# Copa Airlines

Compañía Panameña de Aviación, S.A., branded as Copa Airlines, is the flag carrier of Panama. It is headquartered in Panama City, Panama, with its main hub at Tocumen International Airport. Copa is a subsidiary of Copa Holdings and a member of the Star Alliance. The airline is owned by Copa Holdings, which also owns Colombian airline AeroRepública, which operates under the brands Wingo and Copa Airlines Colombia.
Copa was founded in 1947 and it began domestic operations to three cities in Panama shortly afterwards. The airline abandoned its domestic operations in 1980, in favor of international flights. In 1998, Copa formed a partnership with Continental Airlines, adopting a similar brand image.

## History
### Inauguration

On June 21, 1944, Panamanian investors joined forces with Pan American World Airways (Pan Am) to launch Compañía Panameña de Aviación (Spanish for 'Panamanian Aviation Company'), soon known simply by its acronym, Copa. Pan Am took a 32% stake in the company. Operations started on August 15, 1947, with three Douglas C-47 aircraft on domestic routes in Panama. The 1960s marked Copa's entry into the international arena, offering flights to Costa Rica, Jamaica, and Colombia. Pan Am divested its stake in Copa in 1971, leaving the airline under Panamanian control.
The 1980s saw a strategic shift for Copa as they discontinued domestic flights to focus solely on international travel and acquired its first jet, a Boeing 737-100. Until the early 1980s, the airline had significant competition from Air Panamá Internacional, which had a higher profile.

### Expansion years

Expansion continued during the 1990s, when it began service to Buenos Aires, Argentina; Santiago, Chile; Bogotá, Colombia; Havana, Cuba; Guayaquil, Ecuador; Lima, Peru; Mexico City, Mexico; Caracas, Venezuela; and many other important Latin American cities.
In 1992, Copa Airlines signed a strategic alliance with TACA Airlines (now Avianca El Salvador), and the airline began flying from Tocumen International Airport, making it the first flight connection center in Latin America. As a result, Tocumen was dubbed the “Hub of the Americas,” and several Latin American airlines such as LACSA of Costa Rica, Aviateca of Guatemala, and NICA of Nicaragua joined the alliance. The alliance ended in 1998 when the six-year agreement expired.
A defining moment arrived in 1998 with a significant investment by Continental Airlines. This led to the formation of Copa Holdings, a holding company for Copa Airlines, which was 49% owned by Continental. The investment also included a strategic alliance, fostering code-sharing, marketing initiatives, and technical collaboration. Since then, Copa's fleet has grown significantly, boasting 97 aircraft as of 2023. Copa has adopted a livery and corporate logo similar to Continental's (now United). Copa participated in the OnePass frequent flyer program until Continental's merger with United Airlines. Continental gradually reduced its ownership, eventually exiting entirely by 2008.
In 2000, Copa Airlines inaugurated service to Los Angeles, Cancún, and Orlando, as well as to São Paulo; in 2001, it began service to Quito, Ecuador. In 2004, it began service to John F. Kennedy International Airport in New York City. Copa also announced in August of that year a codeshare agreement with Mexico's Mexicana de Aviación, which lasted until 2007.
On June 1, 2005, Copa Airlines acquired 90% of the Colombian domestic air carrier AeroRepública, having earlier announced a codeshare plan with the carrier. Copa rebranded AeroRepública to Copa Airlines Colombia in 2010, increased destinations and modernized the fleet. On December 15, 2005, parent company Copa Holdings, S.A., launched an IPO of 14 million shares on the New York Stock Exchange thus becoming the fourth Latin American airline to be traded on the exchange, after LAN Airlines of Chile and Brazilian carriers Gol Transportes Aéreos and TAM Airlines.
In 2006, Copa Airlines began service to six new destinations: Manaus, Brazil; Maracaibo, Venezuela; Montevideo, Uruguay; Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; San Pedro Sula, Honduras; and Santiago de los Caballeros, Dominican Republic. In addition, Copa Airlines took delivery of six Embraer 190s and two Boeing 737s. In 2007, Copa Airlines added services to Córdoba, Argentina; Guadalajara, Mexico; Punta Cana, Dominican Republic; and Washington, D.C. Copa Airlines added four Embraer 190s and two Boeing 737s (-800 series). That same year, the airline joined the SkyTeam alliance as an associate member.
During 2008, Copa Airlines added five new destinations and received four Embraer 190s and one Boeing 737-800. The new destinations are Port of Spain, Trinidad and Tobago; Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Valencia, Venezuela; Oranjestad, Aruba; and Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Bolivia. In May 2008, Continental Airlines sold its remaining 4.38 million shares of Copa Airlines for $35.75 a share, yielding a net profit of approximately $149.8 million.
That same year, Copa Airlines' CEO Pedro Heilbron announced on the ALTA airline leaders forum in Cancún that the airline had decided to leave SkyTeam and were in exclusive talks with Star Alliance.
In 2009, Copa Airlines announced it would withdraw from SkyTeam on October 24, the same date that partner Continental Airlines left the alliance. The company added two Boeing 737-800s. and announced a firm order for 13 Boeing 737-800s with the new Boeing signature "Sky Interior".
In 2010, Copa Airlines began service to St. Maarten, received nine Boeing 737-800s and announced that it would join Star Alliance in mid-2012 to rejoin old partner Continental Airlines (now United). That same year, Copa Airlines announced a firm order to purchase 32 Boeing 737-800 planes valued at $1.7 billion, thus becoming the largest plane order in the airline's history. The Boeing 737-800 are set for delivery between 2015 and 2018, with an option to acquire ten additional 737-800 aircraft.
In 2011, Copa Airlines began service to Toronto; Brasília and Porto Alegre, Brazil; Chicago; Cúcuta, Colombia; Montego Bay, Jamaica; Monterrey, Mexico and Asunción, Paraguay; and Nassau, The Bahamas. It also passed from a four bank hub to a six bank hub and increased frequencies to several destinations.
That same year, Copa Airlines launched a mobile version of its website (m.copaair.com), giving passengers the chance to get a mobile pass and check flight status and other services. Additionally, the airline announced a new codeshare agreement with TAME, which became effective in January 2012. Copa Airlines also became the first airline in Latin America to have the new Boeing 737-800NG Sky Interior with improved performance in its fleet.
In 2012, the company announced five new destinations: Las Vegas, United States; Recife, Brazil; Willemstad, Curaçao; Liberia, Costa Rica; and Iquitos, Peru. In June of the same year, Copa Airlines became an official member of Star Alliance along with AviancaTaca.
Copa also increased flight frequencies to several destinations and inaugurated an interline agreement with Air Panama (Panama's second-largest airline) which consists of the linkage of all tourist destinations in Panama with those in Latin America. The agreement became effective June 1, 2012, when Air Panama began flights from Tocumen airport to Isla Colón, Bocas del Toro.
In 2013, Copa increased the frequency to several destinations and included two new destinations in the United States: Boston and Tampa.
Aviation Partners Boeing (APB) announced on 10 October 2013, that Copa Airlines placed an order to retrofit some of its existing Boeing Next Generation 737s' blended winglets with APB's new split scimitar winglets, as part of its environmental strategy. The new APB winglet technology will save Copa more than $21 million in jet fuel costs fleetwide and more than 63,000 tons of carbon dioxide CO$_2$ outputs per year.
In January 2014, Copa Airlines announced three new destinations and revealed its business strategy for the year, which included the delivery of eight new Boeing 737-800 aircraft and the increase of flight frequencies to some destinations. The new destinations are Montreal, Canada; Fort Lauderdale, United States and Georgetown, Guyana. In July, it added Campinas, Brazil; and Santa Clara, Cuba. In April 2014, Copa Airlines became the first airline in Latin America and the third in the world to implement the Split Scimitar Winglets on its Boeing 737 NG fleet.
In January 2015, the airline achieved a milestone in its history when it re-launched daily domestic flights to David, Chiriquí, the first ones since the closure of the route three decades earlier. Also, Copa Airlines announced new flights to Villahermosa and Puebla, Mexico; and New Orleans, United States. Three months later, the airline announced another new destination In the U.S: San Francisco, California, United States. In July 2015, Copa Airlines announced service to Belize City which began in December 2015.
In April 2015, the airline announced an order for 61 Boeing 737 MAX 8/9 aircraft worth $6.6 billion at list price.
On June 21, 2016, the airline started flights to Holguín. On June 28, 2016, the airline started flights to Chiclayo. On July 1, 2016, the airline started flights to Rosario.
In December 2016, Wingo, a Colombia based low cost airline owned by Copa, began operations.
On November 15, 2017, the airline started flights to Mendoza, Argentina. On December 11, 2017, the airline started flights to Denver, United States.
On January 29, 2018, Copa Airlines announced that it would start flights to Bridgetown, Barbados on July 17, 2018; Fortaleza, Brazil on July 18, 2018; and Salvador da Bahia, Brazil on July 24, 2018.
On December 12, 2018, the airline started flights to Salta, Argentina. On December 16, 2018, the airline started flights to Puerto Vallarta, Mexico.
On January 17, 2019, the airline announced flights to Paramaribo, Suriname; which commenced on July 6, 2019.
On December 2, 2021, the airline started flights to Armenia, Colombia. On December 6, 2021, the airline restarted flights to Cúcuta, Colombia. On December 12, 2021, the airline started flights to Atlanta, United States.
On June 28, 2022, the airline started flights to Santa Marta, Colombia. On June 30, 2022, the airline started flights to Barcelona, Venezuela. On September 26, 2022, the airline started flights to Mexico City's new secondary airport, Felipe Ángeles International Airport.
On June 27, 2023, the airline started flights to Manta, Ecuador. On June 28, 2023, the airline started flights to Baltimore, Maryland. On July 6, 2023, the airline started flights to Austin, Texas. On October 17, 2023, the airline started flights to Barquisimeto, Venezuela. On June 21, 2024, the airline started flights to Raleigh, North Carolina. On June 25, 2024, the airline started flights to Florianopolis, Brazil. On June 26, 2024, the airline started flights to Tulum, Mexico.
On July 31, 2024, the airline was forced to suspend its flights to Venezuela in response to the 2024 Venezuelan political crisis.

## Corporate affairs

The key trends for Copa Airlines are (as of the financial year ending 31 December):
| | Revenue (US$ m) | Net profit (US$ m) | Number of employees | Number of passengers (m) | Load factor (%) | Number of destinations | Number of served countries | Fleet size |
| 2012 | 2,163 | 326 | 8,277 | 10.2 | 75.4 | 64 | 29 | 83 |
| 2013 | 2,519 | 427 | 8,644 | 11.3 | 76.7 | 66 | 29 | 90 |
| 2014 | 2,619 | 361 | 9,267 | 11.6 | 76.7 | 69 | 30 | 98 |
| 2015 | 2,253 | −240 | 9,302 | 11.8 | 75.2 | 73 | 31 | 100 |
| 2016 | 2,219 | 323 | 8,733 | 12.8 | 80.4 | 73 | 31 | 99 |
| 2017 | 2,521 | 362 | 9,045 | 14.2 | 83.2 | 75 | 31 | 106 |
| 2018 | 2,677 | 88.1 | 9,450 | 15.1 | 83.4 | 80 | 32 | 105 |
| 2019 | 2,707 | 247 | 8,877 | 15.4 | 84.8 | 80 | 33 | 102 |
| 2020 | 760 | −607 | 5,667 | | 79.6 | 54 | 25 | 77 |
| 2021 | 1,412 | 43.8 | 6,127 | 9.5 | 78.6 | 69 | 29 | 91 |
| 2022 | 2,824 | 348 | 7,265 | 15.7 | 85.1 | 78 | 32 | 97 |
| 2023 | 3,316 | 514 | 7,625 | | 86.8 | 82 | 32 | 106 |

## Destinations

As of June 2024, Copa Airlines serves 32 countries and 85 destinations in North America, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean.

### Codeshare agreements

Copa Airlines codeshares with the following airlines:
* Air Europa
* Air France
* All Nippon Airways
* Asiana Airlines
* Avianca
* Azul Brazilian Airlines
* Emirates
* EVA Air
* Gol Transportes Aéreos
* Iberia
* KLM
* Lufthansa
* Turkish Airlines
* United Airlines

## Fleet
### Current fleet

As of December 2024, Copa Airlines operates an all-Boeing fleet composed of the following aircraft:
Copa Airlines Fleet :
| Aircraft | In service | Orders | Passengers | Passengers | Passengers | Passengers | Passengers | Notes |
| Aircraft | In service | Orders | J | W | Y+ | Y | Total | Notes |
| Boeing 737-700 | 9 | — | 12 | — | — | 114 | 126 | |
| Boeing 737-800 | 58 | — | 16 | — | 24 | 120 | 160 | One aircraft to be converted into freighter. |
| Boeing 737-800 | 58 | — | 16 | — | 24 | 126 | 166 | One aircraft to be converted into freighter. |
| Boeing 737 MAX 8 | 3 | 37 | 16 | 24 | — | 126 | 166 | The Number of aircraft per variant has yet to be determined. |
| Boeing 737 MAX 9 | 32 | 37 | 16 | 24 | — | 126 | 166 | The Number of aircraft per variant has yet to be determined. |
| Boeing 737 MAX 9 | 32 | 37 | 12 | 24 | — | 138 | 174 | The Number of aircraft per variant has yet to be determined. |
| Boeing 737 MAX 10 | — | 15 | TBA | TBA | TBA | TBA | TBA | |
| Copa Airlines Cargo Fleet |||||||||
| Boeing 737-800BCF | 1 | 1 | Cargo | Cargo | Cargo | Cargo | Cargo | Operated by Wingo Panama |
| Total | 103 | 53 | | | | | | |

### Former fleet

Copa Airlines formerly operated the following aircraft:
Copa Airlines Former Fleet :
| Aircraft | Total | Introduced | Retired | Notes |
| Boeing 707-320C | 1 | 1993 | 1994 | |
| Boeing 727-100 | 1 | 1985 | 1987 | Leased from Evergreen International Airlines |
| Boeing 737-100 | 1 | 1980 | 1980 | Leased from Air Florida |
| Boeing 737-100 | 1 | 1988 | 1993 | Written off as Flight 301 |
| Boeing 737-200 | 21 | 1988 | 2005 | |
| Boeing 737-200 | 1 | 1988 | 1992 | Crashed as Flight 201 |
| Boeing 737-700 | 11 | 1999 | 2020 | Early retirement accelerated due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Leased from four United Airlines |
| Convair CV-240 | 1 | 1968 | 1969 | |
| Convair CV-340 | 1 | 1968 | 1974 | |
| Curtiss C-46 Commando | 3 | 1956 | 1960 | |
| Douglas C-47 Skytrain | 3 | 1947 | 1982 | |
| Douglas DC-6B | 1 | 1981 | 1982 | |
| Embraer 190AR | 15 | 2005 | 2020 | Leased from Alliance Airlines |
| Hawker Siddeley HS 748 | 2 | 1969 | 1978 | |
| Lockheed L-188A Electra | 3 | 1971 | 1986 | |
| Martin 4-0-4 | 1 | 1961 | 1965 | |

## Liveries

Since its founding in 1947, Copa Airlines used several liveries during the update of its fleet from turboprops to jetliners. Also, it has special liveries within its fleet. In November 2003, in honor of the 100th anniversary of the Republic of Panama, Copa Airlines adorned its fleet of Boeing 737-700s with a special livery depicting the official centennial logo and portrait of the first president of Panama, Manuel Amador Guerrero.
On 6 March 2012, a new Copa Airlines Boeing 737-800 (registered HP-1728CMP) carried the Star Alliance livery. Also, it introduced a redesigned font style in the Copa Airlines' logo. This plane was inactive until 21 June, when it was exhibited in the celebration of the company's official integration to Star Alliance. The aircraft began service six days later, making the first scheduled non-stop passenger flight from Panama to Las Vegas. On 30 May 2012, another new Boeing 737-800 (registered HP-1823CMP) received the Star Alliance livery.
Copa received a new Boeing 737-800 (registered HP-1825CMP) in October 2012, sporting a livery depicting Frank Gehry's Biomuseo, a museum that opened in Panama City in October 2013.
In March 2013, a newly built Boeing 737-800 for Copa Airlines (registered HP-1830CMP) was painted with the Star Alliance livery scheme. This was the third aircraft in the fleet with the former Star Alliance livery.
In August 2014, Copa Airlines worked with the Panama Canal Authority to launch a special campaign in honor of the 100th anniversary of the Panama Canal. The campaign included the implementation of a special livery, which has a graphic image of the locks, on the back of two Boeing 737-800 aircraft and is expected to be implemented on more than 40 aircraft of the fleet.
From 1947 to present, Copa Airlines has used the following liveries:
* Compañia Panameña de Aviación (1947–1961)
* Vuele Copa (1961–1965)
* Copa Panama (original) - White fuselage with a red or green cheatline (1965–1971)
* Copa Panama (1st upgrade) - Red and orange cheatline with white fuselage (1971–1980)
* Copa Panama (2nd upgrade) - Red and yellow cheatline with white fuselage (1980–1990)
* Copa "Billboard Style" - Red and yellow cheatline with white fuselage, and "Copa" logo in the front part of the widebody and tail (1990–1999)
* Copa Airlines (original) - White and gray fuselage, with gold cheatline in the middle, and the well-known globe logo. This livery is similar to Continental Airlines' 1991 livery, except the "globe" icon is of a different design (1999–2012)
* Copa Airlines (1st upgrade) - Same as the original, but "Copa Airlines" is now in sans serif typeface, similar to the font used by United Airlines (2012–present)

## Services
### Business Class

Business seats are available on all aircraft. Business Class passengers check in at separate counters and are given priority with boarding and baggage handling, access to the Copa/United Club and other airline lounges, and bonus miles for the Copa ConnectMiles program. In-flight service includes pre-departure beverages, multi-course meals, and pillows and blankets (depending on the type and duration of the flight) on all international flights. Business Class also either equipped with reclinable leather seats with footrests and adjustable headrest or a lie-flat bed product on their 737MAX fleet which also includes a 120V power outlet, a large tray table, a USB port, and personal Audio-Video-on-Demand (AVOD) screen.

### Economy Class

Economy seats are available on all aircraft. Economy seats on new Boeing 737-800s feature an adjustable headrest and a personal AVOD with a 5-inch (13 cm) touch screen, while older 737-800s provide entertainment on flip down screens above the seats. All Boeing 737 are also equipped with a radio antenna, which allows passengers to listen a wide list of songs and instrumentals from twelve channels. Food and snacks are available on domestic, short, and some medium-haul international flights. Full meals are complimentary on all other medium and long-haul international flights. Alcoholic drinks are complimentary for economy passengers on all flights.
Additionally, the main cabin has 24 Economy Extra seats, with more space, more entertainment options, and more comfort. Also, the Main Cabin has USB ports at each seat and larger overhead bins.

### ConnectMiles

ConnectMiles is Copa Airlines' frequent flyer program, offering frequent travelers the ability to purchase tickets with miles. Customers accrue miles from flight segments flown on Copa Airlines, United Airlines, and other Star Alliance member airlines. Benefits of Premier status include priority check-in, priority boarding, complimentary upgrades, and discounted airport lounge memberships (United Club/Copa Club). Due to the Continental-United merger, Copa Airlines phased out the OnePass frequent flyer program on December 31, 2011, and adopted the MileagePlus program on March 3, 2012.
In March 2015, Copa Airlines announced that it would phase out the MileagePlus program in favor of a new frequent flyer program called ConnectMiles. The new program was fully implemented on July 1, 2015.

### Copa Club

Copa Club is the membership airport lounge program of Copa Airlines jointly operated with United Airlines. The flagship Copa Club lounge is located in its hub at Tocumen International Airport in Panama City. The lounges offer amenities for travelers and members also have access to affiliated lounges around the world. The Copa Club locations in Central America and the Caribbean includes:
* Augusto César Sandino International Airport (Nicaragua)
* Juan Santamaria International Airport (Costa Rica)
* Las Américas International Airport (Santo Domingo)
* La Aurora International Airport (Guatemala)
* Eldorado International Airport (Bogota)
* Jose Maria Cordova International Airport (Medellin)
* Tocumen International Airport (Panama)

## Incidents and accidents

During its history, Copa Airlines had the following incidents and accidents:
Copa Airlines reported incidents :
| Flight | Date | Aircraft | Location | Description | Casualties | Casualties | Casualties | Casualties | Casualties |
| Flight | Date | Aircraft | Location | Description | Fatal | Serious | Minor | Uninjured | Ground |
| 201 | June 6, 1992 | Boeing 737-200 | near Tucutí, Darien | Flight 201, a leased Boeing 737-200 Advanced (registered HP-1205CMP), flipped and crashed in the Darién Gap during a flight from Panama City to Cali after an instrument failure, killing all 40 passengers and 7 crew members on board. This is the only fatal accident in Copa Airlines history to date. | 47 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 301 | November 19, 1993 | Boeing 737-100 | Tocumen International Airport | The plane (registered HP-873CMP) was damaged beyond repair when it veered off the runway upon landing at Tocumen International Airport at 19:19 local time following a flight from Miami, Florida, with 86 passengers and six crew members. The pilots could not properly align the aircraft with the runway because of severe crosswinds, which led to the nose gear being torn off. There were no reported injuries. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 92 | 0 |

### Hijackings

Since its foundation in 1947, Copa Airlines has suffered one hijacking attempt:
* On 7 August 1994, a hijacking attempt occurred on board a Copa flight from Panama City to Guatemala City. Then it was reported as a misunderstanding by Panamanian authorities.