OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Bernard Kirschenbaum

Bernard Kirschenbaum (born September 3, 1924 in New York City - d. February 16, 2016) was an American artist.

## Biography

Kirschenbaum received his bachelor's degree in design from the Chicago Institute of Design in Chicago in 1952.
In 1974 he created "Twist for Max" and in 1976 "Way Four" which are on permanent display at the Lynden Sculpture Garden in Milwaukee, Wisconsin.
During the years 1985-91 he was a professor at the Royal Institute of Fine Arts in Stockholm. Kirschenbaum is represented in among other collections the Gothenburg Art Museum .
Kirschenbaum's work is represented in New York City by Postmasters.
# Phong Thạnh Đông

Phong Thạnh Đông is a commune (xã) and village in Giá Rai District, Bạc Liêu Province, in south-western Vietnam.
# İrem Altuğ

İrem Altuğ (born 15 September 1980) is a Turkish actress.

## Life and career

She started her career in the show business at the age of 7 when she was nominated the best commercial face in a national talent contest. She has done over 40 commercials and acted in various theater projects as a child actor through the years. Her first profession debut on silver screen was at 1989 by the film Karilar Kogusu in direction of Halit Refig.
To develop her inspirations in acting, she started studying drama at Mimar Sinan University of Conservatory. In 2000, she moved to US and continued her education in the Theater Art Department of San Francisco State University. During her study in California, she has taken different roles in independent films.
In Turkey she has starred in two crime investigation TV series called Seytan Ayrintida Gizlidi and Kayip Araniyor and two drama TV shows known as Ihlamurlar Altinda and Vazgec Gonlum.
She made her second appearance on silver screen in 2006 by the period film of Semir Aslanyurek’s Eve Giden Yol 1914. Later on she starred in the comedy film Kirpi. She performed in the German-Turkish co-production TV film Murder in Bosphorus directed by Michael Kreindl.
In 2009 she starred in the drama Melekler ve Kumarbazlar and her latest feature film is Nar written and directed by Umit Unal which will be released in 2011.
Aside from acting, Irem Altug has been writing short stories and scripts. She wrote a short film script called Love is Blind and co-produced it with the director Ertuğ Tüfekçioğlu. The short film was selected to Cannes Film Festival's Short Film Corner and was awarded “the best short film” in world cinema category at Indianapolis Film Festival.

## Filmography
### Film

* Karılar Koğuşu 1989
* Eve Giden Yol-1914 (İffet) 2006
* Melekler ve Kumarbazlar (Zeynep) 2009
* Kirpi (Çiğdem) 2009

### TV

* Şeytan Ayrıntıda Gizlidir (Zeynep) 2004
* Ihlamurlar Altında (Feride) 2005
* Vazgeç Gönlüm (Bahar) 2007
* Kayıp Aranıyor (Asya) 2011
* Aşk Ekmek Hayaller (Reyhan) 2013
* Çember 2017
* Çukur (Ayşe Koçovalı) 2017–2021
* Kalp Yarası (Feraye) - 2022
* Yalı Çapkını (Sultan) - 2022
# Panhale Kazi

Panhale Kazi is a small village in Ratnagiri district, Maharashtra state in Western India. The 2011 Census of India recorded a total of 510 residents in the village. Panhale Kazi's geographical area is approximately 562 hectares (1,390 acres).
# El Pandeño

El Pandeño hotspring, officially known as "San José de Pandos", is home to the endemic Julimes pupfish (Cyprinodon julimes) considered to be one of the freshwater teleosts that lives at the highest temperatures. This spring is about 700 m$^2$ (7,500 sq ft) in size and located in the Rio Conchos Basin, Chihuahua, Mexico. It is among several springs impacted by increasing pumping that depletes the local groundwater supply. The spring and its aquatic wildlife are under the custody of local NGO Amigos del Pandeño, A.C.
In November 30, 2013, an area of 368 ha (909 Acres) comprising a group of geothermal springs, including "El Pandeño" hotspring was nominated Ramsar site No. 2201: "Manantiales Geotermales de Julimes" (Geothermal Julimes Springs) by the Ramsar Convention on Wetlands on the basis of the unique ecosystems present, and its endemic organisms, including the Julimes pupfish, the isopod Thermosphaeroma macrura and the gastropod Tryonia julimensis, which have adapted to the extreme conditions which these systems present.
# Thomas Lewis (1821–1897)

Thomas Lewis (1821 – 16 April 1897) was a Welsh-born Australian politician.
He was born at Merthyr Tydfil to miner David Lewis and Mary Richards. A coal miner, he migrated to New South Wales around 1857 and settled near Newcastle. In 1860 he was elected to the New South Wales Legislative Assembly for Northumberland, but he resigned in 1862 to become inspector of collieries. On 20 January 1881 he married Catherine Maria Hewlett, with whom he had a daughter. Lewis died at Wollongong in 1897.
# Gu Shiwen

Gu Shiwen (Chinese: 谷士文; pinyin: Gǔ Shìwén; born May 1944) is a Chinese educator and physicist. He previously served as president of Central China Normal University from 2001 to 2003, and president of Hunan University between 2003 and 2005.
Gu is a member of the China Railway Society and Chinese Signal Processing Society.

## Biography

Gu was born and raised in Yuyao, Zhejiang. He entered Beijing Jiaotong University in 1963, majoring in communication science, where he graduated in 1967. From 1967 to 1978 he worked in Liuzhou Railway Bureau. Beginning in 1978, he served in several posts in the School of Railway of Central South University, he was deputy dean in 1989, and four years later promoted to the dean position. In 2000 he was vice-president of Central South University, one year later, he was transferred to Wuhan, capital of Hubei province, and appointed the president of Central China Normal University. He became the president of Hunan University in April 2003, and held that office until July 2005.
# Wigtown (Parliament of Scotland constituency)

Wigtown was a royal burgh that returned one commissioner to the Parliament of Scotland and to the Convention of Estates.
After the Acts of Union 1707, Wigtown, New Galloway, Stranraer and Whithorn formed the Wigtown district of burghs, returning one member between them to the House of Commons of Great Britain.

## List of burgh commissioners

* 1661: Thomas Stewart
* 1662–63, 1665 convention: Adam McKie, provost
* 1667 convention: John McKie, town clerk
* 1669–72: William McKie
* 1673–74: William Cluiston
* 1678 convention: Patrick Stewart, bailie
* 1681–82, 1685–86, 1689 convention, 1689–1702, 1702-07: William Coltrane of Drummorrell, provost
# Sinclair Alexander Whittaker

Sinclair Alexander Whittaker (1888 – July 10, 1974) was a merchant and political figure in Saskatchewan. He represented Moose Jaw County from 1929 to 1934 in the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan as a Conservative.
He was born in Port Perry, Ontario and, in 1910, moved to Briercrest, Saskatchewan. He operated a small chain of general stores in the province. Sinclair helped found the Briercrest Bible Institute and served as chairman of the board for the institute. He also was chairman of the Retail Merchants Association of Saskatchewan. He was defeated by Thomas Waddell when he ran for re-election in 1934.
# Phong Thạnh Tây A

Phong Thạnh Tây A is a rural commune (xã) and village in Phước Long District, Bạc Liêu Province, in south-western Vietnam.
# Pickering Phipps

Pickering Phipps is the name of three related men – father, grandson and great grandson – who were residents of Northampton, England in the 19th and 20th centuries. The first began the Phipps Brewery in Towcester in 1801. The company survives today as Phipps NBC.

## Pickering Phipps I

Pickering Phipps (1772–1830) founded a brewery in Towcester, Northamptonshire in 1801. In 1817, he opened a brewery in Bridge Street, Northampton, near to the River Nene and since 1973, the site of a large Carlsberg brewery by Danish architect Knud Munk. He became mayor of Northampton in 1821. He had five sons, two of whom, Richard and Thomas, inherited the business, as later did a grandson and great grandson, both named Pickering Phipps.

## Pickering Phipps II

Pickering Phipps II (1827–1890), son of Pickering Phipps I's third son Edward, also held tenure as mayor of Northampton between 1860 and 1866, a JP as well as most notably serving as the Conservative Member of Parliament for Northampton from 1874 to 1880 and for South Northamptonshire from 1881 to 1885. He built Collingtree Grange in 1875, which was since demolished, though the entrance lodges and gateway on the A45 road still survive.

## Pickering Phipps III

Pickering Phipps III (1861–1937) became a director of the company in 1886. In 1888, the company built new offices at 8 Gold Street, Northampton. In 1891, the Church of St Matthew in Kettering Road, Northampton was built and paid for by the family in memory of Phipps II. This area of the town southeast of Kettering Road, known as "Phippsville" was built in the 1880s as a spacious, well-to-do suburb of the town. The large houses are now mostly converted into individual flats. Pickering IIIrd's Northampton home on Cliftonville Road is now the head offices and showroom of the Jeffery-West shoe company. He was High Sheriff of Northamptonshire in 1897. He sold the Collingtree Grange Estate to the Sears family in 1913.

## Northampton pubs

Both Pickering Phipps II and his great local rival, the Liberal MP for Northampton Charles Bradlaugh, have pubs named after them in Northampton. Included amongst these is the 'Sir Pickering Phipps' on Wellingborough Road named after Pickering Phipps II, who, despite the name, holds no known evidence of having ever been knighted.
# Ángel Rodríguez (footballer, born 1879)

Ángel Rodríguez Ruiz (13 October 1879 – 10 May 1959) was the founder and first president of the Real Club Deportivo Español. He was also a footballer for the club between 1903 and 1905.

## Biography

Ángel Rodríguez was born in Barcelona as the son of Rafael Rodríguez (1845–1949), an Andalusian doctor and politician settled in Catalonia, who was chancellor of the University of Barcelona from 1902 to 1905, and who stood out for his positioning against the use of Catalan language in the University.
In 1900, when he was studying engineering, at the age of 21, Rodríguez became fond of football after watching a match between English sailors and Català FC. When he was unable to join a team, which were made up of foreigners, whose quality was much better than his own, he thus decided to found a Football Society himself. For this reason, together with two friends, classmates from the University, Octavio Aballí and Luis Roca Navarra, he created a football team which was officially established on 28 October 1900 as the Sociedad Española de Fútbol and debuted on 20 January 1901 under the name Club Español de Fútbol, which would later change to Real Club Deportivo Español in 1910. This group of students led by Rodriguez made the nationality of its members its main hallmark: all of them were Catalan or born in the rest of Spain, and thus differed from most other teams, in which there were a large number of foreigners, especially English. That defining characteristic was forever embodied in his name. Rodríguez was the first president of the entity from its foundation until 1901, as well as one of its first-ever players.
His passion for football become so intense that in 1901, his father, sent him to study in Liège, Belgium. He was replaced by José María Miró, who held the presidency for four years, between 1902 and 1906. Despite the distance, he was always informed of the events of the club, and on some occasions, he had to escape from his school to participate in a meeting. Together with Joaquim Escardó, Ángel Ponz, and Gustavo Green, he was part of the team that won the first edition of the Campionat de Catalunya in 1903–04. In the 1909–10 season, at the age of 30, he played a few friendly matches for the club.
Ángel Rodríguez Ruiz was a member of the State Corps of Industrial Engineers. He died in Barcelona on 10 May 1959, at the age of 79.

## Legacy

On 6 October 2005, the Plaza de Ángel Rodríguez was inaugurated in honor of the founder of RCD Espanyol de Barcelona. On 28 October 2019, RCD Espanyol paid tribute to Ángel Rodríguez with a commemorative plaque, on the 119th anniversary of Espanyol, with an entourage attended by the vice president of the club and his grandson, José Miguel de Nadal Rodríguez, among others. On 28 October 2020, RCD Espanyol's celebrated its 120th anniversary, and the representatives of the club began the day with a visit to the Sant Gervasi cemetery, where they paid homage to the tomb of Ángel Rodríguez, whose grandson also attended the ceremony.
# Valgrana

Valgrana is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Cuneo in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 80 kilometres (50 mi) southwest of Turin and about 14 kilometres (9 mi) northwest of Cuneo.
Valgrana borders the following municipalities: Bernezzo, Caraglio, Montemale di Cuneo, Monterosso Grana, and Rittana.
# Telecommunications in the Falkland Islands

Telecommunications in the Falkland Islands includes radio, television, fixed and mobile telephones, and the Internet.

## Radio and television

* Radio: Radio services provided by the public broadcaster, Falkland Islands Radio Service, broadcasting on both AM and FM frequencies, and by the British Forces Broadcasting Service (BFBS) (2007).
* Radio sets: 1,000 (1997).
* Television: TV service provided by a multi-channel service provider (2007).
* Television sets: 1,008 (2001).
Six free-to-air digital channels are provided by BFBS: BBC One, BBC Two, ITV, Channel 4, Sky News and BFBS Extra for non-military audiences. Entitled personnel within British Forces South Atlantic can also receive Sky Sports 1, Sky Sports 2 and BFBS Sport.
A local subscription service, KTV carries satellite channels such as ESPN, Discovery, CNN International and Turner Classic Movies (from the United States) along with BBC World News from the United Kingdom.

## Telephones

* Calling code: +500
* International call prefix: 00
* Main lines: 1,980 lines in use (2012), 218th in the world.
* Mobile cellular: 3,450 lines, 216th in the world (2012); Cable & Wireless launched "Touch" a GSM 900 mobile service during December 2005; Roaming became partially available in April 2007 depending on providers.
* Domestic: Government-operated radiotelephone and private VHF/CB radiotelephone networks provide effective service to almost all points on both islands (2011). Services in Stanley are delivered via fibre optic and copper. Telephone penetration by household is 100%.
* Satellite earth station: 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) with links through the United Kingdom to other countries (2011).

## Internet

* Top-level domain: .fk
* Internet users: 2,842 users, 208th in the world; 96.9% of the population, 1st in the world (2012).
* Fixed broadband: 1,187 subscriptions, 179th in the world; 40.5% of the population, 5th in the world (2012).
* Wireless broadband: unknown (2012).
* Internet hosts: 110 hosts, 207th in the world (2012).
* Internet Service Providers (ISPs): Sure South Atlantic (formerly Cable & Wireless).
* ADSL services were launched in Stanley in mid-2006.
# Cur Deus Homo

Cur Deus Homo? (Latin for "Why [Was] God a Human?"), usually translated Why God Became a Man, is a book written by Anselm of Canterbury in the period of 1094–1098. In this work he proposes the satisfaction view of the atonement.
Anselm says his reason for writing the book is:
   I have been often and most earnestly requested by many, both personally and by letter, that I would hand down in writing the proofs of a certain doctrine of our faith, which I am accustomed to give to inquirers; for they say that these proofs gratify them, and are considered sufficient. This they ask, not for the sake of attaining to faith by means of reason, but that they may be gladdened by understanding and meditating on those things which they believe; and that, as far as possible, they may be always ready to convince any one who demands of them a reason of that hope which is in us.
# Thomas Rae

Thomas Rae (1819 – 10 December 1862) was a manufacturer and politician in colonial Victoria, a member of the Victorian Legislative Council.

## Early life

Rae was born in Glasgow, Scotland, the son of James Rae and Jean, née Weir. Rae was educated at a public school in Glasgow and became an apprentice engineer.

## Colonial Australia

Rae emigrated to the Port Phillip District in 1848. He joined the firm of Jackson, Rae & Co., his brother being a partner. In November 1855 Rae was elected to the unicameral Victorian Legislative Council for City of Melbourne Rae held that seat until the original Council was abolished in March 1856. Rae became a member of the inaugural Fitzroy council in 1858.
Rae died in at 60 Young Street Fitzroy on 10 December 1862; he had married Janet Love in 1853 in Geelong, there were no children. What about Isobel Rae and Alison Rae, artists?
# The Bastard of Istanbul

The Bastard of Istanbul is a 2006 novel by Elif Shafak, written originally in English and published by Viking Adult. It was translated by Aslı Biçen into her native language Turkish under the title Baba ve Piç in March 2006, and became a bestseller.

## Summary

The story is centred on the characters of Asya Kazancı and Armanoush Tchakhmakhchian. It is set in Tucson, Arizona; San Francisco, California; and Istanbul, Turkey. The novel deals with their families and how they are connected through the events of the 1915 Armenian genocide. At age nineteen, Armanoush travels secretly to Istanbul to search for her Armenian roots.

## Reception

Geraldine Bedell of The Guardian wrote, "The book is important for having drawn attention to the massacres and to the Turks' ambivalence about them, and for what it has exposed about freedom of speech. It's unquestionably an ambitious book, exuberant and teeming. But, perhaps because of the sometimes florid writing, reading it feels like holding a sack from which 20 very angry cats are fighting to escape."
Lorraine Adams of The New York Times wrote, "When the novel's skeleton finally dances out of its flimsy closet, it's clear that although Shafak may be a writer of moral compunction she has yet to become — in English, at any rate — a good novelist. A valuable moment in the klieg lights has been squandered, but Shafak, still in her 30s, has more than enough time to grow into a writer whose artistry matches her ambition."

## Trial against the author

In June 2006, Kemal Kerinçsiz, a nationalist lawyer, sued Elif Shafak for allegedly "insulting Turkishness" in her novel by dealing with the Armenian Genocide in the last years of the Ottoman Empire. The lawsuit was opened at Istanbul's Beyoğlu district court in accordance with Article 301 of the Turkish Criminal Code. After the prosecutor dropped the charges due to lack of insult, the lawyer refiled his complaint at a higher court, the Beyoglu 2nd Court of First Instance, in July 2006.
Shafak faced a sentence of up to three years in prison for the remarks made in her novel. In September 2006, the court, attended also by Joost Lagendijk, co-chair of the delegation to the EU–Turkey Joint Parliamentary Committee, acquitted her of criminal charges due to lack of legal grounds for the crime in question and insufficient evidence in the controversial trial.

## Theatre adaptation

The novel was adapted into a theatre play in Italian language by Angelo Savelli titled La Bastarda Di Istanbul, and was staged by Teatro di Rifredi in Florence, Italy. Its premiere took place on March 3, 2015, starring Turkish actress Serra Yılmaz.
# The Ojai Post

The Ojai Post was a collaborative blog published online in Ojai, California, since 2006. It was the only daily local news source in the Ojai Valley (the primary newspaper in Ojai is the Ojai Valley News, printed on Wednesdays and Fridays). The Ojai Post was non-commercial and had no advertising. The site states that it is currently on hiatus. The original blog posts are no longer archived at the site.

## History

The Ojai Post made its debut on February 27, 2006 with a blog post by founder Tyler Suchman entitled Welcome to The Ojai Post!. It was inspired in part by The Huffington Post, which was launched on May 9, 2005.
The website received considerable visibility in the community with its coverage of the 2006 Day Fire, the sixth largest wildfire in California history. In 2007, The Ojai Post was a key hyperlocal news source for coverage of the Zaca Fire, California's second largest fire in recorded history.
In 2007, The Ojai Post successfully advocated for a chain store ordinance. Ordinance 798 was passed on November 27, 2007 by the City Council of Ojai, amending the Ojai Municipal Code to regulate chain stores. This ordinance began with multiple posts on The Ojai Post in opposition to a proposed Subway (restaurant), followed by a Formula Retail Business Initiative drafted by Ojai Post author and local resident Kenley Neufeld and submitted to the City of Ojai.
In 2009, The Ojai Post led coverage of a black bear that came out of the adjacent wilderness, went up a tree in a downtown residential area and was shot out of the tree by the California Department of Fish and Game. The bear was subsequently nicknamed the "Aliso Street Bear" and, alternately, "Elliot." The story received extensive coverage in the Los Angeles Times, KTLA News, Ventura County Star and other news outlets.
On May 28, 2010, The Ojai Post switched to a new technology platform, migrating from Movable Type to WordPress.

## Authors

As a collaborative blog, The Ojai Post provided un-moderated front page posting privileges to over 35 authors.

### Notable authors

* Bret Bradigan, former Publisher of the Ojai Valley News
* DK Crawford, restaurant critic and freelance writer
* Suza Francina, former mayor of Ojai
* Gay Hendricks, best-selling author on personal growth and relationships
* Howard Smith, past Chairman of the Board of the Ventura County Economic Development Association
* Lisa Snider, host of Radio Ojai and freelance writer
* Kit Stolz, reporter, story analyst and writer for the Los Angeles Times, Grist (magazine), Sierra and others
* Tyler Suchman, founder of The Ojai Post
* John Wilcock, co-founder of the New York Village Voice
# Simon Juach Deng

Simon Juach Deng is a South Sudanese politician and diplomat. Simon is currently the Head of Mission of the Embassy of South Sudan in Kampala, Uganda. Mr. Simon was appointed into the ambassadorial position in October 2022 by President Salva Kiir, replacing Simon Duku.

## Career

Simon Juach, a former child soldier previously served as a humanitarian worker with several organizations before transitioning to politics.
Before his appointment as South Sudan Ambassador to the Republic of Uganda, Simon Juach worked as director of the Department of China Affairs at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation.
In July 2023, Juach revealed that South Sudan would import electric power from the neighboring Uganda before the country transitions into a general election expected at the end of 2024. During the celebration of South Sudan Independence Day in Kampala, Juach called on South Sudanese people living in Uganda to embrace peace and unity and help in the economic recovery of the country from conflict.