OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Borrelidin

Borrelidin is an 18-membered polyketide macrolide derived from several Streptomyces species. First discovered in 1949 from Streptomyces rochei, Borrelidin shows antibacterial activity by acting as an inhibitor of threonyl-tRNA synthetase and features a nitrile moiety, a unique functionality in natural products.$^,$ Borrelidin also exhibits potent angiogenesis inhibition, which was shown in a rat aorta matrix model. Other studies have been performed to show that low concentrations of borrelidin can suppress growth and induce apoptosis in malignant acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells. Borredlidin's antimalarial activity has also been shown in vitro and in vivo.

## Biosynthesis

The core structure of borrelidin is biosynthesized by type I polyketide synthase (PKS), followed by post-PKS modifications. Six genes (borA1 to borA6) encode the type I PKS, composed of a loading domain and six extending modules, rather than the expected eight. Each extension module consists of the ketosynthase (KS) condensing an extender unit, either malonyl-CoA or methylmalonyl-CoA, that is loaded by the acyl transferase (AT) onto the growing polyketide, which can then be modified by further enzymes. Tailoring enzymes of type I PKS that can be involved in each module are ketoreductase (KR), dehydratase (DH), and enoyl reductase (ER). Once polyketide has gone through all of the chain extensions, it can then be released via cyclization by the thioesterase (TE).
Starting with a cyclopentane carboxylic acid starter unit that is loaded onto the acyl carrier protein, ACP, in BorA1, the polyketide intermediate, tethered to ACP via a thioester linkage, undergoes a series of extension modules. BorA2 has one extension module that loads malonyl-CoA and has a ketoreductase to reduce the β-carbonyl to a hydroxyl group. Next, BorA3, consisting of modules 2 and 3, which load malonyl-CoA and methylmalonyl-CoA, respectively, have both ketoreductase and dehydratase enzymes. BorA4 only has one extension module, loading methylmalonyl-CoA and having a ketoreductase as a tailoring enzyme. The next three chain extensions are catalyzed by BorA5, which is done through three iterative rounds of elongation and condensations with methylmalonyl-CoA from where the polyketide intermediates undergo modifications by KR, DH, and ER.$^,$ Lastly, BorA6 loads malonyl-CoA, modifies the polyketide intermediate via a ketoreductase enzyme, and terminates the PKS cycle by a thioesterase, which releases the polyketide to form pre-Borrelidin.
The formation of the nitrile moiety of borrelidin is done by post-PKS modifications from gene products of BorI, BorJ, and BorK. The BorI gene product, a cytochrome 450 hydroxylase catalyzes the oxidation of the C12 methyl group into an allylic alcohol, which can undergo further oxidation by the gene products of BorI or BorK, an oxidoreductase, to form the formyl intermediate. The BorJ gene product, a PMP-dependent transaminase, then introduces an amine into the polyketide, generating intermediate Borrelidin B. BorI then catalyzes the conversion of the amine to an N,N-dihydroxy species and the dehydration to form borrelidin via an aldoxime intermediate.
# Brachycephalus olivaceus

Brachycephalus olivaceus is a species of frog in the family Brachycephalidae. It is very tiny and was one of seven new species described by LF Ribeiro and a team of scientists from the Mater Natura - Instituto de Estudos Ambientais in Brazil. Like all species in its genus, it is found in a very small strip of Atlantic Forest in the southeastern coast of the country, and has a vibrant colour pattern. The speciation seen in this genus is thought to be a byproduct of the rift between the valley versus mountain terrain and its particular microclimates, to which they are adapted. It might be in population decline due to habitat loss. Its name derives from the Latin olivaceus, "olive-colored", in reference to its coloration.

## Description

It is distinguished from other cogenerate species by having a robust body, bufoniform, with an adult length between 9.4 and 12.9 millimetres (0.37 and 0.51 in); a rough dorsum, and its general coloration being predominantly dark-green to brown. The skin on its dorsum shows no dermal co-ossification. Its rugose body is similar to that of B. mariaeterezae (as opposed to the smooth dorsum of other species such as B. izecksohni or B. pernix. Its predominantly dark-green dorsum is distinct from all other Brachycephalus species. The species does not present dermal co-ossification characteristic of species within the phippium group, while its bufoniform shape and larger body size means it is rather larger than those in the didactylus group, averaging a length of between 8 and 10 millimetres (0.31 and 0.39 in) and in turn having leptodactyliform body shape.

## Distribution

Brachycephalus olivaceus is known only from two localities, which are the base of the Serra Queimada and Castelo dos Bugres, a notable rock formation in the northeastern State of Santa Catarina.
# Sir John Gell, 2nd Baronet

Sir John Gell, 2nd Baronet (1613 – 8 February 1689) was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons at various times between 1654 and 1689.

## Early life

He was baptized at Kedleston in October 1613. Gell was the son of Sir John Gell, 1st Baronet of Hopton, Derbyshire, and his wife Elizabeth Willoughby, daughter of Sir Percival Willoughby of Wollaton Hall, Nottinghamshire.
He matriculated at Magdalen Hall, Oxford on 23 November 1632, aged 17.

## Career

In 1654, Gell was elected Member of Parliament for Derbyshire in the First Protectorate Parliament. He was re-elected MP for Derbyshire in 1656 for the Second Protectorate Parliament. In 1659 he was re-elected MP for Derbyshire for the Third Protectorate Parliament.
Gell inherited the baronetcy on the death of his father in 1671. He was High Sheriff of Derbyshire in 1673. In January 1689, he was elected MP for Derbyshire but died a month later at the age of 76.

## Personal life

Gell married the religious patron Katherine Packer, daughter of Philippa (born Mills) and John Packer of Donnington Castle, Berkshire. Together, they were the parents of four sons and three daughters of whom six survived infancy. Their first child Katherine was baptised in Westminster Abbey in 1645:
* Sir Philip Gell, 3rd Baronet (1651–1719), who married Elizabeth Fagg in 1678.
* Katherine Gell (1645- ), who married William Eyre of Holme Hall and Highlow Hall, Derbyshire.
He was succeeded in the baronetcy by his son Philip. The baronetcy became extinct upon his son's death in 1719.

### Descendants

As his son Philip died without issue, his grandson, John Eyre, assumed the surname Gell to inherit the lands at Hopton after Philip's death in 1719. John Eyre Gell was the father of Admiral John Gell and Philip Eyre Gell, who eventually inherited the Gell family fortune, and was himself the father of Philip Gell, MP for Malmesbury and Penryn, and the renowned antiquarian Sir William Gell.
Another grandson, William Eyre, MP for Berkshire, assumed the surname Archer to inherit the estates of Sir John Archer. Among his four children were John Archer (who married Lady Mary Fitzwilliam, a daughter of John Fitzwilliam, 2nd Earl Fitzwilliam), Michael Archer (MP for Beverley), Catherine Archer (wife of Philip Blundell) and Susanna Archer (wife of Edward Harley, 4th Earl of Oxford and Earl Mortimer).
# Yi River (Henan)

The Yi River (Chinese: 伊河; pinyin: Yī Hé) is a tributary of the Luo River in the province of Henan, China.
The river rises in Luanchuan County, and then flows through the counties of Song and Yichuan before entering Luoyang city proper. It joins the Luo River at Yanshi.
The river's total length is 368 kilometres and it has a catchment basin of 6,100 square kilometres.
The Yi-Luo river basin is of major archaeological significance.
* This Henan location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# Samuel Birdsey Hubbard

Samuel Birdsey Hubbard (June 13, 1833 – June 21, 1903) was a businessman in the United States. He was involved in the hardware, banking, gas, real estate, and railroad businesses. He settled in Jacksonville, Florida, seeking a climatic remedy for health issues.
He was born in Wadesboro, North Carolina, and grew up in Connecticut. He married Almira F. Hubbard on February 21, 1860, and they had two sons and a daughter.
Hubbard died at his home in Jacksonville, Florida on June 21, 1903.
The Florida State Archives have a photo of his S. B. Hunnard & Co. store in Jacksonville.
# Cosmas II

Cosmas II may refer to:
* Pope Cosmas II of Alexandria, ruled in 851–858
* Cosmas II of Constantinople, Ecumenical Patriarch in 1146–1147
* Cosmas II of Alexandria, Greek Patriarch of Alexandria in 1723–1736
# Cristian Sârbu

Cristian Sârbu (May 14, 1897 – March 9, 1961) was a Romanian poet.

## Biography

He was born into a poor peasant family in Buești, Ialomița County. Sârbu revealed in a short 1959 autobiographical note that his education consisted of five grades of primary school and various courses audited between 1914 and 1916. After moving to the national capital Bucharest, he became a shoemaker's apprentice, and practiced the trade until 1950, when he was named an editor at Viața Românească. Sârbu's proletarian life informed his lyric poetry, inspiring most of his volumes. Pași spre lumină, a short book published in 1935, marked his print debut. A further seven volumes of poetry appeared during his lifetime: Tablouri și cântece din călătoria mea (1938), Slove desculțe (1939), D. Th. Neculuță (1940), Daruri pentru cocioabe (1944), Poeme de ieri și de azi (1951), Cântece pentru Sanda (1956) and Dragoste de viață (1956). Two further books appeared posthumously: Pași spre lumină, a selection of his work; and Pasărea de stea (1971). His contributions appeared in Cuvântul liber, and after World War II, in Gazeta literară, Tânărul scriitor, Tribuna and Viața Românească. Sârbu's poems are autobiographical, evocative, descriptive and sentimental. They emerge from an unpolished sensibility, intimately marked by nostalgic memories of the author's native Bărăgan Plain, which he sometimes employed to produce successful lyric verse.
# Errol Trzebinski

Errol Trzebinski (born 24 June 1936 in Gloucester), is a British writer of books on the Happy Valley set of colonial Kenya.
Her book Silence Will Speak was a source for the script of the 1985 Hollywood movie Out of Africa. Her late husband Sbish Trzebinski appears as a drunkard in the film and is slapped by Meryl Streep when he insults her. Errol cast doubt on the authorship of West with the Night, claiming Beryl Markham's third husband Raoul C. Schumacher was the ghost writer.

## Personal life

She lives and works in Lamu Island, Kenya. Her son is the painter Tonio Trzebinski, who was murdered in Kenya in 2001.

## Works

* Silence Will Speak: A Study of the Life of Denys Finch Hatton and His Relationship With Karen Blixen (1977);
* The Kenya Pioneers: The Frontiersmen of an Adopted Land (1985);
* The Lives of Beryl Markham: Out of Africa's Hidden Free Spirit and Denys Finch Hatton's Last Great Love (1993);
* The Life and Death of Lord Erroll: The Truth Behind the Happy Valley Murder (2000).
# Youngsville

Youngsville is the name of some places in the United States of America:
* Youngsville, Louisiana
* Youngsville, New Mexico, on State Rt. 96, northwest of Española
* Youngsville, North Carolina
* Youngsville, Ohio, an unincorporated community
* Youngsville, Pennsylvania
# Boris Goltz

Boris Grigorevich Goltz (Russian: Борис Григорьевич Гольц; 16 December (OS) / 29 December 1913 – 3 March 1942), was a Soviet composer. He is remembered today mainly for his set of 24 Preludes, Op. 2, for piano.
He was born in Tashkent, Russian Empire. He moved with his family to Leningrad in 1926. In 1933 entered the Leningrad Conservatory, initially as a piano student, working with Nikolayev. His harmony teacher, V. V. Pushkov, persuaded him to take up composing seriously, and he obtained a double degree in piano (graduated 1938) and composition (graduated 1940).
Russian involvement in World War II commenced in 1941. Goltz volunteered for the Army, but was instead assigned to the Political Administration of the Baltic Fleet, to compose patriotic songs. Several of his songs, such as Shining Star in the Heavens, The Song of Anger and The Song of Vengeance, became very popular during the war. He worked in inhuman conditions during the Siege of Leningrad, and died six months after the start of the Siege, of illness caused by malnutrition.
Few of Goltz's works were published in his lifetime, and most are lost. His 24 Preludes, Op. 2 have been recorded by Sergei Podobedov, issued on the Music & Arts label.
# R v S (RD)

R v. S (RD), [1997] 3 SCR 484, is a leading Supreme Court of Canada decision which established rules governing reasonable apprehension of judicial bias in the court system and the consideration of social context, such as systemic racism, when rendering judgement. The accused was defended by Burnley "Rocky" Jones of Halifax, Nova Scotia.

## Facts

On October 17, 1993, in the city of Halifax, Nova Scotia, a black youth was arrested—referred to in the case under the pseudonym "S"—for allegedly assaulting the police officer Stienburg while he was attempting to arrest another individual. The police officer claimed that the youth ran into him with his bike attempting to free the individual the police officer already had handcuffed. The youth, on the other hand, alleges that he stopped his bike to see what the police officer was doing, as a crowd had amassed at the scene. The youth recognised the individual being arrested and asked him repeatedly if he should call his mother, not once addressing the officer. Hearing the youth, the officer threatened to arrest him. When the youth continued to talk the police officer arrested him.

## Ruling

At the trial level, Judge Corrine Sparks acquitted the youth, for the reason that the only evidence was the testimony of the officer and the youth, and both had reasonable credibility. In the end of her judgement, she added,
"I believe that probably the situation in this particular case is the case of a young police officer who overreacted. And I do accept the evidence of Mr. S. that he was told to shut up or he would be under arrest. That seems to be in keeping with the prevalent attitude of the day."
The last phrase became the focus of all the appeals to follow. Judgements needs to be based solely on the evidence while the phrase suggests some preconceived notions.
It was determined at the trial and appeal level that there was an "apprehension of bias" on the part of Sparks.
However, the Supreme Court of Canada allowed the appeal and restored Sparks' acquittal of RDS. The Court noted that
   A judge who happens to be black is no more likely to be biased in dealing with black litigants, than a white judge is likely to be biased in favour of white litigants. All judges of every race, colour, religion, or national background are entitled to the same presumption of judicial integrity and the same high threshold for a finding of bias. (para. 115)
   A high standard must be met before a finding of reasonable apprehension of bias can be made. Troubling as Judge Sparks’ remarks may be, the Crown has not satisfied its onus to provide the cogent evidence needed to impugn the impartiality of Judge Sparks. Although her comments, viewed in isolation, were unfortunate and unnecessary, a reasonable, informed person, aware of all the circumstances, would not conclude that they gave rise to a reasonable apprehension of bias. (para. 158)
# Tokhmaq

Tokhmaq may refer to:
* Altin Tokhmaq, village in Iran
* Mohammad Khan Tokhmaq Ustajlu, 16th-century Iranian official
# Port Credit (disambiguation)

Port Credit may refer to:
* Port Credit, Ontario, a community in the city of Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
* Port Credit GO Station, a station in the GO Transit network located in the community
* Port Credit Secondary School, in the Canadian community
# Julia Dillon

Julia Dillon may refer to:
* Julia Lester Dillon (1871–1959), American teacher
* Julia McEntee Dillon (1834–1918), American painter
# Ștefanca

Ștefanca may refer to several villages in Romania:
* Ștefanca, a village in Bistra Commune, Alba County
* Ștefanca, a village in Miheșu de Câmpie Commune, Mureș County
# Borsonella coronadoi

Borsonella coronadoi is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Borsoniidae.

## Description

The length of the shell attains 29 mm, its maximum diameter is 9 mm.
(Original description) The slender shell is acute with about ten whorls. Its color is pinkish white, with a pale brown periostracum. The spire is longer than the aperture. The nuclear whorls are smooth, turgid, the subsequent turns carrying a rounded low keel, usually in front of the middle of the whorls forming the pire, the area between which and the suture is flatly impressed, the whorl in front gently rounded. On some of the early whorls the keel is slightly undulated, but not regularly nodulous. Besides the lines of growth, both the fasciole and the anterior part of the whorl show indications under a lens of obscure regular distant spiral striae, and are also more or less marked with a faint vermicular reticulation of the surface. The distinct suture is not appressed. The aperture is narrow. The anal sulcus is deep and wide, reaching the suture The outer lip is thin, sharp, and arcuately produced. The inner lip is slightly eroded, polished, with no callus. There is plication at the proximal end of the columella. The axis is impervious, cnual short, wide, deep, slightly recurved with a fairly well-marked fascicle.

## Distribution

This species occurs in the Pacific Ocean off California.
# Racing Romance

Racing Romance may refer to:
* Racing Romance (1926 film), an American silent action film
* Racing Romance (1937 film), a British comedy film
# EVH

EVH may refer to:
* Eddie Van Halen
* Ena/Vasp homology proteins
* Endoscopic vessel harvesting
* Eucapnic voluntary hyperventilation, a test for exercise-induced bronchoconstriction
* Evans Head Memorial Aerodrome, in New South Wales, Australia
* Uvbie language
# Julia Dean (actress, born 1878)

Julia Dean (May 13, 1878 – October 17, 1952) was a stage and film actress who began her career in the 1890s.

## Biography

Julia Dean was born to Albert Clay Dean and Susan Jane Morton in St. Paul, Minnesota, in 1878. She had a sister Eloise and a brother. She made her Broadway debut December 1, 1902 in The Altars of Friendship. She toured with Joseph Jefferson and James Neill. In 1907 she appeared with Maclyn Arbuckle in The Round-Up. She worked for producers William A. Brady and David Belasco.
She began making silent pictures in 1915 and continued until 1919. She then devoted her career to the stage until 1944 when she returned to films in The Curse of the Cat People. She continued to appear in film noir classics like Nightmare Alley lending her support in many uncredited roles. She died in Hollywood in 1952.

## Family

She was married to Frank Slocum (aka Orme Caldara; 1875–1925) from 1906 to 1913. She was the niece of 19th-century actress Julia Dean.

## Filmography

Silent
* How Molly Made Good (1915) (* herself; cameo appearance, with her sister Eloise) - Herself
* Judge Not; or The Woman of Mona Diggings (1915) - Molly Hanlon
* Matrimony (1915, Short) - Diana Rossmore
* The Ransom (1916) - Janet Osborne
* Rasputin, the Black Monk (1917) - Mme. Vasta, Lady in waiting
* Ruling Passions (1918) - Eveline Roland
* A Society Exile (1919) - Lady Doris Furnival
* An Honorable Cad (1919, Short)
Sound
* The Curse of the Cat People (1944) - Mrs. Julia Farren
* Experiment Perilous (1944) - Deria
* Do You Love Me (1946) - Mrs. Allen (uncredited)
* O.S.S. (1946) - Madame Prideaux
* Out of the Blue (1947) - Miss Ritchie
* Magic Town (1947) - Mrs. Wilton
* Nightmare Alley (1947) - Addie Peabody (uncredited)
* The Emperor Waltz (1948) - Archduchess Stephanie
* Easy Living (1949) - Mrs. Belle Ryan
* Girls' School (1950) - Emily Matthews
* People Will Talk (1951) - Old Lady (uncredited)
* Elopement (1951) - Mrs. Simpson (uncredited)
* At Sword's Point (1952) - Madame D'Artagnan (uncredited)
* You for Me (1952) - Aunt Clara Chadwick (uncredited)
# XX: Beautiful Prey

XX: Beautiful Prey (ＸＸ　美しき獲物, XX: Utsukushiki emono) is a 1996 Japanese film directed by Toshiharu Ikeda. The film stars Kei Marimura, Makiko Watanabe and Ren Ōsugi. The film was licensed in the US by Central Park Media and was released on DVD and VHS under their Asia Pulp Cinema label.

## Plot

An undercover policewoman gets caught up in the underground BDSM world, while investigating a gruesome murder.

## Cast

* Kei Marimura as Yu
* Makiko Watanabe as Noriko
* Ren Ōsugi as Tagami
* Minori Terada as Miyamoto
* Atsushi Okuno

### English voice cast

The English dub was produced at Audioworks Producers Group in New York City.
* Marcia May as Yu
* Jessica Calvello as Noriko
* Vincent Bagnall as Tagami
* Michael D'R' as Miyamoto
* Mike James as Saito
* Prairie Silva Sabino as Nurse
* Barry Banner
# Cortina d'Ampezzo Olympics

Cortina d'Ampezzo Olympics
* 1944 Winter Olympics VI Olympic Winter Games (suspended for World War II)
* 1956 Winter Olympics IV Olympic Winter Games
* 2026 Winter Olympics XXV Olympic Winter Games, jointly with Milan
# Edward Eisner

Edward Eisner FRSE FIP (1929-1987) was a Hungarian-born physicist who was Professor of Applied Physics at the University of Strathclyde 1968-1987. He specialised in the physics of sound.
The "Edward Eisner Memorial Fund Award" is named in his honour.

## Life

He was born in Sárvár in Hungary on 20 December 1929.
He came to Britain with his family in the 1930s and attended the George Herbert Strutt School in Belper in Derbyshire from 1939. He won a place at Cambridge University studying Physics and graduated BA in 1950, gaining a doctorate (PhD) in 1954. From 1954 he worked with the Ministry of Power at Buxton. In 1960 he went to America to work with the Bell Telephone Laboratory in New Jersey, working on the improvement of handsets. In 1968 he returned to Britain to take the chair in Applied Physics at Strathclyde University retaining this role until death. He was replaced by Prof Gordon Donaldson.
In 1969 he infamously wrote an open letter to NASA suggesting how to improve their television broadcasts from the Moon. In 1977 he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. His proposers were Kenneth Jack Standley, Nicholas Kemmer, Simon G G MacDonald, and William Cochran. He died on Christmas Day 1987.
# Tympanum

Tympanum may refer to:
* Tympanum (architecture), an architectural element located within the arch or pediment
* Tympanum (anatomy), a hearing organ/gland in frogs and toads, a flat red oval on both sides of a frog's head
* Tympanum, in biology, the eardrum
* Tympanum, or tympanal organ, a hearing organ in insects
* Tympanum (hand drum), a percussion instrument in ancient Greece and Rome
* Timpano, in music, singular of timpani, a kettledrum
* Sakia or saqiya, in Latin "tympanum", a water-raising device
* Larnaca Tympanum, a medieval sculpture
# Hemigymnus

Hemigymnus is a genus of wrasses native to the Indian and Pacific oceans.

## Species

There are currently 3 recognized species in this genus:
* Hemigymnus fasciatus Bloch, 1792 (Barred thicklip)
* Hemigymnus melapterus Bloch, 1791 (Blackeye thicklip)
* Hemigymnus sexfasciatus Rüppell, 1835