OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Scheduled monuments in Herefordshire

There are 273 scheduled monuments in the county of Herefordshire, England. These protected sites date from the Neolithic period in some cases and include barrows, churchyard crosses, ruined abbeys, castles, and Iron Age hill forts. In the United Kingdom, the scheduling of monuments was first initiated to ensure the preservation of "nationally important" archaeological sites or historic buildings. Protection is given to scheduled monuments under the Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Areas Act 1979.

## Notable scheduled monuments in Herefordshire

| Name | Location | Date | Notes |
| Aconbury Camp | 51°59′37″N 2°43′28″W﻿ / ﻿51.99361°N 2.72444°W﻿ / 51.99361; -2.72444 | Iron Age | Large univallate hillfort located on Aconbury Hill. |
| Arthur's Stone chambered tomb | 52°04′56.3″N 02°59′43.3″W﻿ / ﻿52.082306°N 2.995361°W﻿ / 52.082306; -2.995361 | Neolithic era | This burial monument is linked with the legend of King Arthur. |
| Brampton Bryan Castle | 52°20′52″N 2°55′35″W﻿ / ﻿52.3478°N 2.9263°W﻿ / 52.3478; -2.9263 | late 13th century-14th century AD | 14th century castle ruins. |
| Court House Dovecote | 52°19′27″N 2°44′52″W﻿ / ﻿52.3243°N 2.7479°W﻿ / 52.3243; -2.7479 | 17th century | Dovecote |
| Dinedor Camp | 52°01′25″N 2°41′47″W﻿ / ﻿52.0235°N 2.6963°W﻿ / 52.0235; -2.6963 | Iron Age | Iron Age Hillfort. |
| Dore Abbey | 51°58′04″N 2°53′37″W﻿ / ﻿51.96778°N 2.89368°W﻿ / 51.96778; -2.89368 | 1147 AD | Cistercian abbey ruins. |
| Garway Dovecote | 51°53′51″N 2°47′34″W﻿ / ﻿51.8976°N 2.7929°W﻿ / 51.8976; -2.7929 | 14th century | Dovecote |
# Pepijn

Pepijn is the Dutch form of the masculine given name Pippin. Before the 1960s, the name was rarely used in the Netherlands, but it has become quite popular since the turn of the century. As a patronymic surname, it appears to be extinct in Belgium and the Netherlands. People with the name include:

## Given name

* Pepijn Aardewijn (born 1970), Dutch rower
* Pepijn Bijsterbosch (born 1989), Dutch motorcycle racer
* Pepijn Caudron (born 1975), Belgian composer and producer known as "Kreng"
* Pepijn van Erp (born 1972), Dutch mathematician and skeptic
* Pepijn Lijnders (born 1983), Dutch football manager
* Pepijn van den Nieuwendijk (born 1970), Dutch painter and ceramist
* Don Pepijn Schipper (born 1980), Dutch DJ known as "Don Diablo"
* Pepijn Veerman (born 1992), Dutch footballer

## Surname

* Katharina Pepijn (1619–1688), Flemish painter
* Marten Pepijn (1575–1643), Flemish painter
# Olivia Ward-Duin

Olivia Ward-Duin (born 23 January 1993) is a New Zealand rugby union player.

## Biography

Ward-Duin replaced Aldora Itunu in the Black Ferns 30-player squad to the 2019 Super Series in San Diego, but she did not feature at the tournament.
Ward-Duin was named in a 28-player squad for the 2019 Laurie O'Reilly Cup. She made her international debut for New Zealand on 10 August 2019 against Australia at Perth. She also featured in the second test in Auckland.
After making her Black Ferns debut Ward-Duin was named as captain of her North Harbour side for the 2019 Farah Palmer Cup season.
Ward-Duin featured for the New Zealand Barbarians against the Black Ferns in November 2020. She was named in the Possibles side that faced the Probables in the Black Ferns trial match.
On 3 November 2021, Ward-Duin was named in the Blues Women's squad for the inaugural Super Rugby Aupiki competition. She featured for the Blues in their opening game against Matatū, they won 21–10. She came off the bench in their 0–35 loss to Chiefs Manawa in the final round.
# Liolaemus poconchilensis

Liolaemus poconchilensis is a species of lizard in the family Liolaemidae. It is from Chile and Peru.
# Amphisbaena kraoh

Amphisbaena kraoh is a species of worm lizards found in Brazil.
# Tropiduridae

The Tropiduridae are a family of iguanid lizards. The family is sometimes considered a subfamily, Tropidurinae. The subfamily is native to South America, including the islands of Trinidad and the Galápagos. Commonly known as Neotropical ground lizards, most are ground-dwelling animals, and the subfamily includes some lizards adapted to relatively cold climates, including those of the Andes mountains and Tierra del Fuego. Several species give birth to live young.
A 2021 study described a novel escutcheon-type generation gland ('α-gland') in tropidurines, found in at least 39 species. This gland is believed to be the main potential source of semiochemicals in this group indicating its importance in chemical signalling, an essential component of the communication system of lizards.

## Genera

The family Tropiduridae contains the following eight genera.
* Eurolophosaurus Frost, Rodrigues, T. Grant & Titus, 2001
* Microlophus A.M.C. Duméril & Bibron, 1837 – lava lizards and Pacific iguanas (sometimes in Tropidurus)
* Plica Gray, 1830
* Stenocercus A.M.C. Duméril & Bibron, 1837 – whorltail iguanas
* Strobilurus Wiegmann, 1834
* Tropidurus Wied-Neuwied, 1824 (including Platynotus, Tapinurus)
* Uracentron Kaup, 1827 – thornytail iguanas (sometimes in Tropidurus)
* Uranoscodon Kaup, 1825
# 1929 South Atlantic Association season

The 1929 South Atlantic Association was a Class B baseball season played between April 15 and September 7. Eight teams played a 150-game schedule, with the winner of each half of the season qualifying for the playoffs.
The Knoxville Smokies won the South Atlantic Association championship, defeating the Asheville Tourists in the playoffs.

## Team changes

* The Macon Peaches became an affiliate for the Brooklyn Robins.

## Teams

1929 South Atlantic Association :
| Team | City | MLB Affiliate | Stadium |
| Asheville Tourists | Asheville, North Carolina | None | McCormick Field |
| Augusta Tygers | Augusta, Georgia | None | Municipal Stadium |
| Charlotte Hornets | Charlotte, North Carolina | None | Wearn Field |
| Columbia Comers | Columbia, South Carolina | None | Dreyfus Park |
| Greenville Spinners | Greenville, South Carolina | None | Spinner's Park |
| Knoxville Smokies | Knoxville, Tennessee | None | Caswell Park |
| Macon Peaches | Macon, Georgia | Brooklyn Robins | Luther Williams Field |
| Spartanburg Spartans | Spartanburg, South Carolina | None | Duncan Park |

## Regular season
### Summary

* The Knoxville Smokies finish the season with the best record for the first time in franchise history.

### Standings

South Atlantic Association :
| Team | Win | Loss | % | GB |
| Knoxville Smokies | 85 | 61 | .582 | – |
| Asheville Tourists | 84 | 62 | .575 | 1 |
| Charlotte Hornets | 79 | 67 | .541 | 6 |
| Greenville Spinners | 71 | 73 | .493 | 13 |
| Macon Peaches | 69 | 79 | .466 | 17 |
| Augusta Tygers | 68 | 78 | .466 | 17 |
| Columbia Comers | 68 | 79 | .463 | 17.5 |
| Spartanburg Spartans | 59 | 84 | .413 | 24.5 |

## League Leaders
### Batting leaders

| Stat | Player | Total |
| AVG | Eric McNair, Knoxville Smokies | .391 |
| H | Odie Strain, Augusta Tygers | 202 |
| 2B | Abie Hood, Charlotte Hornets | 41 |
| 3B | Gordon Johnson, Columbia Comers | 20 |
| HR | Frank Welch, Greenville Spinners | 29 |

### Pitching leaders

| Stat | Player | Total |
| W | John Walker, Knoxville Smokies | 25 |
| ERA | Dick Niehaus, Spartanburg Spartans | 2.80 |
| IP | Harold Hillin, Spartanburg Spartans | 305.0 |

## Playoffs

* The Knoxville Smokies won their first South Atlantic League championship, defeating the Asheville Tourists in five games.

### Playoff bracket

| Finals | Finals | Finals |
| 1 | Knoxville | 4 |
| 2 | Asheville | 1 |
# 2021 Westchester County Executive election

"none" is preferred when the title is already sufficiently detailed; see [[WP:SDNONE]]
The 2021 Westchester County Executive election was held on November 2, 2021. The election was between incumbent county executive George Latimer and former advisor to former county executive Rob Astorino Christine Sculti. The elections were held on the same day as elections for Westchester County Board of Legislators. Latimer defeated Sculti by a comfortable margin.

## General election

2021 Westchester County Executive election :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | Percentage |
| | Democratic | George S. Latimer | 97,508 | 58.80% |
| | Working Families | George S. Latimer | 6,100 | 3.68% |
| | Total | George S. Latimer (incumbent) | 103,608 | 62.47% |
| | Republican | Christine Sculti | 60,141 | 36.26% |
| | Conservative | Christine Sculti | 2,093 | 1.26% |
| | Total | Christine Sculti | 62,234 | 37.53% |
| Totals | Totals | Totals | 165,842 | 100.00% |
| | Democratic hold | Democratic hold | Democratic hold | Democratic hold |
# Jeevun Sandher

Dr Jeevun Gurpreet Singh Sandher (born September 1990) is a British Labour Party politician who has served as the member of parliament for Loughborough since 2024, gaining the seat from Jane Hunt.

## Early life

Sandher was born in Luton, Bedfordshire into a British Punjabi Sikh family with origins from Jalandhar, Punjab.

## Career

Sandher graduated with a PhD in Political Economy from King’s College London in 2022. Prior to that he was awarded an MSc in Economic Development and Policy Analysis and a BA in Economics and Philosophy from the University of Nottingham. He now leads the economics team at the New Economics Foundation. Before undertaking his doctorate, Sandher worked in Somaliland as an economist in the Ministry of Finance. He has also had roles in HM Treasury, and the Department for Work and Pensions, where he advised on budgeting, macroeconomic policy, inequality, poverty and social security. While studying for his PhD, he co-hosted the Politics JaM podcast. He was also an active member of the Young Fabians.

## Political career

Sandher was selected as the prospective parliamentary candidate for Loughborough in December 2022. He won the seat at the 2024 general election with an 11.8% swing from the Conservatives. His majority of 4,960 votes represented an 11.7% margin of victory and a 2.1% increase in vote share for Labour.
Upon entering Parliament, Sandher made his maiden speech on 4 September 2024.
Sandher was approved as a member of the Treasury Select Committee in a Commons motion on 21 October 2024. Prior to this, he was appointed chair of the All-party parliamentary groups (APPGs) concerning India and Hydrogen.
Politically, Sandher has been described as sitting on the soft left of the Labour Party.
Sandher is a co-sponsor of Kim Leadbeater's Terminally Ill Adults (End of Life) Bill which proposes to legalise assisted suicide.

## Personal life

Sandher and fellow newly elected Labour MP Louise Jones announced their engagement, shortly after his proposal on 1 December 2024. He met the new North East Derbyshire MP in Loughborough in January 2023 when they were both still on the campaign trail.
# Tropidurus hygomi

Tropidurus hygomi, also known commonly as Reinhardt's lava lizard, is a species of lizard in the family Tropiduridae. The species is native to the Northeast Region of Brazil.

## Etymology

The specific name, hygomi, is in honor of Danish merchant seaman Vilhelm Johannes Willaius Hygom (born 1818), who collected natural history specimens, both land and marine.

## Geographic range

T. hygomi is found in the Brazilian states of Bahia and Sergipe.

## Habitat

The preferred natural habitat of T. hygomi is sandy areas, in forest and shrubland.

## Description

T. hygomi has an average snout-to-vent length (SVL) of 3.43 cm (1.35 in).

## Behavior

T. hygomi is terrestrial and diurnal.

## Diet

T. hygomi preys predominately upon ants, beetles, and termites, but also eats larvae and adults of other insects, spiders, wood lice, centipedes, and millipedes.

## Reproduction

T. hygomi is oviparous.
# Dutch door

A Dutch door (American English), stable door (British English), or half door (Hiberno-English) is a door divided in such a fashion that the bottom half may remain shut while the top half opens. They were known in early New England as double-hung doors. The initial purpose of this door design was to keep animals out of farmhouses or to keep children inside while allowing light and air to filter through the open top, essentially combining a door with a fairly large window. When the top half was open, they also allowed a breeze, but stopped the wind from blowing dirt into the house.

## Uses

This type of door was common in the Netherlands in the 17th century and appears in Dutch paintings of the period. They were also commonly found in the culturally-Dutch areas of New York and New Jersey before the American Revolution.
Dutch doors were often incorporated into the design of passenger railcars in North America to allow crewmen to interact with employees outside or to carry out visual inspections. In Australia, post-war passenger cars and brakevans were similarly configured. However, those on passenger cars were later converted to conventional doors for passenger safety reasons. In Canada, changes to operating rules rendered the Dutch doors obsolete, although older rolling stock retains them.
Similar doors were once commonplace in Irish houses, called half-doors (Irish: leathdoras or comhla bheag). According to The Irish Times, "A traditional half-door is really a door and a half – a full door that opens inwards and a half door set to the front of the frame that opens outwards." They were designed to keep poultry and pigs from entering the house, as well as allowing air and sunlight into the usually dark and smoky cottages.
They have been used internally in residential care homes to control wandering but maintain a line of sight and in child-care environments, but in that context, there are risks of finger-trapping and concerns over fire regulations.
# Powdered sugar

Powdered sugar, also called confectioners' sugar and icing sugar is a finely ground sugar produced by milling granulated sugar into a powdered state. It usually contains between 2% and 5% of an anti-caking agent—such as corn starch, potato starch or tricalcium phosphate—to absorb moisture, prevent clumping, and improve flow. Although most often produced in a factory, a proxy for powdered sugar can be made by processing ordinary granulated sugar in a coffee grinder, or by crushing it by hand in a mortar and pestle.

## Use

Powdered sugar is used in industrial food production when a quick-dissolving sugar is required. Home cooks use it principally to make icing or frosting and other cake decorations. It is often dusted onto baked goods to add a subtle sweetness and delicate decoration.
Powdered sugar is available in varying degrees of fineness, most commonly XXX, XXXX, and 10X: the greater the number of Xs, the finer the particles. The most commonly used powdered sugars are those categorized as 6X and 10X. Finer particles absorb more moisture, which results in caking. Because of anticaking agents, it cannot always be used as a substitute for granulated sugar. Canadian regulations limit powdered sugar to 5% starch or an anticaking agent.

## Other varieties
### Caster sugar

Caster sugar (also referred to as superfine, bar, or baker's sugar) has a larger particle size than powdered sugar, approximately half that of granulated sugar, and has no added starch. It is commonly used in baking and cold mixed drinks because it dissolves faster than granulated white sugar. Caster sugar can be easily prepared at home by grinding white sugar in a food processor to make it finer. The most common food caster sugar is used in is meringue.

### Snow powder

Snow powder (or snow sugar) is a non-melting form of icing sugar used for visual appeal on cakes or pastries that require refrigeration. It usually contains glucose, starch, and anti-binding agents (such as titanium dioxide, which gives it a vibrant white color), and retains its structure and look even when dusted onto baked goods that are slightly wet, such as fruit bars and tarts. It will not melt even if it is sprinkled on whipped cream or ice cream. It is mostly used for decorative purposes.
Snow sugar is less sweet than regular powdered sugar because glucose is around 20% less sweet than table sugar, which also contains fructose. Fructose tastes more than twice as sweet as glucose.

## History

Factory-made powdered sugar became available during the 19th century. Before that, sugar came in the form of a sugar loaf, and bakers ground and sieved the lumps of sugar to get fine icing sugar.
# Hermann Tomasgaard

Hermann Tomasgaard (born 4 January 1994) is a Norwegian competitive sailor, born in Lørenskog. He qualified to represent Norway at the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo 2021, winning a bronze medal in Laser.
He won a silver medal at the 2024 Laser World Championships in Australia.
He was selected to represent Norway at the 2024 Summer Olympics.
# Maksym Pryadun

Maksym Oleksandrovych Pryadun (Ukrainian: Максим Олександрович Прядун; born 17 February 1997) is a Ukrainian professional footballer who plays as a centre-forward for Maltese Premier League club Sliema Wanderers F.C..

## Career

Maksym Pryadun was born in Uman. Pryadun is a product of FC Olimpik Kirovohrad and FC Illichivets youth sportive school systems. Then he signed a professional contract with FC Illichivets Mariupol in the Ukrainian Premier League.
He made his debut for FC Zirka as a substituted player in the second half-time in the match against FC Volyn Lutsk on 20 May 2017 in the Ukrainian Premier League. Next season in August 2017, Pryadun was recognized as a player of the month in the Ukrainian Premier League.

## Honours

Individual
* Ukrainian Premier League player of the Month: 2017–18 (August)
# Allan Mossop

Sir Allan George Mossop (30 July 1887 – 14 June 1965) was a British judge of South African origin who served in China. He was the Chief Judge of the British Supreme Court for China from 1933 to 1943.

## Early life

Mossop was born in Fish Hoek, in the Cape Colony in 1887 and was the seventh son of Joseph Mossop. He was educated at the Kingswood College, Grahamstown and the South African College, Cape Town. He then went to university in England attending Pembroke College, Cambridge graduating with an MA and LLB. He was called to the Bar of the Inner Temple in 1908.

## Career

Mossop moved to Shanghai, China soon after being called as a barrister and was admitted to practice before the British Supreme Court for China and Corea in 1909.
In 1916, Mossop was appointed the Crown Advocate for Weihaiwei when Hiram Parkes Wilkinson, the Crown Advocate for China who had held that position was appointed Judge in Weihaiwei. In 1926 on Wilkinson's retirement as Crown Advocate for China, Mossop was appointed Crown Advocate for China. As Crown Advocate, Mossop was allowed to continue private practice as a barrister.
In December 1933, he was appointed Chief Judge of the British Supreme Court for China on the retirement of Sir Peter Grain. He was knighted in May 1937.

## Closure of Court, Retirement and Death

At the beginning of the Pacific War, on 8 December 1941, Japanese troops occupied the court house of the British Supreme Court in Shanghai. Mossop was interned for 5 months before being repatriated to England.
His appointment as judge was formally terminated in May 1943 after the Sino-British Treaty for the Relinquishment of Extra-Territorial Rights in China was ratified.
Mossop returned to China in 1946 as an advisor to the British Embassy in China. He retired in 1947 and returned to his home in Fish Hoek, Cape Town, South Africa. He died on 14 June 1965 in Cape Town. He was buried in Muizenberg Cemetery, Cape Town.
# Crucifixion (Tintoretto)

The Crucifixion by Tintoretto is a large painting in oil on canvas, installed in the Sala dell'Albergo of the Scuola Grande di San Rocco, Venice. It is signed and dated 1565. This painting is one of the most dramatic versions of the Crucifixion in the history of Christian art.
Tintoretto painted other images of the Crucifixion as well, including one that is in the Church of San Cassiano in Venice (1568), one that is in Church of the Gesuati in Venice (c. 1565)., and one that is in the Gallerie dell'Accademia in Venice and was formerly in the Church of San Severo in Venice. Colm Tóibín wrote about visiting all four of these paintings.
# Tun Mutahir of Malacca

Bendahara Sri Maharaja Tun Mutahir (died 1510) was a famous Bendahara of the Malaccan Sultanate. Of Tamil Muslim ancestry, he was the seventh Bendahara, a post equivalent to a prime minister. Prior to holding the post of Bendahara, he also held the post of Temenggung. He was also an influential Tamil Muslim leader in Malacca who elected Tamil Muslims to important posts in the Malaccan government.
Raja Mudaliar, after learning that a legal opponent had bribed the bendahara into siding with him, employed the assistance of Laksamana Khoja Hassan to spread rumors claiming that Tun Mutahir was scheming to take over the throne.
The Sultan then ordered the execution of Mutahir's family with the exception of Tun Fatimah, Mutahir's daughter whom the sultan desired to marry. Upon realising his mistake, Sultan Mahmud abdicated in favour of his son, Sultan Ahmad Shah.
# Topock Fire

The Topock Fire (known as the Pirate Fire in California) was a fire that burned in Arizona and California, and was named for nearby Topock, Arizona.
# George Stovall

George Thomas Stovall (November 23, 1877 – November 5, 1951), nicknamed "Firebrand", was an American first baseman in Major League Baseball. He played for the Cleveland Naps and the St. Louis Browns in the American League, and he also played two seasons with the Kansas City Packers of the short-lived Federal League. He was the manager of the Naps for one season in 1911, and in 1912, he went to the Browns, serving as player-manager for two seasons. In 1914, he jumped to the Packers as a first baseman-manager. In 1916, he signed with the Toledo Mud Hens and played a season there before retiring from baseball at age 39.
In 5596 career at bats, Stovall had 1382 hits. He recorded 231 doubles and 142 career stolen bases. While for the most part a first baseman, he did play some second base and even third base, especially early in his career. In 1905, he played 46 of his 112 games at second. Every year from 1905 until 1910, Stovall recorded at least 1390 stolen bases.
In late 1913, Stovall was suspended by the American League for spitting tobacco juice at an umpire. However, league president Ban Johnson did not think this went far enough, and ordered Stovall fired. He was succeeded by the relatively little-known (at the time) Branch Rickey.
His elder brother, Jesse Stovall, pitched two seasons in the major leagues.

## Managerial record

| Team | Year | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Postseason | Postseason | Postseason | Postseason |
| Team | Year | Games | Won | Lost | Win % | Finish | Won | Lost | Win % | Result |
| CLE | 1911 | 136 | 74 | 62 | .200 | 3rd in AL | – | – | – | – |
| CLE total | CLE total | 136 | 74 | 62 | .544 | | 0 | 0 | – | |
| SLB | 1912 | 117 | 43 | 74 | .368 | 7th in AL | – | – | – | – |
| SLB | 1913 | 132 | 48 | 84 | .364 | Fired | – | – | – | – |
| SLB total | SLB total | 249 | 91 | 158 | .365 | | 0 | 0 | – | |
| KCP | 1914 | 151 | 67 | 84 | .444 | 8th in FL | – | – | – | – |
| KCP | 1915 | 153 | 81 | 72 | .529 | 4th in FL | – | – | – | – |
| KCP total | KCP total | 304 | 148 | 156 | .487 | | 0 | 0 | – | |
| Total | Total | 689 | 313 | 376 | .454 | | 0 | 0 | – | |
# Bishop, Virginia and West Virginia

Bishop is an unincorporated community located in McDowell County, West Virginia, and Tazewell County, Virginia, United States. Bishop lies on the Virginia-West Virginia state line at the intersection of West Virginia Route 16 and West Virginia Route 161.