OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Richard I. Cohen

Richard I. Cohen (Hebrew: ריצ'רד כהן) also known as Richard Yerachmiel Cohen is a professor of history, presently holding the Paulette and Claude Kelman Chair in French Jewry Studies in the Department of Jewish History at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. He specializes in the history of Jews in Western and Central Europe in the modern period, in particular the Jews of France, art history, Jewish historiography, and The Holocaust.

## Early life

Cohen was born in Montréal, Québec, Canada. Cohen completed his undergraduate History and Sociology degree at McGill University in 1967. He earned his master's degree in 1972 and PhD in 1981, both at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem.

## Career

Cohen was on the international editorial board of the Encyclopaedia of the Holocaust, published in 1990 in tandem Hebrew- and English-language editions by Yad Vashem.
His 1998 book Jewish Icons: Art and Society in Modern Europe explores art by and about Jews, in the context of European Jewish social history, as well as art history, and encompasses both high art and popular visual culture; he produced this work in the course of a 15-year collaboration with fellow Hebrew University historian Ezra Mendelsohn (1940–2015) in efforts to encourage research on the arts and modern Jewish society.

## Selected bibliography

* The Return to the Land of Israel. World Zionist Organization, Dor Hemschech. 1968. ISBN 965-227-035-0. (co-author: Judith Carp)
* The Burden of Conscience: French-Jewish leadership during the Holocaust. Indiana University Press. 1987. ISBN 0-253-31263-9.
* Jewish Icons: Art and society in Modern Europe. University of California Press. 1998. ISBN 0-520-20545-6.
* The Emergence of Jewish Artists in Nineteenth-Century Europe. Merrill. 2001. ISBN 1-85894-153-9. (co-author: Susan Tumarkin Goodman)
* The Jewish Contribution to Civilization: Reassessing an idea. Littman Library of Jewish Civilization. 2008. ISBN 978-1-904113-52-2. (co-author: Jeremy Cohen)
* Lambert, Raymond-Raoul [in French] (1985). Cohen, Richard I. (ed.). Carnet d'un témoin: 1940–1943 (in French). Fayard. ISBN 978-2-213-01549-1.
   * Lambert, Raymond-Raoul [in French] (15 October 2007). Cohen, Richard I. (ed.). Diary of a witness 1940-1943: The experience of French Jews in The Holocaust. Translated by Best, Isabel. Ivan R. Dee. ISBN 978-1-56663-740-4.
# Weener

Weener (German pronunciation: ) is a town in the district of Leer, in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is situated near the border with the Netherlands, on the river Ems. The towns population is at 15,654, making it the largest town of the region Rheiderland. It has a railway and autobahn connection to Groningen, Netherlands, Emden and Bremen.
The city was first mentioned in a monastery's records in 951.

## Town
### Division of the town

The town of Weener consists of 9 districts:
* Weener
* Kirchborgum
* Diele
* Vellage / Halte
* Stapelmoor
* Holthusen
* Weenermoor / Möhlenwarf
* St. Georgiwold
* Beschotenweg

### Neighbouring communities

In the district of Leer:
* Bunde
* Leer
* Jemgum
* Westoverledingen
In the district of Emsland:
* Papenburg
* Rhede

## Politics
### Mayor

* 2006–2014: Wilhelm Dreesmann
* 2014–2021: Ludwig Sonnenberg
* 2021–incumbent: Heiko Abbas

### Town Council

The composition of the town council for the 2021-2026 electoral period is:
* SPD = 15 seats
* CDU = 8 seats
* UWG = 2 seats
* Grüne = 3 seats
* AfD = 1 seat
* Ratsmitglied Junker = 1 seat
* Ratsmitglied S. Hinderks = 1 seat
* Bürgermeister Abbas = 1 seat

## International relations

Weener is twinned with:
* Eurajoki in Finland
* Les Pieux in France

## Demographics

Statistics are as of December 31 of each year:
* 1980 – 14.115
* 1985 – 14.245
* 1990 – 14.320
* 1995 – 14.831
* 2000 – 15.338
* 2001 – 15.406
* 2002 – 15.534
* 2003 – 15.625
* 2004 – 15.666
* 2005 – 15.602
* 2018 – 16.276

## Climate

Weener is in a temperate climate zone, influenced by the North Sea. During the summer, the temperatures are lower than those in the rest of Germany. In winter, the temperatures are higher than the other regions.
# Project Loghman

The Khalije Fars (Persian Gulf) class is a destroyer class, the class was previously designated a training ship. In terms of size and armament the vessel is the first true destroyer built by Iran.
Many experts believe that it was referred to as a training vessel in order to cover the real goal of the vessel. The class is five times larger than the Jamaran, which means it is at least 5,500 tons and 7,000-7,500 tons full. A model which appeared in November 2014 shows a radar above the destroyer.
Construction began on November 11, 2019.

## Specifications

The Loghman Project (Persian Gulf Training Ship) is a training ship that weighs 5,000 tons, is 135 meters long, 16 meters wide, and has a draft of 4.7 meters, and is capable of sailing 8,000 nautical miles.

## Khalij-e Fars

Khalij-e Fars is the lead ship of Project Loghman and an upcoming training ship/destroyer of the Islamic Republic of Iran Navy currently under construction.
# Sir William Neal, 1st Baronet

Sir William Phené Neal, 1st Baronet (22 October 1860 – 7 July 1942), was a British businessman and 603rd Lord Mayor of London.
Neal published The Food Supply of the Nation in 1924. He served as Sheriff of London in 1929–30 and as Lord Mayor of London between 1930 and 1931. He was created a baronet, of Cherry Hinton in the County of Cambridge, in 1931. He died in July 1942, aged 81, when the baronetcy became extinct.
# Chamrao Parbat II

Chamrao Parbat II is a mountain of the Garhwal Himalaya in Uttarakhand, India. It is situated in the Zaskar Range. The elevation of Chamrao Parbat II is 6,760 metres (22,178 ft) and its prominence is 210 metres (689 ft). It is 41st highest located entirely within the Uttarakhand. Nanda Devi, is the highest mountain in this category. It lies 6.6 km NW of Kamet 7,756 metres (25,446 ft). Its nearest higher neighbor Mukut Parbat 7,242 metres (23,760 ft) lies 2.5 km SE and it is 9 km NW of Mana NW 7,092 metres (23,268 ft). It lies 3.3 km SE of Chamrao Parbat I.

## Climbing history

A four-member New Zealand expedition team comprising E. P. Hillary from Auckland, W. G. Lowe from Hastings, F. M. Cotter from Christchurch, and H. E. RIDDIFORD and four sherpas Pasang Dawa Lama, Nima, his brother Thundu, and Ylla Tenzing started their journey from Ranikhet on 2 June 1951 towards Badrinath. Their main objectives in this expedition is Nilkanth and Mukut Parbat. They had climbed many other peaks including P. 6760. W. G. LOWE and Hillary climbed P. 6760 on 5 August 1951.

## Neighboring and subsidiary peaks

Neighboring or subsidiary peaks of Chamrao Parbat II:
* Kamet: 7,756 m (25,446 ft)30°55′12″N 79°35′30″E﻿ / ﻿30.92000°N 79.59167°E﻿ / 30.92000; 79.59167
* Mana Peak: 7,272 m (23,858 ft)30°52′50″N 79°36′55″E﻿ / ﻿30.88056°N 79.61528°E﻿ / 30.88056; 79.61528
* Mana Northwest: 7,092 m (23,268 ft)30°53′37″N 79°35′57″E﻿ / ﻿30.89361°N 79.59917°E﻿ / 30.89361; 79.59917
* Bidhan Parbat: 6,520 m (21,391 ft)30°51′48″N 79°40′49″E﻿ / ﻿30.86333°N 79.68028°E﻿ / 30.86333; 79.68028
* Mandir Parbat: 6,559 m (21,519 ft)30°49′40″N 79°36′14″E﻿ / ﻿30.82778°N 79.60389°E﻿ / 30.82778; 79.60389
* Abi Gamin: 7,355 m (24,131 ft)30°55′57″N 79°36′09″E﻿ / ﻿30.93250°N 79.60250°E﻿ / 30.93250; 79.60250
* Mukut Parbat: 7,242 m (23,760 ft)30°56′57″N 79°34′12″E﻿ / ﻿30.94917°N 79.57000°E﻿ / 30.94917; 79.57000
* Saraswati Parbat I: 6,940 m (22,769 ft)31°01′54″N 79°30′06″E﻿ / ﻿31.03167°N 79.50167°E﻿ / 31.03167; 79.50167

## Glaciers and rivers

Near by glaciers and river Dakshini Chamrao glacier, Balbala glacier and Paschimi Kamet glacier all the glacier drain their water in the Saraswati River which then joins Alaknanda River near Mana village one of the main tributaries of Ganga river. The River Dhauli Ganga emerges from Purbi Kamet Glacier and met Alaknanda river at Vishnu Prayag an 82 km journey from its mouth. Alaknanda river is one of the main tributaries of Ganga.
# Boreocingula globulus

Boreocingula globulus is a species of small sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk or micromollusk in the family Rissoidae.

## Description

The maximum recorded shell length is 3.5 mm.

## Habitat

Minimum recorded depth is 10 m. Maximum recorded depth is 450 m.
# Bonfoy–Barstow House

The Bonfoy–Barstow House is a historic house located at 485 East Main Street in West Winfield, Herkimer County, New York.

## Description and history

It was built in 1888, and consists of a square front block with rear addition. They are of frame construction with gable roofs. The front block is 2+1⁄2 stories, two bays by two bays. The rear addition was originally a two-story, two-bay-wide block with a one-story shed roofed wing. That shed roofed wing was expanded to two-stories in the 1940s. Also on the property is a contributing carriage house. It is an example of late-19th century, middle class vernacular architecture.
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on August 24, 2011.
# Johann Nepomuk Karl, Prince of Liechtenstein

Johann Nepomuk Karl (Johann Nepomuk Karl Borromäus Josef Franz de Paula; 6 July 1724 – 22 December 1748) was the Prince of Liechtenstein between 1732 and 1748.

## Early life

He was the son of Joseph Johann Adam, Prince of Liechtenstein and his second wife, Countess Maria Anna Katharina of Oettingen-Spielberg (1693-1729).

## Life

When his father died, Johann Nepomuk Karl was only eight and his uncle Josef Wenzel ruled as regent and took care of his nephew's education, preparing him for his future role. When Johann Nepomuk Karl took over the rule of his domains alone in 1745, it seemed that his uncle had taught him nothing, because the prince soon neglected the government and otherwise had seen little economic success.
Because of the evident inability of the prince, a royal Hungarian and Bohemian royal chamberlain was appointed to rule. The prince died shortly afterwards in 1748 at Wischau aged 24 years, being the youngest Prince of Liechtenstein to die.

## Marriage and issue

In Vienna on 19 March 1744 Johann Nepomuk Karl married his cousin Maria Josepha, Countess of Harrach-Rohrau (20 November 1727 – 15 February 1788), daughter of Count Friedrich August von Harrach-Rohrau and his wife, Princess Maria Eleonora of Liechtenstein (1793-1757). They had three children:
* Princess Maria Anna (October 1745 – 27 April 1752).
* Prince Joseph Johannes Nepomuk Xaver Gotthard Adam Franz de Paula Frederick (5 May 1747 – 20 May 1747).
* Princess Maria Antonia Josepha Theresia Walburga (posthumously 13 June 1749 – 28 May 1813), married on 17 January 1768 to Prince Wenzel von Paar.
# Quick Mart Limited

Quick Mart, also Quickmart, is a Kenyan supermarket chain. As of June 2022, it was the second largest supermarket chain in the country, behind market leader, Naivas Limited, with 84 stores and over 8,000 employees. At that time, according to its website, Quickmart had 53 retail outlets and employed in excess of 5,000 people.

## History

Quickmart was founded in 2006 in the then town of Nakuru, which is Nakuru City today. It was started by the late John Kinuthia, a businessman, who passed away in 2016. In its early years, it was run as a family-owned and family-operated business. As of November 2017, the retail chain maintained eight outlets.
Quickmart merged with Tumaini Self Service Limited, another retail chain in 2019. At the time of the merger, Quickmart had 11 branches and Tumaini had 13 branches. The new business adopted the Quick Mart brand. The merger concluded in 2020. The majority shareholder in the new business is Adenia Partners of Mauritius, through their wholly owned Kenyan subsidiary company Sokoni Retail Kenya.

## Overview

As of June 2022, Quick Mart Limited was the second-largest supermarket chain in Kenya, with 53 retail outlets. In 2017, the components of today's (2022) Quickmart had gross annual sales in excess of KSh1 billion (approx. US$10 million) then.
Quick Mart is a fast-growing retail chain. In 2021, it opened six new stores, the highest number among all supermarket chains in the country that year. A number of factors contributed to that rapid growth. Three large Kenyan supermarket chains collapsed around that time; Nakumatt, Tuskys and Uchumi all went under in rapid succession. At about this time, Choppies Enterprises Limited, a retail chain based in Botswana, withdrew from Kenya. With new funding from Adenia Partners, Quick Mart expanded into some of the locations vacated by the closed firms.

## Ownership

The table below illustrates the shareholding in Quick Mart Supermarkets Limited in June 2022.
Quickmart Supermarkets Limited Stock Ownership As of June 2022 :
| Rank | Name of Owner | Domicile | Percentage Ownership |
| 1 | Kinuthia Family | Kenya | Less than 50.0 |
| 2 | Sokoni Retail Kenya* | Kenya | More than 50.0 |
| | Total | | 100.00 |
* Sokoni Retail Kenya is a Kenyan investment company, wholly owned by private equity firm, Adenia Partners, based in Mauritius.

## Governance

After the merger with Tumaini Self Service Stores, Quick Mart is led by a ten-person senior management team headed by the chief executive officer, Peter Kang'iri.
# Seattle-style hot dog

A Seattle-style hot dog, locally referred to as a Seattle Dog, is a hot dog served in a bun slathered with cream cheese. In Seattle, the dogs are sold from food carts, especially outside stadiums on game day and as a late-night meal outside the city's music venues.

## History

The Seattle-style hot dog was invented in 1989 in the Pioneer Square neighborhood by Hadley Long, a vegetarian food vendor from Ohio, who operated a bagel cart on the sidewalk between the Central Saloon and J&M Cafe and Cardroom. Long originally served only vegetarian bagels and toppings from his cart, but soon gave in to late-night demand for meat by adding hot dogs to his existing bagels and cream cheese. He sourced bialy-style buns from the Bagel Deli on Capitol Hill and spread both sides with cream cheese before adding a hot dog, naming his new recipe and cart Hadley's Bagel Dogs.
Seattle Dogs increased in popularity at bars and music venues during the grunge movement of the 1990s. In 1999, The Stranger favorably reviewed the hot dog stand outside The Showbox, seemingly the first mention of cream cheese hot dogs by local media.
Seattle-style hot dogs are now often sold at bars and their surrounding street vendors at night. They are also available at and near the city's sporting venues. A vendor told Seattle Weekly that he believed large crowds visiting stands outside of Safeco Field during the Seattle Mariners 2001 116–46 season was "the big boom" for the recipe.
In Everett, a cart began selling Seattle-style dogs outside Comcast Arena in 2009. The Seattle Mariners began serving Seattle Dogs at the Hit it Here Café inside Safeco Field during the 2010 season.
James Beard Award-winning Seattle chef Renee Erickson features an $18 hot dog on the menu of the Deep Dive bar at the Amazon Spheres. The gourmet take on the Seattle Dog is dressed with whipped cream cheese, pickled jalapeños, pickled red onions, and pink salmon roe caviar.

## Preparation

The meat is typically grilled and the hoagie roll or bun is usually toasted.
The use of cream cheese defines the Seattle-style hot dog. Sellers sometimes use pistol-grip sauce dispensers to quickly add the thick cream cheese. The owner of Dante's Inferno Dogs says that he was the first to introduce their use.
Grilled onions are one of the most popular additions. Other toppings include jalapeños and other peppers, sauerkraut or grilled cabbage, and scallions. Condiments such as mustard (American yellow or spicy brown), barbecue sauce, and Sriracha sauce are favorites, while ketchup is used less often.
# ModBase

ModBase is a database of annotated comparative protein structure models, containing models for more than 3.8 million unique protein sequences. Models are created by the comparative modeling pipeline ModPipe which relies on the MODELLER program.
ModBase is developed in the laboratory of Andrej Sali at UCSF. ModBase models are also accessible through the Protein Model Portal.
# Bovine Metabolome Database

Bovine Metabolome Database is a free web database about metabolites information of bovine (cow). It collects 7859 metabolites totally. Each metabolite host properties like CAS name, IUPAC name, structure diagram, formula, and biofluid location. It fills the lack of the information in bovine field. This project is supported by Genome Alberta & Genome Canada, a not-for-profit organization that is leading Canada's national genomics strategy with $600 million in funding from the federal government. Bovine Metabolome Database's protocol is available via Bovine Metabolome Database website.
# DbCRID

The Chromosomal Rearrangements In Diseases (dbCRID) is a database of human chromosome rearrangements events and diseases related to them.
# Murder of Aya Maasarwe

On 16 January 2019, Aya Maasarwe (alt: Aiia Maasarwe, Arabic: آية مصاروة Hebrew: איה מסארוה,), a Palestinian with Israeli citizenship who was studying at La Trobe University in Melbourne, Australia as an exchange student, was killed as she returned home from an evening at a comedy club in North Melbourne. The violent, random nature of the killing sparked renewed community concern about the safety of women, especially after dark in Melbourne. Parallels were drawn to the murders of Eurydice Dixon, Jill Meagher and Maša Vukotić. Maasarwe was buried in her hometown of Baqa al-Gharbiyye, Israel.

## Background

Aya Maasarwe was born in 1997 in Baqa al-Gharbiyye, Israel, to a Palestinian Muslim family. She was studying at Shanghai University, and was in Melbourne as part of a student exchange program with La Trobe University. Maasarwe was undertaking a business degree intending to work later at her father's firm in China.

## Death

Victoria Police believe Maasarwe was attacked sometime after midnight on 16 January, around 50 m (160 ft) from a tram stop on the corner of Plenty Road and Main Drive in the suburb of Bundoora. She had been returning home after attending a performance at a comedy club in North Melbourne and was on a video call with her sister.
Maasarwe's body was discovered around 7 am in shrubbery near the carpark of Polaris 3083 Town Centre shopping mall by maintenance workers. Items of clothing, suspected to belong to her attacker, were located within 100 m (330 ft) of her body.
On 18 January, 20-year-old vagrant Codey Herrmann was arrested in Pioneer Reserve, a park in the nearby suburb of Greensborough. The following day he was charged with Maasarwe's rape and murder. He appeared in the Melbourne Magistrates' Court and was remanded in custody.
On 21 January the family received the body of Maasarwe from the coroner. In the suburb of Dandenong at the Albanian Mosque, family along with supporters gathered for the Janazah (Islamic funeral rites) and prayer service for Maasarwe. The family returned to Israel on 22 January with her body. She was buried in her home town of Baqa al-Gharbiyye. Her family later created a scholarship for Palestinian doctors in her name.
On 29 October 2019, Herrmann was sentenced to 36 years in prison (30 years non-parole) for the rape and murder of Maasarwe.

## Reactions

Victorian Premier Daniel Andrews, in a statement condemning the killing, said that "sexist attitudes in our society" needed to change to end the problem of violence against women in Australia. Andrews stated that "Victorians are united in sadness. In anger that this bright young woman’s life was taken from her. I hope we are also united in determination. That we can – and must – end this culture of violence against women."
# Nathan (footballer, born May 1999)

Nathan Crepaldi da Cruz, simply known as Nathan (born 28 May 1999), is a Brazilian professional footballer who plays as a forward for Bosnian Premier League club Radnik Bijeljina.

## Honours

Sarajevo
* Bosnian Premier League: 2018–19, 2019–20
* Bosnian Cup: 2018–19
Radnik Bijeljina
* First League of RS: 2023–24
# Charlie Faumuina

Charles Chris Faumuina (born 24 December 1986) is a professional rugby union player who plays as a prop for Top 14 club Toulouse. Born in New Zealand, he represents Samoa at international level after qualifying on ancestry grounds.

## Club career

Faumuina was a late recruit to rugby union, and played only rugby league until selected for the Papatoetoe High School 1st XV rugby team. His progress in rugby union was rapid and in 2007 he was selected to make his first-class rugby debut for the New Zealand Colts against Canada. The same year he made his debut for Auckland as a substitute against the Counties Manukau Steelers in the Air New Zealand Cup. On 7 March 2009, Faumuina made his Super Rugby debut against the Sharks when international prop John Afoa was ruled out through injury.
In 2011, due to extended injury layoff to Tony Woodcock, Faumuina started the majority of games for the Blues in a successful season.
In 2012, Faumuina played 10 of the Blues first 11 games in the Super Rugby season and missed only the game against the Chiefs due to injury.
Blues head coach at the time Pat Lam believed Faumuina, despite his size, has a dancer's agility. "He's a big man but his footwork is unbelievable, he's got footwork like a ballerina and I think it's a massive asset," said Lam.
On 28 October 2016, it was announced Faumuina would join top French club Toulouse in the Top 14 for the 2017-18 season.

## International career
### New Zealand

On 8 September 2012, he made his debut for the All Blacks as a substitute in the 73rd minute in a test against Argentina.
On 15 September 2014, he scored his first international try for the All Blacks in a 24–21 victory against England.
Faumuina was selected for the 2015 Rugby World Cup's 31-man All Black squad and played in many games including the knockout stages, where the squad made history as the first to retain their World Cup title, and the first to win three tournaments.

### Samoa

Having not played international rugby for 3 years he became eligible to play for Manu Samoa. It was announced Faumuina had been selected as a substitute for the game against Japan being played at the Sapporo Stadium on 22 July 2023. He came on as a substitute in the 52nd minute of the game, winning his first cap for Manu Samoa. He then made the cut and was selected for the Manu Samoa Rugby World Cup 2023 squad to be played in France.
# Disciplined Services

In Hong Kong, the Disciplined Services consist of ICAC, Police Force, Fire Services, Correctional Services, Customs, Immigration, and Government Flying Service.
The Independent Commission Against Corruption (ICAC) reports directly to the Chief Executive. Except in detention centres, most ICAC officers (including investigators) do not need to wear uniforms. Much of their work is classified. They treat the identity of the complainant in strict confidence (try to keep it confidential). After lodging a complaint to the ICAC, the complainant cannot disclose the identity of the subject person.
Six regular forces report to the Security Bureau:
* Hong Kong Police Force
** Hong Kong Auxiliary Police Force
* Hong Kong Fire Services Department
** Emergency Ambulance Service
* Correctional Services Department
* Customs and Excise Department
* Immigration Department
* Government Flying Service
Two auxiliary forces also report to the Security Bureau. They are mainly staffed by volunteers trained in responding to emergency and operations.
* Civil Aid Service
* Auxiliary Medical Service