OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Harold Paulsen

Harold W. "Babe" Paulsen (March 3, 1919, in Virginia, Minnesota – May 11, 2010, in Mankato, Minnesota) was a former collegiate ice hockey player and head coach.
Paulsen played hockey at the University of Minnesota from 1938 to 1941 and was an All-American in 1940 at left wing alongside teammate John Mariucci. He was team captain as a senior in 1940-1941, finishing his career as Gopher hockey's all-time leading scorer, a record that would hold for the next 15 years. He was selected for the 1940 U.S. Olympic Hockey team, but due to World War II those games were cancelled.
With boyish looks, and a small stature, Paulsen earned the nickname "Babe" during his playing days in high school and college.
Following college, Paulsen signed a professional contract with the Chicago Black Hawks, but never made it to Chicago. He coached the Roseau High School Rams varsity hockey team before joining the Navy during World War II. Paulsen returned to Minnesota after the war and completed a master's degree in education. He coached the varsity ice hockey program at Thief River Falls High School.
Paulsen was hired as the first varsity ice hockey coach at Michigan State University on August 1, 1948. Before recruiting or coaching, Paulsen oversaw the renovation of Demonstration Hall into an indoor rink with artificial ice-making capabilities. Paulsen struggled through his first two years at Michigan State with a 6–25 record. MSU athletic director Ralph H. Young felt the hockey program's progress was inadequate and Paulsen resigned after the 1951 season.
Following his coaching career, Paulsen earned a doctorate in physical education from the University of Michigan. He continued teaching health education courses at Michigan State. In 1956 he left Michigan State to become athletic director at Slippery Rock State Teachers College in Pennsylvania, now Slippery Rock University. Paulsen moved on to teach physical education at Mankato State College, now Minnesota State University, Mankato, until his retirement in 1988.
In 2001, Paulsen was among 50 former Gopher hockey players honored by the University of Minnesota as "Legends on Ice."
Paulsen's last name is commonly misspelled Paulson in many hockey publications.

## Head coaching record

Statistics overview :
| Season | Team | Overall |
| Michigan State Spartans Independent (1949–1951) ||||||
| 1949-50 | Michigan State | 0-14-0 |
| 1950-51 | Michigan State | 6-11-0 |
| Total: | Total: | 6-25-0 |
| National champion   Postseason invitational champion   Conference regular season champion   Conference regular season and conference tournament champion  Division regular season champion  Division regular season and conference tournament champion  Conference tournament champion ||||||
# Donald Whatley Roy

Donald Whatley Roy FRCS FRCOG (22 May 1881 – 9 December 1960) was a British obstetrician and gynaecologist at St George's Hospital, London.

## Early life and education

He was born at Appleton Roebuck on 22 May 1881, the son of the Rev. James Roy.
He attended Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge. He won a university scholarship to St. George's Hospital, qualifying in medicine in 1906 and graduating (M.B., B.Ch.) in 1907. He became a Fellow of the Royal College of Surgeons of England on 8 June 1908.

## Military career

When World War I broke out, he served as a Navy surgeon in the Grand Fleet with the Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve. He then transferred to the Royal Army Medical Corps, serving as temporary major at the Northampton War Hospital from 1917 to 1918.

## Medical career

He returned to London and was appointed to the consulting staff of St George's Hospital, where he worked for the rest of his professional life.
He also served as physician to the General Lying-in Hospital and Samaritan Hospital for Women.
He was a member of the Board of Advanced Studies and senior examiner in obstetrics and gynecology at University of London. He served as examiner for Cambridge University, Worshipful Society of Apothecaries and the English Conjoint Board. He also served as secretary and vice-president of the Section of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of the Royal Society of Medicine.
He was made a foundation fellow of the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists in 1929 He also was librarian of the College from 1 October 1937 to 25 January 1941, when he stepped down due to ill health.
He died on 9 December 1960, and was survived by his wife and three children, one of whom was the economist A.D. Roy.
His papers are held at the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists Archives.
# Thane Gustafson

Thane Gustafson (born 1944) is a professor of political science at Georgetown University, Washington, D.C., United States. He specializes in comparative politics and the political history of Russia and the former USSR.
Gustafson holds degrees in both political science and chemistry from the University of Illinois, and a doctorate from Harvard University. He is a former professor at Harvard, and a former analyst for RAND Corporation. He is Senior Director of Russian and Caspian Energy for IHS Cambridge Energy Research Associates (IHS CERA).
Gustafson is the author of Capitalism Russian Style, Crisis amid Plenty: The Politics of Soviet Energy under Brezhnev and Gorbachev (which was awarded the Marshall Shulman Book Prize as the best book on Soviet affairs), coauthor (with Daniel Yergin) of Russia 2010 and What It Means for the World, and Wheel of Fortune: The Battle for Oil and Power in Russia. He served as a Peace Corps volunteer in Côte d'Ivoire from 1966 to 1968 with his wife Ruth Gustafson.

## Works

* Capitalism Russian-style Cambridge, England; New York : Cambridge University Press, 1999. OCLC 60352157
* Wheel of fortune : the battle for oil and power in Russia, Cambridge, Massachusetts; London, England : The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2012. ISBN 9780674975378
* Crisis amid plenty., Princeton University Press, 2016. ISBN 9780691636696
* The Bridge Harvard University Press, 2020. ISBN 9780674987951
* Klimat: Russia in the Age of Climate Change. Harvard University Press, 2021.
# Sonchus congestus

Sonchus congestus is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae. It is endemic to the Canary Islands (Gran Canaria and Tenerife).

## Description

Sonchus congestus is a shrub up to 1 m (3.3 ft) tall. The leaves form a rosette at the ends of the stems. The leaves are relatively smooth (subglabrous), and have triangular to rounded lobes along their length. The flower heads are large, up to 4–5 cm (1.6–2.0 in) across.
* Leaf rosette
* Inflorescences

## Distribution

Sonchus congestus is endemic to the Canary Islands. In Tenerife, it is found in forested areas in Sierra Anaga and along the north coast at elevations of 100–800 m (330–2,620 ft). It is also found in the central and northern regions of Gran Canaria.
# Vieraea

Vieraea is a genus of Canary Island plants in the tribe Inuleae within the family Asteraceae.

## Species

The only known species is Vieraea laevigata, native to Tenerife Island.
# Echium simplex

Echium simplex, commonly known as tower of jewels, is a herbaceous biennial plant which grows up to 3m in height.

## Habitat

It is a frost intolerant species requiring sustained periods of sunlight to thrive. It is endemic in the island of Tenerife mainly in Macizo de Anaga.

## Description

The plant is biennial producing a dense rosette in the first year and producing the distinctive inflorescence to a height of 1–3 metres (3 ft 3 in – 9 ft 10 in) during the second year. The flowers are white and the plant is in bloom from February to April in Tenerife. E. simplex is widely available as a garden flower in warm temperate areas. It is very attractive to bees and produces a distinctively flavoured honey.
# Aleksandr Lebedev (biochemist)

Alexander Nikolayevich Lebedev (1869–1937) was a biochemist in the Russian Empire and the Soviet Union. He is known for his early experiments on the biochemical basis of behavior. Lebedev apprenticed as a student with physiologist and psychologist Ivan Pavlov, becoming familiar with various techniques involved used in behavioral psychology. Lebedev developed a theory that behavior in general, and specifically conditioned behavior, had a biochemical rather than psychological basis. He began his studies in biochemistry in Moscow State University, obtaining a doctorate in 1898. He then proceeded to publish widely on the topic of "biochemistry of the mind" and is considered by some to have pioneered the field of neuropharmacology.

## Sources

* Cooper, D. M. Russian Science Reader, Oxford, Pergamon Press; NY, Macmillan (1964).
* This article about a biochemist is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Daily Freeman

The Daily Freeman, published in Kingston, New York, serves as the primary morning newspaper for Ulster County, as well as Greene County, Columbia County and Dutchess County. Established in 1871 under the moniker "Rondout Daily Freeman," the publication initially resided in Downtown Kingston within the Rondout–West Strand Historic District. However, in November 1974, it shifted its headquarters to the enduring locale of Hurley Avenue in Uptown Kingston.
Notably, in 2021, under the stewardship of new owners, the MediaNews Group, the newspaper's administrative offices transitioned to 115 Green Street
Operating as a unionized entity, The Freeman employees are represented by the Kingston Newspaper Guild. Presently, the newspaper falls under the ownership of 21st-Century Media, a subsidiary of MediaNews Group (formerly known as Digital First Media). Noteworthy is the ownership chain's association with Alden Global Capital, a prominent hedge fund known for its strategic acquisitions within the newspaper industry. Alden Global Capital's approach often involves rigorous cost-cutting measures, significant layoffs, and strategic real estate sales following the acquisition of target newspapers .
# B4088 road

The B4088 road is a road that runs from the crossroads with the A422 and A441 west of Alcester, Warwickshire to the A44 north of Evesham, Worcestershire, England. The road, (from south to north) starts at Twyford, Worcestershire and runs through the villages of Norton and Harvington, before passing into Warwickshire, Iron Cross and then Dunnington. It then turns left at the crossroads, passes through Weethley, passes back into Worcestershire and then becomes the A441 where it terminates just south of Cookhill. The road was previously the A435 between Twyford and Dunnington, where it turned left and became the A441. The road is not to be confused with the previous B4088 near Charlecote. Since it was built in 1995 the A46 dual carriageway between Evesham and Alcester now largely supersedes this road.

## Speed limits

There is a brief dual carriageway (176 yards) with a 70 mph speed limit just after the roundabout with the A44. The speed limit of the road then changes to 60 mph for 0.8 miles, and is single carriageway for the rest of the road. The speed limit changes to 40 mph upon entering Norton, further up the village changes to 30 mph, before changing to 50 mph for the next 0.8 miles. The next village, Harvington, has a 40 mph speed limit for 0.3 miles, before changing to 50 mph for the rest of the road.
# Winterbrook

Winterbrook is a small settlement in the English county of Oxfordshire, which adjoins the south end of Wallingford and sits on the west bank of the Thames. It is separated from Wallingford by Bradford's Brook. In 1974 it was transferred from Berkshire. Although having been part of the adjacent parish of Cholsey for centuries, its proximity to Wallingford resulted in its being absorbed into that town for administrative purposes in 2015. This change was effected despite the strenuous and long-term objections of the residents. It is now part of the Wallingford ward of South Oxfordshire District Council. It remains in the Church of England parish of St Mary the Virgin, North Stoke.
Winterbrook appears in records from the time of King Henry III. It is connected to the east bank by Winterbrook Bridge. The common lands in Winterbrook were enclosed in 1851. Winterbrook House is a Grade II listed 17th-century house. Its most famous resident was the novelist, Agatha Christie, who lived at Winterbrook House and died there in 1976. Winterbrook Lodge and Winterbrook Close are both Grade II listed early 19th-century houses. Other major buildings include the Waterside Court Care Home and the Winterbrook Nursing Home. As of 2009, Winterbrook residents were campaigning against its possible selection as the preferred option for 850 new houses as part of the South Oxfordshire Core Strategy as well as a preemptive planning application by Wates Homes Ltd (part of Wates Group) for 106 dwellings. Planning permission was refused.
# Henri Simon (Marxist)

Henri Simon (25 November 1922 – 16 December 2024) was a French Marxist militant and advocate of council communism.
Born in Rozay-en-Brie, he participated in Socialisme ou Barbarie and Informations et correspondances ouvrières [fr] (ICO), and from 1975 was involved in French: Échanges et mouvement.
Simon turned 100 on 25 November 2022, and died on 16 December 2024 in Visan, at the age of 102.

## Texts

* Une expérience d’organisation ouvrière. Le Conseil ouvrier|Conseil du personnel des Assurances Générales-Vie, 1957 (réédition 2002).
* Le 25 juin 1976 en Pologne : travailleurs contre capital, Spartacus, 1977.
* (with Cajo Brendel), De l'anti-franquisme à l'après-franquisme. Illusions politiques et lutte de classe, Spartacus, 1979, 172 p.
* Pologne 1980-82, lutte de classes et crise du capital, Spartacus, 1982.
* To the bitter end: Grève des mineurs en Grande-Bretagne (mars 1984-mars 1985), Acratie, 1987.
# Lancashire Fire and Rescue Service

The Lancashire Fire and Rescue Service is the county-wide, statutory emergency fire and rescue service for the Shire county of Lancashire, England and also includes the unitary authorities of Blackpool and Blackburn with Darwen.
Lancashire Fire & Rescue Service is made up of six Area Commands as follows: Northern, Southern, Eastern, Western, Central and Pennine. Within these areas there are 18 wholetime, 17 retained stations and four day crewed stations providing Lancashire with 24-hour fire cover.

## Performance

Every fire and rescue service in England and Wales is periodically subjected to a statutory inspection by His Majesty's Inspectorate of Constabulary and Fire & Rescue Services (HMICFRS). The inspections investigate how well the service performs in each of three areas. On a scale of outstanding, good, requires improvement and inadequate, Lancashire Fire and Rescue Service was rated as follows:
HMICFRS Inspection Lancashire :
| Area | Rating 2018/19 | Rating 2021/22 | Description |
| Effectiveness | Good | Good | How effective is the fire and rescue service at keeping people safe and secure from fire and other risks? |
| Efficiency | Good | Good | How efficient is the fire and rescue service at keeping people safe and secure from fire and other risks? |
| People | Good | Good | How well does the fire and rescue service look after its people? |
# Susan Davies

Susan Margaret Davies (born 1954) is an Australian former politician.
She was born in Mirboo North, Victoria, to parents Richard Llewellyn (dec) and Jean Margaret Davies (dec). She attended Leongatha High School (1966–70) and Watsonia High School in 1971, where she completed her Higher School Certificate. She received a Bachelor of Arts and a Diploma of Education in 1976 from La Trobe University. She subsequently became a secondary school teacher, and began farming in addition to this in 1989.
Davies joined the Labor Party in 1993, as part of the rural protest against Kennett government funding and service cuts, and was the Labor candidate for Gippsland West in the 1996 Victorian state election. Sitting Liberal MP Alan Brown resigned less than a year after the state election, precipitating a by-election. Labor declined to stand a candidate for this very safe Liberal seat; most of the area covered by Gippsland West had been in the hands of a conservative party for more than a century and a half. Davies resigned from the Labor Party and contested the by-election as an independent. The Liberal primary vote plunged by over 16 percent, allowing Davies to emerge victorious by 159 votes.
She retained her seat in the 1999 state election, and held the balance of power with two other rural Independents when a significant, mostly rural, and very anti-Coalition swing led to a hung parliament. Davies played a key role in developing the "Independents' Charter", which the three independents used as a basis for backing a minority government under Steve Bracks and the Labor Party. She served on the Public Accounts and Estimates committee during the following parliamentary term. Prior to the 2002 election, Gippsland West was essentially replaced by the newly created seat of Bass, which was notionally Liberal in a traditional matchup. Davies contested Bass, but was pushed into third place on the primary vote behind former Liberal MLC Ken Smith.
She later rejoined the Labor Party and contested the 2004 federal election as the Labor candidate for the federal seat of La Trobe. She was defeated by the Liberal candidate, Jason Wood.
Davies now runs a small farm in South Gippsland, is part of a local food producers' network, ”Grow Lightly” and Korumburra Landcare. She graduated from the AICD company director’s course in 2003, and was a founding director on several organisations, including Bass Coast Community Foundation, Chairing Energy Innovation Co-operative Ltd and currently Country University Centre Bass Coast, as well as serving on other boards.
# United Nations Plaza (Bucharest)

UN Plaza is a residential building located on Piața Națiunile Unite in Bucharest. It has 18 floors and a surface of 20,000 m$^2$.
# Alfredo da Costa

Alfredo da Costa may refer to:
* Alfredo Bruto da Costa (1938–2016), Portuguese politician
* Alfredo Luís da Costa (1883–1908), Portuguese man who was one of the perpetrators of the Lisbon Regicide in 1908
* Alfredo Nobre da Costa (1923–1996), prime minister of Portugal in 1978
* Maternidade Alfredo da Costa, a maternity hospital in Lisbon, Portugal
# Great Central Main Line (diagram)

This is a diagrammatic map of the Great Central Main Line, part of the former Great Central Railway network. The map shows the line as it currently is (please refer to legend), and includes all stations (open or closed). Some nearby lines and branch lines are also shown, though most stations are omitted on such lines if they are closed. In addition, the Great Western and Great Central Joint Railway is also shown. The Great Central Main Line is always shown in the middle of the diagram.
Great Central Main Line :
Legend :
This is a route-map template for the Great Central Main Line, a former UK railway line .
* For a key to symbols, see {{railway line legend}}.
* For information on using this template, see Template:Routemap.
* For pictograms used, see Commons:BSicon/Catalogue.
Note: Per consensus and convention, most route-map templates are used in a single article in order to separate their complex and fragile syntax from normal article wikitext. See these discussions for more information.
# K. L. Balmiki

Kanhaiya Lal Balmiki (14 March 1919 — 2 September 1985) was an Indian politician. He along with Raghubar Dayal Misra were the 1st Lok Sabha MP from the Bulandshahr constituency of Uttar Pradesh as a member of the Indian National Congress. K.L. Balmiki also remained as MP in the 3rd Lok Sabha representing Khurja from 1962 to 1967.
Balmiki was born 14 March 1919 in the village of Khanai (Baluchistan). He was educated in Government Intermediate College, Allahabad and Meerut College. Married to Ramavati Devi on June 15, 1941, they have two sons and two daughters.
Balmiki actively participated in the Quit India Movement. As a student, he participated several times in Hartal and Satyagraha. He was imprisoned as a political detainee during 1943—1945.
# Clarendon High School for Girls

Clarendon High School for Girls is a semi-private English medium high school for girls situated in the suburb of Selborne of East London in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa. It was founded in 1903 as East London Girls' High School; the brother school is Selborne College. It is one of the oldest schools for girls in South Africa.

## History

In 1872, Panmure Public School, a co-educational school, was founded by the German immigrant, Heinrich Muller. The boys' section became Selborne College in 1907, whereas the girls' section moved to Park Avenue in 1886 before becoming a separate school for girls from grades 1 to 10 in 1903. It was originally between Muir Street and Oxford Street, on the site currently occupied by Grens Primary but having then just been vacated by an Uitlander Refugee camp. In 1905, a new uniform was introduced, consisting of a navy gym with green and white colours on the blazers and hats. A school hostel was also established that year. In 1937, the upper grades were moved to new premises on the corner of Connaught Avenue and Oxford Street, and the lower grades remained as a separate school. The name "Clarendon" was given to both schools in 1957, after the former Governor-General of South Africa and his wife, the Lord and Lady Clarendon. In 1959, a "Clarendon green" uniform was introduced. In 1964 the school hostel, Connaught House, was destroyed by fire. The new hostel was opened in 1967. The school adopted a non-racial admissions policy in 1991.

## Houses

Miss Donald, headmistress from 1925 to 1945, introduced the prefect system in 1933 and in 1934 appointed the first headgirl, Betty Chew, who was later a teacher at the school and coached the first hockey team until the 1980s. She also created the houses, and named them after Marjorie Ketchen (headmistress from 1912 to 1925), Miss Gittins who became Mrs Booty, and Mrs Hunter, a teacher. These ladies donated the inter-house shield which is still competed for.

## Sport

Sports played at the school are:
* Athletics
* Chess
* Cross country
* Cycling
* Equestrian
* Hockey
* Netball
* Rowing
* Soccer
* Squash
* Swimming
* Table tennis
* Tennis
* Water polo

## Notable alumnae

* Joan Harrison (Class of 1953), retired South African swimmer who won the 100 m backstroke event at the 1952 Olympics
* Marcelle Keet, waterpolo, hockey
* Candice Forword, hockey
* Lana Marks, fashion designer and American ambassador to South Africa
* Soso Rungqu (Class of 2001), South African actress & singer.
* Bianca Wood (Class of 2018), South African field hockey player