# Interstate Rugby League in Australia (1908–1981)

The Interstate Rugby League Series refers to Australian Rugby league matches played between the New South Wales rugby league team, colloquially known as the 'Blues', and the Queensland rugby league team, known as the 'Maroons', between 1908 and 1981. The Interstate Series concept was based upon the state of residency of the player, however, due to NSW disinterest from 1962 to 1981, the State of Origin concept was initiated in 1980, and after two successful years with single matches, the superior origin concept became a three game series and the Interstate Series was scrapped in 1982.

## History

Since the beginning of Australian rugby league in 1908, an interstate competition between New South Wales and Queensland has been conducted from almost annually (not in WWI, Spanish Flu and WWII). Until 1982 each team drew its players from the clubs based in that state. No consideration was given to the origins of the players themselves.
The first of these interstate games was played at Sydney's Agricultural Ground on 11 July 1908, before Queensland had even commenced its club competition. New South Wales easily accounted for Queensland in a 43–0 victory. The local media were unimpressed.
    There can be no doubt the NSW men are improving a good deal... They cannot be blamed for the farce, for it was nothing else. If the Australian team depends on Queenslanders to strengthen it, one is afraid it will be found wanting. They are quite the weakest lot of footballers I have even seen come down from Queensland. The play needs no detailed description as it was simply a practice match for NSW, and certainly did not advantageously advertise the new game.
    –The Sydney Morning Herald, 13 July 1908
The interstate series was dominated by New South Wales, apart from a golden period for Queensland in the 1920s. From 1922 to 1925 Queensland defeated New South Wales 11 times in 12 matches. At the end of the 1925 season, a Kangaroo team was to be picked for touring Great Britain. Instead of announcing an Australian team dominated by Queenslanders, the Australian Rugby League Board of Control informed the media that the Rugby Football League had decided that the Kiwis would provide stronger opposition and that there would be no Australian tour. The period spanning 1922 to 1929 saw no Australian team play in Great Britain, the only such hiatus outside the two World Wars.
The New South Wales dominance of interstate football increased after 1956 when gaming machines were legalised for all registered clubs in New South Wales. This provided New South Wales football clubs with a revenue source unmatched by Queensland clubs. From this time on an increasing number of Queensland players moved to the much stronger Sydney competition, becoming ineligible for Queensland state selection. Paul Hogan famously told a Queensland Rugby League gathering in 1977 that "every time Queensland produces a good footballer, he finishes up being processed through a New South Wales poker machine."
Before 1956, NSW had won 75% and Qld only 25% of series played. From 1956 to 1981, NSW dominance soared even higher and Qld wins dwindled to only 3.8% with only 1 series win, in 1959.

## Interstate Series Results (1908–1981)

During the Interstate Series era, there were 66 series played, with New South Wales winning 50, Queensland winning 10, and 6 being draws. However, on each of the 6 occasions there was a drawn series, the previous year's winner retained the title, with 4 being retained by NSW and 2 by QLD, meaning NSW won 54 titles and QLD 12 titles during the Interstate Series era.
Notable runs of consecutive titles were NSW, 20 in a row (1962–81), NSW 9 in a row in intermittent early years (1908, 1910–13, 1915, 1919–21), NSW 7 in a row around WWII (1941, 1945–50) and again in the 1950s (1952–58), NSW 6 in a row (1933–39), QLD 5 in a row (1922-26), and QLD 3 in a row (1959–61). The 1973 series was also notable for New South Wales' complete shutout of Queensland in the series, with margins of 16–0, 10-0 and 26-0 across the three games for a series margin of 52–0.
Due to many factors, anywhere between one and five games were played in a series over the course of the competition.
NSW v QLD Interstate Rugby League Results 1908–1981 :
| Year | Series Winner | Margin | Matches | Matches | Matches | Matches | Matches |
| Year | Series Winner | Margin | Game 1 | Game 2 | Game 3 | Game 4 | Game 5 |
| 1908 | New South Wales | 2–0 | NSW 43–0 | NSW 12–3 | | | |
| 1910 | New South Wales | 3–0 | NSW 40–21 | NSW 32–18 | NSW 19–3 | | |
| 1911 | New South Wales | 3–0 | NSW 65–9 | NSW 49–0 | NSW 32–8 | | |
| 1912 | New South Wales | 2–0 | NSW 65–9 | NSW 32–4 | | | |
| 1913 | New South Wales | 2–0 | NSW 27–12 | NSW 21–17 | | | |
| 1915 | New South Wales | 2–0 | NSW 53–9 | NSW 39–6 | | | |
| 1919 | New South Wales | 2–0 | NSW 33–18 | NSW 12–7 | NSW 24–10 | | |
| 1920 | New South Wales | 1–0 | NSW 40–18 | | | | |
| 1921 | New South Wales | 2–0 | NSW 37–11 | NSW 34–20 | | | |
| 1922 | Queensland | 1–0 | QLD 25–9 | | | | |
| 1923 | Queensland | 2–0 | QLD 18–13 | QLD 25–10 | | | |
| 1924 | Queensland | 3–0 | QLD 22–20 | QLD 20–7 | QLD 36–6 | | |
| 1925 | Queensland | 4–1 | QLD 23–15 | QLD 27–13 | NSW 27–16 | QLD 26–8 | QLD 23–18 |
| 1926 | Queensland | 3–2 | NSW 30–17 | NSW 5–3 | QLD 26–11 | QLD 38–0 | QLD 37–19 |
| 1927 | New South Wales | 3–1 | NSW 14–10 | NSW 13–11 | QLD 11–7 | NSW 15–11 | |
| 1928 | Queensland | 3–1 | QLD 25–9 | NSW 16–7 | QLD 28–17 | QLD 21–10 | |
| 1929 | New South Wales | 5–0 | NSW 21–8 | NSW 17–8 | NSW 12–10 | NSW 16–14 | NSW 11–8 |
| 1930 | New South Wales | 2–1 | NSW 16–11 | QLD 25–11 | NSW 15–12 | | |
| 1931 | Queensland | 3–2 | NSW 39–17 | QLD 23–20 | NSW 28–6 | QLD 15–8 | QLD 4–3 |
| 1932 | Queensland | 2–0 | QLD 23–15 | Draw 9–9 | QLD 19–9 | | |
| 1933 | New South Wales | 3–1 | NSW 24–0 | NSW 15–13 | NSW 17–14 | QLD 10–8 | |
| 1934 | New South Wales (draw, retain title) | 2–2 | NSW 13–0 | NSW 42–9 | QLD 14–10 | Draw 25–25 | QLD 22–20 |
| 1935 | New South Wales | 4–1 | NSW 33–16 | NSW 18–14 | NSW 51–8 | QLD 22–20 | NSW 23–9 |
| 1936 | New South Wales | 3–0 | NSW 30–13 | NSW 24–13 | NSW 16–14 | | |
| 1937 | New South Wales | 3–0 | NSW 21–9 | NSW 31–3 | NSW 16–11 | | |
| 1938 | New South Wales | 2–1 | NSW 20–19 | NSW 44–7 | QLD 36–22 | | |
| 1939 | New South Wales (draw, retain title) | 2–2 | NSW 50–15 | NSW 54–13 | QLD 29–13 | QLD 23–13 | |
| 1940 | Queensland | 3–1 | NSW 52–11 | QLD 19–16 | QLD 45–8 | QLD 23–15 | |
| 1941 | New South Wales | 3–1 | NSW 18–14 | NSW 44–10 | NSW 23–16 | QLD 27–21 | |
| 1945 | New South Wales | 2–0 | NSW 37–12 | NSW 30–19 | | | |
| 1946 | New South Wales | 3–0 | NSW 46–10 | NSW 24–6 | NSW 30–14 | | |
| 1947 | New South Wales | 2–1 | NSW 29–15 | QLD 18–9 | NSW 22–10 | Draw 13–13 | |
| 1948 | New South Wales | 3–1 | NSW 23–9 | NSW 17–15 | QLD 9–8 | NSW 17–13 | |
| 1949 | New South Wales | 4–0 | NSW 19–3 | NSW 33–3 | NSW 44–20 | NSW 33–13 | |
| 1950 | New South Wales | 2–0 | NSW 45–12 | Draw 9–9 | NSW 25–5 | | |
| 1951 | Queensland | 2–1 | QLD 29–18 | NSW 31–8 | QLD 39–23 | | |
| 1952 | New South Wales | 3–0 | NSW 18–17 | NSW 27–10 | NSW 38–17 | | |
| 1953 | New South Wales (draw, retain title) | 2–2 | NSW 26–15 | NSW 27–16 | QLD 32–23 | QLD 22–13 | |
| 1954 | New South Wales | 4–0 | NSW 26–23 | NSW 18–13 | NSW 46–7 | NSW 26–21 | |
| 1955 | New South Wales (draw, retain title) | 2–2 | NSW 17–15 | QLD 30–28 | NSW 25–18 | QLD 34–12 | |
| 1956 | New South Wales | 3–1 | NSW 28–26 | QLD 28–20 | NSW 26–18 | NSW 23–19 | |
| 1957 | New South Wales | 4–0 | NSW 49–11 | NSW 29–12 | NSW 69–5 | NSW 45–12 | |
| 1958 | New South Wales | 3–0 | NSW 25–14 | NSW 29–20 | NSW 23–15 | | |
| 1959 | Queensland | 3–1 | QLD 17–15 | NSW 24–14 | QLD 23–11 | QLD 18–14 | |
| 1960 | Queensland (draw, retain title) | 2–2 | NSW 22–21 | QLD 17–12 | QLD 13–0 | NSW 33–14 | |
| 1961 | Queensland (draw, retain title) | 2–2 | NSW 21–20 | NSW 18–2 | QLD 15–2 | QLD 20–17 | |
| 1962 | New South Wales | 3–0 | NSW 28–8 | NSW 19–14 | NSW 25–12 | Draw 19–19 | |
| 1963 | New South Wales | 4–0 | NSW 20–10 | NSW 53–7 | NSW 31–5 | NSW 13–5 | |
| 1964 | New South Wales | 4–0 | NSW 28–12 | NSW 41–3 | NSW 31–5 | NSW 22–11 | |
| 1965 | New South Wales | 4–0 | NSW 31–7 | NSW 22–4 | NSW 30–9 | NSW 22–15 | |
| 1966 | New South Wales | 4–0 | NSW 16–6 | NSW 28–10 | NSW 28–20 | NSW 27–3 | |
| 1967 | New South Wales | 2–1 | NSW 14–8 | NSW 28–9 | Draw 16–16 | QLD 13–11 | |
| 1968 | New South Wales | 2–1 | NSW 30–7 | QLD 15–8 | NSW 29–11 | | |
| 1969 | New South Wales | 4–0 | NSW 26–0 | NSW 32–13 | NSW 33–17 | NSW 22–12 | |
| 1970 | New South Wales | 3–1 | QLD 16–15 | NSW 22–8 | NSW 34–8 | NSW 32–15 | |
| 1971 | New South Wales | 3–0 | NSW 12–3 | NSW 30–2 | NSW 17–15 | | |
| 1972 | New South Wales | 2–0 | NSW 29–5 | NSW 27–6 | | | |
| 1973 | New South Wales | 3–0 | NSW 16–0 | NSW 10–0 | NSW 26–0 | | |
| 1974 | New South Wales | 1–0 | NSW 22–13 | Draw 13–13 | Draw 4–4 | | |
| 1975 | New South Wales | 2–1 | QLD 14–8 | NSW 27–18 | NSW 9–8 | | |
| 1976 | New South Wales | 3–0 | NSW 33–9 | NSW 10–5 | NSW 15–13 | | |
| 1977 | New South Wales | 2–0 | NSW 19–3 | NSW 14–13 | | | |
| 1978 | New South Wales | 3–0 | NSW 25–19 | NSW 12–11 | NSW 28–12 | | |
| 1979 | New South Wales | 3–0 | NSW 30–5 | NSW 31–7 | NSW 35–20 | | |
| 1980 | New South Wales | 2–0 | NSW 35–3 | NSW 17–7 | Origin game | | |
| 1981 | New South Wales | 2–0 | NSW 10–2 | NSW 22–9 | Origin game | | |
Source:

## State of Origin (1980-present)
### Conception of State of Origin football

By the 1970s the prestige of interstate matches had been seriously downgraded, in most part due to the fact that a number of Queensland players signed to NSW clubs could not unseat the NSW incumbent and also were not eligible for Queensland selection, so they did not play at all. Matches were played mid-week, so as not to interfere with the Sydney club competition, and the small crowds in New South Wales were hosted at suburban grounds. Interstate football reached its nadir in 1977 when the New South Wales Rugby Football League (NSWRFL) declined to host the Queensland team, and both interstate games were played in Queensland.
Former Queensland captain and Australian vice-captain Jack Reardon, who had later become a journalist, was the first to suggest that Sydney-based Queenslanders should be available for selection to represent their state.
Brisbane Courier-Mail reporter Hugh Lunn, Barry Maranta (the future co-founder of the Brisbane Broncos) and Maranta's business partner Wayne Reid played a part in persuading QRL chairman Ron McAullife that the concept could be used in rugby league. Lunn told McAullife that "you can take the Queenslander out of Queensland, Ron, but you can't take the Queensland out of the Queenslander." McAuliffe was initially skeptical. "What if we recall our boys from Sydney to play, and we are beaten. Where would we go from there?" Reid spoke to NSWRFL president Kevin Humphreys and suggested that a one-off state of origin match could be used as a Test Match selection trial.
New South Wales clubs were reticent in their support of the concept and set two conditions:
* If the third game was to decide the series it was not to act as a selection trial, and also,
* that the expatriate Queenslanders would be under the supervision of a representative of the NSWRFL whose duty it would be to protect the interests of both the NSWRFL and the clubs to which they were contracted. (From 1980 this role was filled by Bob Abbott, a Cronulla-Sutherland Sharks official.)
Three Sydney clubs remained opposed to the plan: St. George Dragons, South Sydney Rabbitohs and Eastern Suburbs Roosters. As these clubs were refusing to release players, Humphreys threatened to make the game an official Australian Rugby League trial, which would make release mandatory. The clubs backed down.

### Results

State of Origin series :
| Year | Winner | Wins | Losses | Drawn | Shield holder |
| 1982 | QLD | 2 | 1 | 0 | QLD |
| 1983 | QLD | 2 | 1 | 0 | QLD |
| 1984 | QLD | 2 | 1 | 0 | QLD |
| 1985 | NSW | 2 | 1 | 0 | NSW |
| 1986 | NSW | 3 | 0 | 0 | NSW |
| 1987 | QLD | 2 | 1 | 0 | QLD |
| 1988 | QLD | 3 | 0 | 0 | QLD |
| 1989 | QLD | 3 | 0 | 0 | QLD |
| 1990 | NSW | 2 | 1 | 0 | NSW |
| 1991 | QLD | 2 | 1 | 0 | QLD |
| 1992 | NSW | 2 | 1 | 0 | NSW |
| 1993 | NSW | 2 | 1 | 0 | NSW |
| 1994 | NSW | 2 | 1 | 0 | NSW |
| 1995 | QLD | 3 | 0 | 0 | QLD |
| 1996 | NSW | 3 | 0 | 0 | NSW |
| 1997 | NSW | 2 | 1 | 0 | NSW |
| 1998 | QLD | 2 | 1 | 0 | QLD |
| 1999 | Draw | 1 | 1 | 1 | QLD |
| 2000 | NSW | 3 | 0 | 0 | NSW |
| 2001 | QLD | 2 | 1 | 0 | QLD |
| 2002 | Draw | 1 | 1 | 1 | QLD |
| 2003 | NSW | 2 | 1 | 0 | NSW |
| 2004 | NSW | 2 | 1 | 0 | NSW |
| 2005 | NSW | 2 | 1 | 0 | NSW |
| 2006 | QLD | 2 | 1 | 0 | QLD |
| 2007 | QLD | 2 | 1 | 0 | QLD |
| 2008 | QLD | 2 | 1 | 0 | QLD |
| 2009 | QLD | 2 | 1 | 0 | QLD |
| 2010 | QLD | 3 | 0 | 0 | QLD |
| 2011 | QLD | 2 | 1 | 0 | QLD |
| 2012 | QLD | 2 | 1 | 0 | QLD |
| 2013 | QLD | 2 | 1 | 0 | QLD |
| 2014 | NSW | 2 | 1 | 0 | NSW |
| 2015 | QLD | 2 | 1 | 0 | QLD |
| 2016 | QLD | 2 | 1 | 0 | QLD |
| 2017 | QLD | 2 | 1 | 0 | QLD |
| 2018 | NSW | 2 | 1 | 0 | NSW |
| 2019 | NSW | 2 | 1 | 0 | NSW |
| 2020 | QLD | 2 | 1 | 0 | QLD |
| 2021 | NSW | 2 | 1 | 0 | NSW |
| 2022 | QLD | 2 | 1 | 0 | QLD |
| 2023 | QLD | 2 | 1 | 0 | QLD |
State of Origin non-series matches :
| Year | Winner | Wins | Losses | Drawn |
| 1980 | QLD | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| 1981 | QLD | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| 1987 | NSW | 1 | 0 | 0 |

## Overall Results

Including the Interstate Series and State of Origin results, NSW has won 70 titles, and Queensland has won 37 titles. The all-time record of games played is 347 with New South Wales having 216 wins, Queensland 121 wins, and 10 matches have been drawn.
| State | Interstate Series (1908–1981) | Interstate Series (1908–1981) | Interstate Series (1908–1981) | Interstate Series (1908–1981) | Interstate Series (1908–1981) | Interstate Series (1908–1981) | State of Origin (1982–present)* | State of Origin (1982–present)* | State of Origin (1982–present)* | State of Origin (1982–present)* | State of Origin (1982–present)* | State of Origin (1982–present)* | Total | Total | Total | Total | Total | Total |
| State | Won | Lost | Drawn | Series Won | Retained Title | Titles | Won | Lost | Drawn | Series Won | Retained Title | Titles | Won | Lost | Drawn | Series Won | Retained Title | Titles |
| NSW | 159 | 54 | 8 | 50 | 4 | 54 | 57 | 67 | 2 | 16 | 0 | 16 | 216 | 121 | 10 | 66 | 4 | 70 |
| Queensland | 54 | 159 | 8 | 10 | 2 | 12 | 67 | 57 | 2 | 23 | 2 | 25 | 121 | 216 | 10 | 33 | 4 | 37 |
Asterisk (*): includes 1980, 1981 and 1987 exhibition game results in Win-Loss-Draw columns even though they were not part of any series