OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Kim Ŭngu

Kim Ŭngu (Korean: 김응우; June 17, 1848 – October 4, 1878) was a Mangyongdae farmer who was the father of Kim Pohyŏn, grandfather of Kim Hyong-jik, great-grandfather of Kim Il Sung, and ancestor of the Kim family. In North Korea, he is a national hero.

## Life

He was born on June 17, 1848, in the Mangyongdae settlement of Joseon (now part of Pyongyang) as the eldest child of Kim Song-ryeong (김송령, 金成瑛; 1810–1899) and Na Hyeon-jik (나현직, 羅賢植; 1811–1897). He had three brothers: Kim Ŭiguk (김의국; 1854–1947), Kim Chongsu (김종수; 1855–1943), and Kim Insŏk (김인석; 1863–1952). The first name of his wife is unknown, but it is certain that he married a lady with the surname Ri. Only one son was born from their marriage, who was named Kim Pohyŏn.

## Participation in the General Sherman incident

Contemporary writings and North Korean sources contradict each other regarding Kim Ŭngu's role in the General Sherman incident, when an armed American merchant ship sailed up the Taedong River with the intention of forcing the isolationist Joseon (modern day Korea) to open up to trade with the United States.

### North Korean version of events

According to North Korea, the incident occurred as follows:
The General Sherman arrived in Joseon in August 1866 (according to the lunar calendar it was still July). The crew of the ship, which had originally arrived for trading purposes, decided to take an unexpected step and sailed on towards the interior of Pyongyang. To prevent this, Kim and his companions stretched ropes across the Taedong River. When Kim Ŭngu found out that the Americans were firing cannons at the Korean residents, looting, and even inquiring about the whereabouts of the royal tombs, he recruited an army of volunteers who loaded firewood into wooden boats and took them to the American ship and set it on fire. The American ship caught fire and sank. The Americans later sent another ship, the Shenandoah, as revenge, but the Koreans, again led by Kim Ŭngu, sank it.

### Contemporary version

The Joseon described the incident as follows:
The American ship wanted to trade with the Joseon people, who refused because it was forbidden by law to trade with people from foreign countries. The Americans sailed on without permission from the Koreans, and in response, the Koreans attacked and sank the ship during days of fighting.

## Death and legacy

Kim Ŭngu died young, at the age of 30, of unknown causes. In North Korea, led by his successors, he is remembered to this day as the leader of the attack on the General Sherman and a national hero.
# Newcastle upon Tyne City Police

Newcastle upon Tyne City Police was the Home Office police force and a constabulary that served the city of Newcastle upon Tyne.
It was formed in 1836 when Newcastle was one of Europe's biggest industrial cities. It was the first modern police force, formed three years before the County Police Act 1839. The force had stations at Pilgrim Street in the City Centre, Arthur's Hill, Headlam Street, and Red Barnes, with section stations at Walker, Heaton, Kenton and Benwell village. The Pilgrim Street station was also a fire station. Each foot beat had a large police box where officers could rest and 'ring-in' to their main station and the public had access to a phone for advice or to summon help.
At its peak Newcastle City had almost 1,000 police officers with MGB sports cars in its motor patrol fleet as well as its own specially tailored uniforms. On 1 April 1969 it was amalgamated into the Northumberland Constabulary under the Police Act 1964.
Newcastle upon Tyne City Police lost its identity after the 1969 mergers when the new Northumberland Constabulary was formed. Based at Pilgrim Street police station (now closed and relocated at Forth Banks), the old Newcastle City police HQ, like many multifunctional police forces, also housed the Magistrates Courts and fire station. It was designed by Cackett, Burns, Dick and MacKellar and opened in 1934. The classical elements of Corinthian columns and Egyptian solidity is clearly present, and it is also noted for its mock Babylonian sculptures. It only ended its use as police headquarters after the establishment of Northumbria Police after 1974 which moved to Ashington, then Ponteland sometime later. It also housed one of the two server storage systems for Northumbria Police that backs up and shares contingency information (disaster recovery) with its twin in Ponteland. This changed in 2011 when a new computer system became operational, and the disaster recovery system was moved to South Shields.
# 1908–09 Scottish Cup

The 1908–09 Scottish Cup was the 36th season of Scotland's most prestigious football knockout competition. The Cup was not awarded in this season due to serious riots in the replay of the final between Rangers and Celtic.

## Calendar

| Round | First match date | Fixtures | Clubs |
| First Round | 23 January 1909 | 16 | 32 → 16 |
| Second Round | 6 February 1909 | 8 | 16 → 80 |
| Quarter-finals | 20 February 1909 | 4 | 8 → 4 |
| Semi-finals | 20 March 1909 | 2 | 4 → 2 |
| Final | 10 April 1909 | 1 | 2 → 1 |

## First round

| Home team | Score | Away team |
| Alloa | 2 – 2 | St Mirren |
| Broxburn | 1 – 1 | Beith |
| Clyde | 4 – 0 | Dykehead |
| Dundee | 9 – 0 | Ayr Parkhouse |
| Falkirk | 2 – 1 | East Stirlingshire |
| Hamilton Academical | 0 – 0 | Queen's Park |
| Heart of Midlothian | 2 – 1 | Kilmarnock |
| Hibernian | 2 – 1 | Ayr |
| Leith Athletic | 2 – 4 | Celtic |
| Greenock Morton | 0 – 4 | Aberdeen |
| Motherwell | 6 – 1 | Elgin City |
| Port Glasgow Athletic | 5 – 0 | Dunblane |
| St Johnstone | 0 – 3 | Rangers |
| Third Lanark | 5 – 1 | Brechin City |
| Vale of Leven | 8 – 0 | Airdrieonians |
| West Calder Swifts | 0 – 0 | Partick Thistle |

### Replays

| Home team | Score | Away team |
| Airdrieonians | 1 – 0 | Vale of Leven |
| Beith | 0 – 0 | Broxburn |
| Partick Thistle | Walkover | West Calder Swifts |
| Queen's Park | 2 – 0 | Hamilton Academical |
| St Mirren | 5 – 0 | Alloa Athletic |

### Second replay

| Home team | Score | Away team |
| Beith | 1 – 1 (a.e.t.) | Broxburn |
Match played at Ibrox Park

### Third replay

| Home team | Score | Away team |
| Beith | 1 – 1 (a.e.t.) | Broxburn |
Match played at Ibrox

### Fourth replay

| Home team | Score | Away team |
| Beith | 4 – 2 | Broxburn |
Match played at Love Street

## Second round

| Home team | Score | Away team |
| Airdrieonians | 2 – 0 | Heart of Midlothian |
| Celtic | 4 – 0 | Port Glasgow Athletic |
| Clyde | 1 – 0 | Hibernian |
| Dundee | 0 – 0 | Rangers |
| Motherwell | 1 – 3 | Falkirk |
| Queen's Park | 3 – 0 | Partick Thistle |
| St Mirren | 3 – 0 | Beith |
| Third Lanark | 4 – 1 | Aberdeen |

### Replay

| Home team | Score | Away team |
| Rangers | 1 – 0 | Dundee |

## Quarter-finals

| Home team | Score | Away team |
| Celtic | 3 – 1 | Airdrieonians |
| Clyde | 3 – 1 | St Mirren |
| Rangers | 1 – 0 | Queen's Park |
| Third Lanark | 1 – 2 | Falkirk |
# Rituals (novel)

Rituals (Dutch: Rituelen) is a 1980 novel by Dutch writer Cees Nooteboom.
The novel's narrative follows two friends, one who breaks rules frequently and one who follows them strictly. It was Nooteboom's first novel in 17 years. After finishing The Knight Has Died (1963), he had worked as a journalist, written poetry, and traveled around the world, "looking for something to write about".
Rituals won the Ferdinand Bordewijk Prize and the Pegasus Prize. It was published in an English translation in 1983 by Louisiana State University Press, which also published English translations of other works by Nooteboom through 1990.
The novel was adapted as a 1988 French-language film with the same title, directed by Herbert Curiel.

## Plot summary

Amsterdam, 1963: The novel begins with Inni Wintrop, a disillusioned and aimless man in his early thirties, living in Amsterdam. He is adrift in life, working as a translator and struggling to find meaning. Inni's life is marked by a series of failed relationships and a sense of detachment from the world around him. He becomes involved with a woman named Zita, but their relationship is strained and ultimately unfulfilling. Inni's existential crisis deepens as he reflects on the emptiness of his existence and the repetitive, ritualistic nature of daily life.
Amsterdam, 1973: The second part of the novel jumps forward ten years. Inni is now in his early forties and still grappling with the same existential questions. He encounters a wealthy, eccentric businessman named Arnold Taads, who lives a highly structured and ritualized life. Taads represents a stark contrast to Inni's chaotic and aimless existence. Taads's life is governed by strict routines and rituals, which he believes give his life order and meaning. Inni is both fascinated and repelled by Taads's worldview, and their interactions force him to confront his own lack of purpose. Despite his rigid self-discipline, Arnold is deeply unhappy and ultimately takes his own life.
Amsterdam, 1979: The final part of the novel takes place six years later. Inni is now in his late forties and has become increasingly isolated. Arnold’s estranged son, who, in contrast to his father, embraces Eastern philosophy and asceticism. He isolates himself in a world of tea ceremonies and Zen-like contemplation, rejecting modern society. However, his extreme detachment leads him to an equally tragic fate. Inni reflects on the passage of time and the inevitability of death. Inni's life is still marked by a sense of disconnection, but he begins to find a kind of peace in accepting the rituals and routines that structure human existence. The novel ends on a contemplative note, with Inni acknowledging the cyclical nature of life and the role that rituals play in providing a sense of continuity and meaning.

## Reception

The novel was praised by critics. It won the Ferdinand Bordewijk Prize and the Pegasus Prize.

## Adaptations

* A 1988 French-language feature film by the same title was adapted from this novel. It was directed by Herbert Curiel. and starred Derek de Lint.
# Nelly Attar

Nelly Attar (Arabic: ‎نيللي عطار) is a mountaineer from Lebanon/Saudi Arabia who in 2022, became the first Arab woman to summit K2. Attar is a former psychologist. She has an MRes in psychology and has worked four years as a therapist, prior to shifting into sports.

## Early life

Attar is a Saudi-born Lebanese. She completed her academic studies in Psychology and was awarded a B.Sc. from the American University of Beirut, and MRes from Kingston University in London. She started her career as a psychologist and life coach. Attar later shifted careers to follow her passion for fitness and physical activity.

## Climbing career

Attar started mountain climbing in 2007 when she climbed Mount Kenya. In 2015, she climbed Kilimanjaro, and in 2016, climbed Elbrus. In 2017, Attar scaled several major mountains including Aconcagua, Mont Blanc, Gran Paradiso, Mount Stanley, and Mount Speke. The following year she re-climbed Kilimanjaro, and ascended Lenin Peak, Island Peak, and Lobuche.
In 2019, Attar along with three other Arab Women, Joyce Azzam, Mona Shahab, and Nadhira Al Harthy, climbed Everest. It was described as an "all-woman Arab team".
In 2021, Attar scaled Denali (turning back 100m from the summit), and Ama Dablam. In 2022, Attar scaled K2, completed the Breithorn Traverse Traverse, and ascended the Matterhorn.
Attar has claimed a number of firsts in her mountaineering career, becoming the first Arab woman to Summit the K2 in 2022, the first Arab woman to summit Mount Stanley and Mount Speke in 2017, and the first Lebanese Woman to climb Ama Dablam and the Matterhorn.
Attar became the first Lebanese to summit Lhotse in May 2024.

## Awards

Attar has received multiple awards throughout her career, including a Guinness World Record for the highest number of four-finger pull-ups in one minute. In 2023, Attar was honored with the Laureus Sporting Moment Award in recognition of her achievements..In 2023 as well, Attar was recognized by Fast Company as one of the Most Creative People in Business for “Rewriting the Rules.”

## Other activities

Attar launched MOVE in 2017, during the time Saudi started undergoing national transformation. MOVE is the first dance studio in Saudi Arabia.
Attar has scaled 23+ peaks globally since 2015. She has also completed 6 Marathons, a dozen triathlons, and 1 ultramarathon; Hajar trail race.
In 2023, Attar set the female record for the Most Four Finger Pull-ups (2 fingers per hand) in 1 minute.
# Babar Kot

Babar Kot is an archeological site belonging to the Indus Valley civilisation and is located in the Saurashtra region of Gujarat, India. It is 325 km away from Ahmedabad and 152 km away from Bhavnagar and 15 km away from rajula and is located in Jafarabad taluka.

## Excavation

Gregory Possehl, of University of Pennsylvania has undertaken a detailed study at this site as well as at Rojdi and Oriyo timbo. The area was a pre historic port and burial site for one of the Pharos during or preceding the intermediate period.

## Historical significance

This site is classified as belonging to the Late Harappan period and measures about 2.7 hectares; Babar Kot had a stone fortification wall.

## Plant findings

Findings from this site include plant remains of millets, gram and bajra (pennisetum typhoideum) among other findings. Furthermore, it is indicated that Bajra might have been present at this site during the third millennium BCE. An archaeological study using ethnographic models provided evidence of two crops at Babar kot, one in summer and another during winter.

## Animal findings

Findings from this site also included animal remains of cattle, goat, sheep, and pigs. An archaeological study revealed evidence of eleucine coracana, which probably was used as green fodder for the animals.
# USS Hilbert

USS Hilbert (DE-742) was a Cannon-class destroyer escort in service with the United States Navy from 1944 to 1946. She was sold for scrapping in 1973.

## Namesake

Ernest Lenard Hilbert was born on 14 June 1920 at Quinn, South Dakota. He enlisted in the United States Navy on 10 April 1940 at Los Angeles, California. In November 1940 he was assigned duty with Bombing Squadron 6 and took part in attacks on the Marshall Islands, Wake Island, and Marcus Island.
On 4 June 1942 during the Battle of Midway Aviation Ordnanceman Hilbert was killed during an aerial attack against Imperial Japanese Navy forces when his aircraft was shot down. he was posthumously awarded the Distinguished Flying Cross.

## History

The ship was launched on 18 July 1943 by the Western Pipe and Steel Company; sponsored by Mrs. Fern Hilbert Wier, sister of Aviation Ordnanceman Hilbert; and commissioned on 4 February 1944. After shakedown out of California Hilbert departed San Francisco, California, on 13 May 1944 escorting a transport. Arriving Pearl Harbor on 20 May, she proceeded to Kwajalein and joined the U.S. 5th Fleet. From June through August Hilbert screened the fueling group of Admiral R. K. Turner's Northern Attack Force for the capture of Saipan and Tinian. The Marianas were stoutly and bitterly contested, requiring great flexibility and fortitude before our fleet conquered the rugged and well-defended islands.
Hilbert also played a key role in protecting our oilers which fueled Admiral Marc Mitscher's Fast Carrier Task Force engaged in the Battle of the Philippine Sea — one of the most decisive battles of the war.
In October Hilbert joined Admiral Halsey's U.S. 3rd Fleet and screened the logistics group for the Battle of Leyte Gulf. She also participated in supporting actions in the operations against the Philippines, Iwo Jima, Okinawa and the Japanese home islands.
Hilbert, with other units of the 3rd Fleet, anchored for the first time in Japanese waters at Sagami Wan on 9 September 1945. Departing Tokyo on 29 September Hilbert sailed to Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, via Los Angeles, California, and the Panama Canal Zone, and thence to Green Cove Springs, Florida, arriving on 17 December.
She decommissioned on 19 June 1946 and joined the Reserve Fleet. In February 1952 Hilbert joined the Reserve Fleet at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, where she remained until she was sold for scrapping, on 15 October 1973.

## Awards

Hilbert received eight battle stars for World War II service.
# Ririo language

Ririo is a nearly extinct indigenous language of Choiseul Province, Solomon Islands.

## Phonology
### Consonants

Ririo has 18 consonant phonemes.
Ririo consonant phonemes :
| | | Labial | Alveolar | Velar | Glottal |
| Nasal | Nasal | m | n | ŋ | |
| Stop | voiceless | p | t | k | ʔ |
| Stop | prenasalized | ᵐb | ⁿd | ᵑg | |
| Affricate | voiceless | | ts | | |
| Affricate | prenasalized | | ⁿdz | | |
| Fricative | Fricative | v | s, z | ɣ | |
| Approximant | Approximant | | l | | |
| Trill | Trill | | r | | |
* ↑ /β/ is considered to be an allophone.

### Vowels

Ririo has 9 vowel phonemes.
Ririo vowel phonemes :
| | Front | Back |
| Close | i | u |
| Close-mid | e, ø | o |
| Open-mid | ɛ, œ | ɔ |
| Open | a | |
# 2015 Bonaire status referendum

A non-binding status referendum was held in Bonaire on 18 December 2015. Voters were asked "Do you agree with the current status, which is a direct link to the Netherlands?" As a majority voted no, a second referendum on the preferred status will be held.

## Campaign

The "yes" campaign argued that for the vast majority, Bonaire was better off than ever before, and that a no vote would result in instability. The "no" campaign opposed the imposition of secularism by Dutch authorities, the legalisation of same-sex marriage and voluntary euthanasia, as well as claiming that there was a lack of respect for Bonaire culture.

## Results

| Choice | Votes | % |
| For | 2,649 | 34.45 |
| Against | 5,040 | 65.55 |
| Invalid/blank votes | 109 | – |
| Total | 7,799 | 100 |
| Registered voters/turnout | 12,661 | 61.59 |
| Source: Government of Bonaire |||
# Kaharpur

Kaharpur is a village located in the Bihpur block of Bhagalpur district in Bihar, India. It is situated 5 km away from sub-district headquarter Bihpur and 37 km away from district headquarter Bhagalpur.

## Geography and population

The total geographical area of village is 878 hectares. Kaharpur has a total population of 1,404 people, out of which male population is 768 while female population is 636. Literacy rate of Kaharpur village is 38.46% out of which 41.67% males and 34.59% females are literate. There are about 259 houses in Kaharpur.

## Language

The primary language spoken in the village is Angika. Most of the people understand and can speak Hindi as well.

## Threat to the village's existence

Dozens of houses have been submerged in Kosi due continuous soil erosion by waves of Kosi river. The primary school and civil hospital have also been submerged in Kosi.
# Jai Devaa

Jai Devaa is an unreleased Indian Hindi-language film directed by Lawrence D'Souza, starring Sanjay Dutt, Madhuri Dixit and Mithun Chakraborty.
The film was expected to get released in 1993.

## Plot

Jai Devaa is a violent triangular love story.

## Cast

* Mithun Chakraborty as Shankar / Ravi
* Sanjay Dutt as Vikram ; Vicky Verma
* Madhuri Dixit as Pooja
* Danny Denzongpa as Dinesh
* Laxmikant Berde as Ramlakhan
# Battle of Janale (2015)

The battle of Janale took place on September 1st 2015, when Al-Shabaab militants stormed an African Union military camp manned by Ugandan forces in the town of Janale, Lower Shabelle.

## Battle

It began after an Al Shabaab suicide bomber rammed a vehicle packed with explosives into the perimeter of the base, which exploded at the front of the base. Al Shabaab later named the suicide bomber in a propaganda video as Abdullah Ahmed Omar, a former Somali soldier who defected to Al Shabaab in 2014. Following that, a team of heavily armed fighters entered the breach and attacked the troops inside. The attack was launched to commemorate one anniversary after the group's former leader Ahmed Abdi Godane's death, who was killed in a U.S. drone airstrike in the previous year.
# Robin Nilsson

Robin Nilsson (born September 15, 1988 in Tomelilla) is a Swedish footballer who plays for Ängelholms FF in Ettan-Södra.

## Career
### Club career

On 17 October 2019 it was confirmed, that Nilsson would return home to Ängelholms FF for the 2020 season.
# 2014 Sint Eustatius status referendum

A status referendum was held in Sint Eustatius on 17 December 2014. Sint Eustatius had become a Dutch public body upon the dissolution of the Netherlands Antilles in 2010, despite this not being the status voted for, and so the 2014 referendum was supported as a way to resolve this. Although a majority of those voting opted for increased autonomy within the Kingdom of the Netherlands, voter turnout was well below the 60% required for the referendum to be binding.

## Background

The decision to hold a referendum was approved by the Island Council on 8 October and supported by the United People's Party the Statia Liberal Action Movement independent MP Reuben Merkman. On 25 October the date was set for 17 December, with only the Democratic Party opposed.

## Question

Voters were presented with four options:
* Remain a public body
* Independence
* Autonomy within the Kingdom of the Netherlands
* Integration into the Netherlands

## Result

| Choice | Votes | % |
| Autonomy | 747 | 65.53 |
| Public body (status quo) | 374 | 32.81 |
| Integration | 14 | 1.23 |
| Independence | 5 | 0.44 |
| Invalid/blank votes | 16 | – |
| Total | 1,156 | 100 |
| Registered voters/turnout | 2,546 | 45.40 |
| Source: Saba News |||
# Kim A-lang

Kim A-lang (Korean: 김아랑, born 22 August 1995) is a South Korean short track speed skater. Kim made her debut on the international stage with two gold medals and one silver medal at the 2013 World Junior Short Track Speed Skating Championships, placing second in the overall ranking. Kim was part of the short track speed skating team in the 3000 m relay that won a gold medal at the 2014 Winter Olympics. Four years later, she won another gold in the relay at the 2018 Winter Olympics.

## Personal life

Kim, who was born in Jeonju, went to the skating rink along with her brother during elementary school.
In 2022, Kim signs a contract with Sandbox for YouTube activities.

## Filmography
### Television shows

| Year | Title | Role | Note(s) | Ref. |
| 2022 | Knowing Bros | Guest | Episode 322, with Kwak Yoon-gy and Lee Yu-bin | |
| 2022 | I Live Alone | Guest | Appeared in episode 436, she could not participate in the show due to COVID-19 infection | |