OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Michiko Kuwano

Michiko Kuwano (桑野通子, Kuwano Michiko, 4 January 1915 – 1 April 1946) was a Japanese film actress.

## Biography

Michiko Kuwano was born on (1915-01-04)January 4, 1915 in the former municipality of Shiba-ku, which is now located in the Minato ward in Tokyo. Her father was a chef, and her mother died when she was four years old.
She joined Shōchiku in 1934 and made her first film with Hiroshi Shimizu, a director with whom she collaborated numerous times.
She gave birth in 1942 to Miyuki Kuwano, who would later become an actress.
On (1946-03-29)March 29, 1946, she fainted during the filming of Victory of Women by Kenji Mizoguchi. She died on (1946-04-01)April 1, 1946 from complications of a hemorrhage due to an ectopic pregnancy at the age of 31.
Michiko Kuwano appeared in nearly 90 films for Shōchiku between 1934 and 1946.

## Career

Kuwano was born in Shiba ward, Tokyo. After graduating from Mita High School in 1932, she first worked as a "sweets girl" for Morinaga & Company before entering the Shochiku film studios in 1934, where she gave her debut in Hiroshi Shimizu's Eclipse. In addition to many films directed by Shimizu, she starred in films by Yasujirō Ozu and Yasujirō Shimazu. In 1946, she collapsed on the set of Kenji Mizoguchi's Victory of Women. She is the mother of actress Miyuki Kuwano.

## Selected filmography

* 1934: Eclipse
* 1936: Mr. Thank You
* 1937: What Did the Lady Forget?
* 1939: A Brother and His Younger Sister
* 1940: The Legend of Tank Commander Nishizumi
* 1942: Brothers and Sisters of the Toda Family
* 1946: Victory of Women
# Bunker Roy

Sanjit "Bunker" Roy (born 30 June 1945) is an Indian social activist and educator who founded the Barefoot College. He was selected as one of Time 100's 100 most influential personalities in 2010 for his work in educating illiterate and semi-literate rural Indians. Roy was awarded the Padma Shri by Giani Zail Singh in 1986.

## Early life

He attended The Doon School from 1956 to 1962, and St. Stephen's College, Delhi from 1962 to 1967.
He was the Indian national squash champion in 1965 and also represented India in three world squash championships.

## Barefoot College

Bunker is a founder of what is now called Barefoot College. After conducting a survey of water supplies in 100 drought-prone areas, Roy established the Social Work and Research Centre in 1972. Its mission soon changed from a focus on water and irrigation to empowerment and sustainability. The programs focused on siting water pumps near villages and training the local population to maintain them without dependence on outside mechanics, providing training as paramedics for local medical treatment, and on solar power to decrease dependence and time spent on kerosene lighting.
He was recognized in 2010 in Time for the programs of the college which have trained more than 3 million people in skills including solar engineers such as the Solar Mamas, teachers, midwives, weavers, architects, and doctors.
He was married to ex-IAS Aruna Roy in 1970.

## Other work

Roy was appointed by Rajiv Gandhi to the government's Planning Commission. He recommended that legislation be created that would apply a "code of conduct" for non-governmental organizations. He also proposed that a national council be created that would recommend "legitimate" organizations to the government and monitor their activities. Both of these recommendations were "fiercely" opposed as mechanisms that could be used to promote patronage of favored groups and quell organizations that were not supportive of a particular government or party.
In 1983, he was the plaintiff in Roy v State of Rajasthan in which the Supreme Court struck down an emergency policy which had allowed women famine relief workers to be paid less than male workers.
Roy has spoken at the TED conference, about how the Barefoot College "helps rural communities becomes self-sufficient."

## Awards and recognition

* 1985: "Jamnalal Bajaj Award" for Application of Science and Technology for Rural Development.
* 2003: Won The 2003 "St Andrews Prize for the Environment"
* 2003: One of 20 people to be selected as "Social Entrepreneurs of the Year" by Schwab Foundation for Social Entrepreneurship
* 2009: Received a "Robert Hill Award" for his contribution to promotion of photo-voltaics (solar energy)
# Luke Lehnen

Luke Lehnen is an American professional football quarterback for the Arlington Renegades of the United Football League (UFL). While playing for North Central (IL), he won two Stagg Bowls and was the Gagliardi Trophy winner twice: 2023 and 2024.

## College career
### Statistics

| Season | Games | Games | Passing | Passing | Passing | Passing | Passing | Passing | Passing | Passing | Rushing | Rushing | Rushing | Rushing |
| Season | GP | Record | Comp | Att | Pct | Yards | Avg | TD | Int | Rate | Att | Yards | Avg | TD |
| North Central Cardinals |||||||||||||||
| 2021 | 15 | 14–1 | 196 | 296 | 66.2 | 3,284 | 11.1 | 33 | 10 | 189.4 | 111 | 464 | 4.2 | 10 |
| 2022 | 15 | 15–0 | 189 | 276 | 68.5 | 2,709 | 9.8 | 38 | 6 | 192.0 | 109 | 1,034 | 9.5 | 13 |
| 2023 | 15 | 14–1 | 170 | 232 | 73.3 | 3,407 | 14.7 | 48 | 2 | 263.2 | 111 | 850 | 7.7 | 13 |
| 2024 | 15 | 15–0 | 196 | 283 | 69.3 | 3,258 | 11.5 | 43 | 5 | 212.6 | 99 | 979 | 9.9 | 15 |
| Career | 60 | 58−2 | 751 | 1,087 | 69.1 | 12,658 | 11.6 | 162 | 23 | 211.9 | 430 | 3,327 | 7.7 | 51 |
# 2017 Panda Cup

The 2017 Panda Cup was the fourth edition of Panda Cup, an under-19 association football competition.
The tournament was hosted in Chengdu between 17 and 21 May. Players born on or after 1 January 1999 are eligible to compete in the tournament.

## Participating teams

| Team | Confederation |
| China (host) | AFC |
| Hungary | UEFA |
| Iran | AFC |
| Slovakia | UEFA |

## Venues

Download coordinates as:
* KML
* GPX (all coordinates)
* GPX (primary coordinates)
* GPX (secondary coordinates)
| Chengdu | Shuangliu Sports Centre |
| Chengdu Shuangliu Sports Center | Shuangliu Sports Centre |
| 30°34′13″N 103°53′45″E﻿ / ﻿30.5704°N 103.8957°E﻿ / 30.5704; 103.8957﻿ (Shuangliu Sports Centre) | Shuangliu Sports Centre |
| Capacity: 25,000 | Shuangliu Sports Centre |

## Standings

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts |
| 1 | Hungary (C) | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 9 | 3 | +6 | 7 |
| 2 | Slovakia | 3 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 5 | −1 | 6 |
| 3 | Iran | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 6 | 6 | 0 | 4 |
| 4 | China | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 2 | 7 | −5 | 0 |

## Goalscorers

3 goals
* Bendegúz Bolla
* Mohammad Sharifi
2 goals
* Mohammad Ghaderi
* Michal Kraľovič
1 goal
* Erpan Ezimjan
* Zhou Junchen
* Zsombor Bévárdi
* Tibor Kisari
* Balázs Kiss
* Levente Lustyik
* Dávid Stoiacovici
* Máté Szabó
* Sayyad Manesh Shiadeh
* Matej Grešák
* Martin Vician
# Mujahid Colony

Mujahid Colony (Urdu: مجاہد کالونی) is a neighborhood in the Karachi Central district of Karachi, Pakistan.It is part of Liaquatabad Town & is one of the largest UC of Liaquatabad Town.

## Mujahid Colony, Nazimabad No. 4

Mujahid Colony was a densely populated residential area located in Nazimabad No. 4, Karachi, Pakistan. The colony had been home to thousands of families for decades, many of whom were from low-income backgrounds. The area was known for its tightly packed houses, narrow streets, and a strong sense of community.

## Demography

The ethnic groups in Mujahid Colony include Pashtuns, Muhajir, Punjabis, Kashmiris, Seraikis, Sindhis, Balochs, Brahuis, Memons etc.

## Demolition

In 10 Nov, 2022 the Sindh government declared Mujahid Colony as an encroachment area and initiated a large-scale demolition operation. The operation led to the displacement of hundreds of families, who were left homeless as a result. Government officials stated that the land was illegally occupied and was required for urban development projects, including the construction of roads and other infrastructure.

## Controversy and Criticism

The demolition faced criticism from local residents, activists, and human rights organizations. Many residents claimed that they had lived in the area for decades and had legal ownership of their properties. Activists argued that the operation lacked transparency and that adequate compensation or alternative housing was not provided to the displaced families.

## Background

Mujahid Colony was established in the mid-20th century and primarily housed working-class families. Over time, the area became overcrowded due to rapid urbanization and unplanned development, which the government later classified as encroachment. Despite its informal status, the colony had basic infrastructure, including schools, small businesses, and community centers, which were also affected by the demolition.

## Current Status

As of 18 Jan, 2025, the area remains clearing and demolishing remaining houses, with the government planning to utilize the land for Alternative 100 ft road. The future of the displaced families remains uncertain, with many calling for rehabilitation measures and fair compensation.
# 1992 New York Film Critics Circle Awards

58th New York Film Critics Circle Awards
January 17, 1993
Best Picture: The Player
The 58th New York Film Critics Circle Awards honored the best filmmaking of 1992. The winners were announced on 17 December 1992 and the awards were given on 17 January 1993.

## Winners

* Best Actor:
** Denzel Washington - Malcolm X
** Runners-up: Harvey Keitel - Bad Lieutenant and Al Pacino - Scent of a Woman
* Best Actress:
** Emma Thompson - Howards End
** Runners-up: Susan Sarandon - Lorenzo's Oil and Michelle Pfeiffer - Love Field
* Best Cinematography:
** Jean Lépine - The Player
** Runners-up: Jean de Segonzac - Laws of Gravity and Zhao Fei - Raise the Red Lantern (Da hong deng long gao gao gua)
* Best Director:
** Robert Altman - The Player
** Runners-up: Clint Eastwood - Unforgiven and James Ivory - Howards End
* Best Documentary:
** Brother's Keeper
** Runners-up: American Dream and A Brief History of Time
* Best Film:
** The Player
** Runners-up: Unforgiven and Howards End
* Best Foreign Language Film:
** Raise the Red Lantern (Da hong deng long gao gao gua) • China/Hong Kong/Taiwan
** Runners-up: The Match Factory Girl (Tulitikkutehtaan tyttö) • Finland/Sweden and Indochine • France
* Best New Director:
** Allison Anders - Gas Food Lodging
** Runners-up: Quentin Tarantino - Reservoir Dogs and Tim Robbins - Bob Roberts
* Best Screenplay:
** Neil Jordan - The Crying Game
** Runners-up: Michael Tolkin - The Player and David Webb Peoples - Unforgiven
* Best Supporting Actor:
** Gene Hackman - Unforgiven
** Runners-up: Seymour Cassel - In the Soup and Jack Nicholson - A Few Good Men
* Best Supporting Actress:
** Miranda Richardson - The Crying Game, Enchanted April and Damage
** Runners-up: Judy Davis - Husbands and Wives and Alfre Woodard - Passion Fish
# Bifluoride

The bifluoride ion is an inorganic anion with the chemical formula [HF$_2$]$^−$. The anion is colorless. Salts of bifluoride are commonly encountered in the reactions of fluoride salts with hydrofluoric acid. The commercial production of fluorine involves electrolysis of bifluoride salts.

## Structure and bonding

The bifluoride ion has a linear, centrosymmetric structure (D$_{∞h}$ symmetry), with an F−H bond length of 114 pm. The bond strength is estimated to be greater than 155 kJ/mol. In molecular orbital theory, the atoms are modeled to be held together by a 3-center 4-electron bond (symmetrical hydrogen bond), in a sort of hybrid between a hydrogen bond and a covalent bond.

## Reactions

Salts, such as potassium bifluoride and ammonium bifluoride are produced by treating fluoride salts with hydrofluoric acid:
    M$^+$F$^−$ + HF → M$^+$[HF$_2$]$^−$, where M$^+$ = K$^+$ or [NH$_4$]$^+$
Potassium bifluoride binds a second equivalent of HF:
    K[HF$_2$] + HF → K[H$_2$F$_3$]
Heating these salts releases anhydrous HF.
The bifluoride anion is present in solutions of HF and buffered oxide etch, used in microfabrication etching. In these processes, bifluoride breaks down silicon oxides, doing more effectively than HF (~4.5 times faster).
    SiO$_2$ + 3[HF$_2$]$^−$ + H$^+$ → [SiF$_6$]$^{2−}$ + 2H$_2$O
# Joannes Corvus

Joannes Corvus (fl. 1512 – 1544), or Johannes Corvus, was a Flemish portrait painter who was active in the 16th century.

## Biography

Corvus has been identified with Jan Rave, a native of Bruges, received master in that town in 1512, who subsequently came to England, and, like many of his fellow-countrymen, Latinised his name.
George Vertue was the first to discover his existence, finding the inscription Joannes Corvus Flandrus faciebat on the frame of a portrait of Bishop Fox, the founder, at Corpus Christi College, Oxford, which he engraved for Richard Fiddes's Life of Cardinal Wolsey. In 1820 this portrait was placed in a new frame, and the old frame was destroyed. Vertue's statement is authenticated by the existence of a portrait of Mary Tudor, the daughter of Henry VII, which has a frame and inscription similar to that of Bishop Fox, as described by Vertue. This picture, after being restored extensively, was in the possession of the Des Vœux family, and subsequently in the Dent collection. In this portrait there is a groundwork of gold showing through the colour of the dress, which is painted over it.

## Gallery

* Richard Foxe
# Operation Yodel

Operation Yodel was an operation launched by the Rhodesian Security Forces on 13 September 1966 in response to an attack on civilians executed by communist insurgents who crossed over the border from Zambia into Rhodesia.
# D. Woodrow Bird

Daniel Woodrow Bird Sr. (July 6, 1912 – November 16, 1995) was an American politician who served in both houses of the Virginia General Assembly. He is best remembered for his pioneering work in establishing community colleges in Virginia which became a model for the rest of the United States.

## Career

Bird was a member of the Democratic Party and was first elected to the Virginia House of Delegates in 1947. He remained in that position until January 1956 when he became a state senator. He worked as a senator for the next 15 years; ending his career in 1971 when he chose not to seek reelection. He served as chairman of the Higher Education Study Commission from 1964 through 1966. In that position he played an instrumental role in establishing Virginia's statewide system of community colleges; a success that became a national model.
In the 1950s Bird served as chairman of the Virginia Senate Education Committee during the era of desegregation in the United States. The Washington Post stated, that he "once cast the swing vote to keep the state's public schools open and allow integration to move forward, rather than risk the complete shutdown of the system." He was chairman of the commission for economy of government affairs (later the JLAC commission). At the time of his retirement in 1971, he was chairman of the Senate's agriculture committee.
Bird was directory of Dairymen Inc. and served as chairman of the executive committee of the Great Lakes to Florida Highway Association. He was regional director of the First Virginia Bank Board.

## Personal life

Bird married Elizabeth Kegley Dunn. They had two daughters and two sons, Janet, Judith, Daniel W. Jr. and George Thomas II. He was a Mason and a member of Bland United Methodist Church.
Bird died on November 16, 1995, at his home in Bland.

## Awards

In 1971, Bird was awarded the Distinguished Service to Agriculture Award by the Virginia Farm Bureau Federation. In 1994, he received the Bland County Outstanding Citizenship Award.
# 1992 Origins Award winners

The following are the winners of the 19th annual (1992) Origins Award, presented at Origins 1993:
| Category | Winner | Company | Designer(s) |
| Best Historical Figure Series of 1992 | Ravenloft | Ral Partha | Dennis Mize |
| Best Vehicular Miniatures Series of 1992 | BattleTech Mechs & Vehicles | Ral Partha | Jeff Wilhelm, David Summers, Sandy Garrity, Richard Kerr, Tom Meier, Bob Charrette, Julie Guthrie |
| Best Vehicular Miniatures Series of 1992 | Ogre Miniatures | Ral Partha | Jeff Wilhelm, David Summers, Richard Kerr |
| Best Historical Figure Series of 1992 | Hyksos Ancient Biblical | Ral Partha | Jim Johnson |
| Best Miniatures Accessory Series of 1992 | Tiny Terrain 15mm Fantasy | Simtac | Martin Fenelon |
| Best Miniatures Rules of 1992 | Ogre Miniatures | Steve Jackson Games | Steve Jackson |
| Best Roleplaying Rules of 1992 | Shadowrun, 2nd Edition | FASA | Tom Dowd with Paul Hume, Bob Charrette |
| Best Roleplaying Adventure of 1992 | GURPS Cyberpunk Adventures | Steve Jackson Games | Editor Jeff Koke, designers David Pulver, Jak Koke, Timothy Keating |
| Best Roleplaying Supplement of 1992 | GURPS Illuminati | Steve Jackson Games | Nigel Findley |
| Best Graphic Presentation of a Roleplaying Game, Adventure, or Supplement of 1992 | Cthulhu for President (for Call of Cthulhu) | Chaosium | Charlie Krank, Les Brooks |
| Best Graphic Presentation of a Roleplaying Game, Adventure, or Supplement of 1992 | Shadowrun, 2nd Edition | FASA | Jeff Laubenstein, Joel Biske |
| Best Play-by-Mail Game of 1992 | Illuminati | Flying Buffalo | Draper Kauffman |
| Best Play-by-Mail Game of 1992 | Middle Earth | Game Systems Inc | William Feild, Peter Stassun |
| Best New Play-by-Mail Game of 1992 | Lords of Destiny | Maelstrom | |
| Best Pre-20th Century Boardgame of 1992 | SPQR | GMT | Mark Herman, Richard Berg |
| Best Modern-Day Boardgame of 1992 | Hacker | Steve Jackson Games | Steve Jackson |
| Best Fantasy or Science Fiction Boardgame of 1992 | Nuclear Proliferation | Flying Buffalo | Rick Loomis |
| Best Graphic Presentation of a Boardgame of 1992 | Battletech, 3rd Edition | FASA | Jeff Laubenstein, Jim Nelson |
| Best Fantasy or Science Fiction Computer Game of 1992 | Ultima Underworld | Origin Systems | |
| Best Military or Strategy Computer Game of 1992 | V for Victory | Three-Sixty Pacific | |
| Best Professional Adventure Gaming Magazine of 1992 | White Wolf | White Wolf | Stewart Wieck, Richard Thomas, Chris McDonough |
| Best Amateur Adventure Gaming Magazine of 1992 | Berg's Review of Games | Richard Berg | |
# Rachell Sumpter

Rachell Sumpter (born November 18, 1982, in Los Angeles, California) is an internationally recognized illustrator and artist working in Seattle, Washington. A graduate of the Art Center College of Design, Sumpter's exhibitions have included solo exhibitions at the Richard Heller Gallery (Los Angeles), Hosfelt Gallery (New York City) Foley Gallery and Motel (Portland). Her work has also been showcased in group exhibitions at Jack Hanley Gallery (San Francisco), the Orange County Museum of Art and LACMA, among others. She used to work at a university in Seattle.
In addition to her exhibition work, Sumpter also maintains a commercial illustration practice. Her ongoing work with Dave Eggers and McSweeney's can be seen in the cover art for Zeitoun and What is the What. Her other clients include Chronicle Books, Penguin Books, Random House and the New York Times.
# Sabaoon TV

Sabaoon TV is a 24-hour Pashto entertainment television channel based in Pakistan. It began transmitting on 17 March 2015 and carries popular dramas Hiras and Kali Pa Kali. It is the first Pashto high-definition television channel.

## Current programs

* Hiras by Bakht Rawan Bakht
* Hujra (Host: Ali Yousafzai & Arshad Qamar) is cultural based program
* Kali Pa Kali (Host: Ajmal khan Yousafzai) is a people and blogs based program
* Common Sense (Host: Wisal Khyal) is an entertainment program in which the common sense questions are asked
* Da Qaam Ghag (Host: Adil Yousafzai & Khalid Ayub) is a current affairs program
* Tesha e Ibrahimi (Host: Ibrahim Daood) a current affairs program
* Saudi Time (Host: Deryab Dolatkhel & Seemab Yousafzai) Entertainment program/interview /function etc
# Jimi system

The Jimi system (Chinese: 羈縻制) or Jimifuzhou (Chinese: 羈縻府州) was an autonomous administrative and political organization system used in China between the 7th century and 10th century. It should not be confused with the Chinese tributary system. The term "Jimi" was first seen in the annotation of Shiji quoted by Sima Zhen from a book of the Eastern Han dynasty, which implied to a man directing a horse or ox by the use of rein. Jimi administrative divisions were used primarily during the Tang dynasty from the 650s until the 740s. It was subsequently used in the Song, Yuan, Ming, and Qing dynasties under other names such as the Tusi system (Chinese: 土司制) until around 1726, when a new civil order under the Qing government was established.

## Characteristics

The system was a model of Chinese administrative units established for foreign rulers or chiefs that were either militarily subdued or self-subdued and naturalized. They received their duty from central authority while keeping their original status, and passed on their duty to heirs. They were to provide annual tribute, following the foreign policy and superintend by the central authority. In foreign policy, they would collaborate with the officials sent by the central authority in administration, participate in military affairs of central authority's interest, and obey the assignation made by the central authority. The system was first introduced by commander Li Daliang between August 23 and September 25, 630.
It mainly consisted of three levels: the command area (Chinese: 都督府), prefecture (Chinese: 州) and county (Chinese: 縣). Known collectively as Jimifuzhou or the loose-control administrative units, they were not commonly confused with Zhengzhou (Chinese: 正州) or the regular administrative units. In additions, there were also two loose-control protectorates (duhufu 都護府) established in the former Western Turkic Khaganate at around the Tarbagatai Mountains and Lake Balkhash in 658, the only loose-control protectorates ever established. In some cases, a moderate number of loose-control counties were also established under the jurisdiction of a regular prefecture at the border of Tang proper. The loose-control administrative units, specifically the command area and prefecture, were established shortly after a region, state or tribe was subdued and formed as a political division within the extent of a separated regular protectorate.
They were established in the area of today's northern Hebei, northern Shaanxi, Gansu, Ningxia, Inner Mongolia, Outer Mongolia, Siberia, Sogdiana and Afghanistan to the north and west, Hunan and Guangxi to the south, western Sichuan, Guizhou and Yunnan to the southwest, where they co-existed with the regular prefecture, and also parts of Inner and Central Asia during the early Tang empire. Until 755, there were approximately 1,000 or around 856 loose-control prefectures established within the former khaganate and state, about 2.6 times the regular prefecture.