# Mrinal Sen

Mrinal Sen (14 May 1923 – 30 December 2018) was a Bengali film director and screenwriter known for his work primarily in Bengali, and a few Hindi and Telugu language films. Regarded as one of the finest Indian filmmakers, along with his contemporaries Satyajit Ray, Ritwik Ghatak, and Tapan Sinha, Sen played a major role in the New Wave cinema of India. He also served as the President of FTII from 1984 to 1986.
Sen received various national and international honors including eighteen Indian National Film Awards. The Government of India honored him with the Padma Bhushan, and the Government of France honored him with the Ordre des Arts et des Lettres, while Russian Government honored him with the Order of Friendship. Sen was also awarded the Dadasaheb Phalke Award, the highest award for filmmakers in India.
He was one of the few Indian filmmakers to have won awards at the big three film festivals viz., Cannes, Venice and the Berlinale. Sen was a self described "private Marxist".

## Influence

Mrinal Sen directed Bhuvan Shome (Mr. Shome, 1969) which initiated the "New Wave Cinema Movement" in India.

### Film craft, Social context and its political influence

The films that he made next were essentially political, and earned him the reputation as a Marxist artist. This was also the time of large-scale political unrest throughout India. Particularly in and around Calcutta, this period underwent what is now known as the Naxalite movement. This phase was immediately followed by a series of films where he shifted his focus, and instead of looking for enemies outside, he looked for the enemy within his own middle class society. This was arguably his most creative phase.

### Depiction of Kolkata

In many Mrinal Sen movies from Punascha (1961) to Mahaprithivi (1992), Kolkata features prominently. He has shown Kolkata as a character, and as an inspiration. He has beautifully woven the people, value system, class difference and the roads of the city into his movies and coming of age for Kolkata, his El-Dorado.

## Recognition

In 1982 he was a member of the jury at the 32nd Berlin International Film Festival. In 1983 he was a member of the jury at the 13th Moscow International Film Festival. In 1997 Sen became the member of the jury at the 20th Moscow International Film Festival. On 24 July 2012, Sen was not invited to the function organised by Government of West Bengal to felicitate film personalities from the State. As per reports, his political views are believed to be the reason for his omission from the function.

## Death

Sen had age-related ailments for many years. He died on 30 December 2018 at the age of 95 at his home in Bhawanipore, Kolkata. The cause was a heart attack.

## Awards
### National Film Awards

Best Feature Film
* 1969: Bhuvan Shome
* 1974: Chorus
* 1976: Mrigayaa
* 1980: Akaler Sandhane
Second Best Feature Film
* 1972: Calcutta 71
* 1980: Kharij
Best Direction
* 1969: Bhuvan Shome
* 1979: Ek Din Pratidin
* 1980: Akaler Sandhane
* 1984: Khandhar
Best Screenplay
* 1974: Padatik
* 1983: Akaler Sandhane
* 1984: Kharij
Special Mention
* 1978: Parashuram

### Best Regional Film Awards

Best Feature Film in Bengali
* 1961: Punascha
* 1965: Akash Kusum
* 1993: Antareen
Best Feature Film in Telugu
* 1977: Oka Oori Katha

### Filmfare Awards

    Critics Award for Best Film 1976 Mrigayaa Best Screenplay 1984 Khandhar Best Director - Bengali 1982 Akaler Shandhaney Filmfare Lifetime Achievement Award 2017 Bengali Cinema

### International awards

    4th International Film Festival of India - Jury Prize - Bhuvan Shome - 1969
    Moscow International Film Festival - Silver Prize – Parashuram 1975 Chorus – 1979
    Karlovy Vary International Film Festival - Special Jury Prize 1977 Oka Oori Katha
    Berlin International Film Festival Interfilm Award 1979 Parashuram 1981 Akaler Sandhane Grand Jury Prize 1981 Akaler Sandhane
    Cannes Film Festival - Jury Prize 1983 Kharij
    Valladolid International Film Festival - Golden Spike 1983 Kharij
    Chicago International Film Festival - Gold Hugo 1984 Khandhar
    Montreal World Film Festival - Special Prize of the Jury 1984 Khandhar
    Venice Film Festival - OCIC Award - Honorable Mention 1989 Ek Din Achanak
    Cairo International Film Festival - Silver Pyramid for Best Director 2002 Aamar Bhuban

## State and institutional honors

* In 1979, he was awarded the Nehru Soviet Land Award by the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics for his contribution to world cinema.
* In 1981, the Government of India awarded Sen with the Padma Bhushan.
* In 1985, President François Mitterrand, the President of France, awarded him the Commandeur de Ordre des Arts et des Lettres (Commander of the Order of Arts and Letters)
* In 1993, he was awarded an honorary D.Litt. by the University of Burdwan.
* In 1996, he was awarded an honorary D.Litt. by Jadavpur University.
* In 1999, he was awarded an honorary D.Litt. by Rabindra Bharati University.
* Between 1998 and 2003, he was made an Honorary Member of the Indian Parliament in the Rajya Sabha.
* In 2000, President Vladimir Putin of the Russian Federation honored him with the Order of Friendship.
* In 2005, the Dadasaheb Phalke Award, the highest honor given to an Indian filmmaker, was awarded to him by the Government of India for the year 2003.
* In 2009, he was awarded an honorary D. Litt., by the University of Calcutta.
* In 2017, he was inducted as a member of the Oscar Academy

## Filmography

* Raat Bhore (The Dawn) (1955)
* Neel Akasher Neechey (Under the Blue Sky) (1959)
* Baishe Shravana (Wedding Day) (1960)
* Punascha (Over Again) (1961)
* Abasheshe (And at Last) (1963)
* Pratinidhi (The Representative) (1964)
* Akash Kusum (Up in the Clouds) (1965)
* Matira Manisha (Man of the Soil) (Odia film) (1966)
* Bhuvan Shome (Mr. Bhuvan Shome) (1969)
* Ichhapuran (1970)
* Interview (1971)
* Ek Adhuri Kahani (An Unfinished Story) (1971)
* Calcutta 71 (1972)
* Padatik (The Guerilla Fighter) (1973)
* Chorus (1974)
* Mrigaya (The Royal Hunt) (1976)
* Oka Oori Katha (The Outsiders) (1977)
* Parashuram (The Man with the Axe) (1978)
* Ek Din Pratidin (And Quiet Rolls the Dawn) (1979)
* Akaler Shandhaney (In Search of Famine) (1980)
* Chalchitra (The Kaleidoscope) (1981)
* Kharij (The Case Is Closed) (1982)
* Khandhar (The Ruins) (1983)
* Genesis (1986)
* Kabhi Door Kabhi Paas (1986–87) (12 short films made for television broadcast)
* Ek Din Achanak (Suddenly, One Day) (1989)
* Mahaprithibi (World Within, World Without) (1991)
* Antareen (The Confined) (1993)
* Amar Bhuvan (This, My Land) (2002)