# 1990 Andalusian regional election

The 1990 Andalusian regional election was held on Saturday, 23 June 1990, to elect the 3rd Parliament of the autonomous community of Andalusia. All 109 seats in the Parliament were up for election.
The candidate for the PSOE, Manuel Chaves, was invested as President of the Regional Government of Andalusia for the first time, after winning the election with an absolute majority of seats. He would remain in the presidency of this autonomous community for the longest period of time than any of his predecessors, not stepping down from office until 2009.

## Overview
### Electoral system

The Parliament of Andalusia was the devolved, unicameral legislature of the autonomous community of Andalusia, having legislative power in regional matters as defined by the Spanish Constitution and the Andalusian Statute of Autonomy, as well as the ability to vote confidence in or withdraw it from a regional president. Voting for the Parliament was on the basis of universal suffrage, which comprised all nationals over 18 years of age, registered in Andalusia and in full enjoyment of their political rights.
The 109 members of the Parliament of Andalusia were elected using the D'Hondt method and a closed list proportional representation, with an electoral threshold of three percent of valid votes—which included blank ballots—being applied in each constituency. Seats were allocated to constituencies, corresponding to the provinces of Almería, Cádiz, Córdoba, Granada, Huelva, Jaén, Málaga and Seville, with each being allocated an initial minimum of eight seats and the remaining 45 being distributed in proportion to their populations (provided that the number of seats in each province did not exceed two times that of any other).
As a result of the aforementioned allocation, each Parliament constituency was entitled the following seats:
| Seats | Constituencies |
| 18 | Seville |
| 16 | Málaga$^{(+1)}$ |
| 15 | Cádiz |
| 13 | Córdoba, Granada |
| 12 | Jaén$^{(–1)}$ |
| 11 | Almería, Huelva, |
In smaller constituencies, the use of the electoral method resulted in an effective threshold based on the district magnitude and the distribution of votes among candidacies.

### Election date

The term of the Parliament of Andalusia expired four years after the date of its previous election. Election day was to take place between the thirtieth and the sixtieth day from the date of expiry of parliament barring any date within from 1 July to 31 August. The previous election was held on 22 June 1986, which meant that the legislature's term would have expired on 22 June 1990. The election was required to take place no later than the sixtieth day from the date of expiry of parliament on the condition that it was not held between 1 July and 31 August, setting the latest possible election date for the Parliament on Saturday, 30 June 1990.
The Parliament of Andalusia could not be dissolved before the date of expiry of parliament. In the event of an investiture process failing to elect a regional president within a two-month period from the first ballot, the candidate from the party with the highest number of seats was to be deemed automatically elected.

## Parliamentary composition

The Parliament of Andalusia was officially dissolved on 30 April 1990, after the publication of the dissolution decree in the Official Gazette of the Regional Government of Andalusia. The table below shows the composition of the parliamentary groups in the Parliament at the time of dissolution.
Parliamentary composition in April 1990 :
| Parliamentary groups | Parliamentary groups | Parties | Parties | Legislators | Legislators |
| Parliamentary groups | Parliamentary groups | Parties | Parties | Seats | Total |
| | Socialist | | PSOE–A | 60 | 60 |
| | People's of Andalusia | | PP | 19 | 19 |
| | United Left–Assembly for Andalusia | | PCA–PCE | 13 | 17 |
| | United Left–Assembly for Andalusia | | FP | 2 | 17 |
| | United Left–Assembly for Andalusia | | INDEP | 1 | 17 |
| | United Left–Assembly for Andalusia | | PASOC | 1 | 17 |
| | Mixed. Andalusian Parliamentary Grouping | | PA | 2 | 2 |
| | Mixed | | INDEP | 9 | 11 |
| | Mixed | | PCPA | 1 | 11 |
| | Mixed | | BOCA | 1 | 11 |

## Parties and candidates

The electoral law allowed for parties and federations registered in the interior ministry, coalitions and groupings of electors to present lists of candidates. Parties and federations intending to form a coalition ahead of an election were required to inform the relevant Electoral Commission within ten days of the election call, whereas groupings of electors needed to secure the signature of at least one percent of the electorate in the constituencies for which they sought election, disallowing electors from signing for more than one list of candidates.
Below is a list of the main parties and electoral alliances which contested the election:
| Candidacy | Candidacy | Parties and alliances | Leading candidate | Leading candidate | Ideology | Previous result | Previous result | Gov. | Ref. |
| Candidacy | Candidacy | Parties and alliances | Leading candidate | Leading candidate | Ideology | Votes (%) | Seats | Gov. | Ref. |
| | PSOE–A | List Spanish Socialist Workers' Party of Andalusia (PSOE–A) | | Manuel Chaves | Social democracy | 47.04% | 60 | Y | |
| | PP | List People's Party (PP) | | Gabino Puche | Conservatism Christian democracy | 22.17% | 28 | N | |
| | IU–CA | List Communist Party of Andalusia (PCA–PCE) Socialist Action Party (PASOC) Republican Left (IR) United Candidacy of Workers (CUT) | | Luis Carlos Rejón | Socialism Communism | 17.81% | 19 | N | |
| | PA | List Andalusian Party (PA) | | Pedro Pacheco | Andalusian nationalism Social democracy | 5.86% | 2 | N | |

## Opinion polls

The table below lists voting intention estimates in reverse chronological order, showing the most recent first and using the dates when the survey fieldwork was done, as opposed to the date of publication. Where the fieldwork dates are unknown, the date of publication is given instead. The highest percentage figure in each polling survey is displayed with its background shaded in the leading party's colour. If a tie ensues, this is applied to the figures with the highest percentages. The "Lead" column on the right shows the percentage-point difference between the parties with the highest percentages in a poll. When available, seat projections determined by the polling organisations are displayed below (or in place of) the percentages in a smaller font; 55 seats were required for an absolute majority in the Parliament of Andalusia.
| Polling firm/Commissioner | Fieldwork date | Sample size | Turnout | | | | | | | ARM | Lead |
| 1990 regional election | 23 Jun 1990 | — | 55.3 | 49.6 62 | | 12.7 11 | 10.8 10 | 1.2 0 | 22.2 26 | 0.6 0 | 27.4 |
| Sigma Dos/El Mundo | 17 Jun 1990 | ? | ? | 47.5 58 | | – | – | – | 21.5 26 | – | 26.0 |
| Opina/La Vanguardia | 11–13 Jun 1990 | 2,504 | 60–65 | 44.6 54/58 | | 13.6 13 | 16.8 17/19 | 1.9 0 | 20.0 19/24 | – | 24.6 |
| Gruppo/ABC | 11–13 Jun 1990 | 3,200 | ? | 46.8 58/60 | | 14.6 14/16 | 10.2 8/11 | 2.7 0 | 22.2 24/27 | – | 24.6 |
| Demoscopia/El País | 7–12 Jun 1990 | 3,200 | 69 | 46.3 58/61 | | 12.7 12/14 | 12.3 9/10 | – | 21.6 27 | – | 24.7 |
| GGC Research/Rato | 6–8 Jun 1990 | 3,150 | ? | 46.8 57/63 | | 14.3 13/15 | 10.3 8/10 | – | 21.3 25/27 | – | 25.5 |
| Gruppo/ABC | 25–28 May 1990 | 1,000 | ? | 46.6 59/61 | | 14.2 14/15 | 10.1 8/9 | 2.8 0 | 22.0 26/28 | – | 24.6 |
| Demoscopia/El País | 23–27 May 1990 | 3,200 | ? | 46.8 58/60 | | ? 14/15 | ? 9/11 | – | ? 26/27 | – | ? |
| Opina/La Vanguardia | 3–5 May 1990 | ? | ? | 42.7 | | 13.1 | 15.6 | 2.3 | 22.3 | – | 20.4 |
| Sociología Andaluza/PCA | 25 Apr 1990 | 2,000 | ? | 45.7 | | 14.4 | 12.8 | – | 20.8 | – | 24.9 |
| CIS | 8 Apr 1990 | ? | ? | ? 54/56 | | ? 15 | ? 10 | ? 0 | ? 24 | – | ? |
| Sociología Andaluza/PCA | 25 Feb 1990 | 2,500 | ? | 47.9 | | 14.1 | 12.1 | – | 17.9 | – | 30.0 |
| Insight/PP | 5–19 Feb 1990 | 3,894 | ? | ? 53/57 | | ? 19 | ? 8/10 | – | ? 27/30 | – | ? |
| 1989 general election | 29 Oct 1989 | — | 69.3 | 52.5 (67) | | 12.0 (12) | 6.2 (3) | 4.7 (2) | 20.2 (25) | 1.5 (0) | 32.3 |
| 1989 EP election | 15 Jun 1989 | — | 52.8 | 50.3 (70) | | 9.0 (8) | 10.4 (9) | 4.1 (1) | 16.1 (20) | 4.1 (1) | 34.2 |
| PCA | 1–11 Feb 1989 | 816 | ? | 38.4 44/46 | | 18.8 20/21 | ? 10 | – | ? 25/28 | – | ? |
| Metra Seis/PA | 15 Jan 1988 | ? | ? | ? 46 | ? 20/21 | ? 16 | ? 19/20 | ? 7 | – | – | ? |
| 1987 EP election | 10 Jun 1987 | — | 65.8 | 48.3 (63) | 21.3 (27) | 10.8 (10) | 5.6 (3) | 7.2 (6) | – | – | 27.0 |
| 1987 local elections | 10 Jun 1987 | — | 66.7 | 43.7 | 19.7 | 14.3 | 7.1 | 7.0 | – | – | 24.0 |
| 1986 regional election | 22 Jun 1986 | — | 70.7 | 47.0 60 | 22.2* 28 | 17.8 19 | 5.9 2 | 3.3 0 | – | – | 24.8 |
| (*) Results for People's Coalition. ||||||||||||

## Results
### Overall

← Summary of the 23 June 1990 Parliament of Andalusia election results → :
| Parties and alliances | Parties and alliances | Popular vote | Popular vote | Popular vote | Seats | Seats |
| Parties and alliances | Parties and alliances | Votes | % | ±pp | Total | +/− |
| | Spanish Socialist Workers' Party of Andalusia (PSOE–A) | 1,368,576 | 49.60 | +2.56 | 62 | +2 |
| | People's Party (PP)$^1$ | 611,903 | 22.18 | +0.01 | 26 | –2 |
| | United Left–Assembly for Andalusia (IU–CA) | 349,659 | 12.67 | –5.14 | 11 | –8 |
| | Andalusian Party (PA) | 296,613 | 10.75 | +4.89 | 10 | +8 |
| | Democratic and Social Centre (CDS) | 32,654 | 1.18 | –2.08 | 0 | ±0 |
| | Ruiz-Mateos Group (ARM) | 15,637 | 0.57 | New | 0 | ±0 |
| | Workers' Party of Spain–Communist Unity (PTE–UC)$^2$ | 14,813 | 0.54 | –0.97 | 0 | ±0 |
| | Socialist Democracy (DS) | 14,499 | 0.53 | New | 0 | ±0 |
| | Greens of Andalusia (VA) | 13,979 | 0.51 | New | 0 | ±0 |
| | The Ecologist Greens (LVE) | 12,651 | 0.46 | New | 0 | ±0 |
| | Communist Party of the Andalusian People (PCPA) | 6,300 | 0.23 | New | 0 | ±0 |
| | Communist Party of Spain (Marxist–Leninist) (PCE (m–l)) | 2,401 | 0.09 | New | 0 | ±0 |
| | Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE–JONS) | 2,312 | 0.08 | New | 0 | ±0 |
| | Humanist Party (PH) | 1,869 | 0.07 | –0.14 | 0 | ±0 |
| | Andalusian Front of Liberation (FAL) | 1,633 | 0.06 | New | 0 | ±0 |
| | Alliance for the Republic (AxR) | 698 | 0.03 | New | 0 | ±0 |
| | Falangist Movement of Spain (MFE) | 560 | 0.02 | ±0.00 | 0 | ±0 |
| | Andalusian Centrist Unity (UCA) | 230 | 0.01 | New | 0 | ±0 |
| Blank ballots | Blank ballots | 12,024 | 0.44 | +0.07 | | |
| Total | Total | 2,759,011 | | | 109 | ±0 |
| Valid votes | Valid votes | 2,759,011 | 99.56 | +1.05 | | |
| Invalid votes | Invalid votes | 12,319 | 0.44 | –1.05 | | |
| Votes cast / turnout | Votes cast / turnout | 2,771,330 | 55.34 | –15.37 | | |
| Abstentions | Abstentions | 2,236,345 | 44.66 | +15.37 | | |
| Registered voters | Registered voters | 5,007,675 | | | | |
| Sources |||||||
| Footnotes: $^1$ People's Party results are compared to People's Coalition totals in the 1986 election.$^2$ Workers' Party of Spain–Communist Unity results are compared to Communists' Unity Board totals in the 1986 election. |||||||
Popular vote
PSOE–A
49.60%
PP
22.18%
IU–CA
12.67%
PA
10.75%
CDS
1.18%
Others
3.17%
Blank ballots
0.44% :
Seats
PSOE–A
56.88%
PP
23.85%
IU–CA
10.09%
PA
9.17% :

### Distribution by constituency

| Constituency | PSOE–A | PSOE–A | PP | PP | IU–CA | IU–CA | PA | PA |
| Constituency | % | S | % | S | % | S | % | S |
| Almería | 50.0 | 7 | 28.5 | 3 | 9.0 | 1 | 6.6 | − |
| Cádiz | 46.6 | 8 | 15.5 | 2 | 10.0 | 1 | 21.6 | 4 |
| Córdoba | 47.3 | 7 | 20.7 | 3 | 18.8 | 2 | 9.3 | 1 |
| Granada | 48.9 | 7 | 27.9 | 4 | 11.8 | 1 | 6.2 | 1 |
| Huelva | 55.8 | 7 | 22.2 | 2 | 9.3 | 1 | 8.2 | 1 |
| Jaén | 51.8 | 7 | 27.2 | 4 | 11.5 | 1 | 5.6 | − |
| Málaga | 49.3 | 9 | 22.0 | 4 | 14.6 | 2 | 8.8 | 1 |
| Seville | 50.4 | 10 | 19.5 | 4 | 12.5 | 2 | 13.6 | 2 |
| Total | 49.6 | 62 | 22.2 | 26 | 12.7 | 11 | 10.7 | 10 |
| Sources |||||||||

## Aftermath

Investiture Manuel Chaves (PSOE–A) :
| Ballot → | Ballot → | 24 July 1990 |
| Required majority → | Required majority → | 55 out of 109 Y |
| | Yes • PSOE–A (62) | 62 / 109 |
| | No • PP (26) • IU–CA (11) • PA (10) | 47 / 109 |
| | Abstentions | 0 / 109 |
| | Absentees | 0 / 109 |
| Sources |||