# List of historians by area of study

This is a list of historians categorized by their area of study. See also List of historians and List of women historians by area of study.

## By time period
### Ancient history

* Sedat Alp (1913, Veroia, The Ottoman Empire - 2006, Ankara, Türkiye) Hittitolog- Historian, Ancient Anatolian
* Ekrem Akurgal (1911, Haifa, The Ottoman Empire- 2002, İzmir, Türkiye) Archaeologist- Historian, Ancient Anatolian
* Leonie Archer (born 1955) – Graeco-Roman Palestine
* Mary Beard (born 1955)
* Anatoly Bokschanin (1903–1979) – Roman history
* Fernand Braudel (1902, Luméville-en-Ornois, France - 1985, Cluses, France ) Roman history
* Thomas Robert Shannon Broughton (1900–1993) – Roman history and prosopography
* Halet Çambel (1916, Berlin, Germany- 2014, İstanbul, Türkiye) Archaeologist- Historian, Ancient Anatolian
* Michael Crawford (born 1939)
* Roland Étienne (born 1944, French) – Ancient Greece and Hellenistic period
* Moses Finley (1912–1986)
* Edward Gibbon (1737–1794) – The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire
* Adrian Goldsworthy (born 1969, British) – Roman history
* Peter Green (1924–2024) – Ancient Greece and Macedon
* Herodotus
* Keith Hopkins (1934–2004) - Roman history
* Muazzez İlmiye Çığ (1914–2024, Bursa-Türkiye) Sumerologist, Sumerian history
* Josephus
* Yuliya Kolosovskaya (1920–2002) – Roman history and Roman provinces of the Danube
* Sergey Kovalev (1886–1960) – Hellenistic and Roman period
* Mikhail Kublanov (1914–1998)
* Barbara Levick (1931–2023) – Roman emperors
* Livy
* Ramsay MacMullen (1928–2022) – History of Rome
* Nikolai Mashkin (1900–1950) – Roman history
* Fergus Millar (1935–2019)
* Theodor Mommsen (1817–1903) History of Rome
* Barthold Georg Niebuhr (1776–1831) – Roman history
* Orosius
* Tahsin Özgüç (1916, Kardzhali, The Ottoman Empire- 2005, Ankara, Türkiye) Archaeologist- Historian, Ancient Anatolian
* Edward Togo Salmon (1905–1988) - Roman history
* Howard Hayes Scullard (1903–1983) – Roman civilization
* Mariya Sergeyenko (1891–1987) – Roman agriculture and daily life
* Ram Sharan Sharma (1919–2011) – Ancient India
* Elena Shtaerman (1914–1991) – Roman history
* Suetonius
* Ronald Syme (1903–1989) – Classical period
* Tacitus
* Joseph Tainter (born 1949)
* Lily Ross Taylor (1886–1969) - Roman history
* Thucydides
* Andrew Wallace-Hadrill (born 1951)
* Max Weber (1864–1920)
* Xenophon
* Polybius

### Medieval history

* John Van Antwerp Fine Jr. (born 1939) - American medievalist specialized in the history of Central and Southeastern Europe, and Balkans
* Ram Sharan Sharma (1919–2011) – early medieval History of India
* Hakim Syed Zillur Rahman (born 1940) – historian of medieval medicine
* Placido Puccinelli (1609–1685, Italian) – Northern Italy in the 10th century and the Florentine church
* Marc Bloch (1886–1944, French) – Medieval France
* John Boswell (1947–1994, American) – Homosexuality in the Middle Ages
* Norman Cantor (1930–2004)
* Georges Duby (1924–1996, French) – Specialized in the history of France between the Capets and the Valois
* François-Louis Ganshof (1895–1980), Belgian – wrote on early medieval institutional history and feudalism
* Geoffrey of Monmouth
* Giraldus Cambrensis
* Johan Huizinga (1872–1945, Dutch) – cultural history, wrote Waning of the Middle Ages
* Jacques Le Goff (1924–2014, French) – Middle Ages, particularly the 12th and 13th centuries
* Rev. F. X. Martin (1922–2000, Irish) – Mediævalist and campaigner
* Rosamond McKitterick (born 1949) – Frankish and Carolingian history
* Henri Pirenne (1862–1935) – the "Pirenne Thesis" of early Medieval development
* Eileen Power (1889–1940) – Middle Ages
* Miri Rubin (born 1956) – social and religious history, 1100–1500
* Steven Runciman (1903–2000) – the Crusades
* Richard Southern (1912–2001)
* Sidney Painter (1902–1960)
* John Julius Norwich (1929–2018)
* John V. Tolan (born 1959)
* Chris Wickham (born 1950)
* Retha Warnicke (born 1939)
* Aaron Gurevich (1924–2006)
* Jerome Lee Shneidman (1929–2008) – psychohistory
* Michael Prestwich (born 1943)
* Alessandro Barbero (born 1959)
* Dick Harrison (born 1966)
* Satish Chandra (1922–2017)
* Irfan Habib (born 1931)
* Michel Kaplan (born 1946, French) – Byzantinist
* Gina Fasoli (1905–1992) – medieval cities, feudal society, and Lombardy

## By nation or geographical area
### North America
#### History of Canada

* Donald Creighton (1902–1979) – Developed the Laurentian thesis
* William J. Eccles (1917–1998) – History of New France
* Lionel Groulx (1878–1967) – The history of Quebec in particular and French North America in general
* Harold Innis (1894–1952) – Economic historian of Canada
* Jack Granatstein (born 1939) – Political and Military historian of Canada
* W.L. Morton (1908–1980) – Expert on western Canada
See also List of Canadian historians.

#### History of the Caribbean

* Kamau Brathwaite (1930–2020)
* Aviva Chomsky (born 1957)
* C. L. R. James (1901–1989)
* Lucille M. Mair (1924–2009)
* Walter Rodney (1942–1980)
* Eric Williams (1911–1981) – Focused on slavery and the slave trade, condemned imperialism
* Betty Wood (1945–2021)

#### History of the United States

* Henry Adams (1838–1918) – history of the United States in the presidential administrations of Thomas Jefferson and James Madison
* Stephen Ambrose (1936–2002) – biographer of Presidents Dwight D. Eisenhower and Richard M. Nixon
* Edward L. Ayers (born 1953) – U.S. South, founder of the Institute for Advanced Technology in the Humanities (IATH) and Digital Scholarship Lab
* George Bancroft (1800–1891) – wrote first large-scale history of the US
* Charles A. Beard (1874–1948) – revisionist history of Founding Fathers suggesting monetary motivations
* Samuel Flagg Bemis (1891–1973) – U.S. foreign policy; won two Pulitzer Prizes
* Ira Berlin (1941–2018) - Slavery
* William Brandon (1914–2002) – historian of the American West and Native Americans.
* Holly Brewer (born 1964) – early American History
* Alan Brinkley (1949–2019) – historian of the Great Depression
* David H. Burton - U.S. historian and biographer of presidents Theodore Roosevelt and William Howard Taft as well as Clara Barton and Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr.
* Bruce Catton (1899–1978) – American Civil War
* William Cronon (born 1954) – American environmental history, the frontier in New England, and the American West
* J. Frank Dobie (1888–1964) – historian of Texas and the Southwestern United States
* David Herbert Donald (1920–2009)
* W. E. B. Du Bois (1868–1963) – historian of the Reconstruction
* Drew Gilpin Faust (born 1947) – Civil War, culture of death, and the Confederacy
* Robert H. Ferrell (1921–2018) – Harry S. Truman, the 20th-century U.S. presidency, World War I
* Eric Foner (born 1943) – Civil War and Reconstruction
* John Hope Franklin (1915–2009) – historian of African Americans
* John A. Garraty (1920–2007) – biography
* Elizabeth Fox-Genovese (1941–2007) – Southern slavery, women's history
* Doris Kearns Goodwin (born 1943) - U.S. presidents, won a Pulitzer Prize in 1995 for No Ordinary Time: Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt: The Home Front in World War II
* Richard Hofstadter (1916–1970) – Progressivism and U.S. political history
* Daniel Walker Howe - political and intellectual history of the early republic and antebellum period
* Peter Iverson – 20th century U.S. West/Native American history (emphasis in Navajo history)
* Paul Johnson (born 1928) – author of A History of the American People and a biographer of George Washington
* Winthrop Jordan (1931–2007) – African-American history
* Willard L. King (1893–1981) – biography and law
* David Lavender (1910–2003) – Western United States
* David McCullough (1933–2022) – general study, most notable work is recent biography of John Adams
* James M. McPherson (born 1936) – American Civil War
* Pauline Maier (1938–2013) – late Colonial, Revolution, Constitution
* D. W. Meinig (1924–2020) – geographic history of America
* Philip D. Morgan (born 1949) – slavery
* David Nasaw (born 1945) – biography and U.S. cultural history
* Francis Parkman (1823–1893) – historian of the French and Indian War
* William B. Pickett (born 1940)
* David Pietrusza (born 1949) - 20th century presidential elections; biography
* Dominic Sandbrook (born 1974) – political history of the 1960s and 1970s
* Arthur Schlesinger Sr. (1888–1965)
* Arthur Schlesinger Jr. (1917–2007)
* Cornelius Cole Smith, Jr. (1913–2004) – historian of Arizona, California and the Southwestern United States
* Jean Edward Smith (1932–2019) – biography, foreign policy, political economy, constitutional law, legal history, and politics
* Irma Tam Soong (1912–2001) – history of Chinese immigration in Hawaii
* Frederick Jackson Turner (1861–1932) – developed the Frontier Thesis
* Frank Vandiver (1925–2005)
* Woodrow Wilson (1856-1924) - pre-Colonial America to the early 20th century
* Alexander Scott Withers (1792–1865) – primary accounts of colonial western Virginia conflicts
* Sean Wilentz (born 1951) - political, social, and cultural history
* Betty Wood (1945–2021) – early American history
* Gordon S. Wood (born 1933) - American Revolution
* C. Vann Woodward (1908–1999) – Southern United States
* Howard Zinn (1922–2010) – political scientist and historian of the United States, known for A People's History of the United States

### Latin America
#### History of Latin America

See also Category:Historians of Latin America
* Jeremy Adelman (born 1960)
* Marc Becker
* David Brading (1936-2024)
* Aviva Chomsky (born 1957)
* James Dunkerley (born 1953)
* Mark Falcoff (born 1941)
* Ann Farnsworth-Alvear
* Charles Gibson (born 1943)
* Mike Gonzalez (born 1943)
* Clarence H. Haring (1885–1960)
* Daniel James (born 1948)
* Kenneth Maxwell (born 1941)
* William H. Prescott (1796–1859)
* Peter Winn
* John Wirth (1936–2002)
* John Womack (born 1937)
* Leslie Bethell (born 1937)

#### Brazil

* Boris Fausto (1930–2023)
* Lilia Moritz Schwarcz (born 1957)

#### Chile

* Alonso de Góngora Marmolejo (1523–1575)
* Pedro Mariño de Lobera (1528–1594)
* Vicente Carvallo y Goyeneche (1742–1816)

#### Peru

* Jorge Basadre (1903–1980)
* Raúl Porras Barrenechea (1897–1960)
* María Rostworowski (1915–2016)

### Europe
#### History of Europe

* Patricia Clavin (born 1964) – international relations and transnational relations
* Norman Davies (born 1939) – Europe as a whole
* Tony Judt (1948–2010) – post 1945
* Elizabeth Eisenstein (1923–2016) – early printing and transitions in media
* Julia P. Gelardi – royal history of 19th and 20th centuries
* John Lukacs (1924–2019) – Cold War
* Henri-Jean Martin (1924–2007) – early printing and writing
* Effie Pedaliu – history of Italian war crimes and Cold War
* Henri Pirenne (1862–1935) – Belgium
* Walter Alison Phillips (1864–1950)
* Andrew Roberts (born 1963) – Second World War
* John Roberts (1928–2003) – Europe
* J. Salwyn Schapiro (1879–1973)
* Norman Stone (1941–2019)
* Charlotte Zeepvat – royal history of 19th and 20th centuries

#### History of Albania

* Stavro Skëndi (1905–1989)

#### History of Belgium

* Henri Pirenne (1862–1935) – Middle Ages
* Sophie de Schaepdrijver (born 1961) – World War I
* Herman Van der Wee (born 1928) – social and economic history

#### History of Bosnia and Herzegovina

* İbrahim Peçevi (1572–1650)
* Antun Knežević (1834–1889)
* Bono Benić (1708–1785)
* Hamdija Kreševljaković (1888–1959)
* Smail Balić (1920–2002)
* Enver Redžić (1915–2009)
* Marko Vego (1907–1985) – medievalist & archaeologists
* Mustafa Imamović (1941–2017)
* Salmedin Mesihović (born 1975) – medievalist & archaeologists

#### History of England and Britain

* Donald Adamson (born 1939) – British
* Robert C. Allen (born 1947) – British economic
* Perry Anderson (born 1938) – British; European history
* Leonie Archer (born 1955) – British
* Karen Armstrong (born 1944) – religious
* Gerald Aylmer (1926–2000) – British; administrative history
* Bernard Bailyn (1922–2020) – Atlantic migration
* Onyeka – Black Britons
* The Venerable Bede (672–735) – Britain from 55 BC to 731 AD
* Brian Bond (born 1936) – military
* Asa Briggs (1921–2016) – British social.
* Herbert Butterfield (1900–1979) – historiography
* Angus Calder (1942–2008) – Second World War
* David Cannadine (born 1950) – Modern Britain, British business and philanthropy
* J.C.D. Clark (born 1951) – 18th century
* Linda Colley (born 1949) – 18th century
* Patrick Collinson (1929–2011) – Elizabethan England & Puritanism
* Maurice Cowling (1926–2005) – 19th and 20th century politics
* John Darwin (born 1948) – British Empire
* John Davies (1938–2015) - Wales
* Susan Doran – Elizabethan
* Jennifer Kewley Draskau – Manx history, Tudor history
* Eamon Duffy (born 1947) – religious history of the 15th–17th centuries
* Harold James Dyos (1921–1978) – urban
* Geoffrey Rudolph Elton (1921–1994) – Tudor period
* Charles Harding Firth (1857–1936) – political history of the 17th century
* Antonia Fraser (born 1932) – 17th century
* William Gibson (born 1959) – ecclesiastical history
* Samuel Rawson Gardiner (1829–1902) – political history of the 17th century
* Ruth Goodman (born 1963) – early modern
* Andrew Gordon (born 1951) – naval
* Geoffrey of Monmouth (died c. 1154) – England
* Élie Halévy (1870–1937) - British 19th century
* Mary Dormer Harris (1867–1936) - medievalist, local history of Coventry
* Edward Hasted (1732–1812) – Kent
* Max Hastings (born 1945) – military, Second World War
* J. H. Hexter (1910–1996) – England in the 17th century
* Christopher Hill (1912–2003) – England in the 17th century
* Gertrude Himmelfarb (1922–2019) – social and cultural history of the Victorian period
* Eric Hobsbawn (1917–2012) – Marxist British history
* David Hume (1711–1776) – Scottish Enlightenment philosopher and author of the six volume History of England (originally History of Britain)
* Edward Hyde, 1st Earl of Clarendon (1609–1674) – English Civil Wars
* John Edward Lloyd (1861–1947) – early Welsh history
* Thomas Babington Macaulay, 1st Baron Macaulay (1800–1859) – English writer and historian whose most famous work was The History of England from the Accession of James the Second
* John Morrill (born 1946) Seventeenth-century political and military history
* Lewis Bernstein Namier (1888–1960) – political history of the 18th century
* Kenneth Morgan (born 1934) – modern Wales
* Steven Pincus – 17th and 18th century England
* Andrew Roberts (born 1963) – Political biographies, 19th and 20th centuries
* A. L. Rowse (1903–1997) – Cornish history and Elizabethan England
* Dominic Sandbrook (born 1974) – Britain in the 1960s and after
* John Robert Seeley (1834–1895) – British political history of the modern period
* Jack Simmons (1915–2000) – railways, topography
* Paul Slack (born 1943) – Early Modern British Social history
* David Spring (1918–2004) - British 19th century
* David Starkey (born 1945) – Tudor historian and TV presenter
* Lawrence Stone (1919–1999) – English society and the history of the family
* Keith Thomas (born 1933) – Early Modern English Society
* E. P. Thompson (1924–1993) – British working class
* George Macaulay Trevelyan (1876–1962) – English history (many different periods)
* Hugh Trevor-Roper, Baron Dacre of Glanton (1914–2003) – Britain in the 17th century
* Retha Warnicke (born 1939) – Tudor history and gender issues
* Andy Wood (born 1967) – British social historian, 1500 to present
* Daniel Woolf (born 1958) – Early Modern England and History of Historical Writing
* Cicely Veronica Wedgwood (1910–1997) – British
* G. M. Young (1882–1959) - Victorian England
* Perez Zagorin (1920–2009) – 16th and 17th centuries

#### History of the British Empire

* Antoinette Burton
* Robert Bickers (born 1964)
* Richard Drayton (born 1964)
* Gerald S. Graham (1903–1988)
* Vincent T. Harlow (1898–1961)
* Wm. Roger Louis (born 1936)
* P. J. Marshall (born 1933)
* David Quinn (1909–2002)
* D. M. Schurman (1924–2013)
* Archibald Paton Thornton (1921–2004)
* Glyndwr Williams (born 1932)

#### History of Croatia

* Johannes Lucius (1604–1679)
* Pavao Ritter Vitezović (1652–1713)
* Franjo Rački (1828–1894)
* Tadija Smičiklas (1843–1914)
* Vjekoslav Klaić (1849–1928)
* Ferdo Šišić (1869–1940)
* Nada Klaić (1920–1988)
* Mirjana Gross (1922–2012)
* Trpimir Macan (born 1935)
* Ivo Banac (1947–2020)
* Radoslav Katičić (1930–2019)

#### History of Finland

* Kesar Ordin (1835–1892)
* Mikhail Borodkin (1852–1919)

#### History of France

* Marc Bloch (1886–1944) – medieval France
* Jean-Jacques Becker (born 1928) - French historian of contemporary history
* Vincent Cronin (1924–2011) – Louis XIV, Louis XVI, Marie Antoinette, Napoleon, and Paris
* Natalie Zemon Davis (born 1928) – early modern France
* Georges Duby (1924–1996) – medieval France
* Lucien Febvre (1878–1956) – French historian
* Alistair Horne (1925–2017) – modern French military history
* Julian Jackson (born 1954) – 20th century France
* Douglas Johnson (1925–2005) – historian of modern France
* Simon Kitson (born c. 1967) – historian of Vichy France
* Emmanuel Le Roy Ladurie (1929–2023) – history of the French peasantry
* Michael Marrus (born 1941) – Vichy France
* John M. Merriman (born 1946) - French Historian
* Jules Michelet (1798–1874) – French historian
* Roland Mousnier (1907–1993) – early modern France
* Robert Roswell Palmer (1909–2002) – French revolution
* Robert Paxton (born 1932) – Vichy France
* Pierre Renouvin (1893–1974) – French diplomatic history
* Andrew Roberts (born 1963) – Napoleon
* John C. Rule (1929–2013) – 17th and 18th century France
* Zeev Sternhell (1935–2020) – French fascism
* Richard Vaughan (1927–2014) – Valois Burgundy
* Eugen Weber (1925–2007) – modern French history
* John B. Wolf (1907–1996) – French history
* Isser Woloch (born 1937) – 18th century France
* Gordon Wright (1912–2000)
* Robert J. Young (born 1942) – the Third Republic
    See also List of historians of the French Revolution.

#### History of Germany

* Celia Applegate – music history and nationalism
* David Blackbourn (born 1949)
* Gisela Bock (born 1942)
* Horst Boog (1928–2016) – military history
* Karl Dietrich Bracher (1922–2016)
* Martin Broszat (1926–1989)
* Alan Bullock (1914–2004)
* Robert Citino (born 1958) – military history
* Gordon A. Craig (1913–2005)
* Richard J. Evans (born 1947)
* Joachim Fest (1926–2006)
* Fritz Fischer (1908–1999)
* Luise Gerbing (1855–1927), history of Thuringia
* Deborah Hertz (born 1949)
* Klaus Hildebrand (born 1941)
* Andreas Hillgruber (1925–1989)
* Jonathan House (born 1950)
* Christian Hartmann (born 1959) – military history
* Gerhard Hirschfeld (born 1946) – 20th century German social, World War I & II
* Eberhard Jäckel (1929–2017)
* Ian Kershaw (born 1943)
* Klemens von Klemperer (1916–2012)
* Ernst Klink (1923–1993) – military history
* Claudia Koonz (born 1940)
* Dieter Langewiesche (born 1943)
* Timothy Mason (1940–1990)
* Frank McDonough (born 1957)
* Wendy Lower (born 1965) – history of National Socialism
* Geoffrey P. Megargee (born 1959) – military history
* Friedrich Meinecke (1862–1954)
* Hans Mommsen (1930–2015)
* Wolfgang Mommsen (1930–2004)
* George Mosse (1918–1999)
* Ernst Nolte (1923–2016)
* Steven Ozment (1939–2019)
* Detlev Peukert (1950–1990)
* Koppel Pinson (1904–1961)
* Gerhard Ritter (1888–1967)
* Hans Rothfels (1891–1976)
* David Schoenbaum (born 1935)
* Jean Edward Smith (1932–2019)
* Ronald Smelser (born 1942)
* Louis Leo Snyder (1907–1993)
* Fritz Stern (1926–2016)
* David Stahel (born 1975)
* Michael Stürmer (born 1938)
* Heinrich von Treitschke (1834–1896)
* A.J.P. Taylor (1906–1990)
* Hugh Trevor-Roper (1914–2003) – British historian and peer who specialized on Nazi leadership and incorrectly verified the authenticity of The Hitler Diaries
* Henry Ashby Turner (1932–2008)
* Gerd R. Ueberschär (born 1943) – military history
* Bernd Wegner (born 1949) – military history and history of National Socialism
* Hans-Ulrich Wehler (1931–2014)
* Wolfram Wette (born 1940) – military history and history of National Socialism
* John Wheeler-Bennett (1902–1975)
* Jay Winter (born 1945)
* Michael Wolffsohn (born 1947)
* Gordon Wright (1912–2000) – Germany – 19th and 20th centuries
* David T. Zabecki (born 1947) – military history
* Alfred-Maurice de Zayas (born 1947)
* Rainer Zitelmann (born 1957)

#### History of the Habsburg monarchy

* John Komlos (born 1944) – economic

#### History of Ireland

* Mary Bonaventure Browne (after 1610–after 1670), Poor Clare and historian
* Ann Buckley
* Francis John Byrne (1934–2017)
* John Clyn (fl. 1333–1349)
* James Donnelly (born 1943) – Irish social history
* Brian Farrell (1929–2014)
* Roy Foster (born 1949)
* Kathleen Hughes (1926–1977)
* Geoffrey Keating
* J.J. Lee (born 1942) – 20th century Ireland
* James Francis Lydon (1928–2013)
* F.S.L. Lyons (1923–1983) – modern Ireland
* Oliver MacDonagh (1924–2002) – modern Ireland
* Dermot MacDermot (1906–1989)
* Dubhaltach MacFhirbhisigh (fl. 1643–1671)
* Gilla Isa Mor mac Donnchadh MacFhirbhisigh (fl. 1390–1418)
* Muirchu moccu Machtheni (fl. late 7th century)
* Flann Mainistrech (died 1056)
* F.X. Martin (1922–2000)
* Kenneth Nicholls
* Adhamh Ó Cianáin (died 1373)
* Mícheál Ó Cléirigh (c. 1590–1643)
* Dáibhí Ó Cróinín (born 1954)
* Eugene O'Curry (1794–1862)
* John O'Donovan (1806–1861)
* Seán Mór Ó Dubhagáin (died 1372)
* Pilip Ballach Ó Duibhgeannáin (fl. 1579–1590)
* Ruaidhrí Ó Flaithbheartaigh (1629–1718)
* Nollaig Ó Muraíle
* Tírechán (fl. late 7th century)
* Father Paul Walsh (1885–1941)
* Sir James Ware (1594–1666)

#### History of Italy

* Lorenzo Arnone Sipari (born 1973) – social and environmental Italian history
* R.J.B. Bosworth (born 1943) – Fascism, Mussolini
* Benedetto Croce (1866–1952) – philosophy of history, modern Italian history
* Vincent Cronin (1924–2011) – Renaissance art and Sicily
* Renzo De Felice (1929–1996) – Fascism, biographer of Mussolini
* John Foot (born 1964) – modern Italy history, The City
* Emilio Gentile (born 1946) – Fascism
* Carlo Ginzburg (born 1939) – witchcraft and agrarian cults, microhistory
* Alessandra Kersevan (born 1950) – Italian concentration camps
* Claudio Pavone (1920–2016) – Italian fascism, World War II, anti-fascism
* Effie Pedaliu – Italian war crimes
* John Pollard (born 1944) – The church and Fascism
* Paul Ginsborg (born 1945) – The Risorgimento, Italian modern and contemporary history
* Lucy Riall (born 1962) – The Risorgimento, Garibaldi, Sicily
* Gaetano Salvemini (1873–1957) – Fascism, French Revolution
* Denis Mack Smith (1920–2017) – Italian modern history
* Arrigo Petacco (1929–2018) – Fascism

#### History of Moldova/Bessarabia

* Nicolae Iorga (1871–1940)
* Ion Nistor (1876–1962)
* Petre Cazacu (1873–1956)
* Charles King (born 1967)
* Igor Casu (born 1973)
* Gh. Cojocaru (born 1963)

#### History of the Netherlands

* Jaap R. Bruijn (born 1938)
* Femme Gaastra (born 1945)
* Pieter Geyl (1887–1966)
* John Lothrop Motley (1814–1877)
* Jonathan Israel (born 1946)
* G. J. Renier (1892–1962)
* Herbert H. Rowen (1916–1999)
* Simon Schama (born 1945)

#### History of Poland

* Norman Davies (born 1939) – modern Polish history
* Robert I. Frost (born 1958) — modern Polish history
* Pawel Jasienica (1909–1970) – Polish amateur historian
* Wickham Steed (1871–1956)

#### History of Portugal

* José Hermano Saraiva (1919–2012)
* A. H. de Oliveira Marques (1933–2007) – early modern period
* José Mattoso (born 1933) – medieval history
* Fernando Rosas (born 1946) – contemporary history

#### History of Romania

* Lucian Boia (born 1944)
* Bogdan Petriceicu Hasdeu (1838–1907)
* Nicolae Iorga (1871–1940)
* Mihail Kogalniceanu (1817–1891)
* Irina Livezeanu (born 1952)
* David Mitrany (1888–1975)
* Vladimir Tismaneanu (born 1951)
* Alexandru D. Xenopol (1847–1920)
* Alexandru Zub (born 1934)

#### History of Russia

* Nicholas Bethell (1938–2007)
* Robert Conquest (1917–2015) – Soviet Union
* Vincent Cronin (1924–2011) – Catherine the Great
* Orlando Figes (born 1959)
* Patricia Kennedy Grimsted (born 1935) – post-Soviet archives
* Geoffrey Hosking (born 1942)
* Lindsey Hughes (1949–2007) - C17th and C18th
* Leopold Labedz (1920–1993)
* Roy Medvedev (born 1925)
* Robin Milner-Gulland (born 1936) - cultural history
* Richard Pipes (1923–2018) – Soviet Union
* William Taubman (born 1941) – Nikita Khrushchev
* Peter Kenez (born 1937) – Soviet Union and Soviet cinema
* Robert Service (born 1947)
* Adam Ulam (1922–2000)
* Anne Applebaum (born 1964) – Gulag history
* Sheila Fitzpatrick (born 1941) – everyday life under Stalinism
* Nicolas Werth (born 1950) – political repressions
* Nikita Petrov (born 1957) – political repressions
* Viktor Danilov (1927–2016) – history of collectivization
* Oleg Khlevniuk (born 1959) – Stalin and Politburo
* Moshe Lewin (1921–2010) – collectivization
* David Shearer (born 1957) – Stalinist repressions

#### History of Serbia

* Vladimir Ćorović (1885–1941)
* Sima Ćirković (1929–2009)
* Rade Mihaljčić (1937–2020)
* Stojan Novaković (1842–1915)
* Stanoje Stanojević (1874–1937)
* Jovan I. Deretić (1939–2021)

#### History of Scotland

* G. W. S. Barrow (1924–2013)
* Steve Boardman
* Hector Boece (1465–1536)
* George Buchanan (1506–1582)
* Gilbert Burnet (1643–1715)
* Tom Devine
* John of Fordun
* Christopher Harvie (born 1944)
* Colin Kidd (born 1964)
* Michael Lynch (born 1946)
* Norman Macdougall
* Rosalind Mitchison (1919–2002)
* Richard Oram
* T.C. Smout (born 1933) - Scottish social history
* Nigel Tranter (1909–2000)
* Christopher Whatley
* Jenny Wormald (1942–2015)

##### Historiographer Royal of Scotland

* James Fall, 1682
* William Robertson (1721–1793), 1763–1793
* John Gillies (1747–1836), 1793–1836
* George Brodie (1786–1967), 1836–1867
* John Hill Burton (1809–1881), 1867–1881
* William Forbes Skene (1809–1892), 1881–1893
* David Masson (1822–1907), 1893–1908
* Peter Hume Brown (1849–1918), 1908–1919
* Robert Rait (1874–1936), 1919–1930
* Robert Kerr Hannay(1867–1940), FRSE, 1930–1940
* J. D. Mackie (1887–1978), OBE, 1958–1978
* Gordon Donaldson (1913–1993), CBE, 1979–1993
* Christopher Smout (born 1933), CBE, since 1993

#### History of Slovakia

* Vojtech Čelko (born 1946) – political and cultural history of Central Europe in the 20th century; history of Czechoslovak exile after 1948
* Ladislav Deák (1931–2011) – foreign policy of Central European states and Yugoslavia in the interwar period; history of Hungarian-Slovak foreign relationships
* Gabriela Dudeková (born 1968) – social policy of Austria-Hungary; situation of POWs and civilians in World War I; history of feminism and gender studies
* Ivan Kamenec (born 1938) – Holocaust in Slovakia; diplomacy in Central Europe in the interwar period and during World War II
* Adam František Kollár (1718–1783) – influential jurist, historian and ethnologist, who coined the term ethnology
* Peter Kopecký – history of diplomacy and foreign policy of Slovakia
* Juraj Marusiak (born 1970) – history of Slovak-Polish relationships; modern history of Central and Eastern Europe
* Thomas Spira (1923–2005) – study of nationalism and ethnicity (born and raised in Slovakia)
* Pavel Jozef Šafárik (1795–1861) – philologist, poet, Slavist, literary historian and ethnographer
* Štefan Šutaj (born 1954) – history of Hungarian minority in Czechoslovakia; Slovak civic (non-communist) political parties after 1945
* Zora Mintalová – Zubercová (born 1950) – food history and material culture of Central Europe

#### History of Slovenia

* Bogo Grafenauer (1916–1995)
* Alessandra Kersevan (born 1950) – Italian concentration camps
* Vasilij Melik (1921–2009) – Slovene Lands in the 19th century.
* Jože Pirjevec (born 1940) – Foibe massacres
* Milica Kacin Wohinz (born 1930) – Italianization of Slovenes between 1918 and 1943
* Marta Verginella (born 1960) – history of the Slovene minority in Italy (1920–1947)

#### History of Spain

* Ida Altman (born 1950) – Early modern Spain, colonial Latin America
* Roger Collins (born 1949) – medieval history, Spain, Visigothic Spain, history of Muslim Spain
* Rafael Núñez Florencio (born 1956)
* Julian Ribera y Tarragó (1858–1934) – Spain, history of the Book, medieval history, history of Muslim Spain
* Julia Pavón (born 1968) – medieval history of Navarra
* Joseph Pérez (1931–2020) - history of the Spanish Empire.

#### History of Sweden

* Peter Englund (born 1957)
* Anders Fryxell (1795–1881)
* Erik Gustaf Geijer (1783–1847)
* Jan Glete (1947–2009)
* Carl Grimberg (1875–1941)
* Dick Harrison (born 1966)
* Ragnhild Hatton (1913–1995) – biographer of King Charles XII
* Sten Lindroth (1914–1980)
* Erik Lönnroth (1910–2002)
* Olaus Magnus (1490–1557)
* Samuel von Pufendorf (1632–1694)
* Erik Ringmar (born 1960)
* Michael Roberts (1908–1996)
* John Robinson (1650–1723)
* Curt Weibull (1886–1991)
* Lauritz Weibull (1873–1960)

#### History of Yugoslavia

* Ivo Banac (1947–2020)
* Misha Glenny (born 1958)
* Barbara Jelavich (1923–1995) – wrote extensively on Balkan history, along with her husband Charles Jelavich
* John R. Lampe – author of Yugoslavia As History: Twice There Was a Country
* Stevan K. Pavlowitch (born 1933)
* Catherine Samary – author of Yugoslavia Dismembered
* Stephen Schwartz (born 1948)
* Jozo Tomasevich (1908–1994)

### Europe and Asia
#### History of The Republic of Turkey and Turkish Empires

* Halil İnalcık (1916–2016), İstanbul, Türkiye), history of the Ottoman Empire and the Republic of Turkey
* İlber Ortaylı (born 1947, Bregen, Österreich), history of the Ottoman Empire and the Republic of Turkey
* Heath W. Lowry (born 1942, America), history of the Ottoman Empire and modern Turkey
* Mehmet Fuat Köprülü (1890–1966, İstanbul, Türkiye), Turcologist and historian, history of the Ottoman Empire and the Republic of Turkey
* Yusuf Halaçoğlu (born 1949, Adana, Türkiye), history of the Ottoman Empire and the Republic of Turkey
* Reşat Ekrem Koçu (1905–1975, İstanbul, Türkiye), writer and historian, history of the Ottoman Empire
* Ahmed Cevad Pasha (Kabaağaçlızade Ahmet Cevat Paşa) (1851–1900, İstanbul, Türkiye), Ottoman statesman (Grand Vizier), history of the Ottoman Empire
* Aşıkpaşazade (Âşıkpasazâde Derviş Ahmet Âşıkî) (yak. 1400, Amasya–yak. 1484), Ottoman Empire/ Türkiye) history of the Ottoman Empire
* Ibn Kemal (Kemal Paşazade (ibn-i Kemâl)) (1468–1534, The Ottoman Empire/Türkiye), Ottoman statesman, history of the Ottoman Empire
* Koçi Bey (Mustafa Koçi Bey) (?–1650, The Ottoman Empire/Türkiye), Ottoman statesman, history of the Ottoman Empire
* Katip Çelebi (Haci Halife Kalfa) (1609–1657, İstanbul, The Ottoman Empire/Türkiye), history of the Ottoman Empire

### Asia
#### Middle East

* George Antonius (1891–1941) – historian of Arab nationalism
* Vincent Cronin (1924–2011) – study of the Faiqani tribe of South Persia
* Neilson Debevoise (1903–1992) – history of the Parthian Empire
* Caroline Finkel
* Hamilton Alexander Rosskeen Gibb (1895–1971) – Editor, The Encyclopaedia of Islam
* Bernard Lewis (1916–2018) – history of Islam and the Middle East
* S.D. Goitein (1900–1985) - history of the Mediterranean; social history of the Medieval Islamic world
* Albert Hourani (1915–1993)
* ‘Ala’ al-Din ‘Ata Malik Juvayni (1226–1283) – Ta’rīkh-I-Jahān Gushā (A History of the World-Conqueror Chingis Khān)
* Ibn Khaldun (1332–1406)
* Walid Khalidi (born 1925) – Palestinian historian
* D. S. Margoliouth (1858–1940)
* Michael Oren (born 1955)
* Rashid-al-Din Hamadani (circa 1247–1318) – Jāmi‛ al-Tawārīkh (Compendium of Chronicles), Ta’rīkh–i-Ghāzānī (a history of the Mongols and Turks)
* Heleen Sancisi-Weerdenburg (1944–2000) – Achaemenid history
* Ibn al-Tiqtaqa (born c. 1262) – Shi'i historian, wrote Al-Fakhīr

#### Central Asia

* Denis Sinor (1916–2011), Hungarian-American historian of Central Asia
* Edward A. Allworth (1920–2016), American historian specializing in Central Asia
* Étienne de la Vaissière (born 1969), French specialist of Sogdian culture and early medieval Central Asia
* Geoffrey Wheeler (1897–1990), British soldier and historian of Central Asia
* Lola Dodkhudoeva (born 1951), Tajikistani historian specialising in medieval Central Asian affairs
* Svetlana Gorshenina (born 1969), Uzbek specialist on Pre-Islamic Central Asia

#### South Asia
##### History of the Indian Subcontinent

* Muzaffar Alam (born 1947)
* A. L. Basham (1914–1986)
* Chris Bayly (1945–2015)
* Dipesh Chakrabarty (born 1948)
* Bernard Cohn (1928–2003)
* Sir Jadunath Sarkar (1870–1958)
* R. C. Majumdar (1884–1980)
* Niharranjan Ray (1903–1981)
* Datto Vaman Potdar (1890–1979)
* Tryambak Shankar Shejwalkar (1895–1963)
* Ram Sharan Sharma (1919–2011)
* Nicholas Dirks
* Ranajit Guha (1923–2023)
* Ayesha Jalal (born 1956)
* John Keay (born 1941)
* Sumit Sarkar (born 1939)
* Romila Thapar (born 1931)
* Irfan Habib (born 1931 )
* Thomas Metcalf (born 1934)
* Barbara Metcalf (born 1941)
* Percival Spear (1901–1982)
* Bipan Chandra (1928–2014)
* Gyan Prakash (born 1952)
* Tanika Sarkar
* Barbara Ramusack (born 1937)
* Thomas Trautmann (born 1940)
* K. K. Aziz (1927–2009)
* Mubarak Ali (born 1941)
* Mohammad Ishaq Khan (1946–2013)
* NS Rajaram (1943–2019)
* Sukumar Sen (linguist)
* Suniti Kumar Chatterji

##### History of India

* Isabel Giberne Sieveking (1857–1936) – Indian Mutiny
* Hakim Syed Zillur Rahman (born 1940) – Unani historian

##### History of Pakistan

* K. K. Aziz (1927–2009)
* Imran Khan (born 1952)

#### Far East
##### History of Japan

* William George Aston (1841–1911)
* Gail Lee Bernstein (born 1939)
* Harold Bolitho (1939–2010)
* Hugh Borton (1903–1995)
* Albert M. Craig (born 1927)
* Sheldon Garon (born 1951)
* Carol Gluck (born 1941)
* Andrew Gordon (born 1952)
* William Elliot Griffis (1843–1928)
* John Whitney Hall (1916–1997)
* Susan Hanley (born 1939)
* Marius Jansen (1922–2000)
* Donald Keene (1922–2019)
* Joyce Lebra (1925–2021)
* Jeffrey Mass (1940–2001)
* Richard Ponsonby-Fane (1878–1937)
* Tetsuo Najita (1936–2021)
* Ian Nish (1926–2022)
* Edwin O. Reischauer (1910–1990)
* Donald Richie (1924–2013)
* George Bailey Sansom (1883–1965)
* Ernest Mason Satow (1843–1929)
* Amy Stanley (born 1978)
* Conrad Totman (born 1934)
* Stephen Turnbull (born 1948)
* Barak Kushner (born 1968)

##### History of Korea

* Bruce Cumings (born 1943) – modern Korea
* Carter J. Eckert
* James Palais (1934–2006)
* Il-yeon (1206–1289)
* Kim Bu-sik (1075–1151) – early annalist
* Kim Dae-mun
* Lee Ki-baek (1924–2004)
* James Hoare (born 1943)
* Shin Chaeho (1880–1936) – ancient Korean history
* Andre Schmid (born 1963)
* Yu Deuk-gong (1749–1807) – Balhae
* Odd Arne Westad (born 1960) – professor at the London School of Economics

##### History of China

* Robert Bickers (born 1964) - modern China
* Immanuel C.Y. Hsu (1923–2005) - modern China
* John Herman (1889–1950)
* Ann Paludan (1928–2014) – ancient China
* Sima Qian – compiled Records of the Grand Historian
* Chen Shou (233–297) – author of the Records of Three Kingdoms.
* Jonathan Spence (born 1936)
* Denis Twitchett (1925–2006) – Cambridge scholar, and editor of The Cambridge History of China
* Hans van de Ven (born 1958)
* Frederic Wakeman, Jr. (1937–2006)
* Odd Arne Westad (born 1960) – professor at the London School of Economics and author of many books on China

#### History of Hong Kong

* Steve Tsang (born 1959)

### Africa

* David Cohen (born 1943)
* A. G. Hopkins (born 1938) – European colonialism and globalisation
* William Miller Macmillan (1885–1974)
* Jocelyne Dakhlia (born 1959) – political and cultural history of Islam in the Maghreb
* Jan Vansina (1929–2017)

#### History of the Serers

* Alioune Sarr (1908–2001), Senegalese specialist on Serer medieval history
* Henry Gravrand (1921–2003), French specialist on Serer ancient history, Serer medieval history and Serer religion
* Issa Laye Thiaw (1943–2017), Senegalese specialist on Serer general history and Serer religion
* Alhaji Alieu Ebrima Cham Joof (1924–2011), Gambian specialist on Serer general history and history of Senegambia (Senegal and Gambia)
* Marguerite Dupire (1920–2015), French scholar of Serer religion and history
* Louis Diène Faye (born 1936), Senegalese scholar of Serer religion and history

### Oceania
#### History of Australia

* Manning Clark (1915–1991)
* Keith Windschuttle (born 1942)
* Geoffrey Blainey (born 1930)
* Stuart Macintyre (1947–2021)
* Henry Reynolds (born 1938)
* Frank Welsh (born 1931)
* Andrew Moore

#### History of Fiji

* Brij Lal

#### History of New Zealand

* James Belich (born 1956)
* Michael King (1945–2004)
* W. H. Oliver (1925–2015)
* William Pember Reeves (1857–1932)
* J. G. A. Pocock (1924–2023)
* Keith Sinclair (1922–1993)

#### History of Tonga

* Sione Lātūkefu

#### History of Papua New Guinea

* John Waiko (born 1945)

## By historical viewpoint
### Abolitionist

* George Washington Williams (1849–1891) – Early African-American historian

### Counterfactual

* Niall Ferguson (born 1964) – Virtual History: Alternatives and Counterfactuals (1997)

### Marxist

* Eric Foner (born 1943) – Marxist historian of the American Civil War and Reconstruction
* Eugene D. Genovese (1930–2012) – Marxist historian of southern US history and slavery
* Ranajit Guha (1923-2023) – Indian Marxist historian
* Christopher Hill (1912–2003) – 17th century England
* Eric Hobsbawm (1917–2012) – Marxist historian of the modern world
* Gerald Horne (born 1949) – African American Marxist historian
* Timothy Wright Mason (1940–1990) – Marxist historian who worked on the history of National Socialism and the German working-class
* Maxime Rodinson (1915–2004) – French Marxist historian on the history of Islam
* Sumit Sarkar (born 1939) – Indian Marxist historian
* Edward Palmer Thompson (1924–1993) – British Marxist historian, author of The Making of the English Working Class
* Walter Rodney (1942–1980) – Marxist historian of Africa

### Nazi

* Walter Frank (1905–1945) – Nazi historian and anti-Semitic writer
* David Hoggan (1923–1988)

### Anarchist

* Paul Avrich (1931–2006) – USA, oral history of the U.S. and Russia
* Murray Bookchin (1921–2006) – USA, writer; founder of "social ecology"
* Sam Dolgoff (1902–1990) – USA, writer, activist, co-founder of Anarcho-Syndicalist Review
* Sébastien Faure (1858–1942) – France, Encyclopedie Anarchiste, 4 volumes (1932–1934)
* David Goodway (born 1942) – UK, writer, editor
* Daniel Guérin (1904–1988) – France, writer, editor Libertarian Communist
* Robert Graham (born 1958) – USA, writer, editor
* Andrej Grubacic – Bulgarian history and anarchism, lecturer at University of San Francisco
* Peter Marshall (born 1946) – England, historian, philosopher, writer (of Demanding the Impossible: A History of Anarchism, 1992)
* Chuck W. Morse (born 1969) – USA, writer, founder of Institute for Anarchist Studies(IAS)
* Max Nettlau (1865–1944) – Austria, writer of Geschichte der Anarchie, seven volumes
* Abel Paz (1921–2009) – Spain, Civil war, Durruti, CNT/FAI
* José Peirats (1908–1989) – Spain, historian of the CNT/FAI
* Alexandre Skirda (1942–2020)
* Antonio Tellez (1921–2005)
* Dana Ward – founder of "Anarchist Archives", Online Research on the History and Theory of Anarchism, (USA)
* George Woodcock (1912–1995)
* Howard Zinn (1922–2010)

### Pacifist

* Ludwig Quidde (1858–1941) – Prescient German pacifist and student of history who combined his specialties in his condemnation of Kaiser Wilhelm II

## By general category
### Architectural history

* Marcus Vitruvius Pollio (c. 80/70 BC?–c. 25 BC) – Roman architect and engineer, author of De architectura
* Leon Battista Alberti (1404–1472) – Italian polymath, active in many fields, author of De Re Aedificatoria among others
* Josef Strzygowski (1862–1941)
* Joseph Rykwert (born 1926)
* Manfredo Tafuri (1935–1994)
* David Watkin (historian) (1941–2018)
* Alberto Pérez-Gómez (born 1949)
* Doğan Kuban (1926–2021) – architect, history of architecture and art history

### Art history

* Nurhan Atasoy (born 1934, Tokat, Türkiye) – Turkish and Islamic art history
* C. Ondine Chavoya (born 1970) – Latino art history, Chicano art history, queer art history
* Vincent Cronin (1924–2011) – French and Italian art and architectural history
* Oleg Grabar (1929–2011) – Islamic art history
* Catherine Mason – British computer and digital art history
* Nicholas Pevsner (1903–1983) – History of art and English architecture
* Alena Potůčková (1953–2018) – Czech art history
* Simon Schama (born 1945) – Art history
* Ichimatsu Tanaka (1895–1983) – Japanese art history
* Renáta Tyršová (1854–1937) – Czech ethnography and art history
* Yukio Yashiro (1890–1975) – Japanese art history; Botticelli and the Florentine Renaissance

### Christianity

* Eusebius of Caesarea (c. 275–339) – "Father of Church history"
* Alexander Campbell Cheyne (1924–2006) – Scottish ecclesiastical historian
* John Gilmary Shea (1824–1892) – father of American Catholic History
* Bengt Hägglund (1920–2015) – historian of Christian theology
* Barbara Thiering (1930–2015) – rediscovered the "Pesher technique"

### Classical Antiquity

* Werner Eck (born 1939)
* Robert Malcolm Errington (born 1939)
* Erich S. Gruen (born 1935)
* Ronald Syme (1903–1989)
* Robert Garland (born 1947)

### Economic history

* Robert C. Allen (born 1947)
* Leah Boustan
* Eli Heckscher (1879–1952)
* Barry Eichengreen (born 1952)
* Niall Ferguson (born 1964)
* Robert Fogel (1926–2013)
* Alexander Gerschenkron (1904–1978)
* Claudia Goldin (born 1946)
* Susan Howson (born 1945)
* Harold James (born 1956)
* John Komlos (born 1944)
* Naomi Lamoreaux (born 1950)
* David S. Landes (1924–2013)
* Joel Mokyr (born 1946)
* Thomas Piketty (born 1971)
* W. W. Rostow (1916–2003)
* Tirthankar Roy (born 1960)
* Ram Sharan Sharma (1919–2011) – economic history of ancient India
* Robert Skidelsky (born 1939)
* R. H. Tawney (1880–1962)

### Egyptology

* Hans-Werner Fischer-Elfert (born 1954)
* Ludwig David Morenz (born 1965)
* Richard B. Parkinson (born 1963)
* William Kelly Simpson (1928–2017)
* John W. Tait (born 1945)
* Edward F. Wente (born 1930)
* Penelope Wilson

### Environmental history

* Christopher Smout (born 1933)
* William Cronon (born 1954) – Frederick Jackson Turner Professor of History, Geography, and Environmental Studies at the University of Wisconsin–Madison

### Espionage

* Christopher Andrew (born 1941)
* John Barron (1930–2005)
* John Earl Haynes (born 1944)
* David Kahn (1930–2024)
* Victor Suvorov (born 1947)
* Nigel West (born 1951)

### Food history

* Sidney Mintz (1922–2015)
* Massimo Montanari (born 1949)
* Zora Mintalová – Zubercová (born 1950)

### Gender history

* John Boswell (1947–1994, American) – homosexuality in medieval times
* Francisca de Haan (fl. 1998-) – Central, Eastern and South Eastern European Women's and Gender History
* Nahema Hanafi (born 1983) - gender studies
* George Mosse (1918–1999)
* Marysa Navarro (born 1934) - feminism
* Retha Warnicke (born 1939) – gender issues

### Historiography

* Ram Sharan Sharma (1919–2011)
* Alphonse Balleydier (1810–1859)
* Marc Bloch (1886–1944)
* Fernand Braudel (1902–1985)
* Herbert Butterfield (1900–1979)
* E. H. Carr (1892–1982)
* R. G. Collingwood (1889–1943)
* Geoffrey Elton (1921–1994)
* Richard J. Evans (born 1947)
* Pieter Geyl (1887–1966)
* J. H. Hexter (1910–1996)
* Emmanuel Le Roy Ladurie (1929–2023)
* Peter Novick (1934–2012)
* Leopold von Ranke (1795–1886)
* Hayden White (1928–2018)
* Frank Ankersmit (born 1945)

#### Academic protagonists in Australia's "history wars"

* Geoffrey Blainey (born 1930)
* Stuart Macintyre (1947–2021)
* Robert Manne (born 1947)
* Henry Reynolds (born 1938)
* Lyndall Ryan (1943–2024)
* Keith Windschuttle (born 1942)

### History of business

* Alfred D. Chandler, Jr. (1918–2007)
* Jan Glete (1947–2009) – Swedish business history
* Allan Nevins (1890–1971)

### History of ideas, culture, literature, and philosophy

* Ram Sharan Sharma (1919–2011) – material culture in Ancient India
* Isaiah Berlin (1909–1997) – history of ideas
* J.C.D. Clark (born 1951) – British historian of 18th century ideas
* Jovan Deretić (1934–2002), Serbian literary history
* Michel Foucault (1926–1984) – history of ideas
* Peter Gay (1923–2015) – history of ideas
* A.O. Lovejoy (1873–1962) - history of ideas
* Lewis Mumford (1895–1988) – history of technology
* Hüseyin Nihâl Atsız (1905–1975, İstanbul, Türkiye) – Turkology, Turkish Literature
* Pertev Naili Boratav (Mustafa Pertev) (1907–1998) – Turkish folklorist, Ottoman and Turkish culture
* Sedat Alp (1913–2006) – Hittitolo, historian, ancient Anatolian languages
* Marius Ostrowski (born 1988) - history of ideas and ideologies

### History of international relations

* Harry Elmer Barnes (1889–1968)
* Herbert Butterfield (1900–1979)
* E.H. Carr (1892–1982)
* Gordon A. Craig (1913–2005)
* John Lewis Gaddis (born 1941) – historian of the Cold War
* Ragnhild Hatton (1913–1995) – historian of 17th- and 18th-century international relations
* Klaus Hildebrand (born 1941)
* Andreas Hillgruber (1925–1989)
* Paul Kennedy (born 1945) – British historian, author of influential The Rise and Fall of the Great Powers
* William L. Langer (1896–1977)
* Arno J. Mayer (1926–2023)
* Lewis Bernstein Namier (1888–1960)
* Paul W. Schroeder (1927–2020) – U.S. historian, 19th-century European international relations
* Jean Edward Smith (1932–2019)
* A.J.P. Taylor (1906–1990) – historian of European international relations
* Harold Temperley, (1879–1939) – British historian, Cambridge, 19th- and early 20th-century diplomatic history, British Documents on the Origins of the War, 1898-1914 (ed.)
* Ernest Llewellyn Woodward, (1890–1971)

### History of science and technology

* Michael Adas (born 1943) – colonialism and imperialism, global history
* Jim Bennett (1947–2023) – mathematics, scientific instruments and astronomy
* Stephen G. Brush (born 1935)
* Vincent Cronin (1924–2011)
* Allen G. Debus (1926–2009) – chemistry and medicine
* A. Hunter Dupree (1921–2019) – botany; U.S. government policy on science and technology
* Peter Galison (born 1955) – physics, philosophy, objectivity
* John L. Heilbron (1934–2023) – physics, quantification, astronomy, religion and science
* Richard L. Hills (1936–2019) – technology, steam power
* Thomas P. Hughes (1923–2014) – technology
* Evelyn Fox Keller (1936–2023) – science and gender, biology
* Melvin Kranzberg (1917–1995) – technology
* Daniel J. Kevles (born 1939) – science and politics, physics, biology, eugenics
* Thomas Kuhn (1922–1996) – physics, "paradigm shifts"
* James Mosley (born 1935) – printing
* David F. Noble (1945–2010) – science and technology-based industrial development
* Abraham Pais (1918–2000) – physics
* Giuliano Pancaldi (born 1946) – Italian science
* Theodore M. Porter (born 1953)
* A. I. Sabra (1924–2013) – optics, Islamic science
* George Sarton (1884–1956)
* Jack Simmons (1915–2000) – railway history
* Nathan Sivin (born 1931) – history of science in China
* Kim H. Veltman (1948–2020) – science and art
* M. Norton Wise (born 1940)

### History of the papacy

* Ludwig von Pastor (1854–1928) – wrote 40 volume history of the popes making extensive use of the Vatican Secret Archives

### Holocaust

* Götz Aly (born 1947)
* Jean Ancel (1940–2008)
* Yitzhak Arad (1926–2021)
* David Bankier (1947–2010)
* Omer Bartov (born 1954)
* Paul R. Bartrop (born 1955)
* Yehuda Bauer (1926–2024)
* Georges Bensoussan (born 1952)
* Wolfgang Benz (born 1941)
* Michael Berenbaum (born 1945)
* Ruth Bettina Birn (born 1952)
* Donald Bloxham
* Randolph L. Braham (1922–2018)
* Richard Breitman (born 1947)
* Martin Broszat (1926–1989)
* Christopher Browning (born 1944)
* Michael Burleigh (born 1955)
* David Cesarani (1956–2015)
* Catherine Chatterley
* Richard I. Cohen (born 1946)
* John S. Conway (1929–2017)
* David M. Crowe
* Danuta Czech (1922–2004)
* Szymon Datner (1902–1989)
* Lucy Dawidowicz (1915–1990)
* Terrence Des Pres (1939–1987)
* Deborah Dwork
* Leo Eitinger (1912–1996)
* David Engel (born 1951)
* Barbara Engelking (born 1962)
* Richard J. Evans (born 1947)
* Andrew Ezergailis (born 1930)
* Esther Farbstein (born 1946)
* Norman Finkelstein (born 1953)
* Jack Fischel (born 1937)
* Michael Fleming
* Joseph Friedenson (1922–2013)
* Henry Friedlander (1930–2012)
* Saul Friedländer (born 1932)
* Tuvia Friling (born 1953)
* Christian Gerlach (born 1963)
* Martin Gilbert (1936–2015)
* Daniel Goldhagen (born 1959)
* Jan Grabowski (born 1962)
* Gideon Greif (born 1951)
* Jan T. Gross (born 1947)
* Israel Gutman (1923–2013)
* Peter Hayes
* Susanne Heim (born 1955)
* Raul Hilberg (1926–2007)
* Klaus Hildebrand (born 1941)
* Eberhard Jäckel (1929–2017)
* Miroslav Kárný (1919–2001)
* Steven T. Katz (born 1944)
* Ian Kershaw (born 1943)
* Ernst Klee (1942–2013)
* David Kranzler (1930–2007)
* Shmuel Krakowski (1926–2018)
* Erich Kulka (1911–1995)
* Otto Dov Kulka (1933–2021)
* Konrad Kwiet (born 1941)
* Lawrence Langer (born 1929)
* Jacek Leociak (born 1957)
* Dariusz Libionka (born 1963)
* Deborah Lipstadt (born 1947)
* Peter Longerich (born 1955)
* Richard C. Lukas (born 1937)
* Eugen Kogon (1903–1987)
* Michael Marrus (born 1941)
* Jürgen Matthäus (born 1959)
* Hans Mommsen (1930–2015)
* Kurt Pätzold (1930–2016)
* Franciszek Piper (born 1941)
* Detlev Peukert (1950–1990)
* Léon Poliakov (1910–1997)
* Antony Polonsky (born 1940)
* Dina Porat (born 1943)
* Laurence Rees (born 1957)
* Alvin H. Rosenfeld (born 1938)
* Mark Roseman (born 1958)
* John K. Roth
* Livia Rothkirchen (1922–2013)
* R. J. Rummel (1932–2014)
* Tom Segev (born 1945)
* Timothy D. Snyder (born 1969)
* Nicholas Stargardt (born 1962)
* Sybille Steinbacher (born 1966)
* Alan E. Steinweis (born 1957)
* Dan Stone (born 1971)
* Robert Jan van Pelt (born 1955)
* Nikolaus Wachsmann (born 1971)
* Kenneth Waltzer (born 1942)
* Rebecca Wittmann (born 1970)
* David Wyman (1929–2018)
* Hanna Yablonka (born 1950)
* Leni Yahil (1912–2007)

### Lutheranism

* Johann Lorenz von Mosheim (1694–1755) – Lutheran historian of Christianity from its inception through the 18th century

### Maritime history

* Robert G. Albion (1896–1983)
* William A. Baker (1911–1981)
* Jaap R. Bruijn (born 1938)
* Howard I. Chapelle (1901–1975)
* Grahame Farr (1912–1983)
* Femme Gaastra (born 1945)
* John Hattendorf (born 1941)
* John de Courcy Ireland (1911–2006)
* Benjamin Woods Labaree (1927–2021)
* Samuel Eliot Morison (1887–1976)
* J. H. Parry (1914–1982)
* Glyndwr Williams (born 1932)

### Media history

History of newspapers and magazines, History of radio, History of television, and History of the Internet
* Asa Briggs (1921–2016)

### Military history

* C.T. Atkinson (1874–1964), historian of the British Army and Marlborough's Army
* Correlli Barnett (born 1927) – British military historian
* Antony Beevor (born 1946) – British military historian
* Brian Bond (born 1936) – First World War
* Caleb Carr (born 1955) – American military historian
* Michael Carver (1915–2001) – British soldier and historian
* Alan Clark (1928–1999) – British M.P. and historian
* Martin van Creveld (born 1946) – Israeli military historian
* Saul David (born 1966) – Military history
* N.H. Gibbs (1910–1990) – Interwar period
* Adrian Goldsworthy (born 1969) – British military historian
* Jack Granatstein (born 1939) – Canadian military historian
* Bruce Barrymore Halpenny (born 1937) – writer and military historian
* Victor Davis Hanson (born 1953) – American classicist and military historian
* Andreas Hillgruber (1925–1989) – German military historian
* Richard Holmes (1946–2011) – British military history
* Alistair Horne (1925–2017) – British historian of French military history
* Michael Howard (1922–2019) – modern military history
* John Keegan (1934–2012, English) – specialised in 20th-century wars
* Anthony Kemp (1939–2018) – English historian of history of World War II
* Frederic Kidder (1804–1885) - American historian of New England including military operations
* B. H. Liddell Hart (1895–1970) – military history
* Edward Luttwak (born 1942) – military strategy
* Piers Mackesy (1924–2014) – 18th century
* S. L. A. Marshall (1900–1977) – American military historian
* Jürgen Möller (born 1959) – German military historian
* Peter Paret (1924–2020) – military history
* Gordon Prange (1910–1980)
* Gerhard Ritter (1888–1967) – German military historian
* Cornelius Ryan (1920–1974) – World War II
* Digby Smith (born 1935) Napoleonic Wars
* Jean Edward Smith (1932–2019) – U.S. and German military historian
* Hew Strachan (born 1949) – British military historian
* Gerhard Weinberg (born 1928) – U.S. military historian
* Spenser Wilkinson (1853–1937)

### Mormonism

* Leonard J. Arrington (1917–1999) – LDS Church historian 1975–1982
* B.H. Roberts (1857–1933)
* Fawn M. Brodie (1915–1981)
* Richard Bushman (born 1931)

### Naval history

* Robert G. Albion (1896–1983) – maritime history
* Daniel A. Baugh (born 1931)
* Ulane Bonnel (1918–2006)
* Josiah Burchett (1666–1746)
* Montagu Burrows (1819–1905)
* Geoffrey Callender (1875–1946)
* Howard I. Chapelle (1901–1975) – maritime history
* William Bell Clark (1889–1968)
* Julian Corbett (1854–1922)
* William S. Dudley (born 1936)
* Michael Duffy
* Jan Glete (1947–2009)
* James Goldrick (born 1958)
* Andrew Gordon (born 1951) – Battle of Jutland
* Barry M. Gough (born 1938)
* Kenneth J. Hagan (born 1936)
* Paul G. Halpern (born 1937)
* John Hattendorf (born 1941)
* John Daniel Hayes (1902–1991)
* J. Richard Hill (1929–2017)
* William James (1780–1827)
* Paul Kennedy (born 1945)
* R.J.B. Knight (born 1944)
* Dudley W. Knox (1877–1960)
* Andrew Lambert (born 1956)
* Harold D. Langley (1925–2020)
* John Knox Laughton (1830–1915)
* Michael Lewis (1890–1970)
* Christopher Lloyd (1906–1986)
* Alfred Mahan (1840–1914)
* Arthur Marder (1910–1980)
* Tyrone G. Martin (born 1930) – historian of the USS Constitution and of the history of ironclads
* William J. Morgan (1917–2003)
* Samuel Eliot Morison (1887–1976) – wrote History of United States Naval Operations in World War II and numerous works about the maritime exploration of the Americas
* Henry Newbolt (1862–1938) – wrote The Naval History of the Great War
* Michael Oppenheim (1853–1927)
* Charles O. Paullin (1869–1944)
* Werner Rahn (born 1939)
* Bryan Ranft (1917–2001)
* Clark G. Reynolds (1939–2005)
* Herbert Richmond (1871–1946)
* N.A.M. Rodger (born 1949)
* Stephen Roskill (1903–1982)
* John Darrell Sherwood (born 1966)
* D.M. Schurman (1924–2013)
* William N. Still, Jr. (born 1932)
* Craig Symonds (born 1946)
* David Syrett (1939–2004)
* Geoffrey Till (born 1945)
* Johan Carel Marinus Warnsinck (1882–1943)
* Colin White (1951–2008)

### Presbyterianism

* D.G. Hart (born 1956)

### Social history

* David Rothman (1937–2020) — Father of American social history and the role of institutions in shaping history and society.
* Ram Sharan Sharma (1919–2011) – social history of ancient India
* Lloyd deMause (born 1931) – psychohistory
* Gabriela Dudeková (born 1968)
* Ruth Goodman (born 1963) – early modern, British social history

## Intellectual history

* Carolina Armenteros
* Herbert Butterfield (1900–1979)
* David Lloyd Dusenbury
* Irena Grudzińska-Gross (born 1946)
* Gertrude Himmelfarb (1922–2019)
* Russell Jacoby (born 1945)
* Richard Lebrun
* Pierre Manent (born 1949)
* Elliot Neaman (born 1957)
* Steven Ozment (1939–2019)
* Jennifer Ratner-Rosenhagen
* Jon H. Roberts (born 1947)
* Helena Rosenblatt (born 1961)
* Ellis Sandoz (1931–2023)
* Larry Siedentop (1936–2024)
* James Turner (born 1946)
* Richard M. Weaver (1910–1963)
* Robert Wokler (1942–2006)
* Richard Wolin (born 1952)

## World history

* Felipe Fernández-Armesto (born 1950)
* Christopher Bayly (1945–2015) – British Empire and India
* Ferdinand Braudel (1902–1985) – social and economic history
* Will Durant (1885–1981) – author of The Story of Civilization
* Francis Fukuyama (born 1955) – "End of history" thesis
* Hendrik Willem van Loon (1882–1944) – world history and geography for younger readers
* William McNeill (1917–2016) – author of The Rise of the West: A History of the Human Community
* Jürgen Osterhammel (born 1952)
* John Roberts (1928–2003) – author of [History of the World
* Ram Sharan Sharma (1919–2011)) – author of Vishwa Itihaas ki Bhumika in Hindi.
* Jackson J. Spielvogel (born 1939) – author of several major world history textbooks
* Arnold J. Toynbee (1889–1975) – wrote landmark text A Study of History
* Immanuel Wallerstein (1930–2019)

## Biography

* Peter Ackroyd (born 1949) – Dickens, Blake, Thomas More, Eliot, Newton
* James Boswell (1740–1795) – Samuel Johnson
* Alan Bullock (1914–2004) – historian best known for his influential biography of Hitler
* Robert Caro (born 1935) – Lyndon Johnson
* Thomas Carlyle (1795–1881) – Friedrich der Grosse (the Great)
* Vincent Cronin (1924–2011) – Louis XIV, Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette, Catherine the Great, and Napoleon
* Leon Edel (1907–1997) – Henry James
* Richard Ellmann (1918–1987) – James Joyce
* Erik Erikson (1902–1994) – psychoanalytic biographies of Luther and Gandhi
* Roy Foster (born 1949) – W.B. Yeats
* Joseph Frank (1918–2013) – Fyodor Dostoevsky
* Elizabeth Gaskell (1810–1865) – Charlotte Brontë
* Stephen Greenblatt (born 1943) – Shakespeare
* Ragnhild Hatton (1913–1995) – King Charles XII of Sweden and King George I of Great Britain
* Walter Isaacson (born 1952) – geniuses
* Ian Kershaw (born 1943) – historian well known for his influential study of Hitler
* Ralph G. Martin (1920–2013) – Hubert H. Humphrey, Harry S. Truman, Edward VIII, Golda Meir, and John F. Kennedy
* Roi Medvedev (born 1925) – Stalin
* Susan Quinn (born 1940) – Marie Curie
* Ron Rosenbaum (born 1946) – author of Explaining Hitler
* Norman Sherry (1925–2016) – Graham Greene
* Jean Edward Smith (1932–2019) – Franklin D. Roosevelt, Ulysses S. Grant, John Marshall, and Lucius D. Clay
* Suetonius – lives of the Caesars
* Lytton Strachey (1880–1932) – Eminent Victorians
* A.N. Wilson (born 1950) – Tolstoy