OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Geyser Valley trail

The Geyser Valley trail in Olympic National Park is an area along the Elwha River between Rica Canyon and the Grand Canyon of the Elwha, where many homesteaders tried to eke out a living in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Today, this trail allows hikers to visit several interesting sites, as well as, providing several loops of different lengths.
The route begins at Whiskey Bend Trailhead, at the end of Whiskey Bend road, approximately 5 miles from the Elwha Ranger Station. It travels for about 1.3 miles along the Elwha River trail, before the first descent down approximately 400 feet to Goblins Gate at the head of Rica Canyon. The trail continues along the Elwha River through a riparian forest of bigleaf maple, red alder, black cottonwood, with Douglas fir, Western red cedar, and Grand fir.
The trail passes the alder grove of Krause Bottom, where the first possible loop back up the slope heads up, and some old homesteader clearings, before arriving at Humes Ranch Cabin, approximately 3 miles from the trailhead. Humes Ranch Cabin is maintained today by the National Park Service as a historic site, and the meadows below the cabin are kept open as Humes once did. You can also see 100-year-old fruit trees in the pastures. Approximately 3/4 of a mile further, the trail climbs the eroding cliffs along the river and crosses Dodger point bridge at the mouth of the Grand Canyon of the Elwha. This marks the end of Geyser Valley, but the trail continues for 11 miles up to the summit of Dodger Point Mountain at over 5,700 ft.
It is possible to begin looping back to the Elwha river trail, by slowly climbing the slope. The trail will meet the short-cut coming up from Humes Ranch Cabin and then will pass the old homestead of Michael's Cabin. The trail then heads back on a level grade back towards Whiskey Bend trailhead.
Homesteaders historically reported seeing enormous numbers of salmon coming up the river each year to spawn. However, salmon have been blocked from the upper 65 miles of river habitat with the construction of the Elwha Dam in 1913. However, both the Elwha Dam and Glines Canyon Dam were removed in 2012. As part of the Elwha Ecosystem Restoration project, Chinook salmon began returning to the Geyser Valley.

## Gallery

* Humes Ranch Cabin Homestead Site
* Dodger Point Bridge
* Geyser Valley of the Elwha River
# Jagdish Pradhan

Jagdish Pradhan is an Indian politician and a member of the Sixth Legislative Assembly of Delhi in India. He represents the Mustafabad constituency of New Delhi and is a member of the Bharatiya Janata Party political party.

## Early life and education

Jagdish Pradhan was born in New Delhi. He attended the Loni Inter College and is educated till tenth grade degree.

## Political career

Jagdish Pradhan has been a MLA for one term. He represented the Mustafabad constituency and is a member of the Bharatiya Janata Party political party.

## Posts held

| # | From | To | Position | Comments |
| 01 | Feb 2015 | Feb 2020 | Member, Sixth Legislative Assembly of Delhi | |
# Walter Spencer-Stanhope (1827–1911)

Sir Walter Thomas William Spencer-Stanhope (21 December 1827 – 17 November 1911) was a British Conservative politician and Volunteer officer.

## Background

He was the eldest son of John Spencer-Stanhope and grandson of Walter Spencer-Stanhope (see Spencer-Stanhope family). His mother was Lady Elizabeth Wilhelmina, daughter of Thomas Coke, 1st Earl of Leicester. John Roddam Spencer Stanhope was his younger brother.

## Military career

Spencer-Stanhope was a captain in the part-time 2nd West Riding Yeomanry and raised the 36th (Rotherham) Yorkshire West Riding Rifle Volunteer Corps during the invasion scare of 1859–60. When the Rifle Volunteers in Rotherham and Doncaster were brought together into an administrative battalion he was appointed lieutenant-colonel in command; this later became the 2nd Volunteer Battalion, York and Lancaster Regiment. Lieutenant-Colonel Stanhope was promoted to colonel on 1 July 1881, was awarded a CB for his Volunteer work in 1887, and received the Volunteer Decoration (VD) in 1892. He finally retired from the command in 1895 and became Honorary Colonel of the battalion. He was knighted (KCB) in 1904.

## Political career

Spencer-Stanhope was returned to Parliament as one of two representatives for the southern division of the West Riding of Yorkshire in an 1872 by-election, a seat he held until 1880.

## Family

Spencer-Stanhope married Elizabeth Julia, daughter of Sir John Buxton, 2nd Baronet, in 1856. They had eleven children: John Montague (b. 1860), Walter (b. 1861), Edward Collingwood (b. 1863), Hugh (b. 1864), Philip Bertie (b. 1868), Mary Gertrude, Cecily Winifrid (who helped her father design the ballroom at the family seat of Cannon Hall and "Fairyland" in the pleasure grounds of the estate), Margaret Isabella, Alice Mildred, Winifrid Julia, and an infant daughter who did not survive. Elizabeth Julia died in September 1880. Spencer-Stanhope survived her by over 30 years and died in November 1911, aged 83.
# Summerlea, Edmonton

Summerlea is a neighbourhood located in west Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. It is bounded by 170 Street to the east, 178 Street to the west, 95 Avenue to the north and 87 Avenue to the south. Summerlea is home to West Edmonton Mall, one of Edmonton's best-known tourist destinations. The mall occupies almost the entire southern half of the neighbourhood.
The community is represented by the Summerlea Community League, established in 1984.

## Demographics

In the City of Edmonton's 2012 municipal census, Summerlea had a population of 2,058 living in 1,008 dwellings, a -0.7% change from its 2009 population of 2,072. With a land area of 1.1 km$^2$ (0.42 sq mi), it had a population density of 1,870.9 people/km$^2$ in 2012.
Summerlea is an ethnically diverse neighbourhood with no identifiable ethnic group accounting for more than 10% of the population. Almost two out of three respondents in the 2001 federal census indicated affiliation with multiple ethnic groups.

## Crime

With the largest mall in North America in the neighbourhood and a booming Alberta economy, Summerlea has some challenges with crime. Between 2000 and 2003, the number of property crimes tripled, before leveling off in 2004 and declining in 2005. "Property crime involves unlawful acts with the intent of gaining property. It includes actual and attempted break and enter, actual and attempted motor vehicle theft, ‘other’ theft (i.e. theft from vehicle, shoplifting, theft of bicycle, and other thefts), possession of stolen property, and fraud."

## Surrounding neighbourhoods

Surrounding neighbourhoods are Terra Losa to the north, Glenwood to the northeast, West Meadowlark Park to the east, Elmwood to the southeast, Thorncliff to the south, Aldergrove to the southwest, Belmead to the west, and La Perle to the northwest.
vtePlaces adjacent to Summerlea, Edmonton :
La Perle
Terra Losa
Glenwood
Belmead
Summerlea
West Meadowlark Park
Aldergrove
Thorncliff
Elmwood :
# Newlyn Downs

50°20′57″N 5°02′44″W﻿ / ﻿50.3493°N 5.0456°W﻿ / 50.3493; -5.0456
Newlyn Downs is a Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) in north Cornwall, England, UK, noted for its biological characteristics.

## Geography

The 115.7-hectare (286-acre) SSSI, notified in 1997, is located mainly within the civil parish of St Newlyn East, 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) south of the town of Newquay. The streams that rise on the site are tributaries of the River Gannel. The Downs are also designated a Special Area of Conservation.

## Wildlife and ecology

The soil of the site, deriving from slate-based mudstones and siltstones, is permanently waterlogged in large places. It is the foundation for the largest area in Cornwall of Southern Atlantic wet heath, containing cross-leaved heath (Erica tetralix) and Dorset heath (Erica ciliaris).
# Mausoleum of Theodoric

The Mausoleum of Theodoric (Italian: Mausoleo di Teodorico) is an ancient monument just outside Ravenna, Italy. It was built in AD 520 by Theodoric the Great, king of the Ostrogoths, as his future tomb.

## Description

The mausoleum's current structure consists of two decagonal orders, one above the other made of Istrian stone, sourced from a quarry approximately 400 kilometres (249 mi) away by land journey. The mausoleum's roof consists of a single carved stone 10 metres (33 ft) in diameter weighing 230 tonnes. A niche leads down to a room that was probably a chapel for funeral liturgies; an external stair leads to the upper floor. Located in the centre of the upper floor is a fragmentary ancient Roman porphyry tub, likely from a bath complex, in which Theodoric was buried. His remains were removed during Byzantine rule, when the mausoleum was turned into a Christian oratory. In the late 19th century, silting from a nearby rivulet that had partly submerged the mausoleum was drained and excavated.

## Recognition

It was inscribed with seven other "Early Christian Monuments and Mosaics of Ravenna" buildings as one of the UNESCO World Heritage Sites in 1996. According to the ICOMOS evaluation, "the significance of the mausoleum lies in its Gothic style and decoration, which owe nothing to Roman or Byzantine art, although it makes use of the Roman stone construction technique of opus quadratum, which had been abandoned four centuries before" and in the fact that "it is the only surviving example of a tomb of a king of this period."
* Inside lower level
* Inside top level
* Inside top level with cracked roof stone
* Inside top level
* Porphyry tub used by Theodoric as sarcophagus
# Geneva County School District

Geneva County School District is a school district in Geneva County, Alabama, headquartered in Hartford.

## Schools
### High Schools

* Geneva County High School
* Geneva Regional Career Technical Center (G-TECH)
* Samson High School
* Slocomb High School

### Middle Schools

* Geneva County Middle School
* Samson Middle School
* Slocomb Middle School

### Elementary Schools

* Geneva County Elementary School
* Samson Elementary School
* Slocomb Elementary School
# Glacial Lakes State Trail

The Glacial Lakes State Trail is a multi-use recreational rail trail in south-central Minnesota, USA. Developed from a former Burlington Northern Railroad grade, it traverses a landscape of lakes and gently rolling hills formed 10,000 years ago during the last glacial period. The trail currently extends 22 miles (35 km) from outside Willmar through the communities of Spicer, New London, and Hawick to the North Fork Crow River. Beyond that the undeveloped railbed is open for some recreational uses for another 22 miles (35 km) through the city of Richmond, but some of the original railroad bridges are closed. The developed section is continuously paved, with parallel grass trackways or shoulders for horseback riding along the whole route. Bicyclists can connect to a 3-mile (4.8 km) roadside route to access Sibley State Park.
# Ram Shankar Katheria

Ram Shankar Katheria (born 21 September 1964) is an Indian politician and former chairman of the National Commission for Scheduled Castes. He is a member of the 17th Lok Sabha of India representing Etawah constituency of Uttar Pradesh. He represented the Agra constituency of Uttar Pradesh previously. He is a member of the Bharatiya Janata Party. He was a Minister of State in the Human Resource Development Ministry till 6 July 2016.

## Life

Katheria was born in Nagriya Sarawa village, Etawah, Uttar Pradesh on 21 September 1964 to Sone Lal and Shanti Devi. He spent his early years at the local Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS) unit, which also facilitated his education. He holds PhD from Kanpur University. He worked as a pracharak of the RSS in Agra for 13 years.
Before joining politics, he was a Professor of Hindi at the Agra University where he has taught Dalit Chetna (Dalit upliftment) and wrote several books on the subject.
On 17 February 2001, he married Mridula Katheri, with whom he has two sons and one daughter.

## Political career

Katheria was appointed as a National General-Secretary of the BJP in August 2014 and, in October, he was made in charge of the Chhattisgarh and Punjab states. However, in his November cabinet expansion, Narendra Modi inducted Katheria as a Minister of State in the Human Resource Development Ministry, where he served till 6 July 2016.
| # | From | To | Position |
| 01 | 2009 | 2014 | Member, 15th Lok Sabha |
| 02 | 2009 | 2014 | Member, Committee on Urban Development |
| 03 | 2009 | 2014 | Member, Committee on Papers Laid on the Table |
| 04 | 2009 | 2014 | Member, Committee on Petitions |
| 05 | 2009 | 2014 | Member, Consultative Committee on Rural Development |
| 06 | 2017 | 2020 | Chair, National Commission for Scheduled Castes |

## Controversies

Katheria has been charged with forging two of his degree mark-sheets (for BA and MA) allegedly to secure a job at the Agra University. The case is being heard in an Agra court. Katheria has also listed 20 other pending cases against him in his election affidavit.

## Publications

Katheria has written four books.
# Gregg Hoffman

Gregg Hoffman (June 11, 1963 – December 4, 2005) was a film producer responsible for developing Saw and Saw II. He studied communications, law and economics at American University in Washington, D.C. Hoffman was working on Saw III and Crawlspace when he died in a hospital in Hollywood, California of natural causes. He was 42 years old at his death. The movie Dead Silence (2007) was dedicated to him. He was also thanked in the film Gross Misconduct, mentioned as dedicatee for Saw III, and posthumously credited with producing the Saw films from 2007 through 2023.

## Filmography

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 1991 | Scorchers | Music supervisor | |
| 1992 | Only You | Music supervisor and co-producer | |
| 1993 | Gross Misconduct | — | Thanked |
| 2003 | George of the Jungle 2 | Producer | |
| 2004 | Saw | Producer | |
| 2005 | Saw II | Producer | |
| 2006 | Saw III | Producer | Posthumous release |
| 2007 | Dead Silence | Producer | Dedicated to; posthumous release |
| 2007 | Catacombs | Producer | Posthumous release |
| 2007 | Saw IV | Producer | Posthumous release |
| 2008 | Saw V | Producer | Posthumous release |
| 2009 | Saw VI | Producer | Posthumous release |
| 2010 | Saw 3D | Producer | Posthumous release |
| 2017 | Jigsaw | Producer | Posthumous release |
| 2021 | Spiral | Executive producer | Posthumous release |
| 2023 | Saw X | Executive producer | Posthumous release |
# Thomas d'Ippegrave

Thomas d'Ippegrave was an English official who had "a career fairly characteristic of the more capable clerks" in the household of the Lord Edward, future Edward I of England. He was a member of the Privy Council of Ireland in 1264, served as Constable of the Tower and Lord Mayor of London in 1268 and then served as Seneschal of Gascony from 1268 until 1269.
Although he had professional training as a lawyer, Thomas began his governmental career as a minor clerk in the Lord Edward's household. He can be seen acting in connection with the Duchy of Gascony, which belonged to Edward, as early as 1255. He rose to the position of keeper of the wardrobe for Edward by 1259, perhaps originally working as the deputy of the previous keeper, Ralph de Donjon. As keeper of the wardrobe, he received and disbursed money on Edward's behalf.
In 1259 he was in Gascony in his capacity as a former lawyer to assist the king's lieutenant for Gascony, Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester. He had by that time become a knight and was appointed by King Henry III along with another knight and a clerk to defend the Crown against the lawsuit brought by Renaud II de Pons and his wife, Marguerite de Turenne. This was the first case from Gascony that was appealed to the parlement of Paris. Thomas had returned to the Lord Edward's service by January 1260, and he visited France in Edward's entourage in November 1260.
Thomas was sent on a "special mission" to Ireland in 1264, during which he sat with the other members of the king's Secretum Consilium (privy council). The purpose of his mission was to take part in the inquest into allegations that the Archbishop of Dublin was interfering with pleas to the Crown. His stay in Ireland was short. By early 1265 he had returned to England. There he supervised the collection of a tallage (tax) on the Jews.
Thomas was appointed seneschal before 21 November 1268, when as seneschal he witnessed the signing of the marriage contract between Henry of Almain, the king's nephew, and Constance of Béarn, a leading Gascon heiress. He then issued a writ confirming the contract, formally releasing Constance from the patria potestas of her father, Viscount Gaston VII of Béarn, and recognising her seisin of the viscounties of Brulhois and Gabardan, which were to be her dowry at the time of her marriage. Part of the significance of this writ is that it shows that at the time the suzerainty of the Duke of Gascony over the Viscount of Béarn was not disputed and covered the whole of the viscountcy.
Thomas appears to have been one of only two of fourteen seneschals of Gascony that Edward himself appointed during the lifetime of his father, who appointed all the others. He was replaced as seneschal sometime between March and November 1269. Thomas was granted the position of serjeant of Eastgate in the city of Chester as well as the tolls in 1275. Thomas's widow Joan was granted the custody and tolls of the gate in 1278, which she then surrendered to the crown, in return for a pension.
# Carolyn Wood (swimmer)

Carolyn Virginia Wood (born December 18, 1945) is an American former competition swimmer, Olympic champion, and former world record-holder. She would later work as an English High School teacher.

## Early years

Wood was born in Portland, Oregon, and swam for the Multnomah Athletic Club and for Beaverton High School, where she won seven individual state championships in butterfly, freestyle and the individual medley. At the Multinomah Athletic Club, one of her primary coaches was 1936 Olympic silver medalist Olive McKean. Swimming for MAC at the AAU Oregon Girls' Swimming Championships in February 1961, Jamison set a new Oregon state record for 15-16 year olds in the 100-yard butterfly of 1:12.2, breaking the former state record by 9 seconds.

## 1960 Olympics

At the 1960 U.S. Olympic Trials, Wood finished first in the 100-meter butterfly event and was favored to win the gold medal in the event at the Olympics. At the 1960 Summer Olympics in Rome, however, during the women's 100-meter butterfly finals, she accidentally swallowed water during the turn and did not finish the race. She did win a gold medal as a member of the winning U.S. team in the women's 4×100-meter freestyle relay, together with teammates Joan Spillane, Shirley Stobs and Chris von Saltza. She swam the crucial third leg of the relay, during which she caught up to and passed Australian swimmer Lorraine Crapp and gave a two-foot lead to anchor swimmer von Saltza, who finished the relay in first place to give the Americans the gold medal. The U.S. relay team set a new world record of 4:08.9 in the event final—nine seconds faster than the previous record.
Wood also swam for the gold medal-winning U.S. team in the 4×100-meter medley relay, but under the international swimming rules in effect in 1960, she did not receive a medal because she did not swim in the event final. Individually, she competed in the 100-meter freestyle, and finished fourth in the event final with a time of 1:03.4. Wood, at 14 years old, was the youngest member of the 1960 U.S. Olympic team to win a medal.

## Life after swimming

Following the Olympics, Wood returned to her hometown of Portland, Oregon, where she attended Beaverton High School. During one summer, she worked as a lifeguard and was ruled a professional, and was therefore ineligible to swim in college or in subsequent Olympic Games. Wood attended the University of Oregon and graduated Phi Beta Kappa before becoming an English teacher. She taught at both Beaverton High School and Wilson High School in Portland.
She was inducted into the Oregon Sports Hall of Fame in 1992. Wood's autobiography, Tough Girl: An Olympian's Journey, was released in the autumn of 2016. Wood wrote a follow-up about her year as a governess for Robert F. Kennedy's family following his death in 1968 and her early experiences as a teacher. Titled Class Notes: A Young Teacher's Lessons From Classroom to Kennedy Compound, the book was published in the summer of 2021.
# Llano Independent School District

Llano Independent School District is a public county-wide school district for Llano County, Texas (USA).
The county-wide district serves the cities of Llano and Sunrise Beach Village, the community of Kingsland, and a portion of Horseshoe Bay as well as the rural areas of Llano County.
In 2009, the school district was rated "academically acceptable" by the Texas Education Agency.

## Schools

Llano ISD has four schools - Llano High School, Llano Junior High, Llano Elementary, and Packsaddle Elementary located in Kingsland. Their school colors are orange and black and their mascot is the Yellow Jacket.

### High school

AAA
* Llano High School (Llano; Grades 9-12)
A new high school was built in 2000 with classes beginning Fall 2000. The previous high school is now the middle school just down the road. The Yellow Jacket football team still plays at Llano Stadium next to the middle school. The tennis courts, which were recently remodeled, are also located by Llano Middle School.

### Middle school

* Llano Junior High School (Llano; Grades 6-8)

### Primary schools

* Llano Elementary School (Llano; Grades PK-5)
* Packsaddle Elementary School (Kingsland; Grades PK-5)
# Greg Fives

Greg Fives (1949 - 15 October 2008) was an Irish Gaelic footballer and hurler.
Born in Abbeyside, County Waterford, Fives first played competitive Gaelic football and hurling in his youth. At club level he played with Abbeyside–Ballinacourty.
In retirement from playing Fives became involved in team management and coaching. At club level he served as a selector with Abbeyside and Ballinacourty, while at inter-county level he was manager of the Waterford senior football and intermediate hurling teams.

## Honours
### Player
#### Abbeyside

* Waterford Under-21 Hurling Championship (1): 1966

#### Ballinacourty

* Waterford Under-21 Football Championship (1): 1970 (c)
# Gibraltar Area Schools

Gibraltar Area Schools is a school district headquartered in Fish Creek, an unincorporated area in the town of Gibraltar, Wisconsin. It has two schools: Gibraltar Elementary School (K-6) and Gibraltar Secondary School (7-12). It serves communities in northern Door County, including Fish Creek, Baileys Harbor, Ephraim, Egg Harbor, Ellison Bay, Gills Rock, and Sister Bay. As of 2014 about 578 students attend schools in this district.
Previously the district had separate middle and high schools. As of 2005 there were about 625 students.
Gibraltar District School No. 2, in Ephraim, is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
# Glassmine Falls

Glassmine Falls is an ephemeral waterfall in Buncombe County, North Carolina, on Glassmine Branch, near Barnardsville, NC. It is located below the Blue Ridge Parkway around milepost 362.

## Geology

When it flows, the falls slides down the rock face of Blackstock Knob Mountain down to the North Fork Swannanoa River. The flow is not constant and can sometimes nearly dry up completely. It is most visible after heavy rains, which can be at any time during the year. A sign at the overlook for the falls claims that the falls is over 800 ft (247m) high, although the actual height is probably much less, possibly around 200 feet.

## History

At the base of the falls is the old Abernathy Mine, a mica mine. The miners referred to the mineral they mined as "glass", which is how the falls got its name.

## Visiting The Falls

Access to the falls is restricted to a viewing platform at milemarker 361.2 on the Blue Ridge Parkway. The falls is directly in the City of Asheville's watershed, so direct access to the falls is strictly prohibited.

## Nearby Falls

* Walker Falls
* Douglas Falls
* Mitchell Falls
* Setrock Creek Falls
* Roaring Fork Falls
* Whiteoak Creek Falls