OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Sumedha Perera

Major General A. K. Sumedha Perera, WWV, RWP, RSP, USP is a retired Sri Lankan general. He is the Permanent Secretary to the Ministry of Mahaweli, Agriculture, Irrigation and Rural Development; and former Deputy Chief of Staff of the Sri Lanka Army.
Perera received his basic officer training at the Officer Training School, Madras and at the Sri Lanka Military Academy. He was commissioned as a Second Lieutenant in the Rajarata Rifles in 1981. He was transferred to the Gajaba Regiment in 1983, when the Rajarata Rifles was disbanded following a mutiny and the Gajaba Regiment was formed from the remaining personnel. With the escalation of the Sri Lankan Civil War, Perera took part in many offensive operations with the Gajaba Regiment including the Vadamarachchi Operation. He was wounded in action in 1984 and was awarded the Desha Putra Sammanaya. His awards include the gallantry medals Weera Wickrama Vibhushanaya, Rana Wickrama Padakkama with two claps, Rana Sura Padakkama with three claps and the Uttama Seva Padakkama. He had attended the Junior Command Course and the Senior Command Course at the Army War College, Mhow; Basic Parachute Course at the Indian Army's Parachute Training School, Agra; Mid-Career Course in Pakistan; Disaster Management Seminar - Pacific Command; and graduated from the PLA National Defence University.
His staff appointments include, Adjutant, Kothalawala Defence Academy, Colonel General Staff of Overall Operational Command - Colombo and served as the Military Spokesman, Ministry of Defence and Director Media, Army Headquarters. He served as Commandant of the Army Training School and the Infantry Training Centre. He was one first officers of the Air Mobile Brigade and served as the brigade commander of the 533 Infantry Brigade. He was the Colonel of the Regiment Gajaba Regiment and the Regiment Special Forces, Commander Security Force Headquarters - West, Director General General Staff, Army Headquarters and Commander Security Force Headquarters – Central. He was appointed Deputy Chief of Staff of the Army in February 2016 and served till his retirement. He is married to Himashinie Perera and has a daughter and a son. In January 2020, Major General Sumedha Perera was tipped to be appointed as Chief of the Defence Staff, but was instead appointed Permanent Secretary to the Ministry of Mahaweli, Agriculture, Irrigation and Rural Development by President Gotabaya Rajapaksa.
# Armidale Airport

Armidale Regional Airport (IATA: ARM, ICAO: YARM) is an airport serving Armidale, a city in the Australian state of New South Wales. It is located 2 nautical miles (3.7 km; 2.3 mi) southwest of the town centre, on the New England Highway. The airport is operated by the Armidale Regional Council.

## Facilities

The airport resides at an elevation of 3,556 ft (1,084 m) above mean sea level. It has two runways: 05/23 with an asphalt surface measuring 1,738 m × 30 m (5,702 ft × 98 ft) and 09/27 with a grassed gravel surface measuring 1,116 m × 30 m (3,661 ft × 98 ft).

## Airlines and destinations

| Airlines | Destinations |
| Link Airways | Brisbane |
| QantasLink | Sydney |

### Previous airlines

A Tamworth–Armidale–Brisbane route was served by QantasLink until 2002, when the service was taken over by MacAir Airlines until January 2003, after which time it was operated by Sunshine Express Airlines before the company ceased scheduled flying in 2006. Brindabella Airlines commenced Armidale-Brisbane flights in August 2011 using Metro III turboprop aircraft; however, this service was discontinued in June 2012. The decision to withdraw from Armidale and Albury made national headlines as it was widely reported the airline's reasons included an expected increase in operating costs due to the implementation of the controversial Carbon pricing scheme by the Gillard government set to become effective the following month.
Rex Airlines flew from Sydney to Armidale between 2014 and 2023, when services were terminated, giving Qantas a monopoly on the route again.

## Airport upgrade

The Armidale Regional Council has a number of upgrades to the airport currently in progress, with much of the funding for the works promised by Member for New England Barnaby Joyce during the 2013 Australian federal election campaign. Previously the council had unsuccessfully submitted a proposal to the Regional Development Australia Fund in 2012 for $2.45 million in funding to allow upgrades to the airport terminal, security screening and apron areas, as well as resurfacing the runway, construction of a parallel taxiway and upgrading the airport's lighting. When complete the works will increase capacity, allowing the airport to handle 70 seat aircraft such as the Bombardier Q400 operated by QantasLink and potentially attract new airlines such as Virgin Australia, operating ATR 72 type aircraft through its regional subsidiaries.

## Statistics

Armidale Airport was ranked 45th in Australia for the number of revenue passengers served in financial year 2012–2013.
# Michael Nolan (MP)

Michael Nolan (died 1827) was an Irish barrister and judge, known as a politician and legal author.

## Life

Born in Ireland, Nolan was admitted an attorney of the Irish Court of Exchequer about 1787, and was called to the English bar at Lincoln's Inn in 1792. He practised as a special pleader on the home circuit and at the Surrey sessions, gained experience of the details of the Poor Laws.
Elected as Member of Parliament for Barnstaple in 1820, Nolan introduced the Poor Law Reform Bills of 1822–3–4. In 1823 he asked for appointment as Puisne Justice of Chester, losing out to Thomas Jervis. He left parliament in March 1824, on being appointed justice of the counties of Brecon, Glamorgan, and Radnor, and died in 1827.

## Works

In 1793 Nolan published Reports of Cases relative to the Duty and Office of a Justice of Peace from 1791 to 1793, London. He edited the Reports of Sir John Strange, London, 1795, 2 vols., and was one of the editors of the ‘Supplement’ to Charles Viner's Abridgment, London, 1799–1806, 6 vols.
Nolan's A Treatise of the Laws for the Relief and Settlement of the Poor, (London, 1805, 2 vols.; 4th edit. in 1825, 3 vols.) made his reputation in the legal world. He published also:
* A Syllabus of Lectures intended to be delivered in Pursuance of an Order of the Hon. Soc. of Lincoln's Inn in their Hall, London, 1796; and
* Speech … delivered in the House of Commons, Wednesday, July 10, 1822, on moving for leave to bring in a Bill to alter and amend the Laws for the Relief of the Poor, London, 1822.
# Mere, Cheshire

Mere is a civil parish and linear village along the old course of the A556 road in the unitary authority of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, North West England, about 7 km (4.3 mi) south-west of Altrincham. Bucklow Hill is at its northeast end, and the Mere crossroads is at the southwest end. The village of Mere is about a mile long and has a varied stock of housing. Most houses are large and have ample gardens leading down to the lake; these are along the inner sides of a triangle formed by the A556, A50 and A5034 roads. Inside the triangle is a lake after which Mere was named, and a golf and country club.

## Geography

The village of Mere has three hotels (The Swan, The Mere Resort and Spa (formerly known as Mere Golf and Country Club) and Mere Court Hotel), a filling station (Orchard Service Station), and two car dealers (Bucklow Hill Garage and Parkside Cars). At Hoo Green (about a kilometre west of Mere) is a hotel called The Kilton, and a post office which also functions as a newsagent and grocer. Knutsford and Altrincham are the nearest towns where a broader range of shops can be found. The Parish Club has facilities for bowling, cricket and snooker. The Mere Golf and Country Club (renamed The Mere Resort and Spa, or known just as The Mere, underwent large development plans which has seen the moving of the members area and pro shop, to accommodate the new hotel rooms) contains some of the top golf players of Cheshire, and houses a fairly competent league 2 tennis team.

## Transport

Motor traffic was a considerable problem for many years with approximately 60,000 cars traveling through Mere each day. The A556 bypass opened in 2017, drastically reducing traffic problems and transforming the local roads

## Notable buildings

There are two halls in Mere: Mere Old Hall dates from the Regency period and has some decorative features in that style. Mere New Hall was built in 1834 and the architect used the style of the Elizabethan period. It is a brick-built mansion consisting of a medium-sized central block and a long L-shaped wing on one side. The central portion is symmetrical at the rear and has a porte-cochère at the front. The interiors are also in the Elizabethan style.
# Andrew Balfour of Montquhanie

Andrew Balfour of Montquhanie (died 1615) was a Scottish landowner.

## Career

He was a son of Michael Balfour of Montquhanie and Mariota Adamson, a daughter of Patrick Adamson, Archbishop of St Andrews. Michael Balfour took some of jewels of Mary, Queen of Scots from William Kirkcaldy of Grange as a pledge for a loan. He surrendered nine great rubies and fourteen great pearls to the English commander William Drury at Leith after the "lang siege" of Edinburgh Castle in 1573. Unlike the other supporters of Mary who made similar loans to Grange, Michael Balfour charged him interest.
Andrew Balfour's home was at Montquhanie or Montquhany in Kilmany in Fife, Scotland, near Craill. The family also had a house on Market Street in St Andrews. He also inherited lands in Orkney from his father, which were held from the Earl of Orkney as feudal landlord. In his father's lifetime, he was known as Andrew Balfour of Strathure and Franktenementer of Montquhanie.
Andrew Balfour was knighted in August 1594 at the baptism of Prince Henry at Stirling Castle.
His father inherited Noltland Castle and its lands in 1588 from Archibald Balfour of Westray and transferred the property to his son in 1590. The castle had been built by Gilbert Balfour. Andrew Balfour added a stone with his arms and initials "AB", dated 1597, to Montquhanie Castle.
In 1597, in his father's lifetime, Andrew Balfour was the feuar of the Orkney lands on Westray and Faray. Balfour complained to the Privy Council that Patrick Stewart, 2nd Earl of Orkney had menaced his tenants on Westray, and insisted they should not recognise Balfour's jurisdiction and courts. The Earl induced John Dischingtoun, Commissariat of Orkney, to fine his father, Michael Balfour, and subsequently confiscated his goods on the Mains of Westray at Noltland.
The Balfours had right of "wrack and wraith" on the coast which allowed them to profit from beached whales. The Earl of Orkney had taken 29 beached whales worth £3000 Scots which Andrew Balfour considered were his. In November 1597 the Earl's men took the cereal crops from the cornyards of Westray and Papa Westray, and in the spring took the livestock from the Mains of Noltland. In November 1598 the Earl's brother, William Stewart, besieged Michael Balfour in the house of George Balfour, Prior of the Charterhouse of Perth, on Westray.
He died in 1615.

## Marriage

Andrew Balfour married Margaret or Mary Melville, a daughter of James Melville of Halhill and Christian Boswell, a daughter of David Boswell of Balmuto.
# William Hancock (judge)

Judge William Hancock may refer to William Hancock Sr., or his son William Hancock Jr.

## William Hancock Sr.

* William H. Hancock was a Justice of the Peace for the County of Salem in 1727, and a member of the colonial legislature.
* He commissioned Hancock House (Lower Alloways Creek Township, New Jersey) in 1734.
* The house was erected in 1734 for William Hancock and his wife Sarah, whose initials are woven into the gable on the west end.
| | H | |
| W | | S |
| 1734 |||
* Died 1762

## William Hancock Jr.

* When William Sr. died in 1762, the house passed to his son William, who also succeeded his father in the legislature and as a Judge of the County Court of Pleas in Salem County.
* He presided over the King's Court at the Salem County Courthouse.
* He died as a result of wounds received on the night of March 21, 1778, in the Hancock's Bridge massacre.
# Three Nationwide Plaza

Three Nationwide Plaza is a 408 ft (124 m) postmodern highrise building located at the address 3 Nationwide Plaza in Downtown Columbus, Ohio. The building is part of the larger multi-building complex known as Nationwide Plaza. Nationwide Plaza is the headquarters of Nationwide Mutual Insurance Company. Three Nationwide Plaza is the 10th tallest building in Columbus. Construction on the building finished in December 1988. The architect responsible was the NBBJ Group and the building design follows a postmodern style. The building was constructed for approximately $89 million and the main materials used were glass, steel, and precast concrete panels.
The buildings that make up Nationwide Plaza are:
* One Nationwide Plaza, completed in 1977
* 280 Plaza (also known as Two Nationwide), completed in 1981
* Three Nationwide Plaza, completed in 1988
* Four Nationwide Plaza, completed in 2000
# The Conscription of Troops

"The Conscription of Troops" (German: "Die Truppenaushebung") is a short story by Franz Kafka. It details the process of organizing troops for combat. First, every citizen reports to their homes, then the chief inspects each residence to ensure that every member of the house is at home and that the people who are fit for service are registered. Then a young woman from another town goes to a house, dressed up in order to be noticed by the chief. She is apparently looking for a suitor. However, he pays no attention to her and later she is struck by one of his soldiers. The narrator states no one from other towns, and especially no woman, is to be conscripted.
# Rune Berger

Rune Berger (formerly known as Rune Johansen; born 1 April 1978) is a Norwegian footballer who has played for Tromsø, Aalesund and Alta. While at Tromsø he spent a period on loan with Bristol Rovers in England in late 2000. This was his best season as he scored 8 goals in 14 Norwegian Premier League appearances.
After retiring as a player, he became a coach with Alta IF. He advanced from assistant coach to head coach ahead of the 2011 season.
# Newell Custom Writing Instruments

Newell Custom Writing Instruments (formerly Sanford Business-to-Business, abbreviated Sanford B2B) is an American manufacturing company of stationery products. It is a division of Newell Brands, producing writing implements, in its plant of Atlanta, Georgia.
Brands currently commercialized by the company are Sharpie, Paper Mate, Expo, Parker, and Waterman.
The company operates worldwide, with locations in Australia, Canada, Colombia, Germany, Mexico, France, the United Kingdom, United States and Venezuela.

## History

The company was founded in 1857 by Frederick W. Redington and William H. Sanford, Jr. in Massachusetts as the "Sanford Manufacturing Company". The company moved to Chicago in 1866, five years before the Great Chicago Fire destroyed Sanford's Chicago location. New facilities were soon built after the devastation of the fire, and operations resumed. In 1947, following World War II, the Sanford Ink Company was forced to move locations to make room for a new expressway. The company settled in Bellwood, Illinois, where it still maintains a facility. In August 1985, Sanford became a public company. On February 14, 1992, Sanford was acquired by the Newell Company (now called Newell Brands, a Fortune 500 company).
In August 1976, the company launched the first Expo dry erase marker. In November 1986, the company launched a new marker named Expo II. It featured an alcohol-based ink instead of methyl isobutyl ketone. Sanford discontinued the Expo 2 in the 2010s and changed this line to the alcohol-based ink.
Business grew through many acquisitions. Newell already owned Keene Office Products and Rogers Office Products, acquired in 1991. In 1994 they acquired Eberhard Faber, in 1995 Berol and Phillips, and in 1998 Rotring, a German technical drawing instruments company. Also in 1998, Sanford split into two divisions: Sanford North America and Sanford International. In 1999 Rubbermaid, Little Tikes, Graco, and Curver were acquired and the company changed its name to "Newell Rubbermaid".
In 2000, Gillette (now part of Procter & Gamble) sold its writing instruments division to Newell Rubbermaid, whose own stationery division, Sanford, became Sanford, L.P. (later renamed "Newell Rubbermaid Office Products"). Gillette had acquired Parker Pens in 1993 and had already owned the Paper Mate brand, as well as Waterman and Liquid Paper.
In 2019, Sanford B2B changed its name to "Newell Custom Writing Instruments".

## Products

Newell Custom manufactures a large variety of products through its brands, those include:
| Brand | Products |
| Sharpie | Markers, highlighters |
| Paper Mate | Ballpoint pens, gel pens, markers |
| Expo | Markers |
| Parker | Fountain pens, ballpoint pens, fountain pen inks |
| Waterman | Fountain pens |

## Former brands

The following brands were part of the Sanford Company, then taken over by Newell Brands:
* Berol
* CardScan
* Dymo
* Liquid Paper
* Mimio
* Mr. Sketch
* Pelouze
* Prismacolor
* Reynolds
* Rolodex
* Rotring
* Laurentien
# Stenalia testacea

Stenalia testacea is a species of tumbling flower beetles in the family Mordellidae.
# Kaind

Kaind is a small village about 14 kilometers south of Ludhiana, Punjab, India. It is located on Malerkotla road, a community of about 1000 residents.
Many of its former residents now reside in United States, Canada, UK, Australia And Europe . The main surname is "Pannu" and others include "Sandhu","Sidhu","Dhillon", "Grewal" And."Bangar". About 9 families live in or around Bay Area CA. There are a number of Pannu families in both Surrey, British Columbia and Brampton, Ontario.
# Jarle Pedersen

Jarle Pedersen (born 15 June 1955) is a retired Norwegian speed skater and the retired coach of the Norwegian speed skating team. He is from Kåfjord in Alta Municipality in Finnmark county, but now resides in Bjørnafjorden Municipality to the south of Bergen.
Pedersen competed in the 1980 Winter Olympics in Lake Placid and finished 6th on the 500 m. On 25 November 2009 he became the head coach of the Norwegian Speed skating team following Peter Mueller. Johann Olav Koss became his assistant. He has been a speed skating coach in the local team Fana IL. In Fana he was the coach for his son Sverre Lunde Pedersen. They are being reunited on the national team since the son joined the team before the 2009/2010 winter season. Pedersen is educated as a Physical therapist and had that role in the Norwegian Olympic team under the 1998 Winter Olympics in Nagano.
# Sumeta Afzal Syed

Sumeta Afzal Syed is a Pakistani politician who had been a Member of the Provincial Assembly of Sindh, from June 2013 to May 2018. She became the youngest female MPA at the age of 25 years in Sindh Assembly.

## Early life and education

She was born on 1 April 1987 in Karachi.
She has earned the degree of Bachelor of Arts and Social Sciences and Humanities (Major: Psychology, Minor: Special Education).
She did her Masters in Social Work from University of Houston.

## Political career

She was elected to the Provincial Assembly of Sindh as a candidate of Muttahida Qaumi Movement (MQM) on a reserved seat for women in 2013 Pakistani general election.
She quit MQM in April 2018 and joined Pak Sarzameen Party.
She joined Pakistan People's Party in March 2021 and from then she is Advisor Sustainable Development Goals Task Force, Sindh till August 2023.
On 13 May 2024, the Election Commission of Pakistan (ECP) suspended her membership as a member of the Provincial Assembly of the Sindh. This action followed a Supreme Court of Pakistan decision to suspend the verdict of the Peshawar High Court, which had denied the allocation of a reserved seat to the PTI-Sunni Ittehad Council bloc.
# Dobrica Matković

Dobrica Matković (Serbian Cyrillic: Добрица Матковић; 29 November 1887 – 9 October 1973) was a Serbian veteran of the World War I and a politician. Appointed as head of the Department for State Protection in 1929, he served as governor of the Danube Banovina between 1933 and 1935, and governor of the Morava Banovina between 1935 and 1936.
Born in Gornji Milanovac, Kingdom of Serbia, Matković served in the Serbian army during World War I. He retreated through Albania with the army. Matković became the veliki župan (head) of Bregalnica County in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia. He ordered and oversaw the massacre of 28-29 male inhabitants by Yugoslav regular troops in the village of Garvan in 3 March 1923. Historian Yves Tomic estimated the number of casualties as 53. The massacre was done in retaliation to an attack by the Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization against the Serbian colony of Kadrifakovo (resulting in 23-26 casualties and 15 wounded people) or the killing of 2 Yugoslav soldiers in Garvan.
He died long after the end of the wars and was buried in Savinac.
# Variimorda quomoi

Variimorda quomoi is a species of tumbling flower beetle in the family Mordellidae.
# Tower 55

Tower 55 (formerly the Market Post Tower; also known as the Gold Building or simply 55 South Market) is a 15-story building at the corner of South Market Street and Post Street in downtown San Jose, California. Built in 1985 as the Market Post Tower, it was designed to provide a mix of office and retail space. When first built, the building was controversial due to its gold-colored glass exterior, which produced high light and heat reflection. In its early years, the owners struggled financially with the property and were forced to put it up for sale in 1987. While the intended tenants did not materialize, the building proved popular with telecom carriers as an Internet exchange center, with MAE-West on the 13th floor, one of the oldest and most well known Internet exchanges. Many carriers maintain collocation space in the building to support their interconnections through MAE-West (so-called "public peering") as well as direct interconnections ("private peering").
Tower 55 remains mixed-use, comprising office, telecom, and retail space, but it is perhaps most well known for its use by internet network service, peering, and colocation providers. The building was purchased in 2000 by The Carlyle Group, which further enhanced the building's network infrastructure, and now advertises it as a "multi-tenant carrier neutral telecom facility." CoreSite, a Denver-based wholesale provider of data centers, colocation and peering, currently handles tenant leases within the building.
San Jose's first public nude sculpture was located at the Market Post Building, but this was removed during building renovations in 2012. The federal Internal Revenue Service (IRS) occupies one entire floor of the building as a regional office.
In 2013, Market Post Tower was renovated and renamed Tower 55.
# Rasbora lacrimula

Rasbora lacrimula is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Rasbora from Borneo.
# Skipton Rural District

Skipton was a rural district in the West Riding of Yorkshire from 1894 to 1974. It was named after Skipton, which constituted an urban district on its southern border.
The district was expanded in 1937 by taking in the parishes of Steeton with Eastburn and Sutton from the disbanded Keighley Rural District.
It was abolished in 1974, under the Local Government Act 1972, and was split three ways. The parishes of Addingham, Kildwick and Steeton with Eastburn went to the Metropolitan Borough of Bradford in West Yorkshire; the parishes of Bracewell, Brogden and Salterforth became part of the Pendle district of Lancashire, with the rest going to the Craven district of North Yorkshire.