OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Nitrosomonas europaea

Nitrosomonas europaea is a Gram-negative obligate chemolithoautotroph that can derive all its energy and reductant for growth from the oxidation of ammonia to nitrite and lives in several places such as soil, sewage, freshwater, the walls of buildings and on the surface of monuments especially in polluted areas where the air contains high levels of nitrogen compounds.
Due to the large amounts of ammonia this bacterium needs to consume for energy to divide, cell division can take up to several days. This is perhaps one reason why this microbe is not studied very much. This microbe has been shown to be an ammonia-oxidizing soil bacterium and it is known to have a range of substrates that might be useful in bioremediation. Several studies are still being done with the bacterium, but will take some time due to the slow cell division rate and the high amounts of nitrogen needed to live.
While not using photosynthesis for energy is not unique, "burning" ammonia with oxygen is. Both are characteristics of Nitrosomonas europaea. This microbe tolerates a pH of 6.0-9.0, the optimal conditions being slightly basic; has an aerobic metabolism; and prefers a temperature between 20-30 degrees Celsius. Most are mobile with flagella located in the polar regions although some species are nonmobile.
The reaction catalysed by these bacteria is the first step in the oxidation of ammonia to nitrate. Nitrosomonas europaea are also important in the treatment of industrial and sewage waste in the first step of oxidizing ammonia to nitrate. Evidence suggests that ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) contribute significantly to the global production of nitrous oxide (produced by the reduction of nitrite). Other evidence reveals that AOB are a possible source of nitric oxide via the oxidation of ammonia. Nitrosomonas europaea is also capable of degrading benzene as well as a variety of halogenated organic compounds, including trichloroethylene and vinyl chloride. The ability of nitrifying organisms to degrade some pollutants may make these organisms attractive for controlled bioremediation in nitrifying soils and waters.
Nitrosomonas europaea is also accountable for nitric acid production which can cause the dissolution of some stone and other construction materials found on statues and in buildings.
# Mitterrand (disambiguation)

François Mitterrand (1916–1996) was the President of France from 1981 until 1995.
Mitterrand may also refer to:

## Relatives of François Mitterrand

* Danielle Mitterrand (1924–2011) wife
* Frédéric Mitterrand (1947-2024) nephew, former Minister of Culture and Communication
* Henri Mitterand (1928–2021), French academic, author, critic, and editor
* Jean-Christophe Mitterrand (born 1946) son and political advisor
* Olivier Mitterrand (born 1943) nephew, business executive

## Others

* Jacques Mitterrand (1908–1991) French freemason and leftwing politician

## Similar spelling

* Alexandre Millerand (1859–1943) President of France 1920 to 1924
# Alpha-glucan, water dikinase

In enzymology, an alpha-glucan, water dikinase (EC 2.7.9.4) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
    ATP + alpha-glucan + H$_2$O $\rightleftharpoons$ AMP + phospho-alpha-glucan + phosphate
The 3 substrates of this enzyme are ATP, alpha-glucan, and H$_2$O, whereas its 3 products are AMP, phospho-alpha-glucan, and phosphate.
This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically those transferring phosphorus-containing groups (phosphotransferases) with paired acceptors (dikinases). The systematic name of this enzyme class is ATP:alpha-glucan, water phosphotransferase. This enzyme is also called starch-related R1 protein, GWD.
# Onofre Jarpa

Onofre Jarpa Labra (12 June 1849 – 15 February 1940) was a Chilean landscape painter in the Romantic style, and an essayist on various artistic topics.

## Biography

His education began at the Instituto Nacional, a prestigious school that has produced many of Chile's presidents. He continued his studies at the Academy of Painting (Santiago, Chile) (also known as Academia de Bellas Artes de Santiago), directed by the conservative Italian painter Alejandro Ciccarelli, who resigned in 1869 and was replaced by the German painter, Ernst Kirchbach, who took a progressive approach that was more amenable to Jarpa's temperament.
In 1875, he won second prize at an international exhibition in Santiago and, six years later, received a government grant to study in Europe, where he visited Spain, Rome and Paris. In Spain, he worked with Francisco Pradilla, who had a major influence on his style. His most important period, however, came during his stay in Venice, where his style became more Naturalistic and he began producing still-lifes. He also became devoted to painting en plein aire. After his European tour, he visited the Holy Land, where he painted scenes from the River Jordan and Mount Carmel.
Upon returning to Chile, he became a teacher. Among his best-known students were José Tomás Errázuriz, Alberto Valenzuela Llanos and the caricaturist Jorge Délano Frederick. He resisted the trends toward French Impressionism, represented by his former classmate, Juan Francisco González, although he was on good terms with the Grupo Montparnasse and the Generación del 13.
In addition to his landscapes and still lifes, he painted several portraits of notable public figures. A quiet, deeply religious man, he continued to paint almost until the day of his death. Most of his works are now in private collections.
# Hasanvand

Hasanvand (also spelled Hasanavand and Hasanwand) is a Lak tribe mainly settled in the Lorestan province of Iran. According to a 2008 census from the Statistical Center of Iran, Hasanvands had 1,121 households in their summer pasture in Lorestan.
# Haguro Station

Haguro Station (羽黒駅) is the name of two train stations in Japan:
* Haguro Station (Aichi)
* Haguro Station (Ibaraki)
# St Mary's Chapel, Arley

St Mary's Chapel is the private chapel to Arley Hall, near the village of Arley, Cheshire, England. It is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade II* listed building. The chapel is situated to the northeast of the hall.

## History

Arley Hall was rebuilt between 1832 and 1845 for its owner Rowland Egerton-Warburton. The hall was in Jacobean style but Egerton-Warburton, an Anglo-Catholic influenced by the Oxford Movement, decided that its chapel should be in Gothic style and commissioned Anthony Salvin to design it. The chapel was consecrated in September 1845. In 1856–57 a north aisle and entrance porch designed by G. E. Street were added.

## Architecture
### Exterior

The chapel is constructed in red sandstone ashlar and rendered brick, with tile and slate roofs. Its plan consists of a four-bay nave with a north aisle, a south porch, a two-bay chancel, and an octagonal bellcote. The porch originally connected the chapel with the house. The chapel is in Decorated style. In the south wall is a two-light mullioned window, and a projecting two-storey bay (the former porch) that has a rendered south wall. The west wall is plain. The east wall contains an oriel window supported by a buttress carved with beasts. On each side of this is a small lancet window. In the angle between the south projection and the nave is the bellcote. In its southeast wall is a single lancet window, and in the bell stage are eight more lancets. The north wall contains two two-light mullioned windows, buttresses and gargoyles. At the east end of the nave is an angled buttress containing a niche with a statue of the Virgin and Child. Around the nave and chancel is a pierced parapet. The south wall of the chancel contains two two-light windows with Decorated tracery, a priest's door, and buttresses, above which are gargoyles, and a crocketed pinnacle. The east wall has two windows, one to the aisle, and the other to the chancel.

### Interior

The nave roof is supported on corbels decorated with carved angels holding shields, each of which is different. Along the south wall of the nave is a string course decorated with ballflowers. The north arcade is of three bays whose columns have capitals carved with foliage. In the church are three corona chandeliers. The lectern was made by Singer of Frome. The screen was designed by Street and is painted polychromatically, as is a radiator grill hiding central heating. The latter is in the style of a 13th-century tomb, and is decorated with lily finials. The font consists of a bowl carved with foliage and the Agnus Dei, supported by marble columns. In the chancel is a piscina and a triple sedilia. The east window contains glass designed by Kempe.

## Present day

The chapel, together with the hall and gardens, is open to visitors at advertised times.
# Ana Lúcia Ramos Lisboa

Ana Lúcia Ramos Lisboa is a film director from Cape Verde.
Born in Furna, Brava, Cape Verde, she studied at the Conservatory of Music, Dakar, Senegal, the National Institute for Dramatic Arts, Abidjan, and earned a film degree in Paris. Her film debut was as director, producer, screenwriter, and actress of the short film La Peur (1996). She directed the documentary Amílcar Cabral (2001), about the pan-Africanist leader Amilcar Cabral, which in addition to examining the life and myth of Cabral, it has also been described as "a celebration of Lisboa’s birthplace, subtly highlighting the foundational principles of Africa’s most stable democracy through the figure of Cabral. Its cinematography revels in the stark beauty of Cabo Verde." She directed two feature films: Cabo Verde nha cretcheu ("Cape Verde, My Love", 2007) and Zeka Santiago (2017).

## Filmography

* La Peur (1996), short.
* Amílcar Cabral (2001)
* Cabo Verde nha cretcheu ("Cape Verde, My Love", 2007)
* Zeka Santiago (2017).
# HD 196737

HD 196737, also designated as HR 7893, is a solitary orange hued star located in the southern constellation Microscopium. It has an apparent magnitude of 5.47, allowing it to be faintly visible to the naked eye. The object is located relatively close at a distance of 241 light years based on Gaia DR3 parallax measurements, but is receding with a heliocentric radial velocity of 14.2 km/s. At its current distance, HD 196737's brightness is diminished by 0.14 magnitudes due to interstellar dust. It has an absolute magnitude of 1.17.
This is an evolved giant star with a stellar classification of K1 III. HD 196737 is estimated to be 3.4 billion years old based on asteroseismologic measurements,enough for it to cool and expand onto the red giant branch; it is now fusing a hydrogen shell around an inert helium core. It has 1.4 time the mass of the Sun and an enlarged radius of 11.5 R$_☉$. It radiates 43.7 times the luminosity of the Sun from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 4,681 K. HD 196737 has a solar metallicity — what astronomers dub chemical elements heavier than helium. The star has a projected rotational velocity too low to be measured accurately.
# Narita Yume Bokujo narrow gauge railway

The Narita Yume Bokujo narrow gauge railway (Japanese 成田ゆめ牧場軽便鉄道) or Makiba Line (まきば線) is an approximately 1⁄3 mile (0.5 km) long narrow gauge heritage railway with a track gauge of 2 ft (610 mm) near the Japanese City of Narita in Chiba Prefecture. The railway is operated on several days per year by the Rasuchijin Railway Association (羅須地人鉄道協会).

## History

The railway is located at Narita Dream Dairy Farm, a 75 acres (30 hectares) agriculture theme park close to Tokyo Narita Airport. Visitors to the farm can watch milk production, and buy ice cream and yoghurt produced there.

## Rolling stock

* 0-4-0 Feldbahn steam locomotive No. 3
* 4wDM Kato Works diesel locomotive No. 5
* 0-4-0 Feldbahn steam locomotive No. 6
* 0-4-0 Porter steam locomotive No. 7
* 0-4-0VB Muff Potter vertical boiler No. 11
* Additional locomotives, passenger carriages and goods wagons
* Kato Works diesel locomotive No. 5
* Muff Potter vertical boiler No. 11
# NK Posavina Zagreb

NK Posavina was a Croatian football club based in the city of Zagreb. The former name of the club was NK Chromos. A new club is formed under the name NK Croatia '98
* This article about a Croatian football club is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Aloe andongensis

Aloe andongensis is a species of flowering plant in the Asphodelaceae family. It found in Angola.
# UEFA Euro 1988 qualifying Group 4

Standings and results for Group 4 of the UEFA Euro 1988 qualifying tournament.
Group 4 consisted of England, Northern Ireland, Turkey and Yugoslavia. Group winners were England, who finished 3 points clear of second-placed Yugoslavia.

## Final table

| Pos | Teamvte | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification | | | | |
| 1 | England | 6 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 19 | 1 | +18 | 11 | Qualify for final tournament | — | 2–0 | 3–0 | 8–0 |
| 2 | Yugoslavia | 6 | 4 | 0 | 2 | 13 | 9 | +4 | 8 | | 1–4 | — | 3–0 | 4–0 |
| 3 | Northern Ireland | 6 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 2 | 10 | −8 | 3 | | 0–2 | 1–2 | — | 1–0 |
| 4 | Turkey | 6 | 0 | 2 | 4 | 2 | 16 | −14 | 2 | | 0–0 | 2–3 | 0–0 | — |

## Goalscorers

There were 36 goals scored in 12 matches, for an average of 3 goals per match.
5 goals
* Gary Lineker
4 goals
* Zlatko Vujović
3 goals
* John Barnes
2 goals
* Peter Beardsley
* Bryan Robson
* Chris Waddle
* Faruk Hadžibegić
* Srečko Katanec
* Fadil Vokrri
1 goal
* Tony Adams
* Viv Anderson
* Steve Hodge
* Gary Mabbutt
* Neil Webb
* Colin Clarke
* Jimmy Quinn
* Yusuf Altıntaş
* Feyyaz Uçar
* Ljubomir Radanović
* Dejan Savićević
* Dragan Stojković
# Harris S. Hawthorne

Harris Smith Hawthorne (February 29, 1832 – March 23, 1911) was a Union Army soldier in the American Civil War who received the U.S. military's highest decoration, the Medal of Honor.
He was awarded the Medal of Honor for extraordinary heroism shown on April 6, 1865, during the Battle of Sailor's Creek, where he captured Robert E. Lee's son, George Washington Custis Lee, while serving as a corporal with Company F, 121st New York Volunteer Infantry. His Medal of Honor was awarded on December 29, 1894.
A competing claim for the capture of Lee was made in 1897 by David Dunnels White, a soldier of the 37th Massachusetts Infantry Volunteers. The claim was turned down by the U.S Army. In 2011, White's descendants submitted another claim which was also rejected. Their theory seems to be that Lee escaped after his initial detainment by White and was recaptured by Hawthorne.
Hawthorne died at the age of 79 on March 23, 1911, and was buried at Maple Grove Cemetery, Hoosick, New York.

## Medal of Honor citation

   Capture of Confederate Maj. Gen. George Washington Custis Lee
# Alexis Damour

Augustin Alexis Damour (19 July 1808, in Paris – 22 September 1902, in Paris) was a French mineralogist who was also interested in prehistory.

## Biography

In 1827 he studied under Alexandre Brongniart at the Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle in Paris, and up until 1854, worked for the Ministère des affaires étrangères. Afterwards, he devoted himself to mineralogical research, achieving fame for his research involving the chemical composition of many different minerals.
In addition to his solo analyses of various minerals, with Jean-Baptiste Boussingault, he studied obsidian under high temperatures, and with Henri Étienne Sainte-Claire Deville, he investigated the nature of columbite. Also, he is credited with the discovery of numerous new mineral species; faujasite, bertrandite, jacobsite and alluaudite, to name a few. In 1854 he named the mineral descloizite in honor of Alfred Des Cloizeaux. In 1845 Achille Ernest Oscar Joseph Delesse named a variety of muscovite, "damourite", in his honor.
In 1857 he was appointed president of the Société géologique de France, and in 1881, by way of a recommendation from Wolfgang Franz von Kobell, he became a member of the Royal Bavarian Academy of Sciences. His collections are held by the Muséum de Toulouse.

## Gallery

* Damourite - Kårarvet, Suède Damour collection MHNT
* Polished Neolithic axe Damour collection MHNT
* Polished Neolithic axe Damour collection MHNT
* Neolithic axe Damour collection MHNT
# Paradamoetas

Paradamoetas is a genus of jumping spiders that was first described by George and Elizabeth Peckham in 1885. The name is a combination of the Ancient Greek "para" (παρά), meaning "alongside", and the salticid genus Damoetas.

## Species

As of June 2023 it contains four species, found in Canada, the United States, Mexico and across parts of Central America:
* Paradamoetas carus (Peckham & Peckham, 1892) – Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras and El Salvador
* Paradamoetas changuinola Cutler, 1982 – Panama
* Paradamoetas fontanus (Levi, 1951) – USA, Canada
* Paradamoetas formicinus Peckham & Peckham, 1885 (type) – USA, Mexico, Guatemala to Nicaragua
# Henki Kolstad

Henki Kolstad (3 February 1915 – 14 July 2008) was a Norwegian actor and pop-cultural national treasure. With his debut at the Oslo national theater, he was known for his appearances in Olsenbanden, the children's series Jul i Skomakergata, Herr Klinke in Den Spanske Flue, and Vi gifter oss. Notable mentions include the Amanda and the Order of St. Olav awards.
Kolstad and his wife Else were together for 76 years. They had one son and two daughters.
Henki was also known for voicing several local Disney characters such as the Sheriff of Nottingham in Robin Hood, Grumpy in the 1982 dub of Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs, Maurice in Beauty and the Beast and the Sultan of Agrabah in Aladdin.
Henki's younger brother, Lasse Kolstad, was also a well-known actor. His older brother Knut Kolstad was a politician.

## Selected filmography

* 1930: Eskimo
* 1932: The White God
* 1943: Vigdis
* 1948: Kampen om tungtvannet
* 1949: Svendsen går videre
* 1950: To mistenkelige personer as a tramp
* 1951: Alt dette og Island med
* 1951: Vi gifter oss
* 1952: Emergency Landing
* 1954: Troll i ord
* 1957: Selv om de er små
* 1957: Stevnemøte med glemte år
* 1958: De dødes tjern
* 1959: 5 loddrett
* 1960: Millionær for en aften
* 1961: Et øye på hver finger
* 1961: Line
* 1963: Freske fraspark
* 1963: Vildanden
* 1964: Pappa tar gull
* 1965: Skjær i sjøen
* 1965: To på topp
* 1967: Gutten som kappåt med trollet
* 1967: Musikanter as Bille, the ship owner
* 1974: Fleksnes Fataliteter: Trafikk og panikk (#2.6) (TV)
* 1979: Jul i Skomakergata (TV)
* 1985: Deilig er fjorden!
* 1986: Teodors Julekalender (TV)
* 1988: Folk og røvere i Kardemomme by
* 1990: Spanske flue, Den (TV)
* 1999: Olsenbandens siste stikk
# Pennsylvania House of Representatives, District 194

The 194th Pennsylvania House of Representatives District is located in Montgomery County and Philadelphia County and includes the following areas:
* Montgomery County
** Lower Merion Township (PART)
*** Ward 03
*** Ward 09
*** Ward 13 [PART, Division 03]
* Philadelphia (PART)
** Ward 21
** Ward 38 [PART, Divisions 01, 07, 08, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 19 and 20]

## Representatives

| Representative | Party | Years | Note |
| Prior to 1969, seats were apportioned by county. |||||
| Herbert Fineman | Democrat | 1969 – 1978 | Resigned May 23, 1977. |
| Stephen E. Levin | Democrat | 1977 – 1986 | Elected November 8, 1977, to fill vacancy Resigned January 6, 1986, to become Judge of Common Pleas in Philadelphia County. |
| Richard Hayden | Democrat | 1987 – 1992 | |
| Kathy M. Manderino | Democrat | 1993 – 2010 | |
| Pamela DeLissio | Democrat | 2011 – 2023 | Lost renomination |
| Tarik Khan | Democrat | 2023 – present | Incumbent |
# HD 197027

HD 197027 (HIP 102152) is a star in the constellation Capricornus. It has an apparent magnitude of 9.15, making it readily visible through a telescope but not to the naked eye. The object is located at a distance of 255 light years but is approaching the Solar System with a heliocentric radial velocity of −44 km/s.
HD 197027 has a stellar classification of G3 V, indicating that it is an ordinary G-type main-sequence star like the Sun. It has only 97% the mass of the Sun but 108% of its radius. It shines at 119% the luminosity of the Sun from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 5,718 K, similar to the Sun's 5,778 K. HD 197027's metallicity – elements heavier than helium – is similar to the Sun. At an older age of 6.92 billion years, it spins with a projected rotational velocity of about 2 km/s.
Since its measured properties of this star are very similar to those of the Sun, it has been considered a candidate older solar twin. The abundances of 21 elements overall are more similar to the Sun than any other known solar twin. Its Iron Abundance is -0.03 with an error value of 0.02 Fe/H. (The value comes from the Hipparcos Extended Catalog.)
# Moggridgea

Moggridgea is a genus of spiders in the tree dwelling family, Migidae. The genus was first described by Octavius Pickard-Cambridge in 1875, who named the genus after naturalist John Traherne Moggridge.
The majority of the 32 species of the genus are found in southern Africa and Socotra, with an outlying species in Australia's Kangaroo Island.

## List of Moggridgea species

* Moggridgea albimaculata Hewitt, 1925 (South Africa)
* Moggridgea ampullata Griswold, 1987 (South Africa)
* Moggridgea anactenidia Griswold, 1987 (Cameroon)
* Moggridgea breyeri Hewitt, 1915 (South Africa)
* Moggridgea clypeostriata Benoit, 1962 (Congo)
* Moggridgea crudeni Hewitt, 1913 (South Africa)
* Moggridgea dyeri O. P.-Cambridge, 1875 (South Africa)
* Moggridgea eremicola Griswold, 1987 (Namibia)
* Moggridgea intermedia Hewitt, 1913 (South Africa)
* Moggridgea leipoldti Purcell, 1903 (South Africa)
* Moggridgea loistata Griswold, 1987 (South Africa)
* Moggridgea microps Hewitt, 1915 (South Africa)
* Moggridgea mordax Purcell, 1903 (South Africa)
* Moggridgea nesiota Griswold, 1987 (Comoro Is.)
* Moggridgea occidua Simon, 1907 (Principe)
* Moggridgea pallida Hewitt, 1914 (Namibia)
* Moggridgea paucispina Hewitt, 1916 (South Africa)
* Moggridgea peringueyi Simon, 1903 (South Africa)
* Moggridgea pseudocrudeni Hewitt, 1919 (South Africa)
* Moggridgea purpurea Lawrence, 1928 (Namibia)
* Moggridgea pymi Hewitt, 1914 (Zimbabwe, South Africa)
* Moggridgea quercina Simon, 1903 (South Africa)
* Moggridgea rainbowi Pulleine, 1919 (Kangaroo Island, South Australia)
* Moggridgea rupicola Hewitt, 1913 (South Africa)
* Moggridgea rupicoloides Hewitt, 1914 (South Africa)
* Moggridgea socotra Griswold, 1987 (Socotra)
* Moggridgea tanypalpa Griswold, 1987 (Angola)
* Moggridgea teresae Griswold, 1987 (South Africa)
* Moggridgea terrestris Hewitt, 1914 (South Africa)
* Moggridgea terricola Simon, 1903 (South Africa)
* Moggridgea verruculata Griswold, 1987 (Congo)
* Moggridgea whytei Pocock, 1897 (Central Africa)
# Sim4

Sim4 is a nucleotide sequence alignment program akin to BLAST but specifically tailored to DNA to cDNA/EST (Expressed Sequence Tag) alignment (as opposed to DNA–DNA or protein–protein alignment). It was written by Florea et al.