OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# South Australian Railways 930 class

The South Australian Railways 930 class was a class of diesel-electric locomotives built for the South Australian Railways between 1955 and 1967 by AE Goodwin, Auburn, New South Wales, the Australian licensee of the American Locomotive Company (Alco). Based on the Alco DL500B World series model, they were fitted with Alco 12-251B four-stroke V12 turbocharged diesel engines that developed 1600 horsepower (1190 kilowatts) for traction. The first six of the class had a driving cab at one end only; the remaining 31 locomotives had two. The latter series, up-rated, were the basis of the almost identical New South Wales 44 class, of which 100 were built from 1957.

## History

The first six (single-ended) locomotives were delivered in 1955 and 1956 to operate over the steeply graded Adelaide to Tailem Bend line and onwards to Serviceton. A further 31 (double-ended) entered service between July 1957 and June 1967 and operated across the broad-gauge network. The double-ended locomotives had a "bulldog" nose at the "A" end (not as round as the Clyde–GM "Bulldog nose" type) and were flat at the "B" end . All were delivered with broad-gauge bogies and worked across the South Australian Railways network. In hot weather, crews frequently marshalled the locomotives with the "B" end leading so that the front door could be opened to provide more air circulation.
In March 1978, all were included in the transfer of the South Australian Railways to Australian National. From 1982, some were converted to standard gauge using bogies from State Rail Authority 44 class locomotives hauling trains from Adelaide to Whyalla and Broken Hill. On the broad gauge, some began operating through to Melbourne in the mid-1980s.
In 1986, a new computer system required the class leaders of the former South Australian Railways to be renumbered as the last member of the class, with 930 becoming 967.
Withdrawals commenced in 1986; only two remained by January 1994. Only 961 was included in the sale of Australian National's freight operations to Australian Southern Railroad in November 1997. In May 2001 it was sold to Silverton Rail as 44s1. In March 2005 it passed to Chicago Freight Car Leasing Australia.

## Disposition

As of 2022, the disposition of the four remaining members of the class was as follows:
| No. | Owner | Location | Notes |
| 930 | National Railway Museum | Port Adelaide, SA | Static display. SAR maroon and silver livery. |
| 958 | SteamRanger Heritage Railway | Mount Barker, SA | In operational condition. AN green and yellow livery without logos. |
| 961 | Private owner | Goulburn roundhouse, NSW | Under restoration. AN Explorer blue and yellow livery. |
| 963 | SteamRanger Heritage Railway | Mount Barker | Non-operational. AN green and yellow livery. |
# WAGR RA class (diesel)

The RA Class are diesel locomotives built by English Electric, Rocklea for the Western Australian Government Railways between 1969 and 1972. They were a revised version of the R class.

## Description

The RA class were a hood type general purpose diesel-electric locomotive. They were similar to the Queensland Railways 1300 class. All equipment, except traction motors, were interchangeable with the standard gauge K class. The main differences with the R class were a slight increase in length and wheelbase and deletion of the dynamic brake. They were otherwise identical mechanically and electrically.
The bogies were identical to those fitted to the R class and were an English Electric design with low weight transfer characteristics. They feature fully equalised primary spring gear, all traction motors in each bogie mounted with the nose-suspension facing inwards, traction thrust at near axle level and long pivot centres to reduce inter-bogie transfer. Adhesion loss at maximum tractive effort is limited to 4.5 per cent allowing 1,830 long tons (1,860 t; 2,050 short tons) trailing load to be hauled up a 1 in 100 grade.

## History

Following on from the R class, a further 11 were ordered, but without dynamic brakes. A further two were financed by the Lefroy Salt Company for use over a 13-kilometre (8.1 mi) spur off the Esperance line.
In 1973, a version of the RA class with a low nose was ordered for Tasmanian Government Railways, which classed them Z.
In 1974 the RA1914, RA1917 and RA1918 were fitted with standard gauge bogies and renumbered KA211-KA213. RA1918 has been preserved by Rail Heritage WA.

## Class list

| Key: | In Service | Withdrawn | Preserved | Converted | Scrapped |
| Serial Number | Entered Service | Road Number | Current/Last Owner | Status |
| A.203 | November 8, 1969 | RA1906 | Westrail | Scrapped, Midland Workshops (October 1992) |
| A.204 | November 21, 1969 | RA1907 | Westrail | Scrapped, Midland Workshops (October 1992) |
| A.205 | December 3, 1969 | RA1908 | Westrail | Scrapped, Midland Workshops (October 1992) |
| A.206 | December 23, 1969 | RA1909 | Westrail | Scrapped, Midland Workshops (October 1992) |
| A.202 | February 6, 1970 | RA1910 | Westrail | Scrapped, Midland Workshops (October 1992) |
| A.207 | February 5, 1970 | RA1911 | Westrail | Scrapped, Midland Workshops (October 1992) |
| A.218 | April 8, 1971 | RA1912 | Westrail | Scrapped, Midland Workshops (October 1992) |
| A.219 | March 4, 1971 | RA1913 | Westrail | Scrapped, Midland Workshops (October 1992) |
| A.220 | May 6, 1971 | RA1914, KA211 | UGL Rail | Used as an engine test bed at UGL Bassendean |
| A.221 | May 6, 1971 | RA1915 | Westrail | Scrapped, Midland Workshops (October 1992) |
| A.222 | March 17, 1971 | RA1916 | Westrail | Scrapped, Midland Workshops (October 1992) |
| A.244 | July 11, 1972 | RA1917, KA212 | Qube | Scrapped, Bellevue (May 29, 2016) |
| A.248 | July 19, 1972 | RA1918, KA213 | Rail Heritage WA | Preserved by Rail Heritage WA, Bassendean |
# Friedrich August Kessler

Friedrich August Kessler (30 December 1826 – April 1906) was a German landscape painter of the Düsseldorf school of painting.

## Life

Kessler received his first painting lessons from his father, Christian Friedrich Kessler (1799–1854). In 1841, he enrolled at the Düsseldorf Art Academy. There, he studied under landscape painter Johann Wilhelm Schirmer from 1843 to 1854. Kessler was a founding member of the artists' association "Malkasten" in Düsseldorf, where he resided as a freelance painter after his studies. For a time, he lived with Eugen Bracht, Fritz Ebel, and Carl Friedrich Harveng. He undertook study trips to various coastal, low mountain range, and Alpine landscapes, including the Teutoburg Forest, Hesse, Bavaria, Tyrol, Northern Italy, Switzerland, Holland, and Belgium. In 1854, writer Wolfgang Müller von Königswinter classified him as a "historical-stylistic landscaper" following Nicolas Poussin's theory of modes. From 1860 to 1892, he regularly exhibited at the Berlin Academy Exhibitions and occasionally at the Munich Glass Palace exhibitions. His son Walter, also a painter, did not gain significant recognition in Germany.

## Works (selection)

* German Forest Landscape with Wild Stream, 1842
* Motif from the Bergisches Land, 1846
* Hunter and Dog with Slain Deer in a Forest Clearing, 1848
* Red Deer in the Forest, 1852
* Angler at the Waterfall, 1853
* Externsteine, 1855
* Seascape, 1858
* Mill on a Stream, 1860
* Grafenberger Forest near Düsseldorf, 1861
* Return from the Hay Harvest, 1869
* Rest at the Mountain Lake, 1874
* Beach at Blankenberghe, 1882
* Forest Clearing with Deer, 1885
* Seascape, 1886
* Autumn Morning in the Beech Forest, 1891
* Watermill
# BBÖ 378

The BBÖ 378 (later DRB class 93.13, then ÖBB 93) was a class of 167 Austrian 2-8-2 tank locomotives built by all four Austrian locomotive manufacturers in the 1920s and 1930s.

## History

In the 1920s, the competition from road transport was already noticeable in rail operations. In particular, branch line traffic needed to be made more attractive. For this reason, the Federal Railways of Austria (Bundesbahn Österreich, BBÖ) commissioned the Floridsdorf locomotive factory with the design of a superheated steam tank locomotive, which was supposed to provide more output than the Gölsdorf 178 series and was intended to replace numerous other older series. In addition, essential components were to be standardized with the 478 series shunting locomotive, which was being developed at the same time. The branch line locomotive was given the axle formula 1′D1′ (2-8-2) and the designation 378. Without building a prototype locomotive, series production began immediately.
The machines were equipped with Lentz valve gear; attempts with other types of valve gear did not bring any advantages. Like the 178 series, they initially received solid cast disc wheels. Later deliveries returned to cast steel spoke wheels on the leading and trailing axles, and in the last series also on the driving axles. The BBÖ put 167 of this series of locomotives into operation by 1931.
From 1938, the Deutsche Reichsbahn classified the locomotives of this series as 93 1301 – 93 1467.
In 1941 the Slovak State Railways (SŽ) ordered 25 copies in a slightly different form, which were given the designation 431.0. After the Second World War these locomotives remained with the Czechoslovak State Railways (ČSD).
In 1944 the Wiener Lokalbahnen also acquired a copy of this series with a steel firebox, but it was too powerful for the tasks it was intended for, so that it was exchanged for the ÖBB 92.2256 in 1951. The ÖBB initially referred to the former WLB machine as 93.1468, but later as 93.1500.
During the Second World War, eleven locomotives were lost and a total of 28 locomotives were brought to the Yugoslav Railways (JDŽ) in Yugoslavia (partly as reparations), the remaining 128 locomotives passed to the ÖBB. In 1958, 72 units were equipped with a Giesl ejector and front-end throttle – six of them also with micro-spark arresters – which increased their performance by around 30%. The JDŽ also equipped one of its machines with a flat ejector in 1960.
The 93s were in use in the entire secondary line network of the ÖBB. It was the last standard-gauge series of steam locomotives in the ÖBB's inventory. After the official end of steam traction in Austria, some copies remained as “strategic reserves” until 1982.

## Preservation

There are nineteen examples preserved at various locations including Das Heizhaus, Strasshof.
# Nilceu Aparecido dos Santos

Nilceu Aparecido dos Santos (born July 14, 1977, in Cascavel) is a Brazilian former professional racing cyclist.

## Major results
### 2001

    1st Prova Ciclística 9 de Julho

### 2002

    1st Stages 2 & 5 Volta do Rio de Janeiro
    3rd Copa América de Ciclismo

### 2004

    1st Prova Ciclística 9 de Julho
    1st Stage 3 Tour de Santa Catarina

### 2005

    1st Copa América de Ciclismo
    1st Stage 1 Volta de São Paulo
    2nd Road race, National Road Championships
    2nd Overall Volta Do ABC Paulista
    2nd Copa da Republica de Ciclismo
    3rd Prova Ciclística 9 de Julho

### 2006

    1st Copa América de Ciclismo
    1st Prova Ciclistica 1° de Maio
    1st Stages 1, 8, 9 & 10 Tour de Santa Catarina (BRA)
    1st Stage 2 Volta de Porto Alegre
    1st Stage 9 Volta de São Paulo

### 2007

    1st Road race, National Road Championships
    1st Copa América de Ciclismo
    1st Overall Torneio de Verão
       1st Stages 2, 3 & 4
    1st Stage 5 Volta do Rio de Janeiro
    1st Stage 1 Volta de São Paulo
    1st Stage 1 Tour de Santa Catarina
    1st Copa da Republica de Ciclismo

### 2008

    1st Copa América de Ciclismo
    3rd Overall Torneio de Verão
       1st Stages 1 & 3

### 2009

    1st Overall Torneio de Verão
       1st Stage 1
    2nd Copa América de Ciclismo

### 2010

    1st Stage 5 Giro do Interior de São Paulo
    2nd Prova Ciclística 9 de Julho

### 2011

    2nd Overall Torneio de Verão
       1st Stage 5

### 2012

    2nd Overall Torneio de Verão
       1st Stage 1
    3rd Copa América de Ciclismo

### 2013

    2nd Copa América de Ciclismo

### 2014

    1st Stage 8 Tour do Brasil
# Tanaka Raishō

Tanaka Raishō (Japanese: 田中頼璋, 10 August 1868 – 16 February 1940) was a Japanese painter of the nihonga school. He participated in numerous exhibitions, winning first prize at the 1916 and 1917 Japan Fine Arts Exhibitions.

## Biography

Tanaka was born Tanaka Daijiro (田中大治郎) on 10 August 1868 in Hamada, Shimane. As a teenager, he travelled to the town of Hagi in Yamaguchi Prefecture, where he studied under Mori Kansai. In 1899 or 1902, Tanaka moved to Tokyo, where he learned from Kawabata Gyokushō [jp]. He signed most of his works Raishō, but also used the art names Toyofumi (豊文) and Yoriaki (頼章).
By the 1900s, Tanaka was presenting his works at exhibitions. He participated in several shows sponsored by the Japan Art Association. In 1907, he won third-place at the Tokyo Industrial Exhibition. Tanaka exhibited works at the Japan Fine Arts Exhibition beginning in 1908, winning several prizes – including third place in his inaugural show with Narutaki, as well as first place in 1916 and 1917. In 1910, Tanaka's Wintry Landscape was exhibited at the Japan–British Exhibition in London. When the Japan Fine Arts Exhibition was taken over by the Imperial Academy of Arts (now the Japan Art Academy), Tanaka was a nominated artist. He later became a judge with the exhibition, as well as a committee member.
In the 1900s, Tanaka took numerous students. One of these was Gao Qifeng, a Guangdong-born Chinese artist who had travelled to Japan with his brother Jianfu. Another Chinese student was He Xiangning, who studied under Tanaka from 1908. After the 1923 Great Kantō earthquake, Tanaka moved to Hiroshima. He died there on 16 February 1940, having suffered from nephritis. He was survived by his daughter, Michiko, who had travelled to Germany in 1930 to become an actress and musician.
One of Tanaka's grandchildren, Tanaka Kinnosuke, worked with the artist Okahara Taika to produce a book presenting Tanaka's oeuvre; it was published in 2009. Tanaka was recognized for his landscape paintings. Since his death, he has received little attention; Okahara attributes this to his failure to innovate. He worked primarily in the nihonga style, drawing on traditional Japanese painting while modernizing it with foreign elements.

## Gallery

* Three Monkeys on Bank Near Waterfall (1907)
* Mountain Moon in Four Seasons - Autumn (1916)
* Deep Ravine Waterfall (undated)
# John Heathcote (died 1795)

John Heathcote FRS (c.1727 – 29 July 1795) was a British Member of Parliament.
He was born the second son of Sir John Heathcote, 2nd Baronet, of Normanton, Rutland, from whom he inherited estates at Steeple Gidding and Conington, Huntingdonshire in 1759. He studied law at Lincoln's Inn (1744).
He became a Fellow of the Royal Society on 12 May 1768.
He served as High Sheriff of Cambridgeshire and Huntingdonshire for 1767–68 and was the MP for Rutland from 29 June 1790 until his death.
He married Lydia Moyer (d. 14 August 1822) on 27 October 1764, they had two children:
* John Heathcote (14 November 1767 – 3 May 1838)
* Lydia Heathcote (d. 18 March 1848, York) married on 6 June 1811 William Henry Dawnay 6th Viscount Downe (d. 23 May 1846), they had two sons and a daughter.
John Heathcote is buried in Chingford Essex.
# Popular Committees (Yemen)

The Popular committees (Arabic: اللجان الشعبية), also known as the People's Committees, are armed groups formed by Yemeni tribes on behalf of more professional armed forces.

## Overview

The Yemeni army has required the support of tribal militias or what have become known as People's Committees in internal and external wars. When the 1963 revolution in northern Yemen did not receive military support from the United Kingdom, some troops allied with the deposed imams to regain power. Tribal links weakened, especially in Taiz and Ibb; members received a monthly salary, wore military uniforms and underwent military training.
During the presidency of Abdul Rahman al-Iryani (1967–1974) the military battled over policy, beginning with a conflict over the establishment of the National Council. The "popular committees" further polarized the country.
During the 1980s Ali Abdullah Saleh reemphasized tribal affairs, in contrast with assassinated president Ibrahim al-Hamdi. His government clashed with the Houthis in Saada and 'Amran Governorates from 2004 to 2009, and the popular committees were used to a regional al-Qaeda's insurgency.
In course of the Yemeni Revolution, more and more self-defense groups or popular committees sprung up around the country. One of these was led by warlord Abdullatif Al-Sayed who initially fought against President Saleh's government and with al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula (AQAP), but later sided with the new government of Abdrabbuh Mansur Hadi. He reorganized his forces as auxiliaries for the army and supported Hadi in the later Yemeni Civil War. By 2015, popular committees had spread to other provinces of Yemen, and played a major role in the Battle of Aden (2015) against the Houthis.
By 2018, the Houthi rebels had also started to organize their own "popular committees".
# Tatum, Cameroon

Tatum is a town in Northwest Province, Cameroon. It had 5025 people at the 2006 census.
# El Mo'alla

25°28′20″N 32°31′30″E﻿ / ﻿25.4722°N 32.5250°E﻿ / 25.4722; 32.5250
El Mo'alla (Arabic: المعلّى) is a town in Upper Egypt located about 35 km south of Luxor, on the east bank of the Nile.
Known as Hefat by ancient Egyptians, it served as a necropolis for the nearby city of Djerty (nowadays El-Tod) since the early First Intermediate Period. Two rock-cut tombs within it, datable to this period, are particularly remarkable because of their decorations, that of the two nomarchs Ankhtifi and Sobekhotep.
# Daniel Lawton

Daniel Édouard Lawton (27 November 1881 – 27 March 1979) was a French tennis player. He competed in the men's doubles event at the 1920 Summer Olympics.
# Henry R. Pease

Henry Roberts Pease (February 19, 1835 – January 2, 1907) was an American lawyer, educator, and politician who served as a United States senator for Mississippi from 1874 to 1875. He also served as the state's first superintendent of education and was a member of the South Dakota Senate for one term.

## Early life and education

Born in Winsted, Connecticut, Pease received a normal school training.

## Career

Pease engaged in teaching from 1848 to 1859, studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1859 and commenced practice in Washington, D.C. During the Civil War, he entered the Union Army as a private in 1862 and attained the rank of captain; he was superintendent of education of Louisiana while that state was under military rule and was appointed superintendent of education of freedmen in Mississippi in 1867. In 1869, he was elected state superintendent of education of Mississippi.
Pease was elected as a Republican to the U.S. Senate to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Adelbert Ames and served from February 3, 1874, to March 3, 1875. He chose not to run for reelection. In 1875, he was appointed postmaster of Vicksburg, Mississippi by President Ulysses S. Grant, and he established and edited the Mississippi Educational Journal.
Pease moved to Dakota in 1881 and settled in Watertown (now South Dakota) where he was receiver of the United States General Land Office from 1881 to 1885. From 1895 to 1896 he served one term as a member of the South Dakota Senate, representing Marshall and Roberts Counties.

## Personal life

Pease died in Watertown in 1907; interment was in Mount Hope Cemetery.
# Nortorfer Land

Nortorfer Land (until 1 January 2007: Nortorf-Land) is an Amt ("collective municipality") in the district of Rendsburg-Eckernförde, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. It is situated around the town Nortorf, which is the seat of the Amt.
The Amt Nortorfer Land consists of the following municipalities:
| Bargstedt Bokel Borgdorf-Seedorf Brammer Dätgen Eisendorf Ellerdorf Emkendorf Gnutz | Groß Vollstedt Krogaspe Langwedel Nortorf Oldenhütten Schülp bei Nortorf Timmaspe Warder |
54°10′N 9°52′E﻿ / ﻿54.167°N 9.867°E﻿ / 54.167; 9.867
* This Rendsburg-Eckernförde location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Louis O'Hara

Louis O'Hara (born 1997/1998) is an Irish Sinn Féin politician who has been a Teachta Dála (TD) for the Galway East constituency since the 2024 general election.

## Early life and education

The son of a solicitor, O'Hara is from Cashla, a townland in Athenry civil parish. O'Hara graduated with a Bachelor of Arts in Public and Social Policy and a Master of Arts in Public Activism and Advocacy, both from the University of Galway.

## Political career

O'Hara joined Sinn Féin at the age of 17, stating he was drawn in by the party's focus on representing young people.
O'Hara stood unsuccessfully at the 2019 local elections to Galway County Council. At the 2020 general election, aged 22 and still a student at University of Galway, O'Hara lost out to Anne Rabbitte of Fianna Fáil.
Following the election of Sinn Féin's Midlands North West MEP Matt Carthy as TD for Cavan-Monaghan in February 2020 and his replacement as MEP by Chris MacManus of Sligo, O'Hara became constituency manager for MacManus, a role he held until the 2024 general election.
In 2020 O'Hara criticised Sinn Féin's Northern Ireland Finance Minister Conor Murphy after Murphy stated that Paul Quinn, who was murdered in 2007, was involved in smuggling and criminality.
O'Hara was elected at the 2024 local elections to Galway County Council for the Athenry–Oranmore area.
At the 2024 general election, O'Hara was elected Teachta Dála for the Galway East constituency, having won 14% of the first preference vote. In a party selection convention held shortly after the general election, Martin McNamara was selected to replace O'Hara on Galway County Council as a Sinn Féin councillor representing the Athenry-Oranmore local electoral area.

## Political views

O'Hara has campaigned on the issues of housing, health, transport, and rural development, with a particular focus on dereliction in towns across County Galway, a reduction in rents and provision of affordable housing, reopening the Western Railway Corridor to connect Tuam and Athenry with Galway City as well as an increase and enhancement of primary healthcare services. O'Hara has also highlighted the destructive role that large corporations are playing in relation to the issue of climate change; His 2020 manifesto stated "If we are serious about tackling the climate crisis we must target those who are responsible for pollution". As the spokesperson for Galway East Sinn Féin in January 2021, O'Hara published an opinion piece in the Galway Advertiser newspaper where he outlined some of the rationale for holding a referendum to affect constitutional change on the issue of Irish unity. In the article he references research carried out by Dr Kurt Huebner of the University of British Columbia which forecast that "Irish Unity would deliver a €35.6 billion boost in GDP for the island in the first eight years after unification, resulting in more jobs, higher wages, and more money to spend on public services".
# Serge Djelloul

Serge Djelloul (born 28 March 1966 in Sallanches) is a French former ice hockey defenceman. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1998 Winter Olympics.