OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Operation Dunhammer

Operation Dunhammer (Danish for Operation Typha) was an internal investigation conducted by the Danish Defence Intelligence Service (Danish: Forsvarets Efterretningstjeneste, FE) which concluded the agency cooperated with the American National Security Agency to wiretap senior politicians, government officials, and government entities of certain European Union countries from 2012 to 2014.

## Report

Due to concerns following Edward Snowden's leaking of the NSA's global surveillance operations, the Danish Defence Intelligence Service began the investigation the following year. The investigation ended in 2015, concluding that the NSA collaborated with the FE to eavesdrop on prominent politicians from 2012 to 2014, among them German chancellor Angela Merkel, leader of the opposition Peer Steinbrück, and foreign minister Frank-Walter Steinmeier. This was done through the use of the NSA's XKeyscore computer system, which probed data travelling through underwater internet cables in intercept stations such as Sandagergård [da], similar to the ECHELON program.
Information about the report was released publicly by a consortium involving DR, Sveriges Television, NRK, Norddeutscher Rundfunk, Westdeutscher Rundfunk, Süddeutsche Zeitung, and Le Monde on 30 May 2021, following an investigation by the aforementioned organisations.

## Aftermath

Dunhammer's findings were privately released in 2015, but led to no immediate repercussions among the FE, with collaborations between the FE and NSA continuing as normal. In August 2020, Trine Bramsen who was recently appointed Danish minister of defence in June of the previous year was told of the operation, following which agency head Lars Findsen and three other officials were suspended.
# Pyramid G1-b

G1-b is one of the subsidiary pyramids of the Giza East Field of the Giza Necropolis immediately to the eastern side of the Great Pyramid of Giza, built during the Fourth Dynasty of Egypt. It is the central of the three pyramids of the queens, located ten meters south of the Pyramid G1-a. It has a base of 50 meters and had an original height of 30 meters. Egyptologists Mark Lehner and Rainer Stadelmann attribute it to the queen Meritites I. Zahi Hawass, however, suggests it might be attributed to an unknown Queen of Khufu, who gave birth to Djedefre. It is one of the queen pyramids near the Great Pyramid of Giza along with the other two queen pyramids Pyramid G1-a and Pyramid G1-c, along with another smaller pyramid called Pyramid G1-d.
# Battle of Giurgiu (1854)

The battle of Giurgiu took place during the Crimean War at islands near Giurgiu between 3–8 July 1854 and resulted in an Ottoman victory.

## Battle

After the Russian Southern Army on June 23 lifted the siege of Silistria and began to withdraw to the north bank of the Danube, the Turkish commander Omar Pasha began to pull together his forces to Rusçuk to force the river and recapture Wallachia. Prince Gorchakov, commander of the Southern Army, reinforced the detachment of Lieutenant General Fyodor Soymonov with an infantry brigade, two batteries and the Pavlograd Hussar Regiment who were idle at Giurgiu. A detachment of Major-General Alexander Baumgarten (who had under his command the Tobolsk 38th Infantry Regiment, one battery and a squadron of lancers) was also sent to reinforce Giurgiu. The Russians also moved the 11th Infantry Division from the Katarzhi to Bucharest. By 3 July, Omar Pasha had moved more than 30,000 men to Rusçuk and opened fire on Giurgiu on the same day. The next day Soymonov took a battalion with 8 guns to the island of Rodoman, lying on the north bank of the Danube southwest of Giurgiu.
On 5 July, the Turks, using a steamship and 18 boats, crossed to Makan Island, where they began building batteries. On 7 July, the Turks, under cover of fire from all the batteries, began a simultaneous crossing to Rodoman, Makan, and to Giurgiu. On the largest island (Rodoma), the first attack was repulsed by three battalions of Tomsk 39th Infantry Regiment's Lieutenant-General Stepan Khrulev. Soymonov sent two battalions of the Tobolsk regiment to relieve Khrulev's force. The skirmish, which at times turned into hand-to-hand combat, lasted into the night.
   The troops fought in the most unfavorable conditions, some units were three days without hot food, the wounded were taken away under the scorching sun, without bandages. The Russian soldier stopped trusting the rifle, seeing how much worse it was than the enemy's: "The soldiers know how to deal with the bayonet perfectly, but they shoot hastily, without aiming, with little reliance on their rifle," says a participant in the battle. And makes a general conclusion: "We need better rifles so that we can cope with the Turks."
On the night of 8 July, Soymonov, finding his position disproportionate to the number of troops, ordered the destruction of the bridge connecting the island of Rodoman with the left bank of the Danube, and withdrew his detachment first to Giurgiu, and then to the heights near Frătești. The Russians lost 1,800 men during the course of the conflicts.
The Turks, on the other hand, were content with occupying Giurgiu and did not pursue the escaping Russian force. Prince Gorchakov, having concentrated in the town of Frătești 46 battalions of infantry, 60 squadrons of cavalry, 4 Cossack regiments and 180 guns, waited for the Turks to arrive so that they could launch a counterattack; however, this was in vain. Gorchakov had to send the 16th Division to Crimea, after which he continued to lead the retreating of Russian troops from the Danube on 27 July.
# TCDD HSL 700

TCDD HSL700 is a series of electro-diesel locomotives used by the Turkish State Railways, built by Tülomsaş. The units have Bo'Bo' wheel arrangement and are powered by 300 kW engine and/or 400kW Li-ion batteries.
# Duta Wacana Christian University

Duta Wacana Christian University (Indonesian: Universitas Kristen Duta Wacana) (Hanacaraka: ꦈꦤꦶꦮ꦳ꦼꦂꦱꦶꦠꦱ꧀ꦏꦿꦶꦱ꧀ꦠꦼꦤ꧀ꦢꦸꦠꦮꦕꦤ) abbreviated as DWCU, is a private university in Yogyakarta, central of Java island, Indonesia. "Duta Wacana" in Sanskrit conveys an approximate meaning of being 'an ambassador for knowledge' or 'a messenger of the word'.
According to Webometrics World Universities' Ranking on the Web 2007, DWCU is ranked at 89th place among Southeast Asian universities.
DWCU is one of the 15 Indonesian universities in the SAP University Partnership Program.

## History

A fusion of two theological academies – Jogjakarta Theological Academy, Yogyakarta and Balewijoto Theological School, Malang – on 31 October 1962, become the Duta Wacana Theological School. This school later became a university, with the name changed to the present Duta Wacana Christian University in 1985.
The Duta Wacana Christian University was established and run by the Foundation of Christian High Education of Duta Wacana.

## Accreditation

Accreditation = A
National Accreditation Board of Higher Education (BAN-PT) – Directory of Study Program. Queried with keyword "Duta Wacana", polished and translated.
| No. | Region | Level | University Name | Study Program | No. SK | SK year | Rank | Score | Expired Date |
| 1 | 05 | S1 | Duta Wacana Christian University, Yogyakarta | Theology | 004 | 2015 | A | 375 | 2020 |
| 2 | 05 | S1 | Duta Wacana Christian University, Yogyakarta | Architecture | 022 | 2005 | A | 373.66 | 2010-12-08 |
| 3 | 05 | S1 | Duta Wacana Christian University, Yogyakarta | Management | 024 | 2005 | A | 369.71 | 2010-12-27 |
| 4 | 05 | S1 | Duta Wacana Christian University, Yogyakarta | Informatics | 022 | 2005 | B | 333.89 | 2010-12-08 |
| 5 | 05 | S1 | Duta Wacana Christian University, Yogyakarta | Biology | 004 | 2006 | A | 370.72 | 2011-06-01 |
| 6 | 05 | S1 | Duta Wacana Christian University, Yogyakarta | Accountancy | 005 | 2006 | B | 350.47 | 2011-06-15 |

## Faculties and departments

* Theology Faculty
* Business Faculty
** Management Department
** Accounting Department
* Faculty of Architecture and Design
** Architecture Department
** Product Design Department
* Faculty of Information Technology
** Informatics Department
** Information System Department
* Faculty of Biotechnology
** Environmental Biology Department

## Gallery

* Corridor
* Bamboo art in atrium
* Auditorium
* Front side
# Małocin, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship

Małocin is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Nakło nad Notecią, within Nakło County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. It lies approximately 7 kilometres (4 mi) north of Nakło nad Notecią and 31 km (19 mi) west of Bydgoszcz.
# Eugenia daenikeri

Eugenia daenikeri is a species of plant in the family Myrtaceae, endemic to New Caledonia.
# Cyril III of Constantinople

Cyril III of Constantinople (Greek: Κύριλλος; died after 1655), was the Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople for eight days in June 1652 and again for fourteen days in March 1654. He hailed from Xanthi and had previously served as metropolitan bishop of Corinth, Philippopolis and Tarnovo.
# Antonio Burks (basketball, born 1982)

Antonio Burks (born 30 May 1982) is an American professional basketball player who played for the Saint John Mill Rats of the National Basketball League of Canada. He was born in Texarkana, Arkansas. Burks is a 6'5" (1.96 m) and 220 lb (100 kg) guard-forward. Member of Omega Psi Phi. Burks now is a coach and assistant principal for the Rice Independent School District in Rice, Texas.

## College career

Burks played at Arkansas High School, Jacksonville College, Moberly Area Community College and Stephen F. Austin State University.
A highlight of Burks's college career came on February 25, 2004, when as a member of the Stephen F. Austin Lumberjacks, he scored 35 points, including 7 three-pointers, to go along with 12 rebounds in a 63–60 win over Lamar University.

## College statistics

| Year | Team | GP | GS | MPG | FG% | 3P% | FT% | RPG | APG | SPG | BPG | PPG |
| 2002–03 | SFA | 28 | 3 | 18.8 | .490 | .429 | .550 | 3.46 | 1.00 | 0.46 | 0.04 | 9.14 |
| 2003–04 | SFA | 30 | 30 | 30.1 | .493 | .476 | .756 | 4.53 | 1.37 | 0.50 | 0.13 | 15.30 |
| Career | Career | 58 | 33 | 24.6 | .492 | .459 | .689 | 4.02 | 1.19 | 0.48 | 0.09 | 12.33 |

## Professional career

Burks was the first player ever that Vermont Frost Heaves signed. He was re-signed by the team on August 21, 2007. He also played professionally in Norway.
On November 27, 2011, it was announced that the Saint John Mill Rats of the National Basketball League of Canada had signed Burks to their active roster.

## Career statistics
### Regular season

| Year | Team | GP | GS | MPG | FG% | 3P% | FT% | RPG | APG | SPG | BPG | PPG |
| 2008–09 | Niigata | 32 | 27 | 24.7 | .412 | .384 | .700 | 4.6 | 1.6 | 0.6 | 0.2 | 13.0 |
| 2009–10 | Niigata | 52 | 39 | 25.7 | .422 | .399 | .734 | 6.2 | 1.9 | 1.1 | 0.3 | 13.1 |
| 2010–11 | Akita | 47 | 11 | 21.0 | .418 | .392 | .694 | 3.4 | 1.3 | 0.4 | 0.1 | 10.9 |
| 2011–12 | Saint John | 30 | 2 | 19.2 | .437 | .415 | .625 | 2.33 | 1.60 | 0.37 | 0.07 | 8.30 |
| 2012–13 | Saint John | 43 | 8 | 19.3 | .421 | .446 | .682 | 2.23 | 1.09 | 0.28 | 0.14 | 9.60 |

### Playoffs

| Year | Team | GP | MPG | FG% | 3P% | FT% | RPG | APG | SPG | BPG | PPG |
| 2010–11 | Akita | 2 | 9.5 | .333 | .200 | .000 | 2.0 | 1.5 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 3.5 |
| 2011–12 | Saint John | 2 | 23.0 | .154 | .125 | .000 | 3.0 | 1.5 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 2.5 |
| 2012–13 | Saint John | 3 | 22.0 | .258 | .333 | .000 | 2.3 | 0.7 | 0.0 | 0.3 | 8.0 |
# Rouxiella

Rouxiella is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria in the family Yersiniaceae. Members of this genus are rod-shaped, non-motile, and do not form spores. Colonies of genus Rouxiella are yellow or white colored. They are facultatively anaerobic and can grow in the temperature range of 4–30 °C (39–86 °F). The genus is named for Émile Roux, a French bacteriologist and a close collaborator of Louis Pasteur.
The type species, Rouxiella chamberiensis, was originally isolated from "parenteral nutrition bags used for premature newborns in neonatal intensive care units in Chambéry Hospital," and originally published in 2015. R. badensis and R. silvae were originally isolated from a peat bog, and R. aceris was isolated from tree sap.
# Miechowice, Inowrocław County

Miechowice is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Inowrocław, within Inowrocław County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. It lies approximately 4 kilometres (2 mi) south-east of Inowrocław, 37 km (23 mi) south-west of Toruń, and 44 km (27 mi) south-east of Bydgoszcz.
# Muriel Forbes

Muriel Rose Forbes CBE JP (20 April 1894 – 18 April 1991) was a British Labour Party politician and magistrate.

## Early life

Forbes was born on 20 April 1894 to John Cheeseright. She married Charles Gilbert Forbes in 1923, with whom she had two daughters. She was educated at Gateshead Grammar School and Southlands Teacher Training College. She worked as a mathematics teacher, and would later take an interest in education policy.

## Political career

Forbes joined Willesden Borough Council in 1936, staying in this role until 1947. Alongside this, she was a member of Middlesex County Council from 1934 to 1965. In 1946 she was made a justice of the peace for Middlesex. She was chair of the Middlesex education committee from 1946 to 1949 and 1958 to 1959. She was elected as its chair, serving from 1960 to 1961. She was the first woman to be elected as chair of Middlesex County Council.
In 1956, she proposed a motion at a Labour Party women's conference condemning the Soviet Union's response to the Hungarian Revolution of 1956, which passed.
She was elected to the Greater London Council in 1964, serving as vice-chair for the first two years of her term, while Harold Shearman served as chair. She lost her Brent seat in 1967. She served on the governing committees of St Charles' Hospital, Paddington General Hospital and Central Middlesex Hospital. She was made an alderman of Brent London Borough Council in 1972, holding the role until 1974.
She supported Reg Freeson in the 1983 United Kingdom general election.

## Honours

Forbes was made a Commander of the British Empire in 1963 for services to the community. She was awarded an honorary Doctor of Technology degree from Brunel University London in 1966.
# Legal Consequences of the Construction of a Wall in the Occupied Palestinian Territory

The Legal Consequences of the Construction of a Wall in the Occupied Palestinian Territory (commonly known as the Israeli Wall advisory opinion) of 9 July 2004 is an advisory opinion issued by the International Court of Justice (ICJ) in relation to the Israeli West Bank barrier.

## History

The court responded to a request from the United Nations General Assembly of 10 December 2003 on the legal question under international law of the Israeli West Bank barrier built by Israel that partially follows the Green Line boundary between Israel and the West Bank and partially enters into the Israeli-occupied West Bank. The barrier has been a controversial subject and a cause of heightened tensions in the Israeli–Palestinian conflict. Israel argued that the barrier was necessary to keep out West Bank militants and avert more suicide attacks against its citizens.
Israel began construction of the barrier during the Second Intifada in September 2000, along and exceeding beyond the 1949 Green Line.

## Statement

In its non-binding opinion, the Court found that the barrier violates international law and should be torn down. The vote of the justices was 14 to 1, with Judge Thomas Buergenthal dissenting.
Judge Rosalyn Higgins gave a separate opinion, where about humanitarian law it is stated, obligations thereby imposed are (save for their own qualifying provisions) absolute. That is the bedrock of humanitarian law, and those engaged in conflict have always known that it is the price of our hopes for the future that they must, whatever the provocation, fight "with one hand behind their back" and act in accordance with international law.
The judgement was invoked in November 2006 by Al-Haq, a Palestinian human rights group, which brought a case in the UK Court of Appeal against the British government to end export licences to Israel to secure the implementation of the July 2004 [ICJ] Advisory Opinion on Israel's Wall. The case was dismissed in November 2008.
The judgement was also referred to in United Nations General Assembly Resolution 66/225 of 22 December 2011.
The judgement ruled that Israel does not have an Article 51 right to self-defense in international law for two reasons: first that the threat emanates from a territory where it is an occupying power, and second because Article 51 applies against state actors and Palestinian militants are typically categorized as non-state actors. Francesca Albanese agrees with this view, while Marko Milanović find the ICJ ruling ambiguous on this matter.
# Box and Block Test

In rehabilitation medicine, the Box and Block Test is a functional test used in upper limb rehabilitation. While often referred to as the Box and Blocks test, the original article refers to the test as the Box and Block Test. The test is used to measure the gross manual dexterity of a patient or a person using an upper limb prosthetic device.
The test consists of a box with a partition in the middle. The box is placed on the table with blocks placed on one side of the partition. The test subject is given 60 seconds to move as many blocks as possible from one side of the partition to the other, using only the tested hand (the subject's own hand or a prosthetic device operated by the subject). The number of displaced blocks is a measure of the gross manual dexterity, where a higher number of displaced blocks indicates better fine motor skill. The outcome can be compared to reference values from healthy test subjects or from tests performed with a prosthesis, enabling the measurement of progression of gross hand dexterity during rehabilitation.
# Bert Maxwell

James Albert Maxwell (October 17, 1886 – December 10, 1961) was a pitcher in Major League Baseball in the early 20th century. He was born in Texarkana, Arkansas, and died in Brady, Texas.
# India Cruse-Griffin

India Cruse-Griffin is an American artist and educator based in Richmond, Indiana Her work focuses on the Black experience in Indiana. She is known for her technique of painting over collaged pieces.

## Early life and education

Cruse-Griffin was born in Richmond, Indiana. She graduated from Ball State University with a B.S. in Art Education.

## Career

Cruse-Griffen designed a piece for the Eskenazi Health Art Collection in the Sidney & Lois Eskenazi Hospital called "Wading in the Water". This piece, made in 2007, is a 49.25 by 37.25 inch collage featuring a girl partially submerged in water with fish. The piece "Melody at Hand," also for the collection, shows a woman playing the guitar. This was also made in 2007.
Cruse-Griffin created "Two Moons" in 2010 for the collection. The piece shows a couple in front of houses and trees. She also designed "Friends" in 2011 for the same collection, which shows two girls side by side, one Black girl and one white girl. In 2013, she designed another piece for the collection titled "Sunday Morning." It features a row of city buildings in a 28.25 by 41.25 inch collage painted with acrylic.
In 2022, Cruse-Griffin created a variety of pieces for the Gainbridge Fieldhouse. The Court is painted on two wooden panels to showcase the emergence of Black basketball in Indianapolis, displaying children playing as part of Crispus Attucks High School, as well as in Lockefield Gardens segregated neighborhood. The Farm, painted on a single wooden panel, also focused on basketball and Indianapolis, portraying the mixture of rural and urban neighborhoods of Indianapolis with children playing. In 1955, the piece portrays the time Crispus Attucks High School team won its first state championship, making it the first all-Black team to win a state championship in the entire nation.
She also made a piece titled "Glorious Day" for the Indiana Memorial Union Collection for Indiana Memorial Union in 2023. The piece was originally shown as part of BUTTER art fair.
# Mikanowo A

Mikanowo A is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Lubanie, within Włocławek County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland.
# Bpost

Bpost (stylised bpost), also known as the Belgian Post Group, is the Belgian company responsible for the delivery of mail in Belgium. The Belgian Post Group is one of the largest civilian employers in Belgium. It provides a range of postal, courier, direct marketing, banking, insurance, and electronic services in a highly competitive European market. The headquarters are located in Brussels at the Muntcenter (Bisschopsstraat).
Before 2010, it was known as De Post in Dutch and La Poste in French, meaning "the Post" in each case in English.

## Ownership

By Royal Decree of 17 March 2000, The Post cast off its status of autonomous public enterprise to adopt the status of a public limited liability company. Its public service missions are all described that it concluded with the Belgian State.
In January 2006, Post Danmark and CVC Capital Partners signed an agreement with the Belgian Government on the acquisition of 50% minus one share in the Belgian Post for €300 million. Post Danmark had been selected by the Belgian Government a partner because it would assist bpost in modernizing the company. The Belgian Government, bpost, Post Danmark and CVC have prepared a joint plan for developing the Belgian Post.

## Acquisitions

Certipost is a Belgian electronic communications subsidiary of bpost based in Aalst founded in 2002. They produce solutions to issues with electronic document exchange and archiving including digital certificate and electronic identity cards.
In October 2017, bpost acquired American e-commerce company Radial, Inc. for US$820 million.

## Controversies

Bpost is accused of having entered into spurious contracts with the Belgian Government, overstating costs for delivering newspapers to receive elevated subsidies and a host of other allegedly fraudulent operations. In April 2023 Bpost was forced to admit it had broken European competition rules and had overcharged by tens of millions of Euros amid reports of secret deals between the company and the Belgian state. In total, Bpost is said to have received €4 billion in public spending between 2013 and 2023. According to journalists, most of these subsidies and fees are questionable and are the result of close ties between the Belgian state and the company.
Bpost use monopoly power to allegedly make questionable price-fixing agreements with publishers DPG media and Mediahuis, as was revealed by an internal audit in 2023.
In August 2023, Kathleen Van Beveren, chief executive of E-logistics Eurasia at Bpost and a member of its executive committee, stepped down from her role amid accusations of fraud and foul play inside the company.