OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Central Valley School District (Pennsylvania)

The Central Valley School District (CVSD) was established on July 1, 2009. It comprises the former Center Area and Monaca school districts, and includes the municipalities of Center Township, Potter Township, and Monaca Borough in Beaver County, Pennsylvania. The Central Valley School District represents the first “Voluntary” merger of public school districts in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. The merger was a five-year process due to opposition from those who opposed the plan.
Central Valley School District encompasses approximately 23 square miles (60 km$^2$). There are approximately 18,000 residents living throughout the Central Valley School District communities.
Central Valley School District operates four schools: Center Grange Primary School, Todd Lane Elementary School, Central Valley Middle School and Central Valley High School. High school students may choose to attend Beaver County Career and Technology Center for training in the construction and mechanical trades. Beaver Valley Intermediate Unit IU27 provides the district with a wide variety of services like specialized education for disabled students and hearing, speech and visual disability services and professional development for staff and faculty.

## Current Buildings

| Building | Grades | Principal |
| Central Valley High School | 9-12 | Mr. Shawn McCreary |
| Central Valley Middle School | 6-8 | Mr. Brian Dolph |
| Todd Lane Elementary School | 3-5 | Ms. Christina Faragoti |
| Center Grange Primary School | K-2 | Mrs. Carla Kosanovich, |

## Extracurriculars

Central Valley School District offers a wide variety of clubs, activities and an extensive sports program.

### Sports

The district funds:

#### Middle school

According to PIAA directory July 2014
# Operation Dawn Blitz

Operation Dawn Blitz is an annual military exercise orchestrated by the United States Navy and United States Marine Corps to simulate an amphibious assault by landing infantry and support on a beachhead. In recent years it has grown to incorporate the military of several US allies.

## Exercise

Dawn Blitz is a military exercise, as such it is meant to allow military personnel to simulate and practice situations they might encounter in the course of their duties. Because of the close relationship between the US Marines and the US Navy, the Marines are often tasked with beachhead landings, such as the Battle of Okinawa and Island Hopping.
While it may be simple and comparatively cheap to train an infantryman in basic combat drills, Operation Dawn Blitz is instead focused on the development of operational and cooperative capacity with the use of military hardware such as the LCAC, and the exercise of combined arms tactics with the goal of simulating the combat environment for all participants.

## History

Operation Dawn Blitz began as a Navy-Marine Corps exercise in 2010. Over time it has expanded in scope, and the national participants. In 2013, Approximately 5,000 ground and naval forces such as; Marines, sailors and troops from Japan, Canada and New Zealand participated. In 2015, an international task force composed of U.S., Japanese, and Mexican ships was assembled featuring additional participation by New Zealand infantry and observers from Australia, Colombia and Chile.

## Etymology

The word 'dawn' can have various meanings. In the context of this operation's name it can refer to the beginning of any new undertaking, and reference the early time of day when military personnel often begin their training. 'Blitz' is a German word for lightning, and is used as a shorthand for Blitzkrieg—an early type of combined arms and maneuver warfare from which the US Marines contemporary combat doctrine was based.

## Geopolitical Impact

Because of the contested nature of the Senkaku Islands between The People's Republic of China, and Japan, China issued protests and requests that the nature and scope of the 2013 drills be changed. These protests were ignored, and Japan participated in drills to recapture a remote island.
# Carpenter's flasher wrasse

The Carpenter's flasher wrasse (Paracheilinus carpenteri) is a species of wrasse native to the western Pacific Ocean. It can be found on reefs at depths from 27 to 45 m (89 to 148 ft). This species can reach 8 cm (3.1 in) in standard length. It can be found in the aquarium trade.
As with other members of this genus, the "flashing" mating behaviour involves short, quick dashes through the water column by the male whilst concomitantly flaring its fins and intensifying in colour in the presence of females - this behaviour commonly takes place starting from a secure place near reef rocks or the sand bed, "flashing" in the water column, and then returning to the point of origination; this display is thought to attract females and/or stimulate mating. Flashing is much less common in the absence of females, and is considered very visually desirable by many aquarists.

## Etymology

The species is named in honor of Dr. Kent E. Carpenter of Old Dominion University, who was the principal collector of the type specimens.

## Aquarium keeping

It regularly makes its way into the aquarium trade. It is generally considered to be one of the easier wrasses to keep in captivity, adapting quickly to a fairly indiscriminate carnivorous diet. It is considered "reef-safe" in the aquarium as it does not attack or harass invertebrates or nibble at coral polyps.
# Azwan Ali (actor)

Mohamed Azwan bin Ali (Jawi: محمد ازوان بن علي; born 13 February 1966), also known by his nickname as Diva AA, is a Malaysian television host and actor.

## Personal life

He grew up in Kampung Gate Baru, Setapak, Kuala Lumpur and obtained a Bachelor of Law degree from the Universiti Malaya in 1989. His father, Ali Omar and his mother, Che Tom Yahaya settled in the village of Klang Gate, Taman Melawati, Ulu Kelang, Selangor. His siblings include his elder brother, the current Hulu Kelang Assemblyman, Azmin Ali and his younger sister, Ummi Hafilda Ali.

## Politics involvement

In the 2018 general election, Azwan contested the Selangor State Legislative Assembly seat of Bukit Antarabangsa as an independent using the elephant logo, but had lost to his elder brother, Azmin Ali who was the incumbent constituency assemblymen and Selangor Menteri Besar then.

## Controversies

He has been known to be responsible for several controversial incidents on both social media and mass media, most notably insulting staff of Putrajaya Hospital over their role as frontliners in dealing with the COVID-19 outbreak, which resulted in a fine of RM17,000.

## Election results

Selangor State Legislative Assembly :
| Year | Constituency | Candidate | Votes | Pct | Opponent(s) | Votes | Pct | Ballots cast | Majority | Turnout |
| 2018 | N19 Bukit Antarabangsa | Mohamed Azwan Ali (IND) | 90 | 0.23% | Mohamed Azmin Ali (PKR) | 30,892 | 79.64% | 39,057 | 25,512 | 84.44% |
| 2018 | N19 Bukit Antarabangsa | Mohamed Azwan Ali (IND) | 90 | 0.23% | Salwa Yunus (UMNO) | 5,380 | 13.87% | 39,057 | 25,512 | 84.44% |
| 2018 | N19 Bukit Antarabangsa | Mohamed Azwan Ali (IND) | 90 | 0.23% | Syarifah Haslizah Syed Ariffin (PAS) | 2,311 | 5.96% | 39,057 | 25,512 | 84.44% |
| 2018 | N19 Bukit Antarabangsa | Mohamed Azwan Ali (IND) | 90 | 0.23% | Ahmad Kamarudin (PRM) | 116 | 0.30% | 39,057 | 25,512 | 84.44% |
# Solomon Star

The Solomon Star is a Solomon Islands daily, English language newspaper, launched on 25 May 1982. It is produced by the Solomon Star Company, whose owner, publisher and director was Father John Lamani, who served until his death in 2012. Lamani was also one of the paper's co-founders. The newspaper's editor, as of 2004, is Ofani Eremae. In 2023, the Organized Crime and Corruption Reporting Project reported that the Solomon Star received almost $US140,000 from the Chinese government in return for pledges to "promote the truth about China's generosity and its true intentions."
# 1601 in Ireland

"none" is preferred when the title is sufficiently descriptive
Events from the year 1601 in Ireland.

## Incumbent

* Monarch: Elizabeth I

## Events

* January – Nine Years' War: John Óge Burke is captured, and later executed.
* September 19 - 4th Spanish Armada makes landfall at Kinsale.
* October 2 – Siege of Kinsale begins.
* November 30 – Prince Hugh Roe O'Donnell, on his way to the Battle of Kinsale, visits and venerates a relic of the True Cross (Holy rood) on the Feast of St. Andrew, at Holy Cross Abbey.
* Moyry Castle built.

## Deaths

* April – Emon O'Reilly, King of East Breifne
* June – John Óge Burke, rebel soldier.
* November – James FitzGerald, 1st Earl of Desmond, exiled noble (b. c.1570)
* Ulick Burke, 3rd Earl of Clanricarde, noble.
* John Chardon, Church of Ireland Bishop of Down and Connor.
# AmalBank

Amalgamated Holdings and Securities Limited, commonly known as AmalSec & Securities Subsidiaries, is a commercial financial and securities outfit in Ghana.

## History

The firm was incorporated in 1997. In 2006, 49% shareholding in AmalSec was purchased by Meekly Enterprises of Nigeria. Meeky is also a major shareholder in Oceanic Group De Banco, one of Nigeria's leading financial services providers. In 2007, the total asset valuation of AmalSec was estimated at US$136 million. In June 2009, it was reported in the online Ghanaian publication "Public Agenda" that the total assets of AmalSec had doubled in 2008. It is therefore estimated that the total assets of the securities firm, as of June 2009, is approximately US$272 million.

## Acquisition by Banner of Africa Group

In April 2011, majority shareholding (60%) in AmalSec was acquired by the banner of Bank Of Africa Group (B.O.A). AmalSec then went under the umbrella of the parent company Bank Of Africa Ghana Limited (B.O.A)

## Branch network

As of May 2011, the bank has nineteen (19) branches and one agency in the following locations:
* Head Office - Farrar Avenue,
* Kumasi Office - 24 February Road, Kumasi
* Maamobi Office - Nima Highway, Accra
* New Town Office - Hill Street Intersection, New Town
* Central Accra Office - Ollivant Arcade, Accra
* Ridge Office - Kanda Highway Extension, Accra
* Michel Camp Road Office - Aseidua Plaza, Tema
* Tamale Office - Daboya Street, Tamale
* Osu Office - Cantonments Road, Osu
* Takoradi Office - Market Circle, Takoradi
* Kwashieman Office - Motorway Extension, Accra
* East Legon Office - Lagos Avenue, Accra
* Spintex Business office
* Adum Business office
* Tema Business Office
* Dansoman Business Office
* Madina Business Office
* Abossey Okai Business Office
* Sokoban Agency, Kumasi
# Books-A-Million

Books-A-Million, Inc., also known as BAM!, is a bookstore chain in the United States, operating 260 stores in 32 states. Stores range in size from 4,000 to 30,000 square feet and sell books, magazines, manga, collectibles, toys, technology, and gifts. Most Books-A-Million stores feature "Joe Muggs" cafés, a coffee and espresso bar. Stores operate under the names Books-A-Million, Bookland, Books & Company, and 2nd & Charles.
The company owns Yogurt Mountain Holding, a frozen yogurt retailer and franchisor with 40 locations, as well as Preferred Growth Properties, which develops and manages commercial real estate investments. It owns and operates American Wholesale Book Company (AWBC), an e-commerce division operating as booksamillion.com; and an internet development and services company, NetCentral, in Nashville, Tennessee.
In December 2015, the company was acquired by its chairman, Clyde B. Anderson, and his family, for $21 million.

## History

Books-A-Million was founded in 1917 in Florence, Alabama, as a newsstand by 14-year old Clyde W. Anderson, who dropped out of school to support his family after his father died. Anderson saw a business opportunity after workers on the nearby Wilson Dam complained that they could not get their hometown newspapers.
In 1950, Charles C. Anderson, the founder's son, inherited the store and expanded it into a chain. The company incorporated as Bookland in 1964.
By 1980, the company had 50 stores.
In 1988, Bookland acquired the Gateway Books retail chain based in Knoxville, Tennessee. The same year, the company opened its first superstore format store.
In 1992, the company changed its name to Books-A-Million, Inc. and became a public company via an initial public offering of 2.6 million shares at a price of $13 per share.
In 1998, the company launched its website, booksamillion.com.
On November 25, 1998, during the dot-com bubble, the stock price soared from $3 per share to $38.94 on November 27, 1998, and an intra-day high of $47.00 on November 30, 1998, after the company announced an updated website. Two weeks later, the share price was back down to $10. By 2000, the share price had returned to $3. Those days included suspenseful times for day traders, such as when the stock moved up 6 points in 13 minutes. During this time, insiders sold hundreds of thousands of shares.
In 1999, the company acquired NetCentral, the designer of its website, and began operating American Wholesale Book Company, a book wholesaler and distributor.
In April 2010, the company paid $3 million for a 40% stake in Yogurt Mountain, a frozen yogurt retailer and franchisor. Six months later, the company opened Yogurt Mountain locations in its bookstores.
In September 2010, the company launched 2nd & Charles, a trader of used media, with its first store in Hoover, Alabama across from Riverchase Galleria.
In December 2015, the company was acquired by its chairman, Clyde B. Anderson, and his family, for $21 million.
In November 2016, the company began to sell self-published books.
# Marcus Aponius Saturninus

Marcus Aponius Saturninus was a Senator of Imperial Rome, active in the latter half of the first century AD. His parents, also of senatorial rank, were wealthy and owned property in Egypt. He appears in the Acta Arvalia in the year 57 AD; classicist Ronald Syme suggests that he was made a member of the Arval Brethren due to the influence of Annaeus Seneca. Saturninus is mentioned as being present in 66 for sacrifices on the Capitol with the emperor Nero. Tacitus calls him a consul, but the date of his office is uncertain. He may have been consul in 55; Classical scholar Paul Gallivan at the University of Tasmania has argued that Saturninus was suffect consul between 63 and 66, by which time he was recorded as becoming promagister.
Saturninus served as the governor of Moesia in 69, which may have been an appointment of Galba. He repulsed the Sarmatians, who had invaded the province, and was in consequence rewarded by a triumphal statue at the commencement of Otho's reign.

## In the Year of the Four Emperors

During the Year of the Four Emperors, Saturninus and his relative Gaius Dillius Aponianus initially supported Vitellius, to whom Saturninus wrote a letter reporting on the fomenting rebellion. Later Saturninus switched his allegiance to Vespasian, and crossed the Alps to join Marcus Antonius Primus in northern Italy. There, he tried to use the civil war as a pretext for killing a personal rival, his fellow officer Tettius Julianus. Julianus was well-liked by the soldiers, a partisan of Vespasian, and brother-in-law of Vespasian's finance minister, but nonetheless Saturninus accused him of secretly supporting Vitellius. Primus, who was anxious to obtain the supreme command, excited a mutiny of the soldiers against Saturninus, who before his change of allegiance had attempted to assassinate pro-Vespasian factions in his legion. Saturninus was compelled to flee the camp.
Saturninus' fate afterwards is uncertain. He is known to have been proconsul of Asia, and some sources date this appointment to 73/74, but Syme has pointed out some weaknesses in that argument and argued instead for a date of 67/68. Based on Syme's proposed earlier date, and the fact he last appears in the records of the Arval Brethren January 69, it is possible Saturninus died not long after taking flight.

## Saturninus and Caligula

Suetonius tells the story of a man named "Aponius Saturninus" during the reign of the emperor Caligula, who may be the same as this Aponius Saturninus. In this tale, Aponius became drowsy at an auction of imperial property. Caligula maliciously told the auctioneer to consider Aponius's nods of the head as bidding signals, causing the sleeping man to inadvertently purchase 13 gladiators for the astronomical sum of 9 million sesterces.
# Mac Aodh Ua Dubhda

Mac Aodh Ua Dubhda (died 1128) was King of Ui Fiachrach Muaidhe.

## Annalistic reference

* 1128. The battle of Ath-Fhirdhiadh was gained by the cavalry of Conchobhar, the son of Mac Lochlainn, over the cavalry of Tighearnan Ua Ruairc, where Ua Ciardha, lord of Cairbre; Cathal Ua Raghailligh; Sitriuc Ua Maelbrighde; the son of Aedh Ua Dubhda, lord of Ui-Amhalghadha; and many others along with them, were slain, in revenge of the violation Patrick's protection.
| Preceded byMuirchertach An Cullach Ua Dubhda | Kings of Ui Fiachrach Muaidhe 1125?–1128 | Succeeded byAmhlaibh mac Domhnaill Fhinn Ua Dubhda, |
# Pharmacogene Variation Consortium

Pharmacogene Variation Consortium (abbreviated as PhamVar) is an international group of experts that maintains a systematic nomenclature system for allelic variations of genes that affect the metabolism of drugs.
The database is focused on cytochrome P450 enzymes, but is being expanded into other classes of enzymes. The original nomenclature was maintained by the Human CYP Allele Nomenclature Database. However PhamVar took over this function in 2017.
# Musgrave, Cumbria

Musgrave is a civil parish in the Westmorland and Furness district of Cumbria, England. It has a population of 152, and contains the villages of Little Musgrave and Great Musgrave. At the 2011 Census, data for Helbeck was included with Musgrave giving a total population of 165.
# Lambda diode

A lambda diode is an electronic circuit that combines a complementary pair of junction gated field effect transistors into a two-terminal device that exhibits an area of differential negative resistance much like a tunnel diode. The term refers to the shape of the V–I curve of the device, which resembles the Greek letter λ (lambda).
Lambda diodes work at higher voltage than tunnel diodes. Whereas a typical tunnel diode may exhibit negative differential resistance approximately between 70 mV and 350 mV, this region occurs approximately between 1.5 V and 6 V in a lambda diode due to the higher pinch-off voltages of typical JFET devices. A lambda diode therefore cannot replace a tunnel diode directly.
Moreover, in a tunnel diode the current reaches a minimum of about 20% of the peak current before rising again towards higher voltages. The lambda diode current approaches zero as voltage increases, before rising quickly again at a voltage high enough to cause gate–source Zener breakdown in the FETs.
It is also possible to construct a device similar to a lambda diode by combining an n-channel JFET with a PNP bipolar transistor. A suggested modulatable variant but is a bit more difficult to build uses a PNP based optocoupler and can be tweaked by using its IR diode. This has the advantage that its properties can be fine tuned with a simple bias driver and used for high sensitivity radio applications. Sometimes, a modified open can PNP transistor with IR LED can be used instead.

## Applications

Like the tunnel diode, the negative resistance aspect of the lambda diode lends itself naturally to application in oscillator circuits and amplifiers. In addition, bistable circuits such as memory cells have been described.
# Romanian Old Kingdom

The Romanian Old Kingdom (Romanian: Vechiul Regat or just Regat; German: Regat or Altreich) is a colloquial term referring to the territory covered by the first independent Romanian nation state, which was composed of the Romanian Principalities: Wallachia and Moldavia. The union of the two principalities was achieved when, under the auspices of the Treaty of Paris (1856), the ad hoc Divans of both countries, which were then under Ottoman Empire suzerainty, voted for Alexander Ioan Cuza as their prince. This process achieved a de facto unification under the name of the United Principalities of Moldavia and Wallachia. The region itself is defined by the result of that political act, followed by the Romanian War of Independence, the inclusion of Northern Dobruja and the transfer of the southern part of Bessarabia to the Russian Empire in 1878, the proclamation of the Kingdom of Romania in 1881, and the annexation of Southern Dobruja in 1913.
The term came into use after World War I, when the Old Kingdom became Greater Romania, after including Transylvania, Banat, Bessarabia, and Bukovina. The term now has mainly a historical relevance and is otherwise used as a common term for all regions in Romania included in both the Old Kingdom and the present borders (Wallachia, Moldavia, and Northern Dobruja).

## Gallery

* The Romanian Army crossing the Danube during the Romanian War of Independence (1878)
* Romania's Proclamation Act of Kingdom
* Change in the borders of Romania since 1881 (the Old Kingdom is marked in purple)
* The Romanian coat of arms (1881–1921)
* King Carol I (ruled 1866–1914)
* 1901 German map of the Old Kingdom
* The Romanian Old Kingdom in Europe (1914)
* British poster congratulating Romania's entry in World War I on behalf of the Entente
# Radio Folkestone

Radio Folkestone, previously known as 105.9 Academy FM until 11 May 2024, is a community radio station serving the town of Folkestone in Kent, which launched on 31 March 2011.
The station broadcasts 24 hours a day on 105.9 FM. In spring 2015 OFCOM announced that rules relating to on-air advertising for community radio stations would change, which will enable the station to raise limited funds from this source.

## History

The licence for the station was filed with OFCOM in November 2008.
The station relaunched as Radio Folkestone on 11 May 2024 .
# Westover Church

Westover Church is a historic church located 5 miles (8.0 km) west of Charles City off Virginia State Route 5 in Charles City, Virginia, United States. It was built in 1731 and added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1972.
Theodorick Bland of Westover, Walter Aston, and William Byrd I are buried near the original site of the Westover Church. The tomb of Benjamin Harrison IV has also been reported to be on the grounds.

## History

Between 1611 and 1613, as the colonists moved west from Jamestown, several small parishes were formed, Weyanoke, Wallingford, and Wilmington, among others. These parishes later merged and became Westover Parish in 1625 . In 1724 Westover Parish became and remains coterminous with Charles City County.
The predecessor of the existing Westover Church was constructed between 1630 and 1637 on the grounds at Westover. The present sanctuary was completed circa 1730 at its present site on Herring Creek about 1 ½ miles north of the Westover mansion.
The ending of support by public taxation for the Church at the start of the American Revolution in 1776, followed by the disestablishment of the Church of England in America in 1784 resulted in a period of decline. Westover Church was finally abandoned in 1803, and later even used as a barn for a period, during the three decades that services of the Protestant Episcopal Church of Virginia lapsed completely in Charles City County.
However, in about 1833 religious services were revived by a missionary to the county, the Reverend Parke Farley Berkeley. At this time the Church structure was repaired and restored, principally through the efforts of the Harrison family of nearby Berkley Plantation and the Carters of Shirley Plantation a few miles west.
During the American Civil War the church was badly damaged by Federal troops, who used the church as a stable for their horses. Following the war, services were restored in 1867 and Westover Church has been used faithfully ever since.
Worshipers at Westover have included farmers, plantation owners, slaves, as well as US Presidents George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, William Henry Harrison, John Tyler, and Theodore Roosevelt.