OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Lancaster Herald

Lancaster Herald of Arms in Ordinary is an English officer of arms at the College of Arms in London. The title of Lancaster Herald first occurs in 1347 at Calais, and to begin with this officer was a servant to the noble House of Lancaster. As a retainer of John of Gaunt (1377–1399) Lancaster was advanced to the rank of King of Arms, and was later promoted to the royal household of Henry IV (Gaunt's son), and made king of the northern province. This arrangement continued until 1464, when Lancaster reverted to the rank of herald. Since the reign of Henry VII (1485–1509) Lancaster has been a herald in ordinary. The badge of office is a red rose of Lancaster, royally crowned.
The current Lancaster Herald of Arms is Adam Tuck.

## Holders of the office

| Arms | Name | Date of appointment |
| Lancaster Herald to the Earl or Duke of Lancaster ||||
| | Herman (surname unknown) | (1354) |
| | John (surname unknown) | (1358) |
| | Nicholas (surname unknown) | (1366) |
| | Roger Durroit. | (1386) |
| | Richard Bruges | (Richard II) |
| Lancaster King of Arms in Ordinary ||||
| | Richard Bruges | (Richard II) |
| | John Ashwell | (1426) |
| | William Boys | (1436) |
| | William Tyndale | (1447) |
| Lancaster Herald of Arms in Ordinary ||||
| | James Collier or Collyer | (Edward IV) |
| | Richard Ashwell | (Edward IV) |
| | (name unknown) | (1486) |
| | Thomas Wall | 1509–1526 |
| | William Jennings or Jenys | 1526–1527 |
| | William Fellows | 1527–1531 |
| | Fulk ap Howell | 1531–1536 |
| | Thomas Milner | 1536–1538 |
| | Nicholas Tubman | 1553–1559 |
| | John Cocke | 1559–1588 |
| | Nicholas Paddy | 1588–1602 |
| | Francis Thynne | 1602–1609 |
| | Nicholas Charles | 1609–1613 |
| | William Penson | 1613–1637 |
| | Thomas Thompson | 1637–1641 |
| | William Ryley | 1641–1658 |
| | George Barkham | 1658–1660 |
| | William Ryley | 1660–1665 |
| | Robert Chaloner | 1665–1676 |
| | Francis Sandford | 1676–1689 |
| | Gregory King | 1689–1712 |
| | Rowland Fryth | 1712–1713 |
| | John Hesketh | 1713–1727 |
| | Stephen Leake | 1727–1729 |
| | Charles Greene | 1729–1743 |
| | Thomas Browne | 1743–1761 |
| | Sir Isaac Heard | 1761–1774 |
| | Thomas Lock | 1774–1781 |
| | Charles Townley | 1781–1793 |
| | Edmund Lodge | 1793–1822 |
| | George Frederick Beltz | 1822–1841 |
| | Sir Albert Woods | 1841–1869 |
| | George Edward Cokayne | 1870–1882 |
| | Edward Bellasis | 1882–1922 |
| | Archibald Russell | 1922–1954 |
| | John Walker | 1954–1968 |
| | Sedley Andrus | 1972–1982 |
| | Sir Peter Gwynn-Jones | 1982–1995 |
| | Robert Noel | 1999–2021 |
| | Adam Tuck | 2023–present |
# Billups House

Billups House, also known as Milford, is a historic home located near Moon, Mathews County, Virginia. It was built between about 1770 and 1790, and is a 1+1⁄2-story, three-bay, frame dwelling set upon a low brick basement. It has a gable roof with dormers and interior end chimneys. The interior has a central-passage, double-pile Georgian plan.
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.
The home was owned by Billups descendants until 2013.
# Flag of South Bend, Indiana

The flag of South Bend, Indiana was adopted by the city council during the mayorship of Pete Buttigieg on April 25, 2016. It is a field of white and yellow separated by a two blue curved lines with a white line between them and a red six-pointed star in the upper left corner.

## History
### 1965 flag

On May 23, 1965, the 100th anniversary of the city charter, South Bend first raised their flag, which featured a blue version of the city seal on a field of yellow. The seal reads "THE CITY OF SOUTH BEND, INDIANA" and the year of the city's founding, 1865. The seal also shows the word "PEACE," a 35-star American flag (which was in use at the time of the city's founding), and a sunrise. The city seal itself dates back to at least 1949.

### 2016 flag

In October 2015, in celebration of the city's 150 anniversary, a competition was announced for residents to submit their own designs for a new flag. Color use was limited to blue, red, yellow, and white; and designs had to include symbols for the St. Joseph River, connectivity, diversity, and innovation. Submissions were also asked to adhere to the North American Vexillological Association's five basic principles of flag design. Over 200 submissions were received from residents of all ages and narrowed down to three from residents and professional graphic designers Garrett Gingerich, Jeffrey Koenig, and Indiana University South Bend student Jesse Villagrana. Community input was collected with over 1,000 online and in-person comments from residents. Gingerich was ultimately commissioned to make the final design, wherein he had to integrate elements from all three of the finalist designs as well as public feedback. The final design was unveiled on March 9, 2016, at an event with Koenig and Villagrana; the flag was officially adopted several weeks later on April 25.

## Symbolism

The red six-pointed star represents the city's six council districts. The color red symbolizes passion and was chosen due to its common use in local logos and for its national patriotism. It also evokes the stars of the flag of the nearby city of Chicago, although that flag uses a lighter shade of red. The blue lines represent the St. Joseph River, which runs through South Bend. According to designer Garret Gingerich, the S-shape of the blue lines is meant to invoke the city's name while the strip of white in between serves as a bridge to the future. The white on the left symbolizes peace; the yellow on the right symbolizes friendship and was the field color of South Bend's original flag.
# Jayasimha I of Malwa

Jayasimha (reigned c. 1055-1070 CE) was the ruler of the Kingdom of Malwa in central India. He was the successor, and possibly the son, of the dynasty's most powerful king Bhoja. He appears to have ascended the throne with the support of the Kalyani Chalukya prince Vikramaditya VI, and appears to have been dethroned by Vikramaditya's rival brother Someshvara II.

## Source of information

The only known inscription that mentions a Paramara ruler named Jayasimha is the 1055-56 CE Mandhata copper-plate inscription. It is very similar to Bhoja's inscriptions, and records the grant of the Bhima village to Brahmins. The inscription is dated 1112 Vikrama Samvat; the exact date corresponds to either 27 May 1055 CE (assuming Chaitradi year) or 13 July 1056 CE (assuming Karttikadi year). It mentions Jayasimha's predecessors as Bhoja, Sindhuraja and Vakpatiraja. Jayasimha's titles and name are given as "Parama-bhattaraka Maharajadhiraja Parameshvara Jayasimha-deva".
No other Paramara inscription mentions Jayasimha. The Udaipur Prashasti and the Nagpur Prashasti of the later Paramara kings omit Jayasimha's name, and mention Bhoja's brother Udayaditya as the next king after Bhoja.

## Biography

Jayasimha was probably Bhoja's son. At the time of Bhoja's death, a confederacy of the Kalachuri king Karna and the Chaulukya king Bhima I had attacked Malwa. It is possible that Jayasimha and Udayaditya were rival claimants to the throne under these conditions.
Bilhana, a court poet of the Kalyani Chalukya king Vikramaditya VI mentions that his patron had helped re-establish the rule of a king in Malwa. Bilhana does not name the king of Malwa, but it appears that he was Jayasimha. P. N. Kawthekar theorizes Jayasimha sought help from the Chalukya king Someshvara I, who dispatched prince Vikramaditya to help Jayasimha ascend the throne.
After the death of Someshavara I, there was a war of succession between the Chalukya princes Someshvara II and Vikramaditya VI. It appears that Someshvara II considered Jayasimha an ally of Vikramaditya, and therefore, allied with Karna to dethrone him. Jayasimha may have been killed in the ensuing conflict. Later, Udayaditya ascended the Paramara throne, and salvaged the kingdom.
# Giulio Ricordi

Giulio Ricordi (19 December 1840 – 6 June 1912) was an Italian editor and musician who joined the family firm, the Casa Ricordi music publishing house, in 1863, then run by his father, Tito, the son of the company's founder Giovanni Ricordi. Upon his father's death in 1888, Giulio became the head of the company until his death.

## Biography

Under the pen name Jules Burgmein, Ricordi contributed a very great deal to the prestige of the Casa Ricordi as it also produced several magazines (La gazzetta musicale, Musica e musicisti and Ars et labor), and various other once famous publications (La biblioteca del pianista, l'Opera Omnia di Frédéric Chopin, L'arte musicale in Italia, Le Sonate di Domenico Scarlatti).
Ricordi was also publisher of the later operas by Giuseppe Verdi, having established a relationship with that composer as a young man. In 1853, Ricordi built a mansion, Villa Margherita Ricordi (Coordinates 45.994321N 9.238636E), in Griante on the shore of Lake Como. Visits by Verdi to this mansion may have been related to the successful strategy of luring the aging composer out of his retirement with the composition of his two final works, Otello in 1887 and Falstaff in 1893.
But he also promoted younger composers of merit. These included Amilcare Ponchielli, Alfredo Catalani, Carlos Gomes, Umberto Giordano, and, above all, Giacomo Puccini. To Puccini in particular, he became something of a father-figure, feared (and often needing to be censorious over Puccini's dilatory work habits) but deeply trusted.

## Depictions in media

* The play After Aida — a 1985 play-with-music by Julian Mitchell — depicts Ricordi's struggle to get the retired Verdi to collaborate with a young librettist, Arrigo Boito, on a project, which resulted in Otello.
* In November 2001, Tell Giulio the Chocolate is Ready, a radio play by Murray Dahm, was produced and broadcast by Radio New Zealand. The play is based on the letters of the Verdi-Boito correspondence and explores the genesis and production of Verdi and Boito's opera Otello including the role played by Giulio Ricordi. The play and broadcast included those sections of the opera as they appeared in the correspondence (such as Iago's Credo).
# Les Avants–Sonloup funicular

The Les Avants–Sonloup funicular (French: Chemin de fer Les Avants–Sonloup) is a metre gauge funicular railway in the Swiss canton of Vaud. It links the railway station of Les Avants, on the Montreux–Lenk im Simmental line between Montreux and Montbovon, with an upper terminus at Sonloup.

## Description

The funicular, which was opened on 14 December 1912, runs at a right angle to the MOB line for a distance of 515 m (1,690 ft) and in doing so climbs at a 54% gradient to a height of 184 m (603.7 ft) above Les Avants. The line is still operated with the original Belle Epoque carriages.
The peak season for tourists, is in the spring, when the narcissus and forget-me-not plants flower in the meadowlands near the summit.

## Parameters

The funicular has the following parameters:
| Feature | Value |
| Number of stops | 2 |
| Configuration | Single track with passing loop |
| Track length | 515 metres (1,690 ft) |
| Rise | 180 metres (590 ft) |
| Maximum gradient | 54% |
| Track gauge | 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) metre gauge |
| Number of cars | 2 |
| Capacity | 40 passengers per car |
| Maximum speed | 1.6 metres per second (5.2 ft/s) |
| Travel time | 6 minutes |
The line is operated by Transports Montreux – Vevey Riviera, under the GoldenPass Services banner.

## Gallery

* Les Avants-Sonloup funicular cabin
# Jordan Halsman

Jordan Halsman (born 13 June 1991) is a Scottish professional footballer, who played for Elgin City until 2017. He plays as left-back, but can also operate as a midfielder.
Whilst at Motherwell he had loan spells with Annan Athletic, Dumbarton and Albion Rovers. After Motherwell, he was signed with Greenock Morton and Cowdenbeath, whilst he has also played for Icelandic sides Fram and Breiðablik UBK.

## Career

Halsman came from the Motherwell youth development programme, and was instrumental as the Motherwell under-19 side finished second in the 2009–10 Scottish Premier under-19 League behind Celtic. Halsman, along with four other youth players, signed a two-year professional contract with the Fir Park club. He made his SPL debut as a substitute on 17 October 2009 against Celtic in a 0–0 draw at Celic Park. On 28 February 2010, Halsman appeared on Soccer AM taking part in the Skill Skool contest, but only just lost out to Euan Lindsay of Hamilton Accies.
On 21 July 2010, Halsman moved to Third Division side Annan Athletic on loan until 17 January 2011. Halsman was offered the chance to stay at the Galabank outfit for the rest of the season. However, the left-sided youngster rejected this, as he attempts to force his way into Motherwell manager Stuart McCall's first-team plans. On 28 January 2011, Halsman joined Dumbarton on loan, initially for a month, but that was then extended until the end of the season as part of Nicky Devlin's transfer to Motherwell. Halsman scored his first Dumbarton goal in a 5–2 home win over Peterhead. On 20 January 2012, Halsman was again sent out on loan, this time to Albion Rovers of the Second Division. His loan spell ended when he was recalled by Motherwell on 21 March 2012. Halsman was then released at the end of his contract on 11 May 2012, having struggled to break into the Motherwell first-team.
In June 2012, Halsman signed a one-year deal with First Division side Greenock Morton. At the end of the season, Halsman moved to Iceland to sign for Fram. On 29 January 2014 Halsman signed a one-year contract with Icelandic side Breidablik UBK. On 3 December 2014, Halsman returned to Scotland to sign for Scottish Championship side Cowdenbeath. Halsman made his debut on 6 December 2014 in a 1–0 defeat to Rangers at Ibrox Stadium. At the end of the 2014–15 season, Halsman was released by Cowdenbeath.

## Personal life

Halsman's younger brother, Bradley, is also a professional footballer. He was also with the Motherwell Under-19 squad up until he was released in Summer 2011, and currently plays for Nairn County.

## Honours
### Greenock Morton

* Scottish Football League First Division: Runners-Up 2012–13

### Fram Reykjavík

* Icelandic Cup: Winners 2013
# ESchoolView

eSchoolView is a content management system and website developer based in Columbus, Ohio. The company's clients include public, private, and charter school institutions. Rob O’Leary and Grant Wright founded eSchoolView in 2008.

## History

In 2008, Rob O’Leary and Grant Wright founded eSchoolView. eSchoolView held its “Investing in Our Future,” a scholarship for high school seniors, competition in December 2013. That month, the company pledged $35,000 towards student scholarships.
During the 2013-2014 school year, eSchoolView partnered with Hannah Ashton Middle School in Reynoldsburg, Ohio to create a coding class for eighth grade students. In April 2014, eSchoolView launched its first “tailor-made” website in Iowa. Later that year, eSchoolView was listed on District Administration’s “Readers' Choice Top 100 Products.”
The company was listed as No. 1409 on Inc. Magazine's Inc. 5000 index of fastest growing U.S. companies that year. By June 2014, the company served over 200 Ohio school districts and 1,300 educational organizations in 31 states. In 2015, eSchooView's sustained growth was again recognized and was named 1907 on Inc. Magazine's 5000 list. In October 2015, eSchoolView was featured in District Administration magazine as a provider of K12 websites.
# Castilleja de la Cuesta

Castilleja de la Cuesta is a town and municipality in the province of Seville, in the autonomous community of Andalusia, Spain.
Castilleja de la Cuesta has a local specialty, the "torta de aceite". This is a thin, crisp baked good made with olive oil and a hint of anise. They are eaten throughout Spain and exported to many countries.

## Notable people

* Hernán Cortés — Died here on December 2, 1547. His body is interned in the Templo de Jesús of the Hospital de Jesús Nazareno in Mexico City.
* Eduardo Cansino Sr. — Born here, father of actress Rita Hayworth.
* Miguel Ángel Llera — Born here, footballer and football manager who played for Scunthorpe United.
* Pepe Luis Vázquez Garcés — Died here on 19 May 2013, bullfighter and later bull breeder.
# Jack Boyle

John Anthony Boyle (March 22, 1866 – January 7, 1913), nicknamed "Honest Jack", was an American catcher and first baseman in Major League Baseball. His younger brother, Eddie Boyle, played in 1896.

## Baseball career

Born in Cincinnati, Boyle began his professional baseball career in 1886, playing in one game for the Cincinnati Red Stockings of the American Association. On November 12, 1886, he was traded, along with $350, to the St. Louis Browns in exchange for Hugh Nicol.
In 1887, Boyle caught only a couple of games until July 3. Although some sources credit Boyle with having caught 87 straight games, the correct statistic is 43 straight games--after that he played right field, ending his then-record streak.
Boyle accompanied Charles Comiskey to the Chicago Pirates of the Players' League team in 1890 and returned with him to St. Louis the following year. In 1892, Boyle signed with the New York Giants for $5,500.
After one season with New York, Boyle was traded, with Jack Sharrott and cash, on March 11, 1893, to the Philadelphia Phillies in exchange for Roger Connor. Boyle spent the next five years as a catcher and first baseman for the Phillies. On July 9, 1898, he was sold by Philadelphia to the Giants for $1,000. However, he did not play a single game for them and was returned to Philadelphia on August 15, 1898.
A well-respected and versatile fielder, Boyle played every position but pitcher during his major league career. One of only four major league players to have played 500 games at catcher and had at least two seasons with 100 games or more at first base (with Joe Mauer, Joe Torre and Gene Tenace), he has been described as a "19th-century multi-position sensation".
Popular with fans and teammates, Boyle captained the Phillies in the mid-1890s. He also served as an umpire in the National League (4 games) and American Association (1 game) between 1888 and 1897.
The origins of Boyle's nickname are uncertain. It has been proposed that "Honest Jack" refers to his candor with his teammates and the press, or that it was originally bestowed by his teammates to distinguish him from his fellow catcher "Dirty" Jack Doyle when they both played for the Giants.

## Later life

Boyle opened a saloon in the Ohio River city on Seventh Street.
In 1913, Boyle died at his home in Cincinnati at the age of 46. He was interred at the St. Joseph New Cemetery in Cincinnati.
# Bagborough House

Bagborough House in West Bagborough, Somerset, England was built circa 1730. It was designated a Grade II* listed building on 4 May 1984.
Bagborough House was built in 1739 by the Popham family, next to St Pancras Church. The saloon has decoration in the style of William Kent which dates from the original construction. The south front which has five Ionic columns, overlooks a landscaped park.
The house was enlarged in 1820 when the stable block was built. Further enlargement took place in 1900.
There is also a listed sundial, and walled kitchen garden.
It has been the venue for various social events including the Hunt Ball of the Devon and Somerset Staghounds.
It was used as one of the locations for the filming of the film Pandaemonium, which was largely shot in the surrounding Quantock Hills.
The house is now lived in by Diana and Philip Brooke-Popham, and used as a wedding venue.
# Żydowo, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship

Żydowo is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Lubraniec, within Włocławek County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. It lies approximately 5 kilometres (3 mi) west of Lubraniec, 23 km (14 mi) south-west of Włocławek, and 57 km (35 mi) south of Toruń.
# Laura Lang

Laura Lang is the former CEO of Time Inc. She was the CEO of Digitas, a global integrated brand agency from 2008 to 2012.

## Career

Lang was raised in Warwick, Rhode Island. She graduated from Tufts University and received an MBA in finance from the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania. She began her career on the client side, in product and brand management at the Quaker Oats Co., Bristol-Myers and Pfizer Pharmaceutical Co. She then spent time as senior vice president/group manager at Yankelovich Clancy Shulman. After that, she served as president at Marketing Corp. of America, where she did strategic consulting for clients in the retail, electronics and information, entertainment, travel, and gaming industries.
In 1999, she joined Digitas and ran the company's New York office for several years. She became CEO of Digitas North America in 2004 and then global CEO in 2008. Under Lang's leadership, Digitas doubled its new-business revenue in 2008 and expanded relationships with some of its key clients.
In 2007, Advertising Age named Lang one of its "Women to Watch". Lang also made BtoB Magazine's "Who's Who" list in 2006, 2007, and 2009. She currently sits on the advisory board of the Tufts University Entrepreneurial Leadership Program, the Board of Directors for Benchmark Electronics, and the Board of Directors for Nutrisystem. She also co-chairs “The One Hundred,” a committee dedicated to raising awareness and funds for the Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center.

## Recognition

In 2012, Forbes named Lang one of the top 20 most influential businesswomen in the world.
# Vojvodina League West

Vojvodina League West (Serbian: Vojvođanska liga "Zapad") was part of the Serbian Zone Leagues, the fourth tier of Serbian football. The league was organized by the Football Association of Vojvodina.
Vojvodina League West consisted of 16 clubs from West Bačka District, South Bačka District, and Srem District. Teams competed in a double round-robin league format, playing each other both home and away. At the end of each season, the top club was promoted to Serbian League Vojvodina. The second-placed team faced the runner-up from the Vojvodina League East in a two-legged play-off, with the aggregate winner securing a spot in the Serbian League Vojvodina.
After the 2013–14 season, the Vojvodina League West was a replaced with Bačka Zone League and Novi Sad-Srem Zone League.

## Champions history

| Seasons | Nb. Clubs. | Champions | Points | Runners up | Points |
| 2004–05 | 16 | FK Sloga, Temerin | 69 | OFK Futog, Futog | 68 |
| 2005–06 | 16 | OFK Futog, Futog | 64 | FK Proleter, Novi Sad | 57 |
| 2006–07 | 16 | FK Mladost, Bački Jarak | 65 | OFK Slavija, Novi Sad | 58 |
| 2007–08 | 16 | FK Metalac, Futog | 61 | FK Mladost, Turija | 55 |
| 2008–09 | 18 | FK Veternik, Veternik | 79 | FK Donji Srem, Pećinci | 75 |
| 2009–10 | 18 | FK Solunac, Rastina | 73 | FK Cement, Beočin | 71 |
| 2010–11 | 16 | FK Dunav, Stari Banovci | 66 | FK Borac, Novi Sad | 64 |
| 2011–12 | 16 | FK Radnički, Sremska Mitrovica | 58 | FK Jedinstvo, Stara Pazova | 57 |
| 2012–13 | 16 | OFK Bačka, Bačka Palanka | 64 | FK Indeks, Novi Sad | 57 |
| 2013–14 | 16 | FK PIK, Prigrevica | 65 | FK Cement, Beočin | 55 |
# Pentarane A

Pentarane A, also known as D'6-pentarane or pregna-D'6-pentarane, as well as 16α,17α-cyclohexanoprogesterone, 16α,17α-tetramethylenepregn-4-ene-3,20-dione, or 17α-acetyl-16β,24-cyclo-21-norchol-4-en-3-one, is a steroidal progestin that was developed by the Zelinskii Institute of Organic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences and was never marketed. The 6α-methylated analogue of pentarane A is known as mecigestone or as pentarane B.