OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Armando Salas

Armando Salas (30 January 1946, Ortigueira – 30 June 2019) was a Galician cartoonist.
Salas was one of the first cartoonists to bring eroticism to Spanish publications in the form of semi-nude girls, tempered with irony and sarcasm during the dictatorship of General Francisco Franco. During this era in 1967, he began drawing professionally for the news-magazine Diez Minutos, and for Comics Camp and Comics In, a fanzine dedicated to the study of comics where he created "Saturday", an ironic take on "Sunday", a popular comics character created by Víctor de la Fuente. Around 1970, he contributed editorial cartoons to the daily Pueblo, and he also joined the staff of the daily El Correo Gallego and the magazine Doblón. That same year he started contributing on the TV journal Todo Television, and he also created a syndicated panel series, "Don Teleneco", in which he satirized "couch potatoes". He began working for the daily El Diario de Ferrol in 1972, and a year later he contributed cartoons to Heraldo Español, in the province of Aragon.
He created his most well-known series, "El Eden", for the Spanish comics magazine El Globo. It was renamed "Adan" for publication in book form. This Spanish cartoon series was a satirical view of Adam and Eve, in which Eve, a blonde in the Marilyn Monroe mold, appeared in a bikini. While working in several mediums, he also created another cartoon series, "Jauja y Colas." And another series came in 1981: "Merlina", about a female wizard who was beautiful, sexy and "ready for anything." Less than six months later Merlina was also published in book form.
Armando Salas published over 40,000 artworks during his career. In 2005 he was awarded the international prize Curuxa De Honra, given by the Museum of Humor in Fene, in Galicia, Spain. Several of his cartoons can be found at this museum. He was also the author of the poster-tribute to Russian journalist Anna Politkovskaya. Nowadays this poster is distributed worldwide by Reporters without Borders. Salas is listed in the World Encyclopedia of Cartoons by Maurice Horn (Chelsea House Publishers (Philadelphia). May 1999).
# Armando Santiago

Armando Santiago (born 18 June 1932) is a Canadian composer, conductor, music educator, and university administrator of Portuguese birth. A member of the Canadian League of Composers, his compositional output includes a considerable amount of orchestral works and chamber works. From 1974 to 1978 he was the director of the Conservatoire de musique du Québec à Trois-Rivières and from 1978 to 1985 he was the director of the Conservatoire de musique du Québec à Québec.

## Early life and education

Born in Lisbon, Santiago became a naturalized Canadian citizen in 1972. He studied singing and piano privately in his native city before entering the Lisbon Conservatory where he earned a premier prix in music history (1954) and music composition (1960). He then studied the techniques of musique concrète with Pierre Schaeffer through the research service of the Office de Radiodiffusion Télévision Française in Paris in 1960. From 1962 to 1964 he studied in Rome with Boris Porena privately and with Goffredo Petrassi at the Accademia Nazionale di Santa Cecilia through grants awarded to him by the governments of Portugal and Italy. He obtained an advanced studies diploma in music composition from the Accademia in 1964. He also pursued studies in conducting with Hans Münch in Lisbon and Franco Ferrara in Siena.

## Career

Santiago taught classes in music theory, composition, and conducting in Lisbon during the 1960s. He emigrated to Canada in 1968 to join the music faculty at the Conservatoire de musique du Québec à Trois-Rivières. He became the director of that school in 1974, and founded its orchestra. In 1978 he was appointed director of the Conservatoire de musique du Québec à Québec. Among his notable pupils are Pierre-Michel Bédard and Gilles Bellemare.
In 1977–1978 Santiago conducted performances of his compositions played by the CBC Quebec Chamber Orchestra. He has also worked as a guest conductor with orchestras in Portugal, Germany, and Canada during the 1970s and 1980s.
A theatre at the Conservatoire de musique du Québec à Trois-Rivières is named for him.

## Compositions

Some of Santiago's more well known compositions are Suite for bassoon and piano (1960), Soneto de Camões for baritone and string orchestra (1966), Sinfonia (1966, written for the Jeunesses musicales du Canada), Sonata (1968, commissioned by the University of Lisbon), Simetrias (1970), Prismes (1970), Heterogenia-Movimento per 32 solisti (1971, commissioned by the Gulbenkian Foundation of Lisbon), Requies for male choir and 25 instruments (1979–83), Undecassônia (1975) and Trame (1985–9) for orchestra, and Musique pour quatre (1988). In 1962 he composed the film score for Ernesto de Sousa's Dom Roberto.
# Universal Arts Center

Universal Arts Center, formerly known as Little Angels Arts Center is a performance venue in Seoul, South Korea. Universal Ballet performs their ballets there.
# Pala, Järva County

Pala is a village in Türi Parish, Järva County in central Estonia.
The biologist and conservationist Jaan Eilart (1933–2006) was born in Pala.
# Sparganothoides arcuatana

Sparganothoides arcuatana is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in southern Mexico, where it is known from the Sierra Madre Occidental in Jalisco and the Sierra Madre Oriental in Veracruz and Puebla, ranging south to Oaxaca. The habitat consists of montane areas.
The length of the forewings is 10.3–12.1 mm for males and 11.1–12.5 mm for females. Adults have been recorded on wing in August and September.
The larvae have been reared on Quercus lobata. They web the edges of the leaves of their host plant.
# Houdancourt

Houdancourt (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Oise department in northern France.
# Houde Institute

The Houde Institute (Chinese: 厚德智库; lit. 'Houde think tank') is a Think-tank based in Beijing which specializes in research related to international relations. The Institute was established in 2019 and is currently led by Wang Hongjuan. The institute conducts research and policy recommendations regarding China's international relations, China's Belt and Road Initiative, technology innovation, crisis management as well as other topics.

## Activities

In June 2020, Houde Institute signed an agreement with South Africa's Inclusive Society Institute for strategic cooperation on both countries' economic development and cooperation on the Belt and Road Initiative.
# Horneburg station

The rapid transit railway station Horneburg (German: Bahnhof or Haltestelle Horneburg) is located in the Horneburg village, Lower Saxony. The trains of the Hamburg S-Bahn serve the station with the line S5 from Elbgaustraße station via central station to Stade. It is also a station for the Niederelbebahn line from Hamburg to Cuxhaven.
# Hongxing District

Hongxing District (simplified Chinese: 红星区; traditional Chinese: 紅星區; pinyin: Hóngxīng Qū; lit. 'red star') is a district of the city of Yichun, Heilongjiang province, People's Republic of China.
# Aron Kuppermann

Aron Kuppermann (May 6, 1926 – October 14, 2011) was a professor of chemical physics at California Institute of Technology. The author of more than 200 publications, he is perhaps best known for his work in the application of quantum mechanics to the solution of problems in chemical reaction dynamics and kinetics. Kuppermann and George Schatz completed the first calculation of the dynamics of a chemical reaction in a full 3-dimensional quantum model.
Born in Brazil, Kuppermann earned degrees in Chemical Engineering (1948) and Civil Engineering (1952) from the University of São Paulo. He served as an assistant professor of chemistry at the Instituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica in São José dos Campos (1950–51). He was a British Council Scholar at the University of Edinburgh, Scotland in 1953, and earned a Ph.D. in physical chemistry at the University of Notre Dame in 1955. He then joined the faculty of the University of Illinois (1955–1963) and subsequently came to California Institute of Technology in 1963.

## Awards and recognitions

Kuppermann received the Centennial of Science Award from Notre Dame in 1965. In 1967 he was the Venable Lecturer at the University of North Carolina, and in 1968 was named the Werner Lecturer at the University of Kansas. He was the Kolthoff Lecturer at the University of Minnesota in 1984. He was a John Simon Guggenheim Fellow at the Weizmann Institute and the University of São Paulo in 1976 and 1977.
# Aron Mehzion

Aron Mehzion (Asmara, 1970), is an Eritrean-born visual artist and sculptor. He has German citizenship and lives in Düsseldorf.

## Life and works

Mehzion left his hometown at the age of five, after his father Amahazion Tekeste, a successful businessman, was murdered by the Derg regime in 1975. Together with his mother Gabriella Woldu, a skilled model maker, his brother Amanuel, and two sisters Eden and Saba he fled to Germany through Sudan, Egypt and Italy. After graduating from the Geschwister-Scholl-Gymnasium in Düsseldorf, he studied at the Kunstakademie Düsseldorf from 1993 to 2000. He was a pupil of Michael Buthe, Jannis Kounellis and Gerhard Merz.
Since he could not live on art alone, in 2002 he opened his first bar, called "Baron", in the "Barockschlösschen" in the Ehrenhof in Düsseldorf (Haus Ehrenhof 3). He inaugurated the bar with the exhibition entitled "hellgruen" (light green), making it a "living space for artists". When the bar premises were rented to the E.ON group for concerts, Ulrike Groos, the then director of the Kunsthalle Düsseldorf, and Rita Kersting, the then director of the Kunstverein for Rhineland and Westphalia, offered him an alternative room in the Kunsthalle Düsseldorf. With the collaboration of the students of the Academy Stefano Brivio and Detlef Weinrich, and of the artist friend Andreas Gursky who donated black armchairs as furniture, in 2004 he founded the Lounge: Salon des Amateurs. The bar has developed, also through the Approximation Festival started together with Volker Bertelmann in 2005, into a well-known night club for live acts of electronic music and new improvisation.
As a visual artist, Mehzion deals "with physical and mathematical questions of mirror symmetry, taking into account considerations on four-dimensional spaces". He is particularly interested in the temporal dimension of objects, which he pursues with impressions and impressions on tabletop installations.

## Selected exhibitions

* 2010: Aron Mehzion, Showroom Tina Miyake, Düsseldorf
* 2016: Schaf und Ruder/Wool and Water, Gemeinschaftsausstellung in der Kunsthalle Düsseldorf Lili Dujourie, Isa Genzken, Astrid Klein, Mischa Kuball, Reinhard Mucha, Gerhard Richter, Elaine Sturtevant und Rosemarie Trockel
* 2016: Inverresion, Galerie Marzona, Berlin
* 2018: parallélisme élémentaire, Galerie Marzona, Berlin
* 2018: Four Rooms with a View, Galerija Vartai, Vilnius, Litauen
# Arnos Vale, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines

Arnos Vale is a former agricultural estate and now a settlement in Greathead Bay, formerly Warrawarrou Bay, in southern Saint Vincent, in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines. It is centred 5 kilometres (3.1 miles) southeast of the capital, Kingstown. The country's former main airport, E. T. Joshua Airport occupied part of the area, and used to be called Arnos Vale Airport. The area is mainly green and has a coastline to the south. As to the traditional parishes of the island, determining the local forerunner church and present local body, it lies in the parish of Saint George, which contains the capital and about half of the island's population. It is one of five parishes on the main island.
The town hosts a 18,000-seat cricket and football stadium at the Arnos Vale Sports Complex.
Relocation of airport to Argyle has led government to indicate willingness to transform the former airport into a residential area.

## History

During the mid-nineteenth century, following the fall-out of the abolition of slavery in St Vincent and the reduction in value and investment in estates, the British parliament passed a series of Acts – the West Indian Incumbered Estates Acts – to provide clear title to estates and to enable their comprehensive re-planning if the new owners, whether local or abroad, so desired without fear of hindrance from objections from either side of the Atlantic, such as adjoining owners or those with interests in historic trusts. The Arnos Vale Estate - then 454-acre (184 ha) - was sold on 1 November 1858, four years after the first such Act and was the first estate to be subjected to the clear title mechanism which the series of Acts created.
The buyer was Rev. F. R. Braithwaite of St Kitts for £10,050, a sum that Reginald Cust, commissioner and historian of the legislation, noted was much higher than expected. The Estate, including Arnos Vale Great House was then bought in 1893 from Rev. Braithwaite by George Richard Correia (later Corea), son of Joachim Correia one of the first Portuguese indentured labourers who came from Madeira to St Vincent in the 1840s.
# Arnoro

Arnoro was a charter airline based in Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina. It was established in 2004 and started operations in November 2004. It operated services to Scandinavia and Turkey. Its main base was Sarajevo International Airport.
From start Arnoro had many technical problems. Flights to Scandinavia were soon forbidden because there were not installed security door between cockpit and passenger cabin on their MD-81. Flights were canceled and no money was given back to any of passengers. After three months flights started again, but did not last very long. Sarajevo airport did not allowed Arnoro to fly anymore because of their bill. Arnoro continued flights form Mostar's airport.
Arnoro moved to charter flights and went to Albania, Spain and Africa. In Gabon Arnoro MD-81 landed to pick passengers but as Gabon's government says they have no rights to enter their country and crew on plane was left with no supplement of food for three days. Bosnian and French government made deal to return crew to Sarajevo but for Gabon to keep the plane. Arnoro canceled all his operations and simply gone missing.

## Previous Destinations

* Bosnia and Herzegovina
** Banja Luka (Banja Luka International Airport)
** Mostar (Mostar International Airport)
** Sarajevo (Sarajevo International Airport) Hub
* Norway
** Oslo (Oslo Airport, Gardermoen)
* Sweden
** Stockholm (Stockholm-Arlanda Airport)
** Gothenburg (Göteborg Landvetter Airport)
* Denmark
** Copenhagen (Copenhagen Airport)
* Turkey
** Istanbul (Atatürk International Airport)
* United Kingdom
** London (London Heathrow Airport)

## Fleet

* 1 McDonnell Douglas MD-81 (leased from US Airways from 2004 to 2005)
# Horseman's pick

The horseman's pick is a weapon of Middle Eastern origin used by cavalry during the Middle Ages in Europe and the Middle East. It is a type of war hammer that has a very long spike on the reverse of the hammer head. Usually, this spike is slightly curved downwards, much like a miner's pickaxe. The term is sometimes used interchangeably with war hammer. A metal-made horseman's pick called "nadziak" was one of the main weapons of the famous Polish Winged Hussars. A weapon of late make, the horseman's pick was developed by the English and used by billmen. It was used with great success during the Hundred Years' War. A use of the horseman's pick was to tear men from their mounts.
The horseman's pick was often used as a means to penetrate thick plate armour or mail which the standard sword could not. However, a number of drawbacks limited the weapon's effectiveness. Its relative heaviness made it unwieldy and, thus, easily avoided. The injury caused by the weapon was also small and rarely immediately fatal. Additionally, if swung too hard, the weapon often became embedded in the victim or their armour, making retrieval difficult.

## Gallery

* A Polish hussar with a nadziak (17th century)
* Ottoman horseman’s pick (18th century, collection of the National Museum in Kraków
# Pamela Allen

Pamela Kay Allen MNZM AM (née Griffiths; born 3 April 1934) is a New Zealand children's writer and illustrator. She has published over 50 picture books since 1980. Sales of her books have exceeded five million copies.

## Early life and family

Born in the Auckland suburb of Devonport in 1934 to Esma Eileen (née Griffith) and William Ewart Griffiths, Allen studied at St Cuthbert's College, then the Elam School of Fine Arts at the University of Auckland, from where she graduated with a Diploma of Fine Arts in 1955. She then worked as a secondary school art teacher. She married sculptor Jim Allen in 1964. They moved to Sydney in about 1977, and after about 30 years returned to live in Auckland, New Zealand.

## Writing career

Allen published her first book, Mr Archimedes' Bath, in 1980. Since then she has written and illustrated more than 30 picture books for children.
She has won or been shortlisted for many awards as both a writer and illustrator. She won the Children's Book Council of Australia's Children's Picture Book of The Year Award in 1983 for Who Sank the Boat? and 1984 for Bertie and the Bear, and has been shortlisted for the same award on five other occasions. She twice won the Ethel Turner Prize in the New South Wales Premier's Literary Awards, in 1980 for Mr Archimedes' Bath and 1983 for Who Sank the Boat?.
Allen was awarded the International Board on Books for Young People honour diploma for illustration, for Who Sank the Boat?, in 1984.
In 1986, she received the Library and Information Association of New Zealand Aotearoa Russell Clark Illustration Award for her illustrations in A Lion in the Night.
In 2001, Who Sank The Boat?, first published in 1982, won the Gaelyn Gordon Award—given to the author of a New Zealand children's book that has been a favourite with children over a long period of time—from the New Zealand Book Council.
Allen returned to live in Auckland and in 2004 she won the Margaret Mahy Medal, New Zealand's top children's literature prize. In the 2005 New Year Honours, she was appointed a Member of the New Zealand Order of Merit, for services to children's literature.
Eight of her books have been adapted for the stage by Patch Theatre Company and performed at the Sydney Opera House.
Allen's daughter, Ruth Allen, a Melbourne-based glass sculptor, was commissioned by Penguin Australia in 2008 to create an artwork to celebrate sales of over five million copies of Allen's books.
Allen was appointed a Member of the Order of Australia in the 2024 Australia Day Honours for her "significant service to literature as an author".
# Arthur Barton

Arthur Barton may refer to:
* Arthur Barton (cricketer) (1874–1949), English cricketer
* Arthur W. Barton (1899–1976), headmaster, academic author and football referee
* Arthur Barton (bishop) (1881–1962), Church of Ireland clergyman and Archbishop of Dublin
# Arthur Bartrum

John Arthur Bartrum (24 May 1885 – 7 June 1949) was a New Zealand geologist and university professor. He was born in Geraldine, South Canterbury, New Zealand on 24 May 1885.
# Univox Super-Fuzz

The Univox Super-Fuzz was a fuzzbox produced by the Univox company, primarily for use with the electric guitar or bass.

## History
### Origin

The circuit was designed in the late 1960s by the Japanese company Honey, in the form of a multi effect called the Honey Psychedelic Machine. Later on, Honey was taken on by Shin-ei, who produced the effect separately (who also produced another well known fuzz box, the Shin-ei Companion FY-2) and imported in the USA by Unicord. The first Super-Fuzzes were made in 1968, and production continued until the late 70s.

### Design

The first units were made in a simple stamped sheet metal box, painted grey, with a blue metal Univox sticker on the top. Around 1970 production was changed to a die-cast metal box, with a large pedal featuring a rubber cover that had the words "Super-Fuzz" embossed on it. The first die cast units were either grey or black, with a green or black foot pedal. Around 1973 or so, they were all produced with an orange pedal, with a green or blue foot pedal. The later models also featured an internal trim pot for controlling the octave balance.

### Alternative manufacturers

Although the Univox units are the most well-known incarnation of this circuit, Shin-ei licensed this circuit out to dozens of manufacturers.

## Sound

This fuzz is an octave fuzz using two germanium diodes to produce square wave clipping.
The controls are 'Balance' (volume), 'Expander' (fuzz amount), a two position 'tone' switch, and an on/off footswitch on top.
There are two unique features of this device that set it apart from other distortion and fuzz pedals. The first is that the full-wave rectification of the circuit produces an upper octave as well as a slight lower octave. This also gives the sound a lot of compression and gives a mild ring modulator effect. The second unique feature is a tone switch that engages a 1 kHz filter that "scoops" the mids, giving a very fat, almost bassy tone, unique to this circuit.

## Super-Fuzz users

Notable musicians who have used the Super-Fuzz include:
* Adam Yauch of Beastie Boys
* Billy Corgan of Smashing Pumpkins
* Billy Cox of Jimi Hendrix
* Chris Walla of Death Cab for Cutie
* Elliott Frazier of Ringo Deathstarr
* Gary Louris of The Jayhawks
* Hillel Slovak of Red Hot Chili Peppers
* J Mascis of Dinosaur Jr.
* Joe Denardo of Growing
* Jon Niederbrach of The Untold Fables
* Joe Preston of Thrones
* Josh Homme of Them Crooked Vultures, Queens of the Stone Age and Kyuss
* Jus Oborn of Electric Wizard
* Kurt Cobain of Nirvana
* Mark Arm and Steve Turner of Mudhoney
* Pete Townshend of The Who
* Poison Ivy of The Cramps
* Scott Hill of Fu Manchu
* Steve Hackett of Genesis (rebranded as the Shaftesbury Duo-Fuzz)
* Dave Stewart of Hatfield and the North (rebranded as the Shaftesbury Duo-Fuzz)
* Tony McPhee of The Groundhogs
* Paul Vinegar of Jahbulong
* David Shannon of Cheater Slicks
* Josh Hamby of From Zero To Zed
# Horseshoe Casino Tunica

Horseshoe Casino Tunica is a casino resort located in Tunica Resorts, Mississippi, United States. It was developed by Jack Binion, the son of Las Vegas gaming legend Benny Binion, and named after his father's famous Binion's Horseshoe downtown gambling hall. Much like its namesake, the Horseshoe Tunica is known for catering to serious gamblers, particularly table games players, and is known for its liberal, player-favorable rules and its comp policies.
The Tunica "Shoe" was opened in 1995 as part of "Casino Center," a development by Jack Binion with three casinos side by side [Circus Circus Tunica (now Gold Strike Tunica) and Sheraton Casino and Hotel (later Tunica Roadhouse Casino & Hotel, now razed) being the neighbors]. The property has undergone several expansions and renovations over the years.
Binion sold Horseshoe Gaming Holding Corporation, the Tunica property's corporate parent, to Harrah's Entertainment in 2004. Under Harrah's, the Tunica "Shoe" became home to a World Series of Poker circuit event; previously, the Horseshoe had partnered with the neighboring Gold Strike to host the Jack Binion World Poker Open, a stop on the World Poker Tour. Harrah's Entertainment renamed itself to Caesars Entertainment in 2010.
In October 2017, ownership of the property was transferred to Vici Properties as part of a corporate spin-off, and it was leased back to Caesars Entertainment.
The casino features more than 70 table games, more than 2,000 slot machines, a large poker room, three fine-dining restaurants, a large buffet and a snack bar. The hotel features more than 500 rooms, most configured as suites. The main showroom, the "Bluesville Showcase Nightclub" opened in 1998 and seats 1,400.