OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ritsa Strict Nature Reserve

Ritsa Strict Nature Reserve (Georgian: რიწის დაცული ტერიტორია) is a protected area in the Gudauta District of Abkhazia, in the country of Georgia. The reserve's main goal is to protect Lake Ritsa and conserve the ecosystems and species located in the surrounding mountain regions.

## History

The USSR, where Georgia was a constituent republic, established the Ritsinsky Reserve in 1930. The reserve's territory expanded when Georgia regained independence in 1991, and the new Ritsa Strict Nature Reserve was formed. Following the commencement of the Abkhaz–Georgian conflict and subsequent war, the territory of Ritsa was taken over and is now governed by the Government of Abkhazia, which created Ritsinsky Relic National Park in 1996.

## Geography

Ritsa Strict Nature Reserve is located in the mountainous part of Abkhazia in the southern part of the Greater Caucasus range, extending from the Ghegha River to the Pshchitsa River. The reserve's altitude ranges from 100–3,256 metres (328–10,682 ft) above sea level (Mount Agepsta), creating a rich spectrum of ecological conditions for the growth of many different plants and animals. The reserve's largest lake is Lake Ritsa. Other lakes in the reserve include Lake Smaller Ritsa and Blue Lake. There are several waterfalls in this region, the most famous being the Gegsky falls, which were featured as the "Reichenbach Falls" in the 1980 Soviet movie The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes and Dr. Watson.

## Flora

The protected area of Euxine-Colchic deciduous forests includes numerous evergreen boxwood (Buxus colchica) groves as well as specimens of the Nordmann fir, which can reach heights of over 70 metres. This area is also home to specimens of European yew. A variety of rare endemic species, such as Lilium kesselringianum, Primula farinosa, as well as widespread species such as the bell-flower, occur in the region.

## Fauna

The region's most common mammals include the Caspian red deer, the west Caucasian tur, the rupicapra, the capreolus, the wild boar, the Caucasian wildcat, the stone marten, and the European rabbit.
More than 273 bird species can be found here, of which 71 are considered rare. About 100 species of birds nest in the reserve and others fly over the park via the eastern Black Sea Flyway. The golden eagle, griffon vulture, cinereous vulture, common blackbird, great tit, Caucasian snowcock, Caucasian grouse, red-fronted Serin, Goldcrest, and common chaffinch are among the many species that can be found in the region.
There are also rare species of amphibians: the Caucasian parsley frog, the Caucasian toad, and the endemic southern banded newt.
# Melvin Fleur

Melvin Fleur (born 18 February 1982 in Amsterdam) is a Dutch former professional footballer who played for Eredivisie club RBC Roosendaal between 2001 and 2009.
# Riodipine

Riodipine (INN; brand names Foridon and Ryosidine) is a calcium channel blocker.
# Riodocea

Riodocea is a genus of plants in the family Rubiaceae. It includes only one known species, Riodocea pulcherrima, indigenous to the Espírito Santo region of Brazil.
# Malus honanensis

Malus honanensis is a wild species in the genus Malus (mostly referred for the crabapple or wild apple), in the family Rosaceae, with no established common name, and used as rootstock for the domesticated apple.
# Manampatrana

Manampatrana is a rural municipality in Madagascar. It belongs to the district of Ikongo, which is a part of Fitovinany. The population of this municipality was estimated to be approximately 18,000 in 2001 commune census.
Primary and junior level secondary education are available in town. The majority 85% of the population of the commune are farmers. The most important crops are coffee and rice, while other important agricultural products are bananas, cassava and sweet potatoes. Services provide employment for 15% of the population.
It lies at the Faraony River and the Fianarantsoa-Côte Est railway that links the town with Fianarantsoa and Manakara.
# Salamander (metallurgy)

A salamander (or deadman's foot or furnace bear) in the metallurgy dialect means all liquid and solidified materials in the hearth of a blast furnace below the tap hole.
The target of the salamander tapping is to remove the remaining hot metal and slag from the blast furnace to allow a safe and efficient intermediate repair and blow-in of the blast furnace.
During blowing down of the furnace the salamander is tapped by drilling a hole in the blast furnace hearth.
* This industry-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
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* e
# Malik Hassan Sayeed

Malik Hassan Sayeed is an American cinematographer, producer and director, widely recognized for his work on the 1998 film, Belly. He is represented by production company Little Minx.

## Education

Sayeed graduated from Howard University in 1990 with a degree in Film Studies. Notably, he studied under leading member of the L.A. Rebellion, Haile Gerima. He also attended the Maine Photographic Workshops.

## Career

Sayeed was a second unit director of photography on Stanley Kubrick's Eyes Wide Shut and Andrew Niccol's Gattaca and was the cinematographer for Hype Williams' Belly and Spike Lee's The Original Kings of Comedy, Girl 6, He Got Game and Clockers.
Sayeed had served on the electrical crews for Spike Lee's Malcolm X and Crooklyn before Lee promoted him to director of photography for Clockers. Prior to this promotion, Sayeed had worked on music videos with Hype Williams and television commercials with Lee. Three years after Clockers, he served as director of photography for Belly. As of 2023, this was his last dramatic feature to be released. Though Sayeed has continued working in music, notably directing or serving as cinematographer for videos like Lauryn Hill's "Ex-Factor," D'Angelo's "Left & Right," and Beyonce's "Formation" and "Brown Skin Girl."
After working with Arthur Jafa (cinematographer for Crooklyn) on Seven Songs for Malcolm X, Sayeed and Jafa started to develop a closer relationship. In 2014, Sayeed along with Jafa and Elissa Blount Moorhead launched TNEG, an independent film studio and production company with the goal of creating a "Black cinema as culturally, socially, and economically central to the 21st century as was Black music to the 20th century."

## Awards

In 1999, Sayeed was nominated for an Independent Spirit Award: Best Cinematography for Belly (1998) He has won MTV Video Music Awards for "Formation" and "Brown Skin Girl" amongst other music videos.
# Salerano sul Lambro

Salerano sul Lambro (Lodigiano: Salaràn) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Lodi in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 25 kilometres (16 mi) southeast of Milan and about 10 kilometres (6 mi) southwest of Lodi.
Salerano sul Lambro borders the following municipalities: San Zenone al Lambro, Lodi Vecchio, Casaletto Lodigiano, Borgo San Giovanni, Caselle Lurani, Castiraga Vidardo.
# Road rally

Road rally may refer to:
* Rallying
* Peanuts Road Rally (disambiguation)
* "Road Rally", a 2010 episode of season 3 of Mickey Mouse Clubhouse
# Neisseria RNA thermometer

RNA thermometers (RNATs) regulate gene expression in response to temperature, allowing pathogens such as Neisseria meningitidis to switch on silent genes after entering the host organism. However the temperature for expression of Neisseria virulence-associated traits is 42 °C while other bacterial pathogen RNATs require 37 °C. This is probably because N. meningitidis is an obligate commensal of the human nasopharynx and becomes pathogenic during inflammation due to viral infection. Three independent RNA thermosensors were identified in the 5′UTRs of genes needed for: capsule biosynthesis (cssA), the expression of factor H binding protein (fHbp) and sialylation of lipopolysaccharide, which is essential for bacterial resistance against immune killing (lst). The very different nucleotide sequence and predicted inhibitory structures of the three RNATs indicate that they have evolved independently.
Further study of molecular mechanisms of CssA RNAT showed that it acts as a rheostat that responds to small temperature changes around 37 °C which occur within the upper airways during infection. The increase in temperature opens up the structure to allow increased access to the ribosome binding site. In addition even a small changes in nucleotide composition lead to disregulation of CssA production. These changes distort the structure in a manner that is amplified when the temperature is increased. Hence single nucleotide substitution leads to decrease in activation of the protein and a shift of activation to a higher temperature. This activity could be modulated by pharmacological intervention. The mechanisms underlying thermoregulation of fHbp were also further characterised.
# Segowlie–Raxaul Railway

Sagauli–Raxaul Railway was owned by the Segowlie–Raxaul Railway Company and worked by the Bengal and North Western Railway. The Sugauli–Raxaul Railway was absorbed by the Tirhoot Railway in around 1920.
# San Diego University

San Diego University may refer to the following in San Diego, California:
* San Diego University, merged with the San Diego College of Women in 1972 to form the University of San Diego, a private Roman Catholic research university
* San Diego State University, public research university in the California State University system
* University of California, San Diego, public research university in the UC school system
* San Diego University for Integrative Studies, small, private university
* San Diego City College, public, two-year community college
# Moher (Drumreilly)

Moher (from Irish Mothar meaning- A Cluster of Trees) is a townland in the civil parish of Drumreilly, barony of Tullyhaw, County Cavan, Ireland.

## Geography

Moher is bounded on the south by Ardmoneen townland, on the west by Doon (Drumreilly) townland and on the east by Drumderg, Greaghnaloughry and Lannanerriagh townlands. Its chief geographical features are Bartonny Top mountain (Irish = Bharr an Tonnaigh = The Top of the Mound) which reaches a height of 411 metres, Bartonny Lough, waterfalls, forestry plantations, mountain streams, a sulphurous spa well and dug wells. Moher is traversed by minor public roads and rural lanes. The townland covers 917 statute acres.

## History

The landlord of Moher in the 19th century was the Beresford Estate. A map of the Beresford estate drawn in 1831 spells the name as Moher. The Tithe Applotment Books for 1834 list sixteen tithepayers in the townland. Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists twenty-two landholders in the townland.
The 1913 Ordnance Survey map reduced the area of Moher by taking some of the land adjoining on the south side which had belonged to it in the 1836 OS map and adding it to Ardmoneen townland.

## Census

| Year | Population | Males | Females | Total Houses | Uninhabited |
| 1841 | 124 | 62 | 62 | 19 | 0 |
| 1851 | 88 | 48 | 40 | 17 | 0 |
| 1861 | 88 | 46 | 42 | 18 | 0 |
| 1871 | 79 | 46 | 33 | 15 | 0 |
| 1881 | 81 | 45 | 36 | 15 | 0 |
| 1891 | 86 | 43 | 43 | 13 | 0 |
In the 1901 census of Ireland, there were fourteen families listed in the townland.
In the 1911 census of Ireland, there were fifteen families listed in the townland.

## Antiquities

* Stone bridges over the streams
* A foot-bridge over the stream.
* Stepping-stones over the stream
* A ford over the stream
* Moher Lodge
* A lime-kiln
# Marilyn Forever Blonde

Marilyn Forever Blonde is a 2007 play about Marilyn Monroe written by Greg Thompson.

## About

Marilyn Forever Blonde.....The Marilyn Monroe Story In Her Own Words & Music is a one-woman play with music written by Greg Thompson and directed by Stephanie Shine. It takes place in a photographer's studio on what might be the last day of Marilyn's tumultuous life. The photographer and the many pivotal characters in Marilyn's life are heard but not seen.

## Tour and reception

The play opened in February 2007 at the Stella Adler Theatre in Hollywood with actress/singer Sunny Thompson as Marilyn Monroe. The play then began touring theatres throughout the United States, across Canada, New Zealand and England with a nine-week run in the West End Leicester Square Theatre. The play has received critical acclaim throughout its tour. The Boston Globe called it "BREATHTAKING," The L.A. Journal, "AMAZING!," The San Francisco Chronicle Online called it "One of the greatest performances of the modern stage".

## Awards

The play has won over a dozen regional theatre awards including "Best Theatrical Event of the Year" and "Best Actress" from the Dayton Daily News "Day-Tony" Awards, "Best Touring Show of the Year" from the Connecticut Critics Circle and the Lee Hartgrave "FAME AWARD" for "Best Acting".

## Songs

The play utilizes 17 songs that are interwoven with the dialogue, which is constructed entirely of documented quotes from Marilyn Monroe and pivotal characters from her personal life and career. The songs are all songs sung by Monroe in her films and include: "My Heart Belongs To Daddy," "I Want Be Loved By You," "Running Wild," "That Old Black Magic" and "Diamonds Are A Girl's Best Friend."
# Queensland – New South Wales Interconnector

The Queensland – New South Wales Interconnector (QNI) is a 330 kV AC interconnection between New South Wales and Queensland, Australia.
The link was commissioned in 2001. It consisted of double-circuit 330 kV lines between Armidale, Dumaresq, Bulli Creek and Braemar and a double-circuit 275 kV line between Braemar and Tarong. There is an additional 330 kV Dual Circuit to complement the QNI from Bulli Ck Switching Station (27°55'15.8"S 150°50'34.8"E) via Millmerran Power Station & Switching Stations (27°57'53.7"S 151°16'26.9"E) to Middle Ridge Switching Station & 330/275/110 kV Sub, South of Toowoomba (27°37'22.2"S 151°56'43.0"E). The original maximum transfer capacity was 300 to 350 MW in both directions. This has been progressively increased to 700 MW from New South Wales to Queensland and 1,200 MW from Queensland to New South Wales. The interconnector is operated by TransGrid and Powerlink Queensland.
# Queenslandolaelaps vitzthumi

Queenslandolaelaps vitzthumi is a species of mite in the family Ologamasidae.
# Rishabhapriya

Rishabhapriya is a ragam in Carnatic music (musical scale of South Indian classical music). It is the 62nd melakarta rāgam (parent scale) in the 72 melakarta rāgam system of Carnatic music. It is the prati madhyamam equivalent of Charukesi, which is the 26th melakarta. It is called Ratipriya in Muthuswami Dikshitar school of Carnatic music.

## Structure and Lakshana

It is the 2nd rāgam in the 11th chakra Rudra. The mnemonic name is Rudra-Sri. The mnemonic phrase is sa ri gu mi pa dha ni. Its ārohaṇa-avarohaṇa structure (ascending and descending scale) is as follows (see swaras in Carnatic music for details on below notation and terms):
* ārohaṇa: S R₂ G₃ M₂ P D₁ N₂ Ṡ
* avarohaṇa: Ṡ N₂ D₁ P M₂ G₃ R₂ S
This scale uses the notes chathusruthi rishabham, antara gandharam, prati madhyamam, shuddha dhaivatham and kaisiki nishadham. As it is a melakarta rāgam, by definition it is a sampoorna rāgam (has all seven notes in ascending and descending scale).

## Janya rāgams

A few minor janya rāgams (derived scales) are associated with Rishabhapriya. See List of janya rāgams for all associated scales of Rishabhapriya and other 71 melakarta rāgams.

## Compositions

A few compositions which are set to Rishabhapriya are:
* Ghana naya desika by Koteeswara Iyer
* Maara ratipriyam by Muthuswami Dikshitar
* Nandisam vande by Dr. M. Balamuralikrishna
* Inta sodhanamulaku by Veene Sheshanna
* Mahima dakkinchu by Thyagaraja
* Panniru Kaiyane by D. pattamal
* Mahatmule theliyaleru by Mysore vasudevacharyar

## Related rāgams

This section covers the theoretical and scientific aspect of this rāgam.
Rishabhapriya's notes when shifted using Graha bhedam from the panchamam (Pa), yields one other melakarta rāgam, namely Kokilapriya. Graha bhedam is the step taken in keeping the relative note frequencies same, while shifting the shadjam to the next note in the rāgam. "Rishabhapriya" and "Kokilapriya" are also the only melakarta rāgams to contain a wholetone scale. Omitting Pa in "Rishabhapriya" and Sa in "Kokilapriya" yields the scale. For further details and an illustration refer Graha bhedam on Kokilapriya.
GOPRIYA is a janya raga created by omitting panchamam in the aarohanam and avarohanam (S R2 G3 M2 D1 N2 S---S N2 D1 M2 G3 R2 S) is special in that doing Grahabhedam on it generates the same raga itself over and over. This is because the notes are equally separated in frequency...source is a lec-dem by S. Soumya in Margazhi Maha Utsavam in January 2017. In western classical music terminology, this is called a Whole Tone Scale (Rudi Seitz, 12 Jan. 2013).
# List of top 25 singles for 1957 in Australia

The following lists the top 25 (end of year) charting singles on the Australian Singles Charts, for the year of 1957. These were the best charting singles in Australia for 1957. The source for this year is the "Kent Music Report", known from 1987 onwards as the "Australian Music Report".
| # | Title | Artist | Highest pos. reached | weeks at No. 1 |
| 1. | "Around the World" | Bing Crosby; Nat King Cole | 1 | 8 |
| 2. | "Diana" | Paul Anka | 1 | 8 (pkd #1 1957 & 58) |
| 3. | "Love Letters in the Sand" | Pat Boone | 1 | 5 |
| 4. | "Round and Round" | Perry Como; The Four Lads | 1 | 8 |
| 5. | "Singing the Blues" | Guy Mitchell | 1 | 6 |
| 6. | "Hey There" | Rosemary Clooney | 1 | 4 |
| 7. | "A White Sport Coat (and a Pink Carnation)" | Marty Robbins | 1 | 4 |
| 8. | "True Love" | Bing Crosby & Grace Kelly | 3 | |
| 9. | "Young Love" | Tab Hunter; Sonny James | 1 | 3 |
| 10. | "Marianne" | Terry Gilkyson and the Easy Riders | 1 | 3 |
| 11. | "Tammy" | Debbie Reynolds; The Ames Brothers | 2 | |
| 12. | "It's Not For Me to Say" | Johnny Mathis | 2 | |
| 13. | "Cindy, Oh Cindy" | Eddie Fisher | 1 | 2 |
| 14. | "Wonderful! Wonderful!" | Johnny Mathis | 1 | 1 |
| 15. | "The Green Door" | Jim Lowe | 1 | 1 |
| 16. | "Jamaica Farewell" | Harry Belafonte | 2 | |
| 17. | "You Don't Know Me" | Jerry Vale | 5 | |
| 18. | "Butterfly" | Andy Williams | 2 | |
| 19. | "That'll Be the Day" | The Crickets | 2 | |
| 20. | "In the Middle of an Island" | Tony Bennett | 3 | |
| 21. | "Friendly Persuasion (Thee I Love)" | Pat Boone | 4 | |
| 22. | "Jailhouse Rock" | Elvis Presley | 3 | |
| 23. | "White Silver Sands" | Don Rondo | 2 | |
| 24. | "Hernando's Hideaway" | Johnnie Ray | 2 | |
| 25. | "Garden of Eden" | Joe Valino | 3 | |
These charts are calculated by David Kent of the Kent Music Report and they are based on the number of weeks and position the records reach within the top 100 singles for each week.
source: David Kent's "Australian Chart Book 1940-1969"
vteARIA Charts :
Official record chart keeping in Australia
Go-Set Top 40 (1966–1974)
Kent Music Report (1974–1998; 1940–2007 retrospect)
ARIA Charts (1988–present) :
Albums :
Singles :
Chart achievements and milestones :
# List of top 25 singles for 1956 in Australia

The following lists the top 25 (end of year) charting singles on the Australian Singles Charts, for the year of 1956. These were the best charting singles in Australia for 1956. The source for this year is the "Kent Music Report", known from 1987 onwards as the "Australian Music Report".
| # | Title | Artist | Highest pos. reached | weeks at No. 1 |
| 1. | "Just Walking in the Rain" | Johnnie Ray | 1 | 9 |
| 2. | "Whatever Will Be, Will Be (Que Sera Sera)" | Doris Day | 1 | 8 |
| 3. | "The Yellow Rose of Texas" | Mitch Miller | 1 | 6 |
| 4. | "Sixteen Tons" | Tennessee Ernie Ford; Frankie Laine | 1 | 6 |
| 5. | "Memories Are Made of This" | Dean Martin | 1 | 5 |
| 6. | "The Rock and Roll Waltz" | Kay Starr | 1 | 5 |
| 7. | "Hot Diggity (Dog Ziggity Boom)" | Perry Como | 1 | 4 |
| 8. | "Mack the Knife" | Louis Armstrong | 1 | 4 |
| 9. | "The Great Pretender" | The Platters | 2 | 3 |
| 10. | "The Poor People of Paris" | Les Baxter | 1 | 1 |
| 11. | "Portuguese Washerwomen" | Joe "Fingers" Carr | 1 | 3 |
| 12. | "He" | Al Hibbler | 2 | 2 |
| 13. | "Moonglow and Love Theme (from Picnic)" (medley) | Morris Stoloff | 1 | 1 |
| 14. | "It's Almost Tomorrow" | Jo Stafford; The Dream Weavers | 3 | |
| 15. | "A Sweet Old Fashioned Girl" | Teresa Brewer | 2 | |
| 16. | "Moments to Remember" | The Four Lads | 3 | |
| 17. | "Wayward Wind" | Gogi Grant | 2 | |
| 18. | "My Prayer" | The Platters | 4 | |
| 19. | "Ivory Tower" | Cathy Carr | 2 | |
| 20. | "Canadian Sunset" | Hugo Winterhalter/Eddie Heywood; Andy Williams | 2 | |
| 21. | "Allegheny Moon" | Patti Page | 3 | |
| 22. | "Suddenly There's a Valley" | Jo Stafford | 2 | |
| 23. | "A Woman in Love" | Frankie Laine | 5 | |
| 24. | "Walk Hand in Hand" | Tony Martin; Andy Williams | 4 | |
| 25. | "Hello Young Lovers" | Perry Como | 6 | |
These charts are calculated by David Kent of the Kent Music Report and they are based on the number of weeks and position the records reach within the top 100 singles for each week.
source: David Kent's "Australian Chart Book 1940-1969"
vteARIA Charts :
Official record chart keeping in Australia
Go-Set Top 40 (1966–1974)
Kent Music Report (1974–1998; 1940–2007 retrospect)
ARIA Charts (1988–present) :
Albums :
Singles :
Chart achievements and milestones :
# Riphath

Riphath (Hebrew: ריפת) was great-grandson of Noah, grandson of Japheth, son of Gomer (Japheth's eldest), younger brother of Ashkenaz, and older brother of Togarmah according to the Table of Nations in the Hebrew Bible (Genesis 10:3, 1 Chronicles 1:6). The name appears in some copies of 1 Chronicles as "Diphath", due to the similarities of the characters resh and dalet in the Hebrew and Aramaic alphabets.

## Analysis

His identity is "completely unknown."
He was supposed by Flavius Josephus to have been the ancestor of the "Riphatheans, now called Paphlagonians". Hippolytus of Rome made him the ancestor of the Sauromatians (as distinct from the "Sarmatians", whom he called descendants of Riphath's elder brother, Ashkenaz).
Riphath has often been connected with the Riphean Mountains of classical Greek geography, in whose foothills the Arimaspi (also called Arimphaei or Riphaeans) were said to live. These generally regarded as the western branch of the Ural Mountains.
August Wilhelm Knobel proposed that Riphath begat the Celtic peoples, who according to Plutarch had crossed from the Riphaean Mountains while en route to Northern Europe. Smith's Bible Dictionary also forwards Knobel's notion that the Carpathian Mountains "in the northeast of Dacia" is the site of the Riphath or Riphean Mountains.
Some versions of the Middle Irish work Lebor Gabála Érenn give as an alternate name "Riphath Scot" son of Gomer, in place of Fenius Farsa, as a Scythian ancestor of the Goidels.
# Queensville, Ontario

Queensville is a village within the Town of East Gwillimbury, Ontario, Canada.

## History

Originally named Four Corners and Hackett's Corners (after William Hackett owner of a general store), it was renamed as Queensville in 1843 to honour Queen Victoria.

## Overview

Among the private homes, the village proper contains the Queensville Cemetery, a post office, a United Church of Canada, and a complex containing a fire hall, a community centre, a public park with softball diamond, tennis courts and playground. Guy Paul Morin and Christine Jessop were neighbours in Queensville in 1984, and John Candy once owned a home approximately 1 km south of Queensville.
At one time, there were plans to build Ontario's first private university in Queensville. The site for the proposed university would have been east of Leslie on the north side of Queensville side road. It was expected that the university would occupy 65 acres (0.102 sq mi; 0.26 km$^2$) and employ 1,000 people.
Queensville was home to the largest Antique Mall in York Region. The mall closed in the fall of 2019.

## Geography

Statistics Canada 2006 census population for all of East Gwillimbury 21,069.
* Population approximately 3% of total East Gwillimbury population 632
* Name of inhabitants: - Queensvillians

### Surrounding communities

* Holland Landing, to the west
* Keswick, to the north
* Mount Albert, to the east
* Sharon, to the south