OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# White Oak Run (Roaring Brook tributary)

White Oak Run is a tributary of Roaring Brook in Lackawanna County, Pennsylvania, in the United States. It is approximately 2.3 miles (3.7 km) long and flows through Jefferson Township, Madison Township, and Roaring Brook Township. The watershed of the stream has an area of 3.22 square miles (8.3 km$^2$). The stream flows through the Curtis Reservoir, which is dammed by the Curtis Dam. The surficial geology in the vicinity of the stream's mouth includes alluvium, Wisconsinan Till, and bedrock.

## Course

White Oak Run begins in Jefferson Township. It flows south-southwest for a few tenths of a mile and enters a lake. From the southern end of the lake, it flows south for several tenths of a mile before crossing Pennsylvania Route 590 and entering the Curtis Reservoir, where it flows southwest and enters Madison Township. At the southwestern edge of the reservoir, the stream turns west and enters Roaring Brook Township. A short distance further downstream, it reaches its confluence with Roaring Brook at the Elmhurst Reservoir.
White Oak Run joins Roaring Brook 11.78 miles (18.96 km) upstream of its mouth.

### Tributaries

White Oak Run has no named tributaries. However, it does have two unnamed tributaries, both of which enter the stream from the right. One of the tributaries reaches its confluence with White Oak Run in the Curtis Reservoir.

## Geography and geology

The elevation near the mouth of White Oak Run is 1,417 feet (432 m) above sea level. The elevation near the source of the stream is between 1,680 and 1,700 feet (510 and 520 m).
The surficial geology in the vicinity of the lower reaches of White Oak Run consists of alluvium. Slightly further from the stream, there are areas of a glacial or resedimented till known as Wisconsinan Till, as well as bedrock containing conglomeratic sandstone, sandstone, and shale.

## Watershed

The watershed of White Oak Run has an area of 3.22 square miles (8.3 km$^2$). A reach of the stream is within the United States Geological Survey quadrangle of Moscow.
A 72-acre (29-hectare) reservoir known as the Curtis Reservoir is situated on White Oak Run. It is dammed by the Curtis Dam. In the late 1970s, the dam was judged to be unsafe, but not in critical condition. The reason for this was an inadequate spillway that was only capable of handling 17 percent of the Probable Maximum Flood without overtopping the dam. A failure of the Curtis Dam could cause a failure of the Elmhurst Dam further downstream, which could lead to a loss of life.

## History

White Oak Run was entered into the Geographic Names Information System on August 2, 1979. Its identifier in the Geographic Names Information System is 1193654.
In the early 2000s, the Lackawanna River Watershed Conservation Plan recommended that Roaring Brook Township, Madison Township, and Jefferson Township include protection of Keyser Creek in their zoning plans.
# White Oak Run (Loyalhanna Creek tributary)

White Oak Run is a 4.58 mi (7.37 km) long 3rd order tributary to Loyalhanna Creek in Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania.

## Variant names

According to the Geographic Names Information System, it has also been known historically as:
* Whiteoak Run

## Course

White Oak Run rises on the Indian Creek divide about 0.25 miles (0.40 km) northeast of Kregar in Westmoreland County. White Oak Run then flows northeast to meet Loyalhanna Creek about 0.25 miles (0.40 km) north of Weaver Mill, Pennsylvania.

## Watershed

White Oak Run drains 9.15 square miles (23.7 km$^2$) of area, receives about 49.9 in/year of precipitation, has a topographic wetness index of 378.29, and has an average water temperature of 8.74 °C. The watershed is 92% forested.
# White Store Brook

White Store Brook is a river in Chenango County, New York. It flows into Unadilla River in White Store.
# Whiteday Creek

Whiteday Creek is a stream in the U.S. state of West Virginia.
The name derives from an Indian tribal leader, Opekiska, whose name translated to English as "White Day".
# Dude Duck

Dude Duck is a 1951 American animated short film featuring Donald Duck, directed by Jack Hannah and produced by Walt Disney. In the short film, Donald goes on vacation to a dude ranch and gets a totally uncooperative horse as a mount.

## Plot

Donald is vacationing at a dude ranch. After all the beautiful women pick the best horses, Donald ends up with the sad-sack Rover Boy, who wants nothing to do with him.

## Voice cast

* Clarence Nash as Donald Duck and Rover Boy

## Re-release

The short was re-released with DuckTales the Movie: Treasure of the Lost Lamp on August 3, 1990.

## Television

* Disneyland, episode #2.22: "On Vacation" (1954)
* Good Morning, Mickey, episode #1 (1983)
* Vacationing With Mickey and Friends (1984)
* Donald Takes a Holiday (1986)
* Disney's Rootin' Tootin' Roundup (1990)
* Mickey's Mouse Tracks, episode #1 (1992)
* Donald's Quack Attack, episode #22 (1992)
* The Ink and Paint Club, episode #1.30: "'50s Donald" (1997)

## Home media

The short was released on November 11, 2008, on Walt Disney Treasures: The Chronological Donald, Volume Four: 1951-1961.
Additional releases include:
* On Vacation with Mickey Mouse and Friends (VHS)
# Aghasi Manukyan

Aghasi Manukyan (Armenian: Աղասի Մանուկյան, 27 February 1967 – 19 March 2018) was an Armenian Greco-Roman wrestler. He was a World Cup winner and World Champion. Manukyan earned the Honoured Master of Sports of the USSR Master of Sports of International Class title in 1987.

## Biography

Aghasi Manukyan was born 27 February 1967 in Leninakan (now Gyumri), Soviet Armenia. He started wrestling in 1977 under the coaching of Aram Sargsyan. In 1984 he won the Espoir European Championships and in 1987 he won the Espoir World Championships. Manukyan was recruited into the USSR national Greco-Roman wrestling team in 1988. That same year, he came in first place at the Wrestling World Cup team competition.
After Armenia gained its independence from the Soviet Union, Manukyan began representing his native country. Manukyan won a gold medal at the 1993 World Wrestling Championships in his debut as an Armenian wrestler. Manukyan was the first ever wrestler from the independent Armenia to become a Wrestling World Champion in either Greco-Roman or freestyle wrestling. He was also the second athlete to become a World Champion under the flag of Armenia, after Nshan Munchyan. Manukyan won two silver medals at the European Wrestling Championships in 1994 and 1995. He also competed at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta.
In 1996, he finished his wrestling career and began coaching. Manukyan coached the Armenian national junior Greco-Roman wrestling team from 1998 to 1999. From 2001 to 2004, he worked in the Sports Committee of the Shirak region of Armenia. In 2006, he moved to the United States. After 2011, he worked at the Olympic training center located in Marquette.

## Personal life

Aghasi has two brothers who are also wrestlers. His brother Michael (born 1964) was a Soviet Champion and European Youth Champion of the USSR in Greco-Roman wrestling and his brother Samvel (born 1974) was a Champion of Armenia and fellow Olympian at the 1996 Summer Olympics.
# Crimean Campaign (1575)

The Crimean Campaign was launched by the Zaporozhian Ataman Bohdan Ruzhynsky jointly with Don Cossacks against the Crimean Khanate, on September 1575.

## Prelude

Bohdan Ruzhynsky was elected as Kosh Otaman of the Zaporozhian Sich, responsible for leading Cossacks into battles and campaigns. Ataman Ruzhynsky fought and defeated many Tatars in Podolia region. Ivan IV requested Ataman Ruzhynsky to launch a joint campaign with Don Cossacks into Crimea, which he accepted. Ruzhynsky took advantage of the main Crimean Tatar army of Khan Devlet Giray currently being in Podolia during September, proceeding to launch his campaign.

## Campaign

Ataman Ruzhynsky caught Tatar garrison of Perekop by surprise, defeating them and capturing the city. Seizure of Perekop was accompanied by massacre of Tatar civilians and looting. Ruzhynsky headed to the residence of Murza Perekopský. Cossacks managed to defeat Tatar troops defending Murza's residence and after clash captured the Murza, interrogating him. Afterwards, he ordered Cossacks to impale Murza Perekopský. Ruzhynsky received the news of Tatar attachment which returned from raid on Podolia, now attacking Cossack convoy heading out of Crimea with loot. Ataman ordered to burn Tatar settlements and head to Perekop in order to assist attacked convoy. Cossacks barely defeated the Tatar detachment, freeing captives taken by Tatars. Ruzhynsky made a decision to leave Crimea with loot, due to the risk of being ambushed by Nogais if they went any further into Crimea, while carrying all the loot.

## Aftermath

Tatar detachment brought around 50,000 captives with them to Crimea after their raid on Podolia, but these captives were freed after Cossack victory against the returning Tatar detachment. Crimea was devastated, Khan Devlet Giray's property was looted and Tatars suffered heavy losses. Ruzhynsky's campaign was seen as a great success in the Sich. However, Ruzhynsky felt like he only avenged his wife, but not his mother and son, who died in Tatar attacks. Ruzhynsky's desire for revenge drove him to conduct more campaigns against the Crimean Khanate, Nogai Horde and even Ottoman Empire. Ataman Ruzhynsky became popular in European states, including Russia which shared common enemies.
# El Heredero

El Heredero is the second studio album by Puerto Rican reggaeton artist Miguelito. Some of the reggaeton artists that accompany him on his album are Divino, Randy, Gol2 and Daddy Yankee. This album was the Best Latin Children Album in the 2008 Latin Grammy Awards.

## Promotion

The first single from the album was “La Escuela”, whose video was shot in the classrooms of the Antilles Military Academy in Trujillo Alto under the direction of David Impelluso. Under the direction of Georgia Rivera and the photography of Rafy Molinary, Miguelito recorded the video for the single "Mochila de Amor", which he performs alongside Divino. The style of this song is based on bachata and reggaetón. "El son del boom" featuring Daddy Yankee, was the last single, a "vacilón" song that, according to the young singer, encourages those who are at home to "turn on the radio and dance".

## Track listing

| # | Title | Producer(s) | Length |
| 1 | "Intro" | Luis Colon "Hednocker" | 0:57 |
| 2 | "Game Over" | Miguel Marquez "Escobar"/Raul Santiago "Raidy" Luis Almonte | 2:52 |
| 3 | "La Escuela (Mi Primer Amor)" | Miguel Marquez "Escobar"/Raul Santiago "Raidy" | 3:14 |
| 4 | "Al Son Del Boom (Feat. Daddy Yankee)" | Luis Almonte | 3:38 |
| 5 | "El Maltrato" | Luis Almonte | 3:15 |
| 6 | "Mochila De Amor (Feat. Divino)" | Mambo Kingz | 3:20 |
| 7 | "Li'l Boss" | Miguel Marquez "Escobar" Andres Arroyo "Zoprano" | 3:05 |
| 8 | "Ella Quiere Mambo" | Luis Almonte | 3:27 |
| 9 | "Asi Sere" | Armando Rosario "Diesel" | 3:59 |
| 10 | "Quieren Ser Como Miguel" | Oscar Lebron "Kalin" | 3:27 |
| 11 | "Put Your Hands Up" | Paul Irizarry "Echo"/Michael Colon "Effect-O" | 3:42 |
| 12 | "Lola (Feat. Goldo Flow)" | Urba & Monserrate | 3:10 |
| 13 | "Kakoteo (Feat. La Sista)" | Rafael Urbaez "Mercenario" | 3:33 |
| 14 | "Como Un Niño" | Paul Almonte/Luis Almonte | 2:45 |
| 15 | "Tranquilo Huey (Remix) (Feat Randy)" | Raymond Diaz "Memo" | 3:28 |
| 16 | "Montala (Spanglish Remix)" | Raymond Diaz "Memo" | 3:07 |

## Awards

On November 13, 2008, El Heredero won a Latin Grammy Award for Best Latin Children Album. The Dominican-Puerto Rican singer Miguelito became the youngest recipient in the history of the Latin Grammy Awards.
# Sinumelon

Sinumelon is a genus of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Camaenidae. Sinumelon is the type genus of the subfamily Sinumeloninae.

## Species

Species within the genus Sinumelon include:
* Sinumelon bednalli
# Mike Smet

Mike Smet (born 6 March 1991) is a Belgian professional footballer who plays for Heist, as a right-back.

## Career

After playing for their youth team, Smet made his senior debut for Germinal Beerschot in the 2007–08 season.
# Youngcane Creek

Youngcane Creek is a stream in the U.S. state of Georgia.
The stream was named after Young Cane, the son of Long Cane, a Cherokee chieftain. Variant names are "Pine Log Creek" and "Young Cane Creek".
# Sam Galbraith

Samuel Laird Galbraith (18 October 1945 – 18 August 2014) was a Scottish politician and neurosurgeon who served as Minister for Environment, Sport and Culture from 2000 to 2001 and Minister for Children and Education from 1999 to 2000. Galbraith was a Member of the Scottish Parliament (MSP) for Strathkelvin and Bearsden from 1999 to 2001, and a Member of Parliament (MP) in the British House of Commons for the equivalent seat from 1987 to 2001.
The Labour/Liberal Democrat coalition faced demands from Scottish National Party (SNP) politicians, including future First Minister Nicola Sturgeon, for Galbraith to resign after the SQA examinations controversy in 2000.

## Early life

Galbraith was born in Clitheroe, Lancashire, to Samuel Galbraith and Catherine Navin. He was educated at Greenock High School. He studied at Glasgow University, where he received honours in medicine. Galbraith was a respected neurosurgeon, who worked at Glasgow's Southern General Hospital.

## Political career

At the 1987 general election, he was returned as Member of Parliament for the Strathkelvin and Bearsden constituency, and held the seat until standing down at the 2001 general election. He was a Scottish Office Minister between 1997 and 1999.
Galbraith served as Minister for Children and Education in the Scottish Executive under Donald Dewar from 1999 to 2000 and then as Minister for Environment, Sport and Culture. On 20 March 2001 he announced his resignation from ministerial office and his parliamentary seats for health reasons.

## Personal life

He was married in 1987 to Nicola Tennant, and they had three daughters, Mhairi, Heather and Fiona. In prior years he was an avid mountaineer who had climbed all the Munros and also climbed in the Alps and Himalayas.
Galbraith received a lung transplant in 1990, at Freeman's Hospital Newcastle (where he continued to receive treatment), due to fibrosing alveolitis, a condition that his elder sister died from.
From 2006 he was chairman of the Scottish Maritime Museum with facilities at Irvine, North Ayrshire and Dumbarton.
He died on 18 August 2014.
# Siege of Sergiopolis (542)

The Siege of Sergipolis was a siege of the Byzantine fortress of Sergiopolis by the Sasanian army under the command of Khosrow I during the Lazic War. Retreating from the city, the Sassanids headed to Euphratia for their upcoming invasion of Palestine.

## Background

When the troops of Belisarius were concentrated in Mesopotamia, Khosrow decided to take advantage of their absence. He invaded the Caucasus and captured the Byzantine fortress of Petra. From here he headed towards Sergiopolis, in order to receive the tribute promised by the local patriarch.

## Siege

After the siege of the fortress, Khosrow tried to take it by cunning, but a Saracen named Ambros, who served in the Persian army, warned the garrison about the impending trap. Upon learning of the failure of the first plan, the king of the Sassanians sent his entire army to storm the fortress, but the garrison withstood their charge, despite having thoughts of surrendering. Ambros again informed the Byzantines of important information: there was very little food in the Sassanian camp. The next day, the Persian troops, having failed under the walls of the city, left their camp and continued their raid into the territory of Byzantium.
# Ole Monsen Mjelde

Ole Monsen Mjelde (12 September 1865 – 7 March 1942) was a Norwegian politician of the Liberal Party who served as the Minister of Labour 1920, 1921–1923, 1924–1926, 1928–1931 and 1933–1935, and also as head Ministry of Provisioning in 1921.
# Acbas

Acbas (Akbas) or Arbas was a Sasanian fortress built in the 570s in Arzanene district, Armenia right on the Roman-Persian border. It was perched on a hill on the east bank of the Nymphius river (modern Batman River), roughly opposite Martyropolis. It was several miles distant from the fortresses of Aphoum and Chlomaron.
In 583 the Roman general Aulus or John Mystacon invested Acbas and began a blockade. The garrison asked for help using signal fires. The Persian force under Kardarigan that was besieging the nearby fortress of Aphumon came for assistance and repelled the Romans, who retired across Nymphius into the Roman territories. As a result, Emperor Maurice recalled the general and replaced him with Philippicus as the commander of the armies in the East. According to Theophylact, the Persians were victorious. However, according to John, by the end of the year, Acbas fell to the Romans who destroyed it after capturing it.
# Mintōren

The Young Koreans Against Ethnic Discrimination in Japan (Japanese: 民族差別と闘う連絡協議会), abbreviated as Mintohren or Mintōren, is a grass-roots movement created by young Koreans in Japan ("Zainichi Koreans") to combat ethnic discrimination by encouraging a multicultural and positive approach to integration of Koreans into Japanese society.
The movement started in the 1970s as a joint effort of three groups: Mukuge no Kai, founded by Lee Kyung-jae in 1972 in Osaka, Tokkabi Kodomo Kai, founded in 1974 in Osaka, and Seikyu Sha, founded in 1974 in Tokyo. In 1985, they began a campaign in Takatsuki, Osaka Prefecture which resulted in the establishment of a division in the city board of education devoted exclusively to education for ethnic Koreans, and the elimination of the requirement that city employees hold Japanese nationality. They also played an important role in the 1980s struggle against the requirement that all foreign residents, including Special Permanent Residents like the Zainichi Koreans, give their fingerprints to police; they organised refusers from different parts of Japan, as well as providing information and increasing awareness of their campaign.
In contrast to the South Korean-affiliated Mindan and North Korean-affiliated Chongryon, Mintohren emphasises local identities and issues, and rejects the idea that Zainichi Koreans are foreigners with a homeland in Korea and should concern themselves with problems of Korean politics. Instead, they highlight the fact that Zainichi Koreans were born and raised in Japan and intend to continue to make it their home.
# Christen Elster

Christen Elster (1763–1833) was a Norwegian civil servant and politician. He served as the County Governor of Nordland county from 1811 until 1815. He was then appointed as the County Governor of Nordre Trondhjem county from 1815 until his death in 1833. His descendants include Kristian Elster (born 1841) and Kristian Elster (born 1881).
# Garra elongata

Garra elongata is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Garra from Manipur in north eastern India and possibly Myanmar.
# Branden Horton

Branden Horton (born 9 September 2000) is an English professional footballer who plays as a left-back for National League club Gateshead.

## Career
### Doncaster Rovers

Born in Doncaster, Horton began his career with Doncaster Rovers, making two EFL Trophy appearances for the club in the 2018–19 season.
He moved on loan to Gainsborough Trinity in November 2018.
Horton turned professional with Doncaster in April 2019.
At the end of August 2019 he returned to Gainsborough Trinity, initially on a one month loan. The loan was extended in October 2019.
On 21 September 2020, Horton joined Southern League Premier Division Central side Redditch United on loan until January 2021. On 15 January 2021, Horton was recalled by parent club Doncaster Rovers.
He made his Football League debut on 16 March 2021. Following relegation to League Two, Horton was released by the club at the end of the 2021–22 season.

### Chesterfield

On 14 June 2022, Horton agreed to join National League club Chesterfield upon the expiration of his contract with Doncaster Rovers on 1 July. On 11 January 2024 it was announced that Horton's contract had been extended until the summer of 2025.

### Gateshead

On 5 February 2025, Horton returned to the National League, signing for Gateshead.

## Career statistics

    As of match played 25 January 2025
Appearances and goals by club, season and competition :
| Club | Season | League | League | League | FA Cup | FA Cup | League Cup | League Cup | Other | Other | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Doncaster Rovers | 2018–19 | League One | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 |
| Doncaster Rovers | 2019–20 | League One | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Doncaster Rovers | 2020–21 | League One | 11 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 11 | 0 |
| Doncaster Rovers | 2021–22 | League One | 20 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 28 | 3 |
| Doncaster Rovers | Total | Total | 31 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 6 | 0 | 41 | 3 |
| Gainsborough Trinity (loan) | 2018–19 | Northern Premier League | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | – | – | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 |
| Gainsborough Trinity (loan) | 2019–20 | Northern Premier League | 8 | 1 | 2 | 0 | – | – | 1 | 0 | 11 | 1 |
| Redditch United (loan) | 2020–21 | Southern League Premier Division Central | 8 | 0 | 1 | 1 | — | — | 1 | 0 | 10 | 1 |
| Chesterfield | 2022–23 | National League | 25 | 1 | 2 | 0 | – | – | 0 | 0 | 27 | 1 |
| Chesterfield | 2023–24 | National League | 26 | 0 | 4 | 0 | – | – | 0 | 0 | 30 | 0 |
| Chesterfield | 2024–25 | League Two | 7 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 12 | 0 |
| Chesterfield | Total | Total | 58 | 1 | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 69 | 1 |
| Gateshead | 2024–25 | National League | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | – | – | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 108 | 4 | 12 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 12 | 0 | 134 | 6 |
* 1 2 3 Appearance(s) in the EFL Trophy.
* 1 2 Appearance(s) in the FA Trophy.

## Honours

Chesterfield
* National League: 2023–24
# Hasetsukabe no Koharumaru

Hasetsukabe no Koharumaru (丈部 子春丸) (died 938) was a boy spy of Heian period Japan. He is known from the 10th century military chronicle Shōmonki. Recruited to spy against his lord, the rebel Taira no Masakado, he was ultimately discovered and killed.

## Enlistment

According to the Shōmonki, Masakado was embroiled in a bitter struggle with one of his uncles, Taira no Yoshikane. After suffering several defeats at Yoshikane's hands, Masakado retaliated with his own troops, forcing Yoshikane into hiding. It was at this time that the uncle, Yoshikane, noticed the young Koharumaru, who was working as a messenger for Masakado, and who frequented the area near Yoshikane's home. Yoshikane summoned Koharumaru, and bribed the boy with "mounds of rice", clothing, and the prospect of being given a better position as a mounted retainer. In exchange, Yoshikane asked for his cooperation in "devising a scheme to destroy Masakado", a proposal Koharumaru accepted.

## Assignment

Koharumaru returned to his home, along with a farmhand Yoshikane had sent with him. Disguised as charcoal carriers, the two spied on Masakado's residence, collecting information on its armory, stable, gates, and Masakado's sleeping quarters before returning to Yoshikane. Having received this information, Yoshikane led his forces against Masakado's estate in a nighttime raid. However, their movement was picked up by one of Masakado's sentries, who warned his master beforehand. Prepared, Masakado led a successful counterattack and routed Yoshikane's troops.

## Death

Koharumaru, hearing of their defeat, quickly went on the run. However, it was not two weeks until he was captured by Masakado, and beheaded for his deeds.