# Walter C. Beckham

Walter Carl Beckham (May 16, 1916 – May 31, 1996) was a United States Army Air Forces officer during World War II and an American ace credited with 18 air-to-air victories. He remained in the Air Force after the war, obtained a Ph.D. in physics and was a nuclear weapons scientist.

## Early life

Beckham was born on May 12, 1916, in Paxton, Florida.

## Military career

Beckham became a United States Army Air Corps cadet in early 1941, Upon graduation from Aviation Cadet Class 41I(SE) in December, he was commissioned a second lieutenant and assigned to the Panama Canal Zone and Ecuador. After his return to the US, he was promoted to captain and was assigned to the 351st Fighter Squadron of the 353rd Fighter Group, flying Republic P-47 Thunderbolts.

### World War II

In mid-1943, the 353rd FG was initially stationed at RAF Goxhill in Lincolnshire, England, before moving to RAF Metfield in Suffolk, England in August 1943.
After switching its base to Metfield, the 353rd FG flew its first combat mission. In late September, Beckham scored his first kill, an Fw 190 over Nantes, France. Credited with a second kill, a Bf 109 on October 6, and then on October 10 he became a flying ace by destroying three twin-engined Messerschmitt Bf 110s.
During the winter of 1943-44, his score mounted, with victories frequently coming in pairs. By mid-February, Beckham had 18 victories, which at that time, made him the top scoring ace of the Eighth Air Force. On February 22, while on his 57th combat mission, he was hit by flak over Ostheim, Germany and bailed out of his P-47D successfully near Bergen-Neukirchen, but was captured and remained a Prisoner of War until he was released during April 1945.

### Post war

After his release in April 1945, Beckham was promoted to lieutenant colonel and stayed with the United States Air Force. He earned a PhD in physics in 1962 and joined the Air Force Weapons Laboratory at Kirtland Air Force Base as chief scientist, working on nuclear weapons. First Chief Scientist of the United States Air Force. Mentored by Edward Teller. Researcher at Lawrence Livermore Laboratories. Instructor at University of UC Berkeley. Beckham remained active in this field until his retirement on 1969 as colonel in the USAF.

## Later life

Beckham continued his career as nuclear scientist in civilian life until he retired in Albuquerque, New Mexico. Beckham died in Albuquerque on May 31, 1996.

## Awards and decorations

Beckham earned many decorations, including:
* US Air Force Command Pilot Badge
* Distinguished Service Cross
* Silver Star with three bronze oak leaf clusters
* Legion of Merit
* Distinguished Flying Cross with four bronze oak leaf clusters
* Air Medal with silver oak leaf cluster
* Air Force Outstanding Unit Award with bronze oak leaf cluster
* Prisoner of War Medal
* American Defense Service Medal
* American Campaign Medal
* European-African-Middle Eastern Campaign Medal with bronze campaign star
* World War II Victory Medal
* National Defense Service Medal with bronze service star
* Air Force Longevity Service Award with silver and bronze oak leaf clusters
* Small Arms Expert Marksmanship Ribbon
* Croix de Guerre, with Palm (Belgium)

### Distinguished Service Cross citation

    Beckham, Walter C.
    Captain (Air Corps), U.S. Army Air Forces
    351st Fighter Squadron, 353rd Fighter Group, 8th Air Force
    Date of Action: October 10, 1943
    Citation:
For extraordinary heroism in connection with military operations against an armed enemy while serving as Pilot of a P-47 Fighter Airplane in the 351st Fighter Squadron, 353d Fighter Group, Eighth Air Force, in action over enemy occupied Europe on 10 October 1943, while serving as a flight leader on a mission escorting withdrawing bombers. Major Beckham destroyed at unfavorable altitude two enemy aircraft as a result of his aggressiveness and the viciousness of his attacks. Though almost out of ammunition and with a dwindling fuel supply, he voluntarily engaged two additional aircraft. One of the planes he destroyed with the last of his ammunition and the other he drove from the combat area by simulated attack. The courage and aggressiveness of Major Beckham have been an inspiration to his fellow pilots and reflect the highest credit upon himself and the Armed Forces of the United States.