OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Pallas Pictures

Pallas Pictures was a film studio in the U.S. headed by Frank A. Garbutt. In 1913 the film production company Bosworth Incorporated was founded to release film adaptations of Jack London's stories. Hobart Bosworth was President of the company but as Jack London wrote, "Mr. Garbutt has absolute charge of the entire business of Bosworth, Inc." The company rented studio space until September 1914 when Bosworth Inc. constructed its own studio at 211 N. Occidental Blvd., Los Angeles. When Hobart Bosworth left in 1915 Garbutt assumed full control of Bosworth Inc. Several months later the company was renamed Pallas Pictures, with Melodile Garbutt (Frank A. Garbutt's daughter) listed as president of Pallas Pictures. The Pallas logo was a capital "P" with an owl on a branch.
Pallas and the Oliver Morosco Photoplay Company were associated and produced films at the same studio, with completed films distributed and advertised by Paramount Pictures. In 1916 Pallas and Morosco became part of Famous Players–Lasky, with Frank A. Garbutt representing both Pallas and Morosco during the FP-L merger negotiations. The Pallas brand was discontinued early in 1918.
Charles Eyton was manager of the Pallas-Morosco studio. Directors for Pallas included William Desmond Taylor, Frank Lloyd, Donald Crisp, and Julia Crawford Ivers; Ivers also wrote over a dozen scenarios used for Pallas productions. Leading Pallas actors included Lenore Ulrich, Dustin Farnum, Vivian Martin, and George Beban. Pete Smith was a publicist for Pallas-Morosco.

## Filmography

* The Gentleman from Indiana (1915)
* The Reform Candidate (1915)
* Davy Crockett (1916 film)
* The Intrigue (1916), extant
* A Son of Erin (1916)
* The American Beauty (1916)
* The Call of the Cumberlands (1916)
* David Garrick (1916 film)
* Ben Blair (film) (1916)
* He Fell in Love with His Wife (1916)
* The Parson of Panamint (1916)
* The Right Direction (1916)
* The Heart of Paula (1916)
* The Parson of Panamint (1916 film)
* The Wax Model (1917)
* Lost in Transit (1917 film)
* The Spirit of Romance (film) (1917)
* Molly Entangled (1917)
* As Men Love (1917)
* The Trouble Buster (1917)
* Her Own People (1917)
* The Fair Barbarian (1917)
* A Kiss for Susie (1917)
* The Bond Between (1917)
* A Roadside Impresario (1917)
* The Lonesome Chap (1917)
* Little Miss Optimist (1917)
* The Heir of the Ages (1917)
* A Petticoat Pilot (1918)
# Paphinia hirtzii

Paphinia hirtzii is a species of orchid endemic to Ecuador.

## Taxonomy

The classification of this orchid species was published by Calaway H. Dodson in Icones Plantarum Tropicarum ser. 2, 6: t. 566. 1989 - Sarasota, Florida. Collected by C.H.Dodson & A.C.Hirtz 8 km from Chaco on the road to Santa Rosa de Chaco, off the road Ibarra to Lita, 1400 m, Esmeraldas (Ecuador, Western South America, Southern America). The holotype is kept at Herbario Nacional del Ecuador (QCNE). The isotype is kept at Rio Palenque Science Center (RPSC), Ecuador.

## Plant morphology

Description: Epiphyte. Rhizome short. Pseudobulbs appressed, laterally compressed, narrowly ovate, costate, to 2 cm wide and 8 cm long, 2 to 30 foliate, with 2 to 3 distichous, foliaceous sheaths surrounding the base. Leaves thin, heavily veined on the underside, narrowly ovate, acuminate, to 8 cm wide and 32 cm long. The inflorescence is produced from the base of the pseudobulb, pendant, surrounded by 2 to 4 sheaths, 1 to 3-flowered.
# Paphinia neudeckeri

Paphinia neudeckeri is a species of orchid found from Colombia to Ecuador.

## Taxonomy

The classification of this orchid species was published by Rudolf Jenny in Die Orchidee.
# Panlong, Kunming

Panlong District (simplified Chinese: 盘龙区; traditional Chinese: 盤龍區; pinyin: Pánlóng Qū) is one of seven districts of the prefecture-level city of Kunming, the capital of Yunnan Province, Southwest China.

## Administrative divisions

Panlong District is divided to 12 subdistricts:
Tuodong (拓东街道), Gulou (​鼓楼街道), Donghua (​东华街道), Lianmeng (​联盟街道), Jinchen (金辰街道), Qingyun (​青云街道), Longquan (​龙泉街道), Ciba (​茨坝街道), Shuanglong (​双龙街道), Songhua (​松华街道), Dianyuan (​滇源街道), Aziying (阿子营街道).

## Demography

Panlong District stretches from Kunming's downtown area to the city's northern ring road. Recent boundary changes to accommodate the city's rapid growth have left the district with a population of around 700,000 people (as of 2006). Slightly more than half of them are permanent residents; 160,000 are rural migrants registered with the authorities as temporary residents, and a further 160,000 or so are ‘floating’ migrants with no formal registration in the locality. The migrants come from Yunnan's rural areas, as well as from Sichuan, Jiangsu, Hebei, Xinjiang and Guizhou.
# Pamela Fischer

Pamela Fischer may refer to:
* Pamela Fischer (lawyer), Canadian lawyer
* Pamela Fischer (synchronized swimmer) (born 1988), Swiss synchronised swimmer
# Arthur Edward Knox

Arthur Edward Knox (28 December 1808, Dublin – 23 December 1886) was a British sportsman, amateur naturalist, author of three books, and one of the founders of the British Ornithological Union.
A. E. Knox graduated M.A. from Brasenose College in the University of Oxford. He obtained a commission in the Second Regiment of Life Guards, from which he resigned about 1835 when he married Lady Jane Parsons, a daughter of Lawrence Parsons, 2nd Earl of Rosse. The marriage produced three daughters and two sons, one of whom was Lawrence E. Knox.
A. E. Knox was a country gentleman who lived in Sussex and Surrey and contributed notes to The Zoologist. His 1849 book Ornithological Rambles in Sussex received a favourable review from his friend and country-neighbour, Bishop Wilberforce, helping the sale of the book so that a second edition appeared in 1850 and a third edition in 1855. In November 1858 Knox became one of the founders of the British Ornithological Union. There were favourable reviews for his 1872 book Autumns on the Spey dealing with salmon-fishing and deer-stalking in the vicinity of the River Spey; the book is based upon letters written by Knox to friends in England when he was staying, during several autumns, at Gordon Castle as a guest of Charles Gordon-Lennox, 6th Duke of Richmond.

## Selected publications

* Ornithological Rambles in Sussex. 1849.
* Game birds and wild fowl, their friends and their foes. 1850.
* Autumns on the Spey. 1872.
# Sphingosine beta-galactosyltransferase

In enzymology, a sphingosine beta-galactosyltransferase (EC 2.4.1.23) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
    UDP-galactose + sphingosine $\rightleftharpoons$ UDP + psychosine
Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are UDP-galactose and sphingosine, whereas its two products are UDP and psychosine.
This enzyme belongs to the family of glycosyltransferases, specifically the hexosyltransferases. The systematic name of this enzyme class is UDP-galactose:sphingosine 1-beta-galactosyltransferase. Other names in common use include psychosine-UDP galactosyltransferase, galactosyl-sphingosine transferase, psychosine-uridine diphosphate galactosyltransferase, UDP-galactose:sphingosine O-galactosyl transferase, uridine diphosphogalactose-sphingosine beta-galactosyltransferase, and UDP-galactose:sphingosine 1-beta-galactotransferase. This enzyme participates in sphingolipid metabolism.
# Paper Thin (Illenium, Tom DeLonge and Angels & Airwaves song)

"Paper Thin" is a song by American DJ and producer Illenium with American musician Tom DeLonge and his band Angels & Airwaves. It was released on October 23, 2020, as Illenium's second song on 12 Tone Music and Warner Records. It is the second single off his fourth studio album Fallen Embers.

## Background

Illenium said: "I got to collaborate with one of my favourite artists ever, Tom DeLonge. I feel like it has the nostalgic pop-punk vibes but also really incorporates my sound. I think the blend sounds amazing and I'm so stoked with how this one turned out!"

## Music video

Illenium told about the video: “In a post-apocalyptic world that is being threatened by an unknown enemy, the “Paper Thin” video exists as a parallel storyline to the “Nightlight” video. Our protagonists find comfort in each other and find meaning in the beautiful things not yet destroyed as they attempt to survive in this new universe.”
The video premiered on December 10, 2020.

## Charts

| Chart (2020) | Peak position |
| US Hot Dance/Electronic Songs (Billboard) | 10 |
| US Hot Rock & Alternative Songs (Billboard) | 23 |
# Paper Technology

Paper Technology is the official journal of the Paper Industry Technical Association and is a technical publication for the paper industry and its allied trades. It was started in 1960. The headquarters of the journal is in London.
# Arthur Meyer (journalist)

Arthur Meyer (1844 – 1924) was a French press baron. He was director of Le Gaulois, a notable conservative French daily newspaper that was eventually taken over by Le Figaro (run by François Coty at the time) in 1929. Meyer was a royalist, an unusual personality, a key player at the crossroads of society life, the press and politics under the French Third Republic.

## Early life

Arthur Meyer was born on 16 June 1844 in Le Havre, France. He was the grandson of a rabbi from a modest Jewish family.

## Career
### Paris-Journal

In 1870 he became the director of the newspaper Paris-Journal. In June 1882, he arranged for the Paris-Journal and Le Gaulois to be merged.

### Le Gaulois

In 1882, Meyer, who had hired Octave Mirbeau as a secretary two years earlier, took over the newspaper Le Gaulois permanently. The paper had been founded in July 1868 by Edmond Tarbé des Sablons and Henri de Pène, and it was essentially the main daily social paper of the nobility and the elite of the bourgeoisie in France. It had been bought from Henri de Pène in 1879. Catering to the high-class socialites, Le Gaulois had a relatively small circulation, between 20 and 30 thousand copies, but it had a very real influence on French society. It was the first newspaper to have a column about films, which first appeared in March 1916. From June 1897 until August 1914, Le Gaulois du dimanche (the Sunday edition of Le Gaulois) was the weekly literary supplement of choice and it contained many serials over the years; it was in Le Gaulois du dimanche that Raymond Roussel's Locus Solus appeared.

### Other enterprises

In 1881, Meyer had the idea, along with Alfred Grévin, to represent the personalities that made the front page of the news section as wax mannequins, which allowed visitors – in an era before photography was used in the press – to put a face to the names in the news. This was the beginning of the Musée Grévin, which opened its doors on 5 June 1882 and swiftly became successful.

## Political life

In 1888, Meyer supported the general Georges Ernest Boulanger and plotted with the Duchess of Uzés to bring about the return of the monarchy. He engaged in a duel with Édouard Drumont, who had insulted his origins in La France Juive, and also supported the guilt of fellow Jew Alfred Dreyfus, who was wrongfully accused of treason in the aforementioned Dreyfus affair. Meyer converted to Catholicism in 1901 without ceasing to be the target of the anti-Semitic activist group Action Française.

## Personal life

Meyer married Mlle de Turenne, a young aristocrat, in 1904 – a marriage that came relatively late in his life. Meyer died on 2 February 1924 in Paris. He was 79.

## Works

* Ce que mes yeux ont vu ("What My Eyes Saw") - 1911
* Forty Years of Parisian Society, London, Eveleigh Nash - 1912
* Ce que je peux dire ("What I Can Say") - 1917
# When You Are Engulfed in Flames

When You Are Engulfed in Flames is a collection of essays by American humorist David Sedaris. It was published on June 3, 2008.
Sedaris's sixth book, When You Are Engulfed in Flames assembles essays on various situations such as trying to make coffee when the water is shut off, associations in the French countryside, buying drugs in a mobile home in rural North Carolina, having a lozenge fall from your mouth into the lap of a fellow passenger on a plane, armoring windows with LP covers to protect the house from neurotic songbirds, lancing a boil from another's backside, and venturing to Japan to quit smoking. Little, Brown and Company issued a first-run hardcover release of 100,000 copies. The book was a commercial success, topping The New York Times Best Seller list for eight weeks.

## Television appearances

Sedaris was a guest on The Daily Show with Jon Stewart on Comedy Central on June 3, 2008. During the interview, he recommended moving to Hiroshima, Japan, for three months to stop smoking. This smoking cessation method, which cost the author $23,000, is the subject of the last essay of his book. He also described the genesis for the name of his book. It was the name of a chapter in a book he found in a hotel room in Hiroshima. He also appeared on the Late Show with David Letterman on July 18, 2008.

## Cover art

The first-edition cover was designed by Chip Kidd. It features Skull of a Skeleton with Burning Cigarette, an early painting by Vincent van Gogh.

## Contents

* It's Catching – A work on Sedaris's partner Hugh and his mother
* Keeping Up – Sedaris trying to keep up with Hugh, who walks too fast
* The Understudy – Memories of a bad white trash babysitter.
* This Old House – Sedaris moves into a boarding house.
* Buddy, Can You Spare a Tie? – Sedaris's recollections on various bad clothes and "accessories"
* Road Trips – Being picked up by a driver who wants a blow job.
* What I Learned – Talking about Princeton
* That's Amore – A rude neighbor named Helen
* The Monster Mash – Sedaris's fascination with corpses.
* In the Waiting Room – Language barriers and the consequences
* Solution to Saturday's Puzzle – Sedaris's throat lozenge falls onto a bitchy airplane seatmate
* Adult Figures Charging Toward a Concrete Toadstool – Sedaris's parents collecting art
* Memento Mori – Buying a skeleton for Hugh
* All the Beauty You Will Ever Need – Making coffee without water and his relationship with Hugh
* Town and Country – A cabbie in New York who talks about his sex life
* Aerial – Using album covers to scare away birds
* The Man in the Hut – A neighbor in France who was sent to prison for molesting his wife's grandchildren
* Of Mice and Men – About icebreaker conversations
* April in Paris – About interacting with animals and Sedaris's recollections of a spider
* Crybaby – Sedaris sits next to a grieving man on a plane.
* Old Faithful – Hugh lances a boil on Sedaris's backside
* The Smoking Section – Sedaris tries to stop smoking in Japan
# Bathymophila valentia

Bathymophila valentia is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Solariellidae.

## Description

The diameter of the shell attains 8.6 mm.

## Distribution

This marine species is endemic to New Zealand and occurs off the Three Kings Rise at depths between 1210 m and 1570 m.
# Vega, Haninge

Vega is a town district in Haninge Municipality, in Sweden. As of 2017, Vega has a population of 6,033 people. It is located north of Handen and is part of Stockholm.
As of 2019, Vega is being redeveloped with more than 3,000 planned homes. Vega station on the Stockholm commuter rail system opened on 1 April 2019.

## Gallery

* Housing in Vega
* Vega Station
* Construction of Housing
* Bus Stop in Vega
# Norlund

Norlund, Nørlund or Nõrlund may refer to:
* Niels Erik Nørlund (1885–1980), Danish mathematician
** Nørlund–Rice integral
** Nõrlund mean
* Alex Nørlund, Danish football player
* Louise Nørlund (1854–1919), Danish feminist
* Poul Nørlund (1888-1951), Danish historian and archaeologist

## Places

* Norlund Alps, Greenland
* Norlund Land, Greenland
* Norlund Slot (Nørlund castle) in Funen
# AoB Plants

AoB Plants (AoBP) is a peer-reviewed open-access, non-profit scientific journal established in 2009 and publishing on all aspects of plant biology. The editor-in-chief is Tom Buckley (University of California, Davis) and the journal is published through Oxford University Press but owned and managed by the Annals of Botany Company a non-profit educational charity registered with the Charity Commission for England and Wales. AoBP was one of the first plant science journals to adopt a fully open access publishing model. AoBP is one of few plant science journals that use double-blind peer review (neither authors nor reviewers know one another's identities); its "sound-science ethos and mission" statement reads, "The mission of AoBP is to provide an outlet for plant-focused research without the biases that affect much of scientific publishing. These biases include the devaluing of confirmatory or negative results and prejudices against authors based on their personal characteristics (such as gender, ethnicity, affiliation, seniority and reputation). Thus, we base decisions to accept or reject papers solely on rigor, clarity and substance, and we use double-blind peer review, concealing the identities of authors and reviewers during the review process. We prefer to leave judgments about the wider importance of papers to the scientific community." An account of the thinking behind launching the journal and its progress over the first 10 years has been published. AoB Plants has two sister journals, Annals of Botany, a subscription-based general botanical journal and in silico Plants, an open access journal devoted to all aspects of plant modelling.

## Abstracting and indexing

The journal is abstracted and indexed in:
* AGRICOLA
* Biological Abstracts
* BIOSIS Previews
* CAB International
* Chemical Abstracts Service
* Current Contents/Agriculture, Biology & Environmental Sciences
* Food Science and Technology Abstracts
* Science Citation Index Expanded
* Scopus
According to Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2022 impact factor of 2.9.
# Hymenophyllum helicoideum

Hymenophyllum helicoideum is a species of fern in the family Hymenophyllaceae. It is endemic to Ecuador. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests. It is threatened by habitat loss.
# Parkland High School

Parkland High School or Parklands High School may refer to one of the following secondary schools:
* Parkland High School (Pennsylvania), Allentown, Pennsylvania
* Parkland High School (Texas), El Paso, Texas
* Parkland Magnet High School, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
* Parklands High School (Lancashire), Chorley, Lancashire
* Parklands High School, Liverpool, Speke, Liverpool, Mereyside
* Parklands High School (West Yorkshire), a former secondary school in Seacroft, Leeds, West Yorkshire
* Parklands High School (Burnie), a secondary school located on the North West Coast of Tasmania, Australia
* Parklands High School, Alberton, a secondary school located in Gauteng, South Africa.
# Institute for Unpopular Culture

Institute for Unpopular Culture (also known by the acronym, IFUC) is an alternative and outsider culture organization based in San Francisco, California.

## History

It was founded in 1989 by David Ferguson. IFUC's stated objective is to provide a range of services necessary for non-mainstream artists to fulfill their goals of artistic expression: public relations, counseling, business opportunities, and access to equipment. Ferguson said that IFUC provides artists with grants and other funding for their projects.
Ferguson called his approach to arts patronage "new philanthropy".
   Much of the business that takes place at IFUC is volunteer-driven, or works given in trade.
Ferguson has said that IFUC arranged exhibitions of William Noguera's pen and ink photorealism—a sponsorship that raised eyebrows due to Noguera's status as a death row inmate at California's San Quentin State Prison. Ferguson claimed that IFUC had also been associated with performance artist Holly Hughes, one of the infamous NEA Four, a quartet of artists who saw their NEA funding cut off because of concerns of indecency. Other talents Ferguson claimed to have benefited from IFUC backing including graffiti artist Barry McGee (a.k.a. "Twist") and installation artist Joe Mangrum. Ferguson stated that The Institute helped launch the Punk Rock Orchestra, a San Francisco Bay Area music group which performs orchestral arrangements of punk rock classics.
# Bazik

Bazik is a village in the municipality of Domaljevac-Šamac, Posavina Canton, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

## Demographics

According to the 2013 census, its population was 493.
Ethnicity in 2013 :
| Ethnicity | Number | Percentage |
| Croats | 485 | 98.4% |
| Serbs | 4 | 0.8% |
| Bosniaks | 2 | 0.4% |
| other/undeclared | 2 | 0.4% |
| Total | 493 | 100% |
# Hu Yuan

Hu Yuan (Chinese: 胡瑗, 993–1059), courtesy name Yizhi (Chinese: 翼之). Born in Hailing, Taizhou (today's Taizhou, Jiangsu). Since he lived in the Fort Anding in the modern-day Zichang County, he was also called "Mr. Anding" (Chinese: 安定先生, Ān dìng xiān sheng).
An educator from the Northern Song dynasty, he was considered one of the so-called "Three masters of the beginning of the Song dynasty" (宋初三先生). As an educator, he privileged the understating of the substance and function (Chinese: 體用) and literature (Chinese: 文) as the way of the sages.
He was also considered one of the forerunners of Neo-Confucianism, was a teacher of Cheng Yi, and wrote a comment on the Yijing. Zhu Xi regarded him as a relatively important Confucian of the Song dynasty
He was the ancestor of Hu Dunfu.
# Philosophic Whigs

The Philosophic Whigs were a significant grouping in the nineteenth century Whig party, who drew on the ideas of the Scottish Enlightenment to bring the concept of social change and progress to British political thought.

## A middle way

The ideas of the Philosophic Whigs formed themselves in opposition to two competing trends - those of the Utilitarians and the Radicals on the one hand, and those of the Tories on the other. Philosophic Whigs such as Sir James Mackintosh or Thomas Babington Macaulay attacked the former for an abstract approach to society and a neglect of historical roots; the latter for looking back to an idealised past and neglecting historical change and developmental time. Similarly, they condemned the French Revolution for over-abstraction on the one hand, and a slavish apeing of Roman republicanism on the other.
They saw the need to adjust institutions to a changing society as a priority. Thus, during the debate over the Great Reform Act, Macaulay made good use of the concept of historical change to support the case for parliamentary reform: "Another great intellectual revolution has taken place....There is a change in society. There must be a corresponding change in the government".
Their thinking passed in to the Victorian mainstream, through figures like Bagehot and Dicey who saw the need for laws to adapt to changing social structures and habits.

### Criticism

Conservative thinkers saw the Whig emphasis on progress – what Scrope called the "progressive and indefinite amelioration in the circumstances of mankind" – as a dangerously Utopian illusion.

## Literary examples

John Buchan in The Moon Endureth mocked a philosophic Whig for imagining himself the Emperor of Byzantium in his spare time.
# Valley Elementary School

Valley Elementary School may refer to:
* Valley Elementary School, a school in Bensalem Township School District in Bensalem Township, Pennsylvania
* Valley Elementary School, a school in Beavercreek City School District in Beavercreek, Ohio
* Valley Elementary School, a school in Chignecto-Central Regional School Board in Nova Scotia
# Norling

Norling is a Swedish surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Anders Norling (born 1956), Swedish Olympic swimmer
* Axel Norling (1884–1964), Swedish gymnast, diver, and tug of war competitor
* Bengt Norling (1925–2002), Swedish politician
* Clive Norling, Welsh international rugby union referee
* Daniel Norling (1888–1958), Swedish gymnast and equestrian, brother of Axel
* Figge Norling (born 1965), Swedish actor and theatre director
* Katrin Norling (born 1979), Swedish Olympic equestrian
* Lars-Olof Norling (born 1935), Swedish Olympic boxer
* Lisa Norling, American historian
* Rikard Norling (born 1971), Swedish football manager
* Tova Magnusson-Norling (born 1968), Swedish film and television actress, comedian, and film director; former wife of Figge Norling