OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Harivansh Rai Bachchan

Harivansh Rai Bachchan (né Srivastava; 27 November 1907 – 18 January 2003) was an Indian poet and writer of the Nayi Kavita literary movement (romantic upsurge) of early 20th century Hindi literature. He was also a poet of the Hindi Kavi Sammelan. He is best known for his early work Madhushala. He was the father of Amitabh Bachchan, and grandfather of Shweta Bachchan and Abhishek Bachchan. His wife Teji Bachchan was a social activist. In 1976, he received the Padma Bhushan for his service to Hindi literature.

## Early life

Bachchan was born in Babupatti, United Provinces of Agra and Oudh in British India on 27 November 1907 into a Hindu Kayastha family. His family name was Srivastava. He began using the pen name "Bachchan" (meaning child) for his Hindi poetry. From 1941 to 1957, he taught in the English Department at the Allahabad University and then spent the next two years at St Catharine's College, Cambridge, completing a PhD on W. B. Yeats.

## Personal life

Bachchan married Shyama in 1926 who died of tuberculosis in 1936. In 1941, he married Teji Suri. Their elder son Amitabh Bachchan was born on 11 October 1942, followed by their younger son, Ajitabh, on 18 May 1947.
He had used the pen name Bachchan ("child-like" in colloquial Hindi), under which he published all of his works. When looking to get their elder son admitted to a school, he and Teji decided the family's surname should be Bachchan instead of Srivastava, as both parents opposed the caste system. Thus, it became the legal surname of the family. He was close friends with the Hindi Cinema Thespian Prithviraj Kapoor.
Bachchan died on 18 January 2003 due to respiratory failure.

## Writing career

Bachchan was fluent in several Hindi languages (Hindustani and Awadhi). He incorporated a broadly Hindustani vocabulary, written in Devanagari script. While he could not read Persian script, he was influenced by Persian and Urdu poetry, particularly Omar Khayyam.

## Works used in movies

Bachchan's work has been used in movies and music. Couplets of his work "Agneepath" are used throughout the 1990 film Agneepath, featuring his son Amitabh, and also later in the 2012 remake Agneepath, starring Hrithik Roshan, as well as in the TV Serial Ishqbaaz.
   Miṭṭī kā tan, mastī kā man, kṣan bhar jīvan, merā paricay. (मिट्टी का तन, मस्ती का मन, क्षण भर जीवन, मेरा परिचय) (Body of clay, mind of fun, life of a moment, my introduction)
# Faginidae

Faginidae was a family of millipedes belonging to the order Chordeumatida. The Austrian myriadpodologist Carl Attems proposed this family in 1926 to contain the genus Fagina. Adult millipedes in this genus have only 28 segments (counting the collum as the first segment and the telson as the last), not the 30 segments usually found in this order.
In 2003, the French myriapodologist Jean-Paul Mauriès deemed Faginidae to be a junior synonym of Neoatractosomatidae. Authorities no longer accept Faginidae as a valid family. Authorities now place the monotypic genus Fagina in the family Neoatractosomatidae instead.
Genera:
# Cleo Montgomery

Cleotha Montgomery (born July 1, 1956) is an American former professional football player who was a wide receiver and return specialist. He played for six seasons in the National Football League (NFL) for the Los Angeles Raiders, Cleveland Browns, and Cincinnati Bengals.
He is the younger brother of Wilbert Montgomery, a running back who had a 9-year career in the NFL.

## Biography

Cleo Montgomery was born July 1, 1956, at Greenville, Mississippi, the largest city in the Mississippi Delta. He attended Greenville High School before attending Abilene Christian University in Abilene, Texas on a football scholarship, as had his older brother, Philadelphia Eagles running back Wilbert Montgomery.
He was not drafted into the National Football League (NFL) but managed to sign as a free agent with the Washington Redskins in May 1978. The younger Montgomery's path was not an easy one, as he was released by the Redskins on July 17, 1978. He would be unable to find interest in the league until May 1980, when he signed another free agent contract, this time with the Denver Broncos. Once again he would fall victim to training camp cuts, released by the team on August 26. This time he was able to find a new home, however, signing on September 19 with the Cincinnati Bengals.
Although nominally listed as a wide receiver, Montgomery was used by the Bengals almost exclusively as a return specialist during the 1980 season, seeing action in all 14 games of his rookie year, during which he brought back 31 punts and 44 kickoffs, averaging 7.2 and 19.2 yards per return, respectively.
Montgomery went into camp the next season with the Bengals, but they decided to move along from him, having him turn in his playbook on October 9, after having played in four games. The next stop would be the Oakland Raiders, who signed him on December 16 and played him in their last game before moving to Los Angeles the following year.
He would play 9 games for the Raiders in 1982 and all 14 games in 1983, returning kicks but not punts. He even saw limited action as a wide receiver in 1983, catching the only two balls of his NFL career — catches for 14 and 15 yards gained. The 1983 Raiders would go on to win an NFL Championship, beating the Washington Redskins 38–9 in Super Bowl XVIII.
The Raiders would put him to work returning both kickoffs and punts in 1984, and the 28-year old Montgomery was once again able to answer the bell every Sunday of the season — a year expanded for the first time to 16 games.
Montgomery was once again the team's primary returner of punts and kicks in 1985, but a serious knee injury suffered on September 29 against the New England Patriots ended his season and effectively his career.
# Attack on Åbo

The Attack on Åbo was launched by the Novgorod Republic on the Swedish city of Åbo (Finnish: Turku) in 1318. The Novgorodian goal of capturing the city failed, but they managed to burn the outskirts.

## Prelude

At the beginning of the 13th century, the eastern Swedish expansion began to slow down. This was mainly due to the fact that when Sweden extended further east, the more resistance was given by Novgorod. With the uprising against the Swedish king in 1317, the Novgorodians decided to take advantage of the chaotic situation in Sweden.

## Attack

In the summer of 1318, the Novgorodians invaded along the coast and on 11 July the defenders of Åbo were overwhelmed, the nearby bishopric Kustö was captured and burned down, in the fire, the bishops archives which included all of Finlands earlier history were destroyed. However, the commander of Åbos castle, Lyder von Kuren, was able to defend the castle, and soon after, the Novgorodians retreated. The Novgorodian attack was likely an attempt to consolidate their control over the region.

## Aftermath

After the attack, the Novgorodians offensive capability was quickly exhausted, which forced them to adopt a restrictive campaign against the Swedes. The Novgorod First Chronicle speaks of a Swedish attack against the areas around Ladoga in 1317, which was likely another reason for the Novgorodian attack on Åbo. Since the two powers were incapable of annihilating the other, the two, with instigation from the Hanseatic League, signed the Treaty of Nöteborg in 1323. This agreement for the first time formally established the border between the two, cutting the Karelian Isthmus in two, following the course of the Vuoksi, crossing the Savo towards the northwest, and reaching the north of the Gulf of Bothnia. following the Pyhäjoki.
# Paul Kelly (football manager)

Paul Kelly is an Irish Gaelic football manager. He was the manager of the Tipperary county team from November 2023 when he was given a three-year contract, before stepping down in June 2024.

## Career

Kelly was previously part of the Wicklow management team in 2023. He previously managed the Thomas Davis club in Dublin that reached the 2019 Dublin County football final and also managed Naas in 2021.
In June 2024, Kelly stepped down as manager of the Tipperary senior football team after one year in charge.

## Personal life

Kelly is originally from Tallaght, but now lives in Eadestown in Co Kildare.
# Police Diligent and Ethical Service Medal

The Police Diligent and Ethical Service Medal, also known as the New South Wales Police Medal, is a decoration for police officers of the New South Wales Police Force. First instituted in 2002, the 36 mm medals are copper, with a nickel coating. The medal is awarded to sworn members and former sworn members of the New South Wales Police Force who have completed ten years of diligent and ethical service. The clasp to the medal is awarded for each additional 5 years of diligent and ethical service.

## Criteria

The Minister for Police and the Commissioner of the New South Wales Police Force gave their approval before the Police Diligent and Ethical Service Medal was established.
For an officer to become eligible for this award the Commissioner must make a recommendation to the Minister, and in doing so, is required to certify the following:
* That an officer has been a serving member of a Police Force
* That the officer has served efficiently for the qualifying period
* That the officer's character has been very good

## Length of service

Awarded to serving, and former serving sworn officers of the New South Wales Police Force who have completed ten years of diligent and ethical service. It may also be awarded to a police officer who dies in the line of duty with less than 10 years service.

## Appearance

The medal was designed by Mrs Amanda Duncan, graphic artist for the New South Wales Police Force and features the crown of the sovereign, 'nemesis eagle' and the New South Wales State Badge struck on the front of the medal. The words ‘NSW Police – Diligent and Ethical Service’ appear on the outer edge. The name of the officer is inscribed on the reverse.
The medal is suspended by a ribbon, which consists of five vertical blue stripes. The stripes represent the colours of the NSW Police Force uniform. The medal is accompanied by a miniature and a ribbon bar. The miniature medal is worn on mess dress on formal occasions and the ribbon bar is worn daily on uniform. The medal is a right side decoration and is worn 5 millimetres below the nameplate.
# Heidelberg-Königstuhl State Observatory

Heidelberg-Königstuhl State Observatory (German: Landessternwarte Heidelberg-Königstuhl) is a historic astronomical observatory located near the summit of the Königstuhl hill in the city of Heidelberg in Germany. It is operated by the Center for Astronomy (ZAH) at the University of Heidelberg.
The predecessor of the current observatory was originally opened in 1774 in the nearby city of Mannheim but degradation of observational conditions there resulted in a relocation to the Königstuhl in 1898.
The Observatory facility have little value for current astronomical research of ZAH; research is done with the Gama Ray H.E.S.S in Namibia and ESO facilitys in Chile.
Andreas Quirrenbach is the observatory's director since 2005.

## History

The instrumentation of the observatory originated from the Mannheim Observatory, founded in 1774. In 1880, the observatory was provisionally moved to Karlsruhe because the astronomical/atmospherical seeing conditions worsened. In subsequent years, three other locations were considered, with Heidelberg-Königstuhl finally being chosen.
On 20 June 1898, the "Großherzogliche Bergsternwarte" was ceremonially inaugurated by Frederick I, Grand Duke of Baden. The astronomical institute comprised two complementary departments, the astrophysical, led by Max Wolf, and the astrometrical led by Karl Wilhelm Valentiner. Valentiner was director of the Mannheim observatory and initiated the move to Karlsruhe. After Valentiner's retirement in 1909, both departments were placed under the administration of Max Wolf.
While the new observatory complex was still under construction Max Wolf obtained a grant of $10,000 from the American philanthropist Catherine Wolfe Bruce for the acquisition of a powerful new dual 16 in (41 cm) refractor telescope, the Bruce double astrograph. For many years this telescope was the observatory's main research instrument. He later obtained a grant to build the observatory's a 28 in (71 cm) reflector telescope, the observatory's first.
The main field of activity of the observatory was the investigation of nebulae and the search for asteroids. Wolf, his staff and his successors discovered over 800 asteroids, including the first trojan asteroid Achilles in 1906.
Between 1912 and 1957, Karl Wilhelm Reinmuth discovered almost 400 asteroids from the Heidelberg-Königstuhl State Observatory.
The observatory ceased to be run by the German federal government in 2005 when it was joined with the Institute of Theoretical Astrophysics and Astronomical Calculation Institute to make up the Center of Astronomy of the University of Heidelberg.
# Selmar Aschheim

Selmar Aschheim (4 October 1878 – 15 February 1965) was a German gynecologist.
Born into a Jewish family in Berlin, in 1902 he received a doctorate of medicine in Freiburg, and later became director of the laboratory of the Universitäts-Frauenklinik at the Berlin Charité. In 1930 Aschheim attained the chair of biological research in gynecology at the University of Berlin. In 1933 he fled Nazi Germany and moved to Paris, where he worked in medical research at the Hôpital Beaujon.
Aschheim was a specialist concerning gynecological histology and hormone research. In 1928 with endocrinologist Bernhard Zondek (1891–1966), he isolated the gonadotropic hormone known as human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), which was discovered in the urine of pregnant women. From their research the "Aschheim-Zondek test" for pregnancy was created, which involved injection of a patient's urine into an immature laboratory mouse. If the rodent displayed an estrous reaction, it represented a positive indication of pregnancy.
The two doctors published the findings of the hormone in a treatise titled Das Hormon des Hypophysenvorderlappens. At the time they believed that the gonadotrophin was produced by the anterior pituitary, however further research in the 1940s demonstrated that the placenta was responsible for the elaboration of the hormone.
# James Haar

James Haar (July 4, 1929 – September 15, 2018) was an American musicologist and W.R. Kenan Jr. Professor Emeritus of Music at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. A specialist in Renaissance music, he was the Editor-in-chief of the Journal of the American Musicological Society from 1966 to 1969 and served as the president of American Musicological Society from 1976 to 1978. He was elected a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1987.
Haar was born in St. Louis, Missouri. He received his BA from Harvard in 1950 and his MA from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in 1954. He returned to Harvard to complete his PhD under John Ward and Nino Pirrotta, graduating in 1961. His doctoral dissertation, Musica mundana: Variations on a Pythagorean Theme, explored the ancient belief in musica universalis and its effect on musical thought in the Middle Ages and early Renaissance. It remains one of the standard works on the subject.
His teaching career began at Harvard (1960–1967), followed by the University of Pennsylvania (1967–1969), and then New York University, where he was appointed a professor in the music department in 1969 and served as chair of the department from 1971 to 1977. In 1978, he was appointed Professor of Music at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, where he remained for the rest of his academic career.
The Science and Art of Renaissance Music, a collection of some of Haar's key essays and studies written over three decades, was published by Princeton University Press in 1998.
# Battle of Shinanah (1904)

The Battle of Shinanah was a major battle of the Saudi–Rashidi War, during the Unification of Saudi Arabia campaign, between the Rashidi dynasty and Saudi rebels. It occurred on 29 September 1904, in the town of Shinanah in Qassim region. After Ibn Saud's victory in Battle of Bekeriyah, he planned to conquer the whole Qassim region. Ibn Rashid also planned to regain control of the region. The battle ended in a Saudi victory, Ibn Saud gained extensive Turkish supplies in the town. Ibn Rashid and his Ottoman allies were forced to retreat to Rawdat Muhanna.
# Football Northern Territory

Football Northern Territory (FNT) is the state governing body for soccer in the Northern Territory, Australia. It is affiliated with Football Australia, the national governing body. The Territory is also separated into three zones – Northern, Central and FICA (Southern) – which have their own zone councils which locally administer their own league and cup competitions.
There is currently no overall champion – the regional winners in 2016 were Hellenic Athletic Club (Northern Zone) and Celtic (FICA).
The federation conducts the territory-wide Sport Minister's Cup, which doubles as qualification for the national FFA Cup.

## Clubs in NT
### Northern Zone (NorZone)

* Casuarina FC
* Darwin Olympic
* Darwin Hearts
* Hellenic Athletic
* Mindil Aces
* Port Darwin
* University Azzurri

### Reserves Only

* Palmerston Rovers
* Garuda FC
* Litchfield SC

### Past Participant Clubs

* Darwin City Buffalos
* Darwin Lions (Pre-2007 known as Afro-Oz FC)
* Karama United
* Litchfield SC
* 1st Brigade
* Palmerston FC
* University Rangers
* Waratahs SC (2007 No longer a Registered Club)
* Greater Palmerston United
* Darwin Rovers

### Central Zone

* Borroloola FC
* Gove SC
* Katherine FC

### Southern Zone Premier League

Organised by Football in Central Australia (FICA)
* Alice Springs Celtic
* Stormbirds SC
* Verdi FC
* MPH Vikings FC

### Reserves Only

* Gillen Scorpions

### Past Participant Clubs

* Gillen Scorpions
* Federals SC
* ASFA – (Not registered club, Academy team)
* Buckleys FC (Pre-2007 known as Town and Country Tavern)

## NT Australia Cup Final

The male knock-out cup – now run annually with clubs from NorZone and FICA – is a single-leg knockout cup competition, first held as part of the preliminary rounds of the 2015 FFA Cup. It is the qualification route for the single NT federation representative for the FFA Cup, now known as the Australia Cup.
Since 2016 the final has been played for the Cup.
From 2015 to 2018 the winners of the NorZone and FICA met in the final; since 2019 the winners of FICA have qualified to the semi-final stage (FFA Cup preliminary Round 6).
| Competition and Year | Winner | Score | Runners-up |
| 2015 NT Final | Darwin Olympic | 5–0 | Alice Springs Celtic |
| 2016 Sports Minister's Cup | Shamrock Rovers Darwin | 5–0 | Gillen Scorpions |
| 2017 Sports Minister's Cup | Darwin Rovers | 2–0 | Alice Springs Celtic |
| 2018 Sports Minister's Cup | Hellenic Athletic | 9–0 | Verdi FC |
| 2019 Sports Minister's Cup | Darwin Olympic | 2–2 (5–4 (p)) | University Azzurri |
| 2020 | 2020 FFA Cup cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Australia. | 2020 FFA Cup cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Australia. | 2020 FFA Cup cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Australia. |
| 2021 NT FFA Cup Final | Casuarina FC | 2–1 | Hellenic AC |
| 2022 NT FFA Cup Final | Mindil Aces FC | 2–0 | Casuarina FC |
| 2023 NT FFA Cup Final | Hellenic Athletic | 3–1 | Verdi FC |
| 2024 NT FFA Cup Final | Darwin Hearts | 3–1 | Darwin Olympic |
# Tiberio Crispo

Tiberio Crispo (31 January 1498 – 10 October 1566), the son of Giovanni Battista Crispo and Silvia Ruffini, who, after her husband's death, was the mistress of Alessandro Farnese. It was believed that Tiberio was an illegitimate son of Farnese, who became Pope Paul III. He was certainly a natural brother of Costanza Farnese (born ca. 1500) and Ranuccio Farnese (died 1529), the two undisputed legitimate children of Paul III, who were born before his election as pope in 1534.

## Biography

Tiberio Crispo began his career as a Canon and Prebendary of the Vatican Basilica. On 11 April 1543 Pope Paul III granted him the right of making his own will. He was also cubicularius secretus.
From June 1542 to April 1545 Crispo was the castellan of Castel Sant'Angelo.
He was appointed Bishop of Sessa Aurunca in Campania, in the province of Caserta in the Kingdom of Naples, on 6 July 1543, though he resigned the post in the next year in favor Bartolommeo Albano, who was appointed on 7 June 1544.
Tiberio Crispo was raised to the cardinalate on 19 December 1544 by Paul III. He was assigned the deaconry of S. Agata de' Goti from 1545 to 1551. On 20 November 1551 he was promoted to the Order of Cardinal Priests, but he was allowed to continue to hold the deaconry of S. Agata as though it were a titulus, pro illa vice (on that one occasion) until 1562. On 18 May 1562 he was promoted Cardinal Priest of S. Maria in Trastevere.
He was appointed Administrator of the Diocese of Sessa Aurunca (1565 – 27 June 1566) during the vacancy caused by the death of Bishop Galeazzo Florimonte.
As papal legate to Perugia, Crispo was a "driving force behind the architectural renewal of the city". For example, in 1547 Crispo commissioned Galeazzo Alessi for the construction of Santa Maria del Popolo to replace a church demolished by the construction of the Via Nuova. He also commissioned a palace in Bolsena that bears his name, Palazzo di Tiberio Crispo (also known as the Palazzo Crispo Marsciano or Palazzo Rondanini alla Rotonda), which was designed by Antonio da Sangallo the Younger circa 1543; after the death of Sangallo in 1546, Raffaello da Montelupo was called in to finish the palace, which remained incomplete, however, after the deaths of both Crispo and Raffaello in 1566.
Historical research indicates that Crispo also likely owned the "Palazzo Nobile" in Rome, a palace originally commissioned for Thomas Cardinal Wolsey circa 1507 before passing to the Aldobrandini family; Crispo likely commissioned the 400 square metres of frescos in the palace which celebrate the life of Paul III.
After the death of Paul III, Crispo participated in the conclaves of 1549-1550 (administrator of Amalfi at the time), April 1555 (administrator of Sessa Arunca and Amalfi at the time), May 1555, 1559, 1565-1566 (bishop of Sabina at the time).
Research related to the life and patronage of Crispo is ongoing in historical archives in Rome (States Archives, Vatican Secret Archives, Vatican Library) and Umbria (States Archives of Foligno, Historical Diocesan Archives of Perugia, States Archives of Perugia).
# Mottsville, Nevada

Mottsville is an unincorporated community within the Humboldt–Toiyabe National Forest on the western edge of the Carson Valley in northwestern Douglas County, Nevada, United States. Mottsville is located at the junction of Nevada State Route 206 and Nevada State Route 207 3 miles (4.8 km) west-southwest of Minden.

## History

Settlement on the Emigrant Trail where Hiram Mott and son Israel settled in 1851
* Mottsville, Nevada historical marker that commemorates early Nevada history