OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Zbýšov (Kutná Hora District)

Zbýšov is a municipality and village in Kutná Hora District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 600 inhabitants.

## Administrative division

Zbýšov consists of eight municipal parts (in brackets population according to the 2021 census):
* Zbýšov (226)
* Březí (63)
* Chlum (41)
* Damírov (44)
* Klucké Chvalovice (105)
* Krchlebská Lhota (27)
* Opatovice (69)
* Zbudovice (25)

## Etymology

The name is derived from the personal name Zbýš, meaning Zbýš's (court)".

## Geography

Zbýšov is located about 16 kilometres (10 mi) south of Kutná Hora and 38 km (24 mi) southwest of Pardubice. It lies in the Upper Sázava Hills. The highest point is at 505 m (1,657 ft) above sea level.
The upper course of the Klejnárka River flows through the municipality. Zbýšov is known for Zbýšovský Pond, used for swimming and fishing.

## History

The first written mention of Zbýšov is from 1257.

## Demographics

| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1869 | 1,835 | — |
| 1880 | 1,889 | +2.9% |
| 1890 | 1,652 | −12.5% |
| 1900 | 1,634 | −1.1% |
| 1910 | 1,680 | +2.8% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1921 | 1,572 | −6.4% |
| 1930 | 1,445 | −8.1% |
| 1950 | 1,147 | −20.6% |
| 1961 | 1,165 | +1.6% |
| 1970 | 930 | −20.2% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1980 | 736 | −20.9% |
| 1991 | 662 | −10.1% |
| 2001 | 617 | −6.8% |
| 2011 | 640 | +3.7% |
| 2021 | 600 | −6.2% |
Source: Censuses :

## Transport

There are no railways or major roads passing through the municipality.

## Sights

The most important monument is the Church of The Nativity of Saint John the Baptist. It was built in the Neo-Romanesque style in 1884.
In Chlum is the ruin of the Chlum Castle. The castle was founded in 1276. Between 1620 and 1626, during the Thirty Years' War, it was looted several times and became abandoned. Only the south tower and three rock-cut basement rooms have survived to this day.

## Notable people

* Milan Zeleny (1942–2023), Czech-American economist
# Thomas Gumble

Thomas Gumble, D.D. (died 1676) was an English clergyman and biographer.

## Life

Gumble, for some time vicar of Chipping Wycombe, Buckinghamshire was appointed chaplain to George Monck, then in Scotland, at the end of 1655. Monck, finding him an excellent man of business, entrusted him with many commissions. On 4 January 1660 he was despatched from Newcastle-upon-Tyne to London with Monck's letters to the parliament and city. On his arrival (12 January) parliament ordered £100 to be given him, and recommended him (26 January) for the first vacant fellowship at Eton College.
In 1661 he was made D.D. of the University of Cambridge by royal mandate, and on 6 July of the same year was collated to the twelfth prebendal stall in Winchester Cathedral. He was also that year commissioned as Chaplain to Albemarle's Troop of the King's Life Guards. On 21 May 1663 he received the rectory of East Lavant, Sussex. Much to his regret, ill-health prevented him from performing his duty as chaplain of the Royal Charles during the conflict with the Dutch in February 1666. He died in 1676, apparently unmarried, for his estate was administered on 10 March 1676–7 by his brothers Stephen and John Gumble.

## Works

His only published work was a Life of General Monck, Duke of Albemarle, &c., with Remarks upon his Actions (London 1671). A French translation by Guy Miege (fr) was issued at London in 1672. Some copies of the translation have a second additional title-page, printed at Cologne in 1712, when the work was sold to advance the cause of the Old Pretender.
# Ceyhun Atuf Kansu

Ceyhun Atuf Kansu (1919-1978) was a Turkish pediatrician, author and poet.

## Life

Ceyhun Atuf was born to Nafi and Müfdalein Istanbul, Ottoman Empire on 7 December 1919. After the death of his mother his father moved to Ankara, the capital of the nationalists. He graduated from the Gazi High School in Ankara in 1938, and the School of Medicine of Istanbul University in 1944. He served in the Numune Hospital in Ankara. During this time, he opened a private clinic for the children in a poor neighborhood of Ankara. Then for eleven years, he served as a pediatrician in the clinic of the Sugar Refinery of Turhal in Tokat Province. After 1959, he returned to Ankara to serve in the Clinics of the Sugar Refineries there. He died on 10 March 1978.

## Literary career

Already during the early years of his career, he devoted himself to the children. Later, he also got interested in social issues and national independence. His books, some published after his death, are the following:
* 1966: Atatürkçü Olmak ("Being Kemalist")
* 1969: Atatürk ve Kurtuluş Savaşı ("Atatürk and the National War of Independence")
* 1970: Buğday, Kadın, Gül ve Gökyüzü ("Woman, Rose and the Sky")
* 1971: Balım Kız Dalım Oğul ("My Daughter the Honey, my Son the Branch")
* 1972: Halk Önderi Atatürk ("Leader Atatürk")
* 1972: Sevgi Elması ("The Apple of Love")
* 1973: Cumhuriyet Ağacı ("The Tree of the Republic")
* 1973: Cumhuriyet Bayrağı Altında ("Under the Flag of the Republic")
* 1991: Bir Kasabadan Resimler ("Photographs from a Town")
* 1991: Güneş Salkımı ("Bunch of Sun")
* 1994: Halk Albümü ("People’s Album")
* 1996: Söylevi Okurken ("While Reading the Speech")
* 2004: Kardeş Sofrası ("Brother’s Table")
He also wrote professional books:
* 1954: Turhal Dolaylarında Çocuk Bakımı("Childcare around Turhal")
* 1959: Anneler Soruyorlar ("Mothers ask")
* 1961: Kasabalar ve Köylerde Çocuk Bakımı ("Childcare in towns and villages")

## Legacy

The "Ceyhun Atuf Kansu Poetry Award Contest" is an annual prize established by the municipality of Çankaya after his death. There are a street, a park and a play field all in Ankara named after him.
# Corsetmaker

A corsetmaker is a specialist tailor who makes corsets. Corsetmakers are frequently known by the French equivalent terms corsetier (male) and corsetière (female). Staymaker is an obsolete name for a corsetmaker.

## Design and distribution

The best corsetmakers are highly skilled tailors with a knowledge of anatomy that enables them to make well-fitting, long-lasting corsets. Corsetmakers who reproduce historical styles must be familiar with historical fashions and costumes that span centuries of history. Individual corsetmakers often favour a certain style, and frequently have differing theories and opinions about the physical impact and benefits of various corsets, thereby influencing their corset design and creation.
The main consideration of corset design is duration of use. For short-term use, e.g. used for a special event such as a wedding, a corset will be worn briefly and so is not subject to wear, therefore need not be of the highest quality of construction. For long-term use, e.g., by tightlacing or waist training, corsets must be made to exact standards and are best custom-fitted and designed for the individual wearer. Single weakness or flaws tend to be visible. Some custom-made gowns have corsets built into the design; a talented dressmaker may also be a skilled corset-maker.
Some companies had travelling saleswomen, corsetières who ordered the tailored corsets from the company. Well-known are Spirella (1904–1989), Barcley, and Spenser.

## Notable corsetmakers

* Roxey Ann Caplin - British writer and inventor
* Catherine Allsop Griswold - a Connecticut corsetmaker who held 30 patents, the most of any woman in America at the time.
* Thomas Paine - American political activist, philosopher, political theorist, and revolutionary. He trained to become a staymaker as a teenager, as it was his family trade, but did not stay in the profession after his teen years.
# Ranmore Common

Ranmore Common, also known as Ranmore Commons, is an area of wooded former common land on the North Downs, immediately northwest of Dorking in the English county of Surrey. Its civil parish is Wotton, a geographically large village with a small population west of Dorking. Ranmore Common is within the Surrey Hills Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty, and part of it is Ranmore Common SSSI, a Site of Special Scientific Interest.

## Features

George Cubitt, owner and resident of the estate abutting to the east, Denbies Vineyard Estate, commissioned George Gilbert Scott to design St. Barnabas Church, which was completed in 1859. The church is designated with a Grade II* listing; Cubitt is buried to the east of the chancel. It has several other notable burials including Sir Harry Hylton-Foster, who died in 1965.
The north and south sides are wooded and sloped. Its central belt is a road separating a very long, natural grass and wildflower meadow. On its northern edge are Tanners Hatch Youth Hostel and further, across a wooded vale, Polesden Lacey.
The North Downs Way National Trail, a long-distance path that runs from Farnham to Dover, via Canterbury, crosses the common.
For fifty years the route of the Tanners Hatch Marathon, a thirty-mile challenge walk, crossed the common. It began in 1960, and was so-called because the first few marathons started and finished at Tanner's Hatch Youth Hostel.
# Tsutomu Hanahara

Tsutomu Hanahara (花原 勉, Hanahara Tsutomu, January 3, 1940 – February 5, 2024) was a Japanese wrestler who won a gold medal in the flyweight class at the 1964 Olympics. He competed at the 1958 and 1967 world championships and finished in sixth and third place, respectively.
# Uilliam Ó Duinnín

Uilliam Ó Duinnín (fl. 1670–1682) was an Irish scribe.
The son of Domhnall Óg Ó Duinnín, Uilliam was the owner of MS 1336, which he may have sold to Edward Lhuyd. He transcribed William Bedell's Irish Old Testament, which was published in 1685.
# Alexandros Mouzakitis

Alexandros Spyridon Mouzakitis (Greek: Αλέξανδρος Σπυρίδων Μουζακίτης; born 4 August 1994) is a Greek footballer who plays as a winger.

## Career

On 19 October 2012, Mouzakitis along with three other players, signed his first professional contract with Panathinaikos F.C. On 19 December 2012, he made his professional debut with Panathinaikos. Then, in 2014, he went on loan to Niki Volos F.C. In January 2015, after contract termination with Panathinaikos, he joined Panionios F.C. where he spent the rest of the season. Spending 1 year without a club, Mouzakitis joined S.S. Monopoli 1966 in July 2016. In the January 2017 transfer window, Mouzakitis joined A.E. Sparta P.A.E. In January 2018, he was signed by A.E. Sparta P.A.E. for a second time where he spent the remaining of the season into. He then joined A.P.S. Kronos Argyrades F.C. during the summer of 2018, PAS Acheron Kanallaki F.C. in September 2019, Ypsonas FC in 2020, Aiolikos F.C. in 2021 and in August 2022 he joined A.E. Rodos.

## Career statistics

| Club | Season | SuperLeague | SuperLeague | SuperLeague | Greek Cup | Greek Cup | Greek Cup | Champions League | Champions League | Champions League | Europa League | Europa League | Europa League | Total | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Apps | Goals | Assists | Apps | Goals | Assists | Apps | Goals | Assists | Apps | Goals | Assists | Apps | Goals | Assists |
| Panathinaikos | 2013–14 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 |
| Panathinaikos | Career totals | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 |
# Escott

Escott may refer to:

## Places

* Escott, Somerset, England, a hamlet in Stogumber parish
* Escott Station, Queensland, Australia

## People with the surname

* Beryl E. Escott, Canadian writer about the British WAAF
* Harry Escott (born 1976), English composer
* James Escott (1872–1916), New Zealand politician
* Lucy Escott (1829–1895), American soprano
* Margaret Escott (1908–1977), New Zealand novelist, playwright, poet and drama teacher
* Thomas Hay Sweet Escott (1844–1924), English journalist

## People with the given name

* Escott Loney (1903–1982), English cricketer
* Escott Reid (1905–1999), Canadian diplomat
* Herbert Escott Inman, (1860–1915), British children's author
# Rick Ardon

Rick Ardon (born 4 March 1959) is an Australian television news presenter. Since 1985, Ardon has co-presented Seven News in Perth with Susannah Carr. The pair are recognised by Guinness World Records as the world's longest-serving TV news anchor duo, having been on the air together for 40 years.

## Education

Ardon commenced primary school at the Sacred Heart Primary School, Highgate, in 1965 and transferred in 1969 to Christian Brothers High School, Highgate, where he completed his primary and secondary schooling, leaving in 1976.

## Media career

Ardon began his media career at the State's daily paper, The West Australian, where he was Cadet Journalist of the Year in 1977. In 1978 he made the move to electronic broadcasting, joining television station TVW-7 as a news journalist. By the end of the year he was also acting as relief newsreader and was rapidly promoted from the minor weekend bulletins to a regular weeknight news presenter role with Susannah Carr in 1985. Under their guard, the Seven Nightly News rose to the top of the ratings in Perth, where it remains as of today.
His time as a journalist at the Seven Network has seen him cover a number of significant stories, from the Gulf War of 1990–91 to the Bali Bombings of 2005 and the subsequent Amrozi bin Nurhasyim trial.
Other overseas assignments include the Monaco Grand Prix and the Cannes Film Festival. During the Sydney Olympics in 2000 Ardon presented the news to Western Australians from the Olympic Stadium. His on-screen work has been rewarded with 10 Logie Awards as Western Australia's Most Popular TV Personality. In addition to his news-presenting role he has also written/produced three documentaries for the station.

## Achievements

* Lives in the Balance – The story of 114 whales stranded off the WA Coast.
* Riviera Rich and Raunchy – A look into the life of those on the French Riviera.
* A documentary which he himself filmed on the Pacific.
* Led a question-and-answer session with the Dalai Lama at the Perth Arena in June 2015.

## Business interests

In 2002, Rick Ardon's wife, Erin Ardon, received approval from the City of Stirling to operate a bed and breakfast. The bed and breakfast subsequently closed in 2014.
# Malomozhayskoye

Malomozhayskoye (Russian: Маломожайское; Polish: Budwiecie; Lithuanian: Būdviečiai) is a rural settlement in Nemansky District of Kaliningrad Oblast, Russia. It is located in the region of Lithuania Minor.
Under Nazi Germany, the village was renamed Altenkirch to erase traces of Lithuanian origin.
# Vegetable oil (disambiguation)

Vegetable oils are oily (triglyceride-based) liquids or solids derived from plants, including cooking oils like sunflower oil, solid oils like cocoa butter, oils used in paint like linseed oil, and oils for industrial purposes, including as biofuels.
The term may also refer to:
* Essential oils are based on volatile aromatic compounds, and include oils used in flavors, fragrances, and for health purposes, such as lemon oil, or oil of peppermint.
* Macerated oils are oils to which other matter has been added, such as herbs. Typically, the oil used is a food-grade fat-type oil
* Hydrogenated fats and oils are triglyceride-based fats and oils which have been sparged at high temperature and high pressure with hydrogen. The hydrogen bonds with the triglyceride, increasing the molecular weight. Oils are hydrogenated to increase resistance to rancidity (oxidation) or to raise the viscosity and melting point of the fat or oil.
# Hugh Cairns (surgeon)

Sir Hugh William Bell Cairns KBE FRCS (26 June 1896 – 18 July 1952) was an Australian neurosurgeon. For most of his life he lived in England. His concern about despatch rider injuries sparked research which led to increased use of motorcycle helmets.

## Early years and education

Hugh Cairns was born in Port Pirie, South Australia, but spent his early childhood in Riverton, South Australia where he received all of his primary school education. He went to Adelaide for his secondary education at Adelaide High School and tertiary education at the University of Adelaide. He was awarded the 1917 South Australian Rhodes Scholarship and went to the University of Oxford to read Medicine. He was president of the Balliol Boat Club and represented Oxford at seven in the Boat Race of 1920.

## Career

Cairns worked as a neurosurgeon at the London Hospital and with Harvey Cushing at Harvard before setting up the Nuffield Department of Surgery in Oxford, in which he became the first Nuffield Professor of Surgery. He was a key figure in the development of neurosurgery as a speciality, the formation of the Oxford University Medical School, and the treatment of head injuries during the Second World War. The Cairns Library (one of the Bodleian Libraries) at the John Radcliffe Hospital in Oxford is named after him, as is the medical school Hugh Cairns Surgical Society. A blue plaque for him at his 1920s residence at Loughton has been erected.
In June 1946 he received the title of Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire.
While at the London Hospital and in Oxford, Cairns trained US-born surgeon Joseph Buford Pennybacker, who in 1952 took over as director of the Radcliffe's neurosurgery department, a job he held until he retired in 1971.
Profoundly affected by treating T. E. Lawrence for head injuries during the six days before the latter died after a motorcycle accident, Cairns began a long study of what he saw as the unnecessary loss of life by motorcycle despatch riders through head injuries. His research led to the use of crash helmets by both military and civilian motorcyclists. As a consequence of treating Lawrence, Cairns would ultimately save the lives of many motorcyclists.

## Death and legacy

He died of cancer at the Radcliffe Infirmary, Oxford on 18 July 1952. The Society of British Neurological Surgeons established an annual lecture in his name. There is a road named after him at Bedford Park, South Australia, adjacent to Flinders Medical Centre.
A ward at the Walton Centre, Liverpool, is named after him.
# John Croft (surgeon)

John Croft (4 August 1833 – 21 November 1905) was an English surgeon.

## Biography

Croft was born on 4 August 1833 at Pettinghoe near Newhaven, in Sussex, was son of Hugh Croft, who at the age of nineteen married his first wife Maria, aged sixteen. His grandfather, Gilmore Croft, a successful medical practitioner in the City of London, left Hugh Croft a competence, much of which was spent in farming. Hugh's first wife died in 1842, and marrying again he moved to Lower Clapton. John Croft was educated at the Hackney Church of England school, and through life held earnest religious views. He served a short apprenticeship with Thomas Evans of Burwash in Sussex, and entered St. Thomas's Hospital in 1850. Admitted M.R.C.S., and a licentiate of the Society of Apothecaries in 1854, he served as house surgeon at St. Thomas's Hospital. After spending five years (1855–60) as surgeon to the Dreadnought seamen's hospital ship, he returned to St. Thomas's to become demonstrator of anatomy and surgical registrar. He was successively resident assistant surgeon (Dec. 1863), assistant surgeon (1 Jan. 1871), and surgeon (1 July 1871), when the new buildings of the hospital were opened on the Albert Embankment. In the medical school he was in succession demonstrator of anatomy, lecturer on practical surgery, and lecturer on clinical surgery. He resigned his appointments in July 1891, when he was elected consulting surgeon. He was also surgeon to the Surrey dispensary; to the National Truss Society; to the Magdalen Hospital at Streatham, and to the National Provident Assurance Society. He was elected F.R.C.S. in 1859; was a member of the council (1882–90); vice-president in 1889, and a member of the court of examiners (1881–6).
Croft was one of the earlier hospital surgeons in London to adopt the improved methods advocated by Lister. His name is chiefly associated with the introduction of 'Croft's splints,' which were plaster of Paris cases made with scrubbing flannel and shaped to the limb. They were employed in place of the ordinary splints and the 'gum and chalk' bandages which had previously been used in the treatment of fractures of the leg. Croft was a strong advocate for early excision of the joint in cases of hip disease.
He died on 21 November 1905, and was buried in Kensal Green cemetery. He married in 1864 Annie, daughter of Alexander Douglas Douglas, but left no issue.
Croft contributed to the 'St. Thomas's Hospital Reports,' Holmes's 'System of Surgery,' the 'Transactions' of the Royal Medical and Chirurgical Society, the Clinical, and other medical societies.
# Charles Smith (topographer)

Charles Smith (1715–1762) was an Irish topographer and writer.
He was educated at Trinity College, Dublin. He qualified as a doctor and practised as an apothecary in Dungarvan, County Waterford.
In the 1730s, along with Walter Harris he discussed a scheme to compile and publish histories of all the Irish counties. The first of these, a history of County Down, jointly edited by Walter Harris and Charles Smith, was printed in 1744. Waterford and Cork followed, but then the society funding the venture broke up, so that he alone carried through the final volume, Kerry, in 1756.
From the 1730s, he was involved with the Physico-Historical Society and the Royal Dublin Society, both societies with similar aims, along with Robert Jocelyn, Samuel Madden, the philanthropist; Thomas Prior, the founder of the Royal Dublin Society; John Rutty the physician and naturalist; John Lodge, author of Peerage of Ireland and Walter Harris.