OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Carlin Unconformity

The Carlin Unconformity or Carlin Trend is a geologic feature in northeastern Nevada which represents a period of erosion or non-deposition likely associated with a collision between a tectonic crustal block called a terrane and the North American Plate. The collision occurred during the Mississippian Period, about 350 million years before present. The collision is associated with the Antler Orogeny.
The collision induced higher crustal temperatures and pressures which produced numerous hot springs along the suture zone. Several episodes of subsurface magmatism are known to have occurred subsequent to the collision, associated with tectonic forces affecting the entire Basin and Range Province. During each of these episodes, and particularly during the Eocene epoch, hot springs brought dissolved minerals toward the surface, precipitating them out along fissures. Among these minerals were gold and silver.
The Carlin Gold trend is one of the world's richest gold mining districts. It is a belt of gold deposits, primarily in Paleozoic limy sediments, that is about 5 mi (8.0 km) wide and 40 mi (64 km) long, extending in a north-northwest direction through the town of Carlin, Nevada. Gold was first discovered in the area in the 1870s, but there was little production until 1909, and only about 22,000 ounces was produced through 1964. By 2008, mines in the Carlin Trend had produced over 70 million ounces of gold, worth around $85 billion at 2010 prices.
# Ante Jelavić

Ante Jelavić (born 21 August 1963) is a Bosnian Croat politician who served as the 2nd Croat member of the Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina from 1998 to 2001. He was the youngest person to hold the office of Presidency member and also the youngest Presidency member at the end of his tenure.
Jelavić previously served as the Federal Minister of Defence from 1996 to 1998. He was also president of the Croatian Democratic Union from 1998 to 2002.

## Presidency (1998–2001)

At the 1998 general election, Jelavić was elected to the Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina, having obtained 52.91% of the vote. The Social Democratic Party candidate, Gradimir Gojer, was second with 31.83%. Taking office at the age of 35, he was the youngest person to hold the office of Presidency member.
On 7 March 2001, Jelavić was removed from office by the High Representative for Bosnia and Herzegovina, Wolfgang Petritsch. Petritsch justified his decision by observing that Jelavić had "directly violated the constitutional order of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and of Bosnia and Herzegovina"; in particular he cited Jelavić's leading role in the 'Croatian National Assembly' rally in Mostar on 3 March 2001, calling for a separate governing entity for Bosnian Croats.

## Investigations and indictments

On 22 January 2004, Jelavić was arrested in his home in Mostar, on charges of corruption. On 4 November 2005, the Court of Bosnia and Herzegovina in Sarajevo found Jelavić guilty of abuse of office, embezzlement of office, and lack of commitment in office. The findings of guilt related, in part, to the use of funds from the Federal Ministry of Defence to purchase shares in banking and insurance firms Hercegovačka Banka and Herzegovina Osiguranje. Judge Malcolm Simmons presided, A sentence of ten years imprisonment was subsequently pronounced, although Jelavić was not present at the sentencing hearing and remained at large.
His attorney, Dragan Barbarić, acting in his client's absence, initiated a successful appeal against the first instance verdict on the grounds that it lacked proper factual description of the offence and as such was in violation of criminal procedural law. On 4 July 2006, with the verdict revoked, the appeal panel, presided over by Judge Nedžad Popovac, called for new proceedings in which evidence presented at the first trial will be re-presented and in which new evidence may also be presented.
# Ashley Hunter (cartoonist)

Ashley John Barsley Hunter (1854–1932) was a New Zealand engineer, artist, photographer and cartoonist. Although principally employed as an engineer, his cartoons appeared in the New Zealand Graphic, Ladies Journal and Youth Companion (1890–1913) in the 1890s and 1900s.

## Biography

Hunter was born in England and moved to New Zealand in 1871 with his family. He married Eliza Jane Halyday in 1878; he died in Auckland in 1932.
After working as a photographer upon arrival in New Zealand, Hunter was appointed as an engineering cadet in the Public Works Department in Wellington (1872.) He continued to work for the Public Works Department until 1882, when he went into private practice in partnership with James Stewart. Hunter then went on to become an engineer for the Westport Coal Company (1894–1897), the Paparoa Coal Company (1906–1910), the Waipa Coal Company and the Westport Stockton Coal Company (1910–1913). In 1918, he was responsible for laying out the Glen Afton coal mine and the Huntly branch railway.
He was a member of the UK Institution of Civil Engineers and president of the New Zealand Society of Civil Engineers from 1922 to 1923.
# Kochanovce, Humenné District

Kochanovce is a village and municipality in Humenné District in the Prešov Region of northeast Slovakia.

## History

In historical records the village was first mentioned in 1543.

## Geography

The municipality lies at an altitude of 157 metres and covers an area of 5.02 km$^2$. It has a population of 752 (y.2018) people.

## Genealogical resources

The records for genealogical research are available at the state archive "Statny Archiv in Presov, Slovakia"
* Roman Catholic church records (births/marriages/deaths): 1802-1911 (parish B)
* Greek Catholic church records (births/marriages/deaths): 1768-1946 (parish B)
# Arlington Central School District

The Arlington Central School District (abbreviated ACSD) is one of thirteen public school districts serving residents of Dutchess County, New York. The district was created in 1924.

## Organization
### Coverage area

The district's territory covers substantial parts of the towns of: Beekman, La Grange, Pleasant Valley, Poughkeepsie, and Union Vale. The district also includes small parts of the following towns: East Fishkill, Hyde Park, Pawling, and Wappinger.
Census-designated places (hamlets) within this district include Arlington, Freedom Plains, MacDonnell Heights, Pleasant Valley, Titusville, and Vassar College, as well as portions of Red Oaks Mill. Vassar maintains an apartment complex for faculty, which may house school-age dependents.

### Enrollment

As of 2011, ACSD had 9,724 students. In the 2009–2010 school year one elementary school, LaGrange, was shut down, its last day being on June 23, 2010. Its building was converted into office space for the district. Arlington Middle School was removed on June 20, 2014, and its building was converted into Arthur S. May Elementary School four days later. The previous Arthur S. May building from 1925 was closed on the latter date, and was repurposed into The Lofts at the School in late March 2023. Both structures had served as a high school for the district in the past.

## Schools
### Elementary

* Beekman Elementary School
* Vail Farm Elementary School
* Noxon Road Elementary School
* Titusville Intermediate School
* Overlook Primary School
* Arthur S. May Elementary School
* Joseph D'Aquanni West Road Intermediate School
* Traver Road Primary School

### Middle

| school | town | grades | notes |
| LaGrange Middle School | LaGrange | Grades 6-8 | Formerly AHS South Campus and constructed in 1966 |
| Union Vale Middle School | Union Vale | Grades 6-8 | Constructed in 2004, along with Vail Farm Elementary School |

### High

* Arlington High School

### Other

* Dutchess County BOCES
# Renee Bargh

Renee Bargh (born 18 October 1986) is an Australian entertainment reporter, who is best known as a host of Channel [V] Australia. She is currently the weekend co-host and correspondent for Extra in the United States. On 23 January 2020, Bargh became the co-host of The Voice Australia, alongside Darren McMullen for the series 9 season.

## Early life

Renee was born in Southport, Queensland. She spent the first three years of her life living in Vanuatu before her family settled in the hills behind the beachside town of Byron Bay.
Upon graduating from Mullumbimby High school in northern New South Wales, Renee moved to Sydney to complete a Certificate IV in Performing Arts at Brent Street.

## Career

In 2006, Renee got her start in the entertainment industry as part of the pop group, Girlband. The group released two top 50 singles, Electric and Party Girl, written by Kara DioGuardi and Greg Wells. The group supported a national tour for The Rogue Traders before disbanding in April 2007.
Later that year, Bargh made her move into television presenting, joining Tim Campbell as co-host of National Bingo Night on Channel Seven.
In 2008, Renee hosted the Nine Network's surfing adventure series, Surfari. The show profiled the best surf locations around the Pacific, featuring stories on adventure activities as well as segments on the local culture. The series aired on Saturdays from March to May 2008.
Following Surfari, Bargh joined the music station Channel [V] Australia. During her time there, she co-hosted "What you Want", Channel V's studio countdown show, was the host of the weekly V Rater and V News, and presented two series of B430, Channel V's youth Travel show, which took her to Budapest, New Zealand, New York and Los Angeles.
In 2010, Renee moved to Los Angeles and became Extra's weekend co-host and correspondent through the show's 17th Season.
In 2020, Bargh co-hosted the ninth season of The Voice Australia alongside Darren McMullen.
In April 2021, Bargh competed in the eighteenth season of Dancing with the Stars. She was partnered with Jarryd Byrne, they were eliminated in the semi-finals alongside Jamie Durie and his partner Siobhan Power on 20 April 2021.
In July 2024, Bargh was appointed as entertainment reporter on Today.
# P. A. Ogundipe

Phebean Ajibola Ogundipe, née Itayemi, OON (1927-2020) was a Nigerian author and civil servant. Writing as Phebean Itayemi, she became the first Nigerian woman to be published in English, after winning a British Council short story competition. She later published textbooks under the name P. A. Ogundipe.

## Life

Phebean Ogundipe was born in Esa-Oke, Osun State on 6 May 1927 of Ijesha origin. She attended elementary school in Esa-oke and Imesi-ile before going to Queen's College, Lagos for secondary schooling. She gained a degree at the University of St Andrews, and a diploma from the Institute of Education at the University of London. Returning to Nigeria, she became an English teacher.
Ogundipe story Nothing So Sweet won a 1946 British Council competition for the western region of Nigeria, coming ahead of the contributions of T. M. Aluko and Cyprian Ekwensi. The story portrays a teenage girl who endures abduction as part of an attempt to conclude an arranged marriage. At the end of the story the young woman achieves freedom, leaving her village at night to train as a nurse.
Ogundipe met her husband, Adebayo Ogundipe, the younger brother of Babafemi Ogundipe, who later rose to become Chief of Staff Supreme Headquarters between January and August 1966, while teaching with him at Queen's School, Ede. In 1960 she became an education officer in the Western Region, and became Principal of Adeyemi College of Education. Moving to the Federal Ministry of Education in 1966, she was promoted to senior education officer. She oversaw the integration of a federal universal primary education scheme with that of the Western State. She retired as assistant director of education in December 1976.
In 2013 Ogundipe published a book of memoirs, Up-Country Girl. She died on 27 March 2020 in Charlotte, North Carolina.

## Works

* 'Nothing So Sweet', in T. Cullen Young, ed., New African Writing: Short stories by African authors, London: Lutterworth Press, 1947.
* (ed. with P. Gurrey) Folk Tales and Fables. London: Penguin, 1953.
* (with Una Maclean and Molly Mahood) 'Three Views of The Swamp Dwellers', Ibadan, Vol. 6 (June 1959), pp. 27–30
* Practical English: a comprehensive secondary course. 1965.
* (with Mabel Dove-Danquah) The Torn Veil, and Other Stories. Evans Bros, 1975.
* (with Margaret Macaulay and C. E. Eckersley) Brighter grammar : an English grammar with exercises. Harlow: Longman, 1983.
* New practical English. 1985.
* Up-Country Girl: A Personal Journey and Truthful Portrayal of African Culture. AuthorHouse, 2013.
# Billy Joe Booth

Billy Joe Booth (April 7, 1940 – June 30, 1972) was an American-born Canadian football player. He played professional football with the Ottawa Rough Riders in the Canadian Football League (CFL) from 1962 to 1970. A graduate of Louisiana State University in Baton Rouge, he was drafted by the New York Giants in round thirteen, draft number 181 of the 1962 NFL draft. Booth was killed in a plane crash in Ontario in 1972.
# The Old Oregon Trail (film)

The Old Oregon Trail is a 1928 American silent film directed by Denver Dixon, starring F. C. Rose and Delores Booth.

## Cast

* F. C. Rose as Thomas Mercer
* Delores Booth as Billie Mercer
* Art Seales as The squatter
* Grace Underwood as The mother
* Sid Seales as The teamster
* Art Mix as The Cowboy from Pasco [aka Calamity Joe]
# Asherton Independent School District

Asherton Independent School District was a public school district based in the community of Asherton, Texas (USA).
The community is located along the Mexico–United States border, southwest of San Antonio.
The district existed until 1999, when it was ordered to consolidate with Carrizo Springs schools by the Texas Education Agency (TEA) to form the Carrizo Springs Consolidated Independent School District. The TEA determined that the Asherton ISD had not followed proper procedures in assessing school property taxes, which was the basis for its closure. TEA officials stated that "financial instability/insolvency" was the reason behind the district's dissolution.
The Carrizo Springs district moved all students in grades 7-12 into its existing junior high and high schools, but left the Asherton school open to serve grades PreK-6.

## District enrollment (1988-1999)

* 1988-89 - 419 students
* 1989-90 - 414 students
* 1990-91 - 474 students
* 1991-92 - 444 students
* 1992-93 - 436 students
* 1993-94 - 430 students
* 1994-95 - 401 students
* 1995-96 - 388 students
* 1996-97 - 392 students
* 1997-98 - 365 students
* 1998-99 - 364 students
The ethnic composition of Asherton ISD in its final year of operation (1998–99) was 98% Hispanic, 1% White, and 1% African American. Of the 364 students, 330 (90.7%) were considered economically disadvantaged.

## Student performance

Asherton ISD's performance on the Texas Assessment of Academic Skills (TAAS), a state standardized test used from 1991 to 2003, generally met state standards. The elementary and high school campuses consistently received ratings of "Acceptable" based on the number of students passing each section of the TAAS test. The district received a separate rating of "Academically Unacceptable: Special Accreditation Investigation (SAI)" in its final four years of operation. Unlike an "Academically Unacceptable" rating, that was designated for districts with low student test performance, "Academically Unacceptable: SAI" ratings were based on problems in governance, finances, testing practice, compliance with federal regulation, and/or administrative management.
# Geometry of numbers

Geometry of numbers is the part of number theory which uses geometry for the study of algebraic numbers. Typically, a ring of algebraic integers is viewed as a lattice in $\mathbb {R} ^{n},$ and the study of these lattices provides fundamental information on algebraic numbers. Hermann Minkowski (1896) initiated this line of research at the age of 26 in his work The Geometry of Numbers.
The geometry of numbers has a close relationship with other fields of mathematics, especially functional analysis and Diophantine approximation, the problem of finding rational numbers that approximate an irrational quantity.

## Minkowski's results

Suppose that $\Gamma$ is a lattice in $n$-dimensional Euclidean space $\mathbb {R} ^{n}$ and $K$ is a convex centrally symmetric body. Minkowski's theorem, sometimes called Minkowski's first theorem, states that if $\operatorname {vol} (K)>2^{n}\operatorname {vol} (\mathbb {R} ^{n}/\Gamma )$, then $K$ contains a nonzero vector in $\Gamma$.
The successive minimum $\lambda _{k}$ is defined to be the inf of the numbers $\lambda$ such that $\lambda K$ contains $k$ linearly independent vectors of $\Gamma$. Minkowski's theorem on successive minima, sometimes called Minkowski's second theorem, is a strengthening of his first theorem and states that
    $\lambda _{1}\lambda _{2}\cdots \lambda _{n}\operatorname {vol} (K)\leq 2^{n}\operatorname {vol} (\mathbb {R} ^{n}/\Gamma ).$

## Later research in the geometry of numbers

In 1930–1960 research on the geometry of numbers was conducted by many number theorists (including Louis Mordell, Harold Davenport and Carl Ludwig Siegel). In recent years, Lenstra, Brion, and Barvinok have developed combinatorial theories that enumerate the lattice points in some convex bodies.

### Subspace theorem of W. M. Schmidt

In the geometry of numbers, the subspace theorem was obtained by Wolfgang M. Schmidt in 1972. It states that if n is a positive integer, and L$_1$,...,L$_n$ are linearly independent linear forms in n variables with algebraic coefficients and if ε>0 is any given real number, then the non-zero integer points x in n coordinates with
    $|L_{1}(x)\cdots L_{n}(x)|<|x|^{-\varepsilon }$
lie in a finite number of proper subspaces of Q$^n$.

## Influence on functional analysis

Minkowski's geometry of numbers had a profound influence on functional analysis. Minkowski proved that symmetric convex bodies induce norms in finite-dimensional vector spaces. Minkowski's theorem was generalized to topological vector spaces by Kolmogorov, whose theorem states that the symmetric convex sets that are closed and bounded generate the topology of a Banach space.
Researchers continue to study generalizations to star-shaped sets and other non-convex sets.
# Goodbye Flatland

Goodbye Flatland is the tenth album by Canadian rock band 54-40. The album did not do well commercially compared to their previous albums, only debuting at #36 on the Canadian Alternative Albums chart.

## Track listing

* "Ride" – 3:53
* "Animal in Pain" – 2:50
* "Take Me Out" – 4:01
* "Hope the Hell I Haven't Died" – 3:11
* "Not Enough to Make You Happy" – 3:33
* "Who is Sylvia" – 4:18
* "Broken Girl" – 4:16
* "Goodbye Flatland" – 3:26
* "Secret" – 4:31
* "Giants" – 3:40
* "Seventeen On" – 4:23
* "Wish I Knew" – 2:48

## Production

* Howard Redekopp - Producer, Engineer
* Warne Livesey - Mixer
# City of London Group

City of London Group plc is a United Kingdom-based investment company. The company was listed on the FTSE Fledgling Index of the London Stock Exchange under the ticker CIN in the financial services sector. Following a vote at its AGM in January 2023 the decision was made to delist the business. The company focuses on specialist financing and alternative fund management.
# Leśniewice, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship

Leśniewice is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Sośno, within Sępólno County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. It lies approximately 11 kilometres (7 mi) south of Sośno, 21 km (13 mi) south-east of Sępólno Krajeńskie, and 29 km (18 mi) north-west of Bydgoszcz.
# Niwki, Tuchola County

Niwki is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Tuchola, within Tuchola County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland.
# Pedro Manrique de Lara (archbishop)

Pedro Manrique de Lara, O.S.A. (1553–1615) was a Roman Catholic prelate who served as Archbishop of Zaragoza (1611–1615) and Bishop of Tortosa (1601–1611).

## Biography

Pedro Manrique de Lara was born in Crotone, Italy in 1553 and ordained a priest in the Order of Saint Augustine. On 12 February 1601, he was appointed during the papacy of Pope Clement VIII as Bishop of Tortosa. At the end of 1610 King Philip III named Pedro Manrique Viceroy of Catalonia. The bishop moved to Barcelona, and was mainly concerned with the problems arising from the departure of the Catalan Moors. On 8 April 1611, he was appointed during the papacy of Pope Paul V as Archbishop of Zaragoza. In August 1611, Manrique left Barcelona for Zaragoza and took possession of his new position on 28 August. He served as Archbishop of Zaragoza until his death on 7 June 1615.
# P-form electrodynamics

In theoretical physics, p-form electrodynamics is a generalization of Maxwell's theory of electromagnetism.

## Ordinary (via. one-form) Abelian electrodynamics

We have a two-form $\mathbf {A}$, a gauge symmetry
    $\mathbf {A} \rightarrow \mathbf {A} +d\alpha ,$
where $\alpha$ is any arbitrary fixed 0-form and $d$ is the exterior derivative, and a gauge-invariant vector current $\mathbf {J}$ with density 1 satisfying the continuity equation
    $d{\star }\mathbf {J} =0,$
where ${\star }$ is the Hodge star operator.
Alternatively, we may express $\mathbf {J}$ as a closed (n − 1)-form, but we do not consider that case here.
$\mathbf {F}$ is a gauge-invariant 2-form defined as the exterior derivative $\mathbf {F} =d\mathbf {A}$.
$\mathbf {F}$ satisfies the equation of motion
    $d{\star }\mathbf {F} ={\star }\mathbf {J}$
(this equation obviously implies the continuity equation).
This can be derived from the action
    $S=\int _{M}\left[{\frac {1}{2}}\mathbf {F} \wedge {\star }\mathbf {F} -\mathbf {A} \wedge {\star }\mathbf {J} \right],$
where $M$ is the spacetime manifold.

## p-form Abelian electrodynamics

We have a p-form $\mathbf {B}$, a gauge symmetry
    $\mathbf {B} \rightarrow \mathbf {B} +d\mathbf {\alpha } ,$
where $\alpha$ is any arbitrary fixed (p − 1)-form and $d$ is the exterior derivative, and a gauge-invariant p-vector $\mathbf {J}$ with density 1 satisfying the continuity equation
    $d{\star }\mathbf {J} =0,$
where ${\star }$ is the Hodge star operator.
Alternatively, we may express $\mathbf {J}$ as a closed (n − p)-form.
$\mathbf {C}$ is a gauge-invariant (p + 1)-form defined as the exterior derivative $\mathbf {C} =d\mathbf {B}$.
$\mathbf {B}$ satisfies the equation of motion
    $d{\star }\mathbf {C} ={\star }\mathbf {J}$
(this equation obviously implies the continuity equation).
This can be derived from the action
    $S=\int _{M}\left[{\frac {1}{2}}\mathbf {C} \wedge {\star }\mathbf {C} +(-1)^{p}\mathbf {B} \wedge {\star }\mathbf {J} \right]$
where M is the spacetime manifold.
Other sign conventions do exist.
The Kalb–Ramond field is an example with p = 2 in string theory; the Ramond–Ramond fields whose charged sources are D-branes are examples for all values of p. In eleven-dimensional supergravity or M-theory, we have a 3-form electrodynamics.

## Non-abelian generalization

Just as we have non-abelian generalizations of electrodynamics, leading to Yang–Mills theories, we also have nonabelian generalizations of p-form electrodynamics. They typically require the use of gerbes.