OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Tenth Cabinet of Rashid Karami

The Tenth Cabinet of Rashid Karami was the fifty-sixth cabinet of Lebanon, the second under President Amine Gemayel and the tenth headed by Prime Minister Rashid Karami. It was a national unity coalition and formed on 13 April 1984. President Gemayel asked Karami to form the cabinet although Karami had not been active in politics for four years. The mission of the government was to terminate the civil war in the country which had begun in 1975.
On 4 May 1987 Rashid Karami resigned from the office due to harsh criticism of Samir Geagea who was the head of the Lebanese Forces. His resignation was neither accepted nor rejected by President Gemayel, and Karami assumed the role of caretaker prime minister until his assassination in June 1987. Following this incident Selim Hoss became the acting prime minister and served in the post until September 1988.

## Composition

The cabinet members were as follows:
Tenth Cabinet of Rashid Karami :
| Portfolio | Minister | Political affiliation | Religious affiliation |
| Prime Minister | Rashid Karami | National Salvation Front | Sunni |
| Foreign Affairs | Rashid Karami | National Salvation Front | Sunni |
| Deputy Prime Minister | Victor Kassir | Independent | Greek Orthodox |
| Economy | Victor Kassir | Independent | Greek Orthodox |
| Industry | Victor Kassir | Independent | Greek Orthodox |
| Defence | Adel Osseiran | Independent | Shia |
| Agriculture | Adel Osseiran | Independent | Shia |
| Information | Joseph Skaff | Skaff Bloc | Greek Catholic |
| Housing | Camille Chamoun | National Liberal Party | Maronite |
| Finance | Camille Chamoun | National Liberal Party | Maronite |
| Telecommunications | Pierre Gemayel | Kataeb Party | Maronite |
| Social Affairs | Pierre Gemayel | Kataeb Party | Maronite |
| Health | Pierre Gemayel | Kataeb Party | Maronite |
| Interior | Abdullah Al Rasi | Independent | Greek Orthodox |
| Energy and Water | Nabih Berri | Amal Movement | Shia |
| Justice | Nabih Berri | Amal Movement | Shia |
| Education | Selim Hoss | Independent | Sunni |
| Labour | Selim Hoss | Independent | Sunni |
| Public Works | Walid Jumblatt | Progressive Socialist Party | Druze |
| Tourism | Walid Jumblatt | Progressive Socialist Party | Druze |
# Chaudin

Chaudin (from the French word for stomach), also referred to as ponce or Southern Louisiana Ponce, is a meat dish from southern Louisiana, US, (primarily the southwestern portion of the state). It is a sausage-like variant made from ingredients sewn up in a pig's stomach. The stuffing includes spices, pork, rice (or it can be served over rice) and vegetables including onions and peppers. It can be prepared in a Dutch oven, crock pot, or baked in an oven and is often sold smoked. It is often made with a Holy Trinity Gravy, a roux with brown chopped onion, bell pepper, celery and garlic in water, broth or wine.
Traditional in Cajun cuisine, it is listed on the Ark of Taste. It is served sliced and can be eaten cold or reheated.
# Sohail Asghar

Sohail Asghar (15 June 1954 – 13 November 2021) was a Pakistani TV, film and theater actor.

## Career

Sohail was born in Multan, Pakistan in 1954. After completing his education he joined Radio Pakistan, Lahore, Pakistan. He worked as a Radio Jockey from 1978 to 1988. He was introduced in TV drama Raat by a director at PTV Lahore Nusrat Thakur. He appeared in his first movie Murad in 2003. He got award for Outstanding Performance at the 1st Indus Drama Awards for this film.

## Awards and recognition

He received the PTV Award 'Best Actor' award for 2002 at the 12th PTV Awards ceremony organized to mark 40 years of Pakistan Television.

## Death and legacy

Sohail Asghar died after protracted illness for a year and a half before his death. Lately, he was hospitalized for a week and went through a major stomach surgery in a hospital in Lahore but then he died on 13 November 2021 at age 67.
Sohail Asghar, having been a veteran actor of Pakistani theatre, radio and film, his death was mourned by National Council of the Arts, National Institute of Folk and Traditional Heritage as well as Lok Virsa Museum staffs in Pakistan.

## Filmography

* Murad (2003) (his film debut)
* Mahnoor (2004)
* Victim of an Honor Killing (a British movie about honor killings)

## TV Dramas

* Khafa Khafa Zindagi (2018)
* Teri Meri Love Story (2016)
* Aap ki Kaneez (2014)
* Aashti (2009)
* Chaudhavin Raat (2002) (PTV)
* Laag as Kaku Lala (1998)
* Pyas (1989) (PTV)
* Khuwahish (1993)
* Alao (1994)
* Chand Grehan (1995) (PTV)
* Manchalay Ka Sauda (PTV)
* Kajal Ghar (PTV)
* Khuda Ki Basti (Geo TV Production)

### Awards

| Ceremony | Category | Project | Result |
| PTV Award | Best TV Actor | Chaudhavin Raat (2002) | Won |
| 4th Lux Style Awards | Best TV Actor (Terrestrial) | Mah-e-Neem Shab | Nominated |
| 6th Lux Style Awards | Best TV Actor (Satellite) | Dohri | Nominated |
| 7th Lux Style Awards | Best TV Actor (Satellite) | Vanee | Nominated |
# Mount Keigetsu

Mount Keigetsu (桂月岳, Keigetsu-dake) is located in the Daisetsuzan Volcanic Group of the Ishikari Mountains, Hokkaidō, Japan.
It sits within Daisetsuzan National Park and overlooks the town of Sounkyo.
# Soviet submarine B-39

32°43′15″N 117°10′28″W﻿ / ﻿32.720738°N 117.174320°W﻿ / 32.720738; -117.174320
B-39 was a Project 641 (Foxtrot-class) diesel-electric attack submarine of the Soviet Navy. The "B" (actually "Б") in her designation stands for большая (bolshaya, "large")—Foxtrots were the Soviet Navy's largest non-nuclear submarines.
In 2005, B-39 became a museum ship on display at the Maritime Museum of San Diego, California, United States. In October 2021 the decision was made to withdraw the deteriorating submarine from the collection and scrap her.

## History
### Service history

Her keel was laid down on 9 February 1962 at the Admiralty Shipyard in Leningrad (now known as Saint Petersburg). She was launched on 15 April 1967 and commissioned on 28 December 1967.
Transferred to the 9th Submarine Squadron of the Pacific Fleet, B-39 was homeported in Vladivostok. She conducted patrols and stalked U.S. warships throughout the North Pacific, along the coast of the United States and Canada, and ranging as far as the Indian Ocean and the Arctic Ocean. After the end of the Vietnam War, she often made port visits to Danang. During the early 1970s, B-39 trailed a Canadian frigate through Strait of Juan de Fuca to Vancouver Island.
In 1989, in the Sea of Japan while charging batteries on the surface, B-39 came within 500 yards (460 m; 0.25 nmi) of an Oliver Hazard Perry-class frigate of the US Navy. Both crews took pictures of each other.

### Post-USSR history

B-39 was decommissioned on 1 April 1994 and sold to Finland. She made her way from there through a series of sales to Vancouver Island in 1996 and to Seattle, Washington, in 2002 before arriving in San Diego, California, on 22 April 2005 and becoming an exhibit of the Maritime Museum of San Diego. During her sequence of owners she acquired the names "Black Widow" and "Cobra", neither of which she had during her commissioned career.
When B-39 was made a museum, the shroud around her attack periscope was cut away where it passes through her control room. As built, a Foxtrot's periscopes are only accessible from her conning tower, which is off-limits in the museum. With the shroud cut away, tourists could look through the partially raised periscope (which is directed toward the USS Midway museum, some 500 yards (460 m; 1,500 ft) away). However, the unidentified and unexplained change gave the false impression that one periscope could be used from the control room.
In 2000, while stored in Vancouver, B-39 was used as a stage for scenes in the Stargate SG-1 episode "Small Victories" (S04E01).
In 2010, B-39 was proposed to be sunk to create an offshore diving reef, but an outcry from teachers and enthusiasts ensured the sub would stay on display a while longer.
In 2012, B-39 was a stage for the film Phantom (2013).
During the 2010s, B-39 had become badly rusted with large holes visible in the outer hull and upper deck. In October 2021, the Museum decided to withdraw the submarine from its collection. On February 7, 2022, she headed out to Ensenada, Mexico, to be scrapped.
# 5th Army (France)

The Fifth Army (French: V$^e$ Armée) was a fighting force that participated in World War I. Under its commander, Louis Franchet d'Espèrey, it led the attacks which resulted in the victory at the First Battle of the Marne in 1914.

## World War I
### Commanders

* General Lanrezac (Mobilization – 3 September 1914)
* General Franchet d'Espérey (3 September 1914 – 31 March 1916)
* General Mazel (31 March 1916 – 22 May 1917)
       Fought in the Second Battle of the Aisne
* General Micheler (22 May 1917 – 10 June 1918)
* General Buat (10 June 1918 – 5 July 1918)
* General Berthelot (5 July 1918 – 7 October 1918)
* General Guillaumat (7 October 1918 – Armistice)

### Notable people

During the first World War, Louis II of Monaco served as a Brigadier General.

## World War II
### Commanders

* General Victor Bourret (2 September 1939 – 26 June 1940)
# Sasō Sachū

Sasō Sachū (佐双左仲, June 2, 1852 – November 9, 1905) was a Japanese engineer and naval architect of the Meiji period and a career officer in the Imperial Japanese Navy.

## Biography

Sasō was born in Kanazawa Domain (present day Kanazawa, Ishikawa) as the fourth son of Horio Jirobei, a samurai in the service of the Maeda clan, and was adopted at an early age by the Sasō family. In 1869, he entered the predecessor to the Imperial Japanese Naval Academy, and from 1871 to 1878 was sent to England for further studies. After his return to Japan in January 1879, he was made deputy general manager of the Shipbuilding Division within the Ministry of the Navy. He subsequently travelled to Europe to visit shipyards, and was eventually promoted to commandant of the Yokosuka Naval Arsenal and other posts within the Navy Ministry, rising to the position of Vice Admiral. He was awarded an honorary doctorate of engineering in 1899.

## Reference and further reading

* Cobbing, Andrew (2013). The Japanese Discovery of Victorian Britain. London: Routledge. ISBN 978-1-873410-81-3.
* Evans, David C.; Peattie, Mark R. (1997). Kaigun: Strategy, Tactics, and Technology in the Imperial Japanese Navy, 1887-1941. Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 0-87021-192-7.
* O'Brien, Phillips Payson (2013). Technology and Naval Combat in the Twentieth Century and Beyond. London: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-7146-5125-5.
* This article about a Japanese engineer, inventor or industrial designer is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Ivan Strebkov (basketball)

Ivan Vitalevich Strebkov (Russian: Иван Витальевич Стребков, born July 27, 1991) is a Russian professional basketball player. Standing at 1.93 m (6 ft 4 in), he plays the point guard position.

## Professional career

Strebkov started his professional career in CSKA Moscow back in 2012. On January 3, 2013, Strebkov was sent on loan to Avtodor Saratov for the rest of the season. On July 25, 2013, CSKA Moscow decided to Strebkov keep playing for Avtador Saratov in the upcoming season. He signed with Nizhny Novgorod in 2015. He averaged 6.2 points per game during the 2019-20 season and re-signed with the club on June 30, 2020.
# Battle of Hargeisa (1988)

The Battle of Hargeisa occurred on 31 May 1988 during the Somaliland War of Independence, when the Somali National Movement launched a surprise attack on Hargeisa, a major city in Somaliland.

## Background

In the late 1980s, the SNM intensified its insurgency against the regime of President Siad Barre, seeking autonomy for the northern regions. Hargeisa, being a strategic and symbolic city, became a focal point for SNM operations.

## The Battle

On 31 May 1988, SNM forces, led by Col. Ahmed Mire Mohamed, initiated a coordinated assault on Hargeisa. The operation was meticulously planned, with prior reconnaissance missions conducted to assess government defenses. SNM fighters infiltrated the city from multiple directions, targeting key military installations and government facilities. The surprise attack led to the swift capture of significant portions of the city, although some areas, including the airport, remained under government control.

## Aftermath

The SNM's incursion into Hargeisa prompted a fierce response from government forces, led by Gen. Mohamed Said Hersi Morgan. The Somali National Army (SNA) launched counter-offensives involving heavy artillery and aerial bombardments, resulting in widespread destruction and significant civilian casualties. The battle caused a mass exodus of residents, with many seeking refuge in neighboring regions and countries. Despite initial successes, SNM forces eventually withdrew from Hargeisa due to the overwhelming firepower of government troops.

## Significance

The Battle of Hargeisa was a turning point in the Somaliland War of Independence. It demonstrated the SNM's capability to challenge the Somali government's control over major urban centers. The extensive destruction and humanitarian crisis resulting from the battle drew international attention to the conflict. The events of 31 May 1988 are commemorated in Somaliland as a symbol of resistance and the struggle for self-determination.
# United States House Judiciary Subcommittee on Oversight

The Subcommittee on Oversight is a standing subcommittee within the United States House Committee on the Judiciary. It was created for the 118th Congress as the Subcommittee on Responsiveness and Accountability to Oversight.

## Jurisdiction

From the committee's website, the subcommittee's jurisdiction includes:
    The Subcommittee on Responsiveness and Accountability To Oversight has jurisdiction over the responsiveness of agencies, departments, and entities to oversight requests of the Committee and any Subcommittee of the Committee and the operations of their congressional liaisons or offices of legislative affairs, with respect to the necessity or desirability of enacting, changing, or repealing any legislation within the jurisdiction of the Committee.

## Members, 118th Congress

| Majority | Minority |
| Jeff Van Drew, New Jersey, Chair Barry Moore, Alabama Bob Onder, Missouri Derek Schmidt, Kansas Brandon Gill, Texas | Jasmine Crockett, Texas, Ranking Member Jared Moskowitz, Florida Hank Johnson, Georgia |
| Ex officio ||
| Jim Jordan, Ohio | Jaime Raskin, Maryland |

## Historical membership rosters
### 118th Congress

| Majority | Minority |
| Ben Cline, Virginia, Chair Jeff Van Drew, New Jersey Nathaniel Moran, Texas Laurel Lee, Florida | Eric Swalwell, California, Ranking Member Glenn Ivey, Maryland |
| Ex officio ||
| Jim Jordan, Ohio | Jerry Nadler, New York |
# Variation and Evolution in Plants

Variation and Evolution in Plants is a book written by G. Ledyard Stebbins, published in 1950. It is one of the key publications embodying the modern synthesis of evolution and genetics, as the first comprehensive publication to discuss the relationship between genetics and natural selection in plants. The book has been described by plant systematist Peter H. Raven as "the most important book on plant evolution of the 20th century" and it remains one of the most cited texts on plant evolution.

## Origin

The book is based on the Jesup Lectures that Stebbins delivered at Columbia University in October and November 1946 and is a synthesis of his ideas and the then current research on the evolution of seed plants in terms of genetics.

## Contents

The book is written in fourteen parts:
* Description and analysis of variation patterns
* Examples of variation patterns within species and genera
* The basis of individual variation
* Natural selection and variation in populations
* Genetic systems as factors in evolution
* Isolation and the origin of species
* Hybridization and its effects
* Polyploidy I: occurrence and nature of polyploid types
* Polyploidy II: geographic distribution and significance of polyploidy
* Apomixis in relation to variation and evolution
* Structural hybridity and the genetic system
* Evolutionary trends I: the karyotype
* Evolutionary trends II: External morphology
* Fossils, modern distribution patterns and rates of evolution

## Significance

The 643-page book cites more than 1,250 references and was the longest of the four books associated with the modern evolutionary synthesis. The other key works of the modern synthesis, whose publication also followed their authors' Jesup lectures, are Theodosius Dobzhansky's Genetics and the Origin of Species, Ernst Mayr's Systematics and the Origin of Species and George Gaylord Simpson's Tempo and Mode in Evolution. The great significance of Variation and Evolution in Plants is that it effectively killed any serious belief in alternative mechanisms of evolution for plants, such as Lamarckian evolution or soft inheritance, which were still upheld by some botanists.

## Legacy

Stebbins book Flowering Plants: Evolution Above the Species Level was published in 1974 and was based on the Prather Lectures which he gave at Harvard. It is considered as an update to Variation and Evolution.
In January 2000 a colloquium was held in Irvine, California, to celebrate the fiftieth anniversary of the publication of Variation and Evolution in Plants. A 16 chapter book entitled Variation and evolution in Plants and Microorganisms: Toward a New Synthesis 50 Years After Stebbins (ISBN 0-309-07099-6) was released to mark the occasion.
# Maathina Malla

Maathina Malla (transl. Wag) is a 1998 Indian Kannada-language comedy film written and directed by Yogish Hunsur. The film stars Jaggesh and Charulatha. V. Manohar scored and composed the film's soundtrack while Ramesh Babu handled the cinematography.

## Cast

* Jaggesh
* Charulatha
* Vijayalakshmi
* Swarna
* Vanishree
* Ramakrishna
* Bank Janardhan
* Mandya Ramesh
* Umashree
* M. S. Umesh
* M. N. Lakshmi Devi
# Will Inman (poet)

Will Inman (born William Archibald McGirt, Jr.) (May 4, 1923 – October 3, 2009), was born in Wilmington, North Carolina, and graduated from Duke University in 1943. He took his mother's maiden name, Inman, in part because his name became "Will In Man". He worked in a shipyard during World War II, and became an activist in 1947 after summers of work in the Blue Ridge Mountains where Inman attempted, unsuccessfully, to organize tobacco industry workers.
Like many in the American left, he joined the Communist party, but became disillusioned with its lack of humanity and left the organization. He was called before the House Un-American Activities Committee in 1956 where he was accused of being the head of the Communist Party in North Carolina. Inman pleaded the fifth in response to all questions. Attempting to begin life anew, he moved to New York City, working in libraries while focusing on writing in his free time.
From 1964 to 1977 he edited and published the seminal poetry newsletter Kauri, part of the Mimeo Revolution of the Sixties, where he published the work of Charles Bukowski, Clarence Major, Walter Lowenfels, William Packard, Ron Silliman, John Sinclair. The title, Kauri, is the Hindi word for the seashell known to English speaking peoples as a cowrie shell. In 1967 he was appointed Poet-in-Residence at American University, teaching there and at Montgomery College in Rockville, Maryland. He has also been an activist for many humanist causes including anti-war and gay rights efforts.
Inman moved to Tucson, Arizona in 1973. His anthology Fired Up with You: Poems of a Niagara Vision was one of the earliest anthologies to include the poetry of Jimmy Santiago Baca as well as the pioneering feminist writer Barbara Mor. He completed a memoir in 1998 but Red Crane Books decided not to publish it, possibly related to concerns raised in a 1999 review in Publishers Weekly. A copy of his memoir has been donated to the Rubenstein Rare Book Library at Duke University.
Inman died in 2009 after suffering from Parkinson's disease.
His letters, manuscripts, and publications are collected at Duke University and at the University of North Carolina Wilmington.

## Selected bibliography

* Surfings: Selected Poems (Howling Dog Press, 2005)Jimmy Santiago Baca
* Leaps of Hope and Fury (ed. David Ray, Pudding Press, 2008)
* I READ YOU GREEN, MOTHER (Howling Dog Press, 2008)
* Surfing the Dark Sound (Pudding House Publications, 1998)
* 108 Verges Until Now (Carlton Press, 1964)
* Fired Up with You: Poems of a Niagara Vision (Border Publishing Co, 1977)
# Montellano

Montellano is a city located in the province of Seville, Spain. According to the 2011 census (INE), the city has a population of 7,179 inhabitants.
# Odontonema brevipes

Odontonema brevipes is a species of plant in the family Acanthaceae which is endemic to Trinidad and Tobago. The species is only known from four localities in the Main Ridge of Tobago. It was described by German botanist Ignatz Urban in his Symbolae Antillanae, based on collections made by Danish botanist Henrik von Eggers and English-born Trinidadian botanist Walter Elias Broadway.

## Conservation status

Although Odontonema brevipes is not listed in the IUCN Red List, the authors of a 2008 assessment of the endemic plant species of Trinidad and Tobago considered it vulnerable due to the fact that it is known from a restricted area or small number of localities.
# Piper Cars

Piper Cars was a United Kingdom manufacturer of specialist sports cars (an associate company of a camshaft and engine tuning parts manufacturer of the same name). The company was initially based in Hayes, then in Kent, with production taking place from 1968 at Wokingham, Berkshire and from 1973 at South Willingham, Lincolnshire.
The first Piper GT road model to a design by Tony Hilder, was introduced at the January 1967 Racing Car Show and immediately afterwards entered production as a body/chassis unit for home completion. The front engine rear drive tubular steel chassis using Triumph Herald front suspension and Ford rear axle components could accommodate a variety of engines. Problems with the first few produced caused further production to be delayed until the following year when a substantially better developed version was introduced and became known as the GTT.
At the same time, a mid-engined Group 6 racing car, the GTR, was being developed but only a handful were produced before this was abandoned following the death of company owner Brian Sherwood in late 1969. The GTR was only 30 inches high, and had a drag co-efficient of only 0.28. Designer Hilder achieved this by moving all the mechanical parts, such as the water and oil radiators to the rear of the car. The car was entered for the 1969 Le Mans 24 Hours Race, but overheating problems and the failure of driver John Burton to record a qualifying time meant that the car did not start the race.
Two employees, Bill Atkinson and Tony Waller, took over the company renaming it Emmbrook Engineering, ceased all racing activity and focused on improving the road cars. In 1971 this led to a further revision known as the Piper P2 with many improvements to chassis, body and interior design. This model continued in production until the mid-1970s. Estimates of total Piper production vary from around 80 (Piper Sports and Racing Car Club) to somewhere over 100.