OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Reford

Reford may refer to:

## Places

* Rural Municipality of Reford No. 379, Saskatchewan, Canada
* Jardins de Métis, Quebec, Canada, known in English as "Reford Gardens"

## People

* Reford MacDougall, president of the St. Andrew's Society of Montreal
* Alexander Reford, Canadian historian; great-great-grandson of Robert Reford Sr.
* Elsie Reford, Canadian horticulturist, namesake of the Reford Gardens, and wife to the younger Robert Reford
* Lewis Reford, candidate for the Conservative Party of Canada in the 2006 Canadian federal election
* Robert Wilson Reford Sr., Canadian businessman and philanthropist
* Robert Wilson Reford Jr., son of Robert Reford Sr.
# Dave Needle

David Lewis Needle (December 17, 1947 – February 20, 2016) was an American computer engineer. He was a key engineer and co-chief architect in the creation of the Amiga 1000 computer with Jay Miner, Dave Morse, and RJ Mical. He was one of the main designers and developers of the custom chips of the Amiga computer. Later he co-invented the Atari Lynx and the 3DO Interactive Multiplayer with Morse and Mical.
A 1995 article in Next Generation commented: "It's true that of the machines that Mical and Needle have created, only the Amiga has been a true global mass market hit ... But it's only fair to put forward the argument that this is down to the marketing of the machines rather than the quality of the product."
Dave Needle died on February 20, 2016.
# World War II reenactment

World War II reenactment is the historical reenactment of the various combatants involved in World War II.

## Types

The types of events include living history, which emphasises the garrison life of the average serviceman or servicewoman, and tactical events, involving simulated combat operations. The hobby has expanded significantly since the 1970s and is now practiced around the world.

## Controversies

Some reenactment includes Waffen-SS units, the paramilitary force of the Nazi Party in Nazi Germany. Although banned in Germany and Austria, SS reenacting groups exist elsewhere, including in Europe and North America. By the end of the 1990s there were 20 Waffen-SS reenactment groups in the United States. Within the UK, a number of events only allow the portrayal of Allied service personnel and ban the wearing of any German uniform featuring symbols of the Third Reich. In some cases, events permit only Heer, Kriegsmarine and Luftwaffe, whilst specifically refusing any SS uniforms.
In 2007, BBC investigative reporter John Sweeney produced a documentary entitled Weekend Nazis that delved into the reenactment scene in the UK. Members of German units, especially the Second Battle Group (SBG), were interviewed and investigated about their hobby. Two SBG members were covertly filmed expressing racist views. The documentary was broadcast on 27 August 2007; in the ensuing controversy, the SBG issued a statement through their lawyers: "The views alleged to have been made by members of the SBG are, in the opinion of the SBG, fascist, racist and utterly reprehensible and as such are views we strongly oppose."
In 2010, Rich Iott, a Republican candidate for US Congress, came under intense scrutiny after images were released showing him wearing an SS uniform. Iott defended his interest in historical reenactment.

## Cavalry

Polish groups reenact light cavalry (uhlan).

## Death marches and executions

Polish groups reenact German crimes, eg. death march of Stutthof concentration camp prisoners and execution of 22 Polish workers in Słupsk. In September 2010 Będzin Ghetto deportation of 1942 was reenacted.
Also crimes committed by Ukrainian nationalists were reenacted, including the burning of a reconstructed village.
# Nathan Spooner

Nathan Raymond Spooner is a retired rugby union player, who represented Australia. He typically played in the out-half (or fly-half) position.

## Career
### Clubs and provinces

* -2001 : Queensland Reds, Australia
* 2001-2003 : Leinster, Ireland
* 2003 : Sharks, South Africa
* 2004-7 Mie Honda Heat, Japan

### National team

He played under-age representative rugby, before making his debut for Australia on 12 June 1999 against Ireland in Brisbane, scoring 17 points. His final test match was against the same team on 19 June 1999.

### Club Rugby

He played for Queensland Reds. In 1998, he was largely sidelined by a shoulder injury, but in 1999 he was out-half for a side that reached the Super12 semi-finals, scoring 131 points. The following year, he was again largely unable to play, due to surgery, playing only 4 games early in 2001.
He was then signed for Leinster Rugby for the 2001-2 season, playing in Leinster's victory in the 2001–02 Celtic League final (in which he scored 14 points) and in Leinster's Heineken Cup quarter-final defeat at the hands of Leicester Tigers. He remained with Leinster for the following season , in spite of sustaining a further severe shoulder injury in April 2002. After the signing of Felipe Contepomi was announced towards the end of the 2002-3 season, Spooner was not offered a new contract. After leaving Leinster, Spooner went to the Natal Sharks in September 2003. Following a season with the Sharks, Spooner went to play in Japan with Mie Honda Heat until 2007 when he retired, going on to work in sales.

## International honours

* Test matches for Australia : 2
# Sai Mun

Sai Mun may refer to:
* Sai Mun District, a district (amphoe) in Yasothon Province, Thailand
** Sai Mun Subdistrict Sai Mun District
* Sai Mun Subdistrict in Nam Phong District, Khon Kaen, Thailand
* Sai Mun, Chiang Mai, a subdistrict (tambon) in San Kamphaeng District, Chiang Mai, Thailand
* Sai Mun Subdistrict in Ongkharak District, Nakhon Nayok, Thailand
* Sai Mun Subdistrict in Sawang Daen Din District, Sakon Nakhon, Thailand
* Sai Mun Subdistrict in Phibun Mangsahan District, Ubon Ratchathani, Thailand
# Gianfranco Rosi

Gianfranco Rosi could refer to:
* Gianfranco Rosi (boxer) (born 1957), Italian boxer
* Gianfranco Rosi (director) (born 1963), Italian film director
# New York Daily News (19th century)

The New York Daily News was a daily New York City newspaper from 1855 to 1906, unrelated to the present-day Daily News founded in 1919. Founded in 1855, it flourished under the stewardship of Benjamin Wood, becoming one of the highest circulation papers in the United States. It was notable for its racist and pro-Confederate views. The paper faltered after Wood's death in 1900, and folded in December 1906.

## History

The paper was founded by Gideon J. Tucker in 1855, but he edited it until only 1857. Between 1857 and 1860, it was owned by W. Drake Parsons, 102 Nassau Street. Fernando Wood then bought the paper and put in his brother as editor; Benjamin soon after bought the majority interest. The paper reportedly soon became the country's highest-circulation daily paper.
Under Wood, the paper was pro-Southern/Confederate and defended slavery and the right to secede. It supported Stephen A. Douglas in the 1860 presidential election, decrying that if Lincoln won "we shall find negroes among us thicker than blackberries swarming everywhere", in accord with its plainly racist viewpoint.
After the Confederates fired at Fort Sumter, Wood refused a mob's demand that he fly the American flag at the paper's building.
In August 1861, the U.S. government effectively shut down the paper (by suspending its delivery via the postal service) as being sympathetic with to an enemy of the United States (in this case, the Confederacy during the American Civil War). Wood was able to re-open the paper 18 months later, in May 1863.
In the 1870s, it is likely that only three newspapers in the United States had a circulation of over 100,000, all in New York: The Sun, New York Herald, and New York Daily News.
Benjamin Wood continued as editor of the paper until his death in February 1900. Gambling problems caused Wood to declare bankruptcy in 1879, and he sold 43% of his ownership to publisher William L. Brown, who then worked with Wood until Wood's death.
His widow Ida Mayfield Wood, who later became a famous recluse confining herself to the Herald Square Hotel, briefly ran the paper. She sold it in 1901 to Frank Munsey for about $340,000. Munsey changed the paper from an afternoon to morning publication and tried to broaden its appeal, but sold it in 1904 as circulation dropped. Managing editor Thomas C. Quinn took over the reins, but was unable to stop the paper's decline, and publication ceased on December 13, 1906.

## German edition

Like other New York publishers, Wood created a German-language edition of his paper titled New-Yorker Tages-Nachrichten in 1870 and Sunday edition Sonntags-Nachrichten in 1872.
# Aemilia Hilaria

Aemilia Hilaria (c. 300 – c. 363) was a Gallo-Roman physician. She practiced medicine, and wrote books on gynecology and obstetrics. She was called "Hilaria" due to her cheerfulness as a baby.

## Early life

Aemilia was born in the Roman Empire, the area of present Moselle, France. She was the daughter of Caecilius Agricius Arborius and Aemilia Corinthia Maura, both poor nobles from Gaul. Aemilia and her siblings all took the family name of their mother, which historian Hagith Sivan noted was uncommon for the time. Aemilia Hilaria was given the male nickname "Hilarius" as an infant because she was "affable like a boy." Her nephew, Ausonius, reported that she continued to act in a more masculine manner into her childhood and dress in a less feminine manner into adulthood, which may have led to her remaining unmarried; however, it is notable that during this time period Christian women were encouraged to hide their feminine appearances by the clergy. It is unknown if Aemilia Hilaria was a Christian; Ausonius's phrasing seems to imply that she was, but may simply be poetic writing.

## Physician

Aemilia Hilaria continued to live in the area as an adult and became a physician there. Aemilia was the maternal aunt of Ausonius, a Gallo-Roman senator who became tutor to the Emperor Gratian. Ausonius wrote a series of biographical poems about his family members, including Ameilia, called Parentalia.
Everything we know today about Aemilia Hilaria and her family comes from Parentalia. Ausonius's poem about his aunt described her as a "dedicated virgin", who rejected marriage in order to further her career. He described her as "trained in the medical arts as well as any man." Gillian Clark (historian) suggested that the phrasing may suggested that Aemilia Hilaria pursued medicine as a "full-time commitment." Ausonius further described her as an honest and skilled physician, who also assisted her physician brother in his own studies. He referenced that she loved him as if she were his mother so that he performed her last rites as a son would.

## In popular culture

Aemilia is a featured figure on Judy Chicago's installation piece The Dinner Party, being represented as one of the 999 names on the Heritage Floor. She is related to the Hypatia place setting.
# Pescara Model 3 Helicopter

The Pescara Model 3 was the first of several coaxial helicopter designs by Raúl Pateras Pescara to demonstrate sustained controlled helicopter flight.

## Development

Argentinian engineer Pescara started helicopter development in 1916. Alberto Santos-Dumont helped fund experimentation on designs in France. Multiple examples were built, demonstrated, crashed, improved and rebuilt owing to conflicting and different names for the various versions. Anticipating success with the counter-rotating mechanism, Pescara patented a design with a streamlined fuselage with one set of rotors above, and one below the fuselage.
The model three was the first example to use control mechanisms as modern helicopters. The helicopter is based around a central shaft with counter-rotating rotors. Each rotor was doubled into a biplane arrangement with cable supports. It used a cyclic stick for forward and lateral control with rotor warping, and wheel for yaw anti-torque control. The main rotor shaft was able to tilt slightly for forward control. The rotors were also capable of autorotation in case of engine failure.

## Operational history

In September 1923, a 1 km flight attempt was nearly completed, before the vehicle crashed. On 24 March 1924 Étienne Oehmichen set a world helicopter record flight of 358m. On 18 April 1924 the model 2F bested the record and flew 736m at 8 mph to set a record in sustained vertical flight.

## Variants
### Pescara Model 1

    1919 - 45 hp (34 kW) Hispano automobile engine, later 170 hp (130 kW) Le Rhône Type 9R rotary

### Pescara Model 2

    45 hp (34 kW) Hispano automobile engine, Six pairs of Biplane blades

### Pescara Model 2F

    Rear mounted radiator replaced with tail surface.

### Pescara Model 3

    Four pair of conter-rotating biplane blades - 180 hp (130 kW) Hispano-Suiza 8

### Pescara Model 4S

    1931-Final British commissioned model featuring a radial engine with a small cooling propeller, and football shaped landing outriggers.

## Specifications (Model 3)

Data from Air Progress
General characteristics
* Crew: 1
* Powerplant: 1 × Hispano-Suiza 8 V-8 piston engine, 130 kW (180 hp)
* Main rotor diameter: 16 × 7.2 m (23 ft 7 in)
Performance
* Maximum speed: 13 km/h (8.0 mph, 7.0 kn)
* Range: 0.736 km (0.457 mi, 0.397 nmi) Demonstrated range
# Bessey-en-Chaume

Bessey-en-Chaume is a commune in the Côte-d'Or department in eastern France.
# Corticifraga nephromatis

Corticifraga nephromatis is a species of lichenicolous fungus in the family Gomphillaceae. Found in Alaska, it was described as a new species by Sergio Pérez-Ortega. The type was found in the Hoonah-Angoon Census Area in the east arm of Glacier Bay, where it was growing on the thallus of the foliose lichen Nephroma bellum. The specific epithet refers to the host lichen.
The fungus can be distinguished from similar species by its ascospores: they lack septa and have an ellipsoid shape with teardrop-shaped or acute ends. Corticifraga nephromatis is one of four species of Corticifraga known to occur in Alaska.
# New York Daily Sentinel

The New York Daily Sentinel, founded in 1830, was one of the first daily newspapers in the United States. It was founded by Benjamin Day, Willoughby Lynde, and William J. Stanley. Its publishers were Lynde, Stanley & Co., the Association of Working Men, and George H. Evans.

## History

At the time of establishing the New York Daily Sentinel, Day had just one year of experience working for commercial newspapers. Day wanted the paper to be available to as many people as possible, and formally established the Sentinel in 1830, with a low start-up cost supported by Lynde and Stanley. Lynde and Stanley would later launch The New York Transcript in 1834, the year after the Sentinel ceased publication.
The Sentinel aligned itself with the tenets of the New York Working Men's Party, which advocated for the rights of working class New Yorkers, particularly through the use of the press to disseminated knowledge.
The New York Daily Sentinel ceased publication on March 11, 1833. Day subsequently founded another newspaper, The Sun, with the motto, "It shines for everyone". By the middle of the 19th century, The Sun was the most widely circulated American newspaper, and, priced at one cent per copy, it was part of what became known in New York City as the Penny Press. George Henry Evans, founder of The Man and inspiration for the Homestead Act of 1862, eventually bought the paper from Day.
# Konishi anomaly

In theoretical physics, the Konishi anomaly is the violation of the conservation of the Noether current associated with certain transformations in theories with N=1 supersymmetry. More precisely, this transformation changes the phase of a chiral superfield. It shouldn't be confused with the R-symmetry that also depends on the fermionic superspace variables. The divergence of the corresponding Noether current for the Konishi transformation is nonzero but can be exactly expressed using the superpotential.
Konishi anomaly is named after its discoverer Kenichi Konishi, who is currently full professor of Theoretical Physics at the Physics Department E.Fermi of University of Pisa, Italy.
# Konisi Yabaki

Konisi Tabu Yabaki was a Fijian politician from the southern Kadavu Island. He served in the Cabinet from 2000 to 2006, but lost his portfolios as Minister for Fisheries and Forests after the parliamentary election of 6–13 May 2006. He was subsequently appointed Chairman of the parliamentary committee on Social Services.

## Political career

Yabaki won the Lomaivuna Namosi Kadavu Open Constituency for the Soqosoqo ni Vakavulewa ni Taukei (SVT) at the 1999 election. He was appointed Minister for Tourism and Transport in the interim government that was formed in July 2000 the wake of the failed Fiji coup of 2000, which deposed the elected government of Prime Minister Mahendra Chaudhry before being quashed by the Military. In the election held to restore democracy in September 2001, he won the Kadavu Fijian Communal Constituency for the Soqosoqo Duavata ni Lewenivanua (SDL), defeating James Ah Koy, who had held the seat for many years, and was subsequently appointed Minister for Forests and Fisheries.
Yabaki's political career was ended by the military coup of 2006.
# Francis Brown

Francis Brown may refer to:
* Francis Brown (theologian) (1849–1916), American Semitic scholar
* Francis Brown (college president) (1784–1820), president of Dartmouth College
* Francis Brown (mathematician) (born 1977), French-British mathematician
* Francis Ernest Brown (1869–1939), headmaster for Geelong Church of England Grammar School
* Francis David Millet Brown (1837–1895), Irish recipient of the Victoria Cross
* Francis Focer Brown (1891–1971), Midwestern American Impressionist painter, professor and director of the Muncie Art Museum
* Francis Graham Brown (1891–1942), Anglican bishop
* F. Taylor Brown (1925–2011), U.S. Navy admiral
* Francis Brown (priest) (1670–1724), Canon of Windsor
* Francis Shunk Brown (1858–1940), Pennsylvania lawyer and attorney general
* Francis Harold Brown (1943–2017), American geologist and geochemist
* Francis Clifton Brown (1874–1963), officer of the Royal Navy
# Fr. O'Leary Hall GAA

Fr. O'Leary Temperance Association Hall GAA was a Gaelic Athletic Association club located in Cork, Ireland. The club was solely concerned with the game of hurling.

## History

The Fr. O'Leary Total Abstinence Hall GAA club was founded in Cork in 1908. After successes in a number of Saturday and Sunday Leagues in 1910 and 1911, the club won the County Junior Championship in 1912. The club played in the County Intermediate Championship up to 1917 and spent a year in the County Senior Championship in 1918. Fr. O'Leary Hall amalgamated with the nearby St Finbarr's National Hurling & Football Club in 1919. That same year the club donated their now defunct kit to the Cork senior hurling team who were due to play Dublin in the All-Ireland final. In the week leading up to the game, British forces broke into the county board offices on Maylor Street in the city centre and seized the regular Cork jerseys. Cork went on to win the game, ending a sixteen-year spell without a trophy. Following this win Cork decided to wear the 'lucky' red jerseys in their future games.

## Honours

* Cork Junior Hurling Championship: 1912
* Cork Minor Hurling Championship: 1912

## Notable players

* John Dorney
* Con Lucy
* Jim Murphy
* Connie Neenan
* Dannix Ring
# New Era Social Club

The New Era Social Club was an informal society whose members were primarily British Columbian artists, which was formed in the late 1960s and which dissolved in the mid-1970s. The New Era Social Club was not part of any particular art movement. Rather than producing works directly associated with the club, the general intent was to broaden the public's perception of BC artists and the type of works that they produced.

## 2017 Installation

In 2017, the Brussels-based artist Alex Morrison, was commissioned to create a work of public art. The photographic installation, entitled Brand New Era Social Club, was installed at the Dal Grauer Substation in downtown Vancouver, as part of the 2017 Capture Photography Festival.
# Konstantynówka

Konstantynówka may refer to the following places:
* Konstantynówka, Lublin Voivodeship (east Poland)
* Konstantynówka, Gmina Giby in Podlaskie Voivodeship (north-east Poland)
* Konstantynówka, Gmina Sejny in Podlaskie Voivodeship (north-east Poland)
# Kono (restaurant)

Kono is a Japanese restaurant in New York City that primarily serves yakitori. It is located in the Canal Arcade, a pedestrian passageway that runs between Bowery and Elizabeth Street in Chinatown.
# Wilfred Edwards (VC)

Major Wilfred Edwards VC (16 February 1893 – 4 January 1972) was an English recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy by British and Commonwealth forces.
Edwards was born on 16 February 1893. He was 24 years old, and a private in the 7th Battalion, The King's Own Yorkshire Light Infantry, British Army during the First World War, and was awarded the VC for his actions on 16 August 1917 at Langemarck, Belgium:
   When all the company officers were lost, Private Edwards, without hesitation and under heavy machine-gun and rifle fire from a strong concrete fort, dashed forward at great personal risk, bombed through the loopholes, surmounted the fort and waved to his company to advance. Three officers and 30 other ranks were taken prisoner by him in the fort. Later he did most valuable work as a runner and eventually guided most of the battalion out through very difficult ground. Throughout he set a splendid example and was utterly regardless of danger.
Edwards was commissioned a second lieutenant in December 1917 and was demobilised in June 1919. He re-enlisted in the army when World War II broke out and rose to the rank of major.
He died in January 1972. His medals are displayed in the Kings Own Yorkshire Light Infantry Museum, Doncaster, England.
# Forte Duque de Bragança

Forte Duque de Bragança is a ruined fort located on the islet Ilhéu de Sal Rei off the northwestern coast of the island of Boa Vista, Cape Verde. The fort was named after the Duke of Bragança. The fort overlooks a stretch of coast where the anchorage required defending from piracy and coastal raiding, which were common in the Atlantic Ocean at the time. The island produced salt, which attracted international trade and wealth. It was sacked in 1815 and 1817; this led to the construction of a fort in 1818. Today in ruins, the fort has been partly excavated archaeologically by the University of Cambridge.