OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Wilhelm Olbers Focke

Wilhelm Olbers Focke (5 April 1834, Bremen – 29 September 1922, Bremen) was a medical doctor and botanist who in 1881 published a significant work on plant breeding entitled Die Pflanzen-Mischlinge, Ein Beitrag zur Biologie der Gewächse (The plant hybrids, a contribution to the biology of plants) which briefly mentioned Gregor Mendel's discoveries on hybridization. Although Charles Darwin had a copy of Focke's book he passed it along to a colleague apparently without reading this particular section. The rediscovery of Mendel's work is generally considered to have taken place in the first years of the 20th century, however in Die Pflanzen-Mischlinge, Mendel is mentioned about 18 times - although Focke did not apparently take Mendel's work all that seriously. Along with hybridization, Focke analyzed the non-Mendelian phenomena of graft hybrids, pseudogamy, and xenia.
In 1889 Focke conducted an inquiry into the former occurrence of malaria in Northern Germany. He also did much of the work throughout his life on the taxonomy of Rubus (Rosaceae) and published several studies (1877-1914). Between 1869 and 1872 he edited the exsiccata Rubi selecti, distributi a Dr. W. O. Focke. He wrote a number of section monographs for Adolf Engler and Karl Anton Eugen Prantl eds. Die Natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien in the family Rosaceae, notably regarding fruit-bearing plants of that family.
Much of his other output was published in the Bremen periodical: Abhandlungen: Naturwissenschaftlicher Verein zu Bremen, a complete list of the published papers in this periodical is available. On examining the Focke entries on this list of articles, one can appreciate the wide range of subjects that he studied as well as the industry with which he applied himself to his work.
# Emile Rajah

Emile Rajah (born 3 October 1987) is a Trinidadian cricketer. He played in one first-class match for Trinidad and Tobago in 2012.
# Caribbean Scout Jamboree

The Caribbean Scout Jamboree is a periodic gathering for Boy Scouts in the Caribbean, held at intervals since 1952, when the First Caribbean Jamboree was held at Briggs Park, in Kingston, Jamaica. Past Jamborees include:

## List of Caribbean Scout Jamborees

| Event | Location | HDate |
| 1st Caribbean Jamboree | Jamaica | 1952 |
| 2nd Caribbean Jamboree | Trinidad and Tobago | 1961 |
| 3rd Caribbean Jamboree | Guyana | 1969 |
| 4th Caribbean Jamboree | Barbados | 1972 |
| 5th Caribbean Jamboree | Suriname | 1974 |
| 6th Caribbean Jamboree | Jamaica | 1977 |
| 7th Caribbean Jamboree | Trinidad and Tobago | 1980 |
| 8th Caribbean Jamboree | Suriname | 1984 (cancelled) |
| 9th Caribbean Jamboree | Barbados | 1987 |
| 10th Caribbean Jamboree | Dominica | 1994 |
| 11th Caribbean Jamboree | Trinidad and Tobago | 1997 |
| 12th Caribbean Jamboree | Saint Lucia | 2000 |
| 13th Caribbean Jamboree | Guyana | 2003 (cancelled) |
| 13th Caribbean Jamboree | Jamaica | 2006 |
| 14th Caribbean Jamboree | Guyana | 2009 |
| 15th Caribbean Jamboree | Curaçao | 2014 |

## Caribbean Cuboree

The Caribbean Cuboree is an event for Cub Scouts living in the Caribbean. It is held every three years and lasts for several days.

### Dates, locations and themes

* 4th - 1985 - Grenada
* 5th - 1988 - Dominica
* 6th - 1991 - Jamaica
* 9th - 2001 - Barbados
* 10th - 2004 - Grenada - Cubs in Spice, Expanding Horizons
* 11th - 2007 - Trinidad and Tobago
* 12th - 2010 - Curaçao - The Incredible Supercub in the Jungle City
# Martin Rößler

Martin Rößler, also Martin Rössler (1934 – 31 October 2024), was a German church musician, Protestant theologian, music director and university lecturer in Tübingen.

## Career

Born in Pforzheim, Rößler studied church music and Protestant theology. He was music director in the Tübinger Stift and was active in the training of theologians. After working in the parish offices in Hagelloch near Tübingen and Bronnweiler [de] near Reutlingen, he taught liturgy and hymnology at the Protestant theological faculty of the University of Tübingen.

## Activity

Rößler was a collaborator to the Evangelisches Gesangbuch for the Protestant Church in Germany and for the Evangelical-Lutheran Church in Württemberg. As a preacher, Rößler published the highly acclaimed Liedpredigt [de], in which the theology, poetry and history of individual hymnbook verses were worked out. Rößler became known for his portrayal of melodists and poets of Christian hymnbooks. Various biographies have been worked up by Rößler according to historical criteria and today they often form the basis for the short biographies that have been published in all major hymnbooks. On the other hand, Rößler investigated the origin and development of hymnbooks, beginning with the Reformation.
In his Bronnweiler sermon volume Rößler as hymnologist published selected examples for the genre of a Liedpredigtde.

## Publications

* (as editor): Karl Ludwig Gerok: "Lehrgang der Orgelimprovisation". Hänssler, Neuhausen-Stuttgart, 1976.
* Die Liedpredigt. Geschichte einer Predigtgattung. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 1976.
* „Da Christus geboren war“ ... Texte, Typen und Themen des deutschen Weihnachtsliedes. Calwer, Stuttgart 1981, ISBN 3-7668-0680-7.
* Bist du es, der da kommen soll? Hagellocher Predigten nach Texten aus dem Matthäusevangelium. Tübingen 1982, ISBN 3-7805-0415-4.
* Festgedanken. Bronnweiler Predigten zum Kirchenjahr, Katzmann, Tübingen 1990, ISBN 3-7805-0453-7.
* Liedermacher im Gesangbuch. Volume 1. Calwer, Stuttgart 1990, ISBN 3-7668-3062-7.
* Liedermacher im Gesangbuch. Volume 2. Calwer, Stuttgart 1990, ISBN 3-7668-3063-5.
* Liedermacher im Gesangbuch. Volume 3. Calwer, Stuttgart 1991, ISBN 3-7668-3064-3.
* Liedermacher im Gesangbuch. Liedgeschichte in Lebensbildern. Calwer, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-7668-3695-1.
* Geistliches Lied und kirchliches Gesangbuch. Munich 2007, ISBN 3-89912-091-4.
* Psalter und Harfe, wacht auf – Liedpredigten. Calwer, Stuttgart 2009, ISBN 978-3-7668-4112-4.
* Die Wittenbergisch Nachtigall – Martin Luther und seine Lieder. Calwer, Stuttgart 2015, ISBN 978-3-7668-4368-5.
* „Nicht klagen sollst du: loben!“ – Jochen Klepper – Leben und Lieder. Calwer, Stuttgart 2017, ISBN 978-3-7668-4430-9.
* Editor with Johann Hinrich Claussen [de]: Große Predigten. 2000 Jahre Gottes Wort und christlicher Protest. Lambert Schneider, Darmstadt 2015, ISBN 978-3-650400710.
# Derry, Dorrha

53°07′13″N 8°02′21″W﻿ / ﻿53.120309°N 8.039188°W﻿ / 53.120309; -8.039188
Derry (Doire in Irish) is a townland in the historical Barony of Ormond Lower, County Tipperary, Ireland. It is located west of Rathcabban in the civil parish of Dorrha in the north of the county.
# Fleetwood Toy Corporation

Fleetwood Toy Corporation was an American toy company based in New York City. They specialized in rack toys based on numerous licensed properties, including Marvel Comics, including the earliest Thor and Ghost Rider toy, as well as generic military toys rebranded as Sgt. Fury, Tarzan, Buck Rogers, CHiPs, Airwolf, BJ and the Bear, Street Hawk, Manimal, The A-Team, The Patriot, The Karate Kid, American Ninja, The Lone Ranger, The Sword and the Sorcerer (in conjunction with Arco Toys), and The Space Sentinels.
# Daniel St Clair

Daniel St Clair (born 22 December 1987) is a Trinidad and Tobago cricketer. He made his first-class debut for Trinidad and Tobago in the 2014–15 Regional Four Day Competition on 28 November 2014.
# Jean Cau (rower)

Jeanbaptiste Albert Joseph Cau (27 March 1875 in Tourcoing – 1921) was a French rower who competed in the 1900 Summer Olympics. He was part of the French boat Cercle de l'Aviron Roubaix, which won the gold medal in the coxed four.
# Henri Bouckaert

Jules Henri Bouckaert (3 May 1870 – 29 April 1912) was a French competition rower and Olympic champion. He was born in Roncq and died in İzmir. Bouckaert won a gold medal in the coxed four event at the 1900 Summer Olympics, as member of the French team Cercle de l'Aviron Roubaix.
# Górczewska Park

The Górczewska Park is an urban park in Warsaw, Poland. The park is located in the neighbourhood of Jelonki Północne, within the district of Bemowo, between Lazurowa Street, Czuma Street, and Powstańców Śląskich Street, around the residential neighbourhood of Górczewska. The park was opened in 1980.

## Name

The park was named after the surrounding residential neighbourhood of Górczewska, which in turn, was named after the nearby Górczewska Street.

## History

The park was built in 1980, as part of the high-rise residential neighbourhood of Górczewska, designed by Krzysztof Tauszyński.
In 2008 an amphitheatre was opened in the park. It was named after singer Michael Jackson, in commemoration of his only concert in Poland, which took place at the nearby Bemowo Airport in 1996. In 2019, due to numerous child sexual abuse accusations against him, it was renamed to the Górczewska Amphitheatre.

## Characteristics

The park is located in the neighbourhood of Jelonki Północne, within the district of Bemowo, between Lazurowa Street, Czuma Street, and Powstańców Śląskich Street, around the residential neighbourhood of Górczewska. It has a total area of 20.47 ha. There is an amphitheatre.
# American Student Government Association

The American Student Government Association (ASGA) was founded in 2001 as a professional association for collegiate student governments and student government associations across the United States.

## History

ASGA was founded by Oxendine Publishing, Inc., which published Student Leader magazine, books, and web sites on student leadership.
ASGA's research and experts have been referenced in hundreds of newspapers nationwide. " ASGA's "SG Database" gathers information on trends in higher education, including the number of women and ethnic minorities, as well as trends in election turnout, and compensation paid to elected student government officers and members

## ASGA Membership

ASGA has over 1,500 member student governments at the nearly 4,500 institutions across the United States.

## ASGA Events

Since 2005, ASGA has produced over 200 conferences for student government leaders and advisors. 3,000 students and administrators attend 11 ASGA conferences each year. 700 student leaders attend the National Student Government Summit annually.

## ASGA Mission

The American Student Government Association will provide all Student Government leaders and advisors nationwide with networking, research, and information resources and will teach them how to become more effective, ethical, and influential leaders on their campuses. ASGA also will promote the advancement of SGs, conduct research as the nation's only "SG Think Tank," and advocate the importance of having a vibrant, autonomous Student Government organization at every institution in America.
# Julien Varlet

Julien Varlet (born 8 September 1977) is a former professional tennis player from France.
Varlet was a singles participant at three Grand Slams and at each event exited in a five set match. He lost to Mark Philippoussis in the opening round of 2002 French Open, despite taking the first two sets. In the 2003 Australian Open he was defeated in five sets in the first round by 13th seed Fernando González. At the 2003 French Open he again wasted a two set lead in losing to the seeded Jarkko Nieminen, but had won his first round match, over Kenneth Carlsen of Denmark.
He played both men's doubles and mixed doubles in the 2002 French Open. The Bryan brothers proved too good for he and Olivier Patience in the men's doubles first round but in the mixed doubles he was able to reach the second round, with partner Alexandra Fusai.
The Frenchman was a quarter-finalist in the 2003 Breil Milano Indoor tournament which was his best result on the ATP Tour and included wins over two top 50 players, Feliciano López and Xavier Malisse. He did better in the men's doubles at the 2003 French Open, with Thierry Ascione. The pair defeated the Slovakian pairing of Karol Beck and Karol Kučera in the first round, then lost to Mahesh Bhupathi and Max Mirnyi.
# Zishan Shah

Zishan Shah (born 1 October 1987) is a Danish cricketer who played for Denmark in the 2005 ICC Trophy. He was born at Brøndby in 1987.

## Career

In May 2019, Shah was named in Denmark's squad for the Regional Finals of the 2018–19 ICC T20 World Cup Europe Qualifier tournament in Guernsey. He made his Twenty20 International (T20I) debut, against Jersey, on 16 June 2019.
In August 2019, he was named in Denmark's squad for the 2019 Malaysia Cricket World Cup Challenge League A tournament.
# KSPZ Jäger

Jäger (German for "hunter") is a PCP air gun (rifle), manufactured by Klimovsk Specialized Ammunition Plant in Russia. It is used for target shooting or hunting for birds and small animals at a distance up to 100 m. It was presented in autumn 2010 at the exhibition Arms&Hunting 2010.

## Description

The rifle is equipped with a barrel produced by German company Lothar Walther with a choke.

## Details

| Model | 5.5 SPR | 5.5 XPR | 4.5 MPR | 4.5 MPR FT | 5.5 SP | 5.5 XP | 6.35 SP | 6.35 XPR |
| Calibre, mm | 5,5 | 5,5 | 4,5 | 4,5 | 5,5 | 5,5 | 6,35 | 6,35 |
| Shot energy, J, up to | 3,0 | 25 | 7,5 | 7,5 | 3,0 | 25 | 3,0 | 25 |
| Air reservoir volume, cm$^3$ | 188 | 188 | 188 | 188 | 268 | 268 | 212 | 212 |
| Magazine capacity, pellets | 10 | 10 | 12 | — | 10 | 10 | 8 | 8 |
| Maximum permissible air pressure, MPa, less | 30 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 22 | 22 | 22 | 30 |
| Barrel length, mm | 492 | 492 | 477 | 442 | 552 | 552 | 552 | 552 |
| Weight without sights, kg, less | 3.2 | 3.2 | 3.2 | 3.2 | 3.2 | 3.2 | 3.2 | 3.2 |
# Enrique Talavera

Enrique Talavera Rubio (born 15 January 1967 in Algeciras) is a retired Spanish athlete who competed in sprinting events. He represented his country at the 1988 and 1992 Summer Olympics, as well as three consecutive World Championships.

## International competitions

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Event | Notes |
| Representing Spain ||||||
| 1986 | World Junior Championships | Athens, Greece | 36th (h) | 100 m | 10.91 |
| 1986 | World Junior Championships | Athens, Greece | 12th (h) | 4 × 100 m relay | 40.72 |
| 1987 | World Championships | Rome, Italy | 16th (h) | 4 × 100 m relay | 40.20 |
| 1987 | Mediterranean Games | Latakia, Syria | 5th | 100 m | 10.73 |
| 1988 | Ibero-American Championships | Mexico City, Mexico | 6th | 100 m | 10.35 |
| 1988 | Ibero-American Championships | Mexico City, Mexico | 2nd | 4 × 100 m relay | 39.36 |
| 1988 | Olympic Games | Seoul, South Korea | 48th (h) | 100 m | 10.61 |
| 1988 | Olympic Games | Seoul, South Korea | – | 4 × 100 m relay | DNF |
| 1989 | World Cup | Barcelona, Spain | 9th | 4 × 100 m relay | 39.69 |
| 1990 | European Indoor Championships | Glasgow, United Kingdom | 7th (sf) | 60 m | 6.70 |
| 1990 | European Championships | Split, Yugoslavia | 10th (sf) | 100 m | 10.42 |
| 1990 | European Championships | Split, Yugoslavia | 15th (sf) | 200 m | 21.31 |
| 1990 | European Championships | Split, Yugoslavia | 6th | 4 × 100 m relay | 39.10 |
| 1990 | Ibero-American Championships | Manaus, Brazil | 3rd | 100 m | 10.45 |
| 1990 | Ibero-American Championships | Manaus, Brazil | 2nd | 4 × 100 m relay | 40.49 |
| 1991 | World Championships | Tokyo, Japan | 28th (qf) | 200 m | 21.12 |
| 1991 | World Championships | Tokyo, Japan | 12th (h) | 4 × 100 m relay | 39.52 |
| 1991 | Mediterranean Games | Athens, Greece | 4th (h) | 200 m | 21.46 |
| 1991 | Mediterranean Games | Athens, Greece | 2nd | 4 × 100 m relay | 39.39 |
| 1992 | Ibero-American Championships | Seville, Spain | 7th (h) | 200 m | 21.55$^1$ |
| 1992 | Ibero-American Championships | Seville, Spain | 2nd | 4 × 100 m relay | 39.44 |
| 1992 | Olympic Games | Barcelona, Spain | 11th (sf) | 4 × 100 m relay | 39.62 |
| 1993 | World Championships | Stuttgart, Germany | 34th (h) | 100 m | 10.58 |
| 1993 | World Championships | Stuttgart, Germany | 12th (h) | 4 × 100 m relay | 39.17 |
$^1$Competed as a guest

## Personal bests

Outdoor
* 100 metres – 10.23 (+0.7 m/s, Mexico City 1988)
* 200 metres – 20.79 (+1.4 m/s, Andújar 1990)
Indoor
* 60 metres – 6.69 (Glasgow 1990)
# Gem Theater (Pioche, Nevada)

The Gem Theater is a movie theater in Pioche, Nevada, originally constructed in 1937, that closed in 2002. The National Register of Historic Places listed the building in 2019 as part of an effort at reopening.

## History

Prior to construction of this building, Brown's Hall was built in 1873 on an adjacent plot. That theater, later renamed to Thompson's Opera House, originally focused on live stage shows and musical performances. Increasingly the venue focused on showing movies on a retrofitted stage, so it was again renamed to the Gem Theater in the 1930s.
In 1937, this larger movie theater opened next door as a purpose-built building. The new venue reused the name "Gem Theater" while the older opera house reverted to its former name. The Gem served as the only movie theater in Lincoln County. During World War II, it kept the community abreast of vital developments via newsreels.
The theater closed and reopened multiple times before a windstorm finally blew part of the roof off in 2002 and the building has been vacant ever since. Melissa Clary purchased the building in 2020, after previously leading the effort to preserve the Huntridge Theater in Las Vegas. In 2022, the Friends of Gem Theater held a lighting ceremony for the newly restored marquee.
In order to raise funds, the group held fundraisers and sold watercolor prints of the building. In 2023, the Nevada Legislature allocated $1 million toward renovation costs. In 2024, the theater was added to the National Register of Historic Places, which enables the group to gain eligibility for additional grants and tax incentives.

## Architecture

The Art Deco movie theater sits prominently on a hillside in the downtown area of the small town. A blue neon marquee over a ticket booth dominates the exterior. The inside consists of the single theater, projection booth, stepdown restrooms, and a sob room for crying children. Preserving the Gem is made difficult both because no original floor plans survive and due to water penetration.
# All Things Must Pass: The Rise and Fall of Tower Records

All Things Must Pass: The Rise and Fall of Tower Records is a documentary directed by Colin Hanks on the rise and fall of the American record retailer Tower Records, completed and distributed in 2015.

## Content

The film is about the rise and demise of Tower Records, the retail "giant" that once advertised its East 4th Street and Broadway New York City location as "The Largest Record-Tape Store in the Known World". It also offers insights into the critical upheavals in the 21st-century recording industry.

## Production

The film's production reportedly took seven years and was completed in 2015 only thanks to a $92,000 round of Kickstarter funding. Hanks settled on the film's title after driving by an old Tower Records store and seeing a sign that had been put up by a former employee: "All Things Must Pass Thanks Sacramento". Moved by the sentiment, Hanks was reminded of George Harrison's 1970 triple album All Things Must Pass and asked the artist's widow, Olivia Harrison, for permission to use the title for his film. Hanks was also granted permission to play the album's title track over the end credits.
All Things Must Pass: The Rise and Fall of Tower Records premiered in the SXSW festival.

## Reviews

For The New York Times reviewer, the film "makes you appreciate anew the one-on-one social dimension lost in the music industry’s headlong switch to digital downloads". The Variety review claimed that "even viewers who have never owned, or even played, a vinyl record may be fascinated by the cautionary tale that Hanks spins beneath the surface of his sentimental celebration", while stating that the film's "primary audience likely will be baby boomers and Gen Xers who fondly recall the joys of discovery during shopping sprees in brick-and-mortar music stores".
Odie Henderson, reviewing for Rogerebert.com, wrote that All Things is "a documentary that inspires long, gauzy gazes back to the carefree, youthful past of viewers of a certain age", adding that "any movie that begins and ends with the sound of a phonograph needle hitting vinyl knows the audience sweet spot it’s aiming for, and for those folks, All Things Must Pass is a rousing success".
Other reviewers commented that while Solomon and Tower had been sometimes criticized, along with other big retailers, of putting independent and small music-retailers out of business, no such criticism appears in the film, which for Hanks was, as he stated, "a chance to revisit a time and experience that molded" him.
Review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes indicated an average rating of 6.94/10 among critics.
# Anna Kozak

Anna Kozak (Belarusian: Ганна Казак; born 22 June 1974) is a Belarusian sprinter.
Together with Natallia Salahub, Ilona Usovich and Sviatlana Usovich she won a silver medal in 4 x 400 metres relay at the 2004 IAAF World Indoor Championships. For the 2006 IAAF World Indoor Championships, the Belarusian team had substituted Svetlana Usovich with Yulyana Zhalniaruk, and won a bronze medal.
# Tineyi Chigudu

Tineyi Chigudu was a Zimbabwean politician. In 2008, he served as a Provincial Governor Minister for Manicaland Province of Zimbabwe, as well as a former member of parliament. He was a member of ZANU–PF.
# Amnon Straschnov

Amnon Straschnov (Hebrew: אמנון סטרשנוב; born July 24, 1947) is a retired Israeli judge.

## Biography

Amnon Staschnov was born in Pardes Hanna. After graduating from Pardes Hanna Agricultural High School in 1964, he went on studied law in the Hebrew University as part of the Atuda program. He completed a commander's course in the Israel Defense Forces and participated in combat in the Jerusalem area during the Six-Day War. After receiving a BA in law in 1968, he joined the military prosecution. During his legal internship he also acted as a football referee, including refereeing matches in the Liga Leumit, then the top division, and the State Cup. Staschnov attended The JAG School at the University of Virginia as an Israeli military student. He lives in Ra'anana with his wife Miriam and has 4 sons.

## Judicial career

Straschnov served as a military lawyer, and was a prosecutor for the IDF Northern Command. He served as Chief Military Prosecutor and graduated from Graduate Officer Course of the U.S. Army Judge Advocate General's School. He was president of the Military Courts in the West Bank from 1982 to 1984, and served as Military Advocate General of the IDF from 1986 to 1991, during the First Intifada.
In 1991 he was selected by the Judicial Committee to serve as a judge on the Tel Aviv District Court, a position from which he retired in 2002.
He is the author of Justice Under Fire (1994, Hebrew).
Straschnov was critical of the Israeli police's use of leaks in the financial scandal involving Israeli Prime Minister Ehud Olmert.
He was President of the Israeli Institute of Commercial arbitration and is affiliated with the Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs.
# Luché-Pringé

Luché-Pringé (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Sarthe department in the region of Pays de la Loire in north-western France.