OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 724

Year 724 (DCCXXIV) was a leap year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar, the 724th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD)

## January – June

* January 26 – (24 Sha'ban 105 AH) Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik, becomes the new Caliph of the Umayyad Caliphate, which covers most of the Middle East, North Africa and Spain, after his brother Yazid II dies of tuberculosis following a 4-year reign. Hisham reigns for 19 years, during which he appoints Khalid al-Qasri as of Governor of Iraq
* February – Al-Jarrah ibn Abdallah of the Umayyad Caliphate inflicts a crushing defeat on the Khazars of what is now Russia in a battle fought between the Cyrus and Araxes Rivers.
* March 3 – Empress Genshō abdicates the throne, in favor of her 23-year-old nephew, Prince Obiot, who becomes the 45th monarch of Japan as the Emperor Shōmu. He is the son of the late Emperor Monmu, and becomes .
* March 6 – Muhammad ibn Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan, the son of the Caliph Abd al-Malik, is appointed as the Umayyad Governor of Egypt after Hanzala ibn Safwan al-Kalbi resigns. He serves for only two months.
* April – Athanasius III becomes the new Patriarch of the Syriac Orthodox Church, six months after the death of Elias I.
* May 2 – Muhammand ibn Marwan resigns as Governor of Egypt after a difference of opinion on policy, and is replaced by Al-Hurr ibn Yusuf.

## July – December

* July 11 – Prince Æthelbert of the Kingdom of Kent issues a charter that is approved by his father, King Wihtred.
* August 15 – China's Emperor Xuanzong deposes his wife, the Empress consort Wang.
* December 29 – K'ak' Tiliw Chan Yopaat becomes king (ajaw) of the Maya city-state of Quiriguá, now in Guatemala), and serves for more than 60 years until his death in 785.

### By place
#### Europe

* Ragenfrid, ex-mayor of the palace of Neustria, revolts against Charles Martel. He is easily defeated, and Ragenfrid gives up his sons as hostages, in return for being allowed to keep his lands in Anjou.
* Cináed mac Írgalaig, also known as "the one-eyed", becomes High King of Ireland.

#### Arabian Empire

* The Turgesh Khaganate scores a major victory over the Arabs, in the "Day of Thirst" near Khujand (modern Tajikistan).
* A Muslim fleet raids the Byzantine-ruled Balearic Islands, as well as Byzantine Sardinia and Lombard Corsica.

### By topic
#### Architecture

* Shōmu orders that houses of the Japanese nobility be roofed with green tiles, as in China, and have white walls with red roof poles (approximate date).

#### Religion

* Pirmin, Visigothic monk, is appointed abbot of Mittelzell Abbey at Reichenau Island, which he has founded.
* Hugh of Champagne, grandson of Pepin of Herstal, is appointed bishop of Bayeux.

## Births

* Dong Jin, Chinese official and general
* Fujiwara no Hamanari, Japanese noble and poet

## Deaths

* January 26 – Yazid II, Muslim caliph (b. 687)
* Felix, archbishop of Ravenna
* Fogartach mac Néill, High King of Ireland
* Hababah, concubine singer of Caliph Yazid II.
* Rotrude of Treves, wife of Charles Martel
* Tonyukuk, military leader of the Göktürks (approximate date)
# Detlef Gromoll

Detlef Gromoll (13 May 1938 – 31 May 2008) was a mathematician who worked in differential geometry.

## Biography

Gromoll was born in Berlin in 1938, and was a classically trained violinist. After living and attending school in Rosdorf and graduating from high school in Bonn, he obtained his Ph.D. in mathematics at the University of Bonn in 1964. Following sojourns at several universities, he joined the State University of New York at Stony Brook in 1969.
He married Suzan L. Lemay on 29 December 1971, and they had three children together: Hans Christian (also a mathematician), Heidi, and Stefan, a physicist & cofounder of Scientific Media.
# Acharya Buddharakkhita

Acharya Buddharakkhita (Pali: बुद्धरक्खित; 1922–2013) was an Indian Buddhist monk and prolific writer who established the Mahā Bodhī Society of Beṅgaḷūru. It is affiliated with the Mahā Bodhī Society of Kolkātā founded by Anagarika Dharmapala, with both organizations functioning independently of each other.
He was born in Imphal, Manipur, in 1922. His parents were Vishnupada and Sailavaladevi Bandopadhyaya. 1942, he took part in the Quit India Movement.
He joined the Indian defence services after his graduation from the Institute of Engineering Technology, Calcutta. He participated in World War II, after which he resigned to find truth and freedom. He became a monk in 1948. He travelled all over India and also taught in Sri Lanka and Burma. Finally he established the Maha Bodhi Society in Bangalore to propagate Buddhism.
In 1952, Moonasinghe, niece of the Venerable Anagarika Dhammapala Maha Upasika —a well-known Buddhist in Bangalore, known to the Maharaja donated him a land for Maha Bodhi Society. He also established schools, hostels, hospitals and an artificial limb centre for the society. He had written 150 books and published two periodicals. He was honored with Abhidhaja Aggamaha Saddhammajotika award by the Myanmar government.
He died at Maha Bodhi Society, Bangalore, on 23 September 2013.

## Also see

* Bhadant Anand Kausalyayan (1905 – 1988)
* Rahul Sankrityayan (1893 – 1963)

## Books

* The Dhammapada: The Buddha's Path of Wisdom. Buddhist Publication Society, 1998. ISBN 9552401313.
* Die Weisheit des Lotus. Philosophie und Praxis buddhistischer Hingabe. ISBN 9783897672536.
* Buddhas lebendiges Erbe. Schirner Verlag, 2005. ISBN 9783897672154.
* Dem Buddha folgen. Geschichten vom Erleuchteten. Schirner Publisher, ISBN 9783897672741.
* Metta. Schirner Verlag Publisher, 2004, ISBN 9783897671775.
* Buddhist manual for everyday practice. Paperback Publisher, 1996.
* METTA: The Philosophy and Practice of Universal Love. Buddhist Publication Society, Kandy, Sri Lanka, ISBN 9552400368.
* Positive Response: How To Meet Evil With Good. Publisher - Buddhist Publication Society, Kandy, Sri Lanka, 1987
* What Meditation Implies. Publisher - Buddhist Publication Society, Kandy, Sri Lanka, 2008
* LIVING LEGACY OF THE BUDDHA. 2002.
* Mind Overcoming Its Cankers: An In-depth Study of Mental Effluents in Buddhist Perspective. Publisher - Buddha Vachana Trust, Bangalore. ISBN 9552402506.
* Dem Buddha folgen. Geschichten vom Erleuchteten. Schirner Verlag.
* Invisible protection. Publisher - Buddha Vachana Trust, 2002.
* Dhammapada: a practical guide to right living. Publisher Suki Hotu Dhamma. ISBN 9839382136.
* Unerschütterlicher Schutz. Schirner, 2007. ISBN 9783897673205.
* Halo'd Triumphs. Publisher - Buddha Vachana Trust, Bangalore, 1976.
* Dhamma. Vol. 2, No. 1 (Editor). 1977
* An Unforgettable Inheritance Part II. Publisher - Buddha Vachana Trust, Bangalore.
* An Unforgettable Inheritance Stories of Dhammapada. Publisher - Buddha Vachna Trust / Swayam Sahaya, Bangalore
* Die Lehre von Karma und Wiedergeburt. Schirner, 2004. ISBN 9783897671799.
* Copy of the Dhammapada translated by Acharya Buddharakkhita
# Józef Berger

Józef Berger (14 March 1901 – 11 June 1962) was a Polish Lutheran pastor, theologian and politician from the region of Trans-Olza, Czechoslovakia. He was a member of the Polish People's Party, a political party active amongst middle-class Lutherans of the Polish minority in interbellum Czechoslovakia.

## Biography

In 1920 Berger graduated from Juliusz Słowacki Polish Grammar School in Orlová, and in 1924 from the Theological Faculty of the University of Warsaw, where he studied the Protestant theology.
He was actively engaged in the life of the Polish community in Trans-Olza. It was mainly thanks to him that the new Lutheran church was built in 1932 in Czeski Cieszyn. From its foundation in 1922, he was one of the leading activists of the Polish People's Party in Czechoslovakia. After the annexation of the Trans-Olza region to Poland in 1938, President Ignacy Mościcki named him a deputy of the Silesian Parliament, where Berger was a deputy until the outbreak of World War II.
During the Nazi occupation he was interned in the Auschwitz and Dachau concentration camps.
From 1945 to 1952, he worked as a pastor at the Lutheran church in Český Těšín. On 25 June 1950 he was elected a superintendent of the Silesian Evangelical Church of the Augsburg Confession. In 1952, Berger was designated a professor of systematic theology at the Theological Academy in Modra near Bratislava and moved permanently to Bratislava.
Berger was also active in the tourist and skiing organizations of the Polish minority in Czechoslovakia. In his free time, he also enjoyed painting, covering mostly the landscapes of his native region.
# Mark G. Papa

Mark G. Papa (born 1946/1947) is an American businessman. He is the founder and former chairman and CEO of EOG Resources. On August 1, 2019, he became non-executive chairman of Schlumberger.

## Biography
### Early life

Papa graduated from the University of Pittsburgh, where he received a bachelor's degree in Petroleum Engineering in 1968. He went on to receive a master's degree in Business Administration from the University of Houston.

### Career

He started his career at the Belco Petroleum Corporation in 1981. In 1999, he founded EOG Resources, an oil and gas company headquartered in Houston, Texas. He served as its chairman and chief executive officer, and currently serves on its board of directors. Additionally, he serves on the board of directors of Oil States International.
He has served as the chairman of the United States Oil and Gas Association.

## Political life

He has supported Republican candidates.
# Sumatran shortwing

The Sumatran shortwing (Brachypteryx saturata) is a species of bird in the Old World flycatcher family Muscicapidae. It is endemic to the island of Sumatra in western Indonesia where it favours montane forest.
This species was formerly considered as a subspecies of the white-browed shortwing, now the Javan shortwing (Brachypteryx montana). The white-browed shortwing was split into five separate species based on the deep genetic difference between the populations coupled with the significant differences in plumage and vocalization.
# Israil Kasumov

Israil Asludievich Kasumov (Russian: Касумов, Исраил Аслудиевич; born 2 June 1990 in Serzhen-Yurt.) is a Russian freestyle wrestler of Chechen ethnicity. Kasumov is a four-time Ivan Yarygin Golden Grand Prix gold-medallist, from 2014, 2016, 2017 and 2020) and the 2021 European Champion, which took place in Warsaw, Poland
# Shokichi Sato

Shokichi Sato (佐藤 昌吉, Satō Shōkichi, born April 9, 1971) is a former Japanese football player.

## Playing career

Sato was born in Aomori Prefecture on April 9, 1971. After graduating from high school, he joined NKK in 1990. He played several matches in every season. However the club was disbanded end of 1993 season. In 1994, he moved to Kyoto Purple Sanga. He played many matches as left side midfielder and left side back. In 1999, he moved to newly was promoted to J2 League club, Omiya Ardija. He retired end of 1999 season.

## Club statistics

| Club performance | Club performance | Club performance | League | League | Cup | Cup | League Cup | League Cup | Total | Total |
| Season | Club | League | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Japan | Japan | Japan | League | League | Emperor's Cup | Emperor's Cup | J.League Cup | J.League Cup | Total | Total |
| 1990/91 | NKK | JSL Division 1 | 8 | 0 | - | - | - | - | 8 | 0 |
| 1992 | NKK | Football League | 3 | 0 | - | - | - | - | 3 | 0 |
| 1993 | NKK | Football League | 4 | 0 | 1 | 0 | - | - | 5 | 0 |
| 1994 | Kyoto Purple Sanga | Football League | 5 | 0 | 3 | 0 | - | - | 8 | 0 |
| 1995 | Kyoto Purple Sanga | Football League | 18 | 0 | 1 | 0 | - | - | 19 | 0 |
| 1996 | Kyoto Purple Sanga | J1 League | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 9 | 0 | 10 | 0 |
| 1997 | Kyoto Purple Sanga | J1 League | 16 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 20 | 0 |
| 1998 | Kyoto Purple Sanga | J1 League | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 9 | 0 |
| 1999 | Omiya Ardija | J2 League | 13 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 16 | 1 |
| Total | Total | Total | 75 | 1 | 10 | 0 | 13 | 0 | 98 | 1 |
# Líšťany (Plzeň-North District)

Líšťany is a municipality and village in Plzeň-North District in the Plzeň Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 800 inhabitants.
Líšťany lies approximately 17 kilometres (11 mi) north-west of Plzeň and 93 km (58 mi) west of Prague.

## Administrative division

Líšťany consists of eight municipal parts (in brackets population according to the 2021 census):
* Líšťany (346)
* Hunčice (74)
* Košetice (69)
* Lipno (52)
* Luhov (87)
* Náklov (34)
* Písek (59)
* Třebobuz (37)
# Szczytniki, Poznań County

Szczytniki is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Kórnik, within Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. It lies approximately 9 kilometres (6 mi) north-west of Kórnik and 14 km (9 mi) south-east of the regional capital Poznań.
# Paul D. Cronin

Paul David Cronin (May 26, 1936 – December 29, 2024) was an American horseman, riding instructor, and author. He studied under Vladimir Littauer for 30 years, and taught Littauer's forward seat riding system. His book Schooling and Riding the Sport Horse (2004) was intended to be a modern and updated version of Littauer's Commonsense Horsemanship. In it, Cronin detailed the history of the American forward seat riding system, gave advice on training young and green horses, and outlined a three-part system based on controls, position and schooling.
Cronin was director of the riding program at Sweet Briar College from 1967–2002, and became Professor Emeritus and Director of Riding Emeritus in 2003. Among his students there was Olympic athlete Lendon Gray, rider of Seldom Seen.
Cronin was involved with the American National Riding Commission, and was an "R" judge for hunt seat competitions from 1965 to 1987. In the state of Virginia, he was a member of the equitation committee of the Virginia Horse Show Association from 1974 to 1980, was a director for the Virginia Horse Council in 1981–1982, and was on the riding committee of the Old Dominion Athletic Conference from 1985 until 2001. Beginning in 1999 Cronin was an advisory member at large for the Affiliated/American National Riding Council. Cronin died on December 29, 2024, at the age of 88.

## Publications

* Riding Standards. The Policies and Operating Procedures of the National Riding Committee 1973-1974. Washington, DC: American Association for Health, Physical Education, and Recreation, 1973 (editor)
* Schooling and Riding the Sport Horse: A Modern American Hunter Jumper System. Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 2004 (foreword by Joe Fargis)

## Awards

* 1987 - Coach of the Year, Old Dominion Athletic Conference
* 1997 - Educator of the Year Award, Virginia Horse Council
* 1997 - Hall of Fame Inductee, Southwest Virginia Hunter Jumper Association
* 2006 - One of 12 Affiliate Regional Awards of the United States Hunter/Jumper Association
* 2009 - Pegasus Award, United States Equestrian Federation
# TRISHNA

TRISHNA or (Thermal infraRed Imaging Satellite for High-resolution Natural resource Assessment) is a planned cooperative joint satellite mission between the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) of India and Centre national d'études spatiales (CNES) of France.

## History

The Mission was announced during bilateral talks between India and France in July 2023. On 19 March 2024, TRISHNA received approval from both space agencies and a project team has been formed to finish developing the mission concept. It is currently planned for a launch in 2026, aboard a PSLV rocket from Satish Dhawan Space Centre. This marks the next collaboration in space between India and France following the Megha-Tropiques and SARAL satellites.
A Workshop is planned to be conducted by ISRO and CNES in November 2024 about the mission goals.

## Instruments

Trishna aims to have a resolution of approximately 57 metres and a re-visit interval of about three days. It would have two instruments, namely Visible and Near Infrared (VNIR)/Short Wave InfraRed (SWIR) sensor (VSWIR) and Thermal InfraRed instrument (TIR).
# God of Love

God of Love may refer to:
* Deities of love in various cultures
* God of Love (album), a 1995 album by hardcore punk group Bad Brains
* God of Love (film), an Academy-Award-winning short film
# Eleanor Scoones

Eleanor Jane Scoones (20 January 1981 – 2 July 2023) was an English television producer and director. A history graduate of Trinity College, Cambridge, she worked on programmes presented by the historian Lucy Worsley and others broadcast on multiple British television channels such as BBC One, BBC Two, BBC Four, Channel 4 and Channel 5.

## Biography

Scoones was born on 20 January 1981, in Stepney, East London. She was the daughter of the English language teacher to foreign students Philip Anthony Francis Scoones and the National Trust worker Jane Francesca (née Barran). Scoones moved to Hammersmith when she was four and was educated at St Paul's Girls' School in London. She excelled in history, having become interested in the subject by a history teacher. Scoones studied history at Trinity College, Cambridge.
Following graduation, she got a job at Silver River, a production company. Scoones was an assistant producer and worked on a BBC documentary on The Blitz in 2008. In 2011, she made the first collaboration with the historian Lucy Worsley when she was the assistant producer of the series If These Walls Could Talk broadcast on BBC Four in 2011. The following year, Scoones again worked with Worsley on the three-part series Harlots, Housewives and Heroines: 17th Century History for Girls on women of Stuart Restoration period following the end of the Commonwealth of England run by Oliver Cromwell. The series was the first one she directed, something she aspired to be. Scoones directed the series Fit to Rule? How Royal Illness Changed History broadcast on BBC Two in 2013, scrutinising the biological and psychological strengths and weaknesses of rulers from Henry VIII to Edward VIII. She was the writer and director of the two-part 2014 BBC Two series Russia's Lost Princesses on the four daughters of Tsar Nicholas II who were murdered by the Bolsheviks. Scoones went on to direct the BBC Two documentary The Ascent of Woman by the historian Amanda Foreman, discovering stories on history-making women from 10,000 BC to the present.
She was the director of episodes of the BBC One genealogy documentary series Who Do You Think You Are? from 2016 to 2020. The episodes included the comedian Greg Davies, the singer Lulu, the actress Naomie Harris, the actress Jodie Whittaker and the comedian Jack Whitehall with his father. Scoones also worked for Twenty Twenty Television, Wall to Wall Media and Viacom International Studios, and other programmes she worked on include Our Victorian Christmas broadcast on Channel 5, A House Through Time for BBC Two, Lucy Worsley's Royal Palace Secrets for BBC Four, The Supersizers..., Sex Story: Fifty Shades of Grey for Channel 4, and both Dancing Cheek to Cheek: An Intimate History of Dance and Dan Cruickshank: At Home With The British for BBC Four.

## Personal life

Scoones was married to the finance worker Xavier and had two children with him. She died of ovarian cancer on 2 June 2023.
# Battle for Argun

The Battle for Argun (Russian: Битва за Аргун; Chechen: Оргера тӀом) took place between Chechen Islamists under the command of Ramzan Akhmadov and Ibn al-Khattab and the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation in the early stages of the Second Chechen war for control of the city of Argun. This military operation lasted four days and ended with significant losses for the Russian army.

## Background

After the Ichkerian Armed Forces under the command of Shamil Basayev were surrounded in Grozny in December 1999, Ibn al-Khattab suggested that Chechen Islamists attack the towns of Argun and Shali to distract the Russian army from Grozny. According to Khattab's plan. The Chechens were to operate in three large detachments: one would capture Shali, the second Argun, and the third would cut the Russian army's communications on the Gudermes-Grozny road and ambush several Russian rear columns at once.
According to plan, the amir of the Urus-Martanovsky Jamaat, Ramzan Akhmadov, was to be the main commander of the combat operation. It was he who was to capture the town of Argun. His squad included Islamists with good training and combat experience.

## Battle

On 6 January, in heavy snowfall, Ramzan Akhmadov's detachment descended to Shali and settled for the night in the territory of an abandoned huge industrial zone of a Pipe Factory. At that time the Russian command received information that a group of militants had been spotted on the territory of the plant. Three BMPs with Ulyanovsk and Yakutian OMON officers were sent to check this information. In the course of the battle two BMPs were burnt down, three fighters from the 74th Brigade were captured and 9 OMON officers and soldiers were killed. After the battle, artillery fired on the factory, but Ramzan Akhmadov's detachment had already left the site.
On 9 January, Ramzan Akhmadov's detachments entered the city of Argun from several sides and captured the city. At that time there were about 200 OMON (military police) soldiers in the surrounded buildings of the railway station and the commandant's office. Having learnt how many soldiers were in the commandant's base, Akhmadov subjected the building to heavy shelling and refused to storm it. Those who were surrounded urgently called for help. However, all attempts (counter attack) by Russian troops to make their way into Argun were repelled by the Islamic Brigade under the command of Ibn al-Khattab, who was operating on the outskirts of the city of Argun.
Having fulfilled their plan to divert the attention of Russian troops from the encircled city of Grozny, Ramzan Akhmadov's and Khattab's detachments retreated from Argun on 11 January, but minor fighting in the city continued for a couple of days. It is reported that during the retreat they organised the withdrawal of the wounded Shamil Basayev to the mountains. Ramzan Akhmadov later recalled that due to extreme fatigue they overturned the stretcher on which they were carrying Basayev several times.
# Cloyd Robinson

Cloyd E. "Robby" Robinson (April 25, 1938 – December 30, 2024) was an American politician from the state of Iowa. He was born in Norway, Iowa, the son of Earl and Florence Robinson. He married Shirlene Rimrodt in 1956, and they would have four children. He served as a Democratic member of the Iowa Senate from 1971 to 1981. In 1974, he was the Democratic nominee for Secretary of State of Iowa, and he lost the general election to longtime incumbent Republican Melvin D. Synhorst by a margin of 55%–44%. Robinson died in Hiawatha, Iowa on December 30, 2024, at the age of 86.

## Electoral history
### 1970
#### Special election

Iowa Senate, District 22, 1970 special election * denotes incumbent     Source: :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Democratic | Cloyd Robinson | 2,782 | 55.8 |
| | Republican | Jesse G. Hunter | 2,201 | 44.2 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 4,983 | 100 |

### 1972
#### General election

Iowa Senate, District 14, 1972 general election * denotes incumbent     Source: :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Democratic | Cloyd Robinson * | 11,827 | 54.3 |
| | Republican | Gay Dahn | 9,939 | 45.7 |
| | Write-in | Write-in | 1 | 0.0 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 21,767 | 100 |

### 1974
#### General election

Iowa Secretary of State, 1974 general election * denotes incumbent     Source: :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Republican | Melvin D. Synhorst * | 473,329 | 54.9 |
| | Democratic | Cloyd Robinson | 388,200 | 45.1 |
| | Write-in | Write-in | 31 | 0.0 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 861,560 | 100 |

### 1976
#### General election

Iowa Senate, District 14, 1976 general election * denotes incumbent     Source: :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Democratic | Cloyd Robinson * | 14,575 | 65.4 |
| | Republican | Sandra L. Pink | 7,366 | 33.0 |
| | Independent | Gary W. McCune | 350 | 1.6 |
| | Write-in | Write-in | 2 | 0.0 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 22,293 | 100 |