OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Jonas Ivens

Jonas Ivens (born 14 October 1984 in Beveren) is a retired Belgian footballer who played as a centre back. He is currently the assistant manager of AS Monaco.
He made a name of himself in his homeland Belgium, before moving to Dutch football in the summer of 2010 after signing with Groningen.

## Career
### Belgium

Ivens broke through to the first team of hometown club KSK Beveren in the 2003–04 season. He played one season for the club, in a period in which Jean-Marc Guillou guided Beveren to a more attractive financial situation through talented Ivorian players. This meant a limited opportunity for Ivens to play in the first team, which resulted in moving to second division side KMSK Deinze in 2004. There he played two seasons, before being signed by K.V. Mechelen in the spring of 2006. With Mechelen he promoted to the Belgian Pro League, and became captain of the team.

### FC Groningen

On 16 June 2010, Ivens signed a four-year contract with Groningen. Groningen paid a €500,000 fee for the player. He made his first-team debut in a 2–2 Eredivisie draw against Ajax on 8 August 2010.

## Coaching career

After retiring at the end of the 2015–16 season, Ivens was hired as a physical coach at Waasland-Beveren. In the summer 2018, he took charge of the club's reserve and would, next to that, also function as an assistant manager for the first team.
In the summer 2019, he was appointed assistant manager of Club Brugge KV under manager Philippe Clement. On 3 January 2022, Ivens moved to AS Monaco together with Clement.
# Wolffsohn's viscacha

Wolffsohn's viscacha (Lagidium wolffsohni), pronounced "wolf-sewns vi-skah-chuh", and locally known as chinchillón anaranjado, is a rare species of rodent in the family Chinchillidae. This species occurs in southwestern Argentina and adjacent Chile. It occurs up to about 4,000 m (13,000 ft) above sea level. It is found in rocky outcrops in mountainous areas.

## Etymology

Wolffsohn's viscacha was initially intended to be named after the president of Wolffsohn's company. However, Oldfield Thomas, on behalf of the British Museum, named it Wolffsohni in recognition of Wolffsohn's contributions to the study of the species.

## Description

Wolffsohn's viscacha features a relatively large body, measuring approximately 470 mm from head to body, with the tail extending up to 305 mm. The coat is characterized by a wool-like texture, with hair lengths varying between 35 and 50 mm. Notably, the tail hairs can exceed a length of 150 mm. It is easily identifiable by its orange-clay coloration, short black ears, and distinctly bushy tail.

## Diet

Wolffsohn's viscacha is a specialist herbivore that primarily consumes grasses when available. Grasses, including Festuca pallescens, as well as genera Pappostipa and Poa, comprise 60.4% of its diet. The fruit of Berberis heterophylla comprises 21% of its diet.
# Niccolò Scolari

Niccolo Scolari (died 1200) was an Italian cardinal.
He was cardinal-nephew of Pope Clement III, his uncle, who elevated him in September 1190. In older historiography he is erroneously listed as Niccolo Boboni and nephew of Pope Celestine III. He subscribed papal bulls as S.R.E. diaconus cardinalis between 23 October and 19 December 1190, as cardinal-deacon of Santa Lucia in Orthea on 17 February 1191, and finally as cardinal-deacon of Santa Maria in Cosmedin between 15 May 1191 and 4 August 1200. He died before 23 December 1200.
# Israeli airstrikes on Al Qard Al Hasan

This page is subject to the extended confirmed restriction related to the Arab-Israeli conflict.
The Israeli Defense Forces conducted airstrikes on the Al-Qard Al-Hasan Association, a Hezbollah-linked financial institution on the night of October 20–21, 2024. During these airstrikes, the Israeli air force targeted a number of Al-Qard Al-Hassan's sites in Lebanon. Israel says AQAH finances Hezbollah's military activities - a claim the group denies, saying it has no role other than providing small, interest-free loans to ordinary Lebanese, in line with Islamic law's ban on receiving interest.

## Stated Purpose of strikes

The association provides social services to the Shiite community in Lebanon and is said to be a major source of funding for Hezbollah's activities. These attacks aimed to harm Hezbollah's economic infrastructure, particularly its funding sources. Due to Al-Qard Al-Hasan's links to Hezbollah, the organisation has been subject to sanctions by the United States. According to the US Treasury Department, Al-Qard Al-Hasan says it serves the people of Lebanon but in practice “illicitly moves funds through shell accounts and facilitators”. Israeli sources indicated that the airstrikes aimed to damage Hezbollah's operational capabilities and funding during the military confrontation, hinder its ability to rebuild after the conflict, and undermine the trust between Hezbollah and the Shiite population in Lebanon. An Israeli source said that Al-Qard Al-Hasan helped fund Hezbollah's operations.

## Pre-strike evacuations

Before the airstrikes began, the Israeli army issued specific evacuation warnings to residents living near the targets. Israel gave warnings for more than a dozen buildings in Beirut according to The New Arab. As a result, there were reports of mass movement among displaced individuals fleeing from Beirut and other targeted areas, including the Dahieh, the Beqaa Valley, and southern Lebanon.

## Analysis

From the perspective of international humanitarian law, experts say AQAH is not a legitimate military objective, regardless of Israel's claims about its role in financing Hezbollah. According to Ben Saul, UN Special Rapporteur on Human Rights and Counter-Terrorism, “International humanitarian law does not permit attacks on the economic or financial infrastructure of an adversary, even if they indirectly sustain its military activities.”
Amal Saad, a leading expert on Hezbollah, believes that the aim of these attacks is to destroy what is also known as the Hezbollah’s "community of resistance." According to Saad, Hezbollah's civilian institutions influence hundreds of thousands of Lebanese, mostly Shiites and these attacks are a way to further "strangulating the community".

### Dahiya doctrine

Dahiya doctrine is an Israeli military strategy involving the large-scale destruction of civilian infrastructure, or domicide, to pressure hostile governments.
# Siegelbach

Siegelbach is a village located just northwest of the city of Kaiserslautern, in the heart of Germany's Rheinland-Pfalz. The village, with its 2,600 inhabitants, is included in the urban district (Stadtkreis) of Kaiserslautern, as incorporated in 1969.
The arms of Siegelbach can be viewed at the Heraldry Wiki.
# Sudanese passport

The Sudanese passport is issued to citizens of Sudan for international travel.
The Republic of the Sudan started issuing electronic passports to citizens in May 2009. The new electronic passport will be issued in three categories:
* The citizen's passport (ordinary passport) will be issued to ordinary citizens and will contain 48 pages. This passport is valid for ten years.
* Businessmen and women who need to travel often will be issued a commercial passport that will contain 64 pages. This passport is valid for seven years.
* Smaller passports that contain 32 pages only will be issued to children.
The microprocessor chip will contain the holder's information. The cost of a new passport for adults will be approximately SDG10000 in 2021.

## Sudanese Passport Features

Sudanese passports are dark blue in color, with a gilded falcon in the center of the front cover. Below the logo is the word "passport" and جواز سفر (in English: Passport). The Sudanese passport contains 62 pages, and because Arabic is a written language from right to left, the passport opening starts from right to left. As for the new electronic passports, they are of a dark blue color, with the same design as the green passport.
Sudanese passports are issued in both Arabic and English.

## Issuing Authorities

Ordinary passports are issued by the Ministry of the Interior (Passports, Immigration and Nationality Administration), or from consulates and Sudanese embassies outside Sudan. As for the new electronic passports, they are what are currently being issued. No information is available yet on the availability of new passports outside Sudan. Types of Sudanese passports are:
* Diplomatic passports,
* Private passports,
* Passports for a mission,
* Ordinary passports,
* Commercial passports.
* Passports for foreign affairs.

## Passport Pages content

In the electronic passport, the information of the passport holder appears on the first page of the passport, and the information is in the following order:
* Passport number 1234356
* National number 655
* The place of issuance is redundant
* Issue date 1:00 pm – 1:00 pm
* End date 6-15
* Issuing authority 5
* A photo of the passport holder
* Barcode (serial number + number of issuing authority)
* Title (in Arabic)
* Reading machine symbols
# Wolf 1346

Wolf 1346, otherwise known as HD 340611 and WD 2032+248, is a star in the northern constellation of Vulpecula. With an apparent magnitude of 11.546, it is too faint to be seen by the naked eye but can be observed using a telescope with an aperture of 51 mm (2.0 in) or larger. It is located at a distance of approximately 48.4 light-years (14.8 pc) according to Gaia EDR3 parallax measurements, and is receding from the Sun at a heliocentric radial velocity of +71.0 km/s.

## Properties

This is a young, non-magnetic white dwarf with an age of 60 million years. It is a little less than two-thirds the mass of the Sun and just 1.4% the radius, that is 1.5 times the size of Earth or 9,670 km (6,010 mi). With an effective temperature of 21,608 K (21,335 °C; 38,435 °F), it shines with 3.3% of the Sun's luminosity. It belongs to the thin disk of the Milky Way. There is marginal indication that the star is orbited by a binary companion.
It has the spectral type DA2.4, indicating that the atmosphere is dominated by hydrogen, which is the only element whose spectral lines show up in the star's visible spectrum. It has been subject to multiple ultraviolet spectroscopic observations. Silicon lines were discovered in 1984 from spectra obtained by the International Ultraviolet Explorer. The abundance of silicon in the photosphere has been measured at log(Si/H)=−7.5 ± 0.2, which, compared to the solar value of log(Si/H)=−4.5, is approximately one thousand times less. This amount is comparable to what is expected from radiative levitation. Carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen are absent in the spectra, consistent with theories of element diffusion. Observations by the Hopkins Ultraviolet Telescope revealed that the Lyman-beta line shows signs of the dihydrogen cation (H$_2$$^+$), which, in cooler DA white dwarfs, causes similar signatures in the Lyman-alpha line.
# Veropoulos Skopje

Veropoulos Skopje (Macedonian: Веропулос Скопје, Albanian: Veropulos Shkup) is a subsidiary of the Greek retail company Veropoulos in North Macedonia stationed in the capital Skopje.
# 1977 visit by Anwar Sadat to Israel

* This article is part of a series aboutAnwar Sadat
Early life and revolutionary activities
Assassination
Presidency
Corrective Revolution (Egypt)
Infitah
1977 Egyptian bread riots
Family
Jehan Sadat (wife)
Atef Sadat (brother)
Talaat Sadat (nephew)
Mohamed Anwar Esmat Sadat (nephew)
Portrayals
The Days of Sadat
Sadat (miniseries)
Legacy
Sadat Museum :
vte :
On 19–21 November 1977, President of Egypt Anwar Sadat visited Jerusalem. The purpose of the visit was to address the Knesset, the legislative body in Israel, to try to advance the Israeli-Arab peace process. Sadat met with senior Israeli officials, including Prime Minister Menachem Begin. It was the first visit of its kind by an Arab leader to Israel. At that time, the two countries were considered at war.

## Background

International Zionist leaders sent telegrams to the Egyptian embassies in Austria and Washington D.C. expressing their desire to hold a secret meeting with Sadat, but these attempts failed due to the objection of the Foreign Minister. The Israelis did not despair, so they went to Moroccan King Hassan II, where Menachem Begin suggested direct contact with Egypt, and Sadat accepted that. He sent Hassan Al-Tahami as his delegate to meet Moshe Dayan, the then Minister of Foreign Affairs, in Rabat.
Sadat had stated before a special session of the Egyptian People's Assembly that he was ready to go to their "home," the Knesset in Jerusalem and discuss peace on 9 November 1977. Among those present was the leader of the Palestine Liberation Organization, Yasser Arafat. Sadat got a standing ovation, and the audience did not think that the president was serious about what he was saying. The Israelis responded and sent an official invitation to him through the American ambassador in Cairo.
Foreign Minister Ismail Fahmi submitted his resignation in protest just two days ahead of the visit.

## The visit

“You want to live with us in this part of the world,” Sadat declared. “In all sincerity, I tell you, we welcome you among us, with full security and safety.” During the speech, he also fervently rejected Israeli sovereignty over the Old City of Jerusalem. After visiting Al Aqsa Mosque, Sadat toured the Church of the Holy Sepulchre.

## Aftermath

Sadat's move was widely condemned by Arab leaders. In response, Arab leaders, including the leaders of Libya, Algeria, Syria, South Yemen, Iraq, and the Palestine Liberation Organization, met in Tripoli, Libya, on December 2 and 5, 1977.
Talks continued in the Egyptian city of Ismailia, with American mediation. In 1978, the two sides would reach a bilateral agreement at Camp David that culminated in a peace treaty. On 6 October 1981, while watching the annual parade that marked Egypt's initial success in the Yom Kippur War, Sadat was assassinated. Some claim that one of the motives for the murder was the peace agreement.
# Denis Kravtsov

Denis Viktorovich Kravtsov (Russian: Денис Викторович Кравцов; born 18 March 1990) is a Russian former football midfielder.

## Club career

He made his debut in the Russian Second Division for FC Amur-2010 Blagoveshchensk on 7 September 2011 in a game against FC KUZBASS Kemerovo.
# Red Flag 7-class locomotive

The Red Flag 7-class (Korean: 붉은기7 Pulg'ŭn'gi-7), also known as the Red Flag 2.16 class (붉은기2.16 Pulg'ŭn'gi-2.16) is a two-section, permanently coupled electric locomotive built by the Kim Chong-t'ae Electric Locomotive Works in North Korea and used by the Korean State Railway for heavy freight trains on mountainous lines.

## Description

Following the success of the Red Flag 6-class articulated locomotives, the Kim Chong-t'ae Electric Locomotive Works set to the development of a successor in the early 1990s. The new design integrated updated mechanical and electric components, allowing for a maximum speed of 120 km/h with a power output of 5,418 kilowatts (7,266 hp). They are essentially an upgraded, two-part version of the Ch'ŏngnyŏnjŏl Kinyom-class locomotives, which are a locally manufactured derivative of the Francorail-MTE CSE26-21-type diesel locomotives received by the Korean State Railway from France in the 1980s.
The first two prototypes were numbered 7001 and 7002, and both were painted in different variations of a red and yellow livery. Misleadingly, 7001 wore "Red Flag 6" nameplates on the cab ends; 7002, however, carried new nameplates inscribed with the new designation, Red Flag 2.16 class, after the birthdate of Kim Jong-il.
Aside from the two prototypes, locomotives of this class have not yet been noted on rail lines generally seen by foreigners, though two have been seen inside the Kim Chong-t'ae Works plant. 7002 was on display at the Museum of the Three Revolutions in P'yŏngyang for a time, but by the spring of 2007 it had been removed and put into service in the northern part of the country.
# Patrizia Cavazzoni

Patrizia Cavazzoni was the director of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER). Prior to this position she worked at Pfizer and had been a psychiatrist. She resigned from FDA on January 10, 2025, ten days before Donald Trump took office.

## Education

Cavazzoni earned her medical degree from McGill University and subsequently was a fellow at the University of Ottawa. She then joined the University of Ottawa as an assistant professor before moving to the pharmaceutical industry, where she worked at Pfizer.
She moved to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration in 2018, and was named acting director of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) Center for Drug Evaluation and Research in 2020 and director in 2021. During the COVID-19 pandemic, Cavazzoni has spoken publicly about the need for science to guide policies and about the future of the Center for Drug Evaluation and Research after the COVID-19 pandemic. She also noted that she would hand Donald Trump a blank sheet of paper if asked to submit a list of workers who should not receive due process protections.

## Research

While she worked at the Royal Ottawa Hospital, Cavazzoni examined the link between genetics and personality, and the chemicals implicated in brain chemistry. She further examined the connections between diabetes and patients receiving antipsychotic medications.

## Selected publications

* Buse, John B.; Cavazzoni, Patrizia; Hornbuckle, Kenneth; Hutchins, David; Breier, Alan; Jovanovic, Lois (2003-02-01). "A retrospective cohort study of diabetes mellitus and antipsychotic treatment in the United States". Journal of Clinical Epidemiology. 56 (2): 164–170. doi:10.1016/S0895-4356(02)00588-7. ISSN 0895-4356. PMID 12654411.
* Breier, Alan; Berg, Paul H.; Thakore, Jogin H.; Naber, Dieter; Gattaz, Wagner F.; Cavazzoni, Patrizia; Walker, Daniel J.; Roychowdhury, Suraja M.; Kane, John M. (2005-10-01). "Olanzapine Versus Ziprasidone: Results of a 28-Week Double-Blind Study in Patients With Schizophrenia". American Journal of Psychiatry. 162 (10): 1879–1887. doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.162.10.1879. ISSN 0002-953X. PMID 16199834.
* Cavazzoni, P (2003). "Nizatidine for prevention of weight gain with olanzapine: a double-blind placebo-controlled trial". European Neuropsychopharmacology. 13 (2): 81–85. doi:10.1016/S0924-977X(02)00127-X. PMID 12650950. S2CID 43289579.

## Honors and awards

Cavazzoni received the American College of Psychiatrists's Laughlin Fellowship.
# Luszkowo

Luszkowo is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Pruszcz, within Świecie County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. It lies approximately 8 kilometres (5 mi) east of Pruszcz, 13 km (8 mi) south-west of Świecie, 32 km (20 mi) north-east of Bydgoszcz, and 39 km (24 mi) north-west of Toruń.

## History

Luszkowo was a royal village of the Kingdom of Poland, administratively located in the Świecie County in the Pomeranian Voivodeship .
Following the joint German-Soviet invasion of Poland, which started World War II in September 1939, the village was occupied by Germany until 1945. In October 1941, the occupiers carried out expulsions of Poles, who were deported to a transit camp in Smukała [pl], Bydgoszcz, while their houses were handed over to German colonists as part of the Lebensraum policy.
# Inna Stepanova

Inna Yakovlevna Stepanova (Russian: Инна Яковлевна Степанова; born 17 April 1990) is a Russian archer of Buryat ethnicity. Stepanova is a student of Physical Education at Buryat State University.

## Career

At the 2012 Summer Olympics she competed for her country in the Women's team event, reaching the semifinals in the women's team event where her team lost to China 207 to 208, and then lost the bronze medal match 207 to 209 to Japan. She placed 17th in the ranking round of the women's individual archery competition.
At the 2016 Summer Olympics Inna Stepanova won the silver medal in the team competition, with Tuyana Dashidorzhiyeva and Kseniya Perova. She placed 9th in the individual event.
# Church of St Oswald, Shipton Oliffe

The Anglican Church of St Oswald at Shipton Oliffe in Shipton in the Cotswold District of Gloucestershire, England, was built in the 12th century. It is a grade I listed building.

## History

The earliest part of the church is Norman but was extended in the 13th century by the addition of the chancel and south aisle.
The church was owned by Gloucester Abbey.
The west gallery and box pews were removed and the church restored between 1902 and 1904 by H.A. Prothero.
The parish is part of the Coln River Group benefice within the Diocese of Gloucester.

## Architecture

The limestone building has a stone slate roof. It consists of a nave, south transept with porch and chancel.
There is a small 13th century bellcote with two pointed bell chambers.
In the church is a medieval octagonal font and 14th century piscina within a sedilia. There are fragments of wall paintings on the chancel arch and north wall. The north wall also has a blocked Norman doorway which has since had a window inserted into it.
# Seaman's Beverages

Seaman's Beverages was a family-run business involved in the manufacturing of carbonated beverages. It was established in 1939 by F.R. Seaman, and operated independently until 2002 where it was sold to The Pepsi Bottling Group. Only two of the beverage flavours survived into the modern era, and the brand was finally discontinued in 2020.

## History

The business was founded in 1939 by F. R. Seaman, after he acquired a loan of $2,500 from one of his cousins. He operated out of an old brick building that also served as his residence in the early years. He delivered soda to local stores in the backseat of his Ford jalopy. F. R Seaman married Jean MacLeod.
Sometime in the 1960s, Seaman's obtained a license to bottle Pepsi Cola products, and as a result, the factory had to be expanded. They were encouraged to stop producing their own brand and exclusively produce Pepsi Cola products, but they refused, because the Seaman's branded products have always done well.
The last owner of the business was Rundell Seaman, who sold the business to The Pepsi Bottling Group in 2002. Before the sale there was 11 different flavours, that was quickly reduced to 4–5, and then two. (Orange and Ginger Ale)
The bottling plant in Charlottetown was closed down and converted into a depot for soda produced in Moncton. The Moncton bottling plant took over production for the brand.
Before the acquisition, Seaman's products were sold around the Maritimes, Toronto, and Montreal. Before the brand was discontinued it is mostly sold in Prince Edward Island, but they could occasionally be found elsewhere in the Maritimes.
Pepsi distribution on Prince Edward Island was managed by a local company, and the depot was occupied by a local food products supplier.
In 2010, The Pepsi Bottling Group and PepsiAmericas were purchased by PepsiCo.
In early 2020, Pepsi discounted the brand due to low demand.

## Flavours

Over its history, the company has produced a range of flavours, including:
* Olde Fashioned Orange
* Diet Orange with Sucralose
* Cream Soda
* Ginger Ale
* Ginger Brew
* Birch Beer
* Grapefruit and Lime
* Lime Rickey
* Root Beer
Ginger Ale and Orange were the only flavours available when the brand was discontinued.