OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Chemical Industries of Ethylene Oxide explosion

On 14 January 2020, two explosions at the Chemical Industries of Ethylene Oxide (IQOXE) site in Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain, killed three offsite people and injured seven.
The site is operated by IQOXE, which is the only producer of ethylene oxide in Spain with an installed capacity of 140,000 tonnes per year, and 50% of this production is destined to the manufacture of glycol, one of the main raw materials for the production of PET polymers. Because of the toxic nature of the chemicals it produces, the site is covered by the Seveso-III directive.

## Sequence

The first explosion occurred between 18:40 and 19:00 and affected an ethylene oxide tank of the company. The second one affected a transformation station of the same company. The blast was noticed within a radius of several kilometres.
Following the explosion, there was a severe fire with a large smoke plume. Thirty teams of firefighters ensured that the propylene oxide left in the tank burned in a controlled manner.
Following the explosion and the fire, a 500-metre (547 yd) exclusion zone was imposed; railway lines and a highway were closed. As a temporary measure, people in the area (populations of La Canonja, Vilaseca and 3 neighbourhoods of Tarragona) were confined in their homes. They were advised to keep doors and windows closed until more information would be available about the eventual toxicity of the smoke of the fire.
Two workers of the plant were killed off-site, due to a collapsing roof. A third person, Sergio Millán, 59, was killed after being struck by a steel plate, which was most likely the lid of the reactor tank, that was catapulted over a distance of 2 km (1.2 mi) due to the blast of the explosion. A video taken by a security camera shows the plate flying through the air.
The weight of the reactor lid was 800 kg (1,764 lb). Seven employees were injured, two of them seriously due to major burns. The injured were treated in hospitals in Barcelona and Tarragona.

## Ethylene oxide

Ethylene oxide is a very hazardous substance. At room temperature it is a flammable, carcinogenic, mutagenic, irritating, and anaesthetic gas. It is used for making many consumer products as well as non-consumer chemicals and intermediates. These products include detergents, thickeners, solvents, plastics, and various organic chemicals.

## Site classification

The IQOXE site is classified as an "upper tier establishment" under Directive 2012/18/EU, meaning its operators should comply with the strictest safety regimen. It is listed in the Electronic Seveso Plant Information Retrieval System database. Article 20 states the period between two consecutive inspections at such sites shall not exceed one year.
# Alexis Magallon de la Morlière

Alexis Magallon de la Morlière, also written Lamorlière, was born on 3 January 1707 in Grenoble (Isère), died on 30 January 1799 in Versailles (Yvelines), was a lieutenant-general of the French Revolution.

## Service record

He entered service on 30 March 1728, as a second lieutenant in the Burgundy Regiment, and took part in the siege of Philippsbourg in 1734, then he became lieutenant on 7 February 1736, and captain on 26 August 1738. He was employed in Bavaria during the campaigns of 1741 to 1743, he was at the Battle of Dettingen on 27 June 1743 and in Flanders in 1744, under the orders of Maurice of Saxony.
On 16 December 1744 he obtained a commission as lieutenant-colonel, and on 11 May 1745 he fought at Fontenoy. He was named colonel on 16 October 1745, in the Morlière Regiment, composed of 500 horses and 1,000 infantrymen. From 1746 to 1748 he participated in several glorious expeditions with his regiment. He was at the siege of Ghent in July 1746, and at the battle of Rocourt the following October 11.
On 2 July 1747 he took part in the Battle of Lauffeld, and on 27 July he was promoted to the rank of brigadier. He took part in the siege of Berg-op-Zoom and on 6 April 1750 he was given the position of master of the late queen's wardrobe, a position he held again in 1770, alongside the Dauphine who had become Queen of France.
In 1754 he was sent to Dauphiné, tasked with destroying the bands of smugglers who were operating in this region. He succeeded in arresting Mandrin and the main leaders of his armed bands. Appointed colonel on 1 April 1757, he was at the Battle of Hastenbeck on 26 July 1757. He was promoted to field marshal on 10 February 1759, and lieutenant-general on 25 July 1762.
Retired since February 1791, he returned to service on 1 June 1792, becoming commander-in-chief of the Army of the Rhine. He was made Grand Cross of Saint-Louis on 7 March 1792. He was placed on leave on 15 May 1793, and he finally retired on 11 February 1798, at the age of 91.
He died on 30 January 1799 in Versailles.
He is the father of General François-Louis Magallon [fr] (1754–1825).

## Sources

* Alexis Magallon de la Morlière sur roglo.eu
* Aubert de la Chesnaye-Desbois, François Alexandre (1868). Dictionnaire de la noblesse, tome 12. Schlesinger frères, Paris. p. 365. Retrieved 7 May 2014.
* Robinet, Docteur; Eugène, Jean-François; Le Chapelain, J. Dictionnaire historique et biographique de la révolution et de l'empire, 1789-1815, volume 2. Librairie Historique de la révolution et de l’empire. p. 473. Retrieved 7 May 2014.
# Executive Order 13995

Executive Order 13995, officially titled Ensuring an Equitable Pandemic Response and Recovery, was signed on January 21, 2021, and was the eleventh executive order signed by U.S. President Joe Biden. The order works to guarantee a fair response and recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic. It was rescinded by Donald Trump within hours of his assuming office on January 20, 2025.

## Provisions

This order created the COVID-19 Health Equity Task Force within the Department of Health and Human Services. The task force aimed at addressing the pandemic's disproportionate and severe impact on people of color and other under-served populations. The task group gave the President specific suggestions on how to reduce the health inequalities that COVID-19 causes or exacerbates, including how state and municipal officials allocate equitable resources and resources and communicate with communities with colors and underserved peoples. In addition, the task force worked with heads of key agencies to collect data to prepare long-term recommendations to remedy deficiencies.

## Effects

The order established a COVID-19 Health Equity Task Force within the United States Department of Health and Human Services. This was intended to benefit communities of color and underserved populations because the government will now be making a more concerted effort to ensure that all people have the same resources and are treated equally.
# Björn Ekegren

Björn Ekegren (born August 26, 1955), is a Swedish sculptor, glass artist and painter who primarily works with sand cast glass art.

## Early life

Björn Ekegren was born in Askim, Göteborg in Sweden and at the age of 5 moved to Saltsjöbaden outside of Stockholm where he grew up. Björn Ekegren is one of six siblings.

## Life and art

Between 1970 and 1993 Björn Ekegren painted and produced primarily aquarelles and lithographies in a naturalistic, almost impressionistic style, where light and atmosphere where important in conveying the shifting seasons.
After educating himself on glass molding techniques Björn Ekegren turned to sculpturing. His primary medium is glass, but also bronze. Björn Ekegren's sculptures are created using a sand casting technique similar to the one used by the Ancient Egyptians. The colours, such as blue, turquoise and ochre, are inspired by the Mediterranean. The sculptures bridge the disparate art glass traditions and influences to create a unique form of expression. Often they carry the shape of faces and statues - meditative, sacral and worshipping of freedom. Björn Ekegren is known as a pioneer among Swedish glass artists for originating new casting techniques and uses of materials in combination with glass.
Björn Ekegren lives in Höganäs, Skåne, where he also has his studio. His sculptures are primarily produced in his own studio and at Bergdala glasbruk in Småland, a province in southern Sweden with a long heritage of creating art glass. At the glassworks, Björn Ekegren has four masters from Bergdala glasbruk at his assistance.

## Exhibitions

Björn Ekegren has displayed his work at several galleries and exhibitions around the US and Europe.
# West Branch Pleasant River (Piscataquis River tributary)

The West Branch Pleasant River is a 36.1-mile-long (58.1 km) tributary of the Piscataquis River in Piscataquis County, Maine. From a location north of Fourth West Branch Pond (45°36′32″N 69°16′08″W﻿ / ﻿45.609°N 69.269°W﻿ / 45.609; -69.269﻿ (West Branch Pleasant River source)) in Shawtown (Township A, Range 12, WELS), the river runs about 18 miles (29 km) counterclockwise around the White Cap Mountain massif, then about 18 miles (29 km) southeast to its confluence with the East Branch of the Pleasant River in Brownville.
The Appalachian Trail crosses the West Branch (45°28′44″N 69°17′19″W﻿ / ﻿45.4790°N 69.28865°W﻿ / 45.4790; -69.28865﻿ (Appalachian Trail x West Branch Pleasant River)) at The Hermitage Preserve in Bowdoin College Grant East (T.7 R.10 NWP). The Hermitage contains a roughly 35-acre (14 ha) grove — one of the few stands of old-growth Eastern White Pine remaining in New England. Just upstream from The Hermitage is Gulf Hagas (45°29′10″N 69°19′34″W﻿ / ﻿45.486°N 69.326°W﻿ / 45.486; -69.326﻿ (Gulf Hagas gorge)), a 2.5-mile-long (4.0 km) water-formed canyon. The river falls 500 feet (150 m) in the canyon, including multiple waterfalls. Gulf Hagas and The Hermitage are among the 14 National Natural Landmarks in Maine, designated in 1968 and 1979 respectively.
# West Branch Upper Ammonoosuc River

The West Branch of the Upper Ammonoosuc River is a 6.1-mile-long (9.8 km) river in northern New Hampshire in the United States. It is a tributary of the Upper Ammonoosuc River and part of the Connecticut River watershed. For most of its length, it is within the White Mountain National Forest.
The West Branch rises in the township of Kilkenny, New Hampshire, in a basin on the east side of Mount Cabot, the highest peak in the Pilot Range. The river flows east into Berlin, passing the Berlin National Fish Hatchery at York Pond before joining the Upper Ammonoosuc River.
# West Creek (New Jersey)

West Creek is a 12.3-mile-long (19.8 km) tributary of Delaware Bay in Cape May County, New Jersey in the United States.
The name "West Creek" is derived from the Lenape word "westeconk," meaning "place of fat meat." It rises in the swamps to the west of Halberton, in Maurice River Township, and flows southward towards Belleplain State Forest. It was formerly dammed at Hoffman's Mill, but the pond is now drained. Southward, two dams still intact form Hands Millpond and Pickle Factory Pond. Below Pickle Factory Pond, it forms part of the boundary between Cape May and Cumberland Counties. It enters the tidal marshes, passing along the west side of the Stipson Island peninsula, near the south end of which is located an old landing, and empties into the bay.

## Tributaries

* Watering Branch
# West Fork San Juan River

West Fork San Juan River is a tributary of the San Juan River in Minerala and Archuleta counties in Colorado, United States. The stream flows from a source near South River Peak in Mineral County to a confluence with the East Fork San Juan River in Archuleta County that forms the San Juan River.
# West Okaw River

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The West Okaw River is a tributary of the Kaskaskia River, which it joins in Moultrie County, Illinois. The West Okaw forms an arm of Lake Shelbyville where the natural rivers used to meet.
The West Okaw is the western fork of the Kaskaskia, which was formerly known as the Okaw. The name "Okaw" comes from the Mississippi Valley French au Kaskaskies ("to the Kaskaskias"), which was commonly shortened to au Kas. The town of Okawville is located close to the Kaskaskia, but about 100 miles downstream from the West Okaw. The Okaw Valley Council of the Boy Scouts of America is also centered on the Kaskaskia River, far downstream from the West Okaw.
The West Okaw is about 32 miles (51 km) in length, as measured from the junction of the arms of Lake Shelbyville. This figure includes the drainage ditches, which extend the stream about eight miles above the natural channel.
The watershed of the West Okaw was formed during the Wisconsin glaciation, about 70,000 to 10,000 years before present. The Wisconsin ice sheet advanced roughly to the Lake Shelbyville Dam, forming a terminal moraine. The meltwater overtopped the moraine, forming the modern Kaskaskia River, which flowed on through land of older Illinoian Stage.

## Cities, towns and counties

The following cities, towns and villages are in the West Okaw watershed:
* Bethany
* Dalton City
* Hammond
* LaPlace
* Lovington
Parts of the following Illinois counties are drained by the West Okaw:
* Macon County
* Moultrie County
* Piatt County
* Shelby County
# West River (Vermont)

The West River is a tributary of the Connecticut River, about 53.8 miles (86.6 km) long, in southern Vermont in the United States. According to the Geographic Names Information System, it has also been known historically as "Wantastiquet" and as "Waters of the Lonely Way". Its watershed covers 423 square miles (1,100 km$^2$); land use is about 90% forested and 3% agricultural, and the upper river supports wild native brook and wild brown trout, while Atlantic salmon occur in most of the river.
The West River rises in the Green Mountains in the town of Mount Holly in southeastern Rutland County and flows southwardly through southwestern Windsor County into Windham County, where it turns southeastwardly. Along its course it flows through or along the boundaries of the towns of Weston, Londonderry, Jamaica, Townshend, Brookline, Newfane (where it collects the Rock River), and Dummerston to Brattleboro, where it flows into the Connecticut River.
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers dams on the West cause the river to form Ball Mountain Lake and Townshend Lake, both of which were built for the purpose of flood control in 1961. The river between Ball Mountain Lake and Townshend Lake is used for white water boating during releases from the Ball Mountain Dam (usually occurring during one weekend in April and one weekend in September).
# Gymnothorax annasona

Gymnothorax annasona is a moray eel found in the southwest Pacific Ocean, around Lord Howe Island and Norfolk Island. It was described by Gilbert Percy Whitley in 1937, and is commonly known as the Lord Howe Island moray or the Lord Howe moray.
Gymnothorax annasona can grow to 55 cm (22 in) total length.
# Silas Seandel

Silas Seandel (born August 11, 1937) is a furniture sculptor based in New York City.
Seandel was born in New York City and studied sculpture and economics at the University of Pennsylvania. He graduated in 1950 and opened a studio in 1963, and for over 40 years has commissioned creative pieces of functional art, or sculptured furniture.
Seandel has been profiled by a number of publications during his career, including Interior Design magazine in 1982 (Vol. 53, Issue 12) and Hudson Magazine in 2008 (Vol. 4 Issue 1, 2008). He was also profiled in a chapter of Modern Americana: Studio Furniture From High Craft to High Glam by Julies Iovine and Todd Merill (Rizzoli 2008), describing him as one of the premier metal sculptors in the United States in the late 20th century.
Seandel's works are all handmade in his studio located in the Chelsea neighborhood of Manhattan. He uses solid metals such as brass, bronze, steel, copper, etc. There are no enamels, no veneers, or unnatural materials, and all colors are the results of acids and heat treatments which Seandel has developed.
# Klaus Jacob (rower)

Klaus Jacob (born 20 April 1943) is a German rower who competed for East Germany in the 1968 Summer Olympics.
He was born in Aussig in 1943; this became part of Czechoslovakia after WWII. In 1968 he was a crew member of the East German boat which won the silver medal in the coxed four event.
# IAO Chant from the Cosmic Inferno

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
| Pitchfork | (7.9/10) |
IAO Chant From The Cosmic Inferno is an album by the Japanese group The Acid Mothers Temple and the Cosmic Inferno released in 2005 by Ace Fu Records. The album contains one piece, nearly an hour long, based on the Gong song Master Builder. Acid Mothers Temple covered Master Builder again in 2012 on IAO Chant From The Melting Paraiso Underground Freak Out.

## Track listing

* "OM Riff" – 51:25

## Personnel

* Tabata Mitsuru - bass, vocal, maratab
* Higashi Hiroshi - electronics
* Shimura Koji - drums
* Okano Futoshi - drums
* Kawabata Makoto - guitar, chant, hurdygurdy

### Technical personnel

* Kawabata Makoto - production, engineering
* Yoshida Tatsuya - digital mastering
# Heptad

Heptad ('group of 7') or heptade may refer to:
* Heptad (chord), heptachord in music (set)
* Heptad (computing), a group of 7 bits in computing
* Heptad repeat, a structural motif in proteins
* L'Heptade, an album by Harmonium in 1976
* Sechtae, or "Heptads", an early Irish legal text comprising lists of seven (heptads)
# Károlyi Castle (Beregsurány)

Károlyi Castle (also called Uray Castle) is a 19th-century castle located in Beregsurány, Vásárosnamény District, Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg County, Hungary. The castle was built in classicist style by Baron Gyula Uray before being acquired by the Károlyi family and updated by architect Miklós Ybl.

## History

It was built by Baron Gyula Uray at the beginning of the 19th century, in the classicist style. On the street and courtyard façades of the ground-floor building, the four-columned colonnade is closed by a triangular pediment. It is simple in design, with romantic details, both on the outside and inside. It is owned by the local government, and currently houses the mayor's office.

### The castle park

In the castle park, called the Baron's Garden, there is a World War II memorial, a millennium memorial column, and rare species of trees (holm oak, noble linden, plane tree).
# Sergey Macheret

Sergey O. Macheret (born December 25, 1957) is an American physicist and aerospace engineer known for his contributions to plasma science and engineering. Macheret formulas for endothermic exchange reactions and Macheret-Fridman model of vibration-dissociation coupling are used for analysis of hypersonic and other chemically reacting flows.

## Education and career

Macheret received his PhD degree from Kurchatov Institute in 1985. He worked at the Ohio State University, Princeton University, and Lockheed Martin Aeronautics Company. He was a professor at Purdue University School of Aeronautics and Astronautics in 2014-2024.
He was elected as a fellow of the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA) and received the AIAA Plasmadynamics and Lasers Award in 2022.

### Macheret formulas

The formulas are used for estimation of non-equilibrium rate coefficients of the simple-exchange endothermic reaction: $XY(v)+Z\rightarrow X+YZ$. Such reactions appear in low-temperature nonequilibrium plasmas where substantial fraction of energy input goes into vibrational excitation of molecules. The formulas are obtained by applying classical mechanics methods for high temperatures and semi-classical approximation for moderate temperatures.
Assumptions:
1. Translational-vibrational non equilibrium: $T>T_{v}$ or $T<T_{v}$.
2. Collisions are collinear and rotational energy effects are negligible.
3. The duration of collision is much faster than the period of molecule vibration.
4. The vibrational energy obeys Boltzmann distribution.
Formulas and relations:
    $k(T,T_{v})=Z(T,T_{v})k^{0}(T)$
Nonequilibrium factor in the high temperature case ($T\geq \theta$):
    $Z(T,T_{v})=\exp \left[-{\frac {E_{a}-W}{\alpha _{M}T_{v}+(1-\alpha _{M})T}}-{\frac {W}{T}}+{\frac {E_{a}}{T}}\right]$
    $\alpha _{M}={\frac {m_{Y}(m_{X}+m_{Y}+m_{Z})}{(m_{X}+m_{Y})(m_{Y}+m_{Z})}}$
    $W=E_{a}(1-{\frac {f_{v}}{\alpha _{M}}})$
Nonequilibrium factor in the low temperature case ($T<\theta$):
    $Z(T,T_{v})=\left[f_{v}\exp(-{\frac {T_{v}}{\theta }})+(1-f_{v})\exp(-{\frac {T}{\theta }})\right]^{E_{a}/\theta }\exp \left({\frac {E_{a}}{T}}\right)$
# Chenagai airstrike

The Chenagai airstrike took place on October 30, 2006, around 5:00 am local time in the Chenagai village of Bajaur Agency (today Bajaur District) of the Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA, today Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province, KPK) on Pakistan's western border with Afghanistan. Both Pakistan and the United States were accused of conducting the attack, however the United States officially denied responsibility for the attack.
Security and terrorism commentator Alexis Debat reported the target of the strike was Ayman al-Zawahiri, al-Qaeda's second-in-command. Though Zawahiri was not among the dead and was killed in a July 2022 airstrike in Kabul, two to five senior al-Qaeda commanders were present or during or shortly before the attack including Matiur Rehman Ali Muhammad, mastermind of the 2006 transatlantic aircraft plot, and Faqir Mohammad, a close friend of Zawahiri and deputy leader of Tehrik-e Taliban Pakistan (TTP).
No official count of casualties was undertaken, local sources claim between 70 and 82 were killed in the attack.

## Strike

The attack took place in Chenagai village near the town of Khar, the headquarters of Bajaur Agency. The leader of the madrassa, cleric Maulana Liaqat Ullah Hussain, was suspected to be sheltering al-Qaeda militants and was among the dead.

### Responsibility

According to ABC News, the attack was launched by a MQ-1 Predator with Ayman al-Zawahiri as its intended target. However, the report's author has since been removed from ABC's site due to questions concerning the reliability of his reporting.
Pakistani officials have said that the strike was conducted by the U.S. and that they have also requested the U.S. not to violate their sovereignty again. In an article immediately after the strike, Bill Roggio of the Long War Journal, concluded the strike was indeed carried out by U.S. as Pakistan does not possess capabilities to conduct precision night strikes.

## Reaction

There were angry reactions in response to the strike. Many Muslim groups have condemned the action. Siraj-ul-Haq, the senior Minister and Provincial Chief of the Jamaat-e-Islami party, resigned from the provincial cabinet in protest against the strikes. Sahibzada Haroonur Rashid, MNA (Member of National Assembly) from Bajaur Agency, also resigned from the National Assembly in protest.

## Retaliation

On November 8, 2006, a suicide bomber killed 42 Pakistani soldiers and injured 20 others in Dargai, 85 miles north-west of Islamabad. The bombing was named the deadliest attack by the militants on the Pakistani armed forces since it began operations against pro-Taliban and al-Qaeda forces. Though no claims of responsibility were issued, the attack has been linked to the Bajaur militants.
# Thomas Arthur (Iowa judge)

Thomas Arthur (July 12, 1860 – September 15, 1925) was a justice of the Iowa Supreme Court from September 15, 1920, until his death on September 15, 1925, appointed from Harrison County, Iowa.
Born on a farm in Harrison County, Iowa, Arthur attended rural schools and received his law degree from the University of Iowa in 1881. A Republican, Arthur served as a district court judge from 1911 to 1920, when he was appointed to the supreme court.
Arthur died at Iowa Methodist Hospital at the age of 65, following a heart attack in his office that morning.