OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Singapore Buddhist Lodge

The Singapore Buddhist Lodge (SBL; 新加坡佛教居士林) is a lay Buddhist and charitable organization in Singapore. Founded in 1934, it is one of the oldest charities in Singapore.

## History

On 16 July 1933, the SBL was founded by the Singapore Buddhist Sutra Circulation Center. The creation of lodge was funded by around 100 philanthropists, including Lee Choon Seng with a donation of around $1,000, to promote Buddhism and the distribution of Buddhist texts. It was officially established on 17 June 1934. The center was originally located at 26 Blair Road.
By 1946, membership of the center increased to 2,000. The center began renting premises at 17 Kim Yam Road to cope with the increase in membership. In 1950, the building was purchased by the center with a donation of $10,000 from Zhang Jiamei and Zhong Tianshui and money obtained in a fundraising drive.
In 2014, the lodge planned to add a new worship hall.
In 2015, the president of the lodge, Lee Bock Guan, died and Simon Kuah took over presidency. Since May 2016, members of the lodge questioned management practices and financial irregularities by the management. In October, the Commissioner of Charities held a meeting with the board and senior managers. In late November, Kuah resigned all his posts with the lodge. Tan Lee Huak took over as acting president of the lodge. The lodge's chief executive, Neo Bee Noi, left in January 2017.
In 2020, during its 85th anniversary celebration, the new worship hall was opened and a new golden Buddha statue was consecrated. Total construction costs of the hall, statue and refurbishment works exceeded $63 million.

## Presidents

* Lee Bock Guan, 1993–2015
* Simon Kuah, 2015–2016
* Tan Lee Huak (acting), 2016–present
# Wuling Xingchi

The Wuling Xingchi (Chinese: 五菱星驰) is a subcompact crossover SUV produced by SAIC-GM-Wuling through the Wuling brand. It was introduced in September 2022 as the smallest SUV model of the brand under the Asta/Xingchen.

## Overview

The Wuling Xingchi is the fourth model that is equipped Wuling’s global silver badge, the Xingchi small crossover inherits the brand’s "dynamic wing" design DNA. It is offered in six trim levels in China.
The interior of the Wuling Xingchi is equipped with a 10.25-inch floating central control screen and a 3.5-inch instrument panel. The central control screen comes with the Ling OS System and supports functions including voice interaction, remote control, and OTA update.
* Rear view

### Powertrain

The Xingchi has two engine options with a 1.5-litre naturally aspirated petrol engine producing a maximum power of 73 kW (98 hp; 99 PS) and fuel consumption of 6.43 L/100 km (15.6 km/L; 43.9 mpg$_{‑imp}$; 36.6 mpg$_{‑US}$) paired with a manual transmission or a CVT. A 1.5-litre turbocharged engine with a maximum power of 108 kW (145 hp; 147 PS) and peak torque of 250 N⋅m (25 kg⋅m; 184 lb⋅ft). The 0 to 100 km/h (0 to 62 mph) acceleration time is 8.7 seconds.

## Wuling Alvez

In Indonesia, the Xingchi is sold as the Wuling Alvez, which was launched on 16 February 2023 at the 30th Indonesia International Motor Show. The Alvez is available in SE, CE and EX grade levels. The SE grade is available with 6-speed manual transmission, while the CE and EX grades are available with CVT.
According to Wuling's Indonesian subsidiary, the name Alvez is coined from the phrase "all at once".
In 22 March 2024, the Alvez was launched in Brunei.
* Wuling Alvez (Indonesia)
* Alvez interior

## Sales

| Year | China | Indonesia |
| 2022 | 10,005 | |
| 2023 | 42,432 | 5,923 |
| 2024 | 23,699 | 2,768 |
# Maryam's Bread

Maryam's Bread (Arabic: خبز مريم) (lit. Mary's Bread), also known as Yellow Bread (Arabic: الخبز الأصفر) is a traditional Eastern Arabian flatbread originating from Qatif, Saudi Arabia. The bread is notable for its golden color, use of date molasses, and its cultural significance in both Islamic and pre-Islamic traditions. Though its exact historical evolution remains undocumented, historical scholars suggest its origins may trace back approximately 2,000 years to the Nestorian Christian era in Qatif, predating Islam.

## History

While the exact timeline of its development remains unclear, it is believed that Maryam's Bread may have originated during the Nestorian Christian period in Qatif, approximately 2,000 years ago. The tradition of its preparation has been preserved through generations of local families, particularly in Qatif.

## Etymology

The bread's primary name derives from the Virgin Mary (Maryam bint Imran in Arabic), reflecting local folklore that suggests she used to bake and consume this type of bread. The alternative name "Yellow Bread" refers to its distinctive golden color, achieved through the combination of eggs and date molasses in the recipe.

## Cultural and Religious Significance

The bread holds significant cultural importance in Qatif during the annual commemoration of Maryam bint Imran's death, observed on the 25th of Safar (Hijri calendar). The observance, which includes communal bread-making, is believed to have roots in pre-Islamic practices of the region's early Christian communities.

## Preparation

The dough undergoes fermentation before being hand-shaped into circular discs. Prior to baking, the surface is brushed with egg wash and sprinkled with seeds. Traditionally, the bread is baked in a tannur, though modern adaptations may use conventional ovens.

### Ingredients

* Basic ingredients: wheat flour, water, and yeast
* Sweetening agents: date molasses or whole dates
* Enriching ingredients: eggs, yogurt, and olive oil
* Toppings: sesame seeds and nigella seeds
# E. C. Spykman

Elizabeth Choate Spykman (née Elizabeth Choate, July 17, 1896 – August 7, 1965) was an American author known primarily for her children's books.
Choate married geostrategist and founder of the department of international studies at Yale University Nicholas J. Spykman (pronounced "Spike-man") in her mid-thirties, and had two daughters. In 1955, at the age of 59, she published her first children's book, A Lemon and a Star. Her second, The Wild Angel, was published in 1957. Terrible, Horrible Edie was published in 1960, and her final children's book, Edie on the Warpath, was published posthumously in 1966.
These four books are about the Cares children growing up in Summerton, Massachusetts, in the 1910s. They are widely believed to be autobiographical fiction. Virginia Haviland, writing in The Horn Book, said of A Lemon and a Star, "A remarkable evocation of turn-of-the-century growing-up in a story with a strong feeling of particular family reminiscence and at the same time of universal childhood . . . Unusually well written."
Spykman also wrote a history of the Westover School in 1959. In this, she wrote of the Westover School architecture, "the building was intentionally kept free from luxury as unsuited to school life and out of harmony with the atmosphere of the village, and the quiet refinement which goes with straightforward simplicity."

## Early life

Elizabeth Choate Spykman was born on July 17, 1896, in Southborough, Massachusetts, the fourth of six children. Her father, Charles Francis Choate, Jr. was a prominent lawyer for leading Boston financial, communications, and railroad companies, as well as a regent for the Smithsonian Institution, with American roots stretching back to 1643. Amongst Spykman's prominent paternal ancestors are Rufus Choate, Helen Choate Bell, and uncles Joseph Hodges Choate and William Gardner Choate. Her grandfather, Charles Francis Choate, Sr. was the lawyer and later director of a railroad company, as well as leader of various Boston financial institutions.
Spykman's mother, Louise Burnett, was the 11th of 12 siblings, born in Southborough, Massachusetts, to Joseph Burnett (educator) and Josephine Cutter.
Spkyman's childhood home was on the western side of Southborough, an area largely occupied by the homes and properties of various Burnett relatives, with nearby reservoirs built in the 1890's to supply Boston with water, and was much like the setting of her novels.
# Tury

Tury is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Kościelec, within Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. It lies approximately 8 kilometres (5 mi) west of Kościelec, 12 km (7 mi) west of Koło, and 108 km (67 mi) east of the regional capital Poznań.
# Canonchet

Canonchet (also Nauntenoo or Cononchet or Quanonchet, died April 3, 1676) was a Narragansett Sachem and leader of Native American troops during the Great Swamp Fight and King Philip's War. He was a son of Miantonomo.
Canonchet was a leader of the separatist Native community, or those who did not ally with English colonialists and did not accept the authority of European settlers. He developed a reputation for resisting the colonial leaders, who viewed him as "Ringleader of almost all this mischief, and great incendiary betwixt us [the English] and the Narragansetts," and who said that as "the son of Miantonomi, and heir of all his pride and insolence, as well as his malice against the English," Canonchet was "a most perfideous villain." Once, when retreating from a group of Connecticut troops, he removed and threw down his European-style clothing as a way to symbolically challenge the ways of the settlers. He also maintained that traditional Native food sources, especially corn, were essential enough that it was worth risking capture to obtain them from contested regions. After the Narragansetts were driven from their tribal lands, he is said to have said: "We will die, to the last man, but we will not be slaves to the English." He proposed using the region of Northampton, Massachusetts as a refuge for children and the elderly.
These beliefs made Canonchet a target of colonial leaders, who commissioned Pequot, Mohegan, and Niantic executioners to kill him. The English decided to have Native executioners kill him because they believed, in the words of Increase Mather, that "those three Indian Nations are to become abominable to the other Indians [after killing Canonchet], and it is now their interest to be faithfull to the English, since their own Countrymen will never forgive them."
Canonchet was surprised and captured in Narragansett territory on April 2, 1676. His life was offered him on condition of making peace with the English, but he spurned the proposition. When informed that he was to be put to death, he said: "I like it well. I shall die before my heart is soft, and before I have spoken a word unworthy of myself." He asked to be executed by the Mohegan sachem Uncas, since he considered Uncas to be "his fellow Prince," as they were both sons of tribal chiefs. He was executed by the Mohegan sachem Oneco, the Pequot warrior Robin Cassacinamon, and the Niantic sachem Harman Garrett (or his son). After being shot, drawn, and quartered as a traitor in Stonington, Connecticut on April 3, Canonchet's head was sent to colonial leaders in Hartford, Connecticut, who celebrated his death.
# Roaring River (California)

The Roaring River is a 16.6-mile (26.7 km) long tributary of the South Fork Kings River, in the Sierra Nevada of Fresno County, California. The entire course of the river is within Kings Canyon National Park.
The river originates in the Great Western Divide at Triple Divide Peak, and flows northward through Cloud Canyon before turning northwest, entering Sugarloaf Valley, where it receives Sugarloaf Creek from the west. From there it flows north through a deep and inaccessible gorge, forming the Roaring River Falls near its confluence with the South Fork in Cedar Grove.
# LB&SCR E6 class

The London, Brighton and South Coast Railway E6 class was a class of 0-6-2T side tank steam locomotive designed by Robert Billinton. They were introduced in 1904 and were a development of the E5 class with smaller driving wheels intended for heavy short and medium-distance freight trains.

## History

The E3 class radial tanks were useful on all but the heaviest freight trains in the congested London area, which required rapid acceleration from signals in order to avoid holding up other traffic. Robert Billinton therefore produced a version of his successful E5 passenger tank class with smaller 4 ft 6 in (1.372 m) driving wheels for this purpose. Twelve locomotives were built by Brighton Works between December 1904 and December 1905. The last two locomotives were originally intended to be built as 0-8-0s for heavy shunting purposes but Billinton died in November 1904 before any were built and the order was subsequently changed by his successor D. E. Marsh.
The E6s were successful goods locomotives, but in 1911 two examples were rebuilt with the larger C3 class boiler and a C2X class smokebox and were re-classified E6X. These two locomotives proved to be very powerful, but used significantly more fuel and no more examples were rebuilt.
All of the class survived the transfer to Southern Railway ownership in 1923, and British Railways ownership in 1948. Withdrawal commenced in September 1957 and was completed by December 1962. No examples have been preserved.

## Numbering

British Railways (BR) numbers were 32407-32418. The E6X locomotives were 32407 and 32411.

## Sources

* Bradley, D.L. (1974). Locomotives of the London Brighton and South Coast Railway, Part 3. Railway Correspondence and Travel Society.
# Drigar Thubten Dargye Ling

Drigar Thubten Dargye Ling (Chinese: 直噶如灯大吉林中心), is a Buddhist center in Singapore. The foundation was originally set up by Guru Garchen Rinpoche. The present premises are located at Geylang, Singapore.

## Overview

Drigar Thubten Dargye Ling was founded in 2007 by Garchen Rinpoche. The original name was Dri Thubten Dargye Ling.
# Up, Bustle and Out

Up, Bustle and Out are musicians and recording artists - Rupert Mould (also known as Señor Rudi) from Bristol, Senor Cuffy (Spanish Guitarist), Dave Cridge (Beat Keeper and tour/soundsystem dj) Eugenia Knight (percussion and Vocals) UK. They have released a number of albums and singles on the Ninja Tune independent record label.
Their music combines electronic music, jazz, hip-hop and funk, but with a distinctly international flavour, particularly South American and Cuban influences. The two Master Sessions albums were co-written by Cuban flautist and orchestrator, Richard Egües.

## Discography

* The Breeze Was Mellow (As The Guns Cooled In The Cellar) (April 1994, Ninja Tune, Cat: ZENCD13)
* One Colour Just Reflects Another (May 1996, Ninja Tune, Cat: ZENCD19)
* Light 'em Up, Blow 'em Out (May 1997, Ninja Tune, Cat: ZENCD27)
* Rebel Radio Master Sessions Vol.1 (Jun 2000, Ninja Tune, Cat: ZENCD46)
* Master Sessions Vol 2 (July 2001, Ninja Tune, Cat: ZENCD58)
* Urban Evacuation (10 February 2003, Unique Records, Cat: UNIQ0692)
* City Breakers (7 October 2004, Routes Music, Cat: RTS01) (double vinyl only)
* The Mexican Sessions (June 2006)
* City Breakers - 18 Frames Per Second (Due for release 30 January 2006, Collision Records)
* Istanbul's Secrets, with Sevval Sam (February 2008, Collision Records, Cat: CCT3017-2) - double CD, vocal and dub versions
* Soliloquy, (April 2010, Collision Records, Cat: CCT3020-2)
There is also a limited edition version of Rebel Radio Master Sessions Vol.1 (Cat: ZENCD46BK) that includes a book entitled "The Rebel Radio Diary".
# Autopilot (disambiguation)

The autopilot, or automatic pilot, is an aircraft system that automatically maintains a predetermined route or trajectory.
Autopilot may also refer to:

## Vehicles

* Self-steering gear, a ship's system to automatically maintain a chosen course
* Tesla Autopilot, an advanced driver-assistance system offered on Tesla cars

## Music

* Automatic Pilot, a 1980s music group created by members of the San Francisco Gay Men's Chorus
* Autopilot (album), the fourth studio album released by American band The Samples
* "Autopilot", song from Coming Up for Air (Kodaline album)
* "Autopilot", Matthew Ryan Concussion (album)
* "Autopilot", Parts & Labor Groundswell (album)
* "Autopilot", a song by Seam from The Problem With Me

## Other

* Autopilot, a possibly former Biafran separatist organization led by Simon Ekpa
# NGC 7418

NGC 7418 is an intermediate spiral galaxy located in the constellation Grus. It is located at a distance of circa 60 million light-years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 7418 is about 60,000 light-years across. It was discovered by John Herschel on August 30, 1834.

## Characteristics

NGC 7418 has a bright nucleus incorporated into a bar. The bar appears strong in the infrared H-band while in the optical wavelengths it appears weaker or even unbarred. The spiral arms of the galaxy emanate from the end of the bar. The galaxy has four grand design spiral arms. Their inner parts have knots while the outermost are smooth. The galaxy is seen with an inclination of 42 degrees.
In the centre of NGC 7418 is believed to lie a supermassive black hole with an estimated mass between 1 and 15 million (10$^{6.58±0.59)}$ M$_☉$, based on the spiral pitch angle. The centre of the galaxy has also been found to host a massive stellar cluster, with an estimated mass of nearly 60 million (10$^{7.78±0.19}$) M$_☉$. The existence of this nuclear star cluster doesn't rule out the existence of a supermassive black hole. Galaxies like the Milky Way and the Andromeda Galaxy have been found to host both. The stellar population at the nucleus of NGC 7418 has been found to be quite young, with mean age less than 100 million years, indicating recent star forming activity.
One supernova has been observed in NGC 7418, SN 1983 Z. It was discovered by L. E. Gonzalez at Cerro El Roble 11" west and 52" south of the nucleus. On September 3, 1983 it had an apparent magnitude of 15.5.

## Nearby galaxies

NGC 7418 is a member of a galaxy group known as the IC 1459 group. It is a loose group centred at IC 1459 and contains a large number of spiral galaxies. Other members include NGC 7418A, NGC 7421, IC 5264, IC 5269, IC 5269B, IC 5270, and IC 5273. NGC 7421 lies 19.5 arcminutes away and NGC 7418A lies 16.5 arcminutes to the north as seen in the sky. This group, along with the NGC 7582 group, form the Grus cloud, a region of elevated galaxy density. The Grus cloud, along with the nearby Pavo-Indus cloud, lies between the Local Supercluster and Pavo–Indus Supercluster.
The group features both diffuse X-ray emission from the intergalactic medium and HI emission. Based on the presence of both, it has been suggested that the group is in its early stages of assembling from different subgroups. Three HI clouds have been found to be associated with the group, two located near IC 5270 and one near NGC 7418, at its northwest edge, with total mass 6×10$^8$ M$_☉$. These HI clouds are believed to have formed from gas stripped from the galaxies as a result of interactions.
# List of Arkansas suffragists

This is a list of Arkansas suffragists, suffrage groups and others associated with the cause of women's suffrage in Arkansas.

## Groups

* Arkansas Equal Suffrage Association (AESA), organized in 1888.
* Arkansas Federation of Women's Clubs (AFWC).
* Arkansas Woman Suffrage Association (AWSA), formed in 1881.
* The second iteration of the Arkansas Woman Suffrage Association (AWSA), created in 1914. It was also known as the Arkansas Equal Suffrage Central Committee (AESCC).
* Washington County Women's Suffrage Association, formed in 1915.
* Women's Political Equality League (PEL), starts meeting in 1913.

## Suffragists

* Freda Hogan Ameringer (Huntington).
* Bernie Babcock (Little Rock).
* Ida Jones Brooks (Little Rock).
* Mary Burt Brooks.
* Haryot Holt Cahoon.
* Hattie Wyatt Caraway.
* Fannie L. Chunn (Little Rock).
* Florence Brown Cotnam (Little Rock).
* Catherine Campbell Cunningham (Little Rock).
* Alice S. Ellington.
* Pauline Floyd (El Dorado).
* Minnie Rutherford Fuller (Little Rock).
* Lizzie Dorman Fyler (Eureka Springs).
* Olive Gatlin Leigh.
* Jean Vernor Jennings (Little Rock).
* Adele Johnson (Hot Springs).
* Mary W. Loughborough (Little Rock).
* Josephine Miller (Little Rock).
* James Mitchell (Little Rock).
* Clara McDiarmid (Little Rock).
* Adolphine Fletcher Terry (1882–1976) – author, advocate for women's suffrage, education reform and social justice in Arkansas.
* Gertrude Watkins (Little Rock).

### Politicians supporting women's suffrage

* E.P. Hill.
* Miles Ledford Langley (Arkadelphia).
* John A. Riggs (Garland County).
* George P. Whittington (Hot Springs).

## Places

* Little Rock City Hall.

## Publications

* Woman's Chronicle.

## Suffragists campaigning in Arkansas

* Susan B. Anthony.
* Carrie Chapman Catt.
* Phoebe Couzins.
* Frances A. Griffin.
* Lide Meriwether.
* Alice Paul.
* Anna Howard Shaw.
* Mabel Vernon.

## Anti-suffragists in Arkansas

People
* Walker Smith (Magnolia).
# Anna Pawlusiak

Anna Pawlusiak (married name Dobija, born 10 February 1952) is a Polish cross-country skier. She competed in three events at the 1976 Winter Olympics.

## Cross-country skiing results
### Olympic Games

| Year | Age | 5 km | 10 km | 4 × 5 km  relay |
| 1976 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 8 |
# LB&SCR G class

The LB&SCR G class were powerful 2-2-2 locomotives, designed by William Stroudley of the London, Brighton and South Coast Railway in 1874.

## History

A prototype single locomotive, No. 151 Grosvenor, was designed by Stroudley and produced by Brighton railway works in December 1874. This was extensively tested before a second, scaled down locomotive No. 325 Abergavenny, was ordered in June 1876 and completed in January 1877. Both locomotives performed adequately, but Abergavenny was significantly less powerful than Grosvenor. A modified design was developed and twelve further locomotives were built between December 1880 and November 1881. The members of this class worked express trains between London and South Coast towns such as Portsmouth, Brighton and Eastbourne, and covered large mileages. The introduction of the Billinton B2 class made the singles redundant on the Portsmouth line and so several were transferred to Tunbridge Wells.
Withdrawals began in May 1907, and the last locomotive survived until May 1914. No examples have been preserved, but there is a model of No. 331 Fairlight in the museum at Sheffield Park on the Bluebell Railway.

## Locomotive summary

G class fleet summary :
| LBSC No. | Date Built | New No. | Date | Name | Withdrawn |
| 151 | December 1874 | 326 | December 1880 | Grosvenor | May 1907 |
| 325 | January 1877 | | | Abergavenny | June 1909 |
| 327 | December 1880 | | | Imberhorne | April 1910 |
| 328 | February 1881 | | | Sutherland | April 1908 |
| 329 | May 1881 | 329A | December 1909 | Stephenson | May 1914 |
| 330 | June 1881 | | | Newhaven | November 1908 |
| 331 | July 1881 | | | Fairlight | February 1909 |
| 332 | July 1881 | | | Shanklin | March 1910 |
| 333 | August 1881 | | | Ventnor | November 1908 |
| 334 | July 1881 | | | Petworth | November 1908 |
| 335 | October 1881 | | | Connaught | May 1907 |
| 336 | October 1881 | | | Edinburgh | May 1907 |
| 337 | October 1881 | | | Yarmouth | June 1908 |
| 338 | November 1881 | | | Bembridge | July 1908 |
| 339 | December 1881 | | | London | November 1908 |
| 340 | December 1881 | | | Medina | November 1908 |
| 341 | January 1882 | | | Parkhurst | June 1907 |
| 342 | January 1882 | | | St Lawrence | January 1911 |
| 343 | January 1882 | | | Wilmington | June 1907 |
| 344 | January 1882 | | | Hurstmonceux | November 1908 |
| 345 | March 1882 | | | Plumpton | January 1911 |
| 346 | April 1882 | | | Alfriston | November 1908 |
| 347 | April 1882 | | | Dallington | June 1908 |
| 348 | April 1882 | | | Lullington | July 1908 |
| 349 | May 1882 | | | Albany | March 1910 |
| 350 | May 1882 | | | Southbourne | July 1908 |

## Sources

* Bradley, D.L. (1969). The locomotives of the London, Brighton & South Coast Railway: Part 1. The Railway Correspondence and Travel Society.
* Ahrons, E.L. (1927). The British Steam Railway Locomotive from 1825 to 1925. London Locomotive Publishing Co. Ltd. p. 187.