OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Tad Dufelmeier

Tad Dufelmeier Jr. (born 9 February 1996) is an Australian professional basketball player for the Chennai Heat of the Indian National Basketball League (INBL). He played college basketball in the United States for Salt Lake Community College and Concordia University Irvine.

## Early life

Born and raised in Canberra, Australia, Dufelmeier attended Erindale College. He was named to the under-17 Australian National Team and won an Asia-Pacific Games Silver Medal. He also played in the SEABL for the Canberra Gunners in 2013 and 2014.

## College career

Dufelmeier played his freshman season as a member of the SLCC Bruins. He averaged 3.7 points and 2.0 rebounds per game. In his sophomore season, he averaged 9.7 points and 3.9 rebounds, starting all the games but one. The Bruins would advance to the national championship game in 2016, winning the school's second title. Dufelmeier was selected to the All-tournament team, and also received the Charles Sesher Sportsmanship Award. Upon completion of his NJCAA eligibility, Dufelmeier signed with NCAA Division II CUI.
In his first season at Concordia, he averaged 11.2 points, 4.4 rebounds, and 3.6 assists per game. His following season saw those numbers rise to 12.1 points, 4.9 rebounds, and 5.5 assists.

## Professional career
### Hobart Huskies and Southern Huskies (2019)

In 2019, Dufelmeier played for the Hobart Huskies in the NBL1. In 18 games, he averaged 18.8 points, 6.1 rebounds, 4.9 assists, and 1.9 steals per game. He also had a two-game stint with the Southern Huskies in the New Zealand NBL.

### Cairns Taipans (2019–2021)

For the 2019–20 NBL season, Dufelmeier joined the Cairns Taipans as a development player. He played in five games during the season. He returned to the Taipans in February 2021 as an injury replacement for Majok Deng.

### Hobart Chargers (2021)

Following the 2020–21 NBL season, Dufelmeier joined the Hobart Chargers of the NBL1 South.

### Adelaide 36ers (2021–2022)

On 22 July 2021, Dufelmeier signed with the Adelaide 36ers for the 2021–22 NBL season.

### Darwin Salties (2022)

In 2022, Dufelmeier played for the Darwin Salties in the NBL1 North.

### Cairns Marlins (2023)

In March 2023, Dufelmeier signed with the Cairns Marlins of the NBL1 North. He was named to the All-NBL1 North Second Team.

### Dandenong Rangers (2024)

Dufelmeier played for the Dandenong Rangers of the NBL1 South in the 2024 season.

### Return to Cairns Taipans (2024)

In September 2024, Dufelmeier joined the Cairns Taipans as an injury replacement for Taran Armstrong ahead of the 2024–25 NBL season. He appeared in four regular season games between 21 September and 19 October.

### Chennai Heat (2025–present)

Dufelmeier joined the Chennai Heat of the Indian National Basketball League (INBL) for the 2025 season.

## Personal life

Dufelmeier's father, Tad, also played in the NBL for the Canberra Cannons as an American import. He has one brother, Daylan and two sisters, Taqui and Bianca.
# Uldale

Uldale is a small village and former civil parish in the Cumberland district, in the ceremonial county of Cumbria, England. It is about 5 miles (8 km) from Caldbeck, 2 miles (3 km) from Ireby with which it now forms the civil parish of Ireby and Uldale together with Aughertree. The Uldale Fells are in the vicinity, and to the southeast are Chapelhouse Reservoir and Over Water. It is located just inside the Lake District National Park. In 1931 the parish had a population of 217.
Uldale has a place in literature as the occasional home of Judith Paris, a heroine of the Herries Chronicles, the saga of a Cumbrian family written by Hugh Walpole in the 1930s.

## Buildings

St. James' Church (the "old church") is located 1 mile (2 km) outside Uldale, yet only 0.5 miles (1 km) from Ireby. It has a Grade II listing. A school was founded in 1726 on the current site of Dale House, but later moved to a larger building funded by the Cape family and many local famIlies.
The Old Church of England School was built in 1895 and served as the village School for over 100 years until closure in the 1990s. The building was set for demolition but was saved in 2010 when it was transformed into a tea room + gallery.

## Governance

Uldale is part of the parliamentary constituency of Penrith and Solway.
For Local Government purposes it is part of the Cumberland unitary authority area.
The village forms part of the civil parish of Ireby and Uldale and has its own Parish Council along with Ireby, Ireby and Uldale Parish Council.
On 1 April 1934 the parish was abolished to form Ireby.

## Notable people

* Jonathan Cape
# Tommy Watson (boxer)

Thomas Watson (2 June 1908 – 27 January 1971), better known as Tommy Watson or Seaman Watson, was an English boxer who was British featherweight champion between 1932 and 1934.

## Career

Born in Newcastle upon Tyne, Watson served in the Royal Navy, in which he was lightweight champion. He made his professional debut in September 1925 with a points win over Tom Pinkney. Unbeaten in his first 30 fights, he suffered his first defeat in June 1928 when he was beaten on points over 15 rounds by George Rose. Watson went another 24 fights unbeaten before meeting Rose again in March 1930, again losing on points.
Watson won his next 21 fights, including victories over Nipper Pat Daly, Auguste Gyde, and Jack Garland. In April 1931, in his 78th fight, he was stopped for the first time, by Dom Volante at the Royal Albert Hall.
Another 14 wins followed, beating the likes of Luigi Quadrini and Phineas John before finally getting a shot at the British featherweight title held by Nel Tarleton in November 1932. The two met at The Stadium, Liverpool, the fight going the full 15 rounds, with Watson getting the verdict to become British champion.
In January 1933, Watson travelled to the United States for the first time. He beat Fidel LaBarba by unanimous decision at Madison Square Garden, earning the right to meet World champion Kid Chocolate. Watson returned to England, where he again beat Gyde, before sailing again for the United States for the World title fight. In May Kid Chocolate and Watson met at Madison Square Garden with the NYSAC World featherweight title at stake. The fight went the full 15 rounds, with Kid Chocolate getting a unanimous decision to retain the title. Only a week later, Watson faced Canadian champion Bob Laurence in Toronto, winning convincingly on points.
Back in England, Watson beat Benny Sharkey before suffering only the fifth defeat of his career when he was disqualified against Sonny Lee for a low blow. He was due to face Panama Al Brown in December 1933, but after Brown pulled out, he instead faced Dave Crowley in what they hoped would be accepted as a British title defence, but the BBBofC refused to accept it as such, with two other boxers already meeting in a final eliminator. He beat Crowley, Johnny Cuthbert, and Willie Gannon, before making the first defence of his British title in March 1934 against Johnny McMillan. Watson won on points to retain the title.
After wins over Jimmy Walsh, Jim Cowie, Francois Machtens, and Dick Corbett, Watson made the second defence of his title in July 1934 against Tarleton at Anfield. Tarleton got the points decision to regain the title.
Watson moved up to lightweight in October 1934 with a win over George Odwell, and in 1935 beat Lee, Tommy Spiers, and Frankie Brown in British title eliminators, but lost a final eliminator in October to George Daly after retiring due to cut eye. Having lost three of his last four fights, two to World champion Freddie Miller, he retired from boxing.
Watson subsequently worked as a referee from 1937 until the 1950s.
# University Boat Race Stones

The University Boat Race Stones are two tapered, granite cuboids on southern embankments of the Tideway in west London, one 129 metres west of Putney Bridge and the other at Mortlake, 112 metres east of Chiswick Bridge.
The stones define the starting and finishing points of the Championship Course. The course, which is 4 miles and 374 yards (6,779 m) from Putney to Mortlake as measured along the centre of the river, is used for rowing races including the Oxford and Cambridge Boat Race, Women's Boat Race, Lightweight Boat Races, Head of the River Race and other races. The finishing, western stone, is mirrored by a pyramid-topped post (wooden obelisk) across the river, painted in large bands of Oxford and Cambridge blue. The race finishes a few metres short of the rowing club commonly known as "Scullers" or TSS.
They are etched "UBR" for University Boat Race.
Their coordinates are:
* Putney: 51°28.003′N 0°12.916′W﻿ / ﻿51.466717°N 0.215267°W﻿ / 51.466717; -0.215267﻿ (Start)
* Mortlake: 51°28.323′N 0°16.148′W﻿ / ﻿51.472050°N 0.269133°W﻿ / 51.472050; -0.269133﻿ (Finish)
# Alexander Vasilyev

Alexander Vasilyev may refer to:
* Alexander Vasiliev (historian) (1867–1953), author of History of the Byzantine Empire
* Alexander Vasiliev (priest) (1894–1944), Orthodox priest
* Alexander Vassiliev (born 1962), Russian journalist
* Alexander Vasilyev (musician) (born 1969), Russian musician
* Alexandr Vasiliev (ice hockey) born 1989), Russian ice hockey player
* Aleksandr Vasiliev (politician) (born 1982), Russian politician
* Alexander Vasilyev (serial killer), Russian serial killer
# Henry C. Wolf Law Library

The Wolf Law Library is located at the College of William & Mary's School of Law in Williamsburg, Virginia, United States. It contains a 380,000 volume collection and is a member of the Consortium of Southeastern Law Libraries.
In 2008, The Princeton Review rated William & Mary's collective library system as the eighth best in the country and number one in the state of Virginia for a university system. The ranking was based on a survey of 120,000 students from 368 campuses nationwide.

## Mission statement

"The mission of the Wolf Law Library is to provide access to law and law-related resources and a wide range of services to support law school curriculum and programs, promote the advancement of legal scholarship, and fulfill the information needs of library users."

## History
### Present day

By the end of the twentieth century, the William & Mary Law Library was cramped and in need of overall renovation. With a strong budget, professional staff, and large collection, a $16.8-million renovation began in 2003 to address those needs. Construction between the spring of 2005 and the summer of 2006 added 22,000 square feet (2,000 m$^2$) of space to the library.
On November 10, 2006, the library was renamed the Wolf Law Library to honor alumnus Henry C. Wolf (Bachelor of Arts, 1964; Juris Doctor, 1966). The new Law Library, which was completed in the spring of 2007, covers 58,000 square feet (5,400 m$^2$) and houses 442,000 volumes.
# Welch Run (Buffalo Creek tributary)

Welch Run is a 1.75 mi (2.82 km) long 1st order tributary to Buffalo Creek in Washington County, Pennsylvania.

## Course

Welch Run rises in a pond about 1.5 miles northeast of Dunsfort, Pennsylvania, in Washington County and then flows southwest to join Buffalo Creek at Dunsfort.

## Watershed

Welch Run drains 0.89 square miles (2.3 km$^2$) of area, receives about 40.1 in/year of precipitation, has a wetness index of 288.69, and is about 88% forested.
# The Man of Adamant

"The Man of Adamant" is a short story written by Nathaniel Hawthorne. It was first published in the 1837 edition of The Token and Atlantic Souvenir, edited by Samuel Griswold Goodrich. It later appeared in Hawthorne's final collection of short stories The Snow-Image, and Other Twice-Told Tales, published in 1852 by Ticknor, Reed & Fields.

## Plot

Richard Digby, who believes his philosophy on life is the correct one, refuses to share his ideas with anyone else. His heart ails from accretions of calculous. He leaves his home, deciding to become a hermit. In the wilderness he discovers a cave and decides to make it his new home, a place where he can meditate. Water dripping from the roof, over time, has created forms of adamant within the cave. Digby decides not to drink from a nearby fountain; instead, drinking the water dripping from the roof.
One day, the spirit of Mary Goffe appears before him, and she asks Digby to return to mankind. She says he needs mankind and the path to salvation is not within the cave. He orders her to leave him alone. She asks him to drink from the fountain and to let her read the Bible alongside him, and then his heart will be cured of its ailment. He refuses this also, and his heart stops.
Years later, a family discovers the cave. Digby still sits at the mouth of the cave, but his body has been turned to adamant. The family closes the mouth of the cave to conceal the horrible image.

## Publication history

"The Man of Adamant" was first published in The Token and Atlantic Souvenir in 1837. Four years later, Hawthorne sent several of his early tales to Sophia Peabody, soon to become his wife, for her opinion. She responded negatively to some of them, including "The Man of Adamant". On September 10, 1841, he responded to her criticism and mentioned, "I recollect that the Man of Adamant seemed a fine idea to me... but I failed in giving shape and substance to the vision which I saw. I don't think it can be very good." It was republished in The Snow-Image, and Other Twice-Told Tales in 1851–1852.
# Liangzi Lake

Liangzi Lake (Chinese: 梁子湖; pinyin: Liángzi Hú), originally Fan Lake (Chinese: 樊湖), is a freshwater lake in the southeast of Hubei Province, divided between the Liangzihu Scenic Spot Office of Jiangxia District, Wuhan and the Liangzihu District of Ezhou City (both areas named after the lake). This rural area south of Wuhan, situated in the south bank of the middle reaches of Yangtze River. The lake is 370 km$^2$, with a drainage area of 3265 km$^2$, an elevation of 20 m, length 31.7 km and mean width 9.6 km (max 12.3 m). The shoreline of lake is highly indented.
Liangzi Lake appears to have two outlets. On the northers side of the lake, a small river or canal flows from Liangzi into Tangxun Lake, an urban lake on the south side of Wuhan, which eventually drains into the Yangtze. On the eastern side of the lake, another river flows from Liangzi Lake toward Ezhou, where it enters the Yangtze as well.
On January 1, 2018, Ezhou officially implemented a new law called "Liangzihu District Marine Life Protection Zone Absolute Fishing Ban Work Implementation Plan" (《梁子湖区水生生物保护区全面禁捕工作实施方案》). The lake is rich in fish and it is the origin of Wuchang Bream.
Analysis of core samples extracted from the bottom of the lake allows scientists to measure the presence of metals such as copper, lead, nickel and zinc in the environment over the last several thousand ages; they provide evidence for the existence of mining and metal smelting in the region as early as 1500 BC, during the time of the State of Chu. (The Huangshi/Daye region east of the lake continues to be a mining and metallurgical center to this day.)
"Sister Lakes" partnership has been established between Liangzi Lake and Lake Pepin in Minnesota.
# Porteath

Porteath is a hamlet in the parish of St Minver, Cornwall, England.
# School bell

The ringing of a school bell announces important times to a school's students and staff, such as marking the beginnings and ends of the school day, class periods, and breaks.
In some schools it may take the form of a physical bell, usually electrically operated. In other schools it may be a tone, siren, electronic bell sound, a series of chimes, or music played over a PA system. In East Asian nations such as China, North Korea and South Korea, the Westminster Chimes pattern is commonly played as the bell.
Schools for the hearing impaired use alternative signaling methods, for example sign language from the teacher and lights that illuminate when the public address/bell is sounding.

## Criticism

In October 2010, Mackie Academy in Stonehaven, Kincardineshire, Scotland, took the move to turn off their school bell system, following criticism that the school bells agitated pupils. According to the headteacher, the corridors became much quieter after the system was introduced. It was hoped that pupils would take more responsibility for ensuring they arrived on time to lessons. A number of other schools in the United Kingdom have made similar decisions either partially or completely banning the school bell system.

## Banning of school bells in Somalia

In April 2010, Al-Shabab–an Islamic militant group that controls large parts of Somalia–ordered school bells banned as they sounded too similar to church bells. Hand claps were then used as an alternative way of signaling that a class was beginning or ending.
# Vim (cleaning product)

Vim is the name of a range of household cleaning products originally produced by Lever Brothers (later Unilever). The Vim brand is currently owned by the German multinational company Henkel, while Unilever retains ownership in Canada and Vietnam.

## History

Vim scouring powder, one of the first products created by William Lever, first appeared on the market in 1904, an offshoot of Monkey Brand scouring soap. The name is thought to derive from the colloquial English word "vim" which has the same meaning as the Latin vis, vim ("force", "vigour").
Vim was produced at Port Sunlight near Liverpool, England. The name Vim remained solely associated with the scouring powder until 1993, when a range of associated products were released. Vim was also the name of a detergent tablet manufactured by Lever Brothers, and sold in the United States during the 1960s. It was the sponsor of the sitcom on CBS, The Lucy Show, starring Lucille Ball.
Former owner Unilever abandoned Vim in favour of rival product Jif, although it was still sold in some other countries in Europe.
In December 2004, it was sold to the group Guaber, based in Italy. Vim is currently owned by Henkel Group after its acquisition of Spotless Group in 2015, although it is still marketed by Unilever in Canada and Sri Lanka, where it has a 90% market share. Vim is also sold as a Unilever brand in South Africa and India.
# Neckera crispa

Neckera crispa is a species of moss belonging to the family Neckeraceae.
It is native to Europe and China. In Iceland, it is found at only two locations, growing on palagonite cliffs, and has the conservation status of a vulnerable species (VU).
# Alex Cullen (journalist)

Alex Cullen (born 28 November 1980) is an Australian journalist and television presenter.
Cullen was previously sport presenter of the Nine Network's breakfast program Today.

## Early life

Cullen was born in Dubbo, New South Wales, and grew up on a farm in Coonamble. He attended Coonamble High School, and then Saint Ignatius' College, Riverview, before going on to complete a journalism degree at Charles Sturt University.

## Career

In early 2003, Cullen began working as a reporter for Prime News in Wagga Wagga. He then moved to Western Australia becoming a reporter for Golden West News in Kalgoorlie and then Bunbury, where he also became GWN7's sports presenter. He then began working for Seven News in Perth in 2006 as a general reporter, before moving to be on Sunrise in 2007. Six months later, Cullen returned to the screen as a general reporter for Seven News.
Cullen was appointed weekend sports presenter in late 2007, before becoming weeknight sports presenter in January 2009 after Matt White left the position to host Today Tonight.
In addition to working with Seven Network, Cullen has worked for ABC Local Radio, 2BS, B-Rock FM and 2GB.
In April 2010, Cullen was promoted to reporter of Seven's Sunday Night public affairs program, with Tony Squires replacing him as weeknight sport presenter on Seven News Sydney.
In November 2019, it was announced that Cullen would join the Nine Network after the Seven Network axed Sunday Night. It was later announced that Alex would join the Nine Network and would fill in on Today over the summer period.
In December 2019, the Nine Network announced that Cullen would join Today as sport presenter from January 2020 replacing Tony Jones.
In March 2020, Cullen replaced Tracy Vo as news presenter, as Vo returned to Perth due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
In January 2023, Brooke Boney replaced Cullen as news presenter on Today taking on news and entertainment with Alex focusing on sport.
In January 2025, Cullen was stood down from the Nine Network after accepting a $50,000 gift from Adrian Portelli for referring to him as 'McLaren Guy' during a broadcast, Cullen and the network parted ways a week later.

## Personal life

In February 2021, Cullen announced that wife Bonnie was expecting their third child in August. They had a son born on 16 August.
Cullen is an ambassador for the Charlie Teo Foundation.
# The Problem of Political Authority

The Problem of Political Authority: An Examination of the Right to Coerce and the Duty to Obey is a book by University of Colorado philosophy professor Michael Huemer, published in January 2013. The first part of the book details Huemer's interpretation of philosophical anarchism and argues against the legitimacy of political authority, while the second addresses political anarchism and the practical viability of anarcho-capitalism.

## History and promotion

In April 2011, while he was still writing the book (then titled Freedom and Authority), Huemer was profiled by the Arts and Sciences Magazine of the University of Colorado, Boulder. The profile quoted Huemer as saying that political authority is "a moral illusion we're suffering from."
In May 2012, a few months prior to the publication of the book, Huemer defended the argument of the book in a video.

## Reception

Ole Martin Moen of the University of Oslo, Norway, reviewed the book in Philosophical Quarterly. Moen concluded his review by writing: "In addition to being a solid scholarly work, Huemer's book will work well as assigned reading in classes on political philosophy. It is bound to spark debate, and its inclusion would help remedy the sad fact that anarchism is often either ignored or put aside without serious engagement. This is a pity, for even if one rejects his conclusions, Huemer makes it clear that anarchism is a sophisticated theory that deserves careful consideration."
The book has also been reviewed in Ethics by George Klosko, Mind by Daniel Viehoff, and Le Québécois Libre by Bradley Doucet.

## Related books by others

* The Machinery of Freedom by David D. Friedman lays out the groundwork of the vision of an anarcho-capitalist society that Huemer builds on in Part II. Tomasz Kaye, the creator of the George Ought to Help video series, argued that Huemer's treatment of the subject was superior to that of Friedman.
* For a New Liberty by Murray Rothbard provides (along with Friedman's work) much of the basis for Chapter 10's discussion of "Individual Security in a Stateless Society".
* Chaos Theory by Robert P. Murphy. Kaye said that Huemer's book was superior to Chaos Theory.
* Order Without Law: How Neighbors Settle Disputes by Robert C. Ellickson.
* Libertarian Anarchy: Against the State by Gerard Casey (philosopher).