OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Women's Defense Groups

Groups for women’s defense :
| Abbreviation | GDD |
| Foundation | 1943 |
| Founder | Italian Communist Party |
| Dissolution | 1945 |
| Purpose | Emancipation of women |
| Members | ca. 70,000 |
Women's Defence Groups, or Defence Groups for Women and for the Assistance of Freedom Fighters (Italian: Gruppi di difesa della donna e per l'assistenza ai combattenti della libertà), was a multi-party organization of women during the Italian Resistance. Formed in Milan in November 1943, the initiative was spearheaded by the Italian Communist Party, as part their vision for a united front against fascism.
The groups had a double objective: engaging in the struggle against the fascist regime while advocating the emancipation and empowerment of women.

## History

The groups were formed collaboratively by women from diverse political backgrounds. Prominent participants included communists Giovanna Barcellona, Lina Fibbi, and Caterina Picolato; socialists Laura Conti and Lina Merlin; actionists Elena Dreher and Ada Gobetti; as well as women associated with the Giustizia e Libertà (Justice and Freedom) movement. Republican and Catholic women, along with those without prior political or ideological commitments, also joined. These groups predominantly operated in the northern midlands of Italy. Scholars attribute this geographic spread to the influence of local women's clothing, which fostered individual initiative and civic awareness.
Initially, the women's groups aimed to support resistance efforts in auxiliary roles. However, they quickly assumed leadership responsibilities in areas such as information dissemination, propaganda, issuing orders, and handling ammunition. Some women even directly engaged in armed resistance as "gappistas". Ada Gobetti was among the first to criticize the use of the term "assistance" in the group's name. In 1944, the organization's objectives were reformulated to prioritize activities that broadly promoted women's emancipation.
In Turin, the GDG primarily organized in factory settings, forming groups of approximately ten workers. They gathered in private homes, where they received practical instructions on factory sabotage, typing, telegraphy, and first aid. Additionally, a women's newspaper titled "Noi Donne" (Our women) was published, drawing inspiration from titles used during the Spanish and Paris wars in 1937.
In Milan, the groups were organized by Irma Brambilla, Iole Radice, and Lidia Salvano. Meetings were intentionally held in different locations, often on Sunday mornings, to avoid detection. Impromptu rallies in factories occurred when a young woman from one area, during her lunch break, arrived at a factory where fellow members had already been notified of an upcoming rally. She would efficiently lead the rally and swiftly disappear thereafter.

## Movies and documentaries

In 2016, a documentary film Nome di battaglia Donna (Battle name: Woman) directed by Daniele Segre was released. It showcased stories of several of the surviving WDG activists from the Piedmont region.
# William Hooper (Ohio businessman)

William Hooper (c. 1812 – July 18, 1894) was a Cincinnati businessman and politician. He was appointed state treasurer of Ohio following the resignation on September 25, 1865 of G. V. Dorsey, serving until January 1866 when S. S. Warner was sworn in.
After starting life as a clerk, by 1841 Hooper had become the teller of the Franklin National Bank. Around 1845 he went into the grocery business with L. B. Harrison as Harrison & Hooper, in a 20 by 60 foot storefront. The firm grew and became a successful regional wholesale dealer, but it failed in 1862 after the war caused the cutoff of sugar, molasses and other supplies from the South. In 1866 he became president of the Central National Bank of Cincinnati, founded in 1864, and later he was a director of the First National Bank of Cincinnati, of which his former partner L. B. Harrison was president for 32 years. Active in civic affairs, he served as president of the Cincinnati school board and as a trustee of Cincinnati College. At the start of the war he was a member of Cincinnati's defense committee, and took an active role in the construction of the artillery batteries guarding the city. He died in Greenwich, Connecticut on July 18, 1894, and is buried in Cincinnati. Toward the end of his life he was the president of the John Church Company, and the Hooper Building in Cincinnati, formerly the headquarters of that firm, is named after him.
# Numb (Numb album)

Numb is the eponymously-titled debut studio album of Numb, released in 1987 by Edge and World Records.

## Reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
John Bush of AllMusic says "with its periodic stabs of metallic guitars, Numb's 1987 self-titled debut album is strongly reminiscent of two other bands who share their hometown, Front Line Assembly and Skinny Puppy."

## Track listing

All tracks are written by Don Gordon, David Hall and Sean Stubbs, except "God Is Dead", "Eat Me" and "Two Faces" by Anthony Valcic

## Personnel

Adapted from the Numb liner notes.
Numb
* Don Gordon – instruments, production, arrangements
* David Hall (as Daivd Hall) – instruments, production, arrangements
* Sean Stubbs (Sean St. Hubbs) – instruments, production, arrangements
Production and design
* Ric Arboit – engineering
* Tom Ferris – engineering
* Dave Ogilvie – engineering
* Gord Martin – photography
* John Robert Mingo – photography
* Cal Stephenson – engineering
* Greg Sykes – design, typesetting
* Anthony Valcic – engineering, photography, production and arrangements (A1, A2, B2)

## Release history

| Region | Date | Label | Format | Catalog |
| Canada | 1987 | Edge/World | CS, LP | EDG 003, WRC1-5680 |
| France | 1987 | Lively Art | LP | ARTY 3 |
| United States | 1992 | KK | CD | KK 085 |
| United States | 1997 | Metropolis | CD | MET 071 |
# Prisoner (311 song)

"Prisoner" is the second track and second single from 311's 1997 album Transistor. When being interviewed in 1999, SA Martinez stated that "Prisoner" is his favorite 311 song. The song is about feeling trapped and someone not being themselves.

## Music video

The music video begins with a woman entering a cold pool. With the pool's lid closed, the band members perform the song in what appears to be a basement, while various men in uniforms can be seen in the background. Throughout the video, clips of the woman in the pool are intermittently shown. Later, the band members themselves are seen in the same pool. The music video for "Prisoner" was shot in Los Angeles, California.

## Track listing

* "Prisoner" (album version) - 2:50
* "Transistor" (Single Malt Mix) - 3:04
* "Prisoner" (DJ Spina & Tickla Remix) - 2:50
* "Prisoner" (DJ Sean Perry Mix) - 2:50

## Charts

| Chart (1997) | Peak position |
| US Billboard Modern Rock Tracks | 21 |
# Prolom

Prolom (Serbian Cyrillic: Пролом) or Prolom Banja (Serbian Cyrillic: Пролом Бања) is a spa located in the municipality of Kuršumlija, southern Serbia. It lies below the slopes of the wooded mountains of Radan and Sokolovica, at the altitude between 550 and 670 meters. As of 2011 census, it has a population of 131 inhabitants.

## Features

It has several springs, of temperatures between 26 and 31,5 °C. "Prolom water" (Prolom voda) is a low-mineral water, said to have high curative characteristics, and it is bottled and sold worldwide. There is hotel "Radan" with 212 rooms, medical and wellness center.
# Maheshtala College

Maheshtala College, established in 1971, is an undergraduate college in Maheshtala, West Bengal, India. It is affiliated with the University of Calcutta.

## Accreditation

The college is recognized by the University Grants Commission (UGC). It was accredited by the National Assessment and Accreditation Council (NAAC), and awarded C++ grade in 2004. It has been re-accredited in 2016 by NAAC and has awarded the grade B+
# Reiichi Mikata

Reiichi Mikata (三ヶ田 礼一, Mikata Reiichi) (born January 14, 1967) is a Japanese nordic combined skier who competed during the early 1990s. He won the 3 x 10 km team event at the 1992 Winter Olympics in Albertville. Mikata also won a bronze medal in the 3 x 10 km team event at the 1991 FIS Nordic World Ski Championships in Val di Fiemme.
# Reiherstieg Schiffswerfte & Maschinenfabrik

Reiherstieg Schiffswerfte & Maschinenfabrik, also known as Reiherstiegwerft, was a German shipbuilding company, located on the Reiherstieg River in Hamburg. It was founded in 1706 by Lucas Kramer.
In the 1880s, Reiherstieg built SMS Marie, the first warship built in Hamburg for the German Navy.
During World War I Reiherstiegwerft built three U 151 U-boats for the Kaiserliche Marine, the U-151, U-152 and U-153.
# Magigram

Magigram was a magic magazine published by Supreme Magic in Bideford, England from September 1966 – February 1995. It started as a bimonthly magazine but became monthly in September 1971. It was edited for its whole run by Ken de Courcy. A complete file contains 306 issues and over 20,000 pages.
# Pristimantis pyrrhomerus

Pristimantis pyrrhomerus is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is endemic to Ecuador. Its natural habitat is tropical moist montane forests. It is threatened by habitat loss.
# Pristimantis quaquaversus

Pristimantis quaquaversus is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is found on the lower Amazonian slopes of the Andes from northern Ecuador south to the Cordillera de Cutucú and Cordillera del Cóndor as well as the adjacent northern Peru.

## Description

Pristimantis quaquaversus are relatively small frogs, with males measuring 20–23 mm (0.79–0.91 in) in snout–vent length and females 25–31 mm (0.98–1.22 in). Dorsum has shagreen skin that is pale brown to reddish brown in colour, with darker brown interorbital bar, chevrons or spots. Upper eyelid has a conical tubercle. Fingers and toes have discs but no webbing.

## Habitat

The natural habitats of Pristimantis quaquaversus are tropical cloud forests and humid lowland forests. They can be seen on low vegetation at night. It is a common frog facing no major threats.
# Maha Singhpur

Maha Singhpur (Mahā Siṅghpur) is a village in Kotla block of Firozabad district, Uttar Pradesh. As of 2011, it has a population of 571, in 102 households.

## Demographics

As of 2011, Maha Singhpur had a population of 571, in 102 households.$^{:102}$ This population was 53.9% male (308) and 46.1% female (263). The 0-6 age group numbered 91 (52 male and 39 female), making up 15.9% of the total population. 256 residents were members of Scheduled Castes, or 44.8% of the total.$^{:98–9}$
The 1981 census recorded Maha Singhpur (spelled as one word, "Mahasinghpur") as having a population of 289 people (165 male and 124 female), in 42 households and 42 physical houses.$^{:188–9}$
The 1961 census recorded Maha Singhpur (spelled as one word, "Mahasinghpur") as comprising 1 hamlet, with a total population of 17 people (9 male and 8 female), in 2 households and 2 physical houses. The area of the village was given as 253 acres.$^{:xc}$

## Infrastructure

As of 2011, Maha Singhpur had 1 primary school; it did not have any healthcare facilities. Drinking water was provided by hand pump and tube well/borehole; there were no public toilets. The village did not have a post office or public library; there was at least some access to electricity for all purposes. Streets were made of both kachcha and pakka materials.$^{:102–7}$
# Renal lobe

The renal lobe is a portion of a kidney consisting of a renal pyramid and the renal cortex above it. In humans, on average there are 7 to 18 renal lobes.
It is visible without a microscope, though it is easier to see in humans than in other animals.
It is composed of many renal lobules, which are not visible without a microscope.
# Rejects Revenge Theatre Company

Rejects Revenge Theatre Company was one of the longest running professional touring theatre companies in the United Kingdom, active from 1990 to 2005.
Rejects Revenge was founded in Liverpool in 1990 by Ann Farrar, Tim Hibberd, and David White. Farrar studied English at the University of Liverpool, Hibbard moved from the Isle of Wight to study Medieval and Modern History, and White was a musician from Redditch who had come to Liverpool to seek fame and fortune in the home of the Beatles. Farrar and White met at a community theatre course on Hope Street; Hibberd met Farrar when she joined The Network, an agitprop socialist theatre company based at the Trade Union Centre on Hardman Street. Their training consisted mainly of partaking in the numerous free workshops given by theatre practitioners on Hope Street in the late 1980s and early 1990s, organised by Peter Ward. These companies and individuals (including Trestle, Théâtre de Complicité, Peta Lilly, and the Mime Theatre Project) would usually then perform at Liverpool's Unity Theatre under the directorship of Graeme Phillips.
In 1990, the Everyman Theatre donated its space free for three nights for anyone on the Hope Street course who wished to perform. Farrar asked Hibberd if he wished to create a piece based on the Eastern European revolutions at the time, and Staging the Revolution became the first work they created together. White was introduced into the company later that year. Much of their work began as devised pieces, but unlike many devising companies of the time, they were keen to turn this into a strict performance script with pieces normally written by Hibberd. Their work was often very physical, but the physicality of the words was always given equal weight.
After 15 years of national and international touring, the company fell foul of the 2005 Arts Council funding cuts, and created its final production that year. The company's archive was preserved at the Museum of Liverpool Life.

## Shows

* Staging the Revolution (1990)
* Pie in the Sky (1990)
* Boiling Oil and the Bouncing Monks (1991)
* A Rejects Christmas Carol (1992)
* The Wheel (1994)
* Crumble (1994)
* Peasouper (1995)
* Dusty Fruit (1997)
* Whoredom (1999 – joint production with Dog the Monkey)
* The Rejects' Canterbury Tales (2000)
* The Bicycle Bridge (2001)
* Out of the Blue (2005)
* The Steppe Brothers (2005)
* Hoof! (2005–2008 – a co-production with Spike Theatre)
* Here Be Monsters (2008)

## Awards

* 1995: Fringe First at the Edinburgh Fringe for Peasouper
* 1995 Spirit of the Fringe Award at the Edinburgh Fringe for Peasouper
* 1997: Fringe First at the Edinburgh Fringe for Dusty Fruit
# Magne Hovden

Magne Hovden (born 23 October 1974) is a Norwegian writer. He is also an independent literary agent and has previously worked as translator. He has written one children's books, Pugg's Diary, and humour books.
He currently lives in Kirkenes, in the far north of Norway.
# Maggy Wauters

Maggy Wauters (born 5 September 1953) is a Belgian athlete. She competed in the women's discus throw at the 1972 Summer Olympics.
# Maher Ghanmi

Maher Ghanmi is a Tunisian freestyle wrestler. He is a bronze medalist at the African Games and a five-time medalist at the African Wrestling Championships.
He represented Tunisia at the 2019 African Games held in Rabat, Morocco and he won one of the bronze medals in the men's freestyle 74 kg event.
In 2021, he competed at the African & Oceania Olympic Qualification Tournament hoping to qualify for the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, Japan. He did not qualify at this tournament and he also failed to qualify for the Olympics at the World Olympic Qualification Tournament held in Sofia, Bulgaria.
# Reid Glacier (Oregon)

Reid Glacier is an alpine glacier located on the west slope of Mount Hood in the U.S. state of Oregon. It ranges in elevation from about 9,800 to 6,000 feet (3,000 to 1,800 m). The glacier is the source of the Sandy River. The upper extent of the glacier is known for extensive crevasses.
The glacier is a remnant of the massive glaciers that formed during the last ice age. It is bounded on the north by Yokum Ridge which also defines the southern side of Sandy Glacier, and by a ridge on the south bounding the north side of Zigzag Glacier. The eastern and upper reaches of this ridge include Illumination Rock. The uppermost portion of the glacier is below Leuthold Couloir. The glacier lies entirely within Mount Hood Wilderness.
Between 1907 and 2004, Reid Glacier lost 35% of its surface area. The glacier terminus has retreated by 1,607 feet (490 m) over the same time period.

## Climate

Illumination Rock lies on the upper eastern side of Reid Glacier. There is no weather station, but this climate table contains interpolated data.
Climate data for Illumination Rock 45.3689 N, 121.7070 W, Elevation: 9,350 ft (2,850 m) (1991–2020 normals) :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °F (°C) | 26.0 (−3.3) | 25.3 (−3.7) | 26.2 (−3.2) | 29.8 (−1.2) | 38.5 (3.6) | 45.5 (7.5) | 56.5 (13.6) | 56.8 (13.8) | 51.6 (10.9) | 41.0 (5.0) | 29.3 (−1.5) | 24.7 (−4.1) | 37.6 (3.1) |
| Daily mean °F (°C) | 20.5 (−6.4) | 18.5 (−7.5) | 18.4 (−7.6) | 21.0 (−6.1) | 28.6 (−1.9) | 34.8 (1.6) | 44.3 (6.8) | 44.6 (7.0) | 40.1 (4.5) | 31.7 (−0.2) | 23.3 (−4.8) | 19.4 (−7.0) | 28.8 (−1.8) |
| Mean daily minimum °F (°C) | 15.0 (−9.4) | 11.7 (−11.3) | 10.7 (−11.8) | 12.2 (−11.0) | 18.6 (−7.4) | 24.1 (−4.4) | 32.0 (0.0) | 32.4 (0.2) | 28.6 (−1.9) | 22.4 (−5.3) | 17.3 (−8.2) | 14.1 (−9.9) | 19.9 (−6.7) |
| Average precipitation inches (mm) | 16.48 (419) | 12.42 (315) | 13.30 (338) | 10.27 (261) | 7.04 (179) | 5.39 (137) | 1.28 (33) | 1.81 (46) | 4.30 (109) | 10.19 (259) | 15.74 (400) | 17.88 (454) | 116.1 (2,950) |
| Source: PRISM Climate Group ||||||||||||||
# Reindeer Lake (disambiguation)

Reindeer Lake may refer to:
   * Reindeer Lake/Lindbergh Lodge Aerodrome, an airport on an island in Reindeer Lake, Saskatchewan, Canada
* Reinsvatnet (Reindeer Lake), large mountainous lake west of Mellsjøen lake, northeast of Lillehammer, Oppland county, Norway
* Reinsvatnet (Reindeer Lake) (Reinsvatnet R1), paleo-postglacial lake of the Younger Dryas with human and reindeer archaeological evidence, Sunndal Mountains, Møre og Romsdal county, Norway
* Reinevatn (Reindeer Lake), small lake in Bykle, Aust-Agder county, Norway
* Reingardslivatnet (Reindeer Lake; Reindeer Farm Lake), small lake in Rana, Nordland county, Norway
* Reinoksvatnet (Reindeer Lake), small lake in Hamarøy, Nordland county, Norway
* Reindeer Lake, small lake near Fairbanks, North Star Borough, Alaska, U.S.A.; see List of lakes in Alaska
* Stor-Rensjön (Great Reindeer Lake), 5th deepest lake in Sweden; see List of lakes in Sweden
# Majestic Cinema, Bridgnorth

52°32′09″N 2°25′20″W﻿ / ﻿52.5357°N 2.4221°W﻿ / 52.5357; -2.4221
The Majestic Cinema is the only working cinema in Bridgnorth, Shropshire, England. It opened in 1937, and has three screens, a large screen with around 330 seats and two small screens with around 80 seats. The upstairs screens previously made up a balcony when the cinema had only one screen. The cinema is now operated by the Reel Cinemas chain.
# Prophet Omega

Prophet Omega (real name Omega Townsend; August 27, 1927 – February 28, 1992) was a weekly radio evangelist broadcasting in Nashville, Tennessee on Music Row’s WNAH in the 1970s. He was founder of the Peaceway Temple then located at "Apartment Q-258 at 488 Lemont Drive" (the Kenmont Apartments). He has become most known for the recordings of his sermons which became popular among musicians in the 1980s. Prior to entering the "prophet circuit" Townsend was a carnival worker.

## Music subculture

By way of cassette recordings Prophet Omega's sermons developed a cult following among road musicians in the late 1980s and early 1990s. The cassettes were favorites on musician tour buses. Excerpts of his sermons have been sampled into rock music and quotes from his sermons have become the namesake of music projects. The Rolling Stones and David Bowie were among the many fans. Melissa Etheridge and Adrian Belew both have used his excerpts in their works, and Ramsay Midwood does a spoken word prologue using sermon citations for a new version of the old blues standard "Chicago" (on his album Undone: Bootleg Recordings, 2003, Vanguard Records 833-2). Al Kooper contributed largely to the initial spreading of Prophet Omega recordings among musicians. He considers the recordings to be a form of folk art.
Musicians have noted Omega's sense of rhythm, soul artist sound (like James Brown) and blues artist sound. Also, they noted a sense of 'knowing' in association with the ingroup that had heard his recordings. The following is an excerpt from one of his more popularized sermons:
   ...repeat these words, I am what I am and that's all I am is what I am. That's all I am is what I am ...and I am It. Now, repeat those words. If you repeat those words and continually to repeat those words Blessings gonna come to you. You got to remain to being your self. You cannot be nobody else. Ain't no use in tryin' bein' no whirlwind and jumping here and playing checkers with your own life. That ain't gonna work, baby. Now, repeat these words behind me, I am what I am. Now, that's all you are! You are what you believe you are....
A half-hour documentary about Prophet Omega entitled Friends Seen and Unseen was created by Kathy Conkwright and Demetria Kalodimos, and edited by Bobby F. Dowd. It was released by Genuine Human Productions in 2000. It was presented at the 2000 Nashville Independent Film Festival. The film won a Tennessee Spirit Award.
An excerpt from one of Prophet Omega's sermons can be heard in the background in a scene from the 2007 horror film Side Sho, directed by Nashville filmmaker Michael D'Anna.
Upon his death the original reel to reel recordings of his show were disposed of by his family. However, in 2006 a 2-CD set of his recordings gathered from collectors was released entitled The Complete Sermons.
# Project Clear Vision

Project Clear Vision was a covert examination of Soviet-made biological bomblets conducted by the Battelle Memorial Institute under contract with the CIA. The legality of this project under the Biological Weapons Convention (BWC) of 1972 is disputed.

## History
### The operation

Project Clear Vision was conducted between 1997 and 2000, during the Clinton Administration. The project's stated goal was to assess the efficacy of bio-agent dissemination from bomblets. The program received criticism due to suspicions that its findings could possibly be used in a covert US bioweapons program.

### Reportage

The secret project was disclosed in a September 2001 article in The New York Times. Reporters Judith Miller, Stephen Engelberg and William J. Broad collaborated to write the article. Shortly after the article appeared, the authors published a book that further elaborated the story. The 2001 book, Germs: Biological Weapons and America's Secret War, and the article are the only publicly available sources concerning Project Clear Vision and its sister projects, Bacchus and Jefferson.

## Legality

As signatory to the BWC, the United States is committed to refrain from development of bioweapons. Moreover, the US did not disclose the secret project in its annual confidence-building measure (CBM) declarations. The US maintains that the program was fully consistent with the BWC because the project was defensive in nature.
# Majors Creek

Majors Creek may refer to:
* Majors Creek, New South Wales, a village in the Southern Tablelands Region, Australia
* Majors Creek (New South Wales), a watercourse that is a tributary of Araluen Creek, in the Southern Tablelands Region, Australia
* Majors Creek, Queensland, a locality split between the City of Townsville and the Shire of Burdekin, Australia
* Majors Creek (Alabama), a river of Alabama, United States
# Prosser River

The Prosser River is a river in Tasmania, Australia. The river flows into the Tasman Sea.

## Environment

The Prosser River Reserve is home to at least 11 at-risk plant and animal species. The Prosser River is virtually unnavigable except at maximum tide. The Old Convict Road trail follows the northern side of the Prosser River for 1km.

## Politics

The river gives its name to the electoral division of Prosser.