# Elliniko

Elliniko (Greek: Ελληνικό, meaning 'Hellenic' or 'Greek') is a coastal municipality in the Attica region and a southern suburban town in the Athens agglomeration, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform, it is part of the municipality Elliniko-Argyroupoli, of which it is a municipal unit. Elliniko is known for the former Hellinikon Olympic Complex, a temporary sporting complex building on the grounds of the former Ellinikon International Airport used for the 2004 Summer Olympics and the 2004 Summer Paralympics.
Elliniko is the site of a major development project for coastal Athens beginning in 2020 and due for completion in 2026 - the Hellenikon Metropolitan Park consisting of luxury homes, hotels, a casino, a marina, shops, offices and Greece's tallest buildings such as the Riviera Tower and Hard Rock Hotel & Casino.

## History

In 1922 after the Greco-Turkish War, many refuges, especially from the Sürmene town of Pontus, settled in the northernmost area of Elliniko, which was subsequently named Sourmena (Σούρμενα).

## Geography

Elliniko is situated near the Saronic Gulf coast, 10 km (6.2 mi) south of Athens city centre, in the Athens Riviera. The municipality has an area of 7.127 km$^2$ (2.752 sq mi)>. The former airport is in the western part of the municipal unit, near the coast. Most of the residential area is in the eastern part, east of the former airport. The northern part of the airport has been converted to a sports complex. There are plans to convert the remaining part into a park.
Elliniko is well connected to the centre of Athens through a new line of the Athens metro (Elliniko station). The Athens Tram serves the coastal part of Elliniko.

### Climate

According to the data provided by the Hellenic National Meteorological Service, Elliniko, like much of the southern suburbs of Athens, has an average annual temperature of 18.6 °C (65.5 °F) and receives 366.5 mm (14.43 in) of precipitation per year thus it marginally falls into the BSh hot semi-arid climate category with strong Mediterranean influences (Csa) according to the Köppen climate classification. The highest temperature recorded is 43.0 °C (109 °F) on August 3, 2021, while the lowest is −4.2 °C (24.4 °F) on 18 February 2008. The highest minimum temperature of 32.9 °C (91 °F) was recorded on July 26, 2023. Fog is rare, while thunderstorms occur sparsely throughout the year. Snowfall is not very common, though it occurs almost every year, but it rarely causes severe disruption to daily life.
Climate data for Elliniko, coastal Athens (1955–2010), Extremes (1957–present), 28 m asl :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 22.4 (72.3) | 24.2 (75.6) | 27.0 (80.6) | 30.9 (87.6) | 35.6 (96.1) | 40.0 (104.0) | 42.2 (108.0) | 43.0 (109.4) | 37.2 (99.0) | 35.2 (95.4) | 28.6 (83.5) | 22.9 (73.2) | 43.0 (109.4) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 13.6 (56.5) | 14.1 (57.4) | 15.9 (60.6) | 19.6 (67.3) | 24.4 (75.9) | 29.2 (84.6) | 32.2 (90.0) | 32.2 (90.0) | 28.3 (82.9) | 23.4 (74.1) | 18.8 (65.8) | 15.1 (59.2) | 22.2 (72.0) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 10.3 (50.5) | 10.6 (51.1) | 12.4 (54.3) | 16.1 (61.0) | 20.9 (69.6) | 25.6 (78.1) | 28.3 (82.9) | 28.2 (82.8) | 24.3 (75.7) | 19.6 (67.3) | 15.4 (59.7) | 11.9 (53.4) | 18.6 (65.5) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 7.0 (44.6) | 7.1 (44.8) | 8.5 (47.3) | 11.5 (52.7) | 15.8 (60.4) | 20.3 (68.5) | 23.0 (73.4) | 23.1 (73.6) | 19.6 (67.3) | 15.7 (60.3) | 12.0 (53.6) | 8.8 (47.8) | 14.4 (57.9) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −2.9 (26.8) | −4.2 (24.4) | −2.0 (28.4) | 0.6 (33.1) | 8.0 (46.4) | 11.4 (52.5) | 15.5 (59.9) | 16.0 (60.8) | 10.4 (50.7) | 3.0 (37.4) | 1.4 (34.5) | −2.0 (28.4) | −4.2 (24.4) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 47.7 (1.88) | 38.5 (1.52) | 42.3 (1.67) | 25.5 (1.00) | 14.3 (0.56) | 5.4 (0.21) | 6.3 (0.25) | 6.2 (0.24) | 12.3 (0.48) | 45.9 (1.81) | 60.1 (2.37) | 62.0 (2.44) | 366.5 (14.43) |
| Average rainy days | 12.9 | 11.4 | 11.3 | 9.3 | 6.4 | 3.6 | 1.7 | 1.6 | 4.7 | 8.6 | 10.9 | 13.5 | 95.9 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 69.3 | 68.0 | 65.9 | 62.2 | 58.2 | 51.8 | 46.6 | 46.8 | 54.0 | 62.6 | 69.2 | 70.4 | 60.4 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 130.2 | 134.4 | 182.9 | 231.0 | 291.4 | 336.0 | 362.7 | 341.0 | 276.0 | 207.7 | 153.0 | 127.1 | 2,773.4 |
| Source 1: HNMS (1955–2010 normals) ||||||||||||||
| Source 2: Deutscher Wetterdienst (Extremes 1961–1990), Info Climat (Extremes 1991–present) ||||||||||||||
Climate data for Elliniko, 28 m asl (1991-2020) :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 13.3 (55.9) | 14.1 (57.4) | 16.5 (61.7) | 20.3 (68.5) | 25.2 (77.4) | 30.4 (86.7) | 33.2 (91.8) | 33.5 (92.3) | 29.0 (84.2) | 23.9 (75.0) | 18.8 (65.8) | 14.6 (58.3) | 22.7 (72.9) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 6.9 (44.4) | 7.1 (44.8) | 8.8 (47.8) | 11.8 (53.2) | 16.1 (61.0) | 20.7 (69.3) | 23.5 (74.3) | 23.8 (74.8) | 20.1 (68.2) | 16.2 (61.2) | 12.1 (53.8) | 8.8 (47.8) | 14.7 (58.4) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 48.0 (1.89) | 44.2 (1.74) | 43.0 (1.69) | 27.6 (1.09) | 17.0 (0.67) | 10.0 (0.39) | 9.1 (0.36) | 3.3 (0.13) | 19.4 (0.76) | 34.2 (1.35) | 66.6 (2.62) | 60.4 (2.38) | 382.8 (15.07) |
| Source: Info Climat (Averages 1991–2020), OGIMET ||||||||||||||

## Economy

Hellenic Imperial Airways had its head office in Elliniko. The Greek Civil Aviation Authority also has its head office in Elliniko. Elliniko is also home for the Greek national weather agency (ΕΜΥ).

## Sports

Hellinikon Olympic Complex is located in Elliniko. It was built for the staging of the 2004 Summer Olympics and consists five venues. Elliniko also houses the basketball club Elliniko-Sourmena B.C. with many achievements in women's basketball.

## Historical population

| Year | Population |
| 1981 | 11,498 |
| 1991 | 13,517 |
| 2001 | 16,740 |
| 2011 | 17,259 |
| 2021 | 16,715 |