OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Arc en Ciel Airlines

Arc en Ciel Airlines is a Senegalese airline.
Founded in 1996 as Arc en Ciel Aviation, the company changed its name to Arc en Ciel Airlines in 2020.
Based in Senegal, at Dakar Yoff's Léopold-Sédar-Senghor airport, the company mainly offers charter flights and medical evacuation services.
By 2024, its fleet includes 5 aircraft and the airline is BARS(Basic Aviation Risk Standard) approved.

## History

Arc en Ciel Airlines was founded in 1996 under the name Arc en Ciel Aviation. That same year, the company set up a maintenance workshop to provide this service on its fleet.
The company's name is a tribute to the Couzinet Arc en Ciel aircraft flown by Jean Mermoz across the South Atlantic from Saint Louis du Sénégal in 1933.
The company was taken over in 2004 by Michel Jacquot, a professional pilot and experienced business aviation manager.
In the summer of 2019, the French AVICO Group became the majority shareholder with the ambition of supporting the company's development.
In March 2020, the company changed its name to Arc en Ciel Airlines and the Namibian company Westair Aviation acquired a stake in Arc en Ciel Airlines alongside the Avico Group.
A first Beechcraft 1900D enters service in early 2022, joined by a Cessna F406 in the same year.
The airline has been BARS approved by Flight Safety Foundation in 2024.

## Activity

Arc en Ciel Airlines specializes in on-demand flights, business aviation, urgent freight and medical evacuations in West Africa and to Southern Europe.
Its offices and workshops are located at the Léopold-Sédar-Senghor (DKR) international airport in Dakar Yoff. The company also has a base at Blaise-Diagne International Airport (DSS).
The company's geographical position and the characteristics of its fleet also make Arc en Ciel Airlines attractive to mining and oil companies involved in major projects in the region.

## Fleet

The Arc en Ciel Airlines fleet includes 6 aircraft:
| Aircraft | Number | Seat configuration | Range | Stretcher equipped |
| Beechcraft 1900D | 1 | 18 | 1 000 NM | Yes |
| C208B Grand Caravan | 1 | 12 | 1 200 NM | Yes |
| Reims-Cessna F406 | 1 | 12 | 1250 NM | Yes |
| PA 23 - Aztec 250 | 1 | 6 | 1 100 NM | No |
| PA 32 - Saratoga | 1 | 5 | 1 000 NM | Yes |
# Muhammad Saleh Kamboh

Muhammad Saleh Kamboh Lahori was a noted Punjabi Muslim calligraphist and official biographer of Emperor Shah Jahan and the teacher of Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb. Though a widely read person, little is known of the life of Muhammad Saleh Kamboh other than the works he composed. He was son of Mir Abdu-lla, Mushkin Kalam, whose title shows him to also have been a fine writer. He is believed to be younger brother of Inayat-Allah Kamboh and worked as a Shahi Dewan (Minister) with the governor of Lahore. He held the title of Sipahsalar.

## Biography

Muhammad Saleh is best remembered for his work Amal-i Salih, also referred to as Shah Jahan Namah (The History of Shah Jahan), which he completed in 1659–60 AD. Amal-i-Salih is an account of the life and reign of Shah Jahan. However, the work also includes information on Shah Jahan's predecessors (particularly Akbar and Jahangir) and a compendium of biographies of the Shaikhs, poets, and other notables who were contemporaries with Shah Jahan. It is considered to be one of the most important original sources of events during Shah Jahan's reign. Muhammad Saleh was known as a poet by the Persian title Kashfi and by Arabic Subhan and is also stated to be an accomplished Urdu singer. During the rule of Aurangzeb, Muhammad Saleh served as his spiritual teacher who taught him a strict Islamic teaching. It is also stated that when Shaikh Makhdum was appointed imperial "Sadr-us-Sadur" (Chief Sadr, Chief Administrator or Prime Minister) after death of Sadr Sharif Khan during the reign of Aurangzeb, Muhammad Salih Kamboh was appointed Peshdast (deputy).
In the list of mansabdars, Muhammad Saleh Kamboh is put down as a commander of five hundred soldiers.

### Death

It is claimed by some accounts that Muhammad Saleh Kamboh served as a Mughal Admiral and was killed while fighting alongside his fleet against the Ahoms at Pandu on Bengal-Assam border while helping General Abdus Salam, the Faujdar (infantry commander) of Hajo, during the tenure of Islam Khan Mashadi, the Mughal Governor of Bengal. The event referred to above is said to date 1636 AD, which is incorrect, since Muhammadd Saleh was very much alive and is known to have completed his Amal-i Salih in 1659/60 AD soon after Aurangzeb (Reign 1658 AD-1707 AD) became the emperor of India in 1658 AD. According to Naimur Rehman Farooqi, the work was completed in 1669 AD.
The date of Muhammad Saleh's death is not certain. S. M. Latif states on unspecified authority in his works that Muhammad Saleh Kamboh died in A. H. 1085 (1675 AD) which is accepted by some writers.
A mosque known as Saleh Kamboh Mosque has been built with his name in Mochi Gate, Walled City of Lahore. He is buried in Lahore, though his grave location is currently disputed by the owners of the property.
# Kestrel (rocket launcher)

The Kestrel is an individual shoulder-launched weapon system developed by Taiwan's National Chung-Shan Institute of Science and Technology and currently in service with the Republic of China Armed Forces and Coast Guard Administration.

## Description

The launcher is made from fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) and features an optical sight as well as a mount for a night vision scope. Effective range is 400m with HEAT warhead rocket and 150m with HESH warhead rocket.

## Development

Development of the Kestrel began in 2008 following a request from the Republic of China Marine Corps. Eleven tests were carried out between 2009 and 2012 and the Initial Operational Test and Evaluation occurred in 2013. The Kestrel was first exhibited at the Taipei Aerospace & Defense Technology Exhibition in 2013.

## Service history
### Republic of China Military Police

The Kestrel entered service with the ROCMC in 2015. In 2018 the Republic of China Military Police placed an order for 445 launchers. As of December 2019 the ROCMP had procured 397 combat systems, 238 test systems and five training simulators.

### Coast Guard Administration

In 2019 the Coast Guard Administration placed an order for 84 launchers and 88 simulators. By April 2021 many had been deployed to units garrisoned on islands in the South China Sea.

### Republic of China Army

The Republic of China Army has evaluated the system to replace their numerous M72 LAW systems. In 2022, the Army placed an order for 5,000 launchers. In 2023 the Army placed an order for 5,962 additional launchers.

## Rockets
### HEAT

The standard rocket features a high explosive anti-tank warhead. The HEAT rocket has a 400m range and can penetrate 35 centimeters of armor.

### HESH

The development of a High Explosive Squash Head warhead began in 2012. It has been tested against brick walls and reinforced concrete. This warhead is particularly effective for making mouseholes (improvised doorways) in concrete walls during urban combat. The HESH rocket has a range of 150 meters and can penetrate 20-60 centimeters of reinforced concrete.

### Long range

A long range rocket that can reach out to 1,200m is in development.

### Guided

A guided missile based on existing Kestrel rockets is under development by NCSIST with an eye to providing a domestic equivalent to the FGM-148 Javelin.

## Operators

Republic of China Army
* September 2022, 5,000 missiles ordered
* August 2023, 5,962 Kestrel ordered
# VL10

The VL10 (Russian: ВЛ10) is an electric two-unit mainline DC freight locomotive used in the Soviet Union and is still operated today by the state owned Russian rail company RZhD, Ukrainian Railways and Georgian Railway. The initials VL are those of Vladimir Lenin (Russian: Владимир Ленин), after whom the class is named.

## History

The VL10 series was built as a replacement for the ageing VL8 which, by 1960, no longer met Soviet rail requirements. The VL10s were manufactured at the Tbilisi Electric Locomotive Works (ТЭВЗ) between 1961–1977, as well as the Novocherkassk Electric Locomotive Plant (НЭВЗ) during 1969 and 1976. It was also there that all the mechanical components for the series were produced. The first prototype of the VL10 series was built in the Tbilisi works under the designation Т8-001. It was built in 1961 to coincide with the 40th anniversary of Soviet rule in Georgia.

## In popular culture

The electric locomotive VL10-792 was introduced in the Trainz computer game in 2012. In 2020, the Polish developer PlayWay presented a computer simulation game Trans-Siberian Railway Simulator. The protagonist of the story is a train VL10-792. The action unfolds on the section of the Trans-Siberian Railway from Novosibirsk to Krasnoyarsk.
# Patrick Küng

Patrick Küng (born 11 January 1984) is a Swiss former World Cup alpine ski racer. He specialised in the speed events of Downhill and Super G and made his World Cup debut at Wengen in 2009.
Küng represented Switzerland at the World Championships in 2013 in Schladming, Austria. After placing 18th in the Super G, he produced his best run of the 2013 season in the downhill, finishing in 7th position.
Küng's first World Cup win came in Super G in December 2013, at Beaver Creek, USA. His second came a month later at the downhill in Wengen, Switzerland. Through January 2015, he has two World Cup wins and five podiums.
Küng won the gold medal in downhill at the 2015 World Championships at Beaver Creek.
At the Kitzbühel World Cup meeting in January 2019, Küng announced his immediate retirement from competition, citing a lack of willingness to take the necessary risks following a crash in Wengen which left him concussed.

## World Cup results
### Season standings

| Season | Age | Overall | Slalom | Giant Slalom | Super G | Downhill | Combined |
| 2009 | 25 | 113 | — | — | — | 47 | 36 |
| 2010 | 26 | 40 | — | — | 29 | 16 | 41 |
| 2011 | 27 | 33 | — | — | 24 | 11 | — |
| 2012 | 28 | 44 | — | — | 33 | 20 | — |
| 2013 | 29 | 56 | — | — | 24 | 27 | — |
| 2014 | 30 | 10 | — | — | 3 | 5 | — |
| 2015 | 31 | 21 | — | — | 18 | 8 | — |
| 2016 | 32 | 101 | — | — | 48 | 33 | — |
| 2017 | 33 | 56 | — | — | 42 | 20 | — |
| 2018 | 34 | 79 | — | — | — | 25 | — |
* Standings through 28 January 2018

### Race podiums

* 2 wins – (1 DH, 1 SG)
* 5 podiums – (3 DH, 2 SG)
| Season | Date | Location | Discipline | Place |
| 2010 | 10 Mar 2010 | Garmisch, Germany | Downhill | 3rd |
| 2012 | 29 Dec 2011 | Bormio, Italy | Downhill | 2nd |
| 2014 | 7 Dec 2013 | Beaver Creek, USA | Super G | 1st |
| 2014 | 18 Jan 2014 | Wengen, Switzerland | Downhill | 1st |
| 2014 | 2 Mar 2014 | Kvitfjell, Norway | Super-G | 2nd |

## World Championships results

| Year | Age | Slalom | Giant slalom | Super-G | Downhill | Combined |
| 2013 | 29 | — | — | 18 | 7 | — |
| 2015 | 31 | — | — | 16 | 1 | — |

## Olympic results

| Year | Age | Slalom | Giant slalom | Super-G | Downhill | Combined |
| 2014 | 30 | — | — | 12 | 15 | — |
# Federal Standard 595

Federal Standard 595, known as SAE AMS-STD-595 – Colors Used in Government Procurement, formerly FED-STD-595, is a United States Federal Standard for colors, issued by the General Services Administration.

## History
### FED-STD-595, 595A, and 595B

Federal Standard 595 is the color description and communication system developed in 1956 by the United States government. Its origins reach back to World War II when a problem of providing exact color specifications to military equipment subcontractors in different parts of the world became a matter of urgency.
Similarly to other color standards of the pre-digital era, such as RAL colour standard or British Standard 4800, Federal Standard 595 is a color collection rather than a color space. The standard is built upon a set of color shades where a unique reference number is assigned to each color. This collection is then printed on sample color chips and provided to interested parties. In contrast, modern color systems such as the Natural Color System (NCS) are built upon a color space paradigm, providing for much more flexibility and wider range of applications.
Each color in the Federal Standard 595 range is identified by a five-digit code. The colors in the standard have no official names, just numbers.
The initial standard FED-STD-595 issued in March 1956 contained 358 colors. Revision A issued in January 1968 counted 437 colors. Revision B Change 1 from January 1994 counted 611 colors.

### FED-STD-595C

Federal Standard 595C was published January 16, 2008. No previous colors were removed. Thirty-nine new colors were added for a total of 650 colors. On July 31, 2008 595C Change Order 1 was published, changing the numbers of eight of the colors added in revision C. The revision C master reference list of colors provides all available reference information for these colors, including tristimulus values, pigments and 60° gloss level and color name as applicable. As before, all color matching must still be done via color reference chips.
Many prime contractors, such as L3, require the Federal Standard 595 paint chips used for inspection purposes be replaced every two years.

### AMS-STD-595

As of February 14, 2017, FED-STD-595 was cancelled and replaced by SAE International's AMS-STD-595. Color chips as well as fan decks are available, including a box set containing 692 color chips.
# Brad Stacey

Brad Stacey (born 11 June 1972) is an Australian former cricketer. He played eight first-class cricket matches for Victoria between 1996 and 1997.
# Eliezer Paul-Gindiri

Eliezer Paul-Gindiri, nicknamed Snappy Gilmore, is a Nigerian American amateur golfer who is known for his distinctive single-handed golf swing. First gaining popularity after a 2021 viral video, he was invited in 2022 by PGA of America and PGA Tour to share his technique with PGA players.

## Biography

Prior to entering golf, Paul-Gindiri played soccer at Contra Costa College. On February 28, 2021, a video garnered five million views on TikTok, featuring him playing golf with at Diablo Creek Golf Course in Concord, California. His driving technique with a golf club which garnered him and his synonymous technique the nickname Snappy Gilmore, an homage to the film Happy Gilmore, caused him to be featured on Barstool Sports, Golf Magazine, Sports Illustrated, and SportsCenter. Genesis Motor sponsored a friendly match between three-time PGA Tour winner Max Homa and Paul-Gindiri on March 15, 2022. The video compared Paul-Gindiri's drive against Homa's more-traditional two handed swing. In jest, they both declared the result of the games as a tie.
# Yokohama Minatomirai Railway Kodomonokuni Line

The Kodomonokuni Line (こどもの国線, Kodomonokuni-sen) is a railway line in Kanagawa Prefecture owned by the Yokohama Minatomirai Railway Company and operated by Tokyu Corporation.

## History

The line opened in April 1967, at the same time as its 'parent' station, Nagatsuta. It is a single track local line designed principally to cater for visitors to Kodomonokuni Theme Park (Children's Land) park. Consequently, the two-car trains are particularly busy during summer weekends and holidays.
The line originally was built and opened as a transportation link to the park (which opened in 1965) from the Tōkyū Den-en-toshi Line. The Children's Land Association (Shakai Fukushi Houjin Kodomonokuni Kyokai) owned the right-of-way and the Kodomonokuni Station, but the actual operation was contracted out to Tokyu Corporation.
In 1997, the line was sold to Yokohama Minatomirai Railway Company (MMR), a joint venture of Tokyu Corporation, the Kanagawa prefectural government and the Yokohama city government. In 2000, an intermediate station, Onda, opened in Aoba-ku, Yokohama to reflect the changing role of this line as a commuter line. MMR today owns the right-of-way, Kodomonokuni and Onda stations and the rolling stock, but the actual operation continues to be contracted to Tōkyū.
Local residents along the train line have expressed an interest in getting the Kodomonokuni Line extended northward to meet the Odakyū Odawara Line at Tsurukawa; however the planning has not yet taken off because the proposed rail alignment, despite its short distance, involves two prefectures (Kanagawa, Tokyo) and three cities (Aoba-ku, Yokohama; Asao-ku, Kawasaki and Machida, Tokyo).
The travel time from Nagatsuta to Kodomonokuni is 7 minutes (with one stop at Onda). At both Kodomonokuni and Nagatsuta stations there are ticket machines for this line, but the Kodomonokuni Line shares Tōkyū platforms at Nagatsuta.
Trains depart every 20 minutes throughout the day (every 10 minutes between 8 and 9 a.m. both directions) and at weekends; however, services are more regular during morning and evening peak times, and during Golden Week.

## Station list

All stations are located in Yokohama, Kanagawa Prefecture.
| No. | Station | Japanese | Distance (km) | Distance (km) | Transfers | Location |
| No. | Station | Japanese | Between stations | Total | Transfers | Location |
| KD01 | Nagatsuta | 長津田 | - | 0.0 | DT Tōkyū Den-en-toshi Line (DT22) JH Yokohama Line (JH21) | Midori-ku |
| KD02 | Onda | 恩田 | 1.8 | 1.8 | | Aoba-ku |
| KD03 | Kodomonokuni | こどもの国 | 1.6 | 3.4 | | Aoba-ku |

## Rolling stock

* Y000 series [ja] (since 1999)
All trains are based at Nagasuta Depot, accessed via a spur located before Onda Station.

### Former rolling stock

* Tokyu 3000 series (original) (from 1967 until 1975)
* Tokyu 3600 series (from 1975 until 1980)
* Tokyu 7200 series (sometimes substituted by Tokyu 5000 (original), 6000 (original) and 8000 series, from 1980 until 1993)
* Tokyu 7000 series (original) (from 1993 until 2000)
# Thomas Hussey (MP for Whitchurch)

Thomas Hussey (1597 - December 1657) of Hungerford Park was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons at various times between 1645 and 1657.
Thomas Hussey of Hungerford purchased a lease of Hungerford Park from John Herbert.
In 1645, Hussey was elected Member of Parliament for Whitchurch in the Long Parliament and remained until 1653. In 1650 he purchased a part of Kintbury from Henry Marten. In 1656 he was elected MP for Andover in the Second Protectorate Parliament.
Hussey died in 1657 and left Hungerford Park to his wife Catherine for her life with remainder to his eldest son Thomas Hussey.

## Confusion of identities

Thomas Hussey of Hungerford is confused by A.B. Beavan with Thomas Hussey Sr. of Shere and Abinger in Surrey (died 1655), a citizen of London of the Worshipful Company of Grocers, who became alderman of the City of London for Vintry ward on 17 Jul 1645, and was father of Thomas Hussey Jr. (died 1671), citizen and Grocer, of Hampstead, alderman from 1661.
# Betül Mardin

Betül Mardin (born 1 December 1926) is a Turkish journalist who laid the foundations of public relations in Turkey.

## Early life and education

Mardin was born on 1926 in Istanbul. She is the second child of the Mardin family, an Ottoman family whose roots go back to Hussein, the grandson of Muhammad, the prophet of Islam. She is the older sister of famous music producer Arif Mardin.
She graduated from Arnavutköy American College for Girls and BBC Television Course, rose to the presidency of the International Public Relations Association (IPRA) in 1995 and became the first Turkish female president of IPRA with this task. She is considered a master in public relations with this award, which is one of the few in the world, with the title "Member Emeritus", which was later given to her by the International Public Relations Association. She is a faculty member at Istanbul Bilgi University, Faculty of Communication, Department of Public Relations.

## Personal life

Betül was married twice, first with Akgün Usta where she had a daughter and second with Turkish actor Haldun Dormen where she had a son.
# Dina Garipova

Dina Fagimovna Garipova (Russian: Дина Фагимовна Гарипова, Tatar: Динә Фәһим кызы Гарипова, romanized: Dinä Fähim kyzy Garipova; born 25 March 1991) is a Russian singer. In 2012, Garipova won the Russian version of singing competition The Voice, Golos. Garipova was selected by the Russian broadcaster Channel One to represent Russia at the Eurovision Song Contest 2013 in Malmö, Sweden, with the song "What If". At the competition, she qualified from the first semi-final and placed fifth in the final, scoring 174 points. In 2015, Garipova was one of five jurors for Russia in the Eurovision Song Contest 2015.

## Biography

Garipova was born on 25 March 1991, in Zelenodolsk, Tatarstan, Russia, to a family of physicians. From the age of six, Garipova studied singing at the "Zolotoy mikrofon" (Golden Microphone) Theatre, with Elena Antonova as her vocal coach. Garipova studied journalism (correspondence department) at the Kazan (Volga region) Federal University. When Garipova graduated from "Zolotoy mikrofon", she toured with the Tatarstan singer Gabdelfat Safin.
Dina's vocal range is 2.4 octaves.
Dina is of ethnic Tatar descent and is Sunni Muslim.

### The Voice

Dina auditioned in 2012 to compete in season 1 of The Voice. In the blind auditions, broadcast on 26 October 2012 on Channel One, she sang "А напоследок я скажу". Only Alexander Gradsky turned his chair for her at the last few seconds of the performance.

#### The Voice performances

| Stage | Song | Original artist | Date | Order | Result |
| Blind Audition | "А напоследок я скажу" | Valentina Ponomaryova | 29 October 2012 | 4.6 | Only Alexander Gradsky turned for her. |
| Battle Rounds (Top 48) | "When You Believe" (vs. Valeria Grinyuk) | Whitney Houston and Mariah Carey | 23 November 2012 | 8.2 | Saved by Coach |
| Knockout Rounds (Top 24) | "Angel" (vs. Ilya Yudichev) | Aretha Franklin | 7 December 2012 | 10.3 | Saved by Coach |
| Live Quarterfinal (Top 12) | "Ты на свете есть" | Alla Pugacheva | 14 December 2012 | 11.10 | Saved by Public's vote |
| Live Semifinal (Top 8) | "The Music of the Night" | Michael Crawford | 21 December 2012 | 12.2 | Saved by Votes' summa |
| Live Final (Top 4) | "Skyfall" (with Igor Butman) | Adele | 29 December 2012 | 13.3 | Winner |
| Live Final (Top 4) | "Non, je ne regrette rien" | Edith Piaf | 29 December 2012 | 13.7 | Winner |
| Live Final (Top 4) | "Не отрекаются любя" | Alla Pugacheva | 29 December 2012 | 13.10 | Winner |

## Discography
### Studio albums

| Title | Details |
| Два шага до любви (Two Steps to Love) | Released: 28 October 2014 Label: Universal Music Russia Format: CD, digital download |

### Singles

| Title | Year | Peak chart positions | Peak chart positions | Peak chart positions | Peak chart positions | Album |
| Title | Year | GER | NL | SWI | UK | Album |
| "What If" | 2013 | 78 | 51 | 75 | 161 | Два шага до любви |
# Ashley Robertson (cricketer)

Ashley Robertson (born 9 March 1972) is an Australian former cricketer. He played two first-class cricket matches for Victoria between 1998 and 1999.