OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Pallake

Pallakae or pallakai (Ancient Greek: παλλακαί; singular pallake (παλλακή)) was the general name given to a concubine in ancient Greece.

## Etymology

The word pallake, "concubine" is of uncertain etymology. R. S. P. Beekes has suggested a Pre-Greek origin and a connection with Latin paelex, "mistress," which is also a loanword from a non-Indo-European Mediterranean language.

## Status

The status of a pallake could be both free and a slave. A free concubine was often a former hetaira, a freedwoman or a woman from a poor family, and almost always a foreigner, not a member of the city state she lived in.
An enslaved pallake was usually captured in war and brought back to Greece, either for the use of their captor, or to be sold. These women were allowed to be bought or sold just as any other slave in the Greek world.
One such account of this appears with Cassandra in Aeschylus' play, where she is brought to Agamemnon's palace as a mistress. She is later killed by Clytemnestra, alongside Agamemnon.

## Social acceptability

The pallakai were accepted as part of Greek society. In the speech "Against Neaera", it is said:
   We have hetairai [prostitutes] for pleasure, pallakai for the body's daily needs, and gynaekes [wives] for the bearing of legitimate children and for the guardianship of our houses.

## Literature

There are many examples of pallakai in literature and drama.
The most lengthy is the "Against Neaera" speech, in which a woman called Neaera and her husband are prosecuted for claiming citizen rights falsely for her and the children she bore to her husband. This was considered a very serious crime, especially in Athens, where citizenship was restricted to those with a citizen mother and father. The case made against her alleges that she was a pallake in Corinth and other cities, before coming to Athens. The defense speech, however, does not survive, but one such possible defense may have been that she was a mistress rather than a prostitute, which was a normal social practice.
Another such example occurs in the text "Against the Stepmother for Poisoning", a speech by Antiphon. In this speech for the prosecution, it is alleged that a woman persuaded a pallake to poison her husband.
# Krishnaraja Wadiyar II

Krishnaraja Wadiyar II (1728 – 25 April 1766), was the eighteenth maharaja of the Kingdom of Mysore from 1734 to 1766. He ruled as monarch during his entire rule, first under the dalvoys, and then, for the last five years, under Hyder Ali.

## Life

On 8 October 1731, Krishnaraja Wadiyar II was adopted by Maharani Devajammani and Maharaja Krishnaraja Wodeyar I under the title Chikka Krishnaraja Wodeyar.
He was crowned at Mysore on 15 June 1735. He reigned under the control of dalvoy Devarajaiya Urs, who was in charge of Mysore from 1724 to 1746. After the decline of the Devarajaiya's power and eventual death, Hyder Ali, another dalvoy, succeeded as the de facto ruler of Mysore from 1761 until his death in 1782.
Krishnaraja Wadiyar had very little power as there was a tripartite struggle between himself, Hyder Ali, and sarvadhikari Nanja Raja. In fact, the kingdom became weak because of the struggle. Hyder Ali gradually filled the place of Nanja Raja. The king executed many plots to regain his power but was not successful.
Krishna Raja Wadiyar II died at Seringapatam on 25 April 1766.
# Arshad Abdullah Vohra

Arshad Abdullah Vohra (Urdu: ارشد عبدُﷲ ووہرہ; born 17 July 1958) is a Pakistani politician who has been a member of the National Assembly of Pakistan since February 2024. He was the vice Chairman of Pak Sarzameen Party. He is a former deputy mayor of Karachi and ex parliamentarian of Sindh. He is a professional engineer with a doctorate and a businessman.

## Personal life

Vohra was born on 17 July 1958 in Karachi, Pakistan, to a Urdu-speaking Gujarati Sunni Vohra family.
Arshad was elected twice as the chairman of SITE Association, in 2001–02 and 2012–13. He also served as the chairman of All-Pakistan Textile Mills Association (APTMA) in 2005–2006.

## Political career
### Provincial Assembly of Sindh

He was elected Member Provincial Assembly of Sindh in May 2013, he resigned from his post after he was nominated deputy mayor of Karachi from MQM.

### Deputy mayor of Karachi

He was elected deputy mayor of Karachi on 24 August 2016. He took oath in his office on 30 August 2016.

### Departure from MQM and joining PSP

In October 2017, Arshad Vohra left Muttahida Qaumi Movement and joined the Pak Sarzameen Party. He said in a press conference, with Anis Kaimkhani, that MQM-P "had no vision" which was a major reason as to why he left MQM.
# Nowhere to Hide (1999 film)

Nowhere to Hide (Korean: 인정사정 볼 것 없다) is a 1999 South Korean action thriller film written and directed by Lee Myung-se.

## Synopsis

The film is set in Incheon in South Korea. A murder is committed, and the cops search for the killer.
Opening up in monochrome but with occasional flashes of colour, the first action scene is a disorientating strobe-like affair. From there the movie proceeds in color, with many innovative editing techniques, including slow-motion, jump cut, step-printed slow motion, "jump dissolves," still frames, and layering images on top of one another.

## Cast

* Park Joong-hoon as Detective Woo Deon-suk
* Ahn Sung-ki as Chang Seong-min
* Jang Dong-gun as Detective Kim Dong-seok
* Choi Ji-woo as Kim Ju-yeon
* Shim Chul-jong as Detective Joo
* Lee Won-jong as Detective Park
* Do Yong-gu as Detective Jang
* Park Seung-ho as Detective Lee
* Gi Ju-bong as Serious crime squad chief
* Kim Jong-gu as Restaurant owner
* Lee Hye-eun as Detective Woo's younger sister
* Song Young-chang as Drug dealer
* Lee Ho-seong as Eom Hyeon-su
* Kwon Yong-woon as Laundromat owner
* Park Sang-myun as Jjang-goo
* Ahn Jae-mo as Young-bae

## Awards

Deauville Asian Film Festival (Festival du film asiatique de Deauville) 2000
* Jury Prize
* Best Photography (Jeong Kwang-Seok and Song Haeng-ki)
* Best Actor (Park Joong-hoon)
* Best Director (Lee Myung-se)
Jang Dong-gun won the best supporting actor at the Blue Dragon Film Awards for his role as Detective Kim.

## Reception

The film was a hit at both the inaugural Asia Pacific Film Festival in Sydney, and the Sundance Film Festival, but its American release was limited, brief, and unsuccessful.
# Flinders University Student Association

The Flinders University Student Association (FUSA) is a student union at Flinders University, South Australia. It provides free welfare services, academic advocacy, grants for clubs and societies, and funding for the student newspaper, Empire Times. It also organises an O'Week each semester, as well as various social events throughout the year.
FUSA does not have a structurally separate student representative body, and is overseen directly be an elected Student Council whose members are responsible for providing political representation to students and governance of the association.

## History

Between 1966 and 2006 the Student Association of Flinders University (SAFU) provided student representation on campus. When the Howard government introduced voluntary student unionism in 2005 the organisation lost the vast majority of its funding and soon collapsed.
FlindersONE, a commercial company owned by the university, took over most of the services formerly provided by SAFU and a Student Representative Council (SRC) was created as a subcommittee of the FlindersONE board.
After the Gillard government introduced the Student Services & Amenities Fee (SSAF) in 2011 representatives of the SRC began negotiations with university to create an independent student organisation. A funding agreement was reached with the university, and on 23 April 2012 the SRC voted to endorse the constitution of the Flinders University Student Association. Student representatives completed their terms and the first FUSA Student Council began on 1 January 2013.

## Student Council

Notable former members of student council included Kate Ellis, and Amanda Rishworth.

### 2024 Student Council

In 2023 student elections, FIRE-UP had a landslide victory with Activate and Left Action only gaining one General Council member each. In 2024 student elections, FIRE-UP held their majority on student council, with General Council member and First Nation Students Officer as Independents and Fair Dinkums gaining Environment Officer after the withdrawal of the FIRE-UP candidate.

## Campaigns and activism

FUSA has called for better public transport to the university from the Government of South Australia, citing the high number of students driving to campus and the low number of car parks provided by the university.
In 2015 FUSA and the National Tertiary Education Union organised an extended campaign against the Abbott government's plans to create a $4 million policy center at the university run by climate denier Bjorn Lomborg. The organisers claimed that the proposal was done with no consultation with staff and students, and threatened the academic reputation of the university. In 2015 plans for the centre were dropped by the Turnbull government.
# Presentation College, South Dakota

Presentation College (PC) was a private Roman Catholic college with its main campus in Aberdeen, South Dakota and a branch campus in Fairmont, Minnesota. The college, founded in 1951 and co-educational since 1968, enrolled about 800 students at its height in 2016. It took its name from the Sisters of the Presentation of the Blessed Virgin Mary (PBVM), the original sponsors. It grew out of their Notre Dame Junior College, founded in 1922 in Mitchell, South Dakota. The college closed on October 31, 2023 due to financial and enrollment challenges.

## Campus

PC was located on a 100-acre (40 ha) campus in Aberdeen, South Dakota. A branch campus existed in Fairmont, Minnesota. The college also offered instruction online.

## Academics

PC offered Bachelor of Science, Associate of Science, Associate of Arts, and certificate programs with a focus on health and medical-related programs.

## Athletics

The Presentation athletic teams were called the Saints. The college was a member of the National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics (NAIA), primarily competing in the North Star Athletic Association (NSAA) as a founding member since the 2013–14 academic year. The Saints previously competed as an NCAA D-III Independent during the 2012–13 school year; as well as a member in the Upper Midwest Athletic Conference (UMAC) of the NCAA Division III ranks from 2002–03 to 2011–12.
Presentation competed in ten intercollegiate varsity sports: Men's sports include baseball, basketball, cross country, football and soccer; while women's sports include basketball, cross country, soccer, softball (fast-pitch) and volleyball. Athletic scholarships were available to students.
# Alessandro Selvini

Alessandro Selvini (born 24 March 2004) is an Italian professional football player who plays as a forward for Serie C Group B club Lucchese, on loan from Frosinone.

## Club career

He made his Serie B debut for Frosinone on 5 April 2022 in a game against Pordenone.
On 12 August 2023, Selvini joined Rimini on a season-long loan.

## Honours

Campionato Primavera 2021–22
# Different Fur

Different Fur Studios (formerly Different Fur Trading Company) is a recording studio located in the Mission District area of San Francisco, California, at 3470 19th Street. Since 1968, Different Fur has recorded music from a wide range of artists, including major Grammy and Oscar-winning musicians as well as many important independent musicians.

## History

Different Fur was founded in 1968 by the electronic music composer and keyboardist Patrick Gleeson and John Vieira. Its name was suggested by poet Michael McClure, while he was being recorded by Gleeson. By the early 1970s Gleeson was doing sessions with Jefferson Starship on his recently acquired 8-track recorder and Moog synthesizer. It was his expertise in early synthesizers, like the Moog, which eventually led Gleeson to collaborations with Herbie Hancock, whom Gleeson credits with helping Different Fur get off the ground. By 1971 Gleeson was working with Hancock on his albums Crossings and Sextant. He went on to record many of the synthesizers on Hancock's master work Head Hunters, as well as several solo albums at Different Fur.
Gleeson eventually sold Different Fur in 1985. However, it remains an active recording studio to this day. The studio is currently owned by Engineer Patrick Brown.
In February 2009, the relatively unknown and very recently signed to Fat Possum band Wavves filmed a video with bloggers yourstru.ly. The project was a three-part live filming of the two-piece band playing some of the songs off their new EP including "So Bored." While the original videos only received modest views after release, they marked the beginning of an ongoing partnership between Different Fur engineers and YoursTruly video producers that have resulted in live sessions with The Morning Benders, Chromeo, Little Dragon, Big K.R.I.T., Toro Y Moi, P.O.S, Girls, Freddie Gibbs, Death Cab For Cutie etc.
Artists who have recorded at Different Fur include Neil Young, Brian Eno, David Byrne, Devo, The Units, Kronos Quartet, Bobby Hutcherson, Primus, Al Di Meola, Joe Henderson, William Ackerman, Bobby McFerrin, Gene Clark, Michael Hedges, Terry Riley, Earth, Wind & Fire, Alan Hovhaness, Joe Satriani, The Residents, Erasure, Mr. Bungle, Autopsy, Yo-Yo Ma, John Zorn, Rodrigo y Gabriela, The Morning Benders, Daniel Selby, Herbie Hancock, OneRepublic, Tristan Prettyman, among many others.
Music for Peanuts TV Specials and parts of the soundtrack of Apocalypse Now have been recorded there.
Different Fur was featured in the SF Weekly Music section on June 15, 2011. The article focuses on work done with a number of local bands and artists.
# Compagnie Internationale des Grands Hotels

The Compagnie Internationale des Grands Hôtels (CIGH) was founded on 11 April 1894 as a subsidiary of the railway company Compagnie Internationale des Wagons-Lits (CIWL). This hotel chain was established to provide the customers of CIWL with high quality accommodation before or after their train journey.

## History

Georges Nagelmackers created the Compagnie Internationale des Grands Hotels to develop and operate luxury hotels throughout its trains' routes. Three hotels already operated by CIWL before 1894 were integrated in the hotel chain.
The CIGH operated most of King Ismail's palaces in Egypt before his abdication in 1879. It then remodeled the Gezirah Palace and opened it in 1894. The CIGH's instant expansion throughout Europe made it the first international hotel chain.
The CIGH had operated successfully for twenty years when World War I heavily affected the hotel business. CIGH had to sell or close many hotels and at the end of World War I only four hotels were operated by CIGH. After World War I, the CIGH wasn't regarded as a core business, and it wasn't until after World War II that the hotel business was revived.

## Properties

Details and changes are in the article regarding the hotel.
| Hotel | Place | Country | Management by CIGH |
| Avenida Palace | Lisbon | Portugal | 1891 |
| Le Bosphorus Summer Palace | Therapia | Turkey | 1894 |
| Buffet de Lyon | Lyon | France | 1900 |
| Buffet Terminus | Oran | Algeria | 1914 |
| Chateau Royal d'Ardenne | Dinant | Belgium | 1900 |
| Elysée Palace | Paris | France | 1896 |
| Gezirah Palace | Cairo | Egypt | 1894 |
| Grand Hotel des Bains | Cherbourg | France | 1901 |
| Grand Hotel International | Brindisi | Italy | 1893 |
| Grand Hotel des Wagons-Lits | Beijing | China | 1904 |
| Hotels et Bains de Hongrie | Csorba | Hungary | 1903 |
| Maloja Palace | Maloja | Switzerland | 1895 |
| Pavillon de Bellevue | Meudon | France | 1899 |
| Pera Palace | Constantinople | Turkey | 1894 |
| Hôtel de la Plage | Ostend | Belgium | 1895 |
| Quarnero | Abbazia | Austria | 1898 |
| Riviera Palace | Nice | France | 1893 |
| Riviera Palace | Monte Carlo (Beausoleil, Alpes-Maritimes) | Monaco | 1899 |
| Hôtel Royal Palace | Ostend | Belgium | 1899 |
| Shepheard's Hotel | Cairo | Egypt | 1897 |
| Hotel Terminus | Bordeaux | France | 1897 |
| Hotel Terminus et Buffet | Marseille | France | 1900 |
| Hotel Terminus Maritime | Ostend | Belgium | 1913 |
| Tunisia Palace | Tunis | Tunisia | 1902 |
| Victoria Hotel | Ismailia | Egypt | 1898 |
# Melakkam

Melakkam is a location in Manjeri Municipality in Malappuram district of Kerala State of India.

## Culture

Melakkam village is a predominantly Muslim populated area. Hindus exist in comparatively smaller numbers. So the culture of the locality is based upon Muslim traditions. Duff Muttu, Kolkali and Aravanamuttu are common folk arts of this locality. There are many libraries attached to mosques giving a rich source of Islamic studies. Most of the books are written in Arabi-Malayalam which is a version of the Malayalam language written in Arabic script. People gather in mosques for the evening prayer and continue to sit there after the prayers discussing social and cultural issues. Business and family issues are also sorted out during these evening meetings. The Hindu minority of this area keeps their rich traditions by celebrating various festivals in their temples. Hindu rituals are done here with a regular devotion like other parts of Kerala.

## Transportation

Melakkam village connects to other parts of India through Manjeri town. National highway No.66 passes through Parappanangadi and the northern stretch connects to Goa and Mumbai. The southern stretch connects to Cochin and Trivandrum. National Highway No.966 connects to Palakkad and Coimbatore. The nearest airport is at Kozhikode. The nearest major railway station is at Tirur.
# Percy Ingle

Percy Ingle was a retail bakery founded in east London in 1954, by Percy Ingle. The chain had over 50 outlets in London and Essex.
As of 2010, Michael and Paul Ingle, grandsons of the founder, were running the company.
On 22 June 2020, the Newham Recorder reported that the bakery was "due to close all its stores after 66 years". The paper reported that "head office has confirmed the closure", but that "an official statement is yet to be released".
# Typical of Me

Typical of Me is the debut extended play by Icelandic singer-songwriter Laufey, released on 30 April 2021. The EP was self-published by Laufey and later released on 12-inch vinyl through AWAL.
Typical of Me was predominantly produced by Laufey's classmate Davin Kingston. Many of the songs on the EP were written by her in the Berklee College of Music dorm room, with the goal of making jazz more accessible. The material was mainly promoted on Laufey's social media in 2020–21.

## Background and release

On 6 April 2020, Laufey released her debut single, "Street by Street", which charted at number one on Icelandic Radio. In the following months, she released "Someone New" and posted several cover songs and voice memos on her YouTube channel. On 23 June 2020, Laufey participated in the #BerkleeAnywhere concert series performing her previous singles and "I Wish You Love". The latter's recording would later be recommended and praised by Rolling Stone.
Laufey released the extended play's third single, "Best Friend", on 3 March 2021. Its music video premiered on 17 March and in November of the same year it was performed in Place Saint-Sulpice for La Blogothèque's A Take Away Show. "Magnolia", the EP's fourth single, was released on 7 April and its music video premiered on 12 May 2021. This song was performed at the Kennedy Center with the National Symphony Orchestra as part of Ben Folds' Declassified series on 12 April 2024.
Including the four singles and three other songs, many of which were written in her college dorm room, Typical of Me was released on 30 April 2021, the year Laufey graduated from Berklee College of Music. The EP eventually received attention from musicians such as Billie Eilish and Willow Smith, and was praised by some music critics. In a four-star review, Neil Yeung of AllMusic wrote that "every song on Typical of Me is a gem, brimming with potential" and American Songwriter's Anna D’Amico ranked the EP third on her list of best albums of 2021.
The track "Like the Movies" has been performed several times, including on The Reykjavík Grapevine's Grapevine Grassroots and Jimmy Kimmel Live! – Laufey's United States network television debut. It was also part of a live performance in the KEXP gathering space, recorded on 15 October 2021 along with "Let You Break My Heart Again", "Street by Street" and "Best Friend".
# Årstaviken

Årstaviken is a bay in the Eastern parts of Lake Mälaren in Sweden. It is bordered by the Södermalm, Liljeholmen and Årsta neighborhoods of Stockholm.
59°18′21″N 18°03′00″E﻿ / ﻿59.30583°N 18.05000°E﻿ / 59.30583; 18.05000
* This Swedish geography article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# Taiyilu Subdistrict

Taiyilu Subdistrict (Chinese: 太乙路街道) is a subdistrict of Beilin District, Xi'an.
# German Science and Humanities Council

The German Science and Humanities Council (Wissenschaftsrat, WR) is an advisory body to the German Federal Government and the federal state governments. It makes recommendations on the development of science, research, and the universities, as well as on the competitiveness of German science. These recommendations involve both quantitative and financial considerations, as well as their implementation. Funding is provided by the federal and state governments.
The Science and Humanities Council's Scientific Commission has 32 members appointed by the Federal President. Twenty-four scientists are jointly proposed by the German Research Foundation, the Max Planck Society for the Advancement of Science, the German Rectors' Conference, the Helmholtz Association of German Research Centres, the Fraunhofer Society, and the Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Scientific Community. Another eight persons of high public standing are jointly proposed by the Federal Government and the federal state governments.

## Tasks

In the recent past, the German Council of Science and Humanities expressed its views in its statements, recommendations, and position papers on various topics, including university construction (2022), the transformation of scientific publishing to Open Access (2022), and science communication (2021). In 2020, it published the position paper "Impulses from the COVID-19 Crisis for the Further Development of the Science System in Germany," which described ten challenges for research to be crisis-proof. In 2019, it called for more funds for peace and conflict studies. In the same year (2019), it issued a statement on the further development of university medicine in North Rhine-Westphalia. In 2016, the Council produced a position paper on knowledge and technology transfer. In 2015, in a position paper titled "Major Societal Challenges" internationally referred to as societal challenges or grand challenges, it called for the "integration and flexible recombination of knowledge on ecological, technological, social, cultural, and economic aspects of a transformation process."

## Presidents

Presidents (Vorsitzender) of the organization:
* 1958–1961 – Helmut Coing
* 1961–1965 – Ludwig Raiser
* 1965–1969 – Hans Leussink
* 1969–1972 – Reimar Lüst
* 1972–1976 – Theodor Heidhues
* 1976–1979 – Wilhelm A. Kewenig
* 1979–1982 – Andreas Heldrich
* 1982–1985 – Hans-Jürgen Engell
* 1985–1987 – Heinz Heckhausen
* 1987–1989 – Kurt Kochsiek
* 1989-1993 – Dieter Simon
* 1993–1994 – Gerhard Neuweiler
* 1994–1996 – Karl-Heinz Hoffmann
* 1996–1998 – Dagmar Schipanski
* 1998–2001 – Winfried Schulze
* 2001–2006 – Karl Max Einhäupl
* 2006–2011 – Peter Strohschneider
* 2011–2014 – Wolfgang Marquardt
* 2014–2017 – Manfred Prenzel
* 2017–2020 – Martina Brockmeier
* 2020–2023 – Dorothea Wagner
* 2023–present – Wolfgang Wick