OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# The River House

The River House is a historic building in the Skippool area of Thornton-Cleveleys, Lancashire, England. Overlooking the River Wyre, it was built in 1830, originally known as Wyre Bank, later becoming Wyre Bank Hotel and Restaurant. After two further renamings, firstly to The River House, then The River House Restaurant, in 1958, it was frequented by the likes of Rudolf Nureyev, George Harrison and prominent politicians and was run by members of the Scott family. It has also been a four-guestroom hotel.
Bill and Linda Scott ran the hotel for over thirty years, before selling it in 2005.
British Prime Ministers Edward Heath, Margaret Thatcher and Tony Blair stayed at the property during the Tory Party Conferences that were held in Blackpool. John Prescott has also stayed at The River House.
Today it is a private residence, with an addition on the northern side of the property.

## Gallery

* River House is in view on the left of this photo taken from Shard Bridge in 2009
# William Urquhart Arbuthnot

William Urquhart Arbuthnot (24 March 1807 – 11 December 1874) was a Scottish administrator in India.

## Early life

Arbuthnot was born on 24 March 1807 in Edinburgh, Scotland into Clan Arbuthnott. He was the fifth son of Sir William Arbuthnot, 1st Baronet (1766–1829) and Anne Alves (d. 1846). His siblings included Sir Robert Arbuthnot, 2nd Baronet, John A. Arbuthnot, George Clerk Arbuthnot (father of Charles Ramsay Arbuthnot), Archibald Francis Arbuthnot (who married Hon. Gertrude Sophia Gough, daughter of the 1st Viscount Gough, father of Maj.-Gen. William Arbuthnot and Sir George Gough Arbuthnot), and James Edward Arbuthnot. His father served as Lord Provost of Edinburgh and Lord Lieutenant of the City of Edinburgh.
His maternal grandfather was John Alves, Esq., of Shipland, Inverness-shire. His paternal grandparents were Robert Keith Arbuthnot, FRSE of Haddo Rattray, and Mary Urquhart of Cromarty. Among his extended family were uncles, George Arbuthnot, 1st of Elderslie, and Robert Arbuthnot.
He was educated at the Royal High School, Edinburgh and the East India Company College, Haileybury.

## Career

Joining the East India Company, he went to Madras in 1826, eventually becoming the agent to the Governor at Vizagapatam. He resigned from the service in 1846, after which he joined the firm of Arbuthnot & Co. at Madras. He retired to England in 1838.
In 1858, he was one of the first persons chosen by the Crown to fill seats on the new Council of India, on which he served until his death in 1874. On several occasions, he declined appointment as finance minister in India.

## Personal life

On 2 June 1834, he married Elizabeth "Eliza" Jane Taylor (1815–1892), a daughter of Gen. Sir Henry George Andrew Taylor and Eliza Maughan. Together, they lived at Brigden Place in Bexley in Kent, and were the parents of:
* William Henry Arbuthnot (1835–1888), who married Mary Pearson Turner, a daughter of Wright Turner, in 1875.
* Eliza Taylor Arbuthnot (1837–1894), who married the mathematician William Spottiswoode, a partner in the printing and publishing firm Eyre & Spottiswoode who was the son of Andrew Spottiswoode.
* Mary Charlotte Arbuthnot (1841–1897), who married Judge Arthur Brandreth of the Chief Court of the Punjab, in 1868.
* Frederick George Arbuthnot (1845–1910), who died unmarried.
* Helen Ellen Arbuthnot (1850–1929), who died unmarried.
* Louisa Arbuthnot (1852–1852), who died young.
* Reginald James Hugh Arbuthnot (1853–1917), a coffee broker and amateur cricketer who died unmarried.
* Madeline Arbuthnot (1856–1858), who died young.
Arbuthnot died in London on 11 December 1874.
# Patsy Quick

Patsy Quick is an English off-road motorcycle racer, from Heathfield, East Sussex. She was the first British woman to compete in the Dakar Rally in 2003 and became the first British woman to complete it in 2006.

## Dakar Rally participation

In her first attempt to finish the Dakar rally, Quick was involved in a life-threatening accident which stopped her from completing the course. She was flown to a military hospital where she had her spleen removed. Her husband Clive Dredge was part of the four-person back-up team which accompanied her Dakar attempt. She was sponsored by more than a dozen organisations, including KTM who supplied her bike. She appeared in the documentary TV series Race to Dakar (Season 1, Episode 6), in which she suggested her success in 2006 had cost her more than £150,000.

## Other activities

Quick owns a motorcycle training club called Desert Rose Racing.
# Manpacks

Manpacks was a quarterly subscription service offering men's underwear, socks, toiletries and other basic needs. Buyers created their pack with offered items including boxer briefs, undershirts, socks, shaving products, and condoms, and the pack was automatically delivered every three months. The service has been discontinued.

## Foundation

Ken Johnson and Andrew Draper started working on the concept for Manpacks in December 2009 and founded the company in January 2010. Manpacks began as an experimental side project, but demand increased. Soon, customer management and the processing of orders turned into a full-time job. Upon launch, the site offered only offered underwear and socks.
Manpacks was the first American subscription ecommerce service offering men's essentials. Numerous sites have since spawned and imitated Manpacks' business model. Shortly after launch, Manpacks was accepted into Betaspring's startup accelerator program. The company at one time had more than 10,000 subscribers.

## Description

Manpacks automatically shipped men basic needs like socks, underwear, razors, and toiletries every three months or when desired. Three months after placing an order, Manpacks would send customers a shipment reminder email. Manpacks' primary customers were people buying for the men in their life, men who are averse to shopping, and the lazy.
# Joelle J. Leclaire

Joëlle J. Leclaire is an economist specializing in financial crises, fiscal policy, debt dynamics, and modern money theory. She serves as chair and professor in the Economics and Finance Department at SUNY Buffalo State University.

## Education

Leclaire earned her Ph.D. in economics from the University of Missouri - Kansas City, Master of Arts in economics from University of Ottawa and Bachelor of Arts in economics and political studies from University of Manitoba.

## Career

Joëlle J. Leclaire is a professor and chair of the Economics and Finance Department at SUNY Buffalo State University. Her work focuses on macroeconomic issues, particularly financial crises, fiscal policy, debt dynamics, and modern money theory.
Leclaire has been involved in research that challenges conventional economic theories, advocating for policy frameworks that emphasize the role of government in economic stability. She has also examined the implications of fiscal and monetary policies on economic growth and financial stability.

## Selected publication

Heterodox Analysis of Financial Crisis and Reform: History, Politics and Economics (2011) – Co-edited with Tae-Hee Jo and Jane Knodell, this work examines various aspects of financial crises and reforms.
“Seeking Full Employment in a Modern World” (2007) – Published in the International Journal of Political Economy, this article discusses strategies for achieving full employment in contemporary economies.
“Women and Investment: The Role of Fiscal Policy” (2015) – This paper explores the disparities in financing access between women-owned and men-owned businesses.
The Great Deficit Debacle: Causes and Consequences of American Federal Budget Surpluses and Deficits (2008) – This book analyzes the factors leading to U.S. federal budget surpluses and deficits.
# William Stafford, 4th Earl of Stafford

William Stafford, 4th Earl of Stafford (21 September 1375 – 6 April 1395) was an English noble in the fourteenth century. He was the third son of Hugh Stafford, 2nd Earl of Stafford (c. 1344 – 16 October 1386); Hugh's second son Thomas inherited the earldom in 1390. He died in 1392, still childless, and the title passed to William. He was still a minor, however, in the wardship of Thomas, Duke of Gloucester, his dead brother's father-in-law, and the Stafford estates were administered by a ' group of senior officials and lawyers.' He was still so when he died on 6 April 1395 in Pleshey, Essex of natural causes. He was interred in Tonbridge, Kent. William also dying childless, the Stafford earldom descended to the next brother, Edmund, who became the fifth earl.
# Qara Mahammad

Qara Mahammad Yiwa (Azerbaijani: Qara Məhəmməd Yıva) was a bey of the Qara Qoyunlu and father of Qara Yusuf.

## Life

Mahammad was a nephew of Bayram Khwaja and one of his main supporters. He served Jalayirid sultan Uways and suppressed Khwaja Marjan's rebellion (governor of Baghdad) for him, installing his uncle Murad as governor of Baghdad. However, their relations deteriorated soon after.
Uways captured Baghdad from Murad in 1364 and advanced to fight Bayram and Qara Mahammad's armies in Muş. Together they conquered Mosul, Erciş, Mayafariqin and Van. New Jalayirid sultan Hussain moved against Muhammad and attacked Erciş, his new base. Despite Bayram Khwaja's help, Qara Qoyunlus suffered heavy casualties and were captured. Hussain too was deposed soon by Ahmad Jalayir, who invaded Tabriz with the assistance of Shirvanshah Hushang (although Minorsky noted a certain Hamza who was a son of Farrukh Yassar being his supporter, it's chronologically impossible).
Ahmad's other brothers, Shaikh Ali and Pir Ali Barik, opposed him. Husein's former amir, Adil Aqa, had Bayazid proclaimed sultan in Soltaniyeh, while Shaykh Ali prepared to leave Baghdad and march on Tabriz. To secure his position, Ahmad requested the assistance of Qara Mahammad. Shaikh Ali fell in battle against the Qara Yusuf on September 1382. Pir Ali was also killed in 1383.
In 1383, Ahmad wed a Jalayirid princess to Qara Muhammad and himself married to a daughter of Qara Muhammad. Some time later, Ahmad ordered Mahammad to migrate to Baghdad with his horde, while Mahammad went to Azerbaijan, later campaigning in Georgia. Jalayirids used this opportunity to massacre Qara Qoyunlus staying in Azerbaijan, which forced Qara Muhammad to fall back to Erciş.
He invaded Mardin in 1384 and received submission of its Artuqid ruler Majd al-Din Isa Al-Zahir (1376-1407). From this point onwards, the Artuqids operated as a vassal state of the Qara Qoyunlu until they were fully annexed in 1409.
Qara Muhammad faced Timur's expeditions four times and successfully evaded them. A Timurid emir, Lala Khwaja, was killed in third expedition by Qara Yusuf.
In 1389, he also aided the Beylik of Erzincan against the Ak Koyunlu and Eretnids. However, he was killed in April 1389 by revolting emir Pir Hasan.

## Family

* Bayram (k. April 1389 by Pir Hasan)
* Qara Yusuf
* Khwaja Misr (imprisoned by Timur in Avnik, taken to Samarkand in 1394)
** Mirza Ali Beg
** Zeynal Beg
** Qazan Beg (stole treasury, first fled to Avnik, then entered to Timurid service)
# Zajączkowo, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship

Zajączkowo is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Chełmża, within Toruń County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. It lies approximately 12 kilometres (7 mi) east of Chełmża and 23 km (14 mi) north-east of Toruń.
# Forest Lake State Park

Forest Lake State Park is a 397-acre (161 ha) state park in Dalton, New Hampshire. The park is free to use, open year-round, and offers a 200-foot sandy beach on the shore of Forest Lake. Activities in the park include swimming, picnicking, mountain biking, fishing, and boating.
# Allan Hosie

Allan Hosie (born c.1945) is a Scottish international referee and was the 116th President of the Scottish Rugby Union. He was given a Scotland referee cap in January 2025.

## Rugby Union career
### Referee career

When the yellow card was introduced to rugby union - in addition to the red card - Hosie stated: 'This is a bad move, some referees will use it as a get-out, brandishing a yellow card when it should be red.'
He refereed 22 international matches before becoming Five Nations chairman in 1997.

### Administrative career

Hosie was a committee member of the Five Nations Championship from 1992.
Hosie became Chairman of the Five Nations Championship in 1997. He was also the Chairman of the Laws Committee of the IRB; and on the Four Home Unions tour committee. He served as chairman when the championship became the Six Nations Championship and remained there until 2002.
He became the 115th President of the Scottish Rugby Union. He served the standard one year from 2001 to 2002.

## Family

His son, Andrew Hosie, is also a rugby union referee; now working in Canada.
# Mike Anderson (baseball coach)

Michael Anderson (born June 8, 1965) is an American baseball coach and former outfielder, who is the current head baseball coach of the Northern Colorado Bears. He played college baseball at Northern Colorado from 1983 to 1986. He played in Minor League Baseball (MiLB) for 4 seasons from 1986 to 1989. He served as the head coach of the Nebraska Cornhuskers (2003–2011).
In his first five seasons as the head coach, he compiled a 214–100 record. His greatest success came in 2005, when he guided Nebraska to a 57–15 record, while also taking the school to its first-ever College World Series win. The team finished with a school record national ranking of 5th, and it set a school record for highest national seed in the NCAA Division I Baseball Championship tournament (3rd). Anderson won Big 12 coach of the Year honors in 2003 and 2005, and in both seasons his team won the Big 12 conference title. The 2003 Big 12 championship made Anderson only the second Nebraska baseball coach since 1929 to win a conference title in his first season. In 2006, his team earned only the school's third-ever national seed (6th). He previously had served as an assistant with Nebraska from 1995 to 2002, a period when the school's baseball program began having success, most notably being the Huskers' first College World Series appearances in 2001 and 2002

## Coaching career

On May 22, 2011, Anderson was fired by Nebraska Athletic Director Tom Osborne.
On July 2, 2013, after a brief stint coaching Regis Jesuit High School in Aurora, Colorado, Anderson accepted an assistant coaching job for the Oklahoma Sooners to join Pete Hughes as hitting coach.
On June 23, 2022, Anderson was named the head coach at Northern Colorado.

## Head coaching record

Statistics overview :
| Season | Team | Overall | Conference | Standing | Postseason |
| Nebraska Cornhuskers (Big 12 Conference) (2003–2011) ||||||
| 2003 | Nebraska | 47–18 | 20–7 | 1st | NCAA Regional |
| 2004 | Nebraska | 36–23 | 11–16 | 8th | |
| 2005 | Nebraska | 57–15 | 19–8 | 1st | College World Series |
| 2006 | Nebraska | 42–17 | 17–10 | 4th | NCAA Regional |
| 2007 | Nebraska | 32–27 | 14–13 | 4th | NCAA Regional |
| 2008 | Nebraska | 41–16–1 | 17–9–1 | 3rd | NCAA Regional |
| 2009 | Nebraska | 25–28–1 | 8–19 | 10th | |
| 2010 | Nebraska | 27–27 | 10–17 | 9th | |
| 2011 | Nebraska | 30–25 | 9–17 | 9th | |
| Nebraska: | Nebraska: | 337–196–2 (.632) | 125–116–1 (.519) | | |
| Northern Colorado Bears (Summit League) (2023–present) ||||||
| 2023 | Northern Colorado | 11–34 | 8–16 | T–5th | |
| 2024 | Northern Colorado | 16–38–1 | 13–16–1 | T–4th | Summit League tournament |
| Northern Colorado: | Northern Colorado: | 27–72–1 (.275) | 21–32–1 (.398) | | |
| Total: | Total: | 364–268–3 (.576) | | | |
| National champion   Postseason invitational champion   Conference regular season champion   Conference regular season and conference tournament champion  Division regular season champion  Division regular season and conference tournament champion  Conference tournament champion ||||||
# Municipality of Grassland

The Municipality of Grassland is a rural municipality (RM) in the Canadian province of Manitoba.

## History

The RM was incorporated on January 1, 2015 via the amalgamation of the RMs of Cameron and Whitewater and the town of Hartney. It was formed as a requirement of The Municipal Amalgamations Act, which required that municipalities with a population less than 1,000 amalgamate with one or more neighbouring municipalities by 2015. The Government of Manitoba initiated these amalgamations in order for municipalities to meet the 1997 minimum population requirement of 1,000 to incorporate a municipality.

## Communities

* Elgin
* Hartney
* Grande-Clairière
* Lauder
* Minto

## Demographics

In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Grassland had a population of 1,583 living in 552 of its 617 total private dwellings, a change of 1.4% from its 2016 population of 1,561. With a land area of 1,350.34 km$^2$ (521.37 sq mi), it had a population density of 1.2/km$^2$ (3.0/sq mi) in 2021.

## Lauder Sand Hills

The Lauder Sand Hills (49°29′0″N, 100°39′56″W) are located 6 kilometres west of Hartney, were created between 10,000 and 8,000 years ago when the glaciers from the last ice age receded to the north. The glaciers left huge lakes in their wake and the lake that was responsible for the sand hills was named Glacial Lake Hind. The sand hills were formed by sand deposits left behind by a river delta going into the lake. When the lake eventually drained away, the Lauder Sand Hills were left behind. In 1971, the Lauder Sandhills Wildlife Management Area was established to protect the winter habitat of the white-tailed deer. The management area covers 3,145 hectares of land.
Lauder Sand Hills, Oak Lake, Oak Lake Marsh, Maple Lake, and Plum Lakes are all part of an Important Bird Area (IBA) of Canada called Oak Lake / Plum Lakes Area (MB 011). This IBA is a very important breeding ground and stop-over for migrating birds and it covers 654.07 km$^2$ (252.54 sq mi) of habitat.
# Warren Woods State Park

Warren Woods State Park is a 311-acre (126 ha) nature preserve and public recreation area in Berrien County, Michigan, near the village of Three Oaks. The state park is leased by private owners to the state of Michigan.

## History

The woods are named for Edward Kirk Warren (1847-1919), the inventor of the featherbone corset (which replaced the whalebone in corsets with turkey feathers and secured his fortune). Starting in 1879, Warren bought 150 acres (0.61 km$^2$) of the woods and 250 acres (1.0 km$^2$) of the dunes, setting them aside for preservation.

## Natural features

The park is home to the last climax beech-maple forest in Michigan, which occupies 200 acres (0.81 km$^2$). The virgin North American beech (Fagus grandifolia) and sugar maple (Acer saccharum) forest has specimens 125 feet (38 m) tall and with girths greater than 5 feet (1.5 m) in diameter. The remaining area in the park consists of floodplain oak-hickory forest. Because of the size and age of the trees, and the rarity of the ecosystem, the area has been designated since 1967 as a National Natural Landmark. Many of the beeches, with their smooth, thin, silver-grey bark, are heavily scarred by hand-carved graffiti, some of it decades old; however, the practice seems to have fallen out of favor in recent years.

## Activities and amenities

The park has few facilities and is administered by nearby Warren Dunes State Park. Most visitors come to walk the 3.5 miles (5.6 km) of hiking trails, which run from the northern boundary on Warren Woods Road to a parking area accessed from the southern boundary on Elm Valley Road. In the middle of the park the trail crosses the Galien River on a pedestrian bridge, where there is an interpretive station. The park is adjacent to the 42-acre (17 ha) Warren Woods Ecological Field Station, which is owned and operated by the University of Chicago. Birders cite the park as a particularly good place to spot pileated woodpeckers. Other visitors come to picnic. The park is the subject of ecological studies because, in combination with the ecosystems preserved in nearby Warren Dunes State Park, it completes a progression of ecological seres.
# William Morrant Baker

William Morrant Baker (20 October 1839, Andover, Hampshire, England – 3 October 1896, Pulborough, Sussex) was an English physician and surgeon. He first described the condition now known as Baker's cyst.

## Life

William Morrant Baker was the son of a solicitor in the Hampshire town of Andover. He was apprenticed to the local surgeon, Mr. Payne. In 1858 he entered St. Bartholomew's Hospital Medical School in London and qualified in 1861.
Baker became Sir James Paget's assistant for many years. From 1869 until 1885, he was lecturer in general anatomy and physiology at St. Bartholomew's Hospital. He was elected an assistant surgeon to the hospital in 1871 and a surgeon in 1882. He resigned his post as surgeon in 1892 due to his locomotor ataxia. He was then appointed a governor of the hospital.
Baker was also surgeon, later consultant surgeon, to the Evelina Children's Hospital, London and was examinator of general anatomy and physiology at the Royal College of Surgeons.

## Work

He wrote a number of articles on bone and joint problems. He became regarded as an expert in renal surgery, particularly nephrolithomy. He first described the knee joint problem Baker's cyst which is named after him, as are Baker's cannula, a flexible tracheal cannula and Baker's disease a defect of the periarticular ligaments. Baker's other major contribution was his original description in 1873 of a kind of infective dermatitis known today as erysipeloid.
# Zakrzewek, Sępólno County

Zakrzewek (German: Seemark; before 1907: Zakrzewke) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Więcbork, within Sępólno County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. It lies approximately 5 kilometres (3 mi) north-west of Więcbork, 10 km (6 mi) south-west of Sępólno Krajeńskie, and 48 km (30 mi) north-west of Bydgoszcz.
# Çukurcuma

Çukurcuma (pronounced chu-KUR-ju-ma; meaning "Friday Valley" in Turkish) is a district of Beyoğlu (in Istanbul, Turkey), made up of the Kuloğlu and Firuzağa neighbourhoods. It lies south-east of İstiklal Caddesi in a valley, not far from Galatasaray Square and between the Tomtom and Cihangir neighbourhoods. The main thoroughfare is Çukurcuma Caddesi. The buildings largely date from the 19th century, although there has also been a lot of 20th-century development.
Çukurcuma has a rather European character, and is full of antique shops and cafés.
The residents tends to vote for the CHP.
In 2008 The Guardian devoted an article to Çukurcuma. In 2012, the newspaper described it as one of the five best places to live worldwide.

## History

The area of today's Çukurcuma was not inhabited in the Byzantine period.
During the Conquest of Constantinople (1453), Sultan Mehmed the Conqueror is said to have initiated Friday prayer in the valley, giving rise to its name. The Muhittin Molla Fenari Mosque is said to date from Mehmed's reign. Originally built between 1541 and 1547 to a design of the Ottoman architect Mimar Sinan, it was commissioned for the Shaikh al-Islam Çivizade Hacı Mehmed Efendi.
In the 19th century, Çukurcuma expanded as a residential district. In addition to ethnic Turks, Armenians, Greeks and Western Europeans lived here and established schools, hospitals and diplomatic missions. In 1882 the Liceo Italiano Galileo Galilei joined the Greek Zografeion-Lyceum high school. The Greek Consulate General also occupies a building in the neighbourhood.
The 1955 Istanbul pogrom hit Çukurcuma hard, and almost all the remaining Turkish Greeks and Armenians subsequently emigrated.
In 2008, Orhan Pamuk published his book The Museum of Innocence, much of it set in Çukurcuma. In 2012, Pamuk opened an actual Museum of Innocence in a wooden house on one of the back streets of the district. It was recognized as European Museum of the Year in 2014.