OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Flag of Salt Lake City

The flag of Salt Lake City, Utah consists of two horizontal bars of blue and white with a sego lily in the canton. It was adopted in 2020 after a city-wide contest to replace a previous flag.

## Historical flags

Historical flags of Salt Lake City :
| Historical flag | Duration | Description |
| | 1969–2006 | A white background with an artistic rendition of Salt Lake City in the center. |
| | 2006–2020 | A dark green and blue bicolor with a modern artistic rendition of Salt Lake City in the center. |

## 1854 design

The first city flag was made in 1854 and was describe as: "...elegant banner of this city whereon is inscribed "Municipality, Order, Justice, G.S.L. city."

## 1963 design

The second adopted city flag was designed in 1963 by J. Rulon Hales, the winner of a contest run by the Deseret News. The first version of the flag was made by art students from Highland High School and officially adopted for use on November 13, 1969. It included seagulls, pioneers, a covered wagon, and the sun rising over the Wasatch Mountains in the middle of a white background. The center was in the general shape of a beehive, which is a symbol of industry and relates to the founding of Salt Lake City and its Mormon heritage.

## 2006 design

The third design of the flag was approved on October 4, 2006, by the Salt Lake City Council. Rocky Anderson, the mayor of Salt Lake City at the time, had sponsored a contest in 2004 to redesign the flag. Anderson argued that the "old flag was too exclusive and focused entirely on the city's Mormon heritage."
The contest, which received more than 50 entries, did not produce any designs that the city council felt had the "symbolic visuals that could be associated with Salt Lake City". They then formed a subcommittee to work with the mayor's office to create new designs for the flag. The final design was approved with a 4–2 margin.

## 2020 design

In May 2020, the city government opened a two-month contest to redesign the flag with a $3,000 prize for the winning entry. The city received over 600 design entries, of which eight finalists were selected in July by the Flag Design Review Committee for public review. The winning design, announced in September 2020, was created through the merger of two finalists created by Arianna Meinking and Elio Kennedy-Yoon from West High School. The design features a sego lily, the Utah state flower, in the canton amidst horizontal fields of blue and white. It was sent to the city council for consideration with the endorsement of mayor Erin Mendenhall and adopted on October 6, 2020.
# IK Våg

Idrettsklubben Våg is a Norwegian sports club from Vågsbygd in Kristiansand.
It has sections for association football, team handball, badminton and athletics. The club was founded on 12 January 1938, and the club colors are green and white.
The women's handball team played until January 2025 in the highest Norwegian league where they had to withdraw due bankruptcy. The club had also won several champions leagues. The twin sisters and international handballstars Kristine Lunde-Borgersen and Katrine Lunde originally played for "Våg Vipers". The club later changed its name to "Vipers Kristiansand", and which the club was called until its dissolution.
The Norwegian heptathlete Ida Marcussen represents IK Våg, after changing in 2005 after a disagreement with her club Kristiansands IF.
The football section is called Våg FK, and played in the Third Division from 1997 to 2010.
# Tor Saunders

Tor Saunders (born April 30, 1998) is an American soccer player who plays as a goalkeeper for North Carolina FC in USL League One.

## Career
### Youth

Saunders attended Glacier Peak High School in Snohomish, Washington, also playing with the Seattle Sounders FC academy from 2013 to 2016. Prior to playing with the Sounders academy, Saunders was with Crossfire Premier.

### College & amateur

In 2016, Saunders attended Akron University to play college soccer. In three seasons with the Zips, Saunders made 18 appearances. He also earned Academic All-MAC accolades in 2018 and 2019. In 2020, Saunders transferred to Coastal Carolina University, where he went on to make 15 appearances across the 2020–21 season. Saunders season with Coastal Carolina saw him earn All-Sun Belt honors along with the Sun Belt Newcomer of the Year award, Senior CLASS Award First-Team All-American, Sun Belt Conference Championship Most Outstanding Player, and was named to the 2021 MAC Hermann Trophy watchlist.
While at college, Saunders also played in the USL League Two with Seattle Sounders FC U-23 in 2017, and South Georgia Tormenta 2 in 2019.

### Professional
#### Nashville SC

On January 21, 2021, Saunders was selected 74th overall in the 2021 MLS SuperDraft by Nashville SC. He officially signed with the Major League Soccer team on June 17, 2021. Saunders was released by Nashville following the 2021 MLS season.

### Indy Eleven

On March 4, 2022, Saunders signed with USL Championship club Indy Eleven. The same day he was loaned to USL League One's Chattanooga Red Wolves for the 2022 season. He made his professional debut on April 2, 2022, starting in a 1–1 draw with Forward Madison. He was released by Indy Eleven on November 30, 2022, following the conclusion of the 2022 season.

### North Carolina FC

Saunders signed with USL League One side North Carolina FC on January 19, 2023.
# John Aldrich (political scientist)

John Herbert Aldrich (born 1947) is an American political scientist and author, known for his research and writings on American politics, elections, and political parties, and on formal theory and methodology in political science.

## Education and career

Aldrich graduated with a B.A. in political science from Allegheny College in 1969. He attended graduate school at the University of Rochester, completing an M.A. in 1971 and a PhD degree in 1975. Aldrich taught at Michigan State University from 1974 to 1981 and at the University of Minnesota from 1981 to 1987, when he joined the faculty at Duke University as a professor of political science.
Aldrich won the Heinz Eulau Award in 1990 for the best article in the American Political Science Review. His book Why Parties? (1995) received the Gladys Kammerer Award from the American Political Science Association for the best book on U.S. national politics.
Aldrich was co-editor of the American Journal of Political Science from 1985 to 1988 and was elected as a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 2001. He was also president of the Southern Political Science Association for 1998-99 and of the Midwest Political Science Association for 2005.
He was elected a Member of the National Academy of Sciences in 2024.

## Select publications

* Before the Convention: Strategies and Choices in Presidential Nomination Campaigns. 1980. University of Chicago Press. ISBN 978-0-226-01270-4
* Analysis with a Limited Dependent Variable: Linear Probability, Logit, and Probit Models. 1984. Sage. (with Forrest Nelson).
* "Foreign Affairs and Issue Voting: Do Presidential Candidates "Waltz Before A Blind Audience?" 1989. American Political Science Review 83(1): 123–141. (with John Sullivan and Eugene Borgida).
* "Rational Choice and Turnout." 1993. American Journal of Political Science 37(1): 246–278.
* American Government: People, Institutions and Policies, 3rd ed. 1994. Houghton Mifflin. (with Paul Johnson and Gary Miller). ISBN 978-0-395-35195-6
* Why Parties? The Origin and Transformation of Political Parties in America. 1995. University of Chicago Press. ISBN 978-0-226-01272-8
* "The Transition to Republican Rule in the House: Implications for Theories of Congressional Politics." 1997. Political Science Quarterly 112(4): 541–567. (with David Rohde).
* Change and Continuity in the 2004 and 2006 Elections. 2007. CQ Press. (with Paul Abramson and David Rohde). ISBN 978-1-60871-798-9
* A Positive Change in Political Science: The Legacy of Richard D. McKelvey’s Most Influential Writings. 2007. University of Michigan Press. (edited with James Alt and Arthur Lupia).
* Why Parties? A Second Look. 2011. University of Chicago Press. ISBN 978-0-226-01274-2
* Why Parties Matter: Political Competition and Democracy in the American South. 2018. (with John D. Griffin).
# Yato Dharmastato Jayah

Yato Dharmastato Jayaḥ (Sanskrit: यतो धर्मस्ततो जयः) is a Sanskrit shloka that occurs a total of 13 times in the Hindu epic the Mahabharata. It means "Where there is Dharma, there will be Victory".

## Meaning

The phrase comes from the Mahabharata verse 13.153.39. On the battlefield of Kurukshetra, during the Kurukshetra War, when Arjuna tries to shake the despondency of Yudhisthira; he states "victory is ensured for the side standing with Dharma". It occurs again when Gandhari, the mother of Kauravas, having lost all her sons in the war, utters it with the intent: "Where there is Dharma, there is Victory".

## Reference in Hindu scriptures

The phrase is often complemented with another shloka in the Mahabharata. Dhritarashtra is warned using this phrase by Vyasa to discourage the unrighteous ways of his sons. It again occurs in the Stri Parva of Hindu Itihasa Mahabharata. It is also told by Bhishma to Duryodhana in Bhagavad Gita Parva. Yato Dharmastato Jayah occurs a total of eleven times in the Mahabharata.
In Karna-Upanivada Parva, Karna while accepting his mistakes in front of Krishna, also said this.
In Vidura Niti, when Dhritarashtra is interacting with Vidura, he uses this phrase. He says, "though I know that victory lies on the path of Dharma, even then I cannot forsake my son Duryodhana".
Dharma Viveka, a Sanskrit poem composed by Halayudhvi, ends with this phrase.

## In studies

In Bala Vihar, an educational activity for children, Chinmaya Mission uses this message to supplement the concept of Karma. Scholar Alf Hiltebeitel takes this up in detail in his study of Dharma and Bhagwat Gita. Before Alf, the scholar Sylvain Lévi is known to have studied this phrase in detail with varying interpretations. In an article of the Indian Defence Review journal, it is characterized as "best sums up the Indian thought", here meaning, "If we are righteous, then victory will be ours [India's]". In the study of ethics, it is taken to convey that "ultimate victory is that of righteousness".
# Aarhus County

Aarhus County Århus Amt (Danish) :
| Basic Facts ||
| County seat | Århus |
| Area | 4,561 km$^2$ |
| Inhabitants | 661,370 (2006) |
| Map ||
Aarhus County or Århus County (Danish: Århus Amt) is a former county of Denmark (Danish: amt) on the Jutland peninsula. It was created in 1970 by a merger of three counties: Århus, Randers and Skanderborg. The county was abolished effective 1 January 2007, when almost all of it merged into Region Midtjylland (i.e. Region Central Jutland). A very small portion was merged into Region Nordjylland (Region North Jutland). At the time of its abolishment, more than 20,000 people worked for the county.

## Municipalities (1970–2006)

| Aarhus municipality Ebeltoft municipality Galten municipality Gjern municipality Grenaa municipality Hadsten municipality Hammel municipality Hinnerup municipality Hørning municipality Langå municipality Mariager municipality Midtdjurs municipality Nørhald municipality | Nørre Djurs municipality Odder municipality Purhus municipality Randers municipality Rosenholm municipality Rougsø municipality Ry municipality Rønde municipality Samsø municipality Silkeborg municipality Skanderborg municipality Sønderhald municipality Them municipality |
# 41st Guldbagge Awards

The 41st Guldbagge Awards ceremony, presented by the Swedish Film Institute, honored the best Swedish films of 2005, and took place on 30 January 2006. Nina's Journey directed by Lena Einhorn was presented with the award for Best Film.

## Winner and nominees
### Awards

| Best Film Nina's Journey – Kaśka Krośny Mouth to Mouth – Clas Gunnarsson Zozo – Anna Anthony | Best Director Ulf Malmros – Tjenare kungen Björn Runge – Mouth to Mouth Josef Fares – Zozo |
| Best Actress in a leading role Maria Lundqvist – Mother of Mine Tuva Novotny – Four Weeks in June Amanda Ooms – Harry's Daughters | Best Actor in a leading role Krister Henriksson – Sex, Hope and Love Mikael Persbrandt – Bang Bang Orangutang Peter Andersson – Mouth to Mouth |
| Best Supporting Actress Ghita Nørby – Four Weeks in June Tuva Novotny – Bang Bang Orangutang Sofia Westberg – Mouth to Mouth | Best Supporting Actor Magnus Krepper – Mouth to Mouth Michael Nyqvist – Mother of Mine Börje Ahlstedt – Percy, Buffalo Bill & I |
| Best Screenplay Lena Einhorn – Nina's Journey Björn Runge – Mouth to Mouth Josef Fares – Zozo | Best Cinematography Aril Wretblad – Zozo Philip Øgaard – Kim Novak Never Swam in Genesaret's Lake Anders Bohman – Mouth to Mouth |
| Best Documentary Feature Prostitution Behind the Veil – Nahid Persson The Well – Kristian Petri The Kinch – Måns Månsson | Best Shortfilm A Night Story – Maja Lindström Autobiographical Scene Number 6882 – Ruben Östlund The Lodge – Gunilla Heilborn and Mårten Nilsson |
| Best Achievement Adam Nordén, for the music in Zozo Jaana Fomin, for the costume design in Tjenare kungen | Best Foreign Film L'Enfant – Luc & Jean-Pierre Dardenne Caché – Michael Haneke Nobody Knows – Hirokazu Koreeda |
| Gullspiran Per Åhlin, animator and director | Honorary Award Anita Björk, actress |
| The Ingmar Bergman Award Åse Kleveland |
# Variable

The term Variable is relevant to several contexts, and is especially important to mathematics and computer science. Scientists and engineers will often use mathematical variables in formulae and equations, such as E = mc$^2$; they will also have their own special uses of the term.
The term Variable can also occur in other contexts, such as entertainment.

## Variable in computer science

* Variable (computer science), a symbolic name associated with a value and whose associated value may be changed

## Variable in mathematics

* Variable (mathematics), a symbol that represents a quantity in a mathematical expression, as used in many sciences
* Fluent (mathematics), a time-varying quantity as coined by Isaac Newton in his early calculus
* Random variable, a variable in statistics whose value depends on random events

## Variable in the physical and social sciences

* Variable (research), a logical set of attributes
* Control variable, a measurable entity which is constant (controlled) and unchanged throughout the course of a scientific experiment
* Variable star, a type of astronomical star

## Other kinds of variable

* "The Variable", an episode of the television series Lost
# Webb Ellis Rugby Football Museum

The Webb Ellis Rugby Football Museum is a rugby football museum in the town centre of Rugby in Warwickshire, England, near Rugby School. It takes its name from William Webb Ellis, who is credited with inventing the game of rugby football.
The building dates from 1842, and it historically housed the Gilbert company, makers of rugby footballs, founded by William Gilbert and his nephew James. In 1983, the company was taken over by Rodney Webb, a former England international rugby union player, who conceived the idea of turning the premises into a museum, as at the time there was no museum in Britain dedicated solely to the game of rugby football. It was opened to the public four years later in April 1987.
The museum is packed with much rugby memorabilia, including a Gilbert football of the kind used at Rugby School that was exhibited at the first World's Fair, at the Great Exhibition in London and the original Richard Lindon (inventor of the rubber bladder for rugby balls) brass hand pump. Traditional handmade rugby balls are still made at the museum.
# Bears

Bear
# Sophie Milliet

Sophie Milliet (born 2 November 1983 in Marseille) is a French chess player and six times national women's champion (2003, 2008, 2009, 2011, 2016 and 2017). She was awarded the International Master title in March 2009, having earned the norms at the French Club Championship (2005), the Swiss Championship at Lenzerheide (2006) and the Béthune Open (2008).

## Chess career

Milliet was raised in the French town of Castelnau-le-Lez and learned to play chess at the age of four. Her endeavours at junior level showed good promise and catapulted her Elo rating over the 2100 mark by the time she was seventeen years of age. Consequently, she played top board for the French Girls team at the Faber Cup in Dublin in 2000 and contributed to winning the event.
However, it was at Aix-les-Bains in 2003 that she showed her greatest progress, winning the French Women's Championship with 9/11, an impressive 1½ points clear of the field. The result sealed her qualification for the Woman Grandmaster (WGM) title, awarded the same year. At the 2004 event, she came close to repeating her previous success, for a while leading the competition in Val d'Isère and eventually taking second place behind Almira Skripchenko. Due to the strength of this contest, she gained many rating points.
In 2006, she made a foray to the Swiss Open Championship in Lenzerheide and placed a creditable third. Competing at the Baku 2007 Women's International she faced a tough test, losing her first 3 games, then resourcefully climbing back to 4/9 in what was a first class line-up. Pia Cramling was just one notable scalp along the way.
The French championship returned to Aix-les-Bains in 2007 and once again she finished in first place, this time on equal points with Silvia Collas. A rapidplay play-off was used to determine the champion and Milliet narrowly missed out. At Pau in 2008, she claimed a second triumph in the French Women's Championship. At Nîmes in 2009 she won her third title with the score of 7/10 (+5 −1 =4).
In October 2015, Milliet became the Mediterranean Women's Champion in Beirut.
At Agen in 2016 and 2017, she again won the French Women's national championship, the latter being in convincing fashion, after finishing 2.5 points above runner-up Cecile Haussernot.
A keen exponent of team chess, she represented France in the Chess Olympiads of 2004 and 2006, notching up a healthy, cumulative plus score of +11 −4 =6. She also participated at the European Team Chess Championships of 2003, 2005 and 2007. As a player of league chess, she is extremely active and has participated in the French Nationale for three teams; Bischwiller, Clichy and latterly, Montpellier. Between 2003 and 2005 she was a frequent visitor to the German Women's Bundesliga and in respect of the UK's 4NCL, has occasionally appeared for the largely female-populated Pride and Prejudice team in 2007/08.
# Lipochaeta tenuifolia

Lipochaeta tenuifolia is a rare species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae known by the common names Waianae Range nehe and slender-leaf nehe.
It is endemic to Hawaii, where it is known only from the island of Oahu. It grows on mountain slopes and ridges and is limited to the Waianae Range of Oahu. There are 10 occurrences for a total population between 2,000 and 3,000 individuals.

## Description

Lipochaeta tenuifolia is perennial herb produces daisylike yellow flower heads and highly dissected, lacy-looking leaves.

## Conservation

It is federally listed as an endangered species of the United States. The main threat to the species is the loss and degradation of its habitat caused by feral ungulates, non-native plants, and fire.
# Seoul Museum of Art

The Seoul Museum of Art (Korean: 서울시립미술관) is an art museum operated by Seoul City Council and located in central of Seoul, South Korea.

## History

It was opened in the Gyeonghuigung Palace area, a royal palace of Joseon dynasty, with six exhibition rooms and an outdoor sculpture park. However, in 2002 a larger main branch was opened behind Deoksugung Palace, replacing the Gyeonguigung Branch as the main branch. Occupying the old Korean Supreme Court building this remodeled and renovated version houses three floors of exhibition halls, a connected administration annex, and a basement with lecture halls, classrooms and offices. The museum has two more branches in Seoul: one is located in Nowon District (SeMA Buk-Seoul) and the other is located in Namhyeon-dong, Gwanak-gu (SeMA Nam-Seoul).
The museum's main branch offers a wide variety of services to the general public. Offered by the museum are low, or no-cost, public art classes in Korean traditional arts, docent programs in English and Korean and lectures open to the public in order to further its mission.

## Directors and curators

Currently Kim Hong-hee is vice executive of the museum.
# 2004 Fed Cup Europe/Africa Zone Group I – Pool B

Group B of the 2004 Fed Cup Europe/Africa Zone Group I was one of four pools in the Europe/Africa Zone Group I of the 2004 Fed Cup. Three teams competed in a round robin competition, with the top two teams advancing to the advancement play-offs and the bottom team being relegated down to the relegation play-offs.
| | | ISR | NED | RSA | UKR | RR W–L | Set W–L | Game W–L | Standings |
| 19 | Israel | | 3–0 | 2–1 | 0–3 | 2–1 | 10–7 | 83–71 | 2 |
| 25 | Netherlands | 0–3 | | 2–1 | 1–2 | 1–2 | 7–14 | 90–115 | 3 |
| 27 | South Africa | 1–2 | 1–2 | | 1–2 | 0–3 | 8–12 | 81–103 | 4 |
| 28 | Ukraine | 3–0 | 2–1 | 2–1 | | 3–0 | 12–4 | 94–59 | 1 |

## Israel vs. Netherlands

| Israel 2 | Athens Lawn Tennis Club, Athens, Greece 19 April 2004 Red clay (outdoors) | Athens Lawn Tennis Club, Athens, Greece 19 April 2004 Red clay (outdoors) | Netherlands 1 |
| 1 2 3 1 Tzipora Obziler Anousjka van Exel 7 5 6 4     2 Anna Smashnova Elise Tamaëla 6 1 6 2     3 Tzipora Obziler / Anna Smashnova Michaëlla Krajicek / Anousjka van Exel 3 6 7 5 6 1 ||||

## South Africa vs. Ukraine

| South Africa 1 | Athens Lawn Tennis Club, Athens, Greece 20 April 2004 Red clay (outdoors) | Athens Lawn Tennis Club, Athens, Greece 20 April 2004 Red clay (outdoors) | Ukraine 2 |
| 1 2 3 1 Nicole Rencken Elena Tatarkova 4 6 1 6     2 Natalie Grandin Yuliya Beygelzimer 7 5 7 5     3 Natalie Grandin / Nicole Rencken Mariya Koryttseva / Olga Savchuk 0 6 1 6 ||||

## Israel vs. South Africa

| Israel 2 | Athens Lawn Tennis Club, Athens, Greece 21 April 2004 Red clay (outdoors) | Athens Lawn Tennis Club, Athens, Greece 21 April 2004 Red clay (outdoors) | South Africa 1 |
| 1 2 3 1 Tzipora Obziler Chanelle Scheepers 6 1 6 4     2 Anna Smashnova Nicole Rencken 6 1 6 1     3 Shahar Pe'er / Anna Smashnova Natalie Grandin / Nicole Rencken 1 6 3 6 ||||

## Netherlands vs. Ukraine

| Netherlands 1 | Athens Lawn Tennis Club, Athens, Greece 21 April 2004 Red clay (outdoors) | Athens Lawn Tennis Club, Athens, Greece 21 April 2004 Red clay (outdoors) | Ukraine 2 |
| 1 2 3 1 Michaëlla Krajicek Elena Tatarkova 2 6 3 6     2 Elise Tamaëla Yuliya Beygelzimer 2 6 6$^4$ 7$^7$     3 Tessy van de Ven / Anousjka van Exel Mariya Koryttseva / Olga Savchuk 6 3 6 4 ||||

## Netherlands vs. South Africa

| Netherlands 2 | Athens Lawn Tennis Club, Athens, Greece 22 April 2004 Red clay (outdoors) | Athens Lawn Tennis Club, Athens, Greece 22 April 2004 Red clay (outdoors) | South Africa 1 |
| 1 2 3 1 Michaëlla Krajicek Chanelle Scheepers 7 5 2 6 6 2   2 Elise Tamaëla Natalie Grandin 6 2 4 6 11 9   3 Tessy van de Ven / Anousjka van Exel Nicole Rencken / Chanelle Scheepers 3 6 2 6 ||||

## Israel vs. Ukraine

| Israel 0 | Athens Lawn Tennis Club, Athens, Greece 23 April 2004 Red clay (outdoors) | Athens Lawn Tennis Club, Athens, Greece 23 April 2004 Red clay (outdoors) | Ukraine 3 |
| 1 2 3 1 Shahar Pe'er Elena Tatarkova 4 6 2 6     2 Tzipora Obziler Yuliya Beygelzimer 3 6 1 6     3 Shahar Pe'er / Anna Smashnova Mariya Koryttseva / Olga Savchuk 4 4     retired ||||