OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Torte

A torte (/ˈtɔːrt/; from German: Torte (German pronunciation:), in turn from Latin via Italian: torta) is a rich, usually multilayered, cake that is filled with whipped cream, buttercreams, mousses, jams, or fruit.
Ordinarily, the cooled torte is glazed and garnished.
Tortes are commonly baked in a springform pan. Sponge cake is a common base, but a torte's cake layers may instead be made with little to no flour, using ingredients such as ground nuts or breadcrumbs.

## Origin

The best-known of the typical tortes include the Austrian Sachertorte and Linzertorte, the German Schwarzwälder Kirschtorte, and the many-layered Hungarian Dobos torte. But other well-known European confections are also tortes, such as the French Gâteau St. Honoré.
In Hungary, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Ukraine, and Russia cakes are usually called tortes without differentiating between cake and torte. In Polish, as an example, the word torte is translated into Polish as tort, but tort can be also translated as layer cake or cream cake.

## Icing

An element common to some tortes is sweet icing (exceptions are several French tortes, such as Gâteau Mercédès and Gâteau Alcazar). When the cake is layered, a thick covering of icing is placed between the layers, and there is almost always icing on the tops and sides of the torte. An example is the whiskey cake. A number of European tortes do not have layers. Some, for instance German-style "Käsesahnetorte", are unbaked.

## Well-known European tortes

* Dobos torte
* Sachertorte
* Esterházy torte
* Kyiv torte
* Linzer torte
* Swiss roll
* Napoleon torte
* Gâteau Pithiviers
* Princess cake
* Prinzregententorte
* Runeberg torte
* Tarta de Santiago
* Black Forest gateau
* Smörgåstårta
* St. Honoré cake
# Mysore University Library

The Mysore University Library serves the academic community of the University of Mysore at the located in Mysore, Hassan and Mandya. The Library is the largest and also oldest among the University Libraries in the southern Indian State of Karnataka.

## Collection

The library was started with 2,311 volumes. It has today a resource collection of nearly 7.5 lakh documents in its system and a membership of 5600 users, including 600 Faculty members, 600 Researchers, 3,500 PG Students, 500 Office Staff, and 400 Graduates of Mysore City. The Mysore University Library offers a collection of over 2,400 journal titles and 1 lakh volumes of journals.

### Special collections

The library has a rich collection of books relating to "History of Mysore" and administrative reports on the princely State of Mysore, including works on Indian Painting, art and architecture. The library supports the Oriental Research Institute, including manuscripts in Sanskrit, Kannada and Telugu manuscripts. The entire special collection constitutes 84,000 works in 29,000 volumes. The annual publication of Mysore Orientalist provides information about the continuing growth of the collection and about research activities involving this source material.
The digitization of the rare books in the Mysore library is to be accomplished in partnership with Google. There are around 100,000 manuscripts in the Mysore University Library. These manuscripts are written on relatively fragile paper and palm leaves, some dating back to the eighth century. The library has identified the manuscripts which are to be digitized first. These include subjects as diverse as ayurveda, mathematics, medicine, science, astrology and economy.
# Rafael Akhmetov

Rafael Midkhatovich Akhmetov (Russian: Рафаэль Мидхатович Ахметов; born January 31, 1989) is a Russian professional ice hockey player who is currently an unrestricted free agent. He most recently played with Lada Togliatti of the then Kontinental Hockey League (KHL).
Akhmetov made his KHL debut playing with HC Neftekhimik Nizhnekamsk during the 2008–09 season.
# Democratic Progress Party (New Zealand)

The Democratic Progress Party was a centrist political party that was formed to stand electoral candidates in the mid-1960s.

## History

The Democratic Party was founded in mid-1966 in Wellington, promoted by Harry Hughes, a baker from Tawa. According to Hughes, most of the people who became involved had previously been involved with the National or Labour parties but became dissatisfied with how they carried out their policies. The party was guided in its policy by the United Nations Charter in which the role of government was protecting and maintaining the natural democratic way of life of the individual. More specific policies were:
* Encouraging overseas borrowing, while controlling overseas investment
* Supporting military involvement in the Vietnam War
* Holding a referendum on drinking hours
* Increasing pensions and social security benefits to match the cost of living
* Opposing state aid to private schools
* Decreasing immigration for labour
Formed only months before the 1966 general election the party struggled to attract candidates and only contested four seats; Franklin, Heretaunga, Island Bay and Wellington Central. Hughes stood in the Wellington Central electorate, polling last of four candidates with only 1.2% of the votes.
In May 1967, the Progress Party was formed in Napier and merged with the Democratic Party a week later. The new combined party became known as the Democratic Progress Party, self-describing as a "middle of the road" group hoping to contest at least 20 seats at the 1969 general election.
The combined party contested the 1967 Palmerston North by-election, but its candidate came last and won only 0.2% of the votes.
# Ćmachowo

Ćmachowo is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Wronki, within Szamotuły County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. It lies approximately 5 kilometres (3 mi) south-west of Wronki, 21 km (13 mi) north-west of Szamotuły, and 52 km (32 mi) north-west of the regional capital Poznań.
# William Balcombe

William Balcombe (28 December 1777 – 19 March 1829) was an East India Company and colonial administrator. He came to fame as the father of a daughter (Betsy Balcombe) who befriended Napoleon Bonaparte whilst the Balcombe family were living on Saint Helena. The exiled Bonaparte had lodged with the Balcombes (at the Briars) whilst his permanent quarters at Longwood were being prepared.
William Balcombe spent some time in the Colony of New South Wales appointed as the first treasurer, arriving on 5 April 1824 with his family and servants aboard the Hibernia. He died there in 1829 (aged 51) and was buried in Sydney.

## Gallery

* Napoleon Bonaparte spent his first two months of exile living in the Pavilion, on the Balcombe Briars Estate on St Helena.
* The painted silk flag with the 1806 emblem of the New South Wales colony
* A modern rendition of the flag
# Mangifera andamanica

Mangifera andamanica is a species of flowering plant in the family Anacardiaceae. It is endemic to the Andaman Islands in the Bay of Bengal. The fruits are edible and smaller than the Common Mango. This species is conserved at the Field Gene bank of Jawaharlal Neheru Tropical Botanic Garden and research Institute, Thiruvananthapuram, India.
# Big Creek (Lane County, Oregon)

Big Creek is a stream that enters the Pacific Ocean along the coast of Lane County in the U.S. state of Oregon. Beginning at Saddle Mountain Spring in the Central Oregon Coast Range, it flows generally west through the Siuslaw National Forest to the ocean north of Heceta Head. Near its mouth, it passes under Big Creek Bridge, which carries U.S. Route 101.
The creek's two named tributaries are Panther Creek and, further downstream, Fryingpan Creek. Upstream of Panther Creek is the Big Creek Campground, a Lane County park with four sites for tents. Amenities include toilets but no drinking water, and the campground provides access to fishing, hiking, and hunting.
# Samuel Hunt House

The Samuel Hunt House is located in Rutland, Wisconsin.

## History

The house was designed by Sereno W. Graves, later a member of the Wisconsin State Assembly. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982 and on the State Register of Historic Places in 1989.
Other designs by Graves in Rutland, the Sereno W. Graves House, the Daniel Pond Farmhouse and the Lockwood Barn, are also listed on both registers.
# French–Tripolitania War

The French–Tripolitania War (1681-1685) was part of a wider campaign by France against the Barbary Pirates in the 1680s.

## Background

In June 1681, corsairs from the Regency of Tripolitania captured French merchant ships off the coast of Provence. Louis XIV sent Admiral Abraham Duquesne, with nine ships under his command, to hunt down the pirates. He tracked them to Chios, which had recently been captured by the Ottoman Empire where they were taking refuge.

## Bombardment of Chios (1681)

Duquesne sends an emissary, M. de Saint-Amand, to summon the pacha commanding in Chios to send out the corsairs, under penalty of destruction of the port and the fortresses, which he refuses. On July 23, 1681, Duquesne ordered the ships of his squadron to bombard the city and the port. The French fire was so vigorous that in less than four hours the Barbary fleet, the fortresses and the port were badly damaged. A Turkish account of the time recounts this attack: "The French infidels came to Scio, they fired for four hours on the vessels of Tripoli Barbary, they also damaged the fortresses and the mosques. "Many Greeks are among the victims because they are the majority on the island. Several Orthodox churches are affected."
Despite the relentless bombardment, the Pirates refused to surrender to the French. The French in turn then establish a blockade of the Port. This created diplomatic issues between France and the Ottoman Empire as France is infringing on their Sovereignty. Louis did not want war with the Ottomans due to French economic interests in maintaining good relations with the Ottomans and therefore makes the French merchants in Constantinople pay 80,000 Crowns compensation to the Turkish Authorities to appease them.
After several weeks of blockade, the pirates finally capitulate and come to terms for peace, which is signed at the end of December 1681. The Treaty brings allededly brings end to the war and all captured slaves are freed. On the Pirates return to Tripoli this peace is rejected by the Dey and the Captains are beheaded. Further French action would be required in 1685.

## Bombardment of Tripoli (1685)

This action carried out by Jean II d'Estrées would destroy large parts of Tripoli and bring the Dey of Tripoli to terms with France. The Devastation of the city would cause panic in the neighbouring Recency of Tunis leading to their capitulation without a fight.
# Ćwierdzin

Ćwierdzin is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Witkowo, within Gniezno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. It lies approximately 6 kilometres (4 mi) north-east of Witkowo, 16 km (10 mi) east of Gniezno, and 62 km (39 mi) east of the regional capital Poznań.
# Shalstone

Shalstone is a village and civil parish in Buckinghamshire, England. It is located in the north of the county, about four miles north west of Buckingham. The village name is Anglo-Saxon in origin, and means 'farm by a shallow stream'. In the Domesday Book of 1086 the village was recorded as Celdestone.
Shalstone Church, dedicated to St Edward the Confessor, was almost entirely reconstructed in 1862 by the architect Sir George Gilbert Scott. Some memorial tablets in the church survived the rebuilding; these are dedicated to members of the Purefoy family and their relatives the Jervoise family. Some of the memorial statuary is by Sir Richard Westmacott (remembered chiefly for his work on the new Houses of Parliament in London).
One memorial tablet commemorates the life of Elizabeth Purefoy. She was widowed in 1704 aged 32, and survived her husband by a further 61 years, as well as her unmarried son, Henry. The memorial, which she wrote herself and had installed in the church when she was still alive, reads:
    She was a Woman of Excellent Sense and Spiritt
    Prudent and Frugal
    As well as a true friend To the family She married into
    And was moreover endued
    With all Those Graces and Virtues
    Which distinguish and Adorn
    The good Wife The good Mother and good Christian (sic)
She died in 1765.
The 'Purefoy Letters', a detailed catalogue of the everyday lives of the inhabitants of the village and surrounding area as seen through the eyes of the 90-year-old Elizabeth Purefoy to her son Henry during the period 1735-1753, were published in 1973. Henry- the squire- and his mother both lived at Shalstone House. The book records Shalstone at this period in minute detail.
Shalstone House is built in the Georgian style, of stone. The rectangular house is of a plain design five bays by six bays, on two floors. The hipped roof is hidden by a solid parapet. The house contains a notable chimneypiece by William Palmer installed in 1739. Shalstone House is still the home of the Purefoy family today.
# Paul Dittel

Paul Dittel (14 January 1907 in Mittweida, Saxony – 8 May 1982 in Mönchengladbach) was a German historian and Anglicist who was also an Obersturmbannführer in the Schutzstaffel (SS). He played a central role in the Nazi German policy of confiscating libraries and literary collections from occupied countries.

## Biography

Within the SS, Dittel was affiliated with the Sicherheitsdienst (SD) intelligence service and he was chief of that body's museum, library and research department. In late 1939 he was one of a number of Ahnenerbe members selected by Wolfram Sievers to travel to Poland in order to raid its museums and collections.
In 1943, Dittel succeeded Franz Six as chief of the Reich Security Main Office (SS-Reichssicherheitshauptamt; RSHA) department, Amt VII, the "written records" section which had responsibility for ideological research. In this role his activities soon came to focus on the topic of Freemasonry and he was involved in the looting of collections, devoted to this topic. Dittel oversaw the publication of a number of anti-Masonic books from the collection of material that he had gathered as well as the establishment of a Masonic Library. He was also responsible for the development of a special collection of books on occult topics such as theosophy and astrology, a project that had been devised by Ernst Kaltenbrunner and in which SS chief Heinrich Himmler took a keen interest.
Dittel was imprisoned after World War II. Following his release in 1948, he moved to Mönchengladbach where he was employed as a clerk until at least 1973.

## Legacy

Dittel was one of a number of residents of 72, Pfalzburger Strasse in Wilmersdorf, Berlin—where his neighbours included a Jewish family and a man from Togo— featured in the fifth series of the BBC Television history series, A House Through Time.
# Siege of Kōzuki Castle

The Siege of Kōzuki Castle (上月城の戦い, Kōzuki-jō no Tatakai) occurred in 1578, when the army of Mōri Terumoto attacked and captured the castle of Kōzuki in Harima Province. Kōzuki had been taken by Toyotomi Hideyoshi the previous year and entrusted to Amago Katsuhisa. When it fell to the Mōri, Amago committed hara-kiri. Amago's loyal and heroic general Yamanaka Yukimori was captured and executed.

## Background

Oda Nobunaga was running out of qualified battle-hardened lords to hold his territories, so Amago Katsuhisa though a member of the Amago clan samurai class, who was not especially experienced or trained as a warrior, he was called to become lord of Kōzuki castle from Kyoto, where he was studying to be a Buddhist monk.

## Siege

Mōri Terumoto sent the Mōri's "Two Rivers", Kobayakawa Takakage and Kikkawa Motoharu to attack Kōzuki castle. The Amago forces under Yamanaka Yukimori were so vastly outnumbered and surrounded in the castle that victory was impossible. Yukimori sent a message to the Mōri general offering to surrender, and offering the ritual suicide of his master (Amago Katsuhisa). The offer was accepted, Amago forces surrendered, and Katsuhisa committed suicide.

## Aftermath

Katsuhisa was very young, in his early twenties, when he died. A memorial stone stands with his name engraved, along with Buddhist inscriptions, where he killed himself.
It is popularly believed in Japan that Yamanaka Yukimori, Amago's general, "sold" Amago's life, for the safety of his own.
What precisely happened to Yamanaka Yukimori after the battle is unclear. Though some sources say he died in the battle, others state that he became a vassal of the enemy lord, Mōri Terumoto, but was assassinated on Mōri's order (along with his new wife).
# Jeeva (2009 film)

Jeeva is a 2009 Kannada language film produced by Prabhu Srinivas, who also produces the film along with cinematographer Premkumar and art director Mohan B. Kere under the banner of P2 Productions. The film was released on 27 November 2009. The film stars Prajwal Devaraj and Ruthuva in the lead roles.

## Cast

* Prajwal Devaraj as Jeeva
* Ruthuva as Jayanthi
* Chandrashekar
* Rangayana Raghu
* Chi. Guru Dutt
* Ganesh Rao Kesarkar
* Kishore
* Yashavanth
* Vardhan
* Yuvaraj
* Chandru,
* Rangaswamy K R
* Dr Uday
* Malathi Shivanag
* Shraddha Sharma as an item number "Barakku Obama Kiruku Osama"

## Soundtrack

The music to this movie is played by Gurukiran and songs have been recorded by Pallavi Digital Studio, Audio rights was bought by Manoranjan Audio

## Reception

R G Vijayasarathy of Rediff.com scored the film at 2.5 out of 5 stars and wrote "Prajwal Devaraj makes a serious effort to portray his character well. Certainly this film is the best in his career so far. Newbie actress Ruthwa looks good on screen and has potential. Veteran artists Chandrashekhar and Gurudatt have acted well. Watch Jeeva for Prajwal's neat performance and Guru Kiran's music". A critic from The New Indian Express wrote "Guru Kiran has provided good music. Rangayana Raghu has provided good support but Chandrasekhar fails to impress. It is a worthy watch for those who love action-oriented films". BSS from Deccan Herald wrote "But several stupid mistakes show that the director has tried to play safe and appease one and all. Saisuresh’s scissors must be credited for saving the film from turning into another insipid and mediocre fare. ‘Jeeva’ lacks life, but Ruthwa and Prajwal are not bad at all". A critic from Bangalore Mirror wrote "Rutva lacks the charm of a leading lady and Chandrashekar exaggerates. Gurukiran brings melody to some songs but is not above the ordinary, just like the film. Jeeva lacks the magic of cinema and is just another piece of exposed film".
# Don Crabb

Donald Angus Crabb (25 September 1910 – 27 August 1999) was a association football player who represented New Zealand at international level.
Crabb played two official A-international matches for the All Whites in 1933 against trans-Tasman neighbours Australia as part of a 13-match tour, the first a 2–4 loss on 5 June 1933, his second a 4–6 loss on 17 June.
# Samuel Hyde House

Samuel Hyde House is a building at 3726 East Madison Street in Seattle, United States listed in the National Register of Historic Places. The building, built in 1909–1910 for liquor magnate Samuel Hyde, housed the residence of the Russian consul-general from 1994–April 2018 when the US State Department evicted the consul-general following the White House ordered closure of Russia's Seattle consulate office.
The two-story brick house is fronted by a portico with Corinthian columns; there is a brick carriage house in back. It is believed that the grounds were laid out by the Olmsted Brothers. The Olmsteds played a prominent role in designing Seattle's system of parks and boulevards, and were responsible for landscaping the grounds of the 1909 Alaska–Yukon–Pacific Exposition on the campus of the University of Washington.
# Ryongnamsan Television

Ryongnamsan Television (Korean: 룡남산텔레비죤) is a North Korean educational television channel operated by the University Student TV Department of the Korean Central Broadcasting Committee. The channel schedule includes science documentaries in English, television lectures and educational programs for learning foreign languages including in English, Russian and Chinese.

## Operations

Ryongnamsan Television received its current name on September 5, 2012, with a logo reminiscent of the Kim Il Sung University logo and previously broadcast on Channel 9 from the Pyongyang TV Tower on a schedule operating from 19:00 to 22:00 on Monday, Wednesday and Friday, and since 2019 has been broadcasting from 18:00 to 22:00 on every weekday. The channel is additionally available on the Manbang on-demand service. The director is assumed to be the Head of Editorial Desk Yang Chun Won who has been in the position since 2012.

## History

The channel started off on April 1, 1971, initially known as "Kaesong Television". On October 10, 1991, the channel switched to color, becoming the last TV channel in the entire world to switch to color TV. In February 1997, the channel was rebranded as "Korean Educational and Cultural Network". During this period, authorities conducted experimental broadcasting and started broadcasting the channel from the television tower in Kaesong on Channel 8 in the NTSC-M format, as a way to promote North Korean culture among South Korean viewers, authorities chose this channel because South Korea's KBS1 and KBS2 were using Channel 7 and 9 but their channels were jammed by North Korean authorities, the broadcasts continued until December 31, 2012, when the analogue shutdown happened in South Korea.

## Test Cards

As Kaesong Television, it used a modified version of the one used by Korean Central Television, with the syllables 개성 instead of 평양.
Ryongnamsan Television has used 2 different types of test cards since its current inception in 2012. One being the 4:3 test card while the 16:9 HD test cards came into use around 2016 time.
* The 4:3 test card in use before the 16:9 test card came in to place. Unknown date.
* The Ryongnamsan Television 16:9 HD test card in use at some point during 2016.
# Łagiewniki, Kościan County

Łagiewniki is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Kościan, within Kościan County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. It lies approximately 9 kilometres (6 mi) north of Kościan and 35 km (22 mi) south-west of the regional capital Poznań.
# Neal Rijkenberg

Neal Rijkenberg is the minister of finance of Eswatini since November 2018.
His family moved from South Africa to Swaziland in 1970. Rijkenberg previously was CEO of timber producer Montigny Group from 1997. He co-founded Bulembu Ministries Eswatini. He was also a director in Bulembu Ministries from 2005 to 2018. A self-described proponent of a free-market economy, he supports slashing labour and competition regulations. In February 2020, he cut the country's corporate tax rate from 27.5% to 12.5%.