# List of endemic birds of Japan

This article is one of a series providing information about endemism among birds in the world's various zoogeographic zones. For an overview of this subject see Endemism in birds.

## Patterns of endemism

Japan has no endemic families. It has one endemic genus: Apalopteron, which contains the Bonin white-eye. The extinct Bonin grosbeak was formerly considered the only member of the genus Chaunoproctus, but taxonomic analysis supports it as being a basal member of the rosefinch genus Carpodacus.

## Endemic Bird Areas

Birdlife International has defined the following Endemic Bird Areas (EBAs) in Japan:
* Izu Islands
* Ogasawara Islands
* Nansei Shoto
The following have been designated as secondary areas:
* Central Honshu lowland forests
* Central Honshu montane forests
* Iwo Islands
* Other islands

## List of species

The following is a list of bird species endemic to Japan:

### Resident endemics

| Common name | Binomial | Family | Distribution | Notes |
| Copper pheasant | Syrmaticus soemmerringii | Phasianidae | Honshu, Kyushu, and Shikoku | |
| Green pheasant | Phasianus versicolor | Phasianidae | Honshu, Kyushu, and Shikoku | Introduced to Hawaii. National bird of Japan. |
| Japanese woodpecker | Picus awokera | Picidae | Honshu and Kyushu | |
| Okinawa woodpecker | Dendrocopos noguchii | Picidae | Okinawa | |
| Amami woodpecker | Dendrocopos (leucotos) owstoni | Picidae | Amami Ōshima | Generally considered a subspecies of the white-backed woodpecker, but some consider it distinct. |
| Bonin wood pigeon | Columba versicolor | Columbidae | Nakodo-jima and Chichi-jima in the Bonin Islands | Last seen in 1889. |
| Ryukyu wood pigeon | Columba jouyi | Columbidae | Various islets throughout the Ryukyu Islands | Last reliably seen in 1936. |
| Ryukyu green pigeon | Treron permagnus permagnus/medioximus | Columbidae | Permagnus: Yakushima, Amami-Oshima, Okinawa Medioximus: Ishigaki, Iriomote, Yonaguni | |
| Okinawa rail | Gallirallus okinawae | Rallidae | Okinawa | |
| Amami woodcock | Scolopax mira | Scolopacidae | Amami Oshima, Okinawa and Tokunoshima | |
| Lidth's jay | Garrulus lidthi | Corvidae | Amami Ōshima and Tokunoshima | |
| Ryukyu minivet | Pericrocotus tegimae | Campephagidae | Formerly the Ryukyu Islands, though have recently self-colonized Kyushu, Shikoku, and Honshu | |
| Owston's tit | Sittiparus owstoni | Paridae | Miyakejima, Mikurajima and Hachijojima | |
| Iriomote tit | Sittiparus olivaceus | Paridae | Yaeyama Islands | |
| Bonin thrush | Zoothera terrestris | Turdidae | Chichijima in the Ogasawara Islands | Last seen in 1828. |
| Izu thrush | Turdus celaenops | Turdidae | Izu and Tokara Islands | |
| Izu robin | Larvivora (akahige) tanensis | Muscicapidae | Izu Islands | Generally considered a subspecies of the Japanese robin, but some consider it distinct. |
| Ryukyu robin | Larvivora komadori | Muscicapidae | Tokara Islands, Tanegashima, Okinoerabujima, Tokunoshima | |
| Okinawa robin | Larvivora namiyei | Muscicapidae | Okinawa | |
| Ryukyu flycatcher | Ficedula owstoni | Muscicapidae | Ryukyu Islands | |
| Bonin white-eye | Apalopteron familiare | Zosteropidae | Hahajima formerly throughout Bonin | |
| Bonin grosbeak | Carpodacus ferreorostris | Fringillidae | Chichijima in the Ogasawara Islands | Last reported in 1828. |
| Bonin greenfinch | Chloris kittlitzi | Fringillidae | Hahajima and South Iwo Jima | |

### Breeding endemics

| Common name | Binomial | Family | Distribution |
| Matsudaira's storm-petrel | Oceanodroma matsudairae | Hydrobatidae | Volcano Islands (breeding), Indian Ocean (wintering) |
| Short-tailed albatross | Phoebastria albatrus | Diomedeidae | Senkaku Islands, Muko-jima, and Tori-shima (breeding), broader Pacific Ocean (wintering). Extirpated as a breeder on most of the other Bonin Islands as well as the non-Japanese Marshall Islands. Also formerly bred on Bermuda in prehistoric times. |
| Bryan's shearwater | Puffinus bryani | Procellaridae | Bonin Islands (breeding), Pacific Ocean around the Hawaiian Islands (wintering). |
| Bannerman's shearwater | Puffinus bannermani | Procellaridae | Volcano Islands (breeding), Pacific Ocean around Ogasawara Group (wintering) |
| Ijima's leaf-warbler | Phylloscopus ijimae | Phylloscopidae | Izu Islands and Tokara Islands (breeding), Honshu, Kyushu, Nansei-shoto, the Philippines, and Taiwan (wintering) |
| Japanese leaf warbler | Phylloscopus xanthodryas | Phylloscopidae | All of Japan except Hokkaido (breeding), Taiwan and Southeast Asia (wintering) |
| Yellow bunting | Emberiza sulphurata | Emberizidae | Northern Japan barring Hokkaido (breeding), southern Japan, Taiwan, and the Philippines (wintering) |