OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Association of Building Technicians

The Association of Building Technicians (ABT) was a trade union representing architects, surveyors and related workers in the United Kingdom.

## History

The union was founded in 1919 as the Architects' and Surveyors' Assistants' Professional Union. In 1924, it changed its name to the Association of Architects, Surveyors and Technical Assistants, and its membership and influence increased into the 1930s, as it became associated with left-wing ideas in architecture. Its membership included some prominent members of the Communist Party of Great Britain, such as Francis Skinner and Graeme Shankland, and the union's leadership was also composed of party members.
In 1942, the union renamed itself again, this time as the Association of Building Technicians. It gradually declined in membership until 1970, when it merged with the Amalgamated Society of Woodworkers and the Amalgamated Society of Painters and Decorators, forming the Amalgamated Society of Woodworkers and Painters.

## General Secretaries

    1936: Cleve Barr
    1940s: Virginia Penn
    1948: F. E. Shosbree
# Association of Broadcasting and Allied Staffs

The Association of Broadcasting and Allied Staffs (ABS) was a British broadcasting trade union.
The organisation was founded in 1945 with the merger of the BBC Staff (Wartime) Association and the Association of BBC Engineers to form the BBC Staff Association. It was regarded as a non-political organisation for employees of the BBC, but despite challenges from various trade unions, it remained the primary association of BBC employees. In 1946, Leslie Littlewood was elected General Secretary, a post he was to hold until 1968.
With the creation of ITV, the association aimed to expand its remit to cover the new broadcaster, and accordingly renamed itself the Association of Broadcasting Staff (ABS) in 1956. This was unsuccessful, but the ABS was recognised by the Independent Television Authority.
In 1963, the ABS finally affiliated to the Trades Union Congress (TUC), and was able to normalise its relations with other TUC members. It was renamed the Association of Broadcasting and Allied Staffs in 1974.
In 1972, Tony Hearn became General Secretary, and under his leadership, the union began negotiations with the National Association of Theatrical and Kine Employees. The two unions finally merged in 1984 to form the Broadcasting and Entertainment Trades Alliance.
As of 1982, the union had a membership of 15,510, and published a monthly journal, ABStract.

## General Secretaries

    1945: Tom Hobson
    1946: Leslie Littlewood
    1968: Tom Rhys
    1972: Tony Hearn
# Papilio alcmenor

Papilio alcmenor, the redbreast, is a species of swallowtail butterfly found in South Asia.

## Description

Male upperside black with, in some lights, an obscure dark indigo-blue tint. Forewing: a series of pale adnervular streaks not extended to the base or quite to the termen but that reach well into the apical half of the cell, and a short slender streak of red rarely absent at the extreme base of the subcostal vein. In certain specimens also the apical half or interspace 1a and of the posterior portion of interspace 1 are diffusely white. Hindwing uniform, towards the terminal or outer half sprinkled with bluish scales; an irregular incomplete white ring at the tornal angle that encloses a black spot bordered above by red.
Underside: forewing similar, buff with the pale adnervular streaks broader and much more prominent so that the wing has a general grey appearance; a patch of dark red at base traversed by the black veins. Hindwing deep indigo-blue black; a dark red patch at base as in the forewing, but continued along the dorsum, nearly filling interspaces 1 and 2; superposed on the red in the former are two black spots and some irregular white scaling, and in the latter three large black spots in succession from the base; in some specimens the apical two spots coalesce anteriorly, in others there is also a red lunule near the apex of interspace 5; lastly, a diffuse spot of blue scaling near apices of interspaces 6 and 7. Antennae, head, thorax and abdomen black, paler beneath.
Female upperside: ground colour duller black. Forewing: the adnervular streaks broader, paler, more prominent than in the male; the short red streak at base of subcostal vein broader. Hindwing: a medial patch of white that consists of an elongate spot at base of interspace 4, and a short streak that fills the basal half of interspace 5, extended diffusely into the apex of the cell and above into interspace 6; beyond this white patch is a discal series of three small red crescentic marks in interspaces 2, 4, and 5, or 2 and 4 only, followed by larger red lunules in interspaces 2 to 5, admarginal large red spots in 2 and 3, and a more or less large rectangular red spot centred with black at the tornal angle; cilia touched with white in the middle of the interspaces. The lunular red markings are very variable in number and are admarginal in interspaces 4 to 6. Underside, forewing: ground colour dull olivaceous black with the veins and internervular streaks velvety black, a red patch at base of cell. Hindwing: ground colour black; markings more or less similar to those on the upperside, but both the white and the red more extensive, the latter so disposed as to form a patch at base of wing and a broad dorsal border below the median vein and vein 3; in interspaces 1, 2, and 3 it is interrupted by large black spots. Antennae black; head, thorax and abdomen dull dark ochraceous brown.

## Range

North-eastern India, Nepal, Bhutan, Myanmar and China.

## Status

Common. Not threatened.
# Paper Bicycle

Paper Bicycle is a Scottish bicycle manufacturer based in Ayrshire. It is also the name of the bicycle that the company produces. This is derived from the fact that the original prototype had its chaincase panels covered with wallpaper.
The Paper Bicycle company was founded to develop a prototype that had been rejected by the Royal Mail as a replacement for the Pashley Mailstar. Part of the design brief had been to develop a bicycle that would fit 'everyone'. The result was a bicycle without a top tube or seat stays. Instead, horizontal rigidity was achieved by an additional 'chaincase' on the non-drive side of the frame.
The Paper Bicycle utilizes a powder-coated cromo-steel frame that is fabricated in Taiwan and finished in Scotland. The frame's design is licensed to the Swiss company Velobility who use it as the basis for bicycle share schemes in cities across Austria, Germany and Switzerland.
# Valliappan

Valliappan is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Reshma Valliappan (born 1980), Indian activist
* Soma Valliappan, Indian writer
# Paracme

Paracme, as used in biostratigraphy, is a term that describes the interval of temporary disappearance or absence of a taxon. It defines the interval between when a taxon temporarily disappears and when it reappears in biostratigraphical observation. Paracme Base "PB" (lowest occurrence) is used to denote the start of the disappearance, and Paracme Top "PT" (highest occurrence) denotes the reappearance of the taxon.

## Notable examples

There are several instances where paracme have been reported in nannoplankton and sometimes used as a biostratigraphy marker.
* Reticulofenestra pseudoumbiliucus Paracme: a short time interval in the early Miocene during which R. pseudoumbilicus is absent or extremely rare compared with the underlying and overlying segments. The timing of the event is estimated to be between 8.8 Ma and 7.2 Ma in tropical areas. Studies have also shown that the timing of this interval varies significantly across latitudes, with much shorter durations reported in the mid-latitude regions
* Discoaster pentaradiatus Paracme: Interval of temporary absence of Discoaster pentaradiatus between ~3.90 Ma and 3..6 Ma.
* Discoaster tamalis Paracme
* Sphenolithus heteromorphus Paracme
# Paracnuella

Paracnuella is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped and motile genus of bacteria from the family of Chitinophagaceae with one known species (Paracnuella aquatica). Paracnuella aquatica has been isolated from water from a thermal spring in China.
# Paraclostridium tenue

Paraclostridium tenue, formerly named Eubacterium tenue is a bacterium in the family Peptostreptococcaceae.
# Pantographa gorgonalis

Pantographa gorgonalis is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Herbert Druce in 1895. It is found in Guerrero, Mexico.
The forewings are yellowish fawn, crossed by three irregular bands of semihyaline pearly-white spots. The first near the base, the second about the middle and the third beyond the cell. These bands are edged with brown on the outer side. The hindwings are pearly hyaline white, the outer margin shaded with yellowish fawn. There is a spot at the end of the cell and a waved blackish-brown band below it crossing from the costal to the inner margin.
# Huang Fan

Huang Fan (Chinese:黃凡) is a contemporary Taiwanese writer, born in 1950.
He grew up in a family dependants community, like many people from Mainland China who arrived with Chiang Kai-shek in 1949. His educational background is in engineering. He is now a professional writer.
His fiction is urbane and often experimental in technique.
He had been disappeared in the literary circle for more than 10 years, from about 1990 to 2003.
# As If It Were the Seasons

As If It Were the Seasons is the second album by American jazz saxophonist Joseph Jarman, recorded in 1968 and released on the Delmark label.

## Background

After the death of Christopher Gaddy, who played piano on his debut album, Song For, Jarman played with the rhythm section of bassist Charles Clark and drummer Thurman Barker. For concerts he invited guests as Sherri Scott, who adds her voice to the trio for the first pieces in this record. Jarman composed “Song for Christopher”, based on incomplete notations by the pianist, as a memorial to Gaddy. The piece was recorded by the group augmented by six musicians. When Clark died on April 15, 1969, at twenty-four, he had taken part only in three recordings, Muhal Richard Abrams’s Levels and Degrees of Light, Jarman’s Song For and this album.

## Reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| The Penguin Guide to Jazz | |
| The Rolling Stone Jazz Record Guide | |
Scott Yanow, in his review for AllMusic claims about the album "Certainly not for everyone's taste, the truly open-eared will find the innovative results quite intriguing." The Penguin Guide to Jazz states "the title-piece exemplifies Jarman's particular blending of lyricism, free space, drifting time and occasional bursts of intensity."

## Track listing

    All compositions by Joseph Jarman
* "As If It Were the Seasons / Song to Make the Sun Come Up" - 23:47
* "Song for Christopher" - 20:58

## Personnel

* Joseph Jarman - alto sax, bassoon, fife, recorder, soprano sax
* Charles Clark - bass, cello, koto
* Thurman Barker - drums
* Sherri Scott - voice
* Muhal Richard Abrams - piano, oboe (track 2)
* Joel Brandon - flute (track 2)
* Fred Anderson - tenor sax (track 2)
* John Stubblefield - tenor sax (track 2)
* John Jackson - trumpet (track 2)
* Lester Lashley - trombone (track 2)
    Everybody - bells, gong, harps
# St Peter and St Paul's Church, Eckington

St Peter and St Paul's Church, Eckington is a Grade I listed parish church in the Church of England in Eckington, Derbyshire.

## History

The church dates from the 12th century with elements from the 13th, 14th and 15th centuries. The south aisle porch was added in 1763 by John Platt of Rotherham. Some repair works were undertaken in 1833.
The church was restored between 1877 and 1878 by the architects Flockton of Sheffield. The plaster was removed from the pillars and interior walls. The galleries in the north, west and south were removed. The box pews were replaced with open benches. New stained glass windows were inserted and a new pulpit, reading desk, lectern and communion table were set up. The lectern was manufactured by Jones and Willis. The Dowager Lady Sitwell provided a brass cross for the reredos. The church reopened on 19 June 1878.
The church was remodelled and refurnished by Percy Heylyn Currey in 1907.

## Organ

The organ was by Brindley & Foster. Following the restoration of the church in 1878, the organ was enlarged by Brindley & Foster with three new stops and an opening recital was given by Dr Haydn Keeton, organist of Peterborough Cathedral. A specification of the organ can be found on the National Pipe Organ Register.

## Bells

The church has eight bells hung for full circle change ringing, and is the location of the Gordon Halls Ringing Centre.

## Memorials

The church contains memorials to
* Francis Stringer (d. 1727)
* William Sitwell (d. 1776)
* Mary Sitwell (d. 1792)
* Francis Sitwell (d. 1793)
* Hurt Sitwell (d. 1830)
* Sir Sitwell Sitwell (d. 1811) and Caroline Sitwell (d. 1800) by White Watson
* Alice Sitwell (d. 1797)
* George Sitwell (d. 1667) and his wife Margaret (d. 1658)
* Francis Sitwell (d. 1671)
* Thomas Barlow (d. 1694)
* John Staniforth (Mentioned alongside father William) (d. 1800)

## Parish status

The church is in a joint parish with:
* St Luke's Church, Upper Eckington
* St John the Baptist's Church, Handley
* St John The Evangelist Church, Ridgeway
# Varangéville

Varangéville (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Meurthe-et-Moselle département in north-eastern France.

## Population

Inhabitants of Varangéville are known as Varangévillois(e)s in French.
# Parkdale Avenue

Parkdale Avenue may refer to:
* Parkdale Avenue (Hamilton, Ontario), Canada, a road in Hamilton, Ontario
* Parkdale Avenue (Ottawa), Ontario, Canada
# Pareto interpolation

Pareto interpolation is a method of estimating the median and other properties of a population that follows a Pareto distribution. It is used in economics when analysing the distribution of incomes in a population, when one must base estimates on a relatively small random sample taken from the population.
The family of Pareto distributions is parameterized by
* a positive number κ that is the smallest value that a random variable with a Pareto distribution can take. As applied to distribution of incomes, κ is the lowest income of any person in the population; and
* a positive number θ the "Pareto index"; as this increases, the tail of the distribution gets thinner. As applied to distribution of incomes, this means that the larger the value of the Pareto index θ the smaller the proportion of incomes many times as big as the smallest incomes.
Pareto interpolation can be used when the available information includes the proportion of the sample that falls below each of two specified numbers a < b. For example, it may be observed that 45% of individuals in the sample have incomes below a = $35,000 per year, and 55% have incomes below b = $40,000 per year.
Let
    P$_a$ = proportion of the sample that lies below a;
    P$_b$ = proportion of the sample that lies below b.
Then the estimates of κ and θ are
    ${\widehat {\kappa }}=\left({\frac {P_{b}-P_{a}}{\left(1/a^{\widehat {\theta }}\right)-\left(1/b^{\widehat {\theta }}\right)}}\right)^{1/{\widehat {\theta }}}$
and
    ${\widehat {\theta }}\;=\;{\frac {\log(1-P_{a})-\log(1-P_{b})}{\log(b)-\log(a)}}.$
The estimate of the median would then be
    ${\mbox{estimated median}}={\widehat {\kappa }}\cdot 2^{1/{\widehat {\theta }}},\,$
since the actual population median is
    ${\mbox{median}}=\kappa \,2^{1/\theta }.\,$
# Papermoon (song)

"Papermoon" (stylized as "PAPERMOON") is Tommy heavenly$^6$'s 9th single and Tomoko Kawase's 16th single overall, which was released on December 10, 2008. Since The Brilliant Green made their comeback, Kawase had been very inactive as a solo singer. Since "Papermoon" has been released, it marks her first solo single in over a year. "Papermoon" was featured as the second opening song to the anime Soul Eater. "Papermoon"'s B-side is a song called "Ruby Shoes", which is possibly in reference to the overall theme of the "Papermoon" music video. "Papermoon" peaked at #10 on the Oricon singles chart.

## Music video

The music video features Tommy heavenly$^6$ and her band in a setting which resembles The Wizard of Oz. Her band is dressed in matching attire featuring a tin man, scarecrow, and a lion. Kawase herself is dressed up to resemble Dorothy. Kawase is also shown singing in a room that very much resembles a scene in The Wizard of Oz in which Dorothy's house is taken up into the tornado. Dorothy then looks out the window of her room to see many things and people familiar to her. In the video, things and people from Tommy heavenly$^6$'s past videos can be seen. Such as, Tommy February$^6$ and Santa Claus riding a panda bear from Tommy heavenly$^6$'s "I Love Xmas" PV, to the cart pulled by a bull she rides in in her "Pray" PV, and other miscellaneous objects.

## Track listing

All lyrics are written by Tomoko Kawase, all music composed and arranged by Chiffon Brownie
# Hugh Sexey Church of England Middle School

Hugh Sexey Church of England Middle School, formerly known as Sexey's School and Sexey's Grammar School, is a coeducational middle school located in Blackford near Wedmore, Somerset, England. The school had 620 pupils in June 2012, who join aged 9 in Year 5 and stay until age 13 in Year 8, after which they go to The Kings of Wessex Academy in Cheddar. Because the school educates pupils of secondary school age it has middle deemed secondary status. The school had been rated outstanding by Ofsted, but as of January 2023 had not been inspected since conversion to an Academy on 10 December 2016. It is part of the Wessex Learning Trust with other schools in the Cheddar Valley area.

## History

The school is named after Hugh Sexey (1556–1619), a royal auditor of the Exchequer to Queen Elizabeth I and later King James I. After his death the trustees of his will established Sexey's Hospital in Bruton as an institution to care for the elderly, and Sexey's School in Bruton, which still exists today.
Sexey's School in Blackford was originally opened in 1897 in a barn in nearby Stoughton, with 13 pupils. The Blackford site opened in 1899 with around 60 pupils, of which around 20 were boarders. It became Sexey's Grammar School in 1948, and ceased to be a boarding school in 1966. The 1976 Education Act abolished the tripartite education system of grammar and secondary modern schools in England and Wales. Up to this point, the area was served by Sexey's Grammar School in Blackford, and The Kings of Wessex School (a secondary modern school) in nearby Cheddar. In 1976, the three-tier Cheddar Valley Community Learning Partnership was established, creating a system of first, middle and comprehensive upper schools in the area. The Kings of Wessex School became a comprehensive, Sexey's Grammar School became Hugh Sexey Middle School serving half of the Cheddar Valley, and Fairlands Middle School was established to serve the other half.
In September 2010, Hugh Sexey was one of the first two middle schools in England to be awarded specialist Technology College status.
Previously a voluntary controlled school administered by Somerset County Council, in November 2016 Hugh Sexey Church of England Middle School converted to academy status. The school is now sponsored by the Wessex Learning Trust.

## Notable former pupils

* Jos Buttler (born 1990), current England cricket team wicket-keeper
* Sophie Luff (born 1993), cricketer

### Sexey's Grammar School

* Chris Phillips (1956–2007), former chief executive of Scottish Widows
# Paraburkholderia silvatlantica

Paraburkholderia silvatlantica is a gram-negative, catalase and oxidase-positive nitrogen-fixing bacterium from the genus Paraburkholderia and the family Burkholderiaceae which was isolated from the rhizosphere of maize in Seropédica in Rio de Janeiro. Colonies of Paraburkholderia silvatlantica are cream-coloured with yellow in the centre.
# Paraburkholderia tropica

Paraburkholderia tropica is a species of bacteria in the phylum Pseudomonadota.
# Paraburkholderia symbiotica

Paraburkholderia symbiotica is a gram-negative, catalase and oxidase-positive, aerobic, non-spore-forming, non-motile bacterium from the genus Paraburkholderia and the family Burkholderiaceae which was isolated from root nodules of a Mimosa in north east Brazil.
# St. John Chrysostom Church (Delafield, Wisconsin)

St. John Chrysostom Church, also known as the Episcopal Church of St. John Chrysostom and the Little Red Church on the Hill, is a wooden Episcopal church built in 1852 in Delafield, Waukesha County, Wisconsin. In 1972 it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
St. John's is an active parish in the Episcopal Diocese of Milwaukee. Its current rector is the Rev. Philip J. Cunningham. In 2020, it reported 95 members and 88 average attendance, with $112,495 plate and pledge.

## Background

St John's was built from 1851 to 1853, a wooden structure with Gothic Revival style typified in the vertical emphasis and the pointed arches on the openings. Local tradition holds that Robert Ralston Cox, a founder of the congregation, designed the church, but Richard Perrin, an architectural historian, argues that the design is based on one from Richard Upjohn's book Upjohn's Rural Architecture: Designs, Working Drawings, and Specifications for Wooden Church, and other Rural Structures. Perrin observes that the shape and size of the main structure, the location of pulpit, organ and choir stalls inside, the triple window, and the detail of the interior woodwork are all very close to Upjohn's design. The only major difference is that Upjohn included a tower on the church, whereas St. John's has the bell house as a freestanding structure. Some of the ornamental detail also was added by local craftsmen. Carpenter Alden Kelly added the bargeboards with incised designs and the rood screen inside the church. Blacksmith Jacob Luther forged the wrought-iron hinges to suggest tree branches.
James DeKoven served as the parish's first rector from 1855 until 1859. Bishop Jackson Kemper consecrated the building on May 20, 1856. On February 23, 1972, the building was added to the National Register of Historic Places.
Notable previous clergy include Arthur Anton Vogel, fifth bishop of the Episcopal Diocese of West Missouri, who served as rector from 1953 to 1957.