OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Beck Spring Dolomite

The Beck Spring Dolomite is a geological formation in Death Valley, California, from the Tonian period of the Neoproterozoic era. It is believed to be between 750 and 800 million years old. It is known for its highly palaeontologically significant fossils of microbial life. It consists almost entirely of dolomite.
There are three layers of dolomite found there. The topmost part is laminae of pelletal and mosaic dolomite. The next is oolitic of mosaic dolomite with oolite, pisolite, and grapestone. The lowest layer is upper cherty stromatolites that has been partially silicified and dolomitized.

## Palaeontological significance

Paul Knauth, a geologist at Arizona State University, maintains that photosynthesizing organisms such as algae may have grown in the Beck Spring Dolomite. Samples were taken in the 1990s revealed that the region housed flourishing mats of photosynthesizing, unicellular life forms which antedated the Cambrian explosion.
Microfossils have been found in holes in the surface of the dolomite. These microfossil and geochemical findings support the idea that during the Precambrian period, complex life evolved both in the oceans and on land. Knauth contends that do to the high levels of salt and low levels of oxygen in the ocean at that time, the animals may have had their origin in freshwater lakes and streams.
Since the original discovery, studies have documented plenty of microfossil and geochemical evidence showing that life covered the continents as far back as 2.2 billion years ago. While most paleobiologists now accept the idea that simple life forms existed on land during the Precambrian, few accept that multicellular life thrived on land more than 600 million years ago.
# Miguel Ángel Gómez

Miguel Ángel Gómez Campuzano (24 April 1968 – 6 April 1993) was a Spanish sprinter who competed primarily in the 200 metres. He represented his country at the 1992 Summer Olympics. In addition he reached the final at the 1991 World Indoor Championships.
He died in a motorcycle accident together with his girlfriend in 1993.

## Competition record

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Event | Notes |
| Representing Spain ||||||
| 1988 | European Indoor Championships | Budapest, Hungary | 14th (h) | 200 m | 21.58 |
| 1989 | World Cup | Barcelona, Spain | 8th | 200 m | 20.98 |
| 1991 | World Indoor Championships | Seville, Spain | 5th | 200 m | 21.29 |
| 1991 | Mediterranean Games | Athens, Greece | 2nd | 200 m | 20.76 |
| 1991 | Mediterranean Games | Athens, Greece | 2nd | 4x100 m relay | 39.39 |
| 1991 | World Championships | Tokyo, Japan | 36th (h) | 200 m | 21.08 |
| 1991 | World Championships | Tokyo, Japan | 12th (h) | 4×100 m relay | 39.52 |
| 1992 | Ibero-American Championships | Seville, Spain | 5th | 200 m | 21.53 |
| 1992 | Olympic Games | Barcelona, Spain | 34th (qf) | 200 m | 21.32 |

## Personal bests

Outdoor
* 200 metres – 20.76 (-1.0 m/s, Athens 1991)
Indoor
* 200 metres – 21.09 (Seville 1991)
# Wybczyk

Wybczyk is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Łubianka, within Toruń County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland.
# Shyam Lal Meena

Shyam Lal Meena (born 4 March 1965) is an Indian archer. He represented India at 1988 Summer Olympics. The Government of India honoured him with an Arjuna award in 1989. First international gold medal for Rajasthan.
# Mike Richardson (Australian footballer)

Michael John Richardson (born 16 March 1959) is a former Australian rules football player who played for the Collingwood Football Club, Essendon Football Club and the Brisbane Bears in the AFL, and Swan Districts Football Club and West Perth Football Club in the WAFL throughout the late 1970s and early 1990s.

## Early career

Richardson began his career at Swan Districts in 1978 at an age of 19, he was regarded as a highly skilled fast placed roving forward or mid fielder. Richardson played as a rover in the 1982 Grand Final and was among the team's best players. He also topped the goal kicking list at Swan Districts that season with 75 goals.

## VFL/AFL career

He was recruited to Collingwood Football Club in 1983 and played a total of 60 games, kicking 117 goals, before leaving midway through the 1986 season to play for the Essendon football club. He remained at Essendon for the remainder of the 1986 season playing 15 games and kicking 14 goals. Richardson then joined the inaugural Brisbane Bears Team in the 1987 season he played some of his best football at the club and held down many positions. He left at the end of the 1990 season after playing 81 games and kicking 43 goals to return to Swan Districts.

## WAFL

He played another two seasons at Swans before leaving to play with West Perth for the 1994 season, having played 139 games and kicked 210 goals for Swans. It was at West Perth that he brought up his 300th game, before he retired at the end of the season.
During his career, he played 302 premiership games and kicked 390 goals. He was selected in the Swan Districts Team of the Century on a half-forward flank.

## Personal life

He is the twin brother of former Essendon and WAFL player Stephen Richardson.
# Sakhanka

Sakhanka (Ukrainian: Саханка; Russian: Саханка) is a village in Novoazovsk Raion (district) in Donetsk Oblast of eastern Ukraine, at 126 km south from the centre of Donetsk city; the SE part of the village borders with the Sea of Azov.
During the War in Donbass pro-Russian forces took the settlement under their control. In August 2021, it was one of the sites of the Sakhanka and Uzhivka killings.

## Demographics

Native language as of the Ukrainian Census of 2001:
* Ukrainian — 58.28%
* Russian — 41.54%
* Armenian — 0.09%
* Greek — 0.09%
# Halos (Delphi)

The Halos was a round open space close to the temple of Apollo in Delphi, where ancient rituals were being performed.

## Description

Between the Bouleuterion and Sibyl's Rock in the sanctuary of Apollo in Delphi there is a narrow pass leading to the fountain which the dragon Python was supposedly guarding. Apollo killed the dragon and then left for the land of the Hyperboreans in order to be expiated from the murder. This action signifies in mythology the transition from the early chthonic cults to the cult of the god of light and music. At that spot, in front of the rocks marking the pass, a round square is formed, called Halos (literally: a threshing floor), where several rituals were taking place. Among these rituals was the Septerion (Σεπτήριον), the ritual re-enactment of the murder of Python by Apollo, taking place once every eight years. Plutarch mentions that during the ritual cleansing of the site a boy, whose parent were both alive, would set fire on a wooden construction symbolizing the dwelling of Python and then went on to cleanse himself as Apollo had done, taking recourse initially in the Tempi Valley. Around the Halos, particularly on its north side, platforms and bases for monuments were erected, particularly in the Hellenistic period. Among them stands out the base for a statue of the Pergamene king Attalus II Philadelphus(159-138 B.C.), dedicated by the city of Delphi. To the northeast the Halos is delimited by the Polygonal wall, built after the destruction of the Temple of Apollo (Delphi) in 548 B.C., in order to support the ground for the erection of the new temple that was going to be built under the auspices of the Alcmaeonids. To the north of the Halos stood the Portico of the Athenians, also lying against the Polygonal wall. In 1939, in the course of repair works along the Sacred Way, a repository was discovered in front of the Halos, in which a large number of ex votos and other liturgical objects was discovered. These ex votos had been destroyed at a prior phase, by fire or other causes, and, according to the practice in those days, they were buried because it was forbidden to recycle or sell them. The most important of these finds were the chryselephantine statues of Apollo and Artemis and a silver bull.
# Prussian G 1

The Prussian G 1 was a class of 0-4-0 goods locomotive of the Prussian States Railways. The original design came from the Prussian Eastern Railway. The long branch lines required tender locomotives, as tank locomotives could not carry sufficient coal and water. A total of 44 locomotives of this type were delivered to the Prussian Eastern Railway in 1878 and 1879.
After the establishment of the Prussian State Railways, a need for more locomotives of this type was identified. Therefore, between 1887 and 1898, another 49 locomotives of this type were ordered. In 1905, these locomotives received the classification G 1, and were renumbered into the 3001–3050 number block. The differences between the two delivery series were minor.
The Deutsche Reichsbahn did not include any of these locomotives in their renumbering plan; the last of the type was retired in the early 1920s.
The locomotives were couples to type 2 T 8 tenders.
# Wybranowo, Inowrocław County

Wybranowo is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Rojewo, within Inowrocław County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. It lies approximately 5 kilometres (3 mi) south of Rojewo, 9 km (6 mi) north of Inowrocław, 31 km (19 mi) south-west of Toruń, and 33 km (21 mi) south-east of Bydgoszcz.
Łążyn is a hamlet in Wybranowo. It lies approximately 2 kilometres (1 mi) north-east of Jaksice (52°52′N 18°13′E﻿ / ﻿52.867°N 18.217°E﻿ / 52.867; 18.217).
# Gheorghe Váczi

Gheorghe Váczi (4 August 1922 – 16 October 2006) was a Romanian football player who played as a striker. He was the topscorer of the Romanian First League in 1949 and 1951, under the colours of Club Atletic Oradea.

## Career overview

* Total matches played in Romanian First League: 194 matches – 126 goals
* Total matches played in Hungarian First Division: 48 matches – 26 goals
* Topscorer of Romanian First League: 1949 and 1951.
* Winner of Liga I: 1949, 1954
* Winner of Cupa României: 1953
* Romania B: 3 matches – 1 goal
    $^1$ The 1955 Second League goals and appearances made for Progresul Oradea are unavailable.
# Antifragile

Antifragility is a property of systems in which they benefit from shocks.
Antifragile or Anti-fragile may refer to:
* Antifragile (book), a 2012 book by Nassim Nicholas Taleb
* Antifragile (EP), 2022 EP by Le Sserafim
** "Antifragile" (song), 2022 song by Le Sserafim
* Antifragile (album), 2025 album by All That Remains
# Umberto Barozzi

Umberto Barozzi (Ivrea, 13 August 1881 - 13 July 1929) was an Italian sprinter. Umberto Barozzi participated at one edition of the Summer Olympics (1908) and he won the first edition of the Italian Athletics Championships on 100 metres, in 1906.

## Achievements

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Event | Performance | Note |
| 1908 | Olympic Games | London | heat | 100 metres | - | |
| 1908 | Olympic Games | London | heat | 200 metres | 24.1 | |

## National titles

Umberto Barozzi has won four time the individual national championship.
* 3 wins on 100 metres (1906, 1907, 1908)
* 1 win on 400 metres (1907)
# Tribonema

Tribonema is a genus of filamentous, freshwater yellow-green algae. The holotype for the genus is the species Tribonema bombycina (C.Agardh) Derbès & Solier.
Species recorded from Ireland include: Tribonema affine (G.S.West) G.S. West; T. minus (G.A. Klebs) Hazen and T. viride Pascher.
# Jim Jones (American football, born 1935)

James Ray Jones (May 6, 1935 – October 5, 1982) was an American football defensive back who played one season with the Los Angeles Rams of the National Football League (NFL). He was drafted by the Los Angeles Rams in the third round of the 1958 NFL draft. He played college football at the University of Washington. Jones was also a member of the BC Lions and Oakland Raiders.

## Early life

Jones played high school football at Lincoln High School in Tacoma, Washington, earning all-state honors as a fullback.

## College career

Jones played for the Washington Huskies from 1956 to 1957, recording career totals of 852 rushing yards and two rushing touchdowns. He earned First-team All-PCC honors and was co-captain of the Huskies his senior year in 1957. He was invited to the Chicago College All-Star Game in 1958.

## Professional career

Jones was selected by the Los Angeles Rams with the 30th pick in the 1958 NFL draft. He played in all twelve games for the Rams during the 1958 season. He played in fifteen games for the BC Lions from 1960 to 1961. Jones played in one game for the Oakland Raiders in 1961.

## Personal life

Jones died on October 5, 1982, in King County, Washington, after a scuba diving accident near Seattle. He was an insurance agent for Allstate at the time of his death.
# Christian Cooper

Christian Cooper (born 1963) is an American science writer and editor, and also a comics writer and editor. He is based in New York City. In 2023, Random House published Cooper's memoir, Better Living Through Birding: Notes from a Black Man in the Natural World. He gained cultural notoriety after a false police report was made by a white woman who went viral for her erratic behavior while calling the police on him in a New York park in 2020.

## Career

Cooper is currently a senior biomedical editor at Health Science Communications and has become a frequent substitute co-host for the public access television news series Gay USA. On May 16, 2022, National Geographic announced Cooper would host a show on their American TV channel called Extraordinary Birder, exploring the world of birds alongside experts in the field. The show premiered on June 17, 2023.
On June 8, 2024, Cooper won a Daytime Emmy Award in the Outstanding Daytime Personality category for his work on Extraordinary Birder.

### Comics

Cooper was one of the first openly gay editors at Marvel; colleague and friend Kelly Corvese was the first. He introduced the first gay male character in Star Trek, Yoshi Mishima, in the Starfleet Academy series, which was nominated for a GLAAD Media Award in 1999. He also introduced the first openly lesbian character for Marvel, Victoria Montesi and created and authored Queer Nation: The Online Gay Comic. Cooper was also an associate editor for Alpha Flight #106 in which the character Northstar came out as gay.
Cooper has written stories for Marvel Comics Presents, which often feature characters such as Ghost Rider and Vengeance. He has also edited a number of X-Men collections, and the final two issues of the Marvel Swimsuit Special.

## Personal life

Born in 1963 to parents who were both teachers, Cooper found his interest in birds while reading a birdwatching book during a roadtrip from his Long Island childhood home to California. In the 1980s, he was president of the Harvard Ornithological Club, and is currently on the Board of Directors for NYC Audubon. Cooper has a long history of LGBT activism including being the co-chair of the board of directors of GLAAD in the 1980s.
On May 25, 2020, Cooper was involved in the Central Park birdwatching incident, which led to the creation of Black Birders Week. The incident is also the basis for his online comic book about racism, illustrated by Alitha Martinez and published by DC Comics, called "It's a Bird".
# Authentica habita

Authentica habita, or Privilegium Scholasticum, was a document written in c. 1155 by the Emperor Frederick I Barbarossa. In it, he set out for the first time some of the rules, rights and privileges of students and scholars. It is an important precursor to the formation of medieval universities in Europe.
Scholars from all over Europe had begun to travel to Bologna to study civil and canon law, and newly rediscovered works of Roman law, from the mid-11th century. As foreigners there, they found themselves without legal protection. A particular difficulty was the practice of the Right of Reprisal, where their property could be seized on foot of debts incurred by their countrymen.
The document grants several rights and protections to scholars including:
* Similar immunities and freedoms as those held by the clergy, provided they conformed to certain attributes, such as clerical dress;
* Freedom of movement and travel for the purposes of study;
* Immunity from the right of reprisal; and
* The right to be tried by their masters, or the Bishops court, rather than local civil courts.
The document was subsequently confirmed by Pope Alexander III. The emperor incorporated the document into Justinian’s Codex, the extant body of Roman law, indicating its significance.
One medieval commentary to the document exists, written by Bartolomeo Bolognini in 1492. See also Pearl Kibre's "Scholarly privileges in the Middle Ages".
# Hilary Hemingway

Hilary Hemingway (born 1961) is an American author. She grew up in Miami Beach, and, as of 2016, lives on Cape Coral.
Many of her earlier published works were co-authored with her husband, Jeff Lindsay. She produced a 2002 documentary for PBS titled Hemingway in Cuba.
She is the daughter of Leicester Hemingway and niece of Ernest Hemingway.
In 2009, Hemingway co-wrote a feature screenplay with actor/director Andy Garcia, Hemingway & Fuentes; it follows Ernest Hemingway's friendship with Cuban Captain Gregorio Fuentes during the last ten years Ernest spent on the island of Cuba. The film was being produced by CineSon Productions. As of 2016, the film has not yet been made.
# You Could've Been a Lady

"You Could've Been a Lady" is a song by the British soul band Hot Chocolate, written by Errol Brown and Tony Wilson in 1969. Released as a single in 1971, it peaked at number 22 on the UK Singles Chart during a nine-week run. Although initially released by Hot Chocolate as a non-album single, the song later appeared on the 2009 reissue of Cicero Park.
In 1976, the band re-recorded the song for their Man to Man album. Boasting a fuller, heavier production than the 3:42 original, it runs for 4:25. Rather than the original single version, a 3:48 edit of the re-recording has appeared on all compilation albums issued both by the band and with various other artists.
"You Could've Been a Lady" has many similarities to "Why Don't You Quit" by American jazz musician Eddie Harris.

## April Wine version

The song had further success in North America when it was covered by Canadian rock band April Wine for their 1972 studio album, On Record. Released as the album's first single, it was their first hit, reaching number two on the RPM 100 in Canada and number 32 on the Billboard Hot 100 in the United States.
# HMS Portsmouth

Numerous ships of the British Royal Navy have been named HMS Portsmouth, after the English port city and home of a naval base.
* English ship Portsmouth (1650), Portsmouth during the English Commonwealth, a 38-gun fourth-rate frigate launched in 1650 and exploded after being captured by the French ship Marquis 1689.
* HMS Portsmouth (1665), a 14-gun ketch launched in 1665 and captured in 1673 by the Dutch Navy.
* HMS Portsmouth (1667), a 6-gun sloop launched in 1667 and captured in 1672 by the Dutch Navy.
* HMS Portsmouth (1674), an 8-gun yacht launched in 1674 and wrecked in 1703.
* HMS Portsmouth (1690), a 32-gun fifth rate launched in 1690 and captured by the French Navy in 1696.
* HMS Portsmouth (1702), a 6-gun yacht launched in 1702, rebuilt and renamed HMS Medina in 1772 and broken up in 1832.
* HMS Portsmouth (1707), a 42-gun fifth rate launched in 1707, converted to a hospital ship in 1720 and broken up in 1728.
* HMS Portsmouth (1741), a storeship launched in 1741 and wrecked in 1747 off Longsands.
* HMS Portsmouth (1742), a 6-gun yacht launched in 1742 and broken up in 1869.
* HMS Portsmouth (1747), a transport purchased in 1747 and sold in 1767.
* HMS Portsmouth (1756), a 6-gun busse purchased in 1756 and wrecked off Senegal in 1758.
* HMS Portsmouth (1759), a 4-gun transport launched in 1759.
* HMS Portsmouth (1811), an Aid-class storeship launched in 1811, converted to a coal hulk in 1828 and broken up in 1834.
# SNCF Class BB 25150

The BB 25150 is a class of electric locomotives in service with the French railways SNCF, built by Materiel de Traction Electrique (MTE) between 1967 and 1976. They are dual voltage locomotives working off both 1500 V DC and 25 kV 50 Hz AC. Designed by André Jacquemin, the class is a development of the earlier BB 25100.

## Construction and use

The locomotives were built in three batches. The first, of 20 units, was built between 1967 and 1968 and allocated to the depot at Chalindrey.These were numbered BB 25151–BB 25170. In 1974 a further 5 units, numbered BB 25171–BB 25175, were constructed and allocated to Chambéry. These were slightly longer and heavier than the first batch. Finally another 20, numbers BB 25176–BB 25195, were built between 1976 and 1977 and also allocated to Chambéry.
The Chambéry locomotives were principally used on the Bellegarde to Evian-les-Bains and Aix-les-Bains to Saint-Gervais-les-Bains services. In the winter sports season Chambéry would be allocated BB 25168 and BB 25169 from Chalindrey to assist with the extra traffic.
In 2009 the last members of the class were transferred to the depot at Vénissieux for use around Lyon.

## Disposal

In 2003, BB 25180, BB 25184, BB 25194 and BB 25195 were rebuilt to Class BB 25200. Withdrawals of the remainder started in 2003 and continued until December 2011. BB 25188 was reinstated in February 2012, finally being withdrawn in December 2013.

## Names

One member of the class, BB 25175, was named Le Creusot.

## Preservation

Two members of the class have been preserved, BB 25188 at Chambéry, and BB 25173 at Mini Rail Nantais.
# Prussian G 4.3

The Prussian G 4.3 was a class of 0-6-0 goods locomotive of the Prussian State Railways; they were manufactured between 1903 and 1907 by Union Giesserei in Königsberg. The type was developed with the aim of improving the running characteristics of 6-coupled locomotives. They proved a more capable design than the normal-type (G 4.2), and so had a higher maximum speed of 60 km/h (37 mph). However, they were quickly outclassed by increasing weight of freight trains.
They were used for passenger and ordinary freight services, as well as express freight trains, mainly in the eastern divisions. Only 63 locomotives were manufactured, of which 39 were included in the 1923 DRG renumbering plan, as 53 296 and 297, and 53 301 to 53 337. In the final 1925 plan, the Reichsbahn renumbered the remaining 28 locomotives as 53 301 to 53 328. They were all retired by 1928.
After World War I, ten locomotives were transferred to Poland, and five to the Free City of Danzig. The PKP operated all 15 as class Th4. Nine locomotives were transferred to Belgium; they were not renumbered, and all were retired in 1923.
During World War II, three of the Danzig locomotives were taken back into the Reichsbahn fleet as 53 7751 to 53 7753. They passed to Deutsche Bundesbahn at the end of the war; one was sold to a sugar factory in 1946, but all were retired in 1951.
The locomotives were coupled to type pr 3 T 10.5 or pr 3 T 12 tenders.
# Solomon Harper

Solomon Harper (born in Poplar Grove, Arkansas, on August 8, 1893) was an electrical engineer and inventor known for creating the first electrically heated hair roller and 28 other inventions.
Harper worked for various railways performing jobs like section head, construction and other locomotive work. In 1914, he applied for his first patent for his block system which he invented to prevent train collision. It was designed to prevent rear and head on collision and to prevent trains from running into open switches, to automatically reduce train's speed at dangerous places, and to stop trains at railways junctions.
During the course of his career, he struggled to receive recognition and compensation for his inventions. Harper was trained as an electrical engineer and was a veteran. He was a politically active communist, and organized at least one march to picket the White House about unemployment in 1930.