OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Metanoia (psychology)

Metanoia (from the Greek μετάνοια, metanoia, "changing one's mind") has been used in psychology since at least the time of American philosopher/psychologist William James to describe a process of fundamental change in the human personality.
The term derives from the Ancient Greek words μετά (metá) (meaning "beyond" or "after") and νόος (noeō) (meaning "perception" or "understanding" or "mind"), and takes on different meanings in different contexts.

## Developments

William James used the term metanoia to refer to a fundamental and stable change in an individual's life-orientation. Carl Gustav Jung developed the usage to indicate a spontaneous attempt of the psyche to heal itself of unbearable conflict by melting down and then being reborn in a more adaptive form – a form of self healing often associated with the mid-life crisis and psychotic breakdown, which can be viewed as a potentially productive process. Jung considered that psychotic episodes in particular could be understood as an existential crisis which might be an attempt at self-reparation: in such instances metanoia could represent a shift in the balance of the personality away from the persona towards the shadow and the self.
Jung's concept of metanoia was an influence on R.D. Laing and his emphasis on the dissolution and replacement of everyday ego consciousness. Laing's colleague, David Cooper, considered that "metanoia means change from the depths of oneself upwards into the superficies of one's social appearance" – a process that in the second of its three stages "generates the 'signs' of depression and mourning". Similarly influenced was the therapeutic community movement. Ideally, it aimed to support people whilst they broke down and went through spontaneous healing, rather than thwarting such efforts at self-repair by strengthening a person's existing character defences and thereby maintaining the underlying conflict.
The Dutch psychiatrist Jan Foudraine wrote extensively about it, tracing its history through the work of Jung and Laing, and eventually considering it “a permanent change in gestalt.” He cites an example where one sees a black vase, then one blinks, and instead one sees two white faces in profile opposite each other (the Rubin vase).
In transactional analysis, metanoia is used to describe the experience of abandoning an old scripted self or false self for a more open one: a process which may be marked by a mixture of intensity, despair, self-surrender, and an encounter with the inner void.
# Senator Connors

Senator Connors may refer to:
* Albert J. Connors (1891–1948), Wisconsin State Senate
* Christopher J. Connors (born 1956), New Jersey State Senate
* Leonard T. Connors (1929–2016), New Jersey State Senate
* William J. Connors (1891–1961), Illinois State Senate
# Michael Wenger

Dairyu Michael Wenger is a Sōtō Zen priest and current guiding teacher of Dragons Leap Meditation Center in San Francisco. Prior to establishing Dragons Leap in 2012, Wenger served as Dean of Buddhist Studies at the San Francisco Zen Center (SFZC) in San Francisco, California—where he has been a member since 1972. A Dharma heir of Sojun Mel Weitsman, Wenger is also a former president of the SFZC where he continues to serve on the Elders Council. He received his M.A. from The New School in New York, New York.
# Alfréd Justitz

Alfréd Justitz (19 July 1879 in Nová Cerekev – 9 February 1934 in Bratislava) was a Czech Modernist painter and illustrator.

## Biography

He was one of three sons born into a Jewish family; their father was a doctor and their mother a homemaker. His first contact with art came in Jihlava, where he met the aspiring painter, Roman Havelka, who was two years his senior.
As a result, Justitz decided to pursue a creative career and began by studying architecture at the Czech Technical University in Prague with Professor Jan Kotěra. He transferred to the Academy of Fine Arts, where he studied with Maximilian Pirner and Franz Thiele. After that, he worked with Ludwig Schmid-Reutte in Karlsruhe and Wilhelm Trübner in Berlin.
In 1910, he visited Paris, where he was influenced by the works of Paul Cézanne and Honoré Daumier. From 1918 to 1924, he exhibited with "Tvrdošíjní", a group of mostly young, modern artists. Later, he would create posters for galleries and stores. In 1927, he produced illustrations for the Czech edition of Notre-Dame de Paris by Victor Hugo. The following year, he joined the Mánes Union of Fine Arts.
In addition to painting, Justitz loved dogs and was an enthusiastic promoter and breeder of boxers. He became a trustee of the "ČeskoMoravská Kynologická Unie" (a kennel club), where he was put in charge of maintaining the breeding records. He was also an active Freemason of the lodge "Sibi et Posteris" in Prague.
He died at a hospital in Bratislava, after a long illness. His ashes were returned to his hometown and placed in an urn at the Jewish cemetery. The Masonic Lodge provided support for his widow Anna, but she never recovered from his death. She committed suicide by poisoning not long after the German Occupation in 1939, when the threat of the Nazis to Jews was obvious.

## Selected paintings

* Portrait of a Child
* The Good Samaritan
* The Pink House
* Bathsheba
# Montoro Inferiore

Montoro Inferiore is a former comune (municipality) in the province of Avellino, Campania, Italy.
Following a referendum, the municipality was officially disestablished on 3 December 2013; after being merged, with Montoro Superiore, in the new municipality of Montoro.
# Hop-On Hop-Off

* Open top bus – Bus, usually a double-decker bus, without a roof
** City Sightseeing operates a service by this name in many cities
* Tour bus service – Sightseeing bus service for tourists
* Transit pass – Transit ticket for multiple trips
** Rail pass – Transit ticket for multiple trips by rail
# Werse

The Werse [German pronunciation:] (river no. 32) is a 67-kilometre-long (42 mi), left-hand tributary of the River Ems in Münsterland, North Rhine-Westphalia in Germany. The catchment area of the Werse is 762.47 km². Its name may be derived from a pre-Indo-European language, Vasconic, from which the Basque language developed. Its water quality is Class II-III and, in places, Class II. Contamination from communal sewage farms, fish ponds, but especially diffuse contamination from agriculture pollutes the mass balance of the Werse and leads to eutrophication along the entire river course, especially in the retention basin areas.

## Course

The Werse rises in the Beckum Hills near Beckum from three headstreams: the Lippbach, Kollenbach and Siechenbach. The name Werse is used from the Osttor and above the Kollenbach. From Beckum the Werse flows westwards. Shortly before Ahlen it turns northwest and, near Drensteinfurt, then via Albersloh it flows northwards. Near Münster-Gelmer near the Haskenau it finally discharges into the Ems. The river is regulated by several overflow weirs.

## Fauna

The Werse is a popular destination for anglers because of its rich fish stock. Perch, Pike, Catfish, Pikeperch and white fish species such as Carp, Tench, Bream occur here. Moreover, rare animals like the Kingfisher and Grass Snake may also be observed along the river.

## Sport and tourism

The Werse is the home river of the Alberslohe Canoe Club (Albersloher Kanu Club 1989), canoe section of TG Münster, the Münster Canoe Club 1923 (Paddelsport Münster von 1923) and Münster Canoe Club 1922 ( Kanuverein Münster 1922) There are also many boat houses belonging to Studentenverbindungen on the river. Especially in summer the river is heavily used by commercial boat hire organisations..
In April 2007 the Werse Cycleway (Werseradweg) was opened. It starts in Rheda-Wiedenbrück and runs along the Werse and its surrounding countryside for 122 km. The cycleway ends near the confluence with the Ems near Münster-Gelmer.

## Stadium

* The Werse is widely known because a football stadium, the Wersestadion, is named after it. The stadium is the home of the Rot Weiss Ahlen football club which plays in the German 3rd Division.

## Tributaries

* Rüenkolk
* Rattbach
* Stelterbach
* Elkerbach
* Olfe
* Kälberbach (Werse)
* Erlebach
* Suerbach
* Umlaufbach
* Flaggenbach
* Ahrenhorster Bach
* Westerbach (Werse)
* Emmerbach
* Angel
* Honebach
* Kreuzbach (Werse)

## Mills

* Werse Mill
* Verings Mill
* Pleister Mill (Pleistermühle)
* Sud Mill (Sudmühle)
* Havichhorst Mill

## Navigation

A small steamer plied the section of river between the Sud and Pleister mills in the 19th century during the summer months several times a day.
# Nicholas Fessenden

Nicholas Fessenden (November 23, 1847 – December 18, 1927) was a US attorney and politician who served from 1891 to 1896 as Secretary of State of Maine.

## Life

Nicholas Fessenden was born in Saco, Maine, the son of Hewett Chandler Fessenden (1819–1885) and Mary Turner Peterson (1820–1912). He came from an influential family. His uncle was member of Congress and Senator William P. Fessenden.
Fessenden studied at Bowdoin College and graduated from there in 1868. He interned at the law firm of John H. French and was admitted as a lawyer in 1868. He was a judge for several years at the Aroostook County court.
As a member of the Republican Party, he was from 1891 to 1896 Secretary of State of Maine. Fessenden served in Fort Fairfield for several years as "Selectmen and overseers of poor", and also as town clerk.
Fessenden was a Freemason and belonged to the Odd Fellows
He married Laura Emily Sterling (1852–1935). The couple had two sons. Stirling Fessenden who was also a lawyer and later chairman of the Shanghai Municipal Council and Reverend Thomas Whittemore Fessenden.
Nicholas Fessenden died on December 18, 1927, in Fort Fairfield, Maine, and was buried there.
# Turbonilla laevicostata

Turbonilla laevicostata is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Pyramidellidae, the pyrams and their allies.
# Cato (given name)

Cato is the given name of:
* Cato Alexander (1780–1858), American emancipated slave and bar owner, considered by some to be "America's first celebrity bartender"
* Cato Erstad (born 1964), Norwegian footballer
* Cato Maximilian Guldberg (1836–1902), Norwegian mathematician and chemist
* Cato Guhnfeldt (born 1951), Norwegian journalist and non-fiction writer
* Cato Hansen (born 1988), Norwegian footballer
* Cato André Hansen (born 1972), Norwegian football coach and former player
* Cato (spy), Cato Howe, a slave who was an American Patriot spy and courier during the American Revolutionary War
* Cato June (born 1979), American former National Football League player
* Cato T. Laurencin (born 1959), American engineer, physician, scientist, innovator and professor
* Cato Nordbeck, Norwegian former professional racing cyclist, winner of the Norwegian National Road Race Championship in 1965
* Cato Perkins (died 1805), African-American slave who became a missionary to Sierra Leone
* Cato Schiøtz (born 1948), Norwegian barrister and former judge
* Cato Sells (1859–1948), American politician, lawyer and commissioner at the Bureau of Indian Affairs from 1913 to 1921
* Cato Sundberg (born 1981), Norwegian singer, guitarist and songwriter
* Cato Wadel (1936−2011), Norwegian social anthropologist
* Cato West, American military officer and politician, Secretary of the Mississippi Territory and acting territorial governor of Mississippi in 1804 and 1805
# Mount Cobetas

Mount Cobetas (Spanish: Monte Cobetas; Basque: Kobeta Mendi) is a hill in the city of Bilbao, Spain. It is located southwest from the city center and stands 205 m (673 ft) high. It raises between the neighborhoods of Altamira and Zorroza, both located in the district Basurto-Zorroza. It was refurbished in 2005 and became the largest park of the city, with an area of 18.5 ha (46 acres). On the top stands the ruins of the Altamira Fort, used during the Spanish Civil War.
It is known locally as the location of the open air music festival Bilbao BBK Live, that takes place during the first weekend of July.
43°15′30″N 2°57′50″W﻿ / ﻿43.25833°N 2.96389°W﻿ / 43.25833; -2.96389
* This article about a location in the Basque Country, Spain, is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Senator Constantine

Senator Constantine may refer to:
* Dow Constantine (born 1961), Washington State Senate
* Lee Constantine (born 1952), Florida State Senate
# San Lazaro Leisure Park

The San Lazaro Leisure Park, officially known as the San Lazaro Leisure and Business Park, is a mixed-used venue which features a racetrack in Carmona, Cavite, Philippines. It is the home of the Manila Jockey Club.
The leisure park occupies a land 77 hectares (770,000 m$^2$) and houses around 1,000 thoroughbreds as of 2015. Pagcor operates a Casino within the area. It also houses a small venue inside the turf building, for cockfighting. The venue hosts a casino and is planned to be the site of the National Teams Training Centre to be used by both the national men's and women's football team. Within the grounds of the leisure park venues to accommodate baseball, football, and wakeboarding are being built. A concert venue is also planned.

## History

The Manila Jockey Club used to be housed at the San Lázaro Hippodrome in 1912 in Manila. The racetrack was built on the 400-hectare (990-acre) former friar estate known during the Spanish colonial period as the Hacienda de Mayhaligue. It later came to be the known as the Hacienda de San Lázaro being home to the Hospital de San Lázaro for lepers administered by the Franciscans since 1785. The site itself was the location of the Real Monasterio de Santa Clara, which the Manila Jockey Club purchased during the early days of the American colonial period in 1900. Prior to the construction of the hippodrome at San Lázaro, the Club held its races at the Santa Mesa Hippodrome in Santa Mesa. The Club then transferred its racetrack to its present site in Cavite in 2003. The former site was converted into a mixed-used development under the name, San Lazaro Tourism and Business Park.
In August 2022, Manila Jockey Club (1867-2022) shut down its 155-year-old horse racing operations of the Leisure Park with the last races under its banners in October, disclosing the "it would focus on real estate ventures while leasing existing properties." Manila Jockey Club leases its horse racing facilities in Carmona, Cavite, to The Horsemen's Track of Hapi Jockey Club Inc. (HJCI)

## Recent developments

Among the newest projects inside the SLLP is the construction of the new grand cockpit of MJC's subdiary, Manila Cockers Club (MCC), the 2,000-seater MCC Coliseum.
# Hampton Report

Reducing administrative burdens – effective inspection and enforcement (the Hampton Report) is a March 2005 UK publication produced under businessman Philip Hampton. The UK Statutory Code of Practice for Regulators is based on its recommendations with the purpose to promote efficient and effective approaches to regulatory inspection and enforcement.
In the 2004 Budget, Hampton was asked to lead a review of regulatory inspection and enforcement. This review produced the Hampton Report. This report, together with the later Macrory Review "Regulatory Justice – making sanctions effective" led to the UK Regulatory Enforcement and Sanctions Act 2008.
One result was that the Ayres and Braithwaite Compliance Pyramid was effectively codified into UK law.
The Hampton Report also recommended an enhanced role for the Office of Fair Trading (OFT). The OFT were to set national priorities and coordinate performance management of local authority trading standards services.

## Local Better Regulation Office

The 2005 Report initiated the creation of the Local Better Regulation Office (LBRO) as a government-owned company statutory corporation with statutory powers. Previously the Consumer and Trading Standards Agency (CTSA), it set out standards on how trading standards and other business regulators carried out their work to minimise the impact on legitimate business.
The LBRO was dissolved on 1 April 2012, its functions taken over by the Better Regulation Delivery Office, an independent unit within the Department for Business, Innovation and Skills.
Dr. Clive Lester Grace, erstwhile Chair of the LBRO, was awarded an OBE in the 2013 New Year Honours for services to Business and voluntary service to Communities.
# Montornès de Segarra

Montornès de Segarra (Catalan pronunciation:) is a municipality in the comarca of the Segarra in the Province of Lleida, in Catalonia, Spain. It is situated in the west of the comarca and is served by the L-210 road. Montornès de Segarra became part of the Segarra in the comarcal revision of 1990: previously it formed part of the Urgell. The municipality contains two urban centres, Montornès de Segarra and Mas de Bondia.

## Population

| 1900 | 1930 | 1950 | 1970 | 1986 | 2010 |
| 306 | 361 | 273 | 202 | 132 | 104 |
# Arieh Handler

Arieh Handler (May 27, 1915 – May 20, 2011) was a Zionist leader. He was one of the founders of the Religious Zionist movement in the UK. He was present at the Israeli Declaration of Independence.

## Biography

Arieh Handler was born in Bohemia and grew up in Germany. As a young man, he was active in helping Jews escape from Germany in the years leading up to the Holocaust. In the 1930s, he came to Britain and was one of the founders of the British branch of the Religious Zionist youth movement Bnei Akiva. He was also the President of the Religious Zionist organisation Mizrachi.
Shortly before the establishment of the State of Israel, Handler made aliyah and developed close friendships with many Zionist leaders. As a representative of the Religious Zionist movement, he attended many high-level secret meetings of the Zionist leadership in the lead-up to the establishment of the state. He was invited by David Ben-Gurion to attend the declaration of independence ceremony in Tel Aviv. Before his death in May 2011, Handler was the last living person to have been present at this event.
Handler lived in London for many years, carrying out various assignments for the Israeli government and Zionist institutions. He was involved in building up the Zionist movement in Britain and was close to Harold Wilson.
In 2006, Handler returned to Israel. He lived until his death in the Kiryat Moshe neighbourhood of Jerusalem.
# Xiu Xiu / The Dead Science split 7-inch

The Xiu Xiu / The Dead Science split 7-inch, released in 2005 on Deathbomb Arc, is one of several split EPs by both Xiu Xiu and The Dead Science. Eugene Robinson (of Oxbow) contributed vocals for Xiu Xiu's track, and The Dead Science track has posthumous vocals by outsider artist Shooby Taylor.

## Track listing

* Xiu Xiu - "Juarez"
* The Dead Science - "The Human Horn"
# Turbonilla larranagai

Turbonilla larranagai is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Pyramidellidae, the pyrams and their allies.
# Castle of Stilo

The Castle of Stilo or Norman Castle is a castle of the Norman period built at Stilo, Calabria in southern Italy by Roger I of Sicily upon Monte Consolino in the 11th century.

## History

The first reference to the Norman castle at Stilo is from May 7, 1093 in a concession act of the Great Count to Saint Bruno: "elegerunt itaque quondam solitudinis locum inter locum qui dicitur Arena et oppidum quod appelatur Stilum".
In the 13th century, it was one of the seventeen castles in Calabria managed by Reale Curia during the reign of Charles I of Naples and it was also used as a prison. In that period, it was subjected to maintenance as written in folio 233 of 1281 of Regia Zecca Archive.
In the registry of April 14, 1323, it was written that Duke of Calabria, son of King Robert give to Noble, Contestabile, Baron of Settingiano Marco the "Castellania of Stilo" (ruling the Castle of Stilo) to him and his descents.
Since 2009 the castle has been under restoration.

## Paths

The castle is reachable by two main paths: from the panoramic and high slope path that start near Cattolica church, and following the Stilo's Via Crucis path composed by fourteen steps and three rest and panoramic area with benches, the second much larger and less sloped starts near Stilo Cemetery.

## Legends about Norman Castle

The Norman castle is haunted by a ghostly drumming sound. It has been said that centuries ago, a drummer boy was sent through the castle cellar to follow a secret passage, while beating on his drum so others could follow the sound. But at the half-point, the drumming suddenly stopped and the drummer boy mysteriously vanished without a trace.
# Merluccius patagonicus

Merluccius patagonicus, the Patagonian hake, is a species of fish from the family Merlucciidae from the western South Atlantic which was described in 2003. However some authorities consider the distinguishing features of M. patagonicus to be within the range of variability for M. hubbsi and that M. patagonicus is therefore a synonym of M. hubbsi.
Males have a maximum recorded length of 56.2 cm (22.1 in) while females are known to grow up to a maximum length of 71 cm (28 in). This species lives to a maximum depth of 95 metres (312 feet).
# Sensiphorura tiunovi

Sensiphorura tiunovi is a species of springtail in the family Pachytullbergiidae. First described in 2017 by Yulia B. Shveenkova, this species is found in southern Vietnam.

## Description

Unlike other species in its genus, S. tiunovi lacks microsensilla (sensorial organs) on its thorax.
# Marcus Davis (American football)

Marcus Darnell Davis (born December 21, 1989) is a former American football wide receiver. He was signed as an undrafted free agent by the New York Giants in 2013. He played college football at Virginia Tech.

## Early life

He attended Ocean Lakes High School in Virginia Beach, Virginia. He was named first-team All-Tidewater as a quarterback by The Virginian Pilot and also was selected to the First-team All-Beach District. He was ranked as the 9th best prospect in the state of Virginia by The Roanoke Times. He was ranked as the 112th best wide receiver prospect in the country by SuperPrep.

## College career
### Virginia Tech
#### Freshman season

In his freshman year, he only recorded five receptions, 125 receiving yards along with one receiving touchdown.

#### Sophomore season

In his sophomore year, he had 19 receptions, 239 receiving yards and two receiving touchdowns.

#### Junior season

In his junior year, he had 30 receptions, 510 receiving yards and five receiving touchdowns.

#### Senior season

In his senior year, he had a career-high 51 receptions, 953 receiving yards and five receiving touchdowns. On December 5, 2012, he was selected as a 2012 Coaches All-ACC Honorable Mention following the season.

## Professional career
### 2013 NFL Combine

Pre-draft measurables :
| Height | Weight | Arm length | Hand span | 40-yard dash | Three-cone drill | Vertical jump | Broad jump | Bench press |
| 6 ft 3 in (1.91 m) | 233 lb (106 kg) | 32+3⁄4 in (0.83 m) | 10+1⁄4 in (0.26 m) | 4.56 s | 7.15 s | 39.5 in (1.00 m) | 120 ft 0 in (36.58 m) | 19 reps |
| All values from the NFL Combine |||||||||

### New York Giants

On April 27, 2013, he signed with the New York Giants as an undrafted free agent following the 2013 NFL draft.

### New York Jets

On May 15, 2013, he was claimed off waivers by New York Jets. He was waived on August 4, 2013. Upon clearing waivers, he was placed on the Jets' injured reserve list. Davis was released with an injury settlement on August 23, 2013.

### Kansas City Chiefs

Marcus Davis signed to a deal with the Kansas City Chiefs during the offseason.

### Saskatchewan Roughriders

Davis signed with the Saskatchewan Roughriders on September 9, 2015 and played in his first and only CFL game on October 31, 2015 where he had two catches for 11 yards. He was re-signed after the 2015 season, but was released during 2016 training camp on June 6, 2016.
# Nowa Huta, Gmina Raków

Nowa Huta is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Raków, within Kielce County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 12 kilometres (7 mi) north-west of Raków and 28 km (17 mi) south-east of the regional capital Kielce.