OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Talladega National Forest

The Talladega National Forest is located in the U.S. state of Alabama and covers 392,567 acres (613.39 sq mi, or 1,588.66 km$^2$) at the southern edge of the Appalachian Mountains.
Before it was bought by the federal government in the 1930s, the area that composes the Talladega was extensively logged and represented some of the most abused, eroded wastelands in all of Alabama. Pine forest regrowth now hosts a diverse eco-system.
The tiny 7,400 acre (30 km$^2$) Cheaha Wilderness preserves a portion of this natural wealth on Talladega Mountain. The forest's second wilderness area, the Dugger Mountain Wilderness, protects the area around Alabama's second-highest mountain peak.
Indigenous animals inhabiting this forest include coyote, black bear, white-tailed deer, two species of fox, bobwhite quail, two species of squirrel, turkey, rabbit, raccoon, and various waterfowl. Talladega National Forest is home to several threatened, endangered, and sensitive species including the seepage salamander, eastern spotted skunk, and the red-cockaded woodpecker. The critically endangered american chestnut has also been found in the Talladega National Forest.
This forest is headquartered in Montgomery, as are all four of Alabama's National Forests. The other National Forests in the state are Conecuh, Tuskegee, and William B. Bankhead. The Talladega National Forest is physically separated into two areas, and divided into three Ranger Districts:
* Oakmulgee District lies in the central part of the state, east of Tuscaloosa in Hale, Tuscaloosa, Bibb, Perry, Chilton, and Dallas Counties. It consists of level to moderately sloping, broad ridges with stream terraces and broad floodplains. The ranger station is located in Brent. This district lies within the Southeastern mixed forests ecoregion and supports mixed forests of pine and oak.
* The Shoal Creek and Talladega Districts are located in the northeastern part of the state in Cherokee, Calhoun, Cleburne, Talladega and Clay Counties. They consist of upland hills and low mountains with predominantly moderately steep slopes. They support Appalachian mixed mesophytic forests. The Shoal Creek ranger station is located in Heflin and the Talladega ranger station in its namesake city of Talladega.
The forest covers parts of eleven counties in Alabama. In descending order of forest land area they are Cleburne, Clay, Bibb, Talladega, Perry, Hale, Calhoun, Chilton, Tuscaloosa, Cherokee, and Dallas counties.
# Stare Rybie

Stare Rybie is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Limanowa, within Limanowa County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland. It lies approximately 15 kilometres (9 mi) north-west of Limanowa and 40 km (25 mi) south-east of the regional capital Kraków.
# Jeremy Shapiro

Jeremy Shapiro is a research director at the European Council on Foreign Relations. Previously he was special advisor to the assistant secretary of state for Europe and Eurasia at the U.S. Department of State. Prior to his appointment he was director of research at the "Center on the United States and Europe" at the Brookings Institution. His expertise is in the fields of Civil-military relations, Europe, France, military operations, national security and transatlantic diplomacy.
He was a Ph.D. candidate at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, after receiving his Master's degree from Johns Hopkins University School of Advanced International Studies in 1994. He graduated from Harvard in 1989. He previously worked in varied fields including software development, and was a political and security analyst for RAND and a research associate at MIT.
Shapiro works as an adjunct professor for the Security Studies Program at Georgetown University.
Shapiro is originally from Massachusetts.

## Selected publications

* France and the GIA, Democracies and Counter-terrorism, Robert Art and Louise Richardson, eds. (United States Institute of Peace, forthcoming 2004)
* Allies at War: America, Europe and the Crisis Over Iraq, with Philip Gordon (McGraw-Hill, 2004)
* A Vision not a Policy: Bush Administration Views on the Franco-German Couple, A View from Outside, Matt Browne et al. (Notre Europe, 2004)
* French Lessons: The Importance of the Judicial System in Fighting Terrorism, U.S.-France Analysis (March 2003)
* The French Experience of Counter-terrorism, with Bénédicte Suzan, Survival (Spring 2003)
* The U.S. Can Learn from the French in the War Against Terrorism, EuroTransport Intelligence (5/19/03)
* The U.S. Army and the New National Security Strategy, edited with Lynn Davis (RAND, 2003)
* The Role of France in the War on Terrorism, U.S.-France Analysis (May 2002)
* Strategic Appraisal: U.S. Air and Space Power in the 21st Century, co-editor with Zalmay M. Khalilzad (RAND, 2002)
* Do Casualties Drive Policy? Defense News, with Harvey M. Sapolsky (9/27/99)
* The Changing Role of Information in Warfare, with Martin Libicki, and "Information and War: Is it a Revolution?" Strategic Appraisal: The Changing Role of Information in Warfare, Zalmay M. Khalilzad and John P. White, editors (RAND, 1999)
* Innovation in Financial Services Case Study: Home Banking," MIT Industrial Performance Center Working Paper (March 1999)
* Military Privatization: The Future of the Force Protection Industry," Breakthroughs (Spring 1998)
# The Tridge (Midland, Michigan)

The Tridge is the formal name of a three-way wooden footbridge spanning the confluence of the Chippewa and Tittabawassee Rivers in Chippewassee Park near downtown Midland, Michigan, in the Tri-Cities region. Named as a portmanteau of "tri" and "bridge", the structure opened in 1981. It consists of one 31-foot (9.4 m) tall central pillar supporting three spokes. Each spoke is 180 feet (55 m) long by 8 feet (2.4 m) wide.

## History

The bridge was constructed in 1981 at the instigation of the Midland Area Community Foundation (MACF). The bridge cost $732,000 to build, and took 6,400 hours of labor. Ten railroad car loads of prefabricated wood, and 337 cubic yards (258 m$^3$) of concrete were used to construct three arches, which weigh 44,000 pounds (20,000 kg) apiece. Each appendage is 180 by 8 feet (54.9 by 2.4 m). The Tridge was designed by Commonwealth Associates of Jackson and built for a design load of 85 pounds per square foot of deck area and to handle 1,500 people at a time. Gerace Construction Company worked on the project. As a symbol, the bridge has been popularized and is the subject, for example, of lithographs.
The Tridge was closed in November 2011 due to work on the rails-to-trails project and the construction of a new canoe launch site.
In April 2017, the Tridge was closed for renovations with all stain to be removed and restained and some board replacements. The bridge's full reopening would happen in October with a partial reopening on the Fourth of July. Rollin M. Gerstacker Foundation donated $2.5 million towards the project.

## Recreation

The Tridge is a tourist attraction. It and its two surrounding parks—35 acres (14 ha) in Chippewassee and St. Charles parks—are one of the most popular leisure areas downtown. The 3.5-mile (5.6 km) Chippewa Nature Trail begins at the bridge.
The site also marks the starting point of the Pere Marquette Rail Trail, a Michigan Rails to Trails Conservancy Hall of Fame trail. Although being mainly a footbridge, bicycles, skateboards, and in-line skates are also allowed on the bridge. It is the focal point for summer evening concerts. Fishing is generally not permitted from the bridge although it does occur frequently.
The Tridge, located beside the Midland farmers market, has become an icon of the city and is the most famous landmark of the downtown area. Each year, the Tridge mimics the Mackinac Bridge to the north, in hosting a "Labor Day walk". The festive annual event is sponsored by MACF and the Chippewa Nature Center, and led by the mayor of Midland. In addition, St. Charles Park, which surrounds the Tridge, is host to many public and private events. At night, the bridge's arches are lit.
During summer evenings, the Tridge is a popular hangout spot for local teens largely because it is near the Downtown area and several popular areas. The Trilogy Skatepark is located just 300 feet (91 m) north of the Tridge in Chippewassee Park.
* Tridge is a 3-way bridge
* Sine wave reflections
* People on Tridge walkway
* Tridge arch
* Tridge undercarriage
* Tridge span
* Tridge to somewhere
* Midland Tridge clean lines
* Tridge Arc by sections
* Tridge at dusk
# Thunder Bay National Marine Sanctuary

Thunder Bay National Marine Sanctuary and Underwater Preserve is a United States National Marine Sanctuary on Lake Huron's Thunder Bay, within the northeastern region of the U.S. state of Michigan. It protects an estimated 116 historically significant shipwrecks ranging from nineteenth-century wooden side-wheeler paddle steamers to twentieth-century steel-hulled steamers. There are a great many wrecks in the sanctuary, and their preservation and protection is a concern for United States Government policymakers. The landward boundary of the sanctuary extends from the western boundary of Presque Isle County to the southern boundary of Alcona County. The sanctuary extends east from the lakeshore to the international border. Alpena is the largest city in the area.

## History

The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration established Thunder Bay National Marine Sanctuary and Underwater Preserve on June 22, 2000. It became the thirteenth national marine sanctuary overall and first on the Great Lakes. Original boundaries followed that of Alpena County to 83 degrees west longitude totaling 448 square miles (338 sq nmi; 1,160 km$^2$). In 2014 it was expanded to 4,300 square miles (11,137 km$^2$). The marine sanctuary contains many shipwrecks, such as the hull of package freighter SS Pewabic.

## Great Lakes Maritime Heritage Center

Tied to the sanctuary is the Great Lakes Maritime Heritage Center. The museum, located in Alpena on the Thunder Bay River, features exhibits about local shipwrecks and the Great Lakes, an auditorium, an archaeological conservation laboratory, and education areas.

## Visitation

Thunder Bay National Marine Sanctuary offers a variety of recreational activities for visitors. The sanctuary is renowned for its exceptional shipwreck diving experiences, suitable for both novice and experienced divers. Several charter services provide guided dives to the sanctuary's shipwrecks, ensuring safe and educational experiences. Boating is another popular activity, with numerous boat launches and marinas available in the area.
# Stryszowa

Stryszowa is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Gdów, within Wieliczka County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland. It lies approximately 16 kilometres (10 mi) south-east of Wieliczka and 28 km (17 mi) south-east of the regional capital Kraków.
# Toms Creek Falls

Toms Creek Falls is a waterfall in the Pisgah National Forest in McDowell County, North Carolina, near the town of Marion.

## Geology

The 60-foot (18 m) falls are located on Toms Creek. The creek flows over several cascading upper sections of bedrock into a near-vertical lower cascade, ending in a small scoop in the rocks. A wide, flat pool area is at the base, located in a gully that has large amounts of mica embedded in the rock.

## Visiting the Falls

From the junction of US 221 and US 70 in Marion, go north on US 221 for 5.6 miles (9.0 km). Turn left on Huskins Branch Rd. and go 1.2 miles (1.9 km) to a small parking area located before the bridge that crosses Toms Creek. From the Parking lot, follow the moderate-difficulty 0.4-mile (0.64 km) trail to a short, moderately steep climb and scramble down to the base of the falls. A small creek crossing used to be required, but a bridge has been built over the creek. An old mine is located just downstream of the plunge pool.

## Nearby Falls

* Catawba Falls
* Linville Falls
* Crabtree Falls (North Carolina)
# Traction Line Recreation Trail

The Traction Line Recreation Trail is a multi-use paved asphalt rail trail located in Morristown, New Jersey.
This 2.7-mile (4.3 km) trail uses a rail corridor which was built for the Morris County Traction Company trolley line, which runs alongside New Jersey Transit's Morris & Essex Lines in Morris Township, New Jersey.
The trail is maintained by the Morris County Park Commission.
The southern trailhead can be found along Danforth Rd in Florham Park, New Jersey. One northern trailhead exists along Howell Place in Morristown, New Jersey where there is a small trail parking lot. Approximately 100m further north is another trailhead on Morris Ave in Morristown across the road from the Morristown National Historical Park. There are no bathroom facilities along the trail though there are a few benches near Convent Station constructed by Christian Fox and Ryan Servais as their Eagle Scout project for Boy Scout Troop 34.

## Proposed Expansion

In 2012 the Morris County Park Commission proposed extending the trail an additional 0.6 miles south from its current trailhead on Dreyfuss Rd in Florham Park to Elm Street in Madison. Despite the proposal receiving a majority support from the public, with the hopes of bringing additional bicyclists to Madison's downtown, the Madison Borough Council unanimously voted the proposal down with all Republican candidates for Madison town council signing onto a statement opposing the extension. As of 2023 the trail extension has not been built.

## Landmarks Along the Trail

Approximately 0.8 miles from the northern trailhead the trail passes under Normandy Parkway which runs down the center of Normandy Park Historic District. The concrete bridge, first referred to as Sneeden Bridge (Sneeden's Bridge) or Sneeden's Crossing after Normandy Park resident John Sneeden in a 1922 article, was constructed in 1914 and contains Art Deco features to make it aesthetically pleasing to the residents of Normandy Park. Though the exact design of the bridge was contested for years by the residents. The bridge replaced a railroad crossing with gates the residents had argued was unsafe.
Convent Station first built in 1867 with the current brick building constructed from 1913 to 1914 can be found approximately 1.7 miles from the northern trailhead.
At the southern end of the trail an old concrete wall separates the trail from Fairleigh Dickinson University. Known as Mrs. Twombly's Privacy Wall, it was constructed by Florence Adele Vanderbilt Twombly in 1913 to shield her from the view of the passing trolleys after she lost a court battle opposing the creation of the trolley line on her Florham Estate.
# Trolley Line Number 9 Trail

The Historical Ellicott City/Baltimore Trolley Line #9 Trail is a 1.25-mile (2.0 km) trail in western Baltimore County, Maryland. It begins at the west end of Edmondson Avenue and extends from Catonsville through Oella to Main Street, Ellicott City. The trail follows what was originally part of the Catonsville and Ellicott City Electric Railway Company trolley line that shuttled passengers between Ellicott City and Baltimore from the late 1890s to the mid-1950s.

## Catonsville & Ellicott City Electric Railway Company

In 1805 the Baltimore and Frederick Turnpike was constructed to provide a route from Baltimore to Boonsboro Maryland. On 11 March 1861 the Baltimore, Catonsville and Ellicott Mills Passenger Railway Company was formed to service the towns of Catonsville, Oella, and Ellicott City with horse-drawn cars on the turnpike right-of-way. The company agreed that the line would not use steam trains or carry freight. Trips between Catonsville and Baltimore took two hours. The company became insolvent competing with the Catonsville Short Line Railroad (1884), and was purchased as part of the City and Suburban Railway Corporation. In 1895, the follow-on Baltimore and Catonsville Railway Company decided to extend its lines four miles to Ellicott City and convert to 33 foot long cars using electricity. Stock was issued on 25 November 1895 for the Edmondson Avenue, Catonsville & Ellicott City Electric Railway Company. Victor G. Bloede's Evans & Co. was initially given 90 days to complete the project. The company was a subsidiary of the Eden Construction Company that built Victorian neighborhoods of Eden Terrace in Catonsville. George Yakel took over as president with Louis Yaakel as vice president and William Layfield as treasurer. Construction was difficult, requiring extensive excavation along the Patapsco River Valley with several construction deaths. Steam engine winches powered plows to break the surface. Cobblestone pavers filled the surfaces between the tracks. A double track ran from Baltimore to Catonsville, and a single line ran to Ellicott City. The parent construction company went insolvent in 1897, and the railroad was later purchased and consolidated with the United Railways and Electric Company, and later the Columbia & Maryland Railway Company. Gaither's Electric express provided freight operations for a two-mile section running through Ellicott City. In the early 1900s it faced lawsuits for carrying freight against its original operating contracts. On 7 June 1914, the 200 ft long wooden bridge between Howard County and Baltimore County burned down from a discarded cigarette.

## Trail

A century after its construction, in the 1990s, the abandoned right-of-way was converted as part of a rails-to-trails program. Today, the path is paved and features a section of boardwalk next to walls of rock that were hand-cut by the original builders.
# Qarah Darreh, Zanjan

Qarah Darreh (Persian: قره دره) is a village in Qaleh Juq Rural District of Anguran District in Mahneshan County, Zanjan province, Iran.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the village's population was 463 in 96 households. The following census in 2011 counted 450 people in 130 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the village as 465 people in 134 households.
# Kreuzlingen Hafen railway station

Kreuzlingen Hafen railway station (German: Bahnhof Kreuzlingen Hafen, lit. 'Kreuzlingen Harbour Station') is a railway station in Kreuzlingen, in the Swiss canton of Thurgau. It is an intermediate stop on the Lake line and is served by local trains only. It is one of four stations within the municipality of Kreuzlingen.
The station is located near a landing stage that is served by URh boat lines to Schaffhausen, via Konstanz and Stein am Rhein.

## Services

Kreuzlingen Hafen is served by the S1 and RE1 of the St. Gallen S-Bahn:
* RE1: hourly service between Konstanz and Herisau via Romanshorn and St. Gallen.
* S1: half-hourly service between Schaffhausen and Wil via St. Gallen.
# Twin Buttes Reservoir

Twin Buttes Reservoir is an artificial lake located about 6 mi (9.7 km) southwest of the city of San Angelo, Texas, and immediately upstream from Lake Nasworthy. Construction on Twin Buttes Dam to form the reservoir was completed in 1963. The dam is an unusual one – it dams the Middle and South Concho Rivers separately; a stabilization channel runs between the two sides of the lake. Water levels fell significantly during the 2010–13 Southern United States drought and remained low into 2014.

## Functions

Twin Buttes Reservoir was established to provide flood control, irrigation, water conservation, and a primary drinking water source for San Angelo and the surrounding communities in Tom Green County. The lake also serves as a recreational venue for fishing, boating, and swimming. The dam and reservoir are owned by the United States Bureau of Reclamation, and are managed by the City of San Angelo.

## Design

The Twin Buttes Reservoir has two dams, one on the Middle Concho River and the South Concho River. The length of these two rolled earthfill embankments is approximately 42,000 ft with an elevation of just under 2,000 ft above sea level; however, the water level is an average of 1,985 ft above sea level.

## Fish populations

Twin Buttes Reservoir has been stocked with species of fish intended to improve the utility of the reservoir for recreational fishing. Fish present in the lake include largemouth bass, white bass, catfish, and crappie.

## Vegetation

Three invasive species of vegetation have taken over the land around the reservoir. Along the shoreline is dense saltceder and it grows thick with approximately 3,000 stems per acre. Willow baccharis and Mesquite both grow densely throughout the offshore areas.
# Kabar Ma Kyay Buu

"Kabar Ma Kyay Buu" (Burmese: ကမ္ဘာမကြေဘူး) is a Burmese song written by the Burmese composer Naing Myanmar (also known as Naing Myint Oo). The song is a copy thachin (adapted song) that takes its melody from the 1977 song "Dust in the Wind" by the American rock band Kansas. First gaining prominence during the 8888 Uprising, "Kabar Ma Kyay Buu" has become one of the most significant songs in Myanmar’s pro-democracy movement. It was revived during the 2021 Myanmar coup d'état as a symbol of resistance against the military regime.

## Composition

Naing Myanmar wrote "Kabar Ma Kyay Buu" by setting Burmese lyrics to the melody of "Dust in the Wind". The song is in a soft rock style. According to the composer, he originally intended to create an entirely new melody but did not have the time to compose a fresh tune due to the urgency of the moment.
The song was recorded just days before September 18, 1988, the day Myanmar’s military seized power in a coup. The original vocalists were not professional musicians but a group of 13 student protesters. The instrumentalists were also untrained guitar players. Due to financial constraints, the song was recorded in one of the cheapest studios available in Yangon at the time.
Since cassette tapes were the most common music medium at the time, the recording was distributed using reused cassette tapes. Protesters duplicated and smuggled them to student gatherings and demonstration sites, where they were played to inspire the crowds.

## Lyrics and meaning

Although the melody of "Kabar Ma Kyay Buu" was borrowed, its lyrics quickly made it a defining anthem for Myanmar’s democracy movement. The song’s words express frustration with political oppression, honor fallen revolutionaries, and encourage perseverance in the struggle for democracy.
The song begins with a soft guitar introduction before the chorus is sung by multiple voices:
   "ကမ္ဘာမကြေဘူး… ငါတို့သွေးနဲ့ ရေးခဲ့ကြတဲ့ မော်ကွန်းတွေ… တော်လှန်ရေး… ဒီမိုကရေစီတိုက်ပွဲအတွင်းမှာ ကျဆုံးသော… ဪ… သူရဲကောင်းတို့ရေ...အာဇာနည်တွေ နေတဲ့ တိုင်းပြည်… ကမ္ဘာမကြေဘူး ..... ......"
   "The world will not perish... The banners we wrote with our blood... The revolution... Those who fell in the battle for democracy... Oh... our heroes... the martyrs in the land... The world will not perish..."
Later in the song, the lyrics directly reference Burmese independence heroes Thakin Kodaw Hmaing and Aung San, addressing them as "grandfather" and "father" to symbolize their importance to the nation's struggle. The lyrics urge "brothers and sisters" to keep fighting for democracy, warning against submission and fear. The song vividly describes the suffering and sacrifices made by the people, portraying their bloodshed as a necessary step toward a democratic future.