OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Perithemis domitia

Perithemis domitia, the slough amberwing, is a species of skimmer in the dragonfly family Libellulidae. It is found in the Caribbean Sea, Central America, North America, and South America.
The IUCN conservation status of Perithemis domitia is "LC", least concern, with no immediate threat to the species' survival. The population is stable. The IUCN status was reviewed in 2017.
# Reviga

Reviga is a commune located in Ialomița County, Muntenia, Romania. It is composed of four villages: Crunți, Mircea cel Bătrân, Reviga and Rovine.
# Xu Chengzhong

Chengzhong Xu from the Wayne State University, Detroit, MI was named Fellow of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) in 2016 for leadership in resource management for parallel and distributed systems.
# Xu Changsheng

Xu Changsheng (Chinese: 徐常胜) is a Chinese computer scientist. He is a professor at the Institute of Automation of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in Beijing and Executive Director of China-Singapore Institute of Digital Media. He was named a Fellow of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) in 2014 for his contributions to multimedia content analysis.
# Retroflect

Retroflection is the movement of an ocean current that doubles back on itself.

## Usage history

More commonly used to describe the way the mammalian intestine or uterus might turn back on itself, retroflection was first used in an oceanographic sense in 1970 by South African oceanographer Nils Bang, to describe the Agulhas Current which curves on itself at the southern tip of Africa to become the Aghulhas Return Current. Bang credited the inspiration for the metaphor to his wife, Alison Coombe Bang, a nursing sister, who mentioned the term during her midwifery studies. Bang's research, through the University of Cape Town, was done on a limited budget and with rudimentary equipment, yet his studies using closely spaced bathythermograph readings, were later corroborated by satellite thermal imagery. The term was then revived and is now common parlance among oceanographers. The Agulhas current's retroflection is now key to an understanding of its dynamics.

## Retroflection regions

The North Brazil Current (NBC) is a western boundary current that flows off the coast of northeast Brazil, in the tropical Atlantic that transports upper ocean waters across the equator. It retroflects between 4°N and 10°N. Particularly during summer and fall, the NBC retroflects from the coast at 6° to 7°N and feeds the North Equatorial Countercurrent and North Equatorial Undercurrent. The NBC sheds large anticyclonic rings that move northwestward along the continental break. (Didden and Schott, 1993). These warm rings could play an important role in the net meridional transport of warm water in the upper layers of the Atlantic Ocean as part of the meridional overturning circulation (MOC).
In the southeast Atlantic Ocean the current retroflects (turns back on itself) in the Agulhas Retroflection due to shear interactions with the strong Antarctic Circumpolar Current. This water becomes the Agulhas Return Current, rejoining the Indian Ocean Gyre. It is estimated that up to 85 Sv (Sverdrups) of the net transport is returned to the Indian Ocean through the retroflection. The remaining water is transported into the South Atlantic Gyre in the Agulhas Leakage. Along with direct branch currents, this leakage takes place in surface water filaments, and Agulhas Eddies.
# Aarnes

Aarnes or Årnes is a Norwegian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Asbjørn Aarnes (1923–2013), Norwegian literary historian
* Hans Aarnes (1886–1960), Norwegian journalist
* Sverre Årnes (born 1949), Norwegian writer
* Tom Aage Aarnes (born 1977), Norwegian ski jumper
# Xystoscolex

Xystoscolex is a genus of palaeoscolecidian worm known from the Sirius Passet, North Greenland.
# Xystreurys

Xystreurys is a genus of large-tooth flounders with one species, X. liolepis, found along the Pacific coast of North America from Monterey Bay, California to the Gulf of California and the other, X. rasile, found along the Atlantic coast of South America from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil to the southern tip of Argentina.

## Species

There are currently two recognized species in this genus:
* Xystreurys liolepis D. S. Jordan & C. H. Gilbert, 1880 (Fantail flounder)
* Xystreurys rasile (D. S. Jordan, 1891)
# Peperomia pernambucensis

Peperomia pernambucensis is a species of plant in the genus Peperomia in the family Piperaceae. Its native range is in Central and South America from Nicaragua to Bolivia.

## Synonyms

* Peperomia aphanoneura C. DC.
* Peperomia atirroana Trel.
* Peperomia balsapuertana Trel.
* Peperomia brevicaulis Trel.
* Peperomia breviscapa Trel.
* Peperomia lechleriana Trel.
* Peperomia longifolia C. DC.
* Peperomia lopezensis Trel.
* Peperomia paniculata Regel
* Peperomia subacaulis Trel.
# Retriever (disambiguation)

A retriever is a dog that returns game to a hunter. The word may also refer to:
* Retriever (album), 2004 album by Ron Sexsmith
* Retriever Communications, a mobile communications company
* Retriever Activities Center, an arena on the campus of the University of Maryland, Baltimore County
* Retriever (Dungeons & Dragons), the Construct of Dungeons and Dragons
* Retriever, a Lycos information summarization product
* HMS Retriever, a British R-class destroyer launched in 1917
* MV Retriever, a NASA vessel
* UMBC Retrievers, the athletic program of the University of Maryland, Baltimore County
# Pernille Weiss

Pernille Weiss (born 12 March 1968) is a Danish politician, and businesswoman who was elected as a Conservative People's Party (part of the EPP Group) Member of the European Parliament (MEP) in the 2019 European parliamentary election in Denmark. She is the chief executive officer (CEO) of Archimed, a healthcare and architectural consultancy.

## Early life and career

Pernille Weiss was born on 12 March 1968 in Gamborg, Middelfart. Weiss grew up in Funen. Her early education was at the Middelfart Gymnasium. Weiss joined the Conservative People's Party at the age of 15. She qualified as a nurse in 1992 from the Odense School of Nursing in Funen and later specialised in forensic nursing. From 1996 to 2004 she was a member of the Funen County Council. Weiss obtained a Cand.scient. in Health Sciences from the University of Southern Denmark in 2004.
Four years later, Weiss gained a master's degree in Leadership and Innovation from Copenhagen Business School. In the same year, she founded Archimed, a healthcare, and architectural consultancy. She is its chief executive officer (CEO). Weiss had previously worked for consulting firm COWI, and architectural firm Arkitema. In 2017, she became a certified sexologist.

## Member of the European Parliament

Weiss stood as a candidate in the 2019 European parliamentary election for the Conservative People's Party. She was first on her party's list. Weiss was elected as its sole MEP in Denmark.
In the European Parliament, Weiss is part of the EPP group. Since 2019, she has been serving on the Committee on Industry, Research, and Energy. In this capacity, she has been the parliament’s rapporteur on the European Union’s Pharmaceutical Directive (2023) and the Waste Shipment Regulation (2023).
In addition to her committee assignments, Weiss is part of the delegation to the ACP–EU Joint Parliamentary Assembly. She is also a member of the European Parliament Intergroup on Climate Change, Biodiversity and Sustainable Development, the European Parliament Intergroup on Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs), the European Parliament Intergroup on LGBT Rights and the MEP Interest Group on Obesity & Health System Resilience.
In May 2023, an internal investigation uncovered reports of bullying in Weiss’ office. Shortly after, the Conservative People's Party under its leader Søren Pape Poulsen announced that it would not nominate her as a candidate for the 2024 European Parliament election. Weiss appealed the decision at the party's annual conference in Herning on 23 September where it was affirmed with 440 delegates' votes for and 145 against.

## Political positions

Weiss has described her priorities in the parliament to be to strengthen the European Union's energy, and climate policy, and controls on immigration.

## Personal life

Weiss has been married twice and has three children.
# Xu Hongxing

Xu Hongxing (Chinese: 徐红星; born May 1969) is a Chinese physicist and vice president of the Institute for Advanced Studies of Wuhan University. He is also a professor at the School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University.

## Biography

Xu was born in Lianyungang, Jiangsu province in 1969. After graduating from Banpu High School in 1988, he was accepted to Peking University. In 1996, he pursued advanced studies in Sweden, earning his master's degree and doctor's degree from Chalmers University of Technology in 1998 and 2002, respectively.
In August 2002, he was promoted to associate professor at Chalmers University of Technology. He returned to China in January 2005 and that year became a researcher at the Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS). He was deputy director of the State Key Laboratory for Surface Physics from 2007 to 2008 and director of Nanoscale Physics & Devices Laboratory from 2009 to 2014. He joined the Chinese Communist Party in May 2011. In September 2012, he joined Wuhan University as professor and director of Center for Nanoscience and Technology. He was appointed as a "Chang Jiang Scholar" (or " Yangtze River Scholar") by the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China in 2014.

## Honors

In November 2017 he was elected an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS).
In 2018 he became a member of the Chinese Optical Society. That same year, he was elected a fellow of The World Academy of Sciences.
# Decoration of the Hungarian Red Cross

The Decoration of the Hungarian Red Cross (Magyar Vöröskereszt Díszjelvénye) was a Hungarian award instituted on 30 March 1922 by Regent Miklós Horthy to mark the 50th anniversary of the Geneva Convention. It was intended to honour individuals who had worked in the voluntary emergency services of the Red Cross, either in peacetime or in war. In 7. January 1938 the original 3 decorations were augmented with 2 medals, the Silver and the bronze medal. Because war was inevitable all classes received a war decoration sub-class.
The order consists of three classes, as well as an associated medal in two classes:
    1st: Star, with and without war decoration
    2nd: Merit Cross, with and without war decoration
    3rd: Merit Medal, with and without war decoration
    4th: Silver Medal, with and without war decoration
    5th: Bronze Medal, with and without war decoration
# Xylophanes sarae

Xylophanes sarae is a moth of the family Sphingidae.

## Distribution

It is known from Venezuela.

## Description

The wingspan is 68–86 mm for males and 75–90 mm for females.
* Xylophanes sarae female dorsal
* Xylophanes sarae female ventral

## Biology

Adults are probably on wing year-round.
The larvae probably feed on Rubiaceae and Malvaceae species.
# Peroxide (punk zine)

Peroxide was a punk zine published and edited during the late 1970s by Andrew Thomas, Quentin Cook (a.k.a. Norman Cook) and Ian McKay). Inspired by punk zines such as Chainsaw, Peroxide lasted only two issues, with McKay being ousted by Cook after the first issue. Importantly however, the publication is noteworthy as it served to provide Cook with his first significant point of connection with the professional music business (his contact with Adam Ant being a notable example), and for both McKay and Thomas, their first experiences of publishing. Whilst Cook remained in the music business, McKay became a writer on the visual arts and culture, while Thomas moved into the business sector; he is currently the publisher of Communicate magazine and owner of Cravenhill Publishing.
Copies of Peroxide have latterly proved highly collectable owing largely to the connection with Norman Cook.
# Pernitas Point, Texas

Pernitas Point is an unincorporated community mostly in Live Oak County with overlap into Jim Wells County in the U.S. state of Texas. The population was 269 at the 2000 census, the last time the population was recorded. It ceased to be incorporated May 4, 2008.

## Geography

Pernitas Point is located at 28°3′31″N 97°54′6″W﻿ / ﻿28.05861°N 97.90167°W﻿ / 28.05861; -97.90167 (28.058724, -97.901757), in the southeastern corner of Live Oak County and the northeastern corner of Jim Wells County, on a point of land extending into Lake Corpus Christi, a reservoir on the Nueces River.
According to the United States Census Bureau, in 2000 the village had a total area of 0.6 square miles (1.6 km$^2$), all land.

## Demographics

At the 2000 census, there were 269 people, 121 households and 87 families residing in the village. The population density was 485.6 inhabitants per square mile (187.5/km$^2$). There were 208 housing units at an average density of 375.5 per square mile (145.0/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the village was 96.65% White, 0.74% African American, 0.37% Asian, and 2.23% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 14.50% of the population.
There were 121 households, of which 20.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 61.2% were married couples living together, 5.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 27.3% were non-families. 25.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.22 and the average family size was 2.57.
Age distribution was 19.0% under the age of 18, 2.2% from 18 to 24, 20.4% from 25 to 44, 33.1% from 45 to 64, and 25.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 50 years. For every 100 females, there were 97.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 96.4 males.
The median household income was $45,417, and the median family income was $50,250. Males had a median income of $41,250 versus $30,313 for females. The per capita income for the village was $31,030. About 2.4% of families and 3.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 10.4% of those under the age of eighteen and none of those 65 or over.

## Education

Pernitas Point is served by two school districts: the George West Independent School District for the Live Oak County portion, and Orange Grove Independent School District for the Jim Wells County portion.
# PernixData

PernixData was a software company based in San Jose, California. PernixData was founded in 2012, and acquired in 2016. Its main product is PernixData FVP, which is software for virtualizing server-side flash memory and random-access memory (RAM).

## History

PernixData was co-founded in February 2012 by Poojan Kumar, CEO, and Satyam Vaghani, CTO. Initial capital investment came from Lightspeed Venture Partners with individual investments from Mark Leslie, founding Chairman and CEO of Veritas; John Thomson, CEO of Virtual Instruments and Microsoft Board Member; and Lane Bess, chief operating officer at Zscaler and former CEO of Palo Alto Networks. A second round of funding in May 2013 came from Kleiner Perkins Caufield & Byers and the original investors. In August 2014, PernixData raised Series C financing, led by Menlo Ventures with contributions from previous investors. Investments in that round were also made by Marc Benioff, chairman and CEO of Salesforce; Jim Davidson, of Silver Lake Partners and Steve Luczo, chairman and CEO of Seagate Technology.
In August 2013, PernixData announced its FVP software product. In July, 2016, there were reports of potential sale of the company. PernixData was acquired by Nutanix in August, 2016.

## Products and competition

PernixData FVP virtualizes server-side flash memory and random-access memory (RAM), software intended to scale storage performance independent of capacity. In 2013, PernixData FVP was only available for VMware's cloud computing platform vSphere 5, but Kumar indicated plans to ready FVP for various hypervisors, including Microsoft Hyper-V. Version 2.0 of FVP was announced in August 2014, alongside various new editions of the product (Enterprise, Standard, VDI and Essentials Plus).
Competing VMware-focused flash virtualization technologies include Virtunet Systems' VirtuCache, SanDisk’s FlashSoft, Proximal Data's Autocache, and VMware's own vSphere Flash Read Cache (vFRC). PernixData's FVP and Virtunet Systems' VirtuCache distinguish themselves from VMware's own vFRC by adding write caching and clustering.
# Rhodoluna

Rhodoluna is a Gram-positive, non-spore-forming and non-motile genus of bacteria from the family of Microbacteriaceae. The type strain of the only species Rhodoluna lacicola encodes an actinorhodopsin, which is a light-diven proton pump enabling light energy conversion, potentially resulting in a mixotrophic physiology. The type strain of R. lacicola was isolated from Lake Tai (Lake Taihu) in China. The type strain MWH-Ta8 is remarkable for its very small cell size ultramicrobacterium and its small genome size of only 1.4 Mbp. The type strain has a planktonic lifestyle, that is freely floating the water column of aquatic systems. Currently, the genus Rhodoluna contains two described species (R. lacicola and R. limnophila).
# Perideridia californica

Perideridia californica is a species of flowering plant in the family Apiaceae known by the common name California yampah. It is endemic to California, where it is known from the Central Coast Ranges and a section of the Sierra Nevada foothills. It grows in moist soils, often near streams. It is a perennial herb which may approach 1.5 meters in maximum height, its slender, erect stem growing from cylindrical tubers measuring up to 12 centimeters long. Leaves near the base of the plant have blades up to 40 centimeters long which are divided into many flat, narrow, subdivided lobes. Leaves higher on the plant are smaller and less divided. The inflorescence is a compound umbel of many spherical clusters of small white flowers. These yield ribbed, oblong-shaped fruits under a centimeter long.
# Peridea ferruginea

Peridea ferruginea, the chocolate prominent, is a species of prominent moth in the family Notodontidae. It was described by Alpheus Spring Packard in 1864 and is found in North America. In 2018, Miller et al. distinguished Peridea bordeloni, whose larvae specialize on river birch Betula nigra, as a separate species, though P. bordeloni has previously been identified as P. ferruginea.
The MONA or Hodges number for Peridea ferruginea is 7921.
# Xu Qin (born 1928)

Xu Qin (January 1928 – 18 October 2021) was a Chinese politician who served as party secretary of Jiangxi from 1982 to 1985 and chairman of Jiangxi People's Congress from 1988 to 1993.
He was a delegate to the 5th, 6th, 7th and 8th National People's Congress. He was a member of the standing Committee of the 8th National People's Congress. He was a representative of the 14th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party. He was an alternate member of the 12th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party.

## Biography

Xu was born in Suizhong County, Fengtian, in January 1928, during the Republic of China. He joined the Chinese Communist Party in September 1949.
Xu got involved in politics in 1949, when he became a secretary in the Office of CCP Fuzhou Prefectural Party Committee. He then continued working in Linchuan County, holding positions as head of Publicity Department, head of Agriculture and Industry, deputy party secretary of the county, and party secretary of the county. In 1960, he was elevated to first secretary of Nancheng County, and held that office until 1967. He was eventually purged during the Cultural Revolution but later reinstated in 1971. After a year of studying at the Party School of the CCP Jiangxi Provincial Committee, he was admitted to member of the standing committee of the CCP Fuzhou Prefectural Party Committee, the prefecture's top authority. In 1975, he was made head of China's agricultural technology support team for Senegal, but having held the position for only two years. In October 1977, he rose to become party secretary of Fuzhou and in April 1979 was appointed deputy secretary-general of the CCP Jiangxi Provincial Committee and director of the Provincial Foreign Affairs Office. In December, he was appointed vice governor and secretary-general of Jiangxi and was admitted to member of the standing committee of the CCP Jiangxi Provincial Committee, the province's top authority. In December 1982, he took office as party secretary of Jiangxi, and served until June 1985. In February 1988, he moved up the ranks to chairman of Jiangxi People's Congress, the highest legislature in the province, serving until February 1993. He resigned in November 2000.
On 18 October 2021, he died from an illness in Nanchang, Jiangxi, aged 93.

## Autobiography

* 回顾与探索 [Review and Exploration] (in Chinese). Nanchang, Jiangxi: Jiangxi People's Publishing House. 2003. ISBN 7210027459.
# Abdul Bari (Taliban commander, Helmand)

Mullah Abdul Bari was alleged to be a Taliban commander. He is reported to have been killed with 29 other fighters. However, Abdul-Bari survived and in fact was imprisoned in Pakistan from 2008 to 2013. He was released in 2013 after a galling stint and promoted to command the Helmand military front. The released Abdul-Bari was at the time confused with another Abdul-Bari Agha, who had been governor during the 1990s. Source: https://www.thedailybeast.com/freed-taliban-prisoners-in-pakistan-and-afghanistan-return-to-jihad)
Mullah Noormal, a Taliban commander involved in the Taliban's successful capture of Musa Qala, told Asia Times that Abdul Bari was in overall command of the attack.
Another Taliban commander named Mullah Abdul Bari was reported killed in Uruzgan Province on April 1, 2009.
# Perizoma affinitata

Perizoma affinitata, the rivulet, is a species of moth of the family Geometridae. It was first described by James Francis Stephens in 1831 and it is found in most of Europe.
Its wingspan is 24–30 mm and is characterized by the narrow white postmedian band of the forewing and especially by the dark hindwing, with only a narrow, divided white or whitish band. Northern and western Germany, and rather less extreme from England and according to Otto Staudinger it is distributed in central and northern Europe and Romania. - rivinata Fisch.-Rossl. has the white on the forewing much extended and the hindwing broadly or almost wholly white. It belongs chiefly to northern or mountain districts, but sometimes occurs as an aberration with the type England, N. Norway, the Alps, Carpathians. - magistraria Trti. and Verity is larger, the forewing grey, not brown, but darker than in hydrata and with broader white band; hindwing greyish with double whitish band; underside like that of rivinata. Terme di Valdieri, Maritime Alps.
The larva is rather powerful, pale pink with a dark head capsule and the dorsal side of the first body joint.
The species is found in forest edges, hedges and on flower meadows. The larvae feed on Silene species, including Silene dioica. The larvae can be found from June to September. The species overwinters as a pupa.