OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Luis Ponce de León (governor of New Spain)

Luis Ponce de León (c. 1461 - July 20, 1526) was a Spanish judge and briefly the governor of New Spain, from July 4, 1526, to July 16, 1526.

## Biography

Luis Ponce de León was an educated man and a knight of Cordoba. He was a friend and aide of the corregidor of Toledo, Martín de Córdoba, conde de Alcaudete.
Ponce's appointment came in 1525 after news about serious difficulties in New Spain began reaching the court of Charles I of Spain and the Council of the Indies. In 1524 Hernán Cortés had learned of the rebellion of Cristóbal de Olid in Honduras and abandoned his governorship of New Spain to treasury officials to head to Honduras. During his absence the governorship was chaotically shared among rival pro-Cortés and anti-Cortés factions in the treasury. Eventually rumors arrived in Mexico City and in Spain that Cortés had died along the way to Honduras. King Charles I ordered a juicio de residencia (a commission of inquiry) to investigate Cortés and ascertain the true situation in the colony, and the state of the interim government.
To carry out these orders, Charles named Luis Ponce de León as judge of the residencia and governor of New Spain, at an annual salary of 3,000 ducats of gold. Ponce de León sailed from Sanlúcar de Barrameda on February 2, 1526. In May, Cortés returned to Mexico City and resumed his governorship. Ponce was detained in Hispaniola until May 31, 1526, for repairs to his ship, arriving in Mexico City in June, He presented himself to the ayuntamiento (city government) on July 5, 1526. He carried with him the decree from Toledo dated November 4, 1525 granting him the powers, and Cortés stepped aside to honor the royal decree.
Ponce de León left all the officials of the ayuntamiento in their positions. He was about 65 years old and ill with fever contracted on his arrival in Veracruz. The fever had continued through the 12-day journey to the capital and did not let up even after his arrival there. After taking office, he retired from public occupations and soon died. Before his death he turned over his functions to Marcos de Aguilar, his assistant who had accompanied him to the colony. Aguilar also had a royal appointment. He took over the government on July 16, 1526.
Four days later Ponce de León died. He was interred in the first parish church in Mexico City, facing the Plaza Mayor. Aguilar, also aged, died just over seven months later. Cortés was suspected of poisoning the two royal officials.
# Murray Loudon

Murray Clarke Loudon MBE (29 October 1931 – 30 January 2019) was a New Zealand field hockey player. He represented New Zealand in field hockey between 1954 and 1956, including at the 1956 Olympic Games in Melbourne.
Loudon studied at the University of Otago, graduating with a Bachelor of Dental Surgery with commendation in 1954. In the 1991 New Year Honours, he was appointed a Member of the Order of the British Empire, for services to the dental profession and the community. He died on 30 January 2019.
# 2023 in Tunisia

Events in the year 2023 in Tunisia.

## Incumbents

* President: Kais Saied
* Prime Minister:
** Najla Bouden (until August 2, 2023)
** Ahmed Hachani (from August 2, 2023)
* President of the Assembly of the Representatives by the People: Ibrahim Bouderbala
* Government:
** Bouden Cabinet (until August 2, 2023)
** Hachani Cabinet (from August 2, 2023)

## Events

* 6 January - Fadhila Rebhi is sacked as Minister of Trade and Export Development.
* 7 January - Five people are killed and ten others are missing after a boat carrying migrants sinks off the coast of Tunisia.
* 29 January - Second round of the Tunisian parliamentary election: Tunisians elect the members of the third Assembly of the Representatives of the People in a run-off. The electoral board reports a voter turnout of 11.3 percent as most opposition parties boycott the election.
* 21 February - Kais Saied's hate speech against Black African migrants.
* 9 March - Fourteen people are killed and 54 others are rescued after a boat carrying migrants sinks off the coast of Tunisia.
* 23 March - 2023 Tunisia migrant boat disaster: Five people are killed when migrant boats sink off the coast of Sfax.
* 26 March - At least 29 sub-Saharan Africans are killed when two boats sink off the coast.
* 2 August - Tunisian President Kais Saied appoints Ahmed Hachani as prime minister after dismissing Najla Bouden, the first female prime minister in the Arab world, from the role.
* 9 August - 2023 Tunisia migrant boat disasters: Forty-one people are killed when a boat carrying 45 migrants from Sfax, Tunisia, capsizes and sinks in the Mediterranean Sea off the coast of Lampedusa, Italy.
* 14 August - Five people are killed and seven others missing after a boat carrying 35 migrants from Sfax, sinks in the Mediterranean Sea.
* 17 October - Kaïs Saïed asked Minister of Finance Sihem Boughdiri to assume the portfolio of interim Minister of Economy and Planning following the dismissal of Samir Saïed from the position.
* 16 December - Three people are killed and two others injured when a wall of the Gate of Floggers collapses while it is being renovated in Kairouan.

## Sports

* 2022–23 Tunisian Ligue Professionnelle 1
* 2022–23 Espérance Sportive de Tunis season
# Ferd Dreher

Ferdinand "Ferd" Adolphus Dreher (February 23, 1913 – December 28, 1996) was an American football end who played one season with the Chicago Bears of the National Football League (NFL). He was selected by the Bears in the twelfth round of the 1938 NFL draft. He played college football at the University of Denver and attended Jonesboro High School in Jonesboro, Arkansas.

## College career

Dreher lettered in football for the Denver Pioneers from 1936 to 1937, earning two first-team all-conference awards. He recorded a team-high 30 points in 1936 and a second-best 35 points in 1937. He played basketball for the Pioneers from 1937 to 1938, helping the 1937 team to a 14–6 record while earning All-Rocky Mountain Conference honorable mention honors and also garnering third-team All-Skyline Conference accolades in 1938. Dreher also participated in track and field, winning the conference championships in the discus and shot put in 1937 and 1938. He played baseball in 1937. He earned seven letters as a Pioneer, two each in football, basketball and track while also earning one in baseball. Dreher was named the University of Denver Athlete of the Decade for the 1930s in May 1966. He was inducted into the University of Denver Athletics Hall of Fame in 2003.

## Professional career

Dreher was selected by the Chicago Bears of the NFL with the 110th (and final) pick in the 1938 NFL draft. He played in three games for the Bears during the 1938 season, recording 69 yards and one touchdown on three receptions.
# 2023 Shovi landslide

On 3 August 2023 at approximately 16:00 local time, a landslide occurred in the mountain resort of Shovi in Georgia's Oni Municipality, at the southern foothills of the Greater Caucasus mountains. It resulted in at least 32 deaths and destroyed much of the resort's infrastructure.

## Reasons

The disaster occurred during a summer season when the popular resort of Shovi in Georgia's northwestern highland province of Racha is frequented by tourists. According to a preliminary report by Georgia's National Environmental Agency released six days after the incident, satellite data showed a 500,000 cubic meter rock mass collapse near the Buba glacier in the Bubistsqali river gorge. This resulted in a 62-hectare glacial fragmentation and the release of subglacial waters. Data from the area's meteorological station and radar did not record intense rainfall during that time.
On 1 August 2024, the Institute of Earth Sciences and the National Seismic Monitoring Center of Ilia State University released their new findings, according to which the landslide occurred on the steep slope southeast of the Tbilisa glacier (3850 meters above sea level), bringing about the collision of about one million m$^3$ of material with the glacier. The report concluded that had an early warning system been in place, an alarm could have been sounded approximately 2 hours before the disaster, providing more time to evacuate the area.

## Landslide

The landslide hit Shovi on 3 August around 16:00 local time, burying parts of the resort under several meters of mud and carrying away roads, bridges, and vehicles. Shortly after the first reports of the disaster emerged, emergency services and police units, with Border Guard helicopters, were dispatched to the area, followed by the Georgian Defense Forces personnel on 4 August. More than 200 people were evacuated from the disaster zone in the aftermath. The rescue and clearing efforts continued for several weeks, with more than 800 emergency workers and Defense Forces personnel involved. 32 bodies were recovered and one person was reported missing. During the rescue works, a National Guard employee and a police major died, both due to health-related issues.

## Reactions

Immediately after the incident, the government of Georgia came under criticism from the opposition, civil society activists, and some survivors for alleged delayed rescue efforts, lack of effective measures, and failure to acquire a rescue helicopter with night vision equipment and to install early warning systems in the high-risk area such as Shovi. The government officials rejected the claims, sometimes controversially questioning stories of the survivors. The Ministry of Internal Affairs launched an official investigation into the circumstances around the landslide.
# Nangal Buttar

Nangal Buttar is a village in Batala in Gurdaspur district of Punjab State, India. It is located 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) from sub district headquarter, 40 kilometres (25 mi) from district headquarter and 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) from Sri Hargobindpur. The village is administrated by Sarpanch, an elected representative of the village.

## Demography

As of 2011, The village has a total number of 221 houses and a population of 1047, of which 540 are males and 507 are females. According to the report published by Census India in 2011, out of the total population of the village 478 people are from Schedule Caste and the village does not have any Schedule Tribe population so far.
# Christian Yeung

Christian Yeung (born November 6, 1987) is an American actor and former basketball player from Los Angeles. As an NCAA Division I men's basketball player, he played for the UC Riverside Highlanders from 2005 to 2006. He also played for the Dorados de Chihuahua from 2013 to 2014. After his basketball career, he became an actor and has appeared in television series such as Westworld (2020).

## Early life and education

Christian Yeung was born in West Covina, California. His father is of Chinese descent, while his mother was born in Michoacán, Mexico.
He graduated from West Covina High School in 2005, and attended the University of California, Riverside from 2005 to 2009. At UC Riverside, Yeung studied theater and business administration.

## Career

As a basketball athlete, Yeung was often referred to by his fans as "The Dragon." He played for the UC Riverside Highlanders from 2005–2006. He also won first place in the Los Angeles Red Bull King of the Rock qualifier in 2010.
After graduating from UC Riverside, Yeung played for the Dorados de Chihuahua, as well as for a basketball team in Fujian, China.
After his basketball career, Yeung became an actor. He has appeared in various television series, including Westworld.

## Filmography

* Westworld (2020)
* The Walk (2020)
# Godiva (disambiguation)

Godiva or Lady Godiva was an Anglo-Saxon noblewoman who, according to legend, rode naked through the streets of Coventry, in England, in order to gain a remission of the oppressive taxation imposed by her husband on his tenants.
Godiva or Lady Godiva may also refer to:

## Arts and entertainment

Films and television
* Lady Godiva (1911 film), an American silent historical drama film
* Lady Godiva (1921 film), a German silent historical drama film
* Lady Godiva (2008 film), a British romantic comedy film
* Godiva's, a Canadian television series depicting a small restaurant in Vancouver
Music
* Godiva's Hymn, traditional drinking song for engineers
* Godiva Festival, an annual festival of pop music held in July in the War Memorial Park, Coventry, England
* Godiva (album), a 2003 album by Godiva
* "Lady Godiva" (song), a 1966 song by Peter and Gordon, notably covered by Alex Day
* "Godiva", a song by Heaven Shall Burn from the 2013 album Veto
Other arts
* Godiva (comics), the name of three DC Comics characters
* "Godiva" (poem), an 1842 poem by Alfred Tennyson
* Lady Godiva (Lefebvre), an 1890 painting by Jules Joseph Lefebvre
* Lady Godiva (painting), an 1898 painting by John Collier

## Others

* Godiva (gastropod), a genus of nudibranchs (sea slugs)
* Godiva (horse), a racehorse
* 3018 Godiva, an asteroid
* Godiva Chocolatier, a chocolate maker
* Godiva device, an experimental nuclear reactor at the Los Alamos National Laboratory that caused a criticality accident in 1954
* Kohm Lady Godiva, a 1980s United States human-powered aircraft
# Joseph Sullivan (rower)

Joseph Sullivan MNZM (born 11 April 1987) is a New Zealand rower.
As a student at Queen Charlotte College in Picton, Sullivan competed at the 2003, 2004 and 2005 national secondary school rowing championships (Maadi Cup). He was a member of the crews that won the boys under-18 double sculls for the school three years running, and won the boys under-18 single sculls events in 2004 and 2005. In his home town, he is known as "the pride of Picton".
He won back-to-back gold medals in the men's double sculls with rowing partner Nathan Cohen at both the 2010 (at Lake Karapiro, by six hundredths of a second over Germans Hans Gruhne and Stephan Krüger) and 2011 World Rowing Championships (in Slovenia). It was the first gold medal win for a New Zealand premier double sculls combination at the world championships.
At the 2012 Summer Olympics at Eton Dorney, Windsor, Sullivan and rowing partner Nathan Cohen won the gold medal in the men's double scull event. They broke the Olympic best time in the heats.
In the finals they were in last place at the 500 m mark, in fifth place at the 1000 m mark, in fourth at the 1500 m mark, and then sprinted as the line approached to take first for the victory, with a last quarter of 1:33. They won with a time of 6 minutes, 31.67 seconds. They finished ahead of the Italy's Alessio Sartori and Romano Battisti by 1:13 seconds, and Slovenian 2000 Olympic champions and 2004 silver medalists Luka Špik and Iztok Čop came in third. Sullivan and Cohen were awarded a Halberg Award for "New Zealand's Favourite Sporting Moment".
Sullivan won five consecutive world titles at U23 and Elite World Rowing Championships. In the 2013 New Year Honours, Sullivan was appointed a Member of the New Zealand Order of Merit for services to rowing.
In June 2014, Sullivan announced he was retiring from rowing in order to pursue a career with the New Zealand Fire Service as a firefighter based in Auckland. In 2016, Sullivan joined Emirates Team New Zealand, as a grinder a (i.e. spinning the handles that produce hydraulic pressure to move the boat's wings and daggerboards), for the 2017 America's Cup in Bermuda.
# Hommelvik Church

Hommelvik Church (Norwegian: Hommelvik kirke) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Malvik Municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. It is located in the village of Hommelvik. It is one of the churches for the Hommelvik parish which is part of the Stjørdal prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Nidaros. The white, wooden church was built in a long church style in 1886 by the architects Johan Wæhre and Osvald Magnus Günther. The church seats about 360 people.

## History

The first church in Hommelvik was built in 1886. The new church was consecrated on 25 May 1887 by the Bishop Niels Laache. In 1950, the church was extensively restored under the direction of John Egil Tverdahl.
# William Butten

William Butten was a young indentured servant of Samuel Fuller, a long-time leader of the Leiden Church. Butten died during the voyage of the Mayflower while traveling with Fuller, who had been appointed doctor for the group. At that time, children and young men were routinely rounded up from the streets of London or taken from poor families receiving church relief to be used as laborers in the colonies. Butten was sick the entire voyage and died on November 6, 1620 at sea when near the coast of New England.

## Mayflower voyage

The Mayflower departed Plymouth, England, on September 6/16, 1620. The small, 100-foot ship had 102 passengers and a crew of about 30-40 in extremely cramped conditions. By the second month out, the ship was being buffeted by strong westerly gales, causing the ship's timbers to be badly shaken with caulking failing to keep out sea water, and with passengers, even in their berths, lying wet and ill. This, combined with a lack of proper rations and unsanitary conditions for several months, attributed to what would be fatal for many, especially the majority of women and children. On the way there were two deaths, a crew member and a passenger, but the worst was yet to come after arriving at their destination when, in the space of several months, almost half the passengers perished in cold, harsh, unfamiliar New England winter.
On November 9/19, 1620, after about three months at sea, including a month of delays in England, they spotted land, which was Cape Cod. After several days of trying to get south to their planned destination of the Colony of Virginia, strong winter seas forced them to return to the harbor at Cape Cod hook, where they anchored on November 11/21. The Mayflower Compact was signed that day. There were forty-one of the adult males, including the servants, who signed the Compact.

## Parentage

William Butten's parentage is a mystery. His name is of an ancient French heritage introduced in England after the Norman Conquest. He seemed to be a long-time member of the Leiden congregation and therefore was probably one of the Separatists. Upon the death of his father, his mother being too poor to support him, he became an indentured servant. One theory is that he may have been the son of Robert Butten and baptized in Austerfield 12 February 1598. Another version is that his family were members of the Separatist Community in Worksop, Nottinghamshire and was baptized March 13, 1605 there, near William Bradford and other Separatists.
Butten is memorialized on the Mayflower Passengers Who Died at Sea Memorial. A small residential road in Austerfield (postcode DN10 6SQ) is named Butten Meadow after him, where there is also a memorial artwork.
# Eleonora Vandi

Eleonora Vandi (born 15 March 1996) is an Italian middle-distance runner competing primarily in the 800 metres.
Eleonora is the older sister of the sprinter Elisabetta Vandi.

## Biography

She represented her country at the 2019 World Championships without advancing from the first round. Both her parents were athletes, father Luca a middle-distance runner, mother Valeria Fontan a sprinter.

## Achievements

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Event | Notes |
| Representing Italy ||||||
| 2013 | World Youth Championships | Donetsk, Ukraine | 26th (h) | 800 m | 2:15.11 |
| 2015 | European Junior Championships | Eskilstuna, Sweden | 10th (h) | 800 m | 2:08.25 |
| 2016 | Mediterranean U23 Championships | Tunis, Tunisia | 1st | 800 m | 2:07.51 |
| 2017 | European U23 Championships | Bydgoszcz, Poland | 15th (h) | 800 m | 2:07.69 |
| 2019 | Universiade | Naples, Italy | 13th (sf) | 800 m | 2:05.09 |
| 2019 | World Championships | Doha, Qatar | 38th (h) | 800 m | 2:04.98 |
| 2021 | European Indoor Championships | Toruń, Poland | 14th (sf) | 800 m | 2:04.97 |

## National titles

* Italian Athletics Championships
** 1500 m: 2020

## Personal bests
### Outdoor

* 800 metres – 2:00.88 (Rehlingen 2019)
* 1500 metres – 4:18.07 (Pescara 2018)
* 3000 metres – 9:36.81 (Trento 2018)

### Indoor

* 800 metres – 2:05.62 (Ancona 2019)
* 1500 metres – 4:21.74 (Padua 2019)
* 3000 metres – 9:50.31 (Padua 2019)
# Stefan Klaverdal

Stefan Klaverdal (born 7 March 1975) is a Swedish composer and sound artist working mainly with performative electronic, chamber and vocal music. He was born in Stockholm, and teaches at both Malmö Academy of Music and Malmö Art Academy. In 2004, he was accepted as a member into the Association of Swedish composers (FST). Internationally praised in several competitions, both 2006 and 2008 he was awarded first prize in the International Competition for Electroacoustic Music in Bourges for the electronic music to the dance films Human Pattern and Insyn. 2010 the CD Revelations was released with music performed by London-based Tippett Quartet among others. In 2011 he received The Prince Eugen Culture Prize.

## Selected Pieces

* Levande Vatten (Living Water) – for children's choir, mixed choir, percussion, organ and computer
* The Sacred Family – for string quartet and computer (2005–2008)
* The Longing of Eurydice – violin, piano och elektronik (2005)
* Mänskligt Mönster / Human Pattern – electroacoustic music to the film Human Pattern by Klara Elenius (2005)
* On Being – for saxophone quartet and computer (2004/2005)
* Vägen framför andra – for mixed choir (2004)
* Judas – oratory for narrator, tenor, baryton, mixed choir, organ and computer (2003/2004)
* Samtal / Conversations – electroacoustic music (2003)

## Selected discography

* Revelations (various, 2010)
* Electric Tuba (Kjetil Myklebust, 2009)
* April och Tystnad (Lunds Vokalensemble, 2005)