OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Margot Siegel

Margot Siegel (April 2, 1923 – February 24, 2015) was an American journalist.

## Biography

Margot Siegel was born April 2, 1923, in St. Paul, Minnesota. Her parents were Jeanne and William Auerbacher. She graduated from University High School in 1940. She completed her B.E in journalism and advertising from the University of Minnesota in 1944. Siegel was also the first teaching assistant in the university's new American Studies program. She was a news and feature writer in the American Red Cross during World War II. Later she became a reporter and editor at Women's Wear Daily in New York, after a stint in Hollywood as a publicist. She also worked as an overseas correspondent from 1947 to 1948 for Fairchild Publications, the parent company of Women's Wear.
After returning to Minneapolis in the 1950s she married attorney Harold Siegel, with whom she had two children, William and Sandra, followed later by three grandchildren. She became the public relations director of Walker Art Center in the 1960s. Siegel contributed to the Encyclopedia of Clothing and Fashion. She was the co-owner of Siegel-Hogan Enterprises for almost 17 years. After the death of her husband in 1989, she took over his real estate company which became Siegel Properties. She was a member of the Overseas Press Club of America and a charter member of the now-defunct Minnesota Press Club.
Siegel was also a member and former director of the Minneapolis/St. Paul Fashion Group. In her later years, Siegel founded the Palm Spring Fashion Group as well as the Friends of the Goldstein. In 2012, the museum paid tribute to her with its Margot Siegel Design Award, which honors emerging designers. Siegel died February 24, 2015, aged 91.

## Fashion collection

The collection was prominently featured in the Goldstein's 2011 pop-art exhibit Intersections: Where Art Meets Fashion. Among its contents were:
* A silk two-piece Mission ensemble in a multicolored tulip pattern
* Halston plunge-back dress inspired by the art of Jackson Pollock

## The Margot Siegel Design Award

The Goldstein Museum of Design announced a new award for emerging designers: The Margot Siegel Design Award. This award is presented annually to a designer who represents innovation in his/her field and has yet to receive major recognition. The winner of the award receives an all-expense-paid trip to the Twin Cities to speak at the College of Design.
# Spectrum Telecoms

Spectrum Telecoms is an independent business connectivity provider, supplying a range of business IP and communications services.

## Company Overview

Spectrum Telecoms is the trading name for Spectrum Telecommunications Ltd. Spectrum was founded by Simon Holt in 1996. The company was created with the aim of providing traditional fixed line services, account management and systems. By building a network of supplier partnerships the business grew into inbound, outbound, mobile and data networks .
In 2013, the company moved from Barton-under-Needwood into larger premises, located on the Centrum 100 Business Park, Burton upon Trent.
In December 2013, the company became an authorised supplier for Connection Vouchers. The Scheme is managed by Broadband Delivery UK (BDUK), a unit within the Department for Culture, Media and Sport.

## Products & Services

Spectrum Telecoms provides products and services in 5 main categories:
* Unified communications
* Managed private networks
* Cloud and hosted services
* Enterprise mobility
* Network security

## PR & Social Responsibility

Spectrum's Director Jenny Lee Holt judged the 2016 finals of the West Midlands Young Enterprise Company of the Year, held at the Lichfield Garrick Theatre. The award was won by the Students of Alleyne's High School in Staffordshire.
# Michael Bates (Sealand)

Michael Roy Bates, self-styled as Prince Michael of Sealand, is an English businessman and self-published author. He operates a self-proclaimed and unrecognized micronation called the Principality of Sealand, which he inherited from his parents Paddy Roy Bates and Joan Bates. He has claimed the title "Prince of Sealand" since the death of his father in 2012.

## Early life

Michael Bates was born to Roy and Joan Bates in 1952/3. On 24 December 1966, at the age of 14, Michael joined his father Roy in occupying HM Fort Roughs, where they established a pirate radio station. Michael left his boarding school to visit the platform and ended up never going back, stating, "I thought it was a six-week adventure, not 34 years." On 2 September 1967, Roy declared sovereignty over the platform, and moved his family permanently to Sealand, including wife Joan, son Michael, and daughter Penelope. Michael was a key participant in the battle to retake Sealand from the perpetrators of an attempted coup.

## Sealand

On whether Sealand is a sovereign state, Bates stated, "We have never asked for recognition, and we’ve never felt the need to ask for recognition. You don't have to have recognition to be a state, you just have to fulfill the criteria of the Montevideo Convention which is population, territory, government, and the capacity to enter into negotiation with other states. We can and we have done all these things. We've had the German ambassador visit at one point to discuss something: that was de facto recognition. We've had communication with the president of France many years ago, but we have never asked for recognition and we don’t feel we need it."
In 2015, Bates published a memoir about his experiences with Sealand called Principality of Sealand: Holding the Fort. Bates presented a discussion of his book at Estuary 2016, an art, literature, music and film festival.
In September 2017, Bates held a dinner to commemorate the 50th anniversary of Sealand, stating, "We're perhaps the most undemanding state in the world. We don't force anybody to worship any god or religion or anything. Maybe that's why we've lasted so long. Hopefully I'll be around for the next 50!"

## Personal life and other ventures

Bates divides his time between Sealand and Westcliff-on-Sea, Essex. He wanted his three children to attend English schools.
Bates runs a shellfish company that harvests cockles mainly for the Spanish market. The business, called Fruits of the Sea, is run by Bates and his sons James and Liam. He also has a daughter named Charlotte. All three children are with his former wife, Lorraine Wheeler. Bates's second wife is Mei Shi, a former officer in the Chinese People's Liberation Army.
# Chenghua (era)

Chenghua (Chinese: 成化; pinyin: Chénghuà; Wade–Giles: Ch'eng-hua; lit. 'accomplished change'; 27 January 1465 – 13 January 1488) was the era name (nianhao) of the Chenghua Emperor, the ninth emperor of the Ming dynasty, lasting for 23 years.
On 22 September 1487 (Chenghua 23, 6th day of the 9th month), the Hongzhi Emperor ascended to the throne and continued to use the Chenghua era name. The following year, the era name was changed to Hongzhi.

## Comparison table

| Chenghua | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| AD | 1465 | 1466 | 1467 | 1468 | 1469 | 1470 | 1471 | 1472 | 1473 | 1474 |
| Sexagenary cycle | Yǐyǒu (乙酉) | Bǐngxū (丙戌) | Dīnghài (丁亥) | Wùzǐ (戊子) | Jǐchǒu (己丑) | Gēngyín (庚寅) | Xīnmǎo (辛卯) | Rénchén (壬辰) | Guǐsì (癸巳) | Jiǎwǔ (甲午) |
| Chenghua | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 |
| AD | 1475 | 1476 | 1477 | 1478 | 1479 | 1480 | 1481 | 1482 | 1483 | 1484 |
| Sexagenary cycle | Yǐwèi (乙未) | Bǐngshēn (丙申) | Dīngyǒu (丁酉) | Wùxū (戊戌) | Jǐhài (己亥) | Gēngzǐ (庚子) | Xīnchǒu (辛丑) | Rényín (壬寅) | Guǐmǎo (癸卯) | Jiǎchén (甲辰) |
| Chenghua | 21 | 22 | 23 |
| AD | 1485 | 1486 | 1487 |
| Sexagenary cycle | Yǐsì (乙巳) | Bǐngwǔ (丙午) | Dīngwèi (丁未) |

## Other regimes' era names that existed during the same period

* China
** Desheng (德勝, 1465–1466): Ming period—era name of Liu Tong (劉通)
* Vietnam
** Quang Thuận (光順, 1460–1469): Later Lê dynasty—era name of Lê Thánh Tông
** Hồng Đức (洪德, 1470–1497): Later Lê dynasty—era name of Lê Thánh Tông
* Japan
** Kanshō (寛正, 1460–1466): era name of Emperor Go-Hanazono and Emperor Go-Tsuchimikado
** Bunshō (文正, 1466–1467): era name of Emperor Go-Tsuchimikado
** Ōnin (応仁, 1467–1469): era name of Emperor Go-Tsuchimikado
** Bunmei (文明, 1469–1487): era name of Emperor Go-Tsuchimikado
** Chōkyō (長享, 1487–1489): era name of Emperor Go-Tsuchimikado
# Oraine Williams

Oraine Williams (born 13 July 1992) is a Jamaican cricketer. He made his first-class debut for Jamaica in the 2016–17 Regional Four Day Competition on 7 April 2017. In June 2021, he was selected to take part in the Minor League Cricket tournament in the United States following the players' draft.
# Roger I of Carcassonne

Roger I (died 1012) was the count of Carcassonne from c. 1000 and, as Roger II, count of Comminges (from 957) and Couserans (from 983).

## Life

Roger was the son of Arnaud I of Comminges and Arsinde of Carcassonne. Associated with the government of Comminges in 957, he inherited the county of Couserans in 983 at the death of his father, Count Arnaud I. At around 1000 he inherited the county of Carcassonne from his mother.
After sharing the government with his son Ramon Roger in Carcassonne, part of the county of Couserans and of the county of Razès and Bernard I Roger in Couserans, he was succeeded by his nephew William I of Carcassonne.

## Marriage and issue

In 969 Roger married Adelaide of Rouergue. They had:
* Ramon Roger
* Bernard-Roger, Count of Bigorre
* Peter Roger, Bishop of Girona from 1010-1050
* Ermesinde married Ramon Borrell, count of Barcelona.
# Lev Chugaev

Lev Aleksandrovich Chugaev (Russian: Лев Алекса́ндрович Чуга́ев; 16 October 1873 – 26 September 1922) was a Russian chemist. At the height of his career, he was professor of chemistry at the University of Petersburg, being the successor to Dmitri Mendeleev. He was active in the fields of inorganic chemistry, especially platinum group complexes, as well as organic chemistry. He is also known as Leo Aleksandrovich Tschugaeff or Tschugaev.

## Contributions to coordination chemistry

Chugaev discovered that dimethylglyoxime forms a scarlet solid upon reaction with nickel(II) ions. This reaction was one of the first "spot tests" for a metal ion. An adherent to the theories of Alfred Werner, Chugaev made several contributions to the chemistry of platinum. The salt [Pt(NH$_3$)$_5$Cl]Cl$_3$ containing the chloropentammineplatinum(IV) ion, is called "Chugaev's salt". Other complexes prepared in his laboratory include [Pt(SEt$_2$)$_4$][PtCl$_4$], [Pt(NH$_3$)$_5$OH]Cl$_3$, [Os(SC(NH$_2$)$_2$)$_6$]Cl$_3$$^.$H$_2$O.
Chugaev also studied complexes of hydrazine. One of his complexes, since also called Chugaev's salt, was the product of the reaction of platinum(II) salts with methyl isocyanide and hydrazine. After many decades, this compound was shown to be a carbene complex, probably the first metal carbene complex ever reported.

## Contributions to organic chemistry

He discovered the Chugaev reaction during his work on thujene and terpene.
# The War Show

The War Show is a 2016 Syrian-Danish-German documentary film co-written and directed by Andreas Dalsgaard [da] and Obaidah Zytoon. It was awarded best film in the Venice Days section at the 73rd edition of the Venice Film Festival.
The film recounts the Arab Spring days in Syria and the subsequent civil war though the eyes of a Syrian former radio DJ.
# Francesco Gotti

Francesco Gotti (18 September 1923 – 4 July 1996) was an Italian rower. He competed at the 1948 Summer Olympics in London with the men's coxed four where they were eliminated in the semi-final.
# Emma King (cricketer)

Emma Louise King (born 25 March 1992) is an Australian former cricketer who played as a right-arm off-break bowler and right-handed batter. She played domestic cricket for Western Australia from her debut in the 2009–10 season. In the 2013–14 Australian Women's Twenty20 Cup, she was the leading wicket-taker with 13 wickets which included a performance of 4/9 against the New South Wales Breakers. More recently she claimed six wickets in the 2016-17 WNCL tournament. She also played for the Perth Scorchers in both the first season and second season of the Women's Big Bash League Twenty20 competition.
As of December 2016, King was employed as a physical education teacher at St Hilda's Anglican School for Girls in Mosman Park, a suburb of Perth.
In November 2018, she was named in the Perth Scorchers squad for the 2018–19 Women's Big Bash League season.
On 20 March 2021, King announced her retirement from professional cricket.
# Kobler

Kobler is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Andreas Kobler (1816–1892), German historian
* Erich Kobler, German film editor and director
* Flurina Kobler, Swiss curler
* Martin Kobler (born 1953), German diplomat
* Robert Köbler (1912–1970), German organist
# Little Neshannock Creek

Little Neshannock Creek is a 13.32 mi (21.44 km) long tributary to Neshannock Creek in Lawrence County that rises in Mercer County. This creek drains several glacial wetlands and the Borough of New Wilmington, Pennsylvania.
# Babina, Uttar Pradesh

Babina is a cantonment town in Jhansi district in the state of Uttar Pradesh, India. Shree Rajeev Singh Parichha is MLA of Babina constituency.

## Etymology

It is said that Babina is an anacronym originating from "British Army Base in North Asia". While this has been endorsed by the Cantonment Board of Babina, it appears to be a backronym that has been endorsed without due verification. Contrary to what the alleged anacronym suggests, the cantonment at Babina had no association with the British Raj and was opened in 1959, 12 years after the British left India. Furthermore, India is considered to be a part of South Asia, not North Asia as the acronym suggests. This suggests that the popular anacronym is very likely a modern invention.

## Indian Army

Jhansi district is the headquarters of the 31st Indian Armoured Division, stationed at Jhansi-Babina. It is an armored division which has equipment like M3 Lee [Historian] and M4 Sherman tanks [Historian]. There was a joint exercise in 2012 with the Singaporean Army at Jhansi witnessed by the President of India, Pratibha Patil. In 2019 the Indian army held a joint exercise with the Russian army at Babina Battlefield, involving T-90, 'Arjun', and T-72 tanks.

## Geography

Babina is located at 25°15′N 78°28′E﻿ / ﻿25.25°N 78.47°E﻿ / 25.25; 78.47. It has an average elevation of 303 metres (994 feet).
Places to visit: Sukma Dukma Dam is a very beautiful one. This dam is located in Babina Jhansi city of Uttar Pradesh. One of the better places to visit near Jhansi during the rainy season. Sukma Dukma Dam is a British era dam, which was built in the first five year plan. This dam is 800 meters in length. The right time to visit this dam is during the rainy season. Because in the rainy season, the dam is completely filled with water and overflowing the water falls on the dam, which looks like a beautiful waterfall. Most of the people come to enjoy the beauty of the dam during the rainy season. Here is a very nice place for picnic. the dam is built on the Betwa river.

## Demographics

As of the 2011 Census of India, Babina had a population of 35,165. Males constitute 62% of the population and females 38%. Babina has an average literacy rate of 73%, higher than the national average of 59.5%; with 69% of the males and 31% of females literate. 13% of the population is under 6 years of age.
# Timandra (mythology)

In Greek mythology, Timandra (Ancient Greek: Τιμάνδρα) was a Spartan princess and later on, queen of Arcadia.

## Family

Timandra was one of the daughters of King Tyndareus and Leda, daughter of King Thestius of Pleuron, Aetolia. Thus, she was the sister of the twins Castor and Pollux, Helen, Clytemnestra, Phoebe and Philonoe.
Timandra married Echemus, the king of Arcadia and bore him a son Ladocus. By Phyleus, son of King Augeas of Elis, she was one of the possible mothers of Meges, an Achaean Leader during the Trojan War. Timandra might be the mother of Phyleus’ daughter Eurydameia who begot Euchenor and Cleitus by the seer Polyeidus.

## Mythology

Like Clytemnestra, she was also unfaithful and deserted Echemus for Phyleus, the king of Dulichium.
This can be explained by the following account with Stesichorus and Hesiod as the authorities:
    "Steischorus says that while sacrificing to the gods Tyndareus forgot Aphrodite and that the goddess was angry and made his daughters twice and thrice wed and deserters of their husbands . . . And Hesiod also says:
    "And laughter-loving Aphrodite felt jealous when she looked on them and cast them into evil report. Then Timandra deserted Echemus and went and came to Phyleus, dear to the deathless gods; and even so Clytaemnestra deserted god-like Agamemnon and lay with Aegisthus and chose a worse mate; and even so Helen dishonoured the couch of golden-haired Menelaus."
# Little River (Coast Fork Willamette River tributary)

The Little River is a tributary of the Coast Fork Willamette River in the U.S. state of Oregon. Rising along the Calapooya Divide near the border between Lane and Douglas counties, it flows generally west-northwest to meet the Big River. The combined Big and Little rivers form the Coast Fork near Black Butte. The butte is a dark-colored mountain, the site of a former mine, and the site of a former post office.
On older maps, Little River appears as a tributary of Garoutte Creek, also known as Saroutte Creek. However, in 1988 the United States Board on Geographic Names renamed the lower reach of Garoutte Creek so that it became part of Little River. The upper reach of Garoutte Creek thus became a tributary of Little River.
Named tributaries of Little River from source to mouth are Weyerhaeuser Creek, which enters from the right; Cinnabar Creek, left; Trail Creek, right; Garoutte and Blood creeks, left; and Dennis Creek, right.

## Post office

The Black Butte Mine, developed by S. P. Garoutte in the 1890s, led to the establishment of a post office at Black Butte. William Harris was the first postmaster, and the office, established in 1898, was known by his last name, Harris. The name was changed in 1901 to Blackbutte. It operated under that name until permanently closing in 1957.

## Pollution

In the 21st century, the former mine and the area around it have become a Superfund site. The Environmental Protection Agency is concerned about methylmercury contamination of streams including Garoutte Creek, the Little River, and the Coast Fork, as well as the Cottage Grove Reservoir on the Coast Fork. During its heyday, the mine was the second-largest mercury producer in Oregon. From 1900 to 1957, it yielded a total of 16,904 flasks of elemental mercury; equivalent to about 13 million pounds (5,900,000 kg).
# Djenna de Jong

Djenna Teddy Victory de Jong (14 September 2005) is a footballer who plays as a midfielder for NAC Breda.

## Early life

De Jong played tennis as a child. She was scouted by the Royal Dutch Football Association at the age of eleven.

## Club career

In 2022 de Jong signed for the Germans VfL Wolfsburg , In 2023, de Jong signed for Belgium side RSC Anderlecht. And In 2024, she signed for Dutch side NAC Breda.

## Style of play

De Jong mainly operates as a midfielder. She has been described as having "impressive attacking skills" and born to be a leader. De Jong belongs to one of the biggest talents in the Netherlands.

## Personal life

De Jong was born in 2005 in the Netherlands. She was born to a Moroccan father and an Indonesian mother.
# Ram fighting

Ram fighting is a blood sport between two rams (large-horned male sheep), held in a ring or open field. It is commonly found in sheep or goat husbandry culture in Africa, Asia and Europe. In Nigeria, Uzbekistan and Indonesia, ram fighting gains popularity among locals. Although categorized as a blood sport and an act of animal cruelty, ram fights rarely resulted in the death of the defeated ram, as the loser often is allowed to flee the arena.

## History

In the wild, ram fights occurs naturally as a bovine behaviour to settle dominance hierarchy — a contest for alpha male status among virile rams, by ramming their heads into others. Traditionally, the male aggressiveness is not a desirable quality among sheep husbandry, as the sheep farmers prefer a docile sheep and eliminate the aggressive ones through series of selective breedings. This is the main practice of sheep domestication over time. However, farmers and shepherds traditionally may take ram fighting as an occasional pastime or entertainment, and look for this behaviour as the sign of virility, health, and also good gene and immune system.
In some cultures it has been developed into a "game" or a sport, or even held as "national pastime" which sometimes involves betting. Today in some countries, there are efforts to bring the fighting into mainstream by regulating the rules, ensure the fairness and the welfare of the fighting rams. In Uzbekistan, ram fighting is held as part of Asrlar Sadosi. In West Java, Indonesia, ram fighting is held as popular entertainment and ritual. It is associated with the town of Garut, near Bandung. In Nigeria, owners of the participating rams have made large investments to specially train their rams since their youth solely for competitions only, in which there are grand prizes, such as automotive vehicles, for the winners of these fights.
# Kristopher Ramsaran

Kristopher Ramsaran (born 1 February 1992) is a Trinidadian cricketer who has played for the Combined Campuses and Colleges in West Indian domestic cricket. A slow left-arm wrist-spin bowler, he made his debut for the team in January 2013, in the 2012–13 Caribbean Twenty20, and a few months later made his first-class debut, playing a single match in the 2012–13 Regional Four Day Competition. After his debut season, Ramsaran did not return to the team until January 2016, when he played in the 2015–16 Regional Super50.