OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# New materialism

New materialism is a term which refers to several theoretical perspectives within contemporary philosophy that attempt to rework the conventional ontological understanding of the material world. While many philosophical tendencies are associated with new materialism, in such a way that the movement resists a single definition, its common characteristics include a rejection of essentialism, representationalism, and anthropocentrism as well as the dualistic boundaries between nature/culture; subject/object; and human/non-human. Instead, new materialists emphasize how fixed entities and apparently closed systems are produced through dynamic relations and processes, considering the distribution of agency through the interaction of heterogeneous forces. The movement has influenced a wide variety of new articulations between intellectual currents in science and philosophy, in fields such as science and technology studies, as well as systems science.

## Origin

The term was independently coined by Manuel DeLanda and Rosi Braidotti during the second half of the 1990s to identify an emerging body of interdisciplinary theory that sought to overcome the post-structuralist emphasis on discourse, while drawing on the work of Gilles Deleuze, Félix Guattari, and Gilbert Simondon in seeking to establish a materialist ontology that prioritizes processes of individuation.

## Reception

New materialism has been well-received by some individuals in a wide range of disciplines in contemporary academia, from environmental studies to philosophy. Frequently referenced works include Karen Barad's Meeting the Universe Halfway and Jane Bennett's Vibrant Matter. New Materialists emphasise how Cartesian binaries around human and nature have caused many issues in the world by ignoring social complexity. New materialism has been championed for its more integrated approach that considers material and immaterial, biological, and social aspects as interconnected processes rather than distinct entities.

## Criticism

Ecologist Andreas Malm has called New Materialism 'idealism of the most useless sort', stating that the approach has little use for climate action or changing our relationship with nature, since it denies distinctions between humanity and nature. Malm argues that this supports the status quo rather than challenging it. He also expresses frustration with the writing style of many New Materialists, claiming that they resist distinctions between things, making their writing impenetrable.

## Associated theorists

* Karen Barad
* Jane Bennett
* Rosi Braidotti
* Donna Haraway
* Isabelle Stengers
* Rick Dolphijn
* Manuel DeLanda
* Catherine Malabou
* Quentin Meillassoux
* Bruno Latour
* Arturo Escobar
* Levi Bryant
* Drew M. Dalton
* Thomas Nail
* Tim Ingold
# Míriam Nogueras

Míriam Nogueras i Camero (Catalan pronunciation:; born 11 May 1980) is a Spanish businesswoman and politician from Catalonia who serves as Member of the Congress of Deputies of Spain.

## Early life

Nogueras was born on 11 May 1980 in Dosrius, Catalonia. She is currently studying for a post graduate degree in digital marketing and electronic commerce.

## Career

Nogueras is a co-owner of a textile company specialising in spinning. She is an executive committee member of the Catalan Business Circle (Cercle Català de Negocis) and a board member of ASECIEMA (textile business association) and MODACC (textile fashion cluster).
Nogueras contested the 2015 local elections as a Convergence and Union (CiU) electoral alliance candidate in Cardedeu and was elected. She contested the 2015 general election as a Democracy and Freedom (DiL) electoral alliance candidate in the Province of Barcelona and was elected to the Congress of Deputies. She was re-elected at the 2016 and 2019 general elections. In July 2018 she was elected vice-president of the Catalan European Democratic Party (PDeCAT).
In May 2018 Nogueras won the nomination to be the Together for Catalonia (JuntsxCat)'s mayoral candidate in Mataró at the 2019 local elections. However, at the 2019 local elections Nogueras was placed 27th on the JxCat's list of candidates in Mataró but the alliance only managed to win two seats in the municipality and as a result she failed to get elected. In July 2020 she left the executive of the PDeCAT.
Nogueras is part of the "No vull pagar" anti-toll campaign.

## Positions

Close to the positions of Carles Puigdemont and Quim Torra and a staunch supporter of Catalan independence, she considers Spain to be a "rotten manure heap".

## Electoral history

Electoral history of Míriam Nogueras :
| Election | Constituency | Party | Alliance | No. | Result |
| 2015 local | Cardedeu | Independent | Convergence and Union | 2 | Elected |
| 2015 general | Province of Barcelona | Independent | Democracy and Freedom | 4 | Elected |
| 2016 general | Province of Barcelona | Independent | Democratic Convergence of Catalonia | 4 | Elected |
| 2019 general | Province of Barcelona | Catalan European Democratic Party | Together for Catalonia | 3 | Elected |
| 2019 local | Mataró | Catalan European Democratic Party | Together for Catalonia | 27 | Not elected |
| 2023 general | Province of Barcelona | Together for Catalonia | None | 1 | Elected |

## Personal life

Nogueras has two children.
# Roman Catholic Diocese of Wote

The Roman Catholic Diocese of Wote (Latin: Dioecesis Votensis) is a diocese of the Roman Catholic Church in Kenya.

## History

On 22 July 2023 the diocese was established from the diocesan territories of Machakos and was made a suffragan diocese of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Nairobi.
# Walt Rankin

Walter Velpo Rankin (January 28, 1919 – November 7, 1993) was a professional football player in the National Football League (NFL). He played running back for five seasons for the Chicago Cardinals. During World War II, Rankin served in the United States Military. His name is located on the World War II Honor Roll, which shows NFL players who also fought in the war, at the Pro Football Hall of Fame. During the war, however, Rankin also played for "Card-Pitt" a team that was a temporary merger of the Cardinals and Pittsburgh Steelers. The teams merged due to the manning shortages associated with the war.
# 2015 in Ukraine

The following lists events that happened during 2015 in Ukraine.

## Incumbents

* President: Petro Poroshenko
* Prime Minister: Arseniy Yatsenyuk

## Events
### January

* January 3 - An image of a BPM-97 apparently inside Ukraine, in Luhansk, appeared to deliver further evidence of Russian military vehicles inside Ukraine.
* January 6 - A military truck collides with a bus carrying members of the National Guard of Ukraine killing 12 soldiers and injuring 20 others.
* January 13 - A passenger bus is fired upon by rebels at a check point in eastern Ukraine. At least ten civilians were killed and many others injured.
* January 22 - An explosion on a civilian bus in the city of Donetsk kills thirteen people. Separatists and pro-government forces blame each other for the incident.
* January 24 - An attack on an open-air market in Mariupol, Ukraine leaves at least 27 people killed and more than 90 injured. The pro-Russian rebel leader, Alexander Zakharchenko, announces an offensive on Mariupol.

### February

* February 7 - The leaders of France, Germany and Russia agree to work on a peace plan to be put to the President of Ukraine Petro Poroshenko on February 8.
* February 9 - An artillery shell causes a massive explosion at a chemical plant in Donetsk.
* February 10 - Fighting kills fifteen people and leaves 60 injured as missiles hit Ukraine's military headquarters in the city of Kramatorsk.
* February 13 - Ahead of the February 15 start of the agreed ceasefire, fighting in the past 24 hours kills eight Armed Forces of Ukraine service personnel.
* February 14 - Ukrainian President Petro Poroshenko warns of a threat to a planned ceasefire tonight from heavy fighting today and accuses Russia of "significantly increasing" its offensive. In a live interview he ordered all Ukrainian forces to cease fire after midnight.
* February 16
** During the ceasefire, fighting kills at least five Ukrainian Army soldiers with 22 injured.
** The Minister of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine Pavlo Klimkin claims that pro-Russian forces have fired on Ukrainian forces over 100 times in the past day. Separatists accuse Ukrainian troops of having violated the ceasefire.
* February 17 - The office of the President of Ukraine calls on the European Union and NATO to condemn the Russian backed rebels after the rebels conquered most of the town of Debaltseve and encircled 10,000 Ukrainian troops in the area. Rebel government officials claimed the town was not part of the recently established ceasefire.
* February 21 - Currency value temporarily falls in face of military threats.

### March

* March 4 - At least 17 miners die in a suspected gas explosion at the Zasyadko coal mine in rebel-held eastern Ukraine.

### August
## Deaths

* May 23 - Aleksey Mozgovoy, rebel commander (assassinated)
# Stoddard County Courthouse

Stoddard County Courthouse is a historic courthouse located at Bloomfield, Stoddard County, Missouri. It was built between 1867 and 1870, as a two-story, brick building on a concrete foundation. It was enlarged and remodeled in 1909 in the Classical Revival style. It has a hipped cross-gable roof topped by a massive clock tower or cupola.$^{:2}$
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984.
# Tishomingo

Tishomingo (from Chickasaw: Tishominko', lit. 'assistant chief') (c. 1758 – c. 1837) was an early 19th-century Chickasaw leader and the namesake of Tishomingo County, Mississippi.

## Early life and military service

Tishomingo was born around 1758 in the Chickasaw Nation (present-day Mississippi). He served with United States Army Major-General Anthony Wayne against the Shawnee in Northwest Territory and received a silver medal from President George Washington. He led by example and was respected for his honesty and high moral standards, serving with distinction at Fallen Timbers and the Red Stick War with the Creeks. During the War of 1812, he served under Major-General Andrew Jackson.

## Later life and the "Trail of Tears"

After the War of 1812, Tishomingo retired to his farm until white settlers came onto his land. He traveled to Philadelphia and Washington, D.C., and was a principal signatory of the treaties of 1816 and 1818 as well as the 1832 Treaty of Pontotoc. In 1837, a final treaty forced him and his family to relocate to Indian Territory.
Chief Tishomingo was reported to have had a kidney stone operation March 25, 1821, in Columbus, Mississippi performed by Dr. Henderson and Dr. Barry. The article stated, "...the patient is supposed to be in his 63d year..." This would place his birth approximately in the year 1758.

## Death

According to Tishomingo's son Richard, Tishomingo died around 1837 on Brushy Creek in the Choctaw Nation on the same day as his wife U-Kuth-Le-Ya died. This was during the time both Chickasaw and Choctaw tribes resided together in Indian Territory. Both he and his wife's burials were witnessed by two Chickasaw Warriors who had served with Tishomingo in the War of 1812. They gave their testimony attesting to the facts of the couple's deaths to the Indian Agent, Douglas H. Cooper, on September 27, 1859, in accordance with the requirements of a Bounty Land Application of Richard.

## Honors

The county of Tishomingo, town of Tishomingo, and Tishomingo State Park in Mississippi; and the capital of Tishomingo in the Chickasaw Nation are named for him.
# Pittosporum cornifolium

Pittosporum cornifolium, known as tāwhiri karo in Māori, is a species of plant in the Pittosporaceae family. It is an epiphytic plant endemic to the North Island and the Marlborough Sounds of the South Island, New Zealand. In the wild it is considered rare and threatened, although it occurs more frequently on offshore islands in the north-east, along with P. kirkii, the only other epiphytic member of the genus. Also grows well as a ground plant and is a popular garden ornamental with two recognised cultivars.

## Description and habitat

Pittosporum cornifolium is an attractive hanging plant or shrub growing to 2m tall, with leaves which are shiny dark green, arranged in wide verticils or whorls. Reddish buds appear over the top of the verticils, producing yellow fragrant flowers usually in late winter. The fruit opens to reveal black seeds highlighted by the orange coloured pith covering the internal surface of the capsule, attracting birds. Naturally occurring plants grow with other epiphytes often in large pūriri and rātā trees, and occasionally in rock crevices.
# Baskemölla

Baskemölla is a locality situated in Simrishamn Municipality, Skåne County, Sweden with 238 inhabitants as of 2005.
Tjörnedala is an exhibition space there with frequent art shows, and a small cafe. There is also a nature trail behind this farm house, leading down to the water. Every Midsummer Day, there is a folk dance celebration on the hill behind the farm house.
# Zachary Pollari

Zachary Pollari (born October 2, 1986) is a former Canadian Football League offensive tackle for the Toronto Argonauts of the Canadian Football League. He was drafted by the Argonauts in the fourth round of the 2009 CFL Draft. Pollari was later released by the Argonauts on June 17, 2010 after a game vs the Hamilton Tiger-Cats in which he fractured his sternum. After his recovery, he competed for Canada at the IFAF World Championship In Vienna, Austria in the summer of 2011. He was selected as a 1st Team All-star at the tournament. That fall, he re-signed with the Toronto Argonauts on October 19, 2011. He was ultimately released on June 13, 2012. He played CIS football for the Western Ontario Mustangs from 2005 - 2009.
Pollari now lives in Guelph and is a teacher and coach at Centennial Collegiate Vocational Institute.
# Arnold Wylde

Arnold Lomas Wylde CBE (31 March 1880 – 6 June 1958) was an English-born Anglican bishop in Australia where he was the Anglican Bishop of Bathurst.

## Early life and education

Wylde was educated in England at Queen Elizabeth Grammar School, Wakefield, and University College, Oxford. He then spent three years at Oxford House.

## Ordained ministry

Wylde trained for ordination at Cuddesdon, and was ordained deacon in 1906 and priest in 1907. His first post was as curate at St Simon Zelotes, Bethnal Green after which he was vicar of the parish until 1921. Emigrating to Australia, he was a member of the Brotherhood of the Good Shepherd, a period he considered the happiest of his ministry. From 1923 until 1928 he was principal of the order.
Appointed a coadjutor bishop of Bathurst in 1927 he was enthroned as diocesan bishop a decade later on 23 February 1937. In 1942 a parish within his diocese led by the Rev T. C. Hammond brought an action against him for introducing The Red Book a perceived heretical text into the diocese's liturgy. He was appointed a CBE in 1957, the year before his death.
# Marcello Benvenuti

Marcello Benvenuti (born 26 April 1964) is a retired Italian high jumper.

## Biography

He became Italian high jump champion in 1989, rivalling with Luca Toso and Daniele Pagani. He also became indoor champion in 1989. His personal best jump is 2.33 metres, achieved in September 1989 in Verona. This was the Italian record.

## National records

* High jump: 2.33 m, Verona, 20 September 1989. Record held until 2 August 2015.

## National titles

Marcello Benvenuti has won 3 times the individual national championship.
* Italian Athletics Championships
** High jump: 1989
* Italian Athletics Indoor Championships
** High jump: 1989, 1992
# Roman Catholic Diocese of Radom

The Diocese of Radom (Latin: Dioecesis Radomensis) is a Latin Church diocese of the Catholic Church located in the city of Radom in the ecclesiastical province of Częstochowa in Poland.

## History

* March 25, 1992: Established as Diocese of Radom from the Diocese of Sandomierz – Radom

## Special churches

* Minor Basilicas:
** Bazylika św. Filipa Neri i św. Jana Chrzciciela kk. Filipinów (Basilica of St. Philip Neri and St. John the Baptist) in Studzianna
** Bazylika św. Kazimierza (Basilica of St. Casimir), Radom
* Cathedral of the Protection of the Blessed Virgin Mary in Radom

## Leadership

* Bishops of Radom (Roman rite)
** Bishop Edward Henryk Materski (25 March 1992 – 28 June 1999)
** Bishop Jan Chrapek, C.S.M.A. (28 June 1999 – 18 October 2001)
** Bishop Zygmunt Zimowski (28 March 2002 – 18 April 2009)
** Bishop Henryk Tomasik (16 October 2009 – 4 January 2021)
** Bishop Marek Solarczyk (appointed 4 January 2021)
* Auxiliary bishops of Radom
** Bishop Adam Odzimek
# Šárka Frančíková

Šárka Frančíková (born Marčíková 12 March 1992) is a Czech former handballer. She retired in 2022 while playing for Frisch Auf Göppingen and the Czech national team.
She participated at the 2018 European Women's Handball Championship.
# Haseley Manor, Warwickshire

Haseley Manor is a Grade II-listed English country house in Haseley, Warwickshire, England.

## Architecture

The house was built from 1875 to 1878, to designs by the architect William Young, for Alfred Hewlett, a coal merchant from Lancashire. It has walls of rock-faced stone and plain tile roofs, and is in the Gothic and Elizabethan styles, including a Gothic turret. It has been Grade II listed since January 1987, giving it legal protection from unauthorised alterations or demolition.

## Uses

In 1930, the house was acquired by the Birmingham Society for the Care of Invalid Children, and put to use as a convalescent home and hospital school for girls. It was then purchased by Birmingham Education Authority and, from 1941, became Haseley Hall Residential Open-Air School For Boys, and was used as a children's home and orphanage.
At some subsequent point it was owned by W & T Avery. By the mid-1960s, it was being used as staff college by the British Motor Corporation, and its nationalised successor, British Leyland. It was next used as a business and conference centre.
It was acquired subsequently by Spitfire Bespoke Homes who subdivided and converted it into a number of private residences, completed circa 2018, including thirteen one, two and three-bedroom apartments. An additional nine residences, including three garden villas and five terraced houses, were created in its grounds. The project architects were Lapworth Architects.
# Jack McCracken

Jack D. "Jumping Jack" McCracken (June 15, 1912 – January 5, 1958) was an American basketball player in the 1930s and 1940s.
A native of Chickasha, Oklahoma, McCracken went to Classen High School in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. He attended Northwest Missouri State Teachers College (now Northwest Missouri State University) in Maryville, Missouri and played for coach Henry Iba, who had also coached him in high school. McCracken never turned professional.
After leaving Northwest Missouri State Teachers College, he went to Denver, Colorado, to play in the AAU.
# 2003 in Ukraine

Events in the year 2003 in Ukraine.

## Incumbents

* President: Leonid Kuchma
* Prime Minister: Viktor Yanukovych

## Events

* 24 December – The Treaty Between the Russian Federation and Ukraine on Cooperation in the Use of the Sea of Azov and the Kerch Strait is signed by Ukrainian President Leonid Kuchma and Russian President Vladimir Putin.

## Deaths
### July

* July 17 - Eleonora Vinogradova, choir director, educator, and professor (b. 1931)

### Undated

* Vasyl Barka
* Oleksandr Ivanovych Bilash
* Ivan Margitych
* Liuboslav Hutsaliuk
# Mary-Kate and Ashley: Winners Circle

Mary-Kate and Ashley: Winners Circle is a 2001 video game developed for the Game Boy Color by M4 Ltd. and by Tantalus Media for the PlayStation, and published by Acclaim Entertainment.

## Gameplay

Winners Circle is a horse riding game in which the player selects and raises a horse to raise in a series of equestrian challenges. In the Game Boy Color version of the game, players select from a choice of four horses, and complete a collection of courses with obstacles under a time limit to earn ribbons and trophies in order to unlock more horses to ride and courses to complete. The PlayStation version is slightly more complex, with an 'Adventure' mode where players can freely ride their horse, train, feed and groom them, and unlock outfits through earning ribbons in races and competitions.

## Reception

Review scores :
| Publication | Score | Score |
| Publication | GBC | PS |
| AllGame | | |
| PlayStation Official Magazine – UK | | 6/10 |
| Official U.S. PlayStation Magazine | | |
Winners Circle received mixed reviews. Official UK PlayStation Magazine stated that the game was "actually entertaining, though ultimately limited and repetitive". Chris Baker of Official US PlayStation Magazine stated the game "might have some tweenagers hot to trot", but found the game had "frustrating controls".
# Vladimír Vondráček (cyclist)

Vladimír Vondráček (22 May 1949) is a Czech former cyclist. He competed in the individual road race and team time trial events at the 1976 Summer Olympics.
# Donald Rudolph

Donald Eugene Rudolph Sr. (February 21, 1921 – May 25, 2006) was an American soldier who received his country's highest military honor, the Medal of Honor, in World War II.

## Biography

He was awarded the medal while serving as a technical sergeant and acting as leader of his platoon on Luzon island in the northern Philippines; his actions took place on February 5, 1945.
While giving first aid to wounded men on the battlefield, Rudolph noticed that his unit was pinned down by Japanese gunfire from a ditch. Crawling to the ditch, using his rifle and grenades to protect himself, he then killed three enemy soldiers concealed there. He then continued to work his way across open ground to a line of pillboxes that were also firing and immobilising his company.
He threw a grenade into the firing slit in the first of the pillboxes, charged toward it and threw another grenade into the structure, killing the enemy machine gunners and silencing their fire. After ordering several riflemen to cover his advance, he proceeded to attack and neutralise seven further pillboxes in quick succession.
Later, when an enemy tank attacked his platoon, he advanced under covering fire, opened its hatch and dropped a white phosphorus grenade inside, killing the crew and negating its threat. His medal citation concludes that through "his outstanding heroism, superb courage, and leadership, and complete disregard for his own safety, [...] Rudolph cleared a path for an advance which culminated in one of the most decisive victories of the Philippine campaign.".
He was promoted to Second Lieutenant after the battle, and was presented with the medal on August 23, 1945, by President Harry S. Truman. He continued his army career in the reserves until 1963, then worked in the Veterans Administration until his retirement in 1976.
Rudolph died from complications of Alzheimer's disease on May 25, 2006, in Grand Rapids, Minnesota. He is buried at Fort Snelling National Cemetery Minneapolis, Minnesota.
Highway 7 north from US Highway 169 in Taconite, Minnesota to Bigfork, Minnesota is known as the Donald Rudolph Medal of Honor Scenic Byway. A commemorative site is available several miles up the highway.