OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# First Battle of Massawa

The First Battle of Massawa took place from 1977 to 1978 in and around the coastal city of Massawa. The port was besieged by the Eritrean People's Liberation Front (EPLF) against the forces of Ethiopia and was one of two battles in and around the city.

## The battle

On March 25, 1977, the EPLF overran the Ethiopian garrison at Nakfa. The fall of Nakfa highly demoralized other garrisons throughout the region. In the next few months, the EPLF controlled Afabet, Keren, Elabored, and Dekemhare and captured many weapons. Similarly, the ELF seized Omhajar, Teseney, Adordat, Mendefera, and Adi Kuala. Though they remained in government hands, Asmara, Barentu, Adi Keyeh, and Massawa were now besieged by the insurgents. By October 1977, EPLF fighters had besieged the town of Massawa. This included the main road used by the garrison for the transport of supplies from Asmara. Essentially the garrison was cut off by land and under siege.
On 9 December 1977, the Ethiopian garrison launched a strong counterattack against the EPLF positions on the coastal lowlands near Mai Antal, however this attack ended in failure and the Ethiopians were forced to retreat to Massawa, allowing the EPLF to take control of Dogali. On 21st December 1977, the EPLF managed to overrun the city's main defensive perimeter, forcing the Ethiopian defenders to pull back to the Abd-el Kader and Gherar peninsulas and the islands, where they were protected by naval support. On December 23rd, the EPLF launched a massive frontal assault on the final Ethiopian positions on the peninsulas. When the EPLF fighters attempted to march through the evaporation ponds of the Salina saltworks, the Ethiopian naval artillery initiated a devastating slaughter that killed over 2,000 EPLF fighters and wounded 400. The EPLF was forced to pull back for a long siege, before completely withdrawing to Semhar in July 1978.
# Oron railway station

Oron railway station (French: Gare d'Oron) is a railway station in the municipality of Oron, in the Swiss canton of Vaud. It is an intermediate stop on the standard gauge Lausanne–Bern line of Swiss Federal Railways.

## Services

As of the December 2024 timetable change, the following services stop at Oron:
* RER Vaud S41: hourly service between Lausanne and Fribourg/Freiburg.
# Newar Buddhism

Newar Buddhism is a form of Vajrayana Buddhism practiced by the Newar people of the Kathmandu Valley, Nepal. It has developed unique socio-religious elements, which include a non-monastic Buddhist society based on the Newar caste system and patrilineality. Its caste system has a non-celibate religious clergy caste formed of vajracharya (who perform rituals for others) and shakya (who perform rituals mostly within their own families). Other Buddhist Newar castes like the Urāy act as patrons. Urāy also patronise Tibetan Vajrayana, Theravadin, and even Japanese clerics.
Although there was a vibrant regional tradition of Buddhism in the Kathmandu Valley during the first millennium, the transformation into a distinctive cultural and linguistic form of Buddhism appears to have taken place in the fifteenth century, at about the same time that similar regional forms of Indic Buddhism such as those of Kashmir and Indonesia were on the wane.

## Navagrantha

Newar Buddhism has a group of nine Sanskrit Mahayana sutras called the Navagrantha, these are considered the key Mahayana sutra texts of the tradition. They are:
* Aṣṭasāhasrikā Prajñāpāramitā Sūtra
* Saddharma Puṇḍarīka Sūtra
* Suvarṇaprabhāsa Sūtra
* Samādhirāja Sūtra
* Gandavyūha Sūtra
* Laṅkāvatāra Sūtra
* Daśabhūmika Sūtra
* Lalitavistara Sūtra
* Tathāgataguhya (the text of this sutra was lost, and later replaced by the Guhyasamāja Tantra)

## Artistic tradition

Newar Buddhism is characterized by its extensive and detailed rituals, a rich artistic tradition of Buddhist monuments and artwork like the chaitya (stupa), Baha and Bahi monastic courtyards, statues, paubha scroll paintings and mandala sand paintings, and by being a storehouse of ancient Sanskrit Buddhist texts, many of which are now only extant in Nepal.
According to the authors of Rebuilding Buddhism: The Theravada Movement in Twentieth-Century Nepal: "Today traditional Newar Buddhism is unquestionably in retreat before Theravada Buddhism." Chachā (Charyā) ritual song and dance and Gunlā Bājan music are other artistic traditions of Newar Buddhism. Although Newar Buddhism was traditionally bound to the Kathmandu Valley and its environs, there is at least one new Newar Buddhist temple in Portland, Oregon.

## Outdoor festivals

A number of major street celebrations are held periodically involving processions, displays of Buddha images and services in the three cities of the Kathmandu Valley and in other parts of Nepal.
The main events are Samyak (almsgiving and display of Buddha images), Gunla (holy month marked by musical processions and display of Buddha images), Jana Baha Dyah Jatra (chariot procession in Kathmandu), Bunga Dyah Jatra (chariot processions in Lalitpur, Dolakha and Nala), and Bajrayogini Jatra (processions in Sankhu and Pharping).
# Tiny Doo

Brandon Duncan, better known by his stage name Tiny Doo, is an American hip hop artist, rapper and musician.
In 2014, controversy surrounded his album No Safety after San Diego, California authorities charged Duncan with being part of a criminal conspiracy and thus promoting and profiting from Lincoln Park Blood gang activity described in his lyrics.
Tiny Doo is featured in the 2024 documentary Cover Your Ears produced by Prairie Coast Films and directed by Sean Patrick Shaul, discussing music censorship and his conspiracy trial.

## Discography
### Studio albums

* What It Doo (2006)
* What It Doo, Vol. 2 (2011)
* What It Doo, Vol. 3: Black Hoodie Muzik (2011)
* No Safety (2014)

### with Tiny Beef

* Tiny 2X (2011)
# Zamil Group Holding

Zamil Group Holding (Arabic: شركة مجموعة الزامل القابضة) is one of the largest investment holdings in Saudi Arabia with headquarters in Al Khobar, Saudi Arabia. Several of its subsidiaries such as Zamil Steel Company, Sipchem, Zamil Industrial are publicly listed in the Saudi Arabia stock exchange.

## History

Zamil Group Holding was founded in 1920 in Qassim region in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia by Sheikh Abdullah Al-Hamad Al-Zamil.
Until 1940 the company operated as a trade and services company, when it diversified into real estate.
In 1974, Zamil Group Holding started manufacturing cooling systems having established Zamil Air Conditioning under the license from Friedrich Air Conditioning Company.
In 1976, Zamil Steel Company was added to Zamil Group and in 1977, Zamil Offshore Services was founded offering engineering and construction services to offshore oil and gas platforms.
In 1998, the company established Zamil Industrial and became the first family company listed on the Saudi Arabia stock exchange.
In 1999, Zamil Group established Sipchem which was a closed joint stock company and was listed on the Saudi Stock exchange in 2006.
In 2004, the company established a petrochemical company Sahara Petrochemical and in 2019 merged with Sipchem.
In June 2010, Zamil Group Holding and Huntsman Corporation, the American petrochemical company, established an ethyleneamine plant in Jubail.
In March 2022, Zamil Offshore, a shipbuilder branch in Zamil Group Holding, joined Navantia, Spanish state-owned shipbuilding company, in building interceptors for the vessels of the Royal Saudi Navy.
# Little Yenisei

The Little Yenisei (Russian: Малый Енисей, romanized: Mályy Yeniséy, pronounced; Tuvan: Каа-Хем, Кызыл-Хем, romanized: Kâ-Xem, Kızıl-Xem; Mongolian: Шишгэд гол, romanized: Shishged gol, pronounced) is a river in northern Mongolia and in Tuva, Russia. At its confluence with the Great Yenisei in Kyzyl (Tuva), the Yenisei is formed. It is 563 kilometres (350 mi) long, and has a drainage basin of 58,700 square kilometres (22,700 sq mi). It rises as the Shishged Gol in the Darkhad Valley in northwestern Khövsgöl aimag in Mongolia.
In the Darkhad Valley, it receives its tributaries Sharga and Tengis. It flows westward through the Ulaan Taiga Mountain range to Russia. There it is joined by the Busiyn-Gol, the Belin and the Balyktyg-Khem. Of its 563 km length, 298 are in Mongolia. A bridge has been erected near the center of the Renchinlkhümbe district.
# Coastal plain

A coastal plain (also coastal plains, coastal lowland, coastal lowlands) is an area of flat, low-lying land adjacent to a sea coast. A fall line commonly marks the border between a coastal plain and an upland area.

## Formation

Coastal plains can form in one of two ways; some begin as a continental shelf, a flat piece of land located below sea level, and are created when the ocean level falls, exposing the land. Others develop when river currents carry sediment into the ocean, which is deposited and builds up over time until it forms a coastal plain. They are generally separated from the rest of the interior by proximate landforms, like mountains.

## Locations

Some of the largest coastal plains are in Alaska and the southeastern United States. The Gulf Coastal Plain of North America extends northwards from the Gulf of Mexico along the Lower Mississippi River to the Ohio River, which is a distance of about 981 miles (1,579 km). The Atlantic Coastal Plain runs from the New York Bight to Florida.
The Coastal Plains of India lie on either side of the Deccan Plateau, along the western and eastern coasts of India. They extend for about 6,150 km from the Rann of Kutch in the west to West Bengal in the east. They are broadly divided into the Western Coastal Plains and the Eastern Coastal Plains. The two coastal plains meet at Kanyakumari, the southernmost tip of the Indian mainland. The eastern coastal plain is located between The Bay of Bengal and the eastern Ghats and the western coastal plain is located between the Arabian Sea and the western Ghats.
In Australia, there exists the South East Coastal Plain in Victoria that includes the Gippsland Plain, the eastern portion of Melbourne, Otway Plain and Warrnambool Plain subregions. The Gippsland Plain features the depressed coastal and alluvial plains, barrier dunes and swampy flatlands. They mostly consist of grassland and grassy woodlands on yellow and grey textured fertile soils. Another is the Swan Coastal Plain in Western Australia, which includes the city of Perth. It is one of the distinct physiographic provinces of the larger West Australian Shield division.
# Walter Wilkin

Sir Walter Henry Wilkin, KCMG, VD, JP, DL (1 April 1842 – 13 November 1922) was a British barrister and businessman who was Lord Mayor of London for 1895–96.

## Life

The son of David Wilkin, of Kelvedon Hatch, Essex, and of the City of London, Walker Wilkin born in the city on 1 April 1842, and educated at Dr Pinches' school in Lombard Street, where he was a fellow pupil of Sir Edward Clarke and Sir Henry Irving. He initially joined a firm of underwriters at Lloyd's, but left to be called to the Bar by the Middle Temple in 1875. He was prevented from entering practise by the death of his father and elder brother, which led him to inheriting the family's yeast importing business.
Wilkin was successively Master of the Barbers', Broderers' and Coachmakers' Companies. He became Common Councillor for Lime Street in 1876 and held the post until 1888, when he became an Alderman. He was Sheriff of London in 1892–93, and Lord Mayor of London for 1895–96.
He was a member of the Thames Conservancy Board between 1898 and 1909, as well as Colonel of the 3rd Middlesex Artillery Volunteers.
He was knighted in 1893, and appointed KCMG in 1896.
He died at his home in Gloucester-square, Hyde Park Estate, London on 13 November 1922.

## Family

Wilkin married in 1872 Margot Dale, daughter of Henry Ridley Dale. They had two sons and one daughter.
# The Mammoth Book of Classic Science Fiction

The Mammoth Book of Classic Science Fiction: Short Novels of the 1930s is a themed anthology of science fiction short works edited by Isaac Asimov, Martin H. Greenberg, and Charles G. Waugh, the first in a series of six samplers of the field from the 1930s through the 1980s. It was first published as a trade paperback by Robinson in June 1988. The first American edition was issued in trade paperback by Carroll & Graf in July of the same year. A hardcover edition was issued under the variant title Great Tales of Classic Science Fiction by Galahad Books in May 1990.
The book collects ten novellas and novelettes by various science fiction authors that were originally published in the 1930s, together with an introduction by Asimov.

## Contents

* "Introduction: Science Fiction Finds Its Voice" (Isaac Asimov)
* "The Shadow Out of Time" (H. P. Lovecraft)
* "A Matter of Form" (Horace L. Gold)
* "Jane Brown's Body" (Cornell Woolrich)
* "Who Goes There?" (John W. Campbell, Jr.)
* "Sidewise in Time" (Murray Leinster)
* "Alas, All Thinking!" (Harry Bates)
* "Seeker of Tomorrow" (L. T. Johnson and Eric Frank Russell)
* "Dawn of Flame" (Stanley G. Weinbaum)
* "Divide and Rule" (L. Sprague de Camp)
* "Wolves of Darkness" (Jack Williamson)
# Sohrevard Rural District

Sohrevard Rural District (Persian: دهستان سهرورد) is in the Central District of Khodabandeh County, Zanjan province, Iran. It is administered from the city of Sohrevard. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Karasf, now a city.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the rural district's population was 6,317 in 1,472 households. There were 803 inhabitants in 203 households at the following census of 2011. The 2016 census measured the population of the rural district as 382 in 108 households. The most populous of its six villages was Madabad, with 178 people.
# Jamal Akal

Jamal Akal (جمال عكل) was a Canadian citizen arrested by Israeli security forces in 2003, and accused of conspiring with Hamas leaders to target and assassinate an Israeli politician travelling to the United States.

## Life

Akal moved to Canada in 1999 and obtained Canadian citizenship. In 2003 he left Windsor, Ontario and returned to Palestine to look for a wife, and became acquainted with Mohammed Bashir Abut Matar, who urged him to avenge the death of his cousin at Israeli military hands.

## Arrest and sentencing

Akal was arrested November 1, 2003, several days after arriving in the Gaza strip. His lawyer Jamil al-Qatib complained that any information stemming from his 20-hour-a-day interrogations over a period of two weeks was useless.
Pleading guilty on November 24, he said that he had been counseled by Ahmed Wahabe to follow an unnamed Israeli politician touring the United States, and raise funds in North American mosques to purchase an M16 rifle with which to launch a sniper attack, killing the target. He also claimed that he had been told to attribute the attack to al-Qaeda, rather than Hamas; while Hamas denied any knowledge of Akal, stating that they limited all their actions to the Palestinian region.
Akal was sentenced to four years' imprisonment by the military court, and was released back to Canada in August 2007.
# Armstrong, Wisconsin

Armstrong is an unincorporated community located in the town of Osceola, Fond du Lac County, Wisconsin, United States. It was settled in 1851 and a post office was opened in 1862.
Famous people include Stanley Stanczyk, a weightlifter
# Five-stroke engine

The five-stroke engine is a compound internal combustion engine patented by Gerhard Schmitz in 2000.

## Concept

The goal of the five-stroke engine is to achieve higher efficiency than a four-stroke engine. In order to increase efficiency, a secondary cylinder is added as an expansion processor to extract more energy from the fuel. Schmitz's concept engine uses two primary "high pressure" cylinders with standard four-stroke power cycles, in addition to a larger secondary "low pressure" expansion cylinder. The hot exhaust gas from the two primary cylinders is fed into the secondary cylinder, halving the volume of gases in the primary cylinders after combustion.
This concept is similar to that of compound steam engines, which expand steam in high pressure cylinders before exhausting it into low-pressure cylinders in order to extract more energy from the steam. In 1879, Nicolaus Otto built a 5-stroke engine which was commercially produced, but suffered from poor performance. Two Spanish patents (ES0156621, F Jimeno-Cataneo, 1942; and ES0433850, C Ubierna-Laciana, 1975) describe 5-stroke engines identical to that of Schmitz's design, this engine had a fellowship to Burgundy University to be studied. J.W. Eisenhuth patented an 'air and gas engine' with double expansion (US640890, 1900). A car with this engine was in the Harrah Collection, though its fate after the collection was dismantled is unknown.
In Schmitz's design, the compression ratio of the low pressure expansion cylinder is adjustable to achieve an optimal expansion ratio, regardless of the primary cylinders' compression ratio. The prototype has demonstrated an approximately 10% decrease in fuel consumption over a standard gas engine.
The operation of a 5-stroke SI engine is as follows: 1 – Induction 2 – Compression 3 – Power 4 – Initial exhaust/re-expansion 5 – Final exhaust

## Prototype

Schmitz's concept was being developed by Ilmor. Ilmor's prototype, intended for motorcycle use and consisting of 2 primary cylinders and 1 secondary cylinder, uses a solid cylinder block with electrically driven oil and water pumps, two overhead camshafts with standard poppet valves, and turbocharging. Its displacement is 700 cc (43 cu in) without the secondary cylinder and 1,478 cc (90.2 cu in) in total, and it can produce 130 hp (97 kW) at 7,000 rpm and 166 N⋅m (122 lb⋅ft) at 5,000 rpm.
# Anwar Al-Abyar

Al-Anwar (Arabic: الأنوار) is a Libyan football club based in Al-Abyar which plays in the Libyan Premier League.
# Nālukettu

Nālukettu pronunciation is the traditional homestead of old Tharavadu where many generations of a Nair family lived. These types of buildings are typically found in the Indian state of Kerala. The traditional architecture is typically a rectangular structure where four halls are joined with a central courtyard, or Nadumuttam, open to the sky. The four halls on the sides are named Vadakkini (northern block), Padinjattini (western block), Kizhakkini (eastern block) and Thekkini (southern block). The architecture was especially catered to large families of the traditional tharavadu, to live under one roof and enjoy the commonly owned facilities of the marumakkathayam homestead.
Thachu Sastra, or the Science of Carpentry and Traditional Vasthu, was the governing science in this architectural form. This branch of knowledge was well developed in the traditional architecture of Kerala and has created its own branch of literature known under the names of Tantrasamuchaya, Vastuvidya, Manushyalaya-Chandrika, and Silparatna.
The layout of these homes is simple, and catered to the dwelling of the large number of people usually part of a tharavaadu. Ettukettu (eight halled with two central courtyards) or Pathinarukettu (sixteen halled with four central courtyards) are the more elaborate forms of the same architecture. Rarely, twelve-halled Pathrandukettu were constructed. with three courtyards, and there is a record of a 32-halled Muppathirandukettu being erected, although it was lost to a fire soon after construction. Every structure faces the sunlight, and in some well designed naalukettu, there is excellent ventilation. Temperatures, even in the heat of summer, are markedly lower within the naalukettu.
The nalukettu and ettukettu buildings must have been inspired from the ancient Chinese house architecture or the ancient Chinese construction is inspired from this outstanding architecture from Kerala as the Chinese kungfu has inspirations from Kalaripayattu, the Kerala's ancient martial arts. Kerala had a long and strong history of trade with China .
# Alison Kharsyntiew

Alison Kharsyntiew is an Indian former professional football player who is currently the assistant coach and academy head of Mohammedan.

## Coaching career

After having his playing career cut short due to injury, Kharsyntiew went into coaching at the age of 19. He started his coaching career with Shillong Lajong, serving as an academy coach, before being promoted to lead the club's reserves in the Shillong Premier League. He led the reserves to the Shillong Premier League title in 2014. Kharsyntiew also worked as an assistant with Shillong Lajong's first-team, serving as assistant for Bobby Nongbet during the 2017–18 season.

### Shillong Lajong: 2018–2020

Following the 2017–18 I-League season, Kharsyntiew was appointed as interim head coach of Shillong Lajong for the Super Cup, following the dismissal of Bobby Nongbet. His first game in charge was on 4 April 2018 against Indian Super League side, Pune City. Despite going down by two goals early in the match, Shillong Lajong came back to win the match 3–2.
Going into the 2018–19 season, Kharsyntiew was announced as the club's head coach. His first league match in charge was on 28 October 2018 against Aizawl. A brace from Naorem Mahesh Singh saw Shillong Lajong win 2–1.

### NorthEast United FC: 2020–2022

On 6th December 2020, Alison was appointed as the assistant head coach of NorthEast United for the 2020–21 ISL season. He joined the likes of Khalid Jamil in leading Northeast United to third place finish in the league.

### Mohammedan SC: 2023–present

Alison Kharsyntiew has transitioned from the role of Head Coach for the Mohammedan Sporting Club Reserve team to the position of Assistant Coach for the main team. With a background in coaching, Kharsyntiew brings valuable experience to the club, contributing to both the development of emerging talents in the reserve team and the strategic planning for the senior squad. His dual roles showcase his dedication to fostering talent within the club and his ability to contribute to the success of Mohammedan Sporting Club across different levels of competition.

## Statistics
### Managerial statistics

    As of 3 November 2018.
| Team | From | To | Record | Record | Record | Record | Record |
| G | W | D | L | Win % |
| Shillong Lajong | April 2018 | 2020 | 14 | 2 | 1 | 11 | 014.29 |
| Total | Total | Total | 14 | 2 | 1 | 11 | 014.29 |
# American Association of Colleges for Teacher Education

AACTE (American Association of Colleges for Teacher Education) is a nonprofit national association of educator preparation programs, including universities and community colleges, dedicated to professional development of Pre-K-12 teachers and school leaders.
AACTE has over 500 member institutions, which are both public and private colleges and universities across the United States.
AACTE’s member institutions and programs prepare the greatest number of professional educators in the United States and its territories, including teachers, counselors, administrators, and college faculty.
# Pejavara

Pejavara or Pejawara is a village located in the Mangalore taluk of Dakshina Kannada, formerly known as South Canara or South Kanara, district of Karnataka, India. It houses one of the eight ashta mathas established by Madhvacharya, the great Tattvavāda philosopher. It also houses a branch of the Krishnapura matha known as Mudai or Moodai Matha, another of the Ashta Mathas of Udupi founded by Dvaita philosopher Shri Madhvacharya. The region is known as Tulunadu/Tulunad. Pejavara is very close to the Thokur railway station on the Mumbai-Mangalore Konkan railway route. Also Jokatte railway station is nearby.