OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Cornelis Bos

Cornelis Bos or Bossche (c. 1506/10 – before 7 May 1555) was a Flemish engraver, printseller and book publisher, known for his accurate engravings of Italian works. His work is often signed with the monogram C-B.

## Biography

He was born at 's Hertogenbosch, whence his surname Bos is derived, and is registered there until 1637, but he was in Antwerp by 1 April 1541 when he was granted citizenship of that city and membership in the Guild of St. Luke. There has been some speculation that he took a trip to Italy in the intervening years, but this is not certain.
His earliest identified engravings reproduce Maarten van Heemskerck's Prudence and Justice (1537), and a work by Agostino Veneziano. His re-engraving of work by Marcantonio Raimondi does not necessarily indicate that he ever made a trip to Rome. Until 1544 Bos worked in Antwerp as an engraver, commissioned by publishers in the city's extensive book trade for illustrations in books. His engravings, copied from the published engravings in Italian editions, served as illustrations for a brief summary in Dutch of the treaty on architecture by Vitruvius and for a Dutch translation of Book IV of Sebastiano Serlio's architectural treatise, both published by Pieter Coecke van Aelst. Bos' engravings illustrate a text on anatomy that he produced in 1542 by the printer and publisher Antoine de Goys.
In the summer of 1544 Bos was forced to flee Antwerp for his participation in an antisacerdotalist free-thinking spiritualist sect and was declared exiled by the Council of Brabant in his absence. It appears that he went to Paris, where an anatomical work published by Jérôme de Gourmont in 1545 repeats text used by Cornelis Bos and even makes use of the woodblocks formerly in his possession. Between 1546 and 1548, from his secure refuge in Nuremberg, Cornelis Bos would publish more than a hundred engraved designs of strapwork and grotesques. Bos also produced popular engravings of religious and allegorical subjects, often dependent for their composition upon the Kleinmeisters of Nuremberg, with many parallels in the output of Virgil Solis.
Bos moved to Groningen, where he is registered as having sold paper to the city magistrate 2 December 1548. He was granted citizenship there in 1550. His first wife Lijnken van Dort or van den Bos, with whom he had five children, was deceased by then and he remarried Alijdt, who came from a local family. The couple had two children. A document of 7 Mai 1555 refers to him as deceased. An inventory of his workshop and other possessions, taken 3 August 1544, which included two printing presses, and the auction of his property 3 January 1545, have been mined by historians of printmaking.

## Works

* Laocoön and His Sons,
* A decorative patternbook published by Jérôme de Gourmont, Livre de moresques (1546) was a pirated edition of a work published in Antwerp by Bos in 1530; it served designers of mannerist scrollwork (bandelwerk) in the Low Countries.
* Engraving after a lost work by Michelangelo of Leda and the Swan
* The Holy Trinity
# PocketDish

PocketDish was a discontinued line of media receivers for use with the Dish Network satellite television service. Using a Dish Network DVR receiver, PocketDish users could download television shows and other recorded video content from the DVR onto a PocketDish player. The devices could also download music, videos, and other media to the players from a computer, digital camera, or digital camcorder via a USB cable, or capture video and audio from any standard video or audio outlet when docked. The players were manufactured by Archos and marketed by Dish Network.
# Libaya

Libaya reigned as king of Assyria c. 1690–1674 BC. He succeeded Bel-bani in the Adaside dynasty, which came to the fore after the ejection of the Babylonians and Amorites from Assyria.
Little is known of his reign, however Assyria was a relatively peaceful, secure and stable nation during this period.
| Preceded byBel-bani | King of Assyria 1690–1674 BC | Succeeded bySharma-Adad I |
# National Fruit Collection

The United Kingdom's National Fruit Collection is one of the largest collections of fruit trees and plants in the world. Over 2,040 varieties of apple, 502 of pear, 350 of plum, 322 of cherry and smaller collections of bush fruits, nuts and grapes are grown, in 150 acres (61 ha) of orchards.
It has been curated and maintained at Brogdale Farm, Brogdale, Kent since 1952 and is owned by the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra). The University of Reading took over day-to-day maintenance of the collection in 2008.
The collection includes two trees or bushes of each variety, in case one is lost.
# Les Emmerson

Robert Leslie Emmerson (17 September 1944 – 10 December 2021) was a Canadian musician and singer. He was the lead vocalist and guitarist for the band Five Man Electrical Band, and their predecessor band The Staccatos. He also recorded as a solo artist, charting three top 40 hits in Canada, including the #5 hit "Control Of Me".

## Career

Emmerson was best known for writing the song "Signs", which was a hit for Emmerson's Five Man Electrical Band in 1971 and also a hit for the band Tesla in 1990. Both versions of the song sold approximately 1.5 million copies at the time of each respective release. In 2004, the song was sampled by Fatboy Slim in the platinum-selling song "Don't Let the Man Get You Down". Particularly as a result of the Fatboy Slim sampling, Emmerson earned enough money from royalties on "Signs" that he could support an average lifestyle without working.
He started his solo career while still a member of Five Man Electrical Band. His first solo hit "Control Of Me" was released in late 1972, and peaked at #5 in early 1973. The follow-up single, "Cry Your Eyes Out", reached a peak of #18 on RPM Weekly's Top Singles chart in September 1973. Emmerson released two more charting solo singles in 1974 and 1975 while still with the Five Man Electrical Band, but his only release after the band broke up was the non-charting single "Borderline" in 1977. No other material was released by Emmerson until 2007, when The Sound City Sessions appeared. This album consisted of material recorded in 1976 and 1977, including "Borderline", and remains Emmerson's only solo album; his other solo singles have never been released on LP or CD.

## Death

Emmerson died from complications of COVID-19 on 10 December 2021, during the COVID-19 pandemic in Ottawa. He was 77.

## Discography
### Singles

| Year | Song | Canada | U.S. Hot 100 |
| 1972 | "Control of Me" | 5 | 51 |
| 1973 | "Cry Your Eyes Out" | 18 | - |
| 1974 | "Clichés" | 75 | - |
| 1975 | "Watching the World Go By" | 26 | - |
| 1977 | "Borderline" | | - |
# Nikolai Maim

Nikolai Maim (26 February 1884 Tartu – 10 January 1976 Orangeburg, New York) was an Estonian politician. He was a member of Estonian Constituent Assembly. He was a member of the assembly since 25 July 1919. He replaced Karl Väli.
# Women's Radio Corps

The Women's Radio Corps (WRC) was established by Edna Owen (generally credited under her husband's name, Mrs Herbert Sumner Owen) and an advisory council during World War I. The aim of this branch of the US Army Signal Corps was to recruit women to train as wireless operators, in order to replace male wireless operators who had gone to war. The activities of the Corps converged with the wartime wireless activities and training of the National League for Women's Service whose training classes were directed by Owen.

## Foundation

The Women's Radio Corps was established during World War I by Edna Owen and an advisory council consisting of many influential figures in the field of wireless communications: Gano Dunn, past president of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers; Alfred Goldsmith, co-founder of the Institute of Radio Engineers; Edward J. Nally, vice president and general manager of the Marconi Wireless Telegraph Company of America; and Columbia University professor Michael Pupin, then president of the Institute of Radio Engineers. The council was chaired by Owen herself and responsibility for the supply of wireless training apparatus for the WRC fell to Nally's commercial manager, David Sarnoff.
A mere six days after the US entered the war in April 1917, Owen offered to provide 500 licensed female wireless operators in six months. In order to achieve this highly ambitious goal, Owen campaigned tirelessly to add recruits, lecturing up to 200 young women at once in lectures in New York and Washington, D.C., on the "many wonderful opportunities" brought by the occasion of the "great world war. . . . [I]t is your duty to prepare yourselves in order that you may set men free, that they may go to the front and fight for you and yours."
Members of the Women's Radio Corps took the same courses and received the same wireless licenses from the US Bureau of Navigation as male wireless operators. The first activity of the WRC was to teach wireless classes for drafted men on Long Island. Members of the WRC also served as inspectors of wireless apparatus and worked in the Radio Research and Development section of the US Army Signal Corps.

## After the war

With the Armistice declared in November 1918, the WRC was not demobilised but rather changed tack and began training women to work as commercial wireless operators - they believed wireless telegraphy was "one of the most important of the many new careers open to women" - as the US wireless stations nationalised during the war returned to private ownership.
By late 1918, some of the members of the WRC had moved to Washington, D.C., where they joined many other single women in filling in for male workers in government bureaucracies, setting up a boarding house and establishing their headquarters at 2834 14th Street in the Columbia Heights neighbourhood. By January 1919, their membership had dwindled to 21 and it appears the corps was disbanded.
# White-headed pigeon

The white-headed pigeon (Columba leucomela) is a pigeon native to the east coast of Australia.

## Taxonomy and systematics

The pigeon family is a group of stout-bodied birds with short necks and short slender bills with a worldwide distribution. The white-headed pigeon is in the genus Columba, the same as the Rock dove (C. livia) from which the domestic pigeon is derived. It has no subspecies.
The white-headed pigeon was originally classified as C. norfolciensis, but the 1953 discovery of an 18th century painting indicated that the description was likely for a different bird on Norfolk Island, perhaps the Pacific emerald dove (Chalcophaps longirostris). It is most closely related to the Metallic pigeon (C. vitiensis).

## Description

The white-headed pigeon draws its name from its distinctive white head, neck, breast, and belly. In males, the wings are slate grey, along with the tail. The upperparts are grey black, with a green or purple iridescence. The bill is pink to dark red, but with a yellow or white tip. The legs and feet are pink to red. Females appear similar to males, but their white coloration is less brilliant and more muddied. Juveniles are similar to females, but with a greyer head and darker gray underparts. Juveniles have greyer feet, legs, and bills, with the bill white tipped. Adults range from 38–42 cm (15–17 in) from beak to tail, and weigh around 420 g (15 oz).
The eye ring and legs are red and the eyes are pale orange or yellow.
Their call is loud and gruff sounding like "WHOO!" followed by a gruff inhalation sounding "uk" (repeated three times). Sometimes the call is a low "oom".

## Distribution and habitat

The pigeon's habitat is from Cooktown, Queensland to southern New South Wales, with increasing numbers now found in eastern Victoria. It can commonly be found in tropical regions, subtropical rainforest, scrub, watercourses and street trees. Since colonisation of Australia, their numbers have decreased but they have thrived on the introduced Camphor laurel (Cinnamomum camphora).

## Behavior and ecology

The white-headed pigeon's nest generally consists of scanty twigs and is usually placed high in canopy up to 18 metres. It tends to lay one cream-white egg. Breeding is mostly from October to December.
These pigeons are often found alone, in pairs or in small flocks. They are very quiet and elusive. Their flight is swift and direct.

### Feeding

This bird's diet consists of fruits and seeds, with its favourite food being the invasive camphor laurel (Cinnamomum camphora). White-headed pigeons will consume buds, flowers, leaves, and ripe and unripe fruits of the camphor laurel year-round. They feed in tree canopies alone or small groups, but may also feed on the ground from time to time. Larger groups may gather when feeding on camphor laurels, up to 100. It also eats fallen grains in cornfields.

## Status

Due to its large range, and an increasing population, the white-headed pigeon is considered a least-concern species.
# Peter Jones (mathematician)

Peter Wilcox Jones (born 1952) is a mathematician at Yale University, known for his work in harmonic analysis and fractal geometry. He received his Ph.D. at the University of California, Los Angeles in 1978, under the supervision of John B. Garnett. He received the Salem Prize in 1981. He is an elected member of the U.S. National Academy of Sciences (2008), the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences (2008), and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (1998). He is not related to the mathematician Vaughan Jones.
# Pompey Supporters Trust

The Pompey Supporters Trust, or the PST, is a supporters' trust consisting of fans of Portsmouth F.C., an English professional football club. The prime role of the group is to represent the interests of Portsmouth F.C. The trust was also the club's majority owner from 2013 until 2017.

## History

The trust's first meeting was held in September 2009, after various people contacted supporters, talking about the possibility of starting a supporters' trust. On 23 December, the PST was finally created.
On 30 March 2012, after Portsmouth's successive relegations and administrations, the trust launched a bid to try to buy the club, initially asking supporters to donate a minimum of £100. In August, PST announced a new bid, and members of the UK Parliament urged Balram Chainrai (Portsmouth's previous owner) to reach a deal with the Trust. On 18 October 2012, PKF administrator Trevor Birch announced that the trust were named 'preferred bidders' ahead of Chainrai's Portpin.
On 15 November 2012, PST signed a conditional agreement with PKF, Portsmouth's administrators, to buy the club. The deal was delayed, however, due to Chainrai's refusal to reach an agreement to the sale of Fratton Park, the club's stadium. On 10 April 2013, a ruling by the High Court of Justice allowed the takeover to proceed. The PST then appointed Iain McInnes as the club's chairman. On 19 April 2013, the club came out of administration.
A year after taking over, the PST had 2,300 shareholders and raised around £2.5m through individual pledges of £1,000. On 29 September 2014, after almost 18 months in charge, PST declared that the club was debt-free after paying back all creditors and legacy payments to ex-players. On Saturday 17 December 2016, the Pompey Supporters Trust unveiled their 'Wall of Fame' plaques to the rear wall of the North Stand's exterior, featuring the names of all the 2,300 PST shareholders who had financially contributed to save Portsmouth FC from liquidation in 2013.
In May 2017, PST members voted to sell Portsmouth F.C. to The Tornante Company, an investment company owned by former Disney CEO Michael Eisner. The purchase was completed on 3 August 2017.
The PST remains active as an organization that represents the interests of supporters.
# Princess Sophie of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach

Princess Sophie of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach may refer to:
* Princess Sophie of the Netherlands (1824–1897), wife of Charles Alexander, Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach
* Princess Sophie of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach (1888–1913), daughter of Prince William of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach (noteworthy for her suicide)
* Princess Sophie of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach (1911–1988), daughter of William Ernest, Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach
# Cornelis Bloemaert

Cornelis Bloemaert II (1603 – 28 September 1692), was a Dutch painter and engraver, who after training in the Dutch Republic worked most of his career in Rome. His workshop in Rome played an important role in spreading Italian art throughout Europe and attracted many young engravers from abroad.

## Biography

Bloemaert was born in Utrecht. He studied with his father, Abraham Bloemaert, his brothers Hendrick and Adriaan, and his father's pupil, Gerard van Honthorst. Though originally trained as a painter, he devoted himself primarily to printmaking, which he learned from Crispijn van de Passe. He went to Paris in 1630, where he made engravings from among others, Michel de Marolles's Temple des Muses, before going to Rome in 1633. His chisel can be recognised by the colours' richness and the smoothness of their transitions. Amongst his pupils were Michel Natalis and Gilles Rousselet. Some of his better known engravings are of Annibale Carracci's The Holy Family, Pietro da Cortona's Adoration of the Shepherds, and Rubens' Meleager.
He traveled to Rome, where he made reproductive prints after Italian paintings. In 1659 and 1667 he did frontispiece engravings for Daniello Bartoli's Istoria della Compagnia di Gesu. He was so successful that he stayed there until receiving word that his father wished to see him once more before he died. He delayed his return so long, that his father died, so he remained in Rome until his own death. He was a member of the Bentvueghels, an association of mainly Dutch and Flemish artists active in Rome. It was customary for the Bentvueghels to adopt an appealing nickname, the so-called 'bent name'. Bloemaert was reportedly given the bent name Winter.
During the period from 1664 to 1677, he worked with other engravers on reproductions of the Pietro da Cortona frescoes in the Palazzo Pitti in Florence. These prints were published by Giovanni Giacomo de Rossi around 1677 in Rome as part of a series of 15 unnumbered prints entitled Heroicae Virtutes Imagines quas eques Petrus Beretinus pinxit Florentiae (Images of heroic deeds painted by the painted by the knight Pietro Berrettini of Florence). Other printmakers who worked on this series include Coenraed Lauwers, Albert Clouwet, Jacques Blondeau, Lambert Visscher, Charles de La Haye, Jean Gerardin, François Spierre and Pierre Simon.
He died in Rome where he was buried on 28 September 1692.
# Redknife Formation

The Redknife Formation is a stratigraphical unit of Devonian age in the Western Canadian Sedimentary Basin.
It takes the name from Redknife River, a tributary of the Mackenzie River, and was first described in the banks of the Trout River, north of Trout Lake, Northwest Territories, at Table Rock Rapids by Belyea and McLaren in 1962.

## Lithology

The Redknife Formation is divided into the Jean Marie Member (base) and an upper unnamed shale unit. The Jean Marie Member is composed of argillaceous, silty and dolomitic fossiliferous limestone. The carbonates are massive east of Fort Nelson and west of the Alberta border. The upper Redknife consists of calcareous shales with silty limestone and siltstone interbeds. To the south and east, the shales grade into limestone and siltstone, and it becomes dolomitic in the Peace River arch.
The Redknife formation contains common coral and brachiopod fossils.

### Oil/gas production

Gas is produced from the Jean Marie Member in the Greater Sierra filed east of Fort Nelson, British Columbia.

## Distribution

The Redknife Formation occurs in outcrops in the southern Northwest Territories and in the sub-surface in north-eastern British Columbia, also reaching into north-western Alberta. The maximum thickness of the upper shales is 79 feet (20 m), and the lower carbonates are up to 15 feet (0 m). The Jean Marie Member is found in outcrops south of the Mackenzie River between Kakisa and Blackstone River. It grades westwards into the shale facies of the Fort Simpson Formation. East of the Peace River Arch it turns into the carbonates of the Kakisa Formation.

## Relationship to other units

The Redknife Formation is conformly overlain by the Kakisa Formation and overlies the Tathlina Formation in northern Alberta and the Fort Simpson Formation in British Columbia and Northwest Territories. The Fort Simpson Formation replaces the Redknife Formation to the west. The Redknife Formation can be correlated with the Nisku Formation and upper part of the Ireton Formation in central Alberta.

### Subdivisions

The Jean Marie Member is designated as the lower part of the Redknife Formation where it is represented by massive limestone or silty carbonates. The Jean Marie Member was deposited during the Frasnian age. It is named for the Jean Marie River.
# Pottippara

Pottippara is a small village located in the Malappuram district of Kerala state. It is located near Chenguvetty Kottakkal.

## History

This is a small barren rock land with no inhabitants in the late 1970s. The village came into existence once the settlers from nearby places started shifting their homes to higher lands.

## Culture

Pottippara village is a predominantly Muslim populated area. Hindus are exist in comparatively smaller numbers. So the culture of the locality is based upon Muslim traditions. Duff Muttu, Kolkali and Aravanamuttu are common folk arts of this locality. There are many libraries attached to mosques giving a rich source of Islamic studies. Some of the books are written in Arabi-Malayalam which is a version of the Malayalam language written in Arabic script. People gather in mosques for the evening prayer and continue to sit there after the prayers discussing social and cultural issues. Business and family issues are also sorted out during these evening meetings. The Hindu minority of this area keeps their rich traditions by celebrating various festivals in their temples. Hindu rituals are done here with a regular devotion like other parts of Kerala.

## Transportation

Pottippara village connects to other parts of India through Kottakkal town. National highway No.66 passes through Tanur and the northern stretch connects to Goa and Mumbai. The southern stretch connects to Cochin and Trivandrum. State Highway No.28 starts from Nilambur and connects to Ooty, Mysore and Bangalore through Highways.12,29 and 181. National Highway No.966 connects to Palakkad and Coimbatore. The nearest airport is at Kozhikode. The nearest major railway station is at Tirur.
# Piranhas River (lower Araguaia River tributary)

The Piranhas River is a river of Tocantins state in central Brazil. The Piranhas joins the Araguaia River in the west-central area of Tocantins state near the municipality of Araguacema.
# White-headed vanga

The white-headed vanga (Artamella viridis) is a species of bird in the family Vangidae. It is monotypic within the genus Artamella. It is endemic to Madagascar, where its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forest, subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest, and subtropical or tropical moist montane forest.

## Taxonomy and systematics
### Former Species

Formerly, some authorities also considered the black-and-crimson oriole to be a species within the genus Artamella.
# Gudger

Gudger is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Eleanor Gudger, English poker player
* Garlan Gudger, American politician
* James M. Gudger Jr. (1855–1920), American politician
* V. Lamar Gudger (1919–2004), American politician
# Villa, Burkina Faso

Villa is a town in the Bingo Department of Boulkiemdé Province in central western Burkina Faso. It has a population of 2,113.