OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Siege of al-Dāmūs

The siege of al-Dāmūs was a battle of the Reconquista that occurred in the year 1210. The forces of the Kingdom of Aragon, together with auxiliary forces of the Knights Templar and Knights Hospitaller, were pitted against the defending forces of the Almohades. The Christian forces defeated the Muslim defenders. This battle was significant because in taking the castle at Ademuz, the Christian forces riled their Muslim opponents to initiate a grand offensive that would eventually culminate in the Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa. This offensive, in turn, marked the end of the Islamic domination of the region and the beginning of Christian rule in the province.

## Context

In 1210, the Almohad Empire, who controlled the Balearic Islands (conquered in 1203), launched a great incursion into the Catalan coast led by Abubola the Elder. The Muslim forces, being the combined forces from the Maghreb and Al-Andalus, disembarked and began pillaging the countryside seizing much booty and captives in the process.
In March 1210, in response to the Almohad incursion, King Peter II of Aragon, who was at the time in the city of Monzón, gathered an army to attack the Moors of the Taifa of Valencia. Within the objectives of this campaign lay Al-Dāmūs (Spanish: Ademuz), one of the fortresses that formed the defensive net of the Turia River.

## Siege

In the middle of 1210, Al-Dāmūs was conquered by Peter II of Aragon with the help of the Knights Hospitaller and the Knights Templar.
Among the knights who participated in the campaign were
* Ramón de Castellazuelo, Bishop of Zaragoza,
* García de Gúdal, Bishop of Huesca,
* García Frontin I, Bishop of Tarazona,
* Jimeno Cornel, Mayordomo of the King of Aragón
* García Romeo,
* Artal II de Alagón, Alférez of the Kingdom of Aragón
* Blasco Romeo,
* Pero Sesé,
* Ato I de Foces,
* Guillem I de Cervelló,
* Guillem de Peralta,
* Arnaldo Palacín,
* Arnaldo de Alascó,
* Adam de Alascó,
* Don Atorella,
* Sancho de Antillón,
* Guillem III de Montcada,
* Guillem Ramon III de Montcada, Seneschal of Catalonia,
* Guillem d'Òdena.
* From the Templars was Pedro de Montagut.

## Consequences

The offensive continued until the Christian forces finally took the Castle of Serreilla.
Pedro del Pomar was charged by King Peter II of Aragon to repopulate all the lands won by the conquest with Christians from the surrounding kingdoms.
The loss of Ademuz and the devastation caused by the campaign, troubled the Almohades so much that they sent a delegation of nobles from Sharq Al-Andalus to Marrakech to beg Muhammad al-Nasir for reinforcements. This was one of the motivating factors that led to the launch of the Muslim expedition that would culminate in the Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa in 1212. This would in turn end the supremacy of Al-Andalus in the Iberian Peninsula.
The fortress fell into Almohad hands later in 1210 in an offensive that also recaptured Castielfabib, but failed to reach Moya.
# Gilbert Horton (politician)

Gilbert Horton (c.1840 - July 1894) was an American politician who served as a justice of the peace and a state legislator in Mississippi. A Republican, he served in the Mississippi House of Representatives in 1884 and 1885.
Horton lived in Greenville, Mississippi with his wife Matilda.
The 1894 Republican Party convention in Vicksburg commemorated him upon announcement of his death.
# 1969–70 Albanian Cup

1969–70 Albanian Cup (Albanian: Kupa e Shqipërisë) was the eighteenth season of Albania's annual cup competition. It began in August 1969 with the First Round and ended in May 1970 with the Final matches. Partizani were the defending champions, having won their eighth Albanian Cup last season. The cup was won by Partizani.
The rounds were played in a two-legged format similar to those of European competitions. If the aggregated score was tied after both games, the team with the higher number of away goals advanced. If the number of away goals was equal in both games, the match was decided by extra time and a penalty shootout, if necessary.

## First round

Games were played in August 1969*
* Results unknown

## Second round

In this round entered the 16 winners from the previous round. First and second legs were played in January 1970.
| Team 1 | Agg.Tooltip Aggregate score | Team 2 | 1st leg | 2nd leg |
| Dinamo Tirana | 3–2 | Besa | 1–2 | 2–0 |
| Partizani | 3–2 | Labinoti | 2–1 | 1-1 |
| Traktori | 3–2 | Flamurtari | 1–0 | 2–2 |
| Lokomotiva Durrës | 0–7 | Vllaznia | 0–4 | 0–3 |
| Apolonia | 1–0 | Tekstilisti | 0–0 | 1–0 |
| Naftëtari | 1–0 | Skënderbeu | 0–0 | 1–0 |
| Punëtori | 1–7 | 17 Nëntori | 0–2 | 1–5 |
| Korabi | 0–5 | Luftëtari | 0–1 | 0–4 |

## Quarter-finals

In this round entered the 8 winners from the previous round.
| Team 1 | Agg.Tooltip Aggregate score | Team 2 | 1st leg | 2nd leg |
| Luftëtari | 1–7 | Partizani | 0–3 | 1–4 |
| Traktori | 1–8 | 17 Nëntori | 0–3 | 1–5 |
| Dinamo Tirana | 1–3 | Vllaznia | 1–0 | 0–3 |
| Apolonia | 2–1 | Naftëtari | 1–1 | 1–0 |

## Semi-finals

In this round entered the four winners from the previous round.
| Team 1 | Agg.Tooltip Aggregate score | Team 2 | 1st leg | 2nd leg |
| 17 Nëntori | 1–3 | Partizani | 0–3 | 1–0 |
| Vllaznia | 8–2 | Apolonia | 7–1 | 1–1 |

## Finals

In this round entered the two winners from the previous round.
| Team 1 | Agg.Tooltip Aggregate score | Team 2 | 1st leg | 2nd leg |
| Partizani | 4–1 | Vllaznia | 4–0 | 0–1 |
# 2007 Batna bombing

The 2007 Batna bombing took place on 6 September 2007 in Batna, a town in Batna Province, eastern Algeria.
The bombing, which took place shortly before the visit of Algerian President Abdelaziz Bouteflika, resulted in 15-20 deaths and 107 injuries as the bomber detonated his device among a crowd waiting to see the President, who was at the end of a three-day tour of eastern Algeria.

## The bombing

The suicide bomber was among the crowd awaiting outside the Al-Atik mosque the arrival of President Bouteflika when his device, a "plastic bag containing the explosive" and his "agitated" manner was noticed 45 minutes prior to the Presidents arrival. This forced the bomber, a "man aged 30 to 35" to detonate his device prematurely as police approached him. However it is unknown whether the bomber himself escaped the blast, however interior minister Noureddine Yazid was quoted by the Algerian news agency APS as stating that the bomber had escaped through a security cordon.

## Aftermath and reactions

On 8 September, the Algerian Islamic Salvation Front was reported to have condemned the attacks, joining President Bouteflika in calling the perpetrators "criminals". While there was no immediate claim of responsibility, the Algerian president cited Islamic militants as the perpetrators. APS also quoted the President as stating that "Terrorist acts have absolutely nothing in common with the noble values of Islam", he also visited the surviving wounded at nearby hospitals. On 9 September 2007 Al Qaeda's north Africa wing stated that it was responsible for the attack, as well as a previous bombing 48 hours earlier. On a website, Al Qaeda stated "We reiterate that the majority of those killed in this operation were from the police and security forces ... and that our brother did not target innocent people as reported by the media," of both attacks, the group said they were carried out "in defense of Islam and the Islamic nation."
The governments of both Algeria and the United States warned citizens to avoid overland travel between Algerian cities, and for foreign tourists to remain in secure hotels.
# Uniform Controlled Substances Act

The Uniform Controlled Substances Act was drafted by the United States Department of Justice in 1969 and promulgated in 1970 by the National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws while the federal Controlled Substances Act was being drafted. Modeled after the federal Act, the uniform act established a drug scheduling system. There are three versions: the original 1970 version and two revisions, 1990 and 1994. The versions while different, are similar in many of their provisions. The acts of the adopting jurisdictions will, therefore, generally contain many provisions common to all of those versions. Thus, it is often difficult to say with certitude that a jurisdiction has adopted one version of the act rather than another. Nevertheless, every state other than Vermont and New Hampshire has adopted some version of the uniform act. Rufus B. King, counsel to United States Congress committees, notes that "it is provided that the state authorities must designate, reschedule, or delete substances whenever notified of such federal action unless they invoke an elaborate notice-and-hearing procedure to resist the federal ruling". Thus, the Uniform Act completes a top-down system of control in which drug policy originates through the international legislative process of treatymaking and United Nations Commission on Narcotic Drugs scheduling decisions and is automatically implemented through Controlled Substances Act provisions requiring federal scheduling of internationally controlled drugs, and Uniform Controlled Substances Act provisions requiring state scheduling of federally controlled drugs.
# Rowley Village Forge Site

The Rowley Village Forge Site is a historic colonia-era iron foundry site in Boxford, Massachusetts. The first iron forge in the area was established on Fish Brook in 1668 by Henry Leonard of the Leonard family, who were instrumental in the Saugus Iron Works further south. This business ran until about 1681, but the site also saw industrial uses into the 19th century, with sawmills and gristmills quickly replacing the foundry after it failed. Remnants of these works are visible from trails through conservation land off Lockwood Drive.
The site was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2001.
# POL Oxygen

POL Oxygen was an international design, art and architecture quarterly magazine. The magazine existed between 2001 and 2008. It contained extended profiles that look at the lives, ideas and work of people working internationally. It was edited in Sydney, art directed in London, printed in Hong Kong and distributed worldwide.
# Sam Bone

Samuel Bone (born 6 February 1998) is an English footballer who plays as a centre-back for League of Ireland Premier Division club Shelbourne.

## Early life

Bone was born in Malaysia but moved to England at the age of five. At 18 years old, he was diagnosed with testicular cancer and had surgery to have the cancer removed.

## Club career

As a youth player, Bone joined the youth academy of Charlton Athletic.
He started his career with Irish side Shamrock Rovers signing in February 2017 He made his League of Ireland debut on 24 March. During his time with The Hoops he played in four games in the UEFA Europa League.
In 2019, Bone signed for Waterford. Before the 2021 season, he signed for St Patrick's Athletic. Before the 2022 season, he signed for Irish top flight side Dundalk.
Before the second half of 2022–23, Bone signed for English fifth tier side Maidstone United. He stayed with the Stones for the 2023–24 season, and helped them reach the fifth round of the FA Cup.

## International career

Bone is eligible to represent Malaysia internationally, having been born there.

## Style of play

Bone mainly operates as a centre-back but has played as a full-back and as a midfielder during his stint with Dundalk.

## Personal life

Bone is the son of English professional footballer Billy Bone, who played in Malaysia and Singapore. He has been a supporter of English Premier League side Chelsea.

## Career statistics

    As of match played 14 September 2024
Appearances and goals by club, season and competition :
| Club | Season | League | League | League | National cup | National cup | League cup | League cup | Other | Other | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Shamrock Rovers | 2017 | LOI Premier Division | 16 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 20 | 0 |
| Shamrock Rovers | 2018 | LOI Premier Division | 20 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 23 | 2 |
| Shamrock Rovers | 2019 | LOI Premier Division | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 0 |
| Shamrock Rovers | Total | Total | 41 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 49 | 2 |
| Waterford (loan) | 2019 | LOI Premier Division | 9 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 10 | 0 |
| Waterford | 2020 | LOI Premier Division | 8 | 1 | 1 | 0 | — | — | — | — | 9 | 1 |
| St Patrick's Athletic | 2021 | LOI Premier Division | 32 | 1 | 3 | 1 | — | — | — | — | 35 | 2 |
| Dundalk | 2022 | LOI Premier Division | 32 | 1 | 2 | 0 | — | — | — | — | 34 | 1 |
| Maidstone United | 2022–23 | National League | 18 | 2 | — | — | — | — | 3 | 0 | 21 | 2 |
| Maidstone United | 2023–24 | National League South | 36 | 2 | 5 | 0 | — | — | 1 | 0 | 42 | 3 |
| Maidstone United | Total | Total | 54 | 5 | 5 | 0 | — | — | 4 | 0 | 63 | 5 |
| Shelbourne | 2024 | LOI Premier Division | 4 | 0 | 3 | 0 | — | — | 4 | 0 | 11 | 0 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 180 | 10 | 15 | 1 | 4 | 0 | 12 | 0 | 211 | 11 |
* 1 2 Appearances in the UEFA Europa League
* 1 2 Appearances in the FA Trophy
* ↑ Appearances in the UEFA Conference League

## Honours

St Patrick's Athletic
* FAI Cup: 2021
Shelbourne
* League of Ireland Premier Division: 2024
# Amazones Dramas

Amazones Dramas A.S. (Greek: Α.Σ. Αμαζόνες Δράμας) is a Greek women's football club from the city of Drama. It plays in Greek's highest national football league, the Greek A Division known as Alpha Ethniki. The team won the championship in 2013–14, ending an eight-year title run by PAOK.

## History

The club was founded in September 2005. In 2010/11 the team played its first season in the top division finishing 10th out of 13.

## Honours

* Greek A Division champions: 2014
* Greek Women's Cup runners-up: 2014, 2016
# 720p

720p (720 lines progressive) is a progressive HD signal format with 720 horizontal lines/1280 columns and an aspect ratio (AR) of 16:9, normally known as widescreen HD (1.78:1). All major HD broadcasting standards (such as SMPTE 292M) include a 720p format, which has a resolution of 1280×720.
The number 720 stands for the 720 horizontal scan lines of image display resolution (also known as 720 pixels of vertical resolution). The p stands for progressive scan, i.e. non-interlaced. When broadcast at 60 frames per second, 720p features the highest temporal resolution possible under the ATSC and DVB standards. The term assumes a widescreen aspect ratio of 16:9, thus implying a resolution of 1280×720 px (0.9 megapixels).
720i (720 lines interlaced) is an erroneous term found in numerous sources and publications. Typically, it is a typographical error in which the author is referring to the 720p HDTV format. However, in some cases it is incorrectly presented as an actual alternative format to 720p. No proposed or existing broadcast standard permits 720 interlaced lines in a video frame at any frame rate.

## Comparison with interlace scanning

Progressive scanning reduces the need to prevent flicker by anti-aliasing single high contrast horizontal lines. It is also easier to perform high-quality 50↔60 Hz conversion and slow-motion clips with progressive video.
| S | Resolution | A/R |
| HD | 960×720p | 4:3 |
| HD | 1280×720p | 16:9 |
| HD | 720×1280p | 9:16 |
S=standard A/R=aspect ratio
# Disadvantage

In policy debate, a disadvantage (here abbreviated as DA) is an argument that a team brings up against a policy action that is being considered. A disadvantage is also used in the Lincoln-Douglas debate format.

## Structure

A disadvantage usually has four key elements. These four elements are not always necessary depending on the type of disadvantage run, and some are often combined into a single piece of evidence. A Unique Link card, for example, will include both a description of the status quo and the plan's effect on it. A traditional threshold DA has a structure as follows:

### Uniqueness

Uniqueness shows why the impacts have not occurred yet or to a substantial extent and will uniquely occur with the adoption of either the affirmative's plan or the negative's counterplan.
For example, the negative team argues that the affirmative plan will result in nuclear proliferation, it would also argue that the status quo will avoid nuclear proliferation. If the Affirmative claims that nuclear proliferation is already occurring, the negative team could argue that adoption of the plan would result in a unique increase in nuclear proliferation. If the plan causes no net change in the rate of nuclear proliferation, the disadvantage is not unique to the plan, and therefore not relevant.
# Roxboro Cotton Mill

Roxboro Cotton Mill is a historic cotton mill complex located at Roxboro, Person County, North Carolina. It was built in 1899, and is a two-story, banked, textile mill with Italianate-style influence and slow-burning heavy timber frame construction covered by common bond brickwork. An addition to the original mill building was built in 1924, and together they measure approximately 525 feet long (68 bays). The building housed the spinning and carding operations. The mill remained in operation until 1999.
It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2009.
# Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha

Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha (HNF4A) also known as NR2A1 (nuclear receptor subfamily 2, group A, member 1) is a nuclear receptor that in humans is encoded by the HNF4A gene.

## Function

HNF-4α is a nuclear transcription factor that binds DNA as a homodimer. The encoded protein controls the expression of several genes, including hepatocyte nuclear factor 1 alpha, a transcription factor that regulates the expression of several hepatic genes. This gene plays a role in development of the liver, kidney, and intestines. Alternative splicing of this gene results in multiple transcript variants.
HNF4A is required for the PXR and CAR-mediated transcriptional activation of CYP3A4. Genetic mutations in the HNF4A gene can influence the activity of HNF4α's downstream proteins such as CYP2D6, in vitro and in vivo.
The alkaloid berberine upregulates HNF4A expression.
This gene plays a pivotal role in the expression and synthesis of SHBG, an important glycoprotein made primarily in the liver, which in addition to lowering insulin-resistance also reduces levels of free Estrogen as-well as prolonging the half-life of testosterone.
Function of HNF4A gene can be effectively examined by siRNA knockdown based on an independent validation.

## Clinical significance

Mutations in the HNF4A gene are associated with a form of diabetes called maturity onset diabetes of the young (MODY), specifically MODY 1. At least 56 disease-causing mutations in this gene have been discovered.
Increased amplification of hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha has been observed in colorectal cancer.
It has also associations with the appearance of Fanconi syndrome phenotypes which occurs due to a missense mutation of the gene.

## Interactions

Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha has been shown to interact with:
* Beta-catenin,
* CREB binding protein,
* MED1,
* MED14,
* Small heterodimer partner
* Testicular receptor 4,
# Arlen Erdahl

Arlen Ingolf Erdahl (February 27, 1931 – September 21, 2023) was an American commercial farmer and politician. He served as a member of the Minnesota House of Representatives from 1963 to 1970, Minnesota Secretary of State from 1971–1975 and was a U.S. Representative from Minnesota, serving the first district from 1979–1983, in the 96th and 97th congresses.
Erdahl had Presidential appointments to serve as Country Director and later Associate Director for the Peace Corps from 1983 to 1989 and as Principal Deputy/Acting Assistant Secretary for International Affairs at the U.S. Department of Energy from 1989 to 1993. He served on the boards of the United Nations Association of Minnesota, Nobel Peace Prize Forum, Minnesota chapter of People to People, Minneapolis Lodge of the Sons of Norway, and Growth & Justice. In 1999 he received the Twin Cities International Citizen Award and in 2011 was recognized for his public leadership and service with the Hubert H. Humphrey Public Leadership Award by the Humphrey School of Public Affairs at the University of Minnesota.

## Early life

Arlen Ingolf Erdahl was born in Blue Earth, Faribault County, Minnesota, to a Norwegian-born mother and a father of Norwegian descent. He attended Faribault County public schools. He graduated from St. Olaf College (B.A. 1953) and Harvard University (M.P.A., 1966). He served in United States Army from 1954–1956. He was a grain/livestock farmer.

## Political career

Erdahl served in the Minnesota House of Representatives from 1963 to 1970 and was a Republican. He then served as Minnesota Secretary of State from 1971 to 1975. From 1975 to 1978, Erdahl served on the Minnesota Public Service Commission. Then he served in the United States House of Representatives from 1979 to 1983. His cousin was Dale Erdahl who also served in the Minnesota Legislature.
His successful 1978 Congressional campaign was managed by Arlen Wittrock. For Erdahl's four years as a member of the U.S. House of Representatives, Keith Hall served as his Washington Chief of Staff and Arlen Wittrock served as his Minnesota Chief of Staff.

## Later career and legacy

In April, 2011 he was recognized for his public leadership and service with the Hubert H. Humphrey Public Leadership Award by the Humphrey School of Public Affairs at the University of Minnesota.
The Arlen Inglof Erdahl collection at the Southern Minnesota Historical Center, Memorial Library at the Minnesota State University, Mankato contains materials about his seven years in the Minnesota House of Representatives and his campaign for Minnesota Secretary of State in 1970.
Arlen Erdahl died on September 21, 2023, at the age of 92. He had Alzheimer's disease in his later years.
# Jerry Jensen

Jerry Jensen (born February 26, 1975) is an American former professional football linebacker who played two seasons in the National Football League (NFL) for the Carolina Panthers. He played high school football at Cascade High School in Everett, WA for the legendary Terry Ennis. He played college football at the University of Washington and was selected in the fifth round of the 1998 NFL draft. Jensen was a three-year starter and team captain while at Washington. As of January 8, 2013, Jensen is now the Head Football Coach of Archbishop Murphy High School in Mill Creek, WA
# 2007 Somali National Reconciliation Conference

The 2007 Somali National Reconciliation Conference was held from 15 July 2007 until 30 August 2007 in Mogadishu; it was announced on 1 March 2007 by Abdullahi Yusuf Ahmed, the President of the Transitional Federal Government (TFG).

## Preparations

More than 3,000 people from all of Somalia's regions and clans as well as from the Somali diaspora participated. The United States had announced their support for the conference. Moderate Islamists in exile in Eritrea had also been invited, but had refused to attend.
It was originally planned to be held from 16 April until mid-June, but was postponed thrice, first to 15 May 2007, then to 14 June 2007 and finally to 15 July 2007.

## Events

When the conference finally opened on 15 July 2007, it immediately adjourned until 19 July 2007 to allow for more delegates to arrive, since the moderate Islamists had not yet ended their boycott of the conference. The conference building was being attacked with mortars on that date, as well, and again on 17 July 2007.
The conference eventually opened for real on 19 July 2007; however, moderate Islamists and Hawiye clan elders still boycotted it, claiming that the venue were not neutral. Islamists have scheduled a conference in Asmara instead.
There was an 11-point program to be discussed at the conference, including the holding of elections. According to commentators, little was achieved at the conference.