OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Duncan Davidson (Cromartyshire MP, born 1733)

Duncan Davidson (1733 – 15 August 1799) was a Scottish merchant and Member of Parliament.
He was the second son of William Davidson, of Davidson in the Black Isle, and his wife Jean. His elder brother Henry purchased Tulloch Castle from their maternal grandfather, Kenneth Bayne of Knockbain, in 1762; Duncan succeeded to the estate on his brother's death in 1781.
Duncan Davidson became a junior partner in the London merchant house of George Chandler (1721–79), which traded in sugar from the Caribbean. After Chandler's death, he formed a partnership with Charles Graham (before 1757 – 1806). The partnership of Davidson & Graham, operating from Fenchurch Buildings in the City of London, prospered in the sugar trade for over a quarter of a century.
At the general election of 1790, Davidson was elected to Parliament for Cromartyshire with the support of William Pulteney, defeating Alexander Brodie who had the support of Henry Dundas. A compromise was reached whereby Davidson would hold the seat for four years before resigning in favour of a candidate to be decided by Brodie's supporters. However, once in Parliament, Davidson supported the government and Dundas agreed to his retaining the seat until the next general election.
Davidson married twice, leaving one son (Henry) by his first wife; his son carried on the family business after his father's death.
# National Capital Wing Civil Air Patrol

The National Capital Wing of the Civil Air Patrol (CAP) is the highest echelon of Civil Air Patrol in the district of Washington, D.C. The National Capital Wing consists of over 760 cadet and adult members at over six locations across the District of Columbia; the City of Alexandria, Arlington County and Fairfax County in Northern Virginia; and Prince George's County, MD.

## Mission

The National Capital Wing performs the three missions of the Civil Air Patrol: providing emergency services; offering cadet programs for youth; and providing aerospace education for both CAP members and the general public.

### Emergency services

The Civil Air Patrol provides emergency services, which includes performing search and rescue and disaster relief missions; as well as assisting in humanitarian aid assignments. The CAP also provides Air Force support through conducting light transport, communications support, and low-altitude route surveys. The Civil Air Patrol can also offer support to counter-drug missions.

### Cadet programs

The Civil Air Patrol offers a cadet program for youth aged 12 to 21, which includes aerospace education, leadership training, physical fitness and moral leadership.

### Aerospace education

The Civil Air Patrol offers aerospace education for CAP members and the general public, including providing training to the members of CAP, and offering workshops for youth throughout the nation through schools and public aviation events.

## Resources

As of 2019, the National Capital Wing had 4 single-engine aircraft, 10 vehicles, 5 VHF/FM repeaters, 77 VHF/FM stations, and 12 HF stations.

## Organization

Squadrons of the National Capital Wing :
| Designation | Squadron Name | Location | Notes |
| DC026 | Arlington Composite Squadron | Arlington, VA | |
| DC033 | Andrews Composite Squadron | Joint Base Andrews, MD | |
| DC045 | Mount Vernon Composite Squadron | Fort Belvoir, VA | |
| DC051 | Tuskegee Composite Squadron | Washington, D.C. | Joint Base Anacostia-Bolling |
| DC053 | Fairfax Composite Squadron | Fairfax, VA | |
| DC060 | Challenger 1 Cadet Squadron | Alexandria, VA | |
# Anthony Manfreda

Anthony Richard Manfreda (February 19, 1904 – October 9, 1988) was an American football halfback. He holds the Holy Cross record for most yards gained (100 against Boston University in 1929) on a kickoff return. He played high school football for Sanborn Seminary in Kingston, New Hampshire. He also played in the National Football League (NFL) for the Newark Tornadoes (2 games in 1930). He was born in Meriden, Connecticut.
# Pasir Gudang Jamek Mosque

The Pasir Gudang Jamek Mosque (Malay: Masjid Jamek Pasir Gudang) is the first mosque to have been built in Pasir Gudang, Johor, Malaysia. It is located near the lake gardens.

## History

The mosque was constructed between 1992 and 1994 by Johor Corporation; in a Middle Eastern and Western style.

## Gallery

* Pasir Gudang Jamek Mosque prayer hall
# Devil's Stone in Trzciana

Devil's Stone in Trzciana (Polish: Diabelski Kamień w Trzcianie) – a rock formation in the Wiśnicki Foothills, located on the northern slopes of the Cichawka stream ravine, on the Wichraż hill (approx. 320 m above sea level). Built of sandstone, it reaches a height of 12 m and a length of 20 m. It is located in a beech and fir forest with protected plants and a spotted salamander. The site is associated with the legend of the White Lady and the devil who dropped the boulder. It is a walking point with a view of the Beskid Wyspowy.
# Ann Marie Flynn

Ann Marie Flynn (August 17, 1938 – July 22, 2021) was a female high jumper from the United States, who competed in the 1950s and 1960s for her native country. She was born in New York City and was a member of the German-American Athletic Club in Brooklyn. She set her personal best in the women's high jump event (1.65 metres) on July 18, 1959, at a meet in Philadelphia. She also competed in the discus throw and the heptathlon during her career. Flynn competed at the 1956 Summer Olympics but was the only athlete not to clear the qualifying height at the event.

## Achievements

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Notes |
| 1956 | US National Championships | Philadelphia | 2nd | |
| 1957 | US National Championships | Shaker Heights, Ohio | 4th | |
| 1958 | US National Championships | Morristown, New Jersey | 3rd | 1.50 m |
| 1959 | Pan American Games | Chicago, United States | 1st | 1.61 m |
| 1959 | US National Championships | Cleveland, Ohio | 4th | 1.57 m |
| 1960 | US National Championships | Corpus Christi, Texas | 6th | 1.51 m |
# Tom Gage (athlete)

Thomas Lewis Gage (May 16, 1943 – July 15, 2010) was an American Hammer Thrower from Billings, Montana. Gage graduated from Cornell University in 1965. During the late 1960s to the early 1970s he was in the top 10 among American hammer throwers for 10 years including achieving number 1 in 1972. He won the gold medal at the 1967 Pan American Games in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada and was a finalist in the 1972 Olympics in Munich, Germany, ultimately finishing 12th. His personal best was 71.17, set in 1971.

## Masters

He continued to throw the hammer and weight implements through the various Masters age groups, setting the M60 World Record in 2004. He also held the M50 age group world record for 9 years before it was surpassed by another former Olympian Jud Logan. He was a 2001 inductee into the Masters division of the USATF National Track and Field Hall of Fame.
The University of Montana hosts the Tom Gage Classic named in his honor.
# Poste Magistrali

Poste Magistrali is the postal organisation of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta, a Catholic lay religious order with sovereign recognition under international law, founded to collect and dispatch diplomatic correspondence of the Order.

## History

The Poste Magistrali origin's date back to the 1530s, where correspondence begun to be sent between Grand Master Fra' Philippe Villiers de l'Isle Adam and Henry VIII, King of England.
The Poste Magistrali was founded in its current form on the 20 May 1966, by decree of Grand Master Fra' Angelo de Mojana di Cologna. Coins begun to be also published by the Poste Magistrali in 1961, under the Lieutenancy of Fra' Ernesto Paternò Castello di Carcaci.
On 24 June 2008, an agreement was signed between the Vatican City State and the Order of Malta, recognising the full validity of stamps issued by each respective country. For the occasion, the Order of Malta issued a stamp with the Vatican City coat-of-arms, and the Vatican City issued a stamp depicting the Order of Malta's emblem.
On 18 December 2014, a postal agreement was signed between the Italian Republic and the Sovereign Military Order of Malta, which recognised the same legal status for stamps of the Order of Malta and vice versa.
# LX Pantos

LX Pantos Co., Ltd. is a global logistics service provider based in Seoul, South Korea. Since its inception in 1977, LX Pantos has evolved from an air freight agent, to include all logistics services including: sea freight, air freight, road and rail freight, warehousing, logistics consulting, international express, project cargo, terminal service, and customs clearance.

## History

* February 1977: Established Bumhan Huengsan Corporation
* 1992: Changed Company name to Pan Korea Express Co., Ltd
* 2006: Changed Company name to Pantos Logistics Co., Ltd
* 2021: Changed Company name to LX Pantos Co., Ltd

## Operations

LX Pantos has roughly 10,000 employees, operating in 40 countries throughout Asia, North and South America, Europe, CIS, the Middle East, and Africa, creating 360 networks. LX Pantos is the largest logistics company in Korea and the 15th largest company in the world, and it is one of the world's top 6 sea freight forwarders by volume.
On 4 February 2025, it has been announced a collaboration with Ocean Network Express for the American market.
# Directory of Open Access Journals

The Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ) is a website that hosts a community-curated list of open access journals, maintained by Infrastructure Services for Open Access (IS4OA). It was launched in 2003 with 300 open access journals.
The mission of DOAJ is to "increase the visibility, accessibility, reputation, usage and impact of quality, peer-reviewed, open access scholarly research journals globally, regardless of discipline, geography or language."
In 2015, DOAJ launched a reapplication process based on updated and expanded inclusion criteria. At the end of the process (December 2017), close to 5,000 journals, out of the 11,600 indexed in May 2016, had been removed from their database, in majority for failure to reapply.
Notwithstanding the substantial cleanup, the number of journals included in DOAJ has continued to grow, to reach 14,299 as of 3 March 2020. As of December 2022, the independent database contains more than 18,650 open access journals and 8,265,272 articles covering all areas of science, technology, medicine, social sciences and the humanities.
DOAJ provides a change log on Google Sheets that has been updated since March 2014 and identifies the journals added and the journals removed with the justification for the removal.
Founder, Lars Bjørnshauge, announced his retirement in 2021 and from January 2022, DOAJ has a new Managing Director, Joanna Ball.

## History

The Open Society Institute funded various open access related projects after the Budapest Open Access Initiative; the Directory was one of those projects. The idea for the DOAJ came out of discussions at the first Nordic Conference on Scholarly Communication in 2002. Lund University became the organization to set up and maintain the DOAJ. It continued to do so until January 2013, when Infrastructure Services for Open Access (IS4OA) took over.
The Infrastructure Services for Open Access (IS4OA) C.I.C. was founded in 2012 in the UK as a community interest company by open access advocates Caroline Sutton and Alma Swan. It runs the DOAJ and, until 2017, the Open Citations Corpus.
In a 2015 comparison with MEDLINE, PubMed Central, EMBASE and SCOPUS, DOAJ resulted to have the highest number of open access journals listed, but less than a half of them had actively published contents on DOAJ.
There is a partnership between DOAJ and OpenAIRE since October 2022.
# Fifth inauguration of Sheikh Hasina

The fifth inauguration of Sheikh Hasina as Prime Minister of Bangladesh took place on January 11, 2024, following her party's victory in the 2024 general election. The oath of office was administered by President Mohammed Shahabuddin, marking the formation of the Fifth Hasina ministry and the 12th Jatiya Sangsad.
Following a nationwide uprising, Hasina resigned from office and went on a self-imposed exile to India. On August 8, 2024, Muhammad Yunus was sworn in as Chief Adviser.

## Background

On 7 January 2024, the Awami League won the 2024 election. They defeated the opposition under GM Quader of the Jatiya Party. Awami League won 216 Seats while the opposition only won 11 Seats. The election, however, was boycotted by all major political parties in Bangladesh. The election only had a voter turnout of 41%, a 38 decrease from the last election. The Awami league has been accused for forging the opposition. The 12th Jatiya Sangsad was formed. They held their first session on January 30.
# Ron Whitney

Ronald Howard "Ron" Whitney (born October 5, 1942) is a retired American hurdler and sprinter. Known for his fast finish, he was sixth in the 400 m hurdles at the 1968 Summer Olympics. He had entered the race as one of the favorites, having been ranked #1 in the world in 1967 and winning the USA Outdoor Track and Field Championships in the event for the second time earlier that year. At the Olympics, his first heat victory established a new Olympic record, only to be surpassed by David Hemery two days later.
Previously he had been the Pan American Games champion in the same event. While working on his master's degree at Colorado State University, he was the 1967 Gold Medalist at the World University Games. He also had won bronze two years earlier and while competing for Occidental College, where he was coached by Jim Bush, was runner up at the NCAA Championships in 1963.
At Thomas Downey High School in Modesto, California, Whitney was the champion at the 1960 Golden West Invitational, the equivalent of a national champion, at 800 m, a week after finishing fourth in the CIF California State Meet in the same event.
Whitney continued to compete into masters age groups as a pioneer of masters athletics.
Whitney continues to be involved in the sport as head track and field coach at Santa Rosa Junior College. He is a member of the Mt. SAC Relays Hall of Fame and the Occidental College Hall of Fame.
# Lindemannlaw

Lindemannlaw stylized as LINDEMANNLAW, is a Swiss law firm established in September 2011 and headquartered in Zürich.

## History

Dr. iur. Alexander Lindemann founded LINDEMANNLAW in his garage in Zollikerberg in September 2011. Early clients included financial institutions such as investor services banks and Credit Suisse. In 2018, Lindemann represented claimants against Credit Suisse. The firm expanded to Seefeld in 2013 with a team of five legal professionals. The firm was again in professional media when it onboarded another partner in 2020. Later it moved to a larger office in the Zurich City Centre in 2021, expanding the partnership and accommodating 20 lawyers and staff. In 2024, LINDEMANNLAW transitioned from a limited partnership to a corporation (Aktiengesellschaft).
The firm has actively participated in international initiatives, such as organizing a Swiss business mission to Uzbekistan together with the Joint Chamber of Commerce (JCC) for Switzerland, Eastern Europe, Central Asia and South Caucasus. LINDEMANNLAW also founded the Swiss Capital Market Forum and established a specialized Kazakh desk to foster cooperation in the Central Asian oil and gas industry.

## Expertise

LINDEMANNLAW is authorized for listings on the SIX Swiss Exchange. The firm states that it provides legal, tax, and business intelligence services to wealth managers, asset managers, and entrepreneurs and works in jurisdictions including Luxembourg, Malta, Liechtenstein, and the Cayman Islands in addition to Switzerland. It claims to have lawyers licensed in Swiss, German, Liechtenstein, US, Russian, and Luxembourg law, primarily focusing on the financial sector. The founder of the firm is a contributor to commentary "Investment", 2024 (eds. Beckmann, Scholtz, Vollmer).

## Recognition's include

* IFC Awards: Bronze (2021), Gold (2022 & 2023), and Winner (2024) in the Boutique Law Firm of the Year category.
* Global 100: Investment Management Advisor of the Year 2023 – Switzerland.
* Corporate Live Wire's Innovation and Excellence Award: 2023.
# Trevor Spangenberg

Trevor Matthew Spangenberg (born April 21, 1991) is an American professional soccer player who plays as a goalkeeper for Birmingham Legion.

## Career
### Early career

Spangenberg played five years of college soccer at Missouri State University between 2009 and 2013, including a red-shirted year in 2009. While at college, Spangenberg appeared for USL PDL club Laredo Heat in 2010 and Springfield Demize in 2012 and 2013.

### Chivas USA

On March 9, 2014, Spangenberg signed with Major League Soccer club Chivas USA.

### New England Revolution

Following the dissolution of Chivas USA, Spangenberg signed with the New England Revolution ahead of the 2015 season. He was then sent on loan to the Richmond Kickers, a USL team who is partners with MLS club D.C. United. Spangenberg was released by New England at the end of their 2015 season.

### Puerto Rico FC

Spangenberg became the second goalkeeper signed by NASL expansion club Puerto Rico FC on April 6, 2016.
After 10 matches in the 2016 fall season Trevor Spangenberg was given the chance to start at goalie against the league leaders FC Edmonton on the road. He and the team was able to keep the game scoreless. After a spectacular performance against Miami FC the job was his to keep. The 25-year-old keeper had a goals allowed average of 1.2 and five shut outs in 12 starts.
On January 23, 2017, Puerto Rico FC announced the return of five regulars from the 2016 starting XI. Spangenberg performances towards the end of the season led to his option being picked up by the club. He was released at the end of the 2017 season.

### Richmond Kickers

On February 28, 2018, Spangenberg signed with USL side Richmond Kickers for the 2018 season.

## Career statistics

    As of May 22, 2019
| Club | Season | League | League | League | Playoffs | Playoffs | Cup | Cup | Continental | Continental | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Laredo Heat | 2010 | PDL | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | – | – | – | – | 3 | 0 |
| Springfield Demize | 2012 | PDL | 9 | 0 | – | – | – | – | – | – | 9 | 0 |
| Springfield Demize | 2013 | PDL | 11 | 0 | – | – | – | – | – | – | 11 | 0 |
| Springfield Demize | Total | Total | 20 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 20 | 0 |
| Chivas USA | 2014 | MLS | 1 | 0 | – | – | 0 | 0 | – | – | 1 | 0 |
| New England Revolution | 2015 | MLS | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | – | – | 0 | 0 |
| Richmond Kickers (loan) | 2015 | USL | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | – | – | 2 | 0 |
| Puerto Rico FC | 2016 | NASL | 12 | 0 | – | – | 5 | 0 | – | – | 17 | 0 |
| Puerto Rico FC | 2017 | NASL | 21 | 0 | – | – | – | – | 2 | 0 | 23 | 0 |
| Puerto Rico FC | Total | Total | 33 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 40 | 0 |
| Richmond Kickers | 2018 | USL | 15 | 0 | – | – | 3 | 0 | – | – | 18 | 0 |
| Birmingham Legion | 2019 | USL Championship | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | – | – | 6 | 0 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 78 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 9 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 90 | 0 |
* ↑ Appearance in the PDL Playoffs
* ↑ Includes the Copa Luis Villarejo and U.S. Open Cup
* ↑ All appearances in the Caribbean Club Championship
# Gau Upper Silesia

The Gau Upper Silesia (German: Gau Oberschlesien) was an administrative division of Nazi Germany from 1941 to 1945 in the Upper Silesia part of the Prussian Province of Silesia. The Gau was created when the Gau Silesia was split into Upper Silesia and Lower Silesia on 27 January 1941. The Gau included territory annexed by Nazi Germany after the German invasion of Poland.

## History

The Nazi Gau (plural Gaue) system was originally established in a party conference on 22 May 1926, in order to improve administration of the party structure. From 1933 onwards, after the Nazi seizure of power, the Gaue increasingly replaced the German states as administrative subdivisions in Germany.
At the head of each Gau stood a Gauleiter, a position which became increasingly more powerful, especially after the outbreak of the Second World War, with little interference from above. Local Gauleiters often held government positions as well as party ones and were in charge of, among other things, propaganda and surveillance and, from September 1944 onward, the Volkssturm and the defense of the Gau.
The position of Gauleiter in Upper Silesia was held by Fritz Bracht throughout the short history of the Gau. Bracht, who was not a powerful figure in the Nazi hierarchy, committed suicide on 9 May 1945.
The Auschwitz concentration camp, an extermination camp where more than 1,000,000 people were killed, was located in the Gau Upper Silesia, near Oświęcim. The camp was liberated by the Soviet Army in January 1945.
# Tiglath-Pileser II

Tiglath-Pileser II (from the Hebraic form of Akkadian Tukultī-apil-Ešarra) was King of Assyria from 967 BCE, when he succeeded his father Ashur-resh-ishi II, until his death in 935 BCE, when he was succeeded by his son Ashur-dan II. Little is known about his reign.

## History

Tiglath-Pileser II waged numerous successful military campaigns, including against the Babylonians, the Arameans, and the Hittites. He conquered the region of Nairi, which lay between Assyria and Urartu, and gained control of the lucrative trade routes that passed through the area.
Tiglath-Pileser II also reorganized the Assyrian army and introduced new military tactics and weapons. He established a standing army that was well-equipped and well-trained, which allowed him to maintain control over his empire and to expand it further.
In addition to his military conquests, Tiglath-Pileser II made significant political reforms. He reorganized the administrative structure of the Assyrian Empire and introduced a system of provincial governors, who were responsible for collecting taxes and maintaining order in their regions. He also standardized weights, measures, and currency throughout the empire, which facilitated trade and commerce.
Tiglath-Pileser II is remembered as one of the most powerful and influential kings of Assyria. His military and political reforms laid the foundation for the later Assyrian Empire, which would become one of the most formidable empires of the ancient world.
# Boys in the Band (video)

Boys in the Band is a DVD that was included in a re-release of The Libertines' second self-titled album, The Libertines.

## Track listing

* Live footage
** Factory
*** "What a Waster" (Live at The Factory, Japan)
*** "Death on the Stairs" (Live at The Factory, Japan)
*** "Up the Bracket" (Live at The Factory, Japan)
*** "I Get Along" (Live at The Factory, Japan)
*** "The Boy Looked at Johnny" (Live at The Factory, Japan)
** Moby Dick
*** "The Boy Looked at Johnny" (Live at Moby Dick, Spain)
** Busking for Beer
* Videos
** "Can't Stand Me Now"
** "Scenes from the Forum"
* Photos
** Photo Gallery
* Extras
** In the Van
** Interviews
** NME Awards
** Credits