OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Atlantic (locomotive)

Atlantic was the name of a very early American steam locomotive built by inventor and foundry owner Phineas Davis for the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad (B&O) in 1832. It is in fact the first commercially successful and practical American built locomotive and class prototype, and Davis' second constructed for the B&O, his first having won a design competition contest announced by the B&O in 1830.

## Design and construction

Built at a cost of $4,500 (equal to $137,340 today), the Atlantic weighed 6.5 short tons (5.9 t; 5.8 long tons) and had two vertical cylinders. It was commissioned after Davis' entry had won the competition for a steam locomotive design, but the contract was awarded to the inventor of the Tom Thumb; when the five locomotives commissioned failed the contracted delivery, B&O bought out the patents. A few of these were incorporated in the Atlantic by Davis, whether by specification or because Davis wanted them is unclear. The locomotives he delivered before his death in 1835 were the first commercially feasible, sufficiently efficient coal burning steam locomotives produced domestically in the United States and placed into traction service. One of his engines, the John Quincy Adams, built in 1835, is the oldest existing American built locomotive. It is located at Carillon Historical Park in Dayton, Ohio.
Ox teams were used to convey the engine to Baltimore, where it made a successful inaugural trip to Ellicott's Mills, Maryland, a distance of thirteen miles (21 km). Nicknamed the 'Grasshopper' for its distinctive horizontal beam and long connecting rods, the locomotive carried 50 psi (345 kPa; 3.45 bar) of steam and burned one short ton (0.91 t; 0.89 long tons) of anthracite coal on a 40-mile (64 km) trip from Baltimore. Satisfied with this locomotive's operations, the B&O built 20 more locomotives of a similar design at its Mt. Clare shops in Baltimore. Despite this success, the Atlantic prototype engine was scrapped in 1835 after the death of Phineas Davis. The reason was unclear.

## The Atlantic replica

In 1892, four surviving similar Grasshopper engines were reconditioned for display. These locomotives, first built in 1836, were second generation Grasshoppers that had survived as shop switchers at the B&O's Mt. Clare shops. Major J. G. Pangborn took the No. 7 Andrew Jackson, built in 1836 by Ross Winans and George Gillingham, and rebuilt it to resemble the 1832 Atlantic, as a heritage showpiece. The side rods and cab on No. 7 were removed, but the larger boiler and cylinders remain. The former Andrew Jackson was first exhibited at the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago, Illinois, operated for the B&O 1927 Centenary Pageant "Fair of the Iron Horse", and then exhibited again at the 1939 New York World's Fair, and finally in 1948-49 at the Chicago Railroad Fair as part of the latter fair's "Wheels A-Rolling" pageant. It was later placed on display in the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Museum, where it currently remains.
# Ace Herman

Leonard Wood Herman (1913–1971), known professionally as Ace Herman, was an American film editor and producer.
At the age of 18 he entered the theatrical business, managing movie-theater circuits in Iowa and Nebraska for five years. He then joined Universal Pictures, starting in the studio mail room. He advanced to casting, then projectionist, then the film library. There he went through the vaults for old action footage that could be inserted into the Universal serials. In 1943 he became a full-fledged editor for the serial unit.
Universal downsized its production departments, and in 1945 Ace Herman moved to Monogram Pictures where he worked mostly on series films (Charlie Chan mysteries, Freddie Stewart musicals, Roddy McDowall outdoor adventures, and Kirby Grant mounted police stories). He also served as associate producer on both the McDowall and the Grant films. Herman also worked on the TV series The Adventures of Wild Bill Hickok.
He left the studio in 1955 and worked as a freelance editor until 1966. He died in 1971.

## Selected filmography

* Jungle Queen (1945, serial)
* The Master Key (1945, serial)
* Moon Over Montana (1946)
* Ginger (1946)
* Louisiana (1947)
* French Leave (1948)
* Docks of New Orleans (1948)
* Trail of the Yukon (1949)
* Yellow Fin (1951)
* Northwest Territory (1951)
* Desert Pursuit (1952)
* Northern Patrol (1953)
* Tangier Incident (1953)
* Jack Slade (1953)
* Trail Blazers (1953)
* Yukon Vengeance (1954)
* New Faces (1954)
* Las Vegas Shakedown (1955)
* Toughest Man Alive (1955)
# Berlin Mills Railway 7

Berlin Mills Railway 7 is a 2-4-2ST steam locomotive at Steamtown National Historic Site in Scranton, Pennsylvania. It was built in 1911 by the Vulcan Iron Works for the Berlin Mills Railway, an industrial line in Berlin, New Hampshire. Number 7 worked there as a switcher until November 1944, when it was sold to the Groveton Papers Company of Groveton, New Hampshire. In 1956, it was finally replaced by a diesel locomotive, ending 45 years of use. After a few years of idleness, though, the locomotive was leased to the Woodsville, Blackmount and Haverhill Steam Railroad, a new tourist railroad near Haverhill. It operated as the only locomotive for this company until it folded after 1963. It was ultimately donated to Steamtown by the Groveton Paper Company in 1969.
# Ruslan Zaparanyuk

Ruslan Vasylovych Zaparanyuk (Ukrainian: Руслан Васильович Запаранюк; born in 1974), is a Ukrainian politician who is currently the governor of Chernivtsi Oblast since 11 July 2022.

## Biography

Ruslan Zaparanyuk was born in 1974. In 1997, he graduated from Chernivtsi University with a specialty of "physicist, teacher". In 2003, he studied at the Chernivtsi Institute of Trade and Economics of the Kyiv National University of Trade and Economics with a specialty of "accounting and auditing economist".
He worked in various positions in the financial sector of the Chernivtsi Oblast. From July 2014 to July 2022, he was the head of the branch of the Chernivtsi regional administration of State Savings Bank of Ukraine JSC.
He is the founder of the public organization "Bukovynsky oberig", which worked in the field of law. In 2020, he ran for the Chernivtsi Oblast Council from the United Alternative party.
On 11 July 2022, Zaparanyuk became the Governor of Chernivtsi Oblast.
# Brookville BL12CG

The Brookville BL12CG is a 4-axle diesel-electric locomotive built by the Brookville Equipment Corporation. The locomotive is designed to meet Tier 4 emissions standards. The first two were delivered to the Central California Traction Company in April 2015.
# Brookville BL20GH

The Brookville BL20GH is a diesel-electric locomotive built by the Brookville Equipment Corporation. The locomotive is designed for both freight and passenger service. Brookville built 12 in 2008 for the Metro-North Railroad. The Staten Island Railway operates four nearly identical BL20G locomotives, built by Brookville in December 2008, in work service.

## Design

The BL20GH is a low emissions locomotive. Originally equipped with a V12 MTU-Detroit Diesel 12V4000 engine rated at 2,250 horsepower (1,680 kW), rebuilt units now feature a Cummins QSK50 prime mover rated at 2,130 horsepower (1,590 kW). It has a separate Caterpillar engine for head end power, allowing the locomotive to be used in passenger service for branch line shuttle trains. The Metro-North locomotives are equipped with Automatic train control (ATC).

### BL20G

The BL20G is a nearly identical locomotive that operates on the Staten Island Railway. Four were built by Brookville Corporation in December 2008. Numbered 776–779, these locomotives lack the head-end power generator and the associated ventilation grates of the BL20GH, and thus they are only used in work train service unless performing a rescue of their R44 EMU's.

## History

Brookville built a single demonstrator for the Connecticut Department of Transportation (CDOT); CDOT and the Metro-North combined to order eleven more in 2008, for a total of twelve locomotives. CDOT owns six of the locomotives, which it originally painted in its "McGinnis" paint scheme, named after former New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad president Patrick B. McGinnis. This scheme consisted of a black nose, with a white stripe and an orange rear, with white New-Haven lettering overlapping the orange rear. The first public run of the BL20GH occurred on June 9, 2008.
These locomotives are used in branch service on the Metro-North Railroad, including the Danbury Branch and Waterbury Branch. They are used on shuttle trains operating on routes where there is no third rail (such as the Upper Harlem Line, between Southeast and Wassaic stations.) They lack third-rail shoes and thus rarely operate into Grand Central Terminal.
The BL20GH locomotives began a rebuild program by MotivePower in 2019. The rebuilt units, designated as BL20GHM, are equipped with Cummins QSK50 prime movers, which are compliant with Tier 3 of the Environmental Protection Agency's standards for locomotive emissions. All units owned by ConnDOT were repainted into a paint scheme similar to the ones used on its CT Rail services.
# Rolfe Kent

Rolfe R. Kent (born 18 April 1963) is an English film score composer.

## Biography

Kent was born in St Albans, Hertfordshire, England. He attended St Albans School, worked at Balrossie School in Renfrewshire, Scotland, then graduated in psychology (BSc) from the University of Leeds in 1986. 1986-1988 he taught psychology at Leeds Polytechnic (now Leeds Beckett University) before moving to London to concentrate on film scoring.
Kent resides in Los Angeles. He was nominated for a Golden Globe Award in the "Best Original Score" category for Sideways. He also composed the music for the movies Slums of Beverly Hills, The Men Who Stare at Goats, Killers, Wedding Crashers, Legally Blonde, About Schmidt, Freaky Friday, Mean Girls, Election, Town & Country, Kate & Leopold, The Matador, 17 Again, Reign Over Me, Thank You for Smoking, The Hunting Party, The Lucky Ones, Gun Shy, Happy Campers, Ghosts of Girlfriends Past, Just Like Heaven, Gambit, Dom Hemingway, Magic Camp, Up in the Air and Rock Dog. In addition, he composed the theme song to the Showtime Original Series Dexter, for which he was nominated for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Main Title Theme Music. In 2013, he scored Jason Reitman's Labor Day, Nicolas Bary's Au bonheur des ogres, and Jason Bateman's directorial debut Bad Words. He scored the 2017 film Downsizing by Alexander Payne.
In 2015, the Dallas Chamber Symphony commissioned Kent to write an original film score for Bumping into Broadway starring Harold Lloyd. The score premiered live to film in concert on 18 February 2015 at Moody Performance Hall with Richard McKay conducting.
# Canadian National 3377

Canadian National 3377 is a preserved class "S-1-d" 2-8-2 "Mikado" type steam locomotive currently on display at the Steamtown National Historic Site in Scranton, Pennsylvania.

## History

Canadian National 3377 was built in 1919 by the Canadian Locomotive Company for the Canadian Government Railways where it was numbered 2977. It was later renumbered to 3377 and would spend the rest of its career operating on the Canadian National Railway. It was eventually retired from revenue service in 1961.
The locomotive was sold to the Edaville Railroad in September 1961, and then was later moved to Bellows Falls, Vermont and became part of the Steamtown, U.S.A. collection. No. 3377 was the target of copper thieves during its trip to Steamtown; it was never repaired and has been cannibalized for parts for Steamtown's operating Canadian National 2-8-2, No. 3254, including the tender, which helped replace 3254's original tender that was scrapped in 2010 due to rust leaks.
As of 2024, the locomotive sits on static display south of the Steamtown shops. Despite its use as a parts source, Steamtown has stated that No. 3377 will possibly be the next candidate for restoration to operating condition, once the restoration of Boston and Maine 3713 is completed, due to sister locomotive No. 3254's poor condition.
# Chesapeake and Ohio 2755

Chesapeake & Ohio Railway 2755 is a preserved class "K-4" 2-8-4 "Kanawha" "(Berkshire) type steam locomotive built in 1947 by the Lima Locomotive Works for the Chesapeake and Ohio Railway (C&O) It is the 56th of ninety built by ALCO (which built seventy) and Lima (which built the remaining twenty, including 2755) between 1943 and 1947.
A Berkshire type was the first of the Lima Super Power locomotives in 1925 and these followed in that tradition, with all the latest equipment -- Schmidt superheater, Elesco feedwater heater, booster on the trailing truck, roller bearings, and so forth. They carried Baker valve gear, whereas the C&O preferred to the simpler and much more widely used Walschaerts valve gear.
It spent its nine-year working life hauling coal on the various mine branches out of Logan, West Virginia, usually to the Ohio River at Russell, Kentucky. Its last known run was from Handley, West Virginia, to Russell on January 18, 1956.
After refurbishing at the Huntington, West Virginia, shops in the fall of 1960, it was delivered to its present location in Chief Logan State Park in March 1961. It was seriously vandalized in the late 1970s or early 1980s, with the glass broken and gauges stolen or destroyed. It has been repaired and fenced for protection. The Island Creek Model Railroad Club acts as curators.
The locomotive was added to the National Register of Historic Places on September 28, 2006 as Chesapeake and Ohio 2755 Steam Locomotive.
# IROC XXVI

IROC XXVI was the 26th season of the True Value International Race of Champions, which began on Friday, February 15, 2002 at Daytona International Speedway. The roster included 12 drivers from five separate racing leagues. The first race saw Tony Stewart earn his second IROC win. Rookie Kevin Harvick won in only his second start in race 2 at California. In the first ever IROC race at Chicagoland, Buddy Lazier, Al Unser Jr., and Hélio Castroneves gave the IRL a sweep of the top three positions in the race. In race 4 at Indianapolis, Dale Jarrett took the lead in turn one of the first lap and led the entire race for his second career IROC victory. Kevin Harvick became just the sixth driver to win the IROC title in his first season of competition, and also became the first driver to win the title while representing the NASCAR Busch Series.
The roster of drivers and final points standings were as follows:
| Position | Driver | Points | Series |
| 1 | Kevin Harvick | 54 | NASCAR Winston Cup |
| 2 | Buddy Lazier | 49 | Indy Racing League |
| 3 | Dale Jarrett | 49 | NASCAR Winston Cup |
| 4 | Hélio Castroneves | 43 | Indy Racing League |
| 5 | Bobby Labonte | 43 | NASCAR Winston Cup |
| 6 | Tony Stewart | 42 | NASCAR Winston Cup |
| 7 | Al Unser Jr. | 39 | Indy Racing League |
| 8 | Jack Sprague | 36 | NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series |
| 9 | Scott Sharp | 36 | Indy Racing League |
| 10 | Sterling Marlin | 35 | NASCAR Winston Cup |
| 11 | Sam Hornish Jr. | 35 | Indy Racing League |
| 12 | Danny Lasoski | 30 | World of Outlaws |

## Race One (Daytona International Speedway)

* Tony Stewart
* Sam Hornish Jr.
* Scott Sharp
* Jack Sprague
* Al Unser Jr.
* Danny Lasoski
* Bobby Labonte
* Sterling Marlin
* Kevin Harvick
* Buddy Lazier
* Hélio Castroneves
* Dale Jarrett

## Race Two (California Speedway)

* Kevin Harvick
* Bobby Labonte
* Dale Jarrett
* Sterling Marlin
* Jack Sprague
* Tony Stewart
* Hélio Castroneves
* Al Unser Jr.
* Buddy Lazier
* Scott Sharp
* Sam Hornish Jr.
* Danny Lasoski

## Race Three (Chicagoland Speedway)

* Buddy Lazier
* Al Unser Jr.
* Hélio Castroneves
* Kevin Harvick
* Scott Sharp
* Sam Hornish Jr.
* Sterling Marlin
* Bobby Labonte
* Dale Jarrett
* Jack Sprague
* Danny Lasoski
* Tony Stewart

## Race Four (Indianapolis Motor Speedway)

* Dale Jarrett
* Hélio Castroneves
* Ken Schrader
* Buddy Lazier
* Kevin Harvick
* Jack Sprague
* Sterling Marlin
* Scott Sharp
* Bobby Labonte
* Sam Hornish Jr.
* Tony Stewart
# Richard Nguema

Richard Nguema Balboa (born 7 February 1988) is a professional basketball player who plays as a point guard and shooting guard. Born and raised in Spain to Equatorial Guinean parents, he represented Spain and Equatorial Guinea at youth and senior levels, respectively.

## Profile and personal life

Nguema is a talented player with great athletic skills, very good defender and great penetrator inside.
He was born in Madrid, Spain to Equatorial Guinean parents - his father being a diplomat. As a result, he has dual citizenship with Spain and Equatorial Guinea. His maternal side, the Balboa, is of distant Cuban descent.
He has a cousin on his mother's side, Javier Balboa, who is a professional footballer, Equatorial Guinea's international player, also born in Madrid.

## Professional career

Nguema has played with several different Spanish clubs in the past, most notably starting his career with Real Madrid, where he obtained the 2006–07 ULEB Cup and the 2006–07 ACB season. Later, he played for CB Estudiantes, Obradoiro CAB and Cáceres Ciudad del Baloncesto.
He also played in Equatorial Guinea, the original country of his family, for Malabo Kings and The Panthers, and in 2017 he played for Cañeros del Este of Dominican top division Liga Nacional de Baloncesto.

## National team career

Nguema has competed for Spain through multiple junior national teams, and helped the team win the bronze medal at the 2006 FIBA Europe Under-18 Championship.
He also participated at the 2007 FIBA Under-19 World Championship.

## Trophies and awards
### Real Madrid

* 2006–07 ULEB Cup: Champion
* 2006–07 ACB season: Champion

### Obradoiro CAB

* 2010-11 LEB Oro: Champion
* 2010-11 Prince Cup: Champion

### Spanish national team

* 2006 FIBA Europe Under-18 Championship: Bronze
# Hugh III, Viscount of Châteaudun

Hugues III (died 1044), Viscount of Châteaudun and Count of Perche (as Hugues I), son of Geoffrey II, Viscount of Châteaudun, I Count of Perche and Helvise de Corbon, daughter of Rainard, Lord of Pithiviers. Virtually nothing is known about his life other than some references of donations to the Abbey of Saint-Denis de Nogent.
Hugues married Adela, from an unknown family, and had no known children. He was succeeded by his brother Rotrou.

## Sources

* Settipani, Christian, Les vicomtes de Châteaudun et leurs alliés, dans Onomastique et Parenté dans l'Occident médiéval, Oxford, Linacre, Unit for Prosopographical Research, 2000
# National Democratic Party (Georgia)

The National Democratic Party (Georgian: ეროვნულ-დემოკრატიული პარტია, romanized: erovnul-demok'rat'iuli p'art'ia) is a political party in Georgia. It was established in 1988 by Giorgi Chanturia as a radical splinter group of the Ilia Chavchavadze Society. Although another party with the same name also existed earlier among the Georgian intelligentsia and in the Democratic Republic of Georgia from 1917 to 1924, this group was independent of that.
During the 2012 elections, the party won 3,050 votes – 0.14% of the national total. Recently the party joined the Strength is in Unity–United Opposition coalition before the 2018 presidential election.
In 2023, the party halted its cooperation with the Strength Is in Unity coalition after endorsing the ruling party's preferred candidates to Georgia's High Council of Justice.
# Union Bank

Union Bank or Unionbank may refer to:
* Unionbank (Austria), an Austrian bank active created in 1870, merged into Allgemeine Bodencreditanstalt in 1927
* Union Bank (Albania)
* Union Bank of Australia, became part of Australia and New Zealand Banking Group
* Union Bank Limited (Bangladesh)
* Union Bank of California, now named MUFG Union Bank
* Union Bank of Halifax, Nova Scotia
* Union Bank of Hong Kong, now named Industrial and Commercial Bank of China (Asia)
* Union Bank of India
* Union Bank of Israel
* Union Bank (Jordan), a bank in the Arab world
* Union Bank of London, later National Provincial Bank
* Union Bank (Morrisville, Vermont)
* Union Bank of New London, earliest predecessor of failed Bank of New England (Massachusetts)
* Union Bank of Nigeria
* Union Bank of Norway, branded as Sparebanken NOR
* Unionbank (Philippines), a Philippine bank created in 1968
* Union Bank (Pakistan)
* Union Bank (Pembrokeshire), England
* Union Bank of Scotland, now part of Bank of Scotland
* Union Bank of Switzerland
* Union Bank (Tallahassee, Florida)
* Union Bank of Taiwan
* Union Bank & Trust Company of Nebraska
* Unionbank or MKB Unionbank, a Bulgarian bank from 1996 to 2014
* MUFG Union Bank, mainly operating on U.S. west coast
# 2021 Israel wildfires

The 2021 Israel wildfires were multiple wildfires that happened in the vicinity of Jerusalem.

## Timeline

On 16 August 2021, a large wildfire outside Jerusalem has begun to spread again as the wind picks up, leading police to evacuate some residents of Sho'eva as the blaze nears the community. The Israeli Defense Forces dispatched several transport helicopters to assist in the evacuation of Giv'at Ye'arim due to the massive forest fire raging outside Jerusalem. Israel Fire and Rescue Services chief Dedi Simchi said that the massive forest fire outside Jerusalem was on the same scale as the 2010 Mount Carmel fire. During the night, the Fire and Rescue Services chief Didi Simchi had deployed large force to protect Jerusalen’s Hadassah Hospital.

## Reactions

The Prime Minister Naftali Bennett gave the go-ahead for Israel to consider seeking international assistance to help battle a large wildfire raging outside Jerusalem.
The Foreign Ministry Yair Lapid requested assistance from Greece, Cyprus, Italy, France, and other regional countries for help in fighting a massive forest fire outside Jerusalem.
On 16 August 2021, Foreign Minister Yair Lapid spoke with his Greek counterpart, Nikos Dendias, asked him to send firefighting planes, Dendias said Greece would help as much as it can, and with his Cypriot counterpart, Nikos Christodoulides, who says Cyprus is prepared send firefighting planes to help battle a large forest fire outside Jerusalem.
# Séra Martin

Séraphin "Séra" Martin (2 July 1906 – 23 April 1993) was a French middle-distance runner who set world records in the 800 metres and 1000 metres. He competed at the 1928 and 1932 Olympics and placed sixth and eighth in the 800 metres, respectively.

## Career

Martin set a world record at 1000 metres in 1926, running 2:26.8 to break Sven Lundgren's old record of 2:28.6. Two weeks before the 1928 Summer Olympics, Martin ran 800 metres in 1:50.6, breaking Otto Peltzer's world record by a full second. This established him as one of the favourites for the Olympics in Amsterdam. He did make the Olympic final, but was never a major factor in the race and finished sixth in a time of 1:54.6, clearly slower than the 1:53.0 he ran in the semi-finals.
Martin finished second behind Tommy Hampson in the 880 yards event at the 1930 AAA Championships.
He returned to the Olympics in 1932, placing eighth with a time of 1:53.6. Martin was one of the pacemakers when Jules Ladoumègue set his world record at 1500 metres.
# Lhasa North and South Mountain Greening Project

The Lhasa North and South Mountain Greening Project (Chinese: 拉萨南北山绿化工程) is the first large-scale mountain afforestation ecological restoration project in Tibet.

## History

The project is planned to take 10 years to complete the greening of an area of 2,067,200 Mu (~1,378 km²) of land, striving to make Lhasa an ecologically pleasant and livable capital city of the plateau. The project stretches nearly 200 kilometers, involving Lhasa City, Liuwu, Doilungdêqên, Dagzê, Qüxü, Maizhokunggar, Lhünzhub and Shannan, Nagarzê, Gonggar and other 9 counties (districts) and 35 townships. In 2022, Tibet officially issued the Overall Plan for the Greening Project of Lhasa's North and South Mountains (2021-2030). The project planning period is 10 years (2021-2030), divided into two phases of implementation. The 2021-2025 for the near future, plans to complete the creation of 959,100 Mu (~639 km²) of forests; the 2026-2030 for the long term, plans to complete the creation of 1,108,100 Mu (~738 km²) of forests. In June 2024, nearly 400,000 (266 km²) Mu of forestation had been completed in Tibet.