OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Dennis Lam

Dennis Lam Shun-chiu, JP (Chinese: 林順潮; born 26 November 1959) is a prominent Hong Kong ophthalmologist, businessman and politician. He has been a Hong Kong deputy to the National People's Congress (NPC) since 2008 and a member of the Election Committee.

## Biography

Lam was born in Hong Kong on 26 November 1959 and was educated at the King's College and was graduated from the University of Hong Kong with a Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery in 1984 and became a Fellow of the Hong Kong Academy of Medicine. He became chairman of the Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences at the Chinese University of Hong Kong since 1998.
He founded the C-MER Eye Care Holdings and became the company's chairman and chief executive. By 2017, C-MER Eye Care had eight ophthalmologists in Hong Kong and 24 physicians at Shenzhen hospital which brought him more than HK$80 million revenue in 2016.
He was awarded Ten Outstanding Young Persons Selection of Hong Kong in 1994 and Ten Outstanding Young Persons of the World in 1995. He was first elected to the Election Committee through the Medical Subsector in 1998 and was elected again in 2006. In the 2008 election, he was elected as Hong Kong deputy of the National People's Congress (NPC) in 2008 and became an ex officio member of the Election Committee since 2008. He was picked as one of the torchbearers in the 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay in Hong Kong.
During the historic 2019 pro-democracy protests, Lam and few hundreds Hong Kong doctors and nurses signed a letter expressing support for the Hong Kong Police Force's crackdown on the protesters, as a counter campaign against a group of medical workers staged a protest against the police brutality.
Lam first ran in the Legislative Council election in 2000 in the Medical functional constituency but was defeated by Lo Wing-lok. He became one of the 51 candidates running in the 40-seat Election Committee in the newly overhauled 90-seat Legislative Council of Hong Kong in the 2021 election.
Though Hong Kong medical schools teach in English, Lam in July 2022 criticized the requirement that English be the language of instruction for a program that recruits doctors from medical schools outside of Hong Kong.

## Personal life

He married Li Xiaoting, a participant of the 2004 Miss Chinese International Pageant who is 19 years younger than him.
On 5 January 2022, Carrie Lam announced new warnings and restrictions against social gathering due to potential COVID-19 outbreaks. One day later, it was discovered that Lam attended a birthday party hosted by Witman Hung Wai-man, with 222 guests. At least one guest tested positive with COVID-19, causing all guests to be quarantined. Lam was warned by Legislative Council president Andrew Leung to not attend any meetings until after finishing his last mandatory COVID-19 test on 22 January 2022. However, he decided to attend the meeting on 19 January 2022, against Leung's orders.
In November 2022, he tested positive for COVID-19.
# Sheldon Gang

The Sheldon Gang was a Chicago criminal gang during the early years of Prohibition known for being the main rivals of the Saltis-McErlane Gang and the Southside O'Donnell Brothers. The gang's primary activities included bootlegging and hijacking of trucks and alcohol shipments.

## History

The gang was founded by Ralph Sheldon in the months following the passage of the Volstead Act and it quickly became one of major liquor suppliers in Chicago's Southwest Side as well as a main supplier to Al Capone. The gang maintained an uneasy truce with the other rival gangs, until 1923, when a brief gang war broke out between the Sheldon Gang and the Southside O'Donnells until O'Donnell leader Edward O'Donnell was forced to leave Chicago after being severely wounded, by Frank McErlane, during a drive-by shooting on September 25, 1925.
Once the O'Donnells were eliminated, the Saltis-McErlane Gang, former allies of the Sheldon Gang, continued attacking the Sheldon Gang and by April of the following year the gang had lost their two top distributors, Frank DeLaurentis and John Tucillo. In October, a general amnesty had been ordered between Al Capone's Chicago Outfit and Bugs Moran's North Side Gang. However on December 30 Sheldon Gang member Hillory Clements was killed by the Saltis-McErlane Gang and in retaliation the Sheldon Gang killed Saltis gunmen Charlie Hubacek and Frank Koncil on March 11, 1927.
Joe Saltis soon went to Capone who, in exchange for a large percentage of his profits, would negotiate peace between the two. During the later years of Prohibition the Sheldon Gang was suspected of supplying liquor to Capone rival Bugs Moran's North Side Gang. In the closing days of Prohibition and with the emergence of Lucky Luciano's National Crime Syndicate the Sheldon Gang, like most of the remaining bootlegging gangs, were absorbed into the syndicate by 1932.
Sometime in the 1930s, the Sheldons dropped a bomb from an airplane into an ice cream store, in Creve Coeur, Illinois.
# Great Buddha (Bodh Gaya)

The Great Buddha statue is one of the popular stops on the Buddhist pilgrimage and tourist routes in Bodh Gaya, Bihar (India). The statue is 18.5 m (61 ft) high representing the Buddha seated in a meditation pose, or dhyana mudra, on a lotus in the open air. The total height of the construction is 80 ft (24 m) of which the Buddha makes up 64 ft (20 m), the lotus on which the Buddha sits 5 ft (1.5 m) and the lower pedestal 10 ft (3.0 m). The construction's width is nearly 60 ft (18 m) at its maximum. The statue was designed by V. Ganapati Sthapati and took seven years to complete using the labor of 12,000 stonemasons. It is constructed from a combination of sandstone and red granite blocks. A hollow spiral staircase inside the statue leads from the ground up to the chest. Shelves on the interior walls display 16,300 small bronze images of the Buddha. The Great Buddha statue is located in a garden at the end of Temple Street and is surrounded by smaller sculptures of Buddha's ten principal disciples, five on each side. The Great Buddha was possibly the largest Buddha statue in India at the time and was consecrated on 18 November 1989 by the 14th Dalai Lama. The foundation stone for the statue was laid in 1982.
# Aidan Parker

Aidan William John Parker (born 25 January 1983) is an Australian rules footballer who is the current captain of the Subiaco Football Club in the West Australian Football League (WAFL). He was previously rookie-listed with the Adelaide Football Club in Australian Football League (AFL), and also played matches for South Adelaide and Glenelg in the South Australian National Football League (SANFL). Parker has played in three premierships for Subiaco, and also represented Western Australia in four interstate matches.

## Career

Originally playing for Carine Junior Football Club, Parker made his senior WAFL debut for Subiaco against Perth in round one of the 2001 season. He was recruited by Adelaide in the AFL with pick 45 in the 2003 Rookie Draft, and assigned to South Australian National Football League (SANFL) club South Adelaide. Parker did not play a senior game for Adelaide in 2003, but played every game for South Adelaide. He requested a transfer midway through the 2004 season citing lack of opportunity at South Adelaide, and was transferred to Glenelg, where he played the remainder of the season. He was de-listed by Adelaide at the end of the 2004 season, and returned to Subiaco.
Parker was appointed a vice-captain of Subiaco for the 2005 season, and played 22 games for the season, including the Lions' grand final loss against South Fremantle. Parker played every game at Subiaco between 2006 and 2009, including the club's 2006, 2007 and 2008 premiership victories. He was appointed co-captain of the club in 2009, alongside Brad Smith and Kyal Horsley, and participated in the club's grand final loss to South Fremantle. He was appointed sole captain of the club for the 2010 season, and continued this role until his retirement at the end of the 2013 season. During this time he played over 150 consecutive WAFL games. Parker played representative football for the WAFL in 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009 and 2012, and captained Subiaco in the 2011 WAFL Grand Final.
# Two Nice Jewish Boys

Two Nice Jewish Boys is a weekly Israeli English-language podcast. It is hosted by Naor Meningher and Eytan Weinstein. The podcast is about Israeli life, society, and politics, and has hosted a number of prominent guests. The podcast claims to be Israel's longest-running English-language podcast.

## History

Two Nice Jewish Boys was established in 2016 by Naor Meningher and Eytan Weinstein. Meningher, an independent film maker who grew up in Israel, and Weinstien, who moved to Israel from Birmingham, Alabama around 2007, met at Tel Aviv University's Steve Tisch School of Film and Television. Speaking to The Jerusalem Post in 2017, Meningher stated that his motivation to start the podcast were "Zionism and his love for Israel"; Weinstein felt that an English-language podcast would benefit people who had recently moved to Israel. Both said that Two Nice Jewish Boys was also aimed at the Jewish community outside Israel. Since 2017, the podcast has been hosted on The Jewish Journal.
The success of Two Nice Jewish Boys, which is self-funded, led to the creation of The Melting Podcast, which is hosted by Meningher and published by the Israeli Public Broadcasting Corporation, in 2017. The Melting Podcast is likewise aimed at English-speaking immigrants to Israel.
The podcast has hosted a number of high-profile guests, including Michael Oren, Dan Shechtman, Chaim Topol, Ania Bukstein, Tamar Zandberg, Robert Aumann, Deborah Lipstadt, Uri Geller, and Moshe Koppel.

## Controversies
### 2021 response to John Oliver

In 2021, John Oliver criticised Israel's response to rocket fire from Gaza on Last Week Tonight, noting an imbalance of power between Israel and Palestine. Weinstein posted a negative response to Oliver's criticism on the Two Nice Jewish Boys YouTube channel. The video was removed for violating YouTube's hate speech policy, but later reinstated.

### 2024 comments on the war in Gaza

In September 2024, Two Nice Jewish Boys drew criticism for an episode about the war in Gaza. In the episode Weinstein stated that “if you gave me a button to just erase Gaza, every single living being in Gaza would no longer be living tomorrow, I would press it in a second.”, and claimed that this reflected the feelings of Israelis in general. The clip was later set to private. In an online argument, Weinstein denied that this was a call for genocide, and called his statement a "hypothetical". Around the same time, X removed a tweet from the podcast's account calling for the destruction of Gaza.
# Ukrain

Ukrain (Ukrainian: Україн; also called celandine) is the trademarked name of a semi-synthetic substance derived from the plant Chelidonium majus and promoted as a drug to treat cancer and viral infections, including HIV and hepatitis. It was created in 1978, by the famed Ukrainian chemist Vasyl Novytskyi [uk] (Ukrainian: Василь Новицький). Ukrain is named after the nation of Ukraine and is produced by the Austrian company Nowicky Pharma.
According to the American Cancer Society and the Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, there is no evidence that Ukrain is an effective cancer treatment.

## Evidence

In 2005, Edzard Ernst led a review into evidence of the effectiveness of Ukrain. Although the review found evidence suggesting the drug was effective, it also concluded that "numerous caveats prevent a positive conclusion". Commenting on the review some years later, Ernst wrote on his blog that the results they were examining had seemed "too good to be true" – and on investigation the trials were very small in size, often seemed to include Novytskyi himself, and had significant methodological flaws. However, despite the cautious conclusion given, "this article became much cited. ... [Novytskyi] must have been delighted".
The Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center says that clinical trials have yet to prove safety and effectiveness of Ukrain. The American Cancer Society stated that, as of 2013, "available scientific evidence does not support claims that celandine is effective in treating cancer in humans". It may however be responsible for some adverse side-effects including hepatitis and allergic skin reactions.

## Legal incidents

Ukrain is not approved by the US Food and Drug Administration. On September 4, 2012, several people including Vasyl Novytskyi, the drug's developer, were arrested in Austria for distributing the drug under suspicion of commercial fraud. Novytskyi appeared in Vienna regional court again in January 2015 for selling Ukrain, earning an estimated 1.1 million euros through fraud by changing labels on expired vials. In March 2015, two co-defendants of Novytskyi were exonerated for commercial fraud, while legal proceedings continue for Novytskyi.
From October 2013 to April 2014, a licensed naturopath in Tucson, Arizona, Michael Uzick, was using Ukrain in his practice to treat cancer patients. He was reported to the Arizona authorities by Britt Marie Hermes, who discovered while working for Uzick that the unapproved drug was being imported. Uzick was given a letter of reprimand by the Arizona Naturopathic Physicians Medical Board.
# Bill Monaghan

Bill Monaghan (born 28 August 1968) is the current coach of the East Fremantle Football Club and a former player for the Subiaco Lions and Peel Thunder. He previously coached West Perth from 2009 until 2018.
Monaghan played 204 games for Subiaco and Peel, captained Peel, and represented Western Australia at fullback.
He coached the Lions reserves to premierships in 2003 and 2005, and was an assistant coach under Peter German during the Lions' 2004 and 2006 premierships. When German stepped down in 2006, both German and most senior players favoured Monaghan to take over as senior coach, but the club board instead chose Scott Watters. In 2007 and 2008, Monaghan joined the Fremantle Football Club in a development role. He was appointed senior coach of West Perth for 2009, taking the team to the finals in his first year. Days after leading West Perth to the 2018 WAFL Grand Final, which they lost to Subiaco, Monaghan was sacked as West Perth's coach. He then took the vacant head coaching position at East Fremantle, where he led the Sharks to victory in the 2023 WAFL Grand Final, breaking a 25-year premiership drought.
# Raja Vardan

Raja Vardan is an Indian actor primarily working in Kannada cinema.

## Personal life and career

Raja Vardan is the son of actor Dingri Nagaraj. He made his debut in the multi-starrer film Noorondu Nenapu (2017). Rajavardan then took on the lead role in the historical period film Bicchugatti: Chapter 1 − Dalvayi Dange. In 2024 he collaborated with director S. Dattatreya for the romantic drama Pranayam. That same year another film of his, Hiranya directed by Prawin Avyukth, was released. Raja Vardan's upcoming film Gajarama is scheduled to be released at the end of 2024.

## Filmography

Films
| Year | Film | Role |
| 2020 | Bicchugatti: Chapter 1 − Dalvayi Dange | Brahamanna Nayaka |
| 2024 | Pranayam | Gautham |
| 2024 | Hiranya | Raana |
| TBA | Gajarama † | TBA |
# Eddie Kolar

Edward Frank Kolar (April 30, 1909 – March 5, 1988) was an American professional basketball player. He played for the Sheboygan Red Skins in the National Basketball League for one game during the 1938–39 season.
He was the brother of Otto Kolar, who played alongside him during Eddie's one game stint for the Red Skins.
# Gene Pingatore

Eugene Louis Pingatore (October 25, 1936 – June 26, 2019) was an American basketball coach who served as the head boys' basketball coach at St. Joseph High School in Westchester, Illinois, a suburb of Chicago. In 50 seasons as head coach at St. Joseph, he compiled a record of 1,035–383—the most wins of any Illinois high school basketball coach—and led his teams to two Illinois High School Boys Basketball Championships, in 1999 and 2015. In the late 1970s, Pingatore mentored Isiah Thomas, who went on to star in college basketball for the Indiana Hoosiers and in the National Basketball Association (NBA) for the Detroit Pistons. Pingatore was also featured in the 1994 documentary film Hoop Dreams, which followed the lives of William Gates and Arthur Agee, who played for Pingatore at St. Joseph.
Pingatore was born on October 25, 1936, in Cicero, Illinois. He attended Providence St. Mel School in the East Garfield Park area of Chicago, where he played on the school's basketball team, which won Chicago Catholic League and city championships in 1954. After high school, Pingatore went to Loyola University of Los Angeles—now known as Loyola Marymount University—where he played college basketball, lettering for the Loyola Lions from 1954 to 1958. Following his graduation from Loyola, Pingatore returned to the Chicago-area and was hired as freshman basketball coach at St. Joseph when the school opened in 1960. He succeeded Pat Callahan as head coach in 1969.
Pingatore died at his home, in Westchester, on June 26, 2019.
# Evergestis extimalis

Evergestis extimalis is a species of moth of the family Crambidae. It is found in the Palearctic.
The wingspan is 27–31 mm. The forewings are pale ochreous-yellow, darker terminally; lines and discal spot hardly darker, marked with a few fuscous dots; a brown terminal suffusion, more or less strongly dilated towards middle;cilia fuscous. Hindwings prismatic yellow -whitish; termen yellower, brownish-tinged. The larva is pale yellow; dorsal line darker; lateral pale purple; spots on lateral line black; head black.
The moth flies from June to September depending on the location.
The larvae feed on Brassicaceae species preferring the seed-heads.
# Evergestis pallidata

Evergestis pallidata is a species of moth of the family Crambidae described by Johann Siegfried Hufnagel in 1811. It is found in Europe, across the Palearctic and in North America.
The wingspan is 24–29 mm. The ground colour of the front wings is a shiny yellow with brown-red transverse lines, stigmata and veins that create a mesh pattern. The hind wings are dazzlingly white with some incomplete brown lines. The moth flies from June to September depending on the location.
The larvae feed on Brassicaceae species, especially Barbarea vulgaris.
# Agriphila straminella

Agriphila straminella is a species of moth of the family Crambidae. It was described by Michael Denis and Ignaz Schiffermüller in 1775 and is found in Europe and east across the Palearctic.
The wingspan is 16–20 mm. The forewings are brown; a whitish median streak, ending in branches along veins 2-5, often separated by dark fuscous scales; dorsal 2/3 often wholly suffused with whitish-ochreous; a terminal series of black dots; cilia metallic. Hindwings are rather dark grey. The larva is pale pinkish-ochreous; spots brown; head and plate of 2 brown, darker-marked
The moth flies from June to September depending on the location.
The larvae feed on various grasses, such as sheep's fescue (Festuca ovina), smooth meadowgrass (Poa pratensis), and wheat (Triticum aestivum).
# Coleophora versurella

Coleophora versurella is a moth of the family Coleophoridae. It was described by Philipp Christoph Zeller in 1849.

## Description

The wingspan is 11–15 mm.The forewings are yellow. Several other species of Coleophora look similar and are only to be identified by reference to the genitalia.
Adults are on wing from June to September. The larvae feed on orache (Atriplex species) and goosefoot (Chenopodium species). Other recorded food plants include sea purslane (Halimione portulacoides) and Amaranthus.

## Distribution

It is found everywhere in Europe except for Iceland and Luxembourg. It has also been recorded from Argentina, India, the United Arab Emirates and Oman.
# Scott Meyer (baseball)

Scott William Meyer (born August 19, 1957) is a former catcher in Major League Baseball. He played for the Oakland Athletics in 1978.
# Shufti Chaudhri

Iftikhar Ahmad Chaudhri (8 January 1920 – 2 June 2015) better known as Shufti, was a Pakistan Army officer with prior service in the British Indian Army, who served as an intelligence officer during the Italian campaign (World War II).
Awarded the Military Cross in June 1944, Chaudhri displayed exemplary leadership in January of that year. While serving near Arielli, a village south of Pescara, he braved intense enemy attacks, including locating missing personnel, leading his men against the Germans at close range, and orchestrating a successful withdrawal under heavy fire. Chaudhri's actions described in the citation for the Immediate MC, showcased the finest traditions of Indian fighting men.

## Early life and family

Iftikhar Ahmad Chaudhri was born on 8 January 1920 in Kharian, British India, to Chaudhri Fazal Ahmad, a tehsildar from Jalalpur Jattan. Iftikhar belonged to a prominent Warraich Jat family of Gujrat district. He attended the Aligarh Muslim University and in 1941, he graduated from Government College, Lahore.
He married Farkhanda Akhtar in 1945, they had four sons and a daughter. Farkhanda passed away sometime before Chaudhri.

## Military career

He enlisted into the British Indian Army and completed officer training in Bangalore. He was commissioned into the 4th Battalion, 16th Punjab Regiment in 1942. He saw action during the Italian campaign towards the end of the war for which he was awarded the British Military Cross.
After doing staff course at Staff College, Quetta, he was posted GSO Grade 1 of Military Operations to GHQ, Rawalpindi.
Additionally, he wrote a paper on the defence of the Middle East against Soviet aggression. The paper was discussed at the SEATO Military Advisors Conference in Melbourne, Australia. The report was well received by the Ministry of Defence Main Building in London.
Chaudhri opted for Pakistan after the Partition of British India in 1947 and transferred his service to the Pakistan Army. He served in Baghdad as military attaché from 1961 to 1964 and during the Indo-Pakistani War of 1965, he became Assistant Adjutant Quartermaster general for his division in Kashmir. He retired in 1968.

## Later life and death

After retiring, he setup a successful trading company. He resided in Lahore, Pakistan and died on 2 June 2015.
# Beast of Burden

Beast of Burden may refer to:
* Beast of burden, a working animal
** Pack animal
* "Beast of Burden" (song), by The Rolling Stones, 1978
* Beast of Burden (film), a 2018 American film
* "Beast of Burden", a 2001 TV episode of Stargate SG-1 season 5
* Beast of Burden, a miniature figure by Martian Metals
* Beasts of Burden, a comic book miniseries by Evan Dorkin and Jill Thompson
* "Beasts of Burden" (Defiance), a 2014 TV episode
* "Beasts of Burden", a 2000 issue in the Marvel Comics X-Men: Gambit series