# 2023 Turkish general election

General elections were held in Turkey on 14 May 2023, combining presidential elections and parliamentary elections to elect 600 members of the Grand National Assembly.

## Background

The previous Turkish general election took place in 2018. The election marked the country's transition from a parliamentary system to a presidential one, as narrowly endorsed by voters in the 2017 constitutional referendum. That election resulted in a victory for incumbent president Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, who had held the position since 2014.
Meanwhile, the ruling Justice and Development Party (AK Party) lost its absolute majority in the Grand National Assembly of Turkey for the first time since June 2015, forcing it to rely on its coalition partner, the Nationalist Movement Party (MHP) of Devlet Bahçeli, to pass legislation. The office of the Prime Minister of Turkey was abolished on 12 July 2018, and its last holder, Binali Yıldırım, took office as the Speaker of the Grand National Assembly.
Although there were speculations about a snap election prior to the regular one in 2023, Bahçeli ruled them out. In a written statement, he said that elections would not be held before 2023. He also confirmed that the current coalition between AK Party and MHP will remain intact and Erdoğan will be their joint nominee for president. On 9 June 2022, Erdoğan declared his candidacy.
On 22 January 2023, Erdoğan announced he would initiate snap elections on 10 March which would bring the election date forward from 18 June to 14 May. Muharrem İnce announced he is withdrawing his candidacy on 11 May.

## Presidential election
### Candidates

On 1 April, after a drawing conducted by the Supreme Electoral Council, the places of four presidential candidates on the ballot paper have been determined as follows:
| List of presidential candidates in order they appear on the ballot paper |||||||||||||||
| 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 |
| Recep Tayyip Erdoğan | Recep Tayyip Erdoğan | Recep Tayyip Erdoğan | Recep Tayyip Erdoğan | Muharrem İnce | Kemal Kılıçdaroğlu | Kemal Kılıçdaroğlu | Kemal Kılıçdaroğlu | Kemal Kılıçdaroğlu | Kemal Kılıçdaroğlu | Kemal Kılıçdaroğlu | Sinan Oğan | Sinan Oğan | Sinan Oğan | Sinan Oğan |
| Campaign | Campaign | Campaign | Campaign | Campaign | Campaign | Campaign | Campaign | Campaign | Campaign | Campaign | Campaign | Campaign | Campaign | Campaign |

## Parliamentary election
### Contesting parties

The table below shows the places of alliances, parties, and independent candidates in the order they will appear on the ballot paper:
| List | Party | Party | Chairperson(s) | Main ideology | Alliance |
| 1 | Nation Party | MİLLET | Cuma Nacar [tr] | Conservatism | — |
| 2 | Rights and Freedoms Party | HAK-PAR | Düzgün Kaplan | Kurdish nationalism | — |
| 3 | Communist Party of Turkey | TKP | Kemal Okuyan | Communism | Union of Socialist Forces |
| 4 | Communist Movement of Turkey | TKH | Aysel Tekerek | Communism | Union of Socialist Forces |
| 5 | Left Party | SOL PARTİ | Önder İşleyen [tr] | Socialism | Union of Socialist Forces |
| 6 | Young Party | GENÇPARTİ | Murat Hakan Uzan [tr] | Kemalism | — |
| 7 | Homeland Party | MEMLEKET | Muharrem İnce | Kemalism | — |
| 8 | Great Unity Party | BÜYÜK BİRLİK | Mustafa Destici | Turkish Islamonationalism | People's Alliance |
| 9 | Justice and Development Party | AK PARTİ | Recep Tayyip Erdoğan | Erdoğanism | People's Alliance |
| 10 | New Welfare Party | YENİDEN REFAH | Fatih Erbakan | Millî Görüş | People's Alliance |
| 11 | Nationalist Movement Party | MHP | Devlet Bahçeli | Ultranationalism | People's Alliance |
| 12 | Party of Greens and the Left Future | YEŞİL SOL PARTİ | İbrahim Akın, Çiğdem Kılıçgün Uçar | Green politics | Labour and Freedom Alliance |
| 13 | Workers' Party of Turkey | TİP | Erkan Baş | Communism | Labour and Freedom Alliance |
| 14 | Justice Unity Party [tr] | AB PARTİ | İrfan Uzun | Nationalism | — |
| 15 | Motherland Party | ANAP | İbrahim Çelebi [tr] | Liberal conservatism | — |
| 16 | Innovation Party | YP | Öztürk Yılmaz | Kemalism | — |
| 17 | People's Liberation Party | HKP | Nurullah Efe [tr] | Communism | — |
| 18 | National Path Party | MİLLİ YOL | Remzi Çayır | National conservatism | — |
| 19 | Patriotic Party | VATAN PARTİSİ | Doğu Perinçek | Ulusalcılık | — |
| 20 | Power Union Party [tr] | GBP | Ali Karnap | Conservatism | — |
| 21 | Republican People's Party | CHP | Kemal Kılıçdaroğlu | Kemalism | Nation Alliance |
| 22 | Good Party | İYİ PARTİ | Meral Akşener | Kemalism | Nation Alliance |
| 23 | Justice Party | AP | Vecdet Öz [tr] | Liberal conservatism | Ancestral Alliance |
| 24 | Victory Party | — | Ümit Özdağ | Anti-immigration | Ancestral Alliance |
| 25 | Independent candidates | Independent candidates | Independent candidates | Independent candidates | Independent candidates |