OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Traeth Mawr Loop

Traeth Mawr Loop was a short-lived terminus during the restoration of the Welsh Highland Railway (WHR). The run-around loop was located within Traeth Mawr just the north of Porthmadog, Wales. It operated during 2007 before being replaced by the new mainline a year later.
Track laying to Traeth Mawr was completed by the Welsh Highland Railway by November 2006, making it the northern limit of the WHR from Porthmadog. The terminus, which had a run-around loop, opened to passengers services on 23 March 2007. Passengers were unable to board or alight at Traeth Mawr. The last public service was on 28 October 2007. Although WHR ran push-pull services to a point just south of Farmyard Farm Crossing, for some time afterwards.
After closure, the Traeth Mawr loop was removed in order to construct the WHR's new main line building southwards. On 31 August 2008, the final length of track from Caernarfon was laid at the location of the former loop. The line from Pen-y-mount to Traeth Mawr was removed from operational service at the end of the 2008 season.
In 2009 construction of the Welsh Highland Railway from Caernarfon was continued through this stretch with Subscribers' trains from Caernarfon passing through the site of the loop in autumn 2009, and again through to Porthmadog Harbour on 31 October 2010. Regular passenger trains on the completed line through the former site of the Traeth Mawr Loop re-commenced from Porthmadog Harbour on 4 January 2011.
| Preceding station | Heritage railways | Heritage railways | Heritage railways | Following station |
| Pont Croesor | | Welsh Highland Railway | | Pen-y-Mount station |
# Nanu Oya railway station

The Nanu Oya railway station is the 63rd station on the Main Line, and is 206.9 km (128.6 mi) away from Colombo. All trains including Podi Menike and Udarata Menike express trains service the station. The station was a junction and branching point for the Udupussallawa narrow gauge railway line connecting Nanu Oya with Ragala via Nuwara Eliya.
The original train station was built in 1885 as the terminus of the main line, as part of the 31 km (19 mi) rail line connecting Hatton to Nanu Oya. In 1893 the railway line was extended from Nanu Oya to Bandarawela and in 1903 the station became a junction station when Udupussallawa railway line was constructed. In 1948 the government decided to close the Udapussellawa railway due to low traffic and the tracks were completely removed.

## Continuity

| Preceding station | Sri Lanka Railways | Following station |
| Great Western | Main Line | Ambewela |
# No. 7 Bayonet

The No. 7 Bayonet was a bayonet primarily used with the Sten Mk V submachine gun. However, it could be used on the No. 4 Lee-Enfield, but only for ceremonial purposes as the bayonet obstructed the path of the .303 round fired from the gun.

## Design

The No. 7 bayonet was an advanced design that could be configured as either a blade or socket type bayonet, and could also be used as a fighting knife. It was intended to replace the No. 4 Bayonet in service and used the blade of the No. 5 Bayonet.

## Production

The design was finalized by Wilkinson Sword, who made 1,000 in 1944. The No. 7 bayonet went into mass production in 1945 and stayed in production for a short time post-war. As a majority of production of this design was post-war, it was mainly produced by government weapons factories due to spare capacity at the end of the war. The majority were made by the Royal Ordnance Factory, Newport who made 100,000. The Royal Ordanance Factory Poole made 30,000. Birmingham Small Arms Company, the famous weapons company who manufactured the Besa machine gun and Welrod Silenced pistol, made 25,000. One producer, which was not a weapons company, was Elkington & Co., traditionally a maker of silver products, made 20,000. Overall, 176,000 No. 7 bayonets were produced.
# HMS Rapid (1804)

HMS Rapid was an Archer-class (1804 batch) gun-brig of 12 guns, launched in 1804. She took part in April 1808 in one action that in 1847 the Admiralty recognized with a clasp to the Naval General Service Medal. In May 1808 cannon fire from a shore battery sank her.

## Career

Lieutenant Thomas Gwillim commissioned Rapid in November 1804. During the blockade of Brest, on 30 May 1805 Rapid was near the Penmarks where Gwillim observed several small vessels anchored under the protection of a battery. Gwillim sent in a boat that was able to cut out the chasse maree Paix Désirée, which was carrying a cargo of salt. The other French vessels moved closer to the battery, which kept firing at Rapid's boat.
Lieutenant Henry Baugh replaced Gwillim on 2 January 1806. In May Rapid sent into Plymouth the Prussian vessel Edward, Drawse, master, which had been sailing from St Andero. On 26 October Pilchard was in sight of Rapid as she captured the brig Conductor.
In late February or early March 1807, the Spanish schooner St Domingo, carrying fish, arrived at Falmouth. She was a prize to Rapid. In mid-December Rapid sent the Spanish vessel San Pedro Pascual into Plymouth. San Pedro Pascual was carrying a cargo of salt.
On 23 April 1808, Grasshopper, Commander Thomas Searle, and Rapid encountered two Spanish vessels from South America, sailing under the protection of four gunboats. After a short chase, the convoy anchored under the guns of a shore battery near Faro, Portugal. Searle anchored Grasshopper within grapeshot (i.e., short) range of the Spanish vessels and commenced firing. After two and a half hours, the gun crews of the shore battery had abandoned their guns, and the British had driven two gunboats ashore and destroyed them. The British also captured two gunboats and the two merchant vessels. Grasshopper had one man killed and three severely wounded. Searle himself was lightly wounded. Rapid had three men severely wounded. Spanish casualties were heavy, numbering some 40 dead and wounded on the two captured gunboats alone. Searle put 14 of the wounded on shore to Faro as he did not have the resources to deal with them as well as his own casualties. Searle estimated the value of the cargo on each of the two merchant vessels at £30,000. This action also resulted in the Admiralty awarding clasps to the Naval General Service Medal marked "Grasshopper 24 April 1808" and "Rapid 24 April 1808".

## Loss

On 18 May 1808, Rapid was cruising off Cape St. Vincent in company with Primrose. They saw and chased two merchant feluccas that took shelter under the protection of a shore battery. The British decided to try to cut out the feluccas nonetheless, with Rapid leading the way. Fire from the battery struck Rapid, opening two holes in her bow so that she filled quickly with water. Still, that evening Primrose was able to save Rapid's entire crew. The subsequent court martial praised Bough for his zeal and gallantry.
# Newark Township, Licking County, Ohio

Newark Township is one of the 25 townships of Licking County, Ohio, United States. As of the 2020 census the population was 2,175.

## Geography

Located in the center of the county, it borders the following townships and city:
* Newton Township - north
* Mary Ann Township - northeast corner
* Madison Township - east
* Newark - south
* Granville Township - west
Most of the original extent of the township is occupied by the city of Newark, the county seat of Licking County, and the southern edge is now part of the city of Heath; the only remaining parts are the northeastern and northwestern corners of the original township, along with several enclaves of Newark.

## Name and history

It is the only Newark Township statewide.

## Government

The township is governed by a three-member board of trustees, who are elected in November of odd-numbered years to a four-year term beginning on the following January 1. Two are elected in the year after the presidential election and one is elected in the year before it. There is also an elected township fiscal officer, who serves a four-year term beginning on April 1 of the year after the election, which is held in November of the year before the presidential election. Vacancies in the fiscal officership or on the board of trustees are filled by the remaining trustees.

## Public Safety

Law Enforcement: Licking County Sheriff's Office
Fire & EMS: Newark Township Fire Dept
# Sergejs

Sergejs is a masculine Latvian given name. Notable people with the name include:
* Sergejs Boldaveško (born 1970), Latvian ice hockey player
* Sergejs Dolgopolovs (born 1941), Latvian politician
* Sergejs Fjodorovs (born 1956), Latvian politician
* Sergejs Inšakovs (born 1971), Latvian sprinter
* Sergejs Kožans (born 1986), Latvian footballer
* Sergejs Maģers (1912–1989), Latvian footballer
* Sergejs Mirskis (born 1952), Latvian politician
* Sergejs Naumovs (born 1969), Latvian ice hockey player
* Sergejs Pečura (born 1987), Latvian ice hockey player
* Sergejs Potapkins (born 1977), Latvian politician
* Sergejs Semjonovs (born 1959), Latvian footballer and manager
* Sergejs Seņins (born 1972), Latvian ice hockey player
* Sergejs Žoltoks (1972–2004), Latvian ice hockey player
# Newcastle School for Boys

Newcastle School for Boys, or NSB, is a private day school for boys aged 3–18 in Gosforth, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, England. It has approximately 400 students.

## History

NSB was formed in 2005 with the merger of Ascham House School and Newlands Preparatory School.
Chris Hutchinson was appointed Headmaster of NSB in 2007. A major extension to the senior school, which is housed in the large, Victorian-era former home of colliery owner, John Henry Reah, was completed in 2008. The Sixth Form accepted its first students in September 2009.
David Tickner was appointed as Headmaster in April 2012, and the school acquired additional premises opposite the Senior School to house a purpose-designed Sixth Form Centre in 2017.

## Admissions

The Junior School is located in two buildings, which previously accommodated Ascham House School, on West Avenue, and caters for boys in Nursery and Years 1 to 6. The Senior School is located in a building, which previously accommodated Newlands Preparatory School, in Moor Road South.

## School Life

Boys are sorted into one of four houses upon their arrival. They stay in these houses for the remainder of their time at the school, and partake in weekly hymn practice as a house, and inter-house competitions such as rugby, cricket, and choral. Sports played at NSB include rugby, cricket, football and hockey, with regular fixtures played against other northern schools, such as RGS Newcastle, Dame Allans, Durham, Yarm, and Ampleforth.

## Inspections

The School was last inspected by the Independent Schools Inspectorate in 2017. All standards were met.
# Newcastle Road

Newcastle Road was a football ground in the Monkwearmouth area of Sunderland, England, and was the home ground of Sunderland A.F.C for twelve years, between 1886 and 1898. It was the sixth ground at which the club had played. Also called Ashville Ground, it was located between Newcastle Road, Eglinton Street North and Crozier Street. Sunderland AFC's first game at the ground was a friendly against Birtley on 10 April 1886. The game ended as a 3 – 3 draw. On 5 May 1888, the now-defunct Sunderland Albion F.C. played their inaugural game at Newcastle Road; a 3 – 0 victory over Shankhouse Blackwatch, although Albion would go on to play their home games at Sunderland AFCs previous ground of Blue House Field.
Sunderland AFC became the main tenants of Newcastle Road, initially playing a mixture of friendlies and Durham Challenge Cup games. On 30 October 1886, Newcastle Road hosted Sunderland's first ever home tie in the FA Cup; a 2 – 1 victory over Newcastle West End F.C. Landowners, the Shipyard owning Thompson Sisters, charged the club £15 rent in the first year, and labourers from the Thompson yards were enlisted to help build the stands.
Sunderland joined the Football League in 1890, their first home league game being a defeat against Burnley on 13 September of that year. Six months later, in March 1891, the first England International to be held in Sunderland was played at Newcastle Road, as 15,000 spectators watched England beat Wales 4–1.
In their first season in the Football League, Sunderland drew an average home attendance of 6,091 at Newcastle Road. The ground had an estimated capacity of 15,000, but frequently admitted many more, including a then English record football attendance of 21,000 for an 1891 FA Cup tie vs Everton F.C. Over the course of the next decade, the club averaged crowds of 7,450 at Newcastle Road, peaking at 11,033 for their final season. Sunderland were hugely successful during their time at Newcastle Road, winning the league championship three times and embarking on a home run that saw them undefeated in 81 games and scoring 270 goals in the process. The success led them to be dubbed "The Team of All Talents", and Sunderland went on to be the first English side to be crowned World Champions
By 1896, rent on the ground had risen to £100, and space for expansion at Newcastle Road was limited. Recognising the need for growth, the board set about finding a new home. Sunderland became a Limited liability company, raised financing through the sale of shares, and purchased farmland in Roker for a new stadium. The final league game at the Newcastle Road was a 4–0 win over Nottingham Forest F.C. on 23 April 1898 and in the summer of 1898, Sunderland moved to Roker Park, where they would remain for 99 years.
The ground features in a painting by the artist Thomas M. M. Hemy, a brother of Charles Napier Hemy. The image depicts a game between Sunderland and Aston Villa F.C. in 1895, and is believed to be the oldest painting of a league football game. The painting was later placed in the reception area at the Stadium of Light, the current home of the club.
# Nizhal Thangal of Paloor

In South India, this Thangal of Paloor was the third among the Primary Nizhal Thangals. This Thangal was constructed by Mr. Perumal Nadar of Paloor who donated 43 palmyra trees for the famous Thaththuva-kottagai Project in Ambala Pathi.
This man requested Ayya to visit his village and as per Ayya visited Paloor. There with the instructions of Vaikundar, the third Thangal was constructed.
# Sessions House, Northampton

The Sessions House is a former judicial building on George Row in Northampton, England. The Sessions House, which was the main courthouse for Northamptonshire, is currently used as a tourist information centre and is a Grade I listed building. The building is adjacent to County Hall, the meeting place of Northamptonshire County Council.

## History

The Sessions House was built on the site of an early 17th century public house known as "The Bell". The property was acquired for the county and converted into a gaol in 1634. A Quaker, John Maidwell, was imprisoned in the cells of the gaol in 1664 for not swearing allegiance to King Charles II. The gaol was destroyed in the Great Fire of Northampton in September 1675 and the Sessions House, which was designed by Henry Bell of King's Lynn in the Renaissance style using a plan by Sir Roger Norwich, became one of the first facilities built after the Great Fire when it was completed in 1678.
The design involved a symmetrical main frontage of five bays facing George Row. The central section of three bays contained windows flanked by pilasters with a central shield above the middle window. The end bays contained round headed doorways (one door for the nisi prius judge and one door for the crown judge) flanked by paired Corinthian order columns under segmental pediments containing the Royal arms. The building originally also had dormer windows and a cupola.
The principal rooms were the courtrooms: the nisi prius court was in the west of the building, stretching to the rear, and the crown court was in the east of the building. They were decorated with plaster ceilings depicting justice and the devil as well as cornucopias which were all designed by Edward Goudge. A fellow architect, Captain William Winde, said of Goudge in 1690 that he "will undoubtedly have a good deal of work for he is now looked on as the best master in England in his profession". Portraits of King William III and Queen Mary II by Wolfang William Claret were hung on the walls of the nisi prius court. The original cells from the old 17th century gaol were incorporated into the basement of the building and were accessed by staircases in the courtrooms. Prisoners sentenced to death were executed in Angel Lane, at the back of the Sessions House.
The building continued to be used as a facility for dispensing justice until 1987, when the Crown Court in Lady's Lane was completed. The Sessions House was converted for use as a tourist information centre in 2010.
# Thompson Pump and Manufacturing

Thompson Pump and Manufacturing is a privately held pump manufacturer in Port Orange, Florida. It manufactures engine-powered pumps for construction, bypass, dewatering, wastewater, sewage, mining, petroleum, municipal, agriculture, military and industrial markets.

## History

The company was founded in 1970 by George A. Thompson and his sons, Bill and George Jr. The company was the first pump manufacturer to adapt a rotary pump to the dewatering industry. It manufactures all of its pumps in-house and manages sales, rentals and service through domestic and international field offices, as well as a network of third party distributors. George Jr. died in 1979 at age 25, and George Sr. retired in 1999.

## Products

Thompson Pump & Manufacturing's primary products are wet prime trash pumps, dry prime trash pumps with compressor-assisted or vacuum-assisted priming systems, sound attenuated trash pumps, hydraulic power units with submersible pump ends, diaphragm pumps, rotary wellpoint pumps and high pressure jet pumps. Patented, branded products and technologies include:
* Vacuum Underdrain Pipe - improves efficiency in shallow dewatering
* Arctic Knight - diesel driven pump for use down to -40°F
* Enviroprime - prevents sewage, debris and chemical discharge from escaping into environment
* Pumpology School - training program for students, contractors and others covering pump applications and technology
# Thompson Reservoir (Oregon)

Thompson Reservoir, also known as Thompson Valley Reservoir, is an irrigation reservoir on the upper East Fork of Silver Creek in the Fremont National Forest, approximately ten miles upstream from Silver Lake, Oregon, in the United States. Constructed in 1930 alongside a dam by the Silver Lake Irrigation District, Thompson Reservoir spans roughly 1800 acres and can hold 7750 acre-feet of water.

## Biology

Thompson Reservoir is classified as mesotrophic. There are low densities of A. formosa in the spring and low densities of C. hirundinella and M. granulata in summer. Due to the extreme water fluctuations from reservoir operations, macrophytes are scarce.

## Recreation

Thompson Reservoir is accessible by road. It contains two United States Forest Service campgrounds. The reservoir itself is located within the National Forest, but half of the shoreline is held by private owners. The dominant fish species is the tui chub and its high population has resulted in a decline of rainbow trout. As a result, each spring the reservoir is stocked with about 200,000 fingerling trout. Due to the overpopulation of "rough fish", the camping facilities are not heavily used.
# Set TSP problem

In combinatorial optimization, the set TSP, also known as the generalized TSP, group TSP, One-of-a-Set TSP, Multiple Choice TSP or Covering Salesman Problem, is a generalization of the traveling salesman problem (TSP), whereby it is required to find a shortest tour in a graph which visits all specified subsets of the vertices of a graph. The subsets of vertices must be disjoint, since the case of overlapping subsets can be reduced to the case of disjoint ones. The ordinary TSP is a special case of the set TSP when all subsets to be visited are singletons. Therefore, the set TSP is also NP-hard.
There is a transformation for an instance of the set TSP to an instance of the standard asymmetric TSP. The idea is to connect each subset into a directed cycle with edges of zero weight, and inherit the outgoing edges from the original graph shifting by one vertex backwards along this cycle. The salesman, when visiting a vertex v in some subset, walks around the cycle for free and exits it from the vertex preceding v by an outgoing edge corresponding to an outgoing edge of v in the original graph.
The Set TSP has a lot of interesting applications in several path planning problems. For example, a two vehicle cooperative routing problem could be transformed into a set TSP, tight lower bounds to the Dubins TSP and generalized Dubins path problem could be computed by solving a Set TSP.

## Illustration from the cutting stock problem

The one-dimensional cutting stock problem as applied in the paper / plastic film industries, involves cutting jumbo rolls into smaller ones. This is done by generating cutting patterns typically to minimise waste. Once such a solution has been produced, one may seek to minimise the knife changes, by re-sequencing the patterns (up and down in the figure), or moving rolls left or right within each pattern. These moves do not affect the waste of the solution.
In the above figure, patterns (width no more than 198) are rows; knife changes are indicated by the small white circles; for example, patterns 2-3-4 have a roll of size 42.5 on the left - the corresponding knife does not have to move. Each pattern represents a TSP set, one of whose permutations must be visited. For instance, for the last pattern, which contains two repeated sizes (twice each), there are 5! / (2! × 2!) = 30 permutations. The number of possible solutions to the above instance is 12! × (5!)$^6$ × (6!)$^4$ × (7!)$^2$ / ((2!)$^9$ × (3!)$^2$) ≈ 5.3 × 10$^{35}$. The above solution contains 39 knife changes, and has been obtained by a heuristic; it is not known whether this is optimal. Transformations into the regular TSP, as described in would involve a TSP with 5,520 nodes.
# Set U Free (Planet Soul song)

"Set U Free" is a 1995 hit single by techno music duo Planet Soul, co-written by Nadine Renee and George Acosta. The single was produced by Acosta and reached its peak of 26 on the Billboard Hot 100 on January 27, 1996.
The song is in the key of F♯/G♭with a BPM of 128.

## Charts
### Weekly charts

| 1995 | Position |
| US Billboard Hot 100 | 26 |
| US Billboard Hot 100 Airplay | 25 |
| US Billboard Hot 100 Singles Sales | 36 |
| US Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Singles & Tracks | 57 |
| US Top 40 Mainstream | 35 |
| US Rhythmic Top 40 | 10 |
| US Hot Dance Music/Maxi-Singles Sales | 3 |

### Year-end charts

| 1996 | Position |
| US Billboard Hot 100 | 85 |
# Newburg, Illinois

Newburg is an unincorporated community in Friends Creek Township, Macon County, Illinois, United States. The community is located at the intersection of Newburg Road and Cemetery Road 1 mile (1.6 km) east of Argenta.