OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Robert M. Widney

Robert Maclay Widney (December 23, 1838 – November 14, 1929) was an American lawyer, judge, and one of the founders of the University of Southern California (USC).

## History

He was born in Piqua, Ohio. He was the older brother of Joseph Widney, second president of USC; and the nephew of Robert Samuel Maclay, a pioneer missionary to China; and Charles Maclay, later a state senator for California.
Widney left Ohio in September 1855 and spent two years hunting and trapping on the Great Plains and in the Rocky Mountains.

### Los Angeles

Widney arrived in California in September 1857. He studied at the University of the Pacific (then located in Santa Clara) from 1858 to 1862. He was admitted to the bar in 1865, and moved to Los Angeles in 1867. In 1871, he was named a judge of the Court of California for Los Angeles and San Bernardino Counties. He was a founder of the Los Angeles Chamber of Commerce (established in 1873). He was a member of the 19th century 'Lincoln' Republican Party.
In 1874 Widney began the first successful public rail transit company in Los Angeles, building a 1.5 miles (2.4 km) horse drawn trolly line between Los Angeles Plaza and 6th Street at Pearl Street (present day Figueroa Street in downtown Los Angeles).

### University of Southern California

Los Angeles was still a growing frontier town in the early 1870s, when a group of public-spirited citizens led by Judge Robert Maclay Widney first saw the need and imagined establishing a university in the city. It took nearly a decade for this vision to become a reality, but in 1879 Widney formed a board of trustees and on July 29, 1879, secured a donation of 308 lots of undeveloped land in South Los Angeles from three prominent members of the community — Ozro W. Childs, a Protestant Los Angeles horticulturist and merchant; former California governor John G. Downey, an Irish-Catholic pharmacist and businessman; and Isaias W. Hellman, a German-Jewish Los Angeles philanthropist and banker/founder of Farmers and Merchants Bank of Los Angeles. The gift provided land for a campus as well as a source of endowment, the seeds of financial support for the nascent institution.
On August 29, 2014, a statue of Judge Robert Maclay Widney was unveiled by USC President C. L. Max Nikias before USC Trustees, senior leadership, and members of the USC community, including descendants of the founder. The bronze monument, sculpted by Christopher Slatoff, stands on campus at the entrance of the Widney Alumni House.

### Death

Robert M. Widney died on November 14, 1929 at the age of 90 in Los Angeles. He was interred at Angelus-Rosedale Cemetery in Central Los Angeles.
# Meriem

Meriem may refer to:
* Meriem (given name), a feminine Turkish given name
* Meriem (Tarzan), a character in Edgar Rice Burroughs's series of Tarzan novels
# Apradhi Kaun? (1982 film)

Apradhi Kaun? (transl. Who is the perpretator?) is a 1982 Indian Hindi-language mystery film directed by Mohan Bhakri and produced by K. M. Bhakri. It marked the debut of Javed Khan.

## Plot

The story revolves around a young boy, Anand, who is wrongfully accused of the murder of a lady, Madhvi, who was bored with her marriage and eyed Anand. Anand is blackmailed with pictures and threats.

## Cast

* Javed Khan as Anand
* Raza Murad
* Iftekhar
* Dara Singh
* Tun Tun
* Om Shivpuri
* Madan Puri
* Ram Mohan
* Rajendra Nath
* Manorama
* Birbal
* Arpana Chaudhry

## Soundtrack

The film's music was composed by Nadeem–Shravan. It has only one song, "Ek Raat Sunsaan Sadak Se", sung by Amit Kumar.
# Early Harvest Scheme

Early harvest scheme is a precursor to a free trade agreement (FTA) between two trading partners. This is to help the two trading countries to identify certain products for tariff liberalisation pending the conclusion of FTA negotiation. It is primarily a confidence building measure.between two trading partners.
An Early Harvest Scheme (EHS) is an agreement between two states (or regional trading blocs) which liberalizes tariffs on certain goods preceding the conclusion of a Free Trade Agreement (FTA).

## Overview

An early harvest scheme is a trade agreement between countries or regions that allows for the immediate liberalization (removal of trade barriers) of certain goods or services, while leaving other items to be liberalized at a later date. This allows for the partial liberalization of trade between the participating countries or regions, and can serve as a stepping stone towards a more comprehensive free trade agreement.
Early harvest schemes may be used as a way to build trust and momentum towards a broader trade agreement, or as a way to address specific issues or sectors that are of particular importance to one or more of the participating countries or regions.
Early harvest schemes can take a variety of forms, and may involve the immediate liberalization of a limited number of goods or services, or the phased liberalization of a larger number of items over a period of time. They may also involve the liberalization of trade in certain sectors, such as agriculture or manufacturing, while leaving other sectors, such as services or intellectual property, for later negotiations.
# Wilhelm Breitenstein

Frederik Wilhelm Breitenstein (17 May 1933 Tampere – 6 June 2005 Helsinki) was a Finnish diplomat and ambassador and Permanent Representative of Finland to the United Nations from 1991 to 1998.
He was Master of Law from the University of Helsinki. From 1968 to 1972 he was Deputy Permanent Representative of Finland to the European Free Trade Association (EFTA) in Geneva and in 1972 he was appointed Minister Counsellor and Deputy Permanent Representative of Finland to the United Nations in New York. In 1978, he was head of the Development Cooperation Department in the Ministry for Foreign Affairs in Helsinki. He was ambassador to OSCE from 1983 to 1991.
After retiring, he served as adviser to the UN's "Food for Oil" program.
# Shah Mansur

Shah Mansur, also named Shah Mansoor or Shahmansoor, is a town and Union Council of Swabi District in Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. It is located at 34°4'0N 72°27'0E with an altitude of 301 metres (990 feet).
According to Elders there was once a large battle fought between the Yousafzais of the region and the Sikhs which eventually ended in the Afghans victory; however, there were many casualties of tribal warriors in the aftermath which had left behind grieving mothers, sisters and daughters over their corpses. As they wailed over their loved ones their white chails got soaked with the blood of the martyrs, this leading to a tradition of wearing a special red patterned chail to symbolise their sacrifices, which is now a part of the womenfolk culture of the region.

## Overview

Shah Mansoor is a central town of Swabi District with a rich history. The district headquarters offices, which include the Judicial Complex, district headquarters Hospital, Police headquarters, EDO, DCO and other main offices, are shifted to Shah Mansur. It has increased the significance of the Shah Mansoor Township project which is expected to revolutionize the area. It holds a central position in the entire Pakhtunkhwa region for being one of the great seat of learning.
Majority of the youth of Shahmansoor work abroad in different countries including the GCC and Central Europe. Although a lot of workforce is still involved with local businesses and occupations including agriculture.

## Notable people

* Nisar Muhammad Khan, Broadcaster who specialised in Pashto language and culture
# Grameen Foundation

Grameen Foundation, founded as Grameen Foundation USA, also known as "GFUSA", is a global 501(c)(3) non-profit organization based in Washington, DC, that uses digital technology and data to understand very poor people, in detail, and offer them—and the entire ecosystem of agencies and actors surrounding them—empowering tools that meet and elevate their everyday realities. Its CEO is Zubaida Bai. Grameen Foundation's mission is, "To enable the poor, especially women, to create a world without poverty and hunger." According to the OECD, Grameen Foundation’s financing for 2019 development increased by 33% to US$45.5 million.
It is separate from organizations called "Grameen Foundation" in different countries, such as Grameen Foundation Australia.

## History

The Grameen Foundation was founded by author and independent consultant to nonprofit organizations Alex Counts in 1997. He established the foundation with $6,000 in seed funding from Muhammad Yunus. The mission was to facilitate the expansion of banks modeled after the Grameen Bank beyond the borders of Bangladesh and increase the access of poor people to microfinance by millions worldwide. After 18 years, he resigned from his position as president and CEO in 2015. He was replaced by former executive vice president for global programs David Edelstein. Grameen (গ্রামীণ) is a Bengali word meaning "rural" or "village."
Nobel-prize winner Professor Muhammad Yunus is founder and managing director of Grameen Bank, sat on the Board of Directors for 12 years and is now a director emeritus. Immediate past chairs of the board are Paul Maritz, formerly CEO of VMWare and formerly a senior executive at Microsoft, and Robert Eichfeld, a retired executive at Citibank. The current chair of the board is Peter Cowhey, the UC San Diego Interim Executive Vice Chancellor for Academic Affairs, Qualcomm Endowed Chair in Communications and Technology Policy, and the dean of the School of Global Policy and Strategy.

## Programs

Grameen Foundation leverages their expertise in digital technology and data to understand very poor people, especially women and girls, and offer them—and the entire ecosystem of agencies and actors surrounding them—tools that allow them to show up with their full power to end poverty and hunger.
Working with local and global allies, Grameen Foundation also develops and distributes mobile phone-based applications to help the poor to better manage:
* Their health, through such programs as the Mobile Technology for Community Health (MOTECH) initiative in Ghana
* Their crops, through such programs as the Community Knowledge Worker initiative in Uganda
* Their finances, though such programs as the Mobile Money initiative in Uganda
Grameen Foundation forayed into open source core banking systems by launching the website mifosx. The Mifos project was formally launched by Grameen Foundation in 2006.
# Álvaro Djaló

Álvaro Djaló Dias-Fernandes (born 16 August 1999) is a Spanish professional footballer who plays as a left winger or forward for La Liga club Athletic Bilbao.

## Career

Born in Madrid, Djaló spent part of his upbringing in the Bilbao area and played for local clubs including SD Begoña [es] before moving to Portugal with Braga in 2017. He began his senior career with Braga's reserves in 2020, and signed his first professional contract with the club on 22 April 2022, to run until 2025. In July 2022, he started training with the senior team in preparation for the 2022–23 season.
Djaló made his professional and Primeira Liga debut as a late substitute against Sporting CP on 7 August 2022, and assisted his side's final goal to tie the game at 3–3.
In March 2024, Braga and Athletic Bilbao agreed an initial €15 million fee with potential add-ons (one of the Basque club's biggest transfer outlays) for the transfer of 24-year-old Djaló at the end of the 2023–24 season, with the player meeting the requirements of the Athletic Bilbao signing policy due to his years spent in the region as a juvenile.

## Personal life

Born in Spain, Djaló is of Bissau-Guinean descent. His cousin Adu Ares is also a footballer.

## Career statistics
### Club

    As of match played 2 February 2025
Appearances and goals by club, season and competition :
| Club | Season | League | League | League | Nation cup | Nation cup | League cup | League cup | Europe | Europe | Other | Other | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Braga B | 2020–21 | Campeonato de Portugal | 28 | 8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 28 | 8 |
| Braga B | 2021–22 | Liga 3 | 19 | 9 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 19 | 9 |
| Braga B | Total | Total | 47 | 17 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 47 | 17 |
| Braga | 2022–23 | Primeira Liga | 24 | 2 | 7 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 7 | 2 | — | — | 41 | 5 |
| Braga | 2023–24 | Primeira Liga | 30 | 8 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 0 | 11 | 6 | — | — | 47 | 16 |
| Braga | Total | Total | 54 | 10 | 10 | 2 | 6 | 1 | 18 | 8 | — | — | 88 | 22 |
| Athletic Bilbao | 2024–25 | La Liga | 13 | 1 | 2 | 0 | — | — | 5 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 21 | 1 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 114 | 28 | 12 | 2 | 6 | 1 | 23 | 8 | 1 | 0 | 155 | 39 |
* ↑ Includes Taça de Portugal
* ↑ Includes Taça da Liga
* ↑ Five appearances and one goal in UEFA Europa League, two appearances and one goal in UEFA Europa Conference League
* ↑ Nine appearances and five goals in UEFA Champions League, two appearances and one goal in UEFA Europa League
* ↑ Appearances in UEFA Europa League
* ↑ Appearance in Supercopa de España

### International

    As of match played 23 March 2024
Appearances and goals by national team and year :
| National team | Year | Apps | Goals |
| Basque | 2024 | 1 | 1 |
| Total | Total | 1 | 1 |

## Honours

Braga
* Taça da Liga: 2023–24
* Taça de Portugal: runner-up 2022–23
# Abbekås

Abbekås (Swedish pronunciation:) is a locality situated in Skurup Municipality, Skåne County, Sweden with 729 inhabitants in 2010.
# James B. Smith

James B. Smith (born 1952) is the former United States Ambassador to Saudi Arabia. Selected by President Barack Obama, he was sworn in on September 16, 2009. He left his post on September 27, 2013.
Prior to his appointment, Ambassador Smith had served in a variety of executive positions with Raytheon Company involving corporate strategic planning, aircraft manufacturing, and international business development.

## Early life and education

Smith was a distinguished graduate of the United States Air Force Academy’s Class of 1974 and received the Richard I. Bong award as the Outstanding Cadet in Military History. He received his master's degree in history from Indiana University Bloomington in 1975. He is a distinguished graduate from the Naval War College, the Air Command and Staff College and the National War College.

## Military career

Smith spent a 28-year career in the United States Air Force. Trained as a fighter pilot, he logged over 4,000 hours of flight time in F-15s and T-38s. He served around the world in a variety of operational assignments and flew combat missions from Dhahran AB during Operation Desert Storm. He commanded the 94th Fighter Squadron, the 325th Operations Group and the 18th Fighter Wing (Kadena Air Base, Okinawa). In addition, he served in a variety of staff assignments involving coalition partners, and served as Air Force Chair and Professor of Military Strategy at the National War College. During his final assignment at U.S. Joint Forces Command, he led Millennium Challenge, the largest transformation experiment in history. He was promoted to brigadier general in October, 1998, and retired from the Air Force on October 1, 2002.

## Civilian career

In April 2017, Smith was appointed to be the dean of the newly formed College of Engineering, Technology, and Aeronautics at Southern New Hampshire University (SNHU).

## Honors

Smith has received honorary degrees from SNHU and the University of Maryland University College.
# Victor Insulator Company

Victor Insulators, Inc. based in Victor, New York was founded in 1893 by Fred M. Locke, and is the oldest electrical insulator company in North America. They originally made glass insulators for electrical lines. They suspended operations during the Great Depression but resumed operations in 1935 as Victor Insulators. Among their product mix, they manufactured coffee mugs and other serving wear from the 1940s through the 1960s.
In 1984, the managers purchased the company from Brown Boveri and resumed operating under their former name. They are still manufacturing insulators at the same location as their 1935 production to this day.

## Coffee mugs

During World War II, the Victor Insulator Company responded to a request from the military to develop dining ware that was sturdy and wouldn't slide easily on tables. The company developed a bowl and a dual-wall coffee mug using the same materials they use to make insulators. They won the government contract but discovered an even larger and longer-lived secondary market when their coffee mug design quickly caught on in restaurants and diners. The classic thick-walled, heavy duty "diner service ware", now considered an iconic design, is the result of that original Victor service ware. That popular, American, off-white colored diner-style coffee mug ended-up being copied by companies as far away as China. When Victor Insulator Company couldn't compete with the counterfeits on the market, they decided to close their coffee mug and service ware manufacturing in the late 1980s.
# Matra BAe Dynamics

Matra BAe Dynamics was an Anglo-French 50/50 joint venture formed in August 1996 through a merger between half the missile business of France's Matra Hautes Technologies (the aerospace, defence and telecommunications division of the Matra conglomerate) and the missile activities of the UK's BAe Dynamics (a division of British Aerospace). During its 5 years of existence, it was Europe`s largest guided weapons company and the third largest in the world.
British Aerospace had previously sought to merge its missile business with that of France's Thomson-CSF (now Thales Group). The companies announced their plan to create a new combined company called Eurodynamics in 1989. However, after more than a year of monopoly investigations, the deal collapsed. The formation of Matra BAe Dynamics was followed in 1997 by the acquisition of a 30% share in LFK.
In 1999, the other half of Matra Hautes Technologies' missile business (Matra Missiles) combined with the missile systems division of the French corporation Aérospatiale to form Aérospatiale Matra Missiles following the merger between Aérospatiale and Matra Hautes Technologies. This new giant, Aérospatiale-Matra, also gained ownership of Matra's 50% share in Matra BAe Dynamics as a result of the merger.
Matra BAe Dynamics ultimately merged with Aérospatiale Matra Missiles and the missile activities of Alenia Marconi Systems to form MBDA in December 2001.
# Loudon Wainwright III (album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| Christgau's Record Guide | B− |
| Rolling Stone | (favorable) |
Loudon Wainwright III (also known as Album I) is the debut album of Loudon Wainwright III. It was released on vinyl in 1970 on Atlantic Records. Like his second effort Album II, the album is a solo acoustic effort. Though his ironic sense of humour is evident, this is an altogether bleaker and more acerbic album ("Black Uncle Remus", "Four Is a Magic Number" and "Glad to See You've Got Religion") than most of his 1970s work.
Reflecting another career-long obsession, the first line of the first song on his debut album concerns growing older, a theme which persists to his newest recordings.

## Track listing

All tracks composed by Loudon Wainwright III
* "School Days" – 3:06
* "Hospital Lady" – 4:05
* "Ode to a Pittsburgh" – 3:15
* "Glad to See You’ve Got Religion" – 3:56
* "Uptown" – 2:45
* "Black Uncle Remus" – 2:39
* "Four Is a Magic Number" – 3:28
* "I Don’t Care" – 4:09
* "Central Square Song" – 5:28
* "Movies Are a Mother to Me" – 2:39
* "Bruno’s Place" – 3:31

## Personnel
### Technical

* Elliot Scheiner (tracks 1, 2, 7, 8), Jimmy Douglass (tracks 3–5, 9–11), Tony Bongiovi (track 6) - engineer
* Lee Friedlander - cover photography
"Black Uncle Remus" recorded at Media Sound, NYC; "School Days", "Hospital Lady", "Four Is a Magic Number" and "I Don't Care" recorded at A&R Studios, NYC; all other tracks recorded at Atlantic Recording Studios, NYC.

## Release history

* LP: Atlantic SD 8260 (U.S.)
* LP: Atlantic 2400103 (UK)
* LP: Atlantic K40101 (2nd press)
* LP: Edsel ED308 (1989 re-release)
* CD: Collector's Choice 632 (April 4, 2006 re-release)

## Miscellanea

* The song "Black Uncle Remus" is a reference to the fictional character Uncle Remus featured in several stories by Joel Chandler Harris.
# Kalabhavan

Kalabhavan (lit. "The House of Arts"), also known as Cochin Kalabhavan, is a centre for learning performing arts in Kochi, India. Kalabhavan is notable and known for being the first organised performing mimicry group in Kerala and which popularised the art of mimicry in the state of Kerala. Ever since its founding, Kalabhavan has served as a grooming centre for acting aspirants. Hence, Kalabhavan has contributed numerous actors as well as film directors to Malayalam cinema.

## History

Founded on 3 September 1969, by C.M.I. priest Fr. Abel, with the help of K. K. Antony, a music teacher, and K. J. Yesudas, then a budding playback singer, started Kalabhavan as the Christian Arts Club to promote Christian music. Kalabhavan received the patronage of Cardinal Joseph Parecattil, the Archbishop of Ernakulam. It was K. J. Yesudas, who suggested to rename the institution as 'Kalabhavan'. Kalabhavan initially took up was producing Christian religious songs. Later they moved on to Ganamela (Concerts for film songs). Mimicry performances of individual artists were used as 'fillers' in between stage programs. Later, mimicry was organised as a team event to form the now popular Mimics Parade.
The professional mimicry troupe of Kalabhavan began with a team of 6 consisting of Siddique, Lal, Anzar, K. S. Prasad, Varkkichan and Rahman. It was this team that invented Mimics Parade in the present form. Harisree is the other notable mimics troupe in Kerala.
In 2015, Kalabhavan opened its UAE centre at Sharjah.

## Notable alumni

(In chronological order)
* Siddique, director
* Lal, actor and director
* Zainuddin
* Jayaram, actor
* Kalabhavan Rahman
* Harisree Ashokan, actor
* Dileep, actor
* Nadirshah
* Kalabhavan Abi
* N. F. Varghese
* Kalabhavan Mani, actor
* Salim Kumar
* Kalabhavan Shajohn
* Narayanankutty
* Fayiz Muhammed, violinist and composer
* Thesni Khan
* Hakim Rawther
* Bindu Panicker, actress
* Machan Varghese
* Sujatha Mohan, playback singer
* Kalabhavan Navas
* Rafi of Rafi Mecartin duo
* Mecartin of Rafi Mecartin duo
* Berny of Berny-Ignatius duo
* Kalabhavan Haneef
# Bark mantis

Bark mantis is a common name given to various species of praying mantis, especially those with cryptic camouflage resembling tree bark. Examples include:
* Gyromantis kraussii (spiny bark mantis)
* Gyromantis occidentalis (eastern bark mantis)
* Paraoxypilus sp. (boxer bark mantises)
* Tarachodes sp. (Afrotropical bark mantises)
* Theopompa sp. (Asian bark mantises)
# 2000 Libyan Super Cup

The 2000 Libyan Super Cup was the fourth edition of the Super Cup, and was meant to be played on December 31, 2000, between LPL winners Al Ahly Tripoli and Libyan Cup runners-up Al Swihli at the Rajab Omar Stadium in Tripoli. This was a repeat of the Libyan Cup final that was played in the same year. Al Swihli did not show for the cup final and once again, the match was not played as Al Swihli did not show, and Al Ahly Tripoli were therefore awarded a 2–0 victory. Al Swihli later apologised for not showing.
* This article about sports in Libya is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
* This article about a Confederation of African Football association football competition is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e