OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Lipkovo crisis

The Lipkovo crisis (Macedonian: Липковска криза, Albanian: Kriza e Likovës) was a crisis involving Macedonian security forces and Albanian insurgents from the National Liberation Army (NLA). During the crisis, the NLA captured the Lipkovo dam, which caused a 12-day-long water crisis for the neighboring town of Kumanovo. On 18 June 2001, the NLA agreed to let the International Red Cross and the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) restart the water supply systems. Macedonian military operations were halted to allow inspectors to access and repair the pumps.

## Crisis

Fighting around Lipkovo began on March 28, 2001, with loud explosions that could be heard from the vicinity of the village. The conflict centered primarily around the strategically important reservoir in the area. On May 3, 2001, the NLA infiltrated the village of Lipkovo as well as neighboring villages, triggering a Macedonian bombardment of the villages. The offensive was later halted after NATO and EU officials condemned the bombardment, citing concerns that the NLA was using civilians as human shields. At least three ethnic Albanian citizens were killed. Nevertheless, heavy fighting escalated when the NLA launched an attack on Macedonian forces defending the Lipkovo Dam, resulting in the NLA gaining control of the dam. This NLA takeover of the reservoir which supplied water to over 100,000 inhabitants of Kumanovo, prompted an immediate Macedonian response. On June 11, an offensive was launched with the aim of retaking the dam. However, Macedonian forces announced later that same day that they had ceased all operations in the Lipkovo region to allow international officials to inspect the water pumps. On June 18th, after a period of five days marked by negotiations and discussions, the NLA militants permitted a convoy led by OSCE representatives, which included expert teams from a water supply company, to enter the village. The potential disaster that posed a threat to over 100,000 Kumanovo citizens who had been without water supply for 12 days was effectively over, thus ending the crisis. However, the village would remain under the control of NLA until the end of the conflict in Macedonia. On December 19, 2001, Macedonian police reestablished control after re-entering the village.
# 2024 Hungarian presidential election

An early indirect presidential election was held in Hungary on 26 February 2024, following the resignation of Katalin Novák. Tamás Sulyok was elected with two-third majority.

## Background

On 10 February 2024 President Katalin Novák announced her resignation (effective upon approval by Parliament) over the controversial pardon of a vice principal of a foster home in Bicske, who tried to cover up the principal's crimes when the latter was charged for child molestation. The vice principal's pardon became known to the public on 2 February 2024, after which protests demanding Novák's resignation took place.
The opposition alliance United for Hungary called for the direct election of the President of the Republic in their manifesto for the 2022 parliamentary election, which would require amending or replacing the current constitution. On 25 February, opposition parties held a rally in Budapest calling for direct presidential elections.
On 26 February the National Assembly formally accepted Novák's resignation, leading to the termination of her mandate.

## Electoral system

Under the current Constitution of Hungary adopted by the Fidesz–KDNP government coalition in 2011, the President of the Republic is elected via secret ballot by the National Assembly, no sooner than sixty but no later than thirty days before expiry of the mandate (five years) of the previous office-holder, or if their mandate terminated prematurely, within thirty days of the termination. The constitution authorizes the Speaker of the National Assembly to set the date for the election.
A presidential candidate needs the written nomination of at least one-fifth of the Members of Parliament (thus 40 MPs), who may not nominate more than one candidate. In the first round of the election, a two-thirds majority of all incumbent MPs is required to elect the president. If this condition is not fulfilled, a second round is held between the two candidates who received the highest and second highest numbers of votes in the first round. (Since 1990, there have been no more than two candidates in any presidential election.) A simple majority of the voting MPs is then sufficient. If only one candidate is nominated, the assembly votes on whether to confirm or reject their election to the presidency, with each MP being allowed to vote either for or against, but not to cast their vote for an alternative candidate.

## Results

Hungarian presidential election, 2024 :
| Candidate | Nominating Party | Votes | % |
| In favor of Tamás Sulyok | Independent | 134 | 67.67% |
| Against Sulyok | – | 5 | 2.53% |
| Didn't vote | Didn't vote | 52 | 26.26% |
| Blank and invalid votes | Blank and invalid votes | 7 | 3.54% |
| Total votes | Total votes | 146 | 73.74% |
| Total seats | Total seats | 198 | 100% |
# List of MYX Number-One Music Videos 2014

MYX is the only music channel in the Philippines that shows different music videos, domestically and internationally. Every week, its MYX Hit Chart presents the Top 20 favorite music videos voted by People's choice. In 2014, Taylor Swift's "Shake It Off" spent the longest week for any music video with a total of 10 weeks and later became the chart's year-end special Top 1. The year is also lucky for Western boy bands such as One Direction, 5 Seconds of Summer and The Vamps as their released music videos were all chart-toppers. Philippine acts including Sarah Geronimo, Gloc-9, Kyla, and more also dominated the chart with most weeks.

## Chart History

| Key | † | Indicates "MYX 2014 Best Music Video" |
| Issue date | Music Video | Artist(s) |
| January 5 | "Tayo" | Sarah Geronimo |
| January 12 | "Tayo" | Sarah Geronimo |
| January 19 | "Tayo" | Sarah Geronimo |
| January 26 | "Tayo" | Sarah Geronimo |
| February 2 | "Tayo" | Sarah Geronimo |
| February 9 | "Midnight Memories" | One Direction |
| February 16 | "Midnight Memories" | One Direction |
| February 23 | "Midnight Memories" | One Direction |
| March 2 | "Dark Horse" | Katy Perry (featuring Juicy J) |
| March 9 | "Dark Horse" | Katy Perry (featuring Juicy J) |
| March 16 | "Dark Horse" | Katy Perry (featuring Juicy J) |
| March 23 | "Come Back Home" | 2NE1 |
| March 30 | "Mr.Mr." | Girls' Generation |
| April 6 | "Come Back Home" | 2NE1 |
| April 13 | "Come Back Home" | 2NE1 |
| April 20 | "Come Back Home" | 2NE1 |
| April 27 | "Skool Luv Affiar" | BTS |
| May 4 | "You & I" | One Direction |
| May 11 | "You & I" | One Direction |
| May 18 | "You & I" | One Direction |
| May 25 | "Overdose" | Exo |
| June 1 | "Overdose" | Exo |
| June 8 | "Overdose" | Exo |
| June 15 | "Overdose" | Exo |
| June 22 | "Overdose" | Exo |
| June 29 | "Don't Stop | 5 Seconds of Summer |
| July 6 | "Somebody to You" | The Vamps (featuring Demi Lovato) |
| July 13 | "Somebody to You" | The Vamps (featuring Demi Lovato) |
| July 20 | "Somebody to You" | The Vamps (featuring Demi Lovato) |
| July 27 | "Kunwa-Kunwari Lang" | Kyla |
| August 3 | "+63" | Sponge Cola (featuring Yeng Constantino) |
| August 10 | "This Love Is Like" | Toni Gonzaga |
| August 17 | "Amnesia" | 5 Seconds of Summer |
| August 24 | "Amnesia" | 5 Seconds of Summer |
| August 31 | "Overdose"† | Exo |
| September 7 | "Overdose"† | Exo |
| September 14 | "Overdose"† | Exo |
| September 21 | "Overdose"† | Exo |
| September 28 | "Overdose"† | Exo |
| October 5 | "Overdose"† | Exo |
| October 12 | "Overdose"† | Exo |
| October 19 | "Overdose"† | Exo |
| October 26 | "Overdose"† | Exo |
| November 2 | "Overdose"† | Exo |
| November 9 | "Shake It Off" | Taylor Swift |
| November 16 | "Shake It Off" | Taylor Swift |
| November 23 | "Shake It Off" | Taylor Swift |
| November 30 | "Shake It Off" | Taylor Swift |
| December 7 | "Night Changes" | One Direction |
| December 14 | "Night Changes" | One Direction |
| December 21 | "Night Changes" | One Direction |
# Adversarial purchasing

An adversarial relationship in purchasing and supply arises when identical or equivalent good or services are available from competing suppliers and buyers/sellers are trying to gain an advantage over each other. Low levels of trust are characteristic of adversarial relationships.
Adversarial purchasing is a form of strategic management designed to take advantage of competition for a buyer's business in business-to-business relationships while simultaneously lowering the firm's dependence on a single supplier. Successful implementation of this strategy can lower the firm's prices and raise the service and attention gained from its suppliers.
# Bangers and mash

Bangers and mash or sausages and mash is a traditional British dish consisting of sausages and mashed potato. The dish is usually served with onion gravy, but may also include fried onions and peas.
This dish, even when cooked at home, may be thought of as an example of pub grub, meaning it is relatively quick and easy to make in large quantities.
In 2009, the dish was listed as Britain's most popular comfort food in a survey commissioned by TV channel Good Food.

## Etymology

Although it is sometimes stated that the term banger has its origins in World War II, it is recorded in use at least as far back as 1919. The term is said to have originated from the fact that sausages produced during the meat rationing of World War I were made with such a high water content that they were liable to explode when cooked.
# Baqsï

A baqsï is a singer of epic poetry in the Kipchak languages and cultures of Central Asia, in such countries as Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, and Karakalpakstan. In the latter culture two such kinds of singers of dastan ("tale, narrative") are distinguished: the baqsï sings lyrical epics containing stories about love and adventure (which Karl Reichl compares to medieval Western romance), accompanied by the dutar; zhyrau sing heroic epics, accompanied by the kobyz. The baqsï can be accompanied by a second musician, who plays the ghijak.
The name itself indicates a connection to an earlier shamanism, since the term in Kazakh still denotes "faith healer", rather than "singer" as it does in other Turkic languages.
# Jane Ritchie

Jane Ritchie OBE (née Beaglehole; 12 February 1936 – 21 April 2023) was a New Zealand psychology academic and expert of child-raising. She was an emeritus professor at the University of Waikato. She was the first woman to graduate with a PhD in psychology from a New Zealand university.

## Biography

Ritchie was born on 12 February 1936 in Honolulu as Jane Beaglehole, the daughter of psychologist and ethnologist Ernest Beaglehole. The family lived in New Zealand from 1937. She received her education at Karori School and Wellington Girls' College. She then studied at Victoria University and obtained a Bachelor of Arts in 1956, a Master of Arts in 1957, and a PhD in 1963. Her 1957 master thesis was titled Childhood in Rakau: A Study of the First Five Years of Life and the PhD, submitted in 1962, had the title Maori Families: an Exploratory Study in Wellington City. While at Victoria, she met and married James Ritchie, and the two collaborated on almost all their future research, just as her parents had done.
They both moved to the University of Waikato, and both rose to full professor. She was a postdoctoral research fellow from 1973 to 1975, a lecturer from 1976 to 1979 and a senior lecturer from 1980 to 1984. She was promoted to associate professor in 1985, and in 1995 was appointed a professor.
James Ritchie died in 2009 and Jane retired in 2010. Two younger brothers have achieved notability. David Beaglehole (1938–2014) was a physicist at Victoria University. Robert Beaglehole (born 1945) is an emeritus professor in epidemiology at the University of Auckland. Jane Ritchie died on April 21, 2023, at the age of 87.

## Awards and honours

In the 1989 New Year Honours, Ritchie was appointed an Officer of the Order of the British Empire, for services to women, education and the community. In 2017, she was selected as one of the Royal Society of New Zealand's "150 women in 150 words".

## Selected works

* Ritchie, Jane. Childhood in Rakau: the first five years of life. No. 10. Victoria Univ., 1957.
* Ritchie, Jane, and James E. Ritchie. Child rearing patterns in New Zealand. AH & AW Reed, 1970.
* Ritchie, Jane. Chance to be equal. Cape Catley, 1978
* Ritchie, Jane, and James E. Ritchie. Spare the Rod, Allen and Unwin, 1981
* Ritchie, Jane, and James E. Ritchie. Violence in New Zealand. Huia Publishers, 1993.
* Ritchie, Jane, and James E. Ritchie. The next generation: Child rearing in New Zealand. Penguin Books, 1997.
# Rick & Janis Carnes

Rick & Janis Carnes are an American husband-and-wife singer-songwriter duo consisting of Rick Carnes (born June 30, 1950, in Fayetteville, Arkansas) and Janis Carnes (born May 21, 1947, in Shelbyville, Tennessee).

## History

They were married in 1973 before moving to Nashville, Tennessee in 1978. Janis was signed to RCA Records in 1980 as a solo artist before her and Rick signed with Elektra Records in 1982. They later signed with Warner Bros. Records and had a minor hit with "Does He Ever Mention My Name", which peaked at No. 32.
After being dropped from Warner, they were signed to MCA Records but were later dropped. The couple have since continued working as songwriters, and their songs have been recorded by artists including J.C. Jones, Reba McEntire, Steve Wariner and Garth Brooks.

## Discography
### Singles

| Year | Single | Peak positions |
| Year | Single | US Country |
| 1982 | "Have You Heard" | 67 |
| 1983 | "Poor Girl" | 51 |
| 1983 | "Does He Ever Mention My Name" | 32 |
| 1984 | "Long Lost Causes" | 74 |
# Kalopanax

Kalopanax septemlobus, common names castor aralia, tree aralia, and prickly castor oil tree, is a deciduous tree in the family Araliaceae, the sole species in the genus Kalopanax. It is native to northeastern Asia, from Sakhalin and Japan west to southwestern China. It is called cìqiū (刺楸) in Chinese, eumnamu (음나무) in Korean, and harigiri (ハリギリ; 針桐) in Japanese.

## Description

The tree grows to 30 metres (98 ft) tall, with a trunk up to 1–1.5 metres (3.3–4.9 ft) diameter. The stems are often spiny, with stout spines up to 1 centimetre (0.39 in) long. The leaves are alternate, in appearance similar to a large Fatsia or Liquidambar (sweetgum) leaf, 15–35 centimetres (5.9–13.8 in) across, palmately lobed with five or seven lobes, each lobe with a finely toothed margin.
The leaf lobes vary greatly in shape, from shallow lobes to cut nearly to the leaf base. Trees with deeply lobed leaves were formerly distinguished as K. septemlobus var. maximowiczii, but the variation is continuous and not correlated with geography, so it is no longer regarded as distinct.
The flowers are produced in late summer in large umbels 20–50 centimetres (7.9–19.7 in) across at the apex of a stem, each flower with 4–5 small white petals. The fruit is a small black drupe containing two seeds.

## Cultivation and spread

The tree is cultivated as an ornamental tree for the "tropical" appearance of its large palmate leaves in Europe and North America; despite its tropical looks, it is very hardy, tolerating temperatures down to at least −40 °C (−40 °F). The plant grows very quickly at first, however slowing in growth rate when reaching around 40 years old.
The tree has been found growing wild in several US states, including New Hampshire, Connecticut, and Maryland. It is viewed with concern by the US National Park Service and the Maryland Department of Natural Resources.

## Culinary use

In Korea, young shoots, called eumnamu-sun, are often eaten as sukhoe (blanched dish).
* Eumnamu-sun-sukhoe (blanched tree aralia shoots) served with vinegar-gochujang mixture as dipping sauce
# Sky High (song)

"Sky High" is a song by British band Jigsaw. It was released as a single in 1975 and was the main title theme to the film The Man from Hong Kong. The song was a worldwide hit in the latter part of 1975, reaching No. 3 on the Billboard Hot 100 and No. 4 on the Adult Contemporary chart in the United States. It was composed by Clive Scott and Des Dyer of Jigsaw. The orchestral arrangement was by Richard Hewson. It was also a top 10 hit on the UK Singles Chart. The 1975 Australian single was released under the name "British Jigsaw" due to an established and popular local band there at the time also called "Jigsaw".
Two years later, the song gained more striking commercial success in Japan, peaking at No. 2 on the Oricon singles chart and selling approximately 570,000 copies. ZYX Records released an extended 12" version in 1987. A remixed version of the original Jigsaw cut by PWL remixer Pete Hammond was a minor dance hit in the US in the spring of 1989. In a nod to the original 7" single release, "Brand New Love Affair" was also remixed and put on the B-side, but managed to reach No. 66 on the Billboard Hot 100 the following year. The song has been popular in Mexico because of the song's affiliation with Mil Máscaras, a popular luchador enmascarado (masked professional wrestler) who used the song for his entrances.

## Personnel

* Des Dyer - drums, lead vocals
* Clive Scott - keyboards
* Richard Anthony Hewson - arrangements

## Newton version

British dance act Newton covered "Sky High" and released it as his debut single on 14 November 1994 featuring Jigsaw's Des Dyer on vocals and in the video. Their version, produced by Mike Stock and Matt Aitken, became a hit, reaching number eight on the Australian Singles Chart and the top 40 in Belgium.

### Charts

| Weekly chart (1995) | Peak position |
| Australia (ARIA) | 8 |
| Belgium Ultratop Singles Chart | 40 |
| UK Singles Chart | 56 |
# G. H. Smit

G. H. Smit (born 3 February 1976) is a professional cricketer who plays for Guernsey. He played in the 2016 ICC World Cricket League Division Five tournament.
# Rasbora laticlavia

Rasbora laticlavia is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish in the family Danionidae. It is endemic to Kalimantan (Borneo, Indonesia).
Rasbora laticlavia can grow to 11.2 cm (4.4 in) standard length.
# Asterius (mythology)

In Greek mythology, Asterion /əˈstɪəriən/ (Greek: Ἀστερίων, gen.: Ἀστερίωνος, literally "starry") or Asterius /əˈstɪəriəs/ (Ἀστέριος) may refer to the following figures:
* Asterion, one of the river gods.
* Asterius, one of the Giants.
* Asterion, an attendant of the starry-god Astraeus.
* Asterius, husband of Amphictyone, daughter of Phthius, and father of Dotius (Dotis), one of the possible eponyms of Dotion (Dotium) in Thessaly. According to Fowler, he was perhaps a son of a nymph and a river-god, otherwise unknown.
* Asterion or Asterius, king of Crete.
* Asterion or Asterius, name of the Minotaur.
* Asterion, son of Zeus and Idaea, a daughter of Minos.
* Asterius, son of Minos and Androgenia, a girl from the Cretan city of Phaistos. He was the commander of Cretans who joined the god Dionysus in his Indian War. Asterius never returned to his homeland but instead settled among the Colchians and named them Asterians. There Asterius fathered Miletus, Caunus, and Byblis.
* Asterius, a king of Anactoria (Miletus) and son of Anax, son of Gaia. He was a slain by the hero Miletus who named after himself the newly conquered lands. According to Pausanias, an island named after him was thought to be a burial of him that existed near the city of Milesians.
* Asterius, according to Hyginus one of the Sons of Aegyptus, who married Cleo, daughter of Danaus.
* Asterius, a prince of Pylos and son of King Neleus by Chloris, daughter of King Amphion of Orchomenus. He was the brother to Pero, Asterius, Pylaon, Deimachus, Eurybius, Epilaus, Evagoras, Phrasius, Eurymenes, Alastor, Nestor and Periclymenus. Asterius was slain along with his brothers, except Nestor, by Heracles when the hero took revenge on Neleus when the latter refused to cleanse Heracles of his blood-debt.
* Asterion or Asterius, an Argonaut from Peirasia in Thessaly. He was the son of Cometes and Antigona, daughter of King Pheres of Pherae.
* Asterius or Asterion, an Argonaut from the Achaean city of Pellene. He was the son of Hyperasius, son of Pelles, son of Phorbas. In two separate accounts, Asterius and his brother Amphion were called the children of Hypso while Hippasus was said to be their father.
# Ebrahim Al-Zofairi

Ebrahim Remaid Al-Zofairi (Arabic: ابراهيم الظفيري; born 8 May 1989) is a Kuwaiti middle-distance runner who competed primarily in the 800 metres. He won a gold medal at the 2017 Asian Championships.

## International competitions

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Event | Notes |
| Representing Kuwait ||||||
| 2012 | West Asian Championships | Dubai, United Arab Emirates | 2nd | 800 m | 1:52.06 |
| 2013 | Arab Championships | Doha, Qatar | 5th | 800 m | 1:48.99 |
| 2013 | Islamic Solidarity Games | Palembang, Indonesia | 11th (h) | 800 m | 1:53.05 |
| 2014 | Asian Indoor Championships | Hangzhou, China | 2nd | 800 m | 1:50.86 |
| 2015 | Asian Championships | Wuhan, China | 13th (h) | 800 m | 1:55.79 |
| 2017 | Asian Championships | Bhubaneswar, India | 1st | 800 m | 1:49.47 |
| 2017 | World Championships | London, United Kingdom | 18th (sf) | 800 m | 1:46.68 |
| 2018 | Asian Indoor Championships | Tehran, Iran | 3rd | 800 m | 1:52.97 |
| 2018 | West Asian Championships | Amman, Jordan | 2nd | 800 m | 1:50.75 |
| 2019 | Arab Championships | Cairo, Egypt | 4th | 800 m | 1:51.42 |
| 2019 | Asian Championships | Doha, Qatar | 2nd | 800 m | 1:46.88 |
| 2019 | Asian Championships | Doha, Qatar | – | 1500 m | DNF |
| 2021 | Arab Championships | Radès, Tunisia | 4th | 800 m | 1:47.34 |
| 2022 | GCC Games | Kuwait City, Kuwait | 3rd | 800 m | 1:49.91 |
| 2022 | Islamic Solidarity Games | Konya, Turkey | 5th | 800 m | 1:48:69 |
| 2023 | Asian Indoor Championships | Astana, Kazakhstan | 1st | 800 m | 1:49.33 |
| 2023 | Arab Championships | Marrakesh, Morocco | 4th | 800 m | 1:49.11 |
| 2023 | Asian Championships | Bangkok, Thailand | 3rd | 800 m | 1:46.11 |
| 2023 | World Championships | Budapest, Hungary | 48th (h) | 800 m | 1:48.41 |
| 2023 | Asian Games | Hangzhou, China | 6th | 800 m | 1:49.05 |
| 2024 | Asian Indoor Championships | Tehran, Iran | 1st | 800 m | 1:46.80 |

## Personal bests

Outdoor
* 400 metres – 47.68 (Doha 2014)
* 800 metres – 1:46.29 (London 2017)
Indoor
* 800 metres – 1:50.86 (Hangzhou 2014)