OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Airbreathing catfish

Airbreathing catfish comprise the family Clariidae of the order Siluriformes. Sixteen genera and about 117 species of clariid fishes are described; all are freshwater species. Other groups of catfish also breathe air, such as the Callichthyidae and Loricariidae.

## Distribution

Although clariids occur in India, Syria, southern Turkey, and large parts of Southeast Asia, their diversity is the largest in Africa.

## Description

Clariid catfish are characterized by an elongated body, the presence of four barbels, long dorsal and anal fins, and especially by the autapomorphic presence of a suprabranchial organ, formed by tree-like structures from the second and fourth gill arches. This suprabranchial organ, or labyrinth organ, allows some species the capability of traveling short distances on land (walking catfish).
The dorsal fin base is very long and is not preceded by a fin spine. The dorsal fin may or may not be continuous with the caudal fin, which is rounded. Pectoral and pelvic fins are variously absent in some species. Some fish have small eyes and reduced or absent pectoral and pelvic fins for a burrowing lifestyle. A few species are blind.
Within the family Clariidae, body forms range from fusiform (torpedo-like) to anguilliform (eel-like). As species become more eel-shaped, a whole set of morphological changes has been observed, such as decrease and loss of the adipose fin, continuous unpaired fins, reduction of paired fins, reduction of the eyes, reduction of the skull bones, and hypertrophied jaw muscles.

## Taxonomy

The Heteropneustidae containing the genus Heteropneustes are considered by some to be a separate family and by others to be a subfamily. With the Heteropneustidae and Clariidae as separate families, a recent paper groups them into a superfamily called the Clarioidea. The relationships of clarioids to other families remains uncertain.

## Relationship to humans

Many clariids form a large part of artisanal fisheries. Clarias gariepinus is recognized as one of the most promising aquaculture species in Africa.
The airbreathing capacity of these fish has allowed such fish as Clarias batrachus to be an invasive species in Florida.
# List of rare disease organisations

This is a list of non-profit organisations working in the area of rare diseases.

## International

* Care-For-Rare Foundation [de]
* ICD coding for rare diseases
* International Coalition of Organizations Supporting Endocrine Patients (ICOSEP)
* Rare Diseases International (RDI)
* International Conference on Rare Diseases & Orphan Drugs (ICORD)
* NGO Committee for Rare Diseases
* Global Commission to End the Diagnostic Odyssey for Children
* Rare Disease Day
* Asia Pacific Alliance of Rare Disease Organisations (APARDO)
* International Rare Diseases Research Consortium (IRDiRC)
* Orphanet
* RareConnect
* APEC LSIF Rare Disease Network
* Indo US Organization for Rare Diseases (IndoUSrare)
* RareGen Youth Network (RareGen)

## Africa

* Foundation for Neuromuscular Support Nigeria
* Rare Diseases Ghana
* Hemophilia Foundation of Nigeria
* Rare Disease Nigeria
* Cardiac Community

## Asia

* Organization for Rare Diseases India
* Pompe Foundation India
* Taiwan Foundation for Rare Disorders (TFRD)
* Hong Kong Alliance for Rare Diseases (HKARD)
* Illness Challenge Foundation (ICF)
* China-Dolls Center for Rare Disorders (CCRD)
* Indian Organisation For Rare Diseases

## Europe

* European Organisation for Rare Diseases (EURORDIS)
* ERA-Net for Research Programmes on Rare Diseases (E-Rare)
* European Union Committee of Experts on Rare Diseases (EUCERD)
* INNOVCare
* RD-Connect (defunct)
* European Platform for Rare Disease Registries (EPIRARE)
* The World Association of Orphan Diseases (WAO(R)D)
* The World Association of Cured Rare Diseases (WACRD)

## Belgium

* Sciensano: Rare diseases
* Rare Disease Day Belgium
* Rare Diseases Belgium

## Germany

* Care-For-Rare Foundation [de]

## United Kingdom

* Niemann-Pick UK
* Rare Disease UK
* Rare Autoinflammatory Conditions Community - UK
* The Aarskog Foundation

## United States

* The National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD) was established in 1983 by individuals and families with rare diseases.
* EveryLife Foundation for Rare Diseases was founded in 2009 and is a nonprofit, nonpartisan organization dedicated to empowering the rare disease patient community to advocate for impactful, science-driven legislation and policy that advances the equitable development of and access to lifesaving diagnoses, treatments and cures.
* Genetic Alliance, established in 1986, lists information and support groups for approximately 1200 rare diseases.
* Global Genes is a US-based, global advocacy organization.
* Office of Rare Diseases Research (ORDR)
* Rare Disease Cures Accelerator-Data and Analytics Platform (RDCA-DAP)
* Rare Kids Network
* Rare & Undiagnosed Network (RUN)
* Swan USA
* Undiagnosed Diseases Network (UDN)
* The Pediatric Foundation for Rare Diseases

## Canada

* The Canadian Organization for Rare Disorders (CORD) is the national network of organizations who represent people affected by rare disorders within Canada. CORD's intention is to provide a strong common voice advocating for a healthcare system and health policy for those with rare disorders.
# Antiophlebia

Antiophlebia is a genus of moths of the family Erebidae, subfamily Calpinae..

## Species

* Antiophlebia bourgognei Laporte, 1975 (syn.jun. of A.bracteata)
* Antiophlebia bracteata Felder, 1874 (from South Africa thru Ethiopia)
* Antiophlebia griveaudi Viette, 1966 (from Madagascar)
# Beatrix Dobie

Beatrix Charlotte Dobie (1887–1944) was a New Zealand landscape artist, most known for her illustrations in the work of conservationist Herbert Guthrie-Smith.
Dobie was born in Whangārei, New Zealand, in 1887. Her father was Herbert Boucher Dobbie, New Zealand amateur botanist and photographer, and her aunt was Mary Dobie. In 1911 she moved to London to study at the Slade School of Art, under Henry Tonks.
During the World War I she volunteered with her sister, Agatha, to become British Red Cross Voluntary Aid Detachment nurses. and was stationed in Malta and worked at a canteen near the No. 3 New Zealand General Hospital near Codford, England.
After the war she returned to live in New Zealand, exhibiting her work at the Canterbury Society of Arts Gallery. During this period she met Herbert Guthrie-Smith and formed the connection that would lead to her providing the illustrations for his book Tutira: the story of a New Zealand sheep station.
In 1926 she toured Africa where she met her future husband, Rene Vernon, an engineer in the French Army. They settled in Tunisia where Dobie continued to paint. She sent her artwork to be exhibited in the Empire Exhibition in 1937.
She died in Tunisia in 1944. Her death was reported in New Zealand in the Auckland Star and Evening Post. The Post described her as a 'notable New Zealand artist' who had held 'an unusual and varied career.' She is known for her post-impressionist paintings of New Zealand landscapes and specifically, horses. Some of her work is held by the Auckland Art Gallery.
# Thiago Romano

Thiago Romano (Greek: Τιάγκο Ρομάνο; born 23 June 2006) is an Argentine-Greek footballer who plays as a winger for Inter.

## Life and career

Romano was born on 23 June 2006 in Buenos Aires, Argentina. He is the son of Argentine footballer Diego Romano. He grew up in Crete, Greece. He mainly operates as a winger. He specifically operates as a left-winger. He can also operate as a midfielder. He is left-footed. He is known for his versatility. He is also known for his dribbling ability. He has received comparisons to Argentine footballer Matías Soulé.
As a youth player, he joined the youth academy of Greek side Panathinaikos. He was described as "went through the ranks to play a leading role with the Athens club's Under 19s" while playing for the club. In 2024, he joined the youth academy of Italian Serie A side Inter. He is an Argentina youth international.
# Rubus coreanus

Rubus coreanus, known as bokbunja (Korean: 복분자), Korean blackberry, or Korean bramble, is a species of raspberry native to Korea, Japan, and China. It produces edible berries (not 'true berries' in the botanical sense) that can be fermented into bokbunja ju (Korean: 복분자주), a Korean fruit wine (although the majority of fruit commercially grown for producing this drink are actually Rubus occidentalis, native to North America). R. coreanus fruits are usually harvested between the May and July at peak harvest season. They can only be cultivated in a few areas in Korea, different to Rubus occidentalis, which can be cultivated widely across the country.

## Description

Rubus coreanus is a 1–3 m tall shrub.

### Cytology

The chromosome count is 2n = 14.

## Taxonomy

It was published by Friedrich Anton Wilhelm Miquel in 1867.

## Folk medicine use and health claims

Rubus coreanus has been used as traditional alternative medicine, as well as regular food, depending on its ripeness. Various studies are claimed to have demonstrated that fruits of R. coreanus might reduce the risk of diseases, including asthma, allergies, and obesity (unripe fruits) and might be effective in reducing inflammation. They are said to exhibit antioxidative, antipyretic, anticancer, and anti-high cholesterol properties, similar to many other fruits and vegetables.

## Advertised compounds and industrial methods of making plant extracts

R. coreanus is rich in antioxidant compounds. A major active compound in R. coreanus, like in every other raspberry and several other fruits and nuts, is ellagic acid, which in the marketing of Korean raspberry products is especially claimed to possess anti-obesity and antioxidant properties.
Ellagic acid has been marketed as a dietary supplement with various claimed benefits against cancer, heart disease, and other diseases. In the 21st century, numerous U.S.-based supplement companies received FDA warning letters for promoting ellagic acid with false anti-disease claims that violate the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act. Ellagic acid has been identified by the FDA as a "fake cancer 'cure'". There is no scientific evidence to support the claims that ellagic acid can treat or prevent cancer.
Fruit and leave extracts from R. coreanus for products capitalizing on health claims are made by several methods; the most employed being conventional reflux heating or sonication extraction. Both methods share the same pre-preparation stage for samples before extraction. All samples are washed, dried in shade, and ground to a fine powder using a mill. In the reflux method, the ground powder is extracted using a Soxhlet extractor for three hours, with the extracts being filtered and concentrated using a rotary evaporator under a vacuum. In the ultrasonic bath extraction method, samples are extracted with 70% methanol using an ultrasonic bath at 64 °C for 2 h.
# Second Amendment Sisters

Second Amendment Sisters, Inc. (SAS) was a United States women's gun rights advocacy group that supported gun use for self defense and empowerment. According to a 2003 Los Angeles Times article, SAS was founded in December 1999 by five women who were "outraged" by the Million Mom March. The national organization closed in 2015, though individual state chapters continue to operate independently.
# Bob Peeler

Robert Lee "Bob" Peeler (born January 4, 1952) served as the 86th Lieutenant Governor of South Carolina from January 1995 to January 2003. He was the first Republican Lieutenant Governor of South Carolina since Richard Howell Gleaves served during the Reconstruction era.

## Career

Peeler was educated at Limestone College.
In 2002, Peeler ran for governor and was beaten in the primary race runoff by Mark Sanford.
He currently serves on the Clemson University Board of Trustees. Peeler, a 1991 graduate of the school, was elected to the board in 2003. Peeler is currently a manager of Community and Municipal Relations for Waste Management Inc. in Lexington, South Carolina. His family runs a milk industry in Gaffney, South Carolina, and his older brother, Harvey S. Peeler Jr., is a state senator.
# Hunter Gilstrap

Richard Hunter Gilstrap Jr. (born April 17, 1983, in Asheville, North Carolina) is an American retired soccer player. He played professionally in the United States and Africa. He started and operated the Pittsburgh Riverhounds Goalkeeper Academy from 2010 to 2021. He also had collegiate coaching stops at Carnegie Mellon University and the University of Pittsburgh. Gilstrap worked with US Youth National Teams in 2017. After moving on from pro coaching, he started the GK4FREE Podcast. Gilstrap then went on to start and found Pro Player Goalkeeping. Gilstrap has been married since 2015 to Kelly Gilstrap.

## Career
### Youth and amateur

Gilstrap grew up in Lexington, South Carolina, attended Lexington High School, played club soccer for the NECSA (now South Carolina United FC) Galaxy, and played college soccer at Clemson University and at the College of Charleston, where he registered a 1.16 goals allowed average (GAA) and 4 shutouts during his senior season.
During his college years Gilstrap also played with the Greenville Lions in the USL Premier Development League.

### Professional

Gilstrap was drafted with the 13th overall pick in the 2006 USL-1 draft by Miami FC, and spent the season playing in the USL First Division, making five first team appearances and playing in international friendlies against teams from Spain, Brazil and Guatemala.
He transferred to the expansion Cleveland City Stars in 2007, and immediately became a fan-favorite, appearing in 20 regular season games in 2 seasons with the team, and helping them to the USL Second Division championship in 2008.
After spending the 2008-09 USL offseason playing in the South African Premier Soccer League with Maritzburg United, Gilstrap re-signed with Cleveland for a third season on April 22, 2009.
Gilstrap captained the Stars in their first USL First Division campaign in 2009. Despite their last place finish, Gilstrap finished among the top 7 goalkeepers in the league in 4 statistical categories, including saves and shutouts. He was also awarded the Stars' Community Leadership Player of the Year Award for his work with the club and community during the season.
Gilstrap played the 2010 season with the Pittsburgh Riverhounds of the USL Second Division. The team finished in 3rd place after losing to the Richmond Kickers in the semifinals of the USL-2 Playoffs. Gilstrap won the 2010 USL-2 Goalkeeper of the Year Award and was voted First Team All-league for his efforts during the campaign. On February 9, 2011, Gilstrap signed a two-year contract extension with Pittsburgh. On 18 February 2013, Gilstrap signed another 2-year extension to play through with the Riverhounds through the 2014 USL Pro season.
On January 8, 2015, Gilstrap signed with the Carolina RailHawks for the 2015 season.
Gilstrap returned to Pittsburgh on January 7, 2016.
# Tennis at the 2003 Pan American Games

Tennis at the 2003 Pan American Games was played at the Centro Nacional de Tenis.

## Medal summary

| Event: | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| Men ||||
| Men's singles details | Fernando Meligeni Brazil | Marcelo Ríos Chile | José de Armas Venezuela Alex Kim United States |
| Men's doubles details | Santiago González / Alejandro Hernández Mexico | Adrián García / Marcelo Ríos Chile | Cristian Villagrán / Carlos Berlocq Argentina Jeff Morrison / Alex Bogomolov Jr. United States |
| Women ||||
| Women's singles details | Milagros Sequera Venezuela | Sarah Taylor United States | Kristina Brandi Puerto Rico Ansley Cargill United States |
| Women's doubles details | Bruna Colósio / Joana Cortez Brazil | Kristina Brandi / Vilmarie Castellvi Puerto Rico | Yamile Fors Guerra / Yanet Núñez Mojarena Cuba Karin Palme / Melissa Torres Sandoval Mexico |

## Medal table

| Place | Nation | | | | Total |
| 1 | Brazil | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| 2 | Mexico | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| 3 | Venezuela | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| 4 | Chile | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 5 | United States | 0 | 1 | 3 | 4 |
| 6 | Puerto Rico | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| 7 | Argentina | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 8 | Cuba | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Total | Total | 4 | 4 | 8 | 12 |
# Roman Catholic Diocese of Guantánamo-Baracoa

The Diocese of Guantánamo-Baracoa is a particular church of the Latin Church of the Catholic Church, encompassing the municipality of Baracoa and the surrounding Guantánamo Province in Cuba. It was erected 24 January 1998 from the Archdiocese of Santiago de Cuba, to which it suffragan.

## Ordinaries

* Carlos Jesús Patricio Baladrón Valdés (1998 - 2006) - Bishop Emeritus
* Wilfredo Pino Estévez (2006 - 2016), appointed Archbishop of Camagüey
* Silvano Herminio Pedroso Montalvo (2018 -

## External links and references

* Diocesis de Guantanamo Baracoa official site (in Spanish)
* "Diocese of Guantánamo-Baracoa". Catholic-Hierarchy. Retrieved 2007-02-13.
20°08′36″N 75°12′12″W﻿ / ﻿20.1434°N 75.2034°W﻿ / 20.1434; -75.2034
* This article about a Catholic diocese is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Penicillic acid

Penicillic acid is a mycotoxin that is produced by Aspergillus flavus and Penicillium roqueforti mold. It is not a product of acid degradation of penicillin. Its first practical synthesis was reported in 1947 by Ralph Raphael, who had worked on penicillin during World War II.
# Old Colombo Dutch Hospital

The Old Colombo Dutch Hospital (known as The Dutch Hospital) is considered to be the oldest building in the Colombo Fort area dating back to the Dutch colonial era in Sri Lanka. It is now a heritage building and a shopping and dining precinct.

## History
### Dutch Era

Built as a hospital by the Dutch, it has been used for several different purposes, over the years. It is believed to have existed since 1681, as recorded by German Christoper Schweitzer. The Dutch established the Colombo hospital to look after the health of the officers and other staff serving under the Dutch East India Company. The hospital's close proximity to the harbour allowed it to serve Dutch seafarers.
Most patients were provided with a mat, while the most ill were given a mattress. Patients clothing was imported from Tuticorin, India. The surgeon with the longest service at the Colombo hospital was Alleman. Alleman sought to improve conditions at the hospital, including increasing provisions. The most famous of all the surgeons who worked in the Colombo hospital was undoubtedly Paul Hermann, who served from 1672 to 1679. Herman has been described as the father of botany in Sri Lanka.
Paintings from the era show that it once had a canal running along what is now Canal Row lane. This canal was filled in by British colonists after their capture of the city.

### Post Independence

The building was the Colombo Fort Police Station from the early 1980s to 1990s, prior to which it housed the Colombo Apothecaries. It suffered heavy damage in the LTTE attack that followed the Central Bank bombing in 1996.
In 2011, it has been transformed into a shopping and dining precinct, where the historic architecture has been preserved.

## Architecture

The building reflects seventeenth-century Dutch colonial architecture.
The building has five wings forming two courtyards. It is designed to keep out the heat and humidity and provide a comfortable environment within. Like many Colombo Dutch buildings of the era, the walls are 50 cm thick. The structure features massive teak beams. The upper floor is located in the front wing and can be reached with a wooded staircase. This upper storey has a wooden floor. A long open veranda runs along the length of each wing of the building.
Paintings of the front and rear views of the Colombo hospital, done in 1771 by a Dutch artist—presumably Johannes Rach—are preserved in the Koninklijk Instituut voor Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde at Leiden, in the Netherlands. These show that the building has changed little.
The original landscaping has disappeared.
# Wiebke Muhsal

Wiebke Muhsal (born 6 April 1986) is a German politician with the Alternative für Deutschland (AfD). Since 2014, she is a member of the Landtag of Thuringia and deputy chairman of the AfD caucus. She is also her party's critic on family and education policy and is a member of the Parliamentary Committee on Education, Youth and Sports.

## Life and education

Muhsal was raised in Münster and Bad Salzuflen. In 2005 she began studying Jurisprudence at the University of Jena, from which in 2012 she graduated with a Diplom-Juristin degree. After completing her studies, she devoted herself primarily to raising her three sons until her election to the Thuringian Landtag in 2014. Muhsal is married and lives in Jena. She is a practising Roman Catholic.

## Political engagement

Muhsal joined the AfD in November 2013. She is the AfD spokeswoman for the Jena-Gera-Saale-Holzland district, and a member of the working group on family, health, and demography as well as leader of the working group on education, science, and culture. After the 2014 state elections in Thuringia, she was elected to the Thuringian Landtag. In July 2015 she was selected as the state representative for the Young Alternative for Germany.
In 2016, Muhsal wore a Niqab to the Thuringian Landtag (state parliament) in a protest calling for a ban on the face covering.
The Thuringian AfD parliamentary group wants to propose Wiebke Muhsal as a candidate for the office of state parliament president in 2024.

## Positions

Muhsal is primarily interested in education and family policy. She advocates a marriage loan (Ehekredit) for young couples similar to practises in the former GDR and a basic allowance for children (Baukindergeld). She also argued for the preservation of the state education allowance (Landeserziehungsgeld) and stood for a further developing the family allowance. In March 2015 she was the first signatory to the so-called "Erfurt Resolution".

## Conviction for fraud

Wiebke Muhsal predated an employment contract with an employee by two months in 2014 in order to receive additional money from the state parliament administration. According to the court, she used the alleged salary for the employee to finance office equipment, a smartphone and a website.
In June 2015 at the request of the public prosecutor in Erfurt, the Thuringian Landtag lifted the parliamentary immunity on Muhsal to enable a criminal investigation against her. Muhsal denied the allegations and launched a counter-accusation of libel. Erfurt Regional Court sentenced her to a fine of 8,000 euros. The appeal against this was finally dismissed by the Thuringian Higher Regional Court in 2017.

## Links

* Official biography (in German) at the Landtag of Thuringia.