OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Mudaito dynasty

The Mudaito dynasty (Modaytó dynasty) is the ruling dynasty of the Sultanate of Aussa (Sultanate of Awsa) in Ethiopia. It was founded by the Asaihemara Modaito clan of the Afars who came from the La'o and Doobi areas.

## History

The Sultanate of Aussa (Afar Sultanate) succeeded the earlier Imamate of Aussa. The latter polity had come into existence in 1577, when Muhammad Gasa moved his capital from Harar to Aussa (Asaita) with the split of the Adal Sultanate into the Imamate of Aussa and Emirate of Harar. At some point after 1672, Aussa declined and temporarily came to an end in conjunction with Imam Umar Din bin Adam's recorded ascension to the throne. On 26 September 1725, the Mudaito Afars and their Harla allies invaded Aussa from the North-east Eli Da'ar and central-west of Andhar Kalu and burnt the state of Awsa. They began Modaito expansion through Dobi and Kalo by ransacking Adali settlements. The following month they defeated Imam Salman's soldiers, killing 200 Imamate soldiers. By 1734, Kedafo prevailed as Amoyta over the imamate and established the Mudaito dynasty. The primary symbol of the sultan was a silver baton, which was considered to have magical properties.
In June 1764, the Mudaito extended their area of control by overpowering Imamate tribes in and around Awsa. In July 1809, Amir Mahammad bin A'as Ali confronted the Mudaito to avenge his father's killing in Awsa but failed. In the following years, The Mudaito unleashed heavy blows against the pro-Imamate warriors of Adali Debne We'ima when the powerful Adals tried to halt Mudaito advance. In 1814, the Mudaito invaded Tadjourah, the capital of Adali Dardars, killing Adali rulers and destroying homes. This shaped the power struggle in Afar history in favour of Mudaito's rule which allowed the expansion of Mudaito's Awsa Sultanate lasting up until the colonial reorganisation in 1936.

## Rulers

The following is a list of Mudaito dynasty rulers (Amoyta).
| Name | Reign start | Reign end | Notes |
| KadhafoAfar: Kaxxafo | 1734 | 1749 | |
| Kadhafo Mahammad ibn Kadhafo | 1749 | 1779 | |
| Aydahis ibn Kadhafo Mahammad | 1779 | 1801 | |
| "Asa" Aydahis ibn Mahammad ibn AydahisAfar: "Qasa" Aydacis Macammad | 1801 | 1832 | First official Amoyta |
| Hanfere ibn AydahisAfar: Canfaxe Aydacis | 1832 | 1862 | |
| Mahammad "Illalta" ibn HanfereAfar: Macammad "Illalta" Canfaxe | 1862 | 1902 | Won the battle of Arraddo against Menelik II in 1896. |
| Mahammad ibn Aydahis ibn HanfereAfar: Macammad Aydacis | 1902 | c. 1910 | Starting from 1902, the governorship of Mahammad ibn Aydahis was challenged by his cousins, the nine sons of his direct predecessor, Aydahis, Alimirah, Kadhafo, Hanfadhe, Alo and Yayyo (the later sultan) |
| Yayyo ibn Mahammad ibn HanfereAfar: Yayyo Macammad | c. 1902 | 1927 | |
| Mahammad YayyoAfar: Macammad Yayyo | 1927 | 1944 | |
| Alimirah HanfereAfar: Qali Mirac Canfaxe | 1944 | 2011 | In 1945 Awsa is incorporated into Ethiopia. Sultan in exile from 1975 to 1991 |
| Hanfere AlimirahCanfaxe Qali Mirac | 2011 | 2020 | succeeded his father |
| Ahmed Alimirah Hanfare | 2023 | currently in place | |
# Mikheil Tumanishvili

Mikheil Tumanishvili (Georgian: მიხეილ თუმანიშვილი; 6 february 1921 – 11 May 1996), was a Georgian theater director and teacher. He was a student of Georgy Tovstonogov at the Tbilisi State Theater Institute and graduated in 1948. Tumanishvili is the founder of 1978 established Tumanishvili Film Actors Theatre in Tbilisi. As a director, his work was mostly based on improvisation.
# Lynn Hellerstein

Lynn F. Hellerstein is an American optometrist, speaker and author best known for her work in the field of vision therapy.

## Career

Hellerstein, is known as a pioneer in vision therapy and has created "brain-based" visual strategies to help children and adults increase school and work success, improve sports performance and confidence.
During the 1990s, she was appointed to help write guidelines for the Colorado School Vision Screening Interdisciplinary Task Force and Traumatic Brain Injury Task Force Division of Workers’ Compensation.
Hellerstein is an author and international speaker and has published extensively on vision related topics, including a five-year research study of visual electro-diagnostic techniques in patients with traumatic brain injuries. Her award-winning book, See It. Say It. Do It! The Parent's & Teacher's Action Guide to Creating Successful Students & Confident Kids (2012) is a resource for parents, educators and therapists. See It. Say It. Do It! Organize It! (2011) is a complementary workbook to help children and adults learn how to create action plans to help with their organizational skills. Her book, See It. Say It. Do It! 50 Tips to Improve Your Sports Performance (2013) provides tips to athletes of all ages.
She was listed among the National Academies of Practice by the Distinguished Interprofessional Advisors to Health Care Policy Makers.
A fellow and past president of the College of Optometrists in Vision Development (COVD), Hellerstein is an adjunct faculty member at five schools of optometry. Hellerstein and Brenner Vision Center, P.C., her private optometric practice, is located in the Metro-Denver area and has been listed among the Top 5 vision providers by Colorado Parent magazine. Hellerstein serves as a consultant to educational and parenting groups, rehabilitation facilities and sports teams.

## Awards

* 2007 Distinguished Optometrist of the Year for Colorado
* 2010 NABE Pinnacle Book Achievement Award Winner; Best Book in the Category of Parenting
* 2010 CIPA EVVY Award; 1st in "Parenting/Family" category, 2nd in "How To" category, Tech Award for Editing
* 2013 USA Best Book Awards; 50 Tips To Improve Your Sports Performance, "Winner" in the "Health: Exercise & Fitness” Category
* 2011 International Book Award; “Winner" in the "Parenting/Family: General” category

## Works

* Hellerstein, L.F. (with Fishman, B.). "Vision Therapy and Occupational Therapy – an Integrated Approach". Journal of Behavioral Optometry. 1990: Vol. 1, Issue 5.
* Hellerstein, L.F. (with Freed, S.). "Rehabilitative Optometric Management of a Traumatic Brain Injury Patient". Journal of Behavioral Optometry. 1994: Vol. 5, Issue 6.
* Hellerstein, Lynn (2012) [2010]. See It. Say It. Do It! The Parent's & Teacher's Action Guide to Creating Successful Students & Confident Kids. HiClear Publishing, LLC. p. 264. ISBN 978-0-9841-7790-5.
* Hellerstein, Lynn (with others) (2011) [2010]. See It. Say It. Do It! ORGANIZE IT! Workbook. HiClear Publishing, LLC. p. 80. ISBN 978-0984177936.
* Hellerstein, Lynn (2013). 50 Tips to Improve Your Sports Performance. HiClear Publishing, LLC. p. 80. ISBN 978-0-9841-7794-3.
# 2024 Maroun al-Ras clashes

This page is subject to the extended confirmed restriction related to the Arab-Israeli conflict.
A battle has been taking place in Maroun al-Ras in southern Lebanon since 2 October 2024, when the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) attempted to enter the village, amid the 2024 Israeli invasion of Lebanon.

## Background

On 1 October 2024, Israel began an invasion of Lebanon as part of the 2024 Israel–Hezbollah war and the Israel–Hezbollah conflict, results of the spillover of the Israel–Hamas war. It began after Hezbollah faced a series of setbacks in September 2024 that degraded its capabilities and eliminated most of its leadership; beginning with the pager explosions, followed by an Israeli aerial bombing campaign targeting Hezbollah throughout Lebanon, killing over 800 and injuring at least 5,000 in a week, and culminating in the 27 September assassination of Hezbollah leader Hassan Nasrallah.

## Battle
### 2 October

On 2 October 2024, Hezbollah forces engaged in combat with IDF soldiers who were attempting to enter Maroun al-Ras from the east. Hezbollah claimed to have inflicted several casualties among the Israelis, and said it destroyed three Merkava tanks with guided missiles as they approached Maroun al-Ras. Israel reportedly faced stiff resistance from the Hezbollah fighters who stood ready. In a battle lasting just over an hour, Hezbollah successfully repelled an Israeli infantry unit from penetrating its defense lines. Eight Israeli soldiers were killed in combat, including three commanders, and seven others were critically wounded.

### 3 October

On 3 October 2024, Hezbollah stated that it had detonated two explosive devices at dawn against a group of IDF soldiers as they attempted to infiltrate the village, causing deaths and injuries.

### 4 October

On 4 October 2024, Hezbollah said that it had struck a group of Israeli soldiers near the Maroun al-Ras plain.

### 5 October

On 5 October 2024, Hezbollah claimed to have hit an Israeli Merkava tank as it was advancing in the Maroun al-Ras forest area using a guided anti-armor missile, resulting in casualties.

### 8 October

The IDF was filmed raising the Israeli flag in Maroun al-Ras. The Israeli flag was raised in a location where the Iranian flag previously flew. The IDF also demolished the "Garden of Iran" which had a statue of assassinated IRGC Quds Force commander Qassem Soleimani pointing at Israel and a replica of the Dome of the Rock.
# Pascal Hervé

Pascal Hervé (13 July 1964 – 24 December 2024) was a French road racing cyclist. He competed in the individual road race at the 1992 Summer Olympics and raced as a professional from 1994 to 2001. At the time of his death Pascal resided in Montreal, where he was the co-owner of a training center that helps develop local athletes and amateurs of all ages. In between seasons, he held cycling trips in various locations such as the Pyrénées, the Vosges, the Alps, and, most recently, the region of Charlevoix.
Hervé died on 24 December 2024, at the age of 60. The cause of his death is unknown, although he reportedly underwent surgery last September for a stomach tumour.

## Doping

Hervé was expelled from the 1998 Tour de France in the Festina affair.
Hervé tested positive for EPO after the prologue in 2001 Giro d'Italia.

## Major results
### 1992

    1st Boucles de la Mayenne
    2nd Overall Circuito Montañés

### 1993

    2nd Overall Tour de l'Ain
    2nd Overall Tour du Vaucluse

### 1994

    5th Overall Critérium du Dauphiné Libéré
       1st Mountains classification
       1st Stage 5
    5th GP Ouest–France
    5th A Travers le Morbihan
    6th Road race, National Road Championships
    6th Overall Route du Sud

### 1995

    1st Mountains classification Volta a Catalunya
    4th Japan Cup
    6th Milano–Torino
    7th Paris–Camembert

### 1996

    Giro d'Italia
       1st Stage 6
       Held after Stage 6
    1st Mountains classification Volta a la Comunitat Valenciana
    2nd Overall Tour of the Basque Country
    2nd Overall Tour DuPont
       1st Stage 8
    2nd Japan Cup
    6th Giro del Piemonte

### 1997

    3rd Overall Vuelta Ciclista de Chile
       1st Stage 2
    3rd Paris–Camembert
    5th Overall Critérium International
    5th Route Adélie
    6th Rund um den Henninger-Turm
    10th Overall Tour of the Basque Country

### 1998

    1st GP Ouest–France
    1st Trophée des Grimpeurs
    1st Stage 3 Tour of the Basque Country
    6th Road race, National Road Championships
    6th Cholet-Pays de la Loire
    7th La Flèche Wallonne
    10th Overall Critérium International
    10th Overall Route du Sud

### 1999

    2nd Road race, National Road Championships
    3rd Prueba Villafranca de Ordizia

### 2000

    1st Polynormande
    1st Stage 4 Tour de Suisse
    3rd Overall Vuelta a Burgos
       1st Points classification

### 2001

    2nd Giro di Toscana
    6th Overall Tour de Langkawi
    9th Giro dell'Appennino
# Dahiyat Sabah al-Kheir

Dahiyat Sabah al-Kheir (Arabic: ضاحية صباح الخير) is a Palestinian village in the Jenin Governorate in the northern West Bank, located 4 kilometers north of Jenin. According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics, the town had a population of 1,457 inhabitants in mid-year 2006.
In the wake of the 1948 Arab–Israeli War, and after the 1949 Armistice Agreements, Dahiyat Sabah al-Kheir came under Jordanian rule.
Since the Six-Day War in 1967, Dahiya Sabah al-Kheir has been under Israeli occupation.
# Delosperma sutherlandii

Delosperma sutherlandii is a dwarf perennial plant, native to South Africa (KwaZulu-Natal, Gauteng, Mpumalanga, Limpopo, North West Province). It forms a dense lawn with abundant, long-lasting flowering. It will reach sizes of 60 cm in diameter and approximately 10–15 cm tall, with possibly the largest flowers of its type.

## Cultivation and uses

It can be cultivated in a wide range of areas with a Mediterranean climate.
This plant is also in a lot of collections, where cultivation is done with them on a regular basis.

## Sources

* ↑ "Delosperma sutherlandii (Hook. fil.) N. E. Br". Catalogue of Life. Species 2000: Leiden, the Netherlands. Retrieved 9 March 2022.
* ↑ "Delosperma sutherlandii (Hook.f.) N.E.Br". Plants of the World Online. The Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. n.d. Retrieved March 9, 2022.
* ↑ "Sutherland Hardy Iceplant". Monrovia.com. Archived from the original on 27 January 2013. Retrieved 6 January 2013.
* Media related to Delosperma sutherlandii at Wikimedia Commons
# Jed River

The Jed River is a river of New Zealand's South Island. It flows to the Pacific Ocean close to the town of Cheviot adjacent to Gore Bay. It combines with Buxton Creek behind a rocky beach before draining through the shingle. The waterways break through the rocks after heavy rain and establish a direct outflow into the sea.
# Dani Ibrahim

Dani bin Haji Ibrahim (born 23 June 1949) is a Bruneian aristocrat and retired politician who was the Deputy Minister of Home Affairs between 2005 and 2010. He was also among the Takaful Bank Pembangunan Islam's Board of Directors.

## Education

Dani received his early education at Bendahara Sakam Primary School from 1956 to 1959, and later Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien College from 1960 to 1962. He attended Madrasah Aljunied Al-Islamiah in Singapore from 1963 to 1967, Kolej Islam Malaya in Malaysia from 1967 to 1970, National University of Malaysia from 1971 to 1973, and University of Hull in the United Kingdom from 1976 to 1979.

## Career

Dani began working for the government as an Assistant Development Religious Officer within the Religious Affairs Department from 27 November 1973 to 17 July 1979; Administrative Officer Grade 1 within the Land Department on 17 July 1979; Deputy Controller of State Store and Supplies from 1982 to 1986; Assistant Director of Procurement at the Ministry of Defence from 1986 to 1990; Director of Administration and Manpower at the same ministry from 1990 to 1994; District Officer (DO) of Belait District from 1994 to 1999; DO of Brunei-Muara District from 1999 to 2001; permanent secretary at the Ministry of Culture, Youth and Sports from 2001 to 2003; and permanent secretary at the Prime Minister's Office (PMO) from 2003 to 2005.
On 24 May 2005, Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah announced a significant cabinet reorganisation and named a number of fresh faces to the ministerial lineup. At the Istana Nurul Iman on 1 June, the new cabinet was sworn in. Dani (as the Deputy Minister of Home Affairs) was one of the five new Deputy Ministers to be appointed. At the Dewan Muafakat of the Temburong District Office in Bangar Town, on 7 June 2005, Dani attended a meeting to discuss plans for the Temburong District's commemoration of His Majesty's 59th birthday. As the acting Minister of Home Affairs on 27 December, he rolled out the "Mutual Assistance in Criminal Matters Order, 2005" after seeking approval from the Sultan. His tenure ended in the 2010 Bruneian cabinet reshuffle on 29 May.

## Personal life

Dani was born on 23 June 1949. He has 4 sons and 2 daughters with Datin Hajah Norhayati binti Haji Abu Bakar.
Around 3.55 a.m. on 28 July 2010, in Kampong Bengkurong, a group of seven thieves carried out a gang robbery using a lethal weapon, such as a knife or screwdriver, and they took money from Pehin Dato Dani and the others living in his home.

## Titles, styles and honours
### Titles and styles

On 17 April 2004, Dani was bestowed the Manteri title of Yang Dimuliakan (The Most Noble) Pehin Orang Kaya Dewa Pahlawan.

### Honours

Dani has earned the following honours:
* Order of Seri Paduka Mahkota Brunei Second Class (DPMB; 15 July 1999) – Dato Paduka
* Order of Setia Negara Brunei Third Class (SNB; 15 July 1993)
* Excellent Service Medal (PIKB; 1984)
* Long Service Medal (PKL; 1994)
* Meritorious Service Medal (PJK; 1993)
# John Lambton, 5th Earl of Durham

John Frederick Lambton, 5th Earl of Durham (7 October 1884 – 4 February 1970), briefly styled Viscount Lambton between 1928 and 1929, was a British hereditary peer. Through his sister Lilian, he was an uncle of future Prime Minister Sir Alec Douglas-Home. Lord Durham is best remembered for the donation of Penshaw Monument to the National Trust.

## Early life and education

Durham was born on 7 October 1884, the elder son of Frederick Lambton, 4th Earl of Durham and his wife Beatrix Bulteel. He was educated at Eton. He succeeded to the earldom and subsidiary titles upon the death of his father on 31 January 1929.

## Military service

Lambton was commissioned a second lieutenant in the 5th (Militia) Battalion, Royal Northumberland Fusiliers, on 4 February 1903. Durham fought in the First World War as a captain in the 3rd/7th Battalion, Royal Northumberland Fusiliers and was wounded in action.

## Marriages and children

Durham was married firstly on 12 November 1919 to Diana Mary Farquhar (19 July 1901 – 28 August 1924). They had two sons:
* John Roderick Geoffrey Francis Edward Lambton, Viscount Lambton (6 September 1920 – 4 February 1941), committed suicide by shooting himself.
* Antony Claud Frederick Lambton, 6th Earl of Durham (10 July 1922 – 30 December 2006)
After the death of his first wife, Durham was married secondly on 4 March 1931 to Hermione Bullough, daughter of Sir George Bullough, 1st Baronet. They had one son:
* Hon John George Lambton (10 June 1932 – 21 August 2012)

## Death

Lord Durham died on 4 February 1970, at the age of 85. He was succeeded in the earldom and subsidiary titles by his second but eldest surviving son Antony, who disclaimed the title soon after.
# Burleigh Court Conference Centre and Hotel

52°45′41″N 1°14′23″W﻿ / ﻿52.76132742°N 1.23975993°W﻿ / 52.76132742; -1.23975993 Burleigh Court Conference Centre and Hotel is a four-star hotel and conference centre located on Loughborough University campus.
Opened in April 1991, Burleigh Court Conference Centre and Hotel has 225 bedrooms and 26 meeting rooms.

## Imago Venues

Burleigh Court is run by Imago Venues, the managers of conference & meeting facilities and hotels for Loughborough University via a wholly owned subsidiary company called imago@Loughborough Ltd. Other venues include Holywell Park Conference Centre, and The Link Hotel.

## London 2012 and sport

Burleigh Court hosted Team GB as the official preparation camp for the London 2012 games.
The hotel has regularly been the venue for the Charnwood Sports Awards, including the last time the Awards were staged in 2017.

## Awards and accreditations

Burleigh Court has won a number of awards including Large Hotel of the Year at the VisitEngland Awards for Excellence 2017 and Innovative Business Partner 2017 at the Leicestershire Promotions Tourism and Hospitality Awards.
# The Wildrose (bar)

47°36′50″N 122°19′06″W﻿ / ﻿47.61398°N 122.3183°W﻿ / 47.61398; -122.3183
The Wildrose is a lesbian bar in Seattle, Washington. It is located in the Capitol Hill neighborhood, and opened in 1985. It is the city's only lesbian bar. Business partners Shelley Brothers and Martha Manning, the current owners of The Wildrose, took over from the original founders in the early 2000s.

## Location

The LGBTQ-owned bar is located at the corner of East Pike Street and 11th Avenue in Seattle's Capitol Hill neighborhood. It resides on the bottom floor of a mixed-use apartment building constructed in 1905 and designed by architects Carl Breitung and Theobald Buchinger. The building was originally known as Lorraine Court. Today, it is known as the Winston Building.

## History

In the early 1980s, a collective of five women decided to open a lesbian bar that was "light, served good food, and was a place where women would feel comfortable bringing friends and family, straight and gay."
After scouting locations for the bar, the group decided on 1021 E Pine Street, the location of a former sports bar. The founders liked the location because it had big, street-facing windows. During a time when most LGBT spaces were hidden, accessed through secret entrances, and advertised by word-of-mouth, these features of light and visibility were important to the founders.
The Wildrose opened on New Years Eve, 1985 with a line around the block.
   "From the start, the Wild Rose [sic] drew a diverse crowd. Tradeswomen, professional women, artists, leather women, musicians, radical and not-so-radical political organizations made it their home. The Wild Rose [sic] became a gathering space for the lesbian community and a focus of community organizing."
Despite its early successes, the business could not support all five of the original founders, and soon, Bryher Herak, the remaining founder, was running the bar on her own. Herak sold the business to Joann Panayiotou, who eventually sold it to Karin Finn, Martha Manning, Janice Oakley.
As of 2023, Martha Manning and Shelley Brothers own the bar. When they took over in the early 2000s after working at the bar for years, one of the first things they did was to take out the jukebox. They were tired of patrons putting on cliche lesbian music like Indigo Girls, Melissa Etheridge, and ABBA "17 times a night."
In February 2, 2025, Shelley Brothers died due to complications from Cancer.

## Impact of COVID-19

In early 2020, owners Brothers and Manning started a GoFundMe campaign to raise money to help keep their doors open during the COVID-19 pandemic. They raised more than $88,000 but did not meet their $100,000 goal. In 2022, the Wildrose retired its long-running taco Tuesday offering and introduced a new chef, who brought a new menu that includes traditional bar bites like cheese and meat trays, nuts and olives, and sloppy joes. The Wildrose owners made these changes because they wanted the bar to "have more reasons for people to stay, offer more things for people, and be more well rounded."
# Al-Asakra

Al-Asakra (Arabic: العساكرة) is a Palestinian village in the Bethlehem Governorate in the south-central West Bank, located 4.5 kilometers southeast of Bethlehem. It is a part of the Jannatah municipality. According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics, the village had a population of over 1,001 inhabitants in mid-year 2006.
Al-Asakra has a land area of 2,116 dunams and is a part of the larger Arab al-Ta'amira village cluster, lies between the towns of Tuqu' and Za'atara covering an area of 217,236 dunams (21 km$^2$). Agriculture is the main economic activity of the region, which is located in Area 'C' and falls under the control of the Israel civil administration.
Settled relatively recently by the at-Ta'mira Bedouin tribe, it is part of the 'Arab al-Ta'mira village cluster, along with Za'atara, Beit Ta'mir, Hindaza, Tuqu', Khirbet ad-Deir (today part of Tuqu'), Nuaman and Ubeidiya.