OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Alex Edwards

Alex Edwards (born 2 August 1975) was an English cricketer. He was a right-handed batsman and a right-arm medium-fast bowler who played for Sussex, Middlesex CB and Derbyshire between 1994 and 2001.
Edwards also had two Youth Test matches against India Under-19s, played his first match for Sussex, in the Second Eleven Championship in 1992, he played in his debut County Championship game in 1997, and was to appear for Sussex until 1999. He also played in one match for Middlesex. In 2001, he played for Derbyshire County Cricket Club. He now plays regular club cricket for Wisbrough Green CC in the Sussex county 3 division.
# David Claypoole Johnston

David Claypoole Johnston (25 March 1799 – 8 November 1865) was a 19th-century American cartoonist, printmaker, painter, and actor from Boston, Massachusetts. He was the first natively trained American to master all the various graphic arts processes of lithography, etching, metal plate engraving, and wood engraving.

## Life and career

Johnston was born in Philadelphia, the son of William Johnston and Charlotte Rowson, an actress who was sister-in-law of author actress and educator Susanna Rowson. In 1815, Johnston had studied engraving as an apprentice of Philadelphia engraver Francis Kearney, and he himself became an engraver of original caricatures, which were too controversial for publishing. In 1821, he switched to a theatrical career, appearing for the first time at the Walnut Street Theatre on 10 March 1821, as Henry in Speed the Plough. He performed for five seasons with theatre companies in Philadelphia and Boston.
Afterward, he retired from the stage and set up an engraver's office in Boston. His most important early work was a series of etched and lithographed character portraits of well-known American and British actors. In the years between 1829 and 1849, he published nine numbers of his annual comic Scraps, made of four plates, each containing nine or ten separate humorous sketches.

## Image gallery

* Militia Muster 1828
* A Militia Drill Thirty Years ago [1862]
* Richard III, 1828
* "Anti-Masonic Convention in Valdimor," cover illustration of Corner-Stone March, as Performed by the Boston Brigade Band, 1832
* From: Yankee Notions 1838
* "Benoni Burdock was a bitter man." From: Yankee Notions 1838
* Exhibition of Cabinet Pictures
* A Young Head on Old Shoulders. From: "Little Joe Junk and the Fisherman's Daughter" by John Neal in Brother Jonathan, March 12, 1842
* Women's Fumigatory Rights. From: Scraps, 1849
* At the Waterfall, ca.1850 watercolor
* Lola Has Come, ca.1852
* "The House That Jeff Built", denunciation of Jefferson Davis and slavery, 1863
# Riga–Lugaži Railway

vteRiga–Lugaži line :
Legend :
The Riga–Lugaži Railway is a 166 kilometres (103 mi) long, 1,524 mm (5 ft) gauge railway in Latvia. It was built in the late 19th century (commencing in 1886) to connect the cities of Riga and Saint Petersburg via Valga and Pskov. The railway was opened in 1889.
The final station in Latvia is Lugaži (near Valka). The railway was last used for the Riga–Saint Petersburg service in 1998, after which St Petersburg trains operated via Rēzekne. For several years there were no cross-border services, and trains terminated at Lugaži, but since 2008 a regular passenger service again operates from Riga to Valga in Estonia twice a day, with an onward connection to Tallinn via a train in Estonia. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the Riga-Lugaži railway cut services to Valga, with trains ending in Lugaži. Service was restored in May 2020.
On 15 December 2024, a new station stop, Šmerlis, was opened between Čiekurkalns and Jugla stations. Starting from 15 December 2024, the passenger carrier "Vivi" will adjust the departure time of the Riga-Valga diesel train to the arrival time of the Lithuanian "LTG Link" diesel train Vilnius-Riga. In turn, from 6 January 2025, the arrival time of the Riga-Valga diesel train will be adjusted to the departure time of the Estonian "Elron" diesel train Valga-Tartu-Tallinn. It is expected that the transfer time will be approximately 10 to 20 minutes. From 10 February 2025, the Latvian carrier "Vivi" will provide passenger transportation from Riga to Valga and back with a modern "PESA 730 ML" diesel train leased from the Lithuanian carrier "LTG Link", thus making transportation more comfortable for passengers on this section, as well as reducing the number of transfers, maintaining the transfer only in Valga.

## Stations

| Station | Locale |
| Rīga | Riga |
| Zemitāni | Riga |
| Čiekurkalns | Riga |
| Šmerlis | Riga |
| Jugla | Riga |
| Batlezers (Former) | Garkalne municipality |
| Garkalne | Garkalne municipality |
| Krievupe | Garkalne municipality |
| Vangaži | Inčukalns municipality |
| Inčukalns | Inčukalns municipality |
| Egļupe | Sigulda municipality |
| Silciems (Former) | Sigulda municipality |
| Sigulda | Sigulda municipality |
| Līgatne | Līgatne municipality |
| Ieriķi | Amata municipality |
| Melturi | Amata municipality |
| Āraiši | Amata municipality |
| Cēsis | Cēsis municipality |
| Jāņmuiža | Priekuļi municipality |
| Lode | Rūjiena municipality |
| Bāle (Former) | Beverīna municipality |
| Valmiera | Valmiera municipality |
| Brenguļi (Former) | Beverīna municipality |
| Strenči | Strenči municipality |
| Seda (Former) | Strenči municipality |
| Saule (Former) | Valka municipality |
| Lugaži | Valka municipality |
| Valga | Estonia |

## Gallery

* Zemitani Railway Station
* Melturi stop
# List of Swiss records in speed skating

The following are the national records in speed skating in Switzerland maintained by the Schweizer Eislauf-Verband (SEV).

## Men

| Event | Record | Athlete | Date | Meet | Place |
| 500 meters | 35.12 | Christian Oberbichler | 12 December 2021 | World Cup | Calgary, Canada |
| 500 meters × 2 | | | | | |
| 1000 meters | 1:09.79 | Livio Wenger | 2 December 2017 | World Cup | Calgary, Canada |
| 1500 meters | 1:44.09 | Livio Wenger | 16 February 2020 | World Single Distances Championships | Salt Lake City, United States |
| 3000 meters | 3:41.05 | Livio Wenger | 23 February 2019 | Time Trials | Calgary, Canada |
| 5000 meters | 6:12.13 | Livio Wenger | 3 December 2021 | World Cup | Salt Lake City |
| 10000 meters | 13:12.73 | Thibault Métraux | 25 January 2025 | World Cup | Calgary, Canada |
| Team sprint (3 laps) | 1:20.03 | Livio Wenger Christian Oberbichler Oliver Grob | 13 February 2020 | World Single Distances Championships | Salt Lake City, United States |
| Team pursuit (8 laps) | 3:46.58 | Livio Wenger Flavio Gross Thibault Métraux | 2 February 2025 | World Cup | Milwaukee, United States |
| Sprint combination | 145.285 pts | Christian Oberbichler | 3–4 January 2015 | Swiss Sprint Championships | Inzell, Germany |
| Small combination | 152.086 pts | Livio Wenger | 16–17 December 2023 | Swiss Championships | Inzell, Germany |
| Big combination | 159.682 pts | Martin Feigenwinter | 15–16 January 2000 | European Championships | Hamar, Norway |

## Women

| Event | Record | Athlete | Date | Meet | Place |
| 500 meters | 39.25 | Kaitlyn McGregor | 9 March 2024 | World Allround Championships | Inzell, Germany |
| 500 meters × 2 | | | | | |
| 1000 meters | 1:15.30 | Kaitlyn McGregor | 28 January 2024 | World Cup | Salt Lake City, United States |
| 1500 meters | 1:54.91 | Kaitlyn McGregor | 18 February 2024 | World Single Distances Championships | Calgary, Canada |
| 3000 meters | 4:04.25 | Kaitlyn McGregor | 26 January 2024 | World Cup | Salt Lake City, United States |
| 5000 meters | 7:18.73 | Nadja Wenger | 20 November 2021 | International Time Trial | Salt Lake City, United States |
| 10000 meters | | | | | |
| Team pursuit (6 laps) | 3:00.86 | Jasmin Güntert Kaitlyn McGregor Ramona Härdi | 16 February 2024 | World Single Distances Championships | Calgary, Canada |
| Sprint combination | 159.130 pts | Kaitlyn McGregor | 16–17 December 2023 | Swiss Championships | Inzell, Germany |
| Mini combination | 163.942 pts | Kaitlyn McGregor | 15–16 March 2011 | Olympic Oval Final | Calgary, Canada |
| Small combination | 184.117 pts | Henriët Bosker | 20–21 December 2003 | | Inzell, Germany |
# 1945 in professional wrestling

1945 in professional wrestling describes the year's events in the world of professional wrestling.

## List of notable promotions

Only one promotion held notable shows in 1945.
| Promotion Name | Abbreviation |
| Empresa Mexicana de Lucha Libre | EMLL |

## Calendar of notable shows

| Date | Promotion(s) | Event | Location | Main Event |
| September 21 | EMLL | EMLL 12th Anniversary Show | Mexico City, Mexico | Gory Guerrero defeated Bobby Bonales (c) in a best two-out-of-three falls match for the Mexican National Middleweight Championship |
| (c) – denotes defending champion(s) |||||

## Championship changes
### EMLL

NWA World Middleweight Championship :
* incoming champion – Tarzán López ||||
* No title changes ||||
Mexican National Heavyweight Championship :
| incoming champion - Firpo Segura |||||
| Date | Winner | Event/Show | Note(s) |
| No title changes |||||
Mexican National Middleweight Championship :
| incoming champion – Bobby Bonales |||||
| Date | Winner | Event/Show | Note(s) |
| September 25 | Gory Guerrero | EMLL 12th Anniversary Show | |
Mexican National Lightweight Championship :
* incoming champion – Raul Romero ||||
* No title changes ||||
Mexican National Light Heavyweight Championship :
| Date | Winner | Event/Show | Note(s) |
| January | Black Guzmán | EMLL show | |
Mexican National Welterweight Championship :
| incoming champion – Jack O'Brien |||||
| Date | Winner | Event/Show | Note(s) |
| April 20 | Gory Guerrero | EMLL show | |

## Debuts

* Debut date uncertain:
** Cora Combs
** Don Eagle

## Births

* January 10 – Colonel DeBeers(died in 2025)
* January 18 – Pete Doherty
* January 19 – Buck Robley(died in 2013)
* January 27 – Cuban Assassin
* February 8 – Sonny King (died in 2024)
* February 17 – Chris Dolman
* February 27 – Bill White (died in 2021)
* March 9 – Cocoa Samoa (died in 2007)
* March 18 – Claude Roca
* March 30:
** Ronnie Garvin
** S. D. Jones(died in 2008)
* April 5 – Sika Anoa'i (died in 2024)
* May 28 – Clem Turner (died in 2009)
* May 29 – Fray Tormenta
* June 4 – Johnny Kincaid
* June 14 – Dan Kroffat
* July 30 – Onno Boelee (died in 2013)
* August 24 – Vince McMahon
* August 25 – Bobby Shane (died in 1975)
* September 26 – Marty Jones
* October 12 – Dusty Rhodes(died in 2015)
* October 27 – Miss Linda
* October 30 – Ron Slinker (died in 2008)
* November 1 – Bugsy McGraw
* November 26 – Victor Jovica
* December 9 – Tugboat Taylor (died in 2017)
* December 15 – Katsuji Ueda (died in 2017)
* December 22 – Toni Rose
# Thiemoko Diarra

Thiemoko Diarra (born 19 April 2003) is a Malian professional footballer who plays as a left winger for Israeli Premier League club Hapoel Haifa.

## Club career

Diarra started to play a football for Derby Académie.
In August 2021, Diarra joined to the French club Stade de Reims and played for the reserve team in the Championnat National 2. On 21 August 2021 made his debut in the 2–0 win against AS Beauvais Oise. in summer 2023 loaned for the Championnat National club LB Châteauroux.
On 5 September 2024, Diarra signed for the Israeli Premier League club Hapoel Haifa.

## International career

Diarra represented the Mali Olympics at the 2024 Summer Olympics.
# Kathrin Maurer

Kathrin Maurer is Professor for Culture and Technology at the University of Southern Denmark. She is known for her research on surveillance technology, drones, discourses of war, and visual culture. She has also published work on nineteenth-century visual culture in Germany.

## Education and career

Maurer attended Droste-Hülshoff-Gymnasium Freiburg and finished her BA in German Studies and Philosophy at Albert-Ludwigs-Universität in Freiburg 1994. She received her PhD in German Studies from Columbia University in New York in 2002 and her Dr. Phil. Habil. in German Studies from University of Southern Denmark in 2015.
She served as an Assistant Professor in German Studies at the University of Arizona from 2002 to 2007. She also was employed as an Assistant Professor at the University of Southern Denmark from 2008 to 2012 before she became an Associate Professor from 2012 to 2020. Since 2020 she has been Professor of Culture and Technology at the University of Southern Denmark.

## Selected publications

* Maurer, Kathrin (2006). Discursive Interaction. Heidelberg: Synchron. ISBN 978-3-935025-87-4.
* Maurer, Kathrin (2010). "Communication and Language in Niklas Luhmann's Systems-Theory". Pandaemonium Germanicum: 1–21. doi:10.1590/S1982-88372010000200002. ISSN 1414-1906.
* Maurer, Kathrin (2013-03-22). Visualizing the Past: The Power of the Image in German Historicism. Walter de Gruyter. ISBN 978-3-11-028293-1.
* Maurer, Kathrin (2017). "Visual power: The scopic regime of military drone operations". Media, War & Conflict. 10 (2): 141–151. doi:10.1177/1750635216636137. ISSN 1750-6352.
* Maurer, Kathrin (2020). Drone Imaginaries: The Power of Remote Vision. Manchester: Synchron. ISBN 978-1-526145-93-2.
* Maurer, Kathrin (2021). "The Sensorial Experience of the Drone. Theme issue The Senses and Society". doi:10.1080/17458927.2020.1820195. ISSN 1745-8927.
* Maurer, Kathrin (2022). "Automatizing Visuality". Media, Theme Issue MAST: The Journal of Media Art Study and Theory. 3 (1). doi:10.59547/26911566. ISSN 2691-1566.
* Maurer, Kathrin (2023). "Machinic Visions of the Planetary. Theme Issue Media and Environment". ISSN 2640-9747.
* Maurer, Kathrin (2023). The Sensorium of the Drone and Communities. MIT Press. Cambridge, Massachusetts. ISBN 9780262374903.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
# SDB-005

SDB-005 (also known as NA-PINAC using systematic EUDA nomenclature) is an indazole-based synthetic cannabinoid that has been sold online as a designer drug. It is presumed to be an agonist of the CB$_1$ and CB$_2$ cannabinoid receptors. SDB-005 is the indazole core analog of PB-22 where the 8-hydroxyquinoline has also been replaced with a naphthalene group.
The code number SDB-005 was originally used for a different compound, the N-phenyl instead of N-benzyl analogue of SDB-006. This compound is a potent agonist of the CB$_1$ receptor (K$_i$ = 21 nM) and CB$_2$ receptor (K$_i$ = 140 nM).
However, SDB-005 was subsequently used as the name for the indazole-3-carboxylate compound mentioned above when it was sold in Europe as a designer drug, and was entered into the EMCDDA synthetic drug database under this name. Consequently, there are now two distinct, yet fairly closely related cannabinoid compounds, which may both be referred to under the code SDB-005.
# Boykin

Boykin or Boykins may refer to:

## People

* A. Wade Boykin, American psychology professor
* Amber Boykins (b.1969), American politician from St. Louis, Missouri
* Brandon Boykin, American football player
* Christopher "Big Black" Boykin, American television personality
* Deral Boykin, American football player
* Dwight Boykins (b. 1963), American politician from Houston, Texas
* Earl Boykins, American professional basketball player
* Frank W. Boykin (1885-1969), US congressman from Mobile, Alabama
* Jarrett Boykin, American football player
* Keith Boykin (b. 1965), American broadcaster and commentator
* Laura Boykin, American computational biologist
* McKinley Boykin, American football player
* Miles Boykin, American football player
* Otis Boykin (1920-1982), African-American inventor and engineer
* Ronnie Boykins, jazz bassist
* Stephanie Boykin, American politician
* Trevone Boykin, American football player
* William G. Boykin (b. 1948), former U.S. Army general and Deputy Undersecretary of Defense for Intelligence

## Places
### In the United States

* Boykin, Alabama
* Boykin, Georgia
* Boykin, South Carolina (disambiguation)
* Boykins, Virginia

## Other

* Boykin Spaniel, a dog breed
# Mitochondrial folate transporter

The mitochondrial folate transporter (MTF) is a transport protein that facilitates the transfer of tetrahydrofolate across the inner mitochondrial membrane. It is encoded by the SLC25A32 gene and belongs to the mitochondrial carrier superfamily.

## History

The mitochondrial folate transporter was first described in 2000.

## Role in pathology

Mutations of the SLC25A32 gene cause the condition putatively called "riboflavin-responsive exercise intolerance" (RREI), also known as SLC25A32 deficiency. The first case report linking this condition to SLC25A32 was published in 2016. Several additional cases of SLC25A32 deficiency have been described since. The phenotype of the patients is reminiscent of multiple acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (MADD).
According to a review published in 2020, mutations of the SLC25A32 gene have been shown to cause neural tube defects in mice, and they have been associated with several human cases, based on a re-sequencing of DNA of patients with neural tube defects.
# Siemnówek

Siemnówek is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Lubraniec, within Włocławek County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland.
# Guy Coleman

Guy Coleman (born 26 June 1974) is a New Zealand former cricketer and coach. He played three List A matches for Auckland in 2001/02. Coleman also played for Grafton United Cricket Club, scoring more than 4,600 runs and taking more than 400 wickets for the team, in a career spanning twenty years.
# Besnoitia

Besnoitia is a genus of apicomplexan parasites.

## Life cycle

The life cycle of many of the species in this genus are not known. The life cycle may be complex with various intermediate hosts and vectors including Stomoxys and Tabanidae.

## Pathology and effects on the host

Infection with these parasites causes pedunculated lesions in the skin, nasal cavity and larynx of domestic animals. The lesions consist of exophytic nodules protruding from mucosal surfaces.
# Argentometry

In analytical chemistry, argentometry is a type of titration involving the silver(I) ion. Typically, it is used to determine the amount of chloride present in a sample. The sample solution is titrated against a solution of silver nitrate of known concentration. Chloride ions react with silver(I) ions to give the insoluble silver chloride:
    Ag$^+$ (aq) + Cl$^−$ (aq) → AgCl (s) (K = 5.88 × 10$^{−9}$)

## Methods
### Volhard

An example of back titration, the Volhard method, named after Jacob Volhard, involves the addition of excess silver nitrate to the analyte; the silver chloride is filtered, and the remaining silver nitrate is titrated against ammonium thiocyanate, with ferric ammonium sulfate as an indicator which forms blood-red [Fe(OH$_2$)$_5$(SCN)]$^{2+}$ at the end point:
    Ag$^+$ (aq) + SCN$^−$ (aq) → AgSCN (s) (K$_{sp}$ = 1.16 × 10$^{−12}$)
    Fe(OH)(OH$_2$)$^{2+}$ $_5$ (aq) + SCN$^−$ (aq)→ [Fe(OH$_2$)$_5$(SCN)]$^{2+}$ + OH$^−$

### Mohr

In the Mohr method, named after Karl Friedrich Mohr, potassium chromate is an indicator, giving red silver chromate after all chloride ions have reacted:
    2Ag$^+$ (aq) + CrO$^{2−}$ $_4$ (aq) → Ag$_2$CrO$_4$ (s) (K$_{sp}$ = 1.1 × 10$^{−12}$)
The solution needs to be near neutral, because silver hydroxide forms at high pH, while the chromate forms Ag$_2$Cr$_2$O$_7$ or AgHCrO4 at low pH, reducing the concentration of chromate ions, and delaying the formation of the precipitate. Carbonates and phosphates precipitate with silver, and need to be absent to prevent inaccurate results.
The Mohr method may be adapted to determine the total chlorine content of a sample by igniting the sample with calcium, then ferric acetate. Calcium acetate "fixes" free chlorine, precipitates carbonates, and neutralizes the resultant solution. Ferric acetate removes phosphates. All chlorides are dissolved out of the residue, and titrated.

### Fajans

In the Fajans method, named after Kazimierz Fajans, typically dichlorofluorescein is used as an indicator; the end-point is marked by the green suspension turning pink. Prior to the end-point of the titration, chloride ions remain in excess. They adsorb on the AgCl surface, imparting a negative charge to the particles. Past the equivalence point, excess silver(I) ions adsorb on the AgCl surface, imparting a positive charge. Anionic dyes such as dichlorofluorescein are attracted to the particles, and undergo a colour change upon adsorption, representing the end-point. Eosin (tetrabromofluorescein) is suitable for titrating against bromide, iodide, and thiocyanate anions, giving a sharper end-point than dichlorofluorescein. It is not suitable for titrating against chloride anions because it binds to AgCl more strongly than chloride does.
# Rietmolen

Rietmolen is a village in the eastern Netherlands. It is located in the municipality of Berkelland, Gelderland.
It was first mentioned in the 1630s as Rytmuelerbrugh, and means "windmill along a stream". Since 1712, the inn Reetmölle was used as a Catholic church. In 1835, a real church was built. In 1931, construction began on a new church. It was finished in 1933, and has a 45 metres (148 ft) tall slender tower which resembles a minaret.

## Gallery

* Farm in Rietmolen
* Bus stop
* Tower of the church
# St Edmund Arrowsmith Catholic High School, Ashton-in-Makerfield

St Edmund Arrowsmith Catholic High School is a centre of secondary education in Ashton-in-Makerfield in the Metropolitan Borough of Wigan, Greater Manchester, England. It has around 1200 pupils and is a Leading Edge school. It is also the first Secondary School in the Wigan Borough to receive the Green Flag Award.
It is in the Catholic parish of St Oswald's with most pupils coming from Haydock English Martyrs Catholic Primary School Haydock, Sacred Heart Catholic Primary School, Hindley Green, St Oswald's Catholic Primary School, Ashton, St Benedicts Catholic Primary School, Hindley, and other schools in the boroughs of Wigan and St Helens. Mr. Dumican is the headmaster of the school. The school opened on 21 August 1961 and was formerly known as 'Blessed Edmund Arrowsmith.' It celebrated its Golden Jubilee of 50 years at a mass held at the Liverpool Cathedral on 29 June 2011.

## Uniform

The school's uniform consists of a bottle green blazer, white shirt, black or dark grey trousers (for boys) or grey skirt (for girls), and dark green tie with the school crest and red and light green stripes. The prefect tie consisted of a red tie with a golden emblem. It has recently been updated to being a red tie with thin black stripes and the senior prefects having thicker, solid black stripes. The old prefect ties are now used for Y10 prefects. Shoes are black or brown and socks must be grey or black.
The PE kit is a white T-shirt with a green section around the shoulders which contains the School logo in green the PE tops must be engraved with the pupils' initials. Boys wear black shorts, which again must be personalized and the school logo here is white. Both boys and girls also wear Red and green "SEA sport" personalized with the students initials once again. Boys also have a reversible red and green rugby top, personalized, for outdoor winter sports. Girls wear black skorts which is a cross between shorts and a skirt, this like all other garments of the PE kit must be personalized. All Pupils wear either trainers or Football boots for PE with football socks also. GCSE PE or dance/performing art students wear the same kit but in an all black colour..

## Notable former pupils

* Jennifer James (b. 1977) - actress, Coronation Street
* David McIntosh (b. 1985) - television personality, Gladiators star Tornado.
* Joe Burgess (b. 1994) - rugby league player, Wigan Warriors
* Oliver Gildart (b. 1996) - rugby league player, Hull Kingston Rovers
* Luke Thompson - rugby league player, St Helens R.F.C.