OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Betty Cooper Hearnes

Betty Sue Hearnes (née Cooper; July 24, 1927 – December 14, 2023) was an American Democratic Party politician from Missouri.
On July 2, 1948, she married Warren E. Hearnes, a recent West Point graduate, while he was on leave from the United States Army. She was his partner throughout his career, including his two terms as Governor of Missouri and the federal investigations of his conduct by the Nixon White House, until his death in August 2009.
Hearnes was elected to the Missouri House of Representatives from Charleston in 1979, in a special election. She was re-elected in 1980, 1982, 1984, and 1986.
In 1988 she was the Democratic nominee for governor and lost to John Ashcroft. Ashcroft received 64 percent of the vote in the general election—the largest landslide for Missouri governor since the Civil War. She lost bids to return to the state house in 1990, the Missouri State Senate in 1992 and the state house in 1998.
In 2005, both Warren and Betty Hearnes were awarded the Edwin P. Hubble Medal of Initiative during the Charleston Dogwood-Azalea Festival. The medal was presented by a delegation of citizens from Marshfield, Missouri. The medal is the city of Marshfield's highest honor and is named for a native son.
Hearnes died in Charleston, Missouri, on December 14, 2023, at the age of 96.
# × Elyhordeum

× Elyhordeum is a hybrid genus of flowering plant in the grass family Poaceae. Its parents are the genera Elymus and Hordeum. Species are native to subarctic and temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere, and are also found in northwestern Argentina. The genus was established by Rudolf Mansfeld in 1955.

## Species

As of November 2024, Plants of the World Online accepted the following species:
* × Elyhordeum arachleicum Peschkova
* × Elyhordeum arcuatum W.W.Mitch. & H.J.Hodgs.
* × Elyhordeum bowes-lyonii (Melderis) Melderis
* × Elyhordeum californicum (Bowden) Barkworth
* × Elyhordeum chatangense (Roshev.) Tzvelev
* × Elyhordeum dakotense (Bowden) Bowden
* × Elyhordeum detrinense Lysenko
* × Elyhordeum elymoides (Hack.) Hunz. & Xifreda
* × Elyhordeum iowense R.W.Pohl
* × Elyhordeum jordalii (Melderis) Tzvelev
* × Elyhordeum kirbyi M.P.Wilcox
* × Elyhordeum kolymense Prob.
* × Elyhordeum langei (K.Richt.) Melderis
* × Elyhordeum macounii (Vasey) Barkworth & D.R.Dewey
* × Elyhordeum montanense (Scribn.) Bowden
* × Elyhordeum pavlovii (Nevski) Tzvelev
* × Elyhordeum rouxii (Gren. & Duval-Jouve) Kerguélen
* × Elyhordeum schaackianum (Bowden) Bowden
* × Elyhordeum sinegoricum Lysenko
* × Elyhordeum stebbinsianum (Bowden) Bowden
# Armistice of Steyr

The Armistice of Steyr (or Steyer) was a ceasefire agreement between the forces of the Holy Roman Empire and the French Republic that ended active hostilities in the War of the Second Coalition in Germany. It was signed on 25 December 1800 in the Austrian town of Steyr by Archduke Charles of Austria and the French commander, Jean Victor Moreau.
Following the French victory at Hohenlinden on 3 December, the archduke took command of the imperial armies in Germany on 17 December. His priority was signing an armistice. The imperial armies were in disarray, but Moreau had bypassed several Austrian fortresses, which could threaten his lines of communication. There were French cavalry outposts only 40 miles (64 km) from Vienna.
On 18 December, Emperor Francis II's foreign minister, Johann Amadeus von Thugut, drafted new instructions for his plenipotentiary in Paris, Ludwig von Cobenzl. Although Thugut opposed an armistice and preferred to fight "to the knife", he instructed Cobenzl to seek a preliminary peace agreement in order to obtain an armistice. On 23 December, Thugut drafted a formal imperial rescript to Cobenzl authorizing peace negotiations, which has been called the "epitaph" of his policy and which he called the "epitaph of the Monarchy and the glory of Austria". By the time the instructions of the 18th reached Cobenzl on 26 December, the archduke had already signed an armistice the day before.
The armistice of Steyr applied only to Germany and was to last thirty days. Fighting between imperial and French forces continued in Italy. In Italy, the imperial general Heinrich von Bellegarde had to seek a separate armistice with his French counterpart, Guillaume Brune. The armistice of Treviso was signed on 16 January, although news of it was late in reaching Paris.
Since the emperor had pledged to Great Britain not to make peace with France before February, he intended to drag out peace negotiations at least that long. On 27 December, the emperor informed King George III of Great Britain that he was unable to fulfill his obligations to the alliance and was treating with France. On 31 December, Cobenzl officially informed the French that he would sign a peace treaty without Britain.
The Treaty of Lunéville that formally ended the war was signed on 9 February 1801.
# Brunei–Oman relations

Brunei and Oman established diplomatic relations in 1984. Brunei has an embassy in Muscat, and Oman has an embassy in Bandar Seri Begawan. Both countries are members of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation.

## History

Relations have been established since 24 March 1984 with both countries former protectorates of European powers, such as the British for Brunei and the Portuguese for Oman, and both are now governed by an Islamic absolute monarchy.

## Economic relations

Several memorandum of understanding has been signed between the two countries such as agreement between the Universiti Brunei Darussalam with the Sultan Qaboos University in education sector and the establishment of Omani-Brunei Investment Company. There is also a co-operation in telecommunications between Telekom Brunei and Bahwan CyberTek with a joint-venture between the two companies.
# Metrodorea

Metrodorea is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Rutaceae.
It is native to Peru, Bolivia and Brazil.
The genus name of Metrodorea is in honour of Metrodorus (c. 1st century BC), student of a healer named Sabinus. It was first described and published in Fl. Bras. Merid. Vol.1 on page 81 in 1825.

## Known species

According to Kew:
* Metrodorea concinna Pirani & P.Dias
* Metrodorea flavida K.Krause
* Metrodorea maracasana Kaastra
* Metrodorea mollis Taub.
* Metrodorea nigra A.St.-Hil.
* Metrodorea stipularis Mart.
# Morley Roberts

Morley Charles Roberts (29 December 1857 – 8 June 1942) was an English novelist and short story writer, best known for The Private Life of Henry Maitland.

## Life and work

Roberts was born in London, the son of William Henry Roberts (1831–1908), a superintending inspector of income tax, and Catherine, née Pullen. He was educated at Bedford Grammar School, and Owens College, Manchester, England.
Near the end of 1876 Roberts took a steerage passage to Australia and landed at Melbourne in January 1877. The next three years were spent in obtaining colonial experience, mostly on sheep stations in New South Wales, and Roberts then returned to London. For a time he worked in the war office and other government departments, but again went on his travels and had varied occupations in the United States and Canada between 1884 and 1886. He later travelled in Oceania, Australia, South Africa, amongst other parts of the world.
Roberts used his experiences freely in his books, the first being The Western Avernus (1887), a travelogue taking place in North America. While it was his most successful publication, his portrayals of Indigenous and Chinese people were marred by racism. Roberts began his long series of novels and short stories in 1890. Of his novels, Rachel Marr (1903) was highly praised by William Henry Hudson. His novel Prey of the Strongest (1906), was the first accurate depiction of British Columbia mills, woods, and gambling halls. The Private Life of Henry Maitland (1912), based on the life of George Gissing the novelist, was one of his most important works. Roberts also wrote essays, biography, drama and verse, and did some competent work in biology. He married Alice, daughter of the playwright Angiolo Robson Slous, and died in London aged 84 on 8 June 1942.
He was only a few years in Australia, but there are many Australian references both in his novels and his short stories. Storm Jameson, who wrote a short biography of Roberts in 1961, considered Time and Thomas Waring to be his best novel. An exhaustive bibliography by Markus Neacey of his novels and other writings and writings about him can be found in the July 2012 number of English Literature in Transition. Roberts has featured in several articles in The Gissing Journal. Victorian Secrets have published a scholarly edition of the Selected Stories of Morley Roberts (Brighton: Victorian Secrets, 2015), edited with an introduction by Markus Neacey.
# Ram Reifen

Ram Reifen (Hebrew: רם רייפן; born April 26, 1954) is an Israeli scholar, a pediatric gastroenterologist, a professor of Human Nutrition, at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem's Robert H Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food, and Environment.

## Education

Reifen was born and raised in Rehovot, Israel, to Chana and Yaakov Reifen. Reifen received his MD in 1982 and was certified as a pediatrician in 1989. In 1994, Reifen received a Board Certification in Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition from the Israel Medical Association.

## Career

In 1994, Reifen joined as a lecturer at the School of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural Food and Environmental Quality Sciences, Hebrew University of Jerusalem at Rehovot and became a full professor status in 2012.
In 2005, Reifen Founded and served as an Academic Director of the M.Sc. Nutritional Sciences Program for international students. Since 2014, Reifen has been the Director of the Research Centre for Nutrigenomics and Functional Foods at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem.

## ChickP

After conducting a 15-year research on chickpeas, Reifen developed a process for extracting the chickpea protein. This process became a registered patent belonging to Reifen and the Hebrew University and a business venture that later developed into ChickP Protein Ltd, a company managed by Reifen. ChickP Protein Ltd is currently marketing an Isolate protein powder used in many commercial planet-based products replacement for Meat, cheese, fish and eggs.
# Scott Edwards (footballer)

Scott Edwards (born 23 August 1968) is an Australian rules footballer who played for the Fremantle Dockers between 1995 and 1996. He was drafted from Claremont in the WAFL as a foundation selection in the 1994 AFL draft and played mainly as a wingman.
Edwards played in five WAFL Grand Finals for Claremont, winning 4 premierships. His father, Dale Edwards, also won a premiership with Claremont in 1964. His brother Marc played a few games for Claremont in 1992.
# The Friday Show

The Friday Show is an Australian television news and conservative commentary program broadcast weekly on Sky News Australia, hosted by Rita Panahi. The show was a replacement of axed format Keneally and Cameron, and as such debuted without promotion, surprising regular viewers of the former program.
The series focuses mainly on political and financial topics, with various Sky News regular contributors and journalists discussing events of the week. The programs airs at 4pm Sydney time on Friday afternoons, in the timeslot PM Agenda (now Speers) holds on other weekdays.
The program was broadcast from the Sky News studios in the Sydney suburb of Macquarie Park and has news updates from a Sky News presenter every half hour throughout the show, however from 2018 is broadcast from Melbourne.
On 19 February 2016, The Friday Show marked the twentieth anniversary of Sky News at the beginning of the second hour of the program at 5:00pm AEDT, aligning with the exact time of the first broadcast of the channel twenty years earlier, by playing the 1996 opening introduction to Sky News.
On 8 July 2016, while Perrett was on holidays, Kristina Keneally and Peta Credlin guest co-hosted the program. It marks the first time Keneally has returned to hosting the timeslot since the demise of Keneally and Cameron.
Perrett was made host of late night program Heads Up from the beginning of 2018 which saw Panahi made host from 23 March 2018.
# Zale Corporation

The Zale Corporation (best known as Zales) is an American jewelry retailer, incorporated in Delaware in 1993. The principal executive offices are located in Coppell, Texas.

## History

The company began in 1924 in Wichita Falls, Texas, when the two Russian-Jewish immigrant brothers Morris (M. B.) Zale and William Zale (born Zalefsky/Zalewski), along with Ben Lipshy opened the first Zales Jewelers store (now a division in the multi-division company).
As a marketing strategy, the Zale brothers instituted a credit plan whereby customers could pay "a penny down and a dollar a week", making jewelry and other merchandise affordable for the average working American. The success of this credit policy led to the company expanding to a total of 12 stores in Oklahoma and Texas by 1941. Zales Jewelers moved its headquarters from Wichita Falls to Dallas in 1946. In 1998, online shopping was opened at www.zales.com.

## Corporate restructuring

In 1957, Zales Jewelers opened its first store in a shopping center—a major shift from operating only in downtown locations. The same year, Zales announced the initial public offering of its stock (ZLC) and began trading its public shares on the American Stock Exchange in 1958. In 1989, Zale acquired Gordon's Jewelers, which had been a major competitor. Zales bought the Skillern Drug pharmacy chain in the 1960s, but sold it in 1980.
Until 1986, Zales operated a catalog showroom called O. G. Wilson.
In 1986, People's Jewelers bought Zales.
On January 1, 1992, Zale filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy.
In 1999 and 2000, Zale expanded with two major acquisitions: Peoples Jewellers of Canada and Piercing Pagoda.
In 2007, the company divested its Bailey Banks & Biddle brand to Finlay Enterprises.
In February 2014, Signet Jewelers agreed to buy Zale Corporation, with Zale shareholders receiving US$21 a share in cash in US$1.3 billion deal. The merger created a $6.2 billion firm.
In January 2017, Zales announced it would close a handful of its mall stores when the leases expire, to avoid duplication with former rival Kay Jewelers.
In 2018, the company moved its headquarters to a new building in Coppell, Texas.
# Steven Maeda

Steven Maeda is an American television producer and screenwriter. He has written episodes of television series such as Harsh Realm, The X-Files, CSI: Miami, Lost, and Day Break. He has also served as a supervising producer on Lost and CSI: Miami. He was also the executive producer of Lie To Me and is currently the executive producer of One Piece, having served as one of the showrunners for its first season.

## Career

Maeda joined the crew of Lost as a supervising producer and writer for the series second season in 2005. Maeda and the Lost writing staff won the Writers Guild of America (WGA) Award for Best Dramatic Series at the February 2006 ceremony for their work on the first and second seasons. The writing staff were nominated for the award again at the February 2007 ceremony for their work on the second and third seasons. Maeda did not return for the series' third season.
In 2011, Maeda was hired as showrunner of Pan Am, in the middle of its first season. He also served as executive producer and showrunner for Syfy's Helix. In January 2020, He was announced as the showrunner of One Piece, an upcoming Netflix original series based on the manga series by Eiichiro Oda.

## Filmography

| Year(s) | Title | Credited | Credited | Credited | Note |
| Year(s) | Title | Writer | Executive producer | Other | Note |
| 2000 | Harsh Realm | Yes | Yes | | |
| 2000–2002 | The X-Files | Yes | | Story editor | |
| 2002–2005 | CSI: Miami | Yes | Yes | | |
| 2005–2006 | Lost | Yes | Yes | | |
| 2006–2007 | Day Break | Yes | Yes | | |
| 2009 | Lie to Me | Yes | Yes | | |
| 2010 | Miami Medical | Yes | Yes | | |
| 2011–2012 | Pan Am | | Yes | Showrunner | |
| 2012 | Unforgettable | Yes | Yes | | |
| 2014–2015 | Helix | Yes | Yes | Showrunner | |
| 2016–2017 | Conviction | | Yes | | |
| 2018 | Salvation | Yes | Yes | | |
| 2023 | One Piece | Yes | Yes | Showrunner | |
# HMS Eclipse

Eight ships of Britain's Royal Navy have been named HMS Eclipse:
* HMS Eclipse (1797), a 12-gun, 169-ton gunboat launched at Blackwall on 29 March 1797. She was offered for sale in August 1802, and was sold in October.
* HMS Eclipse (1804), a 4-gun Vesuve-class French brig originally called Volage, and then Venteux, that the Royal Navy captured in 1803 and initially named HMS Eagle until it renamed her in 1804. It sold her in April 1807.
* HMS Eclipse (1807) an 18-gun Cruizer-class brig-sloop launched at Dover on 4 August 1807 and sold on 31 August 1815. She traded with India until 1823. Then between 1823 and 1845 she made seven voyages as a whaler.
* HMS Eclipse (1819), a 10-gun Cherokee-class brig-sloop that for a time became a Post Office Packet Service packet, sailing out of Falmouth, Cornwall. She was sold on 10 November 1863.
* HMS Eclipse (1860), a 700-ton wooden screw sloop launched at Millwall on 18 September 1860 and broken up in July 1867.
* HMS Eclipse (1867), a 1,267-ton Eclipse-class wooden screw sloop originally named Sappho but renamed before her launch at Sheerness on 14 November 1867. Converted to store ship by 1888 and sold in 1921.
* HMS Eclipse, the lead ship of her class of cruisers. Launched at Portsmouth on 19 July 1894 and sold in August 1921.
* HMS Eclipse, an E-class destroyer launched at Denny on 12 April 1934 and sunk by a mine in the Aegean Sea on 24 October 1943.

## Citations

* ↑ "No. 15508". The London Gazette. 21 August 1802. p. 888.
# Žarko Nikolić

Žarko Nikolić (Serbian Cyrillic: Жарко Николић; 16 October 1936 – 22 August 2011) was a Yugoslav and Serbian footballer who played as a defender.

## Career

Born in Novi Sad, Nikolić played for Vojvodina from 1954 to 1966, amassing over 200 appearances in the Yugoslav First League and helping them win the championship in the 1965–66 season. He subsequently moved abroad to West Germany and joined Schalke 04, spending two seasons at the club. Before retiring from the game, Nikolić had a brief second spell with Vojvodina.
At international level, Nikolić was capped nine times for Yugoslavia. He represented his country at one European Nations' Cup (finishing runner-up in 1960) and one World Cup (1962). Nikolić was also a member of the team that won the gold medal at the 1960 Summer Olympics, but he did not play in any matches.

## Honours
### Club
#### Vojvodina

* Yugoslav First League: 1965–66

### International
#### Yugoslavia

* Olympic Games: 1960
* European Nations' Cup: Runner-up 1960
# Pauline Grabosch

Pauline Sophie Grabosch (born 14 January 1998) is a German track cyclist, representing Germany at international competitions. She won the a Bronze medal in the Women's Team Sprint at the 2024 Paris Olympics. She won the silver medal at the 2016 UEC European Track Championships in the 500m time trial.

## Major results
### 2016

    3rd Team Sprint, Memorial of Alexander Lesnikov (with Emma Hinze)
    3rd Team Sprint, Grand Prix of Tula (with Emma Hinze)

### 2017

    GP von Deutschland im Sprint
       1st Keirin
       1st Team Sprint (with Miriam Welte
       3rd Sprint
    2nd 500m Time Trial, UEC European Track Championships
    2nd Sprint, Cottbuser SprintCup
# Santiago Ford

Santiago Aldofo Ford (born 25 August 1997) is a Chilean decathlete. He was a gold medalist at the 2023 Pan American Games.

## Early and personal life

Ford was born in Cuba in 1997, and moved to Chile in 2018 by unofficial means. He obtained Chilean citizenship on January 9, 2023. He based himself in La Granja, Chile.

## Career

Competing for Cuba, he was fourth in 2016 in the decathlon at the IAAF World U20 Championships in Bydgoszcz, Poland.
After moving from Cuba to Chile, he won the Chilean national title in the triple jump in 2021. At the 2023 South American Athletics Championship held in São Paulo, he won the silver in the decathlon event, with a new personal best score (7845). He was a gold medalist in the decathlon at the 2023 Pan American Games.
# Church of St Leonard, Thorpe Malsor

The Church of St Leonard (also called the Church of All Saints) is a Grade II* listed English parish church in Thorpe Malsor, Northamptonshire. Renovations carried out in 1877 by Clapton Rolfe of Reading somewhat altered the character of its mediaeval (13th–15th century) structures. Many of the Maunsells of Thorpe Malsor Hall are buried and memorialised there.

## Gallery

* Interior view, c. 1903
* Side chapel, showing family monuments, c. 1903
# Tipo

Tipo is "type" in Italian and many other languages which means that it is used as part of a numerical designator on many products; it may also refer to:

## Arts, entertainment, and media
### Magazines

* Rico Tipo, a weekly Argentine comic magazine

### Music

* Tipo Grupė, a Lithuanian musical group

## Organizations
### Political organizations

* Taiwan Intellectual Property Office (TIPO) is the patent, trademark, and copyright office of Taiwan

### Sports

* Scandinavian Tipo Trophy, the Finnish Open golf tournament
* Tipos aréna is an indoor arena in Bratislava, Slovakia
* Tipos Extraliga, a Slovakian ice hockey league

### People

* Maria Tipo, an Italian pianist
* Mu Tipo, a Chinese Northern Qi dynasty official

## Places

* Pala Tipo, a lake in northeast India
* Tipo-Tipo, a municipality in the Philippines

## Plants

* Tipo (or tipollo) is a local name for Minthostachys mollis

## Science and technology

* Sony Xperia tipo, an Android smartphone

## Vehicles

This list is limited to automobiles which use "Tipo" as a proper name rather than part of a numerical designation.
* Fiat Tipo (Type 160), a compact car
* Fiat Tipo (2015), a compact family car

## Other uses

* Battle of Tipo-Tipo, a 2016 battle against insurgents in the Philippines
* Tipodex, a medication that decreases stomach acid production