# Conchillas

Conchillas (Spanish pronunciation:, locally) is a small industrial town located within the Colonia Department, in southwestern Uruguay.

## Geography

The town is located on the coast of Río de la Plata near the stream Arroyo Conchillas, 50 kilometres (31 mi) northwest of Colonia del Sacramento, the capital city of the department, and 40 kilometres (25 mi) southeast of Carmelo.

## History
### Foundation by the Walkers

The town was founded by the English on 24 October 1887. The date is still celebrated locally as 'Walker Day'. It soon became an important place for the exploitation of mineral resources. Thomas A. Walker was an English civil engineering contractor who had the contract to construct new docks at Buenos Aires. No building stone was available nearby to construct the docks and shipping costs by rail were excessive. Walker's solution was a radical one: to construct quarries at Conchillas and to ship the stone across the River Plate to the new dock site. This involved the construction of a whole village, a railway to a loading quay, and a fleet of small ships to carry the stone. Although this would not be the first time that Walker had constructed a new village to support a major construction project, this time he would even create a shipyard at one of his earlier villages, Sudbrook in South Wales, in order to build the ships needed.
Thomas Walker died in 1889. The contracting business became C.H. Walker & Co., although this inheritance to ensure continuity of the ongoing construction projects was complex and legally unique. His nephew, Charles Hay Walker, moved to Conchillas to supervise the work.
The English created a factory, founded two cemeteries, and established an Anglican Church.

#### Casa Evans

John Evans was a ship's cook on one of the Walker vessels. When the ship was lost in the River Plate, he opened a cantina on the shore, feeding the workers. This was successful and he expanded as a provision merchant. This business grew so well that it became a partnership with Walker & Co., who built a large warehouse and shop, which still survives. As was typical practice for contractors and 'company towns', Evans issued their own currency of tokens, which were widely accepted in the surroundings and recognised as legal tender by the Uruguyan government.

### World War II

However, with the outbreak of the Second World War, Conchillas key infrastructure was sold to two Uruguayan entrepreneurs who introduced a series of modifications. Today, the English influence that resulted from the arrival of numerous European settlers is mainly evident in the architecture of Conchillas rather than in the way of life of its inhabitants.

### Post-war

On 21 December 1955, the status of the localities known as "Conchillas y Gil" was elevated to "Pueblo" (village) under the common name "Conchillas" by the Act of Nº Ley 12.254.

## Population

According to the 2011 census, Conchillas had a population of 756.
| Year | Population |
| 1908 | 3,149 |
| 1963 | 825 |
| 1975 | 755 |
| 1985 | 727 |
| 1996 | 784 |
| 2004 | 756 |
| 2011 | 401* |
Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística de Uruguay * In the 2011 census the population of the Pueblo Gil censual area (309 inh.) was counted separately from Conchillas.