OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Harold S. Ferguson

Harold Stuart Ferguson M.B.E. (10 February 1851 – 5 January 1921) was a Scottish zoologist who worked in the south Indian princely state of Travancore, contributing to the local museum.

## Life and work

Ferguson was born in Park Street, near Grosvenor Square, London, the fourth child of Robert Ferguson (1799–1865) and Mary Mcleod of Skye. His father was born in India, a close friend of Sir John Macpherson, Governor-General of India, and Sir Walter Scott. Robert was an eminent physician who also took an interest in insects, literature and other matters becoming Physician Extraordinary to Queen Victoria. After being educated at Eton and Wimbledon he joined the military academy at Woolwich. He joined the Royal Artillery and then resigned to become a tutor to three princes of Travancore. After the princes grew, he joined as second in command of the Nair Brigade under the Maharaja of Travancore. He retired from the position in 1904 and took charge of establishing the museum in Trivandrum and the public gardens where he helped manage a menagerie. He was elected a fellow of the Linnean Society. Harold spent most of his life in India in Travancore. He retired to London and took a keen interest in the zoological gardens where he became a member of the council while also working at the London Rifle Brigade headquarters.
Ferguson was married to Isabel Julia Maxwell, niece of Field Marshal Lord Roberts and daughter of Colonel Hamilton Maxwell of the Bengal Staff Corps. They had three sons who served in the army.

## Sports

Ferguson played cricket for the MCC prior to leaving for India. He was an athlete and held an amateur record for a long jump of 21 feet 2.5 inches until it was broken by C. B. Fry. He also played soccer and made two appearances for the Scottish XI against England in the football pseudo-internationals in 1871 and 1872.

## Career as zoologist

Ferguson was connected to the State Museum at Trivandrum from 1880 onwards, and from 1894 until his retirement from India in 1904 was director of the museum. Ferguson was interested in all aspects of natural history of the region and he contributed to the herpetology of the state.
He became a member of the British Ornithologists' Union in 1886 and was elected a fellow of the Zoological Society in 1891. He is commemorated in the scientific name of a species of Indian snake, Rhinophis fergusonianus. Ferguson's toad Bufo scaber is named after him. He discovered a species of butterfly endemic to the southern Western Ghats, the Travancore evening brown butterfly (Parantirrhoea marshalli ) as well as Mycalesis oculus.
He contributed numerous specimens to the collections of the British Museum.
# Chříč

Chříč is a municipality and village in Plzeň-North District in the Plzeň Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 200 inhabitants.
Chříč lies approximately 32 kilometres (20 mi) north-east of Plzeň and 57 km (35 mi) west of Prague.

## Administrative division

Chříč consists of two municipal parts (in brackets population according to the 2021 census):
* Chříč (198)
* Lhota (11)

## Notable people

* Milada Šubrtová (1924–2011), operatic singer
# 1998 Fed Cup Asia/Oceania Zone Group I – Placement Pool A

Placement Group A of the 1998 Fed Cup Asia/Oceania Zone Group II was one of six pools in the Americas Zone Group I of the 1998 Fed Cup. The three teams that placed first in the initial pools competed in a round robin competition, with the top team advancing to the World Group II Play-offs.
| | KOR | TPE | NZL | RR W–L | Set W–L | Game W–L | Standings |
| South Korea | | 2–1 | 2–0 | 2–0 | 8–3 | 61–46 | 1 |
| Chinese Taipei | 1–2 | | 2–1 | 1–1 | 7–7 | 68–70 | 2 |
| New Zealand | 0–2 | 1–2 | | 0–2 | 3–8 | 46–59 | 3 |

## South Korea vs. Chinese Taipei

| South Korea 2 | Thana City Golf Club, Samutpakarn, Thailand 19 February 1998 Hard (outdoors) | Thana City Golf Club, Samutpakarn, Thailand 19 February 1998 Hard (outdoors) | Chinese Taipei 1 |
| 1 2 3 1 Choi Young-ja Janet Lee 5 7 3 6     2 Park Sung-hee Wang Shi-ting 6 2 6 4     3 Choi Young-ja / Park Sung-hee Janet Lee / Wang Shi-ting 4 6 7 5 6 3 ||||

## Chinese Taipei vs. New Zealand

| Chinese Taipei 2 | Thana City Golf Club, Samutpakarn, Thailand 20 February 1998 Hard (outdoors) | Thana City Golf Club, Samutpakarn, Thailand 20 February 1998 Hard (outdoors) | New Zealand 1 |
| 1 2 3 1 Janet Lee Leanne Baker 7$^7$ 6$^4$ 2 6 6 4   2 Wang Shi-ting Rewa Hudson 6 1 6 4     3 Janet Lee / Wang Shi-ting Leanne Baker / Rewa Hudson 4 6 4 6 ||||

## South Korea vs. New Zealand

| South Korea 2 | Thana City Golf Club, Samutpakarn, Thailand 21 February 1998 Hard (outdoors) | Thana City Golf Club, Samutpakarn, Thailand 21 February 1998 Hard (outdoors) | New Zealand 0 |
| 1 2 3 1 Choi Young-ja Leanne Baker 6 2 6 4     2 Park Sung-hee Rewa Hudson 6 2 7 5     3          not played ||||
* South Korea placed first in this pool, and thus advanced to World Group II Play-offs, where they were drawn against Japan. They lost 1–4, and were relegated down back to Group I for 1999.
# Jim Rohn

Emanuel James Rohn (September 17, 1930 – December 5, 2009), professionally known as Jim Rohn, was an American entrepreneur, author, and motivational speaker. He wrote numerous books including How to obtain wealth and happiness.

## Early life

Emanuel James Rohn was born at Yakima, Washington, to Emmanuel and Clara Rohn. His parents owned and worked a farm in Caldwell, Idaho, where Rohn grew up as an only child. He was born to a poor family, became a millionaire at age 30, and went broke when he was 33. He later became a millionaire again. Rohn left college after one year.

## Career

He started his professional life as a human resource manager for Sears. Around this time, a friend invited him to a lecture given by entrepreneur John Earl Shoaff. In 1955, Rohn joined Shoaff's direct selling business, AbundaVita, as a distributor.
In 1957, Rohn resigned his distributorship with AbundaVita and joined Nutri-Bio, another direct selling company. The company's founders, including Shoaff, started to mentor him. After this mentorship, Rohn built one of the largest organizations in the company. In 1960, when Nutri-Bio expanded into Canada, Shoaff and the other founders put Rohn in charge of the organization.
After Nutri-Bio went out of business in the early 1960s, Rohn was invited to speak at his Rotary Club. He accepted, and soon, others began asking him to speak at various luncheons and other events. In 1963, at the Beverly Hills Hotel, he gave his first public seminar. He then began presenting seminars across the country, telling his story and teaching his personal development philosophy.
Throughout the 1970s, Rohn conducted seminars for Standard Oil. At the same time, he participated in a personal development business called Adventures in Achievement, which featured live seminars and personal development workshops. He presented seminars worldwide for more than 40 years.
Rohn mentored Mark R. Hughes (the founder of Herbalife International) and life strategist Tony Robbins in the late 1970s. Others who credit Rohn for influencing their careers include authors/lecturers Mark Victor Hansen and Jack Canfield (Chicken Soup book series), Everton Edwards (Hallmark Innovators Conglomerate), Brian Tracy, Darren Hardy, Todd Smith, Kevin Garver, Sir-lim Kush from Nairobi Kenya isamtec solutions, T. Harv Eker. Rohn coauthored the novel Twelve Pillars with Chris Widener.
Rohn was the recipient of the 1985 National Speakers Association CPAE Award for excellence in speaking. He was the author of 17 written, audio, and video media, including The Power of Ambition, Take Charge of Your Life, and The Day That Turns Your Life Around. Many of his speeches are available for free on social media platforms like YouTube, Spotify, and Instagram.

## Death

Rohn died of pulmonary fibrosis on December 5, 2009. He is buried at Forest Lawn Memorial Park in Glendale, California.

## Works

* 7 Strategies for Wealth & Happiness: Power Ideas from America's Foremost Business Philosopher ISBN 0761506160, 9780761506164
* My Philosophy For Successful Livings
* The Power of Ambition
* The Seasons of Life
* 12 Pillars of Success
* How to obtain wealth and happiness
# Mukhtar Magauin

Mukhtar Magauin (2 February 1940 – 9 January 2025) was a Kazakh writer and publicist.

## Life and career

Magauin was born in the district of Chubar-Tau in Semey region (now East Kazakhstan Province) of Kazakhstan on 2 February 1940. He graduated at the Kazakh State University (1962) and became a PhD doctor (1965) there. He was head of the literary criticism department at the "Kazakh literature" newspaper in Almaty. He published several scholarly articles and books and novels.
When he was mentioned by the Soviet study experts in the West in the book edited by Edward Allworth as one of the nationalist Kazakh writers (1973), the local Communist rulers put his name to the "black list". Most of his renowned uncensored novels were published only after the collapse of the Soviet Union.
He published the novels The Yellow Kazakh (1991), ABCs of Kazakh History (1993), Dreams of Kypchaks (2004), The Half (2007), etc.
In 1997, he became the winner of the International Prize for the Turkic speaking writers and culture workers and he received the prize from Suleiman Demirel, the President of Turkey at that time. He was also a holder of the title of the People’s Writer of Kazakhstan.
Magauin translated several short stories and novels of the prominent foreign writers (W. Somerset Maugham, H. Rider Haggard, etc.) into Kazakh. Some translations of his writings, such as the short story 'The Archivist' (1973) and an extract from the novel 'Blue Haze' (1972), have appeared in English
His use of traditional proverbs has been studied by Zhanar Abdigapbarova. Magauin died in Maryland, United States on 9 January 2025, at the age of 84.
# Oscar Schneider

Oscar Schneider (3 June 1927 – 29 December 2024) was a German politician (CSU). From 1982 to 1989 he was Federal Minister for Regional Planning, Building and Urban Development.

## Background

Schneider was born on 3 June 1927 in Altenheideck in Middle Franconia as the son of a farmer in a family of 10 children. In addition to the farm, his father also owned a trucking company and a concrete block factory.
Schneider died on 29 December 2024, at the age of 97.

## World War II

In 1944 he was called up to the Reich Labour Service and the Air Force. The seventeen-year-old was wounded in the Battle of Berlin, but escaped towards Magdeburg on 29 April 1945. After a short American captivity, he was able to return home.

## Politics

Schneider was a member of the CSU from 1953. From 1957 to 1991 he was a member of its state board. He was also chairman of the CSU district association in Nuremberg-Fürth for many years. From 1956 he was a member of the Nuremberg city council and chairman of the CSU parliamentary group from 1960 to 1969. From 1966 to 1970 he was also a member of the Middle Franconian district council. From 1969 to 1994 he was a member of the German Bundestag. Here he was chairman of the committee for regional planning, construction and urban development from 1972 to 1982. From 1991 to 1994 he was cultural policy spokesman for the CDU/CSU parliamentary group. Schneider was most recently elected to the German Bundestag via the Bavarian state list (12th electoral term in 1990).
# Elias Mallet da Rocha Barros

Elias Mallet da Rocha Barros (born 1946) is a Brazilian psychoanalyst. He is influenced by the Kleinian tradition, and has made significant contributions to the post-Bionian tradition of psychoanalysis.

## Biography

Rocha Barros studied psychology at the University of São Paulo, and then went on to receive additional training in Paris and in London. He eventually trained as a psychoanalyst in Great Britain. His training analyst was Herbert Rosenfeld. He also worked with John Steiner at the Tavistock Clinic, before eventually returning to Brazil, where he has since worked as an analyst, and a training analyst. He has also worked for the IPA and the International Journal of Psychoanalysis. In 1999 he received the Sigourney Award.

## Work

Rocha Barros' contributions are two-fold:
* he helped bridge the divide between Latin American psychoanalysis and British psychoanalysis by supporting and overseeing the translations of various works from the British tradition into Brazilian Portuguese;
* a number of clinical papers, which often draw on philosophical or artistic references, such as Kandinsky.

### Clinical

Rocha Barros' work is strongly influenced by the work of W.R. Bion. According to Fred Busch, Barros shares with Antonino Ferro the idea to conceptualize reverie, a central Bionian concept, as a "surprising dream-like image that comes to the analyst’s mind and contains strong emotional elements." Similar to Ferro, the da Rocha Barros use the concept of the affective pictogram, which they take from the work of Piera Aulagnier. In his most widely cited paper, Affect and pictographic image (2000), Elias da Rocha Barros offers the following definition:
   I use the concept of pictogram specifically to refer to a very early form of mental representation of emotional experiences, the fruit of alpha function (Bion, 1963), that creates symbols by means of figurations for dream thought, as the foundation for and the first step towards thought processes.
Rocha Barros distinguishes three type of meaning, which emerge in the analytic context, and which are to be explored by way of reverie: hidden meaning, absent meaning, and potential meaning. Hidden meaning has been the concern of Classical psychoanalysis, it refers to "repressed elements", often relating to twisted sexual connotations that get lost due to internal censoring. Absent meaning results from a "pregnant pressure [...] exerted on psychic life by unconscious internal objects whenever any new situation comes up that confronts the ego." Potential meaning expresses itself in the realisation of an absent meaning.
The clinical encounter is therefore essentially creative: meaning is not merely recovered but created relationally.

## Reception

Rocha Barros received the Sigourney Award in 1999, highlighting his contributions to the Latin American scene of psychoanalysis, in particular in Brazil. Fred Busch has included the work of Elias da Rocha Barros and his wife Elizabeth in a group of significant post-Bionians, the other two being Thomas Ogden and Antonino Ferro.
# Anatoly Zinevich

Anatoly Vladimirovich Zinevich (Russian: Анатолий Владимирович Зиневич; Ukrainian: Анатолій Володимирович Зіневич; Armenian: Անատոլի Վլադիմիրի Զինևիչ; 20 November 1932 – 1 August 2000) was a Soviet, and later Armenian General-Lieutenant of Ukrainian origin, for whom "Armenia became the second homeland." He was one of the commanders of Nagorno-Karabakh Defense Army.

## Life

Zinevich was born on 20 November 1932 in Proskuriv (now Khmelnytskyi), Ukrainian SSR. He entered the Proskurovsky Tank School on 14 August 1950. After he graduated, Zinevich attended and graduated from the Frunze Military Academy and the highest academical courses for the USSR leadership. He was a military advisor in the Ethio-Somali War. Zinevich served eight years as Operations Chief of Staff of the 40th Army in the Soviet–Afghan War, where he was wounded three times.
In 1988, he was appointed Chief of Staff Operations Division of the 7th Army in the Armenian SSR. After a second heart attack and coronary bypass in 1989, he was discharged from the armed forces, but stayed in Armenia. At the request of the first Defence Minister of Armenia Vazgen Sargsyan, Zinevich arrived in the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic in June 1992 and participated in the First Nagorno-Karabakh War.
Zinevich was appointed Chief of Staff of the Nagorno-Karabakh Defense Army in 1994, and from May 1997 to August 2000 he served as Deputy Defense Minister. He was personally involved in combat operations and is the creator of operational systems of protection and management of the NKR Defense Army.
He died on 1 August 2000 in Yerevan. He was buried at the Holy Trinity Church St Nicholas Cemetery in the city Kovrov of the Vladimir region.

## Personal life

He was married and had two children.
In memory of Zinevich, a street is named after him in Stepanakert, the capital of Nagorno-Karabakh.

## Awards

* Order of the Red Banner
* Order for Service to the Homeland in the Armed Forces of the USSR

## Filmography

* "General-Leytenant Anatoli Zinevich", 2000, Yerevan, 30 min., dir. A. Gevorkyan.
# Karl Marx Monument (Rostov-on-Don)

Monument to Karl Marx (Russian: Памятник Карлу Марксу) is a monument situated at Karl Marx Square in the city of Rostov-on-Don, Rostov Oblast, Russia. It was installed in 1959 at the site of the old Karl Marx Monument, which was destroyed during World War II. It is officially declared as an object of Cultural heritage of Russia.

## History

The monument to Karl Marx was opened on June 28, 1925 at the central square of Nakhichevan-on-Don (now part of the Proletarsky district of Rostov-on-Don). The monument was installed on the pedestal of the Monument to Catherine II, which was earlier demolished by the Bolsheviks. The square around the monument later was also named after Karl Marx.
The old sculpture was cast by Dvigatel Technical Association. The author of the monument was sculptor Vladimir Bibaev. The right hand of Marx was laid over the side of his coat, while the left one rested on a pile of books. On the pedestal there was a memorial plaque with the inscription: "The monument was built by the workers of Nakhichevan district according to the resolution of the 2nd broad working conference issued on November 23, 1924".
During the Great Patriotic War, the monument was destroyed by the troops of the Wehrmacht who captured the city: the sculpture was shot from a tank. After the war, a smaller version of the monument was erected on the square. The memorial plaque from the old monument had been preserved and was transferred to a Rostov museum. The surviving part of the pedestal was moved to the square near the Rostov Cinema (it is situated opposite the Rostov State University) and Mikhail Lomonosov sculpture was installed on it.
The existing monument was constructed at Karl Marx Square in 1959. The authors of the monument were sculptor Moisey Altshuler and architect Mikail Minkus. The bronze figure of Marx was mounted on a high granite pedestal and was cast in Leningrad.
The monument to Karl Marx was earlier declared as an object of cultural heritage of Federal significance, but in 1997 its status was reduced to of Local significance.
In the late 1990s, representatives of the local Armenian diaspora wished to restore the Monument to Catherine II at the same place, but this initiative did not gain enough support. The issue of transfer of Karl Marx Monument and the restoration of the Monument to Catherine II again began to be actively discussed in 2005, when a Monument to Sergey Kirov was moved to Rostov-on-Don. According to surveys, against the transfer of the Monument to Marx was the majority of the inhabitants of Proletarsky District. According to preliminary estimates, the work on the transfer of the monument would cost 1 million rubles. According to one of the projects, the monument to Marx can be moved to the corner of Sholokhov Avenue and the 20th Line. In 2014, the communist public movement "The Essence of Time" collected 1500 signatures and presented them to the Governor of the Rostov Oblast and spoke against the transfer of the monument.
# Pedro Martínez Camí

Pedro Martínez Camí García (born 20 December 1999) is an Argentine handball player. He competed in the 2020 Summer Olympics.
# Hayatani Shrine

Hayatani Shrine is a Shinto shrine located in Hatsukaichi, a suburb of Hiroshima. It is a Myojin Taisha and Ninomiya of Aki Province and is currently designated as a Beppyo Shrine.

## Overview

Hayatani Shrine is a sacred place in Aki Province that has been worshipped for over 1,700 years. It was listed as a Myojin Taisha before the Engishiki was written, In 811 it and Itsukushima were both given the rank by the Emperor. It used to have a higher status than Itsukushima Shrine, but due to the support of the Taira clan it was eclipsed. People from all over Japan visit Hayatani Shrine to pray for traffic safety, especially when buying a new car. The shrine is also known for purifying the buses and trains of the Hiroshima Electric Railway.
This shrine is one of the "Three Great Shrines of Aki Province", along with Itsukushima Shrine and Take Shrine. For a long time, travelers on the Sanyo Expressway have prayed for safety on their journeys at this shrine, and it is still considered a protector of traffic safety on the modern day expressway.
It and Itsukushima shrine used to simultaneously provide offerings in a single ceremony.

## Gallery

* Worship hall (from another angle)
* precincts
* ceremonial hall
* shrine gate
* Romon
* torii
# Made to Stick

Made to Stick: Why Some Ideas Survive and Others Die is a book by brothers Chip and Dan Heath published by Random House on January 2, 2007. The book expands upon the idea of "stickiness" popularized by Malcolm Gladwell in The Tipping Point, seeking to explain what makes an idea or concept memorable or interesting. The Heaths employed a style similar to Gladwell's by including a number of stories and case studies followed by general principles.
The stories range from urban legends, such as the "Kidney Heist" in the introduction; to business stories, as with the story of Southwest Airlines, "the low price airline"; to inspirational, personal stories such as that of Floyd Lee, a passionate mess hall manager. Each chapter includes a section entitled "Clinic," in which the principles of the chapter are applied to a specific case study or idea to demonstrate the principle's application.

## Overview

The book's outline follows the acronym "SUCCES" (with the last s omitted). Each letter refers to a characteristic that can help make an idea "sticky":
* Simple – find the core of any idea or thoughts
* Unexpected – grab people's attention by surprising them
* Concrete – make sure an idea can be grasped and remembered later
* Credible – give an idea believability and credibility
* Emotional – help people see the importance of an idea
* Stories – empower people to use an idea through narrative

## Authors

Chip Heath is a professor of organizational behavior at Graduate School of Business at Stanford University. Dan Heath, a former researcher at Harvard, is a consultant and developer of innovative textbooks. They also write a regular feature for Fast Company magazine.

## Reception

The book was commercially successful, appearing on the New York Times and Wall Street Journal bestseller lists, alongside a 24-month listing on BusinessWeek book listings.
Writing in The Guardian, William Leith described it as a "smart, lively book" that is "fun to read" and will give readers "an insight into the power of bad ideas" as well as better ones. In her review in the Stanford Social Innovation Review, Judith Samuelson observed that "The Heath brothers have taught me that if anyone is going to 'get' my idea—need it, buy it, fund it, use it—I need to radically shorten my elevator pitch. Writing in BookPages, Eliza McGraw wrote, "How do we make people care about our ideas?, the Heaths ask. We appeal to their self-interest, but we also appeal to their identities not only to the people they are right now but also to the people they would like to be."