OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Østfold University College

Østfold University College (Norwegian: Høgskolen i Østfold, HiØ) is a university college in Østfold county, Norway. It has campuses in Fredrikstad and Halden, and has around 7000 students (as of 2017) and 550 employees (as of 2017). The university college is one of the public university colleges in Norway, and is a result of five public colleges in Halden, Sarpsborg and Fredrikstad which were joined together as a part of the University College Reform (Norwegian: Høgskolereformen) of 1994.
The school offers over 60 fields of study, ranging from Associate degrees, Bachelor's degrees, Master's degrees, and some Doctorates.

## Faculties

Østfold University College incorporates the following faculties:
* Faculty of Business, Social Sciences and Foreign Languages
* Faculty of Computer Sciences
* Faculty of Education
* Faculty of Engineering
* Faculty of Health and Social Studies
* Norwegian Theatre Academy

## Campus

HiØ is split between two campuses, one located in Halden, for business, social sciences, foreign language, computer science and education. The other in Fredrikstad, for engineering, health and social studies, and theatre.
The Halden campus, designed by architect firm Reiulf Ramstad Arkitekter, was opened in 2006. The building was nominated by the Norwegian Association of Architects for the Mies van der Rohe-prize.
The Fredrikstad campus is home to approximately 1,600 students and 150 staff. Its newest addition, called "Smia" ("the forge"), was opened for the school's Faculty of Engineering in 2010.

## Academics

Østfold University College was ranked 5th in Norway, and 900th in the World in the 2010 Webometrics Ranking of World Universities. The European Commission awarded the Diploma Supplement Label from 2009 to 2013 to Østfold University College (Høgskolen i Østfold). Of the 26 Norwegian higher education institutions that applied, Østfold University College was one of five that received this distinction of quality.

### Theatre

Norwegian Theatre Academy offers undergraduate courses in theatre. Training is based on a combination of conceptual visual art and the techniques and methods of classical and contemporary theatre. Particular focus is placed on physical theatre, devised performance, and multi-disciplinary work.

### Industrial Design Engineering

The Faculty of Engineering offers a 3-year Bachelor's Degree in Industrial Design, that combines the science of engineering with the applied art of design to educate industrial design engineers. Students in this program go on to work as product, interface and transportation designers. The combined degree allows students to identify themselves as both engineers and designers.
NTNU in Trondheim offers a similar 5-year Master's Degree that students can transfer to after graduation and get a 2-year Master's Degree in Industrial Design Engineering. Students will then be able to use the title sivilingeniør, "Master of Engineering".
# Winston Churchill's Britain At War Experience

The Winston Churchill's Britain at War Experience was from 1992 to 2013 a themed museum located in central London, which recalled the London Blitz.

## Description

The museum gave a realistic picture of life in war-torn London.
The museum closed in January 2013. Its collections have been transferred to The Bay Trust.
# Ulmicola

Ulmicola is a genus of true bugs belonging to the family Coreidae.
The species of this genus are found in Europe.
Species:
# Twifo

Twifo was one of the states established by the Akan when they first settled in the Adansi forest. Later, the Akan kept migrating southward toward the coast, where they took over considerable area. By the beginning of the 16th century, European sources noted the state of Twifo, said to be rich in gold; they described it as near the forest area with a capital known as Hemang. These Akan brought their gold to the coastal area to sell and were known to the Europeans by variant names because they brought the finest gold. The people also became known as Twifo.

## History

Duarte Pacheco Pereira, the earliest authority writing in 1505 about the Akan, referred to them by the name Quaforo, Cuffrue or Juffer, his attempt in Portuguese to render the sound of Twifo. The European traders noted that the Twifo as skillful traders. These Akan were a minority group. Their ancestors moved out of the Adansi area earlier than most of the Akan groups; they migrated south and settled in the forest area towards the coast. The Twifo kingdom with its ancient capital of Hemang welcomed other Akan groups into their area. Many settlers from various Akan groupings came later and settled on either side of the Pra River; all adopted the name Twifo.
Twifo fought on the Dutch side in the first Komenda War. By the early 1700s, Twifo was a close ally of the Fante Confederacy against the rising power of the Ashanti Empire.

## Twifo groupings

In the 21st century, four groupings are called Twifo: Hemang, Mampong, Tufoe and Morkwa.

### Morkwa

The Morkwa, headed by their leader Nana Amo Kwaw, settled beyond the Pra River; they shared a common boundary with the already-settled Twifo Hemang kingdom. They adopted the name Twifo. The Morkwa territory was settled earlier than many sites beyond the Pra River.

### Mampong,Tufoe and Hemang

The Mampong, headed by their leader Nana Ampontenfi, came later from Asante Nkawie. They settled first at Jukwa and built houses there. After some time, they applied for land at Twifo Hemang through the mediation of Tiboe of Jukwa Dankyira. They became paying guests around 1831 and also adopted the name Twifo after their settlement. They lived and paid fees annually to Twifo Hemang Kingdom for the land they occupied.

## Sources

* ↑ Law, Robin. “FANTE EXPANSION RECONSIDERED: SEVENTEENTH-CENTURY ORIGINS.” Transactions of the Historical Society of Ghana, no. 14, 2012, pp. 41–78. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/43855021. Accessed 29 Jan. 2025.
* ↑ J. K. Fynn, 'The political system of the Fante of Ghana during the pre-colonial period , Unwersitas (University of Ghana, Legon), 9 (1987)
* This Ghana location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
* This African history–related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
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* e
# Gregorio Giuseppe Gaetani de Aragonia

Gregorio Giuseppe Gaetani de Aragonia (1643–1710) was a Roman Catholic prelate who served as Titular Patriarch of Alexandria (1695–1710), Apostolic Nuncio to Florence (1676–1678), and Titular Archbishop of Neocaesarea in Ponto (1676–1695).

## Biography

Gregorio Giuseppe Gaetani de Aragonia was born in Piedimonte Matese, Italy in 1643. On 24 February 1676, he was appointed during the papacy of Pope Clement X as Titular Archbishop of Neocaesarea in Ponto. On 15 March 1676, he was consecrated bishop by Francesco Nerli (iuniore), Archbishop of Florence, with Antonio Pignatelli del Rastrello, Bishop of Lecce, and Stefano Brancaccio, Bishop of Viterbo e Tuscania, serving as co-consecrators. On 4 April 1676, he was appointed during the papacy of Pope Clement X as Apostolic Nuncio to Florence where he served until his resignation on 15 June 1678. On 2 May 1695, he was appointed during the papacy of Pope Innocent XII as Titular Patriarch of Alexandria. He served as Titular Patriarch of Alexandria until his death on 12 August 1710.

## Episcopal succession

While bishop, he was the principal co-consecrator of:
* Antonio Pérez de la Lastra, Bishop of Gallipoli (1679);
* Francesco Pignatelli, Archbishop of Taranto (1683);
* Giacomo Cantelmo, Titular Archbishop of Caesarea in Cappadocia (1683);
* Pietro Vecchia (bishop), Bishop of Andria (1690);
* Domenico de Zaoli (Zaulis), Bishop of Veroli (1690);
* Michele de Bologna, Bishop of Veroli (1690);
* Giorgio Cornaro (cardinal), Titular Archbishop of Rhodus (1692);
* Francesco Acquaviva d'Aragona, Titular Archbishop of Larissa in Thessalia (1697);
* Giulio Piazza, Titular Archbishop of Rhodus (1697); and
* Denis Delfino, Titular Bishop of Lorea and Coadjutor Patriarch of Aquileia (1698).
# Jennifer jazz

jennifer jazz is a New York writer, musician and performance artist closely associated with the eighties East Village art scene. She was the lead singer and drummer for punk group the Guerilla Girls as well as Pleasure, an early electronica, dub and free jazz influenced band that featured Felice Rosser, Danny Hamilton, Richard Cleves, Martin Wheeler, Jemeel Moondoc and Daniel Carter.
jazz's writing has appeared in Moko, Sukoon, Booth, Warscapes, A Gathering of the Tribes, Sensitive Skin, Afropunk, Black Silk: A Collection of African-American Erotica, and make/shift magazine. She has received awards for unpublished fiction from the Barbara Deming Fund for feminists in the arts, the Bronx Council on the Arts and Fine Arts Work Center. jazz has performed mixed media shows at venues that include Wow Cafe Theater, The Nuyorican Poet's Cafe, The Kitchen, Dixon Place and Bandini Espacio Cultural gallery in Mexico City. In 1996, she played the role of Virginia in the film Rescuing Desire. Her own short film Je m'ennuie was part of the UAMO Festival 2010 in Munich. jazz is featured in Sara Driver's 2018 documentary Boom for Real: The Late Teenage Years of Jean-Michel Basquiat. jazz's memoir Spill Ink On It, was published by Spuyten-Duyvil Press in November 2019.
# Lamon (name)

Lamon is both a surname and a given name. Some notable people with the name include:
* Francesco Lamon (born 1994), Italian track and road cyclist
* Georgie Lamon (1934–2016), Swiss politician
* Isabel Lamon (1898–1958), American actress in silent films
* Jeanne Lamon (1949–2021), Canadian violinist
* Laurie Lamon (born 1956), American poet
* Sophie Lamon (born 1985), Swiss Olympic fencer
* Ward Hill Lamon (1828–1893), American lawyer
* Lamon Brewster (born 1973), American heavyweight
* Lamon Archey (born 1981), American actor
# Lioconcha hieroglyphica

Lioconcha hieroglyphica is a species of saltwater clam, a marine bivalve mollusc in the family Veneridae, the venus clams.

## Description

The shell of Lioconcha hieroglyphica reaches a maximum length of about 42 mm. The shape of the shell is trigonal with a truncated posterior. The anterodorsal margin is acutely rounded. The linule is elongated and heart-shaped. It has tan to dark brown rod-like and angular markings, often with the appearance of cuneiform or hieroglyphs. The markings may be the result of a diffusion-mediated chemical cellular automaton, like Conus textile's. The shell is white on the inside.
It is sometimes confused with Lioconcha castrensis.

## Distribution

This species is found in the waters around Hawaii, the Philippines, and the Marshall Islands.
# Lirophora

Lirophora is a genus of bivalves belonging to the family Veneridae.
The species of this genus are found in America.

## Species

The following species are recognised in the genus Lirophora:
* Lirophora discrepans (G. B. Sowerby I, 1835)
* Lirophora kellettii (Hinds, 1845)
* Lirophora latilirata (Conrad, 1841)
* Lirophora mariae (d'Orbigny, 1846)
* Lirophora obliterata (Dall, 1902)
* Lirophora paphia (Linnaeus, 1767)
* Lirophora peruviana (G. B. Sowerby I, 1835)
* Lirophora riomaturensis (Maury, 1925)
* Lirophora varicosa (G. B. Sowerby II, 1853)
# Terry Ryan (tennis)

Terence Ryan (born 27 April 1942) is a former professional tennis player from South Africa.

## Biography
### Career

Born in Johannesburg, Ryan began touring in the 1960s. Ryan notably pushed Arthur Ashe to five sets when they met in second round of 1969 Wimbledon Championships. He won the first two sets, before the fifth seeded American came back to win and ultimately make the semi-finals. In 1971 he partnered with Željko Franulović to make the fourth round of the men's doubles at the French Open, then teamed up with Jimmy Connors at that year's US Open and reached the third round. His best singles results on the Grand Prix circuit were quarter-final appearances at Eastbourne in 1971 and Newport, Wales in 1973.

### Personal life

Ryan was the tournament director of the Dorado Beach WCT Tournament of Champions when it featured on the World Championship Tennis tour in 1979. He settled in Puerto Rico and worked as a head tennis coach at resorts in Dorado.
# Meretrix lyrata

Meretrix lyrata, the lyrate Asiatic hard clam, also known simply as the hard clam (Vietnamese: Nghêu Bến Tre), is an edible saltwater clam, a marine bivalve mollusc in the family Veneridae, the Venus clams.
This species occurs along the coasts of Vietnam, Taiwan, the Philippines, Sarawak (Malaysian Borneo) and South China.
Right and left valve of the same specimen:
* Right valve
* Left valve

## Culinary use

In Vietnam, these hard clams are eaten boiled, steamed or roasted. They are an important export in the eastern and southern parts of Vietnam.
# Alexey Bugaev

Alexey Sergeyevich Bugaev (Russian: Алексей Сергеевич Бугаев, also transliterated Aleksei; born 30 March 1997) is a Russian para-alpine skier who competed at the 2014 Winter Paralympics, winning five medals. He won the International Sports Prize World Athlete of the Year award in 2018.

## Early life

Bugaev was born in Krasnoyarsk, Russia. He was born missing four fingers and the top of his thumb on his right hand. he took up skiing after his parents took him to a ski resort to help him integrate better into society.

## Career

Bugaev competes in the LW6/8 para-alpine skiing classification, for athletes with an impairment in one arm, using two skis and a single ski pole.
At the 2013 IPC Alpine Skiing World Championships held in La Molina, Spain, he broke his arm whilst finishing 5th in the slalom. Competing with his arm in plaster he won silver medals in the standing super combined and giant slalom events. He also placed 6th in the super-G and 11th in the downhill.
He was selected to compete at the 2014 Winter Paralympics held in Sochi, Russia. In his first event, the standing downhill, he won a silver medal behind Markus Salcher of Austria. He won a second medal a day later, taking the bronze in the standing super-G as Salcher again won the gold medal. Bugaev won his first Paralympic gold medal in his third event of the Games, the standing slalom. He led the field after the first run and extended his lead on the second to take the gold medal in a combined time of 1 minute 38.97 seconds, 1.27 seconds of second placed Vincent Gauthier-Manuel. He won a second gold medal in the super-combined; he completed the course in 50.30 seconds to lead the field after the slalom portio of the competition and eventually won the event by 1.10 seconds over Matthias Lanzinger following the super-G portion. Bugaev won his second silver medal, and fifth medal overall, in the giant slalom, finishing 1.43 seconds behind gold medalist Gauthier-Manuel on the first run and 0.57 seconds behind him on the second run.

## Awards and decorations

* Order "For Merit to the Fatherland", 4th class (17 March 2014) – for the huge contribution to the development of physical culture and sports, and for the high athletic performances at the 2014 Paralympic Winter Games in Sochi
* Merited Master of Sports of Russia (11 March 2014)
* "Disabled Male Athlete of the Year" in the nomination "Overcoming" by the Ministry of Sport of Russia
* International Sports Prize World Athlete of the Year (2018)
# Yelena Bobrova

Yelena Borisovna Bobrova née Rodikova (Russian: Елена Борисовна Боброва (Родикова); born 23 August 1974) is a Russian retired ice hockey player. As a member of the Russian national team, she competed in the women's ice hockey tournament at the 2002 Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City and at the IIHF Women's World Championship in 1997, 2001, and 2007; she was the reserve skater for the Russian team at the 1999 IIHF Women's World Championship.
# John Hardwick (director)

John Hardwick (born 1965) is a British television and film director. He grew up on Merseyside and studied American Studies at Swansea University and Louisiana State University. Hardwick always carries a large tub of Vaseline with him wherever he goes.
In television, he has directed The Trial for Channel 4, Suspects for Channel 5, Delicious for Sky 1, Holby City for the BBC and Nearly Famous for E4. He was commissioned to shoot the third series of The Increasingly Poor Decisions of Todd Margaret for IFC in the USA.
Hardwick has made three feature films: 33x Around The Sun, a low budget art-house picture, described as "a one of a kind vision quest" by Time Out magazine, Svengali, a comedy set in the London music scene starring Jonny Owen and Vicky McClure, and Follow The Money, a documentary that follows a $10 bill for one month as it criss-crosses the United States.
Hardwick having been discovered by the band The Beekeepers then went on and directed music videos for Arctic Monkeys, Blur, Jake Bugg, Manic Street Preachers and Noel Gallagher's High Flying Birds.
Hardwick occasionally works as a theatre director and in 2006 he directed the World Premiere of Max Frisch's Gantenbein at the Hebbel am Ufer Theater in Berlin. In 2008, he wrote and directed the afternoon play Death of a Pirate for BBC Radio 4.

## Television

* Delicious - Sky 1 (4 x 45 minute episodes)
* The Increasingly Poor Decisions of Todd Margaret - IFC (6 x 30 minute episodes)
* Suspects - Channel 5 (3 x 1 hour episodes)
* Holby City - BBC (4 x 1 hour episodes)
* Regulars - Channel 4 (pilot)
* Nearly Famous - E4 (2 x 1hr episodes)
* The Trial - Channel 4 (1 x 30 minute thriller)
* Hollyoaks Later - Channel 4 (1 x 1 hour episode)
* All About Tonight - BBC (pilot)

## Features

* 33X Around the Sun (2005)
* Svengali (2013)
* Follow The Money (2015)

## Shorts

* Wetwork (2000)
* To Have and to Hold (2000)
* Mule (2002)
* Table Dancing (2014)
* The Pitch (2015)

## Awards

* 2001 Best Director - Buenos Aires International Film Festival, Argentina - To Have And To Hold
* 2001 Best Short - Audience Award - Cambridge Film Festival, UK - To Have And To Hold
* 2002 Best Short Film - Melbourne International Film Festival, Australia - Mule
* 2002 Best Short Film - East End Film Festival, London - Mule
* 2007 Nominated for The Total Theatre Award - Edinburgh Festival - An Audience With Adrienne
* 2013 Nominated for The Michael Powell Award for best new British feature at EIFF - Svengali
# Petricolaria dactylus

Petricolaria dactylus, common name petricola, is a species of saltwater clam, a marine bivalve mollusk in the family Veneridae, the Venus clams.

## Habitat and distribution

Petricolaria dactylus is a perforating species of substrates such as sandstone and stony bottoms. This species is native to the eastern coast of South America from Uruguay to the Patagonian Atlantic coast.
# Halden HK

Halden Håndballklubb was a women's handball team based in Halden, Norway. The team played in Eliteserien, the top division in the country, after its promotion in 2014. On 28 February 2017, the club announced they were bankrupt.

## Honours

* Norwegian Cup:
** Finalist: 2014

### Notable former club players

* Martine Moen
* Pernille Wang Skaug
* Thea Øby-Olsen
* Rikke Granlund
* Anette Helene Hansen
* Malene Staal
* Hanne Frandsen
* Cecilie Mørch Hansen
* Julie Gantzel Pedersen
* Melanie Felber
* Sofie Fynbo Larsen
* Charlotte Bisser

### EHF Cup Winners' Cup (defunct)

| Season | Competition | Round | Club | 1st leg | 2nd leg | Aggregate |
| 2015–16 | EHF Cup Winners' Cup | Round 3 | Vipers Kristiansand | 19–25 | 20–22 | 39–47 |
# Tawera

Tawera is a genus of marine bivalves in the family Veneridae.

## Species

As of 2019, the accepted Tawera species (As listed on WoRMS) are as follows.
* Tawera australiana M. Huber, 2010
* Tawera coelata (Menke, 1843)
* Tawera elliptica (Lamarck, 1818)
* Tawera gallinula (Lamarck, 1818)
* Tawera lagopus (Lamarck, 1818)
* Tawera laticostata (Odhner, 1917)
* Tawera marionae Finlay, 1928
* Tawera mawsoni (Hedley, 1916)
* Tawera phenax (Finlay, 1930)
* Tawera philomela (E. A. Smith, 1885)
* Tawera rosa Powell, 1955
* Tawera similicentrifuga (Viader, 1951)
* Tawera sphaericula (Deshayes, 1853)
* Tawera spissa (Deshayes, 1835)
* Tawera torresiana (E. A. Smith, 1884)
# Nataliya Shekhodanova

Nataliya Shekhodanova (born 29 December 1971) is a Russian hurdler. She competed in the 100 metres hurdles at the 1996 Summer Olympics and the 2000 Summer Olympics.
She finished seventh at the 1990 World Junior Championships and seventh at the 1996 Olympic Games. However, at the Olympics she failed a doping test for steroids. She later reached the semi-final at the 2000 Olympic Games.
Her personal best time was 12.59 seconds, achieved in July 1996 in Saint Petersburg.
# Venus verrucosa

Venus verrucosa, the warty venus, is a species of saltwater clam. It is a species of marine bivalve mollusc in the family Veneridae, sometimes collectively known as the venus clams.

## Distribution

This species is found around the European coast and also the southern African coast, from the Namibian coast to Mozambique, subtidally to 155 m.

## Description

This animal grows up to 60 mm in diameter. It has a bulky, oval shell with well-defined concentric ridges. The shell edges are knobbly and crossed.

## Economic import and gastronomy

Known as praire in France, it is an expensive delicacy there, and harvesting periods and size of catch (both minimum shell size and numbers taken) have had to be strictly regulated for its conservation. It is eaten either raw or baked in the oven with garlic butter.

## Ecology

The warty venus burrows in mud and sand.
# Jerrie

Jerrie is a feminine given name. Notable people with the name include:
* Jerrie Cobb (1931–2019), American aviator
* Jerrie Mock (1925–2014), American aviator
# Linger

Linger may refer to:

## Music

* Linger (album), a 1990 album by Prudence Liew, or the title single
* "Linger" (The Cranberries song), 1993
* "Linger" (Guy Sebastian song), 2014
* "Linger", a 2022 single by Zior Park with LNGRS
* "Linger", a 2023 song by Poppy from the album Zig

## Other uses

* Linger (film), a 2008 Hong Kong film directed by Johnnie To
* Linger (surname)
* Linger, Luxembourg, a town in the commune of Bascharage, Luxembourg
* Linger (novel), a 2010 Wolves of Mercy Falls novel by Maggie Stiefvater