OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Zerzar

Zerzari or Zerzarok, Zarzariyya, Zirzariyya (Kurdish: زێڕزار، زەرزاری، زێڕزارۆک, Zērzār, Zērzārok), was a Kurdish tribe during the Middle Ages. The Zarzariyya were most likely a branch of the Hadhbani tribe, they made a Military cavalry unit in the Ayyubid Sultanate.

## Name

The name of the Tribe is a combination of Zēr (Kurdish: زێڕ, Zēr; lit. 'Gold') and Zar or Zarok (Kurdish: زاڕۆک، زار, Zār, Zārok; lit. 'Child'), which means "Golden child".

## Territory

The Zarzari tribe were an isolated Kurdish tribe, their original homeland was in Irbil region.$^{:71–72}$ They were present in Ushnu and Rawanduz. by 12th century, their territory also included Sinjar and parts of Diyar Bakr. During the 14th century, it was recorded by Al-Umari that the Zerzari tribe were also present in Tel-Haftun, Rostak and Malazgart.

## History
### Description

The Zerzari corps of the Ayyubid Army were described by Imad ad-Din Isfahani:
   Zirzariyya who mocked the lion, being clothed in bravery and naked of all defect.

### Military History

The Zerzaris were recruited by the Artuqids of Diyar-Bakr and later by Atabagate of Mosul, and eventually by Ayyubid rulers. During the Saladin era, there were many Zerzari Emirs serving in the Army. Most notably Shirkuh ibn Bakhel Al-Zarzari, who was one of the Ayyubid Army commanders during the Siege of Acre. And Nashirwan al-Zarzari, who swore his Allegiance to Al-Afdal after Saladin's death.

## Sources

* Öpengin, Ergin (2021). Bozarslan, Hamit; Gunes, Cengiz; Yadirgi, Veli (eds.). The Cambridge History of the Kurds. Cambridge University Press.
* James, Boris (2006). Saladin et les Kurdes: Perception d’un Groupe au Temps des Croisades (in French). Paris: Editions L'Harmattan. ISBN 978-2296001053.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link)
* Bajalan, Djene Rhys; Karimi, Sara Zandi (2017). Studies in Kurdish History: Empire, Ethnicity and Identity. Paris: Taylor & Francis. ISBN 978-2296001053.
# Culiseta atlantica

Culiseta atlantica is a species of mosquito of the Culiseta genus.

## Distribution

This species has been reported in islands of the Azores. Females have been shown to lay their eggs in shaded rock-pool formations in basaltic beds.
# Alex Shaffer (actor)

Alex Shaffer (born August 23, 1993) is an American actor, best known for his role as Kyle Timmons, a troubled kid and a wrestling prodigy, in the 2011 film Win Win.

## Life and career

Shaffer was born in Hunterdon County, New Jersey and raised in Raritan Township. He was a sophomore at Hunterdon Central Regional High School when he was cast as a young wrestler in the movie Win Win after a classmate tipped him off about the auditions to the film that required an athlete-wrestler. Shaffer had been a successful high school wrestler, winning the 2010 New Jersey State Wrestling Championship at 119 lb. as a sophomore, but his wrestling career ended when he broke his L-5 vertebra.
Shaffer's screen debut earned raves. Roger Ebert described his acting as "effortlessly convincing." Shaffer, whose hair was bleached for the role, "plays the reserved and withdrawn Kyle to perfection," said film critic Brandon Fibbs. As for the film director Tom McCarthy, he said: "I knew that if the kid we cast had never wrestled, he wasn’t going to be able to fake it, at least not at the level we wanted Kyle to be. The great thing about Alex is, he also evokes all the qualities of a 16-year-old kid. He just felt so real to me. We really put him through the wringer on this movie and he just kept getting better and better." In an interview with PBS he said: "You know, this monosyllabic shut-down character we all know and love so much, which is very difficult to bring to the screen actually, as you run the risk of the character being flat, but he [Alex Shaffer] found a way in his directness to be very charming".
After the success of Win Win, Shaffer decided to pursue acting professionally. In 2013 he starred alongside Kristen Bell and Martin Starr in the Sundance indie The Lifeguard. He also stars in the director/writer Kimberly Levin's independent film, Runoff. He played the character Squirrel in the 2015 film We Are Your Friends, starring Zac Efron and directed by Max Joseph. At the same time, he briefly filled in as a guest host on the MTV series Catfish: The TV Show in place of Joseph.
In 2016 Shaffer played the role of board track and dirt track racer Albert "Shrimp" Burns in the Discovery Channel docudrama Harley and the Davidsons.

## Filmography

* 2011: Win Win as Kyle Timmons
* 2013: The Lifeguard as Matt
* 2014: Runoff
* 2015: Catfish: The TV Show
* 2015: We Are Your Friends as Squirrel
* 2016: Youth in Oregon as Nick Gleason
* 2016: Delinquent as "Joey"
* 2016: Harley and the Davidsons as Albert "Shrimp" Burns
* 2018: The Griddle House as "Jack"
* 2019 Ring Ring
# Ludvik Toplak

Ludvik Toplak (born July 13, 1942) is a Slovenian law professor and academic administrator, and former politician, ambassador, and member of the Parliament. He is the rector of the Alma Mater Europaea university and former rector of the University of Maribor. He is a member of the European Academy of Sciences and Arts.

## Academic career

Toplak taught at the University of Maribor Faculty of Law since 1973. In 1974 he received LL.M. from New York University and in 1980 he received PhD. His post-doctoral research was done at various universities and institutions worldwide, including State University of New York at Potsdam, New York. Between 1980 and 1987 he was Vice-President of Iskra Delta Computers corporation. In the late 1980s and early 1990s he was active in the democratization and independence movement in Slovenia add was a signatory of the declaration of independence of Slovenia from post-Tito Yugoslavia. He was a member of the pro-democracy coalition Demos and of Slovenian People's Party. In 1990 he was elected to the Slovenian Parliament and during Slovenia's independence he served as the speaker of the Socio-Political Chamber of the Slovenian Parliament. In 1992 he was reelected to the Parliament, but resigned in 1993 after being elected a rector of the University of Maribor. From 2002 to 2006 he was an Ambassador to the Vatican.
After serving as speaker of the Socio-Political Chamber of the Slovenian Parliament (1999–1992), as a member of the Parliament (1992–1993), as a rector of the University of Maribor (1993–2002), and as an Ambassador to the Holy See (2002–2006), he founded Alma Mater Europaea - Evropski center, Maribor in 2007, which in 2010 became part of the Alma Mater Europaea international university. Since the founding in 2007, Toplak served as the president. In March 2024, Alma Mater Europaea became a fully-fledged university and Toplak became its rector.
Ludvik Toplak served as a member of the presidency of the European Rectors' Conference and as a president of the Danube Rectors' Conference. He also served as a governor of the United States Chamber of Commerce in Slovenia.

## Awards

In 2000 he was awarded the Ambassador of the Republic of Slovenia in Science award. In 2022, he was awarded the Golden Order of Merit of the Republic of Slovenia for his outstanding contribution to the democratization and independence of Slovenia and its international and academic standing.

## Personal life

Ludvik Toplak is the father of law professor Jurij Toplak and lawyer Barbara Toplak.
# Gary Solomon (Sint Maarten cricketer)

Gary Mortimer Solomon (born 15 September 1973) is a Guyanese-born Sint Maartener cricketer.
A right-handed batsman and right-arm medium pace bowler, Solomon was selected in Sint Maarten's squad for the 2006 Stanford 20/20, playing in their preliminary round loss to the United States Virgin Islands (USVI). Opening the batting alongside Royston Trocard, Solomon was dismissed without scoring by Dane Weston. In the USVI innings he bowled a single over, taking the wicket of Mark Vitalis and conceding six runs. This marks Solomon's only appearance in Twenty20 cricket.
# JNBridge

JNBridge is a privately owned independent software vendor that provides interoperability software between Java and Microsoft .NET frameworks. The company was founded in 2001 and is based in Boulder, Colorado, USA.

## History

JNBridge was founded in 2001 at a time when Sun Microsystems and Microsoft were embroiled in antitrust lawsuits over the compatibility of Java on Microsoft's platforms.
The first commercially available version of JNBridgePro was released on June 3, 2002. It supported accessing Java classes from .NET. Subsequent versions added accessing .NET classes from Java, support for transactions and plug-ins for Visual Studio and Eclipse.
JNBridge released two new products in 2007, JMS (Java Message Service) adapters for BizTalk and for .NET.
In 2012 JNBridge introduced a line of software labs that demonstrate how to connect diverse technologies.

## Products
### JNBridgePro - Java & .NET Interoperability

JNBridgePro is a Java and .NET interoperability tool that enables developers to build cross-platform applications that run in the same process or across a network, on the ground or in the cloud.

### JNBridge JMS Adapter for .NET

The JNBridge JMS Adapter for .NET provides integration of JMS (Java Message Service) capabilities into Microsoft .NET applications.

### JNBridge JMS Adapter for BizTalk Server

The JNBridge JMS Adapter for BizTalk Server provides integration of JMS capabilities into Microsoft BizTalk Server applications.

## Labs

* Integrate Java- and Mono-based microservices using Docker
* Use the Play Framework to create a Java web application on top of a .NET back-end
* Create a .NET-based Visual Monitoring System for Hadoop
* Build an Excel add-in for HBase MapReduce
* Build a LINQ provider for HBase MapReduce
* Create .NET-based MapReducers for Hadoop
* Using a Java SSH Library to Build a BizTalk Adapter
# Weightlifting at the 2010 Commonwealth Games – Women's 58 kg

The women's 58 kg weightlifting event was the second-lightest women's event at the weightlifting competition, limiting competitors to a maximum of 58 kilograms of body mass. The competition took place on 6 October. The weightlifter from India won the gold, with a combined lift of 197 kg.

## Results

| Rank | Name | Country | B.weight (kg) | Snatch (kg) | Clean & Jerk (kg) | Total (kg) |
| | Yumnam Renubala Chanu | India | 57.93 | 90 | 107 | 197 |
| | Seen Lee | Australia | 57.64 | 86 | 106 | 192 |
| | Zoe Smith | England | 57.98 | 85 | 103 | 188 |
| 4 | Clementina Agricole | Seychelles | 57.59 | 87 | 100 | 187 |
| 5 | Emily Quarton | Canada | 57.90 | 80 | 105 | 185 |
| 6 | Annie Moniqui | Canada | 57.55 | 82 | 102 | 184 |
| 7 | Rita Kari | Papua New Guinea | 57.71 | 75 | 103 | 178 |
| 8 | Pilar Bakam Tzuche | Cameroon | 57.76 | 75 | 96 | 171 |
| 9 | Helen Jewell | England | 57.13 | 77 | 93 | 170 |
| 10 | Fayema Akther | Bangladesh | 57.42 | 72 | 92 | 164 |
| 11 | Monalisa Kassman | Papua New Guinea | 56.91 | 55 | 70 | 125 |
| – | Winifred Eze Ndidi | Nigeria | 57.45 | – | – | DNF |
| – | Mona Pretorius | South Africa | 57.38 | 76 | – | DNF |
# Nala Damayanti (disambiguation)

Nala Damayanti is an episode in the epic Mahabharata. It may also refer to:
* Nala and Damayanti, the main characters from the episode
* Nala Damayanthi (1959 film), an Indian Tamil-language film directed by Kemparaj
* Nala Damayanthi (2003 film), an Indian Tamil-language film directed by Mouli
* Nala Damayanthi (TV series), a 2023 Indian Tamil-language television series
* Nala Damajanti, stage name (after the characters in the Mahabharatha) of a French circus performer
# Doramas

Doramas (also spelled Doramos) was a 15th-century indigenous warrior of the Canary Islands who was a member of the resistance on the island of Gran Canaria. He fought against an invasion by the Crown of Castile in the late 15th century which was undertaken and financed by the Catholic Monarchs.

## Description

Originally from the kingdom of Telde, he belonged to the social class of the "axicatnas" (shorn ones). They had to wear their hair short, unlike the nobles who wore their hair long and enjoyed other privileges. The name of Doramas appears to be a nickname, meaning "he of the wide noses."
With a wide back, and medium stature, Doramas was known for his dexterity in combat and his capacity for leadership. In battle, he carried a large wooden sword and was described as having a shield made from drago wood, which was black, white, and colored, separated into four sections.

## Military exploits

Doramas participated actively in the defense of the island when Castille began its conquest in 1478. He was named a noble by the Guanarteme (the name for the king) and he moved to the kingdom of Gáldar, on the northern part of the island. At the time, the island of Gran Canaria was divided into two kingdoms, Telde in the south and Gáldar in the north. He led a detachment situated in the northern zone that offered great resistance to the invasion at Mount Doramas, which carries his name in honor to this day. He reaped great success as the head of the Canary army, and it turned him into a charismatic leader in the aborigine resistance.
Because of the great fame that Doramas won in the war, the Castilian captain began a decisive campaign against him personally, attacking him on his home turf. On August 20, 1481, while engaged in a bruising battle in the region of Arucas, Doramas fell victim to a lance-wound and died. His severed head was exhibited in the city of Las Palmas as a warning to the population. The Battle of Arucas [it] ended on November 30, 1481, between the warriors and the troops of Pedro de Vera. Subsequently, Grand Canary was incorporated into the Crown of Castille on April 29, 1483.
Since the war, the baptisms of descendants of certain nobles have included a ceremony in which they are conferred another name in memory of their Canary origin. Doramas's descendants have been given the surname "Oramas," one of the few of true Canary origin that survive into the present day.
# Ado Reinvald

Ado Reinvald (3 December 1847 Viljandi Parish, Viljandi County – 8 February 1922) was an Estonian poet.
He was the owner of Ilissa farm near Tarvastu, then in the Russian Empire. Because of the initiative of Reinvald, the farm was transformed into the local cultural centre. In 1894, the centre went bankrupt.
Reinvald died in 1922 and is buried at Raadi Cemetery in Tartu.
Several of Reinvald's poems have been set to music. The most notable is "Kuldrannake" ('Golden Strand'), music by Aleksander Läte.

## Works

* poetry collection "Villandi laulik" ('The Bard of Viljandi'; I 1872, II 1875, III 1877, IV 1889)
* poetry collection "Õitsi Ööpik" ('The Nightingale of Night Herd'; 1876)
* poetry collection "Nalja-Kannel ehk Laulurahe Baltlaste lilliaias" (I 1881, II 1883)
* humour book "Suur Naljahammas" ('The Great Joker'; 1903)
# Hercules Robertson, Lord Benholme

Hercules James Robertson, Lord Benholme (13 October 1795 – 15 September 1874) was a Scottish judge. He became a Senator of the College of Justice in 1853.

## Life

Born in Edinburgh, he was the son of George Robertson – Scott and his wife Isabella Scott.
Robertson was educated at the High School and then studied law at the University of Edinburgh. He was called to the Scottish bar in 1817. Robertson was Sheriff of Renfrewshire in 1842 and was appointed a Lord of Session assuming the judicial title Lord Benholme, after his mother's family seat.
He lived with his family at 76 Great King Street, a very large Georgian townhouse in Edinburgh's Second New Town.
He died in Edinburgh on 15 September 1874.

## Family

On 7 July 1829, he married Ann Wilhelmina Hope (died 1842), the daughter of Charles Hope, Lord Granton. They had four sons and two daughters.
His son David Robertson became a minister and married Eleanor Charlotte Dalrymple-Fergusson, daughter of Sir Charles Dalrymple Fergusson, 5th Baronet of Kilkerran.
His son George Robertson (1830–1896) became a civil engineer in charge of the expansion of Leith Docks. He was a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh and President of the Royal Scottish Society of Arts from 1866 to 1868.

## Arms

Coat of arms of Hercules Robertson, Lord Benholme :
* CrestA lion's head erased Gules langued Azure.
* EscutcheonArgent three lions' heads erased Gules within a bordure of the second charged with six fleur-de-lys of the first.
* MottoMe Fortem Reddit Deus
# Weightlifting at the 2010 Commonwealth Games – Women's 69 kg

The women's 69 kg weightlifting event was an event at the weightlifting competition, limiting competitors to a maximum of 69 kilograms of body mass. The competition took place on 8 October. The weightlifter from Canada won the gold, with a combined lift of 235 kg.

## Results

| Rank | Name | Country | B.weight (kg) | Snatch (kg) | Clean & Jerk (kg) | Total (kg) |
| | Christine Girard | Canada | 68.89 | 105 | 130 | 235 |
| | Janet Georges | Seychelles | 68.34 | 100 | 116 | 216 |
| | Itohan Ebireguesele | Nigeria | 68.40 | 95 | 120 | 215 |
| 4 | Marie-Josée Arès-Pilon | Canada | 67.02 | 92 | 115 | 207 |
| 5 | Mercy Obiero | Kenya | 67.44 | 80 | 110 | 190 |
| 6 | Belinda van Tienen | Australia | 68.82 | 83 | 110 | 190 |
| 7 | Guba Hale | Papua New Guinea | 68.16 | 80 | 100 | 180 |
| 8 | Nor Abdul Halim | Malaysia | 67.85 | 75 | 96 | 171 |
| 9 | Dora Abotsi | Ghana | 67.03 | 76 | 93 | 169 |
| 10 | Prossy Nyanga | Uganda | 68.01 | 75 | 90 | 165 |
| 11 | Kerri Wotenick | England | 68.01 | 75 | 90 | 165 |
| – | Natasha Perdue | Wales | 67.61 | – | – | DNF |
# Ebba From

Ebba Ingegerd From Svahn (23 October 1915, Helsinki – 25 November 2006, Helsinki) was a Finnish track athlete. She was one of the first four female Finnish Olympic athletes in athletics.
From qualified for the 1936 Olympic Games in Berlin in the 100 meter and 4 × 100 meter relay events.

## Sources

* Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill; et al. "Ebba From". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 2016-12-03.
* This biographical article relating to Finnish athletics is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
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# Connie Binsfeld

Connie Berube Binsfeld (April 18, 1924 – January 12, 2014) was an American Republican politician from the U.S. State of Michigan. She served as the 60th lieutenant governor of Michigan. Starting as an advocate for the environment in planning for the Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore, she also was known for protecting interests of women and children. She was the first woman to hold leadership posts in Michigan's House, Senate and executive branch, where she served four terms in the House, two in the Senate, and two as Lieutenant Governor.

## Biography

Born Connie Berube in Munising, Michigan, in 1924, she attended local schools. After graduating from high school, Berube went to Siena Heights College. After she married in the 1940s, she and her husband settled near Detroit and had a family. She later taught high school history and politics.
Binsfeld became involved in local politics in Leelanau County, Michigan, where she and her family moved to Glen Lake from Detroit in 1968. She headed a citizens' council to participate in planning for the Sleeping Bear Dunes National Seashore. She served 10 years on the Great Lakes Commission.
Recognized for her speaking and leadership, Binsfeld was first elected to political office as county commissioner for Leelanau County, Michigan. In 1974, she was elected to the first of four successive terms in the Michigan House of Representatives. She would later serve two terms in the Michigan Senate. As a member of the Legislature, she was known for sponsoring some of the strongest legislation to address domestic violence, and was known as an advocate for women and children. She continued her interest in the environment. At the time of her death, Gov. Rick Snyder noted the importance of her sponsoring the Sand Dunes Protection Act and introducing the 1983 Quality of Life Bonding Bill for cleanup of areas.
In 1990, Binsfeld was selected to be the running mate of Republican gubernatorial candidate John Engler. She took office as the state's lieutenant governor in 1991 and served until early 1999. As lieutenant governor, she headed the Binsfeld Children's Commission. Its investigation of issues related to adoption and the child welfare system produced 197 proposed reforms, including for adoption and other laws. The state legislature passed 20 laws drafted by Binsfeld and her staff to make policy to implement these recommendations.
Binsfeld died at age 89 in Glen Lake, Michigan, on January 12, 2014, in hospice.

## Personal life

She was married to John Binsfeld. They had five children together: John, Greg, Susan, Paul and Mike.

## Legacy and honors

* 1977, named Michigan Mother of the Year
* 1990, Binsfeld received the Sister Ann Joachim Award from her alma mater, Siena Heights University.
* In 1998, she was named to the Michigan Women's Hall of Fame.
* She also received Honorary Doctorates of Humane Letters from University of Notre Dame, Northern Michigan University, Grand Valley State University, and other institutions of higher learning.
# Phonoharp Company

The Phonoharp Company (1892–1928) was an American manufacturer of musical instruments based in Boston, Massachusetts. Among the instruments the company was known for was the autoharp, whose design they acquired from Alfred Dolge in 1910; they later merged with Oscar Schmidt (who would become the primary American producers of autoharps) in 1926. The company was also known for producing other instruments, namely the guitar zither, mandolin zither, celestaphone, and the ukelin.
Among its employees who would go on to their own success was Henry Charles Marx, inventor of the Marxophone.
# Wattle Grove, Tasmania

Wattle Grove is a rural locality in the local government area of Huon Valley in the South-east region of Tasmania. It is located about 21 kilometres (13 mi) south-west of the town of Huonville.

## History

Wattle Grove was gazetted as a locality in 1971.
The 2016 census had a population of 117 for the state suburb of Wattle Grove. At the 2021 census, the population had increased to 135.

## Geography

The shore of the Huon River estuary forms the western boundary.

## Road infrastructure

The C639 route (Cygnet Coast Road) enters from the north-west and follows the Huon River to the south-west, where it exits. Route C640 (Wattle Grove Road) starts at an intersection with C639 in the west and runs east and north-east through the locality until it exits. Route C646 (Forsters Rivulet Road) starts at an intersection with C640 and runs east until it exits.
# Somasetty Suresh

Somasetty Suresh is an Indian cricketer, who has played 95 first-class matches between 1997 and 2008. Suresh, an all rounder has played Ranji Trophy matches for Assam, Goa and Tamil Nadu, where he captained Tamil Nadu. and has played against England A team representing Tamil Nadu Cricket Association in 2004.
# The Tale of Custard the Dragon

The Tale of Custard the Dragon is a poem for children written by Ogden Nash. A picture book of the 1936 poem with illustrations by Lynn M. Munsinger was published in 1995.
The poem has been described as "probably his most famous poem for kids". In 1959, it inspired Leonard Lipton to write a poem that evolved into the song "Puff, the Magic Dragon". This poem is written as a ballad which presents a short story with parody.

## Synopsis

The poem opens with the introduction of Belinda and her company of pets: Ink (the kitten), Blink (the mouse), Mustard (the dog) and Custard (the cowardly dragon). Everyone is fond of bragging and boasting about their bravery, except Custard. Despite his frightening looks, the dragon cries for a nice safe cage and gets tickled mercilessly. His inmates take it for granted that he is a coward and makes him the butt of ridicule, calling him Percival. The poem has an ironic tone, as the fierce-looking dragon is weak and scared - unlike threatening storybook dragons.
Suddenly, a pirate holding pistols breaks into the house. Panic-stricken, everyone flees except Custard, who chases the pirate and devours him - proving himself the bravest of all. The others now feel obliged to him. Once the danger is over, however, everyone resumes blowing his own horn, while Custard keeps asking for a nice safe cage.