OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Wirthlin Worldwide

Wirthlin Worldwide was an American political and business consulting firm founded by Richard Wirthlin in 1969. The company specialized in polls and their interpretation. In addition to political consulting, Wirthlin Worldwide also provided research for non-profits and industry, covering topics such as handwashing behavior after using public toilets, post-September 11 charitable giving, the impact of a company's ethical image on consumer purchasing behavior, and preferred methods for purchasing prescription drugs.
It ceased to operate as a separate company on September 8, 2004, when it was sold to Harris Interactive in a deal valued at $42 million.

## History

Originally established as Decision Making Information, Inc, Wirthlin Worldwide was founded in Los Angeles in 1969 by Dr. Richard Bitner Wirthlin. Wirthlin was an economist with a PhD in economics from the University of California, Berkeley. In 1980, Wirthlin Worldwide was asked to help with the presidential campaign of the then-Governor of California, Ronald Reagan. This led to continued engagements throughout the two terms of President Reagan, including the second presidential campaign.
During its existence, the company went through two name changes, The Wirthlin Group in the 1990s and Wirthlin Worldwide at the beginning of the 21st century. It was finally sold and merged into Harris Interactive in the fall of 2004. The company website was shut down and began redirecting to Harris Interactive on March 16, 2005.
It ceased to operate as a separate company on September 8, 2004, when it was sold to Harris Interactive in a deal valued at $42 million.
# Wirthlin

Wirthlin is a Swiss surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Joseph B. Wirthlin (1917–2008), American businessman and member of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles of The LDS Church
* Joseph L. Wirthlin (1893–1963), the eighth presiding bishop of The LDS Church
* LeRoy S. Wirthlin (born 1935), professor at Harvard Medical School and later a practicing surgeon
* Richard Wirthlin (1931–2011), prominent American pollster, Ronald Reagan's chief strategist
# Windgap, County Kilkenny

Windgap (Irish: Bearna na Gaoithe, meaning 'the wind gap'), is a village in County Kilkenny, in Ireland. Windgap is located in the south-western part of Kilkenny on the border with Tipperary, just south of Callan. The village is located on the R689 regional road, the nearest main road being the N76 from Kilkenny to Clonmel.
Windgap was named for its location on a pass through hills east of Slievenamon. The landscape of Windgap is dominated by steep hills and large wooded areas. Windgap lies in a former slate-quarrying district spanning the Kilkenny-Tipperary border. Today, agriculture is Windgap's main economic activity, with dairy products as the main export. The most notable buildings in Windgap are its 19th-century graveyard, The Old League House, which once served as a home for poor tenant farmers (see Irish National Land League), and early 20th-century grotto.
Those who hail from the village are sometimes referred to as 'Gappers'.

## History and culture

The Mayor of Windgap is an 1834 novel by Michael Banim set in Windgap in 1779. Windgap is also referred to in the 1907 book The Placenames of the Decies by Rev. P. Power.

## Sport

Windgap GAA club was founded in 1954 following the advent of the "one parish rule" in the county. Gaelic games have been played in the area since the 1890s. In the early days, it was better known for football, but hurling was played with the Slatequarries in 1929 and St. Joseph 's in Tullahought in the 1940s. Handball first made its appearance in the Slatequarries in the early 1900s before it spread to Windgap. Camogie started in Lamogue in the 1920s and was played in many areas of the parish with teams representing Windgap and Tullahought at various stages. Ladies Football was played in the area for a time in the 1970s with a team in Tullahought. Windgap Camogie Club that was founded in 1994 and Windgap Handball Club in 1984. Galmoy and Windgap's teams amalgamated in 2005.

## Notable people

* John Banim (1798–1842) writer
* Fearghus Ó Fearghail priest and academic
* Sharon, Zsara & Nadia Whelan Murder victims (kd. 2008)
# Windgather Rocks

The Windgather Rocks (416 metres/1,365 ft a.s.l.) is a gritstone crag on the Derbyshire–Cheshire border in England. It is in the Peak District National Park and is a popular site for learning the rudiments of rock climbing. As the name suggests the area is exposed to the prevailing westerly winds. The rocks lie above Taxal Edge and are part of a north–south ridge that starts between Kettleshulme and Whaley Bridge and culminates at Shining Tor. The crag was featured in the first guide to rock climbing in the Peak District, Some Gritstone Climbs, published in 1913 and written by John Laycock.
# Kılkara, Kıbrıscık

Kılkara is a village in the Kıbrıscık District, Bolu Province, Turkey. Its population is 57 (2021).
# Kılavuztepe, Bismil

Kılavuztepe is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Bismil, Diyarbakır Province in Turkey. Its population is 59 (2022).
# Free Evangelical Fellowship

The Free Evangelical Fellowship (Norwegian: De Frie Evangeliske Forsamlinger, DFEF), formerly called "The Free Friends" (De frie venner) is one of the Free Church congregations in Norway. The Free Evangelical Fellowship is a nationwide movement with sixty-seven parishes and contact addresses in Norway. The churches are legally independent. It is estimated that the local churches comprise a total of 8,000-10,000 members. Churches are mainly located in the south and west of the country. Its origins date from the 1880s, but it became an established organization after 1900 under the leadership of preacher Erik A. Nordquelle (1858–1938). Its Home and Mission Committee (Misjons- og Hjemmeutvalget) is a joint mission conducted in several countries in Africa, Asia, Europe and South America.
The Free Evangelical Fellowship believe in baptism of the Holy Spirit through speaking in tongues and healing by prayer. They also practice baptism and holy communion (open to non-members). The movement's theological standing is seen as similar to Pentecostal beliefs, but they had historically separated themselves as opponents of state-maintained church member registers. The Free Evangelical Fellowship is therefore not registered as a separate religious branch in Norway. In 2019, the Free Evangelical Fellowship entered into a three-year cooperative trial agreement with the Pentecostal congregations in Norway.
# 150th meridian

150th meridian may refer to:
* 150th meridian east, a line of longitude east of the Greenwich Meridian
* 150th meridian west, a line of longitude west of the Greenwich Meridian
| 150°class=notpageimage| 150th meridian west | 150°class=notpageimage| 150th meridian east |
# Acquacheta

The Acquacheta is a stream in the province of Forlì-Cesena, Romagna, northern Italy. An affluent of the Montone in San Benedetto in Alpe, it is famous because it was mentioned by Dante Alighieri in his Divine Comedy (Inferno, XVI, 94–102).
It is now a renowned attraction of the Foreste Casentinesi, Monte Falterona e Campigna National Park.
* This article on a location in Emilia–Romagna is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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* This article related to a river in Italy is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# Acromantis philippina

Acromantis philippina, common name Philippines acromantis, is a species of praying mantis native to the Philippines.
# Young Tobacco

Young Tobacco was the English name given to a Piankeshaw chief who lived near Post Vincennes during the American Revolution. His influence seems to have extended beyond his own village to all those along the Wabash River.
George Rogers Clark, in his memoir, refers to him as "Tobacco's Son", and British Lt-Governor Henry Hamilton's journal often refers to "Old Tobacco and his son." The relationship of the two chiefs, Old Tobacco and Young Tobacco, seems probable but is not certain. It may be that the British and Americans presumed Piankesaw leadership passed from father to son, but this was not common among Miami tribes.
Clark's memoir describes Young Tobacco as being very dedicated towards the American cause, declaring himself to be a "big knife". When Hamilton recaptures Vincennes and occupies Fort Sackville with the American prisoner Captain Leonard Helm, Young Tobacco declares openly that Helm is his brother, and voluntarily imprisons himself to stay with Helm. Knowing the influence of Young Tobacco among the area natives, Hamilton offers him several gifts to regain his favor, which Tobacco accepts for himself and Helm to use. Hamilton does not describe these events in his journal.
As Clark and his army nears Vincennes to recapture it, Young Tobacco musters a large band of native warriors and requests permission to join Clark's army. This offer is declined, but Tobacco continues to favor the Americans during the siege of Fort Sackville.
Hamilton's journal offers a contrasting view of Young Tobacco. Rather than being an open supporter of the Americans, Young Tobacco seems to favor whoever is in power at the time. He offers excuses to Hamilton for his lack of loyalty when the residents of Vincennes first mobilized in favor of the Americans. In a war council meeting, Young Tobacco blames this on other chiefs for not coming to his support, and declares that he was too weak to resist the Americans and too young to make such decisions on his own. Hamilton seemed suspicious of Young Tobacco in his journal, but does not describe any open acts in support of the Americans.
After the Americans had secured Vincennes, they had trouble with Delaware along the White River. Clark ordered a punitive expedition against them, but Young Tobacco brokered a peace deal. He accepted responsibility for future Delaware raids but promised to "chastise them" if they again attacked Americans.
Clark says that Young Tobacco died two years after the battle for Fort Sackville, and was carried to Cahokia and buried with military honors.
# You Are My Little Bird

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| eMusic | (favorable) |
| School Library Journal | (very favorable) |
You Are My Little Bird is an album by Elizabeth Mitchell, released in 2006 by Smithsonian Folkways Recordings. The album presents a collection of folk songs for children. In addition to versions of folk tunes, it features covers of a variety of songs by other artists, among them "What Goes On" by The Velvet Underground, "Little Wing" by Neil Young, and "Three Little Birds" by Bob Marley. On most of the songs, Mitchell is accompanied by family members. The liner notes include personal stories from the artist, but no lyrics.
The song "Little Bird, Little Bird" was used in the Futurama episode "Lethal Inspection". Her version of "Three Little Birds" appears in the first episode of the HBO TV series Watchmen.

## Track listing

* "Little Liza Jane" (Arr. Elizabeth Mitchell) — 2:24
* "Who's My Pretty Baby" (Woody Guthrie) — 1:53
* "Zousan (Little Elephant)" — 1:38
* "Little Bird, Little Bird" — 2:28
* "Three Little Birds" (Bob Marley) — 2:34
* "What Goes On" (Lou Reed) — 2:54
* "Pom Na Tu Ri (Springtime Outing)" — 1:20
* "Buckeye Jim" (Arr. Elizabeth Mitchell) — 2:01
* "Peace Like a River" — 2:57
* "Los Pollitos (The Little Chicks)" — 1:50
* "Winter's Come and Gone" (David Rawlings, Gillian Welch) — 1:59
* "Little Wing" (Neil Young) — 2:38
* "Lily Pond" (Vashti Bunyan) — 0:59
* "The North Wind" — 0:38
* "If You Listen" (Micky Jones, Tommy Brown) — 3:11
* "Down in the Valley" — 2:22
* "Grassy Grass Grass" (Woody Guthrie) — 0:56

## Critical reception

Warren Truit, in School Library Journal, called the album "a superb and eclectic group of songs performed uniquely, yet flawlessly."

## Footnotes

* ↑ Davis, Amy (February 28, 2007). "Music for Little Birds: Elizabeth Mitchell review". eMusic.
* 1 2 Truitt, Warren (July 2007), "12 KIDS' ALBUMS YOU CAN'T LIVE WITHOUT". School Library Journal. 53 (7):30-35
* ↑ Ostergard, Maren (January 2007), "You Are My Little Bird". School Library Journal. 53(1):72
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# Devil's wheel

A Devil's wheel, Teufelsrad, Human Roulette Wheel or Joy Wheel is an amusement ride at public festivals and fairs. Devil's wheels have been used at Oktoberfest celebrations since at least 1910.

## Overview

A Devil's wheel is a rotating circular platform upon which riders sit or lie. It begins by spinning slowly and increases its speed to make riders slide off the platform. Spectators stand around the platform, and the announcers often offer some satirical commentary.
Riders who slide off the platform usually hit a cushioned wall. Injuries are possible if riders collide with spectators or other objects. An operator controls the speed of the platform, sometimes slowing it down to give participants the opportunity to re-position themselves toward the center.
An added feature was the mild jolt of electricity transmitted through the metal screws holding the platform down. Riders had to contend with small electrical shocks while trying to hold on to the flat spinning surface.

## Function

The platform is a disc. It is not an inertial system because of its rotation. The riders' sense of balance is compromised by the rotating disk. This complicates movement towards or away from the center of the wheel. If one is moving radially outward, in addition to the expected centrifugal force (directed outward), the Coriolis force applies directed tangentially (i.e. laterally).

## Versions and use

A smaller version of the Devil's Wheel was displayed at EXPERIMINTA Science Center FrankfurtRheinMain in December 2011. Devil's wheels is still a part of the Munich Oktoberfest and in the Taunus Wunderland.
Elements may be added to the Devil's Wheel to make it even more difficult for the riders to hold on. A ball attached to a chain may swing at them or the ride may shake.

## In popular culture

In Evelyn Waugh's first published novel, Decline and Fall, the character Otto Silenus describes a Devil's Wheel (referred to as the "big wheel at Luna Park") as a metaphor for life.
# Yugoslavia men's national field hockey team

The Yugoslavia men's national field hockey team represented Yugoslavia in men's international field hockey competitions.
The team participated in one European Championship when it finished in 13th place at the 1974 edition.

## Tournament record
### European Championship

* 1974 – 13th place
# Yponomeuta myriosema

Yponomeuta myriosema is a moth of the family Yponomeutidae. It is found in Australia.
# Adalbert Bezzenberger

Adalbert Bezzenberger (14 April 1851 – 31 October 1922) was a German philologist. He was born at Kassel and died at Königsberg. He is considered to be the founder of Baltic philology.
He studied the Indo-Germanic languages at the universities of Göttingen and Munich. In 1874 he became lecturer at Göttingen and in 1879 professor of Sanskrit at the University of Königsberg. From 1890 to 1891 he was rector of this university.

## Published works

His principal works include:
* Beiträge zur Geschichte der Litauischen Sprache auf Grund litauischer Texte des 16. und 17. Jahrhunderts, Göttingen: Peppmüller, 1877.
* Litauische Forschungen. Beiträge zur Kenntniss der Sprache und des Volkstumes der Litauer, Göttingen: Peppmüller, 1882.
* Lettische Dialektstudien, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1885.
* Über der Sprache der Preußischen Letten, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1888.
* Die Kurische Nehrung und ihre Bewohner, Stuttgart: Engelhorn, 1889 (=Forschungen zur deutschen Landes- und Volkskunde; vols. 3-4)
* Sitzungsbericht der Altertumsgeschichte Prussia (1892)
* Analysen vorgeschichtlicher Bronzen Ostpreussens. An ihrem 60jährigen Stiftungstage dem Andenken ihres ehemaligen Vorsitzenden Georg Bujak gewidmet von der Altertumsgesellschaft Prussia, Königsberg: Gräfe & Unzer, 1904. (as editor)
* Beiträge zur Kunde der Indogermanischen Sprachen (1877–1906; as editor)

## Sources

* This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Gilman, D. C.; Peck, H. T.; Colby, F. M., eds. (1905). New International Encyclopedia (1st ed.). New York: Dodd, Mead. {{cite encyclopedia}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
* ↑ Bezzenberger, Adalbert In: Neue Deutsche Biographie (NDB). Band 2, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1955, ISBN 3-428-00183-4, S. 213.
# Richard de la Pole (14th-century MP)

Richard de la Pole (fl. 1332), was an English Member of Parliament (MP).
He was a Member of the Parliament of England for City of London in 1332.
# Riparia

Riparia is a genus of passerine birds in the swallow family Hirundinidae.
These are small or medium-sized swallows, ranging from 11 to 17 cm (4.3 to 6.7 in) in length. They are brown above and mainly white below, and all have a dark breast band. They are closely associated with water. They nest in tunnels which are usually excavated by the birds themselves in a natural sand bank or earth mound. They lay white eggs, which are incubated by both parents, in a nest of straw, grass, and feathers in a chamber at the end of the burrow. Some species breed colonially.
The cosmopolitan sand martin is almost completely migratory, breeding across temperate Eurasia and North America and wintering in the tropics. The other species are partial migrants or resident. Riparia martins, like other swallows, take insects in flight over water, grassland, or other open country.

## Taxonomy

The genus Riparia was introduced by the German naturalist Johann Reinhold Forster in 1817 with the sand martin (Riparia riparia) as the type species. The genus name is from the Latin riparius which means "of the riverbank"; it is derived from the Latin ripa "riverbank".
The genus contains six species:
| Scientific name | Common name | Distribution |
| R. paludicola (Vieillot, 1817) | brown-throated martin | Africa |
| R. cowani (Sharpe, 1882) | Madagascar martin | Madagascar |
| R. chinensis (J.E. Gray, 1830) | grey-throated martin | Tajikistan, Afghanistan and Indian subcontinent to southern China, Taiwan, and the northern Philippines |
| R. congica (Reichenow, 1887) | Congo martin | Congo River and its tributary, the Ubangi. |
| R. riparia (Linnaeus, 1758) | sand martin or bank swallow | Breeding season: practically the whole of Europe and the Mediterranean countries, part of northern Asia and also North America. Non-breeding: eastern and southern Africa, South America and the Indian Subcontinent |
| R. diluta (Sharpe & Wyatt, 1893) | pale martin or pale sand martin | central Asia to southeastern China |
The genus formerly included the banded martin but this species is now placed in its own genus Neophedina.

### Fossil record

* Riparia minor (late Miocene of Polgardi, Hungary)
# Riparian myotis

The riparian myotis (Myotis riparius) is a vespertilionid bat species from South and Central America. It is a medium-sized bat compared to other South American myotis.

## Taxonomy

The riparian myotis was originally described as a subspecies of velvety myotis in 1960. In 1973, it was raised to the species level.

## Description

The riparian myotis has long, woolly fur. The dorsal fur can vary geographically from a reddish to a blackish tinge. Individuals in the south tend to have a darker dorsal region, and individuals in the north tend to have a reddish dorsal region. The dorsal hairs are unicolor and the plagiopatagium is broadly attached to the foot at the base of the toes. The ears are short compared to the eyes and nostrils. The tragus is pointed and curves slightly outward. The ventral hairs are bicolored, with a dark-brown base and yellowish tips.

## Range and habitat

The riparian myotis is distributed widely throughout the neotropical region, and occurs from Honduras southward into Paraguay, northern Argentina and Uruguay. It can be found in rainforests, savannas, and open habitats throughout this region. It is most commonly seen from sea level to 2,000 meters above sea level. It has been seen in grasslands as well as agricultural fields.
The riparian myotis tends to prefer primary forests and preserved habitats. They have been observed roosting under tree bark and caves. They have been observed co-roosting with black myotis, Silver-tipped myotis, and Velvety free-tailed bat. They can form colonies of up to 50 individuals.
# 1710 Gothard

1710 Gothard, provisional designation 1941 UF, is a stony asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 9 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 20 October 1941, by Hungarian astronomer György Kulin at the Konkoly Observatory in Budapest, Hungary. It was later named after Hungarian amateur astronomer Jenő Gothard.

## Orbit and classification

The S-type asteroid orbits the Sun at a distance of 1.7–2.9 AU once every 3 years and 6 months (1,292 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.27 and an inclination of 8° with respect to the ecliptic. Gothard's observation arc begins 14 years after its official discovery observation, when it was identified as 1955 TT at Uccle Observatory in 1955.

## Physical characteristics
### Rotation period

In October 2001 and October 2008, two rotational light-curves of Gothard were obtained by French amateur astronomers Laurent Bernasconi and René Roy, giving a concurring rotation period of 4.94 hours with a brightness variation of 0.31 and 0.32 in magnitude, respectively (U=3/3-).

### Diameter and albedo

According to the survey carried out by NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer with its subsequent NEOWISE mission, Gothard measures 9.84 kilometers in diameter, and its surface has an albedo of 0.087, while the Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes a standard albedo for stony asteroids of 0.20 and calculates a diameter of 5.66 kilometers with an absolute magnitude of 13.6.

## Naming

This minor planet was named in memory of Hungarian amateur astronomer Jenő Gothard (1857–1909), who discovered the central star in the Ring Nebula (M57). The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 1 February 1980 (M.P.C. 5183).
# 1894–95 Southern Football League

The 1894–95 season was the first in the history of the Southern League. Sixteen clubs joined the new league, which was split into two divisions. Millwall Athletic won Division One without losing a match, and were invited to join the Football League but declined because of travelling.

## Division One

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GR | Pts | Qualification |
| 1 | Millwall Athletic | 16 | 12 | 4 | 0 | 68 | 19 | 3.579 | 28 | |
| 2 | Luton Town | 16 | 9 | 4 | 3 | 36 | 22 | 1.636 | 22 | |
| 3 | Southampton St. Mary's | 16 | 9 | 2 | 5 | 34 | 25 | 1.360 | 20 | |
| 4 | Ilford | 16 | 6 | 3 | 7 | 26 | 40 | 0.650 | 15 | |
| 5 | Reading | 16 | 6 | 2 | 8 | 33 | 38 | 0.868 | 14 | |
| 6 | Chatham Town | 16 | 4 | 5 | 7 | 22 | 25 | 0.880 | 13 | |
| 7 | Royal Ordnance Factories | 16 | 3 | 6 | 7 | 20 | 30 | 0.667 | 12 | Relegation test matches |
| 8 | Clapton | 16 | 5 | 1 | 10 | 22 | 38 | 0.579 | 11 | Relegation test matches |
| 9 | Swindon Town | 16 | 4 | 1 | 11 | 24 | 48 | 0.500 | 9 | Relegation test matches |

## Division Two

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GR | Pts | Qualification |
| 1 | New Brompton | 12 | 11 | 0 | 1 | 57 | 10 | 5.700 | 22 | Promotion test matches |
| 2 | Sheppey United | 12 | 6 | 1 | 5 | 25 | 23 | 1.087 | 13 | Promotion test matches |
| 3 | Old St.Stephen's | 12 | 6 | 0 | 6 | 26 | 26 | 1.000 | 12 | Promotion test matches |
| 4 | Uxbridge | 12 | 4 | 3 | 5 | 14 | 20 | 0.700 | 11 | |
| 5 | Bromley | 12 | 4 | 1 | 7 | 23 | 30 | 0.767 | 9 | |
| 6 | Chesham | 12 | 3 | 3 | 6 | 20 | 42 | 0.476 | 9 | |
| 7 | Maidenhead | 12 | 2 | 4 | 6 | 19 | 33 | 0.576 | 8 | |

## Promotion-relegation test matches

At the end of the season, the bottom three clubs in Division One played the top three clubs in Division Two in test matches to decide on promotion and relegation. Division Two champions New Brompton were the only lower division club to win, although their opponents, Swindon Town, were not relegated, with the First Division expanding to 10 clubs.