OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Sandamu

Sandamu is a Local Government Area in Katsina State, Nigeria. Its headquarters is located in the town of Sandamu on the A2 highway in the north of the area at12°57′37″N 8°21′44″E﻿ / ﻿12.96028°N 8.36222°E﻿ / 12.96028; 8.36222.
It has an area of 282KM² and a population of 137,287 at the 2006 census.
The postal code of the area is 824.

## Climatic Condition

The average annual temperature in Sandamu, Nigeria, is 31.49 °C (88.68 °F), higher than the country's average, with 52.61 mm (2.071 in) of precipitation and 55.69 days with rain.
There will be colder weather and a warmer climate in Sandamu as a result of the temperature trend brought on by climate change.
# Paulo Taicher

Paulo Henrique Taicher (born 4 June 1977) is a former professional tennis player from Brazil.
Taicher, who comes from Novo Hamburgo, is most noted for his performance at the 1999 Pan American Games in Winnipeg, where he won two medals. He partnered with André Sá to win the men's doubles gold and was a bronze medalist in the singles.

## Challenger titles
### Doubles: (1)

| No. | Year | Tournament | Surface | Partner | Opponents | Score |
| 1. | 1999 | Quito, Ecuador | Clay | Andrés Zingman | Óscar Ortiz Marco Osorio | 7–5, 4–6, 7–5 |
# Botswana National Sports Commission

Botswana National Sports Commission is the national governing body for all sports in Botswana.
# Krusin, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship

Krusin is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Lisewo, within Chełmno County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland.
# Ferd Lahure

Fernand "Ferd" Lahure (28 March 1929 – 23 March 2019) was a Luxembourgish football goalkeeper. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1952 Summer Olympics.
# Prussian T 16

The Prussian T16 locomotives were ten-coupled superheated freight tank locomotives of the Prussian State Railways. They were later renumbered in the 94.2–4 by Deutsche Reichsbahn

## History

The development of the T16 locomotives was influenced by the ideas of Karl Gölsdorf. The design included three Gölsdorf axles – the first, third, and fifth – and enabled elimination of the articulated frame that had been used on the Prussian T 15. While mainly bought for banking trains up steep gradients, they were also used for freight trains and shunting. They proved to be more powerful and economical than the T 15 class.
Between 1905 and 1913, 343 T 16 locomotives were built by Berliner Maschinenbau for the Prussian State Railways, and 12 by Elsässische Maschinenbau-Gesellschaft Grafenstaden for the Imperial Railways in Alsace-Lorraine. During construction, some design changes were made; for example the drive was moved from the fourth axle to the third in order to reduce the length and weight of the connecting rod and therefore to reduce hammer blow. This also required reducing the number of Gölsdorf axles to two – on the second and fourth axles. These early locomotives were sometimes referred to as "T 16.0".
After the World War I, 65 locomotives were surrendered, including 57 to Poland, and three to the Free City of Danzig. The PKP classified its T 16 and T 16.1 as TKw1 (the T 16.1s were not split out into TKw2 until 1949). Belgium received 17 T16.0 as war reparations (17/53 of the SNCB Type 98).
The Deutsche Reichsbahn renumbered the T 16s 94 201–467, although the last three were actually T 16.1s – this error was corrected in 1934. In addition one T 16 locomotive had been renumbered as a T 16.1 in error, but 94 501 was withdrawn in 1931 before the error was corrected. Locomotives 94 462–464 came from Alsace-Lorraine. Eight T 16s remained in Alsace-Lorraine and eventually became SNCF 1-050.TA.101 to 112. In addition the SNCF inherited four T 16s from the Chemins de fer du Nord (2-050.TB.1 to 4, ex Nord 5.501–5.504) and twelve from the Chemins de fer de Paris à Lyon et à la Méditerranée (5-050.TA.1 to 12, ex PLM 5.AT.1 to 12, previously PLM 5801–5812) that the two railway companies had received as war reparations.
Many of the DR locomotives were retired in the 1930s.
During World War II, a number of Polish locomotives, and one Belgium locomotive were taken into stock, as 94 468–490. One Belgian locomotive was in the Soviet zone at the end of the war and became 94 1811 in the East German Deutsche Reichsbahn fleet. In Poland, there were 39 TKw1 class locomotive in the PKP fleet; the last TKw1 locomotive was retired in 1970.

## Preservation

Most T 16s stayed in the west; the last Deutsche Bundesbahn 94.2 was retired in 1955. The few locomotives that stayed in the east had been retired by 1968. The last locomotive, 94 249 was transferred to the Dresden Transport Museum. In 1983, it was de-accessioned and traded to Heiligenstädter Eisenbahnverein (Heiligenstadt Railway Club) for 60 tonnes of scrap. On 26 May 1994, the State of Thuringia declared it a listed monument.
# Aerolíneas Argentinas Flight 322

Aerolíneas Argentinas Flight 322 was a scheduled Buenos Aires–São Paulo–Port of Spain–New York City international passenger service, operated with a Comet 4, registration LV-AHR, that crashed during climbout on the early stages of its second leg, when it collided with tree tops shortly after takeoff from Viracopos-Campinas International Airport on 23 November 1961. All 52 on board, including 40 passengers, were killed in the crash.

## Flight history

The jetliner arrived from Buenos Aires, Argentina and landed at Viracopos-Campinas International Airport, 62 miles (100 km) north of São Paulo, as an intermediate stop. It took off at 05:38, bound for Piarco International Airport, Trinidad, with New York City as its final destination. After reaching an altitude of about 100 metres (330 ft), the aircraft lost altitude, collided with eucalyptus trees and crashed into the ground; its fuel tanks exploded on impact. All 52 people on board were killed in the disaster.

## Investigation

The accident was investigated by the Brazilian government with participation from the government of Argentina, the state of registry of the accident aircraft.
The weather conditions at the time of the accident were "dark night due to 7/8 (broken) stratocumulus at 400 metres (1,300 ft) and to 8/8 coverage (overcast) by altostratus at 2,100 metres (6,900 ft)." According to the Brazilian Air Ministry, the weather conditions did not contribute to the accident.
The investigation revealed that the first officer was seated in the left seat of the flight deck, which the investigators saw as an indication that he was receiving flight instruction from the captain during the accident flight.
The Brazilian Air Ministry determined the following Probable Cause:
   It was presumed that the co-pilot was under flight instruction. If such was the case, the instructor, who was pilot-in-command, may have failed to brief or supervise the co-pilot properly.
The Argentinian government issued the following statement:
   Argentina has determined, in the light of information it has gathered, that the cause of the accident was: "Failure to operate under IFR during a takeoff by night in weather conditions requiring IFR operation and failure to follow the climb procedure for this type of aircraft; a contributory cause was the lack of vigilance by the pilot-in-command during the operations."
# 16th GMA Dove Awards

The 16th Annual GMA Dove Awards were held on 1985 recognizing accomplishments of musicians for the year 1984. The show was held in Nashville, Tennessee.

## Award recipients

* Song of the Year
** "Upon This Rock"; Gloria Gaither, Dony McGuire; Gaither Music, lt's-N-Me Music, Lexicon Music (ASCAP)
* Songwriter of the Year
** Michael W. Smith
* Male Vocalist of the Year
** Steve Green
* Female Vocalist of the Year
** Sandi Patti
* Artist of the Year
** Sandi Patti
* Southern Gospel Album of the Year
** The Best Of And A Whole Lot More; Rex Nelon Singers; Ken Harding; Canaan
* Inspirational Album of the Year
** Songs from the Heart; Sandi Patti; Greg Nelson, Sandi Patti Helvering; Impact
* Pop/Contemporary Album of the Year
** Straight Ahead; Amy Grant; Brown Bannister; Myrrh Records
* Contemporary Gospel Album of the Year (formerly Contemporary Black Gospel)
** No Time To Lose; Andrae Crouch; Bill Maxwell; Light
* Traditional Gospel Album of the Year (formerly Traditional Black Gospel)
** Sailin'; Shirley Caesar; Sanchez Harley, Shirley Caesar, David Lehman; Myrrh
* Instrumentalist
** Phil Driscoll
* Praise and Worship Album of the Year
** The Praise In Us; Neal Joseph; Myrrh
* Children's Music Album of the Year
** Ten New Songs With Kids For Kids About Life; Ron W. Griffin; Word
* Musical Album
** The Race Is On; Steve Taylor; Word
* Recorded Music Packaging of the Year
** Eddie Yip; Stan Evenson; Don Putnam; Kingdom Of Love; Scott Wesley Brown
* Album by a Secular Artist
** You Were Loving Me; Lulu Roman Smith; Gary McSpadden; Canaan
# The Peoplepedia

The Peoplepedia: The Ultimate Reference on the American People is a 1996 book by Les Krantz and Jim McCormick. Covering "Americans and their habits...from serious to silly", it "purports to illuminate 'who we are and how we see ourselves'". It was written in three parts providing "statistical snapshots of American life": "The American Mindset" with popular opinions; "The American Collective" with facts about broad categories such as education or religion; and "Notable Americans" with biographical sketches. A review said it was "entertaining but, in some places, deceptive" and concentrated on men's biographies over women.
# Beijing Wuzi University

Beijing Wuzi University (simplified Chinese: 北京物资学院; traditional Chinese: 北京物資學院) is a higher education institution based in the capital of China, Beijing.
As of 2021, Beijing Wuzi University ranked 5th in Beijing and 22nd nationwide among universities specialized in finance, business, and economics in the recent edition of the recognized Best Chinese Universities Ranking.

## History

The university was the Materials institute of the Beijing Economics College which was founded in 1963. In 1980, the Beijing Materials University was created. It was initially administered by the Bureau of National Material. This was then transferred to the Ministry of Material and then Ministry of Internal Trade.
Since October 1998, the university came under the administration of the Beijing Municipal Government.

## Administration
### Colleges and Departments

Beijing Materials University comprises the following departments:
* Department of Economics
* Department of Accounting
* Department of Business Management
* Department of Management Science and Engineering
* Department of Labor Personnel Management
* Department of Foreign Languages
* Department of Social Science
* Department of Basic Course
* Department of Physical Education
* Department of Postgraduate
* Circulation Economics Graduate School
* Higher-learning Education Graduate School
* Logistics Research Center
* China Circulation Economy Magazine Organization.
# Polemic (magazine)

Polemic was a British "Magazine of Philosophy, Psychology, and Aesthetics" published between 1945 and 1947, which aimed to be a general or non-specialist intellectual periodical.
Edited by the ex-Communist Humphrey Slater, it was "sympathetic to science, hostile to the intellectual manifestations of romanticism, and markedly anti-Communist. Eight issues were published. The first, published as a book to get round the prohibition of new journals imposed by war-time paper rationing, included contributions by Henry Miller, Bertrand Russell, A. J. Ayer, Stephen Spender, Stephen Glover, George Orwell, C. E. M. Joad and Rupert Crawshay-Williams.
Orwell contributed five essays over the life of the magazine and Russell and Ayer contributed four each. Other contributors included Philip Toynbee, Hugh Trevor-Roper, Dylan Thomas, Diana Witherby, Stuart Hampshire, Geoffrey Grigson, Ben Nicholson, Adrian Stokes, J. D. Bernal C. H. Waddington and John Wisdom.

## Orwell's essays

* "Notes on Nationalism" (Polemic, No 1 – October 1945 – written in May 1945)
* "The Prevention of Literature" (Polemic, No 2 – January 1946)
* "Second Thoughts on James Burnham" (Polemic, No 3 – May 1946)
* "Politics vs. Literature: An Examination of Gulliver's Travels" (Polemic, No 5 – September–October 1946)
* "Lear, Tolstoy and the Fool" (Polemic, No 7)
* Orwell also contributed an (unsigned) editorial to (Polemic, No 3 – May 1946)

## Ayer's essays

* 'Deistic Fallacies', Polemic, no. 1. (1945)
* 'Secret Session' (on J.-P. Sartre), Polemic, no. 2, pp. 60~63. (1945)
* 'Freedom and Necessity', Polemic, no. 5, pp. 36~44. (1946) (repr. in Philosophical Essays, 1954]
* "The Claims of Philosophy", in Polemic, no. 7, pp. 18~33 (1947) [repr. in Reflections on Our Age, 1949)
# 1967 Ranchi-Hatia riots

The Ranchi-Hatia riots of 1967 were communal riots which occurred in 1967 in and around Ranchi in present-day Jharkhand, India. The riots happened between 22 and 29 August 1967. 184 people were reported killed and 195 shops were looted and set on fire.

## Background

Troubles erupted between Hindus and Muslims in the towns of Hatia and Ranchi in Bihar. Rioting had already occurred in the district in 1964, following anti-Hindu violence in East Pakistan. The Raghubar Dayal Commission of Inquiry established that communal tensions (regarding the organization of the Hindu Ram Navami festival) had been rising since April 1964. During the March 1967 general elections, the situation further degenerated because of the debate over the Urdu issue. A proposal to declare Urdu the second official language of Bihar weakened the ruling coalition and led to state-wide, anti-Urdu agitation on the part of the Bharatiya Jana Sangh, the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh, and an organization called the Bihar Hindi Sahitiya Sammelan.

## Initial clashes

Trouble erupted in Ranchi on August 22 after the brick-batting of an anti-Urdu student procession near Muslim Azad High School. The school was attacked and one Hindu was killed in retaliation. The Raghubar Dayal Commission of Inquiry reported 184 deaths in Ranchi - among them 164 Muslims and 19 Hindus. Violence spread, leading to arson, looting, stabbings, and large-scale rioting in the city itself as well as in nearby industrial towns, particularly Hatia, where 26 people died (25 Muslims and 1 Hindu).
# Salisbury Green

Salisbury Green is an eighteenth-century house, on the Pollock Halls of Residence site of the University of Edinburgh.
Originally built around 1780 by Alexander Scott, it is one of the two original buildings on site, along with St Leonard's Hall.
From 1820, the house was extended repeatedly. In 1860-67 the architect John Lessels remodelled in house in baronial style, for the publisher William Nelson (1816–1887), of the Thomas Nelson publishing company.
The university acquired the building after World War II and it was extended again in 1979. Several of its public rooms have been restored including the bow-fronted drawing room to the east, the Red Room with ebony fittings and the oak-panelled billiard room. Its interior includes rich painting by Charles Frechou. In 2006, Salisbury Green was given a thorough refurbishment, and operated by the university as the Salisbury Green Hotel. It was rebranded as the Masson House Hotel and Bistro in 2018, and as of 2025 is trading as The Scholar Hotel. It no longer houses students.
The building (including its boundary walls) has been category A listed since December 1970.
# Silvio Fraquelli

Silvio Fraquelli (born 25 June 1952) is an Italian former pole vaulter.
He won one medal at the International athletics competitions.

## Biography

He competed in the 1972 Summer Olympics, he has 22 caps in national team from 1971 to 1976.
His twin brother, Osvaldo, was also an athlete.

## Olympic results

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Event | Measure | Notes |
| 1972 | Olympic Games | Munich | Qual. | Pole vault | 4.80 m | |

## National championships

He has won 6 times the individual national championship.
* 5 wins in the pole vault (1972, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976)
* 1 win in the pole vault indoor (1972)
# 1967 Iranian general election

Parliamentary elections were held in Iran on 4 August 1967. The result was a victory for the Iran Novin Party, which won 180 of the 219 seats in the Majlis. Voter turnout was around 35%.
Simultaneous elections were also held for a Constitutional Assembly in order for amendments to be made to the constitution to designate a regent, as well as an election for Senate.

## Results
### Majlis

| Party | % | Seats | +/– |
| Iran Novin Party | | 180 | +40 |
| People's Party | | 31 | +15 |
| Pan-Iranist Party | | 5 | +5 |
| Independents | | 3 | –41 |
| Invalid/blank votes | – | – | – |
| Total | | 219 | +19 |
| Source: Nohlen et al. |||||

### Senate

| Party | Votes | % | Seats |
| Iran Novin Party | | | 26 |
| People's Party | | | 4 |
| Pan-Iranist Party | | | 0 |
| Independents | | | 0 |
| Appointed seats | — | — | 30 |
| Invalid/blank votes | | – | – |
| Total | | | 60 |
| Source: IPU ||||

### Constitutional Assembly

| Party | % | Seats |
| Iran Novin Party | | 232 |
| People's Party | | 30 |
| Pan-Iranist Party | | 5 |
| Independents | | 6 |
| Invalid/blank votes | – | – |
| Total | | 273 |
| Source: IPU ||||
# Baloda Bazar district

Baloda Bazar - Bhatapara is a district in Chhattisgarh state of India with its headquarters at Baloda Bazar. Before its creation, it was a part of Raipur district. The border of Balodabazar-Bhatapara district touches Bemetara, Mungeli, Bilaspur, Janjgir, Raigarh, Mahasamund and Raipur districts. According to the prevalent tradition in relation to the naming of the Balodabazar in the past, the traders of Gujarat, Haryana, Maharashtra, Orissa, Barar etc. used to gather in the market buffaloes of the city to sell the buffalo, buffalo (Boda). As a result, its name became popular in the name of the bullboda market and in the form of the Baloda Bazar.

## Administration

The district is subdivided into five tehsils: namely Palari, Baloda Bazar, Kasdol, Bhatapara and Simga and 3 subdivisions namely Baloda Bazar, Bhatapara and Bilaigarh.
The district administration is headed by the district magistrate cum collector, the present Collector and District Magistrate to take charge of the newly formed district is Deepak Soni.

## Landmarks

The district is home to several landmarks of religious importance. The Kabeer Panth Ashram is located in the village of Damakheda, where Agardas Swami, the 12th Guru of Kabirpanth, established Kabir Math. Near the tomb, structures such as the Kabir hut and other buildings have been erected.
Giroudpuri Dham is positioned at the confluence of the Mahanadi and Jonk rivers, approximately 29 kilometers from Balodabazar and 84 kilometers from Raipur and is a pilgrimage site. It is believed to be the birthplace of Guru Ghasidas, the founder of the Satnami Panth in Chhattisgarh. Devotees visit to pay their respects at his ‘seat’, situated adjacent to the Jait Khamba.
Turturiya Dham is also a well-known pilgrimage destination and is of spiritual and historical relevance. The Valmiki Ashram, the site where the sage Valmiki is believed to have composed the Ramayana, is the main attraction at Turturiya Dham. The ancient temple on the premises was restored in the mid-20th century by Chintaram Tikariha.

## Demographics

Religions in Baloda Bazar district (2011) :
| Religion | Religion | Percent | Percent |
| Hinduism | Hinduism | 97.82% | 97.82% |
| Islam | Islam | 0.81% | 0.81% |
| Other (tribal religion) | Other (tribal religion) | 0.69% | 0.69% |
| Other or not stated | Other or not stated | 0.68% | 0.68% |
| Distribution of religions |||||
At the time of the 2011 census, Baloda Bazar district had a population of 1,078,911, of which 150,268 (13.93%) live in urban areas. Baloda Bazar district has a sex ratio of 1003 females to 1000 males. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes make up 229,792 (21.30%) and 148,349 (13.75%) of the population respectively.
Languages of Baloda Bazar district (2011)
At the time of the 2011 Census of India, 93.31% of the population in the district spoke Chhattisgarhi and 5.16% Hindi as their first language.
# Bhairanpally Massacre

The Bhairanpally Massacre was the killing of 96 Hindu villagers on 27 August 1948, by the Razakars in the village of Bhairanpally in present-day Telangana state of India.

## Background

India became independent from the British Raj on 15 August 1947. Soon after, the people of Hyderabad State began a civil revolt known as the Telangana Rebellion, agitating for a merger with India and against the authoritarian rule of the Nizam of Hyderabad. The Nizam's private army, the Razakars, attempted to quell the uprising of people demanding the merger of Nizam dominion into the Indian Union. They marched the length and breadth of Telangana, plundering and looting villages.

## Attack on the village and massacre

From June 1948, the Razakars tried thrice to enter Bhairanpally village but were repelled by the villagers using slings and other traditional weapons. However, in August they gained entry from the Razakars. The villagers took refuge in the fortress in the village and were able to kill some of the Razakars. However, the defenders were overwhelmed and killed, after which the Razakars went on a rampage raping women, looting their gold ornaments and even stripping the women naked and making them play bathukamma in front of the dead bodies. The villagers were made to stand two to three in a line and shot with a single bullet to save bullets. In the massacre of 27 August and the preceding days, 118 people were killed, as per historians and village elders.

## Legacy

There is a memorial on the outskirts of the village with the names of those killed engraved on it.