# List of maritime features in the Spratly Islands

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This page features a series of lists of maritime features in the Spratly Islands.

## Features by area

Of the hundreds of maritime features in the Spratly Islands, relatively few have land permanently above sea-level that is larger than protruding rocks. There are only 13 islands and cays with a natural area above sea-level larger than one hectare. With the exception of Swallow Reef, prior to 2014 there had been no large-scale land reclamation beyond building breakwaters and piers, and extending runways.
This changed dramatically in 2014 with the PRC embarking on large-scale reclamations of the lagoons of Johnson South Reef (~10ha) and Fiery Cross Reef (~230ha), and other reclamations of then unknown extent at the Gaven Reefs and Cuarteron Reef. Reports of the extent of land reclaimed on Swallow Reef vary. The PRC land reclamations have continued on a total of seven sites. In 2015, Subi Reef, Hughes Reef and Mischief Reef were added. Refer to the table below for the most recently available data. In summary, there have been reclamations of very large areas (>640 acres = 1 sq mile) at three sites by the PRC, reclamations of large areas (10-100 acres) at eight sites (four by PRC, three by Vietnam, and one by Malaysia) and reclamations of lesser areas at a number of sites. There does not appear to have been any reclamation of Philippine occupied areas. There have been small Taiwanese reclamations at Itu Aba, very small but functionally significant reclamations at six Malaysian sites, and a number small but significant reclamations at Vietnamese sites in 2016, most particularly at Spratly Island where the runway has been extended and a sheltered harbour added.
The following table contains the 16 largest "natural" features, (i.e. not including reclaimed land), plus the features with significant amounts of reclaimed land:
| # | Feature | in Atoll | "Natural" Area | Location | Currently occupied by | Reclaimed Area |
| 1 | Itu Aba Island | Tizard Bank | 46.00 hectares (113.7 acres) | 10°22.5′N 114°22′E﻿ / ﻿10.3750°N 114.367°E﻿ / 10.3750; 114.367 | ROC (Taiping Island) | ~8 acres (3.2 ha) |
| 2 | Thitu Island | Thitu Reefs | 37.20 hectares (91.9 acres) | 11°03′N 114°17′E﻿ / ﻿11.050°N 114.283°E﻿ / 11.050; 114.283 | PHI (Pagasa Island) | |
| 3 | West York Island | West York Island | 18.60 hectares (46.0 acres) | 11°05′N 115°01′E﻿ / ﻿11.083°N 115.017°E﻿ / 11.083; 115.017 | PHI (Likas Island) | |
| 4 | Spratly Island | Spratly Island | 13.00 hectares (32.1 acres) | 08°38′N 111°55′E﻿ / ﻿8.633°N 111.917°E﻿ / 8.633; 111.917 | VNM (Trường Sa Island) | ~37 acres (15 ha) |
| 5 | Northeast Cay | North Danger Reef | 12.70 hectares (31.4 acres) | 11°28′N 114°21′E﻿ / ﻿11.467°N 114.350°E﻿ / 11.467; 114.350 | PHI (Parola Island) | |
| 6 | Southwest Cay | North Danger Reef | 12.00 hectares (29.7 acres) | 11°26′N 114°20′E﻿ / ﻿11.433°N 114.333°E﻿ / 11.433; 114.333 | VNM (Song Tử Tây Island) | ~7 acres (2.8 ha) |
| 7 | Sin Cowe Island | Union Banks | 08.00 hectares (19.8 acres) | 09°52′N 114°19′E﻿ / ﻿9.867°N 114.317°E﻿ / 9.867; 114.317 | VNM (Sinh Tồn Island) | ~26 acres (11 ha) |
| 8 | Nanshan Island | Loaita Bank | 07.93 hectares (19.6 acres) | 10°45′N 115°49′E﻿ / ﻿10.750°N 115.817°E﻿ / 10.750; 115.817 | PHI (Lawak Island) | |
| 9 | Sand Cay | Tizard Bank | 07.00 hectares (17.3 acres) | 10°23′N 114°28′E﻿ / ﻿10.383°N 114.467°E﻿ / 10.383; 114.467 | VNM (Sơn Ca Island) | ~9 acres (3.6 ha) |
| 10 | Loaita Island | Loaita Bank | 06.45 hectares (15.9 acres) | 10°40′N 114°25′E﻿ / ﻿10.667°N 114.417°E﻿ / 10.667; 114.417 | PHI (Kota Island) | |
| 11 | Swallow Reef | Swallow Reef | 06.20 hectares (15.3 acres) | 07°22′N 113°50′E﻿ / ﻿7.367°N 113.833°E﻿ / 7.367; 113.833 | MYS (Layang-Layang Reef) | ~95 acres (38 ha) |
| 12 | Namyit Island | Tizard Bank | 05.30 hectares (13.1 acres) | 10°11′N 114°22′E﻿ / ﻿10.183°N 114.367°E﻿ / 10.183; 114.367 | VNM (Nam Yết Island) | |
| 13 | Amboyna Cay | Amboyna Cay | 01.60 hectares (4.0 acres) | 07°54′N 112°55′E﻿ / ﻿7.900°N 112.917°E﻿ / 7.900; 112.917 | VNM (An Bang Island) | |
| | Grierson Reef | Union Banks | 01.60 hectares (4.0 acres) | 09°54′N 114°34′E﻿ / ﻿9.900°N 114.567°E﻿ / 9.900; 114.567 | VNM (Sinh Tồn Đông Island) | ~3 acres (1.2 ha) |
| | West London Reef | London Reefs | 01.10 hectares (2.7 acres) | 08°52′N 112°15′E﻿ / ﻿8.867°N 112.250°E﻿ / 8.867; 112.250 | VNM (Đá Tây A Island) | ~70 acres (28 ha) |
| | Central London Reef | London Reefs | 00.88 hectares (2.2 acres) | 08°56′N 112°21′E﻿ / ﻿8.933°N 112.350°E﻿ / 8.933; 112.350 | VNM (Trường Sa Đông Island) | ~4 acres (1.6 ha) |
| 14 | Flat Island | Loaita Bank | 00.57 hectares (1.4 acres) | 10°49′N 115°49′E﻿ / ﻿10.817°N 115.817°E﻿ / 10.817; 115.817 | PHI (Patag Island) | |
| 15 | Loaita Cay | Loaita Bank | 00.53 hectares (1.3 acres) | 10°43′43″N 114°21′09″E﻿ / ﻿10.72861°N 114.35250°E﻿ / 10.72861; 114.35250 | PHI (Melchora Aquino Island) | |
| 16 | Lankiam Cay | Loaita Bank | 00.44 hectares (1.1 acres) | 10°43′N 114°32′E﻿ / ﻿10.717°N 114.533°E﻿ / 10.717; 114.533 | PHI (Panata Island) | |
| | Mischief Reef | Mischief Reef | 00.00 | 09°56′N 115°32′E﻿ / ﻿9.933°N 115.533°E﻿ / 9.933; 115.533 | PRC | ~1,379 acres (558 ha) |
| | Subi Reef | Thitu Reefs | 00.00 | 10°55′N 114°04′E﻿ / ﻿10.917°N 114.067°E﻿ / 10.917; 114.067 | PRC | ~976 acres (395 ha) |
| | Fiery Cross Reef | Fiery Cross Reef | 00.00 | 09°36′N 111°57′E﻿ / ﻿9.600°N 111.950°E﻿ / 9.600; 111.950 | PRC | ~677 acres (274 ha) |
| | Cuarteron Reef | London Reefs | 00.00 | 08°52′N 112°50′E﻿ / ﻿8.867°N 112.833°E﻿ / 8.867; 112.833 | PRC | ~56 acres (23 ha) |
| | Gaven Reefs | Tizard Bank | 00.00 | 10°13′N 114°13′E﻿ / ﻿10.217°N 114.217°E﻿ / 10.217; 114.217 | PRC | ~34 acres (14 ha) |
| | Johnson South Reef | Union Banks | 00.00 | 09°43′N 114°17′E﻿ / ﻿9.717°N 114.283°E﻿ / 9.717; 114.283 | PRC | ~27 acres (11 ha) |
| | Hughes Reef | Union Banks | 00.00 | 09°55′N 114°30′E﻿ / ﻿9.917°N 114.500°E﻿ / 9.917; 114.500 | PRC | ~19 acres (7.7 ha) |
| | Pearson Reef | SW Dangerous Ground | 00.00 | 08°58′N 113°42′E﻿ / ﻿8.967°N 113.700°E﻿ / 8.967; 113.700 | VNM (Phan Vinh Island) | ~6 acres (2.4 ha) |
| | Cornwallis South Reef | SW Dangerous Ground | 00.00 | 08°43′N 114°11′E﻿ / ﻿8.717°N 114.183°E﻿ / 8.717; 114.183 | VNM (Núi Le Reef) | ~2 acres (0.81 ha) |

## Features by major reef/bank, etc.

The boundaries of the Spratly Islands are not firmly defined. West-to-east, the islands range from the coastal waters of Vietnam to the east of Dangerous Ground and the Palawan Passage (approx. 106-117°E), and south-to-north from the coastal waters of Borneo and the southern South China Sea to the north of Dangerous Ground and the Reed Bank (approx. 3-12°N).
The major feature of the area is Dangerous Ground, an oblong area approximately 340 nautical miles (630 km; 390 mi) SW-NE, 175 nautical miles (324 km; 201 mi) at its widest, with an area of about 52,000 nm² (178,000 km²). It lies approximately between 7.5–12°N, 113–117°E, and US NGA literature$^{etc.}$ seems to consider its centre as 10°N 115°E﻿ / ﻿10°N 115°E﻿ / 10; 115. The remainder of the Spratly Islands are mainly to the west and south of Dangerous Ground, with some features to the east.
The Spratly Islands can be roughly divided into seven sub-areas relative to Dangerous Ground:
* NW of Dangerous Ground (approx. 10-12°N, 113-115°E)
* NE Dangerous Ground (approx. 10-12°N, 115-117°E)
* SE Dangerous Ground (approx. 7-10°N, 115-117°E)
* SW Dangerous Ground (approx. 7-10°N, 113-115°E)
* E of Dangerous Ground (approx. 3-12°N, east of 117°E)
* S of Dangerous Ground (approx. 3- 7°N, 113-117°E) and
* W of Dangerous Ground (approx. 3-12°N, west of 113°E)
Within these sub-areas there are a number of major reefs and banks, as well as ungrouped maritime features.
Starting in the NW, and progressing in a generally SW direction, the features include:
| Sub-area | Group | Vicinity | Contains: |
| NW | North Danger Reef | 11°25′N 114°21′E﻿ / ﻿11.417°N 114.350°E﻿ / 11.417; 114.350 | North Reef (Spratly Islands) [zh]; Northeast Cay; Shira Islet; Southwest Cay; Jenkins Patches; South Reef; Sabine Patches; Farquharson Patches; Day Shoal; Iroquois Ridge |
| NW | Trident & Lys | | Trident Shoal [zh], Lys Shoal [zh] |
| NW | Thitu Reefs [zh] | 11°03′N 114°17′E﻿ / ﻿11.050°N 114.283°E﻿ / 11.050; 114.283 | Thitu Island; Thitu Reef [zh]; Sandy Cay (Spratly Islands) [zh] |
| NW | (Near Thitu Reefs [zh]) | 10°55′N 114°04′E﻿ / ﻿10.917°N 114.067°E﻿ / 10.917; 114.067 | Subi Reef |
| NW | Loaita Banks | 10°45′N 114°30′E﻿ / ﻿10.750°N 114.500°E﻿ / 10.750; 114.500 | Lankiam Cay; Loaita Cay; Loaita Nan; Loaita Island |
| NW | (East of Loaita Banks) | 10°55′N 114°45′E﻿ / ﻿10.917°N 114.750°E﻿ / 10.917; 114.750 | Menzies Reef [zh] , Irving Reef, West York Island |
| NW | Tizard Banks | 10°15′N 114°30′E﻿ / ﻿10.250°N 114.500°E﻿ / 10.250; 114.500 | Ban Than Reef/Zhongzhou Reef; Eldad Reef; Gaven Reefs; Namyit Island; Petley Reef; Sand Cay; Taiping Island/Itu Aba |
| NW | (West of Tizard Banks) | | Western Reef, Discovery Great Reef, Discovery Small Reef [zh] |
| W | (West of Union Banks) | 9°30′N 112°30′E﻿ / ﻿9.500°N 112.500°E﻿ / 9.500; 112.500 | Fiery Cross Reef, Dhaulle Shoal [zh], Coronation Bank [zh] |
| SW | Union Banks | 09°50′N 114°30′E﻿ / ﻿9.833°N 114.500°E﻿ / 9.833; 114.500 | Collins Reef/Johnson North Reef, Edmund Reef [zh], Grierson Reef/Sin Cowe East Island, Hallet Reef [zh], Higgens Reef [zh], Holiday Reef [zh], Hughes Reef, Johnson South Reef, Jones Reef [zh]/Zhangxi Jiao, Lansdowne Reef, McKennan Reef [zh]/Kennan Reef, Sin Cowe Island, Whitson Reef, Empire Reef [zh], Loveless Reef [zh] |
| NE | Reed Tablemount | 11°20′N 116°50′E﻿ / ﻿11.333°N 116.833°E﻿ / 11.333; 116.833 | Reed Bank, Nares Bank [vi; zh], Marie Louise Bank [vi; zh], Pennsylvania North Reef [vi; zh], Iroquois Reef [vi; zh] |
| NE | NE Dangerous Ground | 11°N 116°E﻿ / ﻿11°N 116°E﻿ / 11; 116 | Jackson Atoll [zh], Nanshan Island, Flat Island, Third Thomas Shoal, Hopkins Reef [zh], Amy Douglas Bank [zh]/Hirane Shoal, Hardy Reef [zh]/Hubo Reef, Sandy Shoal [zh], Lord Auckland Shoal [zh], Carnatic Shoal [zh], Seahorse Shoal [zh]/Seashore Shoal/Routh Shoal, Iroquois Reef [zh], Leslie Bank [zh], Templar Bank [zh], Southern Bank (Spratly Islands) [zh], Katimugan Banks [zh], Tagpi [zh], Pennsylvania South Reef [zh]/Magat Salamat Reef, |
| NE | Southampton Reefs | | Hopps Reef [zh] ; Livock Reef [zh] |
| E | (East & SE Dangerous Ground) | | Bombay Shoal [zh], Royal Captain Shoal, Half Moon Shoal, South Viper Shoal [zh] |
| SE | SE Dangerous Ground | 9°N 116°E﻿ / ﻿9°N 116°E﻿ / 9; 116 | Sabina Shoal, Boxall Reef [zh], Second Thomas Shoal, Mischief Reef, First Thomas Shoal, Alicia Annie Reef [zh], Commodore Reef, North Viper Shoal [zh], North East Shoal [zh], Director Reef [zh], Glasgow Bank [zh], Investigator Northeast Shoal |
| SW | SW Dangerous Ground | 9°N 114°E﻿ / ﻿9°N 114°E﻿ / 9; 114 | Maralie Reef [zh]/Bittern Reef, Alison Reef, Cornwallis South Reef, Pearson Reef, Pigeon Reef, Investigator Shoal, Ardasier Reef, Ardasier Bank [zh], Erica Reef, Mariveles Reef, Dallas Reef, Barque Canada Reef, Royal Charlotte Reef [zh] |
| W | London Reefs | 08°50′N 112°30′E﻿ / ﻿8.833°N 112.500°E﻿ / 8.833; 112.500 | Central London Reef; Cuarteron Reef; East London Reef; West London Reef |
| W | (Spratly Island vicinity) | 08°40′N 111°45′E﻿ / ﻿8.667°N 111.750°E﻿ / 8.667; 111.750 | Spratly Island, Ladd Reef, Jubilee Bank (Spratly Islands) [zh] |
| W | (West of Spratly Island) | | Scawfell Shoal, Charlotte Bank, Vanguard Bank [zh], Julia Shoal, Royal Bishop Shoal |
| W | (Southwest of Spratly Island) | | Alexandra Bank [zh]; Grainger Bank [zh]; Prince of Wales Bank [zh]; Prince Consort Bank [zh] |
| W | Rifleman Bank [zh] | 07°50′N 111°40′E﻿ / ﻿7.833°N 111.667°E﻿ / 7.833; 111.667 | Bombay Castle (bãi Ba Kè); Johnson Patch [zh] (tức là Bãi Vũng Mây); Kingston Shoal [zh] (Bãi Đinh); Orleana Shoal [zh] (Bãi Đất), Bãi Ráng Chiều, bãi Ngũ Sắc, bãi Xà Cừ, bãi Vũ Tích |
| S | | | Amboyna Cay; Swallow Reef; Louisa Reef |
| S | Luconia Shoals | 05°30′N 112°30′E﻿ / ﻿5.500°N 112.500°E﻿ / 5.500; 112.500 | North Luconia Shoals [zh]: Friendship Shoal [zh], Hardie Reef [zh], Aitken Reef [zh], Buck Reef [zh], Moody Reef [zh], Seahorse Breakers [zh], Tripp Reef [zh], Hayes Reef [zh] South Luconia Shoals [zh]: Stigant Reef [zh], Connell Reef [zh], Herald Reef (Spratly Islands) [zh], Comus Shoal [zh], Richmond Reef [zh], Luconia Breakers [zh] |

## Features by name
### A

* Amboyna Cay
* Ardasier Reef
* Ayungin Reef / shoal (Second Thomas)

### B

* Balagtas Reef (Irving Reef)
* Ban Than Reef (Zhongzhou Reef)
* Boji Jiao (Erica Reef)
* Bombay Castle

### C

* Calderon Reef (Cuarteron Reef)
* Celerio Reef (Swallow Reef)
* Central London Reef
* Chigua Reef (Johnson South Reef)
* Collins Reef (Johnson North Reef)
* Cuarteron Reef (Calderon Reef)

### D

* Dallas Reef
* Dangerous Ground
* Dongmen Reef (Hughes Reef)

### E

* East London Reef
* Enola Reef (Erica Reef)
* Erica Reef (Boji Jiao,Enola Reef, Gabriela Silang Reef, Terumbu Siput)

### F

* Fiery Cross Reef
* Flat Island (Patag Island)
* First Thomas Shoal

### G

* Gabriela Silang Reef (Erica Reef)
* Gaven Reefs / Gaven North Reef / Gaven South Reef

### H

* Half Moon Shoal
* Hardy Reef (Hubo Reef)
* Hubo Reef (Hardy Reef)
* Hughes Reef (Dongmen Reef)

### I

* Investigator Shoal (Pawikan Reef)
* Irving Reef (Balagtas Reef)
* Itu Aba (Ligao Island, Taiping Island)

### J

* James Shoal
* Johnson Reef:
** Johnson North Reef (Collins)
** Johnson South Reef (Chigua)

### K

* Kalayaan Islands / Kalayaan, Palawan
* Kota Island (Loaita)

### L

* Ladd Reef
* Lankiam Cay (Panata Island)
* Lawak Island (Nanshan Island)
* Layang Layang / Layang Layang Island (Swallow)
* Ligao Island (Itu Aba, Taiping Island)
* Likas Island (West York Island)
* Loaita Cay / Loaita Nan / Loaita Island (Kota)
* London Reefs
* Louisa Reef
* Luconia Shoals

### M

* Magat Salamat Reef (Pennsylvania South Reef)
* Mariveles Reef
* Menzies Reef
* Mischief Reef (Panganiban Reef)
* Republic of Morac-Songhrati-Meads

### N

* Namyit Island
* Nanshan Island (Lawak Island)
* North Danger Reef
* Northeast Cay (Parola Island)

### P

* Pagasa Island (Thitu Island)
* Panata Island (Lankiam Cay)
* Panganiban Reef (Mischief Reef)
* Parola Island (Northeast Cay)
* Patag Island (Flat Island)
* Pawikan Reef (Investigator Shoal)
* Pennsylvania South Reef (Magat Salamat Reef)
* Pugad Island (Southwest Cay)

### R

* Recto Bank / Reed Bank / Reed Tablemount

### S

* Sabina Shoal
* Sand Cay
* Second Thomas Reef / Second Thomas Shoal (Ayungin)
* Sin Cowe Island
* Southwest Cay (Pugad Island)
* Spratly Island / Storm Island
* Subi Reef
* Swallow Reef (Celerio, Layang Layang)

### T

* Taiping Island (Itu Aba, Ligao Island)
* Terumbu Siput (Erica Reef)
* Thitu Island (Pagasa Island)
* Third Thomas Shoal

### U

* Union banks

### W

* West London Reef
* West York Island (Likas Island)
* Western Reef
* Whitsun Reef

### Z

* Zhongzhou Reef (Ban Than Reef)

## Features by occupier and/or claimant

A feature is occupied by a country if one of the following is true:
* Soldiers and/or civilian citizens of a country are present in the feature, either by building structures over the feature to house the citizens (most features are of this type) or by manning a ship anchored over the feature (Philippine-occupied Irving Reef is of this type).
* Regularly visited by soldiers of a country, not necessarily having soldiers present in it 24 hours. These features must lie near (within 9 miles (14 km)) a feature occupied by the country in the way of the first condition. Presence of structures is not necessary. This is the case of Philippine-occupied Flat Island and Lankiam Cay where soldiers stationed at Nanshan Island and Loaita Island respectively, regularly visit on a daily basis.
The effective visible distance of horizon from a 15-meter (typical large structure) height above sea-level is 9 miles (14 km). This makes features occupied by the second condition to be also labeled as "occupied" since they can be guarded far away. However, not all features within the 9-mile (14 km) radius can be considered as absolutely occupied. This is especially true for features that lie between and within 9 miles (14 km) of two or more features occupied by different countries. (See Virtually Occupied or Controlled table)

### Summary

| Int'l Name | Co-ords | Sub-group | Occupant/s | Since | Notes |
| Itu Aba | 10°22.5′N 114°22′E﻿ / ﻿10.3750°N 114.367°E﻿ / 10.3750; 114.367 | Tizard Bank | ROC (Taiwan) | 1946 | |
| Ban Than Reef | 10°23′N 114°24′E﻿ / ﻿10.383°N 114.400°E﻿ / 10.383; 114.400 | Tizard Bank | ROC (Taiwan) | 1946 | |
| Cuarteron Reef | 08°53′N 112°51′E﻿ / ﻿8.883°N 112.850°E﻿ / 8.883; 112.850 | London Reefs | PRC (China) | 1988 | |
| Fiery Cross Reef | 09°37′N 112°58′E﻿ / ﻿9.617°N 112.967°E﻿ / 9.617; 112.967 | W of Union Banks | PRC (China) | 1988 | Military Garrison |
| Gaven Reefs | 10°13′N 114°13′E﻿ / ﻿10.217°N 114.217°E﻿ / 10.217; 114.217 | Tizard Bank | PRC (China) | 1988 | |
| Hughes Reef | 09°55′N 114°30′E﻿ / ﻿9.917°N 114.500°E﻿ / 9.917; 114.500 | Union Banks | PRC (China) | 1988 | Lighthouse |
| Johnson South Reef | 09°43′N 114°17′E﻿ / ﻿9.717°N 114.283°E﻿ / 9.717; 114.283 | Union Banks | PRC (China) | 1988 | |
| Mischief Reef | 09°55′N 115°32′E﻿ / ﻿9.917°N 115.533°E﻿ / 9.917; 115.533 | SE Dangerous Ground | PRC (China) | 1995 | Airfield |
| Subi Reef | 10°55′N 114°04′E﻿ / ﻿10.917°N 114.067°E﻿ / 10.917; 114.067 | W of Thitu Reefs [zh] | PRC (China) | 2013 | Military Garrison |
| Flat Island | 10°49′N 115°49′E﻿ / ﻿10.817°N 115.817°E﻿ / 10.817; 115.817 | SE Dangerous Ground | PHI | 1974 | |
| Lankiam Cay | 10°43′N 114°32′E﻿ / ﻿10.717°N 114.533°E﻿ / 10.717; 114.533 | Loaita Banks | PHI | - | |
| Loaita Cay | 10°43′43″N 114°21′09″E﻿ / ﻿10.72861°N 114.35250°E﻿ / 10.72861; 114.35250 | Loaita Banks | PHI | - | |
| Loaita Island | 10°40′N 114°25′E﻿ / ﻿10.667°N 114.417°E﻿ / 10.667; 114.417 | Loaita Banks | PHI | - | |
| Nanshan Island | 10°44′N 115°48′E﻿ / ﻿10.733°N 115.800°E﻿ / 10.733; 115.800 | NE Dangerous Ground | PHI | - | |
| Northeast Cay | 11°27′N 114°21′E﻿ / ﻿11.450°N 114.350°E﻿ / 11.450; 114.350 | North Danger Reef | PHI | - | |
| Thitu Island | 11°03′N 114°17′E﻿ / ﻿11.050°N 114.283°E﻿ / 11.050; 114.283 | Thitu Reefs [zh] | PHI | - | |
| West York Island | 11°05′N 115°01′E﻿ / ﻿11.083°N 115.017°E﻿ / 11.083; 115.017 | NW Dangerous Ground | PHI | - | |
| Commodore Reef | 08°22′N 115°12′E﻿ / ﻿8.367°N 115.200°E﻿ / 8.367; 115.200 | SE Dangerous Ground | PHI | - | |
| Irving Reef | 10°52′N 114°55′E﻿ / ﻿10.867°N 114.917°E﻿ / 10.867; 114.917 | NNW Dangerous Ground | PHI | - | |
| Second Thomas Shoal | 09°44′N 115°52′E﻿ / ﻿9.733°N 115.867°E﻿ / 9.733; 115.867 | NE Dangerous Ground | PHI | 1999 | Navy Outpost |
| Southwest Cay | 11°26′N 114°20′E﻿ / ﻿11.433°N 114.333°E﻿ / 11.433; 114.333 | North Danger Reef | VNM | 1975/04/14 | Lighthouse |
| Sand Cay | 10°23′N 114°29′E﻿ / ﻿10.383°N 114.483°E﻿ / 10.383; 114.483 | Tizard Bank | VNM | 1975/04/25 | Lighthouse |
| Namyit Island | 10°11′N 114°22′E﻿ / ﻿10.183°N 114.367°E﻿ / 10.183; 114.367 | Tizard Bank | VNM | 1975/04/27 | Lighthouse |
| Sin Cowe Island | 09°53′N 114°20′E﻿ / ﻿9.883°N 114.333°E﻿ / 9.883; 114.333 | Union Banks | VNM | 1975/04/27 | Lighthouse |
| Spratly Island | 08°38′N 114°25′E﻿ / ﻿8.633°N 114.417°E﻿ / 8.633; 114.417 | Spratly Island vicinity | VNM | 1975/04/29 | Lighthouse |
| Amboyna Cay | 07°54′N 112°55′E﻿ / ﻿7.900°N 112.917°E﻿ / 7.900; 112.917 | | VNM | 1975/04/29 | Lighthouse |
| Grierson Reef /Sin Cowe East Island | 09°54′N 114°34′E﻿ / ﻿9.900°N 114.567°E﻿ / 9.900; 114.567 | Union Banks | VNM | 1978/03/23 | |
| Central London Reef | 08°56′N 112°21′E﻿ / ﻿8.933°N 112.350°E﻿ / 8.933; 112.350 | London Reefs | VNM | 1978/04/02 | |
| Pearson Reef | 08°57′N 113°40′E﻿ / ﻿8.950°N 113.667°E﻿ / 8.950; 113.667 | SW Dangerous Ground | VNM | 1978/04/10 | |
| Barque Canada Reef | 08°10′N 113°18′E﻿ / ﻿8.167°N 113.300°E﻿ / 8.167; 113.300 | NE Dangerous Ground | VNM | 1987/02 | |
| West London Reef | 08°52′N 112°14′E﻿ / ﻿8.867°N 112.233°E﻿ / 8.867; 112.233 | London Reefs | VNM | 1988/01/15 | Lighthouse |
| Ladd Reef | 08°41′N 111°40′E﻿ / ﻿8.683°N 111.667°E﻿ / 8.683; 111.667 | Spratly Island vicinity | VNM | 1988/02/05 | Lighthouse |
| Discovery Great Reef | 10°04′N 113°51′E﻿ / ﻿10.067°N 113.850°E﻿ / 10.067; 113.850 | W of Tizard Banks | VNM | 1988/02/06 | |
| Pigeon Reef | 08°51′N 114°39′E﻿ / ﻿8.850°N 114.650°E﻿ / 8.850; 114.650 | SW Dangerous Ground | VNM | 1988/02/07 | Lighthouse |
| East London Reef | 08°50′N 112°36′E﻿ / ﻿8.833°N 112.600°E﻿ / 8.833; 112.600 | London Reefs | VNM | 1988/02/19 | |
| Alison Reef | 08°51′N 114°00′E﻿ / ﻿8.850°N 114.000°E﻿ / 8.850; 114.000 | SW Dangerous Ground | VNM | 1988/03/20 | |
| Cornwallis South Reef | 08°43′N 114°11′E﻿ / ﻿8.717°N 114.183°E﻿ / 8.717; 114.183 | SW Dangerous Ground | VNM | 1988/03/20 | |
| South Reef | 11°23′N 114°18′E﻿ / ﻿11.383°N 114.300°E﻿ / 11.383; 114.300 | North Danger Reef | VNM | 1988/04/02 | |
| Petley Reef | 10°24′N 114°35′E﻿ / ﻿10.400°N 114.583°E﻿ / 10.400; 114.583 | Tizard Bank | VNM | 1988/04/13 | |
| Collins Reef | 09°46′N 114°15′E﻿ / ﻿9.767°N 114.250°E﻿ / 9.767; 114.250 | Union Banks | VNM | 1988/06/28 | |
| Lansdowne Reef | 09°47′N 114°22′E﻿ / ﻿9.783°N 114.367°E﻿ / 9.783; 114.367 | Union Banks | VNM | 1988/06/28 | |
| Bombay Castle | 07°56′N 111°43′E﻿ / ﻿7.933°N 111.717°E﻿ / 7.933; 111.717 | Riflemen Bank [zh] | VNM | 1989/06/30 | Lighthouse |
| Prince of Wales Bank [zh] | 08°09′N 110°36′E﻿ / ﻿8.150°N 110.600°E﻿ / 8.150; 110.600 | Southwest Bank | VNM | 1989/06/30 | Lighthouse |
| Vanguard Bank [zh] | 07°32′N 109°45′E﻿ / ﻿7.533°N 109.750°E﻿ / 7.533; 109.750 | West Spratlys | VNM | 1989/07/05 | Lighthouse, China Coast Guard regular patrol |
| Prince Consort Bank [zh] | 07°55′N 109°58′E﻿ / ﻿7.917°N 109.967°E﻿ / 7.917; 109.967 | Southwest Bank | VNM | 1990/11/04 | Lighthouse |
| Grainger Bank [zh] | 07°49′N 110°30′E﻿ / ﻿7.817°N 110.500°E﻿ / 7.817; 110.500 | Southwest Bank | VNM | 1991/11/03 | Lighthouse |
| Alexandra Bank [zh] | 08°01′N 110°38′E﻿ / ﻿8.017°N 110.633°E﻿ / 8.017; 110.633 | Southwest Bank | VNM | 1991/11/30 | Lighthouse |
| Orleana Shoal [zh] | 07°41′N 111°43′E﻿ / ﻿7.683°N 111.717°E﻿ / 7.683; 111.717 | Riflemen Bank [zh] | VNM | 1998/07/03 | Lighthouse |
| Kingston Shoal [zh] | 07°34′6″N 111°33′13″E﻿ / ﻿7.56833°N 111.55361°E﻿ / 7.56833; 111.55361 | Riflemen Bank [zh] | VNM | 1998/07/07 | Lighthouse |
| Swallow Reef | 07°22′N 113°50′E﻿ / ﻿7.367°N 113.833°E﻿ / 7.367; 113.833 | | MYS | 1983 | RMN offshore EEZ station "Lima" |
| Ardasier Reef | 07°38′N 113°56′E﻿ / ﻿7.633°N 113.933°E﻿ / 7.633; 113.933 | SW Dangerous Ground | MYS | 1986 | RMN offshore EEZ station "Uniform" |
| Mariveles Reef | 08°00′N 113°54′E﻿ / ﻿8.000°N 113.900°E﻿ / 8.000; 113.900 | SW Dangerous Ground | MYS | 1986 | RMN offshore EEZ station "Mike" |
| Dallas Reef | 07°37′N 113°48′E﻿ / ﻿7.617°N 113.800°E﻿ / 7.617; 113.800 | SW Dangerous Ground | MYS | 1987 (or 1986) | |
| Erica Reef | 08°06′N 114°08′E﻿ / ﻿8.100°N 114.133°E﻿ / 8.100; 114.133 | SW Dangerous Ground | MYS | 1999 | RMN offshore EEZ station "Sierra" |
| Investigator Shoal | 08°07′N 114°42′E﻿ / ﻿8.117°N 114.700°E﻿ / 8.117; 114.700 | SW Dangerous Ground | MYS | 1999 | RMN offshore EEZ station "Papa" |
| James Shoal | 03°58.5′N 112°21′E﻿ / ﻿3.9750°N 112.350°E﻿ / 3.9750; 112.350 | - | MYS | | China Coast Guard regular patrol |
| Louisa Reef | 06°20′N 113°14′E﻿ / ﻿6.333°N 113.233°E﻿ / 6.333; 113.233 | | BRU | - | |
| Aitken Reef [zh] | 5°54′0″N 112°31′30″E﻿ / ﻿5.90000°N 112.52500°E﻿ / 5.90000; 112.52500 | Luconia Shoals | | | Unoccupied, near |
| Alicia Annie Reef [zh] | 9°21′N 115°26′E﻿ / ﻿9.350°N 115.433°E﻿ / 9.350; 115.433 | SW Dangerous Ground | | | |
| Amy Douglas Bank [zh] /Hirane Shoal | 10°50′N 116°15′E﻿ / ﻿10.833°N 116.250°E﻿ / 10.833; 116.250 | NE Dangerous Ground | | | Unoccupied, the east of the 116°E meridian |
| Ardasier Bank [zh] | 7°36′N 114°17′E﻿ / ﻿7.600°N 114.283°E﻿ / 7.600; 114.283 | SW Dangerous Ground | | | Unoccupied, near |
| Bombay Shoal [zh] | 9°26′N 116°55′E﻿ / ﻿9.433°N 116.917°E﻿ / 9.433; 116.917 | ESE Dangerous Ground | | | Unoccupied, the east of the 116°E meridian |
| Boxall Reef [zh] | 9°36′N 116°10′E﻿ / ﻿9.600°N 116.167°E﻿ / 9.600; 116.167 | SE Dangerous Ground | | | Unoccupied, the east of the 116°E meridian |
| Buck Reef [zh] | 5°48′15″N 112°32′15″E﻿ / ﻿5.80417°N 112.53750°E﻿ / 5.80417; 112.53750 | Luconia Shoals | | | Unoccupied, near |
| Carnatic Shoal [zh] | 10°06′N 117°21′E﻿ / ﻿10.100°N 117.350°E﻿ / 10.100; 117.350 | NE Dangerous Ground | | | Unoccupied, the east of the 116°E meridian |
| Comus Shoal [zh] | 5°2′12″N 112°56′20″E﻿ / ﻿5.03667°N 112.93889°E﻿ / 5.03667; 112.93889 | Luconia Shoals | | | Unoccupied, near |
| Connell Reef [zh] | 5°4′40″N 112°34′45″E﻿ / ﻿5.07778°N 112.57917°E﻿ / 5.07778; 112.57917 | Luconia Shoals | | | Unoccupied, near |
| Coronation Bank [zh] | 9°21′N 111°44′E﻿ / ﻿9.350°N 111.733°E﻿ / 9.350; 111.733 | W of Union Banks | | | |
| Dhaulle Shoal [zh] | 9°28′N 112°24′E﻿ / ﻿9.467°N 112.400°E﻿ / 9.467; 112.400 | W of Union Banks | | | |
| Director Reef [zh] | 8°28′N 115°55′E﻿ / ﻿8.467°N 115.917°E﻿ / 8.467; 115.917 | SE Dangerous Ground | | | |
| Discovery Small Reef [zh] | 10°01′N 114°02′E﻿ / ﻿10.017°N 114.033°E﻿ / 10.017; 114.033 | W of Tizard Banks | | | |
| Edmund Reef [zh] | 9°54′N 114°23.5′E﻿ / ﻿9.900°N 114.3917°E﻿ / 9.900; 114.3917 | Union Banks | | | |
| Eldad Reef | 10°21′N 114°42′E﻿ / ﻿10.350°N 114.700°E﻿ / 10.350; 114.700 | Tizard Bank | | | Unoccupied, China Coast Guard regular patrol |
| Empire Reef [zh] | 9°58.5′N 114°35.5′E﻿ / ﻿9.9750°N 114.5917°E﻿ / 9.9750; 114.5917 | Union Banks | | | |
| First Thomas Shoal | 09°20′N 115°57′E﻿ / ﻿9.333°N 115.950°E﻿ / 9.333; 115.950 | SE Dangerous Ground | | | Unoccupied, China Coast Guard regular patrol |
| Friendship Shoal [zh] | 5°57′18″N 112°31′43″E﻿ / ﻿5.95500°N 112.52861°E﻿ / 5.95500; 112.52861 | Luconia Shoals | | | Unoccupied, near |
| Ganges Reef [zh] | 10°20′N 115°04′E﻿ / ﻿10.333°N 115.067°E﻿ / 10.333; 115.067 | - | | | |
| Glasgow Bank [zh] | 8°28′N 115°30′E﻿ / ﻿8.467°N 115.500°E﻿ / 8.467; 115.500 | SE Dangerous Ground | | | |
| Half Moon Shoal | 8°52′N 116°16′E﻿ / ﻿8.867°N 116.267°E﻿ / 8.867; 116.267 | ESE Dangerous Ground | | | Unoccupied, the east of the 116°E meridian |
| Hallet Reef [zh] | 9°56′N 114°31′E﻿ / ﻿9.933°N 114.517°E﻿ / 9.933; 114.517 | Union Banks | | | Unoccupied, near Hughes Reef |
| Hardie Reef [zh] | 5°47′0″N 112°26′45″E﻿ / ﻿5.78333°N 112.44583°E﻿ / 5.78333; 112.44583 | Luconia Shoals | | | Unoccupied, near |
| Hardy Reef [zh]/Hubo Reef | 10°08′N 116°08′E﻿ / ﻿10.133°N 116.133°E﻿ / 10.133; 116.133 | NE Dangerous Ground | | | Unoccupied, the east of the 116°E meridian |
| Hayes Reef [zh] | 5°22′N 112°39′E﻿ / ﻿5.367°N 112.650°E﻿ / 5.367; 112.650 | Luconia Shoals | | | Unoccupied, near |
| Herald Reef (Spratly Islands) [zh] | 4°58′15″N 112°36′15″E﻿ / ﻿4.97083°N 112.60417°E﻿ / 4.97083; 112.60417 | Luconia Shoals | | | Unoccupied, near |
| Higgens Reef [zh] | 09°48′N 114°24′E﻿ / ﻿9.800°N 114.400°E﻿ / 9.800; 114.400 | Union Banks | | | |
| Holiday Reef [zh] | 9°58′N 114°34′E﻿ / ﻿9.967°N 114.567°E﻿ / 9.967; 114.567 | Union Banks | | | |
| Hopkins Reef [zh] | 10°48.5′N 116°05.5′E﻿ / ﻿10.8083°N 116.0917°E﻿ / 10.8083; 116.0917 | NE Dangerous Ground | | | Unoccupied, the east of the 116°E meridian |
| Hopps Reef [zh] | 10°15′N 115°21.5′E﻿ / ﻿10.250°N 115.3583°E﻿ / 10.250; 115.3583 | Southampton Reefs | | | |
| Investigator Northeast Shoal | 9°10.5′N 116°27.5′E﻿ / ﻿9.1750°N 116.4583°E﻿ / 9.1750; 116.4583 | SE Dangerous Ground | | | Unoccupied, the east of the 116°E meridian |
| Iroquois Reef [zh] | 10°37.5′N 116°10.5′E﻿ / ﻿10.6250°N 116.1750°E﻿ / 10.6250; 116.1750 | NE Dangerous Ground | | | Unoccupied, the east of the 116°E meridian |
| Jackson Atoll [zh] | 10°29′N 115°45′E﻿ / ﻿10.483°N 115.750°E﻿ / 10.483; 115.750 | NE Dangerous Ground | | | |
| Johnson Patch [zh] | 07°48′15″N 111°34′29″E﻿ / ﻿7.80417°N 111.57472°E﻿ / 7.80417; 111.57472 | Union Banks | Riflemen Bank [zh] | | Unoccupied, near Bombay Castle |
| Jones Reef [zh]/Zhangxi Jiao | 9°50′N 114°28′E﻿ / ﻿9.833°N 114.467°E﻿ / 9.833; 114.467 | Union Banks | | | |
| Jubilee Bank (Spratly Islands) [zh] | 8°32′N 111°29′E﻿ / ﻿8.533°N 111.483°E﻿ / 8.533; 111.483 | Spratly Island vicinity | | | Unoccupied, near Ladd Reef |
| Katimugan Banks [zh] | 10°30′N 116°40′E﻿ / ﻿10.500°N 116.667°E﻿ / 10.500; 116.667 | NE Dangerous Ground- | | | Unoccupied, the east of the 116°E meridian |
| Leslie Bank [zh] | 11°05′N 117°28′E﻿ / ﻿11.083°N 117.467°E﻿ / 11.083; 117.467 | NE Dangerous Ground- | | | Unoccupied, the east of the 116°E meridian |
| Livock Reef [zh] | 10°11′N 115°18′E﻿ / ﻿10.183°N 115.300°E﻿ / 10.183; 115.300 | Southampton Reefs | | | |
| Loaita Nan | 10°42′N 114°19′E﻿ / ﻿10.700°N 114.317°E﻿ / 10.700; 114.317 | Loaita Banks | | | Unoccupied, near Loaita Cay |
| Lord Auckland Shoal [zh] | 10°20′N 117°17′E﻿ / ﻿10.333°N 117.283°E﻿ / 10.333; 117.283 | NE Dangerous Ground | | | Unoccupied, the east of the 116°E meridian |
| Loveless Reef [zh] | 9°51′N 114°17′E﻿ / ﻿9.850°N 114.283°E﻿ / 9.850; 114.283 | Union Banks | | | Unoccupied, near Sin Cowe Island |
| Luconia Breakers [zh] | 4°59′N 112°37′E﻿ / ﻿4.983°N 112.617°E﻿ / 4.983; 112.617 | Luconia Shoals | | | Unoccupied, near , China Coast Guard regular patrol |
| Lys Shoal [zh] | 11°19′N 114°35′E﻿ / ﻿11.317°N 114.583°E﻿ / 11.317; 114.583 | Trident & Lys | | | |
| Maralie Reef [zh] /Bittern Reef | 9°12′N 113°40′E﻿ / ﻿9.200°N 113.667°E﻿ / 9.200; 113.667 | SW Dangerous Ground | | | |
| Marie Louise Bank [zh] | 11°55′N 116°47′E﻿ / ﻿11.917°N 116.783°E﻿ / 11.917; 116.783 | Reed Tablemount | | | Unoccupied, the east of the 116°E meridian |
| McKennan Reef [zh] /Kennan Reef | 9°54′N 114°28′E﻿ / ﻿9.900°N 114.467°E﻿ / 9.900; 114.467 | Union Banks | | | Unoccupied, near Hughes Reef |
| Menzies Reef [zh] | 11°09′N 114°48′E﻿ / ﻿11.150°N 114.800°E﻿ / 11.150; 114.800 | NNW Dangerous Ground | | | |
| Moody Reef [zh] | 5°37′38″N 112°21′38″E﻿ / ﻿5.62722°N 112.36056°E﻿ / 5.62722; 112.36056 | Luconia Shoals | | | Unoccupied, near |
| Nares Bank [zh] | 11°35′N 116°15′E﻿ / ﻿11.583°N 116.250°E﻿ / 11.583; 116.250 | Reed Tablemount | | | Unoccupied, the east of the 116°E meridian |
| North East Shoal [zh] | 8°31′N 115°15′E﻿ / ﻿8.517°N 115.250°E﻿ / 8.517; 115.250 | SE Dangerous Ground | | | |
| North Luconia Shoals [zh] | 5°39′N 112°28′E﻿ / ﻿5.650°N 112.467°E﻿ / 5.650; 112.467 | Luconia Shoals | | | Unoccupied, near |
| South Luconia Shoals [zh] | 5°05′N 112°40′E﻿ / ﻿5.083°N 112.667°E﻿ / 5.083; 112.667 | Luconia Shoals | | | Unoccupied, near |
| North Reef (Spratly Islands) [zh] | 11°28′N 114°23′E﻿ / ﻿11.467°N 114.383°E﻿ / 11.467; 114.383 | North Danger Reef | | | Unoccupied, near Northeast Cay |
| North Viper Shoal [zh] | 8°02′N 115°23′E﻿ / ﻿8.033°N 115.383°E﻿ / 8.033; 115.383 | SE Dangerous Ground | | | |
| South Viper Shoal [zh] | 7°30′N 115°00′E﻿ / ﻿7.500°N 115.000°E﻿ / 7.500; 115.000 | ESE Dangerous Ground | | | |
| Owen Shoal [zh] | 8°9′N 111°58′E﻿ / ﻿8.150°N 111.967°E﻿ / 8.150; 111.967 | - | | | Unoccupied, near Bombay Castle |
| Pennsylvania North Reef [zh] | 10°48′N 116°51′E﻿ / ﻿10.800°N 116.850°E﻿ / 10.800; 116.850 | Reed Tablemount | | | Unoccupied, the east of the 116°E meridian |
| Pennsylvania South Reef [zh] /Magat Salamat Reef | 10°23′N 116°34′E﻿ / ﻿10.383°N 116.567°E﻿ / 10.383; 116.567 | NE Dangerous Ground- | | | Unoccupied, the east of the 116°E meridian |
| Reed Bank | 11°20′N 116°50′E﻿ / ﻿11.333°N 116.833°E﻿ / 11.333; 116.833 | Reed Tablemount | | | Unoccupied, the east of the 116°E meridian |
| Richmond Reef [zh] | 5°3′0″N 112°39′52″E﻿ / ﻿5.05000°N 112.66444°E﻿ / 5.05000; 112.66444 | Luconia Shoals | | | Unoccupied, near |
| Royal Captain Shoal | 9°01′N 116°40′E﻿ / ﻿9.017°N 116.667°E﻿ / 9.017; 116.667 | ESE Dangerous Ground | | | Unoccupied, the east of the 116°E meridian |
| Royal Charlotte Reef [zh] | 6°57′N 113°35′E﻿ / ﻿6.950°N 113.583°E﻿ / 6.950; 113.583 | SW Dangerous Ground | | | Unoccupied, near , China Coast Guard regular patrol |
| Sabina Shoal | 9°45′N 116°28′E﻿ / ﻿9.750°N 116.467°E﻿ / 9.750; 116.467 | SE Dangerous Ground | | | Unoccupied, the east of the 116°E meridian |
| Sandy Cay (Spratly Islands) [zh] | 11°04′N 114°13′E﻿ / ﻿11.067°N 114.217°E﻿ / 11.067; 114.217 | Thitu Reefs [zh] | | | Unoccupied, near Thitu Island |
| Sandy Shoal [zh] | 11°02′N 117°38′E﻿ / ﻿11.033°N 117.633°E﻿ / 11.033; 117.633 | NE Dangerous Ground- | | | Unoccupied, the east of the 116°E meridian |
| Seahorse Breakers [zh] | 5°30′N 112°35′E﻿ / ﻿5.500°N 112.583°E﻿ / 5.500; 112.583 | Luconia Shoals | | | Unoccupied, near |
| Seahorse Shoal [zh] | 10°48′N 117°47′E﻿ / ﻿10.800°N 117.783°E﻿ / 10.800; 117.783 | NE Dangerous Ground- | | | Unoccupied, the east of the 116°E meridian |
| Southern Bank (Spratly Islands) [zh] | 10°28′N 116°45′E﻿ / ﻿10.467°N 116.750°E﻿ / 10.467; 116.750 | NE Dangerous Ground- | | | Unoccupied, the east of the 116°E meridian |
| Stag Shoal [zh] | 8°27′N 112°57′E﻿ / ﻿8.450°N 112.950°E﻿ / 8.450; 112.950 | - | | | |
| Stigant Reef [zh] | 5°1′28″N 112°28′45″E﻿ / ﻿5.02444°N 112.47917°E﻿ / 5.02444; 112.47917 | Luconia Shoals | | | Unoccupied, near |
| Tagpi [zh] | 10°33′N 116°56′E﻿ / ﻿10.550°N 116.933°E﻿ / 10.550; 116.933 | NE Dangerous Ground- | | | Unoccupied, the east of the 116°E meridian |
| Templar Bank [zh] | 11°01′N 117°17′E﻿ / ﻿11.017°N 117.283°E﻿ / 11.017; 117.283 | NE Dangerous Ground- | | | Unoccupied, the east of the 116°E meridian |
| Third Thomas Shoal | 10°54′N 115°56′E﻿ / ﻿10.900°N 115.933°E﻿ / 10.900; 115.933 | NE Dangerous Ground | | | |
| Thitu Reef [zh] | 11°05′N 114°23′E﻿ / ﻿11.083°N 114.383°E﻿ / 11.083; 114.383 | Thitu Reefs [zh] | | | Unoccupied, near Thitu Island |
| Trident Shoal [zh] | 11°24′N 114°40′E﻿ / ﻿11.400°N 114.667°E﻿ / 11.400; 114.667 | Trident & Lys | | | |
| Tripp Reef [zh] | 5°28′30″N 112°28′30″E﻿ / ﻿5.47500°N 112.47500°E﻿ / 5.47500; 112.47500 | Luconia Shoals | | | Unoccupied, near |
| Western Reef | 10°14′N 113°38.33′E﻿ / ﻿10.233°N 113.63883°E﻿ / 10.233; 113.63883 | W of Tizard Banks | | | |
| Whitson Reef | 09°59′N 114°39′E﻿ / ﻿9.983°N 114.650°E﻿ / 9.983; 114.650 | Union Banks | | | Unoccupied, China Coast Guard regular patrol |

### Occupied features

* Legend:
* Republic of China (Taiwan): 1: Taiping 2: Zhongzhou
* People's Republic of China: 3: Yongshu 4: Meiji 5: Zhubi 6: Huayang 7: Nanxun 8: Chiguo 9: Dongmen
* Philippines: 10: Flat Island 11: Lankiam Cay 12: Loaita Cay 13: Loaita Island 14: Nanshan Island 15: Northeast Cay 16: Thitu Island 17: West York Island 18: Commodore Reef 19: Irving Reef 20: Second Thomas Shoal
* Vietnam: 21: Southwest Cay 22: Sand Cay 23: Namyit Island 24: Sin Cowe Island 25: Spratly Island 26: Amboyna Cay 27: Grierson Reef 28: Central London Reef 29: Pearson Reef 30: Barque Canada Reef 31: West London Reef 32: Ladd Reef 33: Discovery Great Reef 34: Pigeon Reef 35: East London Reef 36: Alison Reef 37: Cornwallis South Reef 38: Petley Reef 39: South Reef 40: Collins Reef 41: Lansdowne Reef 42: Bombay Castle 43: Prince of Wales Bank [zh] 44: Vanguard Bank [zh] 45: Prince Consort Bank [zh] 46: Grainger Bank [zh] 47: Alexandra Bank [zh] 48: Orleana Shoal [zh] 49: Kingston Shoal [zh]
* Malaysia: 50: Swallow Reef 51: Ardasier Reef 52: Dallas Reef 53: Erica Reef 54: Investigator Shoal 55: Mariveles Reef
* Brunei: 56: Louisa Reef

#### Brunei Darussalam

Note that Louisa Reef was controlled by Brunei since 2009.
Brunei :
| Int'l Name | Local Names | Description | Area (ha.) |
| Louisa Reef | 南通礁 南通礁 Nantong Jiao | Rocks 1 m high. Malaysia operates a lighthouse here. | 0 |
| Louisa Reef | Terumbu Semarang / Barat Kecil | Rocks 1 m high. Malaysia operates a lighthouse here. | 0 |
| Total | | 1 reef | 0 |

#### Malaysia

Note that the Royal Malaysian Navy have established 5 Offshore naval stations (Offshore EEZ Stations) on reclaimed land:
* 1983: Station Lima (Swallow Reef)
* 1986: Station Uniform (Ardasier Reef)
* 1986: Station Mike (Mariveles Reef)
* 1999: Station Sierra (Erica Reef)
* 1999: Station Papa (Investigator Shoal)
Malaysia :
| Int'l Name | Local Names | Description | Area (ha.) | Reclaimed area |
| Swallow Reef/ Island | Celerio | The eleventh largest Spratly island. Treeless cay and rocks up to 3 m high surround a lagoon. Malaysia has drawn territorial seas around this and Amboyna Cay. Some 70 plus soldiers stationed at Royal Malaysian Navy offshore EEZ station "Lima". Has a 1.4 km airstrip, jetty and dive resort. Occupied since 1983. | 6.2 | ~35ha |
| Swallow Reef/ Island | 弹丸礁 彈丸礁 Danwan Jiao | The eleventh largest Spratly island. Treeless cay and rocks up to 3 m high surround a lagoon. Malaysia has drawn territorial seas around this and Amboyna Cay. Some 70 plus soldiers stationed at Royal Malaysian Navy offshore EEZ station "Lima". Has a 1.4 km airstrip, jetty and dive resort. Occupied since 1983. | 6.2 | ~35ha |
| Swallow Reef/ Island | Đá Hoa Lau | The eleventh largest Spratly island. Treeless cay and rocks up to 3 m high surround a lagoon. Malaysia has drawn territorial seas around this and Amboyna Cay. Some 70 plus soldiers stationed at Royal Malaysian Navy offshore EEZ station "Lima". Has a 1.4 km airstrip, jetty and dive resort. Occupied since 1983. | 6.2 | ~35ha |
| Swallow Reef/ Island | Terumbu Layang Layang | The eleventh largest Spratly island. Treeless cay and rocks up to 3 m high surround a lagoon. Malaysia has drawn territorial seas around this and Amboyna Cay. Some 70 plus soldiers stationed at Royal Malaysian Navy offshore EEZ station "Lima". Has a 1.4 km airstrip, jetty and dive resort. Occupied since 1983. | 6.2 | ~35ha |
| Ardasier Reef | Antonio Luna | 07°38′N 113°56′E﻿ / ﻿7.633°N 113.933°E﻿ / 7.633; 113.933 Naturally above water only at low tide. Encloses a lagoon. Has a few sandy patches. Several soldiers stationed at Royal Malaysian Navy offshore EEZ station "Uniform". Occupied since 1986. | 0 |
| Ardasier Reef | 光星仔礁 光星仔礁 Guangxingzai Jiao | 07°38′N 113°56′E﻿ / ﻿7.633°N 113.933°E﻿ / 7.633; 113.933 Naturally above water only at low tide. Encloses a lagoon. Has a few sandy patches. Several soldiers stationed at Royal Malaysian Navy offshore EEZ station "Uniform". Occupied since 1986. | 0 |
| Ardasier Reef | Bãi Kiêu Ngựa | 07°38′N 113°56′E﻿ / ﻿7.633°N 113.933°E﻿ / 7.633; 113.933 Naturally above water only at low tide. Encloses a lagoon. Has a few sandy patches. Several soldiers stationed at Royal Malaysian Navy offshore EEZ station "Uniform". Occupied since 1986. | 0 |
| Ardasier Reef | Terumbu Ubi | 07°38′N 113°56′E﻿ / ﻿7.633°N 113.933°E﻿ / 7.633; 113.933 Naturally above water only at low tide. Encloses a lagoon. Has a few sandy patches. Several soldiers stationed at Royal Malaysian Navy offshore EEZ station "Uniform". Occupied since 1986. | 0 |
| Dallas Reef | Rajah Matanda | Naturally above water only at low tide. Encloses a lagoon. Several soldiers stationed. Malaysia is also using this reef for tourism. | 0 |
| Dallas Reef | 光星礁 Guangxing Jiao | Naturally above water only at low tide. Encloses a lagoon. Several soldiers stationed. Malaysia is also using this reef for tourism. | 0 |
| Dallas Reef | Đá Suối Cát | Naturally above water only at low tide. Encloses a lagoon. Several soldiers stationed. Malaysia is also using this reef for tourism. | 0 |
| Dallas Reef | Terumbu Laya | Naturally above water only at low tide. Encloses a lagoon. Several soldiers stationed. Malaysia is also using this reef for tourism. | 0 |
| Erica Reef / Enloa Reef | Gabriela Silang | Above water only at low tide. Some isolated rocks on the eastern edge stand above high water. Several soldiers stationed at Royal Malaysian Navy offshore EEZ station "Sierra". Occupied since 1999. | 0 |
| Erica Reef / Enloa Reef | 簸箕礁 簸箕礁 Boji Jiao | Above water only at low tide. Some isolated rocks on the eastern edge stand above high water. Several soldiers stationed at Royal Malaysian Navy offshore EEZ station "Sierra". Occupied since 1999. | 0 |
| Erica Reef / Enloa Reef | Đá Én Ca | Above water only at low tide. Some isolated rocks on the eastern edge stand above high water. Several soldiers stationed at Royal Malaysian Navy offshore EEZ station "Sierra". Occupied since 1999. | 0 |
| Erica Reef / Enloa Reef | Terumbu Siput | Above water only at low tide. Some isolated rocks on the eastern edge stand above high water. Several soldiers stationed at Royal Malaysian Navy offshore EEZ station "Sierra". Occupied since 1999. | 0 |
| Investigator Shoal | Pawikan | Above water only at low tide. Some large rocks at the western end are visible at high water. Encloses a lagoon. Several soldiers stationed at Royal Malaysian Navy offshore EEZ station "Papa". Occupied since 1999. | 0 |
| Investigator Shoal | 榆亚暗沙 榆亞暗沙 Yuya Ansha | Above water only at low tide. Some large rocks at the western end are visible at high water. Encloses a lagoon. Several soldiers stationed at Royal Malaysian Navy offshore EEZ station "Papa". Occupied since 1999. | 0 |
| Investigator Shoal | Bãi Thám Hiểm | Above water only at low tide. Some large rocks at the western end are visible at high water. Encloses a lagoon. Several soldiers stationed at Royal Malaysian Navy offshore EEZ station "Papa". Occupied since 1999. | 0 |
| Investigator Shoal | Terumbu Peninjau | Above water only at low tide. Some large rocks at the western end are visible at high water. Encloses a lagoon. Several soldiers stationed at Royal Malaysian Navy offshore EEZ station "Papa". Occupied since 1999. | 0 |
| Mariveles Reef | Mariveles | A sand cay, 1.5–2 m high, surrounded by two lagoons, parts of which are above water at high tide. Several soldiers stationed at Royal Malaysian Navy offshore EEZ station "Mike". Occupied since 1986. | 0 |
| Mariveles Reef | 南海礁 南海礁 Nanhai Jiao | A sand cay, 1.5–2 m high, surrounded by two lagoons, parts of which are above water at high tide. Several soldiers stationed at Royal Malaysian Navy offshore EEZ station "Mike". Occupied since 1986. | 0 |
| Mariveles Reef | Đá Kỳ Vân | A sand cay, 1.5–2 m high, surrounded by two lagoons, parts of which are above water at high tide. Several soldiers stationed at Royal Malaysian Navy offshore EEZ station "Mike". Occupied since 1986. | 0 |
| Mariveles Reef | Terumbu Mantanani | A sand cay, 1.5–2 m high, surrounded by two lagoons, parts of which are above water at high tide. Several soldiers stationed at Royal Malaysian Navy offshore EEZ station "Mike". Occupied since 1986. | 0 |
| Total | | 1 island, 4 reefs, and 1 shoal | 6.2 |

#### People's Republic of China

People's Republic of China :
| Int'l Name | Local Names | Description | Area (ha.) | Reclaimed area |
| Cuarteron Reef | 华阳礁 Huayang Jiao | 8°53′00″N 112°51′05″E﻿ / ﻿8.88333°N 112.85139°E﻿ / 8.88333; 112.85139 - Part of London Reefs. Natural features Coral rocks only. Highest are 1.5 m high, on the north. Occupation before land reclamation Occupied by PRC since 1988. As of 2011, has permanent reef fortresses and supply platforms able to resist winds up to 71 knots and equipped with VHF / UHF communications equipment, search radars as well as naval guns and anti-aircraft guns, which can serve as docks for Chinese navy patrol boats. Land reclamation Intelligence reports of November 2014 suggest the reef has been transformed into an island of yet unknown size, due to PRC's land reclamation activities. By June 2015, the land reclamation had reached 0.231 km2 and appeared complete. | 0 | 23.1 ha |
| Cuarteron Reef | Calderon | 8°53′00″N 112°51′05″E﻿ / ﻿8.88333°N 112.85139°E﻿ / 8.88333; 112.85139 - Part of London Reefs. Natural features Coral rocks only. Highest are 1.5 m high, on the north. Occupation before land reclamation Occupied by PRC since 1988. As of 2011, has permanent reef fortresses and supply platforms able to resist winds up to 71 knots and equipped with VHF / UHF communications equipment, search radars as well as naval guns and anti-aircraft guns, which can serve as docks for Chinese navy patrol boats. Land reclamation Intelligence reports of November 2014 suggest the reef has been transformed into an island of yet unknown size, due to PRC's land reclamation activities. By June 2015, the land reclamation had reached 0.231 km2 and appeared complete. | 0 | 23.1 ha |
| Cuarteron Reef | Đá Châu Viên | 8°53′00″N 112°51′05″E﻿ / ﻿8.88333°N 112.85139°E﻿ / 8.88333; 112.85139 - Part of London Reefs. Natural features Coral rocks only. Highest are 1.5 m high, on the north. Occupation before land reclamation Occupied by PRC since 1988. As of 2011, has permanent reef fortresses and supply platforms able to resist winds up to 71 knots and equipped with VHF / UHF communications equipment, search radars as well as naval guns and anti-aircraft guns, which can serve as docks for Chinese navy patrol boats. Land reclamation Intelligence reports of November 2014 suggest the reef has been transformed into an island of yet unknown size, due to PRC's land reclamation activities. By June 2015, the land reclamation had reached 0.231 km2 and appeared complete. | 0 | 23.1 ha |
| Fiery Cross Reef / Northwest Investigator Reef | 永暑礁 Yongshu Jiao | 9°37′N 112°58′E﻿ / ﻿9.617°N 112.967°E﻿ / 9.617; 112.967 - West of Union Banks Natural features Rocks up to 1 m high. [5] says all below high tide, but guano deposits disagree. Occupation before land reclamation Occupied by PRC since 1988. "Marine observation station" built by PRC in 1988; PRC built a navy harbor by blasting, piling up and cementing coral; coconut, fir, and banyan trees planted. As of 2011, designated the PRC main command headquarters; equipped with satellite data transmission, surface and air search radars; armed with at least four high-powered naval guns and several gun emplacements. Land reclamation Intelligence reports of November 2014 observed that the reef has been transformed into an island 3,000m long and 200-300m wide due to PRC land reclamation activities. In February 2015, land reclamation was already estimated having reached 2.3 km$^2$, turning the reef to the largest landmass in Spratly islands. The reclaimed area was estimated to have grown to 2.65 km2 in April 2015. By June 2015, the land reclamation had reached 2.74 km2 and appeared complete. | 0 | 274 ha |
| Fiery Cross Reef / Northwest Investigator Reef | Kagitingan | 9°37′N 112°58′E﻿ / ﻿9.617°N 112.967°E﻿ / 9.617; 112.967 - West of Union Banks Natural features Rocks up to 1 m high. [5] says all below high tide, but guano deposits disagree. Occupation before land reclamation Occupied by PRC since 1988. "Marine observation station" built by PRC in 1988; PRC built a navy harbor by blasting, piling up and cementing coral; coconut, fir, and banyan trees planted. As of 2011, designated the PRC main command headquarters; equipped with satellite data transmission, surface and air search radars; armed with at least four high-powered naval guns and several gun emplacements. Land reclamation Intelligence reports of November 2014 observed that the reef has been transformed into an island 3,000m long and 200-300m wide due to PRC land reclamation activities. In February 2015, land reclamation was already estimated having reached 2.3 km$^2$, turning the reef to the largest landmass in Spratly islands. The reclaimed area was estimated to have grown to 2.65 km2 in April 2015. By June 2015, the land reclamation had reached 2.74 km2 and appeared complete. | 0 | 274 ha |
| Fiery Cross Reef / Northwest Investigator Reef | Đá Chữ Thập | 9°37′N 112°58′E﻿ / ﻿9.617°N 112.967°E﻿ / 9.617; 112.967 - West of Union Banks Natural features Rocks up to 1 m high. [5] says all below high tide, but guano deposits disagree. Occupation before land reclamation Occupied by PRC since 1988. "Marine observation station" built by PRC in 1988; PRC built a navy harbor by blasting, piling up and cementing coral; coconut, fir, and banyan trees planted. As of 2011, designated the PRC main command headquarters; equipped with satellite data transmission, surface and air search radars; armed with at least four high-powered naval guns and several gun emplacements. Land reclamation Intelligence reports of November 2014 observed that the reef has been transformed into an island 3,000m long and 200-300m wide due to PRC land reclamation activities. In February 2015, land reclamation was already estimated having reached 2.3 km$^2$, turning the reef to the largest landmass in Spratly islands. The reclaimed area was estimated to have grown to 2.65 km2 in April 2015. By June 2015, the land reclamation had reached 2.74 km2 and appeared complete. | 0 | 274 ha |
| Gaven Reefs | 南薰礁 Nanxun Jiao (Northern reef) / Xinan or Duolu Jiao (Southern reef) | 10°12′48″N 114°13′9″E﻿ / ﻿10.21333°N 114.21917°E﻿ / 10.21333; 114.21917 - Part of Tizard Banks. Natural features A sand dune, 2 m high. Has fringing reef plus a reef 2 miles (3 km) to the south, both covered at high tide. Occupation before land reclamation Southern reef was occupied by PRC on 7/4/92. Occupied since 1988. As of 2011, has permanent reef fortresses and supply platforms able to resist winds up to 71 knots and equipped with VHF / UHF communications equipment, search radars as well as naval guns and anti-aircraft guns, which can serve as docks for Chinese navy patrol boats. Land reclamation Intelligence reports of November 2014 observed that the reef has been transformed into an island of yet unknown size due to PRC land reclamation activities. By June 2015, the land reclamation had reached 0.136 km2 and appeared complete. | 0 | 13.6 ha |
| Gaven Reefs | Burgos | 10°12′48″N 114°13′9″E﻿ / ﻿10.21333°N 114.21917°E﻿ / 10.21333; 114.21917 - Part of Tizard Banks. Natural features A sand dune, 2 m high. Has fringing reef plus a reef 2 miles (3 km) to the south, both covered at high tide. Occupation before land reclamation Southern reef was occupied by PRC on 7/4/92. Occupied since 1988. As of 2011, has permanent reef fortresses and supply platforms able to resist winds up to 71 knots and equipped with VHF / UHF communications equipment, search radars as well as naval guns and anti-aircraft guns, which can serve as docks for Chinese navy patrol boats. Land reclamation Intelligence reports of November 2014 observed that the reef has been transformed into an island of yet unknown size due to PRC land reclamation activities. By June 2015, the land reclamation had reached 0.136 km2 and appeared complete. | 0 | 13.6 ha |
| Gaven Reefs | Đá Ga Ven (N. reef) / Đá Lạc (S. reef) | 10°12′48″N 114°13′9″E﻿ / ﻿10.21333°N 114.21917°E﻿ / 10.21333; 114.21917 - Part of Tizard Banks. Natural features A sand dune, 2 m high. Has fringing reef plus a reef 2 miles (3 km) to the south, both covered at high tide. Occupation before land reclamation Southern reef was occupied by PRC on 7/4/92. Occupied since 1988. As of 2011, has permanent reef fortresses and supply platforms able to resist winds up to 71 knots and equipped with VHF / UHF communications equipment, search radars as well as naval guns and anti-aircraft guns, which can serve as docks for Chinese navy patrol boats. Land reclamation Intelligence reports of November 2014 observed that the reef has been transformed into an island of yet unknown size due to PRC land reclamation activities. By June 2015, the land reclamation had reached 0.136 km2 and appeared complete. | 0 | 13.6 ha |
| Hughes Reef | 东门礁 Dongmen Jiao | 9°55′N 114°30′E﻿ / ﻿9.917°N 114.500°E﻿ / 9.917; 114.500 - Part of Union Banks. Natural features Lies 9 miles (14 km) to the east of Sin Cowe Island. Naturally above water at least at low tide. Occupation before land reclamation Occupied since 1988. Has a lighthouse on top of a two storied Chinese defence outpost. Land reclamation Imagery captured on 24 January 2015 shows 0.75 km$^2$ of reclaimed land and the construction of a large facility in progress. By June 2015, the land reclamation had reached 0.76 km2 and appeared complete. | 0 | 7.6 ha |
| Hughes Reef | Đá Tư Nghĩa | 9°55′N 114°30′E﻿ / ﻿9.917°N 114.500°E﻿ / 9.917; 114.500 - Part of Union Banks. Natural features Lies 9 miles (14 km) to the east of Sin Cowe Island. Naturally above water at least at low tide. Occupation before land reclamation Occupied since 1988. Has a lighthouse on top of a two storied Chinese defence outpost. Land reclamation Imagery captured on 24 January 2015 shows 0.75 km$^2$ of reclaimed land and the construction of a large facility in progress. By June 2015, the land reclamation had reached 0.76 km2 and appeared complete. | 0 | 7.6 ha |
| Johnson South Reef | 赤瓜礁 Chigua Jiao | 9°42′50″N 114°17′10″E﻿ / ﻿9.71389°N 114.286°E﻿ / 9.71389; 114.286 - Part of Union Banks. Natural features Contiguous with Vietnam-occupied Collins Reef which lies 4 miles (6 km) away northwest. Naturally above water only at low tide, but many rocks above water at high tide. Occupation before land reclamation Site of 1988 PRC/Vietnam clash. Occupied since 1988. As of 2011, has permanent reef fortresses and supply platforms able to resist winds up to 71 knots and equipped with VHF / UHF communications equipment, search radars as well as naval guns and anti-aircraft guns, which can serve as docks for Chinese navy patrol boats. Land reclamation Intelligence reports of November 2014 observed that the reef has been transformed into an island about 500m by 200m due to PRC land reclamation activities. By June 2015, the land reclamation had reached 0.109 km2 and appeared complete. | 0 | 10.9 ha |
| Johnson South Reef | Mabini | 9°42′50″N 114°17′10″E﻿ / ﻿9.71389°N 114.286°E﻿ / 9.71389; 114.286 - Part of Union Banks. Natural features Contiguous with Vietnam-occupied Collins Reef which lies 4 miles (6 km) away northwest. Naturally above water only at low tide, but many rocks above water at high tide. Occupation before land reclamation Site of 1988 PRC/Vietnam clash. Occupied since 1988. As of 2011, has permanent reef fortresses and supply platforms able to resist winds up to 71 knots and equipped with VHF / UHF communications equipment, search radars as well as naval guns and anti-aircraft guns, which can serve as docks for Chinese navy patrol boats. Land reclamation Intelligence reports of November 2014 observed that the reef has been transformed into an island about 500m by 200m due to PRC land reclamation activities. By June 2015, the land reclamation had reached 0.109 km2 and appeared complete. | 0 | 10.9 ha |
| Johnson South Reef | Đá Gạc Ma | 9°42′50″N 114°17′10″E﻿ / ﻿9.71389°N 114.286°E﻿ / 9.71389; 114.286 - Part of Union Banks. Natural features Contiguous with Vietnam-occupied Collins Reef which lies 4 miles (6 km) away northwest. Naturally above water only at low tide, but many rocks above water at high tide. Occupation before land reclamation Site of 1988 PRC/Vietnam clash. Occupied since 1988. As of 2011, has permanent reef fortresses and supply platforms able to resist winds up to 71 knots and equipped with VHF / UHF communications equipment, search radars as well as naval guns and anti-aircraft guns, which can serve as docks for Chinese navy patrol boats. Land reclamation Intelligence reports of November 2014 observed that the reef has been transformed into an island about 500m by 200m due to PRC land reclamation activities. By June 2015, the land reclamation had reached 0.109 km2 and appeared complete. | 0 | 10.9 ha |
| Mischief Reef | 美济礁 Meiji Jiao | 9°55′N 115°32′E﻿ / ﻿9.917°N 115.533°E﻿ / 9.917; 115.533 - East of the centre of Dangerous Ground. Natural features Some rocks above water at low tide. Has a large lagoon. Occupation before land reclamation In February 1995, PRC had built a wooden complex on stilts here, starting its formal occupation of the feature. In 1999, the Philippines protested over the expanded structures claiming that it is a military outpost and it poses danger to Philippine security and national defense, being 130 miles (209 km) from Palawan. PRC claimed it was a shelter for fishermen. By 2011, the "shelters" were equipped with satellite communications and radars, and the reef had four building complexes with 13 multi-storey buildings. Fifty Chinese Marines are permanently stationed there. Land reclamation In March 2015, it was detected that the PRC had started land reclamation activities on the reef. By April 2015, the reclaimed area had rapidly grown to almost 2.5 km2, and further reclamation was on-going around the reef. By June 2015, the land reclamation had reached 5.58 km2 and appeared nearing completion. | 0 | 558 ha |
| Mischief Reef | Panganiban | 9°55′N 115°32′E﻿ / ﻿9.917°N 115.533°E﻿ / 9.917; 115.533 - East of the centre of Dangerous Ground. Natural features Some rocks above water at low tide. Has a large lagoon. Occupation before land reclamation In February 1995, PRC had built a wooden complex on stilts here, starting its formal occupation of the feature. In 1999, the Philippines protested over the expanded structures claiming that it is a military outpost and it poses danger to Philippine security and national defense, being 130 miles (209 km) from Palawan. PRC claimed it was a shelter for fishermen. By 2011, the "shelters" were equipped with satellite communications and radars, and the reef had four building complexes with 13 multi-storey buildings. Fifty Chinese Marines are permanently stationed there. Land reclamation In March 2015, it was detected that the PRC had started land reclamation activities on the reef. By April 2015, the reclaimed area had rapidly grown to almost 2.5 km2, and further reclamation was on-going around the reef. By June 2015, the land reclamation had reached 5.58 km2 and appeared nearing completion. | 0 | 558 ha |
| Mischief Reef | Đá Vành Khăn | 9°55′N 115°32′E﻿ / ﻿9.917°N 115.533°E﻿ / 9.917; 115.533 - East of the centre of Dangerous Ground. Natural features Some rocks above water at low tide. Has a large lagoon. Occupation before land reclamation In February 1995, PRC had built a wooden complex on stilts here, starting its formal occupation of the feature. In 1999, the Philippines protested over the expanded structures claiming that it is a military outpost and it poses danger to Philippine security and national defense, being 130 miles (209 km) from Palawan. PRC claimed it was a shelter for fishermen. By 2011, the "shelters" were equipped with satellite communications and radars, and the reef had four building complexes with 13 multi-storey buildings. Fifty Chinese Marines are permanently stationed there. Land reclamation In March 2015, it was detected that the PRC had started land reclamation activities on the reef. By April 2015, the reclaimed area had rapidly grown to almost 2.5 km2, and further reclamation was on-going around the reef. By June 2015, the land reclamation had reached 5.58 km2 and appeared nearing completion. | 0 | 558 ha |
| Subi (Zhubi) Reef | 渚碧礁 Zhubi Dao | 10°54′48″N 114°03′43″E﻿ / ﻿10.9133°N 114.062°E﻿ / 10.9133; 114.062 - West of Thitu Reefs. Natural features Lies 16 miles (26 km) southwest of Philippine-occupied Thitu Island (Pagasa Island). Naturally above water only at low tide. Surrounds a lagoon. Occupation before land reclamation As of 2011, PRC has built a permanent reef fortress and supply platform that can house 160 troops. This garrison has a helipad and is armed with four twin barrel 37-millimeter naval guns. Houses a doppler weather radar. Land reclamation Intelligence reports of March 2015 observed that the reef has been transformed into an island about 1.8 km$^2$ due to PRC land reclamation activities. In April 2015, the reclaimed area was about 2.27 km2 and growing. Two months later, the reclaimed area had grown to 3.87 km2. Later in June 2015, the land reclamation had reached 3.95 km2 and appeared nearing completion. | 0 | 395 ha |
| Subi (Zhubi) Reef | Zamora | 10°54′48″N 114°03′43″E﻿ / ﻿10.9133°N 114.062°E﻿ / 10.9133; 114.062 - West of Thitu Reefs. Natural features Lies 16 miles (26 km) southwest of Philippine-occupied Thitu Island (Pagasa Island). Naturally above water only at low tide. Surrounds a lagoon. Occupation before land reclamation As of 2011, PRC has built a permanent reef fortress and supply platform that can house 160 troops. This garrison has a helipad and is armed with four twin barrel 37-millimeter naval guns. Houses a doppler weather radar. Land reclamation Intelligence reports of March 2015 observed that the reef has been transformed into an island about 1.8 km$^2$ due to PRC land reclamation activities. In April 2015, the reclaimed area was about 2.27 km2 and growing. Two months later, the reclaimed area had grown to 3.87 km2. Later in June 2015, the land reclamation had reached 3.95 km2 and appeared nearing completion. | 0 | 395 ha |
| Subi (Zhubi) Reef | Đá Xu Bi | 10°54′48″N 114°03′43″E﻿ / ﻿10.9133°N 114.062°E﻿ / 10.9133; 114.062 - West of Thitu Reefs. Natural features Lies 16 miles (26 km) southwest of Philippine-occupied Thitu Island (Pagasa Island). Naturally above water only at low tide. Surrounds a lagoon. Occupation before land reclamation As of 2011, PRC has built a permanent reef fortress and supply platform that can house 160 troops. This garrison has a helipad and is armed with four twin barrel 37-millimeter naval guns. Houses a doppler weather radar. Land reclamation Intelligence reports of March 2015 observed that the reef has been transformed into an island about 1.8 km$^2$ due to PRC land reclamation activities. In April 2015, the reclaimed area was about 2.27 km2 and growing. Two months later, the reclaimed area had grown to 3.87 km2. Later in June 2015, the land reclamation had reached 3.95 km2 and appeared nearing completion. | 0 | 395 ha |
| Total | | 7 reefs of which 7 have artificial islands | 0 | 1350.6 ha |

#### Republic of China (Taiwan)

Republic of China (Taiwan) :
| Int'l Name | Local Names | Description | Area (ha.) |
| Taiping Island / Itu Aba | 太平島 Tàipíng Dǎo | 10°22′30″N 114°22′0″E﻿ / ﻿10.37500°N 114.36667°E﻿ / 10.37500; 114.36667 - Part of Tizard Banks. The largest of the Spratly islands, and one of the few islands in the South China Sea with its own source of fresh water. Located about 22 miles (35 km) south-southwest of Philippine-occupied Loaita (Kota) Island and about 6 miles (10 km) west of Vietnam-occupied Sand Cay. Covered with shrubs, coconut and mangroves. 600 soldiers stationed, lighthouse, radio and weather stations, concrete landing jetty and two wells at the SW end. Guano deposits, fringing reef. Hainan fishermen used to visit annually. In August 1993, plans were announced for a 2 km-long airstrip and a fishing port. The now only 1150-meters-long airstrip was completed in January 2008. Pineapple was once cultivated here. Occupied since September 1956, four months after Filipino Tomas Cloma claimed the islands. | 46 |
| Taiping Island / Itu Aba | Ligaw | 10°22′30″N 114°22′0″E﻿ / ﻿10.37500°N 114.36667°E﻿ / 10.37500; 114.36667 - Part of Tizard Banks. The largest of the Spratly islands, and one of the few islands in the South China Sea with its own source of fresh water. Located about 22 miles (35 km) south-southwest of Philippine-occupied Loaita (Kota) Island and about 6 miles (10 km) west of Vietnam-occupied Sand Cay. Covered with shrubs, coconut and mangroves. 600 soldiers stationed, lighthouse, radio and weather stations, concrete landing jetty and two wells at the SW end. Guano deposits, fringing reef. Hainan fishermen used to visit annually. In August 1993, plans were announced for a 2 km-long airstrip and a fishing port. The now only 1150-meters-long airstrip was completed in January 2008. Pineapple was once cultivated here. Occupied since September 1956, four months after Filipino Tomas Cloma claimed the islands. | 46 |
| Taiping Island / Itu Aba | Đảo Ba Bình | 10°22′30″N 114°22′0″E﻿ / ﻿10.37500°N 114.36667°E﻿ / 10.37500; 114.36667 - Part of Tizard Banks. The largest of the Spratly islands, and one of the few islands in the South China Sea with its own source of fresh water. Located about 22 miles (35 km) south-southwest of Philippine-occupied Loaita (Kota) Island and about 6 miles (10 km) west of Vietnam-occupied Sand Cay. Covered with shrubs, coconut and mangroves. 600 soldiers stationed, lighthouse, radio and weather stations, concrete landing jetty and two wells at the SW end. Guano deposits, fringing reef. Hainan fishermen used to visit annually. In August 1993, plans were announced for a 2 km-long airstrip and a fishing port. The now only 1150-meters-long airstrip was completed in January 2008. Pineapple was once cultivated here. Occupied since September 1956, four months after Filipino Tomas Cloma claimed the islands. | 46 |
| Taiping Island / Itu Aba | Other names: | Ligao, Huángshānmǎ Jiāo (黃山馬礁), Huángshānmǎ Zhì (黃山馬峙), Nagashima (長島) | 46 |
| Ban Than Reef / Zhongzhou Reef | 中洲礁 Zhongzhou Jiao | 10°23′10″N 114°24′49″E﻿ / ﻿10.38611°N 114.41361°E﻿ / 10.38611; 114.41361 - Part of Tizard Banks. Lies 3 miles (5 km) east of Itu Aba Island and 3 miles (5 km) west of Vietnamese occupied Sand Cay. Small drying reef. "Construction project" underway since March 1995. | 0 |
| Ban Than Reef / Zhongzhou Reef | Bãi Bàn Than | 10°23′10″N 114°24′49″E﻿ / ﻿10.38611°N 114.41361°E﻿ / 10.38611; 114.41361 - Part of Tizard Banks. Lies 3 miles (5 km) east of Itu Aba Island and 3 miles (5 km) west of Vietnamese occupied Sand Cay. Small drying reef. "Construction project" underway since March 1995. | 0 |
| Total | | 1 island and 1 reef | 46 |

#### Republic of the Philippines

Republic of the Philippines :
| Int'l Name | Local Names | Description | Area (ha.) |
| Flat Island | Patag | 10°49′00″N 115°49′20″E﻿ / ﻿10.81667°N 115.82222°E﻿ / 10.81667; 115.82222 The fourteenth largest Spratly island. About 6 miles (10 km) southwest of Philippine-occupied Lawak Island (Nanshan Island). It changes its shape seasonally; the sand build up depends largely on the direction of prevailing wind and waves - the island has taken an elongated shape, the shape of a crescent moon, and the shape of a letter "S". Like Panata Island (Lankiam Cay), it is also barren of any vegetation. No underground water source is found in the island. Presently, the island serves as a military observation post for the Municipality of Kalayaan. A low, flat, sandy cay, 240m by 90m, subject to erosion. No vegetation. Several soldiers stationed. | 0.57 |
| Flat Island | 费信岛 費信島 Feixin Dao | 10°49′00″N 115°49′20″E﻿ / ﻿10.81667°N 115.82222°E﻿ / 10.81667; 115.82222 The fourteenth largest Spratly island. About 6 miles (10 km) southwest of Philippine-occupied Lawak Island (Nanshan Island). It changes its shape seasonally; the sand build up depends largely on the direction of prevailing wind and waves - the island has taken an elongated shape, the shape of a crescent moon, and the shape of a letter "S". Like Panata Island (Lankiam Cay), it is also barren of any vegetation. No underground water source is found in the island. Presently, the island serves as a military observation post for the Municipality of Kalayaan. A low, flat, sandy cay, 240m by 90m, subject to erosion. No vegetation. Several soldiers stationed. | 0.57 |
| Flat Island | Đảo Bình Nguyên | 10°49′00″N 115°49′20″E﻿ / ﻿10.81667°N 115.82222°E﻿ / 10.81667; 115.82222 The fourteenth largest Spratly island. About 6 miles (10 km) southwest of Philippine-occupied Lawak Island (Nanshan Island). It changes its shape seasonally; the sand build up depends largely on the direction of prevailing wind and waves - the island has taken an elongated shape, the shape of a crescent moon, and the shape of a letter "S". Like Panata Island (Lankiam Cay), it is also barren of any vegetation. No underground water source is found in the island. Presently, the island serves as a military observation post for the Municipality of Kalayaan. A low, flat, sandy cay, 240m by 90m, subject to erosion. No vegetation. Several soldiers stationed. | 0.57 |
| Lankiam Cay | Panata | The sixteenth largest and the smallest Spratly island. Located 8 miles (13 km) northeast of Philippine-occupied Kota Island (Lankiam Cay). A few years ago this island has a surface area of more than 5 hectares but strong waves brought by a strong typhoon washed out the sandy surface (beach) of the island leaving behind today the calcarenite foundation that can be seen at low tide. Several soldiers stationed. Part of Loaita Banks. | 0.44 |
| Lankiam Cay | 杨信沙洲 杨信沙洲 Yangxin Shazhou | The sixteenth largest and the smallest Spratly island. Located 8 miles (13 km) northeast of Philippine-occupied Kota Island (Lankiam Cay). A few years ago this island has a surface area of more than 5 hectares but strong waves brought by a strong typhoon washed out the sandy surface (beach) of the island leaving behind today the calcarenite foundation that can be seen at low tide. Several soldiers stationed. Part of Loaita Banks. | 0.44 |
| Lankiam Cay | Đá An Nhơn | The sixteenth largest and the smallest Spratly island. Located 8 miles (13 km) northeast of Philippine-occupied Kota Island (Lankiam Cay). A few years ago this island has a surface area of more than 5 hectares but strong waves brought by a strong typhoon washed out the sandy surface (beach) of the island leaving behind today the calcarenite foundation that can be seen at low tide. Several soldiers stationed. Part of Loaita Banks. | 0.44 |
| Loaita Cay | Melchora Aquino | The fifteenth largest Spratly island. It's located about 5 nautical miles (9.3 km; 5.8 mi) northwest of Philippine-occupied Loaita Island, just west of the north of Dangerous Ground. The island is a low, flat, sandy cay, and is subject to erosion. It changes its shape seasonally. The sand build up depends largely on the direction of prevailing winds and waves; it has taken an elongated shape for some years. Several soldiers stationed. Occupied since 1968. Part of Loaita Banks. | 0.53 |
| Loaita Cay | 南钥沙洲 南钥沙洲 Nanyao Shazhou | The fifteenth largest Spratly island. It's located about 5 nautical miles (9.3 km; 5.8 mi) northwest of Philippine-occupied Loaita Island, just west of the north of Dangerous Ground. The island is a low, flat, sandy cay, and is subject to erosion. It changes its shape seasonally. The sand build up depends largely on the direction of prevailing winds and waves; it has taken an elongated shape for some years. Several soldiers stationed. Occupied since 1968. Part of Loaita Banks. | 0.53 |
| Loaita Cay | Đảo Loại Ta Tây | The fifteenth largest Spratly island. It's located about 5 nautical miles (9.3 km; 5.8 mi) northwest of Philippine-occupied Loaita Island, just west of the north of Dangerous Ground. The island is a low, flat, sandy cay, and is subject to erosion. It changes its shape seasonally. The sand build up depends largely on the direction of prevailing winds and waves; it has taken an elongated shape for some years. Several soldiers stationed. Occupied since 1968. Part of Loaita Banks. | 0.53 |
| Loaita Island | Kota | The tenth largest Spratly island. Located 22 miles (35 km) southeast of Philippine-occupied Pag-asa Island (Thitu Island) and 22 miles (35 km) north-northeast of the ROC-occupied Taiping Island. It fringes the Laoita bank and reef. Its calcarenite outcrop is visible along its western side at low tide. The present shape of the island indicates sand buildup along its eastern side. The anchor-shaped side will eventually connect with the northern portion as the sand buildup continues thereby creating another mini-lagoon in the process. The presence of migrating sea birds adds to the high phosphorus contents of the sand found in the island. Occasionally, giant sea turtles are reported to be laying their eggs in the island. Covered with mangrove bushes, above which rose coconut palms and other small trees. Several soldiers stationed. Occupied since 1968. Part of Loaita Banks. | 6.45 |
| Loaita Island | 南钥岛 南鑰島 Nanyue Dao | The tenth largest Spratly island. Located 22 miles (35 km) southeast of Philippine-occupied Pag-asa Island (Thitu Island) and 22 miles (35 km) north-northeast of the ROC-occupied Taiping Island. It fringes the Laoita bank and reef. Its calcarenite outcrop is visible along its western side at low tide. The present shape of the island indicates sand buildup along its eastern side. The anchor-shaped side will eventually connect with the northern portion as the sand buildup continues thereby creating another mini-lagoon in the process. The presence of migrating sea birds adds to the high phosphorus contents of the sand found in the island. Occasionally, giant sea turtles are reported to be laying their eggs in the island. Covered with mangrove bushes, above which rose coconut palms and other small trees. Several soldiers stationed. Occupied since 1968. Part of Loaita Banks. | 6.45 |
| Loaita Island | Đảo Loại Ta | The tenth largest Spratly island. Located 22 miles (35 km) southeast of Philippine-occupied Pag-asa Island (Thitu Island) and 22 miles (35 km) north-northeast of the ROC-occupied Taiping Island. It fringes the Laoita bank and reef. Its calcarenite outcrop is visible along its western side at low tide. The present shape of the island indicates sand buildup along its eastern side. The anchor-shaped side will eventually connect with the northern portion as the sand buildup continues thereby creating another mini-lagoon in the process. The presence of migrating sea birds adds to the high phosphorus contents of the sand found in the island. Occasionally, giant sea turtles are reported to be laying their eggs in the island. Covered with mangrove bushes, above which rose coconut palms and other small trees. Several soldiers stationed. Occupied since 1968. Part of Loaita Banks. | 6.45 |
| Nanshan Island | Lawak | 10°45′N 115°49′E﻿ / ﻿10.750°N 115.817°E﻿ / 10.750; 115.817 The eighth largest Spratly island. Located 98.0 miles (157.7 km) east of Pag-asa (Thitu Island). This island is a bird sanctuary. Its surroundings are highly phosphatized that superphosphate materials can be mined out on a small-scale basis. Near the fringes of the breakwaters (approx. 2 miles (3 km) from the island), intact hard coral reefs were observed to retain their natural environment and beautiful tropical fishes were seen colonizing these coral beds of varying colors. Covered with coconut trees, bushes and grass. 580 m long, on the edge of a submerged reef. Several soldiers stationed. Has a small helipad. | 7.93 |
| Nanshan Island | 马欢岛 馬歡島 Mahuan Dao | 10°45′N 115°49′E﻿ / ﻿10.750°N 115.817°E﻿ / 10.750; 115.817 The eighth largest Spratly island. Located 98.0 miles (157.7 km) east of Pag-asa (Thitu Island). This island is a bird sanctuary. Its surroundings are highly phosphatized that superphosphate materials can be mined out on a small-scale basis. Near the fringes of the breakwaters (approx. 2 miles (3 km) from the island), intact hard coral reefs were observed to retain their natural environment and beautiful tropical fishes were seen colonizing these coral beds of varying colors. Covered with coconut trees, bushes and grass. 580 m long, on the edge of a submerged reef. Several soldiers stationed. Has a small helipad. | 7.93 |
| Nanshan Island | Đảo Vĩnh Viễn | 10°45′N 115°49′E﻿ / ﻿10.750°N 115.817°E﻿ / 10.750; 115.817 The eighth largest Spratly island. Located 98.0 miles (157.7 km) east of Pag-asa (Thitu Island). This island is a bird sanctuary. Its surroundings are highly phosphatized that superphosphate materials can be mined out on a small-scale basis. Near the fringes of the breakwaters (approx. 2 miles (3 km) from the island), intact hard coral reefs were observed to retain their natural environment and beautiful tropical fishes were seen colonizing these coral beds of varying colors. Covered with coconut trees, bushes and grass. 580 m long, on the edge of a submerged reef. Several soldiers stationed. Has a small helipad. | 7.93 |
| Northeast Cay | Parola | 11°28′N 114°21′E﻿ / ﻿11.467°N 114.350°E﻿ / 11.467; 114.350 The fifth largest Spratly island. Only 1.75 miles (2.82 km) north of Vietnamese-occupied Southwest Cay and can be seen before the horizon. Located 28 miles (45 km) northwest of Philippine-occupied Pag-asa (Thitu Island). Some of its outcrops are visible on its western side. It has high salinity groundwater and vegetation limited to beach type of plants. The corals around the island were mostly destroyed by rampant use of dynamite fishing and cyanide method employed by foreign fishing boats in the past. Covered with grass and thick trees. Much of the ringing reef is above water at high tide. Supported a beacon in 1984. Has Guano deposits. Several soldiers stationed. Satellite photography suggests it may have an airstrip. Occupied since 1968. Part of North Danger Reef. | 12.7 |
| Northeast Cay | 北子岛 Beizi Dao 北子礁 Beizi Jiao | 11°28′N 114°21′E﻿ / ﻿11.467°N 114.350°E﻿ / 11.467; 114.350 The fifth largest Spratly island. Only 1.75 miles (2.82 km) north of Vietnamese-occupied Southwest Cay and can be seen before the horizon. Located 28 miles (45 km) northwest of Philippine-occupied Pag-asa (Thitu Island). Some of its outcrops are visible on its western side. It has high salinity groundwater and vegetation limited to beach type of plants. The corals around the island were mostly destroyed by rampant use of dynamite fishing and cyanide method employed by foreign fishing boats in the past. Covered with grass and thick trees. Much of the ringing reef is above water at high tide. Supported a beacon in 1984. Has Guano deposits. Several soldiers stationed. Satellite photography suggests it may have an airstrip. Occupied since 1968. Part of North Danger Reef. | 12.7 |
| Northeast Cay | Đảo Song Tử Đông | 11°28′N 114°21′E﻿ / ﻿11.467°N 114.350°E﻿ / 11.467; 114.350 The fifth largest Spratly island. Only 1.75 miles (2.82 km) north of Vietnamese-occupied Southwest Cay and can be seen before the horizon. Located 28 miles (45 km) northwest of Philippine-occupied Pag-asa (Thitu Island). Some of its outcrops are visible on its western side. It has high salinity groundwater and vegetation limited to beach type of plants. The corals around the island were mostly destroyed by rampant use of dynamite fishing and cyanide method employed by foreign fishing boats in the past. Covered with grass and thick trees. Much of the ringing reef is above water at high tide. Supported a beacon in 1984. Has Guano deposits. Several soldiers stationed. Satellite photography suggests it may have an airstrip. Occupied since 1968. Part of North Danger Reef. | 12.7 |
| Thitu Island | Pag-asa | The second largest Spratly island. Serves as the poblacion for the Municipality of Kalayaan, Palawan, Phils. It is covered with trees and has a variety of fauna. It is home to some 300+ civilians (including children) and over 50 soldiers. Other islands are expected to be populated before 2010. Population is regulated to protect the islands' flora and fauna and to avoid tension with other countries. It has 1.4 km airstrip, a marina, water filtering plant, power generator and a commercial communications tower (by Smart Communications), and a school. The Philippines' Department of Tourism is making improvements to the island to make it profitable. Occupied since 1971. Part of Thitu Reefs. | 37.2 |
| Thitu Island | 中业岛 中業島 Zhongye Dao | The second largest Spratly island. Serves as the poblacion for the Municipality of Kalayaan, Palawan, Phils. It is covered with trees and has a variety of fauna. It is home to some 300+ civilians (including children) and over 50 soldiers. Other islands are expected to be populated before 2010. Population is regulated to protect the islands' flora and fauna and to avoid tension with other countries. It has 1.4 km airstrip, a marina, water filtering plant, power generator and a commercial communications tower (by Smart Communications), and a school. The Philippines' Department of Tourism is making improvements to the island to make it profitable. Occupied since 1971. Part of Thitu Reefs. | 37.2 |
| Thitu Island | Đảo Thị Tứ | The second largest Spratly island. Serves as the poblacion for the Municipality of Kalayaan, Palawan, Phils. It is covered with trees and has a variety of fauna. It is home to some 300+ civilians (including children) and over 50 soldiers. Other islands are expected to be populated before 2010. Population is regulated to protect the islands' flora and fauna and to avoid tension with other countries. It has 1.4 km airstrip, a marina, water filtering plant, power generator and a commercial communications tower (by Smart Communications), and a school. The Philippines' Department of Tourism is making improvements to the island to make it profitable. Occupied since 1971. Part of Thitu Reefs. | 37.2 |
| West York Island | Likas | 11°05′N 115°01′E﻿ / ﻿11.083°N 115.017°E﻿ / 11.083; 115.017 The third largest Spratly island. This island is located 47 miles (76 km) northeast of Pag-asa (Thitu Island). Outcrops are visible on the southern and eastern portion of the island during low tides. This island is considered a sanctuary for giant sea turtles that lay their eggs on the island all year round. The high salinity of the ground water in the island retards the growth of introduced trees like coconuts, ipil-ipil, and other types. Only those endemic to the area that are mostly beach type of plants thrive and survive the hot and humid condition especially during the dry season. Has an observation post. Several soldiers stationed. | 18.6 |
| West York Island | 西月岛 西月島 Xiyue Dao | 11°05′N 115°01′E﻿ / ﻿11.083°N 115.017°E﻿ / 11.083; 115.017 The third largest Spratly island. This island is located 47 miles (76 km) northeast of Pag-asa (Thitu Island). Outcrops are visible on the southern and eastern portion of the island during low tides. This island is considered a sanctuary for giant sea turtles that lay their eggs on the island all year round. The high salinity of the ground water in the island retards the growth of introduced trees like coconuts, ipil-ipil, and other types. Only those endemic to the area that are mostly beach type of plants thrive and survive the hot and humid condition especially during the dry season. Has an observation post. Several soldiers stationed. | 18.6 |
| West York Island | Đảo Bến Lạc (Đảo Dừa) | 11°05′N 115°01′E﻿ / ﻿11.083°N 115.017°E﻿ / 11.083; 115.017 The third largest Spratly island. This island is located 47 miles (76 km) northeast of Pag-asa (Thitu Island). Outcrops are visible on the southern and eastern portion of the island during low tides. This island is considered a sanctuary for giant sea turtles that lay their eggs on the island all year round. The high salinity of the ground water in the island retards the growth of introduced trees like coconuts, ipil-ipil, and other types. Only those endemic to the area that are mostly beach type of plants thrive and survive the hot and humid condition especially during the dry season. Has an observation post. Several soldiers stationed. | 18.6 |
| Commodore Reef | Rizal | A sand "cay", 0.5 m high, surrounded by two lagoons. Parts of reef above water at high tide. It is a typical reef lying underwater and is now being manned by a military contingent based and established in the area. Some structures. Several soldiers stationed. Occupied since 1978. | 0 |
| Commodore Reef | 司令礁 司令礁 Siling Jiao | A sand "cay", 0.5 m high, surrounded by two lagoons. Parts of reef above water at high tide. It is a typical reef lying underwater and is now being manned by a military contingent based and established in the area. Some structures. Several soldiers stationed. Occupied since 1978. | 0 |
| Commodore Reef | Đá Công Đo | A sand "cay", 0.5 m high, surrounded by two lagoons. Parts of reef above water at high tide. It is a typical reef lying underwater and is now being manned by a military contingent based and established in the area. Some structures. Several soldiers stationed. Occupied since 1978. | 0 |
| Commodore Reef | Terumbu Laksamana | A sand "cay", 0.5 m high, surrounded by two lagoons. Parts of reef above water at high tide. It is a typical reef lying underwater and is now being manned by a military contingent based and established in the area. Some structures. Several soldiers stationed. Occupied since 1978. | 0 |
| Irving Reef | Balagtas | Naturally above water only at low tide. A very small cay lies at northern end. Some structures. Several soldiers stationed. | 0 |
| Irving Reef | 火艾礁 火艾礁 Huo'ai Jiao | Naturally above water only at low tide. A very small cay lies at northern end. Some structures. Several soldiers stationed. | 0 |
| Irving Reef | Đá Cá Nhám | Naturally above water only at low tide. A very small cay lies at northern end. Some structures. Several soldiers stationed. | 0 |
| Second Thomas Reef / shoal | Ayungin | A shallow reef. It is close to Chinese-occupied Mischief Reef. It was occupied by the Philippines in 1999, after the 1995 controversial Chinese occupation of Mischief Reef, to put pressure on China not to occupy any features further which lie near the Philippines. | 0 |
| Second Thomas Reef / shoal | 仁爱礁 Ren'ai Jiao 仁愛暗沙 Ren'ai Ansha | A shallow reef. It is close to Chinese-occupied Mischief Reef. It was occupied by the Philippines in 1999, after the 1995 controversial Chinese occupation of Mischief Reef, to put pressure on China not to occupy any features further which lie near the Philippines. | 0 |
| Second Thomas Reef / shoal | Bãi Cỏ Mây | A shallow reef. It is close to Chinese-occupied Mischief Reef. It was occupied by the Philippines in 1999, after the 1995 controversial Chinese occupation of Mischief Reef, to put pressure on China not to occupy any features further which lie near the Philippines. | 0 |
| Total | | 8 islands and 3 reefs | 84.42 |

#### Socialist Republic of Vietnam

Socialist Republic of Vietnam :
| Int'l Name | Local Names | Description | Area (ha.) |
| Southwest Cay | Pugad | 11°28′N 114°21′E﻿ / ﻿11.467°N 114.350°E﻿ / 11.467; 114.350 The sixth largest Spratly island. Only 1.75 miles (2.82 km) from Northeast Cay and can be seen before the horizon. Previously a breeding place for birds and covered with trees and guano. Export of guano was once carried out "on a considerable scale." Fringing reef partly above water at high tide. Vietnam erected its first lighthouse in the Spratlys here in October 1993 and built an airstrip. Has a three-story building, garrisoned by soldiers. Philippine military controlled the island before the early 1970s. South Vietnamese forces (Republic of Vietnam) invaded the island in 1975, when Filipino soldiers guarding the island attended the birthday party of their commanding officer based in the nearby Northeast Cay. A confirmed report came out that Vietnamese prostitutes were sent by Vietnamese officials to the birthday party, supposedly a sign of good brotherhood between the forces, but was actually used to lure the Filipino soldiers guarding the island. Filipino forces apparently planned on attacking the island, thus it would have led to a war, but Vietnamese forces were able to erect a huge garrison in the island within few weeks, forcing Filipino officials to abort the plan. Since then, more soldiers were assigned to Parola Island (North East Cay), to avoid it from happening again. This was confirmed by interviews with soldiers involved in an episode of the defunct ABS-CBN's Magandang Gabi Bayan (Good Evening Nation) program. See Policies, activities and history of the Philippines in Spratly Islands#Southwest Cay invasion for more details. Part of North Danger Reef. | 12 |
| Southwest Cay | 南子岛 Nanzi Dao 南子礁 Nanzi Jiao | 11°28′N 114°21′E﻿ / ﻿11.467°N 114.350°E﻿ / 11.467; 114.350 The sixth largest Spratly island. Only 1.75 miles (2.82 km) from Northeast Cay and can be seen before the horizon. Previously a breeding place for birds and covered with trees and guano. Export of guano was once carried out "on a considerable scale." Fringing reef partly above water at high tide. Vietnam erected its first lighthouse in the Spratlys here in October 1993 and built an airstrip. Has a three-story building, garrisoned by soldiers. Philippine military controlled the island before the early 1970s. South Vietnamese forces (Republic of Vietnam) invaded the island in 1975, when Filipino soldiers guarding the island attended the birthday party of their commanding officer based in the nearby Northeast Cay. A confirmed report came out that Vietnamese prostitutes were sent by Vietnamese officials to the birthday party, supposedly a sign of good brotherhood between the forces, but was actually used to lure the Filipino soldiers guarding the island. Filipino forces apparently planned on attacking the island, thus it would have led to a war, but Vietnamese forces were able to erect a huge garrison in the island within few weeks, forcing Filipino officials to abort the plan. Since then, more soldiers were assigned to Parola Island (North East Cay), to avoid it from happening again. This was confirmed by interviews with soldiers involved in an episode of the defunct ABS-CBN's Magandang Gabi Bayan (Good Evening Nation) program. See Policies, activities and history of the Philippines in Spratly Islands#Southwest Cay invasion for more details. Part of North Danger Reef. | 12 |
| Southwest Cay | Đảo Song Tử Tây | 11°28′N 114°21′E﻿ / ﻿11.467°N 114.350°E﻿ / 11.467; 114.350 The sixth largest Spratly island. Only 1.75 miles (2.82 km) from Northeast Cay and can be seen before the horizon. Previously a breeding place for birds and covered with trees and guano. Export of guano was once carried out "on a considerable scale." Fringing reef partly above water at high tide. Vietnam erected its first lighthouse in the Spratlys here in October 1993 and built an airstrip. Has a three-story building, garrisoned by soldiers. Philippine military controlled the island before the early 1970s. South Vietnamese forces (Republic of Vietnam) invaded the island in 1975, when Filipino soldiers guarding the island attended the birthday party of their commanding officer based in the nearby Northeast Cay. A confirmed report came out that Vietnamese prostitutes were sent by Vietnamese officials to the birthday party, supposedly a sign of good brotherhood between the forces, but was actually used to lure the Filipino soldiers guarding the island. Filipino forces apparently planned on attacking the island, thus it would have led to a war, but Vietnamese forces were able to erect a huge garrison in the island within few weeks, forcing Filipino officials to abort the plan. Since then, more soldiers were assigned to Parola Island (North East Cay), to avoid it from happening again. This was confirmed by interviews with soldiers involved in an episode of the defunct ABS-CBN's Magandang Gabi Bayan (Good Evening Nation) program. See Policies, activities and history of the Philippines in Spratly Islands#Southwest Cay invasion for more details. Part of North Danger Reef. | 12 |
| Sand Cay | Bailan | 10°23′N 114°29′E﻿ / ﻿10.383°N 114.483°E﻿ / 10.383; 114.483 The ninth largest Spratly island. Lies 6 miles (10 km) to the east of Taiwan-occupied Taiping Island. Covered with trees and bushes. Fringing reef partly above water at low tide. This feature is commonly confused with Sandy Cay. Occupied since 1974. Part of Tizard Banks. | 7 |
| Sand Cay | 敦谦沙洲 敦謙沙洲 Dunqian Shazhou | 10°23′N 114°29′E﻿ / ﻿10.383°N 114.483°E﻿ / 10.383; 114.483 The ninth largest Spratly island. Lies 6 miles (10 km) to the east of Taiwan-occupied Taiping Island. Covered with trees and bushes. Fringing reef partly above water at low tide. This feature is commonly confused with Sandy Cay. Occupied since 1974. Part of Tizard Banks. | 7 |
| Sand Cay | Đảo Sơn Ca | 10°23′N 114°29′E﻿ / ﻿10.383°N 114.483°E﻿ / 10.383; 114.483 The ninth largest Spratly island. Lies 6 miles (10 km) to the east of Taiwan-occupied Taiping Island. Covered with trees and bushes. Fringing reef partly above water at low tide. This feature is commonly confused with Sandy Cay. Occupied since 1974. Part of Tizard Banks. | 7 |
| Namyit Island | Binago | 10°11′N 114°22′E﻿ / ﻿10.183°N 114.367°E﻿ / 10.183; 114.367 The twelfth largest Spratly island. Covered with small trees, bushes and grass. Has a fringing reef and is inhabited by sea birds. The island is inhabited by an unknown number of Vietnamese soldiers and in the deep waters fronting the south side it is said that a submarine base is situated. Occupied since 1975.Part of Tizard Banks. | 5.3 |
| Namyit Island | 鸿庥岛 Hongxiu Dao | 10°11′N 114°22′E﻿ / ﻿10.183°N 114.367°E﻿ / 10.183; 114.367 The twelfth largest Spratly island. Covered with small trees, bushes and grass. Has a fringing reef and is inhabited by sea birds. The island is inhabited by an unknown number of Vietnamese soldiers and in the deep waters fronting the south side it is said that a submarine base is situated. Occupied since 1975.Part of Tizard Banks. | 5.3 |
| Namyit Island | Đảo Nam Yết | 10°11′N 114°22′E﻿ / ﻿10.183°N 114.367°E﻿ / 10.183; 114.367 The twelfth largest Spratly island. Covered with small trees, bushes and grass. Has a fringing reef and is inhabited by sea birds. The island is inhabited by an unknown number of Vietnamese soldiers and in the deep waters fronting the south side it is said that a submarine base is situated. Occupied since 1975.Part of Tizard Banks. | 5.3 |
| Sin Cowe Island | Rurok | 9°52′N 114°19′E﻿ / ﻿9.867°N 114.317°E﻿ / 9.867; 114.317 The seventh largest. Has fringing reef which is above water at low tide. Occupied since 1974. Part of Union Banks. | 8 |
| Sin Cowe Island | 景宏岛 Jinghong Dao | 9°52′N 114°19′E﻿ / ﻿9.867°N 114.317°E﻿ / 9.867; 114.317 The seventh largest. Has fringing reef which is above water at low tide. Occupied since 1974. Part of Union Banks. | 8 |
| Sin Cowe Island | Đảo Sinh Tồn | 9°52′N 114°19′E﻿ / ﻿9.867°N 114.317°E﻿ / 9.867; 114.317 The seventh largest. Has fringing reef which is above water at low tide. Occupied since 1974. Part of Union Banks. | 8 |
| Spratly Island / Storm Island | Lagos | 8°38′N 114°25′E﻿ / ﻿8.633°N 114.417°E﻿ / 8.633; 114.417 The fourth largest Spratly island. 2.5 m high, flat. Covered with bushes, grass, birds and guano. 5.5 m-high obelisk at southern tip. Has landing strip, and a fishing port. Fringing reef is above water at low tide. Some structures with soldiers stationed. Occupied since 1974. | 13 |
| Spratly Island / Storm Island | 南威岛 Nanwei Dao | 8°38′N 114°25′E﻿ / ﻿8.633°N 114.417°E﻿ / 8.633; 114.417 The fourth largest Spratly island. 2.5 m high, flat. Covered with bushes, grass, birds and guano. 5.5 m-high obelisk at southern tip. Has landing strip, and a fishing port. Fringing reef is above water at low tide. Some structures with soldiers stationed. Occupied since 1974. | 13 |
| Spratly Island / Storm Island | Đảo Trường Sa | 8°38′N 114°25′E﻿ / ﻿8.633°N 114.417°E﻿ / 8.633; 114.417 The fourth largest Spratly island. 2.5 m high, flat. Covered with bushes, grass, birds and guano. 5.5 m-high obelisk at southern tip. Has landing strip, and a fishing port. Fringing reef is above water at low tide. Some structures with soldiers stationed. Occupied since 1974. | 13 |
| Amboyna Cay | Datu Kalantiaw | 07°54′N 112°55′E﻿ / ﻿7.900°N 112.917°E﻿ / 7.900; 112.917 The thirteenth largest Spratly island. 2m high. Two parts: East part consists of sand and coral, west part is covered with guano. Has fringing reef. An obelisk, about 2.7 m high, stands on the SW corner. Little vegetation. Lighthouse operational since May 1995. Heavily fortified. | 1.6 |
| Amboyna Cay | 安波沙洲 Anbo Shazhou | 07°54′N 112°55′E﻿ / ﻿7.900°N 112.917°E﻿ / 7.900; 112.917 The thirteenth largest Spratly island. 2m high. Two parts: East part consists of sand and coral, west part is covered with guano. Has fringing reef. An obelisk, about 2.7 m high, stands on the SW corner. Little vegetation. Lighthouse operational since May 1995. Heavily fortified. | 1.6 |
| Amboyna Cay | Đảo An Bang | 07°54′N 112°55′E﻿ / ﻿7.900°N 112.917°E﻿ / 7.900; 112.917 The thirteenth largest Spratly island. 2m high. Two parts: East part consists of sand and coral, west part is covered with guano. Has fringing reef. An obelisk, about 2.7 m high, stands on the SW corner. Little vegetation. Lighthouse operational since May 1995. Heavily fortified. | 1.6 |
| Amboyna Cay | Pulau Amboyna Kecil | 07°54′N 112°55′E﻿ / ﻿7.900°N 112.917°E﻿ / 7.900; 112.917 The thirteenth largest Spratly island. 2m high. Two parts: East part consists of sand and coral, west part is covered with guano. Has fringing reef. An obelisk, about 2.7 m high, stands on the SW corner. Little vegetation. Lighthouse operational since May 1995. Heavily fortified. | 1.6 |
| Grierson Reef | 染青沙洲 Ranqing Shazhou | A sand cay with fringing reef. (Despite some ambiguity in various references, this is NOT Sin Cowe East Island.) Its sand bar area is about 12 hectares. Part of Union Banks. | 0 |
| Grierson Reef | Đảo Sinh Tồn Đông | A sand cay with fringing reef. (Despite some ambiguity in various references, this is NOT Sin Cowe East Island.) Its sand bar area is about 12 hectares. Part of Union Banks. | 0 |
| Central London Reef | Gitnang Quezon | 08°59′N 112°21′E﻿ / ﻿8.983°N 112.350°E﻿ / 8.983; 112.350 SW part is a sandbank which barely submerges at high tide. The rest is coral reef, awash, surrounding a lagoon. Occupied since 1978. Part of London Reefs. | 0 |
| Central London Reef | 中礁 Zhong Jiao | 08°59′N 112°21′E﻿ / ﻿8.983°N 112.350°E﻿ / 8.983; 112.350 SW part is a sandbank which barely submerges at high tide. The rest is coral reef, awash, surrounding a lagoon. Occupied since 1978. Part of London Reefs. | 0 |
| Central London Reef | Đảo Trường Sa Đông | 08°59′N 112°21′E﻿ / ﻿8.983°N 112.350°E﻿ / 8.983; 112.350 SW part is a sandbank which barely submerges at high tide. The rest is coral reef, awash, surrounding a lagoon. Occupied since 1978. Part of London Reefs. | 0 |
| Pearson Reef | Hizon | Two sand "cays", 2 m and 1 m high, lie on the edges of a lagoon. Parts of the surrounding reef are above water at high tide. Occupied since 1988. | 0 |
| Pearson Reef | 毕生礁 Bisheng Jiao | Two sand "cays", 2 m and 1 m high, lie on the edges of a lagoon. Parts of the surrounding reef are above water at high tide. Occupied since 1988. | 0 |
| Pearson Reef | Đảo Phan Vinh | Two sand "cays", 2 m and 1 m high, lie on the edges of a lagoon. Parts of the surrounding reef are above water at high tide. Occupied since 1988. | 0 |
| Barque Canada Reef / Lizzie Weber Reef | (Barque Canada Reef) Mascardo | 8°10′N 113°18′E﻿ / ﻿8.167°N 113.300°E﻿ / 8.167; 113.300 Coral. Highest rocks are 4.5 m high, at SW end. Much of reef is above water at high tide. Some sandy patches. 18 miles (29 km) long. Its military structures have been upgraded. Occupied since 1987. | 0 |
| Barque Canada Reef / Lizzie Weber Reef | (Lizzie Weber Reef) Magsaysay | 8°10′N 113°18′E﻿ / ﻿8.167°N 113.300°E﻿ / 8.167; 113.300 Coral. Highest rocks are 4.5 m high, at SW end. Much of reef is above water at high tide. Some sandy patches. 18 miles (29 km) long. Its military structures have been upgraded. Occupied since 1987. | 0 |
| Barque Canada Reef / Lizzie Weber Reef | 柏礁 Bai Jiao, Liwei Dao | 8°10′N 113°18′E﻿ / ﻿8.167°N 113.300°E﻿ / 8.167; 113.300 Coral. Highest rocks are 4.5 m high, at SW end. Much of reef is above water at high tide. Some sandy patches. 18 miles (29 km) long. Its military structures have been upgraded. Occupied since 1987. | 0 |
| Barque Canada Reef / Lizzie Weber Reef | Bãi Thuyền Chài | 8°10′N 113°18′E﻿ / ﻿8.167°N 113.300°E﻿ / 8.167; 113.300 Coral. Highest rocks are 4.5 m high, at SW end. Much of reef is above water at high tide. Some sandy patches. 18 miles (29 km) long. Its military structures have been upgraded. Occupied since 1987. | 0 |
| Barque Canada Reef / Lizzie Weber Reef | Terumbu Perahu | 8°10′N 113°18′E﻿ / ﻿8.167°N 113.300°E﻿ / 8.167; 113.300 Coral. Highest rocks are 4.5 m high, at SW end. Much of reef is above water at high tide. Some sandy patches. 18 miles (29 km) long. Its military structures have been upgraded. Occupied since 1987. | 0 |
| West London Reef | Kanlurang Quezon | East part is sand "cay", 0.6 m high. West part is coral reef which is above water only at low tide. Between them is a lagoon. Vietnam erected a lighthouse here in May or June 1994. Part of London Reefs. | 0 |
| West London Reef | 西礁 Xi Jiao | East part is sand "cay", 0.6 m high. West part is coral reef which is above water only at low tide. Between them is a lagoon. Vietnam erected a lighthouse here in May or June 1994. Part of London Reefs. | 0 |
| West London Reef | Đá Tây | East part is sand "cay", 0.6 m high. West part is coral reef which is above water only at low tide. Between them is a lagoon. Vietnam erected a lighthouse here in May or June 1994. Part of London Reefs. | 0 |
| Ladd Reef | 日积礁 Riji Jiao | Naturally above water at low tide. Has coral lagoon. Occupied since 1988. | 0 |
| Ladd Reef | Đá Lát | Naturally above water at low tide. Has coral lagoon. Occupied since 1988. | 0 |
| Discovery Great Reef | Paredes | Several rocks are above water at high tide. Most of reef is above water at low tide. Has lagoon. Occupied since 1988. | 0 |
| Discovery Great Reef | 大现礁 Daxian Jiao | Several rocks are above water at high tide. Most of reef is above water at low tide. Has lagoon. Occupied since 1988. | 0 |
| Discovery Great Reef | Đá Lớn | Several rocks are above water at high tide. Most of reef is above water at low tide. Has lagoon. Occupied since 1988. | 0 |
| Pigeon Reef / Tennent Reef | Lopez-Jaena | Numerous rocks are naturally above the high tide line. Encloses a lagoon. Occupied since 1988. | 0 |
| Pigeon Reef / Tennent Reef | 无乜礁 Wumie Jiao | Numerous rocks are naturally above the high tide line. Encloses a lagoon. Occupied since 1988. | 0 |
| Pigeon Reef / Tennent Reef | Đá Tiên Nữ | Numerous rocks are naturally above the high tide line. Encloses a lagoon. Occupied since 1988. | 0 |
| East London Reef | Silangang Quezon | Rocks up to 1 m high. Encloses a lagoon. Occupied since 1988. Part of London Reefs. | 0 |
| East London Reef | 东礁 Dong Jiao | Rocks up to 1 m high. Encloses a lagoon. Occupied since 1988. Part of London Reefs. | 0 |
| East London Reef | Đá Đông | Rocks up to 1 m high. Encloses a lagoon. Occupied since 1988. Part of London Reefs. | 0 |
| Alison Reef | De Jesus | 8°51′N 114°00′E﻿ / ﻿8.850°N 114.000°E﻿ / 8.850; 114.000 Naturally above water only at low tide. Encloses a lagoon. | 0 |
| Alison Reef | 六门礁 Liumen Jiao | 8°51′N 114°00′E﻿ / ﻿8.850°N 114.000°E﻿ / 8.850; 114.000 Naturally above water only at low tide. Encloses a lagoon. | 0 |
| Alison Reef | Đá Tốc Tan | 8°51′N 114°00′E﻿ / ﻿8.850°N 114.000°E﻿ / 8.850; 114.000 Naturally above water only at low tide. Encloses a lagoon. | 0 |
| Cornwallis South Reef | Osmeña | Naturally above water only at low tide. Encloses a lagoon. Occupied since 1988. | 0 |
| Cornwallis South Reef | 南华礁 Nanhua Jiao | Naturally above water only at low tide. Encloses a lagoon. Occupied since 1988. | 0 |
| Cornwallis South Reef | Đá Núi Le | Naturally above water only at low tide. Encloses a lagoon. Occupied since 1988. | 0 |
| Petley Reef | Juan Luna | Naturally above water only at low tide, some small rocks might stand above high water. Occupied since 1988. Part of Tizard Banks. | 0 |
| Petley Reef | 舶兰礁 Bolan Jiao | Naturally above water only at low tide, some small rocks might stand above high water. Occupied since 1988. Part of Tizard Banks. | 0 |
| Petley Reef | Đá Núi Thị | Naturally above water only at low tide, some small rocks might stand above high water. Occupied since 1988. Part of Tizard Banks. | 0 |
| South Reef | Timog | Lies about 2.5 miles (4 km) southwest of Vietnam-occupied Southwest Cay. A tiny cay appears atop this reef on the most detailed map available. On the southwest end of North Danger Reef. Fringing reef is above water at low tide. Occupied since 1988. Part of North Danger Reef. | 0 |
| South Reef | 奈罗礁 Nailuo Jiao | Lies about 2.5 miles (4 km) southwest of Vietnam-occupied Southwest Cay. A tiny cay appears atop this reef on the most detailed map available. On the southwest end of North Danger Reef. Fringing reef is above water at low tide. Occupied since 1988. Part of North Danger Reef. | 0 |
| South Reef | Đá Nam | Lies about 2.5 miles (4 km) southwest of Vietnam-occupied Southwest Cay. A tiny cay appears atop this reef on the most detailed map available. On the southwest end of North Danger Reef. Fringing reef is above water at low tide. Occupied since 1988. Part of North Danger Reef. | 0 |
| Collins Reef / Johnson North Reef | Roxas | 09°46′N 114°15′E﻿ / ﻿9.767°N 114.250°E﻿ / 9.767; 114.250 Lies 8 miles (13 km) southwest of Vietnam-occupied Sin Cowe Island. Connected to Johnson South Reef. A "coral dune" is located at the southeast corner, above the high tide line. Part of Union Banks. | 0 |
| Collins Reef / Johnson North Reef | 鬼喊礁 Guihan Jiao | 09°46′N 114°15′E﻿ / ﻿9.767°N 114.250°E﻿ / 9.767; 114.250 Lies 8 miles (13 km) southwest of Vietnam-occupied Sin Cowe Island. Connected to Johnson South Reef. A "coral dune" is located at the southeast corner, above the high tide line. Part of Union Banks. | 0 |
| Collins Reef / Johnson North Reef | Đá Cô Lin | 09°46′N 114°15′E﻿ / ﻿9.767°N 114.250°E﻿ / 9.767; 114.250 Lies 8 miles (13 km) southwest of Vietnam-occupied Sin Cowe Island. Connected to Johnson South Reef. A "coral dune" is located at the southeast corner, above the high tide line. Part of Union Banks. | 0 |
| Lan(d)sdowne Reef | Pagkakaisa | Sand dune, with fringing reef. Part of Union Banks. | 0 |
| Lan(d)sdowne Reef | 琼礁 Qiong Jiao | Sand dune, with fringing reef. Part of Union Banks. | 0 |
| Lan(d)sdowne Reef | Đá Len Đao | Sand dune, with fringing reef. Part of Union Banks. | 0 |
| Rifleman Bank (containing Bombay Castle) | 南薇滩 Nanwei Tan | Shallowest natural depth is 3 m, called Bombay Castle. Sand and coral. Occupied since 1989. | 0 |
| Rifleman Bank (containing Bombay Castle) | Bãi Vũng Mây | Shallowest natural depth is 3 m, called Bombay Castle. Sand and coral. Occupied since 1989. | 0 |
| Prince of Wales Bank | 广雅滩 Guangya Tan | Shallowest natural depth is 7 m. Has corals. Occupied since 1989. | 0 |
| Prince of Wales Bank | Bãi Phúc Tần | Shallowest natural depth is 7 m. Has corals. Occupied since 1989. | 0 |
| Vanguard Bank | 万安滩 Wan'an Tan | Shallowest natural depth is 16 m. Vietnam has run three "economic technological service stations" in this area since July 1994. Occupied since 1989. | 0 |
| Vanguard Bank | Bãi Tư Chính | Shallowest natural depth is 16 m. Vietnam has run three "economic technological service stations" in this area since July 1994. Occupied since 1989. | 0 |
| Prince Consort Bank | 西卫滩 Xiwei Tan | Shallowest natural depth is 9 m. Occupied since 1990. | 0 |
| Prince Consort Bank | Bãi Phúc Nguyên | Shallowest natural depth is 9 m. Occupied since 1990. | 0 |
| Grainger Bank | 李准滩 Lizhun Tan | Shallowest natural depth is either 9 m or 11 m. Occupied since 1991. | 0 |
| Grainger Bank | Bãi Quế Đường | Shallowest natural depth is either 9 m or 11 m. Occupied since 1991. | 0 |
| Alexandra Bank | 人骏滩 Renjun Tan | Shallowest natural depth is 5 m. Occupied since 1991. | 0 |
| Alexandra Bank | Bãi Huyền Trân | Shallowest natural depth is 5 m. Occupied since 1991. | 0 |
| Orleana Shoal | 奥南暗沙 Aonan Ansha | | 0 |
| Orleana Shoal | Bãi Đất | | 0 |
| Kingston Shoal | 金盾暗沙 Jindun Ansha | | 0 |
| Kingston Shoal | Bãi Đinh | | 0 |
| Total | | 6 islands, 15 reefs, 6 banks, and 2 shoals | 46.9 |

### Unoccupied but largely controlled by China

Unoccupied but largely controlled by China :
| China |||||
| Int'l Name | Local Names | Description | Area (ha.) | Reclaimed area |
| Hallet Reef | 安乐礁 Anle Jiao 安樂礁 | near Hughes Reef | 0 | 0 |
| Hallet Reef | Đá Bình Sơn | near Hughes Reef | 0 | 0 |
| McKennan Reef | 西门礁 Ximen Jiao 西門礁 | near Hughes Reef | 0 | 0 |
| McKennan Reef | Đá Ken Nan | near Hughes Reef | 0 | 0 |
| Eldad Reef | 安达礁 Anda Jiao 安達礁 | China Coast Guard regular patrols. It is also under the control of Vietnam, near Vietnam-occupied Petley Reef | 0 | 0 |
| Eldad Reef | Đá Ken Nan | China Coast Guard regular patrols. It is also under the control of Vietnam, near Vietnam-occupied Petley Reef | 0 | 0 |
| First Thomas Shoal | 信义礁 Xinyi Jiao 信義暗沙 Xinyi Ansha | China Coast Guard regular patrol 9°20′N 115°57′E﻿ / ﻿9.333°N 115.950°E﻿ / 9.333; 115.950 - SE of Mischief Reef A few rocks are permanently above sea level. Much of the reef is above water at low tide. Encloses a lagoon. | 0 | 0 |
| First Thomas Shoal | Bulig | China Coast Guard regular patrol 9°20′N 115°57′E﻿ / ﻿9.333°N 115.950°E﻿ / 9.333; 115.950 - SE of Mischief Reef A few rocks are permanently above sea level. Much of the reef is above water at low tide. Encloses a lagoon. | 0 | 0 |
| First Thomas Shoal | Bãi Suối Ngà | China Coast Guard regular patrol 9°20′N 115°57′E﻿ / ﻿9.333°N 115.950°E﻿ / 9.333; 115.950 - SE of Mischief Reef A few rocks are permanently above sea level. Much of the reef is above water at low tide. Encloses a lagoon. | 0 | 0 |
| Whitson Reef | 牛轭礁 Niu'e Jiao 牛軛礁 | China Coast Guard regular patrol Part of Union Banks. Some rocks naturally above water at high tide. Part of Union Banks. It is also under the control of Vietnam, near Vietnam-occupied Grierson Reef | 0 | 0 |
| Whitson Reef | Julian Felipe | China Coast Guard regular patrol Part of Union Banks. Some rocks naturally above water at high tide. Part of Union Banks. It is also under the control of Vietnam, near Vietnam-occupied Grierson Reef | 0 | 0 |
| Whitson Reef | Đá Ba Đầu | China Coast Guard regular patrol Part of Union Banks. Some rocks naturally above water at high tide. Part of Union Banks. It is also under the control of Vietnam, near Vietnam-occupied Grierson Reef | 0 | 0 |

### Unoccupied but largely controlled by Malaysia

Unoccupied but largely controlled by Malaysia :
| Malaysia claims a portion of the South China Sea together with 11 islands and other marine features in the Spratly group on the basis that they are within its continental shelf. These shoals lie off the North-Western coast of Sarawak over an area of 100 km; as such, they are largely controlled by Malaysia. |||||
| Int'l Name | Local Names | Description | Sea area | Land area |
| North Luconia Shoals | 北康暗沙 Beikang Ansha | Friendship Shoal [zh] (Chinese: 盟谊暗沙), Hardie Reef [zh] (Chinese: 海康暗沙), Aitken Reef [zh] (Chinese: 义净礁), Buck Reef [zh] (Chinese: 法显暗沙), Moody Reef [zh] (Chinese: 康西暗沙), Seahorse Breakers [zh] (Chinese: 南安礁), Tripp Reef [zh] (Chinese: 北安礁), Hayes Reef [zh] (Chinese: 南屏礁) | 1,400 square kilometres (540 sq mi) | 0 |
| North Luconia Shoals | Gugusan Beting Raja Jarum | Friendship Shoal [zh] (Chinese: 盟谊暗沙), Hardie Reef [zh] (Chinese: 海康暗沙), Aitken Reef [zh] (Chinese: 义净礁), Buck Reef [zh] (Chinese: 法显暗沙), Moody Reef [zh] (Chinese: 康西暗沙), Seahorse Breakers [zh] (Chinese: 南安礁), Tripp Reef [zh] (Chinese: 北安礁), Hayes Reef [zh] (Chinese: 南屏礁) | 1,400 square kilometres (540 sq mi) | 0 |
| South Luconia Shoals | 南康暗沙 Nankang Ansha | Stigant Reef [zh] (Chinese: 海安礁), Connell Reef [zh] (Chinese: 隐波暗沙), Herald Reef (Spratly Islands) [zh] (Chinese: 海宁礁), Comus Shoal [zh] (Chinese: 欢乐暗沙), Richmond Reef [zh] (Chinese: 潭门礁), Luconia Breakers [zh] (Chinese: 琼台礁) | 900 square kilometres (350 sq mi) | 0 |
| South Luconia Shoals | Gugusan Beting Patinggi Ali | Stigant Reef [zh] (Chinese: 海安礁), Connell Reef [zh] (Chinese: 隐波暗沙), Herald Reef (Spratly Islands) [zh] (Chinese: 海宁礁), Comus Shoal [zh] (Chinese: 欢乐暗沙), Richmond Reef [zh] (Chinese: 潭门礁), Luconia Breakers [zh] (Chinese: 琼台礁) | 900 square kilometres (350 sq mi) | 0 |
| James Shoal | 曾母暗沙 Zengmu Ansha | Shallowest natural depth is 17.5 m. | 0 | 0 |
| James Shoal | Beting Serupai | Shallowest natural depth is 17.5 m. | 0 | 0 |
| Ardasier Bank | 安渡滩 Andu Tan 安渡灘 | near | 0 | 0 |
| Ardasier Bank | ? | near | 0 | 0 |
| Royal Charlotte Reef | 皇路礁 Huanglu Jiao | near , China Coast Guard regular patrol | 0 | 0 |
| Royal Charlotte Reef | Terumbu Samarang Barat Besar | near , China Coast Guard regular patrol | 0 | 0 |

### Unoccupied but largely controlled by the Philippines

Unoccupied but largely controlled by the Philippines :
| The reefs, shoals, etc. to the east of the 116°E meridian are closely guarded by the Philippine Coast Guard, Philippine Navy and Air Force. Though not occupied, the Philippines asserts control over these features which are less 100 miles (160 km) from the Palawan west coast (note: Scarborough Shoal is 100 miles (160 km) from Zambales west coast). There are many Filipino fishermen in this region, who cooperate closely with the Philippine Navy and Philippine Coast Guard. Non-Filipino fishermen are tolerated in this region, provided that they comply with Philippine laws. The press in the Philippines have reported many arrests of Chinese fishermen by the Philippine Navy and Philippine Coast Guard because of illegal fishing methods and catching of endangered sea species, both in this region and in the Sulu Sea. Philippine military presence in this region intensified after the 1995 Mischief Reef incident. The Philippine Air Force has been active in striking even the markers set up by other countries to guide the latter's naval forces in this region. |||||
| Int'l Name | Local Names | Description | Area (ha.) | Reclaimed area |
| Amy Douglas Bank / Reef | Mahiwagang Diwata | Lies north of Palawan Passage. Awash at low tide. | 0 |
| Amy Douglas Bank / Reef | 安塘滩 Antang Tan, 安塘礁 Antang Jiao | Lies north of Palawan Passage. Awash at low tide. | 0 |
| Amy Douglas Bank / Reef | Cụm Hồ Tràm | Lies north of Palawan Passage. Awash at low tide. | 0 |
| Bombay Shoal | Abad Santos | 9°26′N 116°55′E﻿ / ﻿9.433°N 116.917°E﻿ / 9.433; 116.917 Several rocks are exposed at low tide. Surrounds a lagoon. | 0 |
| Bombay Shoal | 蓬勃暗沙 Pengbo Ansha | 9°26′N 116°55′E﻿ / ﻿9.433°N 116.917°E﻿ / 9.433; 116.917 Several rocks are exposed at low tide. Surrounds a lagoon. | 0 |
| Bombay Shoal | Bãi Cái Mép | 9°26′N 116°55′E﻿ / ﻿9.433°N 116.917°E﻿ / 9.433; 116.917 Several rocks are exposed at low tide. Surrounds a lagoon. | 0 |
| Boxall Reef | Rajah Sulayman | 8°51′N 114°00′E﻿ / ﻿8.850°N 114.000°E﻿ / 8.850; 114.000 Above water only at low tide. No lagoon. | 0 |
| Boxall Reef | 牛车轮礁 Niuchelun Jiao | 8°51′N 114°00′E﻿ / ﻿8.850°N 114.000°E﻿ / 8.850; 114.000 Above water only at low tide. No lagoon. | 0 |
| Boxall Reef | Đá Long Điền | 8°51′N 114°00′E﻿ / ﻿8.850°N 114.000°E﻿ / 8.850; 114.000 Above water only at low tide. No lagoon. | 0 |
| Carnatic Shoal | Sikatuna | | 0 |
| Carnatic Shoal | 红石暗沙 Hongshi Ansha | | 0 |
| Carnatic Shoal | Bãi Rạch Lấp | | 0 |
| Half Moon Shoal | Hasa-hasa | Several rocks on the eastern side rise one to two feet above high tide. Encloses a lagoon. Reports in February 2016 indicate the Philippine control of the reef might have ended. | 0 |
| Half Moon Shoal | 半月礁 Banyue Jiao | Several rocks on the eastern side rise one to two feet above high tide. Encloses a lagoon. Reports in February 2016 indicate the Philippine control of the reef might have ended. | 0 |
| Half Moon Shoal | Bãi Trăng Khuyết | Several rocks on the eastern side rise one to two feet above high tide. Encloses a lagoon. Reports in February 2016 indicate the Philippine control of the reef might have ended. | 0 |
| Hardy Reef | Sakay | Naturally above water only at low tide. Surrounds a narrow strip of sand. | 0 |
| Hardy Reef | 半路礁 Banlu Jiao | Naturally above water only at low tide. Surrounds a narrow strip of sand. | 0 |
| Hardy Reef | Đá Phật Tự | Naturally above water only at low tide. Surrounds a narrow strip of sand. | 0 |
| Hopkins Reef | 火星礁 Huoxing Jiao | | 0 |
| Hopkins Reef | Đá Hợp Kim | | 0 |
| Investigator Northeast Shoal | Dalagang Bukid | Lies only a few miles west of Palawan. Naturally above water at low tide. | 0 |
| Investigator Northeast Shoal | 海口礁 Haikou Jiao | Lies only a few miles west of Palawan. Naturally above water at low tide. | 0 |
| Investigator Northeast Shoal | Bãi Phù Mỹ | Lies only a few miles west of Palawan. Naturally above water at low tide. | 0 |
| Iroquois Reef | Del Pilar | Lies east of both Philippine-occupied Nanshan Island and Flat Island. Above water only at low tide. | 0 |
| Iroquois Reef | 鲎藤礁 Houteng Jiao | Lies east of both Philippine-occupied Nanshan Island and Flat Island. Above water only at low tide. | 0 |
| Iroquois Reef | Đá Khúc Giác | Lies east of both Philippine-occupied Nanshan Island and Flat Island. Above water only at low tide. | 0 |
| Leslie Bank | Urduja | | 0 |
| Leslie Bank | 勇士滩 Yongshi Tan | | 0 |
| Leslie Bank | Bãi Vĩnh Tuy | | 0 |
| Lord Auckland Shoal | Lapu-Lapu | + | 0 |
| Lord Auckland Shoal | 莪兰暗沙 Elan Ansha | + | 0 |
| Lord Auckland Shoal | Bãi Na Khoai | + | 0 |
| Pennsylvania North Reef | 阳明礁 Yangming Jiao | | 0 |
| Pennsylvania North Reef | Đá Gò Già | | 0 |
| Pennsylvania South Reef | 東坡礁 Dongpo Jiao | | 0 |
| Reed Tablemount (including Nares Bank and Marie Louise Bank) | Recto | Shallowest natural depth is 9 m. About 2,500 square miles (6,500 km$^2$) in area. The Philippines occupied this feature in 1971 and a Philippine-Sweden joint oil-exploration followed afterwards. However, China protested this act of the Philippines saying that this tablemount which center lies 100 miles (160 km) from the Philippines is part of China's territories. After that, the Philippines tried asking China for a joint effort but China declined, arguing that the Philippines has no right in this feature. Presently, this feature is largely controlled by the Philippines. | 0 |
| Reed Tablemount (including Nares Bank and Marie Louise Bank) | 礼乐滩 Liyue Tan | Shallowest natural depth is 9 m. About 2,500 square miles (6,500 km$^2$) in area. The Philippines occupied this feature in 1971 and a Philippine-Sweden joint oil-exploration followed afterwards. However, China protested this act of the Philippines saying that this tablemount which center lies 100 miles (160 km) from the Philippines is part of China's territories. After that, the Philippines tried asking China for a joint effort but China declined, arguing that the Philippines has no right in this feature. Presently, this feature is largely controlled by the Philippines. | 0 |
| Reed Tablemount (including Nares Bank and Marie Louise Bank) | Bãi Cỏ Rong | Shallowest natural depth is 9 m. About 2,500 square miles (6,500 km$^2$) in area. The Philippines occupied this feature in 1971 and a Philippine-Sweden joint oil-exploration followed afterwards. However, China protested this act of the Philippines saying that this tablemount which center lies 100 miles (160 km) from the Philippines is part of China's territories. After that, the Philippines tried asking China for a joint effort but China declined, arguing that the Philippines has no right in this feature. Presently, this feature is largely controlled by the Philippines. | 0 |
| Royal Captain Shoal | Kanduli | A few rocks are above water at low tide. Surrounds a lagoon. | 0 |
| Royal Captain Shoal | 舰长礁 Jianzhang Jiao | A few rocks are above water at low tide. Surrounds a lagoon. | 0 |
| Royal Captain Shoal | Bãi Đồi Mồi | A few rocks are above water at low tide. Surrounds a lagoon. | 0 |
| Sabina Shoal | Escoda | It encloses two lagoons, naturally above water at low tide. Lies east of the Philippine-occupied Second Thomas Reef. | 0 |
| Sabina Shoal | 仙宾礁 Xianbin Jiao | It encloses two lagoons, naturally above water at low tide. Lies east of the Philippine-occupied Second Thomas Reef. | 0 |
| Sabina Shoal | Bãi Sa Bin (Bãi Chóp Mao) | It encloses two lagoons, naturally above water at low tide. Lies east of the Philippine-occupied Second Thomas Reef. | 0 |
| Sandy Shoal | Mabuhangin | | 0 |
| Sandy Shoal | 神仙暗沙 Shenxian Ansha | | 0 |
| Sandy Shoal | Bãi Hữu Độ | | 0 |
| Seahorse Shoal / Seashore Shoal / Routh Bank | Baybayin Dagat | Lies north of Palawan Passage | 0 |
| Seahorse Shoal / Seashore Shoal / Routh Bank | 海马滩 Haima Tan | Lies north of Palawan Passage | 0 |
| Seahorse Shoal / Seashore Shoal / Routh Bank | Bãi Thạch Sa | Lies north of Palawan Passage | 0 |
| Stag Shoal | Panday Pira | | 0 |
| Stag Shoal | 隐遁暗沙 Yindun Ansha | | 0 |
| Southern Bank / Reef | Katimugan | A group of features located south of Reed Tablemount. The reef includes: Magat Salamat Reef, Tagpi, Hubo Reef, and Katimugan Banks/Reef. The area is largely controlled and used for fishing by the Philippines due to its proximity to Flat Island and Nanshan Island. | 0 |
| Southern Bank / Reef | 南方浅滩 Nanfang Qiantan | A group of features located south of Reed Tablemount. The reef includes: Magat Salamat Reef, Tagpi, Hubo Reef, and Katimugan Banks/Reef. The area is largely controlled and used for fishing by the Philippines due to its proximity to Flat Island and Nanshan Island. | 0 |
| Southern Bank / Reef | Bãi Nam | A group of features located south of Reed Tablemount. The reef includes: Magat Salamat Reef, Tagpi, Hubo Reef, and Katimugan Banks/Reef. The area is largely controlled and used for fishing by the Philippines due to its proximity to Flat Island and Nanshan Island. | 0 |
| Templar Bank | Dalag | | 0 |
| Templar Bank | 忠孝滩 Zhongxiao Tan | | 0 |
| Templar Bank | Bãi Rạch Vang | | 0 |
Unoccupied but largely controlled by the Philippines :
| The reefs, shoals, etc. to the west of the 116°E meridian |||||
| Int'l Name | Local Names | Description | Area (ha.) | Reclaimed area |
| Loaita Nan | 双黄沙洲 Shuanghuang Shazhou 雙黃沙洲 | near Loaita Cay | 0 | 0 |
| Loaita Nan | Bãi Loại Ta Nam | near Loaita Cay | 0 | 0 |
| North Reef (Spratly Islands) | 贡士礁 Zhuying Jiao 貢士礁 | near Northeast Cay | 0 | 0 |
| North Reef (Spratly Islands) | Đá Bắc | near Northeast Cay | 0 | 0 |
| Sandy Cay (Spratly Islands) | 铁线礁 Tiexiang Jiao 鐵線礁 | near Thitu Island | 0 | 0 |
| Sandy Cay (Spratly Islands) | Đá Hoài Ân | near Thitu Island | 0 | 0 |
| Thitu Reef | 铁峙礁 Tiezhi Jiao 鐵峙礁 | near Thitu Island Above water only at low tide. Located northeast of Thitu Island and unnamed on most maps. Part of Thitu Reefs | 0 | 0 |
| Thitu Reef | Đá Vĩnh Hảo | near Thitu Island Above water only at low tide. Located northeast of Thitu Island and unnamed on most maps. Part of Thitu Reefs | 0 | 0 |

### Unoccupied but largely controlled by Vietnam

Unoccupied but largely controlled by Vietnam :
| Vietnam |||||
| Int'l Name | Local Names | Description | Area (ha.) | Reclaimed area |
| Loveless Reef | 华礁 Hua Jiao 華礁 | near Sin Cowe Island | 0 | 0 |
| Loveless Reef | Đá Nghĩa Hành | near Sin Cowe Island | 0 | 0 |
| Jubilee Bank | 朱应滩 Zhuying Tan 朱應灘 | near Ladd Reef | 0 | 0 |
| Jubilee Bank | Mỹ Hải (bãi ngầm) | near Ladd Reef | 0 | 0 |
| Johnson Patch | 常骏暗沙 Changjun Ansha 常駿暗沙 | near Bombay Castle | 0 | 0 |
| Johnson Patch | Bãi Vũng Mây (tức là) | near Bombay Castle | 0 | 0 |
| Owen Shoal | 奥援暗沙 Aoyuan Ansha | near Bombay Castle Shallowest natural depth is 6 m. | 0 | 0 |
| Owen Shoal | Chim Biển (bãi ngầm) | near Bombay Castle Shallowest natural depth is 6 m. | 0 | 0 |
| Bittern Reef | 石盘仔 Shípánzǐ Đá Núi Mon | near Pearson Reef | 0 | 0 |
| Discovery Small Reef | Đá Nhỏ | near Discovery Great Reef | 0 | 0 |
| Discovery Small Reef | 小现礁 Xiǎoxiàn jiāo | near Discovery Great Reef | 0 | 0 |
| Flora Temple Reef | Đá Đền Cây Cỏ | near Discovery Great Reef | 0 | 0 |
| Holiday Reef | Đá Bãi Khung | near Grierson Reef | 0 | 0 |
| Holiday Reef | 长线礁 Chángxiàn jiāo | near Grierson Reef | 0 | 0 |
| Ross Reef | 染青东礁 Rǎnqīng dōng jiāo | near Grierson Reef | 0 | 0 |
| Ross Reef | Đá An Bình | near Grierson Reef | 0 | 0 |
| Higgens Reef | 屈原礁 Qūyuán jiāo | near Lansdowne Reef | 0 | 0 |
| Higgens Reef | Đá Phúc Sỹ | near Lansdowne Reef | 0 | 0 |
| Gent Reef | 吉阳礁 Jíyáng jiāo | near SinCowe Island | 0 | 0 |
| Gent Reef | Đá Sơn Hà | near SinCowe Island | 0 | 0 |
| Bamford Reef | 龙虾礁 Lóngxiā jiāo | near Grierson Reef | 0 | |
| Bamford Reef | Đá Vị Khê | near Grierson Reef | 0 | |
| Whitsun Reef | 牛轭礁 Niú è jiāo | near Grierson Reef, Vietnam Coast guard from Grierson Reef still patrols Whitsun Reef regularly Disputes with China | 0 | 0 |
| Whitsun Reef | Đá Ba Đầu | near Grierson Reef, Vietnam Coast guard from Grierson Reef still patrols Whitsun Reef regularly Disputes with China | 0 | 0 |
| Eldad Reef | 安达礁 Āndá jiāo | near Petley Reef, Vietnam Coast guard from Sand Cay (敦謙沙洲, đảo Sơn Ca) still patrols Reef regularly Disputes with China and Taiwan | 0 | 0 |
| Eldad Reef | Đá Én Đất | near Petley Reef, Vietnam Coast guard from Sand Cay (敦謙沙洲, đảo Sơn Ca) still patrols Reef regularly Disputes with China and Taiwan | 0 | 0 |

### Unoccupied features

Not Occupied by any Country :
| These are the unoccupied features. Some sources say that some of these features are occupied by Vietnam or China, but most sources say that they are not occupied. "Occupation" is possibly confused because the said reefs are very close to other occupied features. There are many unoccupied features in the Spratly chain. The current Code of Conduct prohibits any country from acquiring new features. Many of these features are actually in between and/or near two or more occupied features of different countries. Thus, they serve like buffer zones. Example of this is Jones Reef which lies almost exactly between PRC-occupied Hughes Reef and Vietnamese-occupied Higgens Reef. ||||
| Int'l Name | Local Names | Description | Area (ha.) |
| Alicia Annie Reef | Arellano | 09°25′N 115°26′E﻿ / ﻿9.417°N 115.433°E﻿ / 9.417; 115.433 A sand "cay", 1.2 m high. Many rocks above high tide line. Reef encloses a lagoon. | 0 |
| Alicia Annie Reef | 仙娥礁 Xian'e Jiao | 09°25′N 115°26′E﻿ / ﻿9.417°N 115.433°E﻿ / 9.417; 115.433 A sand "cay", 1.2 m high. Many rocks above high tide line. Reef encloses a lagoon. | 0 |
| Alicia Annie Reef | Đá Suối Ngọc | 09°25′N 115°26′E﻿ / ﻿9.417°N 115.433°E﻿ / 9.417; 115.433 A sand "cay", 1.2 m high. Many rocks above high tide line. Reef encloses a lagoon. | 0 |
| Coronation Bank | 康泰滩 Kangtai Tan | | 0 |
| Discovery Small Reef | Burgos Reef | Above water only at low tide. | 0 |
| Discovery Small Reef | 小现礁 Xiaoxian Jiao | Above water only at low tide. | 0 |
| Discovery Small Reef | Đá Nhỏ | Above water only at low tide. | 0 |
| Director Reef / Shoal | Tamban | | 0 |
| Director Reef / Shoal | 指向礁 Zhixiang Jiao | | 0 |
| Dhaulle Shoal | 逍遥暗沙 Xiaoyao Ansha | | 0 |
| Dhaulle Shoal | Bãi Nguyệt Sương | | 0 |
| Ganges Reef | Palma | | 0 |
| Ganges Reef | 恒礁 Heng Jiao | | 0 |
| Glasgow Bank | Aguinaldo | Some sources say this area is occupied by the Philippines due to its proximity to the Commodore Reef. | 0 |
| Glasgow Bank | 双礁 Shuang Jiao | Some sources say this area is occupied by the Philippines due to its proximity to the Commodore Reef. | 0 |
| Glasgow Bank | Bãi ngầm Tam Thanh | Some sources say this area is occupied by the Philippines due to its proximity to the Commodore Reef. | 0 |
| Hopps Reef | Diego Silang | Above water only at low tide. Part of Southampton Reefs. | 0 |
| Hopps Reef | 禄沙礁 Lusha Jiao | Above water only at low tide. Part of Southampton Reefs. | 0 |
| Hopps Reef | Đá Lục Giang | Above water only at low tide. Part of Southampton Reefs. | 0 |
| Jones Reef | 漳溪礁 Zhangxi Jiao | Lies 5 miles (8 km) south of McKennan Reef. Small reef, partly above water only at low tide. Part of Union Banks. | 0 |
| Jones Reef | Đá Văn Nguyên | Lies 5 miles (8 km) south of McKennan Reef. Small reef, partly above water only at low tide. Part of Union Banks. | 0 |
| Livock Reef | (NE part) Jacinto | Above water only at low tide. Some rocks still visible at high tide. Part of Southampton Reefs. | 0 |
| Livock Reef | (SW part) Bonifacio | Above water only at low tide. Some rocks still visible at high tide. Part of Southampton Reefs. | 0 |
| Livock Reef | 三角礁 Sanjiao Jiao | Above water only at low tide. Some rocks still visible at high tide. Part of Southampton Reefs. | 0 |
| Livock Reef | Đá Long Hải | Above water only at low tide. Some rocks still visible at high tide. Part of Southampton Reefs. | 0 |
| Lys Shoal | Bisugo | | 0 |
| Lys Shoal | 乐斯暗沙 Lesi Ansha | | 0 |
| Lys Shoal | Bãi Núi Cầu | | 0 |
| Menzies Reef | Rajah Lakandula | Awash at low tide. Part of Loaita Bank. | 0 |
| Menzies Reef | 蒙自礁 Mengzi Jiao | Awash at low tide. Part of Loaita Bank. | 0 |
| Menzies Reef | Đá An Lão | Awash at low tide. Part of Loaita Bank. | 0 |
| North East Shoal | Ponce | Lies only a few miles north of Commodore Reef. Above water only at low tide. | 0 |
| North East Shoal | 校尉暗沙 Xiaowei Ansha | Lies only a few miles north of Commodore Reef. Above water only at low tide. | 0 |
| North East Shoal | Bãi Ngũ Phụng | Lies only a few miles north of Commodore Reef. Above water only at low tide. | 0 |
| North Viper Shoal | Maya-maya | | 0 |
| North Viper Shoal | 都护暗沙 Duhu Ansha | | 0 |
| South Viper Shoal | Tomas Claudio | | 0 |
| South Viper Shoal | 保卫暗沙 Baowei Ansha | | 0 |
| Trident Shoal | Tatlong-tulis | | 0 |
| Trident Shoal | 永登暗沙 Yongdeng Ansha | | 0 |
| Trident Shoal | Bãi Đinh Ba | | 0 |

### Claimed features by country but occupied by other country

Claimed features by country but occupied by other country :
* The PRC, the ROC and Vietnam claim all of the Spratly Island Chain, including some features that are just 50 km from other countries like the Philippines and Malaysia. The Philippines, Malaysia and Brunei have claims on parts of the area. Here are the islands claimed but are not occupied by these three countries (flags refer to the country currently occupying the feature):
* Philippines: Itu Aba Island , Amboyna Cay , Namyit Island , Sand Cay , Sin Cowe Island , Sin Cowe East Island , Southwest Cay , Spratly Island Proper , Pigeon Reef , South Reef , Ardasier Reef , Erica Reef , Investigator Shoal , Mariveles Reef , Swallow Reef/Island , Mischief Reef , Subi Reef and all of features to the east of the 116°E meridian (unoccupied) (see Unoccupied but largely controlled by the Philippines subtable).
* Malaysia: Amboyna Cay , Barque Canada Reef , Commodore Reef , Louisa Reef and Royal Charlotte Reef [zh] (unoccupied)
* Brunei: Rifleman Bank and Owen Shoal ( uncertain)

### Others

| Baker Reef / Gongzhen Jiao | 10°43.5′N 116°10′E﻿ / ﻿10.7250°N 116.167°E﻿ / 10.7250; 116.167 Awash at low tide. |