OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Problem of multiple generality

The problem of multiple generality names a failure in traditional logic to describe certain intuitively valid inferences. For example, it is intuitively clear that if:
    Some cat is feared by every mouse
then it follows logically that:
    All mice are afraid of at least one cat.
The syntax of traditional logic (TL) permits exactly four sentence types: "All As are Bs", "No As are Bs", "Some As are Bs" and "Some As are not Bs". Each type is a quantified sentence containing exactly one quantifier. Since the sentences above each contain two quantifiers ('some' and 'every' in the first sentence and 'all' and 'at least one' in the second sentence), they cannot be adequately represented in TL. The best TL can do is to incorporate the second quantifier from each sentence into the second term, thus rendering the artificial-sounding terms 'feared-by-every-mouse' and 'afraid-of-at-least-one-cat'. This in effect "buries" these quantifiers, which are essential to the inference's validity, within the hyphenated terms. Hence the sentence "Some cat is feared by every mouse" is allotted the same logical form as the sentence "Some cat is hungry". And so the logical form in TL is:
    Some As are Bs
    All Cs are Ds
which is clearly invalid.
The first logical calculus capable of dealing with such inferences was Gottlob Frege's Begriffsschrift (1879), the ancestor of modern predicate logic, which dealt with quantifiers by means of variable bindings. Modestly, Frege did not argue that his logic was more expressive than extant logical calculi, but commentators on Frege's logic regard this as one of his key achievements.
Using modern predicate calculus, we quickly discover that the statement is ambiguous.
    Some cat is feared by every mouse
could mean (Some cat is feared) by every mouse (paraphrasable as Every mouse fears some cat), i.e.
    For every mouse m, there exists a cat c, such that c is feared by m,
    $\forall m\,(\,{\text{Mouse}}(m)\rightarrow \exists c\,({\text{Cat}}(c)\land {\text{Fears}}(m,c))\,)$
in which case the conclusion is trivial.
But it could also mean Some cat is (feared by every mouse) (paraphrasable as There's a cat feared by all mice), i.e.
    There exists one cat c, such that for every mouse m, c is feared by m.
    $\exists c\,(\,{\text{Cat}}(c)\land \forall m\,({\text{Mouse}}(m)\rightarrow {\text{Fears}}(m,c))\,)$
This example illustrates the importance of specifying the scope of such quantifiers as for all and there exists.
# Wanxing Subdistrict

Wanxing Subdistrict (simplified Chinese: 万兴街道; traditional Chinese: 萬興街道; pinyin: Wànxìng Jiēdào) is a subdistrict situated within Nankai District, Tianjin, China. It borders Changhong Subdistrict to the northwest, Guangkai and Xingnan Subdistricts to the north, Nanyingmen Subdistrict to the east, Xuefu Subdistrict to the south, and Jialing Avenue Subdistrict to the west. It had 140,684 residents as of 2010.
Its name Wanxing (Chinese: 万兴; lit. 'Ten Thousand Prosper') is a combination of the first characters of Wandezhuang and Xingyeli, two former subdistricts within the region.

## Geography

Wanxing subdistrict is located on the west of Weijin River, and is bypassed by the Jin River on the west.

## History

Timetable of Wanxing Subdistrict :
| Year | Status | Belong to |
| 1954 - 1956 | Wandezhuang Subdistrict Xingyeli Subdistrict | 7th District, Tianjin |
| 1956 - 1958 | Wandezhuang Subdistrict Xingyeli Subdistrict | Nankai District, Tianjin |
| 1958 - 1960 | Wandezhuang Subdistrict | Nankai District, Tianjin |
| 1960 - 1962 | Wandezhuang People's Commune | Nankai District, Tianjin |
| 1962 - 1966 | Wandezhuang Subdistrict Xingyeli Subdistrict | Nankai District, Tianjin |
| 1966 - 1968 | Wandezhuang Subdistrict Xingyeli Subdistrict | Dongfanghong District, Tianjin |
| 1968 - 1978 | Xingyeli Subdistrict | Nankai District, Tianjin |
| 1978 - 1999 | Wandezhuang Subdistrict Xingyeli Subdistrict | Nankai District, Tianjin |
| 1999 - present | Wanxing Subdistrict | Nankai District, Tianjin |

## Administrative divisions

As of 2021, Wanxing Subdistrict was formed from 22 residential communities. They are, by the order of their Administrative Division Codes:
| Subdivision Names | Name Transliterations |
| 同富 | Tongfu |
| 长江里 | Changjiangli |
| 长宁里 | Changningli |
| 天环里 | Tianhuanli |
| 三潭西里 | Santan Xili |
| 华章里 | Huazhangli |
| 卧龙 | Wolong |
| 三潭东里 | Santan Dongli |
| 风荷园 | Fengheyuan |
| 金融街 | Jinrongjie |
| 兴泰路 | Xingtailu |
| 义兴里 | Yixingli |
| 南丰里 | Nanfengli |
| 龙井里 | Longjingli |
| 玉皇里 | Yuhuangli |
| 紫云里 | Ziyunli |
| 万德 | Wande |
| 双峰里 | Shuangfengli |
| 玉泉里 | Yuquanli |
| 佳音里 | Jiayinli |
| 天大北五村 | Tiandabei Wucun |
| 苏堤路 | Wudilu |

## Gallery

* Aerial view of Wanxing Subdistrict, 2012
* Pinglu Road, 2013
* Street view of Xihu Avenue, 2014
* Northern section of Baidi Road, 2014
# Euryphura chalcis

Euryphura chalcis, the common commander, is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is found in Senegal, Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo, Benin, Nigeria, Cameroon, Gabon, the Republic of the Congo, the Central African Republic, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Uganda, Kenya, Tanzania and Zambia. The habitat consists of forests.
Adults have been recorded feeding on Cleistopholis patens. It is thought the nectar in these flowers had fermented.
The larvae feed on Hugonia platysepala, Ventilago, Pterocarpus, Dalbergia, Cassia, Celtis, Hippocratea and Chrysophyllum species.

## Subspecies

* Euryphura chalcis chalcis (Senegal, Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo, Benin, Nigeria, Cameroon, Gabon, Congo, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of the Congo, western Uganda, north-western Tanzania, north-western Zambia)
* Euryphura chalcis kiellandi Hecq, 1990 (western Tanzania)
# Keleminovec

Keleminovec is a settlement (naselje) in the Sveti Ivan Zelina administrative territory of Zagreb County, Croatia. In 2011, it had a population of 116.
# Kylemore

Kylemore may refer to:
* Kylemore, Saskatchewan, in Canada
* Kylemore, Western Cape in South Africa
* Kylemore Abbey, a Benedictine monastery on the grounds of Kylemore Castle, in Connemara, County Galway, Ireland
* Kylemore College, a secondary school in Ballyfermot, Dublin, Ireland
# Working cow horse

Working cow horse or reined cow horse is a type of Western riding competition in which horse and rider are tested for ability to work cattle. It is organised by the National Reined Cow Horse Association in North America, and by the European Reined Cow Horse Association in Europe. Horses are judged on accuracy, timing, and responsiveness.

## Competition

Reined cow horse events which are "open" to all breeds and held by the National Reined Cow Horse Association (NRCHA). Working cow horse events are also held at breed specific shows, such as at an American Quarter Horse Association or Arabian Horse Association show, The general rules between various organizations are usually similar to the NRCHA in that the horse is required to perform two or three different sorts of work in one or two sessions. One session consists of reining work, where a reining pattern is performed. This is often referred to as the "dry work." The other is the cow work, where a single cow is released into the arena and the horse is asked to first hold the cow at one end of the arena (known as "boxing") then run the horse along the rail of the arena, turning it back without the aid of the fence (known as "fencing"). Lastly, the horse maneuvers the cow into the center of the arena and cause the cow to circle in a tight circle in each direction (known as "circling"). All this must be accomplished before the cow is exhausted. In three event competition, a "Herd Work" session is also included. The herd work is similar to cutting where a single cow is "cut" from a herd of cattle and prevented from returning to the herd by the intervention of the horse and rider. Herd work is most often included in three-year-old futurity and four- and five-year-old derby classes. Herd work is also included in a "Bridle Spectacular" class. (The Arabian Horse Association omits the reining work in its breed shows.) The horse is judged on the ability to control the cow, as well as speed, balance, responsiveness to the rider.
# Cobra (1991 film)

Cobra is a 1991 Pakistani Punjabi-language action thriller film directed by Shahid Rana and produced by Malik Saleem, starring Sultan Rahi, Gori, Ghulam Mohiuddin, Nadira, Abid Ali, Asif Khan and Humayun Qureshi. The film is a remake of 1978's Indian film Don, starring Amitabh Bachchan. Sultan Rahi portrays dual roles as Cobra and Stuntman Akbar Khan.

## Synopsis

Inspector Khan (Abid Ali) is in pursuit of crime boss Cobra (Sultan Rahi) and his gang. When Cobra gets killed in a police encounter, Inspector Khan trains his lookalike to pose as gang boss and help nab his gang.

## Cast

* Sultan Rahi as Cobra / Akbar Khan (double role)
* Gori as Maria
* Ghulam Mohiuddin as Inspector Arshad
* Nadira as Uzmaa
* Humayun Qureshi as Dr. Diyang
* Abid Ali as Inspector Khan
* Asif Khan as DIG Police / Chief
* Naghma as Akbar's mother
* Salma Agha as Singer Salma (Guest Appearance)

## Soundtrack

| Song | Singers | Time | Notes |
| "Chummi Leindi Aei Hawa" | Salma Agha | 5:01 | Popular song |
| "Kuri Saan Kuwari Lag Gayi Yaari" | Noor Jehan | 5:04 | Popular song |
| "Aa Gya Cobra" | Salma Agha | 5:41 | Popular song |
| "Tu Tay Meri Akhiyan Di Neend Churai" | Noor Jehan | 5:00 | Popular song |
| "Kagaz Kalam Leyaa" | | 4:06 | Popular song |
| "We Chutti Le Le Ek Din Di" | | 5:00 | Popular song |
# Libera (film)

Libera (also known as Free) is a 1993 Italian comedy film written and directed by Pappi Corsicato. It consists of three segments, the last of them ("Libera!") was originally a separate short film shot in 1991.

## Plot

Each episode is named after the protagonist.
In the first, Aurora, a young woman is married to a very rich man who is never at home and allows her to live comfortably as a "maintained". His only amusement is to help a local priest, singing and irreverent; but soon her husband is arrested for fraud and she, who had had to renounce true love to choose this type of life, will see the house robbed by her ex "Pistoletta", a bricklayer, to whom she had asked for help.
In the second, Carmela, an adolescent ephebic leaves the reformatory and returns to live with his mother in the lower area where he was born. He falls in love with the neighborhood cassette seller, arousing the ire of a girl who is in love with him, who will accuse him of theft in revenge and have him arrested again; shortly before the police arrive, he will discover that what he believed to be his mother is actually the father, a trans who had been abandoned by his wife when he was a baby.
In the third and final episode, Libera, a newsagent who lives from her modest job, discovers her husband's betrayals. With the help of a prostitute friend of hers who introduces him into the house as a maid, she films the cheating spouse with a hidden video camera with the intention of denouncing him. Except that, by mistake, she sells the videotape to a "voyeurist" client who, being satisfied with the film, asks her to get him other similar ones. Thanks to her husband's hot performances, punctually filmed and sold on newsstands, the newsagent becomes rich.

## Cast

* Iaia Forte as Aurora/Libera
* Cristina Donadio as Carmela/Aurora's Friend
* Ciro Piscopo as Sebastiano
* Enzo Moscato as Don Arcangelo
* Ninni Bruschetta as Pistoletta
* Vincenzo Peluso as The Compact Cassettes' Vendor
* Cinzia Mirabella as Miriam
* Tosca D'Aquino as Aurora's Friend

## Reception

The film premiered at the Forum section of the 43rd Berlin International Film Festival, receiving critical acclaim.
For this film Corsicato won the Nastro d'Argento for Best New Director.
# R583 road (Ireland)

The R583 road is a regional road in Ireland in County Cork. It runs southwest to northeast from Millstreet to the N72 national secondary road between Mallow and Killarney. The road is 9 km long.
# Piz Polaschin

Piz Polaschin (3,013 m) is a mountain of the Albula Alps, overlooking Silvaplana in the canton of Graubünden, Switzerland. It lies east of Piz Lagrev, on the range south of the Julier Pass.
# Kylemore, Saskatchewan

Kylemore is an unincorporated community in the Rural Municipality of Sasman No. 336, Saskatchewan, Canada. Listed as a designated place by Statistics Canada, the community had a population of 0 in the Canada 2016 Census. It was designated as an organized hamlet prior to 2018. The community is located 12 km east of Wadena, and approximately 250 km east of Saskatoon.
Canada's first aboriginal urban reserve was established here in 1981.

## History

Kylemore relinquished its organized hamlet designation on December 31, 2017.

## Demographics

In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Kylemore had a population of 5 living in 2 of its 2 total private dwellings, a change of inf% from its 2016 population of . With a land area of 0.25 km$^2$ (0.097 sq mi), it had a population density of 20.0/km$^2$ (51.8/sq mi) in 2021.
# Darunavir/cobicistat

Darunavir/cobicistat, sold under the brand names Prezcobix (US) and Rezolsta (EU), is a fixed-dose combination antiretroviral medication used to treat and prevent HIV/AIDS. It contains darunavir and cobicistat. Darunavir is an HIV protease inhibitor and cobicistat increases the effectiveness of darunavir by blocking its metabolism by the enzyme CYP3A.
Darunavir/cobicistat was approved for use in the European Union in November 2014, and for use in the United States in January 2015.
# Native ground

Native ground may also refer to:
* Native Ground, a 1979 poem by Robert Minhinnick
* On Native Ground: Memoirs and Impressions, an autobiography by Jim Barnes
* On Native Grounds, a 1942 literary work by Alfred Kazin
# Peter Miles (courtier)

Sir Peter Tremayne Miles KCVO (26 June 1924 – 15 October 2013) was a British Army officer, businessman and courtier in the Household of Elizabeth II.

## Biography

Miles was born in Long Ashton, Somerset, the son of Lt-Col Edward Miles MC and Mary Gibbs and a descendant of Philip John Miles. He was educated at Eton College before going to the Royal Military College, Sandhurst, from where he commissioned into the Royal Dragoons on 25 June 1944. He saw active service with the Royal Armoured Corps in the Second World War.
Between 1959 and 1980, Miles worked as the director of Gerrard and Reid Ltd. He subsequently joined the Royal Household, serving as Keeper of the Privy Purse, Treasurer to Elizabeth II and Receiver-General of the Duchy of Lancaster between 1981 and 1987. He was also Secretary of the Royal Victorian Order during the same period. He was appointed Knight Commander of the Royal Victorian Order in the 1986 New Year Honours. He was appointed an Extra Equerry to the Queen in 1988.
He married Philippa Helen Tremlett, daughter of Edmund Bernard Marcellin Tremlett, on 25 July 1956. Together they had three children.
# Combe Mill

Combe Mill is a historic sawmill adjacent to the River Evenlode and close to Combe railway station, between the villages of Combe and Long Hanborough in Oxfordshire, England. A Grade II* listed building, it was restored in the early 1970s and is open to the public.

## History

The mill was built in 1852 as the workshop for the Blenheim Palace Estate, replacing an early 17th-century flour mill sold to George Spencer, 4th Duke of Marlborough in 1766.
The mill was originally powered by a waterwheel. In 1886, a beam engine and Cornish boiler were installed to allow operation when the river's flow was low. The engine stopped working around 1922 and lay idle until its restoration. The wood waterwheel was replaced in 1934 with a metal one, and the shaft replaced by the present timber one. The waterwheel was the mill's principal source of power for about 40 years, except for a time during World War I when the government installed auxiliary stationary steam engines, and the mill was commandeered by the War Office to produce props and duck-boards for use in the battlefield trenches. In the 1950s, electric power was brought to the mill and the waterwheel became less important. When it ceased to be used in the mid-1960s, the leat was filled in and sluices buried.

### Restoration

In 1969, a working party from the City and County Museum (now the County Museum) at Woodstock surveyed the site and began negotiations with the Duke of Marlborough to restore the beam engine and boiler; and in September 1972, the engine was successfully steamed for the first time in sixty years. The Combe Mill Society was formed, and the mill opened to the public in 1975. Since then, other parts of the mill have been restored.
The mill still contains several historic trade catalogues from which hardware was once selected for use around the estate. It also has several day books from the mid-19th century, showing the names of workers and details of their earnings and day-to-day jobs.

## Access

The mill is open between March and October, and is in steam on the third Sunday of those months. Schools and community groups may book visits at any time. The mill has a working forge, where visitors have the opportunity to make their own fireplace pokers.
# Monument to Onésimo Redondo

The Monument to Onésimo Redondo (Spanish: Monumento a Onésimo Redondo) was an instance of public art in Valladolid. A memorial to Onésimo Redondo, a Fascist politician who died in the beginning of the Spanish Civil War—the so-called "Caudillo of Castile", as he came to be named by the Francoist regime—the monument was removed in February 2016 on the basis of the enforcing of the Historical Memory Law.

## History and description

The project was awarded to the architect Jesús Vaquero Martín and to the sculptor Manuel Ramos.
Erected on the top of the Cerro de San Cristóbal [es] —a small hill in the outskirts of Valladolid standing at about 843 metres above sea level— the monument was practically finished by October 1960. It was unveiled on 24 July 1961, the day marking the 25th anniversary of Redondo's death during a skirmish at the beginning of the Spanish Civil War, during a ceremony presided by Francisco Franco, also attended by José Solís Ruiz, Gabriel Arias-Salgado, Cirilo Cánovas García [es], José Antonio Girón de Velasco and Raimundo Fernández Cuesta, among others.
The bronze sculptural group presiding the ensemble and placed below a colossal 12-metre high yoke and arrows consisted of five 3.5 metre high statues: a peasant, a student, a worker, a fighter and Onésimo Redondo himself at the centre, pulling the fascist salute. The allegorical statues attempted to convey episodes of the life of Redondo, thus making a synthesis of his life.
The sculptures were put on an altar and sided by two groups of columns, standing at a maximum height of 31 metres.
Following the death of Franco, the monument was the target of vandalism and calls for its removal.
Dismantling works started on 1 February 2016.

## In popular culture

Shortly after the removal of the monument, a short-film titled Fachadolid—dealing with the event—was released.
# Keiko Iwasaka

Keiko Iwasaka (岩阪恵子, born June 17, 1946) is a Japanese novelist.

## Biography

Iwasaki was born in Nara or Osaka, Japan on June 17, 1946. She began writing poetry in high school, and began writing novels after graduating from Kwansei Gakuin University. She is married to Takayuki Kiyooka.
She won the Noma Literary Prize in 1986 for her novel Mimoza no Hayashi de (ミモザの林を). Her Gakka Koide Narashige no Shōzō (画家小出楢重の肖像) won the Hirabayashi Taiko Prize [ja] in 1992. Her 1994 Yodogawa ni Chikai Machi kara (淀川にちかい町から) won the Murasaki Shikibu Prize and the Geijutsu Senshō [ja]. She was awarded the 2000 Kawabata Yasunari Literary Award [ja] for her Ame nochi Ame? (雨のち雨？).
She also wrote two nonfiction works about the poets Shōhei Kiyama [ja] and Mokutarō Kinoshita. Reviewers wrote positively about both books.

## Selected works

* Mimoza no Hayashi de (ミモザの林を), 1986
* Gakka Koide Narashige no Shōzō (画家小出楢重の肖像), 1992
* Yodogawa ni Chikai Machi kara (淀川にちかい町から), 1994
* Ame nochi Ame? (雨のち雨？), 2000
# Freddy Vargas

Freddy Vargas can refer to:
* Freddy Vargas (cyclist)
* Freddy Vargas (Bolivian footballer)
* Freddy Vargas (Venezuelan footballer)
# Woy Woy Aerodrome

Woy Woy Aerodrome was an aerodrome constructed in 1942 as a dispersal ground and landing ground for the Fleet Air Arm of the Royal Navy at Woy Woy, New South Wales. The airfield was built as a satellite of RAAF Station Schofields.
The airfield ran north to south next to what is Trafalgar Avenue, Woy Woy and was constructed from compacted red gravel used as the runway surface. The red gravel can still be seen along the edge of the road surface.
The hangars and service area were located in what is now Alma Avenue, Woy Woy. The hangars are still in existence and are utilised as warehouses or industrial buildings.
The airfield was last used in 1946, the land subsequently developed for residential occupation.
An anti-aircraft battery protected the airfield which was located in Blackwall Mountain Reserve.
# Cochylidia moguntiana

Cochylidia moguntiana is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in Spain, Sweden, Denmark, Germany, Poland, Austria, Italy, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Croatia, Hungary, Romania, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Russia, Afghanistan, Kyrgyzstan, northern Pakistan, Iran, China (Anhui, Beijing, Fujian, Gansu, Guizhou, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hunan, Inner Mongolia, Liaoning, Ningxia, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Tianjin) and Korea.
The wingspan is 9–15 mm. Adults have been recorded on wing in July and August in Europe.
The larvae feed on Artemisia campestris. Larvae can be found in May and June.
# Glipa textilis

Glipa textilis is a species of beetle in the genus Glipa. It was described in 1855.
# Mineshi Kimura

Mineshi Kimura (木村 峰士, Kimura Mineshi) is a Japanese video game designer currently employed by Kojima Productions. He has worked on every console title in Hideo Kojima's Metal Gear series and made his directorial debut with Metal Gear Rising: Revengeance. Kimura was the director of the original prequel version of the game, Metal Gear Solid: Rising, before it was cancelled and turned into a sequel to Metal Gear Solid 4: Guns of the Patriots.

## Works

* Metal Gear Solid (1998) - Modeler, Texture Artist
* Metal Gear Solid 2: Sons of Liberty (2001) - Mechanical Art Director
* Metal Gear Solid: The Twin Snakes (2004) - Mechanical Model Supervisor
* Metal Gear Solid 3: Snake Eater (2004) - Lead Background Artist
* Metal Gear Solid 4: Guns of the Patriots (2008) - Lead Background Artist
* Metal Gear Rising: Revengeance (2013) - CG Director
* Metal Gear Solid V: Ground Zeroes (2014) - Lead Environment Artist, Artwork
* Metal Gear Solid V: The Phantom Pain (2015) - Lead Environment Artist
* Metal Gear Survive (2018) - Art Manager
# Ernest Thomas

Ernest Thomas may refer to:
* Ernest Lee Thomas (born 1949), American actor
* Ernest Thomas (Groveland Four) of the "Groveland Four" who were accused of rape in 1949
* Ernest Ivy Thomas Jr. (1924–1945), U.S. Marine, recipient of the Navy Cross