# La Ciotat

La Ciotat (French:; Provençal Occitan: La Ciutat; in Mistralian spelling La Ciéutat; 'the City') is a commune in the Bouches-du-Rhône department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region in Southern France. It is the southeasternmost commune of the Aix-Marseille-Provence Metropolis. La Ciotat is located at about 25 km (15.5 mi) to the east of Marseille, at an equal distance from Toulon.

## History

The name La Ciutat, meaning 'the City' in Occitan (Provençal) and Catalan, became prominent in the 15th century. In 1429, La Ciotat was granted a charter recognizing it as an independent commune. Over the next century, it became a refuge for Genoese aristocrats escaping the conflicts between France and Spain in their homeland. These immigrants likely played a key role in establishing a shipyard, which specialized in constructing vessels to export local products such as olive oil, wine, wheat, and soap. In return, these ships brought back luxury goods—including spices, silks, carpets, perfumes, and porcelain—to satisfy the growing demands of the town’s increasingly prosperous residents.
Later, La Ciotat was the setting of one of the first projected motion pictures, L'Arrivée d'un train en gare de La Ciotat filmed by the Lumière brothers in 1895. According to the Institut Lumière, before its Paris premiere, the film was shown to invited audiences in several French cities, including La Ciotat.
Another three of the earliest Lumière films, Partie de cartes, L'Arroseur arrosé (the first known filmed comedy), and Repas de bébé, were also filmed in La Ciotat in 1895, at the Villa du Clos des Plages, the summer residence of the Lumière Brothers. In 1904 the Lumiere Brothers also developed their first colour photographs in La Ciotat.
In 1907 Jules Le Noir invented the game of pétanque in La Ciotat, and the first tournament was held there in 1910. The history of the game is documented in the Musée Ciotaden.

## Demographics

| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
| 1793 | 6,160 | — |
| 1800 | 6,117 | −0.10% |
| 1806 | 5,274 | −2.44% |
| 1821 | 5,237 | −0.05% |
| 1831 | 5,427 | +0.36% |
| 1836 | 5,382 | −0.17% |
| 1841 | 5,902 | +1.86% |
| 1846 | 5,429 | −1.66% |
| 1851 | 5,196 | −0.87% |
| 1856 | 7,674 | +8.11% |
| 1861 | 8,444 | +1.93% |
| 1866 | 10,017 | +3.48% |
| 1872 | 9,867 | −0.25% |
| 1876 | 10,058 | +0.48% |
| 1881 | 9,702 | −0.72% |
| 1886 | 10,689 | +1.96% |
| 1891 | 12,223 | +2.72% |
| 1896 | 12,734 | +0.82% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
| 1901 | 11,622 | −1.81% |
| 1906 | 12,370 | +1.26% |
| 1911 | 9,975 | −4.21% |
| 1921 | 10,690 | +0.69% |
| 1926 | 11,877 | +2.13% |
| 1931 | 12,425 | +0.91% |
| 1936 | 13,428 | +1.56% |
| 1946 | 13,410 | −0.01% |
| 1954 | 15,159 | +1.54% |
| 1962 | 18,827 | +2.75% |
| 1968 | 23,916 | +4.07% |
| 1975 | 32,721 | +4.58% |
| 1982 | 31,727 | −0.44% |
| 1990 | 30,620 | −0.44% |
| 1999 | 31,630 | +0.36% |
| 2009 | 33,812 | +0.67% |
| 2014 | 35,631 | +1.05% |
| 2020 | 36,441 | +0.38% |
Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. Updates on reimplementing the Graph extension, which will be known as the Chart extension, can be found on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org. :
Source: EHESS and INSEE (1968-2020) :

## Commerce

La Ciotat has a large number of offices uptown. These offices are a major source of employment and income for the local people through the transport, catering and other services they require. Also, business travelers to La Ciotat drive the local hotel business, which otherwise depends mainly on the tourism season.
The centre has shopping malls along with branches of Carrefour and McDonald's. Route 10 passes through the city centre on its way downtown from La Ciotat station.

## Transport

The primary mode of transport into La Ciotat is the train station. The SNCF train service between Marseille and Toulon stops at La Ciotat.
Most parts of La Ciotat are covered by its public transport bus service. The train station is serviced by route no. 10, 21 and 40 which all go to the La Ciotat downtown station by different routes.

## Route des Crêtes

Cap Canaille 394 metres (1,293 feet), between La Ciotat and Cassis, is one of the highest maritime bluffs in Europe. The route des crêtes is a coastal road between the two towns that passes over this cliff.

## Beach

La Ciotat has an artificial sand beach because of its rocky location. The beach is located downtown and is at walking distance from local market, the ship yards and the main bus station. The beach faces the Alps mountain regions on one side and the uphill commercial area on the other side. Most hotels, restaurants and bars in La Ciotat are located on the same street.

## Sport

La Ciotat has a football club, ES La Ciotat, which plays at the Stade Jean Bouissou.
The game of pétanque was invented in La Ciotat in 1907.

## Miscellaneous

The municipal park of La Ciotat, the Parc du Mugel, located on the Anse deu Petit Mugel, is classified as one of the Remarkable Gardens of France by the Ministry of Culture. Sheltered by the massive rock called "Le Bec D'Aigle" (the eagle's beak), 155 meters high, it contains both a botanical garden of tropical plants and a nature preserve of native Provençal plants, covering the hillside below the rock.
The town has an annual film festival in early June called the 'Cinestival', and usually revolves around a specific topic. It also has two other annual film related festivals, with a scriptwriter festival in April and an associated film conference 'Berceau du cinema' around two weeks after Cinestival.

## Twin towns and sister cities

La Ciotat is twinned with:
* Bridgwater, England, United Kingdom, since 1957
* Kranj, Slovenia, since 1958
* Singen, Germany, since 1958
* Torre Annunziata, Italy, since 2006