OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Dmytro Bohachov

Dmytro Bohachov (Ukrainian: Дмитро Іванович Богачов; 25 August 1992 – 22 October 2024) was a Ukrainian football midfielder who played for PFC Sumy.

## Career

Bohachov was a product of the Youth Sportive School Zmina in his native city Sumy.
He played for FC Sumy from 2010 to 2018. During that time, the club was promoted together with his teammates from the Ukrainian Second League to the Ukrainian First League. He then played for FC FC Viktoriya Sumy from 2018-2019 before returning to Sumy in 2019-2020. He would then play a season for FC Trostianets in 2020-2021, before heading to Orlęta Radzyń Podlaski in Poland's fourth division.

## Military service

Bohachov joined the Armed Forces of Ukraine following the Russian invasion in 2022. He fought in the Battle of Avdiivka and also served as a combat medic.

## Death

Bohachov died while undergoing treatment from wounds sustained in action at a hospital in Sumy during the Russo-Ukrainian War, on 22 October 2024. He was 32.
# Liu Duan Duan

Liu Duan Duan (Chinese: 刘端端) is a Chinese actor, singer, music producer and actor. He works for the National Theatre Company of China. His works include the movie Brotherhood of Blades II: The Infernal Battlefield and the television series Joy of Life.

## Early life

Liu comes from an acting family. His mother is actor Yan Fanfan, his grandfather is drama director Yan Zhongying, and his maternal grandmother is renowned playwright Bai Fengxi. In Liu's senior year of high school, he applied to the Central Academy of Drama. He graduated from the Academy in 2008.

## Career

Liu joined the National Theatre Company of China and starred in many stage plays. He met music producer Tan Xuan and began to compose music for film and television dramas.
Since 2008, Liu has acted in many film and television dramas.

## Filmography
### Television series

| Year | English title | Chinese title | Role | Notes |
| 2008 | Centennial Rongbaozhai | 百年榮寶齋 | Japanese soldier | Cameo |
| 2008 | Royal Tramp | 鹿鼎記 | Ao Biao | Cameo |
| 2010 | Lohas | 樂活家庭 | Duan Duan | Cameo |
| 2014 | The Great Protector | 鏢門 | Xie Hai | |
| 2015 | Hei, Lao Tou'er | 嘿，老頭！ | Yi Zhi | |
| 2015 | Young Marshal | 少帥 | Zhang Xuecheng | |
| 2016 | I want to make you happy | 真心想讓你幸福 | Hong Wei | |
| 2016 | Hey,Kids | 嘿,孩子 | Bar assailant | Cameo |
| 2017 | A Splendid Life in Beijing | 生逢燦爛的日子 | Guo Xiaoyang | Young version |
| 2017 | Detective Dee | 通天狄仁杰 | Emperor Taizong of Tang | |
| 2018 | Distant home | 遠方的家 (電視劇) | Song Fei | |
| 2019 | We Are All Going To Be Good! | 我们都要好好的 | Hu Nan | |
| 2019 | Joy of Life | 慶餘年 | Li Chengze | Season I |
| 2021 | Monarch Industry | 上陽賦 | Song Huai'en | |
| 2021 | Luoyang | 風起洛陽 | Prince Dongchuan | |
| 2021 | Sword Snow Stride | 雪中悍刀行 | Zhao Kai | |
| 2023 | Dwelling in the Fuchun Mountains | 富春山居 | Xu Jiafu | |
| 2023 | Days with Ambition and Pride | 鐵馬豪情的日子 | Xiao Liu/Qiao Zhong | filmed in 2019 |
| 2023 | Weaving a Tale of Love Season II | 風起西州 | Qu Chongyu | |
| TBA | Thunder Chaser | 雷霆令 | Li Xiao | |
| TBA | The Prisoner Of Beauty | 折腰 | Wei Yan | |
| TBA | Joy of Life Season II | 慶餘年2 | Li Chengze | |
# T. J. Carter (defensive back)

T. J. Carter (born April 3, 1999) is an American football strong safety who is a free agent. He played college football at Memphis and TCU and was signed by the Los Angeles Rams as an undrafted free agent in 2022.

## Early life

Carter was born on April 3, 1999, in Nashville, Tennessee. He attended Hendersonville High School, where he played football as a sophomore and junior. Playing running back, defensive back, and return specialist, Carter led the team with 1,084 rushing yards as a junior and was named all-mid-state by The Tennessean, 6-5A Specialty Player of the Year, and all-region. He was dismissed from the team prior to his senior year due to violating team rules, and subsequently transferred to Stratford High School. Carter helped Stratford compile an undefeated regular season record, while gaining over 2,100 all-purpose yards and scoring 22 touchdowns. He was rated by Scout.com the best defensive back in all of Tennessee, and according to 247Sports and Rivals.com was among the top-50 players at the position nationally.
After graduating from Stratford, Carter announced his commitment to play college football at Memphis. He became a starter as a true freshman in 2017 and appeared in all 13 games, posting a school freshman record five interceptions. He also placed fifth on the roster with 69 tackles. As a sophomore, Carter was third on the team with 68 tackles, recorded two interceptions, and tallied a team-leading 12 pass breakups while appearing in all 14 matches.
In 2019, as a junior, Carter appeared in 12 of the team's 14 games and posted 39 tackles, a forced fumble and recovery, and seven passes broken up. The following season, he made 11 tackles in seven appearances. After receiving one extra year of eligibility due to the COVID-19 pandemic, Carter transferred to TCU in 2021. As a fifth-year senior, he started ten games, missing the final two due to injury, and placed second on the team with 63 tackles.

## Professional career

Pre-draft measurables :
| Height | Weight | Arm length | Hand span | 40-yard dash | 10-yard split | 20-yard split | 20-yard shuttle | Three-cone drill | Vertical jump | Broad jump |
| 5 ft 9+1⁄4 in (1.76 m) | 189 lb (86 kg) | 30+3⁄4 in (0.78 m) | 8+3⁄8 in (0.21 m) | 4.57 s | 1.52 s | 2.71 s | 4.15 s | 7.21 s | 37.0 in (0.94 m) | 9 ft 5 in (2.87 m) |
| All values from Pro Day |||||||||||

### Los Angeles Rams

After going unselected in the 2022 NFL draft, Carter was signed as an undrafted free agent by the Los Angeles Rams. He was waived on May 17, but then brought back the following day. At the final roster cuts on August 30, he was waived, but afterwards was re-signed to the practice squad. Carter was elevated to the active roster for their Week 16 match versus the Denver Broncos, and made his NFL debut in the 51–14 win, recording one tackle. He signed a reserve/futures contract on January 9, 2023. On March 10, Carter was waived.

### Birmingham Stallions

Carter signed with the Birmingham Stallions of the USFL on March 20, 2023. He was released on March 10, 2024. He was re-signed on May 7, 2024, and again on August 19, 2024. He was released on February 7, 2025.
# Novato meteorite

The Novato meteorite is an ordinary chondrite which entered the Earth's atmosphere and broke up over Northern California at 19:44 Pacific Time on 17 October 2012. The falling bolide created a bright fireball and sonic booms and fragmented into smaller pieces as the intense friction of passing through the atmosphere heated it and absorbed its kinetic energy. The meteoroid was about 35 centimeters (14 in) across.

## Meteorite

The first fragment of the meteorite (N01) was recovered by Lisa Webber on 20 October after reading a story in the San Francisco Chronicle that described the NASA/CAMS meteor trajectory predicting a fall area in the North Bay. Lisa recalled hearing a sound on her roof the night of the meteor and went outside and located a 62 gram stone. Analysis of fragment N01 by Dr. Alan Rubin came back as a L6 breccia.
The second fragment was found by Brien Cook on 22 October (66 grams) and the third fragment was found by Jason Utas on 27 October (79 grams). The largest fragment recovered as of 5 November 2012 is N04 at 96 grams found by Robert Verish on 27 October. A fifth stone (N05) weighing 24 grams was found by Jason Utas on November 2. A sixth stone (N06) weighing 23.7 grams was found by the Kane family on November 11. More massive 1 kilogram (2.2 lb) fragments may have fallen near Sonoma with any 10 kilograms (22 lb) fragments possibly falling near Yountville.
This was the second significant meteorite in California in 2012, the first being the Sutter's Mill meteorite.
# Kharia language

The Kharia language (Kharia pronunciation: or) is a Munda language of the Austroasiatic language family, that is primarily spoken by the Kharia people of eastern India.

## History

According to linguist Paul Sidwell, Austroasiatic languages arrived on the coast of Odisha from Southeast Asia about 4000-3500 years ago.

## Classification

Kharia belongs to the Kharia–Juang branch of the Munda language family. Its closest extant relative is the Juang language, but the relationship between Kharia and Juang is remote.
Kharia is in contact with Sadri (the local lingua franca), Mundari, Kurukh, Hindi, and Odia (in Odisha).

## Distribution

Kharia speakers are located in the following districts of India.
* Jharkhand
** Simdega district
** Gumla district
* Odisha
** Sundargarh district
** Jharsuguda district

## Phonology

Kharia consonants :
| | | Labial | Dental/ Alveolar | Retroflex | Post-alv./ Palatal | Velar | Glottal |
| Nasal | Nasal | m | n | (ɳ) | ɲ | ŋ | |
| Stop/ Affricate | voiceless | p | t̪ | ʈ | c | k | (ʔ) |
| Stop/ Affricate | aspirated | | t̪ʰ | ʈʰ | cʰ | kʰ | |
| Stop/ Affricate | voiced | b | d̪ | ɖ | ɟ | ɡ | |
| Stop/ Affricate | breathy | bʱ | d̪ʱ | ɖʱ | ɟʱ | ɡʱ | |
| Stop/ Affricate | glottalised | ˀb | | ˀɖ | ˀɟ | | |
| Fricative | Fricative | f | s | | | | ɦ |
| Approximant | Approximant | w | l | | j | | |
| Tap | unaspirated | | ɾ | (ɽ) | | | |
| Tap | aspirated | | | (ɽʱ) | | | |
* [ɽ, ɽʱ] are only marginally phonemic and are normally intervocalic allophones of /ɖ, ɖʱ/.
* /f/ can also be pronounced among some speakers as an affricate [p͡f].
* /c, cʰ, ɟ, ɟʱ/ are often realized as affricate sounds [t͡ʃ, t͡ʃʰ, d͡ʒ, d͡ʒʱ], especially in loanwords.
* [ʔ] is an allophone of /ɡ/ when in coda position.
Kharia vowels :
| | Front | Central | Back |
| Close | i | | u |
| Mid | e | (ə) | o |
| Open | | a | a |
| Diphthong | /ae̯, ao̯, ou̯, oe̯, ui̯/ | /ae̯, ao̯, ou̯, oe̯, ui̯/ | /ae̯, ao̯, ou̯, oe̯, ui̯/ |
* /i, e, o, u/ have lax allophones of [ɪ, ɛ, ɔ, ʊ].
* /a/ can have allophones of [ɑ, ä, ə, ʌ].
# O Yun'gyŏm

O Yun'gyŏm (1559–1636) was a Korean scholar-official and Chief State Councillor of the Joseon period.
He was also diplomat and ambassador, representing Joseon interests in the 2nd Edo period diplomatic mission to the Tokugawa shogunate in Japan.

## 1617 mission to Japan

O Yun'gyŏm was the leader selected by the Gwanghaegun of Joseon to head a mission to Japan in 1617. The diplomatic mission functioned to the advantage of both the Japanese and the Koreans as a channel for developing a political foundation for trade.
This delegation was explicitly identified by the Joseon court as a "Reply and Prisoner Repatriation Envoy" (회답겸쇄환사; 回答兼刷還使). The mission was not understood to signify that relations were "normalized."
The Joseon monarch's ambassador and retinue traveled only as far as Kyoto, where the delegation was received by Shōgun Hidetada at Fushimi Castle.
# Peak earning years

Peak earning years refers to the time in life when workers earn the most money per year.

## US perspective

Given their initial lack of experience, workers' earnings start out low. Earnings peak when workers hit middle age, then begin to fall as retirement approaches. But peak earnings now occur later in life and reach a higher level.
In the 1970s the peak earning years were between 35 and 44 for people with only an elementary school education. However people who graduated from high school and college had a peak income between 45 and 54. In 2009 peak income occurred between the ages of 40–55. Twenty years ago, those in their peak earning years took home about twice as much as workers between the ages of 20 and 24. Now they earn more than three times as much.
# Kirad al-Ghannama

Kirad al-Ghannama was a Palestinian Arab village in the Safad Subdistrict. It was depopulated during the 1947–1948 Civil War in Mandatory Palestine on April 22, 1948, by the Palmach's First Battalion of Operation Yiftach. It was located 11 km northeast of Safad. Wadi Mushayrifa ran between the two Kirad villages (al-Ghannama and al-Baqqara) and Wadi Waqqas supplied the village with its water requirements. The village contained the following khirbas: Khirbat Nijmat al-Subh, Tall al-Qadah, and Tall al-Safa.

## History

By the 1931 census Arab Ghannameh had 265 Muslims inhabitants, in a total of 54 houses.
In the 1945 statistics, its population was 350 Muslims, and the total land area were 3,975 dunams. Of this, 77 dunams were for citrus and bananas, 20 dunams were irrigated or used for plantations, 3,451 for cereals, while 64 dunams were classified as urban land.

### 1948, aftermath

After the 1948 Palestine war, according to the armistice agreements of 1949 Between Israel and Syria, it was determined that a string of villages, including Al-Nuqayb Al-Hamma, Al-Samra in the Tiberias Subdistrict and Kirad al-Baqqara and Kirad al-Ghannama further north in the Safad Subdistrict, would be included the demilitarized zone (DMZ) between Israel and Syria. The villagers and their property were formally protected by Article V of the Israeli-Syrian agreement of 20 July that year. However, Israel thought the villagers could pose a security threat, and Israeli settlers and settlement agencies coveted the land. Israel therefore wanted the Palestinian inhabitants, a total of 2,200 villagers, moved to Syria.
In the spring of 1951, Israel decided to assert its sovereignty over the DMZ, including "the transfer of Arab civilians from the area.." On the night of the 30 March they forcibly transferred all the 800 inhabitants of Kirad al-Ghannama and Kirad al-Baqqara to Sha'ab. A United Nations decision allowed the villagers to return, however, Israel pressured them to remain in Sha'ab. In spite of this, many of the villagers returned to their homes in the DMZ. In 1956 Israel expelled the two Khirad-villages again, and this time the sites were physically destroyed and ploughed over. Most of the villagers went to Syria, a few went back to Sha'ab.
# Piazza Galvani

Piazza Galvani is a square in the historic centre of Bologna named after the Italian physicist Luigi Galvani born in this city in 1737. A statue of the scientist adorns the centre of the squarewhich opens in the apse of the Basilica of San Petronio. The Archiginnasio Palace overlooks the square.

## History

Since 1449, the area where the square is today was used for the silk market, a production that characterised the Bolognese territory until the 17th century.
In 1563, with the construction of the Palazzo dell'Archiginnasio, the square was enlarged by Pope Pius IV and was originally called Piazza dell'Academia.
The square received various names, from Piazza dell'Archiginnasio to Piazza delle Scuole or del Paviglione, until it became Piazza della Pace in 1801, in honour of the peace treaty signed between French Republic and Emperor Francis II, and finally Piazza Galvani in 1871.
The statue is the work of the Italian sculptor Adalberto Cencetti [it].
# Borges and Me: An Encounter

Borges and Me: an Encounter is a road trip novel based on a true story, a young Jay Parini's travels with renowned Argentine writer Jorge Luis Borges. With Parini having to recreate 50 year old conversations largely from memory, the book has been called a novelized memoir.

## Background

Jay Parini was in his early 20s in 1970 and decided he needed to study abroad. He wanted to avoid the Vietnam era draft and get away from his "suffocating Pennsylvania family." He enrolled in a doctoral program at the University of St Andrews in Scotland. Borges was visiting the school; Parini was mentored by one of his translators, Alastair Reid. Reid was going away for a few days and asked Parini to watch over Borges. Borges asked Parini to take him on an auto tour of the Scottish Highlands. Borges was blind, needing Parini to drive and describe everything. At the time of the trip, Parini was unaware of Borges' reputation and work.

## The journey

Throughout the trip they had conversations about life, literature and philosophy; these left a lasting impression on Parini. Parini describes many interesting anecdotes of the trip. These events have been described "as somewhere between truth and fiction, between recollection and reimagination." Among other recollections are Parini and Borges getting lost in a maze in Scone, something "very Borgesian"; Parini saving the life of Borges when he stood up in a rowing boat on Loch Ness reciting lines of Beowulf; and, Borges hallucinating ghosts on the field of Culloden.

## Reception

The book was generally well received with positive reviews. Kirkus Reviews called the book "a captivating homage." Michael Greenberg (New York Times) wrote that Parini: "Brings Borges more sharply to life than any account I’ve read or heard. . . In this sense, the memoir is an important contribution to the biography of a major writer. . . For readers who already admire Borges, this memoir will be a delicious treat. For those who have yet to read him, Parini provides the perfect entry point to a writer who altered the way many think of literature." Steve Paul (Booklist): "Fans of both Borges and Parini will delight in this touching coming-of-age memoir."

## Film adaptation

Borges and Me: An Encounter is being adapted into a film directed by Marc Turtletaub.
# Ministry of Education (Ecuador)

The Ministry of Education (Spanish: Ministerio de Educación) is a ministry of the government of Ecuador, headquartered in Quito.
# Ganbaataryn Odbayar

Ganbaataryn Odbayar (born 20 August 1989) is a Mongolian judoka. He competed at the 2016 Summer Olympics in the men's 73 kg event, in which he was eliminated in the third round by Nicholas Delpopolo. He won a bronze medal at the 2017 World Judo Championships in Budapest.
# Allobates pacaas

Allobates pacaas is a species of frog in the family Aromobatidae. It is endemic to Brazil.

## Description

This frog has metallic orange pigmentation on its back.

## Habitat

This frog lives in grassland and gallery forest habitats, specifically cerrados and savannas, in Serra dos Pacaás Novos in the state of Rondônia. It lives on plateaus high above the surrounding area. Scientists observed exclusively near a single stream that flowed through a gallery forest and shrubby grassland. The frogs do not seem to depend on the stream itself but rather on the increased humidity associated with it. Scientists observed the frog between 200 and 1230 meters above sea level.
The frog's entire known range is within Parque Nacional de Pacaás Novos. This park is inside the Uru-Eu-Wau-Wau Indigenous Area, which is part of the largest stretch of undisturbed Amazon forest in the state.

## Reproduction

There was no rain during the survey to the frog's range, so the scientists did not observe the frogs seeking mates or caring for young. They infer this species reproduces in the same manner other frogs in Allobates: The female frog lays eggs on the leaf litter and the tadpoles develop in water.

## Threats

The IUCN classifies this frog as vulnerable to extinction, largely due to deforestation in favor of large-scale agriculture, livestock grazing, and other development. Illegal logging and mining also pose a significant threat.
IUCN scientists note tht the frog is in more danger than otherwise because of its highland habitat. It already occupies the greatest elevations in its area and cannot simply climb to a higher one of the climate should change. Migrating to a cooler area would be similarly difficult given that it would require descending into a hotter one first.
# Maksym Petrenko (climber)

Maksym Petrenko (Ukrainian: Максим Петренко; 7 January 1978 – 15 October 2024) was a Ukrainian sport climber. Petrenko represented Ukraine in elite competition for 15 years, in both the junior and senior levels. In 1999, he won a bronze medal at the IFSC Climbing World Championships. He was killed in battle during the Russian invasion of Ukraine.

## Biography

Petremko was born in Luhansk on 7 January 1978. Petrenko's career spanned from 1992 to 2007 and he competed in the IFSC Climbing World Championships seven times. He was notably victorious at the 1997 IFSC Climbing World Youth Championships in Imst and earned a bronze medal in the men's lead competition at the 1999 UIAA Climbing World Championships in Birmingham. His outdoor climbing abilities allowed him to reach a grade of 8c+.
In 2024, Petrenko enlisted in the Ukrainian Armed Forces to fight in the Russian invasion of Ukraine. During combat in Toretsk, he was killed during mortar fire on 15 October 2024. He was 46.
# Kudna

Kudna (Arabic: كُدنة, also known to the Crusaders as Kidna) was a Palestinian Arab village, located 25 kilometers northwest of Hebron.

## History

Kudna was known to the Crusaders as Kidna. An archaeological site in Kudna contained remnants of a fort, the foundations of buildings, previously inhabited caves, and cisterns. About half a dozen khirbas lay in the vicinity. The remains of a fortified building, possibly a hall-house, from the Crusader era is still standing.

### Ottoman period

In 1838, during the rule of the Ottoman empire, Edward Robinson noted Kudna as a small Muslim village, located in the Gaza district. He also saw the remains of a large ancient building, the western wall was still standing, some 150 ft long (46 m), built of large stones.
In 1863 the French explorer Victor Guérin found Kudna to have five hundred inhabitants. It was located on a hill whose summit was rocky and whose sides were covered with olive and fig trees interspersed with tobacco. On the highest point of the hill were the remains of an old castle, along sixty paces on fifty seven wide. Guérin found the lower courses being ancient, possibly Byzantine; the upper layers more recent.
An Ottoman village list of about 1870 indicated 12 houses and a population of 40, though the population count included men only. In 1883, the PEF's Survey of Western Palestine described Kudna as a small village situated on a low hill and surrounded by olive trees. The walls of a Crusader Castle rose from the middle of the village.
In 1896 the population of Kidna was estimated to be about 228 persons.

### British Mandate era

In the 1922 census of Palestine conducted by the British Mandate authorities, Kudna had an entirely Muslim population of 281, increasing in the 1931 census to 353 inhabitants.
In the 1945 statistics the population of Kudna was 450, all Muslims, who owned 15,744 dunams of land according to an official land and population survey. 825 dunams were plantations and irrigable land, 6,505 for cereals, while 15 dunams were built-up (urban) land.

### 1948, and aftermath

During the 1948 Arab-Israeli War, the Israeli forces of the Giv'ati Brigade, commanded by Yigal Allon in Operation Yo'av assaulted the village on 22 October 1948. Though the village was defended by volunteers from the Arab Liberation Army, the Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood, and local militia men, it was overtaken by the Israeli forces and the village inhabitants fled. Benny Morris reports that Kudna was one of a number of villages, including Zikrin, Ra'na, Deir ad Dabbun and Ajjur, where most of the people fled before the arrival of the Givati Brigade; however those that did remain were expelled eastwards.
Following the war the area was incorporated into the State of Israel and kibbutz Beit Nir was established in 1955 to the west of the village site, on what had been village land.
The Palestinian historian Walid Khalidi described the village remaining structures in 1992: "The houses have been reduced to levelled debris hidden beneath an overgrowth of wild vegetation. One can see the stones that served as fences for home gardens. Cactuses and carob, fig, and olive trees grow on the site."
# Godzimierz, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship

Godzimierz is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Szubin, within Nakło County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. It lies approximately 6 kilometres (4 mi) north of Szubin, 12 km (7 mi) south-east of Nakło nad Notecią, and 20 km (12 mi) west of Bydgoszcz.
It was formerly part of the Prussian Province of Posen, part of the Kreis Schubin.
# Godzięba

Godzięba is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Gniewkowo, within Inowrocław County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. It lies approximately 4 kilometres (2 mi) north-west of Gniewkowo, 16 km (10 mi) north-east of Inowrocław, 22 km (14 mi) south-west of Toruń, and 34 km (21 mi) south-east of Bydgoszcz.