OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Hat Island (Lake Michigan)

Hat Island is a small island on the eastern edge of the Beaver Island archipelago in Lake Michigan. It is about 10 acres (0.04 km$^2$) in size and located in eastern St. James Township, Charlevoix County, Michigan. It became part of the Michigan Islands National Wildlife Refuge in 1943.
Like other islands in the Michigan Islands NWR, Hat Island was formed during the Wisconsin glaciation when a melting glacier randomly dumped a large quantity of boulders and gravel in a spot that became part of the lakebed. The island was selected for inclusion in the Michigan Islands NMWR because of its standing as a potential breeding ground for herring gulls and other fish-eating birds.
During World War 2 it was used as a practice bombing site by the US Navy.
Hat Island is roughly four-sided, with an SSE-pointing forepeak that is said to look like the upturned brim of a hat.
# Haplopappus nahuelbutae

Haplopappus nahuelbutae is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae that is endemic to Chile and found in the Araucania region.
The species was first described in 1997 by Lieselotte Klingenberg.
# 1926 Eden-Monaro by-election

A by-election was held for the Australian House of Representatives seat of Eden-Monaro on 6 March 1926. This was triggered by the death of Nationalist MP Sir Austin Chapman. Canberra residents were not permitted to vote although the Australian Capital Territory is geographically inside the Division.
The by-election was won by Nationalist candidate John Perkins.

## Results

Eden-Monaro by-election, 1926 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Nationalist | John Perkins | 20,573 | 60.0 | −4.6 |
| | Labor | Charles Morgan | 13,729 | 40.0 | +4.6 |
| Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 34,302 | 97.5 | |
| Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 887 | 2.5 | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 35,189 | 86.3 | |
| | Nationalist hold | Nationalist hold | Swing | −4.6 | |
# Sleeper Lakes Fire

The Sleeper Lake Fire was a wildfire that occurred north of the Village of Newberry in Luce County, Michigan. The fire most likely started with a lightning strike on August 2, 2007 near Sleeper Lake.

## Fire progression

The fire began in the vicinity of Sleeper Lake and burned towards the southeast over largely uninhabited marsh and bogs. By August 5, 2007, southeasterly winds began to push the fire towards the north, threatening structures and forcing nearby residents to evacuate. By that point, the fire had burned an estimated 12,000 acres (49 km$^2$). By August 13, the burned area had increased to 18,500 acres (75 km$^2$).

## Resources

Several agencies cooperated in fighting the fire and providing emergency services, including the Michigan DNR, the Minnesota DNR, the Wisconsin DNR, the Bureau of Indian Affairs, the US Fish and Wildlife Service, the US Forest Service, the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, the Michigan National Guard, Air Guard, the Michigan State Police, Luce County Sheriff's Department, the National Weather Service, the Nature Conservancy, area volunteer fire departments, the Salvation Army, and the American Red Cross. 239 persons were involved, manning bulldozers, five helicopters and a water bomber.
# Cannon Valley Trail

The Cannon Valley Trail is a paved rail trail that follows the Cannon River in southeast Minnesota. The trail follows an abandoned Chicago Great Western Railway corridor for 20 miles (32 km) between Cannon Falls, Minnesota and Red Wing, Minnesota. In the spring, summer, and fall months, the trail is open to hiking, biking, and inline skating. In the winter months, the trail is groomed for cross-country skiing.
Points of interest on the trail include the Cannon River, wildlife management areas, a 1.5-mile (2.4 km) mountain-bike trail, Welch Village ski area, and the Red Wing archaeological preserve. The trail is managed by a joint powers board consisting of representatives from Cannon Falls, Red Wing and Goodhue County, Minnesota.

## History

The railroad of Alpheus Beede Stickney, the Minnesota Central Railroad Company (MCRR), built the Cannon Valley railroad out from Red Wing through Northfield to Faribault in 1882, pushing on to Mankato. There was a railroad war with the Milwaukee Road building a branch on the opposite bank. The MCRR was bought out by the Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific Railroad who in 1899 sold the trackage to Stickney's new company, the Minnesota and Northwestern Railroad, that by this time had become the Chicago Great Western Railway (a railroad better known by its slight name change nine years later when Stickney had left: the Chicago Great Western Railroad).
Local private citizens purchased the railroad roadbed for a recreational trail in 1983 following the C&NWs (the successor to the CGW) decision to abandon the line.
The Cannon Valley Trail contains milepost markers installed by CGW, which indicate the distance from Mankato — the railroad's original western terminus.

## Related Trails
### Sakatah Singing Hills State Trail

The section of the Chicago Great Western from Faribault to Mankato is now the Sakatah Singing Hills State Trail.

### Cannon Falls to Faribault

The section of the Chicago Great Western between Faribault and Cannon Falls is being developed by the Mill Towns Trail Association which would result in the former route of the entire Chicago Great Western (originally the Central Railway Company of Minnesota and later the Wisconsin, Minnesota & Pacific) from Mankato to Red Wing being converted to trail use.

### Goodhue Pioneer State Trail

In Red Wing, the trail connects to the Goodhue Pioneer State Trail.
# Chatfield High School (Colorado)

Chatfield High School is a high school located in Ken Caryl, an unincorporated area of Jefferson County near Littleton, Colorado, United States. It is part of the Jefferson County Public Schools system.

## History

Chatfield Senior High School opened in the fall of 1985; there was no senior class its first year. The school's first graduating class was the Class of 1987. During reconstruction of Columbine High School, and also after the Columbine High School massacre, Columbine students attended classes at Chatfield.

## Attendance zone

Areas within the school's attendance zone include: Ken Caryl CDP

## Extracurricular activities
### Athletics

Chatfield has produced well-known athletes such as twin brothers Taylor Rogers and Tyler Rogers, LenDale White, Katie Hnida, and Zac Robinson. In 2001 Chatfield's football team went undefeated, winning the JeffCo and State Championships and ending the season ranked 11th in the nation.
Chatfield's athletic rival is Columbine High School.

### Performing arts and other activities

Chatfield has been "nationally recognized as an outstanding theatre school", known for putting on ambitious productions such as Mary Zimmerman's Metamorphoses (play), in which students constructed and used a swimming pool onstage. Chatfield's Troupe #4126 has made consistent appearances at the JeffCo Theatre Festival and the Colorado Thespian Conference.
Chatfield's choir program has participated in JeffCo All County Honor Choir and the Colorado All State Choir.

## Awards and recognition

Chatfield's pom squad won 1st in league for the 2006–2007 year as well as 3rd at the NDA nationals in Florida.
In 2009, the Lady Chargers varsity soccer team took state.
Chatfield's improv troupe won the Critic's Choice and performed on the main stage at the 54th Thespian Conference on December 8, 2018.

## Notable alumni

* Dian Bachar – actor
* Katie Hnida – football player
* Zac Robinson – football player
* Tyler Sturdevant – baseball player
* LenDale White – football player, USC and Denver Broncos
* Taylor Rogers – MLB pitcher for the Minnesota Twins
* Tyler Rogers – MLB pitcher for the San Francisco Giants
* Dalton Keene - football player for the Philadelphia Eagles
* Brittany Pettersen - U.S. House of Representatives
# Summit Fire (2013)

The Summit Fire was a wildfire that started in the Mias Canyon area north of Banning in Riverside County, California, on May 1, 2013. By the time the fire was contained on May 4, 3,161 acres (12.79 km$^2$) had burned and 1 residence had been destroyed.
# Thompson Fire

The Thompson Fire was a fast-moving wildfire burning near the community of Oroville in Butte County, California, during the 2024 California wildfire season.

## Background

The Thompson Fire sparked amidst a heat wave described as "exceptionally dangerous and lethal" by the National Weather Service. The fire was allegedly caused by arson, with a man testing fireworks by throwing one out of the window. An arrest was made on August 22. The heat wave has caused vegetation to dry out, increasing wildfire risk in the area.
The community of Oroville has been affected by several major wildfires, including the Camp Fire in 2018 and the Bear Fire in 2020.

## Fire

The fire sparked at 10:51 a.m. on Tuesday, July 2, 2024, near Cherokee Road and Thompson Flat Cemetery Road. Within six hours, the fire grew from 15 acres (6.1 ha) to over 2,100 acres (850 ha), causing Gavin Newsom, the Governor of California, declared a state of emergency in Butte County. 13 thousand residents of Oroville were evacuated from the area.
On Wednesday, the fire had scorched more than 3,000 acres (1,200 ha). It was originally reported that eight firefighters were injured, three in a car crash and four were heat-related. However, that number had dropped to four on Thursday. Four structures were also destroyed.
By Thursday, it was reported that growth of the fire had slowed, partly due to winds that were fueling the fire dying down.

## Growth and containment status

Fire containment status Gray: contained; Red: active; %: percent contained :
| Date | Total area burned | Personnel | Containment |
| Jul 2 | 2,135 acres (864 ha) | 514 personnel | 0% |
| Jul 3 | 3,002 acres (1,215 ha) | 1,438 personnel | 0% |
| Jul 4 | 3,789 acres (1,533 ha) | 2,219 personnel | 29% |
| Jul 5 | 3,789 acres (1,533 ha) | 1,930 personnel | 55% |
| Jul 6 | 3,789 acres (1,533 ha) | 1,728 personnel | 79% |
| Jul 7 | 3,789 acres (1,533 ha) | 1,185 personnel | 94% |
| Jul 8 | 3,789 acres (1,533 ha) | 6 personnel | 100% |
# Trailhead Fire

The Trailhead Fire was a wildfire burning in the Middle Fork American River canyon in both Placer County and El Dorado County, California. As of July 18, 2016 the fire has consumed 5,646 acres (22.85 km$^2$) and is 100% contained.

## Events

On Wednesday June 29, less than 24 hours after the fire was first reported, the fire had grown to over 1,000 acres (4.0 km$^2$) forcing widespread evacuations as over 2,500 structures were threatened. By Wednesday evening, the fire was only 12% contained and two evacuation centers had been established: one at Golden Sierra High School in Garden Valley for residents in El Dorado County, and a second at the Gold Country Fairgrounds in Auburn for residents in Placer County.
# Wall Fire

The Wall Fire was a wildfire in 2017 near Bangor in Eastern Butte County, in California, in the United States. Named for its ignition point near Chinese Wall Road, it was reported at 2:52 PM PDT on July 7, 2017. The fire was contained on July 17, 2017, and burned a total of 6,033 acres (2,441 ha).

## Progression

The fire broke out near Chinese Wall Road, five miles north of Bangor at 2:50 p.m. on Friday, July 7, and immediately became a threat to surrounding structures in the valley. Within a half hour of burning, the fire was a reported 50 acres in size but within three hours had ballooned to 500 acres (200 ha). An immediate evacuation order was put into effect for Hurleton Swedes Flat Road from Grand Oak to Swedes Flat as well as all connecting roads. An evacuation center was set up at the Church of the Nazarene in South Oroville.
By Saturday, July 8, the fire was a reported 2,000 acres in size with an estimated 10 homes destroyed and a mere 2% containment. A reported five people had already been injured as a result of the fire, four of which were civilians. Over the course of the day, the fire reportedly doubled in size to over 4,400 acres as nearly 1,000 fire personnel were on scene fighting the fire. More structures were seen burning in the area although there were unknown estimate as to how many were homes.
On Sunday morning, July 9, evacuation orders were extended to include Oro Bangor Highway from Swedes Flat Road to Avocado Road, including all connection roads and areas, leaving 750 structures threatened by the fire. However, containment was up by 17 percent. By mid afternoon, that day, the fire was 5,000 acres in size with 17 percent of the fire contained.
The fire had grown to 5,800 acres on the evening of July 10 as over 5,400 structures were still threatened, however over 1,700 firecrews had contained 40 percent of the incident.
At the height of the fire, evacuation orders were put into effect for more than 4,000 residents and an additional 7,400 people were put under an evacuation advisory, according to officials. Gov. Jerry Brown issued a state of emergency for the Butte County area on Sunday, July 9.
The Wall Fire was 100% contained by 9:45 am, July 17. In total, it burned 6,033 acres (2,441 ha). In total, 147 fire personnel fought the fire, supported by 10 fire engines, 4 dozers, and 2 water tenders. The cause of the fire is still under investigation.

## Effects

The Wall Fire destroyed 41 homes. Three additional homes were damaged and 57 other structures were either damaged or destroyed.
The Department of Toxic Substances Control began removing toxic waste from 32 residential properties after screening burned homes for any hazardous waste left after the fire.
# Shironam

Shironam (lit. 'Headline') is an Indian Bengali language drama film directed by Indranil Ghosh and features Jisshu Sengupta, Swastika Mukherjee and Saswata Chatterjee under the banner of R P Techvision.
The film was released in theatres on 21 October 2020, coinciding with Puja holidays.

## Cast

* Jisshu Sengupta
* Saswata Chatterjee
* Swastika Mukherjee
* Anjan Dutt
* Santilal Mukherjee

## Release

The film was made back in 2017. after Travelling some Festivals it rereleased in Pujo 2020 with Positive Reviews.
# Canoe Meadows Wildlife Sanctuary

Canoe Meadows Wildlife Sanctuary is a 253-acre (1.02 km$^2$) wildlife sanctuary located in Pittsfield, Massachusetts. The sanctuary, managed by the Massachusetts Audubon Society, is flanked by the Housatonic River on its southwestern border and contains hiking trails suitable for birdwatching, observing other wildlife, and scenic viewing. The sanctuary also contains a 4.5-acre (1.8 ha) community garden, from which local residents may rent garden plots measuring 300 square feet (28 m$^2$).

## History

The sanctuary was founded in 1975, when Mrs. Cooley Graves Crane donated her Pittsfield estate to the Massachusetts Audubon Society. Early historical documents indicate that the Mohican tribe often landed their canoes along the Housatonic River in this area. This practice was a source of inspiration for Oliver Wendell Holmes, Sr., who named his nearby summer home "Canoe Meadow" in homage to these activities. The name of the sanctuary also originates from this historical context.

## Hiking trails

The sanctuary contains two main hiking trails, each of which is relatively flat.
Sacred way Trail loops through the southwest portion of the sanctuary and is sometimes flooded from heavy rains and beaver activity.
The Wolf Pine Trail forms a loop through the central and eastern areas of the sanctuary. At the trail's eastern point, hikers can extend their journey by following the Owl Trail. This trail expands the Wolf Pine Trail's extent, beginning at one spot on Wolf Pine and rejoining it at another.

## Projects

The Massachusetts Audubon Society indicates one recently completed as well as one ongoing project associated with the sanctuary.
The first project involved the restoration of flow of Sackett Brook, a tributary of the Housatonic River, by removal of the Sackett Brook dam, which was constructed in the 1930s, artificially blocking the tributary's flow into the Housatonic. The dam was successfully removed and the tributary restored in November 2013.
The second project is ongoing and involves cleanup of toxic PCB contaminants from the adjacent Housatonic River and the sanctuary grounds itself. Once initiated, this project is estimated to require 13 years to complete.

## Gallery

* Mallard hen in West Pond
* Mallard drake in West Pond
* Eastern Bluebird
* Wood duck
* White tailed deer, sunset
* Hooded merganser in West Pond
* Painted turtles
* Canada geese
* Black capped chickadee
* Great blue heron in West Pond
* Common Yellowthroat with prey.
# Mpack

Mpack may refer to:
* Mpack, Senegal, a border crossing with Guinea-Bissau
* MPack (software), a malware kit developed in Russia
* mpack (Unix), a command-line MIME encoding and decoding utility
# Chatom Union School District

Chatom Union School District is a school district based in Stanislaus County, California, United States. The district operates Chatom Pre-School, Chatom Elementary School (grades K–5), and Mountain View Middle School (grades 6–8).
# SkyCat

SkyCat (a portmanteau of "Sky Catamaran") is a class of proposed heavy-lift hybrid airships which derive more than half of their lift by helium buoyancy and the balance via aerodynamic lift produced by aerodynamic shaping. The SkyCat design incorporates hover cushion technology in place of wheels, allowing craft to take off and land anywhere, including remote regions without need for airports or sophisticated forward based infrastructure.
The SkyKitten, a 1/6 linear scale model of a SkyCat design was built and flown by Advanced Technologies Group (ATG) (now-defunct successor to Airship Industries) in the United Kingdom at Cardington.
"SkyFreighter" is the name given by the Hybrid Air Vehicles to one of its implementations of the SkyCat design. These are proposed to carry heavy-lift and ultra-heavy-lift cargo payloads from 50 tons net payload to as heavy as 1000 tons which may be a mix of outsized and/or containerized objects.
The Skycat is almost impervious to light ordnance, such as automatic rifle or mortar fire, which will merely pass through the metallized PET film envelope without causing critical helium loss.
SkyCat air vehicle developments are being pursued by at least one major aerospace company. DARPA concluded their "WALRUS" contract with industry to explore technology options that might be employed in such vehicles as SkyCat in CY-2006.
ATG went into administration in 2005 having produced only one airship, the SkyCat. SkyCat Group was formed and bought ATG's operations. In turn Hybrid Air Vehicles of the UK was formed acquiring the assets of SkyCat Group in 2007 to continue development of the concept.
# Cheltenham Township School District

The Cheltenham Township School District is a public school district serving Cheltenham Township in Montgomery County, Pennsylvania. The district is one of the 500 public school districts of Pennsylvania. The District encompasses approximately 9 square miles (23 km$^2$). According to 2020 federal census data, it serves a resident population of 37,452.
The district median family income in 2022 is $129,338, up from $76,792 in 2009.
According to 2017-21 ACS-ED data, the district serves a resident population of 37,331. The median household income is $96,136 versus a state median income of $67,587, and national median income of $69,021.

## Schools

The district operates seven schools.
* Cheltenham Elementary (K-4th) - Serves Cheltenham Village
* Wyncote Elementary (K-4th) - Serves Wyncote, and parts of Elkins Park
* Glenside Elementary (K-4th) - Serves Glenside
* Myers Elementary (K-4th) - Serves Melrose Park and La Mott
* Elkins Park Middle School (5th-6th) - Serves all communities
* Cedarbrook Middle School (7th-8th) - Serves all communities
* Cheltenham High School (9th-12th) - Serves all communities
# Carlos María de Heredia

Carlos María de Heredia (1872-1951) was a Mexican magician and Jesuit priest. He was a leading Catholic critic of spiritism.

## Biography

Heredia was born in Mexico City and spent his life investigating and exposing the tricks of spiritism. He worked as a professor at the College of the Holy Cross. At the Catholic Club of New York in 1920, he held a mock séance for five hundred people. He showed the audience how easily one could fake mediumship tricks such as the levitation of objects and how easily people can be fooled in the séance room. Heredia had revealed how the fake ectoplasm "spirit hand" was made by using a rubber glove, paraffin and a jar of cold water. The work of Heredia in debunking the tricks of fraudulent mediums has been praised by the skeptic Daniel Loxton.
His book Spiritism and Common Sense (1922) has been described as a "highly critical examination of paranormal phenomena."
Heredia was a friend with the magicians Harry Houdini and John Mulholland. In his Magician Among the Spirits (1924), Houdini cited a fraudulent method that Heredia had used to produce a spirit photograph.

## Publications

* Spiritism and Common Sense. New York: P.J. Kenedy & Sons. 1922. OCLC 421406262.
* True Spiritualism (1924)
* Los Fraudes Espiritistas y los Fenómenos Metapsíquicos (1931)
* The Quest of Ben Hered: Memoirs of a Reporter in the Time of Christ (1947)
# Chestnut Ridge School District

Chestnut Ridge School District is a school district in Bedford County, Pennsylvania, United States.

## Extracurriculars

The district offers a variety of clubs, activities and sports.

### Sports

The district funds:

#### Varsity

Middle school sports:
According to PIAA directory July 2015
# Maxime Prévot

Maxime Patrick Robert Albert Prévot (French pronunciation:; born 9 April 1978) is a Belgian politician of the Les Engagés party who has been serving as a Deputy Prime Minister and as the Minister of Foreign Affairs, European Affairs and Development Cooperation in the De Wever Government since february 2025. He previously served as the mayor of Namur from 2012 to 2025.

## Biography

Prévot was born in Mons in 1978 to a middle-class family. He spent part of his upbringing in Luxembourg. Prévot studied political science at the University of Namur and then completed a law conversion course at UCLouvain before working for PricewaterhouseCoopers.
Prévot first became involved in politics when he joined the youth chapter of the cdH in Namur. During the 2006 municipal elections in Belgium, he was elected as a councilor on the Provincial Council of Namur. In 2012, he succeeded Jacques Étienne [fr] as Mayor of Namur. In the 2014 Belgian regional elections, he was elected to the Parliament of Wallonia as the number one candidate for the Namur constituency list.
In January 2019, former cdH president Benoît Lutgen announced his intention to step down as leader. Prévot entered his name in the leadership race and was subsequently elected as the party's new president with 85% of the vote.
He was elected to the Chamber of Representatives in the 2024 Belgian federal election.

## Political positions

Prévot has been described as coming from the more centre-right camp of the cdH with some of his ideas being close to those of the Mouvement Réformateur. However, he has also described himself as holding progressive opinions on some issues.
Following poor results for the cdH during the 2019 elections, Prévot announced a plan to rejuvenate and reorganize the party, including updating its policies and changing its identity and branding. In 2022, the party announced it would change its name from the cdH to Les Engagés.