OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Interior design regulation in the United States

The objective to enact interior design regulation in the United States began in the 1970s as a way to protect the rights of interior designers to practice and to allow designers to practice to the fullest extent of their abilities. The first title act was established in Alabama in 1982, and since then a total of 22 states have enacted some type of government-sanctioned interior design regulation.
Originally, nearly all states attempting licensure proposed title acts, and a few, to preserve their insure practice rights, have passed practice acts that are also more readily enforced by state agencies, and more.

## Practice regulation

A practice statute regulates certain aspects of the practice of interior design to those individuals who have established their credentials with the regulating body. Most interior design practice statutes contain exemptions which allow individuals or businesses to continue practicing in areas not subject to regulation such as residential design. Practice laws include a protective title provision as well. Three states currently restrict the practice of interior design – Louisiana, Nevada, and Florida and two other jurisdictions, District of Columbia and Puerto Rico. A fourth state, Alabama, passed a practice law in 2001 but in 2007 it was struck down by the Alabama Supreme Court.
The State of Florida's interior design practice regulations were the subject of a lawsuit by the Institute for Justice, a non-profit libertarian public interest law firm in the United States. The judge in the case struck down the reservation of the title "interior designer" for registrants in the state on First Amendment grounds and the reserved title for registrants has been changed to "registered interior designer." The practice regulations for commercial interior design were left in place. The judge acknowledged that the existing law already protected the ability for any individual to practice commercial interior decoration

## Title regulation

A title restricts the use of the title as defined by that jurisdiction, with titles varying by jurisdictions and precedence in that jurisdiction. The titles currently in use are, “certified interior designer,” “registered interior designer,” and “licensed interior designer”. The titles are restricted to be used only by those who have satisfied minimum competency requirements and accept the accountability required by the government in a regulated profession.
Currently, 19 states have regulation which allows the practice of interior design, but restricts some form of the title to those licensed and regulated persons.
On February 4, 2010, judge Robert Hinkle ruled in that in the state of Florida it is unconstitutional to prohibit the use of the title, "interior designer," "registered interior designer," or "words to that effect" to those not registered.
# Subglacial channel

A subglacial meltwater channel is a channel beneath an ice mass, such as ice sheets and valley glaciers, roughly parallel to the main ice flow direction. These meltwater channels can have different sizes, ranging from very small channels of a metre deep and wide to big valleys which can be up to a kilometre wide. The dimensions of these channels are regulated by several factors: water temperature, meltwater volume, debris content in the water, ice wall closure rates (governed by the ice thickness) and squeezing of fluidized sediment. In the glaciological literature three forms of subglacial meltwater channels are commonly mentioned.

## R-channels

The first type of channel is the R-channel after Hans Röthlisberger who initiated work on water pressures in tubes under glaciers. These are semi-circular channels cut upward into the ice. The balance between channel enlargement by viscous heating and closure by ice deformation when the channels are water-filled reflects their size and water pressure. He stated the equation
    ${\frac {dp_{w}}{dx}}=const\cdot Q^{-2/11}{\Big{\frac {p_{i}-p_{w}}{nA}}{\Big )}^{8n/11}$
where $Q$ is the discharge, $A$ and $n$ the same as in Glen's flow law, $p_{w}$ is the steady state pressure, $p_{i}$ is the initial pressure, and $x$ is the distance upstream.

## H-channels

The second type mentioned are H-channels, after Roger Hooke. These channels are similar to R channels, cut upward into the ice that tends to follow the local bed slope but are broad and flatter than R channels. Such channels form where water flows at atmospheric pressure beneath thin ice and on steep downglacier bedslopes.

## N-channels

The final type, the N-channel (after John Nye), are those incised into bedrock, perhaps suggesting long-term channel stability under some glaciers.
# Barkla Shop

Barkla Shop is a small hamlet in mid Cornwall, England, United Kingdom half-a-mile east of St Agnes. It is in the civil parish of Perranzabuloe.
Barkla Shop, located on the road between Perranporth and St Agnes, is named after a blacksmith's shop. When the railway was built rock was brought from the Wheal Liberty quarries by horses, and the blacksmith's shop was important to properly maintain the horses. There was also a carpenter's shop. Both shops are no longer there.
The Mithian post office is located in Barkla.
The Glen Carne Housing and Support organisation has a location in Barkla Shop, for long term housing while homeless men gain training and education, such as in Information Technology or horticulture.

## Gallery

* Barkla Farm
* Mithian Post Office, Barkla Shop, St Agnes
* Across Trevellas Valley at Barkla Shop
* Across the valley to Barkla Shop from a spot near Ropewalk Farm looks east across the valley. The village of Mithian lies over the far hillside.
* Guard horse near Barkla Shop
# Philip Cooke (judge)

Philip Brunskill Cooke MC QC (3 January 1893 – 11 November 1956) was a New Zealand judge and decorated WWI veteran.

## Early life

Cooke was born on 3 January 1893 in Palmerston North, New Zealand. His father, Frank Cooke, was the town's Crown Prosecutor. His maternal grandfather was Dr Francis Alexander Monckton, a doctor and entrepreneur from Southland who was later mayor of Feilding.
Cooke received his education at Huntley School in Marton, Wanganui Collegiate School and at Victoria University College. In 1910, Cooke had placed 18th in the Senior National Scholarships. He graduated with LL.B. in June 1913.

## War service and professional life

During his studies, Cooke was an associate to the Chief Justice, Robert Stout. When he graduated, he joined of office of Chapman, Skerrett, Tripp, and Blair (now known as Chapman Tripp), although he was initially too young to be admitted as a barrister. At the firm, he was Charles Skerrett's principal assistant. At the outbreak of World War I, he enlisted and became 2nd lieutenant with the Divisional Signalling Corps. In the 1918 Birthday Honours, he received a Military Cross.
Aged 36, Cooke had the opportunity to be appointed the country's youngest ever judge, but he declined for a variety of reasons. When he was appointed King's Counsel on 30 January 1936, he was at age 43 the youngest appointee in New Zealand up to that point. He was succeeded in the honour of being the youngest appointee by his son, Robin Cooke, who was aged 38 when he received his appointment in 1964.
Cooke volunteered at Army Headquarters during World War II for a year before he gave up his practice completely. He was Director of Personal Services for the army for two years. In 1946, he was elected President of the New Zealand Law Society, a role he held for four years. Cooke was appointed as a judge at the Supreme Court on 31 March 1950, and served as a judge of that Court until illness forced him to retire.

## Family and death

On 23 April 1924, Cooke married Valmai Gore at St Pauls Pro Cathedral, Wellington. Her grandfather, Richard Benjamin Gore, had been one of the Wellington pioneers. The reception was held at the Wellington Art Gallery.
The Cookes had one son and one daughter. Their son, Robin (1926–2006), became one of New Zealand's most influential jurists. Their daughter was born in 1929.
Cooke died on 11 November 1956 in his home town Wellington from an illness.
# Walter E. Garrey

Walter Eugene Garrey (April 7, 1874 – June 15, 1951) was an American physiologist and department head of the Vanderbilt University School of Medicine. He was known especially for his studies of the heart. He served as president of the American Physiological Society in 1938 and 1939.
Garrey graduated from Lawrence University in Appleton, Wisconsin in 1894 and subsequently attended the University of Chicago for his graduate work, where he played as an end on the 1894 Chicago Maroons football team. He served as the head football coach at Stevens Point Normal School—now known as University of Wisconsin–Stevens Point—in 1899.
# Phantom Jack

Phantom Jack is the eponymous character of a comic book series created by writer Michael San Giacomo. Its publication started in early 2004 as a monthly series at Image Comics, completing its first five-issues story-arc. After a creative team change and a creative difference with the publisher, the title moved to Speakeasy Comics where its first arc was collected in 2005 as a trade paperback.

## Synopsis

Newspaper reporter Jack Baxter can turn invisible. Not exactly a hero, Baxter uses his powers to scoop other reporters. His test of fire comes when his brother is captured in Iraq. Jack rescues his brother with the aid of the beautiful Madison Blue, an invisible secret agent for the group 'Miscellaneous'. Stories lean toward realistic portrayals of characters in modern world, not typical super-hero fare. The series ran in 2005 from Image and returned in November, 2007, from Atomic Pop Art Entertainment with ABSOLUTE PHANTOM JACK, which collects all the previous Image comics and about 80 pages of new stories. The all-new, 110-page graphic novel PHANTOM JACK: THE NOWHERE MAN AGENDA, where Jack confronts his evil opposite and faces his final fate, will be published as soon as a new publisher is found.
The sequel: PHANTOM JACK: THE NOWHERE MAN AGENDA, the all-new, 110-page collection of five stories, was released Aug. 18, 2010 from IDW.
# Phadia An Na Mohra

Phadia An Na Mohra is a town in the Islamabad Capital Territory of Pakistan. It is located at 33° 24' 40N 73° 24' 10E with an altitude of 507 metres (1666 feet).
# Suhilan, İskilip

Suhilan is a village in the İskilip District of Çorum Province in Turkey. Its population is 88 (2022). The village is populated by Kurds.
# Sujit Dey

Sujit Dey is a professor in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, the Director of the Center for Wireless Communications, and the Director of the Institute for the Global Entrepreneur at the University of California, San Diego. He was named Fellow of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) in 2014 for contributions to the design and testing of low-power systems and system-on-chips.
Dey obtained his Ph.D. in computer science from Duke University in 1991. He then served as a senior research staff member for NEC C&C Research Laboratories in Princeton, New Jersey. Dey joined University of California, San Diego in 1997 and in 2004 founded Ortiva Wireless. He served as the company's CEO, CTO and Chief Technologist until its acquisition by Allot in 2012. After acquisition by Allot Communications, he served as that company's chief scientist of its Mobile Networks department. From 2013 to 2015 Dey served as Faculty Director of the von Liebig Entrepreneurism Center and in 2017 was appointed as an adjunct professor at Rady School of Management and the Jacobs Family Chair in Engineering Management Leadership.
# Walnut Point State Park

Walnut Point State Park is an Illinois state park on 671 acres (272 ha) in Douglas County, Illinois, United States. The park contains a small lake. The nearest community is Oakland.
# Walnut Ridge

Walnut Ridge may refer to the following places in the United States:
* Walnut Ridge, Arkansas
* Walnut Ridge, Indiana
* Walnut Ridge (Amtrak station), a train station in Walnut Ridge, Arkansas
* Walnut Ridge High School (disambiguation), multiple high schools
# Walter Robert Johnson

Walter Robert Johnson (September 27, 1927 – February 19, 1994) was a farmer, rancher and political figure in Saskatchewan, Canada. He represented Saltcoats from 1982 to 1991 in the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan as a Progressive Conservative.
He was born in Spy Hill, Saskatchewan in 1927, the son of Julius G. Johnson and Laura S. Thoradson. In 1952, Johnson married Dorothea Elaine Olson. Johnson was a livestock producer, a director of the Saskatchewan Hereford Association and a member of the Royal Canadian Legion. Johnson ran unsuccessfully for a seat in the provincial assembly in 1978 before being elected in 1982. He died in 1994 at the age of 66.
# Baroness Campbell

Baroness Campbell may refer to:
* Elspeth Campbell, Baroness Campbell of Pittenweem (born 1940), wife of Menzies Campbell
* Sue Campbell, Baroness Campbell of Loughborough (born 1948), British sports administrator
* Jane Campbell, Baroness Campbell of Surbiton (born 1959), British campaigner
# Sultan Khlaifa al-Khulaifi

Khlaifa al-Khulai, is a Qari blogger, human rights activist, and the former Secretary-General of the Swiss-based Alrama Foundation.
Al-Khulai was in Qatar in March 2011. Both before and after his, al-Khulai advocated for individuals with close connections to freedom organizations.

## Views

Between early 2009 and 2010, Al-Khulai wrote a blog which recorded his personal and political views. In April 2009, al-Khulpublished a post addressed to the Emir and people of Qat. In the post, al-Khulaifi criticised the Qat government for holding secul and what he called “blasph” laws about alco consumption, bars, and dis. He held the government responsible for the spread of prostit. Al- called the government " because it did not follow the selected Qur'anic texts he provided in his post.

## Human rights activism

Until 2010, Al-Khula served as Secretary-General of the Alrama Foundation, a Swiss based human rights non-governmental organisation.
In early 2013, Doha News reported that al-Khulaifi was working with the Geneva-registered Adel Group for Human Rights. The Adel Group for Human Rights primarily examines cases of detention in Qatar.
Al Jazeera noted that A last blog post had criticized censorship in Qatar. His lawyer stated that "just for expressing his own opinion, it must be, because [he], . The Qatari government declined to comment. Al-Khalaifi in April.

### Reactions

Amnesty International criticized netizens.
US conservative watchdog Accuracy in Media later criticized the reporting of the Qatar-owned network Al Jazeera on the al-Khalacase, for an article which concluded "The Qatgovernment could not be contacted for comment". A spokesman asked, "How could they not get comment from the very regime that owns them? That just doesn't make any sense."
# Sue Jinks-Robertson

Sue Jinks-Robertson is an American professor of genetics and microbiology. She is currently a professor in the Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology at the Duke University School of Medicine. In May 2019, she was elected to the National Academy of Sciences. She has published over 100 scientific articles in peer-reviewed journals.

## Education and academic appointments

Jinks-Robertson grew up in the Florida panhandle. She graduated from Agnes Scott College in Decatur, Georgia in 1977. In 1983, she obtained a Ph.D. in Genetics from the University of Wisconsin-Madison, where she studied ribosome biosynthesis in E. coli with Masayasu Nomura. She was a postdoctoral researcher with Tom Petes at the University of Chicago. From 1986 to 2006 she was a faculty member in the Biology Department at Emory University. In 2006, she moved to Duke University.

## Research

Jinks-Robertson studies topics in DNA repair, homologous recombination, and transcription-associated mutagenesis, using the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a model organism.

## Major awards and honors

Jinks-Robertson was elected as a Fellow of the American Academy of Microbiology in 2010, and of the American Association for the Advancement of Science in 2011. She was elected to the National Academy of Sciences in 2019.

## Academic service

Jinks-Robertson was Treasurer of the Genetics Society of America from 2014–2016. She is currently an Associate Editor for the journal DNA Repair. She is also a member of the Editorial Board of PLoS Genetics.
# Phil Osaer

Phil Osaer (born 10 February 1980 in Livonia, Michigan) is an American former professional ice hockey goaltender, who played in the North American minor leagues before moving to partake a career abroad in Norway and Britain.

## Playing career

In the 1999 NHL Entry Draft, Osaer was selected by St. Louis Blues in the seventh round, as the 203rd overall pick.
In April 2007, Osaer turned down a substantial offer from a Norwegian ice hockey club to stay with Cardiff Devils. However, on April 9, 2008, he decided to quit Cardiff for GET-ligaen team Sparta Warriors. Osaer returned to the Devils for the 2012-13 season before concluding his career with Lørenskog IK in Norway.

## Awards and honours

| Award | Year |
| All-CCHA Second Team | 2000-01 |
# Bathophilus proximus

Bathophilus proximus is a species of barbeled dragonfish in the genus Bathophilus. The species has been documented in the northwest Atlantic Ocean, and fully-grown members of the species can reach a maximum length of ~5 centimeters.
# Sulfur fluoride

Sulfur fluoride may refer to any of the following sulfur fluorides:
* Sulfur hexafluoride, SF$_6$
* Disulfur decafluoride, S$_2$F$_{10}$
* Sulfur tetrafluoride, SF$_4$
* Disulfur tetrafluoride, S$_2$F$_4$
* Sulfur difluoride, SF$_2$
* Disulfur difluoride, S$_2$F$_2$
* Thiothionyl fluoride, S$_2$F$_2$ (second isomer)
* 1,3-Difluoro-trisulfane-1,1-difluoride, S$_3$F$_4$
# Sulzbach (Main)

Sulzbach is a river of Bavaria, Germany. It is a right tributary of the Main in Sulzbach am Main.
# Bassina yatei

Bassina yatei is a bivalve mollusc of the family Veneridae.
# Bassinet

A bassinet, bassinette, or cradle is a bed specifically for babies from birth to about four months. Bassinets are generally designed to work with fixed legs or caster wheels, while cradles are generally designed to provide a rocking or gliding motion. Bassinets and cradles are distinguished from Moses baskets and carry cots, which are designed to be carried and sit directly on the floor or furniture. After four months, babies are often transferred to a crib (American usage) or cot (UK usage). In the United States, however, the bedside sleeper is the prevalent option, since they are generally bigger, recommended up to 6 months, and often used up to a year.

## Design

A bassinet is typically a basket-like structure on free-standing legs, often with casters. A cradle is typically set in a fixed frame, but with the ability to rock or glide.

## Use

Bassinet usage in the United States nearly doubled to 20% from 1992 to 2006. Greater than 45% of babies up to two months used a bassinet. By 5–6 months, however, fewer than 10% of babies sleep in bassinets. In a hospital environment, a special form of sealed bassinet is used in a neonatal intensive care unit.
On many long-haul flights, most airlines provide a bassinet (which is attached to a bulkhead) to adults travelling with an infant, i.e., a child under the age of two. The use of the bassinet is restricted by the infant's size and weight. These need to be requested in advance with the airline. However, most USA and Canadian airlines have bassinet policies which mean they are only allocated at the airport gate.
Research has shown that the mattress influences SIDS outcomes; a firm mattress lowers SIDS risk.
Some bassinets are designed to rock or swing freely, with many carers finding their child calmed by this action. The process of lulling the child to sleep may be accompanied by prerecorded or live performance of lullabies.

## Stationary or portable

Although there are many variations, they fall generally into two categories:
* light and portable types sometimes called Moses baskets
* sturdier but less portable cradles
In both cases, they are generally designed to allow the resting baby to be carried from place to place. Within the home, they are often raised on a stand or other surface to reduce back strain when bending over to tend the baby. Wheeled frames to convert a bassinet into a pram or baby carriage are common.

## Smart bassinets

Bassinets that automatically soothe babies by sound and motion in response to crying recently have become available, starting with the Snoo in October 2016. The Snoo has been criticized for its high price. Graco, 4Moms, and other companies have introduced cheaper competing products.

## Rolling

At three or four months of age babies are able to roll over by themselves; this means they could tip the bassinet over, so for safety they must use an infant bed or toddler bed instead.
# Philaeus

Philaeus is a genus of jumping spiders that was first described by Tamerlan Thorell in 1869. Philaeus maoniuensis was moved to genus Yllenus in 2003.

## Species

As of August 2019 it contains seven species with a wide distribution. Most species are from the Mediterranean and West Africa, but single species are known from Guatemala and the Galapagos Islands:
* Philaeus chrysops (Poda, 1761) (type) – Europe, North Africa to Middle East, Turkey, Caucasus, Russia (Europe to Far East), Iran, Central Asia, Afghanistan, China, Mongolia, Korea
* Philaeus corrugatulus Strand, 1917 – Algeria
* Philaeus daoxianensis Peng, Gong & Kim, 2000 – China
* Philaeus fallax (Lucas, 1846) – Algeria
* Philaeus raribarbis Denis, 1955 – Morocco
* Philaeus ruber Peckham & Peckham, 1885 – Guatemala
* Philaeus steudeli Strand, 1906 – West Africa
# Philagraula

Philagraula is a genus of scoopwing moths in the family Uraniidae. There is one described species in Philagraula, P. slossoniae.
# Philaethria pygmalion

Philaethria pygmalion is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. It was described by Hans Fruhstorfer in 1912. It is found from eastern Colombia to central Brazil.
The larvae feed on Passiflora species P. coccinea, P. faroana, P. hexagonocarpa, P. mansoi and P. phaeocaula.

## Subspecies

* Philaethria pygmalion pygmalion (southern Colombia and Venezuela to central Brazil)
* Philaethria pygmalion metaensis Constantino & Salazar 2010 (Colombia: Meta)
# Interdicasterial Commission for Consecrated Religious

The Permanent Interdicasterial Commission for Consecrated Religious is part of the Roman Curia. It was established in 1989 to better handle religious in missionary lands, mostly in Africa and Asia. It became necessary when Pastor Bonus gave jurisdiction over internal community life of missionary religious from the Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples to the Congregation for Institutes of Consecrated Life and for Societies of Apostolic Life which has greater knowledge of the religious communities. The work of missionary religious remains under Peoples.
The president of the Interdicasterial Commission is the prefect of the Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples, currently Cardinal Luis Antonio Tagle. Other members include the prefect and secretary of the Congregation for Institutes of Consecrated Life and Societies of Apostolic Life and the secretary and under-secretary of the Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples.

## Presidents of the Permanent Interdicasterial Commission for Consecrated Religious

* Cardinal Jozef Tomko (18 March 1989 – 9 April 2001)
* Cardinal Crescenzio Sepe (9 April 2001 – 20 May 2006)
* Cardinal Ivan Dias (20 May 2006 – 10 May 2011)
* Cardinal Fernando Filoni (10 May 2011 – 08 December 2019)
* Cardinal Luis Antonio Tagle (8 December 2019 – )