OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Mason's mark

A mason's mark is an engraved symbol often found on dressed stone in buildings and other public structures.

## In stonemasonry

Regulations issued in Scotland in 1598 by James VI's Master of Works, William Schaw, stated that on admission to the guild, every mason had to enter his name and his mark in a register. There are three types of marks used by stonemasons.
* Banker marks were made on stones before they were sent to be used by the walling masons. These marks served to identify the banker mason who had prepared the stones to their paymaster. This system was employed only when the stone was paid for by measure, rather than by time worked. For example, the 1306 contract between Richard of Stow, mason, and the Dean and Chapter of Lincoln Cathedral, specified that the plain walling would be paid for by measure, and indeed banker marks are found on the blocks of walling in this cathedral. Conversely, the masons responsible for walling the eastern parts of Exeter Cathedral were paid by the week, and consequently few banker marks are found on this part of the cathedral. Banker marks make up the majority of masons' marks, and are generally what are meant when the term is used without further specification.
* Assembly marks were used to ensure the correct installation of important pieces of stonework. For example, the stones on the window jambs in the chancel of North Luffenham church in Rutland are each marked with a Roman numeral, directing the order in which the stones were to be installed.
* Quarry stones were used to identify the source of a stone, or occasionally the quality.

## In Freemasonry

Freemasonry, a fraternal order that uses an analogy to stonemasonry for much of its structure, also makes use of marks. A Freemason who takes the degree of Mark Master Mason will be asked to create his own Mark, as a type of unique signature or identifying badge. Some of these can be quite elaborate.

## Gallery of mason's marks

* Mason's mark from Nidaros Cathedral, Trondheim, Norway, late 12th century
* Masons's mark from Vår Frue Church, Trondheim, Norway, 12th century
* Mason's mark on exterior of Coimbra Cathedral, Portugal, 12th century
* Mason's mark on exterior of Coimbra Cathedral, Portugal, 12th century
* Mason's mark on interior column of Coimbra Cathedral, Portugal, 12th century
* Mason's mark in the Église Saint-Honorat [fr] in Alyscamps, France, early 13th century
* Mason's mark in the Église Saint-Honorat in Alyscamps France, early 13th century
* Arrowhead-shaped mason's mark in Athenry Priory, Ireland, 13th century
* Mason's mark close to the Lintel at the Jagdschloss Grunewald, Germany
* Mason's mark on Henry House in Halifax, Canada, from 1834
* Mason's marks from Fountains Abbey, North Yorkshire, England
* Mason's marks on the Canton Viaduct, Massachusetts, USA, 1834–1835
* Roman mason's mark at the Porta Nigra in Trier, Germany
* Horizontal Wolfsangel as a mason's mark, St Peter's Church, Walpole St Peter, Norfolk, England, 15th century
# Coat of arms of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines

The coat of arms or national seal of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines is surmounted by a cotton plant and bears the text "Peace and Justice" in Latin. The centerpiece is based on the colonial badge in use from 1907 to 1979 and features two women in classical Roman dress. The one on the heraldic right stands holding an olive branch and the one on the left holds scales of justice and kneels before a gold altar situated between them. The coat of arms was designed by Elaine Liverpool.
# Object complement

In grammar, an object complement is a predicative expression that follows a direct object of an attributive ditransitive or resultative verb and that complements the direct object of the sentence by describing it. Object complements are constituents of the predicate. Noun phrases and adjective phrases most frequently function as object complements.

## Examples

The object complement is bold in the following examples:
      * She painted the barn red. – Adjective as object complement
Here, painted is an attributive ditransitive verb. The direct object is the barn. The object complement construction allows for the combination of the sentences She painted the barn and The barn was painted red.
      * He considers you a friend. – Noun phrase as object complement
Here, considers is an attributive ditransitive verb. The direct object is you. The object complement construction allows for the combination of the sentences He considers you and You are a friend.
# Guru Kunchu Kurup

Guru Kunju Kurup (1881–1970) was a Kathakali dancer from south Kerala, India.

## Life

Born in a Poypallilkulam family of Thakazhi village of Kuttanad in present-day Alappuzha district, Kurup was initiated into Kathakali at the age of 13 by his uncles Kochappi Panikker and Rama Panikker.
He later joined the famous Kaliyogam (repertory) of Mathur Kunhu Pillai Panikker, and subsequently had tutelage under gurus Champakulam Sankara Pillai and Thottam Sankaran Namboodiri. His grooming later under Vechur Ayyappa Kurup paved the way for his entry into the Kochi and Malabar belts.
Kunju Kurup's marriage with a relative of Palayil Karunakara Menon, a Kathakali exponent living near Palakkad in 1910, cemented his ties with central Kerala. Soon, he was made a tutor at the famous Kerala Kalamandalam following an invitation from its co-founder, poet Vallathol Narayana Menon. He later had brief stints as a Kathakali guru in Bangalore (1943) and Madras (or Chennai, in 1914, during which Mrinalini Sarabhai was his student), and later (1948–52) at Chembakassery Natana Kalamandalam in Ambalappuzha, his home territory.
Kunju Kurup, a Padma Bhushan awardee of 1971, wasn't exactly an exemplary tutor, but he had lot of fans as a performer. And they included the great Kalamandalam Krishnan Nair as well. He succeeded in creating fresh aesthetics of Kathakali acting-dancing through a sublime presentation of rasa and bhava abhinaya. Kurup was renowned for his varied roles like Nala, Hamsam (swan), Rugmangada, Arjuna and Krishna besides minukku veshams such as Kuchelan, Brahmanan and Sundara Brahmanan. He also excelled in anti-hero roles like Ravana and Keechaka, besides the black-bearded Kaatalan.
Kurup was honoured with the Sangeet Natak Akademi Award for Kathakali in 1956 for his unique contributions to the four-century old classical dance-drama from the southern Indian state. He also won the Central Sangeet Natak Akademi fellowship in 1969.
# Peter Colotka

Peter Colotka (10 January 1925 – 20 April 2019) was a Slovak academic, lawyer and politician. He was the prime minister of the Slovak Socialist Republic from 1969 to 1988.

## Early life and education

Colotka was born in Sedliacka Dubová, Dolný Kubín district, on 10 January 1925. He studied law at Comenius University in Bratislava and graduated in 1950.

## Career

Following his graduation Colotka joined the University of Bratislava and taught civil and family law. He was the prorector of the university from 1959 to 1961. He served at the International Court of Justice at the Hague from 1963 to 1968. He became a professor of civil law in 1964.
He was a member of both the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia and the Slovak Communist Party. He was made deputy prime minister of Czechoslovakia in 1968 and was appointed president of the Czechoslovak Federal Assembly in the meeting of the Czech communist party held on 16–17 January 1969, replacing Josef Smrkovský in the post. And Colotka was a deputy at the Assembly from 1969 to 1989. He became a member of the Czechoslovak Communist Party's presidium in April 1969 and of its central committee in May 1971. He was elected to the Slovak Communist Party's presidium in May 1969 and to the central committee in May 1971.
Colotka was appointed prime minister of the Slovak Socialist Republic on 4 May 1969, replacing Stefan Sádovský in the post. He also served as deputy prime minister of Czechoslovakia from 1969 to 1988. He resigned from premiership on 12 October 1988 and was replaced by Ivan Knotek in the post. Colotka also resigned from the Czechoslovak Communist Party's presidium in October 1988.
Colotka was appointed Czechoslovak ambassador to France in late 1988 and served in the post until 19 January 1990.

## Controversy

Colotka was among the communist leaders who were interrogated about their role in the 1968 Soviet invasion. On 11 July 1990, Colotka was arrested and accused of embezzlement, abuse of power and theft. He was ultimately acquitted of all charges in 1994.

## Death

Peter Colotka died at age 94 on 20 April 2019.
# Sweet-Escott

Sweet-Escott is the surname of:
* Ernest Bickham Sweet-Escott (1857–1941), British colonial administrator
* Ralph Sweet-Escott (1869–1907), English rugby player
* Edward Sweet-Escott (1879–1956), English cricketer, brother of Ralph
# Stupidity (Dr. Feelgood album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| Select | 4/5 |
Stupidity is a live album by English rock band Dr. Feelgood. It was released in September 1976 and is the band's third overall album. Their mushrooming popularity was confirmed when Stupidity (1976) topped the UK Albums Chart.
The album reached number one on the UK Albums Chart in October 1976 (for one week) and remained on the chart for nine weeks. It was the first live album to top the UK chart in its first week of release. It was Dr. Feelgood's first and, to date, only recording to reach number one, and appeared over eight months before their first single entered the corresponding UK Singles Chart – "Sneakin' Suspicion" (June 1977).
Along with Rock Follies in 1976, it reached the top spot in the UK without the benefit of a hit single. In 2013, NME ranked it at number 267 in its list of the 500 Greatest Albums of All Time.

## Track listing

All tracks composed by Wilko Johnson; except where indicated

### Side 1

* "Talking About You" (Chuck Berry)
* "20 Yards Behind"
* "Stupidity" (Solomon Burke)
* "All Through The City"
* "I'm a Man" (Bo Diddley)
* "Walking The Dog" (Rufus Thomas)
* "She Does It Right"

### Side 2

* "Going Back Home" (Mick Green, Johnson)
* "I Don't Mind"
* "Back in the Night"
* "I'm a Hog for You Baby" (Leiber, Stoller)
* "Checking Up on My Baby" (Sonny Boy Williamson)
* "Roxette"

### Bonus 7" single

* "Riot in Cell Block No. 9" (Leiber, Stoller)
* "Johnny B. Goode" (Chuck Berry)

### Stupidity + (Dr. Feelgood - Live - 1976–1990) CD Bonus tracks

* "Take a Tip"
* "Every Kind of Vice"
* "She's a Wind Up"
* "No Mo Do Yakamo"
* "Love Hound"
* "Shotgun Blues"
* "King for a Day"
* "Milk and Alcohol"
* "Down At The Doctors"
The original vinyl album had the first seven tracks on Side 1, recorded in Sheffield, and the next six tracks on Side 2, recorded in Southend. A free single, only issued with the first 20,000 copies, included the final two tracks recorded in Aylesbury. The 1998 Grand Records re-release (GRANDCD 21) states that tracks 8–15 were all recorded at Southend, but this was finally corrected with the box-set release of All Through The City (2012), where it emerged that "Johnny B. Goode" had indeed been recorded at Friars in Aylesbury.
An extended CD version of the album was released in 1991 (CDP795934-2) entitled Stupidity + and sub-titled Dr. Feelgood - Live - 1976–1990. The additional nine live tracks were all recorded post-1977 in the period after Johnson had left the band.

## Chart positions

| Chart | Year | Peak position |
| UK Albums Chart | 1976 | 1 |

## Personnel
### Dr. Feelgood

* Lee Brilleaux - vocals, guitar, harmonica, slide guitar
* Wilko Johnson - guitar, backing vocals
* John B. Sparks - bass guitar
* The Big Figure - drums, backing vocals

### Technical

* Dr. Feelgood - producer
* Vic Maile - audio engineer, mixing
* Will Birch - liner notes
* Paul Henry - design
# Mainnet

Mainnet (short for main network) is the fully operational version of a blockchain where real transactions occur, as opposed to a testnet. It is secured through consensus mechanisms like Proof of Work or Proof of Stake and supports smart contracts, token transfers, and decentralized applications.
A mainnet launch marks the transition from a testnet to a live blockchain, involving security audits, network deployment, and token migration.
# Rhamnazin

Rhamnazin is an O-methylated flavonol, a type of chemical compound. It can be found in Rhamnus petiolaris, a buckthorn plant native to Iraq, Lebanon, Syria, and Turkey.

## Metabolism

The enzyme 3-methylquercetin 7-O-methyltransferase uses S-adenosyl methionine and isorhamnetin to produce S-adenosyl homocysteine and rhamnazin.
The enzyme 3,7-dimethylquercetin 4'-O-methyltransferase uses S-adenosyl methionine and rhamnazin to produce S-adenosyl homocysteine and ayanin.
# Chloryl fluoride

Chloryl fluoride is the chemical compound with the formula ClO$_2$F. It is commonly encountered as side-product in reactions of chlorine fluorides with oxygen sources. It is the acyl fluoride of chloric acid.

## Preparation

ClO$_2$F was first reported by Schmitz and Schumacher in 1942, who prepared it by the fluorination of ClO$_2$. The compound is more conveniently prepared by reaction of sodium chlorate and chlorine trifluoride and purified by vacuum fractionation, i.e. selectively condensing this species separately from other products. This species is a gas boiling at −6 °C:
    6 NaClO$_3$ + 4 ClF$_3$ → 6 ClO$_2$F + 2 Cl$_2$ + 3 O$_2$ + 6 NaF

## Structure

In contrast to O$_2$F$_2$, ClO$_2$F is a pyramidal molecule as predicted by VSEPR. The differing structures reflects the greater tendency of chlorine to exist in positive oxidation states with oxygen and fluorine ligands. The related Cl-O-F compound perchloryl fluoride, ClO$_3$F, is tetrahedral. The related bromine compound bromyl fluoride (BrO$_2$F) adopts the same structure as ClO$_2$F, whereas iodyl fluoride (IO$_2$F) forms a polymeric substance under standard conditions.

## Precautions

Rocket fuel chemist John Drury Clark reported in his book Ignition! that chloryl fluoride "is indecently reactive, and the hardest to keep of all the CI-O-F compounds, since it apparently dissolves the protective metal fluoride coatings that make the storage of ClF$_3$ comparatively simple."
# 2011 Big Ten men's soccer tournament

The 2011 Big Ten Conference Tournament was the postseason tournament of the Big Ten Conference to determine the Big Ten Conference’s champion and automatic berth into the 2011 NCAA Division I Men's Soccer Championship. The tournament was held at the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor, Michigan.

## Bracket

| Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Championship | Championship | Championship |
| | | | 1 | Northwestern | 1(3) | | | |
| | | | 4 | Indiana | 1(2) | | | |
| 4 | Indiana | 2 | 4 | Indiana | 1(2) | | | |
| 5 | Michigan State | 1 | | | | | | |
| 5 | Michigan State | 1 | | | | 1 | Northwestern | 2 |
| | | | | | | 7 | Penn State | 1 |
| 2 | Ohio State | 0 | | | | | | | 7 | Penn State | 1 |
| 7 | Penn State | 2 | | | | | | |
| 7 | Penn State | 2 | 7 | Penn State | 1 | | | |
| | | | 3 | Wisconsin | 0 | | | |
| 3 | Wisconsin | 2 | 3 | Wisconsin | 0 | | | |
| 6 | Michigan | 0 | | | | | | |
# 2017 Tipsport liga

2017 Tipsport liga is the nineteen edition of annual football tournament in Czech Republic.

## Groups
### Group A

| Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts |
| Bohemians 1905 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 11 | 2 | +9 | 9 |
| FC Hradec Králové | 3 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 5 | 4 | +1 | 6 |
| FC MAS Táborsko | 3 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 4 | 5 | −1 | 3 |
| 1. FK Příbram | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 10 | −9 | 0 |

### Group B

| Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts |
| FK Mladá Boleslav | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 8 | 2 | +6 | 7 |
| FK Jablonec | 3 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 7 | 3 | +4 | 5 |
| FC Slovan Liberec | 3 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 6 | 10 | −4 | 3 |
| FK Varnsdorf | 3 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 10 | −6 | 1 |

### Group C

| Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts |
| FK Pardubice | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 8 | 2 | +6 | 7 |
| MFK Skalica | 3 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 7 | 4 | +3 | 5 |
| FC Zbrojovka Brno | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 9 | 9 | 0 | 4 |
| 1. SC Znojmo | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 2 | 10 | −8 | 0 |

### Group D

| Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts |
| FK Poprad | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 8 | 4 | +4 | 9 |
| MFK Vítkovice | 3 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 8 | 6 | +2 | 6 |
| Podbeskidzie Bielsko-Biała | 3 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 7 | 7 | 0 | 3 |
| MFK Frýdek-Místek | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 2 | 8 | −6 | 0 |

## Final

vte2016–17 in Czech football :
« 2015–16 2017–18 » :
# 2017 Hun Sen Cup

The Hun Sen Cup was the main football knockout tournament in Cambodia. The 2017 Hun Sen Cup was the 11th season of the Hun Sen Cup, the premier knockout tournament for association football clubs in Cambodia involving Cambodian League and provincial teams organized by the Football Federation of Cambodia.
National Defense Ministry were the defending champions, having beaten Preah Khan Reach Svay Rieng 6–5 on penalty shoot-out after 1-1 extra time in the previous season's final.

## First round

The 14 teams from provinces of six zones divided into six groups playing in the first round. Each group was played on a home-and-away round-robin basis. Takeo in Group A and Kampot in Group E directed to Second round due to only one team in their groups. Group winners, runners-up, and the best two third-placed teams advanced to the second round.

### Group A

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts |
| 1 | Takeo | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |

### Group B

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts |
| 1 | Prey Veng | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 27 | 6 | +21 | 12 |
| 2 | Tbong Khmum | 4 | 1 | 0 | 3 | ? | ? | — | 3 |
| 3 | Kandal | 4 | 1 | 0 | 3 | ? | ? | — | 3 |

### Group C

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts |
| 1 | Siem Reap | 6 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 15 | 8 | +7 | 13 |
| 2 | Oddar Meanchey | 6 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 11 | 4 | +7 | 13 |
| 3 | Kampong Thom | 6 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 11 | −7 | 5 |
| 4 | Preah Vihear | 6 | 0 | 2 | 4 | 3 | 10 | −7 | 2 |

### Group D

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts |
| 1 | Kampong Chhnang II | 4 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 3 | +1 | 5 |
| 2 | Pailin | 4 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 5 |
| 3 | Battambang | 4 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 5 | −1 | 5 |

### Group E

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts |
| 1 | Kampot | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |

### Group F

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts |
| 1 | Mondul Kiri | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 2 | +1 | 4 |
| 2 | Stung Treng | 2 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 3 | −1 | 1 |

## Third round

A total of 18 teams played in this round. The six winners from the second round, the eight teams from Cambodian Second League (except the championship team Kirivong Sok Sen Chey entered the fourth round) and the four teams from Cambodian League played in the third round. Stung Treng and Oddar Meanchey advanced to the fourth round due to Kampong Speu and Sihanoukville withdrew from the Cup.

### Second leg
## Fourth round

A total numbers of 16 teams played in this round. The nine teams (included Stung Treng and Oddar Meanchey) won from the third round, the championship of Cambodian Second League Kirivong Sok Sen Chey and the top six teams of Cambodian League entered the fourth round.

### Second leg
## Quarter-finals
### Second leg
## Semi-finals
### Second leg
## Third place play-off
## Awards

* Top goal scorer : Khoun Laboravy of Boeung Ket (16 goals)
* Player of the season : Prak Mony Udom of Preah Khan Reach
* Goalkeeper of the Season : Om Oudom of Preah Khan Reach
* Coach of the season : Sam Vandeth of Preah Khan Reach
* Fair Play: Boeung Ket
# Maneb

{{Chembox | Verifiedfields = changed | Watchedfields = changed | verifiedrevid = 434399765 | ImageFile = Maneb.svg | ImageAlt = | IUPACName = [[2-[(Dithiocarboxy)amino]ethyl]carbamodithioato]](2-)-kS,kS']manganese | OtherNames = Manganese ethylene-1,2-bisdithiocarbamate, polymer |Section1=!Identifiers
| ChemSpider
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.032.400 |-
| MeSH | Maneb |-
| UNII
|- |Section2=!Properties
| (C$_4$H$_6$MnN$_2$S$_4$)$_n$
| Appearance | Yellow to brown colored crystalline solid |-
| Density | 1.92 g/cm$^3$ |- | Melting point | 192 to 204 °C (378 to 399 °F; 465 to 477 K) (decomposes)
| 160 mg/L |- |Section3=!Hazards
| GHS labelling: |-
Maneb (manganese ethylene-bis-dithiocarbamate) is a fungicide and a polymeric complex of manganese with the ethylene bis (dithiocarbamate) anionic ligand.

## Health effects

Exposure to maneb can occur when breathed in; it can irritate the eyes, nose, and throat as well as cause headache, fatigue, nervousness, dizziness, seizures and even unconsciousness. Prolonged or long-term exposure may interfere with the function of the thyroid. Exposure to maneb is also shown to induce a Parkinson's disease like neurotoxicity in mice. It is still challenged whether maneb, along with Paraquat, is an environmental risk factor for Parkinson's disease.

## Production

Manganese(II) ethylenebis(dithiocarbamate) of low ethylenethiourea (ETU) content is prepared by mixing disodium ethylenebis (dithiocarbamate) with formaldehyde in aqueous medium then mixing a water-soluble manganese(II) salt to precipitate the maneb. The product can be further formulated with a metal salt and also with paraformaldehyde. (See External links for the patent citation)

## Applications

Maneb, is a broad spectrum fungicide that is extensively applied against a wide range of fungal pathogens affecting ornamental plants, food and feed crops. It can also be used to create a toxin-based animal model of Parkinson's disease, usually in primates.

## Regulation

Maneb was included in a pesticide ban proposed by the Swedish Chemicals Agency and approved by the European Parliament on January 13, 2009.
# Horelica Tunnel

The Horelica Tunnel is a road tunnel in northern Slovakia. It is located on the D3 motorway at the Oščadnica - Čadca section (Čadca bypass). The total length of the tunnel without portals is 555 m, and with portals 605 m.
Its construction began in July 2000 and the breakthrough was reached in May 2002. The tunnel with Čadca bypass was opened on October 29, 2004, and it replaced road 11, which runs across the town of Čadca.