OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Lien Shih Sheng

Lien Shih Sheng (Chinese: 连士升; 24 May 1907 – 9 July 1973), better known by his penname Ziyun, was a pioneer writer and news editor in Singapore.

## Early life and education

Lien was born in Fu'an, Fujian on 24 May 1907. He first received his education from his father, who was a teacher. At the age of seven, he was enrolled in the school where his father was teaching. However, his father died a year later, and he transferred to another school. After graduating, he began attending a private academy in Fu'an. Following his mother's death, he began attending schools in Xiapu and Fuzhou. He then began attending Yenching University in Beijing, where he majored in economics. After graduating in 1931, he continued to attend the university as a graduate student.

## Career

While in Beijing, Lien began writing for various publications, including Shen Bao. He served as the editor of several publications, including The Chinese Historical Geography Semi-monthly Magazine. He founded Knowledge for the Public with his friend and teacher, folklorist and historian Gu Jiegang. Following the start of the Second Sino-Japanese War in 1937, he left for Hong Kong, where he was employed at various news agencies. He also served as a professor at Lingnan University. In 1942, he left Hong Kong for Trà Vinh, Vietnam, where he was appointed the principal of a Chinese school. While there, he translated a few books on the economic history of France, Germany and England.
Following the end of the war in 1945, he left Vietnam for Nanjing. However, he soon returned to Vietnam due to the high inflation rates in Nanjing. He and his family left for Singapore in 1947, where he became the lead writer of the Chung Nam Daily. In the following year, he was employed at the Nanyang Siang Pau as a correspondent and left for Europe. In the same year, he wrote A trip to my motherland, which recounted his return to China. In 1958, the newspaper began publishing Letters From the Coast, an eight-volume series which was a compilation of letters he had written under the pen name "Ziyun". The book would later become his best known work. In the following year, he was appointed a member of the Public Service Commission, and his biography of Jawaharlal Nehru was published. In 1961, his biography of Rabindranath Tagore was published. In 1963, he was awarded the Meritorious Public Service Award. From 1964 to 1969, he served as the president of the South Seas Society. He left the Public Service Commission in 1966. In 1968, his biography of Mahatma Gandhi was published. In the following year, he became the chief editor of the Nanyang Siang Pau. He retired from this position on 1 October 1971.
He was a member of the Nanyang University Founding Committee and the vice-president of the China Society of Singapore. He had published over twenty books on his travels and his letters.

## Personal life and death

Lien married twice and had one son and five daughters. In 1973, he went on a three-month visit to China. Upon returning to Singapore, he fell ill due to anemia and fatigue from the trip. He died on 9 July 1973, two weeks after he had returned.
# Echo Bay, British Columbia

Echo Bay is an unincorporated settlement located on the west side of Gilford Island in the Broughton Archipelago on the Central Coast of British Columbia, Canada. It is the location of the Simoom Sound post office, which used to be on the nearby Wishart Peninsula facing the sound of the same name.
# Water ride

Water rides are amusement rides that are set over water. For instance, a log flume travels through a channel of water to move along its course.

## Notable types

* AquaLoop
* Bumper boats
* Fishpipe
* FlowRider
* Lazy river
* Log flume
* Old Mill
* River caves
* River rapids ride
* Shoot the Chute
* Tornado
* Tow boat ride
* Water coaster
* Water slide

## Notable examples

* Journey to Atlantis
* Jurassic Park: The Ride
* Jurassic World: The Ride
* Pirates of the Caribbean
* Thunder River
* Tiana's Bayou Adventure
* Timber Mountain Log Ride
* Splash Mountain
* De Vliegende Hollander
# SunTrust Plaza (Nashville)

The SunTrust Plaza is a 13-story building located next to the Ryman Auditorium in Nashville, Tennessee. The building was completed in 2007 and features a Panera Bread restaurant and a fitness center.
# Andrzej Stelmachowski

Andrzej Stanisław Ksawery Stelmachowski (Polish pronunciation:, 28 January 1925, Poznań – 6 April 2009, Warsaw) was a Polish academic and politician.

## Life

Stelmachowski was a member of Armia Krajowa, the Polish resistance during Second World War. A lawyer, professor of University of Wrocław (from 1962) and University of Warsaw (from 1967), he was a Solidarity advisor in 1980 and took part in the Polish Round Table Agreement. He also served as Marshal of the Senate (1989–1991), Minister of Education (1991–1992), and presidential advisor from (2007–2009). In his advisory capacity he suggested doing away with the secrecy of the Union of Solidarity; his idea was to "break away" and "create open structures as much as possible".
Stelmachowski was the founder and then president of Stowarzyszenie "Wspólnota Polska", serving until 11 May 2008.
Stelmachowski died on 6 April 2009. The Polish President Lech Kaczynski expressed his condolences to family and friends as did politicians from across the political spectrum in Poland, representatives of Polish emigrant organizations in Belarus, Lithuania and United States.
# Clutton-Tabenor Easy Too

The Clutton-Tabenor Easy Too (originally the E.C.2) was a small homebuilt aircraft under development in the United Kingdom in the late 1970s. It was intended to be a flying showcase for designer Eric Clutton's adaptation of the Volkswagen air-cooled engine as a geared aero-engine. The lines of the aircraft were influenced by the Percival Mew Gull racer of the 1930s, but it was to have retractable undercarriage. The wings were designed to be folded to allow the aircraft to be towed behind a car.
Work on the prototype was abandoned when Clutton emigrated to the United States and the Easy Too never flew.

## Specifications (as designed)

General characteristics
* Crew: One pilot
* Length: 16 ft 8 in (5.08 m)
* Wingspan: 23 ft 4 in (7.11 m)
* Height: 4 ft 6 in (1.37 m)
* Empty weight: 560 lb (254 kg)
* Gross weight: 800 lb (363 kg)
* Powerplant: 1 × Geared Volkswagen air-cooled engine , 65 hp (50 kW)
Performance
* Cruise speed: 115 mph (185 km/h, 100 kn)
* Range: 400 mi (644 km, 350 nmi)
# Cliff Woodbury

Clifford Ray Woodbury (July 8, 1894 – November 13, 1984) was an American racing driver. Woodbury raced all over the U.S. during one of the most dangerous times in motorsports.
Woodbury was born near Chicago, Illinois. He started his career about 1915 running in state fairs across the Midwest in his Duesenberg, winning purses that sometimes amounted to more than $500. In 1921 and 1922, he worked with Ruth Law Oliver with her barnstorming Flying Circus which paired a race car and bi-plane. The highlight of the show was when a female daredevil would climb a ladder from the Woodbury's race car to the plane while both were racing around the track.
Woodbury was a popular local hero at the motor sports tracks in Chicago and appeared often in The Chicago Tribune with his Fronty Ford. AAA named Woodbury the Dirt Tack Champion of the Nation in 1924, 1925 and 1926.
In 1926, Woodbury joined Mike Boyle's Boyle Valve Racing Team and began his career on board tracks driving supercharged Millers. Woodbury finished third on his first attempt at the Indianapolis 500 in 1926 and set the pole in qualifying in 1929. Woodbury also set the one mile (1.6 km) record at Daytona Beach in 1930 with a run of 180.90 mph (291.13 km/h) Woodbury retired after a severe wreck in Altoona, Pennsylvania in June 1929 which killed the 1929 Indianapolis 500 winner, Ray Keech.
After retirement Woodbury established a successful auto repair business "Woodbury Bros" with his brother Elmer which was based in Chicago. He died in 1984 in Alton, Illinois.

## Motorsports career results
### Indianapolis 500 results

| Year | Car | Start | Qual | Rank | Finish | Laps | Led | Retired |
| 1926 | 36 | 14 | 105.109 | 10 | 3 | 158 | 0 | Flagged |
| 1927 | 15 | 6 | 113.200 | 7 | 19 | 108 | 0 | Supercharger |
| 1928 | 10 | 2 | 120.418 | 2 | 23 | 55 | 0 | Timing gears |
| 1929 | 8 | 1 | 120.599 | 1 | 33 | 3 | 0 | Crash T3 |
| Totals | Totals | Totals | Totals | Totals | Totals | 324 | 0 | |
| Starts | 4 |
| Poles | 1 |
| Front Row | 2 |
| Wins | 0 |
| Top 5 | 1 |
| Top 10 | 1 |
| Retired | 3 |
# Dariusz Stalmach

Dariusz Piotr Stalmach (born 8 December 2005) is a Polish professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for 2. Bundesliga club 1. FC Magdeburg. He is a Poland youth international.

## Club career

In September 2022, he was named by English newspaper The Guardian as one of the best players born in 2005 worldwide.
On 21 August 2022, he moved to Italian Serie A club AC Milan, immediately joining the under-19 roster.
On 17 August 2024, Stalmach made his debut for the newly created AC Milan reserve team Milan Futuro, coming on as a substitute for Mattia Sandri at the 74th minute of a 2–1 Coppa Italia Serie C round of 16 away win against Novara.
On 3 February 2025, Stalmach moved to 2. Bundesliga club 1. FC Magdeburg in Germany, on a permanent transfer.

## Career statistics

    As of match played 1 February 2025
Appearances and goals by club, season and competition :
| Club | Season | League | League | League | National cup | National cup | Continental | Continental | Other | Other | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Górnik Zabrze II | 2021–22 | III liga, gr. I | 11 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 11 | 1 |
| Górnik Zabrze II | 2022–23 | III liga, gr. I | 2 | 0 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 2 | 0 |
| Górnik Zabrze II | Total | Total | 13 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 13 | 1 |
| Górnik Zabrze | 2021–22 | Ekstraklasa | 17 | 0 | 2 | 0 | — | — | — | — | 19 | 0 |
| Górnik Zabrze | 2022–23 | Ekstraklasa | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | — | — | 3 | 0 |
| Górnik Zabrze | Total | Total | 20 | 0 | 2 | 0 | — | — | — | — | 22 | 0 |
| Milan Futuro | 2024–25 | Serie C | 10 | 1 | 2 | 0 | — | — | 0 | 0 | 12 | 1 |
| 1. FC Magdeburg | 2024–25 | 2. Bundesliga | 0 | 0 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 0 | 0 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 43 | 2 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 47 | 2 |

### Notes

* ↑ Includes Polish Cup, Coppa Italia Serie C
# Olga Votavová

Olga Votavová (born 10 July 1966) is a Czech former professional tennis player.
Born in Cheb, Votavová played on the professional tour during the 1980s and reached a best singles ranking of 169 in the world.
Votavová was runner-up at the Swedish Open in 1985, prior to the tournament becoming part of the main tour. Her best performance on the Virginia Slims circuit instead came at the Bregenz in 1986, where she made it to the quarter-finals.

## ITF finals

* Legend
* $25,000 tournaments
* $10,000 tournaments

### Singles: 4 (2–2)

| Result | No. | Date | Tournament | Surface | Opponent | Score |
| Win | 1. | 1 October 1984 | Bol, Yugoslavia | Clay | Jana Novotná | 6–3, 6–2 |
| Loss | 1. | 15 July 1985 | Båstad, Sweden | Clay | Maria Lindström | 6–4, 3–6, 5–7 |
| Loss | 2. | 6 April 1986 | Bari, Italy | Clay | Patricia Tarabini | 0–6, 4–6 |
| Win | 2. | 3 August 1986 | Hechingen, West Germany | Clay | Barbara Pollet | 6–1, 6–2 |

### Doubles: 4 (2–2)

| Result | No. | Date | Tournament | Surface | Partner | Opponents | Score |
| Win | 1. | 25 August 1984 | Rheda-Wiedenbrück, West Germany | Clay | Andrea Holíková | Andrea Tiezzi Isabelle Villaverde | 7–5, 6–4 |
| Loss | 1. | 29 July 1985 | Neumünster, West Germany | Hard | Hana Fukárková | Yvona Brzáková Marie Pinterová | 0–6, 5–7 |
| Win | 2. | 5 August 1985 | Kitzbühel, Austria | Clay | Hana Fukárková | Nora Bajčíková Petra Tesarová | 7–5, 6–3 |
| Loss | 2. | 11 April 1988 | Caserta, Italy | Clay | Hellas ter Riet | Jennifer Fuchs Maria Strandlund | 6–2, 3–6, 1–6 |
# Billie-Jo Smith

Billie-Jo Smith (born 1999) is an English professional golfer and Ladies European Tour player. She was LET Access Series Players Player of the Year in 2024.

## Early life and amateur career

Smith was born and raised in Mansfield, in Nottinghamshire, and was introduced to golf by her grandparents when she was four. She didn't follow the usual collegiate pathway and instead was educated at Tournament Golf College (TGC) before earning a master's degree at the University of Derby, where she is also pursuing a PhD.
In 2021, Smith was runner-up at the Welsh Women's Open Stroke Play Championship, behind Lottie Woad.

## Professional career

Smith turned professional in 2022 and joined the Ladies European Tour (LET) after earning status at Q-School. Her best finish in her rookie season was a tie for 27th at the Jabra Ladies Open in France.
She sat out most of the 2023 season due to injury, and on her return won a Rose Ladies Series event in early 2024.
In 2024, she joined the LET Access Series where she finished third in the Order of Merit behind Kajsa Arwefjäll and Helen Briem, to graduate to the LET.
Smith lost the final three events of the season in three consecutive playoffs. She was voted the inaugural Players Player of the Year.

## Professional wins (1)
### Other wins (1)

* 2024 Rose Ladies Series – Formby Ladies

## Playoff record

LET Access Series playoff record (0–3)
| No. | Year | Tournament | Opponent(s) | Result |
| 1 | 2024 | Hauts de France – Pas de Calais Golf Open | Anaïs Maggetti Kelsey Bennett | Bennett won with birdie on first extra hole |
| 2 | 2024 | Lavaux Ladies Open | Mimi Rhodes | Lost to birdie on third extra hole |
| 3 | 2024 | Calatayud Ladies Open | Ellie Gower | Lost to birdie on first extra hole |
# Water Polo Australia

Water Polo Australia (WPA) is the national governing body for Water Polo in Australia, headquartered in Sydney. WPA in its current form was formed in 1982, when it broke away from the Amateur Swimming Union of Australia (now Swimming Australia) to become the Australian Amateur Water Polo Association (AAWPA). Prior to that time, water polo was administered by a sub-committee of the ASUA. In January 1990 the AAWPA changed its name to 'Water Polo Australia Incorporated'.
Water Polo Australia oversees the men's, women's, and youth national teams in Australia, the national coaching programs, and the seven state governing bodies of the sport. It also conducts the Australian Water Polo League, the country's premier national Water Polo competition, and holds annual national junior club and interstate representative championships.
WPA is governed by a national conference of representatives from all states and territories, which elect six Directors to the WPA Board. Water polo is one of a small number of truly national sports in Australia, with the game being played by both men and women across every state.

## History

Behind Great Britain, Australia was the second nation in the world to play the game of water polo. The first known Australian match occurred at St. Kilda Baths, Melbourne on 3 March 1879 and was demonstrated by Professor Fred Cavill, who had only just emigrated from England. Australian men's teams have competed at every Olympic Games Water Polo Tournament since 1948, excepting 1968 (controversially not nominated by the AOC) and 1996 (did not qualify). Australia's women's team, the Aussie Stingers, were the inaugural Olympic gold medallists at the first Women's Olympic Games Water Polo Tournament in Sydney (2000), and have since won two Olympic bronze medals at Beijing (2008) and London (2012).
The first history of the sport in Australia was launched in February 2009, under the title 'Water Warriors: Chronicle of Australian Water Polo', by Dr. Tracy Rockwell. The 592-page publication features over 1,300 images and is an in-depth reference on water polo in Australia from its first match in 1879 to the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games. An updated edition is being planned.

## Administration

Water Polo in Australia uses a federated model of national, states and territory governing bodies. A number of local associations and regional zones exist within the states and territories to support the sport's growth and development throughout Australia. Alongside WPA, seven state and territory bodies oversee the conduct of their relevant local and state level competition. They are:
* Water Polo New South Wales
* Water Polo Queensland
* Water Polo Victoria
* Water Polo ACT
* Water Polo South Australia
* Water Polo Western Australia
* Water Polo Tasmania.

## Competitions

Water Polo Australia organises and oversees a number of competitions, with state-based competitions organised by the respective state governing authorities.
* Australian Water Polo League
* Australian Youth Water Polo Championships
* National State Championships
* WPA Country Championships
* U13 National Development Carnival
# Sylvester Sim

Sylvester Sim (born 19 January 1983) is a Singaporean singer.

## Life and career

Sim contested in the first Singapore Idol talent contest in 2004 was placed second place behind Taufik Batisah. He is also known as Sly. He used to be part of the J-rock band L'zefier.

### Sim v Lim (scheduled muay thai fight)

On 31 July 2017, it was announced that Sim will be fighting prominent local celebrity Steven Lim in a muay thai "celebrity bout". The fight was supposed to be held on 23 September 2017 at the inaugural Asia Fighting Championship event in Singapore.
However, one day before the actual fight, Sim reportedly dropped out of the fight due to "insufficient insurance coverage provided by the organisers and restrictions on increased coverage as stipulated by the insurance companies." According to Sim's management agency, "this decision was made after careful considerations of the potential risks involved and ensuring Sylvester’s safety and well-being is of paramount importance." However, many locals believed that Sim pulled out as Lim, through a series of posts on social media, demonstrated that he was training for the fight seriously. As such, the fight, informally dubbed Sim-Lim in the Square (after local landmark Sim Lim Square), never took place. Lim later revealed Sim pulled out due to a lack of insurance coverage and was reported by The Straits Times, a local newspaper, that Sim had pulled out due to insurance coverage.
Sim was replaced by Pradip Subramanian, the President of the World Bodybuilding and Physique Sports Federation in Singapore. During the match, Subramanian took a "few blows to the head" and lost to Lim via a technical knockout. Subramanian lost consciousness shortly after and died from a cardiac arrest respiratory failure. It was reported that there were people who blamed Sim's "last-minute pull-out", suggesting that Sim's action was a cause of Subramanian's death, but "there were many others who disagreed with this opinion". Lim was declared the winner.

## Personal life

Sim married Sisy Wang, a dance choreographer from China, at Singapore Recreation Centre on 7 August 2012. They later had a daughter, Naomi Sim, who was born in 2016.

## Discography

* Qi Fei (Take Flight) (April 2005)
* "New Hope" (January 2016)

## Filmography
### Film

| Year | Title | Role | Ref |
| 2013 | Everybody's Business | English music video artiste | Special appearance |
# Battle of Mangal

The Battle of Mangal was fought between the Sikh forces led by Hari Singh Nalwa and the Jadoon, Tanaoli and Swati tribes led by Mahomed Khan, Bostan Khan and Najeebullah Swati.

## Background and Battle

Maharaja Ranjit Singh deployed Hari Singh Nalwa. He marched by Muzaffarabad and Pakhli with 7,000 foot soldiers under his command. When he reached Mangal, around 25,000 Pashtun and Hazara troops and their leader, Mohammad Khan Tarain, who opposed the Sikh's passage, attacked the Sikhs. Despite being outnumbered, the Sikhs defeated their opponents with a loss of 2,000 men.

## Aftermath

The Jaduns to save their town paid down a fine of 5 and a half rupees per house to the Sikhs. Hari Singh Nalwa then built a fort at Nawanshahr. The Maharaja, partly pleased with the treasures and partly to reward his lieutenant for the victory, made Hari Singh Nalwa the governor of the entirety of Hazara.
# Dui Poisar Alta

Dui Poishar Alta (Bengali: দুই পয়সার আলতা; English: Cheap Alta) is a 1982 Bangladeshi film starring Razzak and Shabana opposite him. She garnered Bangladesh National Film Award for Best Actress for her performance in the film. It also stars Nuton and Anwara.

## Cast

* Shabana
* Razzak
* Nuton
* Anwara
* Prabir Mitra

## Track listing

* "Ei Duniya Ekhon To Aar" - Mitali Mukherjee
* "Ami Hobo Por" - Runa Laila
* "Eto Beshi Bolis Na" - Runa Laila
* "Kiba Jadu Jano" - Aladdin Ali
* "Emonoto Prem Hoy" - Syed Abdul Hadi

## Awards
### Bangladesh National Film Awards

* Best Actress - Shabana
* Best Female Playback Singer - Mitali Mukherjee
* Best Editing - Awkat Hossain
* Best Cinematographer - Rafiqul Bari Chowdhury
# Dureford Abbey

51°00′14″N 0°53′31″W﻿ / ﻿51.004°N 0.892°W﻿ / 51.004; -0.892
Dureford Abbey, in Sussex, England, was a Premonstratensian monastery. It was founded by Henry Hussey, who in 1161 granted land to the abbot of Welbeck Abbey, to establish the new community near Rogate, Sussex.

## History

The founder and other local landowners granted much additional land in the area to the abbey and the unlimited use of a quarry from which to construct the monastic buildings.
In 1317, the abbot complained that the abbey had been robbed. A royal visit by the King in 1324 put a further strain on the finances, as did repeated incidents of theft and malicious damage, which left the community reportedly poverty stricken by 1335.
The next century was the same; in 1417, the tower of Abbey Church was struck by lightning and collapsed. Further, an abbot was forcibly ejected from his position by canons from Dureford and from Bayham Abbey. He apparently left in fear for his life, and additionally, the canons of Bayham stole £400 worth of goods, including vestments.
In 1444, abbot Stephen Mersey was deposed for neglecting the monastery buildings and for plunging the abbey into debt.
On three occasions in the 1450s, the abbey was invaded by Sir Henry Hussey (a patron of the monastery and descendant of the founder), who came with an armed band and threatened to burn the monetary and kill the abbot. As it was, he murdered one of the abbey servants.
By 1482, the abbey debts had been wiped out. Unfortunately, so had most of the community, who had died in an outbreak of the plague or black death. There were further burnings of the buildings, resulting in more debt, and the cloister was reportedly in a ruinous state. In 1497, the canons were criticised for being lax in their duties and for leaving the monastery grounds.
By 1535, the monetary system was dilapidated and in considerable debt and was referred to mockingly as 'Dirtforde' by Richard Layton, one of the king's officials, who visited it. That same year, the abbey's income was assessed in the Valor Ecclesiasticus, Henry VIII's great survey of church finances, at £108 13s. 9d, which meant the following year that it came under the terms of the first Suppression Act, Henry's initial move in the society. In 1536 the abbey was closed by the king, and the site was granted to Sir William Fitzwilliam. The last abbot, John Sympson, was appointed head of Titchfield Abbey in Hampshire but resigned in less than a year. He was later given the living of Horsted Keynes.

## Post Dissolution

A farmhouse built in 1784 now occupies the site, and fragments of carved stone and a coffin lid are among the few visible remnants. The only surviving building is that of a medieval barn, and there are some fragmentary remains of a watermill nearby.