OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Niebla brachyura

Niebla brachyura is a rare fruticose lichen that grows along the Pacific Coast of North America in the fog regions of the northern peninsula of Baja California in the Northern Vizcaíno Desert. The epithet, brachyura, is in regard to the species resembling a crab lying on its back with its leg appendages pointing up.

## Distinguishing features

Niebla brachyura is recognized by a hemispherical thallus similar to the reindeer lichen Cladonia rangiferina, loosely attached to soil without a holdfast, intricately divided into thick rigid tubular prismatic branches irregularly forked near apex, the tips usually with black dot-like pycnidia, and by containing the lichen substance hypoprotocetraric acid. It grows with other species, notably Niebla arenaria, on mud flats near the ocean. Similar species are Niebla effusa, distinguished by containing the lichen substance salazinic acid, and Niebla pulchribarbara, distinguished by containing protocetraric acid.

## Taxonomic history

Niebla brachyura was first collected just north of Punta Santa Rosalillita in May 1986 as part of a 100 gram sample that largely contained Niebla caespitosa intended for anti-HIV screening by the National Cancer Institute, but the sample was not submitted because of the novel chemotype that was discovered for the genus. Only one thallus was found in the sample. It was later discovered at two other locations, Punta Canoas and Punta Cono.
# Tim Rushton

Timothy John Rushton MBE (born 18 March 1963 in England) is a British choreographer and from 2001 to 2018 artistic leader of the Copenhagen-based Danish Dance Theatre, Denmark's largest modern dance company.
Tim Rushton was trained at The Royal Ballet School in Covent Garden, London, from 1979 to 1982, studying with Erik Bruhn, Frederick Ashton and Kenneth MacMillan. Later he danced with the Sadler's Wells Royal Ballet, now known as the Birmingham Royal Ballet. He was engaged at Deutsche Oper am Rhein between 1982 and 1986, Malmö City Theatre 1986-1987 and the Royal Danish Ballet 1987–1992. While a dancer at the Royal Danish Ballet he became interested in pursuing a choreographic career and decided to quit dancing.
Tim Rushton quickly made his marks as a choreographer, combining classical ballet technique with modern dance, and in 2001 he was appointed Artistic Director of the Danish Dance Theatre. As one of Northern Europe's leading choreographers, his choreographies have received thirteen nominations for – and four times won: 1999, 2005, 2006 and 2009 – that country's Reumert Prize.
As artistic leader of Danish Dance Theatre Rushton collaborated with writers, designers, visual artists and composers. He worked with a wide range of music spanning diverse genres, from classical masterpieces through to beat, jazz and newly commissioned compositions.
Further to Danish Dance Theatre's performances in Denmark, the company was touring extensively worldwide in Europe, Asia as well as in the United States.
Tim Rushton was appointed Member of the Order of the British Empire (MBE) in the 2011 New Year Honours for services to dance. He is listed in Kraks Blå Bog, the Danish Who's Who.
# North Carolina Tar Heels women's tennis

The North Carolina Tar Heels women's tennis team, commonly referred to as Carolina, represents the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in NCAA Division I college tennis. North Carolina currently competes as a member of the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC) and plays its home matches at Cone-Kenfield Tennis Center.

## History

The team's history in the NCAA Championships includes one championship in 2023, one runner-up finish in 2014, and seven other appearances in at least the quarterfinals (2013, 2015, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2021, 2022). The Tar Heels have won the ITA National Team Indoor Championship seven times (2013, 2015, 2018, 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023). Additionally, the program boasts Twelve ACC tournament championships.
The team is currently led by Brian Kalbas, UNC's all-time wins leader. Kalbas compiled an .836 career winning percentage (513 out of 614 matches) over his first 20 seasons at North Carolina, the highest in ACC history. Previous coaches include Frances Hogan, Kitty Harrison, and Roland Thornqvist.

## Notable former players

* Jamie Loeb
* Hayley Carter

## Honors
### Individual NCAA Champions

* Jamie Loeb (2015)

### Doubles NCAA Champions

* Jenna Long/Sara Anundsen (2007)
* Makenna Jones/Elizabeth Scotty (2021)
* Fiona Crawley/Carson Tanguilig (2023)

### All-Americans

* Cinda Gurney (1992, 1993)
* Alisha Portnoy (1993)
* Marlene Mejia (2001)
* Kate Pinchbeck (2002, 2003)
* Kendall Cline (2003, 2005)
* Aniela Mojzis (2003, 2004, 2005)
* Sara Anundsen (2006, 2007)
* Jenna Long (2006, 2007)
* Sanaz Marand (2008, 2009)
* Sophie Grabinski (2009)
* Zoe De Bruycker (2011)
* Shinann Featherston (2011, 2012)
* Lauren McHale (2011, 2012)
* Caroline Price (2013, 2014)
* Gina Suarez-Malaguti (2013)
* Hayley Carter (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017)
* Jamie Loeb (2014, 2015)
* Whitney Kay (2014, 2016)
* Sara Daavettila (2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021)
* Jessie Aney (2017, 2018)
* Makenna Jones (2018, 2019, 2021)
* Alexa Graham (2018, 2019, 2020, 2021)
* Alle Sanford (2018)
* Cameron Morra (2019, 2020, 2021, 2022)
* Elizabeth Scotty (2021, 2022)
* Fiona Crawley (2022, 2023)
* Carson Tanguilig (2022)
* Reese Brantmeier (2023)

### ITA National Coach of the Year

* 2010, 2023: Brian Kalbas
Information about honors and former players cited from the 2019 team yearbook
# Tirupati (NMA)

Tirupati (NMA) is a neighbourhood located in Tirupati city in Tirupati district in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh.

## Demographics

As of 2011 census, the town had a population of 37,968. The total population constitute, 16,934 males and 21,034 females —a sex ratio of 1242 females per 1000 males and 2,944 children are in the age group of 0–6 years. The average literacy rate stands at 90.17% with 31,582 literates, significantly higher than the state average of 67.41%.

## Education

The primary and secondary school education is imparted by government, aided and private schools, under the School Education Department of the state. The medium of instruction followed by different schools are English and Telugu.
# Tirupathur taluk

Tirupathur taluk is a taluk in the Sivaganga district of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. The headquarters of the taluk is the town of Tirupathur.

## Demographics

According to the 2011 census, the taluk of Tirupathur had a population of 275,884, with 138,195 males and 137,689 females. There were 996 women for every 1000 men. The taluk had a literacy rate of 69.64. Child population in the age group below six was 13,657 males and 12,983 females.
# Alexandros Tzannis

Alexandros Tzannis (born 1979 in Athens) is a Greek painter. His work has been shown at the Künstlerhaus Bethanien in Berlin, Germany, the New Benaki Museum, Athens and the Macedonian Museum of Contemporary Art, Thessaloniki, Greece.

## Career

Tzannis graduated from the Athens School of Fine Arts. He is based in London and Athens.
He is represented by The Breeder gallery in Athens.

## Exhibitions
### Selected solo shows
#### 2010

* “Scattered Memories From the Next Millennium”, The Breeder Playroom, Athens

#### 2007

* “Doomed by Fantasy”, The Breeder, Athens

### Selected group exhibitions
#### 2010

* Arrivals and Departures, Europe, Mole Vanvitelliana, Ancona curated by Andrea Bruciati and Walter Gasperoni

#### 2009

* Heaven, 2nd Athens Biennial, Athens, curated by Nadia Argyropoulou
* Tape Modern 10, Tape Modern, Berlin
* Paint-ID, Macedonian Museum of Contemporary Art, Thessaloniki, curated by Sotiris Bahtetzis
* The first image, Centre Regional d'Art Contemporain Languedic Roussilion, Sète, France, curated by Denys Zacharopoulos,
* The Forgotten Bar Project, Open Space, Art Cologne, Cologne

#### 2008

* "Ausländer in Berlin", Citric Gallery, Brescia, Italy curated by Margherita Belaief
* Forgotten Bar Project, Berlin

#### 2007

* Stranger than Paradise, Galerie Charlotte Moser, Geneva, curated by Max Henry
* Topoi, works from the Collection of the State Museum of Contemporary Art, New Benaki Museum, Athens, curated by Dennis Zacharopoulos
* True Romance, The Breeder, Athens
* I sigxroni Elliniki Skini, Helexpo Garage, Athens, curated by Nadjia Argyropoulou
* Who's Here ? Macedonian Museum of Contemporary Art, and State Museum of Contemporary Art, curated by Dennis Zacharopoulos
* Gegen den Strich, Künstlerhaus Bethanien, Berlin, curated by Christoph Tannert and Valeria Schulte-Fischedick
* Degree Show, Athens School of Fine Arts

#### 2006

* Art Basel Miami Beach (under the auspices of The Breeder )
* Art Forum Berlin, (under the auspices of The Breeder )
* What Remains is Future, Patras, Cultural Capital of Europe, curated by Nadja Argyropoulou
# Alfred García discography

The discography of Alfred García, a Spanish singer. He released his debut studio album, Beginning in 2012. García self-produced and self-published the album. He released his second studio album, Inblack (Volume One) in December 2016. He once again self-produced and self-published the album. In 2017, he took part in series nine of the reality television talent competition Operación Triunfo, where he finished in fourth place. He also represented Spain at the Eurovision Song Contest 2018, along with Amaia, with the song "Tu canción". They finished in twenty-third place. His third studio album, 1016 was released in December 2018. The album peaked at number two on the Spanish Albums Chart. The album includes the singles "De la Tierra hasta Marte", "Wonder" and "Londres". He re-released the album titled, 1016. El Círculo Rojo in November 2019 and includes the single "Amar volar al invierno".

## Albums
### Studio albums

| Title | Details | Peak chart positions | Certifications |
| Title | Details | SPA | Certifications |
| Beginning | Released: 2012 Formats: Digital download Self-published | — | |
| Inblack (Volume One) | Released: 24 December 2016 Formats: Digital download Self-published | — | |
| 1016 | Released: 14 December 2018 Formats: Digital download, CD Label: Universal Music Spain | 2 | PROMUSICAE: Platinum |
| 1997 | Release: 29 October 2021 Formats: Digital download, CD Label: Universal Music Spain | 5 | |

### Studio album reissues

| Title | Details |
| 1016. El Círculo Rojo | Released: 1 November 2019 Formats: Digital download, CD Label: Universal Music Spain |

### Live albums

| Title | Details |
| 1016 En Directo: Fin de Gira | Released: 17 July 2020 Formats: Digital download, CD Label: Universal Music Spain |

## Singles
### As lead artist

| Title | Year | Peak position | Certifications | Album |
| Title | Year | SPA | Certifications | Album |
| "Tu canción" (with Amaia Romero) | 2018 | 3 | PROMUSICAE: Platinum | Non-album single |
| "De la Tierra hasta Marte" | 2018 | 12 | PROMUSICAE: Gold | 1016 |
| "Wonder" (featuring Pavvla) | 2019 | 95 | | 1016 |
| "Londres" | 2019 | 58 | | 1016 |
| "Amar volar al invierno" | 2019 | — | | 1016. El Círculo Rojo |
| "Los Espabilados" | 2021 | — | | 1997 |
| "Praia dos Moinhos" | 2021 | — | | 1997 |
| "Toro de Cristal" | 2021 | — | | 1997 |
| "2001" | 2022 | — | | Non-album single |
| "Electricitat" (with Miki Núñez) | 2022 | — | | Non-album single |
| "Desde que tú estás" | 2022 | — | | Non-album single |

### As featured artist

| Title | Year | Album |
| "Cicatriz" (Isma Romero featuring Alfred García) | 2019 | Non-album single |

### Selected releases from Operación Triunfo 2017

| Title | Year | Peak position | Certifications |
| Title | Year | SPA | Certifications |
| "City of Stars" (Amaia Romero & Alfred García) | 2017 | 61 | |
| "Que nos sigan las luces" | 2018 | 19 | PROMUSICAE: Gold |

## Other charted songs

| Title | Year | Peak position | Album |
| Title | Year | SPA | Album |
| "Et vull veure" (featuring Amaia Romero) | 2018 | 64 | 1016 |
# Halyna Puchkivska

Halyna Oleksandrivna Puchkivska (June 22, 1934, Kyiv - September 29, 2010, Kyiv) was a Soviet and Ukrainian physicist, a professor of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (since 1989), a Honored Worker of Science and Technology of Ukraine (2004), a pupil of the famous physicist Antonina Prikhot'ko, a daughter of O.M. Puchkivsky (from the second marriage), and a younger sister of Nadiya Puchkivska.

## Biography

In 1952, she graduated from the Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, then worked as an engineer at the NASU Institute of Physics. In 1964, she defended her dissertation. From 1993 to 2010, after the death of M. T. Shpak, she headed the Department of Photoactivity of the Institute of Physics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine.
H. O. Puchkivska developed a method for determining the parameters of hydrogen bonds in crystals. She participated in the creation and was the main organizer of the International School-Seminar, "Spectroscopy of Molecules and Crystals" (which is now named after her).
The main works of H. O. Puchkivska are devoted to the problems of spectroscopy of molecules and crystals (about 300 works).
She died on September 29, 2010, and was buried in Lukianivske Cemetery next to her father.

## Awards and titles

* Jubilee Medal "In Commemoration of the 100th Anniversary of the Birth of Vladimir Ilyich Lenin": "For Valiant Labour" (1970).
* State Prize of Ukraine in Science and Technology (1984).
* Corresponding Member of the European Academy of Sciences, Arts and Literature (Paris).
* Prize of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine named after Antonina Prikhot'ko (2006).

## Selected scientific works

* IR spectroscopy of molecular crystals with hydrogen bonds, Kyiv, 1989 (co-author)
* Optical manifestations of conformational mobility of H-alkanoates of cholesterol (in Russian) (co-author)
# Norwegian A-class submarine

The A-class submarines were a class of three vessels of German design built by the Krupp Germania naval shipyard in Kiel, Germany from 1913 to 1914 and deployed by the Royal Norwegian Navy.
The Norwegian government purchased four submarines that were almost completed in 1913 and received three of these before World War I. The fourth, A-5, was seized by German authorities at the outbreak of war and commissioned as SM UA. It was used for coastal protection and from 1916 as a training vessel in the Baltic Sea.

## Fates

All three A-class submarines were lost in the first week following the German invasion of Norway, one in combat and the other two through scuttling.
* A-2 (2 March 1914 – 9 April 1940) attacked and severely damaged by the two German R boat minesweepers R-22 and R-23 off the Vallø peninsula near Tønsberg in the Oslofjord on 9 April 1940. Her crew was captured and she drifted ashore at Vallø, a total wreck.
* A-3 (1914 – 16 April 1940) scuttled by own crew in Verkbukta at Tønsberg on 16 April 1940
* A-4 (1914 – 16 April 1940) scuttled by own crew in Verkbukta at Tønsberg on 16 April 1940

## Footnotes

* ↑ E.Gröner, Deutsche Kriegsschiffe, vol. III, p. 48

## Literature

* Abelsen, Frank (1986). Norwegian naval ships 1939–1945 (in Norwegian and English). Oslo: Sem & Stenersen AS. ISBN 82-7046-050-8.
* This Norwegian history-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
* This article about a specific military ship or boat of Norway is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Norwegian Academy of Music

59°55′56.15″N 10°42′50.01″E﻿ / ﻿59.9322639°N 10.7138917°E﻿ / 59.9322639; 10.7138917
The Norwegian Academy of Music (Norwegian: Norges musikkhøgskole, NMH) is a university-level music conservatory located in Oslo, Norway, in the neighbourhood of Majorstuen, Frogner. It is the largest music academy in Norway and offers the country's highest level of music education. As a specialized university (vitenskapelig høgskole), it offers both undergraduate and postgraduate courses. Throughout the years the Academy has educated many of Norway's most renowned musicians.
The Norwegian Academy of Music educates performers, composers and pedagogues, and attempts to lay the foundation for research within various fields of music. It educates musicians within folk music genres, church music, classical music and, quite notably in later years, a string of successful performers within the jazz realm.
The Academy is also Oslo's biggest concert organizer, presenting approximately 300 concerts a year.
As is the case with all schools in the Norwegian educational system, the school is free of charge. Students can only be accepted by auditioning and/or other verifiable qualifications.

## History

The Norwegian Academy of Music was established in 1973. The current Academy is a result of a merger with the former Østlandets musikkonservatorium in 1996, which was a successor to the music school at Veitvet founded by Olav Selvaag.
The request for a governmental institution for music education goes back to the 19th century. In 1883 Ludvig Mathias Lindeman (father) and Peter Brynie Lindeman (son) started the so-called "School for Organists" in Kristiania (former name for Oslo). It developed to become the first and biggest conservatory of music in Norway, and made an important foundation for the Norwegian Academy of Music. The Lindeman conservatory was discontinued in 1973. To honour the memory of the Lindeman family, the biggest concert hall at the Academy is named the Lindeman Hall, which has a capacity of more than 400 people.

## Notable faculty members

* Bjørn Kruse
* Lasse Thoresen
* Aage Kvalbein
* Arve Tellefsen
* Håkon Thelin
* Olav Anton Thommessen
* Truls Mørk
* Leif Ove Andsnes
* Vilde Frang

## Notable alumni

* Edvard Fliflet Bræin, composer and conductor
* Lalla Carlsen, singer and actress
* Henrik Hellstenius, composer and musicologist
* Trond Halstein Moe, opera singer
* Sophie Kauer, cellist and actress
* Turid Karlsen, soprano
* Arne Nordheim, composer
* Marcus Paus
* Rune Rebne, composer
* Leif Solberg, classical composer and organist
# Norwegian-U.S. Scientific Traverse of East Antarctica

The Norwegian-U.S. Scientific Traverse of East Antarctica is a research program consisting of two overland traverses of East Antarctica: the first from the Norwegian Troll Station to the South Pole in the 2007/2008 season; and a return traverse via a different route in 2008/2009. The main research focus of the program is climate change, the stated goals being to:
* Investigate climate variability in Dronning Maud Land of East Antarctica on time scales of years to a thousand years.
* Establish spatial and temporal variability in snow accumulation over this area of Antarctica to understand its impact on sea level.
* Investigate the impact of atmospheric and oceanic variability on the chemical composition of firn and ice in the region.
* Revisit areas and sites first explored by traverses in the 1960s, for detection of possible changes and to establish benchmark data sets for future research efforts.
The program is part of Trans-Antarctic Scientific Traverse Expeditions – Ice Divide of East Antarctica (TASTE-IDEA), and the International Partners in Ice Coring Sciences (IPICS), both of which have ISCU-WMO endorsement for the International Polar Year 2007-2009.
# North County, Jefferson Territory

North County was a county of the extralegal United States Territory of Jefferson that existed from November 28, 1859, until February 28, 1861.

## History

In July 1858, gold was discovered along the South Platte River in Arapahoe County, Kansas Territory. This discovery precipitated the Pike's Peak Gold Rush. Many residents of the mining region felt disconnected from the remote territorial governments of Kansas and Nebraska, so they voted to form their own Territory of Jefferson on October 24, 1859. On November 28, the General Assembly of the Territory of Jefferson organized 12 counties: Arrappahoe County, Cheyenne County, El Paso County, Fountain County, Heele County, Jackson County, Jefferson County, Mountain County, North County, Park County, Saratoga County, and St. Vrain's County. The legislation that created North County declared:
   That the territory comprised within the limits of what is known as the North Park, be erected into a county to be called North county.
North County was named for North Park and encompassed what is today Jackson County, Colorado.
The Jefferson Territory never received federal sanction, but on February 28, 1861, U.S. President James Buchanan signed an act organizing the Territory of Colorado. On November 1, 1861, the Colorado General Assembly organized 17 counties for the new Colorado Territory.
# Hajriz Meleqi

Hajriz Meleqi (born 20 November 1946 in Blaçi, Kosovo) is a professor of geography, and former president of the UN-appointed administrative board of the municipality of Dragaš. He was appointed on 26 January 2000, and continued in that role until 28 October when elections were held. He received an honorary doctorate from Harvard University in 2004.
He graduated from the University of Pristina in 1974 and did postgraduate work at Zagreb. His academic work centres on the history and ethnography of Dragaš.
# North Rockhampton

North Rockhampton is the common name for the suburbs of Rockhampton located on the north-east side of the Fitzroy River in Queensland, Australia.
It may also refer more specifically to the location of the North Rockhampton railway station or the former Town of North Rockhampton.

## History

The Darumbal (Tarumbul, Tharoombool) language region includes the city of Rockhampton extending south towards Raglan Creek and north towards the Styx River and inland along the Broad Sound Ranges, including locations of Rockhampton, North Rockhampton, Shoalwater Bay and Yaamba.
# Notonomus variicollis

Notonomus variicollis is a species of ground beetle in the subfamily Pterostichinae. It was described by Maximilien Chaudoir in 1865.
# Timber Lake (Jackson County, Minnesota)

Timber Lake is a lake in Jackson County, in the U.S. state of Minnesota.
Timber Lake was named for the trees beside the lake on an otherwise relatively barren landscape.