OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# S. Vaiyapuri Pillai

Rao Sahib Saravanapperumal Vaiyapuri Pillai (12 October 1891 – 17 February 1956) was a renowned lawyer and Tamil scholar. An advocate by profession, he edited and published several Tamil classics from original manuscripts. He is best remembered as the editor of the Tamil lexicon published by the Madras University in the 1920s. He was a voracious reader and had in his own private collection thousands of books in Tamil, English, Sanskrit and Malayalam. His collection also included hundreds of palm-leaf manuscripts. This collection was later donated to the National Library of India in Kolkata. .

## Early life and education

Vaiyapuri Pillai was born in 1891 to Saravanapperumal Pillai and Pappammal in a Saiva Vellalar family of Tinnevely District. After graduating in 1912, he studied law and practised as a lawyer in Trivandrum and Tinnevely from 1915 to 1926.

## Editor of the Tamil lexicon

On November 25, 1926, Pillai was appointed editor of the Tamil lexicon committee of the Madras University. Until then, Volume I of the lexicon and the first part of Volume II had been published over a span of fourteen years. But once Pillai took over, the remainder of the lexicon which comprised six volumes was completed in just ten years.

## Later years

From 1951 to 1954, Pillai served as Honorary Professor of Tamil at the University of Travancore in Trivandrum. Retiring in 1954, he returned to Madras city where he died on 17 February 1956.

## Controversies

In June 1940, the government of Madras Province appointed a committee headed by V. S. Srinivasa Sastri to frame general principles for coining words for scientific and technical terms in Tamil. The constitution of the committee was opposed by Tamil purists who felt that Sastri was strongly anti-Tamil. Sastri precipitated matters further by recommending the inclusion of Vaiyapuri Pillai, who was also perceived to be anti-Tamil. The committee eventually recommended the retention of words of English and Sanskrit origin. Vaiyapuri justified the decision as a necessity for promoting national integration and cited the poetry of Manonmaniam Sundaram Pillai. The decisions of the committee were opposed tooth and nail by activists of the Madras Presidency Tamil Sangam and were eventually reversed after Sastri's death in 1946.

## Literary works Nationalised

In February 2009, the Tamil Nadu state government announced that the works of 28 scholars would be nationalised and the literary critic, Vaiyapuri Pillai's works were among them. In his budget address, finance minister K. Anbazhagan said compensation would be paid to the legal heirs of the authors having regard to the number of books written by them, their social impact and literary value. With a view to ensuring that the views and thoughts of great Tamil savants who dedicated their lives to the language benefitted the present and future generations, the government implemented the nationalization scheme.
# Lowell Ranger Station

The Lowell Ranger Station compound is in the Coronado National Forest of southern Arizona, United States. It is located in Pima County, near Tucson.

## History

The ranger station buildings were built in 1934 by the Civilian Conservation Corps. It was designed by USDA Forest Service.

### National Register of Historic Places listing

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) in 1993 for its architecture, which includes Pueblo Revival and other styles.
The NRHP listing includes the government housing and the office space in three contributing buildings, the office, barn/garage, and house, located on 2 acres (0.81 ha). They were built by the CCC – Civilian Conservation Corps.
It was deemed significant "for its association with the expansion of Forest Service administration from custodial superintendence to active resource management", as well as for embodying "the use of standard plan architecture developed in the 1930s by Regional Office architects" and representing "a distinctive Forest Service architectural design style and philosophy."$^{:5}$ It was part of the Depression-Era USDA Forest Service Administrative Complexes in Arizona MPS (Multiple Property Submission) of the National Park Service in 1989.
# Ellerker

Ellerker is a village and civil parish in the East Riding of Yorkshire, England. It is situated approximately 10 miles (16 km) west of Hull city centre and 13 miles (21 km) east of the market town of Howden. It lies 1 mile (1.6 km) south of the A63 road junction with the A1034 road.
According to the 2011 UK Census, Ellerker parish had a population of 307, a decrease on the 2001 UK Census figure of 320. Ellerker lies within the Parliamentary constituency of Goole and Pocklington.
'Ellerker' means a "marsh where alder trees grow", from Old English alor or aler "alder" and Old Norse kjarr "marsh". The name was recorded as Alrecher in the 11th century and Alekirr in 1139. Same name as Orcher (Normandy, Aurichier 12th century).
In 1823, Ellerker was in the parish of Brantingham and the Wapentake of Howdenshire. Village population was 249, including eight farmers, a corn miller, a shopkeeper, a tailor, a shoemaker, and a carpenter. Also listed in directories were three yeomen and a curate of the village church. Once a week a carrier operated from the village to Hull and Wilton.
The village church is dedicated to St Anne and is designated as a Grade II listed building.
Sir Rafe Ellerker is cited in Part 1 of the title 'The Last Years of a Frontier' — D. L. W. Tough, concerning his survey of the Border Marches, 1541.
# MTDH

Metadherin, also known as protein LYRIC or astrocyte elevated gene-1 protein (AEG-1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MTDH gene.

## Function

MTDH (AEG-1) is involved in HIF-1alpha mediated angiogenesis. MTDH also interacts with SND1 and involved in RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) and plays very important role in RISC and miRNA functions. MTDH has been shown to interact with spliceosome proteins in the cell nucleus and regulate the process of alternative splicing.
MTDH induces an oncogene called Late SV40 factor (LSF/TFCP2) which is involved in thymidylate synthase (TS) induction and DNA biosynthesis synthesis. Late SV40 factor (LSF/TFCP2) enhances angiogenesis by transcriptionally up-regulating matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9).

## Clinical significance

MTDH acts as an oncogene in melanoma, malignant glioma, breast cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma. It is highly expressed in these cancers and helps in their progression and development. It is induced by c-Myc oncogene and plays an important role in anchorage independent growth of cancer cells (metastasis).
Elevated expression of MTDH, which is overexpressed in more than 40% of breast cancers, is associated with poor clinical outcomes. MTDH has a dual role in promoting metastatic seeding and enhancing chemoresistance. MTDH is therefore a potential therapeutic target for enhancing chemotherapy and reducing metastasis.
MTDH has been shown to be overexpressed in prostate cancer, where there is a shift towards a more cytoplasmic localisation, signalling a poor prognosis. In the nucleus of prostate cancer cells, MTDH has been shown to affect alternative splicing of genes such as CD44, which may also be associated with prostate cancer progression.
LSF/TFCP2 plays a multifaceted role in chemo resistance, EMT, allergic response, inflammation and Alzheimer's disease.
MTDH controls many hallmarks of oncogenes and cancer. MTDH/AEG-1 induces hepato steatosis in mouse liver. MTDH knockdown by artificial microRNA interference functions as a potential tumor suppressor in breast cancer. Astrocyte elevated gene-1/MTDH undergoes palmitoylation in normal and abnormal cell physiology. Biomaterial titanium substrata with microgrooves can alter MTDH expression in human primary cells.

## Interactions

MTDH has been shown to interact with:
* Nucleolin,
* NF-kB-p65 subunit,
# Anderson Akaliro

Anderson Akaliro is a Nigerian politician and lawmaker. He represents the Umuahia North State Constituency in the Abia State House of Assembly. He is a member of the All Progressives Congress (APC) and serves as Chairman of the House of Assembly Committee on Judiciary and Public Complaints.
# Dan Metzger

Daniel James Metzger (born March 9, 1993) is an American professional soccer player who plays as a midfielder.

## Career
### Early career

Metzger was a member of the Players Development Academy for two years before joining the New York Red Bulls Academy in 2010. He also spent four years at the University of Maryland between 2011 and 2014. In his four years with the Terrapins he made 88 appearances and scored 8 goals and provided 4 assists. While at college, Metzger appeared for USL PDL club Austin Aztex during the 2013 season.

### Professional

Metzger was selected with the 42nd overall pick in the 2015 MLS SuperDraft by D.C. United. He was released by the club during the preseason.
Metzger was signed by New York Red Bulls II for the 2015 season and made his debut for the club on April 4, 2015, in a 4–1 victory over Toronto FC II, the first victory in club history. On June 23, 2015, Metzger was named USL Player of the Week for his performance for NYRBII in a 2–0 victory over Louisville City FC. On April 22, 2016, Metzger scored his first goal as a professional, helping New York to a 1–0 victory over Wilmington Hammerheads FC. On August 2, 2016, Metzger recorded a goal and an assist for New York in a 5–0 rout over Harrisburg City Islanders. On October 23, 2016, Metzger helped the club to a 5–1 victory over Swope Park Rangers in the 2016 USL Cup Final.
On July 5, 2017, Metzger made his MLS debut as a late game substitute in a 3–2 victory over New England Revolution.
On February 13, 2018, Metzger joined the Penn FC of the United Soccer League.
Metzger played two seasons with USL Championship side Memphis 901 FC before leaving the club in April 2021.

### International

Metzger has represented the United States at the U18, U20 and U23 level. He helped the United States to a third-place finish at the 2015 Toulon Tournament.

## Career statistics

    As of 22 July 2017
| Club | Season | League | League | Playoffs | Playoffs | US Open Cup | US Open Cup | CONCACAF | CONCACAF | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| New York Red Bulls II | 2015 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 13 | 0 |
| New York Red Bulls II | 2016 | 28 | 3 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 32 | 3 |
| New York Red Bulls II | 2017 | 19 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 21 | 0 |
| Career total | Career total | 59 | 3 | 6 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 66 | 3 |

## Honors
### Club

New York Red Bulls II
* USL Cup (1): 2016
# Aughton, East Riding of Yorkshire

Aughton is a village and former civil parish, now in the parish of Ellerton, in the East Riding of Yorkshire, England. It is situated approximately 7 miles (11 km) north-west of the market town of Howden and 9 miles (14 km) south-west of the market town of Pocklington. In 1931 the parish had a population of 100. On 1 April 1935 the parish was abolished to form Ellerton.
It lies west of the B1228 road and east of the River Derwent.

## All Saints Church

All Saints Church, Aughton is located at the far end of the village and overlooks vast expanses of the floodplains of the River Derwent. Tucked away in the village, it can only be accessed on foot through a small gate and field adjacent to Aughton Hall. An historic church, famous for its association with Robert Aske, leader of the insurgents in the Pilgrimage of Grace, October 1536. Aske was executed for treason on 12 July 1537. The church displays a mixture of architectural designs as it has been altered throughout the years, but is noted especially for its Norman arch between the chancel and nave. On the chancel floor a well-preserved ancient brass of a knight in 15th century plate armour and his lady can be found, although much of the lady is now missing. Standing in the churchyard and looking up at the tower, (which was rebuilt by Christopher Aske sometime after 1536), a shield with six quarterings can be seen engraved on the outside wall, now badly weathered but it offers the following inscription in old French text: "Christofer le second filz de Robert Ask chr oblier ne doy, Ao Di 1536." This is literally translated as: "Christopher, the second son of Robert Aske, chevalier, ought not to forget the year of our Lord 1536." Also on the tower is a benchmark of the time and carved, in sunk relief, a newt or salamander otherwise known in Old English as an Ask.
The church was designated in 1966 as a Grade I listed building and is now recorded in the National Heritage List for England, maintained by Historic England.
To the north of the church are the surviving earthworks, now restored, of a motte-and-bailey castle, that has been scheduled under the Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Areas Act 1979 as an ancient monument.
# Harlthorpe

Harlthorpe is a hamlet and former civil parish, now in the parish of Foggathorpe, in the East Riding of Yorkshire, England. It is situated approximately 8 miles (13 km) north-east of Selby town centre and 6 miles (9.7 km) north of Howden town centre. It lies on the A163 road. In 1931 the parish had a population of 53.
In 1823 Harlthorpe (then Harlethorpe), was in the parish of Bubwith and the Wapentake of Harthill. Population at the time was 93, with occupations including six farmers, a blacksmith, and a shoemaker.
Harlthorpe was formerly a township in the parish of Bubwith, from 1866 Harlthorpe was a civil parish in its own right, on 1 April 1935 the parish was abolished and merged with Foggathorpe.
# Tom Kain

Tom Kain (born July 1, 1963) was the director of sports marketing at Nike. He is also a retired U.S. soccer midfielder. He played collegiate soccer at the Duke University where he was named as the top collegiate player winner in the 1985 Hermann Trophy. He also earned five caps with the U.S. national team in 1986 and 1987.

## Youth

Kain grew up in Wall Township, New Jersey and graduated from Wall High School in New Jersey in 1980. While there he wore number 7, which the school has retired. Wall High School won the New Jersey Group III state championship all three years he played. He had 56 goals and had 40 assists during his junior and senior years at Wall. In 1999, he was named by The Star-Ledger as one of the top ten New Jersey high school soccer players of the 1980s. After high school, Kain played for Duke University. His outstanding play for the Blue Devils led to his selection as a 1982 second team and 1983, 1984 and 1985 first team All American. In 1985, he won the Hermann Trophy as the outstanding men's collegiate soccer player. His school record of 51 career goals stood until broken by Ali Curtis in 2000. During his tenure with the Blue Devils, the men's soccer team went 68–13–7. In 1996, Duke University inducted Kain into its Athletics Hall of Fame.
Kain is one of 22 college players to be part of the 40-40 club, having both 40 goals and 40 assists in their college career.

## Professional

After graduating from Duke, Kain achieved a remarkable first, the first American born player to play professionally in Germany. He spent one year at Second Division club Union Solingen, but never played a game. He had been the number one selection, by the New York Express in the 1986 Major Indoor Soccer League draft. After seeing no playing time in Germany, and suffering from a foot injury, he returned to the United States in the spring of 1987 where the Kansas City Comets had purchased his contract rights from the bankrupt Express. He played for the Comets until his retirement in February 1991 in order to pursue business opportunities.

## National team

In 1981, Kain was a member of the U.S. U-20 national team at the U-20 World Championship. The U.S. went 0-1-2 in group play and did not qualify for the second round. He was also a member of the U.S. team at the 1987 Pan American Games. Kain played six games with the United States men's national soccer team between 1986 and 1987. However, he has only 5 official caps as his last game with the team, a September 5, 1987 Olympic Qualifier is not considered a full international.

## Post-Playing career

He retired from active playing at the age of 27 while with Kansas City and was hired by Adidas. He steadily rose through the company's ranks and became its Director of U.S. Soccer by his mid-thirties. Nike eventually lured Kain away from Adidas.
His success at Adidas and Nike led to SoccerAmerica selecting him as their #24 most influential person in U.S. soccer.

## Nike

Kain departed Nike on May 8, 2018, as the result of investigation into workplace behavior at the company. Eleven senior managers left Nike as of May 8.
# Athanasios Scheidt

Athanasios Augustus Scheidt (Greek: Αθανάσιος Αύγουστος Σέιντ; born 24 March 1998) is an American soccer player of Greek descent who plays as a midfielder.

## Club career
### Early career

Scheidt is a product of the youth team systems of various American and German sides. He was also part of the teams as San Martín (SJ), and Leixões, but mainly played for their reserve teams and failed to debut in the first teams.

### Radomiak Radom

On 9 October 2020, Scheidt signed a one-year contract with I liga club Radomiak Radom. On 6 November 2020, he made his debut in a 0–1 away win against Stomil Olsztyn after being named in the starting line-up.

## Personal life

Scheidt was born in New Jersey, United States, to Greek parents. Scheidt's father, John as well as sister, Joan, were both soccer players.
Raised in Wall Township, New Jersey, Scheidt played prep soccer at Christian Brothers Academy.

## Honours

Radomiak Radom
* I liga: 2020–21
# Beatrix Potter Gallery

The Beatrix Potter Gallery is a gallery run by the National Trust in a 17th-century stone-built house in Hawkshead, Cumbria, England. It is dedicated to presenting original book illustrations by children's author Beatrix Potter.
On display are original sketches and watercolours painted by Potter for her children's stories, as well as artifacts and information relating to her life and work. The exhibition on display changes annually. The 17th-century building was grade II listed in 1970. It was at one time the law office of Potter's husband, William Heelis. Its interior remains substantially unaltered.
# Whitgift, East Riding of Yorkshire

Whitgift is a small linear village and former civil parish, now in the parish of Twin Rivers, in the East Riding of Yorkshire, England approximately 4 miles (6.4 km) east of Goole. It is located alongside the River Ouse and north of the A161 road between Goole and Scunthorpe. Ousefleet and Reedness are to the east and west respectively. Historically Whitgift was part of the West Riding of Yorkshire. In 1961 the parish had a population of 191.

## Features

There was for many years a Whitgift ferry, which may originally have predated the village. Between November 1606 and February 1607, a persistent cold weather spell froze the River Ouse, and the ferry could not operate. However, records indicate that ".. men, women and children, horses and wagons loaded went on ye water at Ouse here at Whitgift ferrie and son continued until ye xiiii day of Februarie...".

### Church

The Church of Mary Magdalene (on the Whitgift side of the border between Whitgift and Reedness) dates from 1304 (replacing an earlier building, 11th–12th century or earlier). It has a famous clock with an unusual feature: instead of 12 (XII in Roman numerals) it has a 13 (XIII). Reasons vary, but local rumour relates that it may be due to the church being adjacent to a pub (now closed) at which the painter imbibed before completing the job. The church was designated a Grade I listed building in 1967 and is now recorded in the National Heritage List for England, maintained by Historic England.

### Hall

Whitgift is also notable for Whitgift Hall, a grade II* listed Georgian manor house built in 1704 by a family called Stephenson. Since it was built, it has undergone significant change. For example, bay windows were added and the current owners have a caravan site and fishing pond.

### Lighthouse

Whitgift lighthouse was erected just north of the village in the late 19th century, for the Aire and Calder Navigation: a five-storey cream-painted tower with a stone base, it stands 46 ft (14 m) high. It remains operational, a waymark for ships travelling to and from Goole docks, and is Grade II listed.

### Other

Other features include a Methodist chapel, but Whitgift mainly consists of a sparse strip of houses spread out over its length bounded by the River Ouse to the north and fields to the south looking towards Eastoft.

## History

The place-name 'Whitgift' is first attested in a Yorkshire charter of circa 1080, where it appears as Witegift, and in a charter of 1232 where it appears as Whitegift. The name is thought to mean 'Hviti's or Hwita's gift'.
Whitgift was previously part of the Goole Rural District in the West Riding of Yorkshire from 1894 to 1974, then in Boothferry district of Humberside until 1996.
On 1 April 1983 the civil parish was abolished to form Twin Rivers.
# Clinton McKenzie

Clinton McKenzie (born 15 September 1955) is a former British professional boxer. He fought in the light welterweight division and became the British light welterweight title holder and briefly held the European title.

## Background

McKenzie was born in Clarendon, Jamaica, the oldest of seven children. The McKenzie family emigrated to the United Kingdom when Clinton was nine years of age.
He is the brother of former three-weight world champion boxer Duke McKenzie and former amateur boxer and politician Winston McKenzie, father of footballer-turn boxer Leon McKenzie and a daughter Cascia McKenzie, he is also the adoptive father to professional boxer and Big Brother UK 2009 housemate, Angel McKenzie.

## Amateur career

McKenzie represented England and Great Britain throughout his amateur career which culminated in representing Great Britain at the 1976 Olympics in Montreal, Canada. McKenzie won his first two fights before losing to eventual gold medal winner Sugar Ray Leonard. He won the 1976 Amateur Boxing Association British light-welterweight title, when boxing out of the Sir Philip Game ABC.

### Olympic results

1976 (as a light welterweight)
* Defeated Daniele Zappaterra (ITA), 5:0
* Defeated Ismael Martínez (PUR), 3:2
* Lost to Ray Leonard (USA), 5:0

## Professional career

Following the publicity of the Olympic Games, McKenzie left amateur boxing to turn professional in October 1976, winning his first fight at the York Hall, Bethnal Green, London, in which McKenzie beat Jimmy King on points over eight rounds.
McKenzie fought for his first title belt, the vacant British light welterweight title, in October 1978 which he won with a ten-round knockout win over Jim Montague in Belfast, Northern Ireland. The following year, McKenzie lost the title at the Wembley Conference Centre to Colin Powers on points but later that year defeated Powers at the same venue to regain the title.