OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Argentine North Eastern Railway

The Argentine North Eastern Railway (ANER) (in Spanish: Ferrocarril Nordeste Argentino, also Ferrocarril del Nord-Este Argentino) was a British-owned railway company, founded in 1887, that operated a 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) standard gauge railway network in the provinces of Entre Ríos, Corrientes and Misiones in Argentina. When the company was nationalised in 1948 it became part of the state-owned General Urquiza Railway.

## History

The company was founded in 1887 to take over and complete two lines from Monte Caseros in Corrientes Province. The first was to go to Corrientes (371 km), the provincial capital, and the second to Posadas (442 km), the capital of Misiones Province.
In 1888 the company acquired a batch of 32 steam locomotives to Scottish manufacturer Neilson and Company.
Construction of the line to Corrientes, completed as far as Curuzú Cuatiá in 1890, was extended to Mercedes in 1898 and finally reached Corrientes later in the same year. The Posadas line reached Paso de los Libres in 1894 and was extended to Santo Tomé in 1901. Once the section from Santo Tomé to Posadas was opened some years later in 1911 an international rail connection with Paraguay was established.
In 1907 the ANER took over British-owned East Argentine Railway, which operated a line from Monte Caseros south to Concordia in Entre Ríos Province.
Two years later a branch line from San Diego to the port of Goya on the River Paraná was completed and in 1915 the line from Concordia was extended south to the river port of Concepción del Uruguay. Later that same year the ANER established a joint administration with the neighboring British-owned Entre Ríos Railway.
By the time then President of Argentina Juan Perón nationalised the complete Argentine railway network in 1948 the ANER was operating a 1,212 km network which became part of the state-owned General Urquiza Railway.
# Léon Delsarte

Léon Delsarte (19 November 1893 in Valenciennes – 24 January 1963 in Valenciennes) was a French gymnast who competed in the 1920 Summer Olympics and in the 1924 Summer Olympics.
# Nangloi Jat

Nangloi Gaon popularly known as "Nangloi", is a locality in West district in the Union Territory of Delhi in India, surrounded by Paschim Vihar, Delhi Outer Ring road and Najafgarh.
Hastsal ki Laat is situated at corner of Hastsal village near Nangloi , popularly known as the Laat, the 75-feet high minar (tower) was built by Mughal Emperor Shahjahan in 1650 and served as his hunting lodge. It resembles the Qutub Minar in design and is also made with red sandstone.

## Demographics

As of 2001 India census, Nangloi had a population of 150,371. Males constitute 55% of the population and females 45%. Mostly having Ahir and Jat .Nangloi has an average literacy rate of 63%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 71%, and female literacy is 53%. 17% of the population is under 6 years of age.
# Best & Less

Best & Less is an Australian retailer of clothing and household linens. As of October 2022, Best & Less has 182 stores as well as an online platform.

## History

Best & Less was founded by Berel Ginges in January 1965, by occupying part of the ground floor of the department store "Snows" which was in the process of closing down. Prior to trading as Best & Less, the store was known as "Shenows". Best & Less officially opened their first store in Parramatta on 27 May 1965.
Best & Less was known for its frugal in-store appearance, with minimal fixtures, and its advertising tagline was "You don't pay for any fancy overheads". The ads often featured Joy Muir, then president of the Australian Housewives' Association, delivering the line to cameras.
In 1998, Best & Less was acquired by the South African investment company Pepkor. Steinhoff Asia Pacific (later renamed Greenlit Brands) obtained Best & Less when it acquired Pepkor in 2014.
In December 2019, Allegro Funds acquired Best & Less from Greenlit Brands.

## Best & Less Group

Best & Less Group is the holding company which comprises Best & Less and the New Zealand clothing chain Postie. It was floated on the Australian Securities Exchange in July 2021 under the code BST.
In February 2023, CEO Rodney Orrock left the company to focus on his health.
BB Retail Capital acquired Best & Less in July 2023.
# Ismail Jumaih

Ismail Jumaih is a Maldivian actor, choreographer and makeup artist.

## Career

In 2016, Jumaih made his film debut in Hussain Munawwar's Neyngi Yaaru Vakivee alongside Aminath Rishfa and Ahmed Azmeel. Critics gave the film bad reviews and considered his performance as Sham, to be "boring" while criticising the character development. However, Ahmed Jaishan of Vaguthu, found Jumaih's acting to be "natural and impressive" considering his debut role and picked him as the "biggest highlight" from the "disappointing" film. Despite the negative reviews, the film did average business at the end of its run. Jumaih's other release of the year came with Fathimath Nahula's horror film 4426, where he portrayed the role of Hanim, an aggressive member of the friends who get trapped in a haunted house. Upon release, the film received mostly positive reviews from critics. Ahmed Nadheem of Avas labelled the film as a "masterpiece" and mentioned Jumaih to be the "surprising element" of the film. Complimenting the improvements he showed from Neyngi Yaaru Vakivee, Nadheem picked his role as the second best performance of the film; "With compliments to Nahula for her character building, Jumaih was deep in the character of Hanim, portraying the role to its fullest". With twenty-five back-to-back housefull shows being screened, 4426 was declared as the highest grossing Maldive film of the year. At the 8th Gaumee Film Awards Jumaih received a nomination for Best Male Debut award for his performance in Neyngi Yaaru Vakivee with another nomination for Best Makeup in 4426.

## Filmography
### Feature film

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 2016 | Neyngi Yaaru Vakivee | Sham | Nominated—Gaumee Film Award for Best Male Debut |
| 2016 | 4426 | Hanim | |
| 2019 | Goh Raalhu | Hambe | |
| 2019 | Maamui | Aboobakuru Rushdy | |
| TBA | Balhindhu | | Post-production |

### Television

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 2019 | Ehenas | Fayaz | Voice-over; Episode: "Identity" |
| 2019 | Yes Sir | Abdulla Muaz | Main role; 10 episodes |
| 2022 | Dark Rain Chronicles | Nadey | Main role in the segment "Surprise" |
| 2023–2024 | Yaaraa | Zein Malik | Main role; 46 episodes |

### Short film

| Year | Title | Role | Notes | Ref(s) |
| 2020 | KKB: Kuda Kuda Baaru | Ali | | |
| 2021 | Gulhun | Himself | Special appearance | |

## Accolades

| Year | Award | Category | Nominated work | Result |
| 2015 | 6th Gaumee Film Awards | Best Choreography | Fanaa - "Yaaru Kairi" | Nominated |
| 2017 | 8th Gaumee Film Awards | Best Male Debut | Neyngi Yaaru Vakivee | Nominated |
| 2017 | 8th Gaumee Film Awards | Best Makeup | 4426 (Shared with Ahmed Fayaz) | Nominated |
# Bartolomeo Averoldi

Bartolomeo Averoldi may refer to:
* Bartolomeo Averoldi, Archbishop of Split (c. 1430–c. 1503)
* Bartolomeo Averoldi, Bishop of Rethymo (died 1537)
# Li Weiwei (politician)

Li Weiwei (Chinese: 李微微; pinyin: Lǐ Wēiwēi, born March 1958) is a Chinese politician, serving since 2016 as chairwoman of the Hunan Provincial Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference.

## Biography

Li was born in Ningxiang County (now Ningxiang), Hunan, in March 1958. She joined the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) in 1976. In her youth, she worked in a people's commune in Zhuzhou County. She has a bachelor's degree in Chinese literature from Hunan Normal College. She worked as a teacher upon graduating, before joining the Communist Youth League organization in Zhuzhou. In 1990 she became deputy secretary of the Hunan provincial Youth League organization.
In 1995 she was named deputy commissioner (vice-mayor) of Huaihua. In 1997 she became involved in commerce; by 2000 she began working for the China Council for the Promotion of International Trade, Hunan division, becoming its head in 2003. In November 2006 she was named to the provincial Party Standing Committee of Hunan, concurrently head of the Hunan United Front Department. In August 2015, in a provincial leadership reshuffle, she was named Secretary of the Political and Legal Affairs Commission (Zhengfawei) of Hunan province. In January 2016, she became chairwoman of the Hunan Provincial Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, the province's top political advisory body.
Li has an MBA and a doctorate in economics, both from Hunan University.

### Downfall

On 29 July 2024, Li has come under investigation for "serious violations of discipline and laws" by the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection (CCDI), the party's internal disciplinary body, and the National Supervisory Commission, the highest anti-corruption agency of China.
On 24 January 2025, Li as expelled from the CCP and removed from public office. On February 8, she was detained by the Supreme People's Procuratorate.
# Fluorine perchlorate

Fluorine perchlorate, also called perchloryl hypofluorite is the rarely encountered chemical compound of fluorine, chlorine, and oxygen with the chemical formula ClO $_4$F or FOClO $_3$. It is an extremely unstable gas that explodes spontaneously and has a penetrating odor.

## Synthesis

One synthesis uses fluorine and perchloric acid, though the action of ClF$_5$ on water is another method.
    F$_2$ + HClO$_4$ → FClO$_4$ + HF
Another method of synthesis involves the thermal decomposition of tetrafluoroammonium perchlorate, NF $_4$ClO $_4$, which yields very pure FClO $_4$ that may be manipulated and frozen without explosions.
    NF$_4$ClO$_4$ → NF$_3$ + FClO$_4$

## Structure

Fluorine perchlorate is not analogous to perchloric acid because the fluorine atom is more electronegative than oxygen. It contains an oxygen atom in a rare oxidation state of 0 due to the electronegativity of oxygen, which is higher than that of chlorine but lower than that of fluorine.

## Safety

FClO$_4$ has a very dangerous and unpredictable series of reactions associated with it, as a covalent perchlorate (chlorine in the +7 oxidation state) and a compound featuring a very sensitive O-F single bond. Small amounts of reducing agents, such as organic compounds, can trigger explosive detonation. Products of these decomposition reactions could include oxygen halides, interhalogen compounds, and other hazardous substances.
Accidental synthesis is possible if precursors are carelessly mixed. Like similar covalent fluorides and perchlorates, it needs to be handled with extreme caution.

## Reaction

FClO$_4$ is a strong oxidant and it reacts with the iodide ion:
    FOClO$_3$ + 2 I$^−$ → ClO−4 + F$^−$ + I$_2$
FClO$_4$ can also react with tetrafluoroethylene:
    CF$_2$=CF$_2$ + FOClO$_3$ → CF$_3$CF$_2$OClO$_3$
It may be a radical addition reaction.
# Zanomys

Zanomys is a genus of North American spiders in the family Macrobunidae first described by R. V. Chamberlin in 1948.

## Species

As of April 2019 it contains eight species:
* Zanomys aquilonia Leech, 1972 – USA, Canada
* Zanomys californica (Banks, 1904) – USA
* Zanomys feminina Leech, 1972 – USA
* Zanomys hesperia Leech, 1972 – USA
* Zanomys kaiba Chamberlin, 1948 – USA
* Zanomys ochra Leech, 1972 – USA
* Zanomys sagittaria Leech, 1972 – USA
* Zanomys ultima Leech, 1972 – USA
# Larry Barnes

Larry Barnes may refer to:
* Larry Barnes (baseball) (born 1974), American baseball first baseman
* Larry Barnes (boxer) (born 1965), American boxer
* Larry Barnes (fullback) (1931–2016), American football player
* Larry Barnes (running back) (born 1954), American football running back
# Choa Chong Long

Choa Chong Long (Chinese: 蔡滄浪; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Chhòa Chhong-lōng; 1788-1838) was a Chinese prominent magnate, revenue farmer and pioneering colonist who served as the first Kapitan Cina of Singapore under the British colonial government.
He was the son of Choa Su Cheong, who was the Kapitein der Chinezen of Malacca in the Dutch colonial period. The younger Choa ventured out to Singapore when the British took over the island, but unlike most Chinese and Malay immigrants, Choa Chong Long was already a rich man. He was appointed Kapitan Cina of Singapore by Sir Stamford Raffles, who took control of the island for the British. He held the revenue farm for the import and sale of opium. He was also thought to be one of the first Chinese to manage a plantation in Singapore.
Choa celebrated his forty-fourth birthday by giving a grand dinner to which all influential residents of the island, including many Europeans, were invited. Choa's daughter married Kiong Kong Tuan, who was also a revenue farmer and businessman
Choa died in Macau in 1838, leaving a will containing "a devise for ever of certain properties for sinchew (ancestral worship) purposes which was eventually declared void.
# RGS Mirage GT1

The RGS Mirage GT1 is a grand tourer-style race car designed and built by RGS Motorsport. Built to GT1 regulations, it competed in the British GT Championship from 1997 to 1998 before contesting select rounds of the All Japan Grand Touring Car Championship in 2000 and 2003. The Mirage GT1 is significant for being constructed from kit car panels to look indistinguishable from the Lamborghini Countach, making it unique amongst top category GT race cars.

## History

Built by Gary Ward and equipped with a 5.7L Chevrolet LS1 V8 engine, the Mirage GT1 made its public debut at pre-season testing for the 1997 British GT Championship at Silverstone. Despite the homologation requirements of GT1 mandating the production of at least one road legal chassis, the single Mirage race chassis was granted entry into the championship by the British Racing Drivers' Club. After entering seven of nine rounds that season, the Mirage recorded six DNF results and one DNS result, failing to complete a single race distance. Results improved dramatically during the 1998 British GT Championship, with the car recording its first classified race finish at the opening round at Silverstone. Despite recording multiple failures to start throughout the season, the Mirage achieved a best finish of eight overall at the final round of the season at Silverstone.
After the 1998 season, Ward sold the Mirage to Sri Lankan driver Dilantha Malagamuwa, who imported the car into Japan. The car eventually resurfaced on the entry list for the 2000 All Japan Grand Touring Car Championship as the basis of a new team named Team Sri Lanka. Entered four times into the top class of the championship in GT500, the Mirage failed to start on two occasions and failed to qualify in its other two starts.
Three years later, the unsuccessful Mirage surprisingly appeared again on the entry list for the 2003 All Japan Grand Touring Car Championship. Now entered into the lower GT300 class, the Mirage was now fielded by Team LeyJun. In its first GT300 appearance at the opening round at Aida, the Mirage failed to finish and recorded a fastest lap 3.7 seconds slower than the next-slowest car. In six total starts across 2003, the Mirage failed to finish three times, failed to qualify twice, and did not start once. Cumulatively, across its total career of 23 entries, the Mirage achieved four classified finishes, nine DNFs, six DNSs, and four DNQs.
# Center for Asymmetric Warfare

The Center for Asymmetric Warfare (CAW) was established in 1999. CAW is a U.S. Navy entity dedicated to supporting U.S. military forces, as well as local, state, and federal organizations, in countering and controlling the effects of asymmetric warfare, and in support of the Global War on Terrorism. Their focus is on training & education, technology evaluation and the execution of complex, multi-agency exercises, expanding on our maritime/port security heritage.

## Naval Postgraduate School

In 2008, the CAW joined the Naval Postgraduate School as a satellite division, located at NAS Point Mugu, CA and is aligned under the Research Department. As part of the Research Department, the CAW has the flexibility to operate across the 4 institutes and 4 schools that make up NPS. It also allows the CAW to capitalize on the expertise of their many distinguished alumni, faculty and students that can perform as interns.

## CAW capabilities

* Training: Recognized subject matter experts develop and deliver a wide variety of student-based training courses, including the National Incident Management System (NIMS), the Incident Command System (ICS) and Defense Support of Civil authorities (DSCA). The CAW also provides training in specific areas of the exercise design process, such as, identification of exercise requirements and development of the Exercise Master Scenario Events List (MSEL).
* Exercise Design Facilitation of multiple and diverse response and support agencies with different operational characteristics and cultures to identify the procedural, physical and logistics needs for the successful execution of the exercise. This leads to the development of complex but realistic scenario-based challenges that meet the goals and objectives of the participating agencies.
* Exercise Delivery Management of the exercise activities, including set up of the environment, conducting and controlling exercise activities preventing peripheral events from disrupting the exercise, and facilitating participating agencies' responses to the scenario events for capturing lessons learned and best practices.
* Exercise Documentation The CAW is experienced in producing the full spectrum of exercise documentation including training, design, control, execution, instructional aides, and after action documents.
* Resources Personnel, products, and/or locations that enhance the realism of the scenario and the learning experience, ranging from:
** Simulated weapons and explosives
** Large scale props such as ships, aircraft and buildings
** Opposition forces
** Simulated casualties
** Contaminated victims
** Video production to support the exercise scenario or capture and document exercise activities
** Press/media representatives
** Fast Patrol Craft, CAW-1
# Paleolithic flute

During regular archaeological excavations, several flutes that date to the European Upper Paleolithic were discovered in caves in the Swabian Alb region of Germany. Dated and tested independently by two laboratories, in England and Germany, the artifacts are authentic products of the Aurignacian archaeological culture. The Aurignacian flutes were created between 43,000 and 35,000 years ago. The flutes, made of bone and ivory, represent the earliest known musical instruments and provide unmistakable evidence of prehistoric music.
The flutes were found in caves with the oldest known examples of figurative art. Music and sculpture as artistic expression have developed simultaneously among the first humans in Europe, as the region is considered a key area in which various cultural innovations have developed. In addition to recreational and religious purposes, such ritual music might have helped to maintain larger social networks. This may have provided a competitive advantage over the Neanderthals.

## Early flutes

In 2006, the Hohle Fels flute was discovered in the Hohle Fels cave in Germany's Swabian Alb. The flute is made from a vulture radius bone perforated with five finger holes, and dates to approximately 35,000 years ago. Several years before, two flutes made of mute swan bone and one made of woolly mammoth ivory were found in the nearby Geissenklösterle cave. The team that made the Hohle Fels discovery wrote that these finds were, at the time, the earliest evidence of humans being engaged in musical culture. They suggested music may have helped to maintain bonds between larger groups of humans, and that this may have helped the species to expand both in numbers and in geographical range. In 2012, a fresh high-resolution carbon dating examination revealed an age of 42,000 to 43,000 years for the Geissenklösterle cave flutes, suggesting that they could be older than the one from the Hohle Fels cave.
The artifact known as the Divje Babe flute, which was discovered in Slovenia in 1995, has also been suggested as the oldest Paleolithic flute, though this claim has been disputed. The artifact is AMS-14C dated to 43100 ± 700 year old cave bear femur pierced with spaced holes. Later dating using the more powerful ESR method has shown that the layer containing the flute is outside the dating range of the AMS-14C method and that the original dating of samples from this layer was incorrect. According to ESR dating, the age of the bone is now estimated at 50,000 to 60,000 years BP. Its discoverer suggested the holes were manmade and that there may have been four originally before the item was damaged. However, other scientists have argued that the holes were chewed by an animal.
# Geoffrey Carr

Geoffrey Carr (22 January 1886 – 13 July 1969) was a British rowing coxswain who competed in the 1912 Summer Olympics.
Carr was born in Putney and became a member of Thames Rowing Club. He was the coxswain of the Thames Rowing Club coxed four which won the silver medal for Great Britain rowing at the 1912 Summer Olympics.
# Geoffrey Coles

Geoffrey Horsman Coles (13 March 1871 – 27 January 1916) was a British sport shooter who competed at the 1908 Summer Olympics.
In the 1908 Olympics, he won a bronze medal in the team pistol event and was 11th in the individual pistol event.
Coles was killed in action during the First World War, serving as a private with the Royal Fusiliers near Festubert. He was buried at Brown's Road Military Cemetery nearby.
# Frederick Douglass (disambiguation)

Frederick Douglass was an African-American social reformer, abolitionist, orator, writer, and statesman.
Frederick Douglass may also refer to:
* Frederick Douglass Jr., son of Frederick Douglass, abolitionist, essayist and newspaper editor
* Frederick Douglass (Moore opera), a 1985 opera by Dorothy Rudd Moore
* Frederick Douglass (Ulysses Kay opera) (1991)
* Frederick Douglass (Weitzman), a 2013 bronze sculpture by Steven Weitzman in Washington, D.C.
* Frederick Douglass (Edwards), a 2015 bronze sculpture by Andrew Edwards in College Park, Maryland
* Frederick Douglass: The Lion Who Wrote History, a 2017 picture book biography by Walter Dean Myers
* Frederick Douglass: Prophet of Freedom, a 2018 biography by David W. Blight

## Other people with similar names

* Frederic Huntington Douglas, a curator at the Denver Art Museum in Denver, CO
* Fred J. Douglas (1869–1949), US Representative
* Frederick Sylvester North Douglas (1791–1819), MP for Banbury