OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Greater Azores bullfinch

The greater Azores bullfinch (Pyrrhula crassa) was a large, extinct species of bullfinch in the family Fringillidae that was once endemic to the Azores. It is the first known extinct passerine to be described from the islands. It is the largest known member of its genus based on its skull size, and had a very robust beak reminiscent of that of a parrot. However, the remains are otherwise reminiscent of the extant but highly endangered Azores bullfinch (Pyrrhula murina).
The species was described from subfossil remains found inside a lava tube in a volcano on Graciosa Island, although it may have inhabited other islands as well. The species was likely wiped out due to human settlement in the archipelago in the 15th century by the Portuguese, which led to habitat destruction and the introduction of invasive plant species, both of which depleted the laurel forest that P. crassa likely relied on.
# Valle del Zalabí

Valle del Zalabí is a municipality located in the province of Granada, Spain. According to (INE), the town has a population of 2,315 inhabitants in 2011.
It is mainly formed by the neighbourhoods of Exfiliana, Alcudia de Guadix and Charches, which were independent municipalities until 1973.
# Child soldiers in India

Child soldiers in India is a common occurrence among non-state forces such as insurgent organizations and up to seventeen militant factions use child soldiers in the Kashmir region. According to a report from the Conflict Study Center, child soldiers are used in Assam, Manipur, Nagaland, Andhra Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Karnataka, Maharashtra and Jammu and Kashmir; and that children were used by both state backed and anti-state insurgent groups. Use of children below the age of 18 in active conflict is a violation of the Indian Penal Code, the Geneva convention and the Convention on the Rights of the Child.

## Chhattisgarh

In Chhattisgarh, it is estimated that up to 80,000 children are involved in the ongoing Naxalite insurgency. The majority of children are used by militants, though government supported self-defence militias also use them. The Asian Legal Resource Centre has stated that human rights groups have voiced concerns over the use of child soldiers by the state and the Naxalites. According to them, up to 118 districts in India are facing armed insurrection and that child soldiers were used by both sides in these conflicts. Human rights watch has also accused the Indian security forces of using children as spies and messengers, although the Indian government denies this allegation. The Coalition to Stop the Use of Child Soldiers report in 2008 stated that there was recruitment of children by banned maoist militant group and terrorist groups operating in Jammu and Kashmir and north eastern states of India. although the majority of child soldiers were used by militants.
# Ophtalmoplon aurivillii

Ophtalmoplon aurivillii is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Martins in 1965.
# Taste of Blues

Taste of Blues was a progressive rock band in Sweden, active in the 1960s.

## History

The band Taste of Blues was formed in 1967, in Malmö, Sweden, by musicians Claes Ericsson, who played keyboards and violin, and who would later be part of the 1970s "eclectic" rock band Lotus; vocalist Anders Stridsberg; guitarist Fred Rolf Berg; bassist Robert Moller; and drummer Patrick Erixson.
In 1969, and after American vocalist Don Washington had replaced Anders Stridsberg, the band recorded their only album Schizofrenia (SSR LP501). Taste of Blues dissolved shortly after, and Ericsson along with Erixson formed progressive, hard rock band Asoka.
The album Schizofrenia was re-released in 1992 by Swedish, vinyl label Garageland and in CD form by Transubstans Records.
# Schwarzerium quadricolle

Schwarzerium quadricolle is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Bates in 1884.
# Bahlen

Bahalein may refer to the following places in Germany:
* Bahalein(Boizenburg), a village in the municipality of Boizenburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern
* Bahalein (Dinklage), a village in the municipality of Dinklage, Lower Saxony
# Grace Lyons (cricketer)

Grace Lyons (born 11 September 2005) is an Australian cricketer who currently plays for Australian Capital Territory in the Women's National Cricket League (WNCL). She plays as a wicket-keeper and right-handed batter.

## Domestic career

In December 2022, Lyons played for Australian Capital Territory Under-19s at the Under-19 National Championships, and was the side's top-scorer with 136 runs including one half-century.
In May 2023, Lyons was named in the Australian Capital Territory squad for the upcoming season. In October 2023, she made her debut for the side in a WNCL match against Tasmania, scoring one run.
# Air (music)

An air (Italian: aria; also air in French) is a song-like vocal or instrumental composition. The term can also be applied to the interchangeable melodies of folk songs and ballads. It is a variant of the musical song form often referred to (in opera, cantata and oratorio) as aria.

## English lute ayres

Lute airs were first produced in the royal court of England toward the end of the 16th century and enjoyed considerable popularity until the 1620s. Probably based on Italian monody and French air de cour, they were solo songs, occasionally with more (usually three) parts, accompanied on a lute. (p. 306). Their popularity began with the publication of John Dowland's (1563–1626) First Booke of Songs or Ayres (1597). His most famous airs include "Come again", "Flow, my tears", "I saw my Lady weepe", and "In darkness let me dwell". The genre was further developed by Thomas Campion (1567–1620) whose Books of Airs (1601) (co-written with Philip Rosseter) contains over 100 lute songs and was reprinted four times in the 1610s. Although this printing boom died out in the 1620s, ayres continued to be written and performed and were often incorporated into court masques. (p. 309).

## Baroque and classical airs

By the 18th century, composers wrote airs for instrumental ensembles without a voice. These were song-like, lyrical pieces, often movements in a larger composition. Johann Sebastian Bach composed two of the best-known airs: the second movement of his Suite No. 3 in D major, BWV 1068, which August Wilhelmj arranged for violin and piano as Air on the G String; and the theme of his Goldberg Variations, BWV 988, the Air present also in Partitas BWV 825–830 harpsichord. The fifth movement of George Frideric Handel's Suite in F Major, HWV 348, part of Handel's Water Music collection, is another frequently performed air.
# Ebbs

Ebbs is a municipality in the Kufstein district of Tyrol in Austria. The village is located in the Judicial district of Kufstein and in 2016 had a population of 5,480.

## Geography

Ebbs is located in the Lower Inn Valley near Kufstein, to the east of the Inn river at the foot of the Kaiser Mountains. Ebbs is ranked among the largest municipalities in the Kufstein district and one of the largest villages in Tyrol. At 475 m above sea level, it is also the lowest village in Tyrol. The Inn forms the border to Bavaria.
# Independent (Sacred Reich album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
Independent is the third studio album by American thrash metal band Sacred Reich, released in 1993 via Metal Blade and Hollywood Records. The album is considered to be a slight departure from the band's early thrash metal style heard on their previous releases, with the album featuring a groove metal sound. Independent was Sacred Reich's first full-length album with Dave McClain on drums.

## Personnel

* Phil Rind – bass, vocals
* Wiley Arnett – lead guitar
* Jason Rainey – rhythm guitar
* Dave McClain – drums

### Additional credits

* Recorded and mixed at Eldorado Studios, North Hollywood, California, US
* Produced by Dave Jerden and Sacred Reich
* Engineered by Bryan Carlstrom
* Assistant engineered by Annette Cisneros
* Mixed by Dave Jerden
* Mastered by Eddy Schreyer at Future Disc Systems
* Cover illustration by Paul Stottler
* Portrait illustration (inlay) by John Dawson
# Kanami Nakamaki

Kanami Nakamaki (中牧 佳南, Nakamaki Kanami, born 5 June 1992) is a Japanese competitor in synchronized swimming.
She won three bronze medals at the 2015 World Aquatics Championships as well as two silver medals at the 2014 Asian Games. She also won two silver medals at the 2013 Summer Universiade.
# Harald Krüll

Harald Krüll (born 8 February 1957) is a German ice hockey player. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1980 Winter Olympics.
# Ramanujar (TV series)

Ramanujar is an Indian Tamil historical soap opera, written by former Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu Dr. M.Karunanidhi, starring Gowsik, Chanthirakanth, Gayathiri and Lakshmiraj. It aired Monday through Friday on Kalaignar TV from 1 June 2015 to 27 January 2017 at 7:30PM IST for 433 episodes. It had been receiving the highest ratings of Tamil serials and received high praising from viewers.

## Plot summary

The story revolves around the life of the Vaishnavite Acharya, Ramanujar and his contributions to the Hindu religion.

## Cast

* Kaushik Narasimhan as Ramanuja
* Chanthirakanth as Nathamunigal
* Gayathiri as Ganthimathi
* Lakshmiraj as Kesava Somayaji (Died in serial)
* Balaji as Alavanthar ( Yamunacharya)
* Girish Ayapath as Periyanambigal
* Senthil as Marthandam
* Jayalaskhmi as Patti
* Vijay Prasadh as Eswara Battar
* K.R.S Kumar as Yadavaprakasar
* Suresh as Thirumalai Nambigal
* Ananth as Thirukoshti Nambigal
* Deepak as Maraner Nambi
* Ranganathan as Manakkal Nambi
* Aruna
* Pranav
* S.S.Vasan as Uyyakondar
* Dhanush as Thirukatchi Nambi
* Nakshatra as Thanjamaambal
* Syamanta Kiran as Andal (Koorathazhwan's wife)

## Production

The series was written by Karunanidhi, who also wrote the popular historical series Romapuri Pandian (2014-2016) and Thenpandi Singam. The drama marked his third collaboration with creative director and producer Kutty Padmini.

## International broadcast

The Series was released on 1 June 2015 on Kalaignar TV. The Show was also broadcast internationally on Channel's international distribution. It aired in Sri Lanka, Singapore, Malaysia, South East Asia, Middle East, Oceania, South Africa and Sub Saharan Africa on Kalaignar TV and also aired in United States, Canada, Europe on Kalaignar Ayngaran TV. The show's episodes were released on Kalaignar TV YouTube channel.
* It airs in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh on TTD Bhakthi channel Dubbed in Telugu language.
# Linstead to New Works railway

vteLinstead to New Works railway :
Legend :
The Linstead to New Works railway was a railway in Jamaica constructed in 1921 to serve a citrus growing region to the north east of Linstead.

## Gradients

Linstead is at 400 feet while New Works is close below the 500 foot contour, so the line must have risen around 79 feet in its three miles for an average gradient of 1 in 200 or thereabouts.

## Stations and Halts

There must have been at least 2 stations on the line:
* Linstead Station (Branch Terminus)
* New Works Station (Terminus)

## Tunnels

There were no tunnels on the line.

## Bridges

There were probably no significant bridges on the line as its junction with the Spanish Town to Ewarton line would have been north of the Rio Magno Gully Bridge (~75m) and there are no other significant water courses between Linstead and New Works.
# Lamaying station

Lamaying Station (Chinese: 喇嘛营站) is a station on Line 2 of the Hohhot Metro. It opened on 1 October 2020.
# Kady McDermott

Kady Harriet McDermott (born 4 September 1995) is an English television personality and social media influencer, known for her appearances as a contestant on the second and tenth series of Love Island, in 2016 and 2023 respectively.

## Life and career

Kady Harriet McDermott was born on 4 September 1995 in Stevenage, Hertfordshire, and prior to appearing on television, she worked as a make-up artist. In 2016, McDermott became a contestant on the second series of Love Island. She was voted into the villa by the public as a "bombshell" on the third day of the series and eventually coupled up with Scott Thomas, with whom she reached the final and finished in third place. Following her appearance on the show, McDermott began working as an influencer. In 2017, she was scheduled to switch on the Christmas lights in Welwyn Garden City, the town she grew up in, however angry residents started a petition arguing that having a contestant from Love Island switching on the lights was "setting a bad example", a point McDermott argued against on an episode of Good Morning Britain. McDermott was later dropped from the light switch-on, with organisers stating that they didn't expect such a "strong reaction".
In 2018, McDermott joined the cast of the ITVBe reality series The Only Way Is Essex for the show's twenty-third series, as she was dating cast member Myles Barnett at the time. In 2022, McDermott was signed up to appear on Celebs Go Dating but was later "dropped from the series".
In 2023, McDermott returned to the Love Island villa as a "bombshell" in the tenth series, seven years after her original appearance. She became the second contestant in the show's history to participate in another series, after Adam Collard. McDermott was dumped from the island on Day 44 alongside Ouzy See at the VIP Beach Party.

## Filmography

As herself :
| Year | Title | Notes |
| 2016 | Love Island | Contestant; series 2 |
| 2017 | Good Morning Britain | Guest |
| 2018 | The Only Way Is Essex | Cast member; series 23 |
| 2023 | Love Island | Contestant; series 10 |
# Pei clan of Hedong

The Pei clan of Hedong(河東裴氏) was a notable Chinese clan politically active from the Han dynasty to the end of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period. Their ancestral home was in Hedong Commandery. Their founding father was Pei Ling (裴陵), the Lord of Jiepei (解𨛬君), who descended from the archaic Feng clan.
The Pei clan came to power during the Eastern Han dynasty. Many members of this clan held key appointments in the central government or in commanderies. While being politically influential, the Pei family was also renowned for their scholarship in the study of Confucian classics. The eight Peis (八裴) refer to eight siblings from the Pei family whose fame was on par with the Wang family of Langya, another prominent political family who played an important role in the Six Dynasties era. During the Six Dynasties era, the members of the Pei family served different empires and each of them contributed to the cementing of the Pei family's political influence.
When the Sui dynasty of northern China conquered the Chen dynasty of southern China in 590 and unified China under its rule, the branches of the Pei clan who served in these two different dynasties were also reunited. During the Tang dynasty, the Pei clan reached the pinnacle of prosperity and glory. 17 men from the Pei clan served as chancellors in the Tang imperial government, while there were numerous others who held lesser appointments. Some notable figures such as Pei Du, Pei Xingjian, and Pei Yaoqing dedicated their lives to serving the Tang Empire.
The Pei clan suffered severe damage during the chaotic years leading to the end of the Tang dynasty, and during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period which immediately followed the end of the Tang dynasty. The Pei family was never able to recover their political influence and ended up dissolving into different social classes.

## Origins of the Pei clan

The origin of the Pei clan is disputed by scholars of Chinese history. Lin Bao, a Confucian scholar of rites, argues that the Pei family descended from Feizi, the founder of the Qin state, the forerunner of the Qin dynasty. On the other hand, some epitaphs of the members of Pei family trace their origins to Pei Zhen, an exiled Qin noble who went to the Jin state and received a fief from Duke Ping, the Jin ruler. The fief was named Pei, so his descendants adopted Pei as their family name. In both cases, the Pei clan was distantly related to Qin Shi Huang, the first emperor of the Qin dynasty who directly descended from Feizi.

## Branches

These were the branches and some sub-branches of the Pei family of Hedong. The branches of the Pei family were also referred to as Juan (眷) in Chinese.
* Western Juan Pei (西眷裴)
** Middle Juan Pei (中眷裴)
** Xima Pei (洗馬裴)
** Wu Pei from South (南來吳裴)
* Eastern Juan Pei (東眷裴)

### Related clans

* Zhao clan of Tianshui, who also descended from Feizi like the Pei family
* Liu clan of Hedong, who lived in the same commandery as the Pei family

## Ancestral temple

The oldest surviving ancestral shrine in China is the Pei clan shrine (裴氏祠).
# Raja Mohan

Chilamkuri Raja Mohan is an Tamil Singaporean academic, journalist and foreign policy analyst. He is the Director of the Institute of South Asian Studies, National University of Singapore. Previously, he was the founding Director of Carnegie India. He has also been a Distinguished Fellow at the Observer Research Foundation, New Delhi and Senior Fellow at the Centre for Policy Research, New Delhi, and prior to that, a professor at the S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore and Professor of Centre for South, Central, Southeast Asian and Southwest Pacific Studies, School of International Studies at Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India. He was the Henry Alfred Kissinger Scholar in the John W. Kluge Center at the Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. during 2009-10.

## Career

Raja Mohan began his academic career at the Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses, New Delhi.
Mohan has had a number of stints in journalism as well. He was Strategic Affairs Editor of the Indian Express, New Delhi, and before that, served as Diplomatic Editor and the Washington Correspondent of The Hindu newspaper. He is a columnist for the Indian Express.
His foreign policy perspective is broadly liberal and pragmatist, arguing for closer ties between India and key global powers such as the United States, Russia, and China (PRC). He has also argued for using greater economic linkages to improve India's troubled ties with Pakistan. As he stated in an opinion piece in April 2012, "For far too long, Delhi has viewed its regional policy through the prism of security without reference to the economic interests of the people. Delhi should instead focus on modernising the national security management and bring it in line with the demands of a globalising economy. Denying visas, limiting trade and blocking foreign investment from neighbours — the traditional and blunt instruments of Delhi’s national security strategy — are hopelessly out of date."
He has a master's degree in nuclear physics and a Ph.D. in international relations. Mohan was a member of India's National Security Advisory Board during 1998-2000 and 2004-06. His books include Crossing the Rubicon: The Shaping of India's Foreign Policy (New York: Palgrave, 2004) and Impossible Allies: Nuclear India, United States and the Global Order (New Delhi: India Research press, 2006). His most recent work is Samudra Manthan: Sino-Indian Rivalry in the Indo-Pacific (Washington;Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, 2012). He was awarded the highest French distinction of Chevalier de la Légion d’Honneur (Knight of the Legion of Honour) in 2016.

## Books

* Crossing the Rubicon: The Shaping of India’s New Foreign Policy (Palgrave, 2004)
* Impossible Allies: Nuclear India, United States and the Global Order (India Research Press, 2006)
* Power Realignments in Asia: China, India and the United States (Sage, 2009)
* Samudra Manthan: Sino-Indian Rivalry in the Indo-Pacific (Brookings Institution Press, 2012)
* Modi’s World: Expanding India's Sphere of Influence (Harper Collins India, 2015)
* India’s Naval Strategy and Asian Security (Routledge, 2016)
# Raffi Wolf

Raffaela Wolf (born 20 June 1978) is a German female ice hockey player. She played forward position.

## Playing career
### Germany

Wolf was born in Dinslaken, West Germany.
She competed at two IIHF Women's World Championships. Her team finished 5th (Pool A) in 2001 and 7th (Pool A) in 2000. She represented Germany in the Germany women's national ice hockey team at the Winter Olympic Games. She competed in the 2002 Olympics and at the 2006 Olympics.

## Career stats
### IIHF Worlds

| Event | Games played | G | A | Pts |
| 2000 Worlds | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 2001 Worlds | 5 | 1 | 0 | 1 |

### Olympics

| Event | Games played | G | A | Pts | PIM |
| 2002 Olympics | 5 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 4 |
| 2006 Olympics | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |

### NCAA

| Year | Games played | G | A | Pts |
| 2000-01 | 20 | 7 | 8 | 15 |
| 2002-03 | 31 | 2 | 11 | 13 |

## Awards and honors

* 2002-03 Hockey East All-Academic Team
# Banach limit

In mathematical analysis, a Banach limit is a continuous linear functional $\phi :\ell ^{\infty }\to \mathbb {C}$ defined on the Banach space $\ell ^{\infty }$ of all bounded complex-valued sequences such that for all sequences $x=(x_{n})$, $y=(y_{n})$ in $\ell ^{\infty }$, and complex numbers $\alpha$:
* $\phi (\alpha x+y)=\alpha \phi (x)+\phi (y)$ (linearity);
* if $x_{n}\geq 0$ for all $n\in \mathbb {N}$, then $\phi (x)\geq 0$ (positivity);
* $\phi (x)=\phi (Sx)$, where $S$ is the shift operator defined by $(Sx)_{n}=x_{n+1}$ (shift-invariance);
* if $x$ is a convergent sequence, then $\phi (x)=\lim x$.
Hence, $\phi$ is an extension of the continuous functional $\lim :c\to \mathbb {C}$ where $c\subset \ell ^{\infty }$ is the complex vector space of all sequences which converge to a (usual) limit in $\mathbb {C}$.
In other words, a Banach limit extends the usual limits, is linear, shift-invariant and positive. However, there exist sequences for which the values of two Banach limits do not agree. We say that the Banach limit is not uniquely determined in this case.
As a consequence of the above properties, a real-valued Banach limit also satisfies:
    $\liminf _{n\to \infty }x_{n}\leq \phi (x)\leq \limsup _{n\to \infty }x_{n}.$
The existence of Banach limits is usually proved using the Hahn–Banach theorem (analyst's approach), or using ultrafilters (this approach is more frequent in set-theoretical expositions). These proofs necessarily use the axiom of choice (so called non-effective proof).

## Almost convergence

There are non-convergent sequences which have a uniquely determined Banach limit. For example, if $x=(1,0,1,0,\ldots )$, then $x+S(x)=(1,1,1,\ldots )$ is a constant sequence, and
    $2\phi (x)=\phi (x)+\phi (x)=\phi (x)+\phi (Sx)=\phi (x+Sx)=\phi ((1,1,1,\ldots ))=\lim((1,1,1,\ldots ))=1$
holds. Thus, for any Banach limit, this sequence has limit $1/2$.
A bounded sequence $x$ with the property that for every Banach limit $\phi$ the value $\phi (x)$ is the same is called almost convergent.

## Banach spaces

Given a convergent sequence $x=(x_{n})$ in $c\subset \ell ^{\infty }$, the ordinary limit of $x$ does not arise from an element of $\ell ^{1}$, if the duality $\langle \ell ^{1},\ell ^{\infty }\rangle$ is considered. The latter means $\ell ^{\infty }$ is the continuous dual space (dual Banach space) of $\ell ^{1}$, and consequently, $\ell ^{1}$ induces continuous linear functionals on $\ell ^{\infty }$, but not all. Any Banach limit on $\ell ^{\infty }$ is an example of an element of the dual Banach space of $\ell ^{\infty }$ which is not in $\ell ^{1}$. The dual of $\ell ^{\infty }$ is known as the ba space, and consists of all (signed) finitely additive measures on the sigma-algebra of all subsets of the natural numbers, or equivalently, all (signed) Borel measures on the Stone–Čech compactification of the natural numbers.