OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Osney Lock

vteOsney Lock :
Legend :
Osney Lock is a lock on the River Thames in Oxford, England, where the village or island of Osney is next to the river.
The first lock was built of stone by Daniel Harris for the Thames Navigation Commission in 1790.
Across the weir pool is a large Environment Agency complex which monitors the River Thames, while a small office building exists on the front lawn opposite from the lock house. The weir is upstream of the lock alongside the navigation channel in two parts and feeds the Osney pool. The Osney Lock Hydro hydro-electric plant occupies a building beside the weir.
To the south and southwest are Osney Mill Marina and Osney Cemetery. Oxford railway station on the Botley Road is close by to the northwest.

## History

The main navigation channel was formerly on the branch of the river known as Bulstake Stream further west. The present stream was developed in mediaeval times by the monks of Osney Abbey on the west side of the island then known as Osney, to serve as a millstream for Osney Mill, in a manner similar to that at Abingdon. There was an ancient weir, the property of the Abbey on the site, and a pound lock was first considered in 1787. The stream became the main navigation channel when the lock was built in 1790. Daniel Harris used prisoner labour from Oxford jail to give the cheapest quote for the work. The last rebuilding of the lock was in 1905.

## Access to the lock

The lock can be reached a short way down the towpath from Osney Bridge on the A420 Botley Road on the way west out of the centre of Oxford.

## Reach above the lock

The river passes a former electricity generating station and is crossed by Osney Bridge near Oxford railway station. On the eastern bank are built up parts of Oxford. After a stretch of allotments on the western bank and the backs of houses on the eastern bank there is the curious water crossroads - "Four Rivers". This provides a link to the Oxford Canal via the Sheepwash Channel in one direction and there is Bulstake Stream in the other direction. The river runs through willow banks until it reaches Fiddler's Island. There used to be a weir and flash lock here; now there is the rainbow shaped Medley Footbridge crossing the main channel. On the other side of the island is Castle Mill Stream, an old navigation channel that runs to the east closer to the centre of Oxford rejoining the Thames below the lock. On the eastern bank is the open ground of Port Meadow as far as Wolvercote.
There are navigation transit markers alongside Port Meadow upstream of Medley Boat station, to allow river users to check their speed. A powered boat should not pass between the markers in under one minute.
The Thames Path crosses to the Oxford side at Osney Bridge and then crosses Fiddler's Island and Medley Footbridge returning to the western bank to continue to Godstow Lock.
| Oxford shows its back to the river below Four Rivers | Port Meadow looking upstream from Medley Footbridge |
# Polecat Creek (Deep River tributary)

Polecat Creek is a 18.91 mi (30.43 km) long 4th order tributary to the Deep River in Guilford and Randolph Counties, North Carolina.

## Variant names

According to the Geographic Names Information System, it has also been known historically as:
* Polecat River

## Course

Polecat Creek rises on the south side of Greensboro, North Carolina in Guilford County and then flows south into Randolph County to join the Deep River in Worthville, North Carolina.

## Watershed

Polecat Creek drains 56.27 square miles (145.7 km$^2$) of area, receives about 46.5 in/year of precipitation, and has a wetness index of 414.85 and is about 46% forested.
# John Mahendran

John Mahendran, credited as John, is an Indian film director and screenwriter who has worked on Tamil and Telugu and language films. John is the son of noted Tamil film maker Mahendran.

## Career

John debut film in Tamil was Sachein (2005) with Vijay, Genelia D'Souza and Bipasha Basu in the lead roles. John later worked on the independent Tamil film Aanivaer (2006), which told the story of a doctor caught up in the Sri Lankan civil war. The film won positive reviews and had a limited release across regions with Tamil diaspora. J
In the early 2010s, John has worked on the script of Settai (2013) by helping director Kannan re-work the script of Hindi film Delhi Belly and on writing dialogues for Ambikapathy, the dubbed Tamil version of Raanjhanaa (2013). Subsequently he worked as a writer on film including Kaashmora (2016) and Motta Siva Ketta Siva (2017), while working as a screenplay and dialogue writing teacher at the Bofta Film Institute based in Chennai.
In 2022, he wrote for the Tamil movie Visithiran, the official remake of Malayalam movie Joseph directed by M. Padmakumar.

## Filmography
### Director

| Year | Film | Language | Notes |
| | | | credited as John |
| 2005 | Sachein | Tamil | credited as John |
| 2007 | Aanivaer | Tamil | credited as John |

### Actor

| Year | Film | Role |
| 2022 | Raangi | Krishnamurthy |
| 2023 | Raththam | Inspector Vimal Raj |

### Writer

* All films are in Tamil including dubs. He has translated other language films into Tamil.
| Year | Film | Screenplay | Dialogues |
| 2013 | Settai | Yes | Yes |
| 2013 | Ambikapathy | No | Translated |
| 2013 | Athiradi Vettai | No | Translated |
| 2017 | Motta Shiva Ketta Shiva | No | Yes |
| 2018 | Kashmora | No | Yes |
| 2020 | Darbar | No | Yes |
| 2021 | Kabadadaari | No | Yes |
| 2022 | Visithiran | No | Yes |
| 2022 | Vikrant Rona | No | Translated |
| 2023 | Kondraal Paavam | No | Yes |
| 2023 | Agent | No | Translated |
# Potrock Run

Potrock Run is a 1.68 mi (2.70 km) long 1st order tributary to Cross Creek in Brooke County, West Virginia. This is the only stream of this name in the United States.

## Course

Potrock Run rises at Fowlerstown, West Virginia, in Brooke County, West Virginia and then flows generally north to join Cross Creek about 1 mile east of Louise, West Virginia.

## Watershed

Potrock Run drains 1.18 square miles (3.1 km$^2$) of area, receives about 40.1 in/year of precipitation, has a wetness index of 275.88, and is about 69% forested.
# Price Creek (Iowa)

Price Creek is a stream in the U.S. state of Iowa. It is a 13-mile (21 km) long tributary to the Iowa River.
Price Creek is named after Abraham Price, a pioneer settler.
# Juan Durán (footballer)

Juan Durán Dueñas (born 8 January 2001) is a Spanish footballer who plays as a left back for Navalcarnero.

## Club career

Born in Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Durán represented RSD Alcalá and Getafe CF as a youth. On 10 August 2020, after finishing his formation, he returned to Alcalá and was assigned to the first team in Tercera División.
Durán made his senior debut on 18 October 2020, coming on as a second-half substitute in a 1–1 home draw against AD Torrejón CF. He scored his first goals the following 5 May, netting a brace in a 2–1 away win over Real Aranjuez CF.
On 7 July 2021, Durán moved to CD Mirandés and was initially assigned to the reserves in Tercera División RFEF. He made his first team debut on 1 December 2021, coming on as a late substitute for Víctor Sanchís in a 3–0 away win over CD San Roque de Lepe, in the season's Copa del Rey.
Durán made his professional debut with the Jabatos on 27 May 2022, replacing Imanol García de Albéniz in a 5–1 home routing of CF Fuenlabrada. On 4 July 2023, he signed a two-year contract with Primera Federación side CF Fuenlabrada.
On 29 August 2024, Durán moved to Navalcarnero in the fourth tier.
# Reason Branch

Reason Branch is a 3.04 mi (4.89 km) long 1st order tributary to the Rocky River in Union County, North Carolina. This is the only stream of this name in the United States.

## Course

Reason Branch rises in a pond about 1 mile west of New Salem, North Carolina and then flows northeast to join the Rocky River about 3 miles north-northwest of New Salem.

## Watershed

Reason Branch drains 3.25 square miles (8.4 km$^2$) of area, receives about 48.0 in/year of precipitation, has a wetness index of 393.52, and is about 43% forested.
# Richland Creek (Deep River tributary, Guilford)

Richland Creek is a 8.76 mi (14.10 km) long 3rd order tributary to the Deep River in Guilford County, North Carolina. This stream is one of two streams named Richland Creek on the right bank of the Deep River. The other Richland Creek is in Randolph County.

## Course

Richland Creek rises in High Point, North Carolina in Guilford County and then flows east to join the Deep River about 3 miles southeast of High Point.

## Watershed

Richland Creek drains 16.11 square miles (41.7 km$^2$) of area, receives about 46.1 in/year of precipitation, and has a wetness index of 415.28 and is about 19% forested.
# Penington

Penington is a surname indicating a family origin in Pennington, Lancashire; Pennington, Cumbria; or Pennington, Hampshire. Some members of the family changed the spelling to Pennington in the 14th century.
Those bearing it include:
* David Penington (1930–2023), Australian doctor
* Isaac Penington (Lord Mayor) (1584–1661), English merchant and Lord Mayor of the City of London
* Isaac Penington (Quaker) (1616–1679), English religious activist, son of the aforementioned Isaac
* Sir Isaac Pennington (1745–1817), British physician
* John B. Penington (1825–1902), American politician
# Alexander Bárta

Alexander Bárta (9 April 1892 – January 1945) was a Slovak fencer. He competed for Czechoslovakia in the team sabre competition at the 1924 Summer Olympics.

## Biography

Alexander Bárta was born in 1892 in Levoča, to a Jewish family. In the civilian profession he was an engineer. He started fencing after the establishment of Czechoslovakia under the leadership of fencing master Šándor Salamon, the founder of the first fencing school in Košice in 1900.
Later, together with his coach, he moved to the KAC Košice club. In 1922, Bárta achieved 3rd place in sabre at the Czechoslovak Fencing Championships in Prague, and a year later in the same competition a respectable 2nd place.
At the 1924 Olympic Games in Paris, a team consisting of Jungmann, Dvořák, Bárta, Oppl, and Švorčík took 4th place in sabre fencing. In the 1920s he was the best fencer in Slovakia, and one of the best in all of Czechoslovakia.
He was killed in 1945 in Hrabušice, just before the end of World War II. He did not manage the tense situation in hiding and voluntarily surrendered to the Wehrmacht, who executed him. Later, the surviving family transferred his remains to Levoča.

## International competitions

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Event | Notes |
| Representing Czechoslovakia ||||||
| 1924 | Olympic Games | Paris, France | 4th | Sabre team | Men |

## National titles

Czechoslovak Fencing Championships:
* 1922 Prague: (Sabre)
* 1923 Prague: (Sabre)
# Peterhof landing stage

Peterhof landing stage is a mooring for hydrofoil boats, of the type Meteor, in the Lower Gardens of Peterhof Palace. It is located in northern end Sea Channel and is in a C-shaped form. The exit from it is directed aside St. Petersburg.
The mooring and foot platform are located at the open coast of Gulf of Finland. It has a length of 136.5 metres (448 ft), width of 8 metres (26 ft), it consists of a platform of 23 flights, each flight is formed by two numbers of the ferro-concrete piles united in a frame by a ferro-concrete crossbar. From above the design is blocked by ferro-concrete plates tee bars on five plates in flight.
For all visitors entry to Lower Gardens requires the purchase of tickets, but for visitors arriving by hydrofoil it is included in cost of the ticket for a sea line.
# Hossein Kamali

Hossein Kamali (Persian: حسین کمالی; born 27 July 1953) is an Iranian politician and the current secretary-general of Islamic Labour Party. He was previously Minister of Labour and Social Affairs from 1989 until 2001.

## Early life

Kamali was born in Dorood in 1953.

## Career

Kamali was the minister of labour under President Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani, a post he retained under the government of Mohammad Khatami. In October 2012, he was nominated as a potential candidate for the presidential elections in 2013 but withdrew on 11 May 2013.
# Pierre Antoine Anselme Malet

Comte Pierre Antoine Anselme Jean Laurent Malet (.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}French pronunciation:; 14 August 1773 – 9 August 1815) was a maréchal de camp, and général de brigade. He commanded the 3e régiment de chasseurs à pied (Middle Guard) at Waterloo; mortally wounded in this battle by a bullet in the left shoulder, he died of his wounds in the field-hospital at Charleroi. [citation needed]
# Martti Matilainen

Martti Matilainen (18 September 1907 – 20 October 1993) was a Finnish runner who finished fourth in the 3000 m steeplechase at the 1932 and 1936 Olympics. In 1936 he also competed in the 1500 m, but failed to reach the final. His elder brothers Jukka and Kalle were also Olympic runners.
# Communist Party in Saudi Arabia

The Communist Party in Saudi Arabia (Arabic: الحزب الشيوعي في السعودية, al-Hizb ash-Shuyu'i fi as-Sa'udiyah) was a political party in Saudi Arabia.

## History

The Communist Party in Saudi Arabia (CPSA) was formed on August 31, 1975. It had its origins in the National Renewal Front which was founded on September 23, 1954 and transformed in the National Liberation Front on October 17, 1958. The NLF was part of the Arab National Liberation Front since 1963. The communists inside the NLF had a separate organization called the Organization of Saudi Communists (OSC). The groups were targeted by a wave of arrests between 1968 and 1969. The remainder of the NLF founded the CPSA in 1975. The party membership in 1975 was however very small, and is thought to have numbered as few as 30 members. The first secretary general of the CPSA was Mustafa Wahba, a son of Hafiz Wahba who was one of the advisors of King Abdulaziz. Mustafa Wahba used the alias Mahdi Habib in the post. He held the title until 1991 when the party was dissolved.
Declining popularity caused by the collapse of the Soviet Union and the rise in popularity of political Islamism caused the party to rename itself as Democratic Assembly of Saudi Arabia (Arabic: التجمع الديموقراطي في السعودية) and take up the cause of democratic reform in the early 1990s. Soon thereafter, the government released the political prisoners of the party in exchange that the party promised to disband.

## Structure

The CPSA had a youth organization, the Union of Democratic Youth – Saudi Arabia (Ittihad ash-Shabab ad-Dimuqrati fi as-Sa'udiyah), with office in Damascus, Syria. Other organizations close to the CPSA were the Workers' Federation of Saudi Arabia, the National Union of Students of Saudi Arabia (NUSSA) and the Democratic Women's League of Saudi Arabia.
Its central organ was Tareeq al-Kadiḥeen ("Way of the Toilers").
The party was always illegal and persecuted by the regime.
Shiites were attracted to Saudi opposition groups, including the Communist Party, due to resentment at discrimination against them on religious grounds by the Saudi Government. As a result, the bulk of the members of the Communist Party were members of Saudi Arabia's Shiite community.

## Ideology

Saudi Communist Party literature was filled with critiques of the Saudi economy, discrimination against women, and of the pro-Western foreign policy of the Saudi ruling family. The Communist Party also criticized the Saudi ruling family as being corrupt.
The CPSA had close relations with other Arab communist parties and was a pro-Soviet party. In its previous inception as the National Liberation Front, the group had pursued closer ties with the National Liberation Front – Bahrain.
As part of the restructuring of the party in the early 1990s, the new Democratic Assembly took up the cause of democratic reform.
# Turkey in the Eurovision Song Contest 1980

Turkey was represented at the Eurovision Song Contest 1980 with the song "Pet'r Oil", composed by Attila Özdemiroğlu, with lyrics by Şanar Yurdatapan, and performed by Ajda Pekkan. The Turkish participating broadcaster, Türkiye Radyo ve Televizyon Kurumu (TRT), selected its entry through a national final, after having previously selected the performer internally.

## Before Eurovision
### 4. Eurovision Şarkı Yarışması Türkiye Finali

Türkiye Radyo ve Televizyon Kurumu (TRT) held the national final on 24 February 1980 at its studios in Ankara, hosted by Bülend Özveren. All songs were performed by Ajda Pekkan and the winning song was determined by an expert jury in two rounds. In the first round, the lowest-scoring song was eliminated. In the second round, "Pet'r Oil" was selected as the winning song.
First Round – 24 February 1980 :
| Draw | Song | Lyricist | Composer | Points | Place |
| 1 | "Olsam" | Adnan Yumuk | Şerif Yüzbaşıoğlu | 9 | 2 |
| 2 | "Pet'r oil" | Şanar Yurdatapan | Attila Özdemiroğlu | 11 | 1 |
| 3 | "Bir Dünya Ver Bana" | Fikret Şeneş | Cenk Taşkan | 2 | 3 |
Second Round :
| Draw | Song | Points | Place |
| 1 | "Olsam" | 10 | 2 |
| 2 | "Pet'r oil" | 12 | 1 |

## At Eurovision

The contest was broadcast on TRT Televizyon (with commentary by Bülend Özveren), and on radio station Radyo 3 (with commentary by Şebnem Savaşçı).
On the night of the contest Pekkan performed second in the running order following Austria and preceding Greece. At the close of the voting the song received 23 points, placing 15th in a field of 19 countries. This result was seen by disappointment both by Pekkan and the Turkish audience.
The Turkish jury awarded its 12 points to the Netherlands.
# Thorpe-le-Soken

Thorpe-le-Soken is a village and civil parish in the Tendring district of Essex, England. It is located east of Colchester, west of Walton-on-the-Naze and Frinton-on-Sea, and north of Clacton-on-Sea.

## History

Since 2002, archaeological investigations ahead of construction work have uncovered traces of Palaeolithic (early Clactonian 424,000-400,000 BC), Mesolithic, early Neolithic and Roman rural settlements. Thorpe-le-Soken's contiguous history can be traced back to Saxon times. In c. 970, King Æthelstan confirmed the grant of Eduluesnaesa – combined estate of Kirby, Thorpe and Walton – to St Paul’s. Soken meaning a jurisdiction with separate taxation and managerial responsibilities.
There has been a manor house at Thorpe since about 1150. The old manor house, Thorpe Hall, was owned by the Leake family, and rebuilt in the 1820s by the wealthy lawyer J.M. Leake (d. 1862). It was later leased by Frederic Foaker, owner of Sneating Hall at Kirby-le-Soken. Thorpe Hall was the home of Viscount Byng of Vimy (Governor General of Canada 1921–6), and his wife Evelyn Byng, Viscountess Byng of Vimy, who relandscaped the gardens.
Between 1690 and 1720 Thorpe housed a community of several dozen Huguenot refugees fleeing persecution in France, who are thought to have stayed at the large house still called Comarques. The house is now home to the Adams family. (Source: Huguenot Society records.) This was also the home of the famous Midlands author Arnold Bennett just before and during the First World War. (Source: contemporary issues of Essex County Standard, Arnold Bennett's Correspondence.)
The local church, St Michael's, was shown in series 2 episode 4 of the BBC's Who Do You Think You Are?, where comedian Julian Clary traced a family member to the church.

## Facilities

Thorpe-le-Soken has Rolph CofE Primary School in the High Street, and the Thorpe Campus of Tendring Technology College (Years 7, 8 and 9) in Landermere Road. The village is served by Thorpe-le-Soken railway station. The village had a post office at 29 High Street, but this closed c. 2008 and was converted into a house. The village hosts several shops, pubs and eateries.

## Notable residents

* Field Marshal Lord Byng of Vimy GCB GCMG MVO (1862–1935), an officer who served with distinction during World War I and as Governor General of Canada, lived in Thorpe-le-Soken during his retirement and died at the now demolished Thorpe Hall. He is buried at the 11th-century parish church of St. Leonard's in Beaumont-cum-Moze.
* Sir William Gull (1816 – 1890), Royal physician, and suggested as a suspect in the Jack the Ripper murders, is buried in St Michael's churchyard.
* Arnold Bennett (1867 – 1931), novelist and playwright
* Nigel Henderson (artist) (1 April 1917 – 15 May 1985), artist and photographer.
* Sir Eduardo Luigi Paolozzi (7 March 1924 – 22 April 2005), sculptor and artist
# Krypton Okesene

Krypton Okesene is a Niuean politician who was elected to a common roll seat in the Niue Assembly in the 2003 Niue Common Roll by-election that was held after the death of Hunuki Hunukitama. Okesene is a retired medical technician from Tuapa.
# Curio ficoides

Curio ficoides, syn. Senecio ficoides, also known as skyscraper senecio, Mount Everest senecio or flat-leaved senecio, is a species of succulent plant, in the genus Curio (Asteraceae), indigenous to South Africa.

## Description

A succulent, spreading shrub, it reaches over 1 meter in height. The brittle, succulent branches lose their leaves lower down. The leaves are blue-green to blue grey, pruinose, succulent, erect, tapering and flattened laterally, with translucent lines down both sides. The flower capitula have no ray florets, and appear on a terminal, branching inflorescence.

### Relatives

This is a polyploid species (2n=100). However, its closest relatives are Curio repens, Curio radicans, Curio herreanus, and Curio hallianus, which have a variable number of chromosomes.
It is easily confused with Curio talinoides, which has a similar growth habit. However, the leaves of C. talinoides are rounded-cylindrical in cross section. In contrast, the leaves of C. ficoides are usually somewhat knife-like, flattened laterally.