OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Macedonian Scientific and Literary Society

The Macedonian Scientific and Literary Society, also called Slavic-Macedonian Scholarly and Literary Society, was an organization of Macedonian Slavs in Russia in the first decades of the twentieth century.

## Activity

It was established in Saint Petersburg on 28 October 1902. The organization's establishment was endorsed by several influential Slavophile figures, including political and religious leaders. Its founders were Dimitrija Čupovski and his brother Nace Dimov. Other founders include Stefan Dedov, Dijamandija Mišajkov and Krste Misirkov. Čupovski served as the organization's president. The organization's secretary was Milan Stoilov, a medical student in Saint Petersburg, until his death in 1903. Risto Rusulenčič [bg], another founding member, served as its librarian. The Charitable Slav Society in Saint Petersburg sponsored the organization.
As part of its scholarly and literary activities, the society supported the introduction of Macedonian as its official language. Its aim was the creation of an independent Macedonia, encompassing the entire geographic region of Macedonia, according to maps drawn by the society itself.
By April 1903, its members reached 25, but only the names of 19 founders are known. In 1905 the Society published Vardar, the first scholarly, scientific and literary journal in the central dialects of Macedonia, which later would contribute in the standardization of Macedonian, while in 1913 it produced the first ethnic and geographic map of Macedonia. In addition, it published the journal "Makedonskij Golos" (Macedonian Voice) in Russian.
Towards the end of 1905, the society was dissolved, and from 1912 it reappeared, but its activity ended in 1917 with the October Revolution in Russia. This scholarly institution with its literary and national cultural activity is considered the foundation upon which the history of the modern Macedonian Academy of Arts and Sciences was built upon.
# Frank Paulus

Frank Paulus (born 7 September 1978) is a German footballer who plays as a right-back.

## Career

Paulus began his career with 1. FC Köln, where he progressed to the reserve team, before leaving the club in 1999, following coach Colin Bell to Dynamo Dresden of the Regionalliga Nordost. Paulus's first season at Dynamo was unsuccessful, as the club failed to make the cut with the Regionalliga being reduced from four regions to two, and Bell was sacked after under a year in charge, but Paulus stuck around, and two years later, helped the club return to the third tier, as they won the NOFV-Oberliga in 2002.
After one season at this level, Paulus made the step up to the 2. Bundesliga, signing for Alemannia Aachen. The 2003–04 season was a successful one for the club, as they missed promotion by just one point, and reached the DFB-Pokal final, losing 3–2 against Werder Bremen. Paulus, who played the full 90 minutes of the final, was considered as part of a new, exciting generation of Alemannia players, along with team-mates Dennis Brinkmann and Emmanuel Krontiris.
Werder had also won the league title, so Aachen were entitled to enter the UEFA Cup as cup runners-up. Paulus played in five matches as the club reached the first knockout round, including ties against Lille, AEK, and Aachen's eventual conquerors AZ. However, he only made nine league appearances during the 2004–05 season, and left in summer 2005, to sign for Holstein Kiel of the Regionalliga Nord. He left Kiel after two years, and spent six months without a club, before returning to Dresden, signing for SC Borea Dresden. He spent just over three and a half seasons with Borea, but in September 2011, the club withdrew its Oberliga team. Briefly a free agent, Paulus signed for Chemie Leipzig. At the end of the 2011–12 season, Paulus left Chemie to sign for lower league side VfL Pirna-Copitz.
# Gerard Smets

Gerard Smets, also spelt as Gérard Smets, (25 October 1809 — after 1895) was a Belgian paleontologist, scientist, and abbé known for the misidentification of the plant genus Aachenosaurus (now known as Nicolia moresneti), named after the locale of Aachen.

## Biography
### Early life

He was born on 25 October 1809 as the fourth child of Francis Smets and Marie Agnés Abeels in Gotem, Belgium, and he married Johanna Maria Buteneels in Berlingen on 27 April 1832.
Smets and Buteneels had three children together: Jean Thèodore (1836–after 1863), Jacques (1840–1916), and Catherine Elizabeth (1843–1890).

### Career and later life

During the time he named Aachenosaurus, Smets worked at the Collège Saint-Joseph in Hasselt, and a rumor abounded that he completely withdrew from science out of pure embarrassment after 1888, but not until he had published a paper on turtles in 1889; this rumour was later proven false.
Smets published La Culture Du Pin Sylvestre En Campine in 1892, and the last paper he published was in 1895; he died shortly after 1895.

## History of the Aachenosaurus

Aachenosaurus was discovered by Smets in 1887 and it consisted of several fragments of fossilised wood found in the Aachen Formation; he named the species Aachenosaurus multidens, now known as Nicolia moresneti, on 31 October 1888.
Based on these fragments he determined that the specimen was a hadrosaur reaching an estimated 4-5 meters in length which might have had dermal spines. He defended this conclusion, citing that the fossils had been examined visually with the naked eye, magnifying lenses and with the microscope. However, his error was soon demonstrated by Louis Dollo. Smets at first tried to defend his original identification but was again proven wrong by a neutral commission.
# Richard Gibson (English footballer)

Richard Samuel Gibson (February 1889 – after 1921) was an English professional footballer who played as a winger. He made 120 appearances and scored 19 goals in all competitions for Birmingham over a ten-year career, and helped them win the championship of the Football League Second Division in 1920–21. He then moved to First Division Manchester United where he made 12 appearances without scoring; they were relegated that season.
Gibson was credited with recommending his former Sultan F.C. teammate Percy Barton to Birmingham.
# Lukas Müller (rower)

Lukas Müller (born 19 May 1987 in Wetzlar) is a German former representative rower. He is an Olympian, an Olympic gold medallist and was twice a world champion.
He was in the crew that won the gold medal at the men's eight competition at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London. Later that year each member of the crew was awarded the Silbernes Lorbeerblatt (Silver Laurel Leaf), Germany's highest sports award, for the achievement.
# Pygmy elimia

The pygmy elimia, scientific name †Elimia pygmaea, was a species of freshwater snail with a gill and an operculum, an aquatic gastropod mollusk in the family Pleuroceridae. This species was endemic to the United States. It is now extinct.
# Single barrel whiskey

Single barrel whiskey (or single cask whiskey) is a premium class of whiskey in which each bottle comes from an individual aging barrel, instead of coming from blending together the contents of various barrels to provide uniformity of color and taste. By contrast, some other whiskeys, even ones that are not blends, may be combined from more than one batch, or even from differing years to achieve consistency. The whiskey from each barrel is bottled separately, with each bottle bearing the barrel number and in most cases the dates for the beginning and end of aging. Each barrel is believed to contribute unique characteristics to the finished whiskey.
There has been some recent controversy over whether single cask whiskeys are indeed all from single casks. Whiskeys sold by Scottish distilleries such as Ben Nevis and GlenDronach as "single casks" have been revealed to be vattings of multiple barrels, which may have been of different kinds, with the "single cask" designation referring only to the final cask for maturation. In the absence of specific regulation regarding this language, it is not clear to what extent this practice is prevalent in the industry as a whole.
Single barrels may further be at cask strength or non-chill-filtered to further avoid adulterating the taste of a cask.

## Brands

The following is a list of some single barrel whiskeys:

### Scotch

* Balvenie (has released several single cask bottlings of single malt Scotch whisky)
* Glenfarclas (The Family Casks series)
* Many independent bottlers of single malt Scotch whisky produce single cask offerings
** Berry Brothers & Rudd
** Scotch Malt Whisky Society

### North American

* Buffalo Trace Distillery (a Sazerac Company distillery)
** Blanton's (a single barrel Bourbon)
** Eagle Rare (a Bourbon brand which has 10- and 17-year single barrel expressions)
** Rock Hill Farms (a single barrel bourbon)
* Heaven Hill
** Elijah Craig (a bourbon brand which has multiple single barrel expressions)
** Evan Williams (a single barrel vintage bourbon)
** Henry McKenna (10-year bonded single barrel)
* Jack Daniel's Distillery (a Brown-Forman Corporation distillery)
** Jack Daniel's Single Barrel (a single barrel Tennessee whiskey)
** Jack Daniel's Silver Select (available at duty-free shops)
* Jim Beam (has released a single barrel bourbon)
* Kentucky Bourbon Distillers (an independent bottling company)
** Michter's (a brand which has single barrel bourbon and rye expressions)
** Willett Pot Still Reserve (a single barrel bourbon)
** Willett Family Estate (single barrel bourbon and rye)
* Knob Creek Distillery (a Beam Inc. distillery)
** Knob Creek Single Barrel Reserve (a bourbon aged 9 years)
* Four Roses Distillery (offers single barrel bourbon)
# Little Dipper (Six Flags Great America)

Little Dipper is a wooden roller coaster located at Six Flags Great America in Gurnee, Illinois. It was built in 1950 at Kiddieland Amusement Park in Melrose Park, Illinois. When the park closed in 2009, Six Flags Great America purchased the ride at an auction. The ride was relocated and reopened on May 27, 2010.

## History

In 1950, Little Dipper was built at Kiddieland Amusement Park in Melrose Park, Illinois. The roller coaster was designed by Herbert Schmeck and built by Philadelphia Toboggan Coasters. The ride consisted of a compact figure-eight layout featuring small hills, dips, and turns. Little Dipper cost nine cents per ride, and stood as the sole roller coaster at Kiddieland until the park's closure.
In 2009, Kiddieland closed due to a dispute with the owners of the land. On November 24, 2009, Kiddieland's rides were auctioned off. Six Flags Great America purchased Little Dipper for $33,000, promising to preserve its history. The coaster reopened at Six Flags Great America on May 27, 2010 in the Yukon Territory section of the park.
# HMS Nonsuch (1668)

HMS Nonsuch was a 36-gun fifth rate of the Royal Navy. She was an experimental fast-sailing design, built by the renowned shipwright Anthony Deane according to proposals by the Dutch naval officer Laurens van Heemskirk, who became her first captain. She was launched in December 1668, and commissioned the same day under van Heemskirk. In 1669 she was reclassed as a 42-gun Fourth rate, being commanded from 9 April by Captain Sir John Holmes. She was to spend most of her career in the Mediterranean. She was for a time based on Tangier, and was commanded by a succession of accomplished commanders who subsequently rose to flag rank in the Navy, including George Rooke from 1677 to 1680, then briefly under Cloudesley Shovell, and then Francis Wheler from 1680 to 1681. Under Wheler's command, she participated on 9 April 1681 in the capture of the Algerine 46-gun Golden Horse, along with the Fourth rate Adventure.
She reverted to a 36-gun fifth rate in 1691, and was recommissioned under Captain Richard Short, for service off New England. Command passed in January 1693 to Captain Thomas Dobbin, then in November 1693 to Captain Thomas Taylor. She was captured off the Scilly Isles on 4 January 1695 by the French 48-gun privateer Le François; renamed Le Sans Pareil, she subsequently served in the French Navy until 1697.
# Benjamin Dickinson

Benjamin Gerrish Dickinson is an American film director, screenwriter, and actor.

## Career

Dickinson started as a music video director, a member of Waverly Films collective. He was shooting for LCD Soundsystem, Q-Tip, Reggie Watts, Killer Mike, and Yoko Ono. His debut feature, First Winter, was released in 2012.
In 2015 he directed a VR short Waves, screened at Sundance to a positive response from audience.
His second feature, brought him a Special Jury Prize at the 2015 SXSW Film Festival. The sci-fi movie shot in BW was praised by critics for strong visuals.

## Filmography

* 2021 – White devil (short);
* 2015 – Creative Control;
* 2014 – Super Sleuths (short);
* 2012 – First winter;
* 2008 – The Scariest Show on Television (TV movie).
# Expresión

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
Expresión is the twelfth studio album recorded by Puerto Rican salsa singer Gilberto Santa Rosa released on July 6, 1999. The album received a Latin Grammy nomination for Best Salsa Album.

## Track listing

This information adapted from Allmusic.

## Personnel

* Trombone - Antonio Vazquez
* Arranger, Bass - Bobby Valentin
* Engineer - Brenda Ferry
* Tres - Charlie Rodriguez
* Clothing / Wardrobe, Coordination, Wardrobe - Cynthia Rodriguez
* Composer - Donato Poveda
* Photography - Eduardo Perez
* Arranger - Ernesto Sanchez
* Composer, Primary Artist, Producer, Repertoire, Vocals - Gilberto Santa Rosa
* Percussion, Vocals - Hecor Perez
* Arranger - Jeremy Lubbock
* Coros, Horn, Background Vocals - Jerry Rivas
* Congas - Jimmy Morales
* Engineer - John Kurlander
* Guitar - Jorge Laboy
* Composer - Jorge Luis Piloto
* Coros, Background Vocals - Josue Rosado
* Trumpet - Jose "Jochy" Rodriguez
* Electric Bass - Jose Gazmey
* Arranger, Keyboards, Piano, Producer - Jose Lugo
* Contractor - Jules Chaikin
* Arranger - Lenny Prieto
* Coros, Horn, Background Vocals - Lissette Gregory
* Timbales - Luis R. Lugo
* Mixing - Luis Ruiz
* Composer - Marisela Verena
* Adjustments - Martha Medina
* Trombone - Moises Nogueras
* Composer - Omar Alfanno
* Assistant - Pedro Rivera
* Horn, Timbales - Pichie Perez
* Composer - Rafa Almarcha
* Bongos - Rafael "Tito" Echevarria
* Coros, Horn, Background Vocals - Rafael De Jesus
* Trombone - Raffi Torres
* Composer - Ramon Rodriguez
* Bongos - Raul Rodriguez
* Bongos - Raul Traveleso Rodriguez
* Coros, Horn - Rei Pena
* Background Vocals - Rey Pena
* Transcription - Sammy Gonzalez
* Arranger, Trumpet - Tommy Villarini
* Trombone - Tonito Vazquez
* Congas - William Thompson
* Composer - Yoel Henriquez
* Trumpet - Angel "Angie" Machado
* Alto Saxophone, Baritone Saxophone, Soprano Saxophone, Tenor Saxophone, Saxophone - Angel Torres

## Chart performance

| Chart (1999-2000) | Peak position |
| U.S. Billboard Top Latin Albums | 2 |
| U.S. Billboard Tropical Albums | 2 |
| U.S. Billboard Heatseekers Albums | 11 |

## Certification

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| United States (RIAA) | 2× Platinum (Latin) | 200,000$^^$ |
| $^^$ Shipments figures based on certification alone. |||
# Jack Panayotou

Jack Michael Panayotou (born June 5, 2004) is an American professional soccer player who plays as a winger for Major League Soccer club New England Revolution.

## Club career

He was part of the Revolution U-19 Academy team that won the 2022 MLS NEXT Cup Championship, scoring 6 goals in the tournament, including the winning goal in the championship game. Named the 2022 UnitedHealthcare Revolution Academy Player of the Year. Played one season at Georgetown University, earning Big East Freshman of the Week honors in November. Panayotou was loaned to Rhode Island FC on May 10, 2024, for the rest of the 2024 season.

## Personal life

Born in Cambridge, Massachusetts, Panayotou is of Greek and Cypriot descent. He is a youth international for the United States, having played up to the United States U19s.
# Mathew Nicholls

Mathew Nicholls (born 1977) is an Australian rules football field umpire in the Australian Football League.
He officiated in the 2013 AFL Grand Final and the 2014 AFL Grand Final.
Nicholls was notably umpiring during the infamous Sirengate match between St Kilda and Fremantle in 2006, when play was allowed to continue after the final siren because the siren was too quiet for Nicholls to hear.
Nicholls is also notably referred to as "the best bouncer in the business", by commentator Brian Taylor, a reference to his ability to produce a large centre bounce.
# Qavam House

Qavam House (also widely called Narenjestan-e Ghavam) is a historic house and garden in Shiraz, Iran, built between 1879 and 1886.
During the second Pahlavi era, the House became the headquarters of Pahlavi University's Asia Institute, directed by Arthur Upham Pope, and later Richard Nelson Frye. The house and gardens are now a museum and are open to the public.

## Architecture

It was built between 1879 and 1886 by Mirza Ibrahim Khan. The building stands two meters above the yard and is mainly made of bricks.

## Gardens

Narenjestan garden is an example of Persian gardens of Iran.
* Qavam House Interior
* Interior of the house
* Interior of the house
* Interior of the house
* Wall painting depicting three Qajari figures.
* Qavam House's exterior
* View from the garden
* Yard and the building in Spring.
* View of the garden from the house.
* Pool and stone facade.
# Eucelatoria bryani

Eucelatoria bryani is a species of fly in the family Tachinidae.

## Distribution

El Salvador, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, United States.
# List of French natural gas companies

This is a list of French natural gas companies :
* Altergaz
* Antargaz (Parent company : UGI Corporation)
* Direct Énergie
* EDF
* Engie
* Poweo
* Réseau GDS/Énerest (formerly named Gaz de Strasbourg)
# Pseudlithosia

Pseudlithosia is a monotypic moth genus of the family Crambidae described by George Hampson in 1907. It contains only one species, Pseudlithosia schausi, described by the same author in the same year, which is found in Jalisco, Mexico.
# Missionary Man (song)

"Missionary Man" is a song by British pop duo Eurythmics from their fifth studio album, Revenge (1986). The song features Jimmy Zavala on harmonica and Joniece Jamison on backing vocals.
In the band's native United Kingdom, it was the fourth single to be taken from the album and peaked at number 31 on the UK Singles Chart. It was more successful in the United States, where it was the first single to be taken from the album and peaked at number 14 on the Billboard Hot 100 (their last main US top-20 entry to date). It also made the top 10 of the Billboard Hot Dance/Club Play chart, and it received extensive airplay on American rock radio, reaching number one on the Billboard Album Rock Tracks chart, Eurythmics' only song to top this chart. The single also peaked at number nine in Australia, where it was released as the album's second single.
"Missionary Man" earned Eurythmics a 1986 Grammy Award for Best Rock Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal. The video received heavy airplay on MTV and received five nominations at the 1987 MTV Video Music Awards.

## Background

Upon the single's July 1986 US release, the song was described as being inspired in part by Lennox's 1984–1985 marriage to devout Hare Krishna Radha Raman. When discussing the song's inspiration and meaning, Lennox stated "Obviously, there is a personal meaning in [Missionary Man] for me, because of my past history. But I also think that there are a great deal of people in the media, in the form of politicians or religious speakers or philosophical people, people who are generally trying to have some power over other people, who I just don't trust."

## Music video

Directed by Willy Smax, the music video for "Missionary Man" features stop-animation techniques similar to those used in Peter Gabriel's "Sledgehammer" video from earlier in 1986. The video received heavy play from MTV and received five nominations at the 1987 MTV Video Music Awards.

## Track listings

* UK 7-inch single
    A. "Missionary Man" (7-inch version) – 3:50
    B. "The Last Time" (live at The Roxy in Los Angeles)
* UK 12-inch single
    A. "Missionary Man" (extended version) – 6:55
    B. "The Last Time" (live at The Roxy in Los Angeles)
* US 7-inch single
    A. "Missionary Man" (7-inch version) – 3:50
    B. "Take Your Pain Away" (LP version) – 4:37
* US 12-inch single
    A. "Missionary Man" (extended version) – 6:55
    B. "Take Your Pain Away" (LP version) – 4:37

## Release history

Release dates and formats for "Missionary Man" :
| Region | Date | Format(s) | Label(s) | Ref. |
| United States | July 1986 | 7-inch vinyl12-inch vinyl | RCA | |
| United Kingdom | 16 February 1987 | 7-inch vinyl12-inch vinyl | RCA | |

## Cover versions

* The song was recorded by Swedish rock band Ghost on their 2016 EP Popestar.
# 1947 George Washington Colonials football team

The 1947 George Washington Colonials football team was an American football team that represented George Washington University as a member of the Southern Conference (SoCon) during the 1947 college football season. In its second and final season under head coach Skip Stahley, the team compiled a 1–7–1 record (0–4 in conference games), finished 16th in the SoCon, and was outscored by a total of 177 to 92.
In the final Litkenhous Ratings released in mid-December, George Washington was ranked at No. 134 out of 500 college football teams.

## Schedule

| Date | Opponent | Site | Result | Attendance |
| September 27 | at Virginia* | Scott StadiumCharlottesville, VA | L 13–33 | 15,000 |
| October 4 | at VMI | Alumni FieldLexington, VA | L 7–13 | |
| October 11 | at Washington & Lee | Wilson FieldLexington, VA | L 6–15 | |
| October 18 | No. 14 Wake Forest | Griffith StadiumWashington, DC | L 7–39 | 9,500 |
| October 24 | at Miami (FL)* | Burdine StadiumMiami, FL | L 7–28 | 25,746 |
| October 31 | VPI | Griffith StadiumWashington, DC | L 6–42 | 5,000 |
| November 15 | at Wayne* | Keyworth StadiumDetroit, MI | L 6–7 | 1,097 |
| November 22 | vs. Georgetown* | Griffith StadiumWashington, DC | T 0–0 | 11,000 |
| November 27 | Merchant Marine* | Griffith StadiumWashington, DC | W 40–0 | < 4,000 |
| *Non-conference gameHomecomingRankings from AP Poll released prior to the game ||||||