OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Finnish League Cup

The Finnish League Cup (in Finnish: Liigacup), is a knock-out football competition contested annually during the pre-season in winter by teams from Veikkausliiga. The competition is notably the only football competition in Europe which is mostly played indoors. It is also administrated by Veikkausliiga

## History

The competition was founded in 1994. After 18 editions it was abolished in 2016. It was replaced with the Finnish Cup group stage starting from the 2017 season
The league cup was revived in 2022, as it returned in its original format. The competing teams are allowed to have up to three non-contract test players in their roster, with seven possible substitutions. The most successful club is HJK Helsinki with 6 titles.

## Finnish League Cup Finals

| Year | Winner | Score | Runner-up | Venue |
| 1994 | HJK | 2–0 | FC Jazz | Helsinki |
| 1995 | FC Haka | 4–2 | HJK | Helsinki |
| 1996 | HJK | 3–2 | RoPS | Helsinki Olympic Stadium, Helsinki |
| 1997 | HJK | 2–0 | VPS | Helsinki |
| 1998 | HJK | 1–1 (aet) (8–7 p) | FF Jaro | Helsinki |
| 1999 | VPS | 3–0 | Kotkan TP | Lahti |
| 2000 | VPS | 2–1 | FC Jokerit | Hanko |
| 2001–03 | Not Played | Not Played | Not Played | Not Played |
| 2004 | AC Allianssi | 2–2 (aet) (5–3 p) | FC Lahti | Pohjola Stadion, Vantaa |
| 2005 | AC Allianssi | 3–1 | FC Lahti | Finnair Stadium, Helsinki |
| 2006 | KuPS | 2–1 | FC KooTeePee | Finnair Stadium, Helsinki |
| 2007 | FC Lahti | 0–0 (4–3 p) | FC Inter Turku | Finnair Stadium, Helsinki |
| 2008 | FC Inter Turku | 1–0 | TPS | Finnair Stadium, Helsinki |
| 2009 | Tampere United | 2–0 | HJK | ISS Stadion, Vantaa |
| 2010 | FC Honka | 0–0 (4–3 p) | JJK | Finnair Stadium, Helsinki |
| 2011 | FC Honka | 3–0 | Tampere United | Tapiolan urheilupuisto, Espoo |
| 2012 | TPS | 1–1 (4–2 p) | HJK | Sonera Stadium, Helsinki |
| 2013 | FC Lahti | 2–1 | JJK | Lahden kisapuisto, Lahti |
| 2014 | SJK | 1–0 | VPS | Jouppilanvuoren tekonurmi, Seinäjoki |
| 2015 | HJK | 2–0 | RoPS | Rovaniemen keskuskenttä, Rovaniemi |
| 2016 | FC Lahti | 0–0 (aet) (4–3 p) | SJK | Wallsport Arena, Seinäjoki |
| 2017–21 | Not Played | Not Played | Not Played | Not Played |
| 2022 | FC Honka | 3–1 | FC Inter Turku | Espoonlahti, Espoo |
| 2023 | HJK | 2–1 | AC Oulu | Bolt Arena, Helsinki |
| 2024 | Inter Turku | 2–2 (4–2 p) | KuPS | Veritas Stadion, Turku |

## Performance by club

| Club | Winners | Runners-up | Winning Years |
| HJK | 6 | 3 | 1994, 1996, 1997, 1998, 2015, 2023 |
| FC Lahti | 3 | 2 | 2007, 2013, 2016 |
| FC Honka | 3 | – | 2010, 2011, 2022 |
| VPS | 2 | 2 | 1999, 2000 |
| AC Allianssi | 2 | – | 2004, 2005 |
| FC Inter Turku | 2 | 2 | 2008, 2024 |
| Tampere United | 1 | 1 | 2009 |
| TPS | 1 | 1 | 2012 |
| SJK | 1 | 1 | 2014 |
| KuPS | 1 | 1 | 2006 |
| FC Haka | 1 | – | 1995 |
| JJK | – | 2 | – |
| RoPS | – | 2 | – |
| FC Jazz | – | 1 | – |
| FF Jaro | – | 1 | – |
| KTP | – | 1 |
| AC Oulu | – | 1 | – |
| FC Jokerit | – | 1 | – |
| FC KooTeePee | – | 1 | – |
Notes:
* Teams in Italic no longer exist.
# Canadian Association of Emergency Physicians

The Canadian Association of Emergency Physicians (CAEP) is the professional association of emergency physicians in Canada. It is also known in French as Association Canadienne des Médecins d'Urgence (ACMU). The official journal of the CAEP is the Canadian Journal of Emergency Medicine.
The CAEP helped found the International Federation for Emergency Medicine in 1991 along with the American College of Emergency Physicians (ACEP), the Australasian College for Emergency Medicine (ACEM), and the (then) British Association for Emergency Medicine (BAEM).

## Partners
### Non-profits

CAEP is partnered with several Canadian non-profit organizations and professional societies including the Canadian Association of Physician Assistants, Canadian Blood Services, GBS/CIDP Foundation of Canada, and the Society of Rural Physicians of Canada.

### Governments and public health

CAEP's government and public health partners include Eastern Health, Fraser Health, the Government of Nunavut, Government of Prince Edward Island, Health Canada, Northern Health, Nova Scotia Health Authority, and the Province of New Brunswick.

### Corporate

CAEP's corporate partners include AbbVie, Actelion, Bristol Myers Squibb, Fujifilm, General Electric, GE Healthcare, Green Shield Canada, Laerdal Medical, Mindray, Pfizer, Purdue Pharma, Rogers Wireless, Servier, Siemens Healthineers, SonoSim, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company, and Telus.
# John Shuter

John Shuter (9 February 1855 – 5 July 1920) was a cricketer who played for England and Surrey in the late 19th century. He is best remembered for captaining Surrey to a string of wins in the County Championship around the time it became official in 1890, aided by the bowler George Lohmann and back up by John Sharpe and William Lockwood. Shuter first led Surrey to the County Championship in 1887. They then came first in 1888, tied with Lancashire and Nottinghamshire in 1889, and won again in 1890, 1891 and 1892. Shuter was a batsman and chiefly an off-side player.
Shuter was born in Thornton Heath, Surrey, England, the son of Leonard Shuter, a stave timber merchant, and Caroline. John went to Winchester College, playing in its cricket eleven from 1871 to 1873. Though a Surrey man by birth, Shuter had played much club cricket in Bexley and was thus qualified by residence for Kent. After a single match in 1874, Shuter was rejected by Kent. He first played for his native county in 1877 and the following year jumped abruptly to the front rank of batsmen. He scored a century (then an exceptional feat due to the primitive pitches) against Sussex at Hove the following year and in 1880 became captain of Surrey.
At first, rewards for this move were slow and Surrey entered a crisis around 1883 - by which time Shuter had become established as one of the best batsmen in England despite a number of failures for the Gentlemen against the Players in the years since 1879. However, after overcoming the crisis Surrey rapidly developed into a top-flight county side through Lohmann's bowling, which headed the list of first-class wicket-takers for seven successive years from 1885 to 1891. Shuter had his best seasons in batting from 1882 to 1887, though he never reached 1,000 runs in a season. He played one Test on his home ground in 1888, but by 1890, with only one score of over fifty, it was clear his best days as a batsman were over. He continued though, to play a major role as captain of Surrey until 1893, when owing to the failure of Abel and their other top batsmen, they declined from first to sixth among nine counties.
Shuter made no score above 44 that season and owing to business resigned the captaincy. His only subsequent first-class match was for Surrey against Oxford University in 1909 at the age of fifty-four - with a team including Bill Hitch, over thirty-one years younger.
Long after he retired he was appointed as a Test selector (for the triangular tournament held in 1912) and secretary of Surrey in 1919 - a role which he did not hold for long as a stroke caused his sudden death in 1920. Although most noted for his cricketing exploits, Shuter joined his father in business as a stave timber merchant and cooper. His nephew, Leonard Shuter, was also a first-class cricketer.
# Ahmed Chibane

Ahmed Chibane (born 3 March 1917, date of death unknown) was an Algerian racing cyclist. He rode in the 1947 Tour de France.
# 1785 in Great Britain

Events from the year 1785 in Great Britain.

## Incumbents

* Monarch – George III
* Prime Minister – William Pitt the Younger (Tory)

## Events

* 1 January – the first issue of the Daily Universal Register, later known as The Times, is published in London.
* 7 January – Frenchman Jean-Pierre Blanchard and American John Jeffries travel from Dover to Calais, France in a hydrogen gas balloon, becoming the first to cross the English Channel by air.
* 7 March – James Hutton proposes the theory of uniformitarianism to the Royal Society of Edinburgh.
* January to July – continuing an extremely dry and cold spell from the previous year, several records for dryness are set, among them driest twelve months in the England and Wales Precipitation series, with only 522.0 millimetres (20.55 in) for the year ending July 1785, and further records for dryness for periods of three to six months.
* 17 July – Fairfield Moravian Church is opened in Fairfield, Droylsden, Lancashire. With its surrounding settlement it has been founded by Benjamin La Trobe as a centre for evangelistic work for the Moravian Church in the Manchester area.
* 21 December – the Prince of Wales marries the widowed Catholic Maria Fitzherbert in her London home, secretly, and in contravention of the Royal Marriages Act 1772.

### Undated

* The British government establishes a permanent land force in the Eastern Caribbean, based in Barbados
* William Pitt the Younger introduces a Reform Bill to Parliament to abolish the rotten boroughs, but it is defeated.
* Governor-General of India Warren Hastings charged with maladministration and returns to Britain.
* London Hospital Medical College opens as England's first chartered medical school.

## Publications

* James Boswell's The Journal of a Tour to the Hebrides.
* William Withering's An Account of the Foxglove and some of its Medical Uses, demonstrating the effects of digitalis.

## Births

* 30 January – Charles Metcalfe, 1st Baron Metcalfe, colonial administrator (died 1846)
* 22 March - Adam Sedgwick, geologist (died 1873)
* 18 May – John Wilson, writer (died 1854)
* 6 July – William Jackson Hooker, botanist (died 1865)
* 15 August – Thomas de Quincey, writer (died 1859)
* 18 October – Thomas Love Peacock, satirist (died 1866)
* 14 September – Nathaniel William Peach, politician (died 1835)
* 25 September – George Pinto, composer and keyboard virtuoso (died 1806)
* 18 November – David Wilkie, artist (died 1841)

## Deaths

* 19 January – Jonathan Toup, classical scholar and critic (born 1713)
* 23 January – Matthew Stewart, mathematician (born 1717)
* February – Peter the Wild Boy (born before 1725)
* 14 April – William Whitehead, writer (born 1715)
* 30 June – James Oglethorpe, English general and founder of the state of Georgia (born 1696)
* 26 August – George Germain, 1st Viscount Sackville, soldier and politician (born 1716)
* 25 November – Richard Glover, poet (born 1712)
* 6 December – Kitty Clive, actress (born 1711)
# Typhonium peltandroides

Typhonium peltandroides is a species of plant in the arum family that is endemic to Australia.

## Etymology

The specific epithet peltandroides alludes to the similarity of the leaf venation to that of the American aroid genus Peltandra.

## Description

The species is a deciduous geophytic, perennial herb, which resprouts annually from a hemispherical corm about 5 cm in diameter. The oval leaves are 14–34 cm long by 7–11.7 cm wide, on a 15–50 cm long stalk. The flower is enclosed in a spathe, green on the outside, deep reddish-purple on the inside, appearing in late December and January. Fruiting occurs from mid-January to March.

## Distribution and habitat

The species is known only from the tropical Northern Kimberley IBRA bioregion of north-west Western Australia, where the type specimen was collected from Grevillea Gorge in the Synnott Range. There it grows in shallow sandy soil on a sandstone substrate, in rainforest thickets or with Triodia grasses on rock ledges along the sides of the gorge.
# Nedunjeliyan II

Nedunjeliyan II (c. 210 CE) (Tamil: நெடுஞ்செழியன்) was one of the Early Pandya Kings. He defeated a confederacy of Cholas and Cheras at Thalayamangalam near Tiruvarur and conquered most of the Tamil region. His deeds have been described in detail in the Madurai.

## Reign

Nedunjeliyan II was a descendant of Nedunjeliyan I. His reign has been arbitrarily fixed in the early part of the 3rd century AD. Nedunjeliyan II ascended the throne at an early age and soon after, the kingdom was invaded by the Cheras and Cholas. Nedunjeliyan II defeated the invaders and pursued the retreating forces to Talaiyalanganam, deep inside Chola territory. The Chera king Mandaranjeral Irumporai was taken captive by Nedunjeliyan.
Following his victory at Talaiyalanganam, Nedunjeliyan mounted a campaign against the Velirs, Millalai, and Muttur.

## Contribution to Astrology and Temple Architecture

Nedunjeliyan II, a prominent ruler of the Pandya dynasty during the Sangam era, is recognized for his contributions to the promotion of astrology and temple architecture. Building on his ancestors' reverence for celestial sciences, he is credited with encouraging the construction of temples dedicated to the Navagrahas, the nine planetary deities in Hinduism. These temples were not only centers of worship but also hubs for astronomical study, showcasing the dynasty's advanced understanding of celestial alignments.
Many of these temples were designed with precise astronomical alignments, such as capturing sunlight during solstices or equinoxes. This integration of science and spirituality reflected the Pandya dynasty's belief in the influence of celestial phenomena on governance, agriculture, and daily life. Nedunjeliyan II’s efforts helped solidify the role of astrology in Tamil culture, leaving a lasting legacy in the region.
# Roots of American Order

Roots of American Order is a book written by Russell Kirk, originally published in 1974 by Open Court Publishing Company. Later editions have been published by Regnery Publishing and the Intercollegiate Studies Institute.
In the book, Kirk traces the basic theories that underpin American civilization to ancient Jerusalem, Athens, Rome, and London and suggests that the ideas on which modern America has been built have their roots in these ancient civilizations, passed down through the Greek, Roman, Early Christian, and British civilizations through to the Founding Fathers of the United States.
# Gentianella concinna

Gentianella concinna is a flowering plant species, endemic to the Auckland Islands of New Zealand.

## Description

It is an annual plant with much-branched stems up to 12 cm (5 in) long. The leaves are fleshy and leathery, oblong-spatheolate to linear-oblong in shape, gradually narrowing into broad, flat petioles. The basal leaves are about 8–20 mm (0.3–0.8 in) by 3–7 mm (0.1–0.3 in) wide; the cauline leaves are smaller. The flowers are borne singly in the axils of the upper leaves. The corollas are red, or white streaked with red or purple, and are about 8–12 mm (0.3–0.5 in) long. The calyces are about one third the length of the corollas.

## Taxonomy

It was first described in 1844 by Joseph Dalton Hooker as Gentiana concinna. Its currently accepted name is Gentianella concinna, having been assigned to the genus Gentianella by the authors, Ho and Liu in 1993.

## Conservation status

In both 2009 and 2012 it was deemed to be "At Risk - Naturally Uncommon" under the New Zealand Threat Classification System, and this classification was reaffirmed in 2018, due to the species being an island endemic and having a restricted range.
# Artyom Denisenko

Artyom Vyacheslavovich Denisenko (Belarusian: Арцём Вячаслававіч Дзенісенка; Russian: Артём Вячеславович Денисенко; born 12 April 1999) is a Belarusian professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Naftan Novopolotsk.

## Honours

Dinamo Brest
* Belarusian Super Cup: 2019
# Audubon Insectarium

The Audubon Insectarium is an insectarium and entomology museum in New Orleans, Louisiana, United States. As part of its move from its previous location at the U.S. Custom House Federal Building to the site of the Audubon Aquarium, the museum reopened on June 8, 2023.
The Insectarium opened on June 13, 2008. In 2009, it was awarded the Thea Award for Outstanding Achievement in a Science Center.
Part of the Audubon Nature Institute complex, it was located on the first floor of the U.S. Custom House Federal Building. With more than 50 live exhibits and numerous multimedia elements, the 23,000-square-foot (2,100 m$^2$) facility was the largest free-standing American museum dedicated to insects.
In September 2020, the Audubon Nature Institute announced the temporary closure of the Insectarium, owing to revenue shortages caused by the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States. Some of the Insectarium's exhibits will be relocated to space within the Aquarium.
# John Hill (mayor)

John Hill JP (1829–1909) was a magistrate, mayor of the city of Bradford, and textile manufacturer.
Hill was born on 5 January 1829. The family moved to Bradford in 1845. John Hill started work in a factory during his teenage years and began business himself as a manufacturer in 1858, in a partnership. In 1867, he established his own business, John Hill & Sons at Apsley Mills, Great Horton, manufacturing worsted cloth, and the enterprise was successful. He was also involved with Salem Chapel Sunday Schools and was a church deacon. Hill was a Congregationalist and liberal. He was the district treasurer of the Yorkshire Congregational Union. He was also a lay pastor at the Denholme Independent Chapel.
John Hill was first elected as a councillor representing the West Ward on the Bradford Town Council in 1870. He was an alderman from 1877 to 1895. When on the council, he was chairman of the building and improvement committee and the finances and general purposes committee. Hill was the 24th mayor of Bradford during 1881–82. During this time in 1882, there was a visit of the Prince and Princess of Wales to open the Bradford Technical College (later to become the University of Bradford). He was also made a Justice of Peace during this period and was a member of the Bradford School Board.
Hill married and had three sons and two daughters. In retirement he lived at Perth House in the village of Lightcliffe, West Yorkshire. Hill died at the age of 80 on 5 August 1909 in Lightcliffe.
# 1949 in Italian television

This is a list of Italian television related events from 1949.

## Events

* 11 September: after a ten-year hiatus due to the war, experimental television broadcasts resume in Italy for the first international television congress in Milan. The programming consists mostly of music and dance shows., classical and light; it includes also variety numbers with Wanda Osiris, Ugo Tognazzi and Tino Scotti and an interview with Fausto Coppi. In the first Italian TV report, the delegates to the congress see themselves on the little screen as they are visiting the RAI center in Turin. However, this new start causes quarrels about the seat of the new service (Milan or Turin) and about the broadcasting standard (the American one, at 625 lines, or the French one, at 813).I n Turin, two stations are active, one built by General Electric, (625 lines), and one with material provided by French TV (819 lines.)
* 16 September: the first opera is aired on Italian television; RAI broadcasts Giovanni Battista Pergolesi's La serva padrona, with Sesto Bruscantini, from the Corso Sempione studio in Milan.
* 8-23 October: for the Turin Mechanical Exhibition, RAI carries out new television experiments, for four hours a day (five on Sundays). In addition to the special stand of the exhibition, the shows are visible on two televisions installed in the showcases of the journals La Stampa and La Gazzetta del popolo..
* 6 November: Italian president Luigi Einaudi, during a visit to the RAI seat in Turin, attends experiments in television broadcasting.
* 24 December: first post-war TV chronicle in Rome; the Holy Seat broadcasts live the opening of the Holy Door for the 1950 Jubilee, with technical means provided by French television. During the Holy Year, the Vatican TV station broadcasts the main ceremonies taking place in St. Peter's Basilica.
# Evan Williams (rugby)

Evan Williams (18 June 1906 – 18 November 1976) was a Welsh rugby union, and professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1920s and 1930s. He played representative level rugby union (RU) for Wales, and at club level for Aberavon RFC as a centre, i.e. number 12 or 13, and club level rugby league (RL) for Leeds, as a goal-kicking centre, stand-off or scrum-half.

## Background

Williams was born in Port Talbot, Wales, he died aged 70 in Leeds, West Yorkshire, England.

## Playing career
### International honours

Evan Williams won two caps for Wales (RU) while at Aberavon RFC in 1925 against England and Scotland. Evans won his first cap aged 18 which at the time made him the second youngest player to represent Wales after Norman Biggs in 1888.

### Championship final appearances

Evan Williams played at centre in Leeds' 2-8 defeat by Hunslet in the Championship Final during the 1937–38 season at Elland Road, Leeds on Saturday 30 April 1938.

### Challenge Cup Final appearances

Evan Williams played stand-off in Leeds' 11-8 victory over Swinton in the 1931–32 Challenge Cup Final during the 1931–32 season at Central Park, Wigan on Saturday 9 April 1932, and played scrum-half, and scored three goals in the 18-2 victory over Warrington in the 1935–36 Challenge Cup Final during the 1935–36 season at Wembley Stadium, London on Saturday 18 April 1936.

### Club career

Evan Williams made his début for Leeds, and scored a try in 61-3 the victory over Bradford Northern on Saturday 7 November 1925.

## Personal life

Evan Williams' marriage to Eunice (née John) was registered during third ¼ 1926 in Leeds district. They had four children, Evan Rowland (birth registered during first ¼ 1927 in Leeds district), Bryan (birth registered during fourth ¼ 1929 in Leeds North district), Barrie (birth registered during second ¼ 1932 in Leeds North district), and Gwynneth A. (birth registered during fourth ¼ 1947 in Leeds district).
# Monte Astu

Monte Astu or Monte Asto is a mountain in the department of Haute-Corse on the island of Corsica, France.

## Location

The peak is on the border between the communes of Lama and Sorio. It is to the east of the D8 road from Pietralba via Lama to Urtaca. It is the highest point of a ridge that includes the 1,509 metres (4,951 ft) Cima di Grimaseta and 1,512 metres (4,961 ft) Petra San Ghiaccu to the south and the 1,371 metres (4,498 ft) Monte a l'Alturaia, 1,299 metres (4,262 ft) Cima a Muzzelli and 1,063 metres (3,488 ft) Monte Ambrica to the north. Another ridge runs eastward through the 1333 Monti di Peru, 1042 A Genucula and 717 Croce d'Aculaghja to San-Gavino-di-Tenda. The Fiume di Gargalagne, a tributary of the Ostriconi, drains the west of the ridge. Streams from the southeast of the ridge feed the Fiumi Raghiunti, the upper section of the Aliso River.

## Physical

Monte Asto has an elevation of 1,535 metres (5,036 ft) and clean prominence of 1,063 metres (3,488 ft). It is isolated by 17.96 kilometres (11.16 mi) from its nearest higher neighbour, Cima a i Mori to the south of southwest.
Monte Astu is the highest point in the Tenda massif between Saint-Florent and L'Île-Rousse in Haute-Corse. This is a granitic mole partially detached from its mica schist encasement which still remains on its periphery and on its roof.

## Hiking

The route to the summit from Lama is 12.8 kilometres (8.0 mi) there and back, with a vertical of 1,043 metres (3,422 ft). It is considered difficult, and takes about six hours. The path winds through Corsican maquis shrubland along a marked path past the Refuge de Prunincu to the ridge overlooking the Puleghio ravine. ffA small climb across riprap is needed to reach the summit, not advised for people with vertigo.
From the summit there is a beautiful panorama over northern Corsica, including the Agriates Desert, the Monte Cinto massif, Cap Corse and the Tuscan Archipelago. The view includes the eastern plain, the Saint-Florent bay to the north and L'Île-Rousse to the west.

## Gallery

* Hiking trail sign
* Urtaca, Monte Astu
* Pietralba, Monte Astu to the left
* Summit