OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Polynesian triller

The Polynesian triller (Lalage maculosa) is a passerine bird belonging to the triller genus Lalage in the cuckoo-shrike family Campephagidae. It has numerous subspecies distributed across the islands of the south-west Pacific.
It is 15 to 16 cm long. The plumage varies geographically; some populations are contrastingly black and white while others have more grey or brown coloration.
It is a noisy bird with a nasal, rasping call. The song is short and high-pitched.
The breeding range extends through Fiji, Samoa, Tonga, Niue, Wallis and Futuna, Vanuatu and the Santa Cruz Islands. It occurs in a wide variety of habitats including man-made habitats such as plantations and gardens. It feeds on insects such as caterpillars and also feeds on fruit.
The cup-shaped nest is placed in the fork of a tree branch. One or two eggs are laid; these are greenish with brown blotches.

## Gallery

* Subspecies L.m. pumila, Abaca, Viti Levu, Fiji Isles
* Subspecies L.m. woodi, Savusavu, Vanua Levu, Fiji Isles
* Nuku'alofa, Tonga
# John Dick (footballer, born 1930)

John Hart Dick (19 March 1930 – September 2000) was a Scottish footballer who played for Crittall Athletic, West Ham United, Brentford, Gravesend & Northfleet and a single appearance for Scotland.

## Career

Born in Glasgow, he became a prolific goalscorer and became the first West Ham United player to play for the Scotland national team. He joined West Ham from Crittall Athletic while on national service. Between 1953 and 1962, Dick made 364 appearances for the club, mainly at inside left. He scored 176 goals for West Ham in all competitions, placing him joint third on the club's all-time top scorers list. He eventually moved to Brentford for an incoming record £17,500 transfer fee. He was later in charge of West Ham Juniors. Dick died in September 2000.

## International career

Dick made one appearance for Scotland, against England at Wembley Stadium in 1959.

## Career statistics

Appearances and goals by club, season and competition :
| Club | Season | League | League | League | FA Cup | FA Cup | League Cup | League Cup | Other | Other | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| West Ham United | 1953–54 | Second Division | 39 | 13 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | 42 | 13 |
| West Ham United | 1954–55 | Second Division | 39 | 26 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | 41 | 26 |
| West Ham United | 1955–56 | Second Division | 35 | 8 | 6 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 1 | 45 | 15 |
| West Ham United | 1956–57 | Second Division | 36 | 8 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 4 | 41 | 13 |
| West Ham United | 1957–58 | Second Division | 41 | 21 | 3 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 3 | 48 | 26 |
| West Ham United | 1958–59 | First Division | 41 | 27 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 45 | 30 |
| West Ham United | 1959–60 | First Division | 24 | 11 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 27 | 12 |
| West Ham United | 1960–61 | First Division | 34 | 16 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 2 | — | — | 38 | 19 |
| West Ham United | 1961–62 | First Division | 35 | 23 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 0 | — | — | 38 | 23 |
| West Ham United | 1962–63 | First Division | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | — | — | 2 | 0 |
| West Ham United | Total | Total | 326 | 153 | 21 | 11 | 4 | 2 | 16 | 11 | 367 | 177 |
* ↑ Three appearances and goal in Southern Professional Floodlit Cup and one appearance in Essex Professional Cup
* ↑ Three appearances and 4 goals in Southern Professional Floodlit Cup
* ↑ Three appearances and 3 goals in Southern Professional Floodlit Cup and one appearance in Essex Professional Cup
* ↑ Two appearances and two goals in Southern Professional Floodlit Cup and one appearance and goal in Essex Professional Cup
* ↑ Two appearances in Southern Professional Floodlit Cup

## Honours

Brentford
* Football League Fourth Division: 1962–63
# Waipoua ponanga

Waipoua ponanga is a species of Orsolobidae that is endemic to New Zealand.

## Taxonomy

This species was described in 1985 by Ray Forster and Norman Platnick from male and female specimens collected near Taupo. The holotype is stored in Otago Museum.

## Description

The male is recorded at 2.47mm in length whereas the female is 3.16mm. The carapace and abdomen are patterned dorsally.

## Distribution

This species is only known from near Taupo, New Zealand.

## Conservation status

Under the New Zealand Threat Classification System, this species is listed as "Data Deficient" with the qualifiers of "Data Poor: Size" and "Data Poor: Trend".
# 1975 in Turkey

Events in the year 1975 in Turkey.

## Parliament

* 15th Parliament of Turkey

## Incumbents

* President – Fahri Korutürk
* Prime Minister –
** until 31 March: Sadi Irmak
** starting 31 March: Süleyman Demirel
* Leader of the opposition – Bülent Ecevit

## Ruling party and the main opposition

* Ruling party – Justice Party (AP) and coalition partners National Salvation Party (MSP), Republican Reliance Party (CGP), and Nationalist Movement Party (MHP) – (starting 31 March) – The government is sometimes called 1.MC
* Main opposition – Republican People's Party (CHP) (26 January – 17 November 1974)

## Cabinet

* 38th government of Turkey (until 31 March)
* 39th government of Turkey, also called "First MC" (starting 31 March)

## Events

* 30 January – Turkish Airlines Flight 345 crashes in Marmara Sea due to airport infrastructure problems.
* 6 February – Turkey suspends talks with United States.
* 13 February – Federated State of Northern Cyprus proclaimed.
* 22 March – Turkey participates in the Eurovision Song Contest for the first time. Turkish contestant Semiha Yankı receives only 3 points, placing last.
* 31 March – Süleyman Demirel forms a coalition government.
* 22 April – Bildergerg meeting in Çeşme, İzmir
* 1 June – Fenerbahçe wins the championship.
* 6 September – 1975 Lice earthquake
* 3 October – U.S. partially lifts its arms embargo on Turkey.
* 22 October – Daniş Tunalıgil, Turkish ambassador to Austria was assassinated by Armenian terrorists.
* 24 October – İsmail Erez, Turkish ambassador to France was assassinated by Armenian terrorists.
* 25 December – State visit of Alexei Kosygin.

## Births

* 27 May – Feryal Özel, astrophysicist
* 10 August – İlhan Mansız, football player
* 2 September – Defne Joy Foster, actress

## Deaths

* 7 July – Reşat Ekrem Koçu, historian (b. 1905)
* 12 July – Latife Uşaklıgil, Atatürk's wife (b. 1898)
* 22 September – Bedri Rahmi Eyüboğlu, painter and poet (b. 1911)
* 12 December – Nihal Atsız, nationalist writer (b. 1905)

## Gallery

* Süleyman Demirel
* Bülent Ecevit
* İlhan Mansız
* Defne Joy Foster
* Latife Uşaklıgil
* Nihal Atsız
# Poydras Center

The Poydras Center is a 28-story, 300 feet (91 m)-tall skyscraper located at 650 Poydras Street at the intersection with St. Charles Avenue in the Central Business District of New Orleans, Louisiana.
# Stacy Sims

Stacy Sims is an exercise physiologist, nutrition scientist, author, and women's health and fitness advocate.

## Early life and education

Sims was born to an American military family in 1973. She spent much of her childhood in the Netherlands and went to high school in San Francisco in the United States. In high school, she competed in cross country running and field hockey. Sims attended Purdue University for her undergraduate degree and graduated in 1995. She then completed a master's degree in exercise physiology and metabolism at Springfield College. She received her Ph.D. from the University of Otago in New Zealand.

## Career

Sims was a bike racer for UCI Team Tibco and triathlete. She has competed in the Ironman Kona, the Maui Xterra World Championships.
From 2007 to 2012, Sims studied sex differences in athletic performance at Stanford University. She educates on women’s and girls’ training and performance, often using the phrase, "Women are not small men." Her 2016 book, Roar focuses on these differences including the effects of menstruation and hormonal birth control, female-centered nutrition, and aging and menopause. In 2019, Sims delivered a talk titled "Women are not small men" at TEDxTauranga.
As of September 2024, Sims holds a research associate position at Auckland University of Technology. She is the co-founder and CEO of Osmo Nutrition.

## Personal life

Sims lives in Mount Maunganui in the North Island of New Zealand.

## Publications

Books
* Roar: How to Match Your Food and Fitness to Your Unique Female Physiology for Optimum Performance, Great Health, and a Strong, Lean Body for Life (2016, co-authored with Selene Yeager)
* Next Level: Your Guide to Kicking Ass, Feeling Great, and Crushing Goals Through Menopause and Beyond (2022, co-authored with Selene Yeager)
# Retail workers in the United States

Retail workers are people who are employed by any form of retail store. Typically one of the first jobs people work in, many retail workers are as young as 14. The jobs of a typical retail worker include processing customers payments, and helping customers around the store, and little training is required.

## Background

In 2017, over 12,000 physical stores closed due to factors including over-expansion of malls, rising rents, bankruptcies, leveraged buyouts, low quarterly profits outside holiday binge spending, delayed effects of the Great Recession, and changes in spending habits. American consumers have shifted their purchasing habits due to various factors, including experience-spending versus material goods and homes, casual fashion in relaxed dress codes, as well as the rise of e-commerce, mostly in the form of competition from juggernaut companies such as Amazon.com and Walmart. A 2017 Business Insider report dubbed this phenomenon the "Amazon effect," and calculated that Amazon.com was generating greater than 50% of the growth of retail sales. Dissenting economists and experts asserted that recent retail closures are a market correction, suggesting that "retail apocalypse" is a misleading phrase that instills insecurity in the 16 million retail workers in the U.S.
Beginning in 2021, many retail workers began leaving their jobs than there were being hired, mostly in part due to burnout, stress, and other hindering factors on workers' mental health, as well as wage stagnation amid rising cost of living, limited opportunities for career advancement, hostile work environments, lack of benefits, inflexible remote-work policies, and long-lasting job dissatisfaction, in a massive loss of jobs known as the Great Resignation.
# Son of Manjeet Singh

Son of Manjeet Singh is a 2018 Indian-Punjabi film directed by Vikram Grover. The film is co-produced by K9 Films and Seven Color Motion Pictures and stars Gurpreet Ghuggi, Karamjit Anmol, Japji Khaira, B.N. Sharma, Harby Sangha and Malkit Rouni in pivotal roles. It is a remake of 2010 Marathi film Shikshanachya Aaicha Gho!.
The film is produced by comedian Kapil Sharma and Sumeet Singh and was released on 12 October 2018.

## Plot

An undefined relationship between father and son of love and dreams goes beyond all boundaries of struggles to meet the demand of generation gap.

## Cast

* Gurpreet Ghuggi as Manjeet Singh
* B.N. Sharma as B.N. Baggha
* Karamjit Anmol
* Japji Khaira as Preeti
* Harby Sangha
* Malkeet Rauni
* Deep Mandeep
* Tania as Simran
* Damanpreet Singh as Jayveer Singh(Manjeet Singh's Son)

## Reception

Jaspreet Nijher of The Times of India gave 3.5 stars out of 5. Manjit Singh of Santa Banta also gave 3.5 stars out of 5. Sangeet Toor of Film Companion gave 3.0 out of 5.
# 1950 in Turkey

Events in the year 1950 in Turkey.

## Parliament

* 8th Parliament of Turkey (up to 2 May)
* 9th Parliament of Turkey

## Incumbents

* President
       İsmet İnönü (up to 20 May June)
       Celal Bayar (from 20 May June)
* Prime Minister
       Şemsettin Günaltay (up to 2 June)
       Adnan Menderes (from 2 June)
* Leader of the opposition
       Celal Bayar (up to 20 May)
       İsmet İnönü (from 2 June)

## Ruling party and the main opposition

* Ruling party
       Republican People's Party (CHP) (up to 2 June)
       Democrat Party (DP) (from 2 June)
* Main opposition
       Democrat Party (DP) (up to 2 June)
       Republican People's Party (CHP) (from 2 June)

## Cabinet

* 18th government of Turkey (up to 2 June)
* 19th government of Turkey (from 2 June)

## Events

* 11 April – Demonstrations in the funeral ceremony of Fevzi Çakmak
* 14 May – General elections, winner takes all system ( DP 396 seats, CHP 68 seats, MP 1 seat, Indep.7 seats)
* 16 July – Ezan (call for prayer) which had been translated into Turkish during the CHP governments was restored to traditional Arabic.
* 3 September – Local elections
* 21 September – Turkish Brigade to Korean War was sent off to Korea.
* 22 October – Census (population 20,947,188)
* 27 November – Beginning of the Battle of Wawon (Kunuri) in Korea in which Turkish brigade distinguished itself.(237 deaths and 825 total casualties)

## Births

* 1 January – Şükrü Sina Gürel, former government minister
* 22 February – Seyit Kırmızı, cyclist
* 1 March – Bülent Ortaçgil, singer
* 17 March – Mehmet Ali İrtemçelik, former government minister
* 20 October – Abdullah Gül, former president

## Deaths

* 2 April – Recep Peker (born in 1889), former prime minister (15th government of Turkey)
* 10 April – Fevzi Çakmak (born in 1876), former chief of staff and the only marshal of the Turkish army (after the death of Kemal Atatürk)
* 1 October – Faik Ali Ozansoy (born in 1876), politician and poet
* 2 November - Huriye Öniz (born in 1887) - one of the first female MPs.
* 15 November – Orhan Veli Kanık (born in 1914), poet

## Gallery

* İsmet İnönü
* Celal Bayar
* Şemsettin Günaltay
* Adnan Menderes
* Fevzi Çakmak
* Şükrü Sina Gürel
* Bülent Ortaçgil
* Abdullah Gül
* Recep Peker
* Huriye Öniz
# Manciple

A manciple /ˈmænsɪpəl/ is a person in charge of the purchase and storage of food at an institution such as a college, monastery, or court of law. Manciples were sometimes also in charge of catering more generally, including food preparation.
The title still survives in some Oxford and Cambridge colleges, at the Charterhouse in the City of London, in the Party of the Right of Yale University, in Freemasonry as the title of one of the council officers in the Order of Royal and Select Masters (or Council of Cryptic Masons), and in the name of Manciple Street in the borough of Southwark, London SE1.
The term comes from Middle English maunciple, taken from Old French, which in turn comes from the Latin mancipium, manceps, a purchaser of stores.
# Sippenbuch

The Sippenbuch was a genealogical book carried by every member of the Schutzstaffel (SS). This measure was imposed by SS leader Heinrich Himmler to ensure the racial purity of the SS, who he described as a "racial upper strata of a Germanic people". Under the Sippenbuch regulations, each member of the SS had to be able to trace their lineage back to 1750 to prove they were of acceptable Aryan descent. Prospective marriage partners were required to provide the same evidence about their ancestry.
# 1949 in Turkey

Events in the year 1949 in Turkey.

## Parliament

* 8th Parliament of Turkey

## Incumbents

* President – İsmet İnönü
* Prime Minister
       Hasan Saka (up to 16 January)
       Şemsettin Günaltay (from 16 January)
* Leader of the opposition – Celal Bayar

## Ruling party and the main opposition

* Ruling party – Republican People's Party (CHP)
* Main opposition – Democrat Party (DP)

## Cabinet

       17th government of Turkey (up to 10 June)
       18th government of Turkey (from 10 June)

## Events

* 14 January: Hasan Saka, the prime minister resigns.
* 24 January: Nationalistic poet Behçet Kemal Çağlar resigns from CHP, protesting Şemsettin Günaltay's cabinet and claiming that the secular principle of the party was sacrificed
* 1 February: Religion courses offered to primary school children.
* 24 March: Turkey grants de facto diplomatic recognition to Israel.
* 9 July: Fire in Çorum passenger ship leaves 61 dead.
* 8 August: Turkey admitted to Council of Europe.
* 17 August: 1949 Karlıova earthquake
* 15 October: By elections
* 16 November: Several members of the Nation Party were arrested on a fake assassination charge (It was claimed that they were planning to assassinate İsmet İnönü and Celal Bayar, but several days later they were released)

## Births

* 1 January – Vehbi Akdağ, wrestler (d. 2020)
* 10 January – Kemal Derviş, economist and politician
* 20 February – Adnan Kahveci, politician
* 25 February – Esmeray Diriker, singer
* 25 February – Sevil Atasoy, biochemist, forensic expert
* 21 March – Muammer Güler, politician
* 29 March – Kayahan Açar, singer
* 15 April – Kadir İnanır, actor
* 14 November – Güneş Taner, politician
* 13 December – Tarik Akan, actor
* 25 December – Mustafa Cengiz, businessman (died 2021)

## Deaths

* 21 February – Ali Çetinkaya (born 1878), politician
* 31 December – Rıza Tevfik Bölükbaşı (born 1869), philosopher and politician

## Gallery

* İsmet İnönü
* Hasan Saka
* Şemsettin Günaltay
* Celal Bayar
* Kemal Derviş
* Kadir İnanır
* Ali Çetinkaya
* Rıza Tevfik Bölükbaşı
# Manhar Bhagatram

Manhar Bhagatram (b. 22 October 1938; d 20-6-2003) was an Indian politician from Chhattisgarh belong to Indian National Congress. He studied Bachelor of Science in Agriculture.
He was member of 5th Lok Sabha by winning by-elections in 1974 at Janjgir Lok Sabha constituency.
He was Member of Rajya Sabha for three terms, 10-4-1978 to 9-4-1984, 10-4-1984 to 9-4-1990 and 3-4-2000 to 31-10-2000 from Madhya Pradesh and 1-11-2000 to 20-6-2003 from Chhattisgarh. He was Treasurer of INC Party in Parliament.
He is survived by Shrimati Kamla Manhar, one daughter and one son.
# Kotsifali

Kotsifali (Greek: Κοτσιφάλι) is a red Greek wine grape that is indigenous to the island of Crete. It is mainly grown in the Heraklion regional unit and sporadically on the Cyclades. The grape alone gives moderately red wine with high alcohol content and rich flavor. It is often blended with Mandilaria, yielding a ruby-colored dry wine with pleasant taste and aroma that requires minimal aging.
# Rowhedge Ironworks

Rowhedge Ironworks was a shipyard situated on the River Colne, and in the village of Rowhedge, in the English county of Essex. It existed from 1904 to 1964, and built a number of coastal vessels, including VIC type Clyde puffers and ferries for the Hythe Ferry in Southampton. The yard also specialised in building small craft for overseas buyers, often in kit form for assembly abroad, including vessels for use on Lake Titicaca and the River Nile.
The site of the yard is now occupied by a riverside housing development.

## Vessels built

In total, the Rowhedge Ironworks built some 900 vessels, including:
* Brightlingsea (1925)
* Hotspur II (1936)
* Hotspur III (1938)
* Guide of Dunkirk (1940)
* Empire Garnet (1941)
* Empire Lad (1941)
* Empire Homestead (1942)
* Empire Boxer (1943)
* VIC 76 (1945)
* VIC 77 (1945)
* VIC 78 (1945)
* Hotspur IV (1946)
* Ben Bates (1956)
# Kosta Čavoški

Kosta Čavoški (Serbian Cyrillic: Коста Чавошки; born 26 October 1941) is a Serbian politician and a retired professor at the University of Belgrade's Law School. He is an outspoken critic of the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia.

## Biography

He was one of the thirteen initiators of the re-establishment of the Democratic Party in Serbia on 11 December 1989. He was one of the leading members of the Founding Committee of the Democratic Party who drafted the first party political program of the Democratic Party published as the Letter of Intent (Pismo o namerama) on 18 January 1990. However, within a year he left the Democratic Party along with Professor Nikola Milošević and others to found his own political entity, the Serbian Liberal Party.
Kosta Čavoški had been a dissident since the 1970s when as an assistant law professor at University of Belgrade in 1973 he published an article critical of the communist system entitled "Which values are protected by our laws?". He was sentenced to a term of imprisonment and thrown out of the Law School. In 1990 he was readmitted to the Law School as a full-time professor, and at the beginning of 1996 the President of Bosnia's Republika Srpska Radovan Karadžić appointed him a Senator of the entity.
On 23 February 2007, Čavoški was briefly questioned by the police in Republika Srpska after visiting the family of Radovan Karadžić, a fugitive accused of war crimes in Bosnia and Herzegovina during the Bosnian War.
In June 2008 he was declared persona non grata by Bosnia-Herzegovina because of his connections, and he was banned from entering the country again.

## Works

* Filozofija otvorenog društva: Politički liberalizam Karla Popera (1975)
* Mogućnosti slobode u demokratiji (1981)
* Ustavnost i federalizam: Sudska kontrola ustavnosti u anglo-saksonskim federacijama (1982)
* Stranački pluralizam ili monizam (1983), with Vojislav Koštunica
* O neprijatelju (1989)
* Revolucionarni makijavelizam (1989)
* Tito – tehnologija vlasti (1991)
* Slobodan protiv slobode (1991)
* Pravo kao umeće slobode. Ogled o vladavini prava (1994)
* Uvod u pravo I. Osnovni pojmovi i državni oblici (1994)
* Na rubovima srpstva (1995)
* Ustav kao jemstvo slobode (1996)
* Uvod u pravo II (1996), with Radmila Vasić
* Zatiranje srpstva (1996)
* Lutka u tuđim rukama (1998)
* Hag protiv pravde (1998)
* Od protektorata do okupacije (1998)
* Apsolutna i ublažena pravda u Eshilovoj Orestiji (2001), with Mirjana Stefanovski
* Zgaženi ustav (2003)
* Okupacija (2006)
* Makijaveli (2008)
* Pod tronom Atlantskog pakta: Evropski sud za ljudska prava (2009)
* Izdaja (2009)
* Odbor za odbranu slobode misli i izražavanja (2010)
* Rasrbljavanje (2011)
* Ustav kao sredstvo agitacije i propagande (2011)
* Srpsko pitanje (2011)
* Anatomija jedne čistke (2013)
* Zloupotreba istorije u Hagu (2013)
* Veleizdaja (2014)
* Da li sudije štite izdaju? (2014)
* Moć i prevlast (2015)
* Nikola Milošević (2015)
* Veleizdaja u višestrukom povratu (2016)
* Kosovo stožer srpstva (2018)
# Rafael Garralda

Rafael Garralda Garre (born 21 January 1956) is a former field hockey player from Spain. He won the silver medal with the Men's National Team at the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow.
# Bobby Gets Going

Bobby Gets Going (German: Bobby geht los) is a 1931 German comedy action film directed by and starring Harry Piel and also featuring Annie Markart, Hilde Hildebrand and Kurt Lilien. It was shot at the EFA Studios in Halensee and on location around Berlin including at the Sportpalast. The film's sets were designed by the art director Gustav A. Knauer. It was based on a 1926 novel by Georg Mühlen-Schulte. It was distributed by the German branch of Universal Pictures.

## Cast

* Harry Piel as Bob Morland
* Annie Markart as Marietta
* Hilde Hildebrand as Olga Loty
* Kurt Lilien as Gurken-Karl
* Ferdinand Hart as Padube
* Erich Dunskus as Mertens
* Frank Günther as Majewski
* Gerhard Dammann as Der rote Jonas
* Kurt von Ruffin as Paul Romanow
* Fritz Odemar as Felix
* Fritz Steiner as Wiesel
* Alfred Beierle as Arena-Director
* Eugen Rex as Eine Type
# Mariela Campos

Mariela Campos may refer to:
* Mariela Campos (footballer, born 1991), Costa Rican footballer
* Mariela Campos (footballer, born 1998), Costa Rican footballer