OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# N-Acetylaspartic acid

N-Acetylaspartic acid, or N-acetylaspartate (NAA), is a derivative of aspartic acid with a formula of C$_6$H$_9$NO$_5$ and a molecular weight of 175.139.
NAA is the second-most-concentrated molecule in the brain after the amino acid glutamate. It is detected in the adult brain in neurons, oligodendrocytes and myelin and is synthesized in the mitochondria from the amino acid aspartic acid and acetyl-coenzyme A.

## Function

The various functions served by NAA are under investigation, but the primary proposed functions include:
* Neuronal osmolyte that is involved in fluid balance in the brain
* Source of acetate for lipid and myelin synthesis in oligodendrocytes, the glial cells that myelinate neuronal axons
* Precursor for the synthesis of the neuronal dipeptide N-Acetylaspartylglutamate
* Contributor to energy production from the amino acid glutamate in neuronal mitochondria.
In the brain, NAA was thought to be present predominantly in neuronal cell bodies, where it acts as a neuronal marker, but it is also free to diffuse throughout neuronal fibers.

## Applications

However, the recent discovery of a higher concentration of NAA in myelin and oligodendrocytes than in neurons raises questions about the validity of the use of NAA as a neuronal marker. NAA gives off the largest signal in magnetic resonance spectroscopy of the human brain. The levels measured there are decreased in numerous neuropathological conditions ranging from brain injury to stroke to Alzheimer's disease. This fact makes NAA a potential diagnostic molecule for doctors treating patients with brain damage or disease.
NAA may be a marker of creativity. High NAA levels in the hippocampus are related to better working memory performance in humans. Whole-brain levels of NAA have also been found to be positively correlated with educational attainment in adults.
NAA may function as a neurotransmitter in the brain by acting on metabotropic glutamate receptors.
# T. D. Bell

Tyler Dee Bell (December 26, 1922 – January 9, 1999), known as T. D. Bell, was an American blues guitarist.
Bell was born in Belltown, Lee County, Texas. He played some banjo as a child, but played little guitar until after he left the army at the end of World War II. He was heavily influenced by T-Bone Walker and acquired the nickname "Little T-Bone" when he started playing in clubs in the Rockdale area in the late 1940s, alongside Roosevelt "Grey Ghost" Williams. In 1949, club owner Johnny Adams persuaded him to give up his job in an aluminum plant to work as a full-time musician in Austin. He became a successful live performer, often partnering pianist Erbie Bowser; fronting his own band the Cadillacs which toured around the region; and supporting visiting musicians such as B. B. King, Bobby Bland, and T-Bone Walker.
He was a mainstay of the Austin music scene through the 1950s and 1960s, before retiring in the early 1970s and setting up his own trucking business. In the late 1980s he began performing again, and in 1987 formed the Blues Specialists with Bowser. The pair recorded a 1992 album, It's About Time, which was nominated for a W. C. Handy Award, and performed together at Carnegie Hall in 1994. Bell continued to play at festivals and in clubs with the Blues Specialists after Bowser's death in 1995.
Bell was diagnosed with cancer in December 1998, and died in hospital in Austin the following month.
# Kern shoulderband

The Kern shoulderband, scientific name Helminthoglypta callistoderma, is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Helminthoglyptidae. This species is endemic to the United States.
# Vyšný Hrušov

Vyšný Hrušov is a village and municipality in Humenné District in the Prešov Region of north-east Slovakia, on the southern edge of the Laborec Highlands.

## History

In historical records the village was first mentioned in 1543.

## Geography

The municipality lies at an altitude of 186 metres and covers an area of 11.361 km$^2$. It has a population of about 465 people.
# 7th Writers Guild of America Awards

The 7th Writers Guild of America Awards honored the best film writers of 1954. Winners were announced in 1955.

## Winners and nominees
### Film

Winners are listed first highlighted in boldface.
| Best Written Musical Seven Brides for Seven Brothers, Screenplay by Albert Hackett & Frances Goodrich & Dorothy Kingsley A Star is Born, Screenplay by Moss Hart; based on the play by Dorothy Parker, Alan Campbell, and Robert Carson Carmen Jones, Screenplay by Harry Kleiner; based on the book by Oscar Hammerstein II The Glenn Miller Story, Screenplay by Valentine Davies, and Oscar Brodney There's No Business Like Show Business, Screenplay by Phoebe Ephron, and Henry Ephron; story by Lamar Trotti | Best Written Drama On the Waterfront, Written by Budd Schulberg Executive Suite, Screenplay by Ernest Lehman; based on the novel by Cameron Hawley Rear Window, Screenplay by John Michael Hayes; story by Cornell Woolrich The Barefoot Contessa, Written by Joseph L. Mankiewicz The Country Girl, Screenplay by George Seaton; based on the play by Clifford Odets |
| Best Written Comedy Sabrina, Written by Billy Wilder & Samuel Taylor & Ernest Lehman It Should Happen to You, Written by Garson Kanin Knock on Wood, Screenplay by Melvin Frank, and Norman Panama Susan Slept Here, Screenplay by Alex Gottlieb; based on the play by Steve Fisher, and Alex Gottlieb The Long, Long Trailer, Screenplay by Albert Hackett, and Frances Goodrich; based on the novel by Clinton Twiss |

### Special awards

Laurel Award for Screenwriting Achievement :
* Robert Riskin |
# Firgrove, Western Cape

Firgrove is a small town located 39 km southeast of Cape Town and 7 km west of Somerset West in the Western Cape province of South Africa.
# Locomotives LVCI 1-50, 155-164

Locomotives LVCI 1-50 and 155-164 were 2-2-2 steam locomotives of the LVCI built for service on the railways of the Lombard-Veneto Kingdom. Numbers 1-50 were built by Robert Stephenson & Company and numbers 155-164 were built by Beyer, Peacock & Company.

## History

The two series of locomotives entered service between 1857 and 1858. In 1859, following the Second Italian War of Independence, the LVCI network was divided into a Lombard part (Lombardy was annexed to the Kingdom of Sardinia) and a Venetian part (Veneto remained a possession of the Austrian Empire). Locomotives 1-50 were divided into LOMB 1-35 and VEN 1-15, while 155-164 were all assigned to the Venetian part with numbers VEN 16-25. In 1865, when the Società per le strade ferrate dell'Alta Italia (SFAI) was established, the Lombard machines were taken into the stock of this company and became SFAI 31-65. The following year, after the Third Italian War of Independence, which resulted in the annexation of the Veneto region to the Kingdom of Italy, the 25 Veneto machines also came into SFAI stock and were numbered SFAI 66-90. The SFAI scrapped 10 machines in 1874, and rebuilt another 10 with 2-4-0 wheel arrangement, giving rise to the 301-311 series.

### The great networks

In 1885, with the creation of the great national networks, the locomotives were divided between the Adriatic Network (RA) and the Mediterranean Network (RM). The RA received 22 units, all of Robert Stephenson construction, and gave them numbers RA 31-52. The RM received all the Beyer Peacock units, which they numbered RM 501-510, and 8 Stephenson units, which they numbered RM 511-518.

### Nationalization

In 1905, with the establishment of Italian State Railways (FS), eight units were still in operation and they were registered as FS Class 102. They comprised four Stephenson units, numbered 1021-1024, and four Beyer Peacock, numbered 1025-1028. All the locomotives were scrapped before 1910, except one which survived long enough to be shown at the Esposizione di Torino in 1911, although it was scrapped soon afterwards.
# Dolly Roll

Dolly Roll was a Hungarian pop band, established in 1983 from ex-members of the band Hungária. Their first LP, Vakáció-ó-ó sold 250,000 copies within two months. In 1984, they went on a tour in Hungary, performing in 50 places. They released a new album every year. In both 1986-87 and 1992 the band went through some changes in membership. In 1998, they held a concert in Budapest Sportcsarnok. In 2017, their lead singer, Maria "Dolly" Penczi, announced that the band would stop performing. Throughout their first thirty years, they sold more than five million records.

## Discography

* Vakáció-ó-ó (1983)
* Eldoradoll (1984)
* Happy cocktail (1985)
* Oh-la-la (1986)
* Játék az élet (1987)
* Zakatol a szív (1988)
* Országúti randevú (1988) (compilation)
* Dupla vagy semmi (1989)
* Ábrándos szép napok (1989)
* Ébreszd fel a szívemet (1990)
* Rég volt, szép volt (1990)
* Gondolsz-e majd rám (1991)
* Rock & Roll-ra Hívlak! (1992)
* Beat turmix '60 1 (1993)
* Tipi-Tapi Dinó (1993)
* Simogass napsugár (1993) (compilation)
* Beat turmix '60 2 (1994)
* Tipi-Tapi Party (1994)
* Dolly Roll Gold (1995) (compilation)
* Atlanta Rá-rá-rá, hajrá!!! (1996)
* Tipi-Tapi Csodaországban (1997)
* Dolly Roll ReMix '98 (1998) (compilation)
* Vakáció-ó-ó '98 (1998) (live album)
* Poperett (1999)
* Dolly Jubileumi Koncert (2003) (live album)
* Plussz... (2005)
* Karácsony (2009)
* Emlékszel még - Best Of (2009) (compilation)
# Cantherhines macrocerus

Cantherhines macrocerus, commonly known as the whitespotted filefish, American whitespotted filefish, or whitespotted limefish, is a marine fish found along the coast of Florida extending southward into the Caribbean. This species is distinct and separate from Cantherhines dumerilii, the similarly named whitespotted filefish which is found in the Indian and Pacific oceans.

## Description

The American whitespotted filefish typically has a brown or olive colored body, although it may also be grey. These fish can rapidly change appearance to a high contrast color pattern with a much darker background and many light colored spots With a maximum length of around 18 inches, they are smaller than the scrawled filefish which is also found in their range. The American whitespotted filefish is often seen in pairs.

## Diet

These fish are omnivorous; although they eat animals like sponges, stinging coral and gorgonians, and algae.

## As aquarium fish

The American whitespotted filefish can be kept in large aquariums. These fish are non-aggressive, need plenty of places to hide, and will eat brine shrimp, krill and algae.
# Peter Lorentzen

Peter Lorentzen (born September 2, 1983) is a retired Norwegian professional ice hockey player, who spent most of the career with the Stavanger Oilers in the Norwegian GET-league. He participated at the 2009-, 2010- and 2011 IIHF World Championships as a member of the Norway men's national ice hockey team.
# Bharat Punarnirman Dal

Bharat Punarnirman Dal (Hindi: भारत पुनर्निर्माण दल) (English translation: India Re-construction League) is a nationally registered political party in India, founded by a group of graduates of the Indian Institutes of Technology, and others.

## Core values

The party states its core values as always putting the nation and national interest first, and a belief in equality among all Indians.

## Elections contested

The party contested civic elections in Maharashtra in February 2007 in four seats (1-Mumbai, 2-Thane, 1-Solapur), receiving around 250 votes in all. In Andhra Pradesh MLC elections in March 2007, the party supported three candidates, winning in two seats. In the Uttar Pradesh MLA polls in April–May 2007 the party fielded eight candidates on a party ticket and supported two others, attracting over 5,000 votes.
The candidates fielded by BPD for all elections were graduates with no criminal record, and the party's manifesto was based on good governance, accountability, transparency and efficiency. The results in Maharashtra and Uttar Pradesh did not yield any seats.

## Other party activities

The party launched the Vijayi Yuvak Marathi Monthly Magazine in July 2007 in Maharashtra, with a circulation of 5000 magazines per month. An English Newspaper Sambharatam was launched in January 2008. A social wing under the name Sambharatam was launched at a national level to address student-related issues and other social issues.
# Calito Soul

Carlos Lorenzo Miller Junior (29 October 1963) artistically known as Calito Soul is reggae artist from Panama.

## Career

Calito’s debut album was “El Vacilón Panameño released in 1977.
He was from the group “One Love”, along with Mauricio Denis, releasing songs like “Yo hago todo por ti” (I make anything for you). He was also called “El hombre azul” (The blue man).
# Priotrochatella

Priotrochatella is a genus of land snails with an operculum, terrestrial gastropod mollusks in the family Helicinidae. Priotroachatella occur on calcareous rocks and in caves in the same rocks on Cuban islands - they are critically endangered because of the exploitation of the marble quarries that form their habitat.

## Species

Species within the genus Priotrochatella include:
* Priotrochatella constellata (Morelet, 1847)
* Priotrochatella stellata (Velazquez in Poey, 1852)
* Priotrochatella torrei Clapp, 1918
# Marko Stamm

Marko Yannik Stamm (born 30 August 1988) is a German male former water polo player. He was part of the Germany men's national water polo team at the 2008 Summer Olympics. He also competed at the 2011 World Aquatics Championships.
# Leucotabanus ambiguus

Leucotabanus annulatus is a species of horse flies in the family Tabanidae. Larvae inhabit termite nests.

## Distribution

United States.
# Khalsa National Party

Khalsa National Party was formed by Sundar Singh Majithia and Joginder Singh to contest the 1937 Punjab Provincial Assembly election on the issues different from Shiromani Akali Dal.

## Background

Sundar Singh Majithia and Joginder Singh were the member of Shiromani Akali Dal but due to differences on issues both formed the Khalsa National Party at Amritsar which was opened for all persons above the age of 21 years, irrespective of their caste and religion.

## Organisation and issues

The Central Executive Committee was consisted of not more than 31 members, including president. In each district the office bearers were a president and a secretary and executive committee was consisting of five members which were elected by the district organisations.
The five points creed of the party were
* To work for the realisation of the ideals of Sikhism.
* To work for attainment of Indian Independence.
* To work for abolition of Communal Award
* To work to unite all sections of the Sikh panth.
* To work for raising the social and economic standard of the masses.

## 1937 election

After the passing of Government of India Act 1935, Provincial Assembly was setup in Punjab containing 175 seats. Khalsa National Party also contested the election and won 13 constituencies. Khalsa National Party along with Hindu Election Board joined the hands with Unionist Party and formed the Government. Under the leadership of Sikandar Hayat Khan Sundar Singh Majithia sworn as minister of Development.
After the death of Sundar Singh Majithia in April 1941 another Party leader Dasaundha Singh added into the cabinet.

## Merger

The death of Sundar Singh Majithia considerably weakened the Party. In 1942 after Sikandar-Baldev Pact KNP leader and minister Dasaundha Singh was removed from the cabinet and Baldev Singh joined in the cabinet.
In 1946 Punjab Provincial Assembly election party failed to get even a single seat. After this most of its members joined Shiromani Akali Dal.
# Kiryat Luza

Kiryat Luza (Arabic: قرية لوزة, Hebrew: קרית לוזה) is a village situated on Mount Gerizim near the city of Nablus in the West Bank. It is within Area B of the West Bank, and as a result is under the joint control of Israel and the Palestinian National Authority, and is the only remaining site populated wholly by Samaritans. Kiryat Luza is home to roughly half of the world's total Samaritan population, with the other half located in the Israeli city of Holon.

## Location and reasons of moving into the village

The village is adjacent to the Jewish Israeli settlement of Har Brakha. Until the 1980s, most Samaritans in the West Bank resided in Nablus proper, below Mount Gerizim, and began to relocate to Kiryat Luza due to a spike in violence throughout Israel and the Palestinian Territories during the First Intifada; the Israeli military maintains an active presence in the area (see Israeli occupation of the West Bank).
# Thomas Gould (politician)

Thomas Gould (born July 1968) is an Irish Sinn Féin politician who has been a Teachta Dála (TD) for the Cork North-Central constituency since the 2020 general election.

## Political career

He was a member of Cork City Council, originally for the Cork City North Central area in 2009 and for the Cork City North West local electoral area from 2019. Gould was a candidate in the 2016 general election in Cork North-Central, but was not elected. He was a candidate in the 2019 Cork North-Central by-election, but was not elected. Gould was elected at the 2020 general election in Cork North Central. He received almost 27% of the first preference votes cast in the constituency. He was selected after Jonathan O'Brien had announced that he would not seek re-election.
In 2018, Gould claimed that the spending by Cork City Council for Prince Charles and Camilla was "overkill". In 2021, he defended former Sinn Féin politician Martin Ferris in saying that members of the Provisional IRA "were not criminals". Gould stated that the Provisional IRA was made up of volunteers "who stepped up in their community" at a time when they were "under attack".
At the 2024 general election, Gould was re-elected to the Dáil.

## Early and personal life

Gould is from the Cork suburb of Knocknaheeny, and lives in Gurranabraher with his wife and two daughters. He was a logistics manager. He is involved with St. Vincent's GAA. In addition to this, he was serving on the board of directors of the Firkin Crane as of 2020.
# 9th Tony Awards

The 9th Annual Tony Awards, presented by the American Theatre Wing, took place at the Plaza Hotel Grand Ballroom on March 27, 1955. It was broadcast on radio by the National Broadcasting Company. The presenter was Helen Hayes and music was composed and presented by Meyer Davis and his Orchestra.

## Award winners

Sources: Infoplease BroadwayWorld

### Production

| Award | Winner |
| Best Play | The Desperate Hours by Joseph Hayes. Produced by Howard Erskine and Joseph Hayes. |
| Best Musical | The Pajama Game. Book by George Abbott and Richard Bissell, music and lyrics by Richard Adler and Jerry Ross. Produced by Frederick Brisson, Robert Griffith, and Harold Prince. |

### Performance

| Award | Winner |
| Best Actor in Play | Alfred Lunt, Quadrille |
| Best Actress in a Play | Nancy Kelly, The Bad Seed |
| Best Actor in a Musical | Walter Slezak, Fanny |
| Best Actress in a Musical | Mary Martin, Peter Pan |
| Best Supporting or Featured Actor in a Play | Francis L. Sullivan, Witness for the Prosecution |
| Best Supporting or Featured Actress in a Play | Patricia Jessel, Witness for the Prosecution |
| Best Supporting or Featured Actor in a Musical | Cyril Ritchard, Peter Pan |
| Best Supporting or Featured Actress in a Musical | Carol Haney, The Pajama Game |

### Craft

| Award | Winner |
| Director-Play | Robert Montgomery, The Desperate Hours |
| Choreographer | Bob Fosse, The Pajama Game |
| Scenic Designer | Oliver Messell, House of Flowers |
| Costume Designer | Cecil Beaton, Quadrille |
| Best Conductor and Musical Director | Thomas Schippers, The Saint of Bleecker Street |
| Tony Award for Best Stage Technician | Richard Rodda, Peter Pan |

## Special award

* Proscenium Productions, an Off-Broadway company at the Cherry Lane Theatre, for generally high quality and viewpoint shown in The Way of the World and Thieves Carnival. Presented to Warren Enters, Robert Merriman and Sybil Trubin.

### Multiple nominations and awards

The following productions received multiple awards.
* 3 wins: The Pajama Game and Peter Pan
* 2 wins: The Desperate Hours, Quadrille and Witness for the Prosecution
# Laura Green

Laura Elizabeth Green OBE FRSB is a British epidemiologist and academic who is Pro-vice-chancellor and Head of the College of Life and Environmental Sciences at the University of Birmingham. She serves on the council of the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC).

## Early life and education

Green studied veterinary medicine at the University of Bristol. She worked briefly as a veterinarian, before starting a Master's degree in epidemiology. She earned her master's degree at the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine. She returned to the University of Bristol for her doctorate, where she studied the diseases of lambs in early lambing flocks.

## Research and career

Green joined the University of Warwick in 1999, where she was made a Chair in 2005. Her research considers the endemic diseases of farmed livestock. She has investigated infectious diseases in cattle including Mycobacterium bovis (bovine tuberculosis), sheep (caseous lymphadenitis) and pigs (postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome). Green studied foot rot in sheep and used her findings to support farmers. She demonstrated that quick treatment with antibiotics can reduce lameness in sheep. Specifically, a single injection of antibiotics helped 95% of sheep. Her findings reduced the prevalence of foot rot by 50%, which is estimated to save the foot sheep industry £2 million a year. She has also investigated how farmers attitudes and personalities impacted their management of livestock. In 2014 Green was appointed Head of the School of Life Sciences. She was made Deputy Pro-Vice Chancellor at the University of Warwick in 2017.
Green joined the University of Birmingham as Pro-Vice-Chancellor and Head of the College of Life and Environmental Sciences in 2018. She serves on the advisory board of the Rural Economy and Land Use Programme.

## Awards and honours

* 2013 Royal Agricultural Society of England medal
* 2013 Elected to the council of the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC)
* 2017 Appointed Order of the British Empire (OBE) in the 2017 Birthday Honours
* 2019 Honorary Life Member of the Society of Veterinary Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine

## Selected publications

* Green, L.E.; Hedges, V.J.; Schukken, Y.H.; Blowey, R.W.; Packington, A.J. (2002). "The Impact of Clinical Lameness on the Milk Yield of Dairy Cows". Journal of Dairy Science. 85 (9): 2250–2256. doi:10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(02)74304-x. ISSN 0022-0302. PMID 12362457.
* Whay, H. R.; Main, D. C. J.; Green, L. E.; Webster, A. J. F. (16 August 2003). "Assessment of the welfare of dairy caftle using animal-based measurements: direct observations and investigation of farm records". Veterinary Record. 153 (7): 197–202. doi:10.1136/vr.153.7.197. ISSN 0042-4900. PMID 12956296. S2CID 40615566.*"The Microbial Habitat: An Ecological Perspective". Microbial Ecology. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 26 September 2011. pp. 103–130. doi:10.1002/9781118015841.ch4. ISBN 978-1-118-01584-1.