# Hampshire County Council

Hampshire County Council (HCC) is the upper-tier local authority for the non-metropolitan county of Hampshire in England. The council was created in 1889. The county council provides county-level services to eleven of the thirteen districts geographically located within the ceremonial county of Hampshire. The county council acts as the upper tier of local government to approximately 1.4 million people. It is one of 21 county councils in England.
Whilst they form part of the ceremonial county of Hampshire, the two cities of Southampton and Portsmouth are unitary authorities, independent from Hampshire County Council. The county council comprises 78 elected councillors, who meet in the city of Winchester, which is the county town.
Since 1997, the council has been controlled by the Conservatives.

## History

Elected county councils were created in 1889 under the Local Government Act 1888, taking over many administrative functions that had previously been performed by unelected magistrates at the Quarter Sessions. The boroughs of Portsmouth and Southampton were both considered large enough to provide their own county-level services, so they became county boroughs, independent from the county council. The county council was elected by and provided services to the remainder of the county outside those two boroughs, which area was termed the administrative county.
The first elections were held in January 1889, and the council formally came into being on 1 April 1889, on which day it held its first official meeting at Winchester Castle. George Sclater-Booth, Lord Basing, a Conservative peer and former Member of Parliament, was appointed the first chairman of the council.
The Isle of Wight was covered by Hampshire County Council when it was created in 1889, but soon after it was decided that the island should have its own county council, and so it was made a separate administrative county with effect from 1 April 1890. Bournemouth was made a county borough in 1900, removing it from the administrative county of Hampshire.
The council's legal name until 1959 was the "County Council of the County of Southampton", although the name "Hampshire County Council" was used informally from the council's creation in 1889. The name was officially changed to Hampshire County Council with effect from 1 April 1959.
Local government was reformed in 1974 under the Local Government Act 1972, which made Hampshire a non-metropolitan county. As part of the 1974 reforms it ceded an area in the south-west of the county including Christchurch to Dorset, but the county council gained authority over Portsmouth and Southampton. The lower tier of local government was rearranged at the same time, with the county being divided into thirteen non-metropolitan districts.
The council was granted a coat of arms in 1992.
In 1997 Portsmouth and Southampton regained their independence from the county council when they were made unitary authorities following a review by Local Government Commission for England. They remain part of the ceremonial county of Hampshire for the purposes of lieutenancy. In 2015 the Hampshire and Isle of Wight Local Government Association unanimously agreed to support a 'pan-Hampshire' combined authority, but the bid was eventually unsuccessful.
In November 2022, the county council warned it may face bankruptcy within 12 months due to austerity cuts, alongside similar warnings from Kent County Council.

## Governance

Hampshire County Council provides county-level services. District-level services are provided by the area's eleven district councils.
The ceremonial county is divided into thirteen districts, with the county council having responsibility for the eleven districts excluding the two unitary authorities of Portsmouth and Southampton, which area is formally called the non-metropolitan county.
* Test Valley
* Basingstoke and Deane
* Hart
* Rushmoor
* Winchester
* East Hampshire
* New Forest
* Southampton (unitary)
* Eastleigh
* Fareham
* Gosport
* Portsmouth (unitary)
* Havant

### Political control

The council has been under Conservative majority control since 1997.
Political control of the council since the 1974 reforms has been as follows:
| Party in control | Years |
| No overall control | 1974–1977 |
| Conservative | 1977–1985 |
| No overall control | 1985–1989 |
| Conservative | 1989–1993 |
| No overall control | 1993–1997 |
| Conservative | 1997–present |

### Leadership

The leaders of the council since 1976 have been:
| Councillor | Party | From | To |
| Freddie Emery-Wallis | Conservative | 1976 | 1993 |
| Mike Hancock | Liberal Democrats | 1993 | 1997 |
| Freddie Emery-Wallis | Conservative | 1997 | 1999 |
| Ken Thornber | Conservative | 1999 | May 2013 |
| Roy Perry | Conservative | 23 May 2013 | 17 May 2019 |
| Keith Mans | Conservative | 17 May 2019 | 19 May 2022 |
| Rob Humby | Conservative | 19 May 2022 | 23 May 2024 |
| Nick Adams-King | Conservative | 23 May 2024 | |

### Composition

Following the 2021 election and changes of allegiance and by-elections up to December 2024, the composition of the council was:
| Party | Party | Councillors |
| | Conservative | 51 |
| | Liberal Democrats | 19 |
| | Independent | 3 |
| | Labour | 3 |
| | Green | 1 |
| | Whitehill and Bordon Community Party | 1 |
| Total | Total | 78 |
Two of the independent councillors and the Whitehill and Bordon Community Party councillor sit together as the "Independent Group". The other independent councillor does not belong to any group. The next election is due in 2025.

## Premises

The council's main offices and meeting place are at Winchester Castle, parts of which date back to 1067. The council's part of the castle complex is known as Castle Hill and comprises more recent buildings added to the historic castle site, notably in 1895, 1912 and 1933. The council also has area offices in Basingstoke, Farnborough, Havant and Totton.

## Elections

Since the last boundary changes in 2017 the council has comprised 78 councillors, representing 76 electoral divisions, with two divisions electing two councillors and the rest electing one each. Elections are held every four years. In February 2025, the government postponed the elections that were due to take place in May 2025 for a year, to allow for alternative local government structures for the area to be considered.

## Notable members

* Henry Paulet, 16th Marquess of Winchester, Chairman 1904–1909
* James Harris, 5th Earl of Malmesbury, Chairman 1927–1937
* Sir Charles Chute, Baronet, Chairman 1938–1955
* Sir John Crowder, member 1931–1946
* Francis Manners, 4th Baron Manners
* Horace King, Baron Maybray-King, member 1946–1965
* John Denham, member 1981–1989, later a member of parliament
* Mike Hancock, Leader 1989–1997, later a member of parliament
* Henry Herbert, 7th Earl of Carnarvon, Chairman 1973–1977
* Alexander Baring, 6th Baron Ashburton, member 1945–1972
* Roy Perry, Leader 2013–2019
* Percivall Pott, elected member, 1949, later member of parliament for Devizes in Wiltshire