OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# M. A. Kuttappan

M. A. Kuttappan (12 April 1947 – 20 June 2023) was an Indian National Congress politician from Kerala, India. Elected as Member of the Legislative Assembly four times, he also served as the Minister for Welfare of Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes and Backward Classes in the Third Antony ministry from 2001 to 2004 and as the Chief Whip of the Congress in the 10th Kerala Assembly.

## Biography

Kuttappan was born on 12 April 1947, to Ayyappan and Kalyani in a Dalit family in Valakkuzhy, Mallappalli Taluk in present-day Pathanamthitta District of Kerala. He received his MBBS from Kottayam Medical College in 1977 and his MS from Thiruvananthapuram Medical College in 1979.
Before joining politics, he served as a tutor in pediatric surgery from 1973 to 1975 in Government T D Medical College, Alappuzha, for five years from 1975 to 1980 as an assistant surgeon in the Kerala health services department and four years as a medical officer in the Cochin Port Trust Hospital, from 1983 to 1987.
He has also served as a member of the Khadi and Village Industries Commission, a member of the Southern Railway Recruitment Board, a member of the Calicut University Senate and a member of the KPCC Executive Committee.

### Personal life and death

Kuttappan and his wife Beeby John have two sons. After leaving Pathanamthitta, he lived with his family in Saket, Nivya Nagar, Perandur in Ernakulam district. He died on 20 June 2023, in a private hospital in Kochi.

## Political career

Kuttappan got attracted to mainstream politics and became active in organizational activities while serving as house surgeon at Ernakulam General Hospital from Kottayam Medical College. He then resigned from the job to pursue full-time political activity. Kuttappan joined the Indian National Congress in 1978 through the Congress Reform Committee.
In 1980, Kuttappan was first elected to the Kerala Legislative Assembly from Wandur constituency. He was then elected as MLA from Chelakara in 1987 and from Njarakkal in 1996 and 2001. From May 2001 to August 2004, he served as the Minister for Welfare of Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes and Backward Classes in the A. K. Antony cabinet.
Kuttappan was one of the members of A (led by A. K. Antony) group in Congress politics. The fight between the A and I (named after Indira Gandhi, led by Karunakaran) groups intensified and Oommen Chandy resigned from Karunakaran's cabinet because Kuttappan was denied Rajya Sabha seat on behalf of the group politics. Kuttappan, who was in the cabinet when Antony became the chief minister, lost his ministerial post when Oommen Chandy became the chief minister. It is believed that he lost his candidature in Njarakkal due to his later joining the I group.
In 2013, he suffered a stroke during the MA John memorial speech at Kuryanadu and following that he retired from political life due to ill health. Although he almost recovered his health through treatment, he did not enter active politics after that.
# Prasophyllum hians

Prasophyllum hians, commonly known as the yawning leek orchid, is a species of orchid endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is a common, tall leek orchid with a single smooth, tubular leaf and up to fifty or more pink and fawn flowers with a frilly labellum.

## Description

Prasophyllum hians is a terrestrial, perennial, deciduous, herb with an underground tuber and a single smooth green, tube-shaped leaf 150–300 mm (6–10 in) long and 2–4 mm (0.08–0.2 in) in diameter. Between twenty and fifty or more flowers are arranged on a flowering stem 150–300 mm (6–10 in) tall. The flowers are pink and fawn, about 8 mm (0.3 in) long and wide. As with others in the genus, the flowers are inverted so that the labellum is above the column rather than below it. The lateral sepals are joined to each other and the petals face forwards. The labellum is white, turns upwards through about 90° and has a frilly edge. Flowering occurs from September to November.

## Taxonomy and naming

Prasophyllum hians was first formally described in 1871 by Heinrich Gustav Reichenbach and the description was published in Beitrage zur Systematischen Pflanzenkunde. The specific epithet (hians) is a Latin word meaning "open" or "gaping", referring to the open appearance of the flower.

## Distribution and habitat

The yawning leek orchid grows in a range of habitats from wet areas to forest between Dongara and Israelite Bay in the Avon Wheatbelt, Esperance Plains, Jarrah Forest, Swan Coastal Plain and Warren biogeographic regions.

## Conservation

Prasophyllum hians is classified as "not threatened" by the Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife.
# École de L'Aviation de Chasse 314 Christian Martell

47°25′55″N 0°43′23″E﻿ / ﻿47.432°N 0.723°E﻿ / 47.432; 0.723
École de L'Aviation de Chasse 314 Christian Martell was a French Air and Space Force (Armée de l'air et de l'espace) Fighter Pilot Training School located at Tours Saint Symphorien Air Base (BA 705), Indre-et-Loire, France which operated the Dassault/Dornier Alpha Jet. It was operational from 1961, until Pilatus PC-21 light trainers were ordered to replace its Alpha Jets, which entered service in 2018 with EPAA 00.315 at BA 709 Cognac.
On 12 September 2020, École de Pilotage de l’Armée de l’Air 315 Général Jarry (EPAA 00.315) was merged with the école de l'aviation chasse EAC 00.314, to form l'école de l'aviation de chasse 00.315 "Christian Martell" at Cognac.
EAC 00.315 has Pilatus PC-21 aircraft (EIV 1/13 Artois, EIV 3/4 Limousin et EIV 3/13 Auvergne) and Grob 120 aircraft (EIV 2/12 Picardie, STANEVAL 1/11 Roussillon et EIV 4/11 Jura). It manages des parcours de formations de navigants, désignés par "Mentor" (Mentor 1 ; Mentor 2 à partir de 2025).
The insignia of EAC 00.315 is a stork on a night-blue starry background.
# Niphoparmena longespinipennis

Niphoparmena longespinipennis is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Stephan von Breuning in 1970.
# Sailing Away

Sailing Away may refer to:
* "Sailing Away" (All of Us song)
* "Sailing Away", a song by Chris de Burgh from Flying Colours
# Obiit

Obiits were an annual endowed service commemorating the dead. Feast days for patron saints were often reserved for endowed masses associated with the obiit, sometimes in a chantry.

## Background

The practice has its origin in the recitation of the names of living and dead Christians (part of the intercessory prayers of the Canon of the Mass). As these lists grew in length separate ceremonies became necessary.
Though many obiit vigils were of the endowed sort, more modest collective obiit was available for parishioners who could not afford an endowment.

## Liturgy

The liturgy used for obiit ceremonies with the Office and Mass for the Dead. It began with Vespers and Matins followed by Commendations. At dawn a series of psalms and prayers were read, then before the final Requiem Mass service, there might be a procession to the grave of the deceased.

## Food and drink

Like most medieval social and community gatherings, shared food and drink were a feature of many obiit vigils. Guilds gathered for the obiit vigils of their members and benefactors, and shared food and drink were common place at these gatherings. Bread, cheese and ale were given out in the guild chapel at an obiit held in 1442 for the parker of Fulbrook (meaning park-keeper in Middle English) at the guild of the Holy Cross at Stratford-upon-Avon. In 1533 cakes, comfits, wine, ale and cheese were distributed at The Trinity Guild of Coventry for the obiit of alderman Nicholas Burwey.
# Oxley Barn

The Oxley Barn, near Quinter in Gove County, Kansas, is a wood-framed barn with a Gambrel roof. It was built in 1911 and expanded later. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2008.
It was built by Benjamin Franklin Oxley upon a concrete foundation.
The barn is 54 by 68 feet (16 m × 21 m) in plan, rising to 42 feet (13 m) and topped by a cupola with one of five lightning rods along the peak of the roof. It was expanded by construction of a lean-to a few years after its original construction in 1911.
It has also been known as the Big Red Barn. A black and white photo from the 1930s shows a farmer and horses in front of the large barn.
It is located about 1.5 miles (2.4 km) northeast of Quinter. It can be seen for miles, including from the Interstate 70.
# Reedy Creek Reserve

Reedy Creek Reserve is a 452–hectare nature reserve on the coast of south-eastern Queensland, Australia, 3 km south of the expanding tourist township of Agnes Water and borders the Deepwater National Park. It is located 134 km north of Bundaberg and 495 km north of Brisbane. It is owned and managed by Bush Heritage Australia (BHA), to which 450 ha of land was donated in 2004 by Michael and Dellarose Baevski.

## History

The coast of south-east Queensland is subject to extensive land clearing for residential and recreational development. In a cooperative partnership with a local developer, Sunrise@1770, part of the donated property is being used for environmentally-sensitive residential housing in order to fund the management and protection of the remainder, with no more than 2% of the entire site being cleared.

## Flora and fauna

The reserve contains open Corymbia woodland, Melaleuca forest, wallum heath communities, Pandanus-lined wetlands and cabbage palms. Recorded animal species of conservation significance include the beach stone-curlew, grey goshawk, delicate mouse and Dunmall's snake. A beach adjacent to the reserve is a breeding area for the endangered loggerhead turtle and will be managed by BHA.
# Piz dal Teo

Piz dal Teo is a mountain in the Livigno Alps, located on the border between Italy and Switzerland. It lies south of Scima da Saoseo.
# Port Dinorwic railway station

Port Dinorwic railway station was the name of two railway stations located on the Bangor and Carnarvon Railway near the village of Port Dinorwic (now Y Felinheli), Gwynedd, Wales. The first station was opened in 1852 and closed in 1874. A replacement station with the same name was opened later in 1874. This closed to passengers in 1960 and to all traffic in 1964.
The stations were not the first in the village. Previously a small station for goods only was opened in 1824 on the Dinorwic Railway, which was later replaced by the 1842 Padarn Railway. These were built to take slate from the Dinorwic Quarry to the village. The new station of 1852 however connected local residents to passenger services throughout the country.
The line through the 1852 station was doubled in 1872. and it was decided to demolish it and build a new replacement on a site 200 yards to the south, nearer the village. This station was far more substantial with a two-storey yellow brick station building, ticket office, waiting room and toilets. The second (down) platform was connected by an underpass to the first and had a yellow brick shelter on it. A small signal box was found close by.
The main station building is still in existence and was Grade II listed in 1997.
| Preceding station | Historical railways | Historical railways | Historical railways | Following station |
| Treborth | | Bangor and Carnarvon Railway | | Griffith's Crossing |
# Lama-Kara

Lama-Kara is the full name for the town of Kara in the Kara Region of north Togo.
# Rapala Tournament Fishing

Rapala Tournament Fishing is a fishing video game developed by Fun Labs and Magic Wand Productions and sponsored by Rapala. It was released by Activision on Wii and Xbox 360 in 2006-2007.

## Critical reaction

Aggregate score :
| Aggregator | Score | Score |
| Aggregator | Wii | Xbox 360 |
| Metacritic | 41/100 | 41/100 |
Review scores :
| Publication | Score | Score |
| Publication | Wii | Xbox 360 |
| EP Daily | 5/10 | N/A |
| Eurogamer | 3/10 | N/A |
| GameSpot | 4.5/10 | N/A |
| IGN | 3/10 | 4.5/10 |
| Jeuxvideo.com | 9/20 | N/A |
| NGamer | 50% | N/A |
| Official Xbox Magazine (US) | N/A | 4/10 |
The game received "unfavorable" reviews according to the review aggregation website Metacritic. GameSpot criticized the Wii version's unresponsive controls, unchallenging nature of the fish themselves, graphical quirks and inappropriate force feedback. However, the pleasant music and inclusion of a wide variety of fishing equipment were highlighted as good features. IGN also described the gameplay of the same console version as "nearly broken".
# Dobri Terpeshev

Dobri Kolev Terpeshev (Bulgarian: Добри Колев Терпешев; 15 May 1884 — 15 January 1967) was a Bulgarian Communist politician, resistance fighter and later a statesman in the People's Republic of Bulgaria.

## Biography

Terpeshev was born Izvorovo. He was a member of the Bulgarian Workers' Social Democratic Party since 1903. He was mobilized during the Balkan Wars and was sentenced to death in 1912 for anti-war activities however was later pardoned.
In the 1920s he was a commander of the Military Organization of the Bulgarian Communist Party. He was sentenced to death during the April events in Bulgaria in 1925 which occurred after the St Nedelya Church assault. His sentence was lowered and he was imprisoned until 1937. In 1938 he became a member of the Central Committee of the BCP.
In 1941 he was arrested and imprisoned, from where he escaped in 1943. After his escape, Terpeshev became a member of the Politburo of the BCP and soon established himself as one of the most authoritative member of the party leadership in the country. He was commander of the People's Liberation Insurgent Army (NOVA) and was among the Chief organizer of the resistance movement during the Second World War.
After the overthrow of the government of Ivan Bagryanov, he negotiated with the cabinet of Konstantin Muraviev for a peaceful transfer of power into the hands of the Fatherland Front. Terpeshev was among the main figures in the seizure of power of September 1944.
He was a Minister without portfolio from 1944 to 1947. From 1945 to 1950 he served as Chairman of the Supreme Economic Council and the later the State Planning Commission. He was Deputy Chairman of the Council of Ministers from 1949 to 1950. He was a Member of the National Assembly from 1945 to 1957.
Terpeshev was president of the International Federation of Resistance Fighters – Association of Anti-Fascists from 1948 to 1950.
In 1950, after the trial against Traicho Kostov, he was removed from the Politburo, accused of failing to inform the party leadership in a timely manner of Traicho Kostov's "anti-Soviet" activities. At the April plenum of the Central Committee of the Bulgarian Communist Party in 1956, Terpeshev exposed Todor Zhivkov's insignificant participation in the partisan movement and gave a speech against his election as the new general secretary of the BCP.
Because of his opposition to Zhivkov, he was removed from the Central Committee and other government positions. In 1961 his pension was taken away, in 1964 he was deported from Sofia to Pleven. He died in 1967 at the age of 83.
# Nixon v. Long

Nixon v. Long, 1 U.S. (1 Dall.) 6 (Pa. 1762) is a decision of the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania, issued when Pennsylvania was still a British colony. It is among the first decisions that appear in the first volume of United States Reports.

## Colonial and early state court cases in the United States Reports

None of the decisions appearing in the first volume and most of the second volume of the United States Reports are actually decisions of the United States Supreme Court. Instead, they are decisions from various Pennsylvania courts, dating from the colonial period and the first decade after independence. Alexander Dallas, a Philadelphia, Pennsylvania lawyer and journalist, had been in the business of reporting these cases for newspapers and periodicals. He subsequently began compiling his case reports in a bound volume, which he called Reports of cases ruled and adjudged in the courts of Pennsylvania, before and since the Revolution. This would come to be known as the first volume of Dallas Reports.
When the United States Supreme Court, along with the rest of the new Federal Government, moved in 1791 to the nation's temporary capital in Philadelphia, Dallas was appointed the Supreme Court's first unofficial and unpaid Supreme Court Reporter. (Court reporters in that age received no salary, but were expected to profit from the publication and sale of their compiled decisions.) Dallas continued to collect and publish Pennsylvania decisions in a second volume of his Reports, and when the Supreme Court began hearing cases, he added those cases to his reports, starting towards the end of the second volume, 2 Dallas Reports. Dallas would go on to publish a total of 4 volumes of decisions during his tenure as Reporter.
In 1874, the U.S. government created the United States Reports, and numbered the volumes previously published privately as part of that series, starting from the first volume of Dallas Reports. The four volumes Dallas published were retitled volumes 1 - 4 of United States Reports. As a result, the complete citation to Nixon v. Long is 1 U.S. (1 Dall.) 6 (Pa. 1762).

## The decision

Little is known about the nature of the case or the specific legal dispute at issue in this case. Possibly, the case involved a dispute over ownership (title) to the cargo of a vessel – perhaps merchandise consigned to the master of a cargo vessel who was charged to deliver the cargo to a destination, sell that cargo and then return the proceeds to the consignor. Another possibility is that a government official may have taken action against a vessel, its passengers, its crew, or its cargo. But Dallas's report of the case gives neither the facts of the case nor the specifics of the legal issue whose decision he was reporting.
What is clear is that for some reason, the master of a sailing vessel issued a protest to some action that some person or entity was undertaking. The court's decision was that the master's protest was allowed to be given into evidence.
Despite the lack of context for the court's decision, it has been cited in several later state and federal court opinions.
# Bergmeister's papilla

Bergmeister's papilla arises from the centre of the optic disc, consists of a small tuft of fibrous tissue and represents a remnant of the fetal hyaloid artery.
The hyaloid artery provides nutrition to the lens during development in the fetus, and runs forward to the lens from the optic disc. The optic disc is covered by a plaque of fibrous cells called the central supporting tissue meniscus of Kuhnt. This plaque forms a fibrous sheath around the hyaloid artery where it leaves the optic disc.
At birth the hyaloid artery regresses, and is normally completely regressed by the time of eyelid opening. Bergmeister's papilla is a remnant of the hyaloid artery fibrous sheath and is frequently observed as an incidental clinical finding. Bergmeister's papilla is named after Austrian ophthalmologist O. Bergmeister (1845–1918).
# Oxford Fashion Week

Oxford Fashion Week was an annual independent fashion showcase in Oxford, England. It was founded in 2009 by Oxford University graduates Carl Anglim and Victoria Watson. The event was organised by Carl Anglim and Tiff Saunders. Anglim was the director and Saunders was the assistant director. Oxford Fashion Week showcased the talent of designers such as Alexander McQueen, Matthew Williamson and Valentin Yudashkin. The last event appears to have taken place in 2016.

## History

Oxford Fashion Week was established in 2009. The event was an annual fashion feature and took place primarily over the course of one week in the year, with satellite events at other times. In 2009 and 2010, Oxford Fashion Week took place in May. In 2011, it took place in March. In 2012, it took place in November. From 2013 to 2016, the Oxford fashion week took place biannually displaying summer collections in March and autumn collections in September.
Oxford Fashion Week was mostly produced by volunteers from across the United Kingdom, although in 2012 it was produced by events production company BMLY Ltd.
The event took place in a range of notable venues across the city of Oxford. Venues included the Ashmolean Museum, Oxford Town Hall, Malmaison hotel, the Randolph hotel, Oxford University Examination Schools, and the Sheldonian theatre.

## Designers and shows

Oxford Fashion Week featured a wide variety of designers, from established international brands such as Alexander McQueen, Matthew Williamson and Valentin Yudashkin, to up-and-coming talent such as Ara Jo and Yvonne Lau (both of whose designs have been sported by Lady Gaga).
The shows were arranged by clothing category, rather than by individual designer. Most years featured a concept fashion show, a ready to wear show, and an haute couture show, among others.
The catwalk shows featured a mix of professional models and new faces, and some models first discovered at Oxford Fashion Week have since gone on to have successful modelling careers.
# Reedy Creek Park

Reedy Creek Park is a 125-acre (51 ha) urban park at 2900 Rocky River Road in the Newell section of Charlotte, North Carolina. Adjacent to the park is a 737 acre nature preserve.
The main park contains courts and fields for basketball, softball, tennis, soccer, horseshoes, cricket, and volleyball. There are indoor and outdoor picnic facilities, extensive benches, playgrounds, a disc golf course, a dog park, a community garden, several ponds, and a lakeside fishing pier. Reedy Creek Park is the home of the Charlotte based South Park Cricket Club.
The ruins of the John Robinson Rockhouse, a revolutionary era structure dating from the 1780s, lies deep within Reedy Creek Park, and can be reached by one of the popular trails leading through the nature preserve. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2009.

## Reedy Creek Nature Center and Preserve

The associated nature preserve is heavily forested and contains over ten miles of hiking trails, some of them quite challenging. Within the preserve headquarters there are exhibit halls, classrooms, a gift shop, and a National Wildlife Federation certified Habitat Garden which features bird feeding stations. Each year the preserve is the site of the Reedy Creek Nature Center Hummingbird Festival, which attracts up to 3000 visitors.
The City of Charlotte purchased the land that now comprises Reedy Creek Park in 1981. Mecklenburg County became the owner when the City and County Park and Recreation Departments merged in 1991, and shortly after that built the Reedy Creek Environmental Center (later to be named the Nature Center).
In May 2010 the Mecklenburg County Park and Recreation Department, with over $50,000 in donations from local and state organizations, opened a special children's playground in the Nature Center. This playground, dubbed a "Nature Explorer Zone" and designed by Robin Moore of North Carolina State University and the Arbor Day Foundation, is built entirely in the woods and features various children's activities such as stump jumps, a sand play area, log balancing, a grapevine crawl, a fort building area, a "messy materials" area, and a stage for dramatic plays.
# Pangxiejia station

Pangxiejia Station (Chinese: 螃蟹岬), is a station of Line 2 and Line 7 of Wuhan Metro. It entered revenue service on December 28, 2012. It is located in Wuchang District.

## Station layout

| G | Entrances and Exits | Exits A-F |
| B1 | Concourse | Faregates, Station Agent |
| B2 | Northbound | ← Line 2 towards Tianhe International Airport (Jiyuqiao) |
| Island platform, doors will open on the left ||
| B2 | Southbound | Line 2 towards Fozuling (Xiaoguishan) → |
| B3 | Northbound | ← Line 7 towards Garden Expo North (Xinhe Street) |
| Island platform, doors will open on the left ||
| B3 | Southbound | Line 7 towards Qinglongshan Ditiexiaozhen (Xiaodongmen) → |

## Gallery

* Pole
* Timetable
* Platform Level
* Ticket vending machine
* Exit
* Lift
* Braille
* Drinking fountain
* Self-service library