# Frontier Conference

The Frontier Conference is a college athletic conference affiliated with the National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics (NAIA). The conference was founded in 1934. Member institutions are located in the U.S. state of Montana, with associate members in the states of Arizona, Idaho, and Oregon.
The Frontier Conference sponsors athletic competition in men's and women's basketball, men's and women's cross country, men's football, men's and women's indoor and outdoor track and field, and women's volleyball.

## History

The Montana Small College Conference (MSCC) was established in 1934 by the five smaller schools (Montana Technological University, the University of Montana Western, Montana State University–Northern, Intermountain Union College and Billings Polytechnic Institute) in the state. The MSCC was renamed as the Montana Collegiate Conference (MCC) in 1936, with the additions of Montana State University Billings and Carroll College joining. The merger of Intermountain Union and Billings Poly to become Rocky Mountain College occurred in 1947. After nearly three decades, the conference reestablished itself under its current moniker in November 1966, containing the same six schools until 1974. The University of Providence (then the College of Great Falls) joined that year, however would only stay for a decade. MSU Billings left for the first incarnation of the Great Northwest Athletic Conference in 1988, leaving the Frontier at five members for another decade. The conference opened up outside of Montana for the first time in 1998, with schools from Idaho (Lewis–Clark State College) and Utah (Westminster College) joining. Great Falls rejoined in 1999. Dickinson State University joined in 2012, only to leave in 2014 to join the North Star Athletic Association (NSAA). Westminster (Utah) left for the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division II ranks and rejoined the Rocky Mountain Athletic Conference (RMAC) in 2015. Lewis–Clark State left for the Cascade Collegiate Conference as a full member in 2020.

### Recent changes

On September 8, 2022, Arizona Christian University received an invitation to join the conference as an associate member for football, beginning the 2023 fall season of the 2023–24 academic year.
On December 12, 2023, the Frontier Conference had offered an invitation to former member Dickinson State University; while on May 21, 2024, Bellevue University, Dakota State University, Mayville State University and Valley City State University also received invitations to join the conference; and then on October 24, 2024, Bismarck State College, an institution coming from the junior college ranks, announced that it received an invitation to the conference, during its transition to the NAIA; all effective beginning the 2025–26 academic year.
On May 30, 2024, Simpson University accepted an invitation to join the conference as an associate member for football, beginning the 2025 fall season of the 2025–26 academic year.

### Chronological timeline

* 1934 – The Frontier Conference was founded as the Montana Small College Conference (MSCC). Charter members included the Billings Polytechnic Institute, Intermountain Union College, Montana State Normal College (now the University of Montana Western), Montana State School of Mines (now Montana Technological University) and Northern Montana College (now Montana State University–Northern), beginning the 1934–35 academic year.
* 1936 – Carroll College of Montana and Eastern Montana Normal College (now Montana State University–Billings) joined the MSCC, which was rebranded as the Montana Collegiate Conference (MCC) in the 1936–37 academic year.
* 1947 – Billings Poly and Intermountain Union merge to form Rocky Mountain College.
* 1966 – The MCC was rebranded as the Frontier Conference, beginning the 1966–67 academic year.
* 1974 – The College of Great Falls (later the University of Great Falls, now the University of Providence) joined the Frontier in the 1974–75 academic year.
* 1980 – Montana State–Billings (MSU Billings) left the Frontier to join the Division II ranks of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) as an NCAA D-II Independent (which would later join the Great Northwest Conference, beginning the 1982–83 school year) after the 1979–80 academic year.
* 1984 – Great Falls left the Frontier as the school discontinued its athletic program after the 1983–84 academic year.
* 1998 – Lewis–Clark State College and Westminster College joined the Frontier in the 1998–99 academic year.
* 1999 – Great Falls rejoined the Frontier after 15 years without an athletics program in the 1999–2000 academic year.
* 2008 – Eastern Oregon University joined the Frontier as an affiliate member for football in the 2008 fall season (2008–09 academic year).
* 2012 – Dickinson State University joined the Frontier in the 2012–13 academic year.
* 2012 – Southern Oregon University joined the Frontier as an affiliate member for football in the 2012 fall season (2012–13 academic year).
* 2014 – Dickinson State left the Frontier to join the North Star Athletic Association (NSAA) after the 2013–14 academic year.
* 2014 – The College of Idaho joined the Frontier as an affiliate member for football in the 2014 fall season (2014–15 academic year).
* 2015 – Westminster (Utah) left the Frontier to join the NCAA Division II ranks and rejoin back to the Rocky Mountain Athletic Conference (RMAC) after the 2014–15 academic year.
* 2020 – Lewis–Clark State left the Frontier to join the Cascade Collegiate Conference (CCC) after the 2019–20 academic year.
* 2023 – Arizona Christian University joined the Frontier as an affiliate member for football in the 2023 fall season (2023–24 academic year)
* 2025 – Bellevue University, Bismarck State College, Dakota State University, Mayville State University and Valley City State University will all join the Frontier (with Dickinson State rejoining at the same time), beginning the 2025–26 academic year. Everyone (except Bismarck State) would join from the NSAA, which would cease operations after spring 2025.
* 2025 – Simpson University will join the Frontier as an affiliate member for football, beginning the 2025 fall season (2025–26 academic year)

## Member schools

The Frontier Conference has 5 full members with football, 1 full member without football, and 4 football-only affiliate members. University of Providence does not field a football team. Arizona Christian, College of Idaho, Eastern Oregon and Southern Oregon are the football-only affiliates.

### Current members

The Frontier currently has six full members, half are private schools:
| Institution | Location | Founded | Affiliation | Enrollment | Nickname | Joined |
| Carroll College | Helena, Montana | 1909 | Catholic (Diocese of Helena) | 1,502 | Fighting Saints | 1935 |
| Montana State University–Northern | Havre, Montana | 1929 | Public | 1,207 | Lights & Skylights | 1935 |
| Montana Technological University | Butte, Montana | 1889 | Public | 2,694 | Orediggers | 1934 |
| University of Montana Western | Dillon, Montana | 1893 | Public | 1,336 | Bulldogs | 1934 |
| University of Providence | Great Falls, Montana | 1932 | Catholic (Ursulines) | 800 | Argonauts | 1974; 1999 |
| Rocky Mountain College | Billings, Montana | 1878 | various | 894 | Battlin' Bears | 1947 |

#### Notes

* ↑ Represents the calendar year when fall sports competition begins.
* 1 2 3 Part of the Montana University System.
* ↑ Formerly known as the University of Great Falls until 2017.
* ↑ Providence (then known as Great Falls) did not have an athletics program from 1984–85 to 1998–99.
* ↑ Rocky Mountain was formed by a merger of Intermountain Union College and Billings Polytechnic Institute since late 1935. But their athletic programs continued until the end of the 1935–36 school year.
* ↑ Rocky Mountain has various affiliations: The Mainline Protestant, the United Methodist Church, the Presbyterian Church (USA), and the United Church of Christ.

### Future members

The Frontier will have six new members, five public schools and one private school:
| Institution | Location | Founded | Affiliation | Enrollment | Nickname | Joining | Current conference |
| Bellevue University | Bellevue, Nebraska | 1966 | Nonsectarian | 8,300 | Bruins | 2025 | North Star (NSAA) |
| Bismarck State College | Bismarck, North Dakota | 1939 | Public | 3,781 | Mystics | 2025 | Mon-Dak |
| Dakota State University | Madison, South Dakota | 1881 | Public | 3,307 | Trojans | 2025 | North Star (NSAA) |
| Dickinson State University | Dickinson, North Dakota | 1918 | Public | 1,800 | Blue Hawks | 2025 | North Star (NSAA) |
| Mayville State University | Mayville, North Dakota | 1889 | Public | 1,130 | Comets | 2025 | North Star (NSAA) |
| Valley City State University | Valley City, North Dakota | 1890 | Public | 1,623 | Vikings | 2025 | North Star (NSAA) |

#### Notes

* ↑ Represents the calendar year when fall sports competition begins.
* 1 2 3 4 Part of the North Dakota University System.
* ↑ Currently an NJCAA athletic conference.

### Affiliate members

The Frontier currently has four affiliate members, two of them are private schools:
| Institution | Location | Founded | Affiliation | Enrollment | Nickname | Joined | Frontier sport | Primary conference |
| Arizona Christian University | Glendale, Arizona | 1960 | Nondenominational | 1,050 | Firestorm | 2023 | football | Great Southwest (GSAC) |
| College of Idaho | Caldwell, Idaho | 1891 | Presbyterian (PCUSA) | 1,010 | Coyotes | 2014 | football | Cascade (CCC) |
| Eastern Oregon University | La Grande, Oregon | 1929 | Public | 3,743 | Mountaineers | 2008 | football | Cascade (CCC) |
| Southern Oregon University | Ashland, Oregon | 1872 | Public | 5,696 | Raiders | 2012 | football | Cascade (CCC) |

#### Notes

* ↑ Represents the calendar year when fall sports competition begins.

### Future affiliate members

The Frontier will have one new affiliate member, a private school:
| Institution | Location | Founded | Affiliation | Enrollment | Nickname | Joining | Frontier sport | Primary conference |
| Simpson University | Redding, California | 1921 | Christian & Missionary Alliance | 1,280 | Red Hawks | 2025 | football | California Pacific (CalPac) |

#### Notes

* ↑ Represents the calendar year when fall sports competition begins.

### Former members

The Frontier had four former full members, only one was a private school:
| Institution | Location | Founded | Affiliation | Enrollment | Nickname | Joined | Left | Subsequent conference(s) | Current conference |
| Dickinson State University | Dickinson, North Dakota | 1918 | Public | 2,572 | Blue Hawks | 2012 | 2014 | North Star (NSAA) (2014–25) | North Star (NSAA) (2014–25) |
| Lewis–Clark State College | Lewiston, Idaho | 1893 | Public | 4,500 | Warriors & Lady Warriors | 1998 | 2020 | Cascade (CCC) (2020–present) | Cascade (CCC) (2020–present) |
| Eastern Montana College | Billings, Montana | 1927 | Public | 4,600 | Yellowjackets | 1933 | 1980 | various | Great Northwest (GNAC) (2007–present) |
| Westminster College | Salt Lake City, Utah | 1875 | Nonsectarian | 3,108 | Griffins | 1998 | 2015 | Rocky Mountain (RMAC) (2015–present) | Rocky Mountain (RMAC) (2015–present) |

#### Notes

* ↑ Represents the calendar year when fall sports competition begins.
* ↑ Represents the calendar year when spring sports competition ends.
* ↑ Dickinson State will be returning to the Frontier for the 2025–26 academic year.
* ↑ Currently known as Montana State University–Billings since 1994. Eastern Montana was the school name that reflected its use during conference membership.
* 1 2 3 4 Currently an NCAA Division II athletic conference.
* ↑ Eastern Montana (now Montana State–Billings) had joined the following subsequent conferences: as an NCAA D-II Independent from 1980–81 to 1981–82; the Pacific West Conference (PacWest) from 1982–83 to 2004–05 (originally known as the Great Northwest Conference from 1982–83 to 1991–92); and the Heartland Conference from 2005–06 to 2006–07.
* ↑ Currently known as Westminster University since 2023.

### Membership timeline

Full member (all sports)   Full member (non-football)   Associate member (football-only)

## National championships
### Basketball

Montana Western won the NAIA national title in Division I Women's basketball, in 2019.
Rocky Mountain won the national title in men's basketball, NAIA Division I, in 2009.
Montana State-Northern won the national title in women's basketball, NAIA Division II, in 1993.
Carroll reached the semi-finals in men's basketball in 2005, as did Lewis-Clark State in women's basketball in 2001.
University of Providence reached finals in women's basketball in 2024, Providence defeated Carroll College in the semi finals.This marked the first time two Frontier teams meet in the national tournament.

### Football

Carroll has won the NAIA national championship six times: four straight, from 2002 to 2005, also in 2007 and 2010, and has been runner-up twice.
Southern Oregon won the NAIA national championship in the 2014 season.
Montana Tech was the national runner-up in 1996.

### Wrestling

Montana State-Northern has won six wrestling titles: 1991, 1992, 1998-2000, 2004, and was runner-up in 1990, 1993, and 2002.
Montana Western was co-champion in 1994.
In 2014, the University of Great Falls was second and Montana State-Northern took third at the NAIA national wrestling championship.

### Bowling

College of Great Falls (now University of Providence) was the 1973 Men's NAIA National Bowling Champion.

## Conference champions
### Football
#### By team

| Team | Conference | Conference |
| Team | Titles | Last title |
| Carroll | 39 | 2022 |
| Montana Western | 21 | 2024 |
| Montana Tech | 15 | 2016 |
| Rocky Mountain | 11 | 2021 |
| MSU Billings | 11 | 1975 |
| College of Idaho | 4 | 2022 |
| Southern Oregon | 2 | 2017 |
| Eastern Oregon | 1 | 2020 |

#### By year

| Year | Team |
| 1935 | Montana Western |
| 1936 | Montana Tech Montana Western |
| 1937 | Rocky Mountain |
| 1938 | Rocky Mountain |
| 1939 | Montana Tech |
| 1940 | Caroll |
| 1941 | Caroll |
| 1942 | No games, WWII |
| 1943 | No games, WWII |
| 1944 | No games, WWII |
| 1945 | No games, WWII |
| 1946 | Montana Western |
| 1947 | Montana Western |
| 1948 | MSU Billings |
| 1949 | Montana Western |
| 1950 | Carroll |
| 1951 | Carroll |
| 1952 | Carroll |
| 1953 | Carroll |
| 1954 | Carroll |
| 1955 | Rocky Mountain |
| 1956 | Rocky Mountain |
| 1957 | MSU Billings |
| 1958 | MSU Billings |
| 1959 | Carroll MSU Billings |
| 1960 | MSU Billings Rocky Mountain |
| Year | Team |
| 1961 | Montana Western |
| 1962 | Montana Western |
| 1963 | Montana Western |
| 1964 | MSU Billings |
| 1965 | MSU Billings |
| 1966 | MSU Billings |
| 1967 | Montana Western |
| 1968 | MSU Billings |
| 1969 | Montana Western |
| 1970 | Montana Tech |
| 1971 | MSU Billings |
| 1972 | Carroll Montana Tech |
| 1973 | Carroll |
| 1974 | Carroll |
| 1975 | MSU Billings |
| 1976 | Carroll |
| 1977 | Montana Western |
| 1978 | Carroll |
| 1979 | Montana Tech |
| 1980 | Carroll Montana Western |
| 1981 | Carroll |
| 1982 | Carroll Montana Western |
| 1983 | Montana Tech |
| 1984 | Rocky Mountain |
| 1985 | Carroll |
| Year | Team |
| 1986 | Carroll |
| 1987 | Carroll |
| 1988 | Carroll |
| 1989 | Carroll |
| 1990 | Carroll |
| 1991 | Rocky Mountain |
| 1992 | Montana Tech |
| 1993 | Carroll Montana Western |
| 1994 | Montana Western |
| 1995 | Montana Western |
| 1996 | Montana Tech |
| 1997 | Montana Tech |
| 1998 | Rocky Mountain |
| 1999 | Rocky Mountain |
| 2000 | Carroll |
| 2001 | Carroll |
| 2002 | Carroll Montana Western |
| 2003 | Carroll |
| 2004 | Carroll Montana Tech Montana Western |
| 2005 | Carroll |
| 2006 | Carroll |
| 2007 | Carroll |
| 2008 | Carroll |
| 2009 | Carroll |
| 2010 | Carroll |
| Year | Team |
| 2011 | Carroll |
| 2012 | Montana Tech Southern Oregon |
| 2013 | Carroll |
| 2014 | Carroll |
| 2015 | Montana Tech |
| 2016 | Montana Tech |
| 2017 | Southern Oregon |
| 2018 | Rocky Mountain |
| 2019 | College of Idaho |
| 2020 | Carroll College of Idaho Eastern Oregon |
| 2021 | College of Idaho Montana Western Rocky Mountain |
| 2022 | Carroll College of Idaho |
| 2023 | Montana Western |
| 2024 | Montana Western |