OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Pie bird

A pie bird, pie vent, pie whistle, pie funnel, or pie chimney is a hollow ceramic device, originating in Europe, shaped like a funnel, chimney, or upstretched bird with open beak used for supporting or venting a pie. Occasionally other whimsical shapes are used.

## History

Pies with top crusts need to be vented, to allow steam to escape. Funnel-style steam vents have been placed in the center of fruit and meat pies during cooking since Victorian times; bird shapes came later. The bird shape was likely inspired by the "four and twenty blackbirds baked in a pie" from the nursery rhyme "Sing a Song of Sixpence"; that "the birds began to sing" suggests a means for a vent.
Pie funnels were used to prevent pie filling from boiling up and leaking through the crust by allowing steam to escape from inside the pie. They also supported the pastry crust in the center of the pie, so that it did not sag in the middle, and are occasionally known as "crustholders". Older ovens had more problems with uniform heating, and the pie bird prevented boil-over in pie cooking.
The traditional inverted funnels, with arches on the bottom for steam to enter, were followed by ceramic birds; and from the 1940s they have been produced in a multitude of designs. Creigiau Pottery of South Wales produced a 'Welsh Pie Dragon' in copper lustreware. This trend has been particularly noticeable in recent times, due to their increasing popularity as gifts and collectors' items rather than simply utilitarian kitchen tools.
# Stephen Cortright

Major General Stephen Phelps Cortright USAF (retired) (born March 26, 1941), is an American military officer and attorney from Oklahoma who served as the 17th Adjutant General of Oklahoma under Governor Frank Keating from 1995 to 2003. Concurrent with his service as adjutant general, Cortright served in Keating's cabinet as the Oklahoma Secretary of the Military.

## Education

Cortright received his bachelor's degree from Oklahoma State University in 1964 and earned his juris doctor from the University of Tulsa in 1973.

## Military career

Cortright joined the United States Air Force on February 14, 1964. On May 12, 1964, he was commissioned as a second lieutenant and entered undergraduate pilot training at Webb Air Force Base in Texas. He is a command pilot with over 5000 hours of military flying time in the T-33, T-37, T-38, RF-4C, F-100, A-7, and F-16 aircraft. He flew 217 combat missions while serving in Vietnam from September 1966 through July 1967.
Following the end of the Vietnam War, Cortright returned to Oklahoma and became the operations officers with the 125th Tactical Fighter Squadron in Tulsa, Oklahoma. He later became the squadron's commander. He then served as the commander of the 138th Tactical Fighter Group, also based in Tulsa. From 1988 to 1992, Cortight was appointed the headquarters commander of the Oklahoma Air National Guard. In 1992, he served as the Air National Guard Assistant to the commander, Pacific Air Forces at Hickam Air Force Base in Hawaii.

### Dates of ranks

Promotions :
| Rank | Date |
| Major general | October 6, 1992 |
| Brigadier general | March 1, 1989 |
| Colonel | June 26, 1984 |
| Lieutenant colonel | July 20, 1979 |
| Major | July 3, 1975 |
| Captain | May 12, 1969 |
| First lieutenant | May 12, 1967 |
| Second lieutenant | May 12, 1964 |

## Keating administration

In 1995, Governor of Oklahoma Frank Keating appointed Cortright to serve as the Adjutant General of Oklahoma, succeeding Gary Maynard. As adjutant general, General Cortright was the highest-ranking military official in Oklahoma, ranking only behind Governor Keating in his role as commander-in-chief. Cortright oversaw the Oklahoma Military Department and the Oklahoma National Guard. Cortright remained in that position until the end of Keating's term in 2003. He was succeeded by Air Force general Harry M. Wyatt III.

## Personal life

Cortright was married to his wife, Barbara Joyce (née Coleman). She was born in Tulsa February 22, 1943. Stephen and Barbara had four children, David, Tiffany, Heather and Adam, who all survive her. Barbara died on March 27, 2016, in Tulsa. Her ashes were placed at Fort Gibson National Cemetery, after a memorial service at Yale Avenue Christian Church in Tulsa.
# Khalid Raad

Khalid Raad (Arabic: خالد رعد) is a Syrian liberal economist, technocrat and former deputy prime minister, who was in charge of economic affairs.

## Career

Raad taught courses at Damascus University. He also headed Syria's Free Zones Authority. He was appointed as deputy prime minister in charge of economic affairs to the cabinet led by Prime Minister Muhammad Mustafa Mero on 13 March 2000, replacing Salim Said Yasin, who had been in office since 1985. Raad's tenure ended on 13 December 2001 and he was replaced by Mohammad Al Hussein as deputy premier.
# Ilse Hollweg

Ilse Hollweg (23 February 1922 – 9 February 1990) was a German operatic coloratura soprano. A member of the Deutsche Oper am Rhein, she appeared at major European opera houses and festivals including the Bayreuth Festival and the Glyndebourne Festival.

## Career

Born in Solingen, Hollweg studied voice at the Musikhochschule Köln with Gertrude Förstel. She sang the solo in Ein deutsches Requiem by Brahms already in 1939. She made her debut in 1943 at the Theater Saarbrücken as Blonde in Mozart's Die Entführung aus dem Serail. In 1946 she became first coloratura soprano at the Deutsche Oper am Rhein where she was a member until 1970. In 1951 she took part in the premiere there of Winfried Zillig's Troilus und Cressida.
In 1950 she appeared as Konstanze in Mozart's Entführung at the Glyndebourne Festival. That same year, she performed Zerbinetta in Ariadne auf Naxos by Richard Strauss there, repeated in 1954. She also appeared at the Salzburg Festival and the Bayreuth Festival, where she performed the part of the Forest Bird in Wagner's Siegfried. In Lieder recitals, she collaborated with Sebastian Peschko. In 1964 she took part in the premiere at the Hamburgische Staatsoper of Ernst Krenek's Der goldene Bock. She appeared at major German opera houses, at La Scala, Covent Garden, and the Vienna State Opera, among others.
Hollweg taught voice at the Alanus University of Arts and Social Sciences. She died in Solingen.

## Recordings

In 1956, Hollweg recorded Mozart's Entführung with Sir Thomas Beecham conducting the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra, alongside Lois Marshall as Konstanze, Léopold Simoneau as Belmonte, Gerhard Unger as Pedrillo and Gottlob Frick as Osmin. She and Unger were the only soloists who also performed the spoken dialogue. A reviewer noted: "Her security up high and purity of tone in 'Durch Zärtlichkeit' is awe-inspiring, as is her overall range. On the other end of the emotional scale lies her Act 2 'Welche Wonne', negotiated with enviable ease by Hollweg."
She recorded in 1965 Luigi Nono's Il canto sospeso with the Royal Concertgebouw Orchestra, conducted by Pierre Boulez.
# Kelly Robson

Kelly Robson (born July 17, 1967 in Edmonton, Alberta) is a Canadian science fiction, fantasy and horror writer. She has won the 2018 Nebula Award for Best Novelette for her novelette "A Human Stain" published at Tor.com. She has also been nominated for the Nebula Award for Best Novella in 2016 for "Waters of Versailles" and in 2019 for "Gods, Monsters and the Lucky Peach", both published at Tor.com; "Waters of Versailles" also received the 2016 Aurora Award for best Canadian short fiction.

## Personal life

Robson is married to fellow Canadian science fiction writer A. M. Dellamonica, and lives in Toronto. She and Dellamonica married twice: unofficially in 1989, and again in 2003 after same-sex marriage was legalized in Ontario.
# Linha da Matinha

* Location on the network
* + Sta Apolónia × Matinha (🔎)
vteLinha da Matinha :
Legend :
Linha da Matinha is a freight railway line in Portugal which connects the railway station of Santa Apolónia, on the Linha do Norte, to the Port of Lisbon in Matinha.
The current alignment has been established since the late-1990s when the segment between Cais da Matinha and Sacavém via the former intermodal station at the Cabo Ruivo Seaplane Base was removed as part of the redevelopment of the Parque das Nações riverfront in preparation for Expo '98. The intermodal station at Cabo Ruivo Seaplane Base was until the latter's closure in the late-1950s used for the conveyance of cargo loaded and unloaded from seaplanes as well as serving as a major intercontinental passenger gateway and escape route for refugees fleeing the devastation of their homelands during World War II.
# Constantine Ducas (Moldavian ruler)

Constantine Ducas (Greek: Κωνσταντίνος Δούκας, Kōnstantínos Doúkas; Romanian: Constantin Duca; ? – 1704) son of George Ducas, was a Voivode (Prince) of Moldavia between April 1693 and December 18, 1695 and September 12, 1700 – July 26, 1703.

## Life

Although backed to the throne by his father-in-law, Prince Constantin Brâncoveanu of Wallachia, Constantine Ducas had indebted himself to Constantinople creditors. This made him raise taxes and reintroduce the văcărit (the confiscation of every tenth head of cattle).
He sealed matrimonial alliances with the Costineşti boyar family (to which Miron Costin belonged) and persecuted the Cantemirs, the family of his predecessor Constantin.
After delaying payments of the tribute and ordering the killing of the inspecting kapucu, Ducas was deposed by the Ottoman overlord.
He came to the throne for a second time, after Brâncoveanu had obtained the removal of their common rival Antioh Cantemir. Yet again reacting against the Cantemireşti (who fled the country), doubling taxes and enforcing the văcărit, Ducas only fell into disgrace after his relations with Brâncoveanu soured.

## Ancestry

| Preceded byDimitrie Cantemir | Prince/Voivode of Moldavia 1693–1695 | Succeeded byAntioh Cantemir |
| Preceded byAntioh Cantemir | Prince/Voivode of Moldavia 1700–1703 | Succeeded byChancellor Ioan Buhuş |
# Nerul railway station

Nerul is a railway station on the Harbour Line of the Mumbai Suburban Railway network. Around 100,000 people travel from Nerul towards Mumbai CST daily, and around 50,000 people travel in the Panvel direction every day. Nerul station has become a terminus point for Uran trains. Nerul is a terminal station for some trains going towards Thane.
It has 6 platforms. PF 1 is for trains going to Panvel or Terminating here. PF 2 is for trains going to Thane via Nerul. PF 3 is for trains Going towards Panvel. PF 4 is for trains Going towards CSMT/Goregaon. PF 5&6 are for Trains going to Uran.
# Bartolomeo Gastaldi

Bartolomeo Gastaldi (10 February 1818 – 5 January 1879) was an Italian geologist and palæontologist, and one of the founders of the Club Alpino Italiano.
Gastaldi was born in Turin, then capital of the Kingdom of Sardinia. As a child he developed a passion for fossils; the finds he made during excursions in the areas around Turin and Asti were to form the basis for his extensive collection of fossils and geological specimens. Under pressure from his father he studied law at the University of Turin, Faculty of Law; after graduating in 1839 he entered the legal profession.
On the death of his father in 1843 he abandoned his legal work and devoted his energies to geology and palaeontology, making field trips in various parts of Italy and in Spain. He spent the years 1849–52 in Paris taking courses at the Ecole des Mines, the Jardin des Plantes, the Collège de France and the Sorbonne. A particular interest was glaciology. Also at this time he first met Quintino Sella with whom he was to form a lasting friendship.
He became professor of mineralogy and geology at the University of Turin.
On 23 October 1863, together with Quintino Sella and others, he founded the Club Alpino Italiano, the first and largest Italian Alpine Club, becoming its first vice-president. The following year he was appointed as its second president, an office he held until 1872.
In 1870, he was made a member of the Accademia nazionale delle scienze.
Bartolomeo Gastaldi died in Turin in 1879.

## Recognitions

The mineral gastaldite, a type of glaucophane, is named after him; so too are the Rifugio Bartolomeo Gastaldi (a mountain hut in the Graian Alps), the mountain called Cresta Gastaldi in the Gran Paradiso group, and the Punta Gastaldi, a peak near Monviso.
# Mavai

Mavai (Persian: ماواي) may refer to:

## Places in Iran

* Mavai-ye Olya
* Mavai-ye Sofla (disambiguation)
* Mavai-ye Vasat

## People

* Mavai Senathirajah (1942–2025), Sri Lankan politician
* Rakesh Mavai, Indian politician
# Rustam Jamali

Mir Rustam Jamali (1963–2009) was the Excise and Taxation Minister of Balochistan, Pakistan, assassinated in August 2009.
# Piia Pantsu

Piia Pantsu (born March 29, 1971, in Varkaus, Finland) is a Finnish equestrian rider. She competes in three-day eventing and in show jumping competitions. She is married to Fredrik Jönsson who was the son of her trainer, Jan Jönsson.
She competed in the individual eventing at the 2000 Summer Olympics. She would have also been at Athens but an injury to her horse prevented it.

## Horses

* Cyna (born 1983, died 2007)
* Ypäjä Karuso (born 1993)
* Ypäjä Uppercut (born 1989)
* Oazis (born 1996)
* Ypäjä Kolombia (born 1998)

## Achievements & Competitions

(eventing championships)
| Competition | Place | Year | Horse | Rank |
| World Championship | The Hague | 1994 | Cyna | 5. |
| European Championship | Rome | 1995 | Cyna | 4. |
| European Championship | Burghley | 1997 | Cyna | stopped in second event |
| World Championship | Rooma | 1998 | Uppercut | 9. |
| European Championship | Luhmühlen | 1999 | Uppercut | 4. |
| Olympics | Sydney | 2000 | Uppercut | disqualification in second event |
| European Championship | Pau | 2001 | Ypäjä Karuso | 17. |
| World Championship | Jerez | 2002 | Ypäjä Karuso | 3. |
| Badminton Horse Trials | Gloucestershire, England | 2003 | Ypäjä Karuso | 2. |
| European Championship | Blenheim | 2005 | Ypäjä Karuso | 6. |
| World Cup Final | Malmö | 2005 | Ypäjä Karuso | 3. |
| World Championship | Aachen | 2006 | Ypäjä Karuso | stopped in second event |
| Finland Championship | Kerava, Finland | 2007 | Ypäjä Karuso | 1. |
# Canebreak Branch

Canebreak Branch is a 1.35 mi (2.17 km) long 1st order tributary to Lanes Creek in Anson County, North Carolina. This is the only stream of this name in the United States.

## Course

Canebreak Branch rises about 0.5 miles southwest of Kikers, North Carolina. Canebreak Branch then flows southeast to meet Lanes about 2 miles north of Griffins Crossroads.

## Watershed

Canebreak Branch drains 1.19 square miles (3.1 km$^2$) of area, receives about 48.0 in/year of precipitation, has a topographic wetness index of 390.95 and is about 60% forested.
# Chelik Rural District

Chelik Rural District (Persian: دهستان چلیک) is in Lalaklu District of Miandoab County, West Azerbaijan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Chelik, whose population at the time of the 2016 National Census was 1,765 people in 534 households.
In 2024, Marhemetabad-e Jonubi Rural District was separated from the Central District in the formation of Lalaklu District, and Chelik Rural District was created in the new district.
# 1999 Indonesian presidential election

From 20 to 21 October 1999, the People's Consultative Assembly (MPR), the legislative branch of Indonesia, met to elect both the president and vice president of the country for the 1999–2004 term. The incumbent president, B. J. Habibie, declined to stand for election. On 20 October, Abdurrahman Wahid, chairman of the Nahdlatul Ulama, was elected president and inaugurated on the same day. Wahid's opponent, Megawati Sukarnoputri was subsequently elected vice president the next day. The elections represented the first relatively democratic and peaceful transfer of power in the history of Indonesia.

## Background

In October, the People's Consultative Assembly made up of the People's Representative Council and 200 nominated members from the military and selected civilians, a total of 700, met to elect the president and vice president.
There were initially four candidates for the presidency; Abdurrahman Wahid, B. J. Habibie, Megawati Sukarnoputri, and Yusril Ihza Mahendra. However, Habibie refused the nomination from Golkar after his accountability speech was rejected by the MPR the day before election, while Yusril withdrew his candidacy on election day.

## Election day

On 20 October, PKB chairman Abdurrahman Wahid was elected, beating Megawati Sukarnoputri by 373 votes to 313, although her party (PDI-P) won the most votes in the legislative election and had one-third of the parliamentary seats. This triggered riots among Megawati's supporters. The following day, Megawati was nominated by Gus Dur's party (PKB) as vice president and got elected, beating Hamzah Haz from the PPP by 396 votes to 284. This ended the street protests.
This was the first and only democratically indirect presidential election in Indonesia and the first presidential election that did not feature a candidate from the ruling party (Golkar).

## Results
### President

| Candidate | Candidate | Party | Votes | % |
| | Abdurrahman Wahid | National Awakening Party | 373 | 54.37 |
| | Megawati Sukarnoputri | Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle | 313 | 45.63 |
| Total | Total | Total | 686 | 100.00 |
| Valid votes | Valid votes | Valid votes | 686 | 99.28 |
| Invalid/blank votes | Invalid/blank votes | Invalid/blank votes | 5 | 0.72 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 691 | 100.00 |
| Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | 700 | 98.71 |

### Vice president

| Candidate | Candidate | Party | Votes | % |
| | Megawati Sukarnoputri | Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle | 396 | 58.24 |
| | Hamzah Haz | United Development Party | 284 | 41.76 |
| Total | Total | Total | 680 | 100.00 |
| Valid votes | Valid votes | Valid votes | 680 | 99.27 |
| Invalid/blank votes | Invalid/blank votes | Invalid/blank votes | 5 | 0.73 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 685 | 100.00 |
| Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | 700 | 97.86 |
# Soniya Nityanand

Soniya Nityanand (born 6 September 1962) is an Indian immunologist specialising in hematology. She did her graduation and post graduation both from King George's Medical College, Lucknow. She later went on to pursue her PhD in Immunology from Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden in 1996.
In January 2025, She was honored with the Padma Shri, India's fourth-highest civilian award, by the Government of India.

## Career

In the initial phase of her career, Nityanand worked as an Assistant Professor in medicine in KGMC, Lucknow where she served from October 1991 to November, 1993. After that, she has been a faculty member at SGPGIMS from Nov 1993, initially in the Dept of Immunology and recently in the Dept of Hematology.
She has also been a visiting fellow in immunology and hematology at Karolinska Institute, Stockholm in the year 1991–1992.
In 2021, she was appointed as director of Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Institute of Medical Sciences.

## Awards

Nityanand is a recipient of several awards:
* Department of Biotechnology National Bioscience Award for Career Development for 2003–04.
* Indian National Science Academy Young Scientist Award for 1990.
* Dr JC Patel and BC Mehta award of the Association of Physicians of India for 2000.
* Dr NN Gupta Gold Medal
* Chancellor's Medal for the best Medical Student.
* 2025: Padma Shri
# 1968 Indonesian presidential election

On 27 March 1968, the Provisional People's Consultative Assembly (MPRS), the legislative branch of Indonesia, met to elect the president of the country for the 1968–1973 term. It was the third presidential election in Indonesia after the 1945 and 1963 elections. Suharto was officially elected president on 27 March 1968 for a five-year term after previously holding the position of acting president since 1967, when Sukarno was officially impeached and removed by the MPRS. Suharto was officially sworn in on the same day, marking the formal beginning of his first five-year term as president.

## Background

This presidential election was held because Sukarno was impeached and removed by the Provisional People's Consultative Assembly (MPRS) in 1967. Cabinet changes had been very frequent since the G30S/PKI incident, but Sukarno's presidential mandate was finally revoked in 1967 due to the people's demands (TRITURA, Three People's Demands). He was replaced by Suharto, who became acting president to secure the condition of Indonesia after the G30S/PKI incident. Sukarno was under house arrest until the end of his life.

## Results
### President

| Candidate | Candidate | Party | Votes | % |
| | Suharto | Golkar | 616 | 100.00 |
| Total | Total | Total | 616 | 100.00 |
| Valid votes | Valid votes | Valid votes | 616 | 100.00 |
| Invalid/blank votes | Invalid/blank votes | Invalid/blank votes | 0 | 0.00 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 616 | 100.00 |
| Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | 616 | 100.00 |
# Chicamacomico River

The Chicamacomico River is a 16.3-mile-long (26.2 km) river in southern Maryland in the United States. It starts in northern Dorchester County and flows to the southwest ending within the Blackwater National Wildlife Refuge, approximately 152 feet (46 m) wide at its mouth on the east bank of the Transquaking River, near the Chesapeake Bay to the west. The Chicamacomico River has a watershed area of about 51.6 square miles (134 km$^2$).
# Huvi Tuiskunen

Huvi Hjalmar Tuiskunen (22 July 1872 – 31 March 1930) was a Finnish sport shooter who competed at the 1908 and 1912 Summer Olympics and won a Finnish championship in 1907.

## Shooting

Huvi Tuiskunen at the Olympic Games :
| Games | Event | Rank | Notes |
| 1908 Summer Olympics | 300 metre free rifle, three positions | 37th | Source: |
| 1908 Summer Olympics | Team free rifle | 8th | Source: |
| 1912 Summer Olympics | 100 meter running deer, single shots | 21st | |
| 1912 Summer Olympics | 300 metre free rifle, three positions | 39th | |
| 1912 Summer Olympics | Team free rifle | 5th | |
He received the first Finnish national championship gold in shooting when he won the 300 metre free rifle event in 1907.
He represented the club Suomen Metsästysyhdistys.
He was at the constituting meeting of the Finnish Shooting Sport Federation.

## Personal

He was born in Luhtikylä, Orimattila. He moved to a farm in Helsinki in 1898. He moved to open a sports utility shop in Lahti in 1922.
He maintained a link to his family by having a summer villa drawn by Lars Sonck built in Luhtikylä.
He was killed by an accidental discharge of a pistol he was about to clean. He was survived by a wife, a son, and an adopted daughter.
He is buried in the Mustankallio cemetery in Lahti.
He is related to shooters Matti Nummela and Helena Juppala.

## Sources

* Huvi Tuiskunen at Olympedia (archive)
* Siukonen, Markku (2001). Urheilukunniamme puolustajat. Suomen olympiaedustajat 1906–2000. Suuri olympiateos (in Finnish). Jyväskylä: Graface. p. 341. ISBN 951-98673-1-7.
# Linha do Oeste

* Location on the network
* + Cacém × Fig. Foz (🔎)
vteLinha do Oeste :
Legend :
vteCommuter rail and ferry services in the Lisbon metropolitan area :
Legend :
CP Urban Services, Transtejo & Soflusa, Fertagus :
Linha do Oeste (Western Line) is a railway line serving the central western coast of Portugal belonging to Infraestruturas de Portugal network. The line was opened in 1887.
Passenger services are operated by CP. The line is used also by freight trains from CP; the new private freight operator Takargo also plans services using this line.