# Ronald Cardema

Ronald Gian Carlo Lapitan Cardema (born April 12, 1985) is a Filipino government official and political activist who serves as the chairman of the National Youth Commission (NYC) of the Philippines.

## Early life and education

Cardema was born on April 12, 1985. He actively participated in extra-curriculars as a student. In elementary school, he was a leader in the Boy Scouts of the Philippines while in secondary school he was high school corps commander under the Maquiling School’s Citizen Army Training. In 2008, Carderma was also corps commander of the Reserve Officers’ Training Corps while he attends the University of the Philippines-Diliman. He also became UP Los Banos’ ROTC class president in the unit.
Cardema was among the cadets of the Philippine Military Academy but was dismissed for allegedly communicating with Communist Party of the Philippines (CPP) founding chairman Jose Maria Sison. According to Sison, Cardema was removed from the academy after he called for justice for the death of his uncle under a military death squad.
As of 2019, Cardema did not graduate from a college or university.

## Career

Cardema is known for his ardent support of President Rodrigo Duterte. He founded the Duterte Youth in 2016 to support the Duterte's presidential campaign.

### First National Youth Commission stint

Cardema was appointed as chairman of the National Youth Commission by President Rodrigo Duterte on August 23, 2018. He resigned in May 2019 to vie for a seat in the House of Representatives.

### 2019 Duterte Youth seat bid
#### Substitution

In 2019, the Duterte Youth itself vied for party-list representation in the House of Representatives. It won a seat in the 2019 elections. Their five official nominees were as follows from 1st to 5th: (Ducielle Marie Suarez, Joseph de Guzman, Benilda de Guzman, Arnaldo Villafranca, and Elizabeth Anne Cardema). However, all five nominees withdrew and Ronald Cardema hemslef who was also National Youth Commission chairman at the time filed a substitution in a bid to fill in the seat himself. In relation to Cardema's bid, factors whether he filed substitution in time before polls closed on May 13 and whether he is qualified to represent the Duterte Youth in the House of Representatives were put into dispute.
Six of the seven members of the Comelec decided to give "due course" or deliberate further on Cardema's bid and four others accepted the withdrawal of Duterte Youth's five initial nominees. Only Election Commissioner Rowena Guanzon expressed dissent who argued that the three original nominees of ages 31 to 36, and also Cardema who is 34 years old, are not eligible to represent the party-list as a representative of the youth sector as per Section 9 of the Republic Act No. 7941 given that nominees should be aged 25 to 30 on election day. The commissioner also views the filing of the withdrawal of the original nominees at 5:30pm on May 12, 2019, a Sunday, as invalid since its contrary to Resolution No. 8665 which states that filing should be done on a regular working day during office hours. Cardema defended his eligibility insisting that the party while it represents the youth, also represents professionals in general as well.
Cardema's bid was criticized by Senator Panfilo Lacson who said that the Duterte Youth partylist and its leader "are one of the many reasons" that the party-list representation system has become a "joke".

#### Disqualification

On August 5, 2019, the first division of the Commission on Elections (Philippines) (COMELEC) canceled his nomination as the party-list representative of Duterte Youth by a vote of 2–0. The decision was concurred by commissioners Rowena Guanzon and Marlon Casquejo, while Commissioner Al Parreño was away on official businesses. The cancellation stemmed from Cardema's claim that he was eligible for nomination on his Certificate of Acceptance and Nomination, which the COMELEC deemed "material misrepresentation" because of the 25- to 30-year-old age requirement as set out by the Party List Law. A certificate of the proclamation will not be issued to Cardema and he shall not be able to seat in the House of Representatives of the Philippines. The COMELEC also disagreed with Cardema's claim that the organization represented professionals, stating, "“Records would show that the Respondent started to highlight the professionals only after the filing of a petition against him questioning his eligibility to represent the youth sector. Pursuing such afterthought would not be enough to comply with the express mandate of Party-list law which requires changes in affiliation should be done at least six months before the election to be eligible for nomination.”
On February 12, 2020, the COMELEC in a ruling ruled with finality the disqualification of Ronald Cardema's nomination of the party-list group, Duterte Youth. The ruling that junks the motion for reconsideration (MR) filed by Cardema, noted that Cardema's own filling of his withdrawal as the first nominee being ineligible to sit as a youth sector representative tantamounts to "acceptance of the ruling".
On October 13, 2020, the COMELEC granted Duterte Youth partylist nominee, Ducielle Marie Suárez, who is also Cardema's wife, a certificate of proclamation.

### Second National Youth Commission stint

Cardema returned to National Youth Commission when he was appointed as commissioner by President Duterte in August 2020 after his failed bid to fill Duterte Youth's seat. He was appointed as NYC chairman once again on January 17, 2022, succeeding Ryan Enriquez.
In September 2022, Congress Representative Raoul Manuel called on Cardema to resign as National Youth Commission chair over allegations of corruption and misappropriation of funds at the commission.

## Political positions
### General stance against Communists and other leftists

In the early part of Duterte's presidency in 2016 when the leader was still friendly with Communist rebels and had leftist appointees to his Cabinet, Cardema reached out to the Communist Party of the Philippines for possible project cooperation with the Duterte Youth, including the creation of a paramilitary group. However he later became anti-communist and "losing faith with the CPP" after the Pandi housing project occupation and continued rebel offensives despite government peace negotiations.
Antonio Parlade Jr. of the National Task Force to End Local Communist Armed Conflict (NTF-ELCAC) considers Cardema as a credible critic of the Makabayan bloc of the House of Representatives.
Cardema in 2019 advocated the revocation of government scholarships for students that have links to the Communist Party of the Philippines, New People's Army, and the National Democratic Front.

### Mandatory military service

Cardema is an advocate of reviving the Reserve Officers' Training Corps (ROTC) program as a mandatory military service for Filipino college students. He believes that the program promotes "nationalism, discipline, and preparedness among young Filipinos that can easily be tapped by the government to help the country in times of need". He likewise advocates for Citizens Army Training (CAT) for high schoolers and scouting for elementary schoolers.

## Personal life

Cardema is married to Ducielle Suarez.