OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# FS Class 740

The Ferrovie dello Stato (FS; Italian State Railways) Class 740 (Italian: Gruppo 740) is a class of 2-8-0 'Consolidation' steam locomotives.

## Design and construction

The FS Class 740 locomotives were designed as the simple expansion and superheated version of the earlier FS Class 730; after the success of the FS Class 640. The first locomotives were built in 1911 and production continued (albeit with a long interruption caused by World War I) through to late 1923. In total, 470 were built, making the Class 740 the most numerous locomotive to be built for the Ferrovie dello Stato.
The first locomotives of the class were built with right-hand drive, but from 740.204 onwards this was changed to left-hand drive; some had six-wheeled tenders while others had bogeyed tenders giving a higher water capacity.

## Operations

Built for heavy freight work, the Class 740 saw service across the whole FS network, with virtually any locomotive shed having had some of them assigned to it at some point; other than freight trains, they were also usually employed for passenger services on secondary lines. Having been built for wide route availability (and therefore requiring a low axle load), they are generally considered successful locomotives, well-suited for the role they were built for, although some have criticised their rather poor steaming. Although their official top speed was set at 65 km/h (40 mph), several locomotives have proved capable of reaching higher speeds of around 80 km/h (50 mph).
The Class 740 remained in active service until the end of regular Italian steam in the 1970s. Some of the class were still assigned to various sheds as reserve motive power into the early 1990s.

## Experiments and conversions
### Caprotti valve gear

In 1921, locomotive 740.324 became the first FS locomotive to be fitted experimentally with Caprotti valve gear; the results were satisfactory, and locomotives 740.440–740.445 were modified during construction with the new valve gear and were classified in the separate Class 741, to be renumbered in 1930 as 740.691-697. An improved valve gear was fitted in 1932 to 740.352, which was renumbered 740.852; the valve gear was replaced by standard Walschaerts valve gear in 1955, and the remaining locomotives with Caprotti valve gear (which, although more efficient, required more refined maintenance) were withdrawn by the 1960s.

### Franco-Crosti locomotives

In 1942, five 740 (numbers 339, 367, 392, 396 and 405) were rebuilt with a Franco-Crosti boiler, and fitted with a streamlined casing (more for aesthetical reasons than for any aerodynamic advantages). In 1951, these locomotives (with the casing removed) were renumbered into the FS Class 743, and 88 more were rebuilt until 1953. A modified version, with a single pre-heater under the boiler (instead of two placed alongside it), was classified as FS Class 741, and 81 of them were rebuilt between 1958 and 1960.

## Preservation

Forty-nine Class 740 locomotives have survived into preservation. Three of them (the 740.278, 293 and 423) are currently operational and available for heritage trains, while others are under or awaiting restoration.
# Whalerock Industries

Whalerock Industries Holding Company, LLC, commonly referred to as Whalerock Industries, is an American media and technology company. Based in West Hollywood, Whalerock partners with public figures and brands to create, build and operate direct-to-consumer multi-media apps which integrate music, video, live streaming, e-commerce, and gaming. Whalerock's partners include Sirius XM, Howard Stern, Warner Bros., Pottermore, MTV, Comedy Central, CMT, MSN, Microsoft, the Kardashian/Jenner sisters, and Tyler the Creator. The multi-media apps were described by Wired as "promising a new kind of interaction—one with more control (and money) for celebrities and more content (and exclusive allure) for super fans."
Whalerock also produces and develops content for film, television, and stage, and develops and operates emoji keyboards for Kim Kardashian (Kimoji), the Los Angeles Lakers, (Showtime! Stickers), Ellen DeGeneres (Emoji Exploji), and the NFL Players Association (Any Given Emoji).

## History

Whalerock Industries was founded in January 2014 by Lloyd Braun, previously the president of Brillstein-Grey Entertainment, the chairman of the ABC Entertainment Group, and the head of the Yahoo! Media Group. In 2005, he predicted that celebrities would become "more directly in contact with their fans, and that "instead of watching them through a cable box, you could see them on the Web and interact with them more." The Street wrote in 2015 that Braun was doing "exactly" that, "but using mobile and over-the-top distribution over the Internet without traditional networks, cable TV, or even major social networking sites."
Braun founded Whalerock Industries following his buyout of BermanBraun, a media production company he co-founded with Gail Berman. In 2015, the investment firm GF Capital acquired a minority stake in the company, MGM renewed its existing TV and film deal with Whalerock, and launched the direct-to-consumer over-the-top media hubs were launched. In 2016, the investment company Insight Venture Partners acquired a minority stake in the company.
In September 2018, RockYou acquired Mom.me and Purple Clover from Whalerock Industries for an undisclosed amount.

## Properties
### Film and television

* Nuts + Bolts (television)
* Battlebots (television)
* The Jellies! (television)
* The Addams Family (film)

### Digital

* Tested
* Khloe Kardashian
* Kylie Jenner
* Kimoji
# FS Class E.405

The FS Class E.405 is a class of electric locomotive built in 42 units by ADTranz (now Bombardier Transportation Italy) originally for the Polish State Railways (PKP), but later acquired by Trenitalia Italian state railways.

## History

The locomotives were originally commissioned by PKP in 1996 and the units were assembled in Poland at Wrocław Pafawag's plant, designated as PKP Class EU11 (manufacturer's designation: Adtranz-Pafawag 113E). After a short operational stint of 8 locomotives on the Warsaw-Berlin line, they were sold to Italy's Ferrovie dello Stato (FS), which later rechristened them as E.405 in May 2003.
They are a development of the similar E.412, which are however designed for international goods transport and have polycurrent motor equipment (E.405 can operate only on 3000 V direct current lines). They have a maximum speed of 200 km/h (120 mph) with trains up to 600 t (590 long tons; 660 short tons), although in Italy they can be used only up to 160 km/h (99 mph) (140 km/h or 87 mph for goods trains). Thanks to their relatively large initial tractive effort (250 kN or 56,000 lb$_f$), they can haul both heavy goods and fast passenger trains.
They are mainly in service on the Brenner Line for goods transport.
# FS Class E.620

The FS Class E.620 was a class of third-rail electric locomotives built by Officine Meccaniche Reggiane for the Italian State Railways (FS). They were built in 1925 using motors and electrical equipment from Class E.10 railcars which had been withdrawn in 1923. After World War II they were converted to 3,000 volt DC operation and became FS Class E.621.
They were equipped with six nose-suspended direct current traction motors with a total output of 950 kW (1,270 hp). This power was transferred to the axles via a geared final drive and through this they had a maximum speed of 85 km/h (53 mph). They received power from a 650 V DC third rail system, with the traction current being picked up by contact shoes.
# FS Class E.621

The FS Class E.621 was a class of five electric locomotives of the Italian State Railways (FS). They were rebuilt in 1947 from FS Class E.620, which was originally built in 1925. The main change was conversion from 650 V DC third rail to 3,000 V DC overhead line power supply.
The E.620 were articulated in two obviously separate sections, each with their own frames and bodywork. The cab was on one section giving something of a 'steeplecab' appearance and there was no body section spanning the articulated join. The rebuilt E.621 were very similar, although the bodywork was reworked or replaced. The cab now carried the single diamond pantograph and the two windows in each side were replaced by a single window. The prominent air brake reservoir cylinders were relocated from the cab roof to internally. The electrical equipment covers were now wider and higher. The increased amount of equipment on board required more air cooling, now through mesh grilles on the sides of the covers. Originally there had been external walkways, with railings, outboard of the equipment covers but there was no longer enough width for these and the only handrails were for the steps to the cab. A second set of cab steps was added for the other end of the cab.

## Electrical conversion

The locomotives were built in 1925 by the Officine Meccaniche Reggiane, reusing electrical parts from withdrawn railcars. There were two 3-axle bogies and six traction motors, giving a maximum speed of 85 km/h. The motors were nose-suspended and geared to the axles.
The rebuild was done to enable the locomotives to work under a 3,000-volt overhead line power supply and to cope with a post-war shortage of locomotives. In order to use the electrical equipment, and the 650-volt motors, without excessive modifications, the metadyne system was adopted. This halved the line voltage of 3,000 volts to 1,500 volts. The 1,500 volt supply was then fed to the motors in series pairs, giving 750 volts per motor. The power output was increased from 950 kW (1,270 hp) continuous to 1,350 kW (1,810 hp) (1 hour rating).

## Service

All were used for station pilot duties at Milano Centrale, reducing the number of steam locomotives and their smoke underneath the station's overall roof. They also worked around the Milan area, and the station of Porta Nuova. They were based at, and finally stored before scrapping, the engine depot of Milano Smistamento [it].
# Stonehaven (Media, Pennsylvania)

"Stonehaven", also known as the John and Sarah Lundgren House, is an historic, American home that is located in Chester Heights, Delaware County, Pennsylvania.
It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1996.

## History and architectural features

The original section of this historic structure was built in 1799, and is a 2+1⁄2-story, five-bay by two-bay stone building. It is a vernacular, Federal-era dwelling with a Georgian plan. A two-bay, stone kitchen addition was built in 1811, and a wood-frame section was added to that after 1910.
It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1996.
# Shunjiang Road station

Shunjiang Road Station is a metro station at Chengdu, Sichuan, China. It opened on December 18, 2020, with the opening of Chengdu Metro Line 6.
# National Pictures

National Pictures is a former Indian film production and distribution company active from the 1950s to 1970s.
The company was founded by P. A. Perumal Mudaliar, and distributed more than 200 films. Shivaji Ganesan and M. R. Radha were introduced to Tamil cinema by this company.

## Notable films

* Parasakthi (1952) - The first film starring Shivaji Ganesan
* Ratha Kanneer (1954) - The first film starring MR Radha
* Petra Manam (1960)
* Thangathurai (1972)
# Fulminic acid

Fulminic acid is an acid with the formula HCNO, more specifically H−C≡N$^+$−O$^−$. It is an isomer of isocyanic acid (H−N=C=O) and of its elusive tautomer, cyanic acid (H−O−C≡N), and also of isofulminic acid (H−O−N$^+$≡C$^−$).
Fulminate is the anion [C$^−$≡N$^+$−O$^−$] or any of its salts. For historical reasons, the fulminate functional group is understood to be −O−N$^+$≡C$^−$ as in isofulminic acid; whereas the group −C≡N$^+$O$^−$ is called nitrile oxide.

## History

This chemical was known since the early 1800s through its salts and via the products of reactions in which it was proposed to exist, but the acid itself was not detected until 1966.

## Structure

Fulminic acid was long believed to have a structure of H–O–N$^+$≡C$^−$. It wasn't until the 1966 isolation and analysis of a pure sample of fulminic acid that this structural idea was conclusively disproven. The chemical that actually has that structure, isofulminic acid (a tautomer of the actual fulminic acid structure) was eventually detected in 1988.
The structure of the molecule has been determined by microwave spectroscopy with the following bond-lengths - C-H: 1.027(1) Å, C-N: 1.161(15) Å, N-O: 1.207(15) Å.

## Synthesis

A convenient synthesis involves flash pyrolysis of certain oximes. In contrast to earlier syntheses, this method avoids the use of highly explosive metal fulminates.
# Beijing Special Weapons and Tactics Unit

Beijing Municipal Public Security Bureau Counter-Terrorism and Special Police Corps (Chinese: 北京市公安局反恐怖和特警总队) referred to as Beijing SWAT (Chinese: 北京特警), is a police tactical unit within the Beijing Municipal Public Security Bureau that deals with incidents beyond the capabilities of normal patrol officers such as hostage situations, high risk warrants and riot control. The unit, along with the Snow Leopard Commando Unit (SLCU), was tasked with many of the security responsibilities of the 2008 Summer Olympics. It is reputed to be one of the most well-equipped and well-trained of all the tactical units of public security agencies in the PRC.

## History

The Beijing SWAT and Snow Leopard Commando Unit (SLCU) were unveiled in a demonstration at the Beijing Police Academy on April 27, 2006, as part of a public relations effort to illustrate the capabilities of the Beijing Police to deal with terrorism issues, protection of delegates, and to enforce law and order in the 2008 Beijing Olympics. The unit has in recent years received training and advice from Western counter-terrorism units. In June 2008, the unit's 120-operator No. 1st Detachment was renamed Blue Sword (蓝剑, "Lán jiàn") Commando Unit.

## Role

Typically expected of a police tactical unit from any country will be the role of a tactical response team to handle hostage-rescue, high-risk warrants, VIP or dangerous criminal escort duties and sometimes counter-terrorism and anti-riot duties.

## Organization

The Beijing SWAT is divided into sub-units consisting of but not limited to: a aviation unit (航空队), an underwater diving unit (潜水队), female SWAT unit (女子特警队) and a K9 unit (警犬队).

### Training

Recruits are selected from six colleges, including the Beijing Sports University and Chinese People's Public Security University. Beijing SWAT members are trained, aside from combat tactics, in many subjects including English, etiquette, cultural dynamics, intelligence gathering, counter-terrorism and anti-riot and anti-nuclear and biological warfare tactics. All SWAT operatives undergo psychiatric evaluation.

### Weapons and equipment

The unit is armed with a variety of domestically manufactured weapons such as QBZ-95 assault rifles and QSZ-92 pistols.
Vehicles
In preparation for the 2008 Summer Olympics, the local government allocated CNY 280 million for the Beijing SWAT to procure equipment for operations, some of which went into purchasing specialized vehicles for various duties including the Hummer H2 and APC's.
# 2019 in Uzbekistan

Events in the year 2019 in Uzbekistan.

## Incumbents

* President: Shavkat Mirziyoyev
* Prime Minister: Abdulla Aripov

## Events

* 2019 Uzbekistan Super League
* 2 February – The Agency for Information and Mass Communication is established
* 11 February – President Mirziyoyev fired SNB head Ikhtiyor Abdullayev after he was accused of conducting surveillance on President Mirziyoyev's personal phone.
* 18 to 21 April – South Korean President Moon Jae In conducts a state visit to Tashkent
* 23 to 28 April – 2019 Asian Cycling Championships in Tashkent
* 2019 FC Bunyodkor season
* 12 April – President Mirziyoyev names his daughter Saida, as the deputy director of the Agency for Information and Mass Communication.
* 10 June – the 14th annual edition of AgroExpo Uzbekistan will take place
# Dalrympelea grandis

Dalrympelea grandis is a plant in the family Staphyleaceae. It is native to Borneo.

## Description

Dalrympelea grandis grows as a tree up to 20 m (70 ft) tall with a trunk diameter of up to 30 cm (12 in). The greyish bark is smooth. The leathery leaves are oblong to ovate and measure up to 25 cm (10 in) long and up to 13 cm (5 in) wide. The inflorescences, in panicles, feature yellow flowers. The roundish fruits measure up to 2 cm (0.8 in) long.

## Taxonomy

Dalrympelea grandis was first described as Turpinia grandis in 1960 by B. L. van der Linden in Flora Malesiana. In 2010, botanist A. T. Nor-Ezzawanis transferred the species to the genus Dalrympelea. The type specimen was collected near the Kiau River in Borneo. The specific epithet grandis means 'large', referring to the leaves.

## Distribution and habitat

Dalrympelea grandis is endemic to Borneo. Its habitat is on hills or by rivers.
# Tzachi Zamir

Tzachi Zamir (Hebrew: צחי זמיר; born February 13, 1967) is an Israeli philosopher and literary critic specialising in the philosophy of literature, the philosophy of theatre, and animal ethics. He is Professor of English and General & Comparative Literature at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem.

## Academic career

Zamir studied at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem and Tel-Aviv University, going on to be a Rothschild and Fulbright postdoctoral fellow in philosophy at The University of Chicago. He joined the English department of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem in 2004 as a lecturer, and is now Professor of English and General & Comparative Literature.
Zamir is the author of the 2006 book Double Vision: Moral Philosophy and Shakespearean Drama and the 2007 book Ethics & the Beast: A Speciesist Argument for Animal Liberation, both published by Princeton University Press. His 2014 book Acts: Theater, Philosophy, and the Performing Self was published by the University of Michigan Press. In 2018, he published both the monograph Ascent: Philosophy and Paradise Lost and the edited collection Shakespeare's Hamlet: Philosophical Perspectives with Oxford University Press, and in 2020 he published Just Literature: Philosophical Criticism and Justice with Routledge.
While most contemporary scholars involved with animal ethics have written in favour of veganism, Zamir however has defended vegetarianism.

## Personal life

Zamir lives with his wife and three children in Hod HaSharon.

## Selected publications

* "Veganism" (Journal of Social Philosophy, 2004)
* Double Vision: Moral Philosophy and Shakespearean Drama (Princeton University Press, 2006)
* Ethics & the Beast: A Speciesist Argument for Animal Liberation (Princeton University Press, 2007)
* "Killing for Pleasure" (Between the Species, 2011)
* Acts: Theater, Philosophy, and the Performing Self (University of Michigan Press, 2014)
* Ascent: Philosophy and Paradise Lost (Oxford University Press, 2018)
* Just Literature: Philosophical Criticism and Justice (Routledge, 2020)
# West Creek (Cobleskill Creek tributary)

West Creek flows through Seward, New York, and Hyndsville, New York, before converging with Cobleskill Creek in Warnerville, New York.
# Monegundis

Monegundis (also Monegund, Monegundes, Monegunda, died 570 AD) was a Frankish hermit and saint. A native of Chartres, she married and bore her husband daughters. When her daughters died in childhood, she decided to become an anchorite after a long bout with depression, and after receiving permission from her husband.
She founded a hermitage, consisting of a private room, at Chartres. She later moved to a site near the tomb of Saint Martin at Tours. She thence acquired a reputation for holiness. This attracted other women to a similar lifestyle, and Monegundis devised a monastic rule that led to the founding of the convent of Saint Pierre-le-Puellier.
Her feast day in the General Roman Calendar on July 2.
# Sunset Park Pavilion

Sunset Park Pavilion, also known as the Sunset Park Shelter House/Pagoda, is a historic park pavilion located at Evansville, Indiana. It was built in 1912, and is a one-story shelter house in the form of a Japanese pagoda. It is constructed of reinforced concrete and is topped by a red tile roof that is characteristically upturned at the corners. It was originally an open air facility, but has been enclosed. It was restored in 1993 and now houses the Evansville convention and visitors bureau.
It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1992.
# Russ Howell

Russell Wayne Howell (born September 1949) is a professional skateboarder. While working towards his degree in physical education, Howell competed and won many freestyle skateboarding competitions throughout his skating career.

## Life and career

Howell was born in September 1949 in Winston-Salem, North Carolina, but moved with his family to Long Beach, California when he was nine months old. Howell first began skateboarding at the age of 9 in 1958.$^{:83}$ At the age of 19, Howell entered the United States Air Force, where his roommate got him interested in skiing. After his service, he received a two-year degree in mathematics from a junior college. From there, Howell studied physical education at California State University, Long Beach, eventually earning a Bachelor's degree in 1979.
While working and going to school full-time, Howell began teaching people how to skateboard for free. Encouraged by his students to try competing in a skate contest, he enrolled as a competitor in the 1975 Dyno Championships in Huntington Beach Mall. Howell ended up placing first in the men's freestyle event, and was deemed the second-best overall skater. This was the first in a string of freestyle contest wins for Howell. Most notably, he won the senior men's freestyle event at the 1975 Bahne/Cadillac National Skateboard Championships in Del Mar, California, the same competition that helped propel the Z-Boys to notoriety.
Russ set a Guinness World record for longest handstand on a skateboard (2 minutes). In 1979, he set an unofficial record by performing 163 consecutive 360-degree spins on his skateboard.$^{:xvii}$ Russ is the first professional skateboarder and opened up the sport to professionalism. He served on many organizational boards in an effort to elevate the sport. He also worked in the Long Beach Unified School District as a substitute teacher. He is a member of the Thrasher Hall of Fame. He currently skates for Decomposed Skateboards.
During the 1970s, Russ Howell built his own wheels (Howell Freestyle Wheels) for his freestyle boards. In 1975, he was sponsored by Grentec, whose plastic skateboards he promoted. However, Howell became disillusioned with Grentec; according to him, the company did not pay him, and the boards he received felt cheap.$^{:63}$ In 1992, Howell moved to Boise, Idaho.

## Legacy

Howell is regarded as one of the earliest professional freestyle skateboarders who wanted to help skateboarding gain legitimacy as a sport. Stacy Peralta of the Z-Boys recalled that Howell "might have been one of the only skaters to get paid at the time" in 1975.$^{:62}$ An issue of Skateboarder magazine that same year described him as "a model competitor", and that he "has done more than anyone to promote the credibility of skateboarding by taking it into the dance-art form stage." Regarding his beliefs, Howell said, "I was a physical-education major, and I wanted to help integrate skateboarding into public school athletics and into a place where the International Olympic Committee would consider it a sport."$^{:62}$