OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Bala Deh Rural District (Larestan County)

Bala Deh Rural District (Persian: دهستان بالاده) is in Beyram District of Larestan County, Fars province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Bala Deh.

## History

In November 2008, the district was separated from the county in the establishment of Gerash County; however, six months later, the district was returned to Larestan County.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the rural district's population was 5,213 in 1,078 households. There were 6,402 inhabitants in 1,711 households at the following census of 2011. The 2016 census measured the population of the rural district as 6,162 in 1,900 households. The most populous of its 16 villages was Bala Deh, with 2,166 people.
# Ezequiel Fernández (footballer)

Ignacio Ezequiel Agustín Fernández Carballo, popularly known as Equi Fernández (born 25 July 2002) is an Argentine professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Saudi Pro League club Al-Qadsiah.

## Club career

Fernández started to play in Boca Juniors in 2012, after an agreement signed with FC Barcelona through which both clubs committed to collaborate in youth players training. He debuted as professional in May 2021, when Boca Juniors was defeated by Patronato 1–0, where he stayed 60 minutes on field.
He was traded to Tigre in February 2022 on loan for a year. The transaction completed for E450,000. Fernández played a total of 42 matches with that club. After the loan expired, Fernández returned to Boca Juniors in 2023.
In August 2024, Fernández was traded to Saudi Arabian club Al Qadsiah.

## International career

Fernández was called up for the Argentina U17 then coached by Pablo Aimar to play the 2019 South American Championship in Peru, where the national side crowned champions. He also played for Argentina in the 2019 FIFA U-17 World Cup held in Brazil.
On 13 December 2023, Ezequiel Fernández made his debut for the Argentina U23 in 3–0 friendly match victory against Ecuador U23. Fernández was also a member of the Argentina national under-23 football team that played at the 2024 CONMEBOL Pre-Olympic Tournament and qualified for the 2024 Summer Olympics men's football tournament in France.
Fernández was one of the key players of Argentina at the 2024 Olympics, where he scored a goal against Iraq.

## Career statistics

    As of 5 August 2024.
Appearances and goals by club, season and competition :
| Club | Season | League | League | League | National cup | National cup | League cup | League cup | Continental | Continental | Other | Other | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Boca Juniors | 2021 | Primera División | 2 | 0 | — | — | 1 | 0 | — | — | — | — | 3 | 0 |
| Boca Juniors | 2023 | Primera División | 19 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 10 | 0 | 8 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 44 | 0 |
| Boca Juniors | 2024 | Primera División | 5 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 8 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 20 | 2 |
| Boca Juniors | Total | Total | 26 | 2 | 7 | 0 | 19 | 0 | 13 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 67 | 2 |
| Tigre | 2022 | Primera División | 25 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 15 | 0 | — | — | 1 | 0 | 42 | 0 |
| Al-Qadsiah | 2024–25 | Saudi Pro League | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 0 | 0 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 51 | 2 | 8 | 0 | 34 | 0 | 13 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 109 | 2 |
* ↑ Includes Copa Argentina
* ↑ Includes Copa de la Liga
* ↑ Appearances in Copa Libertadores
* ↑ One appearance in Supercopa Argentina, one appearance in Supercopa Internacional
* ↑ Appearances in the Copa Sudamericana
* ↑ Appearance in Trofeo de Campeones

## Honours

Boca Juniors
* Supercopa Argentina: 2022
Argentina U17
* South American U-17 Championship: 2019
# Cape Byron

Cape Byron is the easternmost point of the mainland of Australia, located in New South Wales. It is about 3 km (1.9 mi) east of the town of Byron Bay, New South Wales and projects into the Pacific Ocean at 28.6335° S, 153.6383° E. A lighthouse is situated there. It is a popular area for hiking and for whale watching. Two national parks, one a conservation area and a marine park, are on the bay.
Cape Byron has a significant influences on the open beaches to its north. Longshore drift transports sand northwards. Sand blocked by the cape drops off the continental shelf, which is very narrow here, at a rate of around 50,000 cubic metres of sand per year.

## History

The cape was named by British explorer Captain James Cook, when he passed the area on 15 May 1770, to honour British explorer John Byron who circumnavigated the globe in HMS Dolphin from 1764 to 1766.
The MV Limerick was sunk off Cape Byron in 1943.
The Cape is part of the Cape Byron State Conservation Area.

## Cape Byron Light

Built in 1901, the Cape Byron Lighthouse is the last of the great 19th-century Victorian era lighthouses managed by the National Parks and Wildlife Service (NPWS). It is constructed from concrete blocks and stands on the most easterly point of the Australian mainland.

## Cape Byron walking track

The Cape Byron walking track winds through the Cape Byron State Conservation Area. The 3.7 kilometres (2.3 mi) loop walk can be started at any point with parking available at Captain Cook Lookout, Palm Valley, Wategos Beach and the Lighthouse.

## Cape Byron Marine Park

Cape Byron is part of the 22,000 hectare Cape Byron Marine Park, which was established in November 2002. The area is also noted for its wildlife, with the whale watching industry a significant contributor to the local economy. The park extends from Lennox Head in the south to northern bank of the Brunswick River mouth.
Cape Byron Marine Park is a multiple-use marine park which includes protected areas where fishing and collecting are prohibited, and general-use areas which support both commercial and recreational fishing. It extends from the Brunswick River to Lennox Head, and from mean high water out to three nautical miles from the coast or islands. It includes the tidal waters of the Brunswick River, Belongil and Tallow creeks. Migrating whales can typically be seen swimming past the Cape.

## Extreme points

Australia has several other extreme points. These are Cape York, the northernmost point on the Australian mainland, South Point, the southernmost point on the Australian mainland, Steep Point, the westernmost point on the Australian mainland and Mount Kosciuszko, the uppermost point on the Australian mainland.
# Bartosz Smektała

Bartosz Smektała (born 22 August 1998) is an international speedway rider from Poland.

## Speedway career

Smektała won the gold medal at the World Under-21 Championship in the 2018 World Under-21 Championship.
Smektała rode in the Team Speedway Polish Championship for Unia Leszno and Włókniarz Częstochowa. In September 2024 he signed for PSŻ Poznań for the 2025 season.

## World final appearances
### World Under-21 Championship

* 2016 - 13th - 16pts
* 2017 - 2nd - 42pts
* 2018 - 1st - 56pts
* 2019 - 2nd - 45pts
# Iran Hyper Star

Iran Hyper Star is an Iranian subsidiary of French multinational retailer Carrefour in Iran.

## History

Iran HyperStar was founded by the collaboration of Majid Al Futtaim and Carrefour.

## Branches

Iran Hyperstar currently has 40 branches in Tehran, Shiraz, Isfahan, Yazd, Karaj, Mashhad, Bandar Abbas Sirjan and Ghazvin.
# Mirror of the Polish Crown

Mirror of the Polish Crown (Polish: Zwierciadło Korony Polskiej; full title Mirror of the Polish Crown expressing the profound insults and great anxieties it receives from the Jews) is an antisemitic pamphlet published in 1618 by Sebastian Miczyński, professor of philosophy at the Jagellonian University in Kraków. Because this pamphlet was one of the causes of the anti-Jewish riots in Kraków, to the petition from local Jews, it was censored by Sigismund III Vasa. Despite this, the book run through numerous reprints.
In this pamphlet Jews were accused of political treachery, robbery, swindling, murder, witchcraft, and sacrilege; however religious accusations are of secondary importance. The pamphlet mainly focuses on the economic activities of the Jews and advocates the expulsion of the Jews from Poland.
# Sophia Webster

Sophia Grace Webster (born 18 March 1985) is a British shoe and accessories designer who launched her eponymous footwear line in September 2012. She is renowned for a feminine, bold yet playful design approach which has led to distribution at over 200 retailers worldwide.
As a teenager, Webster was a competitive dancer. She attended The Rochester Grammar School before going on to study art and sculpture at Camberwell College of Arts in London. Realising she wanted to create shoes, Webster went on to Cordwainers' College at the London College of Fashion, and then studied for her MA at Royal College of Art. Afterwards she worked as an apprentice with Nicholas Kirkwood before setting out on her own. Footwear News named Webster the "Emerging Footwear Designer of the Year" of 2013, and she also appeared on The Times 2013 New Power List as someone to watch. In 2014, Marie Claire named Webster as one of 7 designers who represented the future of British fashion.
In 2013, Sophia Webster was awarded the British Fashion Award for Emerging Accessories Designer.
Webster's shoes were selected as part of the Dress of the Year ensemble for 2013 at the Fashion Museum, Bath. Chosen by the fashion blogger Susanna Lau, the pink-and-black sandals with stiletto heels accompanied a Christopher Kane dress and hat by Nasir Mazhar.
In June 2015 Webster's Riri shoe went on display at the Victoria & Albert Museum as part of their 'Shoes: Pleasure and Pain' exhibition.
In March 2016, Sophia Webster was the recipient of the BFC Vogue Fashion Fund award. The fund helps support emerging British designers with financial support as well as mentoring from industry experts. In May later that year she opened her first official store on Mount Street Mews in Mayfair. As of September 2016, Sophia Webster products were available through over 200 retailers around the world. In June 2018, Sophia Webster opened her second boutique in Chelsea, London.
# Euplax leptophthalmus

Euplax leptophthalmus is a species of crab in the family Macrophthalmidae. It was described by H. Milne-Edwards in 1852.
# Kosova Sot

Kosova Sot (English: Kosovo Today) is a newspaper published in Kosovo. The first edition was published on 12 September 1998.
The founder of Kosova Sot is Ruzhdi Kadriu. Editor-in-chief and director until 2014 was Margarita Kadriu.
Kosova Sot is published in hard copy as well as online.
# Macleans (toothpaste)

Macleans is a brand of toothpaste manufactured by Haleon. Maclean's used to be produced by the British multinational company GlaxoSmithKline and was one of the oldest GSK brands produced.

## History

Macleans was introduced by New Zealand-born businessman Alex C. Maclean in 1919 during the post-First World War era of consumerism in Great Britain under the family business name of Macleans Limited and Beecham (now GlaxoSmithKline), whose roots originate to the 19th century.
Maclean moved to Australia after the gold rush, then moved to the United States in the early 1920s to become a corset salesman, before launching his own brand for chemists, where he invented a tube printing operation that allowed different chemists' names to be printed on own name toothpastes in small batches.
In 1923, Maclean hired a flight chemist Walter McGeorge who helped the company developed a range of merchandise and set the foundation for Macleans' transition into scientific medicine. In 1927, Macleans Peroxide Toothpaste, a pink formula, was one of the first whitening products introduced to the British oral care market, which proved to be extremely popular among consumerists, where a white variety was later launched.

### Popularity

The Macleans company scored a major takeover after Woolworths stocked it in the early 1930s (as the company only sold Colgate toothpaste previously). In 1938, Macleans was purchased by Beecham Group. In 1987, GlaxoSmithKline introduced an antibacterial agent into the Macleans toothpaste, being the first to do so. In 1995, the brand launched a Whitening variety, the first mainstream toothpaste to whiten teeth. The brand was also the first to introduce bicarbonate of soda in its toothpaste products. In 1997, the brand launched a Macleans toothbrush, which has over 1800 bristles. Macleans has over 40 years of heritage in Nigeria.

## Products

Containing fluoride, Macleans toothpaste is available in various types: Fresh Mint, White & Shine and Whitening. There are also other variants such as Macleans Whitening, Macleans Ice Whitening Gel and Milk Teeth (for children). The 'white' varieties feature whitening microparticles that break up stains. Natural ingredients in the product include, eucalyptus, sage, and peppermint oil, with antibacterial and antiseptic cleansing agents. Maclean's earliest cleaning materials used in their products were crushed bone, egg shell and crushed oyster shell. Charles III had used and promoted the 'Fresh Mint' variety.
Aquafresh, a toothpaste product with the same logo, was introduced in the US and the UK in 1979 by GlaxoSmithKline.
# Vanamõisa, Kose Parish

Vanamõisa is a village in Kose Parish, Harju County in northern Estonia.
# Callinicus II of Constantinople

Callinicus II of Constantinople (Greek: Καλλίνικος; 1630 – 8 August 1702) was Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople for three terms (1688, 1689–1693, 1694–1702).
# Chaenostoma punctulatus

Chaenostoma punctulatus is a species of crab in the family Macrophthalmidae. It was described by Miers in 1884.
# Kim Butler

Kim D. Butler (born 1960) is an American author and historian.
Butler was awarded a PhD from Johns Hopkins University in 1996.
Her first book is Freedoms Given, Freedoms Won: Afro-Brazilians in Post-Abolition São Paulo and Salvador. This publication won the American Historical Association's Wesley Logan Prize and the Association of Black Women Historians' Letitia Woods Brown Prize. Currently, Butler is an associate professor of history in the Africana Studies department at Rutgers University. She was the third President of the Association for the Study of the Worldwide African Diaspora (ASWAD) 2011-2015. She was named a Fulbright Scholar in 2014.
# Izumiya

Izumiya (イズミヤ) is a Japanese supermarket chain operated by Izumiya Co., Ltd (イズミヤ株式会社, Izumiya Kabushiki-gaisha). The company was acquired by H$_2$O Retailing in 2014, making it a wholly owned subsidiary, to raise its profile in the Kansai region.
It operates the Qanat department stores as well as separate Izumiya grocery stores mainly in Kansai region. It also issues the Izumiya Club Cards, the Izumiya credit cards (VISA/MasterCard/JCB) and the Izumiya ETC cards.
The first Izumiya department store vested abroad opened in November 2011 in Suzhou, Jiangsu province, China.
# United Nations Security Council Resolution 34

United Nations Security Council Resolution 34 was adopted on 15 September 1947. The Council removed the dispute between Greece and Albania, Yugoslavia, and Bulgaria from its agenda and turned over all documents related to the case to the General Assembly.
Resolution 34 passed with nine votes to two. Poland and the Soviet Union voted against.

## Historical background

Resolution 34 was passed in the midst of the Greek civil war, in which the communist states of Albania, Bulgaria, and Yugoslavia supported the Democratic Army of Greece. At one time, Bulgaria occupied a portion of Greek Macedonia. At the end of the conflict, Joseph Stalin, who wished to end the war, clashed with Josip Broz Tito, who wanted it to continue.
# Robert Perloff

Robert Perloff (February 3, 1921 – April 15, 2013) was an American psychology and business administration professor emeritus, who taught at Purdue University and the University of Pittsburgh. He was a president of the Association for Consumer Research and the American Psychological Association.

## Life and work

Born and raised in Philadelphia, Perloff was drafted into the United States Army and fought in the Philippines during World War II. Upon his return, Perloff graduated from Temple University in 1949, and his Ph.D. in psychology from Ohio State University. Following postdoctoral work, he taught industrial and consumer psychology at Purdue University. Much of his career was spent as professor of Business and Psychology at University of Pittsburgh.
He was president of the Association for Consumer Research and the American Psychological Association (APA). In his 1985 APA presidential address, "Self-Interest and Personal Responsibility Redux", he praised self-interest. It was printed in American Psychologist (vol. 42, 1987) and the journal called it "one of 50 classic articles published in the journal's previous 50 years."
In 1995, Perloff and 51 others signed "Mainstream Science on Intelligence", a statement written by Linda Gottfredson and published in the Wall Street Journal, which addressed the controversy about intelligence research that followed the publication of the 1994 book The Bell Curve. Also in 1995, Perloff was named to an American Psychological Association task force that reviewed controversial issues in response to the claims made during the Bell Curve controversy, producing a report titled "Intelligence: Knowns and Unknowns."
At the APA's 2001 Annual Convention, Dr. Perloff condemned what he considered the APA's one-sided political activism. "The APA is too politically correct...and too obeisant to special interests" He referred the removal of homosexuality from DSM-III by APA as the willingness of many psychologists to trample patients rights to treatment in the interest of political correctness and added that making such choice unethical would deprive a patient of a treatment of choice because the threat of sanctions would eliminate any psychologist who engaged in such treatment.
In 2004, Perloff was the keynote speaker at the National Association for Research & Therapy of Homosexuality's Annual Conference. In support of the mission statement of NARTH, he concluded, "The individual's right for self-determination of sexuality -- or sexual autonomy -- is, I am happy to see, inherent in NARTH's position statement: 'NARTH respects each client's dignity, autonomy, and free agency...every individual has the right to claim a gay identity, or to develop their heterosexual potential. The right to seek therapy to change one's sexual adaptation is considered self-evident and inalienable.' I subscribe fully to the aforementioned NARTH position statement." Perloff was the 2008 recipient of NARTH's President's Award.
Perloff died of heart failure on April 15, 2013, at UPMC Magee Women's Hospital.

## Selected publications

* Datta L-E, Perloff R. Improving Evaluations. 1979: SAGE Focus Editions. ISBN 0-8039-1240-4.
# 1905 South Atlantic League season

The 1905 South Atlantic League was a Class C baseball season played between April 19 and September 16. Six teams played a 130-game schedule, with the top team winning the pennant.
The Macon Brigands won the South Atlantic League championship, as they finished the regular season in first place.

## Team changes

* The Columbia Skyscrapers are renamed the Columbia Gamecocks.
* The Macon Highlanders are renamed the Macon Brigands.

## Teams

1905 South Atlantic League :
| Team | City | MLB Affiliate | Stadium |
| Augusta Tourists | Augusta, Georgia | None | Warren Park |
| Charleston Sea Gulls | Charleston, South Carolina | None | Hampton Park Field |
| Columbia Gamecocks | Columbia, South Carolina | None | Comer Field |
| Jacksonville Jays | Jacksonville, Florida | None | Dixieland Park |
| Macon Brigands | Macon, Georgia | None | Central City Park |
| Savannah Pathfinders | Savannah, Georgia | None | Bolton Street Park |

## Regular season
### Summary

* The Macon Brigands finished with the best record in the regular season in the second consecutive season.
* Eighteen year old Ty Cobb of the Augusta Tourists led the league with a .326 batting average. He would join the Detroit Tigers late in the season.

### Standings

South Atlantic League :
| Team | Win | Loss | % | GB |
| Macon Brigands | 75 | 45 | .625 | – |
| Savannah Pathfinders | 71 | 56 | .559 | 7.5 |
| Jacksonville Jays | 68 | 59 | .535 | 10.5 |
| Augusta Tourists | 57 | 71 | .445 | 22 |
| Charleston Sea Gulls | 53 | 70 | .431 | 23.5 |
| Columbia Gamecocks | 52 | 75 | .409 | 26 |

## League Leaders
### Batting leaders

| Stat | Player | Total |
| AVG | Ty Cobb, Augusta Tourists | .326 |
| H | Paul Sentell, Macon Brigands | 137 |

### Pitching leaders

| Stat | Player | Total |
| W | Bob Spade, Macon Brigands | 25 |
# Fabio Pammolli

Fabio Pammolli (born January 11, 1965, in Lucca) is an Italian economist, who is professor of finance and data science at Politecnico di Milano, since November 2022 economic advisor to the Minister of Finance and Economy of the Italian Republic and, since May 2024, President of The Italian Institute of Artificial Intelligence for Industry - AI4I.

## Biography

Pammolli graduated in economics at the University of Pisa and did his doctoral studies at the Sant’Anna School of Advanced Studies.
From 1990 he served as an assistant and then as an associate professor at the University of Siena, while from 2001 he served as full professor at the University of Florence.
Research stays have taken him to the Department of Physics at Boston University, where he collaborated with H.E. Stanley.
He was then a visiting scientist at STICERD at the LSE, OFCE at Sciences Po, the Department of Economics, Harvard University and LIDS, at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
From 2004 to 2013 he served as the founding rector of the IMT School for Advanced Studies in Lucca and worked there as a professor of economics, finance, and data science.
In 2015 he served as a senior scientist at the Italian Institute of Technology, where he contributed to conceive and design the strategic plan of the Human Technopole.
In 2022 Pammolli was acting as the President of Constructor University (formerly Jacobs University) in Bremen, Germany. In the year of his presidency, Pammolli has successfully initiated a wealth of advancements at the university: he implemented a new organizational structure, initiated new study programs, and completed the transition from Jacobs to Constructor University.
In his research, Pammolli combines methods from statistical physics and economics. He has covered a wide range of topics, which includes the analysis of growth, diversification, instability of companies, economies and financial systems.

## Institutional Commitments

From 2015 to 2020 he was a member of the Investment Committee of the European Fund for Strategic Investments (EFSI) at the European Investment Bank.
From November 2021 onwards he serves as Chairperson of the Investment Committee of InvestEU, the European Commission's new stimulus plan to provide long-term finance for companies and support EU policies.
Since November 2022, he serves as economic adviser to the Italian Minister of Economy and Finance.
Since May 2024, he is president of the Italian Institute of Artificial Intelligence for Industry (AI4I), the national research facility on artificial intelligence.