# List of suines

Suina, also known as Suiformes, is a suborder of omnivorous, non-ruminant hoofed mammals in the order Artiodactyla. A member of this clade is called a suine. It includes the family Suidae, termed suids or colloquially pigs or swine, as well as the family Tayassuidae, termed tayassuids or peccaries. Suines are largely native to Africa, South America, and Southeast Asia, with the exception of the wild boar, which is additionally native to Europe and Asia and introduced to North America and Australasia, including widespread use in farming of the domestic pig subspecies. Suines range in size from the 55 cm (22 in) long pygmy hog to the 210 cm (83 in) long giant forest hog, and are primarily found in forest, shrubland, and grassland biomes, though some can be found in deserts, wetlands, or coastal regions. Most species do not have population estimates, though approximately two billion domestic pigs are used in farming, while several species are considered endangered or critically endangered with populations as low as 100.
The 20 extant species of Suina are split between the Suidae family, containing 17 extant species belonging to six genera, and the Tayassuidae family, containing three species in three genera. All extant suids are members of the Suinae subfamily; extinct species have also been placed into Suinae as well as other subfamilies. Dozens of extinct Suina species have been discovered, though due to ongoing research and discoveries the exact number and categorization is not fixed.

## Conventions

Conservation status codes listed follow the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species. Range maps are provided wherever possible; if a range map is not available, a description of the species's range is provided. Ranges are based on the IUCN Red List for that species unless otherwise noted. All extinct species or subspecies listed alongside extant species went extinct after 1500 CE, and are indicated by a dagger symbol "†".

## Classification

The suborder Suina consists of 20 extant species in nine genera, divided into dozens of extant subspecies. These are split between the Suidae family, containing 17 species belonging to 6 genera, and the Tayassuidae family, containing 3 species in 3 genera. This does not include hybrid species such as boar–pig hybrids or extinct prehistoric species.
* Family Suidae (Pigs)
** Genus Babyrousa: three species
** Genus Hylochoerus: one species
** Genus Phacochoerus: two species
** Genus Porcula: one species
** Genus Potamochoerus: two species
** Genus Sus: eight species
* Family Tayassuidae (Peccaries)
** Genus Catagonus: one species
** Genus Dicotyles: one species
** Genus Tayassu: one species
Suina
Suidae
Sus
Porcula
Potamochoerus
Hylochoerus
Phacochoerus
Babyrousa
Tayassuidae
Dicotyles
Tayassu
Catagonus :

## Suines

The following classification is based on the taxonomy described by Mammal Species of the World (2005), with augmentation by generally accepted proposals made since using molecular phylogenetic analysis. There are several additional proposals which are disputed, such as the creation of a fourth species of peccary, the giant peccary (Pecari maximus), which are not included here.

### Suidae

Genus Babyrousa – Perry, 1811 – three species :
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
| Buru babirusa | B. babyrussa (Linnaeus, 1758) | Buru, Mangole, and Taliabu islands in Indonesia | Size: 85–110 cm (33–43 in) long, plus 20–32 cm (8–13 in) tail Habitat: Forest and inland wetlands Diet: Fruit and browse | VU  Unknown |
| North Sulawesi babirusa | B. celebensis (Deninger, 1909) | Sulawesi and nearby Indonesian islands | Size: 85–110 cm (33–43 in) long, plus 20–32 cm (8–13 in) tail Habitat: Forest and inland wetlands Diet: Fruit and browse | VU  10,000 |
| Togian babirusa | B. togeanensis (Sody, 1949) | Togian Islands of Indonesia | Size: Unknown, but likely the largest babirusa species Habitat: Forest, inland wetlands, and intertidal marine Diet: Fruit, rhizomes, tamarinds, cacao, herbs, and vegetables | EN  1,000 |
Genus Hylochoerus – Thomas, 1904 – one species :
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
| Giant forest hog | H. meinertzhageni Thomas, 1904 Three subspecies H. m. ivoriensis H. m. meinertzhageni H. m. rimator | Scattered central Africa | Size: 130–210 cm (51–83 in) long, plus 25–45 cm (10–18 in) tail Habitat: Forest Diet: Large variety of plants, particularly herbaceous plants | LC  Unknown |
Genus Phacochoerus – F. Cuvier, 1826 – two species :
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
| Common warthog | P. africanus (Gmelin, 1788) Four subspecies P. a. aeliani (Eritrean warthog) P. a. africanus (Nolan warthog) P. a. massaicus (Central African warthog) P. a. sundevallii (Southern warthog) | Sub-saharan Africa | Size: 90–150 cm (35–59 in) long Habitat: Forest, savanna, shrubland, and grassland Diet: Grass, as well as roots, berries, bark, and carrion | LC  250,000 |
| Desert warthog | P. aethiopicus (Pallas, 1766) Two subspecies P. a. aethiopicus (Cape warthog)† P. a. delamerei | Eastern Africa | Size: 100–145 cm (39–57 in) long Habitat: Savanna and shrubland Diet: A variety of grass, shrubs, and tubers, as well as fruit and insects | LC  Unknown |
Genus Porcula – Hodgson, 1847 – one species :
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
| Pygmy hog | P. salvania (Hodgson, 1847) | Southern Bhutan and northwest India | Size: 55–71 cm (22–28 in) long, plus tail Habitat: Grassland Diet: Roots, grass, tubers, and invertebrates | EN  100–250 |
Genus Potamochoerus – Gray, 1854 – two species :
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
| Bushpig | P. larvatus (F. Cuvier, 1822) Six subspecies P. l. edwardsi (Edwards' bushpig) P. l. hassama (White-faced bushpig) P. l. koiropotamus (Southern bushpig) P. l. larvatus (Madagascar bushpig) P. l. nyasae (Nyasan bushpig) P. l. somaliensis (Somalian bushpig) | Southeastern Africa | Size: 100–150 cm (39–59 in) long Habitat: Forest and shrubland Diet: Roots, tubers, fruit, invertebrates, small vertebrates, and carrion | LC  Unknown |
| Red river hog | P. porcus (Linnaeus, 1758) | Western Africa | Size: 100–150 cm (39–59 in) long, plus 30–40 cm (12–16 in) tail Habitat: Forest Diet: Fruit and seeds, as well as carrion | LC  Unknown |
Genus Sus – Linnaeus, 1758 – eight species :
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
| Bornean bearded pig | S. barbatus Müller, 1838 Two subspecies S. b. barbatus S. b. oi (Western bearded pig) | Southeast Asia | Size: 100–170 cm (39–67 in) long, plus 20–50 cm (8–20 in) tail Habitat: Forest, inland wetlands, neritic marine, and intertidal marine Diet: Roots, fungi, invertebrates, small vertebrates, turtle eggs, carrion, and a variety of plants | VU  Unknown |
| Celebes warty pig | S. celebensis Müller, Schlegel, 1843 Three subspecies S. c. celebensis S. c. floresianus S. c. timoriensis | Indonesian island of Sulawesi | Size: 80–130 cm (31–51 in) long Habitat: Forest, grassland, and inland wetlands Diet: Roots, fallen fruit, leaves, and young shoots, as well as invertebrates, small vertebrates, and carrion | NT  Unknown |
| Javan warty pig | S. verrucosus F. Boie, 1832 Two subspecies S. v. blouchi S. v. verrucosus | Indonesian islands of Java and Bawean | Size: 90–190 cm (35–75 in) long Habitat: Forest and grassland Diet: Omnivorous; wide variety of plants and small vertebrates | EN  Unknown |
| Oliver's warty pig | S. oliveri Groves, 1997 | Philippines island of Mindoro | Size: Specific measurements not available, but likely similar to the Philippine warty pig Habitat: Forest, savanna, shrubland, and grassland Diet: Believed to eat a wide variety of plant and animal matter | VU  Unknown |
| Palawan bearded pig | S. ahoenobarbus Huet, 1888 | Philippines | Size: 100–160 cm (39–63 in) long Habitat: Forest Diet: Omnivorous; wide variety of plants, invertebrates, small vertebrates, and carrion | NT  Unknown |
| Philippine warty pig | S. philippensis Nehring, 1886 Two subspecies S. p. mindanensis S. p. philippensis | Western Philippines | Size: Specific measurements not available Habitat: Forest, shrubland, and grassland Diet: Tubers, fruit, and invertebrates | VU  Unknown |
| Visayan warty pig | S. cebifrons Heude, 1888 Two subspecies S. c. cebifrons (Cebu warty pig)† S. c. negrinus (Negros warty pig) | Visayan Islands in the Philippines | Size: 90–125 cm (35–49 in) long, plus 23 cm (9 in) tail Habitat: Forest and grassland Diet: Omnivorous; wide variety of plants and small vertebrates | CR  Unknown |
| Wild boar | S. scrofa Linnaeus, 1758 Seventeen subspecies S. s. algira (North African boar) S. s. attila (Carpathian boar) S. s. cristatus (Indian boar) S. s. davidi (Central Asian boar) S. s. domesticus (Domestic pig) S. s. leucomystax (Japanese boar) S. s. libycus (Anatolian boar) S. s. majori (Maremman boar) S. s. meridionalis (Mediterranean boar) S. s. moupinensis (Northern Chinese boar) S. s. nigripes (Middle Asian boar) S. s. riukiuanus (Ryukyu boar) S. s. scrofa (Central European boar) S. s. sibiricus (Trans-Baikal boar) S. s. taivanus (Formosan boar) S. s. ussuricus (Ussuri boar) S. s. vittatus (Banded pig) | Eurasia and North Africa; introduced to parts of United States, South America, and Oceania | Size: 90–200 cm (35–79 in) long, plus 15–40 cm (6–16 in) tail Habitat: Forest, savanna, shrubland, grassland, inland wetlands, and desert Diet: Omnivorous; variety of plants, small vertebrates, invertebrates, and carrion | LC  Unknown (about 2 billion S. s. domesticus used in farming) |

### Tayassuidae

Genus Catagonus – Ameghino, 1904 – one species :
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
| Chacoan peccary | C. wagneri Rusconi, 1930 | Gran Chaco region of central South America | Size: 96–118 cm (38–46 in) long Habitat: Savanna and shrubland Diet: Cacti, as well as roots, fruit, and forbs | EN  Unknown |
Genus Dicotyles – Cuvier, 1816 – one species :
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
| Collared peccary | D. tajacu (Linnaeus, 1758) Fourteen subspecies D. t. angulatus D. t. bangsi D. t. crassus D. t. crusnigrum D. t. humeralis D. t. nanus D. t. nelsoni D. t. niger D. t. nigrescens D. t. patira D. t. sonoriensis D. t. tajacu D. t. torvus D. t. yucatanensis | South America, Central America, and southern North America | Size: 80–100 cm (31–39 in) long Habitat: Forest, savanna, shrubland, grassland, and desert Diet: Roots, tubers, fruits, seeds, as well as green plants, insects, and small animals | LC  Unknown |
Genus Tayassu – Fischer von Waldheim, 1814 – one species :
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
| White-lipped peccary | T. pecari (Link, 1795) Five subspecies T. p. aequatoris T. p. albirostris T. p. pecari T. p. ringens T. p. spiradens | South America and Central America | Size: 75–100 cm (30–39 in) long, plus 1–6 cm (0–2 in) tail Habitat: Forest, savanna, shrubland, and grassland Diet: Fruit, as well as a variety of plants, invertebrates, fungi and fish | VU  Unknown |