OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Sir Hugh Paterson, 2nd Baronet

Sir Hugh Paterson, 2nd Baronet (circa 1685 – 23 March 1777) was a Scottish Jacobite and Member of the Parliament of Great Britain.
The son of Sir Hugh Paterson, 1st Baronet by his wife Barbara, daughter of Sir William Ruthven of Dunglass and Katherine, daughter of William Douglas, 1st Marquess of Douglas, he succeeded his father as second Baronet, of Bannockburn, on 21 December 1701. From 1710 to 1715 he was Member of Parliament for Stirlingshire.
On 21 February 1712, he married Lady Jean Erskine, daughter of Charles Erskine, Earl of Mar. They had a son Henry, who predeceased his father.
In 1716, Paterson was attainted and his baronetcy forfeit, because, as a Jacobite, he had participated in the Jacobite Rising of 1715. His niece, Clementina Walkinshaw, later became the mistress of Prince Charles Edward Stuart.
# Patrick Fraser, Lord Fraser

Patrick Fraser, Lord Fraser LLD (1817–1889) was a Scottish judge and legal scholar.

## Life

He was born in Perth in 1819 the son of Patrick Fraser, a merchant.
After studies at Perth Grammar School and then studying law at the University of St Andrews, he was admitted to the bar of the Court of Session in 1843, where he participated in some of the most prominent cases of his time. In 1864 he was made Sheriff of Renfrewshire. The University of Edinburgh awarded him an honorary doctorate (LLD) in 1871 for his historical research. Following the resignation of Lord Gifford due to ill-health, Fraser became a Lord of Session, and was given the title Lord Fraser.
He served as Dean of the Faculty of Advocates from 1878 to 1881 and was created Queen's Counsel in 1880. In Edinburgh he lived at 5 Heriot Row in the New Town.
Fraser published widely in the area of commercial and family law. He was among those who established the tradition of scientific monographs treating specific questions of law from a critical historical and philosophical point of view.
He died at Gattonside House near Melrose on 27 March 1889. He is buried in Dean Cemetery on the south side of one of the north paths in the original cemetery, towards the west end.

## Family

He married Margaret Ann Sharp, daughter of a Birmingham merchant. They had one son and four daughters.

## Publications

* A Treatise on the Law of Scotland as applicable to Personal and Domestic Relationships (1846)
* Tytler's History of Scotland Examined (1848)
* Domestic Economy, Gymnastics and Music (1855)
* The Conflict of Laws in Cases of Divorce (1860)
* A Sketch of the Career of Duncan Forbes of Culloden (1875)
* A treatise on Husband and Wife, according to the Law of Scotland (1876)
* Treatise on Master and Servant, Employer and Workman, and Master and Apprentice according to the Law of Scotland (1882)
# Svend Grundtvig

Svend Hersleb Grundtvig (9 September 1824 – 14 July 1883) was a Danish literary historian and ethnographer. He was one of the first systematic collectors of Danish traditional music, and he was especially interested in Danish folk songs. He began the large project of editing Danish ballads. He also co-edited Icelandic ballads. He was the son of N. F. S. Grundtvig.

## Biography

Grundtvig was born in Copenhagen. His father arranged his education, employing a series of home tutors to teach him Icelandic, Latin, Danish and Anglo-Saxon while personally instructing him in Nordic mythology, Saxo Grammaticus and folkloric ballads. When he was 14, his father bought him a 1656 manuscript of an old ballad, triggering his interest in further exploring the history of Danish folk music which was to be his life's work.
When 19, after his father accompanied him on a study tour to England, Grundtvig published Danish translations of English and Scottish ballads before devoting his life to the collection and study of Danish folk tales and ballads. In a manifesto in 1844, he encouraged Danish men and women to record national ballads still in popular usage. He was the first editor of the multi-volume Danmarks gamle Folkeviser, whose mantle was taken up by other editors. Gruntvig also encouraged the Faroese V. U. Hammershaimb to gather ballads of his native land; Hammershaimb after making several publications eventually turned over the collection to Grundtvig, who with Jørgen Bloch co-edited the Føroya kvæði: Corpus Carminum Færoensium (1876).
In 1854, he extended this call to all types of folklore, building up a nationwide network of collaborators, soon resulting in his three-volume work Danske Minder (1854–61). In 1876, he published Danske folkeæventyr, the first of three volumes of Danish folk tales. He died in Frederiksberg.

## Own works

Grundtvig's published works, all in Danish, include:
* Engelske og skotske folkeviser, 1842–1846
* Gamle danske minder i Folkemunde, 1854–61
** I Know What I Have Learned
* Danske Kæmpeviser, 1867
* Danske Folkeæventyr, 1876–83
* Danmarks Folkeviser i Udvalg, 1882
# Dare County Schools

Dare County Schools (DCS) is a school district for Dare County, North Carolina. Its headquarters are in Nags Head.
In 2008 the district began serving salads in the cafeterias. The cafeteria manager of First Flight High School stated that the salads had a good reception.
In 2008 the principals of Nags Head Elementary and First Flight Middle switched positions.
In 2020 John Farrelly, the superintendent, stated on December 8, 2020, that the district administrators needed to select which programs to make student achievement equal across socioeconomic groups should be implemented.

## Facilities

The district, for a period, used a rented facility in Manteo. In 2005 the current headquarters on the property of Nags Head Elementary was to open.

## Schools
### Middle and high schools

* Cape Hatteras Secondary School

### High schools

* First Flight High School
* Manteo High School

### Middle schools

* First Flight Middle School
* Manteo Middle School

### Elementary schools

* Cape Hatteras Elementary School
* First Flight Elementary School
** It serves students in portions of Kill Devil Hills and Colington Island. Its official capacity is 410 students. In 2004 it was overcrowded with 590 students but it was relieved the following year by the opening of Nags Head Elementary.
* Kitty Hawk Elementary School
** Its official capacity is 590 students. In 2004 it was overcrowded with 710 students but it was relieved the following year by the opening of Nags Head Elementary.
* Manteo Elementary School
* Nags Head Elementary School
** Nags Head Elementary opened in August 2005, relieving First Flight and Kitty Hawk elementaries. Its prospective enrollment for 2005 was 500, about half each from the two other elementaries. It was a part of a $16,900,000 development including the new district headquarters.

### Alternative

* Alternative High School
# Bucharest Metro Line M3

M3 (22.2 km (13.8 mi)) is one of the five lines of the Bucharest Metro. M3 Line runs from Anghel Saligny to Preciziei. It is the east-west line of the system. The line shares 8.67 km (5.39 mi) and 7 stations with M1.

## History

The first part of the present-day M3 to be built was from Eroilor to Preciziei (at the time known as Industriilor) along with the line to Industriilor depot (nearby the ITB Militari depot), west of the station itself. This section was not a line on its own, but rather a branch of the M1, and it opened on 19 August 1983. During the communist period the 'M3' was the Gara de Nord - Dristor 2 section of what is today the M1. Construction work on another branch, from Nicolae Grigorescu to Anghel Saligny (at time named Leontin Sălăjan and Linia de Centură), began in 1988, but the work was halted in 1996 and the tunnels were flooded.
Due to the very large gap between Pacii and Lujerului (then known as Armata Poporului) construction of Gorjului started. It was opened in two stages: the westbound platform in 1994 and the eastbound platform in 1998.
In the mid 2000s the route of the M3 was shortened from Pantelimon - Industriilor to Eroilor - Industriilor and the M3 became a shuttle service, similar to the M4.
In 2008, the long-overdue section from Nicolae Grigorescu to Linia de Centură, for which construction works resumed in 2004, was finally opened, also as a shuttle, as an extension of the M4. Because a line composed of two unconnected shuttles was very impractical, on 4 July 2009 the two branches from Preciziei and Anghel Saligny were linked sharing tracks with the M1 between Eroilor and Nicolae Grigorescu and thus forming the M3 as it is operated today.

## Rolling stock

The M3 uses Astra IVA and Bombardier Movia trains. The IVA trains were used exclusively until 2009, when the first Movia trains were introduced on the M3, and services from Preciziei to Anghel Saligny commenced. In 2014, after the arrival of new CAF trains and the migration of Movia trains from the M2 to the M3 was complete, the old trains were no longer needed. IVA trains were reintroduced in 2020, when 8 Movia train sets were transferred to the new Line 5.

## Name changes

| Station | Previous name(s) | Years |
| Preciziei | Industriilor | 1983–2009 |
| Lujerului | Armata Poporului | 1983–2009 |
| Nicolae Teclu | Policolor | 2008–2009 |
| Anghel Saligny | Linia de Centură | 2008–2009 |

## Extensions

An extension from Păcii towards the A1 Motorway and the Western Industrial Park is planned for 2030.
# Diploma of Associate Engineer

Diploma of Associate Engineer or DAE is a three years post intermediate (grade 12) program of instructions in various engineering disciplines. It includes regular studies having classroom lectures, theoretical exams and practicals, workshop assignments, labs experiments, industrial projects and industrial tours. Diploma of Associate Engineer (DAE) is awarded by the Punjab, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPBTE), Sindh Boards of Technical Education and (FBISE) Federal Board of Intermediate and Secondary Education (Fbise.edu.pk) and is offered in various engineering disciplines such as electrical engineering, electronics engineering, civil engineering, mechanical engineering, chemical engineering, biomedical engineering and petroleum engineering etc. A student can take admission in DAE after passing Secondary School Certificate (SSC) in science subjects or Technical School Certificate (TSC). Government of Pakistan recognises the DAE as equivalent to Higher Secondary School Certificate (HSSC) pre-engineering for further study purpose.

## Background

DAE, which was first developed in 1950 has a three years duration. Diploma holders are often called associate engineers or sub engineers in Pakistan. Hundreds of government and private institutes across Pakistan offer this diploma. After successful completion, students can either join Bachelor of Engineering (BE) and Bachelor of Technology (BTech) degree programs or find employment as supervisors, foremen, technicians, sub-engineers, draftsmen, overseers, chemical or gas plant operators, junior instructors or workshop superintendents.

## Regional variations

* At the federal level, the National Vocational and Technical Training Commission is the responsible government body for technical education.
* In the Punjab, the Punjab Board of Technical Education and the Technical Education and Vocational Training Authority are the responsible government bodies for technical education.
* In Sindh, the Sindh Board of Technical Education and the Sindh Technical Education and Vocational Training Authority are the responsible government bodies for technical education.
* In Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Board of Technical Education and the Technical Education and Vocational Training Authority are the responsible government bodies for technical education.
* In Balochistan, the Balochistan Technical Education and Vocational Training Authority is the responsible government body for technical education.
* In Azad Kashmir, the Azad Jammu & Kashmir Technical Education and Vocational Training Authority is the responsible government body for technical education.
# Robert Hutchinson (Australian politician)

Robert David Hutchinson (3 March 1857 – 14 July 1918) was an Australian politician, and a member of the Western Australian Legislative Assembly from 1900 until 1904 representing the seat of Geraldton.

## Biography

Hutchinson was born in Northampton, a town north of Geraldton, to Robert Hutchinson, the manager of the Waneranooka mine, and Mary Halloran. He worked with his father on the mine until 1878, when he left for Sydney. He worked there with his brother as a builder, stonemason and contractor. On 14 December 1885 at St John's Church in the Sydney suburb of Glebe, he married Mary Ann Gray, with whom he had one son and three daughters.
In 1890, he returned to Geraldton with his young family, and was elected to the Geraldton Town Council in 1892. He was made a Justice of the Peace in 1898, and became Mayor of Geraldton from 1898 until 1900.
At a by-election on 24 July 1900 following the resignation of Richard Robson, Hutchinson was elected to the Western Australian Legislative Assembly for the seat of Geraldton. He was in opposition to the party led by Premier Sir John Forrest, and in the confusing parliamentary situation created by the 1901 election, he was counted with the supporters of George Leake, who became Premier twice, and his successor Walter James. He retired at the 1904 election.
Following his time in Parliament, he worked in various temporary positions in the Department of Lands and Surveys and the Department of Public Works. He was elected to the Town Council for a year in 1908–1909.
Hutchinson died on 14 July 1918 in Maylands, and was buried in the Anglican section of Karrakatta Cemetery.
# Nice Girls Roast

"Nice Girls Roast" is the twelfth episode of the thirteenth season of RuPaul's Drag Race. It originally aired on March 26, 2021. Loni Love is a guest judge.
The episode's main challenge has the remaining contestants roast former contestants who were named Miss Congeniality: Heidi N Closet, Nina West, and Valentina. Kandy Muse wins the main challenge, and Utica Queen is eliminated from the competition.

## Episode

For the episode's mini-challenge, the contestants pair up and star in a live makeup tutorial on how to take a glamorous selfie. Kandy Muse and Rosé win the mini-challenge.
For the main challenge, the queens will perform a roast of three previous Miss Congenialities: Heidi N Closet, Nina West, and Valentina. In addition to RuPaul and Michelle Visage, Ross Mathews is a judge and Loni Love is a guest judge.
On the runway, Gottmik, Kandy Muse, and Rosé receive positive critiques. Kandy Muse is declared the winner of the challenge. Olivia Lux, Symone, and Utica Queen receive negative critiques, with Olivia Lux being deemed safe. Symone and Utica Queen place in the bottom and face off in a lip-sync to "No Tears Left to Cry" (2018) by Ariana Grande. Utica Queen is eliminated from the competition.

## Production

Love was also a guest judge on the season's fourth ("RuPaulmark Channel"), sixth ("Disco-mentary"), and tenth ("Freaky Friday Queens") episodes, as well as the fourteenth season's fourth episode ("She's a Super Tease").

## Reception

In Screen Rant's 2022 overview of the show's ten "most shocking" comedy roast performances, Jim Elauria said Utica Queen's roast was "littered with eyebrow-raising and controversial jokes". Utica Queen apologized for some of her comments about weight.
# Bernie Meade

Patrick D. B. Meade (born 1948), known as Bernie Meade, is an Irish former hurler. At club level he played with Passage and St Finbarr's and was also a member of the Cork senior hurling team. He usually lined out as a forward.

## Career

Meade first played at juvenile and underage levels with the Passage club and had a career that spanned three decades with the club's top adult team. He transferred briefly to the St Finbarr's club and won an All-Ireland Club Championship title in 1980. He also lined out with the Seandún divisional side as both a hurler and Gaelic footballer. Meade first appeared on the inter-county scene on Cork's 1966 All-Ireland Minor Championship-winning team. He later won successive All-Ireland Under-21 Championship titles, with his scoring tally of 1–12 in the 1968 All-Ireland under-21 final remaining an all-time record. Meade was drafted onto the Cork senior hurling team during their successful 1968-69 National League campaign. He played a number of league and tournament games for Cork over the following few seasons; however, he was not selected for the championship team.

## Honours
### St Finbarr's

* All-Ireland Senior Club Hurling Championship: 1978

### Cork

* National Hurling League: 1968-69
* All-Ireland Under-21 Hurling Championship: 1968, 1969
* Munster Under-21 Hurling Championship: 1968, 1969
* All-Ireland Minor Hurling Championship: 1966
* Munster Minor Hurling Championship: 1966
# Casino Lisboa (Macau)

Casino Lisboa (lit. 'Lisbon Casino', Chinese: 葡京娛樂場) is a hotel casino in Sé, Macau, owned by the Sociedade de Turismo e Diversões de Macau (STDM). This three-storey complex was built in late 1960s.
The original casino and the 12-storey round hotel tower were built in 1970 by Stanley Ho, Teddy Yip, Yip Hon and Henry Fok. A 270-room extension was added in 1991 for a total of 927 rooms. In 2006, another extension, the Grand Lisboa, was built next to the current complex. Therefore, a total of 2,362 rooms are in place in Hotel Lisboa as of 2010. This expansion was partly done in competition with the newly opened Wynn Macau, located right next to the original Casino Lisboa.

## Robuchon á Galera

Robuchon á Galera, owned by the late chef Joël Robuchon, has been awarded three stars by the Michelin Guide in 2008. Robuchon á Galera serves European cuisine such as roasted guinea fowl and foie gras from its à la carte menu. The restaurant has since moved to the top floor of the Grand Lisboa hotel and has been renamed Robuchon au Dôme.
# Andrew Cowie

Andrew Cowie (July 20, 1798 – October 21, 1890) was a Scottish-born leather manufacturer, ship owner and political figure in Nova Scotia. He represented Liverpool township from 1851 to 1855 and Queen's County from 1859 to 1867 in the Nova Scotia House of Assembly.
He was born in Auchanbalrige in Banffshire, the son of William Cowie and Elizabeth Milne, and came to Halifax in 1816, settling in Liverpool two years later. He entered business as a dry goods merchant but later acquired a tannery and began to manufacture leather. In 1820, he married Janet More. For a time, Cowie was involved in the lumber trade. He also operated a saddle and harness shop in partnership with his sons. Cowie also served as a magistrate.
# Harada Jūkichi

Harada Jūkichi (原田 重吉, 1868–1938) was a Japanese farmer and soldier who became famous for his actions in the First Sino-Japanese War. Some sources record his given name with the spelling Jūkichi (十吉).

## Biography

Jūkichi was born the second son of Harada Kōkichi (原田 幸吉), a farmer in the village of Hiaki (日明), Mikawa Province. In 1888, he passed the standard conscription examination and was assigned to the 18th Infantry Regiment based in Toyohashi.
In 1894, the Sino-Japanese War broke out, and Jūkichi was called up to participate in the Battle of Pyongyang. On September 15, the order was given to attack Pyongyang in full force, and his regiment approached the heavily fortified Hyeonmu Gate (玄武門).
The Japanese force tasked with assaulting the gate found itself outnumbered and immobilized by Chinese suppression fire. Jūkichi was selected as one of a 13-member forlorn hope charged with climbing the walls. Once inside, Jūkichi and his team were engaged by numerous Chinese warriors. Fending them off, Jūkichi himself opened the Hyeonmu Gate and thereby admitted the Japanese into the city. Pyongyang quickly fell as the Chinese forces within the city routed.
Jūkichi's activities became known in Japan through various forms of media including newspapers and popular songs. At the time, he was regarded as a national hero. Jūkichi received a modest promotion to private, first class (上等兵, jotōhei) as well as the Order of the Golden Kite, seventh class.
In 1895, at the end of the war, Jūkichi returned home and soon found himself in debt. In order to pay off his debts, he cooperated with a showman in Nagoya who staged performances of the battle of the Hyeonmu Gate. The play was well received in many places, and there even appeared another show featuring a different person impersonating Jūkichi. After he finished paying off his debts, he quit acting and went back to farming. In 1904, he was called up to fight in the Russo-Japanese War, and returned to Japan in 1905.
Returning to his hometown, Jūkichi devoted the remainder of his life to agriculture. He developed his own fertilizer based on rice hull ash and managed to double the harvest of rice and wheat. For this, he received commendations from the governor of Aichi Prefecture and the prefectural agricultural association in 1923 and 1924. He died in 1938 at the age of 69.
# Seduction: The Cruel Woman

Seduction: The Cruel Woman (Verführung: Die grausame Frau) is a 1985 West German film, directed by Elfi Mikesch [de] and Monika Treut, who both also wrote the screenplay. Wanda is played by Mechthild Großmann [de]. The film was inspired by Leopold von Sacher-Masoch's Venus in Furs.

## Synopsis

Wanda is a dominatrix who runs a gallery in Hamburg. She lures men and women of all types into her sadomasochistic world where audiences pay for the privilege of seeing her humiliate her slaves. The end is an ultimate mix of eros and thanatos.
   And when she is eventually gunned down, not by her American female lover whom she turns into an assistant-Mistress and not by her older tender shoe-fetishist motherly concerned lover either, but by — of all people — her husband (who is also her slave), the supreme joy on her face is absolutely ineffable.

## Cast

* Mechthild Großmann [de] as Wanda
* Udo Kier as Gregor
* Sheila McLaughlin as Justine
* Carola Regnier [de] as Caren
* Peter Weibel as Herr Maehrsch, Journalist
* Georgette Dee [de] as Friederike
* Barbara Ossenkopp: Leila
* Daniela Ziegler: Mother

## Film Festivals

The movie was shown at the following film festivals, among others:
* 1985 Berlin International Film Festival, Forum
* 1985 San Francisco International Lesbian and Gay Film Festival
# Savin

Savin may refer to:
* Savin (name)
* Juniperus sabina, or savin, a shrubby juniper plant
* Savin (photocopiers), a photocopier company acquired by Ricoh
* Savin, Bulgaria, a village in Kubrat Municipality, Razgrad Province
* SAVIN, Statewide Automated Victim Information & Notification
# Why Does E=mc²?

Why Does E=mc²? (And Why Should We Care?) is a 2009 book by the theoretical physicists Brian Cox and Jeff Forshaw. This was the first full-scale book from Professors Cox and Forshaw.

## Overview

The book aims to provide an explanation of the theory of relativity that is accessible to a general reader. The authors tell the history of Albert Einstein's equation, E=mc², and explain what it stands for.