OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 2014 NCAA Division II Football Championship Game

The 2014 NCAA Division II Football Championship Game was a postseason college football game that determined a national champion in NCAA Division II for the 2014 season. It was played at Sporting Park in Kansas City, Kansas, on December 20, 2014, with kickoff at 4:00 p.m. EST (3:00 p.m. local CST), and television coverage on ESPN2.

## Teams

The participants of the 2014 NCAA Division II Football Championship Game were the finalists of the 2014 Division II Playoffs, which began with teams seeded 3–6 in each super region playing in the first round, the winners of which faced teams seeded 1–2 in the second round. From there, the bracket was a sixteen-team single-elimination tournament. The game featured the No. 2 seed CSU Pueblo and No. 2 seed Minnesota State. This was the first meeting between the teams and both teams' first championship game appearance.

### National semifinals

| Semifinals December 13 Hosted by team with asterisk | Semifinals December 13 Hosted by team with asterisk | Semifinals December 13 Hosted by team with asterisk | National Championship December 20 Sporting Park, Kansas City, KS | National Championship December 20 Sporting Park, Kansas City, KS | National Championship December 20 Sporting Park, Kansas City, KS |
| 1 | Concord | 13 | | | |
| 2 | Minnesota State* | 47 | | | |
| 2 | Minnesota State* | 47 | 2 | Minnesota State | 0 |
| | | | 2 | CSU Pueblo | 13 |
| 6 | West Georgia | 7 | 2 | CSU Pueblo | 13 |
| 2 | CSU Pueblo* | 10 | | | |

## Game summary

| Quarter | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | Total |
| No. 2 CSU Pueblo | 0 | 10 | 3 | 0 | 13 |
| No. 2 Minnesota State | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
at Sporting Park • Kansas City, Kansas
* Date: Saturday, December 20, 2014
* Game time: 4:00 p.m. EST (3:00 p.m. CST)
* Game weather: Partly sunny • Temperature: 43 °F (6 °C) • Wind: SW 15 mph
* Game attendance: 6,762
* Referee: Jason Autrey
* TV: ESPN2
* Sources:

### Statistics

| Statistics | CSUP | MNST |
| First downs | 16 | 12 |
| Plays–yards | 66–327 | 64–265 |
| Rushes–yards | 36–136 | 31–105 |
| Passing yards | 191 | 160 |
| Passing: Comp–Att–Int | 17–30–1 | 20–33–0 |
| Time of possession | 32:11 | 27:49 |
| Team | Category | Player | Statistics |
| CSU Pueblo | Passing | Chris Bonner | 17/30, 191 yards, 1 TD, 1 INT |
| CSU Pueblo | Rushing | Cameron McDondle | 28 carries, 113 yards |
| CSU Pueblo | Receiving | Paul Browning | 5 receptions, 84 yards, 1 TD |
| Minnesota State | Passing | Ricky Lloyd | 15/21, 99 yards |
| Minnesota State | Rushing | Ricky Lloyd | 12 carries, 67 yards |
| Minnesota State | Receiving | Dorian Buford | 5 receptions, 50 yards |
# Bryson

Bryson may refer to:

## People and fictional characters

* Bryson (surname)
* Bryson (given name)

## Places
### Canada

* Bryson, Quebec, a village and municipality
* Bryson, a hydroelectric station in Quebec

### United States

* Bryson, Missouri, an unincorporated community
* Bryson City, North Carolina, a town
* Bryson, Texas, a city in Jack County
* Bryson Independent School District, Jack County, Texas

## Schools

* Bryson College, a college in Fayetteville, Tennessee, United States, from 1919 to 1929
* Bryson High School (Greenville, South Carolina)
* Bryson High School (Bryson, Texas)

## Other uses

* Bryson Apartment Hotel, Los Angeles, California
# Charles Simpkins

Charles "Charlie" Simpkins (born October 19, 1963) is an American athlete who competed mainly in the triple jump. He was born in Aiken, South Carolina.
He competed for the United States in the 1992 Summer Olympics held in Barcelona, Spain in the triple jump where he won the silver medal. He had previously represented the United States at the 1988 Summer Olympics, finishing 5th.
# Jasmine Flury

Jasmine Flury (born 16 September 1993) is a Swiss World Cup alpine ski racer, specializing in the speed events of Downhill and Super-G. Flury won gold in downhill at the 2023 World Championships.
Flury made her World Cup debut at age twenty in January 2014, and her first podium was a victory on home country snow, in a Super-G at St. Moritz in December 2017. She has competed in three World Championships and two Winter Olympics.

## World Cup results

Flury made her World Cup debut at age twenty in a downhill at Altenmarkt in January 2014, but had only one additional start that season, with over twenty on the European Cup circuit. The next season she had eight World Cup starts but went without a top thirty result, and concurrently raced in European Cup events. A hip injury kept her out of the 2016 season.

### Season standings

| Season | Age | Overall | Slalom | Giant slalom | Super-G | Downhill | Combined |
| 2015 | 21 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2016 | 22 | injured, did not compete | injured, did not compete | injured, did not compete | injured, did not compete | injured, did not compete | injured, did not compete |
| 2017 | 23 | 42 | — | — | 22 | 21 | — |
| 2018 | 24 | 24 | — | — | 13 | 15 | — |
| 2019 | 25 | 29 | — | — | 10 | 19 | — |
| 2020 | 26 | 66 | — | — | 29 | 34 | — |
| 2021 | 27 | 35 | — | — | 32 | 13 | — |
| 2022 | 28 | 26 | — | — | 15 | 17 | — |
| 2023 | 29 | 28 | — | — | 16 | 15 | — |
| 2024 | 30 | 26 | — | — | 22 | 6 | — |

### Race podiums

* 2 wins – (1 DH. 1 SG)
* 4 podiums – (3 DH, 1 SG); 29 top tens (16 DH, 13 SG)
| Season | Date | Location | Discipline | Place |
| 2018 | 9 Dec 2017 | St. Moritz, Switzerland | Super-G | 1st |
| 2022 | 29 Jan 2022 | Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany | Downhill | 2nd |
| 2024 | 16 Dec 2023 | Val-d'Isère, France | Downhill | 1st |
| 2024 | 16 Feb 2024 | Crans-Montana, Switzerland | Downhill | 2nd |

## World Championship results

| Year | Age | Slalom | Giant  slalom | Super-G | Downhill | Combined |
| 2017 | 23 | — | — | 17 | 12 | — |
| 2019 | 25 | — | — | DNF | 20 | DNS2 |
| 2023 | 29 | — | — | 22 | 1 | — |

## Olympic results

| Year | Age | Slalom | Giant  slalom | Super-G | Downhill | Combined |
| 2018 | 24 | — | — | 27 | DNF | — |
| 2022 | 28 | — | — | 12 | 15 | — |
# Mauro Jörg

Mauro Jörg (born 29 April 1990) is a Swiss professional ice hockey forward who is currently playing for HC Fribourg-Gottéron of the National League (NL). He was selected by the New Jersey Devils in the 7th round (204th overall) of the 2010 NHL Entry Draft.

## Playing career

Unsigned from the Devils, and after two seasons with the Rapperswil-Jona Lakers, Jörg signed for his third NL club in agreeing to a three-year contract with HC Davos on 28 May 2014.
On 3 July 2018 Jörg returned to HC Lugano on a two-year deal worth CHF 1.2 million.
On 30 May 2020 Jörg agreed to a one-year contract with Lausanne HC for the 2020/21 season. On 16 October 2020 Jörg was traded to HC Fribourg-Gottéron, without having played a single game for Lausanne, in exchange for Noah Schneeberger.

## Career statistics
### Regular season and playoffs

| | | | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs |
| Season | Team | League | GP | G | A | Pts | PIM | GP | G | A | Pts | PIM |
| 2006–07 | EHC Chur | NLB | 20 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 0 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2007–08 | EHC Chur | NLB | 40 | 11 | 9 | 20 | 33 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2008–09 | HC Lugano | NLA | 47 | 3 | 3 | 6 | 6 | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 2009–10 | HC Lugano | NLA | 44 | 1 | 7 | 8 | 6 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 2009–10 | EHC Visp | NLB | — | — | — | — | — | 7 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| 2010–11 | HC Lugano | NLA | 50 | 3 | 9 | 12 | 26 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2011–12 | HC Lugano | NLA | 48 | 4 | 3 | 7 | 8 | 6 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 0 |
| 2011–12 | HC Sierre | NLB | 2 | 3 | 1 | 4 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2012–13 | Rapperswil-Jona Lakers | NLA | 48 | 4 | 6 | 10 | 10 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2013–14 | Rapperswil-Jona Lakers | NLA | 49 | 5 | 10 | 15 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2014–15 | HC Davos | NLA | 49 | 14 | 8 | 22 | 14 | 14 | 2 | 2 | 4 | 2 |
| 2015–16 | HC Davos | NLA | 47 | 11 | 18 | 29 | 4 | 9 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 0 |
| 2016–17 | HC Davos | NLA | 32 | 7 | 7 | 14 | 4 | 10 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 2 |
| 2017–18 | HC Davos | NL | 36 | 5 | 11 | 16 | 29 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 2018–19 | HC Lugano | NL | 50 | 5 | 10 | 15 | 10 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 2019–20 | HC Lugano | NL | 39 | 1 | 3 | 4 | 6 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2020–21 | HC Fribourg-Gottéron | NL | 43 | 4 | 7 | 11 | 6 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| 2021–22 | HC Fribourg-Gottéron | NL | 44 | 7 | 18 | 25 | 12 | 9 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| 2022–23 | HC Fribourg-Gottéron | NL | 49 | 2 | 9 | 11 | 27 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| NL totals | NL totals | NL totals | 675 | 76 | 129 | 205 | 178 | 99 | 11 | 11 | 22 | 16 |

### International

| Year | Team | Event | Result | GP | G | A | Pts | PIM |
| 2008 | Switzerland | WJC18 | 8th | 5 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 2 |
| 2009 | Switzerland | WJC-D1 | 11th | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 2010 | Switzerland | WJC | 4th | 7 | 3 | 1 | 4 | 4 |
| Junior totals | Junior totals | Junior totals | Junior totals | 17 | 3 | 3 | 6 | 6 |
# Edgar Salis

Edgar Salis (born May 20, 1970) is a former Swiss professional ice hockey defenceman. He most recently played for ZSC Lions of the National League A. In 2002, he played for the Switzerland national ice hockey team in the Olympic Games in Salt Lake City, Utah.

## Career statistics
### Regular season and playoffs

| | | | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs |
| Season | Team | League | GP | G | A | Pts | PIM | GP | G | A | Pts | PIM |
| 1988–89 | EHC Arosa | SUI.2 U20 | | | | | | | | | | |
| 1989–90 | EHC Arosa | SUI.2 U20 | | | | | | | | | | |
| 1989–90 | EHC Arosa | SUI.3 | | | | | | | | | | |
| 1990–91 | SC Rapperswil–Jona | SUI.2 | 36 | 1 | 5 | 6 | 48 | 8 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 11 |
| 1991–92 | EHC Chur | NDA | 28 | 2 | 8 | 10 | 67 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1992–93 | SC Bern | NDA | 36 | 5 | 7 | 12 | 65 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| 1993–94 | Zürcher SC | NDA | 36 | 4 | 9 | 13 | 62 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 6 |
| 1994–95 | Zürcher SC | NDA | 33 | 3 | 10 | 13 | 36 | 5 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 12 |
| 1995–96 | Zürcher SC | NDA | 26 | 7 | 9 | 16 | 65 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 12 |
| 1996–97 | Zürcher SC | NDA | 44 | 6 | 11 | 17 | 70 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| 1997–98 | HC Ambrì–Piotta | NDA | 36 | 8 | 10 | 18 | 65 | 14 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 26 |
| 1998–99 | HC Ambrì–Piotta | NDA | 44 | 3 | 8 | 11 | 30 | 15 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 24 |
| 1999–2000 | ZSC Lions | NLA | 43 | 4 | 7 | 11 | 44 | 11 | 1 | 3 | 4 | 4 |
| 2000–01 | ZSC Lions | NLA | 43 | 4 | 13 | 17 | 36 | 15 | 3 | 3 | 6 | 20 |
| 2001–02 | ZSC Lions | NLA | 42 | 1 | 7 | 8 | 45 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2002–03 | ZSC Lions | NLA | 35 | 0 | 9 | 9 | 26 | 12 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 6 |
| 2003–04 | ZSC Lions | NLA | 42 | 1 | 7 | 8 | 65 | 13 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 12 |
| 2004–05 | ZSC Lions | NLA | 39 | 0 | 5 | 5 | 20 | 15 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 14 |
| NDA/NLA totals | NDA/NLA totals | NDA/NLA totals | 527 | 48 | 120 | 168 | 696 | 117 | 10 | 11 | 21 | 140 |

### International

| Year | Team | Event | GP | G | A | Pts | PIM |
| 1994 | Switzerland | WC B | 7 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| 1998 | Switzerland | WC | 9 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| 2000 | Switzerland | WC | 7 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| 2001 | Switzerland | WC | 6 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| 2002 | Switzerland | OG | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Senior totals | Senior totals | Senior totals | 31 | 4 | 4 | 8 | 12 |
# Purple Lamp

Purple Lamp GmbH (formerly Purple Lamp Studios) is an Austrian video game developer based in Vienna. It was founded as an independent company in 2018 by employees from Sproing Interactive after Sproing filed for insolvency in 2016 and closed down in 2017. They had also acquired the rights to the Sproing brand and certain games previously made by them, and kept the games active by operating a subdivision under the name Sproing Publishing.
In November 2020, the company was acquired by Embracer Group, and was placed under THQ Nordic as the parent company.

## History

Purple Lamp was founded in March 2018 by Harald Riegler and Andrew Hance, with the former also acting as chief executive officer. Riegler was the co-founder and CEO of Sproing Interactive, which filled for insolvency in 2016 and subsequently declared bankruptcy in December 2017. The company initially consisted mostly of developers from Sproing and was originally supported by the investment firm More Space GmbH. They also acquired the brand rights and assets from Sproing and selected titles they previously developed, and kept supporting them by operating a subdivision under the name Sproing Publishing. One of their first projects was taking over and co-developing the early access version of The Guild 3 with GolemLabs for THQ Nordic on June 2018, and were later selected by the publisher as the developer of SpongeBob SquarePants: Battle for Bikini Bottom – Rehydrated, which released in June 2020 to commercial success. Riegler resigned as CEO in August 2018, with his position being taken over by Hance.
On November 18, 2020, the studio was purchased by Embracer Group for an undisclosed amount, becoming a subsidiary of THQ Nordic with a primary focus on developing games based on licensed IPs.

## Games developed

| Year | Title | Platform(s) | Publisher(s) | Notes |
| 2020 | Sea of Thieves | Windows | Xbox Game Studios | Ported to Steam |
| 2020 | SpongeBob SquarePants: Battle for Bikini Bottom – Rehydrated | Amazon Luna, Android, iOS, Nintendo Switch, PlayStation 4, Stadia, Windows, Xbox One | THQ Nordic, HandyGames | |
| 2022 | The Guild 3 | Windows | THQ Nordic | With GolemLabs |
| 2023 | SpongeBob SquarePants: The Cosmic Shake | Android, iOS, Nintendo Switch, PlayStation 4, Windows, Xbox One, PlayStation 5, Xbox Series X/S | THQ Nordic, HandyGames | |
| 2024 | Disney Epic Mickey: Rebrushed | Nintendo Switch, PlayStation 4, Windows, Xbox One, PlayStation 5, Xbox Series X/S | THQ Nordic | |
| 2025 | Untitled SpongeBob SquarePants Game | Nintendo Switch, PlayStation 4, Windows, Xbox One, PlayStation 5, Xbox Series X/S | THQ Nordic, HandyGames | |

### Cancelled

* MisBits (after early access period)
# Jeremiah Pharms Jr.

Jeremiah Keith Pharms Jr. (born October 16, 1996) is an American professional football defensive tackle for the New England Patriots of the National Football League (NFL). He previously played for the Pittsburgh Maulers of the United States Football League. He played college football at Sacramento City, San Joaquin Delta, and Friends.
Pharms's father Jeremiah Pharms Sr. played college football at the University of Washington, and was on the 2000 team that won the Rose Bowl.

## Professional career

Pre-draft measurables :
| Height | Weight | Arm length | Hand span |
| 6 ft 1+1⁄2 in (1.87 m) | 274 lb (124 kg) | 31+1⁄2 in (0.80 m) | 9 in (0.23 m) |
| All values from Pro Day ||||

### Wichita Force

Pharms went undrafted in 2019, and played with the Wichita Force of the Champions Indoor Football League in 2021.

### Pittsburgh Maulers

He was then drafted by Pittsburgh Maulers of the USFL in 2022, recording 22 tackles and two sacks on the year.

### New England Patriots

Following the conclusion of the USFL season, Pharms signed with the New England Patriots on July 19, 2022. He was waived on August 30, and re-signed to the practice squad the next day. Pharms signed a reserve/future contract with New England on January 10, 2023.
On August 29, 2023, Pharms was waived by the Patriots and re-signed to the practice squad. He was signed to the active roster on November 4.
On February 11, 2025, Pharms signed a two-year contract extension with the Patriots.
# Robert de Warren

Robert de Warren (born 1933) is a British former ballet dancer, choreographer. He was the foundering director of the National Folklore Society of Iran (1971–1976). He was the artistic director of Northern Ballet in England for 11 years, and Sarasota Ballet of Florida for 13 years.

## Biography

Robert de Warren was born in 1933 in Montevideo, Uruguay to British parents, and his early years were spent in Montevideo and Argentina. His early dance training was in Uruguay, where he met his wife, Jacqueline, a French ballerina. de Warren studied at Sadler's Wells School (now the Royal Ballet School) in London, before joining National Ballet of Uruguay in 1954. He also danced ballet with the Covent Garden Opera Ballet (1958–1960), Stuttgart Ballet (1960–1962), and Frankfurt Ballet (1962–1964).

### Iran

De Warren was recommended by Ninette de Valois to become the Ballet Master and Choreographer to the National Ballet of Iran, where he worked from 1965–1970.
At that time the Minister of Culture asked de Warren to found the National Folklore Society of Iran, which he directed until 1978 - with Empress Farah Pahlavi as a patron. The performing dance company for the National Folklore Society of Iran was the Mahalli Dancers of Iran (also known as the Mahalli Folk Dance Troupe), which toured the world. The school, Iranian National and Folkloric Dance Academy, was associated with training the dancers, which he led. One of his students at the school was noted dancer Farzaneh Kaboli.

### Europe

De Warren joined the Northern Ballet in England in 1976, after the resignation of Laverne Meyer. He was the director of Northern Ballet from 1976 to 1987, and under his leadership he made fundamental changes to the company to emphasize classical ballet, and Rudolf Nureyev was made a regular guest artist.
De Warren was director of the Ballet at Teatro alla Scala Milan, from 1987 to 1994 on recommendation of Rudolf Nureyev.

### United States

De Warren joined the Sarasota Ballet as artistic director in 1994, succeeding Eddy Toussaint. He remained at the Sarasota Ballet for 13 years, leaving in 2007 with his role was filled by Ian Webb.
De Warren founded the Sarasota International Dance Festival. The proclamation of "Robert de Warren Day" on February 18, 2016 was made by the Vice Mayor of Sarasota, Suzanne Atwell, announcing this recognition of de Warren's 22 year contribution to the cultural life of Sarasota and beyond. The County Council also recognized Robert de Warren. His broad dedication to develop all performing arts was recognized through his many theatrical presentations in creating a repertoire that included the Sarasota Opera, the Sarasota Symphony, Sarasota Circus, the Ringling Museum of Art, to name but a few.
# Duke of Segovia

Duke of Segovia, named after the city of Segovia, was a substantive title. It was created on 23 June 1933 by King Alfonso XIII, as the reason for the Infante Jaime renounced his rights to the defunct Spanish throne for himself and his descendants. It does not include any territorial landholdings and does not produce any revenue for the title-holder.

## Dukes of Segovia
### First creation, 1933–1975

| Dukes | Portrait | Birth | Marriage(s) | Death |
| Infante Jaime House of Bourbon 1933–1975 | | 23 June 1908 Royal Palace of La Granja de San Ildefonso, Segovia, Spain son of King Alfonso XIII and Queen Victoria Eugenie of Battenberg | Emmanuelle de Dampierre 1935-1947 Charlotte Tiedemann 1949-1975 | 20 March 1975 Kantonsspital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland aged 66 |
# Pappu (film)

Pappu is a 1980 Indian Malayalam-language film, directed by Baby and produced by Raghu Kumar. The film stars Prathap Pothen, Seema, Sukumari and Jagathy Sreekumar. It is a remake of the 1964 Tamil film Server Sundaram. The film has musical score by K. J. Joy.

## Cast

* Prathap Pothen
* Seema
* Sukumari
* Jagathy Sreekumar
* Prathapachandran
* M. G. Soman
* Kaviyoor Ponnamma
* Adoor Bhasi
* Sreelatha Namboothiri
* Ravikumar
* Ravi

## Soundtrack

The music was composed by K. J. Joy.
| No. | Song | Singers | Lyrics |
| 1 | "Kurumozhi Koonthalil Vidarumo" | K. J. Yesudas, S. Janaki | Bichu Thirumala |
| 2 | "Madhumalar Thaalamenthum" | K. J. Yesudas | Bichu Thirumala |
| 3 | "Poo Poo Uthaapoo Kaayaampoo" | Vani Jairam, Chorus | Bichu Thirumala |
| 4 | "Pushyaraagam Nrithamadum" | P. Jayachandran, Vani Jairam | Bichu Thirumala |
| 5 | "Thathappenne Thanchathil Vaa" | P. Susheela, Pattom Sadan | Bichu Thirumala |
# Key party

Key party may refer to:
* Key party, a purported type of swinging event
* Key signing party, an event at which people present cryptographic keys to others in person for identity verification
* Key Party Records, a Japanese record label founded in 1997
* "Key Party" (Will & Grace), a 2004 television series episode
* "Key Party", a 2020 episode of Betty
* Key Party (Turkey), a political party in Turkey
# Voiceless retroflex trill

The voiceless retroflex trill is a sound that has been reported to occur as a diaphoneme of /ʂ/ in the Maldivian language. Although the tongue starts out in a sub-apical retroflex position, trilling involves the tip of the tongue and causes it to move forward to the alveolar ridge; this means that the retroflex trill gives a preceding vowel retroflex coloration the way other retroflex consonants do, but the vibration itself is not much different from an alveolar trill.
Wahgi has a similar trilled allophone of its lateral flap, [𝼈̥r̥].

## Features

Features of the voiceless retroflex trill:
* Its manner of articulation is trill, which means it is produced by directing air over an articulator so that it vibrates.
* Its place of articulation is retroflex, which prototypically means it is articulated subapical (with the tip of the tongue curled up), but more generally, it means that it is postalveolar without being palatalized. That is, besides the prototypical subapical articulation, the tongue can be apical (pointed) or, in some fricatives, laminal (flat).
* Its phonation is voiceless, which means it is produced without vibrations of the vocal cords. In some languages the vocal cords are actively separated, so it is always voiceless; in others the cords are lax, so that it may take on the voicing of adjacent sounds.
* It is an oral consonant, which means air is allowed to escape through the mouth only.
* It is a central consonant, which means it is produced by directing the airstream along the center of the tongue, rather than to the sides.
* Its airstream mechanism is pulmonic, which means it is articulated by pushing air solely with the intercostal muscles and abdominal muscles, as in most sounds.

## Occurrence

| Language | Language | Word | IPA | Meaning | Notes |
| Dhivehi | Addu | | /koɽ̊͜r̊ani/ | 'cutting' | May be a flap. Corresponds to /ʂ/ in other dialects. See Dhivehi phonology. |
# Joe Greene (long jumper)

Joseph Tilford Lee Greene (born February 17, 1967, at Wright-Patterson Air Base, Dayton, Ohio) is an American track and field athlete who competed mainly in the long jump.
Greene attended Stebbins High School in Riverside, a suburb of Dayton, and Ohio State University.
He competed for the United States in the 1992 Summer Olympics held in Barcelona, Spain in the long jump where he won the bronze medal. He repeated this performance four years later winning a second bronze in the Men's long jump at the 1996 Summer Olympics held in Atlanta, United States. Both competitions were won by Carl Lewis.
In August 2008, Greene's 1996 Olympic bronze medal was available for auction on eBay. Both the 1996 Atlanta and 1992 Barcelona bronze medals were also briefly seen on the History Channel show Pawn Stars.
# Killing of Zohra Shah

Zohra Shah (Urdu: زہرہ شاہ) was an eight-year-old Pakistani domestic slave of a married couple, Hassan Siddiqui and Umme Kulsoom. She was tortured and killed for mistakenly releasing her masters' parrots in Bahria Town, Rawalpindi on 1 June 2020. Her death caused an outcry in Pakistan and led to legislative changes which outlawed child domestic labour in the country.

## Early life

She was from Basti Maso Shah in Muzaffargarh District of southern Punjab approximately 580 kilometres (360 mi) from the capital, Islamabad.

## Murder

Allegedly, she was murdered for releasing valuable parrots from their cages. Evidence such as 'older scars and marks' suggest Shah had been repeatedly abused while working for Siddiqui and Kulsoom, and 'wounds on her thighs' were 'consistent with sexual assault'.

## Aftermath

Siddiqui and Kulsoom were arrested and put on judicial remand.