OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 2012 Fed Cup Europe/Africa Zone Group I – Pool B

Group B of the 2012 Fed Cup Europe/Africa Zone Group I was one of four pools in the Europe/Africa zone of the 2012 Fed Cup. Three teams competed in a round robin competition, with the top team and the bottom team proceeding to their respective sections of the play-offs: the top team played for advancement to the World Group II Play-offs, while the bottom team faced potential relegation to Group II.
| | | SWE | HUN | GRE | BIH | RR W–L | Set W–L | Game W–L | Standings |
| 19 | Sweden | | 2–1 | 2–1 | 3–0 | 3–0 | 10–3 | 73–37 | 1 |
| 34 | Hungary | 1–2 | | 3–0 | 2–1 | 2–1 | 9–4 | 107–82 | 2 |
| 39 | Greece | 1–2 | 0–3 | | 0–3 | 0–3 | 1–12 | 46–79 | 4 |
| 45 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 0–3 | 1–2 | 3–0 | | 1–2 | 16–10 | 77–96 | 3 |

## Sweden vs. Bosnia and Herzegovina

| Sweden 3 | Municipal Tennis Club, Eilat, Israel February 1, 2012 Hard (outdoors) | Municipal Tennis Club, Eilat, Israel February 1, 2012 Hard (outdoors) | Bosnia and Herzegovina 0 |
| 1 2 3 1 Sofia Arvidsson Jelena Stanivuk 6 1 6 0     2 Johanna Larsson Anita Husarić 6 2 6 1     3 Sofia Arvidsson / Johanna Larsson Jelena Stanivuk / Jasmina Tinjić 6 2 6 3 ||||

## Hungary vs. Greece

| Hungary 3 | Municipal Tennis Club, Eilat, Israel February 1, 2012 Hard (outdoors) | Municipal Tennis Club, Eilat, Israel February 1, 2012 Hard (outdoors) | Greece 0 |
| 1 2 3 1 Réka-Luca Jani Maria Sakkari 6 4 7 5     2 Tímea Babos Despina Papamichail 6 4 6 0     3 Tímea Babos / Katalin Marosi Despina Papamichail / Agni Stefanou 6 2 6 4 ||||

## Sweden vs. Hungary

| Sweden 2 | Municipal Tennis Club, Eilat, Israel February 2, 2012 Hard (outdoors) | Municipal Tennis Club, Eilat, Israel February 2, 2012 Hard (outdoors) | Hungary 1 |
| 1 2 3 1 Sofia Arvidsson Réka-Luca Jani 6 4 6 3     2 Johanna Larsson Tímea Babos 5 7 5 7     3 Sofia Arvidsson / Johanna Larsson Tímea Babos / Réka-Luca Jani 7$^{11}$ 6$^9$ 2 6 6 4 ||||

## Greece vs. Bosnia and Herzegovina

| Greece 0 | Municipal Tennis Club, Eilat, Israel February 2, 2012 Hard (outdoors) | Municipal Tennis Club, Eilat, Israel February 2, 2012 Hard (outdoors) | Bosnia and Herzegovina 3 |
| 1 2 3 1 Maria Sakkari Anita Husarić 4 6 4 6     2 Despina Papamichail Jasmina Tinjić 6$^7$ 7$^9$ 2 6     3 Despina Papamichail / Maria Sakkari Jelena Stanivuk / Jasmina Tinjić 4 6 7 5 0 6 ||||

## Sweden vs. Greece

| Sweden 2 | Municipal Tennis Club, Eilat, Israel February 3, 2012 Hard (outdoors) | Municipal Tennis Club, Eilat, Israel February 3, 2012 Hard (outdoors) | Greece 1 |
| 1 2 3 1 Ellen Allgurin Maria Sakkari 6 1 6 2     2 Hilda Melander Despina Papamichail 4 6 4 6     3 Ellen Allgurin / Hilda Melander Despina Papamichail / Agni Stefanou 6 1 6 2 ||||

## Hungary vs. Bosnia and Herzegovina

| Hungary 2 | Municipal Tennis Club, Eilat, Israel February 3, 2012 Hard (outdoors) | Municipal Tennis Club, Eilat, Israel February 3, 2012 Hard (outdoors) | Bosnia and Herzegovina 1 |
| 1 2 3 1 Réka-Luca Jani Anita Husarić 3 6 6 1 6 2   2 Tímea Babos Jasmina Tinjić 4 6 2 6     3 Tímea Babos / Réka-Luca Jani Jelena Stanivuk / Jasmina Tinjić 6 1 6 4 ||||
# Stefan Schmid

Stefan Schmid (born 6 July 1970 in Würzburg) is a German decathlete. His personal best result was 8485 points, achieved in July 2000 in Ratingen.

## Achievements

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Notes |
| Representing Germany |||||
| 1991 | Hypo-Meeting | Götzis, Austria | 9th | 7779 pts |
| 1994 | Hypo-Meeting | Götzis, Austria | 3rd | 8201 pts |
| 1994 | European Championships | Helsinki, Finland | 5th | 8109 pts |
| 1997 | World Championships | Athens, Greece | 7th | 8360 pts |
| 1998 | European Championships | Budapest, Hungary | 14th | 8011 pts |
| 2000 | Hypo-Meeting | Götzis, Austria | 8th | 8445 pts |
| 2000 | Olympic Games | Sydney, Australia | 9th | 8206 pts |
| 2001 | World Championships | Edmonton, Canada | 7th | 8307 pts |
# Unity State

Unity State, also known as Western Upper Nile, is a state in South Sudan. Unity State is in the Greater Upper Nile region. Unity is inhabited predominantly by two ethnic groups: the Nuer majority, and the Dinka minority.
In 2015, a presidential decree established a new system of 28 states, replacing the previously established 10. Unity State was replaced by the states of Ruweng, Northern Liech and Southern Liech. Unity State was re-established by a peace agreement signed on 22 February 2020 with smaller boundaries as the northern part of the former state became the Ruweng Administrative Area.

## Administrative divisions

The capital of Unity state is Bentiu. Before an administrative reorganization in 1994, Unity was part of a much larger province of Upper Nile, and the state was sometimes called Western Upper Nile.
The counties of Unity are:
* Guit County
* Koch County
* Leer County
* Mayiandit County
* Mayom County
* Panyijar County
* Rubkona County
Large towns in Unity include Bentiu, Mayom, Rubkona and Leer.
Other towns include Riangnom, Rub-Koni, Yoahnyang, Tam, Mankien, Wang-Kay, Koch, Nyal and Ganyliel.

## Economy

Agriculture is the state's primary economic activity. Many people of the state are nomadic agro-pastoralists who engage in both agriculture and rearing of livestock, especially cattle. Farming is primarily conducted during the rainy season, although some cultivation also occurs during summer. Vegetables are not widely cultivated, as most farmers are rural rather than urban, and therefore lack access to markets for their produce. Some NGOs have introduced farmers to the practice of cultivation for market.

## Oil fields

Southern Sudan's first oil reserves were discovered in the area during the 1970s. The international oil companies which engaged in oil exploration contributed to massive displacement of the indigenous population.
Oilfields in the state include the Unity oilfield and most of Block 5A. The Unity oilfield is within the largest hydrocarbon accumulation in the Muglad rift basin and contains an estimated 150,000,000 barrels (24,000,000 m$^3$) of oil.
The Greater Nile Oil Pipeline begins in the Unity oilfield.
# Hackett (clothing brand)

Hackett Limited is a British multi-channel retailer of clothing for men and boys, with a broad range of apparel and accessories. It was founded in 1983 in London, England. As of June 2019, the company had 160 stores globally, with its flagship store at 14 Savile Row in London. It is owned by both Lebanese holding company M1 Group and American L Capital Asia (Part of L Catterton)

## History

Hackett was founded in 1983 by Jeremy Hackett and Ashley Lloyd-Jennings from a stall on London's Portobello Road. The first shop, on the "wrong end" of King's Road, in London's Chelsea district, was selling only used clothes.
The company gradually expanded over several years, increasing the number of branches and moving from acquiring and selling second-hand clothing to designing and selling its own items. International expansion began with the 1989 opening of a Spanish branch in Madrid. In 1994, Hackett opened a shop on the Rive Gauche in Paris before adding children’s clothes to its collection a year later.
In June 2005, Richemont sold Hackett to the Spanish investment company Torreal S.C.R., S.A. Hackett appointed American creative director Michael Sondag, who joined Hackett from Tommy Hilfiger in 2005.
In February 2015, Hackett (part of the Pepe Jeans Group) was bought by Lebanese firm M1 Group and by LVMH subsidiary L Capital Asia. Hackett and Pepe Jeans were previously owned by Torreal Funds (31 percent), Artá Capital (16.4 percent), L Capital Europe (11.5 percent) and its managers. Hackett became the official clothing supplier to the Williams Martini Racing team, from the 2015 season onwards.
The company's flagship store at 14 Savile Row in London was previously a Hardy Amies shop from 1946 until March 2019; the space was taken over by Hackett in June 2019.
# Straighthead Creek

Straighthead Creek is a stream in Haakon County in the U.S. state of South Dakota. It is a tributary of the Cheyenne River.
Straighthead Creek has the name of Straighthead, a local member of the Sioux tribe.
# Marcelijus Martinaitis

Marcelijus Teodoras Martinaitis (1 April 1936 – 5 April 2013) was a Lithuanian poet, essayist, translator.

## Biography

Marcelijus Martinaitis born in a peasants family in Paserbentys village (now liquidated) in Raseiniai District Municipality. His brother Algirdas Martinaitis is a composer. Marcelijus Martinaitis graduated septennial school in Gerviniai. Later, he studied in Kaunas Polytechnical School. After the graduation in 1956, he worked as a communications worker, later as an editor in the newspaper Stalinietis of Raseiniai District. Martinaitis graduated from the History and Philology department of Vilnius University in 1964. Afterwards, he worked mostly at various magazines (Jaunimo gretos, Komjaunimo tiesa, etc.). In 1980, he began teaching Lithuanian literature at Vilnius University.
Martinaitis was an active member of the pro-independence Sąjūdis. He was elected to the Supreme Soviet of the Lithuanian SSR in 1989. Later, he was a committee member of the Lithuanian National Prize for Culture and Arts.

## Works

Martinaitis began publishing his poetry in 1955, and his first poetry book Balandžio sniegas ('April Snow') was published in 1962. Early works were mostly written in social realism style but with the publication of Saulės grąža ('Return of the Sun') in 1969 Martinaitis began to develop his own style. It was a combination of the modern and archaic poetry styles, attention was paid to the perishing agricultural traditions, archaic worldview. One of the most famous his works was a ballad selection Kukučio baladės ('Hoopoe ballads') where Martinaitis employs Kukutis character - a clown, trickster who using his grotesque, ironical way of speaking reveals forbidden trues. For his work Toli nuo rugių ('Far from Rye', 1982) Martinaitis was awarded to the Lithuanian SSR State Prize. Later, after the Lithuanian independence, he wrote chiefly essays, memoirs, published his diaries (Prilenktas prie savo gyvenimo, 'Bended to the Own Life', 1998; Mes gyvenome, 'We Have Lived', 2009).
He also wrote several puppet-plays (Pelenų antelė in 1971, Avinėlio teismas in 1976, Žemės duktė in 1981), edited and published an anthology of Paulius Širvys (Ir nusinešė saulę miškai, 1984), an album dedicated to folk wood-carver Ipolitas Užkurnys. Martinaitis translated poetry of Marina Tsvetayeva, Mārtins Čaklais, Simon Chikovani, Juan Ramón Jiménez, José Martí, Pablo Neruda, Paul-Eerik Rummo, Tomas Tranströmer, among the others. Together with film director Gytis Lukšas, he wrote the script for film Yesterday and Forever.

## Awards

* Poetry Spring in 1975
* Lithuanian SSR State Prize in 1984
* Literature Prize of Paulius Širvys in 1995
* Order of the Lithuanian Grand Duke Gediminas (4th degree) in 1995
* Lithuanian National Prize for Culture and Arts in 1998
* Independence Medal in 2000
* Institute of the Lithuanian Literature and the Folklore Prize in 2009
* Literature Prize of Žemaitė in 2010
* Literature Prize of Juozas Paukštelis in 2011
# Bezjak

Bezjak is a South Slavic surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Marko Bezjak (born 1986), Slovenian handball player
* Roman Bezjak (born 1989), Slovenian footballer
* Tatiana Bezjak (born 1971), Croatian sculptor and writer
* Zvonko Bezjak (1935–2022), Croatian hammer thrower
# Salis-Seewis

Salis-Seewis may refer to:

## People

* Johann von Salis-Seewis (1862–1940), Austro-Hungarian military officer
* Johann Gaudenz von Salis-Seewis (1762–1834), Swiss poet

## Other

* Count de Salis-Seewis, a primogenitive title.
# Levínská Olešnice

Levínská Olešnice is a municipality and village in Semily District in the Liberec Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 300 inhabitants.

## Administrative division

Levínská Olešnice consists of two municipal parts (in brackets population according to the 2021 census):
* Levínská Olešnice (276)
* Žďár (64)

## Notable people

* Ladislav Zívr (1909–1980), sculptor; died here
# Dog whistle

A dog whistle (also known as silent whistle or Galton's whistle) is a type of whistle that emits sound in the ultrasonic range, which humans cannot hear but some other animals can, including dogs and domestic cats, and is used in their training. It was invented in 1876 by Francis Galton and is mentioned in his book Inquiries into Human Faculty and Its Development, in which he describes experiments to test the range of frequencies that could be heard by various animals, such as a house cat.
The upper limit of the human hearing range is about 20 kilohertz (kHz) for children, declining to 15–17 kHz for middle-age adults. The top end of a dog's hearing range is about 45 kHz, while a cat's is 64 kHz. It is thought that the wild ancestors of cats and dogs evolved this higher hearing range in order to hear high-frequency sounds made by their preferred prey, small rodents. The frequency of most dog whistles is within the range of 23 to 54 kHz, so they are above the range of human hearing, although some are adjustable down into the audible range.
To human ears, dog whistles only emit a quiet hissing sound. The principal advantage of dog whistles is that they do not produce a loud, potentially irritating noise for humans that a normal whistle would produce and thus can be used to train or command animals without disturbing nearby people. Some dog whistles have adjustable sliders for active control of the frequency produced. Trainers may use the whistle simply to get a dog's attention or to inflict pain for the purpose of behaviour modification.
In addition to lung-powered whistles, there are also electronic dog whistle devices that emit ultrasonic sound via piezoelectric emitters. The electronic variety are sometimes coupled with bark-detection circuits in an effort to curb barking behaviour. This kind of whistle can also be used to determine the hearing range for people and for physics demonstrations requiring ultrasonic sounds.
# Music of the Aosta Valley

Music of Italy :
Timeline :
General topics :
Opera houses
Music conservatories
Terminology :
Genres :
Classical (Opera)
Pop
Rock (Hardcore · New Wave · Progressive rock)
Disco
House
Dance
Folk
Hip hop
Jazz :
Specific forms :
Gregorian chant :
Media and performance :
Nationalistic and patriotic songs :
Regional music :
vte :
The development of music in the Aosta Valley region of Italy reflects the multilingual make-up of the region including French, Valdôtain and recently Italian.

## History

Similarly to nearby Piedmont and nearby Alpine French-speaking regions (Savoy and Valais), music has much to do with the presence of medieval monasteries that preserved important musical manuscripts from the Middle Ages and also served as conduits of information and influence from areas to the north.

## Folk artists

The main modern singers and songwriters in Aosta Valley are:
* Naïf Hérin, from Quart;
* Louis de Jyaryot, from Ayas;
* Maura Susanna, from Saint-Vincent;
* Magui Bétemps, from Valtournenche.
The traditional Aostan songs in Valdôtain and in French form the core of the activity of the band Trouveur valdotèn.

## Village bands

The tradition of village bands is widely developed in the Valley for all age ranges. All bands gather once a year in Aosta during an event organized by the Federation des harmonies valdôtaines.

## Regional Symphony Orchestra

The city of Aosta is the home of a Youth Symphony and, since 1999, the Orchestre d'harmonie du Val d'Aoste, who regularly gives among others a New Year's concert (Concert du nouvel an) in Pont-Saint-Martin.

## Events

The main musical events in the Aosta Valley are:
* Aosta Classica: in the Aostan Roman Theatre
* Châteaux en musique: in the Savoy Castle, in the Issogne Castle, in the Saint-Pierre Castle, in the Sarre Castle and in the Verrès Castle
* Étoiles et musique
As well, Aosta hosts an International Festival of Chamber Music and an interesting Silent Film Festival with live musical accompaniment.
# Dog bite tug

A bite tug is an important drive and retrieve building tool used in dog training. It is used for police, military and Schutzhund dog training. Bite tugs are perfect for puppies but can be used for training adult dogs as well.
Bite pillows are larger tugs which are used for precision bite work training. They are safer and increase accuracy in bite work.

## Materials

Traditionally, bite tugs are made of leather, jute, fire hose, synthetic fibers, etc. The harder the material, the more effort a dog needs to exert. Durability of a bite tug depends upon the quality of materials used to make it. Natural fabrics like leather and jute are safe and non-toxic. Bite tugs made of natural materials will not endanger a dog's health, the teeth in particular. Bite tugs are heavily stuffed with safe materials. Still, it is recommended not to leave a dog with a bite tug alone because a dog can tear it apart and have serious health problems or choke on the stuffing.

## Size and design

There are various dimensions of dog bite tugs. They vary in length and diameter. Bite tugs can have 1 to 3 handles, or none at all. There are bite tugs with special bags in which treats can be stored.
Usually, a dog trainer chooses a bite tug whose design fits with the trainer's personal preferences.

## Puppy training with a bite tug

Longer bite tugs are used for puppies. The longer the tug, the easier for a puppy to bite it. A two-month-old puppy can be trained with a bite tug. Bite tugs are suitable for obedience training as well. Encouraging a dog for his efforts and attention is always needed. Encouragement can consist of treats or the actual bite tug given as a reward.

## Adult dog training

The smallest tug is suitable for the training of larger, adult dogs. Long tugs will not be as effective since adult dogs can easily grab them. Bite tugs with handles are easy to use. The tug should be moved very fast so that a dog can not get at it. Short quick movements by the trainer make a dog move fast. Exercises of this kind help to develop drive.
# Dagmar Oakland

Dagmar Oakland (born Edna Martine Dagmar Andersen; August 21, 1897 – October 8, 1989) was an American actress of stage and screen from San Francisco, California. Twice she was a member of the Ziegfeld Follies.

## Family

Oakland's parents were Edward Andersen of Fredrikstad, Norway and Anna Marthine Olsen, also of Norway. Her siblings' names were Edward, Herbert (née Hagbart), and Vivien. Her sister performed on Broadway and in motion pictures as Vivien Oakland. After the 1906 San Francisco earthquake, Anna Andersen, a widow since 1898, moved the family to Oakland, California, where the sisters took their stage names.

## Stage

Edna and Vivien appeared in vaudeville as the Anker sisters (an old family name). They changed their surname to Oakland in tribute to their hometown. They performed as the Oakland Sisters in the Boston Juveniles, a vaudeville group.
They traveled the west coast as far as Seattle, Washington. The sisters ended up in New York City, appearing with the Ziegfeld Follies and other shows. In 1915, Oakland began a solo stage career. In November 1924, she had an important role in Heidelberg, the musical version of a play made famous by Richard Mansfield.

## Film career

Beginning in 1930, Oakland performed in Hollywood motion pictures. Her first feature was The Heart Breaker (1930) directed by Edmund Joseph. She was cast with Joan Blondell, Gloria Shea, and Walter Kinsella. She played a reporter in Wedding Present (1936) and a nurse in Hit Parade of 1937. Oakland's film career lasted into the late 1940s with uncredited roles in Tonight and Every Night (1945), Thrill of a Romance (1945), and Riverboat Rhythm (1946).

## Marriage

In 1919, she married Captain Garnette Rotan, who served with distinction in World War I and later wrote as a theatre critic under the name Pierre de Rohan. Their romance began in 1917 when Oakland was playing in a Broadway theater production. They divorced in 1925. The actress became engaged to English actor Thomas Oliver Neville Clark. Clark was deported from America in June 1935 because he overstayed his visitor's permit.
# Katja Schroffenegger

Katja Schroffenegger (born 28 April 1991) is an Italian professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Serie A club Como and the Italy women's national team.

## Club career

She previously played for FC Südtirol in Serie A. On 19 June 2013, she signed with Bayern Munich.

## International career

In April 2011 she made her debut for the Italian national team. She is currently the national team's fourth choice goalkeeper.
# Stefan Schwoch

Stefan Schwoch (born 19 October 1969) is an Italian former professional footballer who played as a striker. He works as sporting director of Vicenza.

## Early life and family

Stefan Schwoch was born in Bolzano, South Tyrol (a predominantly German-speaking province in the north east of the country). His surname is Polish German and inherited from his ethnic German grandfather who emigrated to Italy from Poland during World War II. His mother is Sicilian, born in Palermo.

## Playing career

Schwoch began his career with Meran in the inter-league in 1987. He scored four goals in 25 matches. The following year he signed with Benacense Riva, where he hit nine goals in 31 appearances. He turned professional in 1989 with Serie C2 side Spal 1907. Playing on the wing he scored one goal in 24 games.
Returning to the amateur scene with Crevalcore in 1990, he became top scorer for two consecutive seasons on the team, scoring 12 goals (in 29 games) in the first season, and 18 goals (in 30 games) in the second. This earned him a move back to Serie C2, with Pavia. He scored seven goals (in 29 games) in his first season with the club and 12 goals (in 21 games) the following year. In 1994–95 he was signed to Livorno, again in Serie C2, where he scored 19 goals in 33 matches, leading the team to the playoffs, before the promotion race ended with defeat in Castel di Sangro.
Sold to Ravenna Calcio of Serie C1, he hit 21 goals in 33 games, leading the club to promotion. The following year, in 1996, the Ravenna finished eighth, thanks to the playmaker Lamberto Zauli and Schwoch's eight goals in 38 matches. He then moved on to Venezia, where his 17 goals (in 36 games) helped the team to break into Serie A.
At the age of 30 he made his debut in the top tier. After two goals in 14 games, he returned to Serie B with Napoli in January 1999, where he scored six goals in 22 matches. In the 1999–2000 season, Schwoch hit 22 goals in 35 games, a club record, as the team won promotion to the top-flight. In 2000, Schwoch, signed with Serie B side Torino, scoring eight goals in 31 matches. The following season he hit 13 goals in 31 matches. In 2002–03, he hit 19 goals in 33 games. The next season, he hit seven goals in 24 appearances. In 2004–05, his rediscovered his scoring form, hitting 12 goals (in 35 games), but the team suffered relegation to Serie C1.
Aged 36 he continued to play, but the first part of the 2005–06 season appeared to be his swan song. Suffering with injuries, he made disappointingly few appearances. Yet he recovered by the season's end to once again produce some fine performances.
His form continued in the 2006–07 season, as he became the club's fourth all-time scorer, surpassing the legendary Paolo Rossi.
In 2007–08, his age finally caught up with him, and on 1 June 2008, Schwoch played his last game.

## Post-retirement

On 4 August 2010, he was appointed sporting director of Vicenza.
# Víchová nad Jizerou

Víchová nad Jizerou is a municipality and village in Semily District in the Liberec Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 900 inhabitants. It lies on the Jizera River.

## Administrative division

Víchová nad Jizerou consists of three municipal parts (in brackets population according to the 2021 census):
* Víchová nad Jizerou (578)
* Horní Sytová (214)
* Víchovská Lhota (74)

## History

The first written mention of Víchová nad Jizerou is from 1492.