OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Visa policy of Senegal

Visitors to Senegal require a visa unless they come from one of the visa exempt countries. Visitors must hold passports that are valid for at least 6 months from the date of arrival.

## Visa exemption

Citizens of the following countries can visit Senegal without a visa for up to 90 days:
| Benin  Brazil  Burkina Faso  Canada  Cape Verde  Central African Republic  Chad  Congo  Côte d'Ivoire | Djibouti  Gambia  Ghana  Guinea  Guinea-Bissau  India  Japan  Liberia  Malaysia | Mali  Mauritania  Mauritius  Morocco  Niger  Nigeria  Rwanda  Sierra Leone  Singapore | South Korea  Switzerland  Togo  Tunisia  United Arab Emirates  United Kingdom  United States |
Date of visa changes :
Holders of passport for Public Affairs of China can visit Senegal without a visa for 30 days.
Holders of a Laissez-Passer issued by the United Nations traveling on duty and holders of a Laissez-Passer issued by the Economic Community of West African States do not require a visa for up to 90 days.
Holders of diplomatic passports issued to nationals of Turkey and holders of diplomatic and official / service passports issued to nationals of Algeria, China, Gabon, Libya, Russia, Serbia, Singapore, Tanzania and Uganda do not require a visa for up to 90 days.
In October 2019 Senegalese Minister of the Interior announced that Senegal would reintroduce visa requirements for all visitors except ECOWAS citizens by the end of 2019. In September 2024 a similar proposal to introduce reciprocal visa policy was proposed by the Minister of African Integration and Foreign Affairs.

## Visa on arrival

Nationals of the following countries are eligible for a visa upon arrival at Dakar Airport for a stay of up to 1 month and must hold a passport valid for at least 6 months from the date of arrival, round-trip air tickets and proof of accommodation.
| Andorra  Argentina  Armenia  Australia  Bahamas  Bahrain  Barbados  Brunei  China (excludes Hong Kong and Macao)  Costa Rica  Dominican Republic  El Salvador  Fiji | Grenada  Guatemala  Haiti  Honduras  Iceland  Israel  Jamaica  Kiribati  Kuwait  Liechtenstein  Marshall Islands  Micronesia  Monaco | Nepal  New Zealand  Norway  Oman  Palau  Palestine  Papua New Guinea  Philippines  Russia  Samoa  Saint Kitts and Nevis  Saint Lucia  Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | San Marino  Solomon Islands  Suriname  Thailand  Trinidad and Tobago  Turkey  Tuvalu  Ukraine  Vanuatu  Vatican City |
# Civet (band)

Civet is an American punk rock band from Long Beach, California, United States. They are signed to Hellcat Records and have recorded six releases, with the latest being Love & War (2011).

## History

The self-described "femme fatale punk rock" band made a breakthrough after signing with Hellcat Records and releasing their first album under this label with the title Hell Hath No Fury.
In an interview the lead singer Liza Graves said, that the name does not only represent the small cat-like animal of tropical Asia and Africa, civet, but was used after they heard it means flower in Slavic languages.
In a November 2008 interview, Liza Graves announced that the band had a new line up. The previous rhythm section, consisting of Jackie Daniels on bass and Bombshell Brenz (Brenna Red) on drums, had been replaced by Jacqui Valentine (bass) and Cat Scandal (drums) who was later replaced by Danni Harrowyn
There was no announcement when drummer Danni Harrowyn was replaced with Roxie Darling.
In November 2010, the band's rhythm section, Jacqui Valentine and Roxie Darling, quit the band during a tour opening for Nashville Pussy. The band finished the tour with friends filling in for the departing musicians. Roxie Darling posted a statement about the departure on her Facebook page.
In January 2011 the band announced via their Myspace page that their new album, Love & War, was to be released on 22 February 2011 with "L.A Nights" as the first single. The album was released on Hellcat.

## Influences and style

Their musical style is compared to The Distillers, Bikini Kill, the Runaways and Motörhead on rock’n’roll cocaine. Civet themselves have stated on numerous occasions, that their biggest influence and inspiration comes from The Runaways. They have toured with Social Distortion, The Mighty Mighty Bosstones, Street Dogs, Flogging Molly and Dropkick Murphys.

## Band members
### Current

* Ms. Liza Graves (guitar and vocals)
* Suzi Homewrecker (guitar and backing vocals)
* Christian Riersgard (drums)
* Jonny Grill (bass and backing vocals)

### Former

* Jackie Daniels (bass)
* Jacqui Valentine (bass)
* Siam Kamli (drums)
* Bombshell Brenz aka Brenna Red (drums)
* Cat Scandal (drums)
* Danni Harrowyn (drums)
* Roxie Darling (drums)

## Discography

| Year | Title | Label |
| 2000 | Beauty Kills EP | Princessmut |
| 2001 | Grace Land | Princessmut |
| 2003 | Civet | Callgirl |
| 2005 | Massacre | Disaster |
| 2008 | Hell Hath No Fury | Hellcat Records |
| 2011 | Love & War | Hellcat Records |

## Music Videos

* "Son of a Bitch" (2008)
* "You Get What You Pay For" (2011)
# NAB Radio Show

The NAB Radio Show is an annual trade show produced by the National Association of Broadcasters. It takes place in September.

## Show highlights
### 2008

The 2008 NAB Radio Show took place in Austin, TX from September 17–19. NAB President and CEO David Rehr delivered the state of the industry address, which was followed by a keynote address from New York Times Personal Technology Columnist David Pogue. Other keynote speakers included FCC Commissioner Jonathan Adelstein and FCC Chairman Kevin Martin.
# Rockford Area Schools (Minnesota)

Rockford School District is a school district located in Rockford, Minnesota. The district comprises three schools, Rockford Elementary Arts Magnet School, Rockford Middle School, and Rockford High School.
The district mascot is the Rockets.
# Krauts with Attitude

Krauts with Attitude was released in 1991 under the Bombastic label. The album was compiled by DJs Michael Reinboth and Katmando. It features 15 different acts; three rapped in German, eleven in English, and one in French. This release was the first compilation of German hip-hop, and essentially helped create a hip-hop scene in Germany.

## Background

The album was controversial for its language and disrespect towards authority. The title of the album refers to Niggaz with Attitude (N.W.A.), a hip-hop group from California, and the word "kraut," which is derogatory slang for German people. N.W.A. is widely considered a seminal gangsta rap group. Their lyrics are controversial, and Krauts with Attitude provided a German counterpart to the American rap scene. The Krauts record was influential to future German artists who wanted to make it in German hip-hop.
The album cover was designed in the colors of the nation’s flag (black, red, and gold), a move that was mimicked by the Turkish hip hop group Cartel. The group supported this underlying nationalism with the linernotes reading "Now is the time to oppose somehow the self confidence of the English and the American."
# Quartzy

Quartzy is an online lab management platform and scientific research supply marketplace. It is a startup company based in Hayward, California. Quartzy features include collaborative order requests and supply tracking for labs and research groups, inventory management tools, and product quotes for price comparisons. Quartzy is used by more than 200,000 scientists worldwide.

## History
### Founding (2011)

Quartzy was co-founded in 2011 by Jayant Kulkarni and Adam Regelmann, who met at Columbia University as PhD students. Kulkarni and Regelmann remain at Quartzy as CEO and COO, respectively.

### The Quartzy Shop (2018)

In early 2018, Quartzy officially launched its online marketplace known as the Quartzy Shop (formerly the Quartzy Catalog). To date, the marketplace provides access to over three million products and boasts a community of over 1,000 suppliers from across the life science industry. Currently, only Quartzy users based in the United States can purchase through the Quartzy Shop.
Following the launch of the Quartzy Shop in 2018, the company expanded operations to a nearby Redwood City warehouse. Calling this warehouse the Quartzy Fulfillment Center (or QFC), Quartzy has communicated plans to leverage this expansion, along with a future East Coast site, as sourcing centers for purchases made through its digital marketplace.

## Awards

In 2008, while still in beta, Quartzy received St. Louis' Washington University's Olin Cup, coming out on top of 44 other contestants which was the largest pool of competitors in the Olin Cup's twenty-two year history.
In 2011, Quartzy won Business Insider's Startup 2011 competition.

## Fundraising

Quartzy has raised nearly $25 million in total financing, including a Y Combinator-backed seed round, and subsequent Series A and Series B rounds.
# STATPHYS

STATPHYS or IUPAP International Conference on Statistical Physics is a series of conferences organized by the International Union of Pure and Applied Physics. The conferences take place every three years in a different continent to give the maximum international relevance and visibility to the event. It is the world event for the broad field of statistical physics and all its interdisciplinary developments. The first meeting was in Florence (Italy) from 17 to 20 May 1949. After a pioneering period the periodicity of three years was established and the conference has acquired more and more importance. The participation has reached peaks up to 1500 participants in the recent years. Also on the occasion of this conference the prestigious Boltzmann medal is awarded. In addition several satellite meetings are usually held along with the main event, adding to the scientific value of the meeting.
List of STATPHYS Conferences :
| Conference | Site | Date | Notes |
| STATPHYS1 | Florence, Italy | May 17–20, 1949 | |
| STATPHYS2 | Paris, France | 1952 | |
| STATPHYS3 | Brussels, Belgium | 1956 | |
| STATPHYS4 | Varenna, Italy | 1957 | |
| STATPHYS5 | Utrecht, Netherlands | 1960 | |
| STATPHYS6 | New York, United States | 1962 | |
| STATPHYS7 | Aachen, West Germany | 1964 | |
| STATPHYS8 | Copenhagen, Denmark | July 11–16, 1966 | |
| STATPHYS9 | Kyoto, Japan | September 9–14, 1968 | |
| STATPHYS10 | Chicago, United States | 1971 | |
| STATPHYS11 | Amsterdam, Netherlands | 1973 | |
| STATPHYS12 | Budapest, Hungary | August 25–29, 1975 | |
| STATPHYS13 | Haifa, Israel | August 24–30, 1977 | |
| STATPHYS14 | Edmonton, Canada | August 17–22, 1980 | |
| STATPHYS15 | Edinburgh, United Kingdom | 1983 | |
| STATPHYS16 | Boston, United States | August 11–15, 1986 | |
| STATPHYS17 | Rio de Janeiro, Brazil | July 31 – August 4, 1989 | |
| STATPHYS18 | Berlin, Germany | August 2–8, 1992 | |
| STATPHYS19 | Xiamen, China | July 31 – August 4, 1995 | |
| STATPHYS20 | Paris, France | July 20–24, 1998 | |
| STATPHYS21 | Cancun, Mexico | July 15–21, 2001 | |
| STATPHYS22 | Bengaluru, India | July 4–9, 2004 | |
| STATPHYS23 | Genoa, Italy | July 9–13, 2007 | |
| STATPHYS24 | Cairns, Australia | July 19–23, 2010 | |
| STATPHYS25 | Seoul, South Korea | July 22–26, 2013 | |
| STATPHYS26 | Lyon, France | July 18–22, 2016 | |
| STATPHYS27 | Buenos Aires, Argentina | July 8–12, 2019 | |
| STATPHYS28 | Tokyo, Japan | August 7–11, 2023 | Originally scheduled for 2022; postponed due to COVID-19 |
| STATPHYS29 | Florence, Italy | July 14–18, 2025 | Planned |
$^a$ Numbered retrospectively.
# Lake Iroquois (South Dakota)

Lake Iroquois is a lake in South Dakota, in the United States.
Lake Iroquois takes its name from the city of Iroquois, South Dakota.
# Piyanat Pohpar

Piyanat Pohpar (Thai: ปิยณัฐ โพธิ์ผา, born April 28, 1988) is a professional footballer from Thailand. He currently plays for Ayutthaya in the Thai Division 1 League.

## Honours
### Club
#### Ubon Ratchathani

* Thai Division 2 League Champions (1) : 2014
# G. Cullen Thomas

George Cullen Thomas (August 21, 1890 – January 11, 1973) was an American college football, college basketball, and college baseball player and coach. He served as the head baseball coach at Butler University in Indianapolis from 1910 to 1919. He was also Butler's head football coach from 1912 to 1918 and head basketball coach during the 1912–13 season. Thomas was a charter member of Butler's Athletics Hall of Fame. Thomas also participated in track and field at Butler.
Thomas died on January 11, 1973, at Eitel Hospital in Minneapolis, Minnesota.

## Head coaching record
### Football

| Year | Team | Overall |
| Butler Christians (Independent) (1912–1915) ||||||
| 1912 | Butler | 5–3 |
| 1913 | Butler | 2–4–1 |
| 1914 | Butler | 4–2 |
| 1915 | Butler | 1–6 |
| Butler Christians (Indiana College Athletic League) (1916–1917) ||||||
| 1916 | Butler | 3–5 |
| 1917 | Butler | 3–3 |
| Butler Christians (Independent) (1918) ||||||
| 1918 | Butler | 2–1–1 |
| Butler: | Butler: | 20–24–2 |
| Total: | Total: | 20–24–2 |
# Phyllonorycter cerasicolella

Phyllonorycter cerasicolella is a moth of the family Gracillariidae. It is known from all of Europe, except northern Scandinavia.
The wingspan is 7–8 mm. The posterior tarsi are whitish. Forewings are golden-orange; a white median streak from base to near middle; dorsum narrowly white towards base; four costal and three dorsal shining white anteriorly blackish-margined wedge-shaped spots; a black apical strigula, edged above with white. Hindwings are grey. The larva is pale yellow; head dark brown or black; plate of segment 2 orange-yellow.
It is very similar to Phyllonorycter spinicolella and study of the genitalia is essential for determination.
There are two to three generations per year in western Europe.
The larvae feed on Prunus cerasifera, Prunus mahaleb and sometimes Prunus spinosa, as well as various cultivated Prunus species. Mines may also occur on Malus species when grown in proximity of cultivated Prunus. They mine the leaves of their host plant.
# Avery County Schools

Avery County Schools is a PK–12 graded school district serving Avery County, North Carolina, USA. Its eight schools served 2,239 students in the 2010–2011 school year.

## History

Before the creation of Avery County in 1911, education was handled by Caldwell, Mitchell, and Watauga counties, from which Avery was formed.
The school district has grown to become the second largest employer in Avery County.

## Student demographics

For the 2010–2011 school year, Avery County Schools had a total population of 2,239 students and 165.50 teachers on a FTE basis. This produced a student-teacher ratio of 13.53:1. Of the student total, the sex ratio was 50% male to 50% female. The demographic group make-up was: White, 91%; Hispanic, 8%; Black, 0%; American Indian, 0%; and Asian/Pacific Islander, 0% (two or more races: 1%). For the same school year, 62.08% of the students received free and reduced-cost lunches.

## Governance

The primary governing body of Avery County Schools follows a council–manager government format with a five-member Board of Education appointing a Superintendent to run the day-to-day operations of the system. The school system is currently located in the North Carolina State Board of Education's Seventh District.

### Board of education

The five members of the Board of Education meet on the first Tuesday of each month. The current members of the Board are Pat Edwards (Chair), Linda Webb (Vice-Chair), Randy Singleton, Michelle Burnop and David Wright.
Prior to the current members were John Greene and Kathy Aldridge

### Superintendent

The position of superintendent is currently vacant. The previous superintendent, Dan Brigman, resigned the position on October 31, 2024 in the midst the school system navigating the operations of the school in the wake of Hurricane Helene.

## Member schools

Avery County Schools has eight schools ranging from pre-kindergarten to twelfth grade. They are one high school, two middle schools and five elementary schools.

### High schools

* Avery County High School (Newland)

### Middle schools

* Avery Middle School (Newland)
* Cranberry Middle School (Cranberry)

### Elementary schools

* Banner Elk Elementary School (Banner Elk)
* Crossnore Elementary School (Crossnore)
* Freedom Trail Elementary School (Elk Park)
* Newland Elementary School (Newland)
* Riverside Elementary School (Newland)
# Avoca School District 37

Avoca School District 37 is a school district in the Chicago metropolitan area. Its headquarters are in Marie Murphy School in Wilmette, which has middle school and preschool levels. It also operates Avoca West School, with elementary grades, in Glenview. In addition to portions of Glenview and Wilmette, it serves portions of Northfield, Winnetka, and some unincorporated areas with Winnetka postal addresses. It feeds into New Trier Township High School District 203. The name "Avoca", meaning "Fountain of Knowledge", is a Gaelic word.

## History

The district was established in 1870. It used a wood building until the construction of a brick one in 1923. The former wood building was moved and turned into residences located in Northfield.

## Schools

The current Murphy School building, named after former superintendent Marie J. Murphy (died 1999), opened in 1992. Prior to 1968 it was known as Avoca Junior High School, and was previously the Avoca School. Its previous 1923 structure, two stories, was made with brick. It was a two-room facility until it was expanded to four rooms in 1930.
Avoca West Elementary School in Glenview was constructed in 1959.
Avoca Center is located in the former Avoca East Elementary School in Wilmette, which was built in 1957. It received six additional classrooms in 1961.

## Services

As per the Wilmette Community Special Education Agreement (WCSEA), Avoca sends students with severe disabilities to Wilmette School District 39. The Avoca district used the Northern Suburban Special Education District (now known as TrueNorth Educational Cooperative 804) until 2008, when it switched to the Wilmette district to save money.
# Phyllonorycter messaniella

The European oak leaf-miner or Zeller's midget (Phyllonorycter messaniella) is a moth of the family Gracillariidae. It is found in Europe south of the line running from Ireland, through Great Britain, Denmark to Ukraine. It is also found in Macaronesia. It is an introduced species in New Zealand and Australia.
The wingspan is 7–9 mm. The forewings are light golden ochreous; a whitish dark-margined median streak from base almost to middle; four costal and three dorsal shining white wedge-shaped spots, dark-margined anteriorly and first pair except towards origin posteriorly, first dorsal very long, reaching opposite apex of second costal; a black apical dot. Hindwings are grey. The larva is yellow, paler anteriorly; dorsal line dark green; head brownish.
Adults are on wing from April to November in a number of generations.
The larvae feed on Carpinus betulus, Castanea sativa, Fagus sylvatica, Prunus, Quercus ilex, Quercus petraea, Quercus robur, Quercus suber, Quercus x turneri and Tilia species.
# Phyllonorycter spinicolella

Phyllonorycter spinicolella, also known as the sloe midget, is a moth of the family Gracillariidae, first described by the German entomologist Philipp Christoph Zeller in 1846. It is probably present in all of Europe.
The wingspan is 6–8 mm. The posterior tarsi are whitish. Forewings are golden-ochreous; a white median streak from base to near middle, dark-margined above; dorsum narrowly white towards base; four costal and three dorsal shining white anteriorly dark-margined wedge-shaped spots, first dorsal sometimes connected with basal streak; a blackish elongate apical dot. Hindwings are light grey. The larva is green- whitish; dorsal line dark green; head pale greenish.
It is very similar to Phyllonorycter cerasicolella and study of the genitalia is essential for determination.
Adults are on wing in May and again in August in two generations per year.
The larvae feed on cherry plum (Prunus cerasifera), European plum (Prunus domestica), bird cherry (Prunus padus) and blackthorn (Prunus spinosa). They mine the leaves of their host plant.
# Stephensia brunnichella

Stephensia brunnichella is a moth of the family Elachistidae found in Europe and east into the Palearctic.

## Description

The wingspan is 8–9 mm. The head is dark bronzy. Antennae with white subapical band. Forewings are dark bronzyfuscous; a subbasal fascia, another before middle, an erect tornal spot, and a costal spot before apex pale golden-metallic. Hindwings are dark grey. The larva is green-whitish; dorsal line dark green; head and plate of 2 blackish.

## Biology

The larvae feed on lesser calamint (Calamintha nepeta), wild basil (Clinopodium vulgare) and Satureja calamintha mining the leaves of their host plant. The larvae have a greenish body with a black head. They can be found from autumn to April and again in July.

## Distribution

It is widespread throughout Europe. In the north, the distribution extends up to southern Sweden and Finland and in the east it ranges as far as Asia Minor and the Crimea.
# Bangor School Department

Bangor School Department is the school district of Bangor, Maine.

## History

Betsy Webb served as superintendent until 2020. She left in October of that year. In November 2020 Kathy Harris-Smedberg began her term as a superintendent on an interim basis. On July 1, 2021, James Tager became the permanent superintendent.
In June 2022 the district sought to have the University of Maine go through the district's operations so the university can offer ideas on how to make the school district more inclusive of different backgrounds of students.

## Schools

They include:

### High school (9-12)

* Bangor High School - The sole public high school

### Middle schools (6-8)

* James F. Doughty School
* William S. Cohen School

### Grade 4-5 schools

* Fairmount School
* Mary Snow School

### Grade K-3 schools

* Fourteenth Street School
* Downeast School
* Fruit Street School
* Abraham Lincoln School
* Vine Street School
# Dobrzany, Lower Silesian Voivodeship

Dobrzany is a former settlement in Gmina Wądroże Wielkie, Jawor County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland.
From 1975 to 1998 the village was in Legnica Voivodeship.
* This Jawor County location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Ormen (Greenland)

Ormen is a fjord in Peary Land, northern Greenland. Administratively, the fjord belongs to the Northeast Greenland National Park.

## Geography

The fjord is located in the eastern part of Hans Egede Land. It opens to the northeast in the middle stretch of the northwestern shore of G.B. Schley Fjord.
An unnamed river discharges its waters at the head of the fjord. The area is uninhabited.
# Vibroacoustic disease

Vibroacoustic disease is a medical condition manifested in those who have had long-term exposure (≥ 10 yr) to large pressure amplitude (≥ 90 dB SPL) and low frequency noise (≤ 500 Hz). The disease could lead to heart arrhythmia or even death.

## Vibroacoustic disease and sonic booms

During protests over the closure of the Roosevelt Roads Naval Base in Puerto Rico, it was asserted that the noise created by the Navy's testing had negatively affected the health of civilians living on Vieques. In a study conducted for Puerto Rican Governor Calderon, 48 of the 50 Vieques residents tested were diagnosed as suffering from a thickening of heart tissue caused by exposure to sonic booms. Simultaneously, the Ponce School of Medicine conducted an independent study and found other data to confirm the presence of vibroacoustic disease: 79% of Viequenses fishermen have thickened heart tissue, which is the main symptom of vibroacoustic disease. The federal Agency for Toxic Substances & Disease Registry reviewed Ponce School of Medicine study and concluded in 2001 that the Vieques heart study failed to provide any "clinically significant" evidence of heart disease.