# Asut Malkia

The Asut Malkia ("Salutation of Kings") or Asiet Malkia is one of the most commonly recited prayers in Mandaeism. In the prayer, the reciter wishes health and victory (asuta u-zakuta ࡀࡎࡅࡕࡀ ࡅࡆࡀࡊࡅࡕࡀ) upon dozens of heavenly and ancestral figures. According to E. S. Drower, it is recited daily by priests and also before all baptisms (masbuta), ritual meals (lofani), and various rites.
The Asut Malkia is numbered as Prayer 105 in E. S. Drower's version of the Qulasta, which was based on manuscript 53 of the Drower Collection (abbreviated DC 53).

## Etymology

Asut or asuta can be literally translated as 'healing', while malkia means 'kings' (singular form: malka).
Similarly, Mandaeans typically greet each other with the phrase:
    Asuta Tihwilkun (Classical Mandaic: ࡀࡎࡅࡕࡀ ࡕࡉࡄࡅࡉࡋࡊࡅࡍ, lit. 'Healing be upon you (pl.)')
The response would typically be:
    Aswata ḏ-Hiia nihwilak (Classical Mandaic: ࡀࡎࡅࡀࡕࡀ ࡖࡄࡉࡉࡀ ࡍࡉࡄࡅࡉࡋࡀࡊ, lit. 'healing of Life be upon you (sg.)')

## Prayer

The formula asuta u-zakuta nihuilkun (ࡀࡎࡅࡕࡀ ࡅࡆࡀࡊࡅࡕࡀ ࡍࡉࡄࡅࡉࡋࡊࡅࡍ "health and victory are yours") is recited dozens of times in the prayer before the names of each uthra or set of uthras, Hayyi Rabbi, some of the prophets, and the reciter himself, almost all of whom are addressed as malka (ࡌࡀࡋࡊࡀ "king").

### Drower (1937)

Drower's (1937) version lists the following uthras, etc.
* Treasure of the Great First Sublime Life (ginza d-hiia rbia qadmaiia yaqira)
* Lord of Lofty Greatness (Mara d-rabuta ʿilaita)
* Yushamin the Pure, son of Niṣabtun
* Manda d-Hiia, son of Niṣabtun
* Hibil Ziwa
* Anush Uthra
* Shishlam Rabba
* ʿS'haq, the first great Radiancy (ʿS'haq Ziwa Rba qadmaiia)
* Sam Ziwa, the Pure, eldest, first, beloved (Sam Ziwa dakia bukra habiba rba qadmaiia)
* Hibil and Shitil and Anush
* Adatan and Yadatan
* Shilmai and Nidbai, guardian ʿutri of the flowing water (ʿuthria naṭria d-yardna; i.e., the guardian uthras of the yardna of Piriawis)
* 24 ʿutri, sons of the light
* 4 beings, sons of perfection
* Anṣab and consort (lit. cloud) of Anṣab
* Sar and Sarwan
* Zhir and Zihrun, and Bhir and Bhrun [sic] (or Bihrun), and Tar and Tarwan
* ʿUrfiʿil and Marfiʿil and Yawar Tugmur
* Shingilan ʿUtra
* Bar-Bag ʿUtra
* Shingilan ʿUtra
* Simat Hiia
* ʿIzlat the Great
* Sharat Niṭufta
* Kanat Niṭufta
* Bihrat Anana
* Abatur Rama
* ʿUṣṭuna Rabba
* Abatur Muzania
* Bar-Zahrʿil (i.e., Ptahil)
* Yahya Yuhana (i.e., John the Baptist)
* Adam, First Man (Adam gabra qadmaiia)
* Shitil, son of Adam
* malki (kings) and ʿutri and indwellers, and flowing waters and outgushings and all the dwellings of the World of Light
The word niṭufta (spelled niṭupta) originally means 'drop' and has sometimes also been translated as 'cloud'. It is also often used as an appellation to refer to the consorts of uthras.

### Drower (1959)

Drower's (1959) version, which differs from the version in Drower (1937), lists the following uthras, etc.
* great Gate of the precious House of Mercies
* honoured First Parents
* Treasure of the great First honoured Life
* Mara d-Rabutha ʿlaita
* Yušamin the Pure, son of Niṣibtun
* Manda d-Hiia, son of Niṣibtun
* Hibil Ziwa
* Anuš ʿuthra
* Šišlam Rba
* ʿS'haq Ziwa Rba Qadmaia
* Sam Ziwa, pure, eldest, beloved, great, first Radiance
* Hibil, Šitil, and Anuš
* Adatan and Yadatan
* Šilmay and Nidvay, two guardian ʿuthras of the jordan
* 24 ʿuthras, sons of light
* 4 beings, sons of Salutation
* Nṣab and Anan Nṣab
* Sar and Sarwan
* Zhir and Zahrun and Bhir and Bihrun
* Tar and Tarwan
* Yufin-Yufafin
* Habšaba (Sunday) and Kana d-Zidqa
* Barbag ʿuthra
* Šingilan ʿuthra
* Simat Hiia
* Great ʿZlat
* Šarat Niṭufta
* Kanat Niṭufta
* Bihrat Anana
* Abathur Rama
* ʿUṣṭuna Rba
* Abathur Muzania
* Pthahil, son of Zahriel
* Yahia Yuhana
* Adam, the first man
* Šitil, son of Adam the first man
* kings and ʿuthras
* indwellings and jordans
* running streams and škintas of the world(s) of light

### Al-Mubaraki (2010)

Below is a list of names and entities mentioned in the Asut Malkia, from Majid Fandi Al-Mubaraki's Qulasta (volume 2), as edited by Matthew Morgenstern and Ohad Abudraham in the Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon. Some names are addressed with the title Malka ("King"), while others are not. It is longer than Drower's version and is currently the most commonly used version recited by contemporary Mandaeans.
* Great Gate of the House of Honored Mercies (Baba Rba ḏ-Bit Rahmia Yaqira)
* honored first ancestors (Abahatan Qadmaiia Yaqiria)
* Treasure (Ginza) of Hayyi Rabbi, the Honored First One (Qadmaiia Yaqira)
* Malka Exalted Lord of Greatness (Mara ḏ-Rabuta ˁlaita)
* Malka Pure Yušamin, son of Niṣibtun (Yušamin Dakia bar Niṣibtun)
* Malka Manda ḏ-Hiia, son of Niṣibtun
* Malka Hibil Ziwa
* Malka Anuš Uthra
* Malka Šišlam Rba
* Malka Shaq Ziwa Rba Qadmaia ("First Great Radiant Shaq")
* Malka Sam Ziwa, pure, eldest, beloved, great, first (Dakia Bukra Habiba Rba Qadmaia)
* Hibil and Šitil and Anuš
* Adatan and Yadatan
* Šilmai and Nidbai, guardian uthras of the Yardna
* 24 uthras, sons of light (srin u-arba ˁutria bnia nhura)
* 4 beings, sons of peace/greeting (arba gubria bnia šlama)
* Nṣab and Anan Nṣab
* Sar and Sarwan
* Zhir and Zihrun; Bhir and Bihrun; Tar and Tarwan
* Arpeil and Marpeil
* Yupin and Yupapin
* Sunday and alms (Habšaba and Kana ḏ-Zidqa)
* Bihrun and Kanpeil
* Malka Steadfast Drabshas (drabšia taqna)
* Malka Šihlbun Uthra
* Malka Barbag Uthra
* Malka Šingalan Uthra
* Malka Righteous Great Unique One (Lihdaia Rba Zadiqa)
* Malka ˁtinṣib Ziwa
* Malka Adakas Mana ("Secret Adam, the Mana")
* Malka Adakas Malala ("Secret Adam, the Word")
* Malka Pure Ether (Ayar Dakia)
* Malka Abundant Ether (Ayar Sagia)
* Malka Mahzian the Word (Mahzian Malala)
* Malka Yawar Kbar
* Malka Yawar Rba
* Malka Yukabar Rba
* Malka Yukašar Kana
* Malka Nbaṭ Ziwa Rba Qadmaia ("First Great Radiant Nbaṭ")
* Malka Sam Mana Smira
* Malka Great Father of Glory (Aba Rba ḏ-ˁqara)
* Malka Great Countenance of Glory (Parṣupa Rba ḏ-ˁqara)
* Malka Adam Shaq Ziwa
* Malka Bihram Rba
* Malka Yuzaṭaq Manda ḏ-Hiia
* Malka Yawar Ganzeil Uthra
* Malka Zihrun Raza Kasia
* Malka Samandareil Uthra
* Malka Ṣanaṣeil Uthra
* Malka Taureil Uthra
* Malka Gubran Uthra
* Simat Hiia
* ˁzlat Rabtia
* Šarat Niṭupta
* Kanat Niṭupta
* Bihrat Anana
* Pure Pearl (Marganita Dakita)
* Malka Abatur Rama
* Malka ˁṣṭuna Rba ("Great Body")
* Malka Abatur Muzania
* Malka Ptahil, son of Zahreil
* Malka Yahya Yuhana
* Malka Adam the First Man (Adam Gabra Qadmaia)
* Malka Šitil, son of Adam the First Man
* Malka kings and uthras; mašknas and yardnas; running streams (rhaṭia) and škintas of the World(s) of Light

#### Mandaic text

Below is the full transliterated Mandaic text of the above. The recurring formula asuta u-zakuta 'healing and victory' is repeated 66 times.
   bšumaihun ḏ-hiia rbia asuta u-zakuta nihuilak ia baba rba ḏ-bit rahmia iaqira asuta u-zakuta nihuilkun abahatan qadmaiia iaqiria asuta u-zakuta nihuilik ginza ḏ-hiia rbia qadmaiia iaqira asuta u-zakuta nihuilak malka mara ḏ-rabuta ˁlaita asuta u-zakuta nihuilak malka iušamin dakia br niṣibtun asuta u-zakuta nihuilak malka manda ḏ-hiia br niṣibtun asuta u-zakuta nihuilak malka hibil ziua asuta u-zakuta nihuilak malka anuš ˁutra asuta u-zakuta nihuilak malka šišlam rba asuta u-zakuta nihuilak malka shaq ziua rba qadmaia asuta u-zakuta nihuilak malka sam ziua dakia bukra habiba rba qadmaia asuta u-zakuta nihuilkun hibil u-šitil u-anuš asuta u-zakuta nihuilkun adatan u-iadatan asuta u-zakuta nihuilkun šilmai u-nidbai ˁutria naṭria ḏ-iardna asuta u-zakuta nihuilkun srin u-arba ˁutria bnia nhura asuta u-zakuta nihuilkun arba gubria bnia šlama asuta u-zakuta nihuilkun nṣab u-anan nṣab asuta u-zakuta nihuilkun sar u-saruan asuta u-zakuta nihuilkun zhir u-zihrun bhir u-bihrun u-tar u-taruan asuta u-zakuta nihuilkun arpˁiil u-marpˁiil asuta u-zakuta nihuilkun iupin u-iupapin asuta u-zakuta nihuilkun habšaba u-kana ḏ-zidqa asuta u-zakuta nihuilkun bihrun u-kanpˁiil asuta u-zakuta nihuilak malka drabšia taqna asuta u-zakuta nihuilak malka šihlbun ˁutra asuta u-zakuta nihuilak malka barbag ˁutra asuta u-zakuta nihuilak malka šingalan ˁutra asuta u-zakuta nihuilak malka lihdaia rba zadiqa asuta u-zakuta nihuilak malka ˁtinṣib ziua asuta u-zakuta nihuilak malka adakas mana asuta u-zakuta nihuilak malka adakas malala asuta u-zakuta nihuilak malka aiar dakia asuta u-zakuta nihuilak malka aiar sagia asuta u-zakuta nihuilak malka mahzian malala asuta u-zakuta nihuilak malka iauar kbar asuta u-zakuta nihuilak malka iauar rba asuta u-zakuta nihuilak malka iukabar rba asuta u-zakuta nihuilak malka iukašar kana asuta u-zakuta nihuilak malka nbaṭ ziua rba qadmaia asuta u-zakuta nihuilak malka sam mana smira asuta u-zakuta nihuilak malka aba rba ḏ-ˁqara asuta u-zakuta nihuilak malka parṣupa rba ḏ-ˁqara asuta u-zakuta nihuilak malka adam shaq ziua asuta u-zakuta nihuilak malka bihram rba asuta u-zakuta nihuilak malka iuzaṭaq manda ḏ-hiia asuta u-zakuta nihuilak malka iauar ganzˁil ˁutra asuta u-zakuta nihuilak malka zihrun raza kasia asuta u-zakuta nihuilak malka samandarˁil ˁutra asuta u-zakuta nihuilak malka ṣanaṣˁiil ˁutra asuta u-zakuta nihuilak malka taurˁiil ˁutra asuta u-zakuta nihuilak malka gubran ˁutra asuta u-zakuta nihuilik simat hiia asuta u-zakuta nihuilik ˁzlat rabtia asuta u-zakuta nihuilik šarat niṭupta asuta u-zakuta nihuilik kanat niṭupta asuta u-zakuta nihuilik bihrat anana asuta u-zakuta nihuilik marganita dakita asuta u-zakuta nihuilak malka abatur rama asuta u-zakuta nihuilak malka ˁṣṭuna rba asuta u-zakuta nihuilak malka abatur muzania asuta u-zakuta nihuilak malka ptahil br zahrˁiil asuta u-zakuta nihuilak malka iahia iuhana asuta u-zakuta nihuilak malka adam gabra qadmaia asuta u-zakuta nihuilak malka šitil br adam gabra qadmaia asuta u-zakuta nihuilkun ia malkia u-ˁutria u-mašknia u-iardnia u-rhaṭia u-škinata ḏ-almia ḏ-nhura kulaikun asuta u-zakuta u-šabiq haṭaiia nihuilia l-haza nišimtai l-dilia plan br planita ḏ-haza buta u-rahmia bit šabiq haṭaiia nihuilia