OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Steven Erlanger

Steven J. Erlanger (born October 14, 1952, in Waterbury, Connecticut) is an American journalist who has reported from more than 120 countries. He is the chief diplomatic correspondent for Europe for The New York Times, having moved to Brussels in August 2017 after four years as the paper's bureau chief in London. Erlanger joined the Times in September 1987.

## Biography

Erlanger is the son of Jay and Florence Erlanger, both deceased. He is Jewish. Erlanger graduated from The Taft School in 1970.
After graduating magna cum laude, Phi Beta Kappa, from Harvard College in 1974 with an A.B. in political philosophy, Erlanger was a teaching fellow at Harvard from 1975 to 1983. Concurrent with this assignment, he was an editor and correspondent for The Boston Globe beginning in 1976, where he served on the national and foreign desks, covered the Iranian Revolution and Solidarity in Poland and was the European correspondent based in London from 1983 to 1987. He has written for numerous magazines, including The Spectator, The Economist, The New Republic, the Financial Times, New Statesman, Columbia Journalism Review, and The National Interest. France made him a Chevalier de la Légion d'Honneur for services to journalism at the end of 2013. He is also a governor of the Ditchley Foundation.
Erlanger's previous posts at The New York Times include:
* Metropolitan reporter (1987–1988)
* Southeast Asia correspondent and Bangkok bureau chief (October 1988 – May 1991)
* Moscow correspondent (March 1992 – 1994) and bureau chief (May 1994 – January 1996)
* Chief diplomatic correspondent, based in Washington (January 1996 – January 1999)
* Bureau chief for Central Europe and the Balkans, based in Prague (January 1999 – 2001)
* Berlin bureau chief (August 2001 – 2002)
* Cultural news editor (December 2002 – June 2004)
* Jerusalem bureau chief (2004–2008)
* Paris bureau chief (2008–2013)
* London bureau chief (2013–2017)
* Chief Diplomatic Correspondent for Europe (since 2017)
He is married to Elisabeth Erlanger.

## Awards

* 1981 – Robert Livingston Award for international reporting for a series of articles about Eastern Europe
* 2000 – German Marshall Fund's Peter Weitz Prize for excellence and originality in reporting and analyzing European and transatlantic affairs
* 2001 – ASNE's Jesse Laventhol Prize for Deadline Reporting-Individual for deadline reporting for his work in the former Yugoslavia
* 2002 – Shared Pulitzer Prize for Explanatory Reporting with other staffers of The New York Times for work on Al Qaeda
* 2013 – Chevalier of the Légion d'Honneur
* 2017 – Shared Pulitzer Prize for international reporting on Vladimir Putin's efforts to project Russia's power abroad.
* 2017 – Karl Klasen Journalists Prize for coverage of Germany and Europe and promoting trans-Atlantic understanding.
# Why Kings and Queens Don't Wear Crowns

Why Kings and Queens Don't Wear Crowns is a fairytale written by Princess Märtha Louise of Norway and released as a children's book in the US in 2005. The original version was released as a picture book in Norway in 2004.
The story is about the author's grandfather, King Olav V, when he first came from Denmark to Norway. It tells about how difficult it was to wear crowns while cross country skiing amongst other typical Norwegian winter activities. The illustrations in the book are made by the Norwegian artist Svein Nyhus.
Why Kings and Queens Don't Wear Crowns was a finalist for the 2005 INDIES Award for Children's Picture Books.
# Angier Goodwin

Angier Louis Goodwin (January 30, 1881 – June 20, 1975) was a United States Representative from Massachusetts.
Goodwin graduated from Colby College in 1902, and from Harvard Law School three years later. He was admitted to the Maine bar that same year and the Massachusetts bar in the next, and practiced law in Boston.
He became a member of the Melrose, Massachusetts Board of Aldermen in 1912, and served until 1914. Goodwin rejoined the board in 1916, and served four more years; he served as president in 1920. He was mayor of Melrose from 1921 to 1923.
Goodwin became a member of the Massachusetts State Guard and legal adviser to aid draft registrants during the First World War. He was a member of the Planning Board and chairman of the Board of Appeal in Melrose between 1923 and 1925.
He served in the Massachusetts House of Representatives from 1925 to 1928, and was a member of the Massachusetts Senate from 1929 to 1941, serving as Senate president in his last year. Goodwin was chairman of the Massachusetts Commission on Participation in the New York World's Fair in 1939 and 1940, and chairman of the Massachusetts Commission on Administration and Finance in 1942.
Goodwin was elected as a Republican to the Seventy-eighth and to the five succeeding Congresses (January 3, 1943 – January 3, 1955). Defeated for re-election to Congress in 1954, he was a member of the Massachusetts State Board of Tax Appeals from 1955 to 1960.
# Harry Meade

Harry Meade (born 4 July 1983) is a British eventing rider. In 2004 he was shortlisted for the Young Rider European Championships with the horse Midnight Dazzler. Representing Great Britain, he competed at the 2014 World Equestrian Games in Normandy, France, where he won a team silver medal. At the WEG, Meade and his mount Wild Lone finished the cross country course clear. When his horse was taken to cool down after completing the course, Wild Lone collapsed and died.
Harry is a son of Richard Meade, multiple Olympic gold medalist in eventing.

## Accidents and recovery

Meade has come back to compete after serious injury several times. In 2013, he shattered both elbows in a rotational fall at the Wellington Horse Trials, after which he thought he would never be able to compete again. In 2020, he broke his arm and suffered several serious injuries after falling at fence 3 in the CCI3* at the Thoresbury Park International. In the fall, his foot became caught in the stirrup and he was dragged at a gallop, where he was kicked repeatedly in the head before his foot was dislodged. He was later found to have suffered benign paroxysmal positional vertigo from the accident and underwent rehabilitation.
After recovery, he returned to competition. In 2024, he was ranked 5th in the FEI Eventing world athlete rankings.
# Kitty Lai

Kitty Lai Mei Han (Chinese: 黎美嫻, born October 19, 1966) is a Hong Kong retired actress and most notable for her performance in TVB drama series The New Heavenly Sword and Dragon Sabre (倚天屠龍記) as Chiu Man / Zhao Min (趙敏), and Two Most Honorable Knights (絕代雙驕) as Tit Sum-lan / Tie Sin Lan (鐵心蘭).

## Career

Kitty made her debut in 1985 after joining TVB acting class and was heavily promoted by TVB. At the age of 20, she quickly rose to fame and became a leading actress in several drama series including The Legend of Dik Ching(狄青) (TVB, 1986), The Ordeal Before the Revolution (賊公阿牛) (TVB, 1986), and The New Heavenly Sword and Dragon Sabre (倚天屠龍記)(TVB, 1986). She became one of TVB's Five Beauties and was regarded as the “Queen of Ancient Costumes” as she often appeared in TVB's period costume dramas.
Kitty stayed with TVB until 1991 and left to further her career in Taiwan, Singapore, Malaysia and the mainland China. In 2000, she retired from the acting career and started working for hospital Christian ministry.

## Personal life

Kitty converted to Christianity in 1996.
In 2005, Kitty married a pilot named Jackie Tse Hing-siu (謝興肇) of Cathay Pacific Airlines. Currently, Kitty is a full-time housewife and a volunteer for church and charity services. During her spare time, Kitty joins the Home of the Artists along with Ada Choi, Monica Chan, Noel Leung, and other actresses.

## Filmography
### TV Series

Before Dawn (愛在暴風的日子) (TVB, 1998)
The Land of the Condors (大地飛鷹) (TVB, 1992)
The Mystery of the Parchment (天龍奇俠) (TVB, 1990)
When Things Get Tough (午夜太陽) (TVB, 1990)
The Challenge of Life (人在邊緣) (TVB, 1990)
Blood of Good and Evil (我本善良) (TVB, 1990)
War Heroes (天變) (TVB, 1989)
Deadly Secret (連城訣) (TVB, 1989)
Yanky Boy (回到唐山) (TVB, 1989)
Mo Min Kap Sin Fung / File Noir (無冕急先鋒) (TVB, 1989)
Withered in the Wind (名門) (TVB, 1988)
Two Most Honorable Knights (絕代雙驕) (TVB, 1988)
Behind Silk Curtains (大都會) (TVB, 1988)
The Rise of a Kung Fu Master (南拳蔡李佛) (TVB, 1988)
The Legend of the Book and the Sword (書劍恩仇錄) (TVB, 1987)
New Heavenly Sword & Dragon Sabre (倚天屠龍記) (TVB, 1986)
Turn Around and Die (英雄故事) (TVB, 1986)
The Ordeal Before the Revolution (賊公阿牛) (TVB, 1986)
The Legend of Dik Ching (狄青) (TVB, 1986)
The Battle Among the Clans (大香港) (TVB, 1985)
# Bonaparte Archipelago

The Bonaparte Archipelago is a group of islands off the coast of Western Australia in the Kimberley region, within the Shire of Wyndham-East Kimberley. The closest inhabited place is Kalumburu located about 100 kilometres (62 mi) to the east of the island group. The archipelago was named by the Baudin expedition on 16 August 1801 after Napoleon Bonaparte, First Consul of France.
The archipelago is made up of the islands and islets lying off a stretch of 150 kilometres (93 mi) of coastline, roughly between Collier Bay to the south-west and Admiralty Gulf to the north-east, including islands in Admiralty Gulf itself. The islands are mostly small, and many are best described as islets or emergent rocks. They number several hundred in total. Several submerged banks and shoals are also found within the archipelago.
The largest island in the group is Augustus Island which has an area of 190 square kilometres (73 sq mi). Another significant island is the 3 ha (7.4 acres) Booby Island, which is classified as an Important Bird Area and Jungulu Island found just off-shore from Augustus Island.
Other islands in the group include Uwins Island, Coronation Island and Bigge Island.
# Osiek, Gmina Koronowo

Osiek is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Koronowo, within Bydgoszcz County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. It lies approximately 15 kilometres (9 mi) north-west of Koronowo and 33 km (21 mi) north-west of Bydgoszcz.
# Keith Lamb (musician)

Keith Lamb (born 9 January 1952) is an English-born Australian musician who was the lead singer and founding member of the 1970s glam rock band, Hush. He had been singing since the age of 10 years old, fronting English bands including Mr. Toad, The Case and Sleepy Talk. Mr. Toad supported UK acts including the Who and the Equals.
Lamb emigrated to Australia in 1970 with his school friend, Hush guitarist Robin Jackson.

## Career

Lamb co-wrote Hush's music with guitarist Les Gock. He was one of Australia's better known front men of the 1970s, along with Bon Scott. On the passing of Scott, Lamb was considered as a replacement for the AC/DC band. Lamb lived for performing and was heartbroken when Hush split up. He went on to produce the work of bands Airport, Larry, and the Keith Lamb Band, but none had the commercial success of Hush. He also produced the albums Pioneers (platinum) and Jesus Christ Superstar Choir Sing Carols. Lamb has mentored and supported many up-coming artists, including Sharon O'Neill. He appeared in the Australian musical Jesus Christ Superstar, as Anas the Priest.
Lamb also wrote songs for other artists and bands. With Alan Lancaster of Status Quo, Lamb co-wrote several songs for Status Quo between 1979 and 1983, including the top ten hits "Ol' Rag Blues", "Over the Edge", and "I Want the World to Know".
Falling into schizophrenia, Keith reconnected with a nurse and former fan whom assisted in setting back up a life in the community.
Lamb performs at solo gigs, such as the Lifeline Concert in Cairns. He remains involved creatively with music, art, and sculpture and is a business partner in the Bendigo embroidery company Rajmahal. He has two children and five grandchildren. Lamb is also the co-author of the party card game, The Art of Conversation.
He lives in Bendigo, Victoria.

## Countdown Spectacular

In 2006, Lamb performed with other members of his band, Hush, as part of the Countdown Spectacular Tour under the auspices of Michael Gudinski. The first tour was staged from June to August 2006. It featured mainly Australian artists and groups, some re-forming specially for the tour, plus several international artists now living in Australia.
# George Batchelor

George Keith Batchelor FRS (8 March 1920 – 30 March 2000) was an Australian applied mathematician and fluid dynamicist.
He was for many years a professor of applied mathematics in the University of Cambridge, and was founding head of the Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics (DAMTP). In 1956 he founded the influential Journal of Fluid Mechanics which he edited for some forty years. Prior to Cambridge he studied at Melbourne High School and University of Melbourne.
As an applied mathematician (and for some years at Cambridge a co-worker with Sir Geoffrey Taylor in the field of turbulent flow), he was a keen advocate of the need for physical understanding and sound experimental basis.
His An Introduction to Fluid Dynamics (CUP, 1967) is still considered a classic of the subject, and has been re-issued in the Cambridge Mathematical Library series, following strong current demand. Unusual for an 'elementary' textbook of that era, it presented a treatment in which the properties of a real viscous fluid were fully emphasised. He was elected a Foreign Honorary Member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1959.
The Batchelor Prize award, is named in his honour and is awarded every four years at the meeting of the International Congress on Theoretical and Applied Mechanics.
# Steyregg

Steyregg is a municipality in the district of Urfahr-Umgebung in the Austrian state of Upper Austria.

## History

The first settlements in the Steyregg area were established during the Neolithic period, as evidenced by archaeological excavations. A settlement in Windegg, dating back to around 6000 BC, was an important cultural and trade center along the Danube. Another significant site from around 3500 BC is located near the Pulgarn monastery.
Tafersheim
During the early Middle Ages, several villages emerged in strategically advantageous locations along the Danube, serving as key transshipment points for salt trade between the south and north. The name Taberesheim first appeared in 885, later evolving into variations like Tafersheim and Tabersheim. Initially, the Tafersheim area encompassed settlements on both sides of the Danube, including St. Peter and Zizlau. A church in Tafersheim, dated to 1111, is regarded as the predecessor of the current parish church in Steyregg. By the 17th century, the name Tafersheim became less common and eventually referred to the Steyregg hospital in the 19th century. After the hospital's demolition in 1936, the name Tafersheim faded from use.
Steyregg
Construction of a castle in Steyregg likely began around 1150, with the town's name first linked to the castrum Steyrheke. The castle was expanded over time and changed hands frequently. Steyregg gained market status in the 13th century and city rights in 1482, but remained overshadowed by Linz and influenced by nearby agricultural communities.
In the late 19th century, the Summerauer railway and a bridge over the Danube spurred modest growth. During World War II, the town's population faced hardships due to the nearby Hermann Göring works in Linz, which were bombed by the Allies. In recent decades, Steyregg became known for its environmental activism against heavy industry emissions. In the early 21st century, Schloss Steyregg was renovated after being vacant for 200 years. In 2007, the town hosted the Water Ski World Championships.
# Mass Rapid Transit Authority of Thailand

Mass Rapid Transit Authority of Thailand or MRTA (Thai: การรถไฟฟ้าขนส่งมวลชนแห่งประเทศไทย) is a state enterprise under the Ministry of Transport of Thailand. It is responsible for the operation of rapid transit systems in the Bangkok Metropolitan Region and including other provinces as defined by the royal decree. The MRTA was founded in 1992 and underwent restructuring in 2000. The MRTA currently oversees the operation of the MRT, which consists of the operational Blue Line, Purple Line, Yellow Line, and Pink Line. Other systems, including the Airport Rail Link, are owned and operated by other agencies.

## History

The Mass Rapid Transit Authority of Thailand was established in 1992 under the name Metropolitan Rapid Transit Authority, under the Royal Decree Establishment of the Metropolitan Rapid Transit Authority B.E. 2535, with the objective of organizing mass transportation systems in Bangkok and its vicinity by electric train.
On 1 December 2000, under the Mass Rapid Transit Authority of Thailand Act B.E. 2543, the name was changed to Mass Rapid Transit Authority of Thailand.
Under the act, the MRTA has the authority to designate "safe zones" to protect subway tunnels and underground structures and oversee the metro system as a whole. In addition, the MRTA is able to find income other than passenger fares and can develop real estate as necessary for the benefit of the electric train service and has the authority to operate the electric train business. The transit system may expand to other provinces as the royal decree authorizes.
# Iver Grunnet

Iver Grunnet (born March 9, 1952, in Tiset, Aarhus, Denmark) is a former Danish handball player who competed in the 1980 Summer Olympics. In 1980 he finished ninth with the Danish team in the Olympic tournament. He played three matches and scored three goals. In total he played 52 matches for the Danish national team scoring 58 goals.
He played club handball for the Copenhagen-based clubs Frederiksberg IF and Holte IF. With the latter he won Bronze medals in the Danish league in 1979/1980 season. He debuted for the Danish national team in October 1976 in a match against Norway.
After his playing career he was for a time the Chairperson of the Danish handball club Slagelse FH.
Grunnet was a high school teacher and principal at Slagelse Gymnasium after his playing career. He retired in 2017.
# Twelve Level Cap and Rank System

The Twelve Level Cap and Rank System (冠位十二階, Kan'i Jūnikai), established in 603, was the first of what would be several similar cap and rank systems established during the Asuka period of Japanese history. It was adapted from similar systems that were already in place in Sui dynasty China, Paekche and Goguryeo. The officials wore silk caps that were decorated with gold and silver, and a feather that indicated the official's rank. The ranks in the twelve level cap and rank system consisted of the greater and the lesser of each of the six Confucian virtues: virtue (徳, toku), benevolence (仁, jin), propriety (禮, rei), sincerity (信, shin), justice (義, gi) and knowledge (智, chi).
The twelve cap system was replaced in 647.

## Innovations

The primary distinction between this new system and the old kabane system by which a person's rank was determined based on heredity, was that the cap and rank system allowed for promotion based on merit and individual achievement. One of the more well known examples of promotion within the cap and rank system is that of Ono no Imoko. When Imoko was first sent as an envoy to the Sui court in 607, he was ranked Greater Propriety (5th rank), but he was eventually promoted to the top rank of Greater Virtue because of his achievements, particularly during his second trip to Sui in 608.

## Ranks and colors

The following table lists the various ranks and the colors that were believed to have been assigned to each one.
| Rank | Kanji | Romaji | English | Color |
| 1 | 大徳 | Daitoku | Greater Virtue | Deep Purple |
| 2 | 小徳 | Shōtoku | Lesser Virtue | Light Purple |
| 3 | 大仁 | Daijin | Greater Benevolence | Deep Blue |
| 4 | 小仁 | Shōjin | Lesser Benevolence | Light Blue |
| 5 | 大礼 | Dairei | Greater Propriety | Deep Red |
| 6 | 小礼 | Shōrei | Lesser Propriety | Light Red |
| 7 | 大信 | Daishin | Greater Sincerity | Deep Yellow |
| 8 | 小信 | Shōshin | Lesser Sincerity | Light Yellow |
| 9 | 大義 | Daigi | Greater Justice | Deep White |
| 10 | 小義 | Shōgi | Lesser Justice | Light White |
| 11 | 大智 | Daichi | Greater Knowledge | Deep Black |
| 12 | 小智 | Shōchi | Lesser Knowledge | Light Black |
# Osiek, Toruń County

Osiek is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Obrowo, within Toruń County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. It lies approximately 18 km (11 mi) south-east of Toruń.
# Ali Sarmini

Dr. Ali Sarmini (Arabic: علي سرميني 'ali Sarmyni), is a Syrian painter, best known for his work Quneitra on Remains painted on parts of an Israeli Air Force F-4 Phantom shot down over Syrian territories, in about 1972.

## Biography

Born in 1943, in Aleppo, Syria, he studied Fine Arts in University of Damascus, graduating in 1972, and where, two years later, he began lecturing in Fine Arts. Sarmini later achieved a doctorate in Fine Arts from the Berlin-Weißensee Academy of Arts in Germany. From 1981 to 1991 he was Vice-Dean, from 1993 to 2001, Dean of the Faculty of Fine Arts, at the University of Damascus. He attained a professorship degree in 1993.
Sarmini has exhibited internationally, including in Germany and Russia.

## "Quneitra on Remains"

Sarmini's three art work pieces (from different parts of an F-4 Phantom) were created in 1974, and were presented the same year to Syrian president Hafez al-Assad. It is believed that the Syrian president subsequently gifted one part to the USSRs ambassador to Syria, Nuratdin Muhitdinov, and another to US diplomat Henry Kissinger. The fate of the third piece was unknown until recently, when it was reported that it had been rediscovered in Moscow, and put up for auction. It was presented on 18 July 2007 to the Moscow House of Nationalities, by author and Syrian ambassador to Russia, Hasan Rische.
# Kolihapeltis

Kolihapeltis is a genus of trilobite that lived from the Early Devonian to the Middle Devonian. Its remains have been found in Africa and Europe.
# Blue–seven phenomenon

The blue–seven phenomenon is a social phenomenon in which a purported statistical majority of people in the US choose the color blue and number seven when asked to randomly select a color and a single digit number. The cause of the cognitive bias is not understood, though it has been posited that both colors and numbers are imbued with layers of significance.
The existence of the phenomenon has been disputed. Outside of the US, these preferences may not hold. In other countries, differences occur, particularly in Northern Ireland where a noted bias of green and eight results in a green–eight phenomenon.