OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Romani people in Latvia

Romani people in Latvia represent one of the country's oldest ethnic minorities. These include the Loftitke and Xaladytka subgroups, which have lived in Latvia since ancient times. According to the Office for Citizenship and Migration Affairs, there were 7,456 Romani people living in Latvia as of 2017, comprising 0.3% of the total population. However, they continue to suffer from discrimination by ethnic Latvians.
According to the latest extensive survey "Roma in Latvia", the data reveals that nearly half of the Roma individuals interviewed (49.3%) responded negatively when asked about their ethnicity recorded in their passports. Additionally, 12.9% admitted that another nationality is stated, while only 36.5% acknowledged themselves as Roma in their passports. Out of all the officially registered Roma individuals, 94.4% hold Latvian citizenship, and approximately 70% of them are fluent in Latvian. Furthermore, a significant majority of Roma consider the Romani language as their mother tongue.
According to the Council of Europe, approximately 5,600 Romani people live in Latvia (0.3% of the population).
# Walter Gavito

José Walter Gavito (La Plata, January 4, 1935 - Buenos Aires, June 8, 2017) was an Argentine sculptor known for his work in contemporary sculpture. His work spans a variety of styles and techniques, primarily exploring the human figure and its relationship with space. Many of his pieces were cast in bronze, a material that Gavito mastered and personally used in the casting process, allowing him to maintain full control over the realization of his sculptures.
The influence of cubism is evident in many of his works, where geometric shapes and fragmented perspectives combine to represent the human figure. In particular, many of his sculptures explore the female nude, approached with a perspective that merges the abstract and the figurative.
Throughout his career, Gavito actively participated in significant institutions and artistic spaces in Italy, such as the Galleria d'Arte Sacra dei Contemporanei di Milano (Villa Clerici) and the Museo Pagani Arte Moderna e Contemporanea (Castellanza). His connection with renowned Italian artists such as Enrico Manfrini, Lello Scorzelli, and Francesco Messina marked a significant part of his international trajectory. His work, which earned him numerous awards both nationally and internationally, can be found in public and private collections in Argentina, Uruguay, Italy, Greece, and other countries, establishing him as one of the most prominent figures in Argentine sculpture.
# Giovanni Andrea Ansaldo

Giovanni Andrea Ansaldo (1584 – August 18, 1638) was an Italian painter active mainly in Genoa.

## Life

Ansaldo was born in Voltri, now part of the comune of Genoa, the son of a merchant. He trained under Orazio Cambiasi and possibly collaborated with Bernardo Strozzi.
Two of his pupils were Giuseppe Badaracco and Bartolomeo Bassi. One of his descendants was Innocenzo Ansaldo of Pescia (February 12, 1734- February 16, 1816).
He died in Genoa and was probably buried in the same Annunziata church.

## Work

Only a few of Ansaldo's works are dated or documented, but most of these paintings listed in the early art historian Raffaello Soprani's 1768 publication about artists in Genoa Le vite de' pittori, scultori, ed architetti genovesi still survive. They span a period of over 20 years.
Ansaldo's works are typical of the Genoese eclecticism of the early 17th century, influenced by Flemish artists such as Rubens and Anthony van Dyck and the Milanese Giovanni Battista Crespi, Giulio Cesare Procaccini and il Morazzone.
Ansaldo was responsible for the fresco decoration of the cupola of the Basilica della Santissima Annunziata del Vastato of Genova, completed during 1635–1638, just before his death. His Annunciation fresco is considered the first true Baroque painting in the city. Through a complex trompe-l'œil view, it reproduces the interior of a Greek Cross planned church, with Mary ascending to heaven being awaited by the Holy Father in the centre of the dome.
Altarpieces from Ansaldo were commissioned for the Cathedral of Segovia. A Deposition is presently housed in the Accademia Linguistica of Genoa.
# Brodie Lockard

Brodie Lockard is an American computer programmer who wrote the first computerized version of Mahjong solitaire on the PLATO system.

## Early life and education

His parents were Kirby and Dorothy Lockard (née Judge). Brodie grew up in Tucson, Arizona and attended Stanford University, initially majoring in English. He took courses in mathematics and computer science as he realised they might improve his luck in the job market. He befriended Jeffrey Chung, a pre-med student, who told him about the PLATO system, which he had seen in Hawaii. However, the system was not available in Stanford.
His father was a professor at the University of Arizona, which had access to the PLATO system and Professor Lockard wanted to use the system in his classes. Brodie worked for him, creating a tutorial. When he returned to Stanford, he made enquiries about renting a terminal, but discovered they were prohibitively expensive.

### Accident

In December 1979 he suffered an accident while dismounting from a trampoline. He awoke in hospital, on a breathing apparatus, with his limbs paralyzed. He learned how to type with a mouth-stick and after his father reached out to CDC, Cindy Poulson of CDC visited Brodie, bringing her personal PLATO terminal for him to use.

### Mahjong Solitaire

During his rehabilitation, Brodie was introduced to a tile-based board game, which was Mahjong solitaire, and implemented it on PLATO.
Brodie moved to Hawaii in 2000.
# Boquiñeni

Boquiñeni is a municipality located in the province of Zaragoza, Aragon, Spain. According to the 2004 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 1,013 inhabitants.
# Toni Mannix

Toni Lanier Mannix (born Camille Bernice Froomess; February 19, 1906 – September 2, 1983) was an American actress and dancer in early motion pictures filmed with soundtracks, known as "talkies". Going by the name Toni Lanier, she became known in Hollywood circles for her extramarital relationship with future husband MGM studio head Eddie Mannix, who was married at the time to Bernice Fitzmaurice. Following Fitzmaurice's death in 1937, Lanier moved in with Mannix. The couple married in 1951. It was not long after her marriage to Mannix that she began a notorious affair with actor George Reeves, also in 1951.

## Early life

Mannix was born Camille Bernice Froomess on February 19, 1906 in New York City. Her father, Charles, was a French immigrant, and her mother, Elizabeth, was a French Canadian Roman Catholic. The large family would ultimately include 11 children: seven boys and four girls. The children were raised in their mother's faith. Mannix's father was a department store window decorator in Rochester, New York, and her mother was a homemaker.

## Career

For a time, Mannix was a Ziegfeld Follies showgirl and appeared in the Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer biography of Florenz Ziegfeld's life, The Great Ziegfeld (1936).

## Personal life

Toni Lanier, the Ziegfeld dancer and actress met MGM's general manager Eddie Mannix in the 1930s. She later lived with him as his mistress, and then as his wife, until he died in 1963. Shortly after her marriage to Mannix in 1951 and shortly before the launch of George Reeves to stardom in the successful television series Adventures of Superman, Mannix met and began an extramarital affair with Reeves, with the permission of her husband, according to Reeves' co-stars Noel Neill and Jack Larson.
Reeves ended the affair in 1958 after meeting and starting a relationship with "B-girl" Leonore Lemmon in New York while he was traveling on business. His death by gunshot wound to the head five months later was officially ruled a suicide, although questions have been raised about the circumstances under which he died. Mannix was devastated by Reeves' death and remained dedicated to him, reportedly building a shrine to him in her house.

## In popular culture

* In the 2006 Allen Coulter film Hollywoodland, Toni Mannix is portrayed onscreen by actress Diane Lane.
# Pat Bruders

Patrick Bruders is an American musician who is the bassist for heavy metal supergroup Down, former bassist of extreme metal band Goatwhore from 1997 to 2004, and former bassist for sludge metal band Crowbar from 2005 until 2013.
In 2008, Bruders joined Eyehategod's side project Outlaw Order and began live bass duties for the band, but has since parted ways with the group. He began touring as live bassist with Down in early 2011, replacing former bassist Rex Brown, before being added as a permanent member, performing live and in studio. Bruders is also a member of the New Orleans–based crust punk band Gasmiasma, Austin-based country band Pure Luck, and joined the doom metal band Saint Vitus in 2016.

## Discography
### Goatwhore

| Date of release | Title |
| 2000 | The Eclipse of Ages into Black |
| 2003 | Funeral Dirge for the Rotting Sun |

### Crowbar

| Date of release | Title |
| 2011 | Sever the Wicked Hand |

### Down

| Date of release | Title |
| 2012 | Down IV – Part I |
| 2014 | Down IV – Part II |

### Gasmiasma

| Date of release | Title |
| 2011 | Trenchrats EP |
| 2012 | Crashermangle |
| 2013 | Krvs Kadavers (live cassette) |
| 2014 | Thermobarbarian Glioblastoma |

## Personal life

Bruders is married to Stephanie Bruders (née Lecompte).
# Rainier Tower

Rainier Tower is a 41-story, 156.67 m (514.0 ft) skyscraper in the Metropolitan Tract of Seattle, Washington, at 1301 Fifth Avenue. It was designed by Minoru Yamasaki, who designed the World Trade Center in New York City as well as the IBM Building, which is on the corner across the street from Rainier Tower to the southeast. Its construction was completed in 1977.
The skyscraper has an unusual appearance, being built atop an 11-story, 37 m (121 ft) concrete pedestal base that tapers towards ground level, like an inverted pyramid. Architect Yamasaki chose the design in order to preserve the greenery of downtown Seattle and allow more ground space to be devoted to a retail shopping plaza.
Beneath the tower was Rainier Square, an underground shopping mall connecting with One Union Square, which is owned by the University of Washington (UW). This shopping center was demolished in 2017. Both the mall and tower were originally named after Rainier Bank, which was merged in the 1980s into Security Pacific, which was eventually merged into Bank of America. The tower was named after Security Pacific in 1989 until UW chose to rename it back to the more familiar "Rainier Tower" in 1995.
Locals often refer to it as the "Beaver Building" as its physical appearance looks like a tree being felled by a beaver. It had also been referred to as the "golf tee" building.
In 2015, the University of Washington proposed the Rainier Square Tower, an 850 ft mixed-use tower, to occupy space on the same block as the Rainier Tower. Construction began in September 2017, and completed in 2020.
# Tianluokeng Tulou cluster

Tianluokeng tulou cluster is one of the better known groups of Fujian tulou. It is located in the village of Tianluokeng (lit. 'snail pit') in the town of Fujian, Nanjing County, southern Fujian province.
The cluster consists of a square earth building at the center of a quincunx, surrounded by four round earth buildings (or more exactly, 3 round earth buildings and one oval shape earth building), figuratively nicknamed "four dishes one soup".
A tulou (lit. "earth building") is a unique architecture found only in the mountainous areas bordering Fujian and Guangdong in southern China. The "earth building" is an enclosed building, usually square or circular in shape, with a very thick earth wall (up to 6 feet thick) and wooden skeletons, from three to five stories high, housing up to 80 families. These earth buildings have only one entrance, guarded by 4–5-inch-thick (100–130 mm) wooden doors re-enforced with an outer shell of iron plate. The top level of these earth building have gun holes for defense against bandits. In spite of the earth wall, some of them are more than 700 years old, surviving through centuries of exposure to the natural elements, including earthquakes. There are more than 35,000 earth buildings to be found in southern China, among them a little over 3,000 have been classified as Fujian Tulou.
On July 7, 2008, at the UNESCO 32nd session held in Quebec City, Canada, the Tianluokeng Tulou cluster was inscribed as one of 46 Fujian Tulou World Heritage Sites.
The five earth buildings at the Snail Pit village are:
* The square earth building named Buyun building(Reaching the Cloud building) at the center of the quincunx. It was the first earth building at this site, built in 1796. It is three stories high, each story has 26 rooms, four sets of stairs, and a circular corridor in front of the rooms. The Buyun building was burnt down by bandits in 1936, and rebuilt in 1953 according to the original shape.
* The Hechang building, a three-story-high round earth building.
* Zhenchang building, three-story, round shape, 26 rooms per story, built in 1930.
* Ruiyun building, built in 1936.
* The last Wenchang building of 1966, three stories, 32 rooms per story.
The cluster is located about four hours drive by bus or taxi from Xiamen, through winding and bumpy narrow mountain roads (Fujian Provincial Highway 309 (S309), or county roads).
* Earth building group at TianLuokeng
* Interior of Tianluokeng Tulou cluster
* Buyun building main gate
* Interior of Wenchang earth building
# José María Yáñez

General José María Yáñez Carrillo (1803 – August 10, 1880) was a Mexican soldier who fought in the Mexican War of Independence. He also served in the Mexican-American war and the war against the French attempt to create an empire in Mexico.

## Biography

He was born to peasants in Valle de Santiago, Guanajuato, and ran away from home as a child to see other lands and customs of the people. At the age of 18, he joined the Ejército Trigarante to fight for the Independence of Mexico where he was promoted, and had his best performance in the defense of Tampico against an expedition eight years after the independence was consummated.
In 1838, he contributed to the successful defense of Veracruz against French invaders when they attacked during the Pastry War. On May 20, 1846, he revolted against President Mariano Paredes y Arrillaga, who was a conservative trying to turn the republic into a monarchy. As a general in Jalisco, commanding an army of 500 men and six artillery pieces, he attacked the invading U.S. Army, which had arrived through the San Blas port, forcing the Americans to retreat.
In 1852, he was designated governor of Jalisco, by the conservatives who supported, with José María Blancarte, the Hospice Plan.
In November 1853 he commanded the forces that defeated William Walker and filibusters who tried to seize Baja California and Sonora to create an independent republic.
One of the most notable military facts about Yáñez, was the defense of Guaymas. He was designated governor of Sonora on April 19, 1854, and, on July 13 of the same year, he defended the state against an army under the command of Count Gaston de Raousset-Boulbon. In that month, the state of Sonora was invaded by 400 filibusters from France, Germany and Chile, under the command of Boulbon who was trying to seize the Mexican state and found an independent country. Count Boulbon had tried to convince Yáñez to give up Guaymas without resistance and, after his refusal, attacked the port on July 13. Neighboring Mexican states joined the army commanded by Yañez and Boulbon was arrested and executed on August 13. President Santa Anna criticized Yáñez out of apparent jealousy for his courage but, after his administration ended, Yáñez was declared "Benefactor (Benemérito) of Sonora and Jalisco". He was later designated governor of Sinaloa and, as such, he accepted the Tacubaya Plan. Few days later he resigned, leaving Pedro Espejo as governor of Sinaloa, and traveled to Mexico City.
He died, as a Minister of War and the Navy, in Mexico City.
Guaymas Airport is named after him.
# Bowyer Hendley

Bowyer Hendley was an English landowner who served as High Sheriff of Kent.

## Life

Hendley (the name was often written as Henley) was born in 1665, the son of John Hendley (1617-1676), Lord of the Manor of Otham, and his wife Priscilla (1627-1684), daughter of Thomas Fludd / Floyd, owner of Gore Court in Otham. His other grandfather was Sir Thomas Hendley. His arms were "Pale, bendy, azure and gules, eight martlets, three, two, and three, or." In about 1684 he married Mary (1666-1752), daughter of Thomas Sharpe of Benenden.
In 1702 he served as Sheriff of Kent and in 1712 he bought the mansion of Gore Court from his uncle Alabaster Fludd.
His will, made 23 September 1740, was proved on 31 December 1742 and his monument is in St Nicholas's Church, Otham.

## Family

Hie eldest son William Hendley (1686-1762) was his heir. His youngest daughter Anne (1697-1787) married
the Reverend Samuel Horne (1693-1768), who was presented to the living of Otham in 1727 by his father-in-law, and became the mother of George Horne (bishop).
# Raleigh Hotel (Washington, D.C.)

Raleigh Hotel (built as Shepherd Centennial Building) was a historic high-rise office and then hotel building in downtown Washington, D.C., United States. It stood on the northeast corner of 12th Street NW and Pennsylvania Avenue.

## History

The site, on the northeast corner of 12th Street N.W., and Pennsylvania Avenue, was originally occupied by the Fountain Inn, erected in 1815 after the burning of Washington. This structure was razed and in 1847 the four-story Fuller Hotel opened. Renamed the Kirkwood House, it was the residence of Vice President Andrew Johnson; he took the oath of office of the president of the United States there in April 1865 after the assassination of President Abraham Lincoln. Kirkwood House was razed in 1875.
It was replaced with the Shepherd Centennial Building, a seven-story office building in the Second Empire style that opened in 1876. The upper floors were rented by the Pension Office until 1885, as they apparently had to use multiple private office buildings until their new Pension Bureau building was ready. The ground floor on the Pennsylvania Avenue side was rented by the Palais Royal department store from 1877 until 1893, when the building was converted into the Raleigh Hotel under architect Leon E. Dessez.
In 1911, the building was razed and rebuilt by architect Henry Janeway Hardenbergh as a 13-story Beaux Arts hotel with a rusticated brick, white limestone, and terra cotta exterior. Congress changed the height limit for buildings on Pennsylvania Avenue NW from 130 feet (40 m) to 160 feet (49 m) in 1910 in order to accommodate the Raleigh Hotel. In 1936, there was a major interior renovation. Curt Schliffeler managed the hotel from 1936 to 1954. In 1964, the Raleigh was demolished.
The site is now occupied by 1111 Pennsylvania Avenue, an office building.
# Fixation (alchemy)

In alchemy, fixation is a process by which a previously volatile substance is "transformed" into a form (often solid) that is not affected by fire. It separates the substance or object and puts it back in the same or different shape at a subatomic level.
Fixation is sometimes listed as one of the processes required for transformation of a substance, or completion of the alchemical magnum opus.
# Domaljevac-Šamac

Domaljevac-Šamac (Serbian Cyrillic: Домаљевац-Шамац) is a municipality located in Posavina Canton of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, an entity of Bosnia and Herzegovina. As of 2013, the municipality has a population of 4,771 inhabitants, while the village of Domaljevac has a population of 3,295 inhabitants.

## Demographics
### Population

Population of settlements – Domaljevac-Šamac Municipality :
| Settlement | 1971. | 1981. | 1991. | 2013. |
| Total | | | 4,771 | 5,216 |
| Bazik | | | 539 | 493 |
| Bosanski Šamac | | | | 0 |
| Domaljevac | 3,699 | 4,009 | 4,152 | 3,295 |
| Grebnice | | | | 903 |

### Ethnic composition

Ethnic composition – Domaljevac (settlement) :
| | 2013. | 1991. | 1981. | 1971. |
| Total | 3,295 (100,0%) | 4,152 (100,0%) | 4,009 (100,0%) | 3,699 (100,0%) |
| Croats | 3.248 (98,60%) | 4.072 (98,07%) | 3.836 (95,68%) | 3.675 (99,35%) |
| Serbs | 16 (0,50%) | 20 (0,48%) | 17 (0,42%) | 12 (0,32%) |
| Bosniaks | 14 (0,40%) | 7 (0,16%) | | |
| Yugoslavs | | 31 (0,74%) | 98 (2,44%) | 2 (0,05%) |
| Others | 17 (0,50%) | 22 (0,52%) | 58 (1,44%) | 10 (0,27%) |
Ethnic composition – Domaljevac-Šamac Municipality :
| | 2013. | 1991. |
| Total | 5,216 (100,0%) | 4,691 (100,0%) |
| Croats | 4,634 (97,13%) | 4,598 (98,02%) |
| Serbs | 92 (1,928%) | 26 (0,554%) |
| Bosniaks | 17 (0,356%) | 7 (0,149%) |
| Unaffiliated | 12 (0,252%) | |
| Roma | 5 (0,105%) | |
| Yugoslavs | 3 (0,063%) | 35 (0,746%) |
| Unknown | 3 (0,063%) | |
| Others | 3 (0,063%) | 25 (0,533%) |
| Ukrainians | 2 (0,042%) | |

## Sports

The municipality is home to HOK Domaljevac volleyball club.
# Ctenotus pallasotus

Ctenotus pallasotus, the Western Pilbara lined ctenotus, is a species of skink found in Western Australia.
# Mesa shoulderband

The mesa shoulderband, scientific name Helminthoglypta coelata, is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Helminthoglyptidae. This species is endemic to the United States and Baja California del Norte, Mexico.
# Ibrahim Abdrabbou

Ibrahim Abdrabbou (born 24 January 1925) is an Egyptian retired boxer. He competed in the 1952 Summer Olympics.