OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Cross of Sorrow

The Cross of Sorrow (Finnish: 'Surunristi', Russian: Крест скорби, "Krest skorbi") is a memorial in Russia dedicated to the thousands of soldiers of both sides who perished in the Winter War of 1939–1940 when the Soviet Union attacked Finland. It is located in Pitkyarantsky District, Karelia, near the crossroads Pitkyaranta – Suojarvi / Petrozavodsk – Vyartsilya, 19 km off Pitkyaranta. It is the first monument to the Winter War in Russia.
It is a 5-metre (16 ft) cast-iron cross with Finnish and Russian mothers leaning to it from the opposite sides in sorrow for the dead. It is located on an artificial mound, on which groups of stones are placed to symbolize the perished soldiers.
It was unveiled on June 27, 2000, in the presence of government delegations of Russia and Finland. Its construction was planned according to the joint Russian-Finnish agreement about the cooperation in preserving the memory of those who perished in the war, adopted in 1992. The author of the monument is Karelian sculptor Leo Lankinen, who won the contest of the projects. Because of his death, the monument was finished by Karelian sculptor Eduard Akulov, with overall planning of the site carried out by architect Lia Karma, with the help of Finnish landscape experts Seppo Hiekala and Seppo Rosenberg from Kuopio, Finland, where a committee in support of the construction of the monument was established. The project was financed by many contributors from Karelia, Moscow and Kuopio.
Composer Viktor Kramarenko wrote the requiem Cross of Sorrow.
The monument was erected in an area of heavy fighting. When on December 10, 1939, the Red Army captured Pitkyaranta, the Finnish side prepared a strong resistance, and the battles which continued until February were extremely fierce. The Red Army lost at least 35,000 soldiers, its heaviest losses of World War II in northern areas of the Eastern Front. The Finnish side lost an estimated 6,000 soldiers. The surrounding area, locally known as "the valley of death", constitutes the historic-memorial complex "The Valley of the Heroes" (Долина Героев), with graves and remnants of fortifications.

## Gallery

* Memorial plaque
* Rest place "Glade of Sorrow"
# Breakers Point Naval Guns

The Breakers Point Naval Guns are a historic World War II-era defensive fortification on the island of Tutuila in American Samoa. It consists of two 6-inch (150 mm) Mark 8 Model 2 naval guns, mounted on circular concrete platforms about 200-foot (61 m) above sea level at the end of Papatele Ridge, which flanks the east side of Pago Pago Harbor. The guns, manufactured in 1907, were emplaced in 1941 amid fears of a Japanese invasion of the island, and were left in situ (albeit disabled) after invasion fears subsided. They were brought to the site by an innovative railway system that used locally crafted rails fashioned out of ifil wood when steel rails were not available. The guns are located on private family-owned land, but may be hiked to with permission.
The site was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1999.

## History

In October 1941, six-inch Naval guns arrived in Pago Pago in crates. There were four unwieldy cannons of this caliber, each measuring over 20 feet (6.1 m) long and weighing ten tons. The guns had to somehow be lifted into the elevated newly made concrete positions on Breakers and Blunts Points, about 500 feet (150 m) above ground level. The only available routes went through the jungle and up 70-degree, muddy slopes. There were no trails, roads nor paths leading to these four positions on each side of the Pago Pago Harbor. It was later determined that a tramway was needed in order to move the guns up the hills. The contractors immediately sent a request to Alameda, California for steel rails, hoisting gear, and cables.
# Popes (gang)

The Almighty Insane Popes Nation is a Chicago, Illinois street gang, formed in the late 1950s on the north side of Chicago, primarily building membership from a Greek greaser gang that hung out at the corner of Lawrence and Rockwell. This small group had problems with the much larger Latin Kings gang on the north side, and so they began to associate with the Almighty Simon City Royals in an attempt to protect themselves. However, rather than joining the Royals outright, they eventually decided to form their own gang, which they named the Popes: this stood for "Protecting Our People Eliminating Spics" (eventually the racial slur would be replaced by "scum" when the Popes ceased to be a racist gang and began inviting Latinos and African Americans to join).

## Expansion

By the mid 1970s the Popes' main membership consisted of many Poles from the Albany Park/Lincoln Square neighborhood, and German, Irish, and Scandinavians in the Portage Park, Jefferson Park, and Mayfair neighborhoods. At their peak in the mid-1960s to early 1970s, they had 300–500 members. In the 1980s, news reports indicated that some members were the children of Chicago Fire Department firefighters and Chicago Police Department officers.

### South Side Almighty Insane Popes

In the mid 1970s, some accounts claim the nation leader, Larry "Larkin" Morris, started a new branch on the south side. In 1975, Larkin was killed by members of the Almighty Gaylords. The north side Insane Popes formed even stronger alliance with the Simon City Royals, and called this “DAB”. The Royals joined the Folks Nation, and the Almighty Insane Popes Nation eventually did also. However, the south side branch, who hated the Satan Disciples and Two-Six gangs who were Folks Nation members, became a renegade faction, even going so far as to join the rival People Nation alliance and severing ties completely with the north side Almighty Insane Popes Nation.

## Modern day

Today the North Side Popes' main rivals are the Latin Kings, and the South Side Popes' main rivals are the Spanish Cobras, Satan Disciples, and Gangster Two-Six. As of 2022, the South Side Popes have active territory in McKinley Park, Vittum Park, and Mt. Greenwood.
The North Side Popes remain allied with the Folk Nation, while the south side Popes remain allied with the People Nation. South Side Popes wear Chicago White Sox apparel or black and white and Pittsburgh Pirates hats. North Side Popes wear baby-blue and black, showing allegiance to the Royals with whom they retain close ties.
# Arthur Meek (playwright)

Arthur Meek, born in 1981, is a New Zealand playwright and actor. He is a graduate of Theatre Studies at Otago University and of Toi Whakaari: NZ Drama School. He graduated from Toi Whakaari with a Bachelor of Performing Arts (Acting ) in 2006.
Plays include: Charles Darwin: Collapsing Creation (2009). Fight the Fat (2011), commissioned for Allen Hall Theatre's Lunchtime Theatre programme, Sheep (2011), Dark Stars (2012), On the Upside Down of the World (2013), Trees Beneath the Lake (2014). Erewhon Revisited (2017), a co-commission between Christchurch Arts Festival and Magnetic North (Scotland).
Meek is also the co-creator of comedy band The Lonesome Buckwhips, who have performed on stage and had their own radio series, The Lonesome Buckwhips, commissioned by Radio New Zealand, and originally broadcast in July 2009.
Adaptations: On the Conditions and Possibilities of Helen Clark Taking me as her Young Lover and On the Conditions and Possibilities of Hillary Clinton Taking me as her Young Lover, and Richard Meros Salutes the Southern Man (2012), with Geoff Pinfield. Meek was the performer in each of these solo shows. As one reviewer noted, "Meek is the ideal thespian suitor to Meros' satyric satire."
As an actor, his roles have included performing in several of his own works, such as the solo show Erewhon Revisited, Dean Parker's The Hollow Men, Emily Perkins' New Zealand adaptation of Ibsen's A Doll's House and Lungs by Duncan McMillan.

## Awards

Meek has won the Harriet Friedlander New York Residency, the Bruce Mason Award for Playwriting in 2011, and the Summer Writer in Residence at the Michael King Writers Centre. In 2015 he was awarded the Scotland Playwright Residency by Creative New Zealand and Playwrights’ Studio Scotland.
He also won the Chapman Tripp award for Most Promising Male Newcomer of the Year in 2008, and the Peter Harcourt Award for Outstanding New Playwright of the Year in 2009 for Charles Darwin: Collapsing Creation.
# Premikudu

Premikudu (transl. Lover) is a 2016 Indian Telugu-language romantic comedy film written and directed by Kala Sundeep. The film stars Maanas and Sanam Shetty in the lead roles. It was released on 17 June 2016. The film was dubbed into Malayalam with the same name.

## Cast

* Maanas Nagulapalli as Sri
* Sanam Shetty as Krishna
* Ajith
* Shakalaka Shankar
* Paruchuri Venkateswara Rao
* Bhanu Chander

## Production

The film marks Maanas' solo debut; he previously starred in Kai Raja Rai (2015). and Green Signal (2016). The film's title logo was launched in August 2015 at Prasad Labs in Hyderabad coinciding with Maanas's birthday. The event was presided by film producer Damodar Prasad, who was the chief guest. By August 2015, 60 percent of the film's shoot was complete, with the shoot primarily taking place in and around Bangalore.

## Soundtrack

The film's music was composed by Vijay Balaji and Paadu Shantha Paadu. The film's soundtrack was released on 13 March 2016 at a ceremony held at Rock Heights in Hyderabad. The previous day, a single track was premiered at an FM station.
# Bedřich Bernau

Bedřich (Friedrich) Bernau, born Přemysl Bačkora (22 August 1849, in Prague – 2 January 1904, in Plaňany) was a Czech amateur archaeologist, who wrote popular works on that subject and ethnography. He changed his name out of concern that publishers in Germany would be reluctant to publish books by someone with a Czech name.

## Life and work

He was born to the teacher and writer of books for young people, Josef Množislav Bačkora [cs]. He married Anna Žofia Franclová, while he was working as an accountant at a sugar refinery in Radonice. From 1876 to 1880, they had three children. In 1881, they moved to Štětí, where they lived for less than a year, then went to Plaňany, where he once again worked for a sugar refinery; this time as a manager.
Although he spent much of his life as an accountant, for several types of businesses, his spare time was devoted to the study of culture, history, and archaeology. He collaborated with Otto's Encyclopedia, and was an active member of the National Museum Society, as well as several other organizations devoted to history. In 1895, he became an executive with the Archaeological Commission at the Czech Academy of Sciences and Arts [cs].
He was known for his ethnographic and historical studies of Bohemia, which he wrote in Czech and German. He was a contributor to the journal, Památky archeologické [cs] (archaeological monuments) and to an extensive guidebook, Čechy (Bohemia), by Jan Otto, with illustrations by Karel Liebscher.
His main work was the Album der Burgen und Schlösser im Königreiche Böhmen (album of castles and palaces in the Kingdom of Bohemia, 2 vols.), issued from 1879 to 1883, with illustrations by Baltazar Kutina (1853-1923). It was intended to be a longer series, but was cancelled by the publisher, Druck und Verlag Brüder Butter, of Saaz. It has been suggested that they were looking for something critical of the Czechs, and thought the work was too objective. One of his last major works, Plaňany s okolím (Plaňany and its surroundings, 1896), was dedicated to the town where he spent the last years of his life.
# Horacio Pagani (auto executive)

Horacio Pagani (born 10 November 1955) is an Argentine-Italian businessman and automobile engineer in the automotive industry. He is the founder of Pagani Automobili S.p.A., an Italian specialty automaker.
Prior to founding his own company, Pagani worked for Renault and Lamborghini.

## Personal life

Horacio Pagani was born in Casilda, Argentina to Luca and Maria Pagani. His father, Luca, was a baker from Italy.

## Career

Pagani took an interest in engineering while still living in Argentina. However, he felt from the beginning that the rural town into which he was born was inadequate for fulfilling his dream of an engineering career. He opened a small shop where he worked at a very young age, gaining valuable experience in craftsmanship. By the age of 20, Pagani had designed and built his first F3 racer.
The turning point in Pagani's life came when he was hired by Renault to improve the body of a racing car. His work offered staggering improvements and Pagani was able to showcase his talent. After having success on this small scale, Pagani visited Lamborghini and met with the company's chief technical director Giulio Alfieri. In 1982, he decided to move to Italy, and he was hired by Lamborghini. Pagani began working basic jobs such as sweeping floors; and in time he was able to work his way up the company.
He became the chief engineer at Lamborghini and he built the Countach Evoluzione concept. He tried to persuade Lamborghini to buy an autoclave so they could extend the production of the carbon parts for the Evoluzione. They refused, saying that Ferrari did not have an autoclave, so Lamborghini didn't need to have one. Pagani borrowed the capital to buy his own autoclave late in 1987 and then, in 1991, he broke away from the company and founded his own consultancy called Modena Design which continues to make carbon fiber composites for Formula One cars and clients like Daimler, Ferrari and Aprilia.
Pagani Automobili Modena was founded by Pagani in 1992. The first car he produced was the Zonda, which took seven years to complete, followed by the Huayra, named after Huayra-tata, the god of the wind in Incan culture.
# Suvarna Bhoomi

Suvarna Bhoomi (pronunciation) is a 1969 Indian Kannada film, directed by A. M. Sameevulla and produced by A. M. Sameevulla. The film stars Rajesh, Sudarshan, Pandari Bai Dinesh and Shakthi Prasad in lead roles. The film had musical score by Vijaya Bhaskar. The plot line where the elder brother is a thief and younger brother is a police officer whilst the elder brother dying in the arms of the mother after being shot in the climax along with mother sentiment sequences could be seen in later films such as the 1975 movie Deewaar.

## Cast

* Rajesh
* Sudarshan
* Dinesh
* Shakti Prasad
* M. S. Sathya
* Hanumanthachar
* Pandari Bai
* Udayachandrika
* Shailashree
* Tara
* Master Rajkumar
* Master Krishnakumar
* Master Srinivas
* Baby Dhivyamani
* Thoogudeepa Srinivas
* Subba Rao
* Phailwan Siddu
* Gajendra
* Srirang
* Madangopal
* Sathyaprakash
# Tegegnework Gettu

Tegegnework Gettu is the United Nations Under-Secretary-General and Associate Administrator of the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) replacing María Eugenia Casar. He previously held the post of Under-Secretary-General for General Assembly and Conference Management. He was appointed to this position by the United Nations Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon on 25 March 2013.

## Academic career

Tegegnework Gettu has lectured in a number of academic institutions, including Addis Ababa University, Hunter College, and the University of Rochester, New York. He was also a Fellow at Columbia University.

## International career

Tegegnework Gettu served a number of high-ranking positions in the United Nations Development Programme, both at the country level and at its headquarters in New York. He was the Country Director for Southern Africa and Indian Ocean countries and Acting Resident Representative in Liberia and Sierra Leone before becoming a Senior Economic and Political Advisor in UNDP's Africa Bureau. He later served as Assistant Secretary-General and Regional Bureau Director for Africa at UNDP.

## Personal life

An Ethiopian national, Tegegnework Gettu was born in 1952. He is married and has two children.
# Breedlove House and Water Tower

The Breedlove House and Water Tower are a historic residential property on the south side Benton County Route 4 east of Bentonville, Arkansas, about 1.1 miles (1.8 km) east of its junction with Arkansas Highway 72. The two-story house is a c. 1887 brick structure that was enlarged and restyled c. 1907, giving it a mix of original Italianate and Eastlake detailing, and a front Colonial Revival two-story porch. The property includes a 28-foot (8.5 m) square brick tower, built c. 1920 as a water supply for an apple orchard. The tower is the only structure surviving in the county from the period known to be associated with the then-significant apple industry.
The property was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1988.
# The Girl Is in Trouble

The Girl Is in Trouble is a 2015 American thriller film co-produced and directed by Julius Onah, who co-wrote it with Mayuran Tiruchelvam. It stars Columbus Short, Wilmer Valderrama, Paz de la Huerta, Alicja Bachleda, and Jesse Spencer.
The Girl Is in Trouble was simultaneously released theatrically and on video on demand in the United States on April 3, 2015, by Entertainment One. The film received mixed reviews from critics.

## Plot

August, a Lower East Side bartender, becomes entangled in a murder mystery involving Signe, a desperate woman, Angel, the brother of Jesus, a missing drug dealer and Nicholas, the scion of a powerful investment firm.

## Cast

* Columbus Short as August
* Wilmer Valderrama as Angel
* Alicja Bachleda as Signe
* Jesse Spencer as Nicholas
* Paz de la Huerta as Maria
* Míriam Colón as Grandma
* Mike Starr as Fixer
* Tom Pelphrey as Eric
* Kareem Savinon as Jesus
* Wass Stevens as Freddy
* J. Bernard Calloway as Dre
* Omer Barnea as Amir
* Jamie Miller as Young Signe

## Reception

On the review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, 61% of 19 critics' reviews are positive, with an average rating of 5.7/10. Metacritic, which uses a weighted average, assigned the film a score of 55 out of 100, based on nine critics, indicating "mixed or average" reviews.
# Maheen Khan

Maheen Khan (Urdu: ماہین خان) is a Pakistani fashion and costume designer, also an award winner fashion designer for fashion labels like The Embroidery House, Maheen and Gulabo. She has done many national and international fashion events and shows. She undertook embroidery for the film Snow White and the Huntsman and television series The Jewel in the Crown. For the e-commerce, her brand is officially onboard on Studio by TCS.

## Career

Khan started her career in the fashion industry as a designer in 1972. She has designed costumes and embroidery for the films Sweeney Todd, The Phantom of the Opera, Elizabeth, and Elizabeth: The Golden Age. She also done many costumes for theatres and opera.
Khan has created fashion shows in Pakistan and overseas. She is also the CEO of Fashion Pakistan Week. She has also designed for the international fashion events.
Khan also showcased her collection at the Milan Fashion Week where she got the title of Coco Chanel of the East. She also designed dresses for Benazir Bhutto, Jemima Khan, Ghinwa Bhutto, Princess Sarvath al-Hassan and Princess Salimah Aga Khan.
# Battle of Faenza (490)

The Battle of Faenza was fought between the Kingdom of Italy under Odoacer and the Ostrogoths under Theodoric the Great. With the permission of the Eastern Roman emperor Zeno, Theodoric had in 488 gained permission to invade Italy and depose Odoacer. Having previously been defeated by Theodoric at Isonzo and Verona, Odoacer retreated to his heavily fortified capital Ravenna in October 489. After receiving reinforcements from Southern Italy, Odoacer defeated Theodoric at Faenza in 490. After his victory, Odoacer pursued Theodoric to Pavia, where he was defeated on August 11, 490 at the Battle of the Adda River, after which he retreated back to Ravenna.

## Sources

* Tucker, Spencer C. (2009). A Global Chronology of Conflict: From the Ancient World to the Modern Middle East [6 volumes]: From the Ancient World to the Modern Middle East. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-1851096725.
* This article about a battle in Italian history is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# Wielonek, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship

Wielonek is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Lubiewo, within Tuchola County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland.
# James Gunn Matheson

James Gunn Matheson (1 March 1912 – 28 October 2007) was a Scottish Church of Scotland minister. He served as Moderator of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland in 1975. He did much to bridge differences between religions and was a strong friend of Archbishop Thomas Winning.

## Early Life

He was born 1 March 1912 in Caithness the son of Rev Donald Matheson, a Free Church of Scotland minister, and Henrietta Gunn (1884-1960). He was the third of 10 children born in the family. He was educated Inverness Royal Academy.
His father, Rev Norman Matheson (1987-1952) and his uncle, Rev Donald John Matheson (1980-1962) were sons of Donald Matheson, a missionary in the Free Presbyterian Church of Scotland, and themselves were ordained into the denomination. James was born while his father was Free Presbyterian Minister in Halkirk, Caithness. In 1920, his father joined the Free Church of Scotland.

## Ministry Career

He studied arts and divinity at the University of Edinburgh. He was ordained around 1934 and his first charge was Olrig in Caithness.
In the Second World War he served as an Army Chaplain in North Africa. He was captured by the Germans at the Battle of Tobruk in 1942. He was held as a prisoner-of-war in Italy for the remainder of the war. During this time he learned Italian and acted as a liaison officer with the Italian authorities.
On release he rejoined the ministry and served at St Columba's Church in Blackhall, Edinburgh from 1946. In 1951 he travelled to the other side of the world as minister of Knox Church, Dunedin in New Zealand.
In 1961 he returned to Scotland to take on a senior administrative role at the Church of Scotland Offices on George Street in Edinburgh. During this period he was an elder in Mayfield Church in southern Edinburgh. In 1973 he returned to ministry going north to the remote town of Portree on Skye. This post necessitated him learning Gaelic. The University of Edinburgh awarded him an honorary doctorate (DD) in 1975.
He succeeded Very Rev David Steel as Moderator in 1975 and in turn was succeeded by Very Rev Thomas F. Torrance in 1976. Subsequently, he was titled The Very Rev. Dr. James Gunn Matheson.

## Personal Life

In 1937 he married Janet (Nettie) Clarkson and together they had two daughters and three sons: Peter, Patricia, Lindsay, Ellie and David. He was a great-grandfather.
He latterly live at Totaig on the Isle of Skye. He died at the Royal Infirmary in Edinburgh, after a short illness, on 28 October 2007 aged 95. He was survived by his siblings, Christine, Barbara and Norman, and his five children and their families. His funeral was on 2 November 2007 at Portree Parish Church, and he is buried at Portree Cemetery.

## Publications

* Do You Believe This?
* Saints and Sinners