OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Sasajiscymnus tsugae

Sasajiscymnus tsugae, formerly Pseudoscymnus tsugae, is a species of insect in the family Coccinellidae. It feeds on the hemlock woolly adelgid.

## Taxonomy

The species was first described by Hiroyuki Sasaji and Mark S. McClure in 1997 as Pseudoscymnus tsugae. It was later discovered that the genus name Pseudoscymnus (published for Coccinellidae in 1962) was already in use for a genus of shark, and in 2004 the replacement name Sasajiscymnus was published by Natalia Vandenberg, hence this species became Sasajiscymnus tsugae.

## History

The species is a biological control method for the hemlock woolly adelgid, Adelges tsugae, in North America, an invasive species that threatens the eastern hemlock, Tsuga canadensis and the Carolina hemlock, Tsuga caroliniana. S. tsugae is a black lady beetle that is relatively host-specific, feeding only on three known aldegid species, including hemlock woolly adelgid. This beetle was discovered in 1992 while feeding on hemlock woolly adelgid in its natural range of Japan. Since 1995, the Pennsylvania Department of Conservation and Natural Resources's Bureau of Forestry has released hundreds of thousands of adult S. tsugae beetles into affected hemlock forests of the eastern United States to determine its effectiveness at controlling the spread of the adelgid. From 1995 to 1997, experiments in Connecticut and Virginia found that releasing adult Sasajiscymnus tsugae beetles into infested hemlock stands resulted in a 47 to 88 percent reduction in adelgid densities within five months of introduction. The beetle's lifecycle is in parallel to the lifecycle of the hemlock woolly adelgid. Both lay eggs in the spring and hatching occurs nearly simultaneously. When hatched, S. tsugae larvae are highly mobile and feed on hemlock woolly adelgid eggs and larvae. Each S. tsugae larva can effectively consume about 500 adelgid eggs or nearly 100 developing adelgid nymphs.

## Description

Adult S. tsugae are oval-shaped and are about 1.1 mm wide by 1.7 mm long. They are entirely black and are pubescent on their upper surface. Eggs are reddish-orange in color, oval-shaped, and 0.25 mm wide by 0.48 mm long inside an opalescent chorion. The eggs are usually laid individually or in small groups in bark crevices and in the scales of buds. The larvae grow from about 1.1 mm to 2.7 mm during their four developmental instars. They change color from reddish-brown to gray as they mature. The pupa is about 1.1 mm wide and 1.9 mm long and is reddish-brown color. The adults emerge as a light golden brown color and then to jet black after about one day.
# Bonfires (film)

Bonfires is a Canadian short documentary film, directed by Martin Bureau and released in 2017. The film depicts the controversial Eleventh Night celebrations in Northern Ireland, when Ulster Protestants continue to light large bonfires each year to commemorate the Protestant victory over Catholics in the Battle of the Boyne.
The film premiered at the Traces de vies documentary film festival in Clermont-Ferrand in 2017. It was screened at a number of film festivals thereafter, and was incorporated into Bureau's larger multimedia exhibition Les murs du désordre.

## Awards

In 2018, the film won the Prix Farel for best short film at the Festival international du film à thématique religieuse in Neufchâtel, Switzerland. In 2019, the film received a Canadian Screen Award nomination for Best Short Documentary at the 7th Canadian Screen Awards.
# Metachanda eophaea

Metachanda eophaea is a moth species in the oecophorine tribe Metachandini. It was described by Edward Meyrick in 1930. Its type locality is on Mauritius.
# Shooting at the 2010 South American Games – Women's trap

The Women's trap event at the 2010 South American Games was held on March 22 at 9:00.

## Medalists

| Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| Anne-Marie Pietersz Netherlands Antilles | Janice Teixeira Brazil | Pamela Boghikian Chile |

## Results
### Qualification

| Rank | Athlete | Series | Series | Series | Total | Shoot-off |
| Rank | Athlete | 1 | 2 | 3 | Total | Shoot-off |
| 1 | Janice Teixeira (BRA) | 18 | 24 | 19 | 61 | |
| 2 | Anne-Marie Pietersz (AHO) | 22 | 20 | 17 | 59 | |
| 3 | Pamela Boghikian (CHI) | 17 | 18 | 18 | 53 | |
| 4 | Gina Baez (COL) | 14 | 18 | 20 | 52 | |
| 5 | Melisa Gil (ARG) | 14 | 19 | 17 | 50 | |
| 6 | Nicole Andrea Torres (CHI) | 17 | 19 | 14 | 50 | |
| 7 | Monica Falla Osorio (COL) | 13 | 18 | 16 | 47 | |

#### Final

| Rank | Athlete | Qual Score | Final Score | Total | Shoot-off |
| | Anne-Marie Pietersz (AHO) | 59 | 18 | 77 | |
| | Janice Teixeira (BRA) | 61 | 9 | 70 | |
| | Pamela Boghikian (CHI) | 53 | 15 | 68 | |
| 4 | Gina Baez (COL) | 52 | 11 | 63 | |
| 5 | Nicole Andrea Torres (CHI) | 50 | 11 | 61 | 1 |
| 6 | Melisa Gil (ARG) | 115 | 19 | 134 | 0 |
# Wilfrid Grigson

Sir Wilfrid Vernon Grigson CSI (1896 – 26 November 1948) was a British soldier and civil servant.

## Biography

Wilfrid Grigson was born in 1896 in the Vicarage at Pelynt in Cornwall, south-west England, to Canon William Shuckforth Grigson and Mary Beatrice Boldero, and was one of seven brothers, including Geoffrey, Kenneth (1895–July 1918) and John (1893–1943). Five of the brothers died during the First and Second World Wars (the surviving brother being Geoffrey). Wilfrid Grigson was educated at St John's School, Leatherhead, in Surrey, before matriculating to Christ Church, Oxford.
During the First World War, Grigson served as a lieutenant in the Machine Gun Corps, serving in four different theatres of war.
After the war, he joined the Indian Civil Service and rose up through the ranks. At one point, while resident in Hyderabad State, his house was burned by people connected with the Razakars. The highest rank he achieved was serving as deputy commissioner of the Central Provinces and Berar. He was made a Companion of the Order of the Star of India, and in 1948 was knighted. On 26 November 1948, the plane he was travelling on crashed, killing all 16 passengers and five crew. An obituary was published in the journal Nature.

## Personal life

Grigson and his wife had two children: Christopher Grigson, a respected engineer naval architect, and Claudia, who later married Henry Chilver.
# Nicole Taylor (cricketer)

Nicole Taylor is a former Australian cricketer. She played two List A matches for Victoria during the 1996–97 season of the Women's National Cricket League (WNCL).
# August Alphonse Derbès

August Alphonse Derbès (8 May 1818, Marseille – 27 January 1894, Marseille) was a French professor of naturalist, zoologist and botanist at the University of Marseille who studied reproduction of sea urchins and of algae. Derbès was the first scientist to observe the fertilization of an egg in an animal when he detailed the process of an envelope forming around the gamete during sea urchin reproduction, a process now known to be associated with Ca$^{2+}$ release.
With Elisée Reverchon he issued the exsiccata Plantes de France.
# Ngô Thì Nhậm

Ngô Thì Nhậm or Ngô Thời Nhiệm (chữ Hán: 吳時任, 1746–1803) was an important Vietnamese scholar and official who served several regimes during the turbulent last decades of the eighteenth century. He had served as an official for the Trịnh lords before losing his position as a result of a coup that followed the death of the Trịnh lord Trịnh Sâm in 1782.
He retreated from public life, focusing on his scholarship, before being lured back to official service by the Tây Sơn leader, Nguyễn Huệ in the late 1780s. He served the Tay Son regime with enthusiasm during the reign of the Quang Trung Emperor (r. 1788-1792), writing edicts for the Tây Sơn court, and serving as an emissary to the Chinese court.
After the unexpected death of the Quang Trung Emperor and the ascent to the throne of an underage son, Ngô Thì Nhậm slowly decreased his service to the court, and turned his attention to an interest in Vietnamese Buddhism. He became noted for his writings on Vietnamese Buddhism, and was actively involved in attempting to revive the 13th Century Trúc Lâm ("Bamboo Grove") zen sect, the only native Vietnamese school of Buddhism. The revival attempted to harmonize the "Three teachings" of Buddhism, Confucianism and Taoism. After the defeat of the Tây Sơn by the resurgent Nguyễn family in 1802, Ngô Thì Nhậm was captured and publicly flogged by a vengeful Nguyễn official, dying shortly thereafter from the injuries sustained in the beating.
# Analí Cabrera

Ana Luisa Cabrera Villarreal (21 June 1959 – 21 June 2011), known by the stage name Analí Cabrera and also as Chelita, was a Peruvian actress, vedette, athlete, and dancer. She was part of the cast of the hit comedy television program Risas y salsa [es].
Her long and distinguished career was recognized and awarded by the Ministry of Labor and Promotion of Employment.

## Biography
### Early years

Born on 21 June 1959 in Lima, Analí Cabrera was the eldest daughter of a family of 14. She belonged to the group Histrión in which, along with Adolfo Chuiman [es], she started in acting, although her first salaries were received as a café-théâtre dancer.

### 1980–1999: Risas y salsa

Cabrera jumped to fame in the sketch called El jefecito [es], starring along with Antonio Salim in the Saturday comedy program Risas y salsa [es]. She also participated in others, such as El Matrimonio, Amor imposible, and La guerra de los sexos.
She was married to Rodolfo Carrión, who played the secretary of El jefecito, for eight years.

### Healthy living

After her divorce from Carrión, Cabrera had a 12-year marriage to television producer Luis Carrizales Stoll.
With the purpose of promoting healthy living and sports, she hosted the health program Pónte en forma con Analí and founded her own gym located in San Miguel District. She had sequences on the programs Buenos días, Perú on Panamericana Televisión and Para todos on Canal A [es].

### Death

At approximately 5:35 am on 21 June 2011, her 52nd birthday, Cabrera died of breast cancer in the home of her partner's family, where she had lived for several years. After the news was made public, her followers, friends, several artists, and politicians declared their grief at her death, including the former President Alan García Pérez, who in dialogue with the press said, "We all know the profound significance this girlfriend will always have for all Peruvians. 'Chelita', a girlfriend that all Peruvians would have wanted to have." She was the partner of Havier Arboleda at the time of her death.
Her body was cremated, and then her ashes scattered on Naplo [es] beach. Crowds of people came to the crematorium Jardines de la Paz to express many signs of affection for her family.

## Filmography
### Television

* 1987: El jefecito [es] as Graciela 'Chelita' Muchotrigo
* 1988–1989: Aeróbicos con Analí
* 1993–1994: Las mil y una de Carlos Álvarez
* 1997–1999: Risas y salsa [es], under the direction of Efraín Aguilar
* 1997: Adelgace bailando con Analí
* 2005: María de los Ángeles as Verónica

### Film

* 2010: Rehenes
* 2011: La Huerta Perdida

## Theater

* 2008: Las viejas amistades
* 2009: Uno para las tres
* 2010: Sin cuenta de años
# Namahana Piʻia

Lydia Nāmāhāna Kekuaipiʻia (c. 1787 – 1829) was a wife of King Kamehameha I of Hawaii. She was the daughter of Keʻeaumoku Pāpaʻiahiahi, and her sisters Kaʻahumanu and Kalākua Kaheiheimālie were also Kamehameha's wives. Kamehameha and Kaʻahumanu later arranged Piʻia to marry Gideon Peleioholani Laʻanui, who was ten years her junior. They were married by Hiram Bingham I in a Christian ceremony.
Nāmāhāna Piʻia also served as Governor of Oahu.

## Ancestry

Ancestors of Namahana Piʻia :
# Boone Township, Dubois County, Indiana

Boone Township is one of twelve townships in Dubois County, Indiana. As of the 2010 census, its population was 799 and it contained 321 housing units.

## History

The Lemmon's Presbyterian Church was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1992.

## Geography

According to the 2010 census, the township has a total area of 33.55 square miles (86.9 km$^2$), of which 33.25 square miles (86.1 km$^2$) (or 99.11%) is land and 0.29 square miles (0.75 km$^2$) (or 0.86%) is water.

### Unincorporated towns

* Portersville

### Adjacent townships

* Reeve Township, Daviess County (north)
* Harbison Township (east)
* Bainbridge Township (southeast)
* Madison Township (south)
* Jefferson Township, Pike County (west)
* Harrison Township, Daviess County (northwest)

### Major highways

* Indiana State Road 56

### Cemeteries

The township contains two cemeteries: Bethel and Sherritt.
# Mount Gahinga

Mount Gahinga is a dormant/extinct volcano in the Virunga Mountains on the Rwanda-Uganda border. Gahinga lies between Muhabura and Sabyinyo, but is the smallest of these three valcanoes. Mount Gahinga, also known in the local Kinyarwanda/Rufumbira dialect as "a small pile of stones", has a swampy caldera on its peak. The caldera is believed to be about 180 m (591 ft) wide. Mgahinga Gorilla National Park got its name from this volcano. Mount Gahinga, whose elevation is 3,473 m (11,394 ft), is part of a chain of eight volcanic mountains of the Mufumbiro ranges. The volcano chain spans across Uganda, Rwanda and the Democratic Republic of Congo.
The vegetation across the mountain can be described as afro-montane with bamboo composing the main vegetation. Like Muhabura and Sabyinyo, the bamboo forests on Mount Gahinga are a habitat of the endangered mountain gorilla. There are several other species of animals and birds that form part of the Mount Gahinga ecosystem. The golden monkeys are notable to these.
# Amatis Trio

The Amatis Trio is a piano trio formed in 2014 in Amsterdam. It is one of the few full-time piano trios in Europe.

## Career

The ensemble was named a BBC New Generation Artist in 2016 and named in the ECHO Rising Stars in 2018 after being selected by Konzerthaus Dortmund, Elbphilharmonie Hamburg, Festspielhaus Baden-Baden and Kölner Philharmonie. In 2019, the trio was appointed Resident Chamber Ensemble at Cambridge University. The Amatis Trio now plays at major festivals such as the BBC Proms, Edingburgh International Festival and concert venues including Konzerthaus Berlin, Wigmore Hall London, Elbphilharmonie Hamburg and Alte Oper Frankfurt. The ensemble has performed Beethoven's Triple Concerto with the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra, BBC National Orchestra of Wales and Frankfurter Opern- und Museumsorchester.
In 2019, following the release of their debut CD of Enescu, Ravel and Britten, the trio was named as Gramophone magazine's "One To Watch".
Lea Hausmann and Samuel Shepherd play on a violin and cello made by Jean-Baptiste Vuillaume, loaned by Beare's Violin Society London.

## Awards

* 2015: Dutch Classical Talent
* 2016: Wigmore Hall Parkhouse Award
* 2018: BBC Radio 3 New Generation Artists
* 2019: Het Kersjes Fonds – Kersjesprijs
* 2020: Borletti-Buitoni Trust (BBT) Fellowship Award

## Discography

* 2019: Piano trios by Enescu, Ravel and Britten (CAvi Music Records)

## Members

* Lea Hausmann (violin)
* Samuel Shepherd (violoncello)
* Mengjie Han (piano)
# Static induction transistor

The static induction transistor (SIT) is a type of field-effect transistor (FET) capable of high-speed and high-power operation, with low distortion and low noise. It is a vertical structure device with short multichannel. The device was originally known as a VFET, with V being short for vertical. Being a vertical device, the SIT structure offers advantages in obtaining higher breakdown voltages than a conventional FET. For the SIT, the breakdown voltage is not limited by the surface breakdown between gate and drain, allowing it to operate at a very high current and voltage. The SIT has a current-voltage characteristic similar to a vacuum tube triode and it was therefore used in high-end audio products, including power amplifiers from Sony in the second half of the 1970s and Yamaha from 1973-1980. The Sony n-channel SIT had the model number 2SK82 with its p-channel complement named 2SJ28.

## Characteristics

A SIT has:
* short channel length
* low gate series resistance
* low gate-source capacitance
* small thermal resistance
* low noise
* low distortion
* high audio frequency power capability
* short turn-on and turn-off time, typically 0.25 μs

## History

The SIT was invented by Japanese engineers Jun-ichi Nishizawa and Y. Watanabe in 1950.
# Alexander Kwapong

Alexander Adum Kwapong, FGA (born 8 March 1927 – 9 August 2014) was a Ghanaian classicist who was Vice Chancellor of the University of Ghana from 1966 to1975.
# Analyzed Layout and Text Object

Analyzed Layout and Text Object (ALTO) is an open XML Schema developed by the EU-funded project called METAe.
The standard was initially developed for the description of text OCR and layout information of pages for digitized material. The goal was to describe the layout and text in a form to be able to reconstruct the original appearance based on the digitized information - similar to the approach of a lossless image saving operation.
ALTO is often used in combination with Metadata Encoding and Transmission Standard (METS) for the description of the whole digitized object and creation of references across the ALTO files, e.g. reading sequence description.
The standard is hosted by the Library of Congress since 2010 and maintained by the Editorial Board initialized at the same time.
In the time from the final version of the ALTO standard in June 2004 (version 1.0) ALTO was maintained by CCS CCS Content Conversion Specialists GmbH, Hamburg up to version 1.4.

## Structure

An ALTO file consists of three major sections as children of the root <alto> element:
* <Description> section contains metadata about the ALTO file itself and processing information on how the file was created.
* <Styles> section contains the text and paragraph styles with their individual descriptions:
** <TextStyle> has font descriptions
** <ParagraphStyle> has paragraph descriptions, e.g. alignment information
* <Layout> section contains the content information. It is subdivided into <Page> elements.

## Software support

* ABBYY FineReader
* eScriptorium
* Kitodo
* Tesseract OCR
* Transkribus
# Neocentrophyidae

Neocentrophyidae is a family of kinorhynchs in the class Allomalorhagida.

## Genera

* Neocentrophyes Higgins, 1969
* Paracentrophyes Higgins, 1983
# Mount High, Alabama

Mount High, also known as High Mount, High Mound, or Highmound, is an unincorporated community in Blount County, Alabama, United States, located approximately two miles west of Interstate 65 and Smoke Rise, and approximately 25 miles north of Birmingham. Mount High also is just southwest of Rickwood Caverns State Park.
# Topkapı Dagger

The Topkapı Dagger is an emerald-studded curved dagger, known as a jambiya, created in 1746 by Ottoman craftsmen to be given as a gift to the Shah of Persia.

## Commission and provenance

The dagger was commissioned by the Ottoman Sultan Mahmud I (r. 1730–54) as a peace offering to the Shah of Iran, Nadir Shah (r. 1736-47). It was among several valuable gifts that was carried by Ahmad Pasha Kesrieli, accompanied by 1,000 retainers. As the embassy traveled en route to the border of Persia, the Ottoman ambassadors learned of the assassination of the Shah (20 June 1747) and returned to Istanbul with the dagger. It is interesting to note that on the eve of his death, Nadir Shah dispatched an assemblage of splendid gifts for Mahmud I, the Ottoman sultan, including pearls from the Persian Gulf, a Mughal throne bedecked with jewels, and two dancing Mughal elephants. Since the Ottoman embassy returned to Istanbul with the gift, Nadir Shah's gift-exchange was only one-sided.
The dagger is housed in the Imperial Treasury, located in the Third Court of the Topkapı Palace in Istanbul, Türkiye.

## Description and significance

The sheath of the dagger is adorned with many smaller-sized diamonds that are rose-cut, as well as a polychrome enameled section that is decorated with baskets filled with fruit. Three large Colombian emeralds are set into the gold hilt. The pommel of the dagger has an English watch embedded that is covered by another large emerald.
In Ottoman culture, daggers and swords, along with horses, played an important role in both the military and religious spheres, reinforcing one's legitimization, authority, and leadership. This symbolic role of daggers was not limited to men, as women of high rank carried them too.
For Islam, the color green is traditionally considered the color of the Prophet Mohammed and the concept of paradise. Thus, the inclusion of emeralds on gifts to/from Islamic rulers had added significance, since the stone was imbued with a sacredness. Moreover, gifts with emeralds often indicated the wealth, power, and magnificence of the giver. Large emeralds, such as those found on the Topkapı dagger, were mined in the far away lands of the New Kingdom of Granada (now Colombia, near the town Muzo), further adding notions of otherworldliness and novelty. These large and deeply-colored green emeralds had been discovered by the Europeans after Spanish conquistador Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada's expedition and subsequent conquest of the region in the 1530s. The emeralds in the Topkapı dagger exuded exoticism and the opulence of court life in Islamic empires such as Ottomans, Safavids, and Mughals.

## Cultural depictions

The Topkapı Dagger is one of the most famous objects in the collection of the Topkapı Palace Treasury. The dagger was the main theme of Jules Dassin’s 1964 comedic film Topkapi, in which it became the desired object of the main character, played by Melina Mercouri. She, along with a group of "world-class" jewelry thieves, plot to steal the dagger from the Topkapı Palace.
# Charles Drinkwater

Charles Drinkwater may refer to:
* Charles Graham Drinkwater (1875–1946), Canadian ice hockey player, businessman and philanthropist
* Charles Drinkwater (soccer), American soccer outside left
# Alfred Hunt (politician)

Alfred Edgar Hunt (2 May 1861 – 16 August 1930), generally referred to as A. E. Hunt, was an Australian politician and a member of the New South Wales Legislative Council for 13 years.

## Early life

Hunt was born in Dural, New South Wales, the son of George Thomas Hunt, orchardist, and Elizabeth Williams. He attended Newington College whilst the school was situated at Newington House on the Parramatta River.

## Career

After school he selected land in the sheep district of Bogan Shire. He then owned Wyoming Station at Nevertire, New South Wales. In 1912 he became an executive member of the Farmers and Settlers Association, serving as president 1914–1916. He was elected president of the Graziers' Association of New South Wales in 1921, hailed as a democratization of what had been a reactionary organisation, referring to Hunt's service with the more grass-roots Farmers' and Settlers'.
For six years he was a member of the State Wool Committee and was elected president of the Australian Farmers Federal Organisation in 1930. He was president of New Settlers League from 1929 until 1930. He worked for the Far West Children's Health Scheme as honorary treasurer. Hunt was an active member of Methodist Church of Australasia serving on both NSW and Australian Conferences.