# List of wars involving Russia

Part of a series on the :
History of Russia :
PeriodsPrehistory  • Antiquity  • Early Slavs
Rus' people pre-9th century     Rus' Khaganate     Arthania     Garðaríki
879–1240: Ancient Rus'
Rurik • Baptism of Rus' • Russkaya Pravda
Novgorod Land 882–1136 Principality of Polotsk 987–1397 Principality of Chernigov 988–1402 Rostov-Suzdal 1093–1157     full list...
1240–1480: Feudal Rus'
Council of Liubech • Council of Uvetichi • Mongol conquest • Battle of Kulikovo
Novgorod Republic 1136–1478 Vladimir-Suzdal 1157–1331 Principality of Moscow 1263–1547     full list...
1480–1917: Tsarist Russia
Great Stand on the Ugra River • Time of Troubles • Zemsky Sobor • Treaty of Nystad • Petrovian reforms • 1812 Patriotic War • Decembrist Revolt • Emancipation reform • Russo-Japanese War • 1905 Revolution • October Manifesto • Second Patriotic War
Tsardom of Russia 1547–1721 Russian Empire 1721–1917      Russian America 1799–1867      Grand Duchy of Finland 1809–1917      Congress Poland 1867–1915      Russian Manchuria 1900–1905      Uryankhay Krai 1914–1921
1917–1923: Russian Revolution
February Revolution • Provisional Government • Dvoyevlastiye • July Days • Kornilov affair • Directorate • Constituent Assembly (election) • Bolshevik Coup • Civil War • White Guard • Red Army • Soviet-Polish War • Priamurye Govt. • War Communism • USSR • Emigrants
Russian Republic 1917–1918      General Secretariat of Ukraine 1917–1918 Russian SFSR 1917–1922      Ukrainian SSR 1919–1922      Byelorussian SSR 1920–1922      Transcaucasian SFSR 1922–1922 Russian State 1918–1920      Provisional Priamurye Govt. 1921–1923     full list...
1923–1991: Soviet Era
NEP • Cultural revolution • Korenization • Stalinism • Collectivization • Industrialization • GULAG • Great Purge • Great Patriotic War • Cold War • Warsaw Pact • Comecon • Crimea transfer • Era of Stagnation • Afghan War • Perestroika • Chernobyl disaster • Karabakh War • Parade of sovereignties (War of Laws)
Soviet Union 1922–1991      Russian SFSR 1922–1991      Karelo-Finnish SSR1940–1956         full list... Tannu Tuva1921–1944
since 1991: Modern Russia
August Coup • Belavezha Accords • Alma-Ata Protocol • USSR dissolution • CIS • "Near abroad" • Constitutional crisis • Privatization • CSTO • Chechen wars (1st • 2nd) • Oligarchy • Putinism • Five-Days War • Presidential terms amendments • Eurasian Economic Union • Annexation of Crimea • War in Donbas • 2020 amendments • Invasion of Ukraine (Prelude • Mass emigration • Debt default • Sanctions • Mobilization • 2022 annexation)
Russian Federation 1991–present      Republic of Tatarstan 1994–present      Chechen Republic 2000–present      Republic of Crimea 2014–present      Donetsk People's Republic 2022–present      Luhansk People's Republic 2022–present      Kherson Oblast 2022–present      Zaporizhzhia Oblast 2022–present         full list...
^A Not internationally recognized. ^B Not fully controlled. :
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This is a list of wars and armed conflicts involving Russia and its predecessors in chronological order, from the 9th to the 21st century.
The Russian military and troops of its predecessor states in Russia took part in a large number of wars and armed clashes in various parts of the world: starting from the princely squads, opposing the raids of nomads, and fighting for the expansion of the territory of Kievan Rus'. Following the disintegration of Kievan Rus', the emergence of the Principality of Moscow and then the centralized Russian state saw a period of significant territorial growth of the state centred in Moscow and then St. Petersburg during the 15th to 20th centuries, marked by wars of conquest in Eastern Europe, the Caucasus, the Volga region, Siberia, Central Asia and the Far East, the world wars of the early 20th century, the proxy wars of the Cold War, and today.
The list includes:
* external wars
* foreign intervention in domestic conflicts
* anti-colonial uprisings of the peoples conquered during the Russian expansion
* princely feuds
* peasant uprisings
* revolutions
Legend of results:

## Kievan Rus'

| Date | Conflict | Rus and its allies | Opponent(s) | Result |
| 830s | Paphlagonian expedition of the Rusʹ | Rus' Khaganate | Byzantine Empire | Victory |
| 860 | Siege of Constantinople (860) | Rus' Khaganate | Byzantine Empire | Victory |
| 907 | Rus'–Byzantine War (907) | Kievan Rus' | Byzantine Empire | Victory |
| 920–1036 | Rus'–Pecheneg campaigns | Kievan Rus' | Pechenegs | Various results; eventually victory |
| 941 | Rus'–Byzantine War (941) | Kievan Rus' | Byzantine Empire | Defeat |
| 944/945 | Rus'-Byzantine War (944/945) | Kievan Rus' | Byzantine Empire | Victory |
| 964–965 | Sviatoslav's campaign against Khazars | Kievan Rus' | Khazar Khaganate | Victory Destruction of the Khazar Khaganate |
| 967/968–971 | Sviatoslav's invasion of Bulgaria | Kievan Rus' | Byzantine Empire | Defeat |
| 981 | Vladimir the Great's campaign on Cherven Cities | Kievan Rus' | Duchy of Poland | Victory |
| 985 | Vladimir the Great's campaign against Volga Bulgaria | Kievan Rus' | Volga Bulgaria | Military victory, then agreement |
| 987 | Rus'–Byzantine War (987) | Kievan Rus' | Byzantine Empire | Military victory and agreement Baptism of Vladimir and further Christianization of Kievan Rus' |
| 1022 | Yaroslav the Wise's attack on Brest | Kievan Rus' | Duchy of Poland | Defeat |
| 1024 | Rus'–Byzantine War (1024) | Kievan Rus' | Byzantine Empire | Defeat |
| 1030 | Yaroslav the Wise's campaign against Chud | Kievan Rus' | Chud | Victory Estonian tribes start to pay tribute to Rus' |
| 1030–1031 | Yaroslav the Wise's campaign on Cherven Cities | Kievan Rus' | Duchy of Poland | Victory |
| 1042–1228 | Finnish–Novgorodian wars | Kievan Rus' (until 1136) Novgorod Republic | Baltic Finnic peoples of Fennoscandia (Yem people) | Various results, mostly victories The wars' effect on the Finns' society contributed to the eventual Swedish conquest of western Finland circa 1249 |
| 1043 | Rus'–Byzantine War (1043) | Kievan Rus' | Byzantine Empire | Defeat |
| 1055–1223 | Rus'–Cuman campaigns | Kievan Rus' | Cumans | Various results, mostly victories |
| 1061 | Sosols raid against Pskov | Kievan Rus' | Sosols | Defeat Yaroslav the Wise's conquests in Estonia are lost |
| 1132–1445 | Swedish–Novgorodian Wars | Kievan Rus' (until 1136) Novgorod Republic | Kingdom of Sweden Kingdom of Norway (from 1319) | Stalemate after the Black Death |
| 1147 | Bolesław IV the Curly's raid on Old Prussians | Bolesław IV the CurlyKievan Rus' | Old Prussians | Victory |
| 1203–1234 | Campaigns of Rus princes against the Order of the Sword (see also Livonian Crusade) | Kievan Rus' Vladimir-Suzdal Principality of Polotsk Principality of Smolensk Novgorod Republic Grand Duchy of Lithuania Baltic peoples Baltic Finnic peoples | Livonian Brothers of the Sword Baltic Germans | Defeat The crusaders capture Baltic lands up to the borders of Kievan Rus' and Lithuania |
| 1223–1240 | Mongol invasion of Rus'(see also List of Tatar and Mongol raids against Rus') | Vladimir-SuzdalKievGalicia-Volhynia Novgorod RepublicSmolenskTurov and PinskRostovChernigovRyazanPereyaslavl | Mongol Empire | Decisive defeat The principalities of the Kievan Rus' became vassals of the Mongol Empire |
| 1240–1242 | Livonian campaign against Rus' (see also Northern Crusades) | Kievan Rus' Vladimir-Suzdal Pskov Republic Novgorod Republic | Teutonic Order Livonian Order Kingdom of Sweden Kingdom of Denmark Duchy of Estonia | Victory Defeat of the Germans Peace with Prince Alexander Nevsky The waiving of claims on northern Rus' |
| 1245 | Alexandr Nevsky Lithuanian campaign | Kievan Rus' Vladimir-Suzdal Pskov Republic Novgorod Republic | Grand Duchy of Lithuania | Victory |
| 1268 | Battle of Wesenberg | Novgorod Republic Vladimir-Suzdal Pskov Republic | Denmark Duchy of Estonia Teutonic Order Livonian Order | Both sides claim victory |

## Principality of Moscow (1263–1547)

This is a list of wars involving the Principality of Moscow (1263–1547), also known as Muscovy.
| Date | Conflict | Combatant 1 | Combatant 2 | Result |
| 1281–1293/4 | Vladimir-Suzdal war of succession (1281–1293) [ru] Casus belli: death of Alexander Nevsky (1263). Duden's campaign [ru] (summer–autumn 1293) (part of the Tokhta–Nogai war) | Nogai forces Dmitry of Pereslavl Mikhail of Tver Daniel of Moscow | Tode Mongke (1281–1287) Tokhta forces Andrey of Gorodets Theodore the Black Rostov princes | Tokhta victory Vladimir, Moscow and Tver sacked, countryside devastated Dmitry of Pereslavl fled, died in 1294 Andrey of Gorodets became indisputed Grand Prince of Vladimir |
| 1296/8–1302 | Struggle for Pereslavl-Zalessky | Daniel of Moscow Mikhail of Tver Tokhta | Andrey of Gorodets Theodore the Black Konstantin of Ryazan | Muscovite–Tverian victory Moscow sacked (1298) Moscow temporarily acquired Pereslavl-Zalessky (lost in 1340/1) |
| 1305–1485 | Muscovite–Tverian wars [uk; ru] (series of short wars, mixed with other conflicts) | Principality of Moscow | Principality of Tver | Victory Tver annexed by Moscow (1485) |
| 1327 | Tver Uprising of 1327 (part of the Muscovite–Tverian wars [uk; ru]) | Golden Horde Ivan I Kalita of Moscow Alexander of Suzdal [uk; ru] | Principality of Tver Grand Principality of Vladimir | Golden Horde victory Aleksandr of Tver stripped of land holdings and later executed |
| 1368–1372 | Lithuanian–Muscovite War (1368–72) (part of the Great Troubles and the Muscovite–Tverian wars [uk; ru]) | Principality of Moscow | Grand Duchy of Lithuania Principality of Tver | Inconclusive Treaty of Lyubutsk |
| 1376 | Muscovite–Volga Bulgars war (part of the Great Troubles) | Principality of Moscow | Volga Bulgaria | Victory |
| 1377 | Battle on Pyana River (part of the Great Troubles) | Principality of Moscow | Golden Horde | Defeat |
| 1378 | Battle of the Vozha River (part of the Great Troubles) | Principality of Moscow | Golden Horde | Victory |
| 1380 | Battle of Kulikovo (part of the Great Troubles) | Rus' principalities: Principality of Moscow (Dmitri Donskoy) Principality of Beloozero Principality of Yaroslavl Principality of Rostov Principality of Starodub Principality of Mologa Principality of Kashin Princes from Vyazma and Dorogobuzh Part of Upper Oka Principalities Lithuanian princes of Polotsk and Bryansk in exile | Western part of the Golden Horde European mercenaries | Victory for the Rus' principalities coalition Moscow replaced Tver as the most prominent of the northeastern Rus' principalities |
| 1382 | Siege of Moscow (part of the aftermath of the Great Troubles) | Principality of Moscow | Golden Horde | Defeat Dmitri Donskoy forced to reaffirm allegiance to the Golden Horde, and resumed paying the tribute |
| 1406–1408 | Lithuanian–Muscovite War (1406–1408) [uk] (part of the Muscovite–Lithuanian Wars) | Principality of Moscow | Grand Duchy of Lithuania | Hungarian Treaty [uk] (1 September 1408) Lithuania receives Principality of Smolensk and Upper Oka Principalities Muscovy receives the cities of Kozelsk, Lyubutsk and Peremyshl |
| 1425–1453 | Muscovite War of Succession | Younger Donskoy line Vasily II Vasilyevich Dmitry II Shemyaka (1434–9) Boris of Tver (c. 1438) Mäxmüd of Kazan (1445–8) Qasim Khan (1452–3) | Older Donskoy line Yury Dmitrievich (1425–34) Vasily Kosoy (1434–6) Ulugh of Kazan (1437–45) Dmitry II Shemyaka (1439; 1445–53) Ivan of Mozhaysk [ru; uk] (1447–53) | Vasily II victory Younger lineage of Dmitry Donskoy gained the Muscovite throne |
| 1437–1445 | Ulugh Muhammad's campaign (first Russo-Kazan war) (from Battle of Belyov to Battle of Suzdal) (connected with the Muscovite War of Succession) | Younger Donskoy line Vasily II Vasilyevich Dmitry II Shemyaka (1437–9) | Older Donskoy line Ulugh of Kazan Dmitry II Shemyaka (1439) | Ulugh victory Ulugh captured Vasily II Vasilyevich (1445) Ulugh's successor Mäxmüd made Vasily II his vassal Dmitry Shemyaka seized Moscow in Vasily II's absence |
| 1467–1469 | Qasim War | Grand Principality of Moscow Qasim Khanate | Khanate of Kazan | Victory Kazan released all ethnic Christian Russians enslaved in the preceding four decades |
| 1471 | Battle of Shelon | Grand Principality of Moscow | Novgorod Republic | Victory Novgorod Republic annexed by the Grand Principality of Moscow in 1478 |
| 1478 | Siege of Kazan | Grand Principality of Moscow | Khanate of Kazan | Victory The Kazan Khan imprisoned and replaced by his half-brother |
| 1480 | Great Stand on the Ugra River | Grand Principality of Moscow | Golden Horde | Debated Traditional Russian historiography: Muscovite victory, and the end of the Mongol-Tatar yoke in Russia Modern Western scholarly historiography: Insignificant non-battle, embellished in later accounts; Moscow retained formal relations with Tatar khanates and continued paying tribute to the Crimean Khanate for decades |
| 1480-1481 | Russian-Livonian War (1480-1481) | Russia | Livonian Confederation | Victory |
| 1485 | Capture of Tver (1485) [ru] (part of the Muscovite–Tverian wars [uk; ru]) | Grand Principality of Moscow | Principality of Tver | Victory Principality of Tver annexed by the Grand Principality of Moscow |
| 1487–1494 | First Muscovite-Lithuanian War | Grand Principality of Moscow | Grand Duchy of Lithuania | Victory |
| 1495–1497 | Russo-Swedish War | Grand Principality of Moscow | Sweden | Inconclusive |
| 1500–1503 | Second Muscovite–Lithuanian War | Grand Principality of Moscow | Grand Duchy of Lithuania Livonian Order | Victory |
| 1505–1507 | Russo-Kazan War | Grand Principality of Moscow | Khanate of Kazan | Inconclusive |
| 1507–1508 | Third Muscovite–Lithuanian War | Grand Principality of Moscow | Grand Duchy of Lithuania Crimean Khanate | Inconclusive |
| 1512–1522 | Fourth Muscovite–Lithuanian War | Grand Principality of Moscow Livonian Order | Grand Duchy of Lithuania Kingdom of Poland Crimean Khanate | Victory |
| 1534–1537 | Fifth Muscovite–Lithuanian War | Grand Principality of Moscow | Grand Duchy of Lithuania Kingdom of Poland Crimean Khanate | Inconclusive |

## Tsardom of Russia (1547–1721)

| Date | Conflict | Location | Russia and its allies | Opponent(s) | Result |
| 1552 | Siege of Kazan Ivan IV enters the defeated Kazan | Tatarstan | Russia | Khanate of Kazan | Victory The annexation of Kazan into Russia |
| 1552–1556 | Tatar Rebellion | Tatarstan | Russia | Tatar rebels | Victory The rebellion is crushed |
| 1554–1557 | Ivan the Terrible's Swedish War | Karelia | Russia | Sweden | Inconclusive Treaty of Novgorod |
| 1556 | Russian conquest of Astrakhan | Astrakhan | Russia | Astrakhan Khanate | Victory The annexation of Astrakhan into Russia |
| 1558–1562 | Ivan the Terrible's Livonian Campaign | Livonia | Russia | Livonian Confederation | Victory Destruction of the Livonian state Truce with Poland and Lithuania |
| 1562–1570 | Russo-Lithuanian War | Northern Europe | Russia | Polish–Lithuanian union | Victory |
| 1558–1583 | Livonian War Russia troops besiege Narva in 1558 | Northern Europe | Russia Livonia | Livonian Confederation Denmark–Norway SwedenPolish–Lithuanian union (after 1569, Poland-Lithuania | Defeat Truce of Jam Zapolski Treaty of Plussa |
| 1568–1570 | Astrakhan Expedition | Astrakhan and Azov | Russia | Ottoman Empire Crimean Khanate | Victory Treaty of Constantinople (1570) |
| 1570–1572 | Ivan the Terrible's Crimean War | European Russia | Russia | Crimean Khanate | Victory The Crimean Tatars burn Moscow in 1571 The Russians defeat the Crimean Tatars at the Battle of Molodi in 1572 The independence of Russia and its conquests in the Volga region preserved |
| 1580–1762 | Russian conquest of Siberia Yermak's Conquest of Siberia | Siberia | Russia Cossacks Pro-Russian native Siberians | Khanate of Sibir (until 1598) Native Siberians | Victory The start of Russian annexation of Siberia |
| 1590–1595 | Boris Godunov's Swedish War | Northern Europe | Russia | Sweden | Inconclusive Treaty of Teusina Мutual territorial concessions |
| 1605–1618 | Polish invasions of Russia The Poles surrender the Moscow Kremlin to Prince Pozharsky in 1612 | Russia | Russia Sweden (1609–1610) | Poland–Lithuania | Defeat |
| 1606–1607 | Bolotnikov Rebellion Bolotnikov's battle with the Tsar's army at Nizhniye Kotly near Moscow | Russia | Russia | Rebels under Ivan Bolotnikov | Victory The rebellion is crushed |
| 1610–1617 | Ingrian War Depiction of Russian troops in 1611 | Russia | Russia | Sweden | Defeat Treaty of Stolbovo |
| 1632–1634 | Smolensk War Russian troops storm Smolensk | Smolensk | Russia | Poland–Lithuania | Defeat Treaty of Polyanovka |
| 1651–1653 | Alexis I's Persian War | North Caucasus | Russia | Persia | Defeat |
| 1652–1689 | Sino–Russian border conflicts Russian fort under attack by Chinese troops | Heilongjiang and Amur | RussiaCossacks | China Korea | Defeat Treaty of Nerchinsk |
| 1654–1667 | First Northern War | Eastern Europe | Russia Cossack Hetmanate | Poland-Lithuania Crimean Khanate | Victory Truce of Andrusovo |
| 1656–1658 | Second Northern War Russian troops besiege Riga in 1656 | Northern Europe | Russia | Sweden | Inconclusive Treaty of Valiesar Treaty of Cardis |
| 1662–1664 | First Bashkir Rebellion | Bashkortostan | Russia | Bashkir rebels | Inconclusive; political defeat The Russian government was forced to accept Bashkir demands |
| 1670–1671 | Razin's Rebellion Razin's rebels in Astrakhan | Russia | Russia | Cossacks under Stepan Razin | Victory The rebellion is crushed |
| 1676–1681 | Feodor III's Turkish War | Ukraine | Russia | Ottoman Empire Crimean Khanate | Indecisive Treaty of Bakhchisarai |
| 1683–1700 | Great Turkish War Russian troops capture Azov | Eastern Europe | Russia (from 1686) Austria Poland–Lithuania Cossack Hetmanate | Ottoman Empire Crimean Khanate | Victory Treaty of Constantinople Russia stops paying regular tribute to Crimea |
| 1700–1721 | Great Northern War Russian troops assault the island fortress of Nöteborg Russian troops capture Narva | Europe | Russia Denmark–Norway (except 1700–1709) Saxony (except 1706–1709) Poland–Lithuania (except 1704–1709) Cossack Hetmanate (until 1708) Prussia (from 1715) Hanover (from 1715) Great Britain (1717–1719) | Sweden Holstein-Gottorp Poland-Lithuania (1704–1709) Ottoman Empire (1710–1714) Cossack Hetmanate (1708–09) Great Britain (1700, 1719–1921) | Victory against Sweden Treaty of Nystad |
| 1700–1721 | Great Northern War Russian troops assault the island fortress of Nöteborg Russian troops capture Narva | Europe | Russia Denmark–Norway (except 1700–1709) Saxony (except 1706–1709) Poland–Lithuania (except 1704–1709) Cossack Hetmanate (until 1708) Prussia (from 1715) Hanover (from 1715) Great Britain (1717–1719) | Sweden Holstein-Gottorp Poland-Lithuania (1704–1709) Ottoman Empire (1710–1714) Cossack Hetmanate (1708–09) Great Britain (1700, 1719–1921) | Defeat by Ottoman Empire Treaty of the Pruth |
| 1704–1711 | Third Bashkir Rebellion | Bashkortostan and Tatarstan | Russia | Bashkir rebels | Military victory, political defeat Russian government forced to accept some Bashkir demands |
| 1707–1708 | Bulavin Rebellion | Southern Russia | Russia | Don Cossack rebels | Victory The rebellion is crushed |
| 1717 | Peter the Great's Khivan War | Khanate of Khiva | Russia | Khanate of Khiva | Defeat Russian invasion repelled |
| 1717–1731 | War with Abulhair | Kazakhstan and Siberia | Russia | Kazakh Khanate | Victory Minor Jüz becomes a Russian vassal |

## Russian Empire (1721–1917)

| Date | Conflict | Location | Russia and its allies | Opponent(s) | Result |
| 1722–1723 | Persian Expedition of Peter the Great | Caucasus and northern Iran | Russia Cossack HetmanateArmeniaGeorgia | Persia | Victory Treaty of Saint Petersburg |
| 1725–1778 | Russian conquest of Chukotka | Chukotka | RussiaChuvansKoryaksYukagirs | Chukchi people | Inconclusive Attempts to impose a tribute failed in the long run. The Chukchi accepted the agreement on submission, while maintaining a high degree of autonomy. |
| 1733–1738 | War of the Polish Succession Rhineland Depiction of the Siege of Danzig by Russian and Saxon forces in 1734 | Poland | Poland under Augustus III Russia Austria Saxony Prussia | Poland–Lithuania under Stanisław Leszczyński France Spain Sardinia | Indecisive Treaty of Vienna |
| 1735–1739 | Russo-Austro-Turkish War | Eastern Europe | Russia Cossack Hetmanate Austria | Ottoman Empire Crimea | Victory Russian victory Austrian defeat Treaty of Niš |
| 1735–1740 | Fourth Bashkir Rebellion | Bashkortostan | Russia pro-Russian Bashkirs | Bashkir rebels | Victory The rebellion is crushed Establishment of Orenburg |
| 1740–1748 | War of the Austrian Succession | Europe | Austria Great Britain Hanover Russia (1741–1743, 1748) Dutch Republic Saxony (1743–1745) Sardinia | Prussia (1740–1742, 1744–45) Spain (1740–1746) France Bavaria (1741–1745) Saxony (1741–42) Naples Genoa Sweden (1741–1743) | Inconclusive Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle |
| 1740–1748 | War of the Austrian Succession | Europe | Austria Great Britain Hanover Russia (1741–1743, 1748) Dutch Republic Saxony (1743–1745) Sardinia | Prussia (1740–1742, 1744–45) Spain (1740–1746) France Bavaria (1741–1745) Saxony (1741–42) Naples Genoa Sweden (1741–1743) | Victory against Sweden Treaty of Åbo |
| 1756–1763 | Seven Years' War Russian troops in Berlin in 1760 | Europe and North America | France Austria Spain Sweden Russia (1756–1762) Saxony | Prussia Britain Hanover Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel Portugal Hesse-Kassel Schaumburg-LippeIroquois Confederacy | White peace Treaty of Saint Petersburg Defeat of Russia's former allies |
| 1768–1769 | Koliivshchyna Rebellion Camp of Haidamakas | Ukraine | Russia Poland-Lithuania | Haidamaky | Victory The rebellion is crushed |
| 1768–1772 | War of the Bar Confederation Krakow capitulates to Suvorov | Poland | Russia | France Bar Confederation | Victory Treaty of Kuçuk Kainarji First Partition of Poland |
| 1768–1774 | Catherine the Great's First Turkish War Destruction of the Turkish fleet in the Battle of Chesma | Eastern Europe, Caucasus and Mediterranean | Russia | Ottoman Empire Crimea | Victory Treaty of Küçük Kaynarca |
| 1773–1775 | Pugachev's Rebellion Russian Cossack troops march during the rebellion | Russia | Russia | Rebels under Yemelyan Pugachev Ottoman Empire | Victory The rebellion is crushed |
| 1787–1792 | Catherine the Great's Second Turkish War Russian troops storm the fortress of Ochakov | Eastern Europe | Russia | Ottoman Empire | Victory Treaty of Jassy |
| 1783–1797 | Syrym Datuly's rebellion | Kazakhstan | Russia | Kazakhs | Victory |
| 1788–1790 | Catherine the Great's Swedish War Russian fleet during the Battle of Vyborg Bay | Finland, western Sweden, and the Baltic Sea | Russia | Sweden | Inconclusive |
| 1792 | Catherine the Great's Polish War | Poland | Russia Targowica Confederation | Poland–Lithuania | Victory Second Partition of Poland |
| 1794 | Kościuszko Uprising Battle of Praga | Poland | Russia Prussia | Poland–Lithuania | Victory The uprising is crushed Third Partition of Poland; Poland ceases to exist as an independent country |
| 1796 | Persian Expedition of Catherine the Great | North Caucasus and South Caucasus | Russia | Persia | Victory |
| 1799–1802 | War of the Second Coalition Suvorov victorious at the Battle of Trebbia (1799) | Europe | Austria Holy Roman Empire Great Britain (United Kingdom from 1801) Russia (until 1799) French Royalists Portugal Two Sicilies Ottoman Empire | French First Republic Spain Denmark–Norway Polish LegionsFrench client states | Withdrawal in 1799 French victory in 1802 |
| 1803–1806 | War of the Third Coalition Capture of a French regiment's standard by the cavalry of the Russian Guards | Europe | Austria Russia United Kingdom Sicily Naples Portugal Sweden | FranceFrench client states | Defeat Peace of Pressburg |
| 1804–1813 | Alexander I's Persian War Russian troops storm the fortress of Lankaran | North Caucasus, South Caucasus and northern Iran | Russia | Persia | Victory Treaty of Gulistan |
| 1806–1807 | War of the Fourth Coalition Russia troops clash with French troops at the Battle of Eylau | Eastern and Central Europe | Prussia  United Kingdom  Saxony  Sweden  Russia Naples | France French client states  Spain Confederation of the Rhine  Bavaria  Württemberg Italy Naples Polish Legions | Defeat Treaties of Tilsit |
| 1806–1812 | Alexander I's Turkish War Russian Fleet after the Battle of Athos | Romania, Moldova, Caucasus and Black Sea | Russia | Ottoman Empire | Victory Treaty of Bucharest |
| 1807–1812 | Anglo-Russian War | Baltic Sea and Barents Sea | Russia | United Kingdom | Inconclusive Treaty of Orebro |
| 1808–1809 | Finnish War Russian troops cross the Gulf of Bothnia on ice | Finland and Sweden | Russia | Sweden | Victory Treaty of Fredrikshamn |
| 1809 | War of the Fifth Coalition | Central Europe | FranceConfederation of the Rhine Italy Spain Duchy of Warsaw Russia | Austria United Kingdom Naples Sardinia | Victory (limited involvement) Treaty of Schönbrunn |
| 1812 | French invasion of Russia General Raevsky leading a detachment of the Russian Imperial Guard at the Battle of Saltanovka | Russia | Russia | FranceFrench client states | Victory The French invasion is repelled Napoleon's Grand Army is destroyed and forced to retreat |
| 1813–1814 | War of the Sixth Coalition Russian troops entering Paris in 1814 | Europe | Austria Prussia United Kingdom Sweden Russia Spain Portugal Naples Sardinia | FranceFrench client states | Victory Treaty of Fontainebleau Treaty of Paris |
| 1815 | War of the Seventh Coalition | Europe | Austria Prussia United Kingdom Russia Hanover Nassau Brunswick Sweden United Netherlands Spain Portugal Sardinia Two Sicilies Tuscany Switzerland French Royalists | First French Empire Naples | Victory Treaty of Paris |
| 1817–1864 | Caucasian War Imam Shamil surrenders to Russian forces | Caucasus | RussiaMingrelia Guria | Caucasian Imamate Circassia Big Kabarda (until 1825) Abkhazian insurgents Kazi-KumukhDagestan free people Avaria (1829–1859) Svaneti | Victory Annexation of North Caucasus into Russia Surrender of Imam Shamil |
| 1825 | Decembrist revolt Decembrists at the Senate Square | Saint Petersburg | Russia | Decembrist rebels | Victory The revolt is crushed |
| 1826–1836 | Uprising of Sarzhan Kasimov [ru] | Kazakhstan | Russia | Kazakhs | Victory |
| 1826–1828 | Nicholas I's Persian War Russian and Persian troops clash near Elisabethpol | South Caucasus and northern Iran | Russia | Persia | Victory Treaty of Turkmenchay |
| 1827 | Greek War of Independence Russian squadron bombarding the Ottoman fleet | Greece | United Kingdom France Russia | Ottoman Empire | Victory |
| 1828–1829 | Nicholas I's Turkish War Russian troops besiege Kars in 1828 | Balkans and Caucasus | Russia | Ottoman Empire | Victory Treaty of Adrianople |
| 1830–1831 | November uprising Russian and Polish forces clash during the Battle of Ostrołęka | Poland | Russia | Poland | Victory The uprising is crushed |
| 1836–1838 | Bukey Horde uprising | Kazakhstan | Russia | Kazakhs | Victory |
| 1837–1847 | Kenesary's Rebellion | Kazakhstan | Russia | Kazakhs | Victory Fall of Kazakh Khanate |
| 1839–1841 | Second Turko-Egyptian War | Syria and Lebanon | United Kingdom Austria Russia Ottoman Empire | Egypt France Spain | Victory Egypt renounces its claim to Syria |
| 1839–1840 | Khivan campaign of 1839 | Central Asia | Russia | Khanate of Khiva | Defeat |
| 1841 | Gurian rebellion | Georgia | Russia | Gurian rebels | Victory The rebellion is crushed |
| 1842 | Shoorcha rebellion | Tatarstan and Ulyanovsk | Russia | Tatar, Mari and Chuvash peasants | Victory The rebellion is crushed |
| 1842–1868 | Russian conquest of Bukhara | Central Asia | Russia | Emirate of Bukhara | Victory |
| 1848–1849 | Hungarian Revolution of 1848 Hungarian troops surrender to the Russians at Világos | Hungary | Austria Croatia Serbian Vojvodina Serbian volunteers Pro-Habsburg Hungarians Slovak National Council Transylvanian Romanians Chief Rus' Council [uk] Czech volunteers Bohemian and Moravian volunteers Transylvanian Saxons  Russia | Hungary Hungarian Slovenes Pro-Hungarian Slovaks Rusyns Zipser Germans Hungarian Germans Croats from Western Hungary and Međimurje Šokac and Bunjevac people Banat Bulgarians Polish legions German legion Viennese legion Italian legion | Victory The revolution is crushed |
| 1850–1868 | Russian conquest of Kokand Khanate | Central Asia | Russia | Khanate of Kokand | Victory |
| 1853–1856 | Crimean War Russian troops and French zouaves engaged in hand-to-hand combat at Malakhov Kurgan | Crimea, Balkans, Caucasus, Black Sea, Baltic Sea, White Sea and Far East | Russia | France Ottoman Empire United Kingdom Sardinia | Defeat Treaty of Paris |
| 1858 | Mahtra Rebellion | Estonia | Russia | Estonian peasants | Victory The rebellion is crushed |
| 1861 | Bezdna Revolt | Tatarstan | Russia | Peasants | Victory The revolt is crushed |
| 1863–1864 | January Uprising Russian troops in Warsaw during the uprising | Poland | Russia | Polish, Lithuanian and Ukrainian insurgents | Victory The uprising is crushed |
| 1866 | Polish rebellion in Siberia | Siberia | Russia | Polish political exiles | Victory The rebellion is crushed |
| 1868–1869 | Uprising in the Ural and Turgai Oblasts | Kazakhstan | Russia | Kazakhs | Victory |
| 1870 | Adai Rebellion | Kazakhstan | Russia | Kazakhs | Victory |
| 1873 | Khivan campaign of 1873 | Central Asia | Russia | Khanate of Khiva | Victory |
| 1877–1878 | Russo-Turkish War Russian troops entering Adrianople | Balkans and Caucasus | Russia Romania Bulgarian volunteers Serbia Montenegro | Ottoman Empire | Victory Treaty of San Stefano Treaty of Berlin Reestablishment of the Bulgarian state De jure independence of Romania, Serbia and Montenegro from the Ottoman Empire The annexation of Kars and Batum into Russia |
| 1897–1898 | Cretan Revolt (1897–1898) | Crete | Cretan revolutionaries Greece United Kingdom France Italy Russia Austria–Hungary (until April 12, 1898) German Empire (until March 16, 1898) | Ottoman Empire | Victory Establishment of the Cretan State Withdrawal of Ottoman forces from Crete |
| 1899–1901 | Boxer Rebellion Russian troops in Pekin | China | Eight-Nation Alliance: Japan United Kingdom Russia France United States Germany Austria-Hungary Italy | Yìhéquán China | Victory |
| 1902–1906 | Rebellion in Guria | Georgia | Russia | Gurian Republic | Victory The rebellion is crushed |
| 1904–1905 | Russo-Japanese War Russian cavalry in a reconnaissance mission during the Battle of Mukden | Manchuria, Korean Peninsula and Yellow Sea | Russia | Japan | Defeat Treaty of Portsmouth |
| 1905–1907 | Russian Revolution of 1905 A barricade erected by revolutionaries in Moscow | Russia | Russia | Revolutionaries Supported by: Saint Petersburg Soviet Moscow City Duma Chita Republic Party of Socialist Revolutionaries Russian Social Democratic Labour Party Kagal | Victory Revolutionaries defeated Nicholas II retains the throne October Manifesto Constitution enacted Establishment of the State Duma |
| 1905–1911 | Persian Constitutional Revolution Russian flag over Arg of Tabriz | Iran | Persia Russia (from 1906) | Iranian constitutionalists | Victory Russian occupation of Northern Iran until 1917 |
| 1914–1917 | World War I Russian troops going to the frontAttack of Russian cavalryRussian trenches in the forests of Sarikamish | Europe and Asia | Allied Powers (see list) | Central Powers:  Germany  Austria-Hungary  Ottoman Empire  Bulgaria | Defeat, later allied victory Separate peace at Treaty of Brest-Litovsk Russian Civil War Paris Peace Conference |
| 1917 | February Revolution | Russia | Russia | Republicans: Kadets Octobrists Progressive Party Socialists: Socialist Revolutionary Party Russian Social Democratic Labour Party Mensheviks Bolsheviks | Revolution succeeds Tsar Nicholas II abdicates Period of dual power between the Provisional Government and the Petrograd Soviet Proclamation of the Russian Republic October Revolution and start of the Russian Civil War |

## Russian Republic (1917)

| Date | Conflict | Location | Russia and its allies | Opponent(s) | Result |
| 1917 | October Revolution | Russia | Russia | Bolsheviks Petrograd Soviet Left SRs Red Guards | Revolution succeeds Dissolution of the Russian Provisional Government The Second All-Russian Congress of Soviets proclaims itself the supreme governing body in the country Constituent Assembly election held under heavy Bolshevik pressure Beginning of the Russian Civil War |

## Russian SFSR (1917–1922)

| Date | Conflict | Russia and its allies | Opponent(s) | Result |
| 1917–1922 | Russian Civil War | Russian SFSR Far Eastern Republic Mongolian Communists Makhnovshchina Left SR Green armies | White Movement Mountain Republic Makhnovshchina Left SR Green armies Britain Japan Czechoslovakia Greece United States France Serbia Romania Italy China Mongolia | Victory of Bolshevik forces in Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, South Caucasus, Central Asia, Tuva, and Mongolia; incorporation of those territories into the Soviet Union Victory for independence movements in Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, and Poland; expulsion of Bolshevik forces from those territories |
| 1917–1921 | Ukrainian-Soviet War (Ukrainian War of Independence) | Russian SFSR Ukrainian SSR Makhnovshchina | Ukrainian People's Republic West Ukrainian People's Republic German Empire (1918) Poland (1920–1921) Hetmanate of Ukraine White Movement German Empire (1917–1918) Romania (1918) Poland (1918–1919) France (1919) Greece (1919) | Victory Formation of the Ukrainian SSR and its incorporation into the Soviet Union Destruction of the Ukrainian People's Republic |
| 1917–1920 | Kazakhstan Campaign | Russian SFSR | Alash Autonomy White Movement | Victory Overthrow of the Alash Autonomy; incorporation of Kazakhstan into the Soviet Union |
| 1918 | Finnish Civil War | Russian SSR Red Guard | White Guard Germany | Defeat Victory of the White Guard in Finland; expulsion of Bolshevik forces and Finnish independence |
| 1918–1919 | Sochi conflict | Russian SFSR Armed Forces of South Russia Ottoman Empire | Georgia | Indecisive Sochi and Tuapse transferred to the Russian SFSR Gagra transferred to Georgia |
| 1918–1920 | Latvian War of Independence | Russian SFSR Latvian SSR | Latvian Army Estonia Lieven Poland Lithuania Supported by the Allied Powers VI Reserve Corps: Baltische Landeswehr Freikorps merged into the West Russian Volunteer Army in September 1919 | Defeat Expulsion of Bolshevik forces from Latvia; Latvian independence |
| 1918–1920 | Estonian War of Independence | Russian SFSR Commune of Estonia | Estonia Latvia United Kingdom White Movement Finnish, Danish, and Swedish volunteers Baltische Landeswehr | Defeat Expulsion of Bolshevik forces from Estonia; Estonian independence Treaty of Tartu |
| 1918–1919 | Lithuanian–Soviet War | Russian SFSR Lithuanian–Belorussian SSR | Republic of Lithuania Saxon volunteers | Defeat Expulsion of Bolshevik forces from Lithuania; Lithuanian independence |
| 1918–1920 | Georgian-Ossetian Conflict | Russian SFSR Ossetian rebels | Transcaucasian Federation Georgia | Defeat The Ossetian rebellion is crushed |
| 1919–1921 | Polish–Soviet War | Russian SFSR Ukrainian SSR Byelorussian SSR Polrewkom | Poland Ukrainian nationalists | Defeat Bolshevik forces expelled from Poland Peace of Riga Destruction of the Ukrainian People's Republic |
| 1919–1923 | Turkish War of Independence | Turkey Russian SFSR | Greece United Kingdom Armenia | Victory Overthrow of the Ottoman sultanate Establishment of the Republic of Turkey |
| 1920 | Invasion of Azerbaijan | Russian SFSR Azerbaijan SSR | Azerbaijan | Victory Overthrow of the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic government; incorporation of Azerbaijan into the Soviet Union |
| 1920 | Invasion of Armenia | Russian SFSR | Armenia | Victory Overthrow of the First Republic of Armenia; incorporation of Armenia into the Soviet Union |
| 1921 | Invasion of Georgia | Russian SFSR Azerbaijan SSR Turkey | Georgia | Victory Overthrow of the Democratic Republic of Georgia; incorporation of Georgia into the Soviet Union |
| 1921 | Soviet intervention in Mongolia | Russian SFSR Mongolian People's Party | Mongolia | Victory Provisional People's Republic of Mongolia established as a protectorate |
| 1921–1922 | East Karelian Uprising | Russian SFSR | Forest Guerrillas Finnish volunteers | Victory The uprising is crushed |

## Russia and the Soviet Union (1916–1934)

| Date | Conflict | Location | Russia and its allies | Opponent(s) | Result |
| 1916–1934 | Central Asian Revolt Soviet troops on Turkestan front in 1922 | Central Asia | Russian Empire (until 1917)  Russian SFSR Turkestan ASSR Kirghiz ASSR  Soviet Union (from 1922) | Basmachi Khiva Bukhara Afghanistan | Victory The revolt is crushed |

## Soviet Union (1922–1991)

This is a list of wars involving the Soviet Union (30 December 1922 – 26 December 1991).
    Victory
    Defeat
    Another result*
*e.g. result unknown or indecisive/inconclusive, result of internal conflict inside the Soviet Union, status quo ante bellum, or a treaty or peace without a clear result.
| Date | Conflict | Location | Combatant 1 | Combatant 2 | Result |
| 1916–1934 | Central Asian Revolt Soviet troops on Turkestan front in 1922 | Central Asia | Russian Empire (until 1917)  Russian SFSR Turkestan ASSR Kirghiz ASSR  Soviet Union (from 1922) | Basmachi Khiva Bukhara Afghanistan | Victory The revolt is suppressed |
| 1924 | August Uprising | | Soviet Union | Damkom | Victory The uprising is suppressed Consolidation of Soviet rule in the Georgian SSR |
| 1925–1926 | Urtatagai conflict | | Soviet Union | Emirate of Afghanistan | Defeat Peace Treaty Urtatagui is seized back to Afghanistan Afghanistan agreement to restrain Basmachi border raids |
| 1929 | Sino-Soviet conflict | | Soviet Union | China | Victory The provisions of the 1924 agreement are upheld |
| 1929 | Red Army intervention in Afghanistan (1929) Part of the Afghan Civil War (1928–1929) | | Soviet Union Kingdom of Afghanistan | Emirate of Afghanistan Saqqawists Basmachi | Defeat The Soviet Union failed to change the situation in the country Red Army withdrawal of Afghanistan back to the USSR Civil war continues Afghan Civil War (1928–1929) |
| 1930 | Red Army intervention in Afghanistan (1930) | | Soviet Union | Basmachi | Victory |
| 1932 | Chechen uprising of 1932 [ru] | | Soviet Union | Chechen rebels | Victory The uprising is suppressed |
| 1932–1941 | Soviet–Japanese border conflicts | | Soviet Union  Mongolia | Japan  Manchukuo | Victory Soviet–Japanese Neutrality Pact |
| 1934 | Soviet invasion of Xinjiang | | Soviet Union Xinjiang clique White Movement Torgut Mongols | China | Stalemate Xinjiang divided in two |
| (1936–39) | Spanish Civil War | Spain | Spain People's Army Popular Front UGT CNT-FAI Generalitat de Catalunya Euzko Gudarostea Supported by: Soviet Union Mexico Volunteers International Brigades | Nationalist faction FET y de las JONS FE de las JONS Requetés/CT CEDA Renovación Española Army of Africa Supported by: Italy Germany Portugal | Defeat Nationalist faction victory Fall of the Second Spanish Republic Beginning of Franco's regime |
| 1937 | Islamic Rebellion in Xinjiang | | Xinjiang  Soviet Union White Movement | China | Victory Rebellion is suppressed Establishment of the rule of Sheng Shicai's Soviet puppet regime over the whole territory of Xinjiang province |
| 1939 | Soviet invasion of Poland (Part of World War II) | | Germany  Soviet Union  Slovakia | Poland | Victory Partition of Polish territory (Fourth Partition of Poland) between Nazi Germany, Soviet Union and Slovakia |
| 1939–1940 | Winter War (Part of World War II) | | Soviet Union | Finland | Inconclusive Soviet invasion of Finland repelled and the planned conquest of Finland fails Moscow Peace Treaty Cession of the Gulf of Finland islands, Karelian Isthmus, Ladoga Karelia, Salla, and Rybachy Peninsula, and lease of Hanko to the Soviet Union Expulsion of the Soviet Union from the League of Nations |
| 1940 | Occupation and annexation of the Baltic states (Part of World War II) | | Soviet Union | Estonia Latvia Lithuania | Victory Occupation and annexation of the Baltic states into the Soviet Union by the Red Army |
| 1940 | Soviet occupation of Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina (part of World War II) | | Soviet Union | Romania | Victory Bessarabia, Northern Bukovina and the Hertsa region annexed into the Soviet Union; formation of the Moldavian SSR |
| 1941–1945 | World War II | | Allied Powers:  Soviet Union  United States  United Kingdom  China  France  Poland  Canada  Australia  New Zealand  India  South Africa Yugoslavia  Greece  Denmark  Norway  Netherlands  Belgium  Luxembourg  Czechoslovakia  Brazil  Mexico | Axis Powers:  Germany  Japan  Italy  Hungary  Romania  Bulgaria  Slovakia  Croatia  Thailand  Manchukuo  Mengjiang Wang Jingwei regime | Victory Debellation of the Third Reich Fall of Japanese and Italian Empires Creation of the United Nations Emergence of the United States and the Soviet Union as rival superpowers Beginning of the Cold War |
| 1944–1960s | Anti-communist insurgencies in Central and Eastern Europe Guerrilla war in Ukraine (Part of World War II from 1944 to 1945) Guerrilla war in the Baltic states Anti-communist resistance in Poland (1944–1953) | | Soviet Union East Germany Polish People's Republic Czechoslovak Socialist Republic Hungarian People's Republic Socialist Republic of Romania People's Republic of Bulgaria Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia | Ukrainian Insurgents Polish Insurgents Estonian Insurgents Latvian Insurgents Lithuanian Insurgents Bulgarian Insurgents Serbian Insurgents Croatian Insurgents Romanian Insurgents German Insurgents Hungarian Insurgents | Victory The independence movements are suppressed Soviet hegemony in Eastern Europe preserved |
| 1945 | Soviet–Japanese War (Part of World War II) | | Soviet Union  Mongolia | Japan  Manchukuo | Victory Karafuto Prefecture annexed into the Soviet Union and incorporated into the Sakhalin Oblast of the Russian SFSR The Kuril Islands annexed into the Soviet Union and incorporated into the Russian SFSR The liberation of Manchuria, Inner Mongolia, and northern Korea, and the collapse of the Japanese puppet states therein The partition of the Korean Peninsula; the Soviet Union occupies North Korea Manchuria and Inner Mongolia returned to China |
| 1946-1954 | First Indochina War | | France  State of Vietnam  Kingdom of Laos  Cambodia | Viet Minh Khmer Issarak Pathet Lao  Japan Japanese holdout Supported by: Soviet Union China | Victory Withdrawal of French forces from Indochina Democratic Republic of Vietnam independence recognized State of Vietnam, Kingdom of Laos and Kingdom of Cambodia achieve independence Vietnam was partitioned between North (controlled by the Việt Minh) and South (controlled by the State of Vietnam) |
| 1950–1953 | Korean War | | North Korea  China  Soviet Union | United Nations  South Korea  United States  United Kingdom  Australia  Belgium  Canada  France  Philippines  Colombia  Ethiopia  Greece  Luxembourg  Netherlands  New Zealand  South Africa  Thailand  Turkey | Ceasefire Establishment of the Korean DMZ Minor territorial changes |
| 1955–1975 | Vietnam War | | North Vietnam Viet Cong and PRG Pathet Lao GRUNK (1970–1975) Khmer Rouge  China  Soviet Union  North Korea | South Vietnam  United States  South Korea  Australia  New Zealand  Laos Cambodia (1967–1970) Khmer Republic (1970–1975)  Thailand  Philippines | Victory Withdrawal of American forces from Indochina North Vietnamese victory over South Vietnam Dissolution of the Republic of Vietnam South Vietnam annexed by North Vietnam Soviet-aligned communist governments take power in South Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia |
| 1953 | East German Uprising | | Soviet Union East Germany | East German demonstrators | Victory The uprising is suppressed |
| 1956 | Hungarian Revolution | | Soviet Union ÁVH | Revolutionaries | Victory The revolution is suppressed |
| 1961 | Vlora Incident | | Soviet Union Warsaw Pact: Bulgaria Czechoslovakia East Germany Hungary Poland | Albania | Soviet-Warsaw Pact defeat Withdrawal of soviet marines and technicians Warsaw Pact capture of Pasha Liman Base failed |
| 1968 | Invasion of Czechoslovakia | | Soviet Union Bulgaria  East Germany Hungary Poland | Czechoslovakia | Victory The Prague Spring is suppressed Moscow Protocol Soviet military presence in Czechoslovakia until 1991 |
| 1969 | Sino-Soviet border conflict | | Soviet Union | China | Victory (status quo ante bellum) Tactical Soviet victory Strategic Soviet victory: ceasefire agreement signed 1991 Sino-Soviet Border Agreement |
| 1969–1970 | War of Attrition | | Egypt  Soviet Union | Israel | Inconclusive Continuation of Israeli occupation of Sinai |
| 1975–1991 | Angolan Civil War | | MPLA  Cuba  Brazil  Soviet Union SWAPO MK | South Africa UNITA FNLA FLEC | Victory Three Powers Accord Withdrawal of all foreign forces from Angola Independence of Namibia |
| 1977–1978 | Ethio-Somali War | | Ethiopia  Cuba  South Yemen  Soviet Union | Somalia WSLF | Victory Somalia breaks all ties with the Soviet Bloc |
| 1979–1989 | Soviet–Afghan War | | Soviet Union Democratic Republic of Afghanistan | Afghan Mujahideen | Defeat Failure to suppress the Afghan mujahideen insurgency Geneva Accords of 1988 Soviet withdrawal from Afghanistan Beginning of the Afghan Civil War |

## Russian Federation (1991–present)

| Date | Conflict | Location | Russia and its allies | Opponent(s) | Result for Russia |
| 1991–1993 | Georgian Civil War | Georgia | Government of Georgia Supported by  Russia | Zviad Gamsakhurdia's government in exile Zviadists | Victory Zviadist revolt crushed |
| 1991–1992 | South Ossetian War | South Ossetia | South Ossetia Russia | Georgia | Victory South Ossetia gains de facto independence |
| 1992–1993 | War in Abkhazia | Abkhazia | Abkhazia Russia Confederation of Mountain Peoples of the Caucasus | Georgia UNA-UNSO | Victory Abkhazia gained de facto independence |
| 1992 | Transnistria War PMR trucks on the bridge between Tiraspol and Bendery | Transnistria | Transnistria  Russia 14th Guards Army (elements) Don Cossacks Kuban Cossacks Ukrainian volunteers UNA-UNSO. | Moldova Romanian volunteers and military advisers | Victory Transnistria gains de facto independence |
| 1992–1997 | Tajikistani Civil War Spetsnaz troops dismount an APC during the war | Tajikistan | / Tajikistan/ Russia Uzbekistan/ Kazakhstan/ Kyrgyzstan/ Turkmenistan Supported by / Belarus (weapons supplies) | United Tajik Opposition Afghanistan (until 1996) Hezb-e Islami Gulbuddin (until 1996) Taliban factions Supported by al-Qaeda Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan | Victory United Nations-sponsored armistice |
| 1994–1996 | First Chechen War A Chechen militiaman takes cover behind a burned-out Russian BMP-2 armoured vehicle | Chechnya | Russia | Ichkeria Mujahideen | Defeat Withdrawal of Russian forces from Chechnya Khasav-Yurt Accord De facto independence of the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria, but de jure it remains a part of the Russian Federation |
| 1999 | War of Dagestan | Dagestan | Russia | IIPB | Victory Start of the Second Chechen War |
| 1999–2009 | Second Chechen War A farewell ceremony for the 331st Airborne Regiment of the 98th Airborne Division withdrawn from Chechnya | Chechnya | Russia | Ichkeria Caucasian Front Mujahideen | Victory Russia regains control over Chechnya |
| 2008 | Russo-Georgian War Russian BMP-2 from the 58th Army in South Ossetia | Georgia, South Ossetia and Abkhazia | Russia South Ossetia Abkhazia | Georgia | Victory Occupation of Abkhazia and South Ossetia |
| 2014–present | Russo-Ukrainian War Russian unidentified special forces take control of a Ukrainian military garrison in Crimea | Ukraine | Russia  Donetsk People's Republic  Luhansk People's Republic Supported by  Belarus (since 2022) North Korea (since 2024) | Ukraine Supported by: see List of foreign aid to Ukraine during the Russo-Ukrainian War | Ongoing 2014 Russian annexation of Crimea War in Donbas Minsk Protocol, an un-implemented ceasefire agreement 2021–22 Russo-Ukrainian crisis 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine Annexation of Southern and Eastern Ukraine |
| 2015–2024 | Russian military intervention in the Syrian Civil War Two Tupolev Tu-22M3s bombing in the Deir ez-Zor area, 2017 | Syria | Russia Ba'athist Syria Iran Hezbollah | ISIL Ahrar al-Sham Tahrir al-Sham Syrian Opposition | Defeat Russian failure to prevent the fall of the Assad government Russia's air and naval bases in Syria are secure as of December 2024 |
| 2018–present | Central African Republic Civil War Delivery of Russian BRDM-2 armored vehicles to Central African Republic, October 2020 | Central African Republic | Russia Central African Republic Rwanda | Coalition of Patriots for Change | Ongoing |
| 2021–present | Mali War | Mali | Russia Mali | Al-Qaeda Islamic State | Ongoing |
| 2024–present | Jihadist insurgency in Burkina Faso | Burkina Faso | Russia Burkina Faso | Al-Qaeda Islamic State | Ongoing |