OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Fenghao

34°13′N 108°43′E﻿ / ﻿34.21°N 108.72°E﻿ / 34.21; 108.72 Fenghao (simplified Chinese: 沣镐; traditional Chinese: 灃鎬; pinyin: Fēnghào) is the modern name for the twin city comprising the capitals of the Chinese Western Zhou dynasty (c. 1046 – 771 BCE), Feng and Hao. The cities were located on opposite banks of the Feng River near its confluence with the Wei, corresponding to modern Xi'an, Shaanxi.

## History

As King Wen (ruled c. 1099–1050 BCE) expanded the territory of the Predynastic Zhou east into Shanxi in preparation for an assault on his nominal Shang overlords, he constructed a new capital on the west bank of the Feng about 100 kilometres (62 mi) downstream from Zhou's original capital on the Wei River below Mount Qi. This city was called Feng, Fengxi, or Fengjing (灃京, Fēngjīng).
After his son Fa defeated the Shang at Muye and ascended the throne as King Wu (ruled c. 1046–1043 BCE) of the Zhou dynasty, the capital was moved to a new establishment on the east bank called Hao or Haojing. The two formed a twin capital, with Feng continuing to serve the rituals of the Zhou ancestral shrine and gardens and Hao containing the royal palace and government administration.
Both were abandoned in 771 BC during the Quanrong invasion that drove the Zhou out of the Wei River Valley and brought an end to its Western dynasty. The capital of the Eastern Zhou was located at Chengzhou.

## Ruins

The ruins of Fenghao lie in present-day southwest Xi'an in Shaanxi Province. The site was declared an important national cultural heritage site by the State Council of the People's Republic of China in 1961.
# Thomas Holland, 1st Duke of Surrey

Thomas Holland, 1st Duke of Surrey, 3rd Earl of Kent, KG, Earl Marshal (8 September 1372 – 7 January 1400) was an English nobleman and courtier.

## Early life and family

Born on 8 September 1372, Thomas Holland was the eldest son and heir of Thomas Holland, 2nd Earl of Kent (1350–1397), and Alice FitzAlan, daughter of Richard FitzAlan, 3rd Earl of Arundel. His father was a maternal half-brother of King Richard II, and the younger Thomas had two brothers and six sisters.
Shortly after 20 October 1392, Thomas Holland married Joan Stafford, daughter of Hugh, Earl of Stafford. They had 2 children. In 1394 he and his father accompanied the king to Ireland.
On his father's death in 1397 he succeeded him as 3rd Earl of Kent and 4th Baron Holland. At that time Kent's uncle King Richard II was removing the Duke of Gloucester and his associates from power, and sent Kent to arrest his own uncle, the Earl of Arundel. In reward he received a share of the forfeited estates, and on 29 September 1397 was created Duke of Surrey. Another uncle, the Earl of Huntingdon, was created Duke of Exeter on that day as well. In 1398 he founded Mount Grace Priory in Yorkshire.

## Last years and execution

Surrey, along with many of King Richard II's advisors, was arrested after the King's deposition by King Henry IV in 1399. In the end he had to forfeit the honours and estates he had gained after the arrests of Gloucester and Arundel, in particular the Dukedom of Surrey, although he retained the Earldom of Kent.
Early in 1400, Kent, along with his uncle, the Earl of Huntingdon (no longer Duke of Exeter), plotted to kill King Henry IV and free King Richard II from prison and return him to the throne. This "Epiphany Rising" failed and Kent was captured and executed.
He was succeeded as Earl of Kent by his brother Edmund.

## Ancestry

Ancestors of Thomas Holland, 1st Duke of Surrey :
# Angelo Cerica

Angelo Cerica (30 September 1885 – 11 April 1961) was an Italian general and senator.

## Biography
### Early life

Born to Pietro Felice and Luisa Villa in Alatri, Cerica attended the Conti-Gentili Lyceum in his native town and later entered a military academy. At September 1906, he was commissioned as a second lieutenant and joined the 74th Infantry Regiment, being promoted to full lieutenant in June 1909. During June 1912, he was transferred to the Carabinieri Corps. Cerica participated in World War I, attaining the rank of captain in October 1916. At September 1920, he was further promoted to major and became a lieutenant colonel in February 1927. During the Second Italo-Abyssinian War, Cerica was appointed commander of the Carabinieri Legion in Asmara, an office he held from September 1936 to June 1939. On 10 January 1939 he was promoted to colonel. Due to exceptional merit, he received the rank of brigadier general on June 19 that year, becoming the chief of Carabinieri forces in Italian East Africa. He served in the same capacity in Italian North Africa from July 1940 until February 1941. Cerica was posted back to Italy, attained the rank of Divisional General on 22 June 1942 and was made commander of the 4th Carabinieri Podgora Detachment.

### Anti-Mussolini plot

General Azolino Hazon, commander of the Carabinieri Corps, was killed in a bombing raid on 19 July 1943; Cerica was called to replace him, although he formally assumed his responsibilities only on 23 July. He had been approved by General Vittorio Ambrosio after the latter ascertained that Cerica would cooperate with the anti-Benito Mussolini faction, the members of which were planning to depose the Duce. Cerica organized Mussolini's arrest after his interview with King Victor Emmanuel III in Villa Savoia, on 25 July, and directed his forces to prevent riots in the capital. He was promoted to Corps General on 8 August.

### Later years

On 9 September, a day after the Badoglio Proclamation prompted the Germans to invade Italy, Cerica led a battalion of cadets in battle against the enemy on the Via Ostiensis, and was defeated. Being sought by the occupation authorities, he went into hiding on 11 September and joined a partisans unit in Abruzzo. He participated in their actions until the liberation of the area. Afterwards, Cerica headed a department in the Italian Co-Belligerent Army's General Staff until the war's end. He then commanded the military forces in Emilia-Romagna for a month, leaving his post in June 1945.
Cerica served as the President of the Supreme Military Court from May 1947 to September 1951. He was also a Member of the Senate for the Christian Democracy Party in the First, Second and Third Legislatures of Parliament.
# Pierced from Within

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| Chronicles of Chaos | 7/10 |
| Collector's Guide to Heavy Metal | 6/10 |
| The Encyclopedia of Popular Music | |
Pierced from Within is the third album by the death metal band Suffocation, released in 1995. "Synthetically Revived" is a re-recording of the song of the same name from the Human Waste EP and "Breeding the Spawn" is a re-recording of the title track from the band's previous album.
Both this album and Effigy of the Forgotten have been re-released by Roadrunner Records as part of the Two from the Vault series.
Before 2013's Pinnacle of Bedlam, this was the only full-length album by Suffocation not to feature Mike Smith as a drummer. It is the band's last album with guitarist Doug Cerrito and bassist Chris Richards, and the only with drummer Doug Bohn.
Pierced From Within has been called Suffocation's "watershed moment", and guitarist Terrance Hobbs has cited the album as his favorite the band has done. At 45 minutes and 31 seconds, Pierced from Within is the band’s longest album to date.
The album's musical style has been described as "fast, intricately technical, immaculately heavy." The album's tracks have been described as "complex, savage riff collages that reveal more of themselves with each listen."
The album artwork was originally intended to be colored blue. However, the album was printed incorrectly. The original blue album cover was correctly printed on some of the band's merchandise, such as T-shirts.

## Track listing

* All songs written by Suffocation except where noted.

## Personnel
### Suffocation

* Frank Mullen - vocals
* Terrance Hobbs - lead guitar
* Doug Cerrito - rhythm guitar
* Chris Richards - bass
* Doug Bohn - drums

### Production

* Produced by Scott Burns & Suffocation
* Engineered and mixed by Scott Burns
* Assistant engineer: Dave Welner
* Recorded and mixed at Morrisound Recording, Tampa, FL, USA
* Mastered by Mike Fuller at Fullersound, Miami, FL, USA
* Cover art: Hiro Takahashi
# Sapira

Sapira, Şapira and Šapira are variants of the Jewish Ashkenazi surname Shapiro.
Notable people with the surname include:

## Sapira

* Emmanuel Sapira (1900–1943), Romanian-born Belgian chess master
* Mircea Sapira, participant at 1937 World Table Tennis Championships – Men's team of Romania
* Sylvia Sapira, (1908–1981) American harpsichordist

## Șapira

* Avraham Șapira, deputy of Guttman Landau, president of the Chișinău Ghetto Committee

## Šapira

* Jankelis Šapira, member of the Vilnius Soviet of Workers Deputies, † 1919
* Judal Šapira, killed under Stalin (1937 mass execution of Belarusians)
* Chaimas Nachmanas Šapira [he] or Haim Nachman Shapira (1895-1943), Semitologist and Zionist, lived mainly in Lithuania
* Leiba Šapira, member of the Lithuanian Central Bureau of the Young Communist League of Lithuania and Belorussia (1919-1920)
* Zalmenas Šapira, secretary of the communist Lithuanian People's Aid Union
# Shamek Farrah

Shamek Farrah is an alto saxophone player, who was featured on many Strata-East Records albums, and released two albums on the label as leader.
Reviewing First Impressions, Allmusic said: "This is the standard spiritually intense new jazz one learns to expect from the label, soaked in some Eastern influences but always with its ear to the street.".
He was born Anthony Domacase in New York City. He began studying the alto saxophone under Garvin Bushel at age 12. In the late 1960s he began performing with up-and-coming Latin and Latin-jazz groups around the New York area. In the mid 1970s and 80’s when live loft jazz was popular in New York City, he performed with his own groups and other prominent jazz musicians such as Sonelius Smith, Rashid Ali, John Stubblefield, Carlos Garnett, and Walter Davis Jr.
In late 1972, at age 25, he signed with Strata-East Records and in 1974 his first jazz album First Impressions was released. In 1977 his second Strata-East Records album, Shamek Farrah/Sonelius Smith-The World Of The Children. In 1979, he signed with RA Records and the album Shamek Farrah And Folks-La De La La was released in 1980. Each of those recordings have since been re-released. First Impressions and The World Of The Children were re-released in 1996 on the Japanese record label, Bomba Records and Shamek Farrah And Folks-La De La La was re-released in 2002 on the Quadraphonic Sound Modules Records label. His legendary composition "First Impressions" performed on the album of the same name continues to fascinate listeners around the world many years after its inception. In 1992, Soul Jazz Records, a British record label, released the original recording of "First Impression" on a compilation CD "Soul Jazz Loves Strata-East" featuring other Strata-East Records artists as well. In 2006 the British record label Soul Brothers Records re-release "First Impressions" again on a compilation CD "Fusion With Attitude" featuring jazz greats Joe Henderson, Nat Adderley and Walter Bishop Jr. performing on their own selections.

## Discography

* 1974: First Impressions (Strata-East Records)
* 1977: The World of the Children (with Sonelius Smith, Strata-East Records)
* 1980: Shamek Farrah And Folks La De La La [RA Records]
* 1992: Soul Jazz Loves Strata-East (compilation featuring Shamek Farrah and other Strata-East Records artists, Soul Jazz Records UK)
* 1996 First Impressions and The World Of The Children (re-release of the original Strata-East Records recordings, Bomba Records Japan)
* 2002: Shamek Farrah And Folks La De La La (re-release of the original RA Records recording, Quadraphonic Sound Modules Records)
* 2006: Fusion With Attitude (Compilation, Soul Brothers Records UK)
# Plzeň Zoo

Plzeň Zoo (Zoologická a botanická zahrada města Plzně) is a Czech zoo, located in Plzeň in Czech Republic. After Liberec Zoo it is the second oldest zoo in the Czech Republic, founded in 1926 on the river banks of the river Radbuza.
Plzen zoo has 40 species of animals from EEP European Endangered Species Programme and is responsible for the European studbook for Dwarf and Thick tailed Maki.

## Gallery

* A lion, possibly of the subspecies Panthera leo leo
* Plzeň Zoo breeds many species of lemur.
# Wladimir von Pawlowski

Wladimir von Pawlowski (29 August 1891 – 1961) was an Austrian lawyer and Nazi politician, who served as Gauleiter (Party Leader) and Reichsstatthalter (Reich Governor) of Carinthia after Austria was annexed by Nazi Germany.
Pawlowski held these offices from 1 April 1940 to 27 November 1941. Before Anschluss, he sat in the Carinthia Landtag. He also was a member of the Schutzstaffel (SS) with an SS number of 292,801. On 21 June 1939, he was promoted to the rank of SS-Standartenführer.
# 1957 AAA Championships

The 1957 AAA Championships was the annual outdoor track and field competition organised by the Amateur Athletic Association (AAA). The event took place from 12 to 13 July 1957 at White City Stadium in London, England.

## Summary

The Championships spanned two days of competition, with the marathon held in Watford and the decathlon taking place in Loughborough.

## Results

| Event | Gold | Gold | Silver | Silver | Bronze | Bronze |
| 100 yards | Kenneth Box | 10.0 | Adrian Breacker | 10.0 | Charlie Williams | 10.1 |
| 220 yards | David Segal | 21.9 | Brian Randall AUS | 22.1 | Alan Playle | 22.3 |
| 440 yards | Peter Higgins | 47.6 | John Salisbury | 47.8 | John Wrighton | 47.9 |
| 880 yards | Ron Delany IRL | 1:49.6 | Mike Rawson | 1:50.0 | Ted Buswell | 1:51.0 |
| 1 mile | Brian Hewson | 4:06.7 | Mike Berisford | 4:07.5 | Graham Everett | 4:07.5 |
| 3 miles | Derek Ibbotson | 13:20.8 NR | Roger Dunkley | 13:41.0 | Kevin Gilligan | 13:42.0 |
| 6 miles | George Knight | 28:50.4 | Stan Eldon | 28:50.8 | Alan Perkins | 28:53.0 |
| marathon | Edward Kirkup | 2:22:27.8 | Arthur Keily | 2:22:34 | Jack Haslam | 2:24:00 |
| steeplechase | John Disley | 8:56.8 | Eric Shirley | 9:05.0 | Anthony Llewellyn | 9:06.0 |
| 120y hurdles | Eamonn Kinsella IRL | 14.7 | Peter Hildreth | 14.7 | David Carrington | 15.0 |
| 220y hurdles | John Scott-Oldfield | 24.2 | Paul Vine | 24.6 | Colin Andrews | 24.9 |
| 440y hurdles | Tom Farrell | 52.1 | John Metcalf | 52.8 | Harry Kane | 53.4 |
| 2 miles walk | Stan Vickers | 14:05.6 | Bob Goodall | 14:12.0 | Colin Williams | 14:17.8 |
| 7 miles walk | Stan Vickers | 51:34.4 | Eric Hall | 51:49.0 | Bob Goodall | 53:06.0 |
| high jump | Oladipo Okuwobi NGR | 1.956 | David Wilson | 1.880 | Peter Hogben | 1.880 |
| pole vault | Ian Ward | 4.09 | George Broad | 3.81 | Rex Porter | 3.81 |
| long jump | Roy Cruttenden | 7.26 | Ronald Coleman | 7.06 | Peter Whaley | 7.02 |
| triple jump | Ken Wilmshurst | 14.86 | Paul Engo NGR | 14.77 | John Whall | 14.55 |
| shot put | Arthur Rowe | 16.38 | John Savidge | 16.08 | Martyn Lucking | 15.59 |
| discus throw | Mike Lindsay | 50.76 | Gerry Carr | 50.72 | Peter Isbester | 47.34 |
| hammer throw | Mike Ellis | 60.28 NR | Don Anthony | 57.08 | Percy Porter | 52.32 |
| javelin throw | Peter Cullen | 72.12 NR | Colin Smith | 71.00 NR | Clive Loveland | 67.72 |
| decathlon | Hywel Williams | 5370 | Hans Graf SUI | 4817 | Gerald Brown RHO | 4798 |
# Sarah Fisher Ames

Sarah Fisher Ames (1817–1901) was an American sculptor, best known for a bust of Abraham Lincoln that she produced in 1866.

## Biography

Sarah Fisher Clampitt was born in 13 August 1817 in Lewes, Delaware. She studied art in Boston and in Rome, and married Joseph Alexander Ames, a portrait painter, in 1845. While in Boston, she may have attended "Conversations" hosted by women's activist Margaret Fuller.$^{:19}$ The couple spent time in Rome, where Sarah Ames studied Italian sculpture. Little else is known about her early life.$^{:184}$
She produced sculptures of notable Americans, including C. T. Brooks (1858), John Andrew (1867), Ulysses S. Grant (1868), Anson Burlingame, Ross Winans, and at least five busts of Abraham Lincoln. During the American Civil War, Ames worked as a volunteer nurse, rising to direct the hospital situated in the U.S. Capitol. She was a good friend of Lincoln, either through her position at the hospital or the antislavery movement. Rufus Wilson, author of Lincoln in Portraiture, claimed that Ames knew Lincoln "in an intimate and friendly way" through her work at the hospital.
Ames was one of the first sculptors of Lincoln. By 1865, she had created a plaster bust of Lincoln, which she received a patent for, and sold plaster replications of.$^{:183–184}$ In 1866 or 1868 Ames was commissioned to create a marble bust of Lincoln by the U.S. Congress.$^{:184}$ In 1868, the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts exhibited the bust.$^{:184}$ Her work has been compared to the Lincoln bust produced around the same time by Vinnie Ream. Her 1866 bust of Lincoln is held in the U.S. Capitol Building. Her busts of Lincoln are also located at the Massachusetts State House, the Williams College Museum of Art, the Lynn Historical Society, and the Woodmere Art Museum.
Ames exhibited her work at The Woman's Building at the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago, Illinois.
She died in Washington, D.C., on 8 March 1901.
# Stefan Rusconi

Stefan Rusconi (born 14 February 1979) is a Swiss pianist and composer.

## Work

Since 2004, along with Fabian Gisler (bass) and Claudio Strüby (drums), Rusconi is playing with his band Rusconi across the world. So far, they release six records on indie and major labels such as Bee Jazz Records and Sony Music Entertainment. Since 2012, they are running their own boutique label Qilin Records on which they release their music and the music of other musician friends.
In 2011, Rusconi composed the music for the film documentary Tinguely directed by Thomas Thümena. Also in 2011, together with pianist und producer Ephrem Lüchinger, Rusconi founded the experimental electronica duo Whistler & Hustler, which released the album The Whistler & Hustler Session via Qilin Records in 2013.
Rusconi wrote the music for the stage play Kinder der Sonne by Maxim Gorki, which premiered 2015 at the opera Basel. Also in 2015, along with Paul Lemp (bass) and Marc Lohr (drums), he composed the music for Until our Hearts Stop directed by American choreographer Meg Stuart, which was coproduced by Münchner Kammerspiele and the Ruhrtriennale. The production in which he plays electronics, trumpet and piano has been touring Europe.
Rusconi has collaborated with Fred Frith, Thomas Wydler, Pipilotti Rist, Norma Winstone, Tobias Preisig, Dieter Meier, the ARTE Quartett, and Till Brönner.

## Discography

* Rusconi: Stop & Go, Unit Records/Sony Music Entertainment; 2006
* Rusconi: It's a Sonic Life, CD Sony Music Entertainment, 2010; LP Qilin Records; 2013
* Rusconi: Revolution, LP Qilin Records 2012; CD Bee Jazz; 2012
* Rusconi: History Sugar Dream, LP/CD Qilin Records; 2014
* Whistler & Hustler: The Whistler & Hustler Session; Qilin Records, limited key edition; 2013

## Awards

* Cultural grant from the city of Zurich 2013
* Pro Helvetia "High Priority Jazz Promotion" between 2010 and 2012
* Echo Jazz as best pianist (Germany), 2011
# Svatý Jiří

Svatý Jiří is a municipality and village in Ústí nad Orlicí District in the Pardubice Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 300 inhabitants.
Svatý Jiří lies approximately 9 kilometres (6 mi) west of Ústí nad Orlicí, 37 km (23 mi) east of Pardubice, and 134 km (83 mi) east of Prague.

## Administrative division

Svatý Jiří consists of three municipal parts (in brackets population according to the 2021 census):
* Svatý Jiří (187)
* Loučky (72)
* Sítiny (13)

## Etymology

The name means 'Saint George' in Czech.
# Henry Hawtrey

Henry Courtenay Hawtrey CMG DSO (29 June 1882 – 16 November 1961) was a British track and field athlete, winner of 5 miles (8.0 km) run at the 1906 Summer Olympics.

## Biography

Hawtrey born in Southampton, finished second behind Joseph Binks in the AAA Championships 1 mile event at the 1902 AAA Championships.
Before the 1906 Olympic Games, the British were the leading force in long-distance running. Although the most celebrated long-distance runner Alfred Shrubb had turned to professional just before the 1906 "intercalated" Olympics of, the Britons sent a very good team to Athens.
Henry Hawtrey took the lead after 2 miles (3.2 km) and won easily, beating second-placed runner John Svanberg from Sweden by 50 yards (46 m). The Britons used good teamwork to aid Hawtrey to win, as third-placed Irishman John Daly was disqualified because he blocked the Swedish runner's way several times.
Hawtrey served with the Royal Engineers in the First World War. He was awarded the Distinguished Service Order and made a Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George in the 1918 New Year Honours.
He died in 1961 in Aldershot.
# Fort Komenda

Fort Komenda was a British fort on the Gold Coast, currently preserved as a ruin. Because of its testimony to the Atlantic slave trade and European economic and colonial influence in West Africa, the fort was inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List in 1979, along with several other castles and forts in Ghana.

## History

Fort Komenda was established between 1695 and 1698 at Komenda, in contemporary Ghana. The fort had a very peculiar architecture, as this four-bastioned structure was built around an earlier four-bastioned English trading post, built in 1633. Fort Komenda was within cannon-shot distance to the Dutch Fort Vredenburgh. It was abandoned in 1816, after the abolition of slave trade.
The ruin of the fort was transferred to the Dutch as part of a large trade of forts between Britain and the Netherlands in 1868. When a Dutch navy ship entered the harbour of Komenda, however, the local population resisted the transfer of the fort to the Dutch. Through the use of force, Dutch rule was eventually established. Between December 1869 and January 1870, a military expedition was sent to the local capital of Kwassie-Krom. A deadly battle ensued, but the Dutch managed to emerge as victors. It was a Pyrrhic victory, however, as the ongoing problems with the local population meant that on 6 April 1872, the entire Dutch Gold Coast, was again transferred to the United Kingdom, as per the Gold Coast treaty of 1871.

## Gallery

* The ruins of Fort Komenda found in British Komenda in the Central Region