# Chhotu Ram

Sir Chhotu Ram (born Ram Richpal Ohlyan; 24 November 1881 – 9 January 1945) was a prominent Jat politician in British India's Punjab province, an ideologue of the pre-independent India. He was a co-founder of the National Unionist Party which ruled and was promoted by British to counter growing national movements in the united Punjab province in pre-independent India and kept Congress and Muslim League at bay. In 1916, he brought out a weekly newspaper named Indian Gazette, which is still being published today.

## Early life

Chhotu Ram was born as Ram Richpal in a Haryanvi Hindu Jat family in the village of Garhi Sampla, Rohtak district, Punjab Province ( Present day Haryana, India). His parents were Chaudhary Sukhiram Singh Ohlyan and Sarla Devi. He acquired the nickname Chhotu Ram as he was the youngest of his brothers. He was married to a Jat girl of his own caste from Village Kheri Jat, Jhajjar.
Chhotu Ram joined primary school in January 1891, passing out four years later. When he was around eleven years of age he married Giano Devi. He studied for his middle school examination in Jhajjar, 12 miles from his village, then enrolled in the Christian Mission School in Delhi. He passed his intermediate examination in 1903 and proceeded to St. Stephen's College, Delhi from where he graduated in 1905 with a distinction in Sanskrit. Parts of his education were funded by the prominent Jat philanthropist Seth Chhaju Ram.

## Political activities

Sir Chotu's greatest act in his political career was to introduce Punjab Restitution of Mortgage Land Act whereby mortgaged land could be restituted to owner by payment of original debt without further interest, howsoever old the debt was, freeing up the landowners of Punjab from the shackles of moneylenders who could not own land but possessed it by enjoying unfair mortgagee rights.

## Political views

A substantial portion of his salary as minister was set aside for scholarships and stipends for economically poor but bright students. As Punjab's Revenue Minister, he set up the Peasants' Welfare Fund. Future Nobel Prize laureate Abdus Salam was one of the beneficiaries of this Fund.
The enactment of two agrarian laws was primarily due to his contribution. These were the Punjab Relief Indebtedness Act of 1934 and the Punjab Debtor's Protection Act of 1936.
Ram died in Lahore on 9 January 1945. His body was carried back to his home in Rohtak city, where it was cremated at the Jat Heroes Memorial Anglo Sanskrit Senior Secondary School in the presence of thousands of people.

## Monuments and memorials

Ram's place of residence in Rohtak was known as "Prem Nivas" and "Nili Kothi" (English: Blue Bungalow). The chowk (road square) nearest to his house is now known as "Chhotu Ram Chowk" and a Dharamshala exists at the same place in his name. A samadhi (tomb) was created in his memory at the school campus where he was cremated, and there people pay homage on his birthday each year.
Chhotu Ram State College of Engineering College in Murthal (Sonepat District), Haryana, is named after him (the name of the college has since been changed to Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of Science and Technology abbreviated as DCRUST, after it got the University Status in 2006).
Sir Chhotu Ram College of Education, Kurukshetra is named after him. Further, Sir Chhotu Ram Institute of Engineering & Technology at Meerut is also named after him.
The Indian government issued a commemorative stamp on 9 January 1995.
The Jat-Anglo Sanskrit School was started by him on 26 March 1913 in Rohtak. A Bachelor of Education college at the same campus, is also named after him.
Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram Thermal Power Station (DCRTPP), Yamuna Nagar is a 2×300 MW Thermal power plant of HPGCL, Government of Haryana.
Ch. Birender Singh, Sir Chhotu Ram's daughter's son got built a 64 feet statue by Ch. Chhotu Ram Trust - Rohtak, highest in Haryana, at his birth site, Garhi Sampla. This statue was unveiled by Prime Minister Narendra Modi on 9 October 2018.