# Timeline of Rio de Janeiro

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

## Prior to 19th century

* 1565 AD
** São Sebastião do Rio de Janeiro founded by Portuguese.
** Fortaleza de São João built.
* 1603 - St James of Mercy Fort built.
* 1663 - Padre Eterno galleon launched.
* 1693 - Calaboose Prison built.
* 1736 - Academia dos Felizes [pt] founded.
* 1743 - Paço Imperial built.
* 1750 - Carioca Aqueduct built.
* 1752 - Academia dos Seletos [pt] founded.
* 1763 - Portuguese America administrative center moved to Rio de Janeiro from Salvador.
* 1770 - Old Cathedral of Rio de Janeiro consecrated.
* 1783 - Passeio Público constructed.
* 1792 - Real Academia de Artilharia, Fortificação e Desenho founded.

## 19th century

* 1803 - Paço de São Cristóvão building erected.
* 1808
** City becomes capital of Kingdom of Portugal.
** Impressão Régia [pt] (royal printing press) begins operating.
** 10 September: Gazeta do Rio newspaper begins publication.
* 1811 - Candelária Church inaugurated.
* 1811 - Construction of Valongo Wharf started.
* 1815 - City becomes capital of United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves
* 1818 - Royal Museum established.
* 1822
** City becomes capital of independent Brazil.
** Rio de Janeiro Botanical Garden opens.
* 1826 - Academia Imperial de Belas Artes [pt] founded.
* 1827
** Jornal do Commercio newspaper in publication.
** Sociedade Auxiliadora da Indústria Nacional [pt] founded in Rio.
* 1838 - Instituto Histórico e Geográfico Brasileiro headquartered in Rio.
* 1852 - Theatro Provisório built.
* 1854 - Catete Palace built.
* 1858
** Dom Pedro II railway begins operating.
** Central do Brasil inaugurated.
* 1871 - Theatro D. Pedro II (theatre) inaugurated.
* 1872 - Population: 274,972.
* 1877 - Santa Teresa Tram opens.
* 1884 - Corcovado Rack Railway opens.
* 1891 - Jornal do Brasil newspaper begins publication.
* 1894 - Confeitaria Colombo (coffee house) opens.
* 1896 - Academia Brasileira de Letras founded.

## 20th century
### 1900s-1940s

* 1902 - Universidade Candido Mendes founded.
* 1904
** Vaccine Revolt.
** Avenida Rio Branco constructed.
* 1906 - Palácio Monroe erected.
* 1908
** City flag design adopted.
** Exhibition of the centenary of the opening of the Ports of Brazil held in Urca.
** 7 April: Associação Brasileira de Imprensa [pt] headquartered in city.
* 1909 - Teatro Municipal (theatre) inaugurated.
* 1912
** Afonsos Air Force Base built.
** Civil Police Museum founded.
* 1914 - Fort Copacabana built.
* 1917 - Labor strike.
* 1919 - South American Championship held.
* 1920 - Federal University of Rio de Janeiro founded.
* 1922
** July: Coup attempt.
** National Historical Museum (Brazil) created.
** Population: 1,130,000.
** August: Hotel Glória built.
** Morro do Castelo (Castle Hill) demolished—now Castelo neighborhood.
* 1923 - Copacabana Palace Hotel inaugurated.
* 1925 - O Globo newspaper begins publication.
* 1926 - Hipódromo da Gávea built.
* 1927 - Edificio do Jornal A Noite built.
* 1931
** Pedro Ernesto Baptista becomes mayor.
** Cristo Redentor statue built.
* 1936
** Bartolomeu de Gusmão Airport inaugurated.
** Manguinhos Airport opens.
** Santos Dumont Airport inaugurated.
* 1937 - Universidade Santa Úrsula founded.
* 1938 - Museu Nacional de Belas Artes inaugurated.
* 1940 - Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro founded.
* 1943
** Gustavo Capanema Palace built.
** Santa Cruz Air Force Base established.
* 1945 - Quinta da Boa Vista inaugurated.
* 1947 - South American Basketball Championship held.
* 1949 - Tribuna da Imprensa [pt] newspaper begins publication.

### 1950s-1990s

* 1950
** Rio de Janeiro State University established.
** Maracanã (stadium) opens.
** Population: 2,303,063.
* 1951 - Nova Iguaçu level crossing disaster.
* 1952
** Instituto Nacional de Matemática Pura e Aplicada established.
** Escola Brasileira de Administração Pública e de Empresas founded.
** Manchete (magazine) headquartered in city.
* 1953 - Museu do Índio created.
* 1954 - Ginásio do Maracanãzinho built.
* 1958 - Train crash.
* 1960
** Brazilian capital moved from Rio to Brasília.
** Rio becomes Guanabara State, smallest state of Brazil.
* 1961
** Tijuca Forest becomes a national park.
** Edificio Avenida Central built.
* 1964 - Museum of Modern Art built.
* 1965
** Rede Globo television begins broadcasting.
** Flamengo Park created.
** Banda de Ipanema begins.
* 1968 - March of the One Hundred Thousand against the military dictatorship happened.
* 1970 - Population: 4,252,009.
* 1971
** Jacarepaguá Airport opens.
** Faculdades Integradas Hélio Alonso founded.
* 1972
** Petrobras Headquarters built.
** Hotel Horsa Nacional built.
* 1975
** City becomes capital of Rio de Janeiro (state).
** Marcos Tamoio becomes mayor.
** Escola de Artes Visuais do Parque Lage created.
* 1976 - Le Méridien Copacabana opens.
* 1977
** Riocentro built.
** Rio Othon Palace hotel opens.
* 1978 - Autódromo Internacional Nelson Piquet built.
* 1979
** Rio de Janeiro Metro founded.
** Israel Klabin becomes mayor.
** Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro established.
** Rio de Janeiro Cathedral built.
* 1980
** Júlio Coutinho becomes mayor.
** 105 Lélio Gama St. built.
* 1981 - Barra Shopping opens.
* 1982 - Rio Sul Center built.
* 1983
** Rede Manchete television begins broadcasting.
** Jamil Haddad becomes mayor, succeeded by Marcello Alencar.
* 1984
** Sambadrome Marquês de Sapucaí built.
** CasaShopping opens.
* 1985 - City joins the newly formed União das Cidades Capitais Luso-Afro-Américo-Asiáticas [pt].
* 1986 - Roberto Saturnino Braga becomes mayor.
* 1988 - Jó Antônio Resende becomes mayor.
* 1989
** 16 July: 1989 Copa América football tournament held.
** Marcello Alencar becomes mayor.
** Centro Cultural Banco do Brasil (Rio branch) opens.
* 1990
** Eva Klabin Foundation museum established.
** Escadaria Selarón construction begins.
* 1991 - Population: 5,473,909.
* 1992 - United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (Earth Summit) held.
* 1993
** César Maia becomes mayor.
** Candelária massacre.
** Population: 5,547,033 (estimate).
* 1994 - Metropolitan hall opens.
* 1995 - Centro Empresarial Internacional Rio built.
* 1997
** Luiz Paulo Conde becomes mayor.
** Miécimo da Silva Sports Complex opens.
* 1998
** Terra Encantada opens.
** Project Morrinho begins.
** Palace II building collapses.
* 2000 - 2000 Ibero-American Championships in Athletics held.

## 21st century

* 2001 - César Maia becomes mayor.
* 2002 - Instituto Superior de Tecnologia em Ciências da Computação do Rio de Janeiro established.
* 2004 - Torre Almirante built.
* 2006 - Koni Store founded.
* 2007
** Cantagalo Station opens.
** Estádio Olímpico Nilton Santos built.
** HSBC Arena (Rio de Janeiro) opens.
** 2007 Pan American Games held.
** Rio de Janeiro train collision.
* 2008 - Rio International Open Jiu-Jitsu Championship begins.
* 2009
** Eduardo Paes becomes mayor.
** City wins the 2016 Olympics and Paralympics bid.
* 2010
** World Urban Forum and Homeless World Cup football contest held.
** Manguinhos Library Park opens in Benfica.
** Population: 6,320,446.
* 2011
** Cidade das Artes built.
** April: School shooting killed 12 students.
* 2012
** 25 January: Building collapses.
** 6 June: Transoeste bus inaugurated.
** 20–22 June: United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development held.
** 7 October: Rio de Janeiro 2012 municipal election [pt] held.
* 2013 - Protest.
* 2014 - 2014 FIFA World Cup and Street Child World Cup football contest held.
* 2015
** July: Uber protest.
** December: Museum of Tomorrow opens.
* 2016
** Olympic Games and Paralympic Games held.
** 2 October: Rio de Janeiro 2016 municipal election [pt] held.
** 6 October: Rio de Janeiro International Film Festival
** 14 October: Ultra Brasil (electronic music festival)
** 25 October: Anima Mundi (animation film festival)
* 2017 - Valongo Wharf designated an UNESCO World Heritage Site.
* 2018
** January 19: A car hits a group of pedestrians near the Copacabana Beach, killing an infant.
** 2 September: National Museum of Brazil fire.
* 2019
** February 6: Heavy rain hits the state of Rio de Janeiro, leaving 6 people dead and 2 missing.
** February 8: Flamengo training ground fire leaves 10 people dead.
** April 8: Unusual rain causes landslides, flooding and at least 10 deaths.