OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# OGLE-2005-BLG-071L

OGLE-2005-BLG-071L is a distant, magnitude 19.5 galactic bulge star located in the constellation Scorpius, approximately 11,000 light years away from the Solar System. The star is probably a red dwarf with a mass 43% of that of the Sun.

## Planetary system

In 2005 an exoplanet was discovered orbiting this star by the microlensing method, the second planet found by this method. The planet was later confirmed by the Keck telescope and its properties were refined.
The OGLE-2005-BLG-071L planetary system :
| Companion (in order from star) | Mass | Semimajor axis (AU) | Orbital period (days) | Eccentricity | Inclination | Radius |
| b | 3.8 $^{+0.3}$ $_{−0.4}$ or 3.4 ± 0.3 M$_J$ | 3.6 ± 0.2 or 2.1 ± 0.1 | — | — | — | — |
# Rhoiacarpos

Rhoiacarpos is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Santalaceae.
Its native range is Southern Africa.
Species:
# Berdan

Berdan can refer to:
* John Berdan, first mayor of Toledo, Ohio
* Berdan River, in Turkey
* Hiram Berdan (1824-1893), American marksman, engineer, and military officer
* Berdan's Sharpshooters, the 1st and 2nd United States Volunteer Sharpshooter Regiments raised by Hiram Berdan during the American Civil War and of which he was the commanding colonel of both
* Berdan Sharps rifle, the model of the Sharps military rifle used by Berdan's Sharpshooters
* Berdan rifle, any of several rifles developed by Hiram Berdan after the American Civil War, principally the Berdan II (M1870) rifle of .42 caliber that was the standard rifle of the Russian Army in the late 19th century
* Berdan primer
# Nečas

Nečas (masculine), Nečasová (feminine) is a Czech surname. Simplified form Necas. It may refer to:
* Jakub Nečas (born 1995), Czech footballer
* Jan Nečas (born 1977), Czech footballer
* Jaromír Nečas (1888–1945), Czech politician
* Martin Nečas (born 1999), Czech ice hockey player
* Otto Necas, Austrian footballer
* Petr Nečas (born 1964), Czech politician and former Prime Minister
* Radim Nečas (born 1969), Czech footballer
* Radim Nečas (footballer born 1988), Czech footballer
* Jana Nečasová (born 1964), former Czech politician and high civil servant
# 1951 Seychellois parliamentary election

Parliamentary elections were held in the Seychelles in 1951.

## Electoral system

The right to vote was granted to all citizens over the age of 21 who could write their name, paid income tax on an annual income of SR 3,000 or more, and could prove that they had lived in the Seychelles for at least a year. Only around 10% of the population were able to register.

## Results

All the seats were won by independents and members of the Seychelles Taxpayers and Producers Association, who primarily represented the interests of large landowners.
# Dedication (publishing)

A dedication or book dedication is the expression of friendly connection or thanks by the author towards another person. The dedication has its own place on the dedication page and is part of the front matter.

## History

Evidence of dedications is provided back into Classical antiquity. Besides the wish to express their gratitude towards a certain person, the authors often had also other reasons to dedicate their work to a particular person. Well into the 18th century, it was not usual for publishers to remunerate the authors; authors tended to be paid or remunerated as one element of a patron-client relationship, in which the author-client paid tribute, in the dedication, to his or her patron. A typical writer dedicated "their book to a high standing personality – to Fürsts or bishops – or to a city and tried to gain some money through this practice".
In many cases the petitioner was lucky and received a gift from the patron. In some cases, the writer groveled before the patron and a formal dedication "contained often a very elaborate and submissive affection". In some cases not only the authors tried to get some money, but also the printers tried through dedications to cover a part of their costs.

## Themes

A book dedication can provide a fascinating glimpse into the life and times of the author. For example, Lord Byron (1788–1824) engaged in a famous feud with Robert Southey, who was then England's Poet Laureate. Byron wrote a mocking 17-verse dedication to his epic poem Don Juan in which he savagely pilloried Southey as a dull, reactionary "warbler" who had abandoned his political principles for favor and financial reward.
Book dedications can reflect the tastes and mores of society. Whereas many Elizabethan dedications were erudite and witty, some modern authors have abandoned literary pretense, sometimes using profanity to shock or amuse their audiences.
Book dedications have also been used to make political statements, such as the condemnation of war and inequality. Author Toni Morrison dedicated Beloved, her 1987 Pulitzer Prize-winning novel about a fugitive slave who killed her own daughter, to "Sixty Million and more."

## Today

In newer books, the dedication is located on a "dedication page" on its own, usually on the recto page after the main title page inside the front matter. It can occupy one or multiple lines depending on its importance. It can also be "in a longer version as a dedication letter or dedication preface at the book's beginning".
Today, book dedications tend to be short, often thanking partners, family, friends or muses, in the form of a personal note. They are basically a means to express gratitude. Sometimes a book is dedicated to the memory of a loved one, or to a cause.

## Handwritten dedication

The dedication is not to be confounded with the handwritten dedication of a single copy: the presentation copy.
# Proletariatis Brdzola

Proletariatis Brdzola (Georgian პროლეტარიატის ბრძოლა, 'Struggle of the Proletariat') was an illegal Bolshevik newspaper. Proletariatis Brdzola was the organ of the Caucasian League of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party. It was founded in connection with the 1st congress of Caucasian League. The paper was the result of the fusion of two illegal publications, the Georgian Brdzola and the Armenian Proletariat.
Initially, the paper was printed at the clandestine printing shop 'Nina' in Baku. In September 1904 the printing was shifted to Tbilisi. Proletariatis Brdzola was published in Georgian, Armenian and Russian. The Georgian edition had a circulation of 1200-2500 copies, the Armenian edition 1000-1200 copies and the Russian edition around 1200-1500 copies.
Its editorial board included V. S. Bobrovsky, M. N. Davitashvili, Filipp Makharadze, Joseph Stalin, Alexander Tsulukidze, M. G. Tskhakaya and Stepan Shahumyan. The editorial board of Proletariatis Brdzola had contacts with the exiled Bolshevik leadership. It repeatedly published articles by Lenin and other material from publications such as Iskra, Vperod and Proletary. Proletariatis Brdzola was published between April–May 1903 and October 1905. In total twelve issues were published.
# Al-Juzjani

Al-Juzjani is a toponymic surname or nisba for people from Juzjan (or Guzgan). Notable people with the surname include:
* Abu 'Ubayd al-Juzjani (980–1037), physician and pupil of Ibn Sina
* Ibrahim ibn Ya'qub al-Juzajani (790–872), Islamic hadith scholar
* Minhaj-i Siraj Juzjani (born 1193), thirteenth-century chronicler of India under the Delhi Sultanate, writer of Tabaqat-i Nasiri
# Pygmy moray

Pygmy moray is a common name for several fishes and may refer to:
* Anarchias similis
* Gymnothorax robinsi
# OGLE-2006-BLG-109L

OGLE-2006-BLG-109L (where the last 'L' stands for lens) is a dim magnitude 17 M0V galactic bulge star approximately 4,920 light-years away in the constellation of Scorpius.

## Planetary system

In 2008, two extrasolar planets were discovered around the star using gravitational microlensing. The two planets are at a distance from their star that make them suspected analogs of Jupiter and Saturn.
The star is surrounded by a planetary system consisting of at least two planets: b with a mass of 0.727 of Jupiter and c with the mass of approximately 0.271 of Jupiter. Their mass ratios, distance ratios, and equilibrium temperatures are similar to those of Jupiter and Saturn in the Solar System as well as the 47 UMa system.
Both planets were discovered simultaneously by gravitational microlensing in a common effort by the Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment, microFUN, MOA, PLANET and RoboNet collaborations, as announced on 14 February 2008. This is the first planetary system where more than one planet was detected using gravitational microlensing.
The OGLE-2006-BLG-109L planetary system :
| Companion (in order from star) | Mass | Semimajor axis (AU) | Orbital period (days) | Eccentricity | Inclination | Radius |
| b | 0.727 ± 0.06 M$_J$ | 2.3 ± 0.5 | 1790 ± 548 | ? | — | — |
| c | 0.271 ± 0.022 M$_J$ | 4.5 ± 1 | 4931 ± 1750 | 0.15 ± 0.1 | — | — |
# Novameat

Novameat is a food tech startup that works with plant-based foods, including plant-based meat substitutes. According to El País, the company was responsible in 2018 for creating a meat substitute through 3D printing, whereby a plant-based paste was used with syringes placed in a 3D printer using AutoCAD software.

## History

Novameat was founded in 2018 by Giuseppe Scionti, a bioengineering researcher and entrepreneur. In September 2019, the company announced it had received funding from New Crop Capital, a private venture fund that has also invested in Beyond Meat, Memphis Meats, SuperMeat, Mosa Meat, Good Catch, Kite Hill and Zero Egg, among other companies developing plant-based and cell-based products. Also in 2019, Novameat was included in Peter Diamandis' article "The 5 Big Breakthroughs to Anticipate in 3D Printing".

## Approach

Novameat intents to provide the machinery to make the plant-based meat under a licensing agreement to other companies. Novameat uses 3D printing to produce meat substitutes made from plants.The company utilizes pea protein, beetroot juice, and other plant-based elements to create its 3D- printed steak. With industrial machinery, Novameat can produce 500 kg of plant-based whole cuts per hour. With only plant-based elements, Novameat aims to recreate the muscle fibers of animal meat.
# Rolls-Royce Twenty

The Rolls-Royce Twenty was Rolls-Royce's "small car" for the 1920s, produced from 1922 to 1929 alongside the 40/50 Silver Ghost and the successor to the 40/50, the Phantom. It was intended to appeal to owner-drivers but many were sold to customers with chauffeurs.

## Engineering

A new inline-6 cylinder overhead valve engine was designed for the car of 3127 cc with a bore of 76 mm and stroke of 114 mm. Unlike the Silver Ghost engine, the cylinders were cast in one block and the cylinder head was detachable. Both coil and magneto ignition were fitted. The early cars had 3-speed manual gearboxes with the change lever in the centre of the car, but this changed in 1925 to a four-speed unit with traditional right-hand change. The power was transmitted to the rear axle via a standard propeller shaft with a universal joint at each end.
The substantial chassis had rigid front and rear axles suspended by half-elliptic springs, with braking initially only on the rear wheels. Four-wheel brakes with mechanical servo were introduced in 1925. The famous Rolls-Royce radiator with triangular top was fitted, and early examples had enamel-finished horizontal slats, later changing to a nickel finish and finally becoming vertical.
In 1920 a chassis cost £1100 with, typically, a complete tourer-bodied car costing around £1600. With coachwork to the factory recommended weight the car could reach 60 mph (97 km/h), but many owners had large limousine bodies fitted, with the inevitable detrimental effect on performance.

## Bodywork

Only the chassis and mechanical parts were made by Rolls-Royce. The body was made and fitted by a coachbuilder selected by the owner. Some of the most famous coachbuilders who produced bodies for Rolls-Royce cars are Barker, Park Ward, Thrupp & Maberly, Mulliner and Hooper.
A torque tube is not used to transmit the power to the rear axle - this was the case with the 40/50 (Silver Ghost) chassis. In the case of the venerable 20 hp, the power was transmitted through the medium of a standard propeller shaft connected by a universal joint at each end.

## Movie appearances

The Battle of the Sexes (1959), The Abominable Dr. Phibes (1971), Candleshoe (1977), etc.
* Rolls-Royce Twenty 1924
* Rolls-Royce Twenty Landaulette 1925
* Rolls-Royce Twenty
* Rolls-Royce Twenty Drophead Coupé 1927
* Rolls-Royce Twenty Drophead Coupé 1927
* Rolls-Royce Twenty Drophead Coupé 1927
# Rõuge Valgjärv

Rõuge Valgjärv is a lake in Estonia's southeastern county of Võru, close to the border with Latvia.
# Noroeste de Minas (mesoregion)

Noroeste de Minas (transl. Northwestern Minas) is one of the twelve mesoregions of the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais. It is composed of 19 municipalities distributed across 2 microregions.
# Manaboda

Manaboda is a village in Sri Lanka. It is located within Central Province.
# Mangifera pajang

Mangifera pajang, commonly known as wild mango, is a species of tree in the family Anacardiaceae. It is endemic to Borneo, where it is known by the various native names: buah bambangan, buah mawang and buah embang.

## Description

It is a tall tree, which can grow up to 15 to 50 meters (50-164 feet) tall. The leaves are simple, oblong shaped (28 – 45 centimeters long and 10-15 centimeters wide) with petioles that are 5-7 centimeters long. The tree is not grown commercially and can be found in the forests in Sabah and Sarawak, Malaysia.
The flowers are elliptic-oblong and have 5 petals that are purplish-red on the inner surface and pinkish-white on the outside.
The fruit is a fleshly drupe of globose shape measuring 15–20 cm across and has a rough skin, which is 5-7 millimeters thick. The wild mango fruits are green when unripe and change to a brown color when ripe. The flesh is yellow, thick and very fibrous. Wild mango flesh is aromatic and tastes sweet and sour. The peel is very tough and has a corrosive latex layer. The latex is known to cause burns to lips and cause blisters.
# Rhadinaea montana

Rhadinaea montana, the Nuevo León graceful brown snake, is a species of snake in the family Colubridae. It is found in Mexico.
# Mandu River

The Mandu River is a Brazilian river in the state of Minas Gerais. Its source is located near Ouro Fino. The river passes through the municipalities of Ouro Fino, Borda da Mata, and Pouso Alegre. It discharges into the Sapucaí-Mirim River.
22°14′05″S 45°55′09″W﻿ / ﻿22.2348°S 45.9191°W﻿ / -22.2348; -45.9191
* This article related to a river in Minas Gerais is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# Pyractomena borealis

Pyractomena borealis commonly known as the Spring tree-top flasher is a species of firefly in the beetle family Lampyridae. It is found in North America, where it has a very wide distribution, as it is known from Alberta east to the Maritime Provinces of Canada, and south to all US states east of the Mississippi River.
# Rhonda Hatcher

Rhonda Lee Hatcher is an American mathematician whose research topics include analytic number theory and L-functions as well as topics in recreational mathematics. She is an emeritus associate professor of mathematics at Texas Christian University.

## Education and career

Hatcher graduated summa cum laude from the University of Colorado Boulder in 1980. She earned her Ph.D. in 1988 from Harvard University. Her dissertation, Heights and L-Series, was supervised by Benedict Gross. After completing her doctorate, she taught at St. Olaf College in Minnesota for three years before moving to Texas Christian.
At Texas Christian, Hatcher served as the Faculty Athletics Representative from 1999 until 2023. She has also represented the Big 12 Conference in the National Collegiate Athletic Association Committee on Academics. Within the committee, she took a minority position against a proposed rule change to allow students with high grade point averages to transfer to other schools and maintain their athletic eligibility, arguing that the rule would disproportionately penalize African-American students.

## Book

With George T. Gilbert, she is the author of Mathematics Beyond the Numbers (Wiley, 2000; 2nd ed., Kendall Hunt, 2012). This is a mathematics textbook designed for use in liberal arts education. It covers topics mathematics through their applications, including voting systems, apportionment, genetics, opinion polls, scheduling, and cryptography. Its mathematical topics include probability and statistics, graph theory and combinatorial geometry, and number theory.

## Recognition

In 1998, Hatcher won the Deborah and Franklin Haimo Award for Distinguished College or University Teaching of Mathematics. The award announcement cited her excellent mathematics teaching at Texas Christian, her work helping high school teachers prepare to teach AP Calculus, and her summer programs which attracted undergraduates from other parts of the country to work with her on number theory, group theory, and graph theory. Some of the research from this program ended up being published in professional journals.
# Ribeira de Nisa e Carreiras

Ribeira de Nisa e Carreiras is a civil parish in the municipality of Portalegre, Portugal. It was formed in 2013 by the merger of the former parishes Ribeira de Nisa and Carreiras. The population in 2011 was 1,949, in an area of 50.43 km$^2$.
# Ribeira de Calhau

Ribeira de Calhau is a settlement in the eastern part of the island of Sao Vicente, Cape Verde. It takes its name from the river Ribeira do Calhau, and comprises the villages of Madeiral, Ribeira de Calhau and Calhau. Madeiral and Ribeira de Calhau are located in the river valley, Calhau is on the east coast. In 2010 its population was 1,177. The valley is surrounded by the mountains Viana, Madeiral, Pico do Vento and Monte Verde.
The Cape Verde Atmospheric Observatory "Humberto Duarte Fonseca" is situated 1 km north of Calhau. It is part of a German-UK initiative to undertake long-term ground- and ocean-based observations in the tropical Eastern North Atlantic Ocean region.

## Climate

Calhau has a hot desert climate like most of the island. The average annual temperature is 22.6 °C. Average rainfall is 129 millimeters.
Climate data for Calhau, 86 metres ASL :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 23.0 (73.4) | 22.4 (72.3) | 23.2 (73.8) | 23.7 (74.7) | 24.1 (75.4) | 25.2 (77.4) | 26.7 (80.1) | 26.9 (80.4) | 26.3 (79.3) | 25.8 (78.4) | 25.8 (78.4) | 24.1 (75.4) | 24.8 (76.6) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 20.8 (69.4) | 20.5 (68.9) | 20.9 (69.6) | 21.3 (70.3) | 21.7 (71.1) | 23.0 (73.4) | 24.1 (75.4) | 24.7 (76.5) | 24.7 (76.5) | 24.3 (75.7) | 23.6 (74.5) | 22.1 (71.8) | 22.6 (72.7) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 18.7 (65.7) | 18.6 (65.5) | 18.7 (65.7) | 18.9 (66.0) | 19.4 (66.9) | 20.8 (69.4) | 21.5 (70.7) | 22.6 (72.7) | 23.2 (73.8) | 22.8 (73.0) | 21.5 (70.7) | 20.2 (68.4) | 20.6 (69.1) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 5 (0.2) | 1 (0.0) | 1 (0.0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 4 (0.2) | 19 (0.7) | 67 (2.6) | 17 (0.7) | 10 (0.4) | 5 (0.2) | 129 (5.1) |
| Source: ||||||||||||||

## Notable person

* Vasco Martins, singer and composer
# Pyrenecosa spinosa

Pyrenecosa spinosa is a wolf spider species found in Andorra.
# Pyrenecosa rupicola

Pyrenecosa rupicola is a wolf spider species found in France, Spain and Switzerland.
# Pyrrhus (Royer)

Pyrrhus is an opera by the French composer Joseph-Nicolas-Pancrace Royer, first performed at the Académie Royale de Musique (the Paris Opera) on 26 October 1730. It takes the form of a tragédie en musique in a prologue and five acts. The libretto, by Fermelhuis, is based on the Greek myth of Pyrrhus, son of Achilles.
The opera was revived at Versailles on 16 September 2012. The performance was recorded and subsequently released in 2014.

## Recording

* Pyrrhus, Alain Buet (Pyrrhus), Guillemette Laurens (Eriphile), Emmanuelle de Negri (Polixène), Jeffrey Thompson (Acamas), Orchestra and chorus of Les Enfants d'Apollon, conducted by Michael Greenberg (Alpha, 2014)

## Sources

* (in French) Libretto at "Livres baroques"
* (in French) Félix Clément and Pierre Larousse Dictionnaire des Opéras, Paris, 1881, page 559.
* This article about a French-language opera is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# List of presidents of the Parliament of Catalonia

This article lists the presidents of the Parliament of Catalonia, the presiding officers of the regional legislature of Catalonia.

## List

| No. | Name | Party | Took office | Left office |
| 1 | Lluís Companys | ERC | 14 December 1932 | 20 June 1933 |
| 2 | Joan Casanovas i Maristany | ERC | 20 June 1933 | 18 August 1938 |
| 3 | Josep Irla | ERC | 18 August 1938 | 15 October 1940 |
| 4 | Antoni Rovira i Virgili | ERC | 15 October 1940 | 5 December 1949 |
| 5 | Manuel Serra i Moret | Independent | 5 December 1949 | 7 August 1954 |
| 6 | Francesc Farreres i Duran | ERC | 7 August 1954 | 24 April 1980 |
| 7 | Heribert Barrera | ERC | 24 April 1980 | 18 June 1984 |
| 8 | Miquel Coll i Alentorn | UDC | 18 June 1984 | 4 July 1988 |
| 9 | Joaquim Xicoy i Bassegoda | UDC | 4 July 1988 | 30 November 1995 |
| 10 | Joan Reventós | PSC | 30 November 1995 | 29 November 1999 |
| 11 | Joan Rigol | UDC | 29 November 1999 | 17 December 2003 |
| 12 | Ernest Benach | ERC | 17 December 2003 | 16 December 2010 |
| 13 | Núria de Gispert | UDC | 16 December 2010 | 26 December 2015 |
| 14 | Carme Forcadell | ERC | 26 December 2015 | 17 January 2018 |
| 15 | Roger Torrent | ERC | 17 January 2018 | 12 March 2021 |
| 16 | Laura Borràs | Junts | 12 March 2021 | 1 June 2023 |
| 17 | Anna Erra | Junts | 9 June 2023 | 10 June 2024 |
| 18 | Josep Rull | Junts | 10 June 2024 | Incumbent |
# Pentacycle

A pentacycle ("hen and chickens" ) is a human-powered five-wheeled vehicle.

## Origin

The original pentacycle was designed and patented by the architect Edward Burstow in 1882. It had a large central wheel directly driven by pedals like a penny farthing bicycle, with a "bath-chair type handle", and four smaller wheels for stability. This arrangement led to it being referred to as the "hen and chickens" cycle, as it resembled a mother hen surrounded by her four chicks. It was trialled by rural postmen in Horsham and, although liked, the design was not widely adopted. There is a replica in the British Postal Museum.

## Modern-day interpretation

Modern day pentacycles do not often share the same layout as the original pentacycle, usually using various other wheel configurations.
A 2002 interpretation, specifically designed to use the disused Aérotrain monorail track near Orléans, is more accurately described as a tricycle; although it has five wheels, two are actually used for guidance and are placed on either side of the monorail support.
In 2012 Sajjad Moosa, a Pakistani art graduate, spent almost ₹150,000 (US$1,800) creating a 48 foot (15 m) long pentacycle using a single front wheel for steering, a middle pair of wheels for drive and another pair at the rear.
# Performance (White Denim album)

Professional ratings :
| Aggregate scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Metacritic | 80/100 |
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| Austin Chronicle | |
| Clash | 7/10 |
| DIY | |
| Exclaim! | 9/10 |
| Pitchfork | 6.5/10 |
| PopMatters | 8/10 |
Performance is the eighth studio album by American band White Denim. It was released on August 24, 2018, through City Slang.

## Accolades

| Publication | Accolade | Rank |
| Double J | Top 50 Albums of 2018 | 36 |
| Drift | Top 100 Albums of 2018 | 6 |
| Fopp | Top 100 Albums of 2018 | 30 |
| Piccadilly Records | Top 100 Albums of 2018 | 21 |
| Rough Trade | Top 100 Albums of 2018 | 75 |

## Charts

| Chart (2018) | Peak position |
| UK Albums (OCC) | 25 |