OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Cholomondeley Goonewardene

Cholomondeley de Fonseka Goonewardene (චොල්මොණ්ඩලේ ද නොව චමලි ද නොව චම්ලි) (16 September 1917 – 25 November 2006) was a prominent Sri Lankan politician, Member of Parliament, and cabinet minister.
Born in Kalutara to a local Muhandiram family, Goonewardene was educated at Holy Cross College, Kalutara and S. Thomas' College, Mount Lavinia. He later qualified as an advocate and started his legal practice in Unofficial Bar in Kalutara in 1946. He was one of the early members of the Marxist Lanka Sama Samaja Party – the first political party in Sri Lanka- and founded its Kalutara Branch in 1937 and in 1940 he was elected to the Kalutara Urban Council. Giving up his legal practice, Goonewardene took up full time political work. Representing the Lanka Sama Samaja Party he was the member of parliament on several occasions for the Kalutara electorate from 1947 to 1977 and between such terms he served as Chairman of the Kalutara Urban Council from 1954 to 1956 and again in the 1960s. In June 1964 he was appointed Minister of Works in the First Sirimavo Bandaranaike cabinet. He was the last surviving member to have served on the first Parliament of Ceylon. He was a cousin of Leslie Goonewardene and an older brother of former senior member of the Ceylon Civil Service (CCS) and Prime Minister’s Secretary Eardley (E.G.) Goonewardene.
# Morrie Schwartz

Morris S. Schwartz (December 20, 1916 – November 4, 1995) was an American professor of sociology at Brandeis University and an author. He was the subject of the best-selling book Tuesdays with Morrie, written by Mitch Albom, a former student of Schwartz. He was portrayed by Jack Lemmon in the 1999 television film adaptation of the book.

## Personal life

Schwartz was the son of Charlie Schwartz, a Russian-Jewish immigrant who emigrated from Russia to escape the army. Schwartz's mother died when he was eight years old, and his brother David developed polio at a young age. His father would eventually marry a Romanian woman named Eva Schneiderman. Later in Schwartz's life, his father suffered from a fatal heart attack after fleeing a mugging. Schwartz came from a Jewish family, but as an adult he adopted multiple beliefs from a variety of different religions. He completed doctoral work at the University of Chicago.
Schwartz had two sons with his wife Charlotte, Rob and Jon.
Schwartz was a 77-year-old sociology professor at Brandeis University when he was diagnosed with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). He died in November 1995, a year and three months after being diagnosed with the disease.

## Tuesdays with Morrie

Schwartz achieved national prominence posthumously after being featured as the subject of Mitch Albom's 1997 best-selling memoir, Tuesdays with Morrie. Albom had been a student of Schwartz's at Brandeis University, and years later had seen Schwartz on the television program Nightline. After Albom phoned Schwartz, he made a series of trips to visit him in the final weeks of Schwartz's life as he was gradually overtaken by ALS. The book recounts the fourteen visits Albom made, their conversations, Schwartz's lectures, and his life experiences.
The book was adapted into a television film in 1999, starring Jack Lemmon as Schwartz.

## Works

* with Alfred H. Stanton: The Mental Hospital: A Study of Institutional Participation in Psychiatric Illness and Treatment. Basic Books 1950, ISBN 978-1-59147-617-7 (2009 edition)
* with Charlotte Green Schwartz: Social Approaches to Mental Patient Care. Columbia University Press 1964
* with Emmy Lanning Shockley: The Nurse and the Mental Patient: a Study in Interpersonal Relations. Wiley 1966, ISBN 978-0-471-76610-0
* Letting Go: Morrie's Reflections on Living While Dying. Walker & Company 1996, ISBN 978-0-8027-1315-5
* Morrie: In His Own Words. Delta Publishing 1997, ISBN 0385318790
# Jacobs Creek (New Jersey)

Jacobs Creek is a tributary of the Delaware River in Mercer County in the U.S. state of New Jersey. From its headwaters in Hopewell Township, the creek flows generally south and southwest. Along the creek's lower course, it flows along the border between Hopewell Township and Ewing Township, entering the Delaware River between Lambertville and Trenton.
Arising along the west flank of Pennington Mountain, elevation 381 feet (116 m), Jacobs Creek flows under Poor Farm Road, through Woosamonsa Ridge Preserve and under Woosamonsa Road before reaching Pennington-Harbourton Road (County Route 623). Further downstream, it passes under Pennington-Titusville Road and then Washington Crossing-Pennington Road (CR 546). After receiving Woolsey Brook from the left, Jacobs Creek flows roughly parallel to Jacobs Creek Road (CR 637), which is on the left bank, and passes under Bear Farm Road (CR 579). The creek turns southwest as it reaches the boundary between Hopewell Township and Ewing Township and follows this boundary, crossing it several times before passing under River Road (New Jersey Route 29), the Delaware and Raritan Canal and its towpath and entering the Delaware River.
Jacobs Creek Trail, runs 1.3 miles (2.1 km) along the creek between Pennington-Harbourton Road on the north (upstream end) and Pennington-Titusville Road on the south with an additional 0.25 miles (0.40 km) spur south of Pennington-Titusville Road. The trail environs include a mixture of bottomlands, bluffs, and open spaces. Deer, fox, amphibians, and reptiles frequent the area. Birds near the trail and creek may include Carolina wrens, woodpeckers, red-eyed vireos and Baltimore orioles. Evergreens, eastern redcedars, maples, hickories, ashes, and oaks grow along the main trail. The largest red oak in the Hopewell Valley is found in the preserve.
# Richard Bishop (gymnast)

Richard Alfred Bishop (August 13, 1910 – September 8, 1996) was an American gymnast. He was a member of the United States men's national artistic gymnastics team and competed in the men's rings event at the 1932 Summer Olympics.
As a gymnast, Bishop was a member of the Los Angeles Athletic Club.
# Kirchensur

Kirchensur is a village in the municipality of Amerang in the district of Rosenheim in Bavaria, Germany.

## Geography

Kirchensur is located in north of the Chiemgau area, named after lake Chiemsee. It lies about six kilometres northeast of Amerang, seven kilometres northwest of Obing, eight and a half kilometres in the west of Wasserburg am Inn and four kilometres southwest of Schnaitsee.

## History

Kirchensur was first mentioned in the 10th century as "Sur", which roughly translates to acidic water.
In the 13th century, Kirchensur was an Obmannschaft and, from 1800 up to the consolidating with Amerang in 1970, a separate municipality.
The time of establishment of the church is not confirmed, but it probably existed before the beginning of the 11th century.
In 1876, the village got its own school, which existed until the integration into the school of Eiselfing (1969).
In the 16th century, Kirchensur consisted of about ten buildings, in 1914 of about 15 and nowadays already of 41 buildings (with own house numbers).

## Literature

* Konrad Linner: Haus- und Hofgeschichte 1366–2010
# Ratowo, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship

Ratowo is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Mogilno, within Mogilno County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. It lies approximately 9 kilometres (6 mi) east of Mogilno, 51 km (32 mi) south of Bydgoszcz, and 55 km (34 mi) south-west of Toruń.
# 1940 United States elections

Elections were held on November 5, 1940. The Democratic Party continued to dominate national politics, as it defended its congressional majorities and retained the presidency. It was the last election prior to the attack on Pearl Harbor and America's entry into World War II.
In the presidential election, Democratic incumbent President Franklin D. Roosevelt was elected to serve an unprecedented third term, defeating Republican businessman Wendell Willkie of New York. Although Willkie fared better than the previous two Republican presidential candidates, Roosevelt crushed Willkie in the electoral college and won the popular vote by ten points. At the 1940 Democratic National Convention, Roosevelt overcame opposition from Vice President John Nance Garner and Postmaster General James Farley to win on the first ballot. Willkie won the Republican nomination on the sixth ballot, defeating Ohio Senator Robert A. Taft and Manhattan District Attorney Thomas Dewey.
The Democrats gained five seats in the House of Representatives, furthering their majority over the Republicans. The Democrats also maintained a majority in the U.S. Senate; however, they lost three seats to the Republicans in that house.
# Salmostoma sladoni

Salmostoma sladoni is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Salmostoma.

## Etymology

The fish is named in honor of Maj. Edward Sladen (1827–1890).
# July 1836 Portuguese legislative election

Parliamentary elections were held in Portugal on 17 and 31 July 1836.

## Electoral system

The elections were held under the Constitutional Charter of 1826 and the Electoral Law of 7 August 1826. These provided for a bicameral parliament, the Cortes Gerais, with an elected Chamber of Deputies and a Chamber of Most Worthy Peers whose members were appointed by the monarch or were members of the nobility. The elections were indirect, with voters electing provincial assemblies, who in turn elected members of the Chamber of Deputies. Voting and candidature were restricted to those who met income requirements. The number of Deputies was reduced from 143 in 1834 to 141, with 132 elected from multi-member constituencies on the mainland and islands, and nine from single-member constituencies in overseas colonies.

## Results

The result was a victory for the ruling Cartistas, who won 79 seats. The opposition won 30 seats.
| Party | Party | Seats | +/– |
| | Cartistas | 79 | +36 |
| | Opposition | 30 | –2 |
| | Others | 32 | – |
| Total | Total | 141 | –2 |
| Source: ISCSP ||||

## Aftermath

The newly elected Cortes Gerais did not meet, and fresh elections were held in November following the September Revolution.
# Sol Invictus (disambiguation)

Sol Invictus is a Roman god identified with Sol (the solar deity in Ancient Roman religion).
Sol Invictus may also refer to:
* Sol Invictus (band), an English neofolk band
* Sol Invictus (album), a 2015 album by Faith No More
* Sol Invictus (Akhenaton album) [fr], 2001
* Sol Invictus (holiday), a religious holiday celebrated in ancient Rome
# 1990 FIFA World Cup qualification – UEFA Group 7

The 1990 FIFA World Cup qualification UEFA Group 7 was a UEFA qualifying group for the 1990 FIFA World Cup. The group consisted of Belgium, Czechoslovakia, Luxembourg, Portugal and Switzerland.
The group was won by Belgium, who qualified for the 1990 FIFA World Cup. Czechoslovakia also qualified as runners-up.

## Standings

| | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts |
| Belgium | 8 | 4 | 4 | 0 | 15 | 5 | +10 | 12 |
| Czechoslovakia | 8 | 5 | 2 | 1 | 13 | 3 | +10 | 12 |
| Portugal | 8 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 11 | 8 | +3 | 10 |
| Switzerland | 8 | 2 | 1 | 5 | 10 | 14 | −4 | 5 |
| Luxembourg | 8 | 0 | 1 | 7 | 3 | 22 | −19 | 1 |
| Belgium | – | 2 – 1 | 1 – 1 | 3 – 0 | 1 – 0 |
| Czechoslovakia | 0 – 0 | – | 4 – 0 | 2 – 1 | 3 – 0 |
| Luxembourg | 0 – 5 | 0 – 2 | – | 0 – 3 | 1 – 4 |
| Portugal | 1 – 1 | 0 – 0 | 1 – 0 | – | 3 – 1 |
| Switzerland | 2 – 2 | 0 – 1 | 2 – 1 | 1 – 2 | – |
# Estadio José Rafael Fello Meza Ivankovich

Estadio Jose Rafael "Fello" Meza Ivankovich is a multi-use stadium in Cartago, Costa Rica. It is currently used mostly for football matches and is the home stadium of C.S. Cartaginés. The stadium holds 8350 people and was built in 1949.
On June 8, 2024, strong storms and winds hit the city of Cartago and Paraíso. Among the affected areas was the Fello Meza, whose roof was detached and destroyed. A Cartaginés under-21 game was being played, but in the 70th minute it was suspended due to the amount of water falling on the field and in the stands, the ceiling that began to collapse and bend. No injuries were reported, but the cables were affected. The team was forced to use cranes to remove the roof and then rebuild it.
# Bardelys the Magnificent (novel)

Bardelys the Magnificent is a 1906 historical adventure novel by the Italian-born British writer Rafael Sabatini. It is set in France during the reign of Louis XIII.
In 1926 the story was adapted into a film version Bardelys the Magnificent by the Hollywood studio MGM, with John Gilbert playing the title role.
# Kajaanselkä Basin

Kajaanselkä Basin is a lake basin of north-west Lake Vesijärvi in Lahti in southern Finland, in the Päijänne Tavastia region. The mean depth of the lake basin is 17 metres. The basin suffered severe effects of eutrophication in the 1960s and a restoration programme began in the 1970s.
61°08′N 25°29′E﻿ / ﻿61.14°N 25.48°E﻿ / 61.14; 25.48
* This Southern Finland location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Three Arch Rocks National Wildlife Refuge

Three Arch Rocks National Wildlife Refuge is a U.S. National Wildlife Refuge off the northern Oregon Coast. It is located on the central coast of Tillamook County, in the northwestern part of Oregon. It is one of six National Wildlife Refuges within the Oregon Coast National Wildlife Refuge Complex and was the first National Wildlife Refuge west of the Mississippi River. In 1970 the Refuge was designated as wilderness. It is one of the smallest wilderness areas in the United States.

## Geography

Three Arch Rocks consists of 15 acres (6 ha) on three large and six small rocky islands located about a half mile (1 km) offshore from Oceanside. It is one of the smallest designated wilderness areas in the U.S., but features the largest colony of breeding tufted puffins and the largest common murre colony south of Alaska. It is the only northern Oregon pupping site for the threatened Steller sea lion.

## History

The refuge was established by President Theodore Roosevelt after being persuaded by two young conservationists — William L. Finley and Herman Bohlman — who studied and photographed Three Arch Rocks from Oceanside beginning in 1901. They recorded hunters killing dozens of sea lions at a time for skin and oil, and sportsmen shooting seabirds purely for sport. Due to a scarcity of regional chicken farms at the time, seabird eggs were priced at up to a dollar per dozen, encouraging egg harvesting and reducing the bird colony population. Finley and Bohlman suggested a wildlife refuge to Roosevelt to protect dwindling populations and ensure survival of seabird and marine mammal populations. Roosevelt declared the Three Rocks area a National Wildlife Refuge in 1907. In 1970 the United States Congress designated the Refuge wilderness. In 1994, there was a sighting of a group of 2 or 3 North Pacific right whales, the most rare and endangered of all large whales at the Rocks.

## Protection

The Three Arch Rocks Refuge has provided protection for Oregon's largest seabird nesting colony of more than 230,000 birds since October 14, 1907. The entire Oregon Coast National Wildlife Refuge Complex protect over a million nesting seabirds, including common murres, tufted puffins, cormorants, and storm-petrels.

## Access

The islands are closed to public access. Boats must remain at least 500 ft (150 m) away during summer months, and aircraft must maintain at least 2,000 ft (600 m) clearance. The area is managed by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service.
# Reptowo, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship

Reptowo is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Dąbrowa Chełmińska, within Bydgoszcz County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. It lies 5 kilometres (3 mi) west of Dąbrowa Chełmińska, 17 km (11 mi) east of Bydgoszcz, and 30 km (19 mi) north-west of Toruń.
# August 1994 Uruguayan constitutional referendum

A constitutional referendum was held in Uruguay on 28 August 1994. The proposals were rejected by 69% of voters.

## Proposals

The proposed amendments to the constitution were put forward by the General Assembly, passing in the Chamber of Deputies on 11 May with 62 of the 99 members voting in favour, and in the Senate on 8 July with 22 of the 30 members voting in favour. The amendments would split the vote for president, parliament and governors, set wages for councillors and the method of payment of pensions.

## Results

| Choice | Votes | % |
| For | 559,321 | 31.08 |
| Against | 1,240,059 | 68.92 |
| Unevaluated votes | 110,711 | – |
| Invalid/blank votes | 54,680 | – |
| Total | 1,964,771 | 100 |
| Registered voters/turnout | 2,278,375 | 86.23 |
| Source: Direct Democracy |||
Unevaluated votes were those cast by voters outside of their local polling station. They would have been examined after a court had decided on their validity, but as the result was already clear, they were not counted.
# Kings Creek (Ohio River tributary)

Kings Creek is a 15.23 mi (24.51 km) long 4th order tributary to the Ohio River in Hancock County, West Virginia.

## Variant names

According to the Geographic Names Information System, it has also been known historically as:
* Indian Creek
* South Fork

## Course

Kings Creek rises about 2 miles (3.2 km) south of Frankfort Springs, Pennsylvania, in Washington County and then flows generally west into West Virginia and Hancock County to join the Ohio River at Wiercrest.

## Watershed

Kings Creek drains 49.63 square miles (128.5 km$^2$) of area, receives about 39.3 inches per year (100 cm/year) of precipitation, has a wetness index of 319.56, and is about 71% forested.
# AMX-32

The AMX-32 was a French main battle tank developed by AMX and APX in the late 1970s during the Cold War as an export tank to fit in a specific market niche of nations with smaller defence budgets. While six prototypes were built, it failed to garner interest for foreign sales.

## Armor

The mantlet, the turret sides and the hull noseplate of the AMX-32 are hollow, the outer layers are made of dual hardness steel plates which are particularly effective against kinetic energy projectiles.
The frontal armor of the AMX-32 was successfully tested against 57 mm armor-piercing rounds of the ASU-57 at 500 m range and 75 mm tungsten-cored PCOT rounds fired from the AMX-13 light tank at 1000 m range. The turret side armor can withstand impacts of 23 mm armor-piercing rounds. The turret roof has been thickened to be protected from autocannons shells fired by fighter-bombers at a steep angle of 30°.
In addition, the AMX-32 features six smoke grenade dischargers and a dense white smoke screen can be generated by injecting vaporized diesel fuel into the exhaust system.

## Fire control and observation

Turret traverse and main gun elevation are powered by an electro-hydraulic drive. The main gun can be stabilized through servo-control; using inputs sent by the stabilized mirror head of the commander's M527 panoramic sight.

### Gunner

The gunner uses an APX M581 telescopic sight with ×10 magnification with a built-in APX M550 laser rangefinder (a.k.a. CILAS TCV 80). The possibility of misalignment are reduced as the sight is an integral part of the mantlet. A Thomson CSF DIVT-13 low light television camera (LLLTV) with a ×1 magnification allows night observation up to 1200 m. The image obtained is displayed on two TV monitors (gunner and commander). The gunner also has two episcopes for direct observation.

### Commander

The commander has the latest iteration of the TOP 7 cupola with eight episcopes. Each episcope has a button placed under it allowing to quickly bring his sight toward the observed area. A SFIM M527 gyrostabilized panoramic sight with three channels; two daylight (×2 and ×8) and one night (×1) with light intensification allowing night observation up to 300–400 m.

### Loader

The loader has at his disposal one left-facing episcope and two rotating periscopes.

## Mobility

The AMX-32 was powered by a 24,790 cc (1,513 cu in) 800 horsepower (600 kW) Hispano-Suiza (then Renault) HS-110-2-SR diesel engine fitted with twin Holset turbochargers and intercooler. The engine is coupled to an automatic, power shifting, SESM Minerva ENC 200 transmission with five forward and reverse gears.

## Prototypes

* P1 : presented to the public for the first time in June 1979 at Satory VII Exhibition of Military Equipment and Weapons. Like the AMX-30, it retained a cast gun mantlet with a CN-105-F1 105 mm gun. In 1980, it was fitted with a modified turret featuring a new welded mantlet.
* P2 : displayed at Satory VIII arms fair in 1981, the shape of the hull front was modified to improve its ballistic protection. Due to the previous changes, the combat weight of the AMX-32 increased to 40 tonnes.
# GWR 3600 Class

The Great Western Railway (GWR) 3600 Class was a class of 2-4-2T side tank steam locomotive, designed by William Dean and built at Swindon in three lots in 1900-1903:

## History

Dean had built an experimental 2-4-2T numbered 11, whose success led to the cancellation of another batch of 2-4-0 "Metro" Tanks and the construction of the 3600s in their place. The new 2-4-2Ts had 5 ft 2 in (1.575 m) coupled wheels and 17 in × 24 in (432 mm × 610 mm) cylinders. The second batch were slightly longer than the prototype, resulting in greater tank capacity, and the third lot, delivered under Churchward, were slightly larger again, and had taper boilers. The class gained the nickname "Birdcage" due to their (for the GWR) unusually spacious cabs.
Table of orders and numbers :
| Year | Quantity | Lot No. | Serial Nos. | Locomotive numbers | Notes |
| 1900 | 01 | 130 | 1907 | 11 | renumbered 3600 in 1912 |
| 1902 | 20 | 134 | 1866–1885 | 3601–3620 | Serial numbers out of sequence |
| 1903 | 10 | 143 | 2013–2022 | 3621–3630 | |

## Use

The 3600 class were fitted with steam reversing gear, steam brakes, and two steam-operated water pick-ups for forward and reverse working. This reflects their intended work as fast suburban engines. About half were employed on such duties in the Birmingham area. The rest worked in the London area, though later a few worked Chester-Birkenhead trains, and some were allocated to South Wales sheds. They were essentially passenger train locomotives, and were eventually superseded by Collett's 2-6-2Ts. All were withdrawn and scrapped between 1930 and 1934.
# Rogowo, Toruń County

Rogowo is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Lubicz, within Toruń County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. It lies approximately 6 kilometres (4 mi) north of Lubicz and 10 km (6 mi) north-east of Toruń.
# 1967 North Korean parliamentary election

Parliamentary elections were held in North Korea on 25 November 1967. Only one candidate was presented in each constituency, all of which were selected by the Workers' Party of Korea, although some ran under the banner of other parties or state organisations to give the illusion of democracy. Voter turnout was reported to be 100%, with 100% voting in favour of the candidates presented.
For the first time, the representative of Korean residents in Japan were elected as deputies. The first session (14–16 December 1967) finished with the declaration "Let Us Embody More Thoroughly Revolutionary Spirit of Independence, Self-Sustenance, and Self-Defense in All Fields of State Activity".

## Significance of the leader's seat

In his speech after his win in the Songrim constituency, Kim Il Sung pointed out the area's importance as a major base for the proletariat class and a place where Hwanghae Steel Mill, one of the country's major steel mills, is located.

## Results

| Party or alliance | Party or alliance | Party or alliance | Party or alliance | % | Seats |
| | Fatherland Front | | Workers' Party of Korea | 100 | 288 |
| | Fatherland Front | | Chongryon | 100 | 7 |
| | Fatherland Front | | Chondoist Chongu Party | 100 | 4 |
| | Fatherland Front | | Korean Democratic Party | 100 | 1 |
| | Fatherland Front | | Buddhist Alliance | 100 | 1 |
| | Fatherland Front | | Other parties | 100 | 156 |
| Total | Total | Total | Total | | 457 |
| Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | 100 | |
| Source: Nohlen et al. |||||||