# Timeline of Munich

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Munich, Germany.

## Prior to 17th century

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* 1158 - Duke Henry the Lion builds bridge, mint, and salt-depot.
* 1175 - Munich gains official status as city.
* 1239 - Coat of arms of Munich in use.
* 1240 - Otto II Wittelsbach in power.
* 1255 - City becomes ducal residence of Upper Bavaria.
* 1327
** Fire [de].
** City then rebuilt by Louis the Bavarian
* 1368
** Cathedral construction begins.
** St. Peter's Church reconstructed.
* 1383 - Löwenbräu founded.
* 1385 - Munich Residenz built.
* 1394 - Town Hall built.
* 1397 - Guild uprising.
* 1429 - Fire.
* 1482 - Johann Schauer sets up printing press.
* 1494 - Frauenkirche consecrated.
* 1506 - City becomes capital of Bavaria.
* 1576 - Jesuit school built (approximate date).

## 17th-18th centuries

* 1609 - Catholic League founded.
* 1617 - Hofgarten laid out.In 1632 the Swedes occupied Munich.
* 1623 - Schleissheim Palace constructed.
* 1628 - Treaty of Munich signed.
* 1632 - City occupied by Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden.
* 1634 - Bubonic plague.
* 1638 - Mary's Column erected, Marienplatz.
* 1653 - State opera active.
* 1675 - Nymphenburg Palace built.
* 1680 - Population: 20,000
* 1688 - Premiere of Steffani's opera Niobe.
* 1690 - Theatine Church built.
* 1705 - Sendlinger Mordweihnacht.
* 1739 - Amalienburg built.
* 1742 - Habsburgs in power.
* 1753 - Cuvilliés Theatre built.
* 1759 - Bavarian Academy of Sciences and Humanities founded.
* 1762
** 28 April: Fire.
** Hoforchester active.
* 1781 - Premiere of Mozart's opera Idomeneo.
* 1783 - Population: 38,000.
* 1789 - Englischer Garten laid out by Count Rumford.
* 1797 - Charitable soup kitchen begins operating.
* 1800 - 2 July: City taken by French forces.

## 19th century

* 1801 - Population - 48,885.
* 1806 - City becomes capital of Kingdom of Bavaria.
* 1807
** Viktualienmarkt active.
** Hofgartenkaserne built.
** Augustiner-Keller beer garden in business.
* 1808 - Royal Academy of Fine Arts established.
* 1809 - Alte Münze in use.
* 1810 - Wiesnwirt [de] (Oktoberfest) begins.
* 1818
** National Theatre built.
** Lese-Konditorei (reading cafe) in business.
* 1825 - Accession of Ludwig I of Bavaria leads to "handsome streets and buildings".
* 1826
** Ludwig Maximilian University relocates to Munich.
** Türkenkaserne built.
* 1830Munich in 1829
** Ludwigstraße laid out (approximate date).
** Glyptothek built.
* 1835 - St. Boniface's Abbey founded by Ludwig I of Bavaria.
* 1836 - Alte Pinakothek established.
* 1837 - Allerheiligen-Hofkirche built.
* 1839 - Train station opens.
* 1843
** State Library building constructed.
** Paläontologisches Museum established.
* 1844
** Ludwigskirche consecrated.
** Feldherrnhalle constructed.
* 1848 - München Hauptbahnhof relocated.
* 1853
** Maximilianstraße laid out.
** Neue Pinakothek established.
* 1854 - Glaspalast built; city hosts General German Industrial Exhibition.
* 1855 - Bavarian National Museum founded.
* 1861 - Population: 148,201.
* 1862 - Propylaea constructed.
* 1865 - Premiere of Wagner's opera Tristan und Isolde.
* 1867 - Royal Bavarian Music School established.
* 1868
** State Museum of Ethnology founded.
** Technical University of Munich opened.
* 1869 - Museum für Abgüsse Klassischer Bildwerke created.
* 1871
** Haidhausen station and München Süd station open.
** Population: 169,693.
* 1875 - Munich Opera Festival begins.
* 1876 - Trams in Munich runs by horsecar.
* 1878 - Munich Pasing station relocated.
* 1879
** Bavarian Army Museum founded.
** Over 28 million gallons of beer were brewed in Munich.
* 1880
** Bürgerliches Brauhaus formed.
** Population: 230,023.
* 1882 - Allgemeine Zeitung moved to Munich.
* 1885
** Bürgerbräukeller (beer hall) in business.
** Population: 261,982.
* 1887
** Hofatelier Elvira founded.
** Café Luitpold [de] opens.
* 1888 - Munich Stadtmuseum established.
* 1889 - Eisenbahnkaserne built.
* 1890 - Population: 350,594.
* 1892
** Rotkreuzklinikum München [de] (hospital) opens.
** Academic Alpine Club of Munich [de] formed.
* 1893
** Munich City Archives [de] active.
** Kaim Orchestra formed.
* 1894 -Production of Hildebrand & Wolfmüller motorcycle begins.
* 1895
** Trams in Munich electrified.
** Population: 407,174.
* 1896 - Simplicissimus magazine begins publication.
* 1898 - City hosts Kraft- und Arbeitsmaschinen-Ausstellung.
* 1900
** FC Bayern Munich founded.
** Künstlerhaus am Lenbachplatz [de] opens.

## 20th century
### 1900–1945

* 1901
** Franz Eher publisher in business.
** Prinzregententheater opens.
* 1902 - Anthropologisch-Prähistorisches Sammlung des Staates formed.
* 1903 - Deutsches Museum von Meisterwerken der Naturwissenschaft und Technik founded.
* 1904 - Heinrich Thannhauser's art gallery opens.
* 1905 - Population: 538,983.
* 1906 - City co-hosts the 1906 World Figure Skating Championships.
* 1908 - New Town Hall built; Rathaus-Glockenspiel installed.
* 1909
** Neue Künstlervereinigung München founded.
** Modern Gallery of contemporary art and Schackgalerie open.
* 1910 – 12 September: Premiere of Mahler's Symphony No. 8.
* 1911
** Hellabrunn Zoo opens.
** Der Blaue Reiter art exhibit held.
* 1917 - Bayerische Motoren Werke formed.
* 1919
** German Workers' Party founded in Munich.
** 16 October: Hitler gives his first political speech at the Hofbräukeller.
** City becomes capital of Bavarian Soviet Republic.
** Population: 630,711.
* 1920
** July: Consulate of Poland opens.
** Nazi paramilitary Sturmabteilung headquartered in Munich.
** Nazi Völkischer Beobachter newspaper headquartered in Munich.
* 1923 - 8–9 November: Nazis attempt coup ("Beer Hall Putsch").
* 1925
** Deutsche Verkehrsausstellung 1925 [de] (transportation exposition) held in city.
** München Hauptbahnhof electrified.
* 1927 - Richard Strauss Conservatory founded.
* 1929 - Lenbachhaus museum opens.
* 1930
** 13 September: Hitler gives campaign speech at the Circus Krone Building, prior to German federal election, 1930 on 14 September.
** Population: 728,900.
* 1931 - National Socialist Party headquartered in Brown House.
* 1932
** Nazi Sicherheitsdienst (intelligence agency) headquartered in Munich.
** Zoologische Staatssammlung München formed.
* 1933
** Nazi headquarters relocated from Munich to Berlin.
** March: Dachau concentration camp begins operating near city.
* 1934 - Hunting museum established.
* 1935 - Münchner Haus der Kulturinstitute built.
* 1937
** Führerbau constructed.
** 18 July: House of German Art opens.
** 19 July: "Degenerate art" exhibit held in Hofgarten.
* 1938
** September: Munich Agreement signed.
** November: Kristallnacht.
* 1939
** Munich-Riem Airport opens.
** Population: 829,318.
* 1940
** June: Bombing of Munich begins.
* 1942
** 27 June: White Rose group active.
** 17 December: Forced labour camp for men established in the Moosach district.
* 1943
** February: Munich-Allach subcamp of the Dachau concentration camp established by the SS.
** Polenlager Ost and Polenlager Süd forced labour subcamps of the local Nazi prison for youth established for young Poles (see also Nazi crimes against the Polish nation).
* 1944
** 5 August: Forced labour camp for women established in the Berg am Laim district.
** Agfa-Commando subcamp of the Dachau concentration camp established.
** 2 December: Forced labour camp for women in Berg am Laim dissolved.
* 1945
** 13 March: Forced labour camp for men in Moosach dissolved.
** City captured by Americans. Remaining prisoners of the Munich-Allach and Agfa-Commando subcamps liberated.
** AFN Munich begins broadcasting.
** Munich Central Collecting Point set up.
** Denazification.
** Christian Social Union in Bavaria headquartered in Munich.

### 1946-1990s

* 1948 - Bayerische Akademie der Schönen Künste established.
* 1949 - Bavarian Radio Symphony Orchestra founded.
* 1951 - Residenz Theatre built.
* 1952 - Deutsches Brauereimuseum founded.
* 1954 - Population: 908,572.
* 1955
** Italian Cultural Institute in Munich founded.
** Fast-food Wienerwald (restaurant) in business.
* 1958
** 6 February: Munich air disaster.
** Population: 1,011,878.
* 1959 - Munich Book Fair [de] begins.
* 1960
** Munich Central Station rebuilt.
** Convair 340 crash.
* 1961 - Population: 1,106,298.
* 1963 - National Theatre rebuilt.
* 1965 - Population: 1,214,603.
* 1966
** Staatliche Sammlung für Ägyptische Kunst founded.
** Deutsches Jagdmuseum reopens.
* 1967 - Staatliche Antikensammlungen opens.
* 1969 - City hosts the 1969 World Table Tennis Championships.
* 1970
** Munich bus attack
** Population: 1,311,978.
* 1971 - U-Bahn begins operating.
* 1972
** S-Bahn begins operating.
** Olympic Stadium opens; city hosts Summer Olympics; Munich massacre.
** BMW Headquarters is established.
* 1973 - Islamic Center of Munich [de] built.
* 1974 - City hosts the 1974 World Figure Skating Championships.
* 1975 - City co-hosts the 1975 Ice Hockey World Championships.
* 1978 - Population: 1,296,970.
* 1980 - Museum Witt established; Oktoberfest bombing.
* 1983
** April–May: City co-hosts the 1983 Ice Hockey World Championships.
** City hosts Bundesgartenschau (garden show).
* 1985 - Gasteig culture center opens.
* 1988 - Munich Biennale opera festival begins.
* 1989 - Sister city relationship established with Cincinnati, USA.
* 1990 - Museum of Man and Nature opens.
* 1992
** City hosts 18th G7 summit.
** Museum Villa Stuck opens.
** Munich Airport opens.
* 1993
** Bayerische Staatskanzlei built.
** Bayerische Theaterakademie August Everding founded.
* 1995 - Eureka Prometheus Project's VaMP driverless car goes to Copenhagen and back.
* 1996 - City website online (approximate date).
* 1999
** Czech Centre in Munich founded.
** BMW Headquarters declared as protected historical building
* 2000 - Bayerische Staatssammlung für Paläontologie und Geologie [de] formed.

## 21st century

* 2001 - City hosts the 2001 World Judo Championships.
* 2002 - Pinakothek der Moderne opens.
* 2003 - Goetz Collection opens.
* 2005 - Allianz Arena opens.
* 2006 - Ohel Jakob synagogue built.
* 2007
** Jewish Museum opens.
** Population: 1,311,573.
* 2009 - Museum Brandhorst opens.
* 2010 - Türkentor restored.
* 2012 - March: 2012 Munich artworks discovery.
* 2013 - Population: 1,407,836.
* 2014 - Dieter Reiter becomes mayor.
* 2015
** Migrants arrive.
** NS-Dokumentationszentrum built.
* 2016 - Munich shooting occurs.
* 2024 - 2024 Munich shooting
* 2025 - 2025 Munich car attack