OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Cowboy Smithx

Cowboy Smithx (born January 31, 1982) is a Blackfoot filmmaker from the Piikani Nation and Kainai Nation in Southern Alberta. He has acted in, co-produced, and directed a few short films and music videos. His best known work is a full feature documentary co-produced with Chris Hsiung called, Elder in the Making. It is a film about reconciliation between non-Aboriginal and Aboriginal Peoples in Canada.

## Background

In 2008, Cowboy Smithx was employed as a youth worker in East Vancouver, Canada. The organization he worked for is KAYA, which stands for the, 'Knowledgeable Aboriginal Youth Association'. Cowboy Smithx is a 2008 graduate from the Indigenous Independent Digital Filmmaking Program at Capilano University. The film Smithx co-produced, Elder in the Making, will be used as an optional learning resource within Alberta schools to teach and share Indigenous ontological epistemologies. Smithx said today's youth have an opportunity through their use of convenient media opportunities to advocate for change in their communities. Cowboy Smithx recently founded the REDx Speaker Series. This production serves as a platform for reconciliation between Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal Peoples Smithx is the main stakeholder of his motion picture and film company, Eccentricus Imagery, which has been based in Vancouver B.C. since 2005.

## Film work

* October 2016: Cree Code Talker, co-produced by Alexandra Lazarowich & Cowboy Smithx.
* September 2016: Elder in the Making, co-produced by Chris Hsiung & Cowboy Smithx.
* 2013: Music Video-Dancin' on the Run, produced by Cowboy Smithx.
* 2013: Music Video-Red Winter, co-produced by Cowboy Smithx.
* November 2011: Music Video-2 Hour Parking, directed by Cowboy Smithx.
* July 2011: Bloodland (a short experimental film produced by Elle-Máijá Tailfeathers), acting role by Cowboy Smithx.
* September 2005: Crookz, acting role by Cowboy Smithx

## Awards

* March 2020: Cowboy Smithx awarded an Indspire Award for Arts. Revoked due to "personal and professional conduct that are a significant departure from generally accepted standards of public behaviour"
* April 2017: Cowboy Smithx and co-producer Alexandra Lazarowich of,' Cree Code Talker,' are nominees for best short non-fiction film at the 2017 Alberta Film and Television Awards.
* May 2016: Elder in the Making receives an award from the, Alberta Film & Television Awards and Alberta Media Production Industries Association, for best documentary over 30 minutes
* April 2016: Cowboy Smithx and fellow co-producer, Alexandra Lazarowich, win first place at the HotDocs Bravo Factual Short Film Pitching Competition. They use this monetary award to finance the, 'Cree Code Talker,' short film
# Cholerzyn

Cholerzyn is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Liszki, within Kraków County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland. It lies approximately 4 kilometres (2 mi) north of Liszki and 13 km (8 mi) west of the regional capital Kraków.
# Bonginkosi Dhlamini

Bonginkosi Wesley Dhlamini (born 25 July 1967) is a South African politician who has been a member of the Gauteng Executive Council for e-Government since June 2024 and has represented the Inkatha Freedom Party (IFP) in the Gauteng Provincial Legislature since May 2010. He is the current provincial chairperson of the IFP in Gauteng and formerly represented the party in the National Assembly from 2000 to 2010.

## Early life and career

Dhlamini grew up in Soweto in the former Transvaal during apartheid. He joined the IFP (then known as Inkatha) in 1983 and served as chairperson of Inkatha's Soweto branch from 1985 to 1987.

## National Assembly: 2000–2010

Dhlamini was first sworn in to Parliament on 21 June 2000, representing the IFP in the Gauteng constituency; he filled the casual vacancy that arose when Themba Khoza died. He served in the National Assembly until May 2000, gaining re-election in 2004 and 2009. In 2006, he was questioned in the liquidation inquiry that emanated from the Travelgate scandal.
During the xenophobic violence of May 2008, Dhlamini addressed a crowd in Alexandra, the epicentre of the violence, and sought to ameliorate tensions. According to the Mail & Guardian, he said told the crowd:
   As the IFP, we are here to make it clear that we condemn these attacks and are here to ask you not to go around attacking people in the IFP’s name... indeed the government has failed you, but you should not continue these attacks as opportunistic criminals will take advantage and you, as South Africans, would end up fighting against each other.
   As the IFP we understand your frustrations, however, our Constitution says South Africa is a South Africa for all, which means everyone including the foreigners are welcome. The IFP argued that the Constitution should, in fact, say South Africa is a South Africa for all that were born in it, however, the ANC, as usual, did not listen to us.
Dhlamini resigned from the National Assembly just over a year after the 2009 election, on 4 May 2010, when the IFP arranged for him to swap seats with Petros Sithole. Dhlamini was sworn in to Sithole's seat in the Gauteng Provincial Legislature in order to "focus his full attention on the needs of Gauteng".

## Provincial legislature: 2010–present

He has served in the provincial legislature since May 2010, gaining re-election in 2014 and 2019. At the IFP's provincial elective conference in Ekurhuleni in October 2019, Dhlamini was elected provincial chairperson of the IFP in Gauteng, with Zandile Majozi as his deputy.
The ANC lost its majority in the Gauteng Provincial Legislature in the 2024 provincial election. ANC premier Panyaza Lesufi subsequently formed a minority government with the support of the Inkatha Freedom Party and other parties. Dhlamini was appointed by Lesufi as the MEC for the newly established e-Government portfolio on 3 July 2024.
# Maine School Administrative District 45

Maine School Administrative District 45 is a public school district in the U.S. state of Maine. It encompasses the rural Aroostook County towns of Washburn, Wade, and Perham. Two schools operate in the district, David J Lyon Washburn District Elementary School, and Washburn District High School.
# Fullers Bridge

Fullers Bridge, officially called the Fullers Creek Bridge, is a road bridge that carries Delhi Road to Millwood Avenue across the Lane Cove River, in Chatswood West, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. The concrete beam bridge is located 9 kilometres (5.6 mi) northwest of the Sydney central business district and connects Chatswood to North Ryde as part of the A38.
The main entrance to Lane Cove National Park is located adjacent to the western end of Fullers Bridge.

## Description

Completed in 1918, Fullers Bridge is a six-span structure, with four longitudinal deck beams on an over-vertical curve or camber. The beams have soffits which are parallel with the deck over most of their length, but curve down to the piers. The piers consist of two columns each supported by timber piles with pilecaps. The pier columns have a square core cross section with large chamfers, giving an octagonal appearance, with four tapered thickenings or buttresses. The deep headstock connecting the columns supports the four deck beams. The deck is continuous from one abutment to the other. On the upstream side of the deck a timber walkway has been installed, supported by steel cantilever beams connected under the edge of the deck. The original pipe handrails have been replaced by guardrailing. The bridge also supports utility pipes on its downstream side.

## History

Fullers Bridge is named after the Fuller family which operated a farm on the small area of agriculturally usable land which existed on the river banks at that location, in the late 19th century.
Up until the early 1980s a kiosk and general store existed on the northern side of the bridge, and was accessible from both sides of the river by the northern pedestrian footbridge.
Fullers Bridge played a part in a famous Australian mystery, with the bodies of Dr Gilbert Bogle and Mrs Margaret Chandler discovered on the banks of the Lane Cove River on 1 January 1963, 70 metres (230 ft) south of the bridge.

## Heritage significance

   Fullers Bridge has local historic significance as a long anticipated element of public infrastructure shaping the history of the Willoughby and Lane Cove areas by providing permanent access across the Lane Cove River when road routes linking these areas were few and far between. As well as opening the area to the east and north to residential development, the bridge has made possible tourist access to the popular National Park adjacent. As an early example of a sizeable reinforced concrete bridge, identified as the first continuous reinforced concrete girder bridge in New South Wales, the bridge has significance as part of the history of the development of concrete bridge design and construction, a technology that gained an important place in the State's road infrastructure through the mid twentieth century. The bridge has rarity value in NSW as a good, intact example of a continuous beam reinforced concrete bridge constructed prior to 1925.
# Point-defence

Point defence (or point defense; see spelling differences) is the defence of a single object or a limited area, e.g. a ship, building or an airfield, now usually against air attacks and guided missiles. Point defence weapons have a smaller range in contrast to area-defence systems and are placed near or on the object to be protected.
Point defence may include:
* short-ranged interceptor aircraft
* Close-in weapon systems on ship
* land-based short-ranged anti-aircraft guns or surface-to-air missile systems
* Active protection systems on tanks or other armoured fighting vehicles
Coastal artillery to protect harbours is similar conceptually, but is generally not classified as point defence. Similarly, passive systems—electronic countermeasures, decoys, chaff, flares, barrage balloons—are not considered point defence.

## Examples
### Aircraft

* Bachem Ba 349 Natter – vertical take-off rocket powered crewed interceptor (prototypes only)
* Convair XF-92 – Later used as testbed for later projects.
* F-14 ADC – Proposed interceptor for the USAF Air Defense Command.
* Junkers EF 009 Hubjäger – Proposed interceptor with 10 radially placed turbojet engines.
* Messerschmitt Me 163 – World War II-era operational German rocket powered interceptor.
* NR-349 – Proposed Improved Manned Interceptor replacement for the F-101, F-102 and F-106.

### Close-in weapons systems

* Goalkeeper CIWS – Gun CIWS in current service by the Dutch navy.
* Phalanx CIWS – 20 mm Vulcan cannon mounted on a swivelling base. Notably used on almost all major surface combatants of the US Navy.
* Kashtan CIWS – Gun-Missile CIWS in current service by the Russian navy.
* RIM-116 RAM – Missile CIWS in current use by the US Navy.
* Type 730 – in current use by the Chinese Navy.

### Active Protection Systems

* Arena APS – a Russian point defence system for individual armoured vehicles.
* Trophy APS - an Israeli APS in service with the IDF.
# HDMS Gunnar Thorson (A560)

The HDMS Gunnar Thorson is a Danish environmental protection vessel built for environmental protection and preservation purposes in 1980-1981. Originally operated by the Danish Ministry of Environmental Protection (now Ministry of the Environment), Gunnar Thorson was crewed by the Royal Danish Navy throughout its history, but was not fully incorporated into the Navy until January 1, 1996.
Gunnar Thorson is a lead ship of a class of two EPVs, the other being Gunnar Seidenfaden (A561).

## Sources

* Royal Danish Navy fleet register
* Gunnar Thorson on Danish Naval History portal ship specifications
* This article about a specific military ship or boat of Denmark is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
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# Cross-licensing

A cross-licensing agreement is a contract between two or more parties where each party grants rights to their intellectual property to the other parties.

## Patent law

In patent law, a cross-licensing agreement is an agreement according to which two or more parties grant a license to each other for the exploitation of the subject-matter claimed in one or more of the patents each owns. Usually, this type of agreement happens between two parties in order to avoid litigation or to settle an infringement dispute. Very often, the patents that each party owns covers different essential aspects of a given commercial product. Thus by cross licensing, each party maintains their freedom to bring the commercial product to market. The term "cross licensing" implies that neither party pays monetary royalties to the other party, although this may be the case.
For example, Microsoft and JVC entered into a cross license agreement in January 2008. Each party, therefore, is able to practice the inventions covered by the patents included in the agreement. This benefits competition by allowing each more freedom to design products covered by the other's patents without provoking a patent infringement lawsuit.
Parties that enter into cross-licensing agreements must be careful not to violate antitrust laws and regulations. This can easily become a complex issue, involving (as far as the European Union is concerned) Art. 101 and 102 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU), previously Art. 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty, (abuse of dominant position, etc.) as well as licensing directives, cartels, etc.
Some companies file patent applications primarily to be able to cross license the resulting patents, as opposed to trying to stop a competitor from bringing a product to market. In the early 1990s, for example, Taiwanese original design manufacturers, such as Hon Hai, rapidly increased their patent filings after their US competitors brought patent infringement lawsuits against them. They used the patents to cross license.
One of the limitations of cross licensing is that it is ineffective against patent holding companies. The primary business of a patent holding company is to license patents in exchange for a monetary royalty. Thus, they have no need for rights to practice other companies' patents. These companies are often referred to pejoratively as patent trolls.
The economics literature has shown that firms with high capital intensities are more likely to strike a cross-licensing deal.

## Non patent law

Other non-patent intellectual property such as copyright and trademark can also be cross-licensed. For example, a literary work and an anthology that includes that literary work may be cross-licensed between two publishers. A cross-license for computer software may involve a combination of patent, copyright, and trademark licensing.
# Laurie Puhn

Laurie Puhn is an American writer, television personality and family/divorce lawyer. She hosted i on New York, on WPXN-TV from 2006-2007.
A graduate of Harvard College and Harvard Law School, she initially practiced corporate law at a New York City law firm. Puhn was featured as the Communications Expert on an ABC 20/20 special about "Rudeness in America. " She is a frequent commentator on Fox News Channel, Fox 5's Good Day NY, WNBC's Weekend Today in NY and was featured on CNN's Tips from the Top. Laurie was the cover story for Networking magazine's June 2006 issue. Her commentary has been featured in magazines including Entrepreneur, Maxim, Good Housekeeping, Redbook, Woman's Day and Glamour, as well as featured in newspapers such as Chicago Tribune, Newsday and The New York Times.
She is the author of Instant Persuasion: How to Change Your Words to Change Your Life (Penguin, 2005), and President of Laurie Puhn Communications. Her second book Fight Less, Love More: 5-Minute Conversations to Change Your Relationship without Blowing Up or Giving In (Rodale, 2010), was released on October 12, 2010.
Laurie grew up in Great Neck, New York. She attended the Great Neck School District, and graduated from Great Neck North High School.

## Awards

* Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. Recognition Award
* Town of North Hempstead Women's Roll of Honor
* Instant Persuasion, authored by Laurie Puhn, nominated for Best Motivational Book of 2005

## Work

ViaCord, a part of PerkinElmer, partnered with Laurie to publish her advice blog for moms and dads-to-be. The blog address is www. expectingwords.com.
Recently Laurie wrote an article for CNN.com featuring ways to avoid an argument. The link for this article is listed below.
# Dharug National Park

The Dharug National Park is a protected national park that is located in the Central Coast region of New South Wales, in eastern Australia. The 14,850-hectare (36,700-acre) national park is situated approximately 81 kilometres (50 mi) north of the Sydney and 25 kilometres (16 mi) west of Gosford.
The park contains the Great North Road, one of the eleven UNESCO World Heritage–listed Australian Convict Sites. These eleven sites present the story of the forced migration of convicts and the ideas and practices of punishment and reform of criminals during this time. The relatively intact Devine's Hill and Finch's Line sections of the Old Great North Road, approximately 16 kilometres (9.9 mi) long and contained within the national park, were inscribed on the World Heritage register in July 2010.

## Location and features

The park is bounded by the Yengo National Park, the Wisemans Ferry and Old Great North Roads, McPherson State Forest, private land along Mangrove Creek and the townships of Gunderman and Spencer. The Popran National Park is located on the eastern bank of Mangrove Creek and the Marramarra National Park is located on the southern shore of the Hawkesbury River; making the Dharug National Park, when combined with adjoining parks, a virtually contiguous area of protected national park stretching from Jerrys Plains in the Hunter Region in the north to Pennant Hills in the Hills District in the south.
The Dharug National Park lies within the Sydney Basin, a major structural unit of Permian and Triassic age (270-180 million years ago) consisting almost entirely of horizontally bedded sedimentary rocks. The park lies on the northern margin of the Hornsby Plateau; a subdivision of the Sydney Basin.

## Fauna

The park is full of birds and animals that you can meet during the tour. You will be greeted by satin bowerbirds, gang-gang cockatoos and green catbirds.

## Etymology

The park derives its name from the indigenous Darug people, south of the Hawkesbury River, who are not the traditional custodians of the area. It is incorrectly named on the land of the traditional Darkinjung custodians.
# Camps-en-Amiénois

Camps-en-Amiénois (French pronunciation:, lit. 'Camps in Amiénois'; Picard: Camp-in-Anmiénoé) is a commune in the Somme department in Hauts-de-France in northern France.

## Geography

The commune is situated at the D211 and D901 crossroads, some 20 miles (32 km) west of Amiens.
# Brooks–Brown House

Brooks–Brown House, also known as the Brown-Law House, Law Home, and Halfway House, is a historic home located near Dickinson, Franklin County, Virginia. The first section was built about 1830, with a two-story addition built about 1850. Renovations about 1870, unified the two sections as a two-story, frame dwelling with a slate gable roof. At the same time, an Italianate style two-story porch was added and the interior was remodeled in the Greek Revival style. A rear kitchen and bathroom wing was added as part of a renovation in 1987–1988. It measures approximately 52 feet by 38 feet and sits on a brick foundation. Also on the property are a contributing detached log kitchen and dining room, a cemetery, and the site of a 19th-century barn. The house served as a stagecoach stop and inn during the mid-19th century and the property had a tobacco factory from about 1870 until 1885.
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989.
# The Architects of Guilt

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Metalholic | (8.9/10) |
| Heavy Blog Is Heavy | |
The Architects of Guilt is the second full-length album by the death metal band The Famine released the February 15, 2011 via Solid State Records. It is the follow-up to their debut The Raven and the Reaping (2008).

## Development
### Early stages

After the departure of vocalist Kris McCaddon on January 9, 2010, bassist Nick Nowell took over vocals, and bass duties were quickly filled by new addition Jon Richardson as announced on the 15th. On February 26, the band announced that their studio burned down with all of their materials for their new album. Bassist Jon Richardson explains: "The Architects of Guilt is not a sing-a-long or a feel good record; it’s the death rattle and dying breath.The Famine is not here to win popularity contests, simply create metal, red in tooth and claw." and “The music has become faster, more technical, even abrasive and discomforting, trading sheer aggression and energy for the lifeless sweeps and mechanized beats that have come to dominate and dilute the genre. The lyrics forego empty threats and skip the subtleties, calling out the deceit and duplicity of our leaders, and the decay next door masked by a flaking white picket fence and a familiar chemical scent.” The album cover and the track list were revealed on 23 December 2010. The Famine have made 6 behind the scenes footage from the making of the album, the first was the 23rd December 2010 while the last one was posted the 14th February 2011.

### Production

The Architects of Guilt was produced by D. Braxton Henry (Ex- Devourment) and mixed by Jason Suecof (Mutiny Within, The Black Dahlia Murder, Trivium, Charred Walls of the Damned).

### Album cover

Vocalist Nick Nowell explains about the album cover saying: "I talked to Ryan Clark about the lyrical theme being very uncomfortable and discussing human nature without delving into metal clichés like satan and gore. Ryan is a guy who knows metal and who knows the art world, so he was the perfect guy for this job. He came back with a concept that is not blasphemous, but is uneven and uncomfortable. You look at it and you want to look away, but you aren’t exactly sure why. If I wanted to take it this far, I could say that the image on the cover represents the hideous architect of guilt within each of us. It’s ugly and it’s crystal clear.".

## Promotion and release

A number of tracks were released to promote the album: "Ad Mortem", "VII The Fraudulent", "A Fragile Peace", "The Crown and the Holy See"; and the music video for the first single "Ad Mortem" was released the 9th February.

## Track list

Lyrics: Nick Nowell, except “We are the Wolves” by Andrew Forbus, music: The Famine

## Personnel

* Nick Nowell – vocals
* Andrew Godwin – guitar
* Mark Garza – drums
* Jonny "Christmas" Richardson – bass
* D. Braxton Henry – production
* Ryan Clark – artwork
* Jason Suecof – mixing