OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# National Center for History in the Schools

National Center for History in the Schools (NCHS) is an organization dedicated to enhancing teaching effectiveness and promoting K-12 student engagement with history through innovative publications, teaching aids, curricular development, professional workshops, and community outreach. The NCHS was founded in 1988 by UCLA Professor and Dean of Undergraduate and Intercollege Curricular Development Gary Nash. Today the NCHS is a division of the UCLA Department of History Public History Initiative and continues to support teachers and students in Los Angeles and across the United States through a range of publications available on the NCHS online catalog.
The NCHS's most notable projects included the development of the National History Standards and Historical Thinking Standards developed with federal funding to promote national educational reform with regard to the content and assessment of K–12 U.S. and world history courses in American schools. The NCHS has continued to develop materials for U.S. and world history including the Bring History Alive! series and The Big Eras: A Compact History of Humankind for Teachers and Students edited by Ross E. Dunn, professor and co-director of World History for Us All. In addition, the NCHS has published over 70 teaching units in U.S. and world history that draw on historical primary sources and link lessons to National History Standards.
The NCHS is part of a dynamic network of university-based programs that partner with school districts and K-12 teachers to develop innovative teaching units. NCHS programming has been funded by agencies such as the United States Department of Education, the National Endowment for the Humanities, the University of California President’s Office, the Ahmanson Foundation, the Longview Foundation, the Sidney Stern Foundation, and other private foundations. NCHS has been a partner on five Department of Education Teaching American History grants, providing for the academic presentations around which school districts organize their professional development.
# Metalliko, Kilkis

Metalliko (Greek: Μεταλλικό, meaning 'mineral', before 1926: Γιάννες - Giannes; Macedonian Slavic: Јанес, Janes; Bulgarian: Янешево, Yaneshevo) is a settlement in the city of Kilkis, in northern Greece, located 6 km northwest of downtown Kilkis. In 2021 the settlement's population was 288. The village is named after a nearby spring of mineral water. Metalliko is 19 km south of Doirani, which is a border crossing into North Macedonia. Metalliko has a train station on the line from Thessaloniki to Serres and Alexandroupoli.

## History

In ancient times (12th century BC), Phrygians founded the town Vragylos in the place where Metalliko now lies. Vragylos decayed during the Roman times. The area was ruled by the Ottomans until the Balkan Wars of 1913. It was inhabited by Turks, Bulgarians and Greeks at that time. It became a part of Greece in 1913 and was then settled by Greek refugees from Asia Minor and people from other parts of Greek Macedonia, many of them arrived during the Greco-Turkish War (1919-1922).
Many of the inhabitants of Metalliko were followers of the Greek Communist Party during the civil war which followed the Second World War.

## Transport

The settlement has a station which is served by Proastiakos services to Thessaloniki.

## Population

| Year | Population |
| 1991 | 412 |
| 2001 | 371 |
| 2011 | 386 |
| 2021 | 288 |
# Kottiyam

Kottiyam is a suburban town located at the southern end of Kollam city in Kollam district, Kerala, India. The town is home to many popular educational institutions, hospitals, restaurants, hotels, and retail stores. Kottiyam is strategically located and therefore a regular stopover for long-distance travellers wishing to freshen up during their journeys.

## Geographical location

Kottiyam is on the National Highway 66 between Kazhakoottam town and Kollam City. There are regular bus services from Kollam City. It is at a distance of around 12 km (7.5 mi) from Kollam and 11 km (6.8 mi) from Paravur.
The nearest major railway station is Kollam Junction.Mayyanad and Paravur railway stations are closer, but some passenger trains and a few express trains have halt there. The nearest airport is Trivandrum International Airport, 60 km (37 mi)

## Kottiyam town and Adichanalloor Panchayath

A major portion of Kottiyam town is located in Adichanalloor Panchayath. Adichanalloor is a special grade grama panchayath in Kollam.

## Institutions for higher education

* OGTM Skills Academy, Kottiyam
* S.N Polytechnic College, Kottiyam
* Travancore Medical College Hospital, Kollam
* N. S. Memorial Institute of Medical Sciences

## Hospitals

* Travancore Medical College Hospital, Kollam
* N. S. Memorial Institute of Medical Sciences
* Holycross Hospital, Kottiyam
* KIMS Health, Kottiyam
# Youngistaan Foundation

Youngistaan Foundation, is a non-governmental organization based in India, that work towards providing humanitarian assistance to underprivileged communities and addressing societal issues.

## History

Youngistaan Foundation is an Indian non-profit organization founded in 2014 by Arun Daniel Kumar Yellamaty. Arun established the organization to encourage active participation in addressing societal issues, especially those impacting underprivileged communities in India, through diverse programs and initiatives.
Youngistaan Foundation is headquartered in Hyderabad, Telangana, with operations in various cities across India, including Delhi, Bangalore, Pune, and Mumbai.
Youngistaan Foundation operates five core programs and multiple need-based initiatives addressing social issues such as hunger, homelessness, gender equality, education, animal welfare, youth development, democracy, climate action, and emergency responses. These initiatives are aligned with nine United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and aim to create a sustainable impact on individuals and communities.

### Notable associations

Youngistaan Foundation collaborates with various stakeholders, including government and police officials, civil societies, NGOs, donors, and corporate partners. Notable government partners include UNICEF, the Department of School Education, Telangana State Police, Women’s Safety Wing, SHE Teams, T-Hub, Telangana State Innovation Cell (TSIC), TASK (Telangana State), GHMC, WE-Hub, the Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment, and the Women and Child Welfare Department. Corporate partners include Synchrony, Dr. Reddy’s, JP Morgan, Wipro, and IKEA. These collaborations enable efforts to address various societal issues and contribute positively within communities, making tangible differences in people's lives.

## Awards and recognition

Youngistaan Foundation has received the following awards and recognitions:
* Social Media for Empowerment Award at the 2017 South Asia Awards
* Outstanding Young Persons Award by Junior Chamber International (JCI) in 2017.
* Young Achiever of the Year-Social Service Award at the Sakhi Media Excellence Awards 2020.
# Golem of Kruja

Golem was an Albanian nobleman who ruled the Principality of Arbanon, in its phase of semi-independency. He was the last ruler of Arbanon before its final annexation in the reemerging Byzantine Empire. His holdings included Krujë and probably Ohrid.

## Rule

He rose to rule Arbanon through marriage with the daughter of sebastos Gregorios Kamonas and Komnena Nemanjić and then succeeded him to rule Arbanon. The ascension of Golem is regarded as a reversion to the native rule of Albania. Komnena was the daughter of Stefan the First-Crowned and grand-daughter of Alexios III Angelos, the last Byzantine Emperor before the Fourth Crusade. This particular aspect of her origin would become important in later political developments as she was the niece of Irene Laskarina, Empress of Nicaea and thus related to the Nicaean Emperor John III Doukas Vatatzes.
The exact date of Golem's rise to power is unknown. In his time, Arbanon had moved from independence under Dhimitër Progoni to semi-independence under the high suzerainty of Theodore Komnenos Doukas of the Despotate of Epirus until 1230 when Ivan Asen II of Bulgaria expanded westwards. When he died in 1240, the Despotate of Epirus under the Komneno-Doukai exerted again its influence in central Albania. This was the era of the rise of the Nicaean Empire which sought to take hold of all post-Byzantine states and reform the Byzantine Empire. In this context, the struggle between Michael II Komnenos Doukas and John III Doukas Vatatzes developed. In 1246, the two expanded in the region of Macedonia and the new border between them in the area between Albania and western Macedonia. Golem was in control of Ohrid at the time. He, Theodore Petraliphas and others who were allies of Michael Doukas negotiated with Vatatzes and changed sides. Golem was probably in control of Ohrid and Petraliphas of Kastoria. Both men were in the region of Kastoria with their armies in order to support Michael against Vatatzes but instead of preparing to fight against him, they reached an agreement with Vatatzes who had also camped in western Macedonia. The exact details of the agreement are not known but contemporary historian George Pachymeres writes that Golem (Goulielmos) was "honored with Roman dignities" by the Nicaean Emperor. Golem is last mentioned in the historical records among other 'notables' of Arbanon, in a meeting with George Akropolites in Durrës that occurred in the winter of 1256–1257. Akropolites subsequently annexed the statelet and installed a Byzantine civil, military and fiscal administration.

## In historiography

Golem of Kruja is mentioned in two contemporary accounts. As Goulamos in that of George Akropolites and as Goulielmos in that of George Pachymeres. Thus, his name could either be a variant of William, which had entered Albanian as Gulielm or Golem, which had entered Albanian either via Latin Gulielmus or south Slavic/Bulgarian and signified one's high status. In Albanian historiography, those scholars who have favored the second hypothesis have proposed a possible connection to the Arianiti family, some members of which also used Golem in their names (Moisi Golemi).