# List of national capitals by population

This is a list of national capitals, ordered according to population. The population statistics given refer only to the official capital area, and do not include the wider metropolitan/urban district.

## Table

* Note: links for each location marked by an asterisk (*) go to the relevant list of cities. Where a list of cities is not available, the links go to the article on the country.
| Country / dependency | Capital | Population | % of country | Source |
| China * | Beijing | 21,542,000 | 1.5% | 2018 |
| Japan * | Tokyo | 14,094,034 | 11.3% | 2023 |
| Russia * | Moscow | 13,104,177 | 9.0% | 2023 |
| DR Congo * | Kinshasa | 12,691,000 | 13.2% | 2017 |
| Indonesia * | Jakarta | 10,562,088 | 3.9% | 2020 |
| Peru * | Lima | 10,151,000 | 30.1% | 2023 |
| Egypt * | Cairo | 10,107,125 | 9.3% | 2022 |
| South Korea * | Seoul | 9,508,451 | 18.3% | 2022 |
| Mexico | Mexico City | 9,209,944 | 7.3% | 2020 |
| United Kingdom * | London | 9,002,488 | 13.4% | 2020 |
| Bangladesh * | Dhaka | 8,906,039 | 5.3% | 2011 |
| Iran * | Tehran | 8,693,706 | 9.9% | 2016 |
| Thailand | Bangkok | 8,305,218 | 11.6% | 2010 |
| Vietnam | Hanoi | 8,053,663 | 8.3% | 2019 |
| Iraq * | Baghdad | 7,682,136 | 17.6% | 2021 |
| Saudi Arabia | Riyadh | 7,676,654 | 21.4% | 2018 |
| Hong Kong (China) | Hong Kong | 7,291,600 | 100% | 2022 |
| Colombia * | Bogotá | 7,181,469 | 13.9% | 2011 |
| Chile * | Santiago | 6,310,000 | 32.4% | 2012 |
| Turkey * | Ankara | 5,747,325 | 6.8% | 2021 |
| Singapore | Singapore | 5,917,600 | 100% | 2023 |
| Afghanistan * | Kabul | 4,601,789 | 11.5% | 2021 |
| Kenya | Nairobi | 4,397,073 | 8.3% | 2019 |
| Jordan | Amman | 4,061,150 | 36.4% | 2021 |
| Algeria * | Algiers | 3,915,811 | 8.9% | 2011 |
| Germany * | Berlin | 3,677,472 | 4.4% | 2021 |
| Spain * | Madrid | 3,305,408 | 7.0% | 2021 |
| Argentina * | Buenos Aires | 3,120,612 | 6.9% | 2022 |
| Ethiopia * | Addis Ababa | 3,040,740 | 2.5% | 2012 |
| Kuwait | Kuwait City | 2,989,000 | 70.3% | 2018 |
| Guatemala | Guatemala City | 2,934,841 | 16.7% | 2020 |
| South Africa | Pretoria | 2,921,488 | 4.9% | 2011 |
| Ukraine * | Kyiv | 2,920,873 | 6.7% | 2021 |
| North Korea * | Pyongyang | 2,870,000 | 11.1% | 2016 |
| Uzbekistan * | Tashkent | 2,860,600 | 8.4% | 2022 |
| Italy * | Rome | 2,761,632 | 4.7% | 2022 |
| Ecuador | Quito | 2,800,388 | 15.7% | 2020 |
| Cameroon | Yaoundé | 2,765,568 | 10.2% | 2015 |
| Zambia | Lusaka | 2,731,696 | 14.0% | 2020 |
| Sudan * | Khartoum | 2,682,431 | 5.9% | 2012 |
| Brazil * | Brasília | 2,648,532 | 1.2% | 2012 |
| Taiwan * | Taipei (de facto) | 2,608,332 | 10.9% | 2020 |
| Yemen | Sanaa | 2,575,347 | 7.8% | 2012 |
| Angola | Luanda | 2,571,861 | 7.5% | 2020 |
| Burkina Faso | Ouagadougou | 2,453,496 | 11.1% | 2019 |
| Ghana | Accra | 2,388,000 | 7.3% | 2017 |
| Somalia | Mogadishu | 2,388,000 | 14.0% | 2021 |
| Azerbaijan | Baku | 2,303,100 | 22.3% | 2022 |
| Cambodia | Phnom Penh | 2,281,951 | 13.8% | 2019 |
| Venezuela | Caracas | 2,245,744 | 8.0% | 2016 |
| France * | Paris | 2,139,907 | 3.3% | 2022 |
| Cuba | Havana | 2,132,183 | 18.9% | 2020 |
| Zimbabwe | Harare | 2,123,132 | 13.3% | 2012 |
| Syria | Damascus | 2,079,000 | 9.7% | 2019 |
| Belarus | Minsk | 1,996,553 | 20.8% | 2022 |
| Austria | Vienna | 1,962,779 | 22.0% | 2022 |
| Poland | Warsaw | 1,863,056 | 4.9% | 2021 |
| Philippines * | Manila | 1,846,513 | 1.6% | 2020 |
| Mali | Bamako | 1,809,106 | 8.3% | 2009 |
| Malaysia * | Kuala Lumpur | 1,782,500 | 5.3% | 2019 |
| Romania * | Bucharest | 1,716,983 | 8.9% | 2021 |
| Hungary * | Budapest | 1,706,851 | 17.6% | 2022 |
| Congo | Brazzaville | 1,696,392 | 29.1% | 2015 |
| Serbia * | Belgrade | 1,688,667 | 23.1% | 2021 |
| Uganda | Kampala | 1,680,600 | 3.7% | 2019 |
| Guinea | Conakry | 1,660,973 | 12.3% | 2014 |
| Kazakhstan * | Astana | 1,511,807 | 7.9% | 2024 |
| Mongolia | Ulaanbaatar | 1,466,125 | 43.8% | 2020 |
| Honduras | Tegucigalpa | 1,444,085 | 14.0% | 2021 |
| Senegal | Dakar | 1,438,725 | 8.5% | 2021 |
| Czech Republic * | Prague | 1,357,326 | 12.9% | 2023 |
| Niger * | Niamey | 1,334,984 | 5.3% | 2020 |
| Uruguay | Montevideo | 1,319,108 | 38.5% | 2011 |
| Bulgaria * | Sofia | 1,307,439 | 19.0% | 2021 |
| Oman | Muscat | 1,294,101 | 28.6% | 2021 |
| Madagascar | Antananarivo | 1,275,207 | 4.4% | 2018 |
| Nigeria | Abuja | 1,235,880 | 0.6% | 2011 |
| Georgia | Tbilisi | 1,201,769 | 32.0% | 2022 |
| Mauritania * | Nouakchott | 1,195,600 | 25.9% | 2019 |
| Qatar * | Doha | 1,186,023 | 44.1% | 2020 |
| Libya | Tripoli | 1,170,000 | 17.4% | 2019 |
| Myanmar | Naypyidaw | 1,160,242 | 2.2% | 2014 |
| Rwanda | Kigali | 1,132,686 | 8.4% | 2012 |
| Mozambique | Maputo | 1,124,988 | 3.5% | 2020 |
| Dominican Republic | Santo Domingo | 1,111,838 | 10.0% | 2010 |
| Armenia * | Yerevan | 1,096,100 | 39.3% | 2021 |
| Kyrgyzstan | Bishkek | 1,074,075 | 16.5% | 2021 |
| Sierra Leone | Freetown | 1,055,964 | 12.5% | 2015 |
| Nicaragua | Managua | 1,055,247 | 15.4% | 2020 |
| Canada * | Ottawa | 1,017,449 | 2.7% | 2021 |
| Pakistan * | Islamabad | 1,014,825 | 0.4% | 2017 |
| Liberia | Monrovia | 1,010,970 | 19.5% | 2008 |
| United Arab Emirates | Abu Dhabi | 1,010,092 | 10.8% | 2020 |
| Malawi | Lilongwe | 989,318 | 5.0% | 2018 |
| Haiti | Port-au-Prince | 987,310 | 8.6% | 2015 |
| Sweden * | Stockholm | 978,770 | 9.4% | 2021 |
| Eritrea | Asmara | 963,000 | 26.6% | 2020 |
| Israel * | Jerusalem | 936,425 | 10.5% | 2019 |
| Laos | Vientiane | 927,724 | 12.5% | 2019 |
| Chad | N'Djamena | 916,000 | 5.3% | 2009 |
| Netherlands * | Amsterdam | 905,234 | 5.2% | 2022 |
| Central African Republic | Bangui | 889,231 | 16.3% | 2020 |
| Panama | Panama City | 880,691 | 20.2% | 2013 |
| Tajikistan * | Dushanbe | 863,400 | 8.9% | 2020 |
| Nepal * | Kathmandu | 845,767 | 2.8% | 2021 |
| Togo | Lomé | 837,437 | 9.7% | 2010 |
| Turkmenistan | Ashgabat | 791,000 | 12.5% | 2017 |
| Moldova | Chişinău | 779,300 | 25.5% | 2019 |
| Croatia * | Zagreb | 769,944 | 19.0% | 2021 |
| Gabon * | Libreville | 703,904 | 30.1% | 2013 |
| Norway * | Oslo | 697,010 | 12.9% | 2021 |
| Macau (China) | Macau | 671,900 | 100% | 2022 |
| United States * | Washington, D.C. | 670,050 | 0.2% | 2021 |
| Jamaica | Kingston | 662,491 | 23.4% | 2019 |
| Finland * | Helsinki | 658,864 | 11.9% | 2021 |
| Tunisia | Tunis | 638,845 | 5.2% | 2014 |
| Denmark * | Copenhagen | 638,117 | 10.9% | 2021 |
| Greece * | Athens | 637,798 | 6.1% | 2021 |
| Latvia * | Riga | 605,802 | 32.3% | 2021 |
| Djibouti | Djibouti City | 604,013 | 54.6% | 2012 |
| Ireland * | Dublin | 588,233 | 11.8% | 2022 |
| Morocco | Rabat | 577,827 | 1.6% | 2014 |
| Lithuania | Vilnius | 576,195 | 20.7% | 2022 |
| El Salvador | San Salvador | 570,459 | 9.0% | 2019 |
| Albania | Tirana | 557,422 | 19.5% | 2011 |
| North Macedonia | Skopje | 544,086 | 25.9% | 2015 |
| South Sudan * | Juba | 525,953 | 4.9% | 2017 |
| Paraguay | Asunción | 521,559 | 7.8% | 2020 |
| Portugal * | Lisbon | 509,614 | 5.0% | 2020 |
| Guinea-Bissau | Bissau | 492,004 | 23.9% | 2015 |
| Slovakia | Bratislava | 440,948 | 8.1% | 2020 |
| Estonia * | Tallinn | 438,341 | 33.0% | 2021 |
| Australia * | Canberra | 431,380 | 1.7% | 2020 |
| Namibia | Windhoek | 431,000 | 17.0% | 2020 |
| Tanzania | Dodoma | 410,956 | 0.6% | 2012 |
| Papua New Guinea * | Port Moresby | 364,145 | 3.7% | 2011 |
| Ivory Coast | Yamoussoukro | 361,893 | 1.3% | 2020 |
| Lebanon | Beirut | 361,366 | 6.5% | 2014 |
| Bolivia | Sucre | 360,544 | 3.0% | 2022 |
| Puerto Rico (US) | San Juan | 342,259 | 10.5% | 2020 |
| Costa Rica | San José | 342,188 | 6.6% | 2018 |
| Lesotho | Maseru | 330,760 | 14.5% | 2016 |
| Cyprus | Nicosia | 326,739 | 26.3% | 2016 |
| Equatorial Guinea * | Malabo | 297,000 | 18.2% | 2018 |
| Slovenia * | Ljubljana | 285,604 | 13.5% | 2021 |
| Timor-Leste | Dili | 277,279 | 21.0% | 2015 |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | Sarajevo | 275,524 | 8.4% | 2013 |
| Bahamas | Nassau | 274,400 | 67.3% | 2016 |
| Botswana | Gaborone | 273,602 | 10.6% | 2020 |
| Benin | Porto-Novo | 264,320 | 2.0% | 2013 |
| India * | New Delhi | 249,998 | 0.0% | 2011 |
| Suriname | Paramaribo | 240,924 | 39.3% | 2012 |
| Kosovo * | Pristina | 227,466 | 14.3% | 2024 |
| Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic | Laayoune (claimed) Tifariti (de facto) | 217,732 3,000 | — | 2014 |
| New Zealand * | Wellington | 217,000 | 4.2% | 2021 |
| Maldives * | Malé | 211,908 | 40.6% | 2022 |
| Bahrain | Manama | 200,000 | 13.7% | 2020 |
| Montenegro * | Podgorica | 190,488 | 30.3% | 2020 |
| Belgium | Brussels | 187,686 | 1.6% | 2022 |
| Cape Verde | Praia | 159,050 | 27.1% | 2017 |
| Mauritius | Port Louis | 147,066 | 11.3% | 2018 |
| Curaçao (Netherlands) | Willemstad | 136,660 | 71.8% | 2011 |
| Luxembourg * | Luxembourg City | 136,208 | 21.3% | 2025 |
| Burundi | Gitega | 135,467 | 1.1% | 2020 |
| Switzerland * | Bern (de facto) | 134,591 | 1.5% | 2020 |
| Transnistria | Tiraspol | 133,807 | 38.5% | 2015 |
| Iceland * | Reykjavík | 133,262 | 36.0% | 2021 |
| Guyana | Georgetown | 118,363 | 14.7% | 2012 |
| Bhutan | Thimphu | 114,551 | 14.7% | 2017 |
| Comoros | Moroni | 111,326 | 13.5% | 2016 |
| Barbados | Bridgetown | 110,000 | 39.1% | 2014 |
| Sri Lanka | Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte | 107,925 | 0.5% | 2012 |
| Brunei | Bandar Seri Begawan | 100,700 | 22.6% | 2007 |
| Eswatini | Mbabane | 94,874 | 8.0% | 2010 |
| New Caledonia (France) | Nouméa | 94,285 | 32.8% | 2019 |
| Fiji | Suva | 93,970 | 10.2% | 2017 |
| Solomon Islands | Honiara | 92,344 | 13.0% | 2021 |
| Gambia | Banjul | 73,000 | 2.8% | 2013 |
| São Tomé and Príncipe | São Tomé | 71,868 | 32.2% | 2015 |
| Kiribati | Tarawa | 70,480 | 54.7% | 2020 |
| Vanuatu | Port Vila | 51,437 | 16.1% | 2016 |
| Northern Mariana Islands (USA) | Saipan | 47,565 | 96.1% | 2017 |
| Samoa | Apia | 41,611 | 19.0% | 2021 |
| Palestine | Ramallah (de facto) | 38,998 | 0.8% | 2017 |
| Monaco | Monaco | 38,350 | 100% | 2020 |
| Jersey (UK) | Saint Helier | 37,540 | 34.2% | 2018 |
| Trinidad and Tobago | Port of Spain | 37,074 | 2.4% | 2011 |
| Cayman Islands (UK) | George Town | 34,399 | 50.5% | 2021 |
| Gibraltar (UK) | Gibraltar | 34,003 | 100% | 2020 |
| Grenada | St. George's | 33,734 | 27.1% | 2012 |
| Aruba (Netherlands) | Oranjestad | 28,294 | 26.6% | 2010 |
| Isle of Man (UK) | Douglas | 27,938 | 33.2% | 2011 |
| Marshall Islands | Majuro | 27,797 | 66.1% | 2011 |
| Tonga | Nukuʻalofa | 27,600 | 26.0% | 2022 |
| Seychelles | Victoria | 26,450 | 24.8% | 2010 |
| French Polynesia (France) | Papeete | 26,926 | 8.9% | 2017 |
| Andorra | Andorra la Vella | 22,873 | 28.9% | 2022 |
| Faroe Islands * (Denmark) | Tórshavn | 22,738 | 43.0% | 2022 |
| Antigua and Barbuda * | St. John's | 22,219 | 23.8% | 2011 |
| Belize | Belmopan | 20,621 | 5.2% | 2016 |
| Saint Lucia | Castries | 20,000 | 11.1% | 2013 |
| Guernsey (UK) | Saint Peter Port | 18,958 | 30.1% | 2019 |
| Greenland (Denmark) | Nuuk | 18,800 | 33.4% | 2021 |
| Dominica | Roseau | 14,725 | 20.3% | 2011 |
| U.S. Virgin Islands (US) | Charlotte Amalie | 14,477 | 14.5% | 2020 |
| Saint Kitts and Nevis | Basseterre | 14,000 | 29.4% | 2018 |
| Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | Kingstown | 12,909 | 12.4% | 2012 |
| British Virgin Islands (UK) | Road Town | 12,603 | 40.5% | 2012 |
| Åland (Finland) | Mariehamn | 11,736 | 39.0% | 2021 |
| Micronesia | Palikir | 6,647 | 5.9% | 2010 |
| Tuvalu | Funafuti | 6,320 | 56.4% | 2017 |
| Malta | Valletta | 5,827 | 1.1% | 2019 |
| Liechtenstein | Vaduz | 5,774 | 14.8% | 2021 |
| Saint Pierre and Miquelon (France) | Saint-Pierre | 5,394 | 91.7% | 2019 |
| Cook Islands | Avarua | 4,906 | 28.9% | 2016 |
| San Marino | City of San Marino | 4,061 | 12.0% | 2021 |
| Turks and Caicos Islands (UK) | Cockburn Town | 3,720 | 8.2% | 2016 |
| American Samoa (USA) | Pago Pago | 3,656 | 8.1% | 2010 |
| Saint Martin (France) | Marigot | 3,229 | 10.1% | 2017 |
| Saint Barthélemy (France) | Gustavia | 2,615 | 24.1% | 2010 |
| Falkland Islands (UK) | Stanley | 2,460 | 65.4% | 2016 |
| Svalbard (Norway) | Longyearbyen | 2,417 | 82.2% | 2020 |
| Sint Maarten (Netherlands) | Philipsburg | 1,894 | 4.3% | 2011 |
| Christmas Island (Australia) | Flying Fish Cove | 1,599 | 86.8% | 2016 |
| Anguilla (UK) | The Valley | 1,067 | 6.8% | 2011 |
| Guam (US) | Hagåtña | 1,051 | 0.6% | 2010 |
| Wallis and Futuna (France) | Mata Utu | 1,029 | 8.9% | 2018 |
| Bermuda (UK) | Hamilton | 854 | 1.3% | 2016 |
| Nauru | Yaren (de facto) | 747 | 6.0% | 2011 |
| Saint Helena (UK) | Jamestown | 629 | 11.6% | 2016 |
| Niue | Alofi | 597 | 30.8% | 2017 |
| Tokelau (NZ) | Atafu | 541 | 29.3% | 2016 |
| Vatican City | Vatican City | 764 | 100% | 2023 |
| Montserrat (UK) | Brades (de facto) Plymouth (de jure) | 449 0 | — | 2011 |
| Norfolk Island (Australia) | Kingston | 341 | 19.5% | 2015 |
| Cocos (Keeling) Islands (Australia) | West Island | 134 | 24.6% | 2011 |
| Pitcairn Islands (UK) | Adamstown | 40 | 100% | 2021 |
| South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (UK) | King Edward Point | 22 | 73.3% | 2018 |
| Palau | Ngerulmud | 0 | 0.0% | 2020 |