OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Milton M. Holland

Milton Murray Holland (August 1, 1844 – May 15, 1910) was a Union Army soldier during the American Civil War and a recipient of America's highest military decoration—the Medal of Honor—for his actions at the Battle of Chaffin's Farm.

## Biography

Holland was born as the son of white slaveowner Bird Holland (killed in action at the Battle of Pleasant Hill) and Matilda, an enslaved African-American woman. He joined the army from Athens, Ohio. At the Athens County Fairgrounds he signed to the recruitment rolls 149 young black men and raised what was to become Company C of the 5th United States Colored Infantry. He was serving as a sergeant major (a temporary assignment) in the 5th USCI when his unit participated in the Battle of Chaffin's Farm on September 29, 1864 in Virginia. Three days before the end of the war, on April 6, 1865, he was issued the Medal of Honor for his actions at Chaffin's Farm. He left the army in September 1865.
Holland's wife was Virginia W. Dickey. Milton Holland died from a heart attack at the age of 65 and was buried in Arlington National Cemetery, Arlington County, Virginia.

## Medal of Honor citation

* Rank and organization: Sergeant Major, 5th U.S. Colored Troops.
* Place and date: At Chaffin's Farm, Virginia, September 29, 1864.
* Entered service at: Athens, Ohio.
* Born: 1844, Holland Quarters, Panola County, Texas.
* Date of issue: April 6, 1865.
Citation:
   Took command of Company C, after all the officers had been killed or wounded, and gallantly led it.
# Heidelberg Wellesley, Ontario

Heidelberg Wellesley is an unincorporated community in Ontario, Canada, in the Township of Wellesley, Regional Municipality of Waterloo. It is recognized as a designated place by Statistics Canada.

## Demographics

In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Heidelberg Wellesley had a population of 392 living in 149 of its 150 total private dwellings, a change of 1.3% from its 2016 population of 387. With a land area of 0.38 km$^2$ (0.15 sq mi), it had a population density of 1,031.6/km$^2$ (2,671.8/sq mi) in 2021.
# Juul Ellerman

Juul Ellerman (born 7 October 1965) is a Dutch former professional footballer, who played as a winger or as a forward.

## Club career

Ellerman started his professional career at Sparta and moved to PSV in 1988. He scored twice in a famous 1989 5–1 Champions' Cup win over previous year's finalists Steaua Bucharest with Romário scoring a hattrick and he scored the first ever hat-trick in the UEFA Champions League on 16 September 1992 for PSV Eindhoven against Žalgiris Vilnius in a 6–0 win. In 1994, Ellerman was deemed surplus to requirements and left PSV for FC Twente to replace Boudewijn Pahlplatz who moved the opposite way. He suffered from a serious knee injury and joined NEC in 1997 after Twente manager Hans Meyer said he did not need Ellerman's services anymore.
He retired in 2002 while playing for Helmond Sport.

## International career

He was capped for the national under-21 team and made his senior debut for the Netherlands national team in a January 1989 friendly match against Israel. He earned a total of 5 caps, scoring no goals. His final international was a September 1991 friendly against Poland.

## Honours

PSV Eindhoven
* Eredivisie: 1988–89, 1990–91, 1991–92
* KNVB Cup: 1988–89, 1989–90
* Dutch Supercup: 1992
# Pavel Tio

Pavel Tio (born 20 May 1963, Tashkent) is a Russian entrepreneur, chairman of the board of directors and co-owner of the Russian development company Capital Group.

## Business career

Pavel Tyo was born on 20 May 1963, in Tashkent, Uzbekistan into a family of power engineers. In 1985, he graduated from Tashkent Polytechnic Institute, specializing in thermal power plants. He was then employed at Uzbekhydroproject as a thermal power engineer.
In 2016, he headed the commission on high-rise construction of the Public Council under the Ministry of Construction of the Russian Federation.

### Capital Group

In the early 1990s he was engaged in trading, and in 1993 he became a shareholder of the construction company Capital Group. By 2016, he had become chairman of the Board of Directors, and as of 2022 he was the majority owner of the company.

#### Capital Pharmacies

Pavel Tyo was in 2017 the owner of Stolichniye Apteki, a chain of pharmacies.

## Scandals

In 2015, Pavel Tyo was suspected of killing a snow leopard in Kyrgyzstan, and the Ministry of Natural Resources sent a request to check information from social networks to the General Prosecutor's Office. According to the K-News agency, the Kyrgyz authorities did not investigate the case.
On 12 March 2024, the State Committee for National Security of Kyrgyzstan reported that it had put Pavel Tyo, a Russian businessman and owner of the Capital Group company, on the wanted list on suspicion of financing the Kamchy Kolbayev organized crime group.

## Personal life

Pavel Tyo's paternal grandfather, Korean writer Cho Men-hee (1894–1938), by the decision of the troika was sentenced to execution on charges of betrayal of the interests of the Soviet people and espionage in favor of Japan on 15 April 1938. He was executed 11 May.
Pavel Tyo is married to Olga Karput, owner of KM20 boutique. The have six children.
# ESPN's Bottom 10

The Bottom 10 (officially, ESPN.com's Bottom 10) is a week-by-week regular season "ranking" of the worst ten college football teams in the NCAA Division I FBS. ESPN.com writer Ryan McGee currently writes the column each week and is the sole determiner of the teams that are listed.
One of the running gags of the Bottom 10 is the "highly coveted Number 5 spot." This spot is typically reserved for "the top BCS blunder of the week" – a normally strong football team that found itself on the wrong end of an upset the prior week; an example would be the Bottom 10 of September 7, 2011, which featured Oregon State at the #5 ranking after its upset loss to Sacramento State, a Division I FCS program that had previously never beaten an FBS team in its history. Occasionally, the Number 5 spot can be used for other aspects relating to the game, as occurred on two consecutive weeks in 2015. On October 13, "Monday" (that day) was Number 5 following three significant events: the firing of Steve Sarkisian as head coach at USC, the PED suspension of Florida starting quarterback Will Grier, and the unexpected retirement of South Carolina head coach Steve Spurrier. One week later, the Number 5 spot was handed to "Digital Tough Guys from Michigan", referring to a number of putative Michigan fans who sent insulting tweets and death threats to Wolverines punter Blake O'Neill after his mishandling of a snap led to the game-winning touchdown for Michigan State in their October 18 game.
The Bottom 10 also features the "Pillow Fight of the Week", which is usually a matchup between fellow Bottom 10 teams.

## The Bottom 10 in popular culture

The Bottom 10 rankings are occasionally referenced by other sportswriters when writing editorials about teams that the writers consider to be poor performers. One example of this can be found in the Stanford Review: "Stanford has consistently maintained the #2 spot on the ESPN "Bottom 10" rankings, only losing, or winning depending on your perspective, to equally hapless Duke."

## Original idea

The Chicago Tribune credits the idea to Los Angeles sportswriter Steve Harvey approximately 30 years before ESPN began using the term. On Sept 6, 1972, the Los Angeles Times introduced the Bottom 10 as follows: "This season The Times will keep football fans up to date on the bad as well as the good in football with (Steve) Harvey's irreverent feature, The Bottom 10." ESPN now publishes the rankings "With apologies to Steve Harvey." In 2008, Harvey resumed his "Bottom 10" columns for college and NFL football in the Los Angeles Times.
# Helene Reynard

Helene Reynard or Helene Reinherz (24 August 1875 – 27 December 1947) was a United Kingdom economist and college administrator. She created as a separate entity King's College of Household and Social Science in London and then ran it.

## Life

Reynard was born in Vienna but her family soon moved to Bradford. Her parents were Mina (born Schapira) and Marcus Reinherz and they had three children. They all moved to Yorkshire where her father owned a woollen mill. She was educated at the local Bradford Girls' Grammar School before spending four years at Girton College in Cambridge. Although she obtained second-class honours in the moral sciences tripos she was not awarded a Cambridge degree because she was not a man. She worked in London until in 1904 she returned to her alma mater where she became the junior bursar. The following year she received an MA from Trinity College, Dublin which did not discriminate against women. (Cambridge would not award degrees to women until the 1940s).
Reynard was an active supporter of Women's suffrage. She left Girton to assist the Bradford Wool Extracting Company Ltd which was her father's business but she became a joint director. In 1914, war was declared on Germany and Reynard's family decided to change their surname from Reinherz to Reynard.
In 1925, she was given the lead administrative position at "King's College for Women" of their "household and social science department". The plan was to create King's College of Household and Social Science and this would later be Queen Elizabeth College. The King's College of Household and Social Science was formed as an independent organisation in 1928.
On 23 March 1933, Reynard was one of the 130 (mostly women) invited to celebrate the achievement of Lady Rhondda. The dinner party was held to give Lady Rhondda a portrait by Alice Mary Burton donated by anonymous well wishers. The following year she published Institutional Management and Accounts, the year after What is a Balance Sheet?
As an administrator Reynard supported Walter Ripman's "Holiday Course" which allowed foreign students to exploit the empty accommodation and space available at Kings's during the summer vacation. Reynard as identified as a key figure in keeping this facility open and it also made additional income for the college.
Reynard was recognised for her abilities by John Maynard Keynes and he proposed that she should become a lecturer in economics.
Reynard died in 1947 in London. The same year Domestic Science as a Career was published. She had written a number of books including Book-Keeping by Easy Stages with D. Hustler.
# Otłoczynek

Otłoczynek is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Aleksandrów Kujawski, within Aleksandrów County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. It lies 4 kilometres (2 mi) north of Aleksandrów Kujawski and 16 km (10 mi) south of Toruń.
# Gamma Hydrae

Gamma Hydrae (γ Hya, γ Hydrae) is a binary star in the equatorial constellation of Hydra. It has an apparent visual magnitude of 3.0, placing it second in brightness among the members of this generally faint constellation. Based upon parallax measurements made during the Hipparcos mission, this star is at a distance of around 133.8 light-years (41.0 parsecs) from Earth.

## Characteristics

The stellar spectrum of the primary matches a stellar classification of G8 III, with the luminosity class of III indicating it has evolved into a giant star after exhausting the supply of hydrogen at its core. It has nearly three times the mass of the Sun and 12.5 times the Sun's radius. The star is radiating 97 times the Sun's luminosity from its outer atmosphere at an effective temperature of 5,127 K. This heat gives it the yellow glow of a K-type star. Despite having reached an advanced stage in its evolution, it is considerably younger than the Sun with an age of around 372 million years. This is because higher mass stars consume their nuclear fuel at a more rapid rate.
The secondary component component, named Gamma Hydrae B, shares a common proper motion with the primary star. Radial velocity observations confirmed it to be physically bound to Gamma Hydrae A. It has around 60% the mass of the Sun and is located at 1.6" from the primary. The physical separation is either 67.5 or 159 astronomical units.

## In culture

γ Hya appears on the flag of Brazil, symbolising the state of Acre.
# Jean Bricmont

Jean Bricmont (French:; born 12 April 1952) is a Belgian theoretical physicist and philosopher of science. Professor at the Catholic University of Louvain (UCLouvain), he works on renormalization group and nonlinear differential equations. Since 2004, Bricmont is a member of the Division of Sciences of the Royal Academy of Belgium.
Bricmont claims he is a rationalist. He has criticized postmodernist views of science along with Alan Sokal, with whom he wrote Fashionable Nonsense (1997). He has also criticized imperialism and defended freedom of expression, adopting a position on the issue similar to that of Noam Chomsky.
Jean Bricmont was president of the Association française pour l'information scientifique from 2001 to 2006.

## Books

* Impérialisme humanitaire (2005) published in English as Humanitarian Imperialism, 2006 LCCN 2006-34221 ISBN 1-58367-147-1
* Preface to L'Atlas alternatif – Frédéric Delorca (ed), Pantin, Temps des Cerises, 2006
* Raison contre pouvoir. Le Pari de Pascal Jean Bricmont and Noam Chomsky, 5 November 2009
* La République des censeurs, L'Herne. 2014. ISBN 978-2851974570.
* Bricmont, Jean (2016). Making Sense of Quantum Mechanics. Springer. ISBN 978-3319258898. LCCN 2019757770.
* Bricmont, Jean (2017). Quantum Sense and Nonsense. Springer. ISBN 978-3319652719. LCCN 2019744992.
# Charlie Joachim

Charles Henry Joachim (July 21, 1920 – March 17, 2002) was an American professional basketball player who played in the National Basketball League for the Youngstown Bears and Flint Dow A.C.'s.
# Ramon Bech Taberner

Ramon Bech Taberner (June 16, 1918 – February 6, 1995) was a Catalan writer and journalist.
He was born in Barcelona. He joined the media in the hands of Sebastià Auger and Grupo Mundo where he held various management positions. He wrote regularly for several newspapers as Mundo Diario, Catalunya Express, Tele/eXpres or 4-2-4 and collaborated with the editorial Dopesa.
His literary output started at an early age. At 17, he published his first poems in a magazine directed by José María López. He was known for the publication of a collection of poems Noviluni (1938) and La ciutat submergida (The submerged city) (1947). He won the 1960 Carles Riba Poetry Prize with Cants terrenals (Earthly Songs) (published in 1962), with cut verses and avant-garde techniques.
Contrasted with this book, Joc de sirenes (Sirens game) was published in 1962, where he rehearsed symbolist sonnet tradition and in 1984 Quatre coses (Four Things). He was member of the poetic group called Oasis, along with other writers and permanent member of the jury John Estelrich prize. Primera Notícia/Obra poètica I (News / Poetic Work I) was first published in 1993. He also wrote and produced plays for the theater.
His personal collection is kept in the National Archive of Catalonia.

## Works

* La ciutat submergida, Barcelona Antologia 1947. OCLC 433392866
* Cants terrenals. Poemes. Carles Riba, 1960. OCLC 12983412
* Joc de sirenes. Barcelona, 1962. OCLC 12983420
* Teresa Pàmies, Ramon Bech Taberner Cuando éramos capitanes: (Memorias de aquella guerra). Dopesa, 1974
* Quatre Coses Poemes, Barcelona : Canigó, 1984, ISBN 9788439813705
* Obra poètica, L'Aixernador, 1992, ISBN 8486332877
# Banal nationalism

Banal nationalism refers to everyday representations of a nation, which build a sense of shared national identity.

## Coining of the term

The term is derived from English academic, Michael Billig's 1995 book of the same name and is intended to be understood critically. Billig's book has been described as 'the fourth most cited work on nationalism ever published'. Billig devised the concept of 'banal nationalism' to highlight the routine and often unnoticed ways that established nation states are reproduced from day to day.

## Impact

The concept has been highly influential, particularly within the discipline of political geography, with continued academic interest since the book's publication in 1995. Today the term is used primarily in academic discussion of identity formation, geopolitics, and the nature of nationalism in contemporary political culture.

## Examples

Examples of banal nationalism include the use of flags in everyday contexts, sporting events, national songs, symbols on money, popular expressions and turns of phrase, patriotic clubs, the use of implied togetherness in the national press, for example, the use of terms such as the prime minister, the weather, our team, and divisions into "domestic" and "international" news. Many of these symbols are most effective because of their constant repetition, and almost subliminal nature. Banal nationalism is often created via state institutions such as schools. It can contribute to bottom-up processes of nation-building.

## Distinction from extremist variants

Michael Billig's primary purpose in coining the term was to clearly differentiate everyday, regular nationalism from extremist variants. He argued that the academic and journalistic focus on extreme nationalists, independence movements, and xenophobes in the 1980s and 1990s obscured the strength of contemporary nationalism, by implying that nationalism was a fringe ideology rather than a dominant theme in contemporary political culture.
Billig noted the almost unspoken assumption of the utmost importance of the nation in political discourse of the time, for example in the calls to protect Kuwait during the Gulf War, or to take action in the United States after the September 11 attacks. He argues that the "hidden" nature of modern nationalism makes it a very powerful ideology, partially because it remains largely unexamined and unchallenged, yet remains the basis for powerful political movements, and most political violence in the world today. Banal nationalism should not be thought of as a weak form of nationalism, but the basis for "dangerous nationalisms".

## Contrast with other causes for mobilized action

However, in earlier times, calls to the "nation" were not as important, when religion, monarchy or family might have been invoked more successfully to mobilize action. Billig also uses the concept to dispute post-modernist claims that the nation state is in decline, noting particularly the continued hegemonic power of American nationalism.
# Ośmiałowo

Ośmiałowo is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Lipno, within Lipno County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. It lies approximately 4 kilometres (2 mi) south-west of Lipno and 42 km (26 mi) south-east of Toruń.
# Domingo Pilarte (evangelist)

Domingo Damian Pilarte (born February 23, 1941, in the Dominican Republic) was a Christian evangelist who held mass crusades during the 1960s–1980s. He traveled to more than 80 countries preaching the Gospel of Jesus Christ. Many of the claimed miracles that occurred during his crusades have been documented in books, magazines and newspapers. These miracles included healings of the crippled, blind, deaf, mute, and terminally ill.

## Early life

Domingo Pilarte was born in the Dominican Republic on February 23, 1941. He began preaching shortly after a near death experience where he lost his brother during a boating trip. He explains how God spoke to him and rescued him that day after nearly drowning, he documented this experience in his book titled My Calling.

## Ministry

Pilarte, at the age of 17, began preaching a simple message of salvation through Jesus Christ. It wasn't long before his ministry grew and he began preaching in stadiums around the world. He traveled to many countries including Venezuela, Panama, Costa Rica, Colombia, Africa, Japan, Trinidad & Tobago, and the US. There were many claims of miracles witnessed during his crusades.

## Family

Domingo Pilarte Sr. died on November 15, 2009. He is succeeded by his 5 children, Jimmy Pilarte, Josie Pilarte, Debbie Pilarte, and Ruth Pilarte. His ministry is succeeded by his son Domingo Pilarte Jr. He also has a grandson named Domingo Pilarte who is a professional MMA fighter (DomingoPilartemma.com).

## Crusade gallery

* Crusade held in Caracas, Venezuela in El Nuevo Circo Stadium.

## General references

* Dr. Clifton L. Holland, director of PROLADES (23 June 2003). "Toward a Classification System of Religious Groups in the Americas" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-03. Retrieved 2015-11-09.
* West, C.H. (2008). Life Is a Great Adventure: Discovering Truth in the Journey of Life. Tate Publishing & Enterprises. p. 177. ISBN 9781604621648. Retrieved 2015-11-09.*
# Northern Elements Progressive Union

The Northern Elements Progressive Union (NEPU) was the first political party in Northern Nigeria. Founded in Kano on 8 August 1950, it was the offshoot of a pre-existing political association called the Northern Elements Progressive Association. It became the main opposition party in Northern Nigeria after the region was granted self-governance in the 1950s. In the First Republic it maintained a steady alliance with Zikist National Council of Nigeria and the Cameroons (NCNC) against the Northern People's Congress (NPC)-dominated Federal Government.

## History

In the late 1940s, the dawning of a constitutional conference (the Richards Constitution) spurred a crisis in the then Socio-Cultural Association of Northern Nigeria the NPC. The conservatives keen on protecting Northern traditions were reluctant to spearhead any transformation in the socio cultural dynamic of the region while the leftist led by Sa'adu Zungur championed a form of radical modernization they called Democratic Humanism. This in turn ignited a wave discontent within leftist circles in the North, on 8 August 1950, a conference of leftist individuals representing the Spikin Movement and pro-Zungeru modernists at a building in Yoruba road, Kano issued the Sawaba Declaration; a proclamation of a political front calling for a socialist revolution in Northern Nigeria, the Student wing of the party called Zahar Haqu had members such as Abdullahi Aliyu Sumaila. This was to become the enduring manifesto of NEPU. An English translation by Aminu Kano of the original Hausa document published by the party in 1953 called on the 'Talakawa' or populace to launch a 'class struggle against the ruling class'.
After a protracted struggle within the party between Abba Maikwaru and Malam Aminu Kano (then a school teacher). A shift of support by the Spikin Movement in the Lafiya Convention of 1953 resulted in a victory for Aminu Kano from then on, Aminu Kano was to dominate the party infrastructure until 1964, when the same radicals that supported him turned against him and created a parallel structure called the Northern Elements Freedom Organisation.

## Notable members

* Mallam Aminu Kano
* Mallam Sa'adu Zungur
* Mallam Magaji Dambatta
* Abdulkadir Danjaji
* Hajiya Gambo Sawaba
* Tanko Yakasai
* Mudi Sipikin
* Abdullahi Aliyu Sumaila
* Wada Nas