OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# José Adolfo Macías Villamar

José Adolfo Macías Villamar (born 30 September 1979), also known by the alias Fito, is an Ecuadorian drug lord and the current leader of Los Choneros cartel. He assumed leadership in 2020 following the murder of his predecessor Jorge Luis Zambrano. He had been incarcerated since 2011, having previously escaped prison and lived as a fugitive in 2013. In January 2024, he escaped from prison again, prompting a state of emergency to be called in Ecuador for sixty days and initiating the 2024 conflict in Ecuador. He remains at large.

## Criminal career

Macías was first arrested in 2000 for committing robbery.
In 2011, he was arrested for drug trafficking and organized crime and was imprisoned in La Roca Prison. On 11 February 2013, he escaped along with 17 other members of Los Choneros. To carry out the escape, they immobilized fourteen prison guards and fled by boats on the Daule River. In May 2013, they were recaptured while at their own residence.
When Jorge Luis Zambrano, the previous leader of Los Choneros, was murdered in December 2020, Macías and Junior Roldán became the successors to the criminal syndicate. Three years later, Roldán was murdered, leaving Macías as the sole leader of Los Choneros. When Macías assumed leadership, many accused him of Zambrano's death to gain power in prison. This caused a rupture in Los Choneros, as some claimed Zambrano would never have a successor.
He was serving a sentence of thirty-four years in the Litoral Penitentiary for organized crime, drug trafficking, and murders.
He escaped from prison in January 2024, leading the government to declare a state of emergency. In response, criminal gangs launched several attacks against civilians and the police.
Before his escape, he exercised "significant internal control of the prison" where he was incarcerated. Fito and Junior Roldán, another leader of 'Los Choneros' who was killed in 2023 in Colombia, had "differentiated and preferential treatment by the authorities".

### Kidnapping of his daughter

On 17 November 2021, Macías's daughter was allegedly kidnapped along with her cousin. Later, on November 21, she was released and reported that the kidnapper did not harm or abuse them. It was revealed that the young women were kidnapped in the El Aromo area.
# Bryan Elsley

Bryan Elsley (born 17 May 1961 in Dalkeith, Midlothian) is a Scottish television writer, best known for the co-creation of E4 teen drama Skins with his son, Jamie Brittain. Other television dramas include Rose and Maloney, The Young Person's Guide to Becoming a Rock Star, The Crow Road, Dates, and Kiss Me First.

## Early life and education

Elsley attended Dalkeith High School before going on to read English and History at the Alcuin College, University of York in York, England, where he graduated with a B.A. in 1982.

## Career

While a student at the University of York, Elsley met and collaborated with Harry Enfield. They created a comedy duo, "Dusty and Dick", and performed a sell out show at the Edinburgh Festival Fringe.
Elsley took up a career in theatrical writing, and then pursued television writing after parting from Enfield. For three years, Elsley was artistic director of Pocket Theatre Cumbria, which was based at Kendal's Brewery Arts Centre. At that time he was living at Staveley, near Kendal, and also writing episodes for the TV series Casualty and London's Burning. These, along with his short film Govan Ghost Story (1989), opened up opportunities for other television writing. Elsley's big break came when he was commissioned by the BBC to adapt Iain Banks's novel The Crow Road for television.
On 18 March 2010, Elsey announced via the Skins blog that the final episode of series 4 was his last as a writer for the UK series, although Elsley did return to write the opening episode for series 6 in 2012. He executive produced Skins U.S. in 2011.

## Personal life

Elsley has five children and currently lives in Kentish Town, London.

## Film and television work

* The Crow Road (1996)
* The Young Person's Guide to Becoming a Rock Star (1998)
* Complicity (2000)
* Rose and Maloney (2002–2005)
* Skins (2007–2013)
* Skins U.S. (2011)
* Dates (2013)
* Clique (2016)
* Kiss Me First (2018)
# Hal Sherbeck

Harold Embret Sherbeck (March 16, 1928 — August 3, 2014) was an American football and baseball coach. He served as the head football coach at Fullerton College in Fullerton, California from 1961 to 1991, compiling a record of 241–70–8. His teams at Fullerton won three junior college national championships, in 1965, 1967, and 1983. Sherbeck was also the head baseball coach at the University of Montana from 1956 to 1961, tallying a mark of 46–69–1.
Sherbeck was born on March 16, 1928, in Paynesville, Minnesota. The child of Norwegian immigrants, he moved during his youth to Big Sandy, Montana. He died on August 3, 2014, in Temecula, California.

## Head coaching record
### Junior college football

| Year | Team | Overall | Conference | Standing | Bowl/playoffs |
| Fullerton Hornets (Eastern Conference) (1961–1967) ||||||
| 1961 | Fullerton | 6–4 | 5–2 | 3rd | L Orange Show Bowl |
| 1962 | Fullerton | 6–2–1 | 6–2–1 | 3rd | |
| 1963 | Fullerton | 3–5–1 | 3–5–1 | T–6th | |
| 1964 | Fullerton | 8–2 | 7–0 | 1st | W Potato Bowl |
| 1965 | Fullerton | 10–0 | 7–0 | 1st | W Junior Rose Bowl |
| 1966 | Fullerton | 9–0–1 | 7–0 | 1st | W Potato Bowl |
| 1967 | Fullerton | 12–0 | 8–0 | 1st | W California JC large division championship |
| Fullerton Hornets (South Coast Conference) (1968–1983) ||||||
| 1968 | Fullerton | 8–1 | 6–1 | 2nd | |
| 1969 | Fullerton | 10–2 | 5–1 | 1st | L California JC large division championship |
| 1970 | Fullerton | 11–1 | 6–0 | 1st | L California JC large division championship |
| 1971 | Fullerton | 5–4 | 4–2 | 3rd | |
| 1972 | Fullerton | 4–4–1 | 2–2–1 | 4th | |
| 1973 | Fullerton | 10–1 | 5–0 | 1st | L California JC large division semifinal |
| 1974 | Fullerton | 5–3–1 | 4–1 | T–1st | |
| 1975 | Fullerton | 7–2 | 5–1 | 2nd | |
| 1976 | Fullerton | 9–2 | 5–1 | 1st | W Avocado Bowl |
| 1977 | Fullerton | 10–1 | 6–0 | 1st | L Avocado Bowl |
| 1978 | Fullerton | 6–4 | 3–3 | T–3rd | |
| 1979 | Fullerton | 7–3 | 4–2 | 2nd | |
| 1980 | Fullerton | 7–4 | 5–1 | T–1st | W Avocado Bowl |
| 1981 | Fullerton | 9–1 | 5–1 | T–1st | |
| 1982 | Fullerton | 9–2 | 5–1 | 2nd | W Pony Bowl |
| 1983 | Fullerton | 10–0–1 | 5–0–1 | 1st | W Potato Bowl |
| Fullerton Hornets (Pac-9 Conference) (1984–1985) ||||||
| 1984 | Fullerton | 10–1 | 7–1 | T–1st | W Pony Bowl |
| 1985 | Fullerton | 8–3 | 7–1 | 1st | L Pony Bowl |
| Fullerton Hornets (South Coast Conference) (1986–1987) ||||||
| 1986 | Fullerton | 6–4 | 5–2 | T–2nd | |
| 1987 | Fullerton | 5–3–2 | 4–1–2 | 2nd | |
| Fullerton Hornets (Mission Conference) (1988–1991) ||||||
| 1988 | Fullerton | 10–1 | 5–0 | 1st (Central) | L Potato Bowl |
| 1989 | Fullerton | 6–4 | 3–2 | 3rd (Central) | |
| 1990 | Fullerton | 7–3 | 2–3 | T–4th (Central) | |
| 1991 | Fullerton | 8–3 | 7–2 / 3–2 | T–2nd (Central) | W Potato Bowl |
| Fullerton: | Fullerton: | 241–70–8 | 158–38–6 | | |
| Total: | Total: | 241–70–8 | | | |
| National championship  Conference title  Conference division title or championship game berth ||||||
# Bachelor of Dance

A Bachelor of Dance, often abbreviated as B.Dance, BFA (Dance), BCA (Dance), BDanceEd, or BA (Dance), is an undergraduate academic degree awarded by a college, university, or conservatory upon completion of a program of study in dance.
Students interested in pursuing a professional career in dance can apply for a BA or BFA Dance program.

## Application Requirements

In addition to submitting the application, dancers will have to provide proof of their dance experience, and in most cases, participate in an in-person audition.
Long Island University's BFA program requires undergraduate applicants to have a minimum GPA of 3.0.
In Australia, the Bachelor of Dance is offered at the following universities under different names:
* University of New South Wales - Bachelor of Arts (Dance Studies); Bachelor of Arts (Dance)/Bachelor of Education.
* Macquarie University - Bachelor of Arts (majoring in Dance).
* Queensland University of Technology - Bachelor of Fine Arts (Dance Performance).
* TAFE South Australia - Bachelor of Dance Performance.
* University of Melbourne (through the Victorian College of the Arts) - Bachelor of Fine Arts (Dance); Master of Fine Arts (Dance); Master of Choreography.
* Academy of Music and Performing Arts - Bachelor of Dance; Associate of Dance (Sydney).
* Deakin University - Bachelor of Arts (Dance), can be combined with a Bachelor of Science, Bachelor of Teaching (Secondary), or Bachelor of Laws.
* Edith Cowan University (through the Western Australian Academy of Performing Arts) - Bachelor of Arts (Dance); Advanced Diploma of Performing Arts (Dance).

## List of Universities Offering a Bachelor of Dance in The United States

| University | City | State | Type | Degree(s) |
| University of Oklahoma | Norman | OK | Public | Ballet Pedagogy, B.F.A. Ballet Performance, B.F.A Modern Performance, B.F.A Dance History Minor Master of Fine Arts in Dance |
| Butler University | Indianapolis | IN | Private | Dance Pedagogy, B.A. Arts Administration, B.S. Dance Performance, B.F.A |
| University of Utah | Salt Lake City | UT | Public | Ballet, B.F.A. Modern Dance, B.F.A. Modern Dance Teaching, B.F.A. Modern Dance Minor Master of Fine Arts in Ballet Master of Fine Arts in Modern |
| University of California, Irvine | Irvine | CA | Public | Dance, B.A. Dance Performance, B.F.A. Choreography, B.F.A Dance Minor Master of Fine Arts in Dance |
| New York University | New York City | NY | Private | Dance, B.F.A. Master of Arts in Teaching Dance Master of Arts in Teaching Dance in the Professions Master of Arts in Teaching Dance in the Professions: ABT Pedagogy Master of Arts in Teaching Dance in the Professions: Dances of the African Diaspora |
| University of Southern California | Los Angeles | CA | Private | Dance, B.F.A. Dance Minor Hip-Hop, Street, and Social Dance Forms Minor Choreography for Screen and Stage Minor Dance in Entertainment Minor |
| Fordham University | New York City | NY | Private | Dance, B.F.A |
# Lai Chi Shan

Lai Chi Shan (Chinese: 荔枝山) is a village in Tai Po District, Hong Kong.

## Administration

Lai Chi Shan is a recognised village under the New Territories Small House Policy. It is one of the villages represented within the Tai Po Rural Committee. For electoral purposes, Lai Chi Shan is part of the Tai Po Kau constituency, which is currently represented by Patrick Mo Ka-chun.

## History

At the time of the 1911 census, the population of Lai Chi Shan was 97. The number of males was 40.
# Taximeter

A taximeter or fare meter is a mechanical or electronic device installed in taxicabs and auto rickshaws that calculates passenger fares based on a combination of distance travelled and waiting time. Its shortened form, "taxi", is also a metonym for the hired cars that use them.

## History

The modern taximeter was invented by German Friedrich Wilhelm Gustav Bruhn in 1891, and the Daimler Victoria—the world's first meter-equipped (and gasoline-powered) taxicab—was built by Gottlieb Daimler in 1897.
Taximeters were originally mechanical and mounted outside the cab, above the driver's side front wheel. Meters were soon relocated inside the taxi, and in the 1980s electronic meters were introduced.

## k constant

Constant expressed in pulses per kilometre which represents the number of pulses the taximeter must receive in order to correctly indicate a distance traveled of one kilometre.

## Functioning

Taximeters, when they are installed to the taxis, require adjustment of k constant. During the movement, car generates signal which transmitted to the taximeter. Number of signals transmitted per k constant ratio results distance travelled. Within pre-installed tariff values and travel data are multiplied and fare is calculated.

## Accessories and features

Taximeters can include several accessories, or act as components in larger dispatching/control systems. Features include:
* Ticket/receipt printer.
* Fraud control and prevention (on the part of the owner or operator), through the impression of control tickets or computer monitoring. Additionally, taximeters are often visually sealed by a municipal weights and scales authority after initial calibration.
* Radio communication, allowing trip status to be monitored by a dispatcher or supervisor.
* Dispatching of trip assignments through radio or data systems.
* Interaction with GPS systems to assist with dispatching and to provide security.
* Seat sensors that detect the presence of a passenger (to prevent a cab from carrying fares without activating the taximeter).
* Credit or prepaid card support.
* Bluetooth support for communication with smartphones or tablets.
* USB support for setup, diagnostics, and connectivity to the vehicle computer.

## Work cycle

During normal operation, taximeters repeat cyclically through several stages:
* Free (or For Hire in the UK): The taxicab is empty and available for hire. The luminous sign, if present, is switched on.
* Occupied (or Hired): The taximeter enters in this stage at the start of the trip and the "Free" sign is switched off. In this stage the running fare and the present tariff are displayed. Additional information that can be displayed in this mode includes extras (e.g. credits for luggage), present time, speed, etc.
* To Pay (or Stopped in the UK): At the end of the trip, the driver enters this stage to collect payment, make change, and optionally print a receipt. The exterior roof light may also blink to alert potential passengers that the taxi will soon be available.
# Macula of saccule

The saccule is the smaller sized vestibular sac (the utricle being the other larger size vestibular sac); it is globular in form, and lies in the recessus sphæricus near the opening of the scala vestibuli of the cochlea. Its anterior part exhibits an oval thickening, the macula of saccule (or saccular macula), to which are distributed the saccular filaments of the acoustic nerve.
The vestibule is a region of the inner ear which contains the saccule and the utricle, each of which contain a macula to detect linear acceleration. Its function is to detect vertical linear acceleration.
The macula of saccule lies in a nearly vertical position. It is a 2mm by 3mm patch of hair cells. Each hair cell of the macula contains 40 to 70 stereocilia and one true cilia, called a kinocilium. A gelatinous cover called the otolithic membrane envelops the tips of the stereocilia and kinocilium. The otolithic membrane is weighted with small densely packed protein-calcium carbonate granules called statoconica.
The macula of the utricle is in a horizontal position and detects horizontal acceleration. The coordinated sensory perception of acceleration both vertically and horizontally along the vestibular nerve, allow for the perception of linear acceleration in any direction.
In vertical linear acceleration, the weighted otolithic membrane lags behind the stereocilia and kinocilium. This bends the stereocilia, which is interpreted by the brain as vertical linear acceleration.
# SLO

SLO, or Slo, may refer to:

## Places

* San Luis Obispo, a city in the state of California, US
* San Luis Obispo County, a county in the state of California, US
* San Luis Obispo Coast / SLO Coast viticultural area in San Luis Obispo County, California, US
* Slovenia's vehicle registration code

## Medicine

* Scanning laser ophthalmoscopy, an eye examination method
* Secondary lymphoid organ, for example a lymph node or spleen
* Streptolysin O, exotoxin produced by streptococci

## Transport

* Salem–Leckrone Airport (IATA code), Illinois, US
* Slough railway station (National Rail code), in the county of Berkshire, UK
* SLO Transit, a provider of mass transportation in San Luis Obispo, California, US
* Solo Balapan railway station, a railway station in Indonesia (station code)

## Other uses

* Service-level objective, of a customer agreement
* SLO, a music album by Jess Mills
* Slovakia, UNDP country code
* Slovenia, IOC country code
* Student Learning Objectives, an assessment tool used by teachers
* Supporter liaison officer, of a sports club
# Rugby Group

The Rugby Group is a group of 18 British public schools. The group was formed in the 1960s as an association of major boarding schools within the Headmasters' and Headmistresses' Conference. As with the Eton Group, which was formed a few years later, headmasters and heads of the academic departments meet annually in rotation to discuss matters of common interest.
The schools in the group are:
* Bradfield College
* Charterhouse School
* Cheltenham College
* Clifton College
* Haileybury College
* Harrow School
* Malvern College
* Monkton Combe School
* Oundle School
* Radley College
* Repton School
* Rugby School
* St Edward's School, Oxford
* Shrewsbury School
* Stowe School
* Uppingham School
* Wellington College, Berkshire
* Winchester College
Five of the Rugby Group, Charterhouse School, Harrow School, Winchester College, Rugby School and Shrewsbury School, were part of the group of nine schools investigated by the Clarendon Commission of 1864 and were subsequently reformed by the Public Schools Act 1868 (together with Eton College and Westminster School). The other Clarendon schools (Eton College, St Paul's School, Merchant Taylors' School and Westminster School) have other affiliations.
In 2003, as part of a wider investigation into alleged fee fixing at UK independent schools, the Office of Fair Trading published an e-mail exchange between the bursars of Rugby Group schools containing detailed information about planned fee levels at each of the schools. The case was settled in 2006, with 50 schools admitting that such exchange of information "involved a distortion of competition and infringed competition law", but not admitting to any effect on fees. The schools each paid a £10,000 penalty, and agreed to make ex gratia payments totalling £3 million to a trust to benefit pupils attending the schools in the relevant years.
# Franz Josef von Hallwyl

Franz Josef von Hallwyl, born 1719 in from Solothurn, son of lieutenant-colonel Abraham Gabriel von Hallwyl and Anna Franziska de Tayac, dead 1785 in Colmar, France, was a Swiss officer, marechal de camp in French service, colonel-proprietor of the Swiss regiment de Karrer. He married Marie Therese de Mydorge in 1757. He was rewarded multiple times, becoming a knight of the Order of Saint Louis in 1745 for meritorious service in the battle of Fontenoy, a knight of the Polish Order of the White Eagle 1777 and a French count.
In 1733 Hallwyl became a cadet in the French regiment of horse, Royal Piemont; promoted to ensign in the Gardes Suisses 1740 he participated in the War of the Austrian Succession in Italy, Flanders and Germany. Becoming colonel-proprietor of the Régiment de Karrer in 1752, which henceforth was known under the name de Hallwyl, he remained with the colonel's company at the depot in Rochefort while the rest of the regiment was stationed overseas. When his regiment was disbanded in 1763 he received an annual pension of 20,000 livres from the French Crown. He commanded Colmar from 1782 until his death.
# PS Ripon

The PS Ripon was a paddlesteamer built at Money Wigram's Blackwall Yard in 1846 for P&O.

## Operational history

On 12 October 1847, the maiden voyage of the Ripon to Malta and Alexandria was abandoned due to gale-force winds. The ship put into Torbay in order to repair damage it had sustained.
In 1850, Ripon brought Prime Minister Jung Bahadur Rana of Nepal and his entourage to the UK, docking at the port of Southampton on 25 May 1850. A large collection of wild animals was also carried aboard the Ripon including the first hippopotamus seen in England since Roman times, which became known as the Regent's Park Hippo.
The Ripon was requisitioned in 1854 for use in the Crimean War along with 11 other Peninsular and Oriental ships. In 1857, it was reported in Scientific American that the Ripon was to be fitted with a propeller. In 1864 the PS Ripon brought Italian General Giuseppe Garibaldi to the United Kingdom for a meeting with Prime Minister Henry Palmerston. Three years later in 1870 the engines of the Ripon were sold and the vessel was converted into a brig for Caird & Co in Greenock.
In 1880, after serving as a hulk in Trinidad and Tobago, the Ripon was scuttled at sea near Port of Spain.
# Martin Aliker

Martin Jerome Okec Aliker (21 October 1928 – 15 April 2024) was a Ugandan dental surgeon, businessman, and community leader. He was a senior adviser to the President of Uganda and sat on the board of directors of nearly forty Ugandan companies. He was the chancellor of Victoria University Uganda, a private institution. From 2004 until 2014, he served as the founding chancellor of Gulu University, a public university.

## Background and education

Aliker was born in Gulu District on 21 October 1928 to Rwot Lacito Okech and Julaina Auma, a daughter of Musa Ali, the first ordained Anglican priest in the region of the Acholi. He attended Gulu High School for his primary education, before transferring to Kings College Budo for his O-Level studies. In 1948, he was admitted to Makerere University, the oldest public university in East Africa. Before he could complete his studies at Makerere, he won a scholarship to Northwestern University, in Chicago, Illinois, United States, where he studied political science, graduating with a Bachelor of Arts degree. Following that, he was awarded a Fulbright Scholarship to study dental surgery, also at Northwestern, graduating with a Doctor of Dental Surgery. Later, he was awarded the title of Fellow of the Royal College of Surgeons by the Royal College of Surgeons of England.

## Lifestyle

After his doctorate studies in the United States, Aliker returned to Uganda and took up employment as a government dental surgeon. Later, he left the public service and set up the first private dental practice in Uganda owned by an African.
In 1971, when Idi Amin captured power in a coup d'état, his residence shared the back wall with Aliker's house. Amin's security people ordered him to move away from his home because he was deemed a security risk to Amin.
In late 1972, he fled to Nairobi, Kenya because of the deteriorating security situation in Uganda. While in Nairobi, he set up a lucrative dental practice, staying there until 1998, when he came back to Uganda. On his return, he was able to repossess his home.

## Investments

Starting in the 1960s, Aliker began buying shares in blue chip companies, including the Uganda Commercial Bank and the National Insurance Company. As of October 2014, Aliker was a shareholder in the following publicly traded Ugandan companies, among others: Stanbic Bank Uganda; Uganda Clays Limited; Nation Media Group; National Insurance Corporation; East African Breweries. He sat on the boards of many of these companies and was the chairman of Uganda Clays Limited.

## Other responsibilities

Aliker sat on the Actis East African Advisory Board, launched by Actis, the private equity firm affiliated with the Commonwealth Development Corporation. In July 2014, he was appointed chairman of the board of trustees of the Makerere University Endowment Fund.

## Death

Aliker died on 15 April 2024, at the age of 95.