OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Radio Romance (song)

"Radio Romance" is a song by American recording artist Tiffany, recorded for her second studio album Hold an Old Friend's Hand (1988). The track was written by John Duarte and Mark Paul and produced by her manager George Tobin. A teen pop song, it was first released on October 31, 1988 in the United Kingdom as the lead single from the album. In the United States, the song was released to radio in February 1989 as the second single from the album following "All This Time".
The track became a decent hit for Tiffany, hitting number 13 on the UK Singles Chart and number 35 on the US Billboard Hot 100, where it is to date her last single to chart. To promote the track in America, Tiffany performed it on the Mickey Mouse Club and The Arsenio Hall Show.

## Critical reception

Pan-European magazine Music & Media said the song resembled Spector's "Be My Baby". Billboard gave the song a negative review saying, "Inexcusably boring and one-dimensional hi-NRG from an artist who should be utilizing her popularity by trying material a bit more challenging. One sugar too many." While reviewing the album, RPM said the song would please disco listeners.

## Music video

The music video for "Radio Romance" shows Tiffany as a waitress in a diner who calls the radio request line often to request a song for her secret crush. The problem is that he is holding hands with her best friend. Later in the video, Tiffany dances with others in what looks like a dream sequence. As the video progresses, a child appears with a magic wand.

## Track listings and formats

European and Australian 7-inch single
* "Radio Romance" – 4:01
* "Can't Stop a Heartbeat" – 4:45
Japanese 7-inch and mini-CD single
* "Radio Romance" – 4:03
* "Gotta Be Love" – 4:19
UK and German mini-CD single
* "Radio Romance" (7" Version) – 4:01
* "Can't Stop a Heartbeat" – 4:45
* "Radio Romance" (Dance Mix/12" Version) – 6:56
US and Canadian 7-inch and cassette single
* "Radio Romance" – 4:04
* "I'll Be the Girl" – 4:26

## Personnel

Taken from the Hold an Old Friend's Hand booklet.
* John Duarte – keyboards, drum programming, arrangement
* Richard Elliot – sax and solo
* Julia Waters and Maxine Waters – background vocals
# Kazakhstan–Palestine relations

Kazakhstan–Palestine relations are the bilateral relations between Kazakhstan and Palestine. Diplomatic relations were established on 6 April 1992. Both countries are members of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation. Palestine has an embassy in the capital Astana, while Kazakhstan is represented in Palestine by its embassy in Amman, Jordan.

## History

PLO chairman Yasser Arafat first visited Kazakhstan in December 1991.
# Gourdou-Leseurre GL-832 HY

The Gourdou-Leseurre GL-832 HY was a 1930s French light shipboard reconnaissance floatplane designed and built by Gourdou-Leseurre for the French Navy.

## Development

In 1930 the French Navy issued a requirement for a light coastal patrol seaplane mainly for use in the French colonies. Gourdou-Leseurre built and designed a prototype GL-831 HY which was a modification of the companies earlier GL-830 HY with a smaller Hispano-Suiza radial engine. The GL-831 HY first flew on 23 December 1931. In 1933 the French Navy ordered 22 aircraft designated GL-832 HY, this had a less powerful engine than the prototype. The GL-832 HY was a metal construction low-wing monoplane with fabric covered wings and twin floats. The aircraft had a large wing to take the stresses of a catapult launch, the wings also folded to allow stowage on board a ship. Unusually the braced-horizontal tailplane was attached to the underside of the rear fuselage. Two open cockpits in tandem were provided for the two crew, each cockpit having a windscreen. The first production aircraft flew on 17 December 1934 and the last on 12 February 1936.

## Operational history

The French Navy used the GL-832 HY on second-line cruisers like the Emile Bertin and Primauguet and on smaller colonial sloops. The smaller sloops did not have a catapult and the aircraft were lowered into the sea using a crane. The aircraft were still operational at the start of the Second World War and were not retired until 1941.

## Variants
### GL-830 HY

    Prototype with one 350hp (261 kW) Hispano-Suiza 9Qdr radial engine, one built.

### GL-831 HY

    Prototype with one 250 hp (186 kW) Hispano-Suiza 9Qa radial engine, one built.

### GL-832 HY

    Production version with one 230 hp (171 kW) Hispano-Suiza 9Qb radial engine, 22 built.

## Operators
### France

* French Navy

## Specifications (GL-832 HY)

Data from The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Aircraft (Part Work 1982–1985), 1985, Orbis Publishing, Page 1994
General characteristics
* Crew: Two
* Length: 8.74 m (28 ft 8 in)
* Wingspan: 13 m (42 ft 7.75 in)
* Height: 3.48 m (11 ft 5 in)
* Wing area: 29.50 m$^2$ (317.55 sq ft)
* Empty weight: 1,108 kg (2,443 lb)
* Gross weight: 1,696 kg (3,739 lb)
* Powerplant: 1 × Hispano-Suiza 9Qb 9-cylinder radial piston engine , 172 kW (230 hp)
Performance
* Maximum speed: 196 km/h (122 mph, 106 kn)
* Range: 590 km (367 mi, 319 nmi)
* Service ceiling: 5,000 m (16,405 ft)
Armament
* 1x 7.7mm (0.303 in) Vickers machine-gun on a flexible-mounting
# Drew Kaser

Andrew James Kaser (born February 11, 1993) is an American former professional football player who was a punter in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Texas A&M Aggies, twice earning All-American honors. He was selected by the San Diego Chargers in the sixth round of the 2016 NFL draft.

## College career

In Kaser's first season with the Texas A&M Aggies, he played in only one game, punting twice. Kaser was then redshirted the next year and returned to the field the following year.
As a redshirt sophomore in 2013, Kaser was a finalist for the Ray Guy Award, given annually to the best collegiate punter. Kaser was also named 2013 Sporting News All-American and first-team All-Southeastern Conference (SEC) punter. He led the SEC with an average punt at 47.4 yards, breaking the old school record of 47.0 yards held by Shane Lechler. Kaser kicked his longest punt of the season for 76 yards against Rice University. Kaser would later be named special teams MVP at the Aggies annual banquet.
In 2014, his junior year, Kaser was ranked No. 11 in the nation and No. 3 in the SEC, averaging 44.5 yards a punt on 56 punts, with 15 punts over 50 yards. Kaser also earned National Punter of the Week after averaging 54.7 yards on three punts in A&M's victory over Auburn. Kaser had a career-high four punts downed inside the opponent 20-yard line against Mississippi State and Louisiana-Monroe.

## Professional career
### San Diego / Los Angeles Chargers

The San Diego Chargers selected Kaser in the sixth round (179th overall) of the 2016 NFL draft.
On October 2, 2018, Kaser was waived by the Chargers after the team signed Donnie Jones.

### Green Bay Packers (first stint)

On November 3, 2018, Kaser was signed by the Green Bay Packers as an emergency option in case J. K. Scott needed to leave for the birth of his first child. The Packers then released Kaser on November 5 to make room on the roster for Ibraheim Campbell.

### Oakland Raiders

On January 1, 2019, Kaser signed a reserve/future contract with the Oakland Raiders. He was released on May 6, 2019.

### Green Bay Packers (second stint)

On November 21, 2020, Kaser was signed to the Packers active roster, and was waived two days later.

### San Francisco 49ers

On January 2, 2021, Kaser was signed to the practice squad of the San Francisco 49ers. He was released two days later.
# Gerhardus Liebenberg

Gerhardus Frederick Johannes Liebenberg (born 7 April 1972) is a South African cricketer who played in five Test matches and four One Day Internationals from 1995 to 1998. He was dropped from South Africa's Test squad, after poor performances during the tour to England in 1998.
# Propose Day

Propose Day is celebrated in India on 8 February as a day to propose to one's significant other. A large number of young people give roses to propose to their prospective girlfriend or boyfriend. It is the second day in Valentine's Week. Although Valentine's Day is celebrated across whole world, Valentine's Week is something celebrated in India only. This week marks various festivities across India including Rose Day on the 7th.
# Operation Dezful

Operation Dezful was fought in early stage of the Iran–Iraq War on 15 October 1980 as Iranian tank brigades from the 16th Qazvin, 77th Khorasan, and 92nd Khuzestan armoured divisions attacked Iraqi positions. The Iranian Army's aim was to stop Iraqis progress in Iranian territories and to push them back. However, Iraqi forces counterattacked from the flanks, and repulsed the Iranian forces. The Iranian failure was blamed on poor decision making, the purge of army commanders due to their participation in Nojeh coup plot, and underestimating fire power of Iraqi forces and they were forced to retreat to the eastern shores of Dez River west of Dezful.

## Repelling an Iranian counterattack in the Dezful sector

After the first week of fighting the Iraqis found themselves a number of kilometers from the city of Dezful, which served as an important logistics center for the Iranian forces in Khuzestan Province and was also a key industrial area. For this reason, extensive fortifications had been built around it in the period of the Shah's rule. The Iraqis avoided entering the city and settled for artillery fire aimed at important local infrastructure. The Iranians on their part did not sit idly by, and within a short space of time managed to organize their forces in the sector. They mounted a counterattack on 14–16 October on the northern flank of the Iraqi 10th Division by an armored brigade of the Iranian 92nd Division (about 100 tanks) and an infantry brigade reinforced by the Revolutionary Guards (3000-4000 soldiers and volunteers), with the aim of forcing the Iraqis to withdraw form the sector.
The Iraqi 42nd Armored Brigade, against which the counterattack was directed, withdrew in an organized fashion to the territory which it had full control over, and from there concentrated its fire on the killing area that the Iranians had entered. In addition, the Iraqis sent in a force of the 24th Mechanized Brigade equipped with BMP-1 AFVs armed with A/T Sagger missiles which did much damage to the Iranian armored force at a close range of 100–150 meters.
The Iranian attack, which had figured prominently in deliberations being held in the Iranian parliament in Tehran concerning the direction of the war, ended in a resounding defeat, causing the Iranians to abandon 136 armored combat vehicles, including 84 tanks, on the battlefield. This was one of the most important armored battles fought in that sector since the outbreak of the war.
# Hyster

Hyster is an American manufacturing company specializing in forklifts and other materials-handling equipment. Hyster was founded in 1929 as the Willamette-Ersted Company in Portland, Oregon. The company was purchased in 1989 by NACCO Industries, Inc. and became a part of NACCO Materials Handling Group. NACCO spun off the materials handling business in 2012 as Hyster-Yale Materials Handling, Inc., which continues to market products under the Hyster brand name.
The name "Hyster" was allegedly derived from a term commonly used by logging workers in the Pacific Northwest at the end of the 19th century. When a load of lumber was ready to be transported, a logger would yell "hoist 'er". According to the Hyster Company web page, this term became synonymous with Hyster trucks.
Distribution and support for Hyster products is organized around major world regions: North America; Latin America; Europe, the Middle East and Africa; Asia – Pacific. Hyster also manufactured a successful line of compaction machinery and road-rollers, including machines for earth compaction, garbage compaction and asphalt compaction. Through the 1960s and 1970s Hyster was a major force in these types of machinery in America and they produced a wide range of models with many successful design concepts. Hyster was eventually absorbed into Bomag America/Compaction America (now known as HYPAC) and some models including a small articulated rubber tire roller sold under the Hypac name is an original descendant of the Hyster machine.
Hyster also made a successful line of logging winches and compactor attachments, both of which could be attached to other manufacturers' machines including Caterpillar. The Hyster name has been associated with forklift trucks for many decades, however, Hyster was also prominent manufacturer of compaction equipment. From the 1950s through the 1980s they had a comprehensive and well-regarded line of products. Along with the Raygo company these two manufacturers were perhaps the best known in the US, until European and other brands became common.
Hyster's home office was in Portland, Oregon, but they also had manufacturing plants in Berea, Danville, Peoria and Kewanee Illinois, the Netherlands, China, Australia, Brazil, Canada, Craigavon Northern Ireland and South Africa, and a specialist engineering department in Irvine, Scotland.
# Operation Polecharge

Operation Polecharge was an offensive undertaken by United Nations Command (UN) forces during the Korean War between 15–19 October 1951, following on from the successful Operation Commando which established the Jamestown Line.

## Background

Operation Commando involved five UN divisions of US I Corps; the US 1st Cavalry Division, the US 3rd, US 25th Infantry Division, the Republic of Korea Army (ROK) 1st Division and the 1st Commonwealth Division. The operation was intended to form a line of defense just north of the 38th Parallel and ended on 15 October 1951, having successfully established the Jamestown Line. However, a few hills south of the line remained in the hands of the Chinese People's Volunteer Army (PVA) and threatened supply lines to Seoul. Operation Polecharge was intended to seize control of these high positions.

## Operation

The 5th Cavalry Regiment of the 1st Cavalry Division, together with the Belgian Battalion attached to the 3rd Infantry Division, was tasked with the capture of Hills 346, 272 and 230. The 8th Cavalry Regiment would provide support if required.
The operation began on 15 October with the seizure of Hill 346 by the 5th Cavalry. On 18 October Hill 230 was captured after initial attacks, supported by the 8th Cavalry, were strongly rebuffed. Hill 272 was also strongly defended by the PVA but fell to UN forces on 19 October, marking the successful conclusion of Operation Polecharge.
During Operations Commando and Polecharge, the UN forces inflicted heavy losses on the PVA, in the order of 16,000 men, and forced the PVA to retreat north to their next line of defence, Yokkok-chon. The 1st Cavalry Division had suffered 2,900 casualties, including losses incurred during Operation Commando, and was withdrawn to Japan the following month.

## Aftermath

Operation Polecharge saw the Jamestown Line secure as well as the elimination of the threat posed by the PVA to the UN's supply lines to Seoul. The conclusion of Operations Commando and Polecharge also marked the beginning of the static phase of the Korean War as well as the resumption of armistice negotiations at Panmunjom.
# National Defence Academy and Naval Academy Examination

The National Defence Academy and Naval Academy Examination is an entrance examination conducted by the Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) twice a year for admissions into the National Defence Academy (NDA) and Indian Naval Academy (INA). The NDA Exam serves as a gateway for candidates seeking a career in the Indian Army, Navy, and Air Force.

## History

The NDA Exam was first conducted in the year 1954 after the NDA was established to train cadets from the Army, Navy, and Air Force together.

## Eligibility

To be eligible for the NDA Exam, candidates must meet the following criteria:
* Citizenship: Candidates must be Indian citizens.
* Age Limit: Candidates must be between 16.5 and 19.5 years of age.
* Educational Qualification: Candidates must have completed their 10+2 education from a recognized board or university.

## Examination Process

The NDA Exam is conducted in two stages: a written examination and an interview by the Services Selection Board (SSB).

### Written Examination

The written examination consists of two papers: Mathematics and General Ability Test (GAT). Both papers are objective type and are conducted on the same day. The Mathematics paper evaluates the candidates' mathematical aptitude, while the GAT paper assesses their English language proficiency, general knowledge, and reasoning abilities.

### Services Selection Board Interview

Candidates who qualify in the written examination are called for the Services Selection Board (SSB) interview. The SSB interview consists of various stages, including intelligence and personality tests, group discussions, psychological tests, and personal interviews.

### Administration

The NDA Exam is administered by the Union Public Service Commission (UPSC), which is a constitutional body responsible for recruiting personnel for various government services and posts. The UPSC ensures the fair and transparent conduct of the examination process, including the release of notifications, application acceptance, examination schedules, result declaration, and the final selection of candidates.
# Bank of Tokyo Ltd v Karoon

Bank of Tokyo Ltd v Karoon [1987] AC 45 is a conflict of laws case, which also relates to UK company law and piercing the corporate veil.

## Facts

The Bank of Tokyo was a Japanese Bank operating in London and a wholly owned subsidiary of the Bank of Tokyo Trust Co, a New York corporation. Mr Karoon, an Iranian employee of the Iranian Maritime Co had personal accounts with both banks. He left Iran and transferred his money from the New York to the London bank. In February 1980 the London bank was notified that Mr Karoon was sentenced to prison by the Iranian government, and requested his assets be sent to the Iranian government. Mr Karoon asked the bank to transfer his accounts to another bank. The bank, unsure of what to do, applied for an interpleader summons and the money was eventually paid into court. Mr Karoon sued the New York bank claiming breach of the duty of confidentiality in disclosing information to the London bank, and the London bank sought to restrain him taking proceedings in the American courts.

## Judgment

Robert Goff LJ held that it was for American law, as the forum conveniens, to determine whether the Bank of Tokyo Trust Co had committed a breach of contract, observing that it was a separate corporation from Bank of Tokyo. There were no reasons of public policy which required an injunction.
In the course of his judgment Robert Goff LJ observed,
   Counsel suggested beguilingly that it would be technical for us to distinguish between parent company and subsidiary in this context; economically, he said, they were one. But we are concerned not with economics but with law. The distinction between the two is, in law, fundamental and cannot here be abridged.
# Baden, Lower Saxony

Baden is a human settlement near Bremen, in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is known to Africanists and Phoneticians as the place where Diedrich Hermann Westermann was born and died. It is a borough of the town of Achim in Verden district.
Baden is on the train line from Hanover to Verden an der Aller to Bremen.
Baden's 1000th anniversary was celebrated in 2013.
53°00′N 9°05′E﻿ / ﻿53.000°N 9.083°E﻿ / 53.000; 9.083

## Badener Mountains

The Badener Mountains are located in Baden. The location is shaped by the Weser-Marsh to the west, and the collection of sand dunes of up to 40m high and the Badener-Moorland to the east. Until the 19th Century the area was only sparsely settled; the people lived by cultivating potatoes, breeding sheep, and working at the outlying factories in Bremen. Hans Höppner observed about 200 of the 250 types of bees in Germany in Badener Mountains from 1898 until 1900.

## Oil Camp

The Badener Oil Camp has been part of a bunker from World War I. It was erected in 1917 by Jürgen Daybridge. It served as a shipping station for raw oil, heating oil, and fuel. It was put into 14 subterranean containers; the last containers have been scrapped, however. During the Weimar Republic, the oil camp was rented to an oil company. As part of the re-militarization of Germany in preparation for the second World War, the oil camp was built up and extended (to 36 containers). Although the camp got through the war intact, it was blown up by English occupying troops in 1946. The Area remained in military use, and was made into a military practice ground for the German Federal Armed Forces in 1956, housing the Steuben-Kaserne/ Steuben-barracks, named after Friedrich Wilhelm von Steuben as well as the local practice area. It used to be home to the 11th Flugabwehrregiment (AAA-Regiment 11) until the area was disbanded completely in 2003.
# Russell Merrin

Russell Conway Merrin (born 11 May 1945) is a former New Zealand cricketer who played first-class cricket for Canterbury from 1967 to 1975.
An opening bowler, Merrin took 7 for 61 in the first innings on his first-class debut for Canterbury in 1967-68 in a match against a New Zealand XI (essentially the national team at the time without its Canterbury representatives). They remained his best first-class bowling figures.
Merrin also played Hawke Cup cricket for North Canterbury from 1964 to 1985, and was named in the Hawke Cup Team of the Century in 2011. He took 6 for 41 when North Canterbury won the title from Manawatu in January 1967.
# 2019 TF7

2019 TF$_7$ is an asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 800 meters (0.50 miles) in diameter. It was discovered on 7 October 2019 and with the orbital uncertainty still high after 4 days of observation, it had the rare chance of impacting Earth in less than 2 years on 26 June 2021. The line of variation (LOV) was 730 million km long and overlapped Earth's position. It was listed at the top of the European Space Agency risk list due to its large size and near-term threat. Precovery images from 18 September 2019 were located, extending the observation arc to 23 days, and the object was removed from the Sentry Risk Table. On 26 June 2021 the asteroid will be 4.9 AU (730 million km) from Earth.
Obsolete virtual impactor with 4-day observation arc :
| Date | Impact probability (1 in) | JPL Horizons nominal geocentric distance (AU) | uncertainty region |
| 2021-06-26 | 67 million | 4.1 AU (610 million km) | ±730 million km |

## Orbit and classification

It is a member of the Flora family (402), a giant asteroid family and the largest family of stony asteroids in the main-belt. It orbits the Sun in the inner main-belt at a distance of 1.1–3.6 AU once every 3 years and 7 months (1,317 days; semi-major axis of 2.35 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.53 and an inclination of 22° with respect to the ecliptic.
# Hinako

Hinako is a feminine Japanese given name. Notable people with the name include:

## Actors

* Hinako Saeki, Japanese actress
* Hinako Sakurai, Japanese model
* Hinako Sano, Japanese actress

## Artists and musicians

* Hinako Ashihara, Japanese manga artist
* Hinako Sugiura, Japanese manga artist
* Hinako Takagi (born 1989), Japanese composer and pianist
* Hinako Takanaga, Japanese manga artist

## Athletes

* Hinako Murakami,(born 2000), Japanese professional footballer
* Hinako Shibuno,(born 1998), Japanese golfer
* Hinako Suzuki, Japanese professional footballer
* Hinako Tomitaka, Japanese freestyle skier

## Fictional characters
### Game characters

* Hinako Shirai, protagonist of the video game Blue Reflection
* Hinako Shijou, in the game series The King of Fighters

### Anime characters

* Hinako (anime character), the protagonist in a three-part OVA series
* Hinako Kitashirakawa (anime character), Tamako Kitashirakawa's late mother in Tamako Market and Tamako Love Story
* Hinako Okita, in the anime series Little Battlers Experience WARS