# American Horse of the Year

The American Award for Horse of the Year, or simply Horse of the Year, one of the Eclipse Awards, is the highest honor given in American thoroughbred horse racing. Because Thoroughbred horse racing in the United States has no governing body to sanction the various awards, "Horse of the Year" is not an official national award.
The Champion award is a designation given to a horse, irrespective of age, whose performance during the racing year was deemed the most outstanding. The list below is a Champion's history compilation beginning with the year 1887 published by the Thoroughbred Owners and Breeders Association's The Blood-Horse magazine (founded 1961), described by ESPN as "the Thoroughbred industry's most-respected trade publication".
In 1936 a Horse of the Year award was created by a poll of the staff of The New York Morning Telegraph and its sister newspaper, the Daily Racing Form (DRF), a tabloid founded in 1894 that was focused on statistical information for bettors. At the same time a rival poll was organised by the Baltimore-based Turf and Sport Digest magazine. Formed in 1942 as an advocacy group, the Thoroughbred Racing Associations (TRA) inaugurated a competing award in 1950, selecting its winners from votes by racing secretaries from member tracks across the United States. The three systems resulted in different opinions as to "Horse of the Year" Champions in 1949, 1952, 1957, 1965, and 1970. In 1971, the DRF and TRA made an agreement with the National Turf Writers Association to merge into one set of awards, called the Eclipse Awards.

## Historical notes on winners

In a rare occurrence, two two-year-olds topped the balloting for 1972 American Horse of the Year honors with Secretariat edging out the filly, La Prevoyante. Secretariat received the votes of the Thoroughbred Racing Associations of North America and the Daily Racing Form, while La Prevoyante was chosen by the National Turf Writers Association.
Kelso, who placed 4th in The Blood-Horse magazine ranking of the top 100 U.S. thoroughbred champions of the 20th Century, won "Horse of the Year" honors five consecutive years. Omaha is the only winner of the U.S. Triple Crown that was not voted "Horse of the Year" honors.

## Records

Most wins:
* 5 – Kelso (1960, 1961, 1962, 1963, 1964)
Most wins by a trainer:
* 8 – James G. Rowe Sr. (1896, 1900, 1901, 1905, 1907, 1908, 1913, 1915)
Most wins by an owner:
* 6 – Calumet Farm (1941, 1942, 1944, 1947, 1948, 1949)

## Honorees

* Key
* Elected to the Thoroughbred Horse Racing Hall of Fame

### Eclipse Awards

The 2003 Eclipse Awards marked a significant change in the way that honors were decided.
Under this format, voting is conducted by selected members of the National Thoroughbred Racing Association, the Daily Racing Form, and the National Turf Writers and Broadcasters (formerly National Turf Writers Association). The winner of the Eclipse Award for American Horse of the Year is the horse who has received the most first-place votes.
| Year | Horse | Trainer | Owner | Age | Sex | Votes (Share) | Runner-Up | Votes (Share) |
| 2024 | Thorpedo Anna | Kenneth McPeek | Nader Alaali, Mark Edwards, Judy Hicks, and Magdalena Racing | 3 | Filly | 193/240 (80.42%) | Sierra Leone | 37/219 (4.17%) |
| 2023 | Cody's Wish | William I. Mott | Godolphin | 5 | Horse | 134/219 (61.19%) | White Abarrio | 37/219 (16.89%) |
| 2022 | Flightline | John Sadler | Hronis Racing | 4 | Colt | 239/246 (97.15%) | Malathaat, Life Is Good, Country Grammer | 1/246 (0.41%) |
| 2021 | Knicks Go | Brad Cox | Korea Racing Authority | 5 | Horse | 228/235 (97.02%) | Letruska, Loves Only You | 2/235 (0.85%) |
| 2020 | Authentic | Bob Baffert | Spendthrift Farm, MyRaceHorse Stable, Madaket Stables, and Starlight Racing | 3 | Colt | 224/238 (94.12%) | Monomoy Girl | 7/238 (2.94%) |
| 2019 | Bricks and Mortar | Chad C. Brown | Klaravich Stables and William Lawrence | 5 | Horse | 204/241 (84.65%) | Mitole | 19/241 (7.88%) |
| 2018 | Justify | Bob Baffert | China H. C., Head of Plains Partners, Starlight Racing and WinStar Farm | 3 | Colt | 191/249 (76.71%) | Accelerate | 54/249 (21.69%) |
| 2017 | Gun Runner | Steve Asmussen | Winchell Thoroughbreds LLC & Three Chimneys Farm | 4 | Colt | 248/250 (99.2%) | Arrogate | 2/250 (0.8%) |
| 2016 | California Chrome | Art Sherman | California Chrome LLC | 5 | Horse | 202/248 (81.45%) | Arrogate | 40/248 (16.13%) |
| 2015 | American Pharoah | Bob Baffert | Ahmed Zayat | 3 | Colt | 261/261 (100.0%) | N/A | N/A |
| 2014 | California Chrome | Art Sherman | Steven Coburn, Perry Martin | 3 | Colt | 143/265 (53.96%) | Main Sequence | 53/265 (20.00%) |
| 2013 | Wise Dan | Charles LoPresti | Morton Fink | 6 | Gelding | 208/249 (83.53%) | Mucho Macho Man | 21/249 (8.43%) |
| 2012 | Wise Dan | Charles LoPresti | Morton Fink | 5 | Gelding | 194/254 (76.38%) | I'll Have Another | 30/254 (11.81%) |
| 2011 | Havre de Grace | J. Larry Jones | Fox Hill Farms | 4 | Filly | 166/248 (66.94%) | Acclamation | 26/248 (10.48%) |
| 2010 | Zenyatta | John Shirreffs | Jerry & Ann Moss | 6 | Mare | 128/238 (53.78%) | Blame | 102/238 (42.86%) |
| 2009 | Rachel Alexandra | Steve Asmussen | Stonestreet Stables | 3 | Filly | 130/229 (56.77%) | Zenyatta | 99/229 (43.23%) |
| 2008 | Curlin | Steve Asmussen | Stonestreet Farm et al. | 4 | Colt | 153/242 (63.22%) | Zenyatta | 69/242 (28.51%) |
| 2007 | Curlin | Steve Asmussen | Stonestreet Farm et al. | 3 | Colt | 249/263 (94.68%) | Rags to Riches | 12/263 (4.56%) |
| 2006 | Invasor | Kiaran McLaughlin | Shadwell Racing | 4 | Colt | 228/271 (84.13%) | Barbaro | 21/271 (7.75%) |
| 2005 | Saint Liam | Richard E. Dutrow Jr. | M/M William K. Warren Jr. | 5 | Horse | 194/253 (76.68%) | Afleet Alex | 56/253 (22.13%) |
| 2004 | Ghostzapper | Robert J. Frankel | Frank Stronach | 4 | Colt | 174/271 (64.21%) | Smarty Jones | 95/271 (35.06%) |
| 2003 | Mineshaft | Neil J. Howard | Farish / Webber / Elkins | 4 | Colt | 209/248 (84.27%) | Congaree | 11/248 (4.44%) |
The 2002 Eclipse Awards were the last conducted under a voting bloc system, in which each of the three voting groups could only cast a single collective vote based on the polling of that group's members. In the event of an overall split vote, the award would go to the horse who had received the most points - each group's vote awarded ten points for first place, five points for second place, and one point for third place. In the event that there was a tie on points, the award would go to the horse who had received the most individual first-place votes.
| Year | Horse | Trainer | Owner | Age | Sex |
| 2002 | Azeri | Laura de Seroux | Michael Paulson | 4 | F |
| 2001 | Point Given | Bob Baffert | The Thoroughbred Corp. | 3 | C |
| 2000 | Tiznow | Jay M. Robbins | M. Cooper & Cecilia Straub-Rubens | 3 | C |
| 1999 | Charismatic | D. Wayne Lukas | Bob and Beverly Lewis | 3 | C |
| 1998 | Skip Away | Sonny Hine | Carolyn Hine | 5 | H |
| 1997 | Favorite Trick | Patrick B. Byrne | Joseph LaCombe | 2 | C |
| 1996 | Cigar | William I. Mott | Allen E. Paulson | 6 | H |
| 1995 | Cigar | William I. Mott | Allen E. Paulson | 5 | H |
| 1994 | Holy Bull | Warren A. Croll Jr. | Warren A. Croll Jr. | 3 | C |
| 1993 | Kotashaan | Richard Mandella | La Presle Farm | 5 | H |
| 1992 | A.P. Indy | Neil D. Drysdale | Tomonori Tsurumaki | 3 | C |
| 1991 | Black Tie Affair | Ernie T. Poulos | Jeffrey Sullivan | 5 | H |
| 1990 | Criminal Type | D. Wayne Lukas | Calumet & Jurgen K. Arnemann | 5 | H |
| 1989 | Sunday Silence | Charlie Whittingham | H-G-W Partners | 3 | C |
| 1988 | Alysheba | Jack Van Berg | Dorothy & Pamela Scharbauer | 4 | C |
| 1987 | Ferdinand | Charlie Whittingham | Elizabeth A. Keck | 4 | C |
| 1986 | Lady's Secret | D. Wayne Lukas | Eugene V. Klein | 4 | F |
| 1985 | Spend A Buck | Cam Gambolati | Hunter Farm | 3 | C |
| 1984 | John Henry | Ron McAnally | Dotsam Stable | 9 | G |
| 1983 | All Along | Patrick Biancone | Daniel Wildenstein | 4 | F |
| 1982 | Conquistador Cielo | Woody Stephens | Henryk de Kwiatkowski | 3 | C |
| 1981 | John Henry | Ron McAnally | Dotsam Stable | 6 | G |
| 1980 | Spectacular Bid | Bud Delp | Hawksworth Farm | 4 | C |
| 1979 | Affirmed | Laz Barrera | Harbor View Farm | 4 | C |
| 1978 | Affirmed | Laz Barrera | Harbor View Farm | 3 | C |
| 1977 | Seattle Slew | William H. Turner Jr. | Karen & Mickey Taylor | 3 | C |
| 1976 | Forego | Frank Y. Whiteley Jr. | Lazy F. Ranch | 6 | G |
| 1975 | Forego | Sherrill W. Ward | Lazy F. Ranch | 5 | G |
| 1974 | Forego | Sherrill W. Ward | Lazy F. Ranch | 4 | G |
| 1973 | Secretariat | Lucien Laurin | Meadow Stable | 3 | C |
| 1972 | Secretariat | Lucien Laurin | Meadow Stable | 2 | C |
| 1971 | Ack Ack | Charlie Whittingham | Buddy Fogelson | 5 | H |

### Daily Racing Form, Turf & Sport Digest and Thoroughbred Racing Association Awards

| Year | Horse | Trainer | Owner | Age | Gender |
| 1970 | Fort Marcy (DRF) | J. Elliott Burch | Rokeby Stables | 6 | G |
| 1970 | Personality (TRA) | John W. Jacobs | Ethel D. Jacobs | 3 | C |
| 1969 | Arts and Letters | J. Elliott Burch | Rokeby Stables | 3 | C |
| 1968 | Dr. Fager | John A. Nerud | Tartan Stable | 4 | C |
| 1967 | Damascus | Frank Y. Whiteley Jr. | Edith W. Bancroft | 3 | C |
| 1966 | Buckpasser | Edward A. Neloy | Ogden Phipps | 3 | C |
| 1965 | Roman Brother (DRF) | Burley Parke | Harbor View Farm | 4 | G |
| 1965 | Moccasin (TRA) (TSD) | Harry Trotsek | Claiborne Farm | 2 | F |
| 1964 | Kelso | Carl Hanford | Bohemia Stable | 7 | G |
| 1963 | Kelso | Carl Hanford | Bohemia Stable | 6 | G |
| 1962 | Kelso | Carl Hanford | Bohemia Stable | 5 | G |
| 1961 | Kelso | Carl Hanford | Bohemia Stable | 4 | G |
| 1960 | Kelso | Carl Hanford | Bohemia Stable | 3 | G |
| 1959 | Sword Dancer | J. Elliott Burch | Brookmeade Stable | 3 | C |
| 1958 | Round Table | William Molter | Kerr Stable | 4 | C |
| 1957 | Dedicate (TRA) | G. Carey Winfrey | Jan Winfrey Burke | 5 | H |
| 1957 | Bold Ruler (DRF) (TSD) | Jim Fitzsimmons | Wheatley Stable | 3 | C |
| 1956 | Swaps | Mesh Tenney | Rex C. Ellsworth | 4 | C |
| 1955 | Nashua | Jim Fitzsimmons | Belair Stud | 3 | C |
| 1954 | Native Dancer | William C. Winfrey | Alfred G. Vanderbilt II | 4 | C |
| 1953 | Tom Fool | John M. Gaver Sr. | Greentree Stable | 4 | C |
| 1952 | Native Dancer (TRA) (TSD) | William C. Winfrey | Alfred G. Vanderbilt II | 2 | C |
| 1952 | One Count (DRF) | Oscar White | Sarah Jeffords | 3 | C |
| 1951 | Counterpoint | Sylvester Veitch | C. V. Whitney | 3 | C |
| 1950 | Hill Prince | Casey Hayes | Christopher Chenery | 3 | C |

### Daily Racing Form and Turf & Sport Digest Awards

| Year | Horse | Trainer | Owner | Age | Gender |
| 1949 | Capot (DRF) | John M. Gaver Sr. | Greentree Stable | 3 | C |
| 1949 | Coaltown (TSD) | Horace A. Jones | Calumet Farm | 4 | C |
| 1948 | Citation | Ben A. Jones | Calumet Farm | 3 | C |
| 1947 | Armed | Ben A. Jones | Calumet Farm | 6 | G |
| 1946 | Assault | Max Hirsch | King Ranch | 3 | C |
| 1945 | Busher | George M. Odom | Louis B. Mayer | 3 | F |
| 1944 | Twilight Tear | Ben A. Jones | Calumet Farm | 3 | F |
| 1943 | Count Fleet | Don Cameron | Fannie Hertz | 3 | C |
| 1942 | Whirlaway | Ben A. Jones | Calumet Farm | 4 | C |
| 1941 | Whirlaway | Ben A. Jones | Calumet Farm | 3 | C |
| 1940 | Challedon | Louis J. Schaefer | Branncastle Farm | 4 | C |
| 1939 | Challedon | Louis J. Schaefer | Branncastle Farm | 3 | C |
| 1938 | Seabiscuit | Tom Smith | Charles S. Howard | 5 | H |
| 1937 | War Admiral | George Conway | Glen Riddle Farm | 3 | C |
| 1936 | Granville | Jim Fitzsimmons | William Woodward Sr. | 3 | C |

### The Blood-Horse retrospective champions

| Year | Horse | Trainer | Owner | Age | Gender |
| 1935 | Discovery | Joseph H. Stotler | Alfred G. Vanderbilt II | 4 | C |
| 1934 | Cavalcade | Robert A. Smith | Brookmeade Stable | 3 | C |
| 1933 | Equipoise | Thomas J. Healey | Cornelius Vanderbilt Whitney | 5 | H |
| 1932 | Equipoise | Thomas J. Healey | Cornelius Vanderbilt Whitney | 4 | C |
| 1931 | Twenty Grand | James G. Rowe Jr. | Greentree Stable | 3 | C |
| 1930 | Gallant Fox | Jim Fitzsimmons | Belair Stud | 3 | C |
| 1929 | Blue Larkspur | Herbert J. Thompson | Edward R. Bradley | 3 | C |
| 1928 | Reigh Count | Bert S. Michell | Fannie Hertz | 3 | C |
| 1927 | Chance Play | John I. Smith | Log Cabin Stable | 4 | C |
| 1926 | Crusader | George Conway | Glen Riddle Farm | 3 | C |
| 1925 | Sarazen | Max Hirsch | Virginia Fair Vanderbilt | 4 | G |
| 1924 | Sarazen | Max Hirsch | Virginia Fair Vanderbilt | 3 | G |
| 1923 | Zev | David J. Leary | Rancocas Stable | 3 | C |
| 1922 | Exterminator | Henry McDaniel | Willis Sharpe Kilmer | 7 | G |
| 1921 | Grey Lag | Sam Hildreth | Rancocas Stable | 3 | C |
| 1920 | Man o' War | Louis Feustel | Samuel D. Riddle | 3 | C |
| 1919 | Sir Barton | H. Guy Bedwell | J. K. L. Ross | 3 | C |
| 1918 | Johren | Albert Simons | Harry P. Whitney | 3 | C |
| 1917 | Old Rosebud | Frank D. Weir | Weir & Hamilton Applegate | 6 | G |
| 1916 | Friar Rock | Sam Hildreth | August Belmont Jr. | 3 | C |
| 1915 | Regret | James G. Rowe Sr. | Harry P. Whitney | 3 | F |
| 1914 | Roamer | A. J. Goldsborough | Andrew Miller | 3 | G |
| 1913 | Whisk Broom II | James G. Rowe Sr. | Harry P. Whitney | 6 | H |
| 1912 | The Manager | Thomas C. McDowell | Thomas C. McDowell | 3 | C |
| 1911 | Meridian | Albert Ewing | Richard F. Carman | 3 | C |
| 1910 | Fitz Herbert | Sam Hildreth | Charles Kohler | 4 | C |
| 1909 | Fitz Herbert | Sam Hildreth | Sam Hildreth | 3 | C |
| 1908 | Colin | James G. Rowe Sr. | James R. Keene | 3 | C |
| 1907 | Colin | James G. Rowe Sr. | James R. Keene | 2 | C |
| 1906 | Burgomaster | John W. Rogers | Harry P. Whitney | 3 | C |
| 1905 | Sysonby | James G. Rowe Sr. | James R. Keene | 3 | C |
| 1904 | Beldame | John J. Hyland | August Belmont Jr. | 3 | F |
| 1903 | Hermis | John H. McCormack | Henry M. Ziegler | 4 | C |
| 1902 | Hermis | John H. McCormack | Henry M. Ziegler | 3 | C |
| 1901 | Commando | James G. Rowe Sr. | James R. Keene | 3 | C |
| 1900 | Commando | James G. Rowe Sr. | James R. Keene | 2 | C |
| 1899 | Imp | Charles E. Brossman | Daniel R. Harness | 5 | M |
| 1898 | Hamburg | William Lakeland | Marcus Daly | 3 | C |
| 1897 | Ornament | Charles E. Patterson | Charles E. Patterson | 3 | C |
| 1896 | Requital | James G. Rowe Sr. | Brookdale Farm Stable | 3 | C |
| 1895 | Henry of Navarre | John J. Hyland | August Belmont Jr. | 4 | C |
| 1894 | Henry of Navarre | Byron McClelland | Byron McClelland | 3 | C |
| 1893 | Domino | William Lakeland | James & Foxhall Keene | 2 | C |
| 1892 | Tammany | Matthew Byrnes | Marcus Daly | 3 | C |
| 1891 | Longstreet | Hardy Campbell Jr. | Michael F. Dwyer | 5 | H |
| 1890 | Salvator | Matthew Byrnes | James Ben Ali Haggin | 4 | C |
| 1889 | Salvator | Matthew Byrnes | James Ben Ali Haggin | 3 | C |
| 1888 | Emperor of Norfolk | Robert W. Thomas | E.J. "Lucky" Baldwin | 3 | C |
| 1887 | Hanover | Frank McCabe | Dwyer Brothers Stable | 3 | C |