OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Taiwan Competitiveness Forum

Taiwan Competitiveness Forum (Chinese: 台灣競爭力論壇; pinyin: Táiwān Jìngzhēnglì Lùntán, TCF) is a policy think tank in Taiwan led by academics supporting Chinese unification.

## History

The group was founded on August 15, 2007, by scholars who "worried about the deadlock situation of the cross-strait relationship [...] and draining competitive power in the country". The chairman of the group at the time was Pang Chien-kuo, a Kuomintang politician.
During the 2014 Taiwanese local elections, Taiwan Competitiveness Forum published an opinion poll about Ko Wen-je's MG149 controversy. The opinion poll, however, is heavily criticised for push poll:
   針對柯文哲在臺大醫院私設帳戶並接受得標廠商捐款，臺大醫院院長在立法院公開表示這是違法的。在這件事情上，請問您相不相信柯文哲是清白的？ Ko Wen-je has established accounts in the NTUH without authorisation and received assistance from bid winners. In response to the incident, the director of the NTUH publicly stated at the Legislative Yuan that it was illegal. Do you believe that Ko Wen-je is innocent?
Liao Yu-Tseng (廖育嶒), master of political science at National Chengchi University, described the questions as "leading", indicated that they "cannot represent how voters truly think". The TCF poll showed that 40.1% believe that Ko Wen-je is innocent and 33.9% do not believe it; while TVBS was 47% vs 22% and The Storm Media was 68% vs 27%.
During the candidates' debate in the election, Peng Jin-peng (彭錦鵬), then chairman of the TCF, asked Ko Wen-je how can he be a mayor with an idea "exempt from the rule of law", while asked Lien Sheng-wen why he "risk his life" to elect the mayor and compared him to Michael Bloomberg. A group of students at National Taiwan University questioned Peng Jin-peng's behaviour, while Peng Jin-peng defended his behaviour.
# Johann Zwelfer

Johann Zwelfer (1618–1668) was a German chemist, pharmacist and physician.

## Works

* Herrn Johann Zwölfern Königliche Apotheck Oder Dispensatorium. Endter, Nürnberg 1692 Digital edition by the University and State Library Düsseldorf
# Centralpalatset

Centralpalatset is a building at Norrmalm in central Stockholm at the Tegelbacken street. The architect for the building was Ernst Stenhammar and the house was built in 1896 throughout to 1998. Today Centralpalatsen is the housing the Ministry of the Environment and at the bottom floor lies the Japanese restaurant Seikoen.
# Susya (Israeli settlement)

Susya (Hebrew: סוסיא) is a religious communal Israeli settlement in Area C of the West Bank. Located near but not atop the ancient Jewish village and synagogue in the archaeological site of Susya, it falls under the jurisdiction of Har Hevron Regional Council. In 2022 it had a population of 1,602
The international community considers Israeli settlements in the West Bank illegal under international law, but the Israeli government disputes this.

## History

An Israeli settlement was established in the area of Susya between May and September 1983, on 1,800 dunams of land. It was expanded in late 1999 by installing 10 caravans on 4 dunams of land belonging to the Shreiteh family. It had a population of 737 in 2006. In 1985, the Susya Tourism and Education Center was established which offers tours and activities in the nearby archaeological site. The center has a hostel and a pool.
In 2008, a large advanced goat pen and dairy, incorporated as Halav Ha'aretz, Susya Dairy Ltd., was inaugurated on Susya's lands with an investment of 3.5 million ILS. It produced goat yoghurt for the Israeli market from a herd of 1500 goats, 48 of which can be milked simultaneously.
Many former Afrikaner Christians, after converting to Judaism, have settled in Susya, which has become a notable stronghold for their group.

## Israeli-Palestinian conflict

On 23 March 1993, Musa Suliman Abu Sabha, a Palestinian was arrested outside Susiya by two guards, Moshe Deutsch and Yair Har-Sinai, because they suspected he was planning an attack on Jews. Taken for questioning, he stabbed in the shoulder or back one of the guards, Moshe Deutsch, while the two were in a car, and, wrestled to the ground, was bound hand and foot. Another settler from nearby Maal Hever, Yoram Shkolnik shot him eight times, killing him. According to the IDF he was found bearing a grenade, although the Baltimore Sun attributed assertions that, "the grenade had previously been removed from him" to unspecified "other sources. Shkolnik was arrested and served seven and a half years in prison for murder.
On 2 July 2001, the body of Yair Har-Sinai, a Jewish shepherd of 19 years from Susya who advocated pacifism was found shot in the head and chest by Muhammad Noor from nearby Khirbet Susya.
One of three victims of the Fatah Al-Aqsa Martyrs' Brigades' Gush Etzion attack on October 16, 2005, a fifteen-year-old boy named Oz Ben-Meir (from Ma'on) is buried in the Susya Jewish cemetery in the southeastern portion of the settlement across Road 317 from the main housing section of this settlement. A friend and he were on their way to visit Jerusalem when he was killed. According to the media, thousands attended his funeral and burial.
# Boston Society of Film Critics Awards 2002

23rd BSFC Awards
December 15, 2002
Best Film:
The Pianist
The 23rd Boston Society of Film Critics Awards, honoring the best in film in 2002, were given on 15 December 2002.

## Winners

* Best Film:
** The Pianist
** Runner-up: Gangs of New York
* Best Actor:
** Adrien Brody – The Pianist
** Runner-up: Daniel Day-Lewis – Gangs of New York
* Best Actress:
** Maggie Gyllenhaal – Secretary
** Runner-up: Julianne Moore – Far from Heaven
* Best Supporting Actor:
** Alan Arkin – Thirteen Conversations About One Thing
** Runner-up: John C. Reilly – Chicago, Gangs of New York, The Good Girl and The Hours
* Best Supporting Actress:
** Toni Collette – About a Boy and The Hours
** Runner-up: Catherine Zeta-Jones – Chicago
* Best Director:
** Roman Polanski – The Pianist
** Runner-up: Martin Scorsese – Gangs of New York
* Best Screenplay:
** Charlie and Donald Kaufman – Adaptation.
* Best Cinematography:
** Edward Lachman – Far from Heaven
* Best Documentary:
** The Kid Stays in the Picture
* Best Foreign-Language Film:
** Y Tu Mamá También • Mexico/USA
* Best New Filmmaker:
** Peter Care – The Dangerous Lives of Altar Boys
# Jose Vaz

Mario Vaz (19 March 1938 – 31 July 2002) was an Indian politician and freedom fighter who was a former member of the Goa Legislative Assembly, representing the Cuncolim Assembly constituency from 1980 to 1984. Vaz also contributed in the Goa Liberation Movement.

## Early and personal life

Jose Mario Emerciane Vaz was born on 19 March 1938 in Cuncolim, Goa, which was part of Portuguese India during the Portuguese Empire (now located in India). He completed his Secondary School Certificate from St. Stanislaus High School. He later did his graduation in Bachelor of Arts from St. Xavier's College, Bombay (now Mumbai). Vaz was also an alumnus of Dhempe College, Panaji. Vaz was married to Pulcheria Vaz and resided at Nanguillo, Cuncolim until his death in 2002.

## Career
### Politics

He contested against his own cousin brother stalwart of maharastrawadi gomantak party (MGP) afronio Vaz(afrank).Prior to winning the seat in the Goa Legislative Assembly, Vaz was a Sarpanch of Cuncolim Village panchayat from 1968 to 1972. He contested in the Goa, Daman and Diu Legislative Assembly election on the Congress ticket and emerged victorious.

### Teaching

Vaz was also a headmaster of Our Lady of Health High School, Cuncolim from 1964 to 1979 and St. Xavier's High School.

## Role in Goa's freedom struggle

Vaz was a member of the Azad Gomantak Dal. He was also a joint secretary of the "Goan Students Association Bombay". In 1956, under his leadership, Vaz held an assembly at Bombay for the immediate withdrawal of the Portuguese colonial rulers in Goa. Following this event, the Portuguese government blacklisted Vaz and was banned entry in Goa till Goa Liberation Day.

## Positions held

* Member of Library Committee 1980–81
* Member of the committee to solve the dispute between Ramponcars and Mechanized Boat Operators
* Member of the Select Committee on Bill No. 27 of The Goa, Daman and Diu Education Bill 1980
* Ex-President of Cuncolim Union, Goa
* Executive Committee member of the Headmasters Association.
# Talk Is Cheap (song)

"Talk Is Cheap" is a song by Australian musician Chet Faker, released through Future Classic on 11 February 2014 as the lead single from his debut studio album Built on Glass (2014). It was voted number one on Australian youth broadcaster Triple J's Hottest 100 of 2014 and received a nomination for Australian Video of the Year at the 2014 J Awards.
The song was shortlisted for Song of the Year at the APRA Music Awards of 2015.

## Commercial performance

"Talk Is Cheap" debuted on the ARIA Singles Chart at number 82 on 17 February 2014 and peaked at number 34 two weeks later. After his live performance at the ARIA Music Awards of 2014 on 26 November 2014, the song reached a new peak of 31. On 26 January 2015, the song was voted number one on radio station Triple J's Hottest 100 of 2014 and following this achievement, "Talk Is Cheap" reached a new peak of number 6. The song has been certified Platinum by the Australian Recording Industry Association for shipments exceeding 70,000 copies.

## Music video

A music video to accompany the release of "Talk Is Cheap" was first released on YouTube on 11 February 2014 at a total length of three minutes and thirty-nine seconds. Directed by Toby & Pete, it was nominated for Best Video at the ARIA Music Awards of 2014, but lost to "Chandelier" by Sia.

## Charts
### Weekly charts

| Chart (2014–15) | Peak position |
| Australia (ARIA) | 6 |
| Australian Independent Singles (AIR) | 2 |
| Belgium (Ultratip Bubbling Under Flanders) | 53 |

### Year-end charts

| Chart (2014) | Position |
| Australian Artist Singles (ARIA) | 32 |
| Chart (2015) | Position |
| Australia (ARIA) | 76 |

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| Australia (ARIA) | Platinum | 70,000$^^$ |
| New Zealand (RMNZ) | Platinum | 30,000$^‡$ |
| $^^$ Shipments figures based on certification alone. $^‡$ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone. |||

## Release history

| Region | Date | Format | Label |
| Australia | 11 February 2014 | Digital download | Future Classic |
# Narayan Palekar

Narayan Palekar (23 July 1927 – 25 July 2006) was an Indian freedom fighter who participated in the Goa liberation movement and was leader of the Communist Party of India. He was the president of the Goa state council of the All India Trade Union Congress (AITUC). He was one of the founding members of the Goan Peoples Party, of which some members later formed the CPI along with George Vaz and S. A. Dange in Goa.

## Early life

Narayan Vithal Palekar was born on 23 July 1927 to Vithal Narayan Palekar in Dramapur, Salcete taluka, Portuguese Goa. He completed his Master of Arts and LLB.

## Nationalist movement

In 1946, Palekar and Vishwanath Lawande formed a small group in Goa Velha that sang patriotic songs and powadas. While organizing a meeting on 18 November 1946 at Maine, Goa Velha, Palekar was jailed for about three weeks without trial.
From 1945 to 1947, he was a member of M. N. Roy's Radical Democratic Party in Goa. Between 1947 and 1948, he joined the party in Bombay. While in Goa, he joined T. B. Cunha's Goan Youth League in 1946 and was part of the National Congress, Goa, between 1946 and 1948.
Between 1948 and 1961, Palekar was part of the Goan Peoples Party (GPP). He became a Secretariat member between 1948 and 1954 and then became its general secretary between 1954 and 1960.
In 1954, Palekar, along with Mario Rodrigues and George Vaz, led volunteers of the GPP to capture more than 60 villages in Nagar Haveli. This was before its complete liberation by the volunteers and commandos of the Azad Gomantak Dal. An arrest warrant was issued against Palekar and he was tried in his absence for this.
Palekar published the GPP's publication, Goan Age, for eight years, along with Gerald Pereira. He worked to shift the GPP's headquarters to Belgaum some time in 1954, and then became its general secretary.
Palekar would secretly visit Goa to help organise protests and guide nationalists. In the 1954 satyagraha, led by V.K. Chitale, Palekar was put in charge of the Goa Vimochan Sahayak Samiti.
He was a member of the Goa Action Council that led efforts to liberate Portuguese colonies. During the events of Operation Vijay, he organised a citizens' committee to help create public support for the army men at the border. On 18 December 1961, he entered Goa along with the army men.

## Post-liberation of Goa

Palekar later became a member of the Communist Party of India's National Council and was its general secretary in Goa. While he was working as a government employee in Bombay, between 1948 and 1964, he worked as a trade unionist and CPI worker after 1954.
Palekar contested elections from the South Goa Lok Sabha constituency as a candidate of the CPI in 1989, 1991 and 1999 but did not win.

## Personal life

Palekar had three children, a son and two daughters.

## Death

Palekar died after a brief illness on 25 July 2006.

## Awards and accolades

Palekar was awarded a scroll of honour by the administration of Nagar Haveli.
# Ten Motives

Ten Motives is a British electronic cigarette brand owned by British American Tobacco.

## History

The Ten Motives company in Cheshire was founded by Art Devlin who, with Tony Jones, was the controlling shareholder.
In 2016 the company was taken over by British American Tobacco.

## Controversies

In 2014, their advertising was ruled inaccurate due to it claiming it to be "the healthier smoking alternative" to smoking.
# David Shobin

David Shobin is an American former obstetrician and author of medical thrillers. Both his first novel, The Unborn (1981), and his second, The Seeding (1982), were published when he was a practicing obstetrician. He gave up obstetrics after delivering 5,000 babies, but continued to teach at the State University at Stony Brook Medical Center.
# Dawn O'Connell

Dawn Myers O'Connell is an American attorney and health advisor who had served as the Assistant Secretary of Health and Human Services for Preparedness and Response.

## Education

O'Connell received a Bachelor of Arts degree in literature from Vanderbilt University and a Juris Doctor from Tulane University School of Law.

## Career

O'Connell served as senior counselor to then-Secretary Sylvia Mathews Burwell during the Obama administration, advising her on high-priority global health and humanitarian issues, infectious diseases, unaccompanied children, and refugees.
In 2017, O'Connell joined the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations (CEPI), where she served as director of its U.S. office. As the director, she was responsible for managing the broad spectrum of CEPI's U.S. and North American interests including its relationships with U.S. and North American-based stakeholders, government entities, and industry partners. She also served as the executive director for CEPI's Joint Coordination Group, a roundtable of institutional partners who all have a vested interest in the successful development and deployment of epidemic vaccines.
Since February 16, 2021, she has served as the senior counselor to the Secretary for COVID-19, where she coordinates the Department-wide response to the pandemic.

### Biden administration

On March 19, 2021, President Joe Biden nominated O'Connell to be the Assistant Secretary of Health and Human Services for Preparedness and Response. Hearings were held on the nomination by the Senate HELP Committee on June 8, 2021. On June 16, 2021, the nomination was reported favorably out of committee. On June 24, 2021, O'Connell was confirmed in the Senate by voice vote. She was sworn in on June 28, 2021.
# Gorin (air base)

Gorin is a former air base in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia located 4 km SW Gorin, Amur, and 75 km northwest of Komsomolsk-na-Amure. It contained a 1 km long remote ramp on the north side. A noteworthy major, but remote airfield. It may have been intended for dispersion of intermediate-range bombers during a Sino-Soviet conflict.
# Gabriele Vulpitta

Gabriele Vulpitta (born 25 June 2005) is an Italian tennis player. He became a junior Grand Slam champion in the Boys' doubles at the 2023 Wimbledon Championships.

## Early life

From Taranto, in Apulia, Southern Italy. He trained at the Tennis Training School in Foligno.

## Career

Vulpitta reached the quarter-finals in the singles’ at the Trofeo Bonfiglio in May 2023. He reached the final of the boys' doubles tournament at the 2023 French Open with Lorenzo Sciahbasi in June 2023, where they lost to Yaroslav Demin and Rodrigo Pacheco Méndez. The following month, he also reached the final of the boys' doubles at the 2023 Wimbledon Championship, this time alongside the Czech player Jakub Filip. They won the final in straight sets against Arthur Géa and Branko Đurić.

## Junior Grand Slam finals
### Doubles: 2 (1 title, 1 runner-up)

| Result | Year | Tournament | Surface | Partner | Opponents | Score |
| Loss | 2023 | French Open | Clay | Lorenzo Sciahbasi | Yaroslav Demin Rodrigo Pacheco Méndez | 2–6, 3–6 |
| Win | 2023 | Wimbledon | Grass | Jakub Filip | Arthur Géa Branko Đurić | 6–3, 6–3 |
# Rio Pomba

Rio Pomba is a municipality in the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais founded on 25 December 1767. The population is 17,959 (2020 est.) in an area of 252 km$^2$. The municipality is located at a mean elevation of 441 m.

## History

In the 1700s, the region of the Pomba River valley was inhabited by the Coroados and Coropós indigenous peoples. As they came into contact with the colonizers, initially the residents of Guarapiranga (Piranga), they experienced oppression and domination, leading to violent clashes. In 1776, Governor Luís Diogo Lobo da Silva sought a religious solution to the conflict from the Diocese of Mariana. Father Manuel de Jesus Maria offered himself for a "civilizing" mission.
On October 13, 1831, an imperial resolution elevated the settlement of São Manuel do Pomba to a village, which came to encompass the parishes of numerous other localities such as Mercês, São João Nepomuceno do Rio Novo, Santa Rita da Meia Pataca, Bonfim, among others. The current name was adopted in 1948.

## Notable people

* Alisson, Football player
# Leslie Bartlett

Leslie Bartlett (died 2004) was a butler, toastmaster and founder of the London School of British Butlers.
He also was an advisor to the 1995 film The Grotesque. The film had mediocre success but included singer Sting as part of the cast who was adviced my Leslie on how to be a Butler.
In a career spanning over 60 years Leslie was closely affiliated with several members of the British Royal family, most notably the Queen Mother.
Later in life he dedicated his time into training young people that wished to follow the Butler profession, producing some of the best professionals in Private Service
# Cold (disambiguation)

Cold is the presence of low temperature, especially in the atmosphere.
Cold or COLD may also refer to:

## Medicine

* Chest cold, a short-term inflammation of the airways (bronchi) of the lungs
* Chronic obstructive lung disease, a type of progressive lung disease
* Common cold, a viral infectious disease of the upper respiratory system

## Arts, entertainment and media
### Music
#### Groups

* Cold (band), a post-grunge band
* The Cold (rock band), a new wave band

#### Albums

* Cold (Cold album), 1998
* Cold (Lycia album), 1996
* Cold (mixtape), 2013 by James Ferraro
* Coldness (album), 2004 by power metal band Kotipelto
* The Cold (album), 2010 by thrash metal band Flotsam And Jetsam

#### Songs

* "Cold" (Annie Lennox song), 1992
* "Cold (But I'm Still Here)", a 2005 song by Evans Blue
* Cold (Chris Stapleton song), 2020
* "Cold" (Crossfade song), 2004
* "Cold" (Deep Obsession song), 1999
* "Cold" (Five Finger Death Punch song), 2013
* "Cold" (Kanye West song), 2012
* "Cold" (Korn song), 2019
* "Cold" (Maroon 5 song), 2017
* "Cold" (Maxwell song), 2009
* "Cold" (O'G3NE song), 2015
* "Cold" (Static-X song), 2002
* "Cold" (Stormzy song), 2017
* "Cold" (Tears for Fears song), 1993
* "Cold", by At the Gates from the album Slaughter of the Soul
* "Cold", by Before the Dawn from the album Soundscape of Silence
* "Cold", by Craig David
* "Cold", by the Cure from the album Pornography, 1982
* "Cold", by Jace Chan from the album Processing, 2021
* "Cold", by James Blunt from the album Once Upon a Mind
* "Cold", by John Gary
* "Cold", by Julian Lennon from the album Photograph Smile
* "Cold", by Lacuna Coil from In a Reverie
* "Cold", by Matchbox Twenty from the album More Than You Think You Are
* "Cold", by Neffex, 2018
* "Cold", by Nicole Scherzinger
* "Cold", by Omnium Gatherum from the album The Burning Cold
* "Cold", by Post Malone from the album Stoney
* "Cold", by Rae Morris from the album Unguarded
* "The Cold", by Ryan Adams from the album Prisoner: End of the World Edition
* "Cold", by Siobhan Fahey from the album Songs from the Red Room
* "Cold", by Stabbing Westward from the EP Dead and Gone

### Film

* Cold (film), a 2013 Irish film by and with Eoin Macken

### Television

* "Cold" (Law & Order: Special Victims Unit)
* "The Cold" (Modern Family), an episode from the TV series Modern Family
* "The Cold", an episode of season 7 of The West Wing

### Other fiction

* Cold (novel), a 1996 James Bond novel by John Gardner
* Captain Cold, American animated supervillain

## Other uses

* Computer Output to Laser Disc, a method of data storage and retrieval
* Confidence of Life Detection Scale (CoLD), used by NASA's astrobiologists
# Hackthorpe

Hackthorpe is a hamlet in Westmorland and Furness, in the county of Cumbria, England. Circa 1870, it had a population of 110 as recorded in the Imperial Gazetteer of England and Wales.

## Location

It is located on the A6 road just south of Lowther which the two settlements could be considered to be conjoined, and about four miles from the town of Penrith. It is close to the M6 motorway, but there is no access to Hackthorpe from the M6.
# Gennaro Lombardi

Gennaro Lombardi (August 6, 1887–November 24, 1958) was an Italian immigrant who moved to the United States in 1904. He has sometimes been credited for opening the first pizzeria in the United States, Lombardi's, at 53½ Spring Street. However, later research has shown both that he did not open the restaurant and that other New York pizzerias preceded.
The traditional story holds that Lombardi opened a small grocery store in New York City's Little Italy. An employee of his, fellow Italian immigrant Antonio Totonno Pero, began making pizza for the store to sell. Their pizza became so popular that Lombardi opened the first U.S. pizzeria in 1905, naming it simply Lombardi's. Although Lombardi was influenced by the pies of Naples, he was forced to adapt pizza to Americans. The wood-fired ovens and mozzarella di bufala were substituted with coal powered ovens and fior di latte (made from cow's milk), beginning the evolution of the American pie. In 1924, Totonno left Lombardi's and followed the expanding New York City Subway lines to Coney Island, where he opened Totonno's.
Later research has cast suspicion on elements of that narrative. Gennaro Lombardi came to the United States for the first time in November 1904 at age 17, classified as a laborer. If he became involved with the pizzeria at 53½ Spring Street in 1905, it was as an employee, not as an owner. Research suggests Filippo Milone opened the pizzeria, as well as two others documented before 1905. Milone also opened the pizzeria that would become John's of Bleecker Street in 1915.
New York city directories also list a different pizzeria (Giovanni Albano’s at 59½ Mulberry St.) already open in 1894. As for the restaurant commonly named Lombardi's, records show it was being operated by Giovanni Santillo as "Antica Pizzeria Napoletana" several months before Lombardi arrived in the United States. Lombardi did own the pizzeria briefly in 1908 and again permanently after 1918; the name "Lombardi’s Restaurant" dates only to 1939.