OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Jørgen Tandberg

Jørgen Johan Tandberg (3 June 1816–17 April 1884) was a Norwegian politician and priest. He served in the Parliament of Norway for one term and he also served as a bishop in the Church of Norway.

## Biography

He was born in Tønsberg, Norway on 3 June 1816. He finished his secondary education in 1833 and graduated with the cand.theol. degree in 1838. He was a teacher in Christiania at the Christiania Borgerskole from 1840 until 1843. He then became a school headmaster in Fredrikshald at the Fredrikshald Borgerskole. In 1848, he moved to Moss to be the headmaster at the Borgerskole in Moss. Later that same year, he was appointed as a curate in Hougs, a parish in the Diocese of Bergen. He was elected to the Parliament of Norway in 1857, representing the constituency of Søndre Bergenhus Amt for two years.
In the summer of 1858, he was appointed as "third priest" in the Trinity Church, a large congregation in Kristiania. In the fall of 1866, he became a curate (assistant priest) in the Church of Our Saviour, the main cathedral for the capital city of Norway. He was promoted to vicar there in 1872, and since that church was the cathedral for the diocese, he also held the title of dean of the Diocese of Kristiania. In February 1882, he was appointed to be the bishop of the Diocese of Kristianssand, based at the Kristiansand Cathedral. He was ordained as bishop on May 18 of that year. He held this post until his death on 17 April 1884. He is buried in the Vår Frelsers gravlund cemetery in Oslo.

## Personal life

Tandberg was born in 1816 to the priest Johan Christian Tandberg and his first wife Andrea Heyerdahl Lyche. He was married to Marie Theodora Frølich on 28 October 1847 in Fredrikshald in Østfold county, Norway. Together, they had 11 children between 1848 and 1870. Tandberg's son Jens Frølich Tandberg (1852–1922) was the Bishop of the Diocese of Oslo from 1912 to 1922.
# Salon of 1802

The Salon of 1802 was an art exhibition held at the Louvre in Paris during the era of the French Consulate. It was held the same year as the Treaty of Amiens that ended the French Revolutionary Wars. Staged by the former Académie Royale it featured paintings and sculptures and lasted from 2 September to 16 November 1802. Due to the peace between France and the United Kingdom, it was the only year between 1793 and 1814 when British visitors could travel to visit the Salon. The Anglo-American painter and President of the Royal Academy Benjamin West exhibited his Death on the Pale Horse at the Salon. The peace was short-lived, followed by the outbreak of the Napoleonic Wars the following year. The next exhibition was the Salon of 1804, held the year Napoleon declared himself emperor.
It was the first Salon for Jean Auguste Dominique Ingres the winner of the Prix de Rome the previous the year, who submitted a portrait of a woman. Anne-Louis Girodet de Roussy-Trioson exhibited Ossian Receiving the Ghosts of French Heroes, which he dedicated to the First Consul Napoleon Bonaparte. Henri-Pierre Danloux displayed his Scene from the Deluge, which he had painted while in England. The Neoclassical Phaedra and Hippolytus by Pierre-Narcisse Guérin was acquired by the government for 24,000 Francs. With his Valentine of Milan Mourning her Husband the Duke of Orléans Fleury François Richard, of the Lyon School, arguably exhibited the first Troubadour style painting. The genre would become a popular one in France during the nineteenth century.
Around forty women exhibited at the Salon, a large jump from the three who had featured at the Salon of 1783 before the French Revolution.

## Gallery

* Portrait of Stanisław August Poniatowski by Élisabeth Vigée Le Brun
* Madame Philippe Panon Desbassayns de Richemont and Her Son Eugène by Marie-Guillemine Benoist
* Portrait of a young lady with two vases of flowers by Marie-Guillemine Benoist
* Portrait of Augustine Sophie Le Prince, the Artist's Wife by François Kinson
* Ossian Receiving the Ghosts of French Heroes by Anne-Louis Girodet de Roussy-Trioson
* Épisode du Déluge by Henri-Pierre Danloux
* Le Supplice d'une Vestale by Henri-Pierre Danloux
* View of the Large Theatre Built on the Place de la Concorde for the Peace Festival, 18 Brumaire, Year X by Jean-Baptiste Cazin
* Phaedra and Hippolytus by Pierre-Narcisse Guérin
* Death on the Pale Horse by Benjamin West
* A Pride of Lions by Jean-Baptiste Huet
* The Child of Fortune by Pierre Bouillon
* The Seven Athenian Women and the Minotaur by Jean-Baptiste Peytavin
* Young Woman Making Cheese by Marie-Victoire Lemoine
* Une jeune femme allaitant son enfant by Marguerite Gérard
* Portrait of the Artist and His Family by Jacques-Augustin-Catherine Pajou
* Portrait of Pierre Lafon in the Role of Tancrède by Eugénie Delaporte
* Study of a Woman by Marie-Denise Villers
* Portrait of a Young Piano Player Holding a Music Score (Miss Thevenet de Montgarrel) by Adèle Romany
* Young Lovers Playing the Lyre by Adèle Romany
* Young Girl Feeding Her Chickens by Jeanne-Elisabeth Chaudet
* A Child Showing Pictures from a Book by Jeanne-Elisabeth Chaudet
# Blackfoot Creek

Blackfoot Creek is a stream in the U.S. state of South Dakota.
Blackfoot Creek was named after the Blackfoot Sioux.
# Tomber la chemise

"Tomber la chemise" (literally "Taking Off Shirt" but the meaning is "Get ready to play hard") is a 1998 song by the Toulousian collective Zebda. The song was released on 7 June 1999 as part of the first single from Zebda's third album Essence ordinaire and received a successful reception in France, where it reached number-one on the singles chart and won two awards. This summer 1999 hit song "Tomber la chemise" was part of a sudden popularity trend by rappers of immigrant origins in France at that time.

## Structure and lyrics

Although "Tomber la chemise" appeared to be an outsider in the race to the top of the charts that summer, this highly political song became the hit that finally brought Zebda national recognition after eleven years of existence. According to an expert of French charts, this song "devotes an expression of the spoken language, becoming inseparable from this song, and bases its originality on the regional savour that the accent of the Midi conveys". The melody is similar to those of Regg'Lyss songs.

## Chart performance and awards

In France, the song went straight to #11 on 12 June 1999. It entered the top 10 the next week and stayed in it for 20 weeks, three of them atop. Thereafter, it kept dropping and fell off the Top 100 after 30 weeks. It achieved diamond certification status awarded by the French provider, SNEP. In addition to being a commercial success, the song went on to be named the best French song of 2000 at both the Victoires de la musique awards and the NRJ Music Awards.
In Belgium (Wallonia), "Tomber la chemise" remained on the Ultratop 40 for 19 weeks. It started at #22 on 7 August 1999, climbed quickly and finally peaked at #3 in its seventh week. It totaled ten weeks in the Top 10.

## Cover versions and parodies

In 1999, the song was parodied by Le Festival Roblès under the title "Solder la Chemise" ("Sell Off Your Shirt"). Les Fatals Picards, a French band which participated in the Eurovision Song Contest 2007, also parodied the song under the name "Monter le pantalon" ("Pull Up Your Pants") on its album Pamplemousse mécanique (A Clockwork Grapefruit).
In 2002, the song was covered by Yannick Noah, Michèle Laroque and Francis Cabrel on the album Tous dans le même bateau (All in the Same Boat), also available on Les Enfoirés's the best of La compil' (vol. 3), released in 2005.

## Track listings
### CD single

* "Tomber la chemise" — 4:25
* "Quinze ans" — 4:50
* "Le pont du carrousel" — 4:06

## Certifications and sales

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| Belgium (BEA) | Gold | 25,000$^*$ |
| France (SNEP) | Diamond | 750,000$^*$ |
| $^*$ Sales figures based on certification alone. |||

## Charts

| Chart (1999) | Peak position |
| Belgium (Ultratop 50 Wallonia) | 3 |
| France (SNEP) | 1 |
| Netherlands (Dutch Top 40) | 18 |
| Netherlands (Single Top 100) | 22 |
| End of year chart (1999) | Position |
| Belgium (Ultratop 50 Wallonia) | 18 |
| France (SNEP) | 5 |
# Anatoly Karlin

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#REDIRECT The Unz Review#Writers
# Empathy-altruism

Empathy-altruism is a form of altruism based on moral emotions or feelings for others.
Social exchange theory represents a seemingly altruistic behavior which benefits the altruist and outweighs the cost the altruist bears. Thus such behavior is self-interested. In contrast, C. Daniel Batson holds that people help others in need out of genuine concern for the well-being of the other person. The key ingredient to such helping is empathic concern. According to Batson's empathy-altruism hypothesis, if someone feels empathy towards another person, they will help them, regardless of what they can gain from it. An alternative hypothesis is empathy-joy, which states a person helps because they find pleasure at seeing another person experience relief. When a person does not feel empathy, the standards of social exchange theory apply.

## Evidence

There has been significant debate over whether other-helping behavior is motivated by self- or other-interest. The prime actors in this debate are Daniel Batson, arguing for empathy-altruism, and Robert Cialdini, arguing for self-interest.
Batson recognizes that people sometimes help for selfish reasons. He and his team were interested in finding ways to distinguish between motives. In one experiment, students were asked to listen to tapes from a radio program. One of the interviews was with a woman named Carol, who talked about her bad car accident in which both of her legs were broken, her struggles and how behind she was becoming in class. Students who were listening to this particular interview were given a letter asking the student to share lecture notes and meet with her. The experimenters changed the level of empathy by telling one group to try to focus on how she was feeling (high empathy level) and the other group not to be concerned with that (low empathy level). The experimenters also varied the cost of not helping: the high cost group was told that Carol would be in their psychology class after returning to school and the low cost group believed she would finish the class at home. The results confirmed the empathy-altruism hypothesis: those in the high empathy group were almost equally likely to help her in either circumstance, while the low empathy group helped out of self-interest (seeing her in class every day made them feel guilty if they did not help).

### Countering hypotheses

Batson and colleagues set out to show that empathy motivates other-regarding helping behavior not out of self-interest but out of true interest in the well-being of others. They addressed two hypotheses that counter the empathy-altruism hypothesis:
* Empathy-specific reward: Empathy triggers the need for social reward which may be gained by helping.
* Empathy-specific punishment: Empathy triggers the fear of social punishment which can be avoided by helping.
# Harry Dym

Harry Dym (Hebrew: הארי דים; January 26, 1938 – July 18, 2024) was an Israeli-born American mathematician at the Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel. Dym's research interests included operator theory, interpolation theory, and inverse problems.
Dym earned his Ph.D. in 1965 from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, under the supervision of Henry McKean. He introduced the Dym equation, which bears his name.
Dym died on July 18, 2024, at the age of 86.

## Works

* as editor with Bernd Fritzsche, Victor Katsnelson, and Bernd Kirstein: Topics in Interpolation Theory, Birkhäuser 1997
* Linear Algebra in Action, American Mathematical Society 2007
* with H. P. McKean: Fourier Series and Integrals, Academic Press 1974
* with H. P. McKean: Gaussian processes, function theory, and the inverse spectral problem, Academic Press 1976, Dover 2008
* $J$ contractive matrix functions, reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces and interpolation, AMS 1989
* as editor: Topics in Analysis and Operator Theory, Birkhäuser 1989
* with Vladimir Bolotnikov: On boundary interpolation for matrix valued Schur functions, AMS 2006
* with Damir Z. Arov: $J$-contractive matrix valued functions and related topics, Cambridge University Press 2008

## Sources

* Daniel Alpay, Israel Gohberg, Victor Vinnikov (Herausgeber) Interpolation theory, systems theory, and related topics: the Harry Dym anniversary volume, Birkhäuser 2002.
# Cedar Creek (Uwharrie River tributary)

Cedar Creek is a 2.72 mi (4.38 km) long 2nd order tributary to the Uwharrie River, in Montgomery County, North Carolina.

## Course

Cedar Creek rises on the Rocky Creek divide about 3 miles southeast of Uwharrie in Montgomery County, North Carolina. Cedar Creek then flows generally west to meet the Uwharrie River about 2 miles southwest of Uwharrie.

## Watershed

Cedar Creek Creek drains 5.32 square miles (13.8 km$^2$) of area, receives about 47.9 in/year of precipitation, has a topographic wetness index of 339.72 and is about 92% forested.
# Kungsgårdens SK

Kungsgårdens SK is a Swedish football club located in Kungsgården.

## Background

Kungsgårdens SK currently plays in Division 4 Gestrikland which is the sixth tier of Swedish football. They play their home matches at the Sportvallen in Kungsgården.
The club is affiliated to Gestriklands Fotbollförbund. Kungsgårdens SK have competed in the Svenska Cupen on 2 occasions and have played 3 matches in the competition.

## Season to season

| Season | Level | Division | Section | Position | Movements |
| 2006* | Tier 7 | Division 5 | Gästrikland | 6th | |
| 2007 | Tier 7 | Division 5 | Gästrikland | 1st | Promoted |
| 2008 | Tier 6 | Division 4 | Gästrikland | 5th | |
| 2009 | Tier 6 | Division 4 | Gästrikland | 4th | |
| 2010 | Tier 6 | Division 4 | Gästrikland | 8th | |
| 2011 | Tier 6 | Division 4 | Gästrikland | 2nd | |

## Footnotes

* ↑ "Kungsgårdens SK – Fotboll Klubb". Retrieved 2011-05-04.
* ↑ "Gestrikland - Division 4 – Fotbollsserier 2011 – Fotboll – everysport.com". Retrieved 2011-05-04.
* ↑ "Tabell och resultat – Div 4 Gestrikland, herrar – Svenskfotboll.se". Retrieved 2011-05-04.
* ↑ "Kontaktuppgifter och tävlingar – Kungsgårdens SK – Svenskfotboll.se". Retrieved 2011-05-04.
* ↑ "SFS-Bolletinen – Matcher i Svenska cupen genom tiderna – bolletinen.se". Retrieved 2011-11-10.
* ↑ "GAIS – Lagfacta – Kungsgårdens SK". Retrieved 2011-09-26.
* ↑ "Kungsgårdens SK – Fotboll – everysport.com". Retrieved 2011-09-26.
* ↑ "Sweden Final Tables – Clas Glenning". Archived from the original on 2010-07-31. Retrieved 2011-09-26.
# CKWM-FM

CKWM-FM is a Canadian radio station broadcasting from Kentville, Nova Scotia at 94.9 FM owned by the Maritime Broadcasting System. The station currently plays an adult contemporary format branded on-air as Magic 94.9.
The station began broadcasting on March 14, 1965 as CKEN-FM. From 1981 to 1988, it was a station affiliate of CBC Stereo.
On January 10, 2003, CKEN moved to sister station CKWM-FM’s 97.7 MHz frequency from 1490 AM. CKWM-FM Magic 97 took the 94.9 frequency that CKEN had applied for, becoming Magic 94.9, while CKEN became AVR (Annapolis Valley Radio) at 97.7 FM.
# Fremantle walking tours and trails

The historic city of Fremantle, Western Australia has many walking tours and trails. A variety of books and pamphlets describe these trails. The walking through or around Fremantle is celebrated in at least one song, a poem, and recollections.

## Books

Books from the 1960s such as Birch's are both "a handbook and official guide". The Education Department of WA published a guide in 1980.
David Hutchison's Fremantle Walks and his earlier book from 1986 provide a well based set of information about the features of Fremantle.
Specific sections of Fremantle, such as the West End, have been isolated in specific books such Seddon's 2000 publication Looking at an old suburb. In the 2000s, books such as Richard and Moira's Freo footsteps appeared.

## Annual events

The local university, Notre Dame, holds its annual commencement walk around the streets of the West End of Fremantle.

## City of Fremantle

The city has provided over time maps and guides to walking around Fremantle.
The City of Fremantle has engaged consultants to review the objects and subjects of tours and events, such as the 1995 report.

### Fremantle Trails

The City of Fremantle has a set of Fremantle Trails ranging through a range of subjects:
* C. Y. O'Connor trail
* Convict trail
* Discovery trail
* Fremantle Cemetery trail
* Fishing Boat Harbour trail
* Hotels and Breweries walk
* Waterfront trail
* Writers walk
* Freopedia Heritage Tour

### Walking the City

David Hutchison's 2006 Fremantle Walks includes the following themed subjects with maps:
* Victoria Quay
* Arthur Head
* The Esplanade and Boat Harbours
* The West End
* Market Street to the Cappuccino Strip
* Kings Square
* St Patrick's Basilica Precinct
* Fremantle Prison
* Memorial Park, Monument Hill

## Department of Transport

In April 2022 the state Department of Transport created three walking trails around Fishing Boat Harbour:
* Boardwalks and Brewery Loop
* Capo d'Orlando Marine Trail
* Challenger Cray Trail

## Other tours and guides

At various stages in Fremantle history, there have been events and special tours that have been isolated single events.
Also tourism promotion guides that do not identify specific trails have been published over decades as "what's on" and are basically advertising for businesses prepared to be included.

## Walking tours

More recently organised tours are provided by providers such as Two Feet and a Heartbeat and other groups.

## Freopedia

The Freopedia project installed QR coded-signs at significant historic buildings and sites throughout Fremantle, along the Freopedia Heritage Tour. The QR codes link to the Wikipedia articles about those buildings and sites.
# Chalk Creek (Millard County, Utah)

Chalk Creek is a stream in Millard County, Utah, United States.

## Description

It was originally known as 3rd Creek south of Sevier River to the early travelers on the Mormon Road. Its mouth is at the endorheic basin called The Sink in the Pahvant Valley at an elevation of 4,639 feet (1,414 m). Its source is located at the confluence of North Fork Chalk Creek with South Fork Chalk Creek, at an elevation of 5,482 feet (1,671 m), at 38°56′59″N 112°16′06″W﻿ / ﻿38.94972°N 112.26833°W﻿ / 38.94972; -112.26833 in the Pahvant Range. Fillmore is 3 miles (4.8 km) below the source of Chalk Creek along the south bank of the stream.
# Chamberlain Brook

Chamberlain Brook is a river in Delaware County, New York. It flows into Cannonsville Reservoir west-northwest of Rock Rift.
# Champepadan Creek

Champepadan Creek is a stream in the U.S. state of Minnesota.
The name Champepadan comes from the Sioux language and means "thorny wood river".
# Chapelle Creek

Chapelle Creek is a stream in the U.S. state of South Dakota.
Chapelle Creek has the name of David Chapelle, a pioneer trader.
# Aaron Ayre

Aaron Ayre (born 6 August 1992) is an Australian cricketer who plays as a wicket-keeper. He made his first-class debut for Victoria on 14 November 2015 in the 2015–16 Sheffield Shield. On 9 January 2016 he made his Twenty20 debut for the Melbourne Renegades in the 2015–16 Big Bash League.
# The County High School, Leftwich

The County High School, Leftwich, is a coeducational secondary school with academy status, for students between 11 and 16 years of age, in Leftwich, Cheshire, England.

## History

The school was established in 1957 as the Northwich County Grammar School for Girls. The school was later known as Leftwich High School until the early 1990s before becoming the County High School Leftwich.

### Comprehensive

The school became a comprehensive in September 1978, with sixth form pupils from the school and the former Sir John Deane's Grammar School going to the new Sir John Deane's College.

### Academy

The school converted to academy status on 1 September 2012. The school is in partnership with Sir John Deane's College as part of the Sir John Brunner Foundation.

## Academic performance

The school gets good GCSE results, well above the England average, and slightly above the Cheshire average. Results have steadily improved over the last 6 years. The 2016 Ofsted inspection graded the school as "outstanding" (the highest rating available). In the 2015/16 academic year the school achieved its highest ever result with 86% of students receiving at least 5 GCSEs at grades A*-C. This result put the school as the top rated secondary comprehensive in Cheshire

## Notable former pupils
### Northwich County Grammar School for Girls

* Sue Birtwistle, television producer of well-known BBC costume dramas such as the 1995 Pride and Prejudice and the 1996 Emma
* Moira Buffini, playwright, film director and actress, who notably wrote the 2010 play Handbagged about Queen Elizabeth II and Margaret Thatcher, and the 2010 film Tamara Drewe
* Diana Johnson, Labour MP since 2005 for Hull North (in attendance from 1977 to 1982)
* Jennifer Saunders, comedian, best known as half of French and Saunders and for the television series Absolutely Fabulous
* Shirley Strong, Olympic hurdler, who won the silver medal in women's 100 metres hurdles at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles (attended 1970–75)

### Leftwich High School

* Tim Burgess, lead singer of English alternative rock band The Charlatans.
* Michelle Donelan MP
# Mitsubishi UFJ Securities International

Mitsubishi UFJ Securities International plc (MUSI) was a global investment bank headquartered in London, United Kingdom.
Mitsubishi UFJ Securities International was the investment arm of one of the largest financial institutions in the world, Mitsubishi UFJ Financial Group (MUFG). The investment bank was part of an international network with offices in London, New York City, Hong Kong and Singapore. MUSI was active throughout the global capital markets, focusing on investment banking, debt, equity, commodities, derivatives and structured products. MUSI had a staff of approximately 600 people globally.

## Executive

In January 2013, Paul Hartwell was appointed as the CEO of Mitsubishi UFJ Securities International. The company's CFO was David King and its Head of International Business Clifford De Souza.

## History and Ownership

Mitsubishi UFJ Securities International was wholly owned by Mitsubishi UFJ Securities Holdings Co., Ltd. (MUSHD), which is itself wholly owned by MUFG. MUSHD's other subsidiaries include Mitsubishi UFJ Morgan Stanley Securities and Mitsubishi UFJ Merrill Lynch PB. MUSI was established on 1 October 2005, when Mitsubishi UFJ Financial Group, was formed by the merger of Mitsubishi Tokyo Financial Group (MTFG) and UFJ Holdings. On the same day, the respective investment banking subsidiaries of MTFG and UFJ, Mitsubishi Securities International plc (established in England and Wales on February 11, 1983) and UFJ International plc (with the merger of Sanwa International plc and Tokai Bank Europe plc in April 2002), were merged to form Mitsubishi UFJ Securities International plc.
On 1 July 2016, the name was changed to MUFG Securities EMEA plc.

## Credit Rating

As of October 2012, MUSI held a long-term credit rating of A1 and a short-term credit rating of Prime-1 from Moody's Investors Service.