OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Watnall railway station

Watnall railway station was a station serving the village of Watnall in Nottinghamshire, England. The station opened in 1882 and closed in 1917. It was sited at the eastern end of the railway cutting used to provide the Midland Railway with a route through to Kimberley.
The cutting still exists although it is heavily overgrown. Remnants of the platform can be found beneath the undergrowth, but the buildings are no longer in existence. A bunker was built on this site for RAF Watnall during the Second World War and used as an operations centre for No. 12 Group RAF. The headquarters moved to RAF Newton in 1946, but the bunker remained in use for the duration of the ROTOR program and was mothballed in 1961. The bunker was used as a rifle range by the Awsworth – Kimberley and District Rifle Club.
In May 2010, local police discovered a large cannabis factory inside the bunker.
| Preceding station | Disused railways | Following station |
| Kimberley West Line and station closed | Midland Railway Bennerley and Bulwell Railway | Basford Vernon Line and station closed |
# Milton Allimadi

Milton Allimadi is a Ugandan-American author, journalist, professor, and a co-founder of Black Star News.
He is known for his critique of racist writing by white authors about Africa and Africans, in his 2003 book The Hearts of Darkness and his 2021 Manufacturing Hate.

## Early life and education

Allimadi was born in Uganda.
He graduated from the Graduate School of Journalism at Columbia and has a bachelor's and a master's degree in economics from Syracuse University.

## Career
### Journalism

Allimadi's first journalism job was as an intern at The Journal of Commerce before working at the Wall Street Journal. He later worked freelance for the New York Times where his piece Inventing Africa pointed out the trend of white reporters fabricating stories about Africa.
In 1997, he became the founding editor of New York-based investigative newspaper Black Star News.
He criticized Ugandan peacekeepers seconded to the United Nations for acting as proxy police force for the United States.
Allimadi wrote about the relief of Black Americans after Donald Trump was defeated in the 2020 United States presidential election.

### Activism

In 2014, Allimadi created a petition to the United States State Department to revoke the visa of Ugandan politician Sam Kutesa.

### Academia

Allimadi has worked as professor of African studies and an adjunct professor of Criminal Justice at the John Jay College of Criminal Justice at the City University of New York. As of 2022, he worked at the John Jay College and as an adjunct assistant professor at the Graduate School of Journalism at Columbia.

### Literature

His book The Hearts of Darkness critiques the racist stereotypes that white writers perpetuate about Africa and Africans, specifically descriptions of barbarism, physical, moral and intellectual inferiority, denial of the positive contributions that Black people have made to culture, arts, science, and descriptions of Africa as inhospitable and uncivilized.

#### Selected publications

* Targeted Rapes to Spread HIV Started in Uganda, 2009, The New York Times
* The Hearts of Darkness - How White Writers Created the Racist Image of Africa, 2002, Black Star Books ISBN 9780974003900
* Manufacturing Hate - How Africa Was Demonized in Western Media, 2021, Kendall Hunt Publishing Company, ISBN 9781792466472
# Samantha M. Bailey

Samantha M. Bailey is a Canadian writer of thriller novels from Toronto, Ontario, whose 2022 novel Watch Out for Her was selected for the 2025 edition of Canada Reads.
Bailey published her debut novel, Woman on the Edge, in 2019. The book, which became an international bestseller, was optioned by Wildling Pictures and Little Mama Media in 2024 for development as a film.
Watch Out for Her, Bailey's second novel, was published in 2022, and was followed by A Friend in the Dark in 2024.
Watch Out for Her will be defended in Canada Reads by Olympic swimmer Maggie Mac Neil.
# Turtles All the Way Down (song)

"Turtles All the Way Down" is a song written and recorded by American country music artist Sturgill Simpson. It was released in April 2014 as the second single from his album Metamodern Sounds in Country Music.

## Content

The song title, also in the lyrics, is a reference to "turtles all the way down", a lighthearted term for the concept of Anavastha from Indian philosophy, which states that there is no underlying basis, or ground, for existence. The song lyrics are about, in part, the psychedelic experience as brought on by drugs including marijuana, LSD, psilocybin and DMT. References are made to encounters with Jesus, the Devil, Buddha, and reptile aliens. The songwriter's mortality, and the life saving effect of love, are also referenced. The musical form is that of a country music ballad.

## Critical reception

In his review of the album at AllMusic, Thom Jurek gave the song a positive review, praising both the production as well as Simpson's vocals and saying that "The track features Cobb's nylon-string guitar, the wafting tapes of a Mellotron, electric bass, acoustic and electric guitars, and sharp drums framing Simpson's lyrics that refer to Jesus, the Old Testament, Buddha, mythology, cosmology, drugs, and physics, before concluding that "love's the only thing that ever saved my life," making it a glorious cosmic cowboy song.
Rolling Stone ranked the song No. 4 in its article "25 Best Country Songs of 2014." It praised the lyrics, saying that ""Turtles All the Way Down" is many things. Part twisted travelogue ("Met the devil in Seattle and spent nine months inside the lion's den"), part half-baked philosophy seminar ("Our souls must roam to and through that myth we call space and time"), "Turtles" serves as Simpson's grand mission statement for the rich storytelling and sentimentality that define this promising new artist." The same outlet also ranked the song at #142 on its 200 Greatest Country Songs of All Time ranking in May 2024.

## Music video

The music video was directed by Graham Uhelski and premiered in April 2014.

## In Television & Film

The song was featured on FX's The Bridge.
The song was featured on HBO’s Watchmen in the season 1 episode “Little Fear of Lightning”.
The song was used in season 2 episode 8 of the TV series Reservation Dogs.
The song was featured in the 2022 film “Dog” starring Channing Tatum.
# Malawi and the International Monetary Fund

The International Monetary Fund (IMF) has operated in Malawi since 1965.

## History

Malawi joined the International Monetary Fund on July 19, 1965. Malawi has since concluded 13 arrangements (loans) with the fund. The first came on October 31, 1979 and the thirteenth on July 23, 2012. Among the 661,749 Special Drawing Rights agreed on these 13 loans, Malawi has drawn 493,679 SDRs, of which 149,741 SDRs are still pending. Malawi's quota amounts to 138.8 million Special Drawing Rights.

### Constituency

Malawi belongs to Africa Group 1, the IMF's largest constituency, along with 22 other nations. The constituency as a whole yields 2.97 percent of the collective voting power within the fund and is egalitarian, unlike other large constituencies, As of 2017 Maxwell M. Mkwezalamba, Malawi's former Minister of Finance, serves as the constituency's Executive Director, a position that rotates among members.

### Arrangements

On July 23, 2012, the IMF's Extended Credit Facility (ECF) approved a loan of 138,800 SDRs, of which Malawi has drawn 119.3 million. Malawi sought financial assistance from Fund, because the nation was facing a budget crisis. In July 2012, the ECF issued a loan of $156 million to prevent the depletion of the country's international reserves. Goals of the fund's intervention included reducing inflation, increasing foreign-exchange reserves, and enhancing financial services to improve the nation's balance of payments and encourage foreign investment. As a result of a drought caused by El Niño weather patterns, the Fund approved a 49.2 million dollar disbursement. Because of a reduction in maize production by about 12%, intervention was necessary to prevent maize price inflation. The United Nations World Food Program estimated that the reduction in the production of maize and other crops has left over 6.5 million Malawians susceptible to food insecurity. The IMF approved this additional disbursement in order to alleviate the food shortage.

### Heavily Indebted Poor Countries

Founded by the IMF and the World Bank in 1996, the Heavily Indebted Poor Countries organisation (HIPC) extended debt forgiveness to the world's most indebted nations. Among those 36 countries who met the requirements of this initiative include Malawi, Afghanistan and Haiti. Malawi was the 20th country to be approved as a participant in the initiative, and once approved, Malawi became eligible for further debt relief from the World Banks IDA, the IMF and the African Development Fund (AfDF) under the Multilateral Debt Relief Initiative (MDRI)."
# Mark Meador

Mark R. Meador is an American lawyer. A member of the Republican Party, he is a nominee to serve on the Federal Trade Commission (FTC).

## Early life

Meador graduated from the University of Chicago in 2007 with a Bachelor of Arts in philosophy and from the University of Houston Law Center in 2011 with a Juris Doctor degree. Meador, a Republican, is a member of the Federalist Society.

## Career

Meador focuses on antitrust cases, having gained an interest from a class he took at Houston. He worked for a time in the office of the Texas Attorney General and after he graduated from Houston, he worked from 2011 to 2016 with the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) as an attorney for the bureau of competition division. From 2016 to 2019, Meador was in private practice at the law firm Paul, Weiss, Rifkind, Wharton & Garrison.
Meador joined the United States Department of Justice in 2019 as a trial attorney in the antitrust division, where he served two years. He then joined the office of Utah U.S. Senator Mike Lee, where he held the position of Deputy Chief Counsel for Antitrust and Competition Policy. He worked for Lee, the minority leader of the Senate Antitrust Subcommittee, until 2023. During his time in Lee's office, Meador drafted a bill for Lee that would have required Google's ad tech business to break up.
Bloomberg Law described Meador as "a pro-enforcement, populist Republican, particularly when it comes to the technology industry." After his tenure with Lee's office, he became a partner with Kressin Law Group, then renamed Kressin Meador LLC.
On December 10, 2024, President-elect Donald Trump announced he was nominating Meador to serve as a commissioner on the Federal Trade Commission.
# Better Portable Graphics

Better Portable Graphics (BPG) is a file format for coding digital images, which was created by programmer Fabrice Bellard in 2014. He has proposed it as a replacement for the JPEG image format as the more compression-efficient alternative in terms of image quality or file size. It is based on the intra-frame encoding of the High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) video compression standard. Tests on photographic images in July 2014 found that BPG produced smaller files for a given quality than JPEG, JPEG XR and WebP.
The format has been designed to be portable and work in low memory environments, and used in portable handheld and IoT devices, where those properties are particularly important. Current research works on designing and developing more energy-efficient BPG hardware which can then be integrated in portable devices such as digital cameras.
While there is no built-in native support for BPG in any mainstream browsers, websites can still deliver BPG images to all browsers by including a JavaScript library written by Bellard. Others followed Bellard's idea and created the AVIF image format based on the AV1 video codec, which is patent free and therefore got implemented in browsers.

## Origin in HEVC

HEVC has several profiles defined for extending its intra-frame encoding to still images at various bit depths and color formats, including "Main Still Picture," "Main 4:4:4 Still Picture," and "Main 4:4:4 16 Still Picture profiles." BPG is a wrapper for the "Main 4:4:4 16 Still Picture" profile up to 14 bits per sample.

## Specifications

BPG's container format is intended to be more suited to a generic image format than the raw bitstream format used in HEVC (which is otherwise ordinarily used within some other wrapper format, such as the .mp4 file format).
BPG supports the color formats known as 4:4:4, 4:2:2, and 4:2:0. Support for a separately coded extra channel is also included for an alpha channel or the fourth channel of a CMYK image. Metadata support is included for Exif, ICC profiles, and XMP.
Color space support is included for YCbCr with ITU-R BT.601, BT.709, and BT.2020 (non-constant luminance) definitions, YCgCo, RGB, CMYK, and grayscale.
Support for HEVC's lossy and lossless data compression is included.
BPG supports animation.

## Patents

According to Bellard's site BPG may be covered by some of the patents on HEVC, but any device licensed to support HEVC will also be covered for BPG. Patent issues may prevent JPEG replacement by BPG despite BPG's better technical performance.

## Other proposed JPEG replacements

Several other image formats have also been proposed as JPEG replacements, including:
* AVIF, image format based on the AV1 video codec
* FLIF
* HEIF, another container for HEVC intra-frames
* JPEG 2000
* JPEG XL
* JPEG XR
* WebP, image format based on VP8
# Midland Railway 1102 Class

The Midland Railway 1102 Class was a class of 0-6-0T steam locomotives. Twenty-five were built by Neilson and Company in 1874–75 (Nos. 1102–1126) and fifteen by Vulcan Foundry in 1875–76 (Nos. 1127–1141). They were very similar to the subsequent 1377 Class.
The Midland 1907 numbers were 1620–1659. All except No. 1628 were inherited by the LMS in 1923. They were all withdrawn by 1932, and none have been preserved.
# Louise Townsend Nicholl

Louise Townsend Nicholl (1890, Scotch Plains, New Jersey – November 10, 1981, Plainfield, New Jersey) was an American poet, and editor.

## Life

She graduated from Smith College, where she studied with Adelaide Crapsey.
She worked at The New York Evening Post, Contemporary Verse, Measure (1921–1925), and was an editor at E. P. Dutton.
She was a friend of Louise Bogan, and Gore Vidal. She corresponded with George Dillon.
She was a finalist for a Pulitzer Prize in 1953.
Her work appeared in The New Yorker, Saturday Review, The forum, The Literary Review, The Independent,
She lived in Scotch Plains, New Jersey, and had three sisters, Mrs. Robert Lowery Van Dyke, Marion Nicholl Rawson and Mrs. John Sherburne Valentine.

## Awards

* 1954 Academy of American Poets' Fellowship
* 1965 Lowell Mason Palmer Award
* 1971 The Shelley Memorial Award

## Works
### Poetry

* Bonner, Amy, ed. (1946). "Refraction". The Poetry Society of America anthology. Ayer Publishing. ISBN 978-0-8369-6003-7.
* The Blossom-print. E.P. Dutton & Company, Inc. 1938.
* Water and Light. E. P. Dutton & company, inc. 1939.
* Dawn in snow. E.P. Dutton. 1941.
* Life is the Flesh: Poems. E.P. Dutton. 1947.
* The Explicit Flower. Dutton. 1952.
* Collected Poems. Dutton. 1953.
* The world's one clock. St. Martin's Press. 1959.
* The blood that is language. John Day Co. 1967.

### Anthologies

* Esther Morgan McCullough, ed. (1956). As I pass, O Manhattan: an anthology of life in New York. Coley Taylor.
* Robert Penn Warren, ed. (1984). Fifty years of American poetry: anniversary volume for the Academy of American Poets. H.N. Abrams.

### Non-fiction

* Louise Townsend Nicholl (June 17, 1916). "Sophia Smith's House in Order". The Saturday Evening Post Magazine.
# Hebdów

Hebdów is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Nowe Brzesko, within Proszowice County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland. It lies approximately 3 kilometres (2 mi) north-east of Nowe Brzesko, 10 km (6 mi) south-east of Proszowice, and 36 km (22 mi) east of the regional capital Kraków.
Hebdów is famous across the region for its Norbertine Abbey, which was founded in the first half of the 12th century (one of the bells at the abbey bears the date 1108). The historic complex (the abbey together with a church) currently belongs to the Piarists. It is home to a sanctuary of Our Lady of Hebdów (Matka Boska Hebdowska), and the 45-meter tall towers of the church are visible from a large distance.
The history of the abbey dates back to the year 1146, when two knights of High Duke of Poland, Bolesław IV the Curly, invited here Premonstratensian monks from Strahov Monastery in the Kingdom of Bohemia. The abbey at Hebdów became a branch of the Czech monastery, with first monks having been of Czech origin, and the first abbot a German man named Wosolanus, who died in 1179. Originally, both monks and nuns lived at Hebdów. After some time however, Norbertine nuns moved to the village of Zwierzyniec, which now is a district of Kraków. In 1279, wójt Gotfryd of Ślezino founded the town of Nowe Brzesko, located only three kilometers from Hebdów. The town remained property of the monastery until the 19th century. In the Middle Ages, Hebdów Abbey emerged as a regional center of the Norbertines. It controlled other abbeys, at Witów, Nowy Sącz, Zwierzyniec, Imbramowice, Busko Zdrój, Płock and Krzyżanowice.
The decline of the abbey was brought about by the Protestant Reformation. Furthermore, the abbots at Hebdów were selected by Polish Kings, which had negative consequences, as they were more interested in profits than in spiritual discipline of their monks. In the mid-17th century, the church was expanded by abbot Ludwik Stępkowski, who later became the Bishop of Kamieniec Podolski. Several new ornaments, altars and paintings were added to the church at that time, including the so-called Oratorio Chapel. The new, remodelled church was blessed by Bishop Mikołaj Oborski on May 31, 1678.
After the Partitions of Poland Hebdów briefly belonged to the Habsburg Empire, and in 1815 it became part of Russian-controlled Congress Poland, in which it remained until World War I. In 1819, Russians took control over the complex, taking away the abbey’s library, with its precious collection of ancient prints and books. In 1859 the church burned, and services were temporarily moved to Nowe Brzesko. Since 1949, the complex has been administered by the Piarists. Arguably, the most famous of the Hebdów abbots was Józef Andrzej Załuski.
# Shippensburg Area School District

The Shippensburg Area School District is a midsized, suburban, public school district in Franklin County, Pennsylvania and Cumberland County, Pennsylvania. It is centered on the borough of Shippensburg and also serves Newburg, Hopewell Township, Shippensburg Township, and Southampton Township in Cumberland County and the adjacent and similarly named but independently governed Southampton Township along with Orrstown in Franklin County. Shippensburg Area School District encompasses approximately 121 square miles (310 km$^2$). According to 2000 federal census data it serves a resident population of 23,714 people. By 2010, the District's population increased to 28,243 people. In 2009, the District residents’ per capita income was $15,113, while the median family income was $45,273. In the Commonwealth, the median family income was $49,501 and the United States median family income was $49,445, in 2010.
The District partners with Shippensburg University in developing its academic programs of study and continuing education for the teachers.

## Extracurriculars

The Shippensburg Area School District offers a variety of clubs, activities and an extensive sports program.

### Sports

The District Funds:
| Boys | Girls |
| Baseball - AAA | Basketball - AAA |
| Basketball - AAAA | Cross Country - AAA |
| Cross Country - AAA | Field Hockey - AAA |
| Football - AAA | Soccer (Fall) - AAA |
| Golf - AAA | Softball - AAA |
| Soccer - AAA | Swimming and Diving - AA |
| Swimming & Diving - AAA | Track and Field - AAA |
| Track and Field - AAA | Volleyball - AAA |
| Wrestling - AAA | |

#### Middle School Sports

| Boys | Girls |
| Basketball | Basketball |
| Cross Country | Cross Country |
| Football | Field Hockey |
| Soccer | Soccer (Fall) |
| Wrestling | Volleyball |
According to PIAA directory July 2012
# Masoquismo

"Masoquismo" (English: "Masochism") is a song by Dominican singer Anthony Santos and featured American singer Romeo Santos. The single was released on October 30, 2015.

## Charts

| Chart (2015) | Peak position |
| US Latin Digital Song Sales (Billboard) | 6 |
# Dovetail (company)

Dovetail is an Australian software company. Users create tags to perform transcription analysis and coding interpretation of interviews, survey responses and feedback, and create summarized insights from their research analysis.
In August 2021, Dovetail raised AU$5 million at a reported valuation of "more than AU$150 million"; raising its valuation fivefold from its prior fundraising round in 2020. Dovetail raised further Series A funding of US$63 million, led by Accel in January 2022.

## History

The company was founded in 2017 in Sydney, Australia by Benjamin Humphrey and Bradley Ayers. Both had worked at software company Atlassian, and Humphrey claims he started Dovetail based on his experience working with researchers at the company.
Prior to the company's founding, Humphrey worked on the idea in his spare time, outsourcing the product's development and financing it with a AU$10,000 credit card debt. In 2017 he convinced Ayers to leave his role at Atlassian and join as co-founder.
In November 2017, Dovetail was awarded the AU$25,000 minimum viable product grant from the New South Wales Department of Industry Jobs for NSW program. The grant was awarded to fund investment in automatic sentiment analysis features.
In February 2020, Dovetail announced a AU$4 million seed fundraising round led by Blackbird Ventures, with participation from Felicis Ventures and Culture Amp's CEO and co-founder Didier Elzinga to accelerate revenue growth. This raise reportedly valued Dovetail at "close to AU$30 million".
In August 2021, Dovetail announced that it had raised AU$5 million from existing investors Blackbird Ventures, Felicis Ventures, along with participation from Mike Cannon-Brookes' investment vehicle, Grok Ventures.
In January 2022, Dovetail announced it had raised a US$63 million Series A led by Accel. New investors also included Webflow CEO and co-founder Vlad Magdalin, CEO and co-founder of Checkr, Daniel Yanisse, and CEO and co-founder of Slack, Stewart Butterfield.
In 2023, Dovetail's headquarters moved to a new office spanning 4,300 square metres over four levels located on Sydney's historic Oxford Street. In January 2024, Ayers left the company after stepping down to an engineering role in the previous year.
In November 2024, Dovetail's senior company lawyer sued the company and founder Benjamin Humphrey over a "personal relationship." In February 2025, it was revealed the case was brought to the Federal Court, with the Dovetail and Mr Humphrey being sued for sexual harassment and discrimination.