OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Michelangelo Fardella

Michelangelo Fardella (born Trapani, 1650 – died Naples, January 2, 1718) was an Italian scientist and mathematician.

## Biography

Fardella was born at Trapani, Sicily, and died in Naples. He was a member of the Order of Friars Minor. He excelled in physics and mathematics, and was both the chair of philosophy in Modena and of astronomy and philosophy in Padua. He embraced the philosophy of René Descartes, after learning the principles during a voyage which he made to Paris (1678) from conversations with Antoine Arnauld, Nicolas Malebranche and Bernard Lamy.

## Works

Some of his principal works are:
* Universæ philosophiæ systema, Venice, 1691, in-12
* Universæ usualis mathematicæ theoria, 1691
* This Italian scientist article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Calexico–Mexicali

Calexico–Mexicali is a transborder agglomeration in southeastern California (in the United States) and northwestern Baja California (in Mexico) with its center being the border between the sister cities of Calexico and Mexicali. The agglomeration lies within a large geologic region known as the Salton Trough with the city of Calexico located in the Imperial Valley on the United States side of the border, and Mexicali located in the Mexicali Valley on the Mexico side of the border.
Calexico–Mexicali is one of two transborder agglomerations on the California-Baja California border; the other is San Diego–Tijuana.
# Charles Lim

Charles Lim Yi Yong (Chinese: 林育荣; pinyin: Lín Yùróng; born 10 July 1973) is a Singaporean contemporary artist and former Olympic sailor. Lim's work as an artist spans film, installation, sound, text, drawing, and photography. He co-founded the seminal Singapore-based internet art collective, tsunamii.net. In 2015, he represented Singapore at their national pavilion in the prestigious Venice Biennale, with the exhibition SEA STATE.
Lim was a former national sailor who competed in the 1996 Summer Olympics representing Singapore in the men's 470 event, and Team China in the 2007 America's Cup.

## Career

In 2005, Lim began developing a body of work titled SEA STATE, which explores the political, biophysical and psychic contours of Singapore through the lenses of the sea. The artist's practice involves extensive research about Singapore's maritime history and its geography, examining the impact of mankind on the physical environment, and the relationships between nature and technology, land and sea. For the installation SEA STATE 9: proclamation garden (2019), Lim replaced the original ornamental landscaping in the National Gallery Singapore's roof garden with 30 species of plants foraged from reclaimed areas. This was intended to draw attention to life that was disrupted and re-emerged elsewhere, and unsettle neat settler-colonizer tropes. This work recalibrates the habitual behaviours of museum staff and the public, asking visitors to accept the coexistence of fauna other than themselves.
# Peridinin

Peridinin is a light-harvesting apocarotenoid, a pigment associated with chlorophyll and found in the peridinin-chlorophyll-protein (PCP) light-harvesting complex in dinoflagellates, best studied in Amphidinium carterae.

## Biological significance

Peridinin is an apocarotenoid pigment that some organisms use in photosynthesis. Many photosynthetic dinoflagellates use peridinin, which absorbs blue-green light in the 470–550 nm range, outside the range accessible to chlorophyll molecules. The peridinin-chlorophyll-protein complex is a specialized molecular complex consisting of a boat-shaped protein molecule with a large central cavity that contains peridinin, chlorophyll, and lipid molecules, usually in a 4:1 ratio of peridinin to chlorophyll.

## Spectral characteristics

* Absorption maximum: 483 nm
* Emission maximum: 676 nm
* Extinction coefficient (ε): 1.96 x 10$^6$M$^{−1}$cm$^{−1}$
* A$_{483}$/A$_{280}$ ≥ 4.6

## Applications

Peridinin chlorophyll (PerCP) is commonly used in immunoassays such as fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) and flow cytometry. The fluorophore is covalently linked to proteins or antibodies for use in research applications.
# Cullman City Schools

34°10′34.54″N 86°50′50.97″W﻿ / ﻿34.1762611°N 86.8474917°W﻿ / 34.1762611; -86.8474917
The Cullman City Board of Education is composed of schools that serve the city of Cullman, Alabama, US. As of 2022, there were 3,226 students enrolled in Cullman City Schools.
Its boundary is the majority of the city.

## Schools

* Cullman City Head Start
* Cullman City Primary School
* East Elementary School
* West Elementary School
* Cullman Middle School
* Cullman High School
* Turning Point (Cullman City Alternative School)
# Panty Raider: From Here to Immaturity

Panty Raider: From Here to Immaturity is an adventure game developed by Hypnotix and published by Simon & Schuster Interactive in 2000 for Microsoft Windows.

## Plot

The story of the game involves three aliens who were accidentally shipped a lingerie catalogue from planet Earth. After the catalogue was "used up" by the aliens, they travel to Earth in search of more photos of models. The aliens capture the main character of the game and give him tools in order to get models to remove their clothing and be photographed. If he does not comply, the aliens will destroy Earth.

## Reception

NPD Techworld, a firm that tracked sales the United States, reported 28,692 units sold of Panty Raider by December 2002.
# 1934 in Taiwan

Events from the year 1934 in Taiwan, Empire of Japan.

## Incumbents
### Monarchy

* Emperor: Hirohito

### Central government of Japan

* Prime Minister: Saitō Makoto, Keisuke Okada

### Taiwan

* Governor-General – Nakagawa Kenzō

## Births

* 1 July – Chen Kuei-miao, acting Mayor of Tainan (1985)
* 25 August – Hsiao Teng-tzang, Ministry of Justice (1988–1989)
* 24 December – Chen Chin-hsing, Magistrate of Hsinchu County (1981–1989)
# Strule Arts Centre

Strule Arts Centre (Irish: Ionad Ealaíne na Sruthaile; Ulster-Scots: Strule Hoose o Airts) is a multi-purpose arts venue in Omagh, County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. The Omagh tourist information office is located on the ground floor. The centre is owned and run by Omagh District Council.

## History

In 2003 Omagh's Town Hall was demolished to make way for the new Strule Arts Centre Arts. It cost £10.5 million and opened on 8 June 2007, overlooking the River Strule which flows through the town centre. It is part of a wider regeneration project for the High Street, George Street and Riverside area of Omagh. It was designed by architects Kennedy Fitzgerald and Associates. The centre was officially opened in January 2008 by Edwin Poots, then Minister for Culture, Arts and Leisure, and Margaret Ritchie, Minister for Social Development.
# Alfred Feist

Alfred Feist (21 February 1835 – 3 December 1873) was a New Zealand brethren preacher. He was born in Chiddingly, Sussex, England on 21 February 1835.
# Stephen Quake

Stephen Ronald Quake (born 1969) is an American physicist, inventor, and entrepreneur.

## Education and career

Quake earned his B.S. in physics and M.S. in mathematics from Stanford in 1991 and his D.Phil. in theoretical physics from Oxford University in 1994 as a Marshall Scholar. His thesis research was in statistical mechanics and the effects of knots on polymers. He did his postdoctoral work at Stanford in single-molecule biophysics with Steven Chu. Quake joined the faculty of the California Institute of Technology at the age of 26, where he rose through the ranks and was ultimately appointed the Thomas and Doris Everhart Professor of Applied Physics and Physics. He moved back to Stanford University in 2005 to help launch a new department in Bioengineering, where he is now the Lee Otterson Professor of Bioengineering and Applied Physics. From 2006 to 2016 he was an Investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. He is an Andrew D. White Professor-at-Large at Cornell University.
Quake was elected a member of the National Academy of Engineering in 2013 for achievements in single-cell analysis and large-scale integration of microfluidic devices. He has also been elected to the National Academy of Sciences, the Institute of Medicine, the American Physical Society, the American Institute for Medical and Biological Engineering and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.
He is the recipient of numerous international awards, including the Human Frontiers of Science Nakasone Prize, the Jacob Heskel Gabbay Award (2015), the Lemelson–MIT Prize for Innovation, the Raymond and Beverly Sackler International Prize in Biophysics, the NIH Director’s Pioneer Award, the American Society of Microbiology’s Promega Biotechnology Award, and the Royal Society of Chemistry Publishing’s Pioneer of Miniaturization Award. He has founded or co-founded several companies, including Fluidigm, Helicos Biosciences, Verinata Health, Quanticel Pharmaceuticals, Moleculo, Cellular Research and Immumetrix.
Quake is known for his new approaches to biological measurement. He has made contributions to the field of microfluidics, including the invention of microfluidic large scale integration, and developed applications of microfluidics to structural biology, drug discovery, and molecular affinity measurements. He has also made contributions to the field of genomics, including single molecule DNA sequencing, techniques to perform single cell gene expression and genome sequencing, the development of non-invasive prenatal diagnostics to replace amniocentesis, prenatal genome sequencing, non-invasive tests for heart transplant rejection, and the development of approaches to sequence and analyze an individual's immune system. His genome was the subject of clinical annotation by a large team in the Stanford Hospital.
Since 2022, Quake has been the head of the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative Science division.

## Relationship with He Jiankui

Quake is also known as a former postdoctoral adviser to He Jiankui, the controversial scientist who purportedly created the world's first gene-edited babies. Quake claimed he had told him not to proceed with the experiment.
# Molalan, Masally

Molalan (also, Mololan) is a village and municipality in the Masally Rayon of Azerbaijan. It has a population of 395.
# Karl Goehring

Karl Goehring (born August 23, 1978, in Apple Valley, Minnesota) is a retired American professional ice hockey goaltender who is currently an assistant coach with the UND Fighting Hawks of the NCHC. He led Apple Valley High School to a win in the 1996 Minnesota State High School League Boys' Hockey Tournament. He also led the University of North Dakota to a win in the 2000 NCAA Men's Ice Hockey Championship.

## Playing career

Goehring played four seasons for the Syracuse Crunch in the AHL, and following the abrupt departure of Tim Thomas from Jokerit in the Finnish SM-liiga, he signed with Jokerit for the 2005–06 season. Goehring was recommended to Jokerit management by Tim Thomas as a winning goaltender, but Goehring played a disappointing early season and was taken off goaltending duties in November. On November 18, 2005, he signed with the San Antonio Rampage in the AHL. Goehring was signed by the Nashville Predators on November 23, 2006, and reassigned to the Milwaukee Admirals four days later.
Goehring was released from Wilkes-Barre/Scranton on November 13, 2007. He signed a professional tryout contract (PTO) with the Norfolk Admirals on November 20, 2007. Goehring then signed a professional tryout contract with the Syracuse Crunch. On March 3, 2008, Goehring was named AHL Player of the Week. On July 3, 2008, Goehring was signed by the Manitoba Moose of the American Hockey League.

## Coaching career

Goehring had offers to play in Germany in the 2009–10 season, but instead of waiting to see if more opportunities arose closer to the beginning of the season on July 24, 2009, he retired from professional hockey to begin his career in coaching. He took up an assistant coaching role with the Syracuse Crunch of the AHL, with whom he set franchise records for most games played by a goaltender (176) and wins (78) during his four-year stint with the team as a player. The Crunch later let go Goehring and the rest of their coaching staff. He returned to the Crunch before the 2017-18 season following Crunch goaltending coach David Alexander's departure to the St. Louis Blues.
After two seasons with the Crunch, he returned to his alma-mater to become a full-time assistant coach with the UND Fighting Hawks.

## Personal life

Goehring is the father to Lily Kate (Lily Kate Goehring) who won episode 4 of NBC's Dancing with Myself.

## Awards and honors

| Award | Year |
| USHL Dave Tyler Junior Player of the Year Award | 1997 |
| All-WCHA Rookie Team | 1997–98 |
| All-WCHA First Team | 1997–98 |
| AHCA West Second-Team All-American | 1997–98 |
| All-WCHA Second Team | 1998–99 |
| All-WCHA First Team | 1999–00 |
| AHCA West First-Team All-American | 1999–00 |
| All-NCAA All-Tournament Team | 2000 |
# Agriculture, Fisheries and Conservation Department

The Agriculture, Fisheries and Conservation Department (Chinese: 漁農自然護理署; formerly the Agriculture and Fisheries Department (漁農署) before 2000, of the Hong Kong Government is responsible for agriculture and fisheries in Hong Kong, conservation projects and issues, and managing the country parks and special areas.
It currently reports to the Environment and Ecology Bureau, though previously it was under the Secretary for Food and Health from 2007 to 2022, Secretary for Health, Welfare and Food and Secretary for the Environment, Transport and Works, and before 2000, the Secretary for Economic Services. The department is also responsible for issuing special, transshipment and pet import permits for pet animals, plants to be transshipped through or imported into Hong Kong.

## History

The name and remit of the department was previously:
* 1946-1950 - Agriculture Department
* 1950-1960 - Department of Agriculture, Fisheries, and Forestry
* 1960-1964 - Agriculture and Forestry Department
* 1964-1973 - Agriculture and Fisheries Department

## Director

The department is headed by the Director of Agriculture, Fisheries and Conservation (titled Director of Agriculture and Fisheries before 2000). The current director is Dr Leung Siu-fai.

### List of directors

* Jack Cater (1964-1965)
* Edward Hewitt Nichols (Apr 1966 to Jan 1980)
* Dr John Morrison Riddell-Swan (Mar 1980 to 1985 or later)
* Lessie Wei (1997 to 2002)
* Alan Wong Chi-kong (17 Aug 2009 - 25 July 2015)
* Dr Leung Siu-fai (July 2015 to present)

## History

In January 2022, the AFCD banned the importation of hamsters after some were infected with COVID-19; in January 2023, the AFCD lifted the ban, but required that imported hamsters test negative for the virus.
# ANVUR

ANVUR (Agenzia Nazionale di Valutazione del Sistema Universitario e della Ricerca) is the Italian National Agency for the Evaluation of the University and Research Systems. ANVUR was established by a 2006 law with the objective of improving meritocracy in Italian academic research. It was based on Aeres in France and the Research Excellence Framework (REF) in the United Kingdom.
ANVUR began to compile its assessment of Italian research, the "VQR" (eValuation of the Quality of Research) in November 2011, assessing 95 universities, 21 research agencies or institutes, and 17 inter-university consortia.
With the entry into office of the Berlusconi IV government, and of the new Minister of Education, University and Research Mariastella Gelmini, the different political orientations regarding the evaluation of the university system and research materialized in the request by the Minister of an amendment to the Agency's Regulations, on which, moreover, the not full satisfaction of an observation by the State Council regarding the definition of the functional organization of the offices was also pending. Having set up a commission of experts and having made some changes, albeit not extensive, to the text, the Minister proposed the adoption of the new Regulation in a preliminary version on 24 July 2009. Following the observations of the Council of State and the parliamentary committees, it was then definitively modified on 17 December 2009. After the signature of the presidential decree on 1 February 2010 and the registration of the Court of Auditors on 13 May (with two points of exclusion), publication in the Official Gazette it arrived on May 27; the implementation operations of the Agency, in particular the appointment of the members of the Board of Directors, could therefore have started from its entry into force, on 11 June 2010.
# 1937 in Taiwan

Events from the year 1937 in Taiwan, Empire of Japan.

## Incumbents
### Monarchy

* Emperor: Hirohito

### Central government of Japan

* Prime Minister: Kōki Hirota, Senjūrō Hayashi, Fumimaro Konoe

### Taiwan

* Governor-General – Seizō Kobayashi

## Events

* December - the Ministry of Basic Industries(Republic of China) was reorganized as the Ministry of Economic Affairs.
Japan conquer Pratas Island.

## Births

* 19 June – Li Kuei-hsien, author and poet
* 2 October – Liu Cheng-tao, cyclist
# Collateral damage (disambiguation)

Collateral damage is a U.S. military term for unintended or incidental damage during a military operation.
Collateral damage may also refer to:

## Film

* Collateral Damage (1993 film), a Canadian short drama film directed by Leonard Farlinger
* Collateral Damage (2002 film), an American action film starring Arnold Schwarzenegger

## Music

* Collateral Damage (album), by Spahn Ranch, 1993
* "Collateral Damage", a song by Brutal Truth from Extreme Conditions Demand Extreme Responses, 1992
* "Collateral Damage", a track by Muse from The Resistance, 2009

## Television episodes

* "Collateral Damage" (Black-ish), 2018
* "Collateral Damage" (CSI: Miami), 2009
* "Collateral Damage" (Doctors), 2003
* "Collateral Damage" (Edgemont), 2000
* "Collateral Damage" (Millennium), 1999
* "Collateral Damage" (NCIS), 2008
* "Collateral Damage" (The Pretender), 1998
* "Collateral Damage" (Stargate SG-1), 2006
* "Collateral Damage" (The Wire), 2003
* "Collateral Damages" (Law & Order: Special Victims Unit), 2016

## Other uses

* Collateral Damage, a 2023 Ali Reynolds novel by J. A. Jance
* Collateral Damage, a 2006 DC HeroClix supplement
# Pietro Borghese

Pietro Borghese (also called Pietro della Francesca; 1398–1484) was an Italian painter of the early Renaissance period. He is described as being born in Borgo San Sepolcro, painting battle-scenes, and influencing Melozzo da Forlì. This may in fact be a painter confused with Piero della Francesca.
# A Crossbreed

"A Crossbreed" (German: "Eine Kreuzung") is a short story by Franz Kafka.
The story is about an animal that is half-kitten, half-lamb. The narrator describes how the creature has characteristics of each breed of animal, yet also has distinctive attributes of its own. In much of the story, great care is taken to describe the animal's peculiar eating habits (e.g. drinking milk while showing fangs). Some analysis has been made to make parallels between this story and Tolstoy's emphasis on food and human behavior.
Like most of his works, Kafka wrote the story with no intent on it being published, though it was published posthumously in Beim Bau der Chinesischen Mauer (Berlin, 1931). The first English translation by Willa and Edwin Muir was published by Martin Secker in London in 1933. It appeared in The Great Wall of China. Stories and Reflections (New York City: Schocken Books, 1946).
# Hibbertia cistifolia

Hibbertia cistifolia is a species of flowering plant in the family Dilleniaceae and is endemic to northern Australia. It is a prostrate to low-lying sub-shrub with trailing, wiry stems, hairy foliage, oblong to elliptic leaves and yellow flowers arranged in leaf axils, with forty to fifty-eight stamens arranged around the two carpels.

## Description

Hibbertia cistifolia is a prostrate to low-lying sub-shrub that typically grows to a height of up to 30 cm (12 in), its stems wiry and the foliage covered with rosette-like hairs. The leaves are mostly oblong or elliptic to lance-shaped with the narrower end towards the base, 20–40 mm (0.79–1.57 in) long and 5.0–12.5 mm (0.20–0.49 in) wide on a petiole 0.2–2.4 mm (0.0079–0.0945 in) long. The flowers are arranged singly in leaf axils on a wiry peduncle 25–35 mm (0.98–1.38 in) long, with linear to lance-shaped bracts 3–4.5 mm (0.12–0.18 in) long. The five sepals are joined at the base, the two outer sepal lobes 8.5–10.4 mm (0.33–0.41 in) long and the inner lobes 6.4–7.2 mm (0.25–0.28 in) long. The five petals are broadly egg-shaped with the narrower end towards the base, yellow, 8–15 mm (0.31–0.59 in) long with a deep notch at the tip. There are forty to fifty-eight stamens arranged around the two carpels, each carpel with two ovules. Flowering occurs from December to June.

## Taxonomy

Hibbertia cistifolia was first formally described in 1817 by Augustin Pyramus de Candolle in his Regni Vegetabilis Systema Naturale from an unpublished description by Robert Brown.

## Distribution and habitat

This hibbertia grows in woodland on sandy flats and gravelly slopes in the north of the Northern Territory and on Cape York Peninsula in Queensland.

## Conservation status

Goodenia cistifolia is classified as of "least concern" under the Northern Territory Government Territory Parks and Wildlife Conservation Act 1976 and the Queensland Government Nature Conservation Act 1992.
# 1910 in Taiwan

Events from the year 1910 in Taiwan, Empire of Japan.

## Incumbents
### Monarchy

* Emperor: Meiji

### Central government of Japan

* Prime Minister: Katsura Tarō

### Taiwan

* Governor-General – Sakuma Samata

## Events
### October

* 1 October – The opening of Lumachan railway station in Tainan Prefecture

### December

* 16 December – The opening of Shoufeng railway station in Karenkō Prefecture

## Births

* 22 March – Thomas Liao, activist
# Marya Carter

Marya "Sally" Carter (born Zella Maria Grajeda; May 12, 1942) is an American model and actress. She was Playboy magazine's Playmate of the month for its May 1962 issue. Her centerfold was photographed by Paul Morton Smith.
During the 1960s and 1970s, Carter pursued an acting career, mostly appearing in B-movies and guest roles on television. She used several names for her credits; among them were Sally Carter, Sally Carter Hunt, Sally Carter Ihnat, and Sally Ihnat.
She was married to Steve Ihnat, a character actor best known for playing Fleet Captain Garth of Izar in the Star Trek episode "Whom Gods Destroy". They had one child together, a son named Stefan. She had a daughter from a previous marriage to another man. Steve died in 1972 of a heart attack on Marya's 30th birthday, and one month after the birth of their son. She was subsequently married to the game show host Peter Marshall in 1977, divorcing in 1983.

## Filmography

* Switch – "Dangerous Curves" (1978) ... Adele
* Charlie's Angels – "Terror on Ward One" (1977) ... Nurse Farragut
* The Rookies:
** Sudden Death (1976)
** Key Witness (1974) ... Mrs. Stafford
** Frozen Smoke (1973) ... Mrs. Potter
* The Trial of Chaplain Jensen (1975) (TV) ... Irene Daniels
* The New Land – "The Word Is: Persistence" (1974)
* Police Story – "Chain of Command" (1974) ... Janice Magill
* Emergency! – "Audit" (1973) ... First Woman
* The Red Pony (1973) (TV) ... Miss Willis
* Do Not Throw Cushions Into the Ring (1970) ... The Wife
* The New Interns (1964) ... Nurse
* The Greatest Show on Earth – "A Place to Belong" (1964) ... Jeannie
* My Favorite Martian – "Who Am I?" (1964) ... Nurse
* The Dick Van Dyke Show – "The Man from Emperor" (1964) ... Sexy Secretary/Florence
* The Alfred Hitchcock Hour – "Goodbye, George" (1963) ... Starlet
* The Phantom Planet (1961) ... Juror