OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Alexander Montagu, 13th Duke of Manchester

Alexander Charles David Drogo Montagu, 13th Duke of Manchester (born 11 December 1962), is an Australian-born British hereditary peer, inheriting the dukedom of Manchester from his father in 2002. He is a British and Australian citizen and has lived in the United States since 1986. He has been convicted of fraud, burglary, and other offences and has served several prison sentences in Australia and the United States.

## Biography

The 13th Duke is the son of Angus Montagu, 12th Duke of Manchester, and his first wife, newspaper columnist Mary Eveleen, daughter of Walter Gillespie McClure, of Geelong, Victoria, Australia.
In Australia in 1984, Montagu married firstly Marion Stoner, an Australian model who was 11 years older than he. The relationship lasted two months; Stoner left after accusing Montagu of firing a speargun at her. In 1985, Montagu was sentenced to three years in prison after being convicted of 22 charges of fraud. In 1991, he was arrested again in Brisbane after he sold a car he had rented.
After emigrating to the United States in 1986, he married secondly in California in May 1993 Wendy Dawn Buford, daughter of a construction salesman. They had a son, Alexander Michael Charles David Francis George Edward William Kimble Drogo Montagu, born in 1993. Montagu did not obtain a divorce from his first wife until 1996, three years after his second marriage. Buford bore Montagu a second child, Ashley Faith Maxine Nell Montagu, in 1999. Montagu and Buford separated after 15 years and were divorced in 2006.
Manchester, as he was styled by now, then married a third time on 21 September 2007. His third wife was an American real estate agent named Laura Ann Smith, and the marriage was without issue. In 2009, the duke reportedly then revealed that his marriage to Buford in 1993 had been invalid, as he had still been married to his first wife in Australia. On these grounds, he stopped making child support payments and the family trust cut off funds to his children. Buford successfully sued on behalf of their two children. In 2011, High Court Justice Christopher Floyd ruled that the two children, even though they were born when their parents were not lawfully married, were entitled to trust funds, as "(Buford) reasonably believed the marriage was valid". Under the Legitimacy Act 1959, the children of void marriages can benefit from family trusts if, "at the time of the act of intercourse resulting in the birth" or at time of the wedding, either party "reasonably believed" that the marriage was indeed valid.
In 2013, the duke was charged again with fraud in Las Vegas for reportedly knowingly passing a $3,575 check in 2011 without "funds, property or credit" to back up the check. He pleaded no contest to the charge and received a 90-day suspended sentence and six months to repay the debt. After he failed to repay the debt and failed to appear in court, a bench warrant was issued for his arrest in June 2014. In 2016, he was accused of burglary and making a false police report. He was sentenced to five years in prison in 2017, which he served in High Desert State Prison.
# Valérie Rouzeau

Valérie Rouzeau (born 22 August 1967, in Cosne-sur-Loire), is a French poet and translator.
She is the eldest of a family of seven children. She holds a Master of literary translation. She received the Prix Guillaume Apollinaire for Poetry in 2012 for the collection Vrouz. She currently lives in Nevers (Nièvre).
Some of her works have been translated into English by Susan Wicks which have won awards including the 2010 Scott Moncrieff Prize for Pas Revoir (Cold Spring in Winter), and the 2014 Oxford-Weidenfeld Translation Prize for Vrouz (Talking Vrouz).
# Tribasodites setosiventris

Tribasodites setosiventris is a species of beetles first found in Guizhou, China.
# Peltier

Peltier is a French surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Autumn Peltier (born 2004), climate activist
* Edo Peltier, birth name of Mexican drag queen Margaret Y Ya
* Fanny Peltier (born 1997), French sprinter
* Harvey Peltier, Jr. (1923–1980), American politician
* Harvey Peltier, Sr. (1899–1977), American politician
* Jean Charles Athanase Peltier (1785–1845), French physicist, documented the Peltier effect
* Lee Peltier (born 1986), English football player
* Leonard Peltier (born 1944), Native American activist who was convicted of the murder of two FBI Agents
* Leslie Peltier (1900–1980), American astronomer
* Marie Peltier (born 1980), Belgian author
* Thérèse Peltier (1873–1926), French sculptor and aviator
* William Richard Peltier (born 1943), University of Toronto professor and physicist
# HD 203949

HD 203949 is a K-type giant star 257 light-years away in the constellation of Microscopium. Its surface temperature is 4618±113 K. It is either on the red giant branch fusing hydrogen in a shell around a helium core, or more likely a red clump star currently fusing helium in its core. HD 203949 is enriched in heavy elements relative to the Sun, with a metallicity ([Fe/H]) of 0.17±0.07 dex. As is common for red giants, HD 203949 has an enhanced concentration of sodium and aluminium compared to iron.
Multiplicity surveys did not find any stellar companions around HD 203949 as of 2019.

## Planetary system

In 2014, one planet orbiting HD 203949 was discovered by the radial velocity method. The planet is highly unlikely to have survived the red giant stage of stellar evolution on the present orbit. It is likely to be recently scattered from a wider orbit.
The planetary system configuration is favourable for direct imaging of exoplanets in the near future, and was included in the top ten easiest targets known by 2018.
The HD 203949 planetary system :
| Companion (in order from star) | Mass | Semimajor axis (AU) | Orbital period (days) | Eccentricity | Inclination | Radius |
| HIP 105854b | >8.2±0.2 M$_J$ | 0.81±0.03 | 184.2±0.5 | 0.02±0.03 | — | — |
* ↑ Planetary minimal mass must be revised down by 30% according to Campante et al.
# Biomarker (disambiguation)

Biomarker broadly refers to a measurable indicator of some biological state or condition.
Biomarker or biomarkers may refer more specifically to:
* Biomarker (aging), molecular indicator of biological age
* Biomarker (medicine), a measurable indicator of the severity or presence of some disease state
** Biomarker (Alzheimer's), indicator of Alzheimer's disease
** Biomarker (cancer), indicator of cancer
*** Tumor biomarker, a molecule secreted by a tumor
** Biomarker (diabetes), indicator of diabetes mellitus
** Imaging biomarker, an attribute in a medical image or scan indicative of a condition or disease
* Biomarker (toxicology), indicator of exposure to a chemical
* Biomarkers (journal), a peer-reviewed academic journal of biomarker research
* Biosignature, or biomarker, a fossil organic molecule that provides evidence of past or present life
# Topçam Dam (Ordu)

Topçam Dam (Ordu) is a dam in Ordu Province, Turkey, built between 1998 and 2009. The development was backed by the Turkish State Hydraulic Works.
# Oncideres amo

Oncideres amo is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Galileo and Martins in 2008. It is known from Bolivia.
# ObjectRocket

ObjectRocket is a cloud database (DBaaS) company based in Austin, Texas, USA, specializing in NoSQL datastores including MongoDB, Elasticsearch, Redis. ObjectRocket has "designed and managed systems that power some of the busiest sites on the web, and played key founding development roles at companies like Shutterfly, PayPal, eBay and AOL". In 2013, it was acquired by Rackspace.
# Park Avenue (Manhasset, New York)

Park Avenue is a road in Manhasset and Munsey Park in the Town of North Hempstead, in Nassau County, on Long Island, in New York, United States. It serves as a through street between Plandome Road and Port Washington Boulevard (NY 101).

## Description

Park Avenue runs east-west through the hamlet of Manhasset and the Village of Munsey Park; it serves as the main west-east route through the Manhasset Park subdivision of Manhasset and of the Village of Munsey Park. Its western terminus is at Plandome Road across from the Manhasset Long Island Rail Road station, and its eastern terminus is at a dead-end towards the southeastern corner of Munsey Park.
The first section to be built was the portion in the Manhasset Park subdivision of the hamlet of Manhasset, which was platted out ca. 1912. During this time, Park Avenue ended at Locust Place (now Munsey Place).
When the Metropolitan Museum of Art had Munsey Park developed in the 1920s, Park Avenue was extended through the new development to Northern Boulevard (NY 25A) and Port Washington Boulevard (NY 101) at the southeastern corner of the village. It was planned to be one of the only through streets within the village so as to keep the character of the new community residential. The original landscaping along Park Avenue through Munsey Park, which was (and still is) tree-lined, was designed by the Olmsted Brothers.
When the short-lived Munsey Park Golf Club was operating in the easternmost parts of Munsey Park between 1932 and 1937, Park Avenue traversed it.
The portion of Park Avenue located within the unincorporated hamlet of Manhasset is owned and maintained by the Town of North Hempstead. The part of the road located within the Incorporated Village of Munsey Park is owned and maintained by Munsey Park.

### Former segments

Originally, Park Avenue branched at its southeast end, with one branch leading to Port Washington Boulevard (NY 101) and the other leading to Northern Boulevard (NY 25A). These connections were eventually severed, causing the road to dead-end just southeast of Park Avenue North; the area was redeveloped as a shopping center.

## Park Avenue North

Park Avenue North is a northeastern spur of Park Avenue, running between Park Avenue and Port Washington Boulevard (NY 101) to the northeast. It is often considered to be part of Park Avenue, as apparent on official Maps.
Park Avenue North is maintained by the Village of Munsey Park.
# Trechus gusevi

Trechus gusevi is a species of ground beetle in the subfamily Trechinae. It was described by Belousov in 1990.
# Stout House (Petoskey, Michigan)

The Stout House is a private house located at 606 Grove Street in Petoskey, Michigan. It was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1986.
The Stout House is a two-story frame Colonial Revival structure. It has an L-shaped plan, with the short, gable-roofed section of the L facing the front. A single story wing projects to the rear. A single story hipped roof porch with Doric columns fills the angle between the legs of the L. The windows are one-over-one double hung units.
The Stout family lived in this house until some time after 1903, along with their boarder, Anna Vaughn. By 1917, Joseph Jordan, a carpenter. owned the house, with Anna Vaughn continuing as a boarder. By 1928, John L. Smith owned the house.
# Niobium nitride

Niobium nitride is a compound of niobium and nitrogen (nitride) with the chemical formula NbN. At low temperatures (about 16 K) NbN becomes a superconductor, and is used in detectors for infrared light.

## Uses

* Niobium nitride's main use is as a superconductor.
** Detectors based on it can detect a single photon in the 1-10 micrometer section of the infrared spectrum, which is important for astronomy and telecommunications. It can detect changes up to 25 gigahertz.
** Superconducting NbN nanowires can be used in particle detectors with high magnetic fields.
* Niobium nitride is also used in absorbing anti-reflective coatings.
* In 2015, it was reported that Panasonic Corp. has developed a photocatalyst based on niobium nitride that can absorb 57% of sunlight to support the decomposition of water to produce hydrogen gas as fuel for electrochemical fuel cells.
# Whitefriars, 333 High Street, Lincoln

Whitefriar or Akrill's Court is a 16th century timber-framed building in Lincoln. It now has a late 20th century shop front, but the timber-framed building survives with the southern front facing the narrow Akrill’s passage, on the east side of the High Street and just to the south of the railway crossing.

## History

Surprisingly little is known about this building. The name Akrill refers to a baker who owned the property in the early part of the 19th century. Padley, who made scaled drawings of the buildings in 1851, said that traditionally it was thought to be part of the White or Carmelite Friary in Lincoln. Adjacent to it at the east end was a small stone building with a Norman arch. As the Carmelite friary has now been shown by archaeological excavation to have been under St Mark's Station, on the opposite side of the High Street, it is unlikely that the building was associated with the friary. It has been alternatively suggested that the Whitefriars was the half-timbered vicarage of St Mary le Wigford church, but there is documentary evidence that in 1563 it was owned by Arthur Hall, an important Grantham merchant – this appears to be the same Arthur Hall who was the MP for Grantham. The building may have been a speculative commercial venture, attracting superior tenants who would sell from the ground floor chamber and live with their family on the first floor. Restoration work was undertaken to the building in 1963.

## Description

Originally a house dating from the 15th century. The facade faces to the south in a narrow alley-way and the building is at a right angle to the High Street. It has a close studded timber frame of four bays with rendered nogging and a plain tile roof. The first floor is jettied and is coved (curved) outwards with eaves above. South side has moulded uprights. Above, two square wooden oriels on moulded brackets and a 4-light window with wooden mullions and gothic tracery The interior has stud walls with jowled bay posts, two of them with arch braces, and arch braces to the spine beams. Principal rafter roof with collars and spine beam. Two stud walls without nogging.

## Literature

* Antram N (revised), Pevsner N & Harris J, (1989), The Buildings of England: Lincolnshire, Yale University Press. pg 525.
* Padley J.S. (1851) Selections from the ancient monastic ecclesiastical and domestic edifices of Lincolnshire, Lincoln
* Stocker D. (ed) (2016), Vernacular Architecture Group, Spring Conference 2016: Lincolnshire, March 29th to April 1st 2016, Society for Lincolnshire History and Archaeology.
# Wallelign Mekonnen

Wallelign Mekonnen Kassa (Amharic: ዋለልኝ መኮንን ካሣ; 22 March 1945 – 10 December 1972) was an Ethiopian Marxist student activist and militant active in the Ethiopian Student Movement from the mid-1960s until his death in 1972. Wallelign was the author of the highly influential but contentious article On the Question of Nationalities in Ethiopia published in 1969.

## Early life

Wallelign was born in Sayint, South Wollo, and was the son of a merchant. He graduated from Woizero Sehin Secondary School in Dessie.

## Student leader

Wallelign enrolled at the then Haile Selassie I University as a Political Science student. Wallelign soon became involved in the radical student groups that were proliferating at the university. Due to his student activism he was arrested and sentenced to five years imprisonment in April 1969, but was pardoned by Emperor Haile Selassie shortly afterwards.

## On the Question of Nationalities in Ethiopia

Wallelign’s most famous article On the Question of Nationalities in Ethiopia was published in the student movement’s journal Struggle in November 1969. In this article Wallelign tried to analyze 'national oppression' in Imperial Ethiopia and argued that as Ethiopia was not one nation, but rather a collection of different nations and nationalities, whose struggle for self-determination should be supported by the student movement as long as they are committed to socialism. This was a highly contentious area that divided the student movement at the time, but Wallelign’s views eventually came to dominate the student movement as well as the political parties that it spawned.
As a result of the publication a police harassment and media campaign was unleashed against the student movement and Struggle's publication was suspended. The following month, Tilahun Gizaw, president of the University Students' Union of Addis Ababa, was assassinated by what is presumed to be agents of the state.
Wallelign was arrested again in December 1969 and imprisoned until May 1971.

## Death and legacy

After his release Wallelign worked in the Ministry of Ground Transportation and remained active in the radical movement. On 10 December 1972, Wallelign and six fellow activists attempted to hijack an Ethiopian Airlines flight leaving Addis Ababa for Europe. Following a string of hijackings carried out by Eritrean and Ethiopian activists in the late 1960s and early 1970s however, Ethiopian security officers had been placed on such flights, and a shoot-out ensued that took the lives of five of the hijackers including Wallelign. He was buried in Dessie.
At the end of the Ethiopian Civil War the rebel Ethiopian People’s Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF) named its Wollo offensive Operation Wallelign in honour of the fallen activist. Wallelign's views are embedded in the current Constitution of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia which recognizes the unconditional right of "every Nation, Nationality and People in Ethiopia... to self-determination, including the right to secession". The ongoing debate on this constitution bears witness of how controversial his views remain.
# Topağaç, Refahiye

Topağaç, formerly Silir, is a village in the Refahiye District of Erzincan Province in Turkey. The village is populated by Turks and had a population of 71 in 2022.
# Opah, Texas

Opah is a ghost town located in Red River County, Texas, United States. The town was situated on the Red River, north of Clarksville. Founded sometime in the 19th century, the town caved into the river in 1910.
# Alpha-factor-transporting ATPase

In enzymology, an alpha-factor-transporting ATPase (EC 3.6.3.48) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
    ATP + H$_2$O + alpha-factorin $\rightleftharpoons$ ADP + phosphate + alpha-factorout
The 3 substrates of this enzyme are ATP, H$_2$O, and alpha-factor, whereas its 3 products are ADP, phosphate, and alpha-factor.
This enzyme belongs to the family of hydrolases, specifically those acting on acid anhydrides to catalyse transmembrane movement of substances. The systematic name of this enzyme class is ATP phosphohydrolase (alpha-factor-transporting).
# Hagushi

Hagushi bay is located in Yomitan, Okinawa. The bay is at the mouth of Hija River. The north side of the mouth of the river has a public beach called Toguchi Beach.

## World War II

Hagushi bay was the primary unloading point for American supplies during the invasion of Okinawa during World War II. The bay, at the mouth of the Bishi River (now called Hija River), was the dividing line between the First and Sixth US Marine divisions, which landed on the Hagushi beaches to the north, and the Seventh and Ninety-sixth Infantry Divisions of the US Army which landed south of the river's mouth. In the seven-day campaign of aerial and naval bombardment which preceded the 1 April 1945 landings, Japanese beach defenses and shipping at the Bishi River's mouth were heavily bombarded, and US Navy frogmen swept the Hagushi beaches of thousands of landmines and nearly 3000 wooden posts. The beach landings were unopposed by the Imperial Japanese Army aside from scattered artillery and sniper fire, and by nightfall on 1 April 1945, 60,000 American troops were ashore.
# Parachromis managuensis

Parachromis managuensis is a large species of cichlid native to freshwater habitats in Central America, where it is found from Honduras to Costa Rica. The binomial name refers to Lake Managua in Nicaragua, from which the holotype was obtained. It is a food fish and is also found in the aquarium trade where it is variously known as the jaguar cichlid, managuense cichlid, managua cichlid, guapote tigre, Aztec cichlid, spotted guapote and jaguar guapote. In Costa Rica, it is known as the guapote tigre.

## Description

P. managuensis is a robust fish with a silvery or golden-green to purple colour, with a darker moss green shade at the dorsum. The sides show a purple iridescence and the belly is whitish or yellowish. A series of several large black dots then run horizontally along the lateral line area. The fins are often a dark to black coloration, especially when in spawning coloration. The most distinguished feature is a black stripe than run from the eye to the opercular margin. Males grow to a total length of 65 centimetres (26 in) and females to 40 centimetres (16 in). The female also lacks the elongated extensions to the dorsal fins.

## Ecology

P. managuensis inhabits lakes and prefers turbid waters with mud bottoms and is tolerant to eutrophic and hypoxic conditions. It is a carnivorous, highly predatory species. Adults feed mainly on small fish, while juveniles rely on a variety of macroinvertebrates. It prefers turbid, eutrophic lakes, often found in warm water depleted of oxygen. Its native substrate is mud-bottoms, but it can also be found in ponds and springs with sandy bottoms covered in plant debris. The species inhabits lakes in a tropical climate and prefers water with a 7.0–8.7 pH, a water hardness of 10–15 dGH, and a temperature range of 25 to 36 °C (77 to 97 °F).

## Distribution

The natural distribution of P. managuensis goes from the Ulúa River in Honduras to Matina River basin in Costa Rica. However, it has been introduced in other countries in Central America, as well as in the United States, as a food source, for aquarism and to control fish populations.

### Conservation status

This species has been assessed by the IUCN Red List as least-concern species. It occurs in the Maquenque National Wildlife Refuge.
# Ana López-Puigcerver

Ana López-Puigcerver is a Spanish make-up artist. She was nominated for an Academy Award in the category Best Makeup and Hairstyling for the film Society of the Snow.

## Selected filmography

* The Titan (2018)
* The Laws of Thermodynamics (2018)
* Life Itself (2018)
* While at War (2019)
* Seventeen (2019)
* The Grandmother (2021)
* Society of the Snow (2023)
# Pedro Pascual Farfán

Pedro Pascual Francisco Farfán de los Godos was a Peruvian Roman Catholic prelate who served as the 28th Archbishop of Lima from 1933 to his death in 1945. Additionally, he also served as Bishop of Cuzco from 1918 to 1933.

## Biography

Farfán was born on September 23, 1870, in the city of Cuzco, the son of parents Máximo Farfán de los Godos and Antonia Pascual. He studied at Saint Anthony the Abbot Seminary, where he started his religious career in 1886, teaching from 1890 onwards. He received his orders on December 29, 1893, serving as priest in the Church of Bethelehem [es]. In 1896, he became vicerector of his alma mater and canon of the Diocesan Cabildo of Cuzco. During this period, he wrote his works Glorias del Seminario, Vida de la Santísima Virgen María and Vida de Juan Rodríguez de Rivera.
In 1907, he became Bishop of Huaraz, being consecrated at Santo Domingo Church in Lima on December 15 of the same year. He thoroughly visited the territory under his jurisdiction until he was sent to Cuzco in 1918, where he actively served as bishop of the city until 1933. During his tenure, he was invited to a dinner by then president José Pardo y Barreda.
In 1943, he received the titles of Primate of Peru and that of General Military Vicar, dying on November 17, 1945. Prior to his death, he was also given the honorary title of "Grand Chancellor of the Pontifical Catholic University of Peru."