OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Gazit Institute

The Gazit Institute is an Israeli research institute. The institute is part of the research department unit of Aman. It is named after the former head of Aman, Major General Shlomo Gazit.

## History

An initial reference to the institute was made at a memorial event commemorating Shlomo Gazit in June 2021. The institute was created in partnership with Rafael and was formally inaugurated in December 2021 at a ceremony presided over by the Director of Military Intelligence (Aman), Maj. Gen Aharon Haliva, the CEO of Rafael, Maj. Gen (res.) Yoav Har Even, and the head of the Intelligence Directorate's Research and Analysis Division, Brig. Gen. Amit Saar.

## Activities and goals

The Institute combines knowledge and concepts from the civilian realm with information and needs emerging in the intelligence community, bringing this combination to bear on complex problems with the help of researchers from different fields and advanced technologies in the scientific domains. The institute is composed of teams of senior researchers hailing from a variety of fields spanning the social sciences, humanities, and hard sciences, and working on issues of strategic intelligence such as foreign relations, force build-up, regime stability, demographics, society, economics and psychology. The institute's partnership with Rafael stems from the latter's extensive experience in the worlds of data science and advanced technologies. The Institute addresses multi-regional and long-term intelligence questions, but also deals with more immediate policy and operational issues. In a hearing convened by the Knesset's Foreign Affairs and Defense Committee in November 2021, the institute's director, Col (res.) David Sternberg, noted that the institute will enable the IDF's Intelligence Directorate (Aman) to address the impact of climate change on the region and on a range of issues such as the stability of states, Great Power competition, battlefield dynamics, and force build-up in the intelligence arena – all while making use of advanced capabilities such as simulations.

## Conferences

In July 2022 the Institute hosted its first conference, addressing the role of intelligence research and operations in long-term thinking (a decade or more). Among the conference participants were a number of high-level officials from the defense establishment, including the Deputy Chief of the General Staff, the head of the Defense Ministry's Directorate of Defense Research & Development, and leaders in the private and public sectors.
In December 2022 the Gazit Institute convened its first annual conference around the theme, “The Intelligence-Strategy-Technology Nexus.” Featured speakers at the conference included the IDF Chief of the General Staff, the Head of the National Security Council, the Commanders of Units 8200 and 9900, respectively, and former Prime Minister of Israel Ehud Barak. The conference also featured the first-ever public presentation of an unclassified version of Israeli Defense Intelligence’s (IDI) annual intelligence assessment by the Head of IDI’s Research and Analysis Division, Brig. Gen. Amit Saar.
# Billy Barr (footballer)

William Joseph Barr (born 21 January 1969) is an English former footballer and manager who was appointed First Team Coach of Carlisle United in February 2024. Barr was previously the assistant manager of Scottish Championship side Dundee. He took up the post of caretaker manager at Wrexham after the departure of Andy Morrell as manager, but failed to secure the position permanently. He also served as assistant manager at Salford City.

## Playing career

Barr started his career with Halifax Town in July 1987, after coming through the club's youth team. He joined Crewe Alexandra in June 1994. He then moved to Carlisle United in August 1997.

## Coaching career

He was caretaker manager of Carlisle United from April to August 2002.He later took up a new coaching role with the first team squad at Preston North End, holding the position of first team coach from the summer of 2006.
He left the club in January 2010 following the appointment of Darren Ferguson as manager. He then joined Alan Irvine at Sheffield Wednesday assuming the role of first team coach.

### Wrexham

In September 2011, Barr joined Wrexham following the appointment of player/manager Andy Morrell. A management team of Morrell, Barr and Michael Oakes took Wrexham to second in the league in the 2011–12 season, finishing on a record 98 points for a second place team. They went on to lose in the play-offs to Luton Town. The following year they took Wrexham to Wembley for the first time in their history, winning the FA Trophy, beating Grimsby Town on penalties. A month and a half later they returned to Wembley, but lost 2–0 to Newport County in the play-off Final.
The following season was a disappointment as Wrexham lost numerous games at the beginning of the season, including 2–0 at home to local rivals Chester. This led the fans to have a lack of belief in manager Andy Morrell, and after a 1–0 home loss to Barnet he resigned, leaving Barr as caretaker manager. Barr confirmed he had applied for the job although lost his first game 5–0 to Luton. Barr left Wrexham with immediate effect on 19 March 2014 after failing to get the managerial job on a permanent basis

### Blackburn Rovers

In August 2019 Barr was appointed head coach for Blackburn Rovers under 23s.

### Salford City

In August 2021 he left Blackburn, joining Salford City as Assistant Manager.
On the 17 May 2022, Barr was sacked along with Gary Bowyer by Salford City.

### Dundee

On 8 June 2022, Bowyer and Barr joined Scottish Championship side Dundee, with Barr in the role of assistant manager to Bowyer. On 10 May 2023, both Barr and Bowyer departed from the club after securing promotion.

### Carlisle

On 9 February 2024 Barr was appointed First Team Coach of Carlisle United. Manager Paul Simpson commented: "I wanted somebody new to come in. I'm looking forward to working with him and I'm hoping he can have a real positive influence on the group." .
# California Golden Overtones

Founded in the 1962, the California Golden Overtones (since 1984), previously the deciBelles (1970s), sometimes called the Golden Overtones or the Tones, is a six to thirteen-member female a cappella group at the University of California, Berkeley. The group's prolific repertoire spans many genres of music and grows each year with new arrangements and contributions of past and popular songs. From rap to doo-wop to country, the group embraces all styles and interprets them into a strong female sound.
The Overtones have recorded multiple albums, most recently Out of Line (2020). In 2001 the group placed second in the International Championship of Collegiate A Cappella (ICCA). The Overtones were also named as one of "The 10 Female Groups Running the A Cappella World" by College Magazine in 2016. In 2019, the group was mentioned in a College Aca article for their rendition of The National Manthem by Little Mix.
The Overtones perform regularly around the Bay Area for both alumni and the community. They also perform for Cal students each Friday of the academic year at one o’clock. They can be found next to the historic Sather Gate on Berkeley's Sproul Plaza.
The group hosts a series of annual concerts. In the Fall, the West Coast A Cappella Showcase features invited groups from all over the country. Past guest groups in this concert have included former ICCA Champions Brigham Young University’s Noteworthy and Vocal Point and Colorado's In the Buff. Other California guests include groups from Stanford, UCLA, USC, Mount San Antonio College, and the University of Oregon. The Overtones also perform in annual concert performances including the Overtones Spring Show, and make regular guest appearances at the UC Men's Octet Spring Show.
Their YouTube channel has an extensive list of previous performances, spanning back to 2008.

## Discography

* California Street, 1988
* Bar Nine, 1990
* Ridin' the Wave, 1993
* Pipe Dreams, 1995
* Bear All, 2000
* No Boys Allowed, 2002
* Out of Line, 2020
# Frente a Frente, Vol. 1

Frente a Frente Vol. I is a compilation album released by Juan Gabriel in 1984. The album features some Rocío Dúrcal tracks with others Juan Gabriel songs all from the 1982 album: Cosas de Enamorados.

## Track listing

All tracks are written by Juan Gabriel

## Charts

| Chart (1986) | Peak position |
| US Latin Pop Albums (Billboard) | 25 |
# Rubber Plantation Certification Scheme

The Rubber Plantation Certification Scheme is a scheme run by the Rubber Board, a statutory body under the Ministry of Commerce and Industry, Government of India, for granting certificates to the owners of rubber plantations showing all details of the rubber plantation. Certification of rubber plantations is a voluntary certification procedure launched by The Rubber Board in 2014.

## Background

As per the section 10 of the Rubber Act, 1947 registration of rubber plantations was mandatory. However the Board discontinued the practice of registration in 1986 though the act was amended to that effect only by the Rubber Amendment Act 2009. With the discontinuation of mandatory registration, the Board resorted to structured statistical random sampling for collection of data on production, productivity, mature and immature areas, clones planted and other factors. The accuracy of data collected through random sampling has been challenged by farmers and consumers of rubber; as a result, they demanded the reintroduction of registration. The Board resolved to approach the government for reintroduction of mandatory registration. Meanwhile, optional certification of rubber plantations was launched in 2014.

## Fee for certification

| Area | Fee in Rs | GST in Rs | Total in Rs |
| Up to 0.50 hectares | 100 | 18 | 118 |
| 0.50 - 1.00 hectares | 200 | 36 | 236 |
| 1.00 - 10 hectares | 500 | 90 | 590 |
| More than 10 hectares | 1000 | 180 | 1180 |
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# Former Casino of Toledo

The building of the former Casino of Toledo (Spain), whose real name corresponds to the one of Center of Artists and Industrialists, belongs to the trend of Eclecticism that develops In Europe in the 19th century. The architect, Felipe Trigo, mixed elements of the Renaissance, in the configuration and planning of the facade, and Mudéjar, in the use of the brick.
The building, whose plant is a quadrilateral, has four floors and a tower; the latter form chamfered corner and houses the main entrance.
The materials used in the exterior are very different. Granite has been used in plinth, portal, corners and decorative elements; brick in holes, trim and turret, and masonry in the canvases.
Two construction zones can be differentiated, considering the time in which they were erected. The oldest dating from the 1920s and the most recent was built in the 1960s.
In 2015 a Saudi Sheikh buys part of the casino for an Islamic interpretation center.
# Phase Eight

Phase Eight is a British women's wear clothing brand. The company has stores and concessions in the United Kingdom, Ireland, Switzerland, Germany, Sweden, Australia, UAE, and other countries.

## History

Phase Eight was first established by Patsy Seddon in London in 1979 in a small boutique in Wandsworth Common. The name originated from a combination of P. Hayes, Patsy's maiden name, and the address of the first shop, 8 Bellevue Road. The retailer provides women's clothing designed in house, including Bridalwear and accessories.
Phase Eight was purchased by the South African retailer Foschini Group in 2015.

## Stores

As of 2014, the retailer had 106 stores and 207 concessions in the UK, and 18 stores and 128 concessions internationally.
Internationally, Phase Eight opened four stores in Switzerland and seven concessions in Germany through its subsidiaries and joint venture partners in 2013.
# 1719 in France

Events from the year 1719 in France

## Incumbents

* Monarch – Louis XV
* Regent: Philip II of Orleans

## Events

* 1718 to 1720 – The Pontcallec Conspiracy
* April 4 – The French army under James FitzJames, 1st Duke of Berwick invades the Basque provinces of Spain, with 20,000 troops crossing into Navarre
* May 23 – Mississippi Company becomes the Compagnie Perpétuelle des Indes
* June 30 – Berwick begins the Siege of San Sebastian in northern Spain
* August 19 – San Sebastian surrenders to Berwick. Local leaders petition for the surrounding province to be annexed to France, but is later returned to Spain at the Treaty of The Hague

## Births

* October 17 – Jacques Cazotte, writer (died 1792)

## Deaths

* March 3 – Jacques-Louis de Valon, soldier and poet (born 1659)
* March 10 – Jean-Baptiste Alexandre Le Blond, architect and garden designer (born 1679)
* November 8 – Michel Rolle, mathematician (born 1652)
# Pierre-Joseph Bernard

Pierre-Joseph Bernard (26 August 1708 – 1 November 1775), called Gentil-Bernard by Voltaire for the measured grace of his discreetly erotic verses, was a French military man and salon poet with the reputation of a rake, the author of several libretti for Rameau. Mme de Pompadour arranged to have him appointed a royal librarian, at the château de Choisy, where she had a little pavilion built for him.
He was born in Grenoble. He received a Jesuit education at Lyon and joined the staff of Marshal François de Franquetot de Coigny, rising to become the Marshal's chief secretary and serving him in this capacity for a decade. On his return he was taken up by the young Mlle Poisson, not yet marquise de Pompadour. His libretto for Jean-Philippe Rameau's Castor et Pollux (1737), a resounding success, rendered him fashionable in the salons. He translated Ovid's Ars amatoria (L'Art de l'Amour) but never intended to publish it, or much else of his fugitive verses. The publisher Leroux noted it in the salons where Bernard often declaimed it, and printed it. Bernard was also known for his Epistle to Claudine.
For Rameau Bernard also provided libretti for the operas Les surprises de l'Amour (1748) and Anacréon (1757).
His poem "Ô! Fontenay" was set as a romance by Joseph Denis Doche. In his book of biographical essays, Arsène Houssaye devoted a chapter to Gentil-Bernard, the "French Anacreon".
After some years either senile or gently mad, he died at Choisy-le-Roi in 1775. Arsène Houssaye asserted that "the poor poet had a devout niece for his heir, who burnt everything as a sacrifice except the will."
# Live 1992

Live 1992 may refer to:
* Live 1992 (Stéphane Grappelli album)
* Live 1992 (Shakespears Sister album)
* Den Haag 30 October 1992 by The Wedding Present; see The Wedding Present discography
* Mr. Big Live; see Mr. Big discography
# General Lumley

General Lumley may refer to:
* Aldred Lumley, 10th Earl of Scarbrough (1857–1945), British Army major general
* Henry Lumley (c. 1658–1722), British Army general
* Roger Lumley, 11th Earl of Scarbrough (1896–1969), British Army major general
* William Lumley (1769–1850), British Army general
# Bill Wimmer

Bill Wimmer is an American railroad executive who worked in operations for the Union Pacific Railroad.
Wimmer started with the Chicago and North Western Railway in 1957, eventually becoming division engineer. He moved to Union Pacific in 1974.
As Vice President-Engineering, he was awarded the 2007 Railroader of the Year award. He was the second chief engineer to receive the award, after 1978's Robert M. Brown, also of Union Pacific, who had been his mentor. In June 2008, he was promoted to Vice President-Operations; he retired shortly thereafter, in July. He has served on the board of the R.J. Corman Railroad Group since December 2009.
Since retiring, he and his wife run a railroad museum in Beaver Lake, south of Plattsmouth, Nebraska.
# Winthrop Smith

Winthrop Smith may refer to
* Winthrop H. Smith (1893–1961), American investment banker and businessman
* Winthrop H. Smith Jr. (born 1949), American financial executive
* Winthrop W. Smith, American physicist
# Koen Onzia

Koen Onzia (born 1961 in Geel) is a Belgian ballet dancer and dance teacher.
In 1979, he won a gold medal at the Prix de Lausanne.
Onzia was a soloist with Béjart Ballet Lausanne.
# Knema losirensis

Knema losirensis is a species of plant in the family Myristicaceae. It is a tree endemic to Sumatra.
# List of Minnesota aquatic plants

Aquatic plants native to Minnesota:

## Algae

* Chara
* Filamentous algae
* Phytoplankton
* Stonewort

## Emergent plants

* Bulrushes
* Cattails
* Flowering rush Invasive aquatic plant
* Purple loosestrife Invasive aquatic plant
* Wild rice

## Floating-leaf plants

* Duckweed and watermeal
* Spatterdock
* Swamp smartweed
* Watershield
* White water lily
* Yellow lotus

## Submerged plants

* Broad-leaf pondweeds
* Bushy pondweeds and naiads
* Canada waterweed
* Coontail
* Curly-leaf pondweed Invasive aquatic plant
* Eurasian watermilfoil Invasive aquatic plant
* Narrow-leaf pondweeds
* Northern watermilfoil
* Wild celery
# Acmaeodera flavopicta

Acmaeodera flavopicta is a species of metallic wood-boring beetle in the family Buprestidae. It is found in Central America and North America.
# Qasim ibn Muhammad (disambiguation)

Qasim ibn Muhammad (598–601) was the eldest son of the Islamic prophet Muhammad.
Qasim ibn Muhammad may also refer to:
* Qasim ibn Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr (died 8th century), jurist and grandson of the caliph Abu Bakr
* Qasim bin Muhammad al-Bakrji, Syrian poet and writer
# Mario Appelius

Mario Appelius (Arezzo, 29 July 1892 – Rome, 27 December 1946) was an Italian journalist and radio presenter, best known for being one of the most prominent Fascist propagandists during World War II. He was famous for his catchphrase, Dio stramaledica gli inglesi! ("May God curse the English!").

## Biography

Since he was a child, Appelius showed a keen interest in travel and adventure, repeatedly running away from home until at age fifteen his father forced him to embark as a ship's boy on a merchant ship as a punishment. He then deserted his job in the merchant navy and began wandering between Egypt, India, Indochina, the Philippines and China, working odd jobs (such as waiter, clerk and travelling salesman) and starting businesses with varying fortunes. By age twenty he had visited three continents.
During a stay in Italy, he was offered the opportunity to collaborate with Il Popolo d'Italia, which offered him a correspondence from Africa while he was following an explorative expedition in which he had been hired as an interpreter. He thus started his writing career, publishing describing the cities, peoples and countries that he visited across the five continents during the 1920s and 1930s. In 1930 he founded the Italian language newspaper Il Mattino d'Italia in Buenos Aires, which he directed until 1933. He was later a war correspondent for Il Popolo d'Italia in Ethiopia and Spain.
A convinced Fascist, in 1938 he was among the public supporters of the Manifesto of Race which preceded the promulgation of the Fascist racial laws. During the Second World War he was a radio commentator, becoming famous for his catchphrase "God damn the English!" and talk about the "demo-pluto-masso-judaic conspiracy". After the German invasion of Poland, he claimed that the German successes were due to the application of the tactics already employed by the Italians in Catalonia, during the Spanish Civil War.
During the course of the war he aligned himself completely with Axis propaganda, sometimes inventing victorious battles for the Third Reich out of thin air, as in the case of a fictional battle between the Luftwaffe and the Royal Navy off the Skagerrak which he reported in April 1940. Despite the popularity of his radio broadcasts, his refusal to deny the difficulties encountered by the Italian-German armed forces and his increasingly pessimistic tones eventually made him disliked by the Ministry of Popular Culture and by Mussolini himself, resulting in his dismissal on 20 February 1943. He did not join the Italian Social Republic after the armistice of Cassibile, and in November 1944 he was arrested by the pro-Allied Italian government and tried for apology of fascism, being sentenced to a prison term which he avoided owing to the Togliatti amnesty. He died in Rome a few months later, from meningoencephalitis.
# Bentwisch

Bentwisch is a municipality in the Rostock district, in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany, to the east of Rostock. Since its merger with Klein Kussewitz in January 2018, the municipality has 3,174 inhabitants and covers 29.19 square kilometres. Due to its proximity to Rostock, the B 105, and the A 19, Bentwisch became a place of industry after German reunification.
Bentwisch has a substation for 220 kV/110kV and the static inverter plant of the HVDC Kontek. Both facilities are a few kilometres away from each other. In 2002 the static inverter plant Bentwisch was enlarged by a substion for 380 kV/110kV and between the static invertor plant and the 220 kV/110 kV-substation, which was built in difference to the static invertor plant at times, East Germany existed, a 110 kV powerline for 3 phase AC was built.

## People

* Emanuel Hirsch
# Freedom to Breathe Act

The Freedom to Breathe Act of 2007 is a piece of Minnesota legislation that restricts the act of smoking tobacco products in public places. It amends sections of Minnesota Clean Indoor Air Act (MCIAA) of 1975.

## Passage and enactment

The earliest smoking ban in Minnesota was the Minnesota Clean Indoor Air Act (MCIAA), which took effect in 1975. The purpose of this act was to enforce the "protection of the public health." It prohibited smoking in areas where children, ill or injured are present. This first Minnesota act also limited smoking indoors at public places and private meetings.
Minnesota passed the Freedom to Breathe Act on May 16, 2007. This act was passed with the intent of protecting the public from health hazards of secondhand smoke by banning smoking in public indoor areas not covered by the 1975 law. An indoor area is defined as the space between a floor and a ceiling that is bounded by walls covering more than 50 percent of the perimeter of the area. Temporary physical barriers are considered walls, but certain window screens are not. The ban took effect October 1, 2007. Minnesota is the 17th state to enforce a statewide smoking ban. The original and major supporters of the 1975 regulations were very pleased to see the Freedom to Breathe Act pass through legislation and signed into law.

## Criticism

In an inForum online article, Don Davis quoted several House Republicans against the bill. Representative Bud Heidgerken (R-Freeport) said that the ban will hurt small enterprises and presented a kink in the State's plan. He stated, "You are going to vote them out of business tonight." Likewise, Dennis Ozment (R-Rosemount) stated that the passage of the bill is "tyranny, oppressive governmental power... This piece of legislation turned out to be just plain mean".

## Exemptions

Smoking is permitted in the following places:
* Specified rooms in residential health care facilities
* Separated, well-ventilated areas of locked psychiatric units
* Specified areas for use in peer-reviewed scientific studies related to smoking
* Private homes and residences when they are not in use as a place of employment
* Hotel and motel guest rooms
* Tobacco products shops for the purpose of sampling products
* Heavy commercial vehicles
* Farm vehicles and construction equipment
* Buildings on family farms
* Disabled veterans' rest camp
* Smoking is also permitted by Native Americans as part of a traditional Native American spiritual or cultural ceremony and by actors as part of a theatrical performance.
* Smoking outside, unless it is limited or prohibited by local government.
# Westmoreland station

Westmoreland station may refer to:
* Westmoreland station (DART), a light rail station in Dallas, Texas
* Westmoreland Road goods yard, a GWR goods station in Bath, England
* Westmoreland station (SEPTA), a station on the Chestnut Hill West Line in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
# Knema mamillata

Knema mamillata is a species of plant in the family Myristicaceae. It is a tree endemic to Kalimantan in Indonesia.