OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Friedrich Karl von Tettenborn

Friedrich Karl Freiherr von Tettenborn (19 February 1778, in County of Sponheim – 9 December 1845, in Vienna) was a famous cavalry commander in the Austrian and Russian armies during the Napoleonic Wars.

## Life

Tettenborn first studied at the Waltershausen Forstwissenschaft and then at the Universities of Göttingen and Jena. In 1794 he joined the Austrian military and quickly rose to captain during the French Revolutionary Wars and Napoleonic Wars. In the Austro-French war he was in 1805 in the army under Mack, which dispersed after raising the siege of Ulm. At the battle of Wagram (1809), he rose to the rank of major. After the Treaty of Schönbrunn he accompanied prince Schwarzenberg to Paris.
At the outbreak of the Russian war of 1812, he entered the Russian army as a lieutenant colonel. At the head of Kutuzov's vanguard, he was again the first to engage at Moscow, pursuing the French as far as the Beresina at the head of the light cavalry, raising the siege of Vilnius, going beyond the Neman River, chasing MacDonald through East Prussia and occupying Königsberg.
Appointed oberst, he crossed the Vistula and Oder, joined up with general Tschernischew in Landsberg and then moved on Berlin. From there, he was dispatched to Hamburg, occupying it on 18 March 1813 after throwing back Morand at Bergedorf on the left bank of the Elbufer. Yet he had to leave the city to the advancing Davout on 30 May. His actions in Hamburg are judged critically. Fahl writes of von Tettenborn at this era "he observed Hamburg as a favourable location to enrich itself and to lead a straying life. He strove less for an earnest defence of the city than for collecting of an honorary award of 5,000 Friedriches d'or and for his appointment as an honorary citizen he was also the first honorary citizen of Hamburg."
He then fought under Wallmoden against Davout and against Pécheux, after whose defeat he took Bremen on 15 October. In January 1814 he was delegated to use a single corps of light cavalry to maintain communications between the many separate Allied armies operating in France.
After the peace, he withdrew to his estates, and in 1818 he left the service of Russia to join that of Baden. Here he resolved the territorial differences between Baden and Bayern and was active in the foundation of the constitution. In 1819 he went to Vienna as an envoy, where he died on 9 December 1845.
# Communist Mazdoor Kissan Party

The Communist Mazdoor Kissan Party (Urdu: کمیونسٹ مزدور کسان پارٹی, lit. 'Communist Workers and Peasants Party') was a minor political party in Pakistan formed in 1995 by the unification of the Communist Party of Pakistan (CPP) and the Major Ishaque faction of the Mazdoor Kisan Party (MKP).
In 2015, it merged with the Pakistan Mazdoor Kissan Party, forming the current Mazdoor Kisan Party which is headed by Afzal Khamosh.

## History

The break-up of the Soviet Union had an enormous impact on the left in Pakistan, as elsewhere in the world. A great number of factions abandoned Marxism and the Communist movement. At this difficult juncture in history the CPP and Major Ishaque's MKP group (one of three factions resulting from a split in the MKP in 1978) came together to engage in criticism and self-criticism and form the Communist Mazdoor Kissan Party in 1995.
In 1999, much of the former Communist Party of Pakistan broke away and reconstituted itself as a separate party.
In 2003, after further organizational problems and ideological disagreements, a large section of the Communist Mazdoor Kissan Party separated and reformed the Major Ishaque MKP group, whereas a group led by Sufi Abdul Khaliq Baloch and Taimur Rahman remained aligned with CMKP and its Marxist–Leninist program.
In late 2009, CMKP faced yet another split when several long-time members, including Sufi Abdul Khaliq Baloch, separated from the party and joined the Workers Party of Pakistan, a broad-left political party. CMKP continued as a distinct Marxist–Leninist-Stalinist Party. Taimur Rahman, the former General Secretary of the CMKP, stopped working with and being a part of CMKP. Instead, the party was led by central committee member Mehfoz Khan Shujaat from Multan, with Hkmat Shaw from Hashtnagar as party president.
On 14 February 2015, it merged with Peoples National Congress to form Peoples Mazdoor Kissan Party.
On 20 December 2015, Peoples Mazdoor Kissan Party merged with Pakistan Mazdoor Kissan Party forming a new party named Mazdoor Kissan Party.

## Politics and influence

The party's politics were based on Major Ishaq's philosophy, and were focused on working with the peasantry of Pakistan. It arranged study circles regularly throughout the country and had an official circular named Awami Morcha, which was edited by Mehfoz Khan Shujaat and published regularly.
CMKP saw the China–Pakistan Economic Corridor as a neocolonization of Pakistan and believed it would damage the people of Pakistan.
# Edward Sibbert

Edward F. Sibbert (July 1, 1889 – 1982) was a Brooklyn-born American architect. He is best remembered for the fifty or so retail stores he designed during a 25-year career as the head architect at the S. H. Kress & Co. chain of five-and-dimes. His tenure at Kress coincided roughly with the company's peak years of success, and many of his Art Deco-style buildings have survived beyond the chain's 1980 demise and are in use today in other purposes.

## Early years

Sibbert's architectural education began at the Pratt Institute (1919–20) where he studied structural engineering. This was followed by work at Cornell University (1921–22) in its architectural program, where he was tapped into the New York Alpha chapter of the Phi Kappa Psi fraternity, known for its artists and architects. Through that organization, he was a member of the Irving Literary Society. Following the end of his formal education he worked as a draftsman for W.T. Grant and Company, a dime store retail organization.
In 1924 Sibbert, along with Cornell classmate and fraternity brother Russell Pancoast, moved to Miami where Pancoast's grandfather John S. Collins was developing Miami Beach. It was an exciting time and the right place for an aspiring young architect: the great Florida land boom of the 1920s was in full swing, with some properties being bought and sold several times in one day. Then just when the bubble showed signs of imploding anyway, a serious hurricane in 1926 helped things along and all but ended the Miami building boom. So Sibbert and his wife Bertha left Florida and returned to Brooklyn, where he signed on as an architect for E. H. Faile.

## Architect for Kress

In 1929 Sibbert answered an advertisement in a newspaper and was hired by the S. H. Kress company. Samuel H. Kress was in the process of dismissing his head architect, George Mackay and it is possible that Sibbert worked with MacKay in designing the store for Pueblo, Colorado. Sibbert continued as Kress's chief architect for 25 years, designing chain stores across the United States in a consistent format and style, recognizable by its use of ornamental terra cotta.
Sibbert was a member of the American Institute of Architects and American Society of Civil Engineers as well as being a member of the Salmagundi Club in New York. He retired to Pompano Beach, Florida, after living for many years in New York City. Sibbert died in Pompano Beach on May 13, 1982.
# Sanba station

Sanba (Chinese: 三坝) is a metro station on Line 2 and Line 5 of the Hangzhou Metro in China. It is located in the Xihu District of Hangzhou.
# The Wombles (1997 TV series)

The Wombles is an animated series for children transmitted in 1997 and 1998, based on the 1973 series created by Elisabeth Beresford. The Wombles had remained popular with children into the 1980s. After FilmFair was acquired by the Canadian company Cinar Films in 1996, a new series of episodes was made, with three new Womble characters. The series is a co-production with Cinar and United Film & Television Productions/HTV Wales, in association with FilmFair Limited and ITV. 52 episodes were produced.
# Jenny McDonald

Jennifer Enid McDonald (née Bint; born 18 July 1949 in Whangārei) is a retired field hockey player from New Zealand, who captained the national team that finished sixth at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles.
Born Jennifer Enid Bint, McDonald grew up in the farming locality of Maungakaramea, in Northland. She studied teaching in Auckland, then taught at the primary school in Outram, near Dunedin, where she met her future husband, Rex McDonald.
McDonald played 192 matches for the national hockey team from 1971 to 1985, including 94 tests, and captained the team from 1980 to 1985. She was the only New Zealander selected in a World XI that played the world champion Netherlands in a one-off encounter in Scotland in 1980. She retired from hockey at 53 after breaking her wrist. Later, she became President of the Otago Hockey Association, then chair of Southern Regional Hockey.
In 1996, McDonald was inducted into the New Zealand Sports Hall of Fame. The annual national schoolgirls' hockey tournament is played for the Jenny McDonald Cup. She was awarded life membership of the New Zealand Hockey Federation in 2002.
McDonald retired from teaching in 2014 after being principal of Elmgrove School in Mosgiel, Otago, for 10 years.
# Ronald Lake

Ronald Dewé Lake (9 May 1891 – 28 July 1950) was an English cricketer active in 1922 who played for Northamptonshire (Northants). He was born in Bury St Edmunds and died in Winkton, Hampshire. He appeared in two first-class matches as a righthanded batsman who scored 48 runs with a highest score of 30.
# Łoniewo, Greater Poland Voivodeship

Łoniewo is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Osieczna, within Leszno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. It lies approximately 3 kilometres (2 mi) south of Osieczna, 9 km (6 mi) north-east of Leszno, and 60 km (37 mi) south of the regional capital Poznań.
# Horsepen Creek (Little Nottoway River tributary)

Horsepen Creek is a 6.56 mi (10.56 km) long tributary to the Little Nottoway River in the United States state of Virginia. Located in the south-central part of the state, it is part of the larger Chowan-Albemarle drainage. The watershed is 66% forested and 32% agricultural with the rest of land as other uses.

## Course

Horsepen Creek rises about 0.1 miles east of Winnie, Virginia on the Nottoway River divide in Nottoway County. The creek then flows southeast and east through Lake Amtoco to meet the Little Nottoway River about 2 miles southwest of Blackstone.

## Watershed

Horsepen Creek drains 7.17 square miles (18.6 km$^2$) of area, receives about 45.6 in/year of precipitation, has a topographic wetness index of 404.31 and is about 76% forested.
# 2009 East Timorese local elections

Local elections were held in East Timor on 9 October 2009 to elect for Village Chiefs (Chefe do Suco) and delegates for Village Councils (Conselho do Suco) in 442 sucos (villages). It included the election of Hamlet Chiefs (Chefe do Aldeia) in aldeias (communities). Elected officials will serve a six-year term.
On 13 October 2009, although no official parties participated in the election as electoral laws prohibited candidates from representing any political parties, Fretilin claimed victory in the said election saying that they "picked up 56% of positions with another 10% of positions being taken by FRETILIN and allied party shared tickets. In Dili FRETILIN won 60% of the Suco leadership positions."
# Anthony Crastus

Anthony Crastus (born 7 April 1985, in Paris) is a French horse racing jockey. He competes in flat racing mainly in France, having won several group races there, but has also ridden and won in the United States, Germany, Japan, India or Switzerland during his career. Crastus used to be retained rider for Wildenstein Stables, riding horses trained by Élie Lellouche such as Planteur. His best position in French flat racing championships was 7th in 2018 with 87 race wins, the most for a single season in his career. He has won over 900 races worldwide.
His father Antoine was a harness racing jockey.
# Eleanor Hunt

Eleanor Hunt (January 10, 1910 – June 12, 1981) was an American film actress. She starred opposite John Wayne in the 1934 film Blue Steel.

## Personal life

She was married to actor Rex Lease for "a few months" before their September 1931 divorce and to Dr. Frank G. Nolan from November 1933 until June 14, 1935. She later married George Hirliman, with whom she adopted a daughter, Georgelle, as an infant.

## Filmography

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 1930 | Whoopee! | Sally Morgan | |
| 1931 | Goldie | Russian Girl | |
| 1931 | Good Sport | Party Girl | |
| 1932 | Tess of the Storm Country | One of the Longman Sisters | Uncredited |
| 1934 | I Hate Women | Tillie | |
| 1934 | Blue Steel | Betty Mason | |
| 1934 | Wake Up and Dream | Chorus Girl | Uncredited |
| 1934 | The Merry Widow | Maxim Girl | Uncredited |
| 1935 | Northern Frontier | Beth Braden | |
| 1936 | Go-Get-'Em, Haines | Gloria Palmer | |
| 1936 | Yellow Cargo | Bobbie Reynolds | |
| 1936 | We're in the Legion Now! | Honey Evans | |
| 1937 | Navy Spy | Bobbie Reynolds | |
| 1937 | The Gold Racket | Bobbie Reynolds | |
| 1937 | Bank Alarm | Bobbie Reynolds | |
| 1940 | Stolen Paradise | Patricia Morrow | |
# Philip Kaplan

Philip J. "Pud" Kaplan (born October 30, 1975) is an American entrepreneur and computer programmer who has founded several Internet companies.
He created the Fucked Company website in May 2000 and wrote the corresponding book F'd Companies (ISBN 0743228626) in 2002.
He has subsequently created other websites and web-based ventures, including the online advertising market site AdBrite, which he founded in 2004. In June 2009, Kaplan joined Charles River Ventures as an Entrepreneur In Residence.
In July 2011, Kaplan formed ADHD Labs, an incubator for web and iPhone apps. ADHD Labs' company, TinyLetter, was acquired by MailChimp in August 2011. Kaplan later founded Fandalism, a social networking website for musicians in January 2012, which was renamed to DistroKid over a year later in mid 2013 when the service expanded to offer the digital distribution of music.
Kaplan obtained his Bachelor of Science in 1997 from the Syracuse University School of Information Studies and delivered the convocation address at the Class of 2014 graduation ceremony.
In 2024, Kaplan gained recognition for building novelty headphones, including pairs with large Helmholtz resonators, dumbbells, and wine corks. His posts went viral on Reddit, and he showcased the headphones at conventions.
Kaplan is also a drummer, performing in the band Butchers of the Final Frontier.
He currently resides in San Francisco, California.
# Lelio Biscia

Lelio Biscia (15 June 1575 – 19 November 1638) was an Italian Catholic cardinal.

## Early life

Biscia was born on 15 June 1575 in Rome, the second son of Bernardino Biscia and Vittoria Scapucci. Biscia's father was a minor noble and a consistorial lawyer. Biscia followed his father and received legal education before becoming a consistorial lawyer himself at the age of 20.

## Ecclesiastic career

He became a referendary of the Tribunals of the Apostolic Signature of Justice and of Grace and in 1600 he purchased a position as cleric to the Apostolic Chamber. He was appointed governor of Civitavecchia for a year, between 1605 and 1606 and then again between 1609 and 1610. Soon after he was appointed dean of the Apostolic Chamber.
Biscia was known as a great collector of books and manuscripts. In 1622, he employed theologian Leo Allatius to curate his personal library, considered to have been one of the most extensive of its day. Allatius later became Vatican librarian. He was also a patron of mathematician and scientist Benedetto Castelli.

## Cardinalate

Biscia was elevated to cardinal by Pope Urban VIII on 19 January 1626 and was appointed cardinal-deacon of the church of Santi Vito, Modesto e Crescenzia the following month.
In 1633 he was appointed cardinal-deacon of the church of Santa Maria in Cosmedin and then in 1637 he was appointed cardinal-priest of Santa Maria del Popolo.
He died in Rome on 19 November 1638 after a week spent suffering severe erysipelas.
# Łopuchowo, Greater Poland Voivodeship

Łopuchowo is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Murowana Goślina, within Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. It is approximately 8 kilometres (5 mi) north-east of Murowana Goślina, and 28 km (17 mi) north-east of Poznań (the regional capital). The village lies on the main road and railway line between Poznań and Wągrowiec.
Łopuchowo has a small primary school, a chapel, a local league football club and a railway station. It is served by buses and trains running between Poznań and Wągrowiec. There is also a small manor house in the village, built in 1780, currently in a state of disrepair.
# Hot Brook

Hot Brook is a stream in the U.S. state of South Dakota.
Hot Brook is fed by a hot spring, hence the name.
# Cristobal Ramas

Cristobal Ramas (born February 15, 1935, in Cebu City, Cebu) is a Filipino former basketball player who competed in the 1960 Summer Olympics.
The 6-4 Ramas is one of the tallest cagers that ever donned the Philippine uniform in international competitions. Aside from the 1960 Rome Olympics, Ramas also saw action in the 1962 Asian Games in Jakarta. He is a product of the University of the Visayas in Cebu City.
After playing for UV in the Cebu Collegiate Athletic Association, He took up commerce at University of Santo Tomas and played with the Glowing Goldies in the UAAP tournament from 1957 to 1959 and then went back to Cebu and got his commerce degree at Colegio de San Jose.
Ramas' height and bulk impressed Lauro Mumar who took him to play for the Seven-Up Marauders in 1960. He played for Seven-Up for only seven months after which he transferred to MICAA champion Ysmael Steel. He was with the Admirals for four years. Crispa recruited Ramas in 1963 and he was with the Redmanizers until 1965 before he stopped playing upon being employed at the Philippine National Bank.
# Jean de Mas Latrie

Jean de Mas Latrie (23 November 1879 – 5 September 1914) was a French fencer and modern pentathlete. He competed in the individual sabre event at the 1908 Summer Olympics and the modern pentathlon at the 1912 Summer Olympics where he was undefeated in fencing until losing to future U.S. general George S. Patton who was also competing in these events, Patton was the only man Jean lost to in said event. He was killed in action during World War I.
# Cerro Chato

Cerro Chato (locally, Plain Hill) is a town in central Uruguay that is divided in three parts belonging to Durazno Department, Florida Department, and Treinta y Tres Department.

## Geography

The town is located along Route 7, northeast by road from Valentines and southwest of Santa Clara de Olimar. It is located close to the source of the Yí River.

## History

The town was founded based on extensive livestock farming in the area. In the 19th century, the area of Cerro Chato was a point of passage for postilions, stagecoaches and troops of cattle destined for other regions of Uruguay. In 1908, the national railroad reached the town, which turned it into a point from where cattle could be transported nationwide.
On 8 January 1942, Cerro Chato was declared a "Pueblo" (village) by the Act of Ley Nº 10.112. Its status was elevated to "Villa" (town) by the Act of Ley Nº 13.299 on 17 November 1964.

### Plebiscite of Cerro Chato of 1927

In 1927, a non-binding plebiscite took place in Cerro Chato to decide to which department it would belong: Durazno, Florida or Treinta y Tres. For this referendum, every citizen of the town was called to vote, including women. That was the first time in Latin America that women exercised the right to vote. The Department of Durazno won the plebiscite, but this result was not accepted by the authorities. Therefore, Cerro Chato still is split between the three departments.

## Population

According to the 2011 census, Cerro Chato had a total population of 3,227; 1,694 lived in Trenta y Tres, 1,124 lived in Durazno and 409 lived in Florida.
| Year | Population |
| 1963 | 2,513 |
| 1975 | 2,582 |
| 1985 | 2,459 |
| 1996 | 2,945 |
| 2004 | 3,278 |
| 2011 | 3,227 |
Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística de Uruguay

## Economy

The main economic activity of the town is cattle and sheep production due to the quality fields in the area.
The town was to give host to the controversial Aratirí iron mining project which would have produced 18 million tons of iron per year. However, the project was cancelled in 2016 after widespread ridicule over its impact to local farms.

## Places of worship

* Sacred Heart of Jesus Parish Church (Roman Catholic)
# Soil in Turkey

The main types of soil in Turkey are calcisols, cambisols and leptosols, and fluvisols.
By the mid-20th century erosion had reduced the amount of arable land, but the government is combating desertification and erosion in various ways. However, soil erosion is forecast to increase with climate change, with about 30% occurring on agricultural land. Degraded soil could be improved.$^{:11}$Soil surveys have been done at least since the 1950s, and the Ministry of Agriculture has published soil maps.
The Turkish Foundation for Combating Soil Erosion is a non-governmental organization as is the Soil Science Society of Turkey. A 2016 study said soil had been degraded and that there was great potential to sequester carbon. There is a public soil database. Increasing soil organic carbon (SOC) in agricultural soils is important, and in 2017 total SOC down to 0.7 m was estimated at 9.23 Pg. Another estimate is slightly under 3000 tonnes/km$^2$. Accumulation of soil organic matter depends partly on cultivation but can be hindered by aridity.
# Huasna River

The Huasna River is a stream in the Central Coast region of California, and is a tributary of the Cuyama River. It is formed by the confluence of Trout Creek and Stony Creek, which originate along the crest of the Santa Lucia Range in the Los Padres National Forest. It flows south, past the community of Huasna and the Huasna Valley before reaching Twitchell Reservoir, which is created by a dam along the Cuyama River.
Like most other streams in this part of California, the Huasna River is usually dry, with significant flows only during the winter and early spring. During rare high water levels of Twitchell Reservoir, the lower part of the Huasna Valley may be flooded.
# 1990 Maranhão gubernatorial election

The Maranhão gubernatorial election of 1990 was held in the Brazilian state of Maranhão on October 3, alongside Brazil's general elections, with a second round on November 25. PFL candidate, Edison Lobão, was elected on November 25, 1990.

## Candidates

| Governor | Running mate | Number | Coalition | Votes | % |
| João Castelo PRN | Ildon Marques PMDB | 36 | PRN, PMDB, PSDB, PSD, PDC, PDS, PL | 595.392 | 45,75 |
| Edison Lobão PFL | Ribamar Fiquene PFL | 25 | PFL, PSC, PTB, PRP | 459.542 | 35,31 |
| Conceição Andrade PSB | Neudson Claudino PT | 40 | PSB, PT, PDT, PCdoB, PCB | 246.468 | 18,94 |
| Governor | Running mate | Number | Coalition | Votes | % |
| Edison Lobão PFL | Ribamar Fiquene PFL | 25 | PFL, PSC, PTB, PRP, PCdoB, PCB, PT, PSB | 695.727 | 56,92 |
| João Castelo PRN | Ney Bello PMDB | 36 | PRN, PMDB, PSDB, PSD, PDS, PDC, PTR, PL, PDT, PMN, PCN, PRONA, PTdoB | 594.620 | 43,08 |
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