OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Waltz in A minor (Chopin)

Frédéric Chopin's Waltz No. 19 in A minor, B. 150, WN 63, KK IVb/11, P. 2/11, is a waltz for solo piano. The waltz was written sometime between 1847 and 1849, but was not published until 1860, after the composer's death, by Jacques Maho. At this time, it was attributed to Charlotte de Rothschild and was published as no. 3 of "Four pieces for piano". This collection also included Chopin's Nocturne in C minor, B. 108. It was not until 1955, 95 years after its initial publishing, that it was correctly attributed to Chopin.

## Structure

This waltz is structured as a single movement in rondo form marked allegretto. It is one of Chopin's shortest and technically easiest waltzes.

## Analysis

Robert Cummings described the piece as showing both sadness and hope. The first theme of the piece uses a simple sad melody with decorative ornaments used throughout. The second theme is more lively, punctuated by a brisk ascending arpeggio, although it still has a certain sadness. About halfway through the piece, there is a modulation into A major, featuring a joyful melody. The piece concludes with the main theme, followed by a short coda.
# Fluid-attenuated inversion recovery

Fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) is a magnetic resonance imaging sequence with an inversion recovery set to null fluids. For example, it can be used in brain imaging to suppress cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) effects on the image, so as to bring out the periventricular hyperintense lesions, such as multiple sclerosis (MS) plaques. It was invented by Graeme Bydder, Joseph Hajnal, and Ian Young in the early 1990s. FLAIR can be used with both three-dimensional imaging (3D FLAIR) or two dimensional imaging (2D FLAIR).

## Technique

By carefully choosing the inversion time (TI), the signal from any particular tissue can be nulled. The appropriate TI depends on the tissue via the formula:
    ${\textrm {TI}}=\ln(2)\cdot T_{1},\,$
in other words, one should typically use a TI of around 70% of the T$_1$ value. In the case of CSF suppression, one aims for T$_1$-weighted images, which prioritize the signal of fat over that of water. Therefore, if the long TI (inversion time) is adjusted to a zero crossing point for water (none of its signal is visible), the signal of the CSF is theoretically being "erased," from the derived image.

## Clinical applications

The FLAIR sequence analysis has been especially useful in the evaluation and study of CNS disorders, involving:
* Lacunar infarction
* Multiple sclerosis (MS) plaques
* Subarachnoid haemorrhage
* Head trauma
* Meningitis and other leptomeningeal diseases*
* Post-contrast FLAIR images have been added to diagnosis protocol for accurate medical assessment.
* Axial fluid-attenuated inversion recovery MRI image demonstrating tumor-related infiltration involving lenticular nuclei (Arrow).
* Axial fluid-attenuated inversion recovery MRI image demonstrating tumor-related infiltration involving both temporal lobes (Short arrow), and the substantia nigra (Long arrow).
# Richard Portes

Richard David Portes CBE is a professor of Economics and an Academic Director of the AQR Asset Management Institute at London Business School. He was President of the Centre for Economic Policy Research, which he founded. He also serves as Directeur d'Etudes at the Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales in Paris.
He was a Rhodes Scholar and a Fellow of Balliol College, Oxford. He also taught at Princeton University, Harvard University (as a Guggenheim Fellow), was the founder of the Economics Department at Birkbeck College (University of London) in 1972. In 1999–2000, he was the Distinguished Global Visiting Professor at the Haas School of Business, University of California, Berkeley, and in 2003–04 he was Joel Stern Visiting Professor of International Finance at Columbia Business School.
Professor Portes is a Fellow of the Econometric Society and a Fellow of the British Academy. He was the longest serving Secretary-General of the Royal Economic Society (1992–2008) since John Maynard Keynes. He is Co-Chairman of the Board of Economic Policy. He is a member of the Group of Economic Policy Advisers to the President of the European Commission. He is the chair of the Steering Committee of the Euro50 Group, of the Bellagio Group on the International Economy, and of the Advisory Scientific Committee to the European Systemic Risk Board.

## Writings

Portes's research interests include international finance, international macroeconomics, macroprudential regulation, European integration, and European bond markets. He has written extensively on sovereign debt, European monetary and financial issues, international capital flows, centrally planned economies and transition, macroeconomic disequilibrium, and European integration. His study (with Richard Baldwin and Joseph Francois) on the Eastern Enlargement of the European Union was widely cited in the public policy debate leading up to the 2004 Enlargement. His work on collective action clauses in sovereign bond contracts, on the international role of the euro, on international financial stability and on European bond markets has been directed towards policy as well as academic publications.

## Awards

Richard Portes was created CBE in the Queen’s 2003 New Year Honours.
Portes holds three honorary doctorates, including one from Paris Dauphine University
# Neobola stellae

Neobola stellae is a species of ray-finned fish in the family Danionidae.

## Location

It is endemic to Lake Turkana in Ethiopia and Kenya.

## Length

It can reach a maximum length of 2.3 cm.

## Etymology

Named in honor of Worthington's wife Stella, a member of the expedition that collected the type specimen.
# Belfast Project

The Belfast Project was an oral history project on the Troubles based at Boston College in Massachusetts, U.S. The project began in 2000, and the last interviews were concluded in 2006. The interviews were intended to be released after the participants' deaths and serve as a resource for future historians.
Ed Moloney was the project's director. Former IRA prisoner turned academic Anthony McIntyre conducted interviews with Irish republican paramilitary members (including Brendan Hughes, Dolours Price, Ivor Bell, and Richard O'Rawe), while Wilson McArthur, East Belfast resident with strong loyalist ties, conducted interviews with loyalist paramilitary members. The two interviewed more than 40 people.
Interviews with Hughes and David Ervine were used (after their deaths) as the basis for Moloney's 2010 book Voices From The Grave: Two Men's War in Ireland, drawing attention to the archive. Subsequently, interviews dealing with the murder of Jean McConville, one of "Disappeared" of Northern Ireland, were subpoenaed by the Police Service of Northern Ireland (PSNI). Moloney and McIntyre filed a lawsuit seeking to block this request, arguing that it placed project participants at risk. The ACLU filed a supporting brief. However, the PSNI ultimately won the resulting court battle, with a United States appeals court decision stating, "The choice to investigate criminal activity belongs to the government and is not subject to veto by academic researchers." Transcripts of interviews with both Price and Hughes were ultimately given to the PSNI.
In 2014, these interviews were used to charge Ivor Bell with soliciting McConville's murder. Portions of the tapes were played in public for the first time during the court proceedings. Ultimately Bell was acquitted as the court found the tapes to be unreliable and they were not admitted as evidence. These tapes are also thought to have contributed to Gerry Adams's 2014 arrest, in which no charges were ultimately filed.
The project's interviews with the loyalist Winston Churchill Rea were in 2015 also subpoenaed by the PSNI and used to prosecute him for murder and other crimes in 2016. Rea's trial was delayed repeatedly due to his failing health and the coronavirus pandemic. He died in 2023, before the trial could be concluded.
Boston College announced via a student publication in 2014 that it was ending the project, returning tapes to living participants upon request.
Interviewer Anthony McIntyre had himself contributed a recorded interview to the Belfast Project, which were also subsequently subpoenaed by the PSNI in 2018; in April 2024, the courts ultimately ruled in favor of the PSNI accessing the tapes, only five days before the cut-off date of May 1, 2024 set by the Troubles Legacy Act, after which point all active historical investigations and no further inquests into Troubles-era crimes can be launched.
# Witaszyczki

Witaszyczki is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Jarocin, within Jarocin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. It lies approximately 3 kilometres (2 mi) south-east of Jarocin and 66 km (41 mi) south-east of the regional capital Poznań. It is famous for being the place of birth of Jerzy Witaszczyk, business specialist and main partner of Guidewire Software.
# Behnam Khosroshahi

Behnam Khalili Khosroshahi (Persian: بهنام خلیلی خسروشاهی, born June 2, 1989) is an Iranian cyclist riding for Tabriz Shahrdary Team.

## Major results
### 2007

    1st Asian Junior Games Time trial
    2nd Asian Juniors Games Road Race

### 2008

    1st stage 5 Tour of Iran (Azerbaijan)
    1st stage 3 Milad De Nour Tour
    1st stage 4 Kerman Tour
    1st stage 5 Taftan Tour

### 2009

    1st stage 5 Milad De Nour Tour

### 2010

    1st stage 1 Tour de Singkarak (TTT)

### 2012

    2nd Iranian National Time Trial Championships

### 2013

    National Time Trial Champion

### 2014

    2nd National Time Trial Championships
# Sharps Run (Cow Creek tributary)

Sharps Run is a stream in the U.S. state of West Virginia. It is a tributary of Cow Creek.
Sharps Run bears the name of a pioneer settler.
# NER Class E1

The North Eastern Railway Class E1, classified as Class J72 by the London and North Eastern Railway (LNER), is a class of small 0-6-0T steam locomotives designed by Wilson Worsdell for shunting. They had inside cylinders and Stephenson valve gear.
They were a development of the earlier NER Class E (LNER Class J71) 0-6-0T designed by T.W. Worsdell who was Wilson Worsdell's brother.

## History
### Build dates

A total of 113 locomotives were built:
* 1898–1899, 20 locos built by NER at Darlington Works
* 1914, 20 locos built by NER at Darlington Works
* 1920, 10 locos built by NER at Darlington Works
* 1922, 25 locos built for NER by Armstrong Whitworth & Co
* 1925, 10 locos built by LNER at Doncaster Works
* 1949–1951, 28 locos built by British Railways at Darlington Works
This is a rare, possibly unique, example of a locomotive class which was built, completely unchanged, under pre-grouping, post-grouping and British Railways administration.

## Numbering

British Railways numbers were:
* 68670-68754 (pre-nationalisation locos)
* 69001-69028 (new locos)

## Preservation

No. 69023 (Departmental No. 59) was purchased by Mr. R. Ainsworth. It is owned by the North Eastern Locomotive Preservation Group. It has worked on several preserved railways. In contrast to the normal black paint finish, this loco operates in a hybrid NER/LNER/BR apple green paint scheme. It re-entered service in 2010 and visited many heritage railways. No. 69023 is now based on the Wensleydale Railway but returns to the NELPG's base at Hopetown Carriage Works, Darlington for winter maintenance.
# A Whole New World (album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
A Whole New World is the fifth studio album released by British-Australian singer-songwriter Peter Andre, in collaboration with his then wife Katie Price.

## Background

After being dropped from East West Records, Andre began recording songs with his then current wife, Katie Price, in their private recording studio in Surrey. Andre planned to keep the songs as private recordings, and had decided to change his focus from the music industry to his family. However, several of the songs were leaked onto the internet in 2006. Andre was later contacted by Absolute Marketing and Universal Music Group, who perceived an interest in releasing the recordings as an album. The album was officially released on 27 November 2006. The album was certified Gold in the UK, awarded for 100,000 copies of the album being shipped to stores. Only the title track was released as a single from the album, on 11 December 2006. Due to poor sales and no promotion, Andre and Price were dropped from the label.
The album has since gained some attention for the many five-star reviews on its Amazon.co.uk listing that, although ostensibly positive in the extreme, are largely written in a tongue-in-cheek style. Some praise the album for its "medical" applications, satirically claiming it has cured such conditions as asthma and constipation.

## Track listing

* "A Whole New World" – 4:35
* "The Best Things in Life Are Free" – 4:12
* "Endless Love" – 4:27
* "Islands in the Stream" – 4:09
* "Tonight I Celebrate My Love for You" – 3:41
* "Cherish" – 4:05
* "The Two of Us" – 4:01
* "I Come Down" – 3:59
* "Don't Go Breaking My Heart" – 4:23
* "To Die For" – 3:54
* "I've Had The Time of My Life" – 4:37
* "Lullaby" – 3:03

## Certifications

| Country | Provider | Certification | Sales |
| United Kingdom | BPI | Gold | 150,000+ |
# Daisaku Takeda

Daisaku Takeda (武田 大作, Takeda Daisaku, born 5 December 1973) is a Japanese lightweight rower. Between 1996 and 2012, he competed at five Olympic Games. He won a gold medal at the 2000 World Rowing Championships in Zagreb with the lightweight men's quadruple scull.
# Langenthal railway station

Langenthal railway station (German: Bahnhof Langenthal) is a railway station in the municipality of Langenthal, in the Swiss canton of Bern. It is located at the junction of the standard gauge Langenthal–Huttwil line of BLS AG and Olten–Bern line of Swiss Federal Railways. The station is also the junction of the 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) gauge Langenthal–Oensingen and Langenthal–Melchnau lines of Aare Seeland mobil.

## Services

As of the December 2024 timetable change, the following services stop at Langenthal:
* InterRegio: half-hourly service between Olten and Bern and hourly service from Olten to Chur via Zürich Hauptbahnhof.
* S11: half-hourly service to Solothurn.
* S12: half-hourly service to St. Urban; every other train continues from St. Urban to St. Urban Ziegelei.
* Lucerne S-Bahn S6/S7: half-hourly service (hourly on Sundays) to Lucerne. S7 trains operate combined with a RegioExpress between Wolhusen and Lucerne.
* Aargau S-Bahn S23: half-hourly service to Olten; every other train continues to Baden.
# Ibn al-Azkashi

Badr al-Din Musa bin Sayf al-Din Abi Bakr Muhammad al-Azkashi (Arabic: بدر الدين موسى بن سيف الدين أبي بكر محمد الأزكشي; Kurdish: Bedir Eldîn Mûsa bîn Seyf Eldîn Ebûbekir Muhammed el-Ezkaşî; d. Sha'ban 715 AH / November 1315 AD) also known as Ibn al-Azkashi (ابن الأزكشي; Ibn El-Azkaşî) was a Marwanid Kurdish emir of the Mamluk Sultanate of Egypt. He was one of the Muqadimi al-Halqa al-Shamia in the Mamluk army that participated in the Battle of Marj al-Saffar against the Mongols in 1303. He was praised for his leadership role in the battle and his good performance in fighting the Mongols. In appreciation of his efforts, Sultan al-Nasir Muhammad bin Qalawun promoted him to the rank of Amir Tabalkhana and then appointed him as na'ib (deputy) of al-Rahba in the same year.

## Biography
### Na'ib of al-Rahba

Emir Jamal al-Din Aqush al-Afram, the na'ib of Syria, prepared him to assume the position of na'ib of al-Rahba in 1303. Emir Al-Ashraf Musa proved highly competent in managing this niaba for more than ten years, and he has the greatest credit for resisting the Mongol campaign against al-Rahba led by the Mongol King Öljaitü in 1312. This campaign was instigated by two Mamluk emirs fleeing to him, emir Shams al-Din Qarasanqur and Jamal al-Din Aqosh al-Afram. Al-Afram had sought to promote emir Musa and place al-Rahba in his charge, so he thought that Musa would hand over the castle to him, but he refused that and resisted the great siege imposed by the Mongols on the castle until the hot weather began taking effect among their troops, so they were forced to leave, leaving behind huge siege machines of catapults and other things, which the people of al-Rahba seized.

### Death

As soon as Sultan al-Nasir Muhammad arrived with his army from Egypt to the Levant, news of the departure of the Mongols had reached him. The Mongols had set traps for carrier pigeons during the siege so that the news would not reach Egypt and the Levant. When al-Nasir met with emir Musa near al-Rahba at the beginning of the following year, He admired him and promoted him to the rank of Amir Mi'a Muqadam Alaf, and emir Musa remained na'ib of al-Rahba until 715 AH/1315 AD, then he was removed from it and given command in Damascus, and Baktut al-Karamani succeeded him as na'ib of al-Rahba, and Musa remained in Damascus until he died that year on Friday, the eighth of Sha’ban, at his home in Maydan al-Hassa near Damascus, and was buried near al-Qubaybat. Emir Sayf al-Din Tankiz, the na'ib of Syria, attended his funeral.
# 2025 Houston Christian Huskies football team

The 2025 Houston Christian Huskies football team represents Houston Christian University in the 2025 NCAA Division I FCS football season. The Huskies play their home games at Husky Stadium in Houston, Texas, and compete in the Southland Conference. They are led by second–year head coach Jason Bachtel.

## Schedule

| Date | Time | Opponent | Site |
| August 30 | TBA | Arkansas Baptist* | Husky StadiumHouston, TX |
| September 6 | | at Eastern Kentucky* | Roy Kidd StadiumRichmond, KY |
| September 13 | | at Nebraska* | Memorial StadiumLincoln, NE |
| September 20 | | Northern Colorado* | Husky StadiumHouston, TX |
| October 4 | | at UT Rio Grande Valley | Robert and Janet Vackar StadiumEdinburg, TX |
| October 11 | | Northwestern State | Husky StadiumHouston, TX |
| October 18 | | at McNeese | Cowboy StadiumLake Charles, LA |
| October 25 | | Southeastern Louisiana | Husky StadiumHouston, TX |
| November 1 | | at Nicholls | Manning Field at John L. Guidry StadiumThibodaux, LA |
| November 8 | | Stephen F. Austin | Husky StadiumHouston, TX |
| November 15 | | at East Texas A&M | Ernest Hawkins Field at Memorial StadiumCommerce, TX |
| November 22 | | Incarnate Word | Husky StadiumHouston, TX |
| *Non-conference gameAll times are in Central time |||||
# 13 Assassins (1963 film)

13 Assassins (Japanese: 十三人の刺客, romaji: Jūsan-nin no shikaku) is a 1963 Japanese jidaigeki (period drama) film directed by Eiichi Kudo.

## Plot

In 1844, the Tokugawa shogunate in Japan is in a period of transition, and one of the high ranking lords, Lord Matsudaira, has become tainted by his dissolute and reprobate misconduct. Many leaders in the governing community of the current government feel that the code of honor, bushido, of the samurai is being disgraced by Matsudaira. His reprobate, egotistical, and feckless lifestyle is disgusting to those who come into close contact with him. After receiving reports, Sir Doi is convinced that Matsudaira represents a severe threat to the entire code of honor for the samurai tradition. Sir Doi decides, because of the severity of Matsudaira's misconduct, to take a blood oath to assassinate the reprobate Lord Matsudaira. He enlists a troop of assassins to swear a similar blood oath to do away with Matsudaira in order to restore his country's wellbeing and code of honor.
Shinzaemon gathers a diverse group of warriors with the intent to trap and kill Matsudaira and his 200 bodyguards in the town of Ochiai. Using clever tactics, Shinzaemon successfully evens the odds against the overwhelming force and defeating the enemy lord and his rival, the leader of the bodyguards, Hanbei.

## Cast

* Takayuki Akutagawa [ja] as Narrator
* Chiezō Kataoka as Shinzaemon Shimada
* Kōtarō Satomi as Shinrokurō Shimada
* Ryōhei Uchida as Hanbei kitou
* Tetsurō Tanba as Doi Toshitsura
* Satomi Oka
* Yuriko Mishima [ja]
* Junko Fuji as Kayo
* Chōichirō Kawarasaki [ja]
* Michitarō Mizushima [ja]
* Kunio Kaga [ja]
* Seishiro Sawamura
* Kusuo Abe [ja]
* Shingo Yamashiro as Koyata Kiga
* Kōshirō Harada
* Shunji Kasuga [ja]
* Ushio Akashi [ja]
* Eijirō Kataoka [ja]
* Ryūji Kita
* Ryōsuke Kagawa
* Kantarō Suga as Naritsugu
* Shun'ya Wazaki [ja]
* Hiroshi Mizuno [ja]
* Michimaro Kotabe [ja]
* Tsukie Matsuura
* Noboru Aihara
* Masao Hori
* Kinnosuke Takamatsu
* Akira Shioji [ja] as Horii
* Masaharu Arikawa [ja]
* Mitsugu Fujii
* Ryōzō Tanaka
* Kandō Arashi
* Kunio Hikita
* Kyōnosuke Murai
* Masuo Kamiki
* Jun Harukawa
* Ren Takahashi
* Ryōnosuke Doi
* Masaru Fujiwara
* Isamu Dobashi
* Hiroshi Kasuga
* Kanjūrō Arashi as Saheita Kuranaga
* Kō Nishimura as Kujūrō Hirayama
* Ryūnosuke Tsukigata as Makino
* Isao Natsuyagi (uncredited)

## Remakes

The film was remade in 2010 by Takashi Miike. The remake was met with critical acclaim. BFI, in an assessment of the top ten samurai films, compared the remake of the film to the original version stating: "Set in 1844, 13 Assassins follows the Seven Samurai template, featuring a band of samurais who come together to overthrow a despotic lord for the greater good of society. Miike’s version benefits from a far more generous budget, with a wonderful attention to period sets and costumes and some inventively choreographed fight scenes."
Between the original 1963 film and the 2010 remake, a 1990 production by Fuji TV aired as a television movie starring noted actor Tatsuya Nakadai in the lead role (Shimada Shinzaemon).
# Taio Kanai

Taio Kanai (金井大旺, Kanai Taiō, born 28 September 1995) is a Japanese athlete specialising in the high hurdles. He finished fourth at the 2017 Summer Universiade.
His personal best in the 110 metres hurdles was 13.34 (+0.3 m/s) set in Machida in 2020, until his 13.16 (+1.7) national record set in Hiroshima in 2021.

## International competitions

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Event | Notes |
| Representing Japan ||||||
| 2014 | Asian Junior Championships | Taipei, Taiwan | 1st | 110 m hurdles (99 cm) | 13.33 |
| 2014 | World Junior Championships | Eugene, United States | 11th (sf) | 110 m hurdles (99 cm) | 13.85 |
| 2017 | Universiade | Taipei, Taiwan | 4th | 110 m hurdles | 13.69 |
| 2018 | Asian Games | Jakarta, Indonesia | 7th | 110 m hurdles | 13.74 |
| 2018 | Continental Cup | Ostrava, Czech Republic | 6th | 110 m hurdles | 13.72$^1$ |
| 2019 | Asian Championships | Doha, Qatar | 5th | 110 m hurdles | 13.64 |
| 2019 | World Championships | Doha, Qatar | 29th (h) | 110 m hurdles | 13.74 |
| 2021 | Olympic Games | Tokyo, Japan | 24th (sf) | 110 m hurdles | 26.11 |
$^1$Representing Asia-Pacific
# Armin Aberle

Armin Aberle (born 13 December 1960) is a German semiconductor scientist and full professor at the National University of Singapore in the field of photovoltaics and solar energy, particularly thin film solar cells.
Aberle was born in Hausach, Germany. In 1988, he attained his undergraduate degree in Physics from the University of Freiburg and in 1992 completed his PhD in Physics at the same university.
He is currently working as Chief Executive Officer, Solar Energy Research Institute of Singapore (SERIS, since April 2012).
Armin has written one book and is the author or co-author of over 240 academic publications and patent applications. Armin has also been involved in attaining over A$26 million in funding for photovoltaic research, including A$12.2 million to create an ARC Centre of Excellence in Photovoltaics and Photonics.

## Awards received by Armin Aberle

* 1992 Postdoctoral Humboldt Fellowship
* 2002 Member of Editorial Board of the academic journal Progress in Photovoltaics
* Marquis Who's Who in the World (19th, 22nd, 23rd Edition)
* Marquis Who's Who in Science and Engineering (4th and 9th Edition)
# Shaw Run

Shaw Run is a stream in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania. It is a tributary to Turkey Run.
Shaw Run has the name of John Shaw, the proprietor of a carding mill on the stream's banks.