OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 1990 Surinamese coup d'état

The 1990 Surinamese coup d'état, usually referred to as the Telephone Coup (Dutch: De Telefooncoup), was a military coup in Suriname on 24 December 1990. The coup was carried out by the acting commander-in-chief of the Suriname National Army (SNL), Police Chief Ivan Graanoogst. As a result of the coup, President Ramsewak Shankar was dismissed from power, and parliament and government were disbanded.

## Background

On 25 February 1980, a military coup d'état occurred in Suriname that was organized by Senior Sergeant Dési Bouterse. Bouterse started to rule Suriname like a dictator, heading the National Military Council (promoting himself to Lieutenant Colonel, the highest rank in the SNL). He dissolved the National Assembly, suspended the constitution, imposed a state of emergency in the country, and created a special tribunal that considered the cases of members of the previous government.
In 1987, Bouterse agreed to reinstate the constitution and hold an election if he remained the head of the SNL. However, in the November 1987 general election, his National Democratic Party received only 3 of 51 seats in the National Assembly, and the opposition received 40. The presidential election, held on 25 January 1988, was won by Ramsewak Shankar, who was disliked by the SNL, and Henck Arron, who was overthrown during the 1980 coup, was appointed prime minister. Tension between the government and the SNL was growing.
On 22 December 1990, Bouterse resigned as commander-in-chief and stated that he could not fulfill the role of a clown who "does not have pride and dignity." He was temporarily succeeded by Graanoogst.

## Coup

On 24 December 1990, around midnight Suriname Time (UTC−03:00), Graanoogst told President Shankar by telephone that he was being deposed and that he and his government "had better stay home." On 27 December, the government was dismissed, the National Assembly was dissolved, and Johan Kraag was appointed as president on 29 December. On 31 December, Bouterse was reappointed as commander-in-chief of the SNL.

## World reactions

The Netherlands reacted negatively to the coup and stopped allocating funds for the development of Suriname. Only after the inauguration of President Ronald Venetiaan in 1991 did relations between Suriname and the Netherlands improve significantly.
Because the international community perceived the coup negatively, the SNL was forced under international pressure to hold the May 1991 general election with the participation of international observers.

## Consequences

Less than a year later, Lieutenant Colonel Bouterse again transferred power to the civilian government, which was again led by the opposition. Since then, Suriname has been governed by coalition government. From 1991 to 1996, the president was Ronald Venetiaan, an opponent of Bouterse. During the 2010 presidential election, Bouterse was elected president.
# Arrow Global

Arrow Global Group is a European fund manager based in Manchester that has a focus on investing in private & public credit, and real estate. It was listed on the London Stock Exchange until it was acquired by TDR Capital in October 2021.

## History

The business was established as a debt funding business by Zach Lewy in 2005. It was the subject of an initial public offering in October 2013.
In April 2015 the company bought Whitestar Asset Solutions and Gesphone - Serviços De Tratamento E Aquisição De Dívidas SA, both Portuguese debt purchasers. In September 2014 it acquired Capquest, another UK debt purchaser.
In May 2016 it bought InVesting BV, a Dutch debt purchaser. In August 2017 it announced the acquisition of Mars Capital's Irish mortgage servicing business. In January 2022 it acquired Maslow Capital, a provider of UK real estate development finance.
in 2020 Arrow Credit Opportunities 1 was launched with total capital commitments of €1.7 billion.
In October 2021, the company was acquired by TDR Capital.

## Operations

As of 2017, the company had some 9 million customers.
# Knapp Creek (Iowa)

Knapp Creek is a stream in the U.S. state of Iowa. It is a tributary to the Iowa River.
Knapp Creek most likely was named after a pioneer settler with the surname Knapp.
# 1991 Paraguayan Constitutional Assembly election

Constitutional Assembly elections were held in Paraguay on 1 December 1991. The result was a victory for the Colorado Party, which won 122 of the 198 seats. Voter turnout was 51.7%.
Following the elections, a new constitution was promulgated in 1992. It reintroduced the position of Vice President and allowed for the President to be elected by a plurality of the vote. It also limited the President to a single five-year term, with no possibility of re-election even if the incumbent had only served a partial term. This provision meant that incumbent Andrés Rodríguez would have had to leave office in 1993 even without his promise to not run for a full term.

## Electoral system

The 198 members of the Constituent Assembly were elected by closed list proportional representation with seats allocated using the D'Hondt method at two levels:
* 140 members from a national list
* 58 members from 16 multi-member constituencies of between two and nine seats corresponding to the Departments of Paraguay (except for the three Departments of the Chaco region, which were grouped into one district) and the Capital District

## Results

| Party | Party | Votes | % | Seats |
| | Colorado Party | 409,730 | 55.1 | 122 |
| | Authentic Radical Liberal Party | 201,040 | 27.0 | 55 |
| | Constitution for All | 81,860 | 11.0 | 19 |
| | Revolutionary Febrerista Party | 9,094 | 1.2 | 1 |
| | Christian Democratic Party | 6,548 | 0.9 | 1 |
| | Workers' Party | | 0.6 | 0 |
| | Paraguayan Humanist Party | | 0.5 | 0 |
| | People, Nation and Solidarity | | 0.1 | 0 |
| Total | Total | | | 198 |
| Total votes | Total votes | 743,546 | – | |
| Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | 1,438,543 | 51.69 | |
| Source: Nohlen, TSJE |||||
# GWR 4073 Class 7027 Thornbury Castle

7027 Thornbury Castle is a steam locomotive of the GWR 'Castle' Class, built in August 1949. Its first shed allocation was Plymouth Laira. Its March 1959 shed allocation was Old Oak Common. Its last shed allocation was Reading. It was withdrawn in December 1963 and arrived at Woodham Brothers scrapyard in Barry, South Wales in May 1964. Stored at various locations for 50+ years, the locomotive has now been broken up with the boiler to be used for a 47XX freight locomotive.

## Preservation

7027 was sold to the then Birmingham Railway Museum and left as the 23rd departure from Barry in August 1972. After being purchased by Pete Waterman's Transport Trust, she was stored outside the Crewe Heritage Centre in her Barry scrapyard condition. Some parts of 7027 are currently in use on elder sibling 5043 Earl of Mount Edgcumbe and one set of name and number plates for 7027 are mounted on a wall of the main hall of The Castle School in Thornbury, South Gloucestershire. Following the removal of Waterman's railway equipment from the former LNWR site in 2016, she was moved to Peak Rail in April 2016.
In July 2016, 7027 was purchased from the Waterman Trust for an undisclosed sum by Jon Jones-Pratt, owner of 4936 Kinlet Hall and the revived Crosville Motor Services, who planned to restore the engine to full mainline standards. Restoration started at the Crosville depot in Weston-super-Mare. In February 2018, agreement was reached between the West Somerset Railway and Jones-Pratt for Thornbury Castle to be moved to Williton, to be restored there over a six-year period. In January 2020 7027 was sold by Jones-Pratt to a private individual who intended to restore the engine for use at the Great Central Railway. The engine was planned not be mainline certified on completion.
An April 2020 report stated that restoration had started; the project was headed up by the chief mechanical engineer of Great Central Railway, Craig Stinchcombe. Reports and photographs posted in 2022 indicated that restoration was well underway.
In August 2022, the future restoration of Thornbury Castle was called into question when the Great Western Society's 4709 Group bought the locomotive with the intention of donating the boiler to its project to re-create a GWR 4700 Class. Thornbury Castle's chassis and other components were to be used to recreate a GWR Star class locomotive, and eventually rebuilding it back into Thornbury Castle when a No. 7 or No. 8 boiler was available in the future. However, in September 2022, those plans were cancelled. The GWS said that Thornbury Castle could be rebuilt in its own right if someone buys the spare parts.
In May 2023 The Railway Magazine reported that the use of the Castle's boiler for the Night Owl project had been confirmed in an announcement on 24 April by Richard Croucher of the 4709 Group. As a result the magazine reported savings of £500,000 would be made by the project and it would see a time saving of five years.
# Bright Edward Kodzo Demordzi

Bright Edward Kodzo Demordzi (born 18 December 1972) is a Ghanaian politician and member of the Sixth Parliament of the Fourth Republic of Ghana representing the Bortianor/Ngleshie/Amanfro (new) Constituency in the Greater Accra Region on the ticket of the National Democratic Congress.

## Personal life

Demordzi is a Christian (Overcomers Praise Assembly International). He is married with three children.

## Early life and education

Demordzi was born on 18 December 1972. He hails from Anloga, a town in the Volta Region of Ghana. He entered Ghana Institute of Management and Public Administration and obtained his Master of Business Administration degree's in Marketing in 2009. He also attended Chartered Institute of Marketing (CIM UK) and obtained his professional postgraduate diploma in 2009.

## Politics

Demordzi is a member of the National Democratic Congress (NDC). In 2012, he contested for the Bortianor/Ngleshie/Amanfro (new) seat on the ticket of the NDC sixth parliament of the fourth republic and won.

## Employment

* Commercial Manager, Yara (Ghana), Limited, Airport - Accra
* PR/journalist/sdvertiser/marketer
# Thomastown railway station

Thomastown Railway Station serves the town of Thomastown in County Kilkenny, Ireland.
It is a station on the Dublin to Waterford Intercity route.

## History

The station opened on 12 May 1848 upon the opening of the Waterford and Kilkenny Railway.

## Facilities

Unlike most other railway stations on the network, there is no ticket office however tickets can still be purchased at a digital kiosk.
There is a disused low platform and signal box across the track. The track was removed from it in 2004 when mini-CTC signalling was installed.

## Services

The current Monday to Saturday service pattern is:
* 7 trains per day to Waterford
* 7 trains per day to Dublin Heuston
On Sundays, the service pattern is:
* 4 trains per day to Waterford
* 4 trains per day to Dublin Heuston
| Preceding station | Iarnród Éireann | Iarnród Éireann | Iarnród Éireann | Following station |
| Kilkenny MacDonagh | | InterCity Dublin-Waterford railway line | | Waterford Plunkett |

## Gallery

* Thomastown in 1985.
* The station today. Note that only one platform remains in use.
# Giuseppe Tavormina

Giuseppe Tavormina (10 June 1929 – 19 June 2017) was an Italian General officer of the Arma dei Carabinieri and former head of the DIA and of CESIS.

## Biography

Giuseppe Tavormina attended the Military Academy of Modena where he graduated as second lieutenant of the Arma dei Carabinieri. He studied Law at the University of Rome. He was appointed commander of the Carabinieri station of Cagliari, subsequently colonel, head of the Carabinieri cadet school and finally of the local nucleous of Turin. Promoted as brigade general, he was appointed as Chief of Staff of the Arma dei Carabinieri and remained in charge from July 1987 to July 1989.
In January 1991 he became divisional general of the Carabinieri's military body "Podgora". In October 1991 Tavormina was charged central manager of the Direzione Investigativa Antimafia. From April 1993 to July 1994, he covered the role of head of the Comitato esecutivo per i servizi di informazione e sicurezza
After having been consultant of the Italian Court of Audit, in June 1998 he became consultant of the political and juridical question for the then Minister of Economics Carlo Azeglio Ciampi and lastly consultant of the President of Italy, from 1999 to 2006.
On 21 July 2000 he was decorated with the Silver Cross of Merit of the Italian Army and, on 1 October 2001, as Knight Grand Cross Order of Merit of the Italian Republic.
Tavormina died on 19 June 2017. He was buried in his hometown of Ribera.
# Ryd, Linköping

Ryd is a city district in Linköping, Sweden, best known for housing the bulk of the Linköping University (Linköpings Universitet, LiU) student body. They live in houses specifically assigned to LiU's students. Many of these homes are in the form of corridor rooms, where students have their own bedroom with an en-suite bathroom but a shared kitchen. The architecture of Ryd is typical of the Million Programme housing project of 1965–1974, one exception being the manor-like Ryds Herrgård (a.k.a. Herrgår'n or simply HG) which serves as a student pub/club.
It also had offices of Studentbostäder & Stångåstaden, where studentbostäder mainly helps the students for giving accommodation and Vårdcentralen (Medical Clinic). Ryd also has Rydcentrum, a retail space that includes Hemköp, where people can buy their household (food items), a pharmacy, a bicycle and key shop, a florist, a bakery, a small pizzeria outlet and a Chinese - Thai restaurant. Ryd also has a bus connection, where people can go to the Resecentrum (travel centre). Residents of Ryd are often heard speaking of Student Ryd (Swedish Studentryd) and the predominantly non-student Human Ryd (Människoryd) as two separate areas of the district. In 2012, 33% of the inhabitants of Ryd were born outside of Sweden.
There are two primary rental agencies that provide accommodations in Ryd. Stångåstaden requires applicants to register into a queue and accrue points in order to apply for rentals outside the student area. People who have not accrued enough point will not have the opportunity to get an apartment. Victoria Park rents accommodations in the southeast region of Ryd, and does not require queueing for points. Rents for comparable units are typically higher when renting from Victoria Park than from Stångåstaden, but because no point accrual is required it can be the only option for someone desiring to live in Ryd.
# Lacey Branch (Lanes Creek tributary)

Lacey Branch is a 6.08 mi (9.78 km) long 1st order tributary to Lanes Creek in Anson County, North Carolina.

## Course

Lacey Branch rises in a pond about 1 mile northeast of Marshville, North Carolina in Union County. Lacey Branch then flows east-southeast into Anson County to meet Lanes Creek on the northwest side of Peachland.

## Watershed

Lacey Branch drains 4.25 square miles (11.0 km$^2$) of area, receives about 48.1 in/year of precipitation, has a topographic wetness index of 430.41 and is about 39% forested.
# Tenerian culture

The Tenerian culture is a prehistoric industry that existed between the 5th millennium BC and mid-3rd millennium BC in the Sahara Desert. This spans the Neolithic Subpluvial and later desiccation, during the middle Holocene.
French archaeologist M.Reygasse first used the term Tenerian in 1934 with subsequent scholars producing a clearer definition. The Missions Berliet to the Aïr Mountains (Aïr Massif) in northern Niger produced the clearest definition prior to J. Desmond Clark's expedition to Adrar Bous in early 1970, the results of which were published in November 2008.
Human remains belonging to the Tenerian culture were first found at Adrar Bous in the Aïr Mountains. Other Tenerian specimens were also discovered at Gobero, located in Niger in the Ténéré desert. This region was lush at the time, and Tenerians were specialized cattle herders who also occasionally fished and hunted.

## Discoveries at Gobero

Gobero was discovered in 2000 during an archaeological expedition led by Paul Sereno, which sought dinosaur remains. Two distinct prehistoric cultures were discovered at the site: the early Holocene Kiffian culture, and the middle Holocene Tenerian culture. The Kiffians were a prehistoric people who preceded the Tenerians and vanished approximately 8000 years ago, when the desert became very dry. The desiccation lasted until around 4600 BC, the period to when the earliest artifacts associated with the Tenerians have been dated. Some 200 skeletons have been discovered at Gobero, Niger.
The Tenerians were considerably shorter in height and less robust than the earlier peoples associated with Kiffian culture. Craniometric analysis also indicates that they were osteologically distinct. The Kiffian skulls are akin to those of the Late Pleistocene Iberomaurusians, early Holocene Capsians, and mid-Holocene Mechta groups, whereas the Tenerian crania are more like those of Mediterranean groups.
Graves show that the Tenerians observed spiritual traditions, as they were buried with artifacts such as jewelry made of hippo tusks and clay pots. The most interesting find is a triple burial of an adult female and two children, dated to 5300 years ago. The fossil has been estimated through their teeth as being five and eight years old, hugging each other. Pollen residue indicates they were buried on a bed of flowers. The three are assumed to have died within 24 hours of each other, but as their skeletons hold no apparent trauma (they did not die violently) and they have been buried so elaborately - unlikely if they had died of a plague - the cause of their deaths is a mystery.

## Language

Tenerians may have been Nilo-Saharan speakers who descended from the Kiffians, or been proto-Afroasiatic speakers.

## Decline

Approximately 4500 years ago, the region became dry again. The Tenerian culture vanished, with its makers possibly seeking new pasturage elsewhere.
# November 1994 Uruguayan referendum

A double constitutional referendum was held in Uruguay on 27 November 1994 alongside general elections. Voters were asked two questions; whether they approved of two initiatives, one on preventing cuts in pension payments, and one on the proportion of the state budget spent on education. The first question was approved, whilst the second was rejected.

## Initiatives
### Pension cuts

The pension cuts referendum was initiated by the Association of Retirees through collecting signatures equal to one-tenth of the number of registered voters.

### Education budget

The referendum on reserving 27% of the state budget for education was initiated by the Teachers Union by collecting the required number signatures. It would involve amending articles 214, 215 and 220 of the constitution.

## Results
### Pension cuts

| Choice | Votes | % |
| For | 1,540,462 | 72.30 |
| Against | 590,156 | 27.70 |
| Total | 2,130,618 | 100 |
| Registered voters/turnout | 2,328,478 | 91.50 |
| Source: Direct Democracy |||

### Education budget

| Choice | Votes | % |
| For | 694,351 | 32.58 |
| Against | 1,436,267 | 67.42 |
| Total | 2,130,618 | 100 |
| Registered voters/turnout | 2,328,478 | 91.50 |
| Source: Direct Democracy |||
# Gary Sandy

Gary Sandy (born December 25, 1945) is an American actor. He is best known for playing program director Andy Travis on the television sitcom WKRP in Cincinnati (1978–1982).

## Early life and education

Sandy was born in Dayton, Ohio, the son of Austin and Dolores Sandy. He attended Fairmont High School in Kettering, Ohio, and lived in Moraine, Ohio. He later attended Wilmington College in Wilmington, Ohio, and the American Academy of Dramatic Arts in New York City.

## Television

Sandy's early TV career included appearances on several soap operas in the early 1970s, and a number of appearances as a guest on shows including Medical Center, Barnaby Jones, Chips, and Starsky & Hutch.
Sandy's most notable role was as Andy Travis, the new program director at a struggling radio station on the CBS sitcom WKRP in Cincinnati. The idea for the show was based on the real experiences of several people who had worked in the industry, including creator Hugh Wilson.

## Theater

In 1982, he replaced Kevin Kline as The Pirate King on Broadway in The Pirates of Penzance. In 1986, he replaced Tony Roberts as Mortimer Brewster in the fiftieth anniversary production of Arsenic and Old Lace opposite Jean Stapleton, Marion Ross, Larry Storch, and Jonathan Frid, and continued the role in the North American tour. In 1992, he played Billy Flynn in the Los Angeles production of Chicago alongside Juliet Prowse and Bebe Neuwirth. Beginning in 2001, he starred opposite Ann-Margret in a stage production of The Best Little Whorehouse in Texas, which toured for two years.
He continues to perform in regional theater and has performed such roles as Elliot Garfield in The Goodbye Girl and Mike Hammer. He has said that it bothers him being known for a '70s TV show.
# Jin Yongde

Jin Yongde (born 14 February 1986) is a Chinese sport shooter. In 2014 he won the 25 m center fire pistol team event at the Asian Games.
# Pentagnostus

Pentagnostus is a genus of trilobites restricted to the Middle Cambrian. Its remains have been found in Siberia, Australia, North America, Scandinavia, and Kazakhstan.

## Taxonomy

The probable ancestor of Pentagnostus is Archaeagnostus. Two subgenera can be distinguished. The nominate subgenus occurred first and developed into the later subgenus Pentagnostus (Meragnostus) and the family Ptychagnostidae.

## Species and distribution
### Subgenus Pentagnostus (Pentagnostus)

* P. anabarensis Lermontova, 1940 (type)
* P. ademptus (Prokovskaya and Jegorova, 1972)
* P. brighamensis (Resser, 1938)
* P. shergouldi Laurie, 2004
* P. veles Öpik, 1979 synonym P. endemicus.

### Subgenus Pentagnostus (Meragnostus)

* P. bonnerensis (Resser, 1939) (type) synonyms P. admirabilis and Agnostus lautus.
* P. bulkurensis (Prokovskaya and Pregel, 1982)
* P. remotus (Prokovskaya and Jegorova, 1969)
* P. segmentus (Robison, 1964)
* P. shabactensis Ergaliev, 2008 synonym Peronopsis ultima Ergaliev, 1980 non Poulsen 1960.
# Tarkhan Idigov

Tarkhan Idigov is a Russian boxer. He competed at the 2024 European Amateur Boxing Championships, winning the gold medal in the welterweight event.
# List of association football clubs named Rangers

Rangers is a common association football club name.

## Andorran team

* FC Rànger's

## Australian teams

* Balgownie Rangers FC
* Mt Druitt Town Rangers FC

## Chilean team

* Rangers de Talca

## English teams

* Concord Rangers F.C.
* Cullompton Rangers F.C.
* Deeping Rangers F.C.
* Hall Road Rangers F.C.
* Hertfordshire Rangers F.C.
* Highfield Rangers F.C.
* Kintbury Rangers F.C.
* Northampton Sileby Rangers F.C.
* Paget Rangers F.C.
* Queens Park Rangers F.C.
* Risborough Rangers F.C.
* Smethwick Rangers F.C.
* Soham Town Rangers F.C.
* St Francis Rangers F.C.
* Stafford Rangers F.C.
* Thurnby Rangers F.C.
* Winterton Rangers F.C.
* Central Park Rangers

## Hong Kong teams

* Hong Kong Rangers FC

## Kenyan team

* Posta Rangers F.C.

## New Zealand teams

* Rangers A.F.C.
* Miramar Rangers

## Nigerian team

* Enugu Rangers

## Northern Irish teams

* Ards Rangers F.C.
* Ballymacash Rangers F.C.
* Bangor Rangers F.C.
* Bryansburn Rangers F.C.
* Carrick Rangers F.C.
* Glebe Rangers F.C.
* Killymoon Rangers F.C.
* Lisburn Rangers F.C.
* Newington Rangers F.C.
* Rathfern Rangers F.C.
* Rathfriland Rangers F.C.

## Scottish teams

* Arniston Rangers F.C.
* Berwick Rangers F.C.
* Brora Rangers F.C.
* Cambuslang Rangers F.C.
* Cove Rangers F.C.
* Cowdenbeath Rangers F.C.
* Kilsyth Rangers F.C.
* Kilwinning Rangers F.C.
* Rangers F.C.
* Rangers Ladies F.C.

## Sierra Leonean team

* Kakua Rangers F.C.

## Welsh teams

* Bargod Rangers A.F.C.
* Penrhiwceiber Rangers F.C.