OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 1997 Anjouan independence referendum

An independence referendum was held on Anjouan, an island in the Comoros, on 26 October 1997. Over 99% of voters voted in favour of independence. However, the vote was not recognised and the island returned to the control of the Comorian government in 2001.

## Background

In July 1997 opposition parties were banned and Anjouan separatist leader Abdallah Ibrahim was arrested. His arrest led to rioting in Mutsamudu, the capital of Anjouan. Following the riots, militants from the Anjouan People's Movement took over the island, and declared independence on 3 August 1997. Ibrahim was released from prison and named President. At the same time, the island of Mohéli also declared independence.
On 3 October the Comorian army attempted to invade the island, but were repulsed by local troops. A referendum was subsequently called by Ibrahim despite opposition from the Organisation for African Unity and the Arab League.

## Results

| Choice | Choice | Votes | % |
| For | For | 135,116 | 99.68 |
| Against | Against | 439 | 0.32 |
| Total | Total | 135,555 | 100.00 |
| Valid votes | Valid votes | 135,555 | 97.52 |
| Invalid/blank votes | Invalid/blank votes | 3,444 | 2.48 |
| Total votes | Total votes | 138,999 | 100.00 |
| Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | 146,593 | 94.82 |
| Source: Direct Democracy ||||

## Aftermath

Following the referendum, Ibrahim was appointed head of a provision government of island, now renamed Nzwani. In mid-November he agreed to attend peace talks with Comorian president Mohamed Taki Abdoulkarim. After the talks fell through, Anjouan voters subsequently approved a draft constitution in a referendum in February 1998.
Following another failed attempt to reach agreement in 1999, agreement was reached between the Comorian government and the Anjouan separatists in 2001 to progress with a national referendum on a new federal constitution. This was approved by 76% of voters nationally, and 95% of voters on Anjouan.
# Kole Angelovski

Nikola "Kole" Angelovski (born 14 March 1943) is a Macedonian actor. He appeared in more than fifty films since 1962.

## Selected filmography

| Year | Title |
| 1965 | Three |
| 1967 | Macedonian Blood Wedding |
| 1967 | Stronghold of Toughs |
| 1969 | Battle of Neretva |
| 1970 | The Fed One |
| 1973 | The Battle of Sutjeska |
| 1982 | The Falcon |
| 1984 | Haven't I Told You |
| 1987-1990 | Hajde da se volimo |
# Sir Thomas Dixon, 2nd Baronet

Sir Thomas James Dixon, 2nd Baronet, PC (NI) (29 May 1868 – 10 May 1950), was a Northern Ireland politician.
Dixon was the eldest son of Sir Daniel Dixon, 1st Baronet, Lord Mayor of Belfast, and his wife, Eliza (née Agnew). He succeeded his father as second Baronet in 1907. Dixon was a Member of the Senate of Northern Ireland from 1924 to 1950, and was admitted to the Privy Council of Northern Ireland in 1931. He served as High Sheriff of Antrim in 1912, and of County Down in 1913. He was Lord Lieutenant of Belfast between 1924 and 1950.
Dixon married Edith Stewart Clark on 7 February 1906. He died in May 1950, aged 81, and was succeeded in the baronetcy by his younger brother Herbert, who had already been elevated to the peerage as Baron Glentoran. He is buried in Dundonald Cemetery.
In 1919, Dixon purchased Wilmont House and its estates in Belfast for £21,500. Lady Dixon was appointed Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire (DBE) for her services during World War I.

## Legacy

Sir Thomas and Lady Dixon Park opened the same year.
# Abhaya Simha

Abhaya Simha is a Kannada film director and screenwriter. He was born and brought up in Mangalore, Karnataka, INDIA. He did his graduation from St. Aloysius College, Mangalore. He studied Kannada, English Literature and Journalism. After that he specialized in Film Direction from Film and Television Institute of India, Pune. He started his film career in Bangalore in 2007. His debut venture Gubbachchigalu won the National Award for the best children's film for the year 2008. His second venture was a bilingual movie named Shikari. Shikari was released in March 2012 across Karnataka and Kerala. His third film was Sakkare in Kannada starring Ganesh (actor). It was released across Karnataka in November 2013. In 2017 he made Paddayi in Tulu won 65th National award for Best Feature Film in Tulu.

## Early life

Abhaya Simha has completed his graduation from St Aloysius College, Mangalore. Later he did his film studies from Film and Television Institute of India (FTII) Pune. His grandfather was G.T. Narayana Rao, a well-known science writer in Kannada, music critic, cultural organiser, and a prominent citizen of the city of Mysore, India.

## Filmography

| Year | Film | Language | Notes |
| 2008 | Gubbachigalu | Kannada | Winner National Film Award for Best Children's Film |
| 2012 | Shikari | Kannada | Bilingual film |
| 2012 | Shikari | Malayalam | Bilingual film |
| 2013 | Sakkare | Kannada | |
| 2017 | Paddayi | Tulu | Best Feature Film in Tulu -2017 |
# Salamander (film)

Salamander (Russian: Саламандра, romanized: Salamandra) is a 1928 Soviet-German silent biopic film directed by Grigori Roshal and starring Bernhard Goetzke, Natalya Rozenel and Nikolay Khmelyov.

## Plot

The film is based on real events and reveals the tragic episodes from the life of the Austrian biologist scientist-materialist Paul Kammerer (1880-1926), hunted by regressive scientists and Catholic reactionaries who committed suicide.
The film is set in Leipzig, Germany, which is ruled by clergy and aristocracy, at a time when fascism is starting to emerge, and the working class is forced to live in poverty. Professor Zange is employed here and he is one of the few who sympathizes with the poor. The scientist uses salamanders for his experiments and learns that their inheritance is dependent on external factors. As he makes this discovery he becomes a menace to the existing political system and the clergy conspires with the aristocracy to get rid of him.

## Cast

* Bernhard Goetzke as Professor Zange
* Natalya Rozenel as Felicia, his wife
* Nikolay Khmelyov as Prince Ruprecht Karlstein, fascist
* Sergey Komarov as Pater Brzhezinskiy, jesuit
* Vladimir Fogel as baron-reactionist
* Aleksandr Chistyakov as Prayer, pressman
* Mikhail Doller as Filonov, Zange's assistant
* Elza Temary as Bertha, Zange's assistant
* Anatoli Lunacharsky
# Sanpada railway station

Sanpada is a Node of Navi Mumbai it has railway station on the Harbour Line of the Mumbai Suburban Railway network. Sanpada has good railway connections with CSMT, Thane and Panvel.
Sanpada is the smallest Node in Navi Mumbai at 8.6 sqkm
It has 4 Platforms. PF 1 for the trains going towards Thane and PF 2 for trains towards Vashi. PF 3 is for trains towards CSMT/Goregaon and PF 4 is for trains towards Panvel.
# Hemiasteridae

Hemiasteridae is a family of echinoderms belonging to the order Spatangoida.

## Genera

Genera:
* Bolbaster Pomel, 1869
* Cheopsia Fourtau, 1909
* Hemiaster Agassiz, 1847
* Palhemiaster Lambert, 1916
# Močerady

Močerady is a municipality and village in Domažlice District in the Plzeň Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 70 inhabitants.
Močerady lies approximately 13 kilometres (8 mi) north-east of Domažlice, 35 km (22 mi) south-west of Plzeň, and 117 km (73 mi) south-west of Prague.

## Administrative division

Močerady consists of two municipal parts (in brackets population according to the 2021 census):
* Močerady (51)
* Nové Dvory (5)
# Wood snipe

The wood snipe (Gallinago nemoricola) is a species of snipe which breeds in the Himalayas of northern India, Nepal, Bhutan and southern China. In winter, it occurs at lower altitudes in the Himalayas, as a regular visitor in small numbers to north Vietnam. it also occurs as a vagrant in central and southern India, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Myanmar, north Thailand and Laos. It is reportedly very well-known to Chauri herders in the Himalayas.
This is a dark snipe, 28–32 centimetres (11–13 in) in length, with a short, broad-based bill. In the May-July breeding season, it breeds in alpine meadows above 3,000 metres (9,800 ft), moving to lower altitudes in the winter. Wood snipes breed and nest on boulders near rhododendron shrubs. A 2021 study in Sichuan province during the breeding season (May-July), showed that the birds preferred the lower parts (3,378–3,624 m) of the alpine meadow with intermediate levels of soil moisture, with the birds preferring to forage at sites with higher soil fauna abundance.
The species has been classified as vulnerable by IUCN, with a population of mature birds between 2500 and 10,000. The widespread loss of wetlands habitats in its breeding and wintering grounds has been a major reason for its decline. It has been recorded in some protected areas, including Langtang and Sagarmatha National Parks in Nepal.
It eats invertebrates, primarily worms. Its diet also includes seeds and larvae found in Chauri dung.

## Taxonomy

It was first described in 1836 by Brian Houghton Hodgson.
# Mol (surname)

Mol is a Dutch surname. Meaning "mole" in Dutch, it may be descriptive in origin, or metonymic for a mole catcher. The name could also be patronymic (from the archaic name Molle) or toponymic, referring to the town Mol, Belgium in Antwerp province or a location named "the mole(s)". Among variant forms are De Mol ("the mole"), Demol (a West Flemish variant), Moll, Mols (a patronymic form), and Van Mol ("from the town Mol"). Notable people with these surnames include:
* Alarda Mol (born 1982), Dutch cricketer
* Albert Mol (1917–2004), Dutch author, actor and TV personality
* Anders Mol (born 1997), Norwegian volleyball player
* Annemarie Mol (born 1958), Dutch ethnographer and philosopher
* Christelle Mol (born 1972), French badminton player
* Dick Mol (born 1955), Dutch paleontologist and mammoth expert
* Geert-Maarten Mol (born 1983), Dutch cricketer, brother of Hendrik-Jan
* Gretchen Mol (born 1972), American model and actress
* Hans Mol (1922–2017), Dutch-born Australian sociologist
* Hendrik-Jan Mol (born 1977), Dutch cricketer, brother of Geert-Maarten
* Jaap Mol (1912–1972), Dutch football forward
* Leo Mol (1915–2009), Ukrainian-Canadian artist and sculptor
* Michael Mol (born 1971), South African doctor and TV personality
* Michiel Mol (born 1969), Dutch businessman and Formula One team director
* Serge Mol (born 1970), Belgian martian arts historian and author
* Simon Mol (1973–2008), pen name of Simon Moleke Njie, Cameroon-born journalist and writer
* Tom Van Mol (born 1972), Belgian footballer
* Wouter Mol (born 1982), Dutch cyclist
* Woutherus Mol (1785–1857), Dutch painter

## De Mol

* Christine De Mol (born 1954), Belgian applied mathematician and mathematical physicist
* Joannes de Mol (1726–1782), Dutch minister and porcelain manufacturer
* Joep de Mol (born 1995), Dutch field hockey player
* John de Mol Jr. (born 1955), Dutch media tycoon, brother of Linda
* Johnny de Mol (born 1979), Dutch actor and presenter, son of John Jr.
* Linda de Mol (born 1964), Dutch actress and television presenter, sister of John Jr.
* Ranlequin de Mol (fl. 15th century), Dutch composer
* Willem De Mol [ca; fr; nl] (1846–1874), Belgian composer

## Demol

* Dirk Demol (born 1959), Belgian cyclist and directeur sportif
* Els Demol (born 1958), Belgian New Flemish Alliance politician
* François Demol (1895–1966), Belgian football defender and manager
* Stéphane Demol (born 1966), Belgian football defender

## Mols

* Florent Mols (1811-1896), Belgian painter
* Jonas Mols, Belgian poker player
* Léonie Mols [nl] (1843-1918), Belgian philanthropist, daughter of Florent
* Michael Mols (born 1970), Dutch football striker
* Robert Mols [nl] (1848-1903), Belgian painter, son of FLorent
* Stefan Mols (born 1999), Spanish football midfielder
* Tonny Mols (born 1969), Belgian football midfielder

### Van Mol

* Pieter van Mol (1599–1650), Flemish painter
* Tom Van Mol (born 1972), Belgian footballer

## Other uses

* De Mol (TV series), a Belgium reality game show licensed in several international formats, commonly known in English countries as The Mole
# Cathedral (children's book)

Cathedral: The Story of its Construction is an illustrated book written by David Macaulay. Published in 1973 by Houghton Mifflin, it was the author's first book.
Cathedral tells the story of the construction of a great medieval cathedral using pen-and-ink drawings. It won the 1975 Deutscher Jugendliteraturpreis for children's non-fiction. It was adapted into a television documentary in 1986.
# 1990 Eastbourne by-election

The 1990 Eastbourne by-election was a by-election held on 18 October 1990 for the House of Commons constituency of Eastbourne in East Sussex.

## Background

The by-election was caused by the death of the town's Conservative Party Member of Parliament (MP) Ian Gow, who was killed on 30 July 1990 by a bomb placed under his car by the Provisional IRA.
The result was a victory for the Liberal Democrat candidate David Bellotti, who defeated former Conservative MP Richard Hickmet by a majority of 4,550 votes and with more than half the votes cast. The loss came as a shock to many Conservatives who had expected (not least given the circumstances under which the by-election was held, as well as the fact that it had been retained by a majority of more than 16,000 votes in 1987) that they would retain the seat. Conservative MP Ann Widdecombe sent a message to voters saying that the IRA would be "toasting their success".
It was a welcome success for the Liberal Democrats, formed in March 1988, after some disastrous early local and European election showings, as well as dismal showings in opinion polls. It came at a time when Conservative support was slumping and Labour was enjoying a comfortable lead in the opinion polls, largely due to the unpopular introduction of poll tax by the Conservative government.
The Liberal Democrats, whose newly adopted party emblem was a 'bird of liberty', had been compared by Margaret Thatcher in a Conservative party conference speech on 12 October to a "dead parrot". The shock defeat contributed to the end of Thatcher's premiership in November 1990 as Conservative MPs worried if they could hold their seats at a general election if she remained prime minister.

## Result

By-election 1990: Eastbourne :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Liberal Democrats | David Bellotti | 23,415 | 50.8 | +21.1 |
| | Conservative | Richard Hickmet | 18,865 | 41.0 | −18.9 |
| | Labour | Charlotte Atkins | 2,308 | 5.0 | −3.8 |
| | Green | David Aherne | 553 | 1.2 | −0.4 |
| | Liberal | Theresia Williamson | 526 | 1.1 | New |
| | Corrective Party | Lady Whiplash | 216 | 0.5 | New |
| | National Front | John McAuley | 154 | 0.3 | New |
| | Ironside Party | Eric Page | 35 | 0.1 | New |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 4,550 | 9.8 | N/A |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 46,072 | 60.7 | −14.9 |
| | Liberal Democrats gain from Conservative | Liberal Democrats gain from Conservative | Swing | +20.0 | |
# Adam Musil

Adam Musil (born 26 March 1997) is a Czech-Canadian ice hockey player for Dynamo Pardubice and the Czech national team.
He was drafted 94th overall in the 2015 NHL Entry Draft by the St. Louis Blues, and represented the Czech Republic at the 2021 IIHF World Championship.
# Hartshorn

Hartshorn is the antler of male red deer.

## Derivatives

Various nitrogen compounds were made from hartshorn shavings:
* Oil of hartshorn is a crude chemical product obtained from the destructive distillation of deer antlers.
* Salt of hartshorn refers to ammonium carbonate, an early form of smelling salts and baking powder obtained by dry distillation of oil of hartshorn.
* Spirit of hartshorn (or spirits of hartshorn) is an archaic name for aqueous ammonia. Originally, this term was applied to a solution manufactured from the hooves and antlers of the red deer, as well as those of some other animals. The aqueous solution was colorless and pungent, consisting of about 28.5 percent ammonia. It was used chiefly as a detergent, for removing stains and extracting certain vegetable coloring agents, and in the manufacture of ammonium salts. Later, the term was applied to the partially purified similar products of the action of heat on nitrogenous animal matter generally. Finally, the term was applied to any aqueous solution of ammonia.

## Uses
### Medicine

Hartshorn jelly or a decoction of burnt hartshorn in water was used to treat diarrhea. The coal of hartshorn, called calcinated hartshorn, was used as an absorbent, as well as in the treatment of dysentery. Salt of hartshorn (ammonium carbonate) was used as a sudorific for treatment of fevers, and as a smelling salt. Hartshorn was used to treat insect bites, sunstroke, stye, and snakebites.

### Baking

Hartshorn salt, also known as hartshorn, baker's ammonia, ammonium carbonate and ammonium bicarbonate is used as a leavening agent in baked goods in place of yeast, baking soda and baking powder. It was more popular in the 1700s and prior as a forerunner of the modern baking powder but is still used today in traditional German, Swiss, Polish, Dutch and Nordic recipes such as
* amoniaczki and drömmar (Polish and Swedish sugar cookies)
* loftkökur (Icelandic chocolate cookies)
* hafrakex (Icelandic oatmeal cookies)
* Basler Leckerli (Swiss & German citrus gingerbread)
* Biscoff (Dutch, Belgian & German illustrated Christmas cookies, aka windmill cookies or Speculaas)
* Springerle (German illustrated Christmas crackers)
* lefse (Norwegian tortillas)
A half-teaspoon of hartshorn salt can substitute for one teaspoon of baking powder, and this is commonly done in Americanized recipes. However hartshorn salt is different from baking powder in that the goods baked with hartshorn salt are crispier, retain intricate designs better, and can be kept out in the open air for longer without becoming stale or hard.
Hartshorn salt and freshly-baked goods made from it smell of ammonia. When heated, the ammonia and carbon dioxide gases are released, and the smell eventually dissipates. The use of hartshorn may turn some ingredients green, such as sunflower seeds.

#### Safety concerns

Ammonia released during the baking process reacts with glucose and fructose to form intermediate molecules that in turn, react with asparagine (an amino acid found in nuts, seeds, and whole grains) to form acrylamide, a carcinogen.
# Sheh Shamia

Hajji Hasan Sheikh Shamia or Sheh Shamia (Shkodër, 1814 – 25 March 1891) was a leading reform imam of the 19th century. It is thought that his name comes from his wearing a white turban around his red taqiyah, unusual at a time when most imams wore red.
Consul Louis Hyacinthe Hecquard also referred to him as Shamil, an honorific used by the Ottoman authorities based on Shamil, a prominent leader in the struggles of Dagestan against Russian rule of the Caucasus.

## Biography

He was born in the Zdrale neighbourhood of Shkodër, the son of Oso Alia, whose family came from the village of Dragon in Skadarska Krajina, in what is now Montenegro. Shamia began his religious education at the age of fourteen in private study with Daut Boriçi. Shamia taught theology himself around 1837 at Muhammad Ali Pasha of Egypt Madrasah in Kavala, and participated with distinction in the Istanbul Congresses of Ulema in 1842–44. Going on Hajj to Mecca gave him the distinction of Hajji (Albanian: Haxhi) and staying there for a year as a muhajir (Albanian: muxhavir) gave him the title Sheikh (Albanian: Sheh). He is thought to have belonged to the Naqshbandi tariqa (school) of Sufism, or perhaps less likely to the Bektashi Order.
In 1854, during a period of great privation in Shkodër, he opened the granaries of his grain speculator father, urging speculators and swindlers throughout the community to do the same. By ending the famine, he earned a song of praise: "Rroftë e qoftë Hasan Alia / sekretar Filip Çurçia" (“Long live Hasan Alia / secretary Filip Çurçia," the latter his Catholic clerk). Afterwards, he went into exile around the Mediterranean, including Venice, France, Spain, and Egypt. Muhammad Ali's family is said to have urged Shamia's pardon for the thefts and vandalism in 1864. On his return to Shkodër, he married a woman from the family of Oso Kuka and had a son and a daughter with her, settling down in the Karahase neighborhood where he preached at the local mosque. At his office at the Shkodër Bazaar, he provided expertise on theology and fiqh (Islamic jurisprudence) while selling traditional herbal medicine.
He reformed some customs of local Muslims as the first imam to preach in the Albanian language, despite the opposition of the authorities. On his death in 1891, he was buried in the grounds of the mosque he served.
# Home Council of Ministers

Council of Ministers at Home (Polish: Krajowa Rada Ministrów) was a part of the Polish Government in Exile residing in occupied Poland. It was the top executive of the Polish Underground State, created on 26 July 1944 from the Government Delegation for Poland. It was led by Polish deputy prime minister, Jan Stanisław Jankowski, and divided into departments representative of pre-war Polish ministries and other offices. Most of its members, including Jankowski, were arrested on 27 March 1945 by NKVD and sentenced in the Trial of the Sixteen. The remaining leaders of the Underground State decided not to recreate the Council.
* This Polish history–related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# Puclice

Puclice is a municipality and village in Domažlice District in the Plzeň Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 400 inhabitants.
Puclice lies approximately 15 kilometres (9 mi) north-east of Domažlice, 34 km (21 mi) south-west of Plzeň, and 117 km (73 mi) south-west of Prague.

## Administrative division

Puclice consists of three municipal parts (in brackets population according to the 2021 census):
* Puclice (253)
* Doubrava (47)
* Malý Malahov (60)
# Marforio

Marphurius or Marforio (Italian: Marforio; Medieval Latin: Marphurius, Marforius) is one of the talking statues of Rome. Marforio maintained a friendly rivalry with his most prominent rival, Pasquin. As at the other five "talking statues", pasquinades—irreverent satires poking fun at public figures—were posted beside Marforio in the 16th and 17th centuries.

## The statue and its location

Marforio is a large 1st century Roman marble sculpture of a reclining bearded river god or Oceanus, which in the past has been variously identified as a depiction of Jupiter, Neptune, or the Tiber. It was the humanist and antiquarian Andrea Fulvio who first identified it as a river god, in 1527. The Marfoi was a landmark in Rome from the late 12th century. Poggio Bracciolini wrote of it as one of the sculptures surviving from Antiquity, and in the early 16th century it was still near the Arch of Septimius Severus, where the various authors reported it.
The origin of its name is a matter of some debate. It was discovered with a granite basin bearing the inscription mare in foro, but may take its name from the Latin name for the area in which it was discovered (Martis Forum), or from the Marioli (or Marfuoli) family who owned property near the Mamertine Prison, also near the forum, where the statue was sat until 1588.
Pope Sixtus V had the statue moved to the Piazza San Marco, (in Rome) in 1588, and then to the piazza del Campidoglio in 1592, where it decorates a fountain designed by Giacomo della Porta on a wall of the Basilica di Santa Maria in Ara Coeli, facing the Palazzo dei Conservatori. Part of the face, the right foot, and the left hand holding a shell were restored in 1594. In 1645, the building of the Palazzo Nuovo enclosed the fountain in its courtyard.