OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# P fimbriae

P fimbriae (also known as pyelonephritis-associated pili, P pili, or Pap) are chaperone-usher type (specifically of the π family) fimbrial appendages found on the surface of many Escherichia coli bacteria. The P fimbriae is considered to be one of the most important virulence factor in uropathogenic E. coli and plays an important role in upper urinary tract infections. P fimbriae mediate adherence to host cells, a key event in the pathogenesis of urinary tract infections.

## Structure and expression

P fimbriae are large, linear structures projecting from the surface of the bacterial cell. With lengths of 1-2um, the pili can be larger than the diameter of the bacteria itself. The main body of the fimbriae is composed of approx. 1000 copies of the major fimbrial subunit protein PapA, forming a helical rod. The short fimbrial tip is made of the subunits PapK, PapE, PapF and the tip adhesin PapG, which mediates the binding.
The fimbria is assembled by a chaperone-usher system, and proteins required for the assembly are expressed by the Pap operon, which is located on pathogenicity islands. The genes of the Pap operon encode five structural proteins (PapA, PapK, PapE, PapF and PapG), four proteins involved in the transport and assembly (PapD, PapH, PapC, PapJ) and two proteins (PapB, PapI) regulating the operon expression.

## Role during infection

Adherence to host uroepithelial cells is a crucial step during the infection that allows uropathogenic E.coli to colonize the urinary tract and prevents bacterial removal during micturition. The binding of the P fimbriae to epithelial cells is mediated by the tip adhesin PapG. Four different alleles of PapG have been described, which bind to different glycolipid structures on host cells. In humans, especially variant papGII and papGIII have shown to be clinically relevant.
Variant PapGII binds preferentially to globoside (GbO4), found abundantly on human kidney epithelial cells. PapGII triggers a strong inflammatory response which leads to tissue damage. Most E. coli strains causing pyelonephritis, urinary-source bacteremia and urosepsis produce P pili with PapGII. PapGIII binds to the Forssmann antigen (GbO5) as well as isoreceptors present in the urinary tract of humans. E. coli strains carrying the papGIII gene are associated with lower urinary tract infections (cystitis) and asymptomatic bacteriuria. PapGI adhesins bind preferentially to globotriaosylceramide (GbO3), while the isoreceptors of PapGIV are unknown. E. coli carrying genes for PapGI and PapGIV are rarely found in E. coli causing infections in humans.
Frequency (in %) of variants papGII and papGIII in relation to clinical origin of E.coli isolates. :
| | fecal | asymptomatic bacteriuria | cystitis | pyelonephritis | urosepsis |
| papGII | 15 | 20 | 20 | 60 | 70 |
| papGIII | 10 | 15 | 20 | 20 | 10 |
# Buffet car

A buffet car (British English) or café car (American English) is a passenger railroad car, where food and beverages can be bought at a counter. They provide a lower level of service than a dining car (also known as a restaurant car in some regions) where passengers are served at tables, however, they require fewer employees to staff, reducing operating costs.
Sometimes a seating area is provided in the car where passengers may sit while consuming their purchase. Typically, passengers are not allowed to consume food and drinks not purchased onboard the train in these areas. Other trains lack this area and passengers are expected to return to their seats to consume the products they purchase.
# Lyžbice

Lyžbice (Polish: Łyżbice, German: Lischbitz) is a part of the city of Třinec in Frýdek-Místek District, Moravian-Silesian Region, Czech Republic, on the Olza River. It was a separate municipality but later became a part of Třinec. It lies in the historical region of Cieszyn Silesia and has about 14,000 inhabitants.

## Etymology

The name is of patronymic origins derived from personal name *Łyżba.

## History

The village was first mentioned in 1562 as Lyzbycz. It belonged then to the Duchy of Teschen, a fee of the Kingdom of Bohemia and a part of the Habsburg monarchy.
The village with Nýdek was bought from Joseph Freyherrn von Beess by Teschener Kammer in 1792 for 46,000 florins.
After the Revolutions of 1848 in the Austrian Empire a modern municipal division was introduced in the re-established Austrian Silesia. The village as a municipality was subscribed to the political district of Cieszyn and the legal district of Jablunkov (at least from 1880).
After World War I, fall of Austria-Hungary, Polish–Czechoslovak War and the division of Cieszyn Silesia in 1920, it became a part of Czechoslovakia. Following the Munich Agreement, in October 1938 together with the Zaolzie region it was annexed by Poland, administratively adjoined to Cieszyn County of Silesian Voivodeship. It was then annexed by Nazi Germany at the beginning of World War II. After the war it was restored to Czechoslovakia.
Until the rapid expansion of Třinec in the 20th century, it was a larger and more populous village than Třinec.
In 1946 Lyžbice were merged with the town of Třinec and became a place where in the 1950s the ruling Communist Party of Czechoslovakia began a large scale development in the style of socialist realism. Afterwards Lyžbice became a new downtown, overtaking the role from Staré Město (lit. Old Town).

## Demographics

According to the censuses conducted in 1880, 1890, 1900 and 1910 the population of the municipality grew from 1,013 in 1880 to 1,251 in 1910 with a majority being native Polish-speakers (between 96.7% and 99.7%) accompanied by Czech-speaking (at most 23 or 2.3% in 1880) and German-speaking people (at most 10 or 1% in 1880). In terms of religion in 1910 the majority were Protestants (78.4%), followed by Roman Catholics (21.6%). The village was also traditionally inhabited by Cieszyn Vlachs, speaking Cieszyn Silesian dialect.
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1869 | 714 | — |
| 1880 | 1,013 | +41.9% |
| 1890 | 1,113 | +9.9% |
| 1900 | 1,374 | +23.5% |
| 1910 | 1,251 | −9.0% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1921 | 1,305 | +4.3% |
| 1930 | 1,549 | +18.7% |
| 1950 | 1,571 | +1.4% |
| 1961 | 5,952 | +278.9% |
| 1970 | 18,247 | +206.6% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1980 | 21,971 | +20.4% |
| 1991 | 19,949 | −9.2% |
| 2001 | 18,173 | −8.9% |
| 2011 | 16,190 | −10.9% |
| 2021 | 14,467 | −10.6% |
Source: Censuses :
# Glów

Glów is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Radłów. It is within Tarnów County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship in southern Poland.
# Włoszyca Lubańska

Włoszyca Lubańska is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Lubanie, within Włocławek County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. It lies approximately 17 kilometres (11 mi) north-west of Włocławek and 36 km (22 mi) south-east of Toruń.
# Maurice Lippens (businessman)

Maurice Robert Josse Marie Ghislain, Count Lippens (born 9 May 1943 in Knokke, Belgium) is a Belgian businessman and banker. He is the grandson of Maurice Lippens (1875) and brother of Leopold Lippens, mayor of Knokke-Heist.

## Education

Maurice Lippens obtained a doctorate in law from the Universite Libre de Bruxelles (ULB) (Brussels, Belgium) in 1967, and an MBA degree from the Harvard Business School (U.S.) in 1972.

## Career

Maurice Lippens started his professional career in South Africa to assist with the reorganisation of the Maatschappij voor Zeevisserij where he stayed for five months, and then served his military service duties in the Belgian army.
Afterwards, he went through an apprenticeship at the Banque de Paris et des Pays-Bas (financial analysis), followed by the Générale de Banque in financial management. After he graduated from Harvard Business School (MBA), he held management positions at Scienta S.A., the Société Européenne de Venture Capital. He then took over a company in Brussels on his own account, which was resold in 1979.
Maurice Lippens joined the AG Group [nl] in 1981, in 1983, he became managing director, and then Chairman / Managing Director in 1988. He has been the Chairman of Fortis since 1990, participating to the creation of the group. In 2000, he became chairman of the executive committee of Fortis. In 2004, he became the sole President of the group.
Mr Lippens was relieved of his position after a government bailout of the bank on 28 September 2008. He has been involved in numerous law suits and was accused of calling for private investors to buy more Fortis shares in June 2008. In 2009, he still owned his shares (920,000 shares) of Fortis. In 2012, a Dutch court cleared Maurice Lippens for the misleading financial information published by Fortis in May–June 2008. In 2018, the Belgian justice dropped charges against seven ex-directors of Fortis, including Maurice Lippens, considering that they could not have foreseen the subprime mortgage crisis.
After leaving Fortis in 2008, he lived off his family's real estate company.

## Other positions

* Director Total
* Director GBL (Group Bruxelles Lambert)
* Director Belgacom
* Director Suez-Tractebel
* 1983-...: President of Companie Het Zoute
* Director Iscal Sugar
* Director Finasucre
* Director Groupe Sucrier
* Member Trilateral Commission
* Member Harvard Business School European Advisory Council
* Member Insead Belgium Council
* Member of the Belgian businessclub Cercle de Lorraine.

## Awards

2004: Grand Officer of the Order of Léopold II
# Ndjala massacre

On the night between May 16 and 17, 2020, militants from the Lendu CODECO killed twenty-two civilians in the Hema village of Ndjala, in Ituri Province, Democratic Republic of the Congo.

## Background

Lendu farmers and Hema herders have been in conflict for centuries in Ituri, with both groups forming militias during the Second Congo War between 1999 and 2003. Conflict renewed between the two groups in December 2017 in Djugu territory, with Lendu militias growing exponentially. The main Lendu militia, CODECO, began attacks against Congolese forces and other militias, and killing civilians across Ituri province.

## Massacre

The attack began around 1 am at the Hema village of Ndjala. The attack targeted all Hema in the village, with many people being slashed by machetes. A local administrator in Djugu territory, where Ndjala is located, stated at least twenty people were killed in the initial aftermath and over fourteen were injured. This rose to seventeen wounded, and twenty-two people killed by the next day.
While no group initially claimed responsibility for the attack, CODECO was suspected due to the Lendu-Hema conflict.
# Barry Lewis (cook)

Barry Lewis (born 15 July 1982) is a British cook, author and founder of the YouTube channel, Barry Lewis (formerly "My Virgin Kitchen"), which, as of June 2023, has over 996,000 subscribers.
A self-taught cook, Lewis began filming recipe attempts online from his home in Weston Super Mare in 2010 after he saw Jamie Oliver on a television show. After being signed up by Oliver to appear on his YouTube channel, Lewis attracted media coverage. His cookbook, Dinner's On, was published in May 2014 and a second, My Virgin Kitchen – Delicious Recipes You Can Make Every Day, in August 2017.
In January 2019, the My Virgin Kitchen YouTube channel was renamed to Barry Lewis.

## Career

Lewis set up My Virgin Kitchen as a way to inspire himself to learn to cook. He was working at the time as a quantity surveyor for Wates Group and would make recipe videos in the evenings in an attempt to gain confidence in the kitchen.
Each video consists of Lewis cooking a recipe for the first time to inspire others to do the same; hence the name 'virgin kitchen.' Over time his reluctance to cook slowly began to turn into a passion, and a broad range of cooking videos were uploaded including simple dinners, cooking with kids and stunts such as cooking using hair straighteners. In 2013, Lewis was discovered online by the man who originally inspired him, Jamie Oliver. Lewis decided to take a sabbatical from his job to take his cooking passion further as a career.
Lewis also started making videos with fellow YouTube personality Stuart Ashen, with most videos being Ashen's food specials, which are either reviewing foods of certain themes, or looking at (and sometimes eating) out-of-date food. In February 2016, Ashen and Lewis created a joint channel called Barshens.
Lewis has written two cookbooks, and has appeared on television shows including Channel 5's The Gadget Show testing barbecues, and ABC's Nightline, as well as appearances at food festivals.
Lewis has appeared as an actor in 'Ashens and the Polybius Heist' as 'Chef Assistance', marking his first appearance in a feature film as an actor.
# List of closed railway stations in Brisbane

This is a list of closed or inoperative passenger railway stations in Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
* Airport (became Eagle Farm)
* Albert
* Bowen Hills (original location)
* Bowen Park
* Bunour
* Camp Mountain
* Dayboro
* Doboy
* Eagle Farm (both; see page)
* Gloucester Street
* Holm's Halt
* Holmview (original location)
* Mayne Junction
* Meeandah
* Newstead
* Normanby
* Northgate (original location)
* Nyanda
* Pinkenba
* Riverton
* Samford
* Samsonvale
* Stanley Street
* Thorroldtown
* Tennyson
* Toowong Sports Ground
* Woolloongabba
* Whinstanes
# Xōchiquetzal

In Aztec mythology, Xochiquetzal (Classical Nahuatl: Xōchiquetzal), also called Ichpochtli Classical Nahuatl: Ichpōchtli, meaning "maiden"), was a goddess associated with fertility, beauty, and love, serving as a protector of young mothers and a patroness of pregnancy, childbirth, and the crafts practiced by women such as weaving and embroidery. In pre-Hispanic Maya culture, a similar figure is Goddess I.

## Name

The name Xōchiquetzal is a compound of xōchitl (“flower”) and quetzalli (“precious feather; quetzal tail feather”). In Classical Nahuatl morphology, the first element in a compound modifies the second and thus the goddess' name can literally be taken to mean “flower precious feather” or ”flower quetzal feather”. Her alternative name, Ichpōchtli, corresponds to a personalized usage of ichpōchtli (“maiden, young woman”).

## Description

Unlike several other figures in the complex of Aztec female earth deities connected with agricultural and sexual fecundity, Xochiquetzal is always depicted as an alluring and youthful woman, richly attired and symbolically associated with vegetation and in particular flowers.
By connotation, Xochiquetzal is also representative of human desire, pleasure, and excess, appearing also as patroness of artisans involved in the manufacture of luxury items.
Worshipers wore animal and flower masks at a festival, held in her honor every eight years. Her husband was Tlaloc until Tezcatlipoca kidnapped her and she was forced to marry him. At one point, she was also married to Centeotl and Xiuhtecuhtli.
Anthropologist Hugo Nutini identifies her with the Virgin of Ocotlan in his article on patron saints in Tlaxcala.

## Worship

The worship of Xochiquetzal along with Tlaloc partook in the festival of Hueypachtli. During this festival Xochiquetzal was honored and also offered a variety of gifts consisting of flower offerings, drinking and fornications. A young woman was chosen to be a ixiptlatli which impersonated the goddess and was decapitated, flayed and her skin was worn by a selected man who would then weave as part of a representation of "the gender ambiguity embodied in the cult of lunar deities".
# Włóki, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship

Włóki is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Dobrcz, within Bydgoszcz County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. It lies approximately 5 kilometres (3 mi) south-east of Dobrcz, 21 km (13 mi) north-east of Bydgoszcz, and 36 km (22 mi) north-west of Toruń.
# L'Île-Saint-Denis

L'Île-Saint-Denis (French: ; lit. 'Saint Denis Island') is a French commune in the northern suburbs of Paris, Île-de-France. It is located 9.4 km (5.8 mi) from the centre of Paris.
The commune is entirely contained on an island of the Seine, hence its name.
Along with the communes of Saint-Denis and Saint-Ouen-sur-Seine, L'Île-Saint-Denis will form the Olympic Village of the 2024 Summer Olympics. This allows 85% of athletes to be 30 minutes from their competition venues.

## Heraldry

| Arms of l'Île-Saint-Denis | The arms of l'Île-Saint-Denis are blazoned : Azure, a castle argent pierced and masoned sable extended by walls argent masoned sable, open of the field, and on a chief Or, a cross gules between 4 alerions azure. |

## Transport

Several transit connections are located nearby. The closest station to l'Île-Saint-Denis is Saint-Denis station, which is an interchange station on Paris RER line D and on the Transilien Paris – Nord suburban rail line. This station is located in the neighboring commune of Saint-Denis, 0.4 km (0.25 mi) from the town center of l'Île-Saint-Denis.
Tram T1 stops near Île-Saint-Denis's town hall. Bus route 237 runs along the length of the island.

## Demographics

The island is the result of the joining of several smaller islands (which helps explain its current length): L’île Saint-Denis, l’île Saint-Ouen, l’île des Vannes and l'île du Châtelier.
Since the 1960s l'Île-Saint-Denis has housed immigrants, mostly from North African countries. Nadir Dendoune, a local author, said that l'Île-Saint-Denis had racial and ethnic diversity in the 1980s, as the neighborhood housed various groups of poor people, including Arabs, Black people, ethnic French, and other Europeans, and that at that time half of the students in area schools were White. In 2005, according to Dendoune, few of the students were White.

## Education

There are three primary schools in the commune: École Samira Bellil, École Paul Langevin, and École Jean Lurçat.
Collège Alfred Sisley, a junior high school, is on the island.
# Kageno Station

Kageno Station (影野駅, Kageno-eki) is a passenger railway station located in the town of Shimanto, Takaoka District, Kōchi Prefecture, Japan. It is operated by JR Shikoku and has the station number "K23".

## Lines

The station is served by JR Shikoku's Dosan Line and is located 190.4 km from the beginning of the line at Tadotsu.

## Layout

Kageno Station consists of an island platform serving two tracks. A station building, which is unstaffed, serves as a waiting room. The island platform is accessed by means of a ramp and a level crossing. There is a siding to one side of the island platform.
* A view of the island platform looking in the direction of Kubokawa. The siding can be seen to the right of the picture.

## Adjacent stations

| « | « | Service | » | » |
| Dosan Line |||||
| Tosa-Kure | Tosa-Kure | Local | Rokutanji | Rokutanji |

## History

The station opened on 20 October 1947 as the terminus of the Dosan Line which was extended westwards from Tosa-Kure. It became a through-station on 12 November 1951 when the track was further extended to Kubokawa. At the time it was opened, the station was operated by Japanese National Railways (JNR). With the privatization of JNR on 1 April 1987, control of the station passed to JR Shikoku.

## Surrounding area

* Shimanto Town Kageno Elementary School
# Paul Cobb Methuen

Paul Cobb Methuen (15 June 1752 – 15 September 1816) was an English politician.
He was the eldest son of Paul Methuen of Corsham, Wilshire and Christian née Cobb and educated at University College, Oxford (1769).
He was member of parliament (MP) for Great Bedwyn from 1781 to 1784. He was appointed High Sheriff of Wiltshire for 1780–81.
He married Matilda, the daughter of Sir Thomas Gooch, 3rd Baronet of Benacre, Suffolk and had four sons, including Paul Methuen, later 1st Baron Methuen, and four daughters.
# Fatmawati Salapuddin

Fatmawati Salapuddin is a Filipino politician and director of the Sulu-based Lupah Sug Bangsamoro Women's Association.
# Legislative districts of Valenzuela

The legislative districts of Valenzuela are the representations of the highly urbanized city of Valenzuela in the various national legislatures of the Philippines. The city is currently represented in the lower house of the Congress of the Philippines through its first and second districts.

## History

Valenzuela, originally known as Polo until 1963, was represented as part of the at-large district of Bulacan in the Malolos Congress (1898–1899) and the National Assembly of the Second Philippine Republic (1943–1944) and the second district of Bulacan from 1907 to 1941 and from 1945 to 1972. It was separated from Bulacan on November 7, 1975, by virtue of Presidential Decree No. 824, and was represented in the Interim Batasang Pambansa along with other Metropolitan Manila municipalities and cities as part of Region IV from 1978 to 1984. Valenzuela was grouped together with Navotas and Malabon as the legislative district of Malabon–Navotas–Valenzuela for representation in the Regular Batasang Pambansa from 1984 to 1986. From 1987 to 2001, Valenzuela had its own representation in the House of Representatives and was divided into two districts after its city charter (Republic Act No. 8526) was approved on February 14, 1998, and ratified on December 30, 1998.

## Current Districts

Legislative Districts and Congressional Representatives of Valenzuela City :
| District | Current Representative | Current Representative | Current Representative | Party | Barangays | Population (2015) | Area | Map |
| 1st | | | Mark Enverga (Caretaker since 2023) | NPC | List Arkong Bato Balangkas Bignay Bisig Canumay East Canumay West Coloong Dalandanan Isla Lawang Bato Lingunan Mabolo Malanday Malinta Palasan Pariancillo Villa Pasolo Poblacion Pulo Punturin Rincon Tagalag Veinte Reales Wawang Pulo | 300,525 | 25.82 km$^2$ | |
| 2nd | | | Eric Martinez (since 2016) | PDP | List Bagbaguin Karuhatan General T. De Leon Mapulang Lupa Marulas Maysan Parada Paso de Blas Ugong | 319,897 | 18.69 km$^2$ | |
* ↑ Rex Gatchalian from the first district relinquished his rights to the seat upon accepting the position of Secretary of Social Welfare and Development. Mark Enverga (Quezon-1st) is designated as the district's caretaker while the seat is vacant.
# Lukas Fridrikas

Lukas Fridrikas (born 30 December 1997) is an Austrian professional footballer who plays as a striker for Rheindorf Altach.

## Career

Fridrikas is a product of the youth academies of Admira Wacker and Red Bull Salzburg. He began his senior career with Anif in 2015, before moving to Seekirchen where he scored 15 goals in 17 games. He then signed with Wiener Neustädter in January 2017.
Fridrikas moved to Dornbirn in 2018, and helped them get promoted into the 2. Liga. On 30 December 2020, he transferred to Wacker Innsbruck signing a contract until 2024. On 1 January 2022, he transferred to Austria Klagenfurt in the Austrian Football Bundesliga.
In the summer of 2024, Fridrikas signed a three-year contract with Rheindorf Altach.

## Personal life

Fridrikas is the son of the Lithuanian former international footballer Robertas and the Lithuanian-Austrian handball player Ausra. His paternal half-brother, Mantas, is also a Lithuanian international footballer.