OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Xiuba Ancient Fortress

The Xiuba Ancient Fortress (Chinese: 秀巴古堡; Tibetan: ཤུ་པ་དམར་པོའི་རྫོང), located in Xiuba Village, Bahe Town, Gongbo'gyamda County, Tibet Autonomous Region, is a 1,600-year-old military complex and one of Tibet's oldest and best-preserved stone fortification systems.

## Geography

Situated along National China National Highway 318 near the Nyang River, the fortress originally comprised seven towers arranged in a Big Dipper formation, with five remaining today. These 50-meter-high towers, built with interlocking slate and wooden beams, exhibit a unique twelve-faced, twelve-edged prismatic exterior and an octagonal interior. Their 2-meter-thick walls have strategic observation ports and were made to connect with iron chains for coordinated defense. This shows how advanced the military engineering was in the Tibetan Empire during the rule of Songtsen Gampo.

## Ecology

Fortress is embedded within the Nyang River Valley's biodiversity corridor, surrounded by mixed coniferous forests, alpine meadows, and glacial streams. The area supports endemic species like the Himalayan blue poppy and serves as a critical habitat for migratory birds.

## Culture

The site is intertwined with the epic of King Gesar, who allegedly conquered demonic forces here using dawn ambush tactics, and local legends recount conflicts between Tibetan Buddhist sects, evidenced by the name "Xiuba" (Tibetan: "flaying") referencing historical sectarian violence.

## Protection

Since its designation as a regional cultural heritage site in 2001, the fortress has integrated preservation with eco-tourism, featuring Tibet's largest prayer wheel and a museum showcasing medieval weaponry and agrarian tools. Ongoing efforts balance archaeological conservation with sustainable tourism, highlighting its dual role as a historical sentinel and a bridge between ancient Tibetan military strategy and Himalayan ecological resilience.
# Big Joe (reggae)

Big Joe (born Joseph Spalding; 1955) is a Jamaican reggae deejay and record producer, who recorded extensively in the 1970s and early 1980s.

## Biography

Spalding was born in Kingston, Jamaica in 1955, and began his recording career in the early 1970s working with producer Harry Mudie. He then worked with producer Winston Edwards and had a hit single with "Selassie Skank". He moved on to record for Coxsone Dodd at Studio One and set up his own Small Axe Hi Fi sound system and a record label. In 1978, he was part of the cast of the movie Rockers, directed by Ted Bafaloukos, where he played himself, doing toasting at a sound system party alongside producer and sound system operator Jack Ruby. In the 2000s Spalding had success as a hip hop producer and recording engineer.

## Discography

* Keep Rocking And Swinging (1976) Celluloid
* At The Control (1978) Live & Love
* African Princess (1978) Thompson Sound/Trojan
# Assist-2-Sell

Assist-2-Sell is an American real estate franchise organization operating in the United States and Canada. It was founded in 1987 by Mary LaMeres-Pomin and Lyle E. Martin and is based in Reno, Nevada.

## History

Assist-2-Sell was founded in 1987 by Mary LaMeres-Pomin and Lyle E. Martin, who had been conventional real estate agents for 10 years prior to founding Assist-2-Sell. They did not want to spend a significant portion of their time looking for clients so created a discount real estate firm in the hopes that with lower prices, clients would directly come to Assist-2-Sell. Assist-2-Sell is founded in and based in Reno.
According to The Commercial Appeal, Assist-2-Sell "falls between using a traditional real estate firm and selling your home yourself". The Portland Press Herald said in 2000, "Word of Assist-2-Sell's rates and reputation has gotten around the realty circle with reaction ranging from skepticism to intimidation."
Reno Gazette-Journal in 2002 called Assist-2-Sell "[o]ne of North America's largest residential discount realty companies". In 2006, it had 630 offices in Canada and 46 American states.
Its main competitor is the company Help-U-Sell. Newsweek said Help-U-Sell and Assist-2-Sell are "the two largest flat-fee brokerages" that in 2004 had a combined almost 900 offices.

## Services and franchise program

Assist-2-Sell has two advertising options for clients to choose from. In the first option, "Direct to Buyer", the real estate agent acts like a conventional agent by marketing the property and dealing with the documents. In the second option, "MLS for Less", sellers get all of the benefits from the previous method as well as having their house listed on the MLS. It advertises houses through newspapers, magazines, mail, and signs, as well as the iHouse2000.com website. The company receives a commission only after a house is sold.
Assist-2-Sell started its franchise program in 1995. Every franchisee is managed and held independently. Assist-2-Sell provides coaching for its franchisees by teaching them how to establish and operate a back office, how to hire real estate agents, how to draw in customers, and how to display houses. In 2004, Assist-2-Sell charged franchisees $19,500 in addition to a 5% cut of each sold home.
# Pikk Hermann

Pikk Hermann (Estonian lit. 'the Tall Hermann'; German: Langer Hermann) is a tower of the Toompea Castle, on Toompea (Domberg) hill in Tallinn (Reval), the capital of Estonia. The first part of the tower was built in 1360–1370. It was rebuilt (height brought to 45.6 metres (150 ft)) in the 16th century. A staircase with 215 steps now leads to the top of the tower. It consists of ten internal floors and a viewing platform at the top.
Pikk Hermann is situated next to the building of the Estonian parliament (Riigikogu). The flag on the top of the tower at 95 metres (312 ft) above sea level is one of the main symbols of the national government in force.
The national flag, a blue-black-white tricolour measuring 191 centimetres (75 in) by 300 centimetres (120 in), is raised and the national anthem is played at the time of sunrise (or at 7 am, whichever is later) and lowered at the time of sunset. While it is lowered, the melody of "Mu isamaa on minu arm" (My Fatherland Is My Love) is heard. For the first time, the national flag was raised to the top of Pikk Hermann in 1918, when Estonia became an independent country.
# Argente

Argente is a municipality located in the province of Teruel, Aragon, Spain. According to the 2018 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 198 inhabitants.
# Marc Hunter (athlete)

Marc Hunter (born March 5, 1956) is an American former distance runner. He ran for the United States at the 1978 IAAF World Cross Country Championships. He is the father of runner Drew Hunter.

## Running career
### High school

Hunter attended Brunswick High School in Ohio, where he graduated in 1974. During his time in high school, he competed in cross country and track. He was the runner-up at Ohio's 1972 state cross country meet, and then won the 1973 state cross meet. He was also the Ohio High School DI State champion in the mile in 1973 and 1974. As a high schooler, he recorded a personal best of 4:14 in the mile.

### Collegiate

Hunter spent his first two years at Kent State University where he led the Golden Flashes to back-to-back NCAA Cross Country Championship meets. Hunter transferred to Cleveland State University, where he continued to compete in cross country and track. During his time at Cleveland State, he ran in two consecutive NCAA DI Cross Country Championships, finishing in fourth overall in 1977 and sixth in 1978. In 1978, as a collegian, he ran for the United States' squad in the men's race at the 1978 IAAF World Cross Championships, where he finished in 72nd place overall.

### Post-collegiate

After undergraduate studies, Hunter was selected by the post-collegiate racing team Athletics West from Eugene, Oregon. He raced at the men's race at the 1979 IAAF World Cross Country Championships, this time finishing in 49th place. Hunter ran his fastest 10K on the track at the 1979 AAU Championships, where he placed fifth in the men's 10,000 in a time of 28:40.8. Also in 1979 he ran his 5K PR of 13:36.7 winning the Tom Black Classic in Knoxville, TN. In 1980, three weeks before the Olympic Trials, he won the now-famous Bolder Boulder 10k.
# Kayırlar, Pülümür

Kayırlar (Kurdish: Qayire) is a village in the Pülümür District, Tunceli Province, Turkey. The village is populated by Kurds of the Şavalan tribe and had a population of 20 in 2021.
The hamlets of Aksu, Alagöz, Aşağıkayır, Bezeli, Çağlayan, Değirmendere, Deretarla, Gümüşdere, Katır, Kırmızıtarla, Komdere, Ortakayır, Pire, Sarıbudak, Sarımeşe, Söğütdere, Yarımca, Yoncalık and Yukarıkayır are attached to the village.
# Mabula Game Reserve

Mabula Game Reserve is a private game reserve situated in the Limpopo province of South Africa. It is about 12,000 hectares (30,000 acres) in area and is about 47 km from Bela Bela (Warmbaths).

## Wildlife

The list of species found in the reserve includes sixty mammals, three hundred birds, one hundred plants and numerous reptiles and insects.
Wildlife includes the big five game animals, as well as the group of small animals called the little five.
Apart from these, the following mammals can be seen here:
Hedgehog, lesser bushbaby, vervet monkey, chacma baboon, pangolin, scrub hare, tree squirrel, spring hare, greater cane rat, porcupine, black-backed jackal, striped polecat, honey badger, Cape clawless otter, African civet, large spotted genet, small spotted genet, yellow mongoose, marsh mongoose, slender mongoose, white-tailed mongoose, banded mongoose, aardwolf, brown hyena, cheetah, caracal, serval, Southern African wildcat, black-footed cat, aardvark, rock hyrax, Burchell's zebra, bushpig, common warthog, hippo, giraffe, klipspringer, common duiker, steenbok, blesbok, reedbuck, mountain reedbuck, impala, springbok, blue wildebeest, tsessebe, red hartebeest, gemsbok, waterbuck, bushbuck, nyala, kudu, eland, and wild dogs.

## Accommodation

* The main lodge is called Mabula Game Lodge. It has 53 thatched chalets each with its own bathroom. There are also some conference facilities, restaurant, bar, playrooms, etc.
* Modjadji Camp, deeper into the bush, with its own swimming pool and tennis courts.
* Kwafubesi Tented Safari Camp.
# Conservative Friends of Palestine

This page is subject to the extended confirmed restriction related to the Arab-Israeli conflict.
The Conservative Friends of Palestine (CFoP) is a parliamentary group within the British Conservative Party that promotes and advocates for "peace and justice" in Palestine and is currently chaired by ex-cabinet minister Sayeeda Warsi, Baroness Warsi who co-founded it with Flick Drummond.
Within the first two months of founding, there were 35 Conservative MP and members of the House of Lords in the group, making up just 6% of the total, in contrast to Conservative Friends of Israel which represent two thirds of Conservative parliamentarians.

## Founding

It was founded in May 2023 with the view of being a vehicle "to provide accurate and balanced information to parliamentarians on the issue of Palestine and Israel" and was originally intended to be named the Conservative Friends of Palestine and Israel to reflect this. The perceived lack of balance within the party led to its current name. Its founding was welcomed by Ben Jamal, the Director of the Palestine Solidarity Campaign stating that "any counter to the dominant voice of Conservative Friends of Israel in the Conservative Party is to be welcomed." It was founded as a "platform to engage and learn beyond the narrow remit" of Conservative Friends of Israel.
Since its founding it has engaged directly with the British-Israel and British-Palestinian communities and currently works with the pro-Palestinian Conservative Middle East Council to helping "lawmakers grasp the region as a whole."
A Conservative Friends of Palestine group was launched at a meeting addressed by the PLO's London representative, Faisal Oweida, at the Conservative Party Conference in Blackpool in October, 1989.
An unrelated, grass-root group founded in 2019 also previously existed with the same name but disbanded in late 2022, which Flick Drummond claims that she and Warsi "re-founded".

## Current parliamentary members

As of 2024, the parliamentary members of the group are:
| MP | Constituency |
| Flick Drummond | Meon Valley |
| Richard Fuller | North East Bedfordshire |
| Leo Docherty | Aldershot |
| Jonathan Lord | Woking |
| Neil O'Brien | Harborough |
| Mark Pritchard | The Wrekin |
| Edward Leigh | Gainsborough |
# 1940 Football League War Cup final

The 1940 Football League War Cup final was contested by West Ham United and Blackburn Rovers.

## Route to the final

En route to the final West Ham played Chelsea, Leicester City, Huddersfield Town and Birmingham City before a semi-final with Fulham which they won 4-3.

## Match

It was played on 8 June 1940 and kicked off at 6.30pm despite fears that London would be bombed by the Luftwaffe. The wartime crowd included wounded members of the BEF recently evacuated from Dunkirk. West Ham won the tie 1–0; the only goal coming from Sam Small in the 34th minute when he followed up a parried shot from George Foreman.

## Match details

Herman Conway :
| | 2 | Charlie Bicknell |
| | 3 | Charlie Walker |
| | 4 | Ted Fenton |
| | 5 | Dick Walker |
| | 6 | Joe Cockroft |
| | 7 | Sam Small |
| | 8 | Archie Macaulay |
| | 9 | George Foreman |
| | 10 | Len Goulden |
| | 11 | Stan Foxall |
| Manager: |||
| Charlie Paynter ||||
James Barron :
| | 2 | Billy Hough |
| | 3 | Walter Crook |
| | 4 | Arnold Whiteside |
| | 5 | Bob Pryde |
| | 6 | Frank Chivers |
| | 7 | William Rodgers |
| | 8 | Len Butt |
| | 9 | John Weddle |
| | 10 | Albert Clarke |
| | 11 | Billy Guest |
| Manager: |||
| Bob Crompton ||||

## Post match

The trophy was presented to the winning team by A. V. Alexander, First Lord of the Admiralty.
As the match was played during wartime, no reception was held for the winning team. Some players went to the Boleyn public house on Green Street for a few pints whilst others returned immediately to their service units.
# Vemuri Gaggayya

Vemuri Gaggayya (1895–1955) was an Indian actor and singer known for his works in Telugu cinema, and Telugu theatre.
Gaggayya was an important member of the "Mylavarama Bala Bharathi Nataka Samajam" in Mylavaram, Krishna district during 1913–28. Through "Mylavaram Theatre", Gaggayya became a household name for mythological roles. His theatrical performances made C. Pullayya to persuade him to enter the film industry.
In 1933, he acted in the film Sati Savitri, directed by Pullayya, as Yama. The film received an honorary diploma at the 2nd Venice Film Festival. His other prominent roles are Kamsa in Sri Krishna Leelalu (1935), Jalandhara in Sati Tulasi (1936), womaniser in Chandika (1940), and Hiranyakasipu in Bhakta Prahlada (1942). He is known for rendering songs such as "Po Bala Pommikan" and "Dhikkaramulu Saituna".

## Early life

Gaggayya was born in 1895 at Vemuru in Guntur district, Andhra Pradesh. He lost his father in early childhood. His elder brother tried to educate him but failed in his efforts. He married Ramalaxmi in 1913. During those days, Surabhi Drama company used to be played throughout the Andhra Pradesh and attracts huge crowds. Influenced by this, he learned music and singing songs. He joined the same troupe and acted in many plays touring with them.

## Personal life

His son Vemuri Ramayya was also a stage actor.

## Death

Vemuri Gaggayya died in 1955 on 30 December in his native village Vemuru.

## Filmography

* Savithri (1933) – Yama
* Seeta Kalyanam (1934)
* Sri Krishna Leelalu (1935) – Kamsa
* Draupadi Vastrapaharanam (1936) – Sisupala
* Sati Tulasi (1936)
* Mohini Rugmangada (1937)
* Jarasandha (1938)
* Bhakta Markandeya (1938) – Yama
* Chandika (1940) – Giriraju
* Mahiravana (1940) – Mairavana
* Dakshayagnam (1941) – Daksha
* Bhakta Prahlada (1942) – Hiranyakashipu
* Seeta Rama Jananam (1942) – Ravana
* Garuda Garvabhangam (1943)
# Thomas Jesse Drumheller

Thomas Jesse Drumheller (January 18, 1873 – January 28, 1954) was an American football player, lawyer and sheep rancher. He played college football as the quarterback for the University of Michigan in 1896 and was the roommate of Herbert Hoover at Stanford University. He was the son of a pioneer family of Walla Walla, Washington, and later became owner of one of the largest sheep ranches in the Pacific Northwest, with a ranch of nearly 25,000 acres. He was also the president of the Washington State Wool Growers Association from 1913 to 1948.

## Early years

Drumheller's father, Jesse "Curly" Drumheller, was one of the early pioneers of Walla Walla, Washington, having moved to the area as a transportation manager with the U.S. troops in the war of 1855–1856. His father became known as "an Indian fighter" and "one of the largest land holders of his county." Drumheller was born in 1873 and raised in Walla Walla.
In the 1890s, Drumheller was sent east to attend the University of Michigan. While attending Michigan, he played college football and was a quarterback for the 1896 Michigan Wolverines football team. Drumheller received a bachelor of law degree from Michigan. He also attended Stanford University, where he was a roommate of future U.S. President Herbert Hoover.

## Business and ranching career

Drumheller returned to the Pacific Northwest and practiced law for a time at Spokane, Washington. In 1900, he participated in the Alaska gold rush, bringing the first horses into the gold mining area. In 1902, he was described in the University of Michigan's alumni records as a farmer in Walla Walla. In the early 1900s, he also purchased the O'Donnell Hardware Company with his father Jesse and brother Oscar as partners. This business became the Drumheller Hardware Company in Walla Walla. which was run by the Drumheller family until 1987. In 1910, Tom sold his interest in the Drumheller Company and went into the sheep business. In 1937, The Michigan Alumnus reported that he was operating a large ranch near Grand Coulee Dam. Along with his son Thomas J. Drumheller, Jr., he operated a sheep ranch of 25,000 acres near Ephrata, Washington. He was a pioneering sheep rancher of eastern Washington's Inland Empire and also served as the president of the Washington State Wool Growers Association from 1913 to 1948. He had a reputation for having "a knack for getting things done in the wool industry" and an ability to "get wool growers together on important problems concerning the industry."

## Family and death

Drumheller married Nellie M. Day in December 1900. After his first wife died in November 1916, he married Edith Drummond in February 1921. In January 1954, Drumheller died of a heart attack at age 81. He was attending a meeting of the Northwest Livestock Production Credit Association in Portland, Oregon, at the time of his death. He was survived by his second wife, Edith, and his son, Thomas J. Drumheller, Jr.
# The Ordeal of Dr. Mudd

The Ordeal of Dr. Mudd is a 1980 historical drama film directed by Paul Wendkos. Based on a true story, it revolves around the 1865 assassination of Abraham Lincoln. Dennis Weaver plays the lead role of Dr. Samuel A. Mudd, who was imprisoned for conspiring with John Wilkes Booth in the killing.

## Production

In 1979, during the filming of the movie on Monterey Square in Savannah, Georgia, preservationist and antiques dealer Jim Williams hung a flag of Nazi Germany outside of a window at his Mercer House home in an attempt to disrupt the shoot, after the film company declined to make a donation to the local humane society, as Williams had requested. The Congregation Mickve Israel, located across the square, complained to the city. Williams was later the main subject of John Berendt's 1994 book Midnight in the Garden of Good and Evil.

## Historical accuracy

At the end of the film a written message appears stating that President Jimmy Carter "exonerated [Mudd] of all guilt in the assassination of Abraham Lincoln". Reviewer Bill Steigerwald stated this was misleading: Carter had written a letter to Mudd's grandson in 1979 saying that he (Carter) "personally felt that Dr. Mudd was innocent" but that this was "by no means an official act". A response from the film's producers noted that Time magazine had also summarized events by remarking that "President Carter has exonerated [Mudd] of guilt".

## Cast

* Dennis Weaver as Dr. Samuel A. Mudd
* Susan Sullivan as Frances Mudd
* Richard Dysart as Edwin Stanton
* Michael McGuire as Captain Murdock
* Nigel Davenport as Colonel George St. Leger Grenfell
* Arthur Hill as General Thomas Ewing Jr.
* Larry Larson as Thorpe
* Bill Gribble as John Wilkes Booth
# Grindsted GIF Håndbold

Grindsted GIF Håndbold is a handball club based in the town of Grindsted in Jutland, Denmark. The club was founded in 1902. Grindsted competes in the men's Danish Handball League in the 2024/25 season for the first time in club history.
In 2016 they played in Serie 1, the 6th tier of Danish handball. In 2018 they were promoted to the second division.
In 2020 they were promoted to the Danish 1st division, the second tier, and two years after they were close to promotion, but lost the playoff matches.
In 2024 they secured promotion by winning the Danish 1st division, being a fully amateur team while doing it. In 2023 the club formally became a profesional handball club, but chose not sign any contracts with any players. During their first season in the Danish top division, they reached the semifinal of the Danish Cup for the first time in club history. They did however lose the semifinal to Bjerringbro-Silkeborg 23:37. They also lost the third place play-off to SønderjyskE Håndbold the day after by 24-25. This was the first time a newly promoted team had reached the semifinals of the Danish cup.
# Molly Bawn (novel)

Molly Bawn is an 1878 novel by the Irish writer Margaret Wolfe Hungerford. In 1916 it was adapted into a silent film of the same title starring Alma Taylor.
Molly Bawn, Hungerford's best-known novel, is the story of a frivolous, petulant Irish girl. She is a flirt who arouses her lover's jealousy and naively ignores social conventions. Mrs. Hungerford and this book are mentioned in chapter 18 of James Joyce's Ulysses:
    ...Molly bawn she gave me by Mrs Hungerford on account of the name I don't like books with a Molly in them like that one he brought me about the one from Flanders...
Molly Bawn contains Hungerford's most famous proverb: "Beauty is in the eye of the beholder."