# Outline of genetics

This article provides an outline of terminology and topics that are important to know in genetics.
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to genetics:
Genetics – science of genes, heredity, and variation in living organisms. Genetics deals with the molecular structure and function of genes, and gene behavior in context of a cell or organism (e.g. dominance and epigenetics), patterns of inheritance from parent to offspring, and gene distribution, variation and change in populations.

## Introduction to genetics

* Introduction to genetics
** Genetics
*** Chromosome
*** DNA
*** Genetic diversity
*** Genetic drift
*** Genetic variation
*** Genome
*** Heredity
*** Mutation
*** Nucleotide
*** RNA
** Introduction to evolution
*** Evolution
*** Modern evolutionary synthesis
*** Transmutation of species
*** Natural selection
*** Extinction
*** Adaptation
*** Polymorphism (biology)
*** Gene flow
*** Biodiversity
*** Biogeography
*** Phylogenetic tree
*** Taxonomy (biology)
*** Mendelian inheritance
*** Molecular evolution

## Branches of genetics

* Classical genetics
* Developmental genetics
* Conservation genetics
* Ecological genetics
* Epigenetics
* Evolutionary genetics
* Genetic engineering
** Metagenics
* Genetic epidemiology
** Archaeogenetics
*** Archaeogenetics of the Near East
* Genetics of intelligence
* Genetic testing
* Genomics
* Human genetics
** Human evolutionary genetics
** Human mitochondrial genetics
* Medical genetics
** Immunogenetics
* Microbial genetics
* Molecular genetics
* Neurogenetics
* Population genetics
* Plant genetics
* Psychiatric genetics
* Quantitative genetics
* Statistical genetics

### Multi-disciplinary fields that include genetics

* Evolutionary anthropology

## History of genetics

History of genetics

### Natural history of genetics

* History of molecular evolution
* Cladistics
* Transitional fossil
* Extinction event
* Timeline of the evolutionary history of life

### History of the science of genetics

History of genetics
* Ancient Concepts of Heredity
* Experiments on Plant Hybridization
* History of evolutionary thought
* History of genetic engineering
* History of genomics
* History of paleontology
* History of plant systematics
* Neanderthal genome project
* Timeline of paleontology

## General genetics concepts

* Molecules
** amino acids
** Nucleobase
*** Adenine
*** Cytosine
*** Guanine
*** Thymine
*** Uracil
* Adenovirus
* Antibody
* Bacteria
* Codon
* Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
* Messenger RNA
** mRNA
* Enzyme
* Exon
* Intron
* nucleotide
* allele
* animal model
* antisense
* apoptosis
* autosomal dominant
* autosome
* bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC)
* base pair
* birth defect
* bone marrow transplantation
* cancer
* candidate gene
* carcinoma
* carrier
* cDNA library
* cell
* centimorgan
* centromere
* chromosome
* chromosomal translocation
* cloning
* congenital disorder
* contig
* craniosynostosis
* cystic fibrosis
* cytogenetic map
* deletion
* diabetes mellitus
* diploid
* DNA replication
* DNA sequencing
* dominant
* double helix
* duplication
* electrophoresis
* fibroblasts
* fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH)
* gene
* gene amplification
* gene expression
* gene library
* gene mapping
* gene pool
* gene therapy
* gene transfer
* genetic code
** ATGC
* genetic counseling
* genetic linkage
* genetic map
* genetic marker
* genetic screening
* genome
* genotype
* germ line
* haploid
* haploinsufficiency
* hematopoietic stem cell
* heterozygous
* highly conserved sequence
* holoprosencephaly
* homologous recombination
* homozygous
* human artificial chromosome (HAC)
* Human Genome Project
* human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
** acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)
* hybridization
* immunotherapy
* in situ hybridization
* inherited
* insertion
* intellectual property rights
* Jurassic Park (genetics of)
* karyotype
* knockout
* leukemia
* List of human genetic disorders
* locus
* LOD score
* lymphocyte
* malformation
* Gene mapping
* marker
* melanoma
* Mendel, Johann (Gregor)
* Mendelian inheritance
* Metaphase
* microarray technology
* microsatellite
* mitochondrial DNA
* monosomy
* mouse model
* multiple endocrine neoplasia, type 1
** MEN1)
* mutation
* non-coding DNA
* non-directiveness
* nonsense mutation
* Northern blot
* Nucleic acid sequence
* nucleus
* oligo
* oncogene
* oncovirus
* p53
* Particulate inheritance theory
* patent
* pedigree
* peptide
* phenotype
* physical map
* polydactyly
* polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
* polymorphism
* positional cloning
* primary immunodeficiency
* primer
* probe
* promoter
* pronucleus
* protease
* protein
* pseudogene
* recessive
* recombinant DNA
* repressor
* restriction enzymes
* restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP)
* retrovirus
* ribonucleic acid (RNA)
* ribosome
* risk communication
* sequence-tagged site (STS)
* sex chromosome
* sex-linked
* shotgun sequencing
* single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)
* somatic cells
* Southern blot
* spectral karyotype (SKY)
* substitution
* suicide gene
* syndrome
* technology transfer
* transgenic
* trisomy
* tumor suppressor gene
* vector
* Western blot
* yeast artificial chromosome (YAC)

## Genetic Modification

* Genetic engineering
* Genetically modified organism
* Genetically modified food
* Genetically modified crops
* Norman Borlaug

## Genetic research and Darwinism

* DNA sequencing
* Medical genetics
* Genomics
* Evolutionary ideas of the Renaissance and Enlightenment
* On the Origin of Species
* Charles Darwin
* The eclipse of Darwinism

## Concepts of Evolution

* Common descent
* Evidence of common descent
* Speciation
* Co-operation (evolution)
* Adaptive radiation
* Coevolution
* Divergent evolution
* Convergent evolution
* Parallel evolution
* Evolutionary developmental biology
* Evolutionary biology
* Evolutionary history of life
* Human evolution
* Evolutionary taxonomy

## Geneticists
### Classical geneticists

* Gregor Mendel
* Hugo de Vries
* William Bateson
* Thomas Hunt Morgan
* Alfred Sturtevant
* Ronald Fisher
* Frederick Griffith
* Jean Brachet
* Edward Lawrie Tatum
* George Wells Beadle

### DNA era geneticists

* Oswald Theodore Avery
* Colin McLeod
* Erwin Chargaff
* Barbara McClintock
* James Watson
* Francis Crick

### Genomics era geneticists

* Francis Collins
* Walter Fiers
* Eric Lander
* Kary Banks Mullis
* Lap-Chee Tsui
* Frederick Sanger

## Genetics-related organizations

* List of genetics research organizations