# Marlborough (UK Parliament constituency)

Marlborough was a parliamentary borough centred on the town of Marlborough in Wiltshire, which elected two Members of Parliament (MPs) to the House of Commons from 1295 until 1868, and then one member from 1868 until 1885, when the borough was abolished.

## Members of Parliament
### 1295–1640

| Parliament | First member | Second member |
| 1386 | Thomas Cryps | John Jenewyne |
| 1388 (Feb) | John Curteys | John Wyly |
| 1388 (Sep) | John Curteys | John Wyly |
| 1390 (Jan) | Thomas Calston | Robert Warner |
| 1390 (Nov) | |
| 1391 | |
| 1393 | John Curteys | Thomas Lechenore |
| 1394 | John Curteys | Richard Frys |
| 1395 | John Curteys | Robert Drake |
| 1397 (Jan) | |
| 1397 (Sep) | John Canynges | Nicholas Cley |
| 1399 | Thomas Cryps | Thomas Cook |
| 1401 | |
| 1402 | Richard Collingbourne | John Bird |
| 1404 (Jan) | |
| 1404 (Oct) | |
| 1406 | Thomas Heose | Nicholas Tympeneye |
| 1407 | |
| 1410 | |
| 1411 | |
| 1413 (Feb) | |
| 1413 (May) | John Bird | William Byllyngtre |
| 1414 (Apr) | Thomas Hathaway | William Alcliffe |
| 1414 (Nov) | Thomas Hathaway | John Bird |
| 1415 | John Bird | Thomas Newman |
| 1416 (Mar) | Thomas Newman | Nicholas Swan |
| 1416 (Oct) | |
| 1417 | William Hungate | Hugh Gower |
| 1419 | |
| 1420 | Hugh Gower | Nicholas Swan |
| 1421 (May) | Hugh Gower | Laurence Fitton |
| 1421 (Dec) | Hugh Gower | John Giles |
| 1455 | Thomas Vaughan |
| 1510–1523 | No names known | No names known |
| 1529 | Edmund Darrell | Henry Bagot |
| 1536 | ? |
| 1539 | ?John Berwick | ?John Thynne |
| 1542 | ?William Barnes | ?John Thynne |
| 1545 | John Thynne | Andrew Baynton |
| 1547 | Humphrey Moseley | Thomas Smith |
| 1553 (Mar) | William Button | Roger Colly |
| 1553 (Oct) | Robert Weare alias Brown | Robert Bithway |
| 1554 (Apr) | Owen Gwyn | Thomas Tyndale |
| 1554 (Nov) | Peter Taylor alias Perce | John Broke |
| 1555 | Andrew Baynton | Gabriel Pleydell |
| 1558 | William Daniell | William Fleetwood |
| 1559 | William Daniell | John Young |
| 1562–3 | Michael Blount | Leonard Dannett |
| 1571 | John Cornwall | Philip Godwyn |
| 1572 | Nicholas St John | John Stanhope |
| 1584 | Henry Ughtred | Edward Stanhope |
| 1586 | Edward Stanhope | Edmund Hungerford |
| 1588 | Richard Wheler | John Cornwall |
| 1593 | Richard Wheler | Anthony Hungerford |
| 1597 | Richard Digges | Richard Wheler |
| 1601 | Richard Digges | Lawrence Hyde |
| 1604–1611 | Lawrence Hyde | Richard Digges |
| 1614 | Richard Digges | Sir Francis Popham |
| 1621 | William Seymour, Lord Beauchamp, ennobled 1621 and replaced by Walter Devereux | Richard Digges |
| 1624 | Sir Francis Seymour | Richard Digges |
| 1625 | Richard Digges | Edward Kyrton |
| 1626 | Richard Digges | Edward Kyrton |
| 1628 | Richard Digges | Henry Piercy |
| 1629–1640 | No Parliaments summoned | No Parliaments summoned |

### 1640–1868

| Year | | First member | First party | | Second member | Second party |
| March 1640 | | Sir William Carnaby | Royalist | | Francis Baskerville | |
| November 1640 | | John Francklyn | Parliamentarian | | Sir Francis Seymour | Royalist |
| 1641 | | John Francklyn | Parliamentarian | | Philip Smith | Parliamentarian |
| 1645 | | Charles Fleetwood | | | Philip Smith | Parliamentarian |
| 1653 | Marlborough was unrepresented in the Barebones Parliament | Marlborough was unrepresented in the Barebones Parliament | Marlborough was unrepresented in the Barebones Parliament | Marlborough was unrepresented in the Barebones Parliament | Marlborough was unrepresented in the Barebones Parliament | Marlborough was unrepresented in the Barebones Parliament |
| 1654 | | Charles Fleetwood | | Marlborough had only one seat in the First and Second Parliaments of the Protectorate | Marlborough had only one seat in the First and Second Parliaments of the Protectorate | Marlborough had only one seat in the First and Second Parliaments of the Protectorate |
| 1656 | | Jerome Sankey | | Marlborough had only one seat in the First and Second Parliaments of the Protectorate | Marlborough had only one seat in the First and Second Parliaments of the Protectorate | Marlborough had only one seat in the First and Second Parliaments of the Protectorate |
| January 1659 | | Thomas Grove | | | James Hayes | |
| May 1659 | | Charles Fleetwood | | | Philip Smith | |
| April 1660 | | Henry Hungerford | | | Jeffrey Daniel | |
| 1661 | | Lord John Seymour | | | Jeffrey Daniel | |
| 1673 | | Sir John Elwes | | | Jeffrey Daniel | |
| February 1679 | | Thomas Bennet | | | Edward Goddard | |
| August 1679 | | Thomas Bennet | | | Lord Bruce | |
| 1685 | | Sir John Ernle | | | Sir George Willoughby | |
| January 1695 | | Sir John Ernle | | | Thomas Bennet | |
| November 1695 | | William Daniell | | | Thomas Bennet | |
| 1698 | | The Earl of Ranelagh | | | William Grinfield | |
| January 1701 | | The Earl of Ranelagh | | | John Jeffreys | |
| November 1701 | | Robert Yard | | | John Jeffreys | |
| July 1702 | | Hon. Robert Bruce | | | John Jeffreys | |
| November 1702 | | Hon. Robert Bruce | | | Edward Jeffreys | |
| May 1705 | | Edward Ashe | | | John Jeffreys | |
| November 1705 | | Earl of Hertford | | | John Jeffreys | |
| May 1708 | | Earl of Hertford | | | Hon. James Bruce | |
| December 1708 | | Sir Edward Ernle | | | Hon. James Bruce | |
| 1710 | | Lord Bruce | | | Hon. Robert Bruce | |
| 1712 | | Richard Jones | | | Hon. Robert Bruce | |
| 1713 | | Gabriel Roberts | | | Hon. Robert Bruce | |
| 1715 | | Sir William Humphreys | | | Joshua Ward | |
| 1717 | | Sir William Humphreys | | | Gabriel Roberts | |
| March 1722 | | Earl of Hertford | | | Gabriel Roberts | |
| October 1722 | | Thomas Gibson | | | Gabriel Roberts | |
| 1727 | | Thomas Gibson | | | Edward Lisle | Tory |
| 1734 | | Francis Seymour | | | Edward Lisle | Tory |
| 1737 | | Francis Seymour | | | John Crawley | |
| 1741 | | Sir John Hynde Cotton, 3rd Baronet | Tory | | John Crawley | |
| 1747 | | Sir John Hynde Cotton, 3rd Baronet | Tory | | John Talbot | |
| 1752 | | Sir John Hynde Cotton, 4th Baronet | | | John Talbot | |
| 1754 | | Sir John Hynde Cotton, 4th Baronet | | | Hon. John Ward | |
| 1761 | | Lord Brudenell | | | Colonel the Hon. Robert Brudenell | Tory |
| 1762 | | (Sir) James Long | Tory | | Colonel the Hon. Robert Brudenell | Tory |
| 1768 | | (Sir) James Long | Tory | | Hon. James Brudenell | Tory |
| 1780 | | The Earl of Courtown | Tory | | William Woodley | Tory |
| 1784 | | The Earl of Courtown | Tory | | Sir Philip Hales | Tory |
| 1790 | | The Earl of Courtown | Tory | | Major-General the Hon. Thomas Bruce | Tory |
| 1793 | | Earl of Dalkeith | Tory | | Major-General the Hon. Thomas Bruce | Tory |
| 1796 | | Lord Bruce (replaced on inheriting his father's earldom in April 1814) | Tory | | Hon. James Bruce | Tory |
| 1797 | | Lord Bruce (replaced on inheriting his father's earldom in April 1814) | Tory | | Robert Brudenell | Tory |
| 1802 | | Lord Bruce (replaced on inheriting his father's earldom in April 1814) | Tory | | James Henry Leigh | Tory |
| 1806 | | Lord Bruce (replaced on inheriting his father's earldom in April 1814) | Tory | | Earl of Dalkeith | Tory |
| 1807 | | Lord Bruce (replaced on inheriting his father's earldom in April 1814) | Tory | | Viscount Stopford | Tory |
| 1810 | | Lord Bruce (replaced on inheriting his father's earldom in April 1814) | Tory | | Edward Stopford | Tory |
| 1814 | | William Hill | Tory | | Edward Stopford | Tory |
| 1818 | | John Wodehouse | Tory | | Lord Brudenell | Tory |
| 1826 | | Earl Bruce | Tory | | Lord Brudenell | Tory |
| 13 March 1829 | | Thomas Bucknall-Estcourt | Tory | | Lord Brudenell | Tory |
| 23 March 1829 | | Thomas Bucknall-Estcourt | Tory | | William John Bankes | Tory |
| 1832 | | Lord Ernest Bruce | Tory | | Henry Bingham Baring | Tory |
| 1834 | | Lord Ernest Bruce | Conservative | | Henry Bingham Baring | Conservative |
| 1847 | | Lord Ernest Bruce | Peelite | | Henry Bingham Baring | Peelite |
| 1859 | | Lord Ernest Bruce | Liberal | | Henry Bingham Baring | Liberal |
| 1868 | Representation reduced to one member | Representation reduced to one member | Representation reduced to one member | Representation reduced to one member | Representation reduced to one member | Representation reduced to one member |

### 1868–1885

| Year | | Member | Party |
| 1868 | | Lord Ernest Bruce | Liberal |
| 1878 | | Lord Charles Bruce | Liberal |
| 1885 | Constituency abolished | Constituency abolished | Constituency abolished |

## Election results
### Elections in the 1830s

General election 1830: Marlborough :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Tory | T. H. S. Bucknall-Estcourt | Unopposed | Unopposed |
| | Tory | William John Bankes | Unopposed | Unopposed |
| | Whig | Alexander Charles Malet | | |
| | Whig | John Mirehouse | | |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | c. 12 | |
| | Tory hold | Tory hold | Tory hold | Tory hold |
| | Tory hold | Tory hold | Tory hold | Tory hold |
* The mayor refused to accept the nominations of Malet and Mirehouse, and Bucknall-Estcourt and Bankes were declared elected unopposed.
General election 1831: Marlborough :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Tory | T. H. S. Bucknall-Estcourt | Unopposed | Unopposed |
| | Tory | William John Bankes | Unopposed | Unopposed |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | c. 12 | |
| | Tory hold | Tory hold | Tory hold | Tory hold |
| | Tory hold | Tory hold | Tory hold | Tory hold |
General election 1832: Marlborough :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Tory | Ernest Brudenell-Bruce | 135 | 41.4 |
| | Tory | Henry Bingham Baring | 118 | 36.2 |
| | Whig | Alexander Charles Malet | 73 | 22.4 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 45 | 13.8 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 170 | 70.8 |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 240 | |
| | Tory hold | Tory hold | Tory hold | Tory hold |
| | Tory hold | Tory hold | Tory hold | Tory hold |
General election 1835: Marlborough :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Conservative | Ernest Brudenell-Bruce | Unopposed | Unopposed |
| | Conservative | Henry Bingham Baring | Unopposed | Unopposed |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 280 | |
| | Conservative hold | Conservative hold | Conservative hold | Conservative hold |
| | Conservative hold | Conservative hold | Conservative hold | Conservative hold |
General election 1837: Marlborough :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Conservative | Ernest Brudenell-Bruce | Unopposed | Unopposed |
| | Conservative | Henry Bingham Baring | Unopposed | Unopposed |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 280 | |
| | Conservative hold | Conservative hold | Conservative hold | Conservative hold |
| | Conservative hold | Conservative hold | Conservative hold | Conservative hold |

### Elections in the 1840s

General election 1841: Marlborough :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Conservative | Henry Bingham Baring | Unopposed | Unopposed | Unopposed |
| | Conservative | Ernest Brudenell-Bruce | Unopposed | Unopposed | Unopposed |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 282 | | |
| | Conservative hold | Conservative hold | Conservative hold | Conservative hold | Conservative hold |
| | Conservative hold | Conservative hold | Conservative hold | Conservative hold | Conservative hold |
Baring was appointed a Lord Commissioner of the Treasury and Bruce was appointed Vice-Chamberlain of the Household, requiring by-elections.
By-election, 14 September 1841: Marlborough :
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| Conservative | Henry Bingham Baring | Unopposed | Unopposed | Unopposed |
| Conservative | Ernest Brudenell-Bruce | Unopposed | Unopposed | Unopposed |
| Conservative hold | Conservative hold | Conservative hold | Conservative hold | Conservative hold |
| Conservative hold | Conservative hold | Conservative hold | Conservative hold | Conservative hold |
General election 1847: Marlborough :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Peelite | Henry Bingham Baring | Unopposed | Unopposed | Unopposed |
| | Peelite | Ernest Brudenell-Bruce | Unopposed | Unopposed | Unopposed |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 262 | | |
| | Peelite gain from Conservative | Peelite gain from Conservative | Peelite gain from Conservative | Peelite gain from Conservative | Peelite gain from Conservative |
| | Peelite gain from Conservative | Peelite gain from Conservative | Peelite gain from Conservative | Peelite gain from Conservative | Peelite gain from Conservative |

### Elections in the 1850s

General election 1852: Marlborough :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Peelite | Henry Bingham Baring | Unopposed | Unopposed | Unopposed |
| | Peelite | Ernest Brudenell-Bruce | Unopposed | Unopposed | Unopposed |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 271 | | |
| | Peelite hold | Peelite hold | Peelite hold | Peelite hold | Peelite hold |
| | Peelite hold | Peelite hold | Peelite hold | Peelite hold | Peelite hold |
Brudenell-Bruce was appointed Vice-Chamberlain of the Household, requiring a by-election.
By-election, 4 January 1853: Marlborough :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Peelite | Ernest Brudenell-Bruce | Unopposed | Unopposed | Unopposed |
| | Peelite hold | Peelite hold | Peelite hold | Peelite hold | Peelite hold |
General election 1857: Marlborough :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Peelite | Ernest Brudenell-Bruce | 184 | 51.1 | N/A |
| | Peelite | Henry Bingham Baring | 125 | 34.7 | N/A |
| | Conservative | William David Lewis | 51 | 14.2 | N/A |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 74 | 20.5 | N/A |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 180 (est) | 74.4 (est) | N/A |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 275 | | |
| | Peelite hold | Peelite hold | Peelite hold | Peelite hold | Peelite hold |
| | Peelite hold | Peelite hold | Peelite hold | Peelite hold | Peelite hold |
General election 1859: Marlborough :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Liberal | Henry Bingham Baring | Unopposed | Unopposed | Unopposed |
| | Liberal | Ernest Brudenell-Bruce | Unopposed | Unopposed | Unopposed |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 281 | | |
| | Liberal hold | Liberal hold | Liberal hold | Liberal hold | Liberal hold |
| | Liberal hold | Liberal hold | Liberal hold | Liberal hold | Liberal hold |

### Elections in the 1860s

General election 1865: Marlborough :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Liberal | Henry Bingham Baring | Unopposed | Unopposed | Unopposed |
| | Liberal | Ernest Brudenell-Bruce | Unopposed | Unopposed | Unopposed |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 275 | | |
| | Liberal hold | Liberal hold | Liberal hold | Liberal hold | Liberal hold |
| | Liberal hold | Liberal hold | Liberal hold | Liberal hold | Liberal hold |
Seat reduced to one member
General election 1868: Marlborough :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Liberal | Ernest Brudenell-Bruce | Unopposed | Unopposed | Unopposed |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 616 | | |
| | Liberal hold | Liberal hold | Liberal hold | Liberal hold | Liberal hold |

### Elections in the 1870s

General election 1874: Marlborough :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Liberal | Ernest Brudenell-Bruce | Unopposed | Unopposed | Unopposed |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 659 | | |
| | Liberal hold | Liberal hold | Liberal hold | Liberal hold | Liberal hold |
Brudenell-Bruce succeeded to the peerage, becoming Marquess of Ailesbury.
By-election, 31 January 1878: Marlborough :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Liberal | Charles Bruce | Unopposed | Unopposed | Unopposed |
| | Liberal hold | Liberal hold | Liberal hold | Liberal hold | Liberal hold |

### Elections in the 1880s

General election 1880: Marlborough :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Liberal | Charles Bruce | 333 | 58.2 | N/A |
| | Conservative | Henry Brudenell-Bruce | 239 | 41.8 | New |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 94 | 16.4 | N/A |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 572 | 85.6 | N/A |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 668 | | |
| | Liberal hold | Liberal hold | Swing | N/A | |
Bruce was appointed Vice-Chamberlain of the Household, requiring a by-election.
By-election, 8 May 1880: Marlborough :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Liberal | Charles Bruce | Unopposed | Unopposed | Unopposed |
| | Liberal hold | Liberal hold | Liberal hold | Liberal hold | Liberal hold |

## References and sources
### References

* 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 "History of Parliament". History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 30 October 2011.
* ↑ "Vaughan, Sir Thomas". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. 2004. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/28147. Retrieved 2 December 2011. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
* 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 "History of Parliament". History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 30 October 2011.
* 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 "History of Parliament". History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 30 October 2011.
* ↑ Hertford was re-elected in 1708, but had also been elected for Northumberland, which he chose to represent, and did not sit again for Marlborough
* ↑ On petition, Ward was declared not to have been duly elected
* ↑ Hertford was also elected for Northumberland, which he chose to represent, and did not sit again for Marlborough
* ↑ Lisle was re-elected in 1734, but had also been elected for Hampshire; however, the result there was disputed. He continued to sit for Marlborough until the Hampshire petition was withdrawn in 1737, then chose to sit for Hampshire for the rest of the Parliament
* 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 Stooks Smith, Henry (1845). The Parliaments of England, from 1st George I., to the Present Time. Vol II: Oxfordshire to Wales Inclusive. London: Simpkin, Marshall, & Co. pp. 117–119.
* ↑ Succeeded as baronet and adopted the surname Tylney-Long in 1767
* ↑ "No. 16898". The London Gazette. 14 May 1814. p. 1009.
* 1 2 Saunders, Robert (2016). Democracy and the Vote in British Politics, 1848–1867: The Making of the Second Reform Act. Abingdon: Routledge. pp. 203–204. ISBN 978-1-4094-1794-1. Retrieved 28 May 2018.
* 1 2 "Peelites". National Portrait Gallery. Retrieved 28 May 2018.
* 1 2 "Marlborough". Londonderry Standard. 6 August 1847. p. 1. Retrieved 28 May 2018 – via British Newspaper Archive.
* 1 2 Farrell, Stephen. "Marlborough". The History of Parliament. Retrieved 18 April 2020.
* 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Craig, F. W. S., ed. (1977). British Parliamentary Election Results 1832–1885 (e-book) (1st ed.). London: Macmillan Press. pp. 208–209. ISBN 978-1-349-02349-3.
* ↑ "Marlborough". Reading Mercury. 4 April 1857. p. 5. Retrieved 28 May 2018 – via British Newspaper Archive.

### Sources

* Robert Beatson, A Chronological Register of Both Houses of Parliament (London: Longman, Hurst, Res & Orme, 1807)
* D Brunton & D H Pennington, Members of the Long Parliament (London: George Allen & Unwin, 1954)
* Cobbett's Parliamentary history of England, from the Norman Conquest in 1066 to the year 1803 (London: Thomas Hansard, 1808)
* F W S Craig, British Parliamentary Election Results 1832–1885 (2nd edition, Aldershot: Parliamentary Research Services, 1989)
* J Holladay Philbin, Parliamentary Representation 1832 – England and Wales (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1965)
* Leigh Rayment's Historical List of MPs – Constituencies beginning with "M" (part 1)