# Government of Russia

The Russian Government (Правительство России) or fully the Government of the Russian Federation (Russian: Правительство Российской Федерации, romanized: Pravitelstvo Rossiyskoy Federatsii) is the federal executive body of state power of the Russian Federation. The members of the government are the prime minister, the deputy prime ministers, and the federal ministers. It has its legal basis in the Constitution of the Russian Federation and the federal constitutional law "On the Government of the Russian Federation". The Apparatus of the Government of Russia is a governmental body which administrates the activities of the government.
According to the 1991 amendment to the 1978 constitution, the President of Russia was the head of the executive branch and headed the Council of Ministers of Russia. According to the current 1993 constitution, the president is not a part of the government of Russia, which exercises executive power. However, the president appoints the prime minister.

## History

The large body was preceded by the government of the Soviet Union. The government's structure has undergone several significant changes since the Russian Federation emerged from 1991 to 1992. In the initial years, many government bodies, primarily the different ministries, underwent massive reorganization as the old Soviet governing networks were adapted to the new state. Many reshuffles and renamings occurred.
On 28 November 1991, the President of the RSFSR Boris Yeltsin signed presidential decree No.242 "On the reorganization of the government bodies of the RSFSR". Yeltsin officially declared the end of the Soviet Union and became the President of the Russian Federation. Yeltsin was a reformer and promised Western-styled democracy.
The new Russian Constitution was adopted in 1993. It gained legitimacy through its bicameral legislature, an independent judiciary, the position of the president and the prime minister, and democratic features. These democratic features included competitive multi-party elections, separation of powers, federalism, and protection of civil liberties.
In 1999, Yeltsin appointed Vladimir Putin the Prime Minister. Later that year, Yeltsin resigned from the presidency, and Putin took over as the acting president. In its first round, Putin won the 2000 Russian presidential election, gaining 53.44% of the vote.
The most recent change took place on 14 May 2024, when President Vladimir Putin signed a presidential decree on forming Mikhail Mishustin's Second Cabinet.

## Responsibilities and power

The Government is the subject of the 6th chapter of the Constitution of the Russian Federation. According to the constitution, the government of the Russian Federation must:
* Draft and submit the federal budget to the State Duma; ensure the implementation of the budget and report on its implementation to the State Duma;
* Ensure the implementation of a uniform financial, credit and monetary policy in the Russian Federation;
* Ensure the implementation of a uniform state policy in the areas of culture, science, education, health protection, social security and ecology;
* Manage federal property;
* Adopt measures to ensure the country's defense, state security, and the implementation of the foreign policy of the Russian Federation;
* Implement measures to ensure the rule of law, human rights and freedoms, the protection of property and public order, and crime control;
* Exercise any other powers vested in it by the Constitution of the Russian Federation, federal laws, and presidential decrees.
The government issues its acts in the way of decisions (Постановления) and orders (Распоряжения). These must not contradict the constitution, federal constitutional laws, federal laws, and Presidential decrees, and are signed by the Prime Minister.
The Government also assists the Prime Minister in faithfully carrying out the country's domestic and foreign policy as determined by the President.

## Current Cabinet

| Portfolio | Minister | Took office | Left office | Party |
| Prime Minister | Mikhail Mishustin | 14 May 2024 | Incumbent | Independent |
| First Deputy Prime Minister | Denis Manturov | 14 May 2024 | Incumbent | Independent |
| Deputy Prime Minister of Russia Chief of Staff for the Government of Russia | Dmitry Grigorenko | 14 May 2024 | Incumbent | Independent |
| Deputy Prime Minister – Presidential Envoy to the Far Eastern Federal District | Yury Trutnev | 14 May 2024 | Incumbent | United Russia |
| Deputy Prime Minister for Agro-Industrial Complex, Natural Resources and Ecology | Dmitry Patrushev | 14 May 2024 | Incumbent | Independent |
| Deputy Prime Minister for Eurasian Integration, cooperation with the CIS, BRICS, G20 and International Events | Alexey Overchuk | 14 May 2024 | Incumbent | Independent |
| Deputy Prime Minister for Fuel–Energy Complex and Economy | Alexander Novak | 14 May 2024 | Incumbent | United Russia |
| Deputy Prime Minister for Construction and Regional Policy | Marat Khusnullin | 14 May 2024 | Incumbent | Independent |
| Deputy Prime Minister for Social Policy | Tatyana Golikova | 14 May 2024 | Incumbent | United Russia |
| Deputy Prime Minister for Tourism, Sport, Culture and Communications | Dmitry Chernyshenko | 14 May 2024 | Incumbent | Independent |
| Deputy Prime Minister for Transport | Vitaly Savelyev | 14 May 2024 | Incumbent | United Russia |
| Minister of Agriculture | Oksana Lut | 14 May 2024 | Incumbent | Independent |
| Minister of Digital Development, Communications and Mass Media | Maksut Shadayev | 14 May 2024 | Incumbent | Independent |
| Minister of Construction, Housing and Utilities | Irek Faizullin | 14 May 2024 | Incumbent | Independent |
| Minister of Culture | Olga Lyubimova | 14 May 2024 | Incumbent | Independent |
| Minister of Defence | Andrey Belousov | 14 May 2024 | Incumbent | Independent |
| Minister for the Development of the Russian Far East and Arctic | Aleksey Chekunkov | 14 May 2024 | Incumbent | Independent |
| Minister of Economic Development | Maxim Reshetnikov | 14 May 2024 | Incumbent | United Russia |
| Minister of Education | Sergey Kravtsov | 14 May 2024 | Incumbent | Independent |
| Minister of Emergency Situations | Aleksandr Kurenkov | 14 May 2024 | Incumbent | Independent |
| Minister of Energy | Sergey Tsivilyov | 14 May 2024 | Incumbent | United Russia |
| Minister of Finance | Anton Siluanov | 14 May 2024 | Incumbent | United Russia |
| Minister of Foreign Affairs | Sergey Lavrov | 14 May 2024 | Incumbent | United Russia |
| Minister of Health | Mikhail Murashko | 14 May 2024 | Incumbent | Independent |
| Minister of Industry and Trade | Anton Alikhanov | 14 May 2024 | Incumbent | United Russia |
| Minister of Internal Affairs | Vladimir Kolokoltsev | 14 May 2024 | Incumbent | Independent |
| Minister of Justice | Konstantin Chuychenko | 14 May 2024 | Incumbent | United Russia |
| Minister of Labour and Social Protection | Anton Kotyakov | 14 May 2024 | Incumbent | Independent |
| Minister of Natural Resources and Ecology | Alexander Kozlov | 14 May 2024 | Incumbent | United Russia |
| Minister of Science and Higher Education | Valery Falkov | 14 May 2024 | Incumbent | United Russia |
| Minister of Sport | Mikhail Degtyarev | 14 May 2024 | Incumbent | LDPR |
| Minister of Transport | Roman Starovoyt | 14 May 2024 | Incumbent | United Russia |

## Lists of ministers

* List of prime ministers
* List of first deputy prime ministers
* List of deputy prime ministers
* List of defence ministers
* List of economy ministers
* List of finance ministers
* List of justice ministers
* List of foreign ministers
* List of interior ministers
* List of emergency ministers
* List of health ministers
* List of culture ministers
* List of energy ministers
* List of environmental ministers