OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 2025 FIL World Luge Championships

The 2025 FIL World Luge Championships were the 53rd edition and held from 6 to 8 February 2025 at the Whistler Sliding Centre in Whistler, British Columbia, Canada.

## Schedule

Seven events were held.
All times are local (UTC–8).
| Date | Time | Events |
| 6 February | 10:30 | Mixed doubles |
| 6 February | 11:45 | Mixed singles |
| 7 February | 14:01 | Men's doubles 1st run |
| 7 February | 14:46 | Women's doubles 1st run |
| 7 February | 15:42 | Men's doubles 2nd run |
| 7 February | 16:20 | Women's doubles 2nd run |
| 7 February | 17:20 | Women's 1st run |
| 7 February | 18:55 | Women's 2nd run |
| 8 February | 13:45 | Men's 1st run |
| 8 February | 15:20 | Men's 2nd run |
| 8 February | 17:00 | Team relay |

## Medal summary
### Medal table

* Host nation (Canada)
| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| 1 | Germany | 5 | 4 | 3 | 12 |
| 2 | Austria | 2 | 1 | 2 | 5 |
| 3 | United States | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| 4 | Latvia | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 5 | Canada* | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Totals (5 entries) | Totals (5 entries) | 7 | 7 | 7 | 21 |

### Medalists

| Event | Gold | Gold | Silver | Silver | Bronze | Bronze |
| Men's singles details | Max Langenhan Germany | 1:39.922 | Felix Loch Germany | 1:40.057 | Nico Gleirscher Austria | 1:40.144 |
| Men's doubles details | Germany Hannes Orlamünder Paul Gubitz | 1:16.538 | Latvia Mārtiņš Bots Roberts Plūme | 1:16.640 | Germany Tobias Wendl Tobias Arlt | 1:16.671 |
| Women's singles details | Julia Taubitz Germany | 1:17.206 | Merle Fräbel Germany | 1:17.247 | Emily Sweeney United States | 1:17.249 |
| Women's doubles details | Austria Selina Egle Lara Kipp | 1:17.724 | Germany Jessica Degenhardt Cheyenne Rosenthal | 1:17.753 | Germany Dajana Eitberger Magdalena Matschina | 1:17.784 |
| Mixed singles details | Germany Max Langenhan Julia Taubitz | 1:22.354 | United States Jonathan Gustafson Emily Sweeney | 1:22.449 | Austria David Gleirscher Madeleine Egle | 1:22.678 |
| Mixed doubles details | Austria Thomas Steu Wolfgang Kindl Selina Egle Lara Kipp | 1:22.894 | Germany Hannes Orlamünder Paul Gubitz Dajana Eitberger Magdalena Matschina | 1:22.912 | Germany Tobias Wendl Tobias Arlt Jessica Degenhardt Cheyenne Rosenthal | 1:22.991 |
| Team relay details | Germany Julia Taubitz Hannes Orlamünder Paul Gubitz Max Langenhan Jessica Degenhardt Cheyenne Rosenthal | 2:50.361 | Austria Madeleine Egle Thomas Steu Wolfgang Kindl Nico Gleirscher Selina Egle Lara Kipp | 2:50.492 | Canada Embyr-Lee Susko Devin Wardrope Cole Zajanski Theo Downey Beatti Podulsky Kailey Allan | 2:51.641 |
# 1RPH

Radio 1RPH 1125 kHz Canberra (89.5FM Wagga, 99.5FM Junee) is a volunteer-staffed AM band radio broadcast station in the Australian Capital Territory serving all of the ACT and surrounding areas of NSW including Queanbeyan, Yass and Michelago, with FM repeaters at Wagga and Junee, and a streaming media on its web site.
Radio 1RPH is a member of the Radio Print Handicapped Network. Its catch-phrases are, Your information station and Turning print into sound, and it is intended to serve all those who are, for any reason, handicapped from reading printed material.
Newspapers, magazines, books, and other printed material are read to air. 1RPH used to have a frequency just outside the AM band on 1620 kHz, and so suffered little interference, and was heard as far away as the United States.

## Equipment
### Studios
#### On-air and production

* Two studios, each with 16 channel Ogenic broadcast mixers:
** Audio channel sources:
*** computer
*** CD players
*** satellite channels
*** Tape-recorders
*** turntables
*** outside broadcast line
*** telephone-radio interface

#### Production

* digital post-production studio
* voice-only studio
* CD-R and tape library
* recorded music library

### Transmitters and antennae

* 2,000 watt solid-state AM transmitter with standby
* two 65-metre (213 ft) antenna masts providing directional coverage
* emergency power-plant

## Effect of NDIS

In February 2016, the station management announced that it had been advised that $38,000 would not be available from the ACT Government's Disability ACT as of July 2016, when these funds would become part of the general National Disability Insurance Scheme (NDIS) funds administered by the Commonwealth Government. This amount represented roughly a quarter of the station's operating budget. Disability Minister Chris Bourke declined to promise funding from ACT resources, but said he would make enquiries of the Federal Minister for Disability. Leading the effort to publicise this funding shortfall were: President, Lorraine Litster; Vice President, and People With Disabilities ACT president, Robert Altamore; and volunteer broadcaster and ACT Legislative Assembly member, Vicki Dunne MLA. Litster pointed out that, of the $22 billion/year scheme, only $132 million has been set aside for services including the Radio Print Handicapped Network. The National Disability Insurance Authority (NDIA) has said it will be considering the matter.
# Đoàn Thị Xuân

Đoàn Thị Xuân (born May 17, 1997) is a Vietnamese volleyball player. She is a member of Vietnam women's national volleyball team and Thanh Hóa volleyball club.

## Clubs

* Vietsov Petro (2010 – 2011)
* Vietinbank VC (2012 – 2018, 2020)
* Than Quảng Ninh VC (2021 – 2023)
* Sport Center 1 (2023) (selected team)
* Thanh Hóa VC (2024 – present)
* Hóa chất Đức Giang (2024) (loan)

## Career
### National teams
#### Senior team

* 2016 Asian Cup — 7th Place
* 2017 Asian Championship — 5th Place
* 2017 SEA Games — Bronze Medal
* 2022 Asian Cup — 4th Place
* 2022 ASEAN Grand Prix — Runner-up
* 2023 SEA Games — Silver Medal
* 2023 Asian Challenge Cup — Champion
* 2023 FIVB Challenger Cup — 8th Place
* 2023 SEA V.League — Runner-up
* 2023 Asian Championship — 4th Place
* 2022 Asian Games — 4th Place

### Clubs

* 2014 Vietnam League – 3rd Place, with Vietinbank VC
* 2015 Vietnam League – Runner-up, with Vietinbank VC
* 2016 Vietnam League – Champion, with Vietinbank VC
* 2017 Vietnam League – 3rd Place, with Vietinbank VC
* 2021 Vietnam League – 3rd Place, with Than Quảng Ninh VC
* 2023 Asian Women's Club Volleyball Championship – Champion, with Sport Center 1

## Awards

* 2023 SEA V.League – Second Leg "Best middle blocker"
# Tawfik Tirawi

General Tawfik Mohammed Hussein al-Tirawi (Arabic: توفيق الطيراوي) is a Fatah official who led the investigation into the death of former President Yasser Arafat. He served as the head of Palestinian Authority Intelligence in the West Bank from 1994 to 2008.
Tirawi, the head of Fatah's Commission for Intellectual Mobilization and Studies, was elected to the Central Committee at the sixth Fatah convention in 2009.

## Early life

Tawfik Tirawi was born in Tira on 15 November 1948. His family fled to Rantis in 1948. He completed his primary schooling in Ramallah before going to Iskaka village in Salfit and then to Jabr refugee camp in Jericho where he attended junior high and high school. He received a diploma from Ibrahimeya college in Jerusalem. He graduated from Beirut Arab University with a degree in Arabic literature. He earned another degree in philosophy and psychology. He earned a master's degree in educational administration from An-Najah National University in 2008. His thesis was 'The Reality of Crises and Proposed Alternatives to Manage it From the Standpoint of Security and Civil Institutions' Leaders in Palestine'. He is preparing a doctoral thesis for the University of Tanta on 'The Role of the University Leadership in Promoting National Belonging'.

## Political activism

He joined Fatah in 1967 while attending Beirut Arab University. He headed the Lebanese branch of the General Union of Palestinian Students from 1969 to 1971 and in 1970 he was head of the secret Student Office of the Secretariat of Fatah. In 1978 he became a member of the executive body of the General Union of Palestinian Students and a member of the Palestinian National Council. The Syrian security services arrested him on 23 July 1985. He was tortured for four days by the intelligence services and then kept in solitary confinement for months. He was imprisoned in various locations in Syria until his release on 2 November 1989.

## Intelligence

He helped create the Palestinian General Intelligence Service on 7 June 1994. Years later, he stayed with Arafat when his compound came under Israeli siege. President Mahmoud Abbas appointed Tirawi his security adviser as well as head of the Palestinian General Intelligence on 28 August 2007. He served as intelligence head until 21 November 2008 and security adviser until he was elected to the Central Committee of Fatah on 8 December 2009. He served as general of the Popular Organizations commissioner of Fatah from 2009 to 2011. In 2013, he became the general intellectual mobilization and studies commissioner.
He was the Chairman of the Board of Trustees of Al-Istiqlal University in Jericho until 2022, when he was ousted by Mahmoud Abbas.
# Huta Kuflewska

Huta Kuflewska is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Cegłów, within Mińsk County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. It lies approximately 18 kilometres (11 mi) south-east of Mińsk Mazowiecki and 55 km (34 mi) east of Warsaw.
# William of Maleval

William of Maleval (French: Guillaume de Malavalle), also known as William the Hermit or William the Great, was a French Christian and the founder of the Catholic congregation of Williamites, an early branch of the Hermits of St. Augustine. He was beatified in 1202.

## Sources

The account of his life, written by his disciple Albert, who lived with him during his last year at Maleval, has been lost. Written accounts of his life by Theodobald, or Thibault, given by the Bollandists, is unreliable because it has been interpolated with the lives of at least two other Williams.

## Life

A Frenchman by birth, he spent some years in a dissolute life in the military. After a number of chapters in which Theodobald confuses him with St. William of Gellone, Duke of Aquitaine, he says that William went to Rome, where he had an interview with Pope Eugene III, who ordered him to make a pilgrimage to Jerusalem in penance for his sins.
Though Theodobald's account of his interview with the pope does not carry conviction, the fact of this visit and his subsequent pilgrimage to Jerusalem is supported by excerpts from the older life, which are preserved by responsories and antiphons in his liturgical feast Office. He seems to have remained at Jerusalem for one or two years, not nine as Theodobald relates.
About 1153 he returned to Tuscany, sometimes living as a hermit, sometimes as a member of a religious community. At first he led a hermit's life in a wood near Pisa. He was prevailed upon to undertake the government of a monastery in the area, but being unsuccessful in attempting to reform the monks tepidity and indolence, he retired first to Monte Pruno, and finally in 1155 in the desert valley of Stabulum Rodis, later known as Maleval, in the territory of Castiglione della Pescaia, Diocese of Grosseto, where he was joined by Albert.
He died on 10 February 1157 (his feast day). His cult soon spread throughout much of Tuscany, and he was canonized in 1202. After his death, two of his followers formed the Order of Saint William, which later joined the Augustinians.

## Veneration

William is the patron saint of Castiglione della Pescaia. William is honored by the Augustinians, who founded a number of parishes in the Philippines named for him.
* Cathedral of Saint William the Hermit, San Fernando, La Union
* Saint William's Cathedral, Laoag, Ilocos Norte
* St. William the Hermit Cathedral Parish, Bulanao, Tabuk, Kalinga
* San Guillermo Parish Church, Bacolor, Pampanga
* St. William the Hermit Church, Magsingal, Ilocos Sur, a National Cultural Treasure of the Philippines
* San Guillermo de Maleval Parish, Buting, Pasig, Metro Manila
* San Guillermo Parish, Talisay, Batangas
Other churches include:
* Parish of St. William of Maleval, Passi City, Iloilo, Philippines
* San Guillermo de Maleval Parish, Iponan, Cagayan de Oro, Philippines
# Don Rickles Speaks!

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Don Rickles Speaks! is a comedy album released in 1969 by Don Rickles. It begins with an introduction by G. Bernard Owens who tells the audience that the recording they are about to hear reveals the serious side of Rickles and his "thoughts of people, life, philosophy." Immediately after the introduction, we hear laughter, which completely contradicts what was heard previously. In the album, Rickles is interviewed by a panel of "eminent experts" who ask him about celebrities such as Dean Martin, Johnny Carson, Kirk Douglas, Robert Goulet, and Frank Sinatra, as well as such music acts as The Electric Prunes and Snooky Lanson.

## Track listing

Side One:
Current Events (3:09)
Some Good Friends (2:53)
Sinatra (2:49)
Names in the News (1:58)
Show Biz and Travel (3:14)
Night Clubs (4:09)
Side Two:
Television (3:40)
Some Big Stars (3:12)
Sports (2:30)
Thoughts (3:15)
Capsule Comments (2:00)
Famous Men and Women (3:00)
# Adelia barbinervis

Adelia barbinervis is a species of flowering plant in the family Euphorbiaceae that is native to southern Mexico and northern Central America. The Huastec Maya cultivated the plant as a famine food.

## Description

Adelia barbinervis is a shrub, or as a tree that grows to be 2–9 meters tall. The bark is spinescent, thin, and gray to whitish.
The leaves grow with an alternate (spiral) pattern. The upper side is dark green and hairless while the underside is paler and pubescent (covered with short, soft hairs) along the veins. Rarely, the underside of the leaf is tomentose, i.e. densely covered in short, matted hairs. The leaves have 5–7 lateral veins. The axils of the veins have tufts of hair called domatia. The leaves are lanceolate (pointy at both ends) with a length of 4–9 cm and a width of 2–3.5 cm. The margins are entire. The leaves are connected to their twig by a 2–5 mm petiole, which is pubescent. The inconspicuous stipules at the base of the petiole are pubescent and, like the leaves, lanceolate.
Plants flower from November to January. The species is dioecious: male and female flowers are not found on the same plant. Flowers grow from the axils of the leaves. The male flowers grow in cymose fascicles of 10–30 flowers. The male pedicels are pubescent and just 3.5–7 mm long. Male flowers have 3–5 greenish or whitish ovate sepals, which are about 2 mm long and pubescent on both sides. Male flowers have 8–12 whitish stamens, each with 2-mm filaments and globose anthers, that are joined at the base. The female flowers have longer pedicels, 15–30 mm long. Female flowers have 5–7 green, linear-lanceolate sepals 2–3 mm long, the upper surfaces of which are puberulent. The ovary is tomentose. The three yellow or white 1.5–2 mm styles are flat and widened, joined at the base, and have lacerate (jagged) edges at the apex.
The species produces fruit from January to April. The fruit is a green, pubescent, three-lobed capsule 1.1 mm in diameter that dehisces when dry. The smooth, pale seeds inside are 3.5–4.5 mm long and subglobose.

## Taxonomy

Adelia barbinervis was first described by Cham. & Schltdl. and was published in Linnaea 6: 362 in 1831. Ricinella barbinervis (Cham. & Schltdl.) Müll.Arg., published in Linnaea 34: 154 (1865), is a homotypic synonym of Adelia barbinervis.
The specific epithet barbinervis means "bearded veins" and refers to the leaves’ domatia.
Adelia barbinervis is closely related to A. triloba.

## Distribution and habitat

Adelia barbinervis is native to seasonally dry climates from Mexico to Nicaragua, where it is found in tropical rainforests, tropical deciduous forests, and secondary forests at elevations of 0–500 m. It is common in milpa regrowth ecosystems.

## Uses

The Huastec Maya cultivated the plant as a famine food, cooking the shoots and tender leaves as greens. The wood is used as firewood.
# Italian United Provinces

United Italian Provinces or Italian United Provinces (Italian: Provincie Unite Italiane, in modern Italian: Province Unite Italiane) was a short-lived state (a Republic) that was established in 1831 in some territories of the Papal States (Romagna, Marche and Umbria) and in the Duchies of Parma and Modena.
It existed from 5 February (following the popular uprising in Bologna, when the temporal power of the Pope and the Emilian Dukes were declared to be revoked) until 26 April, the day the city of Ancona was taken by the Austrian troops.

## Government

The Constitution of the Italian United Provinces was adopted on March 4 by a national Assembly. The executive power was vested in:
* Giovanni Vicini, President
* Leopoldo Armaroli, Minister of Justice
* Terenzio Mamiani della Rovere, Minister of the Interior
* Lodovico Sturiani, Minister of Finance
* Cesare Bianchetti, Minister of Foreign Affairs
* General Pier Damiano Armandi, Minister of War and Navy
* Pio Sarti, Minister of Police
* Francesco Orioli, Minister of Public Education

## History

The revolutionary government of the Italian United Provinces fell on 26 April 1831. It was brought down by Austrian troops sent to the aid of the Pope and the Emilian Dukes.
# Delphinieae

Delphinieae is a tribe of the subfamily Ranunculoideae of the family Ranunculaceae. It comprises 4 genera found in Eurasia, North America, and Africa.

## Description

Some species are perennial, whereas others are annual. The leaves are palmate with alternate (spiral) phyllotaxis. The inflorescences are racemose, typically with blue flowers. The flowers have five sepals and a zygomorphic shape. That is, the flowers are symmetrical in only one plane. In most species, the inner petals, which are reduced and completely enclosed by the sepal whorl, have a pair of nectar spurs that force pollinators to move back and forth to get nectar from both spurs. The petals are also dorsally spurred. Flowers tend to have many stamens. Flowers have varying numbers of carpels: 3 in Staphisagria, 3–5 in Aconitum, 6–13 in Gymnaconitum, 1 in Delphinium subg. Consolida, and 3–5 in other subgenera of Delphinium. The flowers are protandrous, meaning that they are male before they are female. Additionally, the flowers are herkogamous: the anthers and stigma are spatially separated. In the western Mediterranean, species tend to be xenogamous. Some species are strictly xenogamous. Others, especially annuals or species in the genus Staphisagria, are more able to self-fertilize. Species that self-fertilize more frequently tend to have less complex flowers with fewer stamens and fewer carpels.

## Taxonomy

Before the 21st century, the tribe Delphinieae included the genera Aconitum L., Delphinium L., Consolida (DC.) S. F. Gray, and Aconitella Spach. However, classification has since been revised on the basis of molecular data. Aconitella and Consolida are now considered part of Delphinium. Delphinium subg. Staphisagria is now considered its own genus, Staphisagria. Aconitum gymnandrum has been placed in its own genus, Gymnaconitum.
Nigelleae is the tribe most closely related to Delphinieae. It is estimated that Staphisagria diverged from the rest of the Delphinieae tribe about 32.5 million years ago during the Oligocene.

## Distribution

Species of Delphinieae are found in Eurasia and North America, with some species in Africa. Delphinieae have a center of diversity in the Himalayas.

## Ecology

The vast majority of Delphinieae are pollinated by bumblebees, but some species are also pollinated by flies, butterflies and moths, other bees, and (in North America) hummingbirds. Most Aconitum and Delphinium species are highly toxic. Staphisagria macrosperma is also toxic.
# Shooting and crying

"Shooting and crying" (Hebrew: יורים ובוכים, romanized: yorim ve bochim) is an expression used to describe books, films or other forms of media that portray soldiers expressing remorse for actions they undertook during their service. It has often been associated with a practice that some former Israel Defense Force soldiers follow.

## Descriptions

Gil Hochberg described "shooting and crying" as a soldier being "sorry for things I had to do." This "non-apologetic apology" was the self-critique model advanced in Israel in many politically reflective works of literature and cinema as "a way of maintaining the nation's self-image as youthful and innocent. Along with its sense of vocation against the reality of war, growing military violence, occupation, invasion, [there was] [...] an overall sense that things were going wrong."
Felice Naomi Wonnenberg (writing for the book Contemporary Jewish Reality in Germany and Its Reflection in Film) described "shooting and crying" as people being "aware of the problematic issues of war, yet still take part in it."
Sarah Benton described it as "an act through which the soldier cleans his conscience (at least somewhat), without taking personal responsibility or any practical steps, either to prevent 'inappropriate behaviour by soldiers in the field' as it occurs or to redress injustice and prosecute criminals later."
Karen Grumberg noted that "the Zionist soldier, a man with a conscience, loathes violence but realizes he must act violently to survive; the dilemma causes him to weep while pulling the trigger. Looking inward, he despairs at the violence he feels compelled to enact this way because he fears his moral corruption."

## Appearances in media
### Literature

* Si’ah Lohamim (Fighters’ Discourse) (1968)

### Film

* Shoot and Cry (1988)
* Time for Cherries (1991)
* Beaufort (2007)
* Waltz with Bashir (2008)
* Lebanon (2009)

### Television

* Fauda (2015–20)
# Waterford, Western Australia

Waterford is a small riverside suburb of Perth, the state capital of Western Australia. Its local government area is the City of South Perth.
Waterford is situated on the Canning River.

## History

Originally part of the suburb of Karawara, the area south of Manning Road was renamed Waterford in the 1980s.
The area is named after the birthplace in Ireland of Edmund Rice, the founder of the Christian Brothers. From 1901, the Christian Brothers were allocated land for the Clontarf Orphanage, a school and farm for orphaned and disadvantaged boys, situated on 2 square kilometres of land south of Manning Road and along the shores of the Canning River. The college is now known as the "Clontarf Aboriginal College" and is governed by a representative Board of Management which is responsible to the Catholic Archbishop of Perth through the Director of Catholic Education of Western Australia. The day-to-day running of Clontarf Aboriginal College, including the hiring of all staff and the enrolment of students, is the responsibility of the College Principal.
From 1981, portions of the land were progressively sold by Trinity College, an independent boys school in Perth which owned the land, and subdivided for housing. Streets within Waterford reflect the Irish theme, and are named after places in Ireland. Trinity College holds a remaining portion of the land which has been developed into the school's playing fields for training and PSA sport fixtures.
The 1984 five-bedroom, two-bathroom Perth Telethon Home was built by Statesman Homes in Waterford, on Cashel Way. It was auctioned live on TVW-7 and sold for A$120,000, equivalent to A$416,000 in 2022. This was a new record, as the previous Telethon Home in 1983 sold for A$97,500.

## Education

Waterford is near Curtin University on Manning Road. Many foreign students rent or own homes in Waterford because of its vicinity to the university and to the Waterford Plaza Shopping Centre.

## Transport
### Bus

* 30 Curtin University Bus Station to Perth Busport – serves Manning Road and Elderfield Road
* 100 Cannington Station to Canning Bridge Station – serves Manning Road
* 101 Curtin Central Bus Station to Canning Bridge Station – serves Manning Road
* 998 Fremantle Station to Fremantle Station (limited stops) – CircleRoute clockwise, serves Centenary Avenue
* 999 Fremantle Station to Fremantle Station (limited stops) – CircleRoute anti-clockwise, serves Centenary Avenue