OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# John Hetherington

John Hetherington is an apocryphal English haberdasher. A frequently republished story from the late nineteenth century claims that in 1797 he invented the top hat and caused a riot by wearing it in public in London. However, top hats appeared in English fashion as early as the 1780s.

## The story

In 1899 the quarterly London journal Notes and Queries published a letter by a Richard H. Thornton of Portland, Oregon, quoting a "note from a recent number of the Hatters' Gazette". The note supposedly claims Hetherington as having decided to wear his invention of a "silk hat" in public on the 15th of January 1797 with the intention to "cause a sensation" only to be surrounded by a "howling mob".
The note claims to quote an unnamed gazette as having reported the following day that
   John Hetherington... was arraigned before the Lord Mayor yesterday on a charge of breach of the peace and inciting to riot, and was required to give bonds in the sum of £500 [for having] appeared upon the public highway wearing upon his head what he called a silk hat... a tall structure, having a shiny lustre, and calculated to frighten timid people.... several women fainted at the unusual sight, while children screamed, dogs yelped, and a young [boy] was thrown down by the crowd which had collected and had his right arm broken.
The note concludes by claiming to quote a comment in The Times published on 16 January 1797 approving of the hat and stating that it was "destined to work a revolution in headgear".
# Av HaTumah

In the realm of tumah and taharah terminology, the term Av HaTumah ("father of uncleanness," or simply Av) is a rabbinic term for a person or object that is in a state of tumah (ritual impurity), second in severity only to corpse uncleanness. Anything suffering from Av HaTumah ("Father of uncleanness"), such as carrion, the blood of a menstruate woman, seminal fluid, etc., can render those persons who touch it defiled at a further remove, known as a "first-grade level of uncleanness."
A person or object that is a Av HaTumah has the ability to transfer its tumah to another person or object, such as clothing (usually at a downgraded level of tumah), while they, in turn, have the ability to transfer their tumah to both foods and drink (in the case of foods, at a downgraded level, but in the case of drinks, at the very same level).
There are two types of Av HaTumah, the first being one textually listed in the Torah (D'Oraita), such as the carcass of any of the eight creeping things named in Leviticus 11:29-30, or a seminal issue (Leviticus 15), inter alia; the second being one of rabbinic origin (D'Rabbanan), such as a grave area that had been ploughed, or any foreign land, or a dead human's bone the size of a barleycorn, among other things.

## Examples

An Av HaTumah is generally a person or object that is listed in the Torah. Common examples of an Av HaTumah include a zav, zavah, niddah, metzorah (leper), and midras.

## Purification

A person or object that is under Av HaTumah status can usually be purified by immersion in a mikveh and the elapse of sunset.
# Edward Alleyn (Massachusetts politician)

Edward Alleyn (died 1642) was a businessman and early American politician. He served on the first board of selectmen in Dedham in 1639 and was a frequent representative to the Great and General Court beginning in 1638. He was town clerk for two years, having first been elected in 1639. As a businessman, he was involved with establishing an iron foundry.
Alleyn was a "pillar of the church" at the First Church and Parish in Dedham. In early records he was given the title of "mister," which typically indicated that he had a university degree. For his service to the community, he was later given the title of "gent."
Although several men initially complained that he had offended them, Alleyn's answers were sufficient to make him a founding member of the church.
He was killed in 1642 in Boston and buried in the Old Village Cemetery. His descendant, Dorothy Alleyne, married Jabez Chickering.
# Ocker Hill railway station

Ocker Hill railway station served the area of Ocker Hill, West Midlands, from 1864 to 1916 on the Princes End branch line.

## History

The station was opened on 1 July 1864 by the London and North Western Railway. Nearby was Ocker Hill Power Station, which opened in 1897. The station closed on 1 November 1890 but reopened on 1 July 1895, before closing permanently on 1 January 1916. The site is now a retirement home.
# Fine

Fine may refer to:

## Characters

* Fran Fine, the title character of The Nanny
* Sylvia Fine (The Nanny), Fran's mother on The Nanny
* Officer Fine, a character in Tales from the Crypt, played by Vincent Spano

## Legal terms

* Fine (penalty), money to be paid as punishment for an offence
* Fine on alienation, a sum of money paid to a feudal lord when a tenant had occasion to make over his land to another
* Fine of lands, an obsolete type of land conveyance to a new owner
* Fine, a dated term for a premium on a lease of land

## Music

* Fine (band), a late 1990s American band
* Fine (album), a 1994 album by Snailhouse
* "Fine" (Taeyeon song), 2017
* "Fine" (Whitney Houston song), 2000
* "F.I.N.E.*", a 1993 song by Aerosmith
* "Fine", a song by James from the 2001 album Pleased to Meet You
* "Fine", a song by Kacey Musgraves from the 2015 album Pageant Material
* "Fine", a song by Kylie Minogue from the 2014 album Kiss Me Once
* "Fine", a song by Prism from the 1983 album Beat Street
* "fine", a 2019 song by Mike Shinoda
* "Fine", a song by the Linda Lindas from the 2022 album Growing Up
* "Fine", a 2006 song by Lemon Demon

## Brands and enterprises

* Fine (brandy), a term for some French brandy
* FINE (printing), a print head technology used in Canon printers
* Fine Air, an international cargo airline that operated from 1989 to 2002
* Toyota Fine (Fuel cell INnovation Emotion), a series of concept cars

## Metallurgy

* Fine, a term for the purity of precious metals; see Fineness
* Fine, to produce refined metal in a finery forge

## Other uses

* FINE, an informal association of the four main Fair Trade networks
* Fine (surname)
* Fine (mathematics), a property that partially orders the equivalence relations on a set
* Fine, New York, a town in the United States
* Fine flounder, a species of flounder
* Fine, an attribute of certain cricket fielding positions
* Fine, Irish-language term for 'clan'; see Irish clans
# Manlio Moro

Manlio Moro (born 17 March 2002) is an Italian cyclist who currently rides for UCI WorldTeam Movistar Team.

## Major results
### Track
#### 2021

    UEC European Under-23 Championships
       3rd Individual pursuit
       3rd Team pursuit

#### 2022

    UEC European Under-23 Championships
       1st Team pursuit
       3rd Individual pursuit
    2nd Team pursuit, UCI World Championships
    3rd Individual pursuit, UEC European Championships

#### 2023

    1st Team pursuit, UEC European Championships
    2nd Team pursuit, UCI World Championships
    2nd Team pursuit, UCI Nations Cup, Milton

### Road
#### 2019

    1st Gran Premio Eccellenze Valli del Soligo (TTT)

#### 2021

    1st Coppa Città di Bozzolo

#### 2022

    1st Trofeo Menci Spa

#### 2023

    1st Coppa Città di Castiglion Fiorentino
    5th Memorial Polese
    5th GP dell'Industria Civitanova Marche
    7th GP Misano 100 Open Games
# Home Stretch

Home Stretch is the third novel written by the author, presenter, and comedian Graham Norton.

## Plot

In a small village in Ireland in 1987, a car crash occurs which kills three of the six passengers while paralysing another. The novel then follows one of the survivors, Connor, from 1987 to 2019 as well as his wider family through various locations including London, Liverpool, and New York.

## Promotion

The book was promoted on Sara Cox's BBC talk show Between the Covers.
# Seven Solutions

Seven Solutions is a Spanish hardware technology company headquartered in Granada, Spain, that developed the first white rabbit element on The White Rabbit Project which it was the White Rabbit Switch to use the Precision Time Protocol (PTP) in real application as networking. Seven Solutions got involved on it with the design, manufacture, testing and support.
This project was financed by The government of Spain and CERN. Through this project Seven Solution demonstrated a high performance enhanced PTP switch with sub-ns accuracy.
# Step (air base)

Step (also Olovyannaya) is an air base in Chita, Russia located 14 km northwest of Yasnogorsk. It is a large air base with two revetment areas and numerous military fortifications. It is near an SS-11 missile field that was dismantled in the mid-1990s.
The 849th Assault Aviation Regiment, part of the 253rd Assault Aviation Division, was stationed at Step up until 1956.
Units stationed at Step/Olovyannaya include:
* 6th Aviation Regiment of Fighter-Bombers (6 APIB) flying Sukhoi Su-17 in the late 1980s; under 23rd Air Army, Transbaikal Military District.
* 58th Fighter-Bomber Aviation Regiment (58 APIB) flying Su-17M3 and L-29 aircraft in the late 1980s, and receiving MiG-27 in the early 1990s. It was under 23rd Air Army (Trans-Baikal).
* 266th Independent Shturmovik Aviation Regiment (266th Assault Aviation Regiment, 266 OShAP) flying Sukhoi Su-25 aircraft. Disbanded circa 2009.
The base appears to have been closed after a boiler room fire in December 2009. Thereafter, the base was reopened and the 266th Independent Shturmovik Aviation Regiment was reformed with at least two squadrons of Sukhoi-25s in 2019. The regiment by this time had been shifted into the Eastern Military District's 11th Air and Air Defence Forces Army.
As of 2024 satellite imagery shows runway 09/27 to be 3.10 km.
# Rahul Shivshankar

Rahul Shivshankar (Hindi: राहुल शिवशंकर) (born 22 January 1975) is an Indian tv anchor who worked as the editor-in-chief at Times Now. Before joining Times Now, Shivshankar worked in print and TV journalism. He has anchored five shows and has served as the Senior News Editor at Times Now (2005). Shivshankar worked very briefly with Headlines Today (since rebranded India Today) as the executive editor. He hosts the debate show India Upfront. He recently moved to CNN-News18 (co-owned by Network18 Group and Warner Bros.)

## Career

Shivshankar started his career in the mid-1990s as a print reporter.
He was part of the launch team of Headlines Today in 2003, and shortly thereafter accepted the role of lead writer. He led the newsroom of the Headlines Today, where he worked as executive editor.
He was praised for his coverage of the 2008 Mumbai attacks, and contributed to a book about it.
In 2013, he moved to NewsX as the managing editor and anchor and a year later was elevated to the editor in chief. In 2014, the ENBA awarded NewsX as the "Best English News Channel of the Year." At NewsX, he has presented the shows Nation@9 and Insight.

### Times Now

Shivshankar was a part of the team that launched Times Now.
In 2016 he joined Times Now as editor-in-chief, replacing Arnab Goswami.
In June 2021, he was appointed editorial director by Times Network, where he also continued to lead the editorial mandate of the channel.
As of 2021, Shivshankar hosts India Upfront, a debate show on Times Now and he won Best Primetime Show (English) at the 13th ENBA Awards.
Besides India Upfront, Shivshankar also anchors four other shows, including The Breaking News Show and Live Report, and the one-hour weekend show Confront, which invites two panellists to debate on social and political topics concerning state issues, elections and the economy, and others. The show has featured Jay Panda, former Member of Parliament, Yogendra Yadav, National President of Swaraj India, Sudheendra Kulkarni, and Kanwal Sibal, former foreign secretary since its launch in 2018.
As of 2021, Shivshankar writes a monthly column for the editorial page of the Times of India.
In March 2022, a clip of one of his TV debates went viral on the internet. Shivshankar confused two of his guests and spent two minutes berating one of them until realising his mistake.

## Lawsuits

In 2020, the journalist Kanchan Srivastava filed a Rs 5 crore defamation suit against Shivshankar and Times Now's managing director Vineet Jain, accusing Shivshankar of defaming her by presenting her as "Rhea lobby" (supporter of the actor Rhea Chakraborty), on his India Upfront show.
Mamata Banerjee's nephew and Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha, Abhishek Banerjee lodged a case against Shivshankar for allegedly telecasting a 'defamatory' audiotape about him on Times Now news channel.
# Mastery Charter School Mann Elementary

The Mastery Charter School Mann Elementary, formerly known as the William B. Mann School, is an historic, American school that is located in the Wynnefield neighborhood of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. It is a charter school run by Mastery Charter Schools.

## History and architectural features

The building was designed by Irwin T. Catharine and built between 1923 and 1924. It is a three-story, nine-bay by five-bay, brick building that sits on a raised basement. Designed in the Colonial Revival style, it features large stone arch surrounds on the first level, a projecting entrance pavilion, a double stone cornice, and brick parapet that is topped by stone coping. The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1988.
It was named for Philadelphia lawyer William B. Mann (1816-1896).
# Mark Huntley

Mark Allen Huntley (June 4, 1956 – February 3, 2025) was an American politician.

## Background

Huntley was born on June 4, 1956, and attended Rutland High School. He worked as a financial planner, managing Huntley Financial Services in Ludlow for over two decades, and was a percussionist as well. Huntley was married to Sharon Beaupre from 1991 until their divorce in 2013. He died on February 3, 2025, at the age of 68.

## Political career

Huntley was a Democratic member of the Cavendish Board of Selectmen from 2006 until 2012. In 2011, Huntley was elected to a three-year term as lister in Windsor County. The following year, he won the Windsor-2 seat in the Vermont House of Representatives against fellow Cavendish selectman Scott Ranney. Huntley was reelected in 2014, defeating independent candidate Stuart Lindberg.
# Punisher (disambiguation)

The Punisher (Frank Castle) is a Marvel comic book character.
Punisher or the Punisher may also refer to:

## Marvel Comics "The Punisher" franchise
### Characters

* Lynn Michaels, a character who briefly used the alias, from the Marvel Comics main 616 universe

### Comic books

* Punisher (comic book), a comic book title mostly starring the Frank Castle character
** Punisher (1995 series), first series of the title
** Punisher (2009 series), second series of the title
* The Punisher (comic book), a comic book title mostly starring the Frank Castle character

### Video games

* The Punisher (1990 NES video game), a 1990 video game based on the Marvel Comics character
* The Punisher (1990 computer game), a 1990 computer game based on the Marvel Comics character
* The Punisher (1993 video game), a 1993 arcade game based on the Marvel Comics character
* The Punisher (2004 video game), a 2005 video game based on the Marvel Comics character

### Films

* The Punisher (1989 film), a 1989 film based on the Marvel Comics character (in main role: Dolph Lundgren)
* The Punisher (2004 film), a 2004 film based on the Marvel Comics character (in main role: Thomas Jane)
* The Punisher: War Zone, a 2008 film based on the Marvel Comics character (in main role: Ray Stevenson)

### Music

* The Punisher (1989 score), the score from the 1989 film
* The Punisher (2004 score), the score from the 2004 film
* The Punisher: The Album, the album for the 2004 film

### Television

* The Punisher (TV series), an American web series based on the Marvel Comics character

## Other entertainment

* Punisher (1968 film), a Soviet drama film
* Punisher (album), by Phoebe Bridgers, 2020
* "Punisher", a song by K.Flay from Mono, 2023
* "Punisher", a song by Veil of Maya from Eclipse, 2012
* Punisher (Galactus), a robot in the service of the Marvel comic book character Galactus
* The Punisher, a character on the Canadian YTV game show Uh Oh!

## Military

* Punisher (drone), a small Ukrainian unmanned aircraft used to defend against the 2022 Russian invasion
* XM25 CDTE, a grenade launcher, also known as the Punisher

## People
### Nickname

* Andre Agassi (born 1970), American tennis player
* Aristides Aquino (born 1994), Dominican outfielder for the Cincinnati Reds
* Big Pun (1971-2000), American rapper
* Cathal Pendred (born 1987), American-born Irish actor and former mixed martial artist
* Rodrigo Duterte (born 1945), Filipino politician
* Marek Piotrowski (born 1964), Polish mixed martial artist
* Ramazan Ramazanov (born 1984), Russian mixed martial artist

### Stagename

* The Punisher, former ring name of WWE wrestler The Undertaker (born 1965)
* The Punisher, alias of TNA wrestler Andrew Martin (1975–2009)
# Nettlemas

Nettlemas is a former Irish custom previously associated with the first of May. The preceding day, 30 April, was called "Nettlemas night".
The custom is mentioned in Samuel Carter Hall's Ireland, Its Scenery, Character &c (1841), where it is described as "peculiar to Cork". Hall writes that, on Nettlemas night, boys in Cork walked in the streets stinging one another with nettles.
In Ireland's Wild Plants – Myths, Legends & Folklore (2017), author Niall Mac Coitir suggests that this folk custom was associated with "southern parts of County Cork" and compares it to a similar tradition, known as "Stinging Nettle Day", in South West England. Other sources describe similar customs in parts of Scotland, Devon and Cornwall.
# Bulganbaatar

Bulganbaatar is an extinct genus of early mammals from the Upper Cretaceous.
It is a member of the extinct order Multituberculata. It lies within the suborder Cimolodonta and is a member of the superfamily Djadochtatherioidea. The genus Bulganbaatar was named by Zofia Kielan-Jaworowska in 1974 after the village of Bulgan situated near Bayn Dzak. It is one of many Cretaceous aged mammal discoveries made by Kielan-Jaworowska and co-workers from Central Asian sites. Kielan-Jaworowska considered B.nemegtbaatorides to be the ancestor to the genus Nemegtbaatar due to similarity but more derived teeth in the latter, hence the names. According to Kielan-Jaworowska and Hurum, both Bulganbaatar and Nemegtbaatar are distinctive for exhibiting "elongation of the last upper premolar and molars, and an increase in their cusp numbers."
Fossil remains of Bulganbaatar have been found in Upper Cretaceous-aged strata of the Djadokhta Formation of Mongolia and Kazakhstan. Their appearances range between 84 and 81 million years ago, from the late Santonian to the early Campanian ages.
# Wilburton, Washington

Wilburton is a neighborhood in Bellevue, Washington, United States. It is situated to the east of downtown Bellevue, and to the west of the Crossroads and Lake Hills neighborhoods. Wilburton started out as an old logging camp, and was annexed by Bellevue in 1967. Currently, 3,790 people live in Wilburton.

## Background

Wilburton was logged beginning in the 1890s by a man named William Powell. The first sawmill on the site was built in 1903 by George England and Manley Wilbur, from where Wilburton gets its name. In 1904, the town of Wilburton was platted and in 1905, the Hewitt-Lea Lumber Company took over the logging and milling operations. It built a spur line that followed Kelsey Creek up to the Lake Hills area and brought in the town's first locomotive in 1907.
The Hewitt-Lea Lumber Company logged the region between Lake Hills and the northern end of Cougar Mountain. The sawmill buildings were located underneath the current 405 overpass near the base of the Wilburton Trestle. Its operations were supported by a town of more than 350 people. The mill closed in 1919 when harvestable timber ran out. By the end of the 1920s, the mill and all logging-related structures were gone, but the town remained. Most of the houses were demolished by the 1960s and the properties have been re-developed into condominiums, apartments, and office parks.
Wilburton contains the International School, Wilburton Hill Park, Bellevue Botanical Garden and the 160-acre Kelsey Creek Park.
# WCXS

WCXS (1480 AM) is a commercial radio station in Arcadia, Florida, broadcasting a classic country format. It is owned by Florini Broadcasting LLC.
By day, WCXS is powered at 1,000 watts. But at night, to avoid interfering with other stations on 1480 AM, it reduces power to 131 watts. Programming is also heard on FM translator W283DB at 104.5 MHz. It uses its translator's dial position, calling itself "Classic Country 104.5."

## History

The station signed on the air on September 3, 1955; 69 years ago (1955-09-03). Its call sign was WAPG. It was originally a daytimer station, required to go off the air at sunset to avoid interfering with other stations.
In the early 2000s, it ran a talk radio format. It had a schedule of nationally syndicated talk programs including Dave Ramsey, Doug Stephan, Todd Starnes, Sean Hannity, and Tom Sullivan. Hourly news updates came from CBS News Radio. Weekends featured a combination of news and do it yourself programming.
The station changed its call sign from WFLN to WCXS on March 3, 2020. In late May 2020, WCXS changed its format from talk to classic country music, branded as "Classic Country 104.5".
# Bernice Chauly

Bernice Chauly (born 1968, Georgetown, Penang) is a Malaysian writer, poet, educator, festival director, actor, photographer and filmmaker.

## Biography

Born to a Chindian teacher couple, she read Education and English Literature at the University of Winnipeg, Canada as a government scholar.
She is the author of seven books, which include poetry and prose; going there and coming back (1997), The Book of Sins (2008), Lost in KL (2008), the acclaimed memoir Growing Up With Ghosts (2011) which won in the Popular Readers’ Choice Awards 2012 in the Non-Fiction Category, Onkalo (2013), her third collection of poems which Nobel laureate J.M Coetzee has said is "direct, honest and powerful", Once We Were There (2017) published by Epigram Books, Incantations/Incarcerations (2019) published by Gerakbudaya.
In 1998, she began organising literary events in Kuala Lumpur and in 2005, founded Readings, the longest-running live literary platform in Kuala Lumpur. In 2011, she was Festival Director for the Writers Unlimited Tour Kuala Lumpur/Makassar and is the Festival Director of the George Town Literary Festival in Penang (2011 – 2018), the only international literature festival in Malaysia. The festival was awarded The Literary Festival Award at the London Book Fair (2019). The award judges stated that "the GTLF stands outs a vibrant, diverse and brave festival that engages with a wide community of voices, speaking to the world from a complex region." She was also the co-curator of at Read My World International Literature Festival Amsterdam (2015). In 2018, Chauly formed PEN Malaysia and was nominated as Director in 2019. PEN Malaysia aims to uphold freedoms of speech and expression in Malaysia and to conduct key events to foster literacy and the love of literature amongst its multicultural society.
She was a resident at the University of Iowa's International Writing Program in 2014 and is the Founder and Director of the KL Writers Workshop. She currently teaches creative writing at the University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus. For over 20 years, she worked extensively in the creative industries and won multiple awards for her work and her contribution to the arts in Malaysia.