OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Jaman Shah

Jaman Shah is a small town in Layyah District in Punjab, Pakistan. It lies at 30°52'16.5"N 70°56'20.1"E, 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) south of Layyah city. The area consists of a semi-rectangular block of sandy land between the Indus and Chenab rivers in Sindh Sagar Doaba. It is within the recently established civil division of Dera Ghazi Khan. Here the founder of Jaico Publishing House, Jaman Ali Khan ('Gilani') was born to a simple Sayed Muslim family of Arab ancestry which originated from Ha'il and Loralai Agency.

## History

Jaman Shah is named after the Saint Jumman Shah, whose followers named the place after him and whose tomb in located in the town.

## Description

The Indus River flows to its Western side. Basti Piply, Basti Jhakar, Basti Jaisal, Basti Chandrain, Basti Jawali, Dari, Basti lali, Moza Khokhar Wala, Basti Bhakri, Basti Kunal , Chah Kikar Wala/ Wandar Wala and Chah Langar Wala/Achlana Wala are some known places there. Thaheem, Sayyed (gillani), Sayyed (Kazmi), Klasra, Jhakar, Achlana, Melowana, Jutt Wandar, Jutt Taheem, Qasai, Roongha, Chanchra are some of the castes belonging to Jaman Shah.

## Education

The education system in Jaman Shah is formulated along specific modern, religious, cultural, social, psychological and scientific injunctions. The system is divided into four levels: primary (grades one through five); middle (grades six through eight); high (grades nine and ten, leading to the Secondary School Certificate); intermediate (grades eleven and twelve, leading to a Higher Secondary School Certificate). Student need to travel to Layyah for higher education. The main leading educational institutes are:
* Government Higher Secondary School Jaman Shah for boys.
* Government High School Basti Chandrain for boys
* Government High Jaman Shah School for girls.
* Government High School Basti Sirae for boys.
* Government High School Sheran wala for boys.
* Government Middle School Adda Larian Usman Shah for boys.
There are also other government middle and primary schools. Many private school systems also operate there, including:
* Eman School System
* Toheed Academy
* Mustafai Public School
* AlRaza Public school
* Sanwal Institute Public school
* Three Star Public school
* Subhan Public school
* The Guardian Public school
* Decent Bahadur Public school
* The Scholar Public School
* Three Star Public High School
* Toheed Public High School
# Multiplex polymerase chain reaction

Multiplex polymerase chain reaction (Multiplex PCR) refers to the use of polymerase chain reaction to amplify several different DNA sequences simultaneously (as if performing many separate PCR reactions all together in one reaction). This process amplifies DNA in samples using multiple primers and a temperature-mediated DNA polymerase in a thermal cycler. The primer design for all primers pairs has to be optimized so that all primer pairs can work at the same annealing temperature during PCR.
Multiplex-PCR was first described in 1988 as a method to detect deletions in the dystrophin gene. It has also been used with the steroid sulfatase gene. In 2008, multiplex-PCR was used for analysis of microsatellites and SNPs. In 2020, RT-PCR multiplex assays were designed that combined multiple gene targets from the Center for Diseases and Control in a single reaction to increase molecular testing accessibility and throughput for SARS-CoV-2 diagnostics.
Multiplex-PCR consists of multiple primer sets within a single PCR mixture to produce amplicons of varying sizes that are specific to different DNA sequences. By targeting multiple sequences at once, additional information may be gained from a single test run that otherwise would require several times the reagents and more time to perform. Annealing temperatures for each of the primer sets must be optimized to work correctly within a single reaction, and amplicon sizes, i.e., their base pair length, should be different enough to form distinct bands when visualized by gel electrophoresis. Alternatively, if amplicon sizes overlap, the different amplicons may be differentiated and visualised using primers that have been dyed with different colour fluorescent dyes. Commercial multiplexing kits for PCR are available and used by many forensic laboratories to amplify degraded DNA samples.

## Applications

Some of the applications of multiplex PCR include:
* Pathogen Identification
* High Throughput SNP Genotyping
* Mutation Analysis
* Gene Deletion Analysis
* Template Quantitation
* Linkage Analysis
* RNA Detection
* Forensic Studies
* Diet Analysis
# Arnel Jakupović

Arnel Jakupović (born 29 May 1998) is an Austrian footballer who plays as a forward for Croatian Football League club Osijek.

## Club career

On 21 July 2020, Jakupović moved to Domžale on a permanent basis.
Jakupović finished the 2023–24 season with 17 goals, helping his club Maribor to a second place finish. For his performances, he was named in the Slovenian PrvaLiga Team of the Season.
On 30 August 2024, Jakupović joined Croatian Football League club Osijek in a permanent transfer worth a reported €1 million.

## Personal life

Born in Austria, Jakupović is of Bosnian descent.

## Career statistics

    As of match played 2 February 2025
Appearances and goals by club, season and competition :
| Club | Season | League | League | League | National cup | National cup | Europe | Europe | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Empoli | 2016–17 | Serie A | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | 1 | 0 |
| Empoli | 2017–18 | Serie B | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | 4 | 0 |
| Empoli | Total | Total | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | 5 | 0 |
| Sturm Graz (loan) | 2018–19 | Austrian Bundesliga | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | 6 | 0 |
| Domžale (loan) | 2019–20 | Slovenian PrvaLiga | 30 | 11 | 2 | 2 | — | — | 32 | 13 |
| Domžale | 2020–21 | Slovenian PrvaLiga | 27 | 7 | 3 | 1 | — | — | 30 | 8 |
| Domžale | 2021–22 | Slovenian PrvaLiga | 33 | 12 | 2 | 0 | 6 | 2 | 41 | 14 |
| Domžale | 2022–23 | Slovenian PrvaLiga | 20 | 2 | 3 | 2 | — | — | 23 | 4 |
| Domžale | Total | Total | 80 | 21 | 8 | 3 | 6 | 2 | 94 | 26 |
| Maribor | 2022–23 | Slovenian PrvaLiga | 12 | 2 | 4 | 1 | — | — | 16 | 3 |
| Maribor | 2023–24 | Slovenian PrvaLiga | 29 | 17 | 3 | 3 | 6 | 2 | 38 | 22 |
| Maribor | 2024–25 | Slovenian PrvaLiga | 5 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 8 | 2 | 13 | 7 |
| Maribor | Total | Total | 46 | 24 | 7 | 4 | 14 | 4 | 67 | 32 |
| Osijek | 2024–25 | Croatian Football League | 16 | 8 | 2 | 1 | — | — | 18 | 9 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 183 | 64 | 19 | 10 | 20 | 6 | 222 | 80 |
* ↑ Includes Slovenian Football Cup, Croatian Football Cup
* 1 2 Appearances in UEFA Europa Conference League
* ↑ Two appearances in UEFA Europa League, six appearances and two goals in UEFA Conference League

## Honours

Individual
* Slovenian PrvaLiga Player of the Month: July 2023, July 2024
# Richard Meade

Richard Meade may refer to:
* Richard Meade, 2nd Earl of Clanwilliam (1766–1805), Irish peer
* Richard Meade, 3rd Earl of Clanwilliam (1795–1879), British ambassador
* Richard Meade, 4th Earl of Clanwilliam (1832–1907), British Royal Navy officer and peer
* Richard Kidder Meade (colonel) (1746–1805), George Washington aide-de-camp
* Richard Kidder Meade (1803–1862), Virginia lawyer, plantation owner and politician
* Richard Henry Meade (1814–1899), English surgeon and entomologist
* Richard John Meade (1821–1894), British Indian Army general
* Richard Worsam Meade I (1778–1828), American merchant and art collector
* Richard Worsam Meade II (1807–1870), United States Navy officer
* Richard Worsam Meade III (1837–1897), United States Navy officer
* Richard Meade (equestrian), a British Olympic equestrian gold medalist
* Sir Richard Meade (judge), British High Court judge
# Aloe bellatula

Aloe bellatula is an aloe that is part of the Asphodelaceae family. The species is endemic to central Madagascar where it occurs on Ambatomenaloha mountain.
# Possessed II

Possessed II (艷鬼發狂) is a 1984 Hong Kong film directed by David Lai. It is preceded by Possessed in 1983.

## Plot

A bar waitress lived with her boyfriend and gave birth to a baby boy called Paul. Seven years later, her boyfriend abandoned the family and never returned. Out of rage, the bar waitress committed suicide and killed Paul too. Thirty years later, new residents move in the house while knowing nothing about its history. When they get settled, strange things start to happen...

## Cast

* Mabel Kwong as Macy Ho
* Siu-Fung Wong as Michelle (as Siu-fung Wong)
* Yu-Lung Hsiao as Inspector Siu (as Gary Siu)
* Ha-Wai Wong as Susan
* Jayson Case as Hare Krishna
* Huang Chin as Uncle Li
* Tien-Nan Tan as Uncle Fook
# Chap Chap

Chap Chap (Persian: چپ چپ) is a village in Zanjanrud-e Pain Rural District of Zanjanrud District in Zanjan County, Zanjan province, Iran.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the village's population was 677 in 143 households. The following census in 2011 counted 710 people in 179 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the village as 621 people in 173 households.
# Alarba

Alarba is a municipality located in the province of Zaragoza, Aragon, Spain. According to the 2004 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 143 inhabitants.
# David Webb (jeweler)

David Webb (July 2, 1925 – December 12, 1975) was an American jeweler. On July 28, 1948, he founded David Webb, the company, which opened at 2 West 46th Street. Among his clients were Elizabeth Taylor, Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis and Barbra Streisand. Helen Mirren, Jennifer Garner and Beyoncé have also worn his jewelry.
Other notable figures known for wearing David Webb's creations include Grace Kelly, Wallis Simpson (the Duchess of Windsor), Lee Radziwill, Lana Turner, Doris Duke, Gloria Vanderbilt, Nan Kempner, Ava Gardner, Leonore Annenberg, and Andy Warhol.
Born in Asheville, North Carolina on July 2, 1925. Webb was a self-taught designer whose work included dragon bracelets, Maltese cross brooches and animal motifs. In 1964, The Duke of Windsor purchased a bracelet for his wife. Diana Vreeland, a noted columnist and editor of Harper's Bazaar and Vogue, was often seen with a David Webb black-and-white enamel zebra bangle.
Webb died from pancreatic cancer on December 12, 1975. The business has been in continuous operation and in 2010 was purchased by estate jewelers Mark Emanuel, Sima Ghadamian and Robert Sadian. Webb left behind an archive of over 40,000 original drawings and designs. The company continues to produce new pieces based on his original concepts, maintaining his distinctive style.
A book about his work, David Webb: The Quintessential American Jeweler by Ruth Peltason, was published in 2013. In 2014, a retrospective exhibition was mounted at Norton Museum of Art in Palm Beach.
David Webb has flagship boutiques in both New York City on Madison Avenue and Rodeo Drive at The Beverly Wilshire Hotel.
# Bell Gardens (band)

Bell Gardens is the musical collaboration between Kenneth James Gibson and Brian McBride. Through the music of Bell Gardens, they explore the many realms of chamber pop, folk rock, psychedelic pop, and Americana. Their first EP Hangups Need Company was released on their own imprint Failed Better in 2010. Southern Records released their first LP Full Sundown Assembly in late 2012. Rocket Girl released the band's second LP titled Slow Dawns For Lost Conclusions in October, 2014. Bell Gardens is based in Los Angeles, California.

## Discography

Albums
* Slow Dawns for Lost Conclusions (Rocket Girl, 2014)
* Full Sundown Assembly (Southern Records, 2012 / Burger Records, 2013)
EPs
* Hangups Need Company (Failed Better, 2010 / Burger Records, 2012)
# Sheffield Edwards

Sheffield "Shef" Edwards was the first director of the Office of Security at the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), and the principal architect of security programs at the agency. Edwards was directly involved in several assassination attempts against Fidel Castro. He was also one of the grand designers of Project BLUEBIRD.

## Life

Edwards was born 12 June 1902, in San Francisco.
In 1923, Edwards graduated from the United States Military Academy at West Point.
During World War II, Edwards worked for the United States Army Air Forces, as chief of staff of the 8th Air Support Command, transferred to become the chief of staff for the 9th Fighter Command, and later the Executive Officer of the Command Air Section of the I British Corps.
It should also be noted that Edwards was the principal architect of the 9th Fighter Command in 1943, an act which earned him the Bronze Star Medal.
Later during the war, Edwards was transferred a command position in the G3 Headquarters of the 12th Army Group.
After the war, Edwards joined the Central Intelligence Group (CIG). When the CIG was merged into the CIA with the passage of the National Security Act of 1947, Edwards became the CIA's first director of security under Hoyt Vandenberg, managing the Office of Security. Edwards worked in this role from the establishment of the CIA, until his retirement in 1963.
During Senate investigations into the operations of the CIA, Edwards was revealed to be one of two men who planned several failed assassination attempts of Fidel Castro, the other man being Richard Bissell. During Phase I of that operation, which called to use the Mafia to smuggle Botulinum toxin in pill form into Cuba, and feed them to Castro. Edwards infamously tested the pills on some Guinea pigs to see if they worked. Edwards and Bissell also devised other ways to assassinate Castro, all of which failed.
Edwards and William King Harvey allegedly hired Sam Giancana and John Roselli for a contract hit on Castro, but the CIA soon learned that the two men were being investigated by the office of Robert F. Kennedy. Kennedy, when informed by the CIA, said: "The next time you deal with the Mafia, come to me first."
Under Edwards, the Office of Security also engaged in mole hunts to find traitors and suspected Communists. Allen Dulles and Lawrence R. Houston, while publicly denying Senator Joseph McCarthy any access to CIA employees, also tasked Edwards with the responsibility of investigating the names that McCarthy had demanded access to.
From 1963 to 1970, Edwards was the President of "Sheffield Edwards Security and Management Consultants," in Washington, D.C..
# Or Torah Synagogue

The Or Torah Synagogue, sometimes the Ohr Torah Synagogue, also known as the Tunisian Synagogue in Acre, the Djerba Synagogue, and the Jariva, is a Jewish congregation and synagogue, located at 13 Kaplan Street, in Acre, in the Northern District of Israel. The building was completed in 1955 by Jews from Tunisia and took over 54 years for the artwork to be completed.
The building is unique in its use of millions of natural stones laid as mosaics both inside and outside the synagogue, that were manufactured at Kibbutz Eilon. The building has 140 stained glass windows and a dome. The mosaics and stained-glass windows depict the history of the Jewish people and of the Land of Israel through Bible stories, flora, fauna, Jewish resistance during World War II, and more.
The synagogue plan is believed to have replicated the El Ghriba synagogue on Djerba, Tunisia.
# Grafton Flyford

Grafton Flyford is a village about 6 miles (9.7 km) east of Worcester, in Worcestershire, England.
It neighbours Stock Green, with the large farm house Hill Top Farm standing on the border.
In 1377, or 1378, Henry de Ardern was granted the manor of Grafton Flyford by the Earl of Warwick for a red rose.

## St John's Church

The Church of St John the Baptist is a Grade II* listed building. The earliest parts are of the 13th to 14th century; the tower, of the 14th century, has an embattled parapet, within which is a short stone spire. The east window is 15th-century. The church was restored in 1875 by William Hopkins.

## Deserted medieval village

To the north-west and north-east of the church are earthworks (a scheduled monument) showing the remains of a deserted medieval village. There are enclosures, the largest about 120 by 130 metres (390 by 430 ft), which were once gardens or paddocks, and within some are house platforms. Sunken trackways run between the enclosures. Remains of five ponds can be discerned, and an area of medieval ridge and furrows.

## Grafton Wood

To the east of the village is Grafton Wood, a nature reserve of the Worcestershire Wildlife Trust. It is ancient woodland, and is the centre of the only colony of brown hairstreak butterflies in the Midlands.
# Alfajarín

Alfajarín is a municipality located in the province of Zaragoza, Aragon, Spain. According to the 2004 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 1,742 inhabitants. It has more animals that habitants and its known by their head council Albert Caldos.
# Jalil Abbas Jilani

Jalil Abbas Jilani is a retired Pakistani diplomat who served in Grade 22 as the Foreign Secretary of Pakistan. He is former Caretaker Minister of Foreign Affairs, he served in office from 17 August 2023 till 04 March 2024. He was born on February 3, 1955, in Multan to a family known for high-profile bureaucrats. He served as the 22nd Ambassador of Pakistan to the United States from December 2013 to February 2017, and previously served as the Foreign Secretary of Pakistan from March 2012 to December 2013. He has also served as a senior director at the Centre for Aerospace and Security Studies (CASS).

## Early life and education

Jilani was born into an influential family in Multan, his father Azhar Hussain Jilani and his elder brother Asghar Hussain Jilani both having been civil servants, the latter having served as Chief Secretary of the Punjab province, while former prime minister Yusuf Raza Gilani is his cousin. His uncle Tassadaq Jilani is the former Chief Justice of Pakistan, occupying the position in 2013–2014.
He graduated with a Bachelor of Law from Punjab University Law College and later on obtained an M.Sc degree in Defense and Strategic Studies. He then joined the Foreign Service of Pakistan in March 1979.
A polyglot, besides Urdu and English, he’s also fluent in French, Arabic, Seraiki, Punjabi and Pashto.

## Career

Jillani currently serves as a Minister in Interim PM Kakar’s Cabinet.
He served as the deputy secretary at Prime Minister's Office between 1989 and 1992, and as the deputy high commissioner to India between 1999 and 2003. He headed the South Asia desk at the Foreign Office between 2003 and 2007, during which time he was also appointed the Ministry's Spokesman.
In 2007, he was commissioned as Pakistan's High Commissioner to Australia and served until 2009, when he was tasked as Ambassador of Pakistan to European Union based out of Brussels. Jilani was promoted to the highest rank of BPS-22 grade in 2010 and consequently became the country's Foreign Secretary in March 2012, the top civil service official in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
Jilani emerged as a candidate for the role of Interim Prime Minister of Pakistan.
# Belden, Colorado

Belden is an extinct town located in Eagle County, Colorado, United States. The townsite is located at 39°31′32″N 106°23′10″W﻿ / ﻿39.5255°N 106.3861°W﻿ / 39.5255; -106.3861 at an elevation of 9,646 feet (2,940 m).
The community was named after D. D. Belden, the proprietor of a local mine. Belden never had a post office.
# Chapin's flycatcher

Chapin's flycatcher (Fraseria lendu) is a bird species in the Old World flycatcher family (Muscicapidae). It is native to the Albertine Rift montane forests. The Itombwe flycatcher was formerly considered conspecific.
Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forests. It is threatened by habitat loss.
The common name commemorates the American ornithologist James Paul Chapin.
# Aniñón

Aniñón is a municipality located in the province of Zaragoza, Aragon, Spain. According to the 2004 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 837 inhabitants.
# Madeleine Malonga

Madeleine Malonga (born 25 December 1993) is a French judoka. She won the silver medal in the women's 78 kg event, and gold medal at mixed team event, at the 2020 Summer Olympics held in Tokyo, Japan.

## Career

She won a gold medal at the 2019 World Judo Championships.
In 2021, she won the gold medal in her event at the 2021 Judo World Masters held in Doha, Qatar.
She represented France at the 2020 Summer Olympics.
She won one of the bronze medals in her event at the 2022 Judo Grand Slam Paris held in Paris, France.

## Personal life

Born in France, Malonga is of Congolese descent.
# Thiruvananthapuram South railway station

Thiruvananthapuram South Railway station (formerly Nemom railway station, Station Code: NEM) is an NSG–6 category Indian railway station in Thiruvananthapuram railway division of Southern Railway zone. It is one of the six railway stations serving the city of Thiruvananthapuram which is also proposed to act as the second satellite station to Thiruvananthapuram Central railway station in the state of Kerala, India.

## Train operating centre

Indian Railways have finalized a proposal for setting up an operating centre in Nemom, for trains departing from and terminating at Thiruvananthapuram Central. All coach maintenance activities performed in Thiruvananthapuram Central is proposed to be transferred to Nemom once the operating centre is commissioned. Railways has proposed to set up 10 pit lines for maintenance of 30 trains, 12 stabling lines, sick lines and staff quarters at Nemom.

## Proposed new passenger terminal

The Ministry of Railways, in its budget for fiscal year 2011–2012, announced to develop Nemom as second satellite passenger terminal to Thiruvananthapuram Central. Thiruvananthapuram thus will become the first city in Kerala to have two satellite stations. Nemom will soon be developed as a full-fledged Passenger Terminus (Coaching Terminal) with 5 platforms and will act as a terminus station for trains coming to Thiruvananthapuram Central, thereby reducing rush/congestion in the station.
An amount of Rs. 77.30 crores have been allotted for the first phase of the new Terminal, as per Shri O. Rajagopal M.L.A., as reported by the media including The Hindu.
It is also proposed to lay one more track between Nemom and Kochuveli to ease the traffic in this corridor. This stretch will become the first in the state to have a three-line service.
Extension of proposed Sabari rail line from Erumely via Pathanamthitta, Punalur, Nedumanagadu is expected to connect with proposed Nemom terminal. The station is on the way of renaming to Thiruvananthapuram South Terminal.
# Hadar Ratzon-Rotem

Hadar Ratzon-Rotem (Hebrew: הדר רצון-רותם) is an Israeli actress.

## Early life

Hadar Ratzon was born in Jerusalem, Israel, to a family of Mizrahi Jewish (Yemenite-Jewish) descent. She grew up in Hod HaSharon, Israel. Ratzon graduated from Yoram Loewenstein Performing Arts Studio at the age of 28.

## Filmography

She played Nadia, the wife of Eli Cohen, in the television series The Spy. In Homeland, she played the Mossad agent Tova.
"Best supporting actor" at the Sidabrinė gervė 2024 awards for her role in the film Five and a Half Love Stories in a Vilnius Apartment.
# Pavel Pulda

Pavel Pulda (19 April 1949 – 18 July 1999) was a Czech sports shooter. He competed at the 1976 Summer Olympics and the 1980 Summer Olympics. He died on 18 July 1999, at the age of 50.
# Swansgate Shopping Centre

The Swansgate Shopping Centre is a shopping centre in the town centre of Wellingborough, Northamptonshire, England. It is the second largest shopping centre in Northamptonshire after the Grosvenor Centre in Northampton. It was built in the early 1970s and was originally known as the Arndale Centre.

## Stores

There are over 50 stores including Boots, W H Smith, Superdrug, and Poundland.