OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ball and chain (disambiguation)

A ball and chain is a type of restraint device.
Ball and chain may also refer to:

## Film and television

* Ball & Chain, a 2004 American film directed by Shiraz Jafri
* "Ball and Chain" (Haven), a television episode

## Songs

* "Ball and Chain" (Big Mama Thornton song), 1968; covered by Janis Joplin
* "Ball and Chain" (Elton John song), 1982
* "Ball and Chain" (Paul Overstreet song), 1991
* "Ball and Chain" (Social Distortion song), 1990
* "Ball and Chain" (The Who song), 2019
* "Ball and Chain" (XTC song), 1982
* "Make This Love Right" or "The Ball and Chain", by Romanthony, 1991
* "Ball and Chain", by Aldo Nova from Aldo Nova, 1982
* "Ball and Chain", by Anouk from Who's Your Momma, 2007
* "Ball and Chain", by Anthony Hamilton from Soulife, 2005
* "Ball and Chain", by Barclay James Harvest from "Once Again", 1971
* "Ball and Chain", by Live from The Death of a Dictionary, 1989
* "Ball & Chain", by Martha Wainwright from Martha Wainwright, 2005
* "Ball & Chain", by Murder by Death from Red of Tooth and Claw, 2008
* "Ball and Chain", a song from the television series Nashville, 2013
* "Ball and Chain", by Poison from Flesh and Blood, 1990
* "Ball and Chain", by Razor from Armed & Dangerous, 1984
* "Ball and Chain", by Sublime from 40oz. to Freedom, 1992
* "Ball and Chain", by Thunder from Behind Closed Doors, 1995
* "Ball and Chain", by Tommy James, 1970
* "Ball & Chain", by Van Morrison from Too Long in Exile, 1993
* "Ball and Chain", by Yelawolf from Love Story, 2015

## Other uses

* Ball-and-chain flail, a European weapon consisting of a wooden haft connected by a chain, rope, or leather to one or more striking ends
* Ball and chain inactivation, a model to explain the fast inactivation mechanism of voltage-gated ion channels
# Helen Meier

Helen Meier (17 April 1929 – 13 February 2021) was a Swiss writer.

## Biography

Meier attended a Lehrerseminar [de] in Rorschach and subsequently became a primary schoolteacher. After working in England, France, and Italy, she attended the University of Fribourg, subsequently working for the Swiss Red Cross and as a special education teacher in Heiden. She was discovered at the Festival of German-Language Literature, where she received a prize for her story, Lichtempfindlich.
Helen Meier died in Trogen on 13 February 2021 at the age of 91.

## Awards

* Ernst-Willner-Preis [de] (1984)
* Rauris Literature Prize (1985)
* Prize of the Schweizerische Schillerstiftung [de] (1985)
* Prize of the Schweizerische Schillerstiftung (2000)
* Contribution to Pro Helvetia (2000)
* Droste-Preis (2000)
* Kulturpreis des Kantons St. Gallen (2001)
* Kulturpreis des Kantons Appenzell Ausserrhoden (2017)

## Works

* Trockenwiese (1984)
* Das einzige Objekt in Farbe (1985)
* Das Haus am See (1987)
* Das Gelächter (1989)
* Lebenleben (1989)
* Der Thurgau und seine Menschen (1990)
* Die Suche nach dem Paradies. 36 Photographien aus dem Appenzellerland (1991)
* Nachtbuch (1992)
* Die Thur. Von der Quelle bis zur Mündung (1992)
* Die Novizin (1995)
* Letzte Warnung (1996)
* Liebe Stimme (2000)
* Adieu, Herr Landammann! Sieben Begegnungen mit Jacob Zellweger-Zuberbühler (2001)
* Schlafwandel. Eine Erzählung (2006)
* Kleine Beweise der Freundschaft (2014)
* Die Agonie des Schmetterlings. Böse Geschichten (2015)
* Übung im Torkeln entlang des Falls. Ein Lesebuch (2017)
* Der weisse Vogel, der Hut und die Prinzessin. 23 Märchen (2019)
# Dennis Gile

Dennis Gile (born February 17, 1981) is an American former professional football quarterback who played for the Saskatchewan Roughriders of the Canadian Football League (CFL) and the Arizona Rattlers of the Arena Football League (AFL). He played college football at Central Missouri State University. He was also a member of the Green Bay Blizzard, Utah Blaze, Bakersfield Blitz, Odessa Roughnecks and Kansas City Renegades. Gile has worked as a quarterbacks coach after his playing career.

## Early life

Dennis is a native of Arizona where he was a first-team All-Arizona quarterback for Cortez High School in Phoenix, Arizona.

## College career

Gile was a two-year starter for the Central Missouri Mules from 2001 to 2002, passing for 4,741 yards and 40 touchdowns. He also rushed for 285 yards and three touchdowns.

## Professional career

After his college career, Gile had a tryout with the New England Patriots but was not signed. He played for the Green Bay Blizzard of the af2 in 2004. Gile was released by the Blizzard on May 6, 2004. He played for the Saskatchewan Roughriders of the Canadian Football League from 2004 to 2005. He signed with the Arizona Rattlers of the Arena Football League (AFL) on January 9, 2006. He was signed by the AFL's Utah Blaze on April 5, 2006. Gile was released by the Blaze on April 10, 2006. He played for the Bakersfield Blitz of the af2 in 2007. He played for the Odessa Roughnecks from 2008 to 2009. He threw for 2,027 yards and 41 touchdowns while also recording six rushing touchdowns in 2008. He also led the Roughnecks to a 7–7 regular season record and a playoff victory over the Frisco Thunder. Gile was named to the 2008 IFL All-Star Team. He played for the Kansas City Renegades in 2013.

## Dennis Gile Quarterback Academy

In 2007, Gile established the "Dennis Gile Quarterback Academy", which is based out of Scottsdale, Arizona.
# 14th Northwest Territories Legislative Assembly

The 14th Northwest Territories Legislative Assembly was the 22nd assembly of the territorial government. This assembly lasted from 1999 until its dissolution in 2003. This was the first assembly in the new Northwest Territories that was split in half to create Nunavut. As a result of division membership dropped from 24 to 19 seats with the political map being radically altered.
# Songs I Heard

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | link |
Songs I Heard (2001) is an album by Harry Connick Jr. covering songs from movies he watched as a child. The album features songs from Annie, The Sound of Music, Willy Wonka & the Chocolate Factory, Mary Poppins, and The Wizard of Oz. The album is arranged, orchestrated and conducted by Harry Connick Jr.
Winner of the 2002 Grammy Award for Best Traditional Pop Vocal Album, Songs I Heard was released on the same date as his album 30.

## Background

Harry Connick, Jr. transforms songs from classic childhood films into big band songs. He called the album "a fun record, but it's definitely for adults."
In a 2003 interview, Connick compared getting children to appreciate music with getting them to appreciate broccoli. "If you give a kid fast food every day, that's all they'll be open to," said Connick. "If you give them broccoli, they may not like it, but they'll know it is out there and be open to it. You have to expose kids to music – jazz, classical music, rock and roll – and they'll be open."

## Musicians

* Harry Connick, Jr. – vocals, piano

## Awards

* 2001 Grammy Award winner – Best Traditional Pop Vocal Album
** Harry Connick Jr. (artist)
** Gregg Rubin (engineer)
** Tracey Freeman (producer)

## Charts

| Chart (2001) | Peak position |
| US Billboard 200 | 88 |
| US Billboard Top Jazz Albums | 2 |
# Eitermillen

Éitermillen (French: Oetrange-Moulin), is a settlement and lieu-dit centred around a former mill near Moutfort in the Commune of Contern in Luxembourg. It is located on the E29 main road. Éitermillen is elevated 265 metres above sea level and is in post code area L-5331.

## History

Éitermillen as a settlement dates back to the 19th century. Oetrange-Moulin is listed in the 1890 census as a locality having a population of 8. Eitermillen was later mentioned in a decree in 1894 allowing for the path between Éitermillen and Kackerterhaff to see maintenance at the cost of 200 Luxembourgish Francs. An alternative name, "Moulin Diederich" is found on various maps from 1905 to 1939.
In 1897 a building was constructed on Route de Remich which is now central to Éitermillen. It was converted in 1969 to the restaurant "Hostellerie La Cheminée". In 1974 a traffic collision destroyed the chimney attached to the building. The restaurant would later become "Ma Langue Sourit", a 2 Michelin star restaurant.

## Geography

Éitermillen is located in the commune of Contern, in the Canton of Luxembourg. The settlement is grouped into both the cadastral section and locality of Oetrange. Centred on road N2, a part of European route E29, Éitermillen lies in the valley of the Kackeschbaach.
vtePlaces adjacent to Eitermillen :
Kréintgeshaff
Schrassig
Oetrange
Éitermillen
Kackerterhaff
Moutfort :
# Prakash Naik

Prakash Naik (born 7 March 1975) is an Indian politician from Chhattisgarh. Naik was elected as the MLA from Raigarh constituency of the Chhattisgarh assembly in 2018 elections. He represents the Raigarh constituency in the Chhattisgarh Legislative Assembly. He contested from Congress party.

## Early life

Prakash Naik is a son of former Congress MLA and former minister Dr. Shakajeet Nayak on 7 March 1975 in a politicians family who lived in Nawapali, a village in Raigarh district of Madhya Pradesh (present-day Chhattisgarh). His father Dr. Shakrajeet Naik is a former minister and political leader in Raigarh Constituency.

## Educational background

Raigarh, Madhya Pradesh (present-day Chhattisgarh).
# Dover transmitting station

The Dover transmitting station is a facility for broadcasting and telecommunications, located at West Hougham, near Dover, Kent (grid reference TR274397). It came into full operation on 31 January 1960. It has a 243.2 metres (798 ft) high guyed steel lattice mast of triangular cross section. The station is owned by Arqiva. The recommended UHF aerial group is C/D with horizontal polarisation.
There is also a relay transmitter located in the town of Dover (Dover Town); in addition FM radio services are covered by the Swingate transmitting station.
It broadcasts television and radio services to south and east Kent. This includes the city of Canterbury and towns such as Dover, Deal, St Margaret's at Cliffe, Margate, Ramsgate, Westgate-on-Sea, Broadstairs, Sandwich, Folkestone, Hythe, Hawkinge, New Romney, Dymchurch, Romney Marsh, Lydd, Ashford, Tenterden, Herne Bay, Whitstable and Faversham.
Along with Heathfield and Bluebell Hill, Dover transmits regional television services from BBC One South East and ITV Meridian (South East).

## Analogue radio (FM VHF)

| Frequency | kW | Service |
| 97.0 MHz | 0.5 | Heart South |
| 101.8 MHz | 1 (H) 4.2 (V) | Classic FM |

## Digital radio (DAB)

| Frequency | Block | kW | Operator |
| 222.064 MHz | 11D | 1 | Digital One |
| 225.648 MHz | 12B | 1 | BBC National DAB |

## Analogue television

Analogue television transmissions have now ceased. BBC Two was closed on 13 June 2012, with BBC One being temporarily moved into its place, followed by the remaining three services on 27 June. Channel 5 was never provided for from Dover because of likely interference from continental transmitters.
| Frequency | UHF | kW | Service |
| 703.25 MHz | 50 | 100 | BBC1 South East |
| 727.25 MHz | 53 | 100 | Channel 4 |
| 751.25 MHz | 56 | 100 | BBC2 South East |
| 831.25 MHz | 66 | 100 | Meridian |
# São Paulo Madrid

São Paulo Madrid was a professional football club from Madrid, Spain. The club was founded as Santangelo C.A., but due to a partnership with São Paulo of Brazil, on March 8, 2003, the club played their first game with the Brazilian football club jerseys against U.D. Hortaleza at El Pardo. The match ended in a 3-1 victory to the opposition. By then, Santangelo had 10 years and 2 titles under their belt. On July 1, 2003, the club was officially renamed to its current name, São Paulo Madrid. The club folded on June 30, 2008.

## Season to season

| Season | Tier | Division | Place |
| 2004–05 | 8 | 3ª Reg. | 9th |
| 2005–06 | 8 | 3ª Reg. | 13th |
| 2006–07 | 8 | 3ª Reg. | 5th |
| 2007–08 | 8 | 3ª Reg. | 13th |
* 13 seasons in Tercera División
# Liberal Party (Japan, 1945)

The Japan Liberal Party (日本自由党, Nihon Jiyūtō) was a political party in Japan.

## History

The Japan Liberal Party was founded on November 9, 1945, mainly by former members of Seiyukai Party, with Ichirō Hatoyama being its first leader. From 1946-1954 the next party leader Shigeru Yoshida served as Prime Minister.
In 1948 the Japan Liberal Party merged with Kijūrō Shidehara's Dōshi Club (民主クラブ), and a faction of the Democratic Party led by Saitō Takao, to form the Democratic Liberal Party (民主自由党, Minshu Jiyūtō).

## Leaders

| No. | Name | Portrait | Term of office | Term of office |
| No. | Name | Portrait | Took office | Left office |
| 1 | Ichirō Hatoyama | | 9 November 1945 | 18 August 1946 |
| 2 | Shigeru Yoshida | | 18 August 1946 | 15 March 1948 |

## Election results
### House of Representatives

| Election | Leader | Votes | % | Seats | +/- | Position | Status |
| 1946 | Ichirō Hatoyama | 13,505,746 | 24.36 | 141 / 468 | new | 1st | Government |
| 1947 | Shigeru Yoshida | 7,312,524 | 26.73 | 131 / 468 | 9 | 2nd | Opposition |

### House of Councillors

| Election | Leader | Constituency | Constituency | Constituency | Party list | Party list | Party list | Seats | Position | Status |
| Election | Leader | Votes | % | Seats | Votes | % | Seats | Seats | Position | Status |
| 1947 | Ichirō Hatoyama | 3,769,704 | 17.10 | 30 / 150 | 1,360,456 | 6.40 | 8 / 100 | 38 / 250 | 2nd | Governing coalition |
# Sergio Cragnotti

Sergio Cragnotti (Italian pronunciation:; born 9 January 1940, in Rome, Italy) is an Italian entrepreneur and sports executive.
One of the most high-profile and wealthy business figures in Italy in recent times, Cragnotti is best known for having been president of Lazio. However, his most influential position was as head of food conglomerate Cirio. This company included all Cirio food brands, as well as those of the acquired Del Monte Foods International from the late 1990s. In 1992, Cragnotti bought football team Lazio from previous owner Calleri. In December 1993, the Ontario Securities Commission fined him for insider trading. The Cragnotti family owned 80% of the Cirio group, which in turn owned a 51% stake in the Roman club. In 2002, the Cirio company declared default on its bonds. The default cost about 1.125 million euros to a plethora of small investors, most of them Italian.
Cragnotti presided over perhaps the most successful period in Lazio's recent history, ploughing in record amounts of money which attracted notable athletes such as Pavel Nedvěd, Christian Vieri and Marcelo Salas. His successes included winning both Serie A, along with the final European Cup Winners' Cup, both under the guidance of close friend Sven-Göran Eriksson.
In November 2006, he published his autobiography, titled Un calcio al cuore, co-written with Fabrizio Pennacchia.
# Plaza del Sol (Gresham, Oregon)

Plaza del Sol is a plaza located at Southeast Stark Street and 187th Avenue in Gresham, Oregon's Rockwood neighborhood, in the United States. It features an art installation and model of the solar system, created in 2009. The site was formerly occupied by a Fred Meyer store, and purchased by the city in 2005.

## Events

In 2013, the plaza hosted a Cinco de Mayo festival and the Feast of All Nations. The plaza has hosted Rock the Block, which attracted thousands of people in 2015.
# Clausinella fasciata

Clausinella fasciata, the banded venus, is a marine bivalve mollusc in the family Veneridae.

## Fossil record

Fossils of Clausinella fasciata are found in marine strata from the Miocene until the Quaternary (age range: from 20.43 to 0.012 million years ago). Fossils are known from various localities in Cyprus, Italy, Germany, United Kingdom, Morocco and Spain.

## Description

This species has a solid, flat, sub-triangular shell which grows to 2.5 centimetres (0.98 in) in length. Surface colour is variable; red, pink, purple, yellow or brown with radiating bands and colourful streaks. It may have up to fifteen broad concentric ridges on older specimens. The interior is dull white.

## Distribution and habitat

The banded venus has a recorded distribution and common around all coasts of the British Isles. It is found in coarse gravel, typically containing sand or shell fragments, down to depths of as much as 100 metres (330 ft).
# 2nd Northwest Territories Legislative Council

The 2nd Northwest Territories Legislative Council was the 9th assembly of the territorial government, lasting from the election of 1954 until dissolution in 1957. A total of four elected members and five appointed members comprised this council.

## Radio broadcasts

John Parker made national news, bringing the attention of the council to radio broadcasts from Radio Moscow that were being received with greater clarity in most of the Northwest Territories than broadcasts from the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Parker emphasized the danger of northern residents falling victim to the communist propaganda, as most of the Inuit did not yet identify Canada as a nation, and other northern residents being susceptible with the limited media coverage that was available in the north at the time.

## Reforms

Commissioner Robert Gordon Robertson, who had been recently appointed in the last session, made two critical reforms to the way council operated in this session that had lasting implications. The first reform was introduced at the first session held in the Elks Hall at Yellowknife. The amendment to the Rules in Council permitted members of Council to make a reply to the speech from the throne.
The second reform had to do with the Commissioner's lack of Executive Council. Robertson started putting out references for advice to council members to help guide him on critical issues of the day facing the territories. He wanted an Executive Council to advise him as the Lieutenant Governors had prior to 1897 had, and this method was the closest he could to achieve that.

## Legislation

The first Legislative Session took place in the basement of the Elks Hall in Yellowknife in the spring of 1954. A total of nine bills were passed, mostly amendments to existing legislation. The second session held in Ottawa saw a total of seventeen bills passed.
The biggest issue dealt with during this session was the question relating to sales of liquor for Indians and Inuit which had been prohibited under a Northwest Territories law dating back to the Temporary North-West Council. The prohibition meant that bootlegging was commonplace, as was consumption of alternate forms of alcohol such as shoe polish, antifreeze and vanilla extract, resulting in needless deaths and endemic social issues. After debate the council agreed to change the regulations to allow liquor privileges to be the same for everyone. The federal government, however, disagreed and vetoed the changes.
# Daddy Stovepipe

Johnny Watson (April 12, 1867 – November 1, 1963), known as Daddy Stovepipe, was an American blues singer, guitarist and harmonica player, best known for his recordings. Watson also recorded as Jimmy Watson, Sunny Jim and Rev. Alfred Pitts. He may have been the earliest-born blues performer to record.
Many of his recordings were jug band duets with his wife, Sarah Watson, who was usually credited as Mississippi Sarah.

## Life

Watson was born in Mobile, Alabama. His career began before 1900 in Mexico as a twelve-string guitarist in early mariachi bands. He then established himself as an entertainer with the Rabbit's Foot Minstrels touring around the southern states.
By the 1920s, he was working as a one-man band on Maxwell Street in Chicago, where he acquired the name "Daddy Stovepipe" from the characteristic top hat he wore. He first recorded in 1924, in Richmond, Indiana, recording "Sundown Blues" which is regarded as one of the most primitive blues on record. In 1927 he made more recordings, this time in Birmingham, Alabama for Gennett Records, as one half of the duo "Sunny Jim and Whistlin' Joe".
He made more recordings back in Chicago in 1931 for the Vocalion label with his wife, "Mississippi Sarah", a singer and jug player. The couple's humorous banter made their recordings unique. They recorded together again in 1935 for Bluebird Records, by which time they were living in Greenville, Mississippi, but Sarah's death in 1937 sent her husband back out on the road. He then worked for a while around Texas, playing in cajun bands and, again, with Mexican mariachi bands.
By 1948 he had returned to work as a street musician in Chicago, and was recorded in 1960, aged 93, with his repertoire having widened to include traditional popular music tunes such as "The Tennessee Waltz". He died in Chicago in 1963, from bronchial pneumonia after a gall bladder operation, aged 96.
On May 5, 2012, the fifth annual White Lake Blues Festival took place at the Howmet Playhouse Theater in Whitehall, Michigan. The event was organized by Steve Salter of the nonprofit organization Killer Blues to raise monies to honor Watson's unmarked grave with a headstone. The concert was a success, and a headstone was placed in July 2012.
# Vasco da Gama (politician)

Vasco Manuel Da Gama (born 29 January 1959) is a South African politician with the Democratic Alliance and a member of the Johannesburg City Council. He most recently served as the Johannesburg council speaker until 31 August 2022 when a motion of no confidence was settled with 136 votes for the motion and 132 against it, resulting in Da Gama’s ouster.

## Early life and education

Da Gama, named after Vasco da Gama, was born in Louis Trichardt, Transvaal (now Limpopo) in 1959. In 1969, his family was forcibly removed from their homes as part of the government's apartheid policy, which led to Da Gama to study at a Coloured-only school.

## Career

In 2011, he ran as a DA mayoral candidate for Johannesburg before a panel of 30 people, including party leader and Premier of the Western Cape Helen Zille, but was defeated by Mmusi Maimane. Following Maimane's departure to the National Assembly in 2014, Da Gama was appointed leader of the DA's caucus, a position he had previously held.
In August 2016, Da Gama was elected council speaker. He was removed as speaker in December 2019 and replaced with the ANC's Nonceba Molwele. After the 2021 local government elections, the DA put him forward as their candidate for council speaker.
He was elected council speaker at the inaugural council meeting on 22 November 2021 after he received 147 out of the 265 votes. The ANC's Eunice Mgcina received only 118 votes.

## Personal life

Born in modern-day Limpopo, Da Gama later moved to Alexandra in Gauteng. He currently lives in Eldorado Park with his wife. He reportedly speaks all eleven official languages of South Africa.
Following his election, he received attention for his name, which he shares with 16th century Portuguese explorer Vasco da Gama, among the first Europeans to visit the Cape of Good Hope.