OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Wormleighton

Wormleighton is a village in Warwickshire, England. It sits on Wormleighton Hill overlooking the River Cherwell. The population taken at the 2011 census was 183.
The original village was on the banks of the Cherwell and can still be seen as a series of humps and hollows on the east bank of the Oxford Canal.
The present village sits on the crest of the hill. At one end is St Peter's Church, which has a Norman tower and nave, with small added Gothic aisles, made of local ironstone. The Church has remaining box pews, a Norman font, and an interesting tomb to Robert Spencer which gives his death date in 1610 (he died in France) both in the new Gregorian calendar (used in France from 1582) and in the old Julian calendar which was still used in Britain until 1752. The church is surrounded by its graveyard, which is accessible to local sheep. A path from the church leads to the remains of the old 16th-century manor house, Wormleighton Manor, of which the first view is a fine old chimney, then the great hall can be seen, part made of stone, part of brick. The gatehouse is Jacobean, and has a date of 1613 upon it.
The manor house was slighted by the Parliamentarians as it was a Royalist stronghold. The village was abandoned after the English Civil War when the Spencer family home, Wormleighton Manor, was burned down in 1645. The village, however, was refounded in the 19th century, and there is a group of buildings in the Arts and Crafts style, as well as a number of thatched cottages.
The first mention of a post office in the village is in September 1853, when a type of postmark known as an undated circle was issued. The post office closed in 1971.
The historic family of Wormleighton is based in the north-west of England. During the Second World War, Captain Ronald fought with distinction and was awarded the Victoria Cross in 1944. The Spencer family fortune derived from Sir John Spencer of Wormleighton, Warwickshire, who bought Althorp in 1508 with the profits from his sheep-rearing business. In 1498 an inquest jury recorded that 60 villagers had been evicted from the Wormleighton Estate "weeping, to wander in idleness ... perished of hunger".

## Notable people from Wormleighton

* John Peche
* Spencer family
# Windlesham Arboretum

Windlesham Arboretum is between the villages of Windlesham and Lightwater in Surrey, United Kingdom, just south of Junction 3 on the M3. The arboretum features lakes, monuments, follies, a small chapel and approximately 22,000 mature and rare trees. The Windle Brook runs through the arboretum and has seven main footbridges and approximately ten ponds on each side, some of which are more properly identifiable as lakes based on size. The land and lakes, including a scattered number of buildings altogether consist of just over 1 square kilometre (0.39 sq mi).

## Features

The arboretum, which is also a fresh water park, is located in the south of the civil parish of Windlesham, where alluvial soils juxtapose, furthest from the brook, with acidic, naturally wet, heath.
The arboretum was founded in the 1980s by William Spowers, who had purchased Old House Farm and the surrounding 17 acres (6.9 ha) in 1957. Over the following decades, he added more land to the estate, which reached 160 acres (65 ha) by the time of his death in 2009. By the end of the first decade of the 21st century, the arboretum contained in excess of 3,500 species of tree, including an extensive collection of Eucalyptus plants.

## Ownership and rules

The arboretum is owned by a charitable trust. The objects of the charitable trust are to advance education in the study of trees and birds and access to the arboretum is restricted to educational activities. The public is permitted limited access from four main entry points, spread around the compass, during daylight hours. Picnics, barbecues, cycling and leisure activities other than walking, study and reflection are prohibited. It is patrolled most days, and maintained to ensure its use remains in accordance with the trust's objectives.

## Archaeology

An archeological survey of the Arboretum was carried out by the Surrey Heath Archaeological & Heritage Trust. in the 1980s. Evidence of Iron Age enclosure ditches and Romano-British agricultural buildings was discovered.
# Laboratoires Pierre Fabre

Laboratoires Pierre Fabre (French pronunciation:) is a French multinational pharmaceutical and cosmetics company headquartered in the city of Castres, Midi-Pyrénées, France.

## History

Founded in 1962 by Pierre Fabre (1926-2013), the company is present in over 130 countries.
Olivier Bohuon was Chief Executive from September 2010 to April 2011.

## Business

The company's business activity is focused on research, development, manufacturing and marketing of cosmetics, prescription medicines and family health products.
Pharmaceuticals and phytotherapy represent 47% of turnover, whereas cosmetics represent 53% (percentages of 2012 turnover).
The company had a consolidated turnover of 1.978 billion euros in 2012 (including 54% international).
Laboratories Pierre Fabre had approximately 10,000 employees in 2012, 33% of whom are internationally based, while the remaining 6,700 employees were based in France.

## Products

Pierre Fabre is best known for its vinorelbine (Navelbine), an anticancer drug of the vinca alkaloid class.
They also developed vinflunine, a fluorinated vinca alkaloid derivative available in Australia for "advanced or metastatic transitional cell carcinoma of the urothelial tract after failure of a prior platinum containing regimen."

## The Pierre Fabre Foundation

The Pierre Fabre Foundation was recognized as a public utility in 1999, and its mission is to enable communities from less advanced and emerging countries, as well as those plunged into severe crisis by political or economic upheaval and/or natural disaster, to access the quality and levels of everyday health care and the widely-used drugs defined by the WHO and other organisations as essential to human health.
# WDHP

WDHP (1620 AM) is a radio station licensed to serve Frederiksted, U.S. Virgin Islands. The station is owned by Reef Broadcasting, Inc. It airs a variety of news, talk, gospel music, and country music.

## Programming

WDHP currently airs a mix of Reggae, Calypso, Soca, R&B, Latin, Country & Western music, talk and news. In addition to its regular programming, this station airs the "dLife Diabetes Minute" health advisory program.

## History

WDHP began as the "expanded band" twin to station WRRA in Frederiksted. On March 17, 1997, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) announced that 88 stations had been given permission to move to newly available "Expanded Band" transmitting frequencies, ranging from 1610 to 1700 kHz, with WRRA authorized to move from 1290 to 1620 kHz.
An application for a construction permit for the expanded band station was filed on June 13, 1997, which was assigned the call letters WDHP on March 6, 1998. The FCC's initial policy was that both the original station and its expanded band counterpart could operate simultaneously for up to five years, after which owners would have to turn in one of the two licenses, depending on whether they preferred the new assignment or elected to remain on the original frequency, although this deadline was extended multiple times.
It was ultimately decided to end operations at the original station, and on February 8, 2011 the license for WRRA on 1290 kHz was cancelled.
# Liolaemus normae

Liolaemus normae, the Los Cristales leopard lizard or Norma's leopard lizard, is a species of lizard in the family Liolaemidae. It is found in Chile.
# The Common Topics

In classical rhetoric, the Common Topics (koinoi topoi)were a short list of four traditional topics regarded as suitable to structure an argument.
In Aristotle's Rhetoric, the common topics are discussed in Book II. They are generally considered to be heuristic.

## Four traditional topics

* Past Fact (Circumstance)
* Possible/Impossible (Possibility)
* Future Fact (Circumstance)
* Greater/Lesser (Comparison)

## Expanded list of topics

Edward P.J. Corbett and Robert J. Connors expanded the list in their 1971 book Classical Rhetoric for the Modern Student to include:
* Definition
** genus / division / species
** etymology
** description
** definition
** example
** synonyms
* Comparison
** similarity
** difference
** degree
* Circumstance
** cause and effect
** timing
* Relationship
** contraries
** exclusion
* Testimony
** statistics
** maxims
** law
** precedents
** personal example
** historical example
** authoritative quotes
# Liolaemus pantherinus

Liolaemus pantherinus, the panther tree iguana, is a species of lizard in the family Liolaemidae. It is from Peru, Bolivia and Chile.
# Mickey Demos

Menelaos Demos, commonly known as Mickey Demos (9 September 1931 – 19 January 2015) was a Greek urologist, lawyer, boxer and pilot. His survey of boxing-injuries showed that 78% of head injuries occurred in those not wearing head protection, and that if safety rules in boxing are adhered to then fewer boxers sustain head injuries than footballers and baseball players.
# Lane Public School

Lane Independent School District No. C-22, operating as Lane Public School, is a school district, consisting of a single K-8 school, headquartered in Lane, Oklahoma.
It includes the majority of the Lane census-designated place. The district also includes the unincorporated area of Farris.
Students above the eighth grade who graduated from the Lane School on most occasions select Atoka High School in (of Atoka Public Schools) or Stringtown high school (of Stringtown School District).

## History

The Lane School first opened in 1905.
At one point Jack Humphrey was superintendent. The Oklahoma State Auditor and Inspector stated that he took possession of items donated to Lane School and used them for other purposes. Humphrey resigned as a result of the state report.
In 2002 Strickland left his position at the Inola Public Schools school district, and became the superintendent of the Lane district. In 2003 Strickland was indicted for embezzling funds from the Inola school district. The Lane board of trustees gave Strickland a paid suspension. That year, Strickland pleaded guilty to criminal charges. As part of the penalty, he would no longer be able to be licensed to be a school administrator, nor to teach.
In light of the Strickland and Humphrey scandals, a group of 50 people from the area advocated for Drew Edmondson, the Attorney General of Oklahoma, to take the board members responsible for superintendent hiring decisions off of the Lane school board.
In 2008, the administration of Farris Public School sought a merger into the Lane school district.
In 2013, the Farris school district closed and merged into the Lane school district. After the consolidation, Lane's enrollment increased by around 50 students.
# Lauderdale County School District (Alabama)

Lauderdale County School District, Lauderdale County School System, or Lauderdale County Schools is a school district in Lauderdale County, Alabama. Its headquarters is in an unincorporated area near Florence.
It includes areas not in the city of Florence.

## Schools

* Allen Career Technical Center
* Brooks High School
* Brooks Elementary
* Central School
* Lauderdale County High School
* Lexington School
* Rogers School
* Underwood Elementary
* Waterloo High School
* Wilson High School
# Lemoore Union High School District

Lemoore Union High School District is a public school district based in Kings County, California, United States.
# Lenox Community School District

40°52′34″N 94°33′24″W﻿ / ﻿40.876175°N 94.556803°W﻿ / 40.876175; -94.556803
Lenox Community School District is a rural public school district headquartered in Lenox, Iowa.
It includes portions of Adams, Ringgold, Taylor, and Union counties. Communities in its area include Lenox, Clearfield, and Sharpsburg.

## History

The district began operations in 1878. The district has a single school building at 600 S. Locust St., built in 1968. The elementary school previously had a separate building at 301 W. Michigan Street, but in 2005 moved into 600 S. Locust.
In 1913. Lenox schools published their first school song, "Black and gold"
In 1968, the school was separated from K-12 to an elementary school and high school.
When the Clearfield Community School District closed in 2014, the Lenox district absorbed a portion of it.

## Schools

* Lenox Elementary School
* Lenox High School

### Lenox High School
#### Athletics

The Tigers compete in the Pride of Iowa Conference in the following sports:
* Football
** 2008 8-player class State Champions
* Volleyball
* Cross Country
* Basketball
* Wrestling
* Bowling
* Golf
* Track and Field
* Baseball
** 2006 Class 1A State Champions
* Softball
# Lewiston Elementary School District

Lewiston Elementary School District is a public school district based in Trinity County, California, United States.
# Pradeep Chandran Nair

Lieutenant General Pradeep Chandran Nair PVSM, AVSM, YSM is a retired general officer of the Indian Army. He last served as the 21st Director General of Assam Rifles.

## Military career

He did his schooling from St. Joseph's Boys High School, Khadki and Sainik School, Satara and joined National Defence Academy, Khadakwasala in 1982. He was commissioned into 18th Sikh Regiment on 14 Dec 1985, which he later commanded at Faizabad and in Sub Sector Haneef (Siachen Glacier). He has served extensively in the North East in Nagaland, Manipur, Assam and Sikkim. He commanded a Brigade in Manipur, where he was awarded the Yudh Seva Medal and was the Inspector General of Assam Rifles (North) in Nagaland for which he was decorated with the Ati Vishisht Seva Medal. He also has been awarded the Chief of Army Staff Commendation Card on three occasions. He has had instructional appointments at Infantry School Mhow, Headquarters Indian Military Training Team and has been a Directing Staff at Defence Services Staff College, Wellington.
He has served in the Army Headquarters as a Colonel, Major General and Lieutenant General. He has also served as Brigadier General Staff in Maharashtra, Gujarat and Goa Area and in the Defence Intelligence Agency. In his previous assignment at the Army Headquarters, he was the Director General Recruiting, responsible for recruiting officers and men and women in the Indian Army.
# Hap Ward

John Thomas O'Donnell (July 1868 – January 3, 1944), better known by his stage name Hap Ward, was an American comedian, dancer, and actor who was half of the vaudeville comedy duo Ward and Vokes.
Ward and Vokes toured widely in a series of musicals and vaudeville entertainments from 1894 through 1911. After this, Ward worked in other stage works without Vokes and starred in several films made from 1918 through 1929. The majority of his films were short comic silent films made with the actress Gale Henry between the years 1919 and 1921. His final film was the 1929 sound feature Fugitives in which he portrayed Scal "the Rat". He starred in several Broadway musicals during his career, including The Floor Walkers (1900) and the Ziegfeld Follies of 1923

## Life and career

Born John Thomas O'Donnell in Philadelphia, Hap Ward began his career in the theatre as a dancer. He formed a comedic partnership with the actor Harry Vokes in 1884, and the pair first achieved fame performing in theaters owned by the impresario Tony Pastor in which they excelled at portraying the tramps Harold and Percy; original characters they created which the duo portrayed in numerous stage works. These included the musicals A Run On the Bank (1895), The Governors (1898), The Floor Walkers (1900), The Head Waiters (1901), A Pair of Pinks (1905), The Promoters (1910), and The Trouble Makers (1911). The tramp characters of Harold and Percy generated comedy by behaving with gentlemanly manners of a higher social class while appearing like homeless vagrants. Ultimately these characters evolved from being unambitious tramps affecting upper class manners into "wealthy layabouts".
The Floor Walkers toured to Broadway's Grand Opera House for performances in 1900 and again in 1901. This work also starred sisters Margaret and Lucy Daly; the latter of whom was married to Hap Ward. Without Vokes, Ward starred in the Broadway musicals The Grafter (1906, as Bill Grafter), Not Yet, But Soon (1907, as Bill Nerve), and the Ziegfeld Follies of 1923.
Ward made his silent film debut in Francis Ford's The Silent Mystery (1918). This was followed by many comic silent films, most of them short films, made with the actress Gale Henry from 1919 through 1921; including the role of One Lung in The Detectress (1919) and parts in Pants (1919), The Slavey (1919), Her First Flame (1919), Her Week-end (1919), Lizzie's Luck (1919), Poor Fish (1919), Cash (1919), Sweet Cookie (1919), This Way Out (1920), Help! (1920), and Beat It (1921) to name a few. Ward later appeared in one sound film, portraying Scal "the Rat" in Fugitives (1929).
After retiring from acting, Ward operated a roadhouse outside of Boston for many years. At various points in his career he also worked as a theatre agent and producer. He was a member of The Lambs and was a founding member of The Catholic Actor's Guild of America. He died at his home in New York City on January 3, 1944 at the age of 76.
# Lewis & Clark Trail Bicycle Route

The Lewis & Clark Bicycle Trail is a bicycle touring route created by Adventure Cycling Association to commemorate the bicentennial of the 1804–1806 Corps of Discovery Expedition. The route follows the path of Meriwether Lewis and William Clark as they explored the Louisiana Purchase and the Pacific Northwest.

## Route

The Lewis & Clark Bicycle Trail starts in Hartford, Illinois, close to where the Lewis and Clark Expedition began in St. Charles, Missouri. Since the expedition traveled primarily by boat, the bicycle route follows their path along the Missouri and Columbia rivers as much as possible.
The route has 4,589 mapped miles and includes a number of optional spurs, detours, and even Clark's eastbound return path after the expedition had split into two parties at Traveler's Rest in Lolo, Montana. The more historically accurate route, though, is 3,143 miles.

## Terrain

The main route varies from paved roads, bike paths, unpaved rail trails, and gravel roads. The route's elevation varies from flat plains to hilly sections in the mountains.

## Logistics

Rough, gravel roads along the route may require off-road tires. A water filter may be necessary as many of the campsites are primitive, and the route can be ridden from May through September.

## Sponsors

The Lewis & Clark Bicycle Trail was recognized by the National Council of the Lewis & Clark Bicentennial as part of the nationwide celebration.
Adventure Cycling received funding from REI for the Lewis & Clark Bicycle Trail.

## States on the trail

* Illinois
* Missouri
* Kansas
* Nebraska
* Iowa
* South Dakota
* North Dakota
* Montana
* Idaho
* Washington
* Oregon
# New Yalu River Bridge

The New Yalu River Bridge (Chinese: 新鸭绿江大桥), or Korea-China Amnok River Bridge (Korean: 조중압록강다리), is a road bridge across the Yalu River between Dandong, Liaoning Province, China, and Sinuiju, North Korea. The cable-stayed bridge, which is 3 kilometers (1.9 mi) long including the supporting roads, is intended as a replacement for the Sino-Korean Friendship Bridge. Construction began in October 2011 and is mostly complete and connected with Xingdan Road, but the project stalled between 2014 and 2019, with work unfinished on the North Korean side. By 2021, construction on the North Korean side has been mostly completed, with the bridge being expected to open soon.

## Construction history

The New Yalu River Bridge was built as a replacement for the Sino-Korean Friendship Bridge, one of two other bridges in the area, to improve travel and trade between the two countries. The Sino-Korean Friendship Bridge, which opened in 1943, is only wide enough for a single rail track and a single reversible lane. It also cannot carry trucks over 20 tonnes.
Plans to build the New Yalu River Bridge were approved by North Korea during a visit of Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao to the country in 2010. The bridge would be part of a development project including free trade zones on North Korean islands in the Yalu river.
Construction of the New Yalu River Bridge began in 2011, reportedly cost China US$350 million to complete, and has multiple lanes to carry traffic in both directions.
It was originally planned to open in 2014, but due to delays on the North Korean side, the opening has been postponed indefinitely, as the bridge ended in a field outside of Sinuiju, North Korea. In October 2017, Yonhap reported that North Korea has demanded that "Beijing to cover more of the costs of building the border bridge".
In June 2019, Chinese Communist Party general secretary Xi Jinping pledged to pay for roads and customs posts on the North Korean side of the bridge, according to unnamed sources.
In late September 2019, the construction for road links and customs posts on the North Korean side of the bridge began. By April 2020 the project was reportedly near completion. In mid-August 2020, the project was stopped again. In October 2020, the project works restarted again.
According to sources cited by South Korean newspaper Dong-a Ilbo, the works were planned to be completed during the first half of 2020, but delayed due to the COVID-19 pandemic. In October 2021, Yonhap reported that the bridge ramps on the Korean side were completed since, and that the bridge would be opened soon, as North Korea would restart border trade.
# Synagogue de Nazareth

The Synagogue de Nazareth (French pronunciation:, "Nazareth Synagogue"), officially Synagogue de la rue Nazareth, is an Orthodox Jewish congregation and synagogue, located on the Rue Notre-Dame-de-Nazareth, in the IIIe arrondissement of Paris, France. The synagogue is the oldest of the 'great' synagogues of Paris.

## History

In 1810, the Ashkenazi Jews of Paris had two synagogues, one on rue Sainte-Avoye (today: rue du Temple) and another on rue du Chaulme (today: rue des Archives). Expelled from the synagogue on Saint-Avoye by the landlord in 1818, the community bought a plot of land in 1819 situated between 14 rue Neuve-Saint-Laurent (today: rue du Vertbois) and 15 rue Notre-Dame-de-Nazareth. After having received permission from the King, Louis XVIII, through the ordinance of 29 June 1819, the Assembly of the Jews of Paris, construction began under the direction of architect Sandrié de Jouy, and ended in 1822. The synagogue was built to accommodate a congregation of several hundred worshipers, including galleries for women. The synagogue on rue du Chaume was closed the following year.
Very rapidly faults began to emerge in construction, and in 1848, the building was in danger of collapsing. The police closed it in 1850 and it was destroyed. A new synagogue designed by the architect Thierry (1810–1890) was built on the site funded by donations from Baron James de Rothschild and was inaugurated in 1852.
The synagogue contains an organ, quite common among French Jews since Chief Rabbi Salomon Ulmann published a responsa in its favour. The actress Rachel was a member of the congregation. The composer Jacques Offenbach, after having arrived in Paris, was appointed, with his brother, to train and manage the choir "de la formation et de la direction du chœur" for six months from December 1833. It followed an Alsacien rite, and was the residence of the Chief Rabbis of France and of Paris until the construction of the Grand Synagogue (on rue de la Victoire) in 1875.
The French composer Ernest Cahen played the Cavaillé-Coll organ of the synagogue.
During the Second World War, in 1941 the synagogue was damaged by French collaborators. The chief rabbi of the synagogue, Joseph Saks, and his wife were arrested and deported during the Holocaust. Due to the influx of North African Jews from migration, the synagogue changed to follow the Sephardi rite.
The building was registered as a monument historique by the French authorities on June 24, 1993.

## Gallery

* View of the interior of the synagogue
* View of the gallery
* Star of David inside the synagogue
* Plaque in thanks to the King