OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Sócrates Award

The Sócrates Award is an association football award presented to the best humanitarian work by a footballer worldwide during a joint ceremony with the Ballon d'Or. The award is presented by France Football in collaboration with Peace and Sport and is named after late Brazilian footballer Sócrates, who co-founded the Corinthians Democracy movement, in opposition to the ruling military dictatorship in Brazil during the 1980s. Sadio Mané was the first winner of the award in 2022, while Jennifer Hermoso is the current winner, having received the prize in 2024.

## Winners

| Year | Player | Club | Awarded for |
| 2022 | Sadio Mané | Liverpool | His extensive charitable contributions in Senegal, including funding a hospital and school in Bambali, his hometown, and supporting numerous social projects to improve healthcare and education. |
| 2023 | Vinícius Júnior | Real Madrid | His efforts against racism and promoting educational initiatives in Brazil, notably through his Instituto Vini Jr., which aims to reduce the digital divide in public schools and provide innovative pedagogical solutions. |
| 2024 | Jennifer Hermoso | Tigres UANL | Her work against sexual abuse, specifically her work bringing awareness to others after then-Spanish Federation President Luis Rubiales kissed her on the lips without her consent. |

### Wins by nation

| Country | Players | Wins |
| Brazil | 1 | 1 |
| Senegal | 1 | 1 |
| Spain | 1 | 1 |

### Wins by club

| Club | Players | Win |
| Liverpool | 1 | 1 |
| Real Madrid | 1 | 1 |
| Tigres UANL | 1 | 1 |
# WIKE

WIKE (1490 AM) is a commercial radio station located in Newport, Vermont. It is owned by Vermont Broadcast Associates, Inc. and it broadcasts a classic rock format, simulcast from 106.3 WMTK in Littleton, New Hampshire. Both stations call themselves "The Notch". WIKE's programming is also heard on translator station W276DK (103.1 FM) in Derby Center. Under a local marketing agreement, Russ Ingalls' Green Mountain Broadcasters LLC operates the stations pending a full acquisition.
WIKE went on the air in 1952. The station was a country music station in the 2000s, before switching to classic rock in the 2010s.

## History

On October 12, 1952, WIKE first signed on. It was owned by Memphremagog Broadcasting and was powered at 250 watts. In the 1960s, the daytime power was boosted to 1,000 watts and in the 1980s, it also increased its nighttime power to 1,000 watts.
In 1991, an FM station was added, 92.1 WMOO, which is licensed to nearby Derby Center. WMOO is programmed with a hot adult contemporary format. In 2001, both stations were acquired by Northstar Media, Inc for just over $1 million.
During most of the early 2000s, WIKE was a country music station, switching to classic rock in the mid-2010s.
On May 22, 2012, WIKE, along with 29 other Nassau Broadcasting Partners stations in Northern New England, was purchased at a bankruptcy auction by Carlisle Capital Corporation, a company controlled by Bill Binnie (owner of WBIN-TV in Derry). WIKE, and 12 of the other stations, were then acquired by Vertical Capital Partners, controlled by Jeff Shapiro.
Soon after taking over, Vertical resold WIKE and sister station 92.1 WMOO to Vermont Broadcast Associates.
The sale of WIKE and the other 12 stations was consummated on November 30, 2012, at a purchase price of $4.4 million. The resale of WIKE and WMOO was consummated on January 1, 2013, at a purchase price of $760,000.
In February 2025, Bruce James agreed to sell the seven Vermont Broadcast Associates stations to Green Mountain Broadcasters, owned by Vermont state senator Russ Ingalls, for $996,000. Green Mountain then began managing the stations under a local marketing agreement.

## Translator

| Call sign | Frequency | City of license | FID | ERP (W) | Class | Transmitter coordinates | FCC info |
| W276DK | 103.1 FM | Derby Center, Vermont | 200721 | 250 | D | 44°57′12.8″N 72°8′13.6″W﻿ / ﻿44.953556°N 72.137111°W﻿ / 44.953556; -72.137111﻿ (W276DK) | LMS |
# Francis Energy

Francis Energy is an electric vehicle DC fast charging station network in the United States, with 154 charging stations in the United States as of November 2023, with plans to develop charging stations in 30 states. The company was founded in 2015 in Tulsa, Oklahoma by David Jankowsky, taking the name of Francis Oil and Gas (now Kaiser-Francis Oil), an oil and gas exploration company founded by Jankowsky's great-grandfather. The company initially developed a charging network of stations in Oklahoma, and was subsequently awarded contracts to construct stations in other states with funding from state settlements of lawsuits stemming from the Volkswagen emissions scandal, including Alabama and New Mexico. In 2023, Francis Energy was awarded additional contracts to construct EV charging stations using federal funding from the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act in Colorado, Kentucky, Ohio, and Pennsylvania.
# 2011–12 Scottish Challenge Cup

The 2011–12 Scottish Challenge Cup, known as the Ramsdens Challenge Cup due to sponsorship reasons with Ramsdens, was the 21st season of the competition. It was competed for by 32 clubs, which included the 30 members of the Scottish Football League, and for the first time the top two clubs of the Highland Football League.
The defending champions were Ross County, who defeated Queen of the South in the 2010 final but were knocked out in the first round by Third Division side Elgin City. The tournament winners were Falkirk, who defeated Hamilton Academical in the final with Darren Dods scoring the only goal of the match in the 2nd minute.

## Schedule

| Round | First match date | Fixtures | Clubs |
| First round | Sat/Sun 23/24 July 2011 | 16 | 32 → 16 |
| Second round | Tuesday 9 August 2011 | 8 | 16 → 80 |
| Quarter-finals | Sunday 4 September 2011 | 4 | 8 → 4 |
| Semi-finals | Sunday 9 October 2011 | 2 | 4 → 2 |
| Final | Sunday 1 April 2012 | 1 | 2 → 1 |

## Fixtures and results
### First round

The First round draw was conducted on 6 June 2011.

#### North and East region

Source: The Scottish Football League

#### South and West region

Source: The Scottish Football League

### Second round

Last updated: 9 August 2011 Source: The Scottish Football League

### Quarter-finals

The quarter-final draw was conducted on 11 August 2011 at 2:00pm in a Ramsdens outlet in The Forge Shopping Centre, Glasgow.

### Semi-finals

The draw for the semi-finals of the Challenge cup took place at 2:00 pm on 7 September 2011, at Hampden Park, Glasgow.

### Final
## Top scorers

    Last updated on 9 October 2011
| # | Name | Club | Goals |
| 1 | Paul di Giacomo | Greenock Morton | 5 |
| 2 | Ian Harty | Annan Athletic | 4 |
| 2 | Andy Jackson | Greenock Morton | 4 |
| 2 | Ryan Wallace | East Fife | 4 |
| 5 | Kenny Deuchar | Livingston | 3 |
| 5 | Farid El Alagui | Falkirk | 3 |
| 5 | Robert Ogleby | East Fife | 3 |
# Tethytheria

Tethytheria is a clade of mammals that includes the sirenians, proboscideans, and the extinct order Embrithopoda.
Though there is strong anatomical and molecular support for the monophyly of Tethytheria, the interrelationships between the included taxa remain disputed. The tethytheres are united by several characters, including anteriorly facing orbits and more or less bilophodont cheek teeth (double transverse ridges on the crowns of the teeth). Proboscidea and Sirenia are linked together based on auditory characters in their petrosal bones, but this link may be a homoplasy. Desmostylians, traditionally considered tethytheres, have been tentatively assigned to Perissodactyla, along with the Early Eocene family Anthracobunidae, which was considered a sister group to Tethytheria.

## Systematics

Cladogram modified from Rose 2006 and Cooper et al. 2014.

## Classification

Classification modified from Rose 2006.
* Clade Tethytheria
** order †Embrithopoda
*** †Phenacolophidae
*** †Arsinoitheriidae
** order Sirenia
*** †Prorastomidae
*** †Protosirenidae (Dugongidae?)
*** Dugongidae
*** Trichechidae
** order Proboscidea
*** †Phosphatheriidae (Numidotheriidae?)
*** †Numidotheriidae
*** †Moeritheriidae
*** †Barytheriidae
*** †Deinotheriidae
*** †Palaeomastodontidae
*** †Phiomiidae
*** †Hemimastodontidae
*** †Mammutidae
*** †Gomphotheriidae
*** Elephantidae
# Geranyl pyrophosphate

Geranyl pyrophosphate (GPP), also known as geranyl diphosphate (GDP), is the pyrophosphate ester of the terpenoid geraniol. Its salts are colorless. It is a precursor to many thousands of natural products.

## Occurrence

GPP is an intermediate in the isoprenoid biosynthesis pathway that produces longer prenyl chains such as farnesyl pyrophosphate and geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate as well as many terpenes. It can be prepared in the laboratory from geraniol.

## Microbial toxicity

Intracellularly produced GPP has been shown to be toxic to the bacteria E. coli at moderate doses.

## Related compounds

* Geraniol
* Farnesyl pyrophosphate
* Geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate
# Kill Two Birds with One Stone

%5B%5BWikipedia%3ARedirects+for+discussion%5D%5D+debate+closed+as+delete
#REDIRECT One Stone and Two Birds
# Burhanettin Uysal

Burhanettin Uysal (20 June 1967 – 3 May 2021) was a Turkish politician and academic.

## Biography

Uysal attended Gazi University and subsequently graduated from the Turkish National Police Academy in 1992. He then earned both a master's degree and a doctorate from Gazi University. He served as a lecturer at Van Yüzüncü Yıl University from 1994 to 1997 and was an assistant professor at Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit University from 1997 to 2000. That year, he became an associate professor, and he became a full professor in 2006.
In 2008, Uysal was appointed to be Rector of Karabük University by Turkey Abdullah Gül. However, he resigned on 10 February 2015 to run for the Grand National Assembly of Turkey as a member of the Justice and Development Party. He was elected on 1 November 2015 to serve in the 26th Parliament of Turkey, representing Karabük.
Burhanettin Uysal was diagnosed with COVID-19 on 2 April 2021. He died at Ankara Bilkent City Hospital on 3 May 2021, aged 53. He was buried in Ereğli the following day.
# Masafumi Kawaguchi

Masafumi Kawaguchi (born February 19, 1973) is a former Japanese player of American football. He was born in Kawanishi, Hyogo and introduced to football during his senior year at San Clemente High School in California, when he moved there at the age of 17. He enrolled at Ritsumeikan University in Kyoto as an international relations major. He played for seven years with the Amsterdam Admirals of NFL Europe from 1997 to 2004. He was named to the All-NFL Europe Team in 1999.
In 1998, he was among the first four Japanese players to participate in a National Football League training camp when he participated in the Green Bay Packers camp and played in the 1998 American Bowl in Tokyo. In 2003, he was invited to the San Francisco 49ers training camp in 2003, and participated in the American Bowl exhibition game in the Osaka game between the 49ers and the Washington Redskins. He signed with the 49ers in 2003 but was released before the start of the season.
Kawaguchi played a key role on the Japanese national team that won the International Federation of American Football 1999 World Cup.
# South Australian Railways K class (narrow gauge)

The South Australian Railways K class (narrow gauge) comprised a single locomotive. The design, by South Australian Railways Locomotive Engineer William Thow, was very similar to that of the broad-gauge K class, but it was smaller and lighter. It was allocated number 52 within the sequence allocated to the larger locomotives.
The locomotive was built in 1883, five years after the first broad-gauge K class locomotive and a year before the last of the 18 such locomotives entered service. No. 52 was built by Dübs and Company of Glasgow, whereas Beyer, Peacock and Company, of Manchester, built all the broad-gauge class.
The broad-gauge design was moderately "shrunk" to meet the smaller loading gauge of 3 ft 6 in (1067 mm) lines and the lower load-bearing capacity of track compared with the 5 ft 3 in (1600 mm) broad gauge. Some key specifications are compared in the table below.
Some differences between the two types of K class locomotives :
| Specification | Narrow-gauge K | Broad-gauge K | Narrow/ broad proportion |
| Length over buffer beams | 28 ft 3 in (8611 mm) | 30 ft 0 in (9144 mm) | 94% |
| Driving wheels diameter | 3 ft 6 in (1067 mm) | 4 ft 0 in (1219 mm) | 88% |
| Loco weight | 32 long tons 12 cwt (73,000 lb or 33.1 t) | 42 long tons 19 cwt (96,200 lb or 43.6 t) | 76% |
| Heating surface (firebox + tubes) | 699.5 sq ft (64.99 m$^2$) | 920.2 sq ft (85.49 m$^2$) | 76% |
| Tractive effort | 11,063 lbf (49.21 kN) | 12,535 lbf (55.76 kN) | 88% |
A major design weakness of the broad-gauge K class was the lack of a leading bogie (pilot truck), which led to frequent derailments, especially on sharp curves and difficult gradients. A partial solution was to run the locomotives in reverse – i.e., with cab leading – so that the rear bogie led, providing guidance for the driving wheels. The extent to which the weakness affected no. 52 is not known, although the presence of a stopcock on both ends of the locomotive – to take water from a four-wheeled tank wagon on longer journeys – indicates that it was able to be operated both funnel-first and cab-first.
Little is known about the service life of the locomotive; it is believed to have spent most of its half-century existence at Peterborough as a shunting engine.
# Benoît Poirier

Benoît Fidèle Poirier (17 October 1882 – 7 October 1965) was a Canadian organist, composer, and music educator. He was a church organist and taught at several educational and religious institutions in Montreal, Quebec. He created a number of compositions for organ and piano.

## Early life and education

Poirier was born Benjamin Perry in Tignish, Prince Edward Island. His parents were Laurence Poirier Perry & Emelia Margaret Desroches. His pipe organ study began when he was 13. He studied at the francophone University of St. Joseph's College, Memramcook, New Brunswick, from which he earned a Bachelor of Arts in 1902 and was granted an honorary Master of Arts in 1928. While an undergraduate there, he was also organist of St Thomas Church, Memramcook.

## Career

In 1903 Poirier relocated to Montreal to study for the priesthood. He taught at the Collège de Montréal and became the organist of the Séminaire de Philosophie. In 1919 he was elected to the board of the Schola cantorum, later serving as its president from 1923 to 1925. He was the director of the Conservatoire national de musique from 1923 to 1925 and also served on the school's board of examiners for many years. From 1921 to 1925 he taught at the Sacré-Coeur Convent, Sault-au-Récollet, Quebec. From 1953 to 1959 he was the director and principal teacher of the Conservatoire Royal de Montréal. His notable pupils included Eugène Lapierre and Alfred Tardif.
Pourier was organist at a number of churches in Montreal, including Ste-Hélène (1906), St. Patrick's Basilica, Montreal (1908), Saint-Vincent-de-Paul Church (1909), and St-Jacques Cathedral (1914). In 1921 he succeeded Joseph-Daniel Dussault as the organist at Notre-Dame Basilica, remaining in that post through 1954. During these years he regularly presented organ recitals.
Pourier created a number of compositions during his career, including several motets, patriotic songs, and works for solo piano and organ, the latter being most well-known.
He died in Laval, Quebec.
In 1978, Barry Waterlow performed two Radio Canada radio broadcasts of Poirier's organ music on the historic Louis Mitchell organ of Tignish, Prince Edward Island, the organ that inspired Poirier to become an organist.
# EAR 12 class

The EAR 12 class was a class of 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) gauge 2-6-2T steam locomotives built by W. G. Bagnall in Stafford, England, in 1950. The class had been ordered by the Tanganyika Railway (TR) as its SS class, and was a modified and updated version of the TR's existing ST class.
By the time the two members of the class were built and entered service, the TR had been succeeded by the East African Railways (EAR), which designated them as its 12 class, and put them to work in the Tanganyika Territory (now part of Tanzania).
# KUR EC class

The KUR EC class was a class of 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) gauge 4-8-2+2-8-4 Garratt-type articulated steam locomotives built by Beyer, Peacock & Co. in Manchester, England, for the Kenya-Uganda Railway (KUR).

## Background

In 1901, the rails laid for the KUR's predecessor, the Uganda Railway (UR), reached their final destination at Lake Victoria, and in 1903 construction of the associated buildings, tunnels bridges and viaducts was completed. By 1910, the UR had a critical requirement for further motive power, and that year, the UR's management ordered sixteen 0-6-6-0 Mallet-type articulated locomotives from the North British Locomotive Company.
After the Mallet locomotives entered service as the UR M class, they developed a poor reputation, due to mechanical problems and an excessive need for maintenance.
When a decision was made to order further new locomotives in 1926, the year the UR was renamed as the KUR, the railway committee therefore opted for Garratt-type engines instead. These were the first Garratts to be ordered and acquired by the railway, and were designated as the EC class.

## Design

The new Garratt locomotives were, in essence, two 4-8-2 Mountain-type engines facing back to back and powered by single boiler. By comparison with conventional rigid-chassis locomotives, they had an increased tractive effort combined with a light axle loading.

## Service history

The four members of the EC class entered service in 1926. A significant initial difficulty with them was that they were fired by Eucalyptus wood. When logs of Eucalyptus were thrown into a blazing EC class firebox, they virtually exploded. Firing a wood-burning EC class engine was therefore very inefficient, especially when it was working a heavy gradient. The KUR solved this problem by converting the EC class to burn coal instead of wood.
In other respects, the EC class's innovative configuration proved to be extremely successful. In 1928, the KUR therefore ordered 20 more Garratt locomotives, which became the KUR EC1 class.
After a relatively short career with the KUR, the EC class locomotives were sold, and exported to Indo-China in August 1939.
# KUR EC1 class

The KUR EC1 class, later known as the EAR 50 class and the EAR 51 class, was a class of 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) gauge 4-8-2+2-8-4 Garratt-type articulated steam locomotives operated by Kenya-Uganda Railway (KUR) and the East African Railways (EAR).

## Service history

The first twenty members of the class were built in 1927 by Beyer, Peacock & Co. in Manchester, England, for the KUR. They entered service in 1928, and, with two exceptions, were later operated by the KUR's successor, the EAR, as its 50 class.
The remaining two members of the EC1 class were built and entered service in 1930, and were different in some respects. They later became the EAR's 51 class.
All of the former EC1 class members were withdrawn from service in the 1950s. Most of their leading bogies (trucks) were salvaged for use in converting EAR 13 class locomotives from 4-8-2Ts to 4-8-4Ts, to address the 13 class's initial tendency to de-rail when operating in reverse.

## Class list

The builder's numbers, build years, fleet numbers and names of each member of the EC1 class were as follows:
| Builder's number | Built | KUR number | EAR number | Name | Notes |
| 6429 | 1928 | 45 | 5001 | | |
| 5430 | 1928 | 46 | 5002 | | |
| 6431 | 1928 | 47 | 5003 | Toro | |
| 6432 | 1928 | 48 | 5004 | Masai | |
| 6433 | 1928 | 49 | 5005 | Nyanzi | |
| 6434 | 1928 | 50 | 5006 | Meru | |
| 6435 | 1928 | 51 | – | | Sold to Indo-China as no. 205 |
| 6436 | 1928 | 52 | 5007 | Masaka | |
| 6437 | 1928 | 53 | – | | Sold to Indo-China as no. 206 |
| 6438 | 1928 | 54 | 5008 | Nandi | |
| 6439 | 1928 | 55 | 5009 | Bunyoro | |
| 6440 | 1928 | 56 | 5010 | | |
| 6516 | 1928 | 57 | 5011 | Kikuyu | |
| 6517 | 1928 | 58 | 5012 | Ankole | |
| 6518 | 1928 | 59 | 5013 | | |
| 6519 | 1928 | 60 | 5014 | | |
| 6520 | 1928 | 61 | 5015 | | |
| 6521 | 1928 | 62 | 5016 | Londiani | |
| 6522 | 1928 | 63 | 5017 | Ukamba | |
| 6523 | 1928 | 64 | 5018 | Machakos | |
| 6637 | 1930 | 65 | 5101 | Laikipia | |
| 6638 | 1930 | 66 | 5102 | | |
# Henry Courtney Selous

Henry Courtney Selous (b. Panton Street, Haymarket, London 1803; d. Beaworthy, Devon, 24 September 1890) was an English painter, illustrator and lithographer.

## Life

He was the son of Gideon "George" Slous (1777–1839), a Flemish portrait and miniature painter, and a pupil of John Martin who was an important and influential English painter of the 19th century. He was an occupant of Keats House in Hampstead, from 1835 to 1838. Selous had two brothers, Frederick Lokes Slous (the father of Frederick Courteney Selous) and Angiolo Robson Slous, a playwright who wrote True to the Core: A Story of the Armada and whose daughter Alice married the novelist Morley Roberts.
He married on 4 March 1837 Emily Elizabeth (d. 1879), daughter of the successful miniature painter Henry Pierce Boneat at St Pancras Parish Church and they had four daughters.
He died on 24 September 1890 and was buried on the eastern side of Highgate Cemetery.

## Career

In 1818 Selous entered the Royal Academy Schools and also exhibited his first work, a Portrait of a Favourite Cat (location untraced), at the Academy. He submitted animal portraits for the next three years before embarking on human portraiture. His early works were exhibited under the name Slous, but at some time between 1831 and 1838 he adopted the name Selous.
In the 1840s he began to paint historical subjects, initially inspired by the renewed interest in history painting prompted by the New Palace of Westminster cartoon competition for the designs of frescoes on the new building in 1843. In this he submitted a picture of Boadicea Harranguing the Iceni which won a premium of £200 in 1843. He was aided by the knowledge of mural technique he had acquired by working for a panorama painter. Despite the prize, the picture was criticised by one reviewer because the "violence of the action and dashing lights carry us away like the speech of a mob orator."
He painted historical pieces for the rest of his career, for example Cassio Wounded (1874, location untraced), as well as such works as The Opening of The Great Exhibition (see works, below) recording contemporary events.

## Works

* The opening of The Great Exhibition, by Queen Victoria on 1 May 1851 depicts the Archbishop of Canterbury offering the benedictory prayer at the opening ceremony. Sir Henry Cole, the first director of the Victoria & Albert Museum, stands in the group on the right.
* Jerusalem in her Grandeur
* The Glorious Charge of the Heavy Brigade depicts the Inniskilling Dragoons and the Scots Greys during the classic cavalry charge at Balaclava, 1855, location untraced.
* 22 original pen-and-ink drawings to John Bunyan's Pilgrim's Progress, London, 1844 or earlier, 22 original pen-and-ink drawings on wove paper
# Lawrence Cunliffe

Lawrence Francis Cunliffe (born 25 March 1929) is a former British Labour Party politician. He was a Member of Parliament (MP) for Leigh from 1979 to 2001.

## Early life

Cunliffe was born in Walkden, Lancashire, in 1929. He was a National Coal Board engineer, and became involved in the National Union of Mineworkers.

## Parliamentary career

Cunliffe first stood for Parliament in Rochdale. There, he lost the previously Labour-held seat to the Liberal candidate Cyril Smith at a by-election in 1972, and was again defeated by Smith at the subsequent general election in February 1974.
He served as a Member of Parliament for Leigh from 1979 until he retired from the House of Commons at the 2001 general election.