OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Rolls-Royce RB.108

The Rolls-Royce RB.108 was a British jet engine designed in the mid-1950s by Rolls-Royce specifically for use as a VTOL lift engine. It was also used to provide horizontal thrust in the Short SC.1.

## Design and development

The RB.108 was the first direct-lift turbojet produced by Rolls-Royce. It originated from a VTOL concept in which Alan A. Griffith proposed using a small number of specialised lift engines in a VTOL aircraft, separate from the engines which provided forward propulsion. Its power output (thrust) was not high enough for use as a practical engine in a production aircraft and was used only for research into VTOL. It was constructed from conventional materials. (The next lift engine, the RB.162, would have a compressor built mainly from glass-fibre composite and have a higher T/W ratio.) The RB.108 bearings and oil system were designed to operate with an engine attitude envelope which covered engine and aircraft tilting while transitioning between hovering and forward flight. When a fifth engine was installed in the SC.1 to provide forward thrust it had to be mounted at about 45 degrees to remain within the envelope. The exhaust was directed horizontally with a curved jetpipe.

## Operational history

The RB.108 was used in the Short SC.1, which used four for lift with an additional one mounted at an angle at the rear for propulsion, and the Dassault Balzac V, which used eight vertically mounted RB.108s for lift. The Vereinigte Flugtechnische Werke (VFW) SG 1262 used five RB.108s, three mounted in tandem on the centreline, with one RB.108 either side.
The RB.108 was also the intended powerplant for several other VTOL aircraft designs, including one by Dornier.
A similar lift jet was designed by Bristol Siddeley, the BS.59, with a thrust of 8,000 lb the engine was intended for the projected Focke-Wulf Fw 260.

## Applications

* Armstrong Whitworth AW.171
* Dassault Balzac V
* Short SC.1
* VFW SG 1262 Schwebegestell

## Specifications (RB.108)

Data from Aircraft engines of the World 1964/65.

#### General characteristics

* Type: Single-spool turbojet
* Length: 48.3 in (123 cm)
* Diameter: 20.8 in (53 cm)
* Dry weight: 267 lb (121 kg)

#### Components

* Compressor: 8-stage axial flow
* Combustors: Annular
* Turbine: 2-stage axial flow
* Fuel type: JP-1
* Oil system: Non-return, total loss with metering pumps at 20 psi (140 kPa)

#### Performance

* Maximum thrust:
       No bleed air: 2,500 lbf (11 kN) at 17,500 rpm
       11% Bleed air: 2,210 lbf (9.8 kN) at 17,500 rpm (4.3 lb/s (2.0 kg/s) bleed)
* Overall pressure ratio: 5.33:1
* Air mass flow: 38.8 lb/s (17.6 kg/s)
* Turbine inlet temperature: 1,346 °F (730 °C; 1,003 K) (Turbine Inlet Temperature (TIT))
* Specific fuel consumption: 1.06 lb/lbf/h (108 kg/kN/h)
* Oil Consumption: 0.4 lb/lbf/h (41 kg/kN/h)
* Thrust-to-weight ratio: 9.3
# Lawrence County Community Unit School District 20

Community Unit School District 20 is a unified school district located in the southern Illinois town of Lawrenceville, the county seat of Lawrence County. Altogether, the district has three schools: one elementary school, one middle school, and one high school. The district elementary school, Parkside Elementary School, serves kindergarten through grade five. The school is run by principal Julie Hayes. Parkview Junior High School, which educates students in grades six through eight, is run by Jeremy Brush. Lawrenceville High School, originally known as Lawrence Township High School, is the last branch of education in the district. It serves grades nine through twelve, and is headed by Paul Higginbotham. The district superintendent is Doug Daugherty.

## Clubs and Activities

Lawrenceville High School is home to a variety of clubs, including a National Beta Club, an FFA club, a Spanish club, a drama club, and a varsity Scholastic Bowl team. The high school also runs a choir and band. Parkview Junior High School also sports a Beta Club, and a Scholastic Bowl team, although it is by limited in comparison to the number of clubs at Lawrenceville High School. They also have many sport including a girls and boys basketball team, a base ball and softball team, a wrestling team, color guard team, and a cheer team. They also have a band
# Johannes Gandil

Johannes Gandil (21 May 1873 – 7 March 1956) was a Danish amateur footballer who played one game as a striker for the Denmark national team, winning a silver medal at the 1908 Summer Olympics. He also competed at the 1900 Summer Olympics in Paris, France, as a track and field athlete.

## Early life

He was born in Ringe.

## Career

During his footballing career, Gandil represented the Copenhagen clubs ØB, KB and B 93, in fact he was the main person to introduce football to B 93 as it was originally at cricket club, he also went on to score 81 goals in 82 games and sat on the board for 49 years.
He played his only Danish national team game in the semi-final of the 1908 Summer Olympics, as Denmark beat France 17–1 on 22 October 1908. The game was the second official game ever recorded by the Danish national team, and Gandil's age of 35 years and 154 days made him the then oldest Danish debutant. Gandil kept the record for almost 93 years, until goalkeeper Peter Kjær made his debut in April 2001, only 17 days older than Gandil had been, but unfortunately for Gandil a knee injury put paid to anymore appearances.
At the 1900 Summer Olympics, Gandil competed in the 100 metres event, but was eliminated in the first round (quarterfinals) after placing third in his heat, he later became the Danish national champion at the 100 metres in 1902.
Gandil was the editor of the 719-page Dansk Fodbold, a tome on Danish football history from the earliest stages to 1939, published at the 50th anniversary of the Danish Football Association.
He died in Ordrup.
# Panorama Trail

The Panorama Trail is a marked hiking trail in Yosemite National Park that descends along the south wall of Yosemite Valley from Glacier Point, past several major waterfalls, to Happy Isles. The trail derives its name from the panoramic vistas visible along the route, most notably Panorama Point.

## Description
### Route

The Panorama Trail trailhead at Glacier Point is located near the Glacier Point Amphitheater at a clearly-marked junction. The trail follows the south wall of Yosemite Valley east to Illilouette Falls. The trail then crosses Illilouette Creek and ascends briefly before continuing down toward Nevada Fall. From Nevada Fall, the trail is concurrent with the Mist Trail as it continues west along the Merced River, past Vernal Fall, to its northern trailhead at Happy Isles in Yosemite Valley.

### Restrooms

Restrooms are available at the Glacier Point trailhead, along the trail above Nevada Fall and Vernal Fall, and at the Vernal Fall footbridge just east of Emerald Pool.

### Shuttle bus

A shuttle bus from Yosemite Valley to Glacier Point is available for a fee from June to October, when Glacier Point Road is open. The bus leaves the Yosemite Lodge at 8:30 a.m. and 1:30 p.m. and takes a little over an hour to get to Glacier Point. There is no regular shuttle bus service from Glacier Point down to Yosemite Valley.

## Related hikes

* The High Sierra Camps provide a loop through the Yosemite backcountry, with tent cabins spaced one day's hike apart. These require reservations.
* A trailhead of the Four Mile Trail is also located at Glacier Point.
# Frank Stephens (cricketer)

Frank Garfield Stephens (26 April 1889 – 9 August 1970) was an English amateur cricketer who played first-class cricket for Warwickshire from 1907 to 1912.
On his first-class debut, against Yorkshire in 1907, Stephens top-scored in the second innings with 15 not out as Warwickshire were dismissed for 47. He made his highest score, 144 not out, against Lancashire in 1912, preventing defeat after Warwickshire had trailed by 282 runs on the first innings.
His twin brother, George, captained Warwickshire in 1919. Both brothers played in Warwickshire's first County Championship victory in 1911 and later served on the Warwickshire committee.
# 1977 WFA Cup final

The 1977 WFA Cup Final was the seventh final of the FA Women's Cup, England's primary cup competition for women's football teams. It was the seventh final to be held under the direct control of Women's Football Association (WFA). Southampton Women's F.C. and Queen's Park Rangers L.F.C. contested the match at Champion Hill, the home of Dulwich Hamlet on 15 May 1977. The match ended 1–0 to QPR and became the first London women's club to win the FA Women's Cup.

## Match details
### Summary

Pat Napier :
| DF | 2 | Cora Francis |
| DF | 3 | Pauline Gardner |
| DF | 4 | Paddy McGroarty (c) |
| DF | 5 | Jackie Green |
| MF | 6 | Maggie Flanagan |
| MF | 7 | Sandra Choat |
| MF | 8 | Ann Richardson |
| MF | 9 | Carrie Staley |
| FW | 10 | Josie Lee |
| FW | 11 | Hazel Ross |
| Substitutes: ||||
| FW | 12 | Pauline Dickie |
| GK | 13 | Jean Cantrell |
| Manager: ||||
| Sav Ramayon ||||
Sue Buckett (c) :
| DF | 2 | Heather Kirkland |
| DF | 3 | Maggie Pearce |
| DF | 4 | Ann Squires |
| DF | 5 | Linda Coffin |
| MF | 6 | Grace Cesareo |
| MF | 7 | Lynda Hale |
| MF | 8 | Pat Chapman |
| MF | 9 | Pat Davies |
| FW | 10 | Sue Lopez |
| FW | 11 | Hilary Carter |
| Substitutes: ||||
| FW | 12 | Kathy Bennett |
| MF | 13 | Lesley Lloyd |
| DF | 14 | Jill Long |
| Manager: ||||
| Charlie Clarke ||||
# Boy For Rent

Boy For Rent (Thai: Boy For Rent – ผู้ชายให้เช่า; Boy For Rent – Phu Chai Hai Chao) is a 2019 Thai television series starring Sananthachat Thanapatpisal (Fon), Sarunchana Apisamaimongkol (Aye), Tanutchai Wijitvongtong (Mond) and Thanat Lowkhunsombat (Lee).
Directed by Ekkasit Trakulkasemsuk and produced by GMMTV together with Keng Kwang Kang, the series was one of the thirteen television series for 2019 launched by GMMTV in their "Wonder Th13teen" event on 5 November 2018. It premiered on One31 and LINE TV on 10 May 2019, airing on Fridays at 21:45 ICT (previously at 22:00 ICT for the first episode) and 23:00 ICT, respectively. The series concluded on 2 August 2019.
Since 1 June 2020, the series was rerun on GMM 25 airing on Mondays and Tuesdays at 22:45 ICT.

## Cast and characters

Below are the cast of the series:

### Main

* Sananthachat Thanapatpisal (Fon) as Smile
* Sarunchana Apisamaimongkol (Aye) as Liz
* Tanutchai Wijitvongtong (Mond) as Badz
* Thanat Lowkhunsombat (Lee) as Kyro

### Supporting

* Rutricha Phapakithi (Ciize) as Onnie
* Sutthipha Kongnawdee (Noon) as Tam
* Jirakit Kuariyakul (Toptap) as Tan
* Chatchawit Techarukpong (Victor) as Jayden
* Suttatip Wutchaipradit (Ampere) as Jenny

### Guest role

* Wanwimol Jaenasavamethee (June) as Badz's young sister
* Nutchapon Rattanamongkol (Nut)
* Sarunthorn Klaiudom (Mean) as Run

## Soundtrack

| Song Title | Romanized Title | Artist(s) |
| แสนดี แค่ลวง วกวน หรือจริงใจ | San Dee Kae Luang Wok Von Reu Jing Jai | Sarunchana Apisamaimongkol (Aye) |
| ไม่ใช่เรื่องสมมติ | Mai Chai Ruang Som Mut | Jirakit Thawornwong (Mek) |
| ที่สุดในโลก | Tee Sud Nai Lohk | Thanat Lowkhunsombat (Lee) Sarunchana Apisamaimongkol (Aye) |
| นี่แหละความรัก | Nee Lae Kwahm Ruk | Tanutchai Wijitvongtong (Mond) |
# Ammons Quick Test

Ammons Quick Test (QT) is an intelligence test that was designed in 1962 by Robert B. Ammons and his wife Carol H. Ammons. This test has been used for many years to help assess premorbid intelligence. It is a passive response picture-vocabulary test.

## History

The QT is partly derived from a previous psychological measurement, the Full-Range Picture Vocabulary Test (FRPV), primarily developed by Richard B. Ammons with the contributions of several other psychologists in his clinic. At the time, the QT, just like the FRVP, was envisioned as a brief verbal-perceptual test that could measure both children and adults with intellectual or physical disabilities. The QT was also meant to be an improvement of the FRPV, which had issues with measuring extreme responses due to the lack of limited variation in item difficulty. It also meant to serve as a shorter version of the FRPV, albeit with different items.

## Development

During its initial testing phase, Ammons checked the QT's validity by measuring its concurrent validity, which was done by correlating the items with existing psychological tests that also measured verbal-perceptual skills, such as the Ohio State Psychological Examination and the Iowa Test of Basic Skills. The QT's items yielded item validity coefficients in a range from r = .13 to r = .96. The QT also had sufficient reliability coefficients, with a range of r = 0.60 to r = 0.96. The QT was tested across various genders and ethnicities and included individuals who are not part of the target population.
Other researchers, such as Martha T. Mednick, also conducted several studies to test the QT's robustness. Her study in 1969 which tested the QT on 2,213 male students found that the QT had a validity coefficient range of r = 0.37 to r = 0.68 when the QT scores are correlated with several short-form intelligence measures, which included an anagram task and a numerical reasoning test battery.
The QT results also correlate well with the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) Full Scale IQ. The Quick Test raw score of 46 translates to a WAIS IQ score of 110, which is in the high average range of intellectual functioning for an adult.

## Recent validation

There have been several attempts to re-validate the QT in different populations and cultures. One of these was done in 2013 on a sample of 236 people, across several age ranges, ethnicity, and gender. The study found that the QT's original items had a validity coefficient range of r = .61 to r = .91 when the scores are correlated with a number of other intelligence tests, including the Weschler tests.
# Lazbuddie Independent School District

Lazbuddie Independent School District is a public school district based in the community of Lazbuddie, Texas (USA). Located in Parmer County, a small portion of the district extends into Castro County.
Lazbuddie ISD has one school Lazbuddie High School that serves students in grades pre-kindergarten through twelve.

## Academic achievement

In 2009, the school district was rated "recognized" by the Texas Education Agency.

## Special programs
### Athletics

Lazbuddie High School plays six-man football.
# World Deserts Foundation

World Deserts Foundation (Fondation Deserts du Monde) is an Algerian non-governmental and intergovernmental organization. Its headquarters are located in Ghardaia, Algeria. Its mission is to promote sustainable development of desert regions.
World Deserts Foundation is one of the organizations participating on a continuing basis as the observer in the United Nations Economic and Social Council.
The Foundation has been established in 2002. It has created by the Algerian politician and then Minister of Tourism, Cherif Rahmani, as means to receive a share of funds from United Nations Development Programme allocated to the project overseen by the Algerian Ministry of Culture, as well as to provide a government-friendly, but officially independent and non-government partner for the purpose of securing funding that is not meant to be allocated to public institutions. For that reason, the Foundation has been criticized as a tool to misuse development funds and exclude proper civil society organizations who are less supportive of the government or have less ties to the current administration.

## References.

* 1 2 3 Jeremy Keenan (18 October 2013). The Sahara: Past, Present and Future. Routledge. pp. 336–340. ISBN 978-1-317-97001-9.
* ↑ United Nations (15 December 2013). Resolutions and Decisions of the Economic and Social Council: Sessions 2012. United Nations Publications. pp. 118–. GGKEY:UG243UESRLE.
* 1 2 Jeremy Keenan (2 August 2004). The Lesser Gods of the Sahara: Social Change and Indigenous Rights. Routledge. pp. 12–. ISBN 978-1-135-75805-9.
* ↑ Jeremy Keenan (2 August 2004). The Lesser Gods of the Sahara: Social Change and Indigenous Rights. Routledge. pp. 214–. ISBN 978-1-135-75805-9.
* ↑ ECOSOC observers, Part V Archived 22 September 2013 at the Wayback Machine
* This article about an organization in Africa is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
* This Algeria-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Robert Sproule

Robert Sproule (16 March 1881 – 16 July 1948) was an Irish-born Australian public servant and politician who served as Solicitor General for New South Wales from 1920 until 1922.

## Early life

Sproule was born in Omagh in County Tyrone to farmer William Sproule and Mary Ann Clisdell. He attended the Crown Street Public School until he was 14, leaving to work as a correspondence clerk and bookkeeper, continuing his education at night school, He sat the public service exam in March 1899, and was appointed a junior clerk in the Petty Sessions office of the Justice Department at Goulburn, transferring to Redfern in December 1901. He passed a further examination for promotion in April 1904.
He studied at the University of Sydney, receiving his Bachelor of Arts in 1907 and a Bachelor of Law in 1913. He was a court reporter from 1912 to 1919, and was called to the bar in 1913. In 1919 he was appointed the first head of the Legal Aid office.

## Politics

Sproule was appointed Solicitor General in the Storey ministry on 15 April 1920, appointed as a Labor member of the Legislative Council apparently by virtue of his office in what Keith Mason described as the effective beginning of the de-politicsation of the office. The Sunday Times took a different view, describing him as the Cassius of the state ministry who had proved himself a very able conspirator for the good of the ministry. Sproule continued to hold the office in the first and second Dooley ministries. The National Advocate, which had a reputation as the mouthpiece of the Labor Party, described Sproule as having practical experience in all the courts. There is nothing to indicate that Sproule appeared in court in his role as Solicitor General, with the National Advocate emphasising his law reform and political role in administering the courts. The Sunday Times and the Barrier Miner speculated that he may be appointed a judge, however nothing came of that.
In 1927 he left the bar to become a solicitor, working with Richard Meagher.
He was expelled from Labor in July 1931 because he refused to sign the Lang pledge, which required loyalty to the Premier, Jack Lang, the state executive and the Lang plan. Despite his expulsion, Sproule continued to vote for Lang legislation.
The Legislative Council was re-constituted in 1934 to one where members were elected, not directly by the people, but by a joint sitting of the New South Wales Parliament with 60 members having a 12-year term, elected in four groups of 15 members. Sproule was one of 126 candidates however he was excluded early in the count for each of the elections.
He retired from politics and continued to work as a solicitor until his death.

## Personal life and death

On 15 March 1911 he married Effie Stevenson, however she died from pneumonia on 12 August 1921. Sproule died at Parramatta on 17 July 1948(1948-07-17) (aged 67).
# 1978 Benson & Hedges Championships

The 1978 Benson & Hedges Championships, also known as the Wembley Championships, was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts at the Wembley Arena in London in England that was part of the 1978 Colgate-Palmolive Grand Prix. The tournament was held from 14 November until 18 November 1978. Third-seeded John McEnroe won the singles title.

## Finals
### Singles

John McEnroe defeated Tim Gullikson 6–7, 6–4, 7–6, 6–2
* It was McEnroe's 4th singles title of the year and of his career.

### Doubles

Peter Fleming / John McEnroe defeated Bob Hewitt / Frew McMillan 7–6, 4–6, 6–4
# PureNRG (trance group)

PureNRG are a live electronic music act, composed of members Solarstone and Giuseppe Ottaviani.

## Biography

The name of the act was derived from Solarstone's 'Pure Trance' label, and Giuseppe's previous act 'Nu NRG'.
The duo began producing and performing together in 2015, and have since performed in clubs and at festivals regularly. When performing live, they use a custom designed set-up including many of the instruments and much of the equipment used to produce their music in the studio.
In 2016 they released the track 'Secret of the Sahara', which utilises a sample of a track by the same name, originally composed by Ennio Morricone. This was notable as Ennio has not allowed any of his music to be utilised in electronic music in over 20 years.

## Discography

Singles
| Year | Name | Release Date | Notes |
| 2015 | Pump up the NRG | 04-06-2015 | |
| 2015 | Era | 16-10-2015 | |
| 2016 | Secret of the Sahara | 29-02-2016 | Utilises a sample of 'Secret of the Sahara' by Ennio Morricone |
| 2016 | Scarlett | 18-07-2016 | |
| 2017 | Marmion – Schoneberg (PureNRG Remix) | 09-01-2017 | |
| 2017 | Prophecy | 06-02-2017 | Anthem for Istoria 2017 Trance Event |
| 2017 | Cala Blanca | 22-05-2017 | |
| 2017 | Midnight Blue | 29-09-2017 | |
| 2017 | Armin van Buuren feat. Josh Cumbee – Sunny Days (PureNRG Remix) | 19-10-2017 | |
| 2017 | BT Feat. JES – Every Other Way (PureNRG Remix) | 15-12-2017 | |
| 2018 | Chrysalis | 15-10-2018 | |
# Woolloongabba railway station

Woolloongabba railway station is a railway station currently under construction as part of the Cross River Rail project in the Brisbane suburb of Woolloongabba.
The new station will be located underground, beneath The Gabba, and will consist of two platforms with a connection to the nearby bus station. Construction commenced in November 2019, and it is scheduled to open in 2026. The platforms are being built at a depth of 27 metres, and will have a length of 220 metres.
The station will feature artwork by local artist Elisa Jane Carmichael.

## Construction

The station is built using a full cavern construction method. It was important to design lifts and elevators that can handle the expected surge capacity during large sports events at the nearby Gabba. Similar to Boggo Road railway station the ground is heavily fractured, but at Woolloongabba the cavern sits underneath a layer of that kind of rock. The cavern was excavated using roadheaders.
During construction a toothpaste box, a perfume bottle and bottles that once contained alcohol as well as other food items were found. Animal bones, including pig, sheep goats and cows and pieces of leather from shoes, shoe soles, leather belts and off cuts were also discovered.
The station served as the main support site for the construction project. It was centrally located and had adequate space for materials that created handling and logistical support efficiencies. The site handled the majority of spoil handling movements, having good access to the Pacific Motorway.
The first of several escalators were installed by September 2023, marking the move to the mechanical and electrical fit out phase of construction. A total of 24 escalators will be installed.