# Metropolitan Borough of Sefton

The Metropolitan Borough of Sefton is a metropolitan borough of Merseyside, England. It was formed on 1 April 1974, by the amalgamation of the county boroughs of Bootle and Southport, the municipal borough of Crosby, the urban districts of Formby and Litherland, and part of West Lancashire Rural District. It consists of a coastal strip of land on the Irish Sea which extends from Southport in the north to Bootle in the south, and an inland part to Maghull in the south-east, bounded by the city of Liverpool to the south, the Metropolitan Borough of Knowsley to the south-east, and West Lancashire to the east.
It is named after Sefton, near Maghull. When the borough was created, a name was sought that would not unduly identify the borough with any of its constituent parts, particularly the former county boroughs of Bootle and Southport. The area had strong links with both the Earl of Sefton and the Earl of Derby, resident of Knowsley Hall, and the adjacent borough was subsequently named Knowsley. A Sefton Rural District covering some of the villages in the district existed from 1894 to 1932.

## Governance
### Liverpool City Region Combined Authority

The Metropolitan Borough of Sefton is one of the six constituent local government districts of the Liverpool City Region. Since 1 April 2014, some of the borough's responsibilities have been pooled with neighbouring authorities within the metropolitan area and subsumed into the Liverpool City Region Combined Authority.
The combined authority has effectively become the top-tier administrative body for the local governance of the city region and the leader of Sefton Council, along with the five other leaders from neighbouring local government districts, take strategic decisions over economic development, transport, employment and skills, tourism, culture, housing and physical infrastructure.
In July 2015, negotiations took place between the UK national government and the combined authority over a possible devolution deal to confer greater powers on the region, including whether to introduce an elected 'Metro Mayor' to oversee the entire metropolitan area.

### Historic controversy

The existence of Sefton has been an ongoing local controversy, especially in Southport, where local Members of Parliament (MPs) and councillors have campaigned for separation from Bootle and the possible inclusion of the town as a district in the non-metropolitan county of Lancashire. It was highlighted after the 2012 local government election that different regions in Sefton had vastly different socio-economic backgrounds and needs. There are high levels of poverty around the Bootle area and central Southport.

### Sefton Council composition

The council has 66 councillors, three for each of the borough's 22 wards:
* Ainsdale
* Birkdale · Blundellsands
* Cambridge · Church
* Derby · Dukes
* Ford
* Harington
* Kew
* Linacre · Litherland
* Manor · Meols · Molyneux
* Netherton and Orrell · Norwood
* Park
* Ravenmeols
* St. Oswald · Sudell
* Victoria
As of April 2021, the council is composed of 41 Labour councillors, 12 for The Liberal Democrat and Progressive Alliance Group, six Conservatives, and five for The Independents Group. There are two vacancies.

## Economy

The borough has a strong income from tourism, most of whom visit the Aintree Grand National, the most valuable horse race in Europe, Anthony Gormley's Another Place at Crosby Beach and Southport. Birkdale is also home to the Royal Birkdale Golf Club which has played host to the Open Championship, Ryder Cup, Walker Cup and Curtis Cup.
This is a chart of trend of regional gross value added of Sefton at current basic prices published (pp. 240–53) by Office for National Statistics with figures in millions of British Pounds Sterling.
| Year | Regional gross value added | Agriculture | Industry | Services |
| 1995 | 2,079 | 20 | 496 | 1,563 |
| 2000 | 2,500 | 8 | 468 | 2,024 |
| 2003 | 2,994 | 10 | 418 | 2,566 |
^ Components may not sum to totals due to rounding ^ includes hunting and forestry ^ includes energy and construction ^ includes financial intermediation services indirectly measured

## Demographics
### Ethnicity

| Ethnic Group | 2001 | 2001 | 2011 | 2011 |
| Ethnic Group | Number | % | Number | % |
| White: British | 273,536 | 96.67% | 259,629 | 94.83% |
| White: Irish | 2,665 | 0.94% | 2,312 | 0.84% |
| White: Gypsy or Irish Traveller | | | 120 | 0.04% |
| White: Other | 2,339 | 0.83% | 4,680 | 1.71% |
| White: Total | 278,540 | 98.44% | 266,741 | 97.43% |
| Asian or Asian British: Indian | 604 | 0.21% | 666 | 0.24% |
| Asian or Asian British: Pakistani | 181 | 0.06% | 127 | 0.04% |
| Asian or Asian British: Bangladeshi | 257 | 0.09% | 308 | 0.11% |
| Asian or Asian British: Chinese | 903 | 0.32% | 965 | 0.35% |
| Asian or Asian British: Other Asian | 173 | 0.06% | 653 | 0.24% |
| Asian or Asian British: Total | 2,118 | 0.75% | 2,719 | 0.99% |
| Black or Black British: African | 204 | 0.07% | 464 | 0.17% |
| Black or Black British: Caribbean | 173 | 0.06% | 223 | 0.08% |
| Black or Black British: Other Black | 61 | 0.02% | 109 | 0.04% |
| Black or Black British: Total | 438 | 0.15% | 796 | 0.29% |
| Mixed: White and Black Caribbean | 476 | 0.17% | 830 | 0.30% |
| Mixed: White and Black African | 234 | 0.08% | 488 | 0.18% |
| Mixed: White and Asian | 441 | 0.16% | 760 | 0.28% |
| Mixed: Other Mixed | 433 | 0.15% | 742 | 0.27% |
| Mixed: Total | 1,584 | 0.56% | 2,820 | 1.03% |
| Other: Arab | | | 327 | 0.12% |
| Other: Any other ethnic group | | | 387 | 0.14% |
| Other: Total | 278 | 0.10% | 714 | 0.26% |
| Black, Asian, and minority ethnic: Total | 4,418 | 1.56% | 7,049 | 2.57% |
| Total | 282,958 | 100.00% | 273,790 | 100.00% |

### Main languages

At the 2011 census, there were 265,010 usual residents of Sefton aged 3 or over whose main language was declared. The 10 most common main languages were as follows:
* English 259,820 (98.04%)
* Polish 1,579 (0.62%)
* Chinese 415 (0.16%)
* Portuguese 318 (0.12%)
* Latvian 252 (0.10%)
* Spanish 201 (0.08%)
* Lithuania 190 (0.07%)
* Arabic 158 (0.06%)
* Bengali (with Sylheti and Chittagonian) 142 (0.05%)
* Turkish 141 (0.05%)
1,794 (0.68%) usual residents over the age of 3 had a different main language to the above languages.

## Towns and villages in Sefton

* Ainsdale
* Aintree
* Birkdale
* Blowick
* Blundellsands
* Bootle
* Churchtown
* Crosby
* Crossens
* Ford
* Formby
* Hightown
* Hillside
* Ince Blundell
* Kennessee Green
* Litherland
* Little Altcar
* Little Crosby
* Lunt
* Lydiate
* Maghull
* Marshside
* Melling
* Netherton
* Orrell
* Seaforth
* Sefton
* Southport
* Thornton
* Waterloo
* Woodvale

## Parliamentary constituencies

* Bootle
* Sefton Central
* Southport

## Sister cities

Sefton is twinned with:
* Gdańsk, Poland (since 1993)
* Mons, Belgium

## Freedom of the Borough

The following people, military units and Organisations and Groups have received the Freedom of the Borough of Sefton.

### Individuals

* Donald "Ginger" McCain: 22 June 2004
* Jamie Carragher: 23 January 2006
* Alex Greenwood: 17 November 2022

### Military units

* 238 (Sefton) Squadron 156 Regiment Royal Corps of Transport: 6 March 1982
* 238 (Sefton) Squadron 156 (North-West) Transport Regiment Royal Logistic Corps (Volunteers): 13 April 2002
* RAF Woodvale: 3 July 2011
* HMS Mersey, RN: 17 November 2016.
* The Duke of Lancaster's Regiment: 20 June 2017

### Organisations and groups

* The Southport and Ormskirk Hospital NHS Trust: 27 May 2021

## Media

In terms of television, the area is served by BBC North West and ITV Granada broadcasting from the Winter Hill transmitter.
The borough is served by both BBC Radio Merseyside and BBC Radio Lancashire. Other radio stations including Heart North West, Smooth North West, Dune Radio, Hits Radio Liverpool, Hits Radio Lancashire, Greatest Hits Radio Liverpool & The North West and Greatest Hits Radio Lancashire.
The area is served by the regional newspapers the Lancashire Telegraph and the Liverpool Echo. Other local newspapers are The Southport Visiter and Southport Reporter.