OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# NGC 6120

NGC 6120 is a peculiar spiral galaxy located roughly 440 million light-years (130 Megaparsecs) away from the Sun. It is located in the northern constellation of Corona Borealis, and is a member of the Abell 2199 galaxy cluster.
# Mzab

Mzab may refer to:
* M'zab, region in Algeria
* Mzab (Moroccan tribe), a tribe in Morocco
* Mzab gundi, species of rodent
* Mzab-Wargla, language
# William Muirhead (politician)

William Muirhead (April 4, 1819 – December 29, 1884) was a businessman and political figure in New Brunswick, Canada. He served on the Legislative Council of New Brunswick from 1867 to 1873.
In 1873, Muirhead was named to the Senate of Canada for Chatham division as a Liberal and served until his death in 1884.

## Biography

William Muirhead was born in Pictou, Nova Scotia, the son of John Muirhead, a Scottish immigrant. He was educated at Miramichi, New Brunswick. He settled in Chatham and married Annie Gray.

## Business career

Muirhead was involved in shipping goods and owned his own ships and mills. He was president of the Miramichi Shipbuilding Company and the Miramichi Warehousing and Dock Company. He was also director of the Maritime Bank of the Dominion and of the Northern Western Railway.
# Fabian Tan

Fabian Tan (born 25 February 1985 in Singapore) is a former Singaporean retired footballer.
# N-hydroxy-2-acetamidofluorene reductase

In enzymology, a N-hydroxy-2-acetamidofluorene reductase (EC 1.7.1.12) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
    2-acetamidofluorene + NAD(P)+ + H$_2$O $\rightleftharpoons$ N-hydroxy-2-acetamidofluorene + NAD(P)H + H$^+$
The 4 substrates of this enzyme are 2-acetamidofluorene, NAD$^+$, NADP$^+$, and H$_2$O, whereas its 4 products are N-hydroxy-2-acetamidofluorene, NADH, NADPH, and H$^+$.
This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on other nitrogenous compounds as donors with NAD+ or NADP+ as acceptor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is 2-acetamidofluorene:NAD(P)+ oxidoreductase. Other names in common use include N-hydroxy-2-acetylaminofluorene reductase, and NAD(P)H:N-hydroxy-2-acetamidofluorene N-oxidoreductase.
# Fabiano Lako

Fabiano Lako is a South Sudanese footballer who plays as a midfielder. He made his senior debut for South Sudan national football team in the 2013 CECAFA Cup.
# Dan Long

Dan or Danny Long may refer to:
* Dan Long (producer), American music producer, recording engineer, and mixer
* Dan Long (baseball) (1867–1929), outfielder in Major League Baseball
* Daniel E. Long Jr., United States Army general
* Danny Long (footballer), see 2012 FAI Cup
* Danny Long (boxer), see Robbie Sims
# NGC 2627

NGC 2627 is an open cluster of stars in the constellation Pyxis. It was discovered on March 3, 1793 by German-British astronomer William Herschel. Dutch astronomer J. L. E. Dreyer described it as "a cluster, considerably large, pretty rich, pretty compressed, stars from 11th to 13th magnitude". The cluster has an integrated visual magnitude of 8.4 and it spans an angular size of 11.0′. Around 15 stars are visible when viewed through binoculars. NGC 2627 is located at a distance of approximately 5,990 ly (1,837 pc) from the Sun, just above the galactic midplane.
This cluster has a Trumpler class of III 2m, which means it is generally average in appearance with no noticeable concentration of stars. It is of intermediate age, being around 1.4 billion years old. Correspondingly, the metallicity of the cluster is slightly sub-solar. The cluster population shows four different peaks of star formation, separated by relatively quiescent periods lasting two to three hundred million years.
# Rankinston F.C.

Rankinston Football Club was an association football club from the village of Rankinston, Ayrshire.

## History

The club was founded as Rankinston Mountaineers in 1876. Apart from a one-off reference in a friendly against Coylton Coila in 1880, its last recorded match under its full name was against Mauchline in February 1878, and the club was formally registered as Rankinston, although the media occasionally used the Rankinstone spelling.
It was never a large club; its highest membership, in its last season of 1882–83, was a mere 35. It was also never very active, only playing 10 matches in its last season before turning senior, and 9 in its first senior season.
Nevertheless, it was one of the inaugural entrants to the Ayrshire Cup in 1877–78, and it won through to the third round on three occasions, its best performance in 1879–80 seeing it only lose narrowly at Kilmarnock Athletic at that stage.
Perhaps encouraged by that the club turned senior and entered the 1880–81 Scottish Cup. It entered the national competition three times, and every time was drawn against Maybole in the first round. The first tie between the sides in 1880–81 was a brutal one, Maybole allegedly audibly deciding to play the man rather than the ball, only for Rankinston to retaliate to greater effect, reducing Maybole to 10 men, and winning 1–0, two further goals "disallowed by the referee from Maybole". Maybole however protested successfully against the lack of ropes and the Mountaineers' rough play, and the Scottish FA ordered a replay with a neutral referee. The replay took place at Springvale Park, the home of Ayr F.C., and Maybole scored a "decisive" 3–1 victory. Rankinston had a change of approach in the aftermath - its thrilling 5–5 draw with Hurlford in the Ayrshire Cup later in October was "one of the best ever played in Rankinston" and "of a friendly nature all through".
Its remaining Scottish Cup entries however were ignominious. In 1881–82 Maybole won 7–0 and in 1882–83 Rankinston simply scratched.
The club's last run in the Ayrshire Cup, in 1882–83, came to an unfortunate end; drawn at Largs Athletic in the quarter-final, the club's players missed the train, and the club had to scratch. The club's formal end came when it was struck off the Scottish FA's roll in August 1883. The name was revived for a Junior club in 1890.

## Colours

The club wore black and white jerseys and hose.

## Ground

The club's ground, Littlemills, was 2½ miles from Drongan railway station.
# Family economy

The family economy is a term used to describe the family as an economic unit. The early stages of development in many economies are characterized by family based production.
According to Ross and Sawhill, most economic activity in pre-industrial times occurred within the household, with economic activities like production and distribution being arranged through culture and tradition. The family was also important because birth, family ties, and local custom determined economic status in communities. They describe the family as a "productive unit" and state that physical strength was an essential element in survival.
The family economic unit has always been dependent on specialized labor done by family members. The family was a multi-generational producer with capital and land provided by older generations and labor provided by younger generations. Goods were produced not only for home consumption but to sell and trade in the market as well. Family production was not only limited to agricultural products but they also produced manufacturing goods and provided services.
In order to sustain a viable family economy during the pre-industrial era, labor was needed. The labor needed to operate the farm and provide old-age support came from family members, fertility was high. High fertility and guaranteed employment on the family farm made education, beyond the basic literacy needed to read the Bible, expensive and unnecessary.

## Industrial revolution in Europe

Around the time of the post industrial stage, the European family changed from a unit of production to a unit of consumption. The new era of industrialization that Europe now found itself in brought numerous change to Europe. Now farming could be done with less individuals, removing the need for children as economic assets and instead created a view in which they were seen as liabilities. In addition to this, new ideas and inventions that allowed for the industrialization to take place further contributed to the demise of the family economy. The new social norms saw a capitalist market that encouraged production in large scale factories, farms and mines. Wage labor would become a staple of European society and saw family members no longer working together but instead using their wages they had earned to buy goods which they consumed as a family unit. The industrial revolution, starting in the nineteenth and going into the twentieth century, is seen as the force that changed the economic family and is essentially responsible for the "modern family."
# Falmouth Trescobeas (electoral division)

Falmouth Trescobeas (Cornish: Aberfala Treskebeys) was an electoral division of Cornwall in the United Kingdom which returned one member to sit on Cornwall Council between 2013 and 2021. It was abolished at the 2021 local elections, being succeeded by Falmouth Trescobeas and Budock.

## Councillors

| Election | Member | Member | Party |
| 2009 | | David Saunby | Independent |
| 2013 | | David Saunby | Independent |
| 2017 | | David Saunby | Independent |
| 2021 | Seat abolished | Seat abolished | Seat abolished |

## Extent

Falmouth Trescobeas represented the north west of the town of Falmouth, including Mongleath and Falmouth School. Although the division was nominally abolished in 2013, this had very little effect on the ward. Both before and after the boundary changes, the division covered 149 hectares in total.

## Election results
### 2017 election

2017 election: Falmouth Trescobeas :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Independent | David Saunby | 623 | 50.0 |
| | Labour Co-op | Brod Ross | 255 | 20.5 |
| | Conservative | Frances Gwyn | 199 | 16.0 |
| | Liberal Democrats | Stephen Williams | 88 | 7.1 |
| | Green | Euan McPhee | 67 | 5.4 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 368 | 29.6 |
| Rejected ballots | Rejected ballots | Rejected ballots | 13 | 1.0 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 1245 | 35.4 |
| | Independent hold | Independent hold | Swing | |

### 2013 election

2013 election: Falmouth Trescobeas :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Independent | David Saunby | 462 | 37.7 |
| | Labour Co-op | Brod Ross | 285 | 23.3 |
| | UKIP | Carole Douglas | 154 | 12.6 |
| | Independent | Vicky Eva | 135 | 11.0 |
| | Conservative | Peter Williams | 94 | 7.7 |
| | Green | Euan McPhee | 43 | 3.5 |
| | Liberal Democrats | Rhun Davies | 30 | 2.4 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 177 | 14.4 |
| Rejected ballots | Rejected ballots | Rejected ballots | 22 | 1.8 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 1225 | 33.2 |
| | Independent hold | Independent hold | Swing | |

### 2009 election

2009 election: Falmouth Trescobeas :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Independent | David Saunby | 572 | 41.3 | |
| | Independent | Vicky Eva | 303 | 21.9 | |
| | Liberal Democrats | John Ault | 204 | 14.7 | |
| | Conservative | Georgina Brown | 185 | 13.4 | |
| | Labour | Lesley Trenchard | 107 | 7.7 | |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 269 | 19.4 | |
| Rejected ballots | Rejected ballots | Rejected ballots | 14 | 1.0 | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 1385 | 38.7 | |
| | Independent win (new seat) | Independent win (new seat) | Independent win (new seat) | Independent win (new seat) | Independent win (new seat) |
# William Salusbury

William Salusbury or Salesbury may refer to:
* William Salesbury (c. 1520–c. 1584), Welsh scholar
* William Salesbury (of Rhug) (1580–1660), Welsh privateer
* William Salusbury (MP) (1519–1559), MP for Barnstaple
* Sir William Salusbury-Trelawny, 8th Baronet (1781–1856), MP for Cornwall
# William Reeves (finance)

William Huntington Reeves (born 1963/64) is an American businessman and the co-founder of the hedge fund, BlueCrest Capital Management.

## Early life

Reeves has a BA in English from Yale University, and an MA in Philosophy from New York University.

## Career

Reeves is a former trader of JP Morgan and Chase Company. In 2000, he co-founded BlueCrest Capital Management with Michael Platt.
In 2009, he and Platt owned 75% of BlueCrest. In 2010, he was reported to have a net worth of £375 million.
# Family planning in Hong Kong

Family planning in Hong Kong occurs within a context of a total fertility rate in Hong Kong of currently 1.04 children per woman, one of the lowest in the world.
The Eugenics League was founded in 1936, which became The Family Planning Association of Hong Kong in 1950. The organisation provides family planning advice, sex education and birth control services to the general public. In the 1970s, due to the rapidly rising population, it launched the "Two is Enough" campaign, which reduced the general birth rate through educational means.
The Family Planning Association of Hong Kong was one of the eight family planning organisations that founded the International Planned Parenthood Federation.
# Daniel Lloyd

Daniel Lloyd may refer to:
* Daniel Lewis Lloyd (1843–1899), schoolteacher and cleric
* Dan Lloyd (American football) (born 1953), NFL linebacker for the New York Giants
* Daniel B. Lloyd, U.S. Navy admiral
* Danny Lloyd (born 1972), American child actor
* Daniel Lloyd (cyclist) (born 1980), English professional road racing cyclist
* Daniel Lloyd (actor and musician) (born 1982), bilingual Welsh actor and singer-songwriter
* Daniel Lloyd (Nigerian actor), Nigerian actor
* Danny Lloyd (footballer) (born 1991), English professional footballer
* Daniel Lloyd (footballer) (born 1992), Australian rules footballer
* Daniel Lloyd (racing driver) (born 1992), British racing car driver
# Raphiocera

Raphiocera is a genus of flies in the family Stratiomyidae.

## Species

* Raphiocera armata (Wiedemann, 1830)
* Raphiocera bispinosa (Wiedemann, 1830)
* Raphiocera hoplistes (Wiedemann, 1830)
* Raphiocera hortulana (Wiedemann, 1830)
* Raphiocera papaveroi Pimentel & Pujol-Luz, 2003
* Raphiocera syrphoides (Macquart, 1838)
# William T. Warrener

William Tom Warrener (1861 – 1934) was an English painter of portraits, landscapes and figurative subjects. He is best known for being the subject of his friend Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec's painting L'Anglais au Moulin Rouge (The Englishman at the Moulin Rouge) (1892). He also appears in the background of Jane Avril dansant (1892).

## Life and career

Born in Lincoln, England, to a coal merchant and magistrate, Warrener studied at the Lincoln School of Art, where he was awarded the Mayor of Lincoln's gold medal, and a Queen's Prize in the National Art Examinations at South Kensington, before studying at the Slade School of Fine Art, before moving to Paris in 1885 to study at the Académie Julien under Gustave Boulanger and Jules Lefebvre.
He made his debut at the Paris Salon in 1886 and in 1887 won an honourable mention for his painting The Confession. He went on to exhibit eight works at the Royal Academy, which included The Confession and A Comrade's Visit.
The former painting would have been selected for purchase by the Chantrey Bequest, but it was not eligible due to its being painted outside England. In 1890, it was exhibited at the annual arts exhibition held by the Lincoln School of Art, and was described in the Lincoln Gazette as dealing with a difficult subject in a powerful and sympathetic manner.
In 1895, he was elected as a member of the Royal Society of British Artists.
By 1906, Warrener had given up painting and returned to Lincoln in order to involve himself in the family business. That same year, he co-founded the Lincolnshire Drawing Club.
He became the first President of the Lincolnshire Artists' Society on its foundation in 1930.

## Style

Warrener's style exhibits a significant French influence, and he was a keen admirer of Toulouse-Lautrec. By 1891, he had moved into more advanced practices, with strong colours such as yellow and green.

## Friendship with Toulouse-Lautrec

While in Paris, Warrener made the acquaintance of William Rothenstein and Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec. He was painted by the latter, who used his likeness in two paintings, L'Anglais au Moulin Rouge (The Englishman at the Moulin Rouge) (1892), where he was made to appear much older than his thirty-one years, and Jane Avril dansant (1892), where he appears in the background.
# Daniel Béguin

Daniel Béguin is a French politician and a member of The Greens-Europe Écologie.
He is regional vice-president in Lorraine. In 2009, he was selected to be The Greens-Europe Écologie's candidate in Lorraine for the 2010 regional elections.
# Damës, Gjirokastër

Damës (also, Damasi, Damësi and Damsi) is a village in the former Memaliaj Fshat municipality, Gjirokastër County, Albania. At the 2015 local government reform it became part of the municipality Memaliaj.
# NGC 4454

NGC 4454 is a barred spiral galaxy located about 123 million light-years away in the constellation of Virgo. NGC 4454 was discovered by astronomer William Herschel on April 17, 1784.
One supernova, SN 2020abgq (type Ia, mag. 16.3), was discovered in NGC 4454 on 30 November, 2020.
# NGC 4455

NGC 4455 is a spiral galaxy located in the constellation of Coma Berenices at an approximate distance of 28.06 Mly. NGC 4455 was discovered in 1785 by William Herschel.
# 1871 Fijian House of Delegates election

Elections to the House of Delegates were held in Fiji in the summer of 1871.

## Background

After being crowned King of Fiji on 5 June 1871, Seru Epenisa Cakobau called for the election of members of the House of Delegates to scrutinise the proposed constitution.

## Results

A total of 30 European members were elected, representing most areas with European settlement. The elected members sat alongside 30 chiefs.

### Elected members

| Settlement | Elected members |
| Ba | J. Berry, H. Kennedy |
| Bua | R.L. Holmes |
| Dreketi | R.J.W. Cave |
| Koro | R. Galloway |
| Levuka | A. Levy, J.A. Manton, J.R. Ryley |
| Lomaloma | H. Emberson, W. Hennings, R.S. Swanston |
| Lower Rewa | Newmarsh |
| Macuata | James Stewart Butters |
| Nadroga | Robert Wilson Hamilton |
| Navua | Brown |
| Ovalau | Bateman |
| Ra | W.R. Scott |
| Savu Savu | A.D. Lang, H.B. Smith |
| Suva | C.A. Egerstrom |
| Tova and Nananu | Andrews |
| Upper Rewa | H. Eastgate, J.M. Haslett, G. Hennings |
| Source: Routledge ||
* ↑ Replaced by H. Levick in early August.

## Aftermath

The newly elected House was opened by Cakobau on 1 August. After amendments were made to the constitution, including the creation of a Privy Council and the creation of a Legislative Assembly consisting solely of Europeans, the document was signed by Cakobau on 18 August. Writs were subsequently issued for elections to the Legislative Assembly, which were held by the start of October.
# Olga Krasilová

Olga Krasilová (born 18 March 1925) Is a Czech cross-country skier. She competed in the women's 10 kilometres at the 1956 Winter Olympics.

## Cross-country skiing results
### Olympic Games

| Year | Age | 10 km | 3 × 5 km  relay |
| 1956 | 30 | 25 | — |

### World Championships

| Year | Age | 10 km | 3 × 5 km  relay |
| 1954 | 28 | — | 5 |
# Convex compactification

In mathematics, specifically in convex analysis, the convex compactification is a compactification which is simultaneously a convex subset in a locally convex space in functional analysis. The convex compactification can be used for relaxation (as continuous extension) of various problems in variational calculus and optimization theory. The additional linear structure allows e.g. for developing a differential calculus and more advanced considerations e.g. in relaxation in variational calculus or optimization theory. It may capture both fast oscillations and concentration effects in optimal controls or solutions of variational problems. They are known under the names of relaxed or chattering controls (or sometimes bang-bang controls) in optimal control problems.
The linear structure gives rise to various maximum principles as first-order necessary optimality conditions, known in optimal-control theory as Pontryagin's maximum principle. In variational calculus, the relaxed problems can serve for modelling of various microstructures arising in modelling Ferroics, i.e. various materials exhibiting e.g. Ferroelasticity (as Shape-memory alloys) or Ferromagnetism. The first-order optimality conditions for the relaxed problems leads Weierstrass-type maximum principle.
In partial differential equations, relaxation leads to the concept of measure-valued solutions.
The notion was introduced by Roubíček in 1991.

## Example

* The set of Young measures arising from bounded sets in Lebesgue spaces.
* The set of DiPerna-Majda measures arising from bounded sets in Lebesgue spaces.
# Epsilon transition

An epsilon transition (also epsilon move or lambda transition) allows an automaton to change its state spontaneously, i.e. without consuming an input symbol. It may appear in almost all kinds of nondeterministic automaton in formal language theory, in particular:
* Nondeterministic Turing machine
* Nondeterministic pushdown automaton
* Nondeterministic finite automaton
# Cornwall Emards

The Cornwall Emards were a team in the Quebec Senior Football League and the Quebec Rugby Football Union in the 1950s and 1960s. In 1958 they lost to the Verdun Shamcats in the league championship. In September 1960, the Emards tied with Verdun for first place, the first time since 1934.
# List of Belarusian Academy Award winners and nominees

This is a list of Academy Award winners and nominees from Belarus.

## Best Actor in a Leading Role

Best Actor :
| Year | Name | Film | Status |
| 1949 | Kirk Douglas | Champion | Nominated |
| 1952 | Kirk Douglas | The Bad and the Beautiful | Nominated |
| 1956 | Kirk Douglas | Lust for Life | Nominated |

## Best Adapted Screenplay

Best Adapted Screenplay :
| Year | Name | Film | Status | Milestone / Notes |
| 1934 | Ben Hecht | Viva Villa! | Nominated | |
| 1939 | Ben Hecht | Wuthering Heights | Nominated | |

## Best Original Screenplay

Best Original Screenplay :
| Year | Name | Film | Status | Milestone / Notes |
| 1940 | Ben Hecht | Angels Over Broadway | Nominated | |
| 1946 | Ben Hecht | Notorious | Nominated | |

## Best Story

Best Story :
| Year | Name | Film | Status | Milestone / Notes |
| 1928 | Ben Hecht | Underworld | Won | |
| 1935 | Ben Hecht | The Scoundrel | Won | |

## Best Original Score

Best Original Music Score :
| Year | Name | Film | Status |
| 1940 | Louis Gruenberg | The Fight for Life | Nominated |
| 1941 | Louis Gruenberg | So Ends Our Night | Nominated |
| 1943 | Louis Gruenberg | Commandos Strike at Dawn | Nominated |

## Nominations and Winners

| No. of wins | No. of nominations |
| 2 | 9 |
# Q-principle

In the Neo-Gricean approach to semantics and pragmatics championed by Yale linguist Laurence Horn, the Q-principle ("Q" for "Quantity") is a reformulation of Paul Grice's maxim of quantity (see Gricean maxims) combined with the first two sub-maxims of manner. The Q-principle states: "Say as much as you can (given R)." As such it interacts with the R-principle, which states: "Say no more than you must (given Q)."
The Q-principle leads to the implicature (or narrowing) that if the speaker did not make a stronger statement (or say more), then its denial is (implied to be) true. For instance, the inference from "He entered a house" to "He did not enter his own house" is Q-based inference, i.e. deriving from the Q-principle.
# Qaratağlar

40°25′N 46°06′E﻿ / ﻿40.417°N 46.100°E﻿ / 40.417; 46.100
Qaratağlar (also, Karataglar) is a village in the Dashkasan Rayon of Azerbaijan. The village forms part of the municipality of Qaraqullar.