OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Liahona Preparatory Academy

Liahona Preparatory Academy is a tuition-funded private school offering instruction to students through their online distance education program hosted on Cognia and at their physical campus. The school is named after a reported artifact described in The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS) scripture The Book of Mormon which adherents believe functioned as a compass. The school's curriculum centers around LDS-based “Restorative Education” principles.
As of 2024, Liahona Preparatory Academy had an average ACT score of 25, below the average score of 27 for Utah private high schools, tying for #11 out of 13 private high schools in Utah, based on ACT scores.

## Restoration Education

Restoration Education at Liahona Preparatory Academy integrates Latter-day Saint (LDS) doctrines into its academic curriculum.

## Extracurriculars
### Athletics

As of 2024, Liahona Preparatory Academy is part of the Utah School Sports Alliance (USSA), and the Utah High School Activities Association (UHSAA). Their teams are called the "Liahona Warriors".

### Theatre

Liahona's theatre department produces 3-6 shows each year in their on-campus black box theater. Liahona's High-school division won the Utah Shakespeare Festival 1st place sweepstakes in 2014, 2016, 2017, and 2018. Their Jr. High team won the Utah Shakespeare Festival 1st place sweepstakes in 2015, and 2016.

### Trips

Each year, Liahona students have the opportunity to attend a week-long, chaperoned youth conference at BYU's family campground in Aspen Grove. Additionally, students can occasionally participate in service trips to various locations, previous trips included; the Mexico Yucatán area, a Navajo reservation, and the Philippines. The school also organizes paid sight-seeing "super trips" to destinations such as Boston, Washington D.C., Philadelphia, Mexico, and Gettysburg. Prom is held annually for students aged 14 and older.

## Controversy

In 2013, Broch Clyde DeGraff, the son of Brent and Kolleen DeGraff, founders of Liahona Preparatory Academy, was arrested for sexually abusing two 16-year-old female students. The abuse occurred between October 2011 and June 2012 and involved grooming, text messages, and physical encounters at both the school and DeGraff's home. DeGraff, who was a teacher and the soccer coach at the school, was in a position of trust and authority, which he exploited to commit his offenses. Broch DeGraff pleaded guilty to two counts of forcible sexual abuse and four counts of attempted sexual abuse, and was sentenced to up to 20 years in prison.
# Steerage (disambiguation)

Steerage is a lower deck of a ship
Steerage may also refer to:
* Steering#Watercraft, the act of steering a ship
* The Steerage, an Alfred Stieglitz photograph
# 23rd Writers Guild of America Awards

The 23rd Writers Guild of America Awards honored the best film writers and television writers of 1970. Winners were announced in 1971.

## Winners and nominees
### Film

Winners are listed first highlighted in boldface.
| Best Drama Written Directly for the Screenplay Patton, Written by Francis Ford Coppola and Edmund H. North Five Easy Pieces, Written by Carole Eastman; Story by Bob Rafelson and Carole Eastman Love Story, Written by Erich Segal | Best Comedy Written Directly for the Screenplay The Out of Towners, Written by Neil Simon The Private Life of Sherlock Holmes, Written by Billy Wilder and I.A.L. Diamond Quackser Fortune Has a Cousin in the Bronx, Written by Gabriel Walsh Start the Revolution Without Me, Written by Fred Freeman and Lawrence J. Cohen The Cheyenne Social Club, Written by James Lee Barrett |
| Best Drama Adapted from Another Medium I Never Sang for My Father, Screenplay by Robert Anderson; Based on "I Never Sang for My Father" by him Airport, Screenplay by George Seaton; Based on the novel by Arthur Hailey Catch-22, Screenplay by Buck Henry; Based on the novel by Joseph Heller Little Big Man, Screenplay by Calder Willingham; Based on the novel by Thomas Berger The Great White Hope, Screenplay by Howard Sackler; Based on the play by Howard Sackler | Best Comedy Adapted from Another Medium MASH, Screenplay by Ring Lardner Jr.; Based on the novel by Richard Hooker Lovers and Other Strangers, Screenplay by Renée Taylor, Joseph Bologna and David Zelag Goodman; Based on the play by Joseph Bologna and Renée Taylor The Owl and the Pussycat, Screenplay by Buck Henry; Based on the play by Bill Manhoff The Twelve Chairs, Screenplay by Mel Brooks; Based on the novel by Ilya Ilf and Yevgeni Petro Where's Poppa?, Screenplay by Robert Klane; Based on his novel |

### Television

| Episodic Comedy "The Valediciton" – Room 222 (ABC) – Richard de Roy "The Fourth Estate" – My World and Welcome to It (NBC) – Lila Garrett and Bernie Kahn "Funny Money" – Room 222 (ABC) – Steven Pritzker "Check the check" – The Governor & JJ (CBS) – Arne Sultan and Earl Barret | Episodic Drama "A Continual Roar of Musketry: Part 1 & 2" – The Bold Ones: The Senator (NBC) – David W. Rintels "Meanwhile Back at the Studio" – Bracken's World (NBC) – Joseph Bonaduce "Infinity" – Bracken's World (NBC) – Cliff Gould "Trouble in Mind" – Hawaii Five-O (CBS) – Mel Goldberg and Sasha Gilien "The Glass Prison" – The Young Lawyers (ABC) – John W. Bloch |

### Special awards

Laurel Award for Screenwriting Achievement :
* James Poe |
* Valentine Davies Award |
* Daniel Taradash |
* Morgan Cox Award |
* Leonard Spigelgass |
* Edmund J North Award |
* Lamar Trotti |
# Walter Wolf (politician)

Walter Wolf (27 February 1907 in Gotha – 2 April 1977 in Potsdam) was a German politician and member of the Communist Party of Germany (KPD).
Wolf was the culture minister of Thuringia from 1945 until 1947.
# Stroud House (Bentonville, Arkansas)

The Stroud House is a historic house at SE F Street and East Central Avenue in Bentonville, Arkansas. It is a 1+1⁄2-story wood-frame structure, with asymmetrical massing and decorative shinglework typical of the Queen Anne style, and a shed-roof front porch supported by Colonial Revival columns. It is a high-quality local example of this transitional style of architecture, built in 1903 by Daniel Boone Laine and Delila Laine. The property also includes remnants of a 1925 gas station.
The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1986.
# José Manuel Abundis

José Manuel Abundis Sandoval (born 11 June 1973) is a Mexican former professional footballer who played as a forward.

## Career

Abundis last played for Querétaro F.C. in 2008. He made his debut for the New England Revolution in Major League Soccer on 30 September 2006, scoring the second goal in a 3–1 victory against Columbus Crew SC, but was not re-signed at the end of the season, following disputes with coach Steve Nicol over playing time.
He represented Mexico at the 1996 Summer Olympics and the 1999 FIFA Confederations Cup. He scored 3 goals in the tournament, including one in the final.
Abundis served as head coach of Atlanta Silverbacks during the 2011 North American Soccer League season. He was fired by Atlanta on 7 November 2011.
On 18 June 2019. Abundis was appointed as head coach of Petroleros de Poza Rica, a team that plays in the Mexican Third Division.

## Career statistics
### International goals

    Scores and results list Mexico's goal tally first.
| Goal | Date | Venue | Opponent | Score | Result | Competition |
| 1. | 19 February 1999 | Hong Kong Stadium, Wan Chai, Hong Kong | Egypt | 2–0 | 3–0 | 1999 Lunar New Year Cup |
| 2. | 13 March 1999 | Qualcomm Stadium, San Diego, United States | United States | 2–1 | 2–1 | 1999 U.S. Cup |
| 3. | 25 July 1999 | Estadio Azteca, Mexico City, Mexico | Saudi Arabia | 3–0 | 5–1 | 1999 FIFA Confederations Cup |
| 4. | 27 July 1999 | Estadio Azteca, Mexico City, Mexico | Egypt | 2–0 | 2–2 | 1999 FIFA Confederations Cup |
| 5. | 4 August 1999 | Estadio Azteca, Mexico City, Mexico | Brazil | 2–0 | 4–3 | 1999 FIFA Confederations Cup |
| 6. | 19 January 2000 | Estadio Tecnológico, Monterrey, Mexico | Romania | 3–1 | 3–1 | Friendly |
| 7. | 5 July 2000 | Estadio Tecnológico, Monterrey, Mexico | Venezuela | 2–1 | 2–1 | Friendly |
| 8. | 15 August 2000 | Estadio Azteca, Mexico City, Mexico | Canada | 1–0 | 2–0 | 2002 FIFA World Cup qualification |
| 9. | 3 September 2000 | Estadio Azteca, Mexico City, Mexico | Panama | 2–0 | 7–1 | 2002 FIFA World Cup qualification |
| 10. | 16 June 2001 | Estadio Azteca, Mexico City, Mexico | Costa Rica | 1–0 | 1–2 | 2002 FIFA World Cup qualification |

## Honours

Toluca
* Mexican Primera División: Verano 1998, Verano 1999, Verano 2000, Apertura 2005
Mexico
* FIFA Confederations Cup: 1999
# Salvador Guardiola

Salvador Guardiola Torá (born 5 September 1988) is a Spanish cyclist, who last rode for UCI Continental team Kinan Cycling Team.

## Major results
### 2012

    10th Overall Tour of Greece

### 2014

    8th Tour de Okinawa

### 2015

    3rd Overall Tour de Hokkaido

### 2016

    5th Overall Sharjah International Cycling Tour
    7th Overall Tour de Filipinas
    9th UAE Cup

### 2017

    4th Klasika Primavera
    5th Overall Tour de Tochigi
       1st Stage 1
    5th Overall Tour of China II
    6th Overall Tour de Hokkaido
    7th Overall Tour de Filipinas
    9th Overall Tour de Korea

### 2018

    5th Overall Tour de Kumano
    9th Overall Tour de Ijen

### 2019

    4th Overall Tour of Thailand
    6th Overall Tour de Siak
# FC Probiy Horodenka

Football Club Probiy (Ukrainian: Футбольний клуб Пробій) is a Ukrainian professional football team from a small city of Horodenka in Prykarpattia. The club currently play in Ukrainian Second League, the Ukrainian third tier of football league.

## History

The club was established back in 1924 in the Second Polish Republic as one of Ukrainian sports organizations. It participated in lower-level competitions of the Lwów District League or separate Ukrainian sports events. Following occupation of eastern parts of Poland by the Soviet troops in 1939, all existing clubs were liquidated and replaced with "proletarian" sports organizations (Spartak, Dynamo, DO, others). In Horodenka was created a team of the agricultural sports organization "Kolos" which was named Tsukrovyk originally and later Kolos and Dnister. During the Soviet period the team did not record any significant achievements at regional level and never participated in competitions beyond those that were organized between the collectives of physical culture (KFK).
In the beginning of 1990s, the club returned to its original name. During the 1993–94 season Probiy places second behind Naftovyk Dolyna at the Ivano-Frankivsk football championship. In 1995 and 1996 the club reached finals of the regional football cup competition where twice met with Pokuttia Kolomyia and beating them at the 1996 cup final in extra time. Finally in 1998–99 and 2001 Probiy managed to become champions of the Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast (Prykarpattia).
At the national level Probiy debuted in 1994.

## Current squad

    As of 14 August 2024
Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules; some limited exceptions apply. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.
| No. | Pos. | Nation | Player |
| 1 | GK | UKR | Roman Serdyuk |
| 2 | DF | UKR | Volodymyr Radulskyi |
| 3 | DF | UKR | Ivan Bilyi |
| 4 | DF | UKR | Yaroslav Parkhuts |
| 5 | DF | UKR | Volodymyr Savchyn |
| 7 | MF | UKR | Mykola Sikach |
| 8 | MF | UKR | Bohdan Dryhan |
| 9 | FW | UKR | Stanislav Vasylenko |
| 10 | MF | UKR | Bohdan Orynchak |
| 11 | MF | UKR | Ivan Sondey |
| 12 | GK | UKR | Artem Krekhovetskyi |
| 13 | DF | UKR | Ihor Bilyk |
| No. | Pos. | Nation | Player |
| 14 | FW | UKR | Eduard Klyuchko |
| 15 | MF | UKR | Ruslan Kharuk |
| 17 | MF | UKR | Volodymyr Ivanychuk |
| 19 | MF | UKR | Ivan Dmytruk |
| 21 | DF | UKR | Andriy Rizhko |
| 22 | MF | UKR | Rostyslav Voloshynovych |
| 24 | GK | UKR | Ivan Pitsan |
| 30 | DF | UKR | Vladyslav Felipovych |
| 31 | MF | UKR | Roman Borysevych |
| 44 | DF | UKR | Vitaliy Parkhuts |
| 96 | FW | UKR | Roman Dytko |

## League and cup history

    Season Div. Pos. Pl. W D L GS GA P Domestic Cup Europe Notes 1994–95 4th Group 2 3$_{/13}$ 24 15 2 7 32 20 47 withdrew 1995–2023 competed at regional level 2023–24 4th Group 1 5$_{/11}$ 20 7 8 5 27 21 29 Admitted to Druha Liha

## Presidents and nachalniki

* 2012 Stepan Chyzhevskyi (president)
* 2022– Vitaliy Shevaha (president)
* 2023– Volodymyr Dumanskyi (nachalnik)
* 2023– Volodymyr Borysevych (sports director)

## Head coaches

* 2012 Ihor Melnychuk
* 2023– Volodymyr Kovalyuk
# Pierre de Montaut

Pierre de Montaut (28 June 1892 – 18 August 1974) was an architect and French sailor who competed in the 1936 Summer Olympics.
In the regatta held during the 1936 Summer Olympics, he competed in the Star class class, placing 7th. Along with his second wife, Adrienne Górska, de Montaut designed numerous buildings.
# 2025 FIL World Luge Championships – Men's doubles

The Men's doubles competition at the 2025 FIL World Luge Championships was held on 7 February 2025.

## Results

The race was started at 14:01.
| Rank | Bib | Name | Country | Run 1 | Rank | Run 2 | Rank | Total | Diff |
| | 5 | Hannes Orlamünder Paul Gubitz | Germany | 38.268 | 1 | 38.270 | 1 | 1:16.538 | |
| | 14 | Mārtiņš Bots Roberts Plūme | Latvia | 38.357 | 4 | 38.283 | 2 | 1:16.640 | +0.102 |
| | 15 | Tobias Wendl Tobias Arlt | Germany | 38.314 | 2 | 38.357 | 5 | 1:16.671 | +0.133 |
| 4 | 13 | Thomas Steu Wolfgang Kindl | Austria | 38.348 | 3 | 38.346 | 3 | 1:16.694 | +0.156 |
| 5 | 10 | Toni Eggert Florian Müller | Germany | 38.466 | 7 | 38.355 | 4 | 1:16.821 | +0.283 |
| 6 | 12 | Yannick Müller Armin Frauscher | Austria | 38.448 | 6 | 38.400 | 7 | 1:16.848 | +0.310 |
| 7 | 4 | Marcus Mueller Ansel Haugsjaa | United States | 38.392 | 5 | 38.464 | 8 | 1:16.856 | +0.318 |
| 8 | 9 | Ivan Nagler Fabian Malleier | Italy | 38.547 | 10 | 38.369 | 6 | 1:16.916 | +0.378 |
| 9 | 11 | Juri Gatt Riccardo Schöpf | Austria | 38.502 | 9 | 38.492 | 9 | 1:16.994 | +0.456 |
| 10 | 8 | Zack DiGregorio Sean Hollander | United States | 38.553 | 11 | 38.501 | 10 | 1:17.054 | +0.516 |
| 11 | 3 | Eduards Ševics-Mikeļševics Lūkass Krasts | Latvia | 38.469 | 8 | 38.626 | 11 | 1:17.095 | +0.557 |
| 12 | 16 | Devin Wardrope Cole Zajanski | Canada | 38.639 | 12 | 38.659 | 13 | 1:17.298 | +0.760 |
| 13 | 7 | Wojciech Chmielewski Jakub Kowalewski | Poland | 38.680 | 13 | 38.632 | 12 | 1:17.312 | +0.774 |
| 14 | 6 | Emanuel Rieder Simon Kainzwaldner | Italy | 38.820 | 14 | 38.679 | 14 | 1:17.499 | +0.961 |
| 15 | 2 | Tomáš Vaverčák Matej Zmij | Slovakia | 38.823 | 15 | 39.061 | 15 | 1:17.884 | +1.346 |
| 16 | 17 | Vasile Gîtlan Darius Şerban | Romania | 39.209 | 16 | 39.154 | 16 | 1:18.363 | +1.825 |
| 17 | 1 | Ihor Hoi Nazarii Kachmar | Ukraine | 39.757 | 18 | 39.183 | 17 | 1:18.940 | +2.402 |
| 18 | 18 | Tudor Handaric Sebastian Motzca | Romania | 39.575 | 17 | 39.855 | 18 | 1:19.430 | +2.892 |
# Stroud Mansion

Stroud Mansion is an historic house located in Stroudsburg, Monroe County, Pennsylvania.
It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1979.

## History and architectural features

Built circa 1795, this historic structure is a 3+1⁄2-story building with a pedimented gable roof and a 2+1⁄2-story rear wing. The main section measures fifty feet by forty feet, with the rear wing measuring twenty-eight feet by twenty-four feet, four inches.
Built by Stroudsburg's founder Jacob Stroud for his son, John Stroud, it remained in the Stroud family until 1893, although it was leased for a time for use as a store and as a boarding house. It now houses the Monroe County Historical Association.
It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1979.
# MaK G 1201 BB

The MaK G 1201 BB is a four axle B'B' diesel-hydraulic off-centre cab locomotive built by the Maschinenbau Kiel in German. The locomotive is designed for shunting and freight work, such as found on industrial railways.

## Description

Only one example of this locomotive was built, later orders for a similar purpose were fulfilled by the MaK G 1203 BB which replaced the MTU 331 engine with a MTU 396 engine of increased power.
The locomotive has worked since 1980 at Solvay's plant nr. Rheinberg, Germany.
# Wisdom of Our Fathers

Wisdom of Our Fathers: Lessons and Letters from Daughters and Sons is a book written by Tim Russert. On July 2, 2006 it was listed at #1 on The New York Times Non-Fiction Best Seller list.
# Malibu Hindu Temple

Malibu Hindu Temple is a Hindu temple built in the traditional South Indian style, and dedicated to the worship of the Hindu god Venkateswara. It is located in the Santa Monica Mountains, in the city of Calabasas near Malibu, California.

## Overview

The founding president of the Temple was Vasan Srinivasan, a civil engineer living in the Los Angeles area. Srinivasan was instrumental in raising funds from local families, overseeing construction and bringing the priests from India. During the early 1990s, Dr. Parameswar Mahadevan, an atomic physicist and one of the individuals involved in the Temple’s founding, served as president. Later, and until his death in July 2017, Indian American tax consultant Nadadur Vardhan served as the temple's president. Nadadur S. Kumar is the current president of the temple.

## Architecture and Deities

The complex has two temples – the upper temple with Venkateswara as the presiding deity and the lower temple with Shiva as the presiding deity. Both temples are constructed of concrete to emulate the Dravidian architectural style. In addition to the presiding deity, both temples have shrines for other deities. The complex includes a smaller shrine at each of the four corners, dedicated to Rama, Lakshmi, Bhoodevi, and Krishna. It also has a fifth shrine dedicated to Hanuman.

## Notable visitors

In January 2006, the pop-star singer Britney Spears had her 4-month-old son blessed in a large ceremony by the Hindu priests of this temple. Congressman Brad Sherman also spoke at the temple on a few occasions.
# Dvorak

Dvořák (feminine Dvořáková) is a Czech surname, originally referring to a servant or an official of manorial estate or royal court. Notable people include:

## People
### Dvořák or Dvorak
#### Arts

* Ann Dvorak (1912–1979), American film actress (stage name)
* Antonín Dvořák (1841–1904), Czech composer
* František Dvořák (painter), (1862–1927), Czech painter
* Josef Dvořák (born 1942), Czech actor
* Max Dvořák (1874–1921), Austrian art historian
* Tomáš Dvořák (born 1978), Czech composer
* Christian Dvorak (born 1969), American hockey player

#### Science

* August Dvorak (1894–1975), co-creator of the Dvorak keyboard layout
* Harold F. Dvorak, American pathologist and vascular researcher
* John C. Dvorak (born 1952), computer-industry columnist and new-media personality
* Vernon Dvorak (1928–2022), meteorologist, developer of method to estimate tropical-cyclone intensity

#### Sports

* Bedřich Dvořák, canoeist
* Ben Dvorak, NFL football player
* Bill Dvořák (born 1958), American pioneering whitewater rafter
* Christian Dvorak (born 1996), American ice hockey player
* David Dvořák, Czech mixed-martial artist
* Dominik Dvořák (born 1992), Czech bobsledder
* Dusty Dvorak (born 1958), American volleyball player
* Filip Dvořák (canoeist) (born 1988), Czech canoeist
* Filip Dvořák (ice hockey, born 1976), Czech ice hockey player
* Filip Dvořák (ice hockey, born 1997), Czech ice hockey player
* Karel Dvořák (biathlete), Czechoslovak cross-country skier
* Libor Dvořák canoeist
* Milan Dvořák (1934–2022), Czechoslovak footballer
* Miroslav Dvořák (ice hockey) (1951–2008), Czechoslovak ice hockey player
* Oldřich Dvořák, Czech wrestler
* Pavel Dvořák (born 1989), Czech footballer
* Radek Dvořák (born 1977), Czech NHL ice hockey player
* Tomáš Dvořák (born 1972), Czech decathlon and heptathlon athlete

#### Politics

* Oskar Dvořák (born 1991), Slovak politician

### Dvořáková or Dvorakova

* Denisa Dvořáková (born 1989), Czech model
* Eva Švankmajerová (née Dvořáková; 1940–2005), Czech surrealist artist
* Helena Dvořáková (born 1979), Czech actress
* Veronika Dvořáková (born 2000), Czech handball player

### Dvorschák, Dworschak or Dworshak

* Gábor Dvorschák (born 1989), Hungarian football defender
* Henry Dworshak (1894–1962), United States Senator from Idaho
* Leo Ferdinand Dworschak (1900–1976), Roman Catholic Bishop of Fargo

## Other uses

* Dvorak Awards for "excellence in telecommunications"
* Dworshak Dam, a hydroelectric, concrete gravity dam in Clearwater County, Idaho, United States
* Dvorak keyboard layout, an alternative to the QWERTY keyboard layout, named after August Dvorak
* Dworshak National Fish Hatchery, a "mitigation" hatchery
* Dvorak technique, a subjective method of deriving cyclone intensity from satellite imagery
* Dvorak, a computer system in Tom Clancy's Splinter Cell: Chaos Theory
# Hunter process

The Hunter process was the first industrial process to produce pure metallic titanium. It was invented in 1910 by Matthew A. Hunter, a chemist born in New Zealand who worked in the United States. The process involves reducing titanium tetrachloride (TiCl$_4$) with sodium (Na) in a batch reactor with an inert atmosphere at a temperature of 1,000 °C. Diluted hydrochloric acid is then used to leach the salt from the product.
    TiCl$_4$(g) + 4 Na(l) → 4 NaCl(l) + Ti(s)
Prior to the Hunter process, all efforts to produce Ti metal afforded highly impure material, often titanium nitride (which resembles a metal). The Hunter process was used until 1993, when it was replaced by the more economical Kroll process, which was developed in the 1940s. In the Kroll process, TiCl$_4$ is reduced by magnesium instead of sodium. Both methods share the same initial step, obtaining TiCl$_4$ from ore by chlorination and carbothermic reduction of the oxygen. The Kroll process is now the most commonly used titanium smelting process.
The Hunter process was conducted in either one or two steps. If a single step was used the reaction equation is as above. Because of the large amount of heat generated by the reduction using sodium compared to using magnesium, and the difficulty in controlling the vapor pressure of liquid sodium, a two step process may instead be used. The two step processes consisted of reducing TiCl$_4$ to TiCl$_2$ with half the stoichiometric amount of sodium required to reduce TiCl$_4$ to Ti. Next, the TiCl$_2$ in molten sodium chloride is transferred to a different container with the additional sodium required to form Ti. The two step processes proceeded according to the following two reactions:
    TiCl$_4$(g) + 2Na(l) → TiCl$_2$(l, in NaCl) + 2NaCl(l)
    TiCl$_2$(l, in NaCl) + 2Na(l) → Ti(s) + 2NaCl(l)
The titanium produced by the Hunter process is less contaminated by iron and other elements and adheres to the reduction container walls less than in the Kroll process. The titanium produced by the Hunter process is in the form of powder called sponge fines. This form is useful as a raw material in powder metallurgy.
The main limiting factor for the usefulness of the Hunter process is the difficulty of separating the produced NaCl from the titanium. The vapor pressure of NaCl produced in the Hunter process is lower than the vapor pressure of MgCl$_2$ produced by the Kroll process. Thus it is difficult to separate the NaCl from the titanium using distillation in an efficient manner. Therefore, the NaCl is removed by leaching in an aqueous solution. Recovering the byproduct (NaCl) from this aqueous solution is a process that requires additional energy. These issues motivated the discontinuation of the Hunter process in industry in 1993. Research into sodium reduction continues to this day due to the superior form and purity of the metal deposit produced when compared with the Kroll process.