OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Aʿazzu Mā Yuṭlab

Aʿazzu Mā Yuṭlab (Arabic: أعز ما يُطلب, lit. 'The Dearest Quest'), also known as al-ʿAqīda (العقيدة, lit. 'The Creed'), is a 12th-century book containing the teachings of Ibn Tumart, self-proclaimed mahdi and founder of the Almohad Caliphate. According to the text of the book itself, it was compiled by a scribe to whom Abd al-Mu'min dictated his notes from Ibn Tumart's teachings.

## Content

Aʿazzu Mā Yuṭlab contains a variety of topics, commentaries, summaries, and essays representing the foundation Ibn Tumart's movement. It deals with hadith, fiqh, usūl ad-din, tawhid, politics, jihad, calls for reform, and promoting beneficence and discouraging maleficence.
At the basis of Ibn Tumart's message and teachings is the concept of "tawhid," from which the Almohads got their name: al-muwaḥḥidūn (المُوَحِّدون).$^{:246}$

## Editions

al-ʿAqīda was translated into Latin by the deacon Mark of Toledo in 606/1209–10, after Almohad military successes in al-Andalus, especially the Battle of Alarcos.
The Hungarian Orientalist Ignác Goldziher studied the book and published an introduction to it in 1903 (please note, however, that this work was not a French translation of Ibn Tumart's E'az Ma Yutlab) .
The original text is preserved in two manuscript copies, dated 579/1183 and 595/1199.
# Flax Island Creek

Flax Island Creek is a river located in southern Otsego County, New York. The creek converges with the Susquehanna River by Otego, New York.

## History

Flax Island Creek is named after a small island, called Flax Island, that used to be on the Susquehanna River below the mouth where the wild flax grew in abundance. In the resurvey of the Wallace patent in 1773 the island is shown as Flax Island.
# 2024 Peru wildfires

The 2024 Peru wildfires are a series of wildfires that began in July 2024 that have caused at least 16 deaths and the burning of about 3,000 hectares [ha] (7,400 acres) of forest, protected areas, and agricultural land in 22 of 24 Peruvian regions. The source of the fires was stated by Prime Minister of Peru Gustavo Adrianzén to primarily be human activity.

## Wildfires

Wildfires first began to appear in July 2024. The Peruvian civil defense head Juan Urcariegui reported that the worst wildfires were in the Amazon near the border of Ecuador. Peru's National Forestry and Wildlife Service, SERFOR, said that the primary reason for the fires' rapid spread was due to "extremely strong winds and prolonged droughts [that] dry out vegetation, turning it into highly flammable fuel" that was strongly exacerbated by anthropogenic climate change. Amazon Watch reported that increased temperatures resulted in drought conditions that prevented moisture and mist from staying in the region, causing stronger and more numerous wildfires that contribute to further greenhouse gas emissions in a feedback loop.
Data from Peru's Ministry of the Environment said that many wildfires were regularly caused between August and November by farmers' and land traffickers' burning of dry grasslands in order to increase the amount of land open for sale or agriculture.

## Impact

The largest wildfire outbreaks were detected in the departments of Amazonas, Ancash, Cuzco, Madre de Dios, San Martin, and Ucayali. By 15 September, 222 fire emergencies were reported, of which 80% had been contained by then.
Peru's civil defense reported that as a result of the widespread wildfires, at least 15 civilians were killed and 134 more were injured. Of these, 10 died in a two-week period from early-mid September, and 1,800 more civilians were impacted by the fires.

## Response

Prime Minister of Peru Gustavo Adrianzén reported that aerial firefighting efforts were strongly hindered by the presence of smoke from the wildfires, along with high cloud cover and strong winds. He also pleaded to farmers and the rest of Peru to stop burning grasslands, stating that "All the fires that are happening nationwide have been started by humans".
Many firefighters and firefighting volunteers were forced to use alternative tactics to put out and stop the spread of fires in hard-to-reach sections, such as by striking the ground with branches. Governor of Ucayali Manuel Gambini requested that military aircraft be used to aid firefighting efforts and protect cocoa and palm crops due to the rugged terrain making ground operations difficult.
# Mobile (sculpture)

A mobile (UK: /ˈmoʊbaɪl/, US: /ˈmoʊbiːl/) is a type of kinetic sculpture constructed to take advantage of the principle of equilibrium. It consists of a number of rods, from which weighted objects or further rods hang. The objects hanging from the rods balance each other, so that the rods remain more or less horizontal. Each rod hangs from only one string, which gives it the freedom to rotate about the string. An ensemble of these balanced parts hang freely in space, by design without coming into contact with each other.
Mobiles are popular in the nursery, where they hang over cribs to give infants entertainment and visual stimulation. Mobiles have inspired many composers, including Morton Feldman and Earle Brown who were inspired by Alexander Calder's mobiles to create mobile-like indeterminate pieces. John Cage wrote the music for the short film Works of Calder that focused on Calder's mobiles. Frank Zappa stated that his compositions employ a principle of balance similar to Calder mobiles.

## Origin

The meaning of the term "mobile" as applied to sculpture has evolved since it was first suggested by Marcel Duchamp in 1931 to describe the early, mechanized creations of Alexander Calder. At this point, "mobile" was synonymous with the term "kinetic art", describing sculptural works in which motion is a defining property. While motor or crank-driven moving sculptures may have initially prompted it, the word "mobile" later came to refer more specifically to Calder's free-moving creations. Calder in many respects invented an art form where objects (typically brightly coloured, abstract shapes fashioned from sheet metal) are connected by wire much like a balance scale. By the sequential attachment of additional objects, the final creation consists of many balanced parts joined by lengths of wire whose individual elements are capable of moving independently or as a whole when prompted by air movement or direct contact. Thus, "mobile" has become a more well-defined term with its origin in the many such hanging constructs Calder produced in a prolific manner between the 1930s and his death in 1976.

## Similar works

Calder's work is the only one defined by the term "mobile"; however, three other notable artists worked on a similar concept. Man Ray experimented with this idea around 1920, Armando Reverón who during the 30s made a series of movable skeletons and Bruno Munari created his "Useless Machines" in 1933, made in cardboard and playful colors. Also Julio Le Parc, Grand Prize winner at the Venice Biennale in 1966.
# Robert D. Blue

Robert Donald Blue (September 24, 1898 – December 14, 1989) was an American politician, the 30th Governor of Iowa from 1945 to 1949.

## Early Life

Blue attended Capital City Commercial College and Iowa State University. He served in the United States Army during World War I. After the war, he earned a law degree from Drake University Law School in 1922. He practiced law in Eagle Grove and was County Attorney of Wright County, Iowa from 1924 to 1931 and City Attorney of Eagle Grove from 1932 to 1934.

## Political Career

In 1934, Blue was elected to the Iowa House of Representatives. He was reelected in 1936, 1938, 1940, and 1942, and was Speaker of the Iowa House from 1939 to 1943. He was elected the Lieutenant Governor of Iowa in 1942 and then Governor in 1944, winning reelection in 1946.
Blue's policies were unpopular among labor groups (opposed to his bill outlawing the closed shop), farmers (opposed to his tax policies), and teachers (opposed to his cuts in education funding). One of his principal opponents in the legislature, William S. Beardsley, took advantage of Blue's unpopularity and successfully challenged him in the Republican primary in 1948.

## Post Governorship

Blue left public life and returned to his hometown of Eagle Grove. He died of a stroke in Fort Dodge, Iowa on December 14, 1989.

## Legacy

Before his death, the middle school in Eagle Grove, Iowa changed its name to Robert Blue Middle School (RBMS). Mr. Blue was in attendance at the ceremony.
# Ninade Nenapu

Ninade Nenapu is a 2007 Indian Kannada-language romantic drama film directed by Madan Patel and starring Mayur Patel and newcomer Maya. The film's title is based on a song from Raja Nanna Raja (1976).

## Cast

* Mayur Patel as Vijay
* Maya as Shilpa
* Ananth Nag
* Harish Raj as Raj
* Renukamma Murgod

## Production

Maya from London made her debut through this film.

## Soundtrack

The music is composed by Adi (Mahesh Patel) and Ram Sampath. The song "Heegeke Naninda" is inspired from "Dole Dole" from Pokiri (2006).

## Reception

A critic from The Times of India rated the film three out of five stars and wrote that "AFTER several experiments, the father-son duo of Madan and Mayur Patel has finally made a good movie. While Madan has deftly executed the story, screenplay and direction, Mayur shows good screen presence". R. G. Vijayasarathy of IANS rated the film one out of five stars and that "Ninade Nenapu ends up as a mediocre film and unfortunately Mayur may well have to wait for a right break as even his father has failed to deliver him a good script". A critic from Rediff.com wrote that "In a nutshell, this mediocre film has no soul".
# Howard Kinsman

Howard Philip Kinsman (9 October 1900 – 10 January 1960) was a South African sprinter who competed at two Olympic Games.

## Career

Kinsman competed in the 200 metres at the 1924 Summer Olympics and the 1928 Summer Olympics.
Kinsman won the British AAA Championships title in the 220 yards event at the 1924 AAA Championships, where he defeated Eric Liddell into second place.
# 2024 Ayta al-Shaab clashes

This page is subject to the extended confirmed restriction related to the Arab-Israeli conflict.
A military engagement began on 1 October 2024 in the village of Ayta al-Shaab between Israel and Hezbollah, amid the 2024 Israeli invasion of Lebanon.

## Background

On 1 October 2024, Israel began an invasion of Lebanon as part of the 2024 Israel–Hezbollah war and the Israel–Hezbollah conflict, results of the spillover of the Israel–Hamas war. It began after Hezbollah faced a series of setbacks in September 2024 that degraded its capabilities and eliminated most of its leadership; beginning with the pager explosions, followed by an Israeli aerial bombing campaign targeting Hezbollah throughout Lebanon, killing over 800 and injuring at least 5,000 in a week, and culminating in the 27 September assassination of Hezbollah leader Hassan Nasrallah.
The IDF claimed that since the onset of the Israel–Hezbollah conflict in October 2023 and leading up to the October 2024 ground operation, it had destroyed 103 "terror targets" in Ayta al-Shaab, including 51 tunnel shafts and nine rocket launchers, with tunnels reaching approximately 25 meters deep.

## Battle

The battle started in the Nurit between Ayta al-Shaab and the border between Lebanon and Israel. On October 1, under heavy air support by the Israeli Air Force, the 98th Division penetrated into the Nurit area. Soon the IDF troops entered the village and systematically began destroying Hezbollah's above ground and underground infrastructure including a large scale tunnel including an underground weapons warehouse, a command room, and residential quarters. The troops launched house to house search operations uncovering an underground barracks and a training grounds which were subsequently destroyed.
The troops from the 91st Division were also deployed to the village and around 20 militants were killed in the battle.
On 8 October, the village was reported to have been under Israeli control as the IDF began its second phase of operations in southern Lebanon.
On 12 October, the village residents were forced to evacuate following the extensive bombardment of the village by UAVs and aircraft. On October 14, Hezbollah claimed that its fighters killed or injured Israeli soldiers by targeting an armoured personnel carrier using a guided missile in Ayta al-Shaab. It also said that it engaged in fighting with Israeli soldiers in the village.
On 21 October, several IDF tanks entered Ayta al-Shaab, intensifying combat in the region. IDF soldiers blew up several buildings in the village.
On 24 October, Hezbollah reported that its fighters were engaged in ongoing "intense" clashes against IDF vehicles in the village. On the same day, Hezbollah said that it destroyed an Israeli tank with a guided missile, killing and wounding the soldiers inside.
# Assaku

Assaku is a small borough (Estonian: alevik) in Rae Parish, Harju County, northern Estonia. As of the 2011 census, the settlement's population was 460.
# Douw Calitz

Douw Calitz (born 30 December 1974) is a South African born international lawn bowls player from Namibia who was the 2003 World Singles Champion of Champions.

## Bowls career
### World Championships

Calitz has competed for Namibia at five World Bowls Championships in 1996 and 2004, 2008, 2012 and 2016.

### Commonwealth Games

Calitz has represented Namibia at six Commonwealth Games in 1994, 1998, 2002, 2006, 2014 and 2018. This constitutes a record number of appearances for Namibia at the Commonwealth Games.

### Other events

In 2003 he became the World Singles Champion of Champions defeating Darren Burnett of Scotland in the final.
# Diogo Verdasca

Diogo Sousa Verdasca (born 26 October 1996) is a Portuguese professional footballer who plays as a central defender for Azerbaijan Premier League club Kapaz.

## Club career
### Porto

Born in Guimarães, Minho Province, Verdasca played youth football for four clubs, including FC Porto in two different spells. On 9 August 2015 he made his senior debut, playing 81 minutes for the reserves in a 1–2 home loss to Portimonense S.C. in the Segunda Liga. He scored twice during his first season, against C.D. Feirense (2–0 home win) and S.L. Benfica B (3–1, also at home), as they won the championship but were ineligible for promotion.
In February 2016, the 19-year-old Verdasca was called to the first team for the first time, for a UEFA Europa League match at Borussia Dortmund, but remained an unused substitute in the 2–0 away loss.

### Zaragoza

On 17 July 2017, Verdasca signed a three-year contract with Spanish Segunda División side Real Zaragoza. He was sent off on 9 December in the first half-hour of a 3–0 home defeat against Cádiz CF, for insulting the referee after receiving a yellow card.
Verdasca scored his first goal for them on 8 September 2018, in a 4–0 away rout of Real Oviedo.

### Beitar Jerusalem

Verdasca switched countries again on 21 August 2019, joining Beitar Jerusalem F.C. of the Israeli Premier League on a two-year deal with the option of a third. Just over a month after signing, his team won the Toto Cup with a 2–1 victory over Maccabi Haifa FC.
Verdasca was released in March 2021 for reasons within his contract that could not be made public. In an interview with Portuguese media, he said that the club from the Holy Land had unravelled following the removal of Yossi Benayoun as sporting director.

### Śląsk Wrocław

On 19 June 2021, Verdasca moved to the Polish Ekstraklasa with Śląsk Wrocław. He scored once from 46 games, in a 5–0 away win over Wisła Kraków on 23 October that year.
Verdasca left in July 2023.

### Mirandés

On 27 July 2023, Verdasca returned to Spain and its second division, after agreeing to a one-year contract at CD Mirandés. He ruptured the Achilles tendon of his left leg in his first training, being sidelined for the vast majority of his only season.

### Later career

On 18 September 2024, Azerbaijan Premier League side Kapaz PFK signed Verdasca on a one-year deal.

## Honours

Porto B
* LigaPro: 2015–16
Beitar Jerusalem
* Israeli Toto Cup: 2019–20
# Fly Creek (Oaks Creek tributary)

Fly Creek also known as Vlaie Creek, begins by the border of the Town of Otsego and Town of Springfield in Otsego County, New York. Fly Creek then travels south towards the hamlet of Fly Creek and converges with Oaks Creek south of the hamlet of Fly Creek. The Fly Creek Cider Mill and Orchard is located next to Fly Creek. The Mill gets power to make cider from the Fly Creek water flow and is the last remaining mill in the area. Fly Creek is also located partly within the Fly Creek Historic District.

## History

One theory to the name of the creek goes that as early as 1714 Dutch traders passed through the area traveling to Otsego Lake. The Dutch word for “marsh” is “vlie”. Fly Creek rises in a marsh to its north, so it is likely that those Dutchmen named the creek Vlie Creek which became known as Fly Creek today.
# Bill Conoulty

Thomas William Conoulty (1899 or 1901 – 1961) is an Australian automotive engineer, automobile manufacturer and automobile racer, who was active in the 1920s, 1930s and 1940s and who is lauded for his improved, high performance, sports designs of the, also, legendary, Austin 7. His technically remarkable high performance versions of the Austin 7 included the astounding ‘’’Musso’’’ or, as the Australian racing public preferred to refer to it, the Conoulty Special Austin Comet. Bill won numerous New South Wales, Australia Light Car Club Meets with this automobile, including a 1934 fastest time in Mountain Trials. Conoulty’s Sydney, Australia built Comet 65 roadster is also noteworthy.
Conoulty did not turn to automobiles, though, until 1927 and to competition automobile racing until 1929. Prior, thereto, he was, instead, famed as a motorcyclist and motorcycle racer. He set many Australian speed records on his 500 cc Douglas (motorcycles). In early 1923, Bill became the first person in New South Wales to attain a speed of 100 mph on a motorcycle. In 1925, he set a grass track record in Deagon, Queensland of 101.6 mph that stood for 18 years. In front of some 5000 spell bound spectators at Maroubra Speedway, he set a track record of 92.6 mph during a neck and neck race of 2 Australian leaders of an international assemblage of racers.
One of Conoulty’s novel and peculiar inventions was a tractor, powered by a gasoline fueled internal combustion engine, but, that could be used indoors without hazarding the carbon monoxide poisoning of a building’s inhabitants. Such a tractor was used in the late 1930s to haul a trolley of heavy soiled linen carts at the Royal Prince Alfred Hospital in Sydney, Australia. He also devised one of the earliest "Globe of death", where a modified Austin 7 and a Douglas motorcycle traveled in opposite directions.
# October 2024 Aitou airstrike

This page is subject to the extended confirmed restriction related to the Arab-Israeli conflict.
On 14 October 2024, the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) conducted an airstrike on the Maronite Christian town of Aitou in North Lebanon, as part of the 2024 Israeli invasion of Lebanon. The airstrike killed 22 Lebanese people, including 12 women and 2 children, and wounded 8. This was the first time Israel targeted the Christian-majority region of Zgharta. Lebanese sources have referred to it as a massacre.

## Background

Israel began a ground invasion of Lebanon on 1 October 2024. The Israeli airstrike on Aitou took place following the Hezbollah drone attack on an IDF military barracks in Binyamina the previous day, after which Israeli prime minister Benjamin Netanyahu vowed to continue striking Hezbollah "without mercy, everywhere in Lebanon – including Beirut".

## Airstrike

The Lebanese National News Agency reported that the Israeli airstrike targeted a residential apartment in Aitou. The airstrike severely damaged the building, destroyed several cars and caused a large fume of thick smoke to rise. The Lebanese Health Ministry reported that at least 21 Lebanese people were killed including 12 women and two children and 8 were wounded, and that DNA tests were being conducted to identify body parts.
Although Hezbollah is mainly present in southern Lebanon and the southern suburbs of Beirut, and has little to no presence in northern Lebanon, Israel claims to have targeted senior Hezbollah leader Ahmad Fakih. The mayor of Aitou, Joseph Trad, said the building had been rented to displaced families that fled the warfare in southern Lebanon.

## Reactions

The UN’s human rights office has called for an investigation into the strike. Spokesman Jeremy Laurence said the strike raised "real concerns" with respect to international humanitarian law.
# Google Sites

Google Sites is a structured wiki and web page creation tool included as part of the free, web-based Google Docs Editors suite offered by Google. The service includes Google Docs, Google Sheets, Google Slides, Google Drawings, Google Forms, and Google Keep. Google Sites is only available on the web.

## History

Google Sites started out as JotSpot, the name and sole product of a software company that offered enterprise social software. It was targeted mainly at small-sized and medium-sized businesses. The company was founded by Joe Kraus and Graham Spencer, co-founders of Excite.
In February 2006, JotSpot was named part of Business 2.0, "Next Net 25", and in May 2006, it was honored as one of InfoWorld's "15 Start-ups to Watch". In October 2006, JotSpot was acquired by Google. Google announced a prolonged data transition of webpages created using Google Page Creator (also known as "Google Pages") to Google Sites servers in 2007. On February 28, 2008, Google Sites was unveiled using the JotSpot technology. The service was free, but users needed a domain name, which Google offered for $10. However, as of May 21, 2008, Google Sites became available for free, separately from Google Apps, and without the need for a domain.
In June 2016, Google introduced a complete rebuild of the Google Sites platform, named the New Google Sites, along with transition schedule from Classic Google Sites. The new Google Sites does not use JotSpot technology.
In August 2020, the new Google Sites became the default option for website creation, while in November 2021, all websites made with classic Google Sites were archived.

## Censorship

Following a Turkish regional court ruling in 2009, all pages hosted on Google Sites were blocked in Turkey after it was alleged that one of the pages contained an insult of Turkey's founder, Mustafa Kemal Atatürk. In 2012, the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR) ruled the blockage a breach of Article 10 of the European Convention on Human Rights (Yildirim v Turkey, 2012). The blockage was lifted in 2014.
# Progressive Muslim League (West Bengal)

The Progressive Muslim League was a political party in West Bengal, India. The party emerged ahead of the 1969 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election. The party won three seats in the West Bengal Legislative Assembly; Nasiruddin Khan in Naoda, Ahammad Aktabuddin in Hariharpara and Harun-or-Rashid in Deganga. The party had contested 40 out of 280 seats in the election, obtaining 208,574 votes (1.56% of the state-wide vote). The party supported the United Front government in the state, without joining it.
In the 1971 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election, the PML fielded two candidates, none of whom was elected. The party obtained 13,821 votes (0.11%).
# Fly Creek (Schoharie Creek tributary)

Fly Creek is a river in Montgomery and Schoharie counties in the state of New York. It begins at an unnamed swamp north of Sloansville and flows into the Schoharie Creek south of Sloansville.

## Hydrology

Water in Fly Creek is moderately healthy with an excellent habitat for aquatic life. Due to low levels of urban and commercial development, large wetland areas, and several small private forests the water quality is very good.