OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Earnscliffe

Earnscliffe is a Victorian manor in Ottawa, Ontario, built in the Gothic Revival style. During the late 19th century, it was home to Canada's first Prime Minister, Sir John A. Macdonald. Since 1930, it has served as the residence of the British High Commissioner to Canada.

## Location and heritage status

The property overlooks the Ottawa River, just east of the Macdonald-Cartier Bridge. It is located to the northwest of Sussex Drive, across from the Lester B. Pearson Building.
The house is a National Historic Site and the location of a plaque erected by the Historic Sites and Monuments Board of Canada. However, since it is a diplomatic residence, it is closed to visitors except for special public events, such as Doors Open Ottawa. It was designated as "Earnscliffe National Historic Site of Canada" on May 30, 1960.

## History

The manor was built by Thomas McKay's company for his son-in-law, John McKinnon, from 1855 to 1857. McKinnon died suddenly in 1866 and the house was purchased by another of McKay's sons-in-law, Thomas Keefer. Two years later, he sold it to Thomas Reynolds, a railroad developer. Reynolds resided there for several years, and it was during this period that the house got the name Earnscliffe, an archaic term for "eagle's cliff".
Reynolds died in 1879, and his son sold the house to Sir John A. Macdonald in 1883. Macdonald had earlier stayed with Reynolds, and there are some stories that he gave it its name. When Sir John A. Macdonald visited, they discussed about its name as Eaglescliffe, but he suggested the Old English word for eagle, earn, and his suggestion was accepted. In 1888, Macdonald made several additions to the structure. In 1891, Macdonald fell ill, and he died in his room at Earnscliffe.
His widow, Lady Macdonald, briefly continued to reside in the home after his death, and Queen Victoria made her Baroness Macdonald of Earnscliffe. Soon, however, Lady Macdonald and her daughter departed for England and leased the house to Lord Treowen, commander of the militia. Over the next decades, the building was home to several local notables, including Mrs. Charles A.E. Harriss.
In 1930, William Henry Clark, the first British high commissioner to Canada, arranged to buy the house for the British government. It has been the home of the British high commissioner ever since.
In 2005, a plaque and tree was installed on the grounds of Earnscliffe, in commemoration of the CANLOAN program and its participants.
On October 4, 2011, a fire damaged the building. British High Commissioner Andrew Pocock, living in the house at the time, was fine and no one was injured in the fire.
# École nationale d'ingénieurs de Metz

École nationale d'ingénieurs de Metz (French pronunciation:; abbr. ENI Metz or ENIM) is a French grande ecole of engineering established in 1960. It is one of the Groupe des écoles nationales d'ingénieurs (ENI Group), but also an internal school of the Collegium National Polytechnic Institute of Lorraine (INPL).
It is an engineering school oriented towards mechanics and production but which, through the diversity of its training, falls into the category of so-called “generalist” schools.
Located in Metz, the ENIM is a higher public education institution recognised by the State. The school is a member of the Conférence des Grandes Écoles (CGE).

## Notable alumni

* Denis Chevrier, a retired Formula One engineer who was the head of engine operations for the Renault F1 team from 2002 to 2007.
# Detroit Auto Club

The Detroit Auto Club was a minor league professional ice hockey team, and one of the four founding members of the International Hockey League in 1945, and operated until 1951. They played their home games at Olympia Stadium in Detroit, Michigan. The Detroit Auto Club won the inaugural Turner Cup, as playoff champions, beating the Detroit Bright's Goodyears two game to one.

## Standings

| Year | GP | W | L | T | PTS | GF | GA | Pct | Standings | Playoffs |
| 1945–1946 | 15 | 8 | 7 | 0 | 16 | 82 | 81 | .533 | 3 of 4 | Won Semifinals Windsor Gotfredsons 2-1, Won Turner Cup Finals Detroit Bright's Goodyears 2-1 |
| 1946–1947 | 28 | 7 | 20 | 1 | 15 | 113 | 156 | .268 | 5 of 5 | Did not qualify |
| 1947–1948 | 30 | 13 | 16 | 1 | 27 | 161 | 155 | .450 | 5 of 6 | Did not qualify |
| 1948–1949 | 31 | 17 | 11 | 3 | 39 | 146 | 130 | .563 | 2 of 5 | Won Quarterfinals Detroit Bright's Goodyears 2-0, Lost Semifinals Windsor Hettche 4-0 |
| 1949–1950 | 40 | 19 | 14 | 7 | 45 | 170 | 139 | .563 | 2 of 5 | Lost Semifinals Chatham Maroons 3-1 |
| 1950–1951 | 52 | 10 | 32 | 10 | 31 | 136 | 238 | .298 | 5 of 6 | Did not qualify |
| Totals | 196 | 74 | 100 | 22 | 173 | 808 | 899 | .441 |
# Šárovcova Lhota

Šárovcova Lhota is a municipality and village in Jičín District in the Hradec Králové Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 200 inhabitants.

## Administrative division

Šárovcova Lhota consists of four municipal parts (in brackets population according to the 2021 census):
* Šárovcova Lhota (149)
* Bertoldka (2)
* Libín (12)
* Tikov (18)
# The Prize of Peril

"The Prize of Peril" is a science fiction short story by Robert Sheckley. It was first published in The Magazine of Fantasy & Science Fiction in May 1958 and first collected in Store of Infinity in 1960 by Bantam Books. The short story is noted for its plot's anticipation of reality television shows such as Survivor and Fear Factor by several decades.

## Synopsis

The protagonist of the story is Jim Raeder, a man notable only for his normality, who has been a participant in many reality television shows (given the name "thrill shows") and thus become a celebrity. In all the shows the risk of dying has been a part of the concept; he has fought a real bull in Spain, he has driven a Formula 1 racecar and fought with other divers while trying to escape sharks and other sea predators. In the story he takes part in the greatest of all reality shows: he is to be hunted by professional gangland murderers.
As he is hunted, his journey is shown all over the US on TV and he receives help from viewers, the so-called Good Samaritans. The commentator, Mike Terry, makes a point of this during the show: "All of America is ready to help Jim!", but Raeder soon finds out that things are not what he expected them to be and that maybe his survival is not a main priority among the public. The story ends with Raeder winning "The Prize of Peril", but being dragged away after presumably having a mental breakdown, or merely "not being 'himself' at the moment," according to Terry.

## Adaptations

The story was adapted as a 1970 German television film Das Millionenspiel and a 1983 French film, Le Prix du Danger.
A somewhat similar story was written by Stephen King in 1982, The Running Man.
# 504 Boyz

504 Boyz were an American hip hop group from New Orleans, Louisiana, named for the New Orleans area code.
The original 504 Boyz, Master P (as "Nino Brown"), Mystikal (as "G. Money"), Silkk the Shocker (as "Vito"), C-Murder, and Krazy, released their first album, Goodfellas, in 2000. It included the hit single "Wobble Wobble", a "bounce-flavored song" which peaked at #17 in the U.S.
In 2002, new members were introduced as part of the New No Limit rebrand. Choppa, Currensy, Afficial, and T-Bo were on the 2002 album Ballers, which produced a minor hit single Tight Whips. C-Murder was arrested for murdering a fan in 2001.
After Hurricane Katrina hit New Orleans in 2005, 504 Boyz released a benefit compilation We Gon Bounce Back, their third and final album.

## Discography
### Studio albums

List of studio albums, with selected chart positions :
| Title | Album details | Peak chart positions | Peak chart positions | Certifications |
| Title | Album details | US | US R&B | Certifications |
| Goodfellas | Released: May 2, 2000 Label: No Limit / Priority Format: CD, cassette, digital download | 2 | 1 | RIAA: Gold |
| Ballers | Released: December 10, 2002 Label: New No Limit / Universal Format: CD, cassette, digital download | 49 | 13 | |
| Hurricane Katrina: We Gon Bounce Back | Released: November 8, 2005 Label: Guttar Format: CD, digital download | — | — | |

### Singles

List of singles as lead artist :
| Title | Year | Peak chart positions | Peak chart positions | Peak chart positions | Album |
| Title | Year | US | US R&B | US Rap | Album |
| "Wobble Wobble" | 2000 | 17 | 2 | 1 | Goodfellas |
| "Tight Whips" | 2002 | — | 51 | — | Ballers |
# Luigi Ulivelli

Luigi Ulivelli (8 September 1935 – 17 February 2010) was an athlete from Italy, who mainly competed in the long jump.

## Biography

He represented his native country at the 1960 Summer Olympics in Rome, Italy. He was born in Corazzano, Pisa. Ulivelli was selected for Italy five times prior to the 1960 Olympics, which was his first major international meet. There he sustained an injury in qualifying that ended his career. In 1955, Ulivelli won the long jump gold at the Mediterranean Games. He has 6 caps in national team from 1954 to 1960.

## Olympic results

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Event | Performance | Note |
| 1960 | Olympic Games | Rome | Qual. | Long jump | NM | |
# Alan Cotter (rowing)

Alan Cotter (born 24 November 1956) is a retired New Zealand rowing coxswain. He was the High Performance Director for Rowing New Zealand from 2008 to 2018.
Cotter was born in 1956 in Ngāruawāhia. He won medals with the men's eight at the 1978 (bronze) and 1979 World Rowing Championships (silver). He was selected as cox for the men's eight to compete at the 1980 Moscow Olympics but did not compete due to the Olympics boycott.
Cotter later worked as a rowing coach. This included coaching the men's coxed four who won silver at the 1988 Seoul Olympics. In December 2008, he succeeded Andrew Matheson as High Performance Director for Rowing New Zealand; Matheson had not returned to New Zealand from the 2008 Summer Olympics after receiving an offer from Rowing Australia. He faced funding pressure from High Performance Sport New Zealand after missing the target of five rowing medals at the 2016 Rio Olympics, where only three medals were won. He resigned from Rowing New Zealand in August 2018 over allegations of bullying.
# Jesse M. H. Graham

Jesse M. H. Graham (February 8, 1864 – July 25, 1930) was a teacher, newspaper editor, postal worker, and state representative in Tennessee. A Republican, he was elected to represent Montgomery County, Tennessee in 1896 and was the only African American member of the legislature at the time. He was ousted over a residency requirement (he had lived in Louisville until October 1895). A note at the Tennessee State Library and Archives states, "According to several newspaper reports, the General Assembly soon [after] passed a bill blocking the election of black candidates."
# Joseph Ssali

Joseph Ssali (26 December 1967 – 18 November 2003) was a Ugandan sprinter. He competed in the men's 100 metres at the 1988 Summer Olympics.
# Étienne-François Gebauer

Étienne-François Gebauer (7 March 1776 – 1823) was a French composer and flautist.

## Biography

Born in Versailles, the son of a German regimental musician, Étienne-François Gebauer was the brother of Michel-Joseph Gebauer, François-René Gebauer, Pierre-Paul Gebauer and Jean-Luc Gebauer, all musicians and composers.
He began his musical studies under the direction of his elder brother Michel-Joseph Gebauer and then received a formation to flute from Antoine Hugot. He entered the orchestra of the Opera-Comique in 1801 as second flute, then became first flute in 1813, but retired in 1822 for health reasons. He died in Paris a few months later.
As a composer, he wrote many works, especially for his instrument, the flute.

## Works

* 19 works of duets for 2 flutes
* several works of duets for 2 violins
* flute sonatas with bass accompaniment, Op. 8 and Op. 14
* more than 100 solos detached for solo flute, varied tunes, etc.
* gamut for flute followed by 18 arias
* varied tunes for clarinet
* 3 easy duets, for flute and violin, ed. Amadeus
* 12 variations on Que ne suis-je la fougère ?, for solo flute, ed. Billaudot
* Concert duo Op. 16 n° 3, for clarinet and violin, ed. Breitkopf & Härtel (Musica Rara)
* 3 duets Op. 24, for 2 flutes, ed. Universal Edition
* 6 easy duets Op. 4, for 2 flutes
* 6 duos of an easy to use version for beginners Op. 5, for 2 flutes
* 6 duos of an easy to use version for beginners Pp. 6, for 2 clarinets
* 6 flute sonatas with bass accompaniment Op. 8
* 6 duets Op. 9, for flute and violin
* 3 concertant duos Op. 11, for 2 clarinets
* 6 concertant duets Op. 16, for clarinet and violin
* 6 duets Op. 20, for 2 flutes
* 6 concertant duets Op. 21, for 2 flutes
* 6 easy and brilliant duets Op. 24, for 2 flutes

## Sources

* François-Joseph Fétis, Biographie universelle des musiciens, volume 3, Paris, Firmin-Didot, 1866, (p. 434).
# HMS Fawn (1856)

HMS Fawn was a Royal Navy 17-gun Cruizer-class sloop launched in 1856. She served on the Australia, North America and Pacific stations before being converted to a survey ship in 1876. She was sold and broken up in 1884.

## Construction

Fawn was launched on 30 September 1856 from Deptford Dockyard.

## Australia station

She was commissioned at Sheerness on 30 October 1859 and until 1863 served on the Australia Station.

## North America station

She refitted at Sheerness in 1863, and from 1864 to 1868 served on the North America and West Indies Station (Halifax, Nova Scotia and Bermuda). On 29 May 1866, she was driven ashore. Repairs cost £1,600. Nobody was found to be to blame for the incident.

## Pacific station

After a second refit at Sheerness in 1869 she went to the Pacific Station in Esquimalt, British Columbia, where she remained until 1875.

## Survey ship

In 1876 she was converted to a survey ship, and in this role she surveyed areas of the east coast of Africa, the Sea of Marmara and the Mediterranean. She was under the command of Commander William Wharton from 1 June 1876 to 1 January 1880 and then under the command of Commander Pelham Aldrich until paying off.

## Fate

On 6 April 1883 she paid off, and she was sold for breaking the next year.

## Citations

* 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Winfield (2004), pp. 213–215
* ↑ Bastock, p. 33.
* 1 2 3 4 "HMS Fawn". William Loney website. Retrieved 17 March 2010.
* ↑ "Naval Disasters Since 1860". Hampshire Telegraph. No. 4250. Portsmouth. 10 May 1873.
# Mladějov

Mladějov is a municipality and village in Jičín District in the Hradec Králové Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 600 inhabitants.

## Administrative division

Mladějov consists of eight municipal parts (in brackets population according to the 2021 census):
* Mladějov (239)
* Bacov (16)
* Hubojedy (52)
* Kozlov (15)
* Loveč (32)
* Pařízek (19)
* Roveň (82)
* Střeleč (38)
# Lány (Chrudim District)

Lány is a municipality and village in Chrudim District in the Pardubice Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 300 inhabitants.

## Administrative division

Lány consists of two municipal parts (in brackets population according to the 2021 census):
* Lány (242)
* Kozojedy (54)
# Saveri

Saveri (pronounced sāvēri) is a Carnatic music ragam. This raga is a janya of the 15th Melakarta raga Mayamalavagowla. This raga brings out karuna rasa, i.e. it brings mood of compassion.

## Structure and Lakshana

This ragam is an Audava-Sampurna ragam (five notes in the ascending scale and seven notes in the descending scale).
* ārohaṇa: S R₁ M₁ P D₁ Ṡ
* avarohaṇa: Ṡ N₃ D₁ P M₁ G₃ R₁ S
The notes are shuddha rishabham, shuddha madhyamam and shuddha dhaivatam in ascending scale and kakali nishadam, shuddha dhaivatam, shuddha madhyamam, antara gandharam and shuddha rishabham in descent. The two swaras which give the raga such a characteristic are R (Rishabham) and D (Dhaivatham).

## Select compositions

* Sarasuda, a tanavarnam composed by Kotavasal Venkatarama Iyer, set to Adi tala
* Saveriha, a padavarnam set to Adi tala and Vanajaksha, a tanavarnam set to Ata tala composed by Maharaja Swathi Thirunal
* Sankari Sankuru, Sripathi Mukha, Durusuga Kripa Juchi, Sarasakshi Sada Pahimam(Geetham) and Janani Natajana composed by Shyama Sastri
* Bhavayaami Raghuraamam (first raga used in this ragamalika), Anjaneya Raghuraamam, Paripahi Ganadhipa, Pahimam Sripadmanabha, Pahi Saarasanaabha and Devi Pavane (Navarathri third day krithi) by Maharaja Swathi Thirunal
* Raama Baana, Tulasi Jagajjanani, Intha Thaamasamaithe, Paraashakthi Manuparaadaa, Chalu Chalu Nee, Balamu Kulamu Ela Raama Bhakthi, Karmame Balavantamaaye and Daridaapu Leka – composed by Sadhguru Thyagarajaswami
* Kari Kalabha Mukham in Tisra Ekam and Sri Rajagopala in Adi composed by Muthuswamy Dikshitar
* Etu Namminavo Manasa by Patnam Subramania Iyer
* Pahimam Girithanaye and Somapoma composed by Irayimman Thampi
* Velayya Daya composed by Koteeswara Iyer
* Sriramula divyanama by Bhadrachala Ramadasu
* Murugu Muruga by Periyasaamy Thooran
* Venkataramanane baro, Parakumadade, Barayya Venkataramana by Purandaradasa
* Bhasurangi Bale and Hemopameyaangi two padams by Swathi Thirunal
* Janakasutha a Geetham
* Kapali iruka, muruga Muzhumathi by Papanasam sivan

## Related rāgams

This section covers the theoretical and scientific aspect of this rāgam.

### Scale similarities

* Karnataka Shuddha Saveri is a pentatonic scale which has a symmetric descending scale as the ascending scale, which is same as the ascending scale of Saveri, while Saveri has a sampurna descending scale. Its ārohaṇa-avarohaṇa structure is S R1 M1 P D1 S : S D1 P M1 R1 S
* Malahari is a audava-shadava scale (5 notes in ascending and 6 in descending scale) that resembles Saveri. Its ascending scale has shuddha madhyamam in place of antara gandharam, while the nishadham is dropped in descending scale. Its ārohaṇa-avarohaṇa structure is S R1 M1 P D1 S : S D1 P M1 G3 R1 S
# Hanoverian Waterloo Medal

The Hanoverian Waterloo Medal was issued to all members of the Hanoverian Army who fought in the battles of Quatre Bras and Waterloo 16–18 June 1815.

## History

The Hanoverian Waterloo Medal, like the British Waterloo Medal, has a profile and laureate head of the Prince Regent to the right, with the legend "GEORG. PRINZ. REGENT, 1815", round it.
On the reverse are two branches of laurel and a breastplate, with two spears and two colours crossed on either side; underneath is the date, "WATERLOO JUN. XVIII.", and, above, in Roman letters, "HANNOVERSCHER TAPFERKEIT" (lit. 'Hannoverian Bravery'). Round the rim are the soldier's name, regiment, etc.
This medal was founded by George, the Prince Regent in December 1817, and was awarded to every soldier in the Hanoverian Army who was present at the Battle of Waterloo. It is suspended by a crimson ribbon with light blue borders, and the owner was permitted to wear this ribbon without the medal, contrary to the rule which prevailed in Britain.
Unlike also the custom in Britain at the time it was issued, the medal remained the property of the soldier, and if he left the military service, he was still allowed to wear it. It could not, however, under any circumstances, be transferred from one soldier to another, but after the death of the first recipient of it, it was ordered that it should remain in his family as an heirloom. The Hanoverian troops, excluding those of the King's German Legion, present on the 16, 17 and 18 June at Battle of Quatre Bras and Waterloo, under the command of General Charles Alten, amounted to almost 16,900 men, equivalent to 18% of Wellington's Allied Army.

## Gallery

* The medal with ribbon
* Front
* Reverse
* Edge
* Ribbon

## Recipients

* James Frederick Lyon
# Brenda Archer

Brenda Archer (born 17 September 1942 in Georgetown, Demerara-Mahaica) is a retired female track and field athlete from Guyana. She competed in the high jump, and represented her native country at the 1960 Summer Olympics in Rome, Italy, finishing in 20th place.
# Francis E. Rivers

Francis E. Rivers (died July 28, 1975) was an American lawyer and judge who served in the New York State Assembly. He was a Republican. His father, David Foote Rivers, was a state representative in Tennessee.
He was the first African American to serve on the City Court of New York City (now the New York City Civil Court). In 1932, W. E. B. Du Bois wrote to Rivers seeking information about Dr. Hinton of Boston who Du Bois wanted to nominate for a Spingarn Medal. In 1966 he presented an award to Thurgood Marshall.
Several prominent members of the American Bar Association threatened to quit when Rivers was denied membership in the organization, which did not have any African American members. He defeated incumbent Abraham Grenthal in the 1929 election for state Assembly and served in the 153rd New York State Legislature in 1930.
# Sabine Reuter

Sabine Reuter (born 15 August 1956) is a distinguished German rower. Her participations include competing in the women's quadruple sculls event at the 1984 Summer Olympics.
# Paul Meldrum

Paul Meldrum (born 13 September 1960) is a former Australian rules footballer who played for Carlton in the Victorian Football League (VFL) during the 1980s.
Meldrum was a versatile footballer could play anywhere on the ground, and made his debut for Carlton in 1982. He played 158 games for the club, including playing in their winning 1987 VFL Grand Final team. In the same year Meldrum finished equal 3rd in the Brownlow Medal count and represented Victoria in interstate football.
# Pennine Five

Pennine Five (P5), known as the Pennine Centre prior to 2020, is a tower on Tenter Street in Sheffield, England. Construction started in 1973 on this immense building and was completed in 1975.
The tower is 50 m (164 ft) tall and has 13 floors of office space. It was built in the International style, like the Arts Tower in Sheffield and Tower 42 in London.
The Pennine Centre was built for HSBC and used as their regional headquarters. HSBC moved to a new-build regional headquarters at Charter Square on the other side of the city centre in 2019. The unoccupied building was subsequently purchased by RBH Properties for £18 million, who then carried out a £30 million refurbishment of the complex, rebranding it as Pennine Five or P5. The first phase of the refurbished project, codenamed Block Three, reopened for commercial use in June 2020.

## Gallery

* The Pennine Centre when occupied by HSBC in 2009, prior to refurbishment
# List of monuments in Jhapa, Nepal

This is a list of monuments in Jhapa District, Nepal as officially recognized by and available through the website of the Department of Archaeology, Nepal. Jhapa is a district of Province No. 1 and is located in eastern parts of Nepal. Hindu temples are the main attraction of this district.

## List of monuments

| ID | Name | District | Image |
| NP-JHA-01 | Arjundhara Temple | Jhapa | Arjundhara Temple More images Upload Photo |
| NP-JHA-02 | Dhanus Koti Temple | Jhapa | Dhanus Koti Temple More images Upload Photo |
| NP-JHA-03 | Kankai Dham | Jhapa | Upload Photo Upload Photo |
| NP-JHA-04 | Kichak Badh Temple | Jhapa | Upload Photo Upload Photo |
# Percy Evans (cricketer)

Percy Stanbrook Evans (20 July 1894 – 17 January 1959) was a British first-class cricketer who played five matches for Worcestershire in 1928.
Evans made a significant contribution, when on debut against Glamorgan he took 3-84, dismissing Dai Davies, Frank Ryan and Dennis Sullivan.