OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Number needed to harm

In medicine, the number needed to harm (NNH) is an epidemiological measure that indicates how many persons on average need to be exposed to a risk factor over a specific period to cause harm in an average of one person who would not otherwise have been harmed. It is defined as the inverse of the absolute risk increase, and computed as $1/(I_{e}-I_{u})$, where $I_{e}$ is the incidence in the treated (exposed) group, and $I_{u}$ is the incidence in the control (unexposed) group. Intuitively, the lower the number needed to harm, the worse the risk factor, with 1 meaning that every exposed person is harmed.
NNH is similar to number needed to treat (NNT), where NNT usually refers to a positive therapeutic result and NNH to a detrimental effect or risk factor.
Marginal metrics:
* NNT for an additional beneficial outcome (NNTB)
* NNT for an additional harmful outcome (NNTH)
are also used.

## Relevance

The NNH is an important measure in evidence-based medicine and helps physicians decide whether it is prudent to proceed with a particular treatment which may expose the patient to harms while providing therapeutic benefits. If a clinical endpoint is devastating enough without the drug (e.g. death, heart attack), drugs with a low NNH may still be indicated in particular situations if the NNT is smaller than the NNH. However, there are several important problems with the NNH, involving bias and lack of reliable confidence intervals, as well as difficulties in excluding the possibility of no difference between two treatments or groups.

## Numerical example

Example of risk increase :
| Quantity | Experimental group (E) | Control group (C) | Total |
| Events (E) | EE = 75 | CE = 100 | 175 |
| Non-events (N) | EN = 75 | CN = 150 | 225 |
| Total subjects (S) | ES = EE + EN = 150 | CS = CE + CN = 250 | 400 |
| Event rate (ER) | EER = EE / ES = 0.5, or 50% | CER = CE / CS = 0.4, or 40% | — |
| Variable | Abbr. | Formula | Value |
| Absolute risk increase | ARI | EER − CER | 0.1, or 10% |
| Number needed to harm | NNH | 1 / (EER − CER) | 10 |
| Relative risk (risk ratio) | RR | EER / CER | 1.25 |
| Relative risk increase | RRI | (EER − CER) / CER, or RR − 1 | 0.25, or 25% |
| Attributable fraction among the exposed | AF$_e$ | (EER − CER) / EER | 0.2 |
| Odds ratio | OR | (EE / EN) / (CE / CN) | 1.5 |
# Shaheen Siddique

Shaheen Siddique (born 21 February 1989) is an Indian actor who appears in Malayalam films. The son of film actor Siddique, Shaheen made his debut with the Malayalam film Pathemari (2015) directed by National Award winner Salim Ahamed. He plays the role of Mammootty's son in the film. He also starred in director G. Marthandan's second directorial venture titled Acha Dhin (2015).

## Personal life

Shaheen completed his schooling from The Choice School. After his education, Shaheen took business as his career, appearing in films occasionally. He is married to Amrutha Das with whom he has a daughter, born on July 10, 2024.

## Film career

Shaheen was invited to make his filmy debut in Pathemari (2015) directed by Salim Ahamed. He plays a guy in his early 20s, the son of Pallickkal Narayanan and Nalini played by Mammootty and Jewel Mary respectively. Siddique also plays an important role in the movie, but there are no combination scenes of the father and the son. He has also starred in director G. Marthandan's second directorial venture titled Acha Din. Shaheen acted in a short film titled, 'The Backstager' in early 2018 which was released on June 5. He got two awards for this short film. Second Best Actor in Kerala State Television Awards 2018 and Best Actor in CONTACT short film festival 2019.

## Awards

| Award | Category | Movie | Year |
| Kerala State Television Award | Second Best Actor | The Backstager (Short Film) | 2018 |
| CONTACT Film Award | Best Actor | The Backstager (Short Film) | 2019 |

## Filmography

Key :
| † | Denotes films that have not yet been released |
| Year | Title | Role |
| 2015 | Pathemari | Satheesh |
| 2016 | Kasaba | Arjun |
| 2017 | Take Off | Malayali terrorist |
| 2017 | Diwanjimoola Grand Prix | Young Jithendran |
| 2018 | Oru Kuttanadan Blog | Rameshan |
| 2018 | Ottakoru Kaamukan | Rahul Rajashekaran |
| 2019 | Vijay Superum Pournamiyum | Salman |
| 2019 | Mr. & Ms. Rowdy | Domenic |
| 2022 | Salute | Mahesh |
| 2022 | Shefeekkinte Santhosham | Anwar |
| 2023 | Christopher | Sebastian Chacko |
| 2023 | Sesham Mike-il Fathima | Solomon Margaret |
| 2024 | Oru Anweshanathinte Thudakkam | |
| 2025 | Rekhachithram | Sebastian Chacko |
| 2025 | Besty | Faisi |

## Short films

Key :
| † | Denotes short films that have not yet been released |
| Year | Film | Role | Notes |
| 2018 | The Backstager | Vivek | Short film |
# Hrach Martirosyan

Hrach K. Martirosyan (Armenian: Հրաչ Մարտիրոսյան; born in Vanadzor in 1964) is an Armenian linguist. He is currently Lecturer in Eastern Armenian in the department of Near Eastern Languages and Cultures at University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA).
Martirosyan considers himself a student of Heinrich Hübschmann and Hrachia Acharian. He received a PhD in Comparative Linguistics by defending the dissertation "Studies in Armenian Etymology with Special Emphasis on Dialects and Culture" at Leiden University in 2008.
Martirosyan has lectured at University of Michigan and Yerevan State University. He has talked about linguistics and the Armenian language in interviews with Public Television of Armenia, Shoghakat TV, independent Boon TV, Aravot, 1in.am, and other Armenian media outlets.

## Views

He identifies as an atheist. In May 2014 he was among the intellectuals who signed an open letter declaring their opposition to the Yerevan City Council decision to erect a statue of Anastas Mikoyan, a controversial Armenian-born Bolshevik and Soviet statesman.

## Publications

* Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon. BRILL. 2009. ISBN 9789004173378.
* "The place of Armenian in the Indo-European language family: the relationship with Greek and Indo-Iranian" (2013), Journal of Language Relationship
# María del Mar Feito

María del Mar Feito Acebo (born 10 September 1975 in Madrid) is a former field hockey forward from Spain, who represented her native country at three consecutive Summer Olympics, starting in 1996 (Atlanta, Georgia). She played club hockey at a club named San Pablo Valdeluz.
# DXCO-TV

DXCO-TV (Channel 29) is a television station in Cagayan de Oro owned by Nation Broadcasting Corporation; TV5 Network, Inc., which owns TV5 outlet DXTE-TV (Channel 21), operates the station under an airtime lease agreement. Both stations share studios and transmitters at SMART Compound, Macapagal Drive, Upper Bulua, Cagayan de Oro (near ABS-CBN).

## Coverage Areas
### Primary Areas

* Cagayan de Oro
* Portion of Misamis Oriental

#### Secondary Areas

* Camiguin
* Northern portion of Bukidnon
# Blenkinsop Hall

Blenkinsop Hall (grid reference NY68186412) is a privately owned, castellated 19th-century country house situated on the banks of the Tipalt Burn near Greenhead, Northumberland. The legal address of the property is Haltwhistle, Northumberland, NE49 9LY. It is a Grade II listed building, reflecting its historical and architectural significance. The property is located near Blenkinsopp Castle, which is primarily a ruin; both the Hall and the castle were owned by the same family for several generations.

## History

The earliest recorded history of the Blenkinsop Hall area dates back to the Roman occupation, with remains of Hadrian's Wall visible to the north of the site. These remnants suggest the area's historical significance long before the construction of any structures on the land.
County records from the early 13th century, during the reign of Henry III of England, indicate that the land was held by Ralph Blenkinsop, though there is no evidence of a building on the site at that time. The first known structure, a house called Dryburnhaugh, appeared by the 17th century. It was associated with the Blenkinsop family, who were prominent landowners in the region and also owned the nearby [Blenkinsop Castle|Blenkinsop]] and Bellister castles. By 1663, John Blenkinsop was recorded as the owner of Dryburnhaugh, and the estate was later passed to Thomas Blenkinsop by 1712.
In 1727, the estate passed to the Coulson family when Jane Blenkinsop, the heiress, married William Coulson. Their son, Colonel John Blenkinsop Coulson, commissioned the construction of the current Blenkinsop Hall around 1800, a two-storey, five-bay house. The estate was further developed in the 1830s, when architect John Dobson was enlisted to make improvements. These included the addition of a south-east tower and stables, as well as alterations to the interior. The tower was later removed. A historic listing summary from 1967 indicates that by 1877, additional architectural features, such as parapets and a porch, were added, and the rear of the building was reconstructed.
In 1875, Edward Joicey acquired the Blenkinsop estates, including Blenkinsop Hall. Fiona Lees-Millais (née Joicey) and her husband became the owners in 2001, marking the final chapter of Joicey family ownership.
In 2020, after more than 145 years in the Joicey family's hands, the estate was put on the market for the first time since it was originally acquired in 1875. The property, comprising 11 houses and cottages, was listed for £4.85 million. The hall retained much of its original interior, including four reception rooms, ten bedrooms, four bathrooms, and a conservatory, while the yard featured two cottages, six stables, an office, and a game larder, as reported by Country Life magazine.
The property was sold in 2021 to the Silverwood family. The property remains listed as a Grade II listed building, reflecting its historical and architectural significance. According to The Journal, the new owners plan to operate the estate "traditionally, using rental income from its properties and agricultural land."
# Richie Connor

Richie Connor (born 1954 in Walsh Island, County Offaly) is an Irish former Gaelic footballer who played for his local club Walsh Island and, from 1975 until 1989, at senior level for the Offaly county team. Walsh later served as manager of the Laois and Offaly senior football teams.
As a player Connor was captain of the Offaly team which won the All-Ireland Senior Football Championship title in 1982, denying Kerry a 'five in a row' title. He played at centre forward that day, having appeared as centre back in earlier years.
Richie's only All-Star award came in 1981.
Richie's first success was with the Erins Hope team that won the Dublin under-21 title in 1974. He helped them retain the title in 1975 and also won an Offaly under-21 medal with Walsh Island in the same year.
With Walsh Island, Richie was part of the team that won six Offaly Senior Football Championship titles in a row from 1978 to 1983. He was captain in 1981 and 1983.
He was interviewed for the documentary Players of the Faithful.
Connor was appointed manager of the Offaly senior team on a three-year-term in 2008 but resigned in February 2009.
# Jack Evans (American football)

John Vinson Evans (August 5, 1905 – March 11, 1980) was an American football blocking back for the Green Bay Packers of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for California. He won an NFL championship in 1929 with the Packers.

## Biography

Evans was born John Alexander Evans on August 5, 1905, in Colorado Springs, Colorado.

## Career

Evans played with the Green Bay Packers during the 1929 NFL season. As such, he was a member of the 1929 NFL Champion Packers.
He played at the University of California, Berkeley.
He died on March 11, 1980, in Santa Ana, California.
# Jonathan Dennis

* This New Zealand biographical article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
Jonathan Dennis (27 September 1953 – 25 January 2002) was a New Zealand film archivist, broadcaster and writer. He was a founder of the New Zealand Film Archive and its director from 1981 to 1990.
# Mordelloides

Mordelloides is a genus of tumbling flower beetles in the family Mordellidae. It has a single species, Mordelloides acuticauda, known from Mexico.
# María Isabel Martínez

María Isabel Martínez de Murguía Embarba (born 16 October 1967 in Madrid) is a former field hockey player from Spain. She was a member of the Women's National Team that surprisingly won the gold medal at the 1992 Summer Olympics on home soil (Barcelona)
# Kgatelopele Local Municipality

Kgatelopele Municipality (Afrikaans: Kgatelopele Munisipaliteit; Tswana: Mmasepala wa Kgatelopele) is a local municipality within the ZF Mgcawu District Municipality, in the Northern Cape province of South Africa. Kgatelopele is a Setswana name meaning "progress".

## Main places

The 2001 census divided the municipality into the following main places:
| Place | Code | Area (km$^2$) | Population |
| Danielskuil | 32001 | 22.12 | 6,730 |
| Five Mission | 32002 | 1.70 | 350 |
| Lime Acres | 32004 | 755.53 | 3,723 |
| Tlhakalatlou | 32005 | 0.47 | 3,337 |
| Remainder of the municipality | 32003 | 2,870.45 | 1,305 |

## Demographics

According to the 2022 South African census, the municipality had a population of 19,854 people. Of those, 47.7% identified as "Black African," 40.0% as "Coloured," and 11.6% as "White."

## Politics

The municipal council consists of eleven members elected by mixed-member proportional representation. Six councillors are elected by first-past-the-post voting in six wards, while the remaining five are chosen from party lists so that the total number of party representatives is proportional to the number of votes received. In the election of 1 November 2021 no party obtained a majority on the council. The following table shows the results of the election.
Kgatelopele local election, 1 November 2021 :
| Party | Party | Votes | Votes | Votes | Votes | Seats | Seats | Seats |
| Party | Party | Ward | List | Total | % | Ward | List | Total |
| | African National Congress | 1,939 | 2,006 | 3,945 | 43.7% | 5 | 0 | 5 |
| | Patriotic Alliance | 810 | 858 | 1,668 | 18.5% | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| | Democratic Alliance | 762 | 770 | 1,532 | 17.0% | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| | Economic Freedom Fighters | 384 | 442 | 826 | 9.1% | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| | Freedom Front Plus | 397 | 381 | 778 | 8.6% | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| | Independent candidates | 200 | – | 200 | 2.2% | 0 | – | 0 |
| | Azanian People's Organisation | 34 | 47 | 81 | 0.9% | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Total | Total | 4,526 | 4,504 | 9,030 | | 6 | 5 | 11 |
| Valid votes | Valid votes | 4,526 | 4,504 | 9,030 | 97.8% |
| Spoilt votes | Spoilt votes | 89 | 117 | 206 | 2.2% |
| Total votes cast | Total votes cast | 4,615 | 4,621 | 9,236 | |
| Voter turnout | Voter turnout | 4,621 |
| Registered voters | Registered voters | 9,518 |
| Turnout percentage | Turnout percentage | 48.6% |
# Salamander heater

A salamander heater is any of a variety of portable forced-air or convection space heaters, often using kerosene or propane as fuel but also requiring electricity, used in ventilated areas for worksite comfort. Salamander heaters are most often found at construction sites. Depending on style, they can also be referred to as "torpedo furnaces", "salamander furnaces", or simply, "salamanders".
Salamander heaters date back to at least 1915. In the early 1940s, W.L. Scheu of Scheu Manufacturing Company, a producer of temporary portable space heating equipment, developed the modern salamander heater to provide warmth to allow construction crews to work in inclement weather. Sales spread across the US, and by the 1950s, to Europe.

## Name

The name, also applied to various types of heating device, comes from the mythical salamander, a beast that lived in fire and could control fire. Examples from kitchen use include high temperature ovens and, from the 17th and 18th century, a browning element.
# Hello Stranger (2024 film)

Hello Stranger is a Canadian short documentary film, directed by Amélie Hardy and released in 2024. The film centres on Cooper Josephine, a trans woman battling familial and social prejudices as she embarks on her transition.
The film premiered at the 2024 South by Southwest Film & TV Festival.

## Awards

| Year | Award | Category | Result |
| 2024 | Palm Springs International Festival of Short Films | Young Cineastes Award | Honored |
| 2024 | Calgary International Film Festival | Best Short Documentary | Won |
| 2024 | Whistler Film Festival | Canadian ShortWork | Won |
| 2025 | Prix collégial du cinéma québécois | Best Short Film | Pending |
# Shaler Mountains

The Shaler Mountains are a mountain range that cross the Northwest Territories-Nunavut border on north-central Victoria Island, Canada. Although located partly in Nunavut the majority of the range lies in the Northwest Territories. Its highest point is 655 m (2,149 ft), making it the highest point on Victoria Island.
# Jackie Walker (American football, born 1962)

Jackie Walker (born November 3, 1962) is an American former professional football player who was a linebacker for the Tampa Bay Buccaneers of the National Football League (NFL). He was the 28th player selected in the 1986 NFL draft, the first player drafted in the second round of a year in which there were only 27 first-round picks. His selection was controversial, as he did not score particularly well in the pre-draft combines, and there were more-heralded linebackers still on the board. Walker attended Carroll High School in Monroe, Louisiana. He was a latecomer to organized sports, not playing football until high school coaches and his older brother convinced him to join the team in his senior year of high school. A quick and aggressive player, he was a starter all four years at Jackson State University, where he also played power forward for the basketball team. In his senior year, he led the team with 131 tackles, was named to two All-American teams, and was named Southwestern Athletic Conference Defensive Player of the Year. While the Buccaneers staff were impressed with his raw talent and saw him as a potential Ted Hendricks-type player, the fans were critical of the selection of a player with so little training and experience. Walker started only nine games for the Buccaneers, all in 1987. Although popular with teammates and a standout on special teams, he never worked his way into the regular lineup. Buccaneers coach Ray Perkins at one point toyed with the idea of taking advantage of his athleticism by converting him to tight end, but dropped the idea due to lack of interest from Walker. When Plan B free agency began in 1989, Walker was one of the players allowed to leave. He was signed by the New York Jets in 1989 after being left unprotected by the Buccaneers, but was cut from the Jets in training camp. He later played for the Cincinnati Rockers, Miami Hooters, and Orlando Predators of the Arena Football League.

## Awards

Southwestern Athletic Conference most valuable defensive player, 1985 1st Team All-American, 1985
# Herbert Baldwin (cricketer)

Herbert George Baldwin (1893–1969) was a first-class cricketer and Test match umpire. Born in 1893 in Hampshire, Baldwin played 33 games for Surrey as a right-handed batsman and occasional leg break bowler with modest returns, although he was a noted fielder in the covers.
He umpired in first-class cricket for nearly three decades, including nine Tests after the war up until 1953. He called 19 no balls in 3 overs in Australia's match against Worcestershire in 1938 when fast bowler Ernie McCormick lost his run-up.

## Family

Baldwin was the son of Hampshire cricketer Harry Baldwin who represented Hampshire between 1877 and 1905. Harry, like his son, also stood as a first-class umpire.
# Battle of Kirkuk (2014)

The Battle of Kirkuk (2014) was an offensive launched by ISIL against the Peshmerga forces.

## Background

On 10 June 2014, the ISIL and JRTN forces capturing the second biggest city in Iraq, Mosul, after a 6-day battle in the city.
On 12 June 2014, The Kurdish Peshmerga forces controlled the city of Kirkuk. After that, the Iraqi Army fled before any offensive was launched by the Islamist Forces.

## The Battle

On 17 June 2014, the ISIL forces started an offensive to conquer the city. Soon after, the group attacked the village Basheer 15 km south of Kirkuk city, the group clashed with the local forces, capturing the village after an hour of fighting. The group also captured two sub-districts of the city: one in the west of Kirkuk city (Multaqa sub-district) and one in the south of Kirkuk city (Taza sub-district) Later in the day the Peshmerga forces with support of air strikes by their allies, the (US-led Coalition), recaptured both sub-districts of the city.
On 18 June 2014, ISIL tried to capture the city once again, this time in the northern part of the city. They also tried to capture its oil reserves as well. However, the Peshmerga forces successfully defended the city against the isis again.

## Aftermath

In the end of July the Badr Organization and some locals recruited Shi’a Turkmen fighters to attack the village Bashir in an attempted counter-offensive.
On the night of 29 January and 30 January, IS attacked Kirkuk in a new battle.
# Tuohetaerbieke Tanglatihan

Tuohetaerbieke Tanglatihan (Chinese: 托合塔尔别克·唐拉提汗, Kazakh: Тоқтарбек Таңатқан, romanized: Toqtarbek Tañatqan; born 18 November 1996) is a Chinese boxer. He competed in the men's middleweight event at the 2020 Summer Olympics.
Tanglatihan was born to Kazakh parents.
# Michael Searles

Michael Searles (1750–1813) was an English commercial architect of large houses, particularly in London. His most notable achievement is perhaps The Paragon in Blackheath.
Searles was the son of a Greenwich surveyor, also named Michael Searles (c. 1722–1799), who served (from 1765) as surveyor to Morden College in Blackheath. Searles and his father formed an unofficial father and son partnership producing plans in and around Greenwich before Searles junior set up his own practice.
Landowner John Cator granted development leases to Searles and builder William Dyer to design and build a series of high quality dwellings, intended to appeal to upper middle class buyers, situated on the south-east side of Blackheath. Facing the heath, South Row and Montpelier Row were erected from 1794 to 1805.
However, Searles's masterpiece was the adjacent Paragon, a 14-house perfect crescent occupying a semicircular plot in the corner of the Heath. The Paragon (today Grade I listed buildings) comprises seven blocks of semi-detached houses, each linked by a single story colonnade, with a lodge house at each end. Each house was different internally: Searles would provide the buyer with a brick shell which could then be fitted out to suit the buyer's tastes and budget. However, the scheme nearly ruined Searles financially; the development took ten years to build, with the last house not occupied until 1805.
Apart from his own home at 155 Old Kent Road, other London works include:
* Deptford Union, 70-82 Blackheath Road [Grade 2 Listed] (1786)
* 31 Blackheath Road, London SE10
* Marlborough House, 317 Kennington Road, Kennington (c. 1787)
* 114-132 Kennington Park Road (1790)
* 23 Champion Hill, Camberwell (1791)
* south part of Gloucester Circus crescent, Greenwich (1791–1809)
* Surrey Square, Walworth (c. 1793)
* A terrace in Southgate Green, north London
He built another Paragon before 1787 on the south side of New Kent Road, near the junction with Old Kent Road. This consisted of six blocks of semi-detached houses linked by a single-story colonnade. It was later extended to a complete semicircle fronting New Kent Road by the addition of a pair of houses at each end. It was demolished in the 1890s to be replaced by more modest housing and a Council school, which has since been converted into apartments and been given the name The Paragon.
# Herbert Crossley

Herbert Crossley (5 May 1901 – 15 November 1921) was a heavyweight boxing contender against Gene Tunney on 5 September 1921, shortly after arriving in the United States from England. Crossley died from pneumonia and sepsis on 15 November 1921 at the age of 20.