OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# List of Carnegie libraries in Montana

The following list of Carnegie libraries in Montana provides detailed information on United States Carnegie libraries in Montana, where 17 libraries were built from 17 grants (totaling $219,200) awarded by the Carnegie Corporation of New York from 1901 to 1918. As of 2013, 15 of these buildings are still standing, and 9 still operate as libraries.

## Key

Building still operating as a library  Building standing, but now serving another purpose  Building no longer standing  Building listed on the National Register of Historic Places  Building contributes to a historic district on the National Register of Historic Places

## Carnegie libraries

| | Library | City or town | Date granted | Grant amount | Location | Notes |
| 1 | Big Timber | Big Timber | May 16, 1911 | $7,500 | 314 McLeod St. 45°49′57″N 109°57′7″W﻿ / ﻿45.83250°N 109.95194°W﻿ / 45.83250; -109.95194﻿ (Big Timber Carnegie Public Library) | |
| 2 | Bozeman | Bozeman | Mar 14, 1902 | $15,000 | 35 N. Bozeman Ave. 45°40′49″N 111°2′4″W﻿ / ﻿45.68028°N 111.03444°W﻿ / 45.68028; -111.03444﻿ (Bozeman Carnegie Library) | Now houses law offices |
| 3 | Chinook | Chinook | Oct 29, 1918 | $15,000 | 421 Ohio St. | |
| 4 | Dillon | Dillon | Jan 22, 1902 | $7,500 | 121 S. Idaho St. 45°12′59″N 112°38′13″W﻿ / ﻿45.21639°N 112.63694°W﻿ / 45.21639; -112.63694﻿ (Dillon City Library) | |
| 5 | Fort Benton | Fort Benton | Mar 31, 1916 | $15,000 | 1518 Main St. | |
| 6 | Glasgow | Glasgow | Apr 8, 1907 | $7,500 | | Demolished about 1965 |
| 7 | Great Falls | Great Falls | Jun 21, 1901 | $31,700 | | Demolished about 1965 |
| 8 | Hamilton | Hamilton | Jul 23, 1914 | $9,000 | 306 State St. | |
| 9 | Hardin | Hardin | Mar 31, 1916 | $7,500 | 419 N. Custer Ave. | |
| 10 | Havre | Havre | Mar 14, 1913 | $12,000 | 447 4th Ave. 48°32′57″N 109°40′35″W﻿ / ﻿48.54917°N 109.67639°W﻿ / 48.54917; -109.67639﻿ (Carnegie Public Library) | Now the Old Library Art Gallery |
| 11 | Kalispell | Kalispell | Dec 21, 1901 | $10,000 | 302 2nd Ave. E. | Now the Hockaday Museum of Art |
| 12 | Lewistown | Lewistown | Jan 19, 1905 | $10,000 | 701 W. Main St. 47°3′41″N 109°25′47″W﻿ / ﻿47.06139°N 109.42972°W﻿ / 47.06139; -109.42972﻿ (Lewistown Carnegie Library) | Completed in 1906, opened in 1907 |
| 13 | Livingston | Livingston | Mar 20, 1903 | $10,000 | 228 W. Callender St. | Opened October 1904 |
| 14 | Malta | Malta | Feb 3, 1917 | $15,000 | S. 1st St. 48°21′35″N 107°52′34″W﻿ / ﻿48.35972°N 107.87611°W﻿ / 48.35972; -107.87611﻿ (Phillips County Carnegie Library) | Now a museum |
| 15 | Miles City | Miles City | Jul 16, 1901 | $10,000 | 1 S. 10th St. | |
| 16 | Missoula | Missoula | Jan 13, 1903 | $12,500 | 335 N. Pattee St. 46°52′21″N 113°59′29″W﻿ / ﻿46.87250°N 113.99139°W﻿ / 46.87250; -113.99139﻿ (Missoula Carnegie Public Library) | Now the Missoula Art Museum |
| 17 | Red Lodge | Red Lodge | Jun 11, 1914 | $15,000 | 3 W. 8th St. | |
# Robert Austerlitz

Robert Paul Austerlitz (December 13, 1923 – September 9, 1994) was a Romanian-American linguist. Born in Bucharest, he emigrated to the United States in 1938. In June 1950, he received a Master of Arts from Columbia University, where he studied under André Martinet. With funding from the Ford Foundation, he studied the Uralic and Altaic languages at the University of Helsinki from 1951 to 1953 and Nivkh and Hokkaido at the University of Tokyo from 1953 to 1954.

## Life

He earned his doctorate from the Department of Uralic and Altaic languages at Columbia University in December 1955. Afterwards, he returned to Japan to study the languages Nivkh, Orok, and Ainu, this time with funding from both the Ford Foundation and the American Philosophical Society. He also conducted research in Finland, funded by the New York Botanical Garden.
He became Assistant Professor of Linguistic and Uralic Studies at Columbia University in 1958 and Associate Professor from 1962 to 1965. Between 1960 and 1965, together with Uriel Weinreich, William Diver, and André Martinet, he was co-editor of the journal Word. In 1965, he became Professor of Linguistic and Uralic Studies at Columbia, where he served as President of the Department of Linguistics for the following three years.
In 1961, with funding from a National Science Foundation grant to Michael Krauss, Austerlitz conducted approximately one month of field work with the Eyak language, resulting in a collection of at least eight recordings and approximately 600 pages of manuscript notes, now housed at the Alaska Native Language Archive.
In 1965, with funding from Indiana University, he researched the Hungarian language by invitation of the Institute for Cultural Relations, located in Budapest, Hungary. He was visiting professor at eight universities, including Yale, Helsinki, and the University of California at Berkeley.
He was Councilor of the Interlingua Institute, which funded and promoted Interlingua, from 1975 until his death in 1994. In 1990, he became President of the Linguistic Society of America. In the summer of 1994, shortly before his death, he received an honorary doctorate from the University of Helsinki. He was elected a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1991. In 1992, Austerlitz published dictations from recordings of Nivkh shaman Chiyo Nakamura (1903–1969), done during his stay in Japan in the 1950s.

## Publications

His publications include the books Ob-Ugric metrics: The metrical structure of Ostyak and Vogul folk-poetry (1958) and Finnish reader and glossary (1963). He was co-editor of Readings in linguistics II (1966) with Eric P. Hamp and Fred W. Householder. This volume followed Readings in linguistics (1958), edited by Martin Joos.
# Study Club fire

The Study Club fire killed 22 people and injured over 50 in a Detroit, Michigan dance hall on September 20, 1929.
The club was located in the old theater district, at 65 East Vernor Highway, in Detroit. Until the fire, the Study Club operated as a speakeasy nightclub, where alcohol was being illegally sold during Prohibition. The fire is a historic case study of disasters in nightclubs, specifically dealing with hazards of flammable materials.

## Prohibition

The Study night club was not a typical nightclub by modern standards. It consisted of three floors of varied usage and was constructed from a three-story retrofitted mansion. The first floor was a kitchen, and the second floor was a restaurant and dance floor. During the 1920s and early 1930s, Prohibition banned the sale, transportation, and distribution of alcohol in the US. The Study Club was widely known to serve alcohol illegally. The Study Club operated under the principle that everything was fixed (which implied law enforcement non-interference with the selling of alcohol). Police officers were indeed consistent club patrons and allowed the club to operate in illegal premises.

## Fire

The fire occurred on Friday, September 20, 1929. The official cause of the fire was not determined. It is assumed the fire was caused by a discarded cigarette in the stairwell, which was lined with flammable draperies and decorations, that led to the second floor. The owner of the building believed the fire to be the result of a bomb. The stairwell was the only means of egress for the second-floor patrons. Over 20 people were killed and 55 injured. Some patrons managed to find their way to the roof and escaped by jumping from the building, many of them suffering broken legs. Bandleader Al Handler helped get several people out a second-floor window, then followed. Others seeking safety fled to dressing rooms in the building and were found there after the fire. It was reported by survivors that some patrons thought the fire was part of the dancing act. Most windows were blocked with boards and were inaccessible even to firefighters. The majority of those who died were in their 30s. Most deaths were attributed to suffocation and asphyxiation from toxic fumes emitted from the burning debris, rather than the actual heat from the flames. After the fire, the building's interior was completely destroyed while the exterior appeared undamaged apart from broken windows. The fire escape along the side of the structure was apparently inaccessible and proved useless to trapped patrons. Some estimates reported financial losses to be over US$35,000 (~US$598,000 in 2022).

## Aftermath

With several more severe fires subsequent to this, the Study nightclub fire has largely gone unreported in peer-assessed literature, with the exception that it serves to illustrate fires caused by flammable materials such as decorations. The National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) considers the fire and loss of life significant in its list of historic fires.
# Renata Flores

Renata Flores Rivera is a Peruvian singer, made famous in South America by a viral Quechua cover of Michael Jackson's "The Way You Make Me Feel", released in 2015.

## Career

Flores began studying Quechua at the age of 13, and, growing in fluency, continued to do so at university. She translated "The Way You Make Me Feel" with help from Ada, her 72-year-old grandmother. In 2014, she participated in "The Voice Kids Peru", a Peruvian talent show. She went on to release several original trap songs in her ancestral language of Quechua, the lyrics often addressing issues faced by indigenous communities in Peru.
In March 2021, Flores released her first album, Isqun, largely in Quechua. She also appeared (again speaking Quechua) in adverts for a perfume brand. In 2024, she acted in the drama film Tattoos in Memory directed by Luis Llosa.

## Singles
### As lead artist

| Title | Year | Album |
| Mirando la Misma Luna | 2018 | Single |
| Miradas | 2018 | Single |
| Tijeras | 2018 | Single |
| Qam Hina | 2019 | Single |
# Mark Chamberlain (cricketer)

Mark Chamberlain (born 12 May 1961) is a New Zealand former cricketer. He played in one first-class match for Canterbury in 1988/89.
# Godbeast Megazord: Return of Green Dragon

Godbeast Megazord: Return of Green Dragon is a 2016 Chinese animated fantasy adventure film directed by Zhu Xiaobing and Huang Yiqing. The film serves as a sequel for the TV Series Godbeast Megazord, and was released in China by Pearl River Pictures on 15 September 2016.

## Plot

The Curse Emperor, who has always coveted the earth's water resources, summoned the ancient behemoth on earth, the Fat Beast, and launched a larger-scale plundering offensive. However, the five members of the Divine Beast Team, the Blue Flame Dragon Superman Ye Hui, the Golden Fire Scale Superman Lin Cong, the Silver Sky Tiger Superman Zhang Li, the Red Phoenix Superman Zhao Yan and the Green Xuanwu Superman Chen Feng each showed their magical powers and started a new round of battle.

## Cast

* Huang Jian
* Li Zhongxin
* Xie Ansheng
* Zefei
* Chen Caiyu

## Reception

The film has grossed CN¥6.1 million at the Chinese box office.
# Pseudobutyrivibrio

Pseudobutyrivibrio is a Gram-negative, anaerobic and non-spore-forming bacterial genus from the family of Lachnospiraceae.
Pseudobutyrivibrio as Gram-negative, is in contrast to Butyrivibrio, which is Gram-positive, as is typical of most Bacillota phylum bacteria.

## Phylogeny

The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) and National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI)
| 16S rRNA based LTP_10_2024 | 120 marker proteins based GTDB 09-RS220 |
| Pseudobutyrivibrio P. ruminis van Gylswyk, Hippe & Rainey 1996 P. xylanivorans Kopecny et al. 2003 | Pseudobutyrivibrio P. ruminis P. xylanivorans |
# Madeleine Axford

Madeleine 'Maddie' Axford (born 28 March 2003) is a field hockey player from England.

## Personal life

Madeleine Axford was born and raised in Bedford, England. She is the youngest of three siblings, with her brother, Charlie, and sister, Kate, also playing field hockey at a junior level for England.
She currently studies at the University of Nottingham, and is an alumnus of Bedford Girls' School.

## Career
### Under–21

In 2021, Axford was named in the England U–21 squad for the FIH Junior World Cup in Potchefstroom. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the competition was later postponed resulting in squad changes, however Axford retained her place in the side. At the delayed event, she helped the team to England's first ever bronze medal. Later that year she represented the team again at the EuroHockey U–21 Championship in Ghent.
In 2023, Axford represented the English U–21 side again. She featured in the fourth-place finish at the FIH Junior World Cup in Santiago.

### Senior national squad

Axford received her maiden call up to the senior national squad in early 2025. She travelled with the team to India for the second away leg of the 2024–25 FIH Pro League. She earned her first international cap during a match against India in Bhubaneswar.
# Open kinetic chain exercises

Open chain exercises (OKE) are exercises that are performed where the hand or foot is free to move. The opposite of OKE are closed kinetic chain exercises (CKE). Both are effective for strengthening and rehabilitation objectives. Closed-chain exercises tend to offer more "functional" athletic benefits because of their ability to recruit more muscle groups and require additional skeletal stabilization.

## Properties

Single-joint versions of these exercises are typically non-weight bearing, with the movement occurring at the hinge joints (elbow or knee). If there is any weight applied, it is often applied to the distal portion of the limb. Open chain exercises are postulated to be advantageous in rehabilitation settings because they can be easily manipulated to selectively target specific muscles, or specific heads of certain muscles, more effectively than their closed chain counterparts, at different phases of contraction.

## Open kinetic chain upper body exercises

* Biceps curl
* Lying triceps extensions
* Bench press

## Open kinetic chain lower body exercises

* Leg extension
* Leg curl
# Bay-Abi

Bay-Abi (April 22, 1957-1984) was a bay Arabian stallion who was a foundation sire of Varian Arabians, and national halter champion. He was sired by Errabi, out of Angyl.

## Ancestry

Bay-Abi was by Errabi, and out of Angyl, who was a national US Top Ten Halter Mare.
Errabi was a champion stud who was killed at the age of 7. Through his damsire, Bay-Abi was a grandson of the Skowronek son Raseyn, who was part of a large shipment of horses that Carl Raswan, previously Carl Schmidt, purchased from Lady Wentworth of the Crabbet Arabian Stud for W.K. Kellogg's new ranch in Pomona, California.
Ofir was by Kuhalian-Haifi, a desert-bred stallion who had been imported from the Jauf region of the Arabian peninsula by Prince Roman Sanguszko of the Gumniska Stud. His first foal crop produced three Arabian sires of significance including: Witez II, Witraz (sire of Bask), and Wielki Szlem, a notable broodmare sire. Ofir was also among those of the horses of Janow who were taken by the Russians during the Soviet invasion of Poland. Later in his life, Ofir was taken to the Tersk Stud at USSR where he sired Mammona, a dam of significance in numerous Russian bloodlines.
He is 56.25% Crabbet, inheriting the bloodline from both sides.

## Life and career

At the age of 2, Bay-Abi was bought in auction by Sheila Varian, who was taken by his Polish bloodline. She described him by saying, "Bay-Abi was a clown. He was a very sensitive horse whose good spirits were easily wilted with a slap or yell, although it was easy to re-stimulate him with a voice filled with excitement. It got to be the method of correction that when Bay-Abi was naughty I picked a flower and gave him a gentle little smack with it; he always looked at me like I had just shot him, so I didn't play around with the flower smacking that much. It hurt his feelings."
Bay-Abi was trained in halter and performance. He won a championship at the Cow Palace competition in San Francisco at the age of 3, and in 1962 Varian took him to the US Arabian National Championships in Estes Park Colorado where he was named US National Champion Stallion; reportedly unanimous on all three judges’ cards. He was shown in Western and English pleasure two years later, winning U.S. National Top Ten awards. He was later awarded the Legion of Merit.
In all, Bay-Abi sired 275 purebred Arabians, 65 being champions, and 24 going on to become national winners. One of his most prominent included Bay El Bey, who was said to have changed the Arabian horse breed in America. He also the sire to most of the mare Ronteza's offspring. Ronteza was a foundation broodmare for Varian Farms.
Bay-Abi died at the age of 27.
# Lou Jones (athlete)

Louis Woodard Jones (January 15, 1932 – February 3, 2006) was an American athlete. He won a gold medal in the 4x400 m relay at the 1956 Summer Olympics.
Born in New Rochelle, New York, Jones graduated from Manhattan College in 1954. He won the 400 m at the 1955 Pan-American Games, where he set a new world record of 45.4. He was also a member of the gold medal-winning American 4 × 400 m relay team.
Just four months before the Melbourne Olympics, Jones broke his own 400 m world record, clocking 45.2 at the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum in the US Olympic Trials, thus becoming a main favorite at this event in Melbourne. But in the Olympic 400 m final, Jones was off form, and managed to finish only in a disappointing fifth place, 1.50 seconds behind teammate Charles Jenkins. A few days later, Jones partly compensated for his disappointment, running the second leg in the gold medal-winning American 4 × 400 m relay team.
# Kevan James

Kevan David James (born 18 March 1961) is an English former first-class cricketer who spent most of his career with Hampshire whom he won the NatWest Trophy and Benson & Hedges Cup with in the early 1990s.
He born at Lambeth in 1961 and educated at the Edmonton County School, in the London Borough of Enfield.
A middle-order batsman and left-arm seam bowler, he toured Australia and the West Indies with Young England before forging a successful career with Hampshire. He also played some first-class cricket for Wellington in New Zealand. James is perhaps best known for a game against the Indians in 1996 when he took a record equaling four wickets in four balls, and followed it up with a hundred later in the match. These Indian wickets included Sachin Tendulkar and Rahul Dravid. The Cricinfo report from the match claimed that no-one, in the history of cricket, had taken four wickets in four balls and scored a hundred in the same game. The second player to have accomplished a 4-in-4 and a century was Kelly Smuts, for Eastern Province (EP) against Boland at Paarl in 2015–16.
His brother, Martin, played List A cricket for Hertfordshire.
Since at least 2003, James has been reporting on Hampshire for BBC Radio Solent and is currently the lead Hampshire commentator for the BBC's ball-by-ball radio coverage of county cricket. He's also well known for his big deep booming voice.
# Jack Spratt (fictional detective)

John Reginald "Jack" Spratt, Detective Inspector, Nursery Crime Division, Oxford and Berkshire Constabulary, Officer Number 8216. Jack Spratt is the protagonist in a series of alternate history science fiction fantasy novels by Jasper Fforde. He was named after the character from the English nursery rhyme. As revealed in The Big Over Easy, for example, he hates eating fat, and was once married to a woman who ate nothing else (hence, she died).

## Character

Spratt is an obvious satire on the general detective stereotype. Whereas famous detectives such as Sam Spade, Philip Marlowe and Sherlock Holmes have been portrayed as confident, successful, substance-abusing loners, Spratt does not have a substance abuse problem, and is happily married with five children. In addition, he is shown in the beginning of The Big Over Easy to be an experienced and accomplished police detective, but low on self-confidence, virtually incapable of securing convictions and never recognized for the ones he does make. The reason for this is that police funding is based on public approval, which is in turn influenced by the news magazine Amazing Crime Stories. This enormously popular "true crime" magazine prints glamorous police cases—usually involving noir clichés like secret societies, mafia assassins and baffling, meticulously planned murders—that are allegedly true and unedited, but actually largely fabricated. It is revealed that early on in Spratt's career, his ambitious and self-obsessed partner Friedland Chymes stole most of the credit for their greatest cases, thereby rising to the top to become one of the most popular detectives in England. Jack, being totally honest and unwilling to cater the media's demand for glamorous hero detectives, was unable or unwilling to stand up for himself; Friedland and Jack have been enemies since. However, as the story progresses it becomes clear that Jack is not only honest, but highly intelligent and a much better detective than Chymes.
Spratt is a Detective Inspector with the Reading, Berkshire "Nursery Crimes Division", with his assistant Sergeant Mary Mary (another nursery rhyme character).

## History

Spratt and Mary were originally introduced into the alternate Fforde universe in the Thursday Next novel The Well of Lost Plots (2003) before taking over their own "Nursery Crimes" series:
* The Big Over Easy (2005)
* The Fourth Bear (2006)
# List of Carnegie libraries in North Carolina

The following list of Carnegie libraries in North Carolina provides detailed information on United States Carnegie libraries in North Carolina, where 10 public libraries were built from 9 grants (totaling $165,696) awarded by the Carnegie Corporation of New York from 1901 to 1917. In addition, academic libraries were built at 6 institutions (totaling $127,868).

## Key

Building still operating as a library  Building standing, but now serving another purpose  Building no longer standing  Building listed on the National Register of Historic Places  Building contributes to a historic district on the National Register of Historic Places

## Public libraries

| | Library | City or town | Date granted | Grant amount | Location | Notes |
| 1 | Andrews | Andrews | Apr 13, 1914 | $5,000 | | Demolished in 1979 to make room for a new library. |
| 2 | Charlotte | Charlotte | Mar 12, 1901 | $40,000 | 310 N. Tryon St. | Demolished in 1954. New library building opened on the same site in 1956 and a third in 1989. |
| 3 | Durham | Durham | Sep 14, 1917 | $32,000 | 311 E. Main St. | Closed in 1980. Building was renovated in 1984 and now houses offices. |
| 4 | Greensboro Main | Greensboro | Apr 26, 1902 | $40,446 | | |
| 5 | Greensboro Carnegie Branch | Greensboro | Apr 26, 1902 | — | 900 E. Washington St. | Carnegie Negro Library, built 1924, now part of Bennett College campus |
| 6 | Hendersonville | Hendersonville | May 2, 1911 | $10,000 | 4th Ave. and King St. | Closed in 1970, now houses the Henderson County Partnership for Economic Development. |
| 7 | Hickory | Hickory | May 3, 1917 | $13,250 | 415 1st Ave. NW | Closed in 1952 |
| 8 | Murphy | Murphy | May 15, 1916 | $7,500 | 87 Peachtree St. | Now a museum |
| 9 | Rutherford College | Rutherford College | Feb 21, 1907 | $2,500 | | |
| 10 | Winston-Salem | Winston-Salem | Feb 12, 1903 | $15,000 | 211 W. 3rd St. | Closed 1954, now a church |

## Academic libraries

| | Institution | Locality | Year granted | Grant amount | Location | Notes |
| 1 | Biddle University | Charlotte | Dec 23, 1905 | $12,500 | 100 Beatties Ford Rd. | Closed in 1969, now houses student services |
| 2 | Davidson College | Davidson | Apr 18, 1905 | $20,000 | 101 Dormitory Dr. | Built 1910, closed in 1941, now college guesthouse |
| 3 | Guilford College | Greensboro | Apr 30, 1908 | $9,000 | 5800 W. Friendly Ave. | Built in 1910 |
| 4 | Livingstone College | Salisbury | Mar 15, 1905 | $12,500 | 701 W. Monroe St. | Built in 1908 |
| 5 | State Normal and Industrial College (now UNC Greensboro) | Greensboro | Feb 4, 1904 | $18,868 | 401 College Ave. | Closed c.1950, now the Forney Building, houses IT services |
| 6 | University of North Carolina | Chapel Hill | Mar 21, 1905 | $55,000 | | Closed in 1929, now called Hill Hall, music department facilities |