# December 2028 lunar eclipse

A total lunar eclipse will occur at the Moon’s descending node of orbit on Sunday, December 31, 2028, with an umbral magnitude of 1.2479. A lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon moves into the Earth's shadow, causing the Moon to be darkened. A total lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon's near side entirely passes into the Earth's umbral shadow. Unlike a solar eclipse, which can only be viewed from a relatively small area of the world, a lunar eclipse may be viewed from anywhere on the night side of Earth. A total lunar eclipse can last up to nearly two hours, while a total solar eclipse lasts only a few minutes at any given place, because the Moon's shadow is smaller. Occurring about 4.3 days before perigee (on January 4, 2029, at 23:15 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter will be larger.
This eclipse will occur during a blue moon and is the first such eclipse to happen on New Year's Eve and New Year's Day since December 2009, and the first total lunar eclipse on New Year's Day in history. The next such eclipse will be in December 2047 (though January 2048 for most timezones).

## Visibility

The eclipse will be completely visible over eastern Europe, Asia, and Australia, seen rising over Africa and Europe and setting over the eastern Pacific Ocean and western North America.

## Eclipse details

Shown below is a table displaying details about this particular solar eclipse. It describes various parameters pertaining to this eclipse.
December 31, 2028 Lunar Eclipse Parameters :
| Parameter | Value |
| Penumbral Magnitude | 2.27579 |
| Umbral Magnitude | 1.24785 |
| Gamma | 0.32583 |
| Sun Right Ascension | 18h45m53.7s |
| Sun Declination | -23°01'00.5" |
| Sun Semi-Diameter | 16'15.9" |
| Sun Equatorial Horizontal Parallax | 08.9" |
| Moon Right Ascension | 06h46m08.4s |
| Moon Declination | +23°19'37.5" |
| Moon Semi-Diameter | 15'49.4" |
| Moon Equatorial Horizontal Parallax | 0°58'04.3" |
| ΔT | 73.4 s |

## Eclipse season

This eclipse is part of an eclipse season, a period, roughly every six months, when eclipses occur. Only two (or occasionally three) eclipse seasons occur each year, and each season lasts about 35 days and repeats just short of six months (173 days) later; thus two full eclipse seasons always occur each year. Either two or three eclipses happen each eclipse season. In the sequence below, each eclipse is separated by a fortnight.
Eclipse season of December 2028–January 2029 :
| December 31 Descending node (full moon) | January 14 Ascending node (new moon) |
| Total lunar eclipse Lunar Saros 125 | Partial solar eclipse Solar Saros 151 |

## Related eclipses
### Eclipses in 2028

* A partial lunar eclipse on January 12.
* An annular solar eclipse on January 26.
* A partial lunar eclipse on July 6.
* A total solar eclipse on July 22.
* A total lunar eclipse on December 31.

### Metonic

* Preceded by: Lunar eclipse of March 14, 2025
* Followed by: Lunar eclipse of October 18, 2032

### Tzolkinex

* Preceded by: Lunar eclipse of November 19, 2021
* Followed by: Lunar eclipse of February 11, 2036

### Half-Saros

* Preceded by: Solar eclipse of December 26, 2019
* Followed by: Solar eclipse of January 5, 2038

### Tritos

* Preceded by: Lunar eclipse of January 31, 2018
* Followed by: Lunar eclipse of November 30, 2039

### Lunar Saros 125

* Preceded by: Lunar eclipse of December 21, 2010
* Followed by: Lunar eclipse of January 12, 2047

### Inex

* Preceded by: Lunar eclipse of January 21, 2000
* Followed by: Lunar eclipse of December 11, 2057

### Triad

* Preceded by: Lunar eclipse of March 3, 1942
* Followed by: Lunar eclipse of November 2, 2115

### Lunar eclipses of 2027–2031

This eclipse is a member of a semester series. An eclipse in a semester series of lunar eclipses repeats approximately every 177 days and 4 hours (a semester) at alternating nodes of the Moon's orbit.
The penumbral lunar eclipses on February 20, 2027 and August 17, 2027 occur in the previous lunar year eclipse set, and the penumbral lunar eclipses on May 7, 2031 and October 30, 2031 occur in the next lunar year eclipse set.
Lunar eclipse series sets from 2027 to 2031 :
| Ascending node | Ascending node | Ascending node | Ascending node | Descending node | Descending node | Descending node | Descending node |
| Saros | Date Viewing | Type Chart | Gamma | Saros | Date Viewing | Type Chart | Gamma |
| 110 | 2027 Jul 18 | Penumbral | −1.5759 | 115 | 2028 Jan 12 | Partial | 0.9818 |
| 120 | 2028 Jul 06 | Partial | −0.7904 | 125 | 2028 Dec 31 | Total | 0.3258 |
| 130 | 2029 Jun 26 | Total | 0.0124 | 135 | 2029 Dec 20 | Total | −0.3811 |
| 140 | 2030 Jun 15 | Partial | 0.7535 | 145 | 2030 Dec 09 | Penumbral | −1.0732 |
| 150 | 2031 Jun 05 | Penumbral | 1.4732 |

### Saros 125

This eclipse is a part of Saros series 125, repeating every 18 years, 11 days, and containing 72 events. The series started with a penumbral lunar eclipse on July 17, 1163. It contains partial eclipses from January 17, 1470 through June 6, 1686; total eclipses from June 17, 1704 through March 19, 2155; and a second set of partial eclipses from March 29, 2173 through June 25, 2317. The series ends at member 72 as a penumbral eclipse on September 9, 2443.
The longest duration of totality was produced by member 37 at 100 minutes, 23 seconds on August 22, 1812. All eclipses in this series occur at the Moon’s descending node of orbit.
| Greatest | First | First | First | First |
| The greatest eclipse of the series occurred on 1812 Aug 22, lasting 100 minutes, 23 seconds. | Penumbral | Partial | Total | Central |
| The greatest eclipse of the series occurred on 1812 Aug 22, lasting 100 minutes, 23 seconds. | 1163 Jul 17 | 1470 Jan 17 | 1704 Jun 17 | 1758 Jul 20 |
| Last ||||
| The greatest eclipse of the series occurred on 1812 Aug 22, lasting 100 minutes, 23 seconds. | Central | Total | Partial | Penumbral |
| The greatest eclipse of the series occurred on 1812 Aug 22, lasting 100 minutes, 23 seconds. | 1920 Oct 27 | 2155 Mar 19 | 2317 Jun 25 | 2443 Sep 09 |
Eclipses are tabulated in three columns; every third eclipse in the same column is one exeligmos apart, so they all cast shadows over approximately the same parts of the Earth.
Series members 37–58 occur between 1801 and 2200: :
| 37 | 37 | 38 | 38 | 39 | 39 |
| 1812 Aug 22 | 1812 Aug 22 | 1830 Sep 02 | 1830 Sep 02 | 1848 Sep 13 | 1848 Sep 13 |
| 40 | 40 | 41 | 41 | 42 | 42 |
| 1866 Sep 24 | 1866 Sep 24 | 1884 Oct 04 | 1884 Oct 04 | 1902 Oct 17 | 1902 Oct 17 |
| 43 | 43 | 44 | 44 | 45 | 45 |
| 1920 Oct 27 | 1920 Oct 27 | 1938 Nov 07 | 1938 Nov 07 | 1956 Nov 18 | 1956 Nov 18 |
| 46 | 46 | 47 | 47 | 48 | 48 |
| 1974 Nov 29 | 1974 Nov 29 | 1992 Dec 09 | 1992 Dec 09 | 2010 Dec 21 | 2010 Dec 21 |
| 49 | 49 | 50 | 50 | 51 | 51 |
| 2028 Dec 31 | 2028 Dec 31 | 2047 Jan 12 | 2047 Jan 12 | 2065 Jan 22 | 2065 Jan 22 |
| 52 | 52 | 53 | 53 | 54 | 54 |
| 2083 Feb 02 | 2083 Feb 02 | 2101 Feb 14 | 2101 Feb 14 | 2119 Feb 25 | 2119 Feb 25 |
| 55 | 55 | 56 | 56 | 57 | 57 |
| 2137 Mar 07 | 2137 Mar 07 | 2155 Mar 19 | 2155 Mar 19 | 2173 Mar 29 | 2173 Mar 29 |
| 58 ||
| 2191 Apr 09 ||

### Tritos series

This eclipse is a part of a tritos cycle, repeating at alternating nodes every 135 synodic months (≈ 3986.63 days, or 11 years minus 1 month). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with the anomalistic month (period of perigee), but groupings of 3 tritos cycles (≈ 33 years minus 3 months) come close (≈ 434.044 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings.
Series members between 1801 and 2200 :
| 1810 Sep 13 (Saros 105) | 1810 Sep 13 (Saros 105) | 1821 Aug 13 (Saros 106) | 1821 Aug 13 (Saros 106) | 1832 Jul 12 (Saros 107) | 1832 Jul 12 (Saros 107) | 1843 Jun 12 (Saros 108) | 1843 Jun 12 (Saros 108) | 1854 May 12 (Saros 109) | 1854 May 12 (Saros 109) |
| 1865 Apr 11 (Saros 110) | 1865 Apr 11 (Saros 110) | 1876 Mar 10 (Saros 111) | 1876 Mar 10 (Saros 111) | 1887 Feb 08 (Saros 112) | 1887 Feb 08 (Saros 112) | 1898 Jan 08 (Saros 113) | 1898 Jan 08 (Saros 113) | 1908 Dec 07 (Saros 114) | 1908 Dec 07 (Saros 114) |
| 1919 Nov 07 (Saros 115) | 1919 Nov 07 (Saros 115) | 1930 Oct 07 (Saros 116) | 1930 Oct 07 (Saros 116) | 1941 Sep 05 (Saros 117) | 1941 Sep 05 (Saros 117) | 1952 Aug 05 (Saros 118) | 1952 Aug 05 (Saros 118) | 1963 Jul 06 (Saros 119) | 1963 Jul 06 (Saros 119) |
| 1974 Jun 04 (Saros 120) | 1974 Jun 04 (Saros 120) | 1985 May 04 (Saros 121) | 1985 May 04 (Saros 121) | 1996 Apr 04 (Saros 122) | 1996 Apr 04 (Saros 122) | 2007 Mar 03 (Saros 123) | 2007 Mar 03 (Saros 123) | 2018 Jan 31 (Saros 124) | 2018 Jan 31 (Saros 124) |
| 2028 Dec 31 (Saros 125) | 2028 Dec 31 (Saros 125) | 2039 Nov 30 (Saros 126) | 2039 Nov 30 (Saros 126) | 2050 Oct 30 (Saros 127) | 2050 Oct 30 (Saros 127) | 2061 Sep 29 (Saros 128) | 2061 Sep 29 (Saros 128) | 2072 Aug 28 (Saros 129) | 2072 Aug 28 (Saros 129) |
| 2083 Jul 29 (Saros 130) | 2083 Jul 29 (Saros 130) | 2094 Jun 28 (Saros 131) | 2094 Jun 28 (Saros 131) | 2105 May 28 (Saros 132) | 2105 May 28 (Saros 132) | 2116 Apr 27 (Saros 133) | 2116 Apr 27 (Saros 133) | 2127 Mar 28 (Saros 134) | 2127 Mar 28 (Saros 134) |
| 2138 Feb 24 (Saros 135) | 2138 Feb 24 (Saros 135) | 2149 Jan 23 (Saros 136) | 2149 Jan 23 (Saros 136) | 2159 Dec 24 (Saros 137) | 2159 Dec 24 (Saros 137) | 2170 Nov 23 (Saros 138) | 2170 Nov 23 (Saros 138) | 2181 Oct 22 (Saros 139) | 2181 Oct 22 (Saros 139) |
| 2192 Sep 21 (Saros 140) ||

### Inex series

This eclipse is a part of the long period inex cycle, repeating at alternating nodes, every 358 synodic months (≈ 10,571.95 days, or 29 years minus 20 days). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with the anomalistic month (period of perigee). However, groupings of 3 inex cycles (≈ 87 years minus 2 months) comes close (≈ 1,151.02 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings.
Series members between 1801 and 2200 :
| 1826 May 21 (Saros 118) | 1826 May 21 (Saros 118) | 1855 May 02 (Saros 119) | 1855 May 02 (Saros 119) | 1884 Apr 10 (Saros 120) | 1884 Apr 10 (Saros 120) |
| 1913 Mar 22 (Saros 121) | 1913 Mar 22 (Saros 121) | 1942 Mar 03 (Saros 122) | 1942 Mar 03 (Saros 122) | 1971 Feb 10 (Saros 123) | 1971 Feb 10 (Saros 123) |
| 2000 Jan 21 (Saros 124) | 2000 Jan 21 (Saros 124) | 2028 Dec 31 (Saros 125) | 2028 Dec 31 (Saros 125) | 2057 Dec 11 (Saros 126) | 2057 Dec 11 (Saros 126) |
| 2086 Nov 20 (Saros 127) | 2086 Nov 20 (Saros 127) | 2115 Nov 02 (Saros 128) | 2115 Nov 02 (Saros 128) | 2144 Oct 11 (Saros 129) | 2144 Oct 11 (Saros 129) |
| 2173 Sep 21 (Saros 130) ||

### Half-Saros cycle

A lunar eclipse will be preceded and followed by solar eclipses by 9 years and 5.5 days (a half saros). This lunar eclipse is related to two annular solar eclipses of Solar Saros 132.
| December 26, 2019 | January 5, 2038 |