# Clerk of the House of Commons

The clerk of the House of Commons is the chief executive of the House of Commons in the Parliament of the United Kingdom, and before 1707 in the House of Commons of England.
The formal name for the position held by the Clerk of the House of Commons is Under Clerk of the Parliaments; The chief clerk of the House of Lords is the Clerk of the Parliaments.

## Appointment

The Clerk of the House is appointed by the sovereign by Letters Patent, in which they are styled "Under Clerk of the Parliaments [...] to attend upon the Commons". Before 1748, the Clerkship of the House of Commons could be purchased until Jeremiah Dyson (then Clerk of the House) ended the practice of purchase when he left the Clerkship.

## Duties

The Clerk of the House is the principal constitutional adviser to the house, and adviser on all its procedure and business, including parliamentary privilege, and frequently appears before select and joint committees examining constitutional and parliamentary matters. As with all the members of the House Service, he is politically entirely impartial and is not a civil servant. Until 1 January 2008, when the reforms to the house's governance proposed by the Tebbit Review of management and services of the house were implemented, the clerk was the head of the Clerk's Department. He sits at the table of the house, in the right-hand chair (the left-hand chair, looking towards the Speaker’s chair) for part of every sitting. The historic role of the clerks at the table is to record the decisions of the house (not what is said, which is recorded by Hansard). This they (but not the clerk) still do. The clerks at the table used to wear court dress with wing collar and white tie, a bob (barrister’s) wig and a silk gown. However, as of February 2017 the clerks will only have to wear gowns. For the State Opening of Parliament and other state occasions, the Clerk of the House wears full court dress with breeches, and a lace jabot and cuffs.

## Incumbent

As of October 2023, the office is currently held by Tom Goldsmith, previously the Principal Clerk of the Table Office, who replaced Sir John Benger when he retired on 1 October 2023.

## List of Clerks of the House of Commons
### 14th century

* 1363 – Robert de Melton
* 1385 – John de Scardeburgh

### 15th century

* 1414 – Thomas Haseley
* 1440 – John Dale
* 1461 – Thomas Bayen

### 16th century

* 1504 – Thomas Hylton
* 1510 – William Underhill
* 1515 – Robert Ormeston
* 1547 – John Seymour
* 1570 – Fulk Onslow

### 17th century

* 1603 – Ralph Ewens
* 1611 – William Pinches
* 1612 – John Wright
* 1639 – Henry Elsyng
* 1649 – Henry Scobell
* 1658 – John Smythe
* 1659 – John Phelips
* 1659 – Thomas St. Nicholas
* 1660 – William Jessop
* 1661 – William Goldsborough
* 1678 – William Goldsborough the Younger
* 1683 – Paul Jodrell

### 18th century

* 1727 – Edward Stables
* 1732 – Nicholas Hardinge
* 1748 – Jeremiah Dyson
* 1762 – Thomas Tyrwhitt
* 1768 – John Hatsell (1733–1820)
** 1797 - Hatsell retired, and John Ley (1733–1814), Deputy Clerk, took over his duties
** 1814 - Jeremiah Dyson the younger, Deputy Clerk

### 19th century

* 1820 – John Henry Ley (on the death of Hatsell)
* 1850 – Sir Denis Le Marchant, Bt
* 1871 – Sir Thomas Erskine May
* 1886 – Sir Reginald Palgrave KCB

### 20th century

* 1900 – Sir Archibald Milman KCB
* 1902 – Sir Courtenay Ilbert KCB KCSI CIE
* 1921 – Sir Thomas Lonsdale Webster KCB
* 1930 – Sir Horace Dawkins KCB MBE
* 1937 – Sir Gilbert Campion GCB
* 1948 – Sir Frederic Metcalfe KCB
* 1954 – Sir Edward Fellowes KCB CMG MC
* 1962 – Sir Barnett Cocks KCB OBE
* 1974 – Sir David Lidderdale KCB
* 1976 – Sir Richard Barlas KCB OBE
* 1979 – Sir Charles Gordon KCB
* 1983 – Sir Kenneth Bradshaw KCB
* 1987 – Sir Clifford Boulton GCB
* 1994 – Sir Donald Limon KCB
* 1998 – Sir William McKay KCB

### 21st century

* 2003 – Sir Roger Sands KCB
* 2006 – Sir Malcolm Jack KCB
* 2011 – Sir Robert Rogers KCB
* 2015 – Sir David Natzler KCB (acting 2014–2015)
* 2019 – Sir John Benger KCB
* 2023 – Tom Goldsmith