# Rhind Lectures

Rhind Lectures are a series of lectures on archaeological topics. They have been hosted by the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland since 1874. The content of the lectures is usually published in journals or expanded into new works by their authors.
The name commemorates Alexander Henry Rhind, whose bequest to the society funded this lectureship. Rhind directed that his estate be used for this purpose, once the interests of living parties were extinguished, which took place 11 years after his death in 1863. The speaker and subject are selected some three years in advance, allowing the speaker to give a detailed exposition of a topic in their area of expertise.
The Rhind Lectures have continued into the 21st century, and since 2009 the society has published a video file that is freely available to the public.

## Lecturers 1874–2008

The total number of lectures in the series in 2012 was 133. The following is a list of all lecturers to 2012, with the title of their lectures where known.
Rhind Lectures :
| No. | Year(s) | Title | Lecturer |
| 1 | 1874/76 | The past in the Present | Arthur Mitchell, MD, LLD |
| 2 | 1876/78 | The past in the Present | Arthur Mitchell, MD., LLD |
| 3 | 1879 | Scotland in Early Christian Times | Joseph Anderson |
| 4 | 1880 | Scotland in Early Christian Times | Joseph Anderson |
| 5 | 1881 | Scotland in Pagan Times: The Iron Age | Joseph Anderson |
| 6 | 1882 | Scotland in Pagan Times: The Bronze and Stone Ages | Joseph Anderson |
| 7 | 1883 | The Roman Occupation of Britain | Rev J Collingwood Bruce, LLD, FSA |
| 8 | 1884 | Ogham inscriptions in Ireland and Scotland | Sir Samuel Ferguson, QC., LLD., President of the Royal Irish Academy |
| 9 | 1885 | Early Christian symbolism in Great Britain and Ireland | J Romilly Allen, CE |
| 10 | 1886 | Register of Privy Council of Scotland | David Masson, MA LLD., Professor of Rhetoric & English Literature, University of Edinburgh |
| 11 | 1887 | Greek Antiquities | Alexander Stuart Murray, LLD., Keeper of Greek and Roman Antiquities, British Museum, London |
| 12 | 1888 | The Lake Dwellings of Europe | Robert Munro, MA MD., Author of Ancient Scottish Lake Dwellings |
| 13 | 1889 | Early Ethnology of the British Isles | John Rhys, MA, Professor of Celtic at Oxford |
| 14 | 1890 | Archaeological Aspects of Scottish Zoology | Professor J. Duns, DD., New College, Edinburgh |
| 15 | 1891 | The Anthropological History of Europe | John Beddoe, MD LLD FRS, Vice-President of the Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland |
| 16 | 1892 | The Early Christian Monuments of Scotland | Joseph Anderson, LLD., Assistant Secretary and Keeper of the Scottish National Museum of Antiquities, Edinburgh |
| 17 | 1893 | The Place-names of Scotland | Sir Herbert Maxwell, 7th Baronet |
| 18 | 1894 | Early fortifications in Scotland | David Christison, MD |
| 19 | 1895 | The Origins of Celtic Art | Arthur Evans, MA., Keeper of the Ashmolean Museum, Oxford |
| 20 | 1896 | Industrial arts of Scandinavia in pagan times | Dr Hans Hildebrand, Royal Antiquary of Sweden |
| 21 | 1897 | The Evidence for a Roman Occupation of North Britain | James MacDonald, LLD |
| 22 | 1898 | Heraldry | James Balfour Paul, Lyon King-of-Arms |
| 23 | 1899 | Architecture in Scotland | Thomas Ross |
24 1900 The Edwards in Scotland, 1296–1377 Joseph Bain, FSA Scot
25 1901 The Constitution, Organisation, and Law of the Mediaeval Church in Scotland Bishop Dowden
26 1902 Castellated architecture of Scotland Thomas Ross
27 1903 Scotland in the Time of Queen Mary P Hume Brown, MA LLD., Fraser Professor of Ancient (Scottish) History and Palaeography in the University of Edinburgh
28 1904 Roman Scotland George Macdonald, MA
29 1905 Roman Britain Dr F Haverfield, MA LLD
30 1906 The Archaeology of the Cuneiform Inscriptions Professor Archibald Sayce
31 1907 Roman Britain Dr F Haverfield, MA LLD
32 1908 The Roman Station at Newstead Mr James Curle
33 1909 The Occupation and use of the land in Scotland in Early Times Dr David Murray
34 1910 Art of the Period of the Teutonic Migrations Professor Gerard Baldwin Brown
35 1911 The Records of Scotland J Maitland Thomson, LLD
36 1912 The Early Chronicles relating to Scotland Rt Hon Sir Herbert Maxwell, Bart., President of the Society
37 1913 Some aspects of Scottish Feudalism Dr George Neilson
38 1913 The Development of writing and printing in Western Europe Dr W K Dickson
39 1914 The Liturgy and Ceremonial of The Mediaeval Church in Scotland Mr F C Eeles
40 1915 Medals of the Renaissance Mr George Francis Hill, Keeper of Coins & Medals, British Museum
41 1916 Celtic Place-Names in Scotland Professor W J Watson, LLD
42 1917 Arms and Armour Mr Charles J. ffoulkes, Curator of the Royal Armouries, Tower of London
43 1918 The Prehistoric Monuments of Scotland Mr A O Curle
44 1919 House Furnishing and Domestic Life in Scotland 1488–1688 Mr John Warrack
45 1920 Painting in the Roman Empire (from the last century of the Republic to about 800 AD) Mrs Arthur (Eugénie) Strong, British School at Rome
46 1921 Egyptian Science Professor W M Flinders Petrie
47 1922 Monastic Building in Britain Mr C R Peers
48 1923 The Civilisation of Greece in the Bronze Age Dr H R Hall
49 1924 Early Races of Scotland Professor Thomas H Bryce
50 1925 The Mediaeval Castle in Scotland Mr W M Mackenzie, Secretary RCAHMS
51 1926 Italian Sculpture of the Renaissance Mr Eric Maclagan, director, V & A Museum
52 1927 Roman Britain Sir George Macdonald, KCB FBA LLD
53 1928 The Ancient Connections between Scotland and Norway Professor A W Brøgger
54 1929 The History of the Brooch Mr Reginald A Smith, BA FSA
55 1930 The Hittites Professor Garstang
56 1931 Monastic Life and its influence on the Civilisation of Scotland Mr George Gordon Coulton, Litt D DLitt LLD FBA
57 1932 The Megalithic Culture of Northern Europe Dr C A Nordman, Helsingfors
58 1933 English Illumination from AD 700 to the end of the Fifteenth Century Mr Eric G Millar, DLitt
59 1934 Augustan Civilisation in Western Europe Mr Ian A Richmond
60 1935 Early Anglo Saxon Art and Archaeology Mr E T Leeds, Keeper of the Ashmolean Museum
61 1936 The Archaeology of the Iberian Peninsula Professor P Bosch Gimpera
62 1937 Mediaeval Edinburgh Dr C A Malcolm
63 1938 Excavations at Ras Shamra Monsieur Claude Shaeffer
64 1939 Early Art of Scandinavia Professor Haakon Shetelig
1940 Postponed (delivered in April 1942)
65 1941 The Province of Mar Dr W Douglas Simpson
66 1942 Jurisdictions of Mediaeval Scotland Dr W C Dickinson
67 1943 The Topography of Roman Scotland Mr O G S Crawford, FSA
68 1944 The Development of Tribal Society in Scotland Professor V G Childe, DLitt DSc FBA V-PSA
69 1945 The Scottish Burghs Dr W Mackay Mackenzie
70 1946 Spring Scandinavian Art of the Post-Christian Pagan Period Professor Haakon Shetelig
71 1946 Oct Castles and Cannon: A Study of Early Artillery Fortifications in England Mr Bryan H St John O’Neil
1947 No lecture
72 1948 Early Christian Monuments in the Near East Professor W M Calder, LLD
73 1949 First: The Mediaeval Stone Carver in Scotland (Two series of lectures delivered) Mr James S Richardson, LLD
74 Second: Regional House-Styles: their origins and development: recent studies in South Wales Sir Cyril Fox, DLitt FSA
75 1950 (Series of seven lectures) Periods of Highland Civilization Miss I F Grant LLD
76 1951 Discipline of Field Archaeology Professor R E Mortimer Wheeler
77 1952 Greek Sculpture: The Century after Pheidias Mr Bernard Ashmole, MC MA BLitt FBA
78 1953 Architecture in Elizabethan England Mr John Summerson, CBE FSA ARIBA
79 1954 The Laboratory in the service of Art and Archaeology Dr H J Plenderleith
80 1955 A Survey of American Archaeology Dr G H S Bushnell
81 1956 Classical inspiration in Medieval Art Mr W F Oakenshott
1957 No lecture due to the death of Professor S P O’Riordain
82 1958 The Historical Local Institutions of Scotland Professor G S Pryde of Glasgow
83 1959 The Role of Constantinople in Byzantine Art Professor D Talbot Rice
84 1960 Roman Imperial Art Mr J B Ward Perkins, Director of The British School at Rome
85 1961 The Origins of the Late Celtic Art Professor Haseloff of Würzburg
86 1962 March Mounds of the Middle East: their formation and excavation Mr Seton Lloyd, CBE
87 Nov The Prehistoric Origins of Europe Professor Stuart Piggott, BLitt DLitt HUM
88 1964 The Coins of the Ancient Celts Mr D F Allen, BA FBA FSA
89 1965 March Anglo-Saxon Pottery and the Settlement of England Mr J N L Myres, MA LLD FSA
90 Oct Cultural Structure and Movement in East Asia from the Neolithic Period to the Unification of China Mr William Watson, MA
91 1966/67 Scottish Architects and English Architecture in the 18th Century Dr PJ Murray
92 1967/68 Late Medieval Monumental Sculpture in the West Highlands Dr K A Steer
93 1968/69 The Roman Frontier in Germany in the Light of New Research Prof Dr Hans Schonberger
94 1969/70 The Furnishing of Medieval Churches in Scotland The Rt Rev Monsigneur D McRoberts S.T.L.
95 1970/71 Plough and Field shape from Prehistoric Times to c1500 AD Prof Axel Steensberg
96 1972/73 Byzantine Mosaic and Wall Paintings D Winfield
97 1973/74 Aspects of Archaeology in Iran D B Stronach
98 1974/75 Scottish Silversmiths and Their Work Stuart Maxwell
99 1975/76 Interior Decoration in Great Britain G Beard
100 1976/77 Pictish Art and Society Dr I Henderson
101 1977/78 Pre-Roman Celtic Art Prof O-H Frey
102 1978/79 The Medieval Cathedrals of Scotland Dr R Cant
103 1979/80 The Course of Architecture in Ireland Dr M Craig
104 1980/81 The Industrial Heritage Prof S G E Lythe
105 1981/82 Pre-Roman and Native Settlement between the Tyne and Forth Prof G Jobey
106 1982/83 Aspects of the Neolithic and Early Bronze Age in the Netherlands and Britain Prof JD van der Waals
107 1983/84 The Danube Frontier of the Roman Empire Prof J J Wilkes
1985/86 108 1986/87 Culture, Tradition and Artifact Dr A Gailey
109 1987/88 The Archaeology of Death in Ancient Egypt Dr A Rosalie Davie
110 1988/89 An Heroic Age: War and Society in Northern Britain AD 450–850 Prof Leslie Alcock
111 1989/90 The Archaeology of the Slavs Dr Martin Gojda
112 1990/91 The Revival of Medieval and Early Renaissance Architecture in Scotland 1745–1930 Dr D M Walker
113 1991/92 Altering The Earth: The Origins of Monuments in Britain and Continental Europe Prof R Bradley
114 1992/93 Scottish Monastic life on the Eve of the Reformation Dr Mark Dilworth
115 1993/94 Oral Narrative in Scotland Donald A MacDonald
116 1994/95 Enlarging the Past: the contribution of Wetland Archaeology Professor John and Dr Bryony Coles
117 1995/96 Death and Wealth in Viking Scotland Professor James Graham-Campbell
118 1996/97 The Food of the Scots Professor Alexander Fenton
119 1997/98 Scottish Royal Palaces: The Architecture of the Royal Residences during the Late Medieval and Early Renaissance Periods John Dunbar
120 1998/99 The Origins of Insular Monasticism Professor Charles Thomas
121 1999–2000 Significant Figures: Anderson, Baldwin-Brown, Childe, AO Curle, J Curle, A McBain, L Mann, WF Skene Dr D J Breeze; Dr DV Clarke; Professor D Meek; Dr JNG Ritchie; Mr WDH Sellar
122 2000–2001 Art as Archaeology, Archaeology as Art: Transformations through material culture Professor Colin Renfrew, Baron Renfrew of Kaimsthorn, University of Cambridge
123 2001–2002 Peoples Between The Oceans Professor Barry Cunliffe, University of Oxford
124 2002–2003 Lines from the past: towards an anthropological archaeology of inscription Professor Tim Ingold, University of Aberdeen
125 2003–2004 Court, Capital and Country: the Emergence of Renaissance Scotland Professor Michael Lynch, University of Edinburgh
126 2004–2005 Men who turned towards the light: Cult and creativity in the Romans’ world Professor Greg Woolf, University of St Andrews
127 2006 Rock and Cave Art Paul Bahn
128 2007 Living in an Age of Stone: Neolithic people and their worlds Professor Gabriel Cooney, University College Dublin
129 2008 Archaeology and the Sea in Scandinavia and Britain Professor Ole Crumlin-Pedersen [da], Denmark

## Lecturers 2009-

130 2009 New Light on the Dawn: a new perspective on the Neolithic Revolution in Southwest Asia Emeritus Professor Trevor Watkins, University of Edinburgh
131 2010 Design versus Dogma: Reflections on Field Archaeology Professor Martin Carver, University of York
132 2011 Material and spiritual engagements; Britain and Ireland in the first age of metal Dr Stuart Needham
133 2012 On the windy edge of nothing: Vikings in the North Atlantic world – ecological and social journeys Professor Kevin Edwards, University of Aberdeen
134 2013 ‘magnificent for the beauty and extent of its buildings and worthy of everlasting fame’ – the architecture of the Scottish late medieval Church Professor Richard Fawcett, University of St Andrews
135 2014 Archaeology and Celtic Myth – an exploration Professor John Waddell, NUI Galway
136 2015 British Archaeology: its progress and demands Various contributors including, Professor Audrey Horning, Queen’s University Belfast; Professor Ian Baxter, University Campus Suffolk; Dr Jacqui Mulville, Cardiff University; Margaret Maitland, National Museums Scotland; Dr Rebecca Jones, Historic Environment Scotland; Dr Alan Leslie, Northlight Heritage; Professor Mary Bownes, University of Edinburgh; Professor Keith Dobney, University of Aberdeen; Dr Greger Larson, University of Oxford; Dr Eva-Maria Geigl, CNRS University Paris 7; Professor Ian Barnes, Natural History Museum; and Professor Richard Bradley
137 2016 Antiquaries, archaeologists and the invention of the historic town c.1700–1860 Professor Roey Sweet, University of Leicester, Centre for Urban History
138 2017 Sacred Heritage: medieval monasticism, magic and memory Professor Roberta Gilchrist, University of Reading
139 2018 Drystone technologies: Neolithic tensions and Iron Age compressions Dr John Barber, AOC Archaeology Group
140 2019 Hadrian’s Wall: A Study in Archaeological Exploration and Interpretation Professor David J. Breeze
141 2020 Neolithic Scotland: the Big Picture and Detailed Narratives in 2020 Dr Alison Sheridan
142 2021 Untimely Ends Professor John Hunter
143 2022 Unearthing the African Diaspora Professor Theresa Singleton
144 2023 What has Maya archaeology done for us? Professor Elizabeth Graham
145 2024 Two ‘little’ ice ages and an anomaly: climate, environment and cultural change in medieval and early modern Scotland Professor Richard Oram