OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Diterpene

Diterpenes are a class of terpenes composed of four isoprene units, often with the molecular formula C$_{20}$H$_{32}$. They are biosynthesized by plants, animals and fungi via the HMG-CoA reductase pathway, with geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate being a primary intermediate. Diterpenes form the basis for biologically important compounds such as retinol, retinal, and phytol. Some diterpenes are known to be antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory.

## Structures

As with most terpenes a huge number of potential structures exists, which may be broadly divided according to the number of rings present.
| Number of rings | Examples |
| 0 | Phytane |
| 1 | Cembrene A |
| 2 | Sclarene, Labdane |
| 3 | Abietane, Taxadiene |
| 4 | Stemarene, Stemodene |

## Biosynthesis

Diterpenes are derived from the addition of one IPP unit to FPP to form geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (GGPP). From GGPP, structural diversity is achieved mainly by two classes of enzymes; the diterpene synthases and cytochromes P450. Several diterpenes are produced by plants and cyanobacteria. GGPP is also the precursor for the synthesis of the phytane by the action of the enzyme geranylgeranyl reductase. This compound is used for the biosynthesis of tocopherols and the phytyl functional group is used in the formation of chlorophyll a, ubiquinones, plastoquinone and phylloquinone.

## Diterpenoids

Diterpenes are formally defined as being hydrocarbons and thus contain no heteroatoms. Functionalized structures should instead be called diterpenoids, although in scientific literature the two terms are often used interchangeably. Although a wide range of terpene structures exist, few of them are biologically significant; by contrast, diterpenoids possess a rich pharmacology and include important compounds such as retinol, phytol or taxadiene.

### Taxanes

Taxanes are class of diterpenoids featuring a taxadiene core. They are produced by plants of the genus Taxus (yew trees) and are widely used as chemotherapy agents.

## Other

* Dodonaea petiolaris yields the diterpene ent-3β-acetoxy-15,16-epoxylabda-8(17),13(16),14-trien-18-oic acid (C$_{22}$H$_{28}$O$_6$) or its enantiomer.
* Salvia divinorum yields Salvinorin A, a psychotropic drug
# Alexander Yakovlev (diplomat)

Alexander Yakovlev was a long-serving tenured member of the United Nations procurement department who was involved in the Oil-for-Food Programme scandal and had other allegations of impropriety.

## Diplomat activity

Yakovlev worked in the UN Secretariat since 1985. In 1993, Yakovlev signed a permanent contract with the UN as a private individual (without secondment by the Russian Federation).
Yakovlev resigned on June 23, 2005. On August 8, 2005, United Nations Secretary-General Kofi Annan waived the diplomatic immunity of Alexander Yakovlev upon a request from the U.S. Attorney's Office, and Yakovlev apparently had been taken into custody, said Mark Malloch Brown, Annan's chief of staff. Yakovlev's case (1:2005-cr-00819) was assigned to Southern District of New York.
The same day he pleaded guilty to wire fraud under the Oil-for-Food Programme, making him the first U.N. official to face criminal charges in connection with the scandal-tainted operation. He was released under bond of $400,000.
Alexander Yakovlev also pleaded guilty in federal court to charges of wire fraud and money laundering for accepting hundreds of thousands of dollars in bribes from U.N. contractors in his work outside oil-for-food. He could have faced up to 20 years in prison for each of the three counts. His Brooklyn-based criminal lawyer Arkady L. Bukh said it could take several years until Yakovlev was sentenced. On December 22, 2010 he was sentenced to time served, 2 years of supervised release and was ordered to forfeit $900,000.

## Controversies

The diplomat was accused by the investigators of taking nearly $1 million in bribes, which also includes alleged illicit dealings with Compass Group PLC's subsidiary Eurest Support Services (ESS) and its terminated CEO Peter R. Harris and senior executive Andy Seiwert.
Yakovlev is alleged to have conducted himself improperly in 1996 when he indirectly tried to get bribes from Société Générale de Surveillance S.A.
# Ed Parks

Edward Harry "Mickey" Parks (December 4, 1915 – September, 1976) was an American football player. He was one of nine children and his parents were James Hiram and Laura Belle Robbins Parks. He graduated from Shawnee (Oklahoma) High School in 1933. Parks played college football at the University of Oklahoma and was named All-Big 6 twice. He was drafted in the ninth round of the 1938 NFL draft by the Washington Redskins. He played for the Washington Redskins for three years, earning All-Pro honors. He was center on the 1940 Eastern League Championship team that was defeated by the Chicago Bears, 73–0. One of his teammates was Sammy Baugh. After serving in the military in World War II he played in the All-America Football Conference (AAFC) for the Chicago Rockets.
# Nathaniel Phillips Smith Thomas

Nathaniel Phillips Smith Thomas (November 17, 1844 – May 12, 1890) was an American politician.
Thomas, son of Allen M. and Charlotte P. (Smith) Thomas, was born in Wickford, Rhode Island, November 17, 1844. Before entering Yale College he served as Commodore's Aid in the United States Navy. After graduation in 1868 he began the study of law in Providence, but soon went to the Law School of Columbia College, where he completed the course in May, 1870. His professional career began in Minneapolis, but in 1873 he returned to Wickford to reside, and opened the same year a law-office in Providence, where he continued until his death. He built up a good law business, and also took a prominent part in State politics. He was elected to the Rhode Island General Assembly in 1874, and again in 1875, and from 1874 to 1879 was Clerk of the Rhode Island State Senate; he was also for many years Secretary of the Republican State Central Committee. From 1879 to 1889 he was one of the State Commissioners of Shell Fisheries, and gave much time and study to that work. For more than two years he had been a sufferer from angina pectoris, and during a visit to Europe last January he was seriously ill with la grippe and pneumonia, from which he never fully recovered. He died suddenly at his home in Providence, May 12, 1890, in his 46th year. He was unmarried.
This article incorporates public domain material from the 1890 Yale Obituary Record.
# Pakistan Mazdoor Kissan Party

The Pakistan Mazdoor Kissan Party (PMKP) was a political party in Pakistan founded in 1974 by Afzal Khamosh.
On 20 December 2015, it merged with the Communist Mazdoor Kissan Party, forming the current Mazdoor Kisan Party.
# Marguerite Radideau

Marguerite Radideau (5 March 1907 – 14 March 1978) was a French sprinter and basketball player who participated in early women's international competitions. She won two gold, one silver, and one bronze at the 1926 Women's World Games and competed in the 1928 Olympic Games.

## Athletic career

Radideau competed at the 1924 Women's Olympiad winning the bronze medal in running 100 yards. She competed in 60–250 m events at the 1926 Women's World Games and won two gold, one silver and one bronze medal. She participated in the 1928 Olympic Games at Amsterdam, she placed fourth in the 4 x 100 metres relay (alongside Yolande Plancke, Georgette Gagneux and Lucienne Velu) and failed to reach the final of the 100 m event.
Radideau was also a basketball player for Linnet's de Saint-Maur and won three French Champion titles in 1928, 1929, and 1930. With the French national team, she competed in the 1930 European Championship where she won gold and in the 1930 World Championship in which she won silver. She was inducted into the French Basketball Hall of Fame in 2020.
Radideau stopped competing in 1931 after her marriage.

## Personal life

Radideau married Emile Schoebel, a diver who participated in the 1932 Summer Olympics, in 1931. Their son, Pierre Schoebel, was a French hurdler who participated in the 1968 Summer Olympics.
# Pound Puppies (film)

Pound Puppies is an animated television special, produced by Hanna-Barbera Productions, based on the popular toy line from Tonka, which aired in syndication on October 26, 1985, paired with Star Fairies. The story is a spoof of the 1963 film The Great Escape.
Characters in the special included the Fonzie-styled leader Cooler (voiced by Dan Gilvezan), the cheerleader Bright Eyes (voiced by Adrienne Alexander), and a dog with a very nasal like New York accent known only as "The Nose" (voiced by Joanne Worley), and the goofy inventor aptly named Howler (voiced by Frank Welker), who can only howl.

## Plot

A female dog from a wealthy aristocratic family named Violet Vanderfeller is being pursued by dognappers when she is picked up and taken to the city pound. There, she meets the gang and discovers their mission to find homes for themselves. The film plot centers on Violet (whom Cooler insists on referring to as "Sam") attempting to reunite with her family, ultimately succeeding. Two other dogs appeared in the special. They were the upper-class snob Barkerville and the garbage-can-digging Scrounger.

## Voice cast

* Charles Adler – Flack
* Adrienne Alexander – Bright Eyes
* Ed Begley, Jr. – Arnold
* Sorrell Booke – The Mayor
* Vicky Carroll – The Doc
* Laura Duff - Additional Voice
* June Foray – Mother Superior
* Henry Gibson – Nabbit
* Dan Gilvezan – Cooler
* Gail Matthius – Violet
* Don Messick – Louie, Itchy
* Garrett Morris – The Chief
* Alan Oppenheimer – Barker
* Ron Palillo – Scrounger
* Avery Schreiber – Tubbs
* Frank Welker – Howler, Catgut, Snichey
* Jonathan Winters – Bigelow
* Joanne Worley – Nose

## Home media

The special was released on VHS in 1986 by Family Home Entertainment and is available on a DVD which comes with certain Pound Puppies toys.
# Boxelder Creek (Grand River tributary)

Boxelder Creek is a stream in the U.S. state of South Dakota. It is a tributary of the Grand River.
Boxelder Creek was named for the box elder trees on its course.
# 1934 Lambeth North by-election

The 1934 Lambeth North by-election was held on 23 October 1934. The by-election was held due to the death of the incumbent Liberal MP, Frank Briant. It was won by the Labour candidate George Strauss who had previously been the MP for Lambeth North but lost it to Briant (who had also previously been an MP for the seat) in the landslide defeat for Labour in 1931.

## Electoral history

General election 1931: Lambeth North :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Liberal | Frank Briant | 16,368 | 65.1 | +23.3 |
| | Labour | George Strauss | 8,766 | 34.9 | −8.9 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 7,602 | 30.2 | N/A |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 25,134 | 64.6 | −1.6 |
| | Liberal gain from Labour | Liberal gain from Labour | Swing | +16.1 | |

## Result

Lambeth North by-election, 1934 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Labour | George Strauss | 11,281 | 57.9 | +23.0 |
| | Liberal | J. W. Simpson | 4,968 | 25.5 | −39.6 |
| | National Labour | Frank Markham | 2,927 | 15.0 | New |
| | Independent | Alice S.G. Brown | 305 | 1.6 | New |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 6,313 | 32.4 | N/A |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 37,064 | 52.6 | −12.0 |
| | Labour gain from Liberal | Labour gain from Liberal | Swing | +31.3 | |
# D. D. Lapang

Donwa Dethwelson Lapang (born 10 April 1934), popularly known as Dr. D. D. Lapang, is a politician from Meghalaya, India, and a former Chief Minister of Meghalaya.

## Early life and Political career

He started his life as a road labourer and worked his way up to become Sub-Inspector of schools. His father's name was Donwa War. In 1958, he married Amethyst Lynda Jomes Blah.
In 1972 he became MLA (Member of Legislative Assembly) from Nongpoh as an independent candidate. And later in 1992 to February, 1993 he was the state Chief Minister. On 4 March 2003 he was again sworn in as Chief Minister. He resigned from the position on 15 June 2006 due to dissidence in the coalition government.
He took office as Chief Minister again in March 2007. His party, the Indian National Congress, won a plurality of seats in the March 2008 state legislative election, and Lapang was sworn in as Chief Minister on 10 March 2008, but with the support of only 28 members of the 60 seat legislature, he resigned on 19 March.
He became chief minister for a fourth time on 13 May 2009, after the state was under President's Rule for two months, and resigned on 19 April 2010.
# Krugersdrift Dam

The Krugersdrift Dam in the Modder River is 35 km northwest of Bloemfontein, Free State Province of South Africa with a capacity of 73.2 million cubic metres. It was built in 1970 with a wall length of 3114 m, height of 26 m and a surface area of 1 853 ha. The huge dam is very shallow and can lose its water in a short period of time due to usage and evaporation. The dam is situated in the Soetdoring Nature Reserve and holds yellowfish, Orange River mudfish, barbel and carp.
It is a popular birding venue with large numbers of South African shelduck, Spur-winged geese and Egyptian geese. Access to the reserve is from the Bloemfontein-Bultfontein road (R700) or from the Bloemfontein-Kimberley road (R64); the reserve is about 40 kilometres from Bloemfontein's city centre.
# Engelsberg

Engelsberg is a municipality in the district of Traunstein in Bavaria in Germany.
# 1996 in the United Arab Emirates

Events from the year 1996 in the United Arab Emirates.

## Incumbents

* President: Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan
* Prime Minister: Maktoum bin Rashid Al Maktoum

## Events

* 1996 Dubai World Cup
* United Arab Emirates at the 1996 Summer Olympics
# Bracken Creek

Bracken Creek is a small, mostly intermittent stream in Webster County, Missouri. It is a tributary of the Osage Fork Gasconade River.
The stream source is at: 37°19′43″N 92°45′33″W﻿ / ﻿37.32861°N 92.75917°W﻿ / 37.32861; -92.75917 and the confluence is at 37°22′26″N 92°47′23″W﻿ / ﻿37.37389°N 92.78972°W﻿ / 37.37389; -92.78972. The stream headwaters are northeast of Bracken and it flows north then northwest roughly parallel to Missouri Route JJ to its confluence with Osage Fork south of Route M and east-southeast of Niangua.
Bracken Creek has the name of the local Bracken family. The Brackens settled near the creek in about 1850.
# Murder of Gareth O'Connor

Gareth Paul O'Connor (1978/1979 – c. May 2003) was a member of the Real IRA who was murdered in 2003.

## Disappearance

O'Connor disappeared after driving through Newtownhamilton in 2003, en route to Dundalk Garda station, where he regularly reported as part of bail conditions imposed after he was charged in the Republic of Ireland with membership of the Real IRA.
In May 2003, Monsignor Denis Faul stated that he believed an armed group was involved in O'Connor's disappearance:
   What I'm really afraid of is that he will join the 'disappeared'. I've spoken to his family about this, that they might never see him again. If he is dead, and we hope he is not, they might not be able to bury him. I have been dealing with people who have been missing their dear ones for 28 years.

## Discovery of body

On 11 June 2005, O'Connor's body was discovered in his car in Newry Canal, County Down. His father, Mark, believes that the Provisional IRA were responsible for the murder, as they had threatened father and son. Mark O'Connor said: "I gave those names [of the killers] to Gerry Kelly [Sinn Féin assembly member]. But nothing has been done. Gerry Adams ignores us and ignores all the families of the Disappeared."
A Sinn Féin spokesperson said:
   The IRA have made it clear that they were not involved in the disappearance of Gareth O'Connor. We accept totally this statement. It is our belief that the family should look towards either the republican micro organisation Gareth O'Connor was suspected to be involved with or the Special Branch he was alleged to be working for to further their search for justice. Gerry Adams is deeply committed to this issue and to seeing this injustice ended.
# Jim Acker

James Justin Acker (born September 24, 1958) is an American former Major League Baseball pitcher who played from 1983 to 1992. He played college baseball at the University of Texas.
Acker was drafted in the first round by the Atlanta Braves in the 1980 Major League Baseball Draft and was a member of the Toronto Blue Jays teams that won the 1985, 1989, and 1991 American League East division. He also played for the Seattle Mariners.

## Professional career
### Toronto Blue Jays

He was drafted by the Atlanta Braves in the first round (21st selection) of the 1980 Major League Baseball Draft. On December 6, 1982, he was drafted by the Toronto Blue Jays from the Atlanta Braves in the 1982 Rule 5 Draft. He pitched for the Jays for four years performing mainly as a relief pitcher.

### Atlanta Braves

On July 6, 1986, Acker was traded by the Blue Jays to the Atlanta Braves for pitcher Joe Johnson. He spent four years with the Braves, compiling a record of 7–27 with 16 saves and a 3.71 ERA in 169 games.
On August 24, 1989, Acker was traded by the Braves back to the Toronto Blue Jays for Francisco Cabrera and Tony Castillo.

### Toronto Blue Jays (second tenure)

Acker spent part of the 1989 year and the complete 1990 and 1991 seasons back with the Blue Jays. In his entire seven-year career with the Jays he compiled a record of 26–22 with 14 saves and an ERA of 4.07 in 281 games. On October 31, 1991, he was granted free agency.

### Seattle Mariners

Acker signed as a free agent with the Seattle Mariners on February 2, 1992. He appeared in 17 games with the Mariners, compiling a 5.28 ERA, before he was released on July 21, 1992.

### Retirement

Acker ended his baseball career after six appearances with the Oklahoma City 89ers, the Texas Rangers Triple-A affiliate, in 1993.

### Career statistics

In 467 major league games, Acker compiled a 33–49 record with 32 games started, 159 games finished, 30 saves, 329 walks, 482 strikeouts and a 3.97 ERA.
He was an excellent fielding pitcher, recording a .992 fielding percentage with only two errors in 236 total chances in 904.1 innings pitched. Both his miscues were against the Milwaukee Brewers on June 25, 1984, and September 24, 1989.
# Intentional harassment, alarm or distress

Intentional harassment, alarm or distress is a statutory offence in England and Wales. It is an aggravated form of the offence of harassment, alarm or distress under section 5 of the Public Order Act 1986.

## The offence

The offence is created by section 4A of the Public Order Act 1986, which was inserted by section 154 of the Criminal Justice and Public Order Act 1994:
   :(1) A person is guilty of an offence if, with intent to cause a person harassment, alarm or distress, he:
          (a) uses threatening, abusive or insulting words or behaviour, or disorderly behaviour, or
          (b) displays any writing, sign or other visible representation which is threatening, abusive or insulting
       thereby causing that or another person harassment, alarm or distress.
       (2) An offence under this section may be committed in a public or a private place, except that no offence is committed where the words or behaviour are used, or the writing, sign or other visible representation is displayed, by a person inside a dwelling and the person who is harassed, alarmed or distressed is also inside that or another dwelling.
       (3) It is a defence for the accused to prove:
          (a) that he was inside a dwelling and had no reason to believe that the words or behaviour used, or the writing, sign or other visible representation displayed, would be heard or seen by a person outside that or any other dwelling, or
          (b) that his conduct was reasonable.

## Mode of trial and sentence

This is a summary offence. It is punishable with imprisonment for a term not exceeding six months, or a fine not exceeding level 5 on the standard scale, or both.

## Arrest

Section 4A(4) of the 1986 Act formerly provided that a constable (or designated person) could arrest without warrant anyone he reasonably suspected was committing this offence. This was repealed by section 174 of, and Part 2 of Schedule 17 to, the Serious Organised Crime and Police Act 2005.

## Racially or religiously aggravated offence

Section 31(1)(b) of the Crime and Disorder Act 1998 (c.37) creates the distinct offence of racially or religiously aggravated intentional harassment, alarm or distress.
# 1997 in the United Arab Emirates

Events from the year 1997 in the United Arab Emirates.

## Incumbents

* President: Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan
* Prime Minister: Maktoum bin Rashid Al Maktoum

## Incidents

* Tajikistan Airlines Flight 3183 - flight crash.
* This United Arab Emirates-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
* This Middle Eastern history–related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
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* This year in Asia article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# Padang Lalang

Padang Lalang is a state constituency in Penang, Malaysia, that has been represented in the Penang State Legislative Assembly.
The state constituency was first contested in 1986 and is mandated to return a single assemblyman to the Penang State Legislative Assembly under the first-past-the-post voting system. It has been represented by Member of the State Executive Council (EXCO) Daniel Gooi Zi Sen since 2023.

## Definition
### Polling districts

According to the federal gazette issued on 30 March 2018, the Padang Lalang constituency is divided into 7 polling districts.
| State constituency | Polling District | Code | Location |
| Padang Lalang (N15) | Kampong Cross Street 1 | 045/15/01 | SK Sungai Rambai |
| Padang Lalang (N15) | Station Road | 045/15/02 | SMK Convent (M) Bukit Mertajam |
| Padang Lalang (N15) | High School | 045/15/03 | SMK Tinggi Bukit Mertajam |
| Padang Lalang (N15) | Bukit Kechil | 045/15/04 | SJK (C) Keow Kuang |
| Padang Lalang (N15) | Desa Damai | 045/15/05 | SMJK Jit Sin |
| Padang Lalang (N15) | Taman Keenways | 045/15/06 | SK Alma |
| Padang Lalang (N15) | Taman Binjai | 045/15/07 | SMJK Jit Sin |

## Demographics

Ethnic breakdown of Padang Lalang's electorate as of 2023
Total electors by polling district in 2016 :
| Polling district | Electors |
| Kampong Cross Street 1 | 2,958 |
| Station Road | 2,143 |
| High School | 3,870 |
| Bukit Kechil | 3,506 |
| Desa Damai | 5,517 |
| Taman Keenways | 5,092 |
| Taman Binjai | 3,075 |
| Total | 26,161 |
| Source: Malaysian Election Commission ||

## History

Penang State Legislative Assemblyman for Padang Lalang :
| Assembly | Years | Member | Party |
| Constituency created from Bukit Tengah ||||
| 11th | 2004 – 2008 | Tan Teik Cheng | BN (MCA) |
| 12th | 2008 – 2013 | Tan Cheong Heng | PR (DAP) |
| 13th | 2013 – 2018 | Chong Eng | PR (DAP) |
| 14th | 2018 – 2023 | Chong Eng | PH (DAP) |
| 15th | 2023–present | Daniel Gooi Zi Sen | PH (DAP) |

## Election results

The electoral results for the Padang Lalang state constituency from 2004 to 2023 are as follows.
# Savage Dam

Savage Dam is a dam across the Otay River in the San Ysidro Mountains of southwestern San Diego County, California. It is a concrete arch gravity structure 149 feet (45 m) high, and serves to store water from the San Diego Aqueduct's third pipeline for backup municipal uses in the San Diego metropolitan area. It is just over 6 miles (9.7 km) southeast of Chula Vista and 4 miles (6.4 km) north of the Mexico-US border. The dam is named in honor of H. N. Savage, who directed its construction.
The dam was originally completed in 1897 as an earthfill and steel structure called Otay Dam by the Southern California Mountain Water Company to provide water storage. However, in 1916, heavy rains supposedly brought on by Charles Hatfield, a "rainmaker", hired by the city of San Diego to put an end to a drought, caused the dam to burst. The failure sent a wall of water 40 feet (12 m) high downstream, destroying buildings and bridges, and washing thousands of tons of sediment and wreckage into San Diego Bay. 11 Japanese American farmers were killed. The dam was rebuilt as Savage Dam in 1918, and has functioned properly since.