OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Order of Saint-Ruf

The Order of Saint-Ruf was a Catholic religious order of canons regular following the rule of Saint Augustine from 1039 until 1774. It traced its history back to the foundation of its mother house and namesake, the abbey of Saint-Ruf in Avignon.
In the late 11th century, Saint-Ruf was associated with the Gregorian reform. In 1092, Pope Urban II confirmed its customs and its properties. By 1095, it had acquired nine churches. Following the introduction of the ordo novus (new order), a stricter interpretation of the rule of Saint Augustine, by Norbert of Xanten, the Order of Saint-Ruf defended the more moderate ordo antiquus (old order). In 1154, a member of the order was elected Pope Adrian IV. In 1158, the headquarters of the order was moved to a new abbey in Valence [fr]. The abbey received privileges from the Emperor Frederick I, as it came under direct imperial authority. Bishop Odo of Valence [fr] recognized its exemption. Pope Innocent IV (r. 1243–1254) confirmed it as directly subordinate to the Holy See nullo medio.
Pope Urban V (r. 1362–1370) founded the College of Saint-Ruf in Montpellier. In 1482, in his capacity as commendatory abbot, Giuliano della Rovere issued new statutes for the order. In 1488, Pope Innocent VIII confirmed the orders possessions. The 16th century was a period of decline, marked by the French Wars of Religion. By the 18th century, the order had incurred severe debts. It was suppressed and its properties secularized in 1774.

## Dependent churches

* Notre-Dame-de-l'Assomption d'Annonay [fr]
* Notre-Dame de la Boisse [fr]
* Notre-Dame de Cassan
* Notre-Dame d'Entremont [fr]
* Notre-Dame-des-Grès
* Notre-Dame de Montfavet [fr]
* Notre-Dame de la Platière [fr]
* Notre-Dame de la Tour d'Aigues [de]
* Saint-Andéol de Bourg-Saint-Andéol [fr]
* Saint-André de La Côte-Saint-André [fr]
* Saint-Félix de Valence
* Saint-Genest de Manduel [fr]
* Saint-Jacques de Melgueil
* Santa Maria de Besalú [ca]
* Santa Maria de Terrassa [ca]
* Saint-Martin de Vienne
* Saint-Pierre de Cheffois [fr]
* Saint-Pierre in Die
* Saint-Sylvestre de Teillan
* San Miguel de Escalada
* Sant Vicenç de Cardona [ca]
# WCOM

WCOM may refer to:
* WCOM-FM, a radio station (90.7 FM) licensed to serve Kendall, New York, United States
* WCOM-LP, a radio station (103.5 FM) licensed to serve Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States
* WCGP, a radio station (89.3 FM) licensed to serve Silver Creek, New York, which held the call sign WCOM-FM from 2010 to 2023
* WMFD-TV, a television station (channel 12/virtual 68) licensed to serve Mansfield, Ohio, United States, which held the call sign WCOM-TV from 1987 to 1989
* MCI Inc., successor to WorldCom, whose stock symbol used to be WCOM
# Germans in Korea

Germans in Korea have a long history.

## History

The first German to set foot on Korean soil, in 1832, was the Lutheran missionary Karl Gützlaff, who is also credited with importing the potato. He was followed by Shanghai-based businessman Ernst Oppert, who from 1866 to 1868 made three attempts to force Korea open to foreign trade, and German consul to Japan Max von Brandt, who in 1870 landed at Busan in an attempt to open negotiations, but was sent away by Korean officials there. Prussian orientalist Paul Georg von Möllendorff lived in Korea from 1882 to 1885 as the director general of the customs service. One German trading company, H. C. Eduard Meyer & Co., set up operations in Incheon at his suggestion in 1886. Several Germans also became prominent in Emperor Gojong's administration; Japan-based bandmaster Franz Eckert composed the Anthem of the Korean Empire for the emperor in 1902, while Richard Wunsch served as Gojong's personal physician from 1901 to 1905, and Antoinette Sontag (the former housekeeper of Karl Ivanovich Weber) was hired as majordomo in charge of the palace's household affairs.
After the signing of the 1905 Eulsa Treaty, which deprived Korea of the right to conduct its own foreign relations, German diplomats in Korea were required to leave the country. Many more private individuals had departed by the time of the 1910 Japan-Korea Annexation Treaty. However, when Hermann Lautensach visited Korea in 1933, there were still a handful living there, including an entire monastery of Benedictine monks near Wonsan, Kangwon-do. They continue to operate a monastery at Waegwan, near Daegu.
Some Koreans settled in Germany during the 1960s and 1970s have begun returning to South Korea after retirement, bringing German spouses with them; this return migration has resulted in the creation of the Namhae German Village of roughly 75 households in South Gyeongsang. The German population in South Korea shrank by roughly 25% between 1999 and 2005.
In 2024, population of German in Korea has reached 10,000.

## Education

Ferdinand Krien set up the Imperial German Language School in Seoul, which ran from 1898 to 1911. The German School Seoul International was founded in 1976 for the families of German expatriates in and near the South Korean capital. The Goethe-Institut opened a reading room in Pyongyang in 2004, but closed it in 2009 over censorship concerns.

## Notable people

* Norbert Vollertsen, human rights activist who worked in North Korea from 1999 to 2001
# Juan R. Cruz

Juan R. Cruz (born: January 5, 1946) is a Puerto Rican aerospace engineer who played an instrumental role in the design and development of the Mars Exploration Rover (MER) and Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) parachute.

## Early years

Cruz was born and raised in Puerto Rico. After earning a B.S. (Bachelor of Science) in Aeronautics and Astronautics from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, he briefly worked at Beech Aircraft Corporation in Wichita, KS; he then went on to earn a Ph.D. from Virginia Tech in aerospace engineering. During his years at MIT he was involved with the Monarch and Daedalus human powered aircraft teams.

## Career in NASA

Cruz is a senior aerospace engineer in the Exploration Systems Engineering Branch at the NASA Langley Research Center in Hampton, Virginia. His responsibilities are focused on research and development of entry, descent, and landing (EDL) systems for robotic and human exploration missions. He was a member of the highly successful Mars Exploration Rover (MER) and Mars Science laboratory (MSL) projects that placed rovers on the surface of Mars in 2004 and 2012. His contributions to the MER and MSL projects centered on the design and qualification of the supersonic parachute. In October, 2004 he was among a group of scientists who received an "Exceptional Achievement Award", from NASA.

## Mars Exploration Rover mission

The MER-A rover, Spirit, was launched on June 10, 2003, at 17:59 UTC, and MER-B, Opportunity, on July 7, 2003. Spirit landed in Gusev crater on January 4, 2004, and Opportunity landed in the Meridiani Planum on the opposite side of Mars from Spirit, on January 25, 2004. Cruz was among the scientists from Langley who helped develop the parachute which helped slow the spacecraft during entry, descent and landing.
According to Cruz:
   There are challenges to testing these parachutes because we can not test it at exactly the right conditions. Earth's atmosphere is the one we have to work with and the Martian atmosphere is very different, so you have to make adjustments in how you test the parachute. Another issue is the wind tunnel models we used in our tests were ten-percent scale models, about five feet in diameter.
Cruz is also a member of the Phoenix (Mars 2007), Mars Science Laboratory (Mars 2011), and Crew Exploration Vehicle EDL teams. He has undertaken research on advanced missions to Mars, including robotic airplanes, as well as having been a technical reviewer for the Genesis, Huygens, and Stardust missions. Prior to his involvement with exploration programs he conducted research on high-altitude unmanned aircraft.
# Bradley Ralph

Bradley Ralph (born December 31, 1969) is an American attorney and politician who served as a member of the Kansas House of Representatives from the 119th district from 2017 to 2023.

## Education

Ralph earned a Bachelor of Arts degree in history from St. Mary of the Plains College in 1981 and a Juris Doctor from the Washburn University School of Law in 1984.

## Career

From 1984 to 2014, Ralph was an attorney and partner at Williams Malone & Ralph in Dodge City, Kansas. In 2014, he was elected the city and prosecuting attorney of Dodge City. In the November 2016 general election for district 119 in the Kansas House of Representatives, Ralph defeated Democratic nominee Daniel L. Love.
# Cynwyl Elfed

Cynwyl Elfed (Welsh pronunciation; sometimes Conwyl and formerly anglicised as Conwil Elvet or Conwil in Elvet) is a village and community in the county of Carmarthenshire, Wales. The community includes the villages of Cynwyl Elfed, Blaenycoed and Cwmduad. It is situated about 5 miles (8.0 km) north of Carmarthen and had a population of 953 in 2001, increasing to 1,044 at the 2011 Census.
The area around the village has yielded a significant number of Roman artefacts, including a statue of Diana. It was the most important centre of the commote of Elfed in the Middle Ages.
Cynwyl Elfed transmitting station stands on high ground to the north of the village.

## Governance

An electoral ward of the same name exists. This ward stretches south to Newchurch and Merthyr. There is a community council of the same name and also the ward is represented by one councillor in Carmarthenshire County Council. The total population of this ward taken at the 2011 Census was 3,018.
The community is bordered by the communities of: Llangeler; Llanfihangel-ar-Arth; Llanpumsaint; Bronwydd; Newchurch and Merthyr; Abernant; Trelech; and Cenarth, all being in Carmarthenshire.

## River

The River Gwili (Welsh: Afon Gwili) is a tributary of the River Towy, the longest river entirely in Wales. Rising to the east of Llanllawddog, in the Brechfa Forest, it runs west, through Llanpumsaint, to its confluence with the River Duad, just south of Cynwyl Elfed village. Then its course turns to the southeast, running through Bronwydd before joining the River Towy at Abergwili.

## Railway

The Gwili Railway (Welsh: Rheilffordd Gwili) is a Welsh standard gauge heritage railway from the former Abergwili Junction, near Carmarthen, along a short section of the former Carmarthen to Aberystwyth railway that closed for passenger traffic in 1965. Based at Bronwydd Arms railway station, the Gwili Railway currently owns 8 miles (13 km) of the old railway line, which once ran past Cynwyl Elfed.

## Roads

The A484 is an A road from Swansea to Cardigan, and runs through Cynwyl Elfed affording connections to Carmarthen and the A40.

## Amenities

The parish church of St Cynwyl of the Church in Wales, founded in the 6th century, contains 14th century elements and a barrel roof. It is a grade II* listed building.
Cynwyl Elfed has a primary school.

## Notable people

* Howell Elvet Lewis (1860–1953), the Independent minister, hymn-writer, poet, known as Elfed. The house where he was born, 'Y Gangell' is to the west of Cynwyl Elfed near Blaenycoed and contains a small exhibition of his life.
* David Lyn (1927–2012), a Welsh television, film and stage actor; raised on a smallholding in Cynwyl Elfed
* Denzil Davies (1938–2018), Welsh Labour Party politician, Member of Parliament (MP) for Llanelli from 1970 to 2005, and a member of the Privy Council.
# Vineet Jain

Vineet Jain (born 1966) is an Indian entrepreneur and current Managing Director of Bennett, Coleman & Co. Limited (B.C.C.L.), India's oldest and largest media group in India, also known as The Times Group.

## Early life and education

Vineet Jain was born in Kolkata. He graduated from the American College of Switzerland.

## The Times Group

Jain joined The Times Group in 1987. He is the great-grandson of Ramkrishna Dalmia, the founder of The Times Group and Dalmia Group. Jain's grandfather Shanti Prasad Jain, father Ashok Jain and mother Indu Jain all served as chairperson of B.C.C.L. His sister Nandita Judge also worked at the company.
Jain handles the day to day operations of the group's entertainment and TV businesses.

## Family and personal life

Jain is divorced. He splits his time between homes he shares with his brother in New Delhi and Mumbai.

## Awards

* 'Best Industrialist of the year' Rajiv Gandhi Award in 2009.
* Impact Person of the Year Award in 2013.
* Entrepreneur of the Year Award from The Bombay Management Association in 2013.
* Media Person of the Year award from International Advertising Association in 2015
* Art Karat Award in 2018.
* ITA Sterling Icon of Indian Entertainment Award in Media category in 2009.
# Kajana, Suriname

Kajana (also spelled Cajana and Kayana) is a village in Sipaliwini District, Suriname. It lies on the Gaan-lio (Gran Rio), which together with the Pikin Rio (Little Rio) forms the Suriname River. The population call themselves Kadosi-nengre after Cardoso who was the owner of the plantation they ran away from. The village is home to Maroons of the Saramaka tribe.
The town has a population of about 200 people. The town has a first-aid medical center, a radio station called Radio Thijs, a primary school, and a locally owned kindergarten. Kajana is served by Cayana Airstrip.
3°54′2″N 55°34′21″W﻿ / ﻿3.90056°N 55.57250°W﻿ / 3.90056; -55.57250

## Healthcare

Kajana is home to a Medische Zending healthcare centre.
# Rodrigo Erramuspe

Rodrigo Nahuel Erramuspe (born 3 May 1990) is an Argentine professional footballer who plays as a centre-back for Greek Super League club Levadiakos.
# Panagiotis Symelidis

Panagiotis Symelidis (Greek: Παναγιώτης Συμελίδης; born 3 November 1992) is a Greek professional footballer who plays as a winger for Super League club Levadiakos.

## Honours
### Levadiakos

* Super League 2: 2021–22
# Dance Kids

Dance Kids is a Philippine television reality competition show broadcast by ABS-CBN. Hosted by Robi Domingo and Alex Gonzaga, it aired on the network's Yes Weekend! line up from November 14, 2015 to February 7, 2016, replacing Pinoy Big Brother: 737 and was replaced by I Love OPM. The show ended announcing the Filipino-Canadian duo Lucky Aces as the grand champion.

## Hosts

* Robi Domingo
* Alex Gonzaga

## Judges

The judges, dubbed as "Dance Masters" of the show:
* Vhong Navarro 'King of the Dance Floor'
* Georcelle Dapat-Sy of G-Force
* Andy Alviz

## The Try Outs

In the first phase of the competition named as the "Try Outs", kids will perform in front of the judges known as the "Dance Masters." Performers can come in as a solo act, duo, or as a group.
The acts should be able to impress the Dance Masters at the end of their performance. If a Dance Master is impressed, he/she should stomp on the Stomp Pad. In the event that they get three (3) stomps from the Dance Masters within their performance, the act will automatically make it to next phase of the competition.
However, if the act could not complete all three stomps at the end of their performance, it won't be the end just yet. The Dance Master/s who initially stomped for the act, will have the opportunity to convince their co-Dance Masters to give the acts a chance. If one further declines, then the competition ends for the aspiring dancer or dance group.
The Dance Masters are only allowed to give their unanimous votes 32 times, for the 32 acts who will compete on the next level.

## The Dance Offs

The "Dance Off" is the second level of the competition where two acts who made it from the "Try-outs", are chosen to dance against each other. The "Dance Masters" will then choose who among the two acts better by stomping the stomp pad. The act who gets the most stomp will be the one who will go to the "Step Up", the next level of the competition.

## The Step Ups

Acts who made it into the "Step Ups" will go to the Quarter Finals, then Semi-finals and ultimately to the grand finals.

## Grand Champion's prizes

The grand champion Lucky Aces, has received ₱2,000,000 cash, a house and lot, a family vacation, ₱300,000 worth of shopping spree, and a management contract from Star Magic.
# Halal Product Assurance Organizing Agency

The Halal Product Assurance Organizing Agency (Indonesian: Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Produk Halal) is an Indonesian government cabinet-level agency in charge of organizing the halal certification. The agency is led by a head, Haikal Hassan, since 22 October 2024 (2024-10-22).
Along with the Hajj Organizing Agency, this agency results from a spin-off of the Ministry of Religious Affairs. Previously, halal organizing affairs were the responsibility of the Halal Product Assurance Organizing Body. The agency later separated and made into an independent agency.

## Organization

Based on Presidential Decree No. 153/2024, and as expanded by Head of Halal Product Assurance Organizing Agency Decree No. 1/2024, the Halal Product Assurance Organizing Agency is organized into the following:
* Office of the Head of Halal Product Assurance Organizing Agency
* Office of the Deputy Head of Halal Product Assurance Organizing Agency
* General Secretariat
** Bureau of Planning and Organization
*** Division of Organization, Administration, and Evaluation
** Bureau of Legal, Human Resources, and Public Relations
*** Legal Advocation Division
*** Division of Public Relations and Public Communication
** Bureau of Finance and General Affairs
*** Leadership Administration Division
**** Head and Deputy Head Administration Subdivision
**** General Secretariat Administration Subdivision
**** Protocol Subdivision
**** Deputy I Administration Subdivision
**** Deputy II Administration Subdivision
**** Deputy III Administration Subdivision
*** Procurement, General, Finance, and State Properties Division
* Deputy for Halal Partnerships and Standardization (Deputy I)
** Directorate of Halal Partnerships and Cooperation
*** Sub-directorate of Domestic Halal Partnerships and Cooperation
*** Sub-directorate of Foreign Halal Partnerships and Cooperation
** Directorate of Halal Standards
*** Sub-directorate of Accreditation for Foreign Halal Institutions and Halal Inspection Agency
* Deputy for Halal Registration and Certification (Deputy II)
** Directorate of Halal Registration
*** Sub-directorate of Foreign Halal Certification Verification and Halal Auditors
** Directorate of Halal Certification
*** Sub-directorate of Regular Halal Certification and Self-declaration
* Deputy for Halal Product Assurance Fostering and Supervision (Deputy III)
** Directorate of Halal Product Assurance Fostering
*** Sub-directorate of Halal Ecosystem Fostering
** Directorate of Halal Product Assurance Supervision
*** Sub-directorate of Halal Supervisors Functionaries Fostering
* Inspectorate
* Center for Halal Product Assurance Human Resources Development
* Center for Data, Information, and Technology
# Sonchus palmensis

Sonchus palmensis, the La Palma sow-thistle, is a plant endemic to the Canary Island of La Palma.

## Description

Tall shrub up to 2 m. Leaves pinnatisect with 10-15 pairs of equally spaced lobes, the lobes 6–40 mm wide. Inflorescence very large and dense, compound-corymbose. Individual heads with 30-50 yellow ray florets but no disc florets.

## Distribution in La Palma

Widespread especially along the east coast, Fuencaliente, Mazo, Santa Cruz, Las Breñas, Puntallana, La Galga, Los Tilos, etc. west coast, Los Llanos, etc., up to 1000 m in the lower and forest zones.

## Gallery

* La Palma
# Serangoon Bus Interchange

1°21′8″N 103°52′19″E﻿ / ﻿1.35222°N 103.87194°E﻿ / 1.35222; 103.87194
Serangoon Bus Interchange is a bus interchange serving Serangoon New Town in Singapore, and is within walking distance of Serangoon MRT station. Opened on 3 September 2011, it is air-conditioned and has 9 service routes and 17 bus bays.

## History

The original bus interchange was opened on 13 March 1988 along Serangoon Central. This interchange took over the overcrowded Serangoon Gardens Bus Interchange and a temporary bus terminal along Serangoon Avenue 3. The compound was located under a multi-storey carpark, with end-on berths on the eastern side and sawtooth berths on the western side. Access to the interchange was located along Serangoon Central.
When the shopping mall nex opened on 25 November 2010, the old bus interchange continued to operate due to congestion at Serangoon Avenue 2, with shoppers facing carpark problems and large crowds in the shopping mall.

### Relocation

On 3 September 2011, the interchange was relocated to a new air-conditioned facility along Serangoon Avenue 2 integrated with the nex shopping mall and Serangoon MRT station, making it the fifth bus interchange to be air conditioned. The new facility was the first to have glass walls instead of cement walls facing the bus bays, allowing commuters to be aware of the departure of buses, which was not present in the earlier air conditioned bus interchanges. Due to space constraints, Bus Services 81 and 82 no longer terminated at the interchange and were amended to loop at Serangoon Central instead.

## Bus contracting model

Under the new bus contracting model, with the exception of Bus Service 100 which is under the Clementi Bus Package, the rest of the bus services are under the Serangoon-Eunos Bus Package.
Currently, all bus services at the interchange are operated by the anchor operator, SBS Transit.

### List of routes

| Operator | Package | Routes |
| SBS Transit | Clementi | 100 |
| SBS Transit | Serangoon-Eunos | 101, 103, 105, 109, 158, 315, 317, 506 |
# Bret Harte Union High School

Bret Harte Union High School is a public high school serving Angels Camp, California, the only incorporated city in Calaveras County, California.

## History

The school was established in 1905 and is named after American poet Bret Harte.

## Location

The school's official address is 321 South Main, P.O. Box 7000, Angels Camp, CA, 95221. Some directories indicate that the school is located in the unincorporated community of Altaville, California, at 364 Murphys Grade Road, Altaville, CA, 95221,

## Notable alumni

* James Hecker — Lt. General, United States Air Force
* T.J. Dillashaw — MMA fighter
* Kyle Rasmussen — World Cup ski champion
* Neriah Davis — Playboy playmate, March 1997
# 2014 European Wrestling Championships – Men's freestyle 61 kg

The men's freestyle 61 kg is a competition featured at the 2014 European Wrestling Championships, and was held in Vantaa, Finland on April 2.

## Medalists

| Gold | Haji Aliyev Azerbaijan |
| Silver | Bekkhan Goygereyev Russia |
| Bronze | Andrei Perpeliță Moldova |
| Bronze | Vasyl Shuptar Ukraine |

## Results
### Legend

* F — Won by fall

### Main bracket

| Round of 16 | Round of 16 | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Final | Final |
| | | Vladimir Dubov (BUL) | 5 | | | | |
| Aleksei Baskakov (EST) | 0 | Andrei Perpeliță (MDA) | 6 | | | | |
| Andrei Perpeliță (MDA) | 10 | | | Andrei Perpeliță (MDA) | 4 | | |
| Šarūnas Jurčys (LTU) | 10 | | | Bekkhan Goygereyev (RUS) | 8 | | |
| Jasin Redjalari (MKD) | 13 | Jasin Redjalari (MKD) | 1 | | | | |
| Bekkhan Goygereyev (RUS) | 16 | Bekkhan Goygereyev (RUS) | 12 | | | | |
| Krzysztof Bieńkowski (POL) | 3 | | | | | Bekkhan Goygereyev (RUS) | 5 |
| Ronny Rännälä (FIN) | 0 | | | | | Haji Aliyev (AZE) | 12 |
| Vasyl Shuptar (UKR) | 10 | Vasyl Shuptar (UKR) | 3 | | | | |
| Surkho Rashitkhanov (BLR) | 2 | Münir Recep Aktaş (TUR) | 0 | | | | |
| Münir Recep Aktaş (TUR) | 8 | | | Vasyl Shuptar (UKR) | 7 | | |
| Beka Lomtadze (GEO) | 14 | | | Haji Aliyev (AZE) | 9 | | |
| Narek Sanoyan (ARM) | 9 | Beka Lomtadze (GEO) | 6 | | | | |
| Haji Aliyev (AZE) | 14 | Haji Aliyev (AZE) | 12 | | | | |
| Alexander Semisorow (GER) | 4 | | | | | | |

### Repechage

| Repechage round 1 | Repechage round 1 | Bronze medals | Bronze medals |
| Krzysztof Bieńkowski (POL) | 13 | Krzysztof Bieńkowski (POL) | 3 |
| Jasin Redjalari (MKD) | 2 | Andrei Perpeliță (MDA) | 6 |
| Alexander Semisorow (GER) | 15 | Alexander Semisorow (GER) | 5 |
| Beka Lomtadze (GEO) | 4 | Vasyl Shuptar (UKR) | 12 |