OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences

The Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences (CAGS; Chinese: 中国地质科学院) is an institution that engages in geoscience research in the People's Republic of China. The academy was established in 1956 and reorganized in 1999. Administratively it is under the PRC Ministry of Land and Resources.

## Research

The academy conducts scientific research on various aspects of geology and geophysics, such as the analytic and exploration techniques of mineral deposit, hydrogeology, engineering geology, environmental geology, karst geology, exploration geophysics and geochemistry.
It is also active in research on paleontology, and was involved in identification of new dinosaurs, including Zhenyuanlong, Xixiasaurus, and a new type of tyrannosaur Qianzhousaurus. as well as other animals such as Castorocauda and Rugosodon.

## Affiliated institutes

The following institutes are affiliated with the Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences:
* Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology (IHEG), CAGS, China
* Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration
* Institute of Geomechanics, CAGS, China
* Institute of Geology, CAGS, China
* Institute of Mineral Resources (IMR), CAGS, China
* National Research Center for Geoanalysis
* Tianjin Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources (TIGMR), CAGS, China
* Institute of Karst Geology, CAGS
* Beijing SHRIMP Center
# Orbital septum

In anatomy, the orbital septum (palpebral fascia) is a membranous sheet that acts as the anterior (frontal) boundary of the orbit. It extends from the orbital rims to the eyelids. It forms the fibrous portion of the eyelids.

## Structure

In the upper eyelid, the orbital septum blends with the tendon of the levator palpebrae superioris, and in the lower eyelid with the tarsal plate.
When the eyes are closed, the whole orbital opening is covered by the septum and tarsi. Medially it is thin, and, becoming separated from the medial palpebral ligament, attaches to the lacrimal bone at its posterior crest. The medial ligament and its much weaker lateral counterpart, attached to the septum and orbit, keep the lids stable as the eye moves.
The septum is perforated by the vessels and nerves which pass from the orbital cavity to the face and scalp.

## Clinical significance

Orbital septum supports the orbital contents located posterior to it, especially orbital fat. The septum can be weakened by trauma or due to hereditary diseases. Anatomical structures important in the blepharoplasty operation (operation to strengthen the orbital septum) are located posterior to the orbital septum.
The orbital septum is an important structure that separates anterior and posterior extent of the orbit. Orbital septum acts as a physical barrier that prevents the infection of the anterior part of the eye spreading posteriorly. For example, preseptal cellulitis mainly infects the eyelids, anterior to the orbital septum. Meanwhile, orbital cellulitis is located posterior the orbital septum, due to infections spreading from the ethmoidal sinuses. The porous lamina papyracea separating the orbit from the ethmoidal sinus causes infection to spread between the orbit and ethmoidal sinuses. Infection of the ethmoidal sinuses can spread to the brain, causing meningitis and cerebral abscess. Orbital cellulitis can also spread to the anterior orbit, by lifting the loosely attached periosteum, causing subperiosteal abscess.

## Imaging

Orbital septum appears as hypointense on both MRI T1 and T2 weighted images, in contrast with surrounding hyperintense fat.
# Kenneth Mellanby

Major Kenneth Mellanby CBE (26 March 1908 – 23 December 1993) was an English ecologist and entomologist. He received the OBE for his work on the scabies mite.

## Life and work

Mellanby was educated at Barnard Castle School and then at King's College, Cambridge in Biology. He gained his PhD at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine on the ability of parasites to survive desiccation. He then worked as a Sorby Research Fellow of the Royal Society in Sheffield.
In the Second World War, he studied the control of scabies mite, an infection that was keeping thousands of soldiers in hospital. Mellanby meticulously counted all female mites that had burrowed into 886 soldiers, and determined that the average scabies sufferer harbors only 11.3 mites.
He carried out research on volunteers, mainly conscientious objectors, at the Sorby Research Institute, which he founded. He showed that the mite was largely unable to survive in bedding. He demonstrated that the disease is spread by the female mite and not males, immature forms, or eggs. He furthermore showed that a single treatment with benzyl benzoate provided a prompt cure. Based on his research, the ministry of health officially determined that disinfection of bedding and garments (knows as 'stoving') was not required to properly treat scabies, thus saving the military an estimated half a million pounds per year. In 1945, he was awarded the OBE for this work.
Mellanby helped to found Nigeria's first university, the University of Ibadan, and was its first principal (1947–1953). Mellanby Hall, the university's first student hall of residence, is named after him.
On his return to England, he worked at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine and then became head of the Entomology Department at Rothamsted Experimental Station. In 1961, Mellanby founded and served as director of the Monks Wood Experimental Station, an ecological research center in Huntingdon, England. He started the journal Environmental Pollution in 1970, and was the author of many books.
Mellanby was a proponent for using DDT for the eradication of pests known to spread malaria. On p. 75 of his book The DDT Story, Mellanby famously wrote:
   [The] consumption of smaller doses in the milligram range appears to be quite harmless. I know that I myself, when lecturing about DDT during the years immediately after World War II, frequently consumed a substantial pinch of DDT, to the consternation of the audience, but with no apparent harm to myself, either then or during the next 40 years.
Mellanby married twice. His first wife, Helen Nielson Dow Mellanby, was a biologist and medical doctor; they had a daughter, biochemist Jane Mellanby. One of his grandsons is curator Edward Impey.
# IROC XXIII

IROC XXIII was the twenty-third season of IROC, the (International Race Of Champions), which started on February 12, 1999. The series used identically prepared Pontiac Firebird Trans Am race cars, and the contested races were held at Daytona International Speedway, Talladega Superspeedway, Michigan International Speedway, and Indianapolis Motor Speedway. Dale Earnhardt won the first three races of the season, including two last lap passes at Daytona and Talladega, and beating his son Dale Earnhardt Jr. at Michigan in a photo finish, to win the championship and $225,000.
The roster of drivers and final points standings were as follows:
| Position | Driver | Points | Winnings | Series |
| 1 | Dale Earnhardt | 75 | $225,000 | NASCAR Winston Cup |
| 2 | Mark Martin | 74 | $100,000 | NASCAR Winston Cup |
| 3 | Bobby Labonte | 53 | $60,000 | NASCAR Winston Cup |
| 4 | Rusty Wallace | 50 | $50,000 | NASCAR Winston Cup |
| 5 | Jeff Gordon | 49 | $45,000 | NASCAR Winston Cup |
| 6 | Kenny Bräck | 34 | $40,000 | Indy Racing League |
| 7 | Eddie Cheever | 31 | $40,000 | Indy Racing League |
| 8 | Dale Jarrett | 30 | $40,000 | NASCAR Winston Cup |
| 9 | Dale Earnhardt Jr. | 29 | $40,000 | NASCAR Busch Series |
| 10 | Adrian Fernandez | 28 | $40,000 | FedEx CART World Series |
| 11 | Jeff Burton | 26 | $40,000 | NASCAR Winston Cup |
| 12 | Greg Moore | 25 | $40,000 | FedEx CART World Series |

## Race Results
### Daytona International Speedway, Race One

* Dale Earnhardt
* Bobby Labonte
* Mark Martin
* Kenny Bräck
* Greg Moore
* Jeff Gordon
* Adrian Fernandez
* Dale Jarrett
* Rusty Wallace
* Dale Earnhardt Jr.
* Eddie Cheever
* Jeff Burton

### Talladega Superspeedway, Race Two

* Dale Earnhardt
* Rusty Wallace
* Mark Martin
* Jeff Gordon
* Kenny Bräck
* Adrian Fernandez
* Bobby Labonte
* Eddie Cheever
* Greg Moore
* Dale Jarrett
* Jeff Burton
* Dale Earnhardt Jr.

### Michigan International Speedway, Race Three

* Dale Earnhardt
* Dale Earnhardt Jr.
* Rusty Wallace
* Bobby Labonte
* Mark Martin
* Jeff Burton
* Jeff Gordon
* Kenny Bräck
* Greg Moore
* Adrian Fernandez
* Dale Jarrett
* Eddie Cheever

### Indianapolis Motor Speedway, Race Four

* Mark Martin
* Jeff Gordon
* Eddie Cheever
* Bobby Labonte
* Rusty Wallace
* Dale Jarrett
* Jeff Burton
* Dale Earnhardt
* Dave Marcis *
* Kenny Bräck
* Dale Earnhardt Jr.
* Greg Moore
# John H. Stephens

John Hall Stephens (November 22, 1847 – November 18, 1924) was an American lawyer and politician who served ten terms as a U.S. representative from Texas from 1897 to 1917.

## Early life and education

Born in Shelby County, Texas, Stephens attended the common schools in Mansfield, Texas. He graduated from Mansfield College, and from the law department of Cumberland University, Lebanon, Tennessee, in 1872.

## Career

After gaining admission to the bar in 1873, he practiced in Montague, Montague County, and Vernon, Wilbarger County, Texas.
He served as a member of the Texas State Senate from 1886 to 1888, and then resumed the practice of law in Vernon, Texas.

### Congress

Stephens was elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-fifth and to the nine succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1897 – March 3, 1917). He served as chair of the Committee on Indian Affairs (Sixty-second through Sixty-fourth Congresses). He was an unsuccessful candidate for renomination in 1916.

## Retirement and death

He moved to Monrovia, California, in 1917, and died there November 18, 1924. He was interred in East View Cemetery, Vernon, Texas.

## Legacy

Stephens County, Oklahoma, was named for him.
# Giuliomaria Turco

Giuliomaria Turco (born 29 March 1982, Verona, Veneto, Italy) is a Venetian independentist, politician and pharmacist.

## Biography

He joined Veneto State (President Alessia Bellon and Secretary Lodovico Pizzati) in the 2012 and he was candidates as mayor of Verona in March 2012. After the judgment of the State Council he was ousted from the electoral race.
In May 2012 Turco switched to Venetian Independence (IV) and was elected as Vice Secretary (Secretary Lodovico Pizzati, President Luca Azzano Cantarutti and Honorary President Alessio Morosin).
In June 2013, after an executive board where Pizzati requested the total power of the politic decisions and where he was outvoted, he was nominated Vice Secretary with function of Secretary from Pizzati. In late July 2013 the executive board of Venetian Independence (IV) deposed Pizzati and nominated Turco as Temporary Secretary. After the September 2013 Congress, Turco was elected Secretary, with Vice Secretary Samuel Guiotto.
The 4 September 2013 he opened the conference in Vedelago where, at the presence of the most majors that supported the project of law 342, was officially launched Let Veneto Decide.
# Martin J. Robichaud

Martin J. Robichaud (April 7, 1874 – October 7, 1958) was a Canadian politician. He served in the Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick from 1912 to 1917 as an independent member. He died in 1958.
# Russell House (Andover, Massachusetts)

The Russell House is a historic house in Andover, Massachusetts.
The weatherboarded Federal-style home was built in 1805. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1982. The farm encompasses some 11 acres (4.5 ha). The house and farm were owned by Deacon Joseph Russell, a descendant of Robert Russell, a Scotsman, who emigrated to Massachusetts in the seventeenth century and was the first person buried in Andover's newly created South Parish 'Burying-Yard,' as it was called, in 1710 at age 80. Russell's descendants intermarried with the Holt, Abbott, Marshall, Chandler, Dane and other early Andover settler families. The 'Scotland District' name for that section of Andover derives from Robert Russell's Scottish birthplace, and his subsequent name for his landholding which he called 'Scotland farm.'
# Peter Burrowes

Peter Burrowes (1753–8 November 1841) was an Irish barrister and politician.

## Life

He was born in Portarlington, County Laois in 1753. At Trinity College, Dublin, which he entered in 1774, he distinguished himself in the debates of the College Historical Society. While still a student at the Middle Temple, in 1784, he published a pamphlet on Catholic Emancipation, which introduced him to the notice of Flood and the other leading Irish patriots. In the following year he was called to the bar, where he rapidly acquired a good practice. In 1790, along with Wolfe Tone and others, he founded a society in Dublin for the discussion of literary and political subjects. In a duel which he fought at Kilkenny in 1794 with Somerset Butler, his life was only saved by the ball striking against some coppers which he happened to have in his waistcoat pocket.
Though he did not share in the more extreme views of the United Irishmen, he was a zealous supporter of all the most important measures of reform. Along with thirteen other king's counsel, on 9 December 1798, he protested against the proposals for a union with Great Britain, and after being elected member for Enniscorthy in February 1800 he continued, as long as the Irish parliament existed, persistently to oppose the measure. In 1803 he acted as the counsel of Robert Emmet, and in 1811 he was employed to defend the catholic delegates. From 1821 to 1835 he was commissioner of the insolvent debtors court.
He died in London on 8 November 1841. He is buried in Kensal Green Cemetery in London to the north-east of the main chapel.
# Giant Panda (group)

Giant Panda was an underground hip hop group from Los Angeles, California. Giant Panda is composed of childhood friends Alex Newman, Jamaan "Maanumental" McLaren (from Seattle), and Chikara "Chikaramanga" Kurahashi (from Tokyo).

## Career

The trio's name refers to their ethnic and cultural make-up. Their first single was "88 Remix", released independently in December 2002. Their follow-up single was the 12-inch vinyl record "With It" in September 2004 on Tres Records. 2005 saw the release of Giant Panda's first full-length album, Fly School Reunion (Tres Records). Fly School Reunion received positive reviews in magazines such as URB (4 1/2 stars) and Exclaim!.
Giant Panda made URB's list of Next 100 in 2005. This allowed the group to tour the West Coast with fellow Angelino hip-hoppers People Under The Stairs and Time Machine. In 2006, Giant Panda hit the road with Ugly Duckling for a European tour. They reached the EU shores again in 2006, touring with People Under The Stairs. 20 May 2008 saw the release of Giant Panda's second effort, Electric Laser. XLR8R called Electric Laser "futuristic funk" that stays true to the group's "boom bap" and "electro" modes but also moves the sound forward.
The group cites De La Soul, Jungle Brothers, EPMD and A Tribe Called Quest as their key influences.

## Discography
### Promos

* Fresh Donuts (2002)

### Albums

* Fly School Reunion (2005)
* Electric Laser (2008)

### 7" singles

* Just Cause (2001)

### 12" singles

* '88 Remix (2002)
* With It (2005)
* Super Fly (2005)
* T.K.O. (2005)
* Speakers Pop (2008)

### Collaborations

* Bloquera (2004) (Newman, Maanumental, Sir Kado, and Superbrush 427)
# Immaculate Conception Cathedral School (Memphis, Tennessee)

Immaculate Conception Cathedral School (ICSS) was a private Catholic school in the heart of the historic Central Gardens neighborhood of Memphis, Tennessee. ICCS was co-educational and served students of all faiths in its Pre-K3 through 8th grade.

## Background

Founded in 1921 by the Sisters of Mercy, ICCS shared the campus of the Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception, the mother church of the Diocese of Memphis and was accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools as a unit school. Grades Pre-K through 8th were co-ed.
In August 2016, the school opened a new early childhood center that connects to the existing lower school building. The building also includes a library/media center and art room for all grades.
ICCS became only one of two schools in the Memphis area that incorporated "Mindfulness" into the Pre-K through high school curriculum. Intensive Spanish language instruction began in Pre-K and continued through high school. Students could have also choose French foreign language instruction in middle and high school. Other programs included STEM underwater and land-roving robotics teams, Orff music instruction, daily foreign language courses in all grades, and Accelerated Reader.
High school students had the opportunity to earn college credit through Christian Brothers University. For some science honors courses, high school students attended classes alongside college students at Christian Brothers University in the Cooper-Wilson Center for Life Sciences.

### Closure of the school

On May 26, 2020, Immaculate Conception Cathedral School issued a news release to ABC Local 24 on its closure due to the COVID-19 pandemic. This statement was made by Bishop Robert W. Marshall Jr. The school would not reopen for the fall semester but the pre-K through 8th grade elementary and middle school would remain open.
The statement described how the global pandemic caused financial difficulties that made it "impossible for the parish of the Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception to continue to operate the high school portion" of the school. Students had the opportunity to transfer to Saint Benedict at Auburndale, another diocesan high school. The school completely closed doors for all grades on May 24, 2024.

## Notable alumni

* Priscilla Presley
* Margaret Scobey, former United States Ambassador to Egypt and Syria.
# Terre Haute City Council

The Terre Haute City Council the legislative branch of government for the city of Terre Haute, Indiana. The council uses a strong mayor system with a separately elected mayor who acts as the executive. There are currently nine members of the council. City council members serve a four-year term and there is no term limit. The council consists of nine members, of which 3 are at-large and 6 are representing districts.

## Current composition

This is the current composition of the council. The president is Todd Nation and the vice president is Anthony Dinkel.
| District | Name | Party | Notes |
| At-large | George Azar | Democratic | |
| At-large | Tammy Boland | Democratic | |
| At-large | Curtis DeBaun IV | Democratic | |
| 1 | Kandace G. Hinton | Democratic | |
| 2 | Amanda Thompson | Democratic | |
| 3 | Cheryl Loudermilk | Democratic | |
| 4 | Todd Nation | Democratic | President |
| 5 | James P. Chalos | Democratic | |
| 6 | Anthony J. Dinkel | Democratic | Vice President |
# Britton Baskerville Jr.

Britton Baskerville Jr. (1863 — 1892) was an American farmer, schoolteacher and Republican Party politician who represented Mecklenburg County in the Virginia House of Delegates from 1888 to 1889. An African American, he had been enslaved.

## Early life

He was born in Mecklenburg County, Virginia. Born into slavery during the American Civil War, to Sally (b. 1847) and her stonemason husband Breton (or Britton) Baskerville (1835-_). The large Baskerville family was prominent in the local Baptist church, as well as known for owning land. His exact birth date is lost, but he was enumerated as nine years old (and thus able to work) in the 1870 census, and as a 17 years old laborer in the 1880 census. In 1883 he graduated from the Boydton Academic and Bible Institute in Mecklenburg County, then continued his education in Washington, D.C., graduating in 1885 from the Wayland Institute.

## Career

Upon returning to Union Level, in Mecklenburg County's Flat Creek District, Baskerville taught school and farmed. He was superintendent of the Sunday school at Bloom Hill Baptist Church.
Baskerville served one term in the Virginia House of Delegates, representing Mecklenburg County, as a compromise candidate between the factions led by railroad executive and former Confederate general William Mahone and straight-out Republicans led by Ross Hamilton who supported African American John Mercer Langston for Congress (and who ultimately became Virginia's first African American congressman). The following year, Hamilton repaired his relationship with Mahone and his supporters to win the nomination, so Baskerville returned to his agricultural and teaching pursuits. The election was marred, so the results were contested and a Democrat was seated instead.
He was one of several African Americans from Mecklenburg County to serve in political office. Others included Cephas Davis, Amos A. Dodson, Ross Hamilton, Joseph R. Jones, and John Watson.

## Personal life and death

In December 1891, Baskerville contracted influenza, which may have been complicated by preexisting tuberculosis. According to his death certificate, he never married before dying on April 25, 1892, although a June 6, 1887 marriage record exists of a man of his name marrying Lizzie Simmons (born either in 1852 according to her death record in 1947, or 1866 according to the marriage certificate) His name continued in Mecklenburg County, as his brother William Baskerville named one of his sons after this man and the boy's grandfather.
# 2005 Kazakh Senate election

Senate elections were held in Kazakhstan on 19 August 2005. All 16 seats representing the regions of Kazakhstan were elected by the local legislative bodies (maslihats). 3155 of the 3287 illegible electorates voted in the election.

## Electoral system

The members of the Senate of Kazakhstan are nonpartisan and are indirectly elected by the local legislative bodies Maslihats every six years. Each region and cities of Almaty and Astana are represented by two senators while 7 senators are appointed by the President of Kazakhstan.
# Joe Mullett

Joseph Mullett (2 October 1936 – 1995) was an English professional footballer who made 216 appearances in the Football League playing for Birmingham City and Norwich City.

## Career

Mullett was born in Halesowen, which was then in Worcestershire. He joined Birmingham City in 1955, and soon after he completed his National Service he made his first-team debut. This came in the First Division on 11 September 1957 in a home game against Tottenham Hotspur which finished goalless; Mullett played at left half to allow Dick Neal to stand in for Peter Murphy at inside left. He kept his place for three games in Murphy's absence, but those were the only first-team games he played for Birmingham, and in February 1959, Norwich City paid £2,000 for his services. At Norwich he was converted to play at full back, went on to make 213 Football League appearances for the club, and helped them to win the 1962 League Cup. He spent nearly ten years with Norwich, before finishing off his career in non-league football in the East Anglia area.
Mullett died in Cradley Heath, West Midlands, in 1995.

## Honours

Norwich City
* Football League Cup: 1961–62