OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Fern Township, Hubbard County, Minnesota

Fern Township is a township in Hubbard County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 209 at the 2000 census. Fern Township was named for Fern Smith, the daughter of Seth Smith, an early homesteader.

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the township has a total area of 36.2 square miles (94 km$^2$), of which 35.5 square miles (92 km$^2$) is land and 0.7 square miles (1.8 km$^2$) (1.88%) is water.

## Township history

The township of Fern was surveyed in 1879 and organized jointly with Lake Hattie Township on August 6, 1898. The first homesteaders in the township were Seth Smith in May 1896 and Lars Lind, who filed in the fall of 1896. The Becida store and post office was established in 1899 and operated by Christen A. Olson and Even K. Nyhus. Olson and Nyhus were brothers-in-law, their wives being sisters Christi and Anna Haugan.
The original school opened in 1899, with Cora Crawford the first teacher, who went on to become Hubbard County superintendent of schools. Brothers Even K. and Knute Nyhus each gave an acre of farmland for the Fern Township Cemetery.
The first officials of Fern Township included:
* E.O. Howe; Clerk
* Lars Lind; Treasurer
* Christen A. Olson and Seth Smith; Justices of the peace
* Seth Smith and Louis E. Hanson; Constables
* Christen A. Olson; Postmaster

## Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 209 people, 79 households, and 54 families residing in the township. The population density was 5.9 inhabitants per square mile (2.3/km$^2$). There were 109 housing units at an average density of 3.1 per square mile (1.2/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the township was 99.04% White and 0.96% Native American.
There were 79 households, out of which 34.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 58.2% were married couples living together, 7.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.4% were non-families. 21.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 5.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.65 and the average family size was 3.20.
In the township the population was spread out, with 26.8% under the age of 18, 9.1% from 18 to 24, 31.1% from 25 to 44, 26.3% from 45 to 64, and 6.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 106.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 104.0 males.
The median income for a household in the township was $41,000, and the median income for a family was $43,333. Males had a median income of $32,083 versus $21,406 for females. The per capita income for the township was $14,764. About 3.3% of families and 5.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including none of those under the age of eighteen or sixty five or over.
# Pliomelaena stevensoni

Pliomelaena stevensoni is a species of tephritid or fruit flies in the genus Pliomelaena of the family Tephritidae.

## Distribution

Kenya, Zimbabwe, South Africa.
# Eenie Meenie Records

Eenie Meenie Records (stylized as eenie meenie records) is a Los Angeles–based independent record label.

## Information

Eenie Meenie Records was founded in 1999 by Reiko Kondo and specializes in signing indie pop, indie rock and electronica artists. Notably, the label has also released albums from side bands of The Apples in Stereo members; 010 by Ulysses (Robert Schneider) and Songs About the Ocean by The High Water Marks (Hilarie Sidney).
In 2005, a charity album entitled Dimension Mix was released as a tribute to electronic music pioneer Bruce Haack with the profits donated to Cure Autism Now.

## Artists

* Blue-Eyed Son
* Division Day
* DJ Me DJ You
* Faraway Places
* From Bubblegum to Sky
* Goldenboy
* Great Northern
* The High Water Marks
* Hockey Night
* Irving
* Old Monk
* Oranger
* Pine*AM
* Scissors for Lefty
* Seksu Roba
* Space Needle
* Troubled Hubble
* Ulysses
* Wallpaper
# Rashid Mokhrani

Rashid Mokhrani (born 7 June 1960) is an Algerian handball player. He competed at the 1980 Summer Olympics and the 1984 Summer Olympics.
# Kim Brown

Kim Brown may refer to:
* Kim Brown (The Unit), a fictional character on the CBS television series The Unit
* Kim Brown (musician) (1945–2011), British-born Finland-based musician with The Renegades
* Kimberly J. Brown (born 1984), American actress
# Kudair mandal

Kudair mandal is one of the 31 mandals in Anantapur district of the state of Andhra Pradesh in India. It is under the administration of Anantapuramu revenue division and the headquarters are located at Kudair village.

## Demographics

As of the 2011 Census of India, Kudair mandal comprises 9,272 households. The total population is 38,312, with 19,470 males and 18,842 females. The child population is 4,404. Scheduled Castes constitute 6,994 of the population, while Scheduled Tribes account for 2,061 individuals. The number of literate individuals stands at 20,233. The workforce in Kudair mandal includes 18,079 workers.

## Villages

List of villages/settlements in Kudair mandal
* Brahmanapalle
* Cholasamudram
* Gotukur
* Ipperu
* Jayapuram
* Kalagalla
* Kamuru
* Korrakodu
* Kudair
* Marutla
* Mavinamardhanahalli
* Thimmapuram
* Udiripikonda
# Vinax

Vinax is a commune in the Charente-Maritime department in southwestern France.
# Pyropteron cirgisum

Pyropteron cirgisum is a moth of the family Sesiidae. It is found in scattered localities in Romania Ukraine, Russia, Azerbaijan, Turkey, Turkmenistan and Kazakhstan.
The larvae feed on Limonium species, including Limonium gmelini and Limonium iconicum.
# Vinay

Vinay is an Indian name typically meaning guidance, good behaviour, genuinity, politeness, modesty and smart in Sanskrit. It has its origins in the Sanskrit language origin. Most Indian languages spell and pronounce the name as is in Sanskrit but in a few other languages such as Bengali and Odiya, changes either in spelling or pronunciation or both occur. For example, it may be used as, Binay in Bengali-speaking and Odia- speaking regions. Feminine form of the name is Vinaya or Vinayaa. Binay is also a surname popular in Philippines.
Vinay may refer to:

## People
### Academics

* Vinay V. Deodhar, a professor of mathematics at Indiana University
* Vinay Kumar (pathologist), Professor of Pathology at the University of Chicago
* Vinay Kumar Pathak, Indian academic
* Vinay Lal, Indian historian

### Arts and entertainment

* Vinay Anand, Indian actor
* Vinay Apte, Indian actor
* Vinay Chandra Maudgalya, Indian classical musician
* Vinay Forrt, Indian actor
* Vinay Govind, Indian film director
* Vinay Pathak, Indian actor
* Vinay Rai, Indian actor
* Vinay Rajkumar, Indian actor
* Vinay Rohrra, Indian actor
* Vinay Saynekar, Indian type designer, calligrapher
* Vinay Shukla, Indian film writer and director
* Winai Kraibutr, Thai actor

### Business

* Vinay Maloo, Indian businessman, chairman of Enso Group
* Vinay Nair, American investor
* Vinay Nadkarni, Indian banker

### Politics and government

* Vinay Bhaskar, Indian politician
* Vinay Katiyar, Indian politician
* Vinay Kore, Indian politician
* Vinay Kumar Pandey, Indian politician
* Vinay Kumar Sorake, Indian politician
* Vinay Sahasrabuddhe, Indian politician
* Winai Senniam, Thai politician

### Science and technology

* Vinay Prasad, American hematologist-oncologist
* Winai Dahlan, Thai Scientist

### Sports

* Vinay Bhat, American chess Grandmaster
* Vinay Kumar, Indian cricketer
* Vinay Singh, Indian footballer

## Others

* 21644 Vinay, a main belt asteroid with an orbital period of 1370.4239593 days (3.75 years)
* Jean-Baptiste-Maximien Parchappe de Vinay, French psychiatrist
* Ranvir Vinay Aur Kaun?, Indian Hindi talk show
* Vinay, Isère, commune in the Isère department in southeastern France
* Vinay, Marne, commune in the Marne department in north-eastern France
* All pages with titles containing Vinay
# Pyropteron hispanicum

Pyropteron hispanicum is a moth of the family Sesiidae. It is found in southern France, Spain and Portugal (Algarve).
The larvae feed on the roots of Rumex scutatus and Rumex induratus.
# Molly Reynolds

Molly Reynolds may refer to:
* Molly Reynolds (director), screenwriter and director of Australian films.
* List of EastEnders characters (2009)#Molly Reynolds, character in the UK series EastEnders.
# Mohammed al-Habib al-Fourkani

Mohammed al-Habib al-Fourkani (1922 in Tahannaout – 2008) was a Moroccan writer, historian and politician who played an important role during the struggle for independence.

## Works

* Attaoura al khamissa (The fifth revolution)
* Noujoum fi Yadi (stars between my hands)
* Doukhane min Al-Azmina Al-Mohtariqa (smoke of glowing times).
* Al maghrib fi azamatihi atalat (Morocco and its three crises)
# Q-pit

Q-pits are kiln sites which were dug for the production of white coal prior to the Industrial Revolution when white coal was largely superseded by the use of coke.

## Purpose

The white coal produced in Q-pits was largely used in the smelting of lead from about 1550 to 1750, when a process was discovered that used coal. The large sections of white coal had previously been mixed with charcoal to give the right temperature, as charcoal alone was too hot and would have volatilised the lead. Some evidence exists to suggest that some had a secondary use in the charking of coal into coke.

## Location

Many Q-pits were located in deciduous woodlands and as such they are an important landscape feature indicating both previous industrial activity and the presence of a woodland at the site or nearby. The pits are often found in association with saw pits.

## Construction

The pits were created by removing soil to create a depression about 12–13 feet (4m) in diameter, breached by a 'spout' and thus forming a 'Q' shape. The pits were dug from the end of the Middle Ages up to around 1760, the start of the Industrial Revolution. Potash pits were of a similar shape and size, however, they were used to make potash for use in coursing or degreasing wool and were once found in sheep rearing areas.

## Geographical location

The pits are a common feature in lead mining districts such as the Leadhills in Scotland and East Derbyshire. Due to their small size, they are not likely to be confused with quarries, although bomb craters from World War II can occasionally lead the landscape historian astray.
In 2007 an isolated example was identified and excavated in Westbury-sub-Mendip near the lead smelting areas on the Mendip Hills in Somerset. Over 200 such pits have been surveyed in Ecclesall Woods, Sheffield.
# Eerste Klasse (women)

The Eerste Klasse is an association football league for women in the Netherlands. Clubs relegate to this league from the Hoofdklasse and promote to the Eerste Klasse from the Tweede Klasse.
The Eerste Klasse is divided into a Saturday and a Sunday competition:

## Eerste Klasse Saturday

* Group A: 12 clubs
* Group B: 12 clubs

## Eerste Klasse Sunday

* Group C: 12 clubs
* Group D: 12 clubs
* This article about a Dutch football competition is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Qarasuqumlaq

Qarasuqumlaq (also, Qarasugumlag, Karasukumlak and Karasu-Kumlakh) is a village and municipality in the Agdash Rayon of Azerbaijan. It has a population of 652.
# Colding

Colding can refer to any of the following Danish people:
* Aage Colding [da], Danish actor
* Henrik Colding-Jørgensen, contemporary Danish composer
* Ludwig A. Colding, Danish civil engineer and physicist
* Søren Colding, Danish football player
* Tobias Colding, Danish mathematician
# Coremia (beetle)

Coremia is a genus of beetles in the family Cerambycidae, containing the following species:
* Coremia plumipes (Pallas, 1772)
* Coremia signaticollis Buquet in Guérin-Méneville, 1844
# Prey (2009 film)

Prey is a 2009 Australian supernatural horror film directed by George T. Miller (though credited to Oscar D'Roccster), written by Miller and starring former Neighbours actress and Rogue Traders lead singer Natalie Bassingthwaighte, and American Jesse Johnson.
The film is the last directed by Miller before his death in February 2023.

## Plot summary

In April 1987, two North Americans disappeared in the West Australian desert on a 4WD holiday. They were never seen alive again. Their abandoned vehicles and unused supplies were found in sand dunes near an Aboriginal sacred site less than an hour away from the closest town. Two years later, in May 1989, the two men were both found dead of natural causes, on the same day, 1,000 miles apart back in North America.
Twenty years after the original incident, 3 couples who set out on a surfing trip are lured into the same desert area, by a strange local whose master needs fresh victims to consume. Preconceived assumptions about friendship, undiscovered sexual liaisons, and false leadership come apart as the three couples realize that the vacation is over.

## Cast

* Natalie Bassingthwaighte as Kate
* Jesse Johnson as Gus
* Natalie Walker as Ling
* Ben Kermode as Matt
* Christian Clark as Jason
* Kristin Sargent as Annika
* Nicholas Bell
* Pamela Shaw as Morgan Weismann
* Joe Hachem as Motel Operator
* Geire Kami as Patient
* Jennifer Hansen as Waitress
* Suhayb Lahdo as The Man
* Dawn Klingberg as Kora
* Stephen Beck as Pianist
* Jacqueline Steward as Confused Girl
* Zachary Schaefer as Bemused Pedestrian
* Taylor Johnson as Internet Enthusiast

## Production

The outback had to be re-created in a Melbourne warehouse to save filming costs. In addition to a perforated eardrum which caused filming dates to be rescheduled, lead star Natalie Bassingthwaighte injured her ankle twice during filming, causing hassles regarding the physicality of her role. There was friction between the producers and director George T. Miller due to last minute script changes by Miller. Also, investor issues plagued the shoot and at one point the line-producers were hinting they were ready to walk. Bassingthwaighte was used in a lesbian shower that raised great controversy, but eventually made it to the final release.

## Release

The film premiered on 5 May 2009 in Sydney and Melbourne, and was given a theatrical release on 9 May 2009 in Australia.

### DVD release

The film was scheduled to have a U.S. DVD release on 13 July 2010 from Xenon Pictures under the new title "The Outback" or "Dreamtime's Over."
# Eger's long-fingered bat

Eger's long-fingered bat (Miniopterus egeri) is a species of long-fingered bat found in Madagascar.

## Taxonomy

Eger's long-fingered bat was described as a new species in 2011 by Goodman et al. The eponym for the species name "egeri" is Judith Eger, Senior Curator of Royal Ontario Museum's Department of Mammalogy.

## Description

Eger's long-fingered bat is a relatively small member of its genus with a forearm length of 37–40 mm (1.5–1.6 in). Individuals weigh 4.2–7.6 g (0.15–0.27 oz). It has a dental formula of 2.1.2.33.1.3.3 for a total of 36 teeth.

## Range and status

Eger's long-fingered bat is endemic to Madagascar. It has been documented at a range of elevations, from 5–1,300 m (16–4,265 ft) above sea level. As of 2017, it is evaluated as a least-concern species by the IUCN.
# Eger-Yurd

Eger-Yurd was a village in the Kalbajar District of Azerbaijan.
This village came under the occupation of the self-proclaimed Nagorno-Karabakh Republic during the First Nagorno-Karabakh War. It was returned to Azerbaijan on 25 November 2020 per the 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh ceasefire agreement.
# Rat Cage Records

Rat Cage was an independent record label from New York City. Rat Cage was founded by Donna Lee Parsons. It was run out of a record shop of the same name.
The Beastie Boys worked with until they switched to Def Jam in 1984. Most notably, the Beastie Boys' debut EP Polly Wog Stew was released on the label.
Rat Cage discography:
* CT-001 Crucial T. - Darkened Days (7", EP)
* MOTR 21 Beastie Boys - Polly Wog Stew EP (7")
* MOTR 21C Beastie Boys - Polly Wog Stew EP (Cass)
* MOTR 21CD Beastie Boys - Polly Wog Stew EP (CD)
* MOTR 21T Beastie Boys - Polly Wog Stew EP (12")
* MOTR 24 The Young And The Useless - Real Men Don't Floss (7", EP)
* MOTR 25 Neos - Hassibah Gets The Martian Brain Squeeze (7", EP)
* MOTR 26 Beastie Boys - Cooky Puss (12", EP)
* MOTR 26 CD Beastie Boys - Cooky Puss (CD, Maxi)
* MOTR 27 Heart Attack - Subliminal Seduction (12", EP)
* MOTR 28 Rattus - Rattus (LP, Album)
* MOTR 29 Agnostic Front - Victim In Pain (LP, Album)
* MOTR 29C Agnostic Front - Victim In Pain (Cass)
* MOTR 31 Virus - Dark Ages (12", EP)
# Prince Bright

Prince Bright, also known as Bling Sparkles, is a Ghanaian hiplife musician. He is the sole surviving member of the Buk Bak music group after the demise of his partner Ronny Coaches.

## Education

Prince started his primary education at Kings College in Kokomlemle, continued to City Secondary Business College before moving to Accra Technical Training Centre in Accra to study Graphics and Design, where he met Ronny.

## Personal life

In May 2016, Prince married his longtime girlfriend in a private Ghanaian traditional ceremony in Bronx NY. It was rumored in 2017 that he and former member of VIP Promzy might be teaming up to form a new group.
# Ecological self

In environmental philosophy, ecological self is central to the school of Experiential Deep Ecology, which, based on the work of Norwegian philosopher Arne Næss, argues that through the process of self-actualisation, one transcends the notions of the individuated "egoic" self and arrives at a position of an ecological self. So long as one is working within the narrower concept of self, Næss argues, environmentally responsible behaviour is a form of altruism, a "doing good for the other", which historically has been a precarious ethical basis, usually involved in exhorting others to "be good". Næss argues that in his Ecosophy, the enlargement of the ego-self to the eco-self results in environmentally responsible behaviour as a form of self-interest.
Warwick Fox argued that Næss's philosophy was based upon a variety of "transpersonal ecology" in which self-interest was firmly embedded within the interest of the ecommunity ecosphere of which the self was eternally embedded
As deep ecologist John Seed has stated, "Deep ecology critiques the idea that we are the crown of creation, the measure of all being: that the world is a pyramid with humanity rightly on top, merely a resource, and that nature has instrumental value only". The concept of the Ecological Self goes beyond anthropocentrism, which, by contrast locates human concerns as the exclusive source of all value. It draws upon the Land Ethic of Aldo Leopold. Leopold argued that within conventional ethics, the land itself was considered only as property, occupying a role analogous to slavery in earlier societies that permitted the ownership of people. By comparison a land ethic enlarges the boundary of moral concern to include "soils, waters, plants, and animals, or collectively: the land". The basis of such a non-anthropocentric ethic, according to Leopold was that "A thing is right when it tends to preserve the integrity, stability, and beauty of the biotic community. It is wrong when it tends otherwise."
Like Thomas Berry and Brian Swimme, ecological philosopher Freya Mathews argues that in considering the ecological self, we need to look beyond the present to the "deep time" of ages past, in the evolution of life and the creation of the cosmos, in order to consider the real roots of human consciousness. Experiential deep ecologist Joanna Macy speaks of the Ecological Self in her book "World as Lover, World as Self", and uses the concept in her work on "Deep Time".
# Leland Purvis

Leland Purvis is a comic book writer and artist, best known for his black and white series Vóx and Pubo.

## Awards

Purvis was nominated for the 2004 Ignatz Award for Promising New Talent for his work on Suspended in Language. He was also the recipient of a 2000 Xeric Foundation grant to support the creation of Vóx.
# Goubau line

A Goubau line or Sommerfeld–Goubau line, or G-line for short, is a single-wire transmission line used to conduct radio waves at UHF and microwave frequencies. The dielectric coated transmission line was invented by F. Harms in 1907 and George J. E. Goubau in 1950, based on work on surface waves on wires from 1899 by Arnold Sommerfeld. It is used as a feedline at UHF to link high frequency transmitters and receivers to their antennas, and in scientific research.

## Description

The Goubau line itself consists of a single wire conductor coated with dielectric material. Coupling to and from the G-line is done with conical metal "launchers" or "catchers", with their narrow ends connected for example to the shield of coaxial feed line, and with the transmission line passing through a hole in the conical tips. An advantage of the Goubau line is that it can have lower attenuation due to dielectric losses at high frequencies than other types of transmission line. Parallel line (twin lead) and coaxial cable, which are used to carry lower frequency radio signals, have high losses at the upper end of the UHF band, and are almost useless for distances over 100 feet (33 meters). Goubau lines can serve as low loss antenna feedlines at these frequencies, up to microwave frequencies where a waveguide must be used."
A G-line is a type of waveguide, rather than a wire in an electric circuit. The G-line functions by slowing the propagation velocity of EM waves below the free-space velocity, causing the wavefronts to slightly bend inwards towards the conductor, which keeps the waves entrained. Bends of large radius are tolerated, but too sharp a bend in the single wire will cause the line to radiate and lose energy into space. In theory the dielectric coating is a requirement, it slows the wave and focuses it along the wire. But some users note that in practice the finite conductivity of metals may produce a similar effect, and a bare G-line can entrain a propagating wave.
Other structures besides horns have been used to couple radio waves into and out of Goubau lines; waves can be "launched" from planar structures like tapered coplanar waveguides at much higher frequencies, into the terahertz band. The dimension of the single metallic conductor is then typically 1 μm.
The Goubau line conducts energy via one-dimensional electromagnetic surface waves, analogous to the two-dimensional surface waves called ground waves that carry the signal from MF AM broadcasting stations to home AM radios. The ability of surface waves to bend and follow the contour of a conductor explains why AM radio stations can be received on the far side of hills, and how over-the-horizon radar works.
# Kenner, Illinois

Kenner is an unincorporated community in Clay County, Illinois, United States. Kenner is located along a railroad line southwest of Flora.