OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Kaernefeltia

Kaernefeltia is a small genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Parmeliaceae.

## Taxonomy

Kaernefeltia was circumscribed by the lichenologists Arne Thell and Trevor Goward in 1996 to contain the western North American species formerly known as Cetraria californica (the type species) and C. merrillii. The genus name honours the Swedish lichenologist Ingvar Kärnefelt.
In 2017, Divakar and colleagues used a recently developed "temporal phylogenetic" approach to identify temporal bands for specific taxonomic ranks in the family Parmeliaceae, suggesting that groups of species that diverged within the time window of 29.45–32.55 million years ago represent genera. They proposed to synonymize Kaernefeltia with Nephromopsis, along with several other Parmelioid genera, so that all the genera within the Parmeliaceae are about the same age. Although some of their proposed taxonomic changes were accepted, the synonymisation of the Parmelioid genera with Nephromopsis was not accepted in a recent analysis.

## Description

Kaernefeltia species grow primarily on conifer trees. These lichens can appear either leaf-like (foliose) or shrubby (fruticose) in growth form, typically reaching up to 1.5 cm in height. The main body (thallus) of Kaernefeltia ranges in colour from pale olive-brown to greenish-black, often appearing paler in the centre. The branches or lobes can be either smooth or covered with small bumps and ridges, and sometimes have a whitish, powdery coating (pruina). The outer protective layer (cortex) has a distinctive structure that can be either single- or double-layered, with the inner layer composed of specially arranged fungal cells.
Kaernefeltia reproduces both sexually and asexually. The sexual reproductive structures (apothecia) are commonly found on these lichens, appearing as dark brown or blackish discs that can be located along the edges or surface of the thallus. These structures contain spore-producing cells (asci) that are club-shaped and produce eight spores each.

## Species

* Kaernefeltia californica (Tuck.) A.Thell & Goward (1996)
* Kaernefeltia iberica (A.Crespo & Barreno) A.Crespo & Barreno (2016)
* Kaernefeltia merrillii (Du Rietz) A.Thell & Goward (1996)
Kaernefeltia iberica was published invalidly, as it lacked a citation of an identifier from a registration depository.
# Chrysanthus of Constantinople

Chrysanthus of Constantinople (Greek: Χρύσανθος), original surname Manoleas (Μανωλέας; 25 February 1768 – 10 September 1834), was Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople during the period 1824–1826.
He was a Slavophone Greek and was born on 25 February 1768 in the village Dolno Gramatikovo, now known as Grammatiko, Pella. He descended from the Manoleas family, whose descendants still live today. He served as metropolitan bishop of Caesarea, Veria and, from 1811, of Serres, position he held when he was elected Patriarch of Constantinople on 9 July 1824, after the deposition of his predecessor, Anthimus III of Constantinople.
He was a member of the Filiki Eteria. He was educated, but also arrogant, and he made many enemies. He was accused of having an affair with Evfimia, widow of the traitor Asimakis, and for this reason, he was deposed by the Ottomans on 26 September 1826 and was exiled to Kayseri. He died on 10 September 1834 and was buried in the Monastery of Christ the Saviour in the island of Prinkipos, where he resided for the last years of his life.
# Downtown Gloversville Historic District

The Downtown Gloversville Historic District is a national historic district located in Gloversville, Fulton County, New York. It is roughly bounded by Spring, Prospect, West and East Fulton, North and South Main, and Elm Streets.
The district contains 78 contributing buildings centered on the city's "four corners" formed at the intersection of Main and Fulton Streets, but also included properties on Church, Fremont, Spring and Prospect Streets. It encompasses the historic commercial district. Within the district boundaries, 79 percent of the buildings are commercial, eight percent religious, five percent residential, and the remaining service and educational. They range in age from pre-1850 to 1977, and are architecturally significant from pre-1850 to 1931. The majority were built 1870 to 1900, and include a variety of popular architectural styles, including Neoclassical, Renaissance Revival, Romanesque Revival, Second Empire, and Art Deco. The predominant commercial building style is Italianate and is a three-story brick structure with projecting, bracketed cornices and details.
The district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.

## Gallery

* Chamber of Commerce Building (Neoclassical)
* City National Bank Building (Neoclassical)
* Eccentric Club (Renaissance Revival, 1908)
* Schine Memorial Hall (Second Empire, 1881)
* Lucius N. Littauer Building (Art Deco, 1929)
* Glove Theater (1914)
* The north side of West Fulton Street viewed from North Main Street looking west
# Ree

Ree, Rée or REE may refer to:

## People

* Arikara or Ree, a Native American tribe

### Persons

* Sir Frank Ree (1851–1914), British railway manager
* Hans Ree (born 1944), Dutch chess grandmaster and writer
* Paul Rée, philosopher
* Rimhak Ree (1922–2005), Korean Canadian mathematician
* Ree Drummond (born 1969), American food blogger and television personality

### Fictional characters

* Killashandra Ree, a fictional character in Crystal Singer by Anne McCaffrey

## Places

* Lough Ree, an Irish lake
* Ree, County Londonderry, a townland in County Londonderry, Northern Ireland
* Reedham railway station (Norfolk), England; by National Rail station code

## Science and technology

* Rare-earth element, a group of chemical elements
* Rashba-Edelstein effect 2D spin-charge interconversion effect
* Reduced enamel epithelium, sometimes called reduced dental epithelium, overlies a developing tooth
* Ree or reeve, a female ruff (bird)
* Resting energy expenditure, the amount of calories required for a 24-hour period by the body during resting conditions
* Ruby (programming language) Enterprise Edition

## Organizations

* Radio Exterior de España, the Spanish government's international broadcaster
* Red Eléctrica de España, the Spanish transmission system operator
* REE Automotive, a commercial electric vehicle developer and manufacturer

## Other

* Re'eh (ראה in Hebrew), the 47th weekly parshah or portion in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading and the fourth in the book of Deuteronomy
* Ree, a phrase commonly associated with Pepe the Frog, a comic book character and Internet meme
* Rees's Cyclopædia, a nineteenth-century encyclopedia, particularly rich in coverage of science and technology
* Resident Evil: Extinction, a 2007 film
* Resource and Energy Economics, a journal on energy economics and environmental economics
* Renewable energy education
# Ware Shoals Inn

Ware Shoals Inn is a historic hotel located at Ware Shoals, Greenwood County, South Carolina. It was built by the Ware Shoals Manufacturing Company in 1923, and is a three-story brick building with a partial basement. The modified V-shaped building features a raised porch at its truncated vertex. The Inn's design incorporates elements of the Arts and Crafts movement and Colonial Revival style.
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2007.
# Georgie Purcell

Georgie Purcell (born 13 July 1992) is an Australian politician. She is a member of the Victorian Legislative Council representing Northern Victoria since November 2022. Purcell is a member of the Animal Justice Party.

## Early life and education

Purcell is a former lawyer and holds a double degree in law and communications/politics.
She worked part-time as a stripper, a pole dancer, and a topless waitress while studying at university, but sought to keep it secret from her peers. She resigned these jobs after it was made public without her permission, leading to the development of post-traumatic stress disorder.

## Early career

Following completion of her studies, she worked as a digital campaigner at United Voice (now United Workers Union), a communications adviser at Industry Super Australia, and as Chief of Staff to Andy Meddick prior to being elected to the Victorian Parliament.

## Parliament

Purcell was elected fourth of five members for Northern Victoria in the 2022 Victorian state election, representing the Animal Justice Party.
She believes that her work experience while studying has given her strong skills in dealing with difficult people. She also has the "cliche combo" of being a lawyer and former union official.
In January 2024, Purcell criticised Nine News Melbourne for using a digitally altered image of her with "enlarged boobs" and an exposed midriff, which were not present in the original image, citing it as an example of discrimination and "the constant sexualisation and objectification" of women. Nine News Melbourne director Hugh Nailon stated that "the automation by Photoshop created an image that was not consistent with the original", and apologised to Purcell. Adobe refuted the claim that the photo was automatically edited, with a spokesperson saying: "Any changes to this image would have required human intervention and approval".

## Personal life

As of July 2024, Purcell is in a relationship with federal Labor Party MP Josh Burns.
# 1934 in Southern Rhodesia

The following lists events that happened during 1934 in Southern Rhodesia.

## Incumbents

* Prime Minister: Godfrey Huggins

## Events

* The African National Council is formed under the leadership of Aaron Jacha
# Michael O'Brien

Michael or Mike O'Brien may refer to:

## Politicians

* Michael O'Brien (Fianna Fáil politician), Irish former councillor and mayor of Clonmel
* Michael O'Brien (Ohio politician) (born 1955), American politician in the state of Ohio
* Michael O'Brien (South Australian politician) (born 1949), Australian Labor Party member of the South Australian House of Assembly, 2002–present
* Micheal O'Brien (Canadian politician), Progressive Conservative Party of Canada candidate for the Canadian House of Commons
* Michael O'Brien (Victorian politician) (born 1971), Liberal Party of Australia member of the Victorian Legislative Assembly, 2006–present
* Michael H. O'Brien (1954–2018), American politician in the commonwealth of Pennsylvania
* Michael J. O'Brien (born 1939), American politician in the state of Iowa
* Michael John O'Brien (1851–1940), Canadian politician, railway builder, industrialist and philanthropist
* Mike O'Brien (British politician) (born 1954), United Kingdom Labour Party politician
* Mike O'Brien (Canadian politician), mayor of Fredericton, New Brunswick
* Mike O'Brien (Seattle politician) (born 1968), American politician
* Michael O'Brien (New Hampshire politician)

## Sports

* Michael O'Brien (Australian rules footballer) (born 1980), West Coast Eagles
* Michael O'Brien (fencer) (born 1969), Irish fencer
* Michael O'Brien (hurling manager) (1933–2014), Irish Catholic priest and former hurling manager
* Michael O'Brien (Irish sportsman), Irish association footballer, Gaelic footballer and cricketer in the 1920s
* Mike O'Brien (swimmer) (born 1965), American swimmer
* Micheál O'Brien (1923–2015), Irish Gaelic footballer and hurler
* Mike O'Brien (American football) (born 1956), American football player
* Mike O'Brien (hurler) (born 1978), Irish hurler
* Mikey O'Brien (born 1999), Irish hurler

## Others

* Michael O'Brien (bishop) (1876–1952), Irish Roman Catholic bishop
* Michael O'Brien (American poet) (born 1939), American poet
* Michael O'Brien (Canadian author) (born 1948), Canadian author
* Michael O'Brien (game designer), Australian game designer
* Michael O'Brien (historian) (1948–2015), American historian
* Michael O'Brien (unionist) (born 1949 or 1950), American labor union leader
* Michael O'Brien (musician) (born 1964), American musician
* Michael O'Brien (photographer) (born 1950), American photographer
* Michael K. O'Brien, visual effects artist
* Mike O'Brien (actor) (born 1976), American writer and performer on Saturday Night Live
* Mike O'Brien (game developer), co-founder, ArenaNet; game designer and programmer

## Characters

* Guardsman (Michael O'Brien), a fictional character in the Iron Man comics
* Michael O'Brien, a fictional engineer character in the 1940 Christmas film Beyond Tomorrow
# Niesobia coat of arms

Niesobia, is a Polish coat of arms. It was used by several old szlachta families in the times of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.

## History

This coat of arms has its origins in Moravia, in what is today Czech Republic, along with the 45 noble families that bore this coat of arms. The earliest written document mentioning the Niesobia coat of arms dates back to 1424. Some of the families bearing this coat of arms later became incorporated into the Russian nobility.

## Blazon

A shield crossed in red and gold, on which is a silver arrow with a black eagle's tail at the end; in the crest are three ostrich feathers on top of the helmet.
# Nayana James

Nayana James (born 18 October 1995) is an Indian athlete competing in the long jump event.
She gained a bronze medal at 2017 Asian Athletics Championships – Women's long jump while her compatriot, Neena Varakil, took silver.

## Early life

Nayana was born on 18 October 1995 in Kozhikode, a district in Kerala state, India. She was discovered by KM Peter, a former athlete, while she was a student at St. George's Higher Secondary School in Kozhikode. In 2010, Nayana shifted to the institute of the Sports Authority of India in Thalassery, Kerala to train under Jose Mathew, former coach of the renowned athlete Mayookha Johny.

## Career

Nayana shot to fame after her gold-winning performance at the 21st Federation Cup National Senior Athletics Championships at Patiala in 2017. James recorded a 6.55m jump in the long jump event, her personal best. At the 22nd Federation Cup in Patiala, Nayana continued her streak by winning another gold in the long jump event.
Nayana's 6.55m jump is among the Top 5 Indian performances in long jump event history. In 2018, she secured the 12th place in the Commonwealth Games Women's Long Jump event. At the 2018 Asian Indoors Games, Nayana bagged the silver medal with a leap of 6.08m in Women's Long Jump.
# 2022 in Zimbabwe

Events of 2022 in Zimbabwe.

## Incumbents

* President: Emmerson Mnangagwa
* Vice President
** Constantino Chiwenga

## Events

Ongoing: COVID-19 pandemic in Zimbabwe
* March 26 - 2022 Zimbabwean by-elections.
* April 15 - At least 35 people are killed and 71 others are injured when a bus carrying churchgoers to an Easter gathering crashes in Chipinge.
* May 26 - Zimbabwean courts rule that the age of consent in Zimbabwe must be raised to 18.
* May 31 - Six African countries, on Zimbabwe's initiative, agree to restart trade in ivory as the population of elephants soars beyond sustainable levels.

## Deaths

* January 27 – Gwinyai Chingoka, tennis player (b. 1982)
* January 31 – Phyllis Ndlovu, politician
* February 14 - Charles Yohane, footballer (b. 1973)
* April 7 - Elvis Nyathi, refugee (b. 1979)
* April 24 - Collin Williams, cricket player (b. 1961)
* April 27 - John Gwitira, political activist (b. 1949)
* May 15 - Martin Munyanyi, Roman Catholic prelate (b. 1956)
* May 26 - Aldiglade Bhamu, footballer (b. 1987)
* May 28 - Christopher Kuruneri, politician (b. 1949)
* June 5 - Stanley Goreraza, military officer
* June 5 - Alex Magaisa, political advisor (b. 1975)
* May 27 - Mildred Reason Dube, politician
* May 27 - Giles Mutsekwa, politician (b. 1948)
* July 17 - Watson Khupe, politician (b. 1962)
* August 1 - Cont Mhlanga, actor (b. 1957)
# 1966 United States elections

Elections were held on November 8, 1966, and elected the members of the 90th United States Congress. The election was held in the middle of Democratic President Lyndon B. Johnson's second (only full) term, and during the Vietnam War. Johnson's Democrats lost forty-seven seats to the Republican Party in the House of Representatives. The Democrats also lost three seats in the U.S. Senate to the Republicans. Despite their losses, the Democrats retained control of both chambers of Congress. Republicans won a large victory in the gubernatorial elections, with a net gain of seven seats. This was the first election held after the passage of the Voting Rights Act of 1965, which led to a surge in African-American voter participation.
The Republican Party had risked sliding into irrelevance after the disastrous 1964 elections, and the GOP's victory in this election invigorated the party, strengthening the conservative coalition. The GOP made inroads into the South and among blue collar workers, foreshadowing Nixon's Southern strategy and the rise of Reagan Democrats, respectively. Among the newly elected Republicans were future presidents Ronald Reagan (who soon became the leader of the right-wing of the Republican Party) as governor of California and George H. W. Bush as a representative from Texas, and future vice president Spiro Agnew as Governor of Maryland. The election also helped establish former vice president Richard Nixon (who campaigned heavily for Republicans) as a frontrunner for the 1968 Republican nomination. President Johnson was mostly unable to pass major expansions to the Great Society in the 90th Congress.
After the smashing reelection victory of President Johnson in 1964, the Democratic Congress had passed a raft of liberal legislation. Labor union leaders claimed credit for the widest range of liberal laws since the New Deal era, including the Civil Rights Act of 1964; the Voting Rights Act of 1965; the War on Poverty; aid to cities and education; increased Social Security benefits; and Medicare for the elderly. The 1966 elections were an unexpected disaster, with defeats for many of the more liberal Democrats. According to Alan Draper, the AFL-CIO Committee on Political Action (COPE) was the main electioneering unit of the labor movement. It ignored the white backlash against civil rights, which had become a main Republican attack point. The COPE assumed falsely that union members were interested in issues of greatest salience to union leadership, but polls showed this was not true. The members were much more conservative. The younger ones were much more concerned about taxes and crime, and the older ones had not overcome racial biases. Furthermore a new issue – the War in Vietnam – was bitterly splitting the New Deal coalition into hawks (led by Johnson and Vice-President Hubert Humphrey) and doves (led by Senators Eugene McCarthy and Robert Kennedy).
# Utcubamba (river)

Utcubamba (hispanicized spelling) or Utkhupampa (Quechua utkhu cotton, pampa a large plain, "cotton plain") is a river in the Amazonas Region of Peru, located at 5°32′6″S 78°33′9″W﻿ / ﻿5.53500°S 78.55250°W﻿ / -5.53500; -78.55250. The name is a historical reference to the past agricultural practice of growing cotton in the Utcubamba Valley.
The Utcubamba River originates in the highlands of the central mountain range, then it flows north through the Amazonas Region before joining the Marañón River. The semitropical valley of the river is the former site of the pre-Columbian Chachapoyas culture and a popular tourist destination. Its many tributaries support the towns and farms of La Peca, Copallín, Cajaruro, Shipasbamba, La Florida, and Yambrasbamba.
Numerous hydroelectric dams have been built on the Utcubamba River from which a large portion of the Amazon Region derives its electricity. The Utcubamba River also passes through the Utcubamba Valley and is the source of irrigation for most of the cultivation done here. The tropical climate of the valley combined with the availability of water for the farms has helped to make this area one of the biggest producers of crops like maize, rice and banana.
* The Utcubamba River with the village El Tingo in the background
* Cable ferry in El Tingo
# Sheena Varkey

Sheena Nellickal Varkey (born 22 November 1992), or N.V. Sheena, is an Indian athlete from Kerala. She competes in triple jump event. She is named in the Indian athletics team for the women's triple jump event for the 2022 Asian Games at Hangzhou, China. She won a silver medal at the Asian Indoor Championships in 2018.

## Career

* 2023: In June, she won the gold at the Indian Championships, Kalinga Stadium, Bhubaneshwar, Odisha.
* 2023: In February, she took part in the 10th 2023 Asian Indoor Athletics Championships at Astana Nur-Sultan.
* 2018: In February, she won a silver medal in the women's triple jump at the 2018 Asian Indoor Athletics Championships at Tehran.
* 2017: In July, she won the bronze at the Bhubaneshwar Asian Championships, Bhubaneshwar, Odisha.
* 2016: In September, she won the gold at the Lucknow Indian Open Championships, Lucknow.
* 2014: In February, she came 7th in the 2014 Asian Indoor Athletics Championships, Hangzhou, China.
* 2012: In October, Sheena first caught the eye at the Lucknow National Junior Championships with a big win.
# Nobuzo Tohmatsu

Nobuzo Tohmatsu (等松 農夫蔵, Tōmatsu Nobuzō, 25 April 1896 – 28 December 1980) was an admiral in the Imperial Japanese Navy in World War II who went on to become an accountant and a namesake of the global auditing firm Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu, today the world's largest professional services company.

## Biography

Born in Tomioka city, Gunma Prefecture, Tohmatsu graduated from the 6th class of the Imperial Japanese Naval Paymaster Academy in 1917. He was ranked 4th out of a class of 21 cadets. As a midshipman, he served on the battleship Fusō and cruiser Asama. Once commissioned as an ensign, he was assigned to the battleship Hyūga and cruisers Izumo, and Mogami, followed by Shiretoko.
In 1922, he left maritime duty to take up a paymaster position at Sasebo Naval Arsenal; he later (as lieutenant commander) served as an ordnance accountant in both the Shipbuilding and Naval Air Commands. In 1934, he was designated naval attaché to the United Kingdom, where he served until 1936. While in London, he had the honor of being invited to King George V's silver wedding anniversary at Buckingham Palace.
During World War II, Tohmatsu achieved the rank of captain and served as chief of several bureaus in the Navy, including the Bureau of Supply and Bureau of Accounting. He was also briefly a member of the Bureau of Naval Affairs. In May 1945, he became a rear admiral: following Japan's surrender later that year, he assisted Allied occupation officials in accounting for and removing ordnance supplies throughout the country. He resigned from the Navy in August 1946.
Tohmatsu became a certified public accountant in 1952 and joined a Western-owned accounting firm in Tokyo, during an era when locally owned Japanese businesses were still small. Tōmatsu became well-known, partly due to the large number of Japanese accountants who had studied under him during the 1930s and 1940s. He became president of the Japanese CPA Association in 1967.
Around that time, the Japanese government began an initiative to establish subsidized domestic accounting firms. Tohmatsu seized the opportunity and joined accountant Iwao Tomita, one of his former students who had gone on to attend the Wharton School, to form the firm of Tohmatsu & Co. in 1968. Tohmatsu grew along with Japan's economy, and by Tohmatsu's death in 1980 it had become one of the world's largest auditors. In 1975, it merged into Touche Ross, which later became Deloitte & Touche in 1990, and Tōmatsu's name was appended in 1995 to change the name of the firm to “Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu”.