OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Saint Pierre and Miquelon franc

The Saint Pierre and Miquelon franc was the currency of Saint Pierre and Miquelon during a short time.

## History

Before 1890, the French franc and Canadian dollar both circulated on the islands. These were supplemented with local banknotes of the Banque des Îles Saint-Pierre-et-Miquelon from 1890. The exchange rate of 5.4 francs = 1 dollar was used on the island, although the exchange rate from the two gold standards was 5.1826 francs = 1 dollar. After the franc left the gold standard, only the franc circulated.
During the Second World War, a full set of banknotes was introduced for the islands. In 1945, Saint Pierre and Miquelon adopted a franc tied to the CFA franc, thus avoiding some of the devaluation imposed on the metropolitan currency (c.f. Réunion franc). Coins were issued for the islands in 1948.
In 1960, Saint Pierre and Miquelon adopted the new franc, with 50 old francs = 1 new franc. Local banknotes were used until 1965, when the islands began using French currency along with Canadian currency. The islands continue to use both French and Canadian currencies, with the euro replacing the franc in 2002.

## Coins

Saint Pierre and Miquelon's only coins were aluminium 1 and 2 francs coins struck in 1948.

## Banknotes

Between 1890 and 1895, the Banque des Isles Saint-Pierre et Miquelon issued 27 and 54 francs notes. These unusual denominations were equivalent to 5 and 10 Canadian dollars. In 1920, the Chamber of Commerce introduced notes in denominations of 0.05, 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 1 and 2 francs.
In 1943, the Caisse Centrale de la France Libre introduced notes in denominations of 5, 10, 20, 100 and 1000 francs. These were followed from 1945 by issues of the Caisse Centrale de la France d'Outre-Mer in denominations of 5, 20 and 1000 francs, followed by 10 francs in 1946, 50 francs in 1947 and 100, 500 and 5000 francs in 1950.
From 1960, notes were issued overprinted with the value in new francs. These were in denominations of 1, 2, 10, 20 and 100 new francs, overprinted on 50, 100, 500, 1000 and 5000 francs notes. It was subdivided into 100 centimes.
# Grażyna Błęcka-Kolska

Grażyna Błęcka-Kolska (born 16 February 1962) is a Polish actress. She has appeared in 22 films and television shows since 1988. She starred in Johnnie Waterman, which was screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 1994 Cannes Film Festival.
She is the ex-wife of film director Jan Jakub Kolski.

## Selected Spongebob squarepants movie

* Burial of a Potato (1990)
* Johnnie Waterman (1994)
* Historia kina w Popielawach (1998)
* Pornografia (2003)
* The Office PL (2021)
* spongebob squarpants movie (2004)
# Henrique Dias

Henrique Dias (died 8 June 1662) was a Portuguese soldier and militia leader born in the colony of Brazil. There is no consensus among historians whether he was born free or captive.

## Military career

Dias led a military regiment composed of enslaved and freed slaves and was known as "Governor of the Blacks" in 1636. Dias defended Portuguese settlements from Dutch forces and played important roles in the First and Second Battles of Guararapes, in the defense of Salvador, Bahia, and to restore Portuguese control over Pernambuco. Dias' title was expanded to "Governor of All Creoles, Blacks, and Mulattoes," in 1639.
It is debated whether Dias received nobility status within Brazil, some believe Dias was granted Knighthood in The Order of Christ, while others contend that Dias never received this title and requested knighthood be granted to the men who marry his daughters. Dias traveled to Portugal and petitioned the crown to grant his requests. Dias requested the enslaved blacks who served with him be freed should have "all the rights and privileges of white units". Dias also requested to be compensated for his efforts and allowed to serve as long as he wished.
# National Scientific and Technical Research Council

The National Scientific and Technical Research Council (Spanish: Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, CONICET) is an Argentine government agency which directs and co-ordinates most of the scientific and technical research done in universities and institutes.

## History

The National Scientific and Technical Research Council was established on 5 February 1958 by a decree of the national government. Its first director was Nobel Laureate Bernardo A. Houssay.
Governed by a board independent from the federal government, it funds scientific research in three basic ways. Firstly, it gives grants for collective work to research teams of well-recognized scientists of every discipline, including social sciences and the humanities. Secondly, it has a payroll of about 6,500 researchers and 2,500 technicians working as employees in different categories, from investigador asistente (assistant researcher) to investigador principal (main researcher). Thirdly, it grants scholarships for doctoral and post-doctoral studies to 8,500 young researchers from Argentina and other countries.

## Ranking

In 2022, CONICET was ranked as the best Latin American government research institution by the Scimago Institutions Ranking and the 2nd among all research institutions in the region after the Universidade de São Paulo. At the global level, CONICET holds the 141st position among the most prestigious 8084 research institutions worldwide (including universities, governmental and private research institutions, research councils, etc.).

## Programs

* Science and Justice: This programs seeks to strengthen collaboration between the scientific community and the judiciary branch.
* VocAr: Seeks to promote scientific culture and create awareness about CONICET's actions and activities within the education community, youth and the general public.
* Memory Commission: Strives to recover records of victims impacted by state terrorism.
* Marine Science Commission: Promotes monitoring and scientific research of Argentinian marine and coastal areas.

## Notable members

* Carlos J. Gradin—Argentine archaeologist and member of CONICET
* Andrea Gamarnik—virologist
* Alberto Kornblihtt—molecular biologist
* Lino Barañao—biochemist
* Diego Golombek—biologist and popularizer
# Stamfordham

Stamfordham is a village and civil parish in Northumberland, England. The population of the civil parish at the 2001 Census was 1,047, rising to 1,185 at the 2011 Census. The place-name Stamfordham is first attested in the Pipe Rolls for 1188, where it appears as Stanfordhamn, which roughly translates as 'village at the stony ford'.
The Church of England parish church of St Mary the Virgin was built in the 13th century and overrestored under the direction of Benjamin Ferrey in 1848. In addition to St Mary's, there is a non-denominational Church on the Green. The large village green contains both a market cross (the Butter Cross, dating from 1735) and a village lock-up which is Grade II listed and dates from the early 19th century, pre-dating the formation of police forces.
The village has an Ofsted 'outstanding' rated school (Stamfordham Primary School), a historic Village Hall (originally the school), a public house (Swinburne Arms), an annual fête and car show held on the August bank holiday Monday (Stamfordham Village Fayre), and a number of local social and sports clubs, notably Stamfordham Cricket Club (playing at Grange Park on the southern edge of the village), the first team of which competes in the West Tyne League. The Grade II-listed Bay Horse Inn closed in November 2014. The village is also host to a number of cycling events, including the Cyclone Festival of Cycling and the HSBC UK National Road Race Championships.

## Governance

Stamfordham was a parish until 1866, on 1 April 1955 the parish was reformed from Cheeseburn Grange, Dalton, Eachwick, Harlow Hill, Hawkwell, Heugh, Nesbitt, and Ouston.

## Notable people

* Sir Thomas Widdrington SL, English judge and politician, and founder of the school in Stamfordham in 1663.
* William Dixon, the compiler of the oldest collection of bagpipe music in the British Isles, lived in nearby Ingoe, and many of the family are buried in Stamfordham.
* Arthur Bigge, 1st Baron Stamfordham, Royal Artillery officer and Private Secretary to Queen Victoria and King George V.
* Henry Twizel, former first class cricketer who played for Stamfordham Cricket Club.
# Philaethria dido

Philaethria dido, the scarce bamboo page or dido longwing, is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is found in Central America and tropical South America, both east and west of the Andes, from Brazil and Ecuador northwards to Mexico. Strays can sometimes be found in the lower Rio Grande Valley in southern Texas.

## Description

The butterflies have a wingspan of about 110 mm (4.3 in), and in Mexico are on the wing from July to December. The upper surface of the wings is black patterned with translucent green patches. The underside is similar with some brown streaks with gray scales. Philaethria dido is often confused with Siproeta stelenes. They have a similar coloration, but their wing shapes are different and whereas P. dido flies high in the canopy, S. stelenes is often to be seen in forest clearings and open secondary forest.

## Subspecies

Three subspecies are recognized. Philaethria dido chocoensis is found only on the western side of the Andes, its range extending from Ecuador to the Chocó region in northwestern Colombia. Philaethria dido dido inhabits tropical rainforests of South America east of the Andes, from Colombia to Bolivia. Philaethria dido panamensis lives only in Panama, from San Blas to Chiriquí

## Distribution and habitat

Philaethria dido chocoensis is endemic to land west of the Andes, its range extending from the western parts of Ecuador to the Chocó region in northwestern Colombia. Philaethria dido dido has a more widespread distribution and is native to tropical forests in South America to the east of the Andes. Its range extends from Brazil to Bolivia and Colombia and northward to Mexico. Stray butterflies have occasionally been observed in the lower part of the valley of the Rio Grande in Texas. This butterfly's flight is fast and direct and it mainly flits through the canopy and along the courses of streams, but it may also be seen in clearings and sunlit glades. It is present in tropical rainforests at altitudes from zero up to 1200 metres (4000 ft) but it is absent from deciduous forests.

## Biology

Philaethria dido feeds on nectar that it obtains from the flowers of forest trees such as Cissus. The males normally fly high in the canopy but sometimes descend to sunlit stream sides or gravel beaches besides rivers to sip mineral-rich water. Females often fly at about 4 m (13 ft) off the ground, dipping down at intervals to inspect potential egg-laying sites on species of passion flower. The eggs are laid on the under sides of the leaves on species including Passiflora laurifolia, P. vitifolia, P. edulis, and P. ambigua. The larvae are light green with a covering of reddish spines. The pupa is brown blotched with grey, has a rough warty surface and resembles a bird dropping.
# Hillsboro Independent School District

Hillsboro Independent School District is a public school district based in Hillsboro, Texas (USA).
In addition to Hillsboro, the district also serves a portion of Carl's Corner.
In 2011, the school district was rated "Recognized" by the Texas Education Agency.

## Schools

* Hillsboro High (Grades 9-12)
* Hillsboro Junior High (Grades 6-8)
* Hillsboro Intermediate (Grades 3-5)
* Hillsboro Elementary (Grades K-2)
* Franklin Elementary (Grades PK)
# Naja nigricincta

Naja nigricincta is a species of spitting cobra in the genus Naja, belonging to the family Elapidae. The species is native to the deserts and drier regions of southern Africa. The species is largely nocturnal, and is often found while crossing roads at night. There are two recognized subspecies.

## Taxonomy

Naja nigricincta had long been considered to be a subspecies of the black-necked spitting cobra (Naja nigricollis), but morphological and genetic differences have led to its recognition as a separate species.

## Subspecies

Two subspecies are currently recognized under Naja nigricincta. The nominate subspecies N. n. nigricincta, commonly known as the zebra spitting cobra, zebra cobra, zebra snake or western barred spitting cobra, is given its name because of the dark crossbars that run the length of the snake's body. The subspecies N. n. woodi, commonly known as the black spitting cobra, woods black spitting cobra, is solid black and is found only in the desert areas of southern Africa. Both subspecies are smaller than N. nigricollis; with average adult lengths of less than 1.5 metres (4.9 ft).
| Subspecies | Taxon author | Common name | Geographic range | Regional differences |
| N. n. nigricincta | Bogert 1940 | Zebra spitting cobra, Western barred spitting cobra, Zebra Snake, Zebra Cobra. | Central and northern Namibia and southern Angola | Grey brown, yellow, or pink with dark bands from head to tail |
| N. n. woodi | Pringle 1955 | Black spitting cobra, Woods spitting cobra | Southern Namibia, southern Botswana, Lesotho, South Africa | Solid matte black as adults. Babies are grey bodied with a solid black head. Distinctively different from Naja nigricollis in size and being completely solid black. (S.Angeli 2017) |

## Description

Naja nigricincta is an oviparous venomous spitting cobra with dark brown to black body and zebra-like vertical whitish or light yellow stripes along the dorsal side. These stripes are generally evenly spaced and can be complete or fragmented. The ventral scales range from white to orange in color. In juvenile snakes the overall coloration is lighter than in the adults.
Like all other Naja species, this snake can flatten its head and neck into a hood. The head and hood are uniformly dark brown or black.
The venom of Naja nigricincta can cause massive hemorrhaging, necrosis and paralysis in bite victims. These snakes can also spit their venom, hitting their enemies with great accuracy and causing temporary or permanent blindness.

## Distribution

This species is native to parts of southern Africa (southern Angola, Namibia, Botswana, Lesotho, and South Africa).
# Bromwell Wire Works

Bromwell Wire Works is a historic industrial complex located at Greensburg, Decatur County, Indiana. The original factory was built in 1903, and is a two-story brick building on a rock-faced ashlar foundation and with a gable roof. It has a heavy timber-frame structure and Victorian style detailing. Also on the property are the contributing 1+1⁄2-story brick boiler house (c. 1903), water tower (1928), and galvanizing shop (1922).$^{:2–4,6}$
It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1990.
# Hudson-Grace-Borreson House

The Hudson-Grace-Borreson House is a historic house at 719 West Barraque Street in Pine Bluff, Arkansas. With an evolutionary construction history dating to about 1830, it is a unique and distinctive blend of Greek Revival, Second Empire, and New Orleans French architectural styles. It is a 1+1⁄2-story wood-frame structure, finished in bevel siding, with a dormered mansard roof that has an original iron railing at the boundary between the roof slopes. It has a porch extending across the front, featuring hexagonal posts and delicate turned woodwork. The house began as a two-room cabin about 1830, and was enlarged and altered in 1860. Its most prominent owner, William Grace, was a local lawyer, politician, and veteran of the American Civil War.
The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1971.
# Philip Hellström Bängs

Philip Hellström Bängs (born 24 March 2003) is an international speedway rider from Sweden.

## Speedway career

In 2021, Hellström Bängs helped Sweden qualify for the final of the 2021 Speedway of Nations (the World team Championships of speedway). He has made the Swedish Under 21 title podium in three successive years from 2020 to 2022.
He helped Valsarna win the Allsvenskan during the 2022 Swedish Speedway season. He rode for Smederna in 2023 and 2024.
In 2024, he qualified for the final series of the 2024 SGP2 (the World U21 Championship). In 2024, he helped Sweden win the silver medal at the Under-21 Team World Championship in Manchester.
# My Friends (Red Hot Chili Peppers song)

"My Friends" is a song by American rock band Red Hot Chili Peppers and the fourth track on their sixth studio album, One Hot Minute (1995). It is a melodic ballad and was released in October 1995 by Warner Bros. as the second single from the album. It is the only song from One Hot Minute to be included on their Greatest Hits compilation, though the music video for "Aeroplane" appears on the DVD. It became the band's third number-one single on the US Billboard Hot Modern Rock Tracks chart, where it remained for four consecutive weeks, and their first number one on the Billboard Album Rock Tracks chart, making it the band's first single to top both charts.
The single features two unreleased B-sides. "Stretch" (originally titled Stretch You Out) was intended for the album following the fade out of "One Big Mob". The two were planned to be one song titled "One Big Mob/Stretch You Out" however "Stretch" was not included.

## Critical reception

Siân Pattenden from Smash Hits gave "My Friends" four out of five, complimenting it as "a touching lullaby about how ace friends are, even when they're glum. Anthony Kedis' voice is both brutal and plaintive. A proper song. Absolutely ace."

## Music videos

The surreal original music video for "My Friends" depicts the band in many incarnations on a small boat, stranded in a large stretch of treacherous water. This video was directed by Anton Corbijn. Anthony Kiedis admits that he thought this video was not very good, as it was not realistic. A second video was made for the song, directed by Gavin Bowden, where they were in a studio performing the song. The video was shot in late 1994 at the start of the recording sessions for One Hot Minute, hence Flea had a beard in the video. It appears on their Greatest Hits DVD.

## Live performances

"My Friends" was performed regularly during the One Hot Minute Tour. However, it hasn't been performed in full since 1996, only teased.
On October 2, 2021, Chad Smith and Dave Navarro performed "My Friends" together for the first time in 25 years at the Ohana Festival. They were joined by Taylor Hawkins on vocals, Pat Smear on guitar and Chris Chaney on bass.

## Track listings

* CD single (1995)
* "My Friends" (album)
* "Coffee Shop" (album)
* "Let's Make Evil" (previously unreleased)
* "Stretch" (previously unreleased)
* CD version 2 (1995)
* "My Friends" (album)
* "Coffee Shop" (album)
* "Let's Make Evil" (previously unreleased)
* 12-inch single (1995)
* "My Friends" (album)
* "Coffee Shop" (album)
* "Let's Make Evil" (previously unreleased)
* "Stretch" (previously unreleased)

## Personnel

Red Hot Chili Peppers
* Anthony Kiedis – lead and backing vocals
* Flea – bass, backing vocals
* Dave Navarro – guitar
* Chad Smith – drums
Additional musicians
* Lenny Castro – percussion

## Release history

| Region | Version | Date | Format(s) | Label(s) |
| United States | "My Friends" | September 26, 1995 | Rockcontemporary hit radio | Warner Bros. |
| United Kingdom | "My Friends" | October 9, 1995 | 12-inch vinylCDcassette | Warner Bros. |
| Japan | "Warped" / "My Friends" | October 10, 1995 | CD | Warner Bros. |
# Nancy, Texas

Nancy is a ghost town in Angelina County, in the U.S. state of Texas. It is located within the Lufkin, Texas micropolitan area.

## History

On November 13, 1972, an F2 tornado hit Nancy, killing two people.

## Education

Nancy once had its own school. Today, the ghost town is located within the Zavalla Independent School District.
# Jacob Moritz Blumberg

Jacob Moritz Blumberg (27 June 1873 – 1955) was a German Jewish surgeon and gynaecologist and inventor and namesake of Blumberg's sign.

## Life and work

Blumberg was born in the Province of Posen and educated at the University of Breslau (Wrocław) where he received his doctorate in 1896. He went on to complete further training with Polish surgeon Jan Mikulicz-Radecki at the surgical clinic in Breslau, under German physician Albert Ludwig Sigesmund Neisser, the discoverer of Neisseria gonorrhoeae, at the dermatological clinic, and under German physician Albert Fränkel at the women's clinic. He also trained with Paul Zweifel at the women's clinic in Leipzig. trained with Paul Zweifel and invented Blumberg's sign.
Blumberg began his professional career in Berlin where he specialised in gynaecology and surgery. Early in his career he invented the Blumberg sign to indicate peritonitis. Investigating methods of sterilisation of the surgeon's hands resulted in his invention of a type of rubber glove that was widely adopted by his medical colleagues. World War I required him to fight with the German army and he successfully brought a typhus epidemic in a prisoner of war camp under control by delousing 10.000 Russian POWs in a few days. He was awarded the Iron Cross and received decorations from several other countries.
After the war, Blumberg resumed his surgical practice and organised many prenatal care clinics in Berlin, one of which was the Beulah Clinic which Blumberg personally directed. He also began working in the new fields of radiology and radium therapy and founded an X-ray and radium institute in Berlin. With the rise of the Nazi Party he left Germany and moved to Belsize Park, London, England where he successfully continued his medical work and where his portrait was painted by the renowned artist Arthur Pan. In 1935 he had obtained a quantity of radium from the Curie Institute, founded by Marie Curie in Paris, to help set up his elder son Ernst Friedrich Blumberg's practice in London. This work resulted in Ernst writing the treatise Health through radium therapy in 1950.
Blumberg married Charlotte Haas and they had two sons. The elder son Ernst Friedrich Blumberg M.D. (1908–1973) was also a notable surgeon, gynaecologist and radium therapist who married the Canadian artist Marion Harding in 1960, London, England.