OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ministry of Justice (Jordan)

The Ministry of Justice (Arabic: وزارة العدل الاردنية) of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan is the ministry in the Government of Jordan responsible for Justice.

## List of ministers

Source:
* Mazhar Raslan (1921)
* Ibrahim Hashem (1922-1926)
* Reda Tawfiq (1926)
* Hussam ad-Din Jarallah (1926-1929)
* Ibrahim Hashem (1929-1931)
* Omar Hikmet (1931-1933)
* Ibrahim Hashem (1933-1938)
* Tawfik Abu Al-Huda (1938-1940)
* Omar Hikmet (1940-1941)
* Sheikh Ahmed Alawi Al-Saqqaf (1941-1943)
* Samir Al-Rifai (1943-1944)
* Mohammed Al Ansi (1944)
* Muslim Attar (1945-1946)
* Sheikh Fahmy Hashim (1946-1947)
* Bishara Ghassib (1947)
* Falah Almadadha (1947-1950)
* Rawhi Abdul Hadi (1950)
* Mohammed Al-Shuraiki (1950)
* Abdul Rahman Khalifa (1950)
* Sheikh Abdullah Ghosheh (1950-1951)
* Hazza' al-Majali (1951)
* Falah Almadadha (1951)
* Anastas Hanania (1951-1952)
* Aref Al-Anbtawi (1952)
* Rawhi Abdul Hadi (1952-1953)
* Ali Al-Hassan (1952-1953)
* Shafiq Arshidat (1953)
* Bahjat Talhouni (1953-1954)
* Saba Al-Aksha (1954)
* Hazza' al-Majali (1954-1955)
* Ali Al-Hassan (1955)
* Muhammad Ali Ja'abari (1955)
* Falah Almadadha (1955-1956)
* Ali Al-Hassan (1956)
* Awni Abd al-Hadi (1956)
* Shafiq Arshidat (1956-1957)
* Ibrahim Hashem (1957)
* Majed Abdel Hadi (1957)
* Ibrahim Hashem (1957)
* Falah Almadadha (1957)
* Ali Hindawi (1957)
* Walid Salah (1957)
* Ahmed Al Tarawneh (1957-1958)
* Muhammad Ali Ja'abari (1958)
* Ali Hindawi (1958)
* Muhammad Ali Ja'abari (1959)
* Anastas Hanania (1959)
* Anwar Al Nashashibi (1959-1960)
* Muhammad Ali Ja'abari (1960-1961)
* Hassan Daoud (1961)
* Yaqub Moamer (1961)
* Ahmed Al Tarawneh (1961-1962)
* Hassan Al Kayed (1963-1964)
* Bahjat Talhouni (1964-1965)
* Abdul Rahim Al Waked (1965)
* Jiris Haddadin (1965-1966)
* Simon David (1966-1970)
* Gamal Al-Nasser (1970)
* Fawaz Al Rousan (1970)
* Alzaim Mohammed Dawood (1970)
* Fawaz Al-Rousan (1970-1972)
* Salem Al-Musaeda (1972-1974)
* Naji Al Tarawneh (1974-1976)
* Hassan Al Kayed (1976)
* Ahmed Abdul Karim Tarawneh (1976-1979)
* Najib Arshidat (1979-1980)
* Ahmed Abdel-Karim Tarawneh (1980-1985)
* Riad Shaka (1985-1989)
* Rateb Al-Wazzani (1989)
* Yousef Al-Mubaidin(1989-1991)
* Majid Khalifa (1991)
* Tayseer Kanaan (1991)
* Yousef Al-Mubaidin (1991-1993)
* Rateb Al-Wazzani (1993)
* Taher Hekmat (1993-1994)
* Hisham El Tal (1994-1996)
* Abdel-Karim Deghmi (1996-1997)
* Riad Shaka (1997-1998)
* Jawdat Al-Subul (1998-1999)
* Hamza Haddad (1999-2000)
* Khalaf Masa'deh (2000)
* Faris Nabulsi (2000-2003)
* Salah al-Din al-Bashir (2003-2005)
* Mohammed Ali Alawneh (2005)
* Abdul Shakhanbeh (2005-2006)
* Sherif Zoubi (2006-2007)
* Ayman Odeh (2007-2010)
* Hisham El Tal (2010-2011)
* Hussein Majali (2011)
* Ibrahim Al-Amoush (2011)
* Selim Zoubi (2011-2012)
* Ibrahim Jazi (2012)
* Khalifah Suleiman (2012)
* Ghaleb Zu'bi (2012-2013)
* Ahmad Ziadat (2013)
* Bassam Talhouni (2013-2016)
* Awad Abdul Bakhit Abu Jarad Al-Mashkaba (2016–2021)
* Ahmad Ziadat (2021–2024)
* Bassam Talhouni (2024–present)
# Sir Henry Aubrey-Fletcher, 8th Baronet

Sir Henry Egerton Aubrey-Fletcher, 8th Baronet KCVO KStJ (born 27 November 1945), is the former Lord Lieutenant of Buckinghamshire. He is the grandson of Sir Henry Aubrey-Fletcher, who previously held the office from 1954 to 1961.

## Biography

The only son and second child of Lieut-Col Sir John Aubrey-Fletcher Bt JP and Diana Mary Fynvola Egerton, a scion of the Egertons of Tatton.
Educated at Eton College, Sir Henry spent most of his career either farming or working in broadcasting. He worked on his father's farm until 1972 when he took over the tenancy. The same year he joined BBC Radio Oxford as a freelance presenter working shifts whenever they were available. In 1987 he joined the board of FOX FM, the company awarded the Independent Local Radio licence for Oxfordshire. With others, he went on to found another seven independent radio stations throughout central and southern England, retiring from the radio industry in 2006. He was Deputy Chairman of the National Trust 2002–05 and President of the Country Land and Business Association 2008–10.
Sir Henry and Lady Aubrey-Fletcher now run a number of companies in Buckinghamshire, including Chilton House Residential Home and the Chilton Business Centre.
After succeeding to the family baronetcy upon the death of his father in 1992, he then served as High Sheriff of Buckinghamshire for 1995–96. Sir Henry was admitted to the Freedom of the Haberdashers' Company in 1966.
Aubrey-Fletcher was Lord Lieutenant of Buckinghamshire between 2006 and June 2020; he was knighted as KCVO in the 2019 Birthday Honours.

## Marriage and children

In 1976, Aubrey-Fletcher married (Sara) Roberta Buchanan, younger daughter of Major Robert Buchanan TD, and with her, has three sons:
* John Robert Aubrey-Fletcher (born 20 June 1977)
* Thomas Egerton Aubrey-Fletcher (born 17 November 1980)
* Harry Buchanan Aubrey-Fletcher (born 29 March 1982); married in 2011 at Aldborough, North Yorkshire, the Hon (Sarah) Louise Stourton (born 28 February 1982), eldest daughter of Lord Mowbray, Segrave and Stourton. Harry Aubrey-Fletcher is a friend of Prince William, who, along with his then-fiancée, Catherine Middleton, attended his wedding. Harry Aubrey-Fletcher is also a godfather to Prince Louis of Wales.

## Arms

Coat of arms of Sir Henry Aubrey-Fletcher, 8th Baronet :
* Crest1. A horse's head argent charged with a trefoil gules (Fletcher); 2. An eagle's head erased or (Aubrey).
* EscutcheonQuarterly1st and 4th, sable, a cross engrailed argent, between four plates, each charged with an arrow of the first (Fletcher) , 2nd and 3rd, azure, a chevron between three eagle’s heads erased or (Aubrey)
* MottoMartis non Cupidinis (Belonging to Mars, not Cupid)
* OrdersRoyal Victorian Order - Knight Commander (KCVO)
# World record progression 2x500 m speed skating men

The world record progression of the 2 times 500 meter men as recognised by the International Skating Union:
Some international skating events, such as World Single Distance Championships and World Cups, may include two races of 500 meters. A world record will be registered by ISU for the combined result of the two 500 meter races, only from competitions where the final result of the 500m is determined by the total time after 2 races.
| Nr | Nation | Names | Result | Date | Venue | Meeting |
| 1 | JAP | Hiroyasu Shimizu | 1:08.96 | 10 March 2001 | Salt Lake City | World Championship |
| 2 | South Korea | Lee Kang-seok | 1:08.69 | 9 March 2007 | Salt Lake City | World Championship |
| 3 | CAN | Jeremy Wotherspoon | 1:08.31 | 15 March 2008 | Calgary | Olympic Oval Final |
| 4 | NED | Ronald Mulder | 1:08.26 | 26 February 2017 | Calgary | World Championship |
| 5* | JAP | Tatsuya Shinhama | 1.07:63 | 10 March 2019 | Salt Lake City | World Cup |
*Fastest double 500 meter recorded by ISU in one event but not listed as a world record.
# The Silver Spade

The Silver Spade was a giant power shovel used for strip mining in southeastern Ohio. Manufactured by Bucyrus-Erie, South Milwaukee, Wisconsin, the Silver Spade was one of two model 1950-B shovels built, the other being its sister ship, the GEM of Egypt. Its sole function was to remove the earth and rock overburden from the coal seam. Attempts to purchase and preserve the shovel from Consol to make it the centerpiece of a mining museum exhibit for $2.6 million fell short. A salvage company began scrapping the machine in January 2007. The boom was dropped using explosives on February 9th, ending any rescue attempts. By March 1st, much of the machine had been cut away.

## Facts and figures

* Began operations – November 1965
* Ended operations – April 2006
* Speed – 1/4 mph (400 m/h)
* Bucket capacity – 105 cu yd (80 m$^3$)
* Operating weight – 14,000,000 lb (7,000 short tons, 6,400 metric tons)
* Height – 220 ft to top of boom (67 m)
* Boom length – 200 feet (61 m)
* Width – 59 ft (18 m)
* Height of crawlers – 8 ft (2.5 m)
* Length of crawlers – 34 ft (10 m)
* Maximum dumping height – 139 ft (42 m)
* Maximum dumping radius – 195 ft (59 m)
* Rating on A.C. motors – 13,500 hp (10.1 MW) peak
* Entire operation of the shovel was controlled by two hand levers and a pair of foot pedals.
* Dug 315,000 lb (143 metric tons) of earth in a single bite, swung 180°, and deposited the load up to 390 ft (119 m) away from the digging points at heights up to 140 ft (42.5 m).
* Machine's four 2+5⁄8-inch-diameter (67 mm) hoist ropes totaled 3,000 ft (914 m) in length.
* Fourteen main digging cycle motors could develop a combined peak of 13,500 hp (10.1 MW) at peak load.
* Automatically leveled through four 54-inch-diameter (1,400 mm) hydraulic jacks.
* Swung a 105 cubic yard (80 m$^3$) dipper from a 200 ft (61 m) boom and a 122 ft (37 m) dipper handle.
* The "GEM of Egypt," the other large shovel, had similar size and weight, etc. statistics. The primary difference was the bucket and boom. The GEM was a 130 cubic-yard (99.4 m$^3$) bucket and 170 ft (52 m) boom, while the Spade sported 105 cubic-yard (80 m$^3$) bucket and 200 ft (61 m) boom.

## Dipper arm

The design is unusual, as it uses a knee action crowd, and only these two Bucyrus-Erie 1950-Bs were fitted with this technology.
In a power shovel
* crowding is pushing the bucket at the end of a "handle" ("dipper" or "dipper stick") in or out to control the depth of cut or to position for dumping
* With knee-action, the handle is connected to a moveable pivot point rather than being supported directly by the boom.
** Knee action design made possible the largest shovel ever built, increased digging power, allowed the bucket to move horizontally into the cut and improved swing efficiency, distance, and radius.
The technology was a requirement of the owners and had to be licensed from Marion Power Shovel, with Marion being allowed to use Bucyrus-Erie's cable crowd system in return.
# Extraordinary Tribunal for Dalmatia

The Extraordinary Tribunal for Dalmatia (Italian: Tribunale Straordinario della Dalmazia) was a special judicial body operating within the Governorate of Dalmatia (created in May 1941 by uniting the Dalmatian territories annexed by the Kingdom of Italy after the Axis invasion of Yugoslavia to the Province of Zara), with the task of judging political crimes and individuals belonging to Communist organizations.
Established by governor Giuseppe Bastianini on 11 October 1941, it held four trials characterized by a hasty procedure without any guarantee for the accused, imposing forty-eight death sentences, of which thirty-five were executed, as well as thirty-seven prison sentences of different lengths. Formally supported on the following 24 October by the Special Court of Dalmatia, which in fact assumed the same functions in a more defined legislative framework, he celebrated his last trial on 29 October 1941, finally being dissolved de facto by Bastianini in November of the same year.
General Gherardo Magaldi served as its president, with Pietro Caruso and Vincenzo Serrentino as judges and Second Lieutenant Francesco Centonze as public prosecutor. All four were accused of war crimes by Yugoslavia; Caruso was sentenced to death in Rome in 1944 as a German collaborator and for his role in the Fosse Ardeatine massacre, and Serrentino was arrested by the Yugoslavs in Trieste in May 1945 and sentenced to death in 1947. Magaldi and Centonze were never brought to trial for the facts contested by the Yugoslavs.
A decree given by Mussolini on 24 October 1941, replaced the Extraordinary Tribunal with the Special Court for Dalmatia (Italian: Tribunale Speciale della Dalmazia), which took over the tribunal's functionality and had wide jurisdiction. Like the Extraordinary Tribunal, the Special Court worked quickly, informally and arbitrarily. According to statistics of the Yugoslav State Commission of Crimes of the Occupier and Their Assistants, a total of 5,000 people became subject to proceedings in these Italian courts and the courts condemned 500 of them to death. The remainder were given punishments ranging from long prison sentences, being assigned to forced labour or being sent to concentration camps.
# José Moldes

José Moldes (January 1, 1785 - April 18, 1824) was an Argentine military leader. He was born in the Salta Province, and moved to Spain in his infancy. His father was Antonio Moldes y González, from Barro (Barro is a municipality in Galicia, Spain in the province of Pontevedra). He served in the Spanish army, and joined lodges in Cádiz opposed to the absolutist monarchy. He left Spain and moved to Buenos Aires, supporting the faction of Mariano Moreno after the May Revolution. He was exiled by the 1811 coup, but returned to the Assembly of the Year XIII. He was proposed in 1816 as a possible Supreme Director of the United Provinces of the Río de la Plata by deputies of the Congress of Tucumán, but José de San Martín feared that his strong feud with Buenos Aires may break national unity, and opposed his candidacy.
# David González (footballer, born 1993)

David González Gómez (born 2 August 1993), commonly known as Roni, is a Spanish professional footballer who plays as a forward for Zamora.

## Club career

González was born in Oviedo, Asturias, and represented Real Oviedo as a youth. He made his senior debut with the reserves on 19 December 2010, playing the last 14 minutes in a 1–1 Tercera División away draw against Real Avilés.
In July 2011, González moved to Covadonga; initially assigned back to the youth setup, he ended the season with 11 goals in only 18 first team appearances. On 29 May 2014, after scoring 13 goals, he returned to Oviedo and its B-team.
González scored a career-best 22 goals for Vetusta in 2014–15, and subsequent served loans at Segunda División B sides Lealtad and Caudal Deportivo. Back to the Carbayones in July 2017, he was assigned back to the B-side in the fourth tier.
On 30 August 2018, González agreed to a contract with third division side Langreo, after terminating his link with Oviedo. On 3 July of the following year, he moved to fellow league team Logroñés, and contributed with six goals in 27 appearances as the club achieved a first-ever promotion to Segunda División B.
González made his professional debut on 12 September 2020 at the age of 27, coming on as a second-half substitute for Jon Errasti in a 0–1 away loss against Sporting de Gijón.

## Personal life

González was nicknamed Roni by his former Vetusta manager Iván Ania, who saw a player with physical strengths similar as of Ronaldo.
# Kamloops—Shuswap

Kamloops — Shuswap was a federal electoral district in British Columbia, Canada, that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1979 to 1988. This riding was created in 1976 from parts of Fraser Valley East, Kamloops—Cariboo and Okanagan—Kootenay ridings.
It was abolished in 1987 when it was redistributed into Kamloops and Okanagan—Shuswap ridings.
It consisted of:
* the part of the Thompson-Nicola Regional District lying east of Electoral Areas E and I and north of Electoral Area M; and
* the part of the Columbia-Shuswap Regional District lying west of Electoral Area B.

## Members of Parliament

| Parliament | Years | Member | Party |
| Riding created from Fraser Valley East, Kamloops—Cariboo and Okanagan—Kootenay |||||
| 31st | 1979–1980 | Donald Niel Cameron | Progressive Conservative |
| 32nd | 1980–1984 | Nelson Riis | New Democratic |
| 33rd | 1984–1988 | Nelson Riis | New Democratic |
| Riding dissolved into Kamloops and Okanagan—Shuswap |||||

## Election results

1984 Canadian federal election :
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | New Democratic | Nelson A. Riis | 30,512 | 54.08 | +4.05 |
| | Progressive Conservative | Robert Michael Latta | 20,500 | 36.33 | -8.53 |
| | Liberal | Patricia Anne Wallace | 4,675 | 8.29 | +3.85 |
| | Rhinoceros | A. Dean Purych | 353 | 0.63 | -0.03 |
| | Green | Connie Harris | 216 | 0.38 | – |
| | Confederation of Regions | E. Neville Houghton | 102 | 0.18 | – |
| | Independent | Leon Mikulin | 65 | 0.12 | – |
| Total valid votes | Total valid votes | Total valid votes | 56,423 | 100.0 |
| | New Democratic hold | New Democratic hold | Swing | Swing | +6.29 |
1980 Canadian federal election :
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | New Democratic | Nelson A. Riis | 17,896 | 39.10 | +11.57 |
| | Progressive Conservative | Don Cameron | 16,046 | 35.06 | -8.68 |
| | Liberal | Malcolm Bates (Mack) Bryson | 11,588 | 25.32 | -3.40 |
| | Rhinoceros | Kyle Storey | 237 | 0.52 | – |
| Total valid votes | Total valid votes | Total valid votes | 35,767 | 100.0 |
| | New Democratic gain from Progressive Conservative | New Democratic gain from Progressive Conservative | Swing | Swing | +10.69 |
1979 Canadian federal election :
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Progressive Conservative | Don Cameron | 19,369 | 43.74 |
| | Liberal | Len Marchand | 12,720 | 28.72 |
| | New Democratic | Ron H. Anderson | 12,193 | 27.53 |
| Total valid votes | Total valid votes | Total valid votes | 44,282 | 100.0 |
| This riding was created from parts of Fraser Valley East, Kamloops—Cariboo and Okanagan—Kootenay, which elected two Progressive Conservatives and one Liberal (Kamloops—Cariboo). Liberal Leonard Marchand was the incumbent from Kamloops—Cariboo. |||||||
# William Hopson

William C. "Wild Bill" Hopson (c. 1887 – October 18, 1928) was an American pilot known for flying airmail for the United States Postal Service between 1920 and 1927.

## Early life

William C. Hopson was born to Edward F. Hopson. Hopson attended elementary and high school in Decatur, Illinois. He graduated high school in 1905 and delivered mail for and worked in the newsroom of the Decatur Herald.

## Career

Hopson served in the United States Navy during World War I. Hopson worked as a taxi cab driver in New York City.
Hopson went by the nickname "Wild Bill". He flew airmail for the United States Postal Service from April 14, 1920, until September 3, 1927, when airmail service was transferred to private companies. He initially flew in New Jersey and later flew a route from Omaha, Nebraska, to Chicago. During his service, he flew over 4,000 hours and over 413,000 miles. Hopson was known for making forced landings and his popularity allowed him to get away with it. In the year 1926 alone, he reportedly made at least 13 forced landings that his managers declared as acceptable.
After private companies took over airmail service, Hopson worked for the National Air Transport company and flew a contract airmail route between New York City and Chicago.

## Personal life

Hopson married Jeanette F. They later divorced. He had one child, Robert.

## Crash and death

Hopson died instantly on October 18, 1928, at the age of 41, near Polk, Pennsylvania, in a plane crash while flying on his contract airmail route between New York City and Chicago. Hopson's plane was carrying about US$100,000 in diamonds. Only about US$65,000 of the diamonds were recovered. He was buried at Memorial Park Cemetery in Rock Island, Illinois.
# Ralph Basset, 1st Lord Basset of Drayton

Ralph Basset, 1st Baron Basset (before 1265 – 31 December 1299) of Drayton Bassett in Staffordshire, was an English nobleman who fought in both the Anglo-French War and in the First War of Scottish Independence. He was the son of one of Simon de Montfort's barons, Ralph Basset (d.1265), and Margaret de Somery. In 1291, he was made Governor of Edinburgh Castle. He was created 1st Baron Basset of Drayton in 1295.

## Family and title

Ralph Basset was the son of one of Simon de Montfort's baronial lords, also called Ralph Basset, and Margaret de Somery. Ralph senior was killed in the Battle of Evesham with de Montfort's forces in 1265 with his lands and titles being forfeited due to his rebellion.
In some records Ralph Basset is listed as the 2nd Baron Basset of Drayton, his father being the first. The Barony of Drayton was created during Simon de Montfort's Parliament in 1264 but the validity of the summons and appointments have been debated over the subsequent centuries. Depending on the view taken, in 1295, Ralph Basset was either created as the 1st Baron Basset of Drayton or he regained his father's title as the 2nd baron.
Ralph Basset married Hawise de Grey and on his death at the close of 1299 was succeeded by his son, another Ralph Basset.

## Governor of Edinburgh Castle

In the political tumult brought about by the various competitors for the Crown of Scotland, Edward I of England was able to gain an advantage. On 11 June 1291 the town and castle of Edinburgh were placed into his hands and he subsequently granted the governorship of Edinburgh Castle to Drayton and the Castle was garrisoned with English soldiers.
# Triphenyltin hydride

Triphenyltin hydride is the organotin compound with the formula (C$_6$H$_5$)$_3$SnH. It is a colorless distillable oil that is soluble in organic solvents. It is often used as a source of "H·" to generate radicals or cleave carbon-oxygen bonds.

## Preparation and reactions

Ph$_3$SnH, as it is more commonly abbreviated, is prepared by treatment of triphenyltin chloride with lithium aluminium hydride. Although Ph$_3$SnH is treated as a source of "H·", in fact it does not release free hydrogen atoms, which are extremely reactive species. Instead, Ph$_3$SnH transfers H to substrates usually via a radical chain mechanism. This reactivity exploits the relatively good stability of "Ph$_3$Sn·"
# Richard Spendlove

Richard Spendlove MBE (born 16 June 1939) is a retired British radio presenter/producer and television writer.

## Life and work

Spendlove was born in Carlton in Nottinghamshire. He worked for British Railways for 35 years, and in 1963 was appointed Relief Station Master at Ely in Cambridgeshire. He retired from the railways in 1989 at the age of 50, to pursue a career in broadcasting.
With David Croft he wrote and created a BBC TV comedy series, Oh, Doctor Beeching!, which ran on BBC One between 1995 and 1997.
From 1989 until 2017, Spendlove worked for BBC Local Radio as the host of his long-running Saturday night music and phone-in show, which was simulcast from BBC Radio Cambridgeshire and also broadcast on the Eastern Counties radio stations, Radio Norfolk, Radio Suffolk, Radio Essex, BBC Three Counties Radio, Radio Northampton and Radio Kent. In January 1994, an Early day motion tabled in the House of Commons after a break in its broadcasting received a total of fifteen signatures. It was believed to be the longest running phone-in chat show on British Radio. He also presented in the afternoons on BBC Radio Cambridgeshire until 16 June 2017, his 78th birthday.
Since then, the Saturday night show format has returned on and off. From 4 December 2017 to 25 March 2018, Spendlove returned to broadcast the show on Mildenhall, Suffolk based community station Zack FM, on Monday nights and later Sunday nights. From late 2018 to May 2020, the show was broadcast live, on and off, on selected Saturday and later Sunday evenings online, and had a dedicated Facebook page.
Spendlove was awarded the MBE for "Services to Regional and Local Radio Broadcasting" in 2000.
In 2016, the BBC was critical of his use of his show to gain support for a convicted Royal Marine murderer.
Spendlove now lives in Harston, Cambridgeshire.
He and his wife Betty, who sat opposite him in the studio during his Saturday night show for much of the run on the BBC, married in November 1960. She died in August 2021.
Richard Spendlove currently presents on Wednesday afternoons between 1pm and 2pm on Royston Radio.