OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Bess Thomas

Bessie Margaret Thomas (14 March 1892 – 7 March 1968) was an Australian librarian of English and Canadian heritage. In 1945, the Mosman Municipal Library was established and Thomas was given the position of chief librarian, the first female in New South Wales to have held such a position.

## Early life

Thomas was the third child of her father, Henry Charles Thomas. Shortly after her birth, the family moved from Australia to Canada, where Thomas received her education and trained as a librarian and secretary. After moving to Toronto, Ontario, Thomas was employed as an assistant librarian by her local university between 1927 and 1928 and later moved back to Sydney after being influenced to do so by her cousin, Allworth and an influential report highly critical of Australian libraries by Ernest Pitt.

## Contributions to librarianship

During a meeting chaired by Professor E.R. Holme in September 1934, the decision was made that Thomas and Edith Allworth, both of whom were honorary librarians, would establish a children's library in Mosman to develop children's interest in literature. Allworth and Thomas opened a small library using the garage at the Allworth home, with approximately 350 books at its first establishment. The library began to expand and moved locations to a building behind the Killarney School, only to move again in 1943 after a building was provided by the New South Wales Department of Education and Training.
After establishing the library, Thomas began extra activities for local children and communities such as story-hour's, book reviews and weekly chess groups. In 1945, the children's library she established was incorporated into a Municipal Library due to the 7,000 book stock belonging to the children's library and was given the title of the "Mosman Municipal Library" and Thomas was given the position of chief librarian, the first female in New South Wales to have held such a position. In 1952, the library moved locations for a third time and had 18,000+ volumes at this time.
On 5 March 1968, Thomas retired as chief librarian. After her death, Thomas was cremated with Anglican rites and the children's libraries section of the Library Association of Australia established the Bess Thomas Award to encourage effort and excellence in children's librarianship.
# Psorthaspis brimleyi

Psorthaspis brimleyi is a species of spider wasp in the family Pompilidae.
# Toribio Mejía Xesspe

Manuel Toribio Mejía Xesspe (April 16, 1896 - November 2, 1983) was a Peruvian archaeologist and student of Julio César Tello. He discovered the Nazca Lines in 1926 or 1927.

## Biography

Mejía Xesspe was born in Toro, a district of the La Unión province, Arequipa department.
Reports differ on the specific year, but in either 1926 or 1927 Mejía Xesspe discovered locations of the Nazca Lines while hiking in the foothills of the surrounding area. He then discussed them at a conference in Lima in 1939.
Mejía Xesspe died in Lima, due to a congenital disease of the spleen.
# Sinum laevigatum

Sinum laevigatum is a species of predatory sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Naticidae, the moon snails.

## Distribution

This species is distributed in the Indian Ocean along Madagascar.
# Twamaya

Twamaya was a political party in the Comoros.

## History

Based in Anjouan, the party received 0.8% of the vote in the 1992 parliamentary elections. After the results in some constituencies were annulled, the party won a seat in the Assembly of the Union in the subsequent by-elections held in December.
# Davyum

Davyum was the proposed name for a chemical element found by chemist Serge Kern in 1877. It was shown that the material was a mixture of iridium and rhodium. In 1950 it was proposed that the new metal might also have contained rhenium, which had not been discovered in Kern's time.
# Paul Giéra

Paul Giéra (22 January 1816 – 26 April 1861) was a French Provençal poet.

## Early life

Paul Giéra was born on 22 January 1816 in Avignon. His father was Jean Baptiste Joseph Giéra and his mother, Marie Madeleine Marguerite Crillon.

## Career

Giéra was the owner of the Château de Font-Ségugne in Châteauneuf-de-Gadagne.
On 21 May 1854, he invited Joseph Roumanille, Frédéric Mistral, Théodore Aubanel, Alphonse Tavan, Jean Brunet and Anselme Mathieu, where they founded the Félibrige movement.

## Death

He died on 26 April 1861 in his hometown of Avignon.

## Legacy

The Collège Paul Giéra in Avignon was named in his honour. It closed down in 2009 due to lack of public funding.
The Gymnase Paul Giéra in Avignon was also named in his honour.
# Werner Kuhn (politician)

Werner Kuhn (born 19 May 1955) is a German politician who served as a Member of the European Parliament (MEP) from 2009 until 2019. He is a member of the Christian Democratic Union, part of the European People's Party.

## Parliamentary service

Kuhn has served in several of the Parliamentary committees. From 2014 he served as Vice-Chair of the Committee on Fisheries. He has also served on the Committee on Transport and Tourism, the delegation to the ACP–EU Joint Parliamentary Assembly and the Delegation for relations with Israel.
# Chloride shift

Chloride shift (also known as the Hamburger phenomenon or lineas phenomenon, named after Hartog Jakob Hamburger) is a process which occurs in a cardiovascular system and refers to the exchange of bicarbonate (HCO$_3$$^−$) and chloride (Cl$^−$) across the membrane of red blood cells (RBCs).

## Mechanism

Carbon dioxide (CO$_2$) is produced in tissues as a byproduct of normal aerobic metabolism. It dissolves in the solution of blood plasma and into red blood cells (RBC), where carbonic anhydrase catalyzes its hydration to carbonic acid (H$_2$CO$_3$). Carbonic acid then spontaneously dissociates to form bicarbonate Ions (HCO$_3$$^−$) and a hydrogen ion (H$^+$). In response to the decrease in intracellular pCO$_2$, more CO$_2$ passively diffuses into the cell.
Cell membranes are generally impermeable to charged ions (i.e. H$^+$, HCO$_3$$^−$ ) but RBCs are able to exchange bicarbonate for chloride using the anion exchanger protein Band 3. Thus, the rise in intracellular bicarbonate leads to bicarbonate export and chloride intake. The term "chloride shift" refers to this exchange. Consequently, chloride concentration is lower in systemic venous blood than in systemic arterial blood: high venous pCO$_2$ leads to bicarbonate production in RBCs, which then leaves the RBC in exchange for chloride coming in.
The opposite process occurs in the pulmonary capillaries of the lungs when the PO$_2$ rises and PCO$_2$ falls, and the Haldane effect occurs (release of CO$_2$ from hemoglobin during oxygenation). This releases hydrogen ions from hemoglobin, increases free H$^+$ concentration within RBCs, and shifts the equilibrium towards CO$_2$ and water formation from bicarbonate. The subsequent decrease in intracellular bicarbonate concentration reverses chloride-bicarbonate exchange: bicarbonate moves into the cell in exchange for chloride moving out. Inward movement of bicarbonate via the Band 3 exchanger allows carbonic anhydrase to convert it to CO$_2$ for expiration.
The chloride shift may also regulate the affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen through the chloride ion acting as an allosteric effector.

## Reaction

Reaction (as it occurs in the pulmonary capillaries)
Bicarbonate in the red blood cell (RBC) exchanging with chloride from plasma in the lungs.
The underlying properties creating the chloride shift are the presence of carbonic anhydrase within the RBCs but not the plasma, and the permeability of the RBC membrane to carbon dioxide and bicarbonate ion but not to hydrogen ion. Continuous process of carbonic acid dissociation and outflow of bicarbonate ions would eventually lead to a change of intracellular electric potential because of lasting H+ ions. Inflow of chloride ions maintains electrical neutrality of a cell. The net direction of bicarbonate-chloride exchange (bicarbonate out of RBCs in the systemic capillaries, bicarbonate into RBCs at pulmonary capillaries) proceeds in the direction that decreases the sum of the electrochemical potentials for the chloride and bicarbonate ions being transported.
# Toribio Losoya

José Toribio Losoya, (April 11, 1808 – March 6, 1836) was a former Mexican soldier, a Texian military participant in the Siege of Bexar and Battle of the Alamo defender.

## Early life and family

Losoya was born in San Antonio on April 11, 1808, to Ventura Losoya and Concepción de Los Angeles Charlé. Their old stone house was a former Alamo Indian dwelling. His parents, brother Juan, sister Maria and Toribio all lived in the two room building near the southwest corner of the mission compound. Losoya married Concepción Curbier and they had three children.

## Career

Toribio Losoya was a private in the Mexican Army, serving at the Alamo with the Second Flying Company of San Carlos de Parras under Lt. Col. José Francisco Ruiz. During 1830, his company had built Fort Tenoxtitlán on the west bank of the Brazos River, 100 miles (161 km) above San Felipe. Losoya and his family were stationed at the fort until September 1832, whereupon he returned to San Antonio. Losoya was among the many Mexican soldiers who didn't like the centralist policies exercised by Antonio López de Santa Anna.

## Texas Revolution

In late 1835, he had deserted the Mexican army and joined Juan Seguín's company of Tejanos, participating in the siege of Bexar. While the town was under siege for many months by the Texians, so was their home and many others, as the house to house fighting progressed.
When Santa Anna's troops retook San Antonio and laid siege to the Alamo in 1836, Losoya and family entered the Alamo for safety. Losoya, Esparza, and 14 of Seguín's men would remain behind, as Seguín rode from the Alamo to recruit reinforcements. Losoya's mother and three children remained in the mission during the siege of the Alamo. Losoya was killed in the March 6 battle of the Alamo. His body was discovered by Francisco Ruiz in the chapel and was burnt on the pyres along with the other Alamo defenders.

## Losoya survivors of the Battle of the Alamo

His mother, Concepcion Losoya, brother Juan Losoya, and sister, Juana Melton were spared and are listed as official non-combatant survivors of the Battle of the Alamo.

## Commemoration

A life-size statue of Losoya, sculpted by William Easley, stands across Losoya Street from the Hyatt Regency Hotel on the Paseo del Alamo in San Antonio. The Adolph Coors Company gifted the sculpture of "an unsung hero of the Alamo" to commemorate the Texas Sesquicentennial celebration.
The Alamo's west wall was excavated in 1979-80 and the Losoya home basework was located and photographed thus showing the layout of the family's two-room residence.
# PolyU School of Design

The PolyU School of Design (also known as PolyU Design) is one of the eight schools and faculties of The Hong Kong Polytechnic University. The school was established in 1964 as a department in the Hong Kong Technical College. As of 2020, PolyU Design ranks 2nd in Asia and 15th in the world for art and design in QS World Rankings.

## History

First established in 1964 in the Hong Kong Technical College, general certificate courses were offered. In 1972, when the Hong Kong Polytechnic was formally established, it was renamed as the Department of Design, offering higher diploma courses. In 1980s, the department became the Swire School of Design, the school offered bachelor degrees. In 1994, when the polytechnic was granted university status, it became the PolyU School of Design, launching master degrees.
In 2013, the School of Design introduced the campus of the school, Jockey Club Innovation Tower, designed by Zaha Hadid.

## Notable alumni

* Raman Hui
* Kit Hung
* Gigi Leung
* Henry Lau
* Tony Leung
* Alice Mak
* Vivienne Tam
* Paul Wong
* Timmy Yip
* Kitty Yuen
# Davídek

Davídek is a Czech surname. Notable people include:
* Felix Maria Davídek (1921–1988) Czechoslovak bishop of the Roman Catholic Church
* Martin Davídek (born 1986), Czech ice hockey player
* Milan Davídek (born 1998), Czech ice hockey player
# Paul Cook (disambiguation)

Paul Cook (born 1956) is the former drummer for the Sex Pistols.
Paul Cook may also refer to:
* Paul Cook (author), science fiction author
* Paul Cook (baseball) (1863–1905), baseball player
* Paul Cook (footballer) (born 1967), English football manager and former player
* Paul Cook (jockey), flat racing jockey
* Paul Cook (IQ drummer), drummer for the progressive rock band IQ
* Paul Cook (politician) (born 1943), California politician
* Paul Cook (rugby league) (born 1976), rugby league footballer
* Paul M. Cook (1924–2020), American businessman, founder of Raychem
* W. Paul Cook (1880–1948), writer, printer and publisher
# What's New, Pussycat? (album)

What's New, Pussycat? is Yukari Tamura's first mini album, released on September 26, 1997, as her debut. The album is no longer being printed and is highly sought after by Yukari Tamura's fans.

## Track listing

* Happy Birthday
** Lyrics: Kakeru Saegusa
** Arrangement and composition: Kazuhisa Yamaguchi
* 輝きの季節 (Kagayaki no Kisetsu)
** Lyrics: Kakeru Saegusa
** Arrangement and composition: Kazuhisa Yamaguchi
* Love me do
** Lyrics: Kakeru Saegusa
** Arrangement and composition: Kazuhisa Yamaguchi
* スーパーヘルパー (SUUPAA HERUPAA)
** Lyrics: Kakeru Saegusa
** Arrangement and composition: Kazuhisa Yamaguchi
* Sparkle with delight
** Lyrics: Kakeru Saegusa
** Arrangement and composition: Kazuhisa Yamaguchi
* マーメイド (MAAMEIDO)
** Lyrics: Kakeru Saegusa
** Arrangement and composition: Kazuhisa Yamaguchi
# William Post

William Post may refer to:
* William B. Post [cs; nl; es] (1857–1921), American photographer
* William Post Jr. (1901–1989), American actor and drama instructor
* William Post (businessman) (1927–2024), American food manufacturer, inventor of Pop-Tarts
* William Post (lottery winner) (1939–2006), American lottery winner
# Willett Hot Springs

Willett Hot Springs is located in the Sespe Wilderness, North of Ojai, California. This natural hot spring has been augmented by a man made collection basin. The most popular approach to the hot spring is by an approximate 11 miles (18 km) hike from the Piedra Blanca trailhead in Los Padres National Forest. Nearby Sespe Hot Springs (about 3 miles (4.8 km)) has a reputation as one of the hottest springs in California.
# Blasticidin

Blasticidin may refer to:
* Blasticidin A
* Blasticidin S
# Edamon

Edamon is a village in Punalur taluk in Kollam district in the state of Kerala, India.

## Demographics

As of 2001 India census, Edamon had a population of 12453 with 5980 males and 6473 females. The population has reduced to 12,029 with 5,652 males (47%) and 6,377 females (53%) as per the survey of census during 2011 by Indian Government.
# Tekkeköy, İnegöl

Tekkeköy is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of İnegöl, Bursa Province in Turkey. Its population is 257 (2022).
# Daniel Deluxe

Daniel Alexandrovich, known professionally as Daniel Deluxe, is a Copenhagen-based, Russian electronic music producer. He has released three albums: Corruptor (2016), Instruments of Retribution (2017), and Exile (2020). Deluxe has also composed the scores for video games Desync (2017), Ghostrunner (2020) and Ghostrunner 2 (2023).

## Discography
### Albums

* Corruptor (2016)
* Instruments of Retribution (2017)
* Exile (2020)

### Extended play

* Night Stalker (2014)

### Original soundtracks

* Desync (2017)
* Ghostrunner (2020)
* Ghostrunner 2 (2023)
# Tatiana Vivienne

Tatiana "Tati" Vivienne is a human rights defender from the Central African Republic (CAR). She is the founder and director of Femmes Hommes Action Plus (FHAP - English: Women Men Action Plus), an organisation focused on helping the most marginalised and traumatised young women and girls.

## Early life

Tatiana Vivienne grew up on the edge of Bangui, one of ten children, four daughters and six sons. At the age of about five, her father had to move to Baboua in the north-west of the country for work, and she was educated there at a Catholic school. Because of instability in CAR at the time, her parents, who believed in the importance of a good education, had to send her to West Africa to complete her studies.

## Activism

After meeting women and children who had been targeted by the Lord's Resistance Army (LRA), Vivienne founded Femmes Hommes Action Plus (FHAP) in 2011. FHAP focuses on helping the most helpless, girls and young women who have been abandoned by everyone else and also helps reintegrate women into their communities, including those who have escaped from the LRA. Talking about FHAP, Vivienne has said: "We are the voice for the voiceless." Her organisation is one of a few which monitor, document and report human rights violations committed by the (LRA) in the Eastern region. FHAP also provides legal and psychological support to victims.
She has encountered numerous problems and challenges in running FHAP, including being forced to close the Bangui office, armed robberies of her house as well as chronic funding shortages.

## Personal life

Vivienne lives in Bangui, "close to her extended family".
# Eulima devistoma

Eulima devistoma is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Eulimidae. The species is one of a number within the genus Eulima.

## Distribution

This species occurs in the following locations:
* European waters (ERMS scope)
# Stenoma melanixa

Stenoma melanixa is a moth of the family Depressariidae. It is found in Colombia, Guatemala and Brazil (Amazonas).
The wingspan is about 26 mm. The forewings are fuscous, paler in the disc, the costa suffused with ferruginous brown, darkest on the edge, the lower edge with faint projections at one-third and two-thirds. The second discal stigma is indicated by a minute linear-transverse mark of several dark fuscous scales and there is a slender streak of blackish suffusion along the dorsum from one-fourth to near the tornus, as well as an indistinct conical projection of dark fuscous irroration reaching from the dorsum at three-fourths half across the wing. There is also a narrow whitish-grey terminal fascia, preceded on the costa by a small black spot. The hindwings are rather dark fuscous.
# What's New!!!

What's New!!! (subtitled Sonny Stitt Plays the Varitone) is an album by saxophonist Sonny Stitt recorded in 1966 and released on the Roulette label. The album represents Stitt's first recorded use of the varitone, an electronic amplification device which altered the saxophone's sound.

## Reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
What's New!!! reached number 172 on the Billboard 200 in April 1967 and number 16 on the Jazz Albums chart. Allmusic awarded the album 3 stars.

## Track listing

All compositions by Sonny Stitt except as indicated
* "What's New?" (Bob Haggart, Johnny Burke) - 2:20
* "Jumpin' with Symphony Sid" (Lester Young) - 3:55
* "Stardust" (Hoagy Carmichael, Mitchell Parish) - 6:06
* "Cocktails for Two" (Arthur Johnston, Sam Coslow) - 3:28
* "Georgia" (Carmichael, Stuart Gorrell) - 4:11
* "Mame" (Jerry Herman) - 2:10
* "Morgan's Song" - 2:31
* "Fever" (Eddie Cooley, John Davenport) - 2:05
* "Round About Midnight" (Thelonious Monk) - 3:12
* "I've Got the World on a String" (Harold Arlen, Ted Koehler) - 4:17
* "If I Didn't Care" (Jack Lawrence) - 4:50
* "The Beastly Blues" - 4:50

## Personnel

* Sonny Stitt - alto saxophone, tenor saxophone, varitone
* Joe Wilder, Eddie Preston - trumpet
* J. J. Johnson - trombone
* Illinois Jacquet - tenor saxophone
* George Berg - baritone saxophone
* Billy Taylor, Ellis Larkins - piano
* Wild Bill Davis, Ernie Hayes - organ
* Mike Mainieri - vibraphone
* Les Spann - guitar
* Jan Arnet, George Duvivier - bass
* Walter Perkins - drums
# Bedellia ehikella

Bedellia ehikella is a moth in the family Bedelliidae. It is found in Ukraine, Spain, Sardinia, Italy, Croatia, the Czech Republic and Hungary.
Adults are on wing from late March to mid-May and again from July to September in Ukraine.
The larvae feed on Convolvulus cantabrica. They mine the leaves of their host plant.
# Wynford

Wynford may refer to:
* Baron Wynford, of Wynford Eagle in the County of Dorset, is a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom
* Thomas Wynford Rees CB, CIE, DSO & Bar, MC, DL (1898–1959), officer in the British Indian Army
* William Best, 1st Baron Wynford, PC (1767–1845), British politician and judge
* William Best, 2nd Baron Wynford (1798–1869), British peer
* William Wynford (1360–1405), one of the most successful English master masons of the 14th century, using the new Perpendicular Gothic style
* Wynford Dewhurst (born 1864), English Impressionist painter and important writer on art
* Wynford Eagle, hamlet and small parish in Dorset, England
* Wynford High School, public high school in Bucyrus, Ohio, United States
* Wynford Vaughan-Thomas CBE (1908–1987), Welsh newspaper journalist and radio and television broadcaster with a lengthy career
# Blastesthia

Blastesthia is a genus of moths belonging to the subfamily Olethreutinae of the family Tortricidae.

## Species

* Blastesthia mughiana (Zeller, 1868)
* Blastesthia posticana (Zetterstedt, 1839)
* Blastesthia tessulatana (Staudinger, 1871)
* Blastesthia turionella (Linnaeus, 1758)

## Former species

* Blastesthia fulvimitrana (Zetterstedt, 1839)
* Blastesthia mulsantiana (Zetterstedt, 1839)
# Echmepteryx youngi

Echmepteryx youngi is a species of scaly-winged barklouse in the family Lepidopsocidae. It is found in North America.
# Tekkeköy, Kastamonu

Tekkeköy is a village in the Kastamonu District, Kastamonu Province, Turkey. Its population is 39 (2021).
# Emotion Sickness

"Emotion Sickness" is a song by the Australian alternative rock band Silverchair. It was released as the first song on their 1999 album Neon Ballroom. At 6 minutes long, it is the band's third-longest song. Australian pianist David Helfgott makes a guest appearance on the song, along with the Sydney Symphony Orchestra. In a 1999 interview with Metal Hammer, Daniel Johns said that "Emotion Sickness" is his favorite Silverchair song.
Although the song is not typical of Silverchair's work, "Emotion Sickness" is a fan favorite.

## Background

For "Emotion Sickness", the band's frontman, Daniel Johns, wanted "a really manic and broken piano part to break up the album". The band's management had the idea to call Australian pianist David Helfgott, who also shared the same lawyer with Silverchair, and the band agreed without hesitation. "Daniel wanted a manic piano part. It suited the song. He wanted it so it wasn't typical - didn't want something that was nice and kinda polished. He wanted something that was manic and off-chords. David Helfgott was the perfect man for the job", bassist Chris Joannou said. The Sydney Symphony Orchestra is also featured in the song.
Daniel Johns said about the song:
   It's about fighting against the need to get some kind of medication and trying to pretend that you've got a normal state of mind when you know for a fact that you haven't."

## Music video

The music video was directed by Cate Anderson, who also directed the video for "Ana's Song". It features Australian actor Dai Paterson.

## Reception

Neva Chonin of Rolling Stone called the song "mopey" and said that when the song's last words are "lessons learned," "it’s hard to suppress a sigh at the overt lyrical reference to Kurt Cobain's 'Dumb'". Chonin also called the orchestration lavish.

## Covers

The song was covered by the rock band Storm the Sky (also from Australia) on the 2017 Silverchair cover album Spawn (Again).

## Personnel

* Daniel Johns – vocals, guitar
* Ben Gillies – drums
* Chris Joannou – bass

### Additional personnel

* David Helfgott – piano
* Larry Muhoberac – piano arrangement
* Sydney Symphony Orchestra – strings