OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Georges Pitoëff

Georges Pitoëff (Russian: Георгий Питоев; 4 September 1884 – 17 September 1939) was a Russian émigré with an Armenian background who became one of the leading actors and directors in France.

## Early life and education

Pitoëff was born on 4 September 1884 in Tiflis, Russia (now Tbilisi, Georgia) to Russian-born of Armenian origins, he was the son of the Director of the Tiflis Theatre. After studying and graduating in law at Paris University, he switched his focus to a career in the theatre.

## Career

In Russia, Pitoëff trained with Konstantin Stanislavski.$^{:45}$ In France he became a theatre director and producer, noted for his popularization of the works of contemporary playwrights, especially George Bernard Shaw, Anton Chekhov, Arthur Schnitzler, Henrik Ibsen, and Eugene O'Neill. He was a founding member of the Cartel des Quatre (Group of Four), a group including Louis Jouvet, Charles Dullin, and Gaston Baty, dedicated to rejuvenating the French theatre.

## Death

Pitoëff died on 17 September 1939 in Bellevue, near Geneva, Switzerland.

## Family

One of his sons, Alexandre, known as Sacha Pitoëff, was himself a noted French theatre director and actor.
# Plaisance Arrondissement

Plaisance (Haitian Creole: Plezans) is an arrondissement in the Nord Department of Haiti. As of 2015, the population was 123,633 inhabitants. Postal codes in the Plaisance Arrondissement start with the number 17.

## Geography

According to the Haitian Institute of Statistics and Informatics, the arrondissement has a total area of 93.56 square miles (242.32 km$^2$).

## Demographics
### 2003 Census

As of the census of 2003, there were 90,812 people residing in the arrondissement.

### 2009 Estimated Census

As of the estimated census of 2009, there were 112,428 people and 22,010 households residing in the arrondissement.
Postal codes in the Plaisance Arrondissement start with the number 17 .

### 2019 Estimated Census

The demographic information for Plaisance Arrondissement as of 2019 is as follows:
* Gender Distribution: There were 913 males and 1,208 females.
* Age Groups: The population was distributed across various age groups with 317 individuals aged 0–17 years, and 1,550 individuals aged 18–64 years.
* Age Distribution: More specifically, there were 286 people aged 0–14 years, 697 people aged 15–29 years, 415 people aged 30–44 years, 362 people aged 45–59 years, 257 people aged 60–74 years, and 104 people aged 75 years and above.
* Citizenship: Among the residents, 1,796 were French citizens, and 325 held foreign citizenship.
* Immigration Status: The area had 1,704 individuals who were not immigrants and 418 immigrants.

## Municipalities

The arrondissement consists of the following communes :
* Plaisance
* Pilate
# Łękawka

Łękawka is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Tarnów, within Tarnów County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland. It lies approximately 11 kilometres (7 mi) south of Tarnów and 80 km (50 mi) east of the regional capital Kraków.
The village has an approximate population of 700.
# Black Saturday (1903)

Black Saturday was a 1903 disaster which left 12 spectators dead and injured 232 when a section of balcony collapsed during a baseball game between the Boston Braves and Philadelphia Phillies. It was the worst disaster in the history of American sports spectating.

## National League Park

National League Park (also known as Baker Bowl), was built in 1895 using novel construction techniques, prominently featuring a cantilever design to support the roof and upper decks. The modernized building also heavily utilized fire resistant materials like steel and brick, in order to avoid destructive fires like the one that had ravaged the Phillies' previous stadium, the mainly wood-constructed Philadelphia Base Ball Park, in 1894.

## The disaster

On August 8, 1903, during a double-header between the Phillies and the Braves, two drunken men walking along 15th street adjacent to the park were being teased by a group of children. One of the men allegedly grabbed by the hair a thirteen-year-old girl named Maggie Barry from the group of children, and after a brief struggle, fell on top of her. Accounts of the incident say that cries for help from the girl and her friends drew attention from spectators in the stadium above, and approximately 300 people crowded the balcony above the street to get a view of the commotion. Under the weight of the curious onlookers, the overloaded balcony's supports apparently became detached from their connections at the wall, and plunged approximately 30 feet (9 m) to the street below.
# Blossvale crash of 1907

On April 14, 1907, northbound freight train No.23 of the New York Central and Hudson River Railroad, operating on the Rome and Richland branch of the former Rome, Watertown and Ogdensburg Railroad (later part of the New York Central) crashed when the bank on the lower side of the track failed and a section slid down the hill undermining the track. The accident occurred approximately 2.5 miles south of Blossvale, a hamlet in the Oneida County, New York, town of Annsville. The sixty-car freight train, carrying coal and other freight was pulled by engines No. 1726 and 1863. Both engines plunged down the sixty foot embankment. The lead engine came to rest in an inverted position while the second engine was on its side. Both engines and several cars were destroyed by fire. In addition to the two engines, a total of fifteen cars derailed.
Fireman E.J. Hartford, in engine 1863 was killed but engineer I.F. Losch was uninjured. The crewmen of engine 1726, engineer W.A. Darling and fireman L.B. Joyce sustained cuts and bruises. The body of fireman Hartford was not recovered until two cranes were brought to the site to remove a box car and other debris. Despite his injuries, engineer Daring walked two miles to the closest station to report the accident. Until the track was reopened, passenger trains were rerouted over the Black River Railroad line.
The accident was one of 15 derailments and one of 33 total train accidents in the United States in April 1907.
# Capital Airlines Flight 20

Capital Airlines Flight 20 was a U.S. scheduled passenger flight from Washington, D.C. to Norfolk, Virginia. A Vickers Viscount flying the route crashed into a farm in Charles City County, Virginia, on January 18, 1960. The accident was the fourth fatal crash involving a Capital Viscount in less than two years; the first three were Capital Airlines Flight 67 (April 1958), Capital Airlines Flight 300 (May 1958) and Capital Airlines Flight 75 (May 1959).
The plane was cruising at an altitude of 8,000 feet when it encountered icing. This caused two engines to fail. As the craft descended, the other two engines also failed, causing the propellers to autofeather. The crew tried and failed to restart the engines, and were unable to unfeather the propellers normally; they then put the plane into a dive in an attempt to force the propellers from their feathered position. Eventually they succeeded in restarting engine number four. They applied full power to this engine, which caused the craft to enter a circling descent until crashing into trees; at the time of impact it had almost no forward velocity. Five trees were driven through the fuselage, yet their trunks remained intact.
   The plane burned for hours after the crash, the police said at the time. They also indicated that they had not been able to approach it to make an effort at recovering bodies. In addition, treacherous underfooting made the use of firefighting equipment almost impossible.
   Heavy fog had closed many airports throughout eastern Virginia and had blanketed the area when the plane bearing 44 passengers and a crew of four came down on swampland near Sandy Gut, a tributary of the Chickahominy River about 30 miles southeast of Richmond. The plane was flying from Chicago to Norfolk – where the airport was open – by way of Washington. It had left Washington at 9:40 p.m. and crashed at 11 p.m. Capital Airlines in Washington identified the jet-prop aircraft's crew as Capt. James B. Fornasero, pilot; Philip Henry Cullom, first officer; and two hostesses, Diane Margaret O'Donnell and Brigitte Friede Helene Jordt.
The crash was attributed to the fact that, as per airline policy, the pilots had delayed arming the engine ice protection systems even though they were flying in icy conditions; causing the 2 engines to lose too much power. Capital Airlines changed its emergency checklist after the crash, deleting the instruction that pilots were to descend to a warmer climate to relight the systems and instructing them that, provided that correct procedure was followed, the engine could be restarted at any height.
# Ilex mucronata

Ilex mucronata, the mountain holly or catberry, is a species of holly native to eastern North America, from Newfoundland west to Minnesota, and south to Maryland and West Virginia.

## Taxonomy

It was formerly treated in its own monotypic genus as Nemopanthus mucronatus (L.) Loes., known as "false holly", but transferred to Ilex on molecular data; it is closely related to Ilex amelanchier.

## Description

Ilex mucronata is a deciduous shrub growing to 3 m (rarely 4 m) tall (or 6 to 10 feet high from the "Manual of Woody Landscape Plants" by Dr. Michael Dirr.) The leaves are alternate, simple, elliptic to oblong, (1 to 2.5" long and 3/4's as wide) 1.5–7 cm long and 1–3 cm broad, with an entire or finely serrated margin and an acute apex, and a 0.5–2 cm (1/4 to 1/2" long) petiole. The tiny flowers about 1/5" in diameter with 4 to 5 petals are inconspicuous, whitish to greenish-yellow, produced on slender peduncles 25 mm or more long; it is usually dioecious, with male and female flowers on separate plants. The fruit is a red drupe 6–7 mm (1/4 to 1/3") diameter containing three to five pits.

## Habitat

The plant does best in full sun, or part shade is good. It usually grows in moist or draining wet acid soils, often with the similar species of Common Winterberry, Ilex verticillata, but is also found on upland cliffs and slopes on hills and mountains. It develops a yellow autumn color. It is recommended for use in naturalistic landscapes. Its USDA hardiness zone recommendation is zones 4 to 6. The name "mountain holly" is also sometimes used for the related mountain winterberry (Ilex montana).

## Gallery

* Female flowers in New Brunswick
* Fruit.
# December 2003 nor'easter

The December 2003 New England snowstorm was a severe nor'easter that impacted the Eastern United States during the first week of the month. It produced heavy snowfall throughout the New England and Mid-Atlantic regions, exceeding 40 inches (100 cm) in northern New England. The cyclone had complex origins, involving several individual weather disturbances. An area of low pressure primarily associated with the southern branch of the jet stream spread light precipitation across portions of the Midwest and Southeast. The low reached the coast on December 5 and continued to produce snow throughout the Mid-Atlantic. Another system involving the northern branch of the jet stream merged with the initial storm, causing another coastal storm to develop. This storm soon became the primary feature as it intensified and moved northeastward. It reached Cape Cod on December 6, but became nearly stationary through the morning of December 7. It had finally dissipated by December 8.
Conditions surrounding the storm allowed for several bands of heavy snowfall to set up over New York State and New England, including a small area of 4 in (100 mm) per hour snowfall rates in the Hudson Valley. As a result of extremely cold temperatures over the region, snowfall accumulations were generally significant and broke several daily records. At Albany, New York, 12.5 in (320 mm) of snow fell in just one day. Locations affected by the storm commonly picked up 17 to 24 in (430 to 610 mm), with totals occasionally exceeding 30 in (760 mm).
The event led to widespread travel delays from Washington, D.C. to Boston, and around 13 people died because of the storm. 35.6 of snow inches fell just 14 miles north of Boston in the city of Peabody, Massachusetts. The nor'easter was among the largest early-season winter storms on record to affect the major East Coast cities. Many areas reported blizzard-like conditions.
# Tail Lights Fade

Tail Lights Fade is a 1999 Canadian film directed by Malcolm Ingram and starring Denise Richards, Jake Busey, and Breckin Meyer. The film follows two couples and their race across Canada to bail one of their brothers out of a marijuana charge by clearing out the grow house completely. The film's namesake gets its title from a 1992 Buffalo Tom song, which is also on the soundtrack.

## Cast

* Denise Richards as Wendy
* Jaimz Woolvett as Ben
* Breckin Meyer as Cole
* Jake Busey as Bruce
* Elizabeth Berkley as Eve
* Tanya Allen as Angie
* Ben Derrick as Cutlass Mike
* Doug Hardwick as Accountant Tom (as Douglas Hardwick)
* Marcus Hondro as Shadley (as Marcus Hondros)
* Tristin Leffler as Hemp Girl (as Tristen Leffler)
* Tyler Labine as Grower Brian
* Matthew Gissing as Thug #1 (as Matt Gissing)
* Darryl Quon as Thug #2 (as Darryl Quan)
* Gordie Giroux as Boy
* Lisa Marie as Kitty
* Jason Mewes (uncredited)

## Production troubles

In an interview for website IGN, writer/director Malcolm Ingram described the experience as being very unpleasant to handle. "But it wasn't in the cards. The Producer was insane, The Production company was lame, I was too green to deal with such insanity as the schedule being cut down by 12 days two weeks before we went to camera. On that film our Producer actually made offers to two separate actresses (Lisa Marie and Elizabeth Berkeley) at the same time. They both accepted and my poor screenwriter had to tear chunks of the script out and create a role to accommodate both actors. They were both great, and I wasn't complaining to have two incredible ladies in my film... but that is an example of the level of professionalism I was dealing with. I also remember we had a bare bones crew doing pick up shots for free to try and make up for the days we lost. God bless 'em. We were shooting a highly illegal scene involving fake cop cars and high speeds. No one really wanted to be there, But... It had to be done. The Producer (the one who f***ed us for days and left us in this highly precarious situation) didn't even stick around to show support, saying, "I'll say a prayer for you guys" as she bolted away from the travesty she was responsible for. The real shame is that I think that the actors really gave the goods... and the crew worked their hearts out. In the end... it wasn't what I had envisioned. However I'm still proud of the actors... and forever grateful to the crew... Wish I could have given 'em something to be a little prouder."
# February 1995 nor'easter

The February 1995 nor'easter was a significant nor'easter that impacted the Mid-Atlantic and New England regions of the United States around the beginning of the month. It was the only major nor'easter of the 1994–1995 winter.

## Synoptic history

The initial low pressure area tracked eastward from the southern Great Plains on February 2. Gradually intensifying, it was situated over eastern Kentucky by 0000 UTC on February 4. As the system entered West Virginia, a secondary low began to develop over South Carolina. The new low quickly deepened, and absorbed the primary low over West Virginia into its expanding and strengthening circulation. It continued to rapidly mature as it moved northward from eastern Maryland, and it hugged the coast as it moved northeastward towards southern New England.
The cyclone reached a strength of 980 millibars while located south of Long Island. It crossed eastern New England and reached its peak intensity, with a minimum barometric pressure of 962 mb and sustained winds of 75 mph (120 km/h), over eastern Maine. Prior to the nor'easter, an area of high pressure drifted southeastward from north of the Great Lakes, producing sufficient cold air to support snow throughout the Northeast. However, as the storm intensified, precipitation near the coast, including the major cities of Philadelphia, New York, and Boston, changed to rain. Due to the lack of a strong anticyclone at the surface, winds in association with the system were minimal until after the storm abated. Behind the nor'easter, high winds, sufficient to bring down trees and powerlines, occurred.

## Impact

Snow from the nor'easter was heavy and widespread. Areas that picked up 10 in (250 mm) or more include Pennsylvania, New York, New Jersey, Connecticut, Massachusetts, Vermont, New Hampshire and Maine. Scattered reports of 20 in (510 mm) were received in upstate New York and northern Vermont. At Burlington, Vermont, 16.8 in (430 mm) of snow fell, beating the daily record of 8.7 in (220 mm) set in 1988. Overall, the event ranks as a category 2 on the Northeast Snowfall Impact Scale.
In Pennsylvania, the heaviest snow fell in Bucks County. Throughout the state, the number of traffic accidents was minimized due to the storm's arrival on a weekend. Three died of cardiac arrest after shoveling snow, and more than 100 people were hospitalized for chest pain. Several dozen more were injured after slipping and falling on ice, and 53 residents sustained snowblower-related injuries. At least 18 people were injured in nearby New Jersey, where the maximum snow accumulation was reported to be 16 inches (41 cm) in Princeton. Along the coast, minor to moderate coastal flooding occurred, along with some beach erosion. Some areas lost power for several hours due to downed power lines caused by fallen tree branches. The cyclone also produced heavy snow and coastal flooding in New York.
# Novgorod State Pedagogical Institute

The Novgorod State Pedagogical Institute (Russian: Новгородский государственный педагогический институт) is a higher educational institution that existed in Veliky Novgorod in 1953–1993. Became part of the Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University.

## History

In 1740, the Theological Seminary was opened at the Novgorod Antoniev Monastery. After 1917, the Novgorod Institute of Public Education was opened on the premises of the seminary, which in 1934 was transformed into the Novgorod State Teachers' Institute, and then, in 1953, into the Novgorod State Pedagogical Institute.

## Rectors

* N. M. Karpenko (1952–1955)
* V. Z. Dzhincharadze (1955–1957)
* Vladimir Ivanovich Bragin (1957–1959)
* I. I. Kostikov (1959–1963)
* Alexander Sergeevich Panichev (1964–1972)
* Mikhail Ivanovich Kulikov (1972–1985)
* Pyotr Vasilyevich Volkov (1985–1988)
* Nikolai Gavrilovich Bindyukov (1988–1993)
# Morbid (band)

Morbid is a Swedish extreme metal band from Stockholm that formed in 1986.

## Biography

Morbid was formed in Stockholm at the end of 1986. With Per "Dead" Ohlin as the group's founder and leader, there was a number of members before the band settled on the line-up of John "John Lennart" Hagström, "TG" on guitars, Jens Näsström on bass and Lars-Göran Petrov on drums. When "TG" left the band, he was replaced by Ulf Cederlund. The band then recorded their debut demo, December Moon, at Thunderload Studios in Stockholm on 5 and 6 December 1987. This was the only recording featuring this line-up, as Hagström quit and Ohlin left for Norway to join the black metal band Mayhem. The remains of the band tried to carry on, and brought in photographer John Scarisbrick as a new vocalist. Scarisbrick lived near a recording studio named Sunlight, which would later gain some notoriety in death metal circles, recording bands like Entombed and Dismember. It was there that the band recorded their last release, a demo titled The Last Supper, in September 1988. The band faded as Petrov and Cederlund started Nihilist, which eventually turned into Entombed. Näsström later continued in the bands Contras and Skull.

## Legacy

Although Morbid only officially released two demos, they gained a certain cult status after their break-up, in part likely to Ohlin's efforts with Mayhem. The demo recordings and various live and rehearsal tracks were later published on vinyl and CD, on official and bootleg releases. After Ohlin left the band to move to Kråkstad, he was replaced by the former singer, John Scarisbrick.

## Discography

* Rehearsal 07/08/1987 (demo, 1987)
* December Moon (demo, 1987)
* Last Supper... (demo, 1988)
* Death Execution (compilation, 1995, bootleg)
* Live in Stockholm (LP, Reaper, 2000, bootleg)
* Death Execution II (7", Reaper, 2001, bootleg)
* Year of the Goat (live-compilation, Century Media, 2011)
# Brandesburton

Brandesburton is a village and civil parish in the East Riding of Yorkshire, England. It is situated approximately 7 miles (11 km) west of Hornsea and 9 miles (14 km) north-east of the market town of Beverley.
The civil parish is formed by the village of Brandesburton and the hamlets of Burshill and Hempholme. According to the 2011 UK census, Brandesburton parish had a population of 1,522, an increase on the 2001 UK census figure of 1,348.
St Mary's Church, which is surrounded by its churchyard in the north-east corner of the village, is a large, medieval building, with tower, nave, aisles and chancel. It was largely built out of cobbles, but has an early brick clerestory and later south porch. Exhibiting some fragments of Norman work (including a priest's door), it principally dates from the 13th to the 15th centuries, and was restored in 1892. Inside are two noteworthy brasses: on the south side of the chancel the fragments of a (rare) bracket-brass, and on the north side more substantial, full-size brasses to John St Quintin, a former Lord of the Manor, and his wife. The church has been designated a Grade I listed building. Among those buried in its churchyard is the Revd Dr John Hymers JP DD FRS (died 1887), former rector and the founder of Hymers College, Hull.
On the village green is a Grade II listed market cross.
Brandesburton amenities include the Billabong jet ski centre which operates throughout the year, the Hainsworth Park Golf Club, The Burton Lodge Hotel, the Black Swan and Dacre Arms pubs, and The Dacre Lakeside camping and Caravan Park. Premier Modular, an off-site building company who specialise in modular buildings, are based in the village.
The village is situated off the A165 which used to pass through the village until the opening of a bypass of it, and neighbouring village Leven, in 1994. A railway station was proposed in 1901 as part of the North Holderness Light Railway between Beverley and North Frodingham, but the line was never built.
Remains of mammoths and prehistoric elephant tusks have been discovered near the village.
From the 1930s, and into the Second World War RAF Catfoss was located just to the north-east of the village.

## Governance

The civil parish was in the Beverley and Holderness parliamentary constituency until the 2010 general election when it was transferred to the constituency of East Yorkshire. As a result of the 2023 Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies, it became part of the Bridlington and The Wolds parliamentary constituency, that was first contested at the 2024 general election.
# Bleeding Oath EP

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Sputnikmusic | |
| Cack Blabbath | (Positive) |
| Your Metal | (Positive) |
| Metality | |
Bleeding Oath is the eponymous debut EP from English progressive metal band Bleeding Oath, released independently on February 25, 2012 in both physical and digital format. The band had begun recording the EP shortly before being named Terrorizer's Unsigned Band of 2011. The first track, "Mountains", was premiered on the Metal Hammer Podcast hosted by Stephen Hill and Merlin Alderslade, with "What Fortune Gives" (a track that had previously appeared on the Ghosts of the Past demo) being streamed by Terrorizer. The EP has received positive feedback from critics, including Metal Hammer writer Dom Lawson. The track "Mountains" featured on Terrorizer's Fear Candy 106 CD, which came free with the May 2012 issue of the magazine.

## Personnel

* Robert Heyg - vocals, guitar
* Micah Douglas - guitar
* Harrison White - drums
* Matt "Moat" Lowe - bass guitar