OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 2016 Somali parliamentary election

Indirect parliamentary elections were held in Somalia in October and November 2016. The Upper House was elected on 10 October, with voting taking place for the House of the People, which was elected between 23 October and 10 November 2016. They were the first elections since 1984, and the newly elected Parliament was due to elect the President on 30 November. However, the presidential elections were delayed and eventually held on 8 February 2017, when the MPs and Senators elected Mohamed Abdullahi Mohamed as President.
The ongoing civil war prevented an election with full suffrage from taking place, and instead an indirect election was held, with 14,025 delegates, themselves appointed by clan elders, electing the Parliament.

## Background

The term of the Parliament of the Federal Government of Somalia, sworn in in 2012, expired in 2016. In 2012 only 135 elders were part of the electoral process. For the 2016 elections the number was increased to 14,025. Only limited suffrage was granted as the election model relied on clan elders and community representatives rather than a popular vote. The UN envoy to the country warned that al-Shabaab would try to derail the elections.

## Electoral system

The 54 members of the Upper House were elected by the state assemblies.
The 275 members of the Lower House were elected by 14,025 delegates from different regions in the country. Each MP was elected by an electoral college of 51 people appointed by the 135 Traditional Elders. From the 51 delegates 16 were supposed to be women, 10 from the youth community and the remaining 25 being members of the civil society. From the 275 MPs, 69 were chosen in Baidoa while the remaining were from other cities.
# 2016–17 Haitian Senate election

Senate elections were held in Haiti with a first round on 20 November 2016, and a second on 29 January 2017. The first round were held simultaneously with the presidential elections and the second round of the parliamentary elections that still had a run-off pending in some constituencies since 2015.
On 10 August 2016, authorities published the list of candidates for the renewal for a third of the Senate.
Originally scheduled for 9 October, the elections were postponed until 20 November 2016 because of Hurricane Matthew, and a new date announced.

## Results

Two candidates were elected in the first round of the elections as they obtained an absolute majority or a difference or more than 25% over their immediate runner-up: Wanique Pierre (PHTK) in the Nord-Est constituency and Joseph Lambert (KONA) in the Sud-Est constituency. The other 8 remaining constituencies had a run-off to decide the senators elected. Preliminary results were published on 3 February. The final results will be available after a two-week challenge period and the handling of possible cases.

### Grand'Anse, Grand'Anse constituency

* Jean Rigaud Belizaire (Consortium) 52.83%
* Andris Riché (OPL) 45.92%
* Against all 1.25%

### Grand'Anse, Roseaux constituency

* Ronald Toussaint (Inite Patriyotik) 50.31%
* David Nicolas Clerie 49.45%
* Against all 0.24%

### Ouest

* Patrice Dumont (Rassemblement des Patriotes Haïtiens – RPH) 57.40%
* Fednel Monchéry (PHTK) 40.13%
* Against all 2.47%

### Nord

* Jean Marie Ralphe Fethiere (PHTK) 56.34%
* Theodord Saintilus (Pitit Dessalines) 41.52%
* Against all 2.14%

### Nord-Est

* Wanique Pierre (PHTK) 58.74% is elected in the first round

### Centre

* Rony Celestin (PHTK) 49.59%
* Abel Descollines (KID) 49.50%
* Against all 0.91%

### Artibonite

* Garcia Delva (AAA) 53.85%
* Marc Antoine Aldorphe (Bouclier) 43.07%
* Against all 3.08%

### Sud

* Pierre François Sildor (PHTK) 57.77%
* Fritz Carlos Lebon (Fanmi Lavalas) 40.66%
* Against all 1.57%

### Sud-Est

* Joseph Lambert (KONA) 53.78% is elected in the 1st round

### Nippes

* Denis Cadeau (Bouclier) 59.45%
* Louberson Vilson (Fanmi Lavalas) 39.44%
* Against all 1.11%

### Nord-Ouest

* Kedlaire Augustin (PHTK) 65.50%
* Francois Lucas Sainvil (MOSANOH) 32.28%
* Against all 2.23%
# USS Snyder

USS Snyder (DE-745) was a Cannon-class destroyer escort built for the United States Navy during World War II. She served in the Pacific Ocean and provided escort service against submarine and air attack for Navy vessels and convoys.
She was laid down on 28 April 1943 by the Western Pipe and Steel Company, San Pedro, Los Angeles; launched on 29 August 1943, sponsored by Mrs. Lillian J. Snyder; and commissioned on 5 May 1944.

## World War II Pacific Theatre operations

After undergoing shakedown in the San Diego area, Snyder sailed to San Francisco in early July. The destroyer escort joined Task Unit (TU) 16.1.5 there and departed for Pearl Harbor on 11 July. From 1 August to 6 October 1944, Snyder made escort tries to Enewetak Atoll, Manus Island, Saipan, and Kwajalein Atoll. She joined Task Group (TG) 12.3 and conducted hunter-killer operations on the San Francisco-Pearl Harbor-Eniwetok sea lanes until mid-February 1945.
Snyder's task group spent much of March searching for Lt. Gen. Millard Harmon, Commanding General of United States Army Air Forces, Pacific Ocean Areas, whose plane was lost at sea. She then resumed hunter-killer operations. In May, the escort joined a convoy en route from Saipan to Okinawa. On the 11th and 12th, she screened USS Hugh W. Hadley and USS Evans (DD-552), which had been damaged by kamikazes northwest of Okinawa, and escorted them to Ie Shima. The escort then joined the picket screen around Okinawa until 29 May. From 2 to 23 June, Snyder operated with Task Unit 31.1.1, composed of seven escort carriers, which provided air support for American forces fighting on southern Okinawa. In July and August, she performed anti-submarine patrols in the waters near Guam.

## Post-War operations

When hostilities with the Empire of Japan ceased, Snyder proceeded to Saipan. On 18 September, she screened a convoy of 21 transports from Saipan to Nagasaki. On 18 October, the ship sailed for the West Coast of the United States via Pearl Harbor. She was rerouted to the east coast for decommissioning and arrived at Norfolk, Virginia, in December 1945. She was then towed to Green Cove Springs, Florida where she lay with the reserve fleet until October 1946.

## Service as Training Ship

On 10 October, Snyder was towed to New York City and placed in commission, in reserve, as a training ship for the 3rd Naval District. She served in this capacity until May 1950, when she was placed in full commission for use in the Reserve Training Program. On 1 July 1957, Snyder was transferred to the Destroyer Force, Atlantic Fleet, but continued to operate as a Naval Reserve training ship.

## Final decommissioning

Snyder was again placed in reserve, out of commission, on 5 May 1960 and berthed at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. She was struck from the Navy Directory on 1 August 1972 and sold to North American Smelting Co. in Wilmington, Delaware, for scrap.

## Awards

Snyder received one battle star for World War II service.
# Patate Canton

Patate Canton is a canton of Ecuador, located in the Tungurahua Province. Its capital is the town of Patate. Its population at the 2010 census was 13,497.
The still active Tungurahua volcano is situated within the canton.
Patate (town and canton) was declared a Pueblo Mágico (magical town) by Ecuador's Ministry of Tourism (MINTUR) in 2019. It was the first community in the country to be awarded this distinction.
# Latecomers

Latecomers is an Australian comedy television series. It was created by Angus Thompson, Emma Myers and Nina Oyama and stars Thompson and Hannah Diviney. It is a rom-com featuring two disabled lead characters. It was released by SBS On Demand in December 2023. Anna Hickey-Moody, writing in the Conversation praised it for having actors with a disability playing characters with a disability.

## Cast

* Angus Thompson as Frank
* Hannah Diviney as Sarah
* Miriama Smith as Brandi
* Patrick Jhanur as Elliot
* Tracy Mann as Deb
* Liam Greinke as Troy
* Tom Wilson as Jackson

## Awards

* 13th AACTA Awards
** Best Online Drama or Comedy - Liam Heyen, Hannah Ngo, Angus Thompson, Emma Myers, Nina Oyama, Madeleine Gottlieb, Alistair Baldwin - Won
# Siege of Ryūgasaki

The 1545 siege of Ryūgasaki was one of many battles fought by Takeda Shingen in his bid to control Shinano Province during Japan's Sengoku period. The fortress was a satellite castle of Fukuyo, and was held by Tozawa retainer Yoshinaga Mitoyoshi. Yoshinaga himself was killed in battle while the fortress fell.
# Siege of Matsuo

The 1554 siege of Matsuo was one of many sieges undertaken by the daimyō Takeda Shingen in his campaign to conquer Japan's Shinano Province. This took place during Japan's Sengoku period, in which feudal lords (daimyōs) vied for control of fiefdoms across the country.
Matsuo castle, in the Ina valley, was controlled by Ogasawara Nobusada; after defeating him, Shingen went on to seize nearby Yoshioka castle as well.
# USS Coffman

USS Coffman (DE-191) was a Cannon-class destroyer escort in service with the United States Navy from 1943 to 1946. She was sold for scrap in 1973.

## History

USS Coffman was named in honor of DeWitt Coffman, veteran of the Spanish–American War who was awarded the Navy Distinguished Service Medal during World War I. The ship was launched on 28 November 1943 by Federal Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Co., Newark, New Jersey; sponsored by Miss F. Liggett; and commissioned on 27 December 1943.
After one convoy escort voyage to Bizerte, Tunisia between 12 April and 3 May 1944, Coffman served between 10 June and 10 July as a target for submarines in training. Assigned to the hunter-killer group formed around the escort carrier Card (CVE-11), Coffman joined in training patrols and a voyage to Casablanca during which the group covered the movement of several convoys. Alternate periods of exercises and patrols continued until early in February 1945, when Coffman was ordered to join a group searching in stormy waters for a German weather ship reported south of Iceland.
She returned to screen carriers during air training operations out of Quonset Point, Rhode Island, until April, when the German U-boats made their last great effort of the war, penetrating the eastern Atlantic in strength. Coffman and her division were ordered to a search along the coast of Virginia, and on 30 April, she, with Thomas (DE-102), Bostwick (DE-103) and Natchez (PF-2), sank U-879 in 36°34′N 74°00′W﻿ / ﻿36.567°N 74.000°W﻿ / 36.567; -74.000.
After continued service to carriers and submarines in training, Coffman reported to Green Cove Springs, Florida, on 15 November 1945, and was decommissioned there on 30 April 1946 preparatory to disposal. Following the outbreak of the Korean War, she was removed from the sale list and placed in reserve. She was sold on 17 August 1973 and scrapped.

## Awards

Coffman received one battle star for World War II service.
# Geyserite

Geyserite, or siliceous sinter, is a form of opaline silica that is often found as crusts or layers around hot springs and geysers. Botryoidal geyserite is known as fiorite. Geyserite is porous due to the silica enclosing many small cavities. Siliceous sinter should not be confused with calcareous sinter, which is made of calcium carbonate.
In May 2017, evidence of the earliest known life on land may have been found in 3.48-billion-year-old geyserite uncovered in the Pilbara Craton of Western Australia.
# Bavarian Pt 2/4 N

The Bavarian Pt 2/4 N was a steam locomotive with the Royal Bavarian State Railways (Königlich Bayerische Staatsbahn). It was developed in parallel with the Bavarian Pt 2/3 and for the same duties. Instead of a fixed carrying axle it was given a bogie. This change brought no advantage, so the more cost-effective Pt 2/3 was favoured. The two Pt 2/4 N engines were nevertheless taken over by the Reichsbahn, but were retired by 1928.
# Aluvarus

Aluvarus praeimperialis is an extinct ray-finned fish, known from two headless larval fossil specimens found in the Pabdeh Formation, a Late Eocene stratum from the Priabonian epoch, of what is now Iran. A. praeimperialis was originally thought to be a luvar, described as "Luvarus praeimperialis", as it was thought to be a predecessor to the modern luvar. A later reexamination of the specimens showed that they were too incomplete to demonstrate such a conclusion and had no clear exclusive shared traits with luvar, and were renamed "Aluvarus", meaning "not luvar" or "different than luvar". However, some authorities still retain it as a luvar.
The Pabdeh Formation was originally dated to the early Oligocene, but more recent analysis indicates it to be from the mid-late Eocene, most likely the Priabonian. It inhabited an open ocean habitat with a significant deepwater component to the fauna.
# Adi Dravida

Adi Dravida (or Adi Dravidar) is a term that has been used since 1914 in South India to denote Paraiyars. At the time of the 2011 Census of India, they made up about half of Tamil Nadu's Scheduled Caste population.

## Origin

Iyothee Thass, a leader of the Paraiyar community, believed that the term "Paraiyar" was a slur. He attempted a reconstruction of Tamil history, arguing that the Paraiyars were the original inhabitants of the land, who had been subjugated by upper-caste invaders. Another Paraiyar leader, Rettamalai Srinivasan, however, advocated using the term "Paraiyar" with pride, and formed the Parayar Mahajana Sabha ("Paraiyar Mahajana Assembly") in 1892. Thass, on the other hand, advocated the term "Adi-Dravida" ("Original Dravidians") to describe the community. In 1892, he used the term Adidravida Jana Sabhai to describe an organisation, which was probably Srinivasan's Parayar Mahajana Sabha. In 1895, he established the "People’s Assembly of Urdravidians" (Adidravida Jana Sabha), which probably split off from Srinivasan's organisation. According to Michael Bergunder, Thass was thus the first person to introduce the concept of "Adi Dravida" into political discussion.
In 1918, the Adi Dravida Mahajan Sabha also requested the Indian government use the term to replace the current but pejorative term "Pariah" (Paraiyar) used for the community.
Another Paraiyar leader, M C Rajah — a Madras councillor — made successful efforts for adoption of the term "Adi-Dravidar" in the government records. In 1914, the Madras Legislative Council passed a resolution that officially censured the usage of the term "Paraiyar" to refer to a specific community, and recommended "Adi Dravidar" as an alternative. In the 1920s and 1930s, Periyar ensured the wider dissemination of the term "Adi Dravida".

## Reservation

In South India, Adi Dravida are considered as Scheduled Castes, under India's positive system of Reservation.
| Status | Notes | Reservation status |
| Andhra Pradesh | mostly concentrated in bordering districts of Andhra Pradesh to Tamil Nadu | SC |
| Lakshadweep | only the native citizens | ST |
| Karnataka | Counted along with Adi Andhra, Adi Karnataka and Ajila. | SC |
| Kerala | Counted along with Adi Andhra, Adi Karnataka and Ajila. | SC |
| Tamil Nadu | Counted along with Adi Andhra, Adi Karnataka and Ajila. | SC |
# Neil Snowden

Neil Lindsey Snowden (born 2 August 1959) is an Australian field hockey player. He competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles and the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul, both where the Australian team placed fourth.
# Charles Larned

General Charles Larned (ca. 1787 – August 13, 1834, Detroit) was an American lawyer, military officer, and politician. He fought in the War of 1812 and was Attorney General of Michigan Territory.

## Biography
### Early life

Charles Larned was a native of Pittsfield in Berkshire County, Massachusetts. He was the son of Berkshire County Sheriff Simon Larned, who was born in Connecticut and, during the American Revolutionary War, was Colonel of the 9th Regiment United States Infantry, and aide-de-camp to General Washington. Larned graduated from Williams College in 1806 and then studied law in Kentucky in the offices of Henry Clay.

### Military career

During the War of 1812, while Larned was dining with a group of prominent citizens in Shelby County, Kentucky, word came to the group from Governor Isaac Shelby that General William Henry Harrison was in danger of being overwhelmed by British General Henry Procter and his Indian allies. One of the group, Colonel Owen, undertook the organization of a regiment, including Larned and commanded by Governor Shelby himself, to reinforce Harrison's troops. Many of the regiment were slaughtered by the Indians after surrendering to the British, in an event known as the River Raisin Massacre. Larned himself survived and soon rose to the rank of major, and later participated with the regiment in the Battle of the Thames.
While stationed in Detroit, Larned, along with eighty others (including General Lewis Cass) learned of General William Hull's plan to surrender Detroit to the British without a fight. The men signed a document, found among Larned's personal papers, agreeing to seize Hull and depose him in order to prevent the surrender. Hull learned of the plan and instead sent Larned and many of the others south to Ohio to meet a supply convoy. While returning to Detroit, they received word that Hull had surrendered and they were to become prisoners of the British.

### Practicing law in Detroit

After the war, Larned began practicing law in Detroit, and served as Attorney General of Michigan Territory during the Black Hawk War, under Territorial Governor George B. Porter. In 1813 he married Sylvia Easton Colt. He served on the Board of Trustees of the University of Michigan from 1821 until his death.
He survived the cholera epidemic that swept Detroit in 1832. When cholera returned in 1834, Larned worked to alleviate the suffering of others, at one point going without sleep for 48 hours straight. In the end, he succumbed to it and died August 13, 1834. Charles C. Trowbridge, Mayor of Detroit paid tribute to him, saying he left "a family, a city, and a State in mourning." He was buried in Elmwood Cemetery. His wife died August 24, 1845.

## Commemoration

* Larned Street in Detroit is named after him.
# Quality Control (album)

Quality Control is the second studio album by American alternative hip hop group Jurassic 5. It was released on June 6, 2000, by Interscope Records.

## Critical reception

Professional ratings :
| Aggregate scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Metacritic | 77/100 |
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| Entertainment Weekly | B |
| The Guardian | |
| The Independent | |
| Los Angeles Times | |
| Mixmag | 4/5 |
| NME | 6/10 |
| Pitchfork | 6.1/10 |
| Rolling Stone | |
| The Source | |
At Metacritic, which assigns a normalized rating out of 100 to reviews from professional publications, Quality Control received an average score of 77 based on 17 reviews, indicating "generally favorable reviews".
In 2015, it was included in Paste's list of "10 Hip-Hop Albums for People Who Don't Like Hip-Hop".

## Track listing

Sample credits
* "The Influence" contains excerpts from "Some Minor Changes", written by Marty Paich and performed by The Hi-Lo's.
* "Great Expectations" contains interpolations from "The Great Escape", written by Larry Coryell.
* "Quality Control" contains samples from "One Less Dick" and "Second Show", written by Clarence Reid, and performed by Blowfly.
* "Contact" contains vocal samples from "(Do the) Push and Pull", performed by Rufus Thomas.
* "LAUSD" contains samples from "I Just Want to Make Love to You", written by Willie Dixon, and performed by Cold Blood.
* "W.O.E. Is Me (World of Entertainment)" contains "Bio Rhythm #9", written by Thomas Clausen
* Intro preceding "W.O.E. Is Me" contains excerpts from "Movin' On Up" (Theme from The Jeffersons), written by Ja'Net DuBois and Jeff Barry.
* "Monkey Bars" contains a sample from "Somebody's Watching You"; written by Tony Maiden, Yvette Stevens, and Bobby Watson; performed by Rufus featuring Chaka Khan.
* "Jurass Finish First" contains samples from "Flip", written and performed by Shelly Manne.
* "The Game" contains excerpts from "Soul Man", written by David Porter and Isaac Hayes.
* Improvise" contains a sample from "The Hot Rock", written and performed by Quincy Jones.
* "Swing Set" contains excerpts from "Big Noise from Winnetka", written by Ray Bauduc, Bob Haggart, Bob Crosby, and Gil Rodin; and performed by Sandy Nelson.
* "Swing Set" contains excerpts from the soundtrack album Animal House.

## Charts

Chart performance for Quality Control :
| Chart (2000) | Peak position |
| Australian Albums (ARIA) | 69 |
| Canada Top Albums/CDs (RPM) | 51 |
| Scottish Albums (OCC) | 23 |
| Swedish Albums (Sverigetopplistan) | 37 |
| UK Albums (OCC) | 23 |
| UK Dance Albums (OCC) | 2 |
| US Billboard 200 | 43 |
| US Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums (Billboard) | 33 |

## Certifications

Certifications for Quality Control :
| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| United Kingdom (BPI) | Gold | 100,000$^‡$ |
| $^‡$ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone. |||
# Mohammad Ali Salamat

Mohammad Ali Salamat ((1981-09-22)22 September 1981 – (2024-11-12)12 November 2024), also known by the alias “Ali Salamat,” was a pharmacist and an accused rapist of more than 200 women and girls in Hamadan. He was arrested on 15 January 2024, in Tehran by the Intelligence Protection Unit of the Hamadan Judiciary, in cooperation with the Tehran Provincial Intelligence Department, and subsequently transferred to Hamadan.
On the morning of 12 November 2024, he was publicly executed at "Bagh Behesht" in Hamadan.

## Criminal history and methods

Mohammad Ali Salamat, alias "Ali Salamat," established a pharmacy in a property inherited from his father. He exploited excuses such as marriage proposals, friendships, delivering medications, and even selling abortion pills to deceive and sexually exploit women. Some victims stated that Salamat committed his first rape at the age of 17, after which he continued targeting vulnerable women.

## Arrest and legal proceedings
### Attempt to flee

When some victims filed complaints against him, an arrest warrant was issued. Salamat, aware of the possibility of being detained, fled from Hamadan to Tehran and attempted to leave the country illegally. However, law enforcement tracked his hideout in Tehran, leading to his arrest on 15 January 2024.

### Case formation and trial

The case against Mohammad Ali Salamat formally began on 21 May 2023. On 15 January 2024, he was arrested in Hamadan while jogging on Eram Boulevard. Prosecutors invited victims to come forward and provide testimonies about his crimes.
In a video shared on social media on 17 January 2024, dozens of Hamadan residents gathered outside the Provincial Judiciary to protest. Demonstrators alleged collusion between Salamat and judicial authorities. The outcry led to intensified investigations and expedited legal proceedings.

### Convictions and execution

Despite multiple appeals to Iran’s Supreme Court, Salamat's death sentence was upheld. On 12 November 2024, he was executed in Hamadan, marking the end of one of Iran's most notorious sexual assault cases.
This case brought national attention due to the number of victims and the severity of the crimes. Reports revealed that some victims faced severe psychological consequences, including depression and suicide.