OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Féthi Harek

Féthi Harek (Arabic: فتحي حارك; born 21 October 1982) is a former professional footballer who played as a defender. Having begun his career with lower league sides AS Saint-Priest, FAIRM Île-Rousse Monticello, and Rodez AF, he spent the majority of his career with SC Bastia and Nîmes Olympique. Born in France, at international level he was capped once for the Algeria national team.

## Club career

Harek was born in Oullins, France, to a family originally from Tlemcen, Algeria.
He started his playing career as a striker for various amateur sides such as AS Saint-Priest, FAIRM Île-Rousse Monticello and Rodez AF. In the 2006–07 season, he helped Rodez win promotion to the third-tier Championnat National. His performances did not go unnoticed, and Bastia signed him at the end of that season.
In July 2014, after seven years in Bastia playing in Ligue 1, Ligue 2 and National, Harek signed a three-year contract with Nîmes Olympique.

## International career

Harek received his first call-up to the Algeria national football team for a friendly against DR Congo on 26 March 2008 in Paris, France. He made his debut at halftime, replacing Salim Arrache on the left wing.

## Career statistics
### Club

Appearances and goals by club, season and competition :
| Team | Season | League | League | League | Cup | Cup | Europe | Europe | Total | Total |
| Team | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Bastia | 2007–08 | Ligue 2 | 37 | 1 | 5 | 0 | — | — | 42 | 1 |
| Bastia | 2008–09 | Ligue 2 | 28 | 0 | 3 | 0 | — | — | 31 | 0 |
| Bastia | 2009–10 | Ligue 2 | 29 | 1 | 2 | 0 | — | — | 31 | 1 |
| Bastia | 2010–11 | Championnat National | 33 | 0 | 5 | 0 | — | — | 38 | 0 |
| Bastia | 2011–12 | Ligue 2 | 36 | 2 | 4 | 0 | — | — | 40 | 2 |
| Bastia | 2012–13 | Ligue 1 | 33 | 0 | 3 | 0 | — | — | 36 | 0 |
| Bastia | 2013–14 | Ligue 1 | 24 | 0 | 4 | 0 | — | — | 28 | 0 |
| Bastia | Total | Total | 220 | 4 | 26 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 246 | 4 |
| Nîmes | 2014–15 | Ligue 2 | 31 | 0 | 2 | 0 | — | — | 33 | 0 |
| Nîmes | 2015–16 | Ligue 2 | 27 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | 27 | 0 |
| Nîmes | 2016–17 | Ligue 2 | 26 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | 26 | 0 |
| Nîmes | 2017–18 | Ligue 2 | 29 | 2 | 2 | 0 | — | — | 31 | 2 |
| Nîmes | 2018–19 | Ligue 1 | 3 | 0 | 2 | 0 | — | — | 5 | 0 |
| Nîmes | Total | Total | 116 | 2 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 122 | 2 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 336 | 6 | 32 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 368 | 6 |
* ↑ Includes Ligue 1, Ligue 2 and Championnat National.
* ↑ Includes Coupe de France, Coupe de la Ligue and Trophée des champions.
* ↑ Includes UEFA Champions League, UEFA Cup and UEFA Supercup.

## Honours

Bastia
* Championnat National: 2010–11
* Ligue 2: 2011–12
* Ligue 2 Team of the Year: 2011–12
# Phat

Phat is modern English slang for "very good". It is derived from African-American Vernacular English.
It has been used as an abbreviation for 'Pretty Hot and Tempting' since the early 2000's.
Historically it was an occasional alternative spelling for "fat" or "vat". It may also refer to:

## Leisure activities

* Phat (card game), a variant of the game All-Fours
* Phat (comics), a fictional character in Marvel comics

## People

* Phat Watts (born 1999), American football player
* Huỳnh Tấn Phát (1913–1989), South Vietnamese politician and revolutionary
* Lâm Văn Phát (1920–1998), Vietnamese army officer
* Phat Wilson (1895–1970), Canadian amateur ice hockey player
* Richard Temple-Nugent-Brydges-Chandos-Grenville, 1st Duke of Buckingham and Chandos (1776–1839), nicknamed Phat Duke
# Piya Sengupta

Piya Sengupta (born in Kolkata, India) is an Indian actress and producer. She is known for her work in Bengali cinema. She is the daughter of Sukhen Das and mother of Bonny Sengupta.
As an actress, she made her debut opposite Prosenjit Chatterjee in Sujit Guha's Dadamoni (1984). She rose to prominence for her role opposite Joy Banerjee in Milan Tithi (1985) directed by Sukhen Das. Even though the film was a massive success at the box office, she did not achieve any further significant feat in her career.

## Family and early life

Born on 9 June 1970, Sengupta is the daughter of Bengali actor and director Sukhen Das. She completed her schooling from Kamala Girls School, and then graduated from Jogamaya Devi College, Kolkata. She is married to Anup Sengupta. Bonny Sengupta is their son, who is also an actor.

## Filmography

| Year | Title | Producer |
| 1984 | Dadamoni | |
| 1985 | Milantithi | |
| 1987 | Paap Punya | |
| 1990 | Nyaydanda | |
| 1998 | Banglar Badhu | |
| 1999 | Santan | |
| 2000 | Sajoni Aamar Sohag | |
| 2003 | Mayer Anchal | |
| 2004 | Pratishodh | |
| 2004 | Paribar | |
| 2005 | Chore Chore Mastuto Bhai | |
| 2005 | Dadar Adesh | Yes |
| 2006 | Abhimanyu | |
| 2007 | Mahaguru | Yes |
| 2009 | Mama Bhagne | |
| 2010 | Pratidwandi | |
| 2010 | Tara | |
| 2013 | Prayoshchitto | |
# Sinus bradycardia

Sinus bradycardia is a sinus rhythm with a reduced rate of electrical discharge from the sinoatrial node, resulting in a bradycardia, a heart rate that is lower than the normal range (60–100 beats per minute for adult humans).

## Signs and symptoms

The decreased heart rate can cause a decreased cardiac output resulting in symptoms such as lightheadedness, dizziness, hypotension, vertigo, and syncope. The slow heart rate may also lead to atrial, junctional, or ventricular ectopic rhythms.
Bradycardia is not necessarily problematic. People who practice sports may have sinus bradycardia, because their trained hearts can pump enough blood in each contraction to allow a low resting heart rate. Sinus bradycardia can also be an adaptive advantage; for example, diving seals may have a heart rate as low as 12 beats per minute, helping them to conserve oxygen during long dives.
Sinus bradycardia is a common condition found in both healthy individuals and those who are considered well-conditioned athletes.
Heart rates considered bradycardic vary by species; for example, in the house cat, a rate of under 120 beats per minute is abnormal. Generally, smaller species have higher and larger species lower rates.

## Pathophysiology & etiology

* Sinus bradycardia is commonly seen in normal healthy persons and athletes in the absence of pathophysiological diseases or conditions.
* Different factors or etiologies could lead to the dysfunction of the sinus node, causing a malformation or prolongation of the impulse.
* In terms of pathophysiological diseases, sinus rhythm may be caused by:
** Diseases/Conditions:
*** Acute myocardial infarction, carotid sinus syndrome, eating disorders (such as anorexia nervosa), rhodotoxin poisoning, hypothermia, hypothyroidism, infections (such as diphtheria, acute rheumatic fever, or viral myocarditis), intrinsic disease of the SA node (such as sick sinus syndrome), Roemheld syndrome, sleep apnea
** Physiological causes:
*** Increased vagal tone, increased intracranial pressure
** Medications, most commonly: digitalis glycosides, beta-blockers, quinidine, adenosine, calcium channel blockers, class I antiarrhythmic agents, ivabradine, clonidine, reserpine, cimetidine, lithium, amitriptyline

## Diagnosis

Diagnosis of sinus bradycardia can be confirmed by an electrocardiogram that shows the following characteristics:
* Rate: Less than 60 beats per minute.
* Rhythm: Regular.
* P waves: Upright, consistent, and normal in morphology and duration.
* PR interval: Between 0.12 and 0.20 seconds in duration.
* QRS complex: Less than 0.12 seconds in width, and consistent in morphology.
Taking a thorough medical history and physical exam by healthcare providers can also help with narrowing differential diagnosis. Any recent changes to patient's medication history, new symptoms such as chest pain, shortness of breath and palpitations, family history of sinus bradycardia, physical exam that reveals cyanosis, peripheral edema, altered mental status, dyspnea, rales and crackles are all relevant information to consider for differential diagnosis.
# Pleasant Valley (Nevada-Utah)

Pleasant Valley, is a valley that is part of White Pine County, Nevada and Juab County, Utah. Its mouth is located at an elevation of 5,682 feet (1,732 meters) in Utah. Its head is at 39°44′09″N 114°09′53″W﻿ / ﻿39.73583°N 114.16472°W﻿ / 39.73583; -114.16472 at an elevation of 6,965 feet (2,123 meters) in Nevada. It lies between the Kern Mountains on the south, and South Mountains to the northwest and the Deep Creek Range on the north.
# List of Norwegian films of the 1960s

Films produced in Norway in the 1960s:

## 1960s

| Title | Director | Cast | Genre | Notes |
| 1960 |||||
| Aku-Aku | Thor Heyerdahl | Thor Heyerdahl | | |
| Omringet | Arne Skouen | | | |
| Struggle for Eagle Peak | Tancred Ibsen | | | Entered into the 10th Berlin International Film Festival |
| 1961 |||||
| Askeladden og De gode hjelperne | Ivo Caprino | | | |
| Hans Nielsen Hauge | Kåre Bergstrøm | | | |
| The Passionate Demons | Nils Reinhardt Christensen | | | Entered into the 1961 Cannes Film Festival |
| Det store varpet | Nils R. Müller | | | Entered into the 2nd Moscow International Film Festival |
| 1962 |||||
| Kalde spor | Arne Skouen | Toralv Maurstad | | Entered into the 3rd Moscow International Film Festival |
| Tonny | Nils R. Müller | | | Entered into the 12th Berlin International Film Festival |
| 1963 |||||
| Om Tilla | Arne Skouen | | | |
| 1964 |||||
| Alle tiders kupp | Øyvind Vennerød | | | |
| 1965 |||||
| 1966 |||||
| Afrikaneren | Barthold Halle | | | |
| Hunger | Henning Carlsen | | | Adaptation of Knut Hamsun's novel Hunger. |
| 1967 |||||
| Himmel og hav! - Stompa til sjøs | Nils-Reinhardt Christensen | | | |
| Liv | Pål Løkkeberg | | | Entered into the 17th Berlin International Film Festival |
| 1968 |||||
| The Man Who Could Not Laugh | Bo Hermansson | Rolv Wesenlund, Harald Heide-Steen Jr., Wenche Myhre | comedy | |
| 1969 |||||
| An-Magritt | Arne Skouen | Liv Ullmann | | |
| Scorched Earth | Knut Andersen | | | Entered into the 6th Moscow International Film Festival |
# René Bonnet (footballer)

René Bonnet was a French footballer who played as a defender for AS Française and the French national team in 1913–14.

## Biography

Very little is known about his life; Bonnet was playing football for AS Française in 1913, when the USFSA selected him to play for the so-called Lions des Flandres, a regional scratch team representing Northern France, in a friendly match against the English Wanderers on 1 November; he scored an own goal in an eventual 1–4 loss.
Three months later, on 8 February 1914, Bonnet earned his first (and only) international cap for France in an away friendly against Luxembourg, playing the full 90 minutes both as a defender and as the captain, and failing at both jobs miserably, as he conceded five goals in a humiliating 5–4 loss. His date of birth is unknown, but the most frequently cited year is 1880, which means that he would have been 33 or 34 years old during his only international match, which seems quite improbable given that 30-year-old players were extremely rare in the French team before the First World War. If true, he was the first 30-year-old player in the history of the Bleus, and held the record for the oldest player in the French national team for over 14 years until May 1928, when Juste Brouzes played his last match for France at the age of 34 years and 132 days.
Two weeks after his international debut, on 22 February, Bonnet helped AS Française claim the 1913–14 USFSA Paris championship.

## Honours
### AS Française

* USFSA Paris Championship:
** Champions (1): 1913–14
# Ophiocistioidea

Ophiocistioidea is a class of extinct echinoderms from the Palaeozoic and early Mesozoic. They most likely form a paraphyletic grade along sea cucumber stem lineage, although some sources still consider the question of ophiocistioid monophyly unresolved.

## Etymology

Ophiocistioidea is named from the Greek words "ophis" (snake) and "kiste" (box).

## Anatomy

Ophiocistioids had a flattened globular body encased in a solid test of calcareous plates, similar to that of a modern sea urchin. As with sea urchins, the mouth faced downwards and contains a structure known as an Aristotle's lantern. Unlike sea urchins, the anus was laterally placed rather than being at the center of the upper surface. Five ambulacra radiated outwards from the mouth across the lower surface, but only continued around the edge to just under the level of the anus. The madreporite was to one side of the mouth. Ophiocistioids had unusually long tube feet emerging from near the mouth and around the edges of the body. Unlike the tube feet of other echinoderms, these tube feet were covered in stereom plates.
# Ochwalkee Creek

Ochwalkee Creek is a stream in Georgia, United States. It is a tributary to the Oconee River. The name 'Ochwalkee' is derived from the Creek language meaning 'dirty water'.
# Hieu Minh Nguyen

Hieu Minh Nguyen (Vietnamese name: Nguyễn Minh Hiếu) is a Vietnamese-American poet based in Minneapolis. A graduate of the Warren Wilson College MFA Program, his writing has appeared in PBS NewsHour, POETRY magazine, BuzzFeed, Poetry London, Best American Poetry, The New York Times, Muzzle Magazine, The Paris-American, the Indiana Review, and more. He identifies as queer.
Nguyen is the recipient of the 2017 NEA fellowship for poetry, a Kundiman fellow, a poetry editor for Muzzle Magazine, winner of the VERVE grant from Intermedia Arts, and the Minnesota Emerging Writers’ Grant from The Loft Literary Center. He has been a recipient of the University of Arizona Poetry Center's Summer Residency, and has participated in many other residencies and fellowships - including the Ruth Lilly and Dorothy Sargent Rosenberg Poetry Fellowship. He was a 2019-2021 Stegner Fellow in poetry at Stanford University.
In 2014, his debut collection of poetry, This Way to the Sugar, was a finalist for both the Lambda Literary Award and the Minnesota Book Award. His second collection, Not Here, was published in April 2018 by Coffee House Press.

## Published works
### Books

* Not Here, (Coffee House Press, 2018)
* This Way to the Sugar, (Write Bloody Publishing, 2014)
# Patrice Garande

Patrice Garande (born 27 November 1960) is a French former professional footballer who played as a striker, currently a manager.

## Playing career
### Club

Born in Oullins, Rhône, Garande finished his development at AS Saint-Étienne, but appeared rarely for the first team during his tenure. In 1981, following a spell in the Swiss Super League with CS Chênois, he signed with AJ Auxerre, scoring a career-best 21 goals in the 1983–84 season to help them finish in third place in Ligue 1 and becoming top scorer in the process.
After leaving the Stade de l'Abbé-Deschamps in the summer of 1986, Garande went on to represent, in the French top division, FC Nantes, Saint-Étienne, Montpellier HSC, Le Havre AC and FC Sochaux-Montbéliard, eventually amassing competition totals of 314 matches and 97 goals. He retired at the age of 34, after a stint with amateurs US Orléans for which he had already played in Ligue 2.

### International

Garande was part of the French Olympic team that won the gold medal at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles. He won his only cap for the full side on 27 April 1988, in a 0–0 friendly away draw in Northern Ireland.

## Style of play

Garande was known for his intelligent movement as a forward, which made him difficult for opposing defenders to mark, with French former defender Lilian Thuram labelling him as one of his most difficult opponents throughout his career.

## Coaching career

In 1995, Garande joined Stade Malherbe Caen as assistant to Pierre Mankowski. He moved to AS Cherbourg Football in directorial capacities in January 1999, being named head coach the following year and achieving promotion to the Championnat National.
In June 2012, following Caen's relegation to the second division, Garande replaced fired Franck Dumas as manager. After a third place in the 2013–14 campaign and the subsequent promotion, the side managed to avoid relegation after a spectacular comeback, and his contract was renewed until 2017.
After again leading the club to top-flight survival, Garande left the Stade Michel d'Ornano in May 2018. Two years later, he was appointed at Toulouse FC who had just finished last in the abridged 2019–20 Ligue 1.
On 23 August 2021, Garande was hired by second-tier Dijon FCO.
# Chemoprophylaxis

Chemoprevention or chemoprophylaxis refers to the administration of a medication for the purpose of preventing disease or infection. Antibiotics, for example, may be administered to patients with disorders of immune system function to prevent bacterial infections (particularly opportunistic infection). Antibiotics may also be administered to healthy individuals to limit the spread of an epidemic, or to patients who have repeated infections (such as urinary tract infections) to prevent recurrence. It may also refer to the administration of heparin to prevent deep venous thrombosis in hospitalized patients.
In some cases, chemoprophylaxis is initiated to prevent the spread of an existing infection in an individual to a new organ system, as when intrathecal chemotherapy is administered in patients with malignancy to prevent further infection.
The use of chemoprophylaxis is limited primarily by two factors: risk and financial costs.
* All medications have the potential to cause side effects. In general, chemoprophylaxis should be initiated only when the benefits of treatment outweigh the risks.
* The cost associated with chemoprophylaxis may be prohibitive, particularly when the cost of treatment is high or the incidence of the target disease is low. Many forms of chemoprophylaxis are therefore not cost-effective.

## Specific diseases

Using chemoprophylaxis as a treatment against early signs of tuberculosis has proven to be effective. In familial adenomatous polyposis physicians observed polyps regression with NSAIDs for anti-inflammatory therapy. Chemoprophylaxis is also used to treat several different varieties of meningococcal infections for close contact exposure to Neisseria meningitidis.
The World Health Organization recommends chemoprevention to prevent Malaria in the Sahel region of Sub-Saharan Africa through the use of the drugs sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine and amodiaquine. This technique is called Seasonal Malaria Chemoprevention (SMC). The charity evaluator GiveWell lists the Malaria Consortium's SMC program as one of its priority programs due to its high level of cost-effectiveness and ability to absorbe additional funding.

## Cancer

Chemoprevention in cancer, was first proposed by Michael Sporn, seeks to identify ‘agents to reverse, suppress or prevent the carcinogenic process,’ from premalignancy to invasive and or metastatic cancer, by ‘using physiological mechanisms that do not kill healthy cells. Anand Reddi proposed a role for the antidiabetes drug metformin as a chemoprevention agent for skin cancer.
# Alex Brenninkmeijer

Alex Brenninkmeijer (29 June 1951 - 14 April 2022) was a Dutch lawyer, judge and academic, national ombudsman between 2005 and 2014, and member of the European Court of Auditors from 2014 until his death.

## Biography

Alex Brenninkmeijer was born in Amsterdam in 1951. He studied Dutch law at the University of Groningen from 1971 to 1976, majoring in private law and public law and minoring in economics. In 1987, he obtained his doctorate from Tilburg University.
From 2005 to 2014, Brenninkmeijer served as the National Ombudsman of the Netherlands. He was a member of the ECA from 2014 until his death in April 2022.
Brenninkmeijer was married to judge Sacha Prechal.
# GMD GMDH-1

The GMD GMDH-1 was an experimental diesel-hydraulic, center-cab, switching locomotive built by General Motors Diesel of Canada. Four examples were built. The first two locomotives were each fitted with a pair of 6-cylinder Detroit Diesel series 110 engines giving 600 horsepower (450 kW), while the second pair had two series 71 engines developing 800 hp (600 kW).
The first constructed, in December 1956, was serial #A1597, numbered GMDD 1001. It became the GMD London, Ontario plant switcher in April 1958, and was retired in November 1975. The locomotive was given to the Canadian Railway Historical Association in July 1977, and passed into the collection of the Canada Science and Technology Museum in November 1986 after being restored by Al Howlett of London, Ontario.
The second locomotive, serial #A1713, was completed in September 1958, and was first numbered GMDD 600 as a demonstrator. It was later sold to Brazil, where it was RFFSA 600 and later Rio Grande do Sul 6031. The unit is reported as having been subsequently scrapped.
The third and fourth locomotives, #A1811 and #A1812, were constructed in September and October 1959 respectively; they were initially given GMDD 800 and 801. Both were sold to industry. #A1811 passed through a succession of owners. It was first sold to Electric Reduction Company (ERCO) in May 1961 as their #89; ERC sold it to S.G. Paikin through Malcolm Black Equipment Ltd, equipment dealers, in October 1972, who in turn sold it to Limestone Products in October 1973 as their #3-6902. It was sold once more to Malcolm Black Equipment Ltd in September 1979, who resold it in February 1980 to Raritan River Steel of (Perth Amboy, New Jersey) as their #3. It did not last there, returning to Canada again through Malcolm Black Equipment Ltd and being rebuilt by Peacock Bros. of Edmonton before passing to Hudson Bay Oil & Gas in Kaybob, Alberta as their #3 in January 1981. Hudson Oil & Gas became Dome Petroleum and then Amoco Canada Petroleum, for whom the locomotive remains (as of 2006) operable.
#A1812, meanwhile, was purchased by contracting firm Guy F. Atkinson Company as their #28151. It was re-gauged to 5 ft 6 in (1,676 mm) gauge and shipped to Pakistan for the building of the Mangla Dam, where it still resides.
# Ts–ch merger

In phonology, the ts–ch merger is the merger of the voiceless alveolar affricate /ts/ and the voiceless postalveolar affricate /tʃ/.
In Russian, it is the merger of the consonants rendered by letters Che and Tse. If the shift is towards Tse, it is called tsokanye (Russian: цоканье); the shift towards Che is called chokanye (Russian: чоканье).
It is a regular sound change of Lower Sorbian, but not Upper Sorbian, as seen in the difference between Lower Sorbian cas and Upper Sorbian čas, both meaning "time".
In Polish the /t͡ʃ/ → /t͡s/ merger is part of a more general dialectal feature called mazurzenie (mazuration), present in many Polish dialects but named after the Masovian dialect.
It also occurs in a few areas of the Chakavian dialect of Serbo-Croatian, known as tsakavism.
The sabesdiker losn feature of Northeastern Yiddish includes the /tʃ/ → /ts/ merger.
Greek-speaking people may merge /t͡ʃ/ (and /d͡ʒ/) into /t͡s/ (and /d͡z/) when speaking foreign languages that contain those sounds.