# Kandi subdivision

Kandi subdivision is an administrative subdivision of Murshidabad district in the state of West Bengal, India.

## Overview

The Bhagirathi River splits the district into two natural physiographic regions – Rarh on the west and Bagri on the east. Kandi subdivision lies in the Mayurakshi Dwaraka plain in the south-eastern corner of the Rarh region. The Rarh region is undulating and contains mostly clay and lateritic clay based soil.

## Geography
### Subdivisions

Murshidabad district is divided into the following administrative subdivisions:
| Subdivision | Headquarters | Area km$^2$ | Population (2011) | Rural Population % (2011) | Urban Population % (2011) |
| Barhampur | Baharampur | 1,195.57 | 1,725,525 | 80.15 | 19.85 |
| Kandi | Kandi | 1,200.76 | 1,155,645 | 93.21 | 6.79 |
| Jangipur | Jangipur | 1,097.82 | 1,972,308 | 56.43 | 43.57 |
| Lalbag | Murshidabad | 1019.10 | 1,253,886 | 92.36 | 7.64 |
| Domkol | Domkol | 837.88 | 996,443 | 97.55 | 2.45 |
| Murshidabad district | | 5,324.00 | 7,103,807 | 80.28 | 19.72 |

### Administrative units

Kandi subdivision has 5 police stations, 5 community development blocks, 5 panchayat samitis, 50 gram panchayats, 552 mouzas, 510 inhabited villages, 1 municipality and 1 census town. The municipality is: Kandi. The census town is: Salar. The subdivision has its headquarters at Kandi, Murshidabad.

### Police stations

Police stations in Kandi subdivision have the following features and jurisdiction:
| Police station | Area covered km$^2$ | Municipal town | CD Block |
| Kandi | n/a | Kandi | Kandi |
| Khargram | n/a | - | Khargram |
| Burwan | n/a | - | Burwan |
| Bharatapur | n/a | - | Bharatpur I |
| Salar | n/a | - | Bharatpur II |

### Gram Panchayats

The subdivision contains 50 gram panchayats under 5 community development blocks:
* Kandi CD Block - Andulia, Hizole, Kumarsanda, Purandarpur, Gokarna-I, Jashahari Anukha–I, Mahalandi–I, Gokarna–II, Jashahari Anukha–II and Mahalandi–II.
* Khargram CD Block - Eroali, Jaipur, Kirtipur, Padamkandi, Balia, Jhilli, Mahisar, Parulia, Indrani, Khargram, Margram and Sadal.
* Burwan CD Block - Burwan–I, Kalyanpur–II, Panchthupi, Sundarpur, Burwan–II, Kharjuna, Sabaldaha, Biprasekhar, Kuli, Sabalpur, Kalyanpur–I, Kurunnorun and Sahora.
* Bharatpur I CD Block - Alugram, Bharatpur, Gundiria, Sijgram, Amlai, Gadda, Jajan and Talgram.
* Bharatpur II CD Block - Kagram, Salar, Simulia, Tenya–Baidyapur, Malihati, Salu and Talibpur.

### Blocks

Community development blocks in Kandi subdivision are:
| CD Block | Headquarters | Area km$^2$ | Population (2011) | SC % | ST % | Muslims % | Hindus % | Decadal Growth Rate 2001-2011 % | Literacy Rate % | Census Towns |
| Kandi | Kandi | 227.48 | 220,145 | 16.29 | 1.54 | 60.65 | 38.82 | 14.01 | 65.13 | - |
| Khargram | Nagar | 318.45 | 272,332 | 21.93 | 0.89 | 54.22 | 45.43 | 16.42 | 63.56 | - |
| Burwan | Gram Salkia | 299.66 | 257,466 | 24.51 | 1.15 | 43.06 | 56.76 | 14.74 | 68.96 | - |
| Bharatpur I | Bharatpur | 183.72 | 172,702 | 13.82 | 0.25 | 57.45 | 42.39 | 14.45 | 62.93 | - |
| Bharatpur II | Salar | 158.50 | 176,368 | 18.70 | 0.11 | 57.71 | 42.16 | 17.47 | 66.07 | 1 |

## Economy
### Infrastructure

All inhabited villages in Murshidabad district have power supply.
See the individual block pages for more information about the infrastructure available.

### Agriculture

Murshidabad is a predominantly agricultural district. A majority of the population depends on agriculture for a living. The land is fertile. The eastern portion of the Bhagirathi, an alluvial tract, is very fertile for growing Aus paddy, jute and rabi crops. The Kalantar area in the south-eastern portion of the district, is a low lying area with stiff dark clay and supports mainly the cultivation of Aman paddy. The west flank of the Bhagirathi is a lateritic tract intersected by numerous bils and old riverbeds. It supports the cultivation of Aman paddy, sugar cane and mulberry.
Given below is an overview of the agricultural production (all data in tonnes) for Kandi subdivision, other subdivisions and the Murshidabad district, with data for the year 2013-14.
| CD Block/ Subdivision | Rice | Wheat | Jute | Pulses | Oil seeds | Potatoes | Sugarcane |
| Kandi | 140,043 | 608 | 3,555 | 1,411 | 2,872 | 8,300 | 4,265 |
| Khargram | 124,132 | 125 | 41 | 101 | 3,609 | 29,960 | 80,757 |
| Burwan | 42,272 | 2,314 | 445 | 1,486 | 1,973 | 37,401 | 8,196 |
| Bharatpur I | 120,191 | 966 | - | 1,809 | 782 | 4,613 | 12,060 |
| Bharatpur II | 60,569 | 144 | 2,145 | 11 | 119 | 5,612 | 1,368 |
| Kandi subdivision | 487,207 | 4,157 | 6,186 | 4,818 | 9,355 | 85,886 | 106,646 |
| Barhampur subdivision | 268,587 | 109,091 | 914,791 | 5,758 | 35,315 | 39,914 | 160,221 |
| Jangipur subdivision | 207,472 | 45,261 | 207,425 | 9,374 | 12,375 | 38,197 | 52,344 |
| Lalbag subdivision | 68,034 | 20,304 | 427,450 | 7,809 | 22,592 | 40,997 | 3,295 |
| Domkol subdivision | 80,899 | 109,518 | 730,393 | 16,755 | 33,410 | 117,082 | 25,023 |
| Murshidabad district | 1,112,199 | 288,331 | 2,286,245 | 44,514 | 113,047 | 322.076 | 347,529 |

## Education

Murshidabad district had a literacy rate of 66.59% (for population of 7 years and above) as per the census of India 2011. Barhampur subdivision had a literacy rate of 72.60%, Kandi subdivision 66.28%, Jangipur subdivision 60.95%, Lalbag subdivision 68.00% and Domkal subdivision 68.35%. Given in the table below is a comprehensive picture of the education scenario in Murshidabad district for the year 2013-14:
| Subdivision | Primary School | Primary School | Middle School | Middle School | High School | High School | Higher Secondary School | Higher Secondary School | General College, Univ | General College, Univ | Technical / Professional Instt | Technical / Professional Instt | Non-formal Education | Non-formal Education |
| Subdivision | Institution | Student | Institution | Student | Institution | Student | Institution | Student | Institution | Student | Institution | Student | Institution | Student |
| Barhampur | 728 | 88,371 | 107 | 13,364 | 37 | 31,214 | 92 | 162,613 | 7 | 17,418 | 11 | 2,796 | 2,278 | 100,164 |
| Kandi | 672 | 66,030 | 105 | 11,248 | 46 | 32,752 | 61 | 87,482 | 5 | 7,830 | 3 | 400 | 1,717 | 74,370 |
| Jangipur | 747 | 144,416 | 72 | 14,159 | 25 | 30,004 | 76 | 194,025 | 5 | 15,335 | 5 | 500 | 2,793 | 160,236 |
| Lalbag | 601 | 72,429 | 74 | 8,997 | 24 | 22,174 | 66 | 120,454 | 5 | 13,088 | 7 | 759 | 2,082 | 93,891 |
| Domkol | 432 | 52,177 | 73 | 11,791 | 22 | 23,201 | 47 | 86,672 | 3 | 7,211 | 11 | 2,457 | 1,612 | 74,330 |
| Murshidabad district | 3,180 | 423,423 | 431 | 59,559 | 154 | 139,345 | 342 | 651,246 | 25 | 60,882 | 37 | 6,912 | 10,482 | 502,991 |
Note: Primary schools include junior basic schools; middle schools, high schools and higher secondary schools include madrasahs; technical schools include junior technical schools, junior government polytechnics, industrial technical institutes, industrial training centres, nursing training institutes etc.; technical and professional colleges include engineering colleges, medical colleges, para-medical institutes, management colleges, teachers training and nursing training colleges, law colleges, art colleges, music colleges etc. Special and non-formal education centres include sishu siksha kendras, madhyamik siksha kendras, centres of Rabindra mukta vidyalaya, recognised Sanskrit tols, institutions for the blind and other handicapped persons, Anganwadi centres, reformatory schools etc. The following institutions are located in Kandi subdivision:
* Kandi Raj College was established in 1950 by the Kandi Raj family at Kandi.
* Raja Birendra Chandra College was established in 1965 at Kandi. It was earlier known as Kandi Raj College of Commerce.
* Bimal Chandra College of Law was established at Kandi in 2002 with the untiring efforts of Atish Chandra Sinha, a doyen of the Kandi Raj family. It is affiliated with the University of Kalyani and approved by the Bar Council of India.
* Panchthupi Haripada Gouribala College was established in 1996 at Panchthupi.
* Sunil Dhar Memorial B.P.Ed. College, a college for physical education, was established at Panchthupi in 2007.
* Nagar College was established in 1998 at Nagar.
* Muzaffar Ahmed Mahavidyalaya was established in 1986 at Salar.

## Healthcare

The table below (all data in numbers) presents an overview of the medical facilities available and patients treated in the hospitals, health centres and sub-centres in 2014 in Murshidabad district.
| Subdivision | Health & Family Welfare Deptt, WB | Health & Family Welfare Deptt, WB | Health & Family Welfare Deptt, WB | Health & Family Welfare Deptt, WB | Other State Govt Deptts | Local bodies | Central Govt Deptts / PSUs | NGO / Private Nursing Homes | Total | Total Number of Beds | Total Number of Doctors* | Indoor Patients | Outdoor Patients |
| Subdivision | Hospitals | Rural Hospitals | Block Primary Health Centres | Primary Health Centres | Other State Govt Deptts | Local bodies | Central Govt Deptts / PSUs | NGO / Private Nursing Homes | Total | Total Number of Beds | Total Number of Doctors* | Indoor Patients | Outdoor Patients |
| Barhampur | 2 | 2 | 4 | 15 | 3 | - | - | 45 | 71 | 1,645 | 282 | 149,393 | 2,094,027 |
| Kandi | 1 | 2 | 3 | 17 | 1 | - | - | 6 | 30 | 567 | 68 | 85,624 | 1,005,056 |
| Jangipur | 1 | 1 | 6 | 15 | - | - | 2 | 12 | 37 | 590 | 62 | 141,427 | 1,043,548 |
| Lalbag | 1 | 2 | 3 | 14 | - | 1 | 1 | 23 | 45 | 483 | 65 | 105,562 | 1,154,275 |
| Domkol | 1 | 2 | 2 | 9 | - | - | - | 19 | 33 | 252 | 44 | 45,110 | 802,309 |
| Murshidabad district | 6 | 9 | 18 | 70 | 4 | 1 | 3 | 105 | 216 | 2,537 | 521 | 527,116 | 6,099,215 |
.* Excluding nursing homes
Medical facilities in Kandi subdivision are as follows:
Hospitals: (Name, location, beds) Kandi Subdivisional Hospital, Kandi, 250 beds Home for Lunatic Vagrants, Mahalandi, 10 beds
Rural Hospitals: (Name, block, location, beds) Burwan Rural Hospital, Burwan CD Block, Burwan, 30 beds Khargram Rural Hospital, Khargram CD Block, Khargram, 50 beds Gokarna Rural Hospital, Kandi CD Block, Gokarna, 15 beds Bharatpur Rural Hospital, Bharatapur I CD Block, Bharatpur, 30 beds Salar Rural Hospital, Bharatpur II CD Block, Salar, 30 beds
Primary Health Centres: (CD Block-wise)(CD Block, PHC location, beds) Kandi CD Block: Bahara (6), Purandarpur (10), Lakshmikantapur (2) Bharatpur I CD Block: Amlai (4), Jajan (10)
Bharatpur II CD Block: Kagram (6), Simulia, Duttabarutia (6), Talibpur (10), Tenya (4) Burwan CD Block: Kuli (6), Kharjuna (Subaldaha) (4), Panchthupi (10), Sundarpur (10) Khargram CD Block: Margram (10), Jhili, Nonadanga (10), Parulia, Debiparulia (10), Indrani (2)

## Electoral constituencies

Lok Sabha (parliamentary) and Vidhan Sabha (state assembly) constituencies in Kandi subdivision were as follows:
| Lok Sabha constituency | Reservation | Vidhan Sabha constituency | Reservation | CD Block and/or Gram panchayats and/or municipal areas |
| Baharampur | None | Kandi | None | Kandi municipality, Kandi CD Block, and Satui Chaurigachha GPs of Berhampore CD Block |
| | | Burwan | Reserved for SC | Biprasekhar, Burwan I, Burwan II, Kharjuna, Kuli, Kurunnorun, Panchthupi, Sabaldaha, Sabalpur, Sahora and Sundarpur gram panchayats of Burwan community development block and Gadda, Jajan and Gundiria GPs of Bharatpur I CD Block |
| | | 5 assembly segments in Barhampur subdivision | | |
| Jangipur | None | Khargram | Reserved for SC | Khargram CD Block, and Kalyanpur I and Kalyanpur II GPs of Burwan CD Block |
| | | 4 assembly segments in Jangipur subdivision and 2 assembly segments in Lalbag subdivision | | |