# 9th Summit of the Americas

The Ninth Summit of the Americas was an international conference held in Los Angeles, United States, from June 6 to 10, 2022. The theme was "Building a Sustainable, Resilient, and Equitable Future".

## Background

The White House announced in January 2022 that the City of Los Angeles would serve as host. As host, the United States selects the site of the summit and its attendees. The United States did not invite Cuba, Venezuela, and Nicaragua to the summit as these countries are accused of having undemocratically elected leaders. It was known the US would not invite these leaders. The White House and State Department did not announce an official invitation list until May 30.
Andrés Manuel López Obrador, the President of Mexico, was the first to announce he would not attend the summit if all nations were not in attendance. López Obrador stated he would send his foreign secretary to the summit in his place. Other leaders followed, such as Xiomara Castro, the President of Honduras; Luis Arce, the President of Bolivia; Nayib Bukele, the President of El Salvador; and Ralph Gonsalves, the Prime Minister of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines. Cuban President Miguel Díaz-Canel and Nicaraguan President Daniel Ortega said they would not attend the summit if invited.
The United States Department of State led efforts to galvanize support for the summit and keep other nations from not attending. Assistant Secretary of State for Western Hemisphere Affairs Brian A. Nichols stated the US will not invite countries that do not respect democracy.
Alejandro Giammattei, the President of Guatemala, stated he would not attend the summit after the US criticized his government's reappointment of María Consuelo Porras as attorney general, who had been accused of undermining corruption investigations. Uruguayan President Luis Lacalle Pou had been scheduled to attend, but cancelled after testing positive for COVID-19. Grenadian Prime Minister Keith Mitchell announced he would not attend due to the current election cycle in his country. Mexico, Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Bolivia, Uruguay, Grenada, and Saint Kitts and Nevis sent a delegation headed by their respective secretaries or ambassadors. Cuba, Venezuela, Nicaragua, and Saint Vincent and the Grenadines had no government delegation at the summit.

## Events
### Monday June 6

Pre-Summit Civil Society Forum.

### Tuesday June 7

Civil Society Forum, Young Americas Forum, CEO Summit of the Americas.

### Wednesday June 8

Civil Society Forum, Young Americas Forum, CEO Summit of the Americas.
The inaugural ceremony was held at the Peacock Theater in Downtown Los Angeles. Music producer Emilio Estefan organized the musical performances. Performances by Alex Fernandez Jr., Sheila E. and music written for the event by Estefan himself. The song was sung by a teenage choir. Welcome speeches were given by Mayor Eric Garcetti, California Governor Gavin Newsom and Vice President Kamala Harris.

### Thursday June 9

Young Americas Forum, CEO Summit of the Americas, First plenary session.
After the first plenary session held at the Los Angeles Convention Center in Downtown Los Angeles, President Biden and First Lady Jill Biden held a dinner for world leaders and their spouses at the Getty Villa museum in the Pacific Palisades neighborhood of Los Angeles. Secretary of State Antony Blinken and Second Gentleman Douglas Emhoff hosted a dinner for foreign secretaries and their delegations at the Los Angeles County Museum of Art (LACMA). In attendance was the Los Angeles Latin diplomatic corps, the Los Angeles Consular Corps, California's two U.S. senators, a congressional delegation headed by Speaker of the House Nancy Pelosi, California Governor Gavin Newsom and local county and city leaders.

### Friday June 10

Second and third plenary session.
Twenty countries signed on to the "Los Angeles Declaration on Migration and Protection in the Americas".

## Delegation leaders

Summary of attending leaders :
| Country | Chief representative | Office |
| Antigua and Barbuda | Gaston Browne | Prime Minister |
| Argentina | Alberto Fernández | President |
| Bahamas | Philip Davis | Prime Minister |
| Barbados | Mia Mottley | Prime Minister |
| Belize | Johnny Briceño | Prime Minister |
| Bolivia | Rogelio Mayta | Minister of Foreign Relations |
| Brazil | Jair Bolsonaro | President |
| Canada | Justin Trudeau | Prime Minister |
| Chile | Gabriel Boric | President |
| Colombia | Iván Duque | President |
| Costa Rica | Rodrigo Chaves Robles | President |
| Cuba | Uninvited | Uninvited |
| Dominica | Roosevelt Skerrit | Prime Minister |
| Dominican Republic | Luis Abinader | President |
| Ecuador | Guillermo Lasso | President |
| El Salvador | Alexandra Hill Tinoco | Minister of Foreign Affairs |
| Grenada | Nickolas Steele | Minister for Health and Social Security of Grenada |
| Guatemala | Mario Búcaro | Minister of Foreign Affairs |
| Guyana | Irfaan Ali | President |
| Haiti | Ariel Henry | Prime Minister |
| Honduras | Enrique Reina | Minister of Foreign Affairs of Honduras |
| Jamaica | Andrew Holness | Prime Minister |
| Mexico | Marcelo Ebrard | Secretary of Foreign Affairs |
| Nicaragua | Uninvited | Uninvited |
| Panama | Laurentino Cortizo | President |
| Paraguay | Mario Abdo Benítez | President |
| Peru | Pedro Castillo | President |
| Saint Kitts and Nevis | Thelma Phillip-Browne | Ambassador |
| Saint Lucia | Philip J. Pierre | Prime Minister |
| Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | Did not attend | Did not attend |
| Suriname | Chan Santokhi | President |
| Trinidad and Tobago | Keith Rowley | Prime Minister |
| United States | Joe Biden | President |
| Uruguay | Francisco Bustillo | Minister of Foreign Relations |
| Venezuela | Uninvited | Uninvited |