# Simon Case

Simon Case CVO (born 27 December 1978) is a British civil servant who served as Cabinet Secretary and Head of the Home Civil Service from September 2020 to December 2024.
Case was Downing Street Permanent Secretary to Prime Minister Boris Johnson from May to September 2020. That role had been vacant for eight years after Jeremy Heywood left in 2012. From January 2016 to May 2017, Case served under David Cameron and Theresa May as Principal Private Secretary to the Prime Minister.
In September 2024, Case announced his intention to resign before the end of the year on health grounds.

## Early life

Case was born on 27 December 1978 in Bristol, England. He was educated at Bristol Grammar School, an independent school. He studied history at Trinity College, Cambridge, graduating with a Bachelor of Arts (BA) degree. While at Cambridge, he rowed and was President of Cambridge University Lightweight Rowing Club. He then undertook postgraduate research in political history at Queen Mary, University of London, and he was awarded Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) degree from University of London in 2007. His doctoral supervisor was Professor Peter Hennessy, and his thesis was entitled The Joint Intelligence Committee and the German Question, 1947–61.

## Career

Case joined the Civil Service in 2006. He worked first within the Ministry of Defence as a policy adviser. He then worked in the Northern Ireland Office and the Cabinet Office. In 2012, he served as Head of the Olympic Secretariat, a temporary team within the Cabinet Office that was set up to oversee the delivery of the 2012 Summer Olympics.
From 2012 and July 2014, Case worked at 10 Downing Street as a private secretary to the Prime Minister and then as Deputy Principal Private Secretary to the Prime Minister. He then returned to the Cabinet Office, where he was Executive Director of the Implementation Group. In March 2015, he joined Government Communications Headquarters (GCHQ) as Director of Strategy.
On 8 January 2016, Case was announced as the next Principal Private Secretary to the Prime Minister in succession to Chris Martin who had died while in office. He took up the appointment on 11 January 2016.
In March 2017, Case was announced as the Director General for the UK–EU Partnership, being succeeded by Peter Hill as Principal Private Secretary to the Prime Minister on 10 May 2017. He took up the post in May 2017. In this role he was "leading the UK Government's work on exiting and seeking a new partnership with the European Union within the UK Representation to the EU". On 23 June 2017, he was appointed a Commander of the Royal Victorian Order (CVO) in recognition of his service as Principal Private Secretary to the Prime Minister.
In January 2018, he was appointed Director General Northern Ireland and Ireland: in this role, he acted as the lead civil servant for finding a solution to the Irish border issue post-Brexit.
In March 2018, it was announced that Case would be the next Private Secretary to Prince William, Duke of Cambridge; he took up the appointment in July 2018. Also in 2018, Case was appointed a visiting professor at King's College London, having previously been a Visiting Senior Research Fellow at the university.
In July 2020 in messages between Case and Sir Mark Sedwill, Case wrote, "I've never seen people less well-equipped to run a country". Case wrote to Sedwill: "At this rate I will struggle to last six months. These people are so mad. Not poisonous towards me (yet), but they are just madly self-defeating."

### Head of the Civil Service and Cabinet Secretary

In August 2020 Case was chosen by Prime Minister Boris Johnson as Cabinet Secretary and Head of the Civil Service, succeeding Mark Sedwill on 9 September 2020, the youngest Cabinet Secretary to date.
In April 2021, in light of the Greensill scandal, Case ordered all civil servants to declare paid roles or outside interests that "might conflict" with Civil Service rules after it emerged that a senior official had joined a firm while still a civil servant.
On 15 June 2021, Case and Prime Minister Johnson jointly signed a Declaration on Government Reform intended to improve the way government operates in the UK.
In December 2021, the Prime Minister appointed Case to lead an inquiry into the Westminster Christmas parties controversy, where government departments had been alleged to have carried out social gatherings in late 2020 in contravention of COVID-19 regulations. Just over a week later, on 17 December 2021, it was announced that he was to recuse himself from the inquiry because of reports that a party had been held in his private office. The next day, on 18 December 2021, Case officially resigned from the inquiry position. His role in the inquiry was taken over by the civil servant Sue Gray.
In a letter to civil servants in May 2022, Case said that up to 91,000 civil servants would lose their jobs to return it to 2016 levels, which would be the biggest decrease in staff since World War Two. Case said civil service staffing had grown "substantially" since 2016, partly because of the pandemic. "We must consider how we can streamline our workforce and equip ourselves with the skills we need to be an even more effective, lean and innovative service that continues to deliver for the people we serve," he wrote.
On 8 September 2022, Case informed then-Prime Minister Liz Truss that Queen Elizabeth II had died.
On 13 September 2022, Case was appointed a member of the Privy Council of King Charles III.
On 24 July 2024, it was reported Case was advised by his medical team to stand down in 2025 due to deteriorating health conditions; Case is suffering from a neurological condition which means he is unable to walk without a stick.
In September 2024 he was under pressure to bring forward his departure date, amid anger over a series of damaging leaks and briefings.

### COVID-19 pandemic controversies
#### Gatherings

Case was the highest ranking public official to be implicated in the 'partygate' scandal; however, he stated he would not resign. Junior colleagues were reportedly furious that Case did not have to pay a penalty for the parties, despite having to recuse himself from investigating them.
In evidence from the Commons privileges committee, which found that the former prime minister deliberately misled MPs over lockdown gatherings, Case denied giving Boris Johnson any reassurances that Covid rules and guidance were followed at all times.

#### Lockdown Files

In early March 2023, The Daily Telegraph published a number of WhatsApp messages from the UK's COVID-19 Lockdown period, named the Lockdown Files. Case, who was said to be in discussion with the then-Health Secretary Matt Hancock, reportedly mocked holidaymakers stuck in hotel rooms by the UK's quarantine policy, saying it was "hilarious" and how he wanted to "see some of the faces of people coming out of first class and into a Premier Inn shoe box". In some messages Case said how some opposition to COVID restrictions were "pure Conservative ideology".
Case described Johnson as "nationally distrusted figure" and warned the public were unlikely to follow isolation rules laid down by him.

#### Covid Inquiry

In October 2023, Case was expected to appear before the UK Covid-19 Inquiry to give evidence, but his appearance was delayed by a "private medical matter" that required Case to take a leave of absence from his position. Later, in November 2023, given the ongoing postponement of his evidence session, "private medical information" relating to Case was shared to core members of the Covid Inquiry; this was accompanied by a Restriction Order forbidding the disclosure of the aforementioned medical notes by recipients.

## Personal life

In 2007, Case married Elizabeth Kistruck, who later became chief finance officer for Motorway. Case was a member of the Garrick Club until March 2024, when he resigned from it due to criticism. He rejoined it six months later.

## Honours

On 13 September 2022, Case was appointed a member of the Privy Council of King Charles III.
| Country | Date | Appointment | Post-nominal letters |
| United Kingdom | 23 June 2017 | Commander of the Royal Victorian Order | CVO |
| United Kingdom | 6 February 2022 | Queen Elizabeth II Platinum Jubilee Medal | |
| United Kingdom | 6 May 2023 | King Charles III Coronation Medal | |