OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Carbon Retirement

Carbon Retirement Ltd is a social enterprise which provides carbon offsetting services by the method of carbon retirement. The company sells offset credits which are approved by the UK Government's Quality Assurance Scheme for Carbon Offsetting.[citation needed]

## Corporate background

Carbon Retirement Ltd was founded, in 2008, by Jane Burston and Dan Lewer. The company is based in Battersea, London, UK. The organisation publishes research and commentary on matters relating to carbon markets and climate change policy. Research reports have covered the use of voluntary carbon offsetting by FTSE 100 companies, the effectiveness of the Carbon Reduction Commitment, profits derived from auctions of EU Emissions Allowances, and alleged inefficiencies in the Clean Development Mechanism.
# John Plath

John Plath (born 17 March 1969; Gayndah, Queensland) is an Australian former rugby league footballer who played in the 1990s. He played in all of the Brisbane Broncos' first four grand final wins from the interchange bench and retired as the most-capped Bronco not to have played representative football.
Plath was a Queensland schoolboy rugby union representative in 1986/87. He played rugby league for Wynnum-Manly Seagulls before he was graded by the Brisbane Broncos from their Colts team in 1990. Plath also had a season with the London Crusaders in 1991-92.
His utility value saw him on the bench in the Broncos' inaugural grand final win in 1992. In the weeks following the grand final, Plath travelled with the Broncos to England, where he played from the interchange bench in the 1992 World Club Challenge against British champions Wigan, helping Brisbane become the first NSWRL club to win the match in Britain. The following year, he again played in the Broncos' grand final, helping them to a second consecutive premiership. He was a replacement player in Brisbane's 14-20 loss to Wigan in the 1994 World Club Challenge at Lang Park. Plath was also used from the bench in Brisbane's win over the Cronulla-Sutherland Sharks in the Broncos' Super League grand final for the 1997 Telstra Cup before keeping his big-game interchange reputation intact in a cameo role in the Broncos' 1998 NRL grand final win against the Canterbury Bulldogs.
After retiring from playing, Plath spent two years at Wynnum-Manly as a development officer and CEO.
In 2016, John Plath or "Plathy" as he is affectionately known returned to rugby union assisting in coaching the Wynnum Bugs. He also took on a special mentoring project at the club with the team's struggling players, giving them a name "The Red Rockets" to try to lift them out of their squalor.

## Personal life

Plath's son Max also played for Wynnum-Manly Seagulls and was signed by the Dolphins (NRL) in 2023. Plath’s youngest son Jordan Plath signed with the South Sydney Rabbitohs NSW Cup team.
# D. J. Reyburn

Daniel James Reyburn (born October 13, 1976) is an American Major League Baseball umpire. He wore uniform number 70 when he first came up to MLB, then changed to number 17 starting with the 2018 season, two years after the retirement of John Hirschbeck, who previously wore #17.

## Early life and education

Reyburn played center field for the Hope College Flying Dutchmen and graduated in December 1999 with a bachelor's degree in Sociology. In January 2000, he enrolled at the umpire school in Florida and graduated after five weeks of training.

## Umpiring career

Reyburn has been an umpire in the Midwest League (2002), Florida State League (2003), Eastern League (2004–2005) and Pacific Coast League (2006–2009). He has served as an MLB call-up umpire in 2008 and 2009. He worked the Taiwan qualifier of the 2013 World Baseball Classic in November 2012.
Reyburn was umpiring in the Dominican League in 2009-2010 when he became the center of media attention on January 16. He ejected Licey Tigers catcher Ronny Paulino for arguing balls and strikes, then was attacked by Licey manager José Offerman. Offerman had to be removed by the police and was banned for 3 years from the Dominican League for the assault.
# Thomas Fitzalan, 10th Earl of Arundel

Thomas Fitzalan otherwise Arundel, 10th Earl of Arundel, 7th Baron Maltravers (1450 – 25 October 1524) was the son of William Fitzalan, 9th Earl of Arundel, and Joan Neville, eldest daughter of Richard Neville, 5th Earl of Salisbury, and Alice Montagu, suo jure Countess of Salisbury. By his mother, he was a nephew of Warwick, the Kingmaker.

## Career

He was created a Knight of the Bath on 27 June 1461 at the coronation of Edward IV, and was elected to the Order of the Garter on 26 February 1474. As Lord Maltravers, he was one of the peers present at the coronation of Richard III on 6 July 1483, and in 1471 sat in Parliament as Lord Maltravers. In September 1486 he was godfather to Henry VII's elder son, Arthur, Prince of Wales, and on 25 November 1487 bore the Rod and Dove at the coronation of Elizabeth of York. He succeeded his father as Earl of Arundel in 1488. He was twice elected Lieutenant of the Order of the Garter, on 19 July 1489, and again in 1517. In 1489 he was appointed Warden of the New Forest. He was present, with all the other Garter Knights, at the meeting in 1520 between Henry VIII and Francis I of France now known as the Field of the Cloth of Gold.
He died on 25 October 1524 at Downly Park in Singleton, Sussex, aged 74, and was buried with his wife at the collegiate church at Arundel. His will, dated 12 October 1524, was proved on 29 November of that year.

## Marriage and issue

He married, shortly before 17 February 1466, Margaret Woodville (died before 4 August 1492), seventh daughter of Richard Woodville, 1st Earl Rivers, and a younger sister of Elizabeth Woodville, wife of Edward IV. Thomas and Margaret had two sons and two daughters:
* William Fitzalan, 11th Earl of Arundel.
* Edward Fitzalan.
* Margaret Fitzalan, who married John de la Pole, 1st Earl of Lincoln.
* Joan Fitzalan (died 14 November 1508), who married George Neville, 5th Baron Bergavenny. According to Hawkyard, the marriage was childless; however according to Richardson, there were two daughters of the marriage, Elizabeth Neville, who married Henry Daubeney, 1st Earl of Bridgewater, and Jane Neville, who married Henry Pole, 1st Baron Montagu.
# Kunyo Barrow

Kunyo Barrow (Maay: Kiunyo Baarow) is a town in the southern Middle Juba region of Somalia. It is situated around 257 km southwest of the capital Mogadishu.

## History

Beginning in February 2019, the United States launched airstrikes in Kunyo Barrow, killing a man and a 20-month-old child. As of October 2023, the town is under Al-Shabaab control.
On 24 December 2024, the United States launched an airstrike 10 km southwest of Kenya Barrow, killing two al-Shabaab militants, including the central figure Mohamed Mire.

## Demographics

Kunyo Barrow has a population of around 10,000 inhabitants. The town is predominantly inhabited by the Tunni clan sub-division of the Digil Rahanweyn Somalis.
# Sibling rivalry (disambiguation)

Sibling rivalry is a type of competition or animosity among brothers and sisters.
Sibling Rivalry may also refer to:

## Music

* Sibling Rivalry (The Doobie Brothers album)
* Sibling Rivalry (The Rowans album)
* Sibling Rivalry, a group featuring Joey Ramone
* "Sibling Rivalry", a track from the 1990 album The Simpsons Sing the Blues

## Film and television

* Sibling Rivalry (film), a 1990 comedy film
* "Sibling Rivalry" (Even Stevens), a 2001 television episode
* "Sibling Rivalry" (Family Guy), a 2006 television episode
* "Sibling Rivalry" (Shameless), a 2011 television episode
# John Williams (cricketer, born 1980)

John Charles Williams (born 8 November 1980) is a former English cricketer. Williams was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium pace. He was born at Weston-super-Mare, Somerset.
Williams represented the Somerset Cricket Board in a single List A match against Staffordshire in the 1st round of the 2000 NatWest Trophy at the Gorway Ground, Walsall. In his only List A match, he scored 10 runs.
# Blue Mountain Fire Observation Station

The Blue Mountain Fire Observation Station is a historic fire observation station located on Blue Mountain at Indian Lake in Hamilton County, New York. The station includes a 35-foot-tall (11 m), steel frame lookout tower built in 1917, an observer's cabin built in 1975, the remains of three observer's cabins, remains of a radar station built in the 1960s, and remnants of telephone lines along the foot trail. There are four contributing resources: the tower, trail, remnants of a 1949 observer's cabin, and 1890s stone benchmark. The tower is a prefabricated structure built by the Aermotor Corporation and provided a front line of defense in preserving the Adirondack Forest Preserve from the hazards of forest fires.
It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2001.
# Meja (disambiguation)

Meja is a Swedish composer, artist and singer born in 1969.
Meja may also refer to:

## Geography

* Meja, Allahabad district Meja Tehsil, a tehsil of Allahabad, India
* Meja Road, a district of an eastern Allahabad, and a railway station in India
* Meja Dam, on Kothari River Rajasthan
* Meja, Kranj, a settlement in the Upper Carniola region of Slovenia
* Meja, Kosovo, site of Meja massacre
* Rocca la Meja mountain in the Province of Cuneo, Piedmont, Italy

## People

* Meja Mwangi (born 1948), Kenyan novelist
* Daniel Meja, French ballet dancer

## Acronyms

* Methyl jasmonate or MeJA, volatile organic compound used in plant defense and many diverse developmental pathways such as seed germination
* Military Extraterritorial Jurisdiction Act
# Isakly, Russia

Isakly (Russian: Исаклы) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Isaklinsky District, Samara Oblast, Russia. Population: 4,334 (2010 Census); 4,451 (2002 Census); 4,632 (1989 Soviet census).
# Ihor Hatala

Ihor Tarasovych Hatala (Ukrainian: Ігор Тарасович Гатала; born 18 June 1998) is a Ukrainian professional footballer who plays as a left winger for Polish III liga club KS Wiązownica.
# Cookies: Bite-Size Life Lessons

Cookies: Bite-Size Life Lessons is a 2006 picture book by Amy Krouse Rosenthal intended to communicate life skills. Jane Dyer, who had previously illustrated Mem Fox's Time for Bed, illustrated Cookies with watercolor paintings of scenes such as picnics and old-fashioned kitchens. The book uses situations relating to cookies as a pretext for defining a variety of traits. Cookies is appropriate for children ages 4 to 8. The book made The New York Times Best Seller list. In The Winners! Handbook: A Closer Look at Judy Freeman's Top-rated Children's Books of 2006, Freeman describes Cookies as "old-fashioned sweet, without being cloying or didactic". In 2008, Rosenthal and Dyer released a sequel called Christmas Cookies: Bite-Size Holiday Lessons.
# Houndshill Shopping Centre

Houndshill Shopping Centre is an indoor shopping centre in Blackpool, Lancashire England; located in the centre of the town, with one entrance located opposite Blackpool Tower on Bank Hey Street.

## Centre Information

Construction on Houndshill began in 1978. A car park was also constructed above the shopping centre, spanning over 4 floors. It is the only indoor shopping centre in Blackpool.
In September 2008, a new extension was opened at a cost of over £30million; the extension featured Debenhams as the new flagship store and trebled the size of the shopping centre. The multistory car park was also expanded.
In 2019, the owners of Houndshill, BCC Eiffel went into receivership, putting the future of the centre into doubt; It was bought by Blackpool Council soon after for £47million.

## Stores

Stores within Houndshill include: JD, Next, Yours Clothing, Jack & Jones, River Island, Costa Coffee, New Look, Build-A-Bear Workshop, Deichmann, Footasylum, Superdrug, Pandora.
# Marco Lisei

Marco Lisei (born 15 March 1977) is an Italian politician serving as a member of the Senate since 2022. From 2020 to 2022, he was a member of the Legislative Assembly of Emilia-Romagna.
# Sodenberg

Sodenberg is a 481 m high basalt cone (German: basaltkegel), the remnant of an extinct volcanic crater, located in the Franconian Saale (German: Fränkische Saale), in the Bavarian region of Lower Franconia (German: Unterfranken). From its heights, it offers a panoramic view of the region extending from the ranges of the High Rhön to the Kreuzberg, as far as the Hassberge and the Steigerwald in the east, and the Spessart in the southwest.
A local Franconian tradition tells of Noah's Ark finally coming to rest on the slopes of Sodenberg. The fact that the names of many towns and villages in the surrounding area contain the names of animals within them, such as Ochsenthal (oxen), Morlesau (sow), Schweinfurt (pig), Hammelburg (sheep), Wolfsmünster (wolf), Fuchsstadt (fox), Hundsfeld (dog), Katzenbach (cat), Rossmühle (horse), Wittershausen (ram), Hassenbach (hare), Motten (moths), Schnackenwert (mosquitoes), and Geiersnest (vultures), may very well have had something to do with the origin of this somewhat fanciful version of the famous biblical story.

## Pictures

* Der Sodenberg von Schloss Saaleck
* Blick über den Gipfel zu den Rhönbergen
* Alter Kalksteinbruch mit blühender Schlehenhecke
* Die Sodenberg-Kapelle am Kraterrand
* Blick in den "Krater" (alter Basaltsteinbruch)
* Märzenbecher am Sodenberg
* Märzenbecher am Sodenberg
* Adonisröschen und Küchenschellen am Sodenberg
* Adonisröschen am Sodenberg
* Frühlings-Adonisröschen am Sodenberg
* This Bad Kissingen district location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Khvorostyanka, Samara Oblast

Khvorostyanka (Russian: Хворостянка) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Khvorostyansky District, Samara Oblast, Russia. Population: 5,161 (2010 Census); 4,937 (2002 Census); 4,258 (1989 Soviet census).
# 10th Street Gang

10th Street Gang also known as 1015 and MOB is a street gang located in Buffalo, New York and established themselves between Niagara Street and Richmond Avenue and Auburn Avenue and North and Carolina streets in Grant Ferry of the Upper West Side.

## History

The gang first formed in the 1980's in the original area of the Grant Ferry in the Upper West Side of Buffalo, New York as a multicultural gang though the gang is known to be hispanic. The gang started garnering infamy when they started having rivalries with a newly established gang, 7th Street gang, because the 7th Street gang was attempting to claim Auburn Avenue and Richmond Avenue as their territory, starting a gang war between them. The rivalry between the gangs exalted in the year of 2009 when gang violence was at an all-time high in the area with civilians being in the crossfire between the two gangs was also at an all-time high, specifically between the 10th Street gang and the 7th Street gang as throughout 2009 and 2012, both gangs would be involved in 38 homicides. In the territory of what 10th Street claims, members of the gang routinely guard the bordering areas of what the 10th Street claims.
In 2011, 27 members of the 10th Street Gang were arrested after an investigation concluded with Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act violations and some being charged with murders then later in September, 8 more gang members were arrested by federal agents.
# Eia's Christmas at Phantom Owl Farm

Eia's Christmas at Phantom Owl Farm (also titled Eia's Christmas Mission; Estonian: Eia jõulud Tondikakul) is a 2018 Estonian children's adventure film directed by Anu Aun.
The film revolves around Eia, a 10-year-old girl, who embarks on a Christmas holiday at a secluded farmstead located in Southern Estonia. During her stay, Eia becomes entangled in a series of challenges and exciting adventures. Her journey includes the task of saving an ancient and primeval forest from harm, as well as uncovering her family's most significant secret. As the story unfolds, Eia's determination and courage are tested, leading her to discover the power of friendship, nature, and her own inner strength.

## Cast

Cast:
* Paula Rits as Eia
* Siim Oskar Ots as Ats
* Liis Lemsalu as Jete
* Jaan Rekkor as Ott
* Märt Pius as Moorits
* Priit Pius as Laurits
* Priit Võigemast as Oskar
* Mirtel Pohla as Lilli
* Anne Reemann as Juuli
* Tõnu Oja as August
* Tambet Tuisk as Kaarel
* Juhan Ulfsak as Raiesmiku Raivo
* Meelis Rämmeld as Traktori Pets
* Marvin Inno as Robi
* Annabrith Heinmaa as Sonja
* Maria Annus as Sonja's mother
* Robert Annus as Sonja's father
* Riho Kütsar as Policeman
# Ambewadi

Ambewadi may refer to:
* Ambewadi, Dahanu, a village in Maharashtra, India
* Ambewadi, Khanapur, a village in Karnataka, India
# Neochelys

Neochelys (Greek for "new turtle") is an extinct genus of freshwater side-necked turtle that inhabited Europe during the Eocene. It was a diverse genus known throughout western and southern Europe from the Ypresian to the Priabonian.

## Taxonomy

The following species are known:
* †N. arenarum de Broin, 1977 – early-mid Ypresian of France (Lignites de Soissonais)
* †N. capellinii (de Zigno, 1890) (type species) – latest Ypresian or earliest Lutetian of Italy (Monte Bolca) (=Emys capellinii)
* †N. eocaenica (de Stefano, 1902) – latest Ypresian or earliest Lutetian of France (Grès d'Aigne Formation)
* †N. franzeni Schleich, 1993 – early Lutetian of Germany (Messel Formation)
* †N. laurenti Tong, 1998 – mid-late Ypresian of France (Saint-Papoul Formation)
* †N. liriae Pérez-García & de Broin, 2013 – mid-late Ypresian of France (Grès d'Assignan Formation)
* †N. salmanticensis Jimenez, 1971 – Bartonian of Spain (=Podocnemis carbajosai)
* †N. zamorensis Jimenez-Fuentes, 1992 – late Lutetian of Spain (Entrala Formation)
Indeterminate remains are known from the latest Eocene (Priabonian) of France and Spain; these have not been assigned to a specific species, but represent the youngest record of the genus. The species "N." fajumensis from the Oligocene of Egypt was briefly assigned to this genus, but is now thought to belong to its own genus, Shetwemys.
Morphological analyses suggest that Neochelys likely represents an ancient lineage of the Erymnochelyinae, sister to the clade composed of the South American Peltocephalus and the Malagasy Erymnochelys. The taxonomic relationships between the multiple Neochelys species remain largely unknown. It has been suggested that N. eocaenica, N. capellinii, and N. salmanticensis together form a species complex known as the "N. eocaenica complex", but this is uncertain.

## Ecology

A pathological Neochelys shell is known from the middle Eocene of Spain, hosting abnormalities that were previously thought to be the result of a crocodile attack. However, more recent studies instead suggest that these may instead occurred from parasites or a bacterial/fungal infection.
# Chris Wreghitt

Christopher Michael Wreghitt (born 11 November 1958) is a former British professional racing cyclist and five times consecutive winner of the British National Cyclo-cross Championships between 1978 and 1982.
Moving to pro road cycling, he cycled for the Bianchi cycling team and was winner of the 1983 one day race Gran Premio di Lugano. He finished 47th in the 1984 Tour de Suisse. He retired in 1984 due to a back injury.
He founded the Company Global Opportunities in 1990 which is a worldwide consultancy and sales and marketing agency, specialising in the bicycle and fitness markets; the company continues to be run from the Wreghitt's family home in Worcestershire, despite it being flooded in 2007.
# Will Sunderland

Will Sunderland Jr. (born September 11, 1996) is an American professional football defensive back for the Toronto Argonauts of the Canadian Football League (CFL). He played college football at Oklahoma and Troy. He has also been a member of the Green Bay Packers, Indianapolis Colts, Seattle Seahawks, and Atlanta Falcons of the National Football League (NFL) and the Saskatchewan Roughriders and Hamilton Tiger-Cats of the CFL.

## Early life

Will Sunderland Jr. played high school football at Midwest City High School in Midwest City, Oklahoma.

## College career
### Oklahoma

Sunderland played college football at Oklahoma from 2015 to 2016. He played in eight games in 2015, recording three tackles. He appeared in eight games in 2016, totaling 15 tackles, one interception and one pass breakup. Sunderland was charged with second-degree burglary in June 2017 and later dismissed from the team.

### Troy

Sunderland played at Troy from 2018 to 2019. He played in 13 games, starting two, in 2018, recording 21 tackles. He started 11 games in 2019, accumulating 38 tackles and four interceptions, earning first team All-Sun Belt Conference honors.

## Professional career
### Green Bay Packers

Sunderland signed with the Green Bay Packers of the National Football League (NFL) on April 30, 2020, after going undrafted in the 2020 NFL draft. He was waived/injured on September 5 and placed on injured reserve on September 6. He was waived from injured reserve on September 9, 2020.

### Indianapolis Colts

Sunderland was signed to the practice squad of the Indianapolis Colts of the NFL on October 27, 2020. He was signed to a futures contract on January 11, 2021. He was released by the Colts on May 6, 2021.

### Seattle Seahawks

Sunderland signed with the NFL's Seattle Seahawks on June 14, 2021. He was released on August 31, 2021.

### Atlanta Falcons

Sunderland was signed to the practice squad of the Atlanta Falcons of the NFL on December 14, 2021. He was released by the Falcons on December 21, 2021.

### Saskatchewan Roughriders

Sunderland signed with the Saskatchewan Roughriders of the Canadian Football League (CFL) on January 25, 2022. He was released on June 2, 2022.

### Hamilton Tiger-Cats

Sunderland was signed to the practice roster of the Hamilton Tiger-Cats of the CFL on October 11, 2022. He was promoted to the active roster on October 28 and started one game, recording one tackle on defense, before being moved back to the practice roster. He was signed to a futures contract on November 8, 2022. Sunderland was moved between the practice roster and active roster several times during the 2023 season. Overall, he dressed in eight games, starting four, in 2023, totaling 14 tackles on defense and one special teams tackle.
In 2024, Sunderland played in eight regular season games where he had 25 defensive tackles and one special teams tackle. He became a free agent upon the expiry of his contract on February 11, 2025.

### Toronto Argonauts

On February 11, 2025, it was announced that Mayala had signed with the Toronto Argonauts.
# Cargill MacMillan Jr.

Cargill MacMillan Jr. (March 29, 1927 – November 14, 2011) was an American billionaire businessman, a director of Cargill.

## Early life

He was born in Hennepin County, Minnesota, on March 29, 1927, the eldest son of Cargill MacMillan Sr. (1900–1968) and Pauline Whitney (1900–1990). MacMillan served in the US Air Force and then graduated from Yale University in 1950.

## Career

MacMillan worked at Cargill for 38 years, and retired in 1988. MacMillan is credited with designing the Cargill Office Center in Minnetonka, Minnesota.
MacMillan served on the boards of Abbott Northwestern Hospital, Minneapolis Society of Fine Arts, Twin Cities Public Television, Minneapolis Institute of Arts, Macalester College, Greater Minneapolis Chamber of Commerce, United Way of the Minneapolis Area, the Johnson Institute, Northwestern National Bank of Minneapolis, Community First Bank, Minnesota Outward Bound School, and the YMCA.
In 1990, he moved to Indian Wells, California. He died at his home there on November 14, 2011, from complications of Parkinson's disease, with an estimated net worth of at $2.6 billion.
# Nabi Gul

Nabi Gul (born 1 March 1998) is a Pakistani cricketer. He made his List A debut for Khyber Pakhtunkhwa in the 2017 Pakistan Cup on 17 April 2017. He made his Twenty20 debut for Federally Administered Tribal Areas in the 2017–18 National T20 Cup on 22 November 2017. He made his first-class debut for Peshawar in the 2018–19 Quaid-e-Azam Trophy on 11 October 2018.
In September 2019, he was named in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa's squad for the 2019–20 Quaid-e-Azam Trophy tournament.