# List of talpids

Talpidae is one of the four families of small mammals in the order Eulipotyphla. A member of this family is called a talpid and the family includes moles, shrew moles, and desmans. Talpids are found in North America, Europe, and Asia, primarily in forests, shrublands, grasslands, and wetlands, though some species can also be found in deserts or coastal areas. They range in size from the Chinese shrew mole, at 6 cm (2 in) plus a 5 cm (2 in) tail, to the Russian desman, at 22 cm (9 in) plus a 22 cm (9 in) tail. Talpids primarily eat earthworms, insects, and other invertebrates, but some also consume fish, mollusks, amphibians, crustaceans, plants, and fungi. No talpids have population estimates, but the Pyrenean desman and Echigo mole are categorized as endangered species, while the Russian desman is categorized as critically endangered.
The forty-five extant species of Talpidae are divided into three subfamilies: Scalopinae, containing seven mole species in five genera, Talpinae, containing thirty-three mole, shrew mole, and desman species in eleven genera, and Uropsilinae, containing four shrew mole species in a single genus. A few extinct prehistoric Talpidae species have been discovered, though due to ongoing research and discoveries the exact number and categorization is not fixed.

## Conventions

Conservation status codes listed follow the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species. Range maps are provided wherever possible; if a range map is not available, a description of the talpid's range is provided. Ranges are based on the IUCN Red List for that species unless otherwise noted.

## Classification

The family Talpidae consists of three subfamilies: Scalopinae, containing seven mole species in five genera, Talpinae, containing thirty-three mole, shrew mole, and desman species in eleven genera, and Uropsilinae, containing four shrew mole species in a single genus.
Family Talpidae
* Subfamily Scalopinae
** Genus Condylura (star-nosed mole): one species
** Genus Parascalops (hairy-tailed mole): one species
** Genus Scalopus (eastern mole): one species
** Genus Scapanulus (Gansu mole): one species
** Genus Scapanus (western moles): three species
* Subfamily Talpinae
** Genus Desmana (Russian desman): one species
** Genus Dymecodon (True's shrew mole): one species
** Genus Euroscaptor (Asiatic moles): seven species
** Genus Galemys (Pyrenean desman): one species
** Genus Mogera (East Asian moles): seven species
** Genus Neurotrichus (American shrew mole): one species
** Genus Parascaptor (white-tailed mole): one species
** Genus Scaptochirus (short-faced mole): one species
** Genus Scaptonyx (long-tailed mole): one species
** Genus Talpa (European moles): eleven species
** Genus Urotrichus (Japanese shrew mole): one species
* Subfamily Uropsilinae
** Genus Uropsilus (shrew-like moles): four species
Talpidae
Scalopinae
Scapanulus
Parascalops
Scalopus
Scapanus
Condylura
Talpinae
Desmana
Galemys
Scaptonyx
Urotrichus
Dymecodon
Neurotrichus
Talpa
Euroscaptor
Mogera
Parascaptor
Neurotrichus
Uropsilinae
Uropsilus :

## Talpids

The following classification is based on the taxonomy described by the reference work Mammal Species of the World (2005), with augmentation by generally accepted proposals made since using molecular phylogenetic analysis, as supported by both the IUCN and the American Society of Mammalogists.

### Subfamily Scalopinae

Genus Condylura – Illiger, 1811 – one species :
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
| Star-nosed mole | C. cristata (Linnaeus, 1758) | Eastern United States and Canada | Size: 10–13 cm (4–5 in) long, plus 5–9 cm (2–4 in) tail Habitat: Forest, shrubland, and inland wetlands Diet: Aquatic invertebrates, as well as other invertebrates, crustaceans, mollusks and small fish | LC  Unknown |
Genus Parascalops – True, 1894 – one species :
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
| Hairy-tailed mole | P. breweri (Bachman, 1842) | Eastern United States and Canada | Size: 13–18 cm (5–7 in) long, plus 3 cm (1 in) tail Habitat: Forest, shrubland, and grassland Diet: Insects, as well as other invertebrates | LC  Unknown |
Genus Scalopus – Geoffroy, 1803 – one species :
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
| Eastern mole | S. aquaticus (Linnaeus, 1758) Four subspecies S. a. anastasae (Anastasia Island mole) S. a. aquaticus (Eastern mole) S. a. bassi (Englewood mole) S. a. texanus (Presidia mole) | Eastern and central North America | Size: 14–19 cm (6–7 in) long, plus 1–4 cm (0.4–1.6 in) tail Habitat: Forest and grassland Diet: Insects and earthworms, as well as plants | LC  Unknown |
Genus Scapanulus – Thomas, 1912 – one species :
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
| Gansu mole | S. oweni Thomas, 1912 | Central China | Size: 9–11 cm (4 in) long, plus 3–4 cm (1–2 in) tail Habitat: Forest Diet: Earthworms and other invertebrates | LC  Unknown |
Genus Scapanus – Pomel, 1848 – three species :
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
| Coast mole | S. orarius (True, 1896) Two subspecies S. o. orarius S. o. schefferi (Scheffer's coast mole) | Western United States and Canada | Size: 13–19 cm (5–7 in) long, plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail Habitat: Forest, grassland, and coastal marine Diet: Earthworms, as well as other invertebrates, mollusks, plants, and fungi | LC  Unknown |
| Northern broad-footed mole | S. latimanus (Bachman, 1842) Six subspecies S. l. anthonyi (Mexican mole) S. l. insularis S. l. latimanus S. l. minusculus S. l. occultus (Southern broad-footed mole) S. l. parvus | Western United States and Mexico | Size: 11–19 cm (4–7 in) long, plus 2–6 cm (1–2 in) tail Habitat: Grassland, savanna, and forest Diet: Earthworms and other invertebrates | LC  Unknown |
| Townsend's mole | S. townsendii (Bachman, 1839) | Western United States and Canada | Size: 11–19 cm (4–7 in) long, plus 2–6 cm (1–2 in) tail Habitat: Forest and grassland Diet: Earthworms, as well as other invertebrates and plants | LC  Unknown |

### Subfamily Talpinae

Genus Desmana – Güldenstädt, 1777 – one species :
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
| Russian desman | D. moschata (Linnaeus, 1758) | Western and central Asia | Size: 18–22 cm (7–9 in) long, plus 17–22 cm (7–9 in) tail Habitat: Inland wetlands Diet: Fish, mollusks, amphibians, crustaceans, and insects | CR  Unknown |
Genus Dymecodon – True, 1886 – one species :
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
| True's shrew mole | D. pilirostris (True, 1886) | Japan | Size: 6–11 cm (2–4 in) long, plus 2–5 cm (1–2 in) tail Habitat: Forest, shrubland, and grassland Diet: Worms, insects, and other invertebrates | LC  Unknown |
Genus Euroscaptor – Miller, 1940 – seven species :
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
| Greater Chinese mole | E. grandis Miller, 1940 | Southern China | Size: About 15 cm (6 in) long, plus 10 cm (4 in) tail Habitat: Forest Diet: Insects and other invertebrates | LC  Unknown |
| Himalayan mole | E. micrura (Hodgson, 1841) | Southern Asia | Size: 12–14 cm (5–6 in) long, plus 5–9 cm (2–4 in) tail Habitat: Forest Diet: Insects and other invertebrates | LC  Unknown |
| Japanese mountain mole | E. mizura (Günther, 1880) | Japan | Size: About 10 cm (4 in) long, plus 2 cm (1 in) tail Habitat: Forest and grassland Diet: Insects and other invertebrates | LC  Unknown |
| Kloss's mole | E. klossi (Thomas, 1929) | Southeastern Asia | Size: 12–14 cm (5–6 in) long, plus 11–17 cm (4–7 in) tail Habitat: Forest Diet: Insects and other invertebrates | LC  Unknown |
| Long-nosed mole | E. longirostris (A. Milne-Edwards, 1870) | Southeastern China | Size: 9–15 cm (4–6 in) long, plus 1–3 cm (0.4–1.2 in) tail Habitat: Forest Diet: Insects and other invertebrates | LC  Unknown |
| Small-toothed mole | E. parvidens Miller, 1940 | Southeastern Asia | Size: About 14 cm (6 in) long, plus 6 cm (2 in) tail Habitat: Forest Diet: Insects and other invertebrates | DD  Unknown |
| Vietnamese mole | E. subanura Kawada, Son, & Can, 2012 | Northern Vietnam | Size: 7–9 cm (3–4 in) long, plus 4–6 cm (2–2 in) tail Habitat: Forest Diet: Insects and other invertebrates | LC  Unknown |
Genus Galemys – Kaup, 1829 – one species :
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
| Pyrenean desman | G. pyrenaicus (Geoffroy, 1811) Two subspecies G. p. pyrenaicus G. p. rufulus | Iberian Peninsula | Size: 11–16 cm (4–6 in) long, plus 12–16 cm (5–6 in) tail Habitat: Inland wetlands Diet: Insects and crustaceans | EN  Unknown |
Genus Mogera – Pomel, 1848 – seven species :
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
| Echigo mole | M. etigo Yoshiyuki & Imaizumi, 1991 | Central Japan | Size: 15–18 cm (6–7 in) long, plus 2–3 cm (1 in) tail Habitat: Grassland Diet: Likely earthworms and other invertebrates | EN  Unknown |
| Insular mole | M. insularis Swinhoe, 1863 Three subspecies M. i. hainana M. i. insularis M. i. latouchei (La Touche's mole) | Eastern China, Hainan Island, and Taiwan | Size: 8–14 cm (3–6 in) long, plus 1–2 cm (0.4–0.8 in) tail Habitat: Forest Diet: Likely earthworms and other invertebrates | LC  Unknown |
| Japanese mole | M. wogura (Temminck, 1842) | Southern Japan | Size: 12–18 cm (5–7 in) long, plus 1–3 cm (0.4–1.2 in) tail Habitat: Grassland, shrubland, and forest Diet: Likely earthworms and other invertebrates | LC  Unknown |
| Sado mole | M. tokudae Kuroda, 1940 | Sado Island, Japan | Size: 13–17 cm (5–7 in) long, plus 2–3 cm (1 in) tail Habitat: Forest, shrubland, and grassland Diet: Likely earthworms and other invertebrates | NT  Unknown |
| Senkaku mole | M. uchidai Abe, Shiraishi, & Arai, 1991 | Senkaku Islands | Size: About 13 cm (5 in) long, plus 2 cm (1 in) tail Habitat: Grassland Diet: Likely earthworms and other invertebrates | VU  Unknown |
| Small Japanese mole | M. imaizumii Kuroda, 1957 | Japan | Size: 10–16 cm (4–6 in) long, plus 1–3 cm (0.4–1.2 in) tail Habitat: Forest, shrubland, and grassland Diet: Likely earthworms and other invertebrates | LC  Unknown |
| Ussuri mole | M. robusta Nehring, 1891 | Eastern Asia | Size: 14–20 cm (6–8 in) long, plus about 2 cm (1 in) tail Habitat: Forest Diet: Earthworms, caterpillars and insects | LC  Unknown |
Genus Neurotrichus – Günther, 1880 – one species :
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
| American shrew mole | N. gibbsii (Baird, 1858) | Western North America | Size: 6–9 cm (2–4 in) long, plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail Habitat: Forest, shrubland, grassland, and inland wetlands Diet: Earthworms, insects, other invertebrates, fungi, and seeds | LC  Unknown |
Genus Parascaptor – Gill, 1875 – one species :
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
| White-tailed mole | P. leucura (Blyth, 1850) | Eastern Asia | Size: 11–12 cm (4–5 in) long, plus 1–2 cm (0.4–0.8 in) tail Habitat: Forest Diet: Likely earthworms and other invertebrates | LC  Unknown |
Genus Scaptochirus – H. Milne-Edwards, 1867 – one species :
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
| Short-faced mole | S. moschatus H. Milne-Edwards, 1867 | Northern China | Size: About 14 cm (6 in) long, plus 1–2 cm (0.4–0.8 in) tail Habitat: Desert and grassland Diet: Arthropod larvae | LC  Unknown |
Genus Scaptonyx – H. Milne-Edwards, 1872 – one species :
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
| Long-tailed mole | S. fusicaudus H. Milne-Edwards, 1872 | Eastern Asia | Size: 6–9 cm (2–4 in) long, plus 4–6 cm (2 in) tail Habitat: Forest Diet: Likely earthworms and other invertebrates | LC  Unknown |
Genus Talpa – Linnaeus, 1758 – eleven species :
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
| Altai mole | T. altaica Nikolsky, 1833 | Northern Asia | Size: 9–18 cm (4–7 in) long, plus 1–4 cm (0.4–1.6 in) tail Habitat: Forest Diet: Earthworms, as well as insects | LC  Unknown |
| Balkan mole | T. stankovici Martino & Martino, 1931 | Balkans in Europe | Size: 9–18 cm (4–7 in) long, plus 1–4 cm (0.4–1.6 in) tail Habitat: Coastal marine Diet: Worms and insects | LC  Unknown |
| Blind mole | T. caeca Savi, 1822 | Southern Europe | Size: 9–18 cm (4–7 in) long, plus 1–4 cm (0.4–1.6 in) tail Habitat: Forest and grassland Diet: Earthworms and other invertebrates | LC  Unknown |
| Caucasian mole | T. caucasica Satunin, 1908 | Caucasus Mountains in Russia and Georgia | Size: 9–18 cm (4–7 in) long, plus 1–4 cm (0.4–1.6 in) tail Habitat: Forest and grassland Diet: Earthworms, as well as insects | LC  Unknown |
| European mole | T. europaea Linnaeus, 1758 | Europe and western Asia | Size: 11–16 cm (4–6 in) long, plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail Habitat: Forest, shrubland, and grassland Diet: Earthworms and insects | LC  Unknown |
| Levant mole | T. levantis Thomas, 1906 | Caucasus and Northern Turkey | Size: 9–18 cm (4–7 in) long, plus 1–4 cm (0.4–1.6 in) tail Habitat: Forest and grassland Diet: Earthworms and other invertebrates | LC  Unknown |
| Ognev's mole | T. ognevi Stroganov, 1948 | Georgia and northeastern Turkey | Size: 9–18 cm (4–7 in) long, plus 1–4 cm (0.4–1.6 in) tail Habitat: Forest and grassland Diet: Worms and insects | LC  Unknown |
| Père David's mole | T. davidiana (H. Milne-Edwards, 1884) | Turkey and northwestern Iran | Size: 9–18 cm (4–7 in) long, plus 1–4 cm (0.4–1.6 in) tail Habitat: Grassland Diet: Worms and insects | DD  Unknown |
| Roman mole | T. romana Thomas, 1902 | Southern Italy | Size: 9–18 cm (4–7 in) long, plus 1–4 cm (0.4–1.6 in) tail Habitat: Forest Diet: Earthworms | LC  Unknown |
| Spanish mole | T. occidentalis A. Cabrera, 1907 | Spain and Portugal | Size: 9–18 cm (4–7 in) long, plus 1–4 cm (0.4–1.6 in) tail Habitat: Forest, shrubland, and grassland Diet: Earthworms and other invertebrates | LC  Unknown |
| Talysch mole | T. talyschensis Vereshchagin, 1945 | Southern Azerbaijan and northern Iran | Size: 9–18 cm (4–7 in) long, plus 1–4 cm (0.4–1.6 in) tail Habitat: Forest and shrubland Diet: Worms and insects | LC  Unknown |
Genus Urotrichus – Temminck, 1841 – one species :
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
| Japanese shrew mole | U. talpoides Temminck, 1841 | Japan | Size: 6–11 cm (2–4 in) long, plus 2–5 cm (1–2 in) tail Habitat: Forest, shrubland, and grassland Diet: Insects, spiders, worms, and other invertebrates | LC  Unknown |

### Subfamily Uropsilinae

Genus Uropsilus – A. Milne-Edwards, 1871 – four species :
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
| Anderson's shrew mole | U. andersoni (Thomas, 1911) | Central China | Size: 6–9 cm (2–4 in) long, plus 5–8 cm (2–3 in) tail Habitat: Unknown Diet: Invertebrates | DD  Unknown |
| Chinese shrew mole | U. soricipes A. Milne-Edwards, 1871 | Central China | Size: 6–8 cm (2–3 in) long, plus 5–7 cm (2–3 in) tail Habitat: Forest Diet: Invertebrates | LC  Unknown |
| Gracile shrew mole | U. gracilis (Thomas, 1911) | Southern China and northern Myanmar | Size: 6–9 cm (2–4 in) long, plus 5–8 cm (2–3 in) tail Habitat: Forest, shrubland, and grassland Diet: Invertebrates | LC  Unknown |
| Inquisitive shrew mole | U. investigator (Thomas, 1922) | Southern China | Size: 6–9 cm (2–4 in) long, plus 5–8 cm (2–3 in) tail Habitat: Forest and grassland Diet: Invertebrates | DD  Unknown |