OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Dmitry Medvedev 2008 presidential campaign

* This article is part of a series aboutDmitry Medvedev
Former Prime Minister of Russia
Former President of Russia
Early life
Political views
Medvedev Doctrine
Elections
2008 (campaign)
Presidency
Constitutional reform
Economic reform
Inauguration
International trips
Police reform
Obama-Medvedev Commission
Premiership
First cabinet
Second cabinet
Media gallery :
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The 2008 presidential campaign of Dmitry Medvedev was the successful campaign of Dmitry Medvedev in the 2008 Russian presidential election.

## Background

Vladimir Putin was constitutionally ineligible to run for a third-consecutive term in 2008. A popular figure in Russia, speculation rested on whom Putin might tap to be his "chosen successor".
In September 2007 Putin dismissed Prime Minister Mikhail Fradkov, who had previously been speculated as a potential successor to him. He then appointed Viktor Zubkov to replace Fradkov as Prime Minister, igniting immediate speculation that Putin was grooming Zubkov to serve as his presidential successor.
On October 1, 2007, Putin announced that he would run for parliament at the head of United Russia's ticket in the 2007 legislative election.

## Campaign

On December 10, 2007, roughly a week after United Russia handily won the legislative election, Putin announced that his hand-picked candidate to succeed him as president would be Deputy Prime Minister Dmitry Medvedev. The following day Medvedev announced that, if elected president, he would nominate Putin to serve as his Prime Minister.
Soon after Putin tapped Medvedev as his chosen successor, the leaders of United Russia, A Just Russia, Civic Force, and the Agrarian Party of Russia all affirmed their support of Medvedev's candidacy.
Medvedev ultimately prevailed in the election facing no strong challenge.
# Stefan Loibl

Stefan Loibl (born 24 June 1996) is a German professional ice hockey player currently playing for Adler Mannheim in the Deutsche Eishockey Liga (DEL) and the German national team.

## Playing career

Loibl played six seasons in the DEL with the Straubing Tigers, before leaving out of contract to sign a three-year deal with Adler Mannheim on 7 August 2020.

## International play

He represented Germany at the 2019 IIHF World Championship.
On 25 January 2022, Loibl was selected to play for Team Germany at the 2022 Winter Olympics.

## Career statistics
### International

| Year | Team | Event | | GP | G | A | Pts | PIM |
| 2014 | Germany | U18 | | 6 | 2 | 2 | 4 | 0 |
| 2016 | Germany | WJC-D1 | | 5 | 1 | 4 | 5 | 2 |
| 2019 | Germany | WC | | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 2021 | Germany | WC | | 10 | 1 | 3 | 4 | 0 |
| 2022 | Germany | OLY | | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 2022 | Germany | WC | | 8 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 0 |
| Junior totals | Junior totals | Junior totals | Junior totals | 11 | 3 | 6 | 9 | 2 |
| Senior totals | Senior totals | Senior totals | Senior totals | 25 | 2 | 5 | 7 | 0 |
# Mufti Ubaid ur Rahman

Mufti Ubaid ur Rahman is a Pakistani politician who had been a member of the Provincial Assembly of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa from August 2018 till January 2023.

## Political career

He was elected to the Provincial Assembly of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa as an independent candidate from Constituency PK-27 (Kolai Palas Kohistan) in 2018 Pakistani general election.
# Nogata, Tokyo

Nogata (野方) is a district of Nakano, Tokyo, Japan.
As of October 2020, the population of this district is 21,573. The postal code for Nogata is 165-0027.

## Geography

Nogata borders Maruyama in the north, Arai and Numabukuro to the east, Nakano and Kōenji to the south, and Yamatochō, Wakamiya, and Saginomiya to the west.

## Education

Nakano City Board of Education (中野区教育委員会) operates public elementary and junior high schools.
Schools in Nogata:
* Kitahara Elementary School (中野区立北原小学校)
The zone for Kitahara Elementary includes 6-chome and parts of 3-5 chome. The zone for Heiwa-no-Mori Elementary School (平和の森小学校) includes parts of 1-2 and 3-chome. The zone for Keimei Elementary School (啓明小学校) includes parts of 1-2 and 5-chome. The zone of Midorino Elementary School (緑野小学校) includes a part of 4-chome.
Areas zoned to Midorino Junior High School (緑野中学校) include all of 3-4 and 6-chome, and parts of 2 and 5-chome. The zone of Nakano Junior High School (中野中学校) includes portions of 1 and 2-chome. The zone for Meiwa Junior High School (明和中学校) includes parts of 1-2 and 5-chome.
# Chuck Lamson

Charles Watt Lamson (March 14, 1939 – November 23, 2015) was a professional American football player who played defensive back for the Minnesota Vikings and Los Angeles Rams of the National Football League (NFL).
# Tokitsukaze stable hazing scandal

The Tokitsukaze stable hazing scandal occurred in Japan on June 26, 2007, when Takashi Saito (斉藤 俊, Saitō Takashi), a seventeen-year-old junior sumo wrestler who fought under the shikona of Tokitaizan Takashi, collapsed and died after a training session at Tokitsukaze stable's lodgings in Inuyama, Aichi Prefecture, Japan. It emerged that he was beaten with a beer bottle and a metal baseball bat at the direction of his trainer. Saito's cause of death had been reported as heart failure, but his father insisted on an autopsy, which revealed the abuse.
Saito's stable master, Jun'ichi Yamamoto, admitted to beating the 17-year-old novice, who had only been in sumo for three months, and ordering other sumo wrestlers to beat him, due to Saito's "vague attitude" towards the sport. It was also reported that Saito had run away from the stable on a number of occasions. Yamamoto was expelled by the Japan Sumo Association. Yamamoto and three wrestlers from the stable were arrested in February 2008 and were charged with manslaughter. In May 2009, Yamamoto was sentenced to six years in prison. The incident brought substantial political pressure to the governance of the sport in Japan. In the wake of the scandal, the Sumo Association sent a survey to all 53 training stables or heya, and more than 90 percent reported that baseball bats or similar equipment were used on their wrestlers, with around a third saying bullying had occurred during training.
Partly as a result of the Saito case, the Diet of Japan drafted a law promoting cause-of-death investigations, which was enacted in 2012. A separate law in 2013 gave discretion to local police chiefs to allow autopsies even in cases where there were apparently few signs of foul play.
# Brook Forest, Colorado

Brook Forest is an unincorporated community and a census-designated place (CDP) located in Jefferson and Clear Creek counties, Colorado, United States. The population was 622 at the 2020 census. The CDP is a part of the Denver–Aurora–Lakewood, CO Metropolitan Statistical Area.

## History

The Brook Forest, Colorado, post office operated from October 11, 1921, until Feb 15, 1949. The Evergreen Post Office (ZIP Code 80439) now serves the area.

## Geography

Brook Forest is located at coordinates 39°34′46″N 105°22′55″W﻿ / ﻿39.5794°N 105.3819°W﻿ / 39.5794; -105.3819﻿ (Brook Forest, Colorado) at an elevation of 8,035 feet (2,449 m).
At the 2020 United States Census, the Brook Forest CDP had an area of 889 acres (3.597 km$^2$), all land.

## Demographics

The United States Census Bureau defined the Brook Forest CDP for the United States Census 2020.
# Camas Meadows Battle Sites

The Camas Meadows Battle Sites, also known as Camas Meadows Camp and Battle Sites, are two sites important to the Battle of Camas Creek, fought August 20, 1877 between members of the Nez Perce tribe and troops of the United States Army. The Nez Perce captured about 150 horses and mules from a campsite of the pursuing army, and for several hours besieged a detachment sent to recover them at a second site. The two sites, each about 40 acres (16 ha) in size, are about 5 miles (8.0 km) apart in Clark County, Idaho. They were designated a National Historic Landmark in 1989, and are now part of Nez Perce National Historical Park, a collection of sites important in Nez Perce history.

## Description

Both sites are located northeast of the town of Dubois, Idaho, off Clark County Road A-2 on the east side of Camas Creek. The Army campsite was located at approximately 44°21′11″N 111°53′06″W﻿ / ﻿44.35306°N 111.88500°W﻿ / 44.35306; -111.88500. Its full extent has not been identified, and is likely to extend beyond the 40 acres in the landmark designation. This area was known as Camas Meadows because the meandering streams provided water for a profusion of camas flowers in the otherwise arid environment. Most of the camp was located in between Camas Creek and Spring Creek, although the tent of General Oliver O. Howard was located on a rise to the east of Spring Creek.
The siege site is located further to the northeast, at about 44°24′45″N 111°47′41″W﻿ / ﻿44.41250°N 111.79472°W﻿ / 44.41250; -111.79472. Its principal features are two low knolls at which the detachment of Captain Randolph Norwood took refuge from the numerically superior Nez Perce. In this area the soldiers dug out several rifle pits, which survive.

## History

Several bands of Nez Perce actively resisted attempts to restrict them to reservation. This refusal, repeated after an ultimatum delivered by General Howard in May 1877, escalated into the Nez Perce War, and the now-celebrated attempt by Chief Joseph to lead a large band of non-reservation Nez Perce to Canada. After suffering defeat at the Battle of Big Hole on August 9–10, the Nez Perce traveled south, hoping to flank Howard's force and reach Canada via a route further east. Howard attempted to cut off this flanking maneuver by beating the Nez Perce to Camas Meadow, but reached that area August 19, one day after the Nez Perce had departed.
Sensing an opportunity, the Nez Perce decided to raid the army camp at Camas Meadow. After traveling half the night, they surprised the camp just before dawn, making off with 200 pack mules and several horses. General Howard sent out three columns of men in pursuit. One of these, a 50-man detachment under Captain Randolph Norwood, advanced well ahead of the other two, and became encircled by Nez Perce, digging rifle pits to escape sniper fire from all sides. After several hours, General Howard's main force arrived, and the Nez Perce retreated. The Army stopped to regroup, and lost the trail of the Indians, whose depleted force was not captured until six weeks later.
# South Devon Alliance

The South Devon Alliance (SDA) was a short-lived minor political party in Teignbridge District, Devon, England.

## History

The South Devon Alliance was founded on 23 March 2021. It had emerged out of the "Newton Says No" group, who campaigned to stop housing development within the area.
In February 2023, two members of Newton Abbot Town Council joined the party.
In the 2023 Teignbridge District Council election, the SDA won 9 seats. One candidate was David Knopfler from Dire Straits who contested Ashburton and Buckfastleigh ward. In a 2024 by-election in the same ward the SDA came in second place.
Liam Mullone was the South Devon Alliance candidate in Newton Abbot constituency in the 2024 United Kingdom general election. He came in 6th place with 4% of the vote.
In November 2024 the party announced it was dissolving as they felt a political party was no longer the best way to represent their interests on Teignbridge District Council.

## Election results

| Election | Seats |
| 2023 Teignbridge District Council election | 9 / 47 |
# William S. Herriman

William S. Herriman (October 24, 1791 – April 6, 1867) was an American businessman, He became President of Long Island Bank, the first bank in Brooklyn, where he remained until his death when he was replaced by William C. Fowler.

## Family background

Herriman was born in 1791 in Jamaica, Queens, New York City as the third of four known surviving children. He had a brother and three sisters. His father was Stephen Herriman (formerly Harriman) III (1757-1792). His mother was Elizabeth Smith (1760-1847). William married Maria Belle Stillwell Frecke/Freeke on December 13, 1820.

## Children

Herriman had five children. His second child, Caroline Herriman Polhemus (died 1906), the wife of Henry Ditmas Polhemus, founded the Polhemus Memorial Clinic, the first "skyscraper hospital", in honour of her late husband, who had served as the Regent of Long Island College Hospital (LICH) from 1872 until his death in 1895, and donated $400,000 to LICH for this work. She also founded the Herriman Home in Monsey, Rockland County.
His third child, William H. Herriman (1829-1918), became a noted art collector and gave a large number of paintings to the Brooklyn Museum on his death.

## Death

William S. Herriman is buried in the Green-Wood Cemetery, Brooklyn, along with fifteen other people named Herriman between 1848 and 1939.
# Edward Moylan

Edward Moylan (September 14, 1923 – May 26, 2015) was an Irish American tennis player in the mid-20th century. Moylan was a member of the U.S. Davis Cup Team, Davis Cup Coach and a gold medal winner at the 1955 Pan American Games with Art Larsen.

## Career

Moylan won the 1956 Cincinnati Open on clay, defeating Alex Olmedo in the quarterfinal, Grant Golden in the semifinal in five sets, and Bernard Bartzen, considered the finest clay court player at the time, in the final in three straight sets. He also won the Eastern Clay Court Championships three times in succession from 1954 to 1956.
Moylan's finest hour was perhaps the 1947 Spring Lake Bathing and Tennis Club singles when he brought to an end the 9-year tenure of Frankie Parker at Spring Lake. After his victory against Parker, Moylan went on to defeat Gardnar Mulloy in the final round of the tournament to win the men's singles.
After his playing career, Moylan taught tennis and was the head tennis and squash coach at Cornell University from 1962 to 1972. He died on May 26, 2015, in Ithaca, New York.
# Henry Newhall

Henry Mayo Newhall (May 13, 1825 – March 13, 1882) was an American businessman whose extensive land holdings became the Southern California communities of Newhall, Saugus and Valencia, and the city of Santa Clarita.

## Life

Born in Saugus, Massachusetts, Henry Newhall came to California, like many others, in search of gold during the California Gold Rush. He had been working as an auctioneer when news of the gold rush reached the East Coast. He left by ship, arriving on the West Coast in 1850. However, he had been forced to stop in the Isthmus of Panama for six months to recover from an illness he contracted. Upon his arrival in San Francisco, many of the good mining sites had already been claimed, so he opened an auction house instead. H.M. Newhall & Company became extremely successful.
Newhall's next business interest was railroads. He invested in rail companies that would connect San Francisco to other cities and became president of the San Francisco and San Jose Rail Road. In 1870, when he and his partners sold the company to Southern Pacific Railroad, he joined its board of directors.
After railroads, Newhall turned his eye to auctioneering, real estate and ranching. He purchased 143,000 acres (579 km$^2$) of Mexican land grants, including Rancho Todos Santos y San Antonio, and Rancho Suey in Santa Barbara County, and Rancho El Piojo and Rancho San Miguelito de Trinidad in Monterey County.
The most significant acquisition was the historic land grant 46,460-acre (188 km$^2$) Rancho San Francisco in the Santa Clarita Valley of northern Los Angeles County, which he purchased for $2/acre. It included portions of the Santa Clara River and the Santa Susana Mountains, the former homeland of the Tataviam Native Americans. The ranch became known as Newhall Ranch after his death. Within this territory, he granted a right-of-way to Southern Pacific Railroad through what is now Newhall Pass, and he also sold them a portion of the land, upon which the company built a town they named after him: Newhall. He named the first station on the line Saugus after his hometown of Saugus, Massachusetts.
Newhall split his time between his ranch in the Santa Clarita Valley and his auction house and residence in San Francisco, but after a bout of food poisoning in 1880, he retired to his ranch. In March 1882, while horseback riding around his property, he was thrown from the horse. Taken back to San Francisco for treatment, he died a few days later on March 13, 1882.
Henry Newhall's heirs incorporated the Newhall Land and Farming Company, which oversaw the construction of Valencia, a master-planned community in the Santa Clarita Valley adjacent to Saugus and Newhall. Henry Mayo Newhall is memorialized by the Henry Mayo Newhall Memorial Hospital, several street names in the area once part of the Newhall Ranch (including Newhall Ranch Road and Newhall Avenue), and the Henry Mayo Newhall Foundation.
# Wright XRJ47

The Wright XRJ47 was an American ramjet engine developed in the 1950s to help propel the rocket-launched SM-64 Navaho supersonic intercontinental cruise missile. Although the design flight Mach Number was 2.75, a peak flight speed of Mach 3.0, at altitudes up to about 77,000 ft, was envisaged. This very large ramjet had a number of design problems, including some difficulty in light-up. Development of the Navaho missile was cancelled along with the ramjet engine in 1957.

## Design

The single cone supersonic intake supplied ram air to a long annular diffuser terminating at the aft-mounted cylindrical combustion chamber. The centreline of the intake system was gently curved, presumably to line up the intake face with the flow-field of the missile nose section.
The combustion chamber flame-holder consisted of a center-body pilot region, with three annular V-gutters interconnected by slanted radial V-gutters. Fuel jets were of variable area design.
A heat-shield, with multiple exit ports, provided cooling air for the jetpipe and the fixed area ratio convergent-divergent propelling nozzle. The exit diameter of the nozzle equaled that of the combustion chamber.

## Specifications (XRJ47-W-5)

Data from Aircraft Engine Characteristics Summary: Ram-jet XRJ47-W-5, Preliminary evaluation of flight-weight XRJ47-W-5 ram-jet engine at a Mach number of 2.75

#### General characteristics

* Type: Ramjet
* Length: 390 in (9,900 mm) combustion chamber plus ducting and diffuser
* Diameter: 48 in (1,200 mm) (combustion chamber)
* Intake lip area: 636 sq in (4,100 cm$^2$)
* Combustion chamber area: 1,810 sq in (11,700 cm$^2$)
* Nozzle throat geometric area: 1,182 sq in (7,630 cm$^2$)
* Nozzle exit geometric area: 1,810 sq in (11,700 cm$^2$)
* Dry weight: 1,011 lb (459 kg)

#### Components

* Compressor: Ramjet inlet/diffuser
* Combustors: approx 1,887 K (2,937 °F; 1,614 °C)
* Combustion efficiency: 83.3%
* Burn time: 6500 s
* Fuel type: JP-5 (F-44 / AVCAT)

#### Performance

* Maximum thrust: 3,792 lbf (16.87 kN)
* Air mass flow: 59.8 lb/s (27.1 kg/s)
* Fuel consumption: 10,548 lb/h (4,784 kg/h)
* Specific fuel consumption: 2.782 lb/lbf/h (283.7 kg/kN/h)
* Thrust-to-weight ratio: 3.75
# Ritchie Hanlon

Richard Kenneth Hanlon (born 26 May 1978) is an English former footballer who played as a midfielder. He is currently assistant manager of Hayes & Yeading United.
He played in the Football League with Southend United, Peterborough United, Rushden & Diamonds and Lincoln City. Hanlon also played non-League football with Welling United, Stevenage Borough, Weymouth and Cambridge United. He was forced to retire aged 28 with a knee injury.
Hanlon had a stint in 2007 managing St Albans City in the Conference South. He also had a couple of seasons managing his sons Abbots Langley Youth U7's-U8's. In July 2012, he was appointed as joint manager alongside Paul Hughes at Kings Langley in the Spartan South Midlands Football League Division One.

## Playing career

Hanlon made his debut for Southend United in the First Division on 18 January 1997, away to Sheffield United in the 3–0 defeat. After just two League appearances for Southend, he then dropped down into the Conference National with Welling United in 1997. In 1998, Hanlon joined Rushden & Diamonds and then Peterborough United in December. He made his debut for Peterborough in the 3–1 home win against Scarborough in Division Three, replacing Matthew Etherington as a substitute in the 87th minute. Whilst on the books with Peterborough, Hanlon had two spells on loan with non-League club Welling United. He then joined Rushden & Diamonds in 2001, where he made 62 appearances scoring seven goals in three-years. Hanlon joined Stevenage Borough in June 2004 along with Dannie Bulman from Wycombe Wanderers. He played 18 games in the Conference National for Stevenage, scoring twice. In December 2004, Lincoln City signed Hanlon on a one-month loan deal, after being transfer listed by Stevenage manager, Graham Westley. His move was made permanent days later. After his time at Lincoln, he moved to Conference South club Weymouth where he made four appearances before joining Cambridge United in September 2005. Hanlon made 37 appearances, scoring three goals for Cambridge in two seasons in the Conference National. He was forced to retire in January 2007 due to a persistent knee injury.

## Managerial career

At age 29, Hanlon was appointed manager of Conference South outfit St Albans City in May 2007, but lasted only ten games before being released in September. In July 2012, he was appointed as joint manager of Kings Langley of the Spartan South Midlands League Division One, alongside Paul Hughes, helping the club to three consecutive promotions - reaching the Southern League Premier Division in 2016.
In November 2016, Hanlon moved with Hughes to Hayes & Yeading. He departed for personal reasons soon after, leaving Hughes in sole charge.
In May 2023, following Hughes' resignation as manager, Hanlon was appointed manager of Hayes & Yeading United. In October, he stepped down as manager to become assistant to Mark Molesley.
# Howmeh Rural District (Khodabandeh County)

Howmeh Rural District (Persian: دهستان حومه) is in Do Tappeh District of Khodabandeh County, Zanjan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Aqcheh Qaya. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Do Tappeh-ye Sofla.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the rural district's population (as a part of the Central District) was 19,186 in 4,073 households. There were 19,592 inhabitants in 5,364 households at the following census of 2011. The 2016 census measured the population of the rural district as 18,005 in 5,256 households. The most populous of its 25 villages was Do Tappeh-ye Sofla with 4,094 people.
In 2020, the rural district was separated from the district in the formation of Do Tappeh District.