OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Fuzzy-Wuzzy

"Fuzzy-Wuzzy" is a poem by the English author and poet Rudyard Kipling, published in 1892 as part of Barrack Room Ballads. It describes the respect of the ordinary soldier for the bravery of the Hadendoa warriors who fought the British army in Sudan and Eritrea.

## Background

"Fuzzy-Wuzzy" was the term used by British soldiers for Beja warriors who were supporting the Mahdi of Sudan in the Mahdist War. The term relates to the elaborate tiffa hair style favoured by the Hadendoa tribe, a subdivision of the Beja people.
The Beja people were one of several broad multi-tribal groupings supporting the Mahdi, and were divided into six tribes: Hadendoa, Halanga, Amarar, Beni-Amer, Habab, and Bishariyyin. All of these are semi-nomadic and inhabit the Sudan's Red Sea Hills, Libyan Desert, and southern Egypt. The Beja provided a large number of warriors to the Mahdist forces. They were armed with swords and spears and some of them carried breech-loaded rifles which had been captured from the Egyptian forces, and some of them had acquired military experience in the Egyptian army.

### Legacy

The term "Fuzzy Wuzzy Angels" was used by Australian soldiers during World War II to describe Papua New Guinean stretcher bearers. The term was not widely deemed to be problematic when it was used by Kipling and by British soldiers during the Sudan Campaign or by Australian soldiers in the 20th century; however, more recently some have deemed it to be a racial slur.

## The poem

Kipling's poem "Fuzzy-Wuzzy" praises the Hadendoa for their martial prowess, because "for all the odds agin' you, Fuzzy-Wuz, you broke the square". This could refer to either or both historical battles between the British and Mahdist forces where British infantry squares were "broken". The first was at the Battle of Tamai, on 13 March 1884, and the second was on 17 January 1885 during the Battle of Abu Klea (when the square was badly broken, though thereafter promptly reformed). Kipling's narrator, an infantry soldier, speaks in admiring terms of the "Fuzzy-wuzzys", praising their bravery which, although insufficient to defeat the British, did at least enable them to boast of having "broken the square"—an achievement which few other British foes could claim.
Writing in The Atlantic in June 2002, Christopher Hitchens noted "[Yet] where Kipling excelled—and where he most deserves praise and respect—was in enjoining the British to avoid the very hubris that he had helped to inspire in them. His 'Recessional' is only the best-known and most hauntingly written of many such second thoughts. ... There is also 'The Lesson', a poem designed to rub in the experience of defeat in Africa, 'Fuzzy-Wuzzy', a tribute to the fighting qualities of the Sudanese."
Benjamin Britten adapted the poem for his song of the same name between 1922 and 1923, and it was further revised in 1968. It remains unpublished.

## Other references

T. S. Eliot included the poem in his 1941 collection A Choice of Kipling's Verse.
# Revolution of 1772

The Revolution of 1772, also known as The Bloodless Revolution (Swedish: Revolutionen) or the Coup of Gustav III (Gustav III:s statskupp or older Gustav III:s statsvälvning), was a Swedish coup d'état performed by King Gustav III of Sweden on 19 August 1772 to introduce a division of power between the king and the Riksdag of the Estates, resulting in the end of the Age of Liberty and the introduction of the Swedish Constitution of 1772, which would strengthen the power of the monarch and the start the absolutist period known as the Gustavian era.

## Background

The Age of Liberty was a period in Swedish history that spanned from 1718 to 1772, during which the Riksdag of the Estates held significant power and limited the authority of the monarch. This period saw the introduction of various reforms, including freedom of the press and the abolition of torture.
Before the revolution, Sweden had been governed by a constitutionalist system as a result of an increase in the power of the Riksdag of the Estates due to the death of Charles XII and the subsequent 1719 Instrument of Government which diminished the power of the monarch. This constitution was repealed a few months later, however, it was replaced by the similarly constitutionalist Instrument of Government of 1720.
However, by the mid-18th century, the Age of Liberty had become a period of political stagnation and corruption. Furthermore, the Riksdag had become deeply divided and unable to effectively govern the country, leading to calls for reform from various quarters.
# Dr. Love (song)

"Dr. Love" is a song by Norwegian singer Stella Getz, released in 1994 by Mega Records as the second single from the singer's debut album, Forbidden Dreams (1994). The song was written and produced by Lars E. Ludvigsen and Mikkel S. Eriksen, becoming a top-10 hit in Denmark (6) and a top-30 hit in Germany (30), with a total of 11 weeks on the charts. In Getz' native Norway, it reached number three on the radio chart Ti i skuddet. Outside Europe, "Dr. Love" was successful in Israel, peaking at number eight. The music video for the song was directed by Nick Burgess-Jones. It was A-listed on Germany's VIVA in July 1994.

## Critical reception

British magazine Music Week wrote in their review, "Bouncy Euro pop meets MC Kinky in this track by the 17-year-old Norwegian/Nigerian dancer and rapper who has Ace of Base as stablemates. The selection of ever harder dub mixes will get dancefloors pumping." The song was given a top score of five out of five by The Mad Stuntman in Smash Hits in January 1995.

## Track listing

* UK CD single
* "Dr. Love" (7" Version) — 2:53
* "Dr. Love" (Extended Version) — 3:58
* "Dr. Love" (Vocal Mix) — 6:04
* "Dr. Love" (Dub Mix) — 6:05
* "Dr. Love" (Hard Love Dub Mix) — 7:20
* "Dr. Love" (Hard Love Mix) — 8:22
* Scandinavia CD maxi
* "Dr. Love" (US Remix) — 2:24
* "Dr. Love" (7" Version) — 2:53
* "Dr. Love" (Dance Mix) — 6:33
* "Dr. Love" (Medicine Man 12") — 10:21

## Charts

| Chart (1994-95) | Peak positions |
| Denmark (IFPI) | 6 |
| Germany (Official German Charts) | 30 |
| Israel (Israeli Singles Chart) | 8 |
| Norway (Ti i skuddet) | 3 |
| UK Singles (OCC) | 124 |
| UK Dance (OCC) | 39 |
| UK Club Chart (Music Week) | 55 |
# TH-dimer

TH-dimer, also called tetrahydromethylcyclopentadiene dimer or RJ-4, is a synthetic jet fuel used in jet engines for missiles. RJ-4 was originally developed for the ramjet engine on RIM-8 Talos naval surface-to-air missile.
The fuel is non-volatile, so it is safe to use on ships or submarines. It has a high flash point minimum of 60 °C (140 °F).
Chemically, TH-dimer is a mixture of isomeric saturated hydrocarbons derived from hydrogenation of the dimer of methylcyclopentadiene.
# Jyoti Kapur Das

Jyoti Kapur Das is an Indian director and scriptwriter, known for her work in Bollywood. Two of the short films that Das has written and directed have won Filmfare awards.

## Career

Das graduated from the Film and Television Institute of India (Editing, 1995). From 14 November 2011, she took on the position of Creative Head at Viacom18 Motion Pictures and was associated with several films including Bhaag Milkha Bhaag, Queen (2014 film), Gangs of Wasseypur and Kahaani. From 2015- 2018, she was the Creative Head at Big Synergy Productions where she was the Creative Producer & Creative Director of the web series Bose: Dead/Alive, starring Rajkumar Rao.
Chutney, a short film written and directed by Das, was released on the Large Short Films channel on YouTube in 2016. It won the first ever Filmfare award for Best Short Film award for Das as Best Director and Best Actor (Female) for the lead actor at the Filmfare awards in 2017.
in 2018, Das wrote and directed the short film Plus Minus with which YouTuber Bhuvan Bam and feature film actress Divya Dutta made their short film acting debuts. In 2019, Plus Minus won the People's Choice Award for Best Short Film at the Filmfare awards, winning Das her second Filmfare award in three years.
Das has been directing short films (which go on to be screened and win at various Film Festivals), commercials, music videos and Public Service Ads.
In 2023, she wrote and directed a feature-length Hindi Language film Tum Aaye Ho Toh (Meet. Love. Repeat.), starring popular singer Jubin Nautiyal and actor Shreya Chaudhary, supported by Nilu Kohli, Nasirr Khan, Ekavali Khanna and Santosh Singh. It was completed in 2024 and has been selected at and is also winning awards at various international film festivals, before its commercial release.
# Haligonia

Haligonia is an extinct genus of procolophonid that inhabited Nova Scotia during the Late Triassic epoch. It contains a single species, H. bolodon.
# Grevillea milleriana

Grevillea milleriana is a flowering plant in the family Proteaceae native to a restricted distribution in the Maddens Plains area in New South Wales, Australia. It is currently only known from the holotype specimen.

## Description

Grevillea milleriana is a low, spreading, sub-prostrate shrub which typically grows up to 30 cm (12 in) high and 50 cm (20 in) wide, with the lowest branches trailing along the ground. The leaves are 50–85 mm (2.0–3.3 in) long and 15–35 mm (0.59–1.38 in) wide and are either lobed or entire with up to 8 broadly triangular lobes. The upper surface of the leaves is glabrous or nearly so and the lower surface of the leaves is silky hairy. The flowers are arranged in groups near the ends of branches, 35–45 mm (1.4–1.8 in) long and about 15 mm (0.59 in) wide on a peduncle 5–12 mm (0.20–0.47 in) long, each flower on a pedicel 3.25–3.50 mm (0.128–0.138 in) long. The perianth is 6–7 mm (0.24–0.28 in) long, pink outside and purplish-pink inside with a brown, limb 1.25–1.8 mm (0.049–0.071 in) long. The style is glabrous and the pollen-presenter is 1.2–1.5 mm (0.047–0.059 in) long and wide.

### Similar species

Grevillea milleriana is closely related to G. barklyana, G. macleayana and G. gilmourii, another species described in the same year. It can be distinguished from its relatives by its low, spreading habit, its longer pedicels (3.25–3.50 mm (0.128–0.138 in) long and shorter anthers 0.5 mm (0.020 in) long.

## Taxonomy

Grevillea milleriana was first formally described by Peter M. Olde in the journal Telopea from specimens collected near Maddens Plains in 2021. The specific epithet (milleriana) honours the discoverers of the species, R. T. Miller and Janice Miller. The holotype was previously misidentified as a disjunct population of G. caleyi, a species which only occurs within the Terrey Hills region north of Sydney.
# George Ferris Whidborne Mortimer

George Ferris Whidborne Mortimer (22 July 1805 – 7 September 1871) was an English schoolmaster and divine.

## Biography

Mortimer was born on 22 July 1805 at Bishopsteignton in Devonshire. He was the eldest son of William Mortimer, a country gentleman of that place. His family was connected to other Mortimers in the Teign valley. He was educated at the Exeter grammar school and Balliol College, Oxford, where he matriculated 18 March 1823, and obtained an exhibition.
Thence he migrated to Queen's, where he secured a Michel exhibition, and was placed in the first class of the final classical school at Michaelmas 1826 with the future archdeacon of Taunton, George Anthony Denison, and another. After graduating B.A. in 1826 he engaged actively in tuition. He proceeded M.A. in 1829, and D.D. in 1841, having been ordained on 24 February 1829.
He was, successively, head-master of the Royal Grammar School, Newcastle (from 1828) and of the Western proprietary school at Brompton, London (from 1833). In 1840, he was appointed, in succession to John Allen Giles, to the scene of his longest and most important labours, the headship of the City of London School.
The school opened in 1837, but its prosperity had been injured by the action of the first head-master. Mortimer's administrative ability and genial manner rendered the success of the school certain. He treated with conspicuous honesty and fairness the large proportion of boys, not members of the church of England, who from various causes were found there.
In 1861, he had the unique distinction of seeing two of his scholars respectively senior wrangler and senior classic at Cambridge. Charles Kingsley read privately with him for ordination. Mortimer received in 1864 the honorary prebend of Consumpta per mare in St Paul's Cathedral, and for many years was evening lecturer at St Matthew's, Friday Street. At Michaelmas 1865 he resigned his head-mastership, and for the next few years interested himself actively in the Society of Schoolmasters and other educational institutions.
He died 7 September 1871, at Rose Hill, Hampton Wick, and was buried in Hampton churchyard. He had married, in 1830, to Jane, daughter of Alexander Gordon of Bishopsteignton; and by this lady, who survived him, he left a numerous family.
Besides two sermons, Mortimer published while at Newcastle a pamphlet entitled "The Immediate Abolition of Slavery compatible with the Safety and Prosperity of the Colonies".
# Ken Reid (comedian)

Kenneth W. Reid is an American standup comedian based in Boston.

## Education

Reid received his bachelor's degree from Northeastern University in 2003. He attended Melrose High School and also studied at Goldsmiths, University of London.

## Comedy career

Reid began performing stand-up comedy while a student at Goldsmiths, University of London in the UK. He returned to Boston in 2003 and became a regular performer at the Comedy Studio in Cambridge, Massachusetts.
Reid was a member of comedy troupe The Untrainables, a group of standup performers at ImprovBoston.
He has continued performing and presenting in the Boston area, including the 2006 Boston Music Awards, the Women in Comedy Festival, the Charleston Comedy Festival, the Eugene Mirman Comedy Festival, and the Bridgetown Comedy Festival.
Reid has toured with Todd Barry, and been the opening act for numerous comedians, including Patton Oswalt, Tig Notaro, Bob Saget, and John Oliver.
He was featured in a photo spread for The Improper Bostonian magazine in their June 2009 "Sex and Love" issue, recreating the iconic Marilyn Monroe final photo shoot. That same year, he was featured in an ad campaign for jokes.com that ran on Comedy Central and was featured in Time Out New York as their "Joke of the Week" in September.
In 2010 and 2012 he was nominated by The Boston Phoenix as Best Comedian in Boston, and in 2013 was named "One of Boston's Best Comics and Standup Comedians" by CBS 4 Boston.
Reid is the creator of "The Damaged Goods Auction," a storytelling show in which performers tell stories about objects from their lives and then auction the object off to the audience.
Reid is a frequent podcast guest, including on Hang Out with Me with Myq Kaplan, Unfictional on KCRW, The Dana Gould Hour, Doug Loves Movies and Risk!
In February 2014 Reid started a podcast of his own, TV Guidance Counselor, in which he and a fellow comedian discuss viewing choices from old editions of TV Guide. Guests have included Amy Sedaris, Vanessa Angel, Julia Duffy, Laura Kightlinger, Melanie Chartoff, Laraine Newman, Michael Ian Black and Kumail Nanjiani. That same year, Reid became the host and co-creator of The Member's Lounge, a Variety Talk show.
In November 2018, his exchange with conservative pundit Ann Coulter went viral.

## Personal life

Reid was a member of mid-1990s Boston punk band: 30 Seconds Over Tokyo. The band formed in the same scene as Dropkick Murphys, The Ducky Boys, and The Unseen.
# Ubaldo I Visconti

Ubaldo I Visconti (died 1230) was the de jure overlord of the Giudicato of Cagliari from 1217. He was a member of the Visconti family of Pisa, controlling Cagliari on behalf of his brother, who was judge jure uxoris from 1218.
His grandfather, Alberto, was a patrician of Pisa, while his father, Eldizio, was patrician and consul. He and his brother Lamberto in turn served as patrician and podestà. Ubaldo's grandmother was Aligarda and his mother was a daughter of Torchitorio III of Cagliari, through whom he would have inherited some claim on the giudicato.
Around 1200, Ubaldo was assisting William I of Cagliari on behalf of Pisa in a war with Comita III of Logudoro when the two warring giudici came to terms.
In 1212, there was complete anarchy in Pisa. A pro-Visconti faction was at war with an anti-Visconti one. In mid-January 1213, William of Cagliari led the forces of Massa, Pistoia, the anti-Visconti faction in Pisa, and the militia of Guido Guerra III to victory near Massa over the forces of Lucca supported by the Visconti under Ubaldo, and by the deposed Pisan podestà Goffredo Musto. Pisa was forced to accept four rectores, only one of which was a Visconti.
In 1214, Lamberto and Ubaldo took the opportunity that year to launch an offensive at Cagliari and Arborea, but were beaten off by Comita and Genoa. The war continued at sea, but was arrested by the entreaties of Pope Honorius III, who forced Comita to come to terms with Pisa (1 December 1217).
In 1215, profiting from the weakness of the giudicessa Benedetta of Cagliari, Lamberto assembled a large fleet and landed an army at Cagliari. He captured the adjacent hill, S. Gilla, which dominated the city, and fortified it. To Ubaldo he gave the job of finishing the conquest and securing Pisan control of Cagliari. He forced Benedetta to flee her capital. In 1217, Ubaldo forced her to accept terms surrendering Cagliari. She received her giudicato back as fief from the consul of Pisa. However, violence between Sardinians and Pisans escalated in Cagliari and Benedetta and her husband, Torchitorio IV, made an alliance with Comita and Genoa in hopes of expelling the Pisans.
Meanwhile, Lambert's wife, Elena of Gallura, died sometime before 1220 and, in 1218, a year after the death of Benedetta's husband, Ubaldo arranged the marriage of Benedetta with Lamberto. The two were married, despite papal objections, on 9 April 1220.
In 1230, Ubaldo, who had controlled Cagliari since 1215, died. His nephew, Lamberto's son, Ubaldo II, inherited his position. His son John would be Ubaldo II's successor in the Giudicato of Gallura.

## Sources

* Ferrabino, Aldo (ed). Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani: I Aaron – Albertucci. Rome, 1960.
# 101 Dam-Nations

"101 Dam-Nations" is a song written by Graham Dye and Steven Dye.
The catch-phrase "101 Damnations", is a play on words, derived from the title of the animated feature film One Hundred and One Dalmatians, made by The Walt Disney Company in 1961. The new catch-phrase was originally conceptualized in 1981, by singer/songwriter Graham Dye, and was used as the title for a global-warning anthem "101 Dam-Nations", which he co-wrote with his brother Steven Dye, for their band Scarlet Party. It became the debut single for the band, and was released on EMI's Parlophone label, on 16 October 1982, the same day as the 20th anniversary re-release of "Love Me Do" by The Beatles, who made this EMI label world-famous. The original vinyl issue of 101 Dam-Nations by Scarlet Party on Parlophone R 6058, reached number 44 in the UK chart, and is at present deleted, However, the recording has since appeared on many compilations, and is now available to download. There is also a more recent recording of this song, featuring Graham and Steven Dye, together with Phil Collins of Genesis playing drums, which is not yet available.
It was voted number 4 in the All-Time Top 100 Singles from Colin Larkin's All Time Top 1000 Albums. Larkin states 'it should have been an anthem monster number one.'
# Sony Xperia XA

The Sony Xperia XA is an Android smartphone produced by Sony. Part of the Xperia XA Series, the device was unveiled along with the Sony Xperia X and Sony Xperia X Performance at MWC 2016 on February 22, 2016.

## Specifications
### Hardware

The device features a 5.0-inch 720p screen and a 64-bit 2.0 GHz octa-core Mediatek MT6755 (Helio P10) system-on-chip with 2 GB of RAM. The device also has 16 GB internal storage with microSD card expansion up to 200 GB and includes non-removable 2300 mAh battery.
The rear-facing camera of the Xperia XA is 13 megapixels with sensor size of 1/3 inch, featuring Sony Exmor RS IMX258 image sensor with quick launch and also features hybrid autofocus that utilizes phase detection autofocus that can focus the object within 0.03 seconds.

### Software

The Xperia XA is preinstalled with Android 6.0.1 Marshmallow with Sony's custom interface and software. On August 23, 2016, Sony announced that the Xperia XA would receive an upgrade to Android 7.0 Nougat. On June 16, 2017, it was reported that Android 7.0 Nougat was rolling out to the Xperia XA.

## Variants

Here are the complete description of the Xperia XA variants in the world:
| Model | Bands |
| F3111 | UMTS HSPA+ 850 (Band V), 900 (Band VIII), 1900 (Band II), 2100 (Band I) MHz GSM GPRS/EDGE 850, 900, 1800, 1900 MHz LTE (Bands 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 8, 20) |
| F3113 | UMTS HSPA+ 850 (Band V), 900 (Band VIII),1700 (Band IV), 1900 (Band II), 2100 (Band I) MHz GSM GPRS/EDGE 850, 900, 1800, 1900 MHz LTE (Bands 2, 4, 5, 7,12, 13,17, 28) |
| F3115 | UMTS HSPA+ 850 (Band V), 900 (Band VIII), 1900 (Band II), 2100 (Band I) MHz GSM GPRS/EDGE 850, 900, 1800, 1900 MHz LTE (Bands 1, 3, 5, 7, 8, 28, 38, 39, 40, 41M) |
| F3112(dual SIM) | UMTS HSPA+ 850 (Band V), 900 (Band VIII), 1900 (Band II), 2100 (Band I) MHz GSM GPRS/EDGE 850, 900, 1800, 1900 MHz LTE (Bands 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 8, 20) |
| F3116 (dual SIM) | UMTS HSPA+ 850 (Band V), 900 (Band VIII), 1900 (Band II), 2100 (Band I) MHz GSM GPRS/EDGE 850, 900, 1800, 1900 MHz LTE (Bands 1, 3, 5, 7, 8, 28, 38, 39, 40, 41M) |

## Release dates

The Sony Xperia XA was launched in India on June 27, 2016 with The device was launched in USA on July 17, 2016.
# William Emerson Barrett

William Emerson Barrett (December 29, 1858 – February 12, 1906) was an American journalist and politician.
Barrett was a founder of The Boston Evening Record, and served as a member of the Massachusetts House of Representatives and as a United States representative from Massachusetts.
Barrett was born in Melrose, Massachusetts on December 29, 1858. He attended public schools, and graduated from Dartmouth College in 1880. He was assistant editor of the St. Albans Daily Messenger, then joining the staff of The Boston Daily Advertiser. He was Washington correspondent of the newspaper 1882-1886. He was recalled to Boston to become editor in chief. In 1888 Barrett was promoted to chief proprietor and manager of The Boston Daily Advertiser and The Boston Evening Record.
Barrett was a member of the Massachusetts House of Representatives from 1887–1892 and served as speaker the last five years. He was elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fourth and Fifty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1895 – March 3, 1899). He declined to be a candidate for renomination in 1898, and returned to Boston and resumed active management of his newspaper interests. Barrett served as president of the Union Trust Co. of Boston.
Barrett died of pneumonia in West Newton, Massachusetts on February 12, 1906. His interment was in Newton Cemetery.