# Timeline of Berlin

"none" is preferred when the title is sufficiently descriptive; see [[WP:SDNONE]] The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Berlin, Germany.

## Prior to 17th century

* 1163 – Berlin founded by Albert the Bear (approximate date).
* 1183 – Oak beam, discovered in 2008 by archaeologists, dated to 1183.
* 1200 – Saint Peter's Church built in Cölln (approximate date).
* 1220 – Population: 2,400.
* 1230
** St. Nicholas' Church built (approximate date).
** Tabor Church (Berlin-Hohenschönhausen) built (approximate date).
* 1237 – 28 October: First documentation of Cölln.
* 1240 – Marienfelde church built (approximate date).
* 1244 – 29 April: First documentation of Berlin.
* 1250
** Population: 1,200–2,000.
** Jesus Church (Berlin-Kaulsdorf) built (approximate date).
** Franziskaner-Klosterkirche built (approximate date).
** Karow (Berlin) church built (approximate date).
* 1253 – Oldest known town seal of Berlin.
* 1272 – Bakers' guild established.
* 1278 – Georgenhospital established.
* 1282 – First documentation of official papers of the Margrave of Brandenburg.
* 1292 – 3 January: St. Mary's Church in existence.
* 1300 – Heinersdorf church construction begins.
* 1307
** 20 March: Legal union of Berlin and Cölln.
** Population: 4,000–7,000.
* 1360 – Berlin-Cölln joins the Hanseatic League.
* 1380 – Fire.
* 1400
** Population: 7,000–8,500.
** 1,100 buildings.
* 1432 – Merger of Berlin and Cölln.
* 1433 – Schützengilde Berlin Korp. von 1433 [de] (militia) formed.
* 1442 – Berlin leaves the Hanseatic League.
* 1443 – Stadtschloss (palace) construction begins.
* 1446 – 7 December: Pogrom against Jews.
* 1448 – 14 October: Unsuccessful protest against the construction of the Stadtschloss. Town privileges curtailed.
* 1450 – Population: 7,000–8,000.
* 1451 – Stadtschloss built.
* 1454 – St. Erasmus Chapel consecrated.
* 1468 – First documentation of Kammergericht.
* 1484 – 18 October: Jerusalem Church in existence.
* 1486 – 11 March: Berlin Stadtschloss becomes permanent seat of Brandenburg Electors.
* 1510 – 100 Jews accused of desecrating hosts. 38 burned, the rest banished and stripped of their possessions.
* 1530 – Tiergarten hunting park built.
* 1539 – 1 November: Protestant Reformation.
* 1540
** Church possessions secularized.
** Printing press in operation.
* 1542 – Kurfürstendamm avenue built.
* 1543 – Jagdschloss Grunewald hunting lodge built.
* 1558 – Köpenick Palace built.
* 1576
** Population: 11,000–12,000.
** Bubonic plague kills 6,000 people.
* 1594 – Spandau Citadel built.

## 17th century

* 1600 – Population: 9,000.
* 1618 – Population: 12,000.
* 1631 – Population: 8,100.
* 1636 – Joachimsthalsches Gymnasium (school) relocates to Berlin.
* 1647 – Unter den Linden boulevard laid out.
* 1642 – Population: 7,500.
* 1648 – Population: 6,000.
* 1650 – Berlin Fortress construction begins.
* 1653 – Alte Kommandantur built.
* 1661 – Library of the Elector opened.
* 1664 – Schönhausen Palace built.
* 1669 – Kronprinzenpalais built.
* 1671 – 21 May: 50 Jewish families from Austria settled in Berlin.
* 1674 – Dorotheenstadt receives town privileges.
* 1677 – Köpenick Palace rebuilt and enlarged.
* 1678 – Dorotheen Church built.
* 1680 – Population: 10,000.
* 1685
** 29 June: Börse Berlin stock exchange founded.
** 6,000 Huguenots settle in Berlin.
** Wooden Neustädtische Brücke built.
** Population: 17,500.
* 1688
** Gendarmenmarkt laid out.
** Jungfern Bridge built.
** Leipziger Straße (street) laid out.
** Population: 18,000–20,000.
* 1690 – Hohenschönhausen Castle built.
* 1691 – Friedrichstadt (Berlin) founded.
* 1693 – Jagdschloss Glienicke completed.
* 1695
** 21 July: Sebastiankirche opened.
** Friedrichsfelde Palace built.
** Lange-brucke (bridge) built.
* 1696 – Academy of Arts founded.

## 18th century

* 1700
** 11 July: Electoral Brandenburg Society of Sciences founded.
** Population: 28,500.
* 1701 – 18 January: Berlin becomes capital of the Kingdom of Prussia.
* 1702 – Friedrichs-Waisenhaus Rummelsburg orphanage and infirmary established.
* 1703
** 8 July: Parochialkirche opened.
** Wooden Friedrichs Bridge built.
* 1704 – Vossische Zeitung founded.
* 1705
** Charlottenburg founded.
** French Cathedral built in Friedrichstadt.
* 1706 – Zeughaus built.
* 1708
** 9 April: Neue Kirche completed in Friedrichstadt.
** Frankfurter Allee built.
* 1709
** Berlin merges with the cities of Cölln, Dorotheenstadt, Friedrichstadt, and Friedrichswerder to create the capital and royal residence of Berlin.
** Population: 55,196.
* 1710 – Charité hospital established.
* 1712 – Population: 61,000.
* 1713
** 18 June: Spandauische Kirche inaugurated.
** Charlottenburg Palace built.
** Nicolaische Buchhandlung (bookseller) in business.
* 1715 – City hosts Treaty of Berlin (1715).
* 1716 – 12 July: Luisenkirche inaugurated.
* 1717 – Compulsory schooling established.
* 1720 – Späth nursery founded.
* 1721 – Population: 65,300.
* 1722 – Garrison Church built.
* 1726 – Population: 72,000.
* 1730 – Population: 72,387.
* 1732
** 13 December: Treaty of the Three Black Eagles signed by Prussia.
** 1,200 Bohemians settle in Berlin to escape religious persecution.
** Population: 77,973.
** Crown Prince's Palace remodelled.
* 1733
** Prinzessinnenpalais built.
** Population: 79,017.
* 1734
** Potsdam Gate constructed.
** Pariser Platz laid out.
** Das Rondell laid out.
* 1735 – Population: 86,000.
* 1737
** City fortifications replaced by the Berlin Customs Wall
** Opera Palace constructed.
** Zietenplatz built.
* 1738 – Ordenspalais built.
* 1739
** 13 August: Holy Trinity Church built.
** Prinz-Albrecht-Palais built.
* 1740 – Population: 90,000.
* 1742
** 28 July: City hosts signing of the Treaty of Berlin (1742).
** 7 December: Berlin State Opera house inaugurated.
* 1743 – Opernplatz (square) laid out.
* 1746 – Population: 97,000.
* 1747 – Population: 107,224.
* 1748
** Berlin Cathedral built.
** Population: 107,635.
* 1749 – Population: 110,933.
* 1750 – Population: 113,289.
* 1751
** 22 September: Ackerstraße building begins.
** Population: 116,483.
* 1752 – Population: 119,224.
* 1753
** Palais am Festungsgraben built.
** Luisenstädtische Kirche rebuilt.
** Population: 122,897.
* 1754 – Population: 125,385.
* 1755 – Population: 126,661.
* 1756 – Population: 99,224.
* 1757
** 16 October: 1757 raid on Berlin. Austrian general András Hadik raids Berlin.
** Population: 94,219.
* 1758 – Population: 92,356.
* 1759 – Population: 94,433.
* 1760
** 9–12 October: Raid on Berlin. City taken by Russian and Austrian forces.
** Population: 95,245.
* 1761 – Population: 98,238.
* 1762 – Population: 98,090.
* 1763
** 19 September: Royal Porcelain Factory, Berlin founded in Charlottenburg.
** Population: 119,219.
* 1764
** Döbbelinsches Theater opened, the first permanent German-language theater in Berlin.
** Population: 122,667.
* 1765
** Bank established.
** Population: 125,139.
* 1766
** Ephraim Palace built in Nikolaiviertel.
** Population: 125,878.
* 1767 – Population: 127,140.
* 1768 – Population: 130,359.
* 1769
** Brick Friedrichs Bridge built.
** Population: 132,365.
* 1770
** Bergakademie Berlin established.
** Population: 133,520.
* 1771 – Population: 133,639.
* 1772 – Population: 131,126.
* 1773
** 1 November: St. Hedwig's Church consecrated.
** Population: 132,204.
* 1774
** Französisches Komödienhaus established.
** Population: 134,414.
* 1775 – Population: 136,137.
* 1776 – Population: 137,468.
* 1777 – Population: 140,719.
* 1778 – Population: 124,963.
* 1779 – Population: 138,225.
* 1780
** Alte Bibliothek (Berlin) [de] (library) built.
** Population: 140,625.
* 1781 – Population: 142,375.
* 1782 – Population: 143,098.
* 1783
** Wednesday Society active.
** Berlinische Monatsschrift (magazine) begins publication.
** Population: 144,224.
* 1784 – Population: 145,021.
* 1785 – Population: 146,647.
* 1786
** Bellevue Palace built.
** Population: 147,338.
* 1787 – Population: 146,167.
* 1788 – Population: 149,274.
* 1789 – Population: 149,875.
* 1790 – Population: 150,803.
* 1791
** 24 May: Sing-Akademie zu Berlin (choral society) founded.
** Brandenburg Gate dedicated.
** Population: 155,211.
* 1792 – Population: 157,534.
* 1793 – Population: 157,121.
* 1794 – Population: 157,603.
* 1795
** First steam engine in Berlin, used to power spinning machines.
** Population: 156,218.
* 1796
** Zuckerbäckerei Johann Josty & Co. established.
** Population: 160,733.
* 1797
** Pfaueninsel Palace built.
** Population: 164,978.
* 1798 – Population: 169,019.
* 1799
** 18 March: Bauakademie founded.
** Population: 169,510.

## 19th century
### 1800s–1860s

* 1800 – Population: 172,132.
* 1801 – Population: 176,709.
* 1802 – Population: 177,029.
* 1803 – Population: 178,309.
* 1804
** Royal Prussian Iron Foundry established.
** Population: 182,157.
* 1805
** 25 October: Alexanderplatz renamed in honor of Tsar Alexander I of Russia.
** Population: 155,706.
* 1806
** 24 October: Berlin occupied by the French army.
** 21 November: Napoleon issues Berlin Decree while passing through city.
** Population: 155,000.
* 1807 – Population: 150,489.
* 1808
** December: French occupation ends.
** Population: 145,941.
* 1809
** Elections to city council held.
** 25 March: Berlin Police formed.
** 4 November: Gesetzlose Gesellschaft zu Berlin founded.
** Population: 151,119.
* 1810
** 15 October: University of Berlin established.
*** Natural History Museum established as part of the University of Berlin.
** Population: 162,971.
* 1811 – Population: 169,763.
* 1812
** Café Josty in business (approximate date).
** Population: 171,000.
* 1813 – Population: 178,641.
* 1814 – Population: 185,659.
* 1815
** 10 March: Nathan Israel Department Store established.
** City becomes part of the Province of Brandenburg.
** Population: 197,717.
* 1816
** First continental European locomotive built at the Royal Prussian Iron Foundry.
** Population: 197,817.
* 1817 – Population: 195,689.
* 1818
** 18 September: Neue Wache inaugurated.
** Population: 198,125.
* 1819 – Population: 209,138.
* 1820 – Population: 201,900.
* 1821
** 30 March: Prussian National Monument for the Liberation Wars opened.
** 18 June: Schauspielhaus Berlin (theatre) inaugurated.
** Population: 205,965.
* 1822 – Population: 209,146.
* 1824
** 29 February: Berlin Missionary Society constituted.
** Schlossbrücke rebuilt.
* 1825
** 1 December: Population: 220,277.
** Sing-Akademie building constructed.
** First horsebus line operational.
* 1826
** Glienicke Palace built.
** First gas lighting in Berlin at the Unter den Linden.
** Crelle's Journal founded.
* 1827 – 29 April: Premiere of Mendelssohn's opera Hochzeit des Camacho.
* 1828
** 1 December: Population: 236,830.
** Berlin Geographical Society founded.
* 1830
** 3 August: Königliches Museum opens.
** Museum Vaterländischer Altertümer formed.
* 1831
** 10 July: Friedrichswerder Church inaugurated.
** 1 December: Population: 248,682.
* 1834
** 3 December: Population: 265,122.
** Café Kranzler in business.
* 1835 – 24 April: Berlin Observatory opened.
* 1837
** 13 August: Ss. Peter and Paul inaugurated.
** 3 December: Population: 283,722.
** August Borsig founds Machine factory on Chausseestraße.
** Old Palace built.
** Schinkelplatz laid out.
* 1838
** 22 September: Berlin-Zehlendorf station opened.
** 29 October:
*** first railway in Prussia, the Berlin–Potsdam railway opened.
*** Berlin Potsdamer Bahnhof opened.
** Bote & Bock music publisher in business.
* 1839 – 13 June: Berlin Rathaus Steglitz station opened.
* 1840
** 3 December: Population: 330,230.
** Zwei Friedenssäulen erected outside Charlottenburg Palace.
* 1841
** 1 July:
*** Berlin–Halle railway opened.
*** Berlin Anhalter Bahnhof opened.
** Verein Berliner Künstler [de] (artists association) founded.
* 1842
** 1 August: Bernau bei Berlin station opened.
** 1 October: Stettiner Bahnhof opened.
** 23 October:
*** Berlin–Wrocław railway opened.
*** Frankfurter Bahnhof opened.
*** Berlin-Friedrichshagen station opened.
*** Berlin-Köpenick station opened.
** Johann Friedrich Ludwig Wöhlert opens locomotive factory at Chausseestrasse No. 29.
** Springer-Verlag (publisher) in business.
* 1843
** 3 December: Population: 353,149.
** Royal Opera House rebuilt.
* 1844
** Kroll Opera House opened.
** Berlin Zoological Garden opened.
* 1845
** 14 January: Physical Society of Berlin established.
** Stadtschloss completed.
* 1846
** 24 September: Discovery of Neptune planet at the Observatory.
** 15 October:
*** Berlin–Hamburg Railway opened.
*** Berlin-Stresow station opened.
*** Hamburger Bahnhof opened.
*** Nauen station opened.
** 3 December: Population: 408,502.
** 15 December: Berlin–Hamburg Railway completed.
* 1847
** April: Prussian parliament begins meeting in the Stadtschloss.
** 1 October: Siemens founded.
** Stern Gesangverein founded.
** Neue Berliner Musikzeitung begins publishing.
* 1848
** 18 March: "Barricade fights." King Friedrich Wilhelm promises reforms.
** 22 May: Elected assembly held.
** 15 June: Political unrest.
** 21 November: St. Marien am Behnitz consecrated.
** 5 December: Elected assembly dissolved and monarchist constitution imposed.
** Falkensee station opened.
* 1849
** 3 December: Population: 423,902.
** Moabit Prison [de] built.
** Berliner Gummiwaarenfabrik founded.
** Wolffs Telegraphisches Bureau in business.
* 1850
** 31 January: Prussian House of Lords established.
** Berliner Musikschule (music school) founded.
** Friedrich-von-Raumer-Bibliothek founded.
* 1851
** 31 May: Equestrian statue of Frederick the Great inaugurated on Unter den Linden.
** 15 October: Disconto-Gesellschaft founded.
** 19 November: Corps Vandalia-Teutonia founded.
** Schering AG founded.
* 1852
** 3 October: Eisengießerei und Maschinen-Fabrik von L. Schwartzkopff founded.
** 3 December: Population: 438,958.
** Luisenstadt Canal constructed.
* 1853
** 1 October: C. Bechstein Pianofortefabrik founded.
** F. W. Borchardt [de] delicatessen founded.
** Katholischer Studentenverein Askania-Burgundia Berlin established.
* 1855
** 3 December: Population: 447,483.
** Advertising columns installed in city.
** New Museum opens.
* 1856 – J. F. Schwarzlose Söhne perfume maker founded.
* 1857 – Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift scientific journal founded.
* 1858 – Population: 458,637.
* 1859
** 10 May: Alexander von Humboldt funeral.
** Berlin-Spandau Ship Canal opened.
** Charlottenburg Canal opened.
* 1860 – Customs Wall removed.
* 1861
** Moabit and Wedding become part of Berlin.
** Tiergarten locality established.
** Deutsche Allgemeine Zeitung begins publishing.
** 28 October: St. Michael's Church consecrated.
** 3 December: Population: 547,571.
* 1862 – Berthold Kempinski wine shop in business.
* 1863
** Photographers Association founded.
** Exchange built.
** Ed. Westermayer piano manufacturer founded.
** Grieben-Verlag [sv] (publisher) in business.
* 1864
** Wallner Theater built.
** 3 December: Population: 632,749.
* 1865 – 22 June: First horse-drawn tram line set up.
* 1866
** 27 February: Lette-Verein (women's educational organization) founded.
** 7 May: Ferdinand Cohen-Blind's assassination attempt against Otto von Bismarck.
** 5 September: New Synagogue consecrated.
** 13 September: Berlin-Grünau station opened.
** Berlin–Görlitz railway opened.
** Westend (Berlin) locality established.
* 1867
** 29 September: Friedrichstadt-Palast built.
** 1 October: Berlin Old Ostbahnhof opened.
** 3 December: Population: 702,437.
* 1868
** 24 May: Berlin-Schöneweide station opened.
** 20 September: Berlin-Lichterfelde Ost station opened.
** City wall dismantled.
** Berliner Pfandbriefinstitut bank established.
** Palais Strousberg built.
** Biesdorf Palace built.
** Kunstgewerbemuseum Berlin established.
* 1869
** 25 August: Kaulsdorf station opened.
** 3 October: Rotes Rathaus (city hall) opened.
** Royal School of Art in Berlin founded.
** St. Thomas inaugurated.

### 1870s–1890s

* 1870 – 10 March: Deutsche Bank established.
* 1871
** 18 January: Berlin becomes capital of the newly unified German Empire.
** 17 July: Berlin Ringbahn (railway) begins operating.
** 1 December: Population: 826,341.
** Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing founded.
* 1872
** 1 January:
*** Berlin-Gesundbrunnen station opened.
*** Berlin-Neukölln station opened.
*** Berlin-Tempelhof station opened.
** 1 May:
*** Berlin Frankfurter Allee station opened.
*** Berlin-Wedding station opened.
** 15 December: Berlin-Lichterfelde West station opened.
** German Society of Surgery founded.
** Ludwig Loewe & Co. in business.
** Berlin-Lichterfelde West station built.
* 1873
** 2 September: Victory Column inaugurated on Königsplatz.
** Ethnological Museum of Berlin opened.
* 1874
** 1 June:
*** Wannsee Railway opened.
*** Berlin-Schlachtensee station opened.
*** Berlin-Wannsee station opened.
** 1 November: Berlin-Friedenau station opened.
** Fachschule für Dekomponieren, Komponieren und Musterzeichnen established.
** Twelve Apostels Church opened.
* 1875
** 1 February: Berlin Treptow station opened.
** 1 May: Berlin Greifswalder Straße station opened.
** 17 June:
*** Berlin Dresdner Bahnhof opened.
*** Marienfelde station opened.
*** Rangsdorf railway station opened.
** 15 October: Royal Prussian Military Railway opened.
** 1 December: Population: 966,858.
** Socialist Workers' Party of Germany headquartered in Berlin.
** Hotel Kaiserhof in business.
** Königliche Hochschule für Musik active.
* 1876
** 1 January: Reichsbank established.
** 1 April: Orenstein & Koppel founded.
** 31 December: Population: 980,194.
** Imperial Health Agency established.
** National Gallery opens.
** Spandau Prison built.
* 1877
** 1 June: Berlin-Blankenburg station opened.
** 10 July:
*** Berlin-Hermsdorf station opened.
*** Berlin-Schönholz station opened.
*** Berlin-Wilhelmsruh station opened.
*** Berlin-Wittenau station opened.
*** Berlin Wollankstraße station opened.
*** Berlin Old Nordbahnhof opened.
** 15 November:
*** Berlin Ringbahn completed.
*** Berlin-Halensee station opened.
*** Berlin Hermannstraße station opened.
*** Berlin-Westend station opened.
** Berlin Wuhlheide station opened.
** 31 December: Population: 1,008,566.
** Wasserturm Prenzlauer Berg water tower completed.
* 1878
** 13 July: City hosts Congress of Berlin.
** Berlin Stadtbahn (city railway) begins operating.
* 1879
** 1 April: Technische Hochschule in Charlottenburg (now Technische Universität Berlin) formed.
** 15 May: Berlin-Rahnsdorf station opened.
** 26 June: Berlin-Buch station opened.
** 1 August:
*** Berlin-Grunewald station opened.
*** Berlin Schönhauser Allee station opened.
** 1 September: Rangierbahnhof station opened.
** Imperial Treasury headquartered in city.
** Crown Prince Bridge built.
** Plötzensee Prison established.
* 1880
** 15 June: New Berlin Anhalter Bahnhof opened.
** 15 August: Südende station opened.
** 9 September: Weißensee cemetery inaugurated.
** 15 October: Berlin-Pankow station opened.
** 1 December: Population: 1,122,330.
** Berlin movement initiated.
** Matthew Church (Berlin-Steglitz) built.
* 1881
** 29 April: Electromote presented.
** 4 May: Berlin Storkower Straße station opened.
** 16 May: Gross-Lichterfelde Tramway in service, the world's first electric tram line.
** 15 October: Berlin Julius-Leber-Brücke station opened.
** Berlin administrative district separates from Province of Brandenburg.
** Martin-Gropius-Bau built.
** Berlin-Lichtenberg station opened.
** Zentralfriedhof Friedrichsfelde cemetery built.
** Städtischer Friedhof III cemetery built.
** Industrial museum established.
* 1882
** 7 February:
*** Berlin Stadtbahn (railway) begins operating.
*** Berlin Alexanderplatz station opened.
*** Berlin Bellevue station opened.
*** Berlin-Charlottenburg station opened.
*** Berlin Hackescher Markt station opened.
*** Berlin Zoologischer Garten railway station opened.
*** Berlin Jannowitzbrücke station opened.
*** Berlin Friedrichstraße station opened
*** Stralau-Rummelsburg station opened.
** 1 May: Berlin Philharmonic established.
** 15 November:
*** Berlin-Karow station opened.
*** Neu-Rahnsdorf station opened.
** Pestalozzi-Fröbel Haus founded.
** Berlin-Blankenheim railway opened.
** Kietz-Rummelsburg station opened.
* 1883
** 1 June: Lichtenrade station opened.
** 15 December: Berlin Heidelberger Platz station opened.
** AEG founded.
** Berliner Lokal-Anzeiger founded.
* 1884
** Dankeskirche (church) built.
** 20 May: Berlin-Waidmannslust station opened.
** 11 August: Berlin Warschauer Straße station opened.
** 7 September: Dahlewitz railway station opened.
** 15 November: City hosts West Africa Conference.
* 1885
** 5 January: Berlin-Tiergarten station opened.
** 26 February: West Africa Conference concluded.
** 1 August: Berlin-Biesdorf station opened.
** 19 November: St. George's Anglican Church inaugurated.
** 1 December: Population: 1,315,287.
** St. George's Anglican Church built.
* 1886 – Ethnological museum established.
* 1887
** German Colonial Society headquartered in Berlin.
** Kaiser-Wilhelm-Brücke (Berlin) [de] (bridge) and Heiligekreuzkirche (church) built.
** Society for Friends of Photography founded.
* 1888
** 3 March: Urania founded.
** 15 April: BFC Germania 1888 founded.
** 11 September: Lessing Theater opened.
* 1889
** 6 June: BFC Viktoria 1889 founded.
** 14 June: Treaty of Berlin (1889) signed over Samoa.
** Museum of Natural History opens.
** Academic Alpine Club of Berlin formed.
* 1890
** 5 February: Allianz founded.
** 20 May: Baumschulenweg station opened.
** 1 December: Population: 1,578,794.
** May Day begins.
** Wittenbergplatz laid out.
* 1891
** April: Moltke Bridge opened.
** 1 July: Robert Koch Institute founded.
** 1 October: Western Berlin Yorckstraße station opened.
** Oder–Spree Canal opened.
** Hotel Bristol in business.
* 1892
** 4 January: Berliner Illustrirte Zeitung begins publishing.
** 1 May:
** Berlin Bundesplatz station opened.
** Berlin Prenzlauer Allee station opened.
** 2 July: Berliner SV 1892 founded.
** 25 July: Hertha BSC founded.
** 24 September: Komische Oper Berlin opened.
** 20 December: Wriezen Railway opened.
** Neues Theater opens.
** Luther Bridge opened.
* 1893
** 26 February: Gethsemane Church inaugurated.
** 26 June: St. Sebastian opened.
** 1 August: Lichterfelde Süd station opened.
** 1 October:
*** First section of the Kremmen Railway opened.
*** Berlin Alt-Reinickendorf station opened.
*** Berlin Karl-Bonhoeffer-Nervenklinik station opened.
*** Berlin-Pankow-Heinersdorf station opened.
*** Schulzendorf railway station opened.
*** Berlin-Tegel railway station opened.
*** Hennigsdorf station opened.
** 20 December: Second section of the Kremmen Railway opened.
** Department of Medical Microbiology (Schering AG) established.
** Mendelssohn Palace built.
* 1894
** 8 January: Adlershof station opened.
** 1 May:
*** Berlin Beusselstraße station opened.
*** Berlin Jungfernheide station opened.
** 1 October: Eichborndamm station opened.
** 5 December: Reichstag building completed.
** Friedrichs Bridge completely rebuilt.
** Chapel of Reconciliation built.
** Ss. Constantine and Helena Church built.
* 1895
** 15 February: Attilastraße station opened.
** 1 May:
*** Berlin-Karlshorst station opened.
*** Berlin Landsberger Allee station opened.
** 1 September:
*** Kaiser Wilhelm Memorial Church consecrated.
*** Mahlsdorf railway station opened.
** 15 September: Spandau Synagogue dedicated.
** 1 December:
*** Population: 1,677,304.
*** Lankwitz station opened.
** 13 December: Premiere of Mahler's Symphony No. 2.
** 17 December: Berolina unveiled.
** Pan (magazine) begins publishing.
* 1896
** Oberbaum Bridge rebuilt.
** 1 May: Great Industrial Exposition of Berlin opened.
** 8 June: Baumschulenweg–Neukölln link line opened.
** 1 August: Berlin Savignyplatz station opened.
** September: Treptow Observatory opened.
** 17 September: Weidendammer Bridge rebuilt.
** 15 October: Great Industrial Exposition of Berlin closed.
** Messter Film in business.
* 1897
** 22 March: National Kaiser Wilhelm Monument unveiled.
** 1 May: Heiligensee station opened.
** 30 September: International Automobile Exhibition begins.
** Rot-Weiss Tennis Club founded.
* 1898
** 1 May:
*** Ahrensfelde station opened.
*** Berlin-Marzahn station opened.
** 31 August: Population: 1,820,000.
** 1 October: Berlin Westhafen station opened.
** 15 October: Wriezen Railway completed.
** Jewel Palace (Berlin) built.
** Einkaufsgenossenschaft der Kolonialwarenhändler im Halleschen Torbezirk zu Berlin established.
** Berlin Secession (art group) founded.
** Café des Westens in business.
* 1899
** 18 March: Die Woche begins publishing.
** 30 April: Kopenhagener Straße opened.
** 2 December: Tripartite Convention signed, dividing Samoa into German and American spheres of influence.
** Deutsches Kolonialmuseum [de] (museum) opens.

## 20th century
### 1900s–1945

* 1900
** 15 August: Berlin-Staaken station opened.
** 1 December: Population: 1,888,848.
** Berlin Automobile Association founded.
** Viktoria-Luise-Platz laid out.
* 1901
** Population: 1,901,567.
** 18 January: Überbrettl cabaret opened.
** 1 October: Teltow railway station opened.
** 1 December:
** Anhalt Suburban Line opened.
** Berlin Papestraße station opened.
** Neuer Marstall built.
** Catholic Apostolic Church (Kreuzberg) opened.
* 1902
** 15 February:
*** Berlin U-Bahn begins operating.
*** Kottbusser Tor (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Möckernbrücke (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
** 18 February:
*** Görlitzer Bahnhof (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Hallesches Tor (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened (U1 line).
*** Berlin Potsdamer Platz station station opened.
*** Berlin Potsdamer Platz station station opened.
*** Schlesisches Tor (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
** 11 March:
*** Bülowstraße (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Nollendorfplatz (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Berlin Zoologischer Garten U-Bahn station opened.
*** Wittenbergplatz (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
** 1 May: Berlin-Nikolassee station opened.
** 22 July: Capernaum Church completed.
** 17 August: Warschauer Straße (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
** 14 December:
*** Ernst-Reuter-Platz (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
* 1903
** 1 May: Western Berlin Yorckstraße station opened.
** 27 May: Telefunken founded.
** 1 October: Berlin-Friedrichsfelde Ost station opened.
** German Colonial House built.
** Original American Church in Berlin built.
* 1904
** 4 September: Rykestrasse Synagogue inaugurated.
** 1 November: Zehlendorf-Beerenstraße station opened.
** Kaiser-Friedrich-Museum opens.
** Tietz department store in business on Alexanderplatz.
* 1905
** 27 February: Berlin Cathedral consecrated after rebuilding.
** 20 May: Charlottenburg Town Hall opened.
** 1 June: Siemensstadt-Fürstenbrunn station opened.
** 20 December: Tabor Church consecrated.
** Neues Schauspielhaus built.
** Population: 2,040,148.
* 1906
** 14 May:
*** Deutsche Oper (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Richard-Wagner-Platz (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
** 2 June: Teltow Canal opened.
** 23 September: Hackesche Höfe courtyard opened.
** 8 November: Museum of East Asian Art founded.
** Britz Canal opened.
** Griebnitz Canal opened.
** Virchow Hospital opens in Moabit.
* 1907
** 1 January: Schiller Theater opened.
** 17 February: Reformation Church consecrated.
** 27 March: Kaufhaus des Westens established.
** 16 November: Glienicke Bridge inaugurated.
** Hotel Fürstenhof built.
** Märkisches Museum built in Köllnischer Park.
* 1908
** 29 March:
*** Kaiserdamm (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Sophie-Charlotte-Platz (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Theodor-Heuss-Platz (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
** 2 April: Hotel Excelsior opened.
** 1 October:
*** Hausvogteiplatz (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Kaiserhof U-Bahn station opened.
*** Spittelmarkt (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Stadtmitte (Berlin U-Bahn) U2 platform opened.
** Reichskanzlerplatz laid out.
** Charlottenburg Gate opened.
** Hotel Esplanade Berlin opened.
** Friedrichstraßenpassage shopping arcade built.
** Shot Ball Tower (Berlin) built.
* 1909
** 1 May: Berlin Botanischer Garten station opened.
** 23 May: Rennbahn station opened.
** 26 September: Johannisthal Air Field opened.
** 1 November: Berlin Heerstraße station opened.
** AEG turbine factory built.
** Expressionist Der Neue Club founded.
* 1910
** April: Liebermann Villa completed.
** 1 May: Berlin-Frohnau station opened.
** 24 May: Berlin-Dahlem Botanical Garden and Botanical Museum opened.
** 15 July: Berlin-Spandau station opened.
** 7 August: Last horse-drawn tram line closed.
** 17 November: Hohenzollern-Sport-Palast opened.
** 1 November: Berlin Hohenzollerndamm station opened.
** 1 December:
*** Population: 2,071,257.
*** Bayerischer Platz (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Berlin Innsbrucker Platz station station opened.
*** Rathaus Schöneberg (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Viktoria-Luise-Platz (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
** Berlin Hohenzollerndamm station built.
** Rathaus Schöneberg (Berlin U-Bahn) opened.
** Der Sturm magazine begins publication.
* 1911
** 9 April: Tabor Church (Berlin-Wilhelmshagen) consecrated.
** 5 September: Berlin-Pichelsberg railway station opened.
** 1 October: Berlin Sonnenallee station opened.
** 29 October: Altes Stadthaus inaugurated.
** 31 December: Population: 2,084,045.
** Kaiser Wilhelm Society for the Advancement of Sciences founded.
** Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry founded.
** Hotel Esplanade built.
** Haus Cumberland built.
** Spandau Suburban Line opened.
** Die Aktion magazine begins publication.
* 1912
** February: Haus Potsdam built.
** 26 August: Fasanenstrasse Synagogue opened.
** 22 September: Mater Dolorosa church consecrated.
** 3 November: Gleisdreieck (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
** 7 November: Deutsche Oper Berlin opened.
** 31 December: Population: 2,095,030.
* 1913
** 8 June:
*** Deutsches Stadion (Berlin) opened.
*** Stadion U-Bahn station opened.
** 15 June: Märchenbrunnen opened.
** 1 July:
*** Berlin Alexanderplatz station U-Bahn line U2 opened.
*** Klosterstraße (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Märkisches Museum (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
** 27 July:
*** Eberswalder Straße (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Schönhauser Tor U-Bahn station opened.
*** Berlin Schönhauser Allee station station opened.
*** Senefelderplatz (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
** 12 October:
*** Breitenbachplatz (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Dahlem-Dorf (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Fehrbelliner Platz (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Berlin Heidelberger Platz U-Bahn station opened.
*** Hohenzollernplatz (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Podbielskiallee (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Rüdesheimer Platz (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Freie Universität (Thielplatz) (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Thielpalatz U-Bahn station opened.
** 17 October: Johannisthal air disaster.
** 31 December: Population: 2,079,156.
** Cines-Palast (cinema) opened.
** Neukölln Ship Canal opened.
** Schillerpark opened.
* 1914
** 25 March: Rathaus Schöneberg opened.
** 31 December: Population: 1,945,684.
** Volksbühne (theatre) and Bendlerblock built.
** Pacifist Bund Neues Vaterland [de] headquartered in city.
* 1915 – 31 December: Population: 1,835,094.
* 1916
** 1 April: Witzleben station opened.
** 19 November: Deulig Film company established.
** 1 December: Population: 1,771,491.
** Schleusen Bridge rebuilt.
** Eiserne Bridge rebuilt.
** Körnerpark opened.
* 1917
** 22 November: Standardisation Committee of German Industry founded.
** 5 December: Population: 1,744,085.
** 13 December: Deutsche Luft-Reederei founded.
** 18 December: UFA GmbH established.
** Rathaus Friedenau built.
* 1918
** 9 November:
*** Proclamation of the Republic by Philipp Scheidemann from the Reichstag building.
*** Die Rote Fahne newspaper begins publication.
** 23 December: The Volksmarinedivision occupies the Reich Chancellery.
** 24 December: Christmas crisis.
** 31 December: Population: 1,748,000.
* 1919
** 1 January: Communist Party of Germany founded.
** 5–12 January: Spartacist uprising.
** 15 January: Socialists Rosa Luxemburg and Karl Liebknecht killed by Freikorps.
** February: Dadaist Jedermann sein eigner Fussball published.
** 3–16 March: Berlin March Battles: Socialist uprising crushed by the government, 1,200 killed.
** 10 March: Marxist revolutionary Leo Jogiches killed by right-wing paramilitaries.
** May: Premiere of LGBT-themed film Anders als die Andern.
** 22 June: Prizyv begins publishing.
** 6 July: Institut für Sexualwissenschaft opened.
** 8 October: Population: 1,902,508.
** 7 November: SPD politician Hugo Haase killed by Johann Voss.
** 31 December: Population: 1,928,432.
** City becomes capital of the Weimar Republic.
** Deutsche Luft-Reederei airline begins operating its Weimar-Berlin route.
* 1920
** February: Berlin Psychoanalytic Institute established.
** 13–17 March: Kapp Putsch.
** June: First International Dada Fair held.
** 20 June: SC Berliner Amateure founded.
** 7 August: Stadion An der Alten Försterei opened.
** 16 August: Köllnische Heide station opened.
** 1 October: City area expands per Greater Berlin Act, incorporating Charlottenburg, Köpenick, Lichtenberg, Neukölln, Schöneberg, Spandau, and Wilmersdorf.
** October: Deutsche Hochschule für Politik founded.
** 31 December: Population: 3,879,409.
** Lokomotiv-Versuchsamt Grunewald facility established.
** Akaflieg Berlin founded.
* 1921
** 15 March: Assassination of Talat Pasha by Soghomon Tehlirian.
** 25 August: U.S.–German Peace Treaty (1921) signed.
** 24 September: AVUS established.
** 31 December: Population: 3,914,151.
** Archenhold School built.
* 1922
** 28 March: Assassination of Vladimir Dmitrievich Nabokov by Russian monarchists.
** 17 April: Cemal Azmi assassinated by Armenian revolutionaries.
** 27 April: Release of the first part of Dr. Mabuse the Gambler by Fritz Lang, filmed and set in Berlin.
** 22 May: Neu-Westend (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
** 24 June: Foreign Minister Walther Rathenau assassinated.
** December: International of Revolutionary Syndicalists founded in Berlin.
** 31 December: Population: 3,953,920.
* 1923
** 30 January:
*** Französische Straße (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Berlin Friedrichstraße U-Bahn station opened.
*** Hallesches Tor U6 line opened.
*** Kochstraße (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Oranienburger Tor (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Naturkundemuseum (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Stadtmitte (Berlin U-Bahn) U6 platform opened.
** 8 March:
*** Leopoldplatz (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Reinickendorfer Straße (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Schwartzkopffstraße (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Seestraße (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Berlin-Wedding U-Bahn station opened.
** 25 August: Last horsebus run in Berlin.
** 8 October: Tempelhof Airport established.
** 31 December: Population: 3,918,985.
* 1924
** 9 February: Stadion am Gesundbrunnen opened.
** 19 April:
*** Mehringdamm (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Gneisenaustraße (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
** 31 May: Bank of Workers, Employees, and Civil Servants established.
** 7 July: Stadt und Land founded.
** 14 December: Südstern (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
** 31 December: Population: 3,986,458.
** Traffic light installed in Potsdamer Platz.
** Internationale Funkausstellung Berlin (radio exhibit) begins.
** Berlin Radio Symphony Orchestra active.
* 1925
** 1 February: Deutsche Werke formed.
** 26 April: Ahmadiyya Mosque Berlin inaugurated.
** 16 June: Population: 4,024,286.
** 31 December: Population: 4,082,778.
** Hufeisensiedlung housing estate construction begins.
* 1926
** 6 January: Deutsche Luft Hansa founded.
** 14 February: Kreuzberg U-Bahn station opened.
** 11 April:
*** Hermannplatz (Berlin U-Bahn) U7 platform opened.
*** Bergstrasse U-Bahn station opened.
*** Rathaus Neukölln (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
** 24 April: Treaty of Berlin (1926) signed with the Soviet Union.
** 3 September: Funkturm Berlin (radio tower) erected.
** 24 October:
*** Kurfürstenstraße (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Nollendorfplatz U-Bahn station platforms added.
** 31 December: Population: 4,125,824.
** Das Buddhistische Haus built.
* 1927
** 10 January: Premiere of film Metropolis.
** 1 May: Adolf Hitler gives his first speech in Berlin, at the Clou Concert Hall [de].
** 4 July: Der Angriff begins publishing.
** 17 July:
*** U8 (Berlin U-Bahn) line opened.
*** Boddinstraße (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Hermannplatz (Berlin U-Bahn) U8 platform opened.
*** Schönleinstraße (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
** 10 September: Paradestraße (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
** 17 November: Betriebshaltepunkt Nieder-Schöneweide station opened.
** 31 December: Population: 4,195,725.
** Tempelhof Airport terminal built.
** Kaiser Wilhelm Institute of Anthropology, Human Heredity, and Eugenics founded.
* 1928
** 12 February: Kottbusser Tor U-Bahn station U8 platform opened.
** 6 April:
*** Neanderstraße U-Bahn station opened.
*** Moritzplatz (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
** 23 August: Berlin Eichkamp station opened.
** 31 August: Premiere of Brecht's The Threepenny Opera.
** 1 October: Founding of NSDAP Gau Berlin.
** 7 October: Priesterweg station opened.
** 10 December: Berlin Westkreuz station opened.
** 31 December: Population: 4,272,375.
** First TV broadcast in Berlin.
** Titania Palast (theatre) opens.
* 1929
** 11 April: Kino Babylon opened.
** 1–3 May: Blutmai unrest. 32 killed, 1,228 arrested and 11,000 rounds of ammunition fired by the police.
** 28 May: Poststadion opened.
** 4 August: Leinestraße (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
** 22 December:
*** Krumme Lanke (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Onkel Toms Hütte (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Oskar-Helene-Heim (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Ruhleben (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Berlin-Tempelhof U-Bahn station opened.
** 25 December: Lichtburg cinema opens.
** 31 December: Population: 4,328,760.
** Charlotten Bridge rebuilt.
** Spandauer Kirchenmusikschule established.
* 1930
** 18 April:
*** Berlin Alexanderplatz station U-Bahn line U8 opened.
*** Bernauer Straße (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Berlin-Gesundbrunnen U-Bahn station opened.
*** Berlin Jannowitzbrücke U-Bahn station opened.
*** Rosenthaler Platz (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Voltastraße (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Weinmeisterstraße (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
** 29 June: Vinetastraße (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
** 13 August: Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Berlin established.
** 17 August: Mommsenstadion opened.
** 30 September: Berlin rocket launching site opened.
** 21 December:
*** Berlin Alexanderplatz station U-Bahn line U8 opened.
*** Frankfurter Allee (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Frankfurter Tor (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Friedrichsfelde (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Grenzallee (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Neukölln (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Magdalenenstraße (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Berlin-Lichtenberg station U-Bahn station opened.
*** Samariterstraße (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Schillingstraße (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Strausberger Platz (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Weberwiese (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
** 31 December: Population: 4,332,834.
** Pergamon Museum built.
* 1931
** 22 January: Haus des Rundfunks inaugurated.
** 9 August: Murder of Paul Anlauf and Franz Lenck.
** 31 December: Population: 4,314,466.
** Großsiedlung Siemensstadt housing built.
* 1932
** 24 January: Hitler Youth member Herbert Norkus killed by Communists.
** 14–20 March: Ice Hockey European Championship 1932.
** 3–7 November: 1932 Berlin transport strike.
** 31 December: Population: 4,273,701.
** Columbushaus built on Potsdamer Platz.
* 1933
** Nazi headquarters relocated to Berlin from Munich.
** 30 January: Hitler named Chancellor.
** 27 February: Reichstag fire.
** 19 March: Kirche am Hohenzollernplatz inaugurated.
** April: Research Office of the Reich Air Ministry established.
** 26 April: Nazi Gestapo (secret police) headquartered in Berlin, on Prinz-Albrecht-Straße.
** 6 May: Institut für Sexualwissenschaft destroyed by the German Student Union.
** 10 May: Nazi book burnings in Opernplatz.
** 6 June: Afghan ambassador to Germany, Prince Shirdar Mohammed Aziz Khan, assassinated by an Afghan student.
** 16 June: Population: 4,242,501.
** 21–26 June: Köpenick's week of bloodshed.
** 1 July: Berlin Innsbrucker Platz station opened.
** July: Columbia concentration camp established.
** 19 September: Ufa-Palast am Zoo premiere of the Hitlerjunge Quex, the first major Nazi propaganda film.
** 22 September: Reich Chamber of Culture established.
** 31 December: Population: 4,221,024.
** City becomes capital of the Greater German Reich.
** Hufeisensiedlung housing built.
** Strength Through Joy national leisure programme headquartered in Berlin.
* 1934
** 30 June – 2 July: Night of the Long Knives.
*** Kurt von Schleicher, Ferdinand von Bredow, Gregor Strasser, Erich Klausener, Edgar Jung, Herbert von Bose, Karl Ernst and Karl-Günther Heimsoth killed.
** 1 July: Berlin Sundgauer Straße station opened.
** 27 September: Ferdowsi millennial celebration in Berlin.
** 31 December: Population: 4,218,332.
** City becomes seat of the Greater Berlin and Mark Brandenburg Gaue (Nazi administrative divisions).
* 1935
** 31 January: Berlin Humboldthain station opened.
** 22 March: First TV broadcasting service in the world in operation.
** 28 March: Premiere of the film Triumph of the Will.
** 1 October: Berlin Bornholmer Straße station opened.
** 29 November: Deutschlandhalle inaugurated.
** 31 December: Population: 4,226,584.
** Olympiapark Schwimmstadion Berlin built.
** Nazi SS-Hauptamt headquartered in Berlin, on Prinz-Albrecht-Straße.
* 1936
** January: Gosen Canal opened.
** 1 April: Luftkriegsschule 2 Berlin-Gatow staff and technical college opened.
** 28 May:
*** Berlin Nord-Süd Tunnel opened.
*** Berlin Oranienburger Straße station opened.
** July: Sachsenhausen concentration camp established near the city.
** 16 July: Berlin-Marzahn concentration camp established.
** 27 July: Berlin Brandenburger Tor station opened.
** 1 August: Olympic Stadium opened.
** 1–16 August: 1936 Summer Olympics held.
** 2 August: Waldbühne amphitheater opened.
** August: Air Ministry Building completed.
** 31 December: Population: 4,267,560.
** Bundesautobahn 9 from Berlin to Munich opened.
** Vorbunker built.
* 1937
** 5 January: Julius Lippert becomes mayor.
** 30 January: Albert Speer becomes Generalbauinspektor [de] for the Reich capital.
** 28 May: Volkswagen auto company founded.
** 31 December: Population: 4,314,432.
** 700th anniversary of the city celebrated.
** Messe Berlin built.
* 1938
** 20 April: Olympia (1938 film) released.
** 29 April: DEST founded.
** 9–10 November: Kristallnacht; Fasanenstrasse Synagogue and Spandau Synagogue burned.
** 31 December: Population: 4,347,875.
** Schwimmhalle Finckensteinallee opened.
** Helicopter flight demonstrated.
** Elektro-Mess-Technik founded.
* 1939
** 10 January: New Reich Chancellery completed.
** 15 April: Berlin Potsdamer Platz station opened.
** 20 April: Adolf Hitler's 50th birthday.
** 17 May: Population: 4,338,756.
** 1 September: German declaration of war against Poland.
** 31 December: Population: 4,330,640.
* 1940
** 1 January: Altglienicke station opened.
** July: Ludwig Steeg becomes mayor.
** 25 August: Bombing of Berlin in World War II begins.
** 31 December: Population: 4,330,810.
** Reichsbank extension (Haus am Werderschen Markt) built.
** Telefunkenwerk Zehlendorf built.
* 1941
** 14 October: Deportation of Jews to the east ordered by Kurt Daluege.
** 11 December: German declaration of war against the United States.
** 31 December: Population: 4,383,882.
** Tempelhof Airport terminal built.
** Zoo Tower built.
* 1942
** 20 January: Wannsee Conference.
** 31 December: Population: 4,478,102.
** Schwerbelastungskörper built.
* 1943
** 28 January: Mass deportation of Jews to Auschwitz concentration camp ordered.
** February–March: Rosenstrasse protest.
** 18 February: Proclamation of Total War in the Sportpalast speech by Joseph Goebbels.
** 1 April: Berlin Albrechtshof station opened.
** 18 November: Battle of Berlin (RAF campaign) begins.
** 31 December: Population: 4,430,204.
** Bunker (Berlin) air raid shelter built.
* 1944
** 31 March: RAF bombing campaign ends.
** 21 July: Execution of 20 July plot conspirators.
** 23 October: Führerbunker completed.
** 31 December: Population: 4,361,398.
* 1945
** 16 April: Battle of Berlin begins.
** 20 April: Operation Clausewitz begins.
** 22 April: Panzerbär begins publishing.
** 23 April: Battle in Berlin begins.
** 24 April: Red Army encirclement of Berlin complete.
** 30 April: Death of Adolf Hitler in the Führerbunker.
** 1 May: Suicides of Joseph and Magda Goebbels.
** 2 May:
*** Red Army capture of the Reichstag building.
*** Battle of Berlin ends.
*** Nikolai Berzarin becomes commander of the Soviet sector of city.
** 8 May: Ceremonial German Instrument of Surrender signed in Karlshorst.
** 21 May: Berliner Zeitung begins publishing.
** Spring–summer: Mass rape of 200,000 German women by the Red Army.
** 5 June: Berlin Declaration (1945).
** 13 June: Deutsche Volkszeitung begins publishing.
** 4 July: Floyd L. Parks becomes commander of the U.S. sector of city.
** 5 July: Lewis Lyne becomes commander of the British sector of city.
** 7 July: Das Volk begins publishing.
** 11 July: Geoffroi du Bois de Beauchesne becomes commander of the French sector of city.
** 17 July-2 August: Potsdam Conference held.
** 21 July: Victory Parade.
** 12 August: Population: 2,807,405.
** 30 August: Allied Control Council constituted.
** 12 December: Berlin Air Safety Centre established.
** 31 December: Population: 3,064,629.

### 1946–1989

* 1946
** 15 May: Buckower Chaussee station opened.
** October: City election held.
** 29 October: Population: 3,170,832.
** 31 December: Population: 3,213,966.
** Berlin Schönefeld Airport opened.
* 1947
** 8 February: Karlslust dance hall fire.
** Ernst Reuter becomes mayor.
** 31 December: Population: 3,271,179.
* 1948
** 5 April: 1948 Gatow air disaster.
** 24 June: Soviet blockade begins.
** 26 June: Allied airlift of supplies begins.
** 4 December: Free University of Berlin established.
** 31 December: Population: 3,312,307.
** Berlin Tegel Airport opened.
** Kampfgruppe gegen Unmenschlichkeit formed.
** Handelsorganisation grocery opens in East Berlin.
* 1949
** 12 May: Berlin Blockade ends.
** November: Berliner Ensemble founded.
** 8 December: Supreme Court of East Germany set up.
** 31 December: Population: 3,328,193.
** City divided into East Berlin and West Berlin.
** East Berlin becomes capital of the German Democratic Republic.
** Currywurst introduced on Kantstraße [de].
* 1950
** 18 January: Marienfelde refugee transit camp opened.
** 29 April: Liebknecht Bridge opened.
** 20 May: Walter-Ulbricht-Stadion opened.
** 31 December: Population: 3,336,026.
** Werner-Seelenbinder-Halle opened.
** Academy of Arts established in East Berlin.
** Freedom Bell installed in city hall of West Berlin.
* 1951
** 11 January: Landtag (parliament) of West Berlin established.
** 6–17 June: Berlin International Film Festival begins in West Berlin.
** 27 July: Ernst Thälmann Pioneer Park opened.
** 3 August: Stalin Statue (Berlin) dedicated.
** 31 December: Population: 3,351,865.
** East Berlin hosts 3rd World Festival of Youth and Students.
** Berliner Festspiele established in West Berlin.
* 1952
** Deutsche Waggon und Maschinenfabrik in business.
** 1 May: Hochhaus an der Weberwiese completed.
** 20 February: Knaack club opened.
** 1 October: Friedrich-Ludwig-Jahn-Sportpark opened.
** 31 December: Population: 3,374,178.
* 1953
** June: Uprising in East Berlin.
** 31 December: Population: 3,367,406.
* 1954
** 25 January – 18 February: Berlin Conference (1954) held.
** 10 September: Amerika-Gedenkbibliothek opened.
** 31 December: Population: 3,350,957.
** Academy of Arts established in West Berlin.
** SC Dynamo Berlin founded.
* 1955
** 2 July: Tierpark Berlin opened.
** 31 December: Population: 3,343,182.
** Radrennbahn Weissensee cycling track opened.
* 1956
** 3 May:
*** Afrikanische Straße (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Kurt-Schumacher-Platz (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Rehberge (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
** 3 June: Plänterwald railway station opened.
** 31 December: Population: 3,345,650.
** Westhafen Canal opened.
** Rotes Rathaus reconstructed; becomes city hall of East Berlin.
* 1957
** 31 December: Population: 3,338,561.
** International Building Exposition held.
** Haus der Kulturen der Welt built in West Berlin.
* 1958
** 31 May:
*** Alt-Tegel (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Borsigwerke (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Holzhauser Straße (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Otisstraße (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Scharnweberstraße (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
** 31 December: Population: 3,316,353.
** Bundesautobahn 100 opened.
* 1959
** 2 June: Spichernstraße (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
** 31 December: Population: 3,290,333.
** Institute for European Politics founded in West Berlin.
** Jüdisches Gemeindehaus Fasanenstraße (Jewish centre) inaugurated in West Berlin.
* 1960
** 31 December: Population: 3,274,016.
** Gropiusstadt developed.
* 1961
** 28 January: Birkenstraße (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
** 8 May: Augsburger Straße (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
** 4 June: Berlin Crisis of 1961 begins.
** 13–15 August: Berlin Wall construction begins between East Berlin and West Berlin.
** 19–20 August: U.S. vice president Lyndon B. Johnson visits West Berlin
** 28 August:
*** Amrumer Straße (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Hansaplatz (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Kurfürstendamm (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Leopoldplatz U9 platform opened.
*** Spichernstraße U9 platform opened.
*** Turmstraße (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Berlin Westhafen station station opened.
*** Berlin Zoologischer Garten U9 platform opened.
** 27–28 October: U.S.–Soviet confrontation at Checkpoint Charlie.
** 31 December: Population: 3,252,691.
** Max Planck Institute for Human Development established.
** Ampelmännchen pedestrian signal introduced in East Berlin.
* 1962
** 27 May: Grünbergallee station opened.
** 17 August: Killing of Peter Fechter at the Berlin Wall by East German border guards.
** 31 December: Population: 3,235,231.
* 1963
** 5 May: Maria Regina Martyrum consecrated.
** 26 June: U.S. president Kennedy gives Ich bin ein Berliner speech in West Berlin.
** 28 September:
*** Blaschkoallee (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Parchimer Allee (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
** 29 September: Britz-Süd (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
** 15 October: Berliner Philharmonie opened.
** 15 November: Kino International opened.
** 31 December: Population: 3,251,489.
** Berliner Philharmonie (concert hall) built in West Berlin.
** Berliner Singakademie founded in East Berlin.
** Hotel Berolina opened.
** Wellblechpalast opened.
** Biotronik founded.
* 1964
** 18 July: Fernmeldeturm Berlin in service.
** 31 December: Population: 3,270,959.
** Old Palace rebuilt.
** Prinzessinnenpalais rebuilt.
** JazzFest Berlin begins in West Berlin.
* 1965
** 2 April: Europa-Center inaugurated.
** 31 December: Population: 3,274,500.
* 1966
** 28 February:
*** Alt-Mariendorf (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Alt-Tempelhof (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Kaiserin-Augusta-Straße (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Möckernbrücke U7 platform opened.
*** Ullsteinstraße (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Westphalweg (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
** May: Zentraler Omnibusbahnhof Berlin opened.
** 17 September: Deutsche Film- und Fernsehakademie Berlin founded.
** 31 December: Population: 3,265,398.
** Prussian Heritage Image Archive established.
* 1967
** 2 June: Death of Benno Ohnesorg.
** 15 September: Brücke Museum opened.
** 31 December: Population: 3,245,325.
** Strausberger Platz built.
** Sister city relationship established with Los Angeles, USA.
* 1968
** 11 April: Josef Bachmann's assassination attempt against Rudi Dutschke.
** 31 December: Population: 3,225,354.
** New National Gallery opens in West Berlin.
* 1969
** 30 September: World Clock (Alexanderplatz) opened.
** 3 October: Fernsehturm Berlin (TV tower) erected in East Berlin.
** 31 December: Population: 3,218,112.
** Neuer Berliner Kunstverein founded.
** Kulturpark Plänterwald opened.
* 1970
** 2 January:
*** Johannisthaler Chaussee (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Lipschitzallee (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Wutzkyallee (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Zwickauer Damm (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
** 7 October: Hotel Stadt Berlin built in East Berlin.
** 31 December: Population: 3,208,719.
** Protestant Church of Plötzensee inaugurated.
* 1971
** 29 January:
*** Bayerischer Platz U7 platform opened.
*** Berliner Straße (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Blissestraße (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Berlin Bundesplatz U-Bahn station opened
*** Eisenacher Straße station opened
*** Fehrbelliner Platz U7 platform opened.
*** Friedrich-Wilhelm-Platz (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Güntzelstraße (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Kleistpark (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Walther-Schreiber-Platz (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Berlin Yorckstraße U7 platform opened.
** 4 December: Georg von Rauch shot and killed during arrest by West Berlin police.
** 31 December: Population: 3,172,902.
** 2 June Movement anarchist group active in West Berlin.
* 1972
** 15 May: Memorial to Polish Soldiers and German Anti-Fascists dedicated.
** 3 June: Four Power Agreement on Berlin in force.
** 1 July: Rudow (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
** 21 December: Basic Treaty, 1972 signed.
** 31 December: Population: 3,152,489.
** Kunstbibliothek Berlin opened.
* 1973
** 25 June: Tierpark (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
** 31 December: Population: 3,136,776.
** Großgaststätte Ahornblatt (restaurant) built in East Berlin.
* 1974
** 30 September:
*** Berlin Rathaus Steglitz U-Bahn station opened.
*** Schloßstraße (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
** 13 October: Berlin Marathon begins in West Berlin.
** 31 December: Population: 3,118,134.
* 1975
** 31 December: Population: 3,083,011.
** Berlinische Galerie opened.
** Hochschule der Künste Berlin (art school) formed.
** Peter Lorenz becomes president of the Landtag of West Berlin.
* 1976
** 23 April: Palace of the Republic inaugurated.
** 30 April:
*** Nauener Platz (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Osloer Straße (Berlin U-Bahn) U9 station opened.
** 13 October: Bierpinsel opened.
** 30 December: Berlin Springpfuhl station opened.
** 31 December: Population: 3,056,973.
* 1977
** 5 October:
*** Osloer Straße U8 platform opened.
*** Pankstraße (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
** 31 December: Population: 3,044,968.
* 1978
** 28 April:
*** Adenauerplatz (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Bismarckstraße (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Konstanzer Straße (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Wilmersdorfer Straße (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
** July: Air Berlin established.
** 31 December: Population: 3,038,689.
** Berlin Motor Show begins in West Berlin.
** Berlin State Library building opens on Haus Potsdamer Straße in West Berlin.
* 1979
** 5 March: BESSY founded.
** 2 April: Internationales Congress Centrum Berlin opened.
** 31 December: Population: 3,042,504.
** Teufel company founded.
* 1980
** 1 May: Tempodrom opened.
** 1 October:
*** Halemweg (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Jakob-Kaiser-Platz (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Berlin Jungfernheide U7 station opened.
*** Mierendorffplatz (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Rohrdamm (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Siemensdamm (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
** Islamische Föderation Berlin [de] founded.
** Memorial to the German Resistance erected.
** 15 December:
*** Mehrower Allee station opened.
*** Raoul-Wallenberg-Straße station opened.
** 31 December: Population: 3,048,759.
* 1981
** 20 November: Western entrance to Teltow Canal reopened.
** 31 December: Population: 3,050,974.
** AG Märkische Kleinbahn established.
* 1982
** 15 January: 1982 Berlin restaurant bombing.
** 31 December: Population: 3,042,612.
* 1983
** 12 August: Weltkugelbrunnen opened.
** 25 August: Bombing of French consulate in West Berlin.
** 26 September: IAV founded.
** 31 December: Population: 3,040,035.
** German Museum of Technology opened.
** Berliner Rock- und Pop-Archiv [de] founded.
* 1984
** 9 February: Eberhard Diepgen becomes mayor of West Berlin.
** 1 October:
*** Altstadt Spandau (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Haselhorst (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Paulsternstraße (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Rathaus Spandau (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Zitadelle (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
** 20 December: Berlin-Hohenschönhausen station opened.
** 31 December: Population: 3,045,456.
* 1985
** 31 December: Population: 3,075,670.
** West Berlin hosts Bundesgartenschau (garden show).
** ESCP Europe school moves to Berlin.
* 1986
** 1 January: Deutsches Herzzentrum Berlin opened.
** 5 April: West Berlin discotheque bombing.
** 31 December: Population: 3,115,473.
* 1987
** 750th anniversary of founding of Berlin celebrated.
** Topography of Terror exhibit opens.
** 27 April:
*** Franz-Neumann-Platz (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Paracelsus-Bad (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Residenzstraße (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
** 1 May: May Day in Kreuzberg begins.
** 12 June: U.S. president Reagan gives Tear down this wall! speech in West Berlin.
** 31 December: Population: 3,273,630.
* 1988
** 31 March – 2 April: Four Nations Tournament (1988).
** 1 July:
*** Biesdorf-Süd (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Elsterwerdaer Platz (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
** 31 December: Population: 3,352,848.
** West Berlin designated a European Capital of Culture.
** 1988 IMF/World Bank protests.
** Metropol Verlag founded.
* 1989
** Population: 1,279,212 in East Berlin.
** 1 July:
*** Cottbusser Platz (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Hellersdorf (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Hönow (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Kaulsdorf-Nord (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Louis-Lewin-Straße (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Kienberg (Gärten der Welt) (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Berlin Wuhletal station opened.
** 7 October: Demonstrations in East Berlin.
** 4 November: Alexanderplatz demonstration in East Berlin.
** 9 November: Berlin Wall opened between East Berlin and West Berlin.
** 31 December: Population: 3,409,737.

### 1990s

* 1990
** 13 June: Demolition of the Berlin wall begins.
** 1 August: Most roads between West and East Berlin rebuilt and reopened.
** 28 September: East Side Gallery opened.
** 3 October: German reunification; unified Berlin designated capital of the Federal Republic of Germany.
** 7 November: Stasi Museum opened.
** 1 December: Schichauweg railway station opened.
** 31 December: Population: 3,433,695.
** Federal Commissioner for the Stasi Records and German Academy for Urban and Regional Spatial Planning [de] headquartered in Berlin.
** Kunsthaus Tacheles established.
* 1991
** 20 June: Decision on the Capital of Germany.
** 4 July: Alba Berlin founded.
** 31 December: Population: 3,446,031.
* 1992
** 1 January: Weierstrass Institute established.
** 17 September: Mykonos restaurant assassinations.
** 31 December: Population: 3,456,891.
** A-Trane club opened.
* 1993
** 1 October: West and East Berlin Academy of Arts merged.
** 31 December: Population: 3,461,421.
** Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology established.
** Berlin Cathedral renovated.
** Transparency International headquartered in city.
** Magix founded.
** Japanische Internationale Schule zu Berlin established.
* 1994
** March: Max Planck Institute for the History of Science established.
** 26 April: Berlin-Bonn Act.
** 9 September: Russian and Allied forces depart.
** 24 September:
*** Berlin Karl-Bonhoeffer-Nervenklinik U-Bahn station opened.
*** Lindauer Allee (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Rathaus Reinickendorf (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Berlin-Wittenau U-Bahn station opened.
** 31 December: Population: 3,452,284.
** Berlin-Hohenschönhausen Memorial opened.
** Berlin British School founded.
* 1995
** 17 January: Die Pyramide completed.
** 10 May: German-Russian Museum opens.
** June: Artist Christo wraps the Reichstag.
** 31 December: Population: 3,446,039.
** Berlin Central and Regional Library opened.
* 1996
** 13 July: Berlin Hermannstraße U-Bahn station opened.
** 13 December: Max-Schmeling-Halle opened.
** 31 December: Population: 3,428,644.
** Crown Prince Bridge rebuilt.
** City website online (approximate date).
** Berggruen Museum and Café Einstein Unter den Linden [de] open.
* 1997
** 5 September: Velodrom arena opened.
** December: Propeller Island City Lodge founded.
** 31 December: Population: 3,387,901.
** Computer Games Museum founded.
* 1998
** 20 May: Treptowers opened.
** 12 June: Gemäldegalerie opened.
** 25 September: Osdorfer Straße station opened.
** 2 October: Mendelssohn-Bartholdy-Park (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
** 31 December: Population: 3,358,235.
** Allied Museum opened.
* 1999
** 17 February: 1999 Israeli consulate attack in Berlin.
** 19 April: German Bundestag (legislature) relocated to Berlin from Bonn per Berlin-Bonn Act.
** 31 December: Population: 3,340,887.
** Molecule Man (sculpture) installed in the Spree River.
** Clocktower reinstalled on Potsdamer Platz.
* 2000
** 14 June: Sony Center opened.
** 31 December: Population: 3,331,232.
** Bahntower built.

## 21st century

* 2001
** February: Anhalter Steg bridge built.
** 2 May: Federal Chancellery (Berlin) completed.
** 16 June: Klaus Wowereit becomes governing mayor.
** 9 September: Jewish Museum, Berlin opened.
** 21 October: Berlin state election, 2001.
** 31 December: Population: 3,337,232.
** Merger of boroughs: Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf, Friedrichshain-Kreuzberg, Marzahn-Hellersdorf, Steglitz-Zehlendorf, Tempelhof-Schöneberg, and Treptow-Köpenick formed.
** DZ Bank building constructed.
** Jewish Museum opens.
** Berlin International Literature Festival begins.
* 2002
** 31 December: Population: 3,336,248.
** SRH Hochschule Berlin established.
** Berlin Philharmonic Chamber Orchestra founded.
** Exberliner English-language magazine founded.
* 2003
** 2 December: AquaDom opened.
** 31 December: Population: 3,330,242.
* 2004
** 1 January: Federal Joint Committee health agency established.
** May: Badeschiff opened.
** 3 June: Museum of Photography, Berlin opened.
** 9 December: University Library of the TU Berlin and UdK opened.
** 31 December: Population: 3,333,108.
** Festival of Lights begins.
* 2005
** 7 February: Honor killing of Hatun Sürücü.
** 24 February: Berlin-Lichterfelde Süd–Teltow Stadt railway opened.
** 10 May: Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Europe unveiled.
** 30 June: Gustav Heinemann Bridge opened.
** 31 December: Population: 3,339,436.
** Philological Library opened.
** Transradio founded.
* 2006
** February: Institute for Media and Communication Policy.
** 26 May: Berlin Hauptbahnhof (Central station) constructed.
** 27 May: Berlin North–South mainline opened.
** 9 July: FIFA World Cup Final held at Olympiastadion.
** 15 July: DDR Museum opened.
** 17 September: Berlin state election, 2006.
** 31 December: Population: 3,348,805.
** Türk Bakım Evi [de] nursing home established.
* 2007
** July: Berlin Fashion Week first held.
** 12 September: Alexa Centre shopping mall opened.
** 31 December: Population: 3,353,858.
** Rocket Internet founded.
* 2008
** July: Scharf-Gerstenberg Collection opened.
** 10 September: Mercedes-Benz Arena (Berlin) opened.
** 1 October: BMG Rights Management founded.
** October: Zalando founded.
** 16 October: Khadija Mosque opened.
** 31 December: Population: 3,362,843.
* 2009
** 8 August:
*** U55 (Berlin U-Bahn) line opened.
*** Bundestag (Berlin U-Bahn) station opened.
*** Berlin Hauptbahnhof U55 platforms opened.
** 15–23 August: 2009 World Championships in Athletics held.
** 16 October: Neues Museum reopened.
** 31 December: Population: 3,369,672.
** International Psychoanalytic University Berlin founded.
** Prinzessinnengärten [de] (garden) created.
* 2010 – 31 December: Population: 3,387,562.
* 2011
** 29 June: Humboldt Box opened.
** 18 September: Berlin state election, 2011.
** 15 October: Occupy Berlin.
** 31 December: Population: 3,427,114.
* 2012
** March: Zoofenster high-rise completed.
** 27 September: Rathaus Bridge inaugurated after rebuilding.
** 31 December: Population: 3,469,621.
* 2013
** 21 March: 2013 Berlin helicopter crash.
** 2 June: Hohenzollern Stadtschloss (palace) reconstruction begins.
** 3 November: Berlin energy referendum, 2013 held.
** 15 November: Museum in the Kulturbrauerei opened.
** 31 December: Population: 3,517,424.
** N26 (bank) founded.
* 2014
** March: .berlin internet domain name begins.
** 28 August: 2014 Conference of Western Balkan States, Berlin held.
** 25 September: Mall of Berlin opened.
** 31 December: Population: 3,562,166.
** Headquarters of the Federal Intelligence Service built.
* 2015
** 7 February: Victoria released.
** 31 December: Population: 3,610,156.
* 2016
** July: Protest against gentrification in Friedrichshain.
** 18 September: Berlin state election, 2016.
** 1 December: Berlin Police Academy established.
** 19 December: 2016 Berlin truck attack.
** 31 December: Population: 3,670,622.
* 2017
** 13 April: IGA Cable Car opened.
** 13 October: Babylon Berlin TV series released.
** 10 December: Berlin–Munich high-speed railway opened.
** 31 December: Population: 3,711,930.
** Urban Nation museum opens.
* 2018 – 31 December: Population: 3,748,148.
* 2022 - 8 June - 2022 Berlin car attack.