OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Taiwan Center for Mandarin Learning

Taiwan Center for Mandarin Learning (Chinese: 臺灣華語文學習中心; pinyin: Táiwān huáyǔ wén xuéxí zhōngxīn) is a project initiated and funded by the government of the Republic of China (Taiwan) to establish learning centres in foreign countries to teach students Mandarin Chinese with "Taiwanese characteristics". The project was announced in June 2021 with plans to establish 20 centres in various places in the United States and Europe.

## Background

Confucius Institutes (CIs) are a program promoted by the government of the People's Republic of China (PRC) to spread Chinese language learning and culture overseas, including in the United States. They have been criticized as being political tools of the government of China to promote the official views of the PRC and suppress alternative views. The US government has labeled CIs as a foreign mission and cut government funding to universities that host them. In December 2020, the US government announced a partnership with Taiwan called the "U.S.-Taiwan Education Initiative" in order to help Taiwan promote Mandarin learning in the United States and around the world.
BBC News reported that the US government is giving preference to Mandarin learning facilitated by Taiwan rather than by the PRC as the former has "no strings attached".

## Centers

The program was launched in June 2021. As of 2024, a total of 84 centers have been established, with 66 in the United States and 18 in Europe (3 in the U.K., 2 each in France, Germany and Italy, and 1 each in Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Hungary, Ireland, the Netherlands, Poland, Spain, and Sweden).
# Col San Giovanni

Col San Giovanni is a frazione (and a parish) of the municipality of Viù, in Piedmont, northern Italy.

## Name

In former times the village was named Collis ad sancti Joannis or Collo di San Giovanni.

## History

Col San Giovanni was first mentioned in a document signed in 1011 by Landolfo, archbishop of Turin.
Since 1927 it was a separate comune (municipality).

## Relevant buildings

The local church was built from 1614 on the site of a previous one and it was renovated in 1922 to allow the transit of a new road. Its bell tower is the oldest of the Lanzo Valleys and was built at the end of the 11th century.
# Pitman Lake

Pitman Lake is a lake in the U.S. state of Washington. The lake has a surface area of 27 acres (11 ha) and reaches a depth of 15 feet (4.6 m).
Pitman Lake has the name of Jesse Pitman, a local landholder.
# Glucose-6-phosphate 1-epimerase

In enzymology, a glucose-6-phosphate 1-epimerase (EC 5.1.3.15) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
    alpha-D-glucose 6-phosphate $\rightleftharpoons$ beta-D-glucose 6-phosphate
Hence, this enzyme has one substrate, alpha-D-glucose 6-phosphate, and one product, beta-D-glucose 6-phosphate.
This enzyme belongs to the family of isomerases, specifically those racemases and epimerases acting on carbohydrates and derivatives. The systematic name of this enzyme class is D-glucose-6-phosphate 1-epimerase. This enzyme participates in glycolysis / gluconeogenesis.

## Structural studies

As of late 2013, 3 structures have been solved for this class of enzymes, with PDB accession codes 2CIQ, 2CIR, and 2CIS.
# Balisana

Balisana is a village in Patan district, state of Gujarat, India. It is located 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) away from Patan city. It is a biggest Village among "5 GAM LEUVA PATIDAR SAMAJ" where other villages in 5 gam are Sander Patan, Manund, Valam, and Bhandu. Biggest Temple in Balisna is BHAVANI MATA MANDIR . Community Of Leuva patel resides here since 200 years.
* This article about a location in Patan district, Gujarat, India is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# United States Post Office (Nampa, Idaho)

The United States Post Office - Nampa Main, also known as the Herbert A. Littleton Postal Station, in Nampa, Idaho, is a two-story Neoclassical building completed in 1931. James A. Wetmore was the supervising architect. The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1989.

## History

In 1922 the Nampa Post Office rented facilities at the First National Bank, and a permanent post office was constructed next to the bank in 1930 by Boise contractor J.O. Jordan & Sons. The building was completed June 21, 1931.
An arsonist caused fire damage to the building in 1973.
The building was named in 2009 for Nampa resident Herbert A. Littleton, a Medal of Honor recipient who died in the Korean War.
# The Dartells

The Dartells were an American early 1960s rock band from Oxnard, California, United States.
The group formed in 1962 while its members were teens, and won local attention under the umbrella of manager/record producer Tom Ayers. They released a single in 1962 entitled "Hot Pastrami", which was a takeoff of Nat Kendrick & the Swans' "Mashed Potatoes". Dot Records picked the song up for national distribution, and it peaked at No. 11 on the US Pop and No. 15 on the Hot R&B Singles chart in 1963. The single was successful, and a Hot Pastrami album was released, which hit No. 95 on the Billboard 200. Subsequent singles fared less well: "Dance Everybody Dance" peaked at No. 99 Pop, and the third single, "Clap Your Hands" (not to be confused with the Beau-Marks record with the same title), failed to chart. The group split up shortly thereafter.
Lead singer Doug Phillips later played in New Concepts and Cottonwood, neither of which enjoyed sustained success. Some of the group's members later joined the short-lived late 1960s group, Rain.

## Members

* Doug Phillips - vocals, bass
* Dick Burns - guitar
* Gary Peeler - drums
* Randy Ray - organ
* Rich Piel - saxophone
* Corky Wilkie - saxophone
* Galen Mills - guitar
# Péchés de vieillesse

Péchés de vieillesse ("Sins of Old Age") is a collection of 150 vocal, chamber and solo piano pieces by composer Gioachino Rossini, who was best known for his operas. The pieces are grouped into fourteen unpublished albums under this self-deprecating and ironic title. The ordering of the pieces in the albums does not reflect the sequence or the dates of their composition, which range from 1857 to shortly before Rossini's death in 1868. The title Péchés de vieillesse was given by Rossini only to volumes V to IX but has been applied to all. The collection is salon music, though of a refined order, meant to be performed in the privacy of Rossini's drawing room at Passy. Volumes I, II, III and XI are vocal music to piano accompaniment. Volumes IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, X and XII are music for solo piano. Volume IX is for chamber ensemble or solo piano. Volumes XIII and XIV comprise vocal and non-vocal music.
* Vol I Album italiano
* Vol II Album français
* Vol III Morceaux réservés
* Vol IV Quatre hors d’œuvres et quatre mendiants
* Vol V Album pour les enfants adolescents
* Vol VI Album pour les enfants dégourdis
* Vol VII Album de chaumière
* Vol VIII Album de château
* Vol IX Album pour piano, violon, violoncello, harmonium et cor
* Vol X Miscellanée pour piano
* Vol XI Miscellanée de musique vocale
* Vol XII Quelques riens pour album
* Vol XIII Musique anodine (1857). Presented to his wife Olympe in gratitude for her care during his long intermittent illness.
* Vol XIV Altri Péchés de vieillesse
After the composer's death in 1868, his widow, Olympe Pélissier, sold the entire collection, which was then auctioned in London, in 1878. The Société anonyme de publications périodique, Paris, was among the buyers, who sold publishing rights to the firm of Heugel. The edition was prepared by Auguste Vaucorbeil (1821–1884), director of the Paris Opéra, who reordered the pieces and gave them new picturesque titles, as Rossini's often nonsensical titles, which looked forward to Erik Satie's, were deemed unsuitable.
Critical editions of all the albums are in process of publication by the Fondazione Rossini [it], Pesaro, which conserves the original autograph manuscripts; they are distributed by Ricordi of Milan. The new editions restore Rossini's expressively precise musical notation and offer heretofore unpublished alternative versions of some Péchés.

## Arrangements

In 1918, Ottorino Respighi orchestrated a number of the piano pieces for the ballet La Boutique fantasque. In 1925, he arranged some more piano pieces, from Vol. XII (Quelques riens), as the orchestral suite Rossiniana. Benjamin Britten also used some of Rossini's themes in his orchestrally arranged suites "Soirées musicales", Op. 9, (1936) and "Matinées musicales", Op. 24 (1941).

## Recordings

From 2008 to 2018 Naxos Records released 11 albums with Péchés de vieillesse played by pianist Alessandro Marangoni.
# Barbara Hines (baseball)

Barbara Hines was an All-American Girls Professional Baseball League player.
According to All American League data, Barbara Hines played for the Peoria Redwings club in the 1951 season. Additional information is incomplete because there are no records available at the time of the request.
The All-American Girls Professional Baseball League folded in 1954, but there is a permanent display at the Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum at Cooperstown, New York since 1988 that honors the entire league rather than any individual figure.

## Sources

* 1 2 "Barbara Hines – Profile". All-American Girls Professional Baseball League. Retrieved 2019-05-26.
* ↑ All-American Girls Professional Baseball League Record Book. – W. C. Madden. Publisher: McFarland & Company. Format: Paperback, 294pp. Language: English. ISBN 0-7864-3747-2
* ↑ Before A League of Their Own. National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum
# Constitution Column (Gaibach)

The Constitution Column (Konstitutionssäule) is a 32 metre high landmark in the village of Gaibach, now a district of the town of Volkach in Lower Franconia in Germany. It is in the Schlosspark surrounding the Schloss Gaibach on the Hügel des Sonnenbergs just off Staatsstraße 2271.

## History

The column commemorates the Bavarian Constitution of 1818, in which Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria voluntarily limited his powers and shared them with elected representatives. It was built by count Franz Erwein von Schönborn-Wiesentheid, who had to give up all rights as prince due to German mediatisation in 1803 but still advocated the idea of a "magna charta Bavariae".
He commissioned his friend Leo von Klenze as the column's architect, though his designs had to reworked several times. It has a triple pedestal and an observation deck at the top - its overall form is neoclassical and reminiscent of Trajan's Column in Rome. The foundation stone was laid on 26 May 1821, in the presence of Crown Prince Ludwig and several dignitaries from Würzburg. After a service in the Church of the Holy Trinity in Gaibach, the party set off up the mountain. The ceremony is shown in an 1823 oil painting by Peter von Hess. Its dedication inscription reads "This monument [is dedicated to] the Constitution of Bavaria, her creator Max Joseph, her preserver Ludwig"
It was inaugurated on 22 August 1828, with Ludwig (now king) one of the guests of honour. Several commemorative coins were struck to mark the event and the anniversary of the inauguration was marked annually until 1831, when Ludwig stopped his reform program from fear of the July Revolution in France. In 1832 supporters of German unification tried to have a meeting at the column on the anniversary of its inauguration in sympathy with the Hambach Festival and tried to put black-red-gold flags on it, but their ringleaders were arrested. The commemorations of the anniversary only resumed on the 150th anniversary of the constitution in 1968.
# Taiwan Beer (disambiguation)

Taiwan Beer may refer to:
* Beer in Taiwan
* Taiwan Beer, a brand of beer produced by the Taiwan Tobacco and Liquor Corporation (TTL)
* Taiwan Beer (basketball), a Super Basketball League basketball team sponsored by TTL
* Taiwan Beer baseball team, established and operated by TTL in cooperation with the National Taiwan Sport University
* TaiwanBeer HeroBears a basketball team competing in the T1 League and also sponsored by TTL
# Gold Bond

Gold Bond is a brand of over-the-counter skin care products produced by Chattem of Chattanooga, Tennessee, now a subsidiary of the French pharmaceutical company Sanofi. It is available as both a powder and a topical cream. Gold Bond is used to curb moisture, control odor, and soothe minor skin irritations, notably jock itch. Spin-off products are designed for specific uses, such as foot powders or powders for infants to treat diaper rash.

## Ingredients

The active ingredient of Original Strength Gold Bond Powder is Menthol. Inactive ingredients include talc and zinc oxide.

## History

The history of Gold Bond dates to 1882, when it was first developed by physicians of the Rhode Island State Medical Association. The formula was purchased by Arthur W. Guilford in 1908, who established the Gold Bond name and began making the product in Fairhaven, Massachusetts. The formula and rights were sold in 1912 to John M. Chapman of New Bedford, Massachusetts, who achieved greater brand recognition and distribution. Timothy F. Shea, who in 1930 joined what was then "The Gold Bond Sterilizing Powder Company", eventually rose to general manager and treasurer, and later took over as sole owner. His son, Robert J. Shea, took over as president of the company in 1965.
The Gold Bond company sold rights to three of its brands, including Gold Bond Powder, to Block Drug Corporation in August 1987. The brand was then sold to Martin Himmel Inc. in March 1990. To this point, the brand had remained a regional product of New England; soon after its purchase, Himmel began a national marketing campaign which saw sales increase by over 70% annually. By 1995, Gold Bond was a US$27 million business, and was sold to Chattem in April 1996 for $40 million.
# Pinhalão

Pinhalão is a municipality in the state of Paraná in the Southern Region of Brazil.
# Perlorita

Perlorita is a genus of moths belonging to the family Tortricidae.

## Species

* Perlorita pilumgestatum Razowski & Pelz, 2001
# Soğanlı, Ardanuç

Soğanlı is a village in the Ardanuç District, Artvin Province, Turkey. Its population is 98 (2021).
# Peter Steiner (cartoonist)

Peter Steiner (born 1940) is an American cartoonist, painter and novelist, best known for a 1993 cartoon published by The New Yorker which prompted the adage "On the Internet, nobody knows you're a dog." He is also a novelist who has published four crime novels.

## Early life and career

Peter Steiner was born in Cincinnati, Ohio in 1940 and raised there. His parents had emigrated from Austria in the 1930s.
He attended the University of Miami and spent his junior year at the Free University of Berlin. He earned his B.A. from the University of Miami. After serving in the United States Army in Germany, he earned his M.A. and Ph.D. in German literature from the University of Pittsburgh in 1967 and 1969 respectively.
He was a professor of German literature at Dickinson College in Carlisle, Pennsylvania for eight years before turning to being a cartoonist, artist, and a writer of novels.

## Cartoons

Steiner has contributed cartoons and other material to The New Yorker since 1979.
His cartoon captioned "On the Internet, nobody knows you're a dog" is the most reproduced cartoon from The New Yorker. Steiner is also well known for his daily cartoons on contemporary events for the Washington Times, which he created for over 20 years, starting in 1983. One selection of these cartoons, titled Peter Steiner Cartoons I didn't Bite the Man I Bit the Office, was published in 1994. For several years in the late 1990s and early 2000s he also made cartoons for The Weekly Standard.

## Novels

Steiner has published four novels, all featuring a former CIA agent named Louis Morgon who has retired to the Loire Valley in France. Of his 2010 novel The Terrorist, The New York Times reviewer Marilyn Stasio wrote that "While it can't be said that any of [the plot] is the least bit plausible, Steiner presents us with a reassuring fantasy world in which rash youths bow to the wisdom of their elders, terrorists abort their missions out of compassion for their human targets and the innocent victims of egregious acts of cruelty find it in their hearts to forgive."

### Novels published

* A French Country Murder, retitled Le Crime when it came out in paperback.
* L'Assassin
* The Terrorist (2010)
* The Resistance
* The Capitalist (2016)
* The Good Cop (2019), a Willi Geismeier thriller, 1
* The Constant Man (6/1/2021), a Willi Geismeier thriller, 2
# Constitution Day (Kazakhstan)

Constitution Day of Kazakhstan (Kazakh: Қазақстан Республикасының Конституция күні) is the main national holiday in the Republic of Kazakhstan. Constitution Day is celebrated annually August 30. It commemorates the adoption of the Kazakhstani Constitution in 1995. Constitution Day is one of the most important holidays in Kazakhstan.

## Celebrations

There are traditionally mass festivities, concerts, parades and fireworks on this day. The Supreme Court of Kazakhstan also conducts seminars in high schools around the country. In 2011, Kazakhstani pop stars such as Nagima Yeskaliyeva, Zhanna Orynbassarova, as well as songs from The Beatles, and Almaty Symphony Orchestra.

### Holiday parade

The celebrations in 2009 in honor of the 14th anniversary of the Constitution of Kazakhstan were marked the first time that there was a military procession of the armed forces in Astana, the presiding officers of which were Adilbek Zhaksybekov and Major General Nurlan Dzhulamanov in their positions as Minister of Defense and Vice Minister of Defense respectively. Musical accompaniment for the parade were provided musicians of the Central Military Band of the Ministry of Defense of Kazakhstan, led by Colonel Alexander Belyakov. The ceremonial crews of the Ground Forces, the Air Defense Forces and the Naval Forces, as well as units of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the National Security Committee, the Ministry of Emergency Situations and the Republican Guard passed through Kazakh Eli Square. In 2010, a parade was held again for the 15th anniversary of the Constitution of Kazakhstan, during which females took part in the parade for the first time. At the time, Kazakhstan was the only country to hold military parade on its Constitution Day. This tradition was honored for three years, until 2012, when it was abandoned.
# Taiwan Centers for Disease Control

The Taiwan Centers for Disease Control (CDC; traditional Chinese: 衛生福利部疾病管制署; simplified Chinese: 卫生福利部疾病管制署; pinyin: Wèishēng Fúlì Bù Jíbìng Guǎnzhì Shǔ; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Ōe-seng Hok-lī Pō͘ Chi̍t-pēⁿ Koán-chè Sú) is the agency of the Ministry of Health and Welfare of the Republic of China (Taiwan) that combats the threat of communicable diseases.

## Central Epidemic Command Center (CECC)

The Central Epidemic Command Center, division of the National Health Command Center [fr], is activated by the government of Taiwan for several disease outbreaks, as the 2009 swine flu pandemic and the COVID-19 pandemic.
The CECC has the authority to coordinate works across government departments and enlist additional personnel during an emergency.

## History

The agency was established on 1 July 1999.

### Timeline of early warning for COVID-19

TCDC officials saw premonitions of the COVID-19 pandemic in December on social media. As well, medical staff freely transit the Taiwan Strait, so the TCDC was dimly aware that something was awry in December. On 31 December, Wuhan city government stamped paper that required doctors in the city to report all cases of a novel pneumonia to them. On 1 January, the Huanan Seafood City market (HSCM) was shuttered by the health authorities.
By 5 January 2020, the Taiwan CDC began monitoring all individuals who had travelled to Wuhan within fourteen days and exhibited a fever or symptoms of upper respiratory tract infections. These people were screened for 26 known pathogens, including SARS and Middle East respiratory syndrome, and those testing positive were quarantined.
Chuang Yin-ching recounted that "TCDC made a request to the Chinese health authority on 6 January. I was notified on 11 January. I remember that day very clearly because that was the Taiwan presidential election day. Around 6 pm in the afternoon I got a phone call from the director general of the Taiwan CDC that (I and a colleague) had permission to go to Wuhan. We flew there the next night for a meeting on 13 and 14 January morning and afternoon in Wuhan."
On 15 January, Chuang and his colleague were summoned to the Director-General of the TCDC. The next morning he was present at the expert task force meeting. This was followed by a press conference on 16 January.
On 20 January 2020, the CECC was activated.

## Notable personnel

* Chuang Yin-ching, commander of the Communicable Disease Control Medical Network
* Ih-Jen Su, director-general (2003–2005)
* Twu Shiing-jer, director-general (2000–2002)

## Centers

* Taipei Regional Center
* Northern Regional Center
* Central Regional Center
* Eastern Regional Center
* Southern Regional Center
* Kaohsiung-Pingtung Regional Center

## Methadone program

The agency subsidizes a methadone maintenance treatment program in Taiwan. This includes providing methadone for addicts as well as providing psychiatrists, nurses, and case works, additionally the program "also provides educational programs for specific patients who were under conditions of deferred prosecution."
# Through a Frosty Plate Glass E.P.

Through a Frosty Plate Glass E.P. is an EP by the indie rock band Grandaddy. It was released in 2001 on V2 Records. All of the songs had previously appeared as B-sides to the band's European singles.

## Release

Through a Frosty Plate Glass E.P. was released in 2001.
It was later included in some two-disc editions of The Sophtware Slump.

## Reception

Through a Frosty Plate Glass E.P. reached number 21 in the "Top 75" of CMJ New Music Monthly's August 2001 edition. Upon the 2011 release of the deluxe edition of The Sophtware Slump, BBC Music reviewer Mike Diver notes that "fans will be pleased to get their ears around material" from Through a Frosty Plate Glass E.P..

## Track listing

All tracks are written by Jason Lytle

### Personnel

* Jason Lytle – performer, production
* Gary Young – recording (track 7)
# Sylvan

Sylvan or Sylvans (from the Latin silva: "forest, woods") can have one of the following meanings:

## A countryside scene

The term "A Sylvan Scene" is used to describe a beautiful and idealised scene in the countryside.
Historical reference: John Milton used these words in Paradise Lost (1667) to describe “A Steep Wilderness”: “Cedar, and pine, and fir, and branching palm, A sylvan scene, and as the ranks ascend Shade above shade, a woody theater Of stateliest view.”
Current reference: Collins dictionary: Sylvan describes an association with woods and trees.

## Places
### United States

* Sylvan, Illinois, a former settlement
* Sylvan, Wisconsin, a town
** Sylvan (community), Wisconsin, an unincorporated area in the town
* Sylvan Township (disambiguation)
* Sylvan Lake (disambiguation)
* Sylvan Pass (Wyoming), a mountain pass in Yellowstone National Park
* Sylvan-Highlands, Portland, Oregon, a neighborhood of Portland, Oregon
** West Haven-Sylvan, Oregon, a neighboring unincorporated area
* Sylvan Beach, New York
* Penn's Sylvania (Penn's Woods), the Province of Pennsylvania which was the kernel of the later state

### Canada

* Sylvan Lake (Alberta)
* Sylvan, a community in the municipality of North Middlesex, Ontario

## Arts and entertainment

* Sylvan (band), a German progressive rock band
* Sylvan Esso, an American indie pop band
* Sylvan (TV series), a Spanish animated series created by Antoni D'ocon
* Sylvan Campaign, a faction in the video game Heroes of Might and Magic V

## Names

* Sylvan (name), a list of people with either the given name or surname
* Sylvan Debating Club, a free speech society in London
* Sylvan, a Latin adjective meaning of or from the woodland
* Sylvan Learning, a remedial and enrichment tutoring company
* Sylvans S.C., a football club based on the Channel Island of Guernsey
* another name for 2-methyl furan, a flammable liquid