OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ushiberd

Ushiberd (Armenian: Ուշիբերդ) is an Iron Age fortress located upon a hill just outside the village of Ushi in the Aragatsotn Province of Armenia. It has almost completely collapsed except for portions of the walls that once surrounded the fortress, located around the edge of the hill before it descends. Within the area that was once the interior of the fortress are large piles of large stones that once made up the fortification walls and structures within. Just below the hill is Saint Sargis Monastery of the 7th–13th centuries. It sits at the far side of what was once a settlement site from the 3rd–1st millennia BC. Nearby, down the main road that leads back into Ushi from the monastery and fortress, is a small chapel from the 10th century.

## Gallery

* Thick piles of stones where fortifications had once been at the top of the hill.
# Adidas Rivalry

Adidas Rivalry is a line of shoes released by Adidas. The shoes were developed for basketball when they were released in 1986.

## Overview

The shoe was designed by French designer Jacques Chassaing who had previously worked on the Adidas Forum. The shoe was released in collaboration with Patrick Ewing as part of a collection called the "Ewing Collection". The shoes included the Ewing Conductor, Ewing Rivalry Hi, and the Ewing Rivalry Lo.
The Rivalry was created as the cheaper alternative to the Conductor. It features full-grain leather overlays with a more streamlined design and a grippy rubber outsole compared to previous models. The tongue of all the shoes featured Ewing's name as a logo to distinguish them as his line. Later re-releases rebranded the shoes as the Adidas Conductor and Adidas Rivalry with "Ewing" on the logo replaced with "Adidas" after Patrick Ewing parted ways with the company.
The shoes would see numerous re-releases over the years but would not become extremely popular until the early 2020s thanks to social media site Tik Tok where many users started sharing their own pairs of the sneakers. The popularity led Adidas to re-releasing the shoe again and release multiple collaborations.
# Ixelles Ponds

The Ixelles Ponds (French: Étangs d'Ixelles) or Elsene Ponds (Dutch: Vijvers van Elsene) are two freshwater ponds in the Brussels municipality of Ixelles, Belgium. The ponds we can see today are those spared by a 19th-century campaign of drying the wetlands of the Maelbeek valley between La Cambre Abbey and the Place Eugène Flagey/Eugène Flageyplein.
The two long and narrow ponds, whose total lengths are approximately 700 metres (2,300 ft), and widths are approximately 50 metres (160 ft), are aligned on a roughly North–South axis and are separated by a narrow strip of land. With the surrounding park, the Ixelles Ponds are the tip of a long strip of almost uninterrupted greenery reaching all the way from the Sonian Forest deep into Brussels' urban tissue.
The ponds are an extremely popular recreation area for local residents pertaining to the Belgian upper-crust. However, in the late 1990s, the water was polluted with cyanobacteria. This is still the case with the boating lake in the nearby Bois de la Cambre/Ter Kamerenbos where signs are posted at regular intervals, warning of a risk of botulism. Fishing is allowed in the ponds on Wednesdays, Sundays and public holidays.
* Church of the Holy Cross on the eastern shore of the north pond
* North pond with the Place Eugène Flagey/Eugène Flageyplein in the background
* South pond, facing south
# Wayne Trottier

Wayne Trottier is an American politician in the state of North Dakota. He is a member of the North Dakota House of Representatives, representing the 19th district. He served on the Northwood City Council from 2004 to 2008 before his election to the legislature in 2010.

## Background

Trottier served for two years in the U.S. Army and worked as a sales manager for a feed company and as an auctioneer. He also served on the North Dakota State Fair Board for 16 years prior to his election to the legislature.

## Personal life

Trottier is retired from politics. He is married with one son.
# Dark arts

Dark arts or dark art may refer to:
* Magic (supernatural), beliefs and actions employed to influence supernatural beings and forces
** "Arcane magic" (or "esoteric magic"), magic kept in the dark, secret magic, magic hidden from the public eye
** Black magic (or "dark magic"), the use of supernatural powers for evil and selfish purposes
* Dark Arts (album), a 2016 album by The Killers bassist Mark Stoermer
* Dark Arts (Harry Potter), practiced in J. K. Rowling's Harry Potter novels
* "Dark Art", a song by Zach Hill from his 2008 album Astrological Straits
* "Dark Art", a song by Greek band Septicflesh from the 2017 album Codex Omega
# Petals of Reincarnation

Petals of Reincarnation (リィンカーネーションの花弁, Rīnkānēshon no Kaben) is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Mikihisa Konishi. It began serialization in Mag Garden's Monthly Comic Blade magazine in May 2014. After the magazine published its final issue in July, the series was transferred to the Comic Blade website in September that same year. An anime television series adaptation has been announced.

## Media
### Manga

Written and illustrated by Mikihisa Konishi, Petals of Reincarnation began serialization in Mag Garden's Monthly Comic Blade magazine on May 30, 2014. After the magazine published its final issue on July 30 that same year, the series was transferred to the Comic Blade website on September 1. Its chapters have been collected into twenty-one tankōbon volumes as of February 2025. The series is licensed digitally in English by Mangamo.
| No. | Release date | ISBN |
| 1 | November 10, 2014 | 978-4-80-000376-8 |
| 2 | May 9, 2015 | 978-4-80-000453-6 |
| 3 | October 10, 2015 | 978-4-80-000505-2 |
| 4 | March 10, 2016 | 978-4-80-000542-7 |
| 5 | September 10, 2016 | 978-4-80-000613-4 |
| 6 | June 9, 2017 | 978-4-80-000693-6 |
| 7 | December 9, 2017 | 978-4-80-000735-3 |
| 8 | July 10, 2018 | 978-4-80-000787-2 |
| 9 | January 10, 2019 | 978-4-80-000821-3 |
| 10 | August 10, 2019 | 978-4-80-000882-4 |
| 11 | January 10, 2020 | 978-4-80-000929-6 |
| 12 | August 7, 2020 | 978-4-80-001000-1 |
| 13 | January 9, 2021 | 978-4-80-001042-1 |
| 14 | July 9, 2021 | 978-4-80-001109-1 |
| 15 | January 8, 2022 | 978-4-80-001165-7 |
| 16 | August 7, 2022 | 978-4-80-001225-8 |
| 17 | January 10, 2023 | 978-4-80-001284-5 |
| 18 | July 10, 2023 | 978-4-80-001348-4 |
| 19 | January 10, 2024 | 978-4-80-001412-2 |
| 20 | August 7, 2024 | 978-4-80-001481-8 |
| 21 | February 10, 2025 | 978-4-80-001552-5 |

### Anime

An anime television series adaptation was announced on August 1, 2024.

## Reception

By August 2024, the series had over 3 million copies in circulation.
# 1792 United States elections

Elections were held for the 3rd United States Congress, in 1792 and 1793. Congress was broadly divided between a Pro-Administration faction supporting the policies of George Washington's administration and an Anti-Administration faction opposed to those policies. Due to this, the Federalist Party (generally overlapping with the Pro-Administration faction) and the Democratic-Republican Party (generally overlapping with the Anti-Administration faction) were starting to emerge as the distinct political parties of the First Party System. In this election, the Pro-Administration faction maintained control of the Senate, but lost its majority in the House.
In the presidential election, incumbent President George Washington was re-elected without any major opposition. Washington had considered retirement, but was convinced to seek re-election for the purpose of national unity. Though Washington went unchallenged, Governor George Clinton of New York sought to unseat John Adams as vice president. However, Adams received the second most electoral votes, and so was re-elected to office. Washington remained unaffiliated with any political faction or party throughout his presidency.
In the House, 37 seats were added following the 1790 census. The Anti-Administration faction picked up several seats, narrowly taking the majority from the Pro-Administration faction. However, Frederick Muhlenberg, who leaned closer to the Pro-Administration faction, was elected Speaker of the House.
In the Senate, the Anti-Administration faction picked up one seat, but the Pro-Administration faction maintained a small majority.
# Nikolakis Deligiannis

Nikolaos (Nikolakis) Deligiannis (1795–1877) was a Greek military officer, politician and fighter in the Greek War of Independence of 1821.

## Biography

He was born in Langadia, Arcadia, and was the last child of the powerful Moragian Ioannis Deligiannis and Smyrnean Maria Petropoulou. He was quite educated as he studied at the "Academy" of Lagadia. He became a brother-in-law of Theodoros Kolokotronis.
He was engaged to the daughter of a notable of Karytaina, Koula, but to avoid marriage, he fled, after 1814, to Constantinople. where his brother Anagnostis was living.
With the outbreak of the Greek Revolution in 1821, he went down with his brother to the Peloponnese where he fought. During the Civil War, he was imprisoned in Hydra along with his brothers Kanellos, Anagnostis and Dimitrakis.
After the revolution, he settled in Corinth. He took part in the Fourth National Assembly, with the name as it appears in the minutes as N. Deligiannis and as a delegate of Karytaina in 1831 and in the Fifth National Assembly at Nafplion in 1832 with the name N. Diligiannis.
He was a major and colonel of the Greek Royal Phalanx and served as prefect of Euboea in 1845, member of parliament for Argolis and Corinth in the elections of 1854, mayor of Corinth in 1859 and senator in 1861 in the Greek Senate. In 1862 he became a delegate again in the Second National Assembly of the Greeks at Athens [el], this time as a delegate of Corinth.
He died in 1877.

## Family

He married Aikaterini Notara and had two children, Ioannis, later a member of parliament for Corinth and President of the Parliament, and Chariklia.
# Vladimir Kojève

Vladimir Kojève, or Khodzhev (born 1952) – was a Russian major-general who acted as a military advisor to the government of Syria. He was allegedly killed in the Syrian civil war. In October 2012, after his death, personal documents were published by Al Arabiya which suggested he was working as part of a contract under which the Russian government provided security assistance to the Assad regime; documents suggested he had access to all security facilities in Syria.
However, Now Lebanon cast doubt on the authenticity of Al Arabiya's story. Kuzheyev had earlier appeared on television, in August 2012, to deny reports of his death.
# EMD GA8

The EMD GA8 is an export diesel locomotive designed by GM-EMD in the late 1950s as a simplified design for use on overseas railways with light rail and sharp curves. At the time of its introduction it was described as an extremely lightweight road locomotive capable of handling passenger or freight trains and switching. The locomotive is notable for its use of freight car trucks that are driven by cardan shafts and two traction motors attached to the underframe. Measuring 32 feet 6 inches, they are equipped with an 8-567C prime mover capable of producing 875 bhp or 800 hp traction. Late model GA8 locomotives were equipped with an 8-567E prime mover which is a 645 block (introduced in 1965) fitted with 567 power assemblies. Due to the design, most servicing and maintenance could be done without removing the traction motors from the underframe or trucks of the locomotive.
The EMD GL8 is a derivative design introduced in 1960 that is similar to the GA8 but uses standard B-B or A1A-A1A trucks and was equipped with multiple unit capability. The EMD GA8 prototype demonstrator unit was built in late 1958 or early 1959 and export customer production commenced in 1960. The GA8 demonstrator also attracted considerable attention from several US railroads, although ultimately none would ever purchase the locomotive for domestic use. Several countries purchased the locomotive and examples are still in operation today.

## Original Owners
### Argentina

* 15 Sarmiento Railway 5551-5565. The 5554 and 5561 locomotive, receive change gauge and transferred to the Urquiza line.

### Chile

* 3 Antofagasta y Bolivia 950-952

### Colombia

* 2 National Railways of Colombia 501-502

### El Salvador

* 16 International Railways of Central America, El Salvador Division, later Ferrocarriles Nacionales de El Salvador (National Railways of El Salvador) 851-866

### Mexico

* 22 Coahuila y Zacatecas 800-802; NdeM 5400-5416; Unidos de Yucatán 204-205

### Peru

* 3 Cerro de Pasco 21-23

### South Africa

* 4 Anglo-American Corp. 1-2; Union Lime 1-2

### South Korea

* 2 Fluor Corp. (No #); Korean Oil 3

### Taiwan

* 21 Taiwan Railway Administration S301-S321

### United States

* 1 Electro-Motive Division demonstrator

### Zambia

* 5 Nchanga Consol Copper 8-12

## Gallery

* EMD GA8 line drawing
* View of frame mounted traction motors
* The GA8 uses standard AAR freight car trucks
* Taiwan Railway Administration S318
* FCAB (Antofagasta y Bolivia) 952
* FENADESAL 864
# Chris Matthews (rugby union)

Christopher Mansel Matthews (16 August 1911 — 5 December 1965) was a Welsh international rugby union player.
Born in Newton Nottage, Matthews was the son of former Bridgend captain Tommie Matthews and attended Queen's College in Taunton, Somerset, where he learned his rugby.
Matthews was a prolific try-scoring wing three-quarter for Bridgend and was capped once for Wales, featuring on the right wing in their win over Ireland at Belfast in the 1939 Home Nations.
# Finale (music)

A finale is the last movement of a sonata, symphony, or concerto; the ending of a piece of non-vocal classical music which has several movements; or, a prolonged final sequence at the end of an act of an opera or work of musical theatre.
Michael Talbot wrote of the finales typical in sonatas: "The rondo is the form par excellence used for final movements, and ... its typical character and structural properties accord perfectly with those thought desirable in a sonata finale of the early nineteenth century." Carl Czerny (1791–1857) observed "that first movements and finales ought to—and in practice actually do—proclaim their contrasted characters already in their opening themes."
In theatrical music, Christoph Willibald Gluck was an early proponent of extended finales, with multiple characters, to support the "increasingly natural and realistic" stories in his operas that "improved continuity and theatrical validity" beyond the earlier works.
# Xanthoparmelia arrecta

Xanthoparmelia arrecta is a species of foliose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. It is endemic to Namibia, where it grows in semi-arid environments.

## Taxonomy

It was first described by Theodore L. Esslinger in 2000, from samples collected in Namibia. The type specimen was collected in Namibia's Swakopmund Constituency. The holotype, designated as Hale 81089, was found on the eastern side of the Salt Road (D2301), just south of Wlotzkasbaken, approximately 37 km (23 mi) northwest of Swakopmund at an elevation of 20 m (66 ft). This specimen is housed at the United States National Herbarium (US). The species was initially classified in the genus Neofuscelia, a genus that has since been wrapped into Xanthoparmelia.

## Description

Xanthoparmelia arrecta has a foliose (leaf-like) thallus that is tightly attached to the surface it grows on, usually not exceeding 3 cm (1.2 in) in diameter. The thallus lobes are narrow, measuring 0.5–1.2 mm wide, and have a convex shape. The upper surface of the lobes is brown with a slightly yellowish tone towards the ends, becoming slightly wrinkled as it ages. Unlike many lichens, Xanthoparmelia arrecta does not have soredia or isidia, which are reproductive propagules. The lower surface is tan to pale brown, smooth, and features sparse, short rhizines (root-like structures). Chemical spot tests on the thallus show K−, and HNO$_3$+ (dark blue-green); on the medulla they are PD−, K−, C−, KC+ (dingy rose or rose-orange). Xanthoparmelia arrecta contains the secondary metabolite (lichen product) hypoprotocetraric acid.

## Habitat and distribution

This species is endemic to Namibia, where it was found in the Swakopmund Constituency, growing in semi-arid environments such as gravel flats and coastal regions.
# Beaver Creek (Brandywine Creek tributary)

Beaver Creek is a 2.62 mi (4.22 km) long 2nd order tributary to Brandywine Creek in New Castle County, Delaware.

## Course

Beaver Creek rises about 0.5 miles north-northwest of Elam, Pennsylvania in Delaware County and then flows southwest to join Brandywine Creek about 0.5 miles east of Granoque, Delaware in New Castle County.

## Watershed

Beaver Creek drains 4.08 square miles (10.6 km$^2$) of area, receives about 48.0 in/year of precipitation, has a topographic wetness index of 410.33 and is about 43% forested.
# William Loyall Gravatt

William Loyall Gravatt (December 15, 1859 – February 14, 1942) became the second Bishop of West Virginia in the Episcopal Church in the United States, after serving as a coadjutor to Bishop George William Peterkin.

## Early and family life

Born in Port Royal, Virginia, William was the grandson of merchant Robert Gravatt, whose Huguenot ancestors had arrived in Caroline County, Virginia after France repealed the Edict of Nantes and began persecuting Protestants. His father was Dr. John James Gravatt (1817-1886) and mother Mary Eliza Smith of Richmond (daughter of Col. J.H. Smith of distinguished English ancestry, granddaughter of Larkin Smith). Dr. Gravatt served on the vestry of the local Episcopal church for 31 years, and was ultimately buried in the St. Peter's churchyard. One elder brother became a doctor like their father, a sister married a Confederate general, and John Gravatt also became an Episcopal priest in Virginia. During the American Civil War, Dr. Gravatt, a surgeon, ran a hospital in Richmond. After the war, Dr. Gravatt served as Port Royal's mayor as well as became a delegate to the Reconstruction Convention.
Young William Gravatt studied at Virginia Tech, and then theology at the Virginia Theological Seminary, graduating in 1884. He later received honorary degrees from Washington and Lee University and the University of the South.
He married Sidney S. Peyton of Richmond in 1887 and the couple would ultimately have four children, and die within hours of each other.

## Career

After graduation, William Gravatt served as a curate at St. Paul's Church in Richmond, Virginia for three years, during which he was ordained as a deacon by bishop Francis McNeece Whittle in 1885 and as a priest by the same bishop the following year. Rev. Gravatt then became the rector at St. Peter's Church in Norfolk, Virginia, a newly founded parish where he served until 1893.
Rev. Gravatt then accepted the call from prestigious Zion Episcopal Church in Charles Town, West Virginia and became its rector. When West Virginia's Bishop George William Peterkin asked for appointment of a coadjutor in 1899, the diocesan council elected Rev. Gravatt. He was consecrated in November 10, 1899 by Bishops Peterkin, Whittle and Missionary Bishop Charles Clifton Penick.
Rt.Rev. Gravatt ultimately succeeded Rt.Rev. Peterkin in 1916, and retired in 1939, the year he helped consecrate his nephew John J. Gravatt (brother John's son).

## Death and legacy

The retired bishop and his wife of 54 years, Sidney Peyton Gravatt, died within 2 hours of each other at their home in Charleston in 1942. Joint services were held at Zion Episcopal Church, Charles Town, where they were both laid to rest.
The Episcopal Diocese of West Virginia continues to honor its second bishop, as a building at the diocesan Peterkin Conference Center in Romney, West Virginia is named in his honor.
# 2014 Firestone 600

The 2014 Firestone 600K was the eighth round of the 2014 IndyCar Series season. It took place on Saturday, June 7. The race was contested over 248 laps at the 1.5-mile (2.4 km) Texas Motor Speedway in Fort Worth, Texas, and was televised by NBCSN in the United States. The race was won by Ed Carpenter.

## Classification

| Pos | Driver | Team | Engine | Laps | Time/Retired | Pit Stops | Grid | Laps Led | Pts. |
| 1 | Ed Carpenter | Ed Carpenter Racing | Chevrolet | 248 | 2:01:25.5758 178.301 mph | 5 | 5 | 90 | 51 |
| 2 | Will Power | Team Penske | Chevrolet | 248 | + 0.5247 | 7 | 1 | 145 | 44 |
| 3 | Juan Pablo Montoya | Team Penske | Chevrolet | 248 | + 0.5771 | 6 | 4 | 13 | 36 |
| 4 | Simon Pagenaud | Sam Schmidt Motorsports | Honda | 248 | + 1.1514 | 6 | 6 | | 32 |
| 5 | Scott Dixon | Chip Ganassi Racing | Chevrolet | 248 | + 2.1510 | 5 | 7 | | 30 |
| 6 | Tony Kanaan | Chip Ganassi Racing | Chevrolet | 248 | + 2.4464 | 5 | 3 | | 28 |
| 7 | Mikhail Aleshin (R) | Sam Schmidt Motorsports | Honda | 247 | + 1 Lap | 6 | 11 | | 26 |
| 8 | Hélio Castroneves | Team Penske | Chevrolet | 247 | + 1 Lap | 7 | 14 | | 24 |
| 9 | Ryan Briscoe | Chip Ganassi Racing | Chevrolet | 247 | + 1 Lap | 5 | 13 | | 22 |
| 10 | Charlie Kimball | Chip Ganassi Racing | Chevrolet | 247 | + 1 Lap | 6 | 15 | | 20 |
| 11 | Josef Newgarden | Sarah Fisher Hartman Racing | Honda | 247 | + 1 Lap | 5 | 2 | | 19 |
| 12 | Graham Rahal | Rahal Letterman Lanigan Racing | Honda | 246 | + 2 Laps | 7 | 21 | | 18 |
| 13 | Carlos Muñoz (R) | Andretti Autosport | Honda | 245 | + 3 Laps | 8 | 10 | | 17 |
| 14 | James Hinchcliffe | Andretti Autosport | Honda | 244 | + 4 Laps | 8 | 2 | | 16 |
| 15 | Jack Hawksworth (R) | Bryan Herta Autosport | Honda | 244 | + 4 Laps | 8 | 20 | | 15 |
| 16 | Carlos Huertas (R) | Dale Coyne Racing | Honda | 244 | + 4 Laps | 6 | 22 | | 14 |
| 17 | Sebastián Saavedra | KV Racing Technology | Chevrolet | 244 | + 4 Laps | 7 | 19 | | 13 |
| 18 | Takuma Sato | A. J. Foyt Enterprises | Honda | 238 | Fire | 6 | 16 | | 12 |
| 19 | Ryan Hunter-Reay | Andretti Autosport | Honda | 136 | Engine | 3 | 12 | | 11 |
| 20 | Sébastien Bourdais | KV Racing Technology | Chevrolet | 118 | Crash T4 | 3 | 18 | | 10 |
| 21 | Justin Wilson | Dale Coyne Racing | Honda | 118 | Crash T4 | 2 | 8 | | 9 |
| 22 | Marco Andretti | Andretti Autosport | Honda | 3 | Engine | 0 | 17 | | 8 |

### Notes

Points include 1 point for leading at least 1 lap during a race, an additional 2 points for leading the most race laps, and 1 point for pole position.