# United States Senate Committee on Appropriations

The United States Senate Committee on Appropriations is a standing committee of the United States Senate. It has jurisdiction over all discretionary spending legislation in the Senate.
The Senate Appropriations Committee is the largest committee in the U.S. Senate, with 30 members in the 117th Congress. Its role is defined by the U.S. Constitution, which requires "appropriations made by law" prior to the expenditure of any money from the Treasury, and the committee is therefore one of the most powerful committees in the Senate. The committee was first organized on March 6, 1867, when power over appropriations was taken out of the hands of the Finance Committee.
The chairman of the Appropriations Committee has enormous power to bring home special projects (sometimes referred to as "pork barrel spending") for their state as well as having the final say on other senators' appropriation requests. For example, in fiscal year 2005, per capita federal spending in Alaska, the home state of then-Chairman Ted Stevens, was $12,000, double the national average. Alaska has 11,772 special earmarked projects for a combined cost of $15,780,623,000. This represents about four percent of the overall spending in the $388 billion Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2005 passed by Congress.
From 2001 to 2021, every Senate Majority Leader was a previous or concurrently serving member of the Appropriations Committee: Tom Daschle (committee member, 1991–1999; majority leader, 2001–2003), Bill Frist (committee member, 1995–2002; majority leader, 2003–2007), Harry Reid (committee member, 1989–2006; majority leader, 2007–2015), and Mitch McConnell (current committee member; majority leader, 2015–2021).

## The appropriations process

The federal budget is divided into two main categories: discretionary spending and mandatory spending. Each appropriations subcommittee develops a draft appropriations bill covering each agency under its jurisdiction based on the Congressional Budget Resolution, which is drafted by an analogous Senate Budget committee. Each subcommittee must adhere to the spending limits set by the budget resolution and allocations set by the full Appropriations Committee, though the full Senate may vote to waive those limits if 60 senators vote to do so. The committee also reviews supplemental spending bills (covering unforeseen or emergency expenses not previously budgeted).
Each appropriations bill must be passed by both houses of Congress and signed by the president prior to the start of the federal fiscal year, October 1. If that target is not met, as has been common in recent years, the committee drafts a continuing resolution, which is then approved by Congress and signed by the president to keep the federal government operating until the individual bills are approved.

## Jurisdiction

In accordance of Rule XXV of the United States Senate, all proposed legislation, messages, petitions, memorials, and other matters relating to the following subjects is referred to the Senate Committee on Appropriations:
* Appropriation of the revenue for the support of the Government, except as provided in subparagraph (e);
* Rescission of appropriations contained in appropriation Acts (referred to in section 105 of title 1, United States Code);
* The amount of new spending authority described in section 401(c)(2) (A) and (B) of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 which is to be effective for a fiscal year; and,
* New spending authority described in section 401(c)(2)(C) of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 provided in bills and resolutions referred to the committee under section 401(b)(2) of that Act (but subject to the provisions of section 401(b)(3) of that Act).
Likewise, Article I, Section 9, Clause 7 of the United States Constitution, clearly vesting the power of the purse in Congress, states: "No Money shall be drawn from the Treasury, but in Consequence of Appropriations made by Law...and a regular Statement and Account of the Receipts and expenditures of all public Money shall be published from time to time." This clause is the foundation for the congressional appropriations process and the fundamental source of the Senate Appropriations Committee's institutional power – as is the same with its counterpart in the lower house. In other words, Article I, Section 9, Clause 7 of the United States Constitution charges the United States Congress with the legislative duty of controlling government spending separate from the executive branch of government – a significant check and balance in the American constitutional system.

## Members, 119th Congress

| Majority | Minority |
| Susan Collins, Maine, Chair Mitch McConnell, Kentucky Lisa Murkowski, Alaska Lindsey Graham, South Carolina Jerry Moran, Kansas John Hoeven, North Dakota John Boozman, Arkansas Shelley Moore Capito, West Virginia John Kennedy, Louisiana Cindy Hyde-Smith, Mississippi Bill Hagerty, Tennessee Katie Britt, Alabama Markwayne Mullin, Oklahoma Deb Fischer, Nebraska Mike Rounds, South Dakota | Patty Murray, Washington, Vice Chair Dick Durbin, Illinois Jack Reed, Rhode Island Jeanne Shaheen, New Hampshire Jeff Merkley, Oregon Chris Coons, Delaware Brian Schatz, Hawaii Tammy Baldwin, Wisconsin Chris Murphy, Connecticut Chris Van Hollen, Maryland Martin Heinrich, New Mexico Gary Peters, Michigan Kirsten Gillibrand, New York Jon Ossoff, Georgia |

## Subcommittees

| Subcommittee | Chair | Ranking Member |
| Agriculture, Rural Development, Food and Drug Administration, and Related Agencies | Martin Heinrich (D-NM) | John Hoeven (R-ND) |
| Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies | Jeanne Shaheen (D-NH) | Jerry Moran (R-KS) |
| Defense | Jon Tester (D-MT) | Susan Collins (R-ME) |
| Energy and Water Development | Patty Murray (D-WA) | John Kennedy (R-LA) |
| Financial Services and General Government | Chris Van Hollen (D-MD) | Bill Hagerty (R-TN) |
| Homeland Security | Chris Murphy (D-CT) | Katie Britt (R-AL) |
| Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies | Jeff Merkley (D-OR) | Lisa Murkowski (R-AK) |
| Labor, Health and Human Services, Education, and Related Agencies | Tammy Baldwin (D-WI) | Shelley Moore Capito (R-WV) |
| Legislative Branch | Jack Reed (D-RI) | Deb Fischer (R-NE) |
| Military Construction, Veterans Affairs, and Related Agencies | Patty Murray (D-WA) | John Boozman (R-AR) |
| State, Foreign Operations, and Related Programs | Chris Coons (D-DE) | Lindsey Graham (R-SC) |
| Transportation, Housing and Urban Development, and Related Agencies | Brian Schatz (D-HI) | Cindy Hyde-Smith (R-MS) |

### Committee reorganization during the 110th Congress

At the outset of the 110th Congress, Chairman Robert Byrd and Chairman Dave Obey, his counterpart on the House Appropriations Committee, developed a committee reorganization plan that provided for common subcommittee structures between both houses, a move that both the chairmen hope will allow Congress to "complete action on each of the government funding on time for the first time since 1994." The subcommittees were last overhauled between the 107th and 108th Congresses, after the creation of the Subcommittee on Homeland Security and again during the 109th Congress, when the number of subcommittees was reduced from 13 to 12.
A key part of the new subcommittee organization was the establishment of a new Subcommittee on Financial Services and General Government, which consolidates funding for the Treasury Department, the United States federal judiciary, and the District of Columbia. These functions were previously handled by two separate Senate subcommittees.

## Chairs and Vice Chairs, 1867–present

| Congress | Chair | Party | State | Vice Chair | Party | State |
| 40th | Lot Morrill | Republican | Maine | Cornelius Cole | Republican | California |
| 41st | William Pitt Fessenden until September 8, 1869 | Republican | Maine | William Sprague IV | Republican | Rhode Island |
| 41st | Lot Morrill from September 8, 1869 | Republican | Maine | William Sprague IV | Republican | Rhode Island |
| 42nd | Cornelius Cole | Republican | California | William Windom | Republican | Minnesota |
| 43rd | Lot Morrill until July 7, 1876 | Republican | Maine | William Allison | Republican | Iowa |
| 44th | Lot Morrill until July 7, 1876 | Republican | Maine | Stephen W. Dorsey | Democratic | Arkansas |
| 44th | William Windom from July 7, 1876 | Republican | Minnesota | Stephen W. Dorsey | Democratic | Arkansas |
| 45th | William Windom from July 7, 1876 | Republican | Minnesota | Henry Davis | Democratic | West Virginia |
| 46th | Henry Davis | Democratic | West Virginia | William Windom | Republican | Minnesota |
| 47th | William Allison | Republican | Iowa | Henry Davis | Democratic | West Virginia |
| 48th | William Allison | Republican | Iowa | James B. Beck | Democratic | Kentucky |
| 49th | William Allison | Republican | Iowa | James B. Beck | Democratic | Kentucky |
| 50th | William Allison | Republican | Iowa | James B. Beck | Democratic | Kentucky |
| 51st | William Allison | Republican | Iowa | Francis Cockrell | Democratic | Missouri |
| 52nd | William Allison | Republican | Iowa | Francis Cockrell | Democratic | Missouri |
| 53rd | Francis Cockrell | Democratic | Missouri | William Allison | Republican | Iowa |
| 54th | William Allison until August 4, 1908 | Republican | Iowa | Francis Cockrell | Democratic | Missouri |
| 55th | William Allison until August 4, 1908 | Republican | Iowa | Francis Cockrell | Democratic | Missouri |
| 56th | William Allison until August 4, 1908 | Republican | Iowa | Francis Cockrell | Democratic | Missouri |
| 57th | William Allison until August 4, 1908 | Republican | Iowa | Francis Cockrell | Democratic | Missouri |
| 58th | William Allison until August 4, 1908 | Republican | Iowa | Francis Cockrell | Democratic | Missouri |
| 59th 60th | William Allison until August 4, 1908 | Republican | Iowa | Henry Teller | Democratic | Colorado |
| 60th | William Allison until August 4, 1908 | Republican | Iowa | Henry Teller | Democratic | Colorado |
| 60th | Eugene Hale from August 4, 1908 | Republican | Maine | Henry Teller | Democratic | Colorado |
| 61st | Eugene Hale from August 4, 1908 | Republican | Maine | Benjamin R. Tillman | Democratic | South Carolina |
| 62nd | Francis E. Warren | Republican | Wyoming | Benjamin R. Tillman | Democratic | South Carolina |
| 63rd | Thomas S. Martin | Democratic | Virginia | Francis E. Warren | Republican | Wyoming |
| 64th | Thomas S. Martin | Democratic | Virginia | Francis E. Warren | Republican | Wyoming |
| 65th | Thomas S. Martin | Democratic | Virginia | Francis E. Warren | Republican | Wyoming |
| 66th | Francis E. Warren until November 24, 1929 | Republican | Wyoming | Lee Overman | Democratic | North Carolina |
| 67th | Francis E. Warren until November 24, 1929 | Republican | Wyoming | Lee Overman | Democratic | North Carolina |
| 68th | Francis E. Warren until November 24, 1929 | Republican | Wyoming | Lee Overman | Democratic | North Carolina |
| 69th | Francis E. Warren until November 24, 1929 | Republican | Wyoming | Lee Overman | Democratic | North Carolina |
| 70th 71st | Francis E. Warren until November 24, 1929 | Republican | Wyoming | Lee Overman | Democratic | North Carolina |
| 71st | Francis E. Warren until November 24, 1929 | Republican | Wyoming | William J. Harris | Democratic | Georgia |
| 71st | Wesley L. Jones from November 24, 1929 until November 19, 1932 | Republican | Washington | William J. Harris | Democratic | Georgia |
| 72nd | Wesley L. Jones from November 24, 1929 until November 19, 1932 | Republican | Washington | William J. Harris | Democratic | Georgia |
| 72nd | Frederick Hale from November 19, 1932 | Republican | Maine | William J. Harris | Democratic | Georgia |
| 73rd | Carter Glass until May 28, 1946 | Democratic | Virginia | Frederick Hale | Republican | Maine |
| 74th | Carter Glass until May 28, 1946 | Democratic | Virginia | Frederick Hale | Republican | Maine |
| 75th | Carter Glass until May 28, 1946 | Democratic | Virginia | Frederick Hale | Republican | Maine |
| 76th | Carter Glass until May 28, 1946 | Democratic | Virginia | Frederick Hale | Republican | Maine |
| 77th | Carter Glass until May 28, 1946 | Democratic | Virginia | Gerald P. Nye | Republican | North Dakota |
| 78th | Carter Glass until May 28, 1946 | Democratic | Virginia | Gerald P. Nye | Republican | North Dakota |
| 79th | Carter Glass until May 28, 1946 | Democratic | Virginia | Styles Bridges | Republican | New Hampshire |
| 79th | Kenneth McKellar from May 28, 1946 | Democratic | Tennessee | Styles Bridges | Republican | New Hampshire |
| 80th | Styles Bridges | Republican | New Hampshire | Kenneth McKellar | Democratic | Tennessee |
| 81st | Kenneth McKellar | Democratic | Tennessee | Styles Bridges | Republican | New Hampshire |
| 82nd | Kenneth McKellar | Democratic | Tennessee | Styles Bridges | Republican | New Hampshire |
| 83rd | Styles Bridges | Republican | New Hampshire | Carl Hayden | Democratic | Arizona |
| 84th | Carl Hayden | Democratic | Arizona | Styles Bridges until November 26, 1961 | Republican | New Hampshire |
| 85th | Carl Hayden | Democratic | Arizona | Styles Bridges until November 26, 1961 | Republican | New Hampshire |
| 86th | Carl Hayden | Democratic | Arizona | Styles Bridges until November 26, 1961 | Republican | New Hampshire |
| 87th | Carl Hayden | Democratic | Arizona | Styles Bridges until November 26, 1961 | Republican | New Hampshire |
| 87th | Carl Hayden | Democratic | Arizona | Leverett Saltonstall from November 26, 1961 | Republican | Massachusetts |
| 88th | Carl Hayden | Democratic | Arizona | Leverett Saltonstall from November 26, 1961 | Republican | Massachusetts |
| 89th | Carl Hayden | Democratic | Arizona | Leverett Saltonstall from November 26, 1961 | Republican | Massachusetts |
| 90th | Carl Hayden | Democratic | Arizona | Milton Young | Republican | North Dakota |
| 91st | Richard B. Russell | Democratic | Georgia | Milton Young | Republican | North Dakota |
| 92nd | Allen J. Ellender until July 27, 1972 | Democratic | Louisiana | Milton Young | Republican | North Dakota |
| 92nd | John L. McClellan from July 27, 1972 | Democratic | Arkansas | Milton Young | Republican | North Dakota |
| 93rd | John L. McClellan from July 27, 1972 | Democratic | Arkansas | Milton Young | Republican | North Dakota |
| 94th | John L. McClellan from July 27, 1972 | Democratic | Arkansas | Milton Young | Republican | North Dakota |
| 95th | Warren G. Magnuson | Democratic | Washington | Milton Young | Republican | North Dakota |
| 96th | Warren G. Magnuson | Democratic | Washington | Milton Young | Republican | North Dakota |
| 97th | Mark O. Hatfield | Republican | Oregon | William Proxmire | Democratic | Wisconsin |
| 98th | Mark O. Hatfield | Republican | Oregon | John C. Stennis | Democratic | Mississippi |
| 99th | Mark O. Hatfield | Republican | Oregon | John C. Stennis | Democratic | Mississippi |
| 100th | John C. Stennis | Democratic | Mississippi | Mark O. Hatfield | Republican | Oregon |
| 101st | Robert C. Byrd | Democratic | West Virginia | Mark O. Hatfield | Republican | Oregon |
| 102nd | Robert C. Byrd | Democratic | West Virginia | Mark O. Hatfield | Republican | Oregon |
| 103rd | Robert C. Byrd | Democratic | West Virginia | Mark O. Hatfield | Republican | Oregon |
| 104th | Mark O. Hatfield | Republican | Oregon | Robert C. Byrd | Democratic | West Virginia |
| 105th | Ted Stevens | Republican | Alaska | Robert C. Byrd | Democratic | West Virginia |
| 106th | Ted Stevens | Republican | Alaska | Robert C. Byrd | Democratic | West Virginia |
| 107th | Robert C. Byrd until January 20, 2001 | Democratic | West Virginia | Ted Stevens until January 20, 2001 | Republican | Alaska |
| 107th | Ted Stevens from January 20, 2001 until June 6, 2001 | Republican | Alaska | Robert C. Byrd from January 20, 2001 until June 6, 2001 | Democratic | West Virginia |
| 107th | Robert C. Byrd from June 6, 2001 | Democratic | West Virginia | Ted Stevens from June 6, 2001 | Republican | Alaska |
| 108th | Ted Stevens | Republican | Alaska | Robert C. Byrd | Democratic | West Virginia |
| 109th | Thad Cochran | Republican | Mississippi | Robert C. Byrd | Democratic | West Virginia |
| 110th | Robert C. Byrd | Democratic | West Virginia | Thad Cochran | Republican | Mississippi |
| 111th | Daniel K. Inouye until December 17, 2012 | Democratic | Hawaii | Thad Cochran | Republican | Mississippi |
| 112th | Daniel K. Inouye until December 17, 2012 | Democratic | Hawaii | Thad Cochran | Republican | Mississippi |
| 112th | Barbara Mikulski from December 17, 2012 | Democratic | Maryland | Thad Cochran | Republican | Mississippi |
| 113th | Barbara Mikulski from December 17, 2012 | Democratic | Maryland | Richard Shelby | Republican | Alabama |
| 114th | Thad Cochran until April 1, 2018 | Republican | Mississippi | Barbara Mikulski | Democratic | Maryland |
| 115th | Thad Cochran until April 1, 2018 | Republican | Mississippi | Patrick Leahy | Democratic | Vermont |
| 115th | Richard Shelby from April 10, 2018 | Republican | Alabama | Patrick Leahy | Democratic | Vermont |
| 116th | Richard Shelby from April 10, 2018 | Republican | Alabama | Patrick Leahy | Democratic | Vermont |
| 117th | Patrick Leahy | Democratic | Vermont | Richard Shelby | Republican | Alabama |
| 118th | Patty Murray | Democratic | Washington | Susan Collins | Republican | Maine |
| 119th | Susan Collins | Republican | Maine | Patty Murray | Democratic | Washington |
| Congress | Chair | Party | State | Vice Chair | Party | State |

## Historical membership rosters
### 118th Congress

| Majority | Minority |
| Patty Murray, Washington, Chair Dianne Feinstein, California (until September 29, 2023) Dick Durbin, Illinois Jack Reed, Rhode Island Jon Tester, Montana Jeanne Shaheen, New Hampshire Jeff Merkley, Oregon Chris Coons, Delaware Brian Schatz, Hawaii Tammy Baldwin, Wisconsin Chris Murphy, Connecticut Joe Manchin, West Virginia Chris Van Hollen, Maryland Martin Heinrich, New Mexico Gary Peters, Michigan Kyrsten Sinema, Arizona (from October 17, 2023) | Susan Collins, Maine, Vice Chair Mitch McConnell, Kentucky Lisa Murkowski, Alaska Lindsey Graham, South Carolina Jerry Moran, Kansas John Hoeven, North Dakota John Boozman, Arkansas Shelley Moore Capito, West Virginia John Kennedy, Louisiana Cindy Hyde-Smith, Mississippi Bill Hagerty, Tennessee Katie Britt, Alabama Marco Rubio, Florida Deb Fischer, Nebraska |

### 117th Congress

| Majority | Minority |
| Patrick Leahy, Vermont, Chairman Patty Murray, Washington Dianne Feinstein, California Dick Durbin, Illinois Jack Reed, Rhode Island Jon Tester, Montana Jeanne Shaheen, New Hampshire Jeff Merkley, Oregon Chris Coons, Delaware Brian Schatz, Hawaii Tammy Baldwin, Wisconsin Chris Murphy, Connecticut Joe Manchin, West Virginia Chris Van Hollen, Maryland Martin Heinrich, New Mexico | Richard Shelby, Alabama, Vice Chairman Mitch McConnell, Kentucky Susan Collins, Maine Lisa Murkowski, Alaska Lindsey Graham, South Carolina Roy Blunt, Missouri Jerry Moran, Kansas John Hoeven, North Dakota John Boozman, Arkansas Shelley Moore Capito, West Virginia John Kennedy, Louisiana Cindy Hyde-Smith, Mississippi Mike Braun, Indiana Marco Rubio, Florida Bill Hagerty, Tennessee |

### 116th Congress

| Majority | Minority |
| Richard Shelby, Alabama, Chair Mitch McConnell, Kentucky Lamar Alexander, Tennessee Susan Collins, Maine Lisa Murkowski, Alaska Lindsey Graham, South Carolina Roy Blunt, Missouri Jerry Moran. Kansas John Hoeven, North Dakota John Boozman, Arkansas Shelley Moore Capito, West Virginia John Kennedy, Louisiana Cindy Hyde-Smith, Mississippi Steve Daines, Montana Marco Rubio, Florida James Lankford, Oklahoma | Patrick Leahy, Vermont, Vice Chair Patty Murray, Washington Dianne Feinstein, California Dick Durbin, Illinois Jack Reed, Rhode Island Jon Tester, Montana Tom Udall, New Mexico Jeanne Shaheen, New Hampshire Jeff Merkley, Oregon Chris Coons, Delaware Brian Schatz, Hawaii Tammy Baldwin, Wisconsin Chris Murphy, Connecticut Joe Manchin, West Virginia Chris Van Hollen, Maryland |

### 115th Congress

| Majority | Minority |
| Richard Shelby, Alabama, Chair (from April 10, 2018) Thad Cochran, Mississippi, Chair (until April 1, 2018) Mitch McConnell, Kentucky Lamar Alexander, Tennessee Susan Collins, Maine Lisa Murkowski, Alaska Lindsey Graham, South Carolina Roy Blunt, Missouri Jerry Moran, Kansas John Hoeven, North Dakota John Boozman, Arkansas Shelley Moore Capito, West Virginia James Lankford, Oklahoma Steve Daines, Montana John Kennedy, Louisiana Marco Rubio, Florida Cindy Hyde-Smith, Mississippi (from April 10, 2018) | Patrick Leahy, Vermont, Vice Chair Patty Murray, Washington Dianne Feinstein, California Dick Durbin, Illinois Jack Reed, Rhode Island Jon Tester, Montana Tom Udall, New Mexico Jeanne Shaheen, New Hampshire Jeff Merkley, Oregon Chris Coons, Delaware Brian Schatz, Hawaii Tammy Baldwin, Wisconsin Chris Murphy, Connecticut Joe Manchin, West Virginia Chris Van Hollen, Maryland |
Source :"U.S. Senate: Committee on Appropriations". Senate.gov. Retrieved April 11, 2018.

### 114th Congress

| Majority | Minority |
| Thad Cochran, Mississippi, Chair Mitch McConnell, Kentucky Richard Shelby, Alabama Lamar Alexander, Tennessee Susan Collins, Maine Lisa Murkowski, Alaska Lindsey Graham, South Carolina Mark Kirk, Illinois Roy Blunt, Missouri Jerry Moran, Kansas John Hoeven, North Dakota John Boozman, Arkansas Shelley Moore Capito, West Virginia Bill Cassidy, Louisiana James Lankford, Oklahoma Steve Daines, Montana | Barbara Mikulski, Maryland, Vice Chair Patrick Leahy, Vermont Patty Murray, Washington Dianne Feinstein, California Dick Durbin, Illinois Jack Reed, Rhode Island Jon Tester, Montana Tom Udall, New Mexico Jeanne Shaheen, New Hampshire Jeff Merkley, Oregon Chris Coons, Delaware Brian Schatz, Hawaii Tammy Baldwin, Wisconsin Chris Murphy, Connecticut |
Source: 2013 Congressional Record, Vol. 159, Page S296

### 113th Congress

| Majority | Minority |
| Barbara Mikulski, Maryland, Chair Patrick Leahy, Vermont Tom Harkin, Iowa Patty Murray, Washington Dianne Feinstein, California Dick Durbin, Illinois Tim Johnson, South Dakota Mary Landrieu, Louisiana Jack Reed, Rhode Island Frank Lautenberg, New Jersey (died June 3, 2013) Mark Pryor, Arkansas Jon Tester, Montana Jeanne Shaheen, New Hampshire Jeff Merkley, Oregon Mark Begich, Alaska Christopher A. Coons, Delaware (since June 2013) | Richard Shelby, Alabama, Vice Chair Thad Cochran, Mississippi Mitch McConnell, Kentucky Lamar Alexander, Tennessee Susan Collins, Maine Lisa Murkowski, Alaska Lindsey Graham, South Carolina Mark Kirk, Illinois Daniel Coats, Indiana Roy Blunt, Missouri Jerry Moran, Kansas John Hoeven, North Dakota Mike Johanns, Nebraska John Boozman, Arkansas |
Source:

### 112th Congress

| Majority | Minority |
| Daniel Inouye, Hawaii, Chair (died December 17, 2012) Patrick Leahy, Vermont Tom Harkin, Iowa Barbara Mikulski, Maryland Patty Murray, Washington Dianne Feinstein, California Dick Durbin, Illinois Tim Johnson, South Dakota Mary Landrieu, Louisiana Jack Reed, Rhode Island Frank Lautenberg, New Jersey Ben Nelson, Nebraska Mark Pryor, Arkansas Jon Tester, Montana Sherrod Brown, Ohio | Thad Cochran, Mississippi, Vice Chair Mitch McConnell, Kentucky Richard Shelby, Alabama Kay Bailey Hutchison, Texas Lamar Alexander, Tennessee Susan Collins, Maine Lisa Murkowski, Alaska Lindsey Graham, South Carolina Mark Kirk, Illinois Daniel Coats, Indiana Roy Blunt, Missouri Jerry Moran, Kansas John Hoeven, North Dakota Ron Johnson, Wisconsin |

### 111th Congress

| Majority | Minority |
| Daniel Inouye, Hawaii, Chair Robert Byrd, West Virginia Patrick Leahy, Vermont Tom Harkin, Iowa Barbara Mikulski, Maryland Herb Kohl, Wisconsin Patty Murray, Washington Byron Dorgan, North Dakota Dianne Feinstein, California Dick Durbin, Illinois Tim Johnson, South Dakota Mary Landrieu, Louisiana Jack Reed, Rhode Island Frank Lautenberg, New Jersey Ben Nelson, Nebraska Mark Pryor, Arkansas Jon Tester, Montana Arlen Specter, Pennsylvania | Thad Cochran, Mississippi, Vice Chair Kit Bond, Missouri Mitch McConnell, Kentucky Richard Shelby, Alabama Judd Gregg, New Hampshire Bob Bennet, Utah Kay Bailey Hutchison, Texas Sam Brownback, Kansas Lamar Alexander, Tennessee Susan Collins, Maine George Voinovich, Ohio Lisa Murkowski, Alaska |

### 110th Congress

| Majority | Minority |
| Robert Byrd, West Virginia, Chair Daniel Inouye, Hawaii Patrick Leahy, Vermont Tom Harkin, Iowa Barbara Mikulski, Maryland Herb Kohl, Wisconsin Patty Murray, Washington Byron Dorgan, North Dakota Dianne Feinstein, California Dick Durbin, Illinois Tim Johnson, South Dakota Mary Landrieu, Louisiana Jack Reed, Rhode Island Frank Lautenberg, New Jersey Ben Nelson, Nebraska | Thad Cochran, Mississippi, Vice Chair Ted Stevens, Alaska Arlen Specter, Pennsylvania Pete Domenici, New Mexico Kit Bond, Missouri Mitch McConnell, Kentucky Richard Shelby, Alabama Judd Gregg, New Hampshire Bob Bennet, Utah Larry Craig, Idaho Kay Bailey Hutchison, Texas Sam Brownback, Kansas Wayne Allard, Colorado Lamar Alexander, Tennessee |

### 109th Congress

| Majority | Minority |
| Thad Cochran, Mississippi, Chair Ted Stevens, Alaska Arlen Specter, Pennsylvania Pete Domenici, New Mexico Kit Bond, Missouri Mitch McConnell, Kentucky Conrad Burns, Montana Richard Shelby, Alabama Judd Gregg, New Hampshire Bob Bennet, Utah Larry Craig, Idaho Kay Bailey Hutchison, Texas Mike DeWine, Ohio Sam Brownback, Kansas Wayne Allard, Colorado | Robert Byrd, West Virginia, Vice Chair Daniel Inouye, Hawaii Patrick Leahy, Vermont Tom Harkin, Iowa Barbara Mikulski, Maryland Herb Kohl, Wisconsin Patty Murray, Washington Byron Dorgan, North Dakota Dianne Feinstein, California Dick Durbin, Illinois Tim Johnson, South Dakota Mary Landrieu, Louisiana |