OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Bush Creek East fire

The Bush Creek East fire was a wildfire in the Canadian province of British Columbia. The fire caused a major loss of structures and forced the evacuation of thousands of residents. The communities of Squilax, Lee Creek, Adams Lake, Scotch Creek, and Celista were heavily impacted by the fire. The fire was listed as "being held" in September 2023 at a size of 45,613 hectares (112,710 acres), and was declared out in December of 2023.

## Background

Western Canada has seen a climate change-induced warming and drying trend since the mid-2000s. The province of B.C. experienced major fire seasons in 2017, 2018, and 2021, with burned areas far exceeding yearly averages. Much of the province went into 2023 in drought conditions made worse by a hot, dry fall season in 2022 and lower than average snowfall over the winter. The Shuswap and Okanagan regions saw average temperatures of 2 degrees Celsius above normal during the summer, with extremely low amounts of precipitation.

## Ignition

The conflagration started as two separate fires, first detected on July 12, 2023. The first, Bush Creek East, started on a ridge near Bush Creek between Adams Lake and Sun Peaks to the west. The second, called Lower Adams Lake East, started on the steep eastern shores of Adams Lake. Both were assessed to by caused by lightning, the result of a series of thunderstorms that passed over the area on July 11 and 12.

### Spread and structure loss

The two fires experienced moderate spread for over a month, before spreading rapidly on August 19 and 20. A cold front caused strong 40 km/h winds from the north, causing a massive fire expansion. BC Wildfire officers reported a 20 km growth of the perimeter in 12 hours, a rate of growth "unheard of in B.C. wildfire activity". The expanded fire destroyed 270 structures in the North Shuswap area, with severe damages to the Little Shuswap Band, Scotch Creek, and Celista communities. 3500 properties were placed under evacuation orders. 174 buildings were lost in the Columbia-Shuswap Regional District, 9 in the Thompson-Nicola Regional District, and 85 in the Skwlax First Nation. The fire caused over 240 million Canadian dollars in insured damage.
# IPN

IPN may refer to:

## Payments

* Instant payment notification

## Chemistry

* Interpenetrating polymer network, form of chemical copolymer
* Isopropyl nitrate, a liquid monopropellant

## Industry

* IPN, a type of I-beam used on European standards

## Outer space

* Interplanetary Internet
* InterPlaNet
* InterPlanetary Network, a group of spacecraft equipped with gamma-ray burst detectors

## Medicine and anatomy

* Infectious pancreatic necrosis, disease in fish
* Interpeduncular nucleus, a region of the brain

## Other

* Index of Place Names in Great Britain
* World Bank's Inspection Panel of the World Bank Group
* Instytut Pamięci Narodowej (Institute of National Remembrance), a Polish historical research institute
* Instituto Pedro Nunes, technology transfer center of the University of Coimbra
* Instituto Politécnico Nacional (National Polytechnic Institute), Mexican university
* International Policy Network (1971–2011), former British think tank
* International Polio Network, former name of Post-Polio Health International
* IPN, IATA code for Usiminas Airport in Minas Gerais, Brazil
* International pitch notation, a method to specify musical pitch
# BushVision

BushVision was a free-to-air community television station based in Mount Gambier, South Australia. The station began broadcasting on 23 September 2005 on UHF 37 on a 12-month trial licence that was twice extended for a total of 18 months. From its original launch, BushVision had plans to broadcast nationally throughout regional Australia, using Mount Gambier as an initial testing area, but these plans were rejected by the Australian Communications and Media Authority. The station later closed on 4 March 2007 when their licence expired.
# Château de Conros

The Château de Conros is a medieval castle, later heavily modified, situated in Arpajon-sur-Cère in the Cantal département of France.
Robert d'Humières, grandfather of the present owners, was born here. He was a noted literary figure who translated the works of Rudyard Kipling into French.

## Description

Built by Astorg d'Aurillac in around 1130, the site occupies a rocky outcrop overlooking the Cère river. Later converted into a comfortable Renaissance dwelling, the château remains a family home. The gardens were redesigned in the 19th century.
The castle was recorded in 1230 as a super novo edificio, later as a repario, and in 1269 as a castrum.
The present building has several distinct parts: the north tower (the oldest), the south tower, a rectangular two-floored residence, a pavilion wing with lantern covering forming a dovecote. The whole is surmounted by another floor supported on corbels.
The château incorporates sections from various periods. There are elements from the 13th century in the cellars and ground floor and from the 15th century on the first floor. The bulk dates from the 16th century, with heavy remodelling in the 17th century to the upper floors, notably the Imperial dome.
* On the first floor is a 15th-century chimney from the Château de Branzac which is entirely painted. This chimney owes its decoration to artists brought from Italy by Camille Carracioli, a Neapolitan princess, wife of the lord of Branzac (1570).
* The staircase has landings opening onto the steps through two round arches jointly supported on columns with Doric or Ionic capitals. Each landing is covered by a rib vault.
The stone-covered roof has a surface area of 1200 m$^2$. There are 70 windows, some of which retain their 18th-century woodwork.
The Château de Conros is open to visitors. It was added to the list of monuments historiques by the French Ministry of Culture on 30 September 1991.
# Shogo Fukuda

Shogo Fukuda (福田 将吾, Fukuda Shōgo) is a Japanese basketball coach and a former player. He was college basketball coach of National Institute of Fitness and Sports in Kanoya, Westmont College, and St. John's University.
On 9 July 2016, Shogo signed with Yokohama B-Corsairs in the Japanese B.League for the 2019–20 season.

## Personal life

He earned a 3.64 grade point average (GPA) at St. John's University.

## Head coaching record

| Team | Year | G | W | L | W–L% | Finish | PG | PW | PL | PW–L% | Result |
| Yokohama B-Corsairs | 2019-20 | 9 | 3 | 6 | .333 | 5th in Central | - | - | - | – | - |
# Fort de Giromagny

Fort de Giromagny, also known as Fort Dorsner, was built near Belfort in northeastern France between 1875 and 1879. The fort forms the southern end of the defensive curtain of the Haute Moselle Region, abutting the fortified region of Belfort, which lies to its south. The Haute Moselle defenses form a link between the fortified encampments of Épinal and Belfort. The fort overlooks the main roads to the northeast of Belfort, which form a crossroads at Giromagny.
The fort was built as part of France's Séré de Rivières system of fortifications to defend France against a recurrence of the Prussian invasion of the 1870-71 Franco-Prussian War. The fort was among the most strongly armed forts in the northeast in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It received the first rotating armored turrets to be installed in a land fortification in France.
The fort's official name, Fort Dorsner, commemorates General Jean Philippe Raymond Dorsner, who fought in the French Revolutionary Wars and the Napoleonic Wars.

## Description

The trapezoidal fort is arranged to face to the north, its entry to the south. The pink sandstone walls enclose a court which contains a central block which in turn contained magazines and barracks, as well as two twin 155mm Mougin gun turrets, which constituted the fort's primary armament. It was originally furnished with a variety of guns on the ramparts, which were gradually reduced as the vulnerability of fixed gun emplacements in the open air became apparent. Six casemates were arranged for indirect fire, along with two satellite batteries. An optical signal post permitted communication with the Fort du Salbert to the south.
An 1890 modernization suppressed the casemates and replaced caponiers with counterscarps. Further modernizations saw the installation of electricity, three armored observation posts and detail improvements. More substantial changes, including the proposed installation of a 75mm gun turret were not carried out, but a shelter or abri-caverne for 100 soldiers was excavated. Portions of the fort were reinforced with concrete against shellfire during the First World War.

## History

In 1940 the fort was manned by the 7th Battery of the 159th Position Artillery Regiment (RAP), part of the fortified region of Belfort under the French 8th Army, Army Group 3. From 16 March 1940 the RF Belfort became the 44th Fortress Corps (CAF). During the Battle of France the Mougin turrets fired on German forces. After the armistice the Germans used Giromagny to make propaganda films purporting to show the capture of a Maginot Line fortification using flamethrowers on a turret before blowing it up with dynamite. The Germans reinforced the fort during the war, but blew up the entry on retreating in 1944.
Fort de Giromagny has been in the care of a preservation association since 1988. Visits may be arranged upon request.
# Canal du Centre (Belgium)

The Canal du Centre (French pronunciation:) is a canal in Wallonia, Belgium, which, with other canals, links the waterways of the Meuse and Scheldt rivers. It has a total length of 20.9 km (13.0 miles). It connects the artificial lake Grand Large near Nimy, with the Brussels–Charleroi Canal near Seneffe.

## Route

The canal begins in the west at Mons, and passes through the towns of Nimy, Obourg, Ville-sur-Haine, and Thieu. This section is 15 km (9.3 miles) long, and has a relief of 23.26 metres (76.3 feet). The canal climbs by means of six locks. There are five locks with a relief of 4.2 m (14 feet), and a final lock with a relief of 2.26 m (7 ft 5 in) at Thieu.
The next section of the original canal route between Thieu and Houdeng-Gœgnies climbs 66 metres (217 feet) over a distance of 6,790 m (22,280 feet), which is too steep a climb for canal locks. Therefore, this section contains four hydraulic boat lifts, dating from 1888 to 1917, which are now on the UNESCO World Heritage list (see Boat Lifts on the Canal du Centre). These lifts were designed by Edwin Clark of the British company Clark, Stansfield & Clark. For commercial traffic this stretch of the canal has, since 2002, been replaced by an enlarged parallel canal.

## History
### Old canal

For centuries, Belgian people had wanted an inland waterway to connect the Meuse and the Scheldt. However, the height difference of about 96 metres (315 ft) between the two rivers would require as many as 32 locks, which was not feasible. In 1879, the Ministry of Public Works adopted a proposal by Edwin Clark which used boat lifts instead of locks. The first lift (Houdeng-Gœgnies) was built between 1885 and 1888. It was inaugurated on June 4, 1888 by King Leopold II. The three other boat lifts were finally finished in 1917 and put into service in 1919. There were several reasons for this delay. From 1894 to 1911, the economic need for the canal was repeatedly called into question. Then in 1914, when the three lifts were practically finished, World War I began.

### New canal

The old canal could accommodate boats with a displacement of up to 350 tons. In 1957 the Belgian parliament passed a law providing for a major expansion of the canal, increasing the maximum displacement of a boat that could use the canal to 1,350 tonnes (1,490 tons). In the event, it was decided to alter the course of the canal rather than to enlarge it along the full extent of its existing length. A defining feature of the enlarged canal was the Strépy-Thieu boat lift which replaced the four smaller boat lifts and one or two locks which had been part of the former canal.
The Canal du Centre was opened to boats with a displacement of 1,350 tonnes in September 2002. Between 2000 and 2004 the annual ship transits increased from 1,531 to 4,041 while the tonnage carried increased from 282,000 to 1,513,000.
The lifts on the old parallel canal remain in position, having in 1998 been designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
# Osiek, Brodnica County

Osiek is a village in Brodnica County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Osiek. It lies approximately 10 kilometres (6 mi) south of Brodnica and 54 km (34 mi) east of Toruń.
# Slowwater elimia

The slowwater elimia (Elimia interveniens) is a species of freshwater snail with an operculum, aquatic gastropod mollusks in the family Pleuroceridae. This species is endemic to the United States.
# Kenta Chatani

Kenta Chatani (茶谷 健太, Chatani Kenta, born January 16, 1998) is a Japanese professional baseball Infielders for the Chiba Lotte Marines of Nippon Professional Baseball.

## Professional career
### Fukuoka SoftBank Hawks

On October 22, 2015, Chatani was drafted by the Fukuoka SoftBank Hawks in the 2015 Nippon Professional Baseball draft.
In 2016 season, he played in the Western League of NPB's minor leagues and played in informal matches against the Shikoku Island League Plus's teams.
On October 8, 2017, Chatani debuted in the Pacific League against the Tohoku Rakuten Golden Eagles, and recorded his first hit.
In 2018 season, he had no chance to play in the Pacific League. Fukuoka SoftBank Hawks offered Chatani a re-contract as a developmental player, but he declined. On November 4, Hawks has released him.

### Chiba Lotte Marines

On January 23, 2019, Chiba Lotte Marines has signed with Chatani as a developmental squad player.
In 2019 season, Chatani played in the Eastern League of NPB's minor leagues. On December 25, he signed a 5 million yen contract with the Chiba Lotte Marines as a registered player under control.
In 2020 season, Chatani finished the regular season in 31 games with a batting average of .063, a one hit, a one stolen base.
# Bert Emanuel Jr.

Bert Emanuel Jr. (born November 7, 2003) is an American football quarterback for the San Diego State Aztecs. He previously played for the Central Michigan Chippewas.

## Early life and high school

Emanuel grew up in Houston, Texas and attended Ridge Point High School. He was rated a three-star recruit and committed to play college football at Central Michigan over offers from Lamar, Abilene Christian, Army and Texas Southern.

## College career

During Emanuel's true freshman season in 2022, he played in four games and started one of them. He started the season as a backup quarterback before he started one game. He was named the Earl Campbell Tyler Rose Award National Player of the Week and MAC Offensive Player of the Week after his performance during the game against Buffalo where he completed one out of three passing attempts for 22 yards for 294 yards making it the fourth-most rushing yards in a game in program history and also averaged 12.2 yards per carry. He finished the season with playing 90 plays, 7.4 yards per carry, seven rushing touchdowns, 496 rushing yards, 67 carries, completed four out of eight passing attempts for 54 yards, averaged 124 rushing yards per game and having three runs of 60 yards or more in the four games he played in.
During the 2023 season, Emanuel was named to the Earl Campbell Tyler Rose Award Watch List and was named the MAC West Offensive Player of the Week after his performance during the Week 2 game against New Hampshire where he scored a 66-yard touchdown.
After entering the transfer portal, Emanuel Jr. committed to San Diego State.

### Statistics

| Season | Games | Games | Games | Passing | Passing | Passing | Passing | Passing | Passing | Passing | Passing | Rushing | Rushing | Rushing | Rushing |
| Season | GP | GS | Record | Cmp | Att | Pct | Yds | Avg | TD | INT | Rtg | Att | Yds | Avg | TD |
| Central Michigan Chippewas ||||||||||||||||
| 2022 | 4 | 1 | 0–1 | 4 | 8 | 50.0 | 54 | 6.8 | 0 | 0 | 106.7 | 67 | 496 | 7.4 | 7 |
| 2023 | 6 | 3 | 2–1 | 19 | 37 | 51.4 | 286 | 7.7 | 3 | 3 | 126.8 | 50 | 220 | 4.4 | 2 |
| 2024 | 3 | 0 | — | 4 | 6 | 66.7 | 99 | 16.5 | 2 | 0 | 315.3 | 28 | 128 | 4.6 | 3 |
| San Diego State Aztecs ||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 0 | 0 | — | 0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 |
| Career | 13 | 4 | 2–2 | 27 | 51 | 52.9 | 439 | 8.6 | 5 | 3 | 145.8 | 145 | 844 | 5.8 | 12 |

## Personal life

Emanuel is the son of former National Football League wide receiver, Bert Emanuel.
His cousins, Ben Emanuel, Derrick Johnson, and Dwight Johnson also played in the NFL. In addition, Former WMBA Basketball star Plenette Pierson is also a cousin. Closer to home his sisters, Sydni Emanuel and Cortni Emanuel played at the University of Georgia (softball) and Brittni Emanuel ran track at North Texas University.
# Ewald Fabian

Dr Ewald Fabian (4 November 1885, in Berlin – 17 February 1944, in New York City) was a German dentist who worked in Berlin in the 1930s. He was the editor of Der Sozialistische Arzt (The Socialist Doctor), organiser of Verbandes sozialistischer Aerzte in Deutschland and the Secretary of the International Socialist Medical Association.

## Biography

Originally a member of the Democratic Union, Fabian became a member of the Social Democratic Party in 1912.
In 1914, when war broke out, he was arrested by an Italian ship in Marseille as an enemy alien with military service while on a Mediterranean voyage. Until 1918 he was interned as a civilian prisoner in Carcassonne and Ajaccio and was then exchanged for illness in Switzerland. There he joined the anti-war movement. In 1919 he returned to Berlin, where he became a member of Spartacists, the USPD and the KPD. In 1926 he was expelled from the KPD. Later he joined the KPD-O. On November 23, 1931 he resigned as a founding member of the SAP at. From 1925 to 1933 he was secretary of the Association of Socialist Doctors and editor of the journal The Socialist Doctor.
After the Nazi seizure of power, Fabian was listed as an enemy of the state and arrested. He was set free with a bail from his sister and moved to Prague. With the Germany invasion of Czechoslovakia, Fabian fled to Paris, and eventually New York, where he lived until his death in 1944.

## Works and legacy

He is credited by Charles Brook with inspiring the formation of the Socialist Medical Association (later the Socialist Health Association) which played a prominent part in establishing the British National Health Service. He corresponded with and eventually met Dr Brook in 1930. Brook explains that Fabian was a man of heavy build and when he got in his fragile car, which was contemptuously referred to by his friends as “The Dung Cart,” the front passenger seat collapsed. The SMA later helped him by securing his release from a French internment camp at the beginning of the Second World War.
# Karl Mauss

Karl Mauss (17 May 1898 – 9 February 1959) was a German general during World War II. He commanded the 7th Panzer Division and was one of only 27 German military men to receive the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves, Swords and Diamonds.

## Career

Mauss volunteered for service in World War I in 1914 at the age of sixteen. He joined Lauenburger Jäger-Bataillon Nr. 9 of Ratzeburg, serving on the Western Front. In 1915, the youngest man in the division, he was awarded the Iron Cross, 2nd class as the best scout in the region during the Battle of the Somme. The following year, shortly after the transfer of his division to the Eastern Front, he received the Iron Cross, 1st class. Following World War I Mauss joined the paramilitary groups Freikorps Oberland and Marinebrigade Ehrhardt and fought against the Silesian Uprisings. Beginning in 1922, he studied dentistry at the University of Hamburg, attaining his doctorate in 1929 and opening a private dental practice. He re-enlisted in 1934, and reached the rank of major in April 1938.
At the start of the war, Mauss served with the 20th Motorized Infantry Division, with which he participated in the 1939 Invasion of Poland. In May 1940 his 10th Panzer Division took part in the Battle of France together with Heinz Guderian's XIX Army Corps. In the second phase of the campaign, Mauss participated in the battles against the French 7th Army.
Mauss took part in Operation Barbarossa, the invasion of the Soviet Union in June 1941. In November 1941, he was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross. In 1942 Mauss was promoted to colonel; he was awarded the Oak Leaves to the Knight's Cross in November, 1943. In January 1944 he took command of the 7th Panzer Division. On 23 October 1944 he received the Knight's Cross with Oak Leaves and Swords. In February 1945 he was seriously injured and had a leg amputated. He was promoted to General der Panzertruppe in April, and received the Knight's Cross with Oak Leaves, Swords, and Diamonds on 15 April 1945.
After the war Mauss worked as a dentist in his own practice. He died in 1959 following a lengthy illness.

## Awards

* Iron Cross (1914) 2nd Class (16 September 1915) & 1st Class (21 October 1916)
* Clasp to the Iron Cross (1939) 2nd Class (28 September 1939) & 1st Class (25 May 1940)
* German Cross in Gold on 11 March 1943 as Oberst in the Panzergrenadier-Regiment 33
* Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves, Swords and Diamonds
** Knight's Cross on 26 November 1941 as Oberstleutnant and commander of the II./Schützen-Regiment 69
** Oak Leaves on 24 November 1943 as Oberst and commander of the Panzergrenadier-Regiment 33
** Swords on 23 October 1944 as Generalmajor and commander of the 7. Panzer-Division
** Diamonds on 15 April 1945 as Generalleutnant and commander of the 7. Panzer-Division