OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Planning (cognitive)

Cognitive planning is one of the executive functions. It encompasses the neurological processes involved in the formulation, evaluation and selection of a sequence of thoughts and actions to achieve a desired goal. Various studies utilizing a combination of neuropsychological, neuropharmacological and functional neuroimaging approaches have suggested there is a positive relationship between impaired planning ability and damage to the frontal lobe.
A specific area within the mid-dorsolateral frontal cortex located in the frontal lobe has been implicated as playing an intrinsic role in both cognitive planning and associated executive traits such as working memory.
Disruption of the neural pathways, via various mechanisms such as traumatic brain injury, or the effects of neurodegenerative diseases between this area of the frontal cortex and the basal ganglia specifically the striatum (cortico-striatal pathway), may disrupt the processes required for normal planning function.
Individuals who were born with very low birth weight (VLBW - <1500 grams) and extremely low birth weight (ELBW) are at greater risk of various cognitive deficits including planning ability.

## Neuropsychological test

There are a variety of neuropsychological tests which can be used to measure variance of planning ability between the subject and controls.
* Tower of Hanoi (TOH-R), a puzzle invented in 1883 by the French mathematician Édouard Lucas. There are variations of the puzzle - the classic version consists of three rods and usually seven to nine discs of subsequently smaller size. Planning is a key component of the problem solving skills necessary to achieve the objective, which is to move the entire stack to another rod, obeying the following rules:
** Only one disk may be moved at a time.
** Each move consists of taking the upper disk from one of the rods and sliding it onto another rod, on top of the other disks that may already be present on that rod.
** No disk may be placed on top of a smaller disk.
* Tower of London (TOL) is another test that was developed in 1982 (Shallice 1982) specifically to detect deficits in planning as may occur with damage to the frontal lobe. test participants with damage to the left anterior frontal lobe demonstrated planning deficits (i.e., greater number of moves required for solution).
In test, participants with damage to the right anterior, and left or right posterior areas of the frontal lobes showed no impairment. The results implicating the left anterior frontal lobes involvement in solving the TOL were supported in concomitant neuroimaging studies which also showed a reduction in regional cerebral blood flow to the left pre-frontal lobe. For the number of moves, a significant negative correlation was observed for the left prefrontal area, i.e. subjects that took more time planning their moves showed greater activation in the left prefrontal area.
# Edward Bradley (colonel)

Edward Bradley was an American military colonel who served in the American Revolution, the War of 1812, and the Creek War. Bradley County, Tennessee, is named in his honor.

## Biography

Edward Bradley was born in Sumner County, Tennessee. During the American Revolution, Bradley served as colonel of Hale's Regiment of Militia. He served as Lieutenant Colonel in the 15th Regiment of the Tennessee Volunteers during the War of 1812. He also served in the Creek War.
Although much is unknown about Bradley, he was a horse racing enthusiast, having helped construct a track in Nashville and create a Jockey Club there, and was friends with Andrew Jackson, with whom he co-owned race horses. Bradley moved to Shelby County, Tennessee around 1820. He was also a landowner in Davidson County. Bradley served on the Shelby County Court until his death in 1829.
After Bradley's death, a movement arose to perpetuate his memory. The Tennessee General Assembly created Bradley County on February 10, 1836, naming it in his honor.
# Paronkh

Paronkh (Paroṅkh) is a village in Mainpuri block of Mainpuri district, Uttar Pradesh. A minor battle took place here in 1562; it was the first time the Mughal emperor Akbar personally commanded troops in battle. There are ruins of an old fort in the village. As of 2011, Paronkh has a population of 2,413, in 411 households.

## Geography

Paronkh is located on the Isan River,$^{:251}$ 10 km$^{:147}$ southwest of Mainpuri. In the village there is a mound, or khera, with the ruins of an old fort.$^{:251}$

## History

Paronkh was the site of the Battle of Paronkh, in early 1562. This was a minor battle fought between a "punitive force" under the Mughal emperor Akbar, consisting of 200 men and 200 elephants, and a group of about 400 local brigands from a group of eight villages in pargana Sakit. The Akbarnama, written by Akbar's official court historian Abu'l-Fazl ibn Mubarak, contains a narrative account of the battle.$^{:89–92}$$^{:251}$ Although it was a minor event, Paronkh is notable for being the first battle that Akbar personally led troops in.$^{:91}$

## Demographics

As of 2011, Paronkh had a population of 2,413, in 411 households.$^{:107}$ This population was 53.4% male (1,289) and 46.6% female (1,124). The 0-6 age group numbered 386 (204 male and 182 female), or 16.0% of the total population. 402 residents were members of Scheduled Castes, or 16.7% of the total.$^{:88–9}$
The 1981 census recorded Paronkh as having a population of 1,920 people, in 269 households.$^{:146–7}$
The 1961 census recorded Paronkh as comprising 2 hamlets, with a total population of 1,147 people (622 male and 525 female), in 215 households and 209 physical houses. The area of the village was given as 927 acres.$^{:lxxx}$

## Infrastructure

As of 2011, Paronkh had 1 primary school and 1 primary health centre. Drinking water was provided by tap, well, hand pump, and tube well; there were no public toilets. The village had a post office and public library, as well as at least some access to electricity for residential and agricultural purposes. Streets were made of both kachcha and pakka materials.$^{:107–12}$
# Damla, Araç

Damla is a village in the Araç District of Kastamonu Province in Turkey. Its population is 61 (2021).
# Thames & Mersey Marine Insurance

Thames & Mersey Marine Insurance was a large British marine insurance company that operated from 1860 until it was acquired in 1911, but the name continued to be used until the 1960s.

## History

Before 1860, Liverpool’s marine insurance rested on local syndicates, Lloyd’s of London or a small number of London companies. In 1859, John Towne Danson, a Liverpool barrister, published a pamphlet asserting that Liverpool had 50% of UK exports but most of its insurance was written elsewhere. He proposed a new joint stock company, Mersey Marine Insurance Company with £500,000 capital. A search for an experienced London underwriter to head the Company uncovered a similar marine proposal in London, headed by a Mr S. Sleigh. It was agreed that the two companies should be merged and a prospectus was published for the Thames & Mersey Marine Insurance.
The capital was allocated as to London 45 per cent, Liverpool 30 per cent and Manchester 25 per cent. The company’s status was changed two years after its formation when it became possible for insurance companies to obtain limited liability under the Companies Act 1862. The Liverpool office became increasingly dominant and, by 1870, it accounted for 59 per cent of combined premium income. The Thames & Mersey Insurance Company was slow to appoint overseas underwriting agents but Liverpool took the initiative in 1870 by appointing an agent in San Francisco. As the overseas coverage increased, each of the UK offices developed its own area of interest.
In 1911 Liverpool and London Globe Insurance, a fire insurer, bought Thames & Mersey for £900,000. The Thames and Mersey was then the largest pure marine insurer, but its profitability had come under pressure: its ratio of claims and expenses to premium income had risen from 70 per cent in 1901 to a loss-making 102 per cent in 1906. Following the acquisition, a single Board for Thames and Mersey was established in Liverpool with London and Manchester as branches. In 1919 Liverpool and London merged with its local competitor, Royal Insurance.
The Thames and Mersey seemed to operate as an autonomous entity at least until 1960, when the company’s official history ended. Its archives for the period until 1961 are deposited at the Liverpool Record Office.
# Zero Mile metro station

Zero Mile Freedom Park is an elevated metro station on the North-South corridor of the Orange Line of Nagpur Metro in the city of Nagpur, Maharashtra. It is named after the nearby Zero Mile Stone which was built in 1907 to mark the Great Trigonometrical Survey of India. The station was opened on 21 August 2021.

## Design

The Nagpur Metro Rail Corporation (now Mahametro) launched a global competition on 5 June 2015 inviting bids for the Zero Mile and Sitaburdi metro stations. Twenty-three architecture firms submitted designs in response. The metro authority shortlisted 13 firms for the detailed design stage, and eventually requested four firms to submit designs. A panel of architects appointed by the authority to pick the winning design, and the preliminary design of the winning entry was unveiled by the metro authority in May 2016.
The Zero Mile station is a 20-storey building with two basements. The building's facade is made of locally-sourced glass and stone. It is located on a 12,000 square metre plot of land on Wardha Road. Mahametro completed the demolition of a two-storey building of the fisheries department that was previously located on the site in January 2018.
The station is equipped with 8 escalators, 10 lifts, and also features multi-level parking with a capacity to accommodate 244 cars. Apart from the metro station and related facilities, the station building also contains hotels, restaurants, commercial places, offices, and a banquet hall. Zero Mile station also provides connectivity with the heritage walk around the Zero Mile Stone and Shaheed Smarak monuments. Also located near the station are an amphitheatre and a survey museum that will display the results of surveys conducted during the British Raj.
A Potain Tower Crane was utilized to speed up construction of the station.

## Station layout

Zero Mile Freedom Park track layout :
Legend :
Station with two tracks and two side platforms :
| G | Street level | Exit/Entrance |
| L1 | Mezzanine | Fare control, station agent, Metro Card vending machines, crossover |
| L2 | Side platform | Doors will open on the left | Side platform | Doors will open on the left |
| L2 | Platform 2 Southbound | Towards → Khapri Next Station: Sitabuldi Change at the next station for Aqua Line |
| L2 | Platform 1 Northbound | Towards ← Automotive Square Next Station: Kasturchand Park |
| Side platform | Doors will open on the left | |
| L2 | | |
# China–Mongolia–Russia Economic Corridor

The China–Mongolia–Russia Economic Corridor is one of the six major land corridors of China's global infrastructure development initiative, the Belt and Road Initiative.

## History

The China–Mongolia–Russia Economic Corridor is one of the six major land corridors of China's global infrastructure development initiative, the Belt and Road Initiative.$^{:39}$ Its goal is to increase infrastructural and economic ties between cities including Beijing, Ulaanbaatar, Novosibirsk, Omsk, Yekaterinburg, and Saint Petersburg.$^{:39}$
The development of the corridor requires significant cooperation from Russia.$^{:39}$ Progress has been slowed following the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine and the subsequent deterioration of Russia-European Union Relations.$^{:39}$
In January 2024, Mongolia stated that it was seeking to establish a China-Mongolia-Russia summit to coordinate economic development, including of the economic corridor.
# XHGX-FM

XHGX-FM is a radio station on 92.5 FM in San Luis de la Paz, Guanajuato, Mexico. XHGX carries the La Mejor grupera format from MVS Radio.

## History

XHGX began as XEGX-AM 1480, which received its concession on July 30, 1969. It later moved to 800 kHz.
After steady power increases over the years, XEGX migrated to FM in 2011 on 92.5 MHz.
# Slightly Terrific

Slightly Terrific is a 1944 American comedy film directed by Edward F. Cline and written by Edward Dein and Stanley Davis. The film stars Leon Errol, Anne Rooney, Eddie Quillan, Richard Lane, Betty Kean, Ray Malone, Lillian Cornell, Donald Novis and Lorraine Krueger. The film was released on May 5, 1944, by Universal Pictures.

## Cast

* Leon Errol as James P. Tuttle / John P. Tuttle
* Anne Rooney as Julie Bryant
* Eddie Quillan as Charlie Young
* Richard Lane as Mike Hamilton
* Betty Kean as Marie Mason
* Ray Malone as Joey Bryant
* Lillian Cornell as Gypsy Queen
* Donald Novis as Patrick Michael O'Toole
* Lorraine Krueger as Peggy
* Jayne Forrest as Valerie
* Lee Bennett as Freddie Jordan
# Glossary of Russian and USSR aviation acronyms: Weapons and armament

This is a glossary of acronyms and initials used for aircraft weapons in the Russian Federation and formerly the USSR. The Latin-alphabet names are phonetic representations of the Cyrillic originals, and variations are inevitable.
# Planning Alternative Tomorrows with Hope

Planning Alternative Tomorrows with Hope (PATH) is a strengths-based person-centred planning process developed by John O'Brien, Marsha Forest and Jack Pearpoint. The PATH process is designed to help a focus person establish their own vision for their life and imagine what supports and connections will help them achieve this vision.

## Description

PATH is a strengths-based person-centred planning process developed by John O'Brien, Marsha Forest and Jack Pearpoint, who also developed the McGill Action Planning System (MAPS). The PATH process is designed to help a focus person establish their own vision for their life and imagine what supports and connections will help them achieve this vision. Unlike other person-centred planning processes, PATH is also intended to be a community-building opportunity, and is not limited to existing service systems. The focus person chooses persons from their circles of support who are invited to their PATH meetings, and it is encouraged to include not only service providers but also those who share a common identity or culture with the focus person. PATH is designed to develop a comprehensive plan and goals to work towards. In PATH, a service plan is only the response of one of the parties for how they can contribute toward the focus person's vision for their life. PATH includes and stresses documentation and structures of accountability, since follow through by support persons is essential for client wellbeing. It is especially suited for situations where all participants are already familiar with the focus person, since it does not include information gathering components.
PATH is one of the main person-centred planning tools in use, along with Essential Lifestyle Planning, personal futures planning, Individual Service Design, Making Actions Happen (MAP), circles of support, Group Action Planning (GAP), and the McGill Action Planning System (MAPS).

## PATH implementation steps

* Form a team
* Determine desired outcome
* Arrange a facilitator
* Assure participation of the person whose future is being planned
* Hold the session
* Follow up

## PATH planning session steps

The PATH steps proceed backwards from an ideal future, steadily working from toward concrete actions. This is unique among PCP approaches
* Imagine your dream, that reflects your ideals, identity, and values
* Choose your focus for the upcoming year.
* Where are you at now?
* Identify people to enroll on the journey
* Recognize ways to build strength
* Chart actions for the next few months
* Plan the next three months
* Commit to the first step

## Reception

PATH is popular partially because of the wealth of resources available PATH has been adapted for use in classrooms with the group being classmates, or potentially including parents. There are many books which use PATH in school environments. PATH has been implemented in many countries including Canada, Italy, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, and the United States.
# Crewe manuscript

The Crewe manuscript is the only manuscript copy of Samuel Taylor Coleridge's poem Kubla Khan. It is a holograph manuscript (i.e., written in Coleridge's own hand), from some time between the poem's composition in 1797 and its publication in 1816. It presumed not to be the first draft of the poem, but rather a "fair copy" written out legibly for publication, though it has some minor differences from the final published poem.
In 1934, a copy of the poem written by Coleridge himself sometime before its publication in 1816 was discovered in a private library. The so-called Crewe Manuscript was sent by Coleridge to his sister-in-law Mrs. Southey, who later gave it or sold it to a private autograph collector. It was auctioned in 1859 and purchased by another autograph collector for the price of one pound fifteen pence. It passed to the Marquess of Crewe, who donated it in 1962 to the British Museum. It is now on display at the British Library.
The Crewe Manuscript has a number of small changes, and three notable differences, from the final version published in 1816. The three biggest differences between the versions are:
* Coleridge changed the size and description of the garden, from "twice six miles... compass'd round" in the manuscript to "twice five miles.... girdled round" in the publication.
* Line 17 changed its description of the chasm, from "From forth this chasm with hideous Turmoil seething" to "And from this chasm, with ceaseless turmoil seething."
* Most significantly, the "Abyssynian maid" was changed from singing of "Mount Amara" in the manuscript to "Mount Abora" in the published version. Mount Amara is a real place, notably mentioned in Paradise Lost by John Milton, whereas Mount Abora was purely imaginary, evidently chosen simply for the beauty of its sound.
# Paradeisos (archaeological site)

41°03′57.6″N 24°45′16.6″E﻿ / ﻿41.066000°N 24.754611°E﻿ / 41.066000; 24.754611
Paradeisos is an archaeological site located in the region of Eastern Macedonia and Thrace in Northern Greece, on a flat hilltop at the west bank of the river Nestos. The site is known today as 'Klisi Tepe', named after the ruins of a Byzantine church, and archaeological excavations were started by the Swedish Institute at Athens in 1975. To the north are the Rhodope Mountains, while to the south the river Nestos has created a large plain, that extends 30 km towards the Aegean Sea. The settlement was probably located closer to the coastline, which has since expanded. The Via Egnatia, the Roman road connecting Durrës and Constantinople have crossed the river Nestos here at least since Hellenistic times (possibly following an earlier road).

## History of excavations

The archaeologist Rainer Felsch first encountered the site in 1972 and noted surface finds indicating the presence of human activity from the Late Neolithic period to the Bronze Age. Swedish archaeologists Erik J. Holmberg and Pontus Hellström travelled through the area of Paradeisos searching of potential excavation sites in 1975. Holmberg and Hellström had a special interest in the Late Bronze Age and believed Paradeisos to be the most promising site for this research. Excavations were conducted on this site in 1976 between September and October. Five small trenches were opened during the campaign with finding of approximately 400 kg of pottery and several figurines from the late Neolithic period. Holmberg and Hellström's original focus were on the Bronze Age in the region. However, it soon became clear that the remains at Paradeisos was mostly from the Late Neolithic period.

## Description of the ancient remains

During the fieldwork the primary find category was graphite painted pottery from the Late Neolithic period. The pottery consisted mostly of decorated bowls, jars with handles and large plates. In terms of decoration only the graphite ware was well preserved enough to show visible forms of patterns, which included lines, chevron patterns and triangular shaped eyes.
Similar graphite painted pottery has also been found at Kastro, Thasos, also known as Kastri. Thasos is a Greek island in the northern Aegean Sea.
Figurines discovered were all from Late Neolithic layers. Four of the figurines depicted humans and three represented animals. Another three fragments of figurines could not be identified. The human faces found vary in shape from oval or conical to a flat head with pierced ears. The animal figurines depict what may be a bear or a dog. The finds from the excavation are currently being stored in the Archaeological Museum of Kavala.
# Damias caerulescens

Damias caerulescens is a moth of the family Erebidae first described by Arthur Gardiner Butler in 1889. It is found on the Solomon Islands.
# Pristimantis vidua

Pristimantis vidua is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is endemic to Ecuador. Its natural habitats are tropical high-altitude shrubland and high-altitude grassland. It is threatened by habitat loss.
# Zhang Cheng

Zhang Cheng may refer to:
* Zhang Cheng (Han dynasty) (張承; died c. 218), courtesy name Gongxian, an official of the late Eastern Han dynasty
* Zhang Cheng (Three Kingdoms) (張承; 178–244), courtesy name Zhongsi, a military general of Eastern Wu in the Three Kingdoms period
* Zhang Cheng (footballer) (张诚; born 1989), Chinese footballer
# Chiquito River (Guayama, Puerto Rico)

The Chiquito River (Guayama, Puerto Rico) is a river of Puerto Rico.
# The Roman Father

The Roman Father is a 1750 tragedy by the British writer and future Poet Laureate William Whitehead. It is set during the reign of Tullus Hostilius, the legendary third King of Rome and his war with the neighbouring city of Alba Longa.
The original Drury Lane cast featured David Garrick as Horatius, Spranger Barry as Publius Horatius, John Sowdon as Tullius Hostilius, Thomas King as Valerius, Sarah Ward as Valeria and Hannah Pritchard as Horatia. Incidental music was composed by William Boyce. It was met with "extravagant applause" and ran for twelve performances that season. It was revived frequently at both Drury Lane and Covent Garden.
# Sizzler (disambiguation)

Sizzler may refer to:

## People

* George Sisler (1893 – 1973), American baseball player nicknamed "The Sizzler"
* Sizzla (born 1976), Jamaican reggae musician

## Arts, entertainment, and media
### Games and toys

* Sizzler (Hot Lotto), the optional tripler for non-jackpot prizes in the lottery game Hot Lotto (known as "Triple Sizzler" in the North Dakota Lottery)
* Sizzler, a magnetic toy
* Sizzler, a laser gun from the game Aquanox
* Sizzler, the award given to a game rated from 90-95% in the 1980s C64 gaming magazine ZZAP!64
* Sizzlers, a 1970s Hot Wheels spin off with a built-in motor and a tiny rechargeable battery

### Other uses in arts, entertainment, and media

* Sizzler (Brookside), a character on the British television series Brookside
* The Sizzler, a fast-paced celebrity gossip segment on the show Best Week Ever

## Brands and enterprises

* Sizzler, a restaurant chain in the United States
* Sizzler International, a restaurant chain in Australia and Asia
** Sizzler Australia, operated by Collins Foods Limited

## Technology

* Sizzler (percussion), an accessory attached to a conventional cymbal to give the effect of a sizzle cymbal
* Sizzler, the supersonic 3M-54E variant of the Russian 3M-54 Klub multi-role missile system
* Heuberger Sizzler, an American homebuilt aircraft design

## Other uses

* Sizzler (ride) and Deluxe Sizzler, amusement rides
* Sizzler (food), a term in India used for a type of restaurant or cuisine featuring western-style grilled meats and vegetables served on a hot iron plate (similar to the plate used for fajitas)
* Sizzler, various Midwestern basketball teams in the Continental Basketball Association
* Sizzler, a micro mini dress with matching panties popular in the 1970s, usually made of polyester
* Sizzlers massacre, took place in Sea Point, Cape Town on 20 January 2003, when Adam Woest and Trevor Basil murdered nine people and injured one person