# Baker Street (song)

"Baker Street" is a single by the Scottish singer-songwriter Gerry Rafferty, released in February 1978. It won the 1979 Ivor Novello Award for Best Song Musically and Lyrically and reached the top three in the UK, US and elsewhere. The song is known for its saxophone riff, written by Rafferty and performed by Raphael Ravenscroft.

## Writing

"Baker Street" was included on Rafferty's second solo album, City to City (1978). It was his first album after the resolution of legal problems surrounding the breakup of his old band, Stealers Wheel, in 1975. In the intervening three years, Rafferty had been unable to release any material because of disputes about the band's remaining contractual recording obligations.
Rafferty wrote "Baker Street" while trying to extricate himself from his Stealers Wheel contracts. He was regularly travelling between his family home in Paisley, Scotland, and London, where he often stayed at a friend's flat on Baker Street in Marylebone. The resolution of Rafferty's legal and financial frustrations may have accounted for the exhilaration of the song's final verse:
   When you wake up it's a new morning The sun is shining, it's a new morning You're going, you're going home.
Rafferty's daughter Martha suggested in 2012 that he could also have taken inspiration from a book he was reading while travelling, Colin Wilson's The Outsider (1956), which explores ideas of alienation and creativity and a longing to be connected.
"Baker Street" was recorded in 1977 at Chipping Norton Studios, Oxfordshire, during the sessions for City to City. It was co-produced by Rafferty and Hugh Murphy. It features a guitar solo played by Hugh Burns.

## Saxophone riff

"Baker Street" features a prominent eight-bar saxophone riff by the session musician Raphael Ravenscroft, played as a break between verses. Billboard described it as "the most recognizable sax riff in pop music history". It is said to have been responsible for a resurgence in the sales of saxophones and their use in mainstream pop music and television advertising.
Rafferty said Ravenscroft had been his second choice to play the part, after Pete Zorn, who was unavailable. Ravenscroft came to the studio to record a soprano saxophone part, and suggested that he use instead his alto saxophone. Ravenscroft was reportedly paid £27 for the session. In 2011, Ravenscroft said listening to the song irritated him because he was out of tune.
According to Ravenscroft, Rafferty instructed him to fill several gaps in "Baker Street". He said: "Most of what I played was an old blues riff. If you're asking me: 'Did Gerry hand me a piece of music to play?' then no, he didn't." This was disputed by Rafferty, who said he was irritated that people assumed Ravenscroft had written it. He said: "It was my line. I sang it to him."
Rafferty's account was corroborated by Burns, who said the part also appeared on Rafferty's demo, played on guitar. He said Rafferty had also asked him to try playing it, but they agreed it would be better suited to saxophone. Rafferty's demo, with the riff played on guitar, was released on the 2011 reissue of City to City. In the liner notes, Rafferty's collaborator Rab Noakes wrote: "Let's hope [the demo] will, at last, silence all who keep on asserting that the saxophone player came up with the melody line."
A similar saxophone melody appears on the 1968 Steve Marcus track "Half a Heart", credited to the vibraphonist Gary Burton. When interviewed by The Atlantic, Burton suggested Rafferty may have subconsciously plagiarised it, likening it to the lawsuit over the 1970 George Harrison song "My Sweet Lord". However, Burns said the similarity was a coincidence and that Rafferty "was an artist through and through".
The saxophone riff is the subject of an urban legend created in the 1980s by the British writer and broadcaster Stuart Maconie. In the spoof "Would You Believe It?" section in the music magazine NME, Maconie falsely claimed that the broadcaster Bob Holness had played the saxophone part. The claim was widely repeated.

## Chart performance

Released as a single in 1978, "Baker Street" reached No. 3 in the UK and No. 2 for six consecutive weeks in the US. It reached number one in Cash Box and number two on the Billboard Hot 100 where it held its Billboard position for six weeks, kept out of the number one spot by Andy Gibb's "Shadow Dancing". The song spent four weeks at number one in Canada, reached number one in Australia, and made it into the top 10 in seven European countries in addition to the UK. In October 2010, "Baker Street" was recognised by BMI for surpassing five million performances worldwide.
Another urban myth has claimed that "Baker Street" did overtake "Shadow Dancing" on the Billboard Hot 100 during one of its seven weeks on top in the summer of 1978, with Casey Kasem recording his American Top 40 countdown placing it at #1. However, at a dinner with Gibb's managers, then-Billboard chart director Bill Wardlow was allegedly told that if "Shadow Dancing" did not remain at #1, Gibb would be pulled from the lineup of an upcoming Billboard-organized concert. Wardlow then supposedly asked the magazine to leave the song at the top, and Kasem was told to re-record his countdown.

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| United Kingdom (BPI) | Platinum | 600,000$^‡$ |
| United States (RIAA) | Gold | 1,000,000$^^$ |
| $^^$ Shipments figures based on certification alone. $^‡$ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone. |||

## Legacy

"Baker Street" was cited by guitarist Slash in 1987 as an influence on his guitar solo in "Sweet Child o' Mine".
Financial expert and radio personality Dave Ramsey has used "Baker Street" as bumper music for his eponymous radio show (now called The Ramsey Show) since the show's debut in 1992.
"Baker Street" is heard in the Happy Endings episode "Cocktails and Dreams" (S02E16). Penny's dream involves a fingerpicked-guitar version of the saxophone riff.
In the closing scene of "Lisa's Sax" (season nine, episode four of The Simpsons), Lisa Simpson performs a brief rendition of the "Baker Street" hook on a saxophone before the music segues into Rafferty's recording.
The Canadian rock musician A.C. Newman cited the song as an inspiration for his album Shut Down the Streets (2012).
The song is featured in the video game Grand Theft Auto V as part of Los Santos Rock Radio.

## Personnel

* Gerry Rafferty – lead vocals, rhythm guitar
* Raphael Ravenscroft – alto and soprano saxophones
* Hugh Burns – lead guitar
* Nigel Jenkins – rhythm guitar
* Tommy Eyre – synthesiser, electric and acoustic piano
* Gary Taylor – bass
* Henry Spinetti – drums
* Glen Le Fleur – congas
* Graham Preskett – string arrangements

## Undercover version

British dance group Undercover covered the song on their 1992 album Check Out the Groove. This version was released in August 1992 by PWL and produced by Steve Mac. It reached No. 2 on the UK Singles Chart and became a top-three hit in Austria, Belgium, Germany, Ireland, the Netherlands, and Switzerland. A music video was produced to promote the single, shot in black-and-white.

### Critical reception

A writer for Lennox Herald named the song a "stand out" from the Undercover album. Pan-European magazine Music & Media wrote, "Gerry Rafferty's rainy days anthem is now transferred from the comfortable living room to the heat of clubland. The typical saxophone hook is on acid as well." Mark Frith from Smash Hits commented, "This one's quite good actually. Transformed from a hoary old late '70s epic into a PWL rave anthem for the '90s, "Baker Street" has tootling sax, great vocals and is probably the most unusual record turned into a rave tune ever."

### Track listing

* "Baker Street" (edit) – 4:04
* "Baker Street" (extended mix) – 5:10
* "Sha-Bang" (extended mix) – 5:49

### Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| Germany (BVMI) | Gold | 250,000$^^$ |
| $^^$ Shipments figures based on certification alone. |||

## Foo Fighters version

The American rock band Foo Fighters covered the song on their 1998 "My Hero" UK CD single release, on the Australian tour pack (grey cover) release, on the limited-edition European bonus EP and as one of several bonus tracks added to the remastered tenth anniversary release of their second studio album, The Colour and the Shape, reissued in 2007. The saxophone part is played on electric guitar.