OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Michael Bruce (MP)

Michael Bruce (1787–1861) was a British adventurer, who gained the nickname "Lavelette Bruce" for his part in smuggling Antoine Marie Chamans, comte de Lavalette out of France at the time of the Bourbon Restoration. He is now largely remembered as a lover of Lady Hester Stanhope. He was a Member of Parliament in 1830–1.

## Life

Born in Bombay where his father was a merchant, he was the son of Patrick Craufurd Bruce and his wife Jane Smith, and was educated at Eton College. He matriculated at St John's College, Cambridge in 1806. Later, in 1821, he was admitted to Lincoln's Inn, and was called to the bar in 1826.
Bruce did not complete a degree at Cambridge, after a year or so beginning to travel in Europe. It was during his voyages in the Mediterranean and Near East that he encountered Lady Hester Stanhope, on Malta in 1810. They lived together for three years, spent on trips that included Damascus and Palmyra. They parted in 1813.
Moving to Vienna and then Paris, Bruce took part in the successful plot to smuggle the Comte de Lavalette out of France: he was a supporter of Napoleon condemned by the Bourbons. When Bruce was put on trial for this offence in 1816, he received a sentence of three months. His reputation, however, was not badly sullied, and Lord Palmerston, a college friend, acted as his best man two years later.
Bruce then went in for Whig party politics, as a friend of John Cam Hobhouse, but hampered by the collapse of his father's bank in 1816. In the end the Marquess of Cleveland, who had in recent years moved from the Whigs to supporting the Tory ministry, found him the seat of Ilchester in 1830. His patron then switching to support for reform, Bruce made himself conspicuous for his reluctance to do the same. He was replaced by Cleveland for the 1831 general election, and left public life.
# Renault Vel Satis

The Renault Vel Satis is a five-passenger, five-door executive hatchback, manufactured and marketed by Renault from 2001-2009 over a single generation, sharing its platform with the Laguna II and Espace IV and manufactured on the same assembly line in Sandouville, France and noted for its unorthodox styling approach to the luxury segment. The Vel Satis, alongside the Vauxhall Signum, aimed to capture a new market segment.
Launched at the 2001 Geneva Motor Show to replace the already discontinued Safrane, the Vel Satis followed a 1998 Paris Motor Show concept.
As Renault's flagship model, it was the company's first car offered with adaptive cruise control, Renault reportedly spent €550 million developing the Vel Satis, predicting 50,000 sales across Europe in its first year. In total, over an eight year production, approximately 62,000 were manufactured.
The name Vel Satis is a portmanteau of Velocity and Satisfaction.

## Overview

The Vel Satis is noted for its height (13 cm higher than a Safrane), benefiting interior space, and remains in use by high-ranking French officials. It was the second ever car to receive a five star Euro NCAP safety crash test rating, after the Laguna II.
Engine availability included:
* 2.0 T 16 valve 4-cylinder
* 3.5 24 valve V6-cylinder
* 2.0 dCi 16 valve 4-cylinder
* 2.2 dCi 16 valve 4-cylinder
* 3.0 dCi 24 valve V6-cylinder
The Vel Satis received a minor facelift for the 2005 model year, featuring a revised front grille, rear apron, twin-flow exhaust system, and chrome-plated door handles. The interior featured revised fittings, fabrics and materials and revised radio and navigation systems. The 2.0-liter petrol engine received an increase in output to 125 kW.
In March 2005, Renault UK decided not to develop a RHD version of the facelifted Vel Satis, as sales of the model had been poor in the United Kingdom since launch. Although 3,500 sales were predicted, only a third of these were achieved. This came two years after Renault discontinued the Avantime coupé/MPV.
On August 27, 2009, Renault ended production of the Vel Satis — losing an estimated €18,710 per vehicle produced.

## Reception

Patrick Le Quément, Renault's design chief, said the Vel Satis was intended to have physical presence, to redefine the prestige car on French terms, and to target less conformist customers.
In September 2002, Car described the Vel Satis as "ugly and very French."
Reviews of the car were critical of its ride and handling but noted the car was quiet under most conditions. "The gearbox is prone to considerable hunting in its quest to deliver power, at which point engine noise intrudes more than anticipated, and the change itself is by no means the smoothest in the class." The ride quality was described as feeling "over tough at pottering speeds, but displays a tendency to disintegrate into chop and judder when confronted with anything other than the smoothest of surfaces."

## See Also

* Vauxhall Signum
* List of Renault vehicles
* Renault Mégane
* Renault Laguna
* Renault Espace
* Renault Avantime
# Coiscéim

Coiscéim (Irish pronunciation:; "Footstep") is a prolific Dublin-based Irish-language publisher founded by writer, historian and language activist Pádraig Ó Snodaigh in 1980. With over 1,500 titles Coiscéim have published the largest number of titles amongst the 26 other Irish language publishers.

## History

Well-known authors who have published with Coiscéim include Gabriel Rosenstock, Alan Titley, Michael Davitt, Michael Hartnett, Biddy Jenkinson, Tomás Mac Síomóin, Colm Breathnach, Tomás Ó Canainn, Joe Steve Ó Neachtain, Maidhc Dainín Ó Sé, Diarmuid Ó Gráinne, Derry O'Sullivan and Pádraig Ó Siadhail.
Micheál Ó Ruairc's Coiscéim-published poem "Na hÉin agus Naomh Caoimhín" won first prize in the 2009 Dún Laoghaire-Rathdown poetry festival.
Tomás Mac Síomóin's Coiscéim-published novel An Tionscadal won first prize at the Oireachtas na Gaeilge literary and cultural festival in 2006.
Paddy Bushe's Coiscéim-published book Gile na Gile won the Michael Hartnett Poetry Prize in 2006.
# Gene Lang (American football)

Gene Eric Lang (born March 15, 1962) is an American former professional football player who was a running back in the National Football League (NFL). He played seven seasons for the Denver Broncos and the Atlanta Falcons. He attended Louisiana State University, where he played college football for the LSU Tigers and earned All-SEC honors as a freshman. He had 20 total touchdowns in his professional career: 11 rushing and nine receiving. He is perhaps best known for his role in the 1986 AFC Championship Game as his great recovery of a kickoff set up what is known in NFL lore as “The Drive”. Lang lives in Denver, Colorado, and owns a mortgage lending business.

## NFL career statistics

Legend :
| Bold | Career high |

### Regular season

| Year | Team | Games | Games | Rushing | Rushing | Rushing | Rushing | Rushing | Receiving | Receiving | Receiving | Receiving | Receiving |
| Year | Team | GP | GS | Att | Yds | Avg | Lng | TD | Rec | Yds | Avg | Lng | TD |
| 1984 | DEN | 16 | 0 | 8 | 42 | 5.3 | 15 | 2 | 4 | 24 | 6.0 | 9 | 1 |
| 1985 | DEN | 12 | 2 | 84 | 318 | 3.8 | 26 | 5 | 23 | 180 | 7.8 | 24 | 2 |
| 1986 | DEN | 15 | 2 | 29 | 94 | 3.2 | 14 | 1 | 13 | 105 | 8.1 | 26 | 2 |
| 1987 | DEN | 12 | 8 | 89 | 303 | 3.4 | 28 | 2 | 17 | 130 | 7.6 | 29 | 2 |
| 1988 | ATL | 16 | 3 | 53 | 191 | 3.6 | 19 | 0 | 37 | 398 | 10.8 | 50 | 1 |
| 1989 | ATL | 15 | 7 | 47 | 176 | 3.7 | 22 | 1 | 39 | 436 | 11.2 | 32 | 1 |
| 1990 | ATL | 3 | 0 | 9 | 24 | 2.7 | 9 | 0 | 1 | 7 | 7.0 | 7 | 0 |
| | | 89 | 22 | 319 | 1,148 | 3.6 | 28 | 11 | 134 | 1,280 | 9.6 | 50 | 9 |

### Playoffs

| Year | Team | Games | Games | Rushing | Rushing | Rushing | Rushing | Rushing | Receiving | Receiving | Receiving | Receiving | Receiving |
| Year | Team | GP | GS | Att | Yds | Avg | Lng | TD | Rec | Yds | Avg | Lng | TD |
| 1984 | DEN | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0 |
| 1986 | DEN | 3 | 0 | 16 | 55 | 3.4 | 14 | 0 | 3 | 6 | 2.0 | 4 | 0 |
| 1987 | DEN | 3 | 2 | 13 | 83 | 6.4 | 42 | 2 | 2 | 32 | 16.0 | 25 | 0 |
| | | 7 | 2 | 29 | 138 | 4.8 | 42 | 2 | 5 | 38 | 7.6 | 25 | 0 |
# Beach Cities Transit

Beach Cities Transit is an inter-municipal agency provides mass transportation for the Beach Cities of Redondo Beach, Hermosa Beach, and Manhattan Beach, as well as El Segundo. The two routes provide both local service and afford a variety of opportunities to connect with the rest of the Greater Los Angeles Transportation grid. The system began in 2005, taking over lower-ridership routes from Los Angeles Metro. In 2023, the system had a ridership of 255,500, or about 900 per weekday as of the third quarter of 2024.

## Routes
### Fixed-Route

| Route | Terminals | Terminals | Via | Notes |
| 102 | Hawthorne Redondo Beach station | Redondo Beach Redondo Beach Pier | Vail Av, Rindge Ln | This line was created when Los Angeles Metro Bus line 215 was shortened to Redondo Beach station. Serves South Bay Galleria and Redondo Beach Transit Center. This route is expected to be extended to Riviera Village in the near future. |
| 109 | Los Angeles LAX City Bus Center | Redondo Beach Palos Verdes Bl & Via Valencia | Catalina Av, Hermosa Av, Manhattan Av, Highland Av | This line was created when Los Angeles Metro Bus line 439 was shortened to Aviation/LAX station. This route is expected to be shortened to Redondo Beach Pier in the near future. To be redirected to the new LAX/Metro Transit Center in 2025. Serves Aviation/Century station, Aviation/Imperial station, Plaza El Segundo, and Manhattan Village Mall. |

## Bus fleet

| Make/Model | Fleet Numbers | Year |
| ENC E-Z Rider II BRT CNG 32' | 544–546 | 2015 |
| Ford E450 | 547–548 | 2019 |
| ENC E-Z Rider II BRT CNG 32' | 549 | 2022 |
| ENC Axess CNG 40' | 550 | 2003 |
| ENC E-Z Rider II BRT CNG 32' | 551–552 | 2022 |
| ENC E-Z Rider II BRT CNG 32' | 553–557 | 2023 |
# Reizo Koike

Reizo Koike (小池 禮三, Koike Reizō, December 12, 1915 – August 3, 1998) was a Japanese swimmer who specialized in the 200 m breaststroke. In this event he won a silver medal at the 1932 Olympics and a bronze medal at the 1936 Olympics, and set an unofficial world record in 100 m between these Olympics. During his career Koike won eight national titles.
After the end of World War II, Koike became a coach for the Japanese national Olympic swimming team and chairman of the Japan Swimming Federation. He was present in Barcelona during the 1992 Summer Olympics, when Kyoko Iwasaki won the gold medal. In 1990 Koike received the Olympic Order in Silver, and in 1996 was inducted into the International Swimming Hall of Fame. He died of lung cancer in 1998.
# Alhambra School District

Alhambra School District was a K-8 school district headquartered in the Scanlon Center in Alhambra, California, United States.

## History

In January 1886, the citizens of Alhambra withdrew from the San Gabriel School District and formed the Alhambra School District. During the spring semester, classes were held in the second floor of a livery stable on a corner of what today would be 300 South Chapel Avenue.
On June 12, 1886, the Alhambra School District purchased the land for its first school from John and Ellen Conner for the price of “...one thousand (1,000) dollars gold coin...”. Garfield School opened its doors to students, grades 1–9, on September 15, 1886, and the first commencement was held June 14, 1889, with five pupils receiving diplomas.
The need for schools grew with the population, and the communities approved bonds to provide these schools. This and continued through the completion of Monterey Highlands School in 1965.
In 1997 the district had overcrowding, and so it announced it wished to enact a bond program if voters approved such in a November 1998 referendum.
In 2004 it merged with the Alhambra High School District to form the Alhambra Unified School District.
# Arthur Lumley Davids

Arthur Lumley Davids (born Asher Lumle Davids; 28 August 1811 – 19 July 1832) was an English orientalist and linguist. He was born in Hampshire, the only child of Jewish parents Sarah Lumley and Jonki Davids.
He was sent to an Anglican school with the purpose of preparing him for an English university. From an early age he applied himself to the study of mechanics, music, and experimental philosophy. Described as a child prodigy, his intelligence was soon discovered. During his early education he once delivered a lecture on chemistry before the whole school. However, when Davids was 10 years of age his father died, and with his mother he relocated to London.
Davids committed himself to learning the oriental languages of Turkish, Hebrew, Arabic and Persian, along with the European languages of Greek, Latin, French, Italian and German. However he was particularly devoted to the Turkish language. Wishing to follow the legal profession, he entered the office of a solicitor but as a Jew, he was prevented from proceeding to the bar. This led him to become involved in the cause of the Civil Emancipation of the Jews, and he advocated his beliefs several times in the London Times. He took part in the formation of a Society for the Cultivation of Hebrew Literature, and in 1830, at one of the meetings, he presented a lecture on the Literature and Philosophy of the Jews. He was described as having principles of the "strictest probity and honour," having a mild and unassuming manner, and his "disposition candid and communicative".
Davids is best known for his work in his Grammar of the Turkish Language, published in 1832, and dedicated to Mahmud II, the Sultan of Turkey. It was the first book to cover the topic in Europe since 1709. In 1836 his mother prepared the French translation of his work. His book was used extensively in some of David Urquhart's work.
Davids fell ill early in the morning of 19 July 1832, and not wanting to alarm his mother, he did not call for assistance. He died the same day, a little more than a month before his 21st birthday, and only three weeks after his book was published. The cause of death was cholera. He is buried in Bury Street, London, and therefore probably belonged to the Bevis Marks Synagogue. His mother later remarried London architect Nathaniel Handford.
# Bemidji Area Schools

Bemidji Area Schools are the schools in Independent School District 31, serving the city of Bemidji in the State of Minnesota and other communities and rural areas near Bemidji. Students from the cities of Solway, Tenstrike, Becida, Turtle River, Wilton, Puposky and portions of Cass Lake attend this school district.
The school district is one of the largest in the state, in terms of land area.

## Early Education Centers

* Paul Bunyan Center

## Elementary schools

* Lincoln Elementary- K-3
* J.W. Smith Elementary- PK-3
* Solway Elementary- K-3
* Northern Elementary- K-3
* Horace May Elementary- K-3
* Gene Dillon Elementary- 4-5

## Middle school

* Bemidji Middle School, Grades 6-8

## High school

* Bemidji High School
* Lumberjack High School
# Barbara Maxwell (producer)

Barbara Maxwell (13 June 1943 – 3 January 2025) was a British television producer best known for her work on the BBC's political debate programme, Question Time. She was the founding producer of the show. Her career in television and broadcasting spanned several decades.

## Early life and education

Barbara Anne Maxwell was born in Gloucester to Brian Maxwell and Anne (née Robertson), both doctors. Raised in Norwich, she attended Norwich High School for Girls before moving to Millfield School in Somerset. After being expelled for mischief, she finished her education at Sherborne School in Dorset. She went on to study English literature at Queen's University Belfast, where she became interested in political activism.

## Career

Maxwell joined the BBC as a secretary in the mid-1960s. At first, she worked as a junior member of the production team, covering major events such as the 1968 US Democratic Convention. Her outspoken response to the police brutality and violence against anti-Vietnam War protesters caught the attention of senior BBC journalists, including Charles Wheeler, which led to her role as a current affairs producer for the corporation. She went on to produce several key programmes, including 24 Hours and Tonight, as well as The Frost Interview with David Frost in 1974.
In 1979, Maxwell was tasked with producing the first episode of Question Time. The show was intended to be a temporary programme, but became a permanent feature of BBC politics programming. While working as a producer for Question Time, she clashed with Robin Day, who complained about Maxwell's choice of panellists, particularly those who were not members of the political establishment. Day also objected to Maxwell's decision to always include at least one woman on the panel.
In 1990, she was moved to cover political conference coverage for the BBC, a position she held until her retirement in 1993. She was moved there by John Birt; this was seen as a slight against Maxwell, whose individual style conteasted with Birt's managerialism. She later berated her bosses as "Stalinist pygmies", and complained about the new style of Question Time, which she said "lost its danger and its sparkle".

## Personal life

Maxwell's family home was in Donegal, Ireland.
She enjoyed art, literature, theatre and politics, and was a passionate supporter of Norwich City Football Club. She also enjoyed wild swimming.
In 1971, Maxwell married Brian Ash, a BBC reporter and presenter who later became a barrister. They had three children.
Maxwell was diagnosed with Parkinson's disease in her later years and died from complications of the illness on 3 January 2025, at the age of 81.
# 1856 in Japan

Events in the year 1856 in Japan.

## Incumbents

* Monarch: Kōmei

## Events

* January 28 - The port of Shimoda is opened per Japan's first treaty of amity with Russia. (Traditional Japanese Date: Twenty-first Day of the Twelfth Month, 1855)
# Benson Unified School District

The Benson Unified School District is the school district for the town of Benson, Arizona. It operates San Pedro Valley (alternative) and Benson high schools; a middle school; and a primary school.
# Madame Tussauds Vienna

Madame Tussauds Vienna is a wax museum and tourist attraction located at the famous amusement park Wiener Prater in Vienna, Austria. It was founded by Marie Tussaud and is the twelfth location for the Tussauds franchise. It officially opened on 1 April 2011 by the former Austrian president Heinz Fischer. So far, it features more than 90 figures on three floors. Madame Tussauds is now owned and operated by the United Kingdom-based entertainment company Merlin Entertainments.

## Wax figures
### Sections

Madame Tussauds Vienna currently consists of more than 90 wax figures. These are divided into the following sections (some of the notable figures are listed):
* History section: Marie Tussaud, Maria Theresia, Marie Antoinette, Napoleon, Leopold Figl, Anne Frank - among others
* Politicians and Visionaries section: Angela Merkel, Barack Obama, Queen Elizabeth II, Dalai Lama, Mahatma Gandhi, Heinz Fischer - among others
* Arts and Culture section: Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Ludwig van Beethoven, Luciano Pavarotti, Gustav Klimt, Albert Einstein, Friedensreich Hundertwasser, Sigmund Freud, Gottfried Helnwein - among others
* Sports section: Hermann Maier, Franz Klammer (portrayed as former young skiing athlete), Hans Krankl and Herbert Prohaska (both portrayed as former young soccer players), Stefan Kraft, David Alaba, Dominic Thiem - among others
* Music section: Katy Perry, CRO, Ariana Grande, Taylor Swift, Pharrell Williams, Ed Sheeran, One Direction, Andreas Gabalier, Freddie Mercury, Falco, Udo Jürgens, Michael Jackson, Hansi Hinterseer, Demi Lovato, Elvis Presley - among others
* Film section: Marilyn Monroe, Alfred Hitchcock, Daniel Craig as James Bond, Julie Andrews as Maria von Trapp of The Sound of Music, Marlene Dietrich, Quentin Tarantino, Brad Pitt, Romy Schneider - among others
* Hollywood Room/Party section: Benedict Cumberbatch, Justin Bieber, Emma Watson, Lady Gaga, Johnny Depp, Chris Hemsworth, Zendaya, Rihanna, Sandra Bullock, Conchita Wurst, Kate Winslet, Beyoncé, Robert Pattinson, Morgan Freeman, Angelina Jolie, Will Smith, George Clooney - among others
* Sisi Uncovered Experience section: Sisi, Franz Joseph I
# George Kinek

George Kinek (January 13, 1929 – January 21, 1995) was an American football end.

## Early life and education

Kinek was born in Palmerton, Pennsylvania. He attended Allentown Central Catholic High School in Allentown, Pennsylvania and college at Tulane University in New Orleans.

## Career

He played for the Chicago Cardinals in 1954.

## Death

He died on January 21, 1995, in Salisbury Township, Pennsylvania, at age 67.
# Five-storied stone pagoda of Jeongnimsa

The Five-story Stone Pagoda at Jeongnimsa Temple Site, Buyeo (Korean: 부여 정림사지 오층석탑; Hanja: 扶餘定林寺址五層石塔) is a Baekje-era five-story pagoda. It is currently located at the remains of the temple Jeongnimsa in Buyeo County, South Chungcheong Province, South Korea.

## Description

On the first floor of this stone pagoda, it is referred to as the Pyeongsung Tower of Baekje. Recently, a tile engraved with the temple name Jungrimsa was found at this temple site and the site was named Jeongnimsa Temple Site.
Each pedestal is fixed by a pillar stone. Each corner of the pagoda body in each story holds a pillar stone using the beheullim technique, where a pillar's upper and lower extremities are narrow while its middle is convex. Thin and wide roof stones covering the edges of the eaves display what is described as "lofty elegance."
It is valued in that it shows refined and creative figures as well as the typical form of a wooden building like a thin pedestal, with pillars exhibiting the beheullim technique and thin and wide roof stones. The pagoda is also highly valued as one of the two last remaining stone pagodas from the Baekje Era.
The surface of the stone pagoda is engraved with Chinese characters celebrating the victory of the Tang dynasty over Baekje in 660, indicating the symbolic importance of its location for Baekje. It was carved into the pagoda itself by the commanding Tang general who defeated Baekje once and for all during the Baekje–Tang War. The Tang dynasty and Silla kingdom joined forces to destroy Baekje.
| Classification | National Treasures 9 (South Korea) |
| Kind of Cultural Properties | Stone Pagoda |
| Address | 379, Dongnam-ri, Buyeo-eup, Buyeo-gun, Chungcheongnam-do |
| Age | Late Baekje Period |