OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Giovanni Donzelli

Giovanni Donzelli (born 28 November 1975) is an Italian politician of Brothers of Italy serving as member of the Chamber of Deputies. He was first elected in the 2018 general election and was re-elected in 2022.

## Career

Donzelli was born in Florence in 1975. His parents were left-wing and his father was a member of the Italian Socialist Party. In his youth he was influenced by the massacres committed by the Mafia and the Mani pulite scandal, as well as the funerals of Giovanni Falcone and Paolo Borsellino. At the age of 19 in 1994, he joined the Italian Social Movement's National Action University Front while studying literature at the University of Florence, and later switched to the faculty of agriculture. He was later a member of Youth Action, where he was part of the Protagonist Right faction, and in 1997 he was elected to the university's students' representative council.
In 1999, Donzelli met Giorgia Meloni and Francesco Lollobrigida for the first time, while distributing leaflets outside a high school in Florence. He met his wife on 11 May 2003, when he stood in for Meloni at a debate in Abruzzo. At Youth Action's congress in Viterbo in 2004, he was a leading supporter of Meloni's leadership bid against Carlo Fidanza, who was supported by Gianfranco Fini and Gianni Alemanno. In the 2004 local elections, Donzelli was elected city councillor of Florence for the National Alliance. In 2005, he was elected president of the party's university wing University Action. He was re-elected as city councillor of Florence in 2009, representing The People of Freedom, and in the 2010 Tuscan regional election he was elected to the Regional Council of Tuscany. In 2012 he resigned as president of University Action, and appointed Andrea Volpi as coordinator pro tempore.
In 2012, Donzelli was one of the founders of Brothers of Italy. He was the lead candidate of the party in the 2015 Tuscan regional election, and was re-elected to the regional council. He was elected to the Chamber of Deputies in the 2018 general election, and was a member of the constitutional affairs committee, the EU affairs committee and the inquiry committee on Il Forteto. He was re-elected in the 2022 general election, and became secretary of the chamber, vice president of COPASIR, organizational manager of Brothers of Italy, leader of the party in Rome, and a speculated candidate for the post of Minister for Parliamentary Relations.
# Beat Surrender

"Beat Surrender" was the Jam's final single, and was released on 22 November 1982. It became the band's fourth and last No. 1 hit in the UK Singles Chart for two weeks in December 1982.

## Title

The song's title was a play on words combining the title of the 1979 Anita Ward disco single "Sweet Surrender", with the British traditional military term of "Beating Retreat", signalling a withdrawal.

## Background

Paul Weller wrote the song to mark the end of the group, which he disbanded shortly after the single's release. "I wanted it to be a statement, a final clarion call saying: Right, we're stopping, you take it on from here."
For bassist Bruce Foxton, the single's commercial success made the breakup more discouraging: "That was our fourth Number One. It was very emotional for myself and I can't talk for Rick [Buckler] but I’d imagine... he didn't want the band to split up. We were thinking 'Why are we going to split up?' We were Number One in the single and album chart at the time. I've only just got over it!"

## Release format

The 7" was backed by the B-side "Shopping". A double 7" and 12" single version was available with additional studio cover versions of The Chi-Lites' "Stoned Out of My Mind", Curtis Mayfield's "Move on Up", and Edwin Starr's "War".
"Beat Surrender" was not included on any of the band's six studio albums. In the U.S., it appeared on the five-track EP, Beat Surrender (Polydor 810751), which peaked at No. 171 on the Billboard 200 album chart in April 1983.

## Cover art

The sleeve for the single, including the 12" and the double single pack, featured Gill Price, Weller's girlfriend at the time.

## Performances

"Beat Surrender" was previewed live on the first episode of The Tube, on 5 November 1982.

## Musicians

* Paul Weller – guitar, lead vocals
* Bruce Foxton – bass, backing vocals
* Rick Buckler – drums
* Tracie Young – backing vocals
* Peter Wilson – piano
* Martin Drover – trumpet
* Paul Cosh – trumpet
# Stoneham High School

Stoneham High School is a comprehensive, four-year public school located in Stoneham, Massachusetts. It is accredited by the New England Association of Schools and Colleges. As members of the Middlesex League, Stoneham High School student-athletes compete in 20 varsity sports.

## Academics

Seven classes are scheduled with six blocks meeting each day; periods are 57 minutes long. The Superintendent of Stoneham Schools is John Macero. The assistant principal is Craig Murray. SHS offers Advanced Placement Program courses in French, Spanish, Italian, Biology, History, Chemistry, Studio Art, Physics, Calculus and Psychology, English.

## Athletics

Stoneham is a member of the Massachusetts Interscholastic Athletic Association and the Middlesex League.
Sports:
* Fall
** Boys and Girls Cross Country
** Boys and Girls Swimming
** Golf
** Field Hockey
** Football
** Girls Volleyball
** Boy and Girls Soccer
** Cheerleading
* Winter
** Boys and Girls Indoor Track
** Boys and Girls Basketball
** Boys Hockey
** Girls Gymnastics
* Spring
** Boys and Girls Outdoor Track
** Baseball
** Boys and Girls Tennis
** Softball
** Lacrosse

## Performing arts

The Drama Club, puts on three productions each year; one in the fall, a 40-minute piece in the winter (which they bring to the Massachusetts High School Drama Guild One-Act Festival), and a musical in the spring. The drama club is completely student run, only having faculty/adult supervision and direction.
They went to the state finals in March–April 2014 for their adaptation of the stage version of Spring Awakening. They also attended state finals again in March–April 2017 for their adaptation of "Kindertransport".
The Drama Club also made it to the semi-finals round in 2019 with their performance of The Yellow Boat.

## Demographics

The racial makeup of Stoneham High School is: 77.6% White, 11.1% Hispanic, 6.3% Asian, and 2.2% Black.

## Notable alumni

* Glenn Adamson: curator, author, and art historian
* Peter Adamson: professor of philosophy
* Quincy Brisco: comedian and media personality
* Mario Cantone: comedian and actor
* Sandro Corsaro: American animator and author
* Charles Gibbons: Speaker of the Massachusetts House of Representatives and 1958 candidate for governor
* Josh Gondelman: actor, comedy writer, and stand-up comedian
* George J. Hall: U.S. Army soldier and Medal of Honor recipient in World War II
* Chris J. Johnson: actor
* Nancy Kerrigan: two-time Olympic figure skating medalist
* Killer Kowalski: professional wrestler
* Hideo Mabuchi: physicist and Professor of Applied Physics
* Joe McLaughlin: linebacker for the Green Bay Packers and New York Giants
* Bill Peirce: Libertarian candidate for Governor of Ohio in 2006.
* Joe Vitiello: Major League Baseball player from 1995 to 2003
* Steve Yarbrough: novelist
# Ginanggang

Ginanggang, guinanggang, or ginang-gang (Cebuano pronunciation:) is a snack food of grilled skewered bananas brushed with margarine and sprinkled with sugar. It originates from the island of Mindanao in the Philippines. It literally means "grilled" in Cebuano.
Ginanggang is made from a type of banana in the Philippines called saba (a cooking banana also known as the Cardaba banana). The banana is peeled, skewered and then grilled over charcoals. When the outer surface is lightly charred, it is then taken off the grill, brushed with margarine, and sprinkled with sugar. It differs from banana cue in that riper saba bananas are preferred; the banana is actually grilled on the stick instead of being fried and skewered later, and the sugar used is white table sugar and is not caramelized (being applied after cooking).
A "Ginanggang Festival" is celebrated in honor of San Isidro Labrador every 2nd Sunday of May in Baranggay Poblacion, Tubod, Lanao del Norte.
# Formosa Airlines Flight 7601

Formosa Airlines Flight 7601 was an aviation accident that killed 16 people on 10 August 1997 in Beigan, Matsu Islands, Fujian, Republic of China.

## Accident

Formosa Airlines Flight 7601, a Dornier 228 took off from Taipei Sungshan Airport at 07:37 local time with 14 passengers and two pilots on board for a flight to Matsu Beigan Airport. Rain and high winds caused the plane to miss its first approach to Matsu Beigan Airport. During its go around, the pilot turned right instead of left. The aircraft crashed and caught fire after it struck a military water tower approximately one kilometer from the airport. All 16 passengers and crew on board were killed.
Shortly after the crash, a local weather official tried to commit suicide. The Director of the Civil Aeronautics Administration, Tsai Tui, said the suicide attempt stemmed from public outcry over the crash.
# Milano (album)

Professional ratings :
| Aggregate scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Metacritic | 77/100 |
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| And It Don't Stop | A− |
| DIY | |
| The Line of Best Fit | 8/10 |
| Pitchfork | 7.5/10 |
| Tom Hull – on the Web | B+ |
Milano is a collaborative studio album by Italian composer Daniele Luppi and American rock band Parquet Courts. Produced by Luppi, it was released on October 27, 2017 on 30th Century Records and Columbia Records, and features several lead vocal contributions from Yeah Yeah Yeahs' singer Karen O.
It is a concept album, complete with songs that are fictionalized stories about misfits, fashionistas, outcasts and junkies in mid-1980s Milan. Daniele teamed up with Parquet Courts and Yeah Yeah Yeahs vocalist Karen O to help deliver his vision of an emerging youth culture struggling to be heard amidst the rapid gentrification of old Milan. The song "Soul and Cigarette" is a tribute to Milanese poet Alda Merini.

## Critical reception

Reviewing in his "Consumer Guide" column, Robert Christgau regarded the album as a minor work dominated by Andrew Savage's "clever" lyrics and vocal performance.
| Publication | Accolade | Year | Rank | Ref. |
| Rough Trade | Albums of the Year | 2017 | 16 | |

## Track listing

All tracks are written by Daniele Luppi and Parquet Courts
# Battle of Mankulam

The Battle of Mankulam was fought from 14 November 1990 in Mankulam, Sri Lanka. The Sri Lankan military camp at Mankulam was put to siege by the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) for several days before they captured it.
# Francisco González (footballer, born 2001)

Francisco Agustín González (born 6 April 2001) is an Argentine professional footballer who plays as a left winger for Defensa y Justicia.

## Club career

González was produced by the Newell's Old Boys youth system, having also played for Malvinas Argentinas and Sportivo Unión Ordóñez at youth level. It was manager Héctor Bidoglio who promoted the forward into the club's senior set-up, as he was selected to start a Copa de la Superliga first round fixture with Gimnasia y Esgrima on 21 April 2019; he played sixty-nine minutes of a second leg home defeat as they were eliminated on aggregate.
In January 2025, González signed for Defensa y Justicia.

## International career

From 2018, González received call-ups from the Argentina U20s; including for friendlies in Murcia, Spain in 2019. He was selected to return to Spain with the Argentina U18s in July 2019, as he made the twenty-two man list for the L'Alcúdia International Tournament. He scored on his fourth competition appearance, netting in a five-goal victory over Bahrain on 6 August.

## Career statistics

    As of 7 August 2019.
Appearances and goals by club, season and competition :
| Club | Season | League | League | League | Cup | Cup | League Cup | League Cup | Continental | Continental | Other | Other | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Newell's Old Boys | 2018–19 | Primera División | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | — | — | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Newell's Old Boys | 2019–20 | Primera División | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | — | — | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
# Dębiec, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship

Dębiec is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Janowiec Wielkopolski, within Żnin County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland.
# Mary Cary Ambler

Mary Cary Ambler (1732 – May 1781) was an early American diarist. Her 1770 diary provides an early account of smallpox inoculation in colonial America.
Mary Cary was the daughter of Colonel Wilson Cary (1702-1772), owner of the plantation Ceelys on the James in Elizabeth City County, Virginia, and his wife Sarah (1710-1783). In 1754, eighteen-year-old Mary Cary married Edward Ambler (1733-1768), the son of wealthy merchant Richard Ambler (1690-1766) and heiress Elizabeth Jaquelin. Edward Ambler was a graduate of Cambridge University who was six feet tall and fond of wearing red velvet suits trimmed with gold lace.
They had seven children, three of whom lived to adulthood:
* Elizabeth Ambler (1754-1756)
* Richard Ambler (1756-1759)
* Edward Ambler (1758-1782)
* Sarah Ambler Macon (1760-1782)
* Colonel John Ambler (1762-1836)
* Mary Ambler (1764-1768)
* Martha Ambler (1764-1768)
Edward Ambler inherited the Yorktown property of his father in 1766 and the couple lived there. When his brother John Ambler died later that year, Edward Ambler also inherited his father's property on Jamestown Island from his brother. The couple moved to Jamestown, preferring the natural and historical setting. Edward Ambler died "after a tedious illness" in 1768.
In 1770 took her children Sarah and John on a three month journey to Baltimore, Maryland in order to get them inoculated against smallpox, a frequent and lethal disease of the time, by a "Dr.Stephenson", presumably John Stevenson. The process was lengthy and expensive. In her diary, Ambler wrote about the process, the details of their meals and travel, and her appreciation for her Baltimore landlady's library, especially Sermons to Young Women.
During the American Revolutionary War, Ambler decamped further inland for Hanford County, Virginia, renting her Jamestown property to a Captain Edward Travis. She died there in 1781 and was buried in Jamestown at her request.
Mary Cary is sometimes said to have been a love interest of a young George Washington, but this is due to confusion with her elder sister, Sally Fairfax.
# Alwande Roaldsøy

Alwande Benedict Roaldsøy (born 9 June 2004) is a Norwegian footballer who plays as a midfielder for HamKam, on loan from Molde.

## Early life

Roaldsøy was born to a South African mother and a Norwegian father.

## Career

Roaldsøy played for Italian side Atalanta U23.
On 11 January 2024, Molde announced the signing of Roaldsøy from Atalanta to a three-year contract, with Atalanta stating the move would happen on 31 January 2024 when the Norwegian transfer window opened.
# Plebanka, Gmina Waganiec

Plebanka is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Waganiec, within Aleksandrów County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. It lies 3 kilometres (2 mi) south-east of Waganiec, 15 km (9 mi) south-east of Aleksandrów Kujawski, and 32 km (20 mi) south-east of Toruń.
# Martin's Close

"Martin's Close" is a ghost story by British writer M. R. James, included in his 1911 collection More Ghost Stories of an Antiquary.

## Plot summary

The story is presented as a report of a trial in the year 1684, before Judge Jeffreys. Squire George Martin has been accused of murdering a young girl named Ann Clark, with whom he had a one-sided romance. The prosecution presents the case that Martin murdered Ann Clark, because she ruined a good marriage proposal for him. During the trial, an event is described in which Martin acted in a guilty manner when confronted with a possible apparition of the girl. In the end, Martin is found guilty of the crime, despite his attempt to have the case dismissed on a legal technicality, and is sentenced to death.

## Adaptations

A version of the story, Martin's Close, adapted by Mark Gatiss, was broadcast on 24 December 2019 on BBC Four as part of the long-running A Ghost Story for Christmas series. It stars Peter Capaldi, Elliot Levey, Wilf Scolding, Sara Crowe, James Holmes, Jessica Temple, Simon Williams, Fisayo Akinade, and Ian Hallard.
# Francis Kiddle

Francis Edgar Kiddle (1942 – 21 October 2015) was a British philatelist who achieved an international reputation in the field of philatelic literature and cinderella philately.

## Philately

Kiddle became a Council Member of the Royal Philatelic Society London in 1977 and was given the post of Honorary Librarian in 1979, serving in the role until 1994. He was then elected as the President of the society for the next two years. In 1995 he was asked to sign the Roll of Distinguished Philatelists
He was also an FIP (Federation Internationale de Philatelie) accredited judge and Chairman of the FIP Revenue Commission. Kiddle was also Chairman of the Trustees of the British Philatelic Trust.
From 2005 he was the Curator of the Perkins Bacon Archive for the Royal Philatelic Society London. In 2006 he was awarded the Smithsonian Philatelic Achievement Award.
Until his death, he and his brother Charles wrote a monthly article on cinderella stamps for Stamp Magazine.

## Outside philately

Francis Kiddle worked in the space industry retiring in 1997 as Assistant Director of Space Technology Research, UK, at the Defence Evaluation and Research Agency.
He died on 21 October 2015 of lung cancer, aged 73. He was married to Máire and had two sons, John and Alan. He had two grand children Olivia and Edward.

## Awards and honours

* Roll of Distinguished Philatelists 1995.
* Royal Mail Lifetime Achievement Award 2001.
* Smithsonian Philatelic Achievement Award 2006
* Roll of Distinguished Cinderella Philatelists 2006.
* Lichtenstein Medal 2012.
# Amalie J. Hathaway

Amalie Louise John Hathaway (born Amalie Louise John; 1839 – December 26, 1881) was a German-American philosopher and lecturer. She was a contributor to the pessimism controversy in Germany.

## Life and career

Amalie Louise John was born in 1839 in Mühlhausen, Saxony, then part of the Kingdom of Prussia. When she was 12 years old, her father, Karl John, moved the family to Wisconsin, eventually settling in Mendota, Illinois. From the age of 15, she ran a country school as a source of income.
Shortly after the University of Michigan first admitted women in 1870, Hathaway enrolled as a non-degree student in mathematics, languages, and philosophy. She pursued studies from 1870 to 1871 and 1872 to 1875. Hathaway was introduced to philosophy by the lecturer Benjamin Cocker who brought to her attention the works of German metaphysicians and philosophers, including Kant, Hegel, Schopenhauer and Von Hartmann, who she could read and understand in their original language.
While pursuing her studies, she met Benjamin Hathaway, a self-taught poet, horticulturalist and nurseryman, who later became her husband. The couple regularly attended The Philosophical Society of Chicago, where Hathaway's contributions lead to her being invited to deliver her own lecture.
Hathaway's one publication "Schopenhauer", an 18-page paper published in Education, was based on a lecture delivered before the Concord School of Philosophy, which was reported on by The New York Times. The lecture received positive press coverage elsewhere, with Hathaway described as "probably by far the best grounded in philosophy among American women" by the Republican. Her other unpublished papers were "Immanuel Kant", "The Hegelian Philosophy", "Hartmann", "Pessimism and the Hegelian Philosophy" and "Mental Automatism".
Hathaway died suddenly at her home in Prairie Ronde Township, Michigan, on December 26, 1881, at the age of 41 (or 42).

## Legacy

Hathaway has been described as a "new lost woman philosopher", having been barely given any attention by the "feminist philosophical recovery movement". She has also been described as an unrecognised contributor to the German pessimism controversy. Additionally, Hathaway has been compared to Agnes Taubert and Olga Plümacher, contemporary women philosophers who also contributed to the controversy.
An article on Hathaway, by Carol Bensick, was included in the Oxford Handbook of American and British Women Philosophers in the Nineteenth Century.

## Publications

* "Schopenhauer". Education. 2: 234–252. September 1881 – July 1882.
# Arthur Defensor Jr.

Arthur "Toto" Rivera Defensor Jr. (born October 8, 1969) is a Filipino politician who served as the 32nd Governor of Iloilo since 2019. He is formerly as the member of the 15th, 16th and 17th Congress of House of Representatives of the Philippines for 3rd District from 2010 to 2019.
Defensor Jr. is the son of the former governor and congressman Arthur Defensor Sr., and a nephew of the late former senator Miriam Defensor-Santiago.
# Dębiny, Sępólno County

Dębiny is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Sośno, within Sępólno County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. It lies approximately 4 kilometres (2 mi) north of Sośno, 12 km (7 mi) east of Sępólno Krajeńskie, and 39 km (24 mi) north-west of Bydgoszcz.
# Organic chocolate

Organic chocolate is chocolate which has been certified organic. As of 2016, it was a growing sector in the global chocolate industry. Organic chocolate is a socially desirable product for some consumers. Major brands, such as The Hershey Company, have begun to produce organic chocolate.

## Sources

Many, if not most, producers of organic chocolate source their ingredients from certified fair trade cocoa farms and cooperatives. Organic chocolate comes in varieties including milk, white, and dark chocolate. Major brands of organic chocolate include Britain-based Green & Black's, Hershey-owned Dagoba Chocolate, and Equal Exchange. Less-known retailers include Taza Chocolate, Pacari Chocolate, and Sacred Chocolate, a brand noted for producing raw chocolate.

## Production process

The Seattle-based chocolate maker Theo Chocolate was one of the first companies that were "fair-trade certified" and produced organic chocolate. In 2006 when Theo Chocolate began their production of organic chocolate, there were no solid guidelines for chocolate manufacturing at the time and they had to get the process and ingredients in the correct measurements. The main ingredient in chocolate, cocoa is found close to the equator and the majority is grown in West Africa and South America. The organic cocoa, the main ingredient in organic chocolate, is sent to the chocolate factory, where they are thoroughly cleaned and foreign objects are removed. Organic cocoa beans are grown less than non-organic cocoa beans. Beyond the cocoa, other ingredients are also organic.