OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# CLIVAR

CLIVAR (climate and ocean: variability, predictability and change) is one of six projects of the World Climate Research Programme. Its purpose is to describe and understand climate variability and predictability on seasonal to centennial time-scales, identify the physical processes responsible for climate change and develop modeling and predictive capabilities for climate modelling.

## History

The following is an approximate timeline of CLIVAR and its precedents:
* 1985: The World Climate Research Programme (WCRP) initiated the TOGA (Tropical-Ocean Global Atmosphere Project) (1985-1995) to study interannual variability driven by the ocean-atmosphere system in the tropics.
* 1990: The WCRP began the first observational phase of the World Ocean Circulation Experiment (1990-1997)
* 1991: The Joint Scientific Committee (JSC) of the WCRP called on a group of experts to come together and consider the possible future directions for climate research, building on the foundation laid by TOGA and WOCE.
* 1992: The deliberations of the Joint Scientific Committee were published in 1992 in a brochure entitled ‘CLIVAR – a study of Climate Variability and Predictability’.
* 1993: The WCRP JSC decided to undertake CLIVAR as a major activity.
* 1995: CLIVAR was officially launched, initially as a 15-year project. The launch coincided with the end of TOGA.
* 1997: The first CLIVAR implementation plan was published.

## Panels and working groups

CLIVAR has a number of panels and working groups based on the study of climate variability and predictability of different components of the global climate system.

### Global panels

CLIVAR has four global panels:
* Global Synthesis and Observation Panel
* Climate Dynamics Panel
* Ocean Model Development Panel
* CLIVAR/GEWEX Monsoons Panel

### Regional panels

Regional panels focus on specific aspects of the climate system. Since the different regions of the ocean are qualitatively different, and given the important role of the oceans in controlling climate over the interannual, decadal, and centennial scales considered by CLIVAR, the subdivision into panels is largely based on regions of the ocean system:
* Atlantic Region Panel
* CLIVAR /CliC Northern Oceans Region Panel
* CLIVAR/CliC/SCAR Southern Ocean Region Panel
* CLIVAR/IOC-GOOS Indian Ocean Region Panel
* Pacific Region Panel

### Research foci

CLIVAR RFs are temporary 3-5 years groups that drive priority climate research through bottom-up efforts, foster cross-panel and WCRP-wide collaboration, and engage new scientists. The current RFs are:
* Tropical Basin Interaction
* Marine Heatwaves in the Global Ocean
# Emblem of Punjab, India

The Emblem of Punjab is the official state emblem of the Indian state of Punjab and it is used as the official symbol of the Government of Punjab.

## Design

The emblem of Punjab consists of the encircled Lion Capital of Ashoka (depicting ancient Ashoka-era heritage found at Sanghol) with a Wheat stem above it and crossed Swords below it. Around the lion capital is written the legend "Government of Punjab" in the English, Hindi and Punjabi languages.

## Historical emblems

During British rule in India, the undivided province of Punjab was granted a coat of arms. These arms consisted of a purple shield charged with a gold sun rising over five rivers in blue and silver. The motto translated at "Let it grow from the rivers" The name "Punjab" means land of five rivers.
* Coat of Arms of Punjab Province (British India)
* Badge of Punjab Province (British India)
* Emblem of the former Patiala and East Punjab States Union

### Former princely states in Punjab

* Jind State
* Kapurthala State
* Malerkotla State
* Malerkotla State
* Nabha State
* Patiala State
# Sixfields

Sixfields is an area of Northampton, Northamptonshire, England about 1 mile (1.6 km) west of the town centre along the A4500 St James Road and Weedon Road towards M1 junction 16 about 2 miles (3.2 km) further west. It is close to the Duston, Upton and St James areas of the town. Located next to The River Nene and The Grand Union Canal (Northampton Arm), Sixfields is often called "The Starcity of Northamptonshire" .

## Northamptonshire County Council Division

Sixfields is also the name of a division of Northamptonshire County Council since the 2013 county council elections when it was held by the Liberal Democrat party. The division covers the Northampton town areas of Briar Hill, Camp Hill, part of West Hunsbury, Hunsbury Hill, Swan Valley, Hunsbury Meadows, Upton and St James. The division includes the Sixfields Stadium used by Northampton Town Football Club (known as "The Cobblers") as well as the Northampton Saints Rugby Football Club stadium both of which are due to expand in 2013. The Northampton Lift Tower is also located there. The River Nene flows in the valley between the north and south parts of the division. Significant flooding occurred in the St James area in 1998.

## Background

Part of the area was a landfill site for domestic waste originally. It was redeveloped into a leisure area to accommodate the Sixfields Stadium and an athletics running track. A domestic and trade waste recycling centre run by Northamptonshire County Council occupies part of the site, but will be relocated soon.

## Walter Tull memorial

Near the Cobblers stadium is a memorial to Walter Tull who played for Northampton Town. Tull became the first black/mixed race combat officer in the British Army during the first world war and was killed in action during 1918. The road past the stadium is named Walter Tull Way often showing signs of subsidence due to the previous use as a waste site.
# 1946 North Korean local elections

Elections of the provincial, city and county people's committees (도·시·군 인민위원회 선거) were held in Soviet-occupied North Korea on November 3, 1946.
The elections were held for the Pyongyang municipal people's committee (평양 특별시 인민위원회), six provincial people's committees, 12 city people's committees, and 90 county people's committees.
The total turnout for the election is 99.6%, with 97% of the total voters participating in the elections of the provincial people's committees, 95.4% in the elections of the city people's committees, and 96.9% in the elections of the county people's committees.
A total of 3,459 deputies were elected to the provincial, city and county people's committees, with 1,102 deputies being affiliated with the Workers' Party of North Korea, 352 with the Korean Democratic Party, 253 with the Chondoist Chongu Party, and 1,753 being independents.
Among the 3,459 deputies elected were 510 workers, 1,256 peasants, 1,056 office clerks, 145 merchants, 73 businessmen, 311 intellectuals, 94 religious people, and 14 former landlords. 453 of the 3,459 deputies were women. The country's future president, Kim Il Sung, was among those elected. He was elected from Samdung-myon (modern day Samdŭng-ri), Kangdong County in South Phyongan Province.
# Andrej Gaćina

Andrej Gaćina (born 21 May 1986) is a male table tennis player from Croatia.

## Career

Since 2007, he has won two medals in doubles and team events in the Table Tennis European Championships.
As of August 2016, he was the number nineteenth player in the world. On club level he competes for Olympiacos, with whom he won the ETTU Europe Trophy in 2023. In 2021 he played for Apuania Carrara Tennistavolo and in 2022 he won Europe Cup, Supercoppa italiana and Coppa Italia.
# Grass sickness

Grass sickness, alternatively termed equine dysautonomia, is a rare but predominantly fatal illness in horses. Grass sickness may affect all types of horse, pony and donkey, and has affected some well known horses including the thoroughbred stallions Dubai Millennium, Moorestyle and Mister Baileys.

## Clinical signs

Grass sickness is a polyneuropathy affecting the central, peripheral and enteric nervous systems. The majority of visible clinical signs are related to paralysis within the digestive tract although nerve damage occurs throughout the body. There are three forms of grass sickness:
* acute grass sickness (AGS) - horses display signs of colic and require euthanasia or die within 48 hours
* subacute grass sickness (SAGS) - horses display clinical signs similar to AGS but with less severity and may survive up to 7 days
* chronic grass sickness (CGS) - horses present with severe and rapid weight loss and a selected portion of these cases may survive.
Clinical signs common to all subsets include: depression, anorexia, colic (moderate with AGS/SAGS and mild with CGS), paralysis of the intestines, excess salivation, constipation, nasogastric fluid secretion, patchy sweating, muscle tremors and eyelid drooping.

## Cause

The cause remains unknown, but the toxin produced from the bacterium Clostridium botulinum type C may be involved.
Clostridium botulinum is a soil-borne bacterium, which may be better known for producing clinical signs of botulism. It may cause grass sickness when the spores of C. botulinum type C are ingested and produce their toxin locally within the intestine.
It is also linked to pasture mycotoxicosis, which comprises a very large and diverse population of fungi.
The Dick Vet research finally isolated a neurotoxic enzyme similar to the snake venom and discovered it as the probable cause of the sickness.

### Risk factors

The main risk factor for grass sickness, as the name may suggest, is grass. The disease is almost always seen in grazing animals, although there are isolated reports of the condition occurring in stabled horses. Grass sickness is most frequently seen in young horses aged between two and seven, and is particularly prevalent during April, May and June, and later in the autumn, after a spurt of grass growth.

## Diagnosis

Diagnosis of grass sickness in the live animal requires a thorough clinical examination including a rectal examination. Definitive diagnosis can only be made at surgery (where biopsies of the gut are taken) or at post-mortem (where samples from the nerves are taken). However it is commonly misdiagnosed due to a lack of understanding and limited research. Differential diagnoses for grass sickness are varied and include any other cause of colic and weight loss, tying-up, laminitis, botulism, choke and dental problems.

## Treatment

There is no treatment for grass sickness. A proportion of EGS cases survive following periods of intensive nursing. Overall, the mortality rate of equine grass sickness is over 95%.

## History

The first cases of grass sickness were recorded in eastern Scotland in 1909.
# Suchoręczek

Suchoręczek is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Kcynia, within Nakło County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. It lies approximately 9 kilometres (6 mi) north-east of Kcynia, 12 km (7 mi) south of Nakło nad Notecią, and 30 km (19 mi) west of Bydgoszcz.
# Qian Weiping

Qian Weiping (simplified Chinese: 钱卫平; traditional Chinese: 錢衛平; pinyin: Qián Wèipíng; born 1963) is a Chinese military scientist and a former major general in the People's Liberation Army (PLA). An expert in space tracking, telemetry and command, he served as President of Beijing Institute of Tracking and Telecommunications Technology [zh; de] and Deputy Director of the Equipment Development Department of the Central Military Commission. In July 2019, he was placed under investigation by the PLA's anti-corruption agency.

## Education

Qian was born in the town of Yicheng, Yixing, Jiangsu in 1963. He graduated from National University of Defense Technology.

## Career

In March 2016, he became the head of Information System Bureau of Equipment Development Department of the Central Military Commission. In April 2019, he was appointed deputy director of Equipment Development Department of the Central Military Commission, which oversaw the design of the space programme's telemetry, tracking and command systems for China's manned space program and the Chang'e 1 and Chang'e 2 lunar exploration programs.

## Investigation

In July 2019, he was placed under investigation by the PLA's anti-corruption agency.
# Directing Award Documentary

This is a list of winners of the Sundance Film Festival Directing Award for documentary features.

## Winners
### 1990s

* 1997: Arthur Dong – Licensed to Kill
* 1998: Julia Loktev – Moment of Impact
* 1999: Barbara Sonneborn – Regret to Inform

### 2000s

* 2000: Rob Epstein and Jeffrey Friedman – Paragraph 175
* 2001: Stacy Peralta – Dogtown and Z-Boys
* 2002: Rebecca Cammisa and Rob Fruchtman – Sister Helen
* 2003: Jonathan Karsh – My Flesh and Blood
* 2004: Morgan Spurlock – Super Size Me
* 2005: Jeff Feuerzeig – The Devil and Daniel Johnston
* 2006: James Longley – Iraq in Fragments
* 2007: Sean Fine and Andrea Nix Fine – War/Dance
* 2008: Nanette Burstein – American Teen
* 2009: Natalia Almada – El General

### 2010s

* 2010: Leon Gast – Smash His Camera
* 2011: Jon Foy – Resurrect Dead: The Mystery of the Toynbee Tiles
* 2012: Lauren Greenfield – The Queen of Versailles
* 2013: Zachary Heinzerling – Cutie and the Boxer
* 2014: Ben Cotner and Ryan White – The Case Against 8
* 2015: Matthew Heineman – Cartel Land
* 2016: Roger Ross Williams – Life, Animated
* 2017: Peter Nicks – The Force
* 2018: Alexandria Bombach – On Her Shoulders
* 2019: Steven Bognar and Julia Reichert – American Factory

### 2020s

* 2020: Garrett Bradley – Time
* 2021: Natalia Almada – Users
* 2022: Reid Davenport – I Didn't See You There
* 2023: Luke Lorentzen – A Still Small Voice
* 2024: Julian Brave NoiseCat and Emily Kassie – Sugarcane
* 2025: Geeta Gandbhir – The Perfect Neighbor
# Yizhar Harari

Yizhar Harari (Hebrew: יִזְהַר הֲרָרִי; 16 July 1908 – 1 February 1978) was a Zionist activist and Israeli politician.

## Biography

Yizhar Harari was born in Jaffa, then under Ottoman rule, to Haim and Yehudit Harari. He studied political science and journalism at the University of Paris and then law at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem and economics and political science in London, and was certified as a lawyer. His son, Haim Harari, is a physicist. His nephew, Yuval Ne'eman, was also a physicist who went into politics.

## Journalism and political career

In 1933, he worked as a journalist for Haaretz newspaper in London. He was a delegate to several Zionist Congresses, a member of the Zionist Actions Committee. From 1945 to 1949 he was a member of the Supreme Committee to Manage Illegal Immigration. He was a member of Supreme Command of the Haganah and later a lieutenant colonel in the IDF.
He was elected to the first through fourth Knessets for the Progressive Party, which later merged into the Israeli Liberal Party, for which he was elected to the fifth Knesset. During the fifth Knesset he refused to accept his party's merger into Gahal and, along with six other members (including Moshe Kol), formed the Independent Liberals party. In 1968, Harari resigned from the Independent Liberals and joined the Labor Party, which merged into the Alignment, for which he was elected to the seventh Knesset. He was chairman of the House Committee during the first Knesset, and was also member of the Foreign Affairs & Defense Committee and the Constitution, Law and Justice Committee.

### Harari Resolution

Harari is best known as initiator of the Harari Resolution (הַחְלָטַת הֲרָרִי‎; also referred to as the Harari Proposal) of 13 June 1950, a landmark in Israeli constitutional law. According to this proposal "the First Knesset assigns to the Constitution, Law and Justice Committee the preparation of a proposed constitution for the state. The constitution will be made up of chapters, each of which will constitute a separate basic law. The chapters will be brought to the Knesset, as the Committee completes its work, and all the chapters together will constitute the constitution of the state." Following the passing of this resolution, the Constitution, Law and Justice Committee set up a sub-committee on the Constitution. Several Basic Laws have been enacted since, and yet Israel still has no formal constitution.
# Marek Kulas

Marek Kulas (born 6 July 1963) is a Polish former racing cyclist. He won the Tour de Pologne in 1986. He also rode in the 1990 Vuelta a España, placing second on stage 2a.

## Major results
### 1986

    1st Overall Tour de Pologne

### 1989

    4th Overall Tour du Limousin
    10th Overall Grand Prix du Midi Libre

### 1990

    7th Overall Three Days of De Panne

### 1991

    2nd Overall Paris–Bourges
    6th Tour du Nord-Ouest
    10th Grand Prix Cerami

### 1992

    1st Stage 1 Herald Sun Tour
    1st Stage 2 Niederösterreich-Rundfahrt [de]
    6th Grand Prix de Wallonie
    7th Druivenkoers Overijse
    10th Grand Prix d'Isbergues
# Sulnowo

Sulnowo is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Świecie, within Świecie County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland.
# Variety Distribution

Variety Distribution is an Italian-based film distribution company.
It distributes Italian films worldwide, produced from the 1930s onward.

## History

Variety Distribution (formerly Variety Film and Variety Communications) has been in the film production and distribution business worldwide since 1945. The company manages the rights for all types of exploitation, including on digital platforms, of an extensive library of titles in a variety of genres, while also dealing with restoration and long-term digital preservation of audiovisual products in partnership with an international network of companies and professionals specializing in the film, audiovisual and multimedia industries.

## Activities

The company participates in major film festivals and markets, including MIPTV, MIPCOM and the Cannes Film Festival, EFM European Film Market during the Berlin International Film Festival, DISCOP in Budapest.
At the Cannes Film Festival 2022, it participated by premiering the film "Back to the Present", produced by Variety Distribution and Amazing film srl.

## Catalog

The company exclusively distributes worldwide a library of more than a thousand films, most owned by Euro Immobilfin Srl, produced from the 1930s to the present day. Their most famous (owned) movies are those produced and distributed by Penta Film.
Within the catalog are directors including Mario Bava, Alessandro Blasetti, Mario Monicelli, Giuliano Montaldo, Ermanno Olmi, and famous actors including Gino Cervi, Christian De Sica, Aldo Fabrizi, Vittorio Gassman, Gina Lollobrigida, Marcello Mastroianni, Alberto Sordi, Ugo Tognazzi, and Toto.
In 2022 the company acquired the rights to distribute worldwide the film Anthropophagus 2, a film inspired by Joe d'Amato's 1980 cult film Anthropophagus.
# Sardor Sabirkhodjaev

Sardor Sabirkhodjaev (born 6 November 1994) is an Uzbek professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Pakhtakor and the Uzbekistan national team.

## Career
### Club

On 26 July 2017, FC Bunyodkor announced the return of Sabirkhodjaev.

## Career statistics
### Club

    As of match played 3 October 2018
| Club | Season | League | League | League | National Cup | National Cup | Continental | Continental | Other | Other | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Bunyodkor | 2013 | Uzbek League | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | - | - | 1 | 0 |
| Bunyodkor | 2014 | Uzbek League | 22 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 6 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 30 | 0 |
| Bunyodkor | 2015 | Uzbek League | 18 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 0 | - | - | 24 | 1 |
| Bunyodkor | Total | Total | 41 | 1 | 4 | 0 | 9 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 55 | 1 |
| Sogdiana Jizzakh | 2016 | Uzbek League | 10 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | - | - | 12 | 0 |
| Obod Tashkent | 2016 | Uzbek League | 13 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | - | - | 13 | 0 |
| Shurtan Guzar | 2017 | Uzbek League | 15 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | - | - | 17 | 1 |
| Bunyodkor | 2017 | Uzbek League | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | - | - | 3 | 0 |
| Bunyodkor | 2018 | Uzbek League | 23 | 1 | 3 | 0 | - | - | - | - | 26 | 1 |
| Bunyodkor | Total | Total | 26 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | - | - | 29 | 1 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 105 | 3 | 11 | 0 | 9 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 126 | 3 |

### International

Uzbekistan national team :
| Year | Apps | Goals |
| 2014 | 1 | 0 |
| 2015 | 0 | 0 |
| 2016 | 0 | 0 |
| 2017 | 0 | 0 |
| 2018 | 3 | 0 |
| Total | 2 | 0 |
Statistics accurate as of match played 11 September 2018
# 2015 USAC Honda National Midgets

The 2015 USAC Honda National Midget Series is the 60th season of the USAC National Midget Series. The series began with the Kokomo Grand Prix at Kokomo Speedway on April 10, and will end with the Turkey Night Grand Prix at Perris Auto Speedway on November 26. Rico Abreu will be the defending champion.
| No. | Date | Race title | Track | Winning Driver |
| 1 | April 10 | Kokomo Grand Prix | Kokomo Speedway | rained out |
| 2 | April 11 | Kokomo Grand Prix | Kokomo Speedway | Darren Hagen |
| 3 | May 29 | | Plymouth Speedway | Kevin Thomas Jr. |
| 4 | May 30 | | Plymouth Speedway | rained out |
| 5 | June 10 | Indiana Midget Week | Gas City I-69 Speedway | Tanner Thorson |
| 6 | June 11 | Indiana Midget Week | Lincoln Park Speedway | Bryan Clauson |
| 7 | June 12 | Indiana Midget Week | Bloomington Speedway | Christopher Bell |
| 8 | June 13 | Indiana Midget Week | Lawrenceburg Speedway | Rico Abreu |
| 9 | June 21 | Indiana Midget Week | Kokomo Speedway | rained out |
| 10 | July 5 | Pepsi Nationals | Angell Park Speedway | Rico Abreu |
| 11 | July 28 | Chad McDaniel Memorial | Solomon Valley Raceway | Kevin Thomas Jr. |
| 12 | July 30 | Belleville Midget Nationals | Belleville High Banks | Rico Abreu |
| 13 | August 1 | Belleville Midget Nationals | Belleville High Banks | Bryan Clauson |
| 14 | August 18 | USAC Midget Eastern Storm | Path Valley Speedway Park | Rico Abreu |
| 15 | August 19 | USAC Midget Eastern Storm | Lincoln Speedway | Rico Abreu |
| 16 | August 20 | USAC Midget Eastern Storm | Susquehanna Speedway Park | rained out |
| 17 | September 4 | Gold Crown Midget Nationals | Tri-City Speedway | Tanner Thorson |
| 18 | September 5 | Gold Crown Midget Nationals | Tri-City Speedway | Tanner Thorson |
| 19 | September 26 | 34th Annual 4-Crown Nationals | Eldora Speedway | Christopher Bell |
| 20 | October 23 | Jason Leffler Memorial | Wayne County Speedway | Bryan Clauson |
| 21 | November 26 | Turkey Night Grand Prix | Perris Auto Speedway | Tanner Thorson |

## Schedule notes

* - The June 21 race at Kokomo Speedway was originally scheduled for June 14 but was postponed due to inclement weather. The race was canceled after inclement weather hit the area on that night as well
* - The July 5 race at Angell Park Speedway was co-sanctioned with the POWRi Lucas Oil National Midget Series & Badger Midgets
* - The Eastern Storm races at Path Valley Speedway Park, Lincoln Speedway, and Susquehanna Speedway Park were co-sanctioned with the ARDC.
* - The October 23 race at Wayne County Speedway will be co-sanctioned with the POWRi Lucas Oil National Midget Series
* - The Turkey Night Grand Prix at Perris Auto Speedway will be a combined series race with the USAC Honda Western States Midgets