OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 1873 National Civil Rights Convention

The National Civil Rights Convention of 1873 was held in Washington, D.C.. W. Ogilvie photographed the convention which began December 9. It was covered by the New York Times.

## History

The Colored Conventions Movement included a long series of national conventions held by free "people of color" going back decades before the American Civil War. Conventions were held in Philadelphia, New York City, Buffalo, Rochester (New York), Syracuse, Cleveland and (after the war) Washington D.C., St. Louis, New Orleans, and Cincinnati.
George T. Downing chaired the 1873 convention and A. M. Green was secretary. A memorial publication of the event was published.
Conventioneers were welcomed by Charles Sumner, supported by members of the Republican party and President Ulysses Grant.
William Nesbit called the meeting to order. Attendees included John Mercer Langston, P. B. S. Pinchback, Stuart Ellison, Robert Harlan, Daniel Straker, John Hyman, Frederick Douglass, and all seven African American congressmen. President Grant received attendees at the White House's Blue Room.
# Ben Bumgarner

Benjamin "Ben" Bumgarner is a Texas politician who currently serves in the Texas House of Representatives from the 63rd District, which covers southern Denton County.

## Education and personal life

Bumgarner graduated from Austin College. He is a businessman who is the owner of Evolve Weapon Systems. He and his wife, Mindy, have one daughter. They are Methodists.

## Political career
### Local

Prior to his election into the Texas House, he served on the Flower Mound Town Council, including one term as Mayor Pro Tem.

### Texas Legislature
#### 88th Texas Legislature

In 2022, he ran for the vacant seat in the 63rd District, as then-incumbent Tan Parker opted to run for the vacancy in the 12th District in the Texas Senate.
Bumgarner faced three candidates in the Republican primary: Jake Collier (a former Denton County District Judge), Nick Sanders, and Jeff Younger. Bumgarner and Younger met in the primary runoff where Bumgarner won by a near 2-1 margin. Bumgarner then faced Democratic candidate H. Denise Wooten in the general election, winning by a 10-point margin.
Bumgarner supports a ban on Democrats being given committee chairmanships as long as the Republicans hold the majority of seats in the Texas House.
In his first term, Bumgarner served on the Defense & Veterans Affairs and the International Relations & Economic Development Committees.
Bumgarner also voted to expel Bryan Slaton from the House and to impeach Ken Paxton.
Among his notable legislation was HB3579, giving the Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation the authority to shut down massage therapy locations which were providing sexual services to clients.

#### 89th Texas Legislature

Bumgarner ran for re-election, facing two opponents in the Republican primary: Vincent Gallo and Carlos E. Andino, Jr. Bumgarner won without a runoff. He then faced Democratic candidate Michelle Beckley, a former State Representative (from the 65th District prior to its redrawing after the 2020 Census) in the general election and won.
# Raheel Khan

Raheel Khan (born 1 January 1979) is a Pakistani-born cricketer who plays for the Kuwait national cricket team. He played in the 2013 ICC World Cricket League Division Six tournament.
# U.S. Bank Tower (Sacramento)

U.S. Bank Tower (also called 621 Capitol Mall) is a 25-story, 404-foot (123 m) building in Sacramento, California. The office tower is located at 621 Capitol Mall and was completed in early 2008. U.S. Bank bought the naming rights and 34,000 sq ft (3,200 m$^2$) of office space.
The building's architect is Hellmuth, Obata + Kassabaum, Inc. (HOK) and the general contractor is Hensel Phelps Construction.
The building has a series of LED screens on the top that seem to form a flowing river or waterway at night, with colors changing from light/dark blues to purples. They are easily seen since this building is the second tallest in Sacramento. This artwork was created by Michael Hayden of Santa Rosa, California, and is a companion to an LED installation in the lobby of the building by the same artist.

## Gallery

* U.S. Bank Tower in mid-December 2006.
* US Bank Tower was completed Spring 2008
# Ashok Kumar (Tamil actor)

Ashok Kumar Balakrishnan is an Indian actor who has appeared in predominantly Tamil films.

## Career

Originally from Thanjavur district, Ashok Kumar grew up in Mumbai. He was a Bharatanatyam dancer and won the Nrithyamayoor (transl. Dancing Peacock) Award from the Government of Maharashtra. He played Krishna in the Hindi television serial Krishna (1993-97). His film debut but was supposed to be Dishyum (2006), but he was subsequently removed from the film and replaced by Jiiva. He then made his feature film debut with R. T. Neason's Muruga (2007) and starred in Pidichirukku the following year. He made a special appearance as a Tamil actor in a song from the Malayalam film Mulla (2008). Ashok made his Telugu debut with the bilingual Kaki (2015), which was made by Vetrimaaran's assistant director. The film was released in Tamil two years later as Ka Ka Ka: Aabathin Arikuri (2017).
In 2019, he appeared in the multi-starrer movies such as Chithiram Pesuthadi 2 and Gangs of Madras. He also acted in the Malaysian film Unakkagathane released in 2020. He was seen in the crime series Kuruthi Kalam (2021) which was released on MX Player.
In 2022, Ashok Kumar was seen successively in horror films such as Vidiyatha Iravondru Vendum, Bestie, and Mayathirai. In 2023, he was appeared in the action thriller, Vizhithelu.
In 2024, he was appeared in the drama thriller E-mail. as well as part of a Kannada project called Sambhavami Yuge Yuge, and the fantasy thriller, Maya Puthagam. Ashok Kumar starred in Lara (2025).

## Filmography
### Films

* All films are in Tamil, unless otherwise noted.
List of Ashok Kumar film credits :
| Year | Film | Role | Notes |
| 2007 | Muruga | Murugan | |
| 2008 | Pidichirukku | Velu | |
| 2008 | Mulla | Himself | Malayalam film; cameo appearance |
| 2012 | Kozhi Koovuthu | Kumaresan | |
| 2013 | Vetkathai Kettal Enna Tharuvaai | Shiva | |
| 2014 | Kadhal Solla Aasai | Mahesh | |
| 2015 | Kaki | Karthik | Telugu film |
| 2017 | Ka Ka Ka: Aabathin Arikuri | Karthik | |
| 2019 | Chithiram Pesuthadi 2 | Salim | |
| 2019 | Gangs of Madras | Ibrahim | |
| 2020 | Unakkagathane | Ashok Singh | Malaysian film |
| 2022 | Vidiyatha Iravondru Vendum | Kathir | |
| 2022 | Bestie | Ashok | |
| 2022 | Mayathirai | Jeeva | |
| 2022 | 4554 | Karthi | |
| 2022 | Therkathi Veeran | Vasanth | |
| 2023 | Vizhithelu | Sivakumar | |
| 2023 | Priyamudan Priya | Markendya | |
| 2023 | Are You Ok Baby? | Thyagi | |
| 2024 | E-mail | Abhi | |
| 2024 | Sambhavami Yuge Yuge | Krishna | Kannada film |
| 2024 | Maya Puthagam | Guru | |
| 2025 | Lara | Maharoof | |

### Television

List of Ashok Kumar television credits :
| Year | Title | Role | Language | Channel | Notes |
| 1993 | Shri Krishna | Child Krishna | Hindi | DD National | Debut TV show Best Child Actor Award |
| 2021 | Kuruthi Kalam | Item Kumar | Tamil | MX Player | |
| 2024 - present | Mounam Pesiyadhe | Shiva | Tamil | Zee Tamil | |
# Ruger Old Army

The Ruger Old Army is a black-powder percussion revolver introduced in 1972 by the Sturm, Ruger company and manufactured through 2008. Models were available with either a 5.5 in (140 mm) or 7.5 in (190 mm) barrel.

## Design

The Ruger Old Army revolver is unusual in that, unlike most percussion revolvers on the market, it was not based on a historical design, but was a modification of Ruger's Blackhawk model, which was itself based upon the cartridge-firing Colt Peacemaker. The Old Army revolver accordingly incorporates many modern design features, though employing antiquated black-powder component loading.
This design was built around the Blackhawk, but it takes its styling cues from the Spiller and Burr cap and ball pistol. This is due to the frame being longer in front to accommodate the loading lever and pivot pin. Earlier models were listed as .44 caliber, later as .45, but all use a .457" round ball or .454" conical lead bullet. The Ruger Old Army can also shoot modern smokeless cartridges in .45 Colt (.45 Long Colt), or .45 ACP loaded for "cowboy action" muzzle velocities less than about 850 feet per second, via use of a drop-in conversion cylinder made by a number of manufacturers.
Unlike the Blackhawk, the Old Army did not make use of Ruger's transfer bar safety; instead the revolver relied upon a series of safety notches between each chamber on the cylinder like some models of the remington/colt or other black powder revolvers of the mid-19th century had.
The revolver was tested by loading each chamber to capacity with Bullseye smokeless powder and a lead ball. While this might result in catastrophic failure in other firearms, the Old Army proved to be strong enough to handle the pressure.

## Variants

The Old Army was made in blued steel and stainless steel. The first series of revolvers, made between 1972 and 1981 (with serial numbers 140-000000 to 140-46841) were all blued. Beginning in 1982, stainless versions were produced as well, beginning with serial number 145-00000. Originally fitted with adjustable sights, fixed-sight models were first offered in 1994. A 5.5 in (140 mm) barrel was introduced in 2002. Some versions were sold with polymer ivory grips. Barrels of Ruger Old Army revolvers made in 1976 were marked "MADE IN THE 200TH YEAR OF AMERICAN LIBERTY".
# Cerithium balteatum

Cerithium balteatum is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Cerithiidae.

## Distribution

The distribution of Cerithium balteatum includes the Western Central Pacific.
* Philippines
* Indonesia
* Guam
# Queen Mary Cathedral, Barranquilla

The Queen Mary Cathedral (Spanish: Catedral Metropolitana María Reina de Barranquilla) also called Metropolitan Cathedral of Queen Mary is a cathedral church of Catholic worship dedicated to the Blessed Virgin Mary. The cathedral is located in the central area of Barranquilla, Colombia, western side of the Plaza de la Paz (Peace's Square), where the zero point of the city is located. The Cathedral is located within the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Barranquilla, seat of the Archbishop and the parish Cathedral.

## Description

It is a building of modernist style whose construction took 27 years and was designed by the Italian architect Angelo Mazzoni Grande (better known as Angelo Mason Grande), redesigned by the Antiochian firm "Vasquez and Cardenas' which carried out construction . The building has 4,274 square meters of built area, 92 m long, 38 m high at the top; 38 meters at the widest part because the cathedral has a bell-shaped plant that tapers in the apse of the presbytery and can accommodate 4,000 people seated.
# Tapanila railway station

Tapanila (Finnish) or Mosabacka (Swedish) is a railway station in the Tapanila district of Helsinki, Finland. It is located between the stations of Malmi and Puistola, along the main railroad track from Helsinki to Riihimäki, about 13 kilometres northeast from the Helsinki Central railway station.

## History

Tapanila railway station was opened as a small stop in 1907. The stop was originally named Vanda, but was renamed as Mosabacka already in the next year. The first station building was completed in 1910. A new station building was completed in 1939 but was moved to Pikku Huopalahti in 1991. Nowadays Tapanila has no station building.

## Departure tracks

Tapanila railway station has two platform tracks for passenger trains (3, 4). Track 1 has a short platform that is unused by the passenger trains that stop at the station and is no longer accessible.
* Track 3 is used by I trains to the Helsinki Airport as well as K and T trains towards Kerava.
* Track 4 is used by P, K and T trains to Helsinki.
# 1 Area Support Group

1 Area Support Group was a Canadian Army formation that provided support to other Canadian Army formations and units in Western Canada.

## Former Constituent bases and units

1 Area Support Group consists of 12 bases and units:
* Canadian Forces Base Shilo, near Brandon, Man.
* Canadian Forces Base Wainwright, located 200 kilometres (120 mi) east of Edmonton, Alberta.
* Canadian Forces Base Suffield, located near Medicine Hat, Alberta.
* Canadian Forces Base Edmonton
* Area Support Unit Calgary
* Area Support Unit Chilliwack
* 1 Area Support Group Headquarters, based at CFB Edmonton
* 1 Service Battalion, based at CFB Edmonton
* 1 Military Police Unit, headquartered at CFB Edmonton
* 731 Signals Squadron, based at CFB Shilo
* 742 Signals Squadron, based at CFB Edmonton
* The Royal Canadian Artillery Band, based at CFB Edmonton

## Restructuring

With the re-organization and re-structuring of the Canadian Army the 1st Area Support Group was merged with Area Support Unit Edmonton to organize the 3rd Canadian Division Support Group.
# UAW-Ford National Programs Center

The UAW-Ford Joint Trust Center is a tall building in Hart Plaza, Downtown Detroit, Michigan. The high-rise building was constructed in 1948–1950 as the Veterans Memorial Building. It stands at 41 m (135 ft) in height, with 10 above-ground floors.

## Architecture

The Veterans Memorial Building was designed in the International style by the firm of Harley, Ellington and Day, which also designed the nearby 211 West Fort Street Building and the Coleman A. Young Municipal Center. The building exterior is faced with marble to conform with the master plan of the Civic Center. Windows on the east and west walls are square with a single marble frame extending the length of each floor. The narrow north wall has a 30-foot (9.1 m) high Victory Eagle by sculptor Marshall Fredericks carved in relief over the inscription In honored memory of those who gave their lives for their country. Above the eagle at the roof line are 13 stars. The building was dedicated on June 11, 1950, as the Veterans Memorial Building; it housed offices for city agencies and veterans groups.
The main building area contains a 450-seat theater-style conference and a 200-seat lecture hall, both on the ground level. The rear entrance (on the Atwater Street level) also contains a lobby, and another on the second level at the Jefferson Avenue entrance. The Jefferson lobby is 22 feet (6.7 m) above the Atwater lobby.
In September 1995, the United Auto Workers and the City of Detroit reached a long-term agreement to lease the structure, after which it was remodeled to house UAW offices. The remodel included adding a large window above the eagle on the North wall. The remodel was completed on 1 October 1997.
In 2008, the structure received the Twenty-five Year Award from the Michigan Chapter of the American Institute of Architects.
This building is located between Cobo Hall and Hart Plaza. Although its address is on Jefferson Avenue, it is located several feet south of Jefferson on Civic Center Drive. To the west are seven pylons which were also carved by Marshall Fredericks, which depict the founding of Detroit and the ends of several conflicts in which the US played a part.
# Ruben Berta International Airport

Uruguaiana–Ruben Berta International Airport (IATA: URG, ICAO: SBUG) is the airport serving Uruguaiana, Brazil. Since September 29, 1967 it is named after Ruben Berta (1907–1966), third Manager-Director of Varig. Even though Ruben Berta was spelled as Ruben the airport's official name is spelled Rubem.
It is operated by CCR.

## History

The airport was commissioned in 1945 and the terminal building in 1968. On September 29, 1967, the airport was renamed after Ruben Berta.
Previously operated by Infraero, on April 7, 2021 CCR won a 30-year concession to operate the airport.

## Airlines and destinations

| Airlines | Destinations |
| Azul Brazilian Airlines | Porto Alegre Seasonal: Florianópolis |

## Access

The airport is located 9 km (6 mi) from downtown Uruguaiana.
# St. Mihiel American Cemetery and Memorial

The St. Mihiel American Cemetery and Memorial is located at the west edge of Thiaucourt (Meurthe-et-Moselle), France. The 40.5 acres (16.4 ha) cemetery contains the graves of 4,153 American military dead from World War I. The majority of these died in the Battle of Saint-Mihiel, an offensive that resulted in the reduction of the St. Mihiel salient that threatened Paris. The American Battle Monuments Commission administers the cemetery.

## Cemetery design

In the late 1920s, the architect Thomas Harlan Ellett, in collaboration with the sculptor Paul Manship, designed the architectural features of the cemetery, including a memorial peristyle with fluted Doric columns, and flanking it, a chapel and a museum. The project was approved by the National Commission of Fine Arts by 1930, and completed in 1934.
The burial area is divided into four equal quadrants by paths lined with linden trees, at the center of which is a large sundial surmounted by an American eagle. A statue of a World War I soldier, sculpted by Paul Manship, stands at the end of the western axis, while a semi-circular overlook with a sculpted victory vase marks the end of the eastern axis.

## Memorial, chapel and museum

A large rose-granite urn sits at the center of the white marble peristyle, embellished with sculpted drapery and a winged horse symbolizing the flight of the immortal soul to the afterlife.
Inside the museum, an inlaid marble map created by the mosaic artist Barry Faulkner depicts the St. Mihiel offensive. The surrounding walls are inscribed with the names of 284 missing soldiers, with rosettes to mark the names of those whose remains were later recovered and identified.
The chapel's floor is inlaid with green marble, and its coffered ceiling decorated with gilt Napoleonic bees. Above an ivory-tinted altar, a mosaic depicts St. Michael the Archangel, sheathing his sword, flanked by a pair of doves of peace holding olive twigs. Mosaic shields display the colors of the United States and France.

## Notable burials

* Lt. Col. Gilbert C. Grafton (1860–1919), U.S. Army officer, North Dakota National Guard major, and namesake of Camp Grafton
* 2 Lieut. John Hunter Wickersham (1890–1918 †), recipient of the Medal of Honor for action in the St. Mihiel offensive

## Gallery

* Site Plan of Saint Mihiel American Cemetery, Thiaucourt, France, completed 1934.
* Entrance Gate to the Saint Mihiel American Cemetery, Thiaucourt, France, completed 1934.
* Peristyle at the Saint Mihiel American Cemetery, Thiaucourt, France, completed 1934.
# 1891 State of the Union Address

The 1891 State of the Union Address was written by Benjamin Harrison, the 23rd president of the United States. It was to both houses of the 52nd United States Congress on Wednesday, December 9, 1891, by a clerk. He said, "The vista that now opens to us is wider and more glorious than ever before. Gratification and amazement struggle for supremacy as we contemplate the population, wealth, and moral strength of our country."
In domestic matters, the President condemned the 1891 New Orleans lynchings. The President also mentions the expanded work occurring in the Bureau of Indian Affairs including the provision of school facilities for native children.
In foreign affairs, the President mentions the Chile civil war and how it may impact the United States. Also mentioned is the passing of King Kalakaua in Hawaii and the desire of the Hawaiian Kingdom for more trade. The President advocated for the completion of a canal connecting the Atlantic and Pacific oceans being an issue of utmost importance.
# Halley Harding

William Claire Halley Harding (November 13, 1904 – April 1, 1967) was an American Negro league shortstop from 1926 to 1937.
A native of Wichita, Kansas, Harding attended Knox College and Wilberforce University, where he was a standout football quarterback and punter. He played professional basketball for the Harlem Rens, and made his Negro league baseball debut in 1926 for the Indianapolis ABCs.
Following his baseball career, Harding worked as a sportswriter and editor for the Los Angeles Tribune and the Los Angeles Sentinel, and was a leading voice in advocating for the integration of the Los Angeles Rams and the National Football League. He died in Chicago, Illinois in 1967 at age 62.
# Bill Nahorodny

William Gerard Nahorodny (born August 31, 1953) is an American former professional baseball player who played in the Major Leagues from 1976-1984. A catcher, he played for the Philadelphia Phillies, Chicago White Sox, Atlanta Braves, Cleveland Indians, Detroit Tigers, and Seattle Mariners.
Nahorodny attended Hamtramck High School in Hamtrack, Michigan. He then played baseball for St. Clair County Community College and was drafted by the Phillies in the 6th round (123rd overall) of the 1972 amateur draft. He made his major league debut on September 27, 1976, going 1-for-3 in a Phillies win over the St. Louis Cardinals. He was claimed off waivers by the Chicago White Sox on September 8, 1977, and played in a career high 107 games with Chicago in 1978.
Nahorodny was later a part-time player with the Atlanta Braves, Cleveland Indians, Detroit Tigers, and Seattle Mariners. He made his final major league appearance on September 25, 1984, collecting one RBI for Seattle in a loss to the Indians. He played AAA ball with the Portland Beavers before retiring after the 1985 season.
In 308 games over nine seasons, Nahorodny posted a .241 batting average (203-for-844) with 74 runs, 41 doubles, 3 triples, 25 home runs, 109 RBIs and 56 bases on balls. Defensively, he recorded a .983 fielding percentage.
He currently resides in Dunnellon, Florida.
# André S. Labarthe

André S. Labarthe (18 December 1931 – 5 March 2018) was a French actor, film producer and director. He starred alongside Anna Karina in the 1962 film Vivre sa vie. He was the director of many television documentaries that profile specific individuals, beginning with Cinéastes de notre temps.

## Filmography

| Year | Title | Role |
| 1960 | Breathless | Journalist at Orly #1 |
| 1962 | Vivre sa vie | Paul |
| 1969 | L'amour fou | Television Director |
| 1978 | Va voir maman, papa travaille | Le docteur |
| 1991 | Germany Year 90 Nine Zero | Récitant |
| 1993 | Les Enfants jouent à la Russie | Alcide Jolivet |
| 1995 | JLG/JLG – Self-Portrait in December | |
| 2002 | Novo | L'homme au musée |
| 2008 | Monsieur Morimoto | |
| 2010 | Turnê | Le patron du cabaret |