# List of conflicts between Romans and Persians

The following is a list of wars fought between Romans and Persians.
    Roman/Byzantine victory
    Parthian/Sasanian victory
    Inconclusive
| Date | War | Belligerents | Belligerents | Result | Notes |
| 53 BCE | Battle of Carrhae | Roman Empire | Parthian Empire | Parthian victory | Beginning of the Roman–Persian Wars |
| 40–38 BCE | Pompeian–Parthian invasion | Roman Empire | Parthian Empire | Roman victory | Status quo ante bellum Beginning of Antony's Atropatene campaign |
| 36-20 BCE | Antony's Atropatene campaign | Roman Empire | Parthian Empire | Parthian victory | Status quo ante bellum Beginning of Antony's campaign against Armenia |
| 58–63 CE | Roman–Parthian War | Roman Empire | Parthian Empire | Inconclusive | Treaty of Rhandeia |
| 115–117 CE | Trajan's Parthian campaign | Roman Empire | Parthian Empire | Roman victory | Romans annex Mesopotamia |
| 161–166 CE | Roman–Parthian War | Roman Empire | Parthian Empire | Roman victory | Arsacids re–establish themselves on the Armenian throne as Roman clients Ctesiphon and Seleucia sacked Rome has minor acquisitions in Mesopotamia |
| 198 CE | Battle of Ctesiphon | Roman Empire | Parthian Empire | Roman victory | Sack of Ctesiphon |
| 216–217 CE | Parthian war of Caracalla | Roman Empire | Parthian Empire | Parthian victory | Status quo ante bellum Romans are forced to pay tribute |
| 232 CE | Sassanid campaign of Severus Alexander | Roman Empire | Sasanian Empire | Inconclusive | Severus claimed victory |
| 229–241 CE | Mesopotamian campaigns of Ardashir I | Roman Empire | Sasanian Empire | Inconclusive | Both sides make territorial gains |
| 243 CE | Battle of Resaena | Roman Empire | Sasanian Empire | Roman victory | Romans recover Nisibis and Singara |
| 244 CE | Battle of Misiche | Roman Empire | Sasanian Empire | Sasanian victory | Philip the Arab pays 500,000 denarii to the Sasanian Empire and cedes Armenia and Mesopotamia Death of Gordian III |
| 252–260 CE | Second campaign of Shapur I against Rome | Roman Empire | Sasanian Empire | Sasanian victory | Sasanian Empire capture Nisibis, Antioch and Edessa |
| 363 CE | Julian's Persian expedition | Roman Empire | Sasanian Empire | Sasanian victory | Sasanians annex five regions and fifteen major fortresses from the Roman Empire along with the consequent annexation of Armenia |
| 367–371 CE | Shapur II's 2nd Armenian campaign | Roman Empire | Sasanian Empire | Roman victory | Persians depose Arshak II of Armenia Armenia is put under Roman suzerainty through Pap of Armenia entronization. |
| 371 CE | Battle of Bagavan | Roman Empire | Sasanian Empire | Roman victory | Seven Years Truce |
| 378–386 CE | Shapur III's Armenian Campaign | Roman Empire | Sasanian Empire | Inconclusive | Peace of Acilisene |
| 421–422 CE | Byzantine-Sasanian War | Byzantine Empire | Sasanian Empire | Byzantine victory | Status quo ante bellum The Sassanids stop persecuting Christians on their territory |
| 440 CE | Byzantine–Sasanian War | Byzantine Empire | Sasanian Empire | Inconclusive | Status quo ante bellum Both empires agree to battle northern nomads (Scythians) |
| 502–506 CE | Anastasian War | Byzantine Empire | Sasanian Empire | Inconclusive | Status quo ante bellum Although Byzantium pays a very small amount of money, the Sassanians are forced to retreat without achieving their goals of the war. The tribute that the Persian king wanted to receive from the Romans was not paid. The Byzantine Empire creates a new line of fortifications contrary to the Treaty of 422 |
| 526–532 CE | Iberian War | Byzantine Empire | Sasanian Empire | Inconclusive | Sasanians retained Iberia, Byzantines retained Lazica |
| 541–562 CE | Lazic War | Byzantine Empire | Sasanian Empire | Sasanian victory | Fifty–Year Peace Treaty |
| 572–591 CE | Byzantine–Sasanian War of 572–591 | Byzantine Empire | Sasanian Empire | Byzantine victory | Khosrow II is restored to the Sasanian throne, Byzantine Empire gets most of Persian Armenia and the western half of Iberia |
| 602–628 CE | Byzantine–Sasanian War of 602–628 | Byzantine Empire | Sasanian Empire | Byzantine victory | Status quo ante bellum Political and economic crisis of the Sassanids Beginning of the Arab conquests The Sassanian Empire pays for all the damage |