# Lella Lombardi

Maria Grazia "Lella" Lombardi (26 March 1941 – 3 March 1992) was an Italian racing driver who participated in 17 Formula One World Championship Grands Prix. Lombardi is one of two female drivers to qualify for Formula One and is the only female driver who scored points in Formula One.
Lombardi grew up in Italy and developed an interest in racing by driving a delivery van for her family. Starting in karting and moving to Formula Monza and Formula Three, Lombardi advanced through racing until she reached Formula One. She is the only woman to win points in Formula One, winning half a point in the 1975 Spanish Grand Prix. Lombardi was also the first woman to qualify and compete in the Race of Champions at Brands Hatch and raced in sports cars. She won the 6 Hours of Pergusa and the 6 Hours of Vallelunga.
Lombardi's story has impacted generations of racers. Her experience has shaped the involvement of women in racing and how people perceive women in the racing industry.

## Personal life

Lombardi was born in Frugarolo, a small town in Piedmont in Italy. Her father was a butcher, who gave Lella her first job as a delivery driver for the family's shop. At first, Lombardi’s father found her passion for racing hard to accept but embraced it once she finished runner-up in a 1968 race. Lella Lombardi was also one of the first female racers in a same-sex relationship. Lombardi died of breast cancer in Milan on 3 March 1992. She was 50 years old and was buried in Frugarolo. She was survived by her partner, Fiorenza. Lombardi is commemorated by a sculpture in her birthplace, Frugarolo.

## Career
### Formula One

After a brief experience with karting as a child, Lombardi bought her first car in 1965, racing in Formula Monza. She moved on to Formula Three in 1968. In 1974, Lombardi was signed to drive the Shellsport-Luxembourg Lola in Formula 5000 and finished fourth. Initially, Lombardi tried to qualify for Formula One with a privately entered Brabham supported by the Italian Automobile Club but failed to qualify. That winter, she met an Italian nobleman, Count Vittorio Zanon, who sponsored her entrance into F1. In 1975, Lombardi was invited to join Vittorio Brambilla and Hans-Joachim Stuck on the March engineering team, racing the full season with Zanon's Lavazza Coffee Company’s sponsorship. At the opening race of the campaign in South Africa, Lombardi became the first woman, since Maria Teresa de Filippis in 1958, to successfully qualify for a Grand Prix. 1975 would prove to be an eventful season for the March Team, as Lombardi scored half a Championship point in the Spanish Grand Prix. This was because the race only lasted 23 laps until Lombardi was forced to retire with a fuel system problem, while the race suffered a major tragedy when the rear wing on Rolf Stommelen's Embassy Hill broke, sending him into the barrier. While trying to avoid Stommelen as he crossed the track, Carlos Pace crashed, and five spectators were killed by Stommelen's flying car. The race continued for another four laps, resulting in Lombardi’s sixth-place finish and, with the race being stopped before three-fourths of the scheduled race distance was reached, all points were halved. Lombardi also successfully performed at other races, including the German Grand Prix at the Nürburgring, where she finished seventh. At the United States Grand Prix at Watkins Glen, Lombardi had a one-off drive for Williams. However, she was prevented from starting due to an ignition problem.
In 1976, Lombardi was confirmed at March Engineering alongside Brambilla and Stuck. She finished 14th at the Brazilian Grand Prix that year, and subsequently, the team decided to replace her with Ronnie Peterson. Then, Lombardi briefly moved to RAM Racing, her best result being 12th at the Austrian Grand Prix.

### Race of Champions

In 1974, Lombardi was the first female racing driver to qualify and compete at the Race of Champions in Brands Hatch. She raced a Lola-Chevrolet and finished 14th. In the 1975 event, she was once again able to qualify and compete with a March-Ford. She retired after 20 laps.

### Sports cars

Lombardi later raced in sports cars. In 1979, she won the 6 Hours of Pergusa and the 6 Hours of Vallelunga. She also competed four times at the 24 hours of Le Mans, where she finished 20th in 1976 in a Lancia Stratos Turbo.
Lombardi had also raced in the Firecracker 400 NASCAR race at the Daytona International Speedway in 1977. There were two other female drivers in the field: American Janet Guthrie and Belgian Christine Beckers. Lombardi finished 31st.
Lombardi retired from racing in 1988. In 1989, she founded her own racing team, Lombardi Autosport.

## Legacy

Lella Lombardi’s racing career has influenced the perceptions of subsequent generations of women in racing. Lombardi is considered an F1 trailblazer, after which women increasingly joined Formula One in many capacities aside from driving. According to The Multimedia Encyclopedia of Women in Today's World, because of Lella Lombardi, there are more women involved in other aspects of Formula One, especially "traditionally female" jobs such as modeling. Lombardi is also used as one of the reference points for women in racing. Journalist Phil Pash reports that though Lombardi viewed racing as a masculine sport, she succeeded regardless because of her 'competitive spirit.' Among others who comment on the effects of Lombardi’s legacy is Matt Majendie, who writes about Jamie Chadwick. Chadwick argues that for women entering Formula One in 2022, financial support is a greater obstacle than gender. Majendie argues this by citing Lombardi’s example as a racer, who despite her gender, successfully entered Formula One. This need for financial support is combated by the rise of the W-series, which started in October 2018. The W-series is a women’s racing championship, which eliminates financial barriers, and gives equal opportunity to female racers. As an example of successful women produced by Formula One, Lombardi is credited with making Formula One accessible to women.

## Racing record
### Complete European F5000 Championship results

(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position; races in italics indicate fastest lap.)
| Year | Entrant | Chassis | Engine | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | Pos. | Pts |
| 1974 | ShellSPORT Luxembourg | Lola T330 | Chevrolet 5.0 V8 | BRH 4 | MAL Ret | SIL 10 | OUL 5 | BRH 8 | ZOL Ret | THR 9 | ZAN 7 | MUG 6 | MNZ 4 | MAL 7 | MON 6 | THR 6 | BRH 10 | OUL 4 | SNE 5 | MAL 4 | BRH DNS | 5th | 88 |

### Complete Formula One World Championship results

(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position; races in italics indicate fastest lap.)
| Year | Entrant | Chassis | Engine | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | WDC | Pts |
| 1974 | Allied Polymer Group | Brabham BT42 | Ford Cosworth DFV 3.0 V8 | ARG | BRA | RSA | ESP | BEL | MON | SWE | NED | FRA | GBR DNQ | GER | AUT | CAN | ITA | USA | | NC | 0 |
| 1975 | March Engineering | March 741 | Ford Cosworth DFV 3.0 V8 | ARG | BRA | RSA Ret | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 21st | 0.5 |
| 1975 | Lavazza March | March 751 | Ford Cosworth DFV 3.0 V8 | | | | ESP 6 | MON DNQ | BEL Ret | SWE Ret | NED 14 | FRA 18 | GBR Ret | GER 7 | AUT 17 | ITA Ret | | | | 21st | 0.5 |
| 1975 | Frank Williams Racing Cars | Williams FW04 | Ford Cosworth DFV 3.0 V8 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | USA DNS | | | 21st | 0.5 |
| 1976 | Lavazza March | March 761 | Ford Cosworth DFV 3.0 V8 | BRA 14 | RSA | USW | ESP | BEL | MON | SWE | FRA | | | | | | | | | NC | 0 |
| 1976 | RAM Racing with Lavazza | Brabham BT44B | Ford Cosworth DFV 3.0 V8 | | | | | | | | | GBR DNQ | GER DNQ | AUT 12 | NED | ITA | CAN | USA | JPN | NC | 0 |

### Formula One non-championship results

(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position; races in italics indicate fastest lap.)
| Year | Entrant | Chassis | Engine | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| 1974 | ShellSPORT Luxembourg | Lola T330 | Chevrolet 5.0 V8 | PRE | ROC NC | INT 13 |
| 1975 | Lavazza March | March 751 | Ford Cosworth DFV 3.0 V8 | ROC Ret | INT 12 | SUI |

### 24 Hours of Le Mans results

| Year | Team | Co-Drivers | Car | Class | Laps | Pos. | Class Pos. |
| 1975 | Elf Switzerland | Marie-Claude Charmasson | Renault-Alpine A441 | S 2.0 | 20 | DNF | DNF |
| 1976 | Aseptogyl | Christine Dacremont | Lancia Stratos-Ferrari | GTP | 265 | 20th | 2nd |
| 1977 | Inaltera | Christine Beckers | Inaltera LM-Ford Cosworth | S +2.0 | 279 | 11th | 4th |
| 1980 | Scuderia Torino Corse | Mark Thatcher | Osella PA8-BMW | S 2.0 | 157 | DNF | DNF |
| Source: ||||||||

### Complete Shellsport International Series results

(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position; races in italics indicate fastest lap)
| Year | Entrant | Chassis | Engine | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | Pos. | Pts |
| 1976 | Team P R Reilly | Shadow DN1 | Ford Cosworth DFV 3.0 V8 | MAL | SNE | OUL NC | BRH 9 | THR | BRH | MAL | SNE | BRH | THR | OUL | BRH | BRH | 42nd | 2 |

### Complete British Formula One Championship results

(key) (note: results shown in bold indicate pole position; results in italics indicate fastest lap)
| Year | Entrant | Chassis | Engine | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | Pos. | Pts |
| 1979 | Team Agostini | Williams FW06 | Ford Cosworth DFV 3.0 V8 | ZOL | OUL | BRH | MAL 14 | SNE | THR | ZAN | DON | OUL | NOG | MAL | BRH | THR | SNE | SIL | NC | 0 |

### NASCAR

(key) (Bold – Pole position awarded by qualifying time. Italics – Pole position earned by points standings or practice time. * – Most laps led.)

#### Winston Cup Series

NASCAR Winston Cup Series results :
| Year | Team | No. | Make | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | NWCC | Pts |
| 1977 | Charles Dean | 05 | Chevy | RSD | DAY | RCH | CAR | ATL | NWS | DAR | BRI | MAR | TAL | NSV | DOV | CLT | RSD | MCH | DAY 31 | NSV | POC | TAL | MCH | BRI | DAR | RCH | DOV | MAR | NWS | CLT | CAR | ATL | ONT | N/A | 0 |

### Complete Deutsche Tourenwagen Meisterschaft results

(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position) (Races in italics indicate fastest lap)
| Year | Team | Car | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | Pos. | Pts |
| 1984 | | Alfa Romeo Alfetta GTV6 | ZOL | HOC | AVU | AVU | MFA | WUN | NÜR | NÜR | NOR | NÜR | DIE | HOC 10 | HOC 6 | ZOL | NÜR | NC | 0 |