OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Kutchi-Swahili

Kutchi-Swahili, or Cutchi-Swahili, is a Swahili-based creole derived from the Kutchi language of the Kutch district in the Indian state of Gujarat and spoken among the Indian population of East Africa. It is the native language of some Kutchi families from Zanzibar that have settled in the larger cities of mainland Tanzania and Kenya, and is used as a second language by others of the Indian community. In these areas of East Africa, the language is typically only used by Muslim groups, whereas Hindu groups use Gujarati instead.
In the language, words that are taken from Swahili are often modified to fit Kutchi pronunciation patterns; for instance, the Swahili word sahani, meaning "plate", becomes saani in Kutchi-Swahili.
Maho (2009) assigns different codes to Kutchi-Swahili and Asian Swahili (Kibabu), and Ethnologue also notes that these may not be the same.
# Bayan (accordion)

The bayan (Russian: бая́н, IPA:) is a type of chromatic button accordion developed in the Russian Empire in the early 20th century and named after the 11th-century bard Boyan.

## Characteristics

The bayan differs from western chromatic button accordions in some details of construction:
* Reeds are broader and rectangular (rather than trapezoidal).
* Reeds are often attached in large groups to a common plate (rather than in pairs); the plates are screwed to the reed block (rather than attached with wax).
* The melody-side keyboard is attached near the middle of the body (rather than at the rear).
* Reeds are generally not tuned with tremolo.
* Register switches may be operated with the chin on some larger models (also possible with some larger European button accordions).
* The diminished chord row is shifted, so that the diminished G chord is where one would expect the diminished C chord in the Stradella bass system.
* Converter switches that go from standard preset chords to free bass (individual bass notes) are common on the larger instruments. As opposed to Western conventions, in free bass mode the low notes usually are at the bottom of the instrument and the high notes at the top.
* Newer instruments may feature a register where every tone played actually produces a perfect fifth.
The differences in internal construction give the bayan a different tone color from Western instruments, and the bass has a much fuller sound. Because of their range and purity of tone, bayans are often the instrument of choice for accordion virtuosi who perform classical and contemporary classical music. Two Soviet composers of note who wrote compositions for bayan are Vladislav Zolotaryov and Sofia Gubaidulina. Slovak composer Peter Machajdík composed Concerto for Two Bayans and Orchestra, which was premiered by Acco Duo (Miran Vaupotić & Ivana Levak-Vaupotić), with the Symphony Orchestra of the Pomeranian Philharmonic under Alexander Gref, at the Paderewski Philharmonic in Bydgoszcz, Poland on 4 June 2009. Russian Bayan virtuoso Stas Venglevski has premiered contemporary works by Yehuda Yannay, Anthony Galla-Rini and William Susman.
# Human Fragility

Human Fragility is an oil-on-canvas painting of 1656 by the Italian artist Salvator Rosa. It was painted during a plague in Naples; many of Rosa's relatives, including his son, brother, and sister, died. The painting is now in the Fitzwilliam Museum, Cambridge.
The work depicts figures enacting an allegory: the seated woman is said to be Lucrezia, Rosa's mistress, and the young boy his son, wrist clenched by Death. The angel of death is manipulating the boy's hand to write "Conceptio Culpa, Nasci Pena, Labor Vita, Necesse Mori – 'Conception is a sin, Birth is a punishment, Life is toil, Death a necessity." The canvas is adorned with many foreboding indicia and memento mori(s)that remind the viewer that to be human is to be mortal. The ring of pale roses around the mother's head is probably an allusion to the family name. Salvator's own initials appear at the very bottom of the canvas, on the blade of the knife, a death symbol, the ruthless steel that has severed his family from him.
# Changi Naval Base

Changi Naval Base (CNB), officially known as RSS Singapura – Changi Naval Base, is a naval base of the Republic of Singapore Navy (RSN) and United States Navy (USN). Located about 1.5 kilometres east of Changi Air Base (East) and 3.5 kilometres east of Singapore Changi Airport, the base was built on 1.28 km$^2$ (0.49 sq mi) of reclaimed land. It was officially opened on 21 May 2004 by then Prime Minister of Singapore, Goh Chok Tong. A Navy Museum was opened at the entrance of the base in 2012.

## Overview

Its 6.2 km (3.9 mi) berthing space can accommodate an aircraft carrier and is often used by visiting ships of the Royal Navy as part of the Five Power Defence Arrangements (FPDA) and United States Navy, as a result of the signing of the addendum to the 1990 United States–Singapore Memorandum of Understanding on 10 November 1990, which formalised arrangements for US Navy ships to use CNB facilities.
The Straits Times stated in an editorial that:
   The US Navy uses Singapore's naval facilities for logistics and re-supply, while Singapore uses American airbases and abundant space for ground training.
In 2017, India and Singapore signed a bilateral agreement which will allow Indian Navy ships limited logistical support, including refuelling, at CNB.

## Design

Automation was incorporated into the design of CNB to reduce manpower requirements. It has an automated underground ammunition depot that allows ammunition to be loaded onto the ships and an automated warehouse system to store items. The base has a fibre-optic broadband network for information management. The base was also designed to be environment-friendly, with three small-scale wind turbines powering the 50 lights along the breakwaters at night. Conventional roof construction materials were substituted by 72 thin-film solar panels and the solar energy generated lights 100 downlights in the base. Seawater is used in the air-conditioning system, saving about 35,000 m$^3$ (equivalent to 20 Olympic-sized pools) of potable water annually.

## Deployment

Currently, aircraft carriers, submarines, frigates, amphibious transport docks and missile gunboats are based at CNB. Co-located in CNB is the Changi Naval Training Base, also known as RSS Panglima—named in honour of the first ship of the Navy.
# Kadara Enyeasi

Kadara Enyeasi is a Nigerian fine art photographer.

## Career

Kadara started taking photographs of close family as a teenager in high school with a 2-megapixel Nikon camera. He graduated from the University of Lagos with a major in architecture.
His work has featured on the Lagos Photo Festival in 2015 and 2017. His work is featured in the Zeitz MOCAA exhibition, Still Here Tomorrow To High Five You Yesterday (2019). His work was curated as part of the collection that was exhibited at the maiden Art X Lagos in 2016. His work has appeared on CNN, Vogue and at Foam X African Artists’ Foundation by the Foam Fotografiemuseum.
He was nominated for the Edwin George Prize for Photography at the Future Awards Africa 2017.
# Stanine

Stanine (STAndard NINE) is a method of scaling test scores on a nine-point standard scale with a mean of five and a standard deviation of two.
Some web sources attribute stanines to the U.S. Army Air Forces during World War II. Psychometric legend has it that a 1–9 scale was used because of the compactness of recording the score as a single digit but Thorndike claims that by reducing scores to just nine values, stanines "reduce the tendency to try to interpret small score differences (p. 131)". The earliest known use of stanines was by the U.S. Army Air Forces in 1942.

## Calculation

Test scores are scaled to stanine scores using the following algorithm:
* Rank results from lowest to highest
* Give the lowest 4% a stanine of 1, the next 7% a stanine of 2, etc., according to the following table:
Calculating Stanines :
| Bracketed proportion | 4% | 7% | 12% | 17% | 20% | 17% | 12% | 7% | 4% |
| Stanine | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |
| Standardized score | below −1.75 | −1.75 to −1.25 | −1.25 to −0.75 | −0.75 to −0.25 | −0.25 to +0.25 | +0.25 to +0.75 | +0.75 to +1.25 | +1.25 to +1.75 | above +1.75 |
| Wechsler scale score | below 74 | 74 to 81 | 81 to 89 | 89 to 96 | 96 to 104 | 104 to 111 | 111 to 119 | 119 to 126 | above 126 |
| Cumulative proportion | 4% | 11% | 23% | 40% | 60% | 77% | 89% | 96% | 100% |
The underlying basis for obtaining stanines is that a normal distribution is divided into nine intervals, each of which has a width of 0.5 standard deviations excluding the first and last, which are just the remainder (the tails of the distribution). The median lies at the centre of the fifth interval.

## Use today

Today stanines are mostly used in educational assessment.
* The University of Alberta in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada used the stanine system until 2003, when it switched to a 4-point scale.
* In the United States, the Educational Records Bureau (they administer the "ERBs") reports test scores as stanines and percentiles.
* The New Zealand Council for Educational Research uses stanines.
* GL Assessment use stanines alongside SAS (Standardised Age Scores) to express the results of its CAT4 assessments, used in many UK and British international schools
* The Otis-Lennon School Ability Test uses a stanine system along with percentiles.
* High schools in Korea use a stanine system to evaluate their students.
* The IDF (Israeli Defense Force) uses the stanine grading system ranging from 10 to 90 (10, 20, 30 and so on) to rank intelligence ability relevant to the army's use, determined by a 100 question test divided to 4 categories having to do with different uses and implications of cognitive abilities
* The Polish Matura secondary-school exam results and university admissions utilise the stanine system
# Tuviah Friedman

Tuviah Friedman (23 January 1922 – 13 January 2011) was a Nazi hunter and director of the Institute for the Documentation of Nazi War Crimes in Haifa, Israel.
Friedman was born in Radom, Poland, in 1922. During World War II he was imprisoned in a Nazi concentration camp near Radom, from which he escaped in 1944. The following year he was appointed an interrogation officer in the Gdańsk jail. From 1946 to 1952 he worked for Haganah Wien in Austria, as Director of Staff of the Documentation Center in Vienna, where he and his colleagues hunted down numerous Nazis. Afterwards, in Israel, he played a role in the capture of Adolf Eichmann.

## Papers

Friedman's autobiography is titled The Hunter. The archives at Yad Vashem in Israel contain dossiers on various Nazis, collected by Friedman.
# Breaking the Fourth Wall (album)

Breaking the Fourth Wall is the eighth live album and video by American progressive metal band Dream Theater, recorded live at the Boston Opera House on March 25, 2014, and released on September 29 on CD, DVD, and Blu-ray; the DVD and Blu-ray releases include bonus features. The release was announced by the band on August 21, 2014, and a promotional video featuring the live version of "The Looking Glass" was uploaded to YouTube. Another promotional video featuring the live version of "Strange Déjà Vu" was uploaded on September 15, 2014.
The concert was filmed and directed by Pierre and François Lamoureux, known for their work on most of the concert films by Rush. It features the Berklee College of Music "World Strings" and "Concert Choir" on all songs from "Illumination Theory" onwards.
Breaking the Fourth Wall has been released in a number of formats:
* 2xDVD
* Digital MP3 Album
* Blu-ray
* Blu-ray + 3xCD
* Blu-ray + 3xCD + poster
Customers who pre-ordered the album received an instant download of "The Looking Glass".

## Track listing
### DVD/Blu-ray

The Blu-ray release features all songs on one disc, while the DVD release consists of two discs.

### CD
## Personnel

Dream Theater
* James LaBrie – lead vocals
* John Petrucci – guitars, backing vocals
* Jordan Rudess – keyboards, Continuum, iPad apps, Seaboard
* John Myung – bass, Moog Taurus pedals
* Mike Mangini – drums, percussion
Guest Musicians (Tracks 14-18 & Intro Movie)
* Berklee College of Music orchestra and choir
* Eren Başbuğ – orchestral arrangements, conducting
DVD Credits
* Pierre Lamoureux – director
* François Lamoureux – director
* Denis Normandeau – Recording Engineer
* Albert Chambers – Recording Engineer
* Martin Julien – editor
* Richard Chycki – mixing, mastering
* Hugh Syme - cover art
# Brazilian Judo Confederation

The Brazilian Judo Confederation (Portuguese: Confederação Brasileira de Judô (CBJ)) is the national body responsible for managing and promoting the sport of judo in Brazil, founded on 18 March 1969 and headquartered in Rio de Janeiro.
Until 2009 the CBJ was a member of the Pan American Judo Union.
The CBJ is affiliated with the International Judo Federation and the Pan American Judo Confederation since 2009.
In 2013, its president has been Paulo Wanderley Teixeira$_{[pt]}$.
In 2024, its president is Silvio Borges.

## Olympics

Updated until 2024 Summer Olympics
| Year | Medal | Name | Event |
| 1972 | Bronze | Chiaki Ishii | Men's 93 kg |
| 1984 | Silver | Douglas Vieira | Men's 95 kg |
| 1984 | Bronze | Luís Onmura | Men's 71 kg |
| 1984 | Bronze | Walter Carmona | Men's 86 kg |
| 1988 | Gold | Aurélio Miguel | Men's 95 kg |
| 1992 | Gold | Rogério Sampaio | Men's 65 kg |
| 1996 | Bronze | Henrique Guimarães | Men's 65 kg |
| 1996 | Bronze | Aurélio Miguel | Men's 95 kg |
| 2000 | Silver | Tiago Camilo | Men's 73 kg |
| 2000 | Silver | Carlos Honorato | Men's 90 kg |
| 2004 | Bronze | Leandro Guilheiro | Men's 73 kg |
| 2004 | Bronze | Flávio Canto | Men's 81 kg |
| 2008 | Bronze | Leandro Guilheiro | Men's 73 kg |
| 2008 | Bronze | Tiago Camilo | Men's 81 kg |
| 2008 | Bronze | Ketleyn Quadros | Women's 57 kg |
| 2012 | Gold | Sarah Menezes | Women's 48 kg |
| 2012 | Bronze | Felipe Kitadai | Men's 60 kg |
| 2012 | Bronze | Rafael Silva | Men's +100 kg |
| 2012 | Bronze | Mayra Aguiar | Women's 78 kg |
| 2016 | Gold | Rafaela Silva | Women's 57 kg |
| 2016 | Bronze | Rafael Silva | Men's +100 kg |
| 2016 | Bronze | Mayra Aguiar | Women's 78 kg |
| 2020 | Bronze | Daniel Cargnin | Men's 66 kg |
| 2020 | Bronze | Mayra Aguiar | Women's 78 kg |
| 2024 | Gold | Beatriz Souza | Women's +78 kg |
| 2024 | Silver | Willian Lima | Men's 66 kg |
| 2024 | Bronze | Larissa Pimenta | Women's 52 kg |
| 2024 | Bronze | Willian Lima Daniel Cargnin Guilherme Schimidt Rafael Macedo Leonardo Gonçalves Rafael Silva Larissa Pimenta Rafaela Silva Ketleyn Quadros Beatriz Souza | Mixed team |

## Titles at the World Judo Championships

Updated after the 2022 World Judo Championships.
| Year | Name | Event |
| 2005 | João Derly | Men's 66 kg |
| 2007 | João Derly | Men's 66 kg |
| 2007 | Tiago Camilo | Men's 81 kg |
| 2007 | Luciano Corrêa | Men's 100 kg |
| 2013 | Rafaela Silva | Women's 57 kg |
| 2014 | Mayra Aguiar | Women's 78 kg |
| 2017 | Mayra Aguiar | Women's 78 kg |
| 2022 | Rafaela Silva | Women's 57 kg |
| 2022 | Mayra Aguiar | Women's 78 kg |
# Avion Express

Avion Express is a Lithuanian Charter, ACMI and aircraft leasing specialist operator headquartered in Vilnius. The company is a part of Avia Solutions Group and operates charter flights for tour operators departing from Vilnius, but also a ACMI service for airlines.

## History

Avion Express was established in 2005 as Nordic Solutions Air Services. At that time, the airline was operating four Saab 340 cargo and passenger aircraft. In 2008 the company was re-branded to its current name Avion Express. In 2010 Avion Express was acquired by French investment company Eyjafjoll SAS, formed by Avion Capital Partners of Switzerland along with other investors.
In 2011 Avion Express introduced its first Airbus A320, which was the first Airbus aircraft to be registered in Lithuania. In December, two more Airbus A320s were added to the fleet. In 2013, Avion Express passed the IOSA Operational Safety Audit and obtained an IATA registration. The last Saab 340 cargo aircraft was removed from operation in March 2013. By summer of 2014, the airline was operating a fleet of nine Airbus A320s and two Airbus A319s. That same year Avion Express established a subsidiary company Dominican Wings, a low-cost airline based in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic. In summer 2017 Avion Express introduced Airbus A321 aircraft.
In June 2017, Avion Express announced that it had sold its 65% stake in Dominican Wings to the president of the company. In August 2017, Avion Express signed partnership agreement with the Lithuanian Aviation Academy (VGTU A. Gustaitis’ Aviation Institute). Since autumn 2017 Avion Express has also been collaborating with BAA Training on the cadet programme.
In 2019 Avion Express established Avion Express Malta, a subsidiary company based in Malta. The company started operations in May the same year.

## Destinations

Avion Express operates the following scheduled destinations:
| Country | City | Airport | Notes |
| Austria | Salzburg | Salzburg Airport Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart | |
| Egypt | Sharm El Sheikh | Sharm El Sheikh International Airport | Seasonal |
| Egypt | Hurghada | Hurghada International Airport | Seasonal |
| Jordan | Aqaba | King Hussein International Airport | |
| Lithuania | Vilnius | Vilnius Airport | Hub |

## Fleet

As of January 2025, Avion Express operates the following fleet:
10 A320 expected. :
| Aircraft | In Service | Passengers | Notes |
| Airbus A320neo | 0 | 180 | Planned to be integrated |
| Airbus A320-200 | 81 | 180 |

## Incidents and accidents

* On 3 February 2024, Vilnius International Airport was closed after Avion Express Flight 8242 (registration LY-NVL), landing from Milan Bergamo Airport veered off the runway and onto the grass whilst landing, the aircraft maneuvered back onto the runway and taxied to the terminal. The belly has received substantial damage.
# Symphony, K. 111+120 (Mozart)

The Symphony in D major "No. 48", K. 111+120, was composed by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart in 1771. The first two movements are from the overture to the opera Ascanio in Alba, K. 111, and the last movement, K. 120/111a, was composed separately.
The symphony is scored for two flutes, two oboes, two horns in D, two trumpets in D, timpani and strings. The trumpets and timpani are silent for the second movement.
The symphony consists of the following movements:
* Allegro assai, $^4$ $_4$
* Andante grazioso, $^3$ $_8$
* Presto, $^3$ $_8$
The Alte Mozart-Ausgabe (published 1879–1882) gives the numbering sequence 1–41 for the 41 numbered symphonies. The unnumbered symphonies (some, including K. 120, published in supplements to the Alte-Mozart Ausgabe until 1910) are sometimes given numbers in the range 42 to 56, even though they were written earlier than Mozart's Symphony No. 41 (written in 1788). The symphony K. 111+120 is given the number 48 in this numbering scheme.
The final (Presto) movement of this symphony is also employed as the final movement of the Musik zu einer Pantomime: Pantalon und Colombine (Music to a Pantomime) in D major, K. 446/416d (1783, incomplete) in the completion and orchestration by Franz Beyer (recorded by Sir Neville Marriner and the Academy of St Martin in the Fields for The Complete Mozart Edition).
# Abdulkarim Sabo Muhammad

Abdulkarim Sabo Muhammad is a professor and the third Vice-Chancellor of Federal University, Dutse. He was elected the Vice-Chancellor after the governing council advertised the position and 36 application were received. Abdulkarim Sabo was the returning officer for Bauchi Governorship Election where Bala Muhammed of PDP won the election in 2023.

## Career

Abdulkarim was the former Deputy Vice-Chancellor, Academics of Federal University, Dutse. He was elected the Vice-Chancellor after the governing council of the University declared him the winner out of the 36 contestants for the post after the end of tenure of Fatima Batulu Muktar, his predecessor in 2023. He was elected through a voting process organised by the governing council after the shortlist of top three contestants.
# Kamel Soufi

Kamel Soufi (Arabic: كمال سوفي; born 5 March 1996) is an Algerian professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for USM Alger in the Algerian Ligue Professionnelle 1.

## Career

In 2021, Soufi signed a contract with MC Oran.
On 1 August 2023, Soufi joined USM Alger. His first title came with the opening of the season by winning the CAF Super Cup against Al Ahly. On October 14, 2023, Soufi participated in his first match in Ligue 1 against USM Khenchela, which led him to victory and the first clean sheet for him.

## Career statistics
### Club

    As of 14 June 2024
| Club | Season | League | League | League | Cup | Cup | Continental | Continental | Other | Other | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| MC Oran | 2021–22 | Ligue 1 | 32 | 0 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 32 | 0 |
| MC Oran | 2022–23 | Ligue 1 | 27 | 0 | 1 | 0 | — | — | — | — | 28 | 0 |
| Total | Total | Total | 59 | 0 | 1 | 0 | — | — | — | — | 60 | 0 |
| USM Alger | 2023–24 | Ligue 1 | 15 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | 18 | 0 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 74 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | 78 | 0 |
* ↑ All appearance(s) in CAF Confederation Cup

## Honours

USM Alger
* CAF Super Cup: 2023
# Surendra Singh Nagar

Surendra Singh Nagar (born 10 May 1965) is an Indian politician and Member of Parliament in Rajya Sabha since July 2016. He was also a Member of Parliament in the 15th Lok Sabha from Gautam Buddha Nagar constituency of Uttar Pradesh as a Bahujan Samaj Party candidate. He was a member of Bahujan Samaj Party from May 2008 to 2014. He joined Samajwadi Party before the Lok Sabha elections in 2014. On 10 August 2019, he joined Bharatiya Janta Party.

## Personal life

Surendra Nagar was born on 10 May 1965 in the village of Gulaothi of Bulandshahr district in Uttar Pradesh to Ved Ram Nagar and Dharam Wati Nagar. He holds a B.Com. degree from SSV College in Hapur. He married Rakhi Nagar 2 May 1987, with whom he has two sons and a daughter. By profession, Nagar is an agriculturist and businessman.

## Political career

Nagar has been in active politics since 1990s and has held various posts during the years. This is his first term as M.P.
Prior to becoming M.P., Nagar was also a member of Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly.
In June 2016, he became a Member of Parliament in Rajya Sabha. He resigned on 2 August 2019.
On 10 August 2019, Nagar joined Bharatiya Janta Party.

## Positions held

Surendra Singh Nagar has been elected 1 time as Lok Sabha MP and 3 times as Rajya Sabha MP.
| # | From | To | Position | Party |
| 1. | 1998 | 2004 | MLC (1st term) in Uttar Pradesh Legislative Council | |
| 2. | 2004 | 2009 | MLC (2nd term) in Uttar Pradesh Legislative Council (resigned in 2009) | |
| 3. | 2009 | 2014 | MP (1st term) in 15th Lok Sabha from Gautam Buddha Nagar | BSP |
| 4. | 2016 | 2019 | MP (1st term) in Rajya Sabha from Uttar Pradesh (resigned in 2019) | SP |
| 5. | 2019 | 2022 | MP (2nd term) in Rajya Sabha from Uttar Pradesh (by-poll) | BJP |
| 6. | 2022 | Present | MP (3rd term) in Rajya Sabha from Uttar Pradesh | BJP |