OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# List of intercommunalities of the Cantal department

Since 1 January 2020, the Cantal department of France has counted nine public establishments for intercommunal cooperation (EPCI) with their administrative seats in the department, one agglomerated community and 8 communauté de communes. One additional commune, Montgreleix, is part of the communauté de communes du Massif du Sancy whose administrative seat is located in the Puy-de-Dôme department.

## History

The departmental commission on intercommunal co-operation (CDCI) [fr] of the Cantal department met to examine the draft departmental plan for inter-municipal cooperation. On 7 March 2017, the CDCI approved, after examination of amendments, a plan that provided for six intercommunalities for the entirety of the Cantal department from 1 January 2017. This plan was stopped by the Prefect of Cantal on 30 March 2016.
Resistance from numerous communauté de communes to the project to fuse intercommunalities led to abandonmont of part of the legislative project. Finally, on 1 January 2017, the intercommunalities of the Cantal department numbered a total of nine moving forward.
On 1 January 2019, four communes left the Hautes Terres Communauté to join the communauté de communes du Pays Gentiane.

## List of intercommunalities

| Legal form | Name | SIREN number | Date of creation | Number of communes | Population (2018/2019) | Area (km$^2$) | Density (per km$^2$) | Seat | President |
| Communauté d'agglomeration | CA du Basin d'Aurillac | 241500230 | 22 November 1999 | 25 | 53,407 | 491.90 | 109 | Aurillac | Pierre Mathonier |
| Communauté de communes | Saint-Flour Communauté | 200066660 | 1 January 2017 | 53 | 23,515 | 1,366.30 | 17 | Saint-Flour | Céline Charriaud |
| Communauté de communes | CC de la Châtaigneraie Cantalienne | 200066678 | 1 January 2017 | 50 | 21,099 | 1,061.10 | 20 | Saint-Mamet-la-Salvetat | Michel Teyssedou |
| Communauté de communes | Hautes Terres Communauté | 200066637 | 1 January 2017 | 35 | 11,554 | 899.80 | 13 | Murat | Didier Achalme |
| Communauté de communes | CC du Pays de Salers | 241501139 | 19 December 2003 | 27 | 8,466 | 642.90 | 13 | Salers | Pierre Mennesson |
| Communauté de communes | CC Sumène Artense | 241501055 | 30 December 1999 | 16 | 8,343 | 324.60 | 26 | Champs-sur-Tarentaine-Marchal | Marc Maisoneuvre |
| Communauté de communes | CC du Pays Gentiane | 241500255 | 29 December 1993 | 17 | 6,720 | 460.20 | 15 | Riom-ès-Montagnes | Valérie Cabécas |
| Communauté de communes | CC du Pays de Mauriac | 241500271 | 4 November 1994 | 11 | 6,627 | 224 | 30 | Mauriac | Jean-Pierre Soulier |
| Communauté de communes | CC Cère et Goul en Carladès | 241501089 | 12 October 2000 | 11 | 4,916 | 237.50 | 21 | Vic-sur-Cère | Dominique Bru |
| Intercommunalities with their administrative seats outside of the Cantal department |||||||||||
| Communauté de communes | CC du Massif du Sancy | 246300966 | 10 December 1999 | 20 (including 1 in Cantal) | 9,646 | 605.70 | 16 | Mont-Dore (Puy-de-Dôme) | Lionel Gay |
# Carabus valikhanovi

Carabus valikhanovi, is a species of ground beetle in the large genus Carabus.
# Pougdiari

Pougdiari is a village in the Manni Department of Gnagna Province in eastern Burkina Faso. The village has a population of 911.
# Mahmut Şenol

Mahmut Şenol (born November 23, 1958) is a contemporary Turkish and Canadian author and journalist. He has published 10 books as of April 2016. The author currently lives in Edmonton, Canada.
* Phaselis Adağı (2004) - novel/historical fiction
* Bay Konsolos (2005) - novel/fiction
* Çerkes Adil Paşa'nın Tahsildarlık Günleri (2007) - novel/fiction
* Keşfini Bekleyen Insan (2010) - non-fiction
* Kayısı Topuklu Kadınlar (2011) - essays and daily articles
* Akhisar Düşerken (2011) - novel/fiction
* Capon Çayevi (2012) - novel/fiction -
* Altıncı Hasta (2013) - theatre/play [ 6. Hasta ], this book is available as e-Pub, onto internet
* Geçiyordum, Uğradım (2015) - Short Stories.
* Dalkavuk Hanım (2016) - novel
* Bizim Unuttuğumuz Şey - (2017), Short Stories.
* Bir Roman Yazılıyor~Nicky'yi Öldürmek - (2020 )Fiction
# Ruppichteroth

Ruppichteroth is a municipality in the Rhein-Sieg district, in the southern part of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is located approximately 30 kilometers east of Bonn.

## Districts

In 1969, the old municipality of Winterscheid became part of Ruppichteroth. Since then the municipality consists of three districts:
* Ruppichteroth
* Schönenberg
* Winterscheid

## History

Ruppichteroth was first mentioned in 843.

## Twin towns

* Longdendale, United Kingdom
* Caputh, Germany
* Schenkendöbern, Germany
# Norwegian Barents Secretariat

The Norwegian Barents Secretariat aims at developing the Norwegian-Russian relations in the north by promoting and funding Norwegian-Russian cooperation projects. As of 2022, the organisation has 11 employees in Kirkenes; its offices are in Arkhangelsk, Murmansk, the Nenets Region and Kirkenes.
On behalf of the Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the Secretariat grants funds to bilateral Norwegian-Russian cooperation projects. The Secretariat grants approximately 200 Norwegian-Russian projects annually.
The Secretariat is also a center of competence on Norwegian-Russian relations, by carrying through and finance various types of reviews or reports on relevant topics in the region. The Secretariat also coordinates the national goals with the regional political priorities within the frames of the multilateral Barents Cooperation, and work as a resource center for the councils, committees and working groups of the Barents Cooperation.
Head of the Norwegian Barents Secretariat is Lars Georg Fordal (in office since September 1, 2016).
The online newspaper The Barents Observer, which covers far northern news issues, with news stories from Russia, Norway, Sweden and Finland, published in English and Russian, was established in 2002 and operated under the aegis of the Barents Secretariat between 2005 and 2015. After a conflict between owners and editors, a new website was established in October 2015, owned by its editors.
# Richard A. Hellman

Richard A. Hellman (born April 24, 1940) is an American environmental consultant, attorney, and the President of the Middle East Research Center Limited (MERCL). He was named among the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) Global 500 Roll of Honour. Hellman is also President of the Friends of UNEP, USA.

## Early life and education

Hellman graduated from Canisius College in Buffalo, New York, with a bachelor's degree in history. He later received his Juris Doctor from Georgetown Law School in Washington, DC.

## Military service

Hellman served in the Vietnam War, with distinction, having received the Bronze Star as a captain in Army counterintelligence.

## Public service

After leaving the army, Hellman began his career in government at the United States Environmental Protection Agency in 1966. He quickly rose in the agency and established its Office of Legislative Affairs. As the first Legislative Counsel of the Environmental Protection Agency, he created the Legislative Counsel's Office under William D. Ruckelshaus, EPA's first administrator, before going to work on Capitol Hill. As counsel to the US Senate Public Works Committee in 1972–76, he helped draft legislation on air and water quality, noise, solid wastes and toxic substances.
Hellman's desires for international roles began to be realized when Senator Howard Baker of Tennessee selected him to serve as executive director of the U.S. Committee for the Stockholm U.N. Conference on the Environment and then as U.S. advisor at the Conference, where the course of future international environmental action was set. Baker then named him Chief Minority Counsel of the Senate Committee on Environment and Public Works, where, as at EPA, he drafted landmark environmental laws, including those for clean air and water, waste recycling, toxic substances, oceans, mining and noise.

## Government of Israel

In 1976, Hellman was contracted by the Government of Israel as an environmental consultant. While in Israel, Hellman received support from the United Nations to draft Israel's environmental laws and plans. Upon completion of this project, he was named by Israel to be the Chief Environmental Advisor on the District Planning and Building Commission for the rebuilding and restoration of Jerusalem. In this role, he led delegations to the Rome and Venice U.N. Mediterranean conferences.

## Environmental activism

Hellman is a member of the bar association in Washington DC, with an application pending in New York.
In Washington, Hellman's law practice involves environmental, and corporate matters. He also founded and now chairs the U.S. Committee for the U.N. Environment Programme (UNEP). Hellman is called on to testify, write and speak on subjects related to the environment, water, and sustainable development.
Hellman was an official advisor to the 1992 UN Earth Summit and 1994 UN International Conference on Population and Development. He has served as a consultant to the U.S. State Department and the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP), among others.
# Manjit Kumar

Manjit Kumar (born 1963) wrote the popular science book Quantum which was shortlisted for the BBC Samuel Johnson Prize for Non-Fiction, 2009. He was also co-author of the book Science and the Retreat from Reason. He has degrees in physics and philosophy. He is the former Consulting Science Editor of Wired UK.
He lives in north London and is married with two sons.

## Journalism

He has written for many newspapers, websites and magazines.
* Daily Telegraph(5)
* Financial Times (4)
* The Guardian (4)
* The Independent (9)
* Literary Review (3)
* Nature.com (2)
* New Humanist (2)
* New Scientist (8)
* Sunday Telegraph (1)
* Tehelka (2)
* The Times (2)
* Wall Street Journal (1)

## Prometheus

Prometheus was a short lived journal that covered the arts and sciences, that was edited by Manjit Kumar along with fellow associate Pandora Kay-Kreizman. Its first two issues had appeared by late 1999. Issue 3 was published in March 2000. and Issue 4—the final issue—around March 2001.
* Prometheus 1
* Prometheus 2
* Prometheus 3
* Prometheus 4
# Pat O'Shea

Pat O'Shea may refer to:
* Pat O'Shea (Gaelic footballer, born 1888) (1888–1980), won All-Ireland Senior Football Championship titles with Kerry in 1913 and 1914
* Pat O'Shea (Gaelic footballer, born 1966), managed Kerry to the 2007 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship title
* Pat O'Shea (author) (1931–2007), Irish-born author
# Papilio pilumnus

Papilio pilumnus, the three-tailed tiger swallowtail, is a species of swallowtail butterfly from the genus Papilio that is found in Texas, Mexico and Guatemala.
The larvae feed on the leaves of Litsea species.
# Bill James (American football)

William Nelson James (November 14, 1897 – September 15, 1969) was an American college football player and coach. He served as the head football coach at Trinity University in San Antonio from 1949 to 1951, compiling a record of 15–14–3.

## Early life and college playing career

James was born on November 14, 1897, in Watauga, Texas. After graduating from North Side High School in Fort Worth, Texas, he went to Centre College with former coach Robert L. Myers joining up with the likes of high school teammates Matty Bell, Bob Mathias, and Sully Montgomery. Bo McMillin and Red Weaver played for North Side as well, but did not have enough credits to yet go to college. They went to Somerset High in Kentucky, where they met up with Red Roberts and were recruited by boosters to Centre. The 1917 team ostensibly did so well that Myers felt his players were better than his coaching abilities, and hired Charley Moran. James was thrice an All-Southern tackle and end. He started at end in the 1921 Centre vs. Harvard football game.

## Coaching career

James was an assistant for the Texas A&M Aggies.
James was the head football coach at Trinity College in San Antonio from 1949 to 1951.

## Late life and death

James retired from coaching in 1952. He continued as owner of Camp Stewart, a boys' summer camp in Hunt, Texas, which he had owned since 1929. James died on September 15, 1969, at Sid Peterson Memorial Hospital in Kerrville, Texas, following an illness.

## Head coaching record
### College

| Year | Team | Overall | Conference | Standing |
| Trinity Tigers (Gulf Coast Conference) (1949–1951) ||||||
| 1949 | Trinity | 6–5–1 | 0–3 | 4th |
| 1950 | Trinity | 5–4–1 | 0–2 | 3rd |
| 1951 | Trinity | 4–5–1 | 0–1–1 | T–2nd |
| Trinity: | Trinity: | 15–14–3 | 0–6–1 | |
| Total: | Total: | 15–14–3 | | |
# Liga de Fútbol Indoor

The Campeonato Nacional de Liga de Fútbol Indoor (National Championship Indoor Football League), commonly known for sponsorship reasons Liga Fertiberia, is an indoor football competition in Spain and Portugal, operated by the Asociación de Fútbol Indoor. Is played with players over the age of 30, former football players.

## Honours

| Year | Champion | Runner-up | Result | Top scorer |
| 2008 | Deportivo | Real Madrid | League | |
| 2009 | Barcelona | Real Madrid | League | Juan Sánchez (38 goals) |
| 2010 | Deportivo | Betis | League | Juan Sánchez (45 goals) |
| 2011 | Sporting | Mallorca | 11–4 | Fredi (25 goals) |
| 2012 | Real Madrid | Barcelona | 7–1 | Amavisca (20 goals) |
| 2013 | Celta de Vigo | Valladolid | 9–8 | Juan Sánchez (26 goals) |
| 2014 | FC Porto | Real Madrid | 12–9 | Rui Barros (12 goals) |
# Renato Cataldi

Renato Cataldi (born December 25, 1909, São Paulo, Brazil; died May 29, 1981, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil) was a Brazilian painter. Cataldi is catalogued in the Julius Louzada's Dictionary of Arts, and won several awards from the annual Salon organised by Escola Nacional de Belas Artes.
Cataldi, who lived and painted in and around the city of Rio de Janeiro, focused on landscapes, seascapes, marine subjects and nature scenes featuring exotic birds of various species from trees, as if they were loose in nature. His paintings often appear at large international auction houses.
# Neuvy-en-Champagne

Neuvy-en-Champagne (French pronunciation:) is a former commune in the Sarthe department in the region of Pays de la Loire in north-western France. On 1 January 2019, it was merged into the new commune Bernay-Neuvy-en-Champagne.

## Geography

The river Vègre forms part of the commune's western border. The village lies on the right bank of the Neuvy, a tributary of the Vègre.
# Rhopobota okui

Rhopobota okui is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in China (Henan, Guangdong, Sichuan, Guizhou) and Japan.
# Gang Ranch Airport

Gang Ranch Airport, formerly TC LID: CAY2, was a registered aerodrome located adjacent to Gang Ranch, British Columbia, Canada.
# Patalene (moth)

Patalene is a genus of moths in the family Geometridae erected by Gottlieb August Wilhelm Herrich-Schäffer in 1854.

## Species

* Patalene asychisaria (Walker, 1860)
* Patalene chaonia (Druce, 1887)
* Patalene dissimilis (Schaus, 1901)
* Patalene ephyrata (Guenée, [1858])
* Patalene epionata Guenée, 1857)
* Patalene falcularia Herrich-Schäffer, [1854]
* Patalene luciata (Stoll, [1790])
* Patalene olyzonaria (Walker, 1860)
* Patalene nicoaria (Walker, 1860)
* Patalene quatuormaculata (Verloren, 1837)
* Patalene trogonaria (Herrich-Schäffer, [1856])
* Patalene virgultaria (Felder & Rogenhofer, 1875)
# Lee Newman

Lee Newman (born 1 May 1973) is a Welsh male athlete who competes in the shot put and discus events. He has personal best distances of 18.85 metres and 60.48 metres respectively in these events. Newman was National Record Holder in the Discus for more than a decade.
Newman coached his then wife, Shelley Newman (nee Drew) to the Olympic Games in Discus in 2004.
After retiring from sports, Newman built a successful career in Private Equity running multi-national companies.

## Athletics career

Newman competed in the discus event at the 1998 Commonwealth Games in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia finishing 7th and competed in both the discus and shot put events at the 2002 Commonwealth Games in Manchester, England finishing 8th and 11th respectively.
He has won three bronze medals at British championships, two in the shot put in 1994 and 1999 and one in the discus in 1999.
# Bill Lauchlan

William Sinclair Lauchlan (or Laughlan, 10 May 1916 – 2009) was a Scottish communist activist.
Lauchlan was born in Irvine in May 1916 to James Lauchlan, a plasterer, and Catherine Sinclair. He was educated to secondary school level. A Plasterer to trade, Lauchlan joined the Independent Labour Party in Irvine, Ayrshire 1933, then in 1935 switched to the Communist Party of Great Britain (CPGB). He quickly rose to prominence, serving as Lanarkshire Organiser in the 1940s, then becoming Scottish District Secretary in about 1951, then in the 1960s served as National Organiser.
He was also active on Glasgow Trades Council, and in 1946 represented it at the Scottish Trades Union Congress.
Lauchlan stood for the CPGB in Glasgow Govan at the 1950 general election, then in West Fife in 1951, 1955, 1959 and 1964, although he was never elected. Following his retirement from being a full-time officer within the CPGB, Lauchlan returned to Glasgow in 1968 and worked for Scottish Homes in Glasgow and Edinburgh until his retirement in 1981. In retirement, he worked as a Volunteer with the Citizens Advice Bureau in Livingston, having moved to the New Town in West Lothian/Midlothian in 1972.
He was interviewed in May 2000 in Moffat, Dumfriesshire. Lauchlan died in Kelso in 2009 at the age of 93.
# Ligue trotskyste de France

The Ligue trotskyste de France is a French Trotskyist group. It is a section of the International Communist League (Fourth Internationalist) or "Spartacist" tendency.
The LTF was founded in the mid 1970s, reportedly after members of the Spartacist League (US) started proslytizating in France. The LTF campaigned against the Union of the Left during the 1978 French legislative election, considering the coalition a popular front. In the 1981 elections it offered the French Communist Party leader Georges Marchais "savagely critical support" if he ran against François Mitterrand. They later condemned him for keeping the PFC in the Union of the Left.
In 1980 the LTF launched a periodical, Le Bolchévik edited by William Cazenove. Through the 1980s the group continued to support the positions of the international Spartacist movement, i.e., opposition to Solidarity, support of the Soviet–Afghan War and opposition to Khomeini.
In the summer of 2017, the ICL (therefore the 'LTF' in France) questioned its past, believing that it had been, in the person of "a number of American cadres" penetrated by "the chauvinist Hydra" since 1974
# List of natural features on the Fraser River

This is a list of natural features on the Fraser River, including canyons, rapids, bars, named rocks and eddies and similar features. Important side canyons which figure on the river's landscape are also included (e.g. Churn Creek). Important confluences and manmade landmarks are included for reference.
* Grand Canyon of the Fraser (Robson Valley)
* confluence of Nechako River & City of Prince George
* Fort George Canyon
* Cottonwood Canyon
* Confluence of the Quesnel River & City of Quesnel
* Rich Bar
* Red Bluff
* Chimney Creek Canyon
* Soda Creek Canyon
* confluence of the Chilcotin River
* Churn Creek Canyon
* Big Bar
* Chisolm Canyon
* French Bar Canyon
* Watson Bar
* High Bar Canyon
* Moran Canyon (British Columbia)
* Pavilion Canyon (also refers to the adjacent canyon of lower Pavilion Creek)
* Glen Fraser Canyon
* Fountain Rapids (aka Upper Fountain Rapids, "the Upper Fountain")
* Fountain Canyon
* Mormon Bar/French Bar
* Bridge River Rapids (aka Lower Fountain Rapids, Six Mile Rapids, or "the Lower Fountain"
* Lillooet Canyon
* Canada Bar/Canada Flat
* Horsebeef Bar
* various named flats at Lillooet
* confluence of Cayoosh Creek/Seton River
* Seton Powerhouse
* Texas Bar
* Texas Flat
* the Big Slide
* Cameron Bar
* Foster Bar
* Spintlum's Flat
* confluence of Thompson River/Village of Lytton
* Cantilever Bar
* Van Winkle Bar
* Kanaka Bar
* Boston Bar
* Yankee Flat (North Bend)
* China Bar
* Hells Gate (and fishladders, suspension bridge)
* Dutchman Bar
* Alexandra Suspension Bridge/Kequaloose
* Alexandra Bridge
* Chapmans Bar
* Spuzzum
* Wellington Bar
* Saddle Rock
* Sailor Bar (officially Sailors Bar but known in the singular because of Sailor Bar Tunnel)
* Lady Franklin Rock, just above Yale
* Yale Bar
* Hills Bar
* Emory Bar
* Texas Bar
* Union Bar
* Cornish Bar
* Agassiz-Rosedale Bridge
* Maria Bar
* Sapperton Bar
* Steveston Bar, South Arm
# Behonne

Behonne (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Meuse department in the Grand Est region in northeastern France.
# West Augusta, Virginia

West Augusta is an unincorporated community in Augusta County, Virginia, United States. West Augusta is located at the intersection of U.S. Route 250 and Virginia State Route 629. The source of the Calfpasture River, which flows through West Augusta, is located near the community to the north.

## Climate

The climate in this area is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally mild to cool winters. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, West Augusta has a humid subtropical climate, abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps.
# Q and Z codes

Q and Z codes, also called Q and Z signals may refer to:
* Q code, 3-letter code beginning with Q and used by radiotelegraph and other radio services
* Z code, 3-letter code used in radio communications
# Let the Record Show

Let the Record Show may refer to:
* Let the Record Show: Dexys Do Irish and Country Soul, a 2016 album by Dexys (formerly Dexy's Midnight Runners)
* Let the Record Show: A Political History of ACT UP New York, 1987–1993, a 2021 non-fiction book by Sarah Schulman
# Pittsburgh Pirates (disambiguation)

The Pittsburgh Pirates are a Major League Baseball team.
Pittsburgh Pirates may also refer to:
* Pittsburgh Pirates (NBL), a professional basketball team 1937–1945
* Pittsburgh Pirates (NHL), a professional ice hockey team 1925–1930
* Pittsburgh Pirates (WPHL), a professional ice hockey team 1907–1908
* Pittsburgh Steelers, a professional American football team, known as the Pirates 1933–1940
Pittsburg Pirates may refer to:
* Pittsburg Pirates (minor league), an early-20th century minor league baseball team from Pittsburg, Kansas
* Pittsburg High School (California)
* Pittsburg High School (Texas)
# Gincrey

Gincrey (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Meuse department in Grand Est in north-eastern France.
# Malaprade reaction

In organic chemistry, the Malaprade reaction or Malaprade oxidation is a glycol cleavage reaction in which a vicinal diol is oxidized by periodic acid or a periodate salt to give the corresponding carbonyl functional groups. The reaction was first reported by Léon Malaprade in 1928. Amino alcohols are also cleaved.
In terms of mechanism, the reaction is thought to proceed by a cyclic diester of iodine(VII).