OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Mir Humayun Jah Bahadur

Mir Humayun Jah Bahadur CIE was an Indian nobleman, politician, theosophist and Indian independence activist who served as a non-official member of Madras Legislative Council from 1866 till 1892 and a non-official member of the Imperial Legislative Council from 1893. He was made a Companion of the Order of the Indian Empire on January 1, 1880, in the Queen's New Year Honours List.
His son, Nawab Syed Muhammad Bahadur served as President of the Indian National Congress in Karachi in 1913.
Humayun Jah Bahadur was a great grandson of Tipu Sultan.
# McKim Creek (West Virginia)

McKim Creek is a tributary of Middle Island Creek, 20.4 miles (32.8 km) long, in northwestern West Virginia in the United States. Via Middle Island Creek and the Ohio River, it is part of the watershed of the Mississippi River, draining an area of 37.3 square miles (97 km$^2$) in a rural region on the unglaciated portion of the Allegheny Plateau.
McKim Creek rises just east of McKim in southwestern Tyler County and flows generally westward into eastern Pleasants County, through the unincorporated communities of McKim and Plum Run in Tyler County and Hebron in Pleasants County. It flows into Middle Island Creek at the community of Union Mills, 4.6 miles (7.4 km) upstream of Middle Island Creek's confluence with the Ohio River in St. Marys.
According to the Geographic Names Information System, McKim Creek has also been known historically by the name "McKim's Fork."
# The Great Cat and Dog Massacre

The Great Cat and Dog Massacre is a history book by Hilda Kean. It recounts the story of the British pet massacre during September 1939, at the onset of World War II, when hundreds of thousands of British family pets were preemptively euthanised in anticipation of air raids and resource shortages.
Kean also uses the episode to discuss people's feelings about their pets and the psychology of a population at war.
The book was published in 2017 by University of Chicago Press. Its title is a reference to Robert Darnton's 1984 work The Great Cat Massacre.
# Neil Versfeld

Neil Robert Versfeld (born March 29, 1985) is a South African swimmer, who specialized in breaststroke events. He finished ninth with a superb South African record in the men's 200 m breaststroke at the 2008 Summer Olympics, and has claimed multiple South African championship titles in the 50, 100, and 200 m breaststroke.
Versfield swam collegiately for the Georgia Bulldogs at the University of Georgia (UGA). As a UGA senior in 2009, he won an individual national championship in the 200-yard breaststroke at the NCAA Championships by swimming the fastest time in the history of the event (1:51.40). At UGA, Versfeld was a seven-time All-American and graduated as the team record-holder in the 100-yard breaststroke, 200-yard breaststroke, 200-yard medley relay and 400-yard medley relay.
Versfeld competed for the South African swimming team in the men's 200 m breaststroke at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing. He finished second behind William Diering with a 2:12.33 at the South African Championships four months earlier in Johannesburg to assure his selection to the Olympic team under FINA A-standard (2:13.70). Having entered the semifinals with the ninth-seeded time (2:10.50), Versfeld rebounded from his immediate defeat in the prelims to subdue a new African record in 2:10.06, but narrowly missed the top eight final by just 0.09 of a second. His ninth-place time also slashed 0.15 seconds off the continental mark, set by Diering in the initial half of the semifinal round.
At the 2009 FINA World Championships in Rome, Italy, Versfeld dipped under a 2:10 barrier to lower his South African record time to 2:09.61 in the semifinals of the 200 m breaststroke.
# STIF

STIF or Stif may refer to:
* Short-term investment fund, a type of low-risk investment fund, typically used by investors to park funds temporarily.
* Stif, another name for the city of Sétif, the capital of Sétif Province in northeastern Algeria.
* Sydney Turpentine-Ironbark Forest, a critically endangered ecological community of indigenous plants unique to parts of the Sydney Basin bioregion, New South Wales, Australia.
* Syndicat des transports d'Île-de-France, the former name of the organizing public transport authority for Paris and the surrounding Île-de-France region.
# Edgar Arthur Ashcroft

Edgar Arthur Ashcroft (5 September 1864 – 24 August 1938) was an Australian electrical engineer who developed an electrolytic process for extracting zinc metal from its sulphides.

## History

Ashcroft was born in Sunderland, England, a son of George Ashcroft and his wife Sophia, née Davey. After qualifying as a mechanical and electrical engineer, he was brought out to Australia by Broken Hill Proprietary Ltd to install an electric lighting plant at its Broken Hill facilities. While there, he and John Howell developed a steam generator using slag from the smelters as a source of heat.
He was impressed with the vast quantities of zinc sulphide tailings at the mines, regarded as waste due to the expense and complexity of existing methods of extracting zinc metal from the ore. Collaborating with one Dr. Carl Schnabel of Clausthal, Germany, he developed a wet electrolytic method of extracting the metal, which he patented in 1894. He left BHP and in 1895 founded the Sulphide Corporation (Ashcroft Process) Limited with a capital of £1,100,000, with which it purchased Ashcroft's patents and the Broken Hill Central Mine. In 1897, Ashcroft and the corporation set up the world's first electrolytic zinc works at Cockle Creek, near Newcastle, New South Wales. The process failed to live up to expectations however. The problems involved in up-scaling had been minimized, and the benefits exaggerated. Despite major modifications under general managers Randolph Adams and from 1897 C. F. Courtney, the process was deemed a failure and the plant largely dismantled. The Sulphide Corporation continued in the business of refining zinc ore, but reverted to the roasting method.
Ashcroft returned to England amid controversy, and with James Swinburne continued experimentation, but despite being based on sound scientific principles, commercial success eluded them.
Ashcroft retired to Ancrum House, Roxburghshire, Scotland, and died in nearby Polton, survived by his wife Irene, née Dulier.

### Postscript

Sulphide Corporation Ltd. went into voluntary liquidation in 1950, and was taken over by Sulphide Corporation Pty. Ltd., created for the purpose, a wholly owned subsidiary of Consolidated Zinc.

## Memberships

* Australasian Institute of Mining Engineers
* (London) Institution of Mining and Metallurgy
# Mulan, Huangpi

Mulan (simplified Chinese: 木兰乡; traditional Chinese: 木蘭鄉; pinyin: Mùlán Xiāng) is a township of Huangpi District in northeastern Hubei province, China.
# List of ambassadors of the State of Palestine to Chile

The Palestinian ambassador in Santiago de Chile is the official representative of the Palestinian government to the Government of Chile.

## List of representatives

| | ambassador | Diplomatic agrément/Diplomatic accreditation | Term end | President of Palestine | President of Chile | Observations |
| 1 | Grace Al-Atrash | 1990 | 1992 | Yasser Arafat | | |
| 2 | Hussein Abdelkhaliq | 1992 | 2000 | Yasser Arafat | Patricio Aylwin Azócar | |
| 3 | Sabri Ateyeh | 2000 | 2005 | Yasser Arafat | Ricardo Lagos Escobar | |
| 4 | Mai al-Kaila | 2006 | 2013 | Mahmoud Abbas | Michelle Bachelet | |
| 5 | Imad Nabil Jadaa | 2013 | 2022 | Mahmoud Abbas | Sebastián Piñera | From 1979 to 1988 he was head of the mission in Havana. From 2006 to 2008 he was ambassador in Caracas. From 2008 to 2013 he was ambassador in Bogota. |
| 6 | Vera Baboun | 2022 | until now | Mahmoud Abbas | Gabriel Boric | |
33°24′53″S 70°34′10″W﻿ / ﻿33.414782°S 70.569479°W﻿ / -33.414782; -70.569479
# List of ambassadors of the State of Palestine to South Africa

The Palestinian ambassador in Pretoria is the official representative of the Palestinian government to the Government of South Africa.

## List of representatives

| Diplomatic accreditation | ambassador | ambassador | Observations | President of Palestine | President of South Africa | Term end |
| Diplomatic accreditation | Name in Arabic | Name in English | Observations | President of Palestine | President of South Africa | Term end |
| 1995 | سلمان محمد حسين الهرفي | Salman El-Herfi | | Yasser Arafat Mahmoud Abbas | Nelson Mandela Thabo Mbeki | 2005 |
| 2005 | علي أحمد حليمة | Ali Ahmed Halima | | Mahmoud Abbas | Thabo Mbeki Kgalema Motlanthe | 16 September 2012 |
| 2012 | عبد الحفيظ نوفل | Abdel Hafiz Nofal | | Mahmoud Abbas | Jacob Zuma | June 2015 |
| 2015 | هاشم حسن هاشم الدجاني | Hashem Hassan Dajani | | Mahmoud Abbas | Jacob Zuma Matamela Cyril Ramaphosa | 2019 |
| 28 January 2020 | حنان نعيم أمين جرار | Hanan Na'eem Ameen Jarrar | | Mahmoud Abbas | Matamela Cyril Ramaphosa | |
39°56′16″N 116°27′38″E﻿ / ﻿39.937704°N 116.460642°E﻿ / 39.937704; 116.460642
# Sergei Nedosekin

Sergei Ivanovich Nedosekin (Russian: Серге́й Иванович Недосекин; born May 1, 1947) is a Russian professional football coach and a former player.

## Career

Born in Uzlovsky District, Tula Oblast, Nedosekin began playing amateur football as a forward for a local club in Skopin after studying at university. In 1966, he joined FC Spartak Ryazan where he played over 400 league matches over 13 seasons in the Soviet leagues.
After he retired from playing, Nedosekin managed FC Spartak Ryazan, leading the club to a second place finish in the 1992 Russian First League.
# Igor Telkov

Igor Sergeyevich Telkov (Russian: Игорь Сергеевич Телков; born 6 May 1989) is a Russian professional football coach and former goalkeeper who is the goalkeeper coach of FC Torpedo Moscow..

## Club career

He made his Russian Football National League debut for FC Salyut Belgorod on 28 August 2013 in a game against FC Luch-Energiya Vladivostok.
# Schwaig

Schwaig is a municipality that is located within the district of Nürnberger Land of Bavaria in Germany.
In 1979, the municipalities of Schwaig and Behringersdorf were merged to form the current municipality. Behringersdorf has a railway station on the Nuremberg–Cheb railway.

## Notable people

* Hans-Johann Färber (born 1947), Olympic rower
* Oliver Zeidler (born 1996), rower
# 2014 Andaman boat disaster

2014 Andaman boat disaster was an incident which occurred on 26 January 2014, when a tourist boat capsized near Port Blair, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India, killing 22 people. The boat "Aqua Marine" was carrying 45 tourists from Tamil Nadu and Mumbai.

## Accident

The boat "Aqua Marine" was carrying 45 tourists from India from Ross Island, Port Blair Tehsil to North Bay when it sank and at least 21 people lost their lives. The capacity of the boat was 25 and overloading of the boat resulted in the tragedy. The boat sank at a distance of about 2.5 km from the shore of Port Blair and majority of the tourists were from Tamil Nadu. The administration of the Island group was busy with Republic Day of India and learnt the news at 4.30 p.m. on 26 January 2014. More than 29 people were rescued by district administration while one was still missing. Rescued were admitted to G B Pant hospital. The boat had no life jackets and there were no divers on board.
Reports say that two months before this accident, a tourist wrote a letter to the union tourism ministry about the lack of safety standards in Andaman islands’ tourism circuit.

## Aftermath

Andaman and Nicobar Islands administration announced a 100,000 Indian Rupee ex-gratia payment to the family of the deceased tourists. India's then Prime Minister Manmohan Singh and Tamil Nadu Chief Minister J. Jayalalithaa expressed their grief over the accident, while Jayalalithaa also announced a compensation of 100,000 Indian Rupees each to the families of dead. Owner of the boat and two others were detained by the law enforcing agencies for enquiry.
# Le Bourg-d'Hem

Le Bourg-d'Hem (French pronunciation:; Occitan: Le Borg d'Hem; Marchois: Le Borg d'Ent) is a commune in the Creuse department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region in central France.

## Geography

A farming and forestry area comprising the village and a few small hamlets situated some 9 miles (14 km) north of Guéret at the junction of the D15, D33, D56 and the D48 roads. The river Creuse flows through the commune, which is dammed near Guémontet, flooding much of the valley.

## Sights

* The chateau de Villebaston, dating from the twelfth century.
* The twelfth century church of St.Julien.
* The rebuilt watermill at Gué Vignaud.
* The dam, the ‘Barrage de l'Age’.

## Personalities

* Marc Bloch, French historian, was shot on 16 June 1944, and is buried here.
# Wallace Putnam Reed

Wallace Putnam Reed (1849–1903) was an American historian (sometimes referred to as "one of Atlanta's first historians") and journalist active in Georgia, in the post-Civil War period.

## Biography and career

Reed was born in 1849 in Rockdale County, Georgia, according to some sources although others have him as coming from Alabama, including Mildred Lewis Rutherford and possibly Joel Chandler Harris, if Harris, "his inseparable friend and editorial associate" at the Atlanta Constitution, indeed wrote Reed's entry in the Memoirs of Georgia.
His biography in Memoirs of Georgia claims he was born in Wilcox County, Alabama, and grew up in Montgomery; he moved to Atlanta with his parents in 1859. The Civil War was an interruption to his education, and he spent two years working in a bookstore. He published his first story at age 15, and throughout his life wrote hundreds of stories and sketches. He passed the bar before he turned 21 and briefly worked as a solicitor. He turned to journalism, first editing two country newspapers, and worked for a variety of papers in and around Atlanta as well as some national newspapers.
Reed was the editor of History of Atlanta, Georgia (D. Mason & Co., 1889), a book considered a building block for Franklin Garrett's authoritative history of the city. He was a colleague of Joel Chandler Harris at the Atlanta Constitution, where he worked since 1883. Reed wrote short stories as well.
Reed's wife was Kate Shaver, the daughter of the Reverend David Shaver. David Shaver was a Baptist preacher, born in Virginia around 1815 and married there at Lynchburg, who moved to Atlanta with his family in 1867, his wife dying in Augusta in 1893. Shaver was the editor of the Atlanta Christian Index for over 28 years. Reed's brother-in-law, Addison Hill Shaver son of David, was born in Hampton, Virginia, went to Mercer University, and became a newspaperman in 1876; working for many newspapers including the Atlanta Constitution and, after marrying Lula McCord in 1890, becoming the editor and proprietor of the Dalton Argus (serving Dalton and the surrounding Whitfield County) in 1892.
Reed died in 1903.
# Saint-Lambert-de-Lauzon

Saint-Lambert-de-Lauzon (French pronunciation:) is a municipality in La Nouvelle-Beauce Regional County Municipality in Quebec, Canada. It is part of the Chaudière-Appalaches region and the population is 6,177 as of the Canada 2011 Census. Prior to June 22, 2013 it was a parish municipality.
It is named after Pierre Lambert, a land surveyor who planned neighbouring Lévis. Lauzon refers to the seigneurie of Lauzon, the first to be established on the south shore of the Saint Lawrence River in 1636.

## History

The parish municipality of Saint-Lambert-de-Lauzon was established July 1, 1855, from the disbanded county of Dorchester. The post office created the same year, under the name of Saint-Lambert, will see itself adding in 1876 the locator element " de-Lévis", evoking the census division that covered the municipality. The Lambertins, whose ancestors came from neighboring parishes, owe their kindness to Pierre Lambert, surveyor, who in 1849 drew up the plans for the town of Aubigny, later known as Lévis. As for the specific "de-Lauzon", it emphasizes that the place was part of the seigneury of Lauzon, granted in 1636 to Simon Le Maître, merchant in Rouen and nominee of Jean de Lauson. In addition, one notes on a plan of the seigniory of Lauzon, drawn up by the same Pierre Lambert in 1828, the form “St-Lambert” indicated along a path (road) skirting the Chaudière river.
Over the years, Saint-Lambert-de-Lauzon has developed on either side of the Chaudière River, which crosses its territory over its entire length and gives its urban core an enchanting setting. A bridge, inaugurated in 1960, links the two shores. A first bridge, called the Taschereau bridge, was built in 1912. Previously, crossing the river was done using a Bac, hence the name of its primary school, École du Bac.
In 1874, one part of the town was taken way to form the new town of Saint-Narcisse-de-Beaurivage (the new town also included parts of Saint-Gilles, Saint-Patrice-de-Beaurivage and Saint-Bernard). In 2013 the parish of Saint-Lambert-de-Lauzon became a municipality.

## Demographics

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents: 2671 (total dwellings: 2752)
Mother tongue:
* English as first language: 1%
* French as first language: 97.5%
* English and French as first language: 0.7%
* Other as first language: 0.7%

## Attractions

Located on rue du Pont, west of the Chaudière River, the leisure center and the adjacent Alexis-Blanchet Park are places where several sporting and social activities can be practiced.
Facilities:
* Baseball field
* Two soccer fields that can be modified into four small fields
* Basketball court
* Volleyball court
* Two ice rinks
* Pétanque
* Skatepark
* Playground

## Education

Centre de services scolaire des Navigateurs operates Francophone public schools:
* École du Bac
* École secondaire les Etchemins in Lévis
Central Quebec School Board operates Anglophone public schools:
* St. Vincent School in Quebec City
* Ste-Foy Elementary School in Quebec City
* Quebec High School in Quebec City
# Nikolai Artamonov (pilot)

Nikolai Semyonovich Artamonov (Russian: Николай Семёнович Артамонов; 21 May 1920 – 26 March 1945) was a Soviet fighter pilot who became a flying ace during World War II. Awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union on 19 August 1944 for his initial victories, by the end of the war he reached a tally of 28 solo and nine shared shootdowns.
# Jussi Leino

Frans Johannes (Jussi, FJ) Leino (October 14, 1894 in Lieto – April 27, 1960 in Kaarina) was a Finnish lawyer and Social Democrat Member of Parliament.
Leino's parents were farmworker Frans Henrik Leino and Alma Simola. He became a student in 1915 and graduated with a degree in law in 1919. Leino was a partner in the law firm Leino & Leino in Turku from 1919 to 1960. During the Finnish Civil War Leino worked at the Revolutionary Court as a legal councillor.
Leino was a Member of Parliament from 1924 to 1929, representing the southern constituency of Turku County. He was the presidential elector in the 1925 presidential election. Leino was also a member of the Turku City Council.
Leino defended over 40 communists in court charged with various offenses, by far the most in Finland. One of Leino's most famous clients was John Reed.
During the Continuation War, Leino participated in the activities of the Finnish National Socialist Labor Organisation, founded by Teo Snellman, and the Organisation of National Socialists, led by Yrjö Raikas, and he also published books on Nazism. In the autumn of 1944, Leino was arrested by the State Police together with many other Finnish Nazi leaders.
Jussi Leino was married to Marta Maria Raunio in 1916–1934 and from 1935 to Oili Tuulikki Tuominen.

## Books

* Kansallissosialismi maailmanhistoriallisen kehityksen tuloksena (National Socialism as the result of world historic development). Otava 1941
* Kansallissosialistisia mietelauseita (National Socialist aphorisms). Suomen kansallissosialistisen työväenpuolueen Turun p.o., Turku 1942
* Suomalainen kansallissosialismi luo uuden Sammon : Suomen uusi ohjelma (Finnish National Socialism creates the new Sampo: New program for Finland); kirj. Jussi Leino ja Teo Snellman. Suomen kansallissosialistinen työjärjestö, Helsinki 1942
# Larry Flewwelling

Larry Flewwelling (born 9 August 1965) is a Canadian former diver. He competed in the men's 3 metre springboard event at the 1988 Summer Olympics.
# Rémy Rochas

Rémy Rochas (born 18 May 1996 in La Motte-Servolex) is a French professional road cyclist, who currently rides for UCI WorldTeam Groupama–FDJ.

## Major results

Source:

### 2013

    6th Overall Tour du Valromey
       1st Mountains classification
    6th Overall Giro di Basilicata

### 2015

    6th Overall Kreiz Breizh Elites

### 2016

    1st Stage 2 Ronde de l'Isard
    8th Overall Kreiz Breizh Elites

### 2017

    6th Overall Ronde de l'Isard

### 2018

    5th Overall Tour of Almaty
    6th Tour du Gévaudan Occitanie

### 2020

    4th Overall Sibiu Cycling Tour

### 2021

    5th Veneto Classic
    8th Overall Volta a la Comunitat Valenciana
    8th Overall Tour de l'Ain

### 2022

    2nd Giro del Veneto
    8th Veneto Classic

### 2023

    2nd Overall Tour of Guangxi
    8th Overall Tour du Limousin

### 2024

    5th Overall Étoile de Bessèges

### 2025

    8th Cadel Evans Great Ocean Road Race

### Grand Tour general classification results timeline

| Grand Tour | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 |
| Giro d'Italia | DNF | 71 | DNF | — |
| Tour de France | — | — | — | — |
| Vuelta a España | 15 | DNF | 28 | DNF |
Legend :
| — | Did not compete |
| DNF | Did not finish |
# Maharram Dadashev

Maharram Akbar oglu Dadashev (Azerbaijani: Məhərrəm Əkbər oğlu Dadaşov; 15 February 1912 – 17 September 1944) was an Azerbaijani Red Army senior sergeant and a posthumous Hero of the Soviet Union. Dadashev was posthumously awarded the title on 24 March 1945 for his actions during the Second Jassy–Kishinev Offensive. Dadashev, a tank driver, reportedly killed eight German soldiers with his tank's machine gun. He was seriously wounded in a subsequent battle and died of his wounds in mid-September 1944.

## Early life

Dadashev was born on 15 February 1912 in Beştalı to a peasant family. He received lower secondary education and worked as a kolkhoz tractor driver.

## World War II

Dadashev was drafted into the Red Army in 1941. He fought in combat from 1942 and became a tank driver. He fought in the Battle of the Caucasus. Serving in the 233rd Tank Brigade of the 5th Mechanised Corps, he fought in the Korsun-Shevchenkovsky Offensive and Uman–Botoșani Offensive. Dadashev's unit was equipped with the American M4A2 Sherman tank. He joined the Communist Party of the Soviet Union in 1944. In August and September, Dadashev fought in the Second Jassy–Kishinev Offensive.
On 20 August, near Vaslui, Dadashev's tank attacked German positions. The tank's fire reportedly destroyed 6 anti-tank guns and 16 machine gun and mortar emplacements, killing their crews. Dadashev was wounded, but continued to drive. After running out of shells, the tank crew reportedly took shelter around the tank. Dadashev used the machine gun to reportedly kill eight German soldiers. These actions were reported to have caused a German retreat. Dadashev was seriously wounded in his left shoulder on 14 September and died of gas gangrene at the 576th Field Surgical Hospital on 17 September 1944. He was buried in Stremț. On 24 March 1945, he was posthumously awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union and the Order of Lenin.

## Legacy

A bust of Dadashev was built in Salyan. A secondary school in Kür Qaraqaşlı was named for Dadashev.