# 12th federal electoral district of Michoacán

The 12th federal electoral district of Michoacán (Distrito electoral federal 12 de Michoacán) is a defunct federal electoral district of the Mexican state of Michoacán.
During its existence, the 12th district returned one deputy to the lower house of Congress for each three-year legislative session by means of the first-past-the-post system. From 1979 onwards, votes cast in the district also counted towards the calculation of proportional representation ("plurinominal") deputies elected from the country's electoral regions.
Suspended in 1930, it was re-established as part of the 1977 political reforms. The restored 12th district was first contested in the 1979 mid-term election and it elected its final deputy in the 2021 mid-terms. It was dissolved by the National Electoral Institute (INE) in the 2022 redistricting process because the state's population no longer warranted 12 districts.

## District territory

2017–2022 In its final form, the 12th district covered 11 municipalities in the south-west of the state:
* Aguililla, Apatzingán, Aquila, Buenavista, Coahuayana, Coalcomán, Chinicuila, Nuevo Parangaricutiro, Peribán, Tancítaro and Tepalcatepec.
The district's head town (cabecera distrital), where results from individual polling stations were gathered together and tallied, was the city of Apatzingán de la Constitución.
2005–2017 Under the 2005 districting plan, Michoacán lost its 13th district. Between 2005 and 2017, the 12th district had the same configuration as under the 2017 scheme.
1996–2005 Under the 1996 districting scheme, the district's head town was at Apatzingán but its configuration was different:
* Aguililla, Apatzingán, Buenavista and Tancítaro, as in the later plans, plus Gabriel Zamora, La Huacana, Múgica, Nuevo Urecho and Parácuaro.
1978–1996 The districting scheme in force from 1978 to 1996 was the result of the 1977 electoral reforms, which increased the number of single-member seats in the Chamber of Deputies from 196 to 300. Under the reforms, Michoacán's allocation rose from 9 to 13. The 12th district's head town was at Los Reyes and it comprised 11 municipalities:
* Charapan, Chilchota, Paracho, Peribán, Purépero, Los Reyes, Tancítaro, Tangancícuaro, Tinguindín, Tlazazalca and Tocumbo.

## Deputies returned to Congress

Twelfth federal electoral district of Michoacán :
| Election | Deputy | Term | Legislature |
| 1916 [es] | José Silva Herrera | 1916–1917 | Constituent Congress of Querétaro |
| 1917 | José Silva Herrera | 1917–1918 | 27th Congress [es] |
| 1918 | José Silva Herrera | 1918–1920 | 28th Congress |
| 1920 | Rafael M. González | 1920–1922 | 29th Congress |
| 1922 [es] | Alfredo Álvarez Treviño | 1922–1924 | 30th Congress [es] |
| 1924 | Alfredo Álvarez Treviño | 1924–1926 | 31st Congress |
| 1926 | Silviano Hurtado | 1926–1928 | 32nd Congress |
| 1928 | Silviano Hurtado | 1928–1930 | 33rd Congress |
| The 12th district was suspended between 1930 and 1979 |||||
| 1979 | Abimael López Castillo | 1979–1982 | 51st Congress |
| 1982 | José Cervantes Acosta | 1982–1985 | 52nd Congress |
| 1985 | Leonel Villalobos Chávez | 1985–1988 | 53rd Congress |
| 1988 | Isidro Aguilera Ortiz | 1988–1991 | 54th Congress |
| 1991 | Medardo Méndez Alfaro | 1991–1994 | 55th Congress |
| 1994 | Víctor Silva Tejeda [es] | 1994–1997 | 56th Congress |
| 1997 | Lázaro Cárdenas Batel | 1997–2000 | 57th Congress |
| 2000 | Cuauhtémoc Montero Esquivel | 2000–2003 | 58th Congress |
| 2003 | Inelvo Moreno Álvarez | 2003–2006 | 59th Congress |
| 2006 | Irineo Mendoza Mendoza | 2006–2009 | 60th Congress |
| 2009 | José María Valencia Barajas | 2009–2012 | 61st Congress |
| 2012 | Salvador Ortiz García | 2012–2015 | 62nd Congress |
| 2015 | Omar Noé Bernardino Vargas | 2015–2018 | 63rd Congress |
| 2018 | Francisco Javier Huacus Esquivel [es] | 2018–2021 | 64th Congress |
| 2021 | Francisco Javier Huacus Esquivel [es] | 2021–2024 | 65th Congress |