OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Festiniog Railway Princess

Princess is an 0-4-0ST+T steam locomotive built by George England for the Ffestiniog Railway in 1863. It is one of the earliest narrow gauge steam locomotives and is one of the three oldest surviving narrow gauge locomotives still on its original railway.

## History

Princess was the first steam locomotive delivered to the Ffestiniog Railway. It was originally named The Princess - after Princess Alexandra of Denmark - and carried the number 1. As delivered it was an 0-4-0 side tank without a cab. It began hauling public trains in September 1863.
From 1868, The Princess began hauling trains on the Festiniog and Blaenau Railway as well as the Ffestiniog Railway.
In December 1882, The Princess underwent a substantial overhaul and a large cast iron weight was placed over the side tanks and boiler, giving the locomotive extra adhesive weight and the appearance of a saddle tank. It ran a significant mileage in the 1880s and early 1890s. In 1893 it underwent another major overhaul, receiving a full cab and a true saddle tank; at the same time its name was shortened to Princess. After returning from overhaul in 1923, Princess also worked trains on the Welsh Highland Railway which by then was being operated by the Ffestiniog Railway. It worked until the closure of the Ffestiniog Railway on 1 August 1946, hauling the last train.
After the railway was preserved, Princess remained in the same condition it was withdrawn in. In 1969 it was put on public display at Blaenau Ffestiniog. In 1981, after being repainted in a red livery, it was placed in Spooner's Bar at Harbour Station.
In 2012, Princess was moved out of Spooner's, and in 2013 it was displayed at Paddington Station to commemorate the 150th anniversary of its construction.
# Georgina (locomotive)

Georgina is a 0-4-0ST steam locomotive built by North Bay Railway Engineering Services in 2016 for the North Bay Railway in Scarborough, North Yorkshire. She was the first steam locomotive to run on the line.

## Construction

Georgina is based on the W. G. Bagnall's 2 ft (610 mm) gauge Sipat class and is built to the 20 in (508 mm) gauge of the North Bay Railway. The original Sipat locomotive was built for the Sipat Water Works in India.
The North Bay Railway Engineering Services built Georgina over three years, starting in 2013. She was their first complete steam locomotive.

## North Bay Railway

Georgina was named in a ceremony by BBC newsreader Harry Gration in March 2016. Her first passenger service was on 23 March 2016. In September 2021, the North Bay Railway was purchased by new owners who decided to put Georgina up for sale.

## The Princess Royal Class Locomotive Trust

In December 2021, Georgina was sold to The Princess Royal Class Locomotive Trust operating at the Midland Railway Centre.
# Borris, Roscrea

Borris is a townland in the civil parish of Roscrea in County Tipperary.
# Maeda Nazhat

Maeda Nazhat or Maeda Jasim Mohammed Al-Azzawi (Arabic: مائدة نزهت; 1937 – c.19 September 2018 ) was an Iraqi singer. She came to fame in the 1950s and was one of the first performers to appear on Iraqi TV. She quit singing in the 1980s.

## Early life

Maeda was born in Baghdad, where she grew up and attended school. From an early age, she showed talent at school events, performing songs by famous Arab singers like Umm Kulthum.

## Career

In the early 1950s, she won a competition at the Iraqi broadcasting agency looking for new Iraqi talents, and she became a regular singer in Iraqi radio. She became one of the first to sing on TV in 1956, and she is considered the first to sing in support of the July 14 revolution in 1958, with her two songs "Good morning, revolution morning" and "I am Iraq". Maeda was also one of few women to sing the Iraqi maqam with the Iraqi Heritage Music Orchestra, which was founded in 1974.
Nazhat and her husband, musician Wadih Khonda (also known as Samir Al-Baghdadi), were famous internationally. They traveled to many countries including Syria, Lebanon, Kuwait, and the Soviet Union, where Nazhat preformed on stage or recorded songs for local radio.

## Later life

In the 1980s both Maeda and her husband retired from the music scene and chose to live in obscurity. It is reported that Maeda even requested that her songs no longer play on the radio. In 2003, after the US invasion of Iraq, Maeda left Iraq and moved to Jordan. She died on 19 September 2018 (or 2019) at the age of 81.
# Union Pacific 4012

Union Pacific 4012 is a 4884-1 class 4-8-8-4 "Big Boy" type steam locomotive, one of eight preserved Union Pacific Big Boy locomotives. Built in November 1941 by the American Locomotive Company (ALCO) at its Schenectady Locomotive Works of Schenectady, New York, No. 4012 was retired in 1962 and donated to Steamtown, U.S.A, in Bellows Falls, Vermont, and later moved to Steamtown National Historic Site in Scranton, Pennsylvania, where it remains today.

## History

Union Pacific 4012, nicknamed "Big Boy", is a 4-8-8-4 type locomotive built by American Locomotive Company in November 1941. It is among the world's largest steam locomotives. One of 25 built, No. 4012 is one of eight of its type to survive the advent of the diesel era. Referred to as an "articulated" locomotive, because it has more than one set of drivers, Big Boy weighs 1,250,000 pounds (570,000 kg). This locomotive worked for 21 years hauling freight between Cheyenne, Wyoming, and Ogden, Utah, logging over 1,000,000 miles (1,600,000 km) before its retirement in 1962.
No. 4012 was offered to Steamtown, U.S.A. along with a 4-6-6-4 Challenger and an office car. Steamtown founder F. Nelson Blount, faced with space limitations at Steamtown in 1962, could only accept the 4012. The Big Boy was on display at Bellows Falls, Vermont, until 1984, when Steamtown moved to Scranton, Pennsylvania. Since the Steamtown turntable and roundhouse are too small to accommodate the size and weight of 4012, it has remained outdoors since its arrival at Scranton.
The Steamtown Special History Study recommended that this locomotive remain at Steamtown because it is the only articulated locomotive in the Steamtown U.S.A. collection and suggested that due to its good condition, 4012 could be restored to working order. However, the study also recommended that 4012 remain on static display, because it is doubtful that the "track, switches, culverts, trestles, bridges, wyes, turntables, and other facilities that would have to carry it [could] bear its great weight".
Beginning on October 2, 2019, No. 4012 was removed from public display to begin a cosmetic restoration, including asbestos removal and repainting. The cosmetic restoration was completed on May 5, 2021, and the locomotive was returned to static display for National Train Day.
# Iris Fontbona

Iris Balbina Fontbona González (born 1942/1943) is a Chilean mining magnate, media proprietor, billionaire businesswoman, and the widow of Andrónico Luksic Abaroa, from whom she inherited Antofagasta PLC.
As of February 2025, Forbes estimated her net worth at US$25.8 billion. She is the wealthiest person in Chile, the third wealthiest in Latin America, and the ninth wealthiest woman worldwide in 2022 according to Forbes.

## Fortune

Fontbona acquired her wealth following the death of her husband, Andrónico Luksic Abaroa, in 2005 from cancer.
The bulk of her husband's business went to their three sons, Guillermo, Jean Paul and Andrónico. Jean Paul manages Antofagasta, Luksic Group's copper mining group and one of the largest mining companies in the world.

## Business

Fontbona and her family control Antofagasta, the Santiago-based mining company. Through the publicly traded company Quiñenco, they control Banco de Chile, Madeco, a copper products manufacturer, the country's largest brewer, CCU, and a shipping company, CSAV. CSAV is the world's 16th largest shipping company as measured by TEUs. In 2013, she controlled 65% of Antofagasta.
Following the death of her husband, business of her husband under her control, "Fontbona managed to make their family business grow and reach its new heights of success".
This included turning the business in the second biggest bank in Chile, the biggest brewer in the world, manager of the largest copper mines in the world and controlling the world's largest shipping company. Another one of her businesses is a pair of luxury hotel chains and a luxury resort in Croatia. One of her first major actions following her husband's death was to acquire a 70% stake in Chilean television station, Canal 13. Much of her power in the company appears to be indirect. Major business decisions impacting the company largely run by her son, Andrónico Luksic Craig, need to be approved of by Fontbona.

## Philanthropy

In 2015, Fontbona donated a record CL$3.1 billion (approximately US$3.9 million) to the annual Chilean Telethon, which seeks to help children with physical disabilities. She appeared on television for a telethon, which also takes place before a live audience.
In 2016, she donated CL$4.4 billion (approximately US$5.5 million), which assisted in setting a record for the charity event in terms of funds raised.

## Background

Fontbona was born in 1942 and attended a Catholic high school. When she was 17 she met Andrónico Luksic Abaroa, who was 15 years older than her, and who married him by the time she was 20. Luksic had five children by his first wife, Patricia Lederer, who died before he did. Fontbona became the step-mother of Andrónico Luksic Craig when he was a 7-year-old. Another of her sons was Guillermo Luksic, who died of lung cancer in 2013. The couple had three children of their own.
Fontbona spends time in three primary residences, including Vitacura, Santiago, Chile, Belgravia in London, and Liechtenstein. She is a devout Roman Catholic. She keeps a low profile but garners much media attention annually during the Chilean Telethon. She does not grant interviews.
# Madhopur

Madhopur may refer to several places:
* Madhopur, Rautahat, a village in Nepal
* Madhopur, Jalandhar, a village in India
* Madhopur, Punjab, a town in India
* Madhopur, Siwan, a village in India
# World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 2015

The Tenth World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference was held in Nairobi, Kenya from 15 to 19 December 2015. The conference was chaired by the Kenyan Foreign Affairs Minister Amina Mohamed.
The conference agreed an extension to the 1996 Information Technology Agreement. Afghanistan and Liberia acceded to the WTO, bringing the total membership of the organization to 164, with the total number of least-developed countries who have joined since 1995 rising to nine.
# Antonio Braga

Antonio Braga (22 January 1929 – 26 May 2009 in Naples) was an Italian classical composer. Born in Naples, he wrote ballets, concerto, ouvertures, symphonies and three operas.

## Works
### Ballets

* Les Abeilles a Naples (1955)
* C’è un albero a New York (1960)
* El trono de Abomè (1988)

### Symphony and Concertos

* Ouverture napolitaine (1955)
* Concerto exotique (1959)
* Travel into Latins (1969)
* Hispaniola (1969)
* My four city (1997)

### Operas and oratorios

* 1492 epopea lirica d'America (1992)
* San Domenico di Guzman (1997)
* San Francesco d'Assisi

### Adaptation

Translation from Neapolitan language to French of Miseria e nobiltà (1887) (Misère et Noblesse, 1956) by Eduardo Scarpetta.
# Baragoi clashes

In November 2012, a series of ethnic clashes between the Samburu and Turkana tribes of Kenya's Samburu County resulted in the deaths of at least 46 people including police officers sent to quell the violence.

## Cause of conflict

Tribal rivalry and fighting over cattle has been cited as the primary cause of the conflict.

## Major incidents
### November

In November 2012 over 40 Kenya Police officers and reservists were killed in the Suguta Valley near Baragoi while on a mission to recover stolen cattle.

### December

Four people were killed and several others injured in renewed cattle raids. This incident took place in Kewab in Baragoi when the Turkana and Samburu tribes.

## Government response

As a result of the November incident, the Kenyan Parliamentary Committee on Security sent a team to probe the clashes.
# Eurasia Shopping Mall

Eurasia Shopping Mall (simplified Chinese: 欧亚卖场; traditional Chinese: 歐亞賣場; pinyin: Ōuyà Màichǎng) is a shopping mall located in Chaoyang District, Changchun, Jilin province, north-east China. Its is allegedly the biggest mall in the world.
It is property of the Changchun Eurasia Group Co., Ltd, founded in 1992, and owner of other five malls in the city, besides other retail businesses.
# 2009 Karonga earthquakes

The 2009 Karonga earthquakes occurred near Karonga, Malawi in December 2009 near the northern tip of Lake Malawi in southeast Africa. The earthquakes were one of the biggest in the history of Malawi.

## Geology

Being in the southern East African Rift, the 100 km-long Livingstone Fault marks the limit of the Karonga Basin. The earthquakes, located at about 50 km west of the Livingstone Fault, occurred along previously unknown buried faults beneath the Quaternary unconsolidated sediments. Satellite-based geophysical investigations indicated that one of the west dipping faults which cut the Karonga Basin might have ruptured during the earthquakes. The studies also estimated a maximum slip of about 120 cm at 3–5 km depth with no evidence of dike-injection related activity associated with many earthquakes in Eastern Africa. Another study utilized aeromagnetic data to image the basement structure around the rupture area and found that multiple buried faults ruptured during the earthquake among which are the St. Mary Fault (extending over 37 km in length) and the Kaporo Fault which is 36 km long and is buried beneath Lake Malawi. Scientists have proposed that the dominance of seismicity in this part of northern Malawi may be due to the presence of pre-existing planes of weakness in the basement rocks that are favorably oriented to the tectonic stress field of the East African Rift.

## Earthquakes

| Date | Local Time (UTC +2) | Magnitude (M$_w$) | Latitude | Longitude | Depth | Casualties |
| December 6, 2009 | 19:36 | 5.8 | 10.16°S | 33.82°E | 10 km | |
| December 8, 2009 | 05:08 | 5.9 | 9.948°S | 33.878°E | 8 km | 1 |
| December 12, 2009 | 04:27 | 5.4 | 9.96°S | 33.88°E | 10 km | |
| December 19, 2009 | 15:02 | 6.0 | 10.108°S | 33.818°E | 6 km | 3 |

### Intensity

The main earthquake could also be felt in Tanzania and Zambia.

## Damage

Over 1,000 houses collapsed, 2,900 others were damaged, 4 people were killed and 300 people were wounded in this earthquake sequence. The majority of the building collapse was caused by liquefaction that occurred within a shallow layer of saturated unconsolidated lake sediments along the shoreline. The locations of ground damage and liquefaction align with the fault that ruptured the earthquake.
# Brush Run (Jacobs Creek tributary)

Brush Run is a 6.99 mi (11.25 km) long 2nd order tributary to Jacobs Creek in Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania.

## Variant names

According to the Geographic Names Information System, it has also been known historically as:
* Brush Creek
* Laurel Run

## Course

Brush Run rises about 1 mile east of Kecksburg, Pennsylvania, and then flows southwest to join Jacobs Creek about 0.5 miles southeast of Mount Pleasant.

## Watershed

Brush Run drains 8.59 square miles (22.2 km$^2$) of area, receives about 43.4 in/year of precipitation, has a wetness index of 403.86, and is about 36% forested.
# Haftka

Haftka or Hafftka is a Polish and Jewish family name of Polish origin. The Polish word literally means "hook-and-eye". Notable people with this surname include:
* Aleksander Hafftka (1892–1964), Polish Jewish historian and statesman
* Michael Hafftka, American figurative expressionist painter
* Raphael Haftka (1944–2020), American engineer
# Hangzhou Road station

Hangzhou Road Station is a metro station at Chengdu, Sichuan, China. It opened on December 18, 2020 with the opening of Chengdu Metro Line 6.
# Seventeenth East Asia Summit

The Seventeenth East Asia Summit was held in Phnom Penh, Cambodia on November 12–13, 2022. The East Asia Summit is an annual meeting of national leaders from the East Asian region and adjoining countries. EAS has evolved as forum for strategic dialogue and cooperation on political, security and economic issues of common regional concern and plays an important role in the regional architecture.

## Attending delegations

The heads of state and heads of government of the seventeen countries participated in the summit. The host of the 2022 East Asian Summit is also the Chairperson of ASEAN, the Prime Minister of Cambodia, Hun Sen.
During the summit, US President Joe Biden pledged to work with ASEAN members, saying the bloc is central to the United States strategy in the Indo-Pacific. Russia and the United States failed to agree on language for a joint statement following the summit.

### Gallery

* Australia Prime Minister Anthony Albanese
* Brunei Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah
* Cambodia Prime Minister Hun Sen (Chairperson)
* China Premier Li Keqiang
* India Vice President Jagdeep Dhankhar
* Indonesia President Joko Widodo
* Japan Prime Minister Fumio Kishida
* Laos Prime Minister Phankham Viphavanh
* Malaysia Speaker of the Dewan Rakyat Azhar Azizan Harun
* Myanmar Prime Minister Min Aung Hlaing was excluded from participating Seat reserved
* New Zealand Prime Minister Jacinda Ardern
* Philippines President Bongbong Marcos
* Russia Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov
* Singapore Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong
* South Korea President Yoon Suk-yeol
* Thailand Prime Minister Prayuth Chan-ocha
* United States President Joe Biden
* Vietnam Prime Minister Phạm Minh Chính

### Guest invitees

* European Union President Charles Michel
* Shanghai Cooperation Organization Secretary General Zhang Ming
# Headlamp tester

A headlamp tester, also known as headlamp aligner or beam setter, is an instrument to check both the orientation and intensity of a vehicle headlamp beam to ensure that it meets a minimum standard for the country of use of the vehicle. In the United Kingdom, a headlamp beam tester is used to assess the headlight during a MOT test but in order to be used it must be approved as suitable for use in the scheme. A list of acceptable headlight testers for use within this test scheme is listed on the Department of Transport website.
A headlight tester comprises a fully adjustable single optical collimated light lens assembly which is typically mounted on a vertical column or rail. The assembly is adjusted vertically to the actual height of the headlamp, which is typically around 500mm for passenger vehicles, but can be significantly higher for heavy goods vehicles (HGVs).
The optical lens itself is designed to focus the headlamp pattern on a screen. At the top of the lens mounting column is typically a mirror or laser which allows the headlight tester to be aligned with the longitudinal axis of the presented vehicle.
During a headlamp inspection, the vehicle headlamp is aimed through the lens, projecting the headlamp pattern at an aiming screen target which has lines showing the desired headlamp pattern. For low beam, this pattern is symmetric for the United States, asymmetric for the rest of the world. The screen will either be adjusted for, or directly show, the percentage of downwards aim of the headlights. The aim will typically be as low as 1% for passenger cars, and can be as high as 4% for HGVs. The aim, horizontally and vertically, can be adjusted by adjustment screws on the headlamp mounting assembly.
A feature often included as part of such a tester is a method by which the intensity of the beam can be measured. This is achieved with a light meter (also called Lux meter) which is incorporated within the assembly itself. This can be used to not only measure the intensity of the dipped beams but also to measure and compare the full beam intensity.
# Megan Valler

Megan Valler (born 19 February 1981) is a former Australian rugby union player. She was selected in Australia's squad for the 2007 O'Reilly Cup against New Zealand. She made her international debut for the Wallaroos in the first test against the Black Ferns in Whanganui. She also featured in the second test in Porirua, it was her final appearance for the side.
# Duncan Paia'aua

Duncan Paia'aua (born 20 January 1995) is a professional rugby union player who plays as a centre for Top 14 club Toulon. Born in New Zealand, he represents Samoa at international level.

## Early life

Paia'aua was born in Porirua, New Zealand but moved to Melbourne with his family at three years of age, and then settling in Rockhampton in 2002 playing junior league for Rockhampton Brothers. He played rugby at high school in Rockhampton and was twice selected for the Queensland Under 16 team.
He was chosen in the under 20 Junior Wallabies and competed in the Junior World Cup in Italy, June 2015, scoring 5 points for Australia.

## Club career

Paia'aua initially came through the Queensland Rugby Union's youth structures before switching to rugby league and linking up with the Brisbane Broncos where he represented their under-20s in the National Youth Competition. However, in August 2014 it was announced that he had switched back to rugby union and signed a 2-year contract with the Queensland Reds ahead of the 2015 Super Rugby season. He subsequently played 1 game for Queensland Country in the first ever National Rugby Championship, leading them to victory in 2018 and runner-up in 2019 as captain. He made his debut for the Queensland Reds in round 1, 2015 against the Brumbies in Canberra. His outstanding performance caught the eyes of major international recruiters. Paia'aua currently plays 10 or 12 at RC Toulon.

## International career

On 28 October 2017, Paia'aua started for the Wallabies against the Barbarians at Allianz Stadium, Sydney. He represented Australia at the Wallabies v Barbarians game in 2017 where he scored 16 of the 31 points although it was not officially designated a test match.
He finally made his international debut – for Samoa, his parents’ birthplace – against Italy in the 2022 end of year internationals. His second cap, against Georgia, ended in a red card for a dangerous tackle. He was suspended for four matches.
He represented Samoa at the 2023 Rugby World Cup scoring tries against Chile and Japan.
# Qinhuangsi station

Qinhuangsi Station is a metro station at Chengdu, Sichuan, China. It opened on December 18, 2020 with the opening of Chengdu Metro Line 6.