# List of nonreligious Nobel laureates

This list of nonreligious Nobel laureates comprises laureates of the Nobel Prize who have self-identified as atheist, agnostic, freethinker, or otherwise nonreligious at some point in their lives.
Many of these laureates earlier identified with a religion. In an estimate by Baruch Shalev, between 1901 and 2000, about 10.5% of all laureates, and 35% of those in literature, fall in this category. According to the same estimate, between 1901 and 2000, atheists, agnostics, and freethinkers won 8.9% of the prizes in medicine, 7.1% in chemistry, 5.2% in economics, 4.7% in physics, and 3.6% in peace. Alfred Nobel himself was an atheist later in life.
Shalev's book lists many Jewish atheists, agnostics, and freethinkers as religiously Jewish. For example, Milton Friedman, Roald Hoffmann, Richard Feynman, Niels Bohr, Élie Metchnikoff, and Rita Levi-Montalcini are listed as religiously Jewish; however, while they were ethnically and perhaps culturally Jewish, they did not believe in a God and self-identified as atheists.

## Physics

| Year | Laureate | Reference |
| 2000 | Zhores Alferov | |
| 1977 | Philip Warren Anderson | |
| 1956, 1972 | John Bardeen | |
| 1967 | Hans Bethe | |
| 1948 | Patrick Blackett | |
| 1981 | Nicolaas Bloembergen | |
| 1922 | Niels Bohr | |
| 1946 | Percy Williams Bridgman | |
| 1929 | Louis de Broglie | |
| 1935 | James Chadwick | |
| 1903 | Marie Curie | |
| 1903 | Pierre Curie | |
| 1933 | Paul Dirac | |
| 1921 | Albert Einstein | [2][15] [note 1] |
| 1938 | Enrico Fermi | |
| 1965 | Richard Feynman | |
| 1980 | Val Logsdon Fitch | |
| 1925 | James Franck | |
| 1969 | Murray Gell-Mann | |
| 2002 | Riccardo Giacconi | |
| 1973 | Ivar Giaver | |
| 2003 | Vitaly Ginzburg | |
| 1979 | Sheldon Glashow | |
| 2005 | Roy J. Glauber | |
| 2004 | David J. Gross | |
| 2012 | Serge Haroche | |
| 2013 | Peter Higgs | |
| 2002 | Masatoshi Koshiba | |
| 2016 | J. Michael Kosterlitz | |
| 2000 | Herbert Kroemer | |
| 1962 | Lev Landau | |
| 1988 | Leon M. Lederman | |
| 2019 | Michel Mayor | |
| 1907 | Albert A. Michelson | |
| 2010 | Konstantin Novoselov | |
| 2019 | Jim Peebles | |
| 1926 | Jean Baptiste Perrin | |
| 2019 | Didier Queloz | |
| 1944 | Isidor Isaac Rabi | |
| 2011 | Brian Schmidt | |
| 1933 | Erwin Schrödinger | |
| 1956 | William Shockley | |
| 1988 | Jack Steinberger | |
| 1958 | Igor Tamm | |
| 2017 | Kip Thorne | |
| 1910 | Johannes Diderik van der Waals | |
| 1999 | Martinus J. G. Veltman | |
| 1979 | Steven Weinberg | |
| 1963 | Eugene Wigner | |
| 2020 | Roger Penrose | |

## Chemistry

| Year | Laureate |
| 1903 | Svante Arrhenius |
| 1997 | Paul D. Boyer |
| 1975 | John Cornforth |
| 1911 | Marie Curie |
| 1935 | Frédéric Joliot-Curie |
| 1935 | Irène Joliot-Curie |
| 1985 | Herbert A. Hauptman |
| 1981 | Roald Hoffmann |
| 1996 | Harold W. Kroto |
| 1987 | Jean-Marie Lehn |
| 1978 | Peter D. Mitchell |
| 1994 | George Andrew Olah |
| 1909 | Wilhelm Ostwald |
| 1954 | Linus Pauling |
| 1962 | Max Perutz |
| 1958 | Frederick Sanger |
| 2011 | Dan Shechtman |
| 2018 | George Smith |
| 1993 | Michael Smith |
| 1934 | Harold Urey |

## Physiology or Medicine

| Year | Laureate |
| 1970 | Julius Axelrod |
| 1914 | Robert Bárány |
| 1958 | George Beadle |
| 1989 | J. Michael Bishop |
| 2002 | Sydney Brenner |
| 1962 | Francis Crick |
| 1974 | Christian de Duve |
| 1945 | Howard Florey |
| 1906 | Camillo Golgi |
| 1929 | Frederick Gowland Hopkins |
| 1963 | Andrew Huxley |
| 1965 | François Jacob |
| 2003 | Paul Lauterbur |
| 1907 | Charles Louis Alphonse Laveran |
| 1986 | Rita Levi-Montalcini |
| 1960 | Sir Peter Medawar |
| 1908 | Élie Metchnikoff |
| 1965 | Jacques Monod |
| 1946 | Hermann Joseph Muller |
| 2001 | Paul Nurse |
| 1904 | Ivan Pavlov |
| 1993 | Richard J. Roberts |
| 2017 | Michael Rosbash |
| 2002 | John Sulston |
| 1937 | Albert Szent-Györgyi |
| 1973 | Nikolaas Tinbergen |
| 1967 | George Wald |
| 1962 | James Watson |

## Economics

| Year | Laureate |
| 1976 | Milton Friedman |
| 1994 | John Harsanyi |
| 1974 | Friedrich Hayek |
| 1994 | John Forbes Nash, Jr. |
| 1994 | Reinhard Selten |
| 1998 | Amartya Sen |
| 1978 | Herbert A. Simon |

## Peace

| Year | Laureate | Reference |
| 1933 | Norman Angell | |
| 1908 | Klas Pontus Arnoldson | $^{:151}$ |
| 1990 | Mikhail Gorbachev | |
| 1962 | Linus Pauling | |
| 1995 | Joseph Rotblat | |
| 1975 | Andrei Sakharov | |
| 1986 | Elie Wiesel | |
| 1973 | Lê Đức Thọ | |

## Literature

| Year | Laureate | Reference |
| 1969 | Samuel Beckett | |
| 1903 | Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson | |
| 1957 | Albert Camus | |
| 1997 | Dario Fo | |
| 1932 | John Galsworthy | |
| 1991 | Nadine Gordimer | |
| 1971 | Pablo Neruda | |
| 1936 | Eugene O'Neill | $^{:125}$ |
| 2005 | Harold Pinter | |
| 1950 | Bertrand Russell | |
| 1998 | José Saramago | |
| 1964 | Jean-Paul Sartre | |
| 1925 | George Bernard Shaw | $^{:125}$ |
| 1986 | Wole Soyinka | |
| 1962 | John Steinbeck | |
| 1996 | Wisława Szymborska | |
| 2018 | Olga Tokarczuk | |
| 2000 | Gao Xingjian | |