OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# City Union Bridge

The City Union Bridge is a bridge on the River Clyde in Glasgow. It was opened in 1899. It was once a busy main route in and out of St Enoch station but that terminus closed in 1966 and was demolished in 1977, and since then the bridge is only used for empty stock movements, as the bridge forms a key link between Glasgow Queen Street and Glasgow Central. If a project known as Glasgow Crossrail goes ahead then the bridge and associated track will see passenger services once more.
The City of Glasgow Union Railway built the first railway bridge over the River Clyde in the City of Glasgow here, which opened in 1870. It consisted of twin-lattice parallel iron girders in seven spans; the engineers were John Fowler and J F Blair, and the contractor was Thomas Brassey & co. Deep foundations to the piers required—up to 100 feet (30 m)—and cylinder caissons were lowered to firm rock by the use of a grab type excavator working within; the excavated face was kept under water.
In 1898 the bridge was completely rebuilt, and widened for quadruple track; compressed air excavation for 13-foot (4 m) diameter steel piers were used. The structure consists of two variable depth continuous girders. The visible spandrel braced arches are not primary structural members. There is a decorative cast-iron cornice and parapet, and towers and half turrets in red sandstone. The work cost £67,970. The engineer was William Melville, this time for the Glasgow & South Western Railway Company, and the contractors were Morrison and Mason for the foundations, and Sir William Arrol & Co. for the steelwork. It is a listed building, category B.
# John Nalbandian

John Baylor Nalbandian (born March 15, 1969) is a United States circuit judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit. He was previously a partner in the Cincinnati office of Taft Stettinius & Hollister.

## Biography

Nalbandian received his Bachelor of Science from the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania and his Juris Doctor from the University of Virginia School of Law with the Order of the Coif honor.
At the start of his legal career Nalbandian served as a law clerk to Judge Jerry Edwin Smith of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit. He then went on to be an associate at Jones Day, where he practiced for five years. In 2000, he joined Taft Stettinius & Hollister in Cincinnati and eventually became a partner, where he continued to work until becoming a judge.
Nalbandian was appointed by Kentucky Governor Ernie Fletcher to serve as a Special Justice of the Kentucky Supreme Court in 2007. In 2010, he was nominated by President Barack Obama and confirmed by the Senate to be a board member of the State Justice Institute. He resigned his seat on the Board of Directors on July 11, 2018. He was a member of the Magistrate Judge Merit Selection Panel for the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Kentucky. He has been a member of the Federalist Society since 1991.

## Federal judicial service

On January 23, 2018, President Donald Trump announced his intent to nominate Nalbandian to an undetermined seat on the United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit. On January 24, 2018, his nomination was sent to the United States Senate. He was nominated to the seat being vacated by Judge John M. Rogers, who announced his intention to assume senior status on a date to be determined. On March 7, 2018, a hearing on his nomination was held before the Senate Judiciary Committee. On April 19, 2018, his nomination was reported out of committee by an 11–10 vote. On May 11, 2018 the Senate invoked cloture on his nomination by a 52–43 vote. On May 15, 2018, his nomination was confirmed by a 53–45 vote. He received his commission on May 17, 2018.

## Personal life

Nalbandian's mother was born in a Japanese American internment camp during World War II.
# VA-23 (U.S. Navy)

VA-23, nicknamed the Black Knights, was an Attack Squadron of the United States Navy, established as Reserve Fighter Squadron VF-653 in December 1949 at NAS Akron, Ohio. The squadron relocated to NAS Alameda on 16 April 1951. It was redesignated VF-151 on 4 February 1953, and as VA-151 on 7 February 1956. It was finally designated as VA-23 on 23 February 1959, and moved to NAS Lemoore on 30 September 1961. The squadron was disestablished on 1 April 1970.

## Operational history

The squadron conducted its first combat strikes on 11 December 1951 during the Korean War.
In February 1955, it provided air support during the evacuation of Chinese Nationalists from the Tachen Islands during the First Taiwan Straits Crisis.
In April 1965, operating from USS Midway on Yankee Station, VA-23 conducted its first combat operations since the Korean War; it became the first squadron to use the Shrike missile in combat.
In March 1968, along with other squadrons in CVW-19, conducted flight operations from USS Ticonderoga in the Sea of Japan. These operations were part of a continuing show of American forces in the area, named Operation Formation Star, following the capture of USS Pueblo by North Korea on 23 January 1968.
In April 1968, VA-23 flew combat strikes around Khe Sanh, South Vietnam, in support of the besieged Marine base there.

## Aircraft assignment

The squadron was assigned the following aircraft in the months shown:
* FG-1D – 1951
* F4U-4 – 1951
* F4U-4B – 1951
* F9F-2 – August 1952
* F9F-5 – October 1952
* F7U-3M – May 1955
* F7U-3 – June 1955
* F9F-8B – December 1956
* F9F-8 – January 1957
* FJ-4B – July 1957
* A4D-2 – May 1960
* A-4E – December 1962
* A-4F – July 1967
# Philip N. LaBelle

Philip Noah LaBelle is an American Episcopal priest who is the Bishop of the Diocese of Olympia since September 14, 2024. Prior to his election as Bishop, LaBelle earned a Master of Divinity at Yale University and a Doctor of Ministry from Fuller Theological Seminary, and served parishes in Connecticut, Massachusetts, and Colorado.
On February 28, 2024, the Joint Board for Bishop Transition of the Episcopal Diocese of Olympia announced LaBelle as one of its nominees for bishop.
LaBelle was elected Bishop of Olympia in a diocesan electing convention on May 18, 2024. LaBelle was elected on the fourth ballot.
At the time of his election, LaBelle served as rector of Saint Mark's Episcopal Church in Southborough, Massachusetts.
LaBelle is married to Melissa Tobey LaBelle, an assistant professor at Bridgewater State University. The couple have two adult children.
# Roozegar-e Gharib

Roozegar-e Gharib (Persian: روزگار قریب, literally "Gharib's Story") is an Iranian TV series about Dr. Mohammad Gharib, the father of Pediatrics in Iran directed by Kianoush Ayari.

## Story

Ayyari wrote the script and the film reveals the story of Dr. Gharib's life from his childhood to the death. It also deals with History of Iran during 1905–1975.

## Properties

Filming began at the end of 2002 and ended in the fall of 2007.
* Time: 36 episodes, each episode 60 minutes approximately.

## First role performers

Five actors act in the role of Dr. Gharib from his childhood to the elderness. Parham Karami, Kaveh Ahangar, Shahab Kasraie, Naser Hashemi, and Mehdi Hashemi act in the first role of the Series.

## Cast and crews

* Mehdi Hashemi: Old Dr. Gharib
* Naser Hashemi: Adult Dr. Gharib
* Shahab Kasraei: Young Dr. Gharib
* Kaveh Ahangar: Dr. Gharib at the age of 12
* Parham Karami: Dr. Gharib at the age of 7
* Mehran Rajabi: Dr. Gharib's father
* Afarin Obeysi: Dr. Gharib's wife
* Hossein Panahi: Lotf-Ali
* Reza Kianian: Ayatollah Firoozabadi
* Farahnaz Manafi Zaher: Dr. Gharib's Mother
* Reza Babak: Mehdi Bazargan
* Amir Hossein Seddigh: Seyyed Ahmad Tabib
* Saba Kamali: Seyyed Ahmad Tabib's wife
* Reza Fayazi: Dr.Fotohi
* Afshin Sangchap:Uncle Dr. Gharib
* Maryam Soltani: Afrashteh (Mother of Shaden)
* Susan Parvar
* Saeed Shahram: Composer
# Sinampalukan

Sinampalukan, also known as sinampalukang manók or tamarind chicken, is a Filipino chicken soup consisting of chicken cooked in a sour broth with tamarind, tamarind leaves, ginger, onion, garlic, and other vegetables.

## Name

The term sinampalukan literally means "[cooked] with tamarind", from Tagalog sampalok, "tamarind".

## Description

Sinampalukan is prepared by first sautéing the chicken with garlic, ginger, and onions. Water is then added with tamarind pulp, young tamarind leaves and usually siling haba or labuyo chilis and tomatoes. Other vegetables can also be added if desired, including green beans, pechay, cabbage, eggplant, and others. It is served over white rice. Sinampalukan is regarded as a comfort food, usually served to sick people or during cold days.
Sinampalukan is very similar to sinigang and is sometimes regarded as a mere variant of the latter. However, sinampalukan differs most obviously in that it uses tamarind leaves as one of the main ingredients. It is also restricted to tamarind as the souring agent, unlike sinigang which can also use a variety of other sour fruits.
# Ocean Terminal, Hong Kong

Ocean Terminal is a passenger terminal servicing cruise ships and a shopping centre, located on Canton Road in Tsim Sha Tsui, Kowloon, Hong Kong.

## History

The location of Ocean Terminal was once a pier (Kowloon Star Ferry Pier, Kowloon Wharf and Godown) on the western shore of Tsim Sha Tsui. Rebuilt and enlarged for use as a cruise terminal, it also served as a multi-storey shopping centre. Ocean Terminal opened on 22 March 1966, signifying the increasing wealth of Hong Kong and costing HK$70 million. Its 112 shops made it "the largest shopping centre" in Hong Kong. It was the first shopping mall in Hong Kong.
In 1982, it was re-branded together with nearby buildings of the Wharf as Harbour City. Ocean Terminal is now owned by The Wharf (Holdings) Limited.

## Heavy transport

The annual berth utilisation rate of Ocean Terminal in Tsim Sha Tsui, which offers two berths accommodating vessels of up to 50,000 tonnes, rose to 76% last year from 71% in 2003. Between 2001 and 2006, some 11 cruise vessels had to berth mid-stream and at container terminals because Ocean Terminal could not meet market demand.

## Gallery

* Ocean Terminal Main Entrance after renovation in 2020
* Atrium after renovation in 2014
* A cruise ship approaching the harbour
* Ocean Terminal Level 1 Shops
* Ocean Terminal Extension completed in July, 2017
# Don Mitchell (geographer)

Don Mitchell (born 1961) is professor of human geography at Uppsala University and Distinguished Professor Emeritus in the geography department at the Maxwell School, Syracuse University.

## Education and career

From an academic household in California, he is a graduate of San Diego State University (1987) and Pennsylvania State University (1989), as well as receiving his PhD from Rutgers University in 1992, working with Neil Smith. He taught at the University of Colorado Boulder before joining Syracuse University in the late 1990s.
In 1998, he became a MacArthur Fellow, and in 2008 a Guggenheim Fellow. He was awarded the Retzius Medal from the Swedish Society for Anthropology and Geography in 2012.

## Scholarship

Considered an influential Marxist scholar, he is best known for his work on cultural theory, showing how landscapes embody historical links to struggle, oppression, and the unacknowledged labor involved in their creation and maintenance. He has applied this to the history of immigrant labor in California's agricultural landscapes, privatized public spaces, and public parks where homeless people are threatened or evicted.
Mitchell has written extensively on homelessness in the United States. In his 2020 book Mean Streets, he examines the structural causes of homelessness and the role capitalism has played in creating and exacerbating it. He posits that as racist and unjust as U.S. capitalism was during the Keynesian period following the New Deal, social welfare programs mitigated its harshest excesses, a situation which changed during the transition to a neoliberal economy starting in the 1970s and accelerating under the Reagan administration. He argues: "The world can be organized such that it doesn’t simultaneously produce the people we call homeless and the thinking that we have to get rid of them."

## Books
### As author

* Mean Streets: Homelessness, Public Space, and the Limits of Capital (2020). University of Georgia Press.
* They Saved the Crops: Labor, Landscape, and the Struggle over Industrial Farming in Bracero-Era California (2012). University of Georgia Press.
* The People’s Property? Power, Politics, and the Public (with Lynn Staeheli, 2008). New York: Routledge.
* The Right to the City: Social Justice and the Fight for Public Space (2003). New York: Guilford Press.
* Cultural Geography: A Critical Introduction (2000). Blackwell Publishing. ISBN 1-55786-892-1
* The Lie of the Land: Migrant Workers and the California Landscape (1996). University of Minnesota Press.

### As editor

* Justice, Power and the Political Landscape (ed. with Kenneth Olwig, 2009). London: Routledge.
# Dedy Gusmawan

Dedy Gusmawan (born 27 December 1985) is an Indonesian former professional footballer who played as a defender.

## International career

Dedi won his first cap for Indonesia in a friendly match against Cambodia on 25 September 2014, where he played as a substitute.

## Career statistics
### International appearances

Indonesia national team :
| Year | Apps | Goals |
| 2014 | 1 | 0 |
| 2015 | 0 | 0 |
| 2016 | 1 | 0 |
| Total | 2 | 0 |

## Honours

Malut United
* Liga 2 third place (play-offs): 2023–24
# 1877 Wellington City mayoral election

The 1877 Wellington City mayoral election was part of the New Zealand local elections held that same year to decide who would take the office of Mayor of Wellington.

## Background

William Hutchison, the incumbent Mayor, initially intended to seek re-election however he later withdrew his candidature. This left a two-way race between former mayor Joe Dransfield and lawyer George Elliott Barton. Barton later retired from election in consequence of being engaged in several legal cases pertaining to the city, meaning that if elected he would have had to appear in court against himself. After Barton's mid-campaign withdrawal Dransfield was then declared elected unopposed and thus cancelled his remaining campaign meetings. It was the second election in a row where the mayoralty was uncontested.
# William F. Hamilton (professor)

William F. Hamilton (born 1941) is an American professor. He is the Ralph Landau Professorship of Management and Technology at the University of Pennsylvania and a management consultant. Hamilton is a pioneer and advocate of joint-degree programs of business and engineering. He started the Management and Technology Program in 1977 and founded the Jerome Fisher Program in Management and Technology in 1978. Hamilton served as Director of the Jerome Fisher Program in Management and Technology in the Wharton School and the School of Engineering and Applied Science at the University of Pennsylvania until his retirement in 2015. He co-founded the Department of Operations and Information Management at Wharton. He participated in the creation of Penn's Weiss Technology House, Wharton's Program in Emerging Technologies, and the Executive Masters Program in Technology Management in the Engineering School.
# Channel 1 (Syrian TV channel)

Syria TV, also known as Channel 1 (Arabic: القناة الأولى) was a Syrian television channel launched on 23 July 1960. Its broadcast coverage was solely limited to Syria and broadcast service programs. It operated as an interactive local channel. Channel 1 was shut down in 2012.

## History

Syrian Television began broadcasts on 23 July 1960, during Syria's short-lived union with Egypt. It began with the phrase, "Here is Damascus", as delivered by Sabah Qabbani. It was broadcast from its studios situated at the highest peak of Mount Qasioun, with low power of no more than 10 kilowatts and only for one and a half hours reaching only Damascus. Its broadcasting hours increased over time. After the 1961 military coup which dissolved the union, Syrian TV broadcast a speech delivered by Shukri al-Quwatli, the first post-independence president of Syria, in October 1961, which was recorded in Switzerland.
Experimental color broadcasts began in 1978, with only a handful of programs being in color at the time, being broadcast for four hours. Regular color broadcasts began in 1980 using PAL and SECAM systems. Amid the civil war, Channel 1 ceased broadcasting on 11 November 2012 in preparation for the official launch of the satellite television channel Talaqie TV.
# Wydrzno

Wydrzno is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Łasin, within Grudziądz County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. It lies approximately 6 kilometres (4 mi) north of Łasin, 21 km (13 mi) north-east of Grudziądz, and 67 km (42 mi) north-east of Toruń.
# Progressive Front

The Progressive Front (Greek: Προοδευτική Παράταξις) was a right-wing political party in Cyprus.

## History

The party was established in 1970 as a split from the Patriotic Front, with support from the right-wing PEK farmers union and the SEK labour union. Shortly after its formation the Front absorbed the Progressive Party established by Nikos Sampson. In the 1970 parliamentary elections the Front won seven of the 35 seats in the House of Representatives. It drew much of its support from the agricultural community on the island.
Following the 1974 coup and subsequent Turkish invasion, the party collapsed due to some of its members having supported the coup, including Nikos Sampson who had been installed as President after the coup. In the lead-up to the 1976 parliamentary elections, the Front's leading members united with members of Eniaion to form the new Democratic Rally party. The party was officially dissolved in 1976.

## Ideology

The party was in favour of a closer relationship with Greece, although it stated that this should be as a result of self-determination of the people.
# Drolet Lake

The Lake Drolet (in French: lac Drolet and formerly Saint-Samuel-de-Gayhurst) is a lake located near the village of Lac-Drolet, in Le Granit Regional County Municipality, in Estrie, in Quebec, Canada. It is the source of the Drolet River, a tributary of the Chaudière River and a sub-tributary of the St. Lawrence River.

## Geography

Its area is 708 acres, its elevation is 457 meters, and its maximum depth is 8 meters. The species of fish are; rainbow trout, brown trout and walleye. The name evokes a surveyor from Saint-Sébastien who would go fishing on the frozen lake in winter. The lake is located about 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) from the Morne de Saint-Sébastien, which rises to an altitude of 820 meters (2,690 ft).

## Tourism

Located near the Route des Sommets, in an environment where nature and mountains are omnipresent, the area is ideal for hiking, camping, and outdoor activities.
# Auchenshuggle Bridge

Auchenshuggle Bridge (Achadh an t-Seagail - "the rye field" - in Gaelic) is a road bridge spanning the River Clyde in Glasgow, Scotland. The Auchenshuggle Bridge is the latest road bridge to be built over the Clyde in the Auchenshuggle district of Glasgow, carrying the M74 motorway over the river and onto land which is part of Clydebridge Steelworks in Rutherglen, en route to the M8 junction near the heavily congested Kingston Bridge.

## History

The Bridge was built as part of the northern extension of the M74, being the southern flank of the never completed Glasgow Inner Ring Road, although following a different route through the southside of the city.
The aim of the motorway extension was to relieve the heavily congested northern section of the M8 through the city centre and over the Kingston Bridge by allowing through traffic to bypass the entire city centre section of the M8, via the M74.

## Construction

The Auchenshuggle bridge is a dual three-lane motorway bridge that carries both carriageways of the M74 over the River Clyde, located west of Fullarton Road junction. The single-span bridge is supported at each end by reinforced concrete supports, and the bridge deck (superstructure) is made up of steel box girder beams with reinforced concrete cast in place over the beams.
During construction of the bridge, engineers used the Europe's largest mobile crane to lift the superstructure into place.
The new bridge was completed and opened in 2011. Its construction incorporates a footbridge under the motorway on the north bank of the river which allows the Clyde Walkway and National Cycle Route 75 to continue, as well as an identical footbridge on the south bank which would also accommodate any similar pathways built in the future, as was mooted in 2015.
# Gabriel Urgebadze

Gabriel of Georgia (Georgian: წმიდა გაბრიელ ქართველი, romanized: ts'mida gabriel kartveli), born Goderdzi Urgebadze (გოდერძი ურგებაძე; 26 August 1929 – 2 November 1995) was a Georgian Orthodox monk venerated for his dedicated monastic life and piety. With many miracles ascribed to him, Gabriel's grave in Mtskheta has attracted an increasing number of pilgrims. The Georgian Orthodox Church officially canonized him as Holy Father Saint Gabriel, Confessor and Fool for Christ (წმ. ღირსი მამა გაბრიელი აღმსარებელი-სალოსი), on 20 December 2012.

## Biography

Gabriel was born as Goderdzi Urgebadze in Tbilisi to the family of a Communist Party functionary, who died under suspicious circumstances in 1931. After completing compulsory service in the Soviet army, he decided to enter monastic life and was tonsured a monk in 1955, taking the religious name Gabriel.
On 1 May 1965, he first became well-known in Georgia by setting fire to a banner depicting Vladimir Lenin during an International Workers' Day parade in downtown Tbilisi. He was arrested, tried and ruled to be psychotic, then confined to a mental hospital. For seven months, he was tortured there for his faith. An account of this incident was published in the West, in the Orthodox zine Death to the World in 1994.
Gabriel spent much of his later life at the nunnery of Saint Nino, which is attached to Samtavro Monastery in the ancient town of Mtskheta north of Tbilisi. He died there in 1995, and was buried in the Samtavro churchyard.

## Veneration

The hieromonk Gabriel is believed by Eastern Orthodox Christians to have possessed powers of healing and clairvoyance, while his remains are considered incorrupt. The oil from a lamp which constantly burned at his tomb in Mtskheta is also considered miraculous. His grave became an increasingly popular pilgrimage site, and in 2012, the Holy Synod of the Georgian Orthodox Church officially recognized him as a saint.
In January 2014 rumours spread that Gabriel, in a supposed apparition to a nun in Mtskheta, had promised that two wishes will be granted to those visiting his tomb just before Christmas on 7 January. This sparked several mass gatherings at Samtavro that extra police units had to be deployed to control traffic. Church officials and the alleged seer-nun later dismissed the visions as false.
The relics of Gabriel were exhumed for reburial in a special crypt within Samtavro Monastery on 22 February 2014. Prior to its reburial, his body was toured around four major Orthodox cathedrals in Georgia, attracting thousands of devotees from all over the country.
# Hervartov

Hervartov is a village and municipality in Bardejov District in the Prešov Region of north-east Slovakia.

## History

In historical records the village was first mentioned in 1406. The wooden church in the village was built around 1500 and is a Roman Catholic wooden church. It has beautiful frescoes inside and due to its cultural and historical value it was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2008.

## Geography

The municipality lies at an altitude of 450 metres and covers an area of 9.872 km$^2$ (3.81 sq mi). It has a population of about 503 people.

## Genealogical resources

The records for genealogical research are available at the state archive "Statny Archiv in Presov, Slovakia"
* Roman Catholic church records (births/marriages/deaths): 1749-1897 (parish B)
* Greek Catholic church records (births/marriages/deaths): 1819-1938 (parish B)