# Table of handgun and rifle cartridges

This is a table of selected pistol/submachine gun and rifle/machine gun cartridges by common name. Data values are the highest found for the cartridge, and might not occur in the same load (e.g. the highest muzzle energy might not be in the same load as the highest muzzle velocity, since the bullet weights can differ between loads).

## Legend

* Factory loadings. Number of manufacturers producing complete cartridges - e.g. Norma, RWS, Hornady, Winchester, Federal, Remington, Sellier & Bellot, Prvi Partizan. May be none for obsolete and wildcat cartridges.
* H/R: Handgun (H) or rifle (R) - dominant usage of the cartridge (although several dual-purpose cartridges exist)
* Size: Metric size - may not be official
* MV: Muzzle velocity, in feet-per-second
* ME: Muzzle energy, in foot-pounds
* P: Momentum, in pound (force) (lbf) times seconds. A guide to the recoil from the cartridge, and an indicator of bullet penetration potential. The .30-06 Springfield (at 2.064 lbf-s) is considered the upper limit for tolerable recoil for inexperienced rifle shooters.
* Chg: Propellant charge, in grains
* Dia: Bullet diameter, in inches
* BC: Ballistic coefficient, G1 model
* L: Case length (mm)

## Table

| Name | Date | Nation | Factory loadings | H/R | Official size (mm) | MV (fps) | ME (ft-lb) | P (lbf-s) | Chg (gr) | Actual diameter (in.) | BC | L | Comments |
| 2 mm Kolibri | 1914 | Austria-Hungary | 0 | H | 2.7×9mm | 650 | 3 | 0.009 | | 0.108 | | 9mm | Obsolete. Smallest round ever manufactured. |
| 4.6×30mm | 2000 | Germany | | H | 4.6×30mm | 2410 | 400 | 0.332 | | 0.183 | | 30mm | Bottlenecked high velocity PDW cartridge designed by Heckler & Koch in conjunction with the Heckler & Koch MP7 personal defense weapon. |
| 5 mm Remington Rimfire Magnum | 1970 | US | 0 | R | 5×26mm | 2100 | 327 | 0.311 | | 0.205 | | 26mm | Obsolete. Rimfire. |
| 5.45×18mm | 1973 | USSR | 1 | H | 5.45×18mm | 1000 | 94 | | | 0.222 | | 18mm | Developed for PSM pistol. |
| 5.45×39mm | 1974 | USSR | 1 | R | 5.45×39mm | 2810 | 1052 | 0.749 | | 0.215 | | 39mm | Developed for AK-74. |
| 5.56×45mm NATO | 1960 | US | | R | 5.56×45mm | 3130 | 1196 | 0.764 | 28.5 | 0.224 | 0.395 | 45mm | Militarized .223 Rem. |
| 5.56×45mm NATO SS109 | 1979 | Belgium | 3 | R | 5.56×45mm | 2864 | 1196 | 0.764 | 28.5 | 0.224 | | 45mm | NATO (1980), 2nd gen. Current NATO service including M16 rifle, Steyr AUG, SA80, FAMAS, Heckler & Koch G36. |
| 5.6mm Gw Pat 90 | 1987 | Switzerland | | R | 5.56×45mm | 3168 | 1243 | 0.622 | 28.5 | 0.224 | | 45mm | Swiss military version of the 5.56×45mm NATO / 223 Remington. For SIG SG 550 and variants. |
| 5.7×28mm | 1990 | Belgium | 1 | R | 5.7×28mm | 2800 | 400 | 0.286 | 13 | 0.224 | | 28mm | Bottlenecked high velocity PDW cartridge designed by FN Herstal. Designed in response to NATO requests for a replacement for the 9×19mm cartridge. Frequently used in the FN Five-seven Pistol. |
| 5.8×42mm DBP87 | 1987 | China | | R | 5.8×42mm | 3100 | 1395 | 0.9 | | 0.236 | | 42mm | Chinese service rifle QBZ-95 |
| 6×57mm Mauser | 1895 | Germany | | R | 6×57mm | 2600 | | | | 0.236 | | 57mm | aka 6.2×57mm RWS. Necked down 6.5×57mm. The 6mm Remington is a carbon copy. |
| 6×62mm Freres | 1983 | Germany | 1 | R | 6×62mm | 3460 | 2260 | | | 0.243 | | 62mm | also 6×62mmR, based on 9.3×62mm case. |
| 6mm Lee Navy | 1895 | US | 0 | R | 6×60mmSR | 2560 | 1629 | | | 0.236 | | 60mm | Service cartridge of the United States Navy and Marine Corps from 1895 |
| 6 mm PPC | 1975 | US | | R | 6.17×38.5mm | 3212 | 1660 | 1.034 | 31.7 | 0.243 | 0.376 | 38.5mm | Benchrest cartridge - "the most accurate round ever developed." .22 PPC case necked up to 6mm. |
| 6mm Remington | 1963 | US | 5 | R | 6.18×56.72mm | 3235 | 2207 | 1.364 | 54.5 | 0.243 | 0.405 | 56.72mm | Same cartridge as .244 Remington and interchangeable. Rifles marked .244 Remington may not stabilize heaviest 6mm Remington bullets. |
| 6mm BR Norma | 1996 | Sweden | 3 | R | 6x39.6mm | 2789 | | | | 0.243 | 0.517 | 39.6mm | Norma's redesigned of the Remington 6mm BR in order to utilize VLD bullets. |
| 6mm XC | 2000 | US | 4 | R | 6×48mm | 3018 | 1937 | | | 0.243 | 0.517 | 48mm | Developed by David Tubb for his Tubb 2000 rifle. |
| 6mm ARC | 2020 | US | 4 | R | 6.18x38mm | 2750 | 1813 | | | 0.243 | 0.536 | 38mm | Developed as an intermediate cartridge between 223 and 308 with superior external ballistics in a smaller package. |
| 6.5mm Creedmoor | 2012 | US | 12 | R | 6.72×48.77mm | 3050 | 2493 | 1.635 | 47.0 | 0.264 | 0.585 | 48.77mm | Uses the same bolt and magazines as 308 rifles, with higher velocity, accuracy, and lower recoil. |
| 6.5×47mm Lapua | 2005 | Finland & Switzerland | 3 | R | 6.5×47mm | 2900 | | | | 0.264 | 0.545 | 50mm | Specifically designed and optimized for 300-1000m competition. |
| 6.5 Grendel | 2003 | US | 2 | R | 6.5×39mm | 2620 | 1875 | 1.431 | 32.0 | 0.264 | 0.509 | 39mm | Developed by Alexander Arms as a "low recoil, high accuracy, long-range cartridge for the AR-15 platform." |
| 6.5mm JDJ | 1978 | US | | H | 6.5mm | 2714 | 1635 | 1.205 | 38.5 | 0.264 | 0.509 | | .225 Winchester case necked up to 6.5mm and then blown out. |
| 6.5×50mmSR Arisaka | 1897 | Japan | 1 | R | 6.5×50SR | 2717 | 1966 | | 42 | 0.264 | | 50mm | aka 6.5×50mm Japanese. Used in Arisaka Japanese service rifles. |
| 6.5×52mm Mannlicher–Carcano | 1891 | Italy | 3 | R | 6.50×52mm | 2414 | 1818 | 1.506 | 43 | 0.264 | | 52mm | |
| 6.5×53mmR | 1892 | Austria-Hungary | | R | 6.5×53mmR | 2650 | 2360 | 1.781 | 38 | 0.263 | | 53mm | Romanian and Dutch service rifles |
| 6.5×54mm MS | 1908 | Austria-Hungary | 1 | R | 6.5×54mm | 2395 | 1987 | 1.659 | | 0.264 | | 54mm | aka 6.5×54mm Mannlicher–Schönauer "Greek", based on 6.5×53mmR |
| 6.5×54mm Mauser | 1900 | Germany | | R | 6.5×54mm | 2362 | 1468 | | | 0.264 | | 54mm | Once chambered for Kurz short-action carbines. |
| 6.5-300 Weatherby Magnum | 2016 | US | | R | 6.7×72mm | 3476 | 3487 | | | 0.264 | | 72mm | |
| 6.5×55mm | 1895 | Union of Sweden and Norway | 7 | R | 6.5×55mm | 2735 | 2325 | 1.7 | 52 | 0.264 | 0.509 | 55mm | aka 6.5×55 Swedish Mauser. BC=0.510. |
| 6.5×57mm Mauser | 1890 | Germany | 1 | R | 6.5×57mm | 2772 | 2099 | 1.514 | | 0.264 | | 57mm | also 6.5×57mmR. a.k.a. 6.5×57mm RWS. Loaded by Prvi Partizan, RWS, and Sellier & Bellot |
| 6.5×58mm Vergueiro | 1904 | Portugal | | R | 6.5×58mm | 2775 | 2372 | 1.71 | 46 | 0.264 | | 58mm | Portuguese service rifle 1904-1939 |
| 6.5×68mm | 1939 | Germany | 1 | R | 6.5×68mm | 3700 | 2983 | 1.612 | 73 | 0.265 | | 68mm | aka 6.5×68mm RWS or Schuler (erroneously) |
| 6.5mm STW | 1999 | US | 0 | R | 6.5×72.39mm | 3300 | | | | 0.265 | | 72.39mm | Wildcat by Layne Simpson. |
| 6.8mm Remington SPC | 2003 | US | 5 | R | 6.8×43mm | 2570 | 1613 | 1.255 | 31.0 | 0.277 | 0.370 | 43mm | Developed by Remington with members of 5th Special Forces Group. |
| 7mm-08 Remington | 1980 | US | 6 | R | 7.2×51.7mm | 2950 | 2686 | 1.821 | 50.4 | 0.284 | 0.531 | 51.7mm | .308 Winchester case necked down to 7mm. |
| 7mm BR Remington | 1978 | US | | R | 7.21×55.6mm | 2425 | 1525 | 1.258 | 34 | 0.284 | 0.531 | 55.6mm | 6mm BR necked up to 7mm. |
| 7mm Remington Magnum | 1962 | US | 8 | R | 7.2×64mm | 3240 | 3302 | 2.038 | 80.0 | 0.284 | 0.652 | 64mm | |
| 7mm Remington Short Action Ultra Magnum | 2004 | US | 1 | R | 7.23×51.69mm | 3175 | 3221 | 2.029 | 68.0 | 0.284 | 0.414 | 51.69mm | |
| 7mm Remington Ultra Magnum | 2002 | US | 1 | R | 7.23×72.39mm | 3425 | 3682 | 2.15 | 107.0 | 0.284 | 0.533 | 72.39mm | |
| 7mm STW | 1981 | US | 2 | R | 7.23×72.39mm | 3325 | 3436 | 2.067 | 91.0 | 0.284 | 0.390 | 72.39mm | Belted. |
| 7mm Weatherby Magnum | 1944 | US | 2 | R | 7.22×64.74mm | 3300 | 3501 | 2.122 | 81.8 | 0.284 | 0.525 | 64.74mm | Belted. |
| 7mm WSM | 2002 | US | 2 | R | 7.2×53.3mm | 3647 | 3562 | 1.953 | 73.0 | 0.284 | 0.531 | 53.3mm | Winchester Short Magnum |
| 7×57mm Mauser | 1892 | Germany | 8 | R | 7×57mm | 2740 | 2351 | 1.716 | 52.6 | 0.284 | 0.531 | 57mm | aka 7mm Mauser, a.k.a. .275 RIgby |
| 7×64mm | 1917 | Germany | 5 | R | 7.25×64mm | 2950 | 2705 | 1.834 | 57.6 | 0.284 | 0.450 | 64.00mm | aka 7×64mm Brenneke. |
| 7×65 R | 1917 | Germany | 2 | R | 7.25×65mmR | 2897 | 3075 | 2.123 | 83.6 | 0.285 | | 65.00mm | aka 7×65mmR Brenneke |
| 7.35×51mm Carcano | 1938 | Italy | | R | 7.35×51mm | 2550 | 2175 | 1.706 | 41 | 0.298 | | 51mm | aka 7.35mm Italian Carcano |
| 7.5×55mm Swiss | 1889 | Switzerland | 2 | R | 7.5×55mm | 2839 | 2924 | 2.06 | 52.0 | 0.308 | | 55mm | a.k.a. GP-11, 7.5×55mm Schmidt–Rubin. |
| 7.5×57mm MAS | 1924 | France | | R | 7.57×57mm | 2800 | 2397 | 1.712 | 54 | 0.308 | | 57mm | 8mm Lebel replacement. Rimless rifle cartridge. Same bullet diameter as .30-06. Short-lived due to confusion with 7.92mm Mauser. |
| 7.5×54mm French | 1929 | France | | R | 7.57x54mm | 2700 | 2232 | | 58 | 0.308 | | 54mm | Case-shortened 7.5×57mm MAS. Standard French rifle cartridge until the introduction of the FAMAS in 1979. |
| 7.62×25mm Tokarev | 1930 | USSR | 2 | H | 7.90×25mm | 1857 | 650 | 0.7 | 10.6 | 0.311 | | 25.00mm | Based on 7.63×25mm Mauser. Most famous for use in Tokarev TT pistol. Also used in several Soviet submachine guns, including the PPSh-41. |
| 7.62×38mmR | 1895 | Russia | 1 | H | 7.62×38mmR | 1100 | 290 | 0.527 | 3 | 0.295 | | 38mm | a.k.a. 7.62mm Nagant. |
| 7.62×39mm | 1943 | USSR | 6 | R | 7.62×39mm | 2360 | 1521 | 1.289 | 31.5 | 0.312 | | 39mm | Intermediate cartridge concept, following 7.92×33mm Kurz and preceding 5.56×45mm NATO. SKS and AK-47 USSR service rifles. |
| 7.62×51mm NATO | 1950 | US | 2 | R | 7.62×51mm | 3165 | 2997 | 1.894 | 54.0 | 0.308 | 0.588 | 51mm | NATO (1953), T65. Current NATO service including M14 rifle, Heckler & Koch G3, FN FAL. Very similar to .308 Win. |
| 7.62×54mmR | 1891 | Russia | 5 | R | 7.62×54mm | 2894 | 2713 | 1.875 | 52.6 | 0.308 | 0.462. | 54mm | Designed for the Mosin–Nagant Russian service rifle. Oldest cartridge still in official military use, used in SVD Dragunov with Russia and the PSL rifles with many other countries. |
| 7.63×25mm Mauser | 1893 | Germany | 1 | H | 7.62×25mm | 1410 | 375 | 0.532 | 6 | 0.308 | | 25mm | aka 30 Mauser. Based on 7.65×25mm Borchardt. Most famous for use in Mauser C96 pistol. Basis for 7.62×25mm Tokarev round. |
| 7.65×21mm Parabellum | 1900 | Germany | 2 | H | 7.65×21mm | 1085 | 325 | 0.599 | 4.2 | 0.309 | | 21mm | a.k.a. 7.65 Parabellum, 7.65mm Luger, .30 Parabellum and (wrongly) .30 Luger. |
| 7.7×58mm Arisaka | 1939 | Japan | 1 | R | 7.7×58mm | 2529 | 2510 | 1.985 | 55.0 | 0.311 | | 58mm | aka 7.7×58mm Japanese Arisaka or 31 Jap |
| 7.92mm DS | 1934 | Poland | | R | 7.92×107mm | 4180 | 8740 | | | | | 107mm | Used for kbk ppanc wz.35 anti-tank rifle. |
| 7.92×33mm Kurz | 1938 | Germany | 1 | R | 7.92×33mm | 2247 | 1305 | 1.162 | 23 | 0.323 | | 33mm | First assault rifle round, used in MKb 42. |
| 8mm Lebel | 1886 | France | | R | 8×50mmR | 2640 | 2212 | 1.676 | 49 | 0.323 | | 50mm | a.k.a. 8×50mmR French. Adapted from the 11mm Gras. The first smokeless powder cartridge for military use, started the small-bore smokeless revolution. |
| 8mm Remington Magnum | 1978 | US | 1 | R | 8.22×72.39mm | 2900 | 3734 | 2.575 | 92.0 | 0.323 | 0.332 | 72.39mm | Belted. |
| 8×53mmR Murata | 1880 | Japan | | R | 8×53mmR | 1850 | 1810 | 1.957 | 47.4 | 0.329 | | 53mm | 11×60mm Murata case necked down to 8mm. |
| 8×56mm MS | 1908 | Austria-Hungary | 1 | R | 8×56mm | 2297 | 2440 | 2.124 | | 0.323 | | 56mm | Mannlicher–Schönauer |
| 8×57 I | 1888 | Germany | 0 | R | 8.09×57.00mm | 2700 | 2913 | | | 0.318 | | 57.00mm | aka 8×57 J, 7.92×57mm Mauser, 8×57mm Mauser, 8mm Mauser. Original smaller-bore specification. Bullet diameter and chamber pressure were increased in 1905, becoming 8×57 IS. Vintage rifles in this older chambering will dangerously accept modern 8×57 IS. |
| 8×57 IS | 1905 | Germany | 8 | R | 8.22×57.00mm | 3208 | 3171 | 1.977 | 57 | 0.323 | 0.450 | 57.00mm | a.k.a. 8×57 JS, 7.92×57mm Mauser, 8×57mm Mauser, 8mm Mauser. Dangerously-similar to the original, smaller-bore 1888 rimless 8×57 I a.k.a. 8×57 J. Also similar to the rimmed 8×57 IRS a.k.a. 8×57 JRS. |
| 8×58mmR Danish Krag | 1889 | Denmark | | R | 8x58mm | 2500 | 2720 | 2.176 | 54.5 | 0.322 | | 58mm | aka 8×58mmR Danish Krag. Danish service rifle 1889-1945 |
| 8x60mm Mauser | 1919 | Germany | 1 | R | 8×60mm | 2625 | 2850 | 2.171 | | 0.323 | | 60mm | aka 8×60mm RWS. Civilian 8mm Mauser. Comes in J and S bullets, rimmed or rimless case. Still loaded by RWS, Prvi Partizan. |
| 8×63mm patron m/32 | 1932 | Sweden | 1 | R | 8×63mm | 2500 | 3025 | | | 0.323 | | 63mm | a.k.a. 8x63mm Swedish mg. Used in Swedish machine guns from the 1930s onward. |
| 8×64mm Brenneke | 1912 | Germany | 0 | R | 8×64mm | 2890 | 3420 | | | 0.323 | | 64mm | Also 8x65mmR. Comes in J and S bullets. Based on 9.3x62mm and 9.3x74mmR. |
| 8×68mm S | 1939 | Germany | 2 | R | 8×68mm | 3500 | 3958 | 2.262 | 81 | 0.323 | 0.450 | 68mm | aka 8×68Smm Magnum. |
| 9mm Browning Long | 1903 | Belgium | 1 | H | 9.09×20.20mm | 1100 | 300 | 0.545 | 5.0 | 0.355 | | 20.20mm | Developed for the FN Browning 1903 Model pistol |
| 9mm Mars | 1900 | UK | | H | 9.14×26.32mm | 1400 | 675 | 0.964 | | 0.360 | | 26.32mm | Bottle necked cartridge for the Webley-Mars Automatic Pistol. |
| 9×18mm Makarov | 1951 | USSR | 10 | H | 9×18mm | 1017 | 212 | | | 0.365 | | 18mm | a.k.a. 9mm Makarov. |
| 9×19mm Parabellum | 1901 | Germany | 6 | H | 9×19mm | 1155 | 342 | 0.592 | 8.2 | 0.355 | 0.212 | 19mm | a.k.a. 9mm Parabellum, 9mm Para, or 9mm Luger. |
| 9×53mmR | 1955 | USSR | | R | 9×53mm | 2100 | 2266 | | | | | 53mm | |
| 9×56mm MS | 1900 | Austria-Hungary | 0 | R | 9×56mm | 2100 | 2400 | | | 0.356 | | 56mm | Mannlicher–Schönauer |
| 9×57mm Mauser | 1890 | Germany | | R | 9.06×56.8mm | 2423 | 2692 | 2.222 | 46 | 0.356 | | 56.8mm | Also available in a rimmed version. |
| 9.3×57mm | 1900 | Sweden | 1 | R | 9.3×57mm | 2362 | 2875 | | | 0.365 | | 57mm | Scandinavian 8×57mm variant currently offered by Norma |
| 9.3×62mm | 1905 | Germany | 6 | R | 9.3×62mm | 2360 | 3537 | 2.997 | 67 | 0.366 | 0.494 | 62mm | Designed by Otto Bock for use in magazine rifles, e.g. Mauser 98, for African game. |
| 9.3×64mm Brenneke | 1910 | Germany | 1 | R | 9.3×64mm | 2576 | 4317 | 3.352 | | 0.366 | 0.465 | 64mm | |
| 9.3×74mmR | 1900 | Germany | 2 | R | 9.30×74.70mmR | 2448 | 3721 | 3.04 | 96.5 | 0.366 | | 74.70mm | German big-game cartridge. |
| 9.5×57mm MS | 1900 | UK or Austria-Hungary | 0 | R | 9.5×57mm | 2150 | 2768 | | | 0.375 | | 57mm | aka 9.5×56mm Mannlicher–Schönauer, 9.5×56.7mm and .375 Nitro Express Rimless. |
| 10mm Auto | 1983 | Sweden | 5 | H | 10.17×25.20mm | 1551 | 680 | 0.877 | 11.2 | 0.400 | 0.164 | 25.20mm | |
| 10.75×68mm Mauser | 1920 | Germany | 0 | R | 10.75×68mm | 2200 | 3740 | | | 0.424 | | 68mm | Once popular with European hunters in Africa and India. Approaches .375 H&H power with top loads. |
| 11mm Gras | 1874 | France | | R | 11×59mmR | 1493 | 1903 | 2.549 | 78 | 0.445 | | 59mm | The first French brass cartridge for military use. Black powder. Replaced by 8mm Lebel. |
| 11×60mm Mauser | 1871 | Germany | | R | 11×60mmR | 1430 | 2013 | 2.815 | 77 | 0.446 | | 60mm | The first black powder cartridge adopted in large numbers by the unified German Army, it was used in the 1871 and 1871/84 rifles. |
| 11×60mm Murata | 1880 | Japan | | R | 11×60mmR | 1487 | 2063 | 2.775 | 77 | 0.432 | | 60mm | The first black powder cartridge adopted in large numbers by the Japanese Army, it was used in the Murata rifle, a hybrid of French Gras and German Mausers 1871 and 1871/84 rifles. |
| 12.7×108mm | 1930 | USSR | | R | 12.7×108mm | 2700 | 11980 (13737) | | 255 | 0.511 | | 108mm | Used in Heavy Machine Guns, AT-rifles and anti-materiel rifles. |
| 14.5×114mm | 1941 | USSR | | R | 14.5×114mm | 3300 | 24520 | 14.861 | 1026 | 0.586 | | 114mm | Used in Heavy Machine Guns, AT-rifles and anti-materiel rifles. |
| .17 Hornet | 1950s | US | 2 | R | 4.37×35.31mmR | 3629 | 705 | 0.389 | 13.2 | 0.172 | | 35.31mm | Necked-down .22 Hornet. Watch out for differences between older .17 Ackley Hornet and newer .17 Hornady Hornet. No CIP or SAAMI specs found. |
| .17 HM2 | 2004 | US | 1 | R | 4.4×18.1mm | 2100 | 166 | 0.158 | | 0.172 | 0.125 | 18.1mm | Rimfire |
| .17 HMR | 2002 | US | 4 | R | 4.5×26.9mm | 2525 | 246 | 0.195 | 17 | 0.172 | 0.125 | 26.9mm | Rimfire. |
| .17 Remington | 1971 | US | 2 | R | 4.4×45.6mm | 4123 | 952 | 0.462 | 27 | 0.172 | 0.151 | 45.6mm | |
| .17 Remington Fireball | 2007 | US | 1 | R | 4.4×36.1mm | 4037 | 723 | 0.358 | 20.5 | 0.172 | | 36.1mm | High-performance approx 4,000 ft/s (1,200 m/s) in a small case. |
| .17 WSM | 2012 | US | 3 | R | 4.4×31mm | 3000 | 400 | 0.267 | | 0.172 | 0.230 | 31mm | Rimfire. |
| .204 Ruger | 2004 | US | 6 | R | 5.2×47mm | 4456 | 1351 | 0.614 | 31.5 | 0.204 | 0.275 | 47mm | Varmint round. |
| .218 Bee | 1938 | US | 1 | R | 5.7×34.2mmR | 3545 | 822 | 0.464 | 14.9 | 0.224 | | 34.2mm | Rimmed. |
| .22 BR Remington | 1963 | US | | R | 5.69×38.15mm | 3617 | 1590 | 0.879 | 32.8 | 0.224 | 0.415 | 38.15mm | Wildcat. |
| .22 Hornet | 1930 | US | 6 | R | 5.7×35.6mmR | 3070 | 732 | 0.477 | 13.0 | 0.224 | 0.415 | 35.6mm | First centerfire cartridge widely adapted for varmint hunting. |
| .22 Long Rifle | 1887 | US | 6 | R | 5.7×15.6mmR | 1750 | 137 | 0.233 | 5 | 0.223 | | 15.6mm | Rimfire. Most common cartridge in the world (by units sold). Black powder propellant charge listed - smokeless likely lower. |
| .22 PPC | 1974 | US | | R | 5.7×38.5mm | 3684 | 1427 | 0.775 | 32.0 | 0.224 | | 38.5mm | |
| .22 Short | 1857 | US | 3 | H | 5.6×11mmR | 1164 | 87 | 0.149 | 4 | 0.222 | | 11mm | Rimfire. Oldest commercial cartridge being loaded today. Black powder propellant charge listed - smokeless likely lower. |
| .22 WMR | 1959 | US | 6 | R | 5.7×26.8mmR | 2200 | 322 | 0.293 | | 0.224 | 0.095 | 26.8mm | Rimfire. |
| .22-250 Remington | 1965 | US | 7 | R | 5.7×48.6mm | 4545 | 1776 | 0.798 | 43.0 | 0.224 | 0.264 | 48.6mm | Varminter. |
| .220 Swift | 1935 | US | 5 | R | 5.7×56mm | 4423 | 1727 | 0.897 | 46.0 | 0.224 | 0.264 | 56.0mm | |
| .221 Remington Fireball | 1963 | US | 1 | H | 5.7×35.6mm | 3791 | 780 | 0.412 | 22.0 | 0.224 | 0.415 | 35.6mm | Handgun round adapted from 222 Remington. |
| .222 Remington | 1950 | US | 8 | R | 5.7×43.2mm | 3760 | 1099 | 0.585 | 26.2 | 0.224 | 0.242 | 43.2mm | |
| .223 Remington | 1955 | US | 8 | R | 5.56×45mm | 4000 | 1243 | 0.622 | 29.5 | 0.224 | 0.395 | 45mm | Similar but not interchangeable with 5.56NATO. |
| .223 WSSM | 2003 | US | 1 | R | 5.7×42.4mm | 4568 | 1918 | 0.849 | 50.5 | 0.224 | 0.415 | 42.4mm | Winchester Super Short Magnum |
| .224 Boz | 1997 | UK | | H | 5.56×23mm | 2500 | 694 | | | 0.223 | | 23mm | 10mm Auto case necked down to 5.56mm. |
| .224 Weatherby Magnum | 1963 | US | | R | 5.70×48.84mm | 3865 | 1704 | 0.882 | 36.5 | 0.224 | 0.415 | 48.84mm | Smallest belted magnum case available commercially. |
| .225 Winchester | 1964 | US | 1 | R | 5.7×49mmSR | 3650 | 1621 | 0.888 | 37.0 | 0.224 | 0.415 | 49.00mm | Semi-rimmed. |
| .240 Apex | 1920 | UK | 0 | R | 6.2×63mm | 2900 | 1865 | | | 0.245 | | 63mm | aka .240 H&H Magnum Rimless, .240 Magnum Flanged or .240 Super Express |
| .240 Weatherby Magnum | 1968 | US | | R | 6.18×63.50mm | 3817 | 2633 | 1.38 | 59.0 | 0.243 | | 63.50mm | Belted. |
| .242 Rimless Nitro Express | 1923 | UK | 0 | R | 6×60mm | 2800 | 1740 | | | 0.249-0.253 | | 60mm | aka .242 Manton. |
| .243 Winchester | 1955 | US | 8 | R | 6.2×51.9mm | 3925 | 2140 | 1.09 | 51.0 | 0.243 | 0.405 | 51.9mm | .308 Winchester case necked down to 6mm. |
| .243 WSSM | 2003 | US | 1 | R | 6.2×42.4mm | 4068 | 2323 | 1.142 | 54.0 | 0.243 | 0.525 | 42.4mm | Winchester Super Short Magnum |
| .244 H&H Magnum | 1955 | UK | 0 | R | 6.2x71mm | 3500 | 2720 | | | 0.245 | | 71mm | |
| .244 Halger Magnum | 1920 | Germany | 0 | R | 6.5×57mm | 3270 | 2142 | | | .243 | | | from Halger Arms Co. of Hamburg |
| .25 ACP | 1906 | US | 6 | H | 6.4×15.6mmR | 970 | 73 | 0.151 | 1.8 | 0.251 | 0.072 | 15.6mm | Handgun round, popular for small size and weight. |
| .25 WSSM | 2004 | US | 1 | R | 6.5×42.4mm | 3762 | 2581 | 1.372 | 52.0 | 0.257 | 0.418 | 42.4mm | Winchester Super Short Magnum |
| .25-06 Remington | 1969 | US | 5 | R | 6.54×63.35mm | 3350 | 2513 | 1.5 | 62.0 | 0.257 | 0.391 | 63.35mm | Necked-down 30-06. |
| .25-20 Winchester | 1895 | US | 2 | R | 6.6×32.8mmR | 2101 | 675 | 0.643 | 15 | 0.257 | 0.418 | 32.8mm | .32-20 Winchester case necked down. |
| .250-3000 Savage | 1915 | US | 1 | R | 6.6×48.6mm | 3341 | 2138 | 1.28 | 40.5 | 0.257 | 0.418 | 48.6mm | |
| .256 Winchester Magnum | 1962 | US | 0 | H | 6.5×32.5mmR | 2386 | 705 | 0.591 | 18.0 | 0.257 | | 32.5mm | .357 Magnum case necked down to .257". a.k.a. 256 Winchester. Obsolete handgun and lever action round. |
| .257 Roberts | 1934 | US | 4 | R | 6.55×56.72mm | 2946 | 2255 | 1.531 | 54.0 | 0.257 | 0.391 | 56.72mm | |
| .257 Weatherby Magnum | 1944 | US | 1 | R | 6.54×64.74mm | 3550 | 2708 | 1.526 | 80.0 | 0.257 | 0.390 | 64.74mm | Belted. |
| .260 Remington | 1998 | US | 2 | R | 6.72×51.69mm | 3313 | 2043 | 1.233 | 51.0 | 0.264 | 0.719 | 51.69mm | |
| .26 Nosler | 2013 | US | 5 | R | 6.5×65.8mm | 3400 | 3171 | | | 0.264 | | 65.8mm | |
| .264 Winchester Magnum | 1958 | US | 3 | R | 6.73×63.50mm | 3863 | 3020 | 1.564 | 78.0 | 0.264 | 0.561. | 63.50mm | Belted. |
| .270 Weatherby Magnum | 1943 | US | 1 | R | 7.04×64.74mm | 3647 | 3639 | 1.996 | 81.0 | 0.277 | 0.625 | 64.74mm | Belted. First of Weatherby's line of necked-down 300 H&H-based magnums. |
| .270 Winchester | 1925 | US | 8 | R | 7.06×64.52mm | 3200 | 2968 | 1.855 | 64.0 | 0.277 | 0.495 | 64.52mm | Necked-down .30-06 Springfield. |
| .270 WSM | 2002 | US | 5 | R | 7.06×53.34mm | 3789 | 3485 | 1.84 | 73.0 | 0.277 | 0.625. | 53.34mm | Winchester Short Magnum |
| .275 H&H Magnum | 1912 | UK | 0 | R | 7.3×64mm | 2700 | 2600 | | | 0.287 | | 64mm | aka .275 Belted Magnum. Also comes in rimmed version called "Flanged". Necked down .375 H&H Magnum |
| .280 Jeffery | 1913 | UK | 0 | R | 7.3×64mm | 3000 | 2800 | | | 0.288 | | 64mm | Necked down .333 Jeffery |
| .280 Ackley Improved | 2007 | US | | R | 7.23×64.14mm | 3271 | 3084 | 1.886 | 66.0 | 0.284 | | 64.14mm | Former wildcat now registered by Nosler with SAAMI. |
| .280 British | 1946 | UK | | R | 7.2×43mm | 2549 | 2019 | | 28.5 | 0.283 | | 43mm | a.k.a. 7mm FN Short. Intermediate round adopted in 1951. |
| .280 Remington | 1957 | US | 6 | R | 7.2×64.5mm | 3433 | 2899 | 1.689 | 64.0 | 0.284 | 0.486 | 64.5mm | .30-06 Springfield case necked down to 7mm. |
| .280 Ross | 1906 | Canada | 0 | R | 7.3×66mm | 2900 | 2620 | | | 0.287 | | 66mm | .280 Nitro, .280 Rimless Nitro Express Ross (CIP) and .280 Rimless. Once manufactured by Remington and Winchester. |
| .28 Nosler | 2014 | US | 2 | R | 7×65.8mm | 3300 | 3883 | | | 0.284 | | 65.78mm | |
| .30 Carbine | 1940 | US | 6 | R | 7.62×33mm | 2000 | 977 | 0.977 | 16.0 | 0.308 | | 33mm | M1 Carbine US service rifle |
| .30 Herrett | 1973 | US | | H | 7.8mm | 2270 | 1470 | 1.295 | 27.0 | 0.308 | | | Wildcat handgun cartridge, based on a shortened .30-30 Winchester. |
| .30 Nosler | 2016 | US | 2 | R | 7.62×64.9mm | 3200 | 4092 | | | 0.308 | | 64.9mm | |
| .30 Remington AR | 2008 | US | 1 | R | 7.849×38.86mm | 3076 | 2208 | 1.436 | 40.0 | 0.308 | | 38.86mm | Billed as "The worlds only 30-caliber big-game cartridge for the light weight AR-15 platform." |
| .30-06 Springfield | 1906 | US | 8 | R | 7.62×63mm | 3080 | 3178 | 2.064 | 62.5 | 0.308 | 0.480 | 63mm | Developed for the U.S. Army's M1903 Springfield rifles prior to WWI. Continued use in the M1 Garand rifle throughout WWII. |
| .30-30 Winchester | 1895 | US | 6 | R | 7.8×51.8mmR | 2500 | 2046 | 1.637 | 39 | 0.308 | 0.330 | 51.8mm | a.k.a. .30 Winchester Centerfire and .30 WCF. First smokeless cartridge designed for big game hunting. |
| .30-40 Krag | 1892 | US | 2 | R | 7.8×58.8mmR | 2898 | 2766 | 1.909 | 51 | 0.308 | 0.730 | 58.8mm | Rimmed cartridge. |
| .30-378 Weatherby Magnum | 1959 | US | | R | 7.83×73.99mm | 3690 | 4956 | 2.686 | 123.5 | 0.308 | 0.730 | 73.99mm | Belted. Necked-down 378 Weatherby Magnum, developed for 1000-yard performance. Was military-only from 1959 to 1996. |
| .300 AAC Blackout | 2011 | US | 2 | R | 7.62×35mm | 2388 | 1487 | 2.05 | 20.0 | 0.308 | | 35mm | Developed for suppressed CQB as a sub sonic round. Supersonic is also available. |
| .300 H&H Magnum | 1925 | UK | 2 | R | 7.82×72.39mm | 3394 | 3485 | 2.054 | 81.0 | 0.308 | 0.730 | 72.39mm | Belted. a.k.a. 300 H&H Super a.k.a. Holland's Super 30. |
| .300 Remington Short Action Ultra Magnum | 2002 | US | 1 | R | 7.85×51.18mm | 3663 | 3761 | 2.054 | 69.0 | 0.308 | 0.730 | 51.18mm | Beltless, rebated rim. Remington Short Action Ultra Magnum. |
| .300 Remington Ultra Magnum | 1998 | US | 2 | R | 7.85×72.39mm | 3638 | 4414 | 2.427 | 107.0 | 0.308 | 0.730. | 72.39mm | Beltless, rebated rim. Fastest cartridge for Nosler's 210-grain AccuBond Long-Range G1=0.730 0.308" bullet. |
| .300 Ruger Compact Magnum | 2007 | US | 1 | R | 7.62×53mm | 3310 | 3716 | 2.245 | 67.5 | 0.308 | 0.480 | 53mm | Based on .375 Ruger case. |
| .300 Savage | 1920 | US | 4 | R | 7.8×47.5mm | 2740 | 2500 | 1.825 | 45.2 | 0.308 | 0.370 | 47.5mm | |
| .300 Weatherby Magnum | 1944 | US | 3 | R | 7.8×71.8mm | 3375 | 3890 | 2.305 | 90.0 | 0.308 | 0.447 | 71.8mm | |
| .300 Whisper | 2009 | US | 1 | R | 7.84×34.90mm | 1020 | 480 | 0.941 | 12.0 | 0.308 | 0.648 | 34.90mm | Designed for quiet, accurate, subsonic applications. Year is for homologation by CIP - earlier proprietary and wildcat versions existed. |
| .300 Winchester Magnum | 1963 | US | 8 | R | 7.8×67mm | 3709 | 3893 | 2.29 | 88.0 | 0.308 | 0.730 | 67mm | |
| .300 WSM | 2001 | US | 5 | R | 7.8×53.5mm | 3697 | 3872 | 2.095 | 74.5 | 0.308 | 0.730 | 53.5mm | Winchester Short Magnum |
| .300 Norma Magnum | 2012 | US | 1 | R | 7.62×63.3mm | 3003 | 4404 | | | 0.308 | | 63.3mm | Necked-down .338 Norma Mag. Selected by US Special Forces in 2016. |
| .303 British | 1889 | UK | 7 | R | 7.7×56mmR | 2685 | 2401 | 1.788 | 54 | 0.311 | 0.361 | 56mm | Former British Service rifle Lee–Enfield. |
| .307 Winchester | 1982 | US | 1 | R | 7.8×51mmR | 3000 | 2083 | 1.389 | 53.0 | 0.308 | | 51mm | Rimmed version of the .308 Winchester, for use in lever-action rifles. |
| .308 Marlin Express | 2006 | US | 1 | R | 7.62×48mm | 2800 | 2514 | 1.796 | 47.7 | 0.308 | 0.395 | 48mm | Based upon a slightly shortened .308 Winchester cases with FTX bullets and special powder to approach .308 ballistics from a Marlin lever-action rifle. |
| .308 Norma Magnum | 1960 | Sweden | 1 | R | 7.85×65.00mm | 3687 | 3640 | 1.975 | 84.0 | 0.308 | | 65.00mm | Belted. European cartridge designed for the US market. |
| .308 Winchester | 1955 | US | 8 | R | 7.62×51mm | 3358 | 3009 | 1.792 | 54.50 | 0.308 | 0.530 | 51mm | Civilian 7.62mm NATO. |
| .318 Westley Richards | 1910 | UK | 0 | R | 8.4×60.1mm | 2400 | 3194 | | | .330 | | 60.1mm | Proprietary cartridge |
| .32 ACP | 1899 | Belgium | 6 | H | 7.65×17mm | 937 | 129 | 0.275 | 3 | 0.312 | 0.090 | 17mm | .32 Automatic Colt Pistol. a.k.a. .7.65mm Browning. |
| .32 H&R Magnum | 1984 | US | 2 | H | 7.9×27.3mmR | 1150 | 235 | 0.409 | 12.0 | 0.314 | | 27.3mm | Lengthened .32 S&W Long. |
| .32 NAA | 2002 | US | 1 | H | 7.95×17.3mm | 1000 | 178 | 0.356 | 5.4 | 0.311 | | 17.3mm | North American Arms |
| .32 rimfire | 1861 | US | | H | 8×14.6mm | 945 | 159 | | | 0.316 | | | a.k.a. .32 Short and .32 Long. Introduced in Smith & Wesson's Model 2 revolver. |
| .32 S&W | 1878 | US | 2 | H | 7.9×15mmR | 595 | 115 | 0.387 | 1.4 | 0.314 | | 15mm | |
| .32 S&W Long | 1896 | US | 5 | H | 7.9×23.4mmR | 865 | 132 | 0.305 | 3 | 0.314 | | 23.4mm | Lengthened .32 S&W case. |
| .32 Winchester Self-Loading | 1905 | US | 0 | R | 8.2×31mmR | 1440 | 775 | 1.076 | 12.5 | 0.320 | | 31mm | a.k.a. .32 WSL or .32 SL. Obsolete. Only chambered commercially in the Winchester Model 1905 rifle. |
| .32 Winchester Special | 1895 | US | 4 | R | 8.18×51.82mmR | 2359 | 1748 | 1.482 | 38.5 | 0.321 | | 51.82mm | Lever action, rimmed. Developed for the Winchester Model 1894. |
| .32-20 Winchester | 1882 | US | 2 | R | 7.94×33.4mmR | 1031 | 1151 | 2.233 | 7.5 | 0.312 | | 33.4mm | |
| .325 WSM | 2005 | US | 1 | R | 8.2×53.3mm | 3360 | 3762 | 2.239 | 75.0 | 0.323 | | 53.3mm | Winchester Short Magnum |
| .327 Federal Magnum | 2008 | US | 1 | H | 7.9×30mmR | 1600 | 370 | 0.463 | 14.0 | 0.312 | | 30mm | |
| .33 Nosler | 2016 | US | 3 | R | 8.6×62.5mm | 3025 | 4589 | | | 0.338 | | 64.9mm | |
| .333 Jeffery | 1908 | UK | 0 | R | 8.5×62.9mm | 2500 | 3230 | | | 0.333 | | 62.9mm | Necked down .404 Jeffery |
| .338 Federal | 2007 | US | 1 | R | 8.61×51.18mm | 2937 | 3061 | 2.084 | 52.0 | 0.338 | 0.41 | 51.18mm | Necked up .308 Win. |
| .338-06 | 1998 | US | | R | 8.6×63mm | 2678 | 3582 | | 62.5 | 0.338 | | 63mm | Necked up .30-06. |
| .338 Lapua Magnum | 1983 | Finland | 5 | R | 8.6×70mm | 2900 | 4768 | 3.288 | 106.0 | 0.338 | 0.700 | 70mm | Designed for military sniper rifles. |
| .338 Norma Magnum | 2008 | US | 1 | R | 8.6×63.3mm | | | | | 0.338 | | 63.3mm | Wildcat designed to derive maximum effect from long, aerodynamic bullets. |
| .338 Marlin Express | 2010 | US | 1 | R | 8.60×48.01mmR | 2565 | 2922 | 2.278 | 49.3 | 0.338 | 0.430 | 48.01mm | Rimmed lever action cartridge designed for the Marlin Model 336. |
| .338 Remington Ultra Magnum | 2000 | US | 2 | R | 8.60×70.1mm | 3332 | 4492 | 2.696 | 104.0 | 0.338 | | 70.1mm | Beltless, rebated rim cartridge based on the .300 Remington Ultra Magnum. |
| .338 Ruger Compact Magnum | 2007 | US | 1 | R | 8.6×51.2mm | 2980 | 3865 | 2.594 | 63.0 | 0.338 | 0.515 | 51.2mm | Based on .375 Ruger case. |
| .338 Winchester Magnum | 1958 | US | 5 | R | 8.61×63.50mmR | 3080 | 4077 | 2.647 | 78.0 | 0.338 | 0.515 | 63.50mm | Belted. |
| .348 Winchester | 1936 | US | 1 | R | 8.8×57.3mmR | 2630 | 2685 | 2.042 | 70.0 | 0.348 | | 57.3mm | One of the most powerful rimmed cartridges ever used in a lever rifle. |
| .35 Remington | 1906 | US | 4 | R | 9.1×49mm | 2302 | 1958 | 1.701 | 45.0 | 0.358 | 0.300 | 49mm | Lever action. |
| .35 Whelen | 1922 | US | 4 | R | 9.1×63mm | 2891 | 3363 | 2.327 | 65.0 | 0.358 | 0.282 | 63mm | Necked up .30-06. |
| .35 Winchester Self-Loading | 1905 | US | 0 | R | 8.9×29.3mmR | 1452 | 848 | 1.168 | 13.5 | 0.351 | | 29.3mm | a.k.a. .35 WSL or .35 SL. Obsolete. Only chambered commercially in the Winchester Model 1905 rifle. |
| .350 Legend | 2019 | US | | R | 9×43mm | 2300 | 1800 | | 36.5 | 0.355 | | 43mm | Straight-walled hunting cartridge |
| .350 Remington Magnum | 1965 | US | 1 | R | 9.12×55.12mm | 2775 | 3419 | 2.464 | 64.5 | 0.358 | 0.293 | 55.12mm | Belted. |
| .351 Winchester Self-Loading | 1906 | US | | R | 8.9×34.9mmR | 1850 | 981 | 1.061 | 19.5 | 0.351 | | 34.9mm | a.k.a. .351 WSL or .351 SL. Only chambered commercially in the Winchester Model 1907 rifle. |
| .357 Magnum | 1935 | US | 6 | H | 9.1×33mmR | 1500 | 624 | 0.832 | 23.0 | 0.357 | 0.206 | 33mm | Lengthened .38 Special. |
| .357 SIG | 1994 | Germany/US | 6 | H | 9.02×21.97mm | 1350 | 502 | 0.744 | 10.8 | 0.355 | 0.212 | 21.97mm | |
| .358 Winchester | 1955 | US | 2 | R | 9.11×51.18mm | 2475 | 2720 | 2.198 | 52.0 | 0.358 | 0.282 | 51.18mm | |
| .360 Buckhammer | 2023 | US | 4 | R | 9.12×62.50mm | 2399 | 2300 | 1.917 | | 0.359 | | 45.72mm | Introduced by Remington at the 2023 SHOT Show. Straight-walled cartridge based on a blown-out .30-30 Winchester case and designed for deer hunting in U.S. states that require hunters with modern rifles to use that cartridge shape. |
| .376 Steyr | 1999 | Austria & US | 2 | R | 9.5×60mm | 2754 | 4211 | | | 0.375 | | 60mm | Hornady and Steyr announced this cartridges at the 2000 Shot Show, based on a concept by Jeff Cooper. |
| .375 Holland & Holland Magnum | 1912 | UK | 7 | R | 9.5×72.4mm | 2800 | 4700 | 3.357 | 87 | 0.375 | 0.430 | 72.4mm | The rimmed .375 H&H Flanged Magnum for double-guns and the .375 H&H Belted Rimless Magnum with a headspacing belt for magazine-fed rifles were released simultaneously in 1912. |
| .375 Ruger | 2007 | US | 1 | R | 9.5×65.5mm | 2840 | 4835 | 3.405 | 90.5 | 0.375 | 0.430 | 65.5mm | Developed in collaboration between Ruger and Hornady. |
| .375 Remington Ultra Magnum | 2002 | US | 1 | R | 9.5×72.4mm | 3293 | 5421 | 3.292 | 105.0 | 0.375 | | 72.4mm | A beltless, rebated rim cartridge developed by Remington Arms by necking up the .300 Remington Ultra Magnum case. |
| .375 Weatherby Magnum | 1945 | US | | R | 9.5×72.6mm | 3110 | 5223 | 3.359 | 99.0 | 0.375 | | 72.6mm | Belted magnum based on the .375 H&H, blown out and reshouldered. |
| .38 Long Colt | 1877 | US | 0 | H | 9.2×26.2mmR | 777 | 195 | 0.502 | 3.7 | 0.358 | | 26.2mm | a.k.a. .38 LC. Obsolete. |
| .38 S&W | 1877 | US | 3 | H | 9.2×19.7mmR | 675 | 176 | 0.521 | 2.6 | 0.358 | | 19.7mm | 4th or 5th oldest commercial cartridge being loaded today. |
| .38 Special | 1902 | US | 6 | H | 9.1×29.3mmR | 1090 | 290 | 0.532 | 6.8 | 0.357 | 0.206 | 29.3mm | |
| .38 Super | 1929 | US | 4 | H | 9.04×22.86mmR | 1300 | 500 | 0.769 | 5.4 | 0.356 | | 22.86mm | a.k.a. .38 Super and .38 Colt Auto. |
| .38-40 Winchester | 1874 | US | 1 | R | 10.17×33.15mmR | 1160 | 538 | 0.928 | 19.5 | 0.401 | 0.172 | 33.15mm | aka 38-40 WCF. Crossover rifle/handgun cartridge. |
| .38-55 Winchester | 1884 | US | 1 | R | 9.59×53.0mmR | 1853 | 1165 | 1.257 | 35.0 | 0.379 | | 53.00mm | |
| .380 ACP | 1912 | US | 6 | H | 9×17mm | 1000 | 200 | 0.4 | 4.3 | 0.355 | | 17mm | a.k.a. .380 Auto, 9mm Browning Short |
| .40 S&W | 1990 | US | 6 | H | 10.2×21.6mm | 1180 | 479 | 0.812 | 11.5 | 0.400 | 0.164 | 21.6mm | |
| .400 Corbon | 1997 | US | | H | 10.2×23mm | 1400 | 588 | | | 0.401 | | 23mm | .45 ACP case necked down to .40 caliber. |
| .400 H&H Magnum | 2003 | UK | | R | 10.4×72.3mm | 2375 | 5015 | | | 0.411 | | 72.3mm | Belted magnum. |
| .401 Winchester Self-Loading | 1910 | US | 0 | R | 10.31×38mmR | 2135 | 1958 | 1.834 | 29.0 | 0.406 | | 38mm | Rimmed. a.k.a. .401 WSL or .401 SL. Obsolete. Only chambered commercially in the Winchester Model 1910 and the Belgian Clement-Neumann rifle. |
| .404 Jeffery | 1909 | UK | 3 | R | 10.72×73.02mm | 2600 | 4700 | 3.615 | 96.4 | 0.423 | 0.358 | 73.02mm | aka 404 Rimless Nitro Express. |
| .405 Winchester | 1904 | US | 0 | R | 10.45×65.61mmR | 2404 | 3311 | 2.936 | 61.0 | 0.411 | | 65.61mm | Most powerful rimmed cartridge designed specifically for lever-action rifles. Obsolete. |
| .408 Cheyenne Tactical | 2001 | US | | R | 10.4×77mm | 3500 | 7744 | | | 0.408 | 0.874 | 77mm | Used in Cheyenne Tactical's M200 Intervention, and M310 rifles. |
| .41 Action Express | 1986 | US | | H | 10.4×22mm | 1114 | 457 | 0.82 | 8.4 | 0.410 | | 22.0mm | |
| .41 Long Colt | 1877 | US | 0 | H | 10.35×28.9mmR | 730 | 235 | 0.644 | 3.4 | 0.410 | | 28.9mm | Obsolete |
| .41 Remington Magnum | 1964 | US | 3 | H | 10.4×32.8mmR | 1887 | 788 | 0.835 | 26.5 | 0.410 | | 32.8mm | |
| .416 Barrett | 2006 | US | | R | 10.6×83mm | 3150 | 8764 | 5.564 | 200 | 0.416 | 0.72 | 83mm | Designed as an alternative to the .50 BMG for sniper rifles. |
| .416 Remington Magnum | 1988 | US | 5 | R | 10.6×72.4mm | 2400 | 5116 | 4.263 | 90.0 | 0.416 | 0.367 | 72.4mm | |
| .416 Rigby | 1911 | UK | 4 | R | 10.6×74mm | 2415 | 5180 | 4.29 | 116.0 | 0.416 | 0.319 | 74mm | Later used parent cartridge of the .338 Lapua Magnum. |
| .42 Berdan | 1868 | Russia | | R | 10.75×58mmR | 1450 | 1724 | 2.378 | 77 | 0.430 | | 58mm | Black powder Russian service rifle. a.k.a. 4.2 Line Berdan. Designed by American inventor/soldier Hiram Berdan, adopted by Russia in trapdoor 1868 and turnbolt 1870 Berdan Rifles. |
| .44 AMP | 1971 | US | | H | 10.9×33mm | 1485 | 1600 | 2.155 | 27.0 | 0.429 | | | a.k.a. .44 Auto Mag Pistol. |
| .44 Henry | 1860 | US | 0 | R | 11×23mmR | 1125 | 568 | 1.01 | 28 | 0.423 | | 23mm | a.k.a. .44 Rimfire, .44 Long Rimfire, or 11×23mmR. Obsolete black powder cartridge. |
| .44 Magnum | 1955 | US | 6 | H | 10.9×32.6mmR | 1550 | 999 | 1.289 | 31.5 | 0.430 | 0.245 | 32.6mm | a.k.a. .44 Remington Magnum. Lengthened .44 Special. Crossover rifle/handgun cartridge. |
| .44 Russian | 1870 | US | | H | 11×25mmR | 770 | 324 | 0.842 | | 0.429 | | 25mm | Also known as .44 S&W Russian. Black powder/smokeless handgun cartridge developed from .44 S&W American; developed into .44 Special. |
| .44 S&W American | 1869 | US | 0 | H | 11×23mmR | 765 | 259 | 0.677 | 5.5 | 0.434 | | 23mm | Obsolete black powder/smokeless handgun cartridge. |
| .44 Special | 1907 | US | 4 | H | 10.9×29mmR | 1000 | 400 | 0.8 | 15.0 | 0.430 | 0.138 | 29mm | |
| .44-40 Winchester | 1873 | US | 2 | H | 10.8×33.3mmR | 1117 | 656 | 1.175 | 7.3 | 0.428 | 0.123 | 33.3mm | First developed for lever-action, later used in revolver. |
| .444 Marlin | 1964 | US | 2 | R | 10.9×57.2mmR | 2400 | 3389 | 2.824 | 56.0 | 0.429 | 0.225 | 57.2mm | Lengthened .44 Magnum case, but a lever-action rifle cartridge. |
| .45 ACP | 1905 | US | 6 | H | 11.43×23mm | 850 | 369 | 0.868 | 10 | 0.451 | 0.188 | 23mm | Automatic Colt Pistol, first self-loading U.S. Army pistol round. |
| .45 Colt | 1873 | US | 4 | H | 11.58×32mm | 960 | 460 | 0.958 | 13 | 0.452 | 0.140 | 32mm | a.k.a. .45 Long Colt or .45 LC. Used in both handgun and rifle. |
| .45 GAP | 2003 | Austria | 3 | H | 11.5×19.2mm | 1152 | 543 | | 9.0 | 0.451 | | 19.2mm | Glock Automatic Pistol. |
| .45 Winchester Magnum | 1979 | US | 1 | H | 11.5×30.4mm | 1472 | 1406 | 1.91 | 18.0 | 0.451 | | 30.4mm | a.k.a. .45 Winchester Magnum. Lengthened and strengthened .45 ACP. |
| .45 Raptor | 2014 | US | 2 | R | 11.5×58mm | 3000 | 3197 | | 48.5 | 0.452 | 0.151 | 58mm | Hybrid of the .460 S&W Magnum and the .308 Winchester. Designed to provide a .45 caliber capability to the AR-10 platform. |
| .45-70 | 1873 | US | 5 | R | 11.6×53.5mmR | 2394 | 2518 | 2.104 | 63 | 0.458 | 0.230 | 53.5mm | a.k.a. .45-70 Government. One of the oldest centerfire cartridges still in commercial production. |
| .450 Adams | 1868 | UK | 0 | H | 11.6×18mmR | 700 | 245 | 0.7 | 13 | 0.455 | | 18mm | a.k.a. .450 Boxer and .450 Revolver. Obsolete black powder handgun cartridge. |
| .450 Bushmaster | 2007 | US | | R | 11.5×43.2mm | 2180 | 2744 | 2.517 | | 0.452 | | 43.2mm | Developed by hornady as a straight walled rifle round similar to .460 S&W Magnum |
| .450 Marlin | 2000 | US | 1 | R | 11.6×53mmR | 2225 | 3572 | 3.211 | 59.0 | 0.458 | 0.230 | 53mm | Lever action round. Shortened .458 Winchester Magnum case, designed to match .45-70 performance. |
| .450 Nitro Express | 1895 | UK | 1 | R | 12.1×83mmR | 2150 | 4927 | 4.583 | 157 | 0.458 | 0.325 | 83mm | J. Rigby smokeless cartridge based upon .450 Black Powder Express. |
| .454 Casull | 1959 | US | 4 | H | 11.5×35.1mmR | 1900 | 1924 | 2.025 | 38.2 | 0.452 | 0.180 | 35.1mm | Lengthened .45 Colt, most powerful handgun round until the 1990s. |
| .455 Webley | 1897 | UK | | H | 11.5×19.6mmR | 700 | 285 | 0.814 | 5.0 | 0.455 | | 19.6mm | Originally a black powder handgun cartridge. |
| .458 Lott | 1971 | US | 3 | R | 11.66×71.12mm | 2300 | 5873 | 5.107 | 79.0 | 0.458 | 0.389 | 71.12mm | Belted. |
| .458 U.S. Silent Sniper | 1969 | US | 4 | R | 11.66×33mm | 2140 | 5084 | 4.751 | 81.0 | 0.458 | 0.295 | 55mm | Developed for the Silent Sniper System |
| .458 Winchester Magnum | 1956 | US | 4 | R | 11.66×64mm | 2140 | 5084 | 4.751 | 81.0 | 0.458 | 0.295 | 64mm | |
| .46 rimfire | 1870 | US | | H | 11.6×21.2mmR | | | | 20 | 0.456 | | 21.2mm | a.k.a. .46 Short, .46 Remington Carbine. First large-caliber metallic handgun cartridge. Black powder. |
| .460 S&W Magnum | 2005 | US | 3 | H | 11.5×46mmR | 2200 | 2149 | 1.954 | 48.5 | 0.452 | 0.151 | 46mm | Revolver cartridge for handgun hunting. |
| .460 Weatherby | 1958 | US | | R | 11.6×74mm | 2808 | 7504 | 5.345 | 128.0 | 0.458 | | 74mm | aka 460 Weatherby Magnum |
| .465 H&H Magnum | 2003 | UK | | R | 11.9×73.5mm | 2375 | 6121 | | 134 | 0.468 | | 73.5mm | Belted magnum. |
| .470 Nitro Express | 1907 | UK | 3 | R | 12.1×83mmR | 1885 | 5132 | 5.445 | 125 | 0.475 | 0.290 | 83mm | Designed by Joseph Lang. |
| .475 Linebaugh | 1988 | US | | H | 12.1×36mmR | 1400 | 1741 | 2.487 | | 0.475 | | 36mm | |
| .476 Enfield | 1881 | UK | | H | 11.6m×22mR | | | | 5.5 | 0.472 | | 22mm | a.k.a. .476 Eley. Black powder/smokeless handgun cartridge. |
| .480 Ruger | 2001 | US | 2 | H | 12.1×32.6mmR | 1539 | 1315 | 1.709 | 26.5 | 0.475 | 0.150 | 32.6mm | Shortened .475 Linebaugh case. |
| .50 Action Express | 1988 | US | 2 | H | 12.7×32.6mm | 1475 | 1449 | 1.965 | 32.5 | 0.500 | 0.120 | 32.6mm | For IMI Desert Eagle handgun. |
| .50 Alaskan | 1950s | US | | R | 13×53mmR | 1694 | 3346 | 3.95 | | 0.510 | | 53mm | |
| .50 Beowulf | 2001 | US | | R | 12.7×42mm | 1800 | 2878 | 3.198 | | 0.500 | | 42mm | |
| .50 BMG | 1921 | US | 2 | R | 12.7×99mm | 2815 | 13196 | 9.375 | 265 | 0.510 | 1.050 | 99mm | Used in Heavy Machine Guns and anti-materiel rifles. |
| .50 GI | 2004 | US | | H | 12.7x22.8mm | 1200 | 591 | 0.985 | | 0.500 | | 22.8mm | Designed to have significantly less recoil than other 50 caliber handguns |
| .50 Remington Navy | 1867 | US | 0 | H | 13×21.8mm | 750 | 330 | 0.88 | 7.0 | 0.508 | | 21.8mm | a.k.a. 50 Remington Pistol Navy Model 1867 and 50 Remington (M71 Army). Rimmed case 0.875" in length. Obsolete black powder/smokeless handgun cartridge. |
| .50-90 Sharps | 1872 | US | | R | 13×64mmR | 1652 | 2210 | 2.676 | 37.0 | 0.509 | | 64mm | The mainstay of the American bison (buffalo) hunter. Black powder/smokeless. |
| .500 Auto Max | 2003 | US | 3 | H | 12.7×57.2mm | 1950 | 2533 | 2.598 | 45.3 | 0.500 | 0.185 | 57.2mm | Rimmless variant of .500 |
| .500 Linebaugh | 1986 | US | | H | 13×35.7mmR | 1300 | 1632 | 2.511 | | 0.510 | | 35.7mm | |
| .500 S&W Magnum | 2003 | US | 3 | H | 12.7×57.2mmR | 1950 | 2533 | 2.598 | 45.3 | 0.500 | 0.185 | 57.2mm | One of the most powerful handgun-specific cartridges. |
| .505 Gibbs | 1910 | UK | | R | 12.8×80mm | 2300 | 6180 | 5.374 | | 0.505 | | 80mm | |
| .577 Snider | 1867 | UK | | R | 14.5×51mmR | 1380 | 1689 | 2.448 | 30 | 0.570 | | 51mm | The first black powder cartridge for British military use. Later loaded smokeless. |
| .577/450 Martini–Henry | 1871 | UK | | R | 11.43×61mmR | 1600 | 1870 | 2.338 | 38 | 0.455 | | 61mm | Rimmed. The second black powder (later smokeless) cartridge for British military use. Evolved from the .577 Snider case, lengthened and necked down to .45 (nominal) caliber. Used in the Martini rifles from 1871 to the present. |
| .600 Nitro Express | 1899 | UK | | R | 15.7×76mmR | 2050 | 7614 | 7.428 | 120 | 0.622 | | 76mm | Rimmed. Jeffrey, 900-grain (58 g) bullet. |
| .700 Nitro Express | 1988 | UK | | R | 17.8×89mmR | 2000 | 10566 | 10.566 | | 0.700 | | 89mm | Big game cartridge. |
| .950 JDJ | 2014 | US | 1 | R | 24.1x70mm | 2200 | 38685 | 35.168 | 3600 | 0.950 | | 70mm | Largest centerfire rifle cartridge as of 2018 |