OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 1863 in animation

Events in 1863 in animation.

## Events

* January 1: On 1 January 1863, The Illustrated London News reported on a magic lantern production of Cinderella at the Royal Polytechnic Institution, in which the showman Henry Langdon Childe was involved in painting slides, following the designs of Henry George Hine.

## Births
### April

* April 29: William Randolph Hearst, American film producer, newspaper publisher, and politician, (founder and owner of the animation studio International Film Service, produced animated adaptations of the comic strips Krazy Kat, The Katzenjammer Kids, And Her Name Was Maud, Happy Hooligan, Jerry on the Job, Bringing Up Father, Abie the Agent, and Judge Rummy), (d. 1951).
* April 30: Max Skladanowsky, German businessman, filmmaker, and inventor, (he performed dissolving magic lantern shows, for which he developed special multi-lens devices that allowed simultaneous projection of up to nine separate image sequences. He invented the Bioscop movie projector. He produced flip books and 3-D anaglyph image slides, (d. 1939).

### December

* December 20: Agnes Deans Cameron, Canadian adventurer, educator, and travel writer, (the first white woman to reach the Arctic Ocean, Cameron then traveled extensively as a lecturer, showing magic lantern slides of her photographic images from her journey to the Arctic), (d. 1912).

### Specific date unknown

* Charles Barker Howdill, English architect, photographer, and traveler, (he gave hundreds of illustrated magic lantern lectures about his journeys. He was among the first photographers to exhibit colour photographs at the Royal Photographic Society), (d. 1941).
# Chapel Amble

Chapel Amble (Cornish: Amaleglos, meaning church on the river Amble) is a village in the civil parish of St Kew, north Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. It is situated 2 miles (3.2 km) north of Wadebridge next to the River Amble, a tributary of the River Camel. The oldest part of the village lies on rising ground facing south-east across the river.

## History

Despite being a small village, Chapel Amble appeared in the national press in 2002 after the murder of a local farmer. The fact that a newspaper reporter was a local resident probably assisted in this receiving so much attention. The article dates the village back to at least 1373, although the earliest written mention of Chapel Amble is in the Domesday Book where 'Amal' was held by Thurstan from Robert, Count of Mortain.
The earliest record of the name "Amaleglos" is in 1284. The name "Amble" is derived from the Cornish "Amal", i.e. "edge" or "boundary" and is the name of a tributary of the Camel. As "eglos" is the Cornish for "church" there must already have been a chapel here; in 1383 a chapel of St Aldhelm was licensed.
Despite the indications of an earlier chapel, a Methodist society started in Chapel Amble in 1784 and 50 years later had 30 members. There were groups of two different streams of Methodism; Bible Christians and the United Methodist Free Church, and as a result there were two separate Methodist chapels in the village with a total capacity of 250. The chapels, which are both Grade II listed, closed between 1987 and 1991 and have since been converted for residential use. Apart from the old chapels, there are three other listed building in Chapel Amble. The oldest is an 18th-century house in the village itself, and slightly later are the old forge and a 19th-century barn located across the river from the village.

## River Amble

The River Amble was once navigable up to the village on high spring tides, with seaweed, sand and coal being taken up to the village and grain brought out again.
Access to the River Amble for vessels is not now possible after construction of the tidal barrage which prevents the tide entering the river in 1963. The area at the foot of the slope below the village was once known as "the beach" and was used for leisure activities such as cricket.
Despite the tidal barrage preventing salt water from being pushed up by the tide, this low-lying area regularly floods in winter and this plus the wet meadows around the River Amble near the village are good for birdwatching, with the location regularly appearing on lists of bird sightings published by the Cornwall Birdwatching and Preservation Society
# Thavil

A thavil (Tamil:தவில்) or tavil is a barrel-shaped percussion instrument from Tamil Nadu. It is also widely used in other South Indian states (Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, Telangana) as well as in the North and East of Sri Lanka (in the Tamil majority area called Tamil Eelam). It is used in temple, folk and Carnatic music, often accompanying the nadaswaram. The thavil and the nadaswaram are essential components of traditional festivals and ceremonies in South India.
In folk music contexts, a pair of wider, slimmer sticks are sometimes used. Thanjavur is famous for thavil, so called Thanjavur Thavil. In Tamil Filmi songs thavils are mostly used, Notable movies: "Thillaanaa Mohanambal", "Paruthiveeran", "Karagattakaran", "Sarvam Thaala Mayam".

## History

Thavil is a traditional musical instrument of the ancient city of Thanjavur in Tamil Nadu. It is an integral part of the Carnatic music in Thanjavur. It is mostly made in Thanjavur and Valayapatti.

## Physical components

The thavil consists of a cylindrical shell hollowed out of a solid block of jackfruit wood. Layers of animal skin (water buffalo on the right, goat on the left) are stretched across the two sides of the shell using hemp hoops attached to the shell. The right face of the instrument has a larger diameter than the left side, and the right drum head is stretched very tightly, while the left drum head is kept loose to allow pitch bending. The larger face is higher in pitch than the smaller face.
The modern Thavil has a corpus that is bordered by a steel ring coated in plastic on which the two skins are fixed by metal straps. Both skins can be separately tuned.

## Methods of use and posture

The instrument is either played while sitting, or hung by a cloth strap (called nadai) from the shoulder of the player. The right head is played with the right hand, wrist and fingers. The player usually wears thumb caps on all the fingers of the right hand, made of hardened glue from maida flour. The left head is played with a short, thick stick made from the wood of the portia tree. It is not uncommon for left-handed players to use the opposite hands, and some nadaswaram groups feature both a right- and a left-handed thavil player.

## Veteran thavilists

Some master thavil players:
* Thirumulaivayil Muthuveer pillai
* Thirumulaivayil Shanmugavadivel pillai
* Valangaiman A. Shanmugasundaram Pillai
* Kalaimamani Thirucherai.T.G.Muthukumaraswamy Pillai
* Valayapatti A. R. Subramaniam
* Haridwaramangalam A. K. Palanivel
* Vellore Dr. P.R.M. Venkateshan
* Dakshinamoorthy - Jaffna or Yaazhpaanam, Shri Lanka
* Needamangalam Meenakshi Sundaram Pillai
* Thirunageshwaram Subramanian Pillai
* Bhusurapalli Adisheshaiah
* Iluppur Panchami
* Kumbakonam Thangavel Pillai
* Natchiarkoil Raghava Pillai
* Perumpallam P Venkatesan
* Needamangalam Shanmugavadivel
* Valangaiman Shanmugasundaram Pillai
* Thiruvalaputhur T A Kaliyamurthy
* Tanjore T R Govindaraj
* Shanmugam Thavil - Puducherry
* Thiruppungur T G Muthukumarasamy
* Mannaarkudi Thiru M.R.Vasudevan
* Thirumaignanam Narayanasamy Pillai
* Valiyambakkam V.M Ganapathy
* Gurumurthy Pandithar - Adelaide
# List of The Colbert Report episodes

Commented out: [[Image:Colbert Report logo.png|right|250px|The Colbert Report]]
The Colbert Report is a late-night series that aired nightly on Comedy Central. Hosted by Stephen Colbert, it was produced by Colbert, Jon Stewart, and Ben Karlin and revolved around Colbert playing the role of a populist blowhard journalist character, similar to his role on The Daily Show. In The Colbert Report, the former correspondent became the host of his own parody of media pundit programs, such as The O'Reilly Factor and Hannity and Colmes.
There are a number of noteworthy recurring elements in most episodes of The Colbert Report. Many episodes feature "The Wørd" of the day, which serves as a theme for a monologue early in the episode. Each has a studio guest later in the episode, and each begins with a brief summary of what the episode will contain, followed by an introductory phrase and then by the theme music. This introductory phrase very often inserts the word truth into a common phrase, such as "Apply Truth liberally to the inflamed area," or says "this is The Colbert Report," though there are exceptions.
# James Millar (artist)

James Millar (c. 1735 – 5 December 1805) was an English portrait painter.
Born in Birmingham, Millar is recorded in the town's Poor Law levy books in 1763 but was to become the leading Birmingham portrait painter of the last quarter of the 18th century. Subjects of his portraits include John Baskerville, Francis Eginton, John Freeth and the wife of Lunar Society of Birmingham member Thomas Day.
Millar's approach was strongly influenced by the Midlands Enlightenment – one of his works depicts allegories of wisdom, and symbols of science and the arts in the shadow of the tower of Birmingham's St. Philip's Church.
Millar exhibited at the Royal Academy and the Society of Artists in London between 1771 and 1790, and examples of his work are held by the Fitzwilliam Museum in Cambridge, Wolverhampton Art Gallery, Lichfield Guildhall, the Royal Society, the Cowper and Newton Museum, and the National Portrait Gallery, London.
# Flaugherty Run

Flaugherty Run is a tributary of the Ohio River in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania, in the United States. It is approximately 4.3 miles (6.9 km) long and flows through Moon Township, Allegheny County, Pennsylvania and Crescent, Pennsylvania. The watershed of the stream has an area of 8.86 square miles (22.9 km$^2$).

## Course

Flaugherty Run begins in Moon Township, generally following Flaugherty Run Rd. and then McGovern Blvd. It flows northeast and reaches its confluence with the Ohio River at the Glenwillard Boat Club in Glenwillard.

### Tributaries

Flaugherty Run has several named tributaries. In order from source to mouth, they are Becks Run, Boggs Run, and Spring Run It also has several unnamed tributaries.

## Geography and geology

The elevation near the mouth of Flaugherty Run is 682 feet (208 m) above sea level. The elevation of the stream's source is about 1,075 feet (328 m) above sea level.

## Watershed

The watershed of Flaugherty Run has an area of 8.86 square miles (22.9 km$^2$).

## History

At one point, Flaugherty Run crosses Brodhead Road, a road originally created by and subsequently named after General Daniel Brodhead when travelling between Fort Pitt (Pennsylvania) and Fort McIntosh (Pennsylvania) during the American Revolutionary War. During the war, a soldier that stood post at the stream for several weeks died. The soldier's name was Flaugherty, and the stream was thusly named. Flaugherty Run was entered into the Geographic Names Information System on August 2, 1979. Its identifier in the Geographic Names Information System is 1188258.
# Henry Niño

Henry Niño Gómez (born 3 October 1997) is a Nicaraguan professional footballer who plays as a defender for Liga Primera club Real Estelí and the Nicaragua national team.

## International career

He played for Nicaragua at the 2017 CONCACAF Gold Cup.

### International goals

    Scores and results list Nicaragua's goal tally first.
| No. | Date | Venue | Opponent | Score | Result | Competition |
| 1. | 8 September 2018 | Arnos Vale Stadium, Arnos Vale, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 1–0 | 2–0 | 2019–20 CONCACAF Nations League qualification |
# Ibrahim Danishmand

Syed Ibrāhīm Dānishmand (Bengali: সৈয়দ ইব্রাহীম দানিশমন্দ, Persian: سید ابراهیم دانشمند) was a 16th-century zamindar and Islamic scholar who belonged to the Qadiriyya Sufi order. Well respected during his lifetime, Danishmand was considered an expert in several Islamic and secular subjects. He is believed to be among the first of the Qadiriyya order to have operated and preached in Bengal.

## Early life

Born into a Syed family, there are differing opinions on the exact origins of Danishmand, with one suggestion being that he was a native of Persia who migrated to Bengal in the 16th century. It may therefore be possible that he was among the many Syeds who were invited from Central Asia and Persia by the Sultan of Bengal, Alauddin Husain Shah, to aid in the administration of his kingdom.
Alternatively, historian Achyut Charan Choudhury states that he was a great-grandson of the Sufi general Syed Nasiruddin and belonged to the Syeds of Taraf, a land owning family who had had a presence in Bengal since the 13th century.

## Life

A prolific writer, Syed Ibrahim was learned in many areas of Islam, though he was particularly focused on tasawwuf (Islamic mysticism). For his knowledge he was styled Danishmand (wise), the title he is most commonly associated with. Under Danishmand’s guidance, the Hindu Rajput nobleman Kalidas Gazdani converted to Islam. Gazdani took the name Sulaiman Khan and later became the father of the famous Isa Khan, who led the Baro-Bhuyan in rebellion against the Mughal Empire.
Syed Ibrahim was also a noted scholar in the Persian and Arabic languages. He was recognised for these achievements by the Emperor of Delhi, from whom he received the title Malik al-Ulama (King of Scholars), and was also known by the honorific Qutb-ul-Ashiqeen (Pivot of Lovers). At some point, Danishmand was granted land tax-free in Sonargaon by the Sultan of Bengal, later transferring there from his previous holdings in Taraf in Greater Sylhet. Here, he established a khanqah from which he preached Islam. This practise was continued by his descendants as well as his spiritual successors.
He was buried in Sonargaon, near the 15th century Fath Shah Mosque in a tomb complex he shares with several family members and other Islamic figures. It is considered a sacred site and is commonly visited by devotees.

## Family

Many sources state that Syed Ibrahim was married to the Sultan of Bengal's eldest daughter, whose name may have been Raushan Akhtar Banu. However, there is some disagreement about the exact identity of this sultan. Suggestions include the last Ilyas Shahi ruler Jalaluddin Fateh Shah, as well as Alauddin Husain Shah or his son Ghiyasuddin Mahmud Shah, both of the Hussain Shahi dynasty. Through this marriage Syed Ibrahim had four sons: Musa, Isa, Yusuf and Ishaq. He also had a daughter (or granddaughter) named Fatima Bibi, who later became the wife of Isa Khan and the probable mother to his son Musa Khan.
His descendants remained important zamindars in Sonargaon, and among them is the historian Syed Muhammed Taifoor.
# Rembrandt Group

The Rembrandt Group, officially known as Rembrandt Trust (Proprietary) Limited, is a South African tobacco and industrial conglomerate founded by tycoon Anton Rupert who oversaw its eventual transition to the industrial and luxury branded goods sectors. Rembrandt was split into Remgro (an investment company with financial, mining and industrial interests) and Richemont (a Swiss-based luxury goods group).

## History

Rupert launched the group in 1948 when he was working as a chemistry lecturer at the University of Pretoria, purchased two small cigarette-making machines, and was granted a concession to sell cigarettes.
Rupert originally established the tobacco company "Voorbrand" in the 1940s. He soon renamed it Rembrandt Ltd. The first Rembrandt cigarettes were manufactured in an old flour mill in Paarl. Four years later Rupert introduced the world to the first king-sized cigarette filter. It was a wild success and it was on the back of this and a R1,5 million loan from Sanlam that Rembrandt's vast overseas empire was built. In 1968, it incorporated Remgro as an investment holding company with interests in financial, mining and industrial interests.
By 1972, the group was producing 1/15 of all cigarettes sold worldwide. However, the group's international subsidiaries were not consolidated, nor were the group's financial results. Rothmans International was created in 1972 to engage that consolidation. It created the fifth largest producer of cigarettes worldwide. The cash generated from the sale of tobacco was invested to diversify the group's assets (mining and metals, energy and banking). The group sold its US tobacco assets, Liggett, in 1978. Profit from tobacco and liquor dropped from 84.4% in 1979 to 72% in 1980, when the group still operated 64 cigarette factories in 26 countries.
Rupert's group had also created a development bank with the Union Bank of Switzerland which financed loans and investments in 19 African countries.
In 1988, the Rembrandt group founded the Swiss luxury goods company, Richemont, which in turn acquired Rembrandt's shares in Rothmans. Richemont also owns such luxury brands as Cartier (jewellery); Alfred Dunhill and Sulka (designer clothing); Seeger (leather bags); Piaget, Baume & Mercier and Vacheron Constantin (Swiss watches) and Montblanc (pens). In 1995 Rembrandt and Richemont consolidated their respective tobacco interests into Rothmans International, which was at the time the world's fourth largest cigarette manufacturer. In 1999, Rothmans International was acquired by British American Tobacco for $7.5 billion.
# Martin Patzelt

Martin Patzelt (born 23 July 1947) is a German politician of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU) who served as a member of the Bundestag from the state of Brandenburg from 2013 until 2021.

## Political career

Patzelt first became a member of the Bundestag in the 2013 German federal election. Throughout his time in parliament, he was a member of the Committee on Human Rights and Humanitarian Aid and the Committee on Family, Senior Citizens, Women and Youth. He attracted attention for taking two Eritrean refugees into his home in the wake of the 2015 European migrant crisis.
Following the 2017 elections, Patzelt announced that he would not stand in the 2021 elections but instead resign from active politics by the end of the parliamentary term.

## Political positions

In June 2017, Patzelt voted against Germany's introduction of same-sex marriage.
Ahead of the Christian Democrats’ leadership election in 2018, Patzelt publicly opposed Friedrich Merz’s candidacy to succeed Angela Merkel as the party’s chair. In 2019, he joined 14 members of his parliamentary group who, in an open letter, called for the party to rally around Merkel and party chairwoman Annegret Kramp-Karrenbauer amid criticism voiced by Merz and Roland Koch.
In September 2020, Patzelt was one of 15 members of his parliamentary group who joined Norbert Röttgen in writing an open letter to Minister of the Interior Horst Seehofer which called on Germany and other EU counties to take in 5000 immigrants who were left without shelter after fires gutted the overcrowded Mória Reception and Identification Centre on the Greek island of Lesbos.
# Diego López de Zúñiga (theologian)

    To be distinguished from Diego de Zúñiga of Salamanca (1536–1597)
Diego López de Zúñiga, Latin: Jacobus Lopis Stunica (ca. 1470 in Estremadura - 1531 in Naples) was a Spanish humanist and biblical scholar noted for his controversies with Erasmus and Lefèvre d'Etaples and leadership of the team of editors for the Complutensian Polyglot Bible. He was born around 1470 in Extremadura, to an aristocratic family; his brother Íñigo López de Mendoza y Zúñiga was a diplomat for Charles V of Spain.
He was a pupil of Arias Barbosa at the University of Salamanca. In 1502 Cardinal Jiménez de Cisneros recruited him for the team that would produce the Complutensian Polyglot.
López de Zúñiga controverted Erasmus on a number of points of Biblical translation. A contemporary view is that, while at times he defended the Latin Vulgate excessively, he made valid points in some other cases and showed up deficiencies of Erasmus who lacked the same command of Hebrew and Aramaic.

## Works

* Annotationes Iacobi Lopidis Stunicae contra Erasmum Roterodamum in defensionem tralationis Novi Testamenti
# Broomhill Hospital

Broomhill Hospital was a health facility in Kirkintilloch, East Dunbartonshire, Scotland.

## History

The hospital, which was financed by a donation from Beatrice Clugston as a facility for incurable patients such as those with cancer, opened in 1876. The Lanfine Home for patients with tuberculosis was added in 1904. After joining the National Health Service in 1948, the hospital continued to care for chronically ill patients until it closed in 1995. The buildings, other than an old gatehouse, have been demolished and planning consent has been given for the site to be redeveloped for residential use.
# Little Boy Lost (novel)

Little Boy Lost is a dramatic novel by Marghanita Laski that was published in 1949. It was republished in 2001 by Persephone Books.

## Plot

The novel focuses on Hilary Wainwright, an English man, on the search for his lost son in the ruins of post-war France. Hilary at first resents the child he finds because it interferes with memories of his late wife.

## Film, TV or theatrical adaptations

A motion picture version of the same title starring Bing Crosby was released in 1953.

## Reception

In 1949 Kirkus Reviews found Little Boy Lost "An inescapably affecting story where sentiment is edged by bitterness", while in 2001 Nicholas Lezard of The Guardian wrote "If you like a novel that expertly puts you through the wringer, this is the one." and "This is haunting stuff."
# Troy Danaskos

Troy Danaskos (born 20 November 1991) is an Australian professional footballer who currently played as a defender for St George FC.
His father Tony Danaskos played in the NSL for St George FC.
# James Proctor (footballer)

James F. Proctor (born 1892) was a professional footballer, who played for Huddersfield Town and Leicester Fosse.
# Talkeetna River

The Talkeetna River (Taa’i Na’ in Ahtna; K'dalkitnu in Dena'ina) is a river in Alaska.

## History

Tanaina Indian name reported in 1898 to mean "river of plenty" by G. H. Eldridge and Robert Muldrow, United States Geological Survey. or as K'dalkitnu (″food is stored river″).
Also known as:
* Talkeet River
* Talkeetno River
* Talkutna River

## Watershed

Heads at Talkeetna Glacier in Talkeetna Mountains at 62°11′00″N 148°29′00″W﻿ / ﻿62.18333°N 148.48333°W﻿ / 62.18333; -148.48333, flows North-West and South-West to Susitna River at Talkeetna, Alaska; Cook Inlet Low.