OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Mark Graham

Mark Graham may refer to:
* Mark Anthony Graham (1973–2006), Canadian Olympic athlete and casualty in the War in Afghanistan
* Mark Graham (rugby league) (born 1955), New Zealand rugby league footballer and coach
* Mark Graham (Australian footballer) (born 1973), former Australian rules footballer
* Mark Graham (footballer, born 1974), Northern Irish footballer for Cambridge United and Queens Park Rangers
* Mark Graham (diver), New Zealand diver
* Mark Graham (orchestrator), orchestrator and conductor
# California Exposition and State Fair Police

The California Exposition and State Fair Police is the police department of the California Exposition and State Fair, responsible for policing the California Exposition, including most notably the California State Fair. The sworn personnel of the Department have statewide peace officer powers as provided by section 830.2(i) of the California Penal Code.
The State Fair historically had a reputation for violence and disorder; between 2009 and 2017, police made an average of 66 arrests each year. Police were accused of racially profiling black teenagers. A new Chief, Joseph Robillard, was appointed in 2018. Robillard has previously been a police officer with the Yuba City Police Department, an investigator with the California Department of Alcoholic Beverage Control and deputy director of security for the California State Lottery. In 2018, following the introduction of a new approach to policing, including "teaching officers de-escalation techniques for arrests and encouraging a warm, constructive relationship between police officers and fair goers", the number of arrests reduced to 10. Police officers are now taught "to be more verbally communicative and calm when approaching someone with unruly conduct, instead of resorting to force."
The department maintains 200 CCTV cameras, and operates a booking facility with holding cells.
# Physaria bellii

Physaria bellii is a species of flowering plant in the family Brassicaceae known by the common names Bell's twinpod and Front Range twinpod. It is endemic to Colorado in the United States.
This perennial herb produces decumbent or prostrate stems from a caudex. The plant is covered in hairs, making it silvery. The basal leaves are toothed and the leaves along the stems are smooth on the edges. The inflorescence is a raceme of flowers with yellow petals and yellowish sepals. The fruit is a leathery pod reaching nearly a centimeter in length. Flowering occurs in May and June.
This plant grows on the Front Range in Colorado. It grows on the Niobrara, Pierre, Fountain, Ingleside, and Lykins Formations. The soils are limestone, limestone shale, or red sandstone. The habitat is shrubland dominated by Rhus trilobata and Cercocarpus montanus.
The plant is rare in general but locally abundant. Potential threats to the species include hybridization with Physaria vitulifera, a more widespread plant, limestone mining, road construction and maintenance, and introduced species of plants. The main threat is residential development.
# Kohs block design test

The Kohs Block test, also known as the Kohs Block Design Test, is a performance test designed to be an IQ test. The test taker must, using 16 colored cubes, replicate the patterns displayed on a series of test cards. The design of the test was motivated by a belief that the test could easily be administered to persons with language or hearing disabilities.

## History

The test was developed in 1920 by psychologist Samuel C. Kohs (1890–1984), a student of Lewis Terman, building on earlier and similar designs (such as Francis N. Maxfield's Color Cube Test).
Kohs described the 1920s version of the test as a series of 17 cards which increase in complexity as the test progressed. Test takers replicated the designs with painted blocks (each side was a single color or two colors divided by a diagonal line). The initial scores were based on completion time and number of moves. Hutt amended the scoring method to only score completion time. The test was given to both children and adults.
As early as the 1930s, the Kohs Block Test was administered at the Ohio School for the Deaf, and at other schools with special needs students.
The Kohs Block Design Test has been adapted into sections in several current IQ tests. The Kohs Test continues to be used in research extensively to measure executive functioning and learning, consistent with the original design of the test. This has made the Kohs Block Test useful for assessing the effects of aging, drug use, and in brain research, among other areas. In particular, that the Kohs is a relatively non-verbal test lends it to be used effectively in assessment of those with language issues and in multicultural research settings to reduce the impact of language on assessment of functioning.
Patients with damage to the right hemisphere of the brain find successful completion of the task to be extremely difficult, so the test is often used to diagnose right hemisphere damage.
# Adelaide, Georgia

Adelaide is an unincorporated community located near Camilla, Georgia, United States. Camilla is located in Mitchell County.
The community once had a post office. The elevation is 200 feet (61 m).
# Lalao Ravaonirina

Lalao Ravaonirina (born 8 November 1963) is a retired Malagasy athlete who specialized in the 100 and 200 metres. She competed in the women's 100 metres at the 1992 Summer Olympics.
Her personal best time was 11.32 seconds, achieved in July 1991 in Limoges. This is the current Malagasy record, held jointly with Hanitriniaina Rakotondrabe.

## Achievements

* 1997 Jeux de la Francophonie - bronze medal (100 m)
* 1994 Jeux de la Francophonie - bronze medal (100 m)
* 1989 Jeux de la Francophonie - bronze medal (100 m), silver medal (200 m)
* 1989 African Championships - bronze medal (200 m)
* 1988 African Championships - bronze medal (100 m)
# Fort de Vaujours

The Fort de Vaujours, located in the commune of Courtry, Seine-Saint-Denis, near the town of Vaujours, is one of the forts built at the end of the 19th century to defend Paris. It became a research center for the Commissariat à l'énergie atomique (CEA), France's Atomic Energy Commission. The center was closed in 1997.

## History

In 1870, France was partly occupied by the Prussian army. As a result of this defeat, the Séré de Rivières system of fortifications was built from 1874–1881 to defend Paris, consisting of 18 forts, five redoubts and 34 batteries.
Construction started in 1876 on a roughly pentagonal fort with 48 artillery pieces and a garrison of 691 troops. Work was completed in 1882. The fort was updated in 1911 with a machine gun turret and a Mougin turret with two 155 mm guns. The Fort de Vaujours is unique in its association with two annexes connected by a covered way to the main fort.
The fort's barracks were burned in 1944. In 1947 the Sevran explosives works used the facility. From 1955 the site was occupied by the CEA as a research center, which considerably modified the fort and its environs. The CEA conducted pyrotechnic experiments at the location, using shock tubes and similar apparatus to study high-pressure shock waves in uranium. The Vaujours facility closed in 1997. The CEA proposed to sell the property, but concerns about radioactive contamination have stalled the sale.
The large trapezoidal fort's main armament was a twin 155 mm Mougin turret. The turret remains, but its guns have been removed.
# Piletocera bisignalis

Piletocera bisignalis is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by George Hampson in 1917. It is found in Bali, Indonesia.
# La France périphérique

La France périphérique : comment on a sacrifié les classes populaires (transl. Peripheral France: How the Popular Classes Were Sacrificed) is a 2014 book by the French writer Christophe Guilluy. It analyses increasing polarisation between popular sentiment and rulers in France.
The term "peripheral France" made an impact in France's public discourse and continued to be used in relation to phenomena such as the yellow vests protests.
# Bharat Rakshak

Bharat Rakshak (lit. 'Defenders of India') is a website devoted to discussing the Military of India. It was started and is run by military enthusiasts.

## History

Bharat Rakshak was started in April 1997 by bringing together the individual websites of Indian Defence enthusiasts. The website was officially launched on 1 July 1997 by Seetal Patel and Rupak Chattopadhyay. While the concept of Open Source intelligence, as defined by the United States intelligence community, is still evolving in India, Bharat Rakshak has been cited as a website that could be held in the same category as its western counterparts. The forum has many members with experience in Indian Armed Forces and defence technology firms.
The site gained some notoriety in December 2007, when it was cited for leaking the Official War Histories written by the Indian Ministry of Defence (MoD) that had remained classified for sometime.

## Features

* An active discussion forum, which has been referred to in the press as a think-tank of Indian military issues.
* Discussion forums have threads in the following categories:
** Military Issues & History Forum
** Strategic Issues & International Relations Forum
** Technology & Economic Forum
** General Discussion Forums (Accessible only to registered members)
* The first three forum thread categories were available to public and the last general discussion forums was only available to registered members and was not visible for non-members.
* Discussions in first three forums focused on current military, strategic and technical/economic affairs of the day. With threads, highly active dedicated to Tejas, Arjun among others it remains a credible place to form viewpoint.
* The site also has detailed history on conflicts e.g. Siachen, and Kargil War
* An online bookstore, which specialises in the sourcing of books related to the Indian Military.
* A multimedia section, with a considerable number of video clippings and audio recordings of Military marches played by the bands of Indian Army, the Navy and Air Force. It also includes a significant collection of books devoted to various topics like Military History, Security Issues and Nuclear Issues. Their articles on nuclear issues have received press coverage.

## Related sites

On 15 August 2000, Bharat Rakshak launched a sister website called Amar Jawan. The Amar Jawan website is dedicated to the personnel of India's Armed Forces; it means "Immortal Soldier" in Hindi.
# Local election

In many parts of the world, local elections take place to select office-holders in local government, such as mayors and councillors. Elections to positions within a city or town are often known as "municipal elections". Their form and conduct vary widely across jurisdictions.

## By area
### Europe

Adopted by the Congress of the Council of Europe, The European Charter of Local Self-Government aims to establish basic European rules in order to measure and safeguard the rights of local authorities. The Charter commits the parties to applying basic rules guaranteeing the political, administrative and financial independence of local authorities. The Congress conducts two main activities so as to evaluate the Charter's implementation: local and regional election monitoring and observation. The Congress regularly observes local and/or regional elections in member and applicant countries, which allows the Council to monitor the state of local and regional democracy in the countries concerned. With regards to its monitoring mission, the Congress prepares monitoring reports.

### Middle East

In Saudi Arabia and Kuwait, local elections have proven to be easier to achieve than larger scale ones that affect the national or federal government. By giving voice to people on the smaller scales of government, over such issues as water supply, power, and sewer systems, confidence is thought to be built to eventually reform higher levels of government.
In more mature developed nations there is always an effort to get more information about candidates and options to people, and to keep the influence of larger national bodies like a political party to a minimum, as its ideological agenda is not typically that of any locality:

### New Zealand

Local elections are held every three years to elect local government politicians for the two tiers of local government in New Zealand.

### United Kingdom

In the United Kingdom the term local elections refers to county, unitary authority, borough, district, city, town and parish elections. These take place on the first Thursday of May every year. Councillors generally sit for four years. The number of independent (non-party) Councillors has declined over the past forty years - nowadays the overwhelming majority of local Councillors belong to one of the major parties.

### United States

In the United States there is an increasing demand for electoral reform, including a call for instant-runoff voting to be used to select all major executives. This is thought to make it possible for small parties to compete, as in the case of Matt Gonzalez in San Francisco, California. Such a ballot reform is often a complement to moving towards a "strong mayor" system, such as in Baltimore, Maryland, or as recently advocated in Oakland, California.
Residents of Takoma Park, Maryland can vote in municipal elections when they turn sixteen - the first in the United States.
# Oklahoma City Chiefs football

The Oklahoma City Chiefs football program represented Oklahoma City University and its predecessor institutions in college football. The team began play in 1905 representing Epworth University as the Epworth Methodists. Epworth closed in 1911 was replaced by Oklahoma Methodist University located in Guthrie, Oklahoma, which the football team represented from 1911 to 1916 as Oklahoma Methodist. After a hiatus during the World War I years, the team returned to play in 1921 as the Oklahoma City Goldbugs. Oklahoma Methodist University had relocated to Oklahoma City in 1919 as was renamed as Oklahoma City College. The school adopted its current name in 1924. The football team was known as the Goldbugs through 1941. After another hiatus during World War II, the football team returned to competition in 1946 as the Chiefs. Financial pressures forced the dissolution of the football program following the 1949 season.

## Championships

Oklahoma City won two conference championships during their program's existence.
| Year | Conference | Coach | Overall record | Conference record |
| 1927† | Oklahoma Intercollegiate Conference | Pappy Waldorf | 8–1–2 | 5–1–2 |
| 1931 | Big Four Conference | Vee Green | 12–0 | 3–0 |
| Total conference championships: | Total conference championships: | Total conference championships: | 2 (1 OIC, 1 Big Four) | 2 (1 OIC, 1 Big Four) |
| † Denotes co-champions |||||||

## Bowl game

Oklahoma City participated in the 1948 Glass Bowl.
| # | Bowl | Score | Date | Season | Opponent | Stadium | Location | Attendance | Head coach |
| 1 | Glass Bowl | L 14–27 | December 4, 1948 | 1948 | Toledo | Glass Bowl | Toledo, Ohio | 8,500 | Orville Tuttle |

## NFL draftees

Oklahoma City had six players selected in National Football League Draft between 1947 and 1950.
| Year | Rnd | Pick | Player name | Position | NFL team | Notes |
| 1947 | 9 | 74 | John Novitsky | T | New York Giants | — |
| 1947 | 15 | 135 | Wayne Goodall | E | Chicago Bears | — |
| 1947 | 17 | 147 | Marion Shirley | T | Boston Yanks | — |
| 1948 | 27 | 250 | Jim Wade | HB | Los Angeles Rams | — |
| 1949 | 23 | 231 | Hank Kalver | T | Philadelphia Eagles | — |
| 1950 | 6 | 77 | Orville Langrell | T | Los Angeles Rams | — |
# Physalozercon

Physalozercon raffray is a species of mite, placed in its own family, Physalozerconidae, in the order Mesostigmata.
# Ruth Eweler

Ruth Eweler (March 19, 1913 – October 1, 1947) was a German actress born in Plettenberg. She appeared in a number of films during the 1930s and 1940s, notably as a female lead in the 1937 film The Daughter of the Samurai, which was a German-Japanese co-production.

## Selected filmography

* I for You, You for Me (1934)
* The Old and the Young King (1935)
* Cause for Divorce (1937)
* The Daughter of the Samurai (1937)
* Der Scheidungsgrund (1937)
* Men, Animals and Sensations (1938)
* We Danced Around the World (1939)
* Between Hamburg and Haiti (1940)
* Einmal der liebe Herrgott sein (1942)
* Elephant Fury (1953)
# Yuichi Motai

Yuichi Motai is a Japanese researcher, professor, and book author. He serves as director of the Sensory Intelligence Laboratory at Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) and as an associate professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering. Motai is a past professor at University of Vermont; He was a visiting faculty of Air Force Research Lab at Hanscom MA, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
Motai received his Ph.D at Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, after completing his MS and BS education in Japan. He is a leader in the fields of Engineering Data. He published four books including Data-variant kernel analysis, published in 2015 by John Wiley & Sons.

## Published works

| Title(ISBN #) | Publisher(Year) |
| Prediction and classification of breathing motion (9783642415098) | Springer (2014) |
| Electromagnetic trackers for augmented reality systems (9781627055079) | ACM Morgan & Claypool (2014) |
| Data-variant kernel analysis (9781119019329) | John Wiley & Sons (2015) |
| Predicting vehicle trajectory (9781138030190) | CRC Taylor & Francis (2017) |

## Research

Motai's papers address fundamental and applied problems of sensory intelligence, which relate to specific application domains such as medical imaging, pattern recognition, computer vision, sensory-based robotic and biomedical applications. The majority of his 39 papers were published in IEEE Transactions, in 1) sensory Intelligence, focused on 2) adaptive prediction and 3) online classification methodologies:
* Sensory Intelligence: Fundamentals of robotic vision and data-intensive computing.
* Adaptive Prediction: Kalman filter bank, Optimized prediction, Time sequences signals.
* Online Classification: Kernel feature analysis, Neural networks, Deep learning.
* Radiation Oncology: Medical imaging, 4D Cone beam computed tomography, 4D MRI.
* Radiology: Computer-Aided Diagnosis, Distributed Database Network, Virtual colonoscopy.
Specific applications such as Radiation Oncology and Radiology were chosen based on his collaborator's expertise.

## Teaching

Motai has offered more than 10 different courses. The 4 fields he teaches in are Pattern Recognition, Automatic Control, Dynamic and Multivariable Systems, Signals and Systems I
Motai also taught at the University of Vermont, offering classes in the fields of Sensory-based robotics, Computer vision, and Ubiquitous computing.

## Personal life

Motai has two children, Yamato and Yurika.
# Lake Darling

Lake Darling may refer to:
* Lake Darling (Minnesota), a lake in Douglas County
* Lake Darling (North Dakota), a lake in northwest North Dakota near Minot.
* Lake Darling Dam, a dam in North Dakota
* Lake Darling State Park, a state park in southeast Iowa near Brighton.
# Pioussay

Pioussay is a former commune in the Deux-Sèvres department in western France. On 1 January 2019, it was merged into the new commune Valdelaume.
# La Française (cycling team)

La Française (English: The French) was a French professional cycling team that existed from 1901 to 1955. Maurice Garin won the 1903 Tour de France with the team. Their rider Léon Scieur won the 1921 Tour de France when riders participated as individuals.
# Local elections in Fiji

Local elections in Fiji are held for two cities (Suva and Lautoka) and ten towns (Ba, Labasa, Lami, Levuka, Nadi, Nausori, Nasinu, Savusavu, Sigatoka, and Tavua). Each city or town has a council comprising between 8 and 20 members, elected for three-year terms, although the government announced legislation on 15 February 2006 to extend the term to four years. Each city or town council elects from among its own members a Mayor (or Lord Mayor in the case of Suva) for one year. Consecutive terms are permitted.

## Electoral politics

Electoral politics in municipal elections has certain characteristics that set it apart from national politics. Political parties often do regard municipal polls as a trial run for national elections; in the 1985 election for the Suva City Council, for example, the newly formed Fiji Labour Party (FLP) showed that it was on the rise by winning 8 of the 20 seats. It went on to win the parliamentary election in 1987. Local issues also come into play, however:
* At the national level, the National Federation Party (NFP) was left unrepresented in the House of Representatives after the disastrous results of the 1999 and 2001 elections, but remained strong at the municipal level. In 2006, the NFP retained power in Ba and Nadi, shared power in a coalition with the Soqosoqo Duavata ni Lewenivanua (SDL) in Sigatoka, and was the second largest party in the Suva City Council.
* In 2003, Suva's 5 councillors from the FLP teamed up with the 7 councillors from the Soqosoqo Duavata ni Lewenivanua (SDL) - its arch-rival in national politics - to elect the SDL candidate, Ratu Peni Volavola, to the office of Lord Mayor.
* In the city of Lautoka, a purely local political party, the Sugar City Ratepayers Alliance, contested the 2005 election (but failed to win any seats). A number of other parties operating only at the municipal level contested other town councils, winning control of councils in Labasa, Lami, Levuka, Nausori, Savusavu, and Tavua. Some have been unsuccessful.

## Post-2006 developments

The regime that took power in a military coup on 5 December 2006 later dismissed all elected municipal bodies, appointing Special Administrators to run the cities and towns. In some cases, a single Administrator was responsible for more than one town. As of 2015, elected municipal government has not been restored.
* This Fiji-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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* This Oceanian election-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# CPET

CPET may refer to:
* Cardiopulmonary exercise test, a cardiological test that measures the heart's ability to respond to external stress
* Concerted proton-electron transfer
# Physaria didymocarpa

Physaria didymocarpa is a species of flowering plant in the mustard family known by the common name common twinpod. It is native to western North America, including British Columbia and Alberta in Canada and the northwestern United States.
This perennial herb produces several decumbent stems from a hairy caudex. The stems are around 10 centimetres (3.9 in) in length and have lance-shaped leaves measuring one or two centimeters long. The ends of the stems have inflorescences which are dense racemes of yellow flowers. The petals are roughly one centimeter long. The fruit is an inflated silicle up to 2 centimetres (0.79 in) long by 2 centimetres (0.79 in) wide which is firm to papery and fuzzy in texture.
There are three subspecies of this plant. The ssp. lanata is native to Montana and Wyoming. The ssp. lyrata, a taxon characterized by its very inflated, papery fruits, is endemic to Idaho.