# Royal Society of South Australia

The Royal Society of South Australia (RSSA) is a learned society whose interest is in science, particularly, but not only, of South Australia. The major aim of the society is the promotion and diffusion of scientific knowledge, particularly in relation to natural sciences. The society was originally the Adelaide Philosophical Society, founded on 10 January 1853. The title "Royal" was granted by Queen Victoria in October 1880 and the society changed its name to its present name at this time. It was incorporated in 1883. It also operates under the banner Science South Australia.

## History

The origins of the Royal Society are related to the South Australian Literary and Scientific Association, founded in August 1834, before the colonisation of South Australia, and whose book collection eventually formed the kernel of the State Library of South Australia.
The Society had its origins in a meeting at the Stephens Place home of J. L. Young (founder of the Adelaide Educational Institution) on the evening of 10 January 1853. Members inducted to the new "Adelaide Philosophical Society" were Messrs. John Brown, John Howard Clark, Davy, Doswell, Charles Gregory Feinaigle, Gilbert, Gosse, Hamilton, D. Hammond, W. B. Hays, Jones, Kay, Mann, W. W. R. Whitridge, Williams, Wooldridge and John Lorenzo Young. J. Howard Clark was elected secretary. On 15 September rules were adopted and His Excellency the Governor Sir Henry Young was elected president, with Benjamin Herschel Babbage and Matthew Moorhouse as vice-presidents. T. D. Smeaton has also been credited with helping found the Society. Its aim was "the diffusion and advancement of the Arts and Sciences", and one of its earliest subjects of discussion was the formation of a museum showing the natural history of the Colony.
At the time of its first Annual General Meeting membership had risen to 35, and in 1859 the Society was incorporated under the South Australian Institute Act. The establishment of the University of Adelaide in 1875 revitalised the Society, which had flagged for some years before.
It received royal patronage, becoming the Royal Society of South Australia late in 1880, following the nomenclature used in other Australian colonies, and perhaps hoping to emulate their success.
The Field Naturalists Society of South Australia was formed as a section of the Society in 1883. In 1943 Constance Eardley became the first woman to be elected to the Council of the Society.

## Membership

There are five classes of members:
* Honorary Fellows
* Sustaining Fellows
* Fellows
* Associate Fellows
* Student Fellows

## Awards and medals

The society awards:
* The Verco Medal
* The Publication Medal
* The Royal Society of South Australia Postgraduate Student Prize
* The H. G. Andrewartha Medal

## Publications

The RSSA has published the journal Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia since 1879, previously (from 1877–1878) Transactions and proceedings and report of the Philosophical Society of Adelaide. From 2004, the journal partnered with the South Australian Museum in the Southern Scientific Press, amalgamating their two journals. From 2005, the journal has been available in electronic form only, via Taylor & Francis Online.
In June 2020 an annotated list of 95 Australian bird fossils was published in the Transactions, the first such list since 1975, contributing to the documented knowledge of bird extinctions. The list includes three species of huge flamingos from the Kati Thanda-Lake Eyre and Lake Frome areas of South Australia, which were estimated to inhabit the area for 25 million years before becoming extinct about 140,000 years ago, most likely from drought. There were also penguins measuring about 2 metres (6 ft 7 in) tall, which lived between about 60 million and 30 million years ago, dying out in the Oligocene.

## List of presidents

Royal Society of South Australia Presidents:
| Term | Name |
| 1853–1854 | Sir Henry Young |
| 1855 | Benjamin Babbage |
| 1856–1861 | Sir Richard MacDonnell |
| 1862–1868 | Sir Dominick Daly |
| 1869–1872 | James Ferguson |
| 1877 | Sir William Jervois |
| 1878–1879 | Ralph Tate |
| 1880–1881 | Sir Samuel Way |
| 1882 | Sir Charles Todd |
| 1883 | H. T. Whittell |
| 1884 | Sir Horace Lamb |
| 1885 | Henry Mais |
| 1886–1889 | Edward Rennie |
| 1889 | Sir Edward Stirling |
| 1890–1891 | Thomas Blackburn |
| 1892–1894 | Ralph Tate (2nd term) |
| 1895–1896 | Walter Howchin |
| 1897–1899 | William Lennox Cleland |
| 1900–1903 | Edward Rennie (2nd term) |
| 1903–1921 | Sir Joseph Verco |
| 1921 | Richard Sanders Rogers |
| 1922–1924 | Robert Henry Pulleine |
| 1925 | Sir Douglas Mawson |
| 1926 | Theodore Osborn |
| 1927 | Frederic Wood Jones |
| 1927–1928 | Sir John Cleland |
| 1929–1930 | Leonard Keith Ward |
| 1931 | Charles Fenner |
| 1932 | Thomas Harvey Johnston |
| 1933 | James Arthur Prescott |
| 1934 | John McConnell Black |
| 1935 | Thomas Draper Campbell |
| 1936 | Cecil Madigan |
| 1937 | Herbert Mathew Hale |
| 1938 | James Davidson |
| 1939 | Henry Fry |
| 1940 | Ralph W. Segnit |
| 1941 | Sir John Cleland (2nd term) |
| 1942 | Joseph Garnett Wood |
| 1943 | William Ternent Cooke |
| 1944 | Herbert Womersley |
| 1945 | Sir Douglas Mawson (2nd term) |
| 1946 | Clarence Sherwood Piper |
| 1947 | Hugh Christian Trumble |
| 1948 | D. C. Swan |
| 1949 | Norman Tindale |
| 1950 | A. W. Kleeman |
| 1951 | Bernard Charles Cotton |
| 1952 | H. G. Andrewartha |
| 1953 | S. B. Dickinson |
| 1954 | J. K. Taylor |
| 1955 | R. V. Southcott |
| 1956 | C. G. Stephens |
| 1957 | I. M. Thomas |
| 1958 | Leslie Wedgwood (Lee) Parkin |
| 1959–1960 | T. R. N. Lothian |
| 1961 | R. V. Southcott (2nd term) |
| 1962 | Nelly Hooper Ludbrook |
| 1963 | J. T. Hutton |
| 1964 | Arthur Richard Alderman |
| 1965 | S.J. Edmonds |
| 1966 | Brian Daily |
| 1967 | Hugh Bryan Spencer Womersley |
| 1968 | K. R. Miles |
| 1969 | F. J. Mitchell |
| 1970 | C. B. Wells |
| 1971 | W. G. Inglis |
| 1972 | Helmut Wopfner |
| 1973 | K. E. Lee |
| 1974 | G. F. Gross |
| 1975 | J. W. Holmes |
| 1976 | Charles Rowland Twidale |
| 1977 | Bruce Phillip Webb |
| 1978 | J. J. H. Szent-Ivany |
| 1979 | John Kynaston Ling |
| 1980 | Scoresby A. Shepherd |
| 1981 | Warren Bonython |
| 1982–1983 | D. W. P. Corbett |
| 1984 | John S. Womersley |
| 1985–1986 | Mike Tyler |
| 1987 | T. D. Scott |
| 1988–1989 | G. M. E. Mayo |
| 1990–1992 | N. A. Locket |
| 1992–1994 | William David (Bill) Williams |
| 1994–1996 | Margaret M. Davies |
| 1996–1998 | T. C. R. White |
| 1998–2000 | Martin Anthony Joseph Williams |
| 2000–2002 | Neville F. Alley |
| 2002–2004 | O. W. Wiebkin |
| 2004–2006 | Rob W. Fitzpatrick |
| 2006–2008 | Allan Pring |
| 2008–2010 | John T. Jennings |
| 2010–2012 | Nicholas J. Souter |
| 2012–2014 | Craig R. Williams |
| 2014–2016 | C. Michael Bull |
| 2016–2019 | J. Long |
| 2019–Present | Sabine Dittmann |

## Verco Medal recipients

    "The medal shall be awarded for distinguished scientific work published by a Fellow of the Royal Society of South Australia. It is the highest honour that the Society can bestow on one of its Fellows. Only those who have made a significant, outstanding contribution to their field(s) of study receive the award."
The medal is named in honour of Joseph Verco. The first award of the medal was to Prof Walter Howchin in 1929.
Previous winners include:
| Year | Name |
| 1966 | Arthur Richard Alderman |
| 2004 | Neville F. Alley |
| 1962 | Herbert Andrewartha |
| 1996 | Mike Archer |
| 2011 | A. Austin |
| 2001 | R. V. Baudinette |
| 1989 | Ian Beveridge |
| 1991 | A.F. Bird |
| 1930 | John McConnell Black |
| 2003 | John Bowie |
| 2017 | Corey Bradshaw |
| 1994 | P.F. Brownell |
| 2009 | M. Bull |
| 1933 | John Burton Cleland |
| 2013 | Alan Cooper |
| 2015 | D. Day |
| 1992 | Patrick De Deckker |
| 1982 | S. J. Edmonds |
| 1960 | Hedley Herbert Finlayson |
| 1999 | Rob Fitzpatrick |
| 1970 | Martin Glaessner |
| 1979 | G. F. Gross |
| 1946 | Herbert M. Hale |
| 1978 | J. W. Holmes |
| 1929 | Walter Howchin |
| 1976 | J. T. Hutton |
| 1986 | W. G. Inglis |
| 1987 | R. K. Johns |
| 1935 | Thomas Harvey Johnston |
| 1990 | R. T. Lange |
| 1985 | K. E. Lee |
| 2018 | Mike Lee |
| 2014 | John A. Long |
| 1963 | Nelly Hooper Ludbrook |
| 1945 | Cecil Madigan |
| 1931 | Douglas Mawson |
| 2012 | Brian McGowran |
| 1971 | Charles P. Mountford |
| 1983 | K. H. Northcote |
| 1972 | Leslie Wedgwood (Lee) Parkin |
| 1995 | P. A. Parsons |
| 1957 | Clarence Sherwood Piper |
| 1998 | W. V. Preiss |
| 1938 | James Arthur Prescott |
| 2002 | J. R. Prescott |
| 2005 | Allan Pring |
| 1967 | L. D. Pryor |
| 1981 | Rupert William Roye Rutland |
| 2008 | Scoresby A. Shepherd |
| 2010 | Mike Smith |
| 1965 | R. V. Southcott |
| 1961 | R. L. Specht |
| 1968 | Reg Sprigg |
| 1959 | C.G. Stephens |
| 1974 | P. M. Thomas |
| 1975 | B. P. Thomson |
| 1956 | Norman Tindale |
| 1977 | Charles Rowland Twidale |
| 1980 | Michael J. Tyler |
| 1955 | Leonard Keith Ward |
| 1993 | G. F. Watson |
| 2000 | Tom White |
| 2007 | Martin Anthony Joseph Williams |
| 1988 | William David (Bill) Williams |
| 1997 | Joseph Tony Wiskitch |
| 1943 | Herbert Womersley |
| 1969 | Hugh Bryan Spencer Womersley |
| 1944 | Joseph Garnett Wood |
| 1973 | Helmut Wopfner |
| 1932 | not awarded |
| 1934 | not awarded |
| 1936–1937 | not awarded |
| 1939–1942 | not awarded |
| 1947–1954 | not awarded |
| 1958 | not awarded |
| 1964 | not awarded |
| 1984 | not awarded |
| 2006 | not awarded |
| 2016 | not awarded |

## Notable members

Notable members of the Royal Society of South Australia have included:
* Prof. William Henry Bragg,
* Prof. Sir Robert William Chapman,
* Thomas Charles Cloud (died 1918),
* Alexander William Dobbie (born 1843),
* John William Hall Hullett (born 1847),
* Prof. Horace Lamb
* Dr. Cecil Thomas Madigan (1889–1947),
* James McGeorge,
* Thomas Parker,
* Walter Rutt (1842–1925),
* Prof. Ralph Tate
* Sir Charles Todd,
* Carl Albert Unbehaun (1851–1924) and
* Robert Archibald White.