# Florida Senate

The Florida Senate is the upper house of the Florida Legislature, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Florida, the Florida House of Representatives being the lower house. Article III, Section 1 of the Constitution of Florida, adopted in 1968, defines the role of the Legislature and how it is to be constituted. The Senate is composed of 40 members, each elected from a single-member district with a population of approximately 540,000 residents. The Senate Chamber is located in the State Capitol building.
Following the November 2022 elections, Republicans hold a supermajority in the chamber with 28 seats; Democrats are in the minority with 11 seats. One seat is vacant.

## Terms

Article III of the Florida Constitution defines the terms for state legislators. The Constitution requires state senators from odd-numbered districts to be elected in the years that end in numbers that are multiples of four. Senators from even-numbered districts must be elected in even-numbered years, the numbers of which are not multiples of four.
To reflect the results of the U.S. census and the redrawing of district boundaries, all seats are up for election in redistricting years, with some terms truncated as a result. Thus, senators in odd-numbered districts were elected to two-year terms in 2022 (following the 2020 census), and senators in even-numbered districts will be elected to two-year terms in 2032 (following the 2030 census).

### Term limits

In 1992, Florida voted to enact eight-year term limit for state officials. In 1995, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled in U.S. Term Limits, Inc. v. Thornton that states could not enact congressional term limits.

## Qualifications

Florida legislators must be at least twenty-one years old, an elector and resident of their district, and must have resided in Florida for at least two years prior to election.

## Legislative session

Each year during which the Legislature meets constitutes a new legislative session.

### Regular legislative session

The Florida Legislature meets in a 60-day regular legislative session each year. Regular sessions in odd-numbered years must begin on the first Tuesday after the first Monday in March. Under the State Constitution, the Legislature can begin even-numbered year regular sessions at a time of its choosing.

### Special session

Special legislative sessions may be called by the governor, by a joint proclamation of the Senate president and House speaker, or by a three-fifths vote of all legislators. During a special session, the Legislature may only address legislative business that is within the purpose or purposes stated in the proclamation calling the session.

## Powers and process

The Florida Statutes are the codified statutory laws of the state.

### Leadership

The Senate is headed by the Senate President, who controls the agenda along with the Speaker of the House and Governor.
* President: Ben Albritton (R)
* President Pro Tempore: Jason Brodeur (R)
* Majority Leader: Jim Boyd (R)
* Minority Leader: Jason Pizzo (D)

## Composition

| Affiliation | Party (Shading indicates majority caucus) | Party (Shading indicates majority caucus) | Total | |
| Affiliation | Republican | Democratic | Total | Vacant |
| End of 2020–22 legislature | 23 | 16 | 39 | 1 |
| Start of previous (2022–24) legislature | 28 | 12 | 40 | 0 |
| End of previous legislature | 28 | 12 | 40 | 0 |
| Start of current (2024–26) legislature | 28 | 12 | 40 | 0 |
| February 13, 2025 | 28 | 11 | 39 | 1 |
| Latest voting share | 71.8% | 28.2% | | |

## Members, 2024–2026

| District | Name | Party | Residence | Counties represented | First elected | Term up |
| 1 | Don Gaetz | Rep | Crestview | Escambia, Santa Rosa, part of Okaloosa | 2024 | 2028 |
| 2 | Jay Trumbull | Rep | Panama City | Bay, Calhoun, Holmes, Jackson, Walton Washington, part of Okaloosa | 2022 | 2026 |
| 3 | Corey Simon | Rep | Tallahassee | Dixie, Franklin, Gadsden, Gulf, Hamilton, Jefferson, Lafayette, Leon, Liberty, Madison, Suwannee, Taylor, Wakulla | 2022 | 2028 |
| 4 | Clay Yarborough | Rep | Jacksonville | Nassau, part of Duval | 2022 | 2026 |
| 5 | Tracie Davis | Dem | Jacksonville | Part of Duval | 2022 | 2028 |
| 6 | Jennifer Bradley | Rep | Fleming Island | Baker, Bradford, Clay, Columbia, Gilchrist, Union, part of Alachua | 2020 | 2026 |
| 7 | Tom Leek | Rep | Ormond Beach | Flagler, Putnam, St. Johns, part of Volusia | 2024 | 2028 |
| 8 | Tom A. Wright | Rep | New Smyrna Beach | Parts of Brevard and Volusia | 2018 | 2026 |
| 9 | Stan McClain | Rep | Ocala | Alachua, Putnam, part of Marion | 2024 | 2028 |
| 10 | Jason Brodeur | Rep | Sanford | Seminole, part of Orange | 2020 | 2026 |
| 11 | Blaise Ingoglia | Rep | Spring Hill | Citrus, Hernando, Sumter, part of Pasco | 2022 | 2028 |
| 12 | Colleen Burton | Rep | Lakeland | Part of Polk | 2022 | 2026 |
| 13 | Keith Truenow | Rep | Tavares | Lake, part of Orange | 2024 | 2028 |
| 14 | Jay Collins | Rep | Tampa | Part of Hillsborough | 2022 | 2026 |
| 15 | Vacant | | | Part of Orange | | 2028 |
| 16 | Darryl Rouson | Dem | St. Petersburg | Parts of Hillsborough and Pinellas | 2016 | 2026 |
| 17 | Carlos Guillermo Smith | Dem | Orlando | Part of Orange | 2024 | 2028 |
| 18 | Nick DiCeglie | Rep | Indian Rocks Beach | Part of Pinellas | 2022 | 2026 |
| 19 | Randy Fine | Rep | Melbourne | Part of Brevard | 2024 | 2028 |
| 20 | Jim Boyd | Rep | Bradenton | Parts of Hillsborough and Manatee | 2020 | 2026 |
| 21 | Ed Hooper | Rep | Clearwater | Parts of Pasco and Pinellas | 2018 | 2028 |
| 22 | Joe Gruters | Rep | Sarasota | Sarasota, part of Manatee | 2018 | 2026 |
| 23 | Danny Burgess | Rep | Zephyrhills | Parts of Hillsborough and Pasco | 2020 | 2028 |
| 24 | Mack Bernard | Dem | West Palm Beach | Part of Palm Beach | 2024* | 2026 |
| 25 | Kristen Arrington | Dem | Orlando | Osceola, part of Orange | 2024 | 2028 |
| 26 | Lori Berman | Dem | Lantana | Part of Palm Beach | 2018* | 2026 |
| 27 | Ben Albritton | Rep | Wauchula | Charlotte, DeSoto, Hardee, parts of Lee and Polk | 2018 | 2028 |
| 28 | Kathleen Passidomo | Rep | Naples | Collier, Hendry, part of Lee | 2016 | 2026 |
| 29 | Erin Grall | Rep | Vero Beach | Glades, Highlands, Indian River, Okeechobee, part of St. Lucie | 2022 | 2028 |
| 30 | Tina Polsky | Dem | Boca Raton | Parts of Broward and Palm Beach | 2020 | 2026 |
| 31 | Gayle Harrell | Rep | Stuart | Martin, parts of Palm Beach and St. Lucie | 2018 | 2028 |
| 32 | Rosalind Osgood | Dem | Fort Lauderdale | Part of Broward | 2022* | 2026 |
| 33 | Jonathan Martin | Rep | Fort Myers | Part of Lee | 2022 | 2028 |
| 34 | Shevrin Jones | Dem | West Park | Part of Miami-Dade | 2020 | 2026 |
| 35 | Barbara Sharief | Dem | Plantation | Part of Broward | 2024 | 2028 |
| 36 | Ileana Garcia | Rep | Miami | Part of Miami-Dade | 2020 | 2026 |
| 37 | Jason Pizzo | Dem | North Miami Beach | Parts of Broward and Miami-Dade | 2018 | 2028 |
| 38 | Alexis Calatayud | Rep | Miami | Part of Miami-Dade | 2022 | 2026 |
| 39 | Bryan Avila | Rep | Hialeah | Part of Miami-Dade | 2022 | 2028 |
| 40 | Ana Maria Rodriguez | Rep | Doral | Monroe, part of Miami-Dade | 2020 | 2026 |
*Elected in a special election.