OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Nuclear transfer

Nuclear transfer is a form of cloning. The step involves removing the DNA from an oocyte (unfertilised egg), and injecting the nucleus which contains the DNA to be cloned. In rare instances, the newly constructed cell will divide normally, replicating the new DNA while remaining in a pluripotent state. If the cloned cells are placed in the uterus of a female mammal, a cloned organism develops to term in rare instances. This is how Dolly the Sheep and many other species were cloned. Cows are commonly cloned to select those that have the best milk production. On 24 January 2018, two monkey clones were reported to have been created with the technique for the first time.
Despite this, the low efficiency of the technique has prompted some researchers, notably Ian Wilmut, creator of Dolly the cloned sheep, to abandon it.

## Tools and reagents

Nuclear transfer is a delicate process that is a major hurdle in the development of cloning technology. Materials used in this procedure are a microscope, a holding pipette (small vacuum) to keep the oocyte in place, and a micropipette (hair-thin needle) capable of extracting the nucleus of a cell using a vacuum. For some species, such as mouse, a drill is used to pierce the outer layers of the oocyte.
Various chemical reagents are used to increase cloning efficiency. Microtubule inhibitors, such as nocodazole, are used to arrest the oocyte in M phase, during which its nuclear membrane is dissolved. Chemicals are also used to stimulate oocyte activation. When applied the membrane is completely dissolved.

## Somatic cell nuclear transfer

Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer (SCNT) is the process by which the nucleus of an oocyte (egg cell) is removed and is replaced with the nucleus of a somatic (body) cell (examples include skin, heart, or nerve cell). The two entities fuse to become one and factors in the oocyte cause the somatic nucleus to reprogram to a pluripotent state. The cell contains genetic information identical to the donated somatic cell. After stimulating this cell to begin dividing, in the proper conditions an embryo will develop. Stem cells can be extracted 5–6 days later and used for research.

## Reprogramming

Genomic reprogramming is the key biological process behind nuclear transfer. Currently unidentified reprogramming factors present in oocytes are capable of initiating a cascade of events that can reset the mature, specialized cell back to an undifferentiated, embryonic state. These factors are thought to be mainly proteins of the nucleus.
# Maryland Legislative District 5

Maryland's Legislative District 5 is one of 47 districts in the state for the Maryland General Assembly. It covers part of Carroll County, as well as a small part of southeastern Frederick County.

## Demographic characteristics

As of the 2020 United States census, the district had a population of 131,865, of whom 103,299 (78.3%) were of voting age. The racial makeup of the district was 114,178 (86.6%) White, 4,795 (3.6%) African American, 311 (0.2%) Native American, 2,432 (1.8%) Asian, 49 (0.0%) Pacific Islander, 2,232 (1.7%) from some other race, and 7,878 (6.0%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 5,648 (4.3%) of the population.
The district had 95,522 registered voters as of October 17, 2020, of whom 19,265 (20.2%) were registered as unaffiliated, 49,658 (52.0%) were registered as Republicans, 25,112 (26.3%) were registered as Democrats, and 800 (0.8%) were registered to other parties.

## Political representation

The district is represented for the 2023–2027 legislative term in the State Senate by Justin D. Ready (R) and in the House of Delegates by April Rose (R), Christopher Bouchat (R) and Chris Tomlinson (R).

## Election history

| Years | Senator | Party | Electoral history |
| January 18, 1967 – January 3, 1975 | Paul J. Bailey | Republican | Elected in 1966. Re-elected in 1970. Retired. |
| January 3, 1975 – January 10, 1979 | C. A. Porter Hopkins | Republican | Elected in 1974. Retired. |
| January 10, 1979 – January 12, 1983 | Francis X. Kelly | Democratic | Elected in 1978. Redistricted to the 10th district. |
| January 12, 1983 – October 15, 1989 | Raymond E. Beck | Republican | Elected in 1982. Re-elected in 1986. Resigned to become a Carroll County Circuit Court Judge. |
| December 18, 1989 – January 9, 1991 | Sharon W. Hornberger | Republican | Appointed to finish Kelly's term. Lost renomination. |
| January 9, 1991 – January 12, 2011 | Larry E. Haines | Republican | Elected in 1990. Re-elected in 1994. Re-elected in 1998. Re-elected in 2002. Re-elected in 2006. Retired. |
| January 12, 2011 – January 23, 2015 | Joseph M. Getty | Republican | Elected in 2010. Re-elected in 2014. Resigned. |
| February 2, 2015 – present | Justin Ready | Republican | Appointed to finish Getty's term. Elected in 2018. Re-elected in 2022. |
# Office of American Innovation

The Office of American Innovation (OAI) was an office within the White House Office that existed from 2017 until 2021 during the Trump administration. Under Jared Kushner, the office's purpose was to be the liaison between the White House and the American tech industry as part of an effort to reform the federal bureaucracy by applying pragmatic business principles.

## Establishment

The Office of American Innovation (OAI) was established by President Donald Trump on March 27, 2017, with the purpose to "make recommendations to the President on policies and plans that improve Government operations and services, improve the quality of life for Americans now and in the future, and spur job creation." The office was to draw on the lessons of the private sector to bring "new thinking and real change" to the country's problems, including the federal government's IT spend, economic activity, and the opioid crisis. According to Politico, the office was intended to be the White House's primary point of contact with the tech industry.

## Personnel

OAI was directed by President Trump’s son-in-law and Senior Advisor to the President Jared Kushner, By July 2017, OAI's operational team consisted of Kushner, Liddell, Reed Cordish, and Matt Lira. Communications were run by Josh Raffel, a former Hollywood public relations executive, until February 2018, when Raffel announced his resignation from the position. Between April 2019 to November 2020, Ja'Ron Smith served as the office's Deputy Director.

## Activities

After its founding in May 2017, OAI convened a summit of more than a dozen tech CEOs, including Amazon's Jeff Bezos, Tim Cook of Apple, Satya Nadella of Microsoft, and Ginni Rometty of IBM. The office was also involved in the Department of Veterans Affairs' purchase of a multi-billion dollar computer system and the administration's executive order on apprenticeships.
In its first year, the office established the Trump Administration's IT Modernization Plan. It also established a Centers of Excellence program within the General Services Administration in December 2017 that encouraged federal agencies to move to the cloud and improve data management. The program was included in the 2019 United States federal budget to implement the recommendation of the IT Modernization Plan.

## Closure

The office was closed during the Presidential transition of Joe Biden in 2021, and there were no plans to revive it.
# Xojeli

Xojeli, also Khodzheyli (Karakalpak: Xojeli/Хожели,; Russian: Ходжейли, romanized: Khodzheyli), is a city and seat of Xojeli District in Karakalpakstan in Uzbekistan. It lies 15 km southwest of Nukus, and 25 km northeast of Konye-Urgench (Turkmenistan). Its population is 67,800 (2016). Xojeli has a railway station on the line from Atyrau (western Kazakhstan) to Tashkent.
There is an ancient city and archaelogical complex called Mizdakhan, located northeast of Xojeli, which consists of several medieval and ancient archaeological sites as: underground Mausoleum of Nazlymkhan Sulu, Mausoleum of Shamun Naby (a Sufi scholar), Medrese of Erezhep Halifa and Hill of Zhomart Kassap (ancient Zoroastrian dakhma). Nowadays, Mizdakhan functions also as a graveyard and people in Karakalpakstan visit on pilgrimage.
# Ackleton

Ackleton is a village in the English county of Shropshire. It is in the civil parish of Worfield.
Lying some 7 miles (11 km) from the market town of Bridgnorth, the village is the home of the two pubs with restaurants, The Red Cow and The Folley.
Ackleton is believed to have inspired the fictional village of Eckleton in writings of P. G. Wodehouse, whose parents lived in nearby Stableford.
# Nancy Tinari

Nancy Tinari (née Rooks, born 13 June 1959) is a Canadian former long-distance runner. She won the silver medal at the 1987 World 15 km Road Race Championships behind Ingrid Kristiansen. Her time of 48:53 still stands as the Canadian record. She also won a silver medal at the 1987 Pan American Games, and represented Canada at the 1988 Seoul Olympics. Tinari continued competing into her forties, including finishing second at the 2000 Canadian 10 km Road Race Championships aged 41 and winning the Canadian Masters Cross Country title in November 2008 aged 49.

## Personal bests

* 10,000 metres – 32:14.05 (September 1988)
* 10 km road – 32:14 (April 1988)
* 15 km road – 48:53 (November 1987)
* Half-marathon – 72:50 (November 1991)
* Marathon – 2:40:50 (October 1983)

## International competitions

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Event | Notes |
| Representing Canada ||||||
| 1978 | World Cross Country Championships | Glasgow, United Kingdom | 38th | 4.73 km | 18:06 |
| 1978 | Commonwealth Games | Edmonton, Canada | 5th | 3000m | 9:34.14 |
| 1980 | World Cross Country Championships | Paris, France | 17th | 4.82 km | 16:20 |
| 1982 | World Cross Country Championships | Rome, Italy | 38th | 4.6 km | 15:31 |
| 1983 | World Cross Country Championships | Gateshead, United Kingdom | 12th | 4.07 km | 14:09 |
| 1983 | World 10 km Road Race Championships | San Diego, United States | 4th | 10 km | 32:57 |
| 1984 | World Cross Country Championships | East Rutherford, United States | 33rd | 5 km | 16:50 |
| 1986 | Commonwealth Games | Edinburgh, United Kingdom | 4th | 10,000m | 32:30.71 |
| 1986 | World 15 km Road Race Championships | Lisbon, Portugal | 8th | 15 km | 49:22 |
| 1987 | World Cross Country Championships | Warsaw, Poland | 32nd | 5.05 km | 17:42 |
| 1987 | Pan American Games | Indianapolis, United States | 2nd | 10,000m | 33:02.41 |
| 1987 | World Championships | Rome, Italy | 16th | 10,000m | 32:31.55 |
| 1987 | World 15 km Road Race Championships | Monte Carlo, Monaco | 2nd | 15 km | 48:53 |
| 1988 | World Cross Country Championships | Auckland, New Zealand | 19th | 5.96 km | 19:57 |
| 1988 | Olympic Games | Seoul, South Korea | 13th | 10,000m | 32:14.05 |
# Cacyreus darius

Cacyreus darius is a butterfly in the family Lycaenidae. It is found on Madagascar, Mauritius, Réunion and the Comoros. The habitat consists of forests, forest margins and anthropogenic environments.
Known food plants of this species are Coleus species and Hyptis pectina (Lamiaceae)
# Hal Jackman

Henry Newton Rowell "Hal" Jackman OC OOnt CD (born June 10, 1932) is a Canadian billionaire businessman who served as the 25th Lieutenant Governor of Ontario from 1991 to 1997. He is the son of former Member of Parliament Harry Jackman and philanthropist Mary Rowell Jackman. His mother was the daughter of another former Member of Parliament, Newton Rowell. His sister, Nancy Ruth, is a philanthropist who was appointed to the Senate in 2005.

## Life and career

Jackman was educated at Pickering College, the University of Toronto Schools, Upper Canada College (where he was a member of Jackson's House), the University of Toronto Faculty of Law, and the London School of Economics.
He was the chairman of the board of National Trust Company and The Empire Life Insurance Company, businesses primarily owned and controlled by his family. In 1964, he married Maruja Trinidad Duncan.
Jackman was the Progressive Conservative candidate in the Toronto riding of Rosedale, which had been previously held by his father, in the 1963, 1965 and 1974 Canadian federal elections. He lost on all three occasions to Liberal Donald Stovel Macdonald.
Jackman was a longtime fundraiser for the Progressive Conservatives, and he became a supporter of the Canadian Alliance when it was formed prior to the 2000 election. He was also an advocate of the Unite the Right movement, which resulted in the creation of the Conservative Party of Canada.

## Viceregal appointment

Jackman was appointed as Lieutenant Governor of Ontario by Governor General Ray Hnatyshyn in 1991, on the advice of Prime Minister Brian Mulroney, and he became a Member of the Order of Canada the same year. He focused on support for the arts, history and national unity during his time in office.
He served as Lieutenant Governor until 1997 and was then appointed to the Order of Ontario in 1998. He was promoted to Officer in the Order of Canada in the year 2000.

## Other distinctions

Jackman did not serve in the military, but he received the Canadian Forces' Decoration in recognition of his time as an honorary colonel of the Governor General's Horse Guards, a Toronto militia unit.
He was named chancellor of the University of Toronto in 1997. Following his retirement from that post, he was elected as the fourth Visitor of Massey College.

## Coat of arms

Coat of arms of Hal Jackman :
* CrestA griffin segreant Gules holding in the dexter claw a representation of the mace of the House of Commons of Canada and in the sinister claw a morning star battle mace Or
* EscutcheonPer chevron Gules and Or in chief a sun between two spur-rowels also Or in base issuant from barry wavy Argent and Azure a mount Vert thereon an oak tree proper fructed Or
* MottoOptima Conserva (Latin for 'Preserve the best things')
# Courtship Dating

"Courtship Dating" is a song recorded by the Canadian electronic music duo Crystal Castles for their debut studio album, Crystal Castles (2008). It was released on 21 April 2008 through Different, PIAS, and Last Gang, as the third single from the album. It was ranked as one of the best songs of the year by multiple publications.

## Background and composition

"Courtship Dating" was recorded in 2006. It was written by Crystal Castles members Ethan Kath and Alice Glass, with Kath producing it. According to the Independent, the song "is about human taxidermy, the idea of preserving the beauty of a lover the way you would an animal".

## Release and reception

Crystal Castles released their debut studio album, Crystal Castles, on 18 March 2008 in the United States and on 28 April in the United Kingdom. "Courtship Dating" was digitally released as the album's third single on 21 April through Different, PIAS, and Last Gang. In the United Kingdom, it was released on vinyl through Lies, Last Gang, and Different. Both releases contain a demo, "Trash Hologram". An accompanying music video directed by Marc Pannozzo was released in April. According to Brandon Stosuy of Stereogum, it shows darkened footage of Alice Glass singing and "being angsty" with flashes of Ethan Kath "rocking it". In the United Kingdom, "Courtship Dating" peaked on the Official Charts Company's Independent Singles Chart at number 4 and their Physical Singles Chart at number 39.
NME described "Courtship Dating" it as "synth-pop filled up with muted screams, jerking bass and sparking circuit boards" and "the best piece of humanity-loathing cyborg pop since the Knife's Silent Shout".
"Courtship Dating" was named one of the best songs of 2008 by laut.de, NME, Pitchfork, and Slant Magazine, with the latter considering it one of the best tracks from the 2000–2009 period.

## Personnel

Adapted from the CD liner notes of "Crystal Castles" and the vinyl liner notes of "Courtship Dating".
* Alice Glass – writer (1)
* Ethan Kath – writer, producer (1, 2)
* Health – backing screams (1)
* Alex Bonenfant – additional vocal recording (1)
* Squeak E. Clean – vocal production (1)
* Lexxx – mixing (1)
* Graham Turner – photo

## Accolades

Accolades for "Courtship Dating" :
| Publication | List | Rank |
| laut.de | 2008 staff poll | 22 |
| NME | Top 50 tracks of 2008 | 17 |
| Pitchfork | The 100 best tracks of 2008 | 60 |
| Slant Magazine | The 25 best albums & singles of 2008 | 19 |
| Slant Magazine | Best of the aughts (2000–2009) | 205 |

## Charts

Chart performance for "Courtship Dating" :
| Chart (2021) | Peak position |
| UK Independent Singles Chart (OCC) | 4 |
| UK Physical Singles Chart (OCC) | 39 |
# António Mendes

António Mendes may refer to:
* António Mendes Belo (1842–1929), Portuguese bishop
* António Mendes Correia (1888–1960), Portuguese scientist
* António da Silva Mendes (1939–2019), Portuguese footballer
# Lady Writer

"Lady Writer" is a 1979 song by Dire Straits, which appears on the band's second album Communiqué. It was written by the band's lead singer, Mark Knopfler.
When asked what the song was about, Knopfler said that he was watching TV one day, and there was a lady writer on the TV. Because the song says the writer is "talking about the Virgin Mary", some have speculated that the writer in question is Marina Warner, a view shared by Warner herself.

## Reception

Billboard described the song as a "hypnotic rocker" with "sizzling instrumentation" and "distinctive vocals." Cash Box described it as being "very similar musically to 'Sultans of Swing', with guitarist/singer Knopfler's invigoratingly unique picking and vocal style." Record World said that "Knopfler's transcendent writing & guitar skills work well with the magic of Muscle Shoals." Smash Hits said, "This is SO like 'Sultans of Swing' it's not true. Look, the only way you'll want this is if you've got (a) more money than sense, and (b) a memory like a sieve." Hubert Bauch of the Montreal Gazette agreed it was "a fast and nimble piece that matches 'Sultans of Swing'."

## Charts

| Chart (1979) | Peak position |
| Australia (Kent Music Report) | 95 |
| Canada Top Singles (RPM) | 51 |
| Netherlands (Dutch Top 40) | 18 |
| Netherlands (Single Top 100) | 18 |
| New Zealand (Recorded Music NZ) | 39 |
| Spain (AFE) | 26 |
| UK Singles (OCC) | 51 |
| US Billboard Hot 100 | 45 |
| US Cash Box | 63 |
# Bad Time (Grand Funk song)

"Bad Time" is a song written by Mark Farner and performed by Grand Funk. The song is featured on the band's 1974 album, All the Girls in the World Beware!!!. It peaked at number 4 on the Billboard Hot 100 the weeks of June 7 and 14, 1975.
Jimmy Ienner produced the song, and it was arranged by Tony Camillo. It was the group's fourth and final single to reach the Top 10, and their final Top 40 hit in the U.S.
"Bad Time" marked the end of the group's two-year run as Grand Funk, during which time they scored all their major hits. Following this release, their name reverted to Grand Funk Railroad.

## Other versions

* The Jayhawks released the track on their 1995 album, Tomorrow the Green Grass. This version went to number 40 on the UK Singles Chart.
# Skateaway

"Skateaway" is a 1980 rock song by Dire Straits, dealing with a female roller-skater breezing through busy city streets, while listening to a portable radio through her headphones. It appears on the band's 1980 album Making Movies. It was released as a single in 1980, and in January 1981 peaked at number 58 on the Billboard Hot 100 and number 37 on the UK Singles Chart. The song was accompanied by a video that was popular on MTV, featuring musician Jayzik Azikiwe (1958–2008) as Rollergirl. The daughter of Nigeria's first president Nnamdi Azikiwe, she was credited as Jay Carly in the video directed by Lester Bookbinder.
Record World said that the narrative is "as vivid as [Knopfler's] guitar is distinctive". Ultimate Classic Rock critic Michael Gallucci rated "Skateaway" as Dire Straits' seventh best song, saying that it "sticks closer to a traditional rock-radio format" than the other songs on Making Movies.

## Charts

| Chart (1981) | Peak position |
| New Zealand (Recorded Music NZ) | 47 |
| UK Singles (OCC) | 37 |
| US Billboard Hot 100 | 58 |
# X Boat

The X Boat, also called the Cub, is an American sailing dinghy that was designed by John O. Johnson as a one-design racer and first built in 1932.

## Production

The design was built by Johnson Boat Works starting in 1932 and later by Melges Performance Sailboats in the United States. Johnson Boat Works went out of business in 1998, but the boat remains in production by Melges.

## Design

The X Boat is a simple, sail training and racing sailboat, intended for junior sailors under 16 years of age. Originally constructed of wood, it is now built predominantly of fiberglass, with wooden trim. It has a fractional sloop with aluminum spars, a spooned raked stem, an angled transom, a rounded, transom-hung rudder controlled by a tiller fitted with a tiller extension and it has a retractable centerboard. It displaces 470 lb (213 kg).
The boat has a draft of 2.58 ft (0.79 m) with the centerboard extended. The boat can be transported on a trailer.
For sailing the design is equipped with a boom vang, a stern-mounted mainsheet traveler and two sets of hiking straps.
The design has a Portsmouth Yardstick racing average handicap of 97.7 and is normally raced with a crew of two sailors.

## Operational history

The class is supported by the Inland Lake Yachting Association, which organizes racing regattas. The annual association championship for the class often attracts over 100 boats to compete.
In a 1994 review Richard Sherwood wrote, "The X Boat was designed as a low-performance training boat for junior programs. With the exception of the boom vang, sail control is minimal so as to emphasize handling skills ... Since 1984 the Portsmouth Number has dropped dramatically."
# Nur Muhammad Asis

Nur Muhammad Asis Ijilrali Bin Junaidi (born 4 April 2004), also known as Asis Ijilrali, is a Singaporean footballer who plays as a midfielder for Primeira Liga club Estrela da Amadora, on loan from Lion City Sailors.

## Club career
### Youth

As a youth player, Asis joined the youth academy of Singaporean side Turf City. While playing for the club, he was invited by Turkish side Galatasaray and Dutch side Feyenoord to train with their youth academies. In 2017, Asis joined the NFA, a youth academy founded by the Football Association of Singapore, before joining the youth academy of Singaporean side Lion City Sailors, where he started his senior career, becoming the first youth academy player to sign a professional contract with them.

### Lion City Sailors

On 1 July 2023, Asis come on as a substitute in the last 5 minute of the match in a league game against Tanjong Pagar United. On 26 July, he came on as a substitution in a friendly match against English giants Tottenham Hotspurs at the Singapore National Stadium.
During a league match against Young Lions on 22 July 2024, Asis recorded his first assist in the 90+3' stoppage time to Hami Syahin in a 6–0 win.

#### Loan to Estrela da Amadora

During the summer of 2024, he was sent on loan to Primeira Liga side Estrela da Amadora, becoming the first Singaporean player to sign for a Portuguese top flight side. Asis was featured more in the club U23 side playing in the Liga Revelação U23. On 26 November, he recorded a brace of assists with both goal scored by Simão Pedro in a 3–2 win against Estoril U23.

## International career

Asis has represented Singapore internationally at under-19, under-20, and under-23 level. Altogether, he has made six appearances for the under-19 and under-20 teams combined, and has played for the under-23 team for 2024 AFC U-23 Asian Cup qualification.