# Commonwealth Railways GM class

The GM class are a class of diesel locomotives built by Clyde Engineering, Granville for the Commonwealth Railways in several batches between 1951 and 1967. As of January 2014, some remain in service with Aurizon and Southern Shorthaul Railroad.

## History

The design was based on the Electro-Motive Diesel EMD F7 locomotive. The first 11 were delivered with EMD 16-567B, 1,119 kW (1,501 hp) engines and four powered axles with the remainder having 16-567C, 1,305 kW (1,750 hp) engines and six powered axles. The final 11 were fitted with dynamic braking.
Delivered to operate on the standard gauge Trans-Australian Railway, they first entered service in September 1951. Further orders saw 47 in service by December 1967. They operated on all of Commonwealth Railways's standard gauge lines including those to Broken Hill, Alice Springs, Marree and Adelaide when converted to standard gauge in 1970, 1980 and 1982 respectively.
In January 1972, three (31, 32 & 34) were loaned to the Victorian Railways for use on the North East line. The latter two were returned in May 1976, the former in November 1976.
In July 1975, all were included in the transfer of Commonwealth Railways to Australian National. In 1979, a few operated to Lithgow, New South Wales on trials, while in October 1983, three (23, 24 & 28) were hired to V/Line returning in October 1985.
The GM class were manufactured for standard gauge use, some of the locomotives were converted to operate on 5 ft 3 in (1,600 mm) broad gauge for some of their lives.
Apart from one destroyed in an accident in 1985, withdrawals began in 1988. GM1 was placed on a plinth in Port Augusta, GM2 was donated to the National Railway Museum, Port Adelaide and GM3 to Clyde Engineering, Kelso. By October 1994, only 15 remained in service. A locomotive shortage saw Australian Southern Railroad return GM1 to service in December 1997.
In 1998, Great Northern Rail Services purchased 12 from Australian Southern Railroad. Most were scrapped for parts with only three returning to service seeing use in Melbourne and Sydney. Following Great Northern ceasing operations in 2003, these were sold to Chicago Freight Car Leasing Australia before being resold to Southern Shorthaul Railroad.
In May 2005, Australian Railroad Group forwarded GM30 to Forrestfield workshops to be receive a 2,237 kW (3,000 hp) engine, as fitted to the CLs. The project was never completed and the shell was scrapped.
In November 2010, the federal Department for Infrastructure & Transport placed GM1 in the custody of Rail Heritage WA. In May 2012, Clyde Engineering sold GM3 to Southern Shorthaul Railroad and it was transferred to their Lithgow State Mine Heritage Park & Railway workshop for overhaul.
As of October 2023, all but 1 of the Aurizon units are operational due to more modern power available for freight services in South Australia With 3 Stored Operational while the Southern Shorthaul Railroad units are used on infrastructure and grain trains in New South Wales and Victoria.
GM10 is the oldest locomotive in regular freight service in Australia.

## Aurizon ownership

After the ARG split up G&W retained 11 GMs (ARG retaining GM30 for an ambitious project but was then scrapped) They regularly worked grain trains in SA on the pinaroo line; after its closure some of the fleet were stored (GM32 & GM34 being scrapped and GM44 being stored at Port Augusta). Over the years the fleet was stored at Dry Creek until ORA ownership; in 2022 ORA experienced a loco shortage and brought some back into service. Later in the year Aurizon bought ORA and the GMs became shunters. They currently work in these positions:
GM32 - Scrapped
GM34 - Scrapped
GM37 - Operational Dry Creek (Fitted with ICE radio)
GM38 - Stored Dry Creek
GM40 - Stored Dry Creek
GM42 - Stored Dry Creek
GM43 - Port Augusta Shunter (Fitted with ICE radio)
GM44 - Stored Port Augusta
GM45 - Stored Dry Creek
GM46 - Stored Port Augusta (Fitted with ICE radio)
GM47 - Stored Whyalla (Fitted with ICE radio)

## Status table

| Key: | In service | Stored | Preserved | Converted | Under Overhaul | Scrapped |
| Locomotive | Entered Service | Current Owner | Livery | Status |
| GM1 | September 1951 | Rail Heritage WA | CR Maroon/Silver | Preserved, Bassendean, WA |
| GM2 | November 1951 | National Railway Museum | CR Maroon/Silver | Static Display |
| GM3 | December 1951 | Southern Shorthaul Railroad | CR Maroon/Silver | Stored, Lithgow State Mine Heritage Park & Railway |
| GM4 | January 1952 | Australian National | AN Green & Gold | Scrapped |
| GM5 | January 1952 | – | – | Scrapped |
| GM6 | February 1952 | – | – | Scrapped |
| GM7 | March 1952 | – | – | Scrapped |
| GM8 | March 1952 | – | – | Scrapped |
| GM9 | April 1952 | – | – | Scrapped |
| GM10 | June 1952 | Southern Shorthaul Railroad | SSR Yellow & Black | Operational |
| GM11 | July 1952 | – | – | Scrapped |
| GM12 | October 1955 | Southern Shorthaul Railroad | Australian National green & yellow | Stored, North Bendigo |
| GM13 | November 1955 | – | – | Scrapped |
| GM14 | April 1956 | – | – | Scrapped |
| GM15 | April 1956 | – | – | Scrapped |
| GM16 | July 1956 | – | – | Scrapped |
| GM17 | March 1957 | – | – | Scrapped |
| GM18 | April 1957 | – | – | Scrapped |
| GM19 | May 1957 | Railpower | AN Green & Gold | Overhaul, Goulburn Rail Heritage Centre |
| GM20 | June 1957 | Australian National | AN Green & Gold | Scrapped |
| GM21 | July 1957 | – | – | Scrapped |
| GM22 | July 1962 | Southern Shorthaul Railroad | SSR Yellow & Black | Operational |
| GM23 | August 1962 | – | – | Scrapped |
| GM24 | September 1962 | – | – | Scrapped |
| GM25 | October 1962 | – | – | Scrapped |
| GM26 | November 1962 | – | – | Scrapped |
| GM27 | January 1963 | Southern Shorthaul Railroad | DP World Wrap | Operational |
| GM28 | February 1963 | Seymour Railway Heritage Centre | CR Maroon/Silver | Stored |
| GM29 | March 1963 | – | – | Scrapped |
| GM30 | December 1964 | – | – | Scrapped |
| GM31 | January 1965 | – | – | Scrapped |
| GM32 | January 1965 | – | – | Scrapped |
| GM33 | March 1965 | – | – | Scrapped |
| GM34 | April 1965 | – | – | Scrapped |
| GM35 | April 1966 | – | – | Scrapped |
| GM36 | May 1966 | Seymour Railway Heritage Centre | CR Maroon/Silver | Under Overhaul |
| GM37 | June 1966 | Aurizon | ORA Orange & Black | Operational |
| GM38 | June 1966 | Aurizon | AN Green & Gold | Stored |
| GM39 | July 1966 | – | – | Scrapped |
| GM40 | January 1967 | Aurizon | AN Green & Gold | Stored |
| GM41 | February 1967 | – | – | Scrapped, cab preserved |
| GM42 | February 1967 | Aurizon | ORA Orange & Black | Stored |
| GM43 | March 1967 | Aurizon | ORA Orange | Operational |
| GM44 | April 1967 | Aurizon | ORA Orange & Black | Stored |
| GM45 | May 1967 | Aurizon | ORA Orange & Black | Stored |
| GM46 | June 1967 | Aurizon | AN Green & Gold | Operational |
| GM47 | December 1967 | Aurizon | ORA Orange & Black | Stored |