OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Gestapo Informer Recognized by a Woman She Had Denounced

Gestapo Informer Recognized by a Woman She Had Denounced, full title Gestapo Informer Recognized by a Woman She Had Denounced, Deportation Camp, Dessau, Germany, is a black and white photograph taken by Henri Cartier-Bresson in 1945. It is one of the most famous post-World War II pictures.

## History and description

While working for the French Army's film and photography unit, Cartier-Bresson was caught by the Germans and became a prisoner of war in June 1940. In 1943, his third escape attempt was successful, and with the help of forged papers, he managed to flee to France.
After the end of World War II in Europe, in May 1945, he was assigned by the American Office of War Information to do a documentary about French prisoners of war and refugees, which would be Le Retour. This picture was taken at the Dessau deportation camp, in East Germany, recently liberated by the Soviet and American armies, and which was being used as a shelter for displaced people, forced workers, political and war prisoners, and refugees.
The dramatic picture documents the moment when a Belgian woman who had been a Nazi collaborator as a Gestapo informer, and was identified before she could hide in the crowd, is publicly identified by another woman as the one who denounced her. She rushes from the crowd to do that and stands angry and defiant to her left, while the alleged informer lowers her head in shame. The camp commandant and interrogator sits calmly at a writing desk as he witnesses the scene. A crowd at the background witnesses the dramatic event, including a man in "stryped pyjamas" who looks defiantly at the left. The identity of the two women is unknown but the man seated at the desk was Wilhelm Heinrich van der Velden, a young Dutchman nominated by the Americans to that position, who had been recently liberated from the Westerbork Camp, in the Netherlands. This particular scene is absent from the documentary.

## Public collections

There are prints of this photograph at the International Center of Photography, in New York, the Minneapolis Institute of Art, in Minneapolis, and the Art Gallery of South Australia, in Adelaide.
# Silvinho (footballer, born 1990)

Sílvio José Cardoso Reis Júnior (born 1 July 1990, in Guajará-Mirim), commonly known as Silvinho, is a Brazilian left winger who plays for Botafogo Futebol Clube(Ribeirão Preto).

## Honours
### Monte Azul

* Campeonato Paulista Série A2: 2009

### CSA

* Campeonato Alagoano: 2021
# Franz Reichleitner

Franz Karl Reichleitner (2 December 1906 – 3 January 1944) was an Austrian member in the SS of Nazi Germany who participated in Operation Reinhard during the Holocaust. Reichleitner served as the second and last commandant of Sobibór extermination camp from 1 September 1942 until the camp's closure on or about 17 October 1943. As the commanding officer of the camp, Franz Reichleitner directly perpetrated the genocide of Jews.

## SS career

Reichleitner joined the Nazi Party in 1936 as member number 6,369,213 and the Schutzstaffel in 1937 as member number 357,065. He began his career as a Kriminalsekretär of the Gestapo in Linz. Later Reichleitner was assigned to work in the Action T4 euthanasia program at the nearby Hartheim Euthanasia Centre. He first served as an assistant supervisor (together with Franz Stangl) under officer Christian Wirth before assuming Wirth's position of chief supervisor at Hartheim. Reichleitner was also partly responsible for getting Stangl a supervising job in T-4.
Reichleitner was married to Anna Baumgartner from Steyr.

## Sobibor death camp

On 1 September 1942, at the rank of SS-Obersturmführer (First Lieutenant), on the orders of Wirth and Odilo Globocnik, Reichleitner took command of the Sobibór extermination camp with Franz Stangl's departure to Treblinka. Reichleitner rarely showed his face in the camp, and it has been claimed that he was a heavy drinker, but his command at Sobibór was even more strict than that of his predecessor. Moshe Bahir, a camp inmate, wrote:
   Reichleitner, a man in his late forties, with an Austrian accent, was dressed always with great elegance and wore gloves. He did not have direct contact with the Jews and the transports. He knew that he could rely on his subordinates, who were very frightened of him. He ran the camp with German precision. During his time the Aktionen went smoothly, and all the transports that arrived on a certain day were liquidated. He never left them for the following day...
On one occasion, when an old man from the transports slapped SS officer Karl Frenzel, Reichleitner took the man aside and shot him on the spot in front of his family and the entire convoy of people.

## Sobibor revolt

After Reichsführer-SS Heinrich Himmler visited Sobibór on 12 February 1943, he promoted Reichleitner to SS-Hauptsturmführer (Captain). Reichleitner was on leave on the day of the successful Sobibór revolt, 14 October 1943. With about 300 of the 600 prisoners having escaped, the remainder were shot dead per the direct orders of Himmler. Sobibór was closed within a few days and the Nazis attempted to remove any traces of its existence.
In autumn 1943, like so many of the perpetrators of Operation Reinhard, Reichleitner was then transferred to the Fiume area of Italy to kill Jews and quell the partisan resistance movement there. Reichleitner was killed by partisans on 3 January 1944 at Fiume, Italy.
# De Bruijn–Newman constant

The de Bruijn–Newman constant, denoted by $\Lambda$ and named after Nicolaas Govert de Bruijn and Charles Michael Newman, is a mathematical constant defined via the zeros of a certain function $H(\lambda ,z)$, where $\lambda$ is a real parameter and $z$ is a complex variable. More precisely,
    $H(\lambda ,z):=\int _{0}^{\infty }e^{\lambda u^{2}}\Phi (u)\cos(zu)\,du$,
where $\Phi$ is the super-exponentially decaying function
    $\Phi (u)=\sum _{n=1}^{\infty }(2\pi ^{2}n^{4}e^{9u}-3\pi n^{2}e^{5u})e^{-\pi n^{2}e^{4u}}$
and $\Lambda$ is the unique real number with the property that $H$ has only real zeros if and only if $\lambda \geq \Lambda$.
The constant is closely connected with Riemann hypothesis. Indeed, the Riemann hypothesis is equivalent to the conjecture that $\Lambda \leq 0$. Brad Rodgers and Terence Tao proved that $\Lambda \geq 0$, so the Riemann hypothesis is equivalent to $\Lambda =0$. A simplified proof of the Rodgers–Tao result was later given by Alexander Dobner.

## History

De Bruijn showed in 1950 that $H$ has only real zeros if $\lambda \geq 1/2$, and moreover, that if $H$ has only real zeros for some $\lambda$, $H$ also has only real zeros if $\lambda$ is replaced by any larger value. Newman proved in 1976 the existence of a constant $\Lambda$ for which the "if and only if" claim holds; and this then implies that $\Lambda$ is unique. Newman also conjectured that $\Lambda \geq 0$, which was proven forty years later, by Brad Rodgers and Terence Tao in 2018.

## Upper bounds

De Bruijn's upper bound of $\Lambda \leq 1/2$ was not improved until 2008, when Ki, Kim and Lee proved $\Lambda <1/2$, making the inequality strict.
In December 2018, the 15th Polymath project improved the bound to $\Lambda \leq 0.22$. A manuscript of the Polymath work was submitted to arXiv in late April 2019, and was published in the journal Research In the Mathematical Sciences in August 2019.
This bound was further slightly improved in April 2020 by Platt and Trudgian to $\Lambda \leq 0.2$.

## Historical bounds

Historical lower bounds :
| Year | Lower bound on Λ | Authors |
| 1987 | −50 | Csordas, G.; Norfolk, T. S.; Varga, R. S. |
| 1990 | −5 | te Riele, H. J. J. |
| 1991 | −0.0991 | Csordas, G.; Ruttan, A.; Varga, R. S. |
| 1993 | −5.895×10$^{−9}$ | Csordas, G.; Odlyzko, A.M.; Smith, W.; Varga, R.S. |
| 2000 | −2.7×10$^{−9}$ | Odlyzko, A.M. |
| 2011 | −1.1×10$^{−11}$ | Saouter, Yannick; Gourdon, Xavier; Demichel, Patrick |
| 2018 | ≥0 | Rodgers, Brad; Tao, Terence |
Historical upper bounds :
| Year | Upper bound on Λ | Authors |
| 1950 | ≤ 1/2 | de Bruijn, N.G. |
| 2008 | < 1/2 | Ki, H.; Kim, Y-O.; Lee, J. |
| 2019 | ≤ 0.22 | Polymath, D.H.J. |
| 2020 | ≤ 0.2 | Platt, D.; Trudgian, T. |
# State Secretary of Estonia

State Secretary or Secretary of State (Estonian: riigisekretär) is a higher official, who leads Estonian Riigikantselei. Since 2018, State Secretary is Taimar Peterkop.

## State Secretaries

| Years | State Secretary |
| 1921–1940 | Karl Terras |
| 1944–1945 | Helmut Maandi (in exile) |
| 1945–1949 | Artur Mägi (in exile) |
| 1949–1953 | Helmut Maandi (in exile) |
| 1953–1971 | Heinrich Mark (in exile) |
| 1971–1990 | Arved Ruusa (in exile) |
| 1990–1992 | Katrin Nyman-Metcalf (in exile) |
| 1992–1995 | Ülo Kaevats |
| 1995–1999 | Uno Veering |
| 1999–2003 | Aino Lepik von Wirén |
| 2003–2018 | Heiki Loot |
| 2018–2025 | Taimar Peterkop |
| 2025– | Keit Kasemets |
# Jōren Falls

Jōren Falls (浄蓮の滝, Jōren-no-taki) is a waterfall in the Yugashima district of Izu city, Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan, in central Izu Peninsula, in the upper reaches of the Kano River. It is a Shizuoka Prefectural Natural Monument. It is one of "Japan’s Top 100 Waterfalls", in a listing published by the Japanese Ministry of the Environment in 1990.
According to Japanese folklore, Jōren Falls is home to the jorōgumo, a spider that can transform into a seductive woman.
# Alva M. Lumpkin

Alva Moore Lumpkin (November 13, 1886 – August 1, 1941) was a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of South Carolina and the United States District Court for the Western District of South Carolina and was a United States senator from South Carolina.

## Education and career

Born on November 13, 1886, in Milledgeville, Baldwin County, Georgia, Lumpkin moved with his parents to Columbia, South Carolina, in 1898. There were seven siblings, who by birth order were: Elizabeth (teacher), Hope (clergyman), Alva (politician), Morris (lawyer), Grace (writer), and Katharine (academic). He attended the public schools in Milledgeville and Columbia, then received a Bachelor of Laws in 1908 from the University of South Carolina School of Law and was admitted to the bar the same year. He entered private practice in Columbia from 1908 to 1939. He was an assistant clerk for the South Carolina Senate from 1906 to 1908. He was a member of the South Carolina House of Representatives from 1911 to 1913. He was a member of the Conciliation Commission for Advancement of Peace between the United States and Uruguay in 1914. He was an acting assistant attorney general for South Carolina in 1918. He was a member of the South Carolina Board of Pardons from 1922 to 1923. He was an acting Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of South Carolina from 1926 to 1934.

## Federal judicial service

Lumpkin was nominated by President Franklin D. Roosevelt on May 17, 1939, to a joint seat on the United States District Court for the Eastern District of South Carolina and the United States District Court for the Western District of South Carolina vacated by Judge John Lyles Glenn Jr. He was confirmed by the United States Senate on May 22, 1939, and received his commission on July 19, 1939. His service terminated on July 22, 1941, due to his resignation.

## Brief Senate service and death

Lumpkin was appointed on July 17, 1941, as a Democrat to the United States Senate to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of United States Senator James F. Byrnes and served from July 22, 1941, until his death in Washington, D.C., on August 1, 1941, following a gastric hemorrhage two days prior. He was interred in Elmwood Cemetery in Columbia, South Carolina.
# Smart Technologies

Smart Technologies (styled as SMART Technologies) is a Canadian company headquartered in Calgary, Alberta, Canada and wholly owned by Foxconn. Founded in 1987, SMART is best known as the developer of interactive whiteboards branded as the "Smart Board" (styled as SMART Board) popularly used in education and business.

## History

Smart was founded in 1987 by husband and wife David Martin and Nancy Knowlton.
In 1991, Smart introduced its interactive whiteboard, branded the "Smart Board".
In 2003, Smart developed and later patented DViT (Digital Vision Touch) technology which was an important feature of the SMART Board.
In 2009, Smart filed a patent infringement lawsuit against New Zealand-based NextWindow before acquiring the company outright in 2010.
On July 15, 2010, Smart Technologies placed an initial public offering on the NASDAQ stock exchange and Toronto Stock Exchange (TSX), raising upwards of $660 million. Later that year, several class action complaints were filed against Smart in the U.S. District Courts in New York and Illinois. Filed on behalf of the purchasers of the Class A Subordinate Voting Shares in Smart's IPO in July 2010, the complaints alleged that the company did not disclose important information prior to the IPO. A settlement was reached in March 2013.
As of the 2011 fiscal year end, Smart Board interactive whiteboards led the interactive whiteboard category with a 63% share in the United States, 44% share in EMEA (Europe, Middle East and Africa) and 47% share globally.
In 2011, Smart employed about 1,700 people.
In April 2012, amid a declining stock price and sales resulting from decreased school board spending, both Martin and Knowlton resigned from their executive roles at Smart before leaving the board in April 2014.
On December 11, 2012, Smart Technologies announced it would begin corporate restructuring. The company proceeded to lay off 25% of its employees. Then-CEO Neil Gaydon stated that it would save the company approximately $40 million, and cited competition in the market as part of the reason for restructuring.
In 2016, SMART Technologies Inc. was acquired by Foxconn for $200 million.
# Terry Groves

Terence Randolph Alexander Groves was a Member of the House of Keys in the Isle of Man and Government Minister.
He was born in 1946 in Douglas, Isle of Man and educated at Shrewsbury School. His career was in Real Estate and he was also a director of an insurance company, Royal Skandia, and a number of other companies. He was a keen golfer.
He was elected MHK for Ramsey in 1991 and stood down in 1996.

## Governmental positions

* Minister of Local Government and the Environment, 1994–1996
# Claude d'Abbeville

Claude d'Abbeville was a 17th-century French Franciscan friar who worked as a missionary with the Tupinambá in Maranhão, modern Brazil. He was part of a colonizing party and a mission of four Franciscans sent under a 1611 patent letter from the Regent Marie de Médicis, and was also accompanied by Father Yves D'Evreux.

## Biography

The colonial enterprise to found "France Équinoxiale" was led by Daniel de la Tousche, sieur de la Ravardière, and François de Razilly. The outpost would later become the city of São Luís do Maranhão. The French arrived in the island in August 1612. One of the objectives of the mission was to establish trade in brazilwood and tobacco.
The fathers worked on the island of Maragnan in the mouth of the Amazon, where the French Fort Saint Louis was founded as a Roman Catholic mission in 1612-15. The two fathers Claude d'Abbeville and Yves D'Evreux learned the Tupinambá language and wrote about their experience.
The Catholic colonial endeavours of the early 17th century followed the earlier Protestant attempts at establishing a colony in South America, especially the short-lived France Antarctique, and marked the recent domination of the Catholic faith over Protestantism in France.
The Tupinambá were in alliance with the French, with the objective of resisting Portuguese encroachments.
The mission organized the dispatch of Tupinambá Indians from Maragnan to the court of Louis XIII in France, where they created a sensation. Père Claude d'Abbeville commented enthusiastically on the visit of the Indians in Paris with the words: "Who would have thought that Paris, used to the strange and the exotic, would go so wild over these Indians?". The Indians – only three out of a total six had survived the travel by that time – were baptized in the Church of the Capuchins.
When France and Spain (including Portugal in the Iberian Union) became allied through the marriage of Louis XIII with Anne of Austria in 1615, support for the colony was discontinued and the colonists abandoned. The Portuguese soon managed to expel the French from the colony. The book by Claude d'Abbeville was removed from circulation, and similar work by Yves D'Evreux and Francois Huby was destroyed.

## Works

* Claude d'Abbeville. Histoire de la mission des pères Capucins en l'isle de Maragnan et terres circonvoisines (History of the Mission of the Capuchin Fathers to the Island of Maranhão), Paris: F. Huby, 1614.
# List of theatres in Bangkok

Bangkok is home to a number of theatres, which usually feature traditional performances such as the khon masked dance, or modern Western theatre–influenced plays and performances.

## List of theatres
### Government institutions

* National Theatre

### Academic institutions

These theatres serve their respective academic theatre programmes.
* Nakarin Theatre, Srinakharinwirot University
* Patravadi Theatre (by Patravadi Mejudhon)
* Sodsai Pantoomkomol Centre for Dramatic Arts, Chulalongkorn University

### Commercial theatres

These commercial establishments show a wide range of programmes, both local and imported.
* Aksra Theatre
* Calypso Cabaret, Asiatique
* M Theatre
* Muangthai Rachadalai Theatre, The Esplanade
* Sala Chalermkrung Royal Theatre
* Siam Niramit (until 2021)

### Multi-purpose venues

These multi-purpose venues are sometimes used for theatrical productions.
* CenterPoint Playhouse, CentralWorld
* Impact Arena
* Royal Paragon Hall
* Thailand Cultural Centre

### Small theatre spaces

These are usually rented to small independent theatre groups.
* BlueBox Studio, M Theatre
* Crescent Moon Space, Pridi Banomyong Institute
* Democrazy Theatre Studio
# List of theatres in Budapest

The following is a list of professional and amateur theatres and theatre companies in Budapest, Hungary. They are organised alphabetically in name order.
* Top
* 0–9
* A
* B
* C
* D
* E
* F
* G
* H
* I
* J
* K
* L
* M
* N
* O
* P
* Q
* R
* S
* T
* U
* V
* W
* X
* Y
* Z

## B

* Bárka Theatre
* Budapest Puppet Theatre

## C

* Chamber Theatre of Budapest
* Cellar Theatre
* Centrál Theatre
* Comedy Theatre of Budapest

## D

* Deutsches Theater Budapest
* Duma Theatre

## E

* Erkel Theatre

## H

* Hétfőszín
* Hungarian State Opera House

## I

* International Buda Stage

## J

* Játékszín
* József Attila Theatre

## K

* Karinthy Theatre
* Katona József Theatre
* Kolibri Theatre
* Komédium
* Korona Pódium
* Körúti Theatre
* Krétakör Theatre

## M

* Madách Chamber
* Madách Theatre
* Magyar Theatre
* Maskara Társulat
* Merlin International Theatre
* MiaManó Theatre
* Mikroszkóp Színpad
* Millenáris Theatrum
* MU Theatre
* Musical Theatre

## N

* Nap Theatre
* National Dance Theatre
* National Theatre

## O

* Operett Theatre of Budapest
* Örkény István Theatre

## P

* Pesti Vigadó

## R

* Radnóti Miklós Theatre
* Ruttkai Éva Theatre

## S

* Szabad-Tér Theatre

## T

* Thália Theatre
* Trafó House of Contemporary Arts
* Tropicarium Theatre

## U

* Uncle Lakner's Children Theatre
* Új Theatre

## V

* Városi Theatre
* Vidám Színpad
# List of theatres in Munich

In Munich, there are 59 professional theaters (as of 1999) and a variety of amateur theaters.
Major theaters include:

## State theatres

* Bayerische Staatsoper (main venue: Nationaltheater München)
* Bayerisches Staatsballett (venue: Nationaltheater München)
* Bayerisches Staatsschauspiel (main venue: Residence Theatre)
* Cuvilliés-Theater
* Pavillon 21 MINI Opera Space
* Prinzregententheater (played by the Bayerische Theaterakademie August Everding, the state theater and concerts)
* Staatstheater am Gärtnerplatz

## City theatres

* Münchner Kammerspiele
* Münchner Volkstheater
* Schauburg (München) – Theater der Jugend
* Deutsches Theater, the largest theater for guest performances in Germany

## Private theatres

* Akademietheater
* Blutenburg-Theater, Germany's first and unique crime scene
* Das kleine Welttheater
* FestSpielHaus of youth culture in Munich-Neuperlach
* Gerhard Loew Bühne in Oberanger Theater
* GOP Varieté-Theater (formerly Kleine Komödie am Max-II-Denkmal)
* Heppel & Ettlich
* Hinterhoftheater
* Iberl-Bühne in München-Solln
* I-camp/Neues Theater München in München-Au
* INTERIM-Theater
* Kammertheater München, earlier Kammertheater Schwabing
* Komödie im Bayerischen Hof
* LEO 17 - Theater in der Leopoldstraße
* Puppetry Kleines Spiel
* Metropol-Theater
* Münchner Galerie Theater
* Münchner Marionettentheater
* Münchner Theater für Kinder
* Münchner Vorstadtbrettl
* Pathos Transport Theater
* Rationaltheater
* Rohrer & Brammer; closed since May 2010
* Teamtheater, formerly Theater am Einlaß
* Theater44; closed since May 2009
* Theater aus der Reisetasche
* Theater Blaue Maus
* Theater Die Kleine Freiheit (closed)
* theater Viel Lärm um Nichts in the Pasinger Fabrik
* theater ... und so fort, Munich
* TamS

## Amateur theatres

* ArtikultTheater
* Dramatischer Club "Alpenröserl" e.V.
* Theatergruppe "Die ganz Andern"
* Theater in der Au e.V.
* Theatergruppe Musikforum Blutenburg e.V.
* Ludwigsbühne München
* s'Bredl
* el teatro e.V.
* Erlebnis Oper e.V.
* Feldmochinger Volkstheater e.V.
* TSV Forstenried e.V.
* Theater gruppo di grappa
* Münchner Heimatbühne e.V.
* Theaterteam Helena
* Kachina Theater GbR
* Theater im Kloster
* Kleine Bühne München e.V.
* Komödien-Brettl Untermenzing
* Laimer Brett'l e.V.
* "Lampenfieber" Bayerisches Volkstheater
* Menzinger Komödienstadl
* Milbertshofener Bühne e.V.
* Laienspielgruppe "s’Moosacher Brett’l" e.V.
* Heimatbühne Obergiesing e.V.
* Bauerntheater in Obermenzing
* Theatergruppe der Pfarrei St. Quirin
* Theatergruppe "Rasselglocke"
* Sendlinger Bauernbühne
* Theatergruppe Siemens e.V.
* Spielgemeinschaft Kleine Bühne e.V.
* "Die Spielmacher"
* Südtiroler Volksbühne e.V.
* "Szenenwechsel"
* Theaterbrett´l 1993 (ehem. Theaterbrett'l St. Klara)
* Theatritis
* Thow & Show
* Theaterverein „Die lustigen Truderinger“
* Theater-Truhe
* Bayerisches Volkskunsttheater
* Münchner Heimtbühne e.V.
* Münchner Volkssänger-Bühne e.V.
* Münchner Vorstadtbrettl
* Volksbühne Waldheim e.V.
* Laienspielgruppe Waldtrudering
* Bayerische Volksbühne Watzmann e.V.
* Weiß-Blaue Bühne e.V.
# Bluedot Festival

Bluedot is a music, science and culture event held annually in July since 2016 at Jodrell Bank Observatory in Cheshire, England, combining music, live science experiments, expert talks and immersive artworks.
The event is endorsed by the University of Manchester, current owners of the observatory.
The festival is named after Pale Blue Dot, a famous 1990 photograph of planet Earth popularised by Carl Sagan.
In May 2022, it was announced the live entertainment platform, Superstruct Entertainment has acquired a majority stake in Bluedot.

## Musical performances

Since 2016, acts performing at the bluedot festival have included Orbital, Underworld, Alt-J, Goldfrapp, Jean-Michel Jarre, The Chemical Brothers, Gary Numan and The Flaming Lips.
Kraftwerk headlined Saturday at the 2019 event, alongside New Order and Hot Chip.
The 2020 festival was due to feature Björk, Groove Armada and Metronomy, however the event was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The acts were rescheduled to headline the festival in July 2021. However, the festival was cancelled for a second time due to COVID-19, citing the lack of insurance from the British government to cover financial losses if the event were to be cancelled for COVID-19-related reasons. Bluedot returned in July 2022, with Björk headlining.
The 2023 festival was headlined by Grace Jones.

## Science talks

The festival has included talks and demonstrations from
* Jim Al-Khalili
* Teresa Anderson
* Sarah Bridle
* Philippa Browning
* Richard Dawkins
* Brian Cox
* Tamsin Edwards
* Tim O'Brien
* Lisa Harvey-Smith
* Jess Wade
* Heather Williams