quarto, entitled Dni Willougbaei, Derbiensis, De Puerperio Tractatus, in the British Library Sloane MS. 529. The second, an amplification of this, and referred to by Dr. Denman in his Practice of Midwifery, was then in the possession of his friend Dr. Kirkland; while the third and greatly enlarged edition consisted of two exquisitely written copies in Latin and in English, which were afterwards the property of Dr. J. H. Aveling, the English version being in two parts, with the titles Observations in Midwifery and The Countrey Midwife's Opusculum or Vade-mecum, by Percivall Willughby, Gentleman. It was privately printed in 1863 by Henry Blenkinsopp, but a Dutch translation had been printed as an octavo at Leyden in 1764, though no copy is now to be had in Holland. He was the intimate friend of Harvey and of most of the scientific men of the century, and died on 2 October 1685, in the ninetieth year of his age, being buried in St Peter's Church, Derby, where within the rails of the chancel is a tablet to his memory.
# Percival v Wright

Percival v Wright [1902] 2 Ch 401 is a UK company law case concerning directors' duties, holding that directors only owe duties of loyalty to the company, and not to individual shareholders. This is now codified in the United Kingdom's Companies Act 2006, section 170.

## Facts

Shareholders in Nixon's Navigation Co. wanted to sell their shares, and requested that the company's secretary find purchasers. Some directors of the company purchased the shares at £12.10s per share, which price was based upon independent valuation. After the sale, the shareholders discovered that before and during the negotiations for that sale, the board of directors had been involved in other negotiations to sell the entire company, which would have made those shares substantially more valuable had they come to fruition. The plaintiff sued, claiming breach of fiduciary duty, in that the shareholders should have been told of these negotiations.

## Judgment

Swinfen Eady J held the directors owed duties to the company and not shareholders individually.
   It was strenuously urged that, though incorporation affected the relations of the shareholders to the external world, the company thereby becoming a distinct entity, the position of the shareholders inter se was not affected, and was the same as that of partners or shareholders in an unincorporated company. I am unable to adopt that view...
   There is no question of unfair dealing in this case. The directors did not approach the shareholders with the view of obtaining their shares. The shareholders approached the directors, and named the price at which they were desirous of selling. The plaintiffs’ case wholly fails, and must be dismissed with costs.

## Significance

Percival v Wright is still considered to be good law, and was followed by the House of Lords in Johnson v Gore Wood & Co [2000] UKHL 65.
However, it has been distinguished in at least two subsequent cases. In Coleman v Myers [1977] 2 NZLR 225 and Peskin v Anderson [2001] BCLC 372 the court described this as being the general rule, but one which may be subject to exceptions where the circumstances are such that a director may owe a greater duty to an individual shareholder, such as when that shareholder is known to be relying upon the director for guidance, or where the shareholder is a vulnerable person.
# Stratford School (disambiguation)

Stratford School may refer to:
* Stratford School, a secondary school in Forest Gate, London, England
* Stratford Elementary School, in Stratford, California, United States
* Stratford School District, in Stratford, New Jersey, United States
* Stratford School District (Wisconsin), in the List of school districts in Wisconsin
* Stratford School (California), a chain of private schools in the United States
# WKCY-FM

WKCY-FM is a country formatted broadcast radio station licensed to Harrisonburg, Virginia, serving the Central Shenandoah Valley. WKCY-FM is owned and operated by iHeartMedia, Inc.
# WKCY

WKCY may refer to:
* WKCY (AM), a radio station (1300 AM) licensed to Harrisonburg, Virginia, United States
* WKCY-FM, a radio station (104.3 FM) licensed to Harrisonburg, Virginia, United States
# Balisatra

Balisatra is a village in Kamrup rural district, in the state of Assam, India, situated in north bank of river Brahmaputra.

## Transport

The village is near National Highway 27 and connected to nearby towns and cities like Rangiya, Baihata and Guwahati with regular buses and other modes of transportation.