OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Justus Müller Hofstede

Justus Müller Hofstede (9 May 1929 - 27 April 2015) was a German art historian, the son of the art historian Cornelius Müller Hofstede (1898–1974), who had been director of the Gemäldegalerie in Berlin from 1957 to 1964.

## Life

Born in Berlin, he received his doctorate from Freiburg University in 1959, habilitating from the University of Bonn with a thesis on Peter Paul Rubens' time in Italy from 1600 to 1608. He was a professor in the latter university's Art Historical Institute. From 1996 to 1998 he was a lecturer on its "The Renaissance in Italy and its European Reception" course on the graduate programme.
From 1977 to 2004 he was chairman of Bonn's Local History and History Association (Bonner Heimat- und Geschichtsverein) and in that role was a co-founder of the Bonn City Museum. In 1985 he received the Rhineland Medal, in 1990 the Cross of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany and in 1995 the Officer's Cross of the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic. He died in Bonn.

## Selected works
### Author

* Otto van Veen, der Lehrer des P. P. Rubens, Freiburg i. B. 1959 [Maschinenschr. Dissertation]
* Wort und Bild in der niederländischen Kunst und Literatur des 16. und 17. Jahrhunderts, Erftstadt 1984,
* Rubens’ neu entdeckte Kreuzabnahme für Eleonora Gonzaga, Herzogin von Mantua. In: Gerhard Finckh, Nicole Hartje-Grave (ed.): Peter Paul Rubens. Von der Heydt-Museum, Wuppertal 2012, ISBN 978-3-89202-085-1, S. 50–65.

### Editor

* Festschrift für Eduard Trier zum sechzigsten Geburtstag, Gebr. Mann Verlag, Berlin 1981, ISBN 3-7861-1269-X
* Florenz in der Frührenaissance. Kunst – Literatur – Epistolographie in der Sphäre des Humanismus, CMZ-Verlag, Rheinbach 2002, ISBN 3-87062-090-0

## Bibliography (in German)

* Studien zur Niederländischen Kunst. Festschrift für Justus Müller Hofstede. (= Wallraf-Richartz Jahrbuch. Westdeutsches Jahrbuch für Kunstgeschichte. Bd. 55) Köln: DuMont Schauberg. 1994.
* Bonner Geschichtsblätter. Bd. 53/54, Bonn 2004. ISSN 0068-0052, darin:
** Heijo Klein: Der Kunsthistoriker Justus Müller Hofstede
** Manfred van Rey: Prof. Dr. Justus Müller Hofstede als Vorsitzender des Bonner Heimat- und Geschichtsvereins
# Hammer Battalion

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| About.com | |
Hammer Battalion is the ninth studio album by the Swedish death metal band Unleashed. It was recorded at Fredrik Folkare's recording studio in Sweden and released on 10 June 2008, by Steamhammer (a division of SPV records). A music video was shot for Black Horizon, and it debuted on MTV Headbangers blog.

## Personnel

* Johnny Hedlund – vocals, bass
* Fredrik Folkare – lead guitar
* Tomas Måsgard – rhythm guitar
* Anders Schultz – drums
# Govt. Degree College Tangdhar Karnah

Govt Degree College Tangdhar is a government college in Karnah tehsil of Kupwara district in the Indian union territory of Jammu and Kashmir. It was established in April 2008 and is the only college in the tehsil. Professor Basharat Qadri was the first principal of Govt. Degree College Tangdhar. The college is located in upper Kandi village of Karnah which is two kilometre away from the main town of Tangdhar. The college offers undergraduate courses in science and arts.
The college is affiliated to the University of Kashmir in Srinagar.
# Ledići

Ledići is a village in the municipality of Trnovo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

## Demographics

According to the 2013 census, its population was 5, all Bosniaks.
# Grevillea crassifolia

Grevillea crassifolia is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is an open shrub with often thick, elliptic to oblong leaves and red flowers.

## Description

Grevillea crassifolia is an open shrub that typically grows to a height of 0.3–1 m (1 ft 0 in – 3 ft 3 in). Its leaves are elliptic to oblong, often thick, 5–20 mm (0.20–0.79 in) long and 2–6 mm (0.079–0.236 in) wide with the edges turned down or rolled under, the lower surface densely covered with matted hairs. The flowers are arranged in groups of up to four in leaf axils or on the ends of short side branches and are red, the pistil 6–9 mm (0.24–0.35 in) long with a short style. Flowering occurs from June to December and the fruit is an oval follicle about 13 mm (0.51 in) long.

## Taxonomy

Grevillea crassifolia was first formally described in 1923 by Karel Domin in Vestnik Kralovske Ceske Spolecnosti Nauk, Trida Matematiko-Prirodevedecke from specimens collected by Arthur Dorrien-Smith. The specific epithet (crassifolia) means "thick-leaved".

## Distribution and habitat

This grevillea grows in low shrubland in scattered populations on slopes in the Stirling Range National Park.

## Conservation status

Grevillea crassifolia is listed as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List and as "not threatened" by the Government of Western Australia Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions.
# Morgan Abraham

Morgan Abraham is an American businessman, army intelligence officer, and politician who served as a member of the Arizona House of Representatives in 10th district from 2021 to 2023.

## Education

Abraham earned a Bachelor of Science degree in engineering from the University of Arizona in 2014 and a Master of Business Administration in finance from the Eller College of Management in 2019. Abraham served as Student Body President of the University of Arizona during his senior year of college. As Student Body President Abraham successfully brought the University's Spring Fling Carnival back to the University of Arizona main campus for the first time in 15 years, worked on student policy engagement and LGBT equity issues. Abraham also successfully lobbied the Arizona Board of Regents and the University of Arizona administration to agree to a "Guaranteed Tuition Plan" for undergraduate students, which locked in their tuition rates during the four year period they attended school, in contrast to the plan proposed by Governor Jan Brewer .

## Career

Abraham started his own business ABECAP, or Abraham Capital, in 2013. ABECAP specializes in converting old, dilapidated buildings to housings with a focus on affordable housing. Abraham’s company was involved in the conversion of the Spanish Trail Motel to affordable housing for veterans. The property was purchased for $2.5 million, and was the largest redevelopment in South Tucson in over two decades. The project received praise from city officials for addressing the area's need for more affordable housing for veterans. From 2013 to 2022 Abraham grew ABECAP into one of the largest real estate conversation companies in Southern Arizona.
Before serving in the Arizona House of Representatives Abraham led the opposition campaign to Governor Doug Ducey's proposed ballot initiative, Proposition 123. Abraham argued that the plan proposed by Governor Ducey would insufficiently fund public schools in Arizona. The ballot initiative narrowly passed by a less than 2% margin, despite the "Vote No" campaign spending only $20,265.50 while the "Vote Yes" campaign spent over $5.4 million. In 2017, Abraham joined the United States Army Reserve as an intelligence officer, having received his commission from the ROTC program at the University of Arizona. He is also a managing partner at Abraham Capital, real estate investment firm based in Tucson, Arizona.
Abraham was appointed to the Arizona House of Representatives by the Pima County Board of Supervisors in December 2021, succeeding Stephanie Stahl Hamilton. While in office, Abraham focused his efforts on increasing access to affordable education, including legislation to create universal Pre-K in Arizona. As an active duty intelligence officer in United States Army, Abraham also became a leading voice for commonsense gun reform in the Arizona Legislature. He was defeated for election in the Democratic Party primary in 2022.
# Itech

Itech is a Canadian brand of ice hockey equipment owned Bauer Hockey. The brand was created by former NHL player Robin Burns in 1984 and was manufactured by his company Itech Sports Products Inc. In 2004, his company merged with Mission Hockey to form Mission-Itech Hockey, which continued to produce Itech products until its purchase in 2008 by Bauer. Since 2009, the name has been absent from the hockey market.

## History

In 1984, Burns stepped down as president of the ice skate manufacturer Micron and started his own company, Itech Sports Products Inc., in Kirkland, Quebec. Initially, Burns set up the company to design and produce plastic face shields. At an old-timers game in the early 1980s, Burns was clipped in the face with a stick. After the game, he said to Red Storey that he would "have some sort of protective mask designed by that time next year." Burns's design went into production shortly after he started the company, and was soon adopted widely in the NHL.
Itech diversified beyond hockey when in 2002 it purchased the Cooper baseball assets from Irwin Toy.
In 2004, Burns merged Itech with Mission Hockey, which was based in California, to form Mission-Itech Hockey Ltd. For the next four years, the company continued to produce equipment under both brands. In the fall of 2008, Bauer purchased Mission-Itech. After the acquisition, Bauer continued to sell Itech equipment for a short time before phasing out the brand in 2009.
# 2025 EAFF E-1 Football Championship

The 2025 EAFF E-1 Football Championship will be an association football tournament organized by the East Asian Football Federation. It will be the tenth edition of the men's tournament of the EAFF E-1 Football Championship, the men's football championship of East Asia. The preliminary competition was held on 8–17 December 2024 in Hong Kong, and the tournament will be held on 7–16 July 2025 in South Korea.

## Teams

Ten teams were allocated to their particular stage. The winner of the preliminary round progressed to the next stage.
| Final Round | Preliminary Round |
| South Korea (hosts)  Japan  China | Hong Kong (hosts)  North Korea (Withdrawn)  Chinese Taipei  Macau  Mongolia  Guam |

## Venues

Preliminary Round :
| Hong Kong ||||
| Hong Kong Stadium | Mong Kok Stadium | Kai Tak Youth Sports Ground |
| Capacity: 40,000 | Capacity: 6,664 | Capacity: 5,000 |
| Final Round ||||
| South Korea ||||

## Preliminary competition
### Draw

The tournament's official draw was released on 15 November 2024. The pot placements followed each team's progress based on the world rankings.
| Pot 1 | Pot 2 | Pot 3 |
| Hong Kong (159) (H) North Korea (110) (Withdrawn) | Chinese Taipei (165) Macau (185) | Mongolia (189) Guam (204) |

#### Matches

Six countries wlll draw lots in 2 groups, two teams on the top in each group will contest in the final.

##### Group A

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification |
| 1 | Guam | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 1 | +1 | 3 | Advance to Final |
| 2 | Macau | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | −1 | 0 | |
| 3 | North Korea | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Withdrawal after the draw |
All times are local time, Hong Kong Time (UTC+08:00)

##### Group B

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification |
| 1 | Hong Kong (H) | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 1 | +4 | 6 | Advance to Final |
| 2 | Chinese Taipei | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 5 | 2 | +3 | 3 | |
| 3 | Mongolia | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 7 | −7 | 0 | |
All times are local time, Hong Kong Time (UTC+08:00)

### Final
## Final round

The final round will be held in South Korea from 7 to 16 July 2025.

### Table

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts |
| 1 | South Korea (H) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 2 | Japan | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 3 | China | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 4 | Hong Kong | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |

### Matches

* All times are local (UTC+9).
# Lembus people

Lembus is one of the subtribes of Kalenjin people. The Lembus group is sub-divided into Pokor, Keben, Bogor, Kakimor, Kamaruso, Somek, Murkaptuk, Agiekablembus, Chepkero, Kapkosom and Emom. They settled in Emom, Chepkero, ElKamaruso, Kakimor, Keben, Bogor, Lembus Mosop, Lembus Soin, Lembus Kongasis (east), and Lembus Kiptuiya (west). Other areas are Keiyo and Laikipia, etc..
The Lembus people are perceived to be Tugen people, but this assertion has been rejected by the Lembus themselves, and their Lembus Council of Elders based on migration history, cultural practice and language Members of the Lembus community insist that Tugen is just a name coined in the 1960s to unite the small communities living in Baringo. In 2019, the Lembus people moved to court demanding to be recognized as a distinct ethnic group and not as a sub-tribe of the Tugen.

## The Lembus and Nandi peoples

The Lembus people have had close relationship with the Nandi, dating back to the precolonial period. It is also notable that the Lembus and the Nandi share a lot of cultural, language and religious similarities. In the 1890s, the Lembus resisted the British entry into Lembus territories and especially the Lembus Forest. The resistance by the Lembus also coincided with the Nandi Resistance to the British in the late 1890s to 1906. The British administrators in Eldama Ravine also accused the Lembus of collusion with the Nandi to fight the British.
# Department of Health (Hong Kong)

Hong Kong's Department of Health is responsible for healthcare policies and the provision of basic healthcare services and established in 1939. The public hospitals are managed by the department's Hospital Authority. The department reports to the Health Bureau.
The department is headed by the Director of Health, a position currently held by Dr. Ronald Lam Man Kin.

## History

In the past, health and medical issues (including hospital management) fell under the purview of the Medical and Health Department. This changed with reforms to Hong Kong's healthcare system in the late 1980s. In October 1987, Governor David Wilson officially announced the government's intention to establish a new, semi-independent Hospital Authority, which would be administered by a new Hospital Services Department (HSD). In April 1989, the Medical and Health Department was split into the Department of Health and the Hospital Services Department. The Hospital Authority was set up in 1990.
In March 2021, the Department of Health terminated a vaccination agreement with a private clinic, after its doctor claimed that the Sinovac vaccine had a bad reputation and that he would not take it himself.
On 1 November 2022, Chief Executive John Lee said that Financial Secretary Paul Chan would have to take a PCR test upon arrival in Hong Kong, and will have to isolate if he tests positive; Lee stressed that Chan would not be allowed any exemptions. The Department of Health, in a press release issued at 11:57pm on 1 November 2022, said Chan was a "recovered case and was not contagious, and isolation was not required," but did not specify if Chan tested negative on his PCR test. The press release also stated that Chan will attend the Global Financial Leaders' Investment Summit but "will not take part in meals," and did not specify the reason behind that if he had "recovered." On 2 November 2022, SCMP reported that Chan tested positive with his PCR test, but did not have to isolate, contradicting Lee's earlier remarks.

## Structure

The Department of Health provides its broad range and diverse services to Hongkongers through different divisions, offices, and centres. The following is a list of them:
* Centre for Health Protection
* Child Assessment Service
* Chinese Medicine
* Clinical Genetic Service
* Dental Service
* Elderly Health Service
* Family Health Service
* Forensic Pathology Service
* Medical Device Control Office
* Methadone Clinics
* Office for Registration of Healthcare Institutions
* Pharmaceutical Service
* Port Health
* Professional Development and Quality Assurance Archived 3 March 2008 at the Wayback Machine
* Radiation Health Unit
* Registration of Health Professionals
* Student Health Service
* Tobacco Control Office

## Drug registration in Hong Kong

Under the Pharmacy and Poisons Ordinance (Chapter 138), the Department of Health's Drug Office is responsible for drug registration in Hong Kong. All drugs sold in Hong Kong are required to be registered with a number, which consists of the prefix 'HK' followed by five digits (e.g. HK-05628).
# Laura Flaqué

Laura Flaqué Centellas (born 21 August 1963) is a Spanish former freestyle swimmer who competed in the 1980 Summer Olympics.
# ETV Bal Bharat

ETV Bal Bharat is a children's pay television channel owned by the Hyderabad-based ETV Network airing animated programming. The network was launched on 27 April 2021, initially with channels in twelve distinct languages.
ETV Bal Bharat is the network's first television channel dedicated to children, and is the only one to include audio tracks in multiple languages, including eleven Indian ones and even English. However, it was announced that the Tamil, Punjabi, Odia, Gujarati, Marathi, Bengali, and Assamese regional channels of Bal Bharat would cease operations by 1 April 2022, leaving their audio feeds to remain with the other six languages on the main channel.
# Zieria fraseri

Zieria fraseri is a plant in the citrus family Rutaceae and is endemic to eastern Australia. It is a dense, bushy shrub with leaves composed of three leaflets, and white flowers with four petals and four stamens. It usually grows in rocky places on steep hills.

## Description

Zieria fraseri is a dense, bushy shrub which grows to a height of about 2 m (7 ft). Its leaves are composed of three narrow elliptic to narrow egg-shaped leaflets with the middle leaflet 6–35 mm (0.2–1 in) long and 2–8 mm (0.08–0.3 in) wide and the others smaller. The leaf stalk is 2–8 mm (0.08–0.3 in) long. The upper surface of the leaves is glabrous while the lower surface is covered with a dense layer of branched hairs and has an obvious mid-vein. The flowers are white to pale pink and are arranged in groups of between three and twenty or more in leaf axils. The four sepal lobes are about 2 mm (0.08 in) long and hairy on the outside. The four petals are about 5 mm (0.2 in) long, 1–4 mm (0.04–0.2 in) wide and in common with other zierias, there are only four stamens. Flowering occurs in spring and is followed by fruit which is a glabrous follicle dotted with oil glands.

## Taxonomy and naming

Zieria fraseri was first formally described in 1848 by William Jackson Hooker in Thomas Mitchell's Journal of an Expedition into the Interior of Tropical Australia from a specimen collected on Mount Barney. Hooker did not give a reason for the specific epithet (fraseri) but the type specimen was collected by Charles Fraser.
There are two subspecies:
* Zieria fraseri (Hook) subsp. fraseri which has leaves which are longer than the groups of flowers;
* Zieria fraseri subsp. robusta (C.T.White) Duretto and P.I.Forst. which has leaves which are shorter than the groups of flowers.

## Distribution and habitat

This zieria grows in forest on rocky ridges and near cliffs in the McPherson Range in New South Wales and the Scenic Rim in Queensland.
# Amala (film)

Amala is a 2023 Indian Malayalam-language thriller film directed by Nishad Ebrahim, starring Srikanth, Rajisha Vijayan, Anarkali Marikar and Appani Sarath . and was an official selection at 2021 Chennai International Film Festival.
The film was scheduled to release on 26 May 2023, but was postponed and the film was released on 16 June 2023.

## Plot

Amala focus on an investigation of a murder with ACP Akbar Ali is assigned to find the murderer. Meantime, inside the forest, lives two girls alone in a house. Akbar Ali finds out some similarities in both the cases and the presence of a psycho-killer comes into the picture. The investigation leads to the childhood of the psycho-killer and it opens up the pandora of the mental state of the murderer who still have evil plans on many, whom he believe have destroyed his childhood.

## Cast

* Srikanth as ACP Akbar Ali IPS
* Rajisha Vijayan as Amala (cameo appearance)
* Anarkali Marikar as Sherin
* Nandini Sree as Amala, Sherin's friend
* Appani Sarath as Basil Jose
** Vaishnav as Young Basil
* Bitto Davis as SI George
* Sajitha Madathil as Sister
* Shuhaib Embichi
* Naif Noushad
* Ann Mariya as Amala Joseph

## Production

Tamil actor Srikanth was signed to play the lead role, alongside Anarkali Marikar and Appani Sarath, who were already cast in the film. Sajitha Madathil later joined the cast, and Gopi Sundar was signed as the film's music director. Lead actor Anarkali Marikar mentioned that Nishad Ebrahim and Muhsina Nishad Ebrahim have been involved in the production of Amala for over 6 years. Anarkali Marikar and Appani Sarath were the first actors to sign for Amala in 2017.

## Reception

Aswin Bharadwaj from Lensmenreviews gave a thumbs-down to the film, stating it as a thriller that becomes highly annoying due to amateur presentation, despite having an ambitious one-liner. Arun Ramachandran of South First wrote that the film is a decent watch about serial killings, featuring an intense story that picks up after the interval block. He also praised Appani Sharath's performance.
# Patrick Murray, 1st Earl of Tullibardine

Patrick Murray, 1st Earl of Tullibardine (died 1644) was a Scottish aristocrat.
He was a son of John Murray, 1st Earl of Tullibardine and Catherine Drummond, a daughter of David, 2nd Lord Drummond and Lilias Ruthven.
He became a gentleman of the bedchamber to James VI and I. He was knighted on 25 July 1603 at the coronation of James I. On 12 June 1607 Murray dined with the King at the Clothworker's Hall in London and was made free of the Company.
He had letters of denization in 1613, and was keeper of the Parks of Theobalds in 1617, as successor to Miles Whittaker.
Patrick Murray became Earl of Tullibardine (new creation) in January 1628 when his older brother, William Murray, 2nd Earl of Tullibardine was made Earl of Atholl.

## Marriages

In 1603 Patrick Murray married Prudence Bulmer, a daughter of the English mining entrepreneur Bevis Bulmer. She was the widow of John Beeston, a nephew of the Cheshire landowner Hugh Beeston. They were granted a royal pension of £300 on 18 January 1604.
He married secondly, in 1613, Elizabeth Denton or Dent, widow of the English soldier Sir Francis Vere. Their children included:
* James Murray, 2nd Earl of Tullibardine (1617-1670)
* Charles Murray
* Francis Murray
* William Murray (died 1646)
* Patrick Murray (1637-1640)