OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Bhāruci

Bhāruci's commentary (bhashya) on the Manu Smrti, or Laws of Manu, is part of the corpus of Dharmaśāstra texts available to us today. It is the oldest commentary on Manu that we know of, and is one of the sources used by Medhātithi, another major commentator on the Manu Smṛti.

## Dating and historical context

Very little is known about the date or historical context in which Bhāruci was writing, but P. V. Kane argues that it cannot have been written after 1050 CE because Vijñāneśvara, the author of the Mitākṣarā, a famous commentary on the Yājñavalkya Smṛti, mentions Bhāruci's commentary in his writing. Viśvarūpa, another commentator on the Yājñavalka Smṛti, also uses Bhāruci as a source. Patrick Olivelle places Bhāruci in the 8th century CE, while J. Duncan M. Derrett places him between 600 and 650 CE. There are two known authors named Bhāruci placed in about the same period of time, one who wrote on Dharmaśāstra and one who was a jurist, and Kane posits that they were in fact the same person because it is unlikely that there were two famous writers with the same name writing at the same time.

## Topics

The main content of Bhāruci's commentary deals with the duties of a king, particularly regarding whether or not the king can be a source of dharma. Bhāruci's view as discussed by Derrett was that the king did not have any legislative power, but he did have "the power to issue regulations and edicts of a temporary character or for the purpose of facilitating objects already inculcated by the dharmaśāstra." Kane agrees, stating that "the king is not the source of the rules of Dharma, but it is śāstra that defines the rules binding on the different varnas (classes) and ashramas (stages of man's life)."
# Cornufer guppyi

Cornufer guppyi (common name: Shortland Island webbed frog or giant webbed frog) is a species of frog in the family Ceratobatrachidae. The species is named after British surgeon Henry B. Guppy who collected the holotype from the Shortland Islands. It is found in New Britain Island (Papua New Guinea) and in the Solomon Islands archipelago, where it is widespread, though it is missing from Makira island (San Cristobal).

## Taxonomy

C. guppyi is the type species and the sole representative of the subgenus Discodeles (formerly recognized as a genus).

## Description

C. guppyi is a large species of frog, with females growing as large as 250 mm (9.8 in) in snout–vent length and a weight of 1 kg (2.2 lb). The snout is rounded. The tympanum is round. The fingers and toes have moderately expanded terminal discs. The toes are fully webbed. The legs are long. Males have external vocal sacs. Preserved specimens show variable colouration, from light tan/almost white to greyish to dark reddish brown, with various darker brown or blackish brown marbling or blotching. The venter is light tan or whitish, often with some brown blotches or speckles.

## Human interaction

Humans mostly use C. guppyi for food purposes, and it is tracked down by listening to its calls during rain, with March being said to be the best time to find it. A whistle is sometimes used to find this frog because it will respond to the noise, and it is said that snapping a twig will fool the frog into thinking one of its legs has been broken. The frog C. guppyi is considered to be a sign of soil fertility if seen in a garden, and the tribes who hold this belief do not typically eat it. Its bones are also sometimes ground up and applied to skin to treat snake or centipede bites.

## Habitat and conservation

C. guppyi is a common species. It inhabits streams and small rivers in lowland rainforests up to elevations of 700 m (2,300 ft) above sea level. It also tolerates some habitat degradation and can be found in rural gardens and degraded forests. It is also known from caves. It can be locally impacted by habitat loss caused by logging, and by collection for human consumption and pet trade. It is also eaten by domestic dogs and cats.
# Motley

Motley is the traditional costume of the court jester, the motley fool, or the arlecchino character in commedia dell'arte. The harlequin wears a patchwork of red, green and blue diamonds that is still a fashion motif.
The word motley is described in the Oxford English Dictionary as a cognate of medley, although the unrelated mottled has also contributed to the meaning. The word is most commonly used as an adjective or noun, but is also seen as a verb and adverb. When used as a noun, it can mean "a varied mixture". As an adjective, it is generally disparaging: a motley collection is an uninspiring pile of stuff, as in the cliché motley crew.
The word originated in England between the 14th and 17th centuries and referred to a woollen fabric of mixed colours. It was the characteristic dress of the professional fool. During the reign of Elizabeth I, motley served the important purpose of keeping the fool outside the social hierarchy and therefore not subject to class distinction. Since the fool was outside the dress laws, the fool was able to speak more freely.
Likewise, motley did not have to be checkered and has been recently thought to be one pattern with different coloured threads running through it.
   Motley is the only wear.
# R136c

R136c is a likely binary star located in R136, a tight knot of stars at the centre of NGC 2070, an open cluster weighing 450,000 solar masses and containing 10,000 stars. At 142 M$_☉$ and 3.8 million L$_☉$, it is the one of the most massive stars known and one of the most luminous, along with being one of the hottest, at over 40,000 K. It was first resolved and named by Feitzinger in 1980, along with R136a and R136b.

## Description

R136c is a Wolf–Rayet star of the spectral type WN5h and with a temperature of 42,170 K, making it one of hottest stars known. It is the one of the most massive stars known, with a mass of 142 M$_☉$, and it is one of the most luminous stars known, with a luminosity of 3.8 million L$_☉$. The extreme luminosity is produced by the CNO fusion process in its highly compressed hot core. Typical of all Wolf–Rayet stars, R136c has been losing mass by means of a strong stellar wind with speeds over 2,000 km/s and mass loss rates in excess of 10$^{−5}$ solar masses per year.
It is strongly suspected to be a binary, due to the detection of hard x-ray emission typical of colliding wind binaries, but the companion is thought to make only a small contribution to the total luminosity. Absorption lines in the spectrum, tentatively assigned to the companion, indicate that it is considerably more massive than the Wolf-Rayet component. An orbit has been derived, but with low confidence and even the period is uncertain, between 5 and 47 days.

## Evolution

R136c is so energetic that it has already lost a substantial fraction of its initial mass, even though it is only a few million years old. It is still effectively on the main sequence, fusing hydrogen at its core via the CNO cycle, but it has convected and mixed fusion products to the surface and these create a powerful stellar wind and emission spectrum normally only seen in highly evolved stars.
Its fate depends on the amount of mass it loses before its core collapses, but is likely to result in a supernova. The most recent models for single star evolution at near-solar metallicities suggest that the most massive stars explode as highly stripped type Ic supernovae, although different outcomes are possible for binaries. Some of these supernovae are expected to produce a type of gamma-ray burst and the expected remnant is a black hole.
# Big Ass (disambiguation)

Big Ass is a Thai rock band. The term may also refer to:
* A slang term for one's buttocks affected by Steatopygia.
* Big Ass Spider!, a 2013 horror comedy film.
* Big Ass Truck, an American rock band.
* "Big Ass Heart," a song featured on the Glee episode "Original Song."
* "Big Ass Show," a festival hosted by American commercial radio station KXRK.
* Chris Rock: Big Ass Jokes, the first HBO special by American comedian Chris Rock.
* Big Ass Fans, an American company which manufactures high-volume low-speed fans.
# Tanner Allen

Tanner Gregory Allen (born June 5, 1998) is an American professional baseball outfielder who is a free agent.

## Amateur career

Allen attended UMS-Wright Preparatory School in Mobile, Alabama, where he played baseball and football. He was selected by the Chicago Cubs in the 36th round of the 2017 Major League Baseball draft but did not sign, instead enrolling at Mississippi State University to play college baseball.
Allen started all 68 games as a freshman for the 2018 Mississippi State Bulldogs baseball team, primarily as a first baseman. He finished the season with a .287 batting average, five home runs, 45 RBIs, and 18 doubles. As a sophomore in 2019, he started 67 games at first base and slashed .349/.426/.516 with seven home runs and 66 RBIs. After the COVID-19 pandemic canceled the 2020 season after playing in only eight games, Allen starred in 2021 when he was named SEC Player of the Year. He was also a consensus All-American and the ABCA National Player of the Year. He was named to the All-Tournament Team of the 2021 College World Series as the Bulldogs won the national title. He finished the 2021 season with a .383/.456/.621 slash line alongside 11 home runs, 66 RBIs, and 11 stolen bases.

## Professional career

Allen was selected by the Miami Marlins in the fourth round, with the 118th overall selection, of the 2021 Major League Baseball draft. He signed for $247,500. Allen made his professional debut with the Rookie-level Florida Complex League Marlins and was promoted to the Jupiter Hammerheads of the Low-A Southeast after three games. Over 33 games and 120 at-bats between the two teams, he slashed .183/.259/.275 with two home runs and ten RBI.
Allen opened the 2022 season with the Beloit Sky Carp of the High-A Midwest League. In 84 games split between Beloit and Jupiter, he hit a combined .201/.272/.304 with three home runs and 28 RBI. Allen split the 2023 campaign between Jupiter, Beloit, and the Double–A Pensacola Blue Wahoos. In 94 games for the three affiliates, he slashed .271/.345/.404 with nine home runs, 41 RBI, and eight stolen bases.
Allen began the 2024 campaign with Pensacola, and later made six appearances for Jupiter. In 44 games for Pensacola, he slashed .225/.315/.349 with two home runs, 12 RBI, and four stolen bases. Allen was released by the Marlins organization on August 2, 2024.

## Personal life

Allen is the son of Windi and Greg Allen.
# Milton Area School District

The Milton Area School District is a small, rural public school district headquartered in Milton, Pennsylvania. The district is located in Northumberland and Union counties. Milton Area School District encompasses approximately 85 square miles (220 km$^2$). According to 2000 federal census data, it served a resident population of 15,510. By 2010, the Milton Area School District's population increased to 16,561 people. The educational attainment levels for the School District population (25 years old and over) were 85.5% high school graduates and 13% college graduates. The district is one of the 500 public school districts of Pennsylvania.
According to the Pennsylvania Budget and Policy Center, 51.4% of the district's pupils lived at 185% or below the Federal Poverty Level as shown by their eligibility for the federal free or reduced price school meal programs in 2012. In 2009, the Milton Area School District residents' per capita income was $17,781, while the median family income was $43,023 a year. In the Commonwealth, the median family income was $49,501 and the United States median family income was $49,445, in 2010. In Northumberland County, the median household income was $41,208. By 2013, the median household income in the United States rose to $52,100. In 2014, the median household income in the USA was $53,700.

## Extracurriculars

Milton Area School District offers a variety of clubs, activities and an extensive sports program.

### Athletics

Milton High School participates in various sports through the Pennsylvania Interscholastic Athletic Association and is a member of the Pennsylvania Heartland Athletic Conference since 2008-2009 school year. The Pennsylvania Heartland Athletic Conference is a voluntary association of 25 PIAA High Schools within the central Pennsylvania region.
The district funds:
Middle School Sports:
# Graphotism

Graphotism (subtitled The International Graffiti Writers Publication) was a magazine published in the United Kingdom and distributed internationally, which covered the subject of street art and graffiti. It is widely regarded as the most popular graffiti publication by graffiti writers, and was a quarterly definitive collection of street art all over the world.
Graphotism was published between 1992 and September 2011. The magazine was a popular item at Tower Records.
According to the deputy editor Ephraim Webber, "The writers [were] some of the most paranoid, un-media friendly people you could ever meet".
# Bill Moore (Queensland politician)

William Matthew Moore (11 September 1897 – 3 February 1976) was a member of the Queensland Legislative Assembly.

## Biography

Moore was born at Miles, Queensland, the son of Patrick Moore and his wife Elizabeth Ann (née Cleary) and was educated in Miles and Brisbane. He was a schoolteacher for thirteen years and an inspector for the State Government Insurance Office. From 1933 to 1940 he was a private businessman. He died in February 1976 and was buried in the Pinnaroo Lawn Cemetery.

## Public career

When the sitting member for Merthyr, James Keogh died in 1940 a by-election was held. Moore, the Labor Party candidate, defeated the UAP candidate and previous member for Merthyr, Patrick Kerwin. In 1957, Moore had joined with Premier, Vince Gair and most of his cabinet in forming the breakaway QLP. An election was called later in the year and he was defeated by the Liberal Party's Ray Ramsden.
During his time in government, Moore held the following portfolios:
* Acting Secretary for Labour and Industry 1948–1949
* Secretary for Mines and Immigration 1949–1950
* Secretary for Health and Home Affairs 1950–1957
When Queensland's free hospital scheme was under attack by the federal government in the 1950s Moore fought tooth and nail to successfully retain it. He was also the member responsible for the Health Acts Amendment Act 1955 which banned the manufacture, sale or use of paint containing white lead.
# Leap of Faith (Shooting Star album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
Leap of Faith is the seventh album by the group Shooting Star. It is the last Shooting Star album to feature vocalist Keith Mitchell and drummer Rod Lincoln; as well as the only album to feature violinist Christian Howes. Two versions of the CD were released, one with bonus tracks and a different order of the tracks.

## Personnel

* Van McLain – guitars, lead and backing vocals
* Keith Mitchell – lead and backing vocals
* Christian Howes – violin
* Dennis Laffoon – keyboards, backing vocals
* Rod Lincoln – drums
* Ron Verlin – bass

### Additional personnel

* Kevin Beamish – backing vocals
* Gary Charlsen – backing vocals
# Altamuskin

Altamuskin or Altamooskan (Irish: Allt a' Mhúscáin, meaning 'Glen of the spongy ground') is a small village and townland in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. It is situated in the historic barony of Clogher and the civil parish of Errigal Keerogue and covers an area of 1165 acres. Altamuskin Community Hall provides sports, youthclub, playgroup and part-time post office and credit union facilities.

## Demographics

In the 2014 census, Altamuskin had a population of 127 people (54 houses). It lies within the Fermanagh and Omagh District Council area and is home to St Bridget's Altamuskin. The population of the townland declined during the 19th century:
| Year | 1841 | 1851 | 1861 | 1871 | 1881 | 1891 |
| Population | 259 | 231 | 224 | 214 | 211 | 159 |
| Houses | 42 | 35 | 37 | 30 | 32 | 28 |
# Adolf Rading

Adolf Peter Rading (2 February 1888, in Berlin – 4 April 1957, in London) was a German architect of the Neues Bauen period, also active in Palestine and Great Britain.

## Career

After finishing architecture school in Berlin, Rading briefly worked in the office of Peter Behrens in 1919. That same year he moved to Breslau, becoming a professor at the State Academy for Arts and Crafts. In 1926 Rading established a partnership with Hans Scharoun, became a member of The Ring (the architectural collective), and in 1927 contributed a single-family house to the Weissenhof Estate exhibition.
After the Nazis came to power in 1933, Rading, whose wife came from a Jewish family, emigrated to France and then to Palestine, in today's Israel. From 1943 through 1950 Rading served as the city architect of Haifa; in 1950 he established himself in Great Britain.
# Daems

Daems is a Dutch patronymic surname. Daem or Daam is short for either Adam, Damianus, or Damasus. The surname is most common in the Belgian province of Antwerp. Daems may refer to:
* Anja Daems (born 1968), Belgian television and radio presenter
* Eduard Daems (1826–1879), Belgian missionary in Wisconsin
** Thiry Daems, Wisconsin, named after him
* Emile Daems (1938–2024), Belgian road racing cyclist
* Filip Daems (born 1978), Belgian footballer
* Greet Daems (born 1980), Belgian politician
* Rik Daems (born 1959), Belgian painter, wine trader and politician
* Willem Frans Daems (1911–1994), Dutch pharmacist, anthroposophist, pianist, teacher and editor
# Fritz Erler

Fritz Erler (15 December 1868 – 11 December 1940) was a German painter, graphic designer and scenic designer. Although most talented as an interior designer, he is perhaps best remembered for several propaganda posters he produced during World War I.

## Education and early career

He was born in Frankenstein (Schlesien). Beginning in 1886 he studied under Albrecht Bräuer at the Staatliche Akademie für Kunst und Kunstgewerbe Breslau. He also attended the Académie Julian in Paris. In 1895 he moved to Munich and lived from 1918 in Holzhausen am Ammersee. His first designs date from 1893: vases, glass windows, book covers, later furniture, theatrical sets, and interior decorations. In 1896 he was a founding member of the magazine Jugend. He also painted several portraits around the start of the 20th century, most notably of Richard Strauss and Gerhart Hauptmann.

## World War I and afterward

Along with Arthur Kampf Erler was one of the official military painters for the Oberste Heeresleitung. His paintings were commissioned as war propaganda.
The promotional poster for the sixth war bond (sechste Kriegsanleihe) was adorned with his painting Helft uns siegen! (1917), perhaps Erler's best-known work. It brought in at least 13.1 million marks more than any other campaign. Its power of moral exhortation has been compared to James Montgomery Flagg's iconic poster of Uncle Sam, while the idea ultimately derives from the influential Lord Kitchener Wants You poster of 1914. A soldier, his face darkened from the muck of the trenches, gazes beyond the viewer into No Man's Land with eyes that shine as if from an inward light. This heroic image depicts the widespread contemporary belief that trench warfare would somehow be a morally cleansing experience.
During the National Socialist period Erler's portraits of Adolf Hitler, Franz von Epp, and Wilhelm Frick were very remunerative.
Erler died in Munich in 1940.
# Reconquista River

The Reconquista River (Spanish, Río Reconquista) is a small river in the province of Buenos Aires, Argentina. Together with the Riachuelo, it is one of the most contaminated watercourses in the country.
The Reconquista is part of the Río de la Plata basin. It originates in Marcos Paz, Buenos Aires Province, and flows across 18 municipalities, emptying into the Luján River. Its drainage basin has an area of 1,670 square kilometres (640 sq mi) and is populated by around 4 million people.
The river carries about 33 percent of the total pollution drained by the estuary of the Río de la Plata, taking into account both industrial and domestic waste. There are about 12,000 industries in its basin, 700 of which dump their waste into the watercourse without controls.
Studies have found nitrites, nitrates, ester-phenols, PCB, and heavy metals. These pollutants can cause hepatitis, skin reactions, gastrointestinal problems and eye infections.

## History

During the 1980s, there was a wave of protests by local residents denouncing the lack of state involvement in cleaning up the river. In 1984, the national Senate addressed the issue of pollution in the Reconquista for the first time.
In 1995, the national government obtained a loan from the Inter-American Development Bank for the cleaning and control of the Reconquista. The construction started in 1996, with a $400 million budget assigned to an autonomous entity called UniRec.
In 2001 they were officially finished, and advertised as such, though only the flood prevention works were built. Four projected waste treatment plants and other sanitation infrastructure were not. There was also no minimization or monitoring of industrial waste dumped into the course.
According to Martín Nunziata, member of a Río de la Plata environmental group, this failure to comply with the plan was the result of political corruption, and also due to the pressure exerted by the polluting industries on the workers: "The companies warn [them] that, if the environmental laws are applied, they will have to close."
Nunziata also alluded to the cellulose plant conflict between Argentina and Uruguay: "If, starting today, it was decided to demand from the industries of the Reconquista River the same things we want Uruguay to demand from the Fray Bentos cellulose plants, out of the 12,000 companies installed, at least 10,000 would have to close down."

## Destroyed historic bridge

The 1773 Márquez Bridge [es] over the Reconquista River was declared a National Historic Monument of Argentina, but in 1997, the Autopistas del Oeste [es] demolished it.
# Du Jiang

Du Jiang, may refer to: