OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# GOtv

GOtv is a pay television terrestrial service in sub-Saharan Africa owned by broadcaster MultiChoice and launched on 5 September 2011. It mainly consists of African and international programming.

## History

The terrestrial TV service was founded in October 2011 by MultiChoice. It features news channels such as the BBC, Al Jazeera and CNN, sports channels such as SuperSport and ESPN, local & international content from Africa Magic and M-Net Movies among others, including free-to-air channels. It is currently available in countries such as Nigeria, Kenya, Namibia, Ghana, Malawi, Zambia, Mozambique and Uganda. The current director general of the company is John Ugbe.
In Kenya, one can use the GOtv Paybill Number 423655 to pay for their subscription via M-Pesa Make sure your GOtv decoder is turned on before making payment.

### Acquisition by Canal+ S.A.

Nearly a year later, on February 1, 2024, Canal+ made an offer to MultiChoice's investors to acquire remaining shares, subject to regulatory approval, offering a price of R105 per share, 40% higher than the price of R75 offered the previous day. MultiChoice rejected the offer believing it undervalued the company and following a reprimand by the Takeover Regulation Panel, Canal+ revised it's offer and upped it's bid to R125 per share, the share price was 67% higher than the MultiChoice share price.
In June 2024, Canal+ Group and MultiChoice released a joint circular with the French broadcaster that has obtained 45,2% of company shares with an interim board approving on the revised offer. Both companies made a filing to local regulators in September 2024 with the terms of the agreement remaining unchanged.
Under the deal, Canal+ will spin out MultiChoice SA's broadcasting licence which includes DStv as an independent entity to comply with the Electronic Communications Act, which prohibits foreign entities from owning more than 20%. New shareholders set to enter the transaction include Former Telkom's CEO Sipho Maseko's Afrifund Investment and businesswoman Sonja De Bruyn's Identity Partners that will form the entity known as LicenceCo to handle the operations in South Africa and give it 51% economic interest with the remaining 49% for Canal+.
# Litherland Town Hall

Litherland Town Hall is a former municipal building in Hatton Hill Road, Litherland, Merseyside, England. The structure, which was the headquarters of Litherland Urban District Council, now functions as a health centre.

## History

Following significant population growth, largely associated with its proximity to the Liverpool Docks, the area became an urban district in 1894. The new council initially based itself in offices at Summerhill Cottage before acquiring Litherland House in 1904. In the 1930s, civic leaders decided to commission a purpose-built town hall: the site they selected formed part of the open land alongside Field Lane which later became known as Hatton Hill Park.
The foundation stone for the new building was laid by the chairman of the council, Councillor J. W. Anderson, on 25 February 1939. It was designed by Gerald de Courcy Fraser in the Italianate style, built in red brick with stone dressings at a cost of £20,000 and was officially opened by the chairman of the council, Councillor John Eaton in February 1941. The design involved a symmetrical main frontage with nine bays facing southeast towards Sefton Road; the central bay featured a doorway flanked by pairs of pilasters supporting an entablature and a wrought-iron grill. There was a French door on the first floor. The other bays were fenestrated by square headed casement windows with architraves on the ground floor and by round headed windows on the first floor. Internally, the principal room was the main assembly hall which was equipped with a stage.
The Beatles, having just returned from Hamburg, performed in front of a live audience of 1,500 enthusiastic fans at the town hall on 27 December 1960, in what is regarded by some commentators as the birth of Beatlemania. The band performed 20 shows at the town hall including their final performance there in November 1961. The building continued to serve as the headquarters of Litherland Urban District Council but ceased to be the local seat of government when the enlarged Sefton Council was formed in 1974. It was then used as a community events centre until being converted into a health centre, under an initiative led by Lord Darzi to provide wider access to healthcare, in 2009.
# 1938 in Turkey

Events in the year 1938 in Turkey.

## Parliament

* 5th Parliament of Turkey

## Incumbents

* President
       Kemal Atatürk (up to 10 November)
       İsmet İnönü (from 10 November)
* Prime Minister – Celal Bayar

## Ruling party and the main opposition

* Ruling party – Republican People's Party (CHP)

## Cabinet

* 9th government of Turkey (up to 11 November)
* 10th government of Turkey (from 11 November)

## Events

* 31 March – First public statement about Atatürks's health
* 14 April – Konak Terminal a busy ferry terminal in İzmir was opened
* 19 April – 1938 Kırşehir earthquake
* 20 May – Atatürk's last national tour (to Mersin) He stressed on the Hatay republic problem
* 5 July – Turkish army in Hatay (by treaty)
* 2 September – The Hatay Republic was founded, Tayfur Sökmen was elected as the Hatay president
* 28 October – Ankara Radio began broadcasting
* 10 November – Atatürk died
* 11 November –
       İsmet İnönü was elected as the new president
       New government
* 31 December – By elections

## Births

* 1 January – Birol Pekel, footballer
* 1 January – Halit Akçatepe, actor
* 27 March – Kartal Tibet, actor
* 28 March – Genco Erkal, theatre actor
* 31 March – Ahmet Ayık, wrestler
* 17 May – Emine Işınsu, writer (died 2021)
* 12 June – Erol Sabancı, industrialist
* 1 July – Yalçın Küçük, writer, historian
* 20 July – Deniz Baykal, politician
* 1 October – Tunç Başaran, film director
* 10 November – Ogün Altıparmak, footballer
* 31 December – Berkant Akgürgen, singer

## Deaths

* 30 January -Mehmed Ziyaeddin (born in 1873), Ottoman dynasty member
* 13 March - Cevat Çobanlı (born in 1870), retired general
* 23 September - Kâzım İnanç (born in 1880), soldier, politician

## Gallery

* Kemal Atatürk
* İsmet İnönü
* Celal Bayar
* Tayfur Sökmen
* Tunç Başaran
* Mehmet Ziyaeddin
* Cavat Çobanlı
* Kazım İnanç
# Sypniewo, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship

Sypniewo is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Więcbork, within Sępólno County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. It lies approximately 12 kilometres (7 mi) west of Więcbork, 17 km (11 mi) south-west of Sępólno Krajeńskie, and 54 km (34 mi) north-west of Bydgoszcz.
# IUPAC nomenclature of chemistry

IUPAC nomenclature is a set of recommendations for naming chemical compounds and for describing chemistry and biochemistry in general. The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) is the international authority on chemical nomenclature and terminology.

## Use

IUPAC states that, "As one of its major activities, IUPAC develops Recommendations to establish unambiguous, uniform, and consistent nomenclature and terminology for specific scientific fields, usually presented as: glossaries of terms for specific chemical disciplines; definitions of terms relating to a group of properties; nomenclature of chemical compounds and their classes; terminology, symbols, and units in a specific field; classifications and uses of terms in a specific field; and conventions and standards of practice for presenting data in a specific field." Recommendations are published in IUPAC's journal, Pure and Applied Chemistry (PAC), the publicly available IUPAC Standards Online database, IUPAC Color Books, and other publications. PAC journal issues are freely available the year following publication.
The two IUPAC bodies that lead nomenclature and terminology efforts are Division VIII – Chemical Nomenclature and Structure Representation and the Interdivisional Committee on Terminology, Nomenclature, and Symbols.

## History

"Well being" of standardizing science by the nomenclature of scientific terms, measurements, and symbols was one of the primary reasons as to the founding of the organization. Before the creation of IUPAC, many other nomenclatures were proposed. The Geneva Nomenclature of 1892 was created as a result of many other meetings in the past, the first of which was established in 1860 by August Kekulé. Another entity called the International Association of Chemical Societies (IACS) existed, and on 1911, gave vital propositions the new one should address:
* Nomenclature of inorganic and organic chemistry;
* Standardization of atomic weights;
* Standardization of physical constants;
* Editing tables of properties of matter;
* Establishing a commission for the review of work;
* Standardization of the formats of publications;
* Measures required to prevent repetition of the same papers.
In 1919, a group of chemists created the IUPAC with this idea, as well as the purpose of unionizing scientists and strengthening the international trade of science. IUPAC celebrated its 100th anniversary in 2019 and continues to regulate scientific terminology today.
# Norf Norf

"Norf Norf" is a song recorded by American rapper Vince Staples for his debut double studio album, Summertime '06. It was produced by Clams Casino, and released on June 22, 2015 by ARTium Recordings and Def Jam Recordings. It did not peak in any major chart. It received widespread acclaim by critics and was placed on several year-end lists. In March 2023, the song was certified Platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA).

## Composition

"Norf Norf" is a hip hop song. It was described as "sonically grim", built over a "drone-like" section similar to a "monophonic guitar feedback".

## Reception
### Critical reception

The song received widespread acclaim by critics. The song was placed in several year-end lists, with Pitchfork placing it at number 19; Complex, at number 46; and The Fader, at number 20. Rob Sheffield of Rolling Stone named it his 12th favorite song of 2015. Paul Schrodt of Complex called it the best Vince Staples song.

### Controversy

The song received criticism from a woman, who heard the song on the radio with her 11-year-old daughter, and released a viral 11-minute video on the internet criticizing the song. In the video, she recited the song's lyrics, called the song "crap" and "filth", and criticized the song's chorus, "I ain't never run from nothing but the police". The video attracted backlash, which led Staples to defend the woman: "No person needs to be attacked for their opinion on what they see to be appropriate for their children"; he also said she was "clearly confused on the context of the song" and "emotionally unstable".

## Music video

The song's music video was released on July 17, 2015. It was filmed in black and white, and shows Staples with "an unfazed expression as he's taken on a seemingly routine trip from the back of a cop car", and "gets his mugshot taken, gets roughed up by cops, and gets thrown in a cell".
Eric Ducker of Rolling Stone named it the second best music video of 2015, and USA Today named it the seventh best.

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| New Zealand (RMNZ) | Platinum | 30,000$^‡$ |
| United States (RIAA) | Platinum | 1,000,000$^‡$ |
| $^‡$ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone. |||
# 1928 in Turkey

Events in the year 1928 in Turkey.

## Parliament

* 3rd Parliament of Turkey

## Incumbents

* President – Kemal Atatürk
* Prime Minister – İsmet İnönü

## Ruling party and the main opposition

* Ruling party – Republican People's Party (CHP)

## Cabinet

* 5th government of Turkey

## Events

* 3 February – First hutbe in Turkish
* 10 April – State declared secular. ( see Secularism in Turkey)
* 31 March – Earthquake around Torbalı (west Anatolia)
* 23 May – Turkish citizenship law
* 28 June – Nation schools (Turkish: Millet mektebi) a project to increase the literacy rate
* 26 June – An academic committee to research on the adoptation of Latin alphabet to Turkish language
* 9 August – Kemal Atatürk announced that Turkish alphabet (a version of Latin alphabet, devoid of q, w and x and with the addition of ç, ş, ğ, ı, ö and ü) will replace the traditional Arabic alphabet in Turkish language. This is considered as a major step in the modernization of Turkey)
* 3 November: Latin alphabet adopted.
* 1 December: Latin alphabet law takes effect.
* 10 December – Surname law (up to 1928 people had no surnames and instead of surnames their place of birth was in use)

## Births

* 6 January – İsmet Sezgin, politician (d. 2016)
* 28 February – Kuzgun Acar, sculptor (d. 1976)
* 5 April – Haldun Dormen, theatre actor
* 30 June – Orhan Boran, standup actor
* 16 August – Ara Güler, photographer
* 10 October – Leyla Gencer, operatic soprano (d. 2008)
* 11 October – Yıldız Kenter, theatre actress

## Gallery

* Kemal Atatürk
* İsmet İnönü
* Haldun Dormen
* Ara Güler
# Szczekarzewo

Szczekarzewo is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Skępe, within Lipno County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. It lies approximately 6 kilometres (4 mi) north-east of Skępe, 17 km (11 mi) east of Lipno, and 55 km (34 mi) east of Toruń.
# Arlington Outdoor Lab

The Phoebe Hall Knipling Outdoor Laboratory (usually called "the Arlington Outdoor Lab" or simply "Outdoor Lab") is a 225-acre (0.91km2) outdoor facility located in Fauquier County, Virginia. It is owned and operated by Arlington Outdoor Education Association, Inc. with funding from Arlington Public Schools with the aim of teaching urban students in Arlington County, Virginia science, outdoor skills, arts, and humanities in a natural setting. Its mascot is a spotted salamander.

## Facility

The Lab features a large pond, two small mountains, streams, a meadow, and forested areas. There is a main building for administration and meals, a classroom building for displaying local wildlife and teaching, bathroom facilities with running water, and an observatory for stargazing. There are also several wooden tent platforms and well established trails with bridges over streams. In 2010, the classroom building qualified for LEED Silver status.

## Usage

The Lab hosts four classes of Arlington County students a week, amounting to over 9,000 students a year. Activities vary by grade. Third graders will set up pulley mechanisms to hoist their classmates to study simple machines while seventh graders will collect specimens and test water quality in the Lab's streams. Fifth graders traditionally stay overnight at the lab in tents they erect themselves between hiking and lessons on ecology and biology utilizing local flora and fauna.
During the summer, the Lab hosts three week long summer camps. Throughout the year, the Lab will periodically host open houses where Arlington students and families can drive out and enjoy the amenities of the lab (fishing, canoeing, hiking, etc.) free of charge. The Lab also provides Eagle Scout projects for Arlington Boy Scouts.

## Funding

The Outdoor Lab is owned and operated by Arlington Outdoor Education Association, Inc. (AOEA), a public charity formed in 1967 for the purpose of maintaining the lab. Arlington Public Schools directly funds costs related to educational programs and the full-time staff are APS employees.

## History
### Civil War

The most significant activity was in June 1863 when Confederate General JEB Stuart led 4,200 troops through Glasscock Gap, which is on the Lab property, en route to Gettysburg. Stuart ultimately ended up arriving on the second day of the battle, too late to affect the Union victory. Evidence of the Civil War activity has been seen through artifacts found on the Lab property including: bullets, Union belt buckle, Confederate buttons and various other metal objects.

### Outdoor Lab Creation

The Arlington Outdoor Lab was founded in 1967.
# Jim Wilson (basketball)

James Wilson (born 1948) is an American former professional basketball player. He played in the American Basketball Association in six games for the Pittsburgh Condors during the 1970–71 season.
Wilson played in the Eastern Basketball Association (EBA) for the Cherry Hill Demons / Hazleton Hurricanes / Bits and Allentown Jets from 1971 to 1973.
# This Is Eggland

Professional ratings :
| Aggregate scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Metacritic | 72/100 |
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Drowned in Sound | 9/10 |
| musicOMH | |
| Pitchfork | 7.0/10 |
This Is Eggland is the fifth studio album by English punk rock band The Lovely Eggs. It was released in February 2018 under Egg Records.

## Critical reception

This Is Eggland was met with "generally favourable" reviews from critics. At Metacritic, which assigns a weighted average rating out of 100 to reviews from mainstream publications, this release received an average score of 72, based on 12 reviews.

### Accolades

| Publication | Accolade | Rank | Ref. |
| Louder Than War | Top 78 Albums of 2018 | 8 | |
| MusicOMH | Top 50 Albums of 2018 | 34 | |

## Charts

Chart performance for This Is Eggland :
| Chart (2018) | Peak position |
| UK Independent Albums (OCC) | 9 |
# San Marino nationality law

San Marino nationality law is contained in the provisions of the Law on Citizenship (2000) which was amended in 2004, 2016, 2019 and 2021 and in the relevant provisions of the San Marino Constitution. A person may be a citizen of San Marino through birth, descent or through naturalisation.

## Acquisition of citizenship
### At birth

Any child born within the territory of San Marino is automatically a citizen of San Marino if both parents were citizens of San Marino. In the case of only one parent being a citizen of San Marino, 12 months after the child turns 18, both of the parents must declare that the child wishes to choose the citizenship of the parent that is a citizen of San Marino.
Citizenship by birth can also happen if:
* The parents of the child born in San Marino are stateless.
* The child is found abandoned where both parents are unknown.

### By descent

Any child born outside of San Marino has a claim to citizenship if at least one of his/her parents are a citizen of San Marino.
The children of all San Marino citizens of 18 years of age, who permanently reside within the territory of San Marino for a minimum of 10 years, are eligible for citizenship.

### By naturalisation

Anyone with a valid residence permit who has lived in San Marino for 20 years can apply for naturalisation through the Grand and General Council provided they:
* Renounce their previous citizenship, as San Marino does not recognize dual citizenship.
* Have never been convicted of a criminal offence in San Marino or abroad.
* Have never received a prison sentence of more than 1 year.

## Loss of citizenship
### Voluntary

Voluntary renunciation of San Marino Citizenship is allowed under law provided it does not render the person stateless.

### Involuntary

San Marino citizenship is presumed to be lost when someone acquires foreign citizenship.
People who became citizens of San Marino through naturalisation may have their citizenship revoked if it was obtained by fraud, false representation or the concealment of any material fact.

## Dual citizenship

San Marino does not recognise dual citizenship and any citizen who obtains foreign citizenship loses their San Marino citizenship.
# Zelimkhan Abakarov

Zelimkhan Arsenovich Abakarov (Russian: Зелимхан Арсенович Абакаров; born 14 July 1993) is a Russian-born Albanian wrestler. He is a gold medalist at the 2022 World Wrestling Championships. He is the first wrestler representing Albania to win a gold medal at the World Wrestling Championships. He is also a gold medalist at the 2022 Mediterranean Games and a silver medalist at the 2021 Islamic Solidarity Games.

## Career

Abakarov won one of the bronze medals in his event at the Golden Grand Prix Ivan Yarygin 2022 held in Krasnoyarsk, Russia. He competed in the men's freestyle 61 kg and men's Greco-Roman 67 kg events at the 2022 European Wrestling Championships held in Budapest, Hungary.
Abakarov won the gold medal in the men's freestyle 65 kg event at the 2022 Mediterranean Games held in Oran, Algeria. He won the silver medal in his event at the 2021 Islamic Solidarity Games held in Konya, Turkey. He won the gold medal in the men's 57 kg event at the 2022 World Wrestling Championships held in Belgrade, Serbia.
Abakarov won the silver medal at the 2023 European Wrestling Championships in Zagreb, Croatia, losing 5–2 to Armenian Arsen Harutyunyan in the men's freestyle 61 kg final match. He beat German Niklas Stechele with a 10-0 technical superiority in the first round, Ukrainian Taras Markovych 6–2 in the quarterfinals and Georgian Shota Phartenadze 4–4 in the semifinals and reached the final with the advantage of the last point.
He won the silver medal in the men's 61 kg event at the 2024 European Wrestling Championships held in Bucharest, Romania. He competed in the men's freestyle 57 kg event at the 2024 Summer Olympics in Paris, France.

## Achievements

| Year | Tournament | Location | Result | Event |
| 2022 | Mediterranean Games | Oran, Algeria | 1st | Freestyle 65 kg |
| 2022 | Islamic Solidarity Games | Konya, Turkey | 2nd | Freestyle 65 kg |
| 2022 | World Championships | Belgrade, Serbia | 1st | Freestyle 57 kg |
| 2023 | European Championships | Zagreb, Croatia | 2nd | Freestyle 61 kg |
| 2023 | World Championships | Belgrade, Serbia | 3rd | Freestyle 57 kg |
| 2024 | European Championships | Bucharest, Romania | 2nd | Freestyle 61 kg |
# Davona Dale Stakes top three finishers and starters

This is a listing of the horses that finished in either first, second, or third place and the number of starters in the Davona Dale Stakes, an American Grade 2 race for three-year-old fillies at 9 furlongs (5,900 ft; 1,800 m) on dirt held at Gulfstream Park in Hallandale Beach, Florida. (List 1988-present)
| Year | Winner | Second | Third | Starters |
| 2015 | Ekati's Phaeton | Birdatthewire | Eskenformoney | 14 |
| 2014 | Onlyforyou | House Rules | Aurelia's Belle | ? |
| 2013 | Live Lively | Dreaming of Julia | Private Ensign | ? |
| 2012 | Yara | Grace Hall | Captivating Lass | 9 |
| 2011 | R Heat Lightning | Dancinginherdreams | Pomeroys Pistol | 8 |
| 2010 | Amen Hallelujah | Joanie's Catch | Mambo Fever | 8 |
| 2009 | Justwhistledixie | Casanova Move | Frolic's Dream | 8 |
| 2008 | Bsharpsonata | Game Face | Robbie's Gal | 6 |
| 2007 | Christmas Kid | High Again | Lisa M. | 8 |
| 2006 | Wait a While | Teammate | Wonder Lady Anne L. | 7 |
| 2005 | Sis City | In the Gold | Jill Robin L. | 6 |
| 2004 | Miss Coronado | Eye Dazzler | Society Selection | 7 |
| 2003 | Yell | Ivanavinalot | Gold Player | 5 |
| 2002 | Ms. Brookski | Colonial Glitter | French Satin | 9 |
| 2001 | Latour | Gold Mover | Courageous Maiden | 7 |
| 2000 | Cash Run | Regally Appealing | Secret Status | 9 |
| 1999 | Three Ring | Golden Temper | Gold From the West | 5 |
| 1998 | Diamond On the Run | Uanme | Dixie Melody | 10 |
| 1997 | Glitter Woman | City Band | Southern Playboy | 6 |
| 1996 | Plum Country | My Flag | La Rosa | 9 |
| 1995 | Mia's Hope | Minister Wife | Culver City | 6 |
| 1994 | Cut the Charm | She Rides Tonite | Delightful Bet | 8 |
| 1993 | Lunar Spook | Boot 'n Jackie | In Her Glory | 7 |
| 1992 | Miss Legality | November Snow | Spectacular Sue | 8 |
| 1991 | Fancy Ribbons | Hula Pride | Designated Dancer | 9 |
| 1990 | Big Pride | Crowned | Sonic Gray | 6 |
| 1989 | Waggley | Plate Queen | Ataentsic | 7 |
| 1988 # | Charming Tigress | Polar Wind | No Doublet | 8 |
| 1988 # | Cadillacing | Easter Mary | Saucey Missy | 9 |
A # indicates that the race was run in two divisions in 1988.
# Szczepankowo, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship

Szczepankowo is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Dąbrowa, within Mogilno County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. It lies approximately 17 kilometres (11 mi) north of Mogilno and 36 km (22 mi) south of Bydgoszcz.