OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Yaeda Valley

The Yaeda Valley, or Yaida Valley, is a swampy valley located in Mbulu District of Manyara Region, Tanzania. The Valley is situated south of Lake Eyasi.
The valley forms an endorheic basin with no drainage outlet. A low ridge running northeast–southwest separates the valley from the basin of Lake Eyasi.
The Yaeda Swamp is fed from the northeast by the Yaeda River, which originates in the Mbulu Highlands to the east. On the valley floor are 16,200 ha of seasonal swamp with extensive areas of rush and sedge, and 8,000 ha of floodplain grassland with Vachellia drepanolobium thicket at the northern end of the valley that are inundated during periods of exceptionally high rainfall. Above the floodplain are approximately 12,100 ha of wooded hillsides, with Vachellia tortilis near the edge of the floodplain, Vachellia kirkii woodland near the V. drepanolobium thickets at the north end of the floodplain, and surrounded by baobab woodland on higher slopes.
The swamp is home to numerous waterbirds, including Cattle egrets (Bubulcus ibis), Glossy ibises (Plegadis falcinellus), Black-necked grebes (Podiceps nigricollis), Black-tailed godwits (Limosa limosa), Ruffs (Calidris pugnax), Fulvous tree ducks (Dendrocygna bicolor), and Knob-billed ducks (Sarkidiornis melanotos). Elephants (Loxodonta africana) and leopards (Panthera pardus) inhabit the grasslands, woodlands, and thickets.
The surrounding country is Acacia-Commiphora bushland and thicket, and home to the Hadza people. The Hadza traditionally forage for wild food, including hunting, seed collecting, and gathering honey. Increasing numbers of pastoralists have moved into the valley, grazing their herds of cattle on the floodplain grasslands and in the swamps during the dry season.
# Hamilton Viewpoint

Hamilton Viewpoint is a 16.9-acre (6.8 ha) public park in the West Seattle neighborhood of Seattle, Washington, United States. It was acquired by the city in 1914 and became a park 4 years later. Its namesake is Rupert L. Hamilton, a noted figure in the West Seattle community who helped establish the park. It had previously been known as West Side Park and Duwamish Head Park.
# Coleoxestia ebenina

Coleoxestia ebenina is a species in the longhorn beetle family Cerambycidae. It is found in Argentina, Bolivia, and Brazil.
# Zurab Beridze

Zurab Beridze may refer to:
* Zurab Beridze (swimmer) (born 1979), Georgian swimmer
* Zurab Beridze (diplomat) (born 1958), Georgian diplomat
# Plecodus straeleni

Plecodus straeleni is a species of cichlid fish that is endemic to Lake Tanganyika in East Africa. This species can reach a total length of 16 centimetres (6.3 in).
Like all species of Plecodus, this fish is a scale-eater. Unlike other members of its genus, it has a distinctive striped pattern and closely resembles the harmless Neolamprologus sexfasciatus. It uses this aggressive mimicry to be able to approach unsuspecting fish and rapidly take a mouthful of scales. It also resembles the larger Cyphotilapia and has been recorded swimming among their schools, but this may be protective rather than aggressive mimicry. Although it may attack the species it mimics, most victims are other species and under some circumstances it will feed on fish eggs.
The specific name honours the Belgian paleontologist and carcinologist Victor van Straelen (1889-1964) who was Director of the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences.
# Vargulin

Vargulin, also called Cypridinid luciferin, Cypridina luciferin, or Vargula luciferin, is the luciferin found in the ostracod Cypridina hilgendorfii, also named Vargula hilgendorfii. These bottom dwelling ostracods emit a light stream into water when disturbed presumably to deter predation. Vargulin is also used by the midshipman fish, Porichthys.

## History

A partial extraction procedure was developed in 1935 which involved reacting the compound with benzoyl chloride to allow it to be separated from the water-soluble components. The compound was first isolated and purified to crystals by Osamu Shimomura. The structure of the compound was confirmed some years later. Feeding experiments suggest that the compound is synthesized in the animal from three amino-acids: tryptophan, isoleucine, and arginine.

## Biochemistry

Vargulin is oxidized by the Vargula luciferase, a 62 kDa enzyme, to produce blue light at 462 nm (max emission, detected with a 425 to 525 nm filter). The vargulin does not cross react with luciferases using coelenterazine or Firefly luciferin.

## Uses

Vargulin (with the associated luciferase) has applications in biotechnology:
* in a variety of assays, to report gene or gene expression after luciferase have been genetically introduced in cells,
* to detect ATP, that is used in the vargulin/luciferase reaction (cell viability assays).
Although less stable, the Cypridina system is useful because can be used in multiplex assays with other (red-emitting) luciferin assays.
# Harold Papworth

Harold Charles Papworth OBE (1888–1953) was a British educator and officer of the Indian civil service who served as the Principal of the Presidency College, Madras from 1934 to 1942.

## Early life

Papworth was born in India on 16 December 1888. After his education, Papworth entered the Indian educational service in which he served until December 1943.

## Career

Papworth was appointed Principal of the Presidency College, Madras in 1934 and served till 1942. Papworth also served as the Vice-Chancellor of Travancore University from 1947 to 1949. In 1941, Papworth was made an officer of the Order of the British Empire.

## Family

Papworth married Gladys Emily Muirhead (1887–1965) on 26 February 1916. The couple had a daughter called Yvonne (born 1917).
# Birodi, India

Birodi, India may refer to:
* Birodi Chhoti, a village in Sikar district in Rajasthan state in India
* Birodi Bari, a village in Sikar district in Rajasthan state in India
# Those Lips, Those Eyes

Those Lips, Those Eyes is a 1980 American romance film directed by Michael Pressman and starring Frank Langella, Glynnis O'Connor, and Tom Hulce.

## Plot

In the early 1950s, a star-struck Ohio boy, Artie Shoemaker, skips school to work behind the scenes for a touring stock theatrical company.
Inept at his job, Artie is nearly fired until the star of the show, Harry Crystal, takes a liking to him and takes the kid under his wing. Artie becomes smitten with one of the attractive chorus girls from the show, Ramona, a worldly young woman who provides his sexual initiation. But soon the show must move on to another town, leaving Artie alone with his dreams.

## Cast

* Frank Langella as Harry Crystal
* Glynnis O'Connor as Ramona
* Tom Hulce as Artie Shoemaker
* Jerry Stiller as Mr. Shoemaker
* Herbert Berghof as Dr. Julius Fuldauer
* Kevin McCarthy as Mickey Bellinger
* Joseph Maher as Fibby Geyer
* George Morfogen as Sherman Sprat
# The Throne of Saturn

The Throne of Saturn may refer to:
* The Throne of Saturn (short story collection), a 1949 short story collection by S. Fowler Wright
* The Throne of Saturn (novel), a 1970 science fiction novel by Pulitzer Prize-winning political fiction author Allen Drury
# Santo Stefano lizard

The Santo Stefano lizard (Podarcis siculus sanctistephani) lived on Santo Stefano Island, a small island near Ventotene in the Tyrrhenian Sea off the west coast of Italy, and part of the Pontine Islands. It became extinct in 1965, probably caused by feral cats and a snake species. These animals destroyed almost the whole population and any survivors seem to have interbred with an introduced subspecies. An epidemic of an unknown pathogen that followed wiped out the majority of the population and contributed to this subspecies' extinction.
# Coleoxestia curoei

Coleoxestia curoei is a species in the longhorn beetle family Cerambycidae. It is found in Costa Rica, Honduras, Nicaragua, and Panama.
# Toco (disambiguation)

Toco is a village on the island of Trinidad.
Toco or Tocos may also refer to:

## Places

* Toco Municipality, a municipal section in Bolivia
** Toco, Cochabamba, a town in Toco Municipality
* Toco, Texas, a city in the United States
* Tocos do Moji, a municipality in Brazil
* Toco Hills, a neighborhood in North Druid Hills, Georgia

## Other

* Toco toucan, a species of bird
* Cardiotocograph, a type of hospital equipment
* Tocos, an alternative name for rice bran solubles
# First Round Capital

First Round Capital is a US-based venture capital firm that specializes in providing seed-stage funding to technology companies.
Founded by Josh Kopelman and Howard Morgan First Round typically provides seed-stage funding and focuses on portfolio companies' growth during their first 18 months. It has offices in San Francisco, Philadelphia and New York.

## Dorm Room Fund

In 2012 First Round Capital created the Dorm Room Fund, a $10 million fund focused on investments in student-run startups. In 2019, the firm launched the Graduate Fund, a pre-seed fund for recent graduates of undergraduate or master's programs. The firm is operated by full-time undergraduate and graduate students. It has backed companies that have raised a combined $300 million in venture capital from investors including Y Combinator, Sequoia Capital, Andreessen Horowitz, and Union Square Ventures. The firm has teams in San Francisco, New York City, Philadelphia, and Boston.
In addition to providing early-stage capital, Dorm Room Fund draws upon its own resources as well as First round's to support student entrepreneurs. In January 2018, Dorm Room Fund's Head of Engineering Yasyf Mohamedali launched VCWiz, a tool to help founders (student or otherwise) research, discover, and reach out to seed-stage investors.
# Scott Rothkopf

Scott Rothkopf (born 1976 in Dallas) is an American art historian and curator. He became the Alice Pratt Brown Director of the Whitney Museum of American Art on November 1, 2023, previously serving as the senior deputy director and Nancy and Steve Crown Family Chief Curator.

## Early life and education

A native of Dallas, Rothkopf graduated from the Greenhill School in Addison, Texas. He obtained both his Bachelor of Arts in Art History in 1999, under Yve-Alain Bois, and graduate degree in the history of art and architecture from Harvard University.
He began his curatorial career at the Harvard University Art Museums, where he served as a guest curator of exhibitions devoted to the work of Mel Bochner (2002) and Pierre Huyghe (2004). In 2001, he began publishing reviews and feature articles for Artforum International, where he served as Senior Editor from 2004–2009.

## Career

From 2004 until 2009, Rothkopf was a senior editor of Artforum. He then joined the Whitney Museum of American Art as a curator. In 2015, Rothkopf was promoted to the role of Nancy and Steve Crown Family Chief Curator, replacing Donna De Salvo, and three years later, jointly as the senior deputy director.
While at the Whitney, Rothkopf has curated a number of exhibitions, including; "Mary Heilmann: Sunset" (2015), "Jeff Koons: A Retrospective" (2014 - the largest single artist exhibition in the Whitney's history and the closing show in the Museum's previous Marcel Breuer-designed Madison Avenue home space), "Sinister Pop" (2012–13, with Donna De Salvo), "Wade Guyton OS" (2012–13), Glenn Ligon: AMERICA (2011), "Singular Visions" (2010, with Dana Miller) and "Whitney on Site: Guyton\Walker" (2010).
In March 2023, the Whitney announced that Adam D. Weinberg would stand down as the Alice Pratt Brown Director at the end of his contract on October 31, 2023, and named Rothkopf as his successor.
# Protoceratopsidovum

Protoceratopsidovum is an oogenus of dinosaur egg from Mongolia. Despite its name (which means "eggs of Protoceratops"), it does not represent the eggs of a protoceratopsid, but rather the eggs of maniraptoran theropods.

## Description

Protoceratopsidovum eggs are extremely abundant in the Djadokhta and Barun Goyot Formations. P. sincerum and P. minimum eggs both have a smooth surface, whereas those of P. fluxuosum have fine ornamentation around the equatorial part. The eggs are elongated and asymmetrical, with a two-layered prismatic shell generally resembling the eggs of Troodon. They were laid in pairs.

## Parataxonomy

The eggs of Protoceratopsidovum are classified in the oofamily Prismatoolithidae. They were originally thought to be eggs of Protoceratops (hence the name) because they are extremely common at the same sites as Protoceratops. However, more recent research has cast doubt on this: a cladistic analysis in 2008, by Zelenitsky and Therrien, found them to be the eggs of maniraptorans.

## Palaeobiology

The shape, structure, and arrangement of eggs of Protoceratopsidovum and its relatives provide some insight into the palaeobiology of fossil eggs. Their asymmetrical shape (resembling bird eggs) suggests that the process of egg formation was similar to that of birds. Unlike bird eggs (which are laid one at a time), Protoceratopsidovum eggs were laid in pairs because the mother would have two functioning oviducts which would both lay a single egg simultaneously, contrasting with modern birds, which have only one functional oviduct. Though no fossils of parents incubating Protoceratopsidovum eggs have been found, their identification as maniraptoran eggs would imply that they were incubated.
# Druine Turbi

The Druine D.5 Turbi was a light aircraft designed in France in the 1950s for home building. It was a low-wing cantilever monoplane with fixed tailskid undercarriage. The pilot and a single passenger sat in tandem, open cockpits. Essentially a scaled-up version of the Druine Turbulent design, the Turbi shared that aircraft's wooden construction. Again, like its predecessor, it was intended to be able to be powered by a variety of air-cooled engines.
The aircraft was marketed as plans and as a kit by Falconar Avia of Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. Plans are now supplied by Manna Aviation of Australia.

## Design

The Turbi is built using all-wood construction. The wing uses a two-spar design. It uses slotted ailerons.

## Specifications (Druine D.5 Turbi)

Data from Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1961–62, Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1958-59
General characteristics
* Crew: one
* Capacity: one passenger
* Length: 6.86 m (22 ft 6 in)
* Wingspan: 8.70 m (28 ft 7 in)
* Wing area: 13.50 m$^2$ (145.3 sq ft)
* Airfoil: NACA 23012
* Empty weight: 280 kg (617 lb)
* Gross weight: 495 kg (1,091 lb)
* Powerplant: 1 × Beaussier air-cooled 4-cylinder engine, 34 kW (45 hp)
* Propellers: 2-bladed fixed-pitch wooden propeller
Performance
* Maximum speed: 155 km/h (96 mph, 84 kn)
* Cruise speed: 120 km/h (75 mph, 65 kn)
* Range: 640 km (400 mi, 350 nmi)
* Rate of climb: 2.50 m/s (492 ft/min)
# Beyond the Notes

Beyond the Notes is a studio album by former Deep Purple keyboard player Jon Lord, released in 2004. It features guest appearances from Frida Lyngstad, Sam Brown, Miller Anderson, Thijs van Leer, Pete York, and Trondheim Soloists.

## Track listing

* "Miles Away" (7:40)
* "De Profundis" (7:20)
* "One from the Meadow" (8:14)
* "Cologne Again" (6:45)
* "I'll Send You a Postcard (Pavane for Tony)" (6:54)
* "The Sun Will Shine Again" (4:22)
* "A Smile When I Shook His Hand (In Memoriam George Harrison)" (7:30)
* "November Calls" (5:03)
* "The Telemann Experiment" (7:07)
* "Music for Miriam (Version for String Orchestra)" (8:02)
All songs composed by Jon Lord. All lyrics by Sam Brown, except "November Calls" by Jon Lord

## Personnel

* Jon Lord - Piano, organ, keyboards
* Thijs van Leer - Flute
* Michael Heupel - Flute
* Paul Shigihara - Guitar
* Urs Fuchs - Bass guitar
* Mario Argandoña [es] - Percussion, drums, backing vocals
* Matthias Krauss - Keyboards
* Gerhard Vetter - Oboe
* Andy Miles - Clarinet
* Pete York - Drums
* Emilia Amper - Nyckel harpe
* Sam Brown - Vocals ("One From The Meadow")
* Miller Anderson - Vocals ("November Calls")
* Frida - Vocals ("The Sun Will Shine Again")
* Sabine van Baaren - Backing vocals
* The Vocaleros - Voices
* Cologne String Ensemble Albert Jung
* Trondheim Soloists

## Production notes

* Produced by Mario Argandoña and Jon Lord
* Recorded and mixed at Hansa Haus-Studios, Bonn, Germany, June 14 - July 31, 2004
* Recordings engineered, overseen, mixed and mastered by Klaus Genuit
* "Miles Away" recordings engineered by Frank Meyer
* Additional recordings engineered by Manfred Zmarsly at Hansa Haus-Studios, and Mario Argandoña at Mo-Songs Studio, Cologne
* Strings on "The Sun Will Shine Again" recorded at Studio N, Cologne, Germany, sessions engineered by Gunter Kasper
# Santa Lucía, Uruguay

Santa Lucía (Spanish pronunciation:) is a city in the Canelones Department of southern Uruguay.
Santa Lucía is also the name of the municipality to which the city belongs.

## Geography

The city is located on the intersection of Route 11 with Route 63, about 60 kilometres (37 mi) northwest of the centre of Montevideo. The river Río Santa Lucía, after which the city is named, flows along the northwestern limits of the city.

## History

Santa Lucía was founded in 1782 with the name of Villa San Juan Bautista. It had acquired the status of "Villa" (town) before the Independence of Uruguay. On 15 June 1925, its status was elevated to "Ciudad" (city) by the Act of Ley Nº 7.837.

## Population

According to the 2011 census, Santa Lucía had a population of 16,742. In 2010, the Intendencia de Canelones estimated a population of 18,346 for the municipality during the elections.
| Year | Population |
| 1963 | 12,647 |
| 1975 | 14,079 |
| 1985 | 14,951 |
| 1996 | 16,764 |
| 2004 | 16,475 |
| 2011 | 16,742 |
Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística de Uruguay

## Places of worship

* Church of St. John the Baptist (Roman Catholic)

## Government

The city mayor as of July 2010 is Raúl Estramín.

## Notable people

* José Cancela (1976), football player.
* Ángelo Paleso (1983), football player.
* Clemente Estable (1894–1976), writer.
* Confusión Masiva (2021-active) Band of thrash metal formed by Luca González Somma on bass, Caio Crespo on drums, Agustín Trasante on vocals and Guillermo Morales on guitar. It's characterized by fast and violent music and by its lyrics that seek to highlight the massive confusion in which we live every day. Link EP debut: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=foaFfttKiLU&ab_channel=Confusi%C3%B3nMasiva
* Walter Santoro (1922–2011), politician.
* Eugenio Figueredo (1932), President of CONMEBOL
# Throwing Stones

"Throwing Stones" is a song by the Grateful Dead. It appears on their 1987 album In the Dark. It was also released as a single, with a B-side of "When Push Comes to Shove".
The song is based loosely on the nursery rhyme Ring Around the Rosie. The song repeatedly mentions the line Ashes! Ashes! We all fall down!.
The first live performance of "Throwing Stones" was on September 17, 1982, at the Cumberland County Civic Center in Portland, Maine.
# Tree ring (landscape feature)

A tree ring, also once popularly called a "folly", is a decorative feature of 18th and early 19th century planned landscapes in Britain and Ireland, comprising a circular earthen enclosure (a "tree ring enclosure") planted with trees. While several different species of tree were used, beech and Scots pine were especially popular for their tall, straight growth and landscape value. Tree rings are a development of the naturalistic 18th century style of landscape architecture.

## History and construction

Tree rings were created by 18th century landowners seeking to 'improve' and enhance the views across their properties. Beech became particularly valued in the 18th century as a landscape tree and for its timber, where previously it had been largely regarded as a fuel source and often managed by coppicing. Hilltop groves of beech trees were especially favoured; several well-known examples survive in the South of England, including Wittenham Clumps, the earliest such planting in England, dating from 1740.
Creation of a tree ring involved raising a circular hedge bank: this was planted with quickset to provide a fast-growing, thorny barrier to protect the young trees from livestock. The term "tree ring enclosure" is generally used to describe the resulting bank, while "tree ring" is used to refer to the trees themselves; in some cases an existing manmade feature such as a barrow or motte was used. While the outer ring of trees often featured beeches, in the 19th century the interior of tree rings was often planted with ornamental conifers.
In Ireland, tree rings were often planted as a landscape embellishment on top of drumlins, and occasionally made use of an existing rath or ringfort by creation of a small additional bank. The species used were similar to those in England, with a high proportion of beech and Scots pine, with smaller numbers of ash, oak, sycamore and other trees. In the late 18th century the Dublin Society offered a premium, at two shillings a perch running measure, for enclosing or tree planting on "old Danish forts, mounds, raths and moats".

## Present status

The relatively short lifespan of beeches means that tree rings are becoming vulnerable to damage or loss. Chanctonbury Ring was heavily damaged by the Great Storm of 1987, losing about 75% of its trees. Many of the beech trees at Wittenham Clumps are reaching the end of their life; the Earth Trust, which manages the site, is replanting with more drought-resistant hornbeam and lime.

## Examples

* Chanctonbury Ring, Sussex, 1760
* Lancing Ring, Sussex, late 18th century
* Wittenham Clumps, Berkshire, c.1740
* Seven Sisters, Somerset, c.1780
* Wayland's Smithy, Oxfordshire, planted with beech and fir trees in c.1810 and for a time known as "Wayland's Folly"
# Gommen Valley

Gommen Valley (73°53′S 5°17′W﻿ / ﻿73.883°S 5.283°W﻿ / -73.883; -5.283) is an ice-filled valley between Tunga Spur and Kuven Hill, near the southwest end of the Kirwan Escarpment in Queen Maud Land, Antarctica. It was mapped by Norwegian cartographers from surveys and air photos by the Norwegian–British–Swedish Antarctic Expedition (1949–52) and from additional air photos (1958–59), and named Gommen (the gum).
# Flag of the United States Coast Guard

The flag of the United States Coast Guard is white with a dark blue Great Seal of the United States; the shield on the eagle's breast has a blue chief over vertical red and white stripes. Inscribed in an arc above the eagle is "UNITED STATES COAST GUARD"; below the eagle is the Coast Guard motto, "SEMPER PARATUS" ("Always Ready") and beneath that in Arabic numerals is "1790" (the year in which the service's ancestor, the U.S. Revenue Cutter Service, was founded). All inscriptions on the flag are in dark blue typeface.

## History

The origins of the Coast Guard standard are very obscure. One theory states that it might have evolved from an early jack. There is at least one contemporary painting supporting this theory. In an 1840 painting, the Revenue cutter Alexander Hamilton flies a flag very similar to that of today's Coast Guard as a jack. This flag, like the union jack, appears to be the canton or upper corner of the Revenue cutter ensign.
An illustration in 1917 shows the Coast Guard standard as a white flag with a blue eagle and 13 stars in a semicircle surrounding it. Later, the words, "United States Coast Guard-- Semper Paratus" were added.
After 1950, the semicircle of stars was changed to the circle containing 13 stars. The Coast Guard standard is used during parades and ceremonies and is adorned by the Coast Guard's 34 battle streamers. The Coast Guard is unique to the other services for it has two official flags, the Coast Guard standard and the Coast Guard ensign.
The current flag was officially adopted on January 28, 1964.

## Coast Guard ensign

The Coast Guard ensign was first flown by the Revenue Cutter Service in 1799 to distinguish revenue cutters from merchant ships. The order stated the Ensign would be "16 perpendicular stripes, alternate red and white, the union of the ensign to be the arms of the United States in a dark blue on a white field." (There were 16 states in the United States at the time).
The purpose of the flag is to allow ship captains to easily recognize those vessels having legal authority to stop and board them. This flag is flown only as a symbol of law enforcement authority and is never carried as a parade standard.