OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Qaffin

Qaffin (Arabic: قفّين) is a Palestinian town located 22 kilometers (14 mi) northeast of Tulkarm in the Tulkarm Governorate in the northwestern West Bank. The town is an agricultural town. According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics, its population consisted over 8,387 inhabitants in 2007 and 10,690 in 2017. The built-up area of the town is 1,000 dunams.

## History

Ceramics from the Byzantine era have been found here.
In 1265, Qaffin was one of the estates given by Sultan Baibars to his followers after his victory over the Crusaders. Half of Qaffin was given to emir Rukn al-Din Baibars al-Mu'izzi.

### Ottoman era

In 1517 the village was incorporated into the Ottoman Empire with the rest of Palestine. During the 16th and 17th centuries, Turabay Emirate (1517-1683), which encompassed also the Jezreel Valley, Haifa, Jenin, Beit She'an Valley, northern Jabal Nablus, Bilad al-Ruha/Ramot Menashe, and the northern part of the Sharon plain.
In the 1596 Ottoman tax-records a village named Qaffin appeared part of the nahiya (subdistrict) of Jenin under the liwa' (district) of Lajjun, with a population of 27 Muslim households. They paid taxes on a number of products, including wheat, barley, summer crops, olives, goats and beehives, in addition to occasional revenues and a press for olive oil or grape syrup; a total of 9,000 akçe.
In 1870/1871 (1288 AH), an Ottoman census listed the village in the nahiya of Shafa al-Gharby.
In 1882, the PEF's Survey of Western Palestine described the village, then named Kuffin as: "A good sized village on the low hills east of the Plain of Sharon, with a well on the south side. It has rock cut tombs, and a palm grows near the village."

### British Mandate era

In the 1922 census of Palestine conducted by the British Mandate authorities, Kaffin had a population of 721 Muslims, increasing in the 1931 census to 1,085 Muslims, living in 255 houses.
In the 1945 statistics the population of Qaffin, (including Kh. el Aqqaba and Kh. esh Sheik Meisar) was 1,570 Muslims, and the land area was 23,755 dunams of land according to an official land and population survey. Of this, 5,863 dunams were plantations and irrigable land, 8,371 were used for cereals, while 40 dunams were built-up (urban) land.
* Qaffin 1942 1:20,000
* Qaffin 1945 1:250,000

### Jordanian era

In the wake of the 1948 Arab–Israeli War, and after the 1949 Armistice Agreements, Qaffin came under Jordanian rule.
In 1961, the population of Qaffin was 2,457.

### Post 1967

Since the Six-Day War in 1967, Qaffin has been under Israeli occupation.
* On 7 February, Bader Harashi (20) had quarreled with an Israeli soldier at the Separation barrier just outside the village, where he was protesting the Trump Middle East peace plan. According to Palestinian reports, the soldier, apparently a Druze, left, came back some minutes later in a jeep, opened the door and shot Harashi dead. According to the IDF investigation, Harashi was shot dead when observed preparing to throw a Molotov cocktail.

## Demographics

The village's residents came from different places, including Hebron, 'Arura, the Ayalon Valley, and Bedouin communities.
# 2016 Grenadian constitutional referendum

A constitutional referendum was held in Grenada on 24 November 2016. Voters were asked whether they approved of seven amendments, with each one voted on separately. The amendments would only have been approved if two-thirds of valid votes had been cast in favour. However, all seven proposals were rejected by voters. It was the first referendum in Grenada's history.

## Proposed amendments

The seven proposed amendments were:
* The Caribbean Court of Justice becomes the final court of appeal (as opposed to the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council in London); renaming the Supreme Court of Grenada and the West Indies Associated States as the "Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court"; introducing a code of conduct for civil servants; changing the oath of allegiance so that allegiance is sworn to Grenada instead of the Queen. (CCJ and Other Justice Related Matters)
* Creation of an Elections and Boundaries Commission to replace the Constituency Boundaries Commission and the Supervisor of Elections. (Elections and Boundaries Commission)
* Allow the leader of the party with the most votes to be appointed Leader of the Opposition and to sit in the House of Representatives if the second-placed party fails to win a seat in a general election. (Ensuring a Leader of the Opposition)
* Introduce fixed dates for elections, with the caveat that a vote of no confidence may trigger an early election. (Fixed Date for Elections)
* Changing the official name of the State from "Grenada" to "Grenada, Carriacou and Petite Martinique". (Name of State)
* An expansion of the list of fundamental rights and freedoms. (Rights and Freedoms)
* Limiting the Prime Minister to three consecutive terms in office. (Term of Office of Prime Minister)

## Campaign

The proposed amendments were supported by the governing New National Party headed by Prime Minister Keith Mitchell, as well as the Grenada National Organisation of Women and Groundation Grenada NGOs. The National Democratic Congress opposed the reforms, as did the Alliance Evangelical Churches.

## Results

| Question | For | For | Against | Against | Invalid/ blank | Total votes | Registered voters | Turnout |
| Question | Votes | % | Votes | % | Invalid/ blank | Total votes | Registered voters | Turnout |
| Caribbean Court of Justice and other Justice-related matters | 9,639 | 43.27 | 12,635 | 56.73 | 903 | 23,177 | 71,241 | 32.53 |
| Elections and Boundaries Commission | 8,944 | 40.32 | 13,239 | 59.68 | 989 | 23,172 | 71,241 | 32.53 |
| Ensuring the appointment of Leader of the Opposition | 6,116 | 28.22 | 15,556 | 71.78 | 1,492 | 23,164 | 71,241 | 32.51 |
| Fixed date for Elections | 7,089 | 32.78 | 14,536 | 67.22 | 1,545 | 23,170 | 71,241 | 32.52 |
| Name of State | 9,694 | 43.71 | 12,485 | 56.29 | 1,002 | 23,181 | 71,241 | 32.54 |
| Rights and Freedoms | 5,067 | 23.62 | 16,388 | 76.38 | 1,703 | 23,158 | 71,241 | 32.51 |
| Term of Office of Prime Minister | 5,396 | 26.07 | 15,301 | 73.93 | 2,442 | 23,139 | 71,241 | 32.48 |
| Source: PEO |||||||||
# Gary Alexander (basketball)

Gary R. Alexander (born November 1, 1969) is an American former professional basketball player.
A 6' 7" forward born in Jacksonville, Florida, Alexander played at William M. Raines High School and the University of South Florida before having an 11-game stint in the National Basketball Association. He played for the Miami Heat and Cleveland Cavaliers during the 1993–94 season.
In 1992–93 he was the top rebounder in the Israel Basketball Premier League.
Alexander retired from basketball. He stated that basketball had served its purpose for him.
# Judith St. George

Judith Saint George (February 26, 1931 – June 10, 2015) was an American author, most famous for writing So You Want to Be President?. She has written more than 40 books, most being historical fiction. Ms. St. George was born in Westfield, NJ and is a graduate of Smith College. She was a resident of Connecticut at the time of her death on June 10, 2015.
# Parowan Creek

Parowan Creek, is a stream in the Parowan Valley of Iron County, Utah. It flows north through Parowan, Utah to its mouth at an elevation of 5,686 feet (1,733 meters) at the Little Salt Lake in Parowan Valley. Its source is located at an elevation of 9,980 feet at 37°40′57″N 112°51′16″W﻿ / ﻿37.68250°N 112.85444°W﻿ / 37.68250; -112.85444 in Brian Head, Utah in the Markagunt Plateau.

## History

Parowan Creek was originally known by the early travelers on the Mormon Road as the 3rd Creek in the Little Salt Lake Valley, now known as the Parowan Valley, as one traveled southward in the valley. It was a camping spot on the road described in the 1851 Mormon Waybill as having: "...good feed, and wood."
# Ptahhotep Tjefi

Ptahhotep Tjefi, also called Ptahhotep II (fl. c. 2375 BC) was an ancient Egyptian official who lived at the end of the Fifth Dynasty, most likely under king Djedkare Isesi and under king Unas. His main function at the royal court was that of the vizier, making him to the most important man at the court, only second to the king. Ptahhotep, whose second name was Tjefi, came from an influential family. His father was the vizier Akhethetep. His grandfather was the vizier Ptahhotep (I). Ptahhotep is mainly known from his mastaba at Saqqara. The burial complex was built for him and his father Akhethetep.
# United Nations Security Council Resolution 583

United Nations Security Council resolution 583, adopted unanimously on 18 April 1986, after recalling previous resolutions on the topic, as well as studying the report by the Secretary-General on the United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL) approved in 426 (1978), the Council decided to extend the mandate of UNIFIL for a further three months until 19 July 1986.
The Council then reemphasised the mandate of the Force and requested the Secretary-General to report back on the progress made with regard to the implementation of resolutions 425 (1978) and 426 (1978).
# Chesapeake and Ohio 1308

Chesapeake & Ohio Railway No. 1308 is an preserved articulated 2-6-6-2 "Mallet" type steam locomotive built by Baldwin Locomotive Works in 1949. It was the next to the last Class 1 mainline locomotive built by Baldwin, closing out more than 100 years of production, a total of more than 70,000 locomotives. Its other surviving sister locomotive, No. 1309, has been restored to operation at the Western Maryland Scenic Railroad in Cumberland, Maryland.

## History

While the engine was built in the 1943, it was among the last of a series of 2-6-6-2s that the C&O used, starting in 1911. A very similar design, the USRA 2-6-6-2 was chosen by the United States Railroad Administration as one of its standard designs thirty years earlier during World War I. The advantage of the design was that it could be used on the relatively light, tightly curved, branch lines in West Virginia and Kentucky coal country, and that's where it worked for its seven-year working life, making the two-hour run from Peach Creek, near Logan, West Virginia to the Ohio River at Russell, Kentucky with an occasional trip to Hinton, West Virginia. Its use in heavy mountain railroading is emphasized by its two cross compound air compressors mounted on the smokebox door to supply enough air for frequent heavy braking.
The class was unusual for the time in that they were true Mallets, since their steam was expanded once in their smaller rear cylinders and then a second time in their larger front cylinders. While compound locomotives are more efficient than single expansion, their extra complication led to very few United States railroads using them after the turn of the century. The C&O had a long history with Mallets and they were ideal for slow speed work in West Virginia.
After its last run on February 29, 1956, it was stored at Russell until the C&O gave it to the Collis P. Huntington Railroad Historical Society, Inc., a group founded in 1959. Collis P. Huntington is best known as one of the Big Four who built the Central Pacific Railroad from San Francisco to Promontory, Utah, but following that he spent at least ten years as a leading figure of the C&O. The town where 1308 sits is named for him. The C&O donated the engine to the New River Train Group in 1962 as has been on since been on static display at the Collis P. Huntington Railroad Historical Society, Inc.
The locomotive was added to the National Register of Historic Places as Chesapeake and Ohio 1308 Steam Locomotive in 2003.
# Keyuan station (Chengdu Metro)

Keyuan (Chinese: 科园) is a station on Line 5 of the Chengdu Metro in China. It was opened on 27 December 2019.
# Koko Archibong

Aniekan Okon “Koko” Archibong (born May 10, 1981) is a former Nigerian-American professional basketball player. At a height of 2.06 m (6 ft 9 in) tall, he played at the small forward position.

## Early life and education

Koko Archibong was born as Aniekan Okon Archibong in New York City, the first-born son in his family. His parents were academic scholars who emigrated to the United States for their studies. He is called Koko because it means "junior" in Nigeria.
He attended the Polytechnic School in Pasadena, California, and then the University of Pennsylvania where he earned a Pre-Med bachelor's degree (BSc Pre-Med) in 2003. He subsequently earned a Master of Public Health (MPH) degree from the University of Liverpool in 2013.
He is the older brother of artist and designer Ini Archibong.

## Work and career

In 2013, Archibong founded a basketball skills training business and also became assistant athletic director of the Polytechnic School, his alma mater. He became a client relationship associate with the Capital Group in 2015, and now serves as a vice president and Private Wealth Advisor.

## College basketball career

Archibong played college basketball at the University of Pennsylvania, with the Penn Quakers from 2000 to 2003. In his junior season, he averaged 14.2 points and 5.7 rebounds, while shooting .510 shooting from the field. In the same season, he set a school record (along with teammates Tim Begley, Ugonna Onyekwe and Jeff Schiffner) by starting all 32 games the Quakers played that season.
Archibong captained the 2002–03 team with Andy Toole, leading Penn to a 22–6 record (including a 14–0 Ivy League mark) and advancing to the NCAA Tournament for the second year in a row. He ended his Penn career with 1,131 points, 504 rebounds, 110 assists, 76 steals and 59 blocked shots while making 99 starts. He was a two-time All-Ivy and Academic All-Ivy League selection.

## Professional basketball career

After a few pre-draft workouts with the Phoenix Suns, he went undrafted in the 2003 NBA draft. He went on to become part of the Suns' Summer League team in the 2003 Reebok Rocky Mountain Revue in Salt Lake City. He later made to the training camp of the Los Angeles Lakers in 2003.
Archibong played professional basketball in France, Germany, and Poland. In 2005, he won the German League championship with GHP Bamberg. He played in the EuroLeague with the clubs Pau-Orthez, Brose Baskets, and Prokom Sopot.

## Nigerian national team

Archibong played with the senior men's Nigerian national basketball team. He competed at the 2012 Summer Olympics.
# List of city nicknames in Alaska

This partial list of city nicknames in Alaska compiles the aliases, sobriquets and slogans that cities and towns in Alaska are known by (or have been known by historically), officially and unofficially, to municipal governments, local people, outsiders or their tourism boards or chambers of commerce.
City nicknames can help establish a civic identity, help outsiders recognize a community, attract people to a community because of its nickname, promote civic pride, and build community unity.
Nicknames and slogans that successfully create a new community "ideology or myth" are also believed to have economic value. This value is difficult to measure, but there are anecdotal reports of cities that have achieved substantial economic benefits by "branding" themselves with new slogans.
Some unofficial nicknames are positive, while others are derisive. The unofficial nicknames listed here have been in use for a long time or have gained wide currency.
* Anchorage
** Air Crossroads of the World
** Anchortown
** The City of Lights and Flowers (or City of Lights)
** Hanging Basket Capital of the World
** Los Anchorage
** Rage City (in reference to roller derby and punk culture)
* Cordova
** Clam Town
* Fairbanks – The Golden Heart City
** Scarebanks
** Squarebanks
* Haines – Eagle Capital of America
* Homer
** Halibut Capital of the World; Halibut Fishing Capital of the World
** Cosmic Hamlet by the Sea
* Kenai – The Village With a Past, the City With a Future
* Ketchikan – King Salmon Capital of the World
* Knik – Dog-Mushing Center of the World
* Kodiak – King Crab Capital
* Sitka
** First City of Alaska
** The Natural Place to Visit
** The Rock
# Walter Jennings (footballer)

Walter Jennings (20 October 1897 – 15 November 1970) was an English professional footballer who played as a goalkeeper.
# National Security Council (Sri Lanka)

The National Security Council (NSC) of Sri Lanka is the executive body of the Sri Lankan government that is charged with the maintenance of national security with authority to direct the Sri Lankan military and Police.

## History

The National Security Council established in June 1999 by an Gazette notification, by President Chandrika Kumaratunga following the military set backs in Operation Jayasikurui taking over direct control of the military from her cousin General Anuruddha Ratwatte, the deputy defense minister. The NSC came to national attention following the 2019 Sri Lanka Easter bombings, in which Prime Minister Ranil Wickramasinghe claimed that although a member, he was not invited to NSC sessions chaired by President Maithripala Sirisena following the 2018 Sri Lankan constitutional crisis.

## Membership

Structure of the National Security Council :
| Chairperson | President | Anura Kumara Dissanayake |
| Statutory Members | Prime Minister | Harini Amarasuriya |
| Statutory Members | Minister of Defence | Anura Kumara Dissanayake |
| Statutory Members | Secretary to the Ministry of Defence | Air vice-marshal (Retd.) Sampath Thuyacontha |
| Statutory Members | Commander of the Army Commander of the Navy Commander of the Air Force Inspector General of Police | Lieutenant General Lasantha Rodrigo Vice Admiral Kanchana Banagoda Air Marshal Vasu Bandu Edirisinghe Vacant |
| Appointed Members | Personnel appointed by the President Chief of National Intelligence Director, SIS | |
Anura Kumara Dissanayake appointed Cabinet Minister of Law and Order as an Advisor to the President on National Security, which was stylised by media and other government departments as National Security Advisor. However as the title is not a codified or established government position, the advisor is not an ex-officio member of the National Security Council.
# Viengthong Siphandone

Viengthong Siphandone (Lao: ວຽງ​ທອງ ສີ​ພັນ​ດອນ; born ?) is a Laotian politician and member of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party (LPRP). She is the daughter of former LPRP Chairman Khamtai Siphandone and sister of Sonexay Siphandone. She currently serves as President of State Audit Organization.
She was elected to the LPRP Central Committee at the 10th National Congress, and to the LPRP Secretariat at the 11th National Congress.
She is the wife of Khampheng Saysompheng.
# Sina-1

Sina-1 (Persian: سینا ۱) is the first Iranian artificial satellite, launched at 6:52 UTC October 28, 2005 on board a Cosmos-3M Russian launch vehicle from the Plesetsk Cosmodrome. The rocket was also carrying a Russian military Mozhayets-5 satellite, a Chinese China-DMC, a British TopSat, a European Space Agency SSETI Express (Student Space Exploration and Technology Initiative-Express), a Norwegian nCube, a German UWE-1, and a Japanese XI-V. Sina-1's Satellite Catalog Number or USSPACECOM object number is 28893.
In 2003, then-Defense Minister Admiral Ali Shamkhani announced that Iran would launch its first satellite on a locally produced launch vehicle within eighteen months. The plan was to develop a booster based on the Shahab-3 medium-range ballistic missile.
When difficulties arose with indigenous booster development, the Iranian Institute of Applied Research turned to the Omsk-based Russian company Polyot. Polyot provided the launch services aboard the Kosmos-3M rocket and also built the satellite itself. The cost of the satellite was US$15 million.

## The satellite

The Iranian Space Agency had for many years said they were on the verge of sending their first satellite into orbit, finally leading to the launch of Sina-1, a satellite for telecommunications and Earth-imaging research purposes.
The miniaturized 170-kilogram reconnaissance satellite was put into a Sun-synchronous near-polar orbit and will image the surface with a 50 m (pan) with 50 km swath and 250 m resolution of MSS with 500 km swath resolution.

## The future

Iran has plans for the construction of five more Iranian satellites of which three are scheduled to be launched over the next three years. In July 2005, Iran's Deputy Telecom Minister Ahmad Talebzadeh said that Iran's next satellite, Mesbah, is ready for launch.
Mesbah, similar to Sina-1, is a reconnaissance satellite which will be used to monitor natural phenomena on Iran's territory. This satellite will most likely be launched on an indigenous rocket.
Iranian officials were originally going to use the recently cancelled Shahab-4 missile to carry out the process of launching satellites into space. Instead, IRIS, an advanced model of the Ghadr-110 IRBM missile, will be used.
In January 2005, Iran and a Russian firm sealed a $132 million deal to build a telecommunication satellite called Zohreh (Venus). The launch of Zohreh is planned in the next two years.
# 1710 British general election

The 1710 British general election produced a landslide victory for the Tories. The election came in the wake of the prosecution of Henry Sacheverell, which had led to the collapse of the previous government led by Godolphin and the Whig Junto.
In November 1709 the clergyman Henry Sacheverell had delivered a sermon fiercely criticising the government's policy of toleration for Protestant dissenters and attacking the personal conduct of the ministers. The government had Sacheverell impeached, and he was narrowly found guilty but received only a light sentence, making the government appear weak and vindictive. The trial enraged a large section of the population, and riots in London led to attacks on dissenting places of worship and cries of "Church in Danger".
The government's unpopularity was further increased by its enthusiasm for the war with France, as peace talks with the French king Louis XIV had broken down over the government's insistence that the Bourbons hand over the Spanish throne to the Habsburgs. The Tories' policy of pursuing peace appealed to a country worn out by constant war. Queen Anne, disliking the Junto and sensing that the government could not survive long, gradually replaced it with a Tory ministry throughout the summer of 1710.
The election was bitterly contested in almost all the counties and "open" boroughs, even when a poll was not held. Contests occurred in 131 constituencies in England and Wales; approximately half of all English and Welsh constituencies.
The overwhelming Tory victory surprised few, and following the election most remaining Whigs resigned from office. The new government was led by the moderate Tory Robert Harley who was unpopular among the more partisan Tories. Harley's ministry faced increasing pressure from the extremists whose position in Parliament had been enormously strengthened by the result.

## Summary of the constituencies

See 1796 British general election for details. The constituencies used were the same throughout the existence of the Parliament of Great Britain.

## Dates of election

The general election was held between 2 October 1710 and 16 November 1710. At this period elections did not take place at the same time in every constituency. The returning officer in each county or parliamentary borough fixed the precise date (see hustings for details of the conduct of the elections).

## Results
### Seats summary

Parliamentary seats
Tory
63.8%
Whig
36.2% :