OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Constitutions of Oxford

The Constitutions of Oxford or Constitutiones Thomae Arundel were several resolutions of the 1407 university convocation intended to deal with the use of Scripture in lectures and sermons at Oxford University, following disturbances caused by the followers of the teachings of the late John Wycliffe. Soon afterwards they were extended to at least southern England by a 1408 council of the Province of Canterbury.

## Constitutions

The 1407 constitutions initially regulated Oxford University. Notable were:$^{:317}$
* Similiter quia (no. 5) ruled that elementary courses should not include controversial or novel expositions of Scripture.
* Quia insuper (no. 6) banned teaching material by Wycliff or similar unless or until they had been approved.
* Periculosa (no. 7) said that no new vernacular translations should be made without prior permission, and even recent translations should be used only with the Bishop's or provincial council's approval.
The constitutions were extended to be in effect throughout at least the Catholic Province of Canterbury in 1409.

## Interpretation

There have been a variety of interpretations of Periculosa in particular over the years.
* That it made the possession and use of vernacular scripture illegal. This is not found in the text. Nevertheless, it seems to have been the received wisdom by the 1500s. Protestant polemicist John Foxe was perplexed that there seemed to be no actual legal basis for prosecutions he was convinced had occurred.
* That reading or ownership did not require permission, just translation.
* That it required a layman who wanted to read newish vernacular scripture or translations to obtain permission from his bishop. This is the view held by leading Tudor lawyer Thomas More, who wrote of having seen older non-Wycliffean vernacular translations in the libraries of great houses.
* That publication required a bishop's permission, but perhaps not the act of translation itself. This is a view associated with William Tyndale by historian David Daniell.$^{:328}$
Another controversy is over the size of a text that would be deemed a new translation: some writers even claim that any translation of a single sentence would be banned; however, this would make sermons untenable. Historian Sarah James notes that Bishop Reginald Pecock, a man with enemies, continued to write vernacular works with his own renditions of scriptural verses yet faced no censure.$^{:163}$
# Whitewater River (Missouri)

Historically, the name Whitewater River applied to a 120 km (75 mi) long stream that headed approximately two miles east of the community of Womack in St. Francois County flowing south through Perry, Bollinger, Cape Girardeau and Stoddard counties before entering the Little River near Bell City. However, in the early 20th century, the Little River Drainage District constructed the Headwater Diversion Channel, which bisected the Whitewater River, causing the northern section of the stream to be diverted into the diversion channel, and separating the southern portion from its original headwaters. In 2007, the Board on Geographic Names approved a proposal to rename the two portions Upper Whitewater Creek and Lower Whitewater Creek. With the Upper Whitewater Creek now flowing through the Headwater Diversion Channel to the Mississippi River just south of Cape Girardeau.
# Pomalidomide

Pomalidomide, sold under the brand names Pomalyst and Imnovid, is an anti-cancer medication used for the treatment of multiple myeloma and AIDS-related Kaposi sarcoma.
Pomalidomide was approved for medical use in the United States in February 2013, and in the European Union in August 2013. It is available as a generic medication.

## Medical uses

In the European Union, pomalidomide, in combination with bortezomib and dexamethasone, is indicated in the treatment of adults with multiple myeloma who have received at least one prior treatment regimen including lenalidomide; and in combination with dexamethasone is indicated in the treatment of adults with relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma who have received at least two prior treatment regimens, including both lenalidomide and bortezomib, and have demonstrated disease progression on the last therapy.
In the United States, pomalidomide is indicated, in combination with dexamethasone, for people with multiple myeloma who have received at least two prior therapies including lenalidomide and a proteasome inhibitor and have demonstrated disease progression on or within 60 days of completion of the last therapy; and is indicated for people with AIDS-related Kaposi sarcoma after failure of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) or in people with Kaposi sarcoma who are HIV-negative.

## Origin and development

The parent compound of pomalidomide, thalidomide, was originally discovered to inhibit angiogenesis in 1994. Based upon this discovery, thalidomide was taken into clinical trials for cancer, leading to its ultimate FDA approval for multiple myeloma. Structure-activity studies revealed that amino substituted thalidomide had improved antitumor activity, which was due to its ability to directly inhibit both the tumor cell and vascular compartments of myeloma cancers. This dual activity of pomalidomide makes it more efficacious than thalidomide in vitro and in vivo.

## Mechanism of action

Pomalidomide directly inhibits angiogenesis and myeloma cell growth. This dual effect is central to its activity in myeloma, rather than other pathways such as TNF alpha inhibition, since potent TNF inhibitors including rolipram and pentoxifylline do not inhibit myeloma cell growth or angiogenesis. Upregulation of interferon gamma, IL-2 and IL-10 as well as downregulation of IL-6 have been reported for pomalidomide. These changes may contribute to pomalidomide's anti-angiogenic and anti-myeloma activities.
Like thalidomide, pomalidomide works as a cereblon E3 ligase modulator.

## Side effects

Pomalidomide can cause harm to unborn babies when administered during pregnancy.
Pomalidomide is present in the semen of people receiving the drug.

## Clinical trials

Phase I trial results showed tolerable side effects.
Phase II clinical trials for multiple myeloma and myelofibrosis reported 'promising results'.
Phase III results showed significant extension of progression-free survival, and overall survival (median 11.9 months vs. 7.8 months; p = 0.0002) in patients taking pomalidomide and dexamethasone vs. dexamethasone alone.
# British Rail Class D2/10

British Rail Class D2/10 was a locomotive type commissioned by British Rail. It was a diesel-hydraulic shunting locomotive in the pre-TOPS period built by the North British Locomotive Company (NBL). The NBL/MAN engines were built by the North British Locomotive Company in Scotland under licence from the German company MAN. They were introduced in 1957 and numbered D2708-D2780.
After service with British Railways, D2767 was sold and in 1982 it was owned by Burmah Oil Trading Ltd., at Burmah Refinery in Stanlow. D2773 was sold to the National Coal Board, with it working in the South Wales Area at Cleynen South Colliery.

## Preservation

Two locomotives are preserved:
* D2767 at Bo'ness and Kinneil Railway.
* D2774 at Strathspey Railway

## Models

Two etched brass kits covering D2720-44 and D2745-80 is available in the range of Judith Edge Kits.
# Tokarzew

Tokarzew is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Doruchów, within Ostrzeszów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. It lies approximately 4 kilometres (2 mi) west of Doruchów, 3 km (2 mi) east of Ostrzeszów, and 135 km (84 mi) south-east of the regional capital Poznań.
# Tridacna rosewateri

Rosewater’s giant clam (Tridacna rosewateri) is a species of marine bivalve in the family Cardiidae. For a while, the species was thought to be extinct, until it was redicovered in 2020. It was thought to be a new species, Tridacna lorenzi, but further research has shown that it is actually Rosewater’s giant clam.

## Distribution

It is endemic to Mauritius. Its type locality was given as the "Saya de Malha Bank, Indian Ocean."
# Roger d'Amory

Roger Damory, Lord d'Amory, Baron d'Amory in Ireland, (d. bef. 14 March 1321/1322) was a nobleman and Constable of Corfe Castle.
He was the younger son of Sir Robert D'Amory, Knight, of Bucknell and Woodperry, Oxfordshire. Sir Roger also possessed in his own right the manors of Bletchington and Holton, Oxfordshire, Standon in Hertfordshire, Caythorpe in Lincolnshire, and Knaresborough and St. Briavels' Castles.
He fought at the Battle of Bannockburn where he provided "good services", following which he was granted the manors of Sandal, Yorkshire and Vauxhall, Surrey, in 1317.
He was summoned to parliament on 20 November 1317, and in the 11th (1318), 12th (1319), 13th (1320) and 14th (1321) years of the reign of King Edward II, whereby he is held to have become Lord d'Amory.
He had been a favourite of King Edward II of England until he was displaced by Hugh Despenser the Younger. D'Amory took an active part in the Despenser War in 1321–1322 and was one of the principals in this affair. He captured Gloucester, burnt Bridgnorth, was at the siege of Tickhill and the battle at Burton-on-Trent. As a result, his lands were confiscated and orders were issued for his arrest. Retreating before the King's forces, being either sick or wounded he was left behind at Tutbury Castle, Staffordshire, where he was captured on 11 March 1322 (1321/1322). He was quickly tried and condemned to death. It appears, however, that his illness beat the executioner as he died there "of illness" two days later, and was buried at St. Mary's, Ware, Hertfordshire.
He married shortly before 3 May 1317 Elizabeth de Clare, being her third husband. They had two children:
* Elizabeth d'Amory (died before her husband) who married John Bardolf, 3rd Lord Bardolf (1311–1363) and was mother to William 4th Lord Bardolf (1349–1386).
* Eleanor (1319-1360) who married John de Raleigh (b. circa 1315) c. 1338. From this lineage descended Sir Walter Raleigh.
# Wildcat Brook

Wildcat Brook, also known as the Wildcat River, is a 9.05-mile-long (14.56 km) stream in the White Mountains of New Hampshire, in the United States. It rises at Carter Notch in the township of Bean's Purchase in Coos County, and flows south through the town of Jackson in Carroll County to its confluence with the Ellis River near the town's southern boundary. At Jackson Falls, near the town center, the stream descends 120 feet (37 m) in 1⁄4 mile (0.4 km) over granite ledges, paralleled by New Hampshire Route 16B (Carter Notch Road). The surrounding area is part of the Jackson Falls Historic District.
Via the Ellis River, Wildcat Brook is part of the Saco River watershed, with its waters reaching the Atlantic Ocean near Biddeford, Maine. The entire brook, from Carter Notch to the Ellis River, is part of the designated National Wild and Scenic River System, as are its tributaries Little Wildcat Brook, Bog Brook, and Great Brook.
# Bilston East (ward)

Bilston East was a ward of Wolverhampton City Council, West Midlands. It covered Bilston town centre and the southern and eastern parts of the town of Bilston, as well as Bradley. It bordered the Spring Vale, Ettingshall, and Bilston North wards, as well as the Metropolitan Boroughs of Walsall, Sandwell, and Dudley. It formed part of the Wolverhampton South East constituency.
In 2021 the Boundary Commission proposed changes to Wolverhampton council wards. Bilston East ward was abolished, with Bilston town centre moving into Bilston North, with the rest of the ward joining an expanded St Peter's ward. The new ward boundaries took effect from the 2023 Council elections.
# Tomaszew, Konin County

Tomaszew is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Stare Miasto, within Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland.
# Edward Montagu, 8th Earl of Sandwich

Edward George Henry Montagu, 8th Earl of Sandwich KStJ (13 July 1839 – 26 June 1916), styled Viscount Hinchingbrooke until 1884, was a British peer, Conservative politician and author.
Montagu was the eldest son of John William Montagu, 7th Earl of Sandwich, and his wife Lady Mary Paget. Field Marshal Henry Paget, 1st Marquess of Anglesey, was his maternal grandfather. He was elected to the House of Commons for Huntingdon in 1876, a seat he held until 1884, when he succeeded his father in the earldom and took his seat in the House of Lords.
Lord Sandwich was colonel of the Huntingdonshire Militia, and served as Lord Lieutenant of Huntingdonshire between 1891 and 1916. He was appointed a Knight of Grace of the Venerable Order of Saint John of Jerusalem in December 1901.
Lord Sandwich died unmarried in June 1916, aged 76, and was succeeded in the earldom by his nephew George Charles Montagu.

## Works

Lord Sandwich was the author of five books:
* Diary in Ceylon & India, 1878-9. 1879
* Hinchingbrooke. 1910
* My Experiences in Spiritual Healing. 1915
* Memoirs 1919
* Memoirs of Edward, Earl of Sandwich, 1839-1916, Ed. 1919 (co-authored with Beatrice Erskine, "Mrs. Steuart Erskine")
# List of Donald mountains

This is a list of Donald mountains in Scotland by height. Donalds were defined in 1935 by Scottish Mountaineering Club ("SMC") member Percy Donald, as Scottish Lowlands mountains over 2,000 feet (609.6 m) in height, the general requirement to be called a "mountain" in the British Isles, and over 100 feet (30.5 m) in prominence, and which also had "sufficient topographical merit" that he outlined in a complex formula.
This formula splits Donalds into Donald Hills and Donald Tops. The SMC define Donald Tops as: "elevations in the Scottish Lowlands of at least 2,000 feet [610 m] in height with a drop of at least 50 feet [15 m] between each elevation and any higher elevation. Further, elevations separated from higher elevations by a drop of less than 100 feet [30 m] are required to have "sufficient topographical merit". In addition, the SMC define Donald Hills as being: "defined from Donald Tops, where a Hill is the highest Top with a separation of 17 units or less. A unit is either 1⁄12 mile [130 m] along a Top's connecting ridge or 50 feet [15 m] in elevation between the Top and its connecting bealach/col. The separation is the sum of these two measures."
The SMC note that: "Percy Donald's original Tables are seen as a complete entity, unlike the Munros, Corbetts and Grahams"; thus many Donalds are also Corbetts or Grahams. Percy Donald's original 1935 list recorded 133 Donalds, however since 1997, the SMC records 140 Donalds in the Scottish lowlands, split into 89 Donald Hills and 51 Donald Tops. While the prominence of Donald Hills is over 100 feet (30.5 m), the prominence of a Donald Top can range from 16 feet (4.9 m), as in the case of Cairn Hill West Top, to 220 feet (67.1 m), in the case of Beninner.
New Donalds were introduced by Alan Dawson in his 1995 book, The Grahams and the New Donalds, with a prominence threshold of 30 m (98.4 ft), and that the location was south of the Highland Boundary Fault; there are 118 New Donalds, and while all Donald Hills are New Donalds, 22 Donald Tops are not. Climbers who climb all SMC Donalds are called Donaldists, the first being Percy Donald on 23 May 1933; a list is maintained.

## Donald mountains by height

This list is from the Database of British and Irish Hills ("DoBIH") in October 2018, and are peaks the DoBIH marks as being Donalds ("D" and "DT"). The SMC does not update the list of Donalds (they are fixed), however the DoBIH also updates their measurements as more surveys are recorded, so these tables should not be amended or updated unless the entire DoBIH data is re-downloaded again.
# Pheme

In Greek mythology, Pheme (/ˈfiːmiː/ FEE-mee; Greek: Φήμη, Phēmē; Roman equivalent: Fama), also known as Ossa in Homeric sources, was the personification of fame and renown, her favour being notability, her wrath being scandalous rumours. She was a daughter either of Gaia or of Elpis (Hope), was described as "she who initiates and furthers communication" and had an altar at Athens. A tremendous gossip, Pheme was said to have pried into the affairs of mortals and gods, then repeated what she learned, starting off at first with just a dull whisper, but repeating it louder each time, until everyone knew. In art, she was usually depicted with wings and a trumpet.
In Roman mythology, Fama ("rumour") was described as having multiple tongues, eyes, ears, and feathers by Virgil (in Aeneid IV line 180 and following) and other authors. Virgil wrote that she "had her feet on the ground, and her head in the clouds, making the small seem great and the great seem greater". In Homer Pheme is called the Rumour goddess or the messenger of Zeus. In Book One of the Odyssey, the purpose of Telemachus' journey to Pylos is so that he might gain "pheme" among the world.
In English Renaissance theatre, Rumour was a stock personification, best known from William Shakespeare's Henry IV, Part 2 in the quote "Open your ears; for which of you will stop The vent of hearing, when loud Rumour speaks?". James C. Bulman's Arden Shakespeare edition notes numerous lesser known theatrical examples.

## Linguistic associations

The Greek word pheme is related to Φάναι "to speak" and can mean "fame", "report", or "rumor". The Latin word fama, with the same range of meanings, is related to the Latin fari ("to speak"), and is, through French, the etymon of the English "fame".
# Mohammed Fadel (footballer)

Mohammed Fadel (Arabic: مُحَمَّد فَاضِل; born 27 October 1963) is an Iraqi footballer. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1984 Summer Olympics. Fadel played for Iraq in 1984.
# Afşinbey, Honaz

Afşinbey is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Honaz, Denizli Province in Turkey. Its population was 2,351 in 2019.
# Wilder Creek

Wilder Creek is a stream in the U.S. state of Washington.
Wilder Creek was named after H. A. Wilder, a pioneer miner.
# Tridacna mbalavuana

Tridacna mbalavuana, the tevoro clam, is a species of bivalve in the family Cardiidae. It is found in Fiji and Tonga. It is currently listed on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.
# William P. Connery Jr.

William Patrick Connery Jr. (August 24, 1888 – June 15, 1937) was a United States representative from Massachusetts. He was born in Lynn on August 24, 1888, the son of William P. Connery Sr. and brother of Lawrence Joseph Connery.

## Biography

Connery attended St. Mary's School at Lynn, Collège de Montréal in Canada, and the College of the Holy Cross. He entered the theatrical profession as an actor. He also was a theater manager. During World War I he enlisted as a private in the One Hundred and First Regiment, United States Infantry, and served nineteen months in France. He was an electric company employee, he engaged in the manufacture of candy, and was secretary to the mayor of Lynn.
He was elected as a Democrat to the Sixty-eighth and to the seven succeeding Congresses and served from March 4, 1923, until his death. He served as chairman of the Committee on Labor Seventy-second through Seventy-fifth Congresses, where he was the House sponsor of the first version of H.R. 7200, the Fair Labor Standards Act, alternatively called the Wagner—Connery Act, written by U.S. Senator Robert F. Wagner. which became law in a later iteration following his death, when it was signed by President Roosevelt on June 25, 1938. He studied law, and was admitted to the bar but did not practice extensively.
Connery had returned by train from a speaking tour in Massachusetts when he was stricken by food poisoning after returning to his home in Washington, D.C.. Experiencing acute abdominal pains, he was taken to the National Homeopathic Hospital. His condition worsened and did not respond to treatment, and Connery died at the age of 48, only 11 hours after he had been admitted, on June 15, 1937. His interment was in St. Mary's Cemetery in Lynn.
# Humberto Rodríguez

Humberto Rodríguez (born 7 March 1969) is a Mexican former professional boxer who competed from 1989 to 1998. As an amateur, he competed in the men's light welterweight event at the 1988 Summer Olympics.
# Balçıkhisar, Çivril

Balçıkhisar is a neighbourhood of the municipality and district of Çivril, Denizli Province, Turkey. Its population was 961 in 2019.
# Heavy Metal: Geomatrix

Heavy Metal: Geomatrix is a 3D arena fighting video game released in 2001 by both Sega and Capcom for the Sega NAOMI and Dreamcast, based upon the Heavy Metal license.
Using similar perspective and control scheme to Capcom's Spawn: In the Demon's Hand, the game presents up to 4-player combats in large arenas in what is seen as a follow-up to the basics of Capcom's Power Stone series, although more oriented to weapon fighting/shooting and a serious and dark cyberpunk tone because of the Heavy Metal universe setting. The game features a soundtrack of licensed music by artists such as Megadeth, Halford, W.A.S.P., Corrosion of Conformity, Entombed (band) and Dust to Dust. A soundtrack CD featuring songs used in the game as well as songs from other artists was released by Sanctuary Records to tie in with the game.

## Reception

Aggregate score :
| Aggregator | Score |
| Metacritic | 58/100 |
Review scores :
| Publication | Score |
| Computer and Video Games | 4/10 |
| Edge | 5/10 |
| Famitsu | 27/40 |
| Game Informer | 3/10 |
| GamePro | |
| GameRevolution | C− |
| GameSpot | 3.4/10 |
| GameSpy | 7.5/10 |
| IGN | 7.5/10 |
| Jeuxvideo.com | 8/20 |
The Dreamcast version received "mixed" reviews according to the review aggregation website Metacritic. In Japan, Famitsu gave it a score of 27 out of 40.
Also in Japan, Game Machine listed the arcade version on their November 1, 2001 issue as being the tenth most-successful arcade game of the month.
# Australian Passport Office

Australian Passport Office is an independent operating agency of the Government of Australia with bureaucratic oversight provided through the Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade (DFAT) portfolio. It issues Australian passports to Australian citizens in Australia and overseas under the Australian Passports Act 2005 and related laws. The Passport Office may also issue other types of travel documents to non-citizens, such as Australian Convention Travel Document, Australian Certificate of Identity or Document of Identity. DFAT has offices in each of the nine Australian capital cities.
Since 24 October 2005, Australia has issued only biometric passports, called ePassports, which have an embedded microchip that contains the same personal information that is on the colour photo page of the passport, including a digitised photograph. As all previous passports have now expired, all Australian passports are now biometric.

## Agents

The Australian Passport Office work with two agents, Australia Post and Australian Passport Information Service (APIS). Australia Post provides a nationwide passport service on behalf of DFAT through over 1,700 outlets. Its role includes distributing application forms for Australian passports, receiving Australian passport applications and renewal applications and interviewing applicants. The Australian Passport Information Service (APIS) provides a high quality telephone information service for Australian passport clients.
Australian passports can be renewed overseas by submitting a completed passport renewal application form in person at the nearest Australian embassy, high commission or consulate, together with the previous passport and two identical photos, and payment of the fee, including the overseas surcharge.