OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Tom Medley

Tom Medley (20 March 1920 - 2 March 2014) was an American hot rodder and cartoonist, best known as creator of Stroker McGurk.

## History

Medley was born in Lebanon, Oregon, 20 March 1920. He became interested in auto racing at a young age, and would hitchhike up to 65 mi (105 km) to attend dirt track events.
He served in the U.S. Army's 78th Infantry Division during World War II. After the war ended, he enrolled at California's Art Center School, in Pasadena, California. It was there, like many returning GIs, he became interested in hot rodding.
Medley provided photographic coverage of the land speed racers at Bonneville Speed Weeks, and of the Indianapolis 500, from 1950 to 1964. He began displaying his cartoon creations at a local rod shop, Blair's Speed Shop, which helped get him a job at Hot Rod (when it was still called Honk!) with just its second issue, in February 1948. Medley moved from humor editor to advertising in 1955, and stayed with Petersen Publishing until 1985.
In December 1965, Medley was named publisher of Rod & Custom, which he transformed from a general interest automotive and drag racing magazine (including coverage of karts) to a specialist custom car title. He ran contrary to the trend toward muscle cars and drag racing, and succeeded. Taking that position led to a brief revival of the Stroker McGurk cartoons in the magazine.

## Stroker McGurk

Medley's famed creation, Stroker McGurk, debuted in the third issue of Hot Rod (when it was still called Honk!), and continued in the magazine until 1955. He would reappear briefly in 1964 and 1965, and occasionally in Rod & Custom in the 1980s.
Stroker (as he was always known) drove a trademark 1929 Ford roadster in most of his appearances, but he also innovated a number of things later copied by real-life racers, including multiple-engine dragsters, traction bars, and parachutes.
Medley would create an equivalent character, Flat Out Snodgrass, for Cycle.

## Rodding

After discussions with Tex Smith, Medley helped organize the first Street Rod Nationals in Peoria, Illinois, in summer 1970.
Medley had a favorite 1940 Ford 5-window, which was destroyed in 2011 in a garage fire; family and friends raised US$30,000 to have the car restored, presenting it to him 10 months later.
He was a long-time friend of customizer Dick "Magoo" Megugorac.

## Personal life

Medley had one son, Gary.
He died in Los Angeles on 2 March 2014, after a brief illness, at 93.
# Örencik, Göynük

Örencik is a village in the Göynük District, Bolu Province, Turkey. Its population is 327 (2021).
# Conversio Bagoariorum et Carantanorum

The Conversio Bagoariorum et Carantanorum ("The Conversion of the Bavarians and the Carantanians") is a Latin history written in Salzburg in the 870s. It describes the life and career of Salzburg's founding saint Rupert (d. 710), notably his missionary work in Bavaria, and the activities of the bishops and abbots in the Archdiocese of Salzburg. It concludes with a brief history of Carantania.
The work may have been written by Adalwin himself, the then resident Archbishop of Salzburg. It was intended to give Louis the German a particular historical perspective on a recent collision between the missionary work conducted from Salzburg and that pursued by the brothers Cyril and Methodius, who preached the new religion among the Slavic people of Great Moravia and Pannonia. The 3 manuscripts refer to a church consecrated for Pribina in his domain called Nitrava.

## Editions

* Wolfram, Herwig, ed. (1979). Conversio Bagoariorum et Carantanorum. Vienna: Böhlau.
* Bartoňková, Dagmar; et al., eds. (1969). "Libellus de conversione Bagoariorum et Carantanorum (i.e. Conversio)". Magnae Moraviae fontes historici III. Prague: Statni pedagogicke nakl.
# Tom Osander

Tom Osander aka Tomo (born John Thomas Osander Jr. on 6 October 1966) is an American drummer, percussionist and producer. Osander co-founded seminal New York City based jam band God Street Wine. He is also associated with Damien Rice, Lisa Hannigan, and Hanna Leess.
Born in Princeton, New Jersey Osander was a member of the New York City jam band God Street Wine from 1988 to 1998, recording six albums and performing more than 1,000 shows, touring with bands such as The Allman Brothers, Bruce Hornsby and the Black Crowes.
In 1999 Osander moved to Killarney, Ireland, to briefly join the alternative, Killarney-based rock band Poor Uncle Harry.
He began working with Damien Rice in 2000 and over the next several years recorded both the albums "O" and "9". During his time with Rice he recorded the Billie Holiday song Don't Explain with Herbie Hancock for his 2005 Possibilities album
In the summer of 2007 he left Rice to concentrate on Lisa Hannigan's solo career, recording her first album Sea Sew in 2008 and touring with her until 2010. The album was nominated for the Mercury Music Prize in 2009.
In 2010 Osander relocated to Berlin, Germany and recorded and/or toured with various artists including Gemma Hayes, Erik Penny, Ultan Conlon, Peter Doran and American singer Hanna Leess, with whom he co-produced her 2016 album Dirty Mouth Sweet Heart on PIAS/CNTCT Recordings.
Also in 2010 God Street Wine reformed to play several reunion shows. The band would continue to perform sporadically up to present day. These reunion shows included several dates as the "Friends" in Grateful Dead bassist Phil Lesh and Friends in January 2013.
Osander, with his partner Tanja Raab, have produced several benefit shows over the years under the name Double Donkey Productions. These include the 2004 Concert for Bam (in aid of the victims of the Stephens Day earthquake in Iran) at Vicar Street in Dublin and the 2010 Thomastown Community Kindergarten Benefit featuring Paul Noonan and Gavin Glass at the Bridgebrook Arms in Kilkenny, Ireland.

## Selected Discography

With Damien Rice
* O (2002)
* 9 (2006)
With Lisa Hannigan
* Sea Sew (2008)
With God Street Wine
* Bag (1992)
* Who's Driving? (1993)
* $1.99 Romances (1994)
* Red (1995)
* God Street Wine (1997)
* Good to the Last Drop - Live (2000)
* 25th Anniversary Boxed Set (2013)
* This Fine Town (2019)
With Herbie Hancock
* Possibilities (2005)
With Lo Faber
* Bottomland (2019)
With Hanna Leess
* Dirty Mouth Sweet Heart (2016)
With Sonny Casey
* Phoebe (2021)
With Eilon Freeman
* Bare Naked in the Cold (2023)
With Port Noo
* In The Middle Of Everything (2017)
With Peter Doran
* Outlines (2014)
With Crossmoke
* Rock Is Dead (2020)
With Kieran McMahon
* Soul Bird (2015)
With Margaret Healy
* Girls, Boys and Clockwork Toys (2009)
# Contributions to the History of Concepts

Contributions to the History of Concepts is a biannual peer-reviewed academic journal covering studies in conceptual history. It is an official journal of the History of Concepts Group. It is published by Berghahn Journals and affiliated to the University of Helsinki Centre for Intellectual History.

## History

When the History of Political and Social Concepts Group (now named History of Concepts Group) was founded in 1998, it established a History of Concepts Newsletter. This newsletter was first published at the Huizinga Institute (University of Amsterdam) and then at the Renvall Institute for Area and Cultural Studies (Helsinki University). In 2005, the newsletter was replaced by Contributions to the History of Concepts. The journal's founding editor-in-chief was João Feres, Jr. (Universidade Cândido Mendes). In its first years, the journal was hosted and sponsored by the Instituto Universitário de Pesquisas do Rio de Janeiro (Universidade Cândido Mendes) and published by Brill Publishers, until it moved to Berghahn journals in 2010 and was sponsored by the Van Leer Jerusalem Institute until 2016.
In 2017 substantial changes took place. The team of editors changed to Margrit Pernau, Jan Ifversen, and Jani Marjanen. They were joined by Rieke Trimcev and Gabriel Entin as book review editors, as well as Frederik Schröer and Luc Wodzicki as social media editors. Since 1 January 2017 until April 2022 the journal was affiliated with the University of Helsinki Centre for Intellectual History.
Since 2022, the Department of History at Bielefeld University hosts and sponsors the journal. In the same year, a large part of the team changed alongside the affiliation. After the reorganisation, the editorial team consists of Gabriel Entin, Jan Ifversen, Margrit Pernau, and Silke Schwandt. They are joined by Ilana Brown as the managing editor, Rieke Trimçev and Frederik Schröer as book review editors, with Olga Sabelfeld and Michael Götzelmann as social media editors.
The journal is abstracted and indexed in Scopus.
# Tom Dixon

Tom or Tommy Dixon may refer to:
* Tom Dixon (American football) (born 1961), American football player
* Tom Dixon (catcher) (1906–1982), Negro league baseball catcher
* Tom Dixon (pitcher) (born 1955), Major League Baseball pitcher
* Tom Dixon (Canadian football) (born 1960), kicker in the Canadian Football League
* Tom Dixon (hurler) (1930–2003), Irish hurler
* Tom Dixon (industrial designer) (born 1959), British designer
* Tommy Dixon (footballer, born 1929) (1929–2014), English footballer
* Tommy Dixon (footballer, born 1882) (1882–1941), English footballer
* Tommy Dixon (footballer, born 1899) (1899–?), English footballer
# Constantia (ship)

Several vessels have been named Constantia. The list below is in chronological order by year of launch.
* Constantia (1782 ship) was launched at Delft for the Dutch East India Company (VOC). She made several voyages between the Netherlands and the Dutch East Indies before the British Royal Navy captured her in 1795 when the British occupied Malacca.
* Constantia (1816 ship), was launched at Swansea in 1816. She sailed as a coaster, and across the Atlantic, making at least two voyages bringing immigrants to Canada. In April 1832, she was the first of four ships that arrived at Quebec within a month with passengers having died of cholera. She and the vessels that followed her introduced the 1826–1837 cholera pandemic to North America as it spread from Quebec to the rest of Canada and down to the United States. She was last listed in 1848.
* Constantia (1822 ship), of 22153⁄94, or 239 tons (bm), was built by Campbell and Shepphard in Wolfe's Cove. She sailed from Quebec, arrived at Bristol in mid-November 1822, and was sold there. Constantia sailed from Bristol in early March 1823. On 13 May, she was wrecked in Gabaron Bay, Cape Breton Island. The crew and all eight passengers were saved and reached shore. The point where the passengers and crew landed was some 40 miles (64 km) from Sydney, Nova Scotia. Local vessels took them there where they were well looked after. Six passengers eventually reached Quebec (one couple stayed at Sydney), on 8 June in the shallop Jane. Much of the cargo was also saved. On 14 and 15 July 1823 two schooners, Margaret and Lively, brought portions to Quebec, and on 14 October the immigrant brig Emperor Alexander, Watt, master, arrived from the wreck with the remainder of Constantia's stores and cargo.
* SS Constantia (1890), of 772 GRT was launched at Björneborg, Finland in 1890. British owners purchased her in 1918 for use as a coaster; SM UB-21 torpedoed and sank her on 5 May 1918.
* SS Constantia (1945) was a Victory-class cargo ship, one of three that founded the South African Marine Corporation in 1946.
# Constantia Eriksdotter

Constantia Eriksdotter (1560–1649) was the illegitimate daughter of Eric XIV of Sweden and Agda Persdotter. She was called "The Queen of Tiveden".

## Life

Constantia Eriksdotter and her sister Virginia were removed from their mother's custody when she married in 1561. This was illegal, as according to the law the mother had sole custody until the children reached the age of three. They were placed first in the court of Princess Cecilia of Sweden, then that of Princess Elizabeth of Sweden (1564), and finally that of queen Karin Månsdotter. In 1573, she visited her deposed father in prison, and was possibly the last family member to see him alive.
On 13 January 1594, she married the English nobleman Henry Frankelin, courtier to her uncle Charles IX of Sweden. The same year, she was awarded nine estates in Väne parish in Bohuslän by her cousin king Sigismund III Vasa. In 1595, she was further granted Bocksjö Manor in the parish of Tiveden in Västergötland, where she chose to reside. As a widow after 1610, she mainly lived at Odenfors gard in Linköpings kommun outside Vreta. She died at Östergötland and was buried together with her husband at Undenäs Old Church in Undenäs parish (Undenäs socken) in Skaraborg County. A moonstone belonging to Constantia is still kept in the Undenäs church.

## Issue

* Carl Frankelin (d. 1631), major, fell at Greifswald when occupied under the Treaty of Stettin.
* Johan Frankelin
* Maria Catharina Frankelin (d. 1661), married to governor and nobleman Anders Koskull (1594-1676)
* Elisabet Frankelin (d. 1655), married to Christian Frost (d. 1631)
# E przewalskii

E przewalskii may refer to:
* Equus przewalskii (Przewalski's horse)
* Eolagurus przewalskii (Przewalski's steppe lemming)
* Ephedra przewalskii
# East Kilbride (disambiguation)

East Kilbride may refer to:
* East Kilbride, the town in the South Lanarkshire council area of Scotland
* East Kilbride Holyrood constituency, the constituency of the Scottish Parliament created in 1999
* East Kilbride Westminster constituency, the historic constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, 1974 to 2005
# Copelatus laccophilinus

Copelatus laccophilinus is a species of diving beetle. It is part of the genus Copelatus in the subfamily Copelatinae of the family Dytiscidae. It was described by Sharp in 1882.
# Convolute (botany)

Convolute as a verb literally means to "roll together" or "roll around", from the Latin convolvere. In general application the word can mean to "tangle" or "complicate", but in botanical descriptions convolute usually is an adjective from the Latin convolutus, meaning "rolled around". It commonly refers to a special class of imbricate structures — those where the overlapping edges of leaves, scales or similar elements are spirally wrapped, each scale having one edge within the previous scale and one outside the next scale. In the family Restionaceae the leaf sheaths commonly are convolute in this sense. However in structures such as a spathe, where there is only one element, a convolute (or "convolutive") element is spirally wrapped around itself or its branch. This is common in the buds of leaves and inflorescences of members of the family Araceae.
# Tokai University Boarding School in Denmark

Tokai University Boarding School in Denmark (TUBS; 東海大学付属デンマーク校中学部・高等部 Tōkai Daigaku Fuzoku Denmāku Kō Chūgakubu Kōtōbu) was a Japanese international school in Præstø, Denmark. It was affiliated with Tokai University, and had junior high school and senior high school students. This school was an overseas branch of a Japanese private school, or a Shiritsu zaigai kyōiku shisetsu (私立在外教育施設). It was founded in 1988, and it closed in 2008.
After the school's closure, Bosei Sports High School was opened on the former campus. This school was established by local Danish authorities in conjunction with Tokai.
# Tokaikko Junjō

"Tokaikko Junjō" (都会っ子 純情, City-bred Girl's Innocence) is the third major single from the Japanese pop group Cute, released on October 17, 2007 on the Zetima label.
The CD single was released in two versions: Regular Edition and Limited Edition, the latter included a bonus DVD with a concert performance. It debuted at number 3 in the Oricon Weekly Singles Chart, remaining in the chart for 4 weeks.
On October 31, the Single V containing the "Tokaikko Junjō" music video appeared.
As of November 28, 2007, the single has sold 38,085 copies, making it their highest-selling single to date, and also the second-best selling Hello! Project Kids single after Buono!'s debut single "Honto no Jibun".
On December 30, 2007, for the single "Tokaikko Junjō" C-ute received the Japan Record Award for Best New Artist.

## Description

The selected lead singer for Tokaikko Junjō is Airi Suzuki. The Minor Vocals for Tokaikko Junjō are Mai Hagiwara and Saki Nakajima, they get 3 and 2 solo lines. Maimi Yajima also gets a solo line and 2 paragraphs of soliloquy. Its dance performance designated Airi Suzuki, Mai Hagiwara and Saki Nakajima as choreographical centre, but in the middle of the song, Airi Suzuki and Maimi Yajima are the center positions.

## Track listing

All tracks are written by Tsunku

## Charts

| Chart (2007) | Peak position | Weeks on chart |
| Oricon Weekly Singles Chart | 3 | 4 |

## Awards
### Japan Record Awards

The Japan Record Awards is a major music awards show held annually in Japan by the Japan Composer's Association.
| Year | Nominee / work | Award | Result |
| 2007 | Cute "Tokaikko Junjō" | New Artist | Won |
| 2007 | Cute "Tokaikko Junjō" | Best New Artist | Won |

#### See also

* 49th Japan Record Awards
# Constantin Drăgănescu

Constantin Drăgănescu (27 September 1936 – 26 March 2020) was a Romanian actor. He appeared in more than fifty films since 1972.

## Selected filmography

| Year | Title | Role |
| 1995 | Dark Angel: The Ascent | |
| 1997 | The Man of the Day | |
| 2001 | Everyday God Kisses Us On The Mouth | |
| 2001 | Stuff and Dough | Ovidiu's father |
| 2002 | Philanthropy | |
| 2004 | Italiencele | |
| 2009 | Regina | Dr. David |
| 2010 | Iubire și Onoare | Marcel |
| 2013 | The Japanese Dog | |
| 2018 | Pup-o, mă! | The old peasant |
| 2020 | Otto Barbarul / Otto the Barbarian | Bubu |
# Copper underwing

The copper underwing, humped green fruitworm or pyramidal green fruitworm (Amphipyra pyramidea) is a moth of the family Noctuidae. The species was first described by Carl Linnaeus in his 1758 10th edition of Systema Naturae.

## Distribution

This species can be found across the Palaearctic region including Europe, North Africa, the Near East, Iran, southern Siberia, northern India, Korea and Japan. It is rather common over the southern half of Britain.

## Description

This species has a wingspan of 47–54 mm, the female usually slightly larger than the male. The forewings are brown marked with paler fascia and a pale, dark-centred stigma. The hindwings are a rich bright copper colour (hence the common name of "copper underwing").
It is very similar to Svensson's copper underwing (Amphipyra berbera) but identification is usually fairly straightforward by looking at some markings on the forewings, the detail of the labial palps and at the underside of the hindwings. This species has a pale area in the centre of the hindwings, contrasting with much darker marginal areas, while in A. berbera the whole underwing is more or less uniform in colour. See Townsend et al. The larva is green with white markings and a pointed hump at the rear end.

## Differentiation of A. pyramidea from A. berbera

* A. pyramidea - red arrow points out a difference
* A. berbera - red arrows point out a difference
* Caterpillars of A. pyramidea (top) and A. berbera

## Biology

It is a univoltine species. Hatching season is as early as June in some climates but they usually hatch July to October. Eggs are laid in deciduous trees. Larva can be found as early as April in some climates but usually emerge in May–June. A pyramidea flies at night from August to October and is attracted to light and strongly to sugar. It feeds on a variety of trees and shrubs, including ash tree (Fraxinus), privet (Ligustrum), honeysuckle (Lonicera), apple (Malus), oak (Quercus), Rhododendron, rose, wild service tree (Sorbus) and lilac (Syringa). The species overwinters as an egg.
* ^ The flight season refers to the British Isles. This may vary in other parts of the range.

## Gallery

* Larva
* Moth
* Mounted specimen
* Illustration
# East Myne

East Myne is a univallate Iron Age hill fort enclosure in the West Somerset district of Somerset, England. The hill fort is situated approximately 1.1 miles (1.8 km) west from the town of Minehead. The hill fort is considered to be a deserted post-medieval farmstead.

## Background

Hill forts developed in the Late Bronze and Early Iron Age, roughly the start of the first millennium BC. The reason for their emergence in Britain, and their purpose, has been a subject of debate. It has been argued that they could have been military sites constructed in response to invasion from continental Europe, sites built by invaders, or a military reaction to social tensions caused by an increasing population and consequent pressure on agriculture. The dominant view since the 1960s has been that the increasing use of iron led to social changes in Britain. Deposits of iron ore were located in different places to the tin and copper ore necessary to make bronze, and as a result trading patterns shifted and the old elites lost their economic and social status. Power passed into the hands of a new group of people. Archaeologist Barry Cunliffe believes that population increase still played a role and has stated "[the forts] provided defensive possibilities for the community at those times when the stress [of an increasing population] burst out into open warfare. But I wouldn't see them as having been built because there was a state of war. They would be functional as defensive strongholds when there were tensions and undoubtedly some of them were attacked and destroyed, but this was not the only, or even the most significant, factor in their construction".
# Tom Kennedy (British politician)

Thomas Kennedy PC (25 December 1874 – 3 March 1954) was a British Labour politician.

## Biography

Kennedy was born in Kennethmont, Aberdeenshire, and became a railway clerk. He joined the Social Democratic Federation (SDF) and soon became its organiser for Aberdeen, standing for Parliament in Aberdeen North in the 1906 and January 1910 general elections. He supported the SDF's formation of the British Socialist Party (BSP) and became its National Organiser in 1913, but in 1914 left to fight in World War I. As a supporter of the War, he left the BSP in 1916 to join the new National Socialist Party. He became the editor of the Social Democrat, successor to Justice.
His first wife, Christian Farquharson, whom he married in 1905, was also a socialist, having attended the International Socialist Congress in Paris in 1900. She died in 1917 and he subsequently remarried.
He was Labour Member of Parliament (MP) for Kirkcaldy Burghs from 1921 to 1922, from 1923 to 1931 and from 1935 to 1944 and also unsuccessfully fought the 1932 Montrose Burghs by-election. He was Scottish Labour Whip in 1921–1922 and from 1923 to 1925. He served in Government as a Lord Commissioner of the Treasury in 1924, in opposition as Deputy Chief Whip (1925–1927) and Chief Whip of the Labour Party (1927–1931) and again in Government as Parliamentary Secretary to the Treasury from 1929 to 1931.
He was appointed a Privy Counsellor in the 1931 New Year Honours.
He died on 3 March 1954.