OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 252nd Division (Israel)

The 252nd "Sinai" Division (Hebrew: עוצבת סיני) is an Israel Defense Forces reserve division under the Southern Command. Formed in 1968, it was the first permanent division in the IDF. As of August 2024, it is commanded by Brigadier General Yehuda Vach.

## History

The unit was created in 1968 in an effort to unify Israeli armoured forces in the Sinai, taking an active part in the War of Attrition. It later took an active part in the Yom Kippur War. During the First Lebanon War, it operated on the eastern wing of the Israeli forces pushing into Lebanon. In the 21st century, the division has been charged with securing the border with Egypt.
The unit played an active role in the 2023 Israel–Hamas war. The Israel Defense Forces said that "the 252nd Division has killed hundreds of Hamas operatives, including senior members, in Beit Hanoun and Jabaliya."
The unit has been accused of arbitrary killings of civilians by Haaretz. The current commander Yehuda Vach has been accused of claiming that "there are no innocents in Gaza" in the same article. The IDF has repeatedly denied allegations that it targets civilians, and presented findings to the International Court of Justice that it claims displays "extraordinary measures in order to minimize the harm to civilians".

## Division organization 2024

* 252nd Division "Sinai" (Reserve)
** 10th Armored Brigade "Harel" (Reserve)
*** 360th Armored Battalion
*** 383rd Armored Battalion
*** 429th Armored Battalion
*** 924th Combat Engineering Battalion
*** 5358th Reconnaissance Company
*** Logistic Battalion
*** Signal Company
** 12th Infantry Brigade "Negev" (Reserve)
*** 8114th Infantry Battalion
*** 9208th Infantry Battalion
*** 9217th Infantry Battalion
*** (6863rd) Reconnaissance Battalion
*** Logistic Battalion
*** Signal Company
** 14th Armored Brigade "Machatz" (Reserve)
*** 79th Armored Battalion
*** 87th Armored Battalion
*** 184th Armored Battalion
*** 271st Combat Engineering Battalion
*** 5440th Reconnaissance Company
*** Logistic Battalion
*** Signal Company
** 16th Infantry Brigade "Jerusalem" (Reserve)
*** 7007th Infantry Battalion
*** 8119th Infantry Battalion
*** 9207th Infantry Battalion
*** (6310th) Reconnaissance Battalion
*** Logistic Battalion
*** Signal Company
** 454th Artillery Brigade "Tabor/Fire Flame" (Reserve)
*** 439th Artillery Battalion (M270 "Menatetz" MLRS)
*** 670th Artillery Battalion (M109 "Doher" self-propelled howitzers)
*** 7394th Artillery Battalion (M109 "Doher" self-propelled howitzers)
*** 9305th Artillery Battalion (M109 "Doher" self-propelled howitzers)
*** Target Acquisition Battalion
*** Signal Company
** Division Logistic Brigade
** Division Signal Battalion
# Robert L. Noble Prize

The Robert L. Noble Prize (not to be confused with the Nobel Prize) is awarded each year by the Canadian Cancer Society to researchers whose contributions have led to a significant advance in cancer research. The prize consists of 2,000 Canadian dollars for the researcher receiving the prize, and an additional 20,000 Canadian dollars to further his/her cancer research.
It honours Robert L. Noble, a Canadian researcher who in the 1950s helped with the discovery of vincristine and vinblastine, widely used anti-cancer drugs.

## Recipients

Source: Canadian Cancer Society
* 2023 – Sheila Singh, Peter Dirks
* 2022 – Samuel Aparicio
* 2021 – Michael Taylor
* 2020 – Nada Jabado
* 2019 – Jerry Pelletier
* 2018 – Pamela Ohashi
* 2017 – Morag Park
* 2016 – Poul Sorensen
* 2014 – Rama Khokha and James T. Rutka
* 2013 – Shoukat Dedhar
* 2012 – Michel Tremblay
* 2011 – John Bell
* 2010 – Mitsu Ikura
* 2009 – Brian Wilson
* 2008 – Mark Henkelman
* 2007 – Dick Hill
* 2006 – Carol Cass
* 2005 – Susan Cole and Roger Deeley
* 2004 – Robert Kerbel
* 2003 – Connie Eaves
* 2002 – Nahum Sonenberg
* 2001 – Chris Bleackley
* 2000 – John Dick
* 1999 – Janet Rossant
* 1998 – Frank L. Graham
* 1997 – Alan Bernstein
* 1996 – Tak Wah Mak
* 1995 – Anthony J. Pawson
* 1994 – Victor Ling
# Robert Livingston (American football)

Robert Livingston (born November 29, 1985) is an American football coach and former player. He is currently the defensive coordinator for the Colorado Buffaloes. He was a football coach in the National Football League (NFL) from 2012 to 2023, as the safeties coach/secondary coach of the Cincinnati Bengals.

## Coaching career

In 2010, Livingston got his first coaching job with Furman as the team's safeties coach. In 2011, Livington joined Vanderbilt as a defensive quality control coach. Livingston got his first career NFL job as a scout for the Cincinnati Bengals. In 2015, Livingston was promoted by the Bengals to be a defensive quality control/special teams assistant. Then in 2016, he was promoted again this time to be the secondary coach.
In 2021, the Bengals finished with a 10–7 record and clinched their first AFC North title since 2015. It also marked their first Super Bowl appearance since 1988. Livingston on the defensive side, Bengals rushing defense ranked 5th best amongst all NFL teams.
In 2024, Livingston was hired by the Colorado Buffaloes to be the team's defensive coordinator.
# Tola of Clonard

Saint Tola is the name of a seventh-century Irish Roman Catholic and Orthodox Christian saint, also referred to as "a good soldier of Christ".

## Life

Tola, the reputed son of Donchad, is also referred to as Thola or Tolanus. He was born after the middle of the seventh century.
He lived for many years the life of a hermit at Disert Tola, and founded a monastery there in the latter 7th or early 8th century.
He was the bishop of Clonard in Meath, Ireland and a crozier ascribed to him now resides in the National Museum of Ireland, in Dublin. About the year 700, he established a monastic community in northwestern County Clare, between the River Fergus and the Burren. He sent missionaries to Europe and also helped the expansion of various scholarly studies. Later, Bishop Tola was called to preside over Clonard, County Meath until his death sometime between 734 and 737.
Portions of his original church, a very early church, or at least portions of its foundations, were incorporated into the 11th-century Romanesque Church that lies in ruins near Corofin. The high cross at Dysert O'Dea Monastery is referred to as Tola's Cross, Crusha Baunala or "the cross of blessing". It is from the 11th or 12th century, however, and there is no direct connection between the saint and this particular, late, high cross although one of the figures on the cross appears to be that of a bishop, perhaps St. Tola.

## Veneration

His feast day is celebrated on 30 March.
St. Tola is the patron saint of County Clare, and is invoked against "toothaches", The cross had a portion that could be taken out and was placed near the tooth in order to assist in healing.
In the year 1034, Coirten Ua Maebuain, Lord of Dealbhna, was killed by some of his clansmen, on the threshold of Disert Tola church. In punishment for this sacrilegious and unnatural murder, the perpetrator of the crime was killed the very same hour he perpetrated the treacherous act.
# René Piller

René Piller (born 23 April 1965 in Héricourt, Haute-Saône) is a retired male race walker from France, who competed in three Summer Olympics during his career.

## Achievements

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Event | Notes |
| Representing France ||||||
| 1989 | World Race Walking Cup | L'Hospitalet, Spain | 12th | 50 km | 3:56:06 |
| 1989 | Jeux de la Francophonie | Casablanca, Morocco | 4th | 20 km | 1:35:27 |
| 1990 | European Championships | Split, Yugoslavia | 12th | 50 km | 4:05:39 |
| 1991 | World Race Walking Cup | San Jose, United States | 10th | 50 km | 3:55:48 |
| 1991 | World Championships | Tokyo, Japan | 8th | 50 km | 4:06:30 |
| 1992 | Olympic Games | Barcelona, Spain | 15th | 50 km | 4:02:40 |
| 1993 | World Race Walking Cup | Monterrey, Mexico | 12th | 50 km | 4:02:33 |
| 1993 | World Championships | Stuttgart, Germany | 6th | 50 km | 3:48:57 |
| 1994 | European Championships | Helsinki, Finland | — | 50 km | DQ |
| 1995 | World Race Walking Cup | Beijing, PR China | 7th | 50 km | 3:45:56 |
| 1995 | World Championships | Gothenburg, Sweden | 8th | 50 km | 3:49:47 |
| 1996 | Olympic Games | Atlanta, U.S. | 19th | 50 km | 3:58:00 |
| 1997 | World Championships | Athens, Greece | 11th | 50 km | 3:55:06 |
| 1998 | European Championships | Budapest, Hungary | 9th | 50 km | 3:51:03 |
| 1999 | World Championships | Seville, Spain | 9th | 50 km | 3:56:39 |
| 2000 | European Race Walking Cup | Eisenhüttenstadt, Germany | 4th | 50 km | 3:47:49 |
| 2000 | Olympic Games | Sydney, Australia | — | 50 km | DNF |
| 2001 | European Race Walking Cup | Dudince, Slovakia | 11th | 50 km | 3:52:18 |
| 2001 | World Championships | Edmonton, Canada | 27th | 50 km | 4:10:54 |
| 2002 | European Championships | Munich, Germany | 18th | 50 km | 4:07:20 |
# Seven basic tools of quality

* Cause-and-effect diagram
* Check sheet
* Control chart
* Histogram
* Pareto chart
* Scatter diagram
* Flow chart
* Run chart
The seven basic tools of quality are a fixed set of visual exercises identified as being most helpful in troubleshooting issues related to quality. They are called basic because they are suitable for people with little formal training in statistics and because they can be used to solve the vast majority of quality-related issues.

## Overview

The seven tools are:
* Cause-and-effect diagram (also known as the "fishbone diagram" or Ishikawa diagram)
* Check sheet
* Control chart
* Histogram
* Pareto chart
* Scatter diagram
* Stratification (alternatively, flow chart or run chart)
The designation arose in postwar Japan, inspired by the seven famous weapons of Benkei. It was possibly introduced by Kaoru Ishikawa who in turn was influenced by a series of lectures W. Edwards Deming had given to Japanese engineers and scientists in 1950. At that time, companies that had set about training their workforces in statistical quality control found that the complexity of the subject intimidated most of their workers and scaled back training to focus primarily on simpler methods which suffice for most quality-related issues. The Project Management Institute references the seven basic tools in A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge as an example of a set of general tools useful for planning or controlling project quality.
The seven basic tools stand in contrast to more advanced statistical methods such as survey sampling, acceptance sampling, statistical hypothesis testing, design of experiments, multivariate analysis, and various methods developed in the field of operations research.
# Barrow Mansion

The Dr. William Barrow Mansion is located at 83 Wayne Street between Barrow Street and Jersey Avenue in Downtown Jersey City, Hudson County, New Jersey, United States. The mansion was added to the National Register of Historic Places on May 2, 1977, and is located within the Van Vorst Park Historic District, which itself was dedicated on March 5, 1980, and is roughly bounded by Railroad Avenue, and Henderson, Grand, Bright, and Monmouth Streets.
The house was one of two similar homes constructed by Cornelius Van Vorst, a founder of the Township of Van Vorst and mayor of Jersey City from 1860 to 1862. The Van Vorsts were a prominent family who trace their North American roots to the third superintendent of the patroonship Pavonia, whose bowery was located at nearby Harsimus. The family lends its name to the nearby Van Vorst Park which was part of the township. Cornelius Van Vorst's sister Eliza was married to Dr. William Barrow.
Built between 1835–1837 and also known as the Ionic House, the wooden Greek Revival structure has five Ionic columns around a two-story portico. The columns divide the building into four equal bays, effecting an offset center hall. As the columns are evenly spaced, the front door is not in the center, but set off to the right. The interior, of late Federal/early Greek Revival style with some Victorian décor, features a ballroom, carved Italian marble fireplaces and twelve-foot ceilings.
The mansion stood alongside the Van Vorst Mansion, separated only by a lawn, and near the Van Vorst family farmhouse. In 1874 Van Vorst sold his home to Dr. Benjamin Edge and it was later demolished in the 1920s.
The YMCA bought the Barrow Mansion in the 1890s, adding a rifle range and gymnasium. St. Matthew's Evangelical Lutheran Church purchased the residence in 1897 and used it as a parish house. The pistol range was converted to a two-lane bowling alley in the basement. The following year, St. Matthew's Church was built on the lawn between the Barrow and Van Vorst mansions. The church flourished until the 1920s and the former mansion and parish house became a lively and popular social center.
As the neighborhood changed in the post-war era, the mansion fell into disrepair. In 1984 the Barrow Mansion Development Corporation (BMDC) was founded to renovate the mansion and operate it as a center for community service. The BMDC's board is composed of members from St. Matthew's Lutheran Church and the wider community. The BMDC leases the mansion from church, and received grants in 1992 and 1995 from the New Jersey Historic Trust and other grantors for building restoration. The mansion currently provides office space to small businesses and non-profits, is home to the Attic Ensemble theater company and Jersey City Children's Theater, and hosts Hudson County's largest number of twelve-step groups and other community meetings (over 1100 in 2010).
# Tian'edang Lu station

Tian'edang Lu (Chinese: 天鹅荡路) is a station of Line 7 of the Suzhou Rail Transit system. The station is located in the Wuzhong District of Suzhou. Prior to the opening of Line 7 in October 2024, the station formed part of the Line 4 Muli branch. It has been in use since April 15, 2017, when Line 4 first opened.
# Republic Building (Washington, D.C.)

The Republic Building is a high-rise building in Washington, D.C. The building rises 13 floors and 157 feet (48 m) in height. It was designed by architectural firm Smith McMahon Architects, and was completed in 1991. As of July 2008, the structure stands as the 24th-tallest building in the city, tied in rank with 1620 L Street, 1333 H Street, 1000 Connecticut Avenue, 1111 19th Street, 1010 Mass, the Army and Navy Club Building and the Watergate Hotel and Office Building. The Republic Building is composed entirely of commercial office space.
# Henry Ware Jr.

Henry Ware Jr. (April 21, 1794 – September 22, 1843) was an influential Unitarian theologian, early member of the faculty of Harvard Divinity School, and first president of the Harvard Musical Association. He was a mentor of Ralph Waldo Emerson when Emerson studied for the ministry in the 1820s.
The son of Henry Ware, he was born in Hingham, Massachusetts. After attending Phillips Academy in Andover, Massachusetts, and completing his Harvard A.B. in 1812, Ware was minister of the Unitarian Second Church in Boston beginning in 1817. In 1830 Ware left the Second Church's pulpit, with Emerson replacing him there, and moved to Harvard Divinity School. In 1831 he published On the Formation of the Christian Character, a manual on morality and his best-known work. After Emerson's "Divinity School Address" in 1838, whose radical and unorthodox ideas greatly displeased many of the University faculty, Ware became more distant from his former student and friend, delivering the sermon "The Personality of the Deity" as a rebuttal of Emerson's views in the same year.
In 1846 a biographical memoir of Henry Ware Jr. was published by his brother John Ware.
# Alcohol sachet

An alcohol sachet is a small sealed soft plastic pouch containing an alcoholic beverage. They are popular in Africa as a format for inexpensive liquor and have been banned in several African nations due to concerns of public health and civil order.

## Prohibitions

Alcohol sachets were banned:
* 2004 in Kenya
* 2015 in Malawi
* 2016 in Cameroon
* 2017 in Tanzania
# Estadio Jorge "Calero" Suárez

Estadio Jorge "Calero" Suarez is a stadium located in the city of Metapán, El Salvador. It is the largest stadium in Metapán, and is used mostly for football matches. The stadium is the home of Isidro Metapán of the First Division of El Salvador, and has been remodeled several times to be to meet the standards of Concacaf matches.

## Opening

The modest stadium was built at the beginning of the 1940s and was until 1995 the mayor of that time, it was proposed to remodel the stadium and rename it. After its construction in 1996, a tribute to goalkeeper metapaneco with which he was named the stadium and its subsequent opening surrendered.

## History

The stadium Metapan "Jorge 'Calero' Suarez Landaverde" Named after the former goalkeeper of the selection of the 70, Jorge 'Calero' Suarez Landaverde. "The Willows" was the first name of the municipal court of the city of Metapan, in honor of the number of trees of the family that had polvozo around the ground. Sixty years ago, back in the early 1940s. Isidro Menendez, then next to Metapan, had its location on this court.
In 1995, an alderman of the municipal government in turn proposed to rename. They said it could take the name of the goalkeeper, leader of the metapaneco football. Thus it was that in 1996, after the completion of the work, which included the bleachers the east side and roof-1 was given a tribute in life he was selected national and member of several national, Guatemalans and even Canadian teams.
To date, the stadium is known and the name of the 'Calero' Suarez. Among the rest of the 1999-2000 and 2000-2001 seasons when Isidro Metapan was in the Liga de Ascenso, it allowed the mayor's proposal, Gumercindo Landaverde, would include the main points engramillado and stadium lighting. Later that year, the engramillado and lighting were engendered by the previous government edilicio Metapan.

## Facilities and Capacity

It has a capacity to accommodate about 10,000 people, the second largest stadium in Western El Salvador and one of the four licensed stadiums to host international soccer events.
* The stadium has 4 lighting towers
* Radio booths
* new Dressing
* new bathrooms
* interior and exterior painting
* Perimeter wall
# Kingsley Chinkuli

General Kingsley Chinkuli is a retired Zambian military general who is the first indigenous Zambian Army Commander and was appointed on 28 December 1970, at the age of 27, by then President Kenneth Kaunda, taking over from Major General T.S. Reids after Zambia got its independence. This appointment marked a significant transition in the Zambian military, as leadership roles had previously been predominantly held by officers seconded from the British Army.

## Early life and military career

Born in Liteta Village, Central Province, Chinkuli emerged from the royal family of the Liteta Chieftainship. Despite his regal lineage, his childhood unfolded as a herdsboy, steeped in rural traditions. Cattle herding, hunting, and farming dominated his early years, punctuated by traditional training that instilled leadership traits and a deep sense of community responsibility. Chinkuli was one of the first three Zambians sent to the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst in the United Kingdom for officer military training. Upon completing his studies, he returned to Zambia and quickly advanced through the ranks. By 1976, he had become the Commander of the Zambia National Defence Force, overseeing the Army, Airforce, and Zambia National Service (ZNS), and also served as Deputy Minister of Defence. For six years, he expanded, grew, and improved the army. During his military career, he led efforts in the liberation struggles in the region, a mission that President Kaunda had committed the country to.

## Political roles

In 1977, Chinkuli transitioned to a political career, initially becoming Minister of Mines. In 1978, he was elevated to a full cabinet minister in charge of Power, Transport, and Communications. Throughout the next decade, he served in several ministerial positions, including Minister of Youth and Sport, Minister of Agriculture and Water Development, Minister of Labour, Social Development and Culture, and Minister of Home Affairs. He played a crucial role in overseeing Zambia's transition from a one-party state to a multi-party democracy in the 1990s.

## Personal life

General Chinkuli continues to contribute to national development. He is the Country Manager of First Quantum Minerals (FQM) in Kalumbila and remains active. Additionally, he has established the General Kingsley Chinkuli Foundation, which aims to provide welfare support and resources for ex-servicemen while promoting awareness of Zambia's military history and its connection to national development. The foundation was launched alongside his book, "Reigning In Chaos: Chinkuli and the Genius of Command," which reflects on his experiences and insights from his military career.
# Lokdal

Lokdal or Lok Dal is an Indian political party based on agriculture policies, founded by former Prime Minister Charan Singh. It was founded on 26 September 1979 by merging Janata Party (Secular), Socialist Party (Limaye) and Orissa Janata Party. Charan Singh was elected president of Lok Dal and Raj Narain, its working president.
In August 1982, major split occurred in Lok Dal, with one faction of Charan Singh and another consisted of Karpoori Thakur, Madhu Limaye, Biju Patnaik, Devi Lal, George Fernandes, Kumbha Ram Arya. The rebels were upset because of Charan Singh's dissociation with the coordination committee set up to facilitate the merger of the Lok Dal, Janata Party and Congress (Secular). Later, in January 1983, Lok Dal led by Karpoori Thakur merged into Janata Party.
On 21 October 1984, Lok Dal, Democratic Socialist Party of Hemwati Nandan Bahuguna, Rashtriya Congress of Ratubhai Adani, and some leaders of Janata Party including Devi Lal merged together and formed Dalit Mazdoor Kisan Party. Later it changed its name back to the Lok Dal.
In February 1987, Lok Dal was split into two factions, Lok Dal (A) of Ajit Singh and Lok Dal (B) of Hemwati Nandan Bahuguna. Ajit Singh removed Mulayam Singh Yadav, who was Lok Dal's leader in UP Legislative Assembly and made Satyapal Singh Yadav as Lok Dal's leader.
In May 1988, Ajit Singh merged Lok Dal into Janata Party and became president of Janata Party.
A splinter group led by Sunil Singh is still active in Uttar Pradesh as 'Lok Dal'.

## Prominent members

* Charan Singh, founder of Lok Dal and former Prime Minister of India.
* Biju Patnaik, former Chief Minister of Odisha.
* Devi Lal, former Deputy Prime Minister of India.
* Kumbha Ram Arya.
* Karpoori Thakur.
* Madhu Limaye.
* Hemwati Nandan Bahuguna, former Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh and worked as acting-president of Lok Dal between 1986 – 1987.
* Ajit Singh.
* Subramanian Swamy, was in Lok Dal between 1984 – 1988 and served as general secretary of Lok Dal.
* Satya Prakash Malaviya, was general secretary of Lok Dal.
* Ram Vilas Paswan, was general secretary of Lok Dal.
* Sharad Yadav, was general secretary of Lok Dal.
* Mulayam Singh Yadav, was Lok Dal's leader in Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly.
* Satya Pal Malik, was general secretary of Lok Dal.
* Khurshid Ahmed, Member of Parliament of Faridabad from Lok Dal.