OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Los Angeles Herald

The Los Angeles Herald or the Evening Herald was a newspaper published in Los Angeles in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Founded in 1873 by Charles A. Storke, the newspaper was acquired by William Randolph Hearst in 1931. It merged with the Los Angeles Express and became an evening newspaper known as the Los Angeles Herald-Express. A 1962 combination with Hearst's morning Los Angeles Examiner resulted in its final incarnation as the evening Los Angeles Herald-Examiner.

## History

Established in 1873, the Los Angeles Herald represented the largely Democratic views of the city and focused primarily on issues local to Los Angeles and Southern California. Appealing to a mostly working-class audience during its 116 years of publication, the Herald evolved from a primary focus on agriculture to reporting extensively on Hollywood gossip and local scandal, reflecting the transformation of Los Angeles itself during the twentieth century.
The Los Angeles Daily Herald was first published on October 2, 1873, by Charles A. Storke. It was the first newspaper in Southern California to use the innovative steam press; the newspaper's offices at 125 South Broadway were popular with the public because large windows on the ground floor allowed passersby to see the presses in motion.
Storke lost the paper to creditors, who together formed the Los Angeles City and County Publishing Company in 1874. The Herald continued to focus on local news, including agriculture, business, and culture.
Under the leadership of Robert M. Widney, the paper dramatically increased its circulation. Widney interviewed local farmers and business owners for his reports. The Los Angeles Weekly Herald, making use of this material, sold more than a thousand copies a week.
Beginning in 1913 and guided by Hearst-trained editors Edwin R. Collins and John B. T. Campbell, the local coverage for which the Herald was known began to emphasize scandal, crime, and the emerging motion-picture industry. By the 1920s, editors Wes Barr and James H. Richardson were so well known for their investigative reporting that they became the prototypes for the morally ambiguous, chain-smoking reporters who figured in so many film noir movies of the 1930s.
In 1922, the Herald officially joined the Hearst News empire, although several sources suggest that Hearst had secretly purchased the paper in 1911, when Collins and Campbell took the helm.
# Chicago Ballet

Chicago Opera Ballet was a Chicago dance company located in downtown Chicago.

## History

Founded in 1956, it is a Chicago dance company located in downtown Chicago. Chicago Grand Opera Company's first ballet master was Luigi Albertieri (protégé of Enrico Cecchetti). The opera became a base from which successful Chicago resident dance companies emerged. In 1922, two émigré dancers, Andreas Pavley and Serge Oukrainsky, among the opera's most illustrious early ballet masters, created Chicago's first independent ballet company, the Pavley-Oukrainsky Ballet, which toured nationally and internationally until Pavley died in 1931. In 1919, Adolph Bolm was invited by the opera to stage an original ballet. Based on a story by Oscar Wilde, Bolm's The Birthday of the Infanta had music by Chicago composer John Alden Carpenter and decor by the American designer Robert Edmond Jones. Midwest dancer Ruth Page initially starred as the Infanta. In a later presentation of this ballet a young Chicago ballerina, Betty Felsen, starred as the Infanta. Born in 1905, Betty became a principal dancer before she was twenty years old. When Pavley and Oukrainsky left the opera in 1922 to form their company, Betty joined their new company and Bolm became the Chicago Opera's ballet master. Subsequently, he helped establish Chicago's Allied Arts, considered the first ballet theater in the United States, which he directed from 1924 to 1927. Allied Arts ceased for lack of funds, but the Adolph Bolm Ballet continued. Experimentation continued in the 1930s and included a pioneering attempt by Mark Turbyfill (Chicago Opera) and his former student Katherine Dunham to organize an African American ballet company in Chicago. In 1933, Ruth Page choreographed La Guiablesse, which featured Page along with Dunham and an all-black supporting cast. Dunham, Ruth Page and Bentley Stone formed the Chicago Works Progress Administration (WPA) Dance Project and had significant success. Two important ballets emerged by Page and Stone; American Patterns (1937), the first feminist ballet, and the landmark Frankie & Johnnie.
Following the WPA, The Page-Stone Ballet was the first American ballet company to tour South America. Ruth Page became the leading force of ballet in Chicago, establishing many Chicago companies with various names: Chicago Grand Opera Company, Ravinia Opera Festival, the Lyric Opera of Chicago, Chicago Opera Ballet, Ruth Page's International Ballet and Chicago Ballet, with Ben Stevenson and Larry Long as co-artistic directors in 1974. Chicago Ballet was well known for Page's version of The Nutcracker at Chicago's Arie Crown Theater in McCormick Place. It premiered in 1965 and continued until 1997. Many international ballet stars appeared with the company during the long Nutcracker seasons.

## Historical notes

* The San Francisco Ballet is often called the first ballet company in America, probably because it never changed its name. The San Francisco Ballet was founded in 1933 as part of San Francisco Opera, while Chicago Ballet (with various names) was established in 1910 as part of Chicago Grand Opera Company.
# Rabbit River (Mississippi River tributary)

The Rabbit River is an 8.6-mile-long (13.8 km) tributary of the Mississippi River in northern Minnesota, United States. It rises at the outlet of Rabbit Lake, north of Crosby, and flows southwest through a chain of lakes past Ironton, joining the Mississippi River at the outlet of Little Rabbit Lake northwest of Riverton.
# List of rulers of Multan

This is a list of rulers of Multan from ancient times to the present.

## Emirate of Multan

* Sheikh Hamid (985–997)
* Fateh Daud (997–1010)

## Ghaznavid Empire

* Ahmad Niyaltigin (?–1034)

## Ghurid Empire

* Ali Karmakh (1175–1186)
* Amir Dad Hasan (1186–1203)
* Nasir ad-Din Qabacha (1203–1228)

## Delhi Sultanate

* Ikhtiyaruddin Qaraqash Khan Aitekin (1228–?)
* Izzudin Khan Ayaz (1236–?)
* Kabir Khan Ayaz (1240–1241)
* Tajuddin Abu Bakr Ayaz (1241–1245)
* Izzuddin Balban Kishlu Khan (1245–1249)
* Nusrat-al-Din Sher Khan Sungar (1249–1254)
* Izzuddin Balban Kishlu Khan (1254–1260)
* Muhammad bin Balban (1269–1285)
* Kay Khusrou bin Balban (1285–1287)
* Arkali Khan bin Jalal-ud-Din Khalji (1290–1296)
* Zafar Khan (1296–1299)
* Tajul Mulk Kafuri (1299–1304)
* Ghazi Malik (1304–1320; prior to becoming Sultan of Delhi)
* Kishlu Khan (1320–1327)
* Qiwam-al-Mulk Maqbul (1327–1341)
* Imad-ul-Mulk Sartez (?–1351)
* Tatar Khan (1358–1376)
* Mardan Daulat Nasir-ul-Mulk (1376–?)
* Khizr Khan (1389–1414; prior to becoming Sultan of Delhi)
* Malik Abdur Rahim (1414–1423)
* Imad-ul-Mulk Mahmud Hasan (1423–1433)
* Shaikh Yusuf Qureshi (1438–1445)

## Langah Sultanate

* Rai Sahra Langah (1445–1469)
* Husseyn Langah (1469–1502)
* Budha Khan Langah (1502–1525)

## Sur Empire

* Haibat Khan Niazi (1541–1545)

## Mughal Empire

* Kamran Mirza (1526–1537)
* Muhammad Quli Barlas (1555–1571)
* Muhib Ali (1571–?)
* Said Khan Chugtai (?–1585)
The following is a list of notable governors of Multan Subah appointed by the central Mughal government.
* Syed Hamid Bukhari (c. 1585–1587)
* Sadiq Khan (c. 1587–1590)
* Muhib Ali Khan (c. 1590–1594)
* Rustam Mirza (c. 1594–1602)
* Said Khan (c. 1602–1605)
* Mirza Ghazi Beg (c. 1605–1606)
* Tashi Beg (c. 1606–1611)
* Abdul Nabi Uzbek (1611–1613)
* Baqir Khan Najam Sani (1613–1620)
* Khan Jahan Lodi (1620–1624)
* Asaf Khan (c. 1624–1631)
* Qulij Khan Turrani (1631–1638)
* Yusuf Khan (1638–1639)
* Najabat Khan (1639–1641)
* Qulij Khan Turrani (1641–1642)
* Said Khan Bahadur (1642–1643)
* Murad Baksh (1643–1646)
* Said Khan Bahadur (1646–1647)
* Bahadur Khan Rohela (1647–1649)
* Aurangzeb (1649–1653)
* Dara Shikoh (1653–1657)
* Lashkar Khan (1658)
* Tarbiat Khan (1658–1667)
* Saif Khan (1667–1668)
* Tahir Khan (1668–1669)
* Lashkar Khan (1669–1671)
* Mubariz Khan (1671–1672)
* Khwaja Abid Khan (1672–1674
* Diler Khan (1674–1676)
* Muhammad Azam Shah (1676–1678)
* Muhammad Akbar (1678–1687)
* Mir Ashiq (1687–1695)
* Allahyar Khan (1695–1696)
* Abdus Samad Khan (1726–1737)
* Zakariya Khan (1737–1745)
* Shah Nawaz Khan (1745–1747)
* Zahid Khan (1747–1748)
* Kaura Mal (1748–1751)

## Durrani Empire

* Ali Mohammad Khakwani (1752–1767)
* Shuja Khan (1767–1772)
* Nawab Muzaffar Khan (1780–1818)

## Bhangi Misl

* Diwan Singh Chachowalia (1772–1780)

## Sikh Empire

* Diwan Sawan Mal Chopra (1820–1844)
* Diwan Mulraj Chopra (1844–1849)
# Claudia Pond Eyley

Claudia Pond Eyley (born 1946) is a New Zealand artist and filmmaker. Her works are held in the collection of the Auckland Art Gallery Toi o Tāmaki and Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa.

## Early life

Claudia Pond Eyley was born in 1946 in Matamata, New Zealand.

## Education

Eyley has studied in Montreal, New York, and at the Auckland University Elam School of Fine Arts. Eyley was a major figure in Kingsland society circles in the 1970s and 1980s.

## Career
### Art

She is a founding member of Visual Artists Against Nuclear Arms and a member of the Association of Women Artists. She has exhibited widely international and within New Zealand, including:
* Guest Artist, N.Z. Society of Sculptors & Painters Show in 1975
* Wellington City Art Gallery in 1985
* Unruly Practices at the Auckland City Art Gallery in 1993
She has completed mural commissions at Stokes Road (1980), Auckland University Arts Commerce (1984), Auckland High Court (1991), and collaborated with Pat Hanly for Flying Colours With Invention, Women's Suffrage Centennial collaborative project at Khartoum Place (1993).

### Films

Eyley has directed four films including:
* Helen (2013), (co-directed with Dan Salmon) documentary about New Zealand's first elected woman Prime Minister, Helen Clark
* Kit & Maynie (2008), documentary about two 90-year-old peace activists who live on Waiheke Island in the Hauraki Gulf of New Zealand
* No Nukes Is Good Nukes! The Legacy of New Zealand's Grassroots Ant-Nuclear Movement (2007), documentary about New Zealand's Act of Parliament in 1987 which saw New Zealand become a nuclear free nation
* Departure and Return -The Final Journey of the Rainbow Warrior (2006), documentary about Greenpeace's ship, the Rainbow Warrior

### Books

Eyley co-authored the book Helen Clark - Inside Stories with Dan Salmon. She has illustrated three children's books with author Maris O'Rouke: Lillibutt's Big Adventure; Lillibut''s Te Araroa Adventure; and Lillibutt's Australian Adventure.
# Maffei et al v. Palkon et al

Maffei et al v. Palkon et al, Delaware Supreme Court, No. 125, 2024 is a lawsuit where Elon Musk is trying to get the Delaware Supreme Court to overturn a judge's ruling which had overturned Elon Musk's $56 billion bonus package. Originally, Tesla shareholders had voted to give Musk a performance based bonus which was to be based on the increase in the value of Tesla stock. The higher the stock price went, the higher Musk's bonus was to be. After the stock went up a lot, Musk was given a bonus of $56 billion. One Tesla shareholder sued to prevent Musk from receiving this bonus. Delaware Chancellor Judge Kathaleen McCormick ruled in favor of the plaintiff, meaning that Musk would not be allowed to keep the $56 billion bonus. Then the shareholders voted for a second time to give Musk the $56 billion bonus. Then Judge McCormick ruled against the bonus a second time, claiming that the amount of $56 billion was "unfathomable" Then Musk filed his lawsuit to have his $56 billion bonus reinstated.
* This law-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
* ↑ Judge voids Elon Musk's 'unfathomable' $56 billion Tesla pay package, Reuters, January 31, 2024
* ↑ Elon Musk's more than $50 billion pay deal at Tesla was rejected again. Here is why, NPR, December 3, 2024
* ↑ Delaware Supreme Court eases path for some companies to leave state, Reuters, February 4, 2025
# Tallurutiup Imanga National Marine Conservation Area

Tallurutiup Imanga National Marine Conservation Area is a proposed National Marine Conservation Area (NMCA) located in the Qikiqtani Region of Nunavut, Canada. The goal of the marine conservation area is to work with local Inuit to conserve the rich biodiversity of Lancaster Sound and its adjacent waterways. Once formally established under the Canada National Marine Conservation Areas Act, it will become the largest Parks Canada and Qikiqtani Inuit Association (QIA) co-managed protected area and the second largest protected area in Canada after Tuvaijuittuq Marine Protected Area.

## History

In 2009, the governments of Canada and Nunavut and the Qikiqtani Inuit Association (QIA) signed a memorandum of understanding to begin assessing the feasibility of establishing a NMCA in Lancaster Sound. It also established the Steering Committee to conduct consultations with local communities and key stakeholders.
In 2010, Parks Canada announced a potential future boundary of 44,300 km$^2$ (17,100 sq mi) for an NMCA in Lancaster Sound. Additional studies and consultations were performed in the years that followed to determine what marine areas should be included or excluded from the proposed NMCA.
In February 2017, the Steering Committee submitted its report and recommendations on the feasibility of an NMCA in Lancaster Sound to the ministers of Environment for Canada and Nunavut, and to the President of the Qikiqtani Inuit Association (QIA) in February 2017. The Senior Mineral and Energy Resource Assessment Committee approved of the Steering Committee’s recommended boundary the following May. The Governments of Canada and Nunavut and the QIA began negotiations on an Inuit Impact and Benefit Agreement the following August.
In August 2019, the Government of Canada and the QIA announced the signing of an Inuit Impact and Benefit Agreement (IIBA), required for final establishment of Tallurutiup Imanga National Marine Conservation Area. With the signing of the IIBA, Parks Canada and QIA will begin to operationalize the NMCA.
As of January 2023, formal establishment under the Canada National Marine Conservation Areas Act has yet to occur.

## Geography

The NCMA covers an area of 108,000 km$^2$ (42,000 sq mi) stretching from Baffin Bay between Buchan Gulf and southeastern Ellesmere Island, to the 96th meridian west between Cornwallis Island and Somerset Island. It would surround the marine portions of Sirmilik National Park, Nirjutiqavvik National Wildlife Area, Bylot Island Migratory Bird Sanctuary, and Prince Leopold Island Migratory Bird Sanctuary.

## Ecology

The ecological importance of Lancaster Sound is due to the presence of polynyas in its waters. These small pockets of open water provide refuge for Arctic marine and bird species during winter months. These winter refuges are also areas where Inuit undertake many traditional activities.
# Jamie Pitman

Jamie Pitman (born 6 January 1976) is an English football player and coach who was the manager of Hereford United until 5 March 2012.

## Playing career

He progressed through the youth system at Swindon Town, eventually making three league appearances before being released. He joined Hereford United in early 1996 when the Bulls started their push for the playoffs. He missed much of the following season through injury, which saw Hereford relegated out of the Football League. He stayed with the club for their first season in the Conference before spending two seasons each at Yeovil Town and Woking. During his spell at the latter, he scored the goal that knocked Hereford out of the FA Cup in 2000.
He rejoined the Bulls for the 2002–03 season when they were undergoing a squad clearout. He scored twice on his return, in a 2–1 win against Farnborough Town and in the next two seasons he missed only a handful of League matches. His final game for the club was the Conference Playoff Final in 2006, where he came on as a substitute for the start of extra time to help Hereford regain their League status. He was the only Hereford player on the pitch who had experienced the club's relegation in 1997 as well as the two playoff disappointments in 2004 and 2005. Although he wished to stay at the club, he was not offered a new contract.
At the start of the 2006–07 season, he signed for Forest Green Rovers. He made a total of 64 appearances in the Conference National scoring just once and was player/assistant manager to Jim Harvey before he departed in August 2008 for Hereford United as their club physiotherapist.

## Management career

On 4 October 2010, Pitman was appointed caretaker manager of Hereford United after Simon Davey and his assistant Andy Fensome were sacked, and on 16 December 2010 he was appointed manager until the end of the season. On 21 April 2011 it was confirmed by the club that Pitman had been handed a new two-year contract as manager. On 5 March 2012 he was sacked by Hereford after they had won only once in their last eight games but was retained on the club's coaching staff.
In June 2023, Pitman joined Hereford Pegasus as a Coach.

## Managerial statistics

    Updated 5 March 2012.
| Team | Nat | From | To | Record | Record | Record | Record | Record |
| Team | Nat | From | To | G | W | D | L | Win % |
| Hereford United | | 4 October 2010 | 5 March 2012 | 80 | 22 | 26 | 32 | 027.50 |

## Honours

Individual
* Football Conference Goalscorer of the Month: August 2002
# Marek Božoň

Marek Božoň (17 April 1990 in Poprad) is a Slovak footballer who plays as a defender for the 2. liga club FK DAC 1904 Dunajská Streda.
# Wyrzysk Skarbowy

Wyrzysk Skarbowy is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Wyrzysk, within Piła County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. It lies approximately 2 kilometres (1 mi) north-east of Wyrzysk, 37 km (23 mi) east of Piła, and 89 km (55 mi) north of the regional capital Poznań.
# Birwadi fort

Birwadi fort (Marathi: बिरवाडी किल्ला) is hill fortress located in the village of Birwadi in Roha taluka, Raigad district, Maharashtra, India. Birwadi village is about 3 km away from Chanera village, which is on the Roha–Salav road. The fort looks like a small hillock from a distance.

## How to reach

Birwadi fort is connected by road to the village Chanera. State buses and Rickshaw are available to reach Chanera from Roha. The way to the fort is from the back of the Newly constructed Devi temple. It takes about 45 minutes to reach the top of the fort.

## History

In 1648, this fort was built by Shivaji Maharaj, along with Lingana fort, after capturing Kalyan. This fort was used to keep watch on the Revdanda creek and to check the activities of Siddhi.

## Places to see

There are four corner bastions and the main gate in good condition. There are many stone cut water cisterns on the fort. Two cannons are now moved to the temple at the base of the fort. The view from the summit is pleasing with rice-fields and dense pockets of the jungle around.

## Night halt

The night halt can either be made in the Govt. school in the village or in the Devi temple.

## Gallery

* fort view from the village
* Water System
* Highest point
18°25′27″N 73°02′29″E﻿ / ﻿18.4241°N 73.0413°E﻿ / 18.4241; 73.0413
# Michel André (bobsleigh)

Michel André (born 2 September 1970) is a French bobsledder. He competed in the four man event at the 2002 Winter Olympics.
# Parsegh Baghdassarian

Parsegh Baghdassarian (born February 21, 1975) is an Armenian-Lebanese prelate of the Catholic Church who serves as an auxiliary eparch for the Eparchy of Our Lady of Nareg in the United States and Canada, a jurisdiction of the Armenian Catholic Church.

## Career

Baghdassarian entered the Saint Michael the Archangel Seminary in Bzommar, Lebanon on August 8, 1988, where he studied philosophy and theology. He continued his studies in theology in Rome at the Pontifical Gregorian University where he graduated with the Licentiate of Oriental Canon Law from the Pontifical Oriental Institute. On September 2, 2000, Baghdassarian was ordained to the priesthood for the Institute of the Patriarchal Clergy of Bzommar, an Armenian Catholic religious order. He also obtained a diploma in the Formation of Educators at the Salesian Pontifical University.
Since 2017, he has served as pastor of Saint Gregory the Illuminator Cathedral in Los Angeles.

## Episcopal career

Pope Francis appointed Baghdassarian auxiliary eparch for the Eparchy of Our Lady of Nareg on April 3, 2024. On June 15, 2024, Baghdassarian was consecrated as eparch.
# Kosmos Airlines

Kosmos Airlines (Russian: КОСМОС производственное объединение, KOSMOS Proizvodstvennoe obiedinenie) is a Russian airline founded in 1995 which specialises in the delivery of cargo to launch sites. It is banned from flying in the EU

## History

Kosmos Airlines was founded in 1995 as Aviacompany Kosmos. In 2001 it was renamed to Kosmos Airlines. It was operating in its Russian destinations as well as having passenger and cargo services.

## Fleet

As of October 2021, the Kosmos Airlines fleet comprises the following aircraft:
| Aircraft | In Service |
| Antonov An-12 | 1 |
| Tupolev Tu-134 | 2 |
| Tupolev Tu-204 | 1 |
| Yak 42 | 1 |
| Total | 5 |

## Vnukovo-3 Terminal "Kosmos"

Kosmos Airlines is based at Vnukovo airport and operates an airport terminal at Vnukovo-3, called Kosmos terminal.
# Andy Williams (Welsh footballer)

Andrew Phillip Rees Williams (born 8 October 1977) is a former professional footballer who played as a winger.

## Football career

Williams began his playing career as a trainee at Southampton. During his time at Southampton he played just 21 league games, which included coming on as a substitute as Southampton won 3–2 against Liverpool at Anfield in February 1998. After a brief loan spell at Swindon Town in 1999, the Wiltshire club signed him on a permanent basis and he went on to make a total of 47 appearances in all competitions in his twenty months at the club, scoring one goal against Wolverhampton Wanderers. In 2001, he gave up playing full-time football due to injury. He joined Bath City, and began a career with the police. He spent three years in Bath before being forced to entirely retire from football due to a knee injury in 2004.
Williams won two full caps for Wales, against Brazil in 1997 and Malta in 1998.

## Personal life

He was brought up in Bishop Sutton, attending the local secondary school Chew Valley School. Andy now works at Future Publishing in Bath where he recently received an award for his 'Outstanding Contribution' over the year. He lives near Bristol.
# IQFoil

iQFoil is a windsurfing class selected by World Sailing to replace the RS:X for the 2024 Summer Olympics. The discipline has similarities to Formula Windsurfing, however a notable difference is that sailors only use one sail. The sail size was originally 9 m$^2$ for the men and 8 m$^2$ for the women. The rider has a choice between using a hydrofoil or a conventional 68 cm fin.

## Equipment Evolution

Starting in January 2025 there are equipment changes:
* Men will switch from the 9 m$^2$ sail to an 8 m$^2$ (previous Female and Youth design) sail.
* Female and Female Youth change from the 8 m$^2$ sail to a new design 7.3 m$^2$ sail.
* Both categories adopt the existing 4.90 m mast to align with the revised sail sizes.

## Events
### World Championships

* iQFoil World Championships
* iQFoil Youth World Championships
* Youth Sailing World Championships

### Olympics

* Sailing at the 2024 Summer Olympics – Men's iQFoil
* Sailing at the 2024 Summer Olympics – Women's iQFoil