OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Arthur Gwynn

Arthur Percival Gwynn (11 June 1874 – 14 February 1898) was an Irish cricketer and rugby union player.

## Life

Arthur Percival Gwynn was born in Ramelton, County Donegal, Ireland, the fifth son of the Very Rev John Gwynn D.D. and Josephine O'Brien.
He was educated at St Columba's College, Rathfarnham and Trinity College Dublin. He excelled academically as well as on the sporting field. The most outgoing of the Gwynn brothers at Trinity College, he cut a handsome and dashing figure. He graduated from Trinity College in 1896, taking a double first in his finals. After completing the induction course for the Indian Civil Service in the autumn of 1897 he travelled to Burma for his first tour of duty. Tragically his promising career came to an abrupt end a few months later: in February 1898 he died in Rangoon of septicaemia resulting from a tooth infection.

## Cricket career

A right-handed batsman and wicket-keeper, Arthur Gwynn played for the Ireland cricket team five times between 1893 and 1896 and also played four first-class matches for Dublin University in 1895.
He made his debut for Ireland in a match against WH Laverton's XI, scoring one run in the only Irish innings. The following year, he played twice for Ireland, against I Zingari and South Africa. He scored 62 in the second innings against South Africa, his top score for Ireland.
May 1895 saw him make his first-class debut, playing for Dublin University against the MCC on 20 May. This was followed three days later by a match for Ireland against the same opponents. He played three further first-class matches that year, two against Cambridge University and one against Leicestershire. He scored 130 in the final match against Cambridge University, his highest first-class score.
In all matches for Ireland, he scored 220 runs at an average of 36.67. He took six catches and one stumping.

## Rugby Union

Arthur Gwynn also played once for the Ireland national rugby union team, in the 1895 Four Nations tournament against Wales.

## Personal life

Arthur Gwynn came from a cricketing family. His elder brother Lucius played several times for Ireland, and a younger brother Robin also played for Dublin University and Ireland. A fourth brother Jack after several seasons with the university team went on to play first-class cricket in India. Each of these four brothers had his turn as captain of the Dublin University XI. A cousin Donough O'Brien played for Ireland and the MCC, and a nephew John David Gwynn also played for Dublin University.
# John Hungerford (by 1516 – 1582)

John Hungerford (by 1516 – 1582) of Stokke Manor, Great Bedwyn, Wiltshire and Down Ampney, Gloucestershire was an English Member of Parliament.
He was born the eldest son of Sir Anthony Hungerford of Down Ampney and studied at the Inner Temple in 1534. He was the brother of Edward Hungerford (died 1572).
He was elected the member of the Parliament of England for Great Bedwyn for the Parliament of October 1553. He served as a Justice of the Peace for Gloucestershire and Wiltshire and was pricked High Sheriff of Gloucestershire for 1567–58. He succeeded his father in 1558 and was knighted in 1574.
He married firstly by 1541, Bridget, the daughter of John Fettiplace of East Shefford, Berkshire, with whom he had at least 1 son and secondly in 1563, Eleanor, the daughter of Walter, Lord Hungerford of Heytesbury and widow of William Master(s). They had at least 2 sons and 4 daughters. He was succeeded by his son Anthony.
# Thyagi

Thyagi (/θjɑːɡɪ/ transl. Martyr) is a 1982 Indian Tamil-language action film, directed by C. V. Rajendran and produced by G. Hanumantharao. The film stars Sivaji Ganesan, Sujatha, Major Sundarrajan and V. S. Raghavan. It is a remake of the 1981 Kannada film Antha. The film was released on 3 September 1982.

## Plot

IG Ganesh takes up the place of his doppelganger criminal and don, Kanwarlal to infiltrate their gang, collect evidence and bring them to book.
In the course of his work as Kanwarlal, he has to see the tortured death of his pregnant wife, and his sister being raped and murdered. He is forced to ignore the death of his mother too. He bears through all this in the interest of seeing his mission through due to his patriotic nature. He gets caught eventually by the gang and is tortured brutally. He endures all the sacrifices and brings them to court only for them to get acquitted by extra-judicial means.
Seeing all his sacrifices go to waste, he loses his control and kills all involved with his own hands and stands as the culprit in the eyes of the law.

## Cast

* Sivaji Ganesan as IG Ganesh/Kanwarlal
* Sujatha as Kamala
* Sripriya as Rajani
* Geetha
* Major Sundarrajan
* V. S. Raghavan
* Vijayakumar as Baig
* Tiger Prabhakar as Prathap
* Pandari Bai
* Major Sundarrajan
* Y. G. Parthasarathy
* Oru Viral Krishna Rao

## Soundtrack

Soundtrack was composed by M. S. Viswanathan.

## Controversy

Thyagi was initially denied a censor certificate by the censor board. One of the members claimed that the makers of the film retained the scenes which were deleted in the original Kannada film.

## Reception

Thiraignani of Kalki found the plot similar to Sangili which also starred Ganesan and directed by Rajendran but the director has shown variation in dealing the subject and praised Ganesan's acting in dual roles and concluded that it is obvious that the censor board has troubled the film more than cruel people torturing Ganesan in the film.
# Charles Luard

Major-General Charles Camac Luard, CB, CMG (14 September 1867 – 28 June 1947) was Commander of British Troops in South China.

## Military career

Fourth in a line of British army officers, and born the son of Richard Luard and educated at Clifton College, Luard was commissioned as a lieutenant in the Durham Light Infantry on 2 September 1885. He served as an Assistant Superintendent of Army Signalling in the Zhob Field Force in 1890, and was promoted captain on 13 February 1895.
In late December 1901 he was placed in command of the Burma Mounted Infantry serving in the Second Boer War in South Africa, with the local rank of major whilst in command. He was mentioned in despatches (dated 8 April 1902) and received a brevet promotion as major in the South African Honours list published on 26 June 1902. Following the end of the war, he left South Africa on the SS Kildonan Castle, which arrived at Southampton in October 1902.
He later served in World War I commanding a Brigade in India followed by 9th Infantry Brigade and was then deployed as part of the Mesopotamian Expeditionary Force and then the Egyptian Expeditionary Force.
After the war he again became a Brigade Commander in India and moved on to be Commander of British Troops in South China in 1925: he retired in 1929.$^{:273}$

## Cricket

He was a keen cricketer and played for the Europeans cricket team and Bombay in India, playing four first-class matches in the 1892/3 and 1898/9 seasons.

## Memory

Luard Road in Wan Chai on Hong Kong Island was named after him.
# Land based college

In the United Kingdom, land based colleges are colleges specialising in agriculture, horticulture, and other topics useful for rural economies. Most land based colleges are members of Landex, which promotes and coordinates the colleges.

## List of rural colleges in the UK
### England

* Askham Bryan College in Askham Bryan, North Yorkshire
* Berkshire College of Agriculture in Burchetts Green, Berkshire
* Bicton College in Budleigh Salterton, Devon
* Bishop Burton College in Bishop Burton, East Riding of Yorkshire
* Brooksby Melton College in Melton Mowbray, Leicestershire
* Capel Manor College in Bulls Cross, London Borough of Enfield
* College of West Anglia in Cambridgeshire
* Easton College in Norfolk
* Hadlow College in Hadlow, Kent
* Hartpury College in Hartpury, Gloucestershire
* Houghall College in Houghall, County Durham
* Kingston Maurward College in Dorchester, Dorset
* Merrist Wood College in Worplesdon, Surrey
* Moulton College in Moulton, Northamptonshire
* Myerscough College in Bilsborrow, Lancashire
* Newton Rigg College in Penrith, Cumbria, part of Askham Bryan College
* Plumpton College in Plumpton, East Sussex
* Reaseheath College in Nantwich, Cheshire
* Riseholme College in Lincolnshire
* Royal Agricultural College in Cirencester, Gloucestershire
* Shuttleworth College (Bedfordshire) in Old Warden
* Sparsholt College in Sparsholt, Hampshire
* South Staffordshire College specifically Rodbaston College based in Penkridge, Staffordshire
* Suffolk Rural College in Otley, Suffolk
* Walford Campus in Baschurch, Shropshire
* Wiltshire College Lackham, near Chippenham
* Writtle University College in Chelmsford, Essex

### Northern Ireland

* College of Agriculture, Food and Rural Enterprise

### Scotland

* Scotland's Rural College

### Wales

* Coleg Cambria Llysfasi in Ruthin, Denbighshire
* Glynllifon Agricultural College in Caernarfon, Gwynedd
# Bili-Bili Dam

The Bili-Bili Dam is a dam located in Gowa Regency, South Sulawesi, Indonesia, on the Jeneberang River, about 30 km from the city of Makassar. It provides flood control, irrigation, and hydroelectric power generation. The dam was constructed between 1991 and 1998.

## Background

In 1981, Bili-Bili Dam was added to the Jeneberang River Comprehensive Development Project. Construction began in 1991 and the dam was completed in 1998. The weirs downstream of the dam and their accompanying irrigation canals were completed in December 2005. The dam's power station was commissioned in 2005 as well. The project was built with funding and cooperation from the Japan International Cooperation Agency. It has several purposes to include municipal water supply for the city of Makassar, about 30 km away, and to protect the city from historic flooding. It is designed prevent an estimated 50-year flood. Water from its reservoir also helps irrigate about 23,786 ha (58,780 acres) of rice fields in Gowa and Takalar regencies. The power station has an installed capacity of 19.25 MW and generates about 69,000 MWh of electric power each year.
Sedimentation in the reservoir has been a concern since at least 2004. The dam is downstream from Mount Bawakaraeng, which is "prone to landslides." A large landslide in 2004 prompted a request for survey assistance to the Japanese government to determine the possible impact on the dam.
An overflow of the dam in 2019 caused a major flooding.

## Design

The Bili-Bili Dam is a 1,800 m (5,900 ft) long and 73 m (240 ft) tall rock-fill type. Its reservoir holds 375,000,000 m$^3$ (304,000 acre⋅ft) of water. Below the dam are three weirs, the Bili-Bili, Bissau and Kampili. They connect to 61.2 km (38.0 mi) of primary canals and 228.1 km (141.7 mi) of secondary canals. The Bili-Bili weir covers about 2,444 ha (6,040 acres) of farmland while the Bissau covers 10,795 ha (26,680 acres) and Kampili 10,547 ha (26,060 acres).
# Chukka Ramaiah

Chukka Ramaiah (born 20 November 1925) is an Indian educationist. He is known as "IIT Ramaiah" for teaching at IIT Study Circle, an IIT JEE coaching centre at Nallakunta, Hyderabad. He was a leading Telangana activist.

## Career

Ramaiah fought against the feudal system in Hyderabad State that was prevalent in rural hinterland of Telangana region. He actively participated in helping the poor, and was banished by his Brahmin community for helping the dalits and the downtrodden. He joined the Mahatma Gandhi's untouchability movement and tried to reform backward sections in his village. He actively participated in the rebellion against the Razakar Movement and was jailed for several years.

### Political career

Ramaiah was elected to the Telangana Legislative Council from Teacher's Constituency of Warangal, Khammam and Nalgonda in 2007 and held the position for 6 years. He was floor leader of 8 independent MLCs who got elected from different Constituencies.

### Activism

He was instrumental in the fight to set up an IIT in Telangana at Hyderabad, Telangana. However, the government set it up near Hyderabad, in spite of his love opposition.
He was a strong votary for the statehood of Telangana and often spoke of poverty and backwardness of the region.

### Writing career

Ramaiah authored over 16 books in Telugu, mainly focusing on education, including Chinna Paatam and Desadesallo Vidya.
# Milica Davies

Milica Davies (née Ilić, born 1981 in Bosnia and Herzegovina), is an Australian classical guitarist. She has released three albums, Rouge Guitar (2005), Stir the Sky (2007) and Evie's Song (2012). In 2002, she toured Australia and Asia backing José Carreras. As from 2004, Davies is based in London where she also teaches guitar.

## Biography

Milica Davies took up classical guitar at seven years old and was 11 when the family relocated to Perth, Western Australia. Davies has toured in Australia, Asia and Europe, performing as a soloist, with orchestra and as an accompanist. She holds a First Class Honours degree in performance, from the University of Western Australia, Perth, where she studied with guitar teacher, John Casey. In 2002, she toured Australia and Asia backing José Carreras. In 2004 she was honoured with a Western Australian Citizen of the Year Award for her contribution to the state's Youth Arts. Davies' work - live and on record - has been played on the BBC, Classic FM (UK) and the Australian Broadcasting Corporation.
Milica released her debut album, Rouge Guitar, which had been recorded in Perth in March, 2004 with Paul Wright on violin. From 2006 she has periodically performed and toured with guitar duo, Desert Child, which are Guy Ghouse and Damian Watkiss. For her second album, Stir the Sky (May 2007), she used Wright with Ghouse on guitar, Watkiss on acoustic guitar and Jessica Ipkendanz on violin. She co-produced the album with Lee Bundle and issued it on Twilight Classics.
In 2004 Davies relocated to London where she performs and teaches guitar. During 2009 she toured Australia with Guitar Heaven Quartet, which comprise Ghouse, Watkiss and Simon Fox. Davies released her third album, Evie's Song in November 2012. Again, she worked with Ghouse, Ipkendanz, Watkiss and Wright. The album is dedicated to Davies' idol, Eva Cassidy. Her fourth album, Go South in the Winter, is due for release in 2016, in collaboration with the flamenco master Ramon Ruiz.

## Discography
### Albums

* Rouge Guitar (Move Records, 15 April 2005)
* Stir the Sky (Twilight Classics, 5 May 2007)
* Evie's Song (P3 Music, November 2012)
* Go South in the Winter (Due for release 2016)

### DVDs

* In Conversation and on Stage (2005)
# Robert Stern (philosopher)

Robert Arthur Stern FBA (February 1962 – 21 August 2024) was a British philosopher who served as professor of philosophy at the University of Sheffield. He was an expert on the history of philosophy, particularly G. W. F. Hegel and Immanuel Kant. His later research focused on the Danish ethicist Knud Ejler Løgstrup.

## Life and career

Stern was born in February 1962. He graduated from St John's College, Cambridge, and then became a research fellow there. Stern became a professor at the University of Sheffield in 2000, and was the head of the Department of Philosophy from 2004 to 2008.
He was on the editorial board of the European Journal of Philosophy, and was president of the British Philosophical Association. He was elected a Fellow of the British Academy in 2019.
Stern died from brain cancer on 21 August 2024, at the age of 62.

## Works
### Books

* Stern, Robert (1990). Hegel, Kant and the Structure of the Object. London New York: Routledge. ISBN 9780415025935.
* Stern, Robert (1993). G.W.F. Hegel: Critical Assessments. London New York: Routledge. ISBN 9780415072793.
* Stern, Robert (2000). Transcendental Arguments and Scepticism : Answering the Question of Justification. Oxford Oxford New York: Clarendon Press Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780198250531.
* Stern, Robert (2002). Routledge Philosophy Guidebook to Hegel and the Phenomenology of Spirit. London New York: Routledge. ISBN 9780203205044.
* Stern, Robert (2009). Hegelian Metaphysics. Oxford New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780199239108.
* Stern, Robert (2012). Understanding Moral Obligation: Kant, Hegel, Kierkegaard. Cambridge New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9781107012073.
* Stern, Robert (2013). The Routledge Guidebook to Hegel's Phenomenology of Spirit (second ed.). Abingdon, Oxon New York: Routledge. ISBN 9780415664455.

### Journal articles

* Stern, Robert (January 2007). "Hegel, British idealism, and the curious case of the concrete universal". British Journal for the History of Philosophy. 15 (1): 115–153. doi:10.1080/09608780601088002. S2CID 170549435.
* Stern, Robert (2009). "Hegel's Doppelsatz: A Neutral Reading" (PDF). pp. 81–114. doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199239108.003.0004. ISBN 9780199239108. {{cite book}}: |journal= ignored (help); Missing or empty |title= (help)
* Stern, Robert (2009). "Peirce on Hegel: nominalist or realist?" (PDF). pp. 239–268. doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199239108.003.0009. ISBN 9780199239108. {{cite book}}: |journal= ignored (help); Missing or empty |title= (help)
* Stern, Robert (April 2012). "Is Hegel's master–slave dialectic a refutation of solipsism?" (PDF). British Journal for the History of Philosophy. 20 (2): 333–361. doi:10.1080/09608788.2012.664026. S2CID 144098262.
* Stern, Robert (June 2013). "Hegel's critique of Kant: from dichotomy to identity". British Journal for the History of Philosophy. 21 (4): 807–810. doi:10.1080/09608788.2013.792778. S2CID 170667801.
# Jayden Sweeney

Jayden Deslandes Sweeney (born 4 December 2001) is an English professional footballer who plays as a defender for EFL League One club Leyton Orient.

## Career

Sweeney made his first-team debut for Leyton Orient in the FA Trophy on 15 December 2018, in a 4–0 win over Beaconsfield Town. He turned professional when he signed a two-year professional contract with the O's in June 2019.
In November 2019, he joined Isthmian League Premier Division club Bishop's Stortford on loan, and scored on his debut in the 2–2 draw at Merstham on 30 November. He made seven appearances in all competitions before returning to Orient in January 2020.
Sweeney made his league debut for Orient in the 3–0 defeat at Salford City on the last day of the 2020–21 season, as an 85th minute substitute for Conor Wilkinson. On 7 August, the first day of the 2021–22 season, he again came on as a late substitute at Salford City, this time for Connor Wood, in a 1–1 draw.
On 19 November 2021, Sweeney joined National League side Wealdstone on a one-month loan deal. He made his first appearance for the club the next day, in a 0–0 draw away to Wrexham. On 23 November 2021, in his second appearance for the club, Sweeney scored twice: opening the scoring and then netting the winner in a 3–2 victory against Dover Athletic. On 18 December 2021, Sweeney was recalled from his loan spell by parent club Leyton Orient.
On 5 March 2022, Sweeney joined Dartford on loan.

## Career statistics

    As of match played 7 December 2024
Appearances and goals by club, season and competition :
| Club | Season | League | League | League | FA Cup | FA Cup | EFL Cup | EFL Cup | Other | Other | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Leyton Orient | 2018–19 | National League | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 0 |
| Leyton Orient | 2019–20 | League Two | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Leyton Orient | 2020–21 | League Two | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 3 | 0 |
| Leyton Orient | 2021–22 | League Two | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 7 | 0 |
| Leyton Orient | 2022–23 | League Two | 22 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 26 | 0 |
| Leyton Orient | 2023–24 | League One | 13 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 17 | 0 |
| Leyton Orient | 2024–25 | League One | 7 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 14 | 1 |
| Leyton Orient | Total | Total | 48 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 15 | 0 | 71 | 1 |
| Bishop's Stortford (loan) | 2019–20 | Isthmian League Premier Division | 6 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 7 | 1 |
| Wealdstone (loan) | 2021–22 | National League | 5 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 2 |
| Dartford (loan) | 2021–22 | National League South | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 5 | 0 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 63 | 4 | 3 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 17 | 0 | 88 | 4 |
* ↑ Appearance(s) in FA Trophy
* 1 2 3 4 5 6 Appearance(s) in EFL Trophy
* ↑ Appearance in Velocity Trophy
* ↑ Appearance in Kent Senior Cup

## Honours

Leyton Orient
* EFL League Two: 2022–23
# 2013 Copa del Sol

The 2013 Copa del Sol took place in La Manga Club and Pinatar (Region of Murcia, Spain) between 23 January and 2 February 2013. The final was between Shakhtar Donetsk and Widzew Łódź with Ukrainian club winning.
The tournament gives an opening to the newly constructed Pinatar Arena Football Center. Like in the previous edition, 12 teams are divided into two groups, the Red Group and the Blue Group.

## Group stage
### Red Group

| Team | Pld | W | WP | LP | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts |
| Shakhtar Donetsk | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 1 | +4 | 9 |
| Olimpija | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 1 | +2 | 6 |
| Göteborg | 3 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 2 | +2 | 4 |
| CSKA Moscow | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 3 | 4 | −1 | 3 |
| Strømsgodset | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 3 | 7 | −4 | 3 |
| Rosenborg | 3 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 3 | −3 | 2 |

### Blue Group

| Team | Pld | W | WP | LP | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts |
| Widzew Łódź | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 3 | +3 | 8 |
| Shanghai East Asia | 3 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 7 | 5 | +2 | 6 |
| Vaslui | 3 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 6 | −3 | 5 |
| København | 3 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 6 | 4 | +2 | 4 |
| Molde | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 4 | 6 | −2 | 3 |
| Tromsø | 3 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 6 | −2 | 1 |

## Winners

* Winners of the 2013 Copa del Sol
* FC Shakhtar Donetsk

## Goalscorers
### 3 goals (1 player)

* Wu Lei (Shanghai East Asia)

### 2 goals (5 players)

* Igor Vetokele (København)
* Henrikh Mkhitaryan (Shakhtar Donetsk)
* Chris Dickson (Shanghai East Asia)
* Zdeněk Ondrášek (Tromsø)
* Mariusz Stępiński (Widzew Łódź)

### 1 goal (38 players)

* Pavel Mamayev (CSKA Moscow)
* Sekou Oliseh (CSKA Moscow)
* Zoran Tošić (CSKA Moscow)
* Philip Haglund (Göteborg)
* Tobias Hysén (Göteborg)
* David Moberg Karlsson (Göteborg)
* Robin Söder (Göteborg)
* Mads Aaquist (København)
* Thomas Delaney (København)
* Rúrik Gíslason (København)
* César Santin (København)
* Daniel Chima (Molde)
* Magne Hoseth (Molde)
* Etzaz Hussain (Molde)
* Magne Simonsen (Molde)
* Nikola Nikezić (Olimpija)
* Damjan Trifković (Olimpija)
* Filip Valenčič (Olimpija)
* Luiz Adriano (Shakhtar Donetsk)
* Douglas Costa (Shakhtar Donetsk)
* Eduardo (Shakhtar Donetsk)
* Yaroslav Rakitskiy (Shakhtar Donetsk)
* Taison (Shakhtar Donetsk)
* Lü Wenjun (Shanghai East Asia)
* Zhu Zhengrong (Shanghai East Asia)
* Adama Diomande (Strømsgodset)
* Muhamed Keita (Strømsgodset)
* Gustav Wikheim (Strømsgodset)
* Remi Johansen (Tromsø)
* Aleksandar Prijović (Tromsø)
* Liviu Antal (Vaslui)
* Raul Costin (Vaslui)
* Nicolae Stanciu (Vaslui)
* Sebastian Dudek (Widzew Łódź)
* Marcin Kaczmarek (Widzew Łódź)
* Krystian Nowak (Widzew Łódź)
* Bartłomiej Pawłowski (Widzew Łódź)
* Mariusz Rybicki (Widzew Łódź)