OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Pravara Rural Education Society

The Pravara Rural Education Society (PRES) was established in July 1964 at Pravara, Loni, a large village in Maharashtra state in India. It is located between Pune to the South and Nashik to the North. The founder, Padamshri Vitthalrao Vikhe Patil, was a leader of the cooperative movement. The society's first school was an English medium school.
Padam Bhushan Sh Balasaheb Vikhe Patil is the chairman of the society, and [Rajendra Bhane Patil] is the executive chairman.

## Progress

The Pravara Rural Education Society operates 11 technical colleges, 6 senior colleges, 6 English medium schools including a Sainik School and 32 Marathi medium schools. In all, over 40,000 students are presently on the rolls of these institutions.

## Major institutions
### Technical colleges

* Pravara Rural Engineering College, Loni
* Sri Visvesvaraya Institute of Technology, Chincholi, Nashik.
* Padamshri Vitthalrao Vikhe Patil Institute of Technology & Engineering, Loni
* Pravara Rural College of Pharmacy, Loni
* Pravara Women's College of Pharmacy, Chincholi
* Pravara Rural College of Architecture, Loni
* College of Pharmacy, Chincholi
* Industrial Training Institute, and Women Industrial Training Institute, Loni
* HAL-Pravara Aviation Institute, Ozar, Nashik

### Senior colleges

* Padamshri Vikhe Patil College of Arts, Science and Commerce, Pravaranagar
* Arts, Commerce and Science College, Satral
* Pravara Women's College of Home Science and BCA, Loni
* College of Agricultural Biotechnology, Loni
* Pravara Rural College of Education, Loni
* College of Physical Education, Loni

### English medium schools

* Pravara Public School, Pravaranagar
* Pravara Central Public School, Pravaranagar
* Padamshri Vitthalrao Vikhe Patil Sainik School, Loni
* Pravara Girls English Medium School & Junior College, Loni
* Pravara High School, Kolhar
* Padmashri Balasaheb Vikhe Patil International School, Loni
# Glomeris intermedia

Glomeris intermedia, also known as the western six-striped pill millipede, is a species of pill millipede within the genus Glomeris and family Glomeridae.

## Description

Glomeris intermedia exhibits a range of colours, with individuals displaying a base colour of black, brown, grey or yellow on their body. Additionally, the tergites, which are the hardened dorsal plates covering the segments of the millipede's body, bear several spots that vary in coloration from beige to red in colour. Among the spots present, the middle spot is generally the largest, although it can be smaller or even absent in some individuals. The lateral-most spot extends further forward compared to the middle spot and both spots are sharply demarcated at their anterior boundaries. Notably, the posterior edges of the segments are outlined by a narrow, lightly coloured line, creating a distinct visual pattern. Within the northern distribution range of G. intermedia, the medial row of spots are usually absent.
The final segment of Glomeris intermedia, known as the preanal tergite, exhibits two large bright spots that do not reach the edge of the segment. In males, the pre-anal tergite is slightly lobed, potentially serving as a distinguishing feature between males and females. Furthermore, the second segment, known as the breastplate, displays two to three major furrows, occasionally only one, along with the possibility of having 0 to 2 anterior furrows and 1 to 5 minor furrows.

## Distribution and habitat

Glomeris intermedia is native to Western Europe, where it can be found within the countries of: Belgium, France, Germany, Luxembourg, Spain, Switzerland and the Netherlands. The species occurs in elevated forest habitats distributed on hills and mountains. The species is a detritivore, feeding on rotten wood and dead leaves. G. intermedia has a preference for acidic soils.

## Subspecies

The following subspecies are recognised:
* Glomeris intermedia trisulcata Rothenbühler, 1899
# Guioa parvifoliola

Guioa parvifoliola is a species of plant in the family Sapindaceae. It is endemic to the Philippines, on Ilocos Norte.
# Error Detection and Handling

In television technology, Error Detection and Handling (EDH) protocol is an optional but commonly used addition to the Standard Definition-Serial Digital Interface (SDI) standard. This protocol allows an SD-SDI receiver to verify that each field of video is received correctly.
The SD-SDI transmitter calculates two CRC values for each video field—one corresponding to the active picture, and corresponding to the entire field (excluding the switching lines)--and places them in an EDH ancillary data packet. The EDH packet is inserted at a specific location in each field of video. The SD-SDI receiver also generates the same two CRC values for each field and compares them against the CRC values in the received EDH packet to determine if each field of video is received without errors. The EDH packet also contains bits to signal that a prior link in a broadcast or transmission chain contained an error; equipment which receives a video signal with an incorrect CRC, and retransmits the signal, is expected to re-insert the correct CRC (which may be different if the equipment alters the video signal in any way) and set the flag indicating a prior error. This feature makes it easier to determine which link, in a multi-link chain, was the source of the error.
The EDH protocol does not provide for error correction, only error detection. Also, there is no mechanism in SD-SDI to allow a field containing errors to be retransmitted. EDH is used primarily to assist in identifying faulty equipment in a video chain so that it can be quickly replaced or repaired.
EDH is not used with high definition video, as the HD serial digital interface includes a mandatory embedded CRC for each line.
The SD-SDI EDH protocol is defined by SMPTE RP 165-1994 and the equivalent ITU standard ITU-R BT.1304
# RASIT

RASIT (RAdar de Surveillance des InTervalles) is a ground-surveillance pulse Doppler radar developed by Thomson-CSF (now Thales), and fielded by several militaries. The original version of RASIT had a range of 20 kilometers and allowed a skilled operator to distinguish between personnel, vehicles, and aircraft. RASIT operates in the I band and has a peak power of two kilowatts. The system is deployed on vehicles (although it can be removed from its mount and emplaced on the ground) and has been used by at least 32 nations. The latest version of RASIT, the RASIT-E, has a range of 40 kilometers.
RASIT was developed in the mid-1970s and over 700 units had been sold by 1996. The latest RASIT customer is Estonia, where the radar is used for border surveillance.
# 2nd Division (Royal Navy)

The 2nd Division was a naval formation of the British Home Fleet it was formed before First World War in March 1909 and was active until May 1912.

## History

In March 1909 following a re-organisation of the British Fleet the Channel Fleet was absorbed by the Home Fleet, while the former Channel Fleet became the Home Fleet's first and second divisions. These new divisions were made up of an 8-12 ship battle squadron that included either dreadnought battleships or pre-dreadnought battleships all remaining components of the former Home Fleet as it then stood became the third and fourth divisions that was a single command under a vice-admiral. The third and fourth division was assigned to major home commands as a reserve force.
The 2nd Battle Squadron of the 2nd Division contained ten to twelve older battleships, the 2nd Cruiser Squadron was formed using armored cruisers whilst the 2nd Destroyer Flotilla had four scout cruiser leaders assigned to it during its tenure plus 21 other destroyers of different classes.

## Vice-admirals commanding 2nd Division

    Post holders included:
| | Rank | Name | Term |
| Vice-admirals commanding 2nd Division |||||
| 1 | Vice-Admiral | Sir Archibald Berkeley Milne | 24 March 1909 - 9 August 1910 |
| 2 | Vice-Admiral | Sir George A. Callaghan | 9 August 1910 - 19 October 1911 |
| 3 | Vice-Admiral | Sir John R. Jellicoe | 19 October 1911 - May 1912 |

## Rear admirals in the Second Division

    Post holders included:
| | Rank | Name | Term |
| Rear admirals in the Second Division |||||
| 1 | Rear-Admiral | James Startin | 24 March 1909 - 9 October 1909 |
| 2 | Rear-Admiral | Edward E. Bradford | 9 October 1909 - 19 October 1910 |
| 3 | Rear-Admiral | George E. Patey | 19 October 1910 - 19 October 1911 |
| 4 | Rear-Admiral | Herbert G. King-Hall | 19 October 1911 -May 1912 |

## Components

    Included:
| | Unit | Dates | Notes |
| 1 | 2nd Battle Squadron, 2nd Division | | (10-12, pre-dreadnought battleships) |
| 2 | 2nd Cruiser Squadron | | ( 6, armored cruisers ) |
| 3 | 1st Destroyer Flotilla | | (4 scout cruiser, leaders & 21 destroyers ) |
| 4 | 2nd Destroyer Flotilla | February 1909 to May 1912 | forming in Feb |

## Footnotes

* 1 2 3 Watson 2015.
* 1 2 Friedman 2014, p. 118.
* ↑ Mackie, Gordon. "Royal Navy Senior Appointments from 1865" (PDF). gulabin.com. Gordon Mackie, p.200. December 2017. Retrieved 29 December 2017.
* ↑ Harley, Simon; Lovell, Tony. "Home Fleet (Royal Navy) Second Division - The Dreadnought Project". www.dreadnoughtproject.org. Harley and Lovell, 12 May 2015.
* ↑ Harley and Lovell. 2015
# Saint-Jean-Chrysostome Aerodrome

Saint-Jean-Chrysostome Aerodrome (TC LID: CSG5) is located 2.6 nautical miles (4.8 km; 3.0 mi) southeast of the Saint-Jean-Chrysostome district of Lévis, Quebec, Canada. It is a private use facility.
# Nanxun

Nanxun (simplified Chinese: 南浔镇; traditional Chinese: 南潯鎮; pinyin: Nánxún Zhèn) is a historic town in Nanxun District of Huzhou, Zhejiang, China. As of the 2007 census it had a population of 119,300 and an area of 141-square-kilometre (54 sq mi).

## Name

The name of Nanxun was coined by a combination of the initial Chinese characters of two place' names in the region: "Nanlin" (Chinese: 南林; lit. 'Southern Wood') and "Xunxi" (Chinese: 浔溪; lit. 'Xun Stream').

## History

Established in 1252 in the Southern Song dynasty (1127–1279), Nanxun is located in the northeast of Huzhou city. It was one of the richest towns in Jiangnan from mid-Ming down to mid-Qing dynasties. During this period, with the development of silk industry and rise of commodity economy, it experienced unprecedented prosperity, and developed into the center of China's silk trade at the beginning of 20th century. It became the most prosperous town in Jiangnan region, producing hundreds of magnates. As a popular saying went, "What counts as a city in Huzhou is barely half the size of Nanxun." (湖州一个城，不及南浔半个镇)

## Religion

The introduction of Christianity into the Nanxun area began in 1860, belonging to the American Methodist Episcopal Mission. The Nanxun Christian Church is a Protestant church in the town. It was built in 1927.
The Guanghui Palace is a Taoist temple in the town. It was first established in the Northern Song dynasty (960–1127) and was destroyed and rebuilt many times. The present version was completed in 2003.

## Tourist attractions

Nanxun once had a large number of gardens. From the Southern Song dynasty down to the Qing dynasty (1644–1911) it had housed as much as 27 gardens. Among the survived ones are the Baijian Houses, Jiaye Library, Liu's Xiaolian Manor, (Chen's) Ying Garden and (Zhang's) Shi Garden.
Nanxun is also the home to the Former Residence of Zhang Shiming and Former Residence of Zhang Jingjiang.
Nanxun has more well-preserved ancient bridges of the Ming (1368–1644) and Qing dynasties (1644–1911) with hundreds of years of history, such as Tongjin Bridge, Hongji Bridge, Guanghui Bridge, and Chuihong Bridge.

## Notable people

* Zhu Guozhen, an official, historian, and scholar of the Ming dynasty.
* Zhuang Yuncheng [zh]
* Zhuang Tinglong, historian.
* Tang Yuanlou [zh], historian.
* Zhang Songxian [zh], a tycoon in Nanxun.
* Liu Yong (businessman) [zh], a tycoon in Nanxun.
* Liu Jinzao [zh], philologist.
* Zhang Renjie, a political figure and financial entrepreneur in the Republic of China.
* Jin Zhang, prominent painter and calligrapher

## Gallery

* Baijian Houses.
* Former Residence of Zhang Shiming.
* Former Residence of Zhang Shiming.
* Nanxun Christian Church.
* Guanghui Palace.
* Jiayetang or Jiaye Library.
# Edward Ernest Bowen

Edward Ernest Bowen (30 March 1836 – 8 April 1901) was a first-class cricketer, footballer, and an influential schoolmaster at Harrow School from 1859 until his death, and the author of the Harrow school song, "Forty Years On". He was notable in football for winning the first two FA Cup finals with the Wanderers.

## Biography

The son of Christopher Bowen, he was born at Glenmore in Ireland; his elder brother was Charles Bowen, a well-known judge. He was educated in England at Blackheath Proprietary School and King's College, London before entering Trinity College, Cambridge. While studying at Cambridge, Bowen served as president of the Cambridge Union in 1856. After graduating from Cambridge, he was appointed an assistant master at Marlborough College in 1858, and moved to Harrow School in 1859. He was appointed a fellow of Trinity College in the same year as his move to Harrow. As a schoolmaster, Bowen believed that boys must be interested in his lessons and at ease with him. This was in contrast with the grave formality typical of the Victorian era. He was the founder of the "modern side" at Harrow, which gave prominence to subjects other than Latin and Greek. Bowen was the author of the Harrow school song, "Forty Years On", which is still sung today, and to which an extra verse was later added in honour of Winston Churchill. He also wrote many other Harrow School songs along with the then Master in Charge of Music, many of which are sung by the school to this day at occasions known as songs every term. While at Harrow, he was housemaster of The Grove boarding house.
Bowen was considered a pioneer of association football at Harrow, and was an accomplished footballer himself. He played with the Wanderers in the inaugural FA Cup, helping the side reach the final of the competition against the Royal Engineers at The Oval, which the Wanderers won 1–0; they repeated their success in the 1872–73 FA Cup, defeating Oxford University in the final 2–0. Bowen played for England in the first pseudo-international in 1870, against Scotland at The Oval; this match preceded the first official international in 1872. Bowen played cricket at first-class level for Hampshire against Sussex at Hove. He failed to score in the match, twice being dismissed by James Lillywhite. His other sporting endeavours expanded to cycling, mountaineering, skating, and walking. Whilst an undergraduate at Cambridge, he walked the 90 miles from Cambridge to Oxford in 26 hours. He was politically active and was a member of the Liberal Party. He was their candidate for Hertford in the 1880 General election, but lost to future Prime Minister Arthur Balfour.
It was whilst on a cycling tour of France in 1901 that Bowen died suddenly at the village of Moux. Despite seemingly having been in perfect health, it was noted that his sudden death occurred while he was trying to mount his bicycle. Cyril Norwood said of him that he had "kept the eternal boy alive within his own breast to the very end". His elder brother was also a first-class cricketer. His grandson, I. M. B. Stuart, was an Irish rugby union international and broadcaster.
# Commander-in-Chief of British Forces in South Africa

The Commander-in-Chief of British Forces in South Africa was the title of the British Army general who held command of British forces during the Second Boer War.
The Commander-in-Chief were:
| No. | Commander-in-Chief | Took office | Left office | Time in office | Defence branch | Ref. |
| 1 | Buller, RedversGeneral Sir Redvers Buller (1839–1908) | 11 October 1899 | 22 December 1899 | 72 days | British Army | – |
| 2 | Roberts, FrederickField Marshal Frederick Roberts, 1st Earl Roberts (1832–1914) | 23 December 1899 | 11 December 1900 | 353 days | British Army | |
| 3 | Kitchener, HerbertField Marshal Herbert Kitchener, 1st Earl Kitchener (1850–1916) | 12 December 1900 | 23 June 1902 | 1 year, 193 days | British Army | |
# R. Mookappan

R. Mookappan was elected to the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly from the Chinnasalem constituency in the 1996 elections. He was a candidate of the Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK) party.
# Pitmedden Garden

Pitmedden Garden is a garden in the town of Pitmedden, Aberdeenshire, Scotland. It is owned by the National Trust for Scotland. It is the largest surviving parterre in Scotland and dates from around 1675.

## Notable features

The garden is noted for its geometric parterres which vary in shape from a thistle to Sir Alexander Seton's coat of arms. Pitmedden also has several long, varied borders which run along the garden walls. Sir Alexander Seton and Dame Margaret Lauder, his wife, established a house and garden at the site in 1675. The original house, together with the garden plans, was largely destroyed by fire in 1807.
The 20th century restoration based three parterre sections on the 1647 plan of Holyrood Palace by Gordon of Rothiemay, and the fourth section represents a memorial to Alexander Seton and his father John Seton.
# Saint-Jean-Froidmentel

Saint-Jean-Froidmentel (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Loir-et-Cher department in central France.
# Nanxing Township

Nanxing Township (Chinese: 南陉乡) is a township-level division of Jingxing County, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
# René Sáez

René Sáez (born June 27, 1971) is a former international swimmer from Cuba, who participated in two consecutive Panamerican Games for his native country, starting in 1987.
His best result was a third place in the Men's 200m freestyle at the 1991 Panamerican Games, Havana, Cuba. At the 1993 Central American and Caribbean Games, he won medals in the 100m and 200m backstroke and 4 x 200m freestyle relay. He also participated in the Swimming at the 1991 Pan American Games – Men's 200 metre freestyle and Swimming at the 1991 Pan American Games.
# Glomeris oblongoguttata

Glomeris oblongoguttata, also known as the painted lady pill millipede, is a species of pill millipede belonging to the genus Glomeris and the family Glomeridae.

## Distribution

The species is endemic to Northern Italy, where it can be found in Pisogne on the northern-east tip of Lake Iseo as well as Oltre il Colle in the province of Bergamo. Due to being an endemic species G. oblongoguttata can be found nowhere else in the world outside of Northern Italy.

## Etymology

The genus name Glomeris is a genitive form of the noun "glomus", which means "ball", in reference to the pill millipedes ability to roll into a ball when disturbed. The species name oblongoguttata, however is a combination of two words: "oblongus", meaning "oblong" or "elongated", and "guttata", meaning "spotted" or "stained" in reference to their oblong shape and colour stained appearance.
# Port Penn, Delaware

Port Penn is a census-designated place located in St. Georges Hundred, southern New Castle County, Delaware, United States, below the Chesapeake and Delaware Canal on the west bank of the Delaware River. Port Penn is home to the Port Penn Interpretive Center. Its population is estimated at 252.

## Education

Port Penn is in the Colonial School District. It operates William Penn High School.
# Montreuil, Eure-et-Loir

Montreuil (French pronunciation: ) is a commune in the Eure-et-Loir department in northern France.

## World War II

After the liberation of the area by Allied Forces in 1944, engineers of the Ninth Air Force IX Engineering Command began construction of a combat Advanced Landing Ground outside of the town. Declared operational on 4 September, the airfield was designated as "A-38", it was used by the 363d Tactical Reconnaissance Group which flew photo-recon aircraft from the airfield until early October when the unit moved into Central France. Afterward, the airfield was closed.
# Cyberian Outpost

Cyberian Outpost, Inc. was an online vendor of discount computer hardware and software that operated the website outpost.com. After its IPO in 1998, it reached a peak market capitalization of $1 billion, but, after the bursting of the dot-com bubble, its stock price fell rapidly and the company was acquired by Fry's Electronics in 2001 for $21 million.
The company received publicity for its controversial advertisements including one in which gerbils were shot out of a cannon, one where wolves attack a high school marching band, and one where children in daycare are being tattooed with "outpost.com" on their foreheads.

## History

Cyberian Outpost was founded in 1995 by Darryl Peck.
Cyberian Outpost was one of the earliest successful online-only retailers. Unlike many large retailers of the time, the company marketed directly to expert consumers instead of businesses and specialized in hard-to-find Macintosh products in a market saturated with Microsoft-compatible products. Outpost.com marketed its products around the world and offered its website in 11 languages and sold to customers in 140 countries.
The company expanded rapidly, taking advantage of the booming Internet. Revenue increased from $1.9 million in the year ended February 29, 1996 to $22.7 million in the year ended February 28, 1998.
In 1997, Money Magazine rated the site as "Best Site for Computer Equipment". Outpost.com raised $2.7 million in venture capital in 1997, at which point the site had 25,000 visitors per day and 1.3 million customers. The company secured another $22 million in financing in 1998, and raised another $70 million from its initial public offering. Outpost.com opened a warehouse in Ohio that could guarantee next-morning domestic delivery and worldwide delivery within 48 hours. Outpost provided next-day shipping on all orders, regardless of size, up until 2001.
After the dot-com bubble burst, the company fell on hard times. In 2001, the company entered into a merger agreement with PC Connection but then terminated that merger agreement and the company was sold to Fry's Electronics for $21 million including the repayment of $13 million in debt from PC Connection. At that time, the company had 1.4 million customers and 4 million visitors per month to its website.

## Marketing

Outpost.com forged marketing partnerships with major Internet portals, such as AOL, CNet, and Lycos in which Outpost.com was featured on these websites.
Outpost.com hired Cliff Freeman to produce TV ads. His agency had created the "Pizza Pizza" campaign for Little Caesars and the "Where's the Beef?" campaigns for Wendy's International. Outpost.com adopted a zealous and controversial marketing program which included a Super Bowl ad in which fake gerbils were shot out of a cannon at the company logo, followed later by an ad that featured a high school marching band being attacked by a pack of ravenous wolves, and another ad portraying pre-school toddlers being tattooed with 'Outpost.com' across their foreheads.