OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# List of encyclopedias in Arabic

This is a list of encyclopedias in the Arabic language.

## History

The Arabic word for encyclopedia is mawsūʿah (موسوعة). It is derived from the word wāsiʿ (واسع), which means "wide".
The early Arabic compilations of knowledge in the Middle Ages included many comprehensive works, and much development of what would become known as the scientific method, historical method, and citation. The first Arab encyclopedist was Ibn Qutaybah (828–889), who wrote a number of books organizing the knowledge of his day, most importantly 'Uyun Al-Akhbar (Quintessential Reports). About 960 AD, the Brethren of Purity of Basra were engaged in their Encyclopedia of the Brethren of Purity, which may be a unique example of a classical Arabic encyclopedia written by a group rather than a solitary scholar. Other notable works include Abu Bakr al-Razi's encyclopedia of science, the Mutazilite al-Kindi's prolific output of 270 books, and Ibn Sina's The Canon of Medicine, which was a standard reference work for centuries. Also notable are works of universal history (or sociology) from the Asharites, al-Tabri, al-Masudi, al-Tabari's History of the Prophets and Kings, Ibn Rustah, Ali ibn al-Athir, and Ibn Khaldun's Muqadimmah.
Following the conquests of much of the Arab world by the Ottoman Empire, few Arabic encyclopedias were published until the 1950s. Modern Arabic encyclopedias include the online Marefa project. In 2006, the Arab League proposed the creation of a new online encyclopedia in Arabic.

## Historic encyclopedias

* Kitāb al-ṣifāt fi ʾl-lugha by al-Nadr ibn Shumayl (before 820, now lost)
* 'Uyun Al-Akhbar by Ibn Qutaybah (9th century)
* Al-ʿIqd al-Farīd (10th century)
* Encyclopedia of the Brethren of Purity (10th century)
* Kitab al-Aghani (10th century)
* Al-Tasrif (11th century)
* The Canon of Medicine (11th century)
* The Ultimate Ambition in the Arts of Erudition (14th century)

## Contemporary encyclopedias
### Print

* Arab Encyclopedia (2008–...)
* Arabic Legislations Encyclopedia
* Khalf Aswar el Elm (Behind Scientific Barriers)
* Marefa
* Al-Arabi
* Mawsooat Al mawsooa Al tarikheya lel-alam al Arabi (الموسوعة التاريخية للعالم العربي)
* Anabaa
* Marefah

### Digital
#### General

* Dahsha (2003–...)
* Intaaj
* Global Arabic Encyclopedia (1992–...)(الموسوعة العربية العالمية)
* Arab Encyclopedia (الموسوعة العربية)
* Arabic Wikipedia (ويكيبيديا العربية)
* Mawdoo3 (موسوعة موضوع)
* Marefa (معرفة)

#### Scientific

* Arabic Chemistry Encyclopedia
* Al-Mawsooa

#### Literature

* Alankaa: Encyclopedia of Dictionaries
* Al-Waraq
* Ajeeb Sakhr

#### Historical

* Arabiah

#### Religion

* Tabaqat al-Shafi'iyya al-Kubra
* Nabulsi
* Muslimedia Free Wiki-based Islamic Encyclopedia in Arabic
* copticpedia Coptic Orthodox Encyclopedia الموسوعة القبطية الأرثوذكسية

#### Social

* Istisharaat

#### Law

* JurisPedia

#### Medical

* King Abdullah Abdul Aziz Health Encyclopedia
# The Stray Dog (short story collection)

The Stray Dog (Persian: سگ ولگرد, Sag-e Velgard) is a 1942 short story collection by Iranian author Sadegh Hedayat.

## Publication history

The Stray Dog was first published by the Bazargani Nejat publication in Tehran in 1942. It consists of eight short stories and is Sadegh Hedayat's last short story collection. The exact writing time of these short stories is unknown today, however based on what Hadayat had written in his letters, it is believed that most of these short stories had been written before 1942. Before 1942, the censorship system of Reza Shah had prevented Hedayat from publishing. This obstacle was removed with the abdication of Reza Shah in 1941.

## Stories

* "The Stray Dog"
* "Don Juan of Karaj"
* "Dead End"
* "Katiya"
* "Abunasr Rock"
* "Apparition"
* "Dark Room"
* "The Patriot"

## Style

"The Stray Dog", "Dead End", and "Dark Room" are among those works by Hedayat that use realistic techniques in presenting a psycho-fictional story.
"Abunasr Rock" reflects Hedayat's interest both in ancient Iranian culture and in occult and spiritual phenomena. "The Patriot" can be categorized as a satirical fiction.
# József Fitos

József Fitos (4 November 1959 – 23 December 2022) was a Hungarian professional footballer who played as a midfielder. He was a member of the Hungary national team. Fitos worked as an active football coach.

## Club career

Fitos started playing football in 1971 for Lenti. In 1978 he transferred to Zalaegerszegi TE. From 1980 to 1985 he played for Szombathelyi Haladás. He then moved to Budepest Honvéd, the success team of the 1980s, where he won three champion titles with the team. In 1989 he signed to Panathinaikos and then for Panionios In 1990 he returned home and played for Újpest. He then played for Hargita FC, where he finished his active sports career.

## International career

Between 1985 and 1989 Fitos played 12 times for the Hungary national team.

## Coaching career

From 2002 Fitos was a coach at the Hungarian football teams Budapest Honvéd, FC Ózdi, LSE Széfi-Fi and ASR Gázgyár, and since 2017 he has been the football coach of Leányfalu SE.

## Personal life and death

On 17 February 2017, the Budapest District Court sentenced him to one year and six months imprisonment on two counts of fraud. The execution of the sentence was suspended for three years.
Fitos died on 23 December 2022, at the age of 63.

## Honours

Budapest Honvéd
* Nemzeti Bajnokság I: 1985–86, 1987–88, 1988–89
* Magyar Kupa finalist: 1988
# Simon Jeppsson

Simon Jeppsson (born 15 July 1995) is a Swedish handball player for Kolstad Håndball and the Swedish national team.
He participated at the 2017 World Men's Handball Championship.
In 2024 he joined Norwegian club Kolstad Håndball. In 2025 he extended his contract at the club.
# Pteria (Cappadocia)

Pteria (Ancient Greek: Πτερία) was the capital of the Leucosyri in northern Cappadocia. They were said by Herodotus to have been taken and ruined by Croesus in 547 BCE. It also was the place of the Battle of Pteria, an undecided battle between Cyrus the Great and Croesus.
Stephanus of Byzantium cites two towns with this or a similar name: a Pterium, which he calls a town of the Medes, and Pteria, a town in the territory of Sinope.
Its site is located near Kerkenes Dağ, Asiatic Turkey.
# Iván Werning

Iván Werning (born June 20, 1974) is an Argentine economist who has served as the Robert M. Solow Professor of Economics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology since 2014.
Born in Argentina, Werning received a BA in economics from the Universidad de San Andrés, and an MA in economics from the Universidad Torcuato di Tella, both in Buenos Aires. He received a PhD in economics from the University of Chicago in 2002, where he studied under Gary Becker, Robert Lucas, Fernando Alvarez, and Pierre-André Chiappori. He joined the Department of Economics at MIT as an assistant professor in 2002, where he was tenured in 2007, and appointed the Robert M. Solow Professor of Economics in 2014.
Werning has been a research fellow at the NBER since 2002. He was elected a Fellow of the Econometric Society in 2013, and was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 2015.
In 2008, he was described by The Economist as one of the world’s 8 best young economists.
# The Other One (film)

The Other One (French: L'Autre) is a 2008 French drama film directed by Patrick Mario Bernard and Pierre Trividic, based on the novel L'Occupation by Annie Ernaux. It was an entrant at the 65th Venice International Film Festival in 2008. For her performance, Dominique Blanc won the Volpi Cup for best actress.

## Cast

* Dominique Blanc as Anne-Marie
* Cyril Gueï as Alex
* Peter Bonke as Lars
* Christèle Tual as Aude
* Anne Benoît as Maryse Schneider
* Helena Noguerra as Lars's guest
# Finnerud Forest Scientific Area

Finnerud Forest Scientific Area is a 300-acre (120 ha) forest in Oneida County, Wisconsin. The site is one a small amount of large areas in the states surrounding the Great Lakes that feature red pine trees of 100 years of age. It is owned by the University of Wisconsin–Madison. The forest was designated a Wisconsin State Natural Area in 1958 and a National Natural Landmark in 1973.
# Sjællandsgade

Sjællandsgade (lit. 'Zealand Street') is a street in the Nørrebro district of Copenhagen, Denmark. It runs from Nørrebrogade in the southwest to Tagensvej in the northeast. A short section of the street, between Prinsesse Charlottes Gade and Stevnsgade, has been closed to traffic and is now also known as Guldberg Byplads. It is surrounded by one of two branches of Guldberg School (formerly Sjællandsgade School), Simeon's Church and Sjællandsgade Public Baths. The last part of the street follows the northwest side of De Gamles By.

## History

The oldest section of the street, between Nørrebrogade and Prinsesse Charlottes Gade, was initially called Thranesvej after merchant L. E. Thrane who owned a property at the site.
The name of the street was in 1885 changed to Sjællandsgade. City engineer Charles Ambt created a masterplan for redevelopment of the area east of Prinsesse Charlottes Gade in 1899. Sjællandsgade was then over the next decade in stages extended to Tagensvej.

## Notable buildings

Sjællandsgade School is from 1887 and was designed by Hans Jørgen Holm. The school was in 1921 extended by city architect Hans Wright. Sjællandsgade School was in 2006 merged with Stevnsgade School under the name Guldberg School.
Simeon's Church (No. 12B) is a Church of Denmark parish church. It was constructed in 1913–14 to designs by Johannes Magdahl Nielsen.
Sjællandsgade Public Baths (No. 12 A) is attached to the church. It opened in 1917 as one of several new public bath houses in the city but closed when private bathrooms had become common later in the century. The Baroque Revival style building by city architect Hans Wright was listed on the Danish registry of protected buildings and places in 2013. The bath house was shortly thereafter reopened by a group of volunteers.
The section from Guldbergsgade to Tagensvej follows the northwestern boundary of De Gamles By. Copenhagen Health and Care Services (Sundheds- og Omsorgsforvaltningen) is based at No. 40.
The buildings on the other side of the street are mainly apartment blocks from the 1920s. The apartment block at No. 9-13 was built for ABB to designs by Johannes Strøm Tejsen in 1917–18. The block at No. 15 is from 1918 to 1919 and was designed by Christian Mandrup-Poulsen. No. 17-21 is from 1921 and was designed by Einar Ambt and Axel Preisler.

## Public art

In front of Copenhagen Health and Care Services' building at No. 40 stands a granite sculpture, Guldskat (Treasure of Gold), created by Ejgil Westergaard and installed at the site in 1990. The sculpture is inspired by a Hans Christian Andersen story by the same name.

## Transport

The nearest Copenhagen Metro station is Nørrebros Runddel. The beginning of the street is located approximately 250 metres from the station. The far end of the street is located approximately 860 metres from the station by way of Fensmarksgade.
# Nordland, Washington

Nordland is an unincorporated community in Jefferson County, in the U.S. state of Washington.

## History

A post office called Nordland has been in operation since 1898. The community derives its name from Peter Nordby, the original owner of the town site.
# Edmund Stafford, 5th Earl of Stafford

Edmund Stafford, 5th Earl of Stafford and 1st Baron Audley, KG, KB (2 March 1377 – 21 July 1403) was the son of Hugh de Stafford, 2nd Earl of Stafford, and his wife Philippa de Beauchamp.
He inherited the earldom at the age of 18, the third of three out of four brothers to inherit the title. His eldest brother, Sir Ralph, died before inheriting the title and his other two elder brothers died without issue.

## Marriage and children

He married Anne of Gloucester as her second husband under special licence, as she was the widow of his brother Thomas Stafford, 3rd Earl of Stafford who had died prior to the consummation of his marriage at the age of 18. Edmund and his brothers were wards of the Gloucester family. Anne was the granddaughter of King Edward III by his son Thomas of Woodstock, 1st Duke of Gloucester and Eleanor de Bohun.
With Anne he had three children:
* Humphrey Stafford, 1st Duke of Buckingham, who married Anne Neville, daughter of Ralph Neville, 1st Earl of Westmorland, and Lady Joan Beaufort. Joan was a daughter of John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster, and his mistress, later wife, Katherine Roet. Had issue.
* Anne Stafford, Countess of March (d. 20 September 1432), who married firstly Edmund Mortimer, 5th Earl of March. Edmund and Anne had no children. She married, secondly, John Holland, 2nd Duke of Exeter (d.1447), and had one son and a daughter: Henry, Duke of Exeter (1430 – 1475), and Lady Anne Holland (d. 26 December 1486).
* Philippa Stafford, died young.

## Later life and death

He was made a Knight of the Bath, along with his younger brother Hugh, at the coronation of Henry IV and a Knight of the Garter in 1403.
He was killed by the Scotsman, Archibald Douglas, 4th Earl of Douglas, while fighting with the royalist forces of King Henry IV at the Battle of Shrewsbury on 21 July 1403. He was buried at the Church of the Austin Friars in Stafford.

## Shakespeare

The death of the earl at the battle of Shrewsbury is mentioned in Henry IV Part 1 but otherwise he is not in the play. "And thou shalt find a king that will revenge Lord Stafford’s death". Henry IV Part 1 Act 5 Scene 3 by William Shakespeare.
# Unarmed – Best of 25th Anniversary

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| Consequence of Sound | |
| Metal Storm | |
| Sputnikmusic | |
Unarmed – Best of 25th Anniversary is the sixth compilation album by German power metal band Helloween. It is a compilation in celebration of the band's 25th anniversary, which contains re-recorded versions of Helloween songs in an acoustic/symphonic style. It includes a 70-piece Prague Symphony Orchestra performing "The Keeper's Trilogy", a 17-minute medley consisting of the songs "Halloween", "Keeper of the Seven Keys" and "The King for a 1000 Years". Many guest musicians are featured on the tracks.
Commenting on the album on 2011, the bass guitarist Markus Grosskopf said:
   It's just like we've been asked what to do [regarding their 25th anniversary], if we're going to do fine remakes or re-masters, but then sell the old stuff people get at home anyway just a slightly different sound, it wouldn't make any sense to us so we just wanted to give people something new. [...] It was interesting and fun to play a bass like this that you can hear on that record because I never did this.
The vocalist Andi Deris, however, panned the album in a 2015 interview, saying he never liked the idea of doing it and that the record company "raped" the band to do it. He commented:
   You know, if I would like to have an acoustic album, I would have bought an acoustic guitar in the first place. What did I buy? An electric guitar. So what is this for me? Rape. I didn't like it at all. It was nice to sing this shit and actually show myself that I'm capable of doing that, not hiding behind the metal music but being the main instrument with the voice and front of everybody else. But that's it, that's it. I don't like the idea of being a metal band and then put out acoustic versions of your music. I would have done that in the first place if that would have been my intention of the music my heart beats for, but it's not.

## Charts

| Chart (2009–2010) | Provider | Peak position |
| German Albums Chart | IFPI/Media Control | 39 |

## Credits

* Andi Deris – vocals
* Michael Weikath – guitar (tracks 1-5, 7-11)
* Sascha Gerstner – guitar
* Markus Grosskopf – bass guitar (tracks 1-5, 7-11)
* Dani Löble – drums (tracks 1-5, 7-11)
* Prague Symphony Orchestra (tracks 5, 11)
* Gero Drnek (Fury in the Slaughterhouse) - accordion
* Andreas Becker (Peter Maffay) - guitar (tracks 2, 4, 7, 9)
* Albie Donnelly (Supercharge) - saxophone (track 1)
* Matthias Ulmer - piano (tracks 1, 3, 5, 10, 11)
* Nippy Noya - percussion (tracks 1-4, 6, 7, 9, 10)
* Harriet Ohlsson (Hellsongs) - duet vocals, arrangement (track 6)
* Kalle Karlsson (Hellsongs) - guitar, arrangement (track 6)
* Johan Bringhed (Hellsongs) - piano, arrangement (track 6)
* Richard Naxton, Johnny Clucas, Dan Hoadley, Chris Tickner, Richard Collier, Gerry O'Beime, Gunther Laudahn, Lawrence White, Jan-Eric Kohrs, Rob Fardell (Gregorian) - choir
* Charlie Bauerfeind - producer (tracks 1-5, 7-11)
* Petter Ericsson - producer (track 6)
# Western Andes tree frog

The western Andes tree frog (Hyloscirtus sarampiona) is a species of frog in the family Hylidae endemic to Colombia. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist montane forests and rivers. It has been observed at 2190 meters above sea level. It is threatened by habitat loss.
# Miratovac

Miratovac (Serbian: Миратовац; Albanian: Miratoc) is a village located in the municipality of Preševo, Serbia.

## Demographics

According to the 2002 census, the town has a population of 2774 people. Of these, 2731 (98,44 %) were ethnic Albanians, 13 (0,46 %) were Serbs, 1 (0,03 %) Muslim, 1 (0,03 %) Bosniak, and 26 (0,93 %) others.
# Saraswoti Chaudhary

Saraswoti Chaudhary (born October 30, 1995) is a volleyball player from Nepal. She is a member of the Nepal National Women's Volleyball Team and plays for the Nepal Armed Police Force (APF) Club Women.

## Accomplishments

* Best Player at the Prime Minister's Cup Volleyball Tournament
* Key Player in APF Club's victory at the Tiger Top Cup Volleyball Championship, where she was also named the best player
* Bronze Medal at the 12th South Asian Games
* Silver Medal at the 13th South Asian Games
* Best Female Player of the Year in the NVA National Women's and Men's Volleyball Championship.
# Will Sumner

Will Sumner (born 22 October 2003) is an American middle-distance runner who specializes in the 800 metres. He competed for the Georgia Bulldogs before turning professional in 2023.

## Career

In high school, Sumner ran the third fastest ever 800 meter time outdoors in 1:46.53, as well as the second fastest ever indoors in 1:48.14. Sumner won the 800m race at the NCAA Championships in June 2023, running a personal best time of 1:44.26. This was also the second fastest freshman collegiate time ever, the fifth fastest overall in NCAA history, the second-fastest in meet history, breaking the stadium record set in 2019 by Bryce Hoppel and placed him third fastest in the world in the year. Competing at the 2023 USA Outdoor Track and Field Championships, in Eugene, Oregon, he reached the final of the 800m competition, where he finished fifth. was a gold medalist at the 2023 U23 NACAC Championships in San Jose, Costa Rica, in the mixed 4x400m relay alongside Bailey Lear, Caleb Cavanaugh, and Kiah Williams.
In February 2025, he won the 600 metres at the Millrose Games in New York City in a meeting record time of 1:14.04.

## Personal life

Sumner attended Woodstock High School in Georgia. His parents were also an athletes with father Brad and mother Tosha both being NCAA champions, and multiple-time All-Americans. He has a sister called Brynne. He is a keen piano player.

## Sponsorship

In July 2023, Sumner announced that he was turning professional and had signed a sponsorship deal with Adidas.
# Adiós (Glen Campbell album)

Professional ratings :
| Aggregate scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Metacritic | 70/100 |
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
Adiós is the 64th and final studio album by American singer-songwriter Glen Campbell. It was recorded in Nashville between 2012 and 2013. The album was released on June 9, 2017. Campbell died on August 8, 2017, nearly two months later.

## Background and recording

After being diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease, Campbell embarked on a 2011–2012 Farewell Tour. After finishing the tour, he entered the recording studio in Nashville to record a final album. According to his wife, Kim Campbell, he wanted to preserve "what magic was left," in what would be his final recordings.
Featuring eleven songs Campbell had long loved but never recorded, the album was made with the help of producer and longtime collaborator Carl Jackson. Singers Willie Nelson, Vince Gill and Campbell's children Ashley, Shannon and Cal also make guest appearances. According to Carl Jackson, he had to stand with Campbell in the recording booth to record the vocals "line by line" as Campbell could not remember the lyrics. However, Jackson noted that Campbell "didn't lose his melodies, and that beautiful perfect pitch and tone".

## Release

The album was released on June 9, 2017. The first track, a cover of the Fred Neil classic "Everybody's Talkin'", was released on YouTube and to the media on April 14, 2017. The title track was made available for streaming on May 3, 2017.

## Single

The only single from the album is the title track, which was released on July 25, 2017, two weeks before his death.

## Commercial performance

The album debuted at No. 40 on Billboard 200 with 14,000 units, nearly all of which were from traditional album sales. This is Campbell's 16th top 40 album on the chart. It also debuted at No. 7 on Top Country Albums, his 19th top 10 album on this chart. The album has sold 72,800 copies in the US as of January 2018.
In the United Kingdom, Adiós debuted at number three on the UK Albums Chart on 16 June 2017, becoming Campbell's highest debut ever in the United Kingdom. It also became his second highest-charting album there; his highest charting was the greatest hits album Glen Campbell's Twenty Golden Greats, which reached number one in 1976. Following Campbell's death, Adiós reached a new peak of number two.

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| United Kingdom (BPI) | Gold | 116,000 |
# Fish Lake (Marion County, Oregon)

Fish Lake (also, Murphy Lake) is a teardrop-shaped lake in Marion County, Oregon, United States. Fish Lake lies at an elevation of 4265 feet (1300 m). It is in the northern section of the Olallie Scenic Area. Squirrel Creek flows out of the northern part of this lake.
# David Alonso López

David Alonso López (November 24, 1977 – July 6, 2017) was a Mexican professional boxer who went by the nickname of The Destroyer. He held the IBA Middleweight title.

## Professional career

On August 28, 2010 López beat the veteran Saúl Román to win the WBC CABOFE Middleweight Championship.
On March 19 at the Gimnasio de la AUT in Tampico López beat the tough challenger Michel Rosales to win the vacant NABA Light Middleweight title.
In June 2011, López lost to WBA super welterweight champion Austin Trout in June. López defeated compatriot Michel Rosales in a WBA eliminator on March 19. López (40-12, 23 KO) hadn't lost a fight since 2005, going on a 16-fight win streak over that time, and a lot of the guys he's beaten are warriors.

## Death

On July 6, 2017 López was shot dead during an incident that took place in his native Nogales, Sonora. It was reported that he was travelling with a passenger just before midnight, when his truck was attacked by bullets. Lopez died immediately before the police arrived. The Red Cross paramedics attended to the second victim.

## Professional boxing record

41 Wins' (23 knockouts), 14 loss(s), 1 Draw, 0 No Contest :
| Res. | Record | Opponent | Type | Rd., Time | Date | Location | Notes |
| Loss | 41-14-1 | José Uzcátegui | TKO | 6 (10) | 2014-03-08 | Domo de la Macroplaza, Nogales, Sonora, Mexico | vacant WBO Latino super middleweight title. |
| Draw | 41-13-1 | Don George | SD | 10 (10) | 2013-03-22 | UIC Pavilion, Chicago, Illinois, United States | |
| Win | 41-13 | Julio César García | UD | 10 (10) | 2012-05-26 | Gimnasio Auditorio Jorge Campos, La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico | |
| Loss | 40-13 | Austin Trout | UD | 12 (12) | 2011-06-11 | Auditorio Miguel Barragan, San Luis Potosí, Mexico | For the WBA World Light Middleweight Title. |
| Win | 40-12 | Michel Rosales | MD | 12 (12) | 2011-03-19 | Gimnasio de la AUT, Tampico, Tamaulipas, Mexico | vacant NABA Light Middleweight title. |
| Win | 39-12 | Saúl Román | UD | 12 (12) | 2010-08-28 | Gimnasio Municipal, Mexicali, Baja California | vacant WBC CABOFE Middleweight title. |