OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Peter Beal

Peter George Beal, FBA, FSA (16 April 1944 – 31 May 2024) was a British manuscript expert and indexer.

## Life and career

Educated at the University of Leeds, Beal worked in publishing as an editor before entering the auction house Sotheby's in 1980, where he was director of the department of printed books and manuscripts from 1996 to 2005. Beal's achievements at Sotheby’s were considerable. His achievements at Sotheby’s include: 1) catalogued the Duke and Duchess of Windsor’s papers for the sale of their entire estate; 2) cataloguing Winston Churchill’s papers ; 3) He working on the only letter written in Arabic, by Lawrence of Arabia; 4) cataloguing the papers of Ted Heath and other statesmen; 5) the papers of Alice Liddell (Lewis Carroll’s “Alice”), the Thomas Hardy collection of Fred Adams, papers and letters by Jane Austen, the Bronte sisters, Arthur Conan Doyle, Oscar Wilde, James Joyce and Samuel Beckett.
Beal was responsible for editing the Index of English Literary Manuscripts between 1966 and 1993. This was a project to produce a full catalogue of manuscripts of 128 key authors from the period; spanning 23,000 entries, it included authors with entries in The Concise Cambridge Bibliography of English Literature (1974). He supported an AHRC-funded project to digitise and update the index; this was launched in 2011.
In 1998, Beal was editor or co-editor of the British Library's series English Manuscript Studies, 1100–1700.
Beal was elected a fellow of the British Academy in 1993.
Beal was the Lyell Reader in Bibliography at the University of Oxford from 1995 to 1996. His lectures were titled "In Praise of Scribes: Manuscripts and Their Makers in Seventeenth-Century England". They were assessed at length in The Book Collector in 2000.
From 2002, he was a senior research fellow at the Institute of English Studies in the University of London.
In 2007, he was elected a fellow of the Society of Antiquaries of London.
In 2012 Essays in Honour of Peter Beal was published by the British Library.
Beal died from pneumonia on 31 May 2024, at the age of 80.

## Selected publications

* Index of English Literary Manuscripts, 1450–1700, 4 vols (London: Mansell, 1980–1993)
* In Praise of Scribes: Manuscripts and their Makers in Seventeenth-Century England (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998).
* Beal, Peter, and Grace Ioppolo. 2002. Manuscripts and Their Makers in the English Renaissance. London: British Library.
* Beal, Peter. 2007. New Texts and Discoveries in Early Modern English Manuscripts. London: British Library.
* (editor, with Grace Ioppolo) Elizabeth I and the Culture of Writing (London: British Library, 2007)
* A Dictionary of English Manuscript Terminology (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008)
* Discovering, Identifying and Editing Early Modern Manuscripts. 2013. London: British Library.
# Jhang–Chiniot Road

Jhang-Chiniot road (or Chiniot-Jhang road) is a provincial highway road in Punjab, Pakistan. The 81 km long road connects the cities of Jhang and Chiniot.

## Companies

Companies based along the road:
* Ramzan Sugar Mills, Bhawana

## Education

Educational institutions located on the road are:
* Chenab College, Chiniot (3 km besides the road)
* Chenab College, Jhang
* University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Jhang Campus
* Ghazali Inter College, Bhawana
* Govt. High School Rashida, Rashida (10 km from Chiniot )

## Populated places

Cities, towns and villages situated by this road are:
* Bhawana (major city)
* Chiniot (major city)
* Jamia Abad
* Jhang (major city)
* Kheiwa
* Rashida (village)
# Patuxent River Naval Air Museum

The Patuxent River Naval Air Museum is a museum at Lexington Park, Maryland, first opened in 1978, which preserves and interprets the Naval Air Station Patuxent River history and heritage of advancing US naval aviation technology with artifacts, photographs and film, documents, and related heritage memorabilia from Patuxent River and other naval stations. The museum is dedicated to those who have employed their talents in advancing naval aviation research, development, testing, and evaluation.

## History

In late 1974, a steering group was formed, which prepared the necessary incorporating papers and bylaws, and introduced legislation to the Maryland General Assembly. On 14 March 1975, the Naval Air Test and Evaluation Museum (NATEM) Association was approved and established as a non-profit, tax exempt organization in the State of Maryland. In 1976, the Navy provided the current building and grounds in Lexington Park, Maryland, and the museum opened its doors to the public in July 1978. In 1978, the Museum was recognized by the Secretary of the Navy as one of the ten official Navy museums. The museum later lost that official designation around 2016, due to federal budget restructuring.
In 2015, the museum acquired a mural that had been on display at the officer’s club of the neighboring naval air station.
On May 28, 2016, the museum opened a new building. In 2018, a new collections management facility was added.

## Facilities

The museum is composed of three buildings: A and B, which are exhibit galleries and C, which is used for collections storage.

## Aircraft on display

* AAI RQ-2 Pioneer 101
* BAE Systems Silver Fox 103
* Beechcraft PD-373 Texan II N8284M
* Beechcraft T-34B Mentor 140921
* Bell-Boeing MV-22B Osprey 164940
* Bell OH-58C Kiowa (Cockpit)
* Bell TH-1L Iroquois 157842
* Bell TR911X
* Boeing Vertol CH-46E Sea Knight 152578
* Boeing X-32B
* Curtiss A-1 (Replica)
* Douglas NF-6A Skyray 134764
* Grumman C-2A Greyhound 162142
* Grumman E-2B Hawkeye 152476
* Grumman EA-6B Prowler 158033
* Grumman F9F-8B Cougar 144275
* Grumman NF-14D Tomcat 161623
* Grumman NA-6E Intruder 156997
* Grumman S-2D Tracker 149240
* Gyrodyne QH-50D DASH DS-1679
* Honeywell RQ-16B T-Hawk II A11022
* Kaman CQ-24A K-MAX 169221
* Kaman SH-2G Seasprite 161642
* Lockheed C-130 Hercules (Cockpit)
* Lockheed S-3B Viking 159770
* Lockheed Martin X-35C 300
* LTV NA-7A Corsair II 152658
* McDonnell Douglas AV-8B Harrier II 161576
* McDonnell Douglas F-4J Phantom II 153071
* McDonnell Douglas F/A-18B Hornet 162885
* McDonnell Douglas NA-4M Skyhawk 155049
* McDonnell Douglas NF/A-18A Hornet 161353
* McDonnell Douglas T-45A Goshawk (Cockpit)
* Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21MF (Cockpit) 74 Red
* Navmar RQ-23 TigerShark XP
* North American RA-5C Vigilante 156643
* North American T-2C Buckeye 158320
* North American NT-39D Sabreliner 150987
* Northrop T-38A Talon 623625
* Northrop Grumman RQ-8A Fire Scout 166414
* Northrop Grumman X-47A Pegasus (Mockup)
* Sikorsky UH-3A Sea King 148038
* Sikorsky NCH-53A Sea Stallion 151686
# 12:51 (The Strokes song)

"12:51" is a song by American rock band the Strokes. It was released on October 6, 2003, as the first single from their second studio album, Room on Fire (2003). The track was written by Julian Casablancas and produced by Gordon Raphael. It peaked at number 7 on the UK Singles Chart.

## Critical reception

"12:51" received positive reviews from critics. Billboard's Wes Orshoski wrote of the song: "Julian Casablancas' sleepy vocals arrive in synch with a nerdy, very '80s keyboard [Nick Valensi's guitar] that sounds so much cooler than it probably should against guitarists Nick Valensi and Albert Hammond Jr.'s raw, fast strumming, the throbbing bass of Nikolai Fraiture and drummer Fabrizio Moretti's cool swing beat." AllMusic's Heather Phares wrote that "its whistling, synth-like guitars and handclaps are undeniably catchy, but at first, the song seems to be searching for a structure. Eventually, though, it becomes sneakily addictive -- it's a stealth pop song."
The song peaked at number 15 on the Billboard Alternative Songs chart.

## Music video

The music video for "12:51" was directed by Roman Coppola and was inspired by the 1982 film Tron.

## Personnel

* Julian Casablancas – vocals
* Nick Valensi – lead guitar
* Albert Hammond Jr. – rhythm guitar
* Nikolai Fraiture – bass
* Fabrizio Moretti – drums

## Charts

| Chart (2003) | Peak position |
| Canada (Nielsen SoundScan) | 30 |
| Ireland (IRMA) | 22 |
| Netherlands (Single Top 100) | 40 |
| Scotland (OCC) | 7 |
| Sweden (Sverigetopplistan) | 39 |
| UK Singles (OCC) | 7 |
| UK Indie (OCC) | 2 |
| US Alternative Airplay (Billboard) | 15 |
# Northern Wars

"Northern Wars" is a term used for a series of wars fought in northern and northeastern Europe from the 16th to the 18th century, primarily between the territorial rivals of the Swedish Empire, Tsardom of Russia, Poland–Lithuania, and Denmark–Norway. The Great Northern War is generally considered to have concluded the Northern Wars with the decline of Sweden and establishment of the Russian Empire as the principal power of the region, however there are different scholarly opinions on which war constitutes the First Northern War and an internationally agreed-on nomenclature for these wars has not yet been devised.

## Conflicts of the Northern Wars

Depending upon what date is chosen for the starting point, the Northern Wars comprise:
* The Russo-Swedish War (1554–1557), "First Northern War" according to Arvo Viljanti
* The Livonian War (1558–1583), "First Northern War" according to Klaus Zernack
** The Northern Seven Years' War (1563–1570), "First Northern War" according to some Polish historians
* The Russo-Polish War (1654–1667), also known as the "Thirteen Years' War"; "First Northern War" according to some Russian historians
* The Second Northern War (1655–1660), "First Northern War" according to traditional English, German, Russian and Scandinavian historiography, in Poland known as Swedish Deluge
* The Scanian War (1674–1679), also called "Swedish-Brandenburgian War" by German historians
* The Great Northern War (1700–1721), also "Third Northern War" or "Second Northern War"
# Costa Rica–Israel relations

Costa Rica–Israel relations are the bilateral relations between the Costa Rica and Israel.
Since 1963, Costa Rica has had an embassy in Israel, and since 1966, Israel has had embassy in Costa Rica. In 1968, Costa Rica and Israel agreed on a Mutual Visa exemption agreement. Costa Rica is considered as a very good friend of Israel.

## History

In 1947, Costa Rica is one of the countries to vote in favor the Partition Plan and the establishment of the Jewish State. In 1962, the President of Costa Rica Francisco Orlich Bolmarcich visited Israel for six days. In 1963, Costa Rica opened its embassy in Jerusalem, and both countries signed an cultural convention treaty. The cultural convention treaty was upgraded in 1973. In 1966, Israel opened its embassy in San José. In 1973, the President of Costa Rica José Figueres Ferrer visited Israel, and in 1977 the President of Israel Ephraim Katzir visited Costa Rica for three days. In 1980, Costa Rica moved its embassy to Tel Aviv due to international pressure of the UN Security Council Resolution 478. In 2015, a 20 Costa Ricans Parliamentarians launched a pro-Israel caucus. In 2023, the President of Costa Rica Rodrigo Chaves Robles said that Costa Rica will reconsider to return the embassy to Jerusalem form Tel Aviv.

## Economic relations

On 9 April 1995, Costa Rica and Israel signed a Trade and Economic Cooperation Agreement which entered into force on 28 March 1996. In 2023, the Israeli Ministry of Agriculture reduced regulations on import of pineapple form Costa Rica in order to reduce prices. On 29 March 2023, a memorandum of Understanding on negotiations for free trade agreement was signed between the Minister of Foreign Trade of Costa Rica, Manuel Tovar and the Minister of Economy and Industry of Israel, Nir Barkat.

## Jewish community

The Jewish community of Costa Rica is numbered with 2,500 and 3,000 Jews.
# James Culhane (rugby union)

James Culhane (born 22 October 2002) is an Irish rugby union player who plays as a back-row for Ireland national under-20 rugby union team and Leinster Rugby.

## Early life

Culhane started playing rugby for De La Salle Palmerston and also played for University College Dublin R.F.C. where he studies Engineering. He also represented Dublin for two years at association football in the Kennedy Cup.

## Career

He joined the Leinster academy ahead of the 2022-23 season. On 28 January 2023 he was included in the Leinster Rugby match day squad in the United Rugby Championship against Cardiff Rugby and made his first team debut off the bench. On 7 May 2024 he signed his first senior contract with Leinster Rugby.

## International career

He was a member of the 2022 Ireland U-20 Grand Slam winning side and was named player of the tournament, and won the man of the match awards against Wales and Italy. He also represented Emerging Ireland in late 2022.

## Style of play

His form during the Ireland U-20 grand slam winning team led to the Irish Times describing his play by saying his “carrying has been outstanding; the lines of running and footwork through contact have bamboozled physically bigger men.

## Personal life

Culhane is the son of Paul Culhane, a former captain of Ireland U-21s and Irish Universities. In April 2022 Culhane recovered from acute kidney failure and had to spend weeks in hospital, he said it came “from over-training and dehydration”.
# Moryella

Moryella is a Gram-positive, non-spore-forming, strictly anaerobic and non-motile bacterial genus from the family of Lachnospiraceae with one known species (Moryella indoligenes). Moryella indoligenes has been isolated from clinical specimens.
# 1999 Belgian Super Cup

The 1999 Belgian Supercup was a football match between the winners of the previous season's Belgian First Division and Belgian Cup competitions. The match was contested by Cup winners Lierse, and 1999–2000 Belgian First Division champions, Genk on 1 September 1999 at the ground of the league winners Genk, the Fenixstadium. Lierse won the cup after two late goals by Stein Huysegems.
Prior to the match, Genk coach Jos Heyligen criticised the timing of the match during the week of international matches, as five players in his squad were unavailable due to being called-up for their respective national team, namely Branko Strupar, Marc Hendrikx, Ferenc Horváth, Þórður Guðjónsson and Bjarni Guðjónsson. With several others injured, the Genk squad for the Super Cup included only 13 first team players together with four youngsters from the U23 squad. From Lierse side, absentees due to call-ups were Jurgen Cavens and Carl Hoefkens.

## Details

| Genk | Lierse |
| GK | István Brockhauser |
| RB | Daniel Kimoni |
| CB | Chris Van Geem |
| CB | Marc Vangronsveld (c) |
| LB | Jesper Jansson |
| RM | Stefan Teelen | 87' |
| CM | Wilfried Delbroek |
| CM | Besnik Hasi |
| LM | Ilir Caushllari |
| CF | Mike Origi |
| CF | Fábio Pereira | 66' |
| Substitutes: ||
| CF | Alexandre Di Gregorio | 66' |
| CM | Marco Ingrao | 87' |
| Manager: ||
| Jos Heyligen ||
| GK | Patrick Nys |
| RB | Steve Laeremans |
| CB | Eric Van Meir (c) |
| CB | Filip Daems |
| LB | Gela Shekiladze |
| RM | Frank Leen |
| CM | Hans Somers | 46' |
| CM | Tomasz Zdebel |
| LM | Coen Burg | 66' |
| CF | Dirk Huysmans | 58' |
| CF | Gert Peelman | 76' |
| Substitutes: ||
| CB | Jerry Poorters | 46' |
| CF | Robby Van de Weyer | 58' |
| CM | Karel Snoeckx | 66' |
| CF | Stein Huysegems | 76' |
| Manager: ||
| Walter Meeuws ||
# Marie (Japanese given name)

Marie or Marié (まりえ、マリエ) is a feminine Japanese given name. Occasionally the "e" is written with an acute accent or other diacritic to signify that it is pronounced, and to distinguish it from the etymologically unrelated French and English name Marie.

## Written forms

Marie can be written using different kanji characters and can mean:
* 真理恵, "truth, blessing"
* 万里江, "long distance, big river"
* 真理絵, "truth, picture"
* 万里絵, "long distance, picture"
* 麻理恵 , "hemp, reason, blessing"
The name can also be written in hiragana or katakana.

## People

* Marie Arai (荒井 万里絵, born 1981), Japanese figure skater
* Marié Digby (born 1983), American musician, singer, and songwriter
* Marie Helvin (born 1952), Japanese–American model
* Marie Iitoyo (飯豊 万理江, born 1998), Japanese model and actress
* Marie Kai (甲斐 まり恵, born 1980), Japanese actress
* Marie Kondo (近藤 麻理恵, born 1985), Japanese author, organizing consultant, and television presenter
* Marie Miyake (三宅 麻理恵, born 1985), Japanese voice actress
* Marie Mizuno (水野 麻里絵), Japanese voice actress
* Marie Yamaguchi (山口 真理恵, born 1989), Japanese rugby sevens player
* Marie Ueda (植田 真梨恵, born 1990), Japanese singer and songwriter

## Fictional characters

* Marie Gold (レスリー星人マリー・ゴールド), from Tokusou Sentai Dekaranger
* Marie Yamano, mother of Ban Yamano, a character in the game and anime series Little Battlers Experience
# John McLachlan (bishop)

John McLachlan (7 September 1826 – 16 January 1893) was a Scottish Roman Catholic clergyman who served as the Bishop of Galloway from 1878 to 1893.

## Life

Born in Glasgow, Scotland on 7 September 1826, he was ordained to the priesthood in Rome on 16 March 1850. He was appointed the Bishop of the Diocese of Galloway by the Holy See on 22 March 1878, and consecrated to the Episcopate on 23 May 1878. The principal consecrator was Archbishop Charles Petre Eyre of Glasgow, and the principal co-consecrators were Bishop James Chadwick of Hexham and Newcastle and Bishop John MacDonald of Aberdeen.
He died in office on 16 January 1893, aged 66. His Pontifical Mass of Requiem was celebrated at St Andrew's Cathedral in Dumfries after which his coffin was borne to the vaults beneath the church.
# Algérois

Algérois is a cultural region of the Maghreb, located in north-central Algeria.

## Geography

The region corresponds roughly to the following wilayas:
* Algiers Province
* Blida Province
* Médéa Province
* Boumerdès Province
* Tipaza Province
* Aïn Defla Province
* Chlef Province
* Tissemsilt Province
The capital of the region is the city of Algiers.
# Nancy L. Wayne

Nancy Lynne Wayne (born 1960) is an American physiologist, academic administrator, and researcher. She is professor of physiology at the David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, where she has been the principal investigator of a reproductive physiology lab, publishing research on the impact of environment signals and endocrine-disruptors on the reproductive system. She has also carried out notable work on sexism, professional development, and laboratory safety.

## Career

In 1992, Wayne joined the Department of Physiology at the David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA. She was principal investigator of a reproductive physiology laboratory and published over 50 peer-reviewed manuscripts, including investigations of the impact of endocrine-disrupting chemicals on embryonic development. Her research later shifted to the social sciences and gender issues, including an investigation of gender bias in leadership among medical students and the impact of gender, sports, and video gaming on driving skills of novice drivers.
Wayne was appointed in 2010 as UCLA Associate Vice Chancellor for Research with a laboratory safety portfolio (2010-2019) in the aftermath of a fatal chemistry accident. She guided UCLA, the UC System, and university members of the Association for Public and Land Grant Universities (APLU) to develop a greater culture of safety in its research and teaching laboratories. She was co-founder of the UC Center for Laboratory Safety, and served as its first Chair of the Advisory Board (2011-2019). The mission of the Center is to conduct and support research in laboratory safety and translate into best practices, communicate and engage with researchers and health & safety professionals on laboratory safety, and provide expert advice and consultation regarding laboratory safety.
In 2015, Wayne founded Women Advancing Together, a professional development company, which has provided workshops and consultations to help women advance their careers at over two dozen universities, conferences, and healthcare organizations including Yale, Cornell, and the University of Michigan.
In 2018, Wayne was awarded a one-year leadership fellowship from the American Council on Education (ACE), working at the University of Redlands under the mentorship of president Ralph Kuncl. In 2019, she continued her work at the University of Redlands with a one-year appointment as Deputy to the President for Strategic University Partnerships (2019-2020).
# Eupithecia ornea

Eupithecia ornea is a moth in the family Geometridae. It was described by Herbert Druce in 1893. It is known from Volcan de Chiriqui, Panama.
The wingspan is about 15 mm (6⁄10 in). The forewings and hindwings are pale brownish fawn, each crossed by indistinct pale lines.
# Sunarto

Ahmad Sunarto (born 18 May 1990) is an Indonesian professional footballer who plays as a winger for Liga Nusantara club NZR Sumbersari. He represented Indonesia at the 2013 Islamic Solidarity Games on home soil.

## International goals
### Under-23

| Goal | Date | Venue | Opponent | Score | Result | Competition |
| 1 | 25 September 2013 | Gelora Sriwijaya Stadium, Palembang, Indonesia | Palestine | 1–1 | 1–2 | 2013 ISG |

## Honours
### Club
#### Arema

* Indonesia Super League: 2009–10
* Menpora Cup: 2013
* Indonesian Inter Island Cup: 2014/15
* Indonesia President's Cup: 2017, 2019

### International
#### Indonesia U-23

* Islamic Solidarity Games Silver medal: 2013
# List of weapons of mass destruction by country

The following countries have either attempted to develop, actually built, or bought weapons of mass destruction, including biological, chemical, and nuclear weapons.

## List

Legend:
* C (Confirmed)
* S (Sharing)
* D (Developing)
* A (Attempted)
* P (Potential)
* F (Former)
* N (Never)
| Programs per country | Biological | Chemical | Nuclear |
| Albania | N | F | N |
| Algeria | N | N | A |
| Argentina | N | N | A |
| Australia | N | F | A |
| Brazil | N | N | A |
| Bulgaria | N | F | F |
| Canada | F | F | F |
| China | P | F | C |
| Egypt | N | C | N |
| France | F | F | C |
| Germany | F | F | S |
| India | N | F | C |
| Iran | N | F | D |
| Iraq | F | F | A |
| Israel | P | P | P |
| Italy | F | F | S |
| Japan | F | F | A |
| Kazakhstan | N | N | F |
| Libya | N | F | A |
| Mexico | N | N | A |
| Myanmar | N | P | P |
| Netherlands | N | F | S |
| North Korea | C | C | C |
| Pakistan | N | N | C |
| Philippines | N | N | A |
| Poland | N | N | F |
| Rhodesia | F | F | N |
| Romania | N | N | A |
| Russia | C | C | C |
| Saudi Arabia | N | N | P |
| South Africa | F | F | F |
| South Korea | N | N | A |
| Spain | N | N | A |
| Sweden | N | F | A |
| Switzerland | N | F | A |
| Syria | N | C | P |
| Taiwan | P | F | A |
| Ukraine | N | N | F |
| United Kingdom | F | F | C |
| United States | F | F | C |
# Abdul Sattaur

Abdul Fazil Sattaur (April 6, 1965 - September 18, 2023) was a Canadian cricketer who played as a wicketkeeper. Born in British Guiana, he played three One Day Internationals for Canada. He was sometimes referred to as Fazil Sattaur or Fazil Samad.