OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Klemens Kurowski

Klemens Kurowski from Drożojewice and Kurów - polish nobleman and senator.
Born around 1340 r. died before 1405 r. Came from Kurów near Szczyrzyc and Wiśnicz. Became castellan of Żarnów. Between (1400 - 1405) - became senator.
As first in his family he used the Szreniawa coat of arms. As was mandatory in his epoch, he changed his previous Kur coat of arms to the Szreniawa one as he served under starosta Jan Kmita from Wiśnicz - starosta of Red Ruthenia (thus accepting his coat of arms as his).
"System Chorągwiany" Clan Banner system - Members of military unit, serving under their commander changed their Coat of Arms to that of their Commander.
Roots of his family lies in masovian family of Kur. Settled in Małopolska since Konrad Mazowiecki ride on Kraków Voivodeship.
In year 1399 by King Władysław II Jagiełło decret Klemens Kurowski became owner of Kurów in Puławy powiat. On 6 January 1442 his son Piotr Kurowski managed to convince King of Poland Władysław III to change law ruling in city from Polish town privileges to Magdeburg rights. City obtains same coat of arms as his previous one: White Cock.
Noteworthy is information about Bochotnica Castle (bought in 1399 from Jan of Bejsc), with at end of 15th century was transferred into hands of Anna Zbąska of Nałęcz.
Oldest document signed by Klemens Kurowski with Szreniawa coat of arms was dated 1396 and was made in first year of functioning as castellan of Żarnów.
* Father of Piotr Kurowski - (Piotr from Kurów near Puławy and Szreniawa) starosta of Lublin, castellan of Nowy Sącz and Lublin
* Father of Mikołaj Kurowski - Catholic hierarch - Archbishop of Gniezno, great chancellor of Kingdom of Poland, Primate of Poland
# Miranova Place

Miranova Place is an office and condominiums complex in Columbus, Ohio. The complex was completed in 2001. It consists of Miranova Condominiums and Miranova Corporate Tower, located at 1 and 2 Miranova Place respectively. Miranova Corporate Tower is 157 ft (48 m) tall and has 12 floors, while Miranova Condominiums is 314 ft (96 m) tall and has 26 floors, making it one of the tallest residential buildings in Ohio. The buildings were designed by the architectural firm Arquitectonica and constructed in the modern architectural style.
# Hiroshi Narazaki

Hiroshi Narazaki (奈良﨑 寛, Narazaki Hiroshi, born June 1, 1981) is a former Japanese football player.

## Club statistics

| Club performance | Club performance | Club performance | League | League | Cup | Cup | Total | Total |
| Season | Club | League | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Japan | Japan | Japan | League | League | Emperor's Cup | Emperor's Cup | Total | Total |
| 2004 | Sagan Tosu | J2 League | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 0 |
| 2005 | Sagan Tosu | J2 League | 28 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 28 | 1 |
| 2006 | Sagan Tosu | J2 League | 8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 8 | 0 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 42 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 42 | 1 |
# Pocket symphony

A pocket symphony is a song with extended form. The term was popularized by English journalist Derek Taylor, who used it to describe the Beach Boys' 1966 single "Good Vibrations". (The description of a "pocket" symphony had appeared in print since as early as 1928.)

## Attributions
### Popular music

* The Beach Boys - "Good Vibrations" (1966)
* The Beatles – "A Day in the Life" (1967)
* T. Rex – "Telegram Sam" (1971)
* Serge Gainsbourg – Histoire de Melody Nelson (1971)
* Paul McCartney & Wings – "Band on the Run" (1973)
* Queen – "Bohemian Rhapsody" (1975)
* Radiohead - "Paranoid Android" (1997)
* Weezer - "The Greatest Man That Ever Lived (Variations on a Shaker Hymn)" (2008)

### Classical compositions

* Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart – Eine kleine Nachtmusik
* Havergal Brian – Symphony No. 12
# Remsen Township, Plymouth County, Iowa

Remsen Township is a township in Plymouth County, Iowa in the United States.
The elevation of Remsen Township is listed as 1440 feet above mean sea level.
# Renate Wilson

Renate Wilson (born Renate Fischer, 20 April 1930 – 7 December 2008) was a social and medical historian and former German film actress.

## Acting career

She appeared in seven films from 1949 to 1957.

### Filmography

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 1949 | The Beaver Coat | Hausdame | |
| 1950 | Der Kahn der fröhlichen Leute | Käthe | |
| 1950 | The Merry Wives of Windsor | Frau des Baders | Uncredited |
| 1951 | Der Untertan | Guste Daimchen | |
| 1953 | Christina | Mädchen auf Dorffest | |
| 1954 | Der Froschkönig | Badefrau Marie | |
| 1955 | Cinderella | Stiefschwester | |
| 1957 | The Goose Girl | Malice – Kammermädchen | (final film role) |

## Career in history

In the 1960s, Wilson moved to the United States. She was a Fulbright fellow at Johns Hopkins University and went on to obtain a PhD in history from the University of Maryland in 1988. She became known for her work on the influence of German emigrants on medicine and pharmacy in the United States.

## Death and legacy

Wilson died on 7 December 2008.
# Church of the Visitation (Seremban)

Church of the Visitation, Seremban, is a Roman Catholic Church located in Seremban, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.

## History

The first missionaries to arrive in Seremban came from Malacca in the late 1840s after Bishop Jean Baptiste Boucho, Vicar Apostolic of Malacca-Singapore, had sent a French priest, Fr Pierre Favre to start a mission in the town. In 1848, Fr Pierre Henri Borie visited Seremban from Malacca, ministered to the small number of Christians there, and worked amongst the indigenous people, making it the oldest parish in the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Kuala Lumpur.
In 1885, the first Christian chapel was erected in Seremban by Fr Hector Letessier, who was a young priest from St John's Church in Kuala Lumpur. He travelled to Malacca once every two months on horseback to hear confessions, and would break his journey at Seremban. He was granted a piece of land by the government on which he built an attap chapel which was dedicated to Our Lady of the Visitation, although it was said that it was named "more out of reference to Father Letessier's periodical stops than of deference to the Blessed Mother".
In 1888, the first resident priest, Fr Peter Perrichon, was appointed to the church parish, and that year the first baptism was recorded. The early congregation was made up of mostly government employees including the British Resident and his wife who were Catholics. After four years, Fr Letessier returned as parish priest who was succeeded by Fr Antonin Catesson who served from 1896 to 1904. Fr Catesson was tasked with raising funds for a new church and, having secured donations from wealthy Chinese from the nearby mining community, the new church was completed in 1899. In 1913, a presbytery was built, and in 1922, electrical lighting was installed.
In the 1930s, it was decided to build a larger church on the site as the number of Catholics in the community had rapidly increased. Retaining only the side walls, the nave was considerably lengthened, the roof raised, a new apse with two large wings added, and a steeple with a belfry erected. The new church was blessed in a ceremony on 22 September 1935 by Bishop Adrian Devals, Bishop of Malacca.
In 1996, a large hall, training rooms and a formation centre were added by Rev Anthony Thomas at a cost of RM2 million, and opened by Anthony Soter Fernandez, Archbishop of Kuala Lumpur. Later, these facilities were considered inadequate to house the increase in the number of Sunday school students, and the church acquired a four-story, adjacent building for RM 1 million which was officially opened on 7 February 2009 by Tan Sri Murphy Pakiam, Archbishop of Kuala Lumpur, and named "Wisma Visitation".
# Plurinationalism

Plurinationality, plurinational, or plurinationalism is defined as the coexistence of two or more sealed or preserved national groups within a polity (an organized community or body of peoples). In plurinationalism, the idea of nationality is plural, meaning there are many nationals within an organized community or body of peoples. Derived from this concept, a plurinational state is the existence of multiple political communities and constitutional asymmetry. The usage of plurinationality assists in avoiding the division of societies within a state or country. Furthermore, a plurinational democracy recognizes the multiple demoi (common people or populace) within a polity. Reportedly the term has its origin in the Indigenous political movement in Bolivia where it was first heard of in the early 1980s. As of 2022 Bolivia and Ecuador are constitutionally defined as plurinational states.
Plurinational states are similar to multinational states, but are particularly often advocated for by indigenous peoples.

## Bolivia

In 2009, Bolivia adopted a constitution that renamed the country to the "Plurinational State of Bolivia", as spearheaded by Evo Morales. Formerly, it was called the "Republic of Bolivia". Later, in 2010, Morales proclaimed January 22nd to be "Plurinational State Day", an annual holiday; it coincides with the day Morales took power in 2006.

## Ecuador

In September 2008, Rafael Correa introduced a new constitution that described Ecuador as a "Plurinational and Intercultural State". The new constitution also recognized 11 indigenous groups within the country. The concept of Ecuador becoming a plurinational state was previously proposed in 1988.

## Chile

In Chile constitutional plurinationalism has been a topic of debate. Plurinationalism was not a concept in the constitutional reforms proposed by Michelle Bachelet's second government (2014–2018), yet the proposed reforms included recognition of Chile's indigenous peoples. The 2022 proposed Political Constitution of the Republic of Chile defined Chile as "plurinational", however this proposal was rejected by a large margin in September 2022. Prior to the dismissal of the proposed constitution the issue of pluranationalism was noted by polls and El País as particularly divisive in Chile. The creation of a "plurinational region" in southern Chile has been proposed by some scholars and activists as a solution to the Mapuche conflict.
Plurinationalism has been criticized by José Rodríguez Elizondo as being used to advance Bolivian claims against Chile for sovereign access to the Pacific Ocean.
# Rafał Leszczyński (1526–1592)

Rafał Leszczyński (1526–1592), of Wieniawa coat of arms, was a voivode of Brześć Kujawski from 1545 to 1550; castellan of Śrem in 1580, starost of Radziejów, sejm marshal, one of the leaders of the Executionist movement and Polish Reformation.

## Biography

He was an opponent to Zygmunt August's marriage with Barbara Radziwiłłówna (around 1548); also around that time he joined the Czech Brethren and became one of the leading Polish representatives of that faith. In 1550 he resigned his voivode office, and was elected a deputy to the Sejm and later became Marshal of the Sejm. He was a vocal opponent of the Roman Catholic clergy and a supporter of the Union of Lublin.
He was the father of Andrzej Leszczyński.
* This biography of a Polish noble is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# Conrad, Count Palatine of the Rhine

Conrad of Hohenstaufen (c. 1135 – 8 November 1195) was the first hereditary Count Palatine of the Rhine.
His parents were Frederick II of Swabia (1090–1147), Duke of Swabia, and his second wife Agnes of Saarbrücken, daughter of Frederick, Count of Saarbrücken. Young Conrad, the only half-brother of Frederick Barbarossa, received the family's possessions around Franconia and Rhineland, particularly those of his mother's ancestry.
In 1156 on the occasion of the Reichstag at Worms, Emperor Frederick Barbarossa conferred upon his half-brother the dignity of Pfalzgraf (Count Palatine, of the Rhine), as well as the Vogtei of Schönau Abbey and of the chapter of Worms Cathedral, besides the Staufen family estates in the regions of Speyer and Worms. From about 1160 Conrad was married to Irmengard of Henneberg (d. 1197) as his second wife, daughter of Count Bertold I of Henneberg, Burggraf of Würzburg. This brought him the possession of the Vogtei of Lorsch Abbey. His endeavours to extend his area of influence brought him into conflict with the Bishops of Trier and Cologne.
Conrad and both his wives were buried in Schönau Abbey near Heidelberg. His two sons did not survive to continue the family. His inheritance passed to his daughter Agnes and her husband Henry V, of the House of Brunswick. (Their heiress would, in turn, pass the inheritance to the Wittelsbach dynasty who thereby became the well-known lords of the Palatinate and Electors Palatine.)

## Personal life

Conrad married firstly a daughter, whose name is not known, of Count Gottfried I of Sponheim, who probably died in 1159 or 1160 and was buried in Schönau Abbey. They had:
* Gottfried of Staufen (died probably in 1187 or 1188)
He married secondly Irmengard of Henneberg, by whom he had three children:
* Frederick (died 3 September before 1189)
* Conrad (died probably in 1186), buried in Schönau Abbey
* Agnes (died 9 May 1204), buried in St. Marien in Stade; married late 1193 at Burg Stahleck Henry V, Duke of Brunswick (died 28 April 1227), Count Palatine of the Rhine from 1195 to 1212
# Kuwait at the 2013 World Aquatics Championships

Kuwait competed at the 2013 World Aquatics Championships in Barcelona, Spain from 19 July to 4 August 2013.

## Diving

Kuwait qualified a single quota for the following diving events.

### Men

| Athlete | Event | Preliminaries | Preliminaries | Semifinals | Semifinals | Final | Final |
| Athlete | Event | Points | Rank | Points | Rank | Points | Rank |
| Abbas Abdulrahman | 1 m springboard | 270.25 | 38 | — | — | did not advance | did not advance |
| Abbas Abdulrahman | 3 m springboard | 289.45 | 44 | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance |

## Swimming

Kuwaiti swimmers earned qualifying standards in the following events (up to a maximum of 2 swimmers in each event at the A-standard entry time, and 1 at the B-standard):

### Men

| Athlete | Event | Heat | Heat | Semifinal | Semifinal | Final | Final |
| Athlete | Event | Time | Rank | Time | Rank | Time | Rank |
| Yousef Al-Askari | 100 m butterfly | 56.40 | 45 | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance |
| Yousef Al-Askari | 200 m butterfly | 2:07.03 | 32 | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance |
| Mohammad Madwa | 50 m freestyle | 23.34 | 46 | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance |
| Mohammad Madwa | 100 m freestyle | 52.06 | 48 | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance |

### Women

| Athlete | Event | Heat | Heat | Semifinal | Semifinal | Final | Final |
| Athlete | Event | Time | Rank | Time | Rank | Time | Rank |
| Faye Sultan | 50 m freestyle | 27.25 | 48 | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance |
| Faye Sultan | 50 m backstroke | 31.36 | 43 | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance |
# Let Poland be Poland (film)

Let Poland be Poland is a documentary film directed by Marty Pasetta and produced by the United States International Communications Agency in cooperation with the United States Department of Defense. It was first broadcast on television on 31 January 1982. The title of the film is a reference to the song "Żeby Polska była Polską" ("Let Poland be Poland"), written by Jan Pietrzak.

## History

Let Poland be Poland was seen on television by 185 million viewers in 50 countries around the world. The Voice of America prepared the audio version of the programme in 39 languages. The programme was also broadcast by Radio Free Europe, Radio Liberty and Radio France Internationale.
The film is an account of events of 30 January 1982. That day was proclaimed Solidarity Day.
The programme was hosted by Charlton Heston. Participants included Romuald Spasowski, Zdzisław Rurarz, Adam Makowicz, Czesław Miłosz, Mstislav Rostropovich, Kirk Douglas, Max von Sydow, James A. Michener, Henry Fonda, Glenda Jackson, Benny Andersson, Agnetha Fältskog, Anni-Frid Lyngstad, Paul McCartney, Björn Ulvaeus, Orson Welles, Maggie Albright. The song “Ever Homeward” was sung by Frank Sinatra (a fragment was sung in Polish).
Multiple heads of state and politicians were called during the programme to make their statements. They included President of the United States Ronald Reagan, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom Margaret Thatcher, Prime Minister of Portugal Francisco Pinto Balsemão, Chancellor of the Federal Republic of Germany Helmut Schmidt, Prime Minister of Iceland Gunnar Thoroddsen, Prime Minister of Belgium Wilfried Martens, Prime Minister of Japan Zenkō Suzuki, Prime Minister of Italy Arnaldo Forlani, Prime Minister of Norway Kåre Willoch, Prime Minister of Canada Pierre Trudeau, Prime Minister of Turkey Bülend Ulusu, Prime Minister of Luxembourg Pierre Werner, Prime Minister of Spain Adolfo Suárez González, President of France François Mitterrand, Speaker of the United States House of Representatives Tip O’Neill, Senate Majority Leader Howard Baker, Senator and Member of the House Foreign Affairs Committee Clement J. Zablocki.
Politicians focused on criticising the authoritarian Polish and Soviet authorities, expressing their support for the Polish people and solidarity with the repressed as well as promising their aid, including material.
The film also showed recordings of demonstrations expressing support for the Poles organised in various cities over the world: New York, London, Brussels, Tokyo, Lisbon, Sydney, Washington, Toronto, and Chicago.
In Poland, the film was first broadcast by TVP Historia on 13 December 2011.
# Extreme helium star

An extreme helium star (abbreviated EHe) is a low-mass supergiant that is almost devoid of hydrogen, the most common chemical element of the Universe. Since there are no known conditions where stars devoid of hydrogen can be formed from molecular clouds, it is theorized that they are the product of the mergers of helium-core and carbon-oxygen core white dwarfs.

## Properties

Extreme helium stars form a sub-group within the broader category of hydrogen-deficient stars. The latter includes cool carbon stars like R Coronae Borealis variables, helium-rich spectral class O or B stars, population I Wolf–Rayet stars, AM CVn stars, white dwarfs of spectral type WC, and transition stars like PG 1159.
The first known extreme helium star, HD 124448, was discovered in 1942 by Daniel M. Popper at the McDonald Observatory near Fort Davis, Texas, United States. This star displayed no lines of hydrogen in its spectrum, but strong helium lines as well as the presence of carbon and oxygen. The second, PV Telescopii, was discovered in 1952, and the class of PV Telescopii variables are all extreme helium stars. By 1996 a total of 25 candidates had been found. (This list was narrowed to 21 by 2006.) A common characteristic of these stars is that the abundance ratio of carbon to helium is always in the range of 0.3 to 1%. This is despite wide variation of other abundance ratios in EHe stars.
The known extreme helium stars are supergiants where hydrogen is underabundant by a factor of 10,000 or more. The surface temperatures of these stars range from 9,000–35,000 K. They are primarily composed of helium, with the second most abundant element, carbon, forming about one atom per 100 atoms of helium. The chemical composition of these stars implies that they have undergone both hydrogen and helium burning at some stage of their evolution.

## Theoretical models

Two possible scenarios were proposed to explain the composition of extreme helium stars.
* The double-degenerate (DD) model explained the stars as forming in a binary system consisting of a smaller helium white dwarf and a more massive carbon-oxygen white dwarf. Both stars had ceased to produce energy through nuclear fusion and were now compact objects. The emission of gravitational radiation caused their orbit to decay until they merged. If the combined mass does not exceed the Chandrasekhar limit, the helium will accrete onto the C-O dwarf and ignite to form a supergiant. Later this will become an EHe star before cooling to become a white dwarf.
* The final-flash (FF) model suggested that an EHe star could form as a late evolutionary stage of a star after it had left the asymptotic giant branch. As the star is cooling to form a white dwarf, helium ignites in a shell around the core, causing the outer layers to expand rapidly. If the hydrogen in this envelope is consumed, the star becomes hydrogen-deficient and it contracts to form an EHe.
Examination of element abundances from seven EHe stars agreed with those predicted by the DD model.
# Waag (Paramaribo)

The Waag is a former weigh house on the Waterkant in the historic centre of Paramaribo, Suriname. The building is a monument, and a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

## History

The Waag was built around 1686 to uniformly weigh and levy taxes on goods arriving in the colony. It was located in the harbour near the warehouses of the Dutch West India Company, and was initially a basic building. It which was extended several times, and a wharf was constructed nearby on the Suriname River.
In January 1821, a fire consumed a large part of the city centre including de Waag An architectural competition was organized to rebuild the building. Willem de Vroome was the architect in charge of the rebuilding, and in 1824, the current building was completed.

## Building

The Waag has been constructed with plastered brick, and is one of the few historic buildings in the centre not made out of wood. The building has two stories, and two 12 metre long piers extending towards the river. Inside the building is a wide open space supported by four massive columns, allowing the merchants to arrive with horse and carriage. On the second floor, there was an office of the Bank of Suriname.

## Current situation

In 1965, the harbours were relocated to Beekhuizen, and the building started to decay. The old depots near the Waag were demolished. At the late 1980s, Stichting Waag (Waag Foundation) was established to preserve and restore the building. In 2007, a restaurant was opened in the building. The Rotary Club is located in the Waag as well. Nowadays, the Waag is known as a tourist attraction, and part of the night life.
# Brigitte Flierl

Brigitte Flierl (born 9 October 1956) is a German former speed skater. She competed in two events at the 1980 Winter Olympics.
# Myricitrin

Myricitrin is a plant compound, the 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside of myricetin.

## Occurrences

It can be isolated from the root bark of Myrica cerifera (Bayberry, a small tree native to North America), in Myrica esculenta, in Nymphaea lotus and N. odorata, in Chrysobalanus icaco and in Polygonum aviculare.
Myricitrin is used by several beetle species in their communication system. These include Plagioderma versicolora, Agelastica coerulea, Atrachya menetrisi, Altica nipponica, Altica oleracea, Gastrolina depressa.

## Health effect

Myricitrin is a nitric oxide and protein kinase C inhibitor and exhibits antipsychotic-like and anxiolytic-like effects in animal models of psychosis and anxiety respectively.