OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Pierluigi Castellano

Pierluigi Castellano (born 1958, in Rome) is an Italian musician, composer and journalist.

## Biography

Castellano began his career by studying piano, clarinet, composition and electronic music, attending seminars held by Karlheinz Stockhausen and Aldo Clementi.
In 1983 and 1984 took part in the work of Giovanna Marini, Le Cadeau de l'Empereur held, among others, at the Festival d'Avignon, the Théâtre des Bouffes du Nord in Paris and the Teatre Grec in Barcelona.
Between 1985 and 1990 he composed several soundtracks for theater, movies (A futura memoria: Pier Paolo Pasolini, by Ivo Barnabò Micheli), but particularly for dance shows (choreography by Enzo Cosimi, Fabrizio Monteverde and others) with good critical and commercial feedbacks in France, England and the United States. He also composed Electronic Music for the ENEL and Infobyte project for the Seville Expo '92. For Rai Radio Tre Castellano composed two Operas: Viaggio nel Cyberspazio (1993) and Zonacalda (1995). He took part in the European research project HELP working on the musical translation of visual art.
As journalist Castellano wrote for Il Manifesto and works for the Italian national television RAI.

## Discography

* La Boule De Neige (General Music)– GM 30719 (1985)
* Danze (Mantra Records) – DM 86002 (1987)
* Noi, My, Us (Mantra Records) – DMCD90017 (1990)
* Sevilla X (As) – AS 001 (1992)
* Computer Dreams (Orlando Record) (1999)
* Danze (remastered, Orlando Records) (2000)
* La Boule De Neige (remastered, Orlando Records) (2000)
* Zonacalda (Ants) – ANT06 (2002)
* 2002 (Orlando Records) (2002)
* Open Space (Rai Trade) RTCD 290 (2008)
* PARADISE LOST VOL.1 (2017)
* PARADISE LOST VOL.2 (2017)
* PARADISE LOST VOL.3 (2017)

### Collaborative albums

* Alvin Curran: Canti Illuminati - Fore (1982)
* Giovanna Marini: Le Cadeau de l'Empereur – Le Chant du Monde - LDX 74836/7 (1984)
* O.A.S.I.: Il Cavaliere Azzurro - Ira (1986)
* Aut. Vari: (Harold Budd, Roedelius ecc.): The Greetings Piano (Live) - Materiali Sonori – MASO CD 90034 (1993)
* Aut. Vari: Desert Rain – Desert Rain (1994)
* Quartetto Borciani: Razzmatazz - Felmay (1997)
* Piero Milesi: Within Himself – Cuneiform Records (2000)
* Aut. Vari: Frank You Thank Vol.2 (Tributo A Frank Zappa) – Il Manifesto- PdB 2002-013-2 (2003)
* Aut. Vari: Tribù italiche: Lazio EDT WM049 (2007)
* Aut. Vari: Il cielo Diapason DRCD-82 (2011)
# List of airlines of Gabon

This is a list of airlines currently operating in Gabon:
| Airline | IATA | ICAO | Callsign | Hub airport(s) |
| Afrijet Business Service | J7 | ABS | AFRIJET | Libreville International Airport |
| Allegiance Airways Gabon | GY | LGE | | Léon-Mba International Airport |
| Fly Gabon | | | | |
| Nationale Regionale Transport | | NRG | | Léon-Mba International Airport |
| Nouvelle Air Affaires Gabon | NB | NVS | NOUVELLE AFFAIRES | Libreville International Airport |
| RegionAir | RCG | RSG | REGIONAL | Port-Gentil International Airport |
| Solenta Aviation Gabon | | SVG | SOLENTA | Léon-Mba International Airport |
# List of ambassadors of the Dominican Republic to the United States

The Dominican Ambassador to the United States is in charge of the Dominican Republic's diplomatic mission to the United States. The official title is The Ambassador to the United States of America.
The ambassador's residence is on 1715 22nd Street, NW in Washington, D.C.
The current Ambassador, José Tomás Pérez, presented his credentials in February, 2015.

## List of Ambassadors

Ambassadors of the Dominican Republic to the United States of America 1894–present
* Alejandro Woss y Gil (1894–1899)
* Emilio C. Joubert (1900)
* Francisco Leonte Vázquez (1901–1904)
* Juan Francisco Sánchez (1904)
* Emilio C. Joubert (1904–1908)
* Arturo L. Fiallo (1909)
* Emilio C. Joubert (1909–1911)
* Francisco J. Peynado (1912–1913)
* Eduardo R. Soler (1914)
* Enrique Jiménez (1915)
* A. Peréz Perdomo (1915–1917)
* Luis Galván (1917–1920)
* Emilio C. Joubert (1920–1924)
* Jóse del Carmen Ariza (1924–1926)
* Angel Morales (1926–1930)
* Rafael Brache (1930–1931)
* Roberto L. Despradel Pennell (1931–1934)
* Rafael Brache (1934–1935)
* Andrés Pastoriza (1935–1941)
* José María Troncoso (1941–1943)
* Anselmo Copello (1943–1944)
* Emilio García Godoy (1944–1947)
* Julio Ortega Frier (1947)
* Luis F. Thomen (1947–1953)
* Manuel A. de Moya (1953–1955)
* Joaquin E. Salazar (1955–1957)
* Manuel A. de Moya (1957–1959)
* Luis F. Thomen Candelario (1959–1961)
* Andrés Freites Barrera (1962–1963)
* Enriquillo del Rosario (1963)
* José A. Bonilla Atiles (1964–1965)
* Milton T. Messina Matos (1965–1966)
* Héctor García-Godoy (1966—1969)
* Mario Read Vittini (1969–1970)
* Salvador Ortiz (1970–1974)
* Horacio Vicioso Soto (1974–1978)
* Francisco Augusto Lora (1978–1979)
* Enriquillo del Rosario (1979–1981)
* José Rafael Molina Morillo (1981–1982)
* Carlos Despradel Roques (1982–1985)
* Eulogio José Santaella Ulloa (1985–1987)
* Eduardo A. León (1987–1989)
* Carlos Morales Troncoso (1989–1991)
* José del Carmen Ariza (1991–1996)
* Bernardo Vega (1997–1999)
* Roberto B. Saladín Selín (1999–2002)
* Hugo Guilliani Cury (2002–2004)
* Flavio Darío Espinal (2004–2009)
* Roberto Saladín (2009–2011)
* Aníbal de Castro (2011-2014)
* José Tomás Pérez [es] (2014–2020)
* Sonia Guzmán Klang [es] (2020-present)
# List of ambassadors of the European Union to China

The European Union ambassador in Beijing is the official representative of the European Commission to the Government of China, concurrently accredited to Mongolia.

## List of representatives

| Diplomatic agreement/Diplomatic accreditation | Ambassador | President of the European Commission | List of premiers of the People's Republic of China | Term end |
| 1988 | Pierre Duchâteau | Jacques Delors | Li Peng | 1994 |
| 1994 | Endymion Wilkinson | Jacques Delors | Li Peng | 2001 |
| 2001 | Klaus-Dieter Ebermann | Romano Prodi | Zhu Rongji | 2005 |
| 2005 | Serge Abou | José Manuel Barroso | Wen Jiabao | 2010 |
| 2010 | Markus Ederer [de] | José Manuel Barroso | Wen Jiabao | 2014 |
| 2014 | Hans Dietmar Schweisgut [de] | José Manuel Barroso | Li Keqiang | 2018 |
| 2018 | Nicolas Chapuis [fr] | Jean-Claude Juncker Ursula von der Leyen | Li Keqiang | 2022 |
| 2022 | Jorge Toledo Albiñana | Ursula von der Leyen | Li Keqiang | |
# Qirqbize

Qirqbize ((Arabic قرقبيزه) also Kirkbize or Kirkbizeh) was an early Byzantine settlement in northwest Syria. The ruins are important for the history of early Christianity, as the remains of the earliest preserved house church after Dura-Europos from the beginning of the 4th century are located here. The place was inhabited from the Roman period until at least the 7th century. Howard Crosby Butler investigated the site in 1899, George Tchalenko conducted excavations in 1939 and until 1971.

## House church

A rural house in Roman times (2nd century) had two rooms that were connected by a door and each had an access from the southern long side. A portico supported by columns or pillars was built along this side. The gable roof, constructed from wooden beams, was shaped like a Greek temple. The first Christians initially gathered in private houses, which they converted into house churches. First, the partition between the living room and the pantry was removed so that a larger room was created, which - as prescribed for the later church buildings - was oriented to the east.
The oldest known house church in Dura-Europos, which was rebuilt around the year 232, was created, like Qirqbize, by merging the living and adjoining rooms. The local mud brick town house with a central courtyard had a long rectangular prayer room inside, but it was only the house church of Qirqbize that took on the architectural form of a hall church, from which the multi-aisled basilica was developed.
A pedestal for the altar was set up in the eastern part of the house, which dates back to the 3rd century and measures 15 × 7.5 meters; a triumphal arch typical of an apse was added later. The clergy took their seats on this raised installation with seating for 14 people during the divine service. Already in Qirqbize there was a spatial separation of lay people and clergy.
There were two entrances in the south wall, the other sides were closed. The windows were rectangular and there was no roof cornice. In a second construction phase, a portico column was added in front of the south wall. Four capitals of this have survived, which are dated to the end of the 5th or 6th century.
The later church buildings had a three-part apse in the east, divided into functional areas, with a diaconicon at the side and a reliquary (martyrion). A stone sarcophagus with a relic was placed in the northern area of the local chancel. Oil poured in from above flowed over the bones of the venerated saint and out below, where it was caught and collected in clay bottles (ampoules). Pilgrims took such vessels with them as good luck souvenirs. The olive oil use is related to the culture of olive trees, which was important for the economy of northern Syria.
# Piet Kuiper

Pieter Jan Cornelis "Piet" Kuiper (30 July 1934 – 10 December 2017) was a Dutch botanist. He was professor of plant physiology at the University of Groningen from 1974 to 1999.
Kuiper was born in Hoorn. He obtained his PhD in 1961 at the Landbouwhogeschool in Wageningen. Kuiper helped doctors in determining species of mushrooms in poisoning cases. He died, together with his wife, on 10 December 2017.
Kuiper was elected a member of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1983.
# Quantum image

Quantum computation, which exploits quantum parallelism, is in principle faster than a classical computer for certain problems. Quantum image is encoding the image information in quantum-mechanical systems instead of classical ones and replacing classical with quantum information processing may alleviate some of these challenges.
Humans obtain most of their information through their eyes. Accordingly, the analysis of visual data is one of the most important functions of our brain and it has evolved high efficiency in processing visual data. Currently, visual information like images and videos constitutes the largest part of data traffic in the internet. Processing of this information requires ever-larger computational power.
The laws of quantum mechanics allow one to reduce the required resources for some tasks by many orders of magnitude if the image data are encoded in the quantum state of a suitable physical system. The researchers discuss a suitable method for encoding image data, and develop a new quantum algorithm that can detect boundaries among parts of an image with a single logical operation. This edge-detection operation is independent of the size of the image. Several other algorithms are also discussed. It is theoretically and experimentally demonstrated that they work in practice. This is the first experiment to demonstrate practical quantum image processing. It contributes a substantial progress towards both theoretical and experimental quantum computing for image processing, it will stimulate future studies in the field of quantum information processing of visual data.
# Lost in Panic Room

Lost in Panic Room is a 2010 Chinese suspense thriller film directed by Zhang Fanfan and written by Xiao Yu. The film stars Alec Su, Pace Wu, Hu Ming, and Jerry Yuan. It was followed by sequel Lost in Panic Cruise. The film was released in China on October 30, 2010.

## Summary

Liu Yunfei, a novelist who is well known for writing detective stories, finds himself in the middle of a real-life murder mystery. Using the knowledge gathered while putting together detective narratives, he sets out to help solve the puzzling series of murders that took place in a mountain villa.

## Cast

* Alec Su as Liu Yunfei
* Pace Wu as Zhang Hui
* Hu Ming as Li Xiaofeng
* Jerry Yuan as Mike
* Du Junze as Zhuo Ran
* Shi Guanghui as Bai Xiuqing
* Lin Longqi as Lin Quan
* Yang Xiao as Lin Hai
* Li Wanyi as Lin Xiaoyu
* Liu Xiaoxi as Duan Xinyu
* Zhang Yukui as Master Jiang
* Yu Dongjiang as Zhang Siyi

## Box office

It grossed ¥10 million on its first weekend.
# Picea neoveitchii

Picea neoveitchii (Chinese: 大果青扦) is a species of conifer in the family Pinaceae. It is found only in China. It is threatened by habitat loss.
Picea neoveitchii is an endemic spruce species of central China. Several scattered communities and individuals can be found growing on the southern slopes of Qinling Mountains in Baotian Man Nature Preserve, Henan province between 1240 and 2020 meters elevation. This spruce species is especially vulnerable to extinction due to the high fragmentation of its natural habitat from human disturbance. Current conservation efforts are focused on preserving natural habitats, managing invasive species to reduce competition, and prohibiting timber harvest. Conservation researchers emphasize the urgent need for a restoration project which reintroduces seedlings across the tree's original range (within protected forest areas), and protects wild communities and individuals. (Zhang et al. 2006).
# Pierre de Melun

Pierre de Melun (died 1594), prince of Espinoy, marquis of Richebourg, baron of Antoing, etc., was a nobleman in the Low Countries during the Dutch Revolt who took the side of the rebels against Philip II of Spain.

## Life

Melun was born in the first half of the 16th century, probably in Antoing, the son and heir of Hugues, count of Epinoy, and Yolande, lady of Warchin. He was the hereditary constable and senechal of the County of Hainaut. In 1576 the Estates General appointed him governor of the city and castle of Tournai and of the Tounaisis. In 1577 he was declared a rebel and his properties in the Low Countries were confiscated by the crown and awarded to his younger brother, Robert de Melun. At Robert's death they passed to his sister, Anne-Marie de Melun, who was married to Lamoral de Ligne.
Pierre de Melun was the leading figure in the rebel response to the reconciliation of the Walloon nobility of the Union of Arras in the Treaty of Arras (1579). On 13 October 1579 the Estates appointed him superintendent general of the city of Valenciennes and the citadel of Cambrai, and later governor of the shrinking number of rebel-held fortifications in the County of Artois, County of Hainaut, and Walloon Flanders. His mother's appeals to him in December 1580 to return to loyalty were unavailing. On 8 March 1581 he was appointed general of cavalry in the service of the States. He was absent from Tournai on campaign during the Siege of Tournai (1581), so the defence was directed by his lieutenant, with his wife since 1572, Marie-Christine de Lalaing, taking a leading role.
At the conclusion of the siege on 29 November 1581, Marie-Christine withdrew to Oudenaarde. On 10 February 1582, Melun was among the nobles who greeted Francis, Duke of Anjou, on his return from England with the intention of proclaiming him sovereign of the Low Countries. He later accompanied William the Silent to Ghent, but was no longer himself a leading figure in the Revolt. After Marie-Christine's death he remarried on 19 April 1586, with Hippolyte de Montmorency-Hornes. He died in exile in France in 1594. After his death his son, Guillaume de Melun, with diplomatic support from Henry IV of France, sought to recover at least some of his confiscated inheritance, reaching an agreement that was ratified by the government of the Sovereign Archdukes Albert and Isabella on 16 August 1602.
# Qingyang Subdistrict, Jinjiang

Qingyang Subdistrict (simplified Chinese: 青阳街道; traditional Chinese: 青陽街道; pinyin: Qīngyáng Jiēdào) is a subdistrict in Jinjiang, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China.

## Subdivision of Qingyang

As of 2020, Qingyang Subdistrict has 13 communities: Qingxin Community (青新社区), Jinqing Community (锦青社区), Qinghua Community (青华社区), Lianyu Community (莲屿社区), Chencun Community (陈村社区), Xiahang Community (霞行社区), Zengjing Community (曾井社区), Gaoxia Community (高霞社区), Puzhao Community (普照社区), Hongzhai'an Community (洪宅垵社区), Xiangshan Community (象山社区), Yangguang Community (阳光社区), and Yongfuli Community (永福里社区).

## Religious buildings

* Qingyang Stonedrum Temple at Shigu Temple
# Pierson, Illinois

Pierson (also known as Pierson Station) is an unincorporated community in Unity Township, Piatt County, Illinois, United States.

## Geography

Pierson is located at 39°47′53″N 088°31′42″W﻿ / ﻿39.79806°N 88.52833°W﻿ / 39.79806; -88.52833 at an elevation of 676 feet.
# Pietermaai

Pietermaai is a neighbourhood and former suburb of Willemstad, on Curaçao, a Lesser Antilles island in the Dutch Caribbean. Pietermaai was founded in 1675, and has been designated a Unesco World Heritage Site.

## History

Willemstad, the capital of Curaçao, was constructed as a walled city. It soon developed into one of the major centres of the Atlantic slave trade which triggered a rapid population growth. In the late 17th century, there were over 200 houses within the city walls. In 1675, it was decided to construct the town of Pietermaai outside of the enclosed city. It was to be separated from the city by an area of about 500 metres in which construction was not allowed so as not to obstruct the cannons in Fort Amsterdam. The town was named after captain Pieter de Meij.
In 1707, the town of Otrobanda was established on the other side of Sint Anna Bay, and the suburb of Scharloo followed, however Willemstad continued to experience growth. By 1818, the population of Pietermaai had grown to 2,334 people. The population of Willemstad with suburbs was 9,536 people. On 13 May 1861, a decision was made to demolish the city walls, construct a wharf in the vacant area, and built residential houses in the gap separating Willemstad from Pietermaai. The concession of the project was given to S.E.L. Maduro of the Maduro family, the competitors of the Jesurun family who had a near monopoly on trade. A schism followed, resulting in the Jesurun family leaving the Mikvé Israel-Emanuel Synagogue and founding Tempel Emanu-el [nl].
In 1870, the Queen of the Most Holy Rosary Cathedral was built for the parish of Pietermaai as a replacement of the old Gothic church. In 1958, it was designated as the only cathedral of the island.
On 23 September 1877, Curaçao was struck by Hurricane Pundi which caused massive destruction. Pietermaai was the hardest hit part of the island. Large parts of the neighbourhood were destroyed or swept away by the waves.
Pietermaai used to have a combination of wealthy, and working class wards. In the 1970s, Pietermaai started to experience urban decay, and became known for its drug dealing. The neighbourhood started an extensive program of urban renewal. In the 21st century, it became a trendy neighbourhood known for its night life and Jazz bars. In 1997, the historic centre of Willemstad including Pietermaai was designated a Unesco World Heritage Site.
# Pigeon Roost, Mississippi

Pigeon Roost is a ghost town in Choctaw County, Mississippi.
Once home to a Chief of the Choctaw people, and an important stop along the Old Natchez Road, nothing remains of the former settlement.

## History

Pigeon Roost was located along the Old Natchez Road where it crossed the Big Black River.
The settlement was named for the millions of passenger pigeons that once roosted there.
Nathaniel Folsom of New England moved there in 1790, and opened "Folsom's Stand and Trading Post", within the Choctaw territory. Pigeon Roost became part of the Natchez-Nashville Mail Route in 1821, which passed "from Nashville to Florence, thence to Columbus, from there to Pigeon Roost, thence to Natchez".
Nathaniel married a Choctaw woman named Ai-ni-chi-ho-yo ("one to be preferred above others"), who was a direct descendant of a long line of Choctaw chiefs. Their son, David Folsom, assisted with the operation of the trading post, and was notable for his many accomplishments.
David Folsom assisted the Americans in the Seminole Wars in Florida, and became a colonel. David also enabled the first wagons to travel from the Tombigbee River in eastern Mississippi, to the navigable waters of the Yazoo River in the Mississippi Delta, by assisting early missionaries clear a wagon road from Pigeon Roost their mission at Elliott. David became influential within the Choctaw people, and met with Chief Mushulatubbee at Pigeon Roost in 1822. Noted Christian missionary Cyrus Byington lived with David Folsom in Pigeon Roost in 1823, where David—a strong believer in Christianity—taught Byington the Choctaw language. In 1826, David Folsom was named Chief of the Choctaw Nation in its northern district.
By the late 1820s, a school for Choctaw children was located at Pigeon Roost, and the community became central to many of the affairs of the Choctaw people. Pigeon Roost Cemetery was also located there.
A post office operated under the name Pigeon Roost from 1842 to 1871.
In 1830, Pigeon Roost ceased to exist following the Treaty of Dancing Rabbit Creek, which forced the removed of the Choctaw people from Mississippi.
A marker located at mile 203.5 on the Natchez Trace Parkway near Pigeon Roost Creek recognizes the former community.
# Louis Gottschalk

Louis Gottschalk may refer to:
* Louis Moreau Gottschalk (1829–1869), American composer
* Louis F. Gottschalk (1864–1934), American composer (grand-nephew of Louis M.)
* Louis A. Gottschalk, American psychiatrist
* Louis R. Gottschalk, American historian
# Louisa Bain

Louisa Bain born Louisa Burn (30 January 1803 – 21 January 1883) was a British diarist who recorded events every day from 1857 to 1883.

## Life

Bain was born in London in 1803 to Elizabeth (born Dyer) and Thomas Burn. She was the tenth of their twelve children and her father was a bookbinder. At the age of seven she went to be educated at Claybrook House, Fulham and left school aged twelve. In her twenties she married a book and print seller named James Bain on 15 September 1825. They had eight children starting with Elizabeth in 1828 and ending with Mary Elizabeth in 1842. They were all to survive.
In August 1857 she started the diary that would make her notable. She started her diary one day and then every day after that until shortly before she died she made an entry. She referred to the diary as containing facts and not feelings. She wrote about mundane matters but also executions, catastrophes and notable deaths. One of these was the death of Henry James and Bain describes how Sir Edmund Gosse went to see James who was on his deathbed to tell him that he had been given the Order of Merit. His nurse said she thought he was beyond communication, but nevertheless Gosse whispered the news into the dying writers ear. Bain says that after Gosse left, James opened his eyes and said that the nurse should remove the candle and "spare his blushes". Other versions of the death of Henry James exist.
Bain died in Broxbourne in 1883. Her diary is still kept within the family, and her grandson published excerpts from it in 1940 as A Bookseller Looks Back: The Story of the Bains.