OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Elliott Horowitz

Elliott S. Horowitz (1953-2017) was a Jewish American historian. A native of Queens, New York City, Horowitz was educated at Yeshivat Kerem be-Yavneh, and received his bachelor's degree from Princeton University in 1975. He received his doctorate from Yale in 1982. His dissertation was "Jewish confraternities in seventeenth-century Verona: a study in the social history of piety".
After moving to Israel, he taught Medieval and Early Modern Jewish History for thirty-two years, first at Ben Gurion University and from 1989-2014 at Bar Ilan University He also held numerous visiting positions at American universities, including Harvard, Yale, Rutgers, Johns Hopkins, Princeton, Toronto, Penn, and Oxford.
From 2004 until his death, Horowitz served as editor of the Jewish Quarterly Review, the oldest English-language journal devoted to Jewish studies. Horowitz contributed vitally to expanding the journal's horizons, approaches and subjects, helping shape it into one of the leading scholarly forums in the field of Jewish studies.
Horowitz’s monograph, Reckless Rites: Purim and the Legacy of Jewish Violence (2006), was a runner-up for the National Jewish Book Award. The book brought together his enduring scholarly curiosity about violence and the carnivalesque with an ethical concern for the way in which religion can be used and abused.
In 2014 Horowitz took early retirement and was appointed to the Oliver Smithies Visiting Fellowship at Balliol College, Oxford for the academic year 2015-6.
# Hockey Africa Cup for Club Champions (women)

The Africa Cup for Club Champions (ACCC) is a women's field hockey competition for clubs in Africa. It was first played for in 1996.

## Summaries

| Year | Host | Final | Final | Final | Third place match | Third place match | Third place match | Number of teams |
| Year | Host | Winner | Score | Runner-up | Third place | Score | Fourth place | Number of teams |
| 1996 | | Old Hararians | | Ramblers Club | Bulawayo Athletic Club | | |
| 1997 | | Technikon Natal | | Ramblers Club | Post & Telecomm | | |
| 1998 | | Post & Telecomm | | Ramblers Club | D.T.S | | |
| 1999 | | Sliders Club | | Old Hararians | Ramblers Club | | |
| 2000 | | Post & Telecomm | | Sharkia Club | Sliders Club | | |
| 2015 | Lusaka, Zambia | Orange Club of Kenya | 4–2 | Ghana Police | Ghana Revenue Authority | 7–0 | El Sharkia | 8 |
| 2016 | Nairobi, Kenya | Orange Club of Kenya | | Ghana Revenue Authority | Kada Queens | | Heartland | 4 |
| 2017 | Accra, Ghana | Ghana Revenue Authority | | Telkom of Kenya | Ghana Police | | Kada Queens | 6 |
| 2018 | Abuja, Nigeria | Telkom of Kenya | | Ghana Revenue Authority | Ghana Police | | USIU | 6 |
| 2019 | Ismailia, Egypt | El Sharkia | 1–0 | Ghana Revenue Authority | Ghana Police | 1(2)–1(3) | Kada Queens | 8 |
| 2020 | Blantyre, Malawi | Cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic. | Cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic. | Cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic. | Cancelled. | Cancelled. | Cancelled. | |
| 2021 | Accra,Ghana | Ghana Revenue Authority | 3–0 | Delta Queens | Ghana Prisons | 4–3 | Plateau Queens | 5 |
| 2022 | Nairobi, Kenya | Ghana Revenue Authority | | Army Ladies | Delta Queens | | | 7 |
| 2023 | Blantyre, Malawi | Ghana Revenue Authority | | | | | | 7 |
| 2024 | Ismailia, Egypt | Ghana Revenue Authority | 3–0 | Smouha | Kada Queens | 1–0 | Mombasa | 10 |
    ^n/a A round-robin tournament determined the final standings.

## Records and statistics
### Performances by club

| Team | Titles | Runners-up | Third-place | Fourth-place |
| Ghana Revenue Authority | 3 (2017, 2021, 2022) | 3 (2016, 2018, 2019) | 1 (2015) |
| Orange Club of Kenya | 2 (2015, 2016) | | | |
| Telkom of Kenya | 1 (2018) | 1 (2017) | | |
| El Sharkia | 1 (2019) | 1 (2000) | 1 (2007) | 1 (2015) |
| Ghana Police | | 1 (2015) | 4 (2017, 2018, 2019, 2021) |
| Delta Queens | | 1 (2021) | 1 (2022) | |
| Army Ladies | | 1 (2022) | |
| Kada Queens | | | 1 (2016) | 2 (2017, 2019) |
| Heartland | | | | 1 (2016) |
| USIU | | | | 1 (2017) |
| Plateau Queens | | | | 1 (2021) |

### Performances by nation

| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| 1 | Ghana (GHA) | 3 | 5 | 5 | 13 |
| 2 | Kenya (KEN) | 3 | 1 | 0 | 4 |
| 3 | Egypt (EGY) | 1 | 2 | 1 | 4 |
| 4 | Nigeria (NGR) | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| Totals (4 entries) | Totals (4 entries) | 7 | 9 | 8 | 24 |
# Filip Filipov (footballer, born 1971)

Filip Filipov (Bulgarian: Филип Филипов; born 31 January 1971) is a former Bulgarian professional footballer who played as a defender.

## Club career

Filipov began his career at the local "Sliven". His first spell at PFC CSKA Sofia spanned one season (1990–91), after which he moved to Lokomotiv GO, and then played a short time for Jeju United of South Korean K League, then known as Yukong Elephant and Bucheon SK, only to return to PFC CSKA Sofia for another year. He then spent some time playing in LEKS (Litex) before again returning to PFC CSKA Sofia for a third spell since December 1997.

## Coaching career

In 2007 became coach of the youth national team in 17 years, subsequently he was coach of FC Vihren Sandanski from November 2007 to September 2009, with some interruptions - especially memorable 2-1 victory over Litex in 2007/08gl. 1-0 against PFC Levski Sofia and Lokomotiv Sofia, 3-1 as the guest of PSFC Chernomorets Burgas 2008/09g season. Despite these victories the team finished in 14th place in the standings and was relegated to the "B" group. After a hesitant start in the Western "B" group in September Filipov was fired from FC Vihren Sandanski. A month later he became coach of Kaliakra Kavarna in the East "B" group, led the team to first place, which automatically qualified them in the "A" group. In the same season Kaliakra Kavarna reached the 1/2 finals of the Cup of Bulgaria, prevailing over Lokomotiv Plovdiv, PFC Marek Dupnitsa, PFC Cherno More Varna before being eliminated on penalties by PFC Chernomorets Pomorie. The first season of "A" group in the history of Kaliakra Kavarna began with a shock victory away to PFC Slavia Sofia 1-0, but after a few poor results Filipov was fired. In October 2011 he was invited by Dimitar Penev as assistant coach at the headquarters of CSKA Sofia.

## Honours
### Player

* CSKA Sofia
* Bulgarian League Winner: 1
       1996-97 A PFG
* Bulgarian League Runners-up: 2
       1990-91 A PFG:: 1993-94 A PFG
* Bulgarian Cup Winner: 1
       1996-97 Bulgarian Cup
* Jeju United FC
* League Cup Runners-up: 2
       1998 Adidas Cup
       1998 Philip Morris Korea Cup

### Manager

* Kaliakra Kavarna
* Bulgarian Second League Winner: 1
       2009–10 B PFG
* Bulgarian Cup Semifinalist: 1
       2009–10 Bulgarian Cup
# Richard Anthony Tell

Richard Anthony Tell is a physicist at Richard Tell Associates, Inc. in Madison, Alabama, United States. He was named a Fellow of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) in 2012 for his contributions to the assessment of, and safety standards for, human exposure to radio frequency energy.
Tell attended Midwestern State University for his undergraduate degree, finishing with a BS in physics and mathematics in 1966. He went on for an MS in radiation sciences at Rutgers University, which he completed in 1967.
Working for the United States government, first at the Center for Devices and Radiological Health and later at the Environmental Protection Agency, Tell helped develop safety standards for exposure to radiofrequency fields.
# Ali Khursheedi

Ali Khursheedi is a Pakistani politician who is a member of the Provincial Assembly of Sindh and is currently serving as the Leader of Opposition in the Provincial Assembly of Sindh since March 2024. He contested as the candidate for Chief Minister of Sindh for the Muttahida Qaumi Movement – Pakistan (MQM-P) in the 2024 Sindh provincial election against Murad Ali Shah of the Pakistan Peoples Party. Following the election, Murad Ali Shah won a third term, while Khursheedi's party nominated him as the Opposition Leader in Sindh Assembly in March 2024.

## Political career

He was elected to the Provincial Assembly of Sindh as a candidate of Muttahida Qaumi Movement – Pakistan from Constituency PS-119 (Karachi West-VIII) in 2018 Pakistani general election. He was officially nominated by the MQM-P to be candidate for the position of Chief Minister of Sindh in the 2024 Sindh provincial election, though was defeated by the Pakistan People's Party (PPP). He was elected to the 16th Provincial Assembly of Sindh as a candidate of the MQM-P from constituency PS-119 Karachi West-IV in the 2024 Sindh provincial election. He was nominated by the MQM-P for the slot of opposition leader in the Sindh Assembly against the PPP government.
# United Nations Security Council Resolution 265

United Nations Security Council Resolution 265, adopted on April 1, 1969, after reaffirming resolution 248, the Council condemned Israel's for its premeditated air attacks on Jordan villages in flagrant violation of the United Nations Charter and cease-fire resolutions and deplored the loss of civilian life and damage to property.
The resolution was adopted by 11 votes to none; Colombia, Paraguay, the United Kingdom and United States abstained from voting.
# Walter Richard Cassels

Walter Richard Cassels (4 September 1826 – 10 June 1907) was an English poet and theological critic best known as the author of Supernatural Religion (1874).

## Early life

Cassels was born in London, the youngest son of Robert Cassels and Jean Scougall. His father was a British consul at Honfleur. In the 1850s, he published two volumes of poetry, and spent three years in Italy, where he befriended the poets Robert and Elizabeth Browning. He later became a partner with two of his brothers, Andrew and John, in the firm of Peel, Cassels & Co. in Bombay, India. In 1862, he published a monograph on the Bombay cotton industry. After serving on the Legislative Council of Bombay from 1863 to 1865, Cassels returned to England.

## Supernatural Religion

In 1874, Cassels published an anonymous two-volume work entitled Supernatural Religion: An Inquiry into the Reality of Divine Revelation, in which he challenged the credibility of miracles and the validity of the New Testament. The work at once attracted attention, and resulted in much speculation about the identity of the anonymous author. Theologian Otto Pfleiderer remarked that "Never before had such a systematic attack, based upon solid learning, been made in English upon the external evidences of the Christian religion." Many books and articles were written in response to the criticism of Christianity made in Supernatural Religion. The most famous of these rebuttals is a series of essays by Bishop J. B. Lightfoot, which were subsequently collected and published as a book. In 1877, a third volume was added to Supernatural Religion, and a fully revised edition was published in 1879. Cassels published a series of anonymous replies to Bishop Lightfoot and other critics in magazine articles and as footnotes or prefaces to reprints of Supernatural Religion. These replies were also compiled as a book in 1889. Abridged popular editions of Supernatural Religion in a single volume were published in 1902 and 1905.

## Later life

News of Cassels' authorship of Supernatural Religion began to leak out in 1895, after he published a series of signed articles on theology. However, Cassels never publicly acknowledged his authorship of Supernatural Religion. Little is known about his private life, or of how he acquired his extensive knowledge of early Christianity. It is known that he collected art and was a Fellow of the Royal Photographic Society. He never married and died in London on 10 June 1907.

## Works

* Eidolon, or the Course of a Soul; and other poems. William Pickering: London, 1850.
* Poems. Smith, Elder & Co.: London, 1856.
* Cotton: An Account of its Culture in the Bombay Presidency. 1862.

### Published anonymously

* Supernatural Religion: An Inquiry into the Reality of Divine Revelation.
** Longmans & Co.: London, 1874 (Volumes I and II). Six editions, 1874–1876. Volume III, 1877.
** Complete Edition (3 vols), 1879.
** Popular edition (in 1 volume), 1902, Watts & Co. (Reprinted 1905.)
* A Reply to Dr. Lightfoot's Essays. Longmans & Co.: London, 1889.
* The Gospel according to Peter: A Study. Longmans & Co.: London, 1894.
# Sean Downes

Sean Edward "John" Downes (February 1962 – 12 August 1984), was a ex-Provisional Irish Republican Army youth member, who died after he was shot in the chest with a plastic bullet in August 1984 during an anti-internment rally in Belfast.

## Personal Life

Sean Edward Downes was born in February 1962 in Belfast, to Gerry and Vera Downes, he was their fifth child.
On 12 March 1979 when Downes was 16 he was arrested and charged for being in a youth wing of the Provisional IRA, but wasn't given any jail time as long as he promised to stay out of trouble. Downes wouldn’t ever rejoin the Provisional IRA.
Downes would marry his long time girlfriend Brenda in January 1983; their marriage was held at the St. Agnes Church. They would have a daughter Claire who was born in February.

## Death

On 12 August 1984, John Downes accompanied with his wife Brenda and their 18-month old daughter, Claire attended a anti-internment rally in Andersonstown in front of the Connolly House. Hosted by Sinn Féin president Gerry Adams and NORAID director Martin Galvin.
The RUC arrived to disperse the crowd, but when the RUC attempted to arrest Galvin the crowd began to scatter in the panic. Brenda and Claire left soon after the rioting started, but John stayed; a while later Downes who was wielding a stick approached two constables whose backs were turned. Constable Nigel Hegarty, upon seeing this shot Downes in the chest with a plastic bullet at a range of less than 20 meters, Downes would immediately collapse and die minutes later.
Downes was the 15th person killed by a plastic bullet during the Troubles.

## Legacy

During John Downes’ funeral over 5,000 people attended including Gerry Adams and Martin Galvin.
Downes’ death was one of the main reasons for the formation of the United Campaign Against Plastic Bullets, which was founded by Emma Groves and Clara Reilly.
Two separate plaques were installed in memory of Downes near where he died.

## Inquiry

In April 1986 constable Nigel Hegarty in a controversial decision, was found not guilty of manslaughter. Brenda and her solicitor Pat Finucane attempted to overturn but were unsuccessful, partly due to Pat's murder in February 1989.
# United Nations Security Council Resolution 481

United Nations Security Council Resolution 481, adopted on November 26, 1980, considered a report by the Secretary-General regarding the United Nations Disengagement Observer Force. The Council noted its efforts to establish a durable and just peace in the Middle East but also expressed its concern over the prevailing state of tension in the area.
The resolution decided to call upon the parties concerned to immediately implement Resolution 338 (1973), it renewed the mandate of the Observer Force for another 6 months until May 31, 1981 and requested that the Secretary-General submit a report on the situation at the end of that period.
The resolution was adopted with 14 votes to none; China did not participate in the voting.
# United Nations Security Council Resolution 551

United Nations Security Council resolution 551, adopted unanimously on 30 May 1984, considered a report by the Secretary-General regarding the United Nations Disengagement Observer Force. The Council noted its efforts to establish a durable and just peace in the Middle East but also expressed its concern over the prevailing state of tension in the area.
The resolution decided to call upon the parties concerned to immediately implement Resolution 338 (1973), it renewed the mandate of the Observer Force for another six months until 30 November 1984 and requested that the Secretary-General submit a report on the situation at the end of that period.
# Francis Lathrop

Francis Augustus Lathrop (June 22, 1849 – October 18, 1909) was an American decorative artist known for his creation of stained glass and other decorative works in churches and university chapels in the United States.

## Biography
### Early life

Francis Lathrop was born on June 22, 1849, on a ship off the Hawaiian Islands. He was a great grandson of the American Revolutionary War General Samuel Holden Parsons. Francis Lathrop's father was George Alfred Lathrop, the American consul to the Kingdom of Hawaii. His brother was the poet George Lathrop.

### Training as artist

Francis Lathrop was a pupil of the painter T. C. Farrer in New York City, and then studied art at the Royal Academy of Dresden in what was then the German Empire. After Lathrop spent four months of study in Dresden, the artist James Whistler invited Lathrop to study with him in London. However, soon after his arrival in England, the family's financial problems forced Lathrop to return to New York City. After a year of giving drawing lessons in New York, he was able to rejoin Whistler in England. In 1870, dissatisfied with the attention he was receiving from Whistler, Lathrop began working with the painters Ford Madox Brown and Edward Coley Burne-Jones. He also studied in the school of designer William Morris, where he devoted particular attention to stained glass.

### Career

In 1873, Lathrop again returned to New York to help his family financially. He taught painting at Cooper Institute in Manhattan and became known for his illustrations, painted portraits, and designed stained glass.At this point in his career, Lathrop concentrated on producing decorative work. He designed the chancel of Trinity Church in Boston, Massachusetts, decorated the interior of the Bowdoin College Chapel in Brunswick, Maine, and decorated several churches in New York. The Marquand Memorial Window, installed in the original Marquand chapel at Princeton University, was an example of Lathrop's work in stained glass. The chapel and the Lathrop window were destroyed by fire in 1922. Lathrop's last work was a series of medallions for the building of the Hispanic-American Society in Manhattan.
Lathrop was a charter member of the Society of American Artists, and became an associate of the National Academy of Design in New York. He died at his home in Woodcliff Lake, New Jersey, on October 18, 1909.
# Siege of Salses

vteThirty Years' War :
Bohemian Revolt (1618–1620)
Pilsen
Lomnice
Sablat
Wisternitz
Bautzen
White Mountain
Neu Titschein
Palatinate campaign (1620–1623)
Bad Kreuznach
Oppenheim
Bacharach
Jülich
Mingolsheim
Wimpfen
Höchst
Bergen op Zoom
Heidelberg
Fleurus
Mannheim
Frankenthal
Stadtlohn
Transylvanian invasions of Hungary (1619–1621, 1623–1624, 1626)
Humenné
Érsekújvár
Tyrnau [de]
Hodonín
Vlach uprisings
Danish intervention (1625–1629)
Breda
Dessau Bridge
Oldenzaal
Lutter am Barenberge
Groenlo
Stralsund
Wolgast
's-Hertogenbosch
Swedish intervention (1630–1635)
Swedish landing
Frankfurt
Magdeburg
Werben
1st Breitenfeld
Bamberg
Rain
Maastricht
Nuremberg
Wiesloch
Alte Veste
Fürth
Lützen
Oldendorf
Pfaffenhofen
Steinau
Konstanz
1st Breisach
1st Rheinfelden
Liegnitz [de]
1st Nördlingen
Strasbourg Bridge
Swedish-French Period (1635–1648)
Les Avins
Leuven
Schenkenschans
Ray-sur-Saône
Dömitz [de]
Haselünne [de]
Raon
Tornavento
2nd Magdeburg
Somme
Wittstock
2nd Breda
Venlo
Leipzig
Hanau
2nd Rheinfelden
Saint Omer
Fuenterrabía
Kallo
Wittenweiher
Thann [de]
Vlotho
2nd Breisach
1st Freiberg
Chemnitz
Melnik
Thionville
Salses
Cambrils
Montjuïc
Preßnitz
Plauen
La Marfée
Dorsten
Wolfenbüttel
Kempen
Honnecourt
Schweidnitz
2nd Breitenfeld
2nd Freiberg
Rocroi
1st Brno
Tuttlingen
Kolding
Freiburg
Philippsburg
Jüterbog
Bysjön
Jankau
2nd Brno
Mergentheim
2nd Nördlingen
3rd Hulst
Korneuburg [de]
Totenhöhe [de]
Hohentübingen [de]
Mardyck
Dunkirk
Triebl
Naples
Zusmarshausen
Wevelinghoven
Lens
Dachau [de]
Prague
Naval battles
Gibraltar
Genoa
The Slaak
1st Saint Martin
Lizard Point
Dunkirk
Channel
The Downs
Cape St. Vincent
2nd Saint Martin
Lister Dyb
Colberger Heide
Fehmarn :
$_{Treaties}$ :
The siege of Salses (1639–1640) was a double siege during the Franco-Spanish War (1635–1659), starting with a French success, but ending with a Spanish victory.

## Siege

On 9 June 1639, a French army of 16,000 men under Henri, Prince of Condé, besieged the castle of Salses held by 600 Spanish, taking it on 19 June. Six weeks later a large Spanish army of 40,000 men, under Filippo Spinola and Francesc de Tamarit appeared and now besieged the French garrison of 2,000 men.
Condé sent an army of 22,000 men to lift the siege, but suffering from very bad weather, they were defeated in battle by the Spanish on 2 November, with the loss of 3,000 men. Now Salses was alone and hunger forced the French to surrender on 6 January 1640. By then only 800 Frenchmen, of whom 300 were sick, were left. The Spanish army had also lost 10,000 men to disease and desertions.

## Consequences

The presence of a large number of troops in Catalonia contributed to the outbreak of the Catalan Revolt a few months later and the murder of Dalmau de Queralt, Count of Santa Coloma, second in command at the siege of Salses. Salses was retaken by the French after the Fall of Perpignan in September 1642.
# Akira Namba

Akira Namba (難波 暉, Nanba Akira, born April 23, 1996) is a Japanese swimmer. He competed in the men's 4 × 100 metre freestyle relay at the 2020 Summer Olympics.
# Gaula (Trøndelag)

The Gaula is a river that flows through the Gauldal valley in Trøndelag county, Norway. The 153-kilometre (95 mi) long river is the largest in Central Norway. The river begins in Holtålen Municipality near the mountain Kjølifjellet. It then flows through Holtålen Municipality, Midtre Gauldal Municipality, and Melhus Municipality before emptying into Trondheimsfjord near Nypan/Leinstrand on the border between Trondheim Municipality and Melhus Municipality.
The Gaula River is approximately 152.8 kilometres (94.9 mi) long and it drains a watershed of about 3,661 square kilometres (1,414 sq mi). On its way, it is joined by one large tributary, the Sokna, at the village of Støren in Midtre Gauldal Municipality. Other smaller tributaries include the Rugla, Hesja, Holda, Forda, and Bua. The average flow of water is about 97 m$^3$/s (3,400 cu ft/s).
Within the Gaula River, there are two well known waterfalls called Gaulfoss close to the village of Hovin and the Eggafoss near the village of Haltdalen.
In 2005, the Gaula was named the best salmon fishing river in Norway with a catch of 37.5 tonnes (36.9 long tons; 41.3 short tons) that year. In 2008, it had a catch of 42.5 tonnes (41.8 long tons; 46.8 short tons). The Gaula is consistently listed among the top 5 salmon fishing rivers in Norway.
# Kaito Kawabata

Kaito Kawabata (川端 魁人, Kawabata Kaitō, born 17 August 1998) is a Japanese athlete who specializes in the 400 metres. He competed in the men's 4 × 400 metres relay event at the 2020 Summer Olympics, equalling the national record.