OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Bear Lake (Colorado)

Bear Lake is a scenic trailhead and destination in Rocky Mountain National Park. Sitting at an elevation of 9,450 feet (2,880 m), the alpine lake rests beneath the sheer flanks of Hallett Peak and the Continental Divide at 40°18′48″N 105°38′54″W﻿ / ﻿40.31324°N 105.648222°W﻿ / 40.31324; -105.648222. Several trails, from easy strolls to strenuous hikes, start from the lake. The Bear Lake Road is open year-round, though it may temporarily close due to adverse weather conditions. An ample parking lot is provided close to the lake. The Bear Lake Road is approximately 10 miles (16 km) long and starts close to the Beaver Meadows Entrance station of the Rocky Mountain National Park.
The lake was formed during the ice age by a big chunk of ice. Several moraines can be found downhill of Bear Lake.

## Climate

At an elevation of 9500 ft (2896 m), Bear Lake has a humid continental climate (Köppen Dfb), closely bordering on a subalpine climate (Köppen Dfc).
Climate data for Bear Lake, Colorado, 1991–2020 normals, 1989–2020 extremes: 9500ft (2896m) :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °F (°C) | 54 (12) | 52 (11) | 61 (16) | 65 (18) | 76 (24) | 84 (29) | 87 (31) | 83 (28) | 80 (27) | 70 (21) | 63 (17) | 53 (12) | 87 (31) |
| Mean maximum °F (°C) | 44.3 (6.8) | 45.5 (7.5) | 53.0 (11.7) | 59.5 (15.3) | 67.1 (19.5) | 75.9 (24.4) | 79.8 (26.6) | 77.0 (25.0) | 72.2 (22.3) | 62.6 (17.0) | 50.5 (10.3) | 43.0 (6.1) | 80.4 (26.9) |
| Mean daily maximum °F (°C) | 28.8 (−1.8) | 30.4 (−0.9) | 38.5 (3.6) | 44.3 (6.8) | 53.1 (11.7) | 64.4 (18.0) | 70.8 (21.6) | 68.7 (20.4) | 60.6 (15.9) | 47.9 (8.8) | 35.7 (2.1) | 28.0 (−2.2) | 47.6 (8.7) |
| Daily mean °F (°C) | 21.9 (−5.6) | 22.5 (−5.3) | 29.3 (−1.5) | 34.5 (1.4) | 42.6 (5.9) | 52.9 (11.6) | 59.1 (15.1) | 57.5 (14.2) | 50.4 (10.2) | 39.5 (4.2) | 29.0 (−1.7) | 21.4 (−5.9) | 38.4 (3.6) |
| Mean daily minimum °F (°C) | 15.0 (−9.4) | 14.6 (−9.7) | 20.1 (−6.6) | 24.7 (−4.1) | 32.0 (0.0) | 41.5 (5.3) | 47.5 (8.6) | 46.3 (7.9) | 40.2 (4.6) | 31.2 (−0.4) | 22.3 (−5.4) | 14.8 (−9.6) | 29.2 (−1.6) |
| Mean minimum °F (°C) | −4.9 (−20.5) | −5.4 (−20.8) | 1.8 (−16.8) | 8.7 (−12.9) | 19.0 (−7.2) | 31.7 (−0.2) | 40.1 (4.5) | 38.3 (3.5) | 26.8 (−2.9) | 13.6 (−10.2) | 1.3 (−17.1) | −5.6 (−20.9) | −11.7 (−24.3) |
| Record low °F (°C) | −21 (−29) | −33 (−36) | −13 (−25) | −9 (−23) | 4 (−16) | 22 (−6) | 32 (0) | 31 (−1) | 14 (−10) | −9 (−23) | −16 (−27) | −24 (−31) | −33 (−36) |
| Average precipitation inches (mm) | 3.09 (78) | 3.22 (82) | 3.42 (87) | 4.71 (120) | 3.52 (89) | 1.68 (43) | 2.07 (53) | 1.95 (50) | 2.28 (58) | 2.50 (64) | 2.91 (74) | 2.85 (72) | 34.2 (870) |
| Average extreme snow depth inches (cm) | 43.1 (109) | 53.3 (135) | 60.5 (154) | 63.5 (161) | 50.9 (129) | 12.1 (31) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.8 (2.0) | 10.3 (26) | 17.4 (44) | 32.1 (82) | 64.8 (165) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in) | 15.0 | 15.1 | 15.3 | 17.0 | 13.9 | 7.0 | 8.5 | 9.1 | 8.6 | 9.8 | 13.0 | 13.7 | 146 |
| Source 1: XMACIS2 (normals, records & 2005–2020 snow depth) ||||||||||||||
| Source 2: NOAA (precip/precip days) ||||||||||||||
# Viscous coupling unit

A viscous coupling is a mechanical device which transfers torque and rotation by the medium of a viscous fluid.

## Design

Rotary viscous couplings with interleaved, perforated plates and filled with viscous fluids are used in automotive systems to transmit torque. The device consists of a number of circular plates with tabs or perforations, fitted very close to each other in a sealed drum. Alternate plates are connected to a driving shaft at one end of the assembly and a driven shaft at the other end. The drum is filled with a dilatant fluid, often silicone-based, to about 80% by volume. When the two sets of plates are rotating in unison, the fluid stays cool and remains liquid. When the plates start rotating at different speeds, the shear effect of the tabs or perforations on the fluid will cause it to heat and become nearly solid because the viscosity of dilatant fluids rapidly increases with shear. The fluid in this state will effectively glue the plates together and transmit power from one set of plates to the other. The size of the tabs or perforations, the number of plates, and the fluid used will determine the strength and onset of this mechanical transfer.
This type of device essentially differs from fluid couplings such as torque converters by using the viscosity of the medium to transfer torque, rather than its momentum. This makes it potentially useful even on very small scales and requires less cooling. The torque transmitted is sensitive to the difference in speeds of the input and output but is almost independent of their common rate.

## Vehicles

Viscous couplings are used as the center differential in some four-wheel-drive (4WD) vehicles.
The first mass-produced viscous couplings for a permanent 4WD off-road-capable vehicle were in the AMC Eagle, which was produced from 1980 to 1988 model years. The AMC Eagle's single-speed model 119 New Process central differential used a viscous coupling filled with a liquid silicone-based material. It linked the front and rear differentials for quiet and smooth transfer of power to the axle with the greatest traction, on wet or dry pavement.
Viscous couplings are used as the center differential in cars such as the Toyota Celica GT-Four, and also as a limited slip differential (LSD) in rear axles. They offer a cheaper way to implement four-wheel-drive than technologies like the mechanical-transfer Torsen differentials.
Volvo, Subaru, Land Rover, Vauxhall/Opel, and many others have also used viscous couplings in their drivelines at various times. They are now mostly superseded by electronically controlled devices.

## Attributions

Tony Rolt is often credited with the original idea and development as applied to automatic couplings in vehicle transmission systems, particularly four-wheel drive, working with Freddie Dixon at the time. Ferguson Research and FF Developments were companies formed in the 1970s to commercialize much early work into 4WD systems and devices.
It is thought that GKN Driveline owns any remaining worldwide patents today and offers several variants and combinations of viscous couplings integrated with other driveline components.
# List of storms named Martin

The name Martin has been used for four tropical cyclones worldwide: For one storm in the Atlantic Ocean, two in the South Pacific Ocean and for one extratropical European windstorm.

## Atlantic Ocean

The name Martin has been used one time since 2016, when it replaced the name Matthew on the list of tropical system naming list in 2016.
* Hurricane Martin (2022) – short-lived but very large Category 1 hurricane that churned in the open North Atlantic

## South Pacific

* Cyclone Martin (1986) – weak tropical cyclone had only minor effects on land
* Cyclone Martin (1997) – damaging and deadly Category 3 tropical cyclone that affected the Cook Islands and French Polynesia
The WMO retired the name Martin from use in the South Pacific basin following the 1997–98 cyclone season

## Europe

* Cyclone Martin (1999) – caused devastating damage in southern France in late December 1999, killing 30 people
# Vilaasam

Vilaasam (transl. Address) is a 2014 Indian Tamil-language action drama film written and directed by Pa. Rajaganesan. The film stars Pawan and Sanam Shetty in the lead roles. It was released on 14 November 2014, and was later dubbed and released in Telugu under the same name.

## Cast

* Pawan as Shiva (Seesa)
* Sanam Shetty as Abhi
* Aadukalam Naren as Pandian
* Aruldoss as Bawa
* Rajendran
* Raj Kapoor
* Bava Lakshmanan
* Cheran Raj
* Sujibala
* Shamili
* Sharmila
* Bose Venkat
* Chetan as Dr. Naghendirababu
* King Kong
* Kottachi

## Production

The film was directed by debutant Raja Ganesan, with Pawan and Sanam Shetty picked to play the lead roles.

## Soundtrack

The soundtrack was composed by Ravi Raaghav.

## Release and reception

The film was released on 14 November 2014, alongside six other films in Tamil Nadu. The New Indian Express noted that the film was an "appreciable effort by a debutant maker", concluding that it was a "gripping tale about identity".
A critic from Maalai Malar gave the film a positive review, praising the performance of the lead actors. Likewise, critics from Dinamalar and IFlicks.com also gave the film positive reviews.
# Ericka Ñanco

Ericka Ñanco Vásquez (born 20 March 1992) is a Chilean politician who serves as a deputy in the Chamber of Deputies of Chile.
# Jean Jolivet

Jean Jolivet (9 January 1925 – 8 March 2018) was a French philosopher and medievalist. He was an authority on Medieval philosophy and honorary director of studies at the École Pratique des Hautes Études in Paris. He was co-director of the publication series "Études de philosophie médiévale" (founded by Étienne Gilson) for the Vrin Library of philosophy. Jolivet has been an influential mentor for, and collaborator with, Constant Mews, particularly in relation to Peter Abelard.
In 1997, a book was published honoring his work, titled Langages et philosophie. Hommage à Jean Jolivet. (Its English title is Languages and Philosophy: A Tribute to Jean Jolivet.)

## Publications

Amongst Jolivet's publications are:
* Perspectives médiévales et arabes, Vrin, 2006
* Le siècle de saint Bernard et Abélard, Fayard, 1982
* La Théologie et les arabes, Editions du Cerf, 2002
* La Théologie d'Abélard, Editions du Cerf, 1997
# Orepukia insula

Orepukia insula is a species of Cycloctenidae that is endemic to New Zealand.

## Taxonomy

This species was described in 1973 by Ray Forster and Cecil Wilton from female specimens. The holotype is stored in Te Papa Museum under registration number AS.000054.

## Description

The female is recorded at 3.25mm in length. The carapace is coloured orange brown with dark brown bands dorsally. The legs are yellow with dark bands. The abdomen is shaded black and has pale markings dorsally.

## Distribution

This species is only known from Solomon Island in the Stewart Island chain of New Zealand.

## Conservation status

Under the New Zealand Threat Classification System, this species is listed as "Data Deficient" with the qualifiers of "Data Poor: Size", "Data Poor: Trend" and "One Location".
# 1492 epopea lirica d'America

1492 epopea lirica d'America is an opera in four acts by Antonio Braga. Composed from 1985 to 1989, it stage premiered on 13 October 1992 at the Teatro Nacional in Santo Domingo to mark the Columbus Quincentenary.

## Recordings

* 1492 epopea lirica d'America with the Orchestra Nazionale di San Domingo and conductor Carlos Piantini, Jolanta Omilian (soprano), Salvatore Ragonese, Danilo Serraiocco (bass-baritone), and Gwendolyn Jones (soprano). Released in 1994 on the Bongiovanni label.
# List of converts to Judaism from paganism

This is a list of converts to Judaism from pagan religions.
* Aquila of Sinope (Acylas), from traditional Greek religion
* Bithiah, from traditional Egyptian religion.
* Bulan, king of the Khazars, from traditional Khazar religion
* Jethro, priest of Midian and father-in-law of Moses, from a Mideastern religion
* Makeda, queen of Sheba, from a Mideastern or Ethiopian religion
* Dhu Nuwas, king of Yemen, from a Mideastern religion
* Obadiah the prophet, from a Mideastern religion
* Sh'maya, Sage and President of the Sanhedrin, apparently from a Mideastern religion
* Avtalyon, Sage and Vice-President of the Sanhedrin, apparently from a Mideastern religion
* Onkelos, Hebrew scholar and translator, from ancient Roman religion
* Ruth, great-grandmother of King David, from a Near Eastern religion.
* Helena, queen of Adiabene, from traditional Greek religion.
* Izates bar Monobaz, king of Adiabene, from a Persian or Mideastern religion.
* Symacho, wife of Izates bar Monobaz, from a Persian or Mideastern religion.
* Monobaz II, king of Adiabene, from a Persian or Mideastern religion.
* Osenath, from traditional Egyptian religion.
* Zipporah, from a Mideastern or northern African religion
* Yael, from Canaanite or another Near Eastern religion
* Flavia Domitilla, from traditional ancient Roman religion (possibly to Jewish Christianity, as she is also a Christian saint)
* Titus Flavius Clemens (consul), great-nephew of the Roman Emperor Vespasian, from traditional Roman religion (possibly to Jewish Christianity, as he is also a Christian saint)
* Fulvia (wife of Saturninus), wife of Emperor Tiberius' close friend, Saturninus, from traditional Roman religion.
* Tub'a Abu Kariba As'ad, from Arabian religion, was the Himyarite king of Yemen. He ruled Yemen from 390–420 CE.
* Paulina Beturia, from traditional Roman religion
# Jacob Bagersted

Jacob Bagersted (born 25 March 1987) is a Danish handballer, currently playing for Danish side SønderjyskE Håndbold. He has previously played for German sides SC Magdeburg and Frisch Auf Göppingen.
He debuted for the Danish national handball team in 2007 at the age of 20. In 2011 he won silver medals with the Danish team, but would during his career fade out of contention for the Danish national team.
He started his career at Ajax Heroes in Copenhagen in the Danish second tier. In 2008 he signed a three year contract with FCK Handball. When AG AG København took over most of FCK's players, Bagersted went along. Here he won the Danish Championship in 2011 with AG København. In 2011 he joined league rivals Aalborg Håndbold. Here he won the Danish Championship once again in 2013.
For the 2014/2015 he joined German side SC Magdeburg, where he played for three years. In the meantime he won the DHB-Pokal. In 2017 he joined Frisch Auf Göppingen, before returning to Denmark in 2022 to join SønderjyskE Håndbold.
# 2MASS J11011926−7732383

2MASS J11011926–7732383 AB (abbreviated 2M1101AB; LUH 1) is a brown dwarf binary about 600 light-years distant in the Chamaeleon. constellation. The wide binary pair is separated by about 240 astronomical units. The system was the first discovery of a brown dwarf binary with a separation greater than 20 au. The discovery gave fundamental insights into the formation of brown dwarfs. Previously it was thought that such wide binary brown dwarfs are not formed or at least are disrupted at ages of 1-10 Myrs. Together with other wide binaries, such as Oph 162225-240515 or UScoCTIO 108, the existence of this system was inconsistent with the ejection hypothesis, a proposed hypothesis in which brown dwarfs form in a multiple system, but are ejected before they gain enough mass to burn hydrogen. The ejection hypothesis predicted a maximum separation of 10 au for brown dwarf binaries.
The system was discovered by Kevin Luhman in 2004 during observations of candidate young brown dwarfs in Chamaeleon I, using the Magellan I telescope.
The primary 2M1101A has a spectral type of M7.25 ± 0.25, with a mass of about 52 M$_J$ and a temperature of 2838 K (2565 °C; 4649 °F). The secondary 2M1101B has a spectral type of M8.25 ± 0.25, with a mass of about 26 M$_J$ and a temperature of 2632 K (2359 °C; 4279 °F). Based on spectral features, such as sodium and potassium absorption lines it was concluded that both brown dwarfs are young and part of Chamaeleon I. The brown dwarfs in 2M1101AB belong to the youngest substellar members of Chamaeleon I with an approximate age of 1 million years. Measurements by ESA's Gaia satellite show a similar parallax and proper motion for both brown dwarfs. The system has a relatively low binding energy of $0.91\times 10^{41}$ ergs.
The system was detected in x-rays with Chandra and XMM-Newton. While XMM-Newton could not resolve the binary it detected the primary. Chandra resolved the binary and detected the secondary in the system. These apparently contradictory results were interpreted as strong variability of the x-ray emissions by this system.
# Tamalpais Union High School District

The Tamalpais Union High School District or TUHSD provides high school education to students residing in ten elementary districts in central and southern Marin County, California and parts of West Marin. The headquarters are on the property of Redwood High School in Larkspur, California.

## Communities served

Feeder school districts include: Bolinas-Stinson Union, Kentfield, Lagunitas, Larkspur-Corte Madera, Mill Valley, Nicasio, Reed Union, Ross, Ross Valley and Sausalito Marin City school districts. As of 2012, District enrollment was 3,921 students. The union high school district lies within the Marin Community College District.
Communities within the district include:
* Municipalities: Belvedere, Corte Madera, Fairfax, Mill Valley, Ross, San Anselmo, Sausalito, Tiburon, Larkspur (most of)
* Census-designated places: Bolinas, Kentfield, Lagunitas-Forest Knolls, Marin City, Muir Beach, Nicasio, San Geronimo, Sleepy Hollow, Stinson Beach, Strawberry, Tamalpais-Homestead Valley, and Woodacre

## Schools

The three comprehensive high schools and the communities in their attendance areas (with ZIP Codes) are:
* Tamalpais High School, Mill Valley; opened 1908; serves Bolinas (94924), Mill Valley (94941), Sausalito & Marin City (94965), Stinson Beach (94970)
* Archie Williams High School, San Anselmo; opened 1951 as Sir Francis Drake High School; serves Fairfax (94930), Forest Knolls (94933), Lagunitas (94938). Nicasio (94946), San Anselmo (94960), San Geronimo (94963), Woodacre (94973)
* Redwood High School, Larkspur; opened 1958; serves Belvedere (94920), Corte Madera (94925), Greenbrae & Kentfield (94904), Larkspur (94939), Ross (94957), Tiburon (94920)
Two alternative high schools serve the entire district:
* San Andreas High School (continuation high school), Larkspur
* Tamiscal High School (independent study), Larkspur
Tamalpais, Redwood, and Archie Williams are California Distinguished Schools. San Andreas has been recognized by the State of California as a Model Continuation School.
# St. John's College, Cleveland

St. John's College in Cleveland, Ohio, originally known as Sisters' College, was a school for teachers and nurses established in 1928 by the Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland. In fall 1974, enrollment included 619 women and 51 men. The school closed in 1975. The facilities were then merged with the adjacent St. John's Cathedral, while its nursing program moved to Ursuline College.
A school of the same name in Cleveland was founded by Bishop Louis Rappe in 1854.
Notable alumni include Judy Robson, Majority Leader of the Wisconsin State Senate (2007-), Michael Pennock (1945-2009), Catholic author, Diana Kupchella, (1948-), RN, BSN, MEd, MS, JD, retired Air Force Colonel, military nurse who flew with returning Vietnam POWs in "Operation Homecoming."
# Smederevo Stadium

Smederevo City Stadium (Serbian: Градски стадион Смедерево / Gradski stadion Smederevo), colloquially known as the Stadion kraj Stare železare, is a football stadium in Smederevo, Serbia. It is used mostly for football matches and is the home of FK Smederevo 1924. The stadium has a seating capacity for 17,200 spectators.

## History

The stadium got its current appearance from its most recent reconstruction in 2000. The venue hosted a 2009 European Cup rugby league match, when Serbia played Wales.
In late August 2012, an unidentified virus infected the grass at the stadium and forced FK Smederevo to play its fixtures outside of the stadium until the grass was changed.

## International matches

FR Yugoslavia national football team played here once.
| # | Date | Competition | Opponent | Score | Att. | Ref |
| FR Yugoslavia (1992–2003) |||||||
| 1. | 17 April 2002 | Friendly match | Lithuania | 4–1 (2–1) | 15,000 | |
# Anaz Abdul Hadee

Anaz Abdul Hadee (born 24 September 1983) is a Singaporean professional footballer who plays as a defender for Tampines Rovers in the S.League.

## Career

Anaz Hadee has been involved in professional football since the age of 24. He started his S.League career with Woodlands Wellington and moved on to Balestier Khalsa in 2011.
In 2012, Anaz secured a lucrative contract to play for Tampines Rovers. He took up the offer and was rewarded with a Singapore Cup runners-up medal in that year, and S.League medals in the same year and consecutively in 2013.
Due to his exceptional performance, he was listed as one of the top 10 signings of the S.League in 2012.
# Samsung Hauzen Cup

The Samsung Hauzen Cup was an annual football competition in South Korean football, and the Korean League Cup held by the K League Federation from 2004 to 2008. This competition was created to allow domestic football while the activity of the South Korean national team was increased.

## Finals

| Season | Edition | Champions | Score | Runners-up |
| 2004 | 17 | Seongnam Ilhwa Chunma | Round-robin | Daejeon Citizen |
| 2005 | 18 | Suwon Samsung Bluewings | Round-robin | Ulsan Hyundai Horang-i |
| 2006 | 19 | FC Seoul | Round-robin | Seongnam Ilhwa Chunma |
| 2007 | 20 | Ulsan Hyundai Horang-i | 2–1 | FC Seoul |
| 2008 | 21 | Suwon Samsung Bluewings | 2–0 | Jeonnam Dragons |

## Awards
### Top goalscorer

| Season | Player | Club | Goals | Apps | Ratio |
| 2004 | Zé Carlos | Ulsan Hyundai Horang-i | 7 | 7 | 1.00 |
| 2005 | Sandro Hiroshi | Daegu FC | 7 | 12 | 0.58 |
| 2006 | Choi Sung-kuk | Ulsan Hyundai Horang-i | 8 | 13 | 0.62 |
| 2007 | Luizinho | Daegu FC | 7 | 9 | 0.78 |
| 2008 | Eninho | Daegu FC | 9 | 8 | 1.13 |
Source:

### Top assist provider

| Season | Player | Club | Assists | Apps | Ratio |
| 2004 | Tavares | Pohang Steelers | 5 | 11 | 0.45 |
| 2005 | Paulo César | Jeonbuk Hyundai Motors | 5 | 9 | 0.56 |
| 2006 | Dudu | Seongnam Ilhwa Chunma | 5 | 9 | 0.56 |
| 2007 | Lee Chung-yong | FC Seoul | 5 | 8 | 0.63 |
| 2008 | Byun Sung-hwan | Jeju United | 3 | 9 | 0.33 |
Source:
# Andrei Rabodzeenko

Andrei Rabodzeenko (born 1961) is a Russian-American artist.

## Personal

Born in Kyrgyzstan, USSR, he completed his studies at the Mukhina School of Art and Design in Leningrad, USSR (now St. Petersburg Art and Industry Academy). Since 1991, he lives and works in Chicago, Illinois, USA. He is a member of Chicago Sculpture International.

## Artwork

Andrei Rabodzeenko's art focuses on philosophical themes, and has been characterized as capturing the spirit of the times. In his work, he asks "questions that humans have been asking for millennia—questions about ignorance and suffering, faith and pride, ambition and greed. And above all, about divine power. Lots of people steer clear of these deep waters. Yet the ways each generation explores them feed the zeitgeist, or spirit of the times."
Rabodzeenko explores such philosophical themes in different media and styles: painting, drawing, and sculpture. In oils, he paints in two distinct styles, Archetypes and Metaphysics. Archetypes are a realistic-surrealistic style using techniques and images reminiscent of art from the early Italian Renaissance. This work has been described by one critic as expressing humanistic values in allegorical form. Another reviewer points to the fact that although the work initially looks like it is straight from the Renaissance, after closer inspection, the work reveals subtle references to modernity. Metaphysics is a more primitive, symbolic style that mines personal yet universal dream imagery. "Imagine the glowing, contemporary paintings of Mark Rothko, throw in the symbolism of Salvador Dali, and mix it up with some Picasso etchings, and you start to grasp the world of ... artist Andrei Rabodzeenko."
He also creates semi-abstract sculptures out of wood and metal, installations, and graphic work, using ink, charcoal, and chalk on paper.
His paintings, drawings, and sculptures are in private and public collections, including the Loyola University Museum of Art (Chicago), Skokie Northshore Sculpture Park (Skokie, IL), and Emmanuel College, Cambridge University (UK).