OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Alice Bridges

Alice W. Bridges (July 19, 1916 – May 5, 2011), also known by her married name Alice Roche, was an American competition swimmer, who at age 20, represented the United States at the 1936 Summer Olympics in Berlin, Germany.

## Biography

Bridges grew up in Uxbridge, Massachusetts. She and her twin sister learned to swim in a pond in Uxbridge; Alice then later trained at the Olympic pool in nearby Whitinsville, Massachusetts.
At the age of twenty, she was chosen to represent the United States at the 1936 Summer Olympics in Berlin, Germany. When the sudden chance arose for her to participate, residents of her hometown raised funds to pay for her travel to Berlin, which she otherwise could not have afforded.
Immediately following her Olympic meet, it appeared that Bridges, who originally was a back-up contestant, had actually won her event. Several hours later, however, the judges reversed their decision, and awarded the gold and silver medals to two women from the Netherlands, leaving the bronze for Bridges.

## Alice Bridges Bridge

In 2008, the State of Massachusetts, and local officials named the downtown Mumford River bridge in Uxbridge, in Bridges' honor, in her 92nd year. Until her death, she resided in Carlisle, Pennsylvania.
# Singkil Barat Nature Reserve

The Singkil Barat Nature Reserve is a 650-square-kilometre (250 sq mi) nature reserve found on the island of Sumatra, Indonesia. Located in the province of Aceh, the preserve contains the largest peat swamp within the leuser ecosystem and is hailed as the orangutan capital of the world. The Singkil is one of three peat swamps in Aceh province, the others being the smaller Kluet and much degraded Tripa. The Kluet swamp is world famous for its tool using orangutans and has been featured in documentaries. Nowhere else in the world do orangutans gather naturally in large groups or use tools.
In this park you can meet a Sumatran tiger.

## Deforestation and Conservation

During 2024 the Rainforest Action Network investigated land clearing in the Singkil reserve and found that supplies chains for major companies were sourcing palm oil from mills responsible for land clearing in the reserve. In 2022, 2023, and 2024 sustained clearing of forest occurred in the northern part of the reserve with canals being dug to make access into the forest easier. The Sumatran Orangutan Society has restored several hundred hectares of forest by rewetting the peat and blocking the canals. Orangutans have returned to the areas they've worked on.
# Dipali Das

Dipali Das is an Indian politician from Biju Janata Dal and daughter of Naba Kishore Das who was a Member of Odisha Legislative Assembly from Jharsuguda Assembly constituency and was killed on 29 January 2023. She won the bypoll defeating Tankadhar Tripathy of BJP by over 48,000 votes.

## Early life

She born in a well known Karan family. Das made her political debut after her father's death. She is a commerce graduate from K.C. College, Mumbai and in 2020, she completed her MBA from EU Business School in Barcelona, Spain.
# Hot Springs Railroad Roundhouse

The Hot Springs Railroad Roundhouse is located at 132 Front Street in Malvern, Arkansas. Built in 1887, it is the last known surviving substantially intact roundhouse in the state. It has brick walls and a granite foundation, and houses five stalls. It was built by the Hot Springs Railroad as a service facility for its locomotives, and was used in that capacity until 1904. It has been repurposed for use as a warehouse and manufacturing facility.
The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2003.
# Asia Network for Sustainable Agriculture and Bioresources

The Asia Network for Sustainable Agriculture and Bioresources (ANSAB) is a non-governmental organization, headquartered in Kathmandu, Nepal. It was established in 1992. ANSAB is committed to enterprise oriented solutions to biodiversity conservation and sustainable community development.

## Vision

ANSAB has a vision of rural South Asia built on rich biodiversity and prosperous communities. This vision includes rich, healthy and productive ecosystems actively managed and sustainably used by formerly poor local communities. It also features adaptive people and resilient ecosystems able to cope with global climate change.

## Mission

Generate and implement community-based, enterprise-oriented solutions that conserve biodiversity and improve the livelihoods of the poorest of the poor while bolstering national economic development and addressing climate change.

## History

ANSAB was established in 1992 by Appropriate Technology International, now called EnterpriseWorks/VITA, (a NGO based in Washington DC, United States) and the Ministry of Agriculture of Nepal with the goal, at the time, of raising the living standards of small holder farmers in South Asia. Initial financial support helped create small-scale technology development and extension programs in order to generate knowledge and build capacity in agriculture and forestry.
The preliminary projects focused on tissue culture, bio-fertilizer, research and capacity building in Nepal, Sri Lanka, India, Philippines and Indonesia. ANSAB realized that conservation and bioresources had great potential to address the livelihood needs of small farmers and, therefore, expanded its focus to include micro, small and medium size enterprise development and natural resources management.
# Rings (2005 film)

Rings is a 2005 American supernatural horror short film directed by Jonathan Liebesman, who co-wrote with Ehren Kruger. It serves as a sequel to The Ring (2002) and a prelude to the opening sequence of The Ring Two (2005), both written by Kruger. The film was initially released on March 8, 2005, as an extra disc with a re-release of the first film on DVD.

## Plot

Some time after the events of The Ring, Samara Morgan's videotape has spread, as each person who sees the video makes a copy and shows it to someone else. A subculture has grown surrounding the video: people wait to see how close to the seven-day deadline they can get. When they grow too afraid to go on any longer, they show the tape to the next assigned person. Groups that have watched the video are called "rings".
The film is focused on Jake Pierce, the latest member of one such ring. The ring has recruited its next member, Tim, who will watch the tape when Jake cracks. Jake is amazed at what he experiences but it soon turns sinister, as he starts seeing visions of Samara, and has a similar dream that Rachel Keller had of Samara grabbing his arm and leaving a bruise. He cracks on the sixth day, but Tim refuses to watch the tape. It is revealed that another member, Vanessa, made Tim refuse, as she wants to see what happens on day seven.
By the next day, Jake has become so desperate he tries to play the video on the display models at an electronics store, but is caught and thrown out. Jake thinks of Emily, a girl he goes to school with. He invites her over. He experiences a vision in which Samara arrives; she reaches through the screen on his video camera and the vision ends.
An hour before the deadline, Emily agrees to come, leading to the opening sequence of The Ring Two; Vanessa is seen encouraging Emily when she is making her decision to go to Jake's house.

## Cast

* Ryan Merriman as Jake Pierce
* Emily VanCamp as Emily
* Kelly Stables as Samara Morgan
* Alexandra Breckenridge as Vanessa
* Josh Wise as Timothy "Tim" Rivers
* Justin Allen as Eddie
* Andrew D'Amico as Store Employee

## Release

Rings was released in the United States on March 8, 2005, by DreamWorks Home Entertainment. It initially appeared in a DVD re-release of The Ring as one of the two discs.

## Reception

The short film garnered positive reviews from both critics and audiences who purchased the special edition of the first film; released shortly before The Ring Two. Felix Vasquex Jr. of Cinema Crazed said, "...a very sleek and morbid short film, and one infinitely more enjoyable and tense than the sequel could be".
# Dunstanoides kochi

Dunstanoides kochi is a species of Desidae that is endemic to New Zealand.

## Taxonomy

This species was described by Ray Forster and Cecil Wilton in 1973 from a female specimen. The holotype is stored at Otago Museum.

## Description

The female is recorded at 2.70mm in length. The carapace is coloured pale. The legs are pale and have bands. The abdomen is dark and has a faint chevron pattern dorsally.

## Distribution

This species is only known from Otago, New Zealand.

## Conservation status

Under the New Zealand Threat Classification System, this species is listed as "Data Deficient" with the qualifiers of "Data Poor: Size", "Data Poor: Trend" and "One Location".
# Arnold Lyongrün

Ernst Arnold Lyongrün (1871–1935) was a German practitioner of the Jugendstil or Art Nouveau style of decorative arts and a painter in the Impressionistic mode.

## Early life

Lyongrün was born Oct. 2, 1871, in Domnau, Province of Prussia (now Domnovo, Russia). He grew up during the Gründerzeit boom of Imperial Germany, studying in Königsberg (now Kaliningrad, Russia) and at the Staatliche Akademie für Kunst und Kunstgewerbe Breslau (now Wrocław, Poland). Thereafter he studied at the Académie Julian in Paris under French artists Jules Joseph Lefebvre and Tony Robert-Fleury, and undertook student journeys around France, Austria and Italy.
Beginning in 1898, Lyongrün lived and worked in the Hamburg area, and in 1907 he became a teacher at the State Academy of Art in Hamburg. During the First World War he was drafted into the Germany Army. Lyongrün survived the war and in 1919 became an independent painter. He became a member of the Hamburg Artists Society (founded 1920) and subsequently a member of the German National Association of Visual Artists (Reichsverband Bildender Künstler Deutschlands). A few years later he was a member of the artists colony at Ahrenshoop on the Darss Peninsula at the Baltic Sea, in Hither Pomerania.

## Career

During his sojourn in France, the young Lyongrün was inspired by the Art Nouveau movement exemplified by the Nancy School. He published a number of patterns for decorative arts and crafts, among them Decorative Motifs from the Natural World (1899) and New Ideas for Decorative Art (1901). These works are held by the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York.
In art history, Lyongrün is regarded primarily as a landscape painter and a marine artist. His paintings include scenes from the Black Forest, the Lüneburg Heath, the low-lying environs of Hamburg and the shores of the Baltic Sea. He also painted a few portraits. Early exhibitions of Lyongrün's works were staged in Hamburg in 1911 and 1919.

## Gallery

* Spring on the Lühe (1904)
* The Blooming Heath (1910)
* Feldberg, Black Forest (1910)
* The Source (1911)
* Mill on the Titisee (1912)
* Oaks on the Kellersee (1919)
* Evening on the Baltic (1921)
* Heath Landscape near Wilsede
* Baltic Sea Surf (1925)
* Track, Lüneburg Heath
* Spring, Black Forest (1912)
# Purple Ribbon All-Stars

Purple Ribbon All-Stars was an American Southern hip-hop supergroup under the Purple Ribbon Records (distributed through Virgin Records) label. The group consisted of Big Boi, Killer Mike, Janelle Monáe, Sleepy Brown, Scar, Konkrete, BlackOwned C-Bone, Rock D, and Vonnegutt.

## Discography
### Albums

* Got That Purp (2004)
* Got Purp? Vol. 2 (2005)

### Singles

List of singles, with selected chart positions, showing year released and album name :
| Title | Year | Peak chart positions | Peak chart positions | Peak chart positions | Album |
| Title | Year | US | US R&B | US Rap | Album |
| "Kryptonite (I'm on It)" | 2005 | 35 | 8 | 4 | Got Purp?, Vol. 2 |
| "Body Rock" | 2006 | — | 55 | — | Got Purp?, Vol. 2 |
| "—" denotes a recording that did not chart or was not released in that territory. ||||||
# Tüpraş İzmit Oil Refinery

Tüpraş İzmit Oil Refinery (Turkish: Tüpraş İzmit Rafinerisi) is an oil refinery in İzmit, western Turkey. It is owned and operated by Tüpraş. Amongst others it refines Urals crude. Its capacity is slightly less than that of Tüpraş İzmir. It produces diesel fuel. Climate Trace estimates that in 2023 it emitted almost 3 million tonnes of greenhouse gas.
# Wilkinson plc

Wilkinson plc are a firm of chandelier manufacturers and repairers based in Kent.

## History

The firm started as F. Wilkinson & Company in Stourbridge, where from 1922 to 1927 Frank Wilkinson (1897-1927) was the first to commercialise the acid method of glass polishing to replace polishing of cut-glass by hand. In addition, his brother Reginald Wilkinson (died 1986), developed the carborundum wheel method of cutting to replace the steel and sand method after he bought discarded worn carborundum wheels from a local bevelling firm. The new method reduced breakages and made more sophisticated shapes such as scalloped tops commercially viable.
The firm enjoys a royal warrant from Queen Elizabeth II.
# Glide path

In aviation, instrument landing system glide path, commonly referred to as a glide path (G/P) or glide slope (G/S), is "a system of vertical guidance embodied in the instrument landing system which indicates the vertical deviation of the aircraft from its optimum path of descent".

## Principle of operation

A glide slope station uses a phased antenna array sited on a tower which is offset approximately 250 to 650' to one side of the runway centerline and approximately 750 to 1250' beyond the approach end of the runway, adjacent to the runway touchdown zone. The GS transmits in the 328 to 336 MHz ultra high frequency (UHF) portion of the electromagnetic spectrum. Similar to the localizer, the GS signal is amplitude modulated with 90 and 150 Hz audio tones and transmitted on a carrier signal. The centre of the glide slope signal is arranged to define a glide path of approximately 3° above horizontal (ground level).

## Carrier frequency pairings

Localizer (LOC) and glide slope (G/S) carrier frequencies are paired so that the navigation radio automatically tunes the G/S frequency which corresponds to the selected LOC frequency. The LOC signal is in the 110 MHz range while the G/S signal is in the 330 MHz range.
LOC carrier frequencies range between 108.10 and 111.95 MHz (with the 100 kHz first decimal digit always odd, so 108.10, 108.15, 108.30, etc., are LOC frequencies and are not used for any other purpose).
Two signals are transmitted on one of 40 ILS channels. One is amplitude modulated at 90 Hz, the other at 150 Hz. These are transmitted from a phased array of co-located antennas.
# Peach (disambiguation)

Peach is a tree, and the fruit produced by that tree.
Peach may also refer to:

## People

* Peach PRC, an Australian pop singer
* Peach (singer), an American blues and jazz artist
* Peach (surname), including a list of people with the surname

## Arts, entertainment, and media
### Music
#### Groups

* Peach (band), a British metal band 1991–1994
* Peach (pop band), a British band 1995–1998

#### Songs

* "Peach" (IU song), a song by South Korean singer-songwriter and actress IU
* "Peach" (Prince song), by Prince, 1993
* "Peach", a song on "Peach/Heart", a 2007 double A-sided single by Ai Otsuka
* *"Peach!!", the A-side single on "Peach!!/Heart of Xmas", a single from Masaharu Fukuyama

### Other uses in arts, entertainment, and media

* Princess Peach, a character in Nintendo's Mario franchise
* 10 Peach, an Australian television channel
* Peach, a starfish in the Finding Nemo franchise
* Big Buck Bunny (code named "Project Peach"), an open content short film by the Blender Foundation
* Peach Landis, a recurring character in the U.S. TV series 2 Broke Girls

## Other uses

* Peach (color), the pale pinkish-orange color of the fruit of the Peach tree
* Peach (social network), a social network
* Peach Aviation, a low-cost airline based in Japan
* Peach County, Georgia, a county in the United States
* Pan-European Automated Clearing House, or PEACH
# Koch coinage

Koch coinage or Coins of Koch dynasty, originally called Narayani Mudra, were issued from 1555 to 1866 under the Koch Kingdom. It was first introduced by the Koch king Nara Narayan (r. 1544–1587) in the year of his accession in 1555 A.D or Saka 1477. Both gold and silver coins were impressed. These Narayani coins prevailed over other neighboring kingdoms of Northeast India and North Bengal during this period. Narayani coins were also the medium of trade in some northeastern kingdoms and tribal chiefdoms with Northeast Asia. From 1866, onwards the circulation of Narayani coins was ceased by the British government. However on a few instances after 1866, commemorative coins were impressed for the Raja of Cooch Behar on the day of his ascendancy.
The term "Narayani coins" is derived from the name Nara Narayan (1554–1587) the last ruler of the undivided Koch dynasty but according to other sources, the term might be derived from Narayan, the royal deity of the Koch kings. Raghudeva, the son of Chilarai who assumed his full independence over the area between the Sankosh river and the Bhareli river that came to known as Koch Hajo struck his own coins. However, this independence was short lived but the area west of the Sankosh River known as Koch Behar remained in existence until 1949 and continued issuing coins till very late.
# Otis

Otis may refer to:

## Arts and entertainment
### Film and television

* Otis (film), a direct-to-DVD 2008 American comedy horror film
* "Otis" (The Jeffersons), a television episode
* "Otis" (Prison Break), a television episode

### Music

* Otis (Brian McFadden album), 2019
* Otis (Mojo Nixon album), 1990
* "Otis" (song), by Jay-Z and Kanye West, 2011
* "Otis", a song by Magma from Merci, 1985
* "Otis", a song by Medeski Martin & Wood from Notes from the Underground, 1992
* "Otis", a song by The Durutti Column from 24 Hour Party People (soundtrack), 2002
* "Otis", a song by John Medeski from A Different Time, 2013

## People and fictional characters

* Otis (given name), a list of people and fictional characters
* Otis (surname), a list of people
* Otis (wrestler), a ring name of American professional wrestler Nikola Bogojević (born 1991)
* Otis family, an American political family
* Otis, American rapper in the duo Axe Murder Boyz

## Places
### United States

* Otis, Colorado, a Statutory Town
* Otis, Indiana, an unincorporated community
* Otis, Iowa, a neighborhood of Cedar Rapids
* Otis, Kansas, a city
* Otis, Louisiana, an unincorporated community
* Otis, Maine, a town
* Otis, Massachusetts, a town
* Otis, Oregon, an unincorporated community
* Otis, Wisconsin, an unincorporated community
* Otis Peak, a mountain in Colorado
* Otis Air National Guard Base, Cape Cod, Massachusetts

### Antarctica

* Mount Otis, Marie Byrd Land

## Other uses

* Otis Worldwide, American manufacturer of elevators, escalators, and related systems
* Otis College of Art and Design, in Los Angeles, California, US
* Otis Hotel, a historic building in Spokane, Washington, US
* Otis (bird), a genus of bustard
* List of storms named Otis, various tropical cyclones baring the name
# Walter de Beauchamp (justice)

Walter II de Beauchamp (1192/3 – 1236), of Elmley Castle in Worcestershire (12 miles south-east of the City of Worcester), was hereditary Sheriff of Worcestershire.

## Origins

He was the second son and eventual heir of William II de Beauchamp (d.1197) of Elmley, hereditary constable of Worcester Castle and hereditary Sheriff of Worcestershire, who died when Walter was aged about 5, when his wardship and marriage was acquired firstly by William de Braose, and secondly, for the sum of 3,000 marks, by Roger Mortimer (d. 1214) of Wigmore Castle.

### Early origins

He was the great-grandson of Walter I de Beauchamp (d.1133) of Elmley Castle, hereditary Sheriff of Worcestershire, who married Emmeline d'Abetot, daughter and heiress of Urse d'Abetot (c.1040-1108), feudal baron of Salwarpe in Worcestershire and Sheriff of Worcestershire in about 1069. Walter I de Beauchamp inherited his father-in-law's barony and also inherited Elmley Castle and other estates (held from the Bishop of Worcester) from his wife's uncle Robert d'Abetot.

## Career

Walter's elder brother William died before Michaelmas 1211, leaving Walter as his heir, then aged 19. In 1212, still not having reached the age of majority (i.e. 21), he was married to Johanna Mortimer (d.1225), his warder's daughter. He was in possession of his barony by 1214. He obtained his father's hereditary office of Sheriff of Worcestershire on 19 August 1215, but lost it in May 1216 when, with nineteen of his knights, he deserted to the rebels. He returned to his allegiance to King John in August 1216, and was reinstated in his lands. Walter was a witness at the re-issue of Magna Carta on 11 November 1216 and in March 1217 he was restored by King Henry III to his shrievalty and castellanship, and became Keeper of the Royal Forests in Worcestershire. He witnessed the further re-issue of Magna Carta on 11 February 1225.
The office of Sheriff was inheritable in only three counties. The Beauchamps viewed the office as an asset, and extracted taxes to their own benefit, ensuring that little or no money due to the Crown was paid to it. He was removed from office in 1229, but reinstated within a year. No money was paid in 1224-8 and none from 1229-35, including arrears.

## Marriages and children

He married twice:
* Firstly, in 1212 at the age of 20, to Joan Mortimer (d. 1225), daughter of his warder Roger Mortimer (d. 1214) of Wigmore Castle, by whom he had issue including:
** William (III) de Beauchamp (1215–1269), eldest son and heir, who married Isabel de Mauduit, sister and heiress of William Mauduit, 8th Earl of Warwick, by whom he was the father of William de Beauchamp, 9th Earl of Warwick.
* Secondly, in 1225 or later, he married a certain Angaret (d. 1280/3), of unrecorded family.

## Death

Walter died on 11 April 1236.