# 2019 Castilian-Leonese regional election

The 2019 Castilian-Leonese regional election was held on Sunday, 26 May 2019, to elect the 10th Cortes of the autonomous community of Castile and León. All 81 seats in the Cortes were up for election. The election was held simultaneously with regional elections in eleven other autonomous communities and local elections all throughout Spain, as well as the 2019 European Parliament election.
The Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) saw its first plurality in a regional election in Castile and León since 1983, being only the second time in history that the party emerged as the most voted political force in a regional election. Conversely, support for the governing People's Party (PP) collapsed into the worst historical showing for the party, whereas the liberal Citizens (Cs) and the far-right Vox made substantial gains at its expense, though support for the latter, which rose from 0.7% to 5.5%, failed to materialize in more than one single seat due to the electoral system. Concurrently, the Podemos–Equo alliance suffered a sizeable setback after losing eight out of the ten seats Podemos had won on its own in 2015.
As a result of PP and Cs being able to muster a slim majority of 41 seats in the Cortes, the two centre-right parties were able to form a coalition government—the second in the community's history, after the coalition between the PP and the late Democratic and Social Centre (CDS) that was formed for the 1989–1991 period—under PP candidate Alfonso Fernández Mañueco, who became the region's new president.

## Overview
### Electoral system

The Cortes of Castile and León were the devolved, unicameral legislature of the autonomous community of Castile and León, having legislative power in regional matters as defined by the Spanish Constitution and the Castilian-Leonese Statute of Autonomy, as well as the ability to vote confidence in or withdraw it from a regional president. Voting for the Cortes was on the basis of universal suffrage, which comprised all nationals over 18 years of age, registered in Castile and León and in full enjoyment of their political rights. Additionally, Castilian-Leonese people abroad were required to apply for voting before being permitted to vote, a system known as "begged" or expat vote (Spanish: Voto rogado).
All members of the Cortes of Castile and León were elected using the D'Hondt method and a closed list proportional representation, with an electoral threshold of three percent of valid votes—which included blank ballots—being applied in each constituency. Seats were allocated to constituencies, corresponding to the provinces of Ávila, Burgos, León, Palencia, Salamanca, Segovia, Soria, Valladolid and Zamora, with each being allocated an initial minimum of three seats, as well as one additional member per each 45,000 inhabitants or fraction greater than 22,500.
As a result of the aforementioned allocation, each Cortes constituency was entitled the following seats:
| Seats | Constituencies |
| 15 | Valladolid |
| 13 | León$^{(–1)}$ |
| 11 | Burgos |
| 10 | Salamanca$^{(–1)}$ |
| 7 | Ávila, Palencia, Zamora |
| 6 | Segovia$^{(–1)}$ |
| 5 | Soria |
In smaller constituencies, the use of the electoral method resulted in an effective threshold based on the district magnitude and the distribution of votes among candidacies.

### Election date

The term of the Cortes of Castile and León expired four years after the date of their previous election, unless they were dissolved earlier. The election decree was required to be issued no later than the twenty-fifth day prior to the date of expiry of parliament and published on the following day in the Official Gazette of Castile and León (BOCYL), with election day taking place between the fifty-fourth and sixtieth days from publication. The previous election was held on 24 May 2015, which meant that the legislature's term would have expired on 24 May 2019. The election decree was required to be published in the BOCYL no later than 30 April 2019, with the election taking place up to the sixtieth day from publication, setting the latest possible election date for the Cortes on Saturday, 29 June 2019.
The president had the prerogative to dissolve the Cortes of Castile and León and call a snap election, provided that no motion of no confidence was in process and that dissolution did not occur either during the first legislative session or before one year had elapsed since a previous dissolution. In the event of an investiture process failing to elect a regional president within a two-month period from the first ballot, the Cortes were to be automatically dissolved and a fresh election called.

## Parliamentary composition

The Cortes of Castile and León were officially dissolved on 2 April 2019, after the publication of the dissolution decree in the Official Gazette of Castile and León. The table below shows the composition of the parliamentary groups in the Cortes at the time of dissolution.
Parliamentary composition in April 2019 :
| Groups | Groups | Parties | Parties | Legislators | Legislators |
| Groups | Groups | Parties | Parties | Seats | Total |
| | People's Parliamentary Group | | PP | 42 | 42 |
| | Socialist Parliamentary Group | | PSOE | 25 | 25 |
| | We Can Castile and León Parliamentary Group | | Podemos | 10 | 10 |
| | Citizens Parliamentary Group | | Cs | 5 | 5 |
| | Mixed Parliamentary Group | | IUCyL | 1 | 2 |
| | Mixed Parliamentary Group | | UPL | 1 | 2 |

## Parties and candidates

The electoral law allowed for parties and federations registered in the interior ministry, coalitions and groupings of electors to present lists of candidates. Parties and federations intending to form a coalition ahead of an election were required to inform the relevant Electoral Commission within ten days of the election call, whereas groupings of electors needed to secure the signature of at least one percent of the electorate in the constituencies for which they sought election, disallowing electors from signing for more than one list of candidates.
Below is a list of the main parties and electoral alliances which contested the election:
| Candidacy | Candidacy | Parties and alliances | Leading candidate | Leading candidate | Ideology | Previous result | Previous result | Gov. | Ref. |
| Candidacy | Candidacy | Parties and alliances | Leading candidate | Leading candidate | Ideology | Votes (%) | Seats | Gov. | Ref. |
| | PP | List People's Party (PP) | | Alfonso Fernández Mañueco | Conservatism Christian democracy | 37.73% | 42 | Y | [9] [10] |
| | PSOE | List Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) | | Luis Tudanca | Social democracy | 25.94% | 25 | N | |
| | Podemos– Equo | List We Can (Podemos) Equo (Equo) | | Pablo Fernández | Left-wing populism Direct democracy Democratic socialism | 12.14% | 10 | N | |
| | Cs | List Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (Cs) | | Francisco Igea | Liberalism | 10.27% | 5 | N | |
| | IU–A–PCAS/ TC–ALTER | List United Left of Castile and León (IUCyL) – Communist Party of Castile and León (PCCyL) – The Dawn. Marxist Organization OM (La Aurora (om)) – Republican Left (IR) – Feminist Party of Spain (PFE) Anticapitalists (Anticapitalistas) Castilian Party/Commoners' Land (PCAS/TC) Republican Alternative (ALTER) | | José Sarrión | Socialism Communism | 4.48% | 1 | N | |
| | UPL | List Leonese People's Union (UPL) | | Luis Mariano Santos | Regionalism Autonomism | 1.41% | 1 | N | |
| | Vox | List Vox (Vox) | | Jesús García-Conde | Right-wing populism Ultranationalism National conservatism | 0.68% | 0 | N | |
| | XAV | List For Ávila (XAV) | | Pedro Pascual | Regionalism | New party | New party | N | |

## Campaign
### Election debates

Since a 2017 reform, the electoral law of Castile and León provided for the presidential candidates of the parties having a parliamentary group in the Cortes to participate in, at least, two electoral debates to be held during the electoral campaign.
2019 Castilian-Leonese regional election debates :
| Date | Organisers | Moderator(s) | P Present  S Surrogate  NI Not invited  A Absent invitee | P Present  S Surrogate  NI Not invited  A Absent invitee | P Present  S Surrogate  NI Not invited  A Absent invitee | P Present  S Surrogate  NI Not invited  A Absent invitee | P Present  S Surrogate  NI Not invited  A Absent invitee | P Present  S Surrogate  NI Not invited  A Absent invitee |
| Date | Organisers | Moderator(s) | PP | PSOE | Podemos | Cs | Audience | Ref. |
| 14 May | RTVCyL | Nati Melendre Alejandra Abad | P Mañueco | P Tudanca | P Fernández | P Igea | 228,000 | [18] [19] |
| 21 May | RTVCyL | Nati Melendre Alejandra Abad | P Mañueco | P Tudanca | P Fernández | P Igea | 183,000 | [20] [21] |

## Opinion polls

The tables below list opinion polling results in reverse chronological order, showing the most recent first and using the dates when the survey fieldwork was done, as opposed to the date of publication. Where the fieldwork dates are unknown, the date of publication is given instead. The highest percentage figure in each polling survey is displayed with its background shaded in the leading party's colour. If a tie ensues, this is applied to the figures with the highest percentages. The "Lead" column on the right shows the percentage-point difference between the parties with the highest percentages in a poll.

### Voting intention estimates

The table below lists weighted voting intention estimates. Refusals are generally excluded from the party vote percentages, while question wording and the treatment of "don't know" responses and those not intending to vote may vary between polling organisations. When available, seat projections determined by the polling organisations are displayed below (or in place of) the percentages in a smaller font; 41 seats were required for an absolute majority in the Cortes of Castile and León (43 until 10 January 2018).

#### Color key

Poll conducted after legal ban on opinion polls
| Polling firm/Commissioner | Fieldwork date | Sample size | Turnout | | | | | | UPL | | | | Lead |
| 2019 regional election | 26 May 2019 | — | 65.8 | 31.5 29 | 34.8 35 | 5.0 2 | 14.9 12 | 2.3 0 | 2.0 1 | 5.5 1 | – | 0.7 1 | 3.3 |
| ElectoPanel/Electomanía | 22–23 May 2019 | ? | ? | 30.5 30 | 31.7 31 | 8.1 3 | 17.8 15 | 1.4 0 | 1.5 1 | 6.7 1 | – | – | 1.2 |
| ElectoPanel/Electomanía | 21–22 May 2019 | ? | ? | 30.9 30 | 31.8 32 | 7.9 3 | 17.7 14 | 1.5 0 | 1.5 1 | 6.4 1 | – | – | 0.9 |
| ElectoPanel/Electomanía | 20–21 May 2019 | ? | ? | 31.0 30 | 31.7 30 | 7.9 3 | 18.0 16 | 1.5 0 | 1.5 1 | 6.7 1 | – | – | 0.7 |
| ElectoPanel/Electomanía | 19–20 May 2019 | ? | ? | 30.8 30 | 31.5 30 | 7.7 3 | 18.3 16 | 1.4 0 | 1.5 1 | 6.5 1 | – | – | 0.7 |
| KeyData/Público | 19 May 2019 | ? | 68.1 | 27.4 27 | 28.6 31 | 10.6 3 | 16.9 17 | 3.0 0 | ? 0 | 9.7 3 | – | – | 1.2 |
| NC Report/La Razón | 19 May 2019 | ? | ? | 31.4 28/33 | 31.9 28/33 | ? 3/4 | ? 13/16 | ? 0/1 | ? 1 | ? 2/3 | – | – | 0.5 |
| Sigma Dos/El Mundo | 19 May 2019 | ? | ? | 31.2 29/33 | 33.1 29/34 | 7.1 2/3 | 16.4 14 | 1.4 0 | 1.7 1 | 6.0 2 | – | – | 1.9 |
| ElectoPanel/Electomanía | 16–19 May 2019 | ? | ? | 30.4 30 | 31.2 30 | 7.8 3 | 18.4 16 | 1.5 0 | 1.5 1 | 6.7 1 | – | – | 0.8 |
| ElectoPanel/Electomanía | 13–16 May 2019 | ? | ? | 28.9 27 | 29.9 29 | 8.5 4 | 19.1 16 | 2.0 0 | 1.4 1 | 8.4 4 | – | – | 1.0 |
| ElectoPanel/Electomanía | 10–13 May 2019 | ? | ? | 28.9 27 | 29.0 28 | 8.5 3 | 19.1 16 | 2.0 0 | 1.4 1 | 9.0 6 | – | – | 0.1 |
| ElectoPanel/Electomanía | 7–10 May 2019 | ? | ? | 28.1 25 | 28.8 28 | 8.2 3 | 19.3 16 | 2.1 0 | 1.4 1 | 9.6 8 | – | – | 0.7 |
| ElectoPanel/Electomanía | 4–7 May 2019 | ? | ? | 28.0 25 | 29.0 28 | 8.1 3 | 19.5 16 | 2.1 0 | 1.4 1 | 9.8 8 | – | – | 1.0 |
| ElectoPanel/Electomanía | 29 Apr–4 May 2019 | ? | ? | 27.9 25 | 29.1 29 | 7.9 3 | 20.0 17 | 2.3 0 | 1.3 1 | 9.3 6 | – | – | 1.2 |
| April 2019 general election | 28 Apr 2019 | — | 72.9 | 26.0 (24) | 29.8 (28) | | 18.9 (14) | | – | 12.3 (9) | 10.4 (6) | – | 3.8 |
| CIS | 21 Mar–23 Apr 2019 | 1,597 | ? | 30.4 28/29 | 32.9 30/31 | 11.3 8 | 13.9 10/13 | 3.8 0/1 | ? 0/1 | 3.8 0/1 | – | – | 2.5 |
| ElectoPanel/Electomanía | 31 Mar–7 Apr 2019 | ? | ? | 28.8 27 | 29.0 28 | 7.1 3 | 12.8 9 | 2.2 0 | 1.2 1 | 14.1 13 | – | – | 0.2 |
| ElectoPanel/Electomanía | 24–31 Mar 2019 | ? | ? | 28.0 27 | 29.1 27 | 7.0 3 | 12.9 11 | 2.1 0 | 1.1 0 | 14.5 13 | – | – | 1.1 |
| ElectoPanel/Electomanía | 17–24 Mar 2019 | ? | ? | 28.0 27 | 30.8 30 | 6.4 2 | 11.6 8 | 2.2 0 | 1.3 1 | 14.8 13 | – | – | 2.8 |
| ElectoPanel/Electomanía | 10–17 Mar 2019 | ? | ? | 28.0 26 | 29.4 30 | 6.2 2 | 11.2 7 | 2.1 0 | 1.2 1 | 16.8 15 | – | – | 1.4 |
| ElectoPanel/Electomanía | 3–10 Mar 2019 | ? | ? | 27.3 25 | 29.1 28 | | 12.4 9 | | 1.2 1 | 16.6 15 | 8.4 3 | – | 1.8 |
| ElectoPanel/Electomanía | 22 Feb–3 Mar 2019 | ? | ? | 26.7 24 | 29.2 28 | | 12.2 9 | | 1.3 1 | 16.9 16 | 8.5 3 | – | 2.5 |
| Sigma Dos/Ical | 5–12 Feb 2019 | 2,700 | ? | 32.6 31/35 | 27.4 26/28 | 7.1 3 | 15.5 10/13 | 3.3 0/1 | 1.3 0/1 | 9.6 6 | – | – | 5.2 |
| ElectoPanel/Electomanía | 7–18 Jan 2019 | 740 | ? | 26.8 27 | 25.8 24 | | 14.2 13 | | 1.3 1 | 14.9 13 | 8.9 3 | – | 1.0 |
| PSOE | 17 Jan 2019 | ? | ? | 26.0 24 | 29.0 29 | | 12.5 11 | | – | 16.0 14 | 7.0 3 | – | 3.0 |
| Sigma Dos/Ical | 25–29 Jun 2018 | 2,200 | ? | 33.0 31/32 | 29.3 25/26 | | 22.0 17 | | 0.9 0 | – | 10.6 6/8 | – | 3.7 |
| ElectoPanel/Electomanía | 3–7 Jun 2018 | ? | ? | 32.1 32 | 27.9 26 | | 17.6 14 | | 1.4 1 | – | 16.0 11 | – | 4.2 |
| SyM Consulting | 19–22 Mar 2018 | 5,500 | 65.5 | 35.6 32/37 | 25.5 22/29 | 6.2 2/3 | 18.1 14/18 | 6.0 2/3 | 1.1 0/1 | – | – | – | 10.1 |
| 2016 general election | 26 Jun 2016 | — | 68.8 | 44.3 (42) | 23.1 (20) | | 14.2 (10) | | 0.2 (0) | 0.2 (0) | 15.6 (12) | – | 21.2 |
| 2015 general election | 20 Dec 2015 | — | 72.2 | 39.1 (37) | 22.5 (20) | 15.1 (12) | 15.4 (14) | 4.6 (1) | – | 0.3 (0) | – | – | 16.6 |
| 2015 regional election | 24 May 2015 | — | 64.9 | 37.7 42 | 25.9 25 | 12.1 10 | 10.3 5 | 4.1 1 | 1.4 1 | 0.7 0 | – | – | 11.8 |

### Voting preferences

The table below lists raw, unweighted voting preferences.
| Polling firm/Commissioner | Fieldwork date | Sample size | | | | | | UPL | | | | ? | N | Lead |
| 2019 regional election | 26 May 2019 | — | 22.1 | 24.4 | 3.5 | 10.5 | 1.6 | 1.4 | 3.8 | – | 0.5 | — | 29.2 | 2.3 |
| April 2019 general election | 28 Apr 2019 | — | 20.1 | 23.0 | | 14.6 | | – | 9.5 | 8.0 | – | — | 21.8 | 2.9 |
| CIS | 21 Mar–23 Apr 2019 | 1,597 | 18.1 | 19.9 | 3.8 | 5.6 | 1.4 | – | 2.1 | – | – | 36.0 | 10.8 | 1.8 |
| 2016 general election | 26 Jun 2016 | — | 32.1 | 16.8 | | 10.3 | | 0.1 | 0.1 | 11.2 | – | — | 26.7 | 15.3 |
| 2015 general election | 20 Dec 2015 | — | 29.4 | 16.9 | 11.3 | 11.5 | 3.4 | – | 0.2 | – | – | — | 24.1 | 12.5 |
| 2015 regional election | 24 May 2015 | — | 25.5 | 17.5 | 8.2 | 6.9 | 2.8 | 1.0 | 0.5 | – | – | — | 31.0 | 8.0 |

## Results
### Overall

← Summary of the 26 May 2019 Cortes of Castile and León election results → :
| Parties and alliances | Parties and alliances | Popular vote | Popular vote | Popular vote | Seats | Seats |
| Parties and alliances | Parties and alliances | Votes | % | ±pp | Total | +/− |
| | Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) | 479,916 | 34.84 | +8.90 | 35 | +10 |
| | People's Party (PP) | 433,905 | 31.50 | –6.23 | 29 | –13 |
| | Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (Cs) | 205,855 | 14.94 | +4.67 | 12 | +7 |
| | Vox (Vox) | 75,731 | 5.50 | +4.82 | 1 | +1 |
| | We Can–Equo (Podemos–Equo) | 68,869 | 5.00 | –7.14 | 2 | –8 |
| | United Left–Anticapitalists (IU–Anticapitalistas–PCAS/TC–ALTER)$^1$ | 31,580 | 2.29 | –1.86 | 0 | –1 |
| | Leonese People's Union (UPL)$^2$ | 28,057 | 2.04 | +0.49 | 1 | ±0 |
| | For Ávila (XAV) | 9,455 | 0.69 | New | 1 | +1 |
| | Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) | 8,619 | 0.63 | +0.10 | 0 | ±0 |
| | Sorian People's Platform (PPSO) | 3,895 | 0.28 | New | 0 | ±0 |
| | Coalition for El Bierzo (CB) | 3,725 | 0.27 | –0.10 | 0 | ±0 |
| | Decide Now (Ahora Decide)$^3$ | 1,911 | 0.14 | –0.20 | 0 | ±0 |
| | Regionalist Party of El Bierzo (PRB) | 1,602 | 0.12 | +0.07 | 0 | ±0 |
| | Regionalist Party of the Leonese Country (PREPAL) | 1,403 | 0.10 | ±0.00 | 0 | ±0 |
| | With You, We Are Democracy (Contigo) | 1,287 | 0.09 | New | 0 | ±0 |
| | Social Unity of Bierzo Electors (USE Bierzo) | 1,259 | 0.09 | New | 0 | ±0 |
| | Communist Party of the Workers of Spain (PCTE) | 1,001 | 0.07 | New | 0 | ±0 |
| | Regionalist Union of Castile and León (Unión Regionalista)$^4$ | 992 | 0.07 | +0.01 | 0 | ±0 |
| | Democratic Centre Coalition (CCD)$^5$ | 925 | 0.07 | –0.87 | 0 | ±0 |
| | Centered (centrados) | 920 | 0.07 | New | 0 | ±0 |
| | Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE–JONS) | 627 | 0.05 | –0.08 | 0 | ±0 |
| | Ávila Free of Tolls (ÁvilaLP) | 552 | 0.04 | New | 0 | ±0 |
| | Grouped Rural Citizens (CRA) | 472 | 0.03 | –0.09 | 0 | ±0 |
| | Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain (PCPE) | 215 | 0.02 | –0.08 | 0 | ±0 |
| | Tradition and Future (TyF) | 191 | 0.01 | New | 0 | ±0 |
| | For a Fairer World (PUM+J) | 148 | 0.01 | New | 0 | ±0 |
| Blank ballots | Blank ballots | 14,566 | 1.06 | –1.38 | | |
| Total | Total | 1,377,678 | | | 81 | –3 |
| Valid votes | Valid votes | 1,377,678 | 99.01 | +1.08 | | |
| Invalid votes | Invalid votes | 13,824 | 0.99 | –1.08 | | |
| Votes cast / turnout | Votes cast / turnout | 1,391,502 | 65.80 | +1.13 | | |
| Abstentions | Abstentions | 723,309 | 34.20 | –1.13 | | |
| Registered voters | Registered voters | 2,114,811 | | | | |
| Sources |||||||
| Footnotes: $^1$ United Left–Anticapitalists results are compared to the combined totals of United Left–Equo: Convergence for Castile and León and Castilian Party–Commoners' Land: Pact in the 2015 election.$^2$ Leonese People's Union results are compared to the combined totals of Leonese People's Union and Leonese Autonomist Party–Leonesist Unity in the 2015 election.$^3$ Decide Now results are compared to the combined totals of Zamoran Independent Electors and Decide Now–Socialist Alternative in the 2015 election.$^4$ Regionalist Union of Castile and León results are compared to Regionalist Democracy of Castile and León totals in the 2015 election.$^5$ Democratic Centre Coalition results are compared to Independent Candidacy–Citizens of Democratic Centre totals in the 2015 election. |||||||
Popular vote
PSOE
34.84%
PP
31.50%
Cs
14.94%
Vox
5.50%
Podemos–Equo
5.00%
IU–Anticapitalists
2.29%
UPL
2.04%
XAV
0.69%
Others
2.16%
Blank ballots
1.06% :
Seats
PSOE
43.21%
PP
35.80%
Cs
14.81%
Podemos–Equo
2.47%
Vox
1.23%
UPL
1.23%
XAV
1.23% :

### Distribution by constituency

| Constituency | PSOE | PSOE | PP | PP | Cs | Cs | Vox | Vox | Podemos | Podemos | UPL | UPL | XAV | XAV |
| Constituency | % | S | % | S | % | S | % | S | % | S | % | S | % | S |
| Ávila | 28.3 | 2 | 36.1 | 3 | 13.0 | 1 | 5.7 | − | 3.9 | − | | | 9.6 | 1 |
| Burgos | 37.0 | 5 | 28.1 | 3 | 17.3 | 2 | 6.1 | − | 7.2 | 1 | | | | |
| León | 35.2 | 6 | 27.4 | 4 | 11.0 | 1 | 4.2 | − | 5.5 | 1 | 10.2 | 1 | | |
| Palencia | 35.9 | 3 | 34.5 | 3 | 15.1 | 1 | 5.7 | − | 4.6 | − | | | | |
| Salamanca | 33.3 | 4 | 38.5 | 4 | 15.6 | 2 | 4.8 | − | 4.0 | − | 0.3 | − | | |
| Segovia | 33.8 | 3 | 33.5 | 2 | 16.4 | 1 | 5.6 | − | 5.3 | − | | | | |
| Soria | 40.7 | 3 | 27.6 | 2 | 11.3 | − | 4.3 | − | 5.1 | − | | | | |
| Valladolid | 34.7 | 6 | 29.5 | 5 | 17.7 | 3 | 6.9 | 1 | 4.7 | − | | | | |
| Zamora | 36.2 | 3 | 33.8 | 3 | 13.9 | 1 | 5.1 | − | 3.5 | − | 0.7 | − | | |
| Total | 34.8 | 35 | 31.5 | 29 | 14.9 | 12 | 5.5 | 1 | 5.0 | 2 | 2.0 | 1 | 0.7 | 1 |
| Sources |||||||||||||||

## Aftermath

Investiture Alfonso Fernández Mañueco (PP) :
| Ballot → | Ballot → | 9 July 2019 |
| Required majority → | Required majority → | 41 out of 81 Y |
| | Yes • PP (29) • Cs (12) | 41 / 81 |
| | No • PSOE (35) • Podemos (2) • UPL (1) | 38 / 81 |
| | Abstentions • Vox (1) • XAV (1) | 2 / 81 |
| | Absentees | 0 / 81 |
| Sources |||