# Japanese submarine I-19

I-19 was a Japanese Type B1 submarine which damaged and destroyed several enemy ships during World War II while serving in the Imperial Japanese Navy. During the Guadalcanal Campaign, with a single torpedo salvo, the submarine sank the aircraft carrier USS Wasp and the destroyer USS O'Brien and damaged the battleship USS North Carolina.

## Service history
### Attacks off California

I-19 attacked the SS H.M. Storey as she was bringing oil to Los Angeles on 22 December 1941, chasing the ship for an hour. Two miles off Point Arguello California, 55 miles north of Santa Barbara, the captain of I-19, Narahara, fired three torpedoes at H.M. Storey. All missed. A US Navy plane saw the sub and dropped depth charges. The sub was forced to dive and end the attack. Her single biggest success in this time period came when she torpedoed the cargo ship SS Absaroka, forcing the ship to beach herself (she was eventually repaired and put back into service).

### Operation K

On 23 February 1942, I-19's Yokosuka E14Y (Glen) floatplane made a night reconnaissance over Pearl Harbor, Hawaii in preparation for Operation K, the second attack on Pearl Harbor by the Imperial Japanese Navy. On 4 March, she arrived at the French Frigate Shoals to serve as a radio beacon for the Kawanishi H8K (Emily) flying boats that were to attack Pearl Harbor. I-19 did not otherwise participate in the attack, which was carried out by two of the planned five H8Ks. No damages were inflicted by either H8K due to weather obscuring the target.

### Aleutian Islands campaign

In early June 1942, I-19 took part in the opening stages of the Aleutian Islands campaign.

### Sinking of USS Wasp and USS O'Brien

On 15 September 1942, while patrolling south of the Solomon Islands during the Guadalcanal Campaign under the command of Commander Takakazu Kinashi, I-19 sighted and attacked the U.S. carrier Wasp, firing a spread of six torpedoes. Three of the torpedoes hit the Wasp, causing heavy damage. With power knocked out, Wasp’s damage-control teams were unable to contain fires. She was abandoned and scuttled.
The remaining three torpedoes from the spread hit the U.S. battleship North Carolina and the destroyer O'Brien, the latter of which later sank on 19 October 1942 en route for repairs. North Carolina sustained significant damage and underwent repairs at Pearl Harbor until 16 November 1942.
I-19's torpedo salvo sank an aircraft carrier and a destroyer and severely damaged a battleship, making it one of the most damaging torpedo salvos in history.

### "Tokyo Express"

From November 1942 until February 1943, I-19 assisted with nocturnal supply and reinforcement deliveries and, later, evacuations for Japanese forces on Guadalcanal. Such missions by Japanese ships to Guadalcanal were called the "Tokyo Express" by Allied forces.

### Fiji

Between April and September 1943, I-19 was stationed off Fiji and took part in several transport missions and war patrols. During this time, the submarine saw successes against multiple American cargo ships. On 30 April, I-19 torpedoed and sank the Liberty Ship SS Phoebe A Hearst, then damaged SS William Williams. I-19 then sank the SS William L Vanderbilt, before she crippled the SS M H DeYoung, which could not be repaired and was decommissioned.

### Loss

On 25 November 1943, at 20:49, 50 nautical miles (93 km) west of Makin Island, destroyer USS Radford detected I-19 on the surface with radar. After I-19 submerged, Radford attacked with depth charges. I-19 was lost with all hands in this attack.

## History of Raiding Summary

| Date | Ship Name | Classification | Nationality | Tonnage | Fate |
| 24 December 1941 | Absaroka | Cargo Ship | US | 5,698 | Damaged |
| 15 September 1942 | Wasp | Aircraft Carrier | US | 19,423 | Sunk |
| 15 September 1942 | O'Brien | Destroyer | US | 2,246 | Sunk |
| 15 September 1942 | North Carolina | Battleship | US | 44,800 | Damaged |
| 30 April 1943 | Phoebe A Hearst | Cargo Ship | US | 7,176 | Sunk |
| 2 May 1943 | William Williams | Cargo Ship | US | 7,176 | Damaged |
| 16 May 1943 | William L Vanderbilt | Cargo Ship | US | 7,176 | Sunk |
| 13 August 1943 | M H DeYoung | Cargo Ship | US | 7,176 | Destroyed |