OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Juridical person

A juridical person is a legal person that is not a natural person but an organization recognized by law as a fictitious person such as a corporation, government agency, non-governmental organisation, or international organization (such as the European Union). Other terms include artificial person, corporate person, judicial person, juridical entity, juridic person, or juristic person. A juridical person maintains certain duties and rights as enumerated under relevant laws. The rights and responsibilities of a juridical person are distinct from those of the natural persons constituting it.
Since the beginning of writing at the start of recorded history, associations have been known as the original form of the juridical person. This is documented for the 1st century A.D. for Jewish trading companies. In Roman law, entities gained significance through institutions such as the state, communities, corporations (universitates) and their associations of persons and assets, as well as associations. At least three persons were required in Rome to found an association.

## By country
### Brazil

The term juridical person ("pessoa jurídica" in Portuguese) is used in legal science for designating an entity with rights and liabilities which also has legal personality. Its regulations are largely based on Brazil's Civil Code, where it is distinctly recognized and defined, among other normative documents.
Brazilian law recognizes any association or abstract entity as a juridical person, but a registry is required through a Constitutional Document, with specifications depending on the category of Juridical Person and local law of state and city.

### China

For a typical example of the concept of legal person in a civil law jurisdiction, under the General Principles of Civil Law of the People's Republic of China, Chapter III, Article 36., "A legal person shall be an organization that has capacity for civil rights and capacity for civil conduct and independently enjoys civil rights and assumes civil obligations in accordance with the law." Note however that the term civil right means something altogether different in civil law jurisdictions than in common law jurisdictions.

### Germany

Article 19(3) of the German Constitution sets forth: "Fundamental rights shall also apply to domestic artificial persons insofar as the nature of such rights shall permit."
# Wedelia ayerscottiana

Wedelia ayerscottiana is a species of plant in the genus Wedelia native to Nuevo León, Mexico.

## Description

This species is identified by small, yellow ray flowers on a scaly base. The leaves are spear shaped and somewhat hairy.

## Habitat

According to Turner this species was rare where it was found, which was an oak dominated, low forest.

## Etymology

Turner named this species for his two field companions.
# Laevicardium sybariticum

Laevicardium sybariticum, or Dall's egg cockle, is a species of bivalve mollusc in the family Cardiidae. It can be found along the Atlantic coast of North America, ranging from Florida to the West Indies. It was first described by Dall in 1886.
# Cheer pheasant

The cheer pheasant (Catreus wallichii), also known as Wallich's pheasant or chir pheasant, is a vulnerable species of the pheasant family, Phasianidae. It is the only member in the genus Catreus. The scientific name commemorates Danish botanist Nathaniel Wallich.

## Description

These birds lack the color and brilliance of most pheasants, with buffy gray plumage and long, gray crests. Its long tail has 18 feathers and the central tail feathers are much longer and the colour is mainly gray and brown. The female is slightly smaller in overall size.

## Behaviour and ecology

Males are monogamous. They breed on steep cliffs during summer with a clutch of 10 to 11 eggs. In studies conducted in upper Beas Valley, cheer pheasant was found to be sensitive to human disturbance.

## Habitat and distribution

The cheer pheasant is distributed in the highlands and scrublands of the Himalaya region of India, Nepal and Pakistan. They are found mainly in western Nepal, Uttarakhand (Kumaon and Garhwal), Himachal Pradesh (Shimla, Kullu and Chamba), and Jammu and Kashmir in northwestern India, and Hazara division, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa in northern Pakistan. Surveys in 1981 and 2003 in the Dhorpatan area of western Nepal established 70 calling sites, suggesting substantial numbers exist in this area (about 200 birds). In another survey in 2010, cheer pheasants were detected in 21 calling sites in Kullu district of Himachal Pradesh. They are found mainly above 6000 feet altitude and up to 10000 feet in summer.

## Status and conservation

Due to ongoing habitat loss, small population size, and hunting in some areas, the cheer pheasant is evaluated as vulnerable on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. It is listed on Appendix I of CITES. Attempts to reintroduce captive-bred cheer pheasants in Pakistan have been unsuccessful.

## Gallery

* Cheer pheasant pair from Himalaya, India
* Painting from Hume and Marshall, 1880, Gamebirds of India, Burma, Ceylon
# Serripes

Serripes is a genus of molluscs in the family Cardiidae.

## Species

* Serripes groenlandicus (Mohr, 1786) — Greenland cockle
* Serripes laperousii (Deshayes, 1839)
* Serripes notabilis (G. B. Sowerby III, 1915)
# Ernesto (film)

Ernesto is a 1979 film directed by Salvatore Samperi and starring Martin Halm. The movie is loosely based on Umberto Saba's novel of the same name.

## Plot

In Trieste, Austria-Hungary (Italy after the end of World War I) in 1911, Ernesto (Martin Halm) is a 17-year-old boy who lives with his widowed mother in the home of his violin-loving Jewish uncle and works in an office at a routine job. He espouses socialist views largely to cause his uncle distress. He discovers his homosexuality when he meets a stableboy (Michele Placido), who is not identified by name. They become infatuated with each other and have an intense sexual relationship, which develops against a realistic depiction of the social setting. Ernesto loses his job when his sexual behavior is discovered and reveals to his mother his same-sex relationship, which he continues to view as shameful. He is dishonest with his same-sex partner, and their relationship ends when Ernesto begins to visit a prostitute for sex.
Ernesto takes violin lessons where he meets 15-year-old Rachel and her twin brother Emilio, both depicted by the same actress (Lara Wendel). Both of the twins fall in love with Ernesto, who marries the sister, resolving his problems with his mother and uncle as well as his former employer. Having outgrown his years of spontaneity and exploration, Ernesto denies his sexual past when he encounters his first lover and refuses to recognize him.

## Cast

* Martin Halm as Ernesto
* Michele Placido as The Man / The stableman
* Virna Lisi as Ernesto's Mother
* Turi Ferro as Carlo Wilder
* Francisco Marsó as Uncle Giovanni
* Conchita Velasco as Aunt Regina
* Lara Wendel as Ilio/Rachele
* Gisela Hahn as Mrs. Luzzato
* Renato Salvatori as Cesco
* Stefano Madia as Andrea

## Awards

The film was entered into the 29th Berlin International Film Festival, where Michele Placido won the Silver Bear for Best Actor.
# Father Akaki

Andrei Kuznetsov (27 October 1873 – 30 January 1984, Heinävesi, North Karelia, Finland), commonly known as Father Akaki, was a Russian Orthodox monk who died as the oldest person of Nordic countries and Finland's oldest man ever before Aarne Arvonen.

## Biography

As a teenager, Kuznetsov went to a monastery because he wanted to avoid the Russian Army.
Kuznetsov went to Solovetsky Monastery on the island in the White Sea. He began work as a stable hand, at which he continued until he was 90. In 1898, he went to Petsamo's Pechenga Monastery where he became a monk in 1913 after 15 years of being in the monastery. He took the name Akaki after Akathist the Bishop of Malta.
Monastery life was disrupted during the Winter and Continuation War and the monks moved in 1942 to New Valamo monastery in Heinävesi, where the Valaam Monastery monks were transferred because of the war. Father Akaki still worked as a stable hand until the age of 90 when the monastery stopped keeping horses.
Akaki lived a very ascetic life with a very meager diet. Reading the Bible and praying was his daily ritual even until the age of 100.
At the age of 100 he could still walk to the church. When Akaki reached the age of 107 he got a letter from the Heinävesi municipality where he was invited to the primary school's first grade because the computer program could not recognize the centuries from each other. The mistake was very funny to Akaki.
Akaki died at the age of 110 and 106 days on 30 January 1984 in the last night of his last eucharist.

## Unconfirmed birthdate

Because of the lack of birth records for Father Akaki, his birth date lacks a reliable source.
# Moutfort

Moutfort (Luxembourgish: Mutfert, German: Mutfort) is a village in the commune of Contern, in south-eastern Luxembourg, on both sides of the road from the city of Luxembourg to the German border. As of 2024, the village of Moutfort had a population of 1,524 inhabitants, and the associated village of Medingen had 128 inhabitants.
It is usual to speak four or five languages in daily life, even for many children.
Moutfort is situated in the valley of the Syr, which flows into the Moselle at Wasserbillig.
Moutfort and the commune of Contern, which also comprises the villages of Medingen and Oetrange, are rich in forests and agriculture.
# David Elson

David Elson (born August 26, 1971) is an American college football coach. He is the defensive analyst at Wake Forest University, a position he has held since 2023. Elson served as head football coach at Western Kentucky University (WKU) from 2003 to 2009. He oversaw the transition of Western Kentucky from a Football Championship Subdivision (formerly known as Division I-AA) to a Football Bowl Subdivision (formerly known as Division I-A) program, the highest division in college football; in his final season, the Hilltoppers joined the Sun Belt Conference.

## Coaching career

Elson joined the Hilltoppers staff as a defensive backs coach in 1996. He served as defensive coordinator for the 2001 and 2002 season before he was promoted to head coach. The rise to college football's highest level was difficult for the program, and Hilltoppers went 2-20 in Elson's final two seasons.
On November 9, 2009 Elson was fired by the university, finishing out the 2009 season. WKU alumnus and Stanford running backs coach Willie Taggart replaced him.
In March 2010, Indiana University head football coach Bill Lynch announced that Elson will be a defensive quality control coach. Coach Lynch noted this would mainly be an administrative role, but that he would be involved in coaching decisions. The Hoosiers made their first road trip of the year to play Elson's former team, the WKU Hilltoppers in Bowling Green, Kentucky.
Elson spent the 2011 football season as defensive coordinator for KHSAA state finalist Franklin-Simpson High School in Franklin, Kentucky.
On January 4, 2012, Elson was announced as the defensive coordinator at New Mexico State University.
On January 13, 2013, Elson was announced as the new secondary coach for the Southern Illinois University Carbondale, where he was a graduate assistant from 94 to 95. On January 20, 2016, after two years at Southern Illinois, Elson accepted the position as defensive coordinator at Western Illinois under new head coach Charlie Fisher.

## Personal life

Elson and his wife, Kathy, have three daughters.

## Head coaching record

| Year | Team | Overall | Conference | Standing | Bowl/playoffs | TSN$^#$ |
| Western Kentucky (Gateway Football Conference) (2003–2006) |||||||
| 2003 | Western Kentucky | 9–4 | 5–2 | T–3rd | L NCAA Division I-AA Quarterfinal | 7 |
| 2004 | Western Kentucky | 9–3 | 6–1 | 2nd | L NCAA Division I-AA First Round | 11 |
| 2005 | Western Kentucky | 6–4 | 4–3 | T–4th | | |
| 2006 | Western Kentucky | 6–5 | 4–3 | T–4th | | |
| Western Kentucky Hilltoppers (NCAA Division I FCS independent) (2007) |||||||
| 2007 | Western Kentucky | 7–5 | | | | |
| Western Kentucky Hilltoppers (NCAA Division I FBS independent) (2008) |||||||
| 2008 | Western Kentucky | 2–10 | | | | |
| Western Kentucky Hilltoppers (Sun Belt Conference) (2009) |||||||
| 2009 | Western Kentucky | 0–12 | 0–8 | 9th | | |
| Western Kentucky: | Western Kentucky: | 39–43 | 19–17 | | | |
| Total: | Total: | 39–43 | | | | |
# A. confinis

A. confinis may refer to:
* Abacetus confinis, a ground beetle
* Acerentulus confinis, a proturan
* Aethes confinis, a moth found in Bulgaria, Ukraine, and the eastern Palearctic
* Agabus confinis, a predaceous diving beetle found in North America and the Palearctic
* Agoseris confinis, a synonym of Agoseris aurantiaca, a plant found in North America
* Antennaria confinis, a synonym of Antennaria rosea, a plant found in North America
* Aplomya confinis, a tachinid fly found in Europe
* Argyrotaenia confinis, a moth found in Mexico
* Arnica confinis, a synonym of Arnica mollis, a plant found in North America
* Aster confinis, a synonym of Solidago confinis, a plant found in North America
* Atychia confinis, a synonym of Brachodes fulgurita, a moth found in Russia
# Federica Bigi

Federica Bigi is a Sammarinese diplomat and politician. As of 2009, she is San Marino's Minister for Foreign and Political Affairs. She had previously served as San Marino's Ambassador and Permanent Representative to the United Nations Office at Geneva, and as Ambassador of San Marino to Latvia.
Bigi speaks fluent French.
# Spouse of the president of the Philippines

The following is a list of spouses of holders of the position of president of the Philippines.
Customarily, the wife or husband of the president held the title of First Lady or First Gentleman serving functional role at the Malacañang Palace. Hence the titles are also erroneously used to refer to the president's spouse.
Three spouses, that of Elpidio Quirino, Diosdado Macapagal and Corazon Aquino, were already deceased at the start of their respective partner's presidencies although Macapagal was married to his second wife at the start of his presidency.
In the case of Rodrigo Duterte, his marriage with Elizabeth Zimmerman was already annulled at the start of his presidency. Duterte had another partner, Cielito Avanceña his common-law wife.
Benigno Aquino III is the only unmarried president.

## List

| Portrait | Spouse | Marriage | Marriage | President |
| Portrait | Spouse | Start | End | President |
| | Hilaria del Rosario (1877–1921) | 1896 | 1921 | Emilio Aguinaldo |
| | María Agoncillo (1879–1963) | 1930 | 1963 | Emilio Aguinaldo |
| | Aurora Aragón (1888–1949) | 1918 | 1944 | Manuel L. Quezon |
| | Pacencia Hidalgo (1889–1960) | 1911 | 1959 | José P. Laurel |
| | Estefania Veloso (1875–1918) | 1901 | 1918 | Sergio Osmeña |
| | Esperanza Limjap (1894–1978) | 1920 | 1961 | Sergio Osmeña |
| | Trinidad de Leon (1899–1995) | 1921 | 1948 | Manuel Roxas |
| | Alicia Syquia (1903–1945) | 1921 | 1945 | Elpidio Quirino |
| | Luz Banzon (1914–2004) | 1933 | 1957 | Ramon Magsaysay |
| | Leonila Dimataga (1906–1994) | 1933 | 1971 | Carlos P. Garcia |
| | Purita de la Rosa (1916–1943) | 1938 | 1943 | Diosdado Macapagal |
| | Evangelina Macaraeg (1915–1999) | 1946 | 1997 | Diosdado Macapagal |
| | Imelda Romualdez (born 1929) | 1954 | 1989 | Ferdinand Marcos Sr. |
| | Benigno Aquino Jr. (1932–1983) | 1954 | 1983 | Corazon Aquino (née Cojuangco) |
| | Amelita Martinez (b. 1927) | 1954 | 2022 | Fidel V. Ramos |
| | Loi Pimentel (born 1930) | 1959 | — | Joseph Estrada m. 1959 |
| | Jose Miguel Arroyo (born 1945) | 1968 | — | Gloria Macapagal (Mrs. Arroyo) |
| | Elizabeth Zimmerman (born 1948) | 1973 | 2000 Civilly annulled | Rodrigo Duterte |
| | Honeylet Avanceña (born 1970) | Not marriage, as Partner 2005 | — | Rodrigo Duterte |
| | Liza Araneta (born 1959) | 1993 | — | Bongbong Marcos |
* Entries in dark grey denotes spouses who were not married during their partner's presidencies either due to their death, their marriage that had been nullified, or they would be married after their partner's presidency.
* Benigno Aquino III has never been married.
# Audra Plepytė

Audra Plepytė (born 30 October 1971 in Vilnius) is a Lithuanian career diplomat and ambassador. Since May 2021, she is the Lithuanian Ambassador to the United States and Mexico. From 2017, she was the Permanent Representative of Lithuania to the United Nations, where she was elected as the vice-president of the UNICEF Executive Board Bureau on January 12, 2021. Plepytė was the Lithuanian ambassador to Spain and UNWTO from 2010 to 2014.

## Biography

Born in Vilnius, Plepytė graduated from the Vilnius University with a bachelor's degree in philosophy in 1993, receiving a master's degree in philosophy in 1995. She also holds diplomas in international relations from the Institute of International Relations and Political Science at the Vilnius University (1992–1994) and in diplomatic studies from the Oxford University (1995-1996).

## Diplomatic career

Plepytė started her diplomatic career in 1994 as Second, Third Secretary at Multilateral Relations Division at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. From 1996 to 1997 she served as First Secretary, Acting Head of Division of the Americas at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Ms Plepytė held different positions as Advisor to the CBSS Commissioner at the Council of the Baltic Sea States (1997-1998), Acting Head of Northern European Division at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (1998-1999), Counselor at the Embassy of Lithuania in Washington, D.C. (02/1999-07/1999), Counselor, Deputy Permanent Representative to the United Nations at the Permanent Mission of Lithuania to the United Nations (1992-2002).
In 2003 Plepytė become Head of Human Rights and NGOs Division at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. From 2004 to 2008 she was appointed as Counselor, Deputy Representative to the Political and Security Committee at the Lithuanian Permanent Representation to the EU. In 2008 she became Head of International Missions and Conflict Prevention Division at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Director of the Personnel Department at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in 2009.
From 2010 to 2014 Plepytė was Lithuanian ambassador to Spain, World Tourism Organization in the Lithuanian Embassy to the Spain. She had been the director of the European Union Department at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (2014–2017) before being appointed Permanent Representative of Lithuania to the United Nations in New York in August 2017. Ms Plepytė was elected as the president of the executive board of the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) in January 2021. On 21 April 2021 she was nominated as Lithuanian ambassador to the United States. From May 2021 Lithuanian Ambassador to the United States of America and to the United Mexican States.

## Honours and awards

In 1998, she was awarded the decoration of The Royal Norwegian Order of Merit, Knight.
In 2003, she was awarded the decoration of the Order for Merits to Lithuania, Knight.
In 2015, she was awarded the decoration of the Order of Isabella the Catholic.
She is an active member of the International Gender Champions Network aimed at promoting gender parity and women's empowerment.
# Lukáš Palyza

Lukáš Palyza (born 10 November 1989) is a Czech professional basketball player for Caledonia Gladiators in the British Basketball League. He also represents the Czech Republic national team.
In February 2025, he signed with Álftanes of the Icelandic Úrvalsdeild karla.

## National team career

Palyza represented the Czech Republic national team at the EuroBasket 2017, and the 2019 FIBA World Cup.
# Kiisa, Pärnu County

Kiisa is a village in Tori Parish, Pärnu County in southwestern Estonia. Prior to the administrative reform of Estonian local governments in 2017, the village was part of Sauga Parish.
# Razali Ismail

Razali bin Ismail (born 14 April 1939) is a Malaysian diplomat. He is formerly the Chairman of the Human Rights Commission of Malaysia (SUHAKAM) from 2016 to 2019. He was also the 51st President of the United Nations General Assembly from 1996 until 1997.

## Early life and education

He received his education at the Sultan Abdul Hamid College and completed his studies in 1956. Then he continued his education at the Malay College Kuala Kangsar (MCKK) for 2 years. He holds a Bachelor of Arts degree with Honors in literature and the humanities from Universiti Malaya and an Honorary Doctorate from Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.

## Career and post

Razali Ismail first joined the Malaysian Ministry of Foreign Affairs in 1962 and went on to become the Ministry's Deputy Secretary-General in 1985. Before he was appointed to the post, he served as the Malaysia's Assistant High Commissioner in Madras from 1963 to 1964, Second Secretary of Malaysia's Embassy in Paris in between 1966 and 1968, the Counsellor in the Malaysian High Commission in London from 1970 until 1972 and the Chargé d'affaires in Vientiane from 1974 until 1976. He was later the Malaysian Ambassador to Poland from 1978 to 1982 and to India between 1982 and 1985.
After his tenure as Malaysian Ministry of Foreign Affairs' Deputy Secretary-General, he became increasingly involved with the United Nations. In 1989 and 1990, he headed the Malaysian delegation to the United Nations. At the same time, he was the chairman of United Nations Security Council. From 1996 to 1997, he became the President of the United Nations General Assembly.
In the past, he usually headed Malaysian diplomatic delegation to various regional and international bodies such as ASEAN and the Non-Aligned Movement. Until a few years ago, he had been Malaysia's Permanent Representative to the United Nations.
Up until 2005, he was United Nations Secretary-General's Special Envoy to Myanmar and played a pivotal role in releasing Aung San Suu Kyi from house arrest in May 2002. However, his impartiality as a UN Special Envoy was questioned by American officials in an embassy cable that was released via Wikileaks, alleging his business ties with the Burmese military regime. Later however, Myanmar military junta repeatedly denied him entry to Myanmar, contributing to his decision to quit the special envoy status in December 2005.

## Honours
### Honours of Malaysia

* Malaysia :
** Commander of the Order of Loyalty to the Crown of Malaysia (PSM) – Tan Sri (1991)
* Kedah :
** Knight Companion of the Order of Loyalty to the Royal House of Kedah (DSDK) – Dato' (1985)

### Honorary degrees

* Malaysia:
** Honorary Doctorate degree from National University of Malaysia