OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 1993 in the environment

This is a list of notable events relating to the environment in 1993. They relate to environmental law, conservation (ethion), environmentalism and environmental issues.

## Events

* Residents in the vicinity of the polluted Lago Agrio oil field hire lawyers to force former well operator Texaco and its now parent company Chevron Corporation to clean up the area and to provide for the care of those affected.
* The former New Zealand territorial authority district of Waitakere City declares itself to be an eco-city.

### August

* The Taejon Expo '93 three-month international exposition was held between Saturday, August 7, 1993, and Sunday, November 7, 1993, in the central South Korean city of Daejeon. The theme of the exposition was "The Challenge of a New Road of Development", with various other sub-themes related to sustainable and "green" development.

### December

* The Convention on Biological Diversity, known informally as the Biodiversity Convention, enters into force. It is an international legally binding treaty.
# Austrian identity card

The Austrian identity card is issued to Austrian citizens. It can be used as a travel document when visiting countries in the EEA (EU plus EFTA) countries, Europe's microstates, Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Georgia, Kosovo, Moldova, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Northern Cyprus, Serbia, Montserrat, the French overseas territories, and on organized tours to Tunisia. Only around 10 % of the citizens of Austria had this card in 2012, as they can use the Austrian driver's licenses or other identity cards domestically and the more widely accepted Austrian passport abroad.
German names containing umlauts (ä, ö, ü) and/or ß are spelled in the correct way in the non-machine-readable zone of the passport, but with simple vowel + E and/or SS in the Machine Readable Zone, e.g. Müller becomes MUELLER, Groß becomes GROSS, and Gößmann becomes GOESSMANN.
The transcription mentioned above is generally used for airplane tickets etc., but sometimes (like in US visas) also simple vowels are used (MULLER, GOSSMANN). The three possible spelling variants of the same name (e.g. Müller / Mueller / Muller) in different documents sometimes lead to confusion, and the use of two different spellings within the same document (like in the passport) may give people who are unfamiliar with the German orthography the impression that the document is a forgery.
Austrian identity cards and passports may (but do not always) contain a trilingual (in German, English, and French) explanation of the German umlauts and ß, e.g. 'ß' entspricht / is equal to / correspond a 'SS'.
# 2008 Challenge Cup final

The 2008 Challenge Cup Final was the final game of the 2008 Challenge Cup, also known as The Carnegie Challenge Cup for sponsorship reasons. The match was contested by two Super League teams: the defending champions St. Helens, and Hull F.C.
The final was performed at Wembley Stadium on 30 August 2008, started at 14:30 BST. St Helens won the match 28-16 after a topsy-turvy game, ahead by 10 points at half time, then went 12-10 before roaring back to win by a clear margin.

## Route to the final
### St Helens

St Helens as a Super League club entered the competition in the fourth round. St Helens started by thrashing National League Two side London Skolars 56-0. In Round 5 St Helens narrowly beat fellow Super League side Warrington Wolves by 40–34. In the quarter finals, St Helens again recorded narrow victory against Hull KR, winning by 24 points to 18. The first semi-final between St Helens and Leeds Rhinos finished 26-16 sending St Helens to the final.
| Round | Opposition | Score |
| 4th | London Skolars (H) | 56–0 |
| 5th | Warrington Wolves (H) | 40–34 |
| QF | Hull KR (A) | 34–18 |
| SF | Leeds Rhinos (N) | 26–16 |

### Hull F.C.

Hull F.C. as Super League club also entered the competition in the fourth round. Hull F.C. started by thrashing National League Two side Rochdale Hornets 42-5. In Round 5 Hull comfortably beat National League One side Widnes. In the quarter finals, Hull recorded a narrow victory against Bradford, winning by 22 to 16. The second semi-final between Hull and Wakefield Trinity Wildcats saw a victory of 32-24 to place Hull into the final.
| Round | Opposition | Score |
| 4th | Rochdale Hornets (A) | 42–5 |
| 5th | Widnes Vikings (A) | 32–18 |
| QF | Bradford Bulls (A) | 22–16 |
| SF | Wakefield Trinity Wildcats (N) | 32–24 |

## Match details

* 30 August 2008
| St. Helens | 28 v 16 | Hull F.C. |
| Tries: Gidley 8' m Meli 18' c, 65' c Wilkin 71' c Pryce 78' c Goals: Long (4) | Report | Tries: Yeaman 44' c, 63' c Raynor 74' m Goals: Tickle (2) |
* Wembley Stadium, London Attendance: 82,821 Referee: Steve Ganson Player of the Match: Paul Wellens
Teams:
St Helens: Paul Wellens, Ade Gardner, Matthew Gidley, Willie Talau, Francis Meli, Leon Pryce, Sean Long, Bryn Hargreaves, Keiron Cunningham, James Graham, Chris Flannery, Jon Wilkin, Paul Sculthorpe Replacements: James Roby, Lee Gilmour, Paul Clough, Maurie Fa'asavalu Coach: Daniel Anderson
Hull: Todd Byrne, Matt Sing, Graeme Horne, Kirk Yeaman, Gareth Raynor, Danny Washbrook, Tommy Lee, Ewan Dowes, Shaun Berrigan, Peter Cusack, Willie Manu, Danny Tickle, Lee Radford (c), Replacements: Richard Horne, Garreth Carvell, Tom Briscoe, Jamie Thackray Coach: Richard Agar
# Speedway Grand Prix of Germany

The Speedway Grand Prix of Germany is a speedway event that is a part of the Speedway Grand Prix Series.

## History

The inaugural German Grand Prix was held at the Motorstadion Abensberg in 1995. From 2016 to 2023, the event was staged at the Bergring Arena in Teterow.
In 2024, Mikkel Michelsen won his maiden Grand Prix.

## Winners

| | Season | City | Stadium | Winner | |
| 1 | 1995 | Abensberg | Motorstadion | Tommy Knudsen | result |
| 2 | 1996 | Pocking | Rottalstadion | Hans Nielsen | result |
| 3 | 1997 | Landshut | Ellermühle | Hans Nielsen | result |
| 4 | 1998 | Pocking | Rottalstadion | Tony Rickardsson | result |
| 5 | 2001 | Berlin | F. L. Jahn Stadium | Tomasz Gollob | result |
| 6 | 2007 | Gelsenkirchen | Veltins-Arena | Andreas Jonsson | result |
| 7 | 2008 | Bydgoszcz | Polonia Bydgoszcz Stadium* | Tomasz Gollob | result |
| 8 | 2016 | Teterow | Bergring Arena | Jason Doyle | result |
| 9 | 2017 | Teterow | Bergring Arena | Matej Žagar | result |
| 10 | 2018 | Teterow | Bergring Arena | Tai Woffinden | result |
| 11 | 2019 | Teterow | Bergring Arena | Maciej Janowski | result |
| 12 | 2022 | Teterow | Bergring Arena | Patryk Dudek | result |
| 13 | 2023 | Teterow | Bergring Arena | Bartosz Zmarzlik | result |
| 14 | 2024 | Landshut | Ellermühle | Mikkel Michelsen | result |
| 15 | 2025 | Landshut | Ellermühle | | result |
* Due to inclement weather, the FIM deemed that track at the Veltins-Arena in Gelsenkirchen to be unsafe and the German GP was re-staged a week later in Bydgoszcz, Poland.

## Most wins

Hans Nielsen & Tomasz Gollob - 2 times
# Underground (1970 film)

Underground is a 1970 American war drama film directed by Arthur H. Nadel, written by Ron A. Bishop and Andy Lewis, and starring Robert Goulet, Danielle Gaubert, Lawrence Dobkin, Carl Duering, Joachim Hansen and Roger Delgado. It was released on October 7, 1970, by United Artists.

## Production

Many of the scenes set in England were actually filmed in the Republic of Ireland, in the town of Enniscorthy. Buildings seen in the film included St Aidan's Cathedral, Enniscorthy railway station, Lett's Brewery, Abbey Square and the rowing club boathouse.

## Plot

During World War II, an American intelligence agent in England, ashamed for having yielded information to the Germans during a previous capture, attempts to redeem himself by contriving his way into a French resistance group, with his ultimate plan being to kidnap a valuable German general and obtain his secrets.

## Cast

* Robert Goulet as Dawson
* Danielle Gaubert as Yvonne
* Lawrence Dobkin as Boule
* Carl Duering as General Stryker
* Joachim Hansen as Major Hessler
* Roger Delgado as Xavier
* Alexander Peleg as Moravin
* George Pravda as Menk
* Leon Lissek as Sergeant
* Harry Brooks Jr. as Panzer Sergeant
* Sebastian Breaks as Condon
* Nicole Croisille as Bistro Singer
* Derry Power as Pommard
* Paul Murphy as Jean
* Gerry Sullivan as Fosse
* Eamonn Keane as Emile
* Andre Charisse as Gerrard
* Andreas Malandrinos as Jacquard
* Liam O'Callaghan as Imhoff
* David Leland as Paul
* Robert Vincent Smith as Sentry
* Martin Crosbie as RAF Sergeant
* Jim Bartley as First Maquis
* Gerry Alexander as Second Maquis
* Chris O'Neill as Aid Man
* Bill Golding as German Staff Sergeant
* Fred Meany as Enlisted Man
* Stephen Follett as Boy in Church
* Maura Keeley as Mother
* Frank Hayden as Motorcycle Lieutenant
* Bob Carlile as Corporal
* Conor Evans as German Officer in Church
* Brendan Matthews as German Officer
* Joe Pilkington as Enlisted Man
* Barry Cowan as First Radarman
* Jeremy Jones as Second Radarman
* with various roles dubbed by Robert Rietty
# Hop-o'-Nose Knitting Mill

The Hop-o'-Nose Knitting Mill was a structure representative of the industrial history of Catskill, New York in the nineteenth century. The mill was built by Wolfe Bros., carpenters, and Mull & Fromer, Masons and Builders, in 1881 at 130 West Main Street. West Main Street is located on the western side of Catskill Creek, while East Main Street is on the eastern side of the creek. The mill was named to the National Register of Historic Places in 1995 as Hop-O-Nose Knitting Mill. It has since been demolished, with the exception of the tower, which remains overlooking a lot full of brick demolition debris.
# 2010 Hebei tractor rampage

17 people were killed in an apparently spontaneous mass murder rampage in August 2010 in Yuanshi County, Hebei, China, by an intoxicated man driving a bucket loader. At least 20 others were wounded in the attack.

## Rampage

The rampage began when a coal worker, who had been drinking and had a blood alcohol content of 154 milligrams per 100 millilitres, had an argument. Early reports said his first intended victim was a customer, whom he tried to kill. The customer escaped, but another nearby was killed as the rampage began. A later report said that the first person killed was the murderer's boss, with whom he had been arguing about money.
The attacker smashed into cars, motorcycles, buses, shops and trees. A passersby jumped onto the tractor, and one stabbed the driver in an attempt to stop the attack. The killer tried to attack the passersby with a crowbar and a brick before being subdued. At least eight of the victims died at the scene of the attack, while at least another three died in a hospital. The youngest victim was five years old. The rampage lasted for about an hour.

## Aftermath

The attack followed unrelated attacks on schools elsewhere in China; the Chinese government removed some mentions of the incidents from the internet in China for fear that mass coverage of such violence can provoke copycat attacks. The various attacks on anonymous people and an attack on police have resulted in calls for better mental health care, as mental health problems often go undiagnosed and untreated in China. As a result, 550 new mental health clinics were opened and security was increased outside primary schools and nurseries all over China.
# List of films shot in Martinique

A number of film and television productions have been filmed in Martinique.
This is an incomplete list of films, TV films, soap operas, and documentaries shot in Martinique, classified by shooting location and broadcast date.

## Contents

* A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

## Location to be established

* 1971 : Troubleshooters by Georges Lautner
* 1975 : Lovers Like Us by Jean-Paul Rappeneau
* 1979 : Concorde Affaire '79 by Ruggero Deodato
* 1989 : A Dry White Season by Euzhan Palcy
* 1992: Siméon by Euzhan Palcy
* 1990 : La Fête des pères by Joy Fleury
* 1994 : L'Exil du roi Behanzin by Guy Deslauriers
* 1999 : The Thomas Crown Affair (1999 film) by John McTiernan
* 2002 : The Truth About Charlie by Jonathan Demme
* 2004 : Heading South by Laurent Cantet
* 2009 : Aliker by Guy Deslauriers
* 2011 : Bienvenue à bord by Éric Lavaine
* 2011: Gros sur mon coeur by Chloé Glotin
* 2012 : 30° Couleur by Lucien Jean-Baptiste and Philippe Larue
* 2014: Chapeau Bas, Quoi! by Christophe Agelan and NENEB
* 2017: BOC by NENEB
* 2018: The Sea Between Us by Stephanie Saxenard
* 2018: Goyave by NENEB
* 2018: Neg Matinik, an pep anba dominasyon kolonial by Jahi Muntuka
* 2019-2020: Your Angel: Success Story director: Khris Burton
* 2022: Antan Lontan by Patrick Baucelin

## B

* Basse-Pointe :
** 2012 : Toussaint Louverture (film) by Philippe Niang
* Fort-de-France :
** 1983 : Sugar Cane Alley by Euzhan Palcy
** 1990 : Promotion canapé by Didier Kaminka (Former spa town of Absalon)
* Le Diamant
** 1994 : Television show L'Instit by Pierre Grimblat, Didier Cohen and Gérard Marx with Gérard Klein episode "Une seconde chance" (A Second Chance)
* Le François :
** 1999 : Belle maman de Gabriel Aghion (Habitation Clément)
* Le Lamentin :
** 1990 : Promotion canapé by Didier Kaminka
* Les Anses-d'Arlet
** 1990 : Promotion canapé by Didier Kaminka
* Les Trois-Îlets :
** 1983 : Sugar Cane Alley by Euzhan Palcy

## R

* Rivière-Salée :
** 1983 : Sugar Cane Alley by Euzhan Palcy

## S

* Sainte-Anne :
** 1990 : Promotion canapé by Didier Kaminka
* Saint-Pierre
** 2004 : Biguine by Guy Deslauriers

## Notes, sources et références

* L2TC.com - Lieux de Tournage Cinématographique
* Quels films ou séries se sont tournés près de chez vous ? Cliquez sur votre région
# Opsarius pulchellus

Opsarius pulchellus, is a species of fish in the family Danionidae, with the largest individual recorded being 11 cm long.
"Pulchellus" is a Latin diminutive meaning "beautiful".

## Range

O. pulchellus inhabits Indochina (Mekong River) and a small part of China (along the Mekong). They are mainly found in fast flowing rivers or clear hill streams.

## Diet

O. pulchellus feeds mainly on the surface of the water, feeding on dead insects that land on the surface.

## Threats

O. pulchellus are rarely found in markets, but are exploited by subsistence fisheries and occasionally for the aquarium trade. Habitat degradation through sedimentation increase (e.g. by large-scale damming) may become problematic in the future, especially along the Mekong and Chao Phraya.
# Josaphat Kotsylovsky

Josaphat Joseph Kotsylovsky (Ukrainian: Йосафат Йосиф Коциловський) was a Ukrainian Greek Catholic bishop and martyr.
Kotsylovsky was born 3 March 1876 in the village of Pakoszowka (then Austria-Hungary, now Poland), of the Lemko Region, Sianok district, Kotsylovsky was of Lemko origin, and Ukrainian national orientation.
After graduating from the elementary folk school in Lesko he studied at the Sanok and Sambir gymnasia. From 1896 he studied at the law department of Lviv University. Soon he interrupted the studio and graduated from the school of artillery in Vienna, and of 1900 he was sent to serve in the Lviv garrison. After leaving the military service, and with the assistance of the Przemysl Bishop Kostyantyn Chekhovych, he began the philosophical and theological studies in Rome. He studied theology in Rome and graduated in 1907, later that year on 9 October he was ordained to the priesthood. Soon after, he was made vice-rector and professor of theology at the Greek-Catholic seminary in Stanislaviv.
On 2 October 1911 he entered the Order of Saint Basil the Great. On 23 September 1917 Kotsylovsky was ordained bishop in Przemyśl (Poland) by Andrey Sheptytsky. As bishop, he worked to improve the church's educational system and supported monastic orders. He also took steps to combat the rising Russophile movement by appointing Ukrainian priests and funding Ukrainian language journals.
On 10 July 1941 he welcomed the Wehrmacht forces entering Przemyśl. On 4 July 1943 Kotsylovsky led a Mass in the name of the volunteers entering the 14th SS Division.
At the end of World War II, Communist Poland assisted the Soviet Union with the liquidation of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church. In September 1945 the Polish security service arrested Kotsylovsky, then released him and arrested him again in 1946. They then handed him over to the Soviet security service. He died on 17 November 1947 in a prison camp near Kyiv.
He was beatified by Pope John Paul II on 27 June 2001.
The relics of Josaphat Kotsylovsky are kept in the church of the Annunciation of the Blessed Virgin Mary in Stryi.

## Testimony of Father Josaphat Kavatsiv

Josaphat Kavatsiv states a second hand account of Bishop Josaphat Kotsylovskyi martyrdom as following:
"I came to the Protection Monastery and the hegumena [prioress] told me the story. When Bishop Kotsylovskyi was arrested, their Orthodox bishop of Kyiv was arrested at the same time. When they brought a package to Chapaievka, the Orthodox bishop said: 'Uniate Bishop Josaphat Kotsylovskyi is confined in the same camp with me.' And he asked these nuns, if they could, to bring a package to Bishop Josaphat as well. So they brought packages- one for each of the bishops... Once when she brought a package, the bishop said that Kotsylovskyi had died. And he asked her, because the dead were all thrown into one hole, if they could borrow some money or get some money somewhere. He asked her 'to bury him in a separate grave, because this was a holy man.'"
# Gymnastics at the 2010 Commonwealth Games – Men's vault

The Men's vault event took place on 8 October 2010 at the Indira Gandhi Arena.

## Final

| Position | Gymnast | D Score | E Score | Penalty | Score 1 | D Score | E Score | Penalty | Score 2 | Total |
| | Luke Folwell (ENG) | 6.600 | 9.250 | | 15.850 | 6.600 | 9.075 | | 15.675 | 15.762 |
| | Ashish Kumar (IND) | 7.000 | 9.150 | | 16.150 | 6.600 | 8.175 | 0.3 | 14.475 | 15.312 |
| | Ian Galvan (CAN) | 6.600 | 8.775 | 0.3 | 15.075 | 6.200 | 9.100 | 0.3 | 15.000 | 15.037 |
| 4 | Reiss Beckford (ENG) | 5.800 | 9.175 | 0.1 | 14.875 | 6.600 | 8.525 | | 15.125 | 15.000 |
| 5 | Patrick Peng (NZL) | 6.200 | 8.875 | | 15.075 | 6.200 | 9.025 | 0.3 | 14.925 | 15.000 |
| 6 | Clinton Purnell (WAL) | 6.200 | 8.875 | 0.1 | 14.975 | 6.200 | 8.800 | 0.3 | 14.700 | 14.837 |
| 7 | Grant Gardiner (WAL) | 6.200 | 8.775 | | 14.975 | 6.200 | 8.275 | 0.1 | 14.375 | 14.675 |
| 8 | Thomas Pichler (AUS) | 6.200 | 7.950 | 0.3 | 13.850 | 5.400 | 9.300 | | 14.700 | 14.275 |
| Position | Gymnast | Vault 1 | Vault 1 | Vault 1 | Vault 1 | Vault 2 | Vault 2 | Vault 2 | Vault 2 | Total |
# Sven-Åke Nilsson

Sven-Åke Nilsson (born 13 September 1951) is a Swedish retired road racing cyclist. His sporting career began with CK Ringen Malmö. He was a professional cyclist from 1977 until his retirement in 1984.
For half a decade early in his career he was among the strongest GC Contenders and often among the top 10 overall during the Tour de France while riding for the very strong Miko–Mercier squads, who also included riders like Christian Seznec, Raymond Martin and Joop Zoetemelk. In the 1978 Tour de France he finished 11th, in 1979 12th, 1980 7th and in 1981 he finished 8th. He had a stage win and 3rd place overall in the 1982 Vuelta, and a few months later he rode the Tour for the final time in the 1982 Tour de France, and finished 14th.
Other career highlights include two stage wins in Paris–Nice and competing at the 1972 Summer Olympics and 1976 Summer Olympics.

## Major results
### 1972

    1st Road race, National Amateur Road Championships

### 1974

    1st Team time trial, UCI Road World Championships

### 1976

    1st Overall Tour de l'Avenir
       1st Stage 1

### 1978

    11th Overall Tour de France

### 1979

    1st Tour de Corse
    1st Étoile des Espoirs
    2nd Overall Paris–Nice
       1st Stage 4
    3rd Overall Critérium International
    3rd Amstel Gold Race
    12th Overall Tour de France

### 1980

    1st Stage 2 Critérium International
    2nd La Flèche Wallonne
    7th Overall Tour de France

### 1981

    1st Overall Setmana Catalana de Ciclisme
    8th Overall Tour de France

### 1982

    1st Stage 2 Paris–Nice
    3rd Overall Vuelta a España
       1st Stage 10
    14th Overall Tour de France

### 1983

    2nd Giro della Romagna
# Kamienica, Limanowa County

Kamienica is a village in Limanowa County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Kamienica. It lies approximately 17 kilometres (11 mi) south-west of Limanowa and 62 km (39 mi) south-east of the regional capital Kraków.

## Notable residents

* Czesław Kukuczka (1935–1974), one of only two known foreign nationals (non-German descent and non-German resident) casualty of the Berlin Wall.
# Peter Courtenay (KG)

Sir Peter Courtenay (1346–1405) was a soldier, knight of the shire, Chamberlain to King Richard II and a famous jouster. His principal seat was Hardington Mandeville, Somerset.

## Biography

He was the fifth son of Hugh de Courtenay, 2nd Earl of Devon (1303–1377) by his wife Margaret de Bohun (died 1391). He had several highly prominent elder brothers, but was the most flamboyant of them all:
* Sir Hugh Courtenay, KG, (1326–1349).
* Thomas Courtenay, Prebendary of Cutton, cleric.
* Sir Edward Courtenay (1329–1372). Born at Haccombe, Devon. He was an ancestor of Edward Courtenay, 1st Earl of Devon (1485 creation) (died 1509).
* Robert Courtenay of Moreton
* William Courtenay (1342–1396), Archbishop of Canterbury.
* Sir Philip Courtenay (c.1345–1406) of Powderham.
Courtenay was knighted by the Black Prince after the Battle of Najera in 1367, at the same time as his brother Sir Philip. In 1378 whilst on a naval expedition with his brother Sir Philip, under the command of Richard FitzAlan, 11th Earl of Arundel and William de Montacute, 2nd Earl of Salisbury, the fleet was attacked by Spaniards off the coast of Brittany and Sir Peter and his brother were captured. His ransom was paid by two wealthy burgesses of Bristol.
Courtenay married Margaret Clyvedon, daughter of John de Clyvedon by his wife Elizabeth. He died on 2 February 1405 and was buried in Exeter Cathedral, where his monumental brass, much worn-away, exists set into a slab in the floor of the south aisle. It was reported by Lysons in 1822 as being then situated further to the west in or near the now demolished Courtenay chantry chapel, near to the chest tomb of his parents, which has also been moved. He is shown full-length, in armour, with hands together in prayer. His figure is surrounded by a ledger line on which was formerly visible the following inscribed Latin verse, transcribed by John Prince in his Worthies of Devon:
   Devoniae natus, comitis Petrusque vocatus, Regis cognatus, camerarius intitulatus: Calisiae gratus, capitaneus ense probatus. Vitae privatus, fuit hinc super astra relatus. Et quia sublatus, de mundo transit amatus. Caelo firmatus, maneat, sine fine beatus.
Prince included the following English translation:
   The Earl of Devonshire's son, Peter by name, Kin to the King, Lord Chamberlain of fame. Captain of Calais, for arms well approved; Who dying, was above the stars removed. And well beloved, went from the world away, To lead a blessed life in Heaven for aye.