OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Erquelinnesia

Erquelinnesia is an extinct turtle genus from the Cretaceous period, which has been found in fossils. Paleontologist Louis Dollo first described this genus late 19th century from fossilized samples found in the layers of Upper Paleocene / Lower Eocene in Hainaut, Belgium. Erquelinnesia lived between the Upper Cretaceous (Maastrichtian, about 70.6 million years ago) and Lower Paleocene (Danian, about 61.7 million years ago). Louis Dollo named his discovery as Pachyrhynchus gosseleti in 1886. However, in the following year, the nomenclature was changed by Dollo to Erquelinnesia gosseleti to resolve a conflict with another already existing generic name. Moreover, an additional species was attributed to the genus Erquelinnesia. The North American species called Erquelinnesia molaria that was known only from a fossilized mandible bone has subsequently re-categorized to the genus Euclastes.
In 2010, new remnants were found in South America. The newly discovered species was from the Paleocene of Argentina; it was given the name Erquelinnesia meridionalis. The species was previously designated to a separate genus, Pampaemys and then, Euclastes before the re-classification in light of the newly found fossilized evidence.

## Description

This genus of prehistoric sea turtle was similar to the modern sea turtles like Dermochelys coriacea (leatherback sea turtle); both have reduced carapace and slender bodies. Physically, Erquelinnesia have very large and prominent triangular skulls and elongated symphysis structures of their mandibles . They also have remarkably long secondary palates. The massive jaws and various specialized structures of the jaws appeared to be ideal for crushing the hard shells of ancient mollusks. Erquelinnesia exemplified a development of evolutionary radiation in ancient sea turtles. They have physiologically developed a skull suitable for crushing shells (durophagy). This morphological features survived until the Miocene period with the discovery of the genus Pacifichelys

## Taxonomy

Cladogram based on Lynch and Parham (2003) and Parham and Pyenson (2010):
# Bonmarché

Bonmarché (/bɒnmɑːrˈʃeɪ/ bon-mar-SHAY) is a British clothing retailer founded by Singh Chima in 1982. Since April 2019, the retailer has been owned by The Edinburgh Woollen Mill.
The clothing retailer had over 380 stores nationwide, employed over 4,000 people and was the United Kingdom's largest budget fashion retailer selling womenswear in a wide range of sizes – especially clothing proportioned specifically for larger sized individuals. Ranges included casual and formal separates, outerwear, swimwear, lingerie nightwear and accessories, all designed for larger women.

## History

Bonmarché was founded in 1982, by Parkash Singh Chima. The Sikh businessman arrived in the United Kingdom in 1950, from the Punjab and settled in Ely, Cambridgeshire, from where he launched a door-to-door business selling clothing items. The family bought two retail clothing firms in 1982 – Wiltex and Hartley – which had twenty six indoor market locations across the north of England.
Chima moved to Huddersfield, and ran the business with two of his sons, Gurchait and Gurnaik.
The first Bonmarché store opened in Doncaster in 1985, and this was the start of the chain that grew into more than three hundred stores, a huge headquarters at Grange Moor, and a turnover of more than £200 million. Chima retired and left two sons to run the business, before they sold to the Peacock Group in July 2002.
In March 2011, it was reported that Peacocks were looking to sell Bonmarché, and in January 2012, the business was sold for an undisclosed sum to private equity group Sun European Partners.
In July 2019, the company said that trading in recent months was so poor, it was recommending a £5.7M rescue bid from the owner of Edinburgh Woollen Mill, Philip Day, less than three months after rejecting it. The company was placed into administration on 18 October 2019. The administrators stated that initially, all stores would remain open, and no redundancies had yet been made.

## David Emanuel

In August 2007, Bonmarché launched a collection, designed in collaboration with David Emanuel, the designer famous for the co-design of Lady Diana Spencer's wedding dress in July 1981.

## Criticism
### Building collapse at Savar

On 24 April 2013, the eight-story Rana Plaza commercial building collapsed in Savar, a sub district near Dhaka, the capital of Bangladesh. At least 1,127 people died, and over 2,438 were injured.
The factory housed a number of separate garment factories employing around 5,000 people, several shops, and a bank, and manufactured apparel for brands, including the Benetton Group, Joe Fresh, The Children's Place, Primark, Monsoon, and Dressbarn.
Of the twenty-nine brands identified as having sourced products from the Rana Plaza factories, only nine attended meetings held in November 2013 to agree on a proposal on compensation to the victims. The agreement was signed by Primark, Loblaw, Bonmarché and El Corte Ingles.
# Roselawn (Cartersville, Georgia)

Roselawn is a mansion in Cartersville in the U.S. state of Georgia and is now a museum.

## Location

Roselawn is located at 244 Cherokee Avenue, Cartersville, Bartow County, Georgia, United States.

## History

In the 1860s, Nelson Gilreath, a local merchant, built a one-story house with an attic. By 1872, the attic was converted into bedrooms.
In the 1880s, the house was purchased by Samuel Porter Jones, a Christian revivalist. Jones added two stories at the back of the house. By 1895, he added a third floor and a basement. After Jones died in 1906, his widow, Laura McElwain Jones, continued to reside there until the 1920s.
In the 1930s, the house was purchased by Guy Parmenter and his wife, Marie Cole Bell Parmenter. The couple added an elevator and resided there until 1968. It was uninhabited for the next decade.
The house was acquired by Bartow County in 1978. They converted it into a museum about the lives of Samuel Porter Jones and another famed resident of Cartersville (though not Roselawn), Rebecca Latimer Felton.

## Architectural significance

It has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since January 12, 1973.
# Hukill Run

Hukill Run is a 2.12 mi (3.41 km) long 1st order tributary to Buffalo Creek in Brooke County, West Virginia. It is likely named for the landowner that owns the confluence of this run and Buffalo Creek.

## Course

Hukill Run rises about 2 miles east of Power, West Virginia, and then flows east to join Buffalo Creek about 2 miles west-northwest of Bethany.

## Watershed

Hukill Run drains 1.38 square miles (3.6 km$^2$) of area, receives about 40.1 in/year of precipitation, has a wetness index of 293.62, and is about 68% forested.
# 1st Brigade, Polish Legions

Brigade I of the Polish Legions (Polish: I Brygada Legionów Polskich, Austrian German: Brigade I der Polnischen Legion, Hungarian: A Lengyel Légió I. Dandárja) was a unit of Austro-Hungarian Army, manned by Poles under Austrian occupation, part of the Polish Legions in World War I, existing from 1914 to 1917.

## History

The First Brigade was formed on December 19, 1914, as part of the Polish Legions in World War I. Until October 1916 the First Brigade was commanded by Józef Piłsudski, thereafter by Marian Żegota-Januszajtis. The First Brigade and the Third Brigade were disbanded after the 1917 Oath Crisis.
The March of the First Brigade was one of the best-known songs of the Polish Legions.

### Combat

Major battles fought by the First Brigade included:
* battle of Łowczówek (December 22–25, 1914)
* battle of Konary (May 16–25, 1915)
* battle of Jastków (July 30 – August 3, 1915)
* battle of Kamionka (August 4–7, 1915)
* battle of Kostiuchnówka (July 4–6, 1916)

## Organization

The First Brigade comprised 3 infantry regiments (the 1st, 5th and 7th), a cavalry regiment (the 1st), artillery battalions, and support units.

## Composition

The First Brigade consisted mostly of young soldiers of intelligentsia origin from Congress Poland. Unlike regular military units characterised by military drill, relations between First Brigade soldiers and officers were collegial. The unit was inspired by Napoleonic-era ideas and the Polish uprisings, especially the January Uprising of 1863. Another characteristic of the First Brigade was its total devotion to commander Józef Piłsudski, seen as the only military, moral and political authority by his soldiers.
Many writers, painters and other personalities of cultural life, served in the First Brigade. They include Wacław Sieroszewski, Andrzej Strug, Gustaw Daniłowski, Włodzimierz Tetmajer or Juliusz Kaden-Bandrowski.
# Maksim Panin

Maksim Valeryevich Panin (Russian: Максим Валерьевич Панин; born 8 June 1981) is a former Russian professional football player.

## Club career

He played 7 seasons in the Russian Football National League for 4 different clubs.
# Şenyurt–Mardin railway

The Şenyurt-Mardin railway (Turkish: Şenyurt-Mardin demiryolu), also known as the Mardin railway, is a 24.3 km (15.1 mi) railway in Southeastern Turkey. The railway branches of the Aleppo-Nusaybin railway, formerly the Baghdad Railway, at Şenyurt and runs north across a flat plain to Mardin. The line was built in 1918 by the Baghdad Railway, shortly before the Ottoman Empire surrendered in World War I.
# Václav Fišer

Václav Fišer (born 9 July 1947) is a retired Czechoslovak long jumper and triple jumper.
He was born in Klatovy and represented the club Dukla Praha. He finished fifth at the 1971 European Championships, tenth at the 1972 European Indoor Championships, and competed at the 1972 Olympic Games without reaching the final.
He became Czechoslovak champion in long jump in 1970 and Czechoslovak champion in triple jump in 1971 and Czechoslovak indoor champion in 1972. His personal best jump was 16.62 metres, achieved in 1972.
# Honezovice

Honezovice is a municipality and village in Plzeň-South District in the Plzeň Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 300 inhabitants.
Honezovice lies approximately 26 kilometres (16 mi) south-west of Plzeň and 110 km (68 mi) south-west of Prague.

## Administrative division

Honezovice consists of two municipal parts (in brackets population according to the 2021 census):
* Honezovice (210)
* Hradišťany (45)
# Inchmore (Tiernan)

Inchmore (Tiernan) is a townland located on the island of Inchmore in Lough Ree in County Westmeath, Ireland. It is in the civil parish of Bunown.
The Townland is named after a local family that once inhabited the island. The island is split between two townlands, with the west being Inchmore.
# Rosemount (Forkland, Alabama)

Rosemount is a historic plantation house near Forkland, Alabama, United States. The Greek Revival style house was built in stages between 1832 and the 1850s by the Glover family. The house has been called the "Grand Mansion of Alabama." The property was added to the National Register of Historic Places on May 27, 1971. The Glover family enslaved over 300 people from 1830 until 1860.

## History

Allen Glover, of Demopolis, gave the 3,000-acre (1,200 ha) property to his son, Williamson Allen Glover, in the early 1830s. The main block of the house, designed in 1832 by state architect, William Nichols, is centered on a prominent star-shaped hill. This main block, with three floors and a mezzanine, was built in 1835. Williamson Allen Glover continued to expand the rear and interior of the house, through successive additions and reconfigurations, up to 1855. He went on to raise a total of sixteen children in the mansion's twenty rooms.

## Architecture

The exterior of the house features a Carolina-type monumental two-story Ionic portico, east and west side porches, and a continuous cornice with dentils above the second story and the cupola. The house plan forms a T-shape, to take advantage of the cross-ventilation that this plan affords. The major interior rooms include an entrance hall, twin parlors, great halls on both main floors that are 60 feet (18 m) long, a dining room, eight bedrooms, and a rooftop cupola, the largest residential example in Alabama. The cupola houses a music room that measures 16 feet (4.9 m) by 25 feet (7.6 m); double doors exit the south side of the music room onto a three sided porch with Doric columns. The cupola functioned as a look-out over the plantation and, along with the great halls, as a way to exhaust heated air out of the house during hot weather. Though no longer extant, the grounds once included formal gardens, a carriage house, a two-story servant's quarters, a schoolhouse, several barns, a corn crib, a shop, five slave cabins behind the main house, and a "slave village" about one mile away. Additionally there was a detached kitchen, now destroyed, that was later moved and attached to the house.
The house passed through different families over the years, going through some periods of disrepair and later, restorations. A massive restoration was begun around 2005 and the exterior was completely finished.
# Moran Creek (Minnesota)

Moran Creek is a stream in Todd County, in the U.S. state of Minnesota.
Moran Creek bears the name of a lumberman.
# Van–Sufian railway

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The Van—Sufian railway (Turkish: Van-Sufian demiryolu, Persian: راه آهن وان-صوفيان) is a 362 kilometres (225 mi) long single track railway in eastern Turkey and western Iran. The railway begins at the Van Pier in Van, Turkey, on the eastern shore of Lake Van, and runs east to Sufian, Iran, where it connects to the Tabriz-Jolfa railway.

## History

The oldest segment of the railway dates back to the early 20th century, during World War I, when a 53 km (33 mi) branch railway was built from Sufian to Sharafkhaneh.
The construction of a railway to Iran, via Van, was approved on 15 June 1937. The railway would continue east from Diyarbakır to Van and to the Iranian border at Kapıköy. Construction began shortly after and the railway reached Kurtalan in 1940. Due to the mountainous terrain between Kurtalan and Tatvan, the route was changed and its western starting became Elazığ. From Elazığ the railway would be built to Tatvan, via Muş, reaching Tuğ in 1964. A train ferry was established as a temporary means of transport between Tuğ and Van, as a bypass of Lake Van was planned.
In the 1960s, Turkey and Iran came to an agreement to construct a railway from Van to Sharafkhaneh.
CENTO sponsored a railway line, some of which was completed, to enable a rail connexion between London and Tehran via Van. The Van-Sufian railway from Lake Van in Turkey to Sharafkhaneh in Iran was completed and funded in large part by the Central Treaty Organisation (mainly the UK). The civil engineering was especially challenging because of the difficult terrain. Part of the route included a rail ferry across Lake Van with a terminal at Tatvan on the Western side of the lake. Notable features of the railway on the Iranian side included 125 bridges, among them the Towering Quotor span, measuring 1,485 feet (453 m) in length, spanning a gorge 396 feet (121 m) deep.
The Van-Razi segment opened on 29 October 1971, while the Razi-Sharafkhaneh segment opened in 1977.

## Operations

The railway is used primarily for freight rail, although the Iranian Railways operates passenger trains between Salmas and Sufian. The last passenger rail service in Turkey was suspended in July 2015, due to safety concerns regarding the Kurdish–Turkish conflict. Prior to suspension of passenger rail, the Trans-Asian Express used the railway between 2001 and 2015 on its journey from Istanbul, later Ankara, to Tehran. Other international trains were from Van to Tabriz and Damascus to Tehran. The latter was cancelled after the outbreak of the Syrian Civil War in 2011. A daily regional train also operated between Van and Özalp until 2015. The line is used mostly for through-traffic since freight rail facilities are minimal. The largest railyard along the route is in Van, adjacent to the city's railway station. Other small yards/sidings are located at Kapıköy and Razi.
# Ollie Vanek

Ollie Charles Vanek (August 23, 1908 — June 29, 2000) was an American professional baseball player, manager and scout. He is best known as the talent-spotter who discovered future Baseball Hall of Famer Stan Musial for the St. Louis Cardinals and encouraged the team to switch Musial from his initial position, a left-handed pitcher, to the outfield — paving the way for Musial's brilliant career as a batsman.
Vanek was an outfielder and third baseman during his minor league playing career from 1930–32 and 1937–46, batting .312 in 1,195 games. In 1937, Vanek was the player-manager of the Monessen Cardinals of the Class D Pennsylvania State Association, one of the many teams in the Cardinals' extensive farm system. Musial, a 16-year-old high-schooler from nearby Donora, Pennsylvania, tried out for Vanek before a game and Vanek recommended that the parent club sign him. The following season, Musial began his professional career in the Cardinal system as a southpaw pitcher and part-time outfielder.
When a sore shoulder (suffered making a catch in the field) derailed Musial's mound career, Vanek, in 1941, made him a full-time outfielder for his Class C Springfield Cardinals of the Western Association, and Musial responded by hitting .379 with 26 home runs in little more than half a season. By the end of 1941, he had begun his legendary Major League Baseball career with the big-league Cardinals. "Ollie was an excellent hitter and a good player," Musial said upon Vanek's death in St. Louis at age 91 in 2000. " ... He was a good man and responsible for my start in St. Louis."
Vanek managed Cardinal farm teams for 12 seasons, 1937–48, then became a scout for St. Louis, and, later, the New York Mets, where he won the Gil Hodges Award for Meritorious Service.
# Abu'l Haret Ahmad

Abu'l Haret Ahmad (died ca. 1000) was the third Farighunid ruler of Guzgan from 982 to 1000. He was the son and successor of Abu'l Haret Muhammad.

## Biography

In 982, Abu'l Haret's father died, leaving him a kingdom at its height. In 990, Abu'l-Haret was sent by the Samanid ruler Nuh II to suppress the rebellion of the Turkic military leader Fa'iq. Abu'l Haret was, however, defeated by Fai'q, and was forced to flee.
Some time later, Abu'l Haret's relations with the Ghaznavid noble and Samanid general Sebüktigin and his son Mahmud began to flourish; they attacked Fa'iq and the Simjurid Abu 'Ali Simjuri at Herat, where they won a decisive victory over them. They also made an alliance by double marriage; Abu'l Haret's son, Abu'l-Nasr Muhammad, married Sebüktigin's daughter, while Mahmud married one of Abu'l Haret's daughters. Meanwhile, the Samanids began to quickly decline. Sebüktigin later died in 997, and his kingdom was soon thrown into civil war between his sons Mahmud and Ismail. During the civil war, Abu'l Haret stayed neutral, and by 998, Mahmud managed to emerge victorious, and Ismail was shortly allowed to live at the court of Abu'l Haret. One year later, the remains of the Samanid kingdom was conquered by the Kara-Khanid Khanate.
Abu'l Haret later died in ca. 1000 and was succeeded by his son Abu'l-Nasr Muhammad, who shortly became a vassal of the Ghaznavids.

## Sources

* Bosworth, C. E. "ĀL-E FARĪḠŪN." Encyclopedia Iranica. 1 August 2012. <http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/al-e-farigun-a-minor-iranian-dynasty-of-guzgan->
* Frye, R.N. (1975). "The Sāmānids". In Frye, R.N. (ed.). The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 4: From the Arab Invasion to the Saljuqs. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 136–161. ISBN 0-521-20093-8.
| Preceded byAbu'l Haret Muhammad | Farighunid ruler of Guzgan 982–1000 | Succeeded byAbu'l-Nasr Muhammad |
# Civil flag

A civil flag is a version of the national flag that is flown by civilians on nongovernmental installations or craft. The use of civil flags was more common in the past to denote buildings or ships not crewed by the military.
In some countries, the civil flag is the same as the state flag but without the coat of arms, such as in the case of flags from Peru, Serbia and Spain. In others, it is an alteration of the war flag.
In Scandinavia, state and war flags can be double and triple-tailed variants of the Nordic Cross flag. Many countries, particularly those with a British heritage, still have distinctive civil flags (technically civil ensigns) for use at sea, many based on the Red Ensign.
# Ports-to-Plains Alliance

The Ports-to-Plains Alliance, based in Lubbock, Texas, United States, is a non-profit bipartisan advocacy group led by mayors, councillors, and other local elected leaders, economic development officials, business, and other opinion leaders from nine states (Texas, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Colorado, North Dakota, South Dakota, Montana, Nebraska, and Wyoming) and one Canadian province (Alberta) which contains a 2,300-plus mile economic development corridor stretching from Texas to Alberta.
The alliance was formalized in 2009 through an agreement between groups representing three congressionally-designated High Priority Corridors on the U.S. National Highway System (NHS): the Ports-to-Plains Trade Corridor Coalition, Heartland Expressway, and the Theodore Roosevelt Expressway Association. Today, as the Ports-to-Plains Alliance, the coalition works to assure continued prosperity in communities throughout North America’s energy and agricultural heartland.

## Aims

The alliance promotes trade, investment, infrastructure development, and intermodal connectivity in the Ports-to-Plains region. Originally, each individual group lobbied the U.S. Congress, the White House, and state governments for highway improvement dollars, with largely-local goals in mind.
Today, the Ports-to-Plains Alliance is a forum for collaboration and a partnership for maximizing the potential of the region and its people. The alliance raises funds to sustain and improve the Ports-to-Plains regional intermodal transportation network.
# Morses Creek (New Jersey)

Morses Creek is a stream in Union County, New Jersey. It is a tributary of the Arthur Kill along with other rivers and streams, including the Elizabeth River, Rahway River, Piles Creek and Fresh Kills, and via Newark Bay, the Passaic River and the Hackensack River. Earlier names include Thompson's or Nine Mile Creek as well as Morse's Creek or Morse Creek. It is named for the family of Peter Morse, also spelled "Morss," who settled here in the 1600s and remained for 200 years; Morse family headstones may still be seen to this day.
On its route to the Arthur Kill, it traverses Kenilworth, Cranford, Roselle Park, Roselle, Union and Linden. In Cranford it runs behind Adams Park. It crosses near Roselle Park High School. In Linden and Roselle, it crosses the land of Wheeler Park and Roselle Catholic High School. It bisects the Bayway Refinery on the Chemical Coast. Historically, the land of the lower creek included prosperous tidewater farmland.

## Contamination

According to a 2014 Wasting Our Waterways report, the Bayway Refinery dumped over 2 million pounds of toxins in the Arthur Kill via Morses Creek in 2012 alone. Morses Creek is severely contaminated. A battle has erupted over whether Exxon-Mobil as the former owners of the Bayway Refinery are responsible merely for remediation or a full restoration of the waterway. A settlement made with the state of New Jersey allows Exxon-Mobil to postpone clean-up until the current owners, Phillips 66 Partners, sells the facility.
No current plan to clean up Morses Creek exists despite decades of contaminated water and soil.

## Ilya the Morses Creek manatee

In 2009, to the surprise of many, a lost Florida manatee named Ilya by researchers was found swimming in Morses Creek. Thought to have sought warmth in the warm water discharged from the Bayway Refinery, he was successfully rescued and returned to the Florida wild.