OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Radial chromatography

Radial chromatography is a form of chromatography, a preparatory technique for separating chemical mixtures. It can also be referred to as centrifugal thin-layer chromatography. It is a common technique for isolating compounds and can be compared to column chromatography as a similar process. A common device used for this technique is a Chromatotron.
Here the solvent travels from the center of the circular chromatography silica layered on a plate towards the periphery. The entire system is kept covered in order to prevent evaporation of solvent while developing a chromatogram.
The wick at the center of system drips solvent into the system which the provides the mobile phase and moves the sample radially to form the sample spots of different compounds as concentric rings.
Continuous annular chromatography uses a stationary phase which is filled into an annular gap. The eluent is continuously fed across the whole bed interface also the feed is continuously fed at the top of the stationary however only at a certain point and not a cross the whole bed. The stationary phase is then rotated with a certain rotation speed. The rotation speed, eluent and feed flow rates have to be defined precisely such that the collector vessels only collect the correct substance. The retention times are transformed into the respective retention angles.
# Midnight Passion

Midnight Passion may refer to:
* "Midnight Passion", the working title of "Moonlight Shadow", a song by British musician Mike Oldfield
* Midnight Passion, a 1991 album by Freddie Ravel
# Friedrich Albert von Zenker

Friedrich Albert von Zenker (13 March 1825 – 13 June 1898) was a German pathologist and physician, celebrated for his discovery of trichinosis.
He was born in Dresden, and was educated in Leipzig and Heidelberg. While in Leipzig, he worked for a while as an assistant to Justus Radius at the St. Georg Hospital. Attached to the city hospital of Dresden in 1851, he added, in 1855, the duties of professor of pathological anatomy and general pathology in the surgico-medical academy of that city. In 1862 he became professor of pathological anatomy and pharmacology at Erlangen. Three years afterwards he assumed with Hugo Wilhelm von Ziemssen the editorship of the "Deutsches Archiv für klinische Medizin". In 1895 he retired from active service.
Zenker's diverticulum, a false pathological diverticulum of the posterior pharyngeal wall, through the thyropharyngeus and cricopharyngeus parts of the inferior constrictor muscle, is named after him.
His important discovery of the danger of trichina dates from 1860. In that year he published "Ueber die Trichinenkrankheit des Menschen" (in volume xviii of VirchowsArchiv).
In 1865 he was awarded the Monthyon Prize by the French Academy of Sciences.
# Philondenx

Philondenx (Gascon: Hilhondé) is a commune in the Landes department in Nouvelle-Aquitaine in southwestern France.
# Lou Perazzoli

Lou Perazzoli is one of the initial architects for Windows NT made by Microsoft and later managed the core OS team for the first releases of Windows NT. He has a B.S in Mathematics and Computer Science (double major). He was one of the engineers which Dave Cutler took with him to Microsoft from Digital Equipment Corporation after the cancellation of the PRISM and MICA projects.
# Psilogramma surholti

Psilogramma surholti is a moth of the family Sphingidae. It is known from Vietnam.
# Gibberula evandroi

Gibberula evandroi is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk, in the family Cystiscidae.

## Distribution

This species occurs in Cape Verde.
# Prix France Culture/Télérama

The Prix France Culture/Télérama is a literary prize created in 2006 by the French radio station France Culture and the French magazine Télérama in order to honor an outstanding book at the start of the calendar year, which differentiates it from other famous French literary prizes such as the Prix Goncourt or the Prix Femina, which reward books appearing at the beginning of the academic year in September.
This award goes to a work of fiction written in French and published in January or February. The president of the jury presents the author with a sum of 5,000 euros at the Salon Livre Paris [fr].

## Winners

| Year | Author | Title | Publisher (x times) |
| 2006 | François Bégaudeau | Entre les murs | Éditions Verticales |
| 2007 | Régis Jauffret | Microfictions | Gallimard |
| 2008 | Véronique Ovaldé | Et mon cœur transparent | éditions de l'Olivier |
| 2009 | Antoine Bello | Les Éclaireurs | Gallimard |
| 2010 | Élisabeth Filhol | La Centrale | éditions P.O.L |
| 2011 | Nicolas Fargues | Tu verras | éditions P.O.L |
| 2012 | Alain-Julien Rudefoucauld | Le Dernier Contingent | éditions Tristram |
| 2013 | Frédéric Roux | Alias Ali | éditions Fayard |
| 2014 | Maylis de Kerangal | Réparer les vivants | Éditions Verticales |
| 2015 | Éric Reinhardt | L'Amour et les Forêts | Gallimard |
| 2016 (march) | Olivier Bourdeaut | En attendant Bojangles | éditions Finitude |
| 2016 (december) | Gaël Faye | Petit pays | éditions Grasset |
| 2017 | Léonor de Récondo | Point cardinal | Sabine Wespieser éditeur |
| 2018 | Pauline Delabroy-Allard | Ça raconte Sarah | Les Éditions de Minuit |
| 2019 | Emma Becker | La Maison | éditions Flammarion |
| 2020 | Lola Lafon | Chavirer | Actes Sud |
# Robert Wintgen

Robert Wintgen (13 June 1882 – 1966) was a German chemist. Wintgen studied at the University of Bonn and made his Ph.D with E. Rimbach at the University of Berlin.
After a post-doc position with Alfred Stock in Berlin between 1917 and 1919 he worked at the University of Göttingen together with Richard Adolf Zsigmondy. Influenced by this cooperation worked on colloids chemistry from that point on. Wintgen became professor at the newly founded University of Cologne in 1924 where he stayed until his retirement in 1950.
# Miftaahul Uloom Academy

Miftaahul Uloom Academy (translated: "The Key to Knowledge") is a private Islamic school in Union City, New Jersey. The schools serves students in Pre-School to 12th grade. The school has been accredited by AdvancEd since 2017.
As of the 2017–18 school year, the school had an enrollment of 152 students (plus 34 in PreK) and 22.9 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 6.6:1. The school's student body was 42.8% (65) Asian, 27.6% (42) White, 15.8% (24) Black, 13.2% (20) two or more races and 0.7% (1) Hispanic.

## History

The school was started in 1992 as a cooperative home-schooling center at a residential building in Guttenberg, New Jersey. In 1996, it received 501 (c) 3 status as a registered non-profit organization. In 2001 it moved to Union City, and in 2007 relocated to its current location at the corner of 15th Street and Bergenline Avenue.

## Extracurricular activities

In February 2011, a team of 11 students from Miftaahul Uloom Academy, under the supervision of coach Candice Elam, a social studies and religion teacher at the school, and coach Puya Nili, an attorney, took part in a competitive mock civil trial against students from three other Hudson County schools at the Justice William J. Brennan Jr. Courthouse. The academy made it to the semi-finals (having only made it to the quarter finals the previous year), and had faced Jersey City's McNair Academic High School earlier in the day, then faced off against Bayonne High School. Initially, the jury had granted them the win, but the Miftaahul Uloom team placed second, after the judge made the final decision in favor of Bayonne.
# French ship Trocadéro (1824)

The Trocadéro was a first-rate 118-gun ship of the line of the French Navy, of the Océan type, designed by Jacques-Noël Sané.
Ordered as Formidable, she was commissioned in Toulon as Trocadéro in 1824.
On 24 March 1836, as she was refitting in Toulon, she was accidentally set afire. The fire destroyed her.

## Citations

* ↑ Roche p.447
# Péyiri

Péyiri is a town in the Koudougou Department of Boulkiemdé Province in central Burkina Faso. The town has a population of 1,177.
# Ron Fisher

Ron Fisher may refer to:
* Ronald Fisher (1890–1962), English statistician, evolutionary biologist, eugenicist and geneticist
* Ron Fisher (politician) (born 1934), Canadian politician
* Ron Fisher (footballer) (1911–1993), Australian rules footballer
* Ron Fisher (tennis) in 1958 U.S. National Championships – Men's Singles
# Persinger, West Virginia

Persinger is an unincorporated community in Nicholas County, West Virginia, United States. Persinger is located on West Virginia Route 41, 6 miles (9.7 km) northeast of Summersville.
The community most likely was named after nearby Persinger Creek.
# Gibberula ficula

Gibberula ficula is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk, in the family Cystiscidae.

## Distribution

This species occurs in New Zealand Exclusive Economic Zone.
# Paradise Tour (disambiguation)

Paradise Tour is a 2013–14 concert tour by Lana Del Rey.
Paradise Tour may also refer to:
* Paradise Tour, a 1984–85 concert tour by Barry Manilow
* Paradise Tour (Cody Simpson), a 2013–14 concert tour
# List of Jordanian films of 2014

The Jordanian film industry produced over five feature films in 2014. This article fully lists all non-pornographic films, including short films, that had a release date in that year and which were at least partly made by Jordan. It does not include films first released in previous years that had release dates in 2014. Also included is an overview of the major events in Jordanian film, including film festivals and awards ceremonies, as well as lists of those films that have been particularly well received, both critically and financially.

## Major releases

| Opening | Opening | Title | Cast and Crew | Studio | Genre(s) |
| A U G U S T | 31 | The Cut | Director: Fatih Akın Cast: Tahar Rahim | | Drama |
| S E P T E M B E R | 4 | Theeb | Director: Naji Abu Nowar Cast: Jacir Eid Al-Hwietat | Film Movement | Drama |
| N O V E M B E R | 12 | Kajaki | Director: Paul Katis Cast: David Elliot | Alchemy Releasing | War Thriller |

## Minor releases

| Title | Director | Release Date | Genre |
| Born of War | Vicky Jewson | 1 February 2014 (Japan) | Action |
| The Savior | Robert Savo | 29 March 2014 (Israel) | Biography |
| Thunderlust (and the Middle Beast) | Steve Pratt | 4 May 2014 (USA) | Comedy |
| Undying Dreams | Ash Kohan | 1 April 2014 (USA) | Action |
# Local development order

In the United Kingdom, local development orders (LDOs) were introduced with the Planning and Compulsory Purchase Act 2004. They allow local authorities to extend permitted development rights for certain forms of development with regard to a relevant local development document.

## Development order

The Town and Country Planning Act 1990 states that
For example, this enabled the General Permitted Development Order 1995, allowing the SoS to set out what is 'permitted development'.
# Rome Locomotive Works

The New York Locomotive Works, sometimes known as the Rome Locomotive Works, was a nineteenth century builder of steam locomotive engines located at Rome, New York. The company was active under various ownerships in building steam locomotives from 1882 until 1911. The New York Locomotive Works should not be confused with the earlier Breese, Kneeland, and Company which traded under the same name in the 1850s. The company was organized in 1881 with T. G Noch, a prominent local businessman as president. J. A. Durgan, a well known designer of steam locomotives was appointed superintendent, a position he had previously held at the Rhode Island Locomotive Works. The company was an instant success, as railroads were expanding a feverish pace. NYLW offered a robust, no frills locomotive and was well connected with banking interests that allowed sales along the "Car Trust Plan" with payments out to ten years.

## Reorganizations

Business collapsed suddenly after the death of President Noch in 1890 and the financial panic of the early 1890s dried up new orders. The company shut down in June 1891 and was reorganized as the Rome Locomotive and Machine Company. The new company announced its focus would be rebuilding steam machinery and general shop work. Some compressed air locomotives were constructed by the new company but only two new steam locomotives were built after the reorganization, the last in 1911. RL&MC merged into the Rome Manufacturing Company in 1916. Rome Manufacturing built trolley cars, French designed automobiles and a line of heavy construction equipment including road graders and continued rebuilding steam locomotives into the 1920s.

## Production

Rome built 695 steam locomotives in a decade, a significant number in a highly competitive field, the seventeenth largest total among 19th century North American locomotive builders. Three NYLW locomotives survive. Northern Pacific 4-4-0 684 was built in 1884 and is preserved at Fargo, ND.
# French ship Turenne

Two ships of the French Navy have borne the name Turenne in honour of French military commander Henri de la Tour d'Auvergne, Vicomte de Turenne:
* Turenne (1854), a 100-gun ship of the line
* Turenne, a Bayard-class ironclad
# Pézarches

Pézarches (French pronunciation: ) is a commune in the Seine-et-Marne department in the Île-de-France region in north-central France.

## Demographics

Inhabitants are called Pézarchois.
# Louis Bauer

Louis Bauer may refer to:
* Louis Agricola Bauer (1865–1932), American geophysicist, astronomer and magnetician
* Louis H. Bauer (1888–1964), American doctor
# Psyb0t

Psyb0t or Network Bluepill is a computer worm discovered in January 2009. It is thought to be unique in that it can infect routers and high-speed modems.

## Progress

Psyb0t was first detected in January 2009 by Australian security researcher Terry Baume in a Netcomm NB5 ADSL router/modem. Then, in early March, it ran a DDoS attack against DroneBL (an IP blacklisting service). From this attack, DroneBL estimated that it had infected about 100,000 devices. This attack brought some public attention to it in later March which probably caused its operator to shut it down. Also DroneBL successfully attempted to bring its command-and-control and its DNS servers down.

## Description

Psyb0t targets modems and routers with little-endian MIPS processor running on Mipsel Linux firmware. It is a part of botnet operated by IRC command-and-control servers. After infecting, psyb0t blocks access to the router TCP ports 22, 23, 80.
Psyb0t contains many attack tools. It is known that it is able to perform network scan for vulnerable routers/modems, check for MySQL and phpMyAdmin vulnerabilities or perform website DoS attack.
There are two versions known. The first version 2.5L was affecting Netcomm NB5 ADSL router/modem. Newer version 2.9L now affects over 50 models by Linksys, Netgear and other vendors, including those running DD-WRT or OpenWrt firmware.

## Attack vectors and countermeasures

The primary attack vector is SSH or telnet access. Using brute-forcing, it tries to gain access from over 6000 usernames and 13000 passwords. However, 90% of infections are caused by insecure configuration, mostly no or default administration password and allowed remote administration. Recommended countermeasures are to change default access credentials to more secure ones and to update router/modem firmware. In case of infection suspicion, it is advised to perform hard reset of the router, and to not restore the router configuration from a backup.
# Bienek

Bienek is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Horst Bienek (1930–1990), German novelist and poet
* Lewis Bienek (born 1998), English rugby league footballer
# Panticosa-Los Lagos

Panticosa-Los Lagos, officially called Aramón Panticosa, is a ski resort situated near the town of Panticosa in the upper Tena Valley of the western Pyrenees (province of Huesca, Spain).

## The resort

It has 34 km of marked pistes, being one of the most familiar resorts of the Pyrenees. The highest point is Sabocos peak, 2200 m AMSL, with a vertical drop of 850 m.
The base of the resort is the town of Panticosa, which includes several hotels and apartments and is situated at 1350 m AMSL. From there a gondola lift provides the main access for the resort. The resort itself occupies two different high mountain valleys, defining two sectors: Petrosos and Sabocos. The upper Sabocos valley is accessed by a fast 4 seat chair lift.

### Lifts

Many of the resort's lifts are modern and of high capacity but some are obsolete though the resort is continuously improving them, the resort has:
* 1 gondola lift.
* 6 chair lifts.
* 5 ski tows.
* 3 magic carpet lifts.

### Pistes

The resort offers 38 pistes of different difficulties:
* 4 beginners.
* 14 easy.
* 16 intermediate.
* 4 expert.

### Services

* 1 restaurant.
* 1 skiing school.
* 1 snow gardens for children.
* 1 kindergarten
* 1 ski hiring stores.
# List of Jordanian detainees at Guantanamo Bay

The United States Department of Defense acknowledges holding eight Jordanian captives in Guantanamo. A total of 778 captives have been held in extrajudicial detention in the Guantanamo Bay detention camps, in Cuba since the camps opened on January 11, 2002 The camp population peaked in 2004 at approximately 660. Only nineteen new captives, all "high value detainees" have been transferred there since the United States Supreme Court's ruling in Rasul v. Bush. As of July 2012 the camp population was at approximately 170. This number had dropped to 40 by May 2018.
| isn | name | arrival date | transfer date | notes |
| 50 | Zaid Muhamamd Sa'id Al Husayn | 2002-01-17 | 2007-11-09 | |
| 169 | Ayman Mohammad Silman Al Amrani | 2002-02-13 | 2003-11-30 | |
| 589 | Khalid Mahomoud Abdul Wahab Al Asmr | 2002-07-15 | 2005-07-19 | NLEC |
| 651 | Usama Hassan Ahmend Abu Kabir | 2002-06-08 | 2007-11-02 | |
| 662 | Ahmed Hassan Jamil Suleyman | 2002-06-08 | 2007-11-02 | |
| 711 | Hassan Khalil Mohamoud Abdul Hamid | 2002-08-05 | 2003-11-18 | |
| 905 | Jamil al-Banna | 2003-02-07 | 2007-12-19 | |
| 1018 | Osam Abdul Rahan Ahmad | 2003-05-09 | 2004-03-31 | |
# Liverpool Everton by-election

Liverpool Everton by-election may refer to:
* Liverpool Everton by-election, 1892
* Liverpool Everton by-election, 1905
# On/Off (Run On EP)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
On/Off is an EP by Run On, released on June 6, 1995 through Matador Records.

## Track listing

All tracks are written by Run On

## Personnel
### Run On

* Rick Brown – drums, synthesizer, piano, vocals
* Sue Garner – guitar, bass guitar, vocals
* Alan Licht – guitar, bass guitar, harmonica, marimba
* David Newgarden – organ

### Production and additional personnel

* Greg Calbi – mastering
* Juan Garcia – engineering
* Gene Holder – production, recording
* Matthew J. Minehan – engineering
* Run On – production
* Jon Sowle – engineering
# Miguel Sáenz

Miguel Sáenz Sagaseta de Ilúrdoz (Larache, Spanish Morocco, 1932) is a Spanish translator.

## Biography

Born in colonial Morocco, he was son of a military officer. He studied German philology at the Complutense University of Madrid.
He specialized in translating German authors into Spanish: Bertolt Brecht, Günter Grass, W. G. Sebald, Thomas Bernhard (of whom he also wrote a biography). He has also translated from English: William Faulkner, Henry Roth, Salman Rushdie.
Since 1999 he is a member of the German Academy for Language and Poetry. In 2002 he was the first Spanish translator to receive an honoris causa diploma from the University of Salamanca. Sáenz was elected to seat b of the Real Academia Española on 22 November 2012, he took up his seat on 23 June 2013.

## Awards

* In 1991 he was awarded the Premio Nacional a la Obra de un Traductor.
* On 18 February 2019 he received the Medalla de Oro al Mérito en las Bellas Artes.
# La Bombonera (disambiguation)

La Bombonera most commonly refers to Estadio Alberto J. Armando, home stadium of Boca Juniors in Argentina. Other stadiums or articles referred to as La Bombonera include:
* Estadio La Bombonera (Montevideo), home stadium of Basáñez in Uruguay
* Ramón Sánchez Pizjuán Stadium, home stadium of Sevilla F.C. in Spain, colloquially called La Bombonera de Nervión
* La Bombonera (San Juan), restaurant founded in 1902 in San Juan, Puerto Rico
# Philonomon

Philonomon is a genus of dragonfly in family Libellulidae. It contains the following species:
* This article related to Libellulidae is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Louis Bastien

Louis Bastien may refer to:
* Louis Bastien (cyclist) (1881–1963), French cyclist won a gold medal at the 1900 Summer Olympics
* Louis Bastien (Esperantist) (1869–1961), French leader of the Esperanto movement
# London Pride (beer)

London Pride is the flagship beer of Fuller's Brewery. It is sold both cask-conditioned and bottled. It has been brewed at the Griffin Brewery since 1958.

## History

London Pride takes its name from a common name for the Saxifraga × urbium flower, in use by the 19th century. The flower provided shoots of recovery on the bombed sites left by the London Blitz of the early 1940s, and as such held symbolism for Londoners, celebrated in "London Pride", a patriotic song written in 1941 by Noël Coward.

## Awards

London Pride was named Champion Beer of Britain in the Best Bitter Class at the CAMRA awards in 1979 and 1995. It was named Supreme Champion at the 2000 International Beer and Cider competition.

## Characteristics

London Pride is known for its balance of malt and hops, giving rise to a well-rounded flavour. It is brewed with Pale malt, plus Target, Challenger and Northdown hops. In the UK, draught London Pride is brewed to 4.1% ABV (cask and keg), while in bottles and cans it has a strength of 4.7% ABV. Internationally, a keg version is often available at 4.7% ABV.
In February 2017, Fuller's launched London Pride Unfiltered - an unfiltered variant - which is brewed using the original recipe, then dry hopped with Target hops and centrifuged but not filtered or pasteurised.

## Marketing

The London Pride brand has been promoted with the slogan "Made of London". The brand has a social media presence across Facebook, Twitter and Instagram, with social-first campaigns such as "Tweet At 12", "Empty Pint" and "Drop Of Pride". London Pride sponsors initiatives and events including an annual 10 kilometre walk in aid of Cancer Research UK. Since 2007, it has been the official beer of the London Marathon. In 2018, Fullers London Pride became the official beer of Pride in London.
London Pride partnered with the weatherman Michael Fish to offer Twitter followers a free pint each time it rained in London in February 2017. The campaign was called "#Whenitrainsitpours".
London Pride also has a significant sponsorship presence in Rugby union in England. The beer has been the 'proud sponsors of Premiership rugby' since a deal was made between the two entities in 2021. They have also sponsored the British & Irish lions since 2021 and have sponsorship boards at many premiership rugby stadiums.