# Murung Raya Regency

Murung Raya Regency is the most northerly of the thirteen regencies (kabupaten) which (together with the independent city of Palangkaraya) comprise the province of Central Kalimantan on the island of Borneo, Indonesia. It was created on 10 April 2002 from the former northwestern two-thirds of the North Barito Regency. The capital of the regency is the town of Puruk Cahu. The regency covers an area of 23,700 km$^2$ and had a population of 96,857 inhabitants at the 2010 census (an increase from 74,050 within the current area at the previous census in 2000) and 111,527 at the 2020 census; the official estimate as at mid 2023 was 116,621 (comprising 60,429 males and 56,192 females).

## Administrative Districts

Murung Raya Regency consists of ten districts (kecamatan), tabulated below with their areas and population totals from the 2010 census and the 2020 census, together with the official estimates as at mid 2023. The 2020 figures for the districts are rounded to the nearest 100 people. The table also includes the locations of the district administrative centres, the number of administrative villages in each district (a total of 116 rural desa and 9 urban kelurahan), and its postal codes.
| Kode Wilayah | Name of District (kecamatan) | Area in km$^2$ | Pop'n census 2010 | Pop'n census 2020 | Pop'n estimate mid 2023 | Admin centre | No. of villages | Post codes |
| 62.12.04 | Permata Intan | 804 | 10,867 | 12,000 | 12,291 | Tumbang Lahung | 12 $^{(a)}$ | 73971 |
| 62.12.08 | Sungai Babuat | 423 | 2,219 | 2,500 | 2,617 | Tumbang Bantian | 6 | 73970 |
| 62.12.01 | Murung | 730 | 29,894 | 39,600 | 42,852 | Beriwit | 15 $^{(b)}$ | 73911 |
| 62.12.03 | Laung Tuhup | 1,611 | 18,555 | 20,900 | 21,497 | Muara Laung I | 26 $^{(c)}$ | 73992 |
| 62.12.06 | Barito Tuhup Raya | 1,500 | 4,222 | 4,900 | 5,150 | Makunjung | 11 | 73991 |
| 62.12.02 | Tanah Siang | 1,239 | 12,447 | 13,800 | 14,134 | Saripoi | 27 $^{(d)}$ | 73961 |
| 62.12.07 | Tanah Siang Selatan (South Tanah Siang) | 310 | 4,810 | 5,600 | 5,873 | Dirung Lingkin | 7 | 73960 |
| 62.12.05 | Sumber Barito | 2,797 | 7,746 | 7,000 | 6,968 | Tumbang Kunyi | 9 $^{(e)}$ | 73982 |
| 62.12.09 | Seribu Riam | 7,023 | 3,559 | 3,200 | 3,256 | Muara Joloi I | 7 | 73981 |
| 62.12.10 | Uut Murung | 7,263 | 2,538 | 2,000 | 1,983 | Tumbang Olong I | 5 | 73983 |
| | Totals | 23,700 | 96,857 | 111,527 | 116,621 | Puruk Cahu | 125 | |
Notes: (a) includes the kelurahan of Muara Bakanon and Tumbang Lahung. (b) includes the kelurahan of Beriwit and Puruk Cahu. (c) includes the kelurahan of Batu Bua I, Muara Laung I and Muara Tuhup. (d) includes the kelurahan of Saripoi. (e) includes the kelurahan of Tumbang Kunyi.

## Geography

The regency has an area of 23,700 km$^2$ and lies between 114°27'00 to 115°49'00 East longitude and 0°58'30 North latitude to 1°26'00 South latitude. It occupies the valleys and foothills of the southern and eastern slopes of the Müller Mountains, and rises to 1730 m at Mount Lesung on its northern border. Most of the riverine area lies at an altitude of 100 to 200 m above sea level while the foothills are mostly at an altitude of 400–500 m.
The Betikap and Sepathawung valleys, in the northwest part of the regency have been declared protected areas for orangutans. The Tumbang Topus caves have been the source of discovery of a number of new species.

## Economy

Most of the population lives along rivers and relies on them for transportation, food, and agriculture. Aside from the predominant subsistence fishing and farming, the biggest contributors to the economy are forestry and mining. Timber, including high value trees such as Ulin (Eusideroxylon zwageri) and Meranti (genus Shorea), has been commercially extracted since the 1920s, while the mining sector, such as gold and tin mining, has developed since World War II. In the 1990s coal exploration began, and in the 2000s the Haju coal mine started to be developed.

## Climate

Puruk Cahu, the seat of the regency has a tropical rainforest climate (Af) with heavy to very heavy rainfall year-round.
Climate data for Puruk Cahu :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 29.5 (85.1) | 29.8 (85.6) | 30.2 (86.4) | 30.4 (86.7) | 30.5 (86.9) | 30.2 (86.4) | 30.2 (86.4) | 30.5 (86.9) | 30.6 (87.1) | 30.6 (87.1) | 30.2 (86.4) | 29.9 (85.8) | 30.2 (86.4) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 25.9 (78.6) | 26.1 (79.0) | 26.4 (79.5) | 26.5 (79.7) | 26.7 (80.1) | 26.3 (79.3) | 26.2 (79.2) | 26.5 (79.7) | 26.6 (79.9) | 26.5 (79.7) | 26.3 (79.3) | 26.2 (79.2) | 26.4 (79.4) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 22.3 (72.1) | 22.4 (72.3) | 22.6 (72.7) | 22.7 (72.9) | 22.9 (73.2) | 22.5 (72.5) | 22.3 (72.1) | 22.5 (72.5) | 22.6 (72.7) | 22.5 (72.5) | 22.5 (72.5) | 22.5 (72.5) | 22.5 (72.5) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 324 (12.8) | 291 (11.5) | 340 (13.4) | 367 (14.4) | 332 (13.1) | 197 (7.8) | 180 (7.1) | 211 (8.3) | 223 (8.8) | 260 (10.2) | 374 (14.7) | 457 (18.0) | 3,556 (140.1) |
| Source: Climate-Data.org ||||||||||||||