OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Dunoon Castle

Dunoon Castle is a ruined castle in Dunoon, Argyll and Bute, Scotland. The castle sat upon a cone-shaped hill about 80 feet (24 m) high. Very little remains of the castle's structure today. Castle House, built in 1822, stands a few yards north of the castle ruins.
The remains of the castle, and a surrounding area, are a scheduled monument.
The castle was a royal residence in the 14th century, and in the 17th century fell into ruins.

## 13th–15th century

The castle is first recorded in the thirteenth century. It may have been constructed in the context of the Stewarts increasing authority in Cowal.
In 1333 Dunoon Castle was besieged and taken by Edward Balliol, who surrendered it to Edward III of England. An insurrection ensued, driving Baliol out of Scotland. Robert the Steward, later King Robert II of Scotland, arrived in Cowal and, with the help of Colin Campbell of Lochow, retook the castle.
James III undertook to repay his Master of Household, Colin Campbell, 1st Earl of Argyll for repairs to the castle in 1468, and made him keeper of the castle in 1472. By the 15th century it was a royal castle with the Campbells as hereditary keepers.

## 16th century

In 1544 Dunoon Castle was besieged by Matthew Stewart, 4th Earl of Lennox. Having eighteen ships and 800 soldiers provided by Henry VIII of England, Lennox succeeded in taking the Castles of Dunoon and Rothesay. Archibald Campbell, 4th Earl of Argyll, was driven out, sustaining great loss.
In 1563, Mary, Queen of Scots, stayed at the castle while visiting her half-sister, Jean Stewart, Countess of Argyll, and granted several charters during her visit. Mary's rebels met up at Dunoon during the Chaseabout Raid. Her brother the Earl of Moray's faction in Argyll included the Duke of Châtelherault, and the Earls of Argyll and Rothes. They left for Ayrshire on 18 August 1565.

## 17th century

In 1646 occurred the Dunoon massacre in which the Campbells slaughtered men, women, children, and infants of Clan Lamont. After the restoration of the episcopacy under Charles II, Dunoon became the residence of the bishops of Argyll for a time. The castle was destroyed during the Earl of Argyll's rebellion against James VII and II in 1685.

## 20th century

During World War I and II, military fortifications were established at Dunoon Castle for the defense of the River Clyde and the shipbuilding industry.
# Three Preludes (ballet)

Three Preludes is a ballet by Mark Morris to eponymous music by George Gershwin for his own company and presented as a piece d'occasion by the New York City Ballet. The performance took place June 16, 1992, at the New York State Theater, Lincoln Center and featured Mikhail Baryshnikov.
# Tourdion

The tourdion (or tordion) (from the French verb "tordre" / to twist) is a lively dance, similar in nature to the galliard, and popular from the mid-15th to the late-16th centuries, first in the Burgundian court and then all over the French kingdom.The Encyclopedia Britannica article says nothing about this, and it is doubtful that the tourdion was known at all after the 1530s. Arbeau's book clearly indicates it was long out of fashion by 1589. The dance was accompanied frequently by the basse danse, due to their contrasting tempi, and were danced alongside the pavane and galliard, and the allemande and courante, also in pairs.[citation needed]
In a triple meter, the tourdion's "was nearly the same as the Galliard, but the former was more rapid and smooth than the latter". Pierre Attaingnant published several tourdions in his first publication of collected dances in 1530, which contains, as the sixth and seventh items, a basse dance entitled "La Magdalena" with a following tourdion (it was only in 1949 that César Geoffray arranged this "following" tourdion as a four-voice chanson, by adding the lyrics "Quand je bois du vin clairet..."). Thoinot Arbeau later documented information about the tourdion in his work Orchésographie [fr; ca; de; hu; ja; ru] (Orchesography, pp. 49–57), published in 1589.

## Dance elements

Nearly all variations on the dance are based upon the simple cinq pas (five step) tourdion. The cinq pas begins in either a posture droit or posture gauche (the former with the right foot slightly in front, the latter with the left), with weight evenly distributed between the feet. Assuming a posture gauche, a pied en l'air droit and a petit saut follow in one beat, that is, a small kick of the right foot into the air at the same time as a slight hop as to land with the left foot (It should be remembered that all pieds en l'air are accompanied by the petit saut of the opposite foot.).
The step is repeated as a pied en l'air gauche, with the left foot kicked into the air and a slight hop to land upon the right. The two steps are then repeated, with care that the kicks are small (as the dance is brisk). Following the four kicks, one performs a saut moyen—a small jump into the air that pulls the feet into the posture gauche or droit—whichever is the opposite of the first. This combination of the saut moyen and the posture is typically called a cadence.
The process repeats, mirrored to reflect the new starting posture, until the song ends.
# Kleszczyn

Kleszczyn is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Brzuze, within Rypin County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. It lies approximately 10 kilometres (6 mi) south-west of Rypin and 47 km (29 mi) east of Toruń.
# Spiros Stathoulopoulos

Spiros Stathoulopoulos (Greek: Σπύρος Σταθουλόπουλος; born 1978) is a Greek-Colombian film director best known for the continuously shot thriller PVC-1 (2007) and Meteora (2012).

## Biography

Spiros Stathoulopoulos was born in Greece and moved to Colombia at the age of 8. Already at school he developed interest to cinema and at the age of 14 won and award for his short meter film Dimension. Stathoulopoulos studied film-making in Colombia, then at the California State University.
PVC-1 debuted at the 60th Cannes Film Festival in the Quinzaine des Réalisateurs and won numerous international awards including the FIPRESCI Prize at the Thessaloniki International Film Festival.
Meteora, his second film, was nominated for the Golden Bear at the 62nd Berlin International Film Festival.
His segment Killing Klaus Kinski (2016), from the Colombian omnibus film Amazonas, competed in the 2017 Clermont-Ferrand International Short Film Festival, as well as other international festivals in 2018 and 2019.
His next project (working title Godard Knows The Truth) was pitched at the Les Arcs Coproduction Village.
His next feature, Cavewoman, was released in 2022. A modern interpretation of Euripides's Electra, it starred Angeliki Papoulia as a protagonist, a female resistance fighter during the Nazi invasion of Greece. At the 63d Thessaloniki International Film Festival it won the JF Costopoulos Foundation Award.
# Mordecai Paldiel

Mordecai Paldiel (born Markus Wajsfeld, March 10, 1937) is a lecturer at Stern College (Yeshiva University) and Queens College in New York.

## Early life and education

Paldiel was born into a Hasidic family of Szlomo Wajsfeld, a diamond trader originally from Miechów near Kraków, and Hinde (née Labin) from Uhnów (now Ukraine) as one of their five children before World War II. Thanks to a Catholic Priest who was able to smuggle them across the border, the family fled from Nazi occupied Belgium via France to Switzerland in 1940 when he was 3 years old. Later after the war the family emigrated to New York:
   When you have stories of people who acted contrary to that and said 'I'm going to save lives, even at risk to myself,' you should talk about these people too. The good deeds should rub off on you too.
He received a Bachelor of Arts from Hebrew University and a Master of Arts and PhD in Religion and Holocaust Studies from Temple University in Philadelphia. Paldiel is the former Director (1984–2007) of the Department of the Righteous Among the Nations at Yad Vashem in Jerusalem. He has written several books devoted to the subject including The Path of the Righteous: Gentile Rescuers of Jews During the Holocaust published in 1993 by the KTAV Publishing House.

## Personal life

Paldiel married Rachel Mizrahi in 1966 in Israel. The couple has 3 children, son Eli and daughters Sigalit "Siggy" and Iris.
His eldest daughter Siggy Flicker is a relationship expert and television personality who appeared on the Bravo reality television series The Real Housewives of New Jersey from 2016 to 2018.

## Publications

* Mordecai Paldiel (1982), Secular Dualism: The 'religious' Nature of Hitler's Antisemitism, Temple University
* Mordecai Paldiel (1992), כל המקיים נפש אחת: חסידי אומות העולם וייחודם University of Michigan
* Mordecai Paldiel (1993), The Path of the Righteous: Gentile Rescuers of Jews .., ISBN 0881253766
* Mordecai Paldiel (1996), Sheltering the Jews: stories of Holocaust rescuers, ISBN 0800628977
* Mordecai Paldiel (2006), Churches and the Holocaust: Unholy Teaching .., ISBN 088125908X
* Mordecai Paldiel (2007), Diplomat Heroes of the Holocaust, ISBN 0881259098
* Mordecai Paldiel (2007), The righteous among the nations, ISBN 0061151122
* Mordecai Paldiel (2011), Saving the Jews: Men and Women who Defied the Final Solution, ISBN 1589797345
* Mordecai Paldiel (2017), Saving One's Own: Jewish Rescuers During the Holocaust, ISBN 0827612974.
# Lenka Valová

Lenka Valová (born 18 April 1983) is a Czech cyclist. She competed in the women's individual pursuit at the 2004 Summer Olympics.
# Praia da Oura

Praia da Oura is a blue flag beach within the Municipality of Albufeira, in the Algarve, Portugal. The beach is in the eastern district of Albufeira in the neighbourhood called Areias de São João (Saint John's Sands). Its flanked by Praia dos Aveiros to the west and Praia de Santa Eulália to the eastern side. The beach is approximately 900 metres (3,000 ft) in length and is 450 metres (1,480 ft) wide at low tide.

## Description

The beach is in a small bay and has fine gold sand and some rock formations. The central section is very popular in the summer but the eastern end of the beach, also known as the Praia dos Bicos, is quieter and has less facilities. The rear cliffs at the eastern end feature some jagged rock formations called the Pedra dos Bicos and are topped with pine woodland with small meadows. The central and western end of the beach are dominated by several large beach resort developments and with a short promenade which runs across the back of this section of beach.

## Facilities

Parking close to the beach is limited and may prove difficult during the busy summer season. During the summer months the beach is patrolled by lifeguards. There are several licensed bar, restaurant concessions along the beach. there are toilet and shower facilities and there are opportunities to hire parasols and sun loungers.

## Commercial area

Praia da Oura has a commercial area to the rear of the middle of the beach in the Rua Ramalho Ortigao. The shops and business consist of beach shops, supermarket, popular bar cafes, restaurants, and hotels, many of which have views of the beach. There is also a public telephone.

## Gallery

* Welcome sign on the promenade to the rear of the beach
* The pine woodland with and flower meadow at Pedra dos Bicos on the cliff tops above Praia da Oura.
* Looking along the beach towards the east
* The cliff tops at the western end of Praia da Oura
* the eastern end of the beach is alternatively called Praia dos Bicos.
* Looking west along the beach at low tide
* The small rounabout on the Rua Ramalho Ortigao, behind the middle section of the beach.
* Part of the Commercial area on the Rua Ramalho Ortigao behind the middle section of Praia da Oura.

## Neighbouring Beach locations

vteNeighbouring Beaches to Praia da Oura :
Areias de São João
Areias de São João
Olhos de Água
Praia dos Aveiros
Praia da Oura
Praia Santa Eulália
Atlantic Ocean
Atlantic Ocean
Atlantic Ocean :
# Airi Matsui

Airi Matsui (松井 愛莉, Matsui Airi, born December 26, 1996) is a Japanese actress, model, and former singer. She is signed to the agency Amuse Inc. and is a former member of Japanese idol group Sakura Gakuin.
In 2015, Matsui endorsed the Ghana chocolate brand. She also released her first photobook on March 27, which contains swimsuit and lingerie shots from Guam and Fukushima.
Matsui's younger brother, Renji, is a professional footballer who plays for J1 League club, Kawasaki Frontale, as of 2024.

## Filmography
### Film

| Year | Title | Role | Director | Notes |
| 2014 | Lingering Spirits | Kei Inuzuka | Yūichirō Hirakawa | |
| 2015 | Flying Colors | Mika Honda | Nobuhiro Doi | |
| 2016 | Yell for the Blue Sky | Himari Wakita | Takahiro Miki | |
| 2019 | Fortuna's Eye | Mariko Uematsu | Takahiro Miki | |
| 2019 | Dosukoi! Sukehira | Ai Fujishiro | Ryō Miyawaki | |
| 2020 | Iyashi no Kokoromi | Rina Ichinose | Tetsuo Shinohara | Lead role |
| 2021 | My Blood & Bones in a Flowing Galaxy | Ozaki (older) | Sabu | |
| 2021 | First Gentleman | Rui Itō | Hayato Kawai | |
| 2023 | In Love and Deep Water | | Yūsuke Taki | |
| 2023 | How to Find a Lover | | Kōji Maeda | |

### Television

| Year | Title | Role | Network | Notes |
| 2013 | Yamada-kun and the Seven Witches | Noa Takigawa | Fuji TV | |
| 2014 | GTO | Kaeko Furuya | Fuji TV | |
| 2014 | Hell Teacher Nūbē | Kyōko Inaba | NTV | |
| 2015 | Age Harassment | Rena Shiono | TV Asahi | |
| 2015 | Anohana: The Flower We Saw That Day | Naruko "Anaru" Anjō | Fuji TV | TV movie |
| 2016 | Kūfuku Anthology | Misaki | TV Tokyo | Lead role |
| 2016 | It's Not That I Can't Marry, I Don't Marry | Eri Saeki | TBS | |
| 2017 | Love Concierge Season 2 | Mai Nakase | Fuji TV | |
| 2017 | Three Dads | Hana Watanabe | TBS | |
| 2017 | Otona Koukou | Sakura Himetani | TV Asahi | |
| 2018 | Good Doctor | Shiori Morishita | Fuji TV | |
| 2019 | Secret Unrequited Love | Yumi Igarashi | TV Asahi | |
| 2019 | You Can't Expense This! | Kirika Nakajima | NHK | |
| 2020 | This Guy is the Biggest Mistake in My Life | Yui Sato | TV Asahi | |
| 2020 | In House Marriage Honey | Ami Haruta | MBS | Lead role |
| 2023 | Trillion Game | Aimi | TBS | Ep. 3 |
| 2024 | Hakubo no Chronicle | Akari Fusegi | Wowow | Lead role |
# Mbege

Mbege is a kind of banana drink traditional to the Chagga ethnic group of Tanzania located in Kilimanjaro region. It is an alcoholic drink made from fermented bananas. The process of making of mbege is labor-intensive and time-consuming as the majority of the process is done by hand without the aid of modern technology. The initial taste of mbege is said to be sweet and is followed by a slightly sour aftertaste.

## Process

The bananas are mashed and then cooked in a cooking pot over a fire for 6 hours. The product is then covered and left outside to ferment for up to 7 days. The fermented mixture is strained through shredded grass and banana leaves and a thick porridge made from the flour of finger millet and water is added to the strained liquid. A small amount of quinine-bark flour is then added to the mixture in order to tone down some of the sweetness of the bananas. It is then left to sit out for another day before it is ready to be consumed.

## In popular culture

* The process of making mbege was featured on Travel Channel's show Bizarre Foods with Andrew Zimmern.
# Lancang River Railway Bridge

The Lancang River Railway Bridge is an arch bridge under construction od Dali-Ruili Railway near city of Baoshan in western Yunnan Province, China. Once completed, the bridge will be one of the highest in world, sitting 271 m (889 ft) above the Lancang River. The bridge's main span will be 342 m (1,122 ft) making it also one of the longest arch bridges ever built. The bridge is expected to be completed in 2022.

## Design

Instead of using cable stays and tiebacks to build the arch, the two steel truss arch halves were built vertically on either side of the canyon slopes on top of scaffolding. While still in a vertical position, the two halves were then lowered over the gorge where they were connected at the crown. The total length of the bridge is 698 meters.

## Site

The site showcases three high spans including an older suspension bridge, the new railway bridge and a high pipeline suspension bridge that is the third-highest of its type in the world after the Hegigio Gorge Pipeline Bridge in Papua New Guinea and the Niouc Bridge in Switzerland.
The official height of the bridge is 271 meters, measured to the river's original surface. The construction of the Xiaowan Dam downstream created a reservoir that extends back under the bridge and raised the water level some 50 meters.
# Go Shindo

Go Hashimoto (橋本 浩, Hashimoto Gō) (formerly Megumi Hashimoto (橋本 めぐみ, Hashimoto Megumi); born 18 July 1987), also professionally known as Go Shindo (真道 ゴー, Shindō Gō), is a Japanese former professional boxer who held the WBC female flyweight title from 2013 to 2014. At regional level, she held the OPBF female flyweight title in 2011. in 2017, Go came out as transgender and has since retired from women's boxing.

## Career

On 25 May 2008, Go made his professional debut at the local Wakayama Prefectural Gymnasium in the match against former amateur Japanese champion Masae Akitaya which he lost by a unanimous decision. In 2012, he lost against Mariana Juárez for the WBC female flyweight title. Later in 2013, he won the WBC female flyweight title defeating then world champion Renáta Szebelédi via a 10 round unanimous decision at the Big Wave, Wakayama, Japan.

### Retirement

On 17 July 2017, Shindo announced that he underwent male assignment surgery and changed his legal name to Go Hashimoto. In the same announcement, he announced that he had married Ayuka, a non-celebrity cis-gender woman, and plans to submit a retirement notice.
On October 30, 2017, he announced his retirement from active boxing with a record of 16 wins (11KO) and 4 losses. He also indicated his intention to convert to a male professional boxer in the future.
# 1973 Montserratian general election

Early general elections were held in Montserrat on 20 September 1973. The result was a victory for the Progressive Democratic Party (PDP), which won five of the seven seats in the Legislative Council. PDP leader Percival Austin Bramble remained Chief Minister.

## Background

Following the 1970 elections, the next elections were not due until March 1976. However, Bramble asked the Governor to dissolve the Legislative Council on 7 August, resulting in early elections. Bramble claimed that he required a new mandate to combat racism in the island's education system.

## Results

| Party | Party | Votes | % | Seats | +/– |
| | Progressive Democratic Party | 2,279 | 65.24 | 5 | –2 |
| | Independents | 1,214 | 34.76 | 2 | +2 |
| Total | Total | 3,493 | 100.00 | 7 | 0 |
| Valid votes | Valid votes | 3,493 | 98.42 | | |
| Invalid/blank votes | Invalid/blank votes | 56 | 1.58 | | |
| Total votes | Total votes | 3,549 | 100.00 | | |
| Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | 5,051 | 70.26 | | |
| Source: Emmanuel ||||||
# Shvaughn Erin

Shvaughn Erin is a fictional character in the 30th and 31st centuries of the DC Comics Universe, appearing primarily as a supporting character in the various Legion of Super-Heroes series. A native of Earth, she is a member of the Science Police, the law enforcement arm of the United Planets. She was one of the first characters in superhero comics to be identified as transgender.

## Fictional biography
### Original continuity

Shvaughn Erin is an officer of the Science Police who helps the Legion of Super-Heroes battle Mordru, the Khunds, and the Dark Circle during the "Earthwar". Afterwards, she becomes the Police's liaison to the Legion and begins a relationship with Element Lad, a character whose sexual orientation had previously been ambiguous, and many readers had interpreted as a gay man.

### "Five Years Later"

During The Terra Mosaic storyline, Shvaughn breaks up with Element Lad. It is revealed that she is a transgender woman and was originally named Sean Erin. Deprived of the medication Profem – which transforms her physical appearance to female – she reverts to presenting as male.

### Post-Zero Hour

In post-Zero Hour continuity, Shvaughn Erin is again a female Science Police officer. Shrinking Violet, controlled by the Emerald Eye of Ekron, transports Shvaughn and several others to the 20th century before they eventually return home.
# Knieja, Żnin County

Knieja is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Barcin, within Żnin County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. It lies approximately 3 kilometres (2 mi) north-west of Barcin, 15 km (9 mi) east of Żnin, and 29 km (18 mi) south of Bydgoszcz.
# Le Grand High School

Le Grand High School is a public high school located in Le Grand, California.

## Statistics

In the 2016–17 school year, the school had a total of 463 students.
| African American | African American | African American | Hispanic/Latino | American Indian | Asian | White | Not Reported |
| 0.9% | 0.9% | 0.9% | 86.4% | 1.3% | 0.6% | 6% | 4.8% |
# I-bundle

In mathematics, an I-bundle is a fiber bundle whose fiber is an interval and whose base is a manifold. Any kind of interval, open, closed, semi-open, semi-closed, open-bounded, compact, even rays, can be the fiber. An I-bundle is said to be twisted if it is not trivial.
Two simple examples of I-bundles are the annulus and the Möbius band, the only two possible I-bundles over the circle $S^{1}$. The annulus is a trivial or untwisted bundle because it corresponds to the Cartesian product $S^{1}\times I$, and the Möbius band is a non-trivial or twisted bundle. Both bundles are 2-manifolds, but the annulus is an orientable manifold while the Möbius band is a non-orientable manifold.
Curiously, there are only two kinds of I-bundles when the base manifold is any surface but the Klein bottle $K$. That surface has three I-bundles: the trivial bundle $K\times I$ and two twisted bundles.
Together with the Seifert fiber spaces, I-bundles are fundamental elementary building blocks for the description of three-dimensional spaces. These observations are simple well known facts on elementary 3-manifolds.
Line bundles are both I-bundles and vector bundles of rank one. When considering I-bundles, one is interested mostly in their topological properties and not their possible vector properties, as one might be for line bundles.

## See Also

* Khovanov homology
# Miguel Albiol

Miguel Albiol Tortajada (Valencian pronunciation:; born 2 September 1981) is a Spanish former professional footballer who played mainly as a right midfielder.
In a 16-year career, he amassed Segunda División totals of 178 matches and two goals over seven seasons, in representation of three clubs. In La Liga, he appeared for Valencia.

## Club career

Born in Vilamarxant, Valencian Community, Albiol was a product of hometown Valencia's youth ranks as younger brother Raúl after him, and played once with its first team, during 2002–03's La Liga. He finished that season in the Segunda División with Real Murcia, featuring regularly en route to the club's promotion.
Released by the Che, Albiol spent a further year with Recreativo de Huelva (also second tier), then had a steady period with Rayo Vallecano. He was instrumental in the latter side's 2008 promotion to division two, after four consecutive playoff failures.
In July 2009, apparently after having everything arranged with Hércules, Albiol agreed on a return move to Murcia, signing for three years. He appeared in 30 games in his first season – 22 starts – which ended in second-division relegation.

## Personal life

Albiol's younger brother, Raúl, was also a footballer. He represented with success Valencia, Real Madrid, Napoli, Villarreal and the Spain national team.