OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Martin Butcher

Martin Simon Butcher (born 19 May 1958) is a former English cricketer. He was a right-handed batsman. He was born at Thornton Heath, Surrey.
Butcher made a single first-class appearance for Surrey against Oxford University at the University Parks in 1982. He wasn't required to bat during the match, while with the ball he bowled one wicketless overs, with the match ending in a draw. This was his only major appearance for Surrey.
Butcher comes from a large extended family of cricketers. His brother, Alan, and nephew, Mark, both played Test cricket for England. His other brother, Ian, and nephew, Gary, both played first-class cricket. His niece, Bryony, has played women's cricket to a high level domestically.
# Kenneth Duffield

Kenneth Launcelot Duffield (31 May 1885 – 23 November 1958) was an Australian theatrical composer, writer and pastoralist.

## Early life

Kenneth Duffield was born on 31 May 1885, to a wealthy South Australian pastoral family. His grandfather was colonial politician Walter Duffield. He was educated at St Peter's College in Adelaide. Moving to England, Duffield graduated in Arts from Cambridge in 1906 and a diploma in agriculture the following year. At Cambridge he was part of the Footlights Club.

## Career

As a young man in England, Duffield composed words for songs with lyrics including by A. A. Milne and P. G. Wodehouse, and had a number of songs published. He returned to work at the family station Koonoona in South Australia for eight years.
Soon before the outbreak of World War I, Duffield returned to England. He enlisted and rose to be a captain in the Royal Warwick Regiment. He was said to have "entertained troops on a battered 80 franc French piano, which was carried in a 30 franc cart".
Between 1920 and 1922, Duffield contributed music for West End revues including Puss! Puss! (Vaudeville Theatre, 1921), Pot Luck (Vaudeville Theatre, 1921), A to Z (Prince of Wales Theatre, 1921) and Snap (Vaudeville Theatre, 1922).
He again returned to South Australia in 1922 to manage Koonoona following the death of his father. His musical comedy Hullo Healo was first presented in Adelaide in 1924 (as Healo) and at the Palace Theatre in Sydney in 1927.
In the late 1920s, he returned to London where he contributed to further musical revues.
Duffield published an autobiography Savages and Kings in 1946, and retired to Adelaide in 1948.
# Emeric Chantier

Emeric Chantier (born 1986, Montreuil) is a French sculptor. He integrates the place and the condition of humans in nature in a trans-generational, universal and atemporal fashion.

## Career

Chantier's career began in 2006 in workshops in teams of artists performing decorative works for architects, private individuals and prestigious brands. He learnt sculpture and integrated the techniques of "model making". He began producing works that borrowed from humanism, poetry, and commitment.

## Technique

Chantier is a self-taught artist who relies on molding and gluing techniques. Integrating dried vegetables and industrial and household materials, he assembles and diverts the elements to compose works that offer multiple readings, both in form and in meaning.
Chantier commented about his work:
   On the one hand, my work is linked to the nature and the relationship that man can have with the latter, a confrontation with our origins, an ecological awareness of the preciousness of our "mother nature" source of all life, a subject that is important to me and should, in my view, be part of a collective consciousness. On the other hand, it seems important to me not to fall into a moralizing discourse, simply to illustrate the entity of the living and confront it at times with the productions of man. These sculptures take the form of anatomical parts of man or his creations that furnish his daily life so that he can identify with them without yet becoming a target. These are simple poetic narratives that must speak for themselves. It is also important to show a work of meticulousness and quality, so that the observer after reading the general form, can approach it and forget it in order to get lost in a universe swarming with life.

## Exhibitions

* 2016: De Humanum Natura, A2Z Art Gallery, Paris, France
* 2016: "Art Paris Art Fair", represented among others by A2Z Art Gallery, Grand Palais, Paris, France
* 2016: Etat second, (collective exhibition, A2Z Art Gallery, Paris, France.
* 2015: "OFF Art Fair Bruxelles", Macadam Gallery, Belgium
* 2015: "9e élément", Macadam Gallery, Belgium
* 2015: St'art, Macadam Gallery, Belgium
* 2015: Macadam Gallery (collective exhibition),
* 2015: Belgique Galerie Sebban – exposition collective
* 2014: "OFF Art Fair Bruxelles", Macadam Gallery, Belgium
* 2014: Youngs & Contemporary, Macadam Gallery, Belgium
* 2014: Lille Art Up, Macadam Gallery, Belgium
* 2014: Summer of Colors, Macadam Gallery, Belgium
* 2013: MAC Paris, Espace Champerret
* 2013: AAF, Macadam Gallery, Belgium
* 2013: Galerie Arnaud Bard (collective exhibition), Boulogne-Billancourt, France
* 2013: Galerie 13 (collective exhibition), Montpellier, France
# Tony Bowick

Vantonio Bernard Bowick (born October 3, 1966) is an American former professional football player who played in the National Football League (NFL) and Arena Football League (AFL). He was selected by the Atlanta Falcons in the 12th round of the 1989 NFL draft.
Bowick attended Slocomb High School in Slocomb, Alabama and was a student and letterman in football, basketball, and baseball. Bowick played alongside former New York Jets running back Brad Baxter. He continued on to play college football at the University of Tennessee at Chattanooga.
Bowick played one season with the Falcons in the NFL (1989) and one season with the Birmingham Fire in the WLAF (1991–1992). He played 13 seasons in the AFL: Charlotte Rage (1993–1995), Albany Firebirds (1996–1997), Grand Rapids Rampage (1998–2001, 2005), Chicago Rush (2002–2003), Austin Wranglers (2004). He also coached briefly at Dale County High School in Alabama where he was let go after having an inappropriate relationship with at least one student.
# 1980–81 Algerian Championnat National

The 1980–81 Algerian Championnat National was the 19th season of the Algerian Championnat National since its establishment in 1962. A total of 15 teams contested the league, with JE Tizi-Ouzou as the defending champions, The Championnat started on September 5, 1980. and ended on June 12, 1981.

## Team summaries
### Promotion and relegation

Teams promoted from Algerian Division 2 1980–1981
* ISM Aïn Béïda
* USK Alger
* Chlef SO
Teams relegated to Algerian Division 2 1981–1982
* CN Batna
* ESM Guelma

## League table

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification or relegation |
| 1 | RS Kouba | 28 | 15 | 7 | 6 | 46 | 27 | +19 | 65 | League Champions, qualified for African Cup |
| 2 | JE Tizi-Ouzou | 28 | 15 | 6 | 7 | 50 | 28 | +22 | 64 | |
| 3 | EP Sétif | 28 | 14 | 7 | 7 | 44 | 28 | +16 | 63 | |
| 4 | USM El Harrach | 28 | 13 | 7 | 8 | 33 | 22 | +11 | 61 | |
| 5 | MP Alger | 28 | 13 | 4 | 11 | 47 | 42 | +5 | 58 | |
| 6 | MA Hussein Dey | 29 | 12 | 6 | 11 | 36 | 35 | +1 | 58 | |
| 7 | DNC Alger | 28 | 8 | 12 | 8 | 39 | 35 | +4 | 56 | |
| 8 | ESM Bel-Abbès | 28 | 10 | 8 | 10 | 35 | 36 | −1 | 56 | |
| 9 | MP Oran | 28 | 9 | 10 | 9 | 34 | 37 | −3 | 56 | |
| 10 | WKF Collo | 28 | 8 | 10 | 10 | 35 | 42 | −7 | 54 | |
| 11 | ASC Oran | 28 | 8 | 9 | 11 | 26 | 36 | −10 | 53 | |
| 12 | CM Belcourt | 28 | 6 | 12 | 10 | 36 | 45 | −9 | 52 | |
| 13 | GCR Mascara | 28 | 7 | 10 | 11 | 33 | 45 | −12 | 52 | |
| 14 | CN Batna | 28 | 8 | 4 | 16 | 28 | 46 | −18 | 48 | Relegated |
| 15 | ESM Guelma | 28 | 8 | 1 | 19 | 27 | 38 | −11 | 45 | Relegated |
| 16 | DNC Asnam | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
* ↑ 1 point deducted?

## Season statistics
### Top scorers

| Rank | Scorer | Club | Goals |
| 1 | Noureddine Meghichi | RS Kouba | 16 |
| 2 | Salah Assad | RS Kouba | 15 |
| 3 | Nasser Bouiche | MP Alger | 14 |
# T. Velmurugan

T. Velmurugan is an Indian politician and Member of the Legislative Assembly of Tamil Nadu. He was elected to the Tamil Nadu legislative assembly as a Pattali Makkal Katchi candidate from Panruti constituency in the 2001 and 2006 elections. He is considered to be a Tamil nationalist. He is the founder of Tamizhaga Vazhvurimai Katchi (TAVK) party.

## Early life

Velmurugan was born in 1970 in Puliyur Kattusagai village, Kurinchipadi circle, Cuddalore district as the fifth child of Thirunavukkarasu, Tanakkodi, in a farming family.
At age 15, he was inspired by the Tamil Nadu Liberation Force and attended their meetings and events. In 1987, the government attacked the Tamil Nadu Liberation Force, and Velmurugan and his family fled to Chennai.

## Politics

He entered politics as the Tiruvottiyur city secretary of the PMK.
He was fielded as the candidate of Thiruvettiyur in the assembly elections held on 24 June 1996 and became the State Youth Secretary.
After Panruti Ramachandran left the party, Velmurugan won the post of Unified Cuddalore District Secretary. He then became the candidate in Panruti Assembly elections in 2001, which he won, and was re-elected in 2006.
Velmurugan founded Tamizhaga Vazhvurimai Katchi, a Tamil Nadu political party. The Gangaikondan police registered a case against Velmurugan and 32 other TVK cadres after agitation organized by them against the upcoming unit of Pepsi at the SIPCOT Industrial Growth Centre in Gangaikondan on 27 October 2015.

## Elections

| Election | Party | Constituency | Result | Votes gained | % |
| 1996 Tamilnadu Legislative Assembly Election | PMK | Thiruvottiyur | Lost | 4,559 | 2.52% |
| 2001 Tamilnadu Legislative Assembly Election | PMK | Panruti | Won | 45,963 | 37.67% |
| 2006 Tamilnadu Legislative Assembly Election | PMK | Panruti | Won | 54,653 | 38.18 |
| 2011 Tamilnadu Legislative Assembly Election | PMK | Neyveli | Lost | 61,431 | 44.72% |
| 2016 Tamilnadu Legislative Assembly Election | Tamizhaga Vazhvurimai Katchi | Neyveli | Lost | 30,523 | 19.17% |
| 2021 Tamilnadu Legislative Assembly Election | DMK | Panruti | Won | 93,801 | 47.6% |
# Ray Demmitt

Charles Raymond Demmitt (February 2, 1884 – February 19, 1956) was a professional baseball player who played outfielder in the Major Leagues from 1909-1919 for the New York Highlanders, St. Louis Browns, Detroit Tigers, and Chicago White Sox.
Demmitt was born in Illiopolis, Illinois and died in Glen Ellyn, Illinois. He went to college at University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign and Rose–Hulman Institute of Technology.
# Underlying representation

In some models of phonology as well as morphophonology in the field of linguistics, the underlying representation (UR) or underlying form (UF) of a word or morpheme is the abstract form that a word or morpheme is postulated to have before any phonological rules have been applied to it. In contrast, a surface representation is the phonetic representation of the word or sound. The concept of an underlying representation is central to generative grammar.
If more phonological rules apply to the same underlying form, they can apply wholly independently of each other or in a feeding or counterbleeding order. The underlying representation of a morpheme is considered to be invariable across related forms (except in cases of suppletion), despite alternations among various allophones on the surface.

## Examples

In many cases, the underlying form is simply the phonemic form. For example, in many varieties of American English, the phoneme /t/ in a word like wet can surface either as an unreleased stop [t̚] or as a flap [ɾ], depending on environment: [wɛt] wet vs. [ˈwɛɾɚ] wetter. (In both cases, however, the underlying representation of the morpheme wet is the same: its phonemic form /wɛt/.)
Phonological rules may change the phonemes involved. In such cases, pipes ("|") or double slashes may be used in transcription to distinguish the underlying form from its phonemic realization. For example, the word "cats" has the phonemic representation /kæts/. If it is assumed that the underlying form of the English plural suffix is a [z] sound, the underlying form of "cats" would be //kætz//. (The [z] surfaces as an [s] because of the phonological process of devoicing after an unvoiced consonant.)
Sandhi, such as tone sandhi in Chinese, is another phonological process that changes the phonemes of a morpheme from its underlying form.
# Lake Pat Cleburne

Lake Pat Cleburne is the municipal water reservoir for the city of Cleburne, Texas, as well as a recreational lake for residents. Lake Pat Cleburne is owned and operated by the City of Cleburne. It was built as the city's water supply and was impounded in 1964. U.S. Highway 67 crosses over the north end of the lake.

## Description

Lake Pat Cleburne was formed by damming the Nolan River, which continues below the lake's dam. The water's normal clarity is murky or stained due to sediment. The maximum depth of the lake is 33 feet, with a storage capacity of 26,008 acre-feet. The length of the shoreline is 15.3 miles at 733.5 feet above sea level. Originally named the Cleburne Reservoir, it was later renamed to specifically reference Confederate general Patrick Cleburne.

## Fish Populations

This lake is the habitat of many sport fish, including Blue Catfish, Channel Catfish, Flathead Catfish, Largemouth Bass, White Bass, White Crappie, and Black Crappie. It also maintains a population of prey species including Gizzard Shad, Threadfin Shad, Bluegill, Longear Sunfish, and Redear Sunfish. In 2023, all catfish and crappie were had the highest on record catch rates, while bass and prey fish were all found below historical averages.

## Aquatic Vegetation

Lake Pat Cleburne is the habitat of Water willow, cattail, bulrush, and buttonbush.

## Recreational Areas

Cleburne State Park is approximately 10 miles (16 km) away from Lake Pat Cleburne.
# Church of St John the Evangelist, Elkstone

The Anglican Church of St John the Evangelist at Elkstone in the Cotswold District of Gloucestershire, England, was built in the 12th century. It is a grade I listed building.

## History

The church nave, chancel and central tower was built in 1160. In the 13th century the tower was removed and the roof raised adding a columbarium or dovecote. A new three-stage tower was built in the 15th century.
The parish is part of the Churn Valley benefice within the Diocese of Gloucester.
In 2017 an "eco-loo" or composting toilet was installed and opened by the Bishop of Tewkesbury.

## Architecture

The limestone building has stone slate roofs. It consists of a nave, Chancel, south porch and west tower. The columbarium has pigeon holes in the north and east walls.
Some of the arches and vaults provide import remnants of Romanesque architecture. The south doorway of the nave has a Norman tympanum with a carving of a seated Christ on a cushioned throne, holding the Book of Judgement in his left hand and giving a blessing with his right. The chancel arch has a Norman chevron pattern.
The tower houses six bells with the oldest dating from 1657. Around the church are a collection of gargoyles and grotesques.
Inside the church are box pews and a wooden Jacobean hexagonal pulpit dating from 1609.
# Nate Watson

Junathaen D. "Nate" Watson Jr. (born October 19, 1998) is an American basketball player for Casademont Zaragoza of the Spanish Liga ACB. He played college basketball for the Providence Friars.

## High school career

Watson played basketball for Capitol Christian Academy in Upper Marlboro, Maryland before moving to Bishop O'Connell High School in Arlington, Virginia. His transfer was hindered by a financial dispute involving his former school, causing him to miss three days of school. At Bishop O'Connell, Watson was a two-time First Team All-Washington Catholic Athletic Conference selection. He competed for DC Premier on the Amateur Athletic Union circuit. A consensus four-star recruit, he committed to playing college basketball for Providence over offers from Maryland, NC State and Miami (Florida).

## College career

As a freshman at Providence, Watson averaged 6.8 points and 1.9 rebounds per game and was named to the Big East All-Freshman Team. In his sophomore season, he averaged 11.7 points and 5.2 rebounds per game. He missed the beginning of his junior season with a knee injury, averaging nine points and 4.6 rebounds per game. Watson assumed a leading role in his senior season. On February 6, 2021, he recorded a career-high 30 points and eight rebounds in a 92–81 loss to St. John's. As a senior, Watson averaged 16.9 points and 6.7 rebounds per game, earning Second Team All-Big East honors. He opted to return to Providence for a fifth season, using an extra year of eligibility granted due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Watson was again named to the Second Team All-Big East.

## Professional career
### ERA Basketball Nymburk (2022–2023)

On August 3, 2022, he signed with ERA Nymburk of the Czech National Basketball League.

### AS Karditsa Iaponiki (2024–2025)

On June 26, 2024, Watson signed with Greek club Karditsa. On December 3, 2024, Watson received a Hoops Agents Player of the Week award for Round 8. He had a game-high 22 points and 9 rebounds.

### Casademont Zaragoza (2025–present)

On February 10, 2025, Watson signed with Basket Zaragoza of the Liga ACB until 2027. He was brought in the club as a replacement for Jilson Bango.

## National team career

Watson represented the United States at the 2019 Pan American Games in Peru, helping his team win the bronze medal.

## Career statistics
### College

| Year | Team | GP | GS | MPG | FG% | 3P% | FT% | RPG | APG | SPG | BPG | PPG |
| 2017–18 | Providence | 35 | 9 | 13.8 | .595 | – | .696 | 1.9 | .1 | .2 | .7 | 6.8 |
| 2018–19 | Providence | 34 | 20 | 23.5 | .590 | .000 | .652 | 5.2 | .4 | .3 | .7 | 11.7 |
| 2019–20 | Providence | 27 | 13 | 18.9 | .511 | – | .565 | 4.6 | .5 | .6 | .6 | 9.0 |
| 2020–21 | Providence | 26 | 26 | 32.3 | .602 | – | .627 | 6.7 | .7 | .3 | 1.0 | 16.9 |
| 2021–22 | Providence | 33 | 33 | 28.0 | .548 | – | .583 | 5.2 | .5 | .3 | .7 | 13.3 |
| Career | Career | 155 | 101 | 22.9 | .570 | .000 | .623 | 4.6 | .4 | .3 | .7 | 11.3 |
# Mlungisi Makhanya

Mlungisi Makhanya (born 24 August 1978) is a Swazi politician and human rights defender. He is the president of the People's United Democratic Movement. He previously served as Secretary General of the party during the presidency of longtime leader Mario Masuku.

## Arrest

On 24 April 2014 Makhanya was arrested and charged for giving support to a proscribed terrorist entity, the People's United Democratic Movement (PUDEMO), chanting terrorist slogans, wearing white T-shirts with PUDEMO written on it, wearing red and black PUDEMO berets, and reflecting terrorist demands at the back. This was after a protest outside the Mbabane High Court during the 2014 trial of human rights lawyer and former secretary general of PUDEMO Thulani Maseko. On 29 August 2014 Mlungisi together with Thulani Maseko, Mario Masuku, Maxwell Dlamini and others successfully challenged the constitutionality of the Sedition and Subversive Activities Act of 1938 and the Suppression of Terrorism Act of 2008, which were used to arrest and charge him. The state however appealed the decision of the High Court and the Supreme Court upheld the Sedition and Subversive Activities and Suppression of Terrorism acts.

## Arson attack

On 20 September 2022 he survived an arson attack on his home with a hand grenade. The damage to the property is estimated at E1.5 million. The attack was condemned by South African political parties and trade unions including the Economic Freedom Fighters, the National Union of Metalworkers of South Africa, Amnesty International and SouthernDefenders. The Tibiyo Taka Ngwane owned newspaper, the Eswatini Observer labelled the arson attack an attack of convenience and characterized the accusation of the state for the attack as nonsensical.

## Poisoning

On 24 September 2024 it was reported that Makhanya, who had been exiled in South Africa since the 2022 arson attack which destroyed his Eswatini home, had been poisoned while inside his house in Pretoria. Mlungisi Makhanya was poisoned with organophosphates – chemicals used for pest control. The attempted assassination was condemned by the International Commission of Jurists who called on the South African Police Service to conduct a "prompt, thorough, and impartial investigation into the circumstances of Makhanya’s incapacitation, and to bring to justice any persons determined to be responsible". The poisoning attracted widespread condemnation in South Africa including from the ruling African National Congress, Economic Freedom Fighters, and the Congress of South African Trade Unions.
# Shrouds of the Night

Shrouds of the Night is a book from the astronomy genre.
The book was written at the Mount Stromlo Observatory in 2007 by David Block and Ken Freeman. It is a timetable of astronomical photography from 1826 to the present day.
Much of the content of this book is published here for the first time. Two examples of this are: one from Arizona's Lowell Observatory and another from the Royal Astronomical Society of London.
# Caden Pierce

Caden Spencer Pierce is an American college basketball player for the Princeton Tigers who was named the 2024 Ivy League Player of the Year.

## Early life and high school career

Pierce grew up in Glen Ellyn, Illinois and attended Glenbard West High School. He averaged 12.7 points, 5.3 rebounds, 3.9 assists, 3.2 steals, and 4.5 blocks per game as a senior as the Hilltoppers went 37–1 and won the Class 4A IHSA State Championship. Pierce committed to playing college basketball for Princeton over offers from Loyola (Maryland) and St. Thomas (Minnesota). He also played golf at Glenbard West and was an All-West Suburban Conference as a junior and senior.

## College career

Pierce entered his freshman season at Princeton as the Tigers' starting small forward. He was named the Ivy League Rookie of the Year at the end of the season. Pierce led the Tigers with eight rebounds in the team's 59–55 upset win over 2-seed Arizona in the first round of the 2023 NCAA tournament and made two free throws at the end of the game. He scored nine points and grabbed 16 rebounds in Princeton's second round 78–63 win over Missouri. As a freshman, Pierce averaged 8.2 points, 7.3 rebounds, and 1.2 assists per game and won the Ivy League Rookie of the Year.

## Career statistics
### College

| Year | Team | GP | GS | MPG | FG% | 3P% | FT% | RPG | APG | SPG | BPG | PPG |
| 2022–23 | Princeton | 32 | 31 | 29.9 | .426 | .325 | .650 | 7.3 | 1.2 | .7 | .6 | 8.2 |

## Personal life

Both of Pierce's parents were athletes at Northwestern University, with his father playing football and his mother playing volleyball. His older brother, Alec Pierce, plays wide receiver in the National Football League for the Indianapolis Colts. Another brother, Justin, played college basketball at William & Mary and North Carolina and currently plays professionally in Europe.
# Edgar Davis (golfer)

Edgar Davis (October 7, 1873 – April 23, 1927) was an American golfer. He competed in the men's individual event at the 1904 Summer Olympics.