OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Edward Crowe

Sir Edward Thomas Frederick Crowe KCMG (20 August 1877 – 8 March 1960) was a senior British civil servant and diplomat.

## Biography

Born on the Greek island of Zakynthos on 20 August 1877, Edward Crowe was educated at Bedford School. In 1897 he joined the Diplomatic Service and was appointed as a student interpreter in Japan. By 1901, he had been promoted to be Vice-Consul at the British Consulate in Yokohama. In 1903 he was appointed Vice-Consul at the British Consulate in Kobe and, in 1904, he was appointed Acting Consul at the British Consulate in Tamsui District. Between 1906 and 1918 he was Commercial Attaché at the British Embassy in Tokyo and, between 1918 and 1925, he was Commercial Counsellor at the British Embassy in Tokyo. Between 1925 and 1928 he was seconded to the Civil Service as Director of the Foreign Division of the Department for Overseas Trade and, between 1928 and 1937, he was Comptroller-General of the Department for Overseas Trade.
Sir Edward Crowe was invested as a Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George in 1911, as a Knight Bachelor in 1922, and as a Knight Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George in 1930. He retired from the Civil Service in 1937, and was President of the Royal Society of Arts between 1941 and 1943. He died in Cairo, on 8 March 1960, aged 82, whilst visiting his son, Sir Colin Crowe, who was British Chargé d'Affaires in Egypt at the time of his father's death.
# Thermojet

Thermojet might refer to one of two dis-similar jet engine designs:
* a motorjet, in which the compressor is driven by a piston engine instead of a turbine
* a valveless pulse jet
# Grey Goose Island

Grey Goose Island is one of several, larger, uninhabited Canadian arctic islands in Nunavut, Canada located within the midsection of James Bay. Other comparable islands in the area include the Bear Islands, North and South Twin Islands, Spencer Island, Sunday Island, and Walter Island. La Grande River and the Cree village of Chisasibi, Quebec are 65 km (40 mi) to the southeast.
The island is low-lying and flat, dominated by rock and sand. It is devoid of trees, although there are grasses and other hardy plants. It is frequented by Arctic fox, Ringed seal, Beluga whale, caribou, and polar bears. A major migration route for geese, notable bird populations include American pipit, Arctic tern, black guillemot, common eider, common loon, great black-backed gull, gyrfalcon, herring gull, Pacific loon, purple sandpiper, red-necked phalarope, red-throated loon, and semipalmated plover.

## History

Grey Goose Island's history includes a visit by Robert J. Flaherty in 1910 during the First MacKenzie Expedition, as well as the stranding of the MV North Star IV in 1961 after it hit an uncharted rock.
During the Cold War period of 1958 to 1965, Canada permitted the United States to practise high-altitude photographic reconnaissance over Grey Goose Island with the RB-52C Stratofortress. M120 photoflash bombs were used, and possibly practice bombs. Small-calibre machine gun rounds may have been fired. Because of the possibility that unexploded explosive ordnance or other munitions are buried in the ground, or may still remain on the island, Canada's Department of National Defence has retained the area. However, occasionally, the island's wildlife resources are harvested by the Cree.
# Grauer

Grauer is a Germanic surname meaning "grey", which may refer to:
* Ben Grauer (1908–1977), U.S. radio and TV personality
* Connie Grauer (born ?), U.S. musician, co-founding member of Mrs. Fun
* Frederick L. A. Grauer (born ?), U.S. investment banker
* Joshua Kuroda-Grauer (born 2003), American baseball player
* Ona Grauer (born 1978), Mexican-born Canadian actress
* Peter Grauer (born 1946), U.S. businessman and entrepreneur
* Rudolf Grauer (1870–1927), Austrian explorer and zoologist
* Stuart Grauer (born 1950), U.S. educator, author, and founder of the Grauer School
* Thaddeus Grauer, Austrian art dealer.
* Uwe Grauer (born 1970), German footballer and coach
* William E. Grauer (born ?), U.S. lawyer
# Sulzbach (Rhine)

Sulzbach is a river of Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is a right tributary of the Rhine. It passes through Sulzburg and Heitersheim, and flows into the Rhine near Hartheim am Rhein.
# Phragmacossia ariana

Phragmacossia ariana is a species of moth of the family Cossidae. It is found in Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Kyrgyzstan and Iran.
# Tochmaland, Kollum

Tochmaland is a smock mill in Kollum, Friesland, Netherlands, which was built in 1893. The mill has been restored to working order. It is listed as a Rijksmonument, number 23743.

## History

Tochmaland was built in to drain the 550 hectares (1,400 acres) Tochmaland polder. It was originally the sawmill Welgelegen, Veendam, Groningen. The mill was moved by millwright J B Donders of Tilburg, North Brabant, who had quoted a lower price for the move than millwrights from Kollum. It was formerly fitted with four patent sails. The mill ceased working in 1946 when the windshaft broke and repair was deemed too expensive. A brick shed containing an electrically driven Archimedes' screw was erected next to the mill.
A proposal to demolish the mill was rejected by the mayor of the gemeente Kollumerland en Nieuwkruisland. On 30 December 1948, the mill was purchased by the gemeente. Restorations were undertaken in 1949, 1963 and 1983. since 1995, an electric motor has been installed in Tochmaland to drive its Archimedes' screw, and the installation in the brick shed demolished.

## Description

Tochmaland is what the Dutch describe as an Grondzeiler. It is a two-storey smock mill on a single-storey base. There is no stage, the sails reaching down almost to ground level. The mill is winded by tailpole and winch. The smock and cap are thatched. The sails are Common sails. They have a span of 23.54 metres (77 ft 3 in). The sails are carried on a cast-iron windshaft which was cast by H J Koning, Foxham, Groningen, in 1912. The windshaft also carries the brake wheel which has 63 cogs. This drives the wallower (33 cogs) at the top of the upright shaft. At the bottom of the upright shaft is the crown wheel, which has 44 cogs drives a gearwheel with 41 cogs on the axle of the Archimedes' screw. The axle of the Archimedes' screw is 445 millimetres (1 ft 6 in) diameter. The screw is 1.63 metres (5 ft 4 in) diameter and 5.50 metres (18 ft 1 in) long. It is inclined at 19½°. Each revolution of the screw lifts 1,347 litres (296 imp gal) of water.

## Public access

Tochmaland is open on Saturday mornings from 9:30 a.m. to 12:00 p.m.
# Howard Wood (environmentalist)

Howard Wood OBE (born 1954) is a Scottish environmentalist, co-funder of Community of Arran Seabed Trust (COAST) and Goldman Environmental Prize winner in 2015.

## Biography

Howard Wood has been living on Isle of Arran since he was 14 years old, in a home town to his father. He worked in a tree nursery, which was run by his family. Since 1973 he has been swimming and diving in the sea surrounding the Isle of Arran. He has an extensive knowledge on marine environment. While exploring the marine environment close to Isle of Arran, he has taken several photos and created video archives.

## Contribution to environment

When Howard Wood was diving in Firth of Clyde he realized changes to marine environment, which he associated with recent growth of fishing industry in this region. In 1989 he met his close friend, Don MacNeish, who had just come back from New Zealand. They both were inspired by the means of protecting the marine life that exist in New Zealand. They decided to create a similar protection area in Scotland. Using their personal savings, in 1995, they co-funded Community of Arran Seabed Trust (COAST) consisting a group of local volunteers. Howard Wood initiated grassroots campaign in order to establish Scotland's first No Take Zone (NTZ) in Lamlash Bay.
Finally, in 2008 an NTZ in Lamlash Bay was created, after 12 month of meeting and consulting on the matter with public officials, local fishermen and scientists, community rallies, and sending petitions to the Scottish parliament. Howard Wood encouraged local divers to introduce the new rules and caring for them to be respected by others. These activities were supposed to fasten the marine environment recovery, mostly seaweed beds, corals and juvenile scallops.
In 2012 together with COAST he suggested to designate the South Arran Sea as a Marine Protected Area (MPA).The idea was consulted with local divers and marine experts. Wood's aim was to keep the issue popular among the politicians. Eventually, in July 2014, Scottish Government announced creation of 30 new Marine Protected Areas in Scotland including the South Arran MPA, the first and only community-developed MPA in the country. Howard Wood together with COAST work now on creating similar protected areas in other Scottish areas presenting unique marine environment. They promote sustainable marine management policies and try to preserve fishing communities and their cultures.
# Granyena de les Garrigues

Granyena de les Garrigues (Catalan pronunciation:) is a village in the province of Lleida and autonomous community of Catalonia, Spain.
# Edward Crundall

Wing Commander Edward Duncan Crundall DFC, AFC (9 December 1896 – 1980s) was an officer of the British Royal Air Force, who served in World War I, becoming flying ace credited with seven aerial victories, and also in World War II.

## Biography

Edward Duncan Crundall was born in Whitfield, Kent, England on 9 December 1896. He was the son of Edward Crundall (1852-1942), a wealthy coal dealer of Kent, and Sarah Crundall, née Morley. Edward's grandfather, Henry Crundall (1821-1894), was an uncle of Sir William Henry Crundall (1847-1934), a mayor of Dover, Kent, and Chairman of the Dover Harbour Board. Edward Duncan's younger brother, Walter Frederick (1899-1982), also flew during World War 1. Edward Duncan Crundall died in 1981 in Brighton, E. Sussex.

### World War I

Crundall joined the Royal Naval Air Service in 1914. He was appointed a temporary flight sub-lieutenant on 20 July 1916. On 5 September 1916 he was granted the Royal Aero Club Aviator's Certificate No. 3543 at Royal Naval Air Station Eastbourne, and was posted to No. 8 Naval Squadron as a pilot. He would score his first aerial victories during Bloody April 1917 while flying a Sopwith Triplane. On 10 May 1917, he was wounded and shot down by Alois Heldmann.
Crundall was promoted to flight lieutenant on 31 December 1917, and on 10 May 1918 he was appointed acting-captain. He then switched squadrons and mounts for his last four wins in July and August 1918, flying a Sopwith Camel for 210 Squadron RAF. He was confirmed in his rank in December 1918.
Crundall relinquished his commission on 28 August 1919, and on 10 October "in recognition of distinguished services rendered during the war", was awarded the Distinguished Flying Cross.

### Post World War I

Crundall continued working in aviation, and on 16 July 1935 was commissioned as a flying officer (class C) in the Reserve of Air Force Officers (RAFO). He flew civil flights and air charter work until 1937.

### World War II

In 1939 Crundall returned to active service, while remaining a Reserve Officer. He was promoted to flight lieutenant on 3 September 1940, to temporary squadron leader on 1 March 1942, and to war substantive squadron leader on 15 August 1942. He commanded No. 116 (Calibration) Squadron until 1945, and on 1 January 1945 was awarded the Air Force Cross for his efforts, by which time he was an acting-wing commander.

### Post World War II

After World War II, Crundall began charter airlines to French Equatorial Africa and South Africa. He remained a member of the Reserve of Air Force Officers, until finally relinquishing his commission on 10 February 1954, retaining the rank of wing commander. By the end of his flying career, he had accumulated over 8,500 flying hours in his pilot's log. His autobiography, entitled Fighter Pilot on the Western Front, was published in 1975. In 1958 he was the publisher of the "EVENTS in BRISTOL" magazine Vol. 10. No. 123 April 1958 price 6d 24 pages. Also published "Events in the West" and "Events in Wales" from an address in Weston-super-Mare, Somerset, England.
# Yohann Kouam

Yohann Kouam (born 1982), is a French filmmaker as well as a producer, screenwriter of Cameroonian descent. He has made several critically acclaimed short films.

## Personal life

Yohann is a French film director. His father is an accountant and mother is a hotelier.

## Career

He studied film editing at Institut des arts de diffusion (IAD) in Brussels, and then Translation Studies in France. He later became a teaching assistant in high school to give language lessons.
In 2007, Kouam made a short film Fragments de vie. With its critical reception, he made the second short film Les dimanches de Léa in 2010. He then made the short film The Return in 2013, which became internationally acclaimed. In 2016, he made the film From San Francisco with Love.

## Filmography

| Year | Film | Role | Note |
| 2004 | Frères (Fragments of Lives) | Director, Writer | short film |
| 2007 | Fragments de vie (Fragments of Lives) | Director, Writer | short film |
| 2010 | Les dimanches de Léa (Lea's Sundays) | Director | short film |
| 2013 | Le Retour (The Return) | Director | short film |
| 2016 | From San Francisco with Love | Director, Writer | short film |
| 2023 | Après l'aurore (After Dawn) | Director, Writer | short film |

## Awards & Nominations

| Organisation | Year | Category | Result | Work |
| Palm Springs International ShortFest | 2014 | Best of the Festival - Live Action | Nominated | The Return |
| Rhode Island International Film Festival | 2014 | Grand Prize - Best Short | Nominated | The Return |
| Rhode Island International Film Festival | 2014 | Alternative Spirit Award - Short | Won | The Return |
| Chéries-Chéris | 2014 | Grand Prize Chéries-Chéris | Won | The Return |
| Hainan International Film Festival | 2023 | Golden Coconut - Best short film | Nominated | Après l'aurore (After Dawn) |
# Greater hog badger

The greater hog badger (Arctonyx collaris) is a very large terrestrial mustelid native to Southeast Asia. It is listed as Vulnerable in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species because the global population is thought to be declining due to high levels of poaching.

## Taxonomy

It was formerly thought to be the only species in the genus Arctonyx, displaying heavy variation throughout its wide range, leading it to be classified as having many subspecies. However, a 2008 study found that Arctonyx should be split into three species. The following subspecies were formerly recognized, but are now thought to be conspecific with little distinction between one another:
* Greater hog badger A. c. collaris (Cuvier, 1825) – lives in the Eastern Himalayas;
* Indochinese hog badger A. c. dictator (Thomas, 1910) – lives in southern Thailand and Indochina;
* Burmese hog badger A. c. consul (Pocock, 1940) – occurs from Assam to Myanmar.

## Description

The greater hog badger has medium-length brown hair, a stocky body, white throat, two black stripes on an elongated white snout, with a pink, pig-like nose. The snout-to-rump length is 65–104 cm (26–41 in), the tail measures 19–29 cm (7.5–11.4 in) and the body weight is 7–14 kg (15–31 lb).
With weights regularly reported between 8.4 to 12 kg (19 to 26 lb), it is one of the world's largest terrestrial extant mustelids (by average body mass). It is perhaps only second or third to the wolverine, rivaling the European badger; However, hog badgers are not known to rival the weights of the European badger during autumn hyperphagia.
A hog badger's appearance generally resembles the European badger, but having a pronounced pig-like snout, and with larger claws on the front feet. Its tail has long white hairs, and its front feet have white claws.

## Distribution and habitat

The greater hog badger is considered fairly common in Thailand and most of mainland Southeast Asia, living in tropical evergreen forests and grasslands. They are also to be found in the Terai of the Indian Subcontinent; from the Yamuna River east, through the states of Haryana, Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Assam and West Bengal. The range also encompasses areas of lower Himalayan foothills in parts of Bangladesh, Bhutan, and Nepal, in addition to the Brahmaputra River basin. Its distribution in Myanmar is considered patchy.

## Behaviour and ecology

The hog badger is active by day and not very wary of humans. Analysis of numerous camera trap pictures from Myanmar show no peak activity at either day or night.
The hog badger is omnivorous; its diet consists of fruits, roots and small animals. A study conducted in Laos found that the native clouded leopards eat a large proportion of greater hog badgers, accounting for 28% of their diet.
# Peters Marland

Peters Marland is a small village and civil parish in the local government district of Torridge, Devon, England. The parish, which lies about four miles south of the town of Great Torrington, is surrounded clockwise from the north by the parishes of Little Torrington, Merton, Petrockstowe, Buckland Filleigh, Shebbear and Langtree. In 2001 its population was 234, down from the 286 residents it had in 1901.
In 1850 the parish was recorded as covering 2,200 acres with 351 parishioners. At that time most of the land within the parish belonged to Rev. John Moore-Stevens (died 1865), Archdeacon of Exeter, whose son was living at Winscott House in the parish; much also belonged to G. Oldham of Twigbear. Both Winscott and Twigbear are former manors that have their origins before the Norman Conquest, as also are Week and Winswell in the parish.
The parish church, in the village, is dedicated to St Peter. It was extensively restored in the 1860s by the Moore-Stevens family and is, according to W. G. Hoskins, "entirely without interest".

## Industry

Ball clay is quarried in the east of the parish, as it has been for many years. There was a brick and tile works here until 1940; many houses in Great Torrington are built of its cream-coloured bricks. The North Devon and Cornwall Junction Light Railway served the works between 1925 and 1982. Today the former railway line forms part of the Tarka Trail series of footpaths and cycle tracks.
# Superficial circumflex iliac vein

Superficial circumflex iliac vein is either of the two venae comitantes of the superficial circumflex iliac artery. It usually empties into the great saphenous vein just proximal to where it itself empties into the femoral vein, but may sometimes instead empty into the femoral vein directly. Passing in the subcutaneous tissue, the SCIV runs superficially/anteriorly across the femoral artery.

## Additional images

* The great saphenous vein and its tributaries.
* The femoral vein and its tributaries.
* The subcutaneous inguinal ring.
* Anterior abdominal wall. Superficial dissection. Anterior view.
# Örencik, Kızılcahamam

Örencik is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Kızılcahamam, Ankara Province, Turkey. Its population is 168 (2022). To differentiate it from the other nearby Örencik village in the District of Kahramankazan, people in the area call Örencik "Çakmak Örencik", while calling the other village "Leblebi Örencik."
# Arthur French (actor)

Arthur Wellesley French Jr. (November 6, 1931 – July 24, 2021) was an American actor and director, best known for his work in the theatre.

## Life and career

French was born in Harlem, New York City, on November 6, 1931, the son of Arthur and Ursilla French, who both emigrated to the U.S. from Saint Vincent and the Grenadines.
Throughout a career that spans over fifty years, French is best known for his work on the stage. He worked extensively with the Negro Ensemble Company (NEC) and has played a wide variety of roles. He was also a supporting character in the 1976 comedy film Car Wash.
His later film credits were in 2 Days in New York and Red Hook Summer, both released in August 2012. He died on July 24, 2021, at the age of 89 in Manhattan, New York.

## Selected credits
### Theatre
#### Acting

| Year | Production | Role | Theatre(s) | Notes |
| 1962 | Raisin' Hell in the Son | | Provincetown Playhouse | |
| 1969 | Ceremonies in Dark Old Men | William Jenkins | St. Mark's Playhouse | |
| 1971 | Black Girl | Earl | Theatre de Lys | |
| 1971 | Ain't Supposed to Die a Natural Death | | Ethel Barrymore Theatre | |
| 1978 | Nevis Mountain Dew | Ayton Morris | St. Mark's Playhouse | |
| 1981 | The Amen Corner | Brother Boxer | Crossroads Theater Company | |
| 1983 | You Can't Take It With You | Donald | Plymouth Theatre Royale Theatre | |
| 1991 | Mule Bone | Rev. Singletary Mayor Joe Clark (understudy) | Ethel Barrymore Theatre | |
| 1995 | Henry VI | Earl of Salisbury | Theater at St. Clements Church | |
| 2001 | Fire Drill | Carl | Urban Stages | Part of "Free Market," a collection of eight short plays. |
| 2001 | Kickin Summit | Ski | Urban Stages | Part of "Free Market," a collection of eight short plays. |
| 2001 | Give Us This Day | Dad | Urban Stages | Part of "Free Market," a collection of eight short plays. |
| 2001 | The Border Crossers Lounge | Mother Perez | Urban Stages | Part of "Free Market," a collection of eight short plays. |
| 2005 | The Master Builder | Doctor Herdal | Pearl Theatre | |
| 2006 | Two Trains Running | Holloway | Peter Norton Space | Lucille Lortel Award, Outstanding Featured Actor |
| 2007 | Dividing the Estate | Doug | 59E59 Theater A | |
| 2009 | Medea | | The Riverside Theatre | |
| 2009 | The Book of Lambert | | La MaMa etc. | |
| 2009 | Dividing the Estate | Doug | Hartford Stage | |

#### Directing

| Year | Production | Theatre(s) | Notes |
| 1967 | One Last Look | Old Reliable Theatre Tavern | One of the first produced plays written by steve carter |

### Film
#### Acting

| Year | Title | Role |
| 1976 | Car Wash | Charlie |
| 1986 | 'Round Midnight | Booker |
| 1992 | Malcolm X | Pullman Porter |
| 1994 | Crooklyn | West Indian Store Manager |
| 2012 | Where is Joel Baum? | Detective Robertson |
| 2013 | 2 Days in New York | Lee Robinson |
| 2013 | Movie 43 | Old Man |
| 2014 | God's Pocket | Lucien "Old Lucy" Edwards |

### Television
#### Acting

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 1986–1987 | Another World | Al Edwards | 2 episodes |
| 2018 | New Amsterdam | Brent | Season 1, Episode 15 |
# Taringamotu

Taringamotu is a valley and rural community in the Ruapehu District and Manawatū-Whanganui region of New Zealand's North Island.
It is located northwest of Taumarunui, and north of State Highway 41.
The local Hia Kaitupeka marae is a tribal meeting ground of the Ngāti Maniapoto hapū of Hari and Te Kanawa, and the Ngāti Hāua hapū of Ngāti Hira. It includes the Hari meeting house.

## Education

Ngakonui Valley School is a co-educational state primary school for Year 1 to 8 students, with a roll of 71 as of August 2024.
# Edward Crouch (cricketer)

Edward Robert Crouch (11 January 1873 – 8 August 1962) was an Australian cricketer. He played seventeen first-class matches for Queensland between 1892-93 and 1909-10.
In August 1897 he convened a meeting to form the Woolloongabba Cricket Club when the Queensland first grade cricket competition was formed, and he became the Club's first secretary and captain. His son, Peter, played for Eastern Suburbs in the 1940s.
# Clogh, County Wexford

Clogh (Irish: An Chloch) is a small rural village in Ireland. Many local residents refer to the village as "Clough", and this is regarded as the proper spelling.
It is situated on the R772 regional road in County Wexford 5 km (3.1 mi) southwest of Gorey. Until it was bypassed in July 2007 the village was situated on the N11 national primary route from Wexford Town to Dublin.
There is a memorial to the Battle of Tubberneering in the village. St. Luke's church (Church of Ireland), just north of the village, was built in 1831.
# Slepi potnik

Slepi potnik is a novel by Slovenian author Dušan Merc [sl]. It was first published in 1999. In Slovenian, “slepi potnik” means ‘stowaway’, although it literally to ‘blind passenger’.