OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ordinary, Virginia

Ordinary is an unincorporated community in Gloucester County, Virginia, United States. Ordinary is located along U.S. Route 17 4.5 miles (7.2 km) north of Gloucester Point. Ordinary has a post office with ZIP code 23131.
The community was named after the local ordinary (i.e. public dining hall). Woodville School was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2004.
# Phong Châu (disambiguation)

Phong Châu was the capital of Vietnam for the most part of the Hồng Bàng dynasty.
Phong Châu may also refer to:
* Phong Châu (ward) [vi], a ward of Phú Thọ town in Phú Thọ Province
* Phong Châu, Phù Ninh [vi], a township and capital of Phù Ninh District in Phú Thọ Province
* Phong Châu, Cao Bằng [vi], a rural commune of Trùng Khánh District
* Phong Châu, Thái Bình [vi], a rural commune of Đông Hưng District
* Phong Châu District [vi], a former district of Vĩnh Phú Province
# Rancho Feeding Corporation

Rancho Feeding Corporation was a slaughterhouse in Petaluma, California. The facility halted operations in February 2014, after several recalls of beef, including one amounting to 8.7 million pounds. The recalled beef had been processed between January 2013 and January 2014, and may have reached up to 35 states. The United States Department of Agriculture had alleged that Rancho processed diseased animals and circumvented federal inspection rules. The facility was then sold to new owners, who, after overhauling the slaughterhouse, began processing cattle and hogs in April 2014. On August 18, 2014, a federal grand jury indicted two former owners and two employees of the facility on felony charges, including slaughtering cows with "cancer eye" when inspectors were temporarily not present. The 1906 Federal Meat Inspection Act requires USDA inspectors to be present during all stages of slaughterhouse operations.
# Behompy

Behompy is a rural municipality in Madagascar. It belongs to the district of Toliara II, which is a part of Atsimo-Andrefana Region. The population of the commune was estimated to be approximately 7,000 in 2001 commune census.
Primary and junior level secondary education are available in town. The majority 90% of the population of the commune are farmers, while an additional 7% receives their livelihood from raising livestock. The most important crops are maize and beans; also cassava is an important agricultural product. Services provide employment for 3% of the population.
In 2007 only 33.7 of the children of this municipality had been scolarized.
# Lasioglossum oblongum

Lasioglossum oblongum is a species of sweat bee in the family Halictidae.
# Pyrgulina cambodgiensis

Pyrgulina cambodgiensis is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Pyramidellidae, the pyrams, and their allies.

## Distribution

This marine species appears in the Gulf of Thailand.
# Liaoningornis

Liaoningornis (meaning "bird of Liaoning" in Greek) is a genus of bird from Lower Cretaceous China. It was collected from the dinosaur-bearing beds of the Sihetun locality, of the Yixian Formation, Shangyuan, near the city of Beipiao in Liaoning province. The only known species is Liaoningornis longidigitris. It was described by Linhai Hou in 1996 and 1997.
The single fossil is an incomplete semi-articulated skeleton the size of a sparrow. It includes both feet, the right leg, the sternum, part of the right arm, and fragmentary coracoids and pubes. Its accession number is IVPP11303. It is in the collection of the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology in Beijing. It has advanced flight, perching, and respiratory adaptations like a long, deeply keeled sternum, a pair of anterolateral processes on the sternum near the articulations with the coracoids, fused, short, metatarsals, and highly curved pedal claws indicating good perching ability. Hou et al. (1996) described the metatarsals as fused only distally, but Zhou and Hou (2002) revised this analysis, finding that the metatarsus was fused distally and proximally, but not along most of the length.
Zhou and Hou in 2002 considered Liaoningornis to be the oldest known member of the Ornithurae. However, a 2012 re-analysis by Jingmai O'Connor showed that it was in fact an enantiornithine similar to Eoalulavis.
# Mary Alice Scully

Mary Alice Scully (1902-1978) was an American screenwriter active during the 1920s.

## Biography

Mary Alice was born in Lowell, Massachusetts, to Phillip Scully and Mary Ahearn. She attended Ten-Acre School and Dana Hall before going off to Wellesley; she left without a degree in order to take care of her sick mother.
The pair headed west to California for her mother's health, where Mary Alice studied shorthand, won typing awards, opened a public stenographer service, served as secretary to Christine Wetherill Stevenson, and eventually gained work at a film studio.
Eventually she got the chance to work on her own screenplays and adaptations; by 1925, she had sold four scripts to First National and six more to other studios. She formed a collaboration with Arthur F. Statter, secretary of the Screen Writers Guild.
In 1928, she married actor and screenwriter Pierre Gendron in Riverside, California. The pair had two children, Peter and Diane. She seems to have retired from filmmaking at this point.

## Filmography

* The Mine with the Iron Door (1924)
* The Re-Creation of Brian Kent (1925)
* One Way Street (1925)
* Stella Maris (1925)
* Brooding Eyes (1926)
* Whispering Canyon (1926)
* A Hero on Horseback (1927) (adaptation)
# Oral exam

The oral exam (also oral test or viva voce; Rigorosum in German-speaking nations) is a practice in many schools and disciplines in which an examiner poses questions to the student in spoken form. The student has to answer the question in such a way as to demonstrate sufficient knowledge of the subject to pass the exam. The oral exam also helps reduce (although it does not eliminate) the risk of granting a degree to a candidate who has had the thesis or dissertation ghostwritten by an expert.

## Overview

Many science programs require students pursuing a bachelor's degree to finish the program by taking an oral exam or a combination of oral and written exams to show how well a student has understood the material studied in the program. Usually, study guides or a syllabus are made available so that the students may prepare for the exam by reviewing practice questions and topics likely to be on the exam. There is a small but growing body of literature on the use of oral examinations in undergraduate education in the English speaking world.
Some medical schools use oral exams for second and third year students to test knowledge but also the ability to respond on the spot. Students are required to take an oral exam prior to being awarded a PhD. Some universities allow the option of either taking written and oral exams or completing a project or thesis, but occasionally, all three are required for graduation. Oral exams are distinct from a defense of a thesis in that the questions in the latter are more narrow and specific to the topic of the thesis.
Graduate students are sometimes allowed to choose their examiners for oral exams.
Sometimes, the oral exam is offered in schools as an alternative to a written exam for students with a learning disability, like dysgraphia, developmental coordination disorder, or non-verbal learning disorder. Often parents of the students have to request that the oral exam be given to their child in lieu of the written exam.
A Private Pilot Oral Exam is also required as part of the FAA and CAA practical test for prospective pilots. An oral exam is also carried out by the Maritime and Coastguard Agency in the UK for the purpose of issuing certificate of competencies for Merchant Navy deck and engine officers.
The viva voce is a component of music diploma examinations administered by ABRSM, Trinity College of Music and London College of Music. Candidates are posed a series of questions by the examiner about their chosen pieces, the composer and musical era. Depending on exam board, candidates may also be required to do a short writeup on their pieces.
# Piedicolle

Piedicolle is a frazione of the comune of Collazzone in the Province of Perugia, Umbria, central Italy. It stands at an elevation of 324 metres above sea level. At the time of the Istat census of 2001 it had 115 inhabitants.
# Behounekia

Behounekia is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.
# Lasioglossum nigroviride

Lasioglossum nigroviride is a species of sweat bee in the family Halictidae.
# Phaeosclerotinia

Phaeosclerotinia is a genus of fungi in the family Sclerotiniaceae.
# List of ship commissionings in 1978

The list of ship commissionings in 1978 includes a chronological list of all ships commissioned in 1978.
| | Operator | Ship | Flag | Class and type | Pennant | Other notes |
| 9 January | Birka Line | Prinsessan | Finland | Ferry | | Former Finnhansa with Finnlines |
| 16 January | Sessan Linjen | Fennia | Finland | Ferry | | Chartered from Svea Line (Finland) |
| February | Kefalliniki Sa | Ainos | Greece | Ferry | | Ex-Manic with La Traverse Nord-Sud Ltd |
| 15 March | Imperial Iranian Navy | Khadang | | Kaman-class fast attack craft | P223 | |
| 23 March | Imperial Iranian Navy | Joshan | | Kaman-class fast attack craft | P225 | |
| 31 March | Imperial Iranian Navy | Paykan | | Kaman-class fast attack craft | P224 | |
| 31 March | Imperial Iranian Navy | Falakhon | | Kaman-class fast attack craft | P226 | |
| 31 March | Imperial Iranian Navy | Shamshir | | Kaman-class fast attack craft | P227 | |
| 3 April | Minoan Lines | Knossos | Greece | Ferry | | Former Saga with Swedish Lloyd |
| 24 April | Svea Line (Finland) | Fennia | Finland | Ferry | | In Silja Line traffic |
| 10 May | Polferries | Rogalin | Poland | Ferry | | Ex-Aallotar chartered by Polferries from Effoa |
| 13 May | DFDS Seaways | Dana Anglia | Denmark | Ferry | | |
| 9 June | P&O Normandy Ferries | nf Tiger | United Kingdom | Ferry | | Ex-Katteget with Jydsk Færgefart A/S |
| 22 August | Imperial Iranian Navy | Gorz | | Kaman-class fast attack craft | P228 | |
| 1 September | Stena Line | Stena Oceanica | Sweden | Ferry | | Former Patricia with Swedish Lloyd. Heavily rebuilt before entered service. |
| 26 October | Royal Netherlands Navy | Kortenaer | | Kortenaer-class frigate | F807 | |
| 11 September | Imperial Iranian Navy | Gardouneh | | Kaman-class fast attack craft | P229 | |
| 9 November | Stena Line | Stena Baltica | Sweden | Ferry | | Former Peer Günt with Aarhus-Oslo Linie |
# Rumination

Rumination may refer to:
* Rumination, the digestive process of ruminants
** Rumination syndrome, a chronic condition characterized by effortless regurgitation of most meals following consumption
* Deep thought or consideration
** Rumination (psychology), contemplation or reflection, which may become persistent and recurrent worrying or brooding
** Ruminations, an email column and series of books written by comedian Aaron Karo
** Ruminations (album), a 2016 album by American musician Conor Oberst
# Rudolph, South Dakota

Rudolph is an unincorporated community in Brown County, in the U.S. state of South Dakota.

## History

Rudolph was laid out in 1881. It was named for H. Rudolph McCullough, a railroad official. A post office called Rudolph was established in 1883, and remained in operation until it was discontinued in 1908.
# Phil Dusenberry

Philip Bernard Dusenberry (April 28, 1936 – December 29, 2007) was an American advertising executive for the BBDO advertising agency.
Dusenberry was born in Brooklyn, New York City in 1936, and attended Midwood High School in Brooklyn and then Emory & Henry College in Virginia. He gained his first experience in advertising when he was working as a radio announcer, and was asked to fill in for the station's usual ad copywriter. He joined the New York advertising agency BBDO in 1962 as a junior copywriter, and in 1980 he became the agency's executive creative director. When he retired in 2002, he was Chairman of BBDO North America.
Dusenberry was well known for his work with one of his major clients, the soft drink giant Pepsi. He devised the advertising slogan "The Choice of a New Generation", and was instrumental in casting celebrities in Pepsi's high-profile advertisements, including Lionel Richie, Don Johnson, Madonna and Michael J. Fox. Dusenberry was overseeing the production of an infamous Pepsi commercial starring Michael Jackson in which Jackson's hair accidentally caught fire when a smoke effect misfired. Dusenberry referred to the incident in the title of his 2005 book, Then We Set His Hair on Fire: Insights and Accidents from a Hall of Fame Career in Advertising (ISBN 1591840821).
Dusenberry also dabbled in the film business, co-writing with Roger Towne the script for the baseball movie The Natural which starred Robert Redford.
In 1984, Dusenberry wrote and directed documentaries for then President Ronald Reagan and First Lady Nancy Reagan. The films aired on national television and used the line 'It's Morning Again in America'.
In 2002, he retired as chairman of BBDO, and was inducted into the American Advertising Federation Hall of Fame.
He died of lung cancer at his Manhattan home on December 29, 2007.
# Piedecuesta

Piedecuesta (Spanish pronunciation:, officially Villa de San Carlos del Pie de la Cuesta) is a city and municipality in the Santander Department in northeastern Colombia, South America. The city has a population of about 150,000. It is part of the metropolitan zone of Bucaramanga, which is the fifth largest urban area of Colombia by population.

## Geography

Piedecuesta is situated in the Rio de Oro valley. One of its most notable landmarks is the Cantera's Hill, on top of which sits a large statue of the Virgin Mary (known locally as Cantera's virgin). Other landmarks include Guatiguara's valley, the Saints' Plateau, part of Chicamocha Canyon, and Ruitoque Plateau.

## Economy

Piedecuesta is an important agricultural area; some products are Castilla blackberries (major national producer), tobacco (a traditional product since the Spanish Colonial Era), Tahitian lime (one of the largest national producers), and sugar cane (the town remains a major panela producer).
The town is a major service center and owns the most develop-able land of a metropolitan city. Piedecuesta also contains multiple rivers within its boundaries, such as the Gold River, the Manco River, and the Hato River.
Recent developments include: Ruitoque Plateau, which offers golf courses and high level condominiums; the Valley of Menzuly, which will soon include an international hospital; and The Saints' Plateau, a tourist destination.
Industrial development in Piedecuesta has seen recent surges with the expansion of large companies into the area. These companies include ICP(Colombian Institute of Petroleum) and UIS Guatiguará (a high-level research center of the Industrial University of Santander).

## Tourism

The Saints' Plateau landscape includes several waterfalls and views of Chicamocha Canyon.
Holy Week: As most citizens of Piedecuesta are of the Catholic faith, this day is traditionally spent visiting religious monuments such as the virgin of the Cantera's Hill, the Mountain of Hermits, and the procession of Nazarene into the main streets.
Liberty Park lies in the center of the town and is surrounded by several buildings, including the San Francisco Javier church (which was built with red stone from the Cantera's Hill) and the Perpetuo Socorro church (the first church of the town). The presence of two large churches in a town of this size is unusual in Colombia.
The Municipal Palace is an ancient building of the local government.
# Rose Bikes

ROSE is a producer of bicycles and equipment from Germany.

## History

At the beginning of the 20th century, in the year 1907, Heinrich Rose founded the first bicycle shop in the Westphalian city of Bocholt. In 1932, Heinrich Rose, Jr., took over the management and opened a bicycle shop in the city, consisting of 30 square metres. To get affluent clientele the shop applied the slogan “The price is cheapest in the smallest shop.” During winter most of ROSEs business consisted of selling Dürkopp sewing machines. In 1970, Heinrich’s sons Erwin und Walter took over the management of ROSE.
In 1982, the first printed catalogue was published in black and white with 64 pages and a print run of 4,000 copies. In the 1990s, ROSE’s mail order business grew and the company moved into its new premises at Schersweide 4, which offered 3,800m² of space for storage, commissioning and the shipping of parcels, for bike assembly, administration and catalogue production. The mail order business employed 55 staff, while a further 20 staff worked in the shop. After 2000 ROSE opened the “biketown” in Bocholt with over 6,000 m² and set a new benchmark.
Today ROSE Bikes has 227 employees and a turnover of 60 million euros. Since 2014 there is also a “BIKETOWN” with 300 square metres in Munich, which was honored with the “Stores of the year Award” by the German trade union.

## Sponsoring

ROSE sponsors the following riders and teams:
* Team Stölting Service Group
* ROSE Vaujany ultraSPORTS
* LKT-Team-Brandenburg
* Team Roseversand Bocholter WSV
* Roseteam Münsterland
* Roseteam NRW
* Rose Factory Racing Team (Mountain bike)
* Rad-net Rose Team (Continental Team)
* Bobby Root and Jakub Vencl (Freerider)
* Mareen Hufe (Triathlete)
* Laura Lindemann (Triathlete)
* Marcel Kittel (retired professional cyclist)
# Gadhakda

Gadhakda is a village in Savarkundla tehsil in the Amreli district of Indian state Gujarat. Gadhakda was formerly under the control of Junagadh State. Although it is now a part of the Amreli district, it was once a part of the Bhavnagar district.

## History

History of Gadhakda village goes back 300 years. Gadhakda is located in Savarkundla tahsil of Amreli district. Before independence it was under the control of the Princely State of Junagadh. Later after the integration of Junagadh in India due to its geographical location, Gadhakda became a part of the Bhavnagar district and now for the past decade, Gadhakda has been incorporated into the administrative auspices of the Amreli district.
After 12:01 AM to close the main gate of village. Nowadays that main gate is not available. Gadhakda and near village Ramgadh are combine with Pakistan because, Gadhakda village in authority of Junagadh king. Gadhkda is near by Savarkundla Taluka.

## Demographics

The population of the village is around 15,000.

## Economy

Apart from agriculture, employment opportunities for people in the village are primarily in diamond polishing.

## Location

The Gadhakda railway station is located 3 km from the main village and falls on the Dhola - Mahuva railway line, in western zone of Indian Railways . This railway line was originally built in 1923 by Bhavnagar State Railway. Gadhakda is connected to Ramgadh, Likhala, Vijpadi, Badhada, Savarkundla, Jinjuda, Ganeshgadh and Kalyanpur by road. The nearest airport to Ghadhakda is Bagdana.
Though Kalyanpur is still a part of Gadhakada village, formally Ganeshgadh and Ramgadh was also a part of this village but after separate Gram Panchayat, both village are now not a part of Gadhakada

## Temples

The many Ashrams and temples located in the village are the main attractions. Temple of lord Shiva is located at the bank of the river Fulzer. Temple of Ashapura Mata is located in the center of the village.
Many Hanuman temples, ashrams and two Ramji Mandir, and other of Swaminarayan temples are also located in the village. Though the village is not highly developed, due to its interior location, it is the main village in Savarkundla Taluk and is surrounded in the midst of a picturesque natural environment.

## Education

Primary and secondary schools (providing education up to the 10th grade) are functioning in this village.
# Osterfeld

Osterfeld is a town in the Burgenlandkreis district, in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. It is situated southeast of Naumburg. It is part of the Verbandsgemeinde ("collective municipality") Wethautal. On 1 January 2010 it absorbed the former municipalities Goldschau, Heidegrund and Waldau.

## Climate

Climate data for Osterfeld (1991–2020 normals) :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 3.4 (38.1) | 4.8 (40.6) | 9.3 (48.7) | 14.3 (57.7) | 18.2 (64.8) | 21.8 (71.2) | 24.8 (76.6) | 24.4 (75.9) | 19.4 (66.9) | 14.0 (57.2) | 7.9 (46.2) | 4.3 (39.7) | 14.2 (57.6) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 2.1 (35.8) | 2.1 (35.8) | 4.3 (39.7) | 7.8 (46.0) | 12.1 (53.8) | 15.7 (60.3) | 18.0 (64.4) | 18.0 (64.4) | 14.9 (58.8) | 10.8 (51.4) | 6.5 (43.7) | 3.6 (38.5) | 9.7 (49.5) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −1.6 (29.1) | −1.3 (29.7) | 1.3 (34.3) | 4.2 (39.6) | 8.1 (46.6) | 11.4 (52.5) | 13.6 (56.5) | 13.7 (56.7) | 10.0 (50.0) | 6.5 (43.7) | 2.4 (36.3) | −0.4 (31.3) | 5.8 (42.4) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 32.2 (1.27) | 24.8 (0.98) | 36.5 (1.44) | 31.6 (1.24) | 58.8 (2.31) | 58.4 (2.30) | 79.9 (3.15) | 65.1 (2.56) | 59.4 (2.34) | 39.8 (1.57) | 45.3 (1.78) | 37.4 (1.47) | 581.7 (22.90) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 16.6 | 13.3 | 15.2 | 10.2 | 13.9 | 13.9 | 13.9 | 13.5 | 12.4 | 13.6 | 14.5 | 17.3 | 169.2 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 83.7 | 79.9 | 76.0 | 69.0 | 72.4 | 72.7 | 69.2 | 69.0 | 74.1 | 80.9 | 84.9 | 85.2 | 76.4 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 64.3 | 82.7 | 133.7 | 197.7 | 218.6 | 226.0 | 232.0 | 216.9 | 164.5 | 117.9 | 67.7 | 54.9 | 1,822.2 |
| Source: World Meteorological Organization ||||||||||||||

## Notable people

* Günther Prien (1908-1941), World War II U-boat commander
# List of chess historians

This is a list of chess historians.

## Chess historians

* Yuri Averbakh
* Henry Bird
* Ricardo Calvo (October 22, 1943 – September 26, 2002)
* Hiram Cox
* G. H. Diggle
* David Vincent Hooper
* Willard Fiske
* Professor Duncan Forbes
* Jeremy Gaige
* Ann Gunter
* Tim Harding (chess player)
* H. F. W. Holt
* Thomas Hyde (29 June 1636 – 18 February 1703)
* Sir William Jones (September 28, 1746 – April 27, 1794)
* Garry Kasparov
* Baron von der Lasa
* David H. Li
* Antonius van der Linde
* A. A. Macdonell
* H. J. R. Murray (June 24, 1868 – May 16, 1955)
* Joseph Needham
* A. v. Oefele
* M. E. V. Savenkof
* F. Strohmeyer
* Olimpiu G. Urcan
* Bo Utas
* John Griswold White
* Ken Whyld (6 March 1926 – 11 July 2003)
* William Henry Wilkinson
* Edward Winter
* Emilia Castelao, her studies focus on chess as a tool in diplomacy
# Purple Crow Lidar

The Purple Crow Lidar is a powerful lidar (laser radar) that emits pulses of intensely bright light. The bright light scatters off air molecules, and the reflections are collected by a large telescope.

## Telescope

The telescope is formed by rotating liquid mercury at 10 r.p.m. in a 2.65-m diameter container. This liquid mirror technology has been made and developed at Université Laval in Québec City. Such rotating measurement allow air density, pressure, temperature, and composition to be measured. Which can be useful to collect data for global warming and weather prediction.

## Weather prediction

This chart is used to determine and predict the weather at Purple Crow Lidar Facility in London Ontario for astronomical observing.

## Location

The Purple Crow operates from the Echo Base Observatory located at Western's Environmental Science Field Station located near London, Ontario, Canada.

## People in charge

The Purple Crow Lidar research project is headed by Professor Robert J. Sica in the Physics Department at UWO London Ontario. Its main support comes from the Natural Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC).