OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Planning permission

Planning permission or building permit refers to the approval needed for construction or expansion (including significant renovation), and sometimes for demolition, in some jurisdictions.
House building permits, for example, are subject to building codes. There is also a "plan check" (PLCK) to check compliance with plans for the area, if any. For example, one cannot obtain permission to build a nightclub in an area where it is inappropriate such as a high-density suburb. The criteria for planning permission are a part of urban planning and construction law, and are usually managed by town planners employed by local governments.
Failure to obtain a permit can result in fines, penalties, and demolition of unauthorized construction if it cannot be made to meet code. Generally, the new construction must be inspected during construction and after completion to ensure compliance with national, regional, and local building codes. Since building permits usually precede outlays for construction, employment, financing and furnishings, they are often used as a leading indicator for developments in other areas of the economy.
The number of building permits issued per year varies by country. By-right approval processes can be faster than discretionary approval processes.

## In specific industries
### Broadcasting

As part of broadcast law, the term is also used in broadcasting, where individual radio and television stations typically must apply for and receive permission to construct radio towers and radio antennas. This type of permit is issued by a national broadcasting authority, but does not imply zoning any other permission that must be given by local government. The permit itself also does not necessarily imply permission to operate the station once constructed. In the U.S., a construction permit is valid for three years. Afterwards, the station must receive a full license to operate, which is good for seven years. This is provided by a separate broadcast license, also called a "license to cover" by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) in the United States. Further permission or registration for towers may be needed from aviation authorities.
In the U.S., construction permits for new commercial stations are now assigned by auction, rather than the former process of determining who would serve the community of license best. If the given frequency allocation is sought by at least one non-commercial educational (NCE) applicant, or is on an NCE-reserved TV channel or in the FM reserved band, the comparative process still takes place, though the FCC refuses to consider which radio format the applicants propose.
In Canada, the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission maintains a comparative process in issuing permits, ensuring that a variety of programming is available in each area, and that as many groups as possible have access to free speech over radio waves.
# 1886 Yale Bulldogs football team

The 1886 Yale Bulldogs football team was an American football team that represented Yale University as a member of the Intercollegiate Football Association (IFA) during the 1886 college football season. The team finished with a 9–0–1 record, shut out nine of ten opponents, and outscored all opponents by a total of 687 to 4. Robert Corwin was the team captain.
There was no contemporaneous system in 1887 for determining a national champion. However, Yale was retroactively named as the national champion by the Helms Athletic Foundation and National Championship Foundation and a co-national champion by Parke H. Davis.
On Thanksgiving Day in Princeton, New Jersey, undefeated teams from Yale and Princeton met. The game started late due to the absence of a referee, and heavy rain caused the game to be called on account of darkness with Yale leading 4–0 in the second half. Under the rules of the time, the game was declared "no contest" by the substitute referee, and the final score was declared to be 0–0. After a special meeting of the Intercollegiate Football Association held to review the game, the Association issued a two-part resolution: that (1) Yale should have been acknowledged the winner, but that (2) under their existing rules, the Association did not have the authority to award the game to them.

## Schedule

| Date | Time | Opponent | Site | Result | Attendance |
| October 6 | | Wesleyan | Yale FieldNew Haven, CT | W 75–0 | |
| October 9 | | at Wesleyan | Middletown, CT | W 62–0 | |
| October 16 | | MIT | Yale FieldNew Haven, CT | W 96–0 | |
| October 20 | | at Stevens | Hoboken, NJ | W 54–0 | |
| October 23 | | at Williams | Williamstown, MA | W 76–0 | |
| October 30 | | Wesleyan | Yale FieldNew Haven, CT | W 136–0 | |
| November 2 | | at Crescent Athletic Club | Polo GroundsNew York, NY | W 82–0 | |
| November 13 | | Penn | Yale FieldNew Haven, CT | W 75–0 | |
| November 20 | 2:30 p.m. | at Harvard | Jarvis FieldCambridge, MA (rivalry) | W 29–4 | > 6,000 |
| November 25 | 3:30 p.m. | at Princeton | Princeton, NJ (rivalry) | T 0–0 | > 6,000 |

## Roster

* Harry Beecher, QB
* James J. Buchanan
* William T. Bull, FB
* Edward L. Burke
* George R. Carter
* William Herbert Corbin, C
* Robert N. Corwin
* Charles O. Gill
* Robert F. Griggs
* Samuel B. Morison, HB
* Francis C. Pratt, FB
* Henry S. Robinson
* Amos Alonzo Stagg
* Horatio N. Strait
* Frederick W. Wallace
* George A. Watkinson, HB
* George Washington Woodruff
* William Wurtenburg, HB
# Fritz L'Allemand

Friedrich Wilhelm L'Allemand, known as Fritz (24 May 1812, Hanau - 20 September 1866, Vienna) was an Austrian history painter.

## Biography

He came from a family of artists. His grandfather, Konrad Marcus Christian L'Allemand (1752-1830) was a well known engraver, as was his father, Siegmund Wilhelm Christoph L'Allemand (1774–1856). His eldest brother, Conrad [de] worked as a medallist in Frankfurt am Main and Hannover. His other brother, Thaddäus (1810–1872) was an engraver in Vienna.
In 1826, his family moved to Vienna, where he attended school. From 1827, he studied at the Academy of Fine Arts with Josef Klieber and Joseph von Führich. He received support from the history painter, Johann Peter Krafft, who was also originally from Hanau. He had his first public showing in 1835, and worked in the studios of Friedrich Schilcher until 1838.
In 1848, he became an advising member of the Academy. He married Maria Anna Brunner in 1849. They had two sons who died as children. In 1861, he joined the Vienna Künstlerhaus.
At first, he focused on portraits and genre scenes, but later turned to painting battles; some generic, some historic. Over time, he favored motifs from the War of the Fifth Coalition (1809), the Austrian Revolutions (1848), and the Second Schleswig War (1864). These scenes found an enthusiastic patron in Kaiser Franz Joseph I. He also illustrated books of military uniforms.
His nephew, Siegmund L'Allemand, was a military painter as well, and received some of his first lessons from him. Many of his works are in the Museum of Military History. Some may be seen at Schönbrunn Palace.

## Sources

* Constantin von Wurzbach: "L'Allemand, Friedrich." In: Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich (Biographical Lexicon of the Empire of Austria). Part 14 Kaiserlich-königliche Hof- und Staatsdruckerei, Vienna 1865, p. 13–16 (digitalised).
* Karl Weiß (1883). "L'Allemand, Fritz". Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (in German). Vol. 17. Leipzig: Duncker & Humblot. pp. 530–531.
* Karl Siebert: "Hanauer Biographien aus drei Jahrhunderten", In: Hanauer Geschichtsverein 1844, 1919, pp.116–118
* Schöny: "L'Allemand Friedrich (Fritz)". In: Österreichisches Biographisches Lexikon 1815–1950 (ÖBL). Vol. 4, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna 1969, p. 408.
* Heinz Schöny (1982). "L'Allemand, Friedrich Wilhelm". Neue Deutsche Biographie (in German). Vol. 13. Berlin: Duncker & Humblot. pp. 424–425. (full text online).
# Pseudo-Gnosticism

Pseudo-Gnosticism is a term used for groups which have been labelled Gnostic, either by their contemporaries or modern historians even when the accuracy of this label is questionable. Examples include some ancient groups like the Thomasines or the Bardaisanites, but more often refer to medieval sects wrongly accused of Gnosticism by other Christian authorities such as the Paulicians or according to some, the mainstream Cathars.
Similar accusations occurred during the Christianisation of Ireland and the Baltic Crusade, when the Roman Catholic Church would accuse these of worshipping gods from Roman Paganism.
# Jönköping Concert Hall

The Jönköping Concert Hall (Swedish: Jönköpings konserthus) is a concert hall in Jönköping, Sweden. It was opened in September 1990.
There are two halls, the Hammaskjöld Hall (Swedish: Hammaskjöldsalen) and the Rydberg Hall (Swedish: Rydbergssalen).
# Starter (comics)

Starter is a Franco-Belgian comics series created by André Franquin (drawings) and Jidéhem (drawings and scripts) in Spirou.

## History

It originated in from a similarly titled periodical column about automobiles, written by Jacques Wauters in Spirou from 1952 on. In 1956 André Franquin started illustrating these columns and drew a little mechanic named Starter. One year later, his workload for the magazine had become massive, and he left the illustration work to Jidéhem, who had a notable talent for drawing automobiles. Jidéhem wrote and drew the column until 1978. Starter collected more than 700 episodes, full with beautiful technical drawings and technologically correct information.
The column was originally just text, with a few illustrations. Eventually it evolved into an adventure comic around Starter the mechanic. One of the side characters, Sophie, was introduced in 1964 and would eventually receive her own spin-off named Sophie.
Since, several books have been published with info and art from the Starter Columns.

## Albums
### Original series

* La Révolte des Autos (1959)
* Histoire de l'Automobile (1960)
* Starter Auto 1963 (1962)
* Starter contre les Casseurs (1983)

### Collection series

* 60 Voitures des Années 60 (1990)
* 60 Sportives de Starter (1992)
* 60 Populaires de Starter (2013)
* 60 Chroniques Insolites (2014)
* 60 Voitures Historiques (2017)
# Terrence Dixon

Terrence Dixon, also known under the alias Population One, is an American techno producer and DJ based in Detroit, Michigan. He is known for his minimal techno sound. He has released on numerous record labels including Tresor and Metroplex. In 2014, Dixon announced his retirement from making music, but currently continues to release music.
Dixon maintains a low profile and is "not into interviews." He stated that his music comes from his surroundings and his own personal life, and also cited Teddy Pendergrass, The O'Jays, Mantronix and Jimi Hendrix as some of his biggest musical influences. Dixon makes use of a Roland MC-303 groovebox.

## Musical career

Dixon started producing acid in the early ‘90s. He debuted in 1994 and subsequently released several records on Utensil Records, a label ran by Claude Young. He released two Population One records on Metroplex in the second half of the 90s. Dixon was also involved in the production of Juan Atkins’ Skynet album.
In 2000, he released his debut album From The Far Future on Tresor. Dixon explains: “'From The Far Future' is all about respecting those who came before me, respecting the art of pure Techno, taking bits and pieces of what's old and making it new once again.” The album was reissued in 2016 with two previously unreleased tracks.
Since 2007, Dixon has put out a large number of music on various record labels, including re-releases of older tracks and numerous compilation appearances. He also released several albums, such as the sequel to From The Far Future and Theater Of A Confused Mind as Population One. He launched his own Reduction label in 2013.
# David Müller (footballer, born 1991)

David Müller (born 1 November 1991) is a German footballer who plays as a midfielder for TSG Backnang 1919.

## Career

On 20 April 2011 Müller had his debut for VfB Stuttgart II in the 3. Liga against Kickers Offenbach. Four days later he scored his first goal in the 3. Liga against Rot Weiss Ahlen.
On 1 January 2012 Müller moved to FC Schalke 04 II.
# Andrea Cornaro (historian)

Andrea Cornaro (1547 – c. 1616) or Andreas Kornaros (Greek: Ανδρέας Κορνάρος) was a Venetian aristocrat, historian and author.

## Personal life

Cornaro was a Venetian aristocrat born in Trapezonta Sitia on the island of Crete. He was the son of Giaccomo Cornaro and Issaveta (Zampia) Demezo and the brother of Vincenzo Cornaro. He was married twice, first to Carnarola Zen until her death, and then to Anezina Zen.

## Career

He served as a commander in a galley naval ship and at the age of 24, he participated in the battle of Lepanto with his galley Cristo.
His fiefdom included the villages of Voni, Zofori and Thrapsano in today's prefecture of Heraklion.
In 1591 he founded the Philological Academy of the Weird (L' Accademia degli Stravaganti) in Candia (now Heraklion). He wrote hundreds of poems in Italian. He also wrote History of Crete (Historia Candiana). These works were saved but never printed.
He died in 1616, at the age of 69. His burial took place in the monastery of Saint Francisco in Candia.
# William Courtleigh

William Louis Courtleigh (28 June 1867 – 27 December 1930) was a Canadian-American stage and film actor who appeared in Broadway productions, vaudeville theatre, and silent films.
Courtleigh was born June 28, 1867, in Guelph, Ontario, Canada to Stephen and Elizabeth (Phelan) Courtleigh. At the age of three his family moved to St. Louis, Missouri, where he was raised and educated. While studying law at Washington University he became a member of the St. Louis-based McCullough Club, an amateur dramatic organization, and attracted attention as an amateur actor. He made his first appearance on the stage in 1889, in Brother and Sister, under the management of John Dillon. After a season with Dillon's company, he joined the company of Fanny Davenport and played the roles of Jean de Sereux in Fedora, and Thyseno in Cleopatra. He had an important part in La Tosca, and it was in Davenport's company that he first appeared on Broadway, New York.
His next engagement was with Augustin Daly's stock company, appearing with that organization in The Taming of the Shrew and The Foresters with Ada Rehan. He succeeded Robert Hilliard as the hero of Blue Jeans, played the leading role in In Old Kentucky, and was leading man for Helen Dauvray in "That Sister of His" in succession, and then played in the principal role in The District Attorney.
With the company of Margaret Mather and E.J. Henley he played Posthumus in Cymbeline, Romeo to Mather's Juliet, Rudolph in Leah, and Orlando in As You Like It. After appearing in the title role in The Man of Honor, he was engaged by Daniel Frohman for the Lyceum Theatre Stock Company. He first appeared at the Lyceum in The Princess and the Butterfly, and when James K. Hackett became ill Courtleigh took his place in the leading role. In the summers of 1904 and 1905 he headed New England stock companies (Providence, Rhode Island and Boston, Massachusetts). In 1906, after being featured in the unsuccessful The Redemption of David Corson and playing Charles Hawtrey's role in The Lucky Miss Dean, he went into vaudeville with R. C. MacCulloch's one-act play, The Third Degree, in which Courtleigh played eight different roles. In the season of 1907-1908 he played Peaches, by George V. Hobart, in vaudeville.
Courtleigh married stage actress Helen Cross on March 17, 1890, and they had a son, William Courtleigh Jr., who also became an actor. Cross died in 1908, and on May 12, 1912, Courtleigh married Edna Lillian Conroy (June 28, 1885 – July 25, 1962), an actress. They had four sons together, of whom two, Stephen and Robert, became actors as well. Courtleigh was a member of The Lambs and served as Shepherd (president) from 1913 to 1917, succeeding Joseph R. Grismer. He is credited with naming the Actors' Equity Association.
Courtleigh died at his home in Rye, New York, on December 27, 1930, after suffering from acute indigestion.

## Filmography

* The Nightingale (1914)
* The Birth of Character (1916)
* Eyes of Youth (1919)
* Pollyanna (1920)
* Moon Madness (1920)
* Madame X (1920)
* Handle with Care (1922)
* Any Night (1922)
* Midnight (1922)
* Ashes (1922)
# Oh! Youngsim

Oh! Youngsim (Korean: 오! 영심이) is a 2023 South Korean television series starring Song Ha-yoon in the title role, along with Lee Donghae, Lee Min-jae, and Jung Woo-yeon. It is based on the characters of the 1990 Korean animated movie titled Yeongsimi, which was an adaptation of the 1988 manhwa of the same name created by Bae Geum-taek. The series is an original drama of Genie TV, and is available for streaming on its platform, and on Viki and Viu in selected regions. It also aired on ENA from May 15 to June 13, 2023, every Monday and Tuesday at 22:00 (KST).

## Synopsis

Oh Young-sim and Wang Kyung-tae, childhood friends who taste the sweetness and bitterness of life as they enter their 30s, accidentally reunite after twenty years and develop a bickering romance.

## Cast
### Main

* Song Ha-yoon as Oh Young-sim: an entertainment production director for eight years.
* Lee Donghae as Wang Kyung-tae (Mark Wang): CEO of the popular startup company Kingvely.
* Lee Min-jae as Lee Chae-dong: Young-sim's junior colleague who has a secret crush on her.
* Ryu Hyo-young as Gu Wol-sook: Young-sim's childhood friend who is a beauty YouTuber.

### Supporting

* Song Young-jae as Oh Dae-gwang: Young-sim's father who silently supports her.
* Wang Ji-hye as Oh Jin-sim: Young-sim's older sister.
* Tony Ahn as Lee Woo-sang: Young-sim's brother-in-law.
* Ga Young as Oh Soon-sim: Young-sim's younger sister.
* Jo Yoo-ha as Lee Ji-yoo: Young-sim's niece.
* Lee Do-yeop as Heo Gil-dong: broadcasting director of the entertainment department.
* Moon Jeong-ki as Jang-hwan: a junior production director.
* Lami as Sang-eun: Young-sim's junior colleague who is also a production director.

### Extended

* Heo Ga-yoon as Yeo-wool
* Song Jae-ha as Ki-ho
* Eom Chae-young

### Special appearance

* Hyungwon as Han Yo-han

## Production

Filming of the series had completed by October 2022.

## Original soundtrack

Part 1
Part 2
Part 3
Part 4
Part 5
Part 6
Part 7

## Ratings

Average TV viewership ratings (nationwide) :
| Ep. | Original broadcast date | Average audience share (Nielsen Korea) |
| 1 | May 15, 2023 | 0.647% (39th) |
| 2 | May 16, 2023 | 0.386% (78th) |
| 3 | May 22, 2023 | 0.282% (128th) |
| 4 | May 23, 2023 | 0.390% (74th) |
| 5 | May 29, 2023 | N/A |
| 6 | May 30, 2023 | 0.218% (188th) |
| 7 | June 5, 2023 | 0.191% (238th) |
| 8 | June 6, 2023 | N/A |
| 9 | June 12, 2023 | 0.173% (270th) |
| 10 | June 13, 2023 | 0.185% (245th) |
| Average | Average | 0.309% |
| In the table above, the blue numbers represent the lowest ratings and the red numbers represent the highest ratings. N/A denotes ratings that were not published. This series aired on a cable channel/pay TV which normally has a relatively smaller audience compared to free-to-air TV/public broadcasters (KBS, SBS, MBC and EBS). |||
# Jörg-Wolfgang Jahn

Jörg-Wolfgang Jahn (born 1936) is a German violinist and music educator.

## Life

Born in Saalfeld, Jahn studied violin in Cologne with Max Rostal. He also took chamber music lessons with Maurits Frank, Günter Kehr, János Starker and the members of the Quartetto Italiano. He also took part to the Bundesauswahl Konzerte Junger Künstler [de]. In 1963, he received a first prize at the Felix Mendelssohn Bartholdy Prize (piano trio).
Since 1968 Jahn was a lecturer and from 1972 to 2001 professor for violin and chamber music at the Hochschule für Musik Karlsruhe, where he was responsible for chamber music and for the chamber orchestra of the university. He gave master classes in Europe and oversea as well as chamber music courses in Germany and abroad. Among his students were Isabel Charisius, Cordelia Palm, Anton Steck, Xaver Paul Thoma, Tianwa Yang and in the field of chamber music the Fauré Quartet and the Mandelring Quartet, among others.
His artistic activity consists of concertmaster activities in chamber and symphony orchestras. He is a member of the Bartholdy-Quartet (founded in 1968). Jahn has participated in television, film, radio and recordings, including the complete recording of the string quartets of Felix Mendelssohn Bartholdy.

## Awards

* Grand Prix du Disque
* Deutscher Schallplattenpreis for the complete recording (1973) of the string quartets by Felix Mendelssohn Bartholdy
# Doncaster–Lincoln line

vteDoncaster–Lincoln line :
Legend :
The Doncaster–Lincoln line is a railway line in England. It runs from the East Coast Main Line at Doncaster south east to Lincoln.
Services on the line are provided by East Midlands Railway and Northern, with a few continuing through Lincoln to the Peterborough–Lincoln line.
The towns and villages served by the route are listed below.
* Doncaster
* Gainsborough
* Saxilby
* Lincoln
The line is part of the former Great Northern and Great Eastern Joint Railway.
Between Doncaster and Gainsborough the line passes between Finningley and Blaxton. There used to be a station at this point and as this is the site of the new Robin Hood Airport Doncaster Sheffield, there has been discussion about constructing a new station to serve the airport. Planning permission for a station was granted in 2008, but no construction work was ever started.
# Maximilian Dallinger

Maximilian Dallinger (born 25 September 1996) is a German sport shooter.
Part of the national team since 2014. Professional sport shooter since 2015. Completion of the apprenticeship to become police officer in 2020. He participated at the 2018 ISSF World Shooting Championships, winning a gold medal.
# Bruce Flowers

Bruce Flowers (born June 13, 1957) is an American former professional basketball player. At a height of 2.04 m (6 ft 8 1⁄2 in) tall, he played as a power forward. Flowers is one of the few American players to have won all three of the different major European titles during his playing era, meaning the EuroLeague, as well as the now defunct FIBA Saporta Cup and FIBA Korać Cup competitions.

## Professional career
### NBA

Flowers was drafted 26th overall by the Cleveland Cavaliers in the 1979 NBA draft, but only appeared in one NBA season.

### Europe

Starting his European pro career in Cantù, he helped them win both the Italian League championship and the 1980–81 FIBA Saporta Cup. Flowers would add the EuroLeague title with Cantù in 1981–82, scoring 21 points in the EuroLeague Final against Maccabi, and he later captured the FIBA Korać Cup trophy with Virtus Roma in 1985–86.
On February 3, 2008, Flowers was among the 105 player nominees for the 50 Greatest EuroLeague Contributors list, commemorating the fiftieth anniversary of the competition.
# John Walter Weart

John Walter Weart (July 17, 1861 – February 10, 1941) was a lawyer, businessman and political figure in British Columbia. He represented South Vancouver in the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia from 1916 until his retirement at the 1920 provincial election as a Liberal.
He was born in 1861 at Balderson Corner, Lanark, Ontario, the son of John Weart. Weart was employed at a foundry in Brockville and then worked as a carpenter in Belleville from 1873 to 1879. After obtaining a teacher's certificate, he taught school in Hastings County. Weart travelled west and worked in the furniture business in Manitoba from 1882 to 1890. In 1883, he married Minnie Reid. Weart studied law in British Columbia with George H. Cowan and went on to practice law from 1898 to 1905. He was an unsuccessful candidate for a seat in the provincial assembly in 1907. Weart was manager and solicitor for the Metropolitan Building Company. He served as reeve of Burnaby in 1911 and 1912. Weart was speaker for the provincial assembly from 1917 until the start of the 1918 session. His building company was credited with initiating the construction of the first skyscrapers in Vancouver. Weart died in Vancouver in 1941.
The Weart Glacier and Mount Weart in northern Garibaldi Provincial Park were named in his honour; Weart was named chairman of the park's board in 1927.