# Lake County, Florida

Lake County is a county in the central portion of the U.S. state of Florida. As of the 2020 census, the population was 383,956. Its county seat is Tavares, and its largest city is Clermont. Lake County is included in the Orlando–Kissimmee–Sanford Metropolitan Statistical Area.

## History

Lake County was created in 1887 from portions of Sumter and Orange counties. It was named for the many lakes contained within its borders (250 named lakes and 1,735 other bodies of water).
In the 1800s, the two main industries in the area were growing cotton and breeding cattle. In the latter part of the 19th century, people started to grow citrus trees. Citrus was introduced by Melton Haynes. Throughout the 1940s and 50s, citrus production increased and grew into the area's leading industry. The December 1989 United States cold wave destroyed most of the citrus groves, dealing an economic blow from which many growers could not recover. Grove owners sold massive amounts of land to developers, resulting in increasing urban sprawl.

## Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 1,157 square miles (3,000 km$^2$), of which 938 square miles (2,430 km$^2$) is land and 219 square miles (570 km$^2$) (18.9%) is water.
Sugarloaf Mountain is the highest point in peninsular Florida, at 312 feet (95 m) above sea level.

### Adjacent counties

* Volusia County – northeast
* Orange County – east
* Seminole County – east
* Osceola County – southeast
* Polk County – south
* Sumter County – west
* Marion County – northwest

### National protected areas

* Lake Woodruff National Wildlife Refuge (part)
* Ocala National Forest (part)

## Demographics

Lake County racial composition as of 2020 (NH = Non-Hispanic) :
| Race | Pop 2010 | Pop 2020 | % 2010 | % 2020 |
| White (NH) | 221,365 | 253,214 | 74.52% | 65.95% |
| Black or African American (NH) | 27,796 | 37,883 | 9.36% | 9.87% |
| Native American or Alaska Native (NH) | 965 | 1,016 | 0.32% | 0.26% |
| Asian (NH) | 5,055 | 8,362 | 1.7% | 2.18% |
| Pacific Islander (NH) | 194 | 317 | 0.07% | 0.08% |
| Some Other Race (NH) | 1,052 | 2,916 | 0.35% | 0.76% |
| Mixed/Multi-Racial (NH) | 4,616 | 14,873 | 1.55% | 3.87% |
| Hispanic or Latino | 36,009 | 65,375 | 12.12% | 17.03% |
| Total | 297,052 | 383,956 | 100.00% | 100.00% |
As of the 2020 United States census, there were 383,956 people, 137,446 households, and 94,332 families residing in the county.
As of the census of 2010, there were 297,047 people and 130,190 households residing in the county. The population density was 316.6 inhabitants per square mile (122.2/km$^2$). There were 163,586 housing units at an average density of 174.3 per square mile (67.3/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the county was 83.4% White (68.7% non-Hispanic White), 11.5% Black or African American, 0.6% Native American, 2.3% Asian, 0.2% Pacific Islander, and 2.1% from two or more races. 16.7% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.
There were 88,413 households, out of which 23.40% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 58.90% were married couples living together, 8.50% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.30% were non-families. 24.60% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.70% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.34 and the average family size was 2.75.
In the county, the population was spread out, with 20.30% under the age of 18, 5.80% from 18 to 24, 23.80% from 25 to 44, 23.80% from 45 to 64, and 26.40% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 45 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.70 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.10 males.
The median income for a household in the county was $36,903, and the median income for a family was $42,577. Males had a median income of $31,475 versus $23,545 for females. The per capita income for the county was $20,199. About 6.90% of families and 9.60% of the population were below the poverty line, including 15.80% of those under age 18 and 6.30% of those age 65 or over.

## Government

Lake County is represented by U.S. Senators Rick Scott and Marco Rubio, and U.S. Representatives Michael Waltz (R-FL6), Daniel Webster (R-FL11), and Scott Franklin (R-FL15).
In the Florida Senate, Lake County is represented by Senators Dennis Baxley (R-FL12), and Kelli Stargel (R-FL22) . In the Florida House, Lake County is represented by Florida Representatives Keith Truenow (R-FL31), Anthony Sabatini (R-FL32), and Brett Hage (R-FL33).
Lake County has five Constitutional Officers: Gary Cooney (Clerk of the Court and Comptroller), Peyton Grinnell (Sheriff), Cary Baker (Property Appraiser), David Jordan (Tax Collector), and Alan Hays (Supervisor of Elections), and five County Commissioners: Doug Shields (R-District 1), Sean Parks (R-District 2), Kirby Smith (R-District 3), Leslie Campione (R-District 4), and Josh Blake (R-District 5).
The Florida Department of Corrections has Region III Correctional Facility Office on the grounds of the Lake Correctional Institution in an unincorporated area in Lake County.

### Libraries

The Lake County Library System was established in 1982 by Lake County Ordinance 1982-18 following the establishment of the Lake County Library Planning Advisory Board in 1975. Today it is governed by the Lake County Board of County Commissioners. The library system is made up of 6 branch libraries and 10 municipal libraries:
* Astor County Library, Astor
* Cagan Crossings Community Library, built in 2008 in Clermont
* Cooper Memorial Library: The Cooper Memorial Library's history began in 1905 when a traveling salesman stopped by a boarding house run by the Benjamin McCain family and promised to donate enough books to start a town library if he was able to sell his Chautauqua lectures. Money was contributed, but very few lectures occurred, and books were never donated. Money that was to be used for the final payment for the lecture series was instead used to start a library. The first librarian of the library was Ms. Payson Pierce, who offered her own home for book storage as well as opened her home to the public. In 1914, a permanent structure was built. Women of the Library Club supported the library until 1936 when the Clermont City Council agreed to maintain it. In 2002, Cooper Memorial became a branch of the Lake County Library System.
* East Lake County Library, Sorrento
* Eustis Memorial Library, Eustis
* Fruitland Park Library first began in 1916 from the donation of books from the Bosanquet and Dwight families. Twenty years later, under the joint support of the women of St. Paul's Catholic Church, Holy Trinity Episcopal Church, and the Community Methodist Church, it became a community library. In 1970, Fruitland Park Library employed its first salaried librarian.
* Helen Lehmann Memorial Library, Montverde
* Lady Lake Public Library, Lady Lake
* Leesburg Public Library, Leesburg
* Marianne Beck Memorial Library: The Marianne Beck Memorial Library began in 1989 as an Eagle Scout project in a former carport in Howey-in-the-Hills, Florida. The local community raised $50,000 to remodel a former convenience store that was purchased by the town for the new library.
* Marion Baysinger Memorial Library, Groveland
* Minneola Schoolhouse Library, Minneola
* Paisley County Library, Paisley
* Tavares Public Library, Tavares
* Umatilla Public Library, Umatilla
* W.T. Bland Public Library, Mount Dora

### Elections

Lake County has voted Republican in U.S. presidential races since 1948.
United States presidential election results for Lake County, Florida :
| Year | Republican | Republican | Democratic | Democratic | Third party(ies) | Third party(ies) |
| Year | No. | % | No. | % | No. | % |
| 2024 | 140,500 | 61.75% | 84,546 | 37.16% | 2,468 | 1.08% |
| 2020 | 125,859 | 59.56% | 83,505 | 39.52% | 1,950 | 0.92% |
| 2016 | 102,188 | 59.48% | 62,838 | 36.58% | 6,773 | 3.94% |
| 2012 | 87,643 | 57.99% | 61,799 | 40.89% | 1,702 | 1.13% |
| 2008 | 82,802 | 56.19% | 62,948 | 42.71% | 1,621 | 1.10% |
| 2004 | 74,389 | 60.02% | 48,221 | 38.90% | 1,340 | 1.08% |
| 2000 | 50,010 | 56.44% | 36,571 | 41.27% | 2,030 | 2.29% |
| 1996 | 35,097 | 47.48% | 29,752 | 40.25% | 9,074 | 12.27% |
| 1992 | 30,825 | 44.17% | 23,200 | 33.24% | 15,762 | 22.59% |
| 1988 | 37,327 | 68.40% | 16,766 | 30.72% | 479 | 0.88% |
| 1984 | 35,319 | 74.29% | 12,217 | 25.70% | 7 | 0.01% |
| 1980 | 26,798 | 64.53% | 13,128 | 31.61% | 1,602 | 3.86% |
| 1976 | 19,976 | 57.42% | 14,369 | 41.31% | 442 | 1.27% |
| 1972 | 23,079 | 82.63% | 4,803 | 17.20% | 48 | 0.17% |
| 1968 | 11,763 | 47.42% | 4,599 | 18.54% | 8,442 | 34.03% |
| 1964 | 12,897 | 62.39% | 7,773 | 37.61% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1960 | 12,979 | 72.45% | 4,936 | 27.55% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1956 | 10,888 | 71.57% | 4,326 | 28.43% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1952 | 9,132 | 70.63% | 3,797 | 29.37% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1948 | 3,579 | 43.23% | 3,474 | 41.96% | 1,226 | 14.81% |
| 1944 | 2,693 | 38.38% | 4,323 | 61.62% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1940 | 2,659 | 33.32% | 5,322 | 66.68% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1936 | 2,034 | 33.46% | 4,045 | 66.54% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1932 | 1,867 | 37.82% | 3,070 | 62.18% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1928 | 3,383 | 68.08% | 1,474 | 29.66% | 112 | 2.25% |
| 1924 | 948 | 36.46% | 1,381 | 53.12% | 271 | 10.42% |
| 1920 | 734 | 28.90% | 1,720 | 67.72% | 86 | 3.39% |
| 1916 | 330 | 25.25% | 886 | 67.79% | 91 | 6.96% |
| 1912 | 92 | 11.34% | 596 | 73.49% | 123 | 15.17% |
| 1908 | 200 | 24.01% | 487 | 58.46% | 146 | 17.53% |
| 1904 | 148 | 20.33% | 529 | 72.66% | 51 | 7.01% |
| 1900 | 143 | 20.58% | 492 | 70.79% | 60 | 8.63% |
| 1896 | 302 | 24.35% | 870 | 70.16% | 68 | 5.48% |
| 1892 | 0 | 0.00% | 1,137 | 85.68% | 190 | 14.32% |

### Voter registration

Data comes from the Florida Division of Elections.
Party Registration and Enrollment (August 31, 2022) :
| Party | Party | Number of registered voters | % |
| | Republican | 119,865 | 43.8 |
| | Democratic | 76,315 | 27.9 |
| | Independent | 73,278 | 26.8 |
| | Minor parties | 4,357 | 1.6 |
| Total | Total | 273,815 | 100 |

## Education

There are a number of public schools in the county.

### Colleges

The following colleges are in the county:
* Lake-Sumter State College
* Beacon College
* Southern Technical College
* Lake Technical College

## Transportation
### Aviation

The Tavares Seaplane Base is a city-owned, public-use seaplane base on Lake Dora in Tavares.
The Leesburg International Airport is a former Army Airfield and municipal airport along Lake Harris east of downtown Leesburg, Florida.
Mid Florida Air Service Airport is on State Road 44 east of Eustis.
* Umatilla Municipal Airport

### Major highways

* Florida's Turnpike runs north and south from Southeastern and Central Florida. Four interchanges exist in the county; Hancock Road (Exit 278), US 27/SR 19 (Exit 285), southbound US 27 (Exit 289) and County Road 470 (Exit 296).
* US 27 is the main local road through western Lake County, running south to north. It spans from Four Corners to The Villages.
* US 441 is another south to north US highway running through Mount Dora from Orange County around Lake Dora, where it merges with SR 44, has a wrong-way concurrency with SR 19 in Tavares, and lets go of SR 44 in Leesburg only to join US 27 as they both head into Marion County.
* SR 19 is a mostly scenic north and south road from SR 50 in Groveland through Tavares, Eustis, and Ocala National Forest.
* SR 33 is the north–south road from Lakeland in Polk County to Groveland. A county extension exists as a hidden route along SR 50 to Mascotte, where it becomes an exposed county road leading to US 27 in Okahumpka.
* SR 40 is the northernmost east–west route in Lake County, and runs through Ocala National Forest.
* SR 44 runs east and west through Central Lake County from west of Leesburg where it joins southbound US 441 until it breaks away near Mount Dora and heads northeast into Volusia County.
* SR 46 starts at an interchange with US 441 and County Road 46 in Mount Dora and through Sorrento and Mount Plymouth along the northern border of Orange County.
* SR 50 is the main east–west road through southern Lake County.

### Public transportation

LakeXpress is the public transportation agency that serves the Lake County, Florida area since 2007.

## Communities
### Cities

* Clermont
* Eustis
* Fruitland Park
* Groveland
* Leesburg
* Mascotte
* Minneola
* Mount Dora
* Tavares
* Umatilla

### Towns

* Astatula
* Howey-in-the-Hills
* Lady Lake
* Montverde

### Census-designated places

* Altoona
* Astor
* Ferndale
* Four Corners
* Lake Kathryn
* Lake Mack-Forest Hills
* Lisbon
* Mount Plymouth
* Okahumpka
* Paisley
* Pine Lakes
* Pittman
* Silver Lake
* Sorrento
* Yalaha

### Other unincorporated communities

* Bassville Park
* Fort Mason
* Grand Island
* Lanier
* Orange Bend
* The Villages (partly)

## Notable people

* Flora Call and Elias Disney were married January 1, 1888, in the Lake County town of Kismet. They were the parents of Walt Disney.
* The Groveland Four (Earnest Thomas, Charles Greenlee, Samuel Shepherd and Walter Irvin), who were falsely accused of raping a 17-year-old white woman and assaulting her husband.
** Willis V. McCall, sheriff of Lake County, who shot one and wounded another of the Groveland Four while they were in his custody
* Randy Rhoads, American heavy metal guitarist, killed in a plane crash in Leesburg on March 19, 1982. Played in the Ozzy Osbourne solo band following his tenure in Quiet Riot.
* Ginger Minj, drag queen; best known for being a runner-up on the seventh season of RuPaul's Drag Race and competing on the second season of RuPaul's Drag Race All Stars