OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Conjugate eye movement

Conjugate eye movement refers to motor coordination of the eyes that allows for bilateral fixation on a single object.
A conjugate eye movement is a movement of both eyes in the same direction to maintain binocular gaze (also referred to as “yoked” eye movement). This is in contrast to vergence eye movement, where binocular gaze is maintained by moving eyes in opposite directions, such as going “cross eyed” to view an object moving towards the face. Conjugate eye movements can be in any direction, and can accompany both saccadic eye movements and smooth pursuit eye movements.
Conjugate eye movements are used to change the direction of gaze without changing the depth of gaze. This can be used to either follow a moving object, or change focus entirely. When following a moving object, conjugate eye movements allow individuals to stabilize their perception of the moving object, and focus on the object rather than the rest of the visual world. When changing focus, conjugate eye movements allow for the perception of a stabilized world relative to an individual, rather than the perception of the world “jumping” as the individual’s gaze shifts. Without conjugate eye movements, there would be no synchronicity of the information obtained by each eye, so an individual would not be able to willingly move their eyes around a scene while still maintaining depth perception and scene or object stability.
Several centers in the brainstem are involved. Horizontal conjugate gaze is controlled by the nuclei of the Ocular Nerve, CN III, and the Abducens nerve, CN VI, the paramedian pontine reticular formation, and the nucleus prepositus hypoglossi-medial vestibular nucleus. Vertical conjugate gaze is controlled by the nuclei of CN III and the Trochlear nerve, CN IV, the rostral interstitial nucleus of medial longitudinal fasciculus (riMLF), and the interstitial nucleus of Cajal.
Disorders of conjugate gaze typically consist of the inability to move one or both eyes in the desired direction, or the inability to prevent eyes from making vergence movements.
Conjugate gaze palsy: Conjugate gaze palsies typically affect horizontal gaze, although some affect upward gaze. Few affect downward gaze. These effects can range in severity from a complete lack of voluntary eye movement to mild impairments in speed, accuracy or range of eye movement.
Internuclear ophthalmoplegia: Internuclear ophthalmoplegia affects horizontal gaze, such that one eye is capable of full horizontal movement, while the other is incapable of gazing in the direction contralateral to the affected eye.
One and a half syndrome: “One and a half syndrome” also affects horizontal gaze. One eye is completely incapable of horizontal movement, while the other eye is capable of horizontal movement only in one direction away from the midline.
# Empire Lakes Golf Course

34°05′02″N 117°33′52″W﻿ / ﻿34.083857°N 117.564451°W﻿ / 34.083857; -117.564451 Empire Lakes Golf Course was a public, daily fee golf course designed by Arnold Palmer located in Rancho Cucamonga, California. The course was home to the Nationwide Tour event, the Mark Christopher Charity Classic. The 18-hole, par 72 course featured a challenging 7,034 yards (6,432m) from the black tees, fairways with water features and hills, a large bi-directional practice area and golf school, and a clubhouse and pro shop.
In late 2015, regional developer, The Lewis Group of Companies, proposed closing the golf course and redeveloping the property into 2650–3450 high-density residential units, as well as retail, commercial, and office space.
On May 18, 2016, the Rancho Cucamonga City Council certified the final Environmental Impact Report and approved the amendments to the city's General Plan and the project's Specific Plan.
The golf course was closed permanently on May 31, 2016. Construction on "The Resort" community is expected to continue for 8–10 years, and the first units were expected to be ready for occupancy as early as 2017. As of February 2020, one of the developers, The New Home Company, has announced the opening of the first model homes and units for sale in the "Nova" neighborhood of the project.
# Modified Chee's medium

In cellular biology and microbiology, modified Chee's medium (otherwise known as "MCM") is used to cultivate cells and bacteria. It uses various additives (fat acids, albumins and selenium) to facilitate cellular and bacterial growth.
# Puerto Rican racer

Puerto Rican racer is a common name which may refer to two species of snake native to Puerto Rico:
* Borikenophis portoricensis, long recognized as a distinct species
* Borikenophis prymnus, recently recognized as a distinct species from B. portoricensis
* Borikenophis variegatus, recently recognized as a distinct species from B. portoricensis
# Mohammad Al Duaij

Mohammad Al Duaij (born 1980) is a Kuwaiti businessman, entrepreneur and speaker. He became the chief executive officer of Alea Global Group in 2008.
He studied accounting and finance at Leeds University and graduated in 2002 and began his career by joining the Kuwait Fund for Arab Economic Development as part of the Asian projects funding team. From 2004 to 2008 he worked as financial analyst and investment manager at Global Investment House in Kuwait.

## Awards

Al Duaij is the recipient of several awards. He was named The Man of the Year 2017 by Business Worldwide Publication for his work ability to maintain excellent professional relationships despite often challenging political circumstances. Further, he is a recipient of the Business Worldwide Magazine's CEO award in 2016. Also in 2016, Alea Global Group received the Global Business Award 'Advisory firm of the year', awarded by The European.
# Mohammad Al Murr

Mohammad Ahmad Mohammad Al Murr Al Falasi (born 1955 in Dubai) is a short-story writer from the United Arab Emirates.
He has published over 15 volumes of short stories and has had two collections translated into English: Dubai Tales and The Wink of the Mona Lisa.
Al Murr graduated from Syracuse University in the United States, and has been a member of a number of UAE academic institutions and councils. He is the head of the Dubai Cultural Council, recently reorganized as the Dubai Culture & Arts Authority.
In 2011 Al Murr was appointed to the Federal National Council's 15th Chapter as a representative of the Emirate of Dubai, and elected uncontested as Speaker. He served as the speaker from 2011 to 2015.
# WISE 1217+1626

WISEPC J121756.91+162640.2 (designation abbreviated to WISE 1217+1626, or WISE J1217+1626) is a binary brown dwarf system of spectral classes T9 + Y0, located in constellation Coma Berenices at approximately 30.4 light-years from Earth.

## History of observations
### Discovery

WISE 1217+1626 A was discovered in 2011 by J. Davy Kirkpatrick et al. from data, collected by Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) Earth-orbiting satellite — NASA infrared-wavelength 40 cm (16 in) space telescope, which mission lasted from December 2009 to February 2011. In 2011 Kirkpatrick et al. published a paper in The Astrophysical Journal Supplement, where they presented discovery of 98 new found by WISE brown dwarf systems with components of spectral types M, L, T and Y, among which also was WISE 1217+1626.

### Initial estimate of spectral type

Initial estimate of WISE 1217+1626' spectral type (before discovery of its binarity) was T9 (the same as the component's A type estimate made after this discovery).

### Discovery of component B

WISE 1217+1626 B was discovered in 2012 by Liu et al. with laser guide star (LGS) adaptive optics (AO) system of the 10-m Keck II Telescope on Mauna Kea, Hawaii, using infrared camera NIRC2 (the observations were made on 2012 January 29 (UT)). On 2012 April 1 (UT) Liu et al. observed WISE J1217+1626AB using the near-IR camera NIRI on the Gemini-North 8.1-m telescope on Mauna Kea, Hawaii and the binary was marginally resolved. On 12 April 2012 (UT) they obtained resolved spectroscopy of WISE J1217+1626AB with the near-IR spectrograph NIRSPEC again on the Keck II Telescope. In 2012 Liu et al. published a paper in The Astrophysical Journal where they presented results of observations with Keck II LGS-AO of three brown dwarf binary systems, binarity of one of which was known before, and binarity of the other two, including WISE 1217+1626, was first presented in this paper.

## Physical properties

Using three models, Liu et al. calculated physical properties of WISE 1217+1626 components for ages of 1 and 5 billion years. Later, models corresponding to age of the system equal to 1 billion years, were found to be poorly fitting and were discarded.
From Burrows et al. (2003) models and M(J):
| Component and assumed age | Mass, M$_{Jup}$ | T$_{eff}$, K | log g, cm/s$^2$ | P, yr |
| A (for 5 Gyr) | 29±3 | 530±30 | 4.95±0.05 | |
| B (for 5 Gyr) | 18.4±1.0 | 402±11 | 4.68±0.03 | 130+230 −30 |
From Lyon/COND models and M(J):
| Component and assumed age | Mass, M$_{Jup}$ | T$_{eff}$, K | log g, cm/s$^2$ | P, yr |
| A (for 5 Gyr) | 8.3±0.9 | 660±40 | 5.07±0.05 | |
| B (for 5 Gyr) | 20±2 | 470±30 | 4.77±0.05 | 120+220 −30 |
From Lyon/COND models and L$_{bol}$:
| Component and assumed age | Mass, M$_{Jup}$ | T$_{eff}$, K | log g, cm/s$^2$ | P, yr |
| A (for 5 Gyr) | 33±5 | 630±70 | 5.04±0.09 | |
| B (for 5 Gyr) | 13±3 | 370±50 | 4.54±0.11 | 130+240 −30 |
Both components have a thin cloud layers in atmosphere. Despite being cold enough to have a chloride and sulfide clouds in atmosphere, component B atmosphere is not as cloudy as expected, possibly because of the system been metal-poor.
# List of Alicante citizens

This is a list of notable people from the city of Alicante, Spain or notable foreigners who live or lived there:
* Francisca Aguirre, (1930- 2019), poet
* Rafael Altamira y Crevea (1866–1951), co-founder of Permanent Court of International Justice so-called the World Court, after 1945 International Court of Justice
* Arkano, rapper
* Carlos Arniches (1866–1943), novelist
* Francisco Javier de Balmis (1753–1819), physician who headed the Balmis expedition to vaccinate the Spanish-colonies population against smallpox.
* Miriam Blasco, judoka Olympic winner
* Esther Cañadas, model and actor
* Lorenzo Carbonell Santacruz, mayor in 1931–1936
* Francesc de Paula Castelló Aleu (1914-1936), chemist, blessed Roman Catholic
* Alex de Minaur, tennis player
* José María Dols Abellán (1953–2014), bullfighter
* José María Dols Samper, bullfighter and model (son of above)
* Antoni Egea, artist
* Juan Escarré (1969), field hockey player
* Isabel Fernández, judoka Olympic winner
* Pedro Ferrándiz, basketball coach
* David Ferrer, tennis player
* Lola Forner (1960), former Miss Spain 1979 and actor
* Antonio Gades (1936–2004), Flamenco dancer
* Miguel Hernández, poet
* Ricardo Llorca (born 1962), composer
* Kiko Martínez, boxer
* Gabriel Miró (1879–1930), novelist
* George Washington Montgomery (1804–1841), United States diplomat and editor/publisher of the first Spanish-language translation of the works of Washington Irving.
* Nahemah, Extreme metal band
* Solveig Nordström, archeologist
* Sandra Paños, goalkeeper
* José Perramón, handball player
* Belén Rueda, actor
* Francisco Rufete, footballer
* Manuel Senante (1873–1959), Carlist publisher and politician
* Ilia Topuria, UFC fighter
* Asunción Valdés (born 1950), journalist
# Contrapasso

In Dante's Inferno, contrapasso (or, in modern Italian, contrappasso, from Latin contra and patior, meaning "suffer the opposite") is the punishment of souls "by a process either resembling or contrasting with the sin itself." A similar process occurs in the Purgatorio.
One of the examples of contrapasso occurs in the fourth Bolgia of the eighth circle of Hell, where the sorcerers, astrologers, and false prophets have their heads turned back on their bodies such that it is "necessary to walk backward because they could not see ahead of them." This alludes to the consequences of predicting the future by evil means and displays the twisted nature of magic in general. This example of contrapasso "functions not merely as a form of divine revenge, but rather as the fulfillment of a destiny freely chosen by each soul during his or her life."
The word contrapasso can be found in Inferno, in which the decapitated Bertran de Born declares: Così s'osserva in me lo Contrapasso (XXVIII.142), which was translated by Longfellow as "thus is observed in me the counterpoise", and by Singleton as "thus is the retribution observed in me." Dante believes that De Born is in the ninth Bolgia of schismatics for causing Henry the Young King's rebellion against his father, Henry II of England. De Born is decapitated as a contrapasso for his supposed act of political decapitation in undermining a rightful head of the state.
Dante inherited the idea of "contrapasso" from various theological and literary sources. These include Thomas Aquinas' Summa Theologica as well as medieval ‘visions’ such as the Visio Pauli, Visio Alberici [fr], and Visio Tnugdali.
# Neuvy-Deux-Clochers

Neuvy-Deux-Clochers (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Cher department in the Centre-Val de Loire region of France.

## Geography

A farming area comprising the village and a couple of hamlets, situated some 20 miles (32 km) northeast of Bourges, at the junction of the D49 with the D74 and D196 roads.

## Sights

* The church of St. Jean-Baptiste, dating from the twelfth century.
* The tower of the 12th-century Vèvre castle at the hamlet of La Tour.
# Li Zhaoyi (Shu Han)

Li Zhaoyi (李昭儀, d. 264) was a Chinese noble woman from the Shu Han state during the Three Kingdoms period. She was the concubine of the Shu Emperor Liu Shan. She was from the Li clan (李) and entered the imperial court under the office title of Zhaoyi (昭儀).

## Fall of Shu

In 263, the Wei general Deng Ai led a campaign to conquer the state of Shu. When Deng Ai arrived at the gates of Chengdu, the capital of Shu, where Li Zhaoyi lived, Liu Shan and the entire army surrendered to Wei. Liu Shan signed a surrender treaty and was treated cordially by Deng Ai, later Liu Shan and Empress Zhang went to Cao Wei's capital Luoyang. Li Zhaoyi remained in Chengdu and was ousted from her post.
Liu Shan's surrender caused an uproar among Shu officials, with opinions divided, many of the officials committed suicide, including Liu Shan's son Liu Chen. Li Zhaoyi felt humiliated by the surrender and showed her distaste for Cao Wei's rule. Later, the state of Wei decided to marry the women of the Shu imperial court to unmarried Wei generals. Li Zhaoyi, who had already been humiliated by losing her country to the rival state, would be humiliated again by marrying a Wei general against her will. She said "I can't be insulted again and again" and committed suicide.
# Richard Swanley

Richard Swanley (died September 1650) was a British Royal Navy commander.

## Biography

Swanley is probably to be identified with the Richard Swanley, a commander in the East India Company's service, who in 1623 went out as master of the Great James with Captain John Weddell, and was in her in the four days' fight with the Portuguese near Ormuz, on 1–4 February 1625; but there was another captain of the name in the company's service at the same time, and the identification cannot be ascertained beyond doubt. In the summer of 1642 Swanley commanded the Charles in the Narrow Seas, and took a prominent part in the operations against Chichester, and in the reduction of the Isle of Wight for the parliament. He co-operated with William Waller against Portsmouth, and after its fall on 7 September 1642 summoned Southampton. In the fleet of 1643 Swanley commanded the Bonaventure of 34 guns as admiral of the Irish seas, and for good service in capturing the Fellowship of 28 guns in Milford Haven both he and William Smith, the vice-admiral, were granted by the parliament a chain of the value of 200l. In February 1644 he came off Milford Haven in the Leopard, and his squadron landed two hundred men to assist Colonel Rowland Laugharne against the royalists; and he was next ordered to cruise against an expected attempt from Brittany (Cal. State Papers, Dom. 1 and 15 June 1644). He continued serving throughout the summer, co-operating with the army in Pembrokeshire, and taking care that reinforcements from Ireland should not reach the royalists. One vessel laden with troops he captured, offered the covenant to the English on board, and flung the Irish into the sea (Gardiner, Civil War, i. 337). In the following summer he was again afloat, but in August was, on some charges which seemingly could not be sustained, superseded by Robert Moulton. On investigation it was determined to reinstate Richard Swanley, and he was accordingly appointed to the Lion, in which he continued, still on the same station and on similar service, till towards the end of 1647. He was afloat in July, but in November had left the sea, and in the following January was petitioning to have his accounts passed. For the next few years he resided at Limehouse, where he died in September 1650. He was buried in the churchyard of Stepney (Lysons, Environs of London, iii. 434, Suppl. 1811, p. 441). In his will (in Somerset House: Pembroke 149), dated 28 May 1649, and proved on 11 Sept. 1650, he mentions his wife Elizabeth, a daughter Mary, and two sons John and Richard, the latter of whom may probably be identified with the Richard Swanley bound apprentice to the East India Company in December 1633, who served afterwards in the navy, and was master of the Revenge in 1669.
# Wendouree (1882)

Wendouree was a steel steamship built as a collier by S & H Morton & Co., Leith, Scotland for Huddart Parker & Co. Pty. Ltd. She was later refitted to carry passengers for the Melbourne to Sydney run.

## Fate

She was wrecked on the Oyster Bank at the mouth of the Hunter River while leaving Newcastle for Adelaide on 20 July 1898. She was carrying 1,430 tons of coal and 200 tons of coke.
# Yeni language

The Yeni language is an extinct language of Cameroon, formerly spoken around Djeni Mountain in the Nyalang area. All that remains of the language, apparently, is a song remembered by some Sandani speakers. However, according to Bruce Connell (the first linguist to report its existence, in 1995), comparison of the song's words to neighboring languages suggests that "it was closely related to [the Mambiloid languages] Cambap, Njerep, and Kasabe."
# Damage (You Am I song)

"Damage" is the first single from the album Dress Me Slowly by Australian rock band You Am I. It was released in 2000 and reached number 37 on the Australian national chart and number 23 in that year's Hottest 100.

## Track listing

* "Damage" – 3:27
* "She Don't Need the Morning" – 3:47
* "One Cent Coins" – 3:31
* "Open All Night" – 4:05
All songs by Tim Rogers.
"She Don't Need the Morning", "One Cent Coins" and "Open All Night" are all You Am I originals. "Open All Night" was originally titled "Dress Me Slowly" and was destined to appear on the album, but was left off as the band did not like having a song with the album's title on the album (despite having already done this on Sound as Ever and Hourly, Daily, as well as Deliverance and Dilettantes afterwards).
The song "Open All Night" was featured in the 2000 film Better Than Sex.

## Charts

Chart performance for "Damage" :
| Chart (2000) | Peak position |
| Australia (ARIA) | 37 |
# Founder

Founder or Founders may refer to:

## Places

* Founders Park, a stadium in South Carolina, formerly known as Carolina Stadium
* Founders Park, a waterside park in Islamorada, Florida

## Arts, entertainment, and media

* Founders (Star Trek), the alien leaders of the fictional state and military superpower the Dominion, in Star Trek
* The Founder (newspaper), the student newspaper at Royal Holloway, University of London
* The Founder, a 2016 biographical feature film about McDonald's pioneer Ray Kroc

## Companies and organizations

* Founder Group, a Chinese information technology and pharmaceutical conglomerate
** Founder Technology, a Shanghai subsidiary
* Founders Brewing Company, a craft brewery located in Grand Rapids, Michigan, United States
* Founders Ministries, Christian group in the United States
* Worshipful Company of Founders, a livery company based in London, England, United Kingdom

## Roles

* Organizational founder, the person or group of persons responsible for creating an entity
** Founder, in entrepreneurship, the starter of a private or public company
** Philanthropist, the starter of a charity
** Founder CEO
* Founder, a metallurgist who operates a foundry
* Founding Fathers - see list of national founders

## Science and healthcare

* Founder, a hoof ailment caused by laminitis
* Founder effect, genetic effect of expansion of isolated small populations

## Other uses

* Founder (IRC), management status for Internet Relay Chat
* To founder (or foundering), a nautical term for shipwrecking
# Fountain Point

Fountain Point is a geographic landmark located on the eastern shore of South Lake Leelanau in Suttons Bay Township, Michigan. Its name is derived from a fountain of sparkling artesian spring water, situated on a large point on Lake Leelanau, which has been continuously gushing since 1867. Fountain Point includes a historic resort and other private residences.
# Who Wrote the Bible?

Who Wrote the Bible? may refer to:
* Who Wrote the Bible?, a 1987 book by biblical scholar Richard Elliott Friedman
* Who Wrote the Bible?, a 1996 two-part episode of the TV series Mysteries of the Bible
* Who Wrote the Bible?, a 2004 documentary by theologian Robert Beckford
# Kolbeinsey Ridge

The Kolbeinsey Ridge is a segment of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge located to the north of Iceland in the Arctic Ocean. It is bounded to the south by the Tjörnes Fracture Zone, which connects the submarine ridge to the on-shore Northern Volcanic Zone rifting center in eastern Iceland. The volcanic islands Kolbeinsey and Grímsey lie along the Kolbeinsey Ridge.

## Bacteria

In 1992, Robert Huber and Karl Stetter discovered a new species of thermophilic bacteria here and named it A. pyrophilus.
# Kohsan

Kohsan (Kohistan, Kūhestān) is a town and the administrative center of Kohsan District, Herat Province, Afghanistan. The population is 12,463 (est. 2007). It is located at 34°39′14″N 61°11′52″E﻿ / ﻿34.65389°N 61.19778°E﻿ / 34.65389; 61.19778 at 737 m altitude, near the Hari River and not far from the border with Iran.
# Neuville-au-Plain

Neuville-au-Plain (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Manche department in Normandy in north-western France.

## History
### World War II

On 6 June 1944 Neuville-au-Plain was one objective of the 505th Infantry Regiment, 82nd Airborne Division of the United States Army in the invasion of Normandy. After capturing the commune early in the day, just 42 men of Company D/505 PIR, led by 1Lt Turner Brashears Turnbull III (who was killed the next day by an artillery shell), were left to defend it. A much larger German force, consisting mainly of the 1058th Grenadier Regiment of the 91st Infantry Division, counterattacked and half of the defenders were killed or wounded in a heavy 8 hour battle. Eventually two of the American defenders, Sergeant Robert Niland and Corporal James Kelly, volunteered to remain behind. They were among wounded members of the 3rd platoon who held the German force off long enough for the rest to escape. Sergeant Niland was killed during this action.
# Langvatnet (Fauske)

Langvatnet (lit. 'Long Lake') is a lake that lies in Fauske Municipality in Nordland county, Norway. The 5.46-square-kilometre (2.11 sq mi) lake lies about 25 kilometres (16 mi) east of the town of Fauske. The village of Sulitjelma lies on the northeastern edge of the lake. Water from the lakes Kjelvatnet and Låmivatnet flow into the lake from the south and east. The water from Langvatnet flows out through the Sjønstå River to the west towards the lake Øvrevatnet.