# List of military aircraft of the Soviet Union and the CIS

This list of the military aircraft of the Soviet Union and the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) includes experimental, prototypes, and operational types regardless of era. It also includes both native Soviet designs, Soviet-produced copies of foreign designs, and foreign-produced aircraft that served in the military of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) and its successor states of the CIS. The service time frame begins with the year the aircraft entered military service (not the date of first flight, as reported by some sources). Stated production quantities, which are often very approximate, include all variants of the aircraft type produced for the USSR, unless otherwise noted.
Wikipedia convention is to use the Soviet or Russian names and designations for these aircraft, not the post-World War II NATO reporting names, although these will be used as redirects to guide the reader to the desired article. The reporting names assigned by Western intelligence agencies listed here are provided for ease of reference; they are by no means complete.

## Fighters

| Type | No. Built | Service period | NATO name | Remarks |
| Alekseyev I-21/211/215 | 3 | – | n/a | |
| Bell P-39 Airacobra | 4,719 | 1943–1949 | – | Lend-Lease from the United States |
| Bell P-63 Kingcobra | 2,397 | 1944–1950 | Fred | Lend-Lease from the United States |
| Curtiss P-40 Tomahawk/Kittyhawk | 2,425 | 1941–1945 | – | Lend-Lease from the United States |
| Grigorovich I-1 | 1 | – | n/a | |
| Grigorovich I-2 & I-2bis | 211 | 1924–? | n/a | |
| Grigorovich DI-3 | 1 | – | n/a | |
| Grigorovich I-Z | 73 | 1933–1936 | n/a | |
| Grigorovich IP-1 | 91 ca. | 1936–1940 | n/a | |
| Heinkel I-7 | 134 | 1931–? | | |
| Ilyushin I-21 | 2 | – | n/a | |
| Kochyerigin DI-6 | 222 | 1934–? | n/a | Two seater |
| Lavochkin-Gorbunov-Goudkov LaGG-1 | ~100 | 1940–1945? | n/a | |
| Lavochkin-Gorbunov-Goudkov LaGG-3 | 6,258 | 1940?–1945 | n/a | |
| Lavochkin La-5 | 9,920 | 1942–1940s? | n/a | Includes trainers. |
| Lavochkin La-7 | 5,753 | 1944–? | Fin | Includes trainers. |
| Lavochkin La-9 | 1,559–1,895 | 1946–? | Fritz | Includes trainers. |
| Lavochkin La-11 | 1,182 | 1948–? | Fang | |
| Lavochkin La-15 | 235 | 1949–1954 | Fantail | |
| Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-1 | 100 | 1940–? | n/a | |
| Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-3 | 3,120 | 1941–1945 | n/a | Includes propeller-driven MiG-9. |
| Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-9 (jet) | 550 | 1946–? | Fargo | Includes trainers. |
| Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-13/I-250 | 10-20 | - | n/a | |
| Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15 | ~12,000 | 1949–? | Fagot | Includes trainers. |
| Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-17 | 10,000 | 1952–1970s | Fresco | |
| Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-19 | ~8,500 | 1955–? | Farmer | includes foreign production. |
| Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21 | 10,000+ | 1959 | Fishbed | includes foreign production and trainers |
| Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-23 | ~5,000 | 1970 | Flogger | |
| Mikoyan-Gurevich I-75 | 1 | – | ? | Prototype interceptor lost to Su-9. |
| Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-25P | 1,190 | 1972-2007 | Foxbat | Includes trainers. |
| Mikoyan MiG-27 | 1,070 | 1982 | Flogger D/J | |
| Mikoyan MiG-29 | 1,600+ | 1983 | Fulcrum | Includes trainers. |
| Mikoyan MiG-31 | ~500 | 1982 | Foxhound | |
| Mikoyan MiG-33 | – | – | Fulcrum E | MiG-29M marketing designation. |
| Mikoyan MiG-35 | – | – | Fulcrum F | Prototype for export. |
| Mikoyan LMFS 1.27 | – | – | | Light Multi-function Frontal Aircraft. |
| Mikoyan-Gurevich Ye-152A | 1 | 1960–1965 | Flipper | Final MiG-21 experimental model. |
| Polikarpov I-1 | 35 | - | n/a | not used |
| Polikarpov I-3 | 389 | 1929–1935 | n/a | |
| Polikarpov I-5 | 803 | 1931–1942 | n/a | |
| Polikarpov I-6 | 2 | - | n/a | prototype for I-5 |
| Polikarpov I-15 "Chaika" | 7,175+ | 1935–1944 | n/a | |
| Polikarpov I-16 "Ishak" | 9,004+ | 1935–1940s | n/a | Possibly 7364 fighters and 1895 trainers built. |
| Polikarpov I-17 | 3 | – | n/a | prototypes only |
| Sukhoi Su-1/I-330 | 1 | 1940 | n/a | high-altitude fighter prototype. |
| Sukhoi Su-1/I-360 | 1 | 1941 | n/a | Su-1 with revised wing, did not fly. |
| Sukhoi Su-5/I-107 | 1 | 1945 | n/a | mixed-power propeller/motorjet prototype. |
| Sukhoi Su-7 (1944) | 1 | 1944–1945 | n/a | Mixed-power interceptor developed from attack Su-6. |
| Sukhoi Su-7 | < 200 | 1956–? | Fitter-A | Swept-wing 'Fitter' model. |
| Sukhoi Su-9 | < 1,100 | 1959-1970 | Fishpot-A/B | |
| Sukhoi Su-11 | 108 | 1964–1983 | Fishpot-C | Improved Su-9, some modified from Su-9. |
| Sukhoi Su-15 | < 1,500 | 1967–1992 | Flagon | Include trainers. Su-15TM not redesignated Su-21. |
| Sukhoi Su-27 | ~680 | 1984 | Flanker | includes exports and trainers |
| Sukhoi Su-30 | 630+ | 1992 | Flanker-C/G/H | Interceptor, was Su-27PU. |
| Sukhoi Su-33 | ~35 | 1994 | Flanker-D | Includes trainer; carrier fighter, was Su-27K. |
| Sukhoi Su-35 | 151 | 1997 | Flanker-E | Was Su-27M. |
| Sukhoi Su-37 | 2 | – | Flanker-F | cancelled Su-35 development. |
| Sukhoi Su-47 | – | – | Firkin | Technology demonstrator |
| Sukhoi Su-57 | 35 | 2020 | Felon | 25 Su-57 Felon Serial + 10 Prototypes |
| Tupolev I-4 | 369 | 1928–1933 | n/a | |
| Tupolev Tu-28/Tu-128 | 198 | 1965–1992 | Fiddler-A/B | |
| Yakovlev Yak-1 | ~8,720 | 1940–1945 | n/a | Includes trainers. |
| Yakovlev Yak-3 | 4,848 | 1944–1945 | n/a | Includes trainers. |
| Yakovlev Yak-9 | 16,769 | 1942–? | Frank | Includes trainers. |
| Yakovlev Yak-15 | ~280 | 1947–? | Feather | |
| Yakovlev Yak-17 | 430 | 1948–? | Feather | Includes trainers. |
| Yakovlev Yak-23 | 310 | 1949–1950s | Flora | Replaced by MiG-15. |
| Yakovlev Yak-25 | 480 | 1955–1967 | Flashlight | |
| Yakovlev Yak-28P | ~1,700 | 1967–1980s | Firebar | |
| Yakovlev Yak-38 | 231 | 1976–1991 | Forger | VTOL carrier fighter |
| Supermarine Spitfire Vb | 143 | 1943 | n/a | British War-Aid |
| Supermarine Spitfire IX | 1200 | 1943-1947 | n/a | British War-Aid |
| Hawker Hurricane IIA | 196 | 1941-? | n/a | British War-Aid |
| Hawker Hurricane IIB | 1606 | 1941-? | n/a | British War-Aid |
| Hawker Hurricane IIC | 1136 | 1941-? | n/a | British War-Aid |
| Hawker Hurricane IID | 46 | 1942-? | n/a | British War-Aid |
| Hawker Hurricane IV | 30 | 1943-? | n/a | British War-Aid |

## Attack

| Type | No. | Service period | NATO name | Remarks |
| Ilyushin Il-2 "Sturmovik" | 29,937 | 1941–1950s | Bark | Excludes Il-10. |
| Ilyushin Il-10 | 5,026 | 1944–1956 | Beast | Excludes Czech production; includes trainers. |
| Ilyushin Il-40 | 2 | 1953 | Brawny | Prototypes only. |
| Kochyerigin LBSh | 2 | 1939 | n/a | Prototypes only. Cancelled in favor of Il-2 |
| Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-23 | 5,047 | 1970–1998 | Flogger | Includes 3,630 fighters and trainers, but excludes MiG-27s. |
| Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-25BM | ~100 | 1982–? | Foxbat-F | SEAD variant. |
| Mikoyan MiG-27 | 925 | 1975 | Flogger-D/J | Excludes Indian production. Ground-attack MiG-23. |
| Polikarpov I-15 "Chaika" | > 7,175 | 1935–1944 | n/a | |
| Polikarpov I-16 "Ishak" | > 9,004 | 1935–1940s | n/a | Possibly 7,364 fighters and 1,895 trainers built. |
| Sukhoi Su-2 | > 500 | 1940–1942 | n/a | Later used as squadron hacks. |
| Sukhoi Su-7B | 1,700–1,800 | 1961–1986 | Fitter-A | Includes trainers and ~600 exports. |
| Sukhoi Su-17 "Strizh" | 2,867 | 1971 | Fitter | Includes 500+ for export and trainers. |
| Sukhoi Su-24 "Chemodan" | 1,400 | 1974 | Fencer | 700+ for the USSR, includes 110+ reconnaissance variants. |
| Sukhoi Su-25 "Grach" | >580 | 1981 | Frogfoot | Includes trainers; ~80 being upgraded to Su-25SM. |
| Sukhoi Su-25T/Su-25TM/Su-39 | 20 | 1996 | Frogfoot | 20 Su-25T built; 8 upgraded to Su-39TM. |
| Sukhoi Su-30M | 500+ | 1990s | Flanker-F (Variant 2) | Multirole Su-27; 4+ built. |
| Sukhoi Su-34/Su-27IB/Su-32FN | 74 | 2014 | Fullback | Deliveries ongoing. |
| Yakovlev Yak-7 | 6,339 | 1942–? | n/a | Includes trainers. |
| Yakovlev Yak-38 | 231 | 1976-1994 | Forger | Naval VTOL fighter-bomber. |

## Bombers

| Type | No. | Service period | NATO name | Remarks |
| Archangelski Ar-2 | ? | 1940–1941 | n/a | Refined Tupolev SB |
| Bolkhovitinov DB-A | 14 | 1935–? | |
| Douglas A-20 Havoc | 2,908 | 1940s | Box | Lend-lease from the United States. |
| Ilyushin DB-3 | 1,528 | 1936–? | n/a | Excludes Il-4. |
| Ilyushin Il-4 | 5,256 | 1941-1950s | Bob | Includes trainers. |
| Ilyushin Il-28 | 2,000+ | 1950–1980s | Beagle | excludes Chinese Hong H-5 version. |
| Ilyushin Il-54/Il-149 | 1 | – | Blowlamp | Cancelled. |
| Myasishchev M-4 "Molot" | – | 1955-1960s | Bison | 93 all variants, few used; most converted to M-4-2 tankers. |
| M-50/M-52 | 2 | 1957 | Bounder | Prototypes only. |
| North American B-25C/D/S/G/J | 866 | 1941 | Bank | Lend-lease from the United States. |
| Petlyakov Pe-2 "Peschka" | 11,427 | 1941-1950s | Buck | Includes trainers. |
| Petlyakov Pe-8/TB-7 | ~96 | 1941–1950s | n/a | 93 or 96 built. |
| Polikarpov R-1 & R-2 | 2,800+ | 1924–1934 | n/a | Airco DH.9A copy. |
| Tupolev DB-1 | 18 | 1934–1937 | n/a | development of ANT-25 |
| Tupolev SB "Katyusha" | 6,656 | 1936–1944 | n/a | Includes trainers. |
| Tupolev TB-1 | 212 | 1929–? | n/a | |
| Tupolev TB-3 | 818 | 1930–1942 | n/a | Also mothership for parasite I-16s |
| Tupolev Tu-2 | 2,527 | 1943–1950 | Bat | |
| Tupolev Tu-4 | 847 | 1949–1960s | Bull | Boeing B-29 Superfortress copy. |
| Tupolev Tu-12/Tu-77 | 4 | 1947–1950 | n/a | No production. |
| Tupolev Tu-14 | ~100 | 1949–? | Bosun | Include reconnaissance and torpedo bomber versions; most to the navy. |
| Tupolev Tu-16 | 1,507+ | 1954–1993 | Badger | |
| Tupolev Tu-22 "Shilo" | ~250-300 | 1962 | Blinder | Excludes Tu-22M 'Backfire', Includes trainers. |
| Tupolev Tu-22M | ~500 | 1972 | Backfire | |
| Tupolev Tu-73 | 1 | 1947–1948 | n/a | Enlarged Tu-72 naval bomber. |
| Tupolev Tu-80 | 1 | 1949 | n/a | Improved Tu-4. |
| Tupolev Tu-82/Tu-22 | 1 | – | Butcher | |
| Tupolev Tu-85 | 2 | – | Barge | Final Tu-4 refinement. |
| Tupolev Tu-91 | – | – | Boot | 1954 prototype naval bomber |
| Tupolev Tu-95 | 300+ | 1956–1997 | Bear | Includes trainers. |
| Tupolev Tu-95MS | – | 1984 | Bear-H | Tu-142 airframe. |
| Tupolev Tu-98 | 2 | – | Backfin | 1955 Technology demonstrator. |
| Tupolev Tu-160 | 16 | 1987 | Blackjack | |
| Tu PAK DA | – | ? | – | No prototypes |
| Yakovlev Yak-2 | 111 | 1940–? | n/a | |
| Yakovlev Yak-4 | 90 | 1941–1945 | n/a | Night bomber later used for reconnaissance. |
| Yakovlev Yak-26 | 9 | ? | Flashlight-B | Version of Yak-25 interceptor. |
| Yakovlev Yak-28 | ~700 | 1960–1994 | Brewer | |
| Yermolayev Yer-2 | ~320 | 1941–? | n/a | |

## Reconnaissance

| Type | No. | Service period | NATO name | Remarks |
| Antonov An-30 | – | 1974 | Clank | Aerial survey; few built. |
| Ilyushin Il-28R | – | ? | Beagle | |
| Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21R | – | 1965 | Fishbed-H | |
| Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-25R | – | 1970 | Foxbat | 1190 built all variants. |
| Myasishchev M-17/M-55 "Geofizika" | 6+ | 1982 | Mystic-A/B | Was ELINT, One used for meteorological research. |
| Neman R-10 | 490 | 1937–1943 | n/a | |
| Polikarpov R-1 & R-2 | 2,800+ | 1924–1934 | n/a | Airco DH.9A copy. Also light bomber. |
| Polikarpov R-5 | 490 | 1928–1944 | n/a | |
| Polikarpov R-Z | 1,031 | 1935–1941? | n/a | Improved R-5. |
| Sukhoi Su-17R "Strizh" | – | ? | Fitter | Some Su-17M used reconnaissance pods. Su-20R was export only. |
| Sukhoi Su-24MR | 110+ | 1985 | Fencer-E | |
| Tupolev R-3 | 103 | 1926–? | n/a | |
| Tupolev R-6 | 7,000+ | 1929–? | n/a | All variants. |
| Tupolev R-7 | 1 | ? | n/a | 1930 prototype |
| Tupolev Tu-16R | 1,507+ | ? | Badger-E | |
| Tupolev Tu-22R | 127 | 1962–? | Blinder-C | |
| Yakovlev Yak-4 | 90 | 1941–1945 | n/a | Reassigned to reconnaissance. |
| Yakovlev Yak-25RV | 165 | 1959–1974 | Mandrake | Two unmanned variants. |
| Yakovlev Yak-27R | ~160-180 | 1960–? | Mangrove | |
| Yakovlev Yak-28R | 220+ | 1960s-1990s | Brewer-D | |

## Maritime patrol

| Type | No. | Service period | NATO name | Remarks |
| Antonov An-72P | – | 1987 | Coaler | |
| Beriev Be-2/KOR-1 | – | 1938–1942 | Mote | Cruiser floatplane |
| Beriev Be-4/KOR-2 | – | 1941–? | Mug | Flying boat |
| Beriev Be-6 | – | 1949–1960s | Madge | Flying boat |
| Beriev Be-10 | – | 1956–? | Mallow | Jet flying boat; few produced. |
| Beriev Be-12 "Chaika" | – | 1961 | Mail | Amphibious |
| Beriev Be-42/Be-44 "Albatros" | – | 1989 | Mermaid | Amphibious |
| Consolidated PBY/PBN "Catalina" | – | 1939-? | Mop | Amphibious |
| Ilyushin Il-38 | ~100 | 1971 | May | Some with the Indian Navy. |
| Myasishchev 3M/3MD "Molot" | 93 | 1956–1980s | Bison-B/C | Converted to tankers. |
| Tupolev Tu-16PL/R/RM/SP | 1,507+ | ?–1994 | Badger-D/E/F | |
| Tupolev Tu-95MR | 12 | 1970s | Bear-E | |
| Tupolev Tu-142/Tu-142M | – | 1972 | Bear-F | |

## Airborne early warning and control

| Type | No. | Service period | NATO name | Remarks |
| An-71 | 3 | 1985–1991 | Madcap | Cancelled |
| Beriev A-50 "Shmel" | ~40 | 1986 | Mainstay | Modified IL-76 |
| Ilyushin Il-18D/V | 7+ | ? | Coot-B | 5+ Il-18D and 2 Il-18V built. |
| Ilyushin Il-18D-36 "Bizon" | 20+ | 1970s–? | Coot-B | |
| Ilyushin Il-22M-11 "Zebra" | 21+ | 1987 | Coot-B | |
| Ilyushin Il-76VKP/Il-82 | 2 | 1990s | – | |
| Ilyushin Il-86VKP/Il-87 Aimak | 4+ | 1990s | Maxdome | |
| Tupolev Tu-126 | 8 | 1968–1980s | Moss | Modified Tu-114 airliner |
| Tupolev Tu-142MR | 10+ | 1980 | Bear-J | |

## Electronic warfare

| Type | No. | Service period | NATO name | Remarks |
| Antonov An-12B-PP/BK-IS/-PP/-PPS | 150+ | 1964 | Cub-A/B/C/D | EW |
| Antonov An-26M | – | ? | Curl | ELINT; |
| Antonov An-26RM/RTR/RR | 42+ | 1986 | Curl-B | SIGINT/COMINT variants. |
| Ilyushin Il-20RT | – | 1978 | Coot-A | ELINT variant. |
| Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-25RB | – | ? | Foxbat | ELINT variants |
| Sukhoi Su-24MP | 12-24 | 1980s | Fencer-F | ELINT variant. |
| Tupolev Tu-16Ye/P/SPS and "Elka" | – | ?–1994 | Badger-A/H/J/K/L | |
| Tupolev Tu-22P | 47 | ? | Blinder-E | |
| Tupolev Tu-22MR | 20+ | 1990s | Backfire | Conversions |
| Tupolev Tu-95RT | 45 | 1960s | Bear-D | |
| Yakovlev Yak-28PP | 120+ | 1970-1990s | Brewer-E | Escort jammer |

## Transport and liaison

| Type | No. | Service period | NATO name | Remarks |
| Antonov An-2 "Annushka" | 5000+ | 1947 | Colt | Many other operators, excludes Polish production. |
| Antonov An-8 | 151 | 1956–2004 | Camp | |
| Antonov An-10 "Ukraine" | 108 | 1957–1972 | Cat | Passenger version of An-12 cargo. |
| Antonov An-12 | 1,253 | 1959 | Cub | |
| Antonov An-14 "Pchelka" | ~300 | 1958–? | Clod | Most for Aeroflot, some to military. |
| Antonov An-22 "Antei" | 66 | 1967 | Cock | |
| Antonov An-24 | ~1,465 | 1963 | Coke | |
| Antonov An-26 | 1,398 | 1969 | Curl | |
| Antonov An-28 | 191 | 1969 | Cash | Built in Poland. |
| Antonov An-30 | 123 | 1968 | Clank | Mapping development of An-24/An-26. |
| Antonov An-32 | 357 | 1977 | Cline | Re-engined An-26. |
| Antonov An-72A "Cheburashka" | – | 1987 | Coaler-C | 180+ An-72 and An-74 built; in production |
| Antonov An-74 "Cheburashka" | – | 1990s | Coaler-B | 180+ An-72 and An-74 built; in production |
| Antonov An-124 "Ruslan" | 56 | 1986 | Condor | |
| Antonov An-225 "Mriya" | 1 | 1989–2022 | Cossack | Operated commercially from 2001-2022. The An-225 was destroyed in the Battle of Antonov Airport during the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine. |
| Ilyushin Il-12 | 663 | 1945–? | Coach | Most for Aeroflot, some to military. |
| Ilyushin Il-14 | 1,000+ | 1953–? | Crate | |
| Ilyushin Il-18 | ~25 | 1965–? | Coot | ~25 used as VIP transports. |
| Ilyushin Il-62M | 20+ | 1974 | Classic | |
| Ilyushin Il-76 | 900+ | 1978 | Candid | |
| Ilyushin Il-86 | 103 | 1977–1994 | Camber | |
| Ilyushin Il-96PU | 2 | 2003 | – | Two used by Russian president |
| Ilyushin Il-112VT | – | – | – | under development |
| Kharkiv KhAI-5 | 60+ | 1940–? | n/a | converted bomber |
| Lisunov Li-2 | 2,000+ | – | Cab | License-built Douglas DC-3. |
| Polikarpov Po-2 | ~30,000 | 1929–? | Mule | Utility biplane |
| Tupolev PS-9 | ~70 | 1933–? | n/a | |
| Tupolev Tu-104 | 200 | 1955–? | Camel | |
| Tupolev Tu-110 | 3 | 1957 | Cooker | Used as testbeds. |
| Tupolev Tu-114 "Rossiya" | 31 | 1957–1975 | Cleat | |
| Tupolev Tu-124 | 165 | 1960–? | Cookpot | Some used as trainers (Tu-124Sh-1 and Sh-2). |
| Tupolev Tu-134BSh/UBL | – | ? | Crusty | Tu-22M and Tu-160 crew trainer . |
| Tupolev Tu-154M | – | ?–2006 | Careless | Some used as VIP transports. |
| Tupolev Tu-204/214 | 68 | 1995 | – | Number includes Tupolev Tu-214. |
| Yakovlev Yak-6 | 381 | 1942–1950 | Crib | Light bomber and transport. |
| Yakovlev Yak-10 | 40(?) | 1945–1947 | Crow | Was Yak-14. |
| Yakovlev Yak-12 | 3,801 | 1947–? | Creek | Yak-10 development. |
| Yakovlev Yak-14 | 413 | 1948–? | n/a | Glider |
| Yakovlev Yak-16 | – | 1948–? | Cork | Some used for training |
| Yakovlev Yak-40 | – | 1968 | Codling | A few dozen used by military |
| Yakovlev Yak-42 | – | 1980 | Clobber | Tu-134 replacement |

## Tankers

| Type | No. | Service period | NATO name | Remarks |
| Ilyushin Il-76MDK | – | – | – | Planned tanker conversion |
| Ilyushin Il-78/Il-78M | up to 30 | 1989 | Midas | Converted airliner |
| Myasishchev 3MS-2/3MN-2 "Molot" | – | ?–1990s | Bison | Converted bomber |
| Myasishchev M-4-2 "Molot" | – | ?–1994 | Bison | Converted bomber |
| Tupolev Tu-16D/N/Z | – | ?–1996 | Badger-A | |

## Trainers

| Type | No. | Service period | NATO name | Remarks |
| Aero L-29 "Delphin" | 2,000+ | 1963 | Maya | Czechoslovakian jet. |
| Aero L-39 "Albatros" | – | 1972 | n/a | Czechoslovakian jet |
| Avro 504 (U-1) | 700+ | 1918–? | n/a | |
| Ilyushin Il-28U | – | ?–1980s | Mascot | |
| Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15UTI | – | ?–1970s | Midget | |
| Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21U | – | 1962 | Mongol | |
| Polikarpov U-2 | ~30,000 | 1929–? | Mule | Also used by other operators |
| North American AT-6 | 82 | ? | – | Lend-Lease from the United States |
| Sukhoi Su-7U | – | ?–1980s | Moujik | |
| Sukhoi Su-9U | ~50 | 1962–1970s | Maiden | |
| Sukhoi Su-11U | – | ?–1983 | Maiden | |
| Yakovlev UT-1 | 1,241 | 1936–? | n/a | |
| Yakovlev UT-2 | 7,243 | 1937–1950s | Mink | Main World War II basic trainer. |
| Yakovlev Yak-7U | 6,399 | ? | Mark | |
| Yakovlev Yak-11 | 4,566 | 1946–1962 | Moose | |
| Yakovlev Yak-17UTI | ~430 | ? | Magnet | |
| Yakovlev Yak-18 | 9,000+ | 1946 | Max | |
| Yakovlev Yak-28U | – | ?–1994 | Maestro | |
| Yakovlev Yak-30 | 4 | – | Magnum | lost to L-29 Delfin. |
| Yakovlev Yak-52 | ~1,800 | 1976 | n/a | |

## Helicopters

| Type | No. | Service period | NATO name | Remarks |
| Kamov Ka-15/Ka-18 | – | – | Hen | |
| Kamov Ka-20 | – | – | Harp | |
| Kamov Ka-22 "Vintokryl" | – | – | Hoop | |
| Kamov Ka-25 | 140 | 1960s | Hormone | For the Soviet Navy |
| Kamov Ka-26 | 816+ | 1970 | Hoodlum-A | number includes military and civilian examples. |
| Kamov Ka-226 "Sergei" | ~10 | – | Hoodlum-C | ~10 on order for the Russian Navy. |
| Kamov Ka-27/Ka-29 | 267 | 1982 | Helix | All variants, 59 Ka-29 troop transports. |
| Kamov Ka-31 | – | 2003? | Helix 'B' | Naval AEW Platform |
| Kamov Ka-32 | 170+ | 2006 | Helix 'C' | umber includes military and civilian examples. |
| Kamov Ka-50 "Chernaya Akula" | 8 | 1995 | Hokum-A | Prototypes |
| Kamov Ka-52 | 100 | 2012 | Hokum-B | |
| Mil Mi-1 | < 1,800 | 1951–? | Hare | Production transferred to Poland. Military and civilian use |
| PZL Mi-2 | 5,250+ | 1965 | Hoplite | built in Poland for military and civilian use. |
| Mil Mi-4 | < 3,500 | 1953–? | Hound | Produced for military and civil use and exported. |
| Mil Mi-6/Mi-22 | ~860 | 1960 | Hook | Produced for military and civil use and exported. |
| Mil Mi-8 | 17,000+ | 1967 | Hip | All variants including Mi-17 (see below) and exports. |
| Mil Mi-9/Mi-19 | – | 1977 | Hip-G/? | Mi-8/Mi-17 Airborne command post |
| Mil Mi-10 | 55+ | 1963 | Harke | In civilian use by NPO-Vzylot |
| Mil Mi-14 | ~75-100 | 1975 | Haze | |
| Mil Mi-17/Mi-8M | ? | 1977 | Hip-H | |
| Mil Mi-24 "Krokodil" | 5,200+ | 1973 | Hind | includes exports, Mi-24V redesignated as Mi-35 |
| Mil Mi-26 | ~300 | 1982 | Halo | |
| Mil Mi-28 "'Ночной охотник'" | 24 | 2009 | Havoc | more planned |
| Yakovlev Yak-24 | ~100 | 1952–? | Horse | |

## Experimental

| Type | No. | Service period | NATO name | Remarks |
| Antonov An-74AEW/An-71 | 1 | – | Madcap | Prototype AEW variant. |
| Beriev A-60 | 2 | – | – | Laser-armed Il-76MD. |
| Bisnovat 5 | 2 | – | – | Rocket research aircraft. |
| Mikoyan-Gurevich I-270 | 2 | – | n/a | 1945 rocket interceptor, cancelled. |
| Mikoyan Project 1.44 | 1 | – | Flatpack | Technology demonstrator. |
| Mil V-12 | 2 | – | Homer | Prototype helicopter. |
| Myasishchev M-50/M-52 | 2 | – | Bounder | Cancelled intercontinental bomber. |
| OKB-1 EF 140 | 1 | – | – | Junkers jet bomber development. |
| Sukhoi Su-47/S-37 "Berkut" | 1 | – | Firkin | Forward-swept wing demonstrator. |
| Sukhoi T-4 | 1 | – | – | Reconnaissance/strike/interceptor, cancelled. |
| Tupolev I-12 | 1 | – | – | 1931 fighter armed with recoilless 76 mm cannons. |
| Yakovlev Yak-36 | 4 | – | Freehand | 1960s experimental VTOL aircraft; only 2 flown. |
| Yakovlev Yak-141 | 4 | – | Freestyle | VTOL fighter; only 2 flown; cancelled. |
| Sukhoi Su-9 (1946) | 2 | – | – | Soviet attempt to make a early fighter jet. |