OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# A with macron (Cyrillic)

The Cyrillic script :
Slavic letters :
| А | А̀ | А̂ | А̄ | Ӑ | Ӓ | Б | В |
| Г | Ґ | Д | Ђ | Ѓ | Е | Ѐ | Е̂ |
| Е̄ | Ё | Є | Є́ | Ж | З | З́ | Ѕ |
| И | І | І́ | Ї | Ꙇ | Ѝ | И̂ | Ӣ |
| Й | Ӥ | Ј | К | Л | Љ | М | Н |
| Њ | О | О̀ | О̂ | О̄ | Ӧ | П | Р |
| С | С́ | Т | Ћ | Ќ | У | У̀ | У̂ |
| Ӯ | Ў | Ӱ | Ф | Х | Ц | Ч | Џ |
| Ш | Щ | Ꙏ | Ъ | Ъ̀ | Ы | Ь | Ѣ |
| Э | Ю | Ю̀ | Я | Я̀ | ʼ | ˮ | |
Non-Slavic letters :
| А̊ | А̃ | Ӓ̄ | Ӕ | Ә | Ә́ | Ә̃ | Ӛ |
| В̌ | Ԝ | Г̑ | Г̇ | Г̣ | Г̌ | Г̂ | Г̆ |
| Г̈ | Г̊ | Ҕ | Ғ | | Ӻ | Ғ̌ | Ғ̊ |
| Ӷ | Г̡ | Д́ | Д̌ | Д̈ | Д̣ | Д̆ | Ӗ |
| Е̃ | Ё̄ | Є̈ | Ԑ | Ԑ̈ | Җ | Ӝ | Ӂ |
| Ж̣ | Ҙ | Ӟ | З̌ | З̣ | З̆ | Ӡ | И̃ |
| И̇ | Ҋ | Қ | Ӄ | Ҡ | Ҟ | Ҝ | К̣ |
| К̊ | Қ̊ | Ԛ | ᴫ | Л́ | Ӆ | Ԯ | Ԓ |
| Л̈ | Ӎ | ᵸ | Н́ | Ӊ | Ң | Ԩ | Ӈ |
| Ҥ | О̆ | О̃ | Ӧ̄ | Ө | Ө̄ | Ө́ | Ө̆ |
| Ӫ | Ԥ | П̈ | Р̌ | Ҏ | С̌ | Ҫ | С̣ |
| С̱ | Т́ | Т̈ | Т̌ | Т̇ | Т̣ | Ҭ | Ᲊ |
| У̃ | У̌ | Ӳ | У̊ | Ӱ̄ | Ұ | Ү | Ү́ |
| Х̣ | Х̱ | Х̮ | Х̑ | Х̌ | Ҳ | Ӽ | Х̊ |
| Ӿ | Ӿ̊ | Һ | Һ̈ | Ԧ | Ц̌ | Ц̈ | Ҵ |
| Ҷ | Ҷ̣ | Ӵ | Ӌ | | Ҹ | Ч̇ | Ч̣ |
| Ҽ | Ҿ | Ш̣ | ꚜ | Ы̆ | Ы̄ | Ӹ | ꚝ |
| Ҍ | Ҩ | Э̆ | Э̄ | Э̇ | Ӭ | Ӭ́ | Ӭ̄ |
| Ю̆ | Ю̈ | Ю̄ | Я̆ | Я̄ | Я̈ | Ӏ | |
Archaic or unused letters :
А̨Б̀Б̣Б̱В̀Г̀Г̧Г̄Г̓Г̆Ҕ̀Ҕ̆ԀД̓Д̀Д̨ԂꚀꙢЕ̇Е̨Ж̀Ж̑ꙂꙄЏ̆ꚄꚄ̆ꙀЗ̀З̑ԄԆꚈԪꚂꚔІ̂І̣І̨Ј̵Ј̃ꙈК̓К̀К̆Ӄ̆К̑К̇К̈К̄ԞК̂Л̀ԠꙤԈЛ̑Л̇ԔМ̀М̃ꙦН̀Н̄Н̧Н̃ԊԢН̡ѺꙨꙪꙬꙮꚘꚚП̓П̀П́ҦП̧П̑ҀԚ̆Р́Р̀Р̃ԖС̀С̈ԌҪ̓Т̓Т̀ԎТ̑ꚊТ̧ꚌꚌ̆ѸꙊУ̇У̨ꙋ́Ф̑Ф̓Х́Х̀Х̆Х̇Х̧Х̾Х̓һ̱ѠꙌѼѾꙠЦ̀Ц́Ц̓ꚎꚎ̆ꚐЧ́Ч̀Ч̆Ч̑Ч̓ԬꚒꚆꚆ̆Ҽ̆Ш̀Ш̆Ш̑Щ̆ꚖꚖ̆Ъ̄Ъ̈Ъ̈̄ꙐЫ̂Ы̃Ѣ́Ѣ̈Ѣ̆ꙒЭ̨Э̂ꙔЮ̂ꙖЯ̈Я̂Я̨ԘѤѦꙘѪꙚѨꙜѬѮѰѲѴѶꙞ :
List of Cyrillic letters
List of Cyrillic multigraphs :
vte :
A with macron (А̄ а̄; italics: А̄ а̄) is a letter of the Cyrillic script. In all its forms it looks exactly like the Latin letter A with macron (Ā ā Ā ā).
A with macron is used in the Aleut (Bering dialect), Evenki, Ingush, Mansi, Nanai, Orok, Ulch, Kildin Sami, Selkup, and Chechen languages.
A with macron also appears in the Bulgarian and Serbian languages in some dialects.

## Usage
### South Slavic languages

A with macron is used in the South Slavic languages mostly in Bulgarian usually used before or after another stressed vowel: глāвà, крāкà, овчāрè, ковāчè, юнāцѝ, and граждāнè.

## Computing codes

Being a relatively recent letter, not present in any legacy 8-bit Cyrillic encoding, the letter А̄ is not represented directly by a precomposed character in Unicode either; it has to be composed as А+◌̄ (U+0304).
Character information :
| Preview | А | А | а | а | ̄ | ̄ |
| Unicode name | CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER A | CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER A | CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER A | CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER A | COMBINING MACRON | COMBINING MACRON |
| Encodings | decimal | hex | dec | hex | dec | hex |
| Unicode | 1040 | U+0410 | 1072 | U+0430 | 772 | U+0304 |
| UTF-8 | 208 144 | D0 90 | 208 176 | D0 B0 | 204 132 | CC 84 |
| Numeric character reference | &#1040; | &#x410; | &#1072; | &#x430; | &#772; | &#x304; |
| Named character reference | &Acy; | &Acy; | &acy; | &acy; | | |
# Bloody Paniai case

The Bloody Paniai case, or the Enarotali massacre (Indonesian: Kasus Paniai Berdarah / Pembantaian Enarotali) was a mass shooting by the Indonesian army from 753rd Special Raider Infantry Battalion [id] of Korem 173/Praja Vira Braja of Kodam XVII/Cendrawasih which killed five teenagers and wounded of 17 others in Enarotali, Paniai Regency, Central Papua, Indonesia on 8 December 2014.

## Events

On the night of 7 December 2014, Yulianus Yeimo (aged 14) and three of his friends in Ipakiye village criticised an Indonesian military officer for driving his motorcycle without headlights. The officer later returned to the location with four soldiers of 753rd Special Raider Infantry Battalion and violently beat the youth. Yeimo suffered severe head injuries and fell into a coma. The next day, people from the town of Enarotali, Paniai Regency protested against the torturing of Yeimo and several of his friends. The following day, about 1,000 young men, women and children gathered at a football field in Enarotali to peacefully protest against the behaviour of the army personnel when the security forces opened fire at them, killing five boys and injuring 17 others, those killed were Abia Gobay (17), Yulian Yeimo (17), Simon Degei (16), Alfius Youw (17) and Otianus Gobai (18). According to Time, based on an official document an order was sent to the soldiers through internal radio: “If the masses offer resistance more than three times, shoot them dead”.

## Aftermath

President Joko Widodo, who had just entered office in 2014 ordered the National Commission on Human Rights (Komnas HAM) to investigate the matter. On February 19, 2020 Komnas HAM declared that the shootings were a "gross human rights violation", and further accused TNI and the Indonesian police of obstructing justice regarding the incident. Yulianus Yeimo passed away in April 2018.
# Foot washing

Foot washing may refer to:
* Maundy (foot washing), a religious rite involving foot washing observed by various Christian denominations
* Wudu, the Islamic procedure for cleansing parts of the body which involves foot washing
# Too Fat Too Furious

Too Fat Too Furious (Dutch: Vet hard) is a 2005 Dutch action comedy film. It is a remake of the Danish film Old Men in New Cars and received a Golden Film for 100,000 visitors.

## Plot

Bennie, a clumsy criminal who's touchy about his weight, teams up with his adoptive father's biological (serial killer) son, his employees who in his absence turned his snack-bar into a quiche bakery, a suicidal manic-depressive woman and a Yugoslavian who unintentionally keeps blowing things up. They need to get 300.000 Euros to get Bennie's father a new liver. Complicating matters is that Bennie is being stalked by gangsters who want him to pay back a debt, the employees are more interested in cooking than in criminality, nobody can communicate with the Yugoslavian, the adoptive and biological son don't get along, and everything that can go wrong does go wrong - leaving a path of damaged buildings, people and - especially - vehicles behind.

## Cast

* Jack Wouterse as Bennie
* Kürt Rogiers as Koen Mast
* Bracha van Doesburgh as Katja Wielaard
* Jaak Van Assche as Johan Mast
* Johnny de Mol as Peter
* Cas Jansen as Martin
# Tsai Chen-chou

Tsai Chen-chou (Chinese: 蔡辰洲; 13 September 1946 – 14 May 1987) was a Taiwanese politician and businessman.

## Life and career

He was the second son of Tsai Wan-chun [zh] and a member of the Tsai family of Miaoli. The family was known outside of politics for its wealth. His brothers included Tsai Chen-nan, Tsai Chen-yang [zh], and Thomas Tsai [zh].
When the Tsai family chose to split their holdings in 1979, Tsai Chen-chou assumed control of Cathay Plastics Group. Tsai Chen-chou also led the Tenth Credit Cooperative, which had previously belonged to his uncle Tsai Wan-lin. He was elected to the Legislative Yuan as a Kuomintang representative of Taipei in December 1983. After taking office, Tsai Chen-chou and Wang Jin-pyng, among other legislators, founded the Thirteen Brotherhood Club. This group sought to make revisions to the Banking Law so that investment trust companies could be transformed into banks. A financial scandal [zh] broke in 1985, after bank runs had occurred at Tenth Credit Cooperative and Cathay Investment and Trust Company. The club disbanded after Tsai was arrested and charged with fraud. It was discovered that Tsai had acquired loans in other people's names, transferred deposits at Tenth Cooperative to CPG, and failed to pay wages to CGP employees. Despite his affiliation with the ruling party, the Legislative Yuan voted to waive immunity and permit Tsai's arrest. In March 1985, the magazine Thunder reported that Tsai had bribed Kuomintang officials to obtain a legislative nomination from the party. Tsai was sentenced to fifteen years imprisonment on charges of fraud in April 1985. Due to the extent of his actions, the longest possible sentence was 1,582 years. Tangwai publications extensively covered the legal action against Tsai, alongside the murder of Henry Liu, inciting the Kuomintang to confiscate Tangwai publications. Tsai Wan-lin gave Tsai Chen-chou a one-time $7.5 million loan over the course of the scandal, but would not help him further. Tsai Chen-chou died in prison in 1987, of liver disease. Following the arrest of David Chou in 2003, the Taipei Times noted that Tsai and Huang Hsin-chieh were the only legislators to have been jailed during the authoritarian Kuomintang era.
# 2006 Danish Cup final

The 2006 Danish Cup final was the final and deciding match of the 2005–06 Danish Cup. It took place on Thursday 11 May 2006 at Parken Stadium in Copenhagen and saw the 1st Division leaders Randers FC beat Superliga club Esbjerg fB after extra time.
Randers have won the Cup on three previous occasions (1967, 1968 and 1973). As well as 1976, Esbjerg also won the Cup in 1964.
In the Superliga in 2005-06, Esbjerg finished sixth and in Viasat Sport Division is Randers currently leading.
Referee Kim Milton Nielsen officiated the match.

## Road to Copenhagen

| Esbjerg | Esbjerg | Esbjerg | Randers FC | Randers FC | Randers FC |
| | | Third round | Third round | Sædding/Guldager IF A 13-0 | Johansen 7, 70 Larsen 20 Rask 24, 27, 42, 51 Pedersen 26, 37 Sandberg 32, 60 Fabinho 80, 88 |
| | | Fourth round | Fourth round | AGF H 2-0 | Sandberg 45 Hansen 66 |
| Lyngby BK A 5-4p | - | Fifth round | Fifth round | AC Horsens H 2-0 | Fabinho 15 Lundberg 87 |
| B 1909 A 3-1 | Berglund 1, 75 Klarström 54 | Quarter finals | Quarter finals | BK Frem H 3-0 | Fabinho 50 da Silva 80 Johansen 85 |
| Brøndby IF H 5-2 | Zimling 11 Lucena 31 Hansen 33 (p) Berglund 80, 90 | Semi finals First leg | Semi finals First leg | AaB H 0-0 | - |
| Brøndby IF A 0-1 | - | Second leg | Second leg | AaB A 1-1 | Jakobsen 73 (og) |
* Randers started in third round.
* Esbjerg started in fifth round.
* Square brackets [ ] represent the opposition's division.

## Match facts

ESBJERG FB :
| GK | 16 | Lars Winde (C) | |
| RB | 2 | Frank Hansen | |
| CB | 3 | Anders Møller Christensen | 87' |
| CB | 17 | Lars Christian Nielsen | |
| LB | 13 | Martin Jensen | |
| RM | 25 | Michaël Murcy | 68' |
| CM | 6 | Niki Zimling | |
| CM | 21 | Jerry Lucena | |
| LM | 5 | Anders Nøhr | 81' |
| FW | 9 | Njogu Demba-Nyrén | |
| FW | 11 | Fredrik Berglund | |
| Substitutes: ||||
| GK | 1 | Jan Hoffmann | |
| DF | 4 | Kolja Afriyie | 87' |
| FW | 8 | Lasse Kryger | 81' |
| MF | 15 | Andreas Klarström | 68' |
| Manager: ||||
| Troels Bech ||||
RANDERS FC :
| GK | 1 | Martin S. Jensen | |
| RB | 8 | Søren Pedersen | |
| CB | 3 | Ralf Pedersen(C) | |
| CB | 5 | John Sandberg | |
| LB | 12 | Jonas Damborg | |
| RM | 7 | Alex da Silva | 71' |
| CM | 99 | Stig Tøfting | 75' |
| CM | 14 | Kenneth Møller Pedersen | |
| LM | 16 | Carsten Fredgaard | 110' |
| FW | 10 | Karsten Johansen | 101' 116' |
| FW | 23 | Lars Larsen | 77' |
| Substitutes: ||||
| GK | 26 | Mads Toppel | |
| FW | 9 | Jesper Christiansen | 77' |
| DF | 13 | Søren Holdgaard | 110' |
| MF | 15 | Rasmus Hansen | 71' |
| Manager: ||||
| Lars Olsen ||||
* MATCH RULES
* 90 minutes.
* 2 x 15 minutes of extra-time if necessary.
* Penalty shootout if scores still level.
* Four named substitutes
* Maximum of 3 substitutions.
# NEGO

NEGO (born January 18, 2002) also known as Genc Avdyli is an Albanian record producer, singer and songwriter. He is best known for his hit song "Karma" which he released in 2020.

## Life and career

NEGO was born and raised in Kosovo. He started his career in 2018 as a beatmaker and later as a singer. In 2019, he released his debut song, Gianni.
In September 2020, as a record producer and singer, NEGO released the music video Bandita in collaboration with Valo93. Later in December 2020, he released Karma, which became an instant hit garnering over 7 million views on YouTube.
In 2021, NEGO released another video song, Tu E Lut, which he composed and produced. He also composed music and published a video clip for Ke Ndryshu'. Later in the same year, he also released the music video Paranoja.
In 2022, NEGO released various music videos, including Bebe and Fajsom. In October 2022, he collaborated with the artist 2Ton for the music video Monotonia.

## Discography

| Year | Release |
| 2019 | Gianni |
| 2020 | Bad Bitch |
| 2020 | Star |
| 2020 | Sorry |
| 2020 | Bandita |
| 2020 | Karma |
| 2021 | Tu E Lut |
| 2021 | Ke Ndryshu |
| 2021 | Pa Pi |
| 2021 | Ex |
| 2021 | Kallma |
| 2022 | Bebe |
| 2022 | Forever |
| 2022 | Fajsom |
| 2022 | Monotonia |
# On-demand

On-demand or on demand may refer to:

## Manufacturing

* Build-on-demand
* Just-in-time manufacturing, a methodology for production
* Print on demand, printing technology and business process in which new copies of a document are not printed until an order has been received

## Computing and Internet

* Certification on demand, a digital certificate process
* Code on demand, a concept in distributed computing
* Software as a service (SaaS), also referred to as on-demand software
* On demand anti-virus protection, security tools used to detect and remove malware on an on-demand basis
* Ballot on Demand, software used to generate paper ballots, provided by Election Systems & Software
* Gaming on demand, a type of online gaming
* On-demand event is pre-recorded materials available anytime
* Content on demand:
** Video on demand, a type of streaming video or movie service used by services such as Netflix
** Music on demand, music streaming services like iTunes

## Television and video media providers

* Astro On Demand, base a subscription Hong Kong TVB Channel
* Bell Fibe TV OnDemand
* Comcast Xfinity OnDemand
* On Demand (Sky), a video on demand service for BSkyB's Sky satellite TV service
* OnDemand, UK-based TV company owned by the On Demand Group
* Rogers Cable OnDemand
* Time Warner Cable OnDemand

## Other uses

* Demand responsive transport, public transit service
* Personal rapid transit, an on-demand transport service
# Dhondo Keshav Karve

Dhondo Keshav Karve (18 April 1858 – 9 November 1962) (pronunciation), popularly known as Maharshi Karve, was a social reformer in India in the field of women's welfare. He advocated widow remarriage, and he himself remarried a widow as a widower. Karve was a pioneer in promoting widows' education. He founded the first women's university in India, the SNDT Women's University in 1916. The Government of India awarded him with the highest civilian award, the Bharat Ratna, in 1958, the year of his 100th birthday. He organized a conference against the practice of devdasi. He started 'Anath balikashram' an orphanage for girls. His intention was to give education to all women and make them stand on their own feet. Through his efforts, the first women university was set up in 20th century.
The appellation Maharshi, which the Indian public often assigned to Karve, means "great sage".

## Biography
### Early life and education

Dhondo Keshav Karve was born on 18 April 1858, at Sheravali, in Ratnagiri district of Maharashtra. He belonged to a lower middle-class family and his father's name was Keshav Bapunna Karve.
In 1884, he graduated with a degree in mathematics from Elphinstone College.

### Career

During 1891–1914, Karve taught mathematics at Fergusson College in Pune, Maharashtra.
In 1929, he visited Europe, America and Japan. During these travels, he met Albert Einstein. During this world tour, he also raised funds for the university.

## Autobiographical works

Karve wrote two autobiographical works: Ātmawrutta (1928) in Marathi, and Looking Back (1936) in English.

## Depictions in popular culture

The Marathi play Himalayachi Saavli (हिमालयाची सावली) (literal meaning, "The Shadow of the Himalayas". Contextually it means, under the cover of Himalaya) by Vasant Kanetkar, published in 1972, is loosely based on the life of Karve. The character of Nanasaheb Bhanu is a composite character based on Karve and other Marathi social reformers of the late 19th and early 20th century. The play itself depicts the tension between Bhanu/Karve's public life as a social reformer and his family life due to the social backlash and economic hardships his children and wife had to endure.
The Story of Dr. Karve is a 1958 documentary film directed by Neil Gokhale and Ram Gabale. It was produced by the Government of India's Films Division.
The 2001 film Dhyaas Parva (ध्यास पर्व) by Amol Palekar, based on the life of Karve's son Raghunath, also depicts the Karve family, and their social reformation projects. Taluka Dapoli, a research based initiative, made a documentary on life of Maharshi Dhondo Keshav Karve in 2017.

## Awards and honours

* 1942 – awarded Doctor of Letters (D.Litt.) by Banaras Hindu University
* 1951 – awarded D.Litt. by Pune University
* 1954 – awarded D.Litt. by S.N.D.T. University
* 1955 – awarded Padma Vibhushan by the Government of India
* 1957 – awarded LL.D. by University of Mumbai
* 1958 – awarded Bharat Ratna, the highest civilian award of India, by the Government of India
In his honour, Karvenagar in Pune was named after him & Queen's Road in Mumbai (Bombay) was renamed to Maharshi Karve Road.
# Rawbelle, Queensland

Rawbelle is a rural locality in the North Burnett Region, Queensland, Australia. In the 2021 census, Rawbelle had a population of 51 people.

## Geography

Rawbelle has the following mountains:
* Mount Clairvoyant (25°00′46″S 150°38′00″E﻿ / ﻿25.0128°S 150.6333°E﻿ / -25.0128; 150.6333﻿ (Mount Clairvoyant)) 454 metres (1,490 ft)
* Mount Runsome (25°02′21″S 150°39′13″E﻿ / ﻿25.0392°S 150.6535°E﻿ / -25.0392; 150.6535﻿ (Mount Runsome)) 454 metres (1,490 ft)
* Red Mountain (25°01′06″S 150°43′27″E﻿ / ﻿25.0184°S 150.7242°E﻿ / -25.0184; 150.7242﻿ (Red Mountain)) 447 metres (1,467 ft)
* The Pinnacle (25°01′43″S 150°41′22″E﻿ / ﻿25.0285°S 150.6895°E﻿ / -25.0285; 150.6895﻿ (The Pinnacle)) 401 metres (1,316 ft)
There are a number of protected areas in the locality:
* two sections of the Montour State Forest in the north-west of the locality, which extend into neighbouring Camboon
* Trevethan State Forest in the south-west of the locality which extends into neighbouring Eidsvold West
* Hefferon State Forest in the south of the locality
Apart from these protected areas, the land use is grazing on native vegetation.

## History

Rawbelle pastoral station was established by Adolphus Henry Trevethan in 1848 with the homestead on the southern bank of the Nogo River, now marked by a date palm and a plaque. In March 1852, Trevethan was killed by local Aboriginal people. The homestead site was moved further north in 1890. The land of Rawbelle station was reduced by the Upper Burnett and Callide Valley Land Settlement Scheme in 1923, which encourages closer settlement. A town site called Rawbelle was surveyed in 1872 close to the original homestead site.

## Demographics

In the 2016 census, Rawbelle had a population of 56 people.
In the 2021 census, Rawbelle had a population of 51 people.

## Heritage listings

Rawbelle has a number of heritage-listed sites, including:
* Rawbelle Cemetery and Homestead Site, off Old Rawbelle Road

## Education

There are no schools in Rawbelle. The nearest government primary schools are Thangool State School in Thangool to the north, Monto State School in Monto to the north-east, and Abercorn State School in Abercorn to the south-east.The nearest government secondary school is Monto State High School, also in Monto. However, for students in the south-western parts of Rawbelle, the distances to these primary and secondary schools would be too far for a daily commute; the alternatives are distance education and boarding school.
# Tulshiganga River

Tulshiganga River (Bengali: তুলসিগঙ্গ নদী, romanized: Tulasigaṅga Nadī) is in Joypurhat District, Bangladesh. Residents have accused the state-owned Joypurhat Sugar Mill of polluting the river.

## Early history

Tulshiganga is an important river of the district. It enters the district near the village of Mukindapur, in Panchbibi thana from the Dinajpur district. Entering this district it runs south-west in a meandering course till it falls in the Jamuna, near Akkelpur. The river beyond this point is known as the Jamuna and flowing past Naogaon District falls into the Atrai. The principal places on its banks are pathuriaghatA where there are some old relics. It runs a course of about forty miles in this district.
Another river, the Chhiri nadi also enters this district from Dinajpur near village Salna in the Panchbibi thana. It flows in the district for about thirty miles and then falls in the Jamuna near Khanjanpur.
From near Khanjanpur a small stream takes off. from Tulshjganga. Flowing for a course of about fifteen miles, it falls again in the Tulshjganga. There is a narrow canal, which is dry in several places during the greater part of the year. It is an artificial branch of the Jamuna and is said to have been excavated about 200 years ago by one Rajib Lochan Mondol, a rich merchant Zamindar of Belamla. It was dug for the purpose of connecting Jamuna with Tulshiganga. This canal, Kata Ja.munD, as it is known, starts from Sikola, near Khanjanpur and proceeding almost directly south for about eighteen miles, joins the Tul- shiganga a little above Akkelpur. Ja malganj, a rising centre of trade and a railway station, is situated on its bank.
# Abbye "Pudgy" Stockton

Abbye "Pudgy" Stockton, née Eville (August 11, 1917 – June 26, 2006), was an American professional strongwoman and forerunner of present-day female bodybuilders, who became famous through her involvement with Muscle Beach in the 1940s.

## Early life

Abbye Eville was born on August 11, 1917, and moved to Santa Monica, California, in 1924. She acquired the nickname "Pudgy" as a child, and the name stuck, even though she weighed approximately 115 pounds at a height of 5'2". She began dating UCLA student Les Stockton during her senior year of high school; they were married in 1941.

## Career

Stockton and her husband were frequent visitors to Muscle Beach, where they primarily worked on acrobatics and gymnastics. One of their most famous feats involved Pudgy serving as the "understander", supporting Les (180 pounds) over her head in a hand to hand stand. Pudgy quickly became a media favorite, and was included in pictorials in Life, Pic, and Laff. She was also featured in the newsreels Whatta Build and Muscle Town USA, as well as ads for Ritamine Vitamin Company and the Universal Camera Company. She estimated that she was featured on the cover of forty-two magazines by the end of the 1940s. She posed with many of the top male bodybuilders of the time, including John Grimek and Steve Reeves.
From 1944 to 1954, Stockton wrote a regular column on women's training, "Barbelles", in Strength & Health magazine, then the most influential fitness magazine in the world.
She helped organize the first Amateur Athletic Union-sanctioned weightlifting competition for women, which was held in 1947. In that contest, Stockton pressed 100 pounds, snatched 105 pounds, and clean and jerked 135 pounds.
Physique contests for women were virtually non-existent in the 1940s, and Stockton held only one such title during her career – she was named "Miss Physical Culture Venus" in 1948. She received the Steve Reeves International Society Pioneer Award in 1998 and was inducted into the IFBB (International Fitness and Bodybuilding Federation) Hall of Fame in 2000.
Pudgy and husband Les had a daughter. Les died on April 19, 2004, at the age 87 from melanoma. Abbye died on June 26, 2006, at the age of 88 from complications due to Alzheimer's disease.