OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Etymology of Wales

This article describes the etymology of Wales, a country of the United Kingdom.

## Origins

The English words "Wales" and "Welsh" derive from the same Old English root (singular Wealh, plural Wēalas), a descendant of Proto-Germanic *Walhaz, which was itself derived from the name of the Gaulish people known to the Romans as Volcae and which came to refer indiscriminately to inhabitants of the Western Roman Empire. The Old English-speaking Anglo-Saxons came to use the term to refer to the Britons in particular; the plural form Wēalas evolved into the name for their territory, Wales. The modern names for various Romance-speaking regions in Continental Europe (e.g. Wallonia, Wallachia, Wallis; Włochy, the Polish name for Italy; Welschland, the German name for the French-speaking part of Switzerland) have a similar etymology.
Historically in Britain, the words were not restricted to modern Wales or to the Welsh but were used to refer to anything that the Anglo-Saxons associated with the Britons, including other non-Germanic territories in Britain (e.g. Cornwall) and places in Anglo-Saxon territory associated with Britons (e.g. Walworth in County Durham and Walton in West Yorkshire).

## Other names

The modern Welsh name for themselves is Cymry, and Cymru is the Welsh name for Wales. These words (both of which are pronounced) are descended from the Brythonic word combrogi, meaning "fellow-countrymen". In Welsh literature, the word Cymry was used throughout the Middle Ages to describe the Welsh, though the older, more generic term Brythoniaid continued to be used to describe any of the Britonnic peoples (including the Welsh) and was the more common literary term until c. 1200. Thereafter Cymry prevailed as a reference to the Welsh. Until c. 1560 the word was spelt Kymry or Cymry, regardless of whether it referred to the people or their homeland. There have been discussions on whether Cymru should be used instead of Wales to refer to the country in English.
The Latinised forms of these names, Cambrian, Cambric and Cambria, survive as lesser-used alternative names for Wales, Welsh and the Welsh people. Examples include the Cambrian Mountains (which cover much of Wales and gave their name to the Cambrian geological period), the newspaper Cambrian News, and the organisations Cambrian Airways, Cambrian Railways, Cambrian Archaeological Association and the Royal Cambrian Academy of Art. Outside Wales, a related form survives as the name Cumbria in North West England, which was once a part of Yr Hen Ogledd. The Cumbric language, which is thought to have been closely related to Welsh, was spoken in this area until becoming extinct around the 12th century.
# Clarkson–Legg Covered Bridge

The Clarkson–Legg Covered Bridge, more simply known as Clarkson Covered Bridge, is a county-owned wooden covered bridge that spans Crooked Creek in Cullman County, Alabama, United States. It is located at Clarkson Covered Bridge Park on County Road 1043 (CR 1043) off U.S. Route 278 near the community of Bethel, about 8 mi (13 km) west of Cullman.
Originally built in 1904, the 270-foot (82 m) bridge (although some other sources say the bridge is only 250 ft long) is a Town lattice truss construction over four spans. The Clarkson–Legg Covered Bridge was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on June 25, 1974. It is currently the second longest existing historic covered bridge in Alabama and third longest overall in the state after the 334-foot (102 m) Twin Creek Covered Bridge in Midway, Alabama and 324-foot (99 m) Swann Covered Bridge in Cleveland, Alabama. The bridge is maintained by the Cullman County Commission.

## History

The Clarkson–Legg Covered Bridge was constructed over Crooked Creek in 1904 on property owned by local mail carrier James W. Legg at the cost of $1,500. It was originally named the Legg Covered Bridge after the landowner, who saw the need for transportation improvement in the area and even supplied much of the materials. A flood destroyed half of the bridge in 1921. Most of the pieces were recovered downstream, and the bridge was able to be rebuilt the following year, with help from a contractor hired by Cullman County, also at a cost of $1,500. The covered bridge remained in service to motor traffic until 1962, when it was bypassed by a nearby concrete bridge. As part of the American Bicentennial Project, the Clarkson–Legg Covered Bridge was restored by the Cullman County Commission in 1975, along with a gristmill and log cabin also located at Clarkson Covered Bridge Park. A number of activities are now held at the park, including an annual event by the county called Old-Fashioned Days.
On Christmas Day of 2015, many of the paths and walkways within Clarkson Covered Bridge Park were damaged due to flooding after 8 in (20 cm) of rain fell in a 24-hour period. The covered bridge itself was unharmed. Although the flood was not as significant as the one which occurred in 1921, it did require the park to be closed to the public while repairs were made. The park reopened on January 13, 2016.

## Civil War events

During the American Civil War, skirmishes at Crooked Creek and Hog Mountain occurred on April 30, 1863, in the vicinity of where the Clarkson–Legg Covered Bridge currently stands. It was part of a series of engagements which took place throughout Cullman County that day as a band of men led by Union Army Colonel Abel Streight were being pursued by forces led by Confederate Army General Nathan Bedford Forrest. This was due to a result of a failed attempt (later known as Streight's Raid) by Colonel Streight's group to cut off the Western & Atlantic Railroad, in Middle Tennessee, which was supplying Confederate Army forces commanded by General Braxton Bragg.
# Dajinzhong Road station

Dajinzhong Road Station (simplified Chinese: 大金钟路站; traditional Chinese: 大金鐘路站; Cantonese Yale: Dǎaigāmjūnglou Jaahm; lit. 'Big Gold Clock Road station') is a station on Line 11 of the Guangzhou Metro. It started operations on 28 December 2024. It is located underground at the intersection of Jingyun Road, Fuyue Street and Hetian Road in Baiyun District.

## Station Layout

| G | - | Exits B & C |
| L1 | Lobby | Ticket Machines, Customer Service, Shops, Police Station, Safety Facilities |
| L2 | Mezzanine | Station Equipment |
| L3 Platforms | Platform 1 | 11 Outer Circle (Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine) |
| Island platform, doors will open on the left ||
| L3 Platforms | Platform 2 | 11 Inner Circle (Yuntai Garden) |

## Exits

| Exit letter | Exit letter | Exit letter | Gallery | Exit location | Nearby |
| B | B | B | | Hetian Road | Fuyue Street, Baiyun Hospital, Guangdong Provincial Second Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dajinzhong Road Public Bus Stop (Northbound), Dajinzhong Road Public Bus Stop (Southbound Stands 1 and 2) |
| C | C | C | | Hetian Road | Fuyue Street, Keziling (Metro Dajinzhong Road Station) Coach Terminal |

## History

The station construction site was enclosed in August 2017, the construction of the diaphragm wall of the main envelope structure was completed on 12 June 2020, and the main structure was capped in November 2021.
This station was called Jingtaihang Station when it was originally planned for the Big and Small Ring Lines, and later called Daijinzhong Station during planning and construction. In June 2023, the initial name of the stations of Line 11 was announced, and this station will still maintain its current name. Due to the fact that "Dajinzhong" is said to be easily confused with the area of the Dajinzhong Reservoir 3 km away, the name of the station received a lot of feedback during the publicity period. In May 2024, Guangzhou Metro Group declared that the station should be named Dajinzhong Road Station, which was eventually approved.
On 3 July 2024, the station completed the "three powers" transfer. On December 28, the station was put into use with the opening of Line 11.

## Gallery

* Concourse
* Platform 2 (Inner Circle platform)
* Platform 1 panorama
# Michael Dann

Michael Harold Dann (September 11, 1921 – May 27, 2016) was an American television executive.
Dann was vice president of programming at CBS from 1963 to 1970, having worked there since leaving NBC in the late 1950s. He took a pragmatic approach to programming, opting not to enforce a personal vision for the network other than to try to get more viewers without regard to key demographics. To this effect, he commissioned a number of rural sitcoms for the network (a format he personally hated) and, in 1967, canceled all of the network's profitable, but low-rated, prime time game shows. He believed in the notions of hammocking and tent-pole programming, in which a new or struggling sitcom could be made more successful by putting more successful shows before and after it. Many of Dann's approaches to programming would be reversed when Fred Silverman replaced Dann in 1970; Silverman orchestrated the "rural purge" and took the network into a more urban-oriented direction.
After leaving CBS, Dann joined the upstart Children's Television Workshop, where he spearheaded the Sesame Street international co-productions. In 1977, Dann was recruited to program the experimental interactive television system, QUBE
Dann's career with CBS is chronicled in Les Brown's book, Televi$ion: The Business Behind The Box.
He was born in Detroit, Michigan in September 1921. Dann died in May 2016 at the age of 94.
# Yuntai Garden station

Yuntai Garden Station (simplified Chinese: 云台花园站; traditional Chinese: 雲台花園站; Cantonese Yale: Wàntòifāyùn Jaahm) is a station on Line 11 of the Guangzhou Metro. It started operations on 28 December 2024. It is located underground outside the intersection of Guangyuan Road Middle and Luhu Road in Yuexiu District.

## Station Layout

| G | - | Exits A, C1, C2, E |
| L1 | Lobby | Ticket Machines, Customer Service, Shops, Police Station, Safety Facilities, Restroom, Baby Care |
| L2 Platforms | Platform 1 | 11 Outer Circle (Dajinzhong Road) |
| Island platform, doors will open on the left ||
| L2 Platforms | Platform 2 | 11 Inner Circle (Shahe) |

## Exits

| Exit letter | Exit letter | Exit letter | Exit location | Nearby |
| A | A | A | Guangyuan Road Middle | Luhu Road, Yuntai Garden Public Bus Stop (Eastbound Stands 3 and 4) |
| C1 | C1 | C1 | Guangyuan Road Middle | Luhu Road, Yuntai Garden Public Bus Stop (Eastbound Stand 2) |
| C2 | C2 | C2 | Guangyuan Road Middle | Yunshan Road South, Yuntai Garden, Baiyun Mountain Cableway, Yunluo Botanical Garden, Baiyun Mountain South Gate, Baiyun Evening Look, Peak Square, Kexiu Lawn, Nengren Temple, Tiannan First Peak, Mingchun Valley, Yuntai Garden Public Bus Stop (Westbound) |
| E | E | E | Guangyuan Road Middle | Hengzhigang Road |

## Usage

This station is the closest metro station to Yuntai Garden and Baiyun Mountain Scenic Area, attracting a large number of tourists to and from the scenic spot. In the early days of the opening of Line 11, Yuntai Garden Station was the station with the highest number of people entering the station.

## History

In 2010, the station appeared on Line 11 in the plan and was finally implemented, and the initial plan was to set up at the main entrance of Yuntai Garden. During the EIA announcement of Line 11, the proximity of the station to Baiyun Mountain, and the need to cross Baiyun Mountain between the station and Dajinzhong Road Station, caused concern among citizens and environmental groups. In order to reduce the impact of the subway on Baiyun Mountain, Line 11 adjusted the original Baiyun Mountain base section to the south to cross under Guangyuan Road in the follow-up planning, and the location of the station was also moved 150 meters south from the main entrance of Yuntai Garden to the bottom of Guangyuan Road.
The station entered the substantive construction phase on 5 March 2017, and the diaphragm wall construction was completed on 12 November 2018. On 28 November 2019, the main structure of the station was topped out, making it the first topped-out station on Line 11. On 3 July 2024, the site completed the "three powers" transfer. On 28 December 2024, the station was put into use with the opening of Line 11.

## Gallery

* Concourse
* Platform 2 (Inner Circle platform)
* Platform 1 panorama
* Station site (May 2023)
# Thomas McDonell

Thomas Hunter Campbell McDonell (born May 2, 1986) is an American actor. He is known for his role as Finn Collins on the CW post-apocalyptic series The 100.

## Early life

McDonell was born and raised in Manhattan, New York, and attended boarding school in Andover, Massachusetts. He graduated from New York University. His mother, Joanie, who is of Jewish descent, is a writer, and his father, Terry McDonell, is editor of Sports Illustrated. His brother is writer Nick McDonell.

## Career

McDonell starred as Finn Collins in the post-apocalyptic show The 100. He also played a role in The Forbidden Kingdom, and in Twelve. McDonell played the main role in 2011 teen film Prom as Jesse Richter. He has guest-starred in Suburgatory as Scott Strauss, Tessa's boyfriend. He is the lead singer and guitarist for the band Moon. As a visual artist, McDonell has exhibited his own work internationally, and has curated several exhibitions including a tunnel exhibit at the historic Southwest Museum site in Los Angeles, a video art show at a Best Buy in New York, and a monochrome painting exhibition at the ArcLight Hollywood movie theater complex. His conceptual fashion editorials and photographs have been published in print and online in magazines including the Marfa Journal, Buffalo Zine, Teen Vogue, and F Magazine.

## Personal life

Since 2011, McDonell has been in a relationship with actress Jane Levy. In June 2024, the couple revealed that they were expecting their first child.

## Filmography
### Film

| Year | Title | Roles |
| 2008 | The Forbidden Kingdom | Young Southie |
| 2010 | Twelve | Kid in plaid tie |
| 2011 | Prom | Jesse Richter |
| 2012 | Fun Size | Aaron Riley |
| 2014 | Where the Devil Hides | Trevor |
| 2014 | I'm Obsessed with You | Freddie Diaz |
| 2014 | 10 Things I Hate About Life | Unknown role |
| 2022 | Simchas and Sorrows | Levi |

### Television

| Year | Title | Roles | Notes |
| 2010 | Law & Order: Criminal Intent | Eddie Boyle | Episode: "Broad Channel" |
| 2012–2013 | Suburgatory | Scott Strauss | Recurring role (season 1-2) |
| 2014–2015 | The 100 | Finn Collins | Main cast (seasons 1–2) |
| 2017 | The Long Road Home | Carl Wild | Recurring role (season 1) |
| 2018 | LA to Vegas | Justin | Episode: "Things to Do in Vegas When You're Grounded" |
| 2018 | Good Girls | Brian | Season 1, episode 5: "Taking Care of Business" |
| 2021 | Zoey's Extraordinary Playlist | Barnaby Steele | Season 2, episode 9: "Zoey's Extraordinary Mystery" |

### Music videos

| Year | Title | Artist | Ref. |
| 2011 | "Your Surrender" (Prom version) | Neon Trees | |
| 2012 | "This Kiss" | Carly Rae Jepsen | |
# CrateDB

CrateDB is a distributed SQL database management system that integrates a fully searchable document-oriented data store. It is open-source, written in Java, based on a shared-nothing architecture, and designed for high scalability. CrateDB includes components from Trino, Lucene, Elasticsearch and Netty.

## History

The CrateDB project was started by Christian Lutz, Bernd Dorn, and Jodok Batlogg in Dornbin, Austria as an open source, clustered database purposedly built for fast text search and analytics.
The company, now called Crate.io, raised its first round of financing in April 2014. In June that year, CrateDB won the judge's choice award at the GigaOm Structure Launchpad competition. In October, CrateDB won the TechCrunch Disrupt Europe in London.
Crate.io closed a $4M founding round in March 2016. In December 2016, CrateDB 1.0 was released having more than one million downloads.
CrateDB 2.0, the first Enterprise Edition of CrateDB, was released in May 2017 after a $2.5M round from Dawn Capital, Draper Esprit, Speedinvest, and Sunstone Capital. In June 2021 Crate.io announced another $10M funding round.
# Kunimitsu Itō

Kunimitsu Itō (伊藤 国光, Itō Kunimitsu, born January 6, 1955 in Ina, Nagano) is a retired long-distance runner from Japan, who finished second in the 1981 edition of the Fukuoka Marathon on December 6, 1981.

## International competitions

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Event | Notes |
| Representing Japan ||||||
| 1975 | Asian Championships | Seoul, South Korea | 1st | 5000 m | 14:00.8 |
| 1979 | Asian Championships | Tokyo, Japan | 2nd | 10,000 m | 29:00.2 |
| 1981 | Asian Championships | Tokyo, Japan | 1st | 10,000 m | 28:53.29 |
| 1983 | World Championships | Helsinki, Finland | 28th | 10,000 m | 29:49.04 |

## Marathons

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Event | Notes |
| 1981 | Fukuoka Marathon | Fukuoka, Japan | 2nd | Marathon | 2:09:37 |
| 1982 | Fukuoka Marathon | Fukuoka, Japan | 4th | Marathon | 2:11:45 |
# Yetta Zwerling

Yetta Zwerling Silverman (December 25, 1894 – January 17, 1982) was a Yiddish movie star during the 1930s and 1940s.

## Early life

Yetta Zwerling was born in Kalievo, near Lemberg, Galicia, Austria-Hungary (present-day Choliv, near Lviv, Ukraine). Her father had a fruit business and was also a klezmer. Her sisters Bessie and Mamie sang in the Yiddish theater chorus and brought Yetta in as well.
She emigrated to the United States with her family, finishing high school there and playing juvenile roles in variety theaters and English-language vaudeville. During her vaudeville years she also sang Yiddish songs like Vu Bistu, Yukel? and Bei Mir Bist du Schoen.

## Career

Her first "legitimate role" in Yiddish theatre was as Hanele in Isidore Zolotarevsky's Der Yeshiva Bokher (Yeshiva student). She toured and ended up in New York, playing Yiddish vaudeville with Sam Klinetsky at the Grand Theater, then doing four years of English-language comedy with Leon Errol and then six seasons in Philadelphia with Anshel Schorr, who improved her Yiddish and gave her the opportunity to play the soubrette opposite, among others, Celia Adler, Samuel Goldenberg, and Boris Thomashevsky. She then played at the National Theater in Student Prince and with Bertha Kalich in Di neshomeh fun a froy (The Soul of a Woman).
She played alongside Yitskhok Feld, Julius Nathanson, Eli Mintz, Isidore Meltzer, Adof Fenigshtayn, Irving Jacobson, later Menasha Skulnik and Leo Fuchs in Yiddish movies such as Motl der opereytor and Ikh vil zayn a mame. Beyond her comic roles, she sang as a soloist and in duets with her partners. She was also noted for her eccentric outfits and jewels.

## Death

In 1982, Yetta Silverman died at Cedar-Sinai Hospital in Los Angeles, California. She was survived by her two sons, Sidney and Arthur Silverman. She was interred at Mount Sinai Memorial Park in Los Angeles.
# Robert Grevett

Robert Gordon Grevett (24 November 1914 – 5 March 2004) was an English cricketer. Grevett was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm off break. He was born at Eastbourne, Sussex.
Grevett made a single first-class appearance for Sussex against Oxford University at The Saffrons, Eastbourne, in 1939. Oxford University won the toss and elected to bat, scoring 178 in their first-innings. In response, Sussex made 169 in their first-innings, with Grevett, who batted at number three, being dismissed for a duck by David Macindoe. Oxford University made 324 in their second-innings, leaving Sussex with a target of 334 to win. However, Sussex could only make 277 in their second-innings chase, with Grevett once again dismissed for a duck, this time off the bowling of Algernon Marsham. This was his only major appearance for Sussex.
He died at Chertsey, Surrey, on 5 March 2004. His uncle, William Grevett, also played a single first-class match for Sussex.
# Liesbeth Vernout

Liesbeth Vernout (born 1958) is a Dutch former cricketer. She played eight Women's One Day International matches for the Netherlands women's national cricket team. She was part of the Netherlands squad for the 1988 Women's Cricket World Cup.
# Sababu

Sababu (transl. Reason) is a 1999 Maldivian drama film directed by Ahmed Nimal. Produced by Aslam Rasheed under Slam Studio, the film stars Ibrahim Giyas, Aishath Shiranee and Ahmed Nimal in pivotal roles.

## Premise

Azim (Ibrahim Giyas) is hired to work as a supervisor in a factory managed by Liusha (Aishath Shiranee). She meets a strange man, Niyaz (Ahmed Nimal) who is smitten by her beauty. One day, he saves Liusha from being sexually abused by her classmate, Mohamed (Mohamed Afrah) though she blamed the whole incident on Niyaz. Later, they reconcile and start a romantic relationship. Complications arise when Azim confesseds his affection towards Liusha and Niyaz decides to sacrifice his love for the sake of his friend's happiness.

## Cast

* Ibrahim Giyas as Azim
* Aishath Shiranee as Liusha
* Ahmed Nimal as Niyaz
* Mariyam Rizla as Mary
* Hamid Wajeeh
* Ajwad Waheed as Aadan
* Mohamed Afrah as Mohamed
* Hassan Shafeeq
# Klaes Karppinen

Klaes Karppinen (also spelled Klaus; 9 October 1907 – 24 January 1992) was a Finnish cross-country skier who competed in the 1930s. He won a gold medal at the 1936 Winter Olympics in Garmisch-Partenkirchen in the 4 × 10 km relay. Karppinen was born in Iisalmi, Finland.
Karppinen's biggest successes were at the Nordic skiing World Championships where he earned 10 medals, including five golds (18 km: 1935, 4 × 10 km relay: 1934, 1935, 1938, 1939) and five silvers (18 km: 1939; 50 km: 1935, 1937, 1939; and 4 × 10 km relay: 1937).

## Cross-country skiing results

All results are sourced from the International Ski Federation (FIS).

### Olympic Games

* 1 medal – (1 gold)
| Year | Age | 18 km | 50 km | 4 × 10 km  relay |
| 1936 | 28 | — | 5 | Gold |

### World Championships

* 10 medals – (5 gold, 5 silver)
| Year | Age | 18 km | 50 km | 4 × 10 km  relay |
| 1934 | 26 | 5 | DNF | Gold |
| 1935 | 27 | Gold | Silver | Gold |
| 1937 | 29 | — | Silver | Silver |
| 1938 | 30 | 14 | 5 | Gold |
| 1939 | 31 | Silver | Silver | Gold |
# You Never Know

You Never Know may refer to:
* You Never Know (musical), 1938
* You Never Know (album), by drummer Peter Erskine featuring pianist John Taylor and bassist Palle Danielsson, 1992
* You Never Know (Ai song), 2019
* You Never Know (Blackpink song), 2020
* You Never Know (George Duke song), 2013
* "You Never Know" (Solid Base song), 1996
* "You Never Know" (Stan Walker song), 2016
* "You Never Know", song by Beartooth from Disease, 2018
* "You Never Know", song by Dave Matthews Band from Busted Stuff, 2002
* "You Never Know", song by Goldfrapp from Supernature, 2005
* "You Never Know", song by Hanson from This Time Around, 2000
* "You Never Know", song by Sara Evans from Slow Me Down, 2014
* You Never Know (film), a 1922 film film with Louis Dumar
# 1880 Wimbledon Championship

The 1880 Wimbledon Championships took place on the outdoor grass courts at the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club in Wimbledon, London, United Kingdom. The tournament ran from 5 July until 15 July. It was the 4th staging of the Wimbledon Championships, and the first Grand Slam tennis event of 1880. There were a total of 60 competitors who entered the tournament a record until the 1904 draw. The admission charge remained at a shilling for the first four days, then raised to half a crown for the latter half of the draw. The final was watched by 1300 spectators. The height of the net was reduced from 4 feet 9 inches (1.45 m) at the posts to 4 feet (1.2 m) and the distance from the service line to the net was reduced from 22 feet (6.7 m) to 21 feet (6.4 m).
Changes to the rules made a service touching the net, but otherwise good, a 'let'; while a player touching the net, or volleying before the ball crossed the net, lost the point. Scoreboards were provided for the first time.

## Singles
### Final

John Hartley defeated Herbert Lawford, 6–3, 6–2, 2–6, 6–3
* This was Hartley's second and last Major.

### All Comers' Final

Herbert Lawford defeated Otway Woodhouse, 7–5, 6–4, 6–0