# 7.5 FK

The 7.5 FK (C.I.P.), also known as the 7.5 FK BRNO or the 7.5x27mm, is a bottlenecked rimless centerfire automatic pistol cartridge developed by the Czech firearms and ammunition manufacturer FK Brno Engineering s.r.o.

## History

The 7.5 BRNO was developed between 2009 and 2014, for the specific purpose of providing high capacity automatic pistols the ability to engage combatant targets at a range of between 75–150 metres (82–164 yd) while retaining more kinetic energy at that range than a 9×19mm Parabellum cartridge can generate at the muzzle/point blank range.
Due to the length of the cartridge, relatively high energy, and the pressure that the cartridge generates, no current high-capacity automatic pistol existed that could accommodate the new caliber. FK BRNO developed a specialized platform to accommodate and use this caliber.
Initially, it was chambered in the all-steel FK BRNO Field Pistol (2015) which had a patented recoil attenuating system, but subsequently FK BRNO developed a polymer version of that design, designated as the FK PSD (2020).

## Cartridge dimensions

The 7.5 FK has 1.50 cm$^3$ (23.21 grain of H$_2$O) cartridge case capacity. Americans would define the shoulder angle at alpha/2 = 30 degrees. The common rifling twist for this cartridge is 270mm (1 in 10.62" inch), 6 grooves, Ø lands = 7.5 mm, Ø grooves = 7.77mm, land width = 3.75 mm, and the primer type is small pistol.
According to C.I.P rulings, the 7.5 FK case can handle up to 350 MPa (50,763 psi) piezo pressure. In C.I.P regulated countries, every pistol cartridge combo has to be proofed at 130% of this maximum C.I.P pressure to certify for sale to consumers.

## Characteristics

The goal of the 7.5 FK project was to create a cartridge with a level of performance that could exceed that of the highly effective 125 gr (8.1 g) JHP .357 Magnum load, be at least as effective terminally as the 7.62x39mm Russian and 5.56×45mm NATO cartridges when fired from short (8–10 in (20–25 cm)) barrel AK and AR type platforms, and to provide a package small enough to fit a standard-size military automatic pistol. Another goal was to have a flat trajectory and be accurate enough to engage targets at 75–150 m (82–164 yd), which is the most common engagement distance in modern combat situations.
Measurements of standard 7.5 cartridges loaded with 95 gr (6.2 g) bullets showed a muzzle velocity of 2,000 ft/s (610 m/s) out of a 5.3 in (13.46 cm) barrel equal to 4 in (10.16 cm) of free bore and a muzzle energy of 845 foot-pounds force (1,146 J), which is almost 50% higher than the 357 magnum 125 grain JHP when using premium quality high pressure ammunition where the measured muzzle velocity is 1,450 ft/s (440 m/s) and muzzle energy of 584 foot-pounds force (792 J) when fired from a 4 in (10.16 cm) barrel.
More importantly, the 7.5 FK cartridge achieves this without compromising the sectional density of the projectile, which is critical for penetration and stopping power. The 95 gr (6.2 g) 7.5 FK cartridge has a sectional density of 0.150, while the 101 gr (6.5 g) 7.5 FK cartridge has a sectional density of 0.160. In comparison, the 357 magnum 125 cartridge has a sectional density of 0.140. The higher sectional density allows the 7.5 FK projectile to retain higher velocity and lower trajectory at longer ranges, while having significantly deeper penetration, especially since it has 40% more velocity. It is interesting to note that the measured velocity and energy of the 95 grain load 7.5 FK cartridge at the minimum design engagement distance of 75 m (82 yd) is 1,650 ft/s (500 m/s) and 577 foot-pounds force (782 J) respectively. Which is essentially almost the same as what the 125 grain JHP 357 magnum generates at point blank range from the same barrel length.

## Performance

The table below shows common performance parameters for several common automatic pistol calibers using kinetic energy as the main form of power comparison, using premium high-end ammunition using a 5 in (130 mm) barrel.
| Caliber | Manufacturer | Load | Mass | Velocity fps @ 1m | Velocity fps @ 90m | Energy ft/lbs @ 1m | Energy ft/lbs @ 90m |
| 9mm Luger | Cor-Bon | JHP+p | 125 gr | 1,250 | 1,016 | 434 | 286 |
| 357 Sig | Cor-Bon | JHP | 125 gr | 1,425 | 1,119 | 564 | 348 |
| 40 S&W | Fiocchi | JHP | 165 gr | 1,100 | 942 | 450 | 325 |
| 10mm Auto | Hornady | JHP/XTP | 180 gr | 1,275 | 1,052 | 650 | 443 |
| 5.7x28 FN | Speer | gold Dot | 40 gr | 1,790 | 1,322 | 285 | 155 |
| 7.5 FK | FK BRNO | F5 | 95 gr | 2,000 | 1,610 | 845 | 548 |
The concept of using kinetic energy tables as a measuring method for incapacitating power has been used for almost a century but has been disputed for almost as long by various different authorities, scholars, and writers as it does not take into account the projectile construction and design which may affect terminal performance significantly. It also does not take into account penetration capability which is highly influenced by projectile material, design, and sectional density. Several theories have been published that claim better prediction of incapacitating power than kinetic energy such as Taylor KO index, Hatchers theory, Lethality index, Bekker knock out formula, and Hornady HITS among others. FK BRNO has published their own alternative method which they claim is more efficient and more accurate predictor of incapacitating power which they call Dynamic Shock Index (DSI). They have also published a video showing the 7.5 cartridge being used to hunt large boars where they claim that the terminal ballistics efficiency shown in the video is due to the high DSI of these loads.