OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Time in Venezuela

"none" is preferred when the title is sufficiently descriptive; see [[WP:SDNONE]] Venezuela uses the UTC−04:00 time offset, and they had previously used UTC−04:30 from 9 December 2007 until 30 April 2016. The time is commonly called Venezuelan Standard Time (VET), and legally referred to as Hora Legal de Venezuela (HLV) or Venezuela's Legal Time. The HLV is administered by the Navigation and Hydrography Service, in the Cagigal Naval Observatory, Caracas.
The official time zone of Venezuela is determined by meridian 60° west of Greenwich, UK.
UTC−04:30 was formerly the official time zone in Venezuela from 1912 to 1965, when the government changed it in order to adopt meridian 60° UTC−04:00, which passes through Punta de Playa, Delta Amacuro State. It was changed again to UTC−04:30 from 2007 to 2016.

## Background

The Venezuela's Legal Time Service was founded in answer to the need of a standard time across the country, located approximately between meridians 60° W and 75° W, corresponding to UTC−04:00 and UTC−05:00 with respect to the prime meridian. In 1912, the meridian 67° 30' W was adopted as the first geographical reference for a national time system. The HLV was given to the National Telegraphy Central Office as an astronomical time standard, corresponding to GMT−04:30. During the 1930s, the broadcasting services began time reports synchronized with the HLV. In 1965 the Republic of Venezuela Congress established meridian 60° W, near Punta de Playa in Delta Amacuro state, as official, since the previous one did not fulfill the international requirement for time standards of being based on integer differences with the GMT. Beginning then, Venezuela Standard Time was UTC−04:00; this meant the addition of thirty more minutes to the previous time. This modification was carried out based on research from the La Electricidad de Caracas (Caracas Electricity) Company. The results indicated that adding thirty minutes to the previous time would save energy use, since all morning activities were going to be carried out in the presence of sunlight, and there would be an additional half an hour of sunlight in the afternoons.

## Current standard time

In December 2007, Hugo Chávez changed, via decree, the official meridian to meridian 67° 30' W, the same used between 1912 and 1965. As result, the standard time was UTC−04:30, half an hour behind the previous time which eventually led to an increase in energy consumption.
On 15 April 2016, President Nicolás Maduro announced that Venezuela would reverse Chávez's time change due to the shortage of electricity (the country's hydroelectric power has been hit by low water levels) in Venezuela, with a return to UTC−04:00 which began on 1 May 2016 at 03:00:00.

## IANA time zone database

The IANA time zone database contains one zone for Venezuela in the file zone.tab, named America/Caracas.
| coordinates* | TZ* | Standard time | Summer time |
| +1030−06656 | America/Caracas | UTC-04:00 | not observed |
# Bernard Roizman

Bernard Roizman (born April 17, 1929) is an American scientist born in Romania. He is the Joseph Regenstein Distinguished Service Professor of Virology in the Departments of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology at the University of Chicago.

## Early life and education

Roizman was born in Chișinău, Kingdom of Romania in 1929. As he later recalled, his early life was "shaped by World War II" and the hardships his family endured as war refugees after being displaced in 1941 by the German invasion of the Soviet Union. The family eventually made their way to the United States in 1948, where they settled in Philadelphia. Roizman received a scholarship to attend a Pennsylvanian college and enrolled at Temple University, from which he received his bachelor's and master's degrees. He subsequently attended the Johns Hopkins School of Public Health, where he received his Sc.D. in 1956.

## Academic career and research

Roizman joined the faculty at Johns Hopkins after graduation, and later spent a year as a visiting scientist at the Institut Pasteur in Paris. When he returned to the United States he joined the faculty at the University of Chicago in 1965. He served as department chair from 1985 to 1988. He was one of several prominent virologists involved in the founding of the American Society for Virology and organized a key meeting in Chicago that led to the society's establishment.
Roizman's research interests focused on the herpes simplex virus, particularly on regulation of viral genes and on the use of site-specific mutagenesis to study viral gene function. In 1999 he was involved in an inventorship dispute with a member of his research group, whose lawsuit was ultimately successful.$^{:25–6}$

## Awards and honors

* Elected: Member of the United States National Academy of Sciences, 1979
* Fellow, American Academy of Arts and Sciences, 1991
* Fellow, American Academy of Microbiology, 1992
* Bristol-Myers Squibb Award for Distinguished Achievement in Infectious Disease Research, 1998
* Foreign Member, Chinese Academy of Engineering, 2000
* Institute of Medicine, 2001
* Fellow, American Association for the Advancement of Science, 2004
* Selman A. Waksman Award in Microbiology, 2017
# Hibhib

Hibhib (Arabic: ناحية هبهب, Hibhib Village) is a village in Iraq, located 8 km (5.0 mi) northwest of Baquba. It is predominantly Sunni Muslim Arab.

## History

The former leader of Al-Qaeda in Iraq, who was the Jordanian-born militant Abu Musab al-Zarqawi, maintained a safehouse in the village. On June 7, 2006, while meeting in the safehouse with his spiritual adviser, he was bombed and killed by U.S.-led coalition aircraft.
* Iraq portal
33°47′N 44°30′E﻿ / ﻿33.783°N 44.500°E﻿ / 33.783; 44.500
# Last Hero 5: Super Game

Last Hero 5: Super-Game (Russian: Последний герой 5: Супер игра, Posledniy Geroy 5: Super Igra) was the fifth season of Russian Last Hero show, hosted by Vladimir Menshov.

## Contestants

| Contestant | Original Tribe | Switched Tribe | Merged Tribe | Finish |
| Sherif "Jam" Musa Returned | Stars | Pirates | | 1st Voted Out Day 3 |
| Zhanna Friske Returned | Heroes | Pirates | | 2nd Voted Out Day 6 |
| Stas Piekha 23, Saint Petersburg | Stars | | | Quit Day 8 |
| Aleksandr Berdnikov 23, Ashgabat, Turkmenistan | Stars | Pirates | | 3rd Voted Out Day 9 |
| Alexander Novin Last hero - 2 | Heroes | Pirates | | 4th Voted Out Day 12 |
| Tatyana Dogileva Last hero - 3 | Heroes | | | Quit Day 13 |
| Ruslan Kurik 24, Jūrmala, Latvia | Stars | Pirates | | 5th Voted Out Day 15 |
| Irakliy Pirtskhalava 26, Moscow | Stars | Pirates | | 6th Voted Out Day 18 |
| Elena Temnikova 19, Kurgan | Stars | Heroes | | 7th Voted Out Day 24 |
| Tatyana "Mona" Zaikina 22, Volgograd | Stars | Stars | The Last Hero | 8th Voted Out 1st Jury Member Day 27 |
| Dana Borisova Last hero - 3 | Heroes | Heroes | The Last Hero | 9th Voted Out 2nd Jury Member Day 30 |
| Mikhail Grebenschikov 28, Voronezh | Stars | Stars | The Last Hero | 10th Voted Out 3rd Jury Member Day 33 |
| Nikolay Drozdov Last hero - 4 | Heroes | Heroes | The Last Hero | Eliminated 4th Jury Member Day 34 |
| Sherif "Jam" Musa 29, Moscow | Stars | Heroes Day 22 | The Last Hero | Eliminated 5th Jury Member Day 35 |
| Kseniya Larina 19, Moscow | Stars | Stars | The Last Hero | 11th Voted Out 6th Jury Member Day 36 |
| Elena Bartkova Last hero - 2 | Heroes | Heroes | The Last Hero | Eliminated 7th Jury Member Day 37 |
| Maxim Pokrovskiy Last hero - 4 | Heroes | Stars Day 13 | The Last Hero | Eliminated 8th Jury Member Day 38 |
| Sergey Odintsov Last hero - 1 | Heroes | Stars Day 23 | The Last Hero | Eliminated 9th Jury Member Day 39 |
| Svetlana Svetikova 20, Moscow | Stars | Stars | The Last Hero | Runner-Up Day 39 |
| Zhanna Friske Last hero - 4 | Heroes | Stars Day 22 | The Last Hero | Runner-Up Day 39 |
| Alexander Matveev Last hero - 4 | Heroes | Stars Day 13 | The Last Hero | Sole Survivor Day 39 |
    The Total Votes is the number of votes a castaway has received during Tribal Councils where the castaway is eligible to be voted out of the game. It does not include the votes received during the final Tribal Council.
# The Exquisite Corpse Project

The Exquisite Corpse Project is a 2012 crossover comedy/documentary from director Ben Popik and the comedy group Olde English. In the film, Popik challenges five comedy writers to each write a fifth of a film, with the constraint that each writer can only read the previous five pages of the script before writing their section. The final film is a combination of the movie written by the writers, and a documentary about the argument-provoking writing process.

## Title and structure

The film takes its title from a Surrealist parlor game called Exquisite Corpse, in which a group of artists complete a drawing in sections with each artist having almost no idea what the other artists have contributed.
The structure of the film is true to that concept—each writer writes a fifth of the movie, but is only allowed to read the previous five pages of the script. Accordingly, while the second writer is allowed to read pages 11–15 of the script, the fifth writer is only allowed to read pages 56–60 before writing the final section of the film. Additionally, Popik filmed interviews at every stage of the process, beginning with the initial assignment of the challenge, and snippets of those interviews are used to provide comedic commentary on the film. According to the review in Film Threat, "It’s like having all the special features of a DVD playing at the same time as the movie, only instead of being a distraction it enhances the experience."

## Writers

The film was written by Olde English Comedy members Raphael Bob-Waksberg, Dave Segal, and Adam Conover—as well as former member Joel Clark and OE collaborator Chioke Nassor. The order of the writers was chosen randomly, and each writer was given a week to write their 15-page section. Since the movie is one-third documentary, the writers themselves are major characters in the film.

## Cast

The film stars Olde English comedy member Caleb Bark, as well as a number of longtime OE collaborators including actress Julia Frey.
* Caleb Bark as Marc
* Megan Raye Manzi as Adayit/Meg
* Julia Frey as Stephanie
* Trevor Williams as Yustus
* Tavon Bolourchi as Todd
* Geoff Lee as Mr. Kim

## Accolades

Since its festival premiere in June 2012 at Dances With Films, the film has won the following awards:
| Award | Festival |
| Audience Choice | Dances With Films |
| Best Documentary | LA New Wave Film Festival |
| Best Director | LA New Wave Film Festival |
| Best Feature Narrative | Annapolis Film Festival |
# Atlas of Lie groups and representations

The Atlas of Lie Groups and Representations is a mathematical project to solve the problem of the unitary dual for real reductive Lie groups.
As of March 2008, the following mathematicians are listed as members:
* Jeffrey Adams
* Dan Barbasch
* Birne Binegar
* Bill Casselman
* Dan Ciubotaru
* Fokko du Cloux
* Scott Crofts
* Steve Jackson
* Alfred Noël
* Tatiana Howard
* Alessandra Pantano
* Annegret Paul
* Patrick Polo
* Siddhartha Sahi
* Susana Salamanca
* John Stembridge
* Peter Trapa
* Marc van Leeuwen
* David Vogan
* Wai-Ling Yee
* Jiu-Kang Yu
* Gregg Zuckerman
# Deputy lieutenant

In the United Kingdom, a deputy lieutenant is a Crown appointment and one of several deputies to the lord-lieutenant of a lieutenancy area – an English ceremonial county, Welsh preserved county, Scottish lieutenancy area, or Northern Irish county borough or county. Before the creation of the Irish Free State, all Irish counties had deputy lieutenants.
In formal style, the postnominal letters DL may be added after a deputy lieutenant's surname and other postnominals – e.g., "John Brown, CBE, DL". The position of Deputy Lieutenant is honorary and receives no remuneration.

## Overview

Deputy lieutenants are nominated by a lord-lieutenant, to assist with any duties as may be required (see the Lieutenancies Act 1997). Deputy lieutenants receive their commission of appointment via the appropriate government minister by command of the British monarch. In England and Wales, since November 2001, the minister responsible for most appointments is the Lord Chancellor, with exceptions such as the Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster. In Scotland, since July 1999, it has been the Scottish Ministers.
Decades ago, the number of deputy lieutenants for each county could be as few as three. Today, however, there may be well over a dozen that are appointed, as the number of deputy lieutenants today correlates with the population of each respective county. Deputy lieutenants tend to be people who either have served the local community, or have a history of public service in other fields.
Deputy lieutenants represent the lord-lieutenant in his or her absence, including at local ceremonies and official events, from opening exhibitions to inductions of vicars (as requested by the Church of England). They must live within their lieutenancy area, or within seven miles (11 km) of its boundary. Their appointments do not terminate with any change of lord-lieutenant, but they are legally required to retire at age 75.
One of the serving deputy lieutenants is appointed to be vice lord-lieutenant, who in most circumstances will stand in for a lord-lieutenant who cannot be present. The appointment as vice lord-lieutenant usually expires upon the retirement of the lord-lieutenant who made the choice. Generally, the vice lord-lieutenant would then revert to being a regular deputy lieutenant.
Unlike the office of lord-lieutenant, which is an appointment in the gift of the Sovereign, the position of deputy lieutenant is an appointment of the Sovereign's appointee, and therefore not a direct appointment of the Sovereign per se.
Deputy lieutenant commissions are published by the clerk of the lieutenancy, as a State Appointment, in either the London Gazette or the Edinburgh Gazette, as appropriate, with the names of the persons appointed deputy lieutenants for that county or area, and the dates of their commissions.
# Dave Behrman

David Wesley Behrman (Pronounced: BEER-man) (November 9, 1941 – December 9, 2014) was an American football offensive lineman who played in the American Football League (AFL) for the Buffalo Bills and Denver Broncos. He was the fourth overall pick in the 1963 AFL Draft by the Bills and the 11th pick in the 1963 NFL draft by the Chicago Bears. He also played in the Midwest Football League (MFL) for the Lansing All Stars / Capitals and Flint Sabres from 1972 to 1976.

## College career

Behrman played college football at Michigan State University.

## Professional career
### Buffalo Bills

Behrman was the Bills' first-round draft pick in 1963 and played for them that year, but not in 1964. During the 1965 AFL season, Behrman became the Bills' starting center, replacing veteran Walt Cudzik, playing between left offensive guard Billy Shaw and right guard Al Bemiller. However, due to a back injury, Behrman did not play when the Bills won their second AFL Championship game over the San Diego Chargers by a score of 23–0 under head coach Lou Saban. That season, Behrman was an AFL All-Star center. However, he did not play in 1966, replaced by Bemiller.

### Denver Broncos

Behrman played with the AFL's Denver Broncos during the 1967 AFL season when he played in 11 games.

### Midwest Football League

Behrman signed with the Lansing All Stars of the Midwest Football League in September 1972. He played with the Flint Sabres in 1973 and 1974. He rejoined Lansing, now called the Lansing Capitals, in July 1975. He played with the Capitals through 1976.

## Personal

On December 9, 2014, he died of pancreatic cancer. He was one of at least 345 NFL players to be diagnosed after death with chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE), caused by repeated hits to the head.
# Casey Dunn

Casey Brent Dunn (born October 3, 1976) is an American baseball coach and former catcher, who is the current head baseball coach of the UAB Blazers.

## Career

He played college baseball at Auburn for coach Hal Baird from 1996 to 1999 and played in Minor League Baseball (MiLB) for 2 seasons from 1999 to 2000. He then served as the head coach of the Samford Bulldogs (2005–2021).

## Head coaching record

Statistics overview :
| Season | Team | Overall | Conference | Standing | Postseason |
| Samford Bulldogs (Ohio Valley Conference) (2005–2008) ||||||
| 2005 | Samford | 20–36 | 13–14 | 8th | |
| 2006 | Samford | 34–25 | 21–3 | 1st | Ohio Valley tournament |
| 2007 | Samford | 32–28 | 14–13 | 4th | Ohio Valley tournament |
| 2008 | Samford | 33–22 | 19–7 | 2nd | Ohio Valley tournament |
| Samford Bulldogs (Southern Conference) (2009–2021) ||||||
| 2009 | Samford | 17–35 | 9–21 | 9th | |
| 2010 | Samford | 31–25 | 17–12 | 5th | Southern tournament |
| 2011 | Samford | 37–23 | 18–12 | T-3rd | Southern tournament |
| 2012 | Samford | 41–23 | 19–11 | 4th | NCAA Regionals |
| 2013 | Samford | 27–30 | 12–17 | 8th | Southern tournament |
| 2014 | Samford | 35–25 | 15–12 | 3rd | Southern tournament |
| 2015 | Samford | 32–26 | 14-10 | 2nd | Southern tournament |
| 2016 | Samford | 35–26 | 13–11 | 4th | Southern tournament |
| 2017 | Samford | 33–26 | 11–13 | 6th | Southern tournament |
| 2018 | Samford | 37–26 | 16–8 | 2nd | NCAA Regionals |
| 2019 | Samford | 41–19 | 19–5 | 1st | Southern tournament |
| 2020 | Samford | 13–2 | 0–0 | | Season canceled due to COVID-19 |
| 2021 | Samford | 35–24 | 20–10 | 1st (Blue) | NCAA Regionals |
| Samford: | Samford: | 533–422 (.558) | 254–181 (.584) | | |
| UAB Blazers (Conference USA) (2022–2023) ||||||
| 2022 | UAB | 31–25 | 13–17 | 8th | |
| 2023 | UAB | 17–37 | 8–22 | 10th | |
| UAB Blazers (American Athletic Conference) (2024–present) ||||||
| 2024 | UAB | 26–29 | 13–14 | 5th | AAC Tournament |
| UAB: | UAB: | 74–91 (.448) | 34–53 (.391) | | |
| Total: | Total: | 607–513 (.542) | | | |
| National champion   Postseason invitational champion   Conference regular season champion   Conference regular season and conference tournament champion  Division regular season champion  Division regular season and conference tournament champion  Conference tournament champion ||||||
# Schlegel

Schlegel is a German occupational surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Anthony Schlegel (born 1981), American football player
* August Wilhelm Schlegel (1767–1845), German poet, brother of Friedrich
* Brad Schlegel (born 1968), Canadian ice hockey player
* Bernhard Schlegel (born 1951), German-Canadian chemist
* Carmela Schlegel (born 1983), Swiss swimmer
* Catharina von Schlegel (1697 – after 1768), German hymn writer
* Dorothea von Schlegel (1764–1839), German novelist and translator, wife of Friedrich
* Elfi Schlegel (born 1964), Canadian gymnast and sportscaster
* Frits Schlegel (1896–1965), Danish architect
* Gustaaf Schlegel (1840–1903), Dutch sinologist and field naturalist
* Hans Schlegel (born 1951), German astronaut
* Helmut Schlegel (born 1943), German Franciscan, priest, author, meditation instructor, songwriter
* Hermann Schlegel (1804–1884), German ornithologist and herpetologist
* Johan Frederik Schlegel (1817–1896), Danish civil servant and Governor-General of the Danish West Indies
* Johann Adolf Schlegel (1721–1793), German poet and clergyman, father of August
* Johann Elias Schlegel (1719–1749), German critic and dramatic poet, brother of Johann Adolf
* John P. Schlegel (1943–2015), President of Creighton University and Jesuit
* Karl Wilhelm Friedrich Schlegel (1772–1829), German poet and philosopher, younger brother of August
* Karl Schlegel (aviator) (1893–1918), German World War I flying ace
* Lynda Schlegel-Culver (born 1969), American politician from Pennsylvania
* Margarete Schlegel (1899–1987), German actress
* Marvin Schlegel, German athlete
* Norbert Schlegel (born 1961), German football player and coach
* Paul Marquard Schlegel 1605–1653), German anatomist
* Richard Schlegel, American pathologist
* Richard L. Schlegel (1927–2006), American LGBT rights activist
* Victor Schlegel (1843–1905), German mathematician
# Jake Stewart (cyclist)

Thomas Jake Stewart (born 2 October 1999, in Coventry) is a British racing cyclist, who currently rides for UCI ProTeam Israel–Premier Tech.

## Career

Stewart was initially due to join Groupama–FDJ for the 2021 season – having signed a two-year contract in August 2020 – but he was promoted from the Groupama–FDJ Continental Team early, making his début at Gent–Wevelgem. In 2021, he finished second at the Omloop Het Nieuwsblad. The following season, he took his first pro win on stage one of the Tour de l'Ain and competed in his first Grand Tour: the Vuelta a España. In 2023, he finished in the top ten on two stages of the Giro d'Italia, before again winning the opening stage of the Tour de l'Ain.
In 2024, Stewart joined Israel–Premier Tech on a two-year contract.

## Major results
### Road
#### 2016

    3rd Overall Junior Tour of Wales

#### 2017

    5th Road race, UCI World Junior Championships

#### 2018

    2nd Kattekoers
    3rd Trofeo Piva

#### 2019

    3rd Road race, National Under-23 Championships
    3rd Ronde van Vlaanderen Beloften
    3rd Eschborn–Frankfurt Under-23
    5th Overall Le Triptyque des Monts et Châteaux
    8th Paris–Roubaix Espoirs

#### 2020

    2nd Overall Tour de Limousin
       1st Young rider classification

#### 2021

    2nd Omloop Het Nieuwsblad
    4th Overall Étoile de Bessèges
       1st Young rider classification
    6th Nokere Koerse

#### 2022 (1 pro win)

    1st Stage 1 Tour de l'Ain
    3rd Overall Four Days of Dunkirk
       1st Young rider classification
    3rd Grand Prix du Morbihan
    6th Overall Boucles de la Mayenne
       1st Young rider classification
    8th Overall Tour of Britain
    8th Binche–Chimay–Binche

#### 2023 (1)

    1st Stage 1 Tour de l'Ain

#### 2024

    8th Super 8 Classic
    8th Circuit de Wallonie
    10th Elfstedenronde

#### 2025

    7th Overall Tour de la Provence

#### Grand Tour general classification results timeline

| Grand Tour | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 |
| Giro d'Italia | — | 92 | — |
| Tour de France | — | — | DNF |
| Vuelta a España | DNF | — | — |
Legend :
| — | Did not compete |
| DNF | Did not finish |

### Track
#### 2016

    3rd Madison, National Championships (with Fred Wright)

#### 2017

    National Junior Championships
       1st Madison (with Rhys Britton)
       2nd Scratch
    2nd Madison, National Championships (with Joe Holt)
    UEC European Junior Championships
       2nd Team pursuit
       3rd Madison (with Rhys Britton)

#### 2018

    1st Team pursuit, National Championships
# Arithmetica Universalis

Arithmetica Universalis ("Universal Arithmetic") is a mathematics text by Isaac Newton. Written in Latin, it was edited and published by William Whiston, Newton's successor as Lucasian Professor of Mathematics at the University of Cambridge. The Arithmetica was based on Newton's lecture notes.

## Publication history

Whiston's original edition was published in 1707. It was translated into English by Joseph Raphson, who published it in 1720 as the Universal Arithmetick. John Machin published a second Latin edition in 1722.

## Lack of credit for the writer

None of these editions credit Newton as author; Newton was unhappy with the publication of the Arithmetica, and so refused to have his name appear. In fact, when Whiston's edition was published, Newton was so upset he considered purchasing all of the copies so he could destroy them.

## Content

The Arithmetica touches on algebraic notation, arithmetic, the relationship between geometry and algebra, and the solution of equations. Newton also applied Descartes' rule of signs to imaginary roots. He also offered, without proof, a rule to determine the number of imaginary roots of polynomial equations. A rigorous proof of Newton's counting formula for equations up to and including the fifth degree was published by James Joseph Sylvester in 1864.