OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Portuguese national debt

The Portuguese national debt, the public debt of Portugal, or the debt of the public administrations of Portugal, as any other government debt, is the financial amount the Portuguese State owes, externally and internally, due to its various financial commitments.
Since the early 1990s, there were two main periods in which the country's debt registered strong growth. The first was at the beginning of the third millennium, i.e., from the year 2000 the Portuguese public debt began to grow in a way that many economists considered worrisome, and that in their opinion would contribute to create a structural crisis in the country. However, the big increase in the public debt, in parallel with the rest of Europe, was post-2008, after the international crisis of the Great Recession which began in 2008, that caused the sovereign debt crisis in the majority of European countries.
As the public debt presented as a % of Gross Domestic Product, it is actually presented as a ratio, as the division between the sovereign debt and the Portuguese GDP multiplied by 100 percent. Therefore, the debt increase after 2008 was also a result of GDP decrease due to economic recession.
In 2012 the Portuguese debt, at 129% of the GDP, was the second highest in relative terms in the European Union only after Greece. By the first semester of 2013, the Portuguese national debt increased to a record-high of 130% of the GDP, around 214.5 billion Euros or 293 billion US dollars. In June 2014, the public debt reached 134% of the GDP.
After 2014, when the Portuguese economy started recovering and with the end of Troika, the Portuguese debt gradually started decreasing. As of December 2023, it stood at 98.7% of the national GDP, the lowest level recorded since 2009. The Portuguese debt was still higher than the European Union average, and as of 2023 was the 6th highest in relative terms amongst Eu countries, after Greece, Italy, France, Spain and Belgium.

## Share of debt in GDP

Government debt in share of GDP since 1974
# Iowa's 28th Senate district

The 28th District of the Iowa Senate is located in northern Iowa, and is currently composed of Hancock, Humboldt, Wright, Franklin, and Hamilton counties, as well as part of Story County.

## Current elected officials

Mike Klimesh is the senator currently representing the 28th District.
The area of the 28th District contains two Iowa House of Representatives districts:
* The 55th District (represented by Michael Bergan)
* The 56th District (represented by Anne Osmundson)
The district is also located in Iowa's 1st congressional district, which is represented by U.S. Representative Ashley Hinson.

## Past senators

The district has previously been represented by:
* Jeremiah Jenkins, 1856–1859
* D. Hammer, 1860–1863
* Josiah Hatch, 1864–1865
* Jonathan Cattell, 1866–1869
* Frank Campbell, 1870–1873
* Thomas Mitchell, 1874–1877
* John Nichols, 1878–1883
* Preston Sutton, 1884–1887
* William Mills, 1888–1891
* George Turner, 1892–1895
* J.L. Carney, 1896–1899
* J.B. Classen, 1900–1903
* Charles Eckles, 1904–1908
* Comfort Harvey Van Law, 1909–1912
* Wallace Arney, 1913–1918
* Ray Scott, 1919–1922
* William McLeland, 1923–1932
* Chris Reese, 1933–1936
* Benjamin Chase Whitehill, 1937–1946
* Robert Rockhill, 1947–1948
* W. Eldon Walter, 1949–1956
* Howard Buck, 1957–1964
* Warren Kruck, 1965–1968
* R. Dean Arbuckle, 1969–1972
* Karl Nolin, 1973–1976
* Bill Hutchins, 1977–1982
* Richard Drake, 1983–1992
* Andy McKean, 1993–2002
* James Seymour, 2003–2012
* Michael Breitbach, 2013–2021
* Mike Klimesh, 2021–present
Note: the boundaries of districts have changed over history. Previous politicians of a specific numbered district have represented a completely different geographic area, due to redistricting.
# Massacre Lake

Massacre Lake is a lake in the northwest of the U.S. state of Nevada. It was named in commemoration of a supposed 1850 massacre of a party of pioneers. However, a later study suggested that the supposed massacre never took place, due to it being absent in contemporary records. As of 2021, the lake is the site of the oldest known mastodon remains in North America, dating to 16.5-16.4 million years ago.
# Ewa Wiśnierska

Ewa Wiśnierska, née Cieślewicz (born 23 December 1971, Nysa, Poland), is a Polish paraglider, a member of the German national paragliding team, who won the Paragliding World Cup on several occasions. She is mostly known for having survived extreme cold, lightning and lack of oxygen during an ascent to almost 10,000 metres (33,000 ft) inside a cumulonimbus cloud.
Wiśnierska lives in Aschau im Chiemgau, Bavaria, where she teaches paragliding and runs a company which offers courses in personal development.

## Accident

On 14 February 2007, in spite of weather reports heralding the presence of violent thunderstorms, Wiśnierska decided to try to fly in order to train for the 2007 World Paragliding Championships near Manilla, New South Wales, Australia. She was sucked into the ascending current of a cumulonimbus cloud, a cloud responsible for large and heavy rains, usually with hail inside and extremely low temperatures. Unable to get out, she was lifted to an altitude of 9,946 metres (32,631 ft), according to her GPS. The GPS variometer also tracked vertical speeds of up to +21 m/s (77 kilometres per hour (48 mph)). She landed 3.5 hours later about 60 kilometres (37 mi) north of her starting position.
In the same weather event, a Chinese paraglider, He Zhongpin, was killed by a lightning strike, at 42 years old.

## Film

In 2010, ABC1 and France 5 made the documentary film Miracle in the Storm about her story. The film was nominated as Most Outstanding Factual Program for the Logie Awards of 2011 and won the category Best Cinematography in a Documentary at the 2010 Australian Film Institute Awards.
# PolyStation

PolyStation is a counterfeit video game console and Famiclone that closely resembles a Sony PlayStation, particularly the PS1 variant. The cartridge slot of the PS1-clone systems is located under the lid which, on an original PlayStation, covers the disc drive.

## History

According to few sources, Polystation was released in 1997 in China. Over the following decades it became popular in many places around the world like Latin America, Africa, Asia and Europe, where due to its low price, was still on top in 2000s.
Each country has a different story of a PolyStation release. For example, in Brazil, the system was distributed from 2000 by Western businessman Ali Ahmad Zaioum, of Paraguayan-Lebanese origin. He also owns around 400 patents and trademarks supposedly created by him. However, he was accused by the Paraguayan court of falsifying documents and information in order to obtain registration with the Ministry of Industry and Commerce of Paraguay. In 2015, PolyStations proved to be popular in parts of Costa Rica.

## Variations of the PolyStation

PolyStation consoles are sold under many different names, including the PS-Kid, Game Player, Play and Power, FunStation, Extra TV Game, and PSMan; there are also a number of variations on the PolyStation name, such as PolyStation II, PolyStation III and Super PolyStation.
Some of these consoles resemble the original PlayStation, others the PSone redesign, and others the PlayStation 2, PlayStation 3 (as FunStation 3) and PlayStation 4. More recent models, such as the Game Station 5, resemble the PlayStation 5. Some variations include built-in unlicensed games, and in many cases these games are modified copies of licensed games.
Other versions of the console include the Mini PolyStation 2 and 3, which are small versions of the PolyStation 2 and 3 and come with an attachable controller. They have a small LCD screen, and are playable handheld games.
# Rising Paper Mill

The Rising Paper Mill is a historic factory at 295 Park Street North, in the Housatonic village of Great Barrington, Massachusetts. Built in 1873 for H.D. Cone, it is one of the best-preserved examples of period mill architecture in Berkshire County. The complex was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1975. In 2008, the facility was purchased by Hazen Paper, which announced plans to manufacture multi-ply laminated paper for packaging.

## Description and history

The Rising Paper Mill is located south of the village of Housatonic, on the east bank of the Housatonic River near the junction of Massachusetts Route 183 (Park Street) and Mountain Road. The complex covers about 30 acres (12 ha), with significant frontage on both the river and the road. The facility's dam is located near the north end of the property. It consists of two long three-story brick buildings, which are joined near their centers by a narrower section. The north block is 212 feet (65 m) and 21 bays in length, while the south block is 145 feet (44 m) and 14 bays in length. The buildings are covered by mansarded slate roofs, and have elaborate mansarded towers at the corners. The corners are finished with rusticated granite quoining, and there are bands of decorative Greek crosses below the eaves.
The mill was built in about 1873 for H.D. Cone, whose intention it was to build the world's largest paper factory. The buildings are built with exceptionally strong foundations, needed for the heavy machinery used in the papermaking process. Granite for its foundations were quarried at nearby Monument Mountain. The design of the building placed the key Foudrinier machines in the hyphen joining the two main structures, one of which was devoted to the preparation of materials, and the other to finishing the paper.
The mill was not entirely finished by Cone, who went bankrupt soon after its construction due to a variety financial reverses. It sat vacant until the turn of the 20th century, when it was purchased by the B.D. Rising Company, which used it to make paper. The Rising Mill became the area's largest employer after the nearby Monument Mills failed in the 1930s.
# Inoua Bodia

Inoua Bodia (born 4 December 1947) is a Cameroonian boxer. He competed in the men's lightweight event at the 1968 Summer Olympics. At the 1968 Summer Olympics, he lost to Anthony Quinn of Ireland.
# Basil Boniface

Basil Boniface (born 6 January 1962) is a Seychellois boxer. He competed in the men's welterweight event at the 1984 Summer Olympics.
# Samuel and Johanna Jones Farm

Samuel and Johanna Jones Farm is a historic home and farm complex located near Amsterdam in Montgomery County, New York. The farmhouse was built about 1840 and is in the Greek Revival style. It consists of a 2-story main block, three bays wide and three bays deep, with a 2-story rear wing. Attached is a 1+1⁄2-story "tee" wing, with a 1-story wing. It features an oriel window, covered wooden balconies, and porches. Also on the property are a cowbarn, milkshed, a chicken coop, a machine shed, and an outhouse.
It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1993.
# Elizet Banda

Elizet Banda (born 16 February 1988 in Chingola) is a Zambian runner who specializes in the 1500 metres.
She finished eighth at the 2006 World Junior Championships and ninth at the 2008 African Championships. She also competed at the 2006 Commonwealth Games.
Her personal best time is 4:25.04 minutes, achieved in July 2006 in Windhoek.
# Priester

Priester may refer to:

## People

* Alice Michaelis (née Alice Priester; 1875–1943), German painter, teacher
* Aquiles Priester (born 1971), Brazilian metal drummer
* Eva Priester (1910–1982), Austrian journalist and socialist activist
* Julian Priester (born 1935), American jazz trombone player and composer
* Karl-Heinz Priester (1913–1961), German far right political activist
* Lee Priester (1903–1988), American track and field athlete, and Olympian
* Mitchell Burgzorg (born 1987), Dutch footballer who uses Priester as his stage name for his rap music career
* Quinn Priester (born 2000, American baseball player

## Other

* Priester Building
# Edward van der Merwe

Edward Alexander van der Merwe (9 November 1903 – 26 February 1971) was a South African cricketer who played in two Test matches, one each in 1929 and 1935–36. He was born in Rustenburg, Transvaal and died at Auckland Park, also in Transvaal.
Van der Merwe was a lower-order right-handed batsman and wicketkeeper whose first-class cricket career extended over 11 years and included two important tours in the South African team, but which amounted to only 27 matches in all. He had played only three times for Transvaal when he was picked as the second wicketkeeper to Jock Cameron on the 1929 tour of England. With Cameron one of the key players of the team, his opportunities were limited and he played in only 14 of the 34 first-class matches on the tour, but they included the third Test match at Headingley, as Cameron had not recovered from being knocked unconscious while batting against Harold Larwood in the preceding Test at Lord's. Van der Merwe took two catches and, batting at No 10, scored 19 and 1. But Cameron, a far better batsman, resumed his place in the side for the next match in the series. The last game of the sequence of five consecutive tour matches played by van der Merwe while Cameron was injured was the first-class game against Scotland at Perth, and, still batting at No 10, he made an unbeaten 35, and this would prove to be the highest score of his career.
Van der Merwe returned to South Africa after the England tour, but his cricket over the next two seasons was only intermittent: one match for Transvaal in 1929–30 and two, both for Transvaal against the England touring team, in 1930–31. But in 1931–32 he was chosen again for an overseas tour as Cameron's deputy wicketkeeper: this time the tour to Australia and New Zealand. As in England in 1929, van der Merwe was not called on for many games: he played in only three first-class matches, none of them Tests, and returned to South Africa with Stephen Steyn before the team embarked on the New Zealand leg of the tour.
After this tour, van der Merwe disappeared from first-class cricket for four years. He was recalled in 1935–36, straight into the South African Test team for the fifth and final match in the Australian series. Cameron had died suddenly on his return from the 1935 tour of England and his deputy on that tour, Robert Williams, had remained in England. In the first four matches of the Australian series, wicketkeeping had been in the hands of Frank Nicholson; he had taken only three catches in the four games, and fielding lapses were cited as a reason the series was being lost. Van der Merwe was unable to stop the losses, and took only one catch in his single match, scoring 7 not out and 0 as Australia won by an innings.
This proved to be van der Merwe's final Test appearance; and he made only three more first-class appearances for Transvaal in the 1937–38 season before leaving cricket.
# 2002 Fijian local elections

Local elections were held in Fiji in October 2002. The results allowed the three major political parties, Soqosoqo Duavata ni Lewenivanua (SDL), the Fiji Labour Party (FLP) and the National Federation Party (NFP) to claim a victory of sorts. The elections, which take place every three years, were for two city councils and ten town councils throughout Fiji.

## Results by municipality

The results showed considerable variation from one municipality to another, indicating that local rather than national issues played a prominent role in the election. The NFP, which suffered disastrous defeats in the national elections of 1999 and 2001, failing to win a single seat in the House of Representatives, remained strong at the municipal level, while the SDL and the FLP, despite their fierce and sometimes bitter rivalry in national politics, forged an alliance after the election to control the Suva City Council.

### Suva

The Ratepayers Alliance, a coalition dominated by the NFP, won 8 of the 20 seats on the Suva City Council. The SDL won 7 and the FLP, 5. The Ratepayers Alliance and the SDL initially formed a coalition to reelect Chandu Umaria as Lord Mayor, but the coalition fell apart a year later when the SDL forged an alliance with the FLP to elect Ratu Peni Volavola to the office.
FLP support was concentrated in the Samabula Ward, where it won all five seats. In previous municipal election, held in 1999 the FLP had won no seats on the city council.

### Nadi

The NFP retained its hold on the Nadi Town Council, winning 10 of the 15 seats. The other 5 seats, all from the Martintar Ward, were won by the FLP, which had won no seats in 1999.

### Lautoka

The FLP retained control of the Lautoka City Council, winning 10 of the 15 seats. The remaining 5 seats, all from the Waiyavi Ward, were won by the SDL.

### Ba Town

The NFP-dominated Ratepayers Alliance made a clean sweep, winning all 15 seats on the Ba Town Council.

### Labasa

The Ratepayers Alliance, dominated by the NFP, won 10 of the 12 seats. The remaining 2 were won by the FLP.

### Savusavu

The election for control of the Savusavu Town Council was fought entirely between locally-organised groups with no ties to national political parties. Of the 9 seats, the Lighthouse won 6 and Sunrise 2.

### Nasinu

The SDL narrowly won control of the 21-member Nasinu Town Council, taking 11 seats, against 10 for the FLP.

### Lami

The Ratepayers Association extended its 17-year hold on the Lami Town Council by winning another term.

## Controversies

The FLP made allegations of electoral fraud in the Towns of Ba and Labasa. People living outside the municipal boundaries were allegedly enrolled as voters. According to the FLP, electoral authorities ignored 300 such cases in Labasa. In all municipalities, there were reports of voters finding that their names had not been registered on the final roll, despite appearing on the provisional one; the FLP claimed that a number of these were known supporters of the party.
# Ethacridine lactate

Ethacridine lactate (ethacridine monolactate monohydrate, acrinol, trade name Rivanol) is an aromatic organic compound based on acridine. Its formal name is 2-ethoxy-6,9-diaminoacridine monolactate monohydrate. It forms orange-yellow crystals with a melting point of 226 °C and it has a stinging smell.
Its primary use is as an antiseptic in solutions of 0.1%. It is effective against mostly Gram-positive bacteria, such as Streptococci and Staphylococci, but ineffective against Gram-negative bacteria such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Ethacridine is also used as an agent for second trimester abortion. Up to 150 ml of a 0.1% solution is instilled extra-amniotically using a foley catheter. After 20 to 40 hours, 'mini labor' ensues. In China, an intra-amniotic method has also been used. Ethacridine as an abortifacient is found to be safer and better tolerated than 20% hypertonic saline.
# Barkley Miguel Panzo

Barkley Miguel Panzo (born 9 September 1992) is a French footballer who plays as a forward.

## Early life

Panzo was born in 1992 in the 12th arrondissement of Paris to Angolan parents. He acquired French nationality on 5 October 2005, through the collective effect of his mother's naturalization.

## Career

Panzo started his career with AC Boulogne-Billancourt in France, before moving to FK Baník Most in the Czech second division.
He played in England between 2009 and 2012, training with the Queens Park Rangers' under-18s and playing for Woking F.C., Walton & Hersham F.C., Hendon F.C., Hillingdon Borough F.C., Northwood F.C. and Cambridge City F.C. He was called up for training with the Angola national team in Lubango in 2015 while playing for AC Brévinois (AC St Brevin) in the fourth regional tier in Saint-Brevin-les-Pins, France, having scored 16 goals that season. In France between 2012 and 2017, he also played for FC Sarlat, AS Moulins, TVEC Les Sables-d'Olonne and the US Orléans B team. He signed for Syrianska FC in the Superettan in 2017, with the Syrianska and Superettan websites claiming that he scored a goal in three matches for Angola.
On 3 February 2018, Panzo's club FK Panevėžys published a disclaimer saying that they signed him after he demonstrated his skills on the pitch. They stated that they did not know about a "possible match in the Angolan squad" and they apologized for the appearance of incorrect information on their website. On 15 January 2019, he signed for the Vittoriosa Stars in the Maltese First Division.
# Bohumil Smrček

Bohumil Smrček (born 3 July 1961) is a Czech football manager.
# 1966 Dominican general election

General elections were held in Dominica on 7 January 1966. The result was a victory for the Dominica Labour Party, which won 10 of the 11 seats. Voter turnout was 80.3%.

## Results

| Party | Party | Votes | % | Seats | +/– |
| | Dominica Labour Party | 11,735 | 64.77 | 10 | +3 |
| | Dominica United People's Party | 5,815 | 32.10 | 1 | –3 |
| | Independents | 568 | 3.14 | 0 | 0 |
| Total | Total | 18,118 | 100.00 | 11 | 0 |
| Valid votes | Valid votes | 18,118 | 93.20 | | |
| Invalid/blank votes | Invalid/blank votes | 1,322 | 6.80 | | |
| Total votes | Total votes | 19,440 | 100.00 | | |
| Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | 24,147 | 80.51 | | |
| Source: Caribbean Elections ||||||
# Edward Egerton

Edward Christopher Egerton (27 July 1816 – 27 August 1869) was a British Conservative politician from the Egerton family.

## Background

Egerton was the son of Wilbraham Egerton and Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Christopher Sykes, 2nd Baronet. William Egerton, 1st Baron Egerton, was his elder brother.

## Political career

Egerton sat as Member of Parliament for Macclesfield from 1852 to 1868 and for Cheshire East from 1868 to 1869. He served under the Earl of Derby and later Benjamin Disraeli as Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs between 1866 and 1868.

## Family

Egerton married Lady Mary Frances, daughter of Charles Pierrepont, 2nd Earl Manvers, in 1845. Together they had two sons:
* Hugh Edward,
* Charles Augustus (24 Aug. 1846-13 Oct. 1912), who married Lady Mabel Annie Brassey, daughter of Thomas Brassey, 1st Earl Brassey and Lady Anna Allnutt. They had five children including Vice-Adm. Henry Egerton who married Marion France Theresa Beckett, the daughter of Sir William Gervase Beckett, 1st Baronet and sister-in-law to Prime Minister Anthony Eden.
He died in August 1869, aged 53. Lady Mary remained a widow until her death in June 1905.