OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Rebecca Stokell

Rebecca Stokell (born 13 March 2000) is an Irish cricketer. She made her Women's One Day International cricket (WODI) debut against South Africa in the 2017 South Africa Quadrangular Series on 11 May 2017. She plays in the Women's Super Series for Typhoons.
In June 2018, she was named in Ireland's squad for the 2018 ICC Women's World Twenty20 Qualifier tournament. In October 2018, she was named in Ireland's squad for the 2018 ICC Women's World Twenty20 tournament in the West Indies. The following month, she was named the Female Academy Player of the Year at the annual Cricket Ireland Awards.
In May 2019, she was named in Ireland's Women's Twenty20 International (WT20I) squad for their series against the West Indies. She made her WT20I debut for Ireland against the West Indies on 26 May 2019.
In August 2019, she was named in Ireland's squad for the 2019 ICC Women's World Twenty20 Qualifier tournament in Scotland. In July 2020, she was awarded a non-retainer contract by Cricket Ireland for the following year. In November 2021, she was named in Ireland's team for the 2021 Women's Cricket World Cup Qualifier tournament in Zimbabwe.
Stokell was named in the Ireland squad for the T20I part of their tour to Bangladesh in November 2024.
# W. D. Hudson

William Donald Hudson, who published as W. D. Hudson (1920-1 November 2003) was an English Baptist minister and philosopher. He wrote on ethics, philosophy of religion, and the philosophy of Wittgenstein.
# 1557 in Norway

"none" is preferred when the title is sufficiently descriptive
Events in the year 1557 in Norway.

## Incumbents

* Monarch: Christian III

## Events

* 22 January – Jon Guttormssøn resign as Bishop of Stavanger.

## Deaths

* 9 March - Gjeble Pederssøn, bishop (born c. 1490).
# Anolis nicefori

Anolis nicefori, Niceforo's Andes anole, is a species of lizard in the family Dactyloidae. The species is found in Venezuela and Colombia.
# Filipowice, Kraków County

Filipowice is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Krzeszowice, within Kraków County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland. It lies approximately 6 kilometres (4 mi) north-west of Krzeszowice and 29 km (18 mi) west of the regional capital Kraków.
# Metropolitan School District of Mt. Vernon

The Metropolitan School District of Mt. Vernon, Indiana, also known as simply the MSD of Mt. Vernon or MSDMV, is the school corporation serving the City of Mt. Vernon and southern Posey County and is the larger of two school districts in the county.
The townships covered by this district include Black, Lynn, Marrs, and Point. The only incorporated community is Mount Vernon, by far the largest community in the county.
The school district comprises five schools, Marrs Elementary, Farmersville Elementary, West Elementary, Mt. Vernon Junior High, Mt. Vernon High school. The district is led by Dr. Matthew Thompson

## History

In 1949 the Indiana Legislature passed a law that allowed school consolidation. By 1953 there had been proposals in Posey County to establish metropolitan school district systems. By 1953 the Rural School Improvement Council (RISC) was promoting such a consolidation for Black, Marrs, and Lynn townships, and a referendum on such was scheduled for May 4, 1954.
Previously Posey County had a county school system, but it transitioned, after a referendum on October 1, 1956 determined it would do so. By December 1956, the consolidations of the school systems into Mt. Vernon schools had occurred. The referendum was held because there were people opposed to the school district consolidations who submitted official documents opposing them.
Point Township was not a part of the October 1956 vote. In November 1956, Point Township joined MSD of Mount Vernon, because the board of the township asked to join.

## Schools

* Mount Vernon Senior High
* Mount Vernon Junior High School
* Farmersville Elementary School
* Marrs Elementary School
* West Elementary School

## Other Facilities

* Southern Indiana Career & Technical Center
* Hedges Central Community Center & Offices

## Nearby districts

* Evansville-Vanderburgh School Corporation
* Metropolitan School District of North Posey County
* Union County Public Schools, Kentucky
* Carmi-White County Public Schools, Illinois
** Carmi-White County High School
# Ralph Schon

Ralph Schon (born 20 January 1990) is a Luxembourgish international footballer who plays club football for FC Wiltz 71, as a goalkeeper.

## Career

Schon has also played club football for FF Norden 02 and FC UNA Strassen.
He made his international debut for Luxembourg in 2016 in a 3:1 away loss to the Netherlands in a 2018 FIFA World Cup qualification match.
Schon's final appearance for Luxembourg came as a substitute in a 2-2 UEFA Nations League draw against Northern Ireland on 18 November 2024.
# Mary Quirk

Mary Lilly May Quirk (née Deal; 7 December 1880 – 4 March 1952) was an Australian politician. She was a member of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly from 1939 to 1950, winning the seat of Balmain after the death of her husband John Quirk. She was associated with the Lang Labor faction of the Australian Labor Party (ALP) and stood against endorsed ALP candidates on several occasions.

## Early life

Quirk was born on 7 December 1880 in Coonamble, New South Wales. She was the second child born to Emma Margretta (née White) and Julius Franz Frederick Deal.
Quirk moved to Sydney as a child where her father worked as a butcher in Balmain. She attended Rozelle Superior Public School. After leaving school she worked as a domestic servant until her marriage to John Kelly in 1898. She later worked as a shop assistant, including with Grace Bros, and was a member of the Shop Assistants' Union of New South Wales. She was widowed in 1926 and remarried the following year to John Quirk, a long-serving member of state parliament. She effectively acted as her husband's campaign manager.

## Politics

Quirk's second husband died in December 1938. She was elected to his seat in the New South Wales Legislative Assembly at the 1939 Balmain state by-election, defeating two "independent Labor" candidates. Her preselection was carried out by the Lang Labor faction of the ALP, and she reportedly defeated eight other candidates including former state attorney-general Joe Lamaro. She pledged her personal support to ALP leader Jack Lang, who backed her candidacy.
Quirk was the second woman elected to the Legislative Assembly, after Millicent Preston-Stanley, and the first from the ALP. She joined Lang's breakaway Australian Labor Party (Non-Communist) in 1940, which rejoined the official ALP the following year. She was re-elected at the 1941, 1944 and 1947 state elections. In April 1950, following a lengthy preselection process, Quirk was defeated for ALP preselection in Balmain by John McMahon. An initial ballot was overturned by the party's disputes committee. She resigned from the ALP on 23 May 1950 to seek re-election as an independent. She was unsuccessful, losing to McMahon at the 1950 state election.

## Personal life

Quirk had one son and three daughters from her first marriage; her son predeceased her. After leaving parliament she was a director of a children's home. She died on 4 March 1952 at Sydney Hospital, aged 71.
# Kara Project

Kara Project is a 2014 South Korean reality television program starring the girl group Kara. It aired on MBC M from May 27 – 1 July 2014.
The program centred around the search to find a new member of Kara, following the departure of its members Nicole and Jiyoung. Seven trainees from DSP Media participated in the show, competing to become part of the group. The winner of the competition was Heo Young-ji, who became Kara's new member.
On February 24, 2015, contestant Ahn So-jin was found to have died from apparent suicide one month after DSP ended their contract with her. She had been a trainee for five years before participating in Kara Project.

## Contestants

| Name | Name | Notes |
| Romanized | Hangul | Notes |
| Ahn So-jin | 안소진 | Former Superstar K1 contestant. |
| Heo Young-ji | 허영지 | Currently a soloist under DSP Media. |
| Cho Shi-yoon | 조시윤 | Former Puretty member and Produce 101 contestant. Currently an actress under DSP Media. |
| Yoon Chae-kyung | 윤채경 | Former Puretty member. Produce 101 contestant. Former member of April. |
| Jeon So-min | 전소민 | Former Puretty member, Former April member, Currently a member of K.A.R.D. |
| Kim Chae-won | 김채원 | Former member of April. |
| Son Yoo-ji | 손유지 | Currently a member of 3YE under GH Entertainment. |

## Results

| Name | Name | Ranking |
| Romanized | Hangul | Ranking |
| Heo Young-ji | 허영지 | 1st |
| Ahn So-jin | 안소진 | 2nd |
| Jeon So-min | 전소민 | 3rd |
| Kim Chae-won | 김채원 | 4th |
| Yoon Chae-kyung | 윤채경 | 5th |
| Cho Shi-yoon | 조시윤 | 6th |
| Son Yoo-ji | 손유지 | 7th |
# Alexandre-Étienne Choron

Alexandre-Étienne Choron (21 October 1771 – 29 June 1834) was a French musicologist. For a short time he directed the Paris Opera. He made a distinction between sacred and secular music and was one of the originators of French interest in musicology.

## Biography

Choron studied mathematics at the Collège de Juilly. Since his father had forbidden him to study music, he taught himself the theories of Jean-Philippe Rameau, followed by lessons in harmony from abbé Roze and Bonesi. Bonesi familiarized him with Italian music and the treatises on fugue and strict counterpoint of Nicola Sala (1713–1801). He drew from these his book Principes de composition des écoles d'Italie. He learned German, studied musical treatises in that language, then undertook to reform all branches of musical activity.
A professor of mathematics at the École Polytechnique since its founding, then a corresponding member of the Académie des Beaux-Arts, Choron was charged in 1811 with reorganizing the choir schools with the title of Director of Music of Religious Ceremonies.
Named director of the Paris Opéra on 18 January 1816, he instituted the reopening of the Paris Conservatory, which had been closed since 1815, under the name of École royale de chant et de déclamation. On 30 March 1817 he was forced to resign the directorship of the Opera, without a pension, as a result of having wanted to make too many radical changes.
In 1817, he founded and directed the Institution royale de musique classique et religieuse. Its influence was considerable. It trained or influenced some of the most important artists of this era, notably the celebrated singers Gilbert Duprez and Rosine Stoltz, and the actress Rachel Felix. It published and had performed publicly very old choral works, including those of Palestrina, Bach and Handel.
With the July Revolution in 1830, the government withdrew his subsidies, and the institution ran into grave difficulties. Choron died soon thereafter in 1834. The institution was resuscitated under the name of Conservatoire royal de musique classique de France or École Niedermeyer by Louis Niedermeyer, who thus ensured the transmission of the principles and teachings of Choron.
Choron published numerous musical works. He also left behind his voluminous papers, preserved at the Bibliothèque nationale de France.

## Works

* 1808: Principes de composition des écoles d’Italie (based on Nicola Sala, teacher at the Pieta dei Turchini conservatory)
* 1810–11, revised 1817: Dictionnaire historique des musiciens, artistes et amateurs, morts ou vivants (with F. Fayolle)
* 1811: Méthode élémentaire de musique et de plain-chant
* 1813: Revised and augmented edition of Traité général des voix et des instruments d'orchestre by L. Francoeur
* 1814–16: translations of theoretical works of Albrechtsberger and F. Azopardi
* 1820: Méthode concertante à 3 parties
* 1820: Méthode de chant
* 1836–39: Manuel complet de musique vocale et instrumentale, ou Encyclopédie musicale (with la Fage)
# Anolis nietoi

Anolis nietoi is a species of anole lizard first found in the Mexican states of Oaxaca, Guerrero, and Puebla. The species has keeled ventral scales.
# International Palladium Medal

The International Palladium Medal is an award given annually by the Société de Chimie Industrielle (American Section) in New York to someone who has made outstanding contributions to the chemical industry on an international level. When founded in 1918, the Société de Chimie Industrielle in New York was an American section of an international organization based in Paris. It is currently an independent society.
The International Palladium Medal was instituted in 1958 and first awarded in 1961. The first recipient was Ernest-John Solvay, for his "untiring efforts to promote freer exchange of both technical information and products of chemistry." The medal has generally been given every two years. It has been awarded to recipients from America, Belgium, France, Germany and Great Britain.

## Recipients

* 1961 Ernest-John Solvay [de]
* 1963 Charles Allen Thomas
* 1964 Monroe Jackson Rathbone II
* 1965 Paul Toinet
* 1967 Henry Smith Wingate
* 1968 Karl Winnacker [de] (50th anniversary congress of the Société de Chimie Industrielle)
* 1972 William Wayne Keeler
* 1974 J. Peter Grace
* 1977 Werner C. Brown
* 1979 Edward R. Kane
* 1981 Paul F. Oreffice
* 1983 Thomas G. Gibian
* 1985 Gerald D. Laubach
* 1987 Harry Corless
* 1989 Konrad M. Weis
* 1991 Robert D. Kennedy
* 1993 Jean-René Fourtou
* 1994 Frank Popoff
* 1995 Edgar S. Woolard, Jr.
* 1997 Thomas L. Gossage
* 1999 Earnest W. Deavenport, Jr.
* 2001 William S. Stavropoulos
* 2003 Vincent A. Calarco
* 2005 Jürgen F. Strube
* 2007 Jeffrey M. Lipton
* 2009 Chad O. Holliday, Jr.
* 2011 Stephanie A. Burns
* 2013 Andrew N. Liveris
* 2015 Ellen Kullman
* 2017, Seifi Ghasemi
* 2019, Pierre Brondeau
# AD 52

AD 52 (LII) was a leap year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Sulla and Otho (or, less frequently, year 805 Ab urbe condita). The denomination AD 52 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

## Events
### By place
#### Roman Empire

* Emperor Claudius attempts to control the Fucine Lake by digging a 5.6 km tunnel through Monte Salviano, requiring 30,000 workers and eleven years.
* Claudius completes the Aqua Claudia and Anio Novus, two aqueduct projects started by Caligula
* In Rome a law prohibits the execution of old and crippled slaves.
* Ananias, a high priest in Jerusalem, is sent to Rome after being accused of violence.
* Barea Soranus is consul suffectus in Rome.
* Pliny the Elder writes his account of the German wars.
* In Britain, governor Publius Ostorius Scapula dies while campaigning against the Silures of south Wales. Following his death, the Roman Second Legion are heavily defeated by the Silures. His replacement is Aulus Didius Gallus, who quells the rebellion and consolidates the gains the Romans have so far made, but does not seek new ones.

#### China

* The Yuejue Shu, the first known gazetteer of China, is written during the Han Dynasty.

### By topic
#### Religion

* Saint Thomas, one of the twelve disciples of Jesus, is believed to have landed in Kodungallur, India to preach the Gospel; the Marthoma Church, the Syro-Malabar Catholic Church, the Malankara Mar Thoma Syrian Church, the Indian Orthodox Church, and the Assyrian Church of the East claim descent from him.

## Deaths

* Gamaliel, Jewish leader (nasi) (approximate date)
* Guo Shengtong, Chinese empress of the Han Dynasty
* Julia Iotapa, queen of Commagene (approximate date)
* Publius Ostorius Scapula, Roman statesman and general
# Metarhizium acridum

Metarhizium acridum is the new name given to a group of fungal isolates that are known to be virulent and specific to the Acrididea (grasshoppers). Previously, this species has had variety status in Metarhizium anisopliae (var. acridum); before that, reference had been made to M. flavoviride or Metarhizium sp. describing an "apparently homologous and distinctive group" of isolates that were most virulent against Schistocerca gregaria (desert locust) in early screening bioassays.

## Biology

M. acridum almost exclusively infects grasshoppers (order Orthoptera): researchers believe that this has to do with the Mest1 gene which is not present in M. acridum. By taking a strain of M. robertsii that has a nonfunctioning Mest1 gene, researchers found that the mutant was only able to infect Melanoplus femurrubrum, which is consistent with M. acridum activity. This allows the initiation of the infection process on the specific targets. The expression of Mest1 in the entomopathogen M. acridum is triggered by substances that are only found on the waxy coat of the grasshoppers, which explains why this pathogen specifically only targets grasshoppers and locusts.

## Applications
### Biological Insecticide

M. acridum has been used to control locusts and other grasshopper pest species: originally by the international LUBILOSA programme (which developed the product Green Muscle). This team identified and addressed key technical challenges for exploitation of microbial control agents, including isolate selection, mass production, and delivery systems (formulation and application). Insect control (mortality) depends on factors such as the number of spores applied against the insect host, the formulation and weather conditions. Oil-based formulations allow the application of fungal spores under dry conditions, and are compatible with existing ultra-low volume (ULV) application techniques for locust control.
As of 2012, M. acridum was under consideration by the USDA for release in the Western U.S. for control of native grasshoppers and crickets.

### Important isolates

* IMI 330189 (= ARSEF 7486) is the ex-type of the species, originally collected from Niger: the active ingredient of 'Green Muscle'.
* CSIRO FI 985 (= ARSEF 324) is an Australian isolate: the active ingredient of 'Green Guard'.
* EVCH077 is the active ingredient of 'NOVACRID'.

## Gallery

* CSIRO isolate infecting Australian plague locusts
# 1772 in Great Britain

Events from the year 1772 in Great Britain.

## Incumbents

* Monarch – George III
* Prime Minister – Frederick North, Lord North (Tory)

## Events

* 24 March – Royal Marriages Act 1772 requires the monarch's consent for the marriage of all members of the royal family.
* 28 May – Staffordshire and Worcestershire Canal open for traffic throughout from a junction with the Trent and Mersey Canal to the River Severn at Stourport. Engineered by James Brindley, this is the first British trunk canal completed and its dimensions determine the size of boat used throughout the narrow canal network (72 feet (22 m) by 7 feet (2.1 m)).
* 10 June – credit crisis of 1772 is triggered when, following the flight of their partner Alexander Fordyce to France, the London banking house of Neal, James, Fordyce and Down (which has been speculating in East India Company stock) suspends payment. The resultant panic causes other banks, particularly in Scotland, to fail, extends to Amsterdam and the Thirteen Colonies of British North America, and threatens the East India Company with bankruptcy.
* 22 June – Somersett's Case: Lord Mansfield, the Lord Chief Justice delivers the decision that slavery is not supported by the common law of England.
* 13 July – navigator James Cook sets out from Plymouth on HMS Resolution for a second Pacific voyage.
* 12 September – Daniel Rutherford demonstrates the method of distinguishing nitrogen from other gases.
* 21 September – Birmingham Canal Navigations main line open for traffic, linking Birmingham to the River Severn via the Staffordshire and Worcestershire Canal.
* 2 November – The Morning Post newspaper published for the first time.
* An appeal delivered in Norwich Cathedral for the newly-founded Norfolk and Norwich Hospital is the origin of the Norfolk and Norwich Festival.

## Births

* 19 April – David Ricardo, economist (died 1823)
* 22 April – George Cockburn, naval commander (died 1853)
* 20 May – William Congreve, rocket pioneer (died 1828)
* 8 June – Robert Stevenson, Scottish lighthouse engineer (died 1850)
* 21 October – Samuel Taylor Coleridge, poet and philosopher, (died 1834)

## Deaths

* 8 February – Augusta of Saxe-Gotha, Princess of Wales (born 1719)
* 22 March – John Canton, physicist (born 1718)
* 31 August – William Borlase, Cornish antiquary and naturalist (born 1695)
* 30 September – James Brindley, canal builder (born 1716)
# Daniel Fichelscher

Daniel "Danny" Secundus Fichelscher, (born 3 July 1953 in Berlin), is a German guitarist and drummer who played a pivotal role in Krautrock band Popol Vuh, was a member of the German group Gila and is currently Amon Düül II's drummer. Fichelscher is the son of jazz pianist and singer Toby Fichelscher.

## Career

Daniel Fichelscher was, for most of their history, Florian Fricke's only stable partner in Popol Vuh. He wasn't a founding member, having joined in 1973 (three years after the group's foundation) for the recording of the album Seligpreisung and replaced guitarist Conny Veit the following year in 1974. While playing with Popol Vuh, he also occasionally played drums and congas with the Krautrock band Amon Düül II, appearing for example on the albums Carnival in Babylon (1972), Wolf City (1972; on which he also sang and played guitar), and Vortex (1981). Together with Fricke, he also played in Conny Veit's group Gila on their second album, Bury My Heart at Wounded Knee.
Fichelscher's importance within Popol Vuh began to diminish around 1991 when he was flanked by Guido Hieronymus, who also played guitar and who greatly influenced the group's music. But Fichelscher still maintained a significant role in the group. Since 2006, after Florian Fricke's death and Popol Vuh's dissolution, Fichelscher has played drums again with Amon Düül II, replacing the group's original drummer, the late Peter Leopold.

## Discography with Popol Vuh

* Seligpreisung (1973)
* Einsjäger und Siebenjäger (1974)
* Das Hohelied Salomos (1975)
* Aguirre (1975)
* Letzte Tage - Letzte Nächte (1976)
* Herz aus Glas (1977)
* Nosferatu (On the Way to a Little Way) (1978)
* Brüder des Schattens – Söhne des Lichts (1978)
* Die Nacht der Seele (1979)
* Sei still, wisse ich bin (1981)
* Agape - Agape (1983)
* Spirit of Peace (1985)
* Cobra Verde (1987)
* For You and Me (1991)

## Discography with Amon Düül II

* Carnival in Babylon (1972)
* Wolf City (1972)
* Live in London (live) (1973)

## Discography with Utopia

* Utopia (reissued as by Amon Düül II) (1973)
# Frederick Henry Henshaw

Frederick Henry Henshaw (1807–1891) was an artist who produced landscapes, architectural subjects, portraits and figures. He was a pupil of artist Joseph Vincent Barber (1788–1838). Henshaw found inspiration in the country-side paintings of Constable and he often painted English woodland, which was being taken over by the development of industry and modern farming. In order to find subjects for his brush and pencil work, Henshaw travelled in the United Kingdom and Europe, touring Italy in 1838.
Henshaw was a member of the Birmingham Society of Arts (now known as the Royal Birmingham Society of Artists), joining at the age of nineteen in 1826. Furthermore, he became honorary secretary of the society from 1842 to 1847 and went on to be honorary treasurer and a trustee until the end of his life in 1891.
Henshaw was the youngest brother of three. The oldest, John, was a skillful diesinker and medallist and the other brother, Thomas, was an engraver.
From 1829 to 1864 Henshaw was a constant exhibitor at the Royal Academy. He was born and lived in Harborne, before moving to the Birmingham suburb of Small Heath from 1840 until his death. He occasionally collaborated with fellow Birmingham landscape artist Robert John Hammond.