OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Santa Maria in Gradi, Viterbo

Santa Maria in Gradi is a Roman Catholic church in the town of Viterbo in the region of Lazio, Italy. The church was once part of a Dominican order monastery, but the convent is now adapted to form buildings in the Tuscia University (Università degli Studi della Tuscia). The convent stood outside of Porta Romana.

## History and description

The Dominican convent was founded in 1244 with the patronage of the papal notary, Raniero Capocci, who had been a friend to Dominic de Guzmán, founder of the order and beatified in 1234. The church of Santa Maria in Gradi was built over the next decades. It was consecrated in 1258 by Pope Alexander IV. The church of Santa Maria della Quercia in Viterbo also belonged to the Dominican order. But Santa Maria in Gradi, standing outside the city walls, suffered more depredations during various conflicts, and was refurbished both in the 1400s and in the 1700s. The latter work was directed by designs of Nicola Salvi. Little remains of the medieval church. It suffered from the allied bombardment in 1944, and subsequently the roof of the church collapsed in 1956. The monastery was suppressed in the 1870s, and the site had been used as a jail from 1873 to 1993. The church has undergone substantial restoration.
Among those once buried in the church was Pope Clement IV (his tomb and monument were moved in the 18th-century to San Francesco, and the archbishop Ruggieri degli Ubaldini, who Dante assigns to the circle of traitors in the Inferno.
# Munder

Munder may refer to:
* Munder, Suriname, a resort (municipality)
* Munder, Udupi, Karnataka, India, a village
* Bad Münder, Lower Saxony, Germany, a town
* Eugen Munder (1899–1952), Nazi official
# Birmingham Journal (eighteenth century)

The Birmingham Journal was the first newspaper known to have been published in Birmingham, England. Little is known of it as few records remain, but a single copy survives in the Library of Birmingham: Number 28, dated Monday May 21, 1733. It is assumed from this that the first edition was probably published on 14 November 1732.

## Background

The newspaper was published weekly (on Thursday) by local businessman and bookseller Thomas Warren from his house over the Swan Tavern in the High Street. Among its contributors was Samuel Johnson, whose work for the Journal while he was lodging with Warren in Birmingham in 1733 was his first original published writing. James Boswell wrote of this in his Life of Johnson:
   Mr. Warren was the first established bookseller in Birmingham, and was very attentive to Johnson, who he soon found could be of much service to him in his trade, by his knowledge of literature; and he even obtained the assistance of his pen in furnishing some numbers of a periodical Essay printed in the newspaper, of which Warren was proprietor. After very diligent inquiry, I have not been able to recover those early specimens of that particular mode of writing by which Johnson afterwards so greatly distinguished himself.
Publication of the Birmingham Journal is known to have ceased by 1741.

## Johnson's role

There is no physical record that documents to what extent Johnson played a part in the making of the Journal. It is known that Johnson was asked by Warren to work on the paper, and that Warren respected the extent of Johnson's knowledge to the point that he wanted to harness it for the Journal. There was an old tradition among the Birmingham bookselling community that Johnson was an "assistant" to Warren and that Johnson wrote several of the essays that were printed in the paper. However, this cannot be verified because none of the papers printed during the months that Johnson could have worked on the Journal have survived.
# Sirka

Sirka may refer to several places:
* Sirka, India, a town in Ramgarh district in the Indian state of Jharkhand.
* Sirka, Pakistan, a village in Tehsil Hazro, Attock District, Punjab, Pakistan.
* Sirka, Togo, a village in Binah Prefecture in the Kara Region of Togo.
# Mary Sophie Young

Mary Sophie Young (ca. 1872–1919) was a botanist at the University of Texas significant for her field trips where she collected large quantities of specimens making her a key contributor to plant taxonomy in Texas.

## Early life and education

Young was on born September 20, 1872 (some accounts stating 1870) in Glendale, Ohio. Her parents were Charles Huntington, an Episcopalian minister, and Emma Adams Young. Young was the youngest of eight children, with seven older brothers. She was educated in Ohio and attended Wellesley College for her Bachelor's in 1895. After teaching at various schools in Sullivan, MO; Dundee, IL; Sycamore, IL; and Fond-du-lac, WI, Young attended the University of Chicago in 1900, where she received her Master’s of Science in 1907 and her PhD in 1910.

## Career
### Teaching

In 1910, Young continued her teaching career at the University of Texas as a botany tutor and was promoted to the position of instructor the following year. After working as a teacher, she later gained tenure at the University of Texas where she became the curator of the university herbarium in 1912. She was known for her clear writing style during a time while there were limited laboratory directions on botany as well as for her teaching style that encouraged students to answer their own questions.

### Research

Young frequently traveled throughout the Austin area collecting plant material. She maintained extensive logs during her travels in which she detailed the journey and plant specimens collected. These collections added a large number of specimens that had yet to be recorded in the University’s herbarium, transforming the size of the Texan University Herbarium from 2,500 to 16,000; its accompanying research resulted in two publications. Young also traveled to other parts of Texas, primarily West Texas, during the summers of 1914, 1915, 1916, and 1918. Many of her specimens are kept in the Philadelphia Academy of Natural Sciences and the United States National Herbarium. Unfortunately, her career was cut short in 1919 when an advanced stage form of cancer was found; she later died on March 5, 1919, at the age of 46. Young is remembered as a pioneering botanist who increased the content of the Herbarium at University of Texas at Austin and initiated specimen exchange relationships between UT Austin's Herbarium and others around the country.
# Merriamosauria

Merriamosauria is an extinct clade of ichthyosaurs. It was named by Ryosuke Motani in his 1999 analysis of the relationships of ichthyopterygian marine reptiles and was defined in phylogenetic terms as a stem-based taxon including "the last common ancestor of Shastasaurus pacificus and Ichthyosaurus communis, and all of its descendants." The name honours John Campbell Merriam. Based on this definition, Merriamosauria includes most ichthyosaurs except for several Triassic groups such as the clade Mixosauria, the family Cymbospondylidae, and perhaps the family Toretocnemidae. Merriamosaurs are characterized by features in their pectoral girdles and limb bones, including an extensive connection between the scapula and the coracoid bone, the absence of the first metacarpal and the absence of a pisiform bone.
In addition to Shastasaurus, this clade includes Shonisaurus, Guizhouichthyosaurus, an unnamed Norian taxon from Alaska, and many other genera.
# Happidrome (film)

Happidrome is a 1943 British comedy film directed by Philip Brandon and starring Harry Korris, Robbie Vincent and Cecil Fredericks. It was a spin-off from the Happidrome BBC radio series which was popular at the time. The film was made at the Riverside Studios in Hammersmith, and produced by the musical star Jack Buchanan. The sets were designed by the art director William Hemsley.

## Synopsis

Mr Lovejoy, a struggling actor-manager returns to a small provincial town with plans to put on a show. Despite having debts there during the previous visit, he is cunningly able to keep his show on the road and gains free advertising in a newspaper by announcing that local talent will be cast. In the meantime he acquires two incompetent assistants, Enoch and Ramsbottom, and Bunty Meadows, an eager would-be star also wangles her way into the company. A statuesque but domineering Russian prima donna also joins the cast.
Bunty's determination to become a leading lady has a disastrous effect on the opening night which is supposed to be a serious play about Ancient Rome, but quickly descends into a total farce. With the audience extremely amused, the show is quickly rebilled as a comedy.

## Cast

* Harry Korris as Mr Lovejoy
* Robbie Vincent as Enoch
* Cecil Fredericks as Ramsbottom
* Bunty Meadows as Bunty Mossup
* Lisa Lee as Tanya / Josephine
* Jennie Gregson as Mrs Bane
* Muriel Zillah as Muriel
* Connie Creighton as Connie
* Marie Lawson as Marie
* Olga Stevenson as Miss D'Orsay
* Joss Ambler as Mr Mossup
* Valentine Dunn as Mrs Mossup
* Bryan Herbert as Newspaper editor
* Arthur Hambling as Jones Jnr.
* Leslie 'Hutch' Hutchinson as himself
* Cairoli Brothers as Themselves
* Billy Wells as Ivan
# Bosmoreau-les-Mines

Bosmoreau-les-Mines is a commune in the Creuse department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region in central France.

## Geography

An area of forestry and farming comprising the village and several hamlets situated by the banks of the Taurion river, some 15 miles (24 km) southwest of Guéret, at the junction of the D61 and the D60 roads.

## Sights

* The church, dating from the eighteenth century.
* A museum of coalmining.
* Buffalo Farm.
* Velo Rail.
# Moor End

Moor End may refer to two places in England:
* Moor End, County Durham, an area of Belmont parish
* Moor End, Buckinghamshire, a hamlet in Lane End parish
# SS Barøy

Two steamships have borne the name Barøy, after the Norwegian island Barøy:
* SS Barøy (1914) was a 302-ton passenger/cargo ship completed in June 1914, by Akers Mekaniske Verksted, Oslo, Norway. Wrecked off Andenes, Norway, on 17 February 1928.
* SS Barøy (1929) was a 424-ton passenger/cargo ship completed on 19 August 1929, by Trondhjems mekaniske Værksted in Trondheim, Norway. Torpedoed and sunk by Fleet Air Arm aircraft on 13 September 1941.
# Name conflict

Name conflict may refer to:
* Name collision
* Naming collision
* Identifier#Implicit context and namespace conflicts
* Name mangling
* Name conflicts with minor planets
# Sheila O'Brien

Sheila O’Brien (October 9, 1902 in Texas – January 26, 1983) was an American costume designer.
O'Brien began her career as a seamstress for Paramount Pictures but transferred to the costume department of MGM, where she worked as a costume department dresser on The Wizard of Oz in 1939, coming into her own as a Hollywood costume designer in the 1950s. She was a favourite of Joan Crawford’s, dressing her in Sudden Fear (1952, for which O’Brien received an Oscar nomination), Johnny Guitar (1954) and Female on the Beach (1955). O’Brien died of cancer in 1983.
# Nasrat Canal

The Nasrat Canal (often transliterated as Nusrat Canal) also locally known as Sada Wah, is a major irrigation canal located in the Sindh province of Pakistan. It originates from the Rohri Canal near Sukkur and flows southward for approximately 260 kilometers, irrigating vast agricultural lands in the districts of Sukkur, Khairpur, Naushero, and Shaheed Benazirabad.

## History and significance

Construction of the Nasrat Canal began in the early 20th century under the British Raj and was completed in 1923. It played a crucial role in transforming the arid landscape of Sindh into a fertile agricultural region. The canal serves as a vital source of water for various crops, including cotton, wheat, rice, sugarcane, and fruits.
# Sir John Key, 1st Baronet

Sir John Key, 1st Baronet (16 August 1794 – 14 July 1858) was a wholesale stationer and Whig politician in England.
He was elected Sheriff of the City of London in 1824 and Lord Mayor of London for two years, from 1830 to 1832.
He was elected at the 1832 general election as a member of parliament (MP) for the City of London, but resigned his seat on 5 August 1833 by taking the Chiltern Hundreds. During his parliamentary career he supported the abolition of slavery, the repeal of part of the assessed taxes, abrogation of the Corn Laws, the adoption of triennial parliaments and the vote by ballot.
He was made a baronet in 1831, of Thornbury and Denmark Hill. In 1853 he ran for election to the office of Chamberlain of the City of London, emerging victorious after a closely fought contest with the young liveryman Benjamin Scott. He died in the office of Chamberlain, and Scott was elected unopposed in his stead.
He died at his home in Streatham on 14 July 1858 and was buried at West Norwood Cemetery.
John Key married Charlotte Green on 17 Aug 1814. They had five children:
* Kingsmill Grove (born 7 May 1815)
* Thomas Kelly (10 July 1819)
* Elizabeth Susan (13 March 1821)
* Lucy Wilson (18 November 1822)
* Charlotte Marian (7 May 1826)
Lucy Wilson Key married George Parbury (his second wife) on 22 March 1849 at St Mary, Thornbury in Gloucestershire.
# Marysinek

Marysinek may refer to the following places:
* Marysinek, Gmina Radzanów in Masovian Voivodeship (east-central Poland)
* Marysinek, Gmina Strzegowo in Masovian Voivodeship (east-central Poland)
* Marysinek, Sochaczew County in Masovian Voivodeship (east-central Poland)
* Marysinek, Warsaw West County in Masovian Voivodeship (east-central Poland)
# Nobuyoshi Kuwano

Nobuyoshi Kuwano (桑野 信義, Kuwano Nobuyoshi, born April 4, 1957 in Ōta, Tokyo) is a Japanese television performer, former member of Rats & Star. His nickname is "Kuwa-man" (桑マン). In Rats & Star, he took charge of the trumpet and vocals. After the group broke up, he shifted to a television comedian and co-starred with The Drifters' Ken Shimura and Masashi Tashiro. He took over as lead vocalist of Rats & Star during Masayuki Suzuki's solo concert tour.
He appears in some Japanese television programs as a performer. He was disappointed by Masashi Tashiro's arrest. He also said to Tashiro in public, "It's disappointing. Please atone for your crimes and thoroughly cleanse your body and soul" following Tashiro's retirement from the entertainment world.
# Boston Spa hoard

53°54′01″N 1°20′06″W﻿ / ﻿53.900225°N 1.3348968°W﻿ / 53.900225; -1.3348968 The Boston Spa hoard is a Romano-British hoard of 172 coins in a ceramic vessel found near Boston Spa in 1848.

## Discovery and description

The hoard was found in Boston Spa in 1848 during the construction of foundations for a new building.
It comprises a ceramic grey ware jar and 172 silver denarii. The coins date from 211 BC to the reign of the Emperor Hadrian (AD 119–122). They are, thus, likely to have been deposited in the 2nd-century AD. The hoard was purchased by the Yorkshire Museum in 1880.

## Public display

The hoard was loaned to Leeds City Museum in February 2022 as part of their exhibition on coin hoards titled "Money Talks". It was displayed alongside other hoards including the Cridling Stubbs Hoard and the Temple Newsham Hoard.
# Moritz, South Dakota

Moritz is an unincorporated community in Deuel County, in the U.S. state of South Dakota.

## History

A post office called Moritz was established in 1899, and remained in operation until it was discontinued in 1923. The community was named for Andrew Moritz, an early settler.
# Castanea × neglecta

Castanea × neglecta, the chinknut, is a named hybrid chestnut tree; it is a cross between Castanea dentata (American chestnut) and Castanea pumila (Allegany chinquapin). It was first formally named by Louis-Albert Dode in 1908. The chinknut is native to the southeastern United States.
# Birnam Wood (disambiguation)

Birnam Wood is a town in Scotland.
Birnam Wood or Birnamwood may also refer to:
* Birnamwood, Wisconsin
* Birnamwood (town), Wisconsin
* Birnam Wood (novel), a novel by Eleanor Catton
# Sir John Lambert, 1st Baronet

Sir John Lambert, 1st Baronet (1666 – 4 February 1723) of London, was a French-born English merchant.
He was the eldest son of Jean Lambert (d. 1702), a merchant of Saint-Martin-de-Ré, Île de Ré, France, by Marie Le Fevre. A Protestant, he was educated in England at Camberwell and became wealthy through trade. He was one of the directors of the South Sea Company. He was knighted in or after September 1710, when he had advanced £400,000 or more to the British Government.
On the recommendation of Robert Harley, Chancellor of the Exchequer, he was created a baronet on 16 February 1711. He married, in or before 1690, Madeleine, daughter of Benjamin Bruzelin, who was a merchant in Rouen. Their first son, also called John, was born on 22 March 1690.
The first baronet died on 4 February 1723, and he was succeeded by his eldest son, John. Madeleine died in Clarges Street, Piccadilly, in April 1737, aged about 70. The second baronet married Anne Holmes, whose father Tempest Holmes was a Commissioner of the Victualling Office. The second baronet died aged 82 on 4 September 1772, and was in turn succeeded by his eldest son John (11 October 1728 – 21 May 1799), the third of the Lambert baronets of that name.
# Rongorongo text F

Rongorongo (/ˈrɒŋɡoʊˈrɒŋɡoʊ/; Rapa Nui:) is a system of glyphs discovered in the 19th century on Easter Island that appears to be writing or proto-writing. Text F of the rongorongo corpus, also known as the (Stephen) Chauvet tablet, is one of two dozen surviving texts.

## Other names

F is the standard designation, from Barthel (1958). Fischer (1997) refers to it as RR7.

## Location

Sold from the Merton D. Simpson Gallery It is now located in a private collection.
There are no reproductions.

## Description

A fragment of a rotted tablet of unknown wood, 11.5 × 8 cm.
There is a label on side b that reads: fragment d'une tablette de l'Ile de Pâques Souvenir de Mgr d'Axiéri, reçu en 1892 (a fragment of a tablet from Easter Island. In memory of Msgr. d'Axiéri, received in 1892).

## Provenance

The condition of the wood suggests it was found in a cave or other moist environment. Although Jaussen ("Msgr. d'Axiéri") never mentioned this tablet, and it is not known how or where he acquired it, Thomson noted it during a visit in 1886. Fischer states that it was included in the shipment of Jaussen's effects to the SSCC in Paris in 1892, after his death. In 1930 it was traded to Stéphen Chauvet. Chauvet died in 1950; its location until Arman acquired it c. 1990 is unknown. After Arman's death in 2005 it passed to the private Merton Simpson gallery.
Several scholars, such as Guy, have doubts as to the authenticity of this tablet. However, Fischer believes it to be authentic based on "its provenance, glyphic morphology, and sequences shared with other tablets".

## Text

There are six lines of glyphs on each side, though two of those on side b are effaced. Of the ~ 55 glyphs, many are only partly preserved. The label on side b covers a part of the inscription which has never been transcribed. The crude quality of the carving is similar to that of tablet Y.

### Barthel

       Side a, as traced by Barthel. The lines have been rearranged to reflect English reading order: Fa1 at top, Fa5 at bottom.

### Fischer
## Image gallery

* Side a, color
* Side a, traced
* Side b, showing label
# Robbins's tateril

Robbins's tateril (Taterillus arenarius), or the Sahel gerbil, is a species of rodent found across Mauritania and possibly Mali and Niger. Its natural habitats are dry savanna and subtropical or tropical dry shrubland.
# All Those Yesterdays

* "All Those Yesterdays", song by Pearl Jam from Yield (album)
* "All Those Yesterdays", (Justin Tubb) from The Importance of Being Ernest
* "All Those Yesterdays", (Hanson, Heeney, Masters) from Jennifer Hanson (album)
# Castaneda (disambiguation)

Castañeda is a surname.
Castañeda or Castaneda may also refer to:
* Castaneda (band) an American Indie Pop band
* La Castañeda, a Mexican rock band
* La Castañeda (psychiatric institution), Mexican General Asylum
* Castañeda, Cantabria, a municipality in Cantabria, Spain
* Castaneda, Switzerland, a municipality in the district of Moesa, Graubünden canton, Switzerland
* Dr. Carlos Castañeda Elementary School, a school in McAllen, Texas, USA
# Matti Valkonen

Matti Valkonen (5 August 1880 – 10 October 1952) was a Finnish schoolteacher, farmer and politician. He was a Member of the Parliament of Finland from 1919 to 1922, representing the National Progressive Party.
# Muralt Wall

A muralt wall is a small wall on top of a dyke, that was used as an alternative and cheaper way of raising the dykes. A muralt wall consists of three or four horizontal concrete plates of about a meter high in between concrete uprights.
Muralt walls were invented by R.R.L. de Muralt, esq. who was head of technical service of the Schouwen water authority between 1903 and 1913. After the storm surge of 1906 de Muralt developed a cheap way to raise dykes without having to widen the dyke's body. Between 1906 and 1935 around 120 km of muralt walls were put into place, about a third of all Zeelandish coastal dykes at the time. However, during the North Sea flood of 1953 it turned out that they were not adequate. Because of this most Muralt walls were removed during the dyke heightening after 1953.
Around Wolphaartsdijk, the Rattekaai, Scharendijke, Kortgene and Terneuzen diverse remnants of the muralt walls have been preserved. These remnants have gained the status of rijksmonument.
# One Time

One Time may refer to:
* "One Time" (AKA song), 2017
* "One Time" (Cherish song), 2017
* "One Time" (Justin Bieber song), 2009
* "One Time" (Migos song), 2015
* "One Time" (Nav and Don Toliver song), 2022
* "One Time", a song by King Crimson from their album Thrak, also appearing in their album/DVD Eyes Wide Open
* "Rocket Sneaker/One x Time", a song by Japanese artist Ai Otsuka
* 1time, a South African airline
* One timer, an ice hockey shot
* One time, one times, one-time, etc., an American (commonly found in hip hop music) slang term for police officers
# Rouvres-sur-Aube

Rouvres-sur-Aube (French pronunciation:, literally Rouvres on Aube) is a commune in the Haute-Marne department in north-eastern France.