# 1997 SEA Games

The 1997 Southeast Asian Games (Indonesian: Pesta Olahraga Asia Tenggara 1997), officially known as the 19th Southeast Asian Games (Indonesian: Pesta Olahraga Asia Tenggara ke-19; the 19th SEA Games), was a Southeast Asian multi-sport event held in Jakarta, Indonesia. This was the third time that Indonesia hosted the games. Jakarta also hosted the SEA Games in 1979 and 1987.
Around 4,696 athletes from 10 participating nations participated at the games, which featured 440 events in 34 sports. The games was held from 11 to 19 October 1997, although several events had commenced from 5 October 1997. The games was opened by Soeharto, the President of Indonesia at the Gelora Bung Karno Stadium, which was then known at the time as Senayan Sports Stadium.
The final medal tally was led by hosts Indonesia, followed by Thailand and Malaysia. Several Games and National Records were broken during the games. The games were deemed generally successful with the rising standard of competition amongst the Southeast Asian nations.

## Development and preparation

The Organising Committee Of The 19th SEA Games Jakarta 1997 (JASOC) led by President Wismoyo Arismunandar was formed to oversee the staging of the games.

### Venues

The 1997 Southeast Asian Games used a mix of new, existing and temporary venues. Some major retrofitting work were done in most venues, although they had been used to host major multi-disciplinary events such as the 1962 Asian Games, the 1979 Southeast Asian Games and the 1987 Southeast Asian Games.
At the centrepiece of the activities was the Gelora Bung Karno Sports Complex, then Senayan Sports Complex which was completed on 24 July 1962. Incorporating the 120,800-seat national stadium at that time, it hosted most of the events.
A games village was not built. Instead, a "village in the city" concept saw athletes and officials housed in were housed in hotels in Jakarta and West Java. Besides being physically near to the sport venues, it was hoped that it will add vibe to both provinces and reduce post-games costs in converting a dedicated games village to other uses.
There were 35 venues for the games, 29 in Jakarta and 6 in West Java.
| Province | Competition Venue | Sports |
| Jakarta | Senayan Sports Complex | Senayan Sports Complex |
| Jakarta | Main Stadium | Athletics, Football (Men: group and knockout stage), Opening and closing ceremony |
| Jakarta | Archery Field | Archery |
| Jakarta | Aquatics Centre | Aquatics (Swimming, Synchronised Swimming, Diving, Water polo) |
| Jakarta | Badminton Hall | Badminton (Knockout stage) |
| Jakarta | Basketball Hall | Basketball (Knockout stage) |
| Jakarta | Istora | Badminton (Final), Basketball (Final), Volleyball (Indoor) |
| Jakarta | Tennis Indoor Stadium | Bodybuilding, Weightlifting |
| Jakarta | Gymnasium A | Fencing |
| Jakarta | Gymnasium B | Judo |
| Jakarta | Gymnasium C | Wrestling |
| Jakarta | Shooting Range | Shooting |
| Jakarta | Softball Field | Softball |
| Jakarta | Squash Hall | Squash |
| Jakarta | Tennis Court | Tennis |
| Jakarta | Volleyball Court | Volleyball (Beach) |
| Others ||
| Jakarta | Jakarta International Expo | Billiards and snooker, Wushu |
| Jakarta | Jakarta–Cikampek Toll Road | Cycling (Road) |
| Jakarta | Rawamangun Velodrome | Cycling (Track) |
| Jakarta | Lebak Bulus Stadium | Football (Men: Group stage) |
| Jakarta | Matoa Nasional Golf Course, Ciganjur | Golf |
| Jakarta | Gymnastics Hall DKI, Jalan Radin Inten | Gymnastics |
| Jakarta | North Jakarta Sports Hall, Jalan Yos Sudarso | Karate |
| Jakarta | Padepokan Pencak Silat Indonesia | Pencak silat |
| Jakarta | East Jakarta Sprts Hall | Sepak takraw |
| Jakarta | Pertamina Sports Hall, Simprug | Table tennis |
| Jakarta | Bulungan Sports Hall | Taekwondo |
| Jakarta | Pluit Bowling Centre Mega Mall, Pluit | Bowling |
| Jakarta | Sunter Lake, North Jakarta | Water Skiing |
| Jakarta | Ancol Dreamland | Sailing |
| West Java |
| West Java | Pajajaran Stadium | Football (Women) |
| West Java | Cilodong | Shooting |
| West Java | Rangga Wulung Hill, Subang | Cycling (Mountain Bike) |
| West Java | Student Sport Hall, Kuningan | Boxing |
| West Java | Jatiluhur Dam | Canoeing, Rowing, Traditional boat race |
| West Java | Subang-Tangkuban Perahu | Cycling (Road) |

## Marketing
### Logo

The official logo for the 1997 Games is an interpretation of three flames, and two torch rings, which reflects the Indonesian state philosophy of the Pancasila. The upward flames represent the aspiration of the participating nations to achieve the highest standards at the Jakarta SEA Games.
The colours of red, blue, and yellow are the basic colours of the flame. The color red represents the "spirit" of the Games, while the blue represents the "dynamism" of the Games, and the yellow represents the "hope" the Games brings to the athletes and people of Southeast Asia. The six-ring chain symbol, the emblem of the Southeast Asian Games Federation, symbolizes the Games' six founding nations and the SEA Games itself, and its gold colour represents the quality and solidarity of the Games.
The logo is the last one to feature the organization's 6-ring emblem, just before it was replaced by its new 10-ring symbol (reflecting the present number of its member nations at the time), which was then introduced at the next edition in 1999.

### Mascot

The mascot of the 1997 Southeast Asian Games is a Ramayana epic character named "Hanuman". The Ramayana, known in Java, Indonesia as Kakawin Ramayana, is an Indian epic, which spread into Southeast Asia including the Indonesian archipelago during the ancient times. It does not only exists in oral and literary works, but also serves as the underlying theme for art performances and as the inspiration for other works, such as sculptures, paintings and literature. According to the Ramayana epic, he is an ardent devotee of Rama who fighting alongside him in the face of conflict and struggle and is always successful in accomplishing his tasks due to his superiority in speed, strength and altitude. The tasks managed by Hanuman in the epic includes: travel to Alengka (Lanka) and back in a day, fought in several battles and able to fly in the clouds when performing duties. Hanuman exist in the form of a white monkey in the Javanese adaptation of the epic and is one of the characters featured in the Wayang Shadow Puppet Show, known to the locals with the title Sang Kera Pemuja Dewa Rama (The mighty devotee ape of Rama). The adoption of Hanuman as the games mascot is to promote the games motto: "May the best man win", a phrase used before a competition to hope that the most deserving person wins. The cotton white colour of his body hair, a colour which symbolises sincerity and innocence, while the gold and black colour represents his attribute as a Wayang character. His cotton white colour represents sportsmanship spirit, while the yellow and black colour represents quality.

### Sponsors

A total of 31 sponsors sponsored the games.

## The games
### Opening ceremony

The opening ceremony was held at the Senayan Sports Stadium on 11 October 1997 at 19:00 (WIB). It features the cultural dance show "Gebyar Nusantara"

### Closing ceremony

The closing ceremony was held at the Senayan Sports Stadium on 19 October 1997 at 19:00 (WIB).

### Participating nations

* Brunei (296 athletes)
* Cambodia (85)
* Indonesia (916) (Host)
* Laos (104)
* Malaysia (671)
* Myanmar (294)
* Philippines (782)
* Singapore (446)
* Thailand (705)
* Vietnam (397)

### Sports

* Aquatics
** Diving (4) (details)
** Swimming (32) (details)
** Synchronised swimming (2) (details)
** Water polo (1) (details)
* Archery (4) (details)
* Athletics (44) (details)
* Badminton (7) (details)
* Basketball (2) (details)
* Billiards and snooker (12) (details)
* Bodybuilding (8) (details)
* Bowling (12) (details)
* Boxing (11) (details)
* Canoeing (12) (details)
* Cycling (16) (details)
* Fencing (10) (details)
* Football (2) (details)
* Golf (4) (details)
* Gymnastics (16) (details)
* Hockey (2) (details)
* Judo (16) (details)
* Karate (19) (details)
* Pencak silat (20) (details)
* Rowing (11) (details)
* Sailing (15) (details)
* Sepak takraw (4) (details)
* Shooting (42) (details)
* Softball (2) (details)
* Squash (4) (details)
* Table tennis (7) (details)
* Taekwondo (16) (details)
* Tennis (7) (details)
* Traditional boat race (8) (details)
* Volleyball (4) (details)
* Waterskiing (6) (details)
* Weightlifting (19) (details)
* Wrestling (20) (details)
* Wushu (19) (details)

## Medal table

* Host nation (Indonesia)
| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| 1 | Indonesia (INA)* | 194 | 101 | 115 | 410 |
| 2 | Thailand (THA) | 83 | 97 | 78 | 258 |
| 3 | Malaysia (MAS) | 55 | 68 | 75 | 198 |
| 4 | Philippines (PHI) | 43 | 56 | 108 | 207 |
| 5 | Vietnam (VIE) | 35 | 48 | 50 | 133 |
| 6 | Singapore (SIN) | 30 | 26 | 50 | 106 |
| 7 | Myanmar (MYA) | 8 | 34 | 44 | 86 |
| 8 | Brunei (BRU) | 0 | 2 | 8 | 10 |
| 9 | Laos (LAO) | 0 | 0 | 7 | 7 |
| 10 | Cambodia (CAM) | 0 | 0 | 6 | 6 |
| Totals (10 entries) | Totals (10 entries) | 448 | 432 | 541 | 1,421 |