OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Palmer River (Massachusetts–Rhode Island)

The Palmer River is a river in the U.S. states of Massachusetts and Rhode Island. It flows approximately 17 km (11 mi).

## Course

The river has two separate branches which converge near the intersection of Danforth Street and Winthrop Street (U.S. 44) in Rehoboth, Massachusetts to form the main branch of the river.

### West branch

The west branch (officially West Branch Palmer River) rises in a small unnamed pond near the eastern intersection of Tremont Street and Agricultural Avenue in Rehoboth. It continues roughly south from here until converging with the east branch. It flows approximately 9 km (5 mi).

### East branch

The east branch (officially East Branch Palmer River) rises in Little Cedar Swamp in North Rehoboth and flows roughly southwest to converge with the west branch. It flows approximately 8 km (5 mi).

### Main branch

After the two branches converge, the river flows roughly south-southwest through Rehoboth and Swansea before crossing into Rhode Island and flowing between Barrington and Warren for its last few miles. At its mouth, it converges with the Barrington River to form the Warren River.

## Crossings

Below is a list of all crossings over the Palmer River and its branches. The list begins at the headwaters and goes downstream.

### West branch

* Rehoboth
** Fairfield Street
** Ash Street
** Homestead Avenue
** Perryville Road
** Danforth Street
** Carpenter Street

### East branch

* Rehoboth
** Fairview Avenue
** Williams Street
** Winthrop Street (U.S. 44)
** Moulton Street (MA 118)
** County Street (Twice)
** Winthrop Street (U.S. 44)

### Main branch

* Rehoboth
** Danforth Street
** Winthrop Street (U.S. 44)
** Wilmarth Bridge Road
** Summer Street
** Wheeler Street
** Reed Street
** Providence Street
** Interstate 195
** Fall River Avenue (U.S. 6)
* Swansea
** Old Providence Road
* Barrington
** County Road (RI 103/114)

## Tributaries

In addition to many unnamed tributaries, the following brooks feed the Palmer and its branches:
* Mine Brook (West Branch)
* Bliss Brook (West Branch)
* Wolf Plain Brook (West Branch)
* Carpenter Brook (West Branch)
* Roaring Brook (East Branch)
* Bad Luck Brook (East Branch)
* Rumney Marsh Brook
* Fullers Brook
* Rocky Run
* Torrey Creek

## Eponym

The river was probably named for Walter Palmer, one of the founders of Rehoboth.

## Depiction in art

The Palmer River is a subject of an 1885 painting by local artist Edward Mitchell Bannister.
# Josephine Fröhlich

Josephine "Pepi" Fröhlich (12 December 1803 in Vienna – 7 May 1878 in Vienna) was an Austrian opera singer (alto).

## Family

Josephine Fröhlich had three sisters, Anna Fröhlich (1793-1880), Barbara Fröhlich (1797-1879), and pianist Katharina Fröhlich (1800-1879). Their household was a prominent place for musical activity within Vienna. Franz Schubert was a good friend of the family, and a frequent guest at music gatherings at their home, where he often performed his own compositions or improvised on the piano. At Anna's request, he wrote a few compositions for Anna, Josephine and Anna's students. Schubert wrote the solo part in two of his major compositions for Josephine's voice. The poet Franz Grillparzer, who also was a family friend, wrote the lyrics to the compositions. The two works are Zögernd Leise D 921 (1827) and the cantata Miriam Siegesgesang D 942 (1828).

## Career

Fröhlich studied in the years 1819-21 and sang with the Society of Music Friends in Vienna with her sister, Anna Frölich (1793-1880). She made her operatic debut in Mozart's opera Die Entführung aus dem Serail in 1821. After her debut in Vienna she went on tour in Scandinavia. In Denmark was awarded the title of the Kongelige Kammersangere (Royal Opera singer) of Frederik VI. After touring in Prague in 1826 and Milan in 1830, she permanently settled down in Vienna, where she became private vocal teacher.
She also composed at least two pieces for voice and piano: "Alla luna" and "Erinnerungen".
# Utixo

Utixo or Tiqua was a god of the Khoi (the native pastoralist people of Southwestern Africa).
Utixo was a benevolent deity who lived in the sky, sending rain for the crops, and speaking with thunder. Utixo is sometimes translated as wounded knee.
One story that has survived in Christian literature, was that Utixo sent a message to his people that death would not be eternal. He used a rabbit to carry the message. The rabbit became confused, reversed the message, and ended up telling men that they would not rise again.
Utixo was the word that missionaries used for translating God into Khoikhoi. The Zulus call the God UNkulunkulu, the Great One, and uMvelinqangi, the one was before all were.
# Borrowed Time

Borrowed Time may refer to:

## Music

* Borrowed Time (Diamond Head album), 1982
* Borrowed Time (Frontline album), 2005
* "Borrowed Time" (John Lennon song), 1984
* "Borrowed Time" (Styx song), 1979
* "Borrowed Time", song by AC/DC, a B-side of the single "Moneytalks"
* "Borrowed Time", song by Nicole from Make It Hot

## Other media

* "Borrowed Time" (Dark Angel), a 2002 television episode
* "Borrowed Time" (Holby City), a 2001 television episode
* Borrowed Time (video game), a 1985 adventure game
* Borrowed Time (film), a 2016 short film directed by Pixar artist Andrew Coats and Lou Hamou-Lhadj
# Moragne v. States Marine Lines, Inc.

Moragne v. States Marine Lines, Inc., 398 U.S. 375 (1970) is a United States Supreme Court case addressing the remedies under federal maritime law for tortious deaths on state territorial waters.

## Facts

The petitioner's husband was a longshoreman on board the vessel Palmetto State when a hatch beam became disengaged and fell, striking the decedent in the head and causing his death. The petitioner brought suit as his widow and representative to recover damages for wrongful death from States Marine Lines, Inc., the owner of the vessel. The petitioner's based her claims upon negligence and the unseaworthiness of the vessel, alleging that a defective locking arrangement caused the hatch to fall. The Federal District Court for the Middle District of Florida determined that the applicable Florida wrongful death statute did not include the concept of unseaworthiness and dismissed the petitioner's claims. The Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit affirmed the District Court's dismissal, and the United States Supreme Court granted certiorari.

## Opinion

In a unanimous opinion delivered by Justice John M. Harlan II, the Supreme Court overruled the prior controlling case of The Harrisburg (1886), which denied recovery under general maritime law for wrongful death on navigable waters. In The Harrisburg the court had held that the common law doctrine of no recovery would be incorporated in toto into maritime law, which meant that no remedy was allowed for wrongful death in general maritime law unless there was some statute that specifically granted such a remedy. Moragne eliminated many of the disparities of maritime death law and allowed claimants to assert wrongful death claims based on unseaworthiness by authority of general maritime law independent of statutory reliance.
A companion case, Raskin v. P. D. Marchessini, Inc., was vacated and remanded to the Court of Appeals for reconsideration in light of Moragne.
# Erin Reed (journalist)

Erin Reed (born 1988 or 1989) is an American journalist and transgender rights activist. She writes a newsletter titled Erin in the Morning.

## Career

Reed worked as a digital director for The American Independent from 2016 until 2021. While there, she created a column that made election predictions.
After 2021, Reed worked as a transgender rights blogger. She focuses on legislation that impacts LGBT, and often specifically transgender, people. In addition to her blog, Reed has written for Harper's Bazaar, the Los Angeles Blade, and other publications. In 2024, she won the NLGJA: The Association of LGBTQ Journalists Jeanne Córdova award. Reed was awarded 2024's Outstanding Blog at the GLAAD Media Awards.

## Activism

Reed was inspired to become an advocate while searching for affirming medical providers after learning that her nearest suitable clinic was more than three hours away. In 2019, Reed created a map of informed consent clinics to help trans people find healthcare providers. In 2021, her data was used by anti-trans activists to harass healthcare providers on the list.
In 2022, Reed published a map tracking US states that had the most and least legislative protection for transgender individuals. She has updated the map as new laws are proposed and passed. Her news coverage was widely shared on Twitter and Tiktok, with many videos going viral with thousands of views. Reed begun working on her newsletter full time in 2022.
In 2024, Reed endorsed Kamala Harris in the 2024 United States presidential election. She highlighted in public appearances that the Trump reelection campaign devoted significant funding towards anti-transgender advertising. After the election, Reed has continued to advocate for transgender healthcare access, emphasizing the importance of local elections specifically.

## Personal life

Reed was raised in southern Louisiana, and she now lives in Montgomery County, Maryland. Reed has a son.
Reed is transgender. She began researching gender transition when she was 13. However, she did not pursue it until her early 30s, as she did not know how to access healthcare options. In an editorial from the Advocate, Reed wrote that, "In truth, I’d known I was meant to be a girl as early as age 6, but society offered neither the concept nor the hope that such a truth could be realized."
In 2022, Reed started a long-distance relationship with Montana state representative Zooey Zephyr. They were engaged in 2023 after Zephyr proposed at a local gay prom. In 2023, the couple was targeted in failed swatting attempts. Reed credited local police for stopping the incident. Later that year, the Associated Press referred to Reed and Zephyr as "prominent figures in the world of LGBTQ+ advocacy," despite being unknown just a few months prior.
Reed and Zephyr were married in December 2024. The wedding ceremony was held at the Missoula County Fairgrounds in Montana, and was officiated by GLAAD president Sarah Kate Ellis.
# Pamet River

The Pamet River is a 4.2-mile-long (6.8 km) river in Truro, Massachusetts on Cape Cod. It is named for the Paomet tribe.
The river is primarily salt marsh, flows west nearly all the way across Cape Cod from its eastern beaches, and empties into Cape Cod Bay. It lies a few miles south of the Little Pamet River.
The upper Pamet River is made up of a freshwater marsh. The marsh occupies the broad floor of the upper Pamet River valley. Originally, 12,000–13,000 years ago, this was the glacial outwash channel that drained water away from the glacier westward, northward and finally eastward into the Atlantic some distance from where Provincetown now lies. Sea level was then 300 to 400 feet (91 to 122 m) lower than it is today. There was no Cape Cod Bay, and Stellwagen Bank and the Grand Banks were hills well above the ocean. The subsequent rise of the Atlantic Ocean, which continues to this day, nearly drowned the outer Cape, including the Pamet, which is now only four miles long, compared to 30 miles (48 km) long thousands of years ago. This upper freshwater marsh dates from the middle 19th century, when, to promote agriculture, the saltwater tides were prevented from entering by means of a dike that traverses the valley where Truro Center Road (a former routing of US Route 6) now passes. A one-way clapper valve permitted fresh water to leave at low tide. The result is the meandering, slow-flowing stream that flows from the Atlantic dunes at Ballston Beach west to the bay, with low, flat banks that lie just above the water table. The entire valley, fresh and salt, is underlain by a thick mat of peat derived from the original salt marshes. All plant species growing in this upper portion were brought in as seeds, mostly by birds and mammals. All are indigenous, and virtually none is tolerant of seawater.
MassWildlife has stocked the river with trout.
# Miodrag Ibrovac

Miodrag Ibrovac (24 August 1885 in Gornji Milanovac – 21 June 1973 in Belgrade) was a Serbian and Yugoslav literary historian, novelist, academic and professor at the University of Belgrade.

## Biography

He graduated from college in 1907, and since 1911 has taught at the Belgrade lyceum. From 1924 to 1958, Ibrovac was a full professor at the Faculty of Philology of the University of Belgrade in the Department of French Language and Literature where he succeeded Bogdan Popović. He was a corresponding member of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts in 1968 and a full professor in 1970. He was a member of the Serbian delegation at the Paris Peace Conference that brought an end to the Great War with the signing of the Treaty of Versailles in 1919. The delegation from Serbia consisted of Nikola Pašić, Slobodan Jovanović, Milenko Radomar Vesnić, Miodrag Ibrovac and others.
He is one of the founders of the Serbian PEN Center.
He was president of the Society for Cultural Co-operation Yugoslavia-France.

## Works

* Ivo Vojnovic et son poème dramatique "La Résurrection de Lazare", [Paris], 1917, extrait de Monde Slave, (N°5, 1917).
* Un poete de Raguse, 1918.
* La langue serbo-croate, Ligue des universitaires serbo-croato-slovènes, Paris, 1918.
* Jose-Maria de Heredia, sa vie, son oeuvre (1923)
* La poésie Yougoslave contemporaine, Revue Internationale des Etudes balkaniques, Belgrade, 1937
* Anthologie de la poésie Yougoslave des XIXe et XXe siècles, (introduction and notes by M. Ibrovac; in collaboration with Savka Ibrovac), Delagrave, Paris, 1935.
* Essai de Bibliographie française de la Littérature Yougoslave, with Pavle Popović, Librairie Félix Alcan, Paris, 1931.
* Les sources des "Trophées": thèse complémentaire pour le doctorat à la lettres présentée la Faculté des Lettres de l'Université de Paris, Les presses françaises, Paris, 1923 (prize of the French Academy).
* Kopitar i francuzi
* Bibliografski priručnik
# Jørgen Ringnis

Jørgen Ringnis, also known as "Jørgen Billedsnider", (birth unknown, died 1652 in Nakskov) was a Danish woodcarver. He created a number of altarpieces and pulpits in Danish churches, especially on the islands of Lolland and Falster.

## Background

From the 1550s to the 1650s, master craftsmen from northern Germany as well as the then Danish provinces of Schleswig and Holstein were invited to eastern Denmark to decorate churches and castles. By the mid-17th century, the region had experienced a period of unexcelled richness in artistic carving in the Baroque style. Major participants included Lorentz Jørgensen in Holbæk, Abel Schrøder in Næstved, Hans Holst in Køge, Claus Gabriel in Hillerød, Casper Lubekke in Roskilde and Jørgen Ringnis himself.

## Biography

In style and presentation, Ringnis' works resemble those of the Flensburg master, Heinrich Ringerinck, who is therefore considered to have been his tutor. Furthermore, in one of his contracts he gave his name as Rincknis, indicating he may have originated from Rinkenæs on Flensburg Firth. The earliest work bearing his signature is the pulpit (1630) in Nakskov Church where he also created the organ gallery. Like the pulpits in Nykøbing (1640) and Stubbekøbing (1634), it was paid for by local merchants and their families. His bills show that in 1631 he was living in Maribo while in 1637 and 1640 he was in Nakskov. His work comprises 23 pulpits and eight altarpieces which, apart from his pulpits in Oksbøl and Nordborg on the island of Als, are all to be found on Lolland or, in particular, on Falster. He often created an altarpiece and a pulpit for the same church.

## Style

Ringnis work can be recognized by his elaborate auricular style in a high Renaissance framework. His older pulpits have reliefs with scenes from the Old and New Testaments, similar to those of Ringerinck, but starting with the Kippinge pulpit (1631), they are replaced by the figures of the Evangelists. The quality and nature of Ringnis' work remained constant throughout his practice over a period of some 30 years. His pupils continued to emulate his style creating works in the churches of Falster, southern Zealand and Møn.

## Gallery

* Nakskov pulpit (1630)
* Stubbekøbing pulpit (1634)
* Torkilstrup altarpiece (1650)
* Nørre Alslev pulpit (1643)
# Brandon Pili

Brandon Pili (born April 2, 1999) is an American professional football nose tackle for the Seattle Seahawks of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for USC and was signed by the Miami Dolphins as an undrafted free agent in 2023.

## Early life and education

Pili was born on April 2, 1999, the eldest of seven children. His father had moved to Alaska from Hawaii in 1990 and his mother grew up in Barrow, Alaska, the most northernmost settlement in the United States. He lived the first few years of his life in Barrow, later moving to Anchorage. He played several sports growing up and attended Dimond High School in Anchorage, where he played football until the first game of his senior season. Pili transferred to Westview High School in Portland, Oregon, to finish his high school career. He had received little attention from college football teams while at Dimond but began receiving a significant amount of offers after transferring to Westview; he ultimately committed to play for the USC Trojans.

## College career

Pili, a defensive tackle, weighed 345 pounds in his freshman year at USC and saw significant playing time that year, appearing in nine games, two as a starter, and posting 14 tackles as well as a blocked field goal. The following year, he played in all 12 games and had two starts, posting 12 tackles and a sacks. In 2019, he had 18 tackles, three pass breakups and a fumble forced in 13 games played. Pili posted five tackles in four games played during the COVID-19-shortened 2020 season.
Pili was expected to see significant action in the 2021 season, but tore his achilles tendon prior to the start of the season and missed the entire year. In his final year, 2022, he brought his weight down to 315 pounds, played 14 games and had a career-high 25 tackles in addition to one sack and a pass breakup. He finished his collegiate career with 74 tackles, 10 of which were for a loss, and four sacks in 52 games played.

## Professional career

Pre-draft measurables :
| Height | Weight | Arm length | Hand span | 40-yard dash | 10-yard split | 20-yard split | 20-yard shuttle | Three-cone drill | Vertical jump | Broad jump | Bench press |
| 6 ft 2+7⁄8 in (1.90 m) | 316 lb (143 kg) | 32+1⁄4 in (0.82 m) | 10+1⁄2 in (0.27 m) | 5.36 s | 1.83 s | 3.09 s | 4.95 s | 7.75 s | 29.0 in (0.74 m) | 8 ft 11 in (2.72 m) | 24 reps |
| All values from Pro Day ||||||||||||

### Miami Dolphins

After going unselected in the 2023 NFL draft, Pili was signed by the Miami Dolphins as an undrafted free agent. He made the team's final roster, becoming the first Alaskan to be on an NFL roster since 2014. He was waived on November 4 and re-signed to the practice squad three days later. He signed a reserve/future contract on January 15, 2024.
On November 9, 2024, Pili was waived by the Dolphins.

### Seattle Seahawks

On November 11, 2024, Pili was claimed off waivers by the Seattle Seahawks, but was waived five days later and re-signed to the practice squad.

## Personal life

Pili's younger sister, Alissa, plays basketball for the Minnesota Lynx of the WNBA.
# Jon Trondson Benkestok

Jon Trondson Benkestok (1530 – c. 1593) was a Norwegian nobleman (Adelsmann) and a member of the Benkestok family, one of the original noble families of Norway.

## Family background

Jon Trondson Benkestok was reported to be a direct descendant of Harald Gille, King of Norway. Most of his ancestors served as knights in the king's army of Norway. The Benkestok family was married into the Norwegian noble families Smør, Galte (later: Galtung) and Kane, which were the original Norwegian noble families. The common ancestral of the Benkestok family was Gaut at Ænes in Hardanger, born c. 1100. He was a lendmann and his son Jon Gautsson was a lendmann in the service of King Magnus Erlingsson.

## Biography

Jon Trondson Benkestok was the son of Trond Torleivsson Benkestok and Anna Jonsdotter Haard. Both of his parents were born of very high station. He had a younger brother named Tord and three sisters Adelus, Kristin and Brynild. After his father died on 14 February 1558, in Vanse, Jon inherited large estates in Nordland. His mother died on November 27, 1569, in Bergen, Norway, she was buried on November 30, 1569, in the Bergen Cathedral in Bergen, Norway.
Jon Trondson Benkestok was a signatory when King Christian IV was hailed by the Norwegian nobility at Akershus Castle in 1591. He signed the document with the family's signet ring. He probably died around the year 1593.

## Marriage and issue

Jon Benkestok married a so-called "unfree" woman, Birgitte Nilsdotter, and their children lost their noble status and was commoners. Known children were:
* Torolf († 1622; died without children).
* Anders († after 1630; married, no known children).
* Trond († 1626; had a daughter).
* Johan († unknown; had a daughter).
* Christopher († after 1618; had two sons).
* Niels († after 1599).
* Anna († after 1599).
* Margrethe († unknown; married, had several descendants).
# Simon Dutton (drug dealer)

Simon Dutton (born 1977) is a man known to be a criminal involved in large-scale cocaine dealing.
Dutton was born in Bolton, England, and at some time moved residence to Warrington.
Dutton was wanted by Greater Manchester Police and the Serious Organised Crime Agency. He was captured by police in Thessaloniki, Greece on 27 December 2015 as part of the National Crime Agency's Operation Captura.
# Old Colony History Museum

The Old Colony History Museum (OCHM) is located at 66 Church Green in Taunton, Bristol County, Massachusetts, United States. Since 1926, the museum has occupied the historic former Bristol Academy school building. The building was designed in 1852 by Richard Upjohn, architect of New York City's Trinity Church, and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places as part of the Church Green Historic District. The museum was previously located in the former Union Mission Chapel on Cedar Street.

## Collections

The Old Colony History Museum is home to an extensive collection of regional objects and archives and a research library specializing in local history and genealogy. Its parent organization, the Old Colony Historical Society, was founded on May 4, 1853, making it one of New England's oldest historical societies.
The organization maintains a research library specializing in the genealogy of Southeastern Massachusetts and local history, a museum of objects associated with the history of the Taunton area, and educational programs that are open to the public.
The museum maintains an online archive of materials relating to Taunton manufacturer Reed & Barton.

## Events

Each autumn, the Museum holds a Liberty and Union Festival to commemorate the events of October 1774, and to celebrate the Taunton Flag. The 250th anniversary of the flag raising was observed in October 2024.
# Little Satilla River (Atlantic Ocean)

The Little Satilla River (formerly the St. Illa River) is a 22.6-mile-long (36.4 km) tidal river that forms the boundary between Glynn and Camden counties in the U.S. state of Georgia. It is a separate river from the Little Satilla River, 20 miles (32 km) to the northwest, which is a freshwater tributary of the Satilla River.
The Rural Felicity Plantation formerly stood near the southern banks of the river.