# Timeline of Khartoum

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Khartoum, Sudan.

## Prehistoric times

* circa 5000 BCE, first documented skull, human bones and tools found in 1945

## 19th century

Part of a series on the :
History of Sudan :
FlagEmblemAnthem :
Before 1956 :
| Prehistory | before c. 25th cent. BC |
| Kerma culture | c. 25th cent. BC – 16th cent. BC |
| New Kingdom of Egypt | 16th cent. BC – 9th cent. BC |
| Kingdom of Kush | 9th cent. BC – 4th cent. AD |
| Christian Nubian Kingdoms | 6th cent. – 15th cent. |
| Islamization | c. 9th cent. – 19th cent. |
| Turco-Egyptian Sudan | 1820–1885 |
| Mahdist State | 1885–1899 |
| Anglo-Egyptian Sudan | 1899–1956 |
Since 1955 :
| First Civil War | 1955–1972 |
| Republic of Sudan 1964 Revolution | 1956–1969 |
| Democratic Republic 1969 Coup | 1969–1985 |
| Second Civil War | 1983–2005 |
| Republic of Sudan 1985 Coup 1989 Coup | 1986–2019 |
| Republic of Sudan 2019 Revolution 2019 Coup 2021 Coup 2023 War | 2019–present |
By region :
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By topic :
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Timeline :
vte :
* 1821 – Settlement established by Ibrahim Pasha of Egypt.
* 1824 – "Egyptian governor Uthman Bey establishes Khartoum as a military centre."
* 1826 – Ali Khurshid Pasha in power.
* 1829 – Mosque built.
* 1830 – Town becomes capital of "the Sudanese possessions of Egypt."
* 1838 – Disease outbreak; capital relocated temporarily to Shendi.
* 1840 – Flood.
* 1841 – Flood.
* 1854 – Muhammad Sa'id Pasha in power.
* 1856 – Disease outbreak; capital relocated temporarily to Shendi.
* 1862 – Chamber of Commerce established.
* 1866 – Consulates of Austria, France, Italy, Persia, and Tuscany established.
* 1869 – Flood.
* 1874 – Flood.
* 1878 – Flood.
* 1884 – 13 March: Siege of Khartoum begins.
* 1885
** 26 January: Mahdists in power.
** Capital relocated to Omdurman from Khartoum.
* 1898
** 2 September: Conflict between Mahdist and British forces.
** Seat of government relocates to Khartoum from Omdurman.
* 1899
** Town becomes capital of Anglo-Egyptian Sudan.
** Railway begins operating (Wadi Halfa-Khartoum).
** Sudan Gazette (government newspaper) begins publication.

## 20th century

* 1902
** Wellcome Tropical Research Laboratories and Coptic Girls School open.
** Population: 25,000.
* 1903 – Gordon Memorial College opens.
* 1905 – Military academy opens.
* 1907 – Population: 69,349.
* 1909 – Blue Nile Road and Railway Bridge built to Halfaya.
* 1911 – Sudan Herald newspaper begins publication.
* 1912 – Cathedral Church of All Saints consecrated.
* 1913 – Famine.
* 1924
** Demonstrations.
** Flood.
** Kitchener School of Medicine established.
* 1926 – White Nile Bridge to Omdurman built.
* 1928 – Unity High School for Girls founded.
* 1946 – Flood.
* 1950 – Al Khartoum Sports Club formed.
* 1952 – Acropole Hotel in business.
* 1954 – Population: 100,000 (approximate).
* 1955 – Area of city: 7.9 square kilometers.
* 1956
** 1 January: City becomes capital of independent Republic of Sudan.
** University of Khartoum established.
* 1957
** Municipal Stadium opens.
** Khartoum American School established.
* 1960 – Bank of Sudan headquartered in Khartoum.
* 1962 – Industrial Bank of Sudan opens.
* 1964 – Population: 173,500.
* 1967 – August: Arab League summit held.
* 1970
** Area of city: 13.3 square kilometers.
** Bank of Khartoum established.
* 1971
** National Museum of Sudan established.
** Population: 261,840.
* 1973
** August: Anti-government unrest.
** Saudi embassy held by Palestinian militants.
* 1974 – Catholic Metropolitan Archdiocese of Khartoum formed.
* 1976 – Friendship Hall built.
* 1977 – Oil pipeline to Port Sudan completed.
* 1978 – July – Organisation of African Unity summit held.
* 1980 – Area of city: 101.3 square kilometers.
* 1983
** September: Islamic law in effect.
** University of Juba relocates to Khartoum (approximate date).
* 1984
** March: Teacher/doctor strike begins.
** El-Sheikh Mosque built.
* 1985
** March: Economic protest.
** Population: 1,611,000 (urban agglomeration).
* 1988 – Flood.
* 1990 – Population: 2,360,000 (urban agglomeration).
* 1991
** City becomes part of Khartoum federal state (administrative region).
** Popular Arab and Islamic Congress held in city.
* 1992 – Khartoum International Airport terminal opens.
* 1993
** Khartoum Bank Group formed.
** Sudatel headquartered in Khartoum.
** Population: 924,505 city.
* 1994 – Venezuelan criminal Carlos the Jackal arrested in Khartoum.
* 1995
** Khartoum Stock Exchange begins trading.
** Population: 3,088,000 (urban agglomeration).
* 1997 – Greater Nile Petroleum Operating Company incorporated.
* 1998
** August: Al-Shifa pharmaceutical factory in Khartoum North bombed by U.S. forces.
** Area of city: 343.8 square kilometers.
* 1999
** Ibrahim Malik Islamic Center built.
** Republican Palace Museum opens.
** Greater Nile Oil Pipeline in operation.
* 2000
** Khartoum Monitor newspaper begins publication.
** Population: 3,505,000 (urban agglomeration).

## 21st century
### 2000s

* 2005
** July: Demonstrations.
** Citizen (Juba) newspaper begins publication.
** Population: 3,979,000 (urban agglomeration).
** City designated an Arab Capital of Culture by Arab League/UNESCO.
* 2006
** January: African Union summit held.
** March: Arab League summit held.
* 2007 – El Mek Nimr Bridge to Khartoum North built.
* 2008
** 10–12 May: City besieged by anti-government forces.
** Population: 639,598.
* 2009 – Tuti Bridge opens.

### 2010s

* 2010 – Population: 4,516,000 (urban agglomeration).
* 2012
** June: Economic protest.
** October: al-Yarmook armament factory bombed.