# Muhammad ibn al-Hanafiyya

Muhammad ibn al-Hanafiyya (Arabic: مُحَمَّد ابْن الْحَنَفِيَّة, romanized: Muḥammad ibn al-Ḥanafiyya, c. 637–700, 15–81 AH) was a son of Ali ibn Abi Talib, who was the fourth caliph of islam (r. 656–661) Ibn al-Hanafiyya was an effective lieutenant for his father Ali during his caliphate. After the assassination of Ali and the deaths of his two sons Hasan and Husayn, many recognized Ibn al-Hanafiyya as the head of the House of Ali. Claiming to represent Ibn al-Hanafiyya, Mukhtar al-Thaqafi rose in Iraq in 686 to avenge Husayn and his relatives, who were massacred in 680 CE by forces of the Umayyad caliph Yazid bin Mu'awiya (r. 680–683). The quiescent Ibn al-Hanafiyya did not actively associate with this rebellion but was still rescued by Mukhtar when he was detained by the rival caliph Ubayd Allah ibn Ziyad. Support for Ibn al-Hanafiyya continued even after the defeat and death of Mukhtar in 686–687 in the form of the Kaysanites, a now-extinct Shia sect that traced the imamate to Ibn al-Hanafiyya and his descendants, particularly his son Abu Hashim. After the death of Ibn al-Hanafiyya in 700–701, some Kaysanites declared that he was the Mahdi, the eschatological Islamic leader who would reappear in the end of time and eradicate injustice and evil. The Kaysanites later provided the organizational structure for the Abbasids to overthrew the Umayyads in 750–751.

## Birth

Often known by his title Ibn al-Hanafiyya, Muhammad was born to Khawla bint Ja'far, a woman from the Banu Hanifa tribe, and Ali ibn Abi Talib, a cousin of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. Ali is also recognized as the fourth Rashidun caliph (r. 656–661) and the first Shia imam. Ibn al-Hanafiyya was either born in 16 AH (637–638 CE), or circa 633. He was the only child of Khawla, a freed slave, whom Ali had married sometime after the death of his first wife Fatima, daughter of Muhammad. The kunya of Ibn Hanafiyya was Abu al-Qasim.

## Early life

Soon after the assassination of the third Rashidun caliph Uthman ibn Affan (r. 644–656), Ali was elected to the caliphate in Medina. During his caliphate, Ibn al-Hanafiyya accompanied Ali in battles, as his champion and standard-bearer. When Ali was assassinated in Kufa in January 661, his eldest son Hasan was elected caliph there, but later abdicated in favor of Mu'awiya I (r. 661–680) in August 661. Hasan died in 669 in Medina, probably poisoned at the instigation of Mu'awiya, who thus paved the way for the succession of his son Yazid I (r. 680–683) often portrayed by Muslim historians as impious and immoral. Hasan was thus succeeded by his younger brother Husayn as the head of Muhammad's family. When the Umayyad Marwan and the prophet's widow Aisha prevented the burial of Hasan near his grandfather, Ibn Hanafiyya is said to have convinced Husayn to bury their brother in the Baqi Cemetery.

### Battle of Karbala

Upon Mu'awiya's death and Yazid's accession in 680, the latter instructed his governor of Medina to secure Husayn's pledge of allegiance by force. Husayn immediately left for Mecca to avoid recognizing Yazid as the caliph. There Husayn received some letters of support from Kufans, whose intentions were verified by his envoy, Muslim ibn Aqil. Among many others, Ibn al-Hanafiyya is said to have warned Husayn not to trust the Kufans, who had betrayed their father Ali and their brother Hasan, suggesting that he should instead stay in Mecca or conceal himself in Yemen. Husayn ignored such warnings, saying that he expected to be killed while fighting the tyranny of Yazid. On their way to Kufa in 680, Husayn's small caravan was intercepted by the Umayyad army. He was killed in the ensuing Battle of Karbala, alongside most of his male relatives and his small retinue, having been surrounded for some days and deprived of the drinking water of the nearby Euphrates River. After the battle, the women and children in Husayn's camp were taken prisoner and marched to the Umayyad capital Damascus in Syria. The promised Kufan support did not materialize as Ubayd Allah ibn Ziyad, the new governor of Kufa, killed Husayn's envoy and intimidated Kufan tribal chiefs. Unlike Husayn, the quiescent Ibn al-Hanafiyya is said to have pledged his allegiance to Yazid.

## Uprising of Mukhtar

After the death of Husayn, his only surviving son, Ali ibn Husayn Zayn al-Abidin, retired to an apolitical life in Medina. Ibn al-Hanafiyya was thus considered by many as the head of the House of Ali. Indeed, Mukhtar al-Thaqafi soon claimed to represent Ibn Hanafiyya in Kufa, calling for revenge for the Karbala massacre. His efforts were bolstered by the defeat of the alternative Tawwabun rebellion in 684. Mukhtar eventually seized control of Kufa in 686 from Abd Allah ibn Zubayr, who had established in 680 an alternative caliphate in Mecca that rivaled the Umayyads. It is doubtful that Mukhtar actually represented the quiescent Ibn Hanafiyya. Nevertheless, the noncommittal response of Ibn Hanafiyya was interpreted by a Kufan delegation as an implicit endorsement of Mukhtar, which in turn strengthened the Kufans' support for the latter.

### Mahdi

After Husayn's death, Mukhtar likely considered Ibn Hanafiyya as the rightful imam, referring to him as Ali's surviving wasi (lit. 'legatee') after Hasan and Husayn. Mukhtar also referred to Ibn Hanafiyya as the Mahdi (lit. 'the rightly-guided one'), that is, the leader who would deliver Muslims from oppression and spread justice. At this point, however, this title of Ibn Hanafiyya probably did not have any messianic implications. At any rate, Ibn Hanafiyya is said to have avoided this title, as he remained in his hometown of Medina and declined active leadership of the revolution. Perhaps an indication of his equivocal attitude towards the rebellion, Ibn Hanafiyya is said to have been represented in some later Hajj pilgrimages by his personal flag as the head of the House of Ali.

### Avenging Husayn

True to his promise, Mukhtar killed several figures thought to be responsible for the Karbala massacre, including the Kufa governor Ibn Ziyad and the Umayyad commander Umar ibn Sa'd (d. 686), whose head was then sent to Ibn al-Hanafiyya by some accounts. Also killed was Shamir ibn Dhi al-Jawshan, often viewed as responsible for beheading Husayn in Karbala. Elsewhere, Murra ibn Munqidh al-Abdi survived a revenge attempt but was severely wounded. He is said to have killed Husayn's son Ali al-Akbar. Yet Asma ibn Kharija al-Fazari and Muhammad ibn al-Ash'ath al-Kindi escaped Mukhtar unharmed. The former was sought for his role in killing Muslim ibn Aqil and the latter was accused of insulting Husayn in Karbala.

### Confrontation with Ibn al-Zubayr

Saying that he was waiting for communal consensus, Ibn Hanafiyya had refused to pledge his allegiance to Ibn al-Zubayr, the self-proclaimed caliph in Mecca. Some have therefore suggested that Ibn al-Hanafiyya might have had his own ambitions for the high office. Perhaps it was this refusal to take the oath of allegiance and the takeover of Kufa by Mukhtar that provoked the Meccan caliph to imprison Ibn Hanafiyya. He now wrote to Mukhtar for help and was rescued by his military detachment(s). The rescue mission is said to have been bloodless, as Ibn Hanafiyya had forbidden Mukhtar's men from fighting in the sanctuary of Mecca. This appeal for help suggests that the passive attitude of Ibn Hanafiyya towards Mukhtar has been exaggerated. Ibn Hanafiyya then settled in Mina, near Mecca, and later in Ta'if.

### Death of Mukhtar

Mukhtar was defeated and killed in 686–687, yet Ibn Hanafiyya was not compromised afterward, which perhaps indicates his weak ties with Mukhtar. Ibn Hanafiyya continued to withhold his support from the two rival caliphates until the fall of Zubayr in 692, at which point he pledged his allegiance to the Umayyad caliph Abd al-Malik (r. 685–705). By some accounts, he visited the caliph in Damascus in 692, who generously compensated him.

## Kaysanites

The now-extinct Kaysanites was a Shia sect that traced the imamate to Ibn Hanafiyya and his descendants. The sect emerged from the uprising of Mukhtar, whose death did not end the propaganda in favor of Ibn Hanafiyya. The Kaysanites condemned the caliphs preceding Ali ibn Abi Talib as usurpers of his right to succeed the Islamic prophet Muhammad. Most of them regarded Hasan, then Husayn, and finally Ibn Hanafiyya as the divinely-appointed imams after Ali ibn Abi Talib. When Ibn Hanafiyya died in 700–701, or in 703 or 705, most Kaysanites followed his son Abu Hashim, but some thought that Ibn Hanafiyya had entered occultation, that is, he was providentially concealed from mankind until his reappearance by divine will. This was perhaps when the concept of the Mahdi became mainstream as the eschatological Islamic leader who would eradicate injustice and evil in the end of time. Being the last (notable) son of Ali, the death of Ibn Hanafiyya also further divided the Shia community.
It is difficult to estimate the numerical strength of the Kaysanites. Late during the Umayyad period, they likely outnumbered the imamite Shias, who followed a Husaynid line of imams. Indeed, Ibn Hanafiyya and later his successor Abu Hashim diverted considerable support from Ali Zayn al-Abidin and his successor Muhammad al-Baqir, for neither of the two laid any public claims to the imamate. The movement of Mukhtar ultimately paved the way for the overthrow of the Umayyads, as the Kaysanites provided the organizational structure for the successful rebellion of the Abbasids, who claimed descent from Muhammad's paternal uncle, Abbas. They postulated that Abu Hashim was succeeded to the imamate by the head of the Abbasid family, Muhammad ibn Ali. This was apparently the main Abbasid claim to legitimacy until they declared around 780 that the heir of the Islamic prophet Muhammad was his uncle Abbas rather than his cousin and son-in-law, Ali ibn Abi Talib. The Abbasids thus gradually turned against the mainstream Shia, carrying with themselves large numbers of the Kaysanites to Sunnism.

## Family tree

| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Quraysh tribe | Quraysh tribe | Quraysh tribe | Quraysh tribe | Quraysh tribe | Quraysh tribe |
| | | | | | | Waqida bint Amr | Waqida bint Amr | Waqida bint Amr | Waqida bint Amr | Waqida bint Amr | Waqida bint Amr | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Abd Manaf ibn Qusai | Abd Manaf ibn Qusai | Abd Manaf ibn Qusai | Abd Manaf ibn Qusai | Abd Manaf ibn Qusai | Abd Manaf ibn Qusai | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Ātikah bint Murrah | Ātikah bint Murrah | Ātikah bint Murrah | Ātikah bint Murrah | Ātikah bint Murrah | Ātikah bint Murrah |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | Nawfal ibn Abd Manaf | Nawfal ibn Abd Manaf | Nawfal ibn Abd Manaf | Nawfal ibn Abd Manaf | Nawfal ibn Abd Manaf | Nawfal ibn Abd Manaf | | | ‘Abd Shams | ‘Abd Shams | ‘Abd Shams | ‘Abd Shams | ‘Abd Shams | ‘Abd Shams | | | Barra | Barra | Barra | Barra | Barra | Barra | | | Hala | Hala | Hala | Hala | Hala | Hala | | | Muṭṭalib ibn Abd Manaf | Muṭṭalib ibn Abd Manaf | Muṭṭalib ibn Abd Manaf | Muṭṭalib ibn Abd Manaf | Muṭṭalib ibn Abd Manaf | Muṭṭalib ibn Abd Manaf | | | Hashim | Hashim | Hashim | Hashim | Hashim | Hashim | | | Salma bint Amr | Salma bint Amr | Salma bint Amr | Salma bint Amr | Salma bint Amr | Salma bint Amr |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Umayya ibn Abd Shams | Umayya ibn Abd Shams | Umayya ibn Abd Shams | Umayya ibn Abd Shams | Umayya ibn Abd Shams | Umayya ibn Abd Shams | | | | | | | ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib | ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib | ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib | ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib | ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib | ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib |
| Harb | Harb | Harb | Harb | Harb | Harb | | | | | | | | | | | Abū al-ʿĀs | Abū al-ʿĀs | Abū al-ʿĀs | Abū al-ʿĀs | Abū al-ʿĀs | Abū al-ʿĀs | | | ʿĀminah | ʿĀminah | ʿĀminah | ʿĀminah | ʿĀminah | ʿĀminah | | | ʿAbdallāh | ʿAbdallāh | ʿAbdallāh | ʿAbdallāh | ʿAbdallāh | ʿAbdallāh | | | Hamza | Hamza | Hamza | Hamza | Hamza | Hamza | | | Abī Ṭālib | Abī Ṭālib | Abī Ṭālib | Abī Ṭālib | Abī Ṭālib | Abī Ṭālib | | | Az-Zubayr | Az-Zubayr | Az-Zubayr | Az-Zubayr | Az-Zubayr | Az-Zubayr | | | al-ʿAbbās | al-ʿAbbās | al-ʿAbbās | al-ʿAbbās | al-ʿAbbās | al-ʿAbbās | Abū Lahab | Abū Lahab | Abū Lahab | Abū Lahab | Abū Lahab | Abū Lahab |
| ʾAbī Sufyān ibn Harb | ʾAbī Sufyān ibn Harb | ʾAbī Sufyān ibn Harb | ʾAbī Sufyān ibn Harb | ʾAbī Sufyān ibn Harb | ʾAbī Sufyān ibn Harb | al-Ḥakam | al-Ḥakam | al-Ḥakam | al-Ḥakam | al-Ḥakam | al-Ḥakam | ʿUthmān | ʿUthmān | ʿUthmān | ʿUthmān | ʿUthmān | ʿUthmān | | | ʿAffān | ʿAffān | ʿAffān | ʿAffān | ʿAffān | ʿAffān | | | MUHAMMAD (Family tree) | MUHAMMAD (Family tree) | MUHAMMAD (Family tree) | MUHAMMAD (Family tree) | MUHAMMAD (Family tree) | MUHAMMAD (Family tree) | | | Khadija bint Khuwaylid | Khadija bint Khuwaylid | Khadija bint Khuwaylid | Khadija bint Khuwaylid | Khadija bint Khuwaylid | Khadija bint Khuwaylid | | | | | | | ʿAlī (Family tree) | ʿAlī (Family tree) | ʿAlī (Family tree) | ʿAlī (Family tree) | ʿAlī (Family tree) | ʿAlī (Family tree) | | | Khawlah bint Ja'far | Khawlah bint Ja'far | Khawlah bint Ja'far | Khawlah bint Ja'far | Khawlah bint Ja'far | Khawlah bint Ja'far | | | Ibn Abbas | Ibn Abbas | Ibn Abbas | Ibn Abbas | Ibn Abbas | Ibn Abbas |
| Muʿāwiyah I | Muʿāwiyah I | Muʿāwiyah I | Muʿāwiyah I | Muʿāwiyah I | Muʿāwiyah I | Marwān I | Marwān I | Marwān I | Marwān I | Marwān I | Marwān I | | | | | | | | | ʿUthmān ibn ʿAffān | ʿUthmān ibn ʿAffān | ʿUthmān ibn ʿAffān | ʿUthmān ibn ʿAffān | ʿUthmān ibn ʿAffān | ʿUthmān ibn ʿAffān | | | Ruqayya | Ruqayya | Ruqayya | Ruqayya | Ruqayya | Ruqayya | | | Fatimah | Fatimah | Fatimah | Fatimah | Fatimah | Fatimah | | | | | | | | | | | Muhammad ibn al-Hanafiyyah | Muhammad ibn al-Hanafiyyah | Muhammad ibn al-Hanafiyyah | Muhammad ibn al-Hanafiyyah | Muhammad ibn al-Hanafiyyah | Muhammad ibn al-Hanafiyyah | | | | | | | ʿAli ibn ʿAbdallāh | ʿAli ibn ʿAbdallāh | ʿAli ibn ʿAbdallāh | ʿAli ibn ʿAbdallāh | ʿAli ibn ʿAbdallāh | ʿAli ibn ʿAbdallāh | | |
| Sufyanids | Sufyanids | Sufyanids | Sufyanids | Sufyanids | Sufyanids | Marwanids | Marwanids | Marwanids | Marwanids | Marwanids | Marwanids | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | al-Ḥasan | al-Ḥasan | al-Ḥasan | al-Ḥasan | al-Ḥasan | al-Ḥasan | | | al-Ḥusayn (Family tree) | al-Ḥusayn (Family tree) | al-Ḥusayn (Family tree) | al-Ḥusayn (Family tree) | al-Ḥusayn (Family tree) | al-Ḥusayn (Family tree) | | | Abu Hasim (Imām of al-Mukhtār and Hashimiyya) | Abu Hasim (Imām of al-Mukhtār and Hashimiyya) | Abu Hasim (Imām of al-Mukhtār and Hashimiyya) | Abu Hasim (Imām of al-Mukhtār and Hashimiyya) | Abu Hasim (Imām of al-Mukhtār and Hashimiyya) | Abu Hasim (Imām of al-Mukhtār and Hashimiyya) | | | | | | | Muhammad "al-Imām" (Abbasids) | Muhammad "al-Imām" (Abbasids) | Muhammad "al-Imām" (Abbasids) | Muhammad "al-Imām" (Abbasids) | Muhammad "al-Imām" (Abbasids) | Muhammad "al-Imām" (Abbasids) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Ibrāhim "al-Imām" | Ibrāhim "al-Imām" | Ibrāhim "al-Imām" | Ibrāhim "al-Imām" | Ibrāhim "al-Imām" | Ibrāhim "al-Imām" | | | al-Saffāḥ | al-Saffāḥ | al-Saffāḥ | al-Saffāḥ | al-Saffāḥ | al-Saffāḥ | al-Mansur | al-Mansur | al-Mansur | al-Mansur | al-Mansur | al-Mansur |
The comparative genealogy of the Abbasid caliphs with their rival Zaydi imams :
Abbasids :
* Caliphs of the Abbasid Caliphate
* Caliphs of Cairo
* Zaydi imams
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib ibn ʿHāshīm | ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib ibn ʿHāshīm | ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib ibn ʿHāshīm | ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib ibn ʿHāshīm |
| | | | | ʾAbū Ṭālib ibn ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib | ʾAbū Ṭālib ibn ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib | ʾAbū Ṭālib ibn ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib | ʾAbū Ṭālib ibn ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib | ʾAbū Ṭālib ibn ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib | ʾAbū Ṭālib ibn ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Abū'l-Fādl al-ʿAbbās ibn ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib | Abū'l-Fādl al-ʿAbbās ibn ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib | Abū'l-Fādl al-ʿAbbās ibn ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib | Abū'l-Fādl al-ʿAbbās ibn ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib | Abū'l-Fādl al-ʿAbbās ibn ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib | Abū'l-Fādl al-ʿAbbās ibn ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib | ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib | ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib | ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib | ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib | ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib | ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib |
| | | | | ʿAlīyyū'l-Murtaḍžā | ʿAlīyyū'l-Murtaḍžā | ʿAlīyyū'l-Murtaḍžā | ʿAlīyyū'l-Murtaḍžā | ʿAlīyyū'l-Murtaḍžā | ʿAlīyyū'l-Murtaḍžā | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Hibr al-Ummah ʿAbd Allāh ibn al-ʿAbbās | Hibr al-Ummah ʿAbd Allāh ibn al-ʿAbbās | Hibr al-Ummah ʿAbd Allāh ibn al-ʿAbbās | Hibr al-Ummah ʿAbd Allāh ibn al-ʿAbbās | Hibr al-Ummah ʿAbd Allāh ibn al-ʿAbbās | Hibr al-Ummah ʿAbd Allāh ibn al-ʿAbbās | Khātam al-Nabiyyin Abū'l-Qāsīm Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd Allāh | Khātam al-Nabiyyin Abū'l-Qāsīm Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd Allāh | Khātam al-Nabiyyin Abū'l-Qāsīm Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd Allāh | Khātam al-Nabiyyin Abū'l-Qāsīm Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd Allāh | Khātam al-Nabiyyin Abū'l-Qāsīm Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd Allāh | Khātam al-Nabiyyin Abū'l-Qāsīm Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd Allāh | | | | | | | | |
| Al-Ḥasan al-Mujtabā | Al-Ḥasan al-Mujtabā | Al-Ḥasan al-Mujtabā | Al-Ḥasan al-Mujtabā | Al-Ḥasan al-Mujtabā | Al-Ḥasan al-Mujtabā | | | Hussayn ibn Ali | Hussayn ibn Ali | Hussayn ibn Ali | Hussayn ibn Ali | Hussayn ibn Ali | Hussayn ibn Ali | | | Abū'l-Qāsīm Muḥammad al-Hānafīyya | Abū'l-Qāsīm Muḥammad al-Hānafīyya | Abū'l-Qāsīm Muḥammad al-Hānafīyya | Abū'l-Qāsīm Muḥammad al-Hānafīyya | Abū'l-Qāsīm Muḥammad al-Hānafīyya | Abū'l-Qāsīm Muḥammad al-Hānafīyya | | | ʿAlī ibn ʿAbd Allāh al-Sajjad | ʿAlī ibn ʿAbd Allāh al-Sajjad | ʿAlī ibn ʿAbd Allāh al-Sajjad | ʿAlī ibn ʿAbd Allāh al-Sajjad | ʿAlī ibn ʿAbd Allāh al-Sajjad | ʿAlī ibn ʿAbd Allāh al-Sajjad | | | | | | |
| Al-Ḥasan al-Mu'thannā | Al-Ḥasan al-Mu'thannā | Al-Ḥasan al-Mu'thannā | Al-Ḥasan al-Mu'thannā | Al-Ḥasan al-Mu'thannā | Al-Ḥasan al-Mu'thannā | | | Ali al-Sajjad (Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn) | Ali al-Sajjad (Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn) | Ali al-Sajjad (Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn) | Ali al-Sajjad (Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn) | Ali al-Sajjad (Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn) | Ali al-Sajjad (Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn) | | | Abū Hāshīm ʿAbd Allāh ibn Muḥammad | Abū Hāshīm ʿAbd Allāh ibn Muḥammad | Abū Hāshīm ʿAbd Allāh ibn Muḥammad | Abū Hāshīm ʿAbd Allāh ibn Muḥammad | Abū Hāshīm ʿAbd Allāh ibn Muḥammad | Abū Hāshīm ʿAbd Allāh ibn Muḥammad | | | Muḥammad "al-Imām" 716/7 - 743 | Muḥammad "al-Imām" 716/7 - 743 | Muḥammad "al-Imām" 716/7 - 743 | Muḥammad "al-Imām" 716/7 - 743 | Muḥammad "al-Imām" 716/7 - 743 | Muḥammad "al-Imām" 716/7 - 743 | ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿAlī 750–754 | ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿAlī 750–754 | ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿAlī 750–754 | ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿAlī 750–754 | ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿAlī 750–754 | ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿAlī 750–754 | | | Ṣāliḥ ibn ʿAlī 750–751 | Ṣāliḥ ibn ʿAlī 750–751 | Ṣāliḥ ibn ʿAlī 750–751 | Ṣāliḥ ibn ʿAlī 750–751 | Ṣāliḥ ibn ʿAlī 750–751 | Ṣāliḥ ibn ʿAlī 750–751 |
| ʿAbd Allāh al-Kāmīl ibn al-Ḥasan al-Mu'thannā | ʿAbd Allāh al-Kāmīl ibn al-Ḥasan al-Mu'thannā | ʿAbd Allāh al-Kāmīl ibn al-Ḥasan al-Mu'thannā | ʿAbd Allāh al-Kāmīl ibn al-Ḥasan al-Mu'thannā | ʿAbd Allāh al-Kāmīl ibn al-Ḥasan al-Mu'thannā | ʿAbd Allāh al-Kāmīl ibn al-Ḥasan al-Mu'thannā | | | Zayd ibn Ali | Zayd ibn Ali | Zayd ibn Ali | Zayd ibn Ali | Zayd ibn Ali | Zayd ibn Ali | | | Ibrāhim (Ebrāheem) "al-Imām" 743 - 749 | Ibrāhim (Ebrāheem) "al-Imām" 743 - 749 | Ibrāhim (Ebrāheem) "al-Imām" 743 - 749 | Ibrāhim (Ebrāheem) "al-Imām" 743 - 749 | Ibrāhim (Ebrāheem) "al-Imām" 743 - 749 | Ibrāhim (Ebrāheem) "al-Imām" 743 - 749 | | | Abū Jāʿfar ʿAbd Allāh al-Mānṣūr $^{(2)}$ r. 754–775 | Abū Jāʿfar ʿAbd Allāh al-Mānṣūr $^{(2)}$ r. 754–775 | Abū Jāʿfar ʿAbd Allāh al-Mānṣūr $^{(2)}$ r. 754–775 | Abū Jāʿfar ʿAbd Allāh al-Mānṣūr $^{(2)}$ r. 754–775 | Abū Jāʿfar ʿAbd Allāh al-Mānṣūr $^{(2)}$ r. 754–775 | Abū Jāʿfar ʿAbd Allāh al-Mānṣūr $^{(2)}$ r. 754–775 | Abū'l-ʿAbbās ʿAbd Allāh as-Saffāh $^{(1)}$ r. 750–754 | Abū'l-ʿAbbās ʿAbd Allāh as-Saffāh $^{(1)}$ r. 750–754 | Abū'l-ʿAbbās ʿAbd Allāh as-Saffāh $^{(1)}$ r. 750–754 | Abū'l-ʿAbbās ʿAbd Allāh as-Saffāh $^{(1)}$ r. 750–754 | Abū'l-ʿAbbās ʿAbd Allāh as-Saffāh $^{(1)}$ r. 750–754 | Abū'l-ʿAbbās ʿAbd Allāh as-Saffāh $^{(1)}$ r. 750–754 | | | Mūsā ibn Muḥammad "al-Imām" | Mūsā ibn Muḥammad "al-Imām" | Mūsā ibn Muḥammad "al-Imām" | Mūsā ibn Muḥammad "al-Imām" | Mūsā ibn Muḥammad "al-Imām" | Mūsā ibn Muḥammad "al-Imām" |
| Nafsū'zZakiyya | Nafsū'zZakiyya | Nafsū'zZakiyya | Nafsū'zZakiyya | Nafsū'zZakiyya | Nafsū'zZakiyya | | | Yahya ibn Zayd | Yahya ibn Zayd | Yahya ibn Zayd | Yahya ibn Zayd | Yahya ibn Zayd | Yahya ibn Zayd | | | Abū Muslīm al-Khurāsānī 748–755 | Abū Muslīm al-Khurāsānī 748–755 | Abū Muslīm al-Khurāsānī 748–755 | Abū Muslīm al-Khurāsānī 748–755 | Abū Muslīm al-Khurāsānī 748–755 | Abū Muslīm al-Khurāsānī 748–755 | | | Muḥammad al-Mahdī $^{(3)}$ r. 775–785 | Muḥammad al-Mahdī $^{(3)}$ r. 775–785 | Muḥammad al-Mahdī $^{(3)}$ r. 775–785 | Muḥammad al-Mahdī $^{(3)}$ r. 775–785 | Muḥammad al-Mahdī $^{(3)}$ r. 775–785 | Muḥammad al-Mahdī $^{(3)}$ r. 775–785 | Jāʿfar 762–764 | Jāʿfar 762–764 | Jāʿfar 762–764 | Jāʿfar 762–764 | Jāʿfar 762–764 | Jāʿfar 762–764 | | | ʿĪsā ibn Mūsā 750–765 | ʿĪsā ibn Mūsā 750–765 | ʿĪsā ibn Mūsā 750–765 | ʿĪsā ibn Mūsā 750–765 | ʿĪsā ibn Mūsā 750–765 | ʿĪsā ibn Mūsā 750–765 |
| ʿAbd Allāh Shāh Ghāzī (ʿAbd Allāh ibn Muḥammad) | ʿAbd Allāh Shāh Ghāzī (ʿAbd Allāh ibn Muḥammad) | ʿAbd Allāh Shāh Ghāzī (ʿAbd Allāh ibn Muḥammad) | ʿAbd Allāh Shāh Ghāzī (ʿAbd Allāh ibn Muḥammad) | ʿAbd Allāh Shāh Ghāzī (ʿAbd Allāh ibn Muḥammad) | ʿAbd Allāh Shāh Ghāzī (ʿAbd Allāh ibn Muḥammad) | | | Ibrāhīm ibn ʿAbd Allāh al-Kāmīl ibn al-Ḥasan al-Mu'thannā | Ibrāhīm ibn ʿAbd Allāh al-Kāmīl ibn al-Ḥasan al-Mu'thannā | Ibrāhīm ibn ʿAbd Allāh al-Kāmīl ibn al-Ḥasan al-Mu'thannā | Ibrāhīm ibn ʿAbd Allāh al-Kāmīl ibn al-Ḥasan al-Mu'thannā | Ibrāhīm ibn ʿAbd Allāh al-Kāmīl ibn al-Ḥasan al-Mu'thannā | Ibrāhīm ibn ʿAbd Allāh al-Kāmīl ibn al-Ḥasan al-Mu'thannā | | | Al-Ḥusayn ibn ʿAlī al-ʿĀbid ibn al-Ḥasan al-Mu'thallath $^{ibnḤasanal-Mu'thannā}$ | Al-Ḥusayn ibn ʿAlī al-ʿĀbid ibn al-Ḥasan al-Mu'thallath $^{ibnḤasanal-Mu'thannā}$ | Al-Ḥusayn ibn ʿAlī al-ʿĀbid ibn al-Ḥasan al-Mu'thallath $^{ibnḤasanal-Mu'thannā}$ | Al-Ḥusayn ibn ʿAlī al-ʿĀbid ibn al-Ḥasan al-Mu'thallath $^{ibnḤasanal-Mu'thannā}$ | Al-Ḥusayn ibn ʿAlī al-ʿĀbid ibn al-Ḥasan al-Mu'thallath $^{ibnḤasanal-Mu'thannā}$ | Al-Ḥusayn ibn ʿAlī al-ʿĀbid ibn al-Ḥasan al-Mu'thallath $^{ibnḤasanal-Mu'thannā}$ | | | Hārūn ar-Rāshīd $^{(5)}$ r. 786–809 | Hārūn ar-Rāshīd $^{(5)}$ r. 786–809 | Hārūn ar-Rāshīd $^{(5)}$ r. 786–809 | Hārūn ar-Rāshīd $^{(5)}$ r. 786–809 | Hārūn ar-Rāshīd $^{(5)}$ r. 786–809 | Hārūn ar-Rāshīd $^{(5)}$ r. 786–809 | ʿMūsā al-Hādī $^{(4)}$ r. 785–786 | ʿMūsā al-Hādī $^{(4)}$ r. 785–786 | ʿMūsā al-Hādī $^{(4)}$ r. 785–786 | ʿMūsā al-Hādī $^{(4)}$ r. 785–786 | ʿMūsā al-Hādī $^{(4)}$ r. 785–786 | ʿMūsā al-Hādī $^{(4)}$ r. 785–786 | | | Mūsā Ismā'īl Dā'wūd | Mūsā Ismā'īl Dā'wūd | Mūsā Ismā'īl Dā'wūd | Mūsā Ismā'īl Dā'wūd | Mūsā Ismā'īl Dā'wūd | Mūsā Ismā'īl Dā'wūd |
| Sulaymān | Sulaymān | Sulaymān | Sulaymān | Sulaymān | Sulaymān | | | Yaḥyā | Yaḥyā | Yaḥyā | Yaḥyā | Yaḥyā | Yaḥyā | | | Ibrāhīm Ṭabāṭabā | Ibrāhīm Ṭabāṭabā | Ibrāhīm Ṭabāṭabā | Ibrāhīm Ṭabāṭabā | Ibrāhīm Ṭabāṭabā | Ibrāhīm Ṭabāṭabā | | | Muḥammad al-Mu'tasim $^{(8)}$ r. 833–842 | Muḥammad al-Mu'tasim $^{(8)}$ r. 833–842 | Muḥammad al-Mu'tasim $^{(8)}$ r. 833–842 | Muḥammad al-Mu'tasim $^{(8)}$ r. 833–842 | Muḥammad al-Mu'tasim $^{(8)}$ r. 833–842 | Muḥammad al-Mu'tasim $^{(8)}$ r. 833–842 | Abd Allāh al-Ma'mun $^{(7)}$ r. 813–833 | Abd Allāh al-Ma'mun $^{(7)}$ r. 813–833 | Abd Allāh al-Ma'mun $^{(7)}$ r. 813–833 | Abd Allāh al-Ma'mun $^{(7)}$ r. 813–833 | Abd Allāh al-Ma'mun $^{(7)}$ r. 813–833 | Abd Allāh al-Ma'mun $^{(7)}$ r. 813–833 | | | Muḥammad al-Amin $^{(6)}$ r. 809–813 | Muḥammad al-Amin $^{(6)}$ r. 809–813 | Muḥammad al-Amin $^{(6)}$ r. 809–813 | Muḥammad al-Amin $^{(6)}$ r. 809–813 | Muḥammad al-Amin $^{(6)}$ r. 809–813 | Muḥammad al-Amin $^{(6)}$ r. 809–813 |
| Sūlaymān | Sūlaymān | Sūlaymān | Sūlaymān | Sūlaymān | Sūlaymān | | | Idrīs the Elder ibn ʿAbd Allāh | Idrīs the Elder ibn ʿAbd Allāh | Idrīs the Elder ibn ʿAbd Allāh | Idrīs the Elder ibn ʿAbd Allāh | Idrīs the Elder ibn ʿAbd Allāh | Idrīs the Elder ibn ʿAbd Allāh | | | Muḥammad ibn IbrāhīmṬabāṭabā | Muḥammad ibn IbrāhīmṬabāṭabā | Muḥammad ibn IbrāhīmṬabāṭabā | Muḥammad ibn IbrāhīmṬabāṭabā | Muḥammad ibn IbrāhīmṬabāṭabā | Muḥammad ibn IbrāhīmṬabāṭabā | | | Jāʿfar al-Mutawakkil $^{(10)}$ r. 847–861 | Jāʿfar al-Mutawakkil $^{(10)}$ r. 847–861 | Jāʿfar al-Mutawakkil $^{(10)}$ r. 847–861 | Jāʿfar al-Mutawakkil $^{(10)}$ r. 847–861 | Jāʿfar al-Mutawakkil $^{(10)}$ r. 847–861 | Jāʿfar al-Mutawakkil $^{(10)}$ r. 847–861 | Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad al-Mu'tasim | Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad al-Mu'tasim | Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad al-Mu'tasim | Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad al-Mu'tasim | Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad al-Mu'tasim | Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad al-Mu'tasim | | | Hārūn al-Wathiq $^{(9)}$ r. 842–847 | Hārūn al-Wathiq $^{(9)}$ r. 842–847 | Hārūn al-Wathiq $^{(9)}$ r. 842–847 | Hārūn al-Wathiq $^{(9)}$ r. 842–847 | Hārūn al-Wathiq $^{(9)}$ r. 842–847 | Hārūn al-Wathiq $^{(9)}$ r. 842–847 |
| Mūsā II | Mūsā II | Mūsā II | Mūsā II | Mūsā II | Mūsā II | | | Idrīs ibn Idrīs | Idrīs ibn Idrīs | Idrīs ibn Idrīs | Idrīs ibn Idrīs | Idrīs ibn Idrīs | Idrīs ibn Idrīs | | | Muḥammad al-Muntasir $^{(11)}$ r. 861–862 | Muḥammad al-Muntasir $^{(11)}$ r. 861–862 | Muḥammad al-Muntasir $^{(11)}$ r. 861–862 | Muḥammad al-Muntasir $^{(11)}$ r. 861–862 | Muḥammad al-Muntasir $^{(11)}$ r. 861–862 | Muḥammad al-Muntasir $^{(11)}$ r. 861–862 | | | Ṭalḥa al-Muwaffaq 870–891 | Ṭalḥa al-Muwaffaq 870–891 | Ṭalḥa al-Muwaffaq 870–891 | Ṭalḥa al-Muwaffaq 870–891 | Ṭalḥa al-Muwaffaq 870–891 | Ṭalḥa al-Muwaffaq 870–891 | Aḥmad al-Musta'in $^{(12)}$ r. 862–866 | Aḥmad al-Musta'in $^{(12)}$ r. 862–866 | Aḥmad al-Musta'in $^{(12)}$ r. 862–866 | Aḥmad al-Musta'in $^{(12)}$ r. 862–866 | Aḥmad al-Musta'in $^{(12)}$ r. 862–866 | Aḥmad al-Musta'in $^{(12)}$ r. 862–866 | | | Muḥammad al-Muhtadi $^{(14)}$ r. 869–870 | Muḥammad al-Muhtadi $^{(14)}$ r. 869–870 | Muḥammad al-Muhtadi $^{(14)}$ r. 869–870 | Muḥammad al-Muhtadi $^{(14)}$ r. 869–870 | Muḥammad al-Muhtadi $^{(14)}$ r. 869–870 | Muḥammad al-Muhtadi $^{(14)}$ r. 869–870 |
| Ismāʿīl ibn Yūsūf Al-Ukhayḍhir | Ismāʿīl ibn Yūsūf Al-Ukhayḍhir | Ismāʿīl ibn Yūsūf Al-Ukhayḍhir | Ismāʿīl ibn Yūsūf Al-Ukhayḍhir | Ismāʿīl ibn Yūsūf Al-Ukhayḍhir | Ismāʿīl ibn Yūsūf Al-Ukhayḍhir | | | Al-Qāsīm ar-Rassī ibn IbrāhīmṬabāṭabā | Al-Qāsīm ar-Rassī ibn IbrāhīmṬabāṭabā | Al-Qāsīm ar-Rassī ibn IbrāhīmṬabāṭabā | Al-Qāsīm ar-Rassī ibn IbrāhīmṬabāṭabā | Al-Qāsīm ar-Rassī ibn IbrāhīmṬabāṭabā | Al-Qāsīm ar-Rassī ibn IbrāhīmṬabāṭabā | | | Ibrahim al-Mu'ayyad 850–861 | Ibrahim al-Mu'ayyad 850–861 | Ibrahim al-Mu'ayyad 850–861 | Ibrahim al-Mu'ayyad 850–861 | Ibrahim al-Mu'ayyad 850–861 | Ibrahim al-Mu'ayyad 850–861 | | | Aḥmad al-Mu'tadid $^{(16)}$ r. 892–902 | Aḥmad al-Mu'tadid $^{(16)}$ r. 892–902 | Aḥmad al-Mu'tadid $^{(16)}$ r. 892–902 | Aḥmad al-Mu'tadid $^{(16)}$ r. 892–902 | Aḥmad al-Mu'tadid $^{(16)}$ r. 892–902 | Aḥmad al-Mu'tadid $^{(16)}$ r. 892–902 | Muḥammad al-Mu'tazz $^{(13)}$ r. 866–869 | Muḥammad al-Mu'tazz $^{(13)}$ r. 866–869 | Muḥammad al-Mu'tazz $^{(13)}$ r. 866–869 | Muḥammad al-Mu'tazz $^{(13)}$ r. 866–869 | Muḥammad al-Mu'tazz $^{(13)}$ r. 866–869 | Muḥammad al-Mu'tazz $^{(13)}$ r. 866–869 | | | Aḥmad al-Mu'tamid $^{(15)}$ r. 870–892 | Aḥmad al-Mu'tamid $^{(15)}$ r. 870–892 | Aḥmad al-Mu'tamid $^{(15)}$ r. 870–892 | Aḥmad al-Mu'tamid $^{(15)}$ r. 870–892 | Aḥmad al-Mu'tamid $^{(15)}$ r. 870–892 | Aḥmad al-Mu'tamid $^{(15)}$ r. 870–892 |
| Muḥammad ibn Yūsūf Al-Ukhayḍhir | Muḥammad ibn Yūsūf Al-Ukhayḍhir | Muḥammad ibn Yūsūf Al-Ukhayḍhir | Muḥammad ibn Yūsūf Al-Ukhayḍhir | Muḥammad ibn Yūsūf Al-Ukhayḍhir | Muḥammad ibn Yūsūf Al-Ukhayḍhir | | | $^{Abūʾl-ḤusaynAl-Hādīilāʾl-Ḥaqq}$ Yaḥyā ibn al-Ḥusayn | $^{Abūʾl-ḤusaynAl-Hādīilāʾl-Ḥaqq}$ Yaḥyā ibn al-Ḥusayn | $^{Abūʾl-ḤusaynAl-Hādīilāʾl-Ḥaqq}$ Yaḥyā ibn al-Ḥusayn | $^{Abūʾl-ḤusaynAl-Hādīilāʾl-Ḥaqq}$ Yaḥyā ibn al-Ḥusayn | $^{Abūʾl-ḤusaynAl-Hādīilāʾl-Ḥaqq}$ Yaḥyā ibn al-Ḥusayn | $^{Abūʾl-ḤusaynAl-Hādīilāʾl-Ḥaqq}$ Yaḥyā ibn al-Ḥusayn | | | ʿAlī al-Muktafī $^{(17)}$ r. 902–908 | ʿAlī al-Muktafī $^{(17)}$ r. 902–908 | ʿAlī al-Muktafī $^{(17)}$ r. 902–908 | ʿAlī al-Muktafī $^{(17)}$ r. 902–908 | ʿAlī al-Muktafī $^{(17)}$ r. 902–908 | ʿAlī al-Muktafī $^{(17)}$ r. 902–908 | | | Jāʿfar al-Muqtadir $^{(18)}$ r. 908–929, 929–932 | Jāʿfar al-Muqtadir $^{(18)}$ r. 908–929, 929–932 | Jāʿfar al-Muqtadir $^{(18)}$ r. 908–929, 929–932 | Jāʿfar al-Muqtadir $^{(18)}$ r. 908–929, 929–932 | Jāʿfar al-Muqtadir $^{(18)}$ r. 908–929, 929–932 | Jāʿfar al-Muqtadir $^{(18)}$ r. 908–929, 929–932 | Muḥammad al-Qāhir $^{(19)}$ r. 929, 932–934 | Muḥammad al-Qāhir $^{(19)}$ r. 929, 932–934 | Muḥammad al-Qāhir $^{(19)}$ r. 929, 932–934 | Muḥammad al-Qāhir $^{(19)}$ r. 929, 932–934 | Muḥammad al-Qāhir $^{(19)}$ r. 929, 932–934 | Muḥammad al-Qāhir $^{(19)}$ r. 929, 932–934 | | | Jāʿfar al-Mufawwid 875–892 | Jāʿfar al-Mufawwid 875–892 | Jāʿfar al-Mufawwid 875–892 | Jāʿfar al-Mufawwid 875–892 | Jāʿfar al-Mufawwid 875–892 | Jāʿfar al-Mufawwid 875–892 |
| Zayd ibn al-Ḥasan al-Mujtabā ibn ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib | Zayd ibn al-Ḥasan al-Mujtabā ibn ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib | Zayd ibn al-Ḥasan al-Mujtabā ibn ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib | Zayd ibn al-Ḥasan al-Mujtabā ibn ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib | Zayd ibn al-Ḥasan al-Mujtabā ibn ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib | Zayd ibn al-Ḥasan al-Mujtabā ibn ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib | | | ʿAbd Allāh al-Mustakfī $^{(22)}$ r. 944–946 | ʿAbd Allāh al-Mustakfī $^{(22)}$ r. 944–946 | ʿAbd Allāh al-Mustakfī $^{(22)}$ r. 944–946 | ʿAbd Allāh al-Mustakfī $^{(22)}$ r. 944–946 | ʿAbd Allāh al-Mustakfī $^{(22)}$ r. 944–946 | ʿAbd Allāh al-Mustakfī $^{(22)}$ r. 944–946 | | | Al-Faḍl al-Mutīʿ $^{(23)}$ r. 946–974 | Al-Faḍl al-Mutīʿ $^{(23)}$ r. 946–974 | Al-Faḍl al-Mutīʿ $^{(23)}$ r. 946–974 | Al-Faḍl al-Mutīʿ $^{(23)}$ r. 946–974 | Al-Faḍl al-Mutīʿ $^{(23)}$ r. 946–974 | Al-Faḍl al-Mutīʿ $^{(23)}$ r. 946–974 | | | Ishāq ibn Jāʿfar al-Muqtadir | Ishāq ibn Jāʿfar al-Muqtadir | Ishāq ibn Jāʿfar al-Muqtadir | Ishāq ibn Jāʿfar al-Muqtadir | Ishāq ibn Jāʿfar al-Muqtadir | Ishāq ibn Jāʿfar al-Muqtadir | Muḥammad al-Rādī $^{(20)}$ r. 934–940 | Muḥammad al-Rādī $^{(20)}$ r. 934–940 | Muḥammad al-Rādī $^{(20)}$ r. 934–940 | Muḥammad al-Rādī $^{(20)}$ r. 934–940 | Muḥammad al-Rādī $^{(20)}$ r. 934–940 | Muḥammad al-Rādī $^{(20)}$ r. 934–940 | | | Ībrāhīm al-Muttaqī $^{(21)}$ r. 940–944 | Ībrāhīm al-Muttaqī $^{(21)}$ r. 940–944 | Ībrāhīm al-Muttaqī $^{(21)}$ r. 940–944 | Ībrāhīm al-Muttaqī $^{(21)}$ r. 940–944 | Ībrāhīm al-Muttaqī $^{(21)}$ r. 940–944 | Ībrāhīm al-Muttaqī $^{(21)}$ r. 940–944 |
| Ḥasan ibn Zayd ibn al-Ḥasan al-Mujtabā ibn ʿAlīyyū'l-Murtaḍžā | Ḥasan ibn Zayd ibn al-Ḥasan al-Mujtabā ibn ʿAlīyyū'l-Murtaḍžā | Ḥasan ibn Zayd ibn al-Ḥasan al-Mujtabā ibn ʿAlīyyū'l-Murtaḍžā | Ḥasan ibn Zayd ibn al-Ḥasan al-Mujtabā ibn ʿAlīyyū'l-Murtaḍžā | Ḥasan ibn Zayd ibn al-Ḥasan al-Mujtabā ibn ʿAlīyyū'l-Murtaḍžā | Ḥasan ibn Zayd ibn al-Ḥasan al-Mujtabā ibn ʿAlīyyū'l-Murtaḍžā | | | ʿUmar al-Ashraf ibn ʿAlī Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn ibn al-Ḥusayn | ʿUmar al-Ashraf ibn ʿAlī Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn ibn al-Ḥusayn | ʿUmar al-Ashraf ibn ʿAlī Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn ibn al-Ḥusayn | ʿUmar al-Ashraf ibn ʿAlī Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn ibn al-Ḥusayn | ʿUmar al-Ashraf ibn ʿAlī Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn ibn al-Ḥusayn | ʿUmar al-Ashraf ibn ʿAlī Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn ibn al-Ḥusayn | | | ʿAbd al-Karīm al-Ṭāʾiʿ $^{(24)}$ r. 974–991 | ʿAbd al-Karīm al-Ṭāʾiʿ $^{(24)}$ r. 974–991 | ʿAbd al-Karīm al-Ṭāʾiʿ $^{(24)}$ r. 974–991 | ʿAbd al-Karīm al-Ṭāʾiʿ $^{(24)}$ r. 974–991 | ʿAbd al-Karīm al-Ṭāʾiʿ $^{(24)}$ r. 974–991 | ʿAbd al-Karīm al-Ṭāʾiʿ $^{(24)}$ r. 974–991 | | | Aḥmad al-Qāʿdīr $^{(25)}$ r. 991–1031 | Aḥmad al-Qāʿdīr $^{(25)}$ r. 991–1031 | Aḥmad al-Qāʿdīr $^{(25)}$ r. 991–1031 | Aḥmad al-Qāʿdīr $^{(25)}$ r. 991–1031 | Aḥmad al-Qāʿdīr $^{(25)}$ r. 991–1031 | Aḥmad al-Qāʿdīr $^{(25)}$ r. 991–1031 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Ismāʿīl ibn Ḥasan ibn Zayd ibn al-Ḥasan al-Mujtabā | Ismāʿīl ibn Ḥasan ibn Zayd ibn al-Ḥasan al-Mujtabā | Ismāʿīl ibn Ḥasan ibn Zayd ibn al-Ḥasan al-Mujtabā | Ismāʿīl ibn Ḥasan ibn Zayd ibn al-Ḥasan al-Mujtabā | Ismāʿīl ibn Ḥasan ibn Zayd ibn al-Ḥasan al-Mujtabā | Ismāʿīl ibn Ḥasan ibn Zayd ibn al-Ḥasan al-Mujtabā | | | ʿAlī ibn ʿUmar al-Ashraf ibn ʿAlī Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn | ʿAlī ibn ʿUmar al-Ashraf ibn ʿAlī Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn | ʿAlī ibn ʿUmar al-Ashraf ibn ʿAlī Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn | ʿAlī ibn ʿUmar al-Ashraf ibn ʿAlī Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn | ʿAlī ibn ʿUmar al-Ashraf ibn ʿAlī Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn | ʿAlī ibn ʿUmar al-Ashraf ibn ʿAlī Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn | | | Al-Ḥusayn Dhu'l-Dam'a ibn Zayd ibn ʿAlī Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn | Al-Ḥusayn Dhu'l-Dam'a ibn Zayd ibn ʿAlī Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn | Al-Ḥusayn Dhu'l-Dam'a ibn Zayd ibn ʿAlī Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn | Al-Ḥusayn Dhu'l-Dam'a ibn Zayd ibn ʿAlī Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn | Al-Ḥusayn Dhu'l-Dam'a ibn Zayd ibn ʿAlī Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn | Al-Ḥusayn Dhu'l-Dam'a ibn Zayd ibn ʿAlī Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn | | | ʿAbd Allāh al-Qāʿīm $^{(26)}$ r. 1031–1075 | ʿAbd Allāh al-Qāʿīm $^{(26)}$ r. 1031–1075 | ʿAbd Allāh al-Qāʿīm $^{(26)}$ r. 1031–1075 | ʿAbd Allāh al-Qāʿīm $^{(26)}$ r. 1031–1075 | ʿAbd Allāh al-Qāʿīm $^{(26)}$ r. 1031–1075 | ʿAbd Allāh al-Qāʿīm $^{(26)}$ r. 1031–1075 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Muḥammad ibn Ismāʿīl ibn Ḥasan ibn Zayd | Muḥammad ibn Ismāʿīl ibn Ḥasan ibn Zayd | Muḥammad ibn Ismāʿīl ibn Ḥasan ibn Zayd | Muḥammad ibn Ismāʿīl ibn Ḥasan ibn Zayd | Muḥammad ibn Ismāʿīl ibn Ḥasan ibn Zayd | Muḥammad ibn Ismāʿīl ibn Ḥasan ibn Zayd | | | Al-Ḥasan ibn ʿAlī ibn ʿUmar al-Ashraf | Al-Ḥasan ibn ʿAlī ibn ʿUmar al-Ashraf | Al-Ḥasan ibn ʿAlī ibn ʿUmar al-Ashraf | Al-Ḥasan ibn ʿAlī ibn ʿUmar al-Ashraf | Al-Ḥasan ibn ʿAlī ibn ʿUmar al-Ashraf | Al-Ḥasan ibn ʿAlī ibn ʿUmar al-Ashraf | | | Yaḥyā ibn al-Ḥusayn Dhu'l-Dam'a ibn Zayd | Yaḥyā ibn al-Ḥusayn Dhu'l-Dam'a ibn Zayd | Yaḥyā ibn al-Ḥusayn Dhu'l-Dam'a ibn Zayd | Yaḥyā ibn al-Ḥusayn Dhu'l-Dam'a ibn Zayd | Yaḥyā ibn al-Ḥusayn Dhu'l-Dam'a ibn Zayd | Yaḥyā ibn al-Ḥusayn Dhu'l-Dam'a ibn Zayd | | | Muḥammad Dhakīrat ad-Dīn 1039–1056 | Muḥammad Dhakīrat ad-Dīn 1039–1056 | Muḥammad Dhakīrat ad-Dīn 1039–1056 | Muḥammad Dhakīrat ad-Dīn 1039–1056 | Muḥammad Dhakīrat ad-Dīn 1039–1056 | Muḥammad Dhakīrat ad-Dīn 1039–1056 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Zayd ibn Muḥammad ibn Ismāʿīl ibn Ḥasan | Zayd ibn Muḥammad ibn Ismāʿīl ibn Ḥasan | Zayd ibn Muḥammad ibn Ismāʿīl ibn Ḥasan | Zayd ibn Muḥammad ibn Ismāʿīl ibn Ḥasan | Zayd ibn Muḥammad ibn Ismāʿīl ibn Ḥasan | Zayd ibn Muḥammad ibn Ismāʿīl ibn Ḥasan | | | ʿAlī ibn al-Ḥasan ibn ʿAlī ibn ʿUmar al-Ashraf | ʿAlī ibn al-Ḥasan ibn ʿAlī ibn ʿUmar al-Ashraf | ʿAlī ibn al-Ḥasan ibn ʿAlī ibn ʿUmar al-Ashraf | ʿAlī ibn al-Ḥasan ibn ʿAlī ibn ʿUmar al-Ashraf | ʿAlī ibn al-Ḥasan ibn ʿAlī ibn ʿUmar al-Ashraf | ʿAlī ibn al-Ḥasan ibn ʿAlī ibn ʿUmar al-Ashraf | | | ʿUmar ibn Yaḥyā ibn al-Ḥusayn Dhu'l-Dam'a | ʿUmar ibn Yaḥyā ibn al-Ḥusayn Dhu'l-Dam'a | ʿUmar ibn Yaḥyā ibn al-Ḥusayn Dhu'l-Dam'a | ʿUmar ibn Yaḥyā ibn al-Ḥusayn Dhu'l-Dam'a | ʿUmar ibn Yaḥyā ibn al-Ḥusayn Dhu'l-Dam'a | ʿUmar ibn Yaḥyā ibn al-Ḥusayn Dhu'l-Dam'a | | | ʿAbd Allāh al-Mūqtādī $^{(27)}$ r. 1075–1094 | ʿAbd Allāh al-Mūqtādī $^{(27)}$ r. 1075–1094 | ʿAbd Allāh al-Mūqtādī $^{(27)}$ r. 1075–1094 | ʿAbd Allāh al-Mūqtādī $^{(27)}$ r. 1075–1094 | ʿAbd Allāh al-Mūqtādī $^{(27)}$ r. 1075–1094 | ʿAbd Allāh al-Mūqtādī $^{(27)}$ r. 1075–1094 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| $^{Al-Dāʿīal-Kabīr}$ Hasan ibn Zayd | $^{Al-Dāʿīal-Kabīr}$ Hasan ibn Zayd | $^{Al-Dāʿīal-Kabīr}$ Hasan ibn Zayd | $^{Al-Dāʿīal-Kabīr}$ Hasan ibn Zayd | $^{Al-Dāʿīal-Kabīr}$ Hasan ibn Zayd | $^{Al-Dāʿīal-Kabīr}$ Hasan ibn Zayd | | | $^{Al-Dāʿīal-Ṣaghīr}$ Muhammad ibn Zayd | $^{Al-Dāʿīal-Ṣaghīr}$ Muhammad ibn Zayd | $^{Al-Dāʿīal-Ṣaghīr}$ Muhammad ibn Zayd | $^{Al-Dāʿīal-Ṣaghīr}$ Muhammad ibn Zayd | $^{Al-Dāʿīal-Ṣaghīr}$ Muhammad ibn Zayd | $^{Al-Dāʿīal-Ṣaghīr}$ Muhammad ibn Zayd | | | Yaḥyā ibn ʿUmar | Yaḥyā ibn ʿUmar | Yaḥyā ibn ʿUmar | Yaḥyā ibn ʿUmar | Yaḥyā ibn ʿUmar | Yaḥyā ibn ʿUmar | | | Aḥmad al-Mūstāzhīr $^{(28)}$ r. 1094–1118 | Aḥmad al-Mūstāzhīr $^{(28)}$ r. 1094–1118 | Aḥmad al-Mūstāzhīr $^{(28)}$ r. 1094–1118 | Aḥmad al-Mūstāzhīr $^{(28)}$ r. 1094–1118 | Aḥmad al-Mūstāzhīr $^{(28)}$ r. 1094–1118 | Aḥmad al-Mūstāzhīr $^{(28)}$ r. 1094–1118 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | $^{Al-Nāṣirliʾl-Ḥāqq}$ Hasan al-Utrush | $^{Al-Nāṣirliʾl-Ḥāqq}$ Hasan al-Utrush | $^{Al-Nāṣirliʾl-Ḥāqq}$ Hasan al-Utrush | $^{Al-Nāṣirliʾl-Ḥāqq}$ Hasan al-Utrush | $^{Al-Nāṣirliʾl-Ḥāqq}$ Hasan al-Utrush | $^{Al-Nāṣirliʾl-Ḥāqq}$ Hasan al-Utrush | | | | | | | Al-Faḍl al-Mūstārshīd $^{(29)}$ r. 1118–1135 | Al-Faḍl al-Mūstārshīd $^{(29)}$ r. 1118–1135 | Al-Faḍl al-Mūstārshīd $^{(29)}$ r. 1118–1135 | Al-Faḍl al-Mūstārshīd $^{(29)}$ r. 1118–1135 | Al-Faḍl al-Mūstārshīd $^{(29)}$ r. 1118–1135 | Al-Faḍl al-Mūstārshīd $^{(29)}$ r. 1118–1135 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Al-Mānṣūr al-Rāshīd $^{(30)}$ r. 1135–1136 | Al-Mānṣūr al-Rāshīd $^{(30)}$ r. 1135–1136 | Al-Mānṣūr al-Rāshīd $^{(30)}$ r. 1135–1136 | Al-Mānṣūr al-Rāshīd $^{(30)}$ r. 1135–1136 | Al-Mānṣūr al-Rāshīd $^{(30)}$ r. 1135–1136 | Al-Mānṣūr al-Rāshīd $^{(30)}$ r. 1135–1136 | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | Muḥammad al-Mūqtāfī $^{(31)}$ r. 1136–1160 | Muḥammad al-Mūqtāfī $^{(31)}$ r. 1136–1160 | Muḥammad al-Mūqtāfī $^{(31)}$ r. 1136–1160 | Muḥammad al-Mūqtāfī $^{(31)}$ r. 1136–1160 | Muḥammad al-Mūqtāfī $^{(31)}$ r. 1136–1160 | Muḥammad al-Mūqtāfī $^{(31)}$ r. 1136–1160 | | | | | | | Alī ibn al-Faḍl al-Qabī | Alī ibn al-Faḍl al-Qabī | Alī ibn al-Faḍl al-Qabī | Alī ibn al-Faḍl al-Qabī | Alī ibn al-Faḍl al-Qabī | Alī ibn al-Faḍl al-Qabī | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | Yūsuf al-Mūstānjīd $^{(32)}$ r. 1160–1170 | Yūsuf al-Mūstānjīd $^{(32)}$ r. 1160–1170 | Yūsuf al-Mūstānjīd $^{(32)}$ r. 1160–1170 | Yūsuf al-Mūstānjīd $^{(32)}$ r. 1160–1170 | Yūsuf al-Mūstānjīd $^{(32)}$ r. 1160–1170 | Yūsuf al-Mūstānjīd $^{(32)}$ r. 1160–1170 | | | | | | | al-Hāsān ibn Alī | al-Hāsān ibn Alī | al-Hāsān ibn Alī | al-Hāsān ibn Alī | al-Hāsān ibn Alī | al-Hāsān ibn Alī | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | Al-Hāssān al-Mūstādī' $^{(33)}$ r. 1170–1180 | Al-Hāssān al-Mūstādī' $^{(33)}$ r. 1170–1180 | Al-Hāssān al-Mūstādī' $^{(33)}$ r. 1170–1180 | Al-Hāssān al-Mūstādī' $^{(33)}$ r. 1170–1180 | Al-Hāssān al-Mūstādī' $^{(33)}$ r. 1170–1180 | Al-Hāssān al-Mūstādī' $^{(33)}$ r. 1170–1180 | | | | | | | Abū Bakr ibn al-Hāsān | Abū Bakr ibn al-Hāsān | Abū Bakr ibn al-Hāsān | Abū Bakr ibn al-Hāsān | Abū Bakr ibn al-Hāsān | Abū Bakr ibn al-Hāsān | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | Aḥmad al-Nāsīr $^{(34)}$ r. 1180–1225 | Aḥmad al-Nāsīr $^{(34)}$ r. 1180–1225 | Aḥmad al-Nāsīr $^{(34)}$ r. 1180–1225 | Aḥmad al-Nāsīr $^{(34)}$ r. 1180–1225 | Aḥmad al-Nāsīr $^{(34)}$ r. 1180–1225 | Aḥmad al-Nāsīr $^{(34)}$ r. 1180–1225 | | | | | | | Abi 'Alī al-Hāsān ibn Abū Bakr | Abi 'Alī al-Hāsān ibn Abū Bakr | Abi 'Alī al-Hāsān ibn Abū Bakr | Abi 'Alī al-Hāsān ibn Abū Bakr | Abi 'Alī al-Hāsān ibn Abū Bakr | Abi 'Alī al-Hāsān ibn Abū Bakr | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | Muḥammad az-Zāhīr $^{(35)}$ r. 1225–1226 | Muḥammad az-Zāhīr $^{(35)}$ r. 1225–1226 | Muḥammad az-Zāhīr $^{(35)}$ r. 1225–1226 | Muḥammad az-Zāhīr $^{(35)}$ r. 1225–1226 | Muḥammad az-Zāhīr $^{(35)}$ r. 1225–1226 | Muḥammad az-Zāhīr $^{(35)}$ r. 1225–1226 | | | Malīka'zZāhīr Rūkn ad-Dīn Baybars r. 1260–1277 | Malīka'zZāhīr Rūkn ad-Dīn Baybars r. 1260–1277 | Malīka'zZāhīr Rūkn ad-Dīn Baybars r. 1260–1277 | Malīka'zZāhīr Rūkn ad-Dīn Baybars r. 1260–1277 | Malīka'zZāhīr Rūkn ad-Dīn Baybars r. 1260–1277 | Malīka'zZāhīr Rūkn ad-Dīn Baybars r. 1260–1277 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | Al-Mānsūr al-Mūstānsīr $^{(36)}$ r. 1226–1242 | Al-Mānsūr al-Mūstānsīr $^{(36)}$ r. 1226–1242 | Al-Mānsūr al-Mūstānsīr $^{(36)}$ r. 1226–1242 | Al-Mānsūr al-Mūstānsīr $^{(36)}$ r. 1226–1242 | Al-Mānsūr al-Mūstānsīr $^{(36)}$ r. 1226–1242 | Al-Mānsūr al-Mūstānsīr $^{(36)}$ r. 1226–1242 | | | Abū'l-Qāsim Aḥmad al-Mūstānsīr $^{(1)}$ r. 1261 | Abū'l-Qāsim Aḥmad al-Mūstānsīr $^{(1)}$ r. 1261 | Abū'l-Qāsim Aḥmad al-Mūstānsīr $^{(1)}$ r. 1261 | Abū'l-Qāsim Aḥmad al-Mūstānsīr $^{(1)}$ r. 1261 | Abū'l-Qāsim Aḥmad al-Mūstānsīr $^{(1)}$ r. 1261 | Abū'l-Qāsim Aḥmad al-Mūstānsīr $^{(1)}$ r. 1261 | | | Abū'l-ʿAbbās Aḥmad al-Hakim I $^{(2)}$ r. 1262–1302 | Abū'l-ʿAbbās Aḥmad al-Hakim I $^{(2)}$ r. 1262–1302 | Abū'l-ʿAbbās Aḥmad al-Hakim I $^{(2)}$ r. 1262–1302 | Abū'l-ʿAbbās Aḥmad al-Hakim I $^{(2)}$ r. 1262–1302 | Abū'l-ʿAbbās Aḥmad al-Hakim I $^{(2)}$ r. 1262–1302 | Abū'l-ʿAbbās Aḥmad al-Hakim I $^{(2)}$ r. 1262–1302 |
| | | | | | | | | ʿAbd Allāh al-Mūstā'sīm $^{(37)}$ r. 1242–1258 | ʿAbd Allāh al-Mūstā'sīm $^{(37)}$ r. 1242–1258 | ʿAbd Allāh al-Mūstā'sīm $^{(37)}$ r. 1242–1258 | ʿAbd Allāh al-Mūstā'sīm $^{(37)}$ r. 1242–1258 | ʿAbd Allāh al-Mūstā'sīm $^{(37)}$ r. 1242–1258 | ʿAbd Allāh al-Mūstā'sīm $^{(37)}$ r. 1242–1258 | | | | | | | | | | | Abū'r-Rabīʿ Sulaymān al-Mustakfī I $^{(3)}$ r. 1302–1340 | Abū'r-Rabīʿ Sulaymān al-Mustakfī I $^{(3)}$ r. 1302–1340 | Abū'r-Rabīʿ Sulaymān al-Mustakfī I $^{(3)}$ r. 1302–1340 | Abū'r-Rabīʿ Sulaymān al-Mustakfī I $^{(3)}$ r. 1302–1340 | Abū'r-Rabīʿ Sulaymān al-Mustakfī I $^{(3)}$ r. 1302–1340 | Abū'r-Rabīʿ Sulaymān al-Mustakfī I $^{(3)}$ r. 1302–1340 | | | | | Aḥmad ibn Aḥmad al-Ḥākim bi-amr Allāh | Aḥmad ibn Aḥmad al-Ḥākim bi-amr Allāh | Aḥmad ibn Aḥmad al-Ḥākim bi-amr Allāh | Aḥmad ibn Aḥmad al-Ḥākim bi-amr Allāh | Aḥmad ibn Aḥmad al-Ḥākim bi-amr Allāh | Aḥmad ibn Aḥmad al-Ḥākim bi-amr Allāh |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | Abū'l-ʿAbbās Aḥmad al-Hakim II $^{(5)}$ r. 1341–1352 | Abū'l-ʿAbbās Aḥmad al-Hakim II $^{(5)}$ r. 1341–1352 | Abū'l-ʿAbbās Aḥmad al-Hakim II $^{(5)}$ r. 1341–1352 | Abū'l-ʿAbbās Aḥmad al-Hakim II $^{(5)}$ r. 1341–1352 | Abū'l-ʿAbbās Aḥmad al-Hakim II $^{(5)}$ r. 1341–1352 | Abū'l-ʿAbbās Aḥmad al-Hakim II $^{(5)}$ r. 1341–1352 | | | | | | | Abū'l-Fatḥ Abū Bakr al-Mu'tadid I $^{(6)}$ r. 1352–1362 | Abū'l-Fatḥ Abū Bakr al-Mu'tadid I $^{(6)}$ r. 1352–1362 | Abū'l-Fatḥ Abū Bakr al-Mu'tadid I $^{(6)}$ r. 1352–1362 | Abū'l-Fatḥ Abū Bakr al-Mu'tadid I $^{(6)}$ r. 1352–1362 | Abū'l-Fatḥ Abū Bakr al-Mu'tadid I $^{(6)}$ r. 1352–1362 | Abū'l-Fatḥ Abū Bakr al-Mu'tadid I $^{(6)}$ r. 1352–1362 | | | | | Abū Isḥāq Ibrāhīm al-Wāṯiq I $^{(4)}$ r. 1340–1341 | Abū Isḥāq Ibrāhīm al-Wāṯiq I $^{(4)}$ r. 1340–1341 | Abū Isḥāq Ibrāhīm al-Wāṯiq I $^{(4)}$ r. 1340–1341 | Abū Isḥāq Ibrāhīm al-Wāṯiq I $^{(4)}$ r. 1340–1341 | Abū Isḥāq Ibrāhīm al-Wāṯiq I $^{(4)}$ r. 1340–1341 | Abū Isḥāq Ibrāhīm al-Wāṯiq I $^{(4)}$ r. 1340–1341 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Abū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad al-Mutawakkil I $^{(7)}$ r. 1362–1377, 1377–1383, 1389–1406 | Abū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad al-Mutawakkil I $^{(7)}$ r. 1362–1377, 1377–1383, 1389–1406 | Abū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad al-Mutawakkil I $^{(7)}$ r. 1362–1377, 1377–1383, 1389–1406 | Abū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad al-Mutawakkil I $^{(7)}$ r. 1362–1377, 1377–1383, 1389–1406 | Abū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad al-Mutawakkil I $^{(7)}$ r. 1362–1377, 1377–1383, 1389–1406 | Abū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad al-Mutawakkil I $^{(7)}$ r. 1362–1377, 1377–1383, 1389–1406 | Abū Yāḥyā Zakariyāʾ al-Musta'sim $^{(8)}$ r. 1377, 1386–1389 | Abū Yāḥyā Zakariyāʾ al-Musta'sim $^{(8)}$ r. 1377, 1386–1389 | Abū Yāḥyā Zakariyāʾ al-Musta'sim $^{(8)}$ r. 1377, 1386–1389 | Abū Yāḥyā Zakariyāʾ al-Musta'sim $^{(8)}$ r. 1377, 1386–1389 | Abū Yāḥyā Zakariyāʾ al-Musta'sim $^{(8)}$ r. 1377, 1386–1389 | Abū Yāḥyā Zakariyāʾ al-Musta'sim $^{(8)}$ r. 1377, 1386–1389 | | | Abū Ḥafs ʿUmar al-Wāṯiq II $^{(9)}$ r. 1383–1386 | Abū Ḥafs ʿUmar al-Wāṯiq II $^{(9)}$ r. 1383–1386 | Abū Ḥafs ʿUmar al-Wāṯiq II $^{(9)}$ r. 1383–1386 | Abū Ḥafs ʿUmar al-Wāṯiq II $^{(9)}$ r. 1383–1386 | Abū Ḥafs ʿUmar al-Wāṯiq II $^{(9)}$ r. 1383–1386 | Abū Ḥafs ʿUmar al-Wāṯiq II $^{(9)}$ r. 1383–1386 |
| Abū'l-Faḍl al-ʿAbbās al-Musta'īn $^{(10)}$ r. 1406–1414 Sultan of Egypt r. 1412 | Abū'l-Faḍl al-ʿAbbās al-Musta'īn $^{(10)}$ r. 1406–1414 Sultan of Egypt r. 1412 | Abū'l-Faḍl al-ʿAbbās al-Musta'īn $^{(10)}$ r. 1406–1414 Sultan of Egypt r. 1412 | Abū'l-Faḍl al-ʿAbbās al-Musta'īn $^{(10)}$ r. 1406–1414 Sultan of Egypt r. 1412 | Abū'l-Faḍl al-ʿAbbās al-Musta'īn $^{(10)}$ r. 1406–1414 Sultan of Egypt r. 1412 | Abū'l-Faḍl al-ʿAbbās al-Musta'īn $^{(10)}$ r. 1406–1414 Sultan of Egypt r. 1412 | | | Abū'l-Fatḥ Dāwud al-Mu'tadīd II $^{(11)}$ r. 1414–1441 | Abū'l-Fatḥ Dāwud al-Mu'tadīd II $^{(11)}$ r. 1414–1441 | Abū'l-Fatḥ Dāwud al-Mu'tadīd II $^{(11)}$ r. 1414–1441 | Abū'l-Fatḥ Dāwud al-Mu'tadīd II $^{(11)}$ r. 1414–1441 | Abū'l-Fatḥ Dāwud al-Mu'tadīd II $^{(11)}$ r. 1414–1441 | Abū'l-Fatḥ Dāwud al-Mu'tadīd II $^{(11)}$ r. 1414–1441 | | | Abū'r-Rabīʿ Sulaymān al-Mustakfī II $^{(12)}$ r. 1441–1451 | Abū'r-Rabīʿ Sulaymān al-Mustakfī II $^{(12)}$ r. 1441–1451 | Abū'r-Rabīʿ Sulaymān al-Mustakfī II $^{(12)}$ r. 1441–1451 | Abū'r-Rabīʿ Sulaymān al-Mustakfī II $^{(12)}$ r. 1441–1451 | Abū'r-Rabīʿ Sulaymān al-Mustakfī II $^{(12)}$ r. 1441–1451 | Abū'r-Rabīʿ Sulaymān al-Mustakfī II $^{(12)}$ r. 1441–1451 | | | Yaʿqūb ibn Muḥammad al-Mutawakkil ʿalā'Llāh | Yaʿqūb ibn Muḥammad al-Mutawakkil ʿalā'Llāh | Yaʿqūb ibn Muḥammad al-Mutawakkil ʿalā'Llāh | Yaʿqūb ibn Muḥammad al-Mutawakkil ʿalā'Llāh | Yaʿqūb ibn Muḥammad al-Mutawakkil ʿalā'Llāh | Yaʿqūb ibn Muḥammad al-Mutawakkil ʿalā'Llāh | Abū'l-Baqāʾ Ḥamza al-Qāʾim $^{(13)}$ r. 1451–1455 | Abū'l-Baqāʾ Ḥamza al-Qāʾim $^{(13)}$ r. 1451–1455 | Abū'l-Baqāʾ Ḥamza al-Qāʾim $^{(13)}$ r. 1451–1455 | Abū'l-Baqāʾ Ḥamza al-Qāʾim $^{(13)}$ r. 1451–1455 | Abū'l-Baqāʾ Ḥamza al-Qāʾim $^{(13)}$ r. 1451–1455 | Abū'l-Baqāʾ Ḥamza al-Qāʾim $^{(13)}$ r. 1451–1455 | | | Abū'l-Maḥāsin Yūsuf al-Mustanjid $^{(14)}$ r. 1455–1479 | Abū'l-Maḥāsin Yūsuf al-Mustanjid $^{(14)}$ r. 1455–1479 | Abū'l-Maḥāsin Yūsuf al-Mustanjid $^{(14)}$ r. 1455–1479 | Abū'l-Maḥāsin Yūsuf al-Mustanjid $^{(14)}$ r. 1455–1479 | Abū'l-Maḥāsin Yūsuf al-Mustanjid $^{(14)}$ r. 1455–1479 | Abū'l-Maḥāsin Yūsuf al-Mustanjid $^{(14)}$ r. 1455–1479 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Abū'l-ʿIzz ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz al-Mutawakkil II $^{(15)}$ r. 1479–1497 | Abū'l-ʿIzz ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz al-Mutawakkil II $^{(15)}$ r. 1479–1497 | Abū'l-ʿIzz ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz al-Mutawakkil II $^{(15)}$ r. 1479–1497 | Abū'l-ʿIzz ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz al-Mutawakkil II $^{(15)}$ r. 1479–1497 | Abū'l-ʿIzz ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz al-Mutawakkil II $^{(15)}$ r. 1479–1497 | Abū'l-ʿIzz ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz al-Mutawakkil II $^{(15)}$ r. 1479–1497 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Abū'ṣ-Ṣabr Yaʿqūb al-Mustamsik $^{(16)}$ r. 1497–1508, 1516–1517 | Abū'ṣ-Ṣabr Yaʿqūb al-Mustamsik $^{(16)}$ r. 1497–1508, 1516–1517 | Abū'ṣ-Ṣabr Yaʿqūb al-Mustamsik $^{(16)}$ r. 1497–1508, 1516–1517 | Abū'ṣ-Ṣabr Yaʿqūb al-Mustamsik $^{(16)}$ r. 1497–1508, 1516–1517 | Abū'ṣ-Ṣabr Yaʿqūb al-Mustamsik $^{(16)}$ r. 1497–1508, 1516–1517 | Abū'ṣ-Ṣabr Yaʿqūb al-Mustamsik $^{(16)}$ r. 1497–1508, 1516–1517 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Muḥammad al-Mutawakkil III $^{(17)}$ r. 1508–1516, 1517 | Muḥammad al-Mutawakkil III $^{(17)}$ r. 1508–1516, 1517 | Muḥammad al-Mutawakkil III $^{(17)}$ r. 1508–1516, 1517 | Muḥammad al-Mutawakkil III $^{(17)}$ r. 1508–1516, 1517 | Muḥammad al-Mutawakkil III $^{(17)}$ r. 1508–1516, 1517 | Muḥammad al-Mutawakkil III $^{(17)}$ r. 1508–1516, 1517 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

## Footnotes

* 1 2 Lewis 2012.
* 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Buhl 2012.
* ↑ Gifis 2018.
* 1 2 3 Gleave 2008.
* ↑ Qutbuddin 2006.
* ↑ Crone 2005, p. 77.
* ↑ Calmard 1982.
* 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Madelung 2004.
* ↑ Shah-Kazemi 2006, p. 37.
* ↑ Momen 1985, p. 25.
* ↑ Wellhausen 1901, p. 18.
* ↑ Veccia Vaglieri 2012a.
* 1 2 3 Qutbuddin 2005, p. 9937.
* 1 2 Madelung 2003.
* ↑ Madelung 1997, p. 331.
* 1 2 3 Momen 1985, p. 28.
* ↑ Jafri 1979, p. 158.
* 1 2 Pinault 2000, p. 70.
* 1 2 Aghaie 2007, p. 117.
* ↑ Madelung 1997, p. 332.
* ↑ Ayoub 1978, p. 98.
* ↑ Munson 1988, pp. 22–23.
* ↑ Tabatabai 1975, pp. 175, 188.
* 1 2 3 Dakake 2007, p. 96.
* 1 2 3 Balyuzi 2002, p. 200.
* 1 2 3 4 Momen 1985, p. 36.
* 1 2 Momen 1985, p. 35.
* 1 2 Daftary 2015, p. 173.
* ↑ Hawting 2000, p. 51.
* ↑ Haider 2019, p. 267.
* ↑ Dakake 2007, p. 97.
* ↑ Momen 1985, p. 47.
* ↑ Dakake 2007, pp. 97–98.
* ↑ Madelung 2012.
* ↑ Küng 2007, p. 200.
* 1 2 3 4 5 6 Lalani 2000, p. 33.
* ↑ Hawting 2000, p. 53.
* ↑ Haider 2019, p. 43.
* ↑ Haider 2019, p. 32.
* ↑ Aghaie 2004, pp. 8–9.
* ↑ Momen 1985, p. 30.
* 1 2 Bahramian 2015.
* ↑ Calmard 1985.
* ↑ Haider 2019, pp. 44–45.
* 1 2 Haider 2019, p. 270.
* 1 2 Haider 2019, pp. 270–271.
* ↑ Küng 2007, pp. 199–200.
* ↑ Amir-Moezzi & Jambet 2018, p. 38n9.
* ↑ Lalani 2000, pp. 34–35.
* 1 2 Lalani 2000, p. 34.
* 1 2 Hawting 2000, p. 52.
* ↑ Lalani 2000, p. 11.
* 1 2 Daftary 2013, p. 39.
* ↑ Sharon 1983, p. 116.
* 1 2 Daftary 2015, p. 175.
* ↑ Sachedina 1981, p. 9.
* ↑ Crone & Hinds 2003, p. 103.
* ↑ Sharon 1983, pp. 116–117.
* ↑ Haider 2014, p. 38.
* ↑ Dakake 2007, p. 5.
* ↑ Daftary 2013, p. 37.
* ↑ Momen 1985, p. 37.
* ↑ Hawting 2000, pp. 52–53.
* ↑ Haider 2014.
* 1 2 3 Hawting 2000, p. 110.
* ↑ Crone 2005, p. 91.
* ↑ Crone 2005, pp. 91–92.
* ↑ Daftary 2008.
* ↑ Momen 1985, p. 71.
* ↑ Momen 1985, p. 69.

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Muhammad ibn al-Hanafiyya of the Ahl al-BaytBanu HashimClan of the Banu QuraishBorn: ≈ AD 633  Died: ≈ 700 :
| Shia Islam titles |||
| Preceded byHusayn ibn Ali | 4th Imam of Kaysanites Shia 681–? | Succeeded byAbu Hashim |
vteIslamic theology :
FieldsTheologiansBooks :
Islamic schools and branches :