OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Montagnola

Montagnola (Italian pronunciation:) is a small Swiss village in Collina d'Oro municipality. Located in the Italian-speaking canton of Ticino, it is close to the border between Switzerland and Italy. It looks over Lake Lugano and the city of Lugano upon it. It falls within the local parish of Sant'Abbondio Gentilino.
Landmarks include the house where Hermann Hesse lived for half of his life, a house where George Harrison went for health reasons and The American School In Switzerland (TASIS), a boarding school.
Montagnola was formerly a municipality of its own, but was merged with Agra and Gentilino in 2004 to form the new municipality Collina d'Oro.

## History

Montagnola is first mentioned in 1226, as Montegnola.
The merger of several formerly separate properties of the monastery of S. Abbondio in Como in 1535, led to the establishment of the Concilium Sancti Abundii which covered not only Gentilino but the village of Montagnola with the hamlets of Viglio, Orino, Arasio, Certenago, Poporino, Barca and Scairolo. An inventory of the monastery mentioned the presence of a fortress at Arasio.
Montagnola belongs to the parish of S. Abbondio at Gentilino. The chapels in S. Silvestro in Arasio and SS Nazaro in Celso were first mentioned in 1270 and 1442 respectively.
The local economy was based on agriculture as well as emigration of architects and builders from the Gilardi, Lucchini, Berra and Camuzzi families into various European countries, especially Russia. Several of these builders were able to create major works in these foreign cities and rise to great fame. The pleasant climate and attractive location of the village attracted many illustrious personalities from abroad including the writer Hermann Hesse. A museum to the writer opened in 1997. From 1923 to 1927 it was the seat of the prestigious Officina Bodoni, the printing shop of Hans (later Giovanni) Mardersteig. Since 1956, the village has been home to an international school, The American School In Switzerland, which, in 2014, has about 700 students of various nationalities. Because of its proximity to Lugano, Montagnola is now a kind of residential suburb of the city.

## Location

The former municipality stretched over the central portion of the Collina d'Oro valley from the Bay of Agno to Pian Scairolo, and included a number of villages.
The community includes a communal pre-primary school and a communal primary school. The American School In Switzerland is located in Montagnola.
The La Biblioteca comunale di Collina d'Oro is located in Montagnola, in proximity to the communal school. The library opened in 1990.

## Historic population

The historical population is given in the following chart:
# Monalanong Hill

Monalanong Hill is a mountain often considered the highest point of Botswana, with an altitude derived from SRTM data of 1,494 metres (4,900 feet).
The Otse Hill (at a reported altitude of 1,491 metres - 4,891 feet) or the Tsodilo Hills (at an altitude of about 1,400 metres - 4,593 feet) are also often cited as the highest point in Botswana.
# Robert Needham (Haverfordwest MP)

Sir Robert Needham was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1645 to 1648.
Needham was the son of Thomas Needham of Pool Park and his wife Eleanor Bagenal, daughter of Sir Henry Bagenal and widow of Sir Robert Salisbury. He was knighted on 4 June 1630.
In September 1645, Needham was elected Member of Parliament for Haverfordwest. He was secluded from the Parliament in 1648 in Pride's Purge
Needham was married twice.
# Mordella arcuata

Mordella arcuata is a species of beetle in the genus Mordella of the family Mordellidae. It was described in 1891.
# Mordella anticelunulata

Mordella anticelunulata is a species of beetle in the genus Mordella of the family Mordellidae. It was described in 1936 in Argentina.
# Mont du Lac des Cygnes

Mont du Lac des Cygnes ("Swan Lake Mountain") is a mountain of the Jacques-Cartier Massif (Laurentian Mountains chain), located within the Grands-Jardins National Park in Quebec, Canada. Its summit culminating at 980 metres (3,220 ft) above sea level and overlooking the valley of the Rivière du Gouffre is one of the main attractions of the park.

## Toponymy

The name of the mountain comes from a lake of the same name located 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) south of it. It was used for the first time on a map of the Parc des Laurentides in 1942. As for the name of the lake, it has an obscure origin, but it would have been known since at least 1850.

## Geography

The summit of Mont du Lac des Cygnes is located in the eastern part of the Grands-Jardins National Park, almost at the limit of Saint-Urbain. The drop between the summit (981 m) and the surface of Lac des Cygnes (320 m), located below, is 660 m. This mountain is delimited between the course of the Rivière du Gouffre Sud-Ouest which passes the valley on the north side, and Le Gros Bras which passes in the valley on the south side.
The summit of the mountain once featured a forest fire observation tower, erected as a metal structure resembling the electricity towers for the transmission of electricity.
Sometimes school groups organize hikes along the path of the Tower to reach the summit. In 2007, students from the music concentration at Jean-de-Brébeuf high school gave a concert at the top of Mont du Lac-des-Cygnes. This hike was organized as part of the International Journal of Music, on October 1. Nearly 200 students from the instrumental music concentration took part in the ascent of the mountain.

## Activities

The Mont-du-Lac-des-Cygnes trail in Grands-Jardins National Park is 8.6 kilometres (5.3 mi) long and provides access to the summit. The drop is 480 metres (1,570 ft) (altitude of 480 metres (1,570 ft) at the base and 980 metres (3,220 ft) at the top). It offers a view of Lac des Cygnes, the "Astroblème de Charlevoix" (Charlevoix impact structure) and even the St. Lawrence River.
* Scenic view from the summit
* Scenic view from the summit
* Lac des Cygnes
# Megachile pseudobrevis

Megachile pseudobrevis, the southeastern little leaf-cutter bee, is a species of hymenopteran in the family Megachilidae.
# Megachile pseudofulva

Megachile pseudofulva is a species of bee in the family Megachilidae. It was described by Pasteels in 1965.
# Megachile psenopogoniaea

Megachile psenopogoniaea is a species of bee in the family Megachilidae. It was described by Moure in 1948.
# Serine 3-dehydrogenase

In enzymology, a serine 3-dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.276) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
    L-serine + NADP$^+$ $\rightleftharpoons$ 2-ammoniomalonate semialdehyde + NADPH + H$^+$
Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are L-serine and NADP$^+$, whereas its 3 products are 2-ammoniomalonate semialdehyde, NADPH, and H$^+$.
This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on the CH-OH group of donor with NAD$^+$ or NADP$^+$ as acceptor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is L-serine:NADP$^+$ 3-oxidoreductase.
# Mordella uninotata

Mordella uninotata is a species of beetle in the genus Mordella of the family Mordellidae, which is part of the superfamily Tenebrionoidea. It was discovered in 1942.
# Mormoscopa phricozona

Mormoscopa phricozona is a moth of the family Noctuidae. It is found in Australia. It was described by Alfred Jefferis Turner in 1902.
The wingspan is about 40 millimetres (1.6 in) Their wings are typically grey to brown with black scallop details.
# Seven Beaver Lake

Seven Beaver Lake is a lake in the U.S. state of Minnesota.
The lake's name comes from the Ojibwe Indians of the area, who hunted beavers near the lake.
The lake is the source of the Saint Louis River.
# Melahat Aydın

Melahat Aydın (born 14 March 1977) is a Turkish former professional basketball player. She is currently the administrative manager of the Galatasaray.

## Post-playing career

She was appointed as the administrative manager of Galatasaray Women's Basketball Team on 17 November 2021.

## Personal life

Aydın, one of the experienced managers of women's basketball, is a graduate of Çukurova University, Department of Physical Education. He is married and has two children.
# Montmollin (surname)

Montmollin is a surname. Notable people with this surname include:
* David-François de Montmollin (1721–1803), Canadian colonist and Anglican priest
* John S. Montmollin (1808–1859), American slave trader and banker
* Simone de Montmollin (born 1968), Swiss politician
* Violaine Blétry-de Montmollin, Swiss politician
# Montmoreau-Saint-Cybard

Montmoreau-Saint-Cybard (French pronunciation:) is a former commune in the Charente department in southwestern France. On 1 January 2017, it was merged into the new commune Montmoreau.
The town is overlooked by a castle that dates from the Middle Ages, and a chapel within its gardens is classified as a historic monument. While its walls date from the eleventh century, the castle was destroyed during the Hundred Years War. Today only a large gate remains of the original; the current castle was built in the 15th century in the form of a manor within the old walls. The Church of Saint-Denis, which was restored starting in the 19th century, dates from the 12th.

## Population

| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1793 | 383 | — |
| 1800 | 411 | +7.3% |
| 1806 | 429 | +4.4% |
| 1821 | 448 | +4.4% |
| 1831 | 456 | +1.8% |
| 1841 | 535 | +17.3% |
| 1846 | 591 | +10.5% |
| 1851 | 649 | +9.8% |
| 1856 | 675 | +4.0% |
| 1861 | 701 | +3.9% |
| 1866 | 699 | −0.3% |
| 1872 | 771 | +10.3% |
| 1876 | 785 | +1.8% |
| 1881 | 791 | +0.8% |
| 1886 | 797 | +0.8% |
| 1891 | 736 | −7.7% |
| 1896 | 743 | +1.0% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1901 | 780 | +5.0% |
| 1906 | 834 | +6.9% |
| 1911 | 882 | +5.8% |
| 1921 | 769 | −12.8% |
| 1926 | 800 | +4.0% |
| 1931 | 732 | −8.5% |
| 1936 | 721 | −1.5% |
| 1946 | 754 | +4.6% |
| 1954 | 772 | +2.4% |
| 1962 | 842 | +9.1% |
| 1968 | 1,099 | +30.5% |
| 1975 | 1,177 | +7.1% |
| 1982 | 1,179 | +0.2% |
| 1990 | 1,120 | −5.0% |
| 1999 | 1,052 | −6.1% |
| 2008 | 1,062 | +1.0% |
# Montmoreau

Montmoreau (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the department of Charente, southwestern France. The municipality was established on 1 January 2017 by merger of the former communes of Montmoreau-Saint-Cybard (the seat), Aignes-et-Puypéroux, Saint-Amant-de-Montmoreau, Saint-Eutrope and Saint-Laurent-de-Belzagot.
# Mellin

Mellin may refer to:
* Mellin, Saxony-Anhalt, village and a former municipality in the district Altmarkkreis Salzwedel, in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany.
* Mellin (surname), surname
* Mellin transform, in mathematics an integral transform
# Seven Nations

Seven Nations may refer to:
* Seven Nations of Canada, a historical First Nations confederacy
* Seven Nations (band), a Celtic rock band
** Seven Nations (album), a 2000 album by the band
* "Seven Nation Army", a 2003 song by the White Stripes
* Seven Nations (Bible), nations that according to the Hebrew Bible lived in the Land of Canaan prior to the arrival of the Israelites
# Morningside Drive (Manhattan)

Morningside Drive is a roughly north–south bi-directional street in the Morningside Heights neighborhood of the New York City borough of Manhattan. It runs from 110th Street in the south, where it forms the continuation of Columbus Avenue, to 122nd Street-Seminary Row in the north, which Morningside Drive becomes after turning to the west and crossing over Amsterdam Avenue.
Along the way, Morningside Drive passes the apse of the Cathedral of St. John the Divine; the Plant and Scrymser Pavilions of St. Luke's Hospital; the Eglise de Notre Dame; and several buildings owned by Columbia University, including the President's House and the East Campus dormitory. The eastern side of Morningside Drive is occupied by Morningside Park, which forms the eastern boundary of Morningside Heights, and contains a cliff that makes the construction of cross-streets impossible. The non-institutional buildings on the west side of the street are primarily apartment houses.
# Melissa Ruscoe

Melissa Jane Ruscoe MNZM (born 15 December 1976) is a New Zealand sportswoman who has served as captain of her country's national team in two different football codes: association football and rugby union.
Football career
Ruscoe made her Football Ferns debut in a 0–1 loss to Bulgaria on 24 August 1994. She finished her international career with 23 caps and 2 goals to her credit.
Rugby career
After leaving behind her international career in soccer, Ruscoe switched to rugby, joining the Canterbury team in New Zealand's women's provincial championship in 2003. As a loose forward, she made the Black Ferns the following year. She has played on Black Ferns teams that won the Churchill Cup in 2004 and the Women's Rugby World Cup in 2006, and was also named the New Zealand women's player of the year in 2005. Ruscoe captained the Black Ferns to victory in the 2010 Women's Rugby World Cup.
In the 2011 New Year Honours, Ruscoe was appointed a Member of the New Zealand Order of Merit for services to women's rugby. She has been the assistant coach of Canterbury in the Farah Palmer Cup since 2016. She currently teaches at Hillmorton High School.
# Mookgophong

Mookgophong, formerly known as Naboomspruit, is a town in the Limpopo province of South Africa. The town is located approximately 42 km north-east of Modimolle and 51 km south-west of Mokopane.

## History

It was founded on the farm Vischgat in 1907 and administered by a health committee from 1919. The name Naboomspruit is Afrikaans but derived from Khoekhoen; ‘euphorbia tree stream’, after the Euphorbia ingens which grows there. The town was officially renamed Mookgophong on the 24 November 2006, by the South African government.
# Mors submachine gun

Pistolet maszynowy wz. 39 Mors (Mors is Latin for death, Polish for walrus) was a Polish submachine gun designed by Piotr Wilniewczyc and Jan Skrzypiński between 1936 and 1938. It was to have become the standard submachine gun of the Polish Army some time in the 1940s. However, its production was halted by the 1939 Invasion of Poland and World War II.

## Design and History

The design was generally modelled after the German ERMA EMP-35. Common features of the two weapons included a wooden butt and forward pistol grip; the most noticeable difference was the magazine extending downwards in the Mors rather than to the left side of the ERMA. The SMG was to be issued to some of the infantry units, as well as to tank crews and boarding parties of the Polish Navy and armoured trains. Later the idea of equipping tank crews was abandoned due to its size. After extensive tests, the construction proved to be reliable and durable. The first trial series of 36 was ordered in March 1939 and additional purchases were planned. However, until September 1939 the Fabryka Karabinów in Warsaw produced only 39, 3 of these being the prototypes (however some sources state that up to 52 were manufactured). After the start of hostilities, all were issued to the 3rd Rifle Battalion, which used them during the battle for Warsaw, and to the staff company of the 39th Infantry Division.
Only 4 incomplete SMGs have survived: one in the Polish Army Museum in Warsaw (no.38, acquired from the Soviet Union in 1983), two in Russia (no.19 in Petersburg and no.39 in Moscow) and one in Budapest museum, since 2013 loaned to Land Forces Museum in Bydgoszcz.
# Moriah, North Carolina

Moriah is an unincorporated community in southeastern Person County, North Carolina, United States, south of Surl, and east-southeast of Timberlake.
36°15′28″N 078°49′46″W﻿ / ﻿36.25778°N 78.82944°W﻿ / 36.25778; -78.82944
# Melody at Hand

Melody at Hand is a 2007 mixed media collage by artist India Cruse-Griffin located on the Eskenazi Health campus, near downtown Indianapolis, Indiana, and is part of the Eskenazi Health Art Collection.

## Description

Melody at Hand is a 2007 mixed media collage by artist India Cruse-Griffin, which depicts a woman in a yellow dress playing a guitar, an open book lying nearby. Behind her, a fence separates her from rich green landscape and white houses. The work, which measures 37.25" x 49.25", framed, is made from collaged paper gathered from magazines, upon which Cruse-Griffin then paints, often allowing the underlying magazine paper to show through. While her subjects are often clear and straightforward, this collage technique serves as a reminder of the accumulation of lived experience.

## Historical information
### Acquisition

Melody at Hand was acquired by Eskenazi Health as part of a re-imagining of the organization's historical art collection and to support "the sense of optimism, vitality and energy" of its new campus in 2013. In response to its nationwide request for proposals, Eskenazi Health received more than 500 submissions from 39 states, which were then narrowed to 54 finalists by an independent jury. Each of the 54 proposals was assigned an area of the new hospital by Eskenazi Health's art committee and publicly displayed in the existing Wishard Hospital and online for public comment; more than 3,000 public comments on the final proposals were collected and analyzed in the final selection. Melody at Hand is credited "in honor of Greg Kelleher, Lisa E. Harris, M.D."

### Location

Melody at Hand is currently displayed in the Robert & Gina Laikin Surgery Registration & Waiting Room on the third floor of Sidney & Lois Eskenazi Hospital.

## Artist

Indiana-based artist India Cruse-Griffin received her BS in Art Education from Ball State University. She has exhibited extensively, including at the Richmond Art Museum, Indiana University East, the Northern Indiana Arts Association, Indiana State Museum and the National Black Fine Art Show held annually in New York. Her work is included in the permanent collections of the Indiana State Museum, the Indiana Governor’s Residence, Indiana University, Richmond Community Schools, the Richmond Art Museum and Reid Memorial Hospital in Richmond. Cruse-Griffin teaches art at Richmond Senior High School, where she won two Teacher of the Year awards in 2010-2011.
# Memphis Nighthawks

Memphis Nighthawks were a traditional jazz band based in Champaign, Illinois during the 1970s.

## History

Founded and led by Ron Dewar, from the School of Music at the University of Illinois, the Nighthawks performed compositions from the early days of jazz.
The band members were university music students, for the most part. Under saxophonist Dewar's direction they brought to pre-1930 jazz compositions a precision born of studying classical and modern orchestral music. They achieved a discipline that, combined with their youthful enthusiasm, distinguished them from the far looser, laid-back style of traditional jazz bands labeled as Dixieland.
One distinctive aspect of their style was the use of a bass saxophone instead of a string double bass to anchor the band's rhythm section. In this, and in their name, the Memphis Nighthawks prefigured the later Nighthawks Orchestra of New York City, led by Vince Giordano.
Personnel included Dewar on soprano saxophone and clarinet, Steve Jensen on cornet, Joel Helleny on trombone, Dave Feinman on the above-mentioned bass sax, Mike Miller on banjo and guitar and sometimes Bob Kornacher on drums.
Recordings included the albums Jazz Lips on the Delmark label and Live at the Stabilizer on Golden Crest. Delmark Records released Jazz Lips for the first time on CD in November 2009. Previously unissued takes are included.
Dewar now plays and teaches in Chicago. Miller was an active guitar and banjo player in Champaign, Illinois and died in March of 2023. Jensen died in July 1997. Feinman plays guitar and bass guitar and lives in Long Island, New York. Kornacher is in St.Louis and Helleny died in September 2009. Guy Senese, who played the first year as the guitar/banjoist, is a charter member of the Memphis Nighthawks. After leaving the band he moved to Alaska, where he taught himself cornet. He now lives in Phoenix, Arizona, and plays a cornet left to him by Ed "Doc" Kittrell, who was an inspiration to the Memphis Nighthawks.
# Mosaicity

In crystallography, mosaicity is a measure of the spread of crystal plane orientations. A mosaic crystal is an idealized model of an imperfect crystal, imagined to consist of numerous small perfect crystals (crystallites) that are to some extent randomly misoriented. Empirically, mosaicities can be determined by measuring rocking curves. Diffraction by mosaics is described by the Darwin–Hamilton equations.
The mosaic crystal model goes back to a theoretical analysis of X-ray diffraction by C. G. Darwin (1922). Currently, most studies follow Darwin in assuming a Gaussian distribution of crystallite orientations centered on some reference orientation. The mosaicity is commonly equated with the standard deviation of this distribution.

## Applications and notable materials

An important application of mosaic crystals is in monochromators for x-ray and neutron radiation. The mosaicity enhances the reflected flux, and allows for some phase-space transformation.
Pyrolitic graphite (PG) can be produced in form of mosaic crystals (HOPG: highly ordered PG) with controlled mosaicity of up to a few degrees.

## Diffraction by mosaic crystals: the Darwin–Hamilton equations

To describe diffraction by a thick mosaic crystal, it is usually assumed that the constituent crystallites are so thin that each of them reflects at most a small fraction of the incident beam. Primary extinction and other dynamical diffraction effects can then be neglected. Reflections by different crystallites add incoherently, and can therefore be treated by classical transport theory. When only beams within the scattering plane are considered, then they obey the Darwin–Hamilton equations (Darwin 1922, Hamilton 1957),
    $\mathbf {\hat {k}} _{\pm }\mathbf {\nabla } I_{\pm }=\mu I_{\mp }-(\mu +\sigma )I_{\pm },$
where $\mathbf {\hat {k}}$ are the directions of the incident and diffracted beam, $I_{\pm }$ are the corresponding currents, μ is the Bragg reflectivity, and σ accounts for losses by absorption and by thermal and elastic diffuse scattering. A generic analytical solution has been obtained remarkably late (Sears 1997; for the case σ=0 Bacon/Lowde 1948). An exact treatment must allow for three-dimensional trajectories of multiply reflected radiation. The Darwin–Hamilton equations are then replaced by a Boltzmann equation with a very special transport kernel. In most cases, resulting corrections to the Darwin–Hamilton–Sears solutions are rather small (Wuttke 2014).