OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Manipay Hindu College

Manipay Hindu College (Tamil: மானிப்பாய் இந்து கல்லூரி Māṉippāy Intu Kallūri, Sinhala: මනිපායි හින්දු විද්‍යාලය Manipayi Hindu Vidyalaya) is a provincial school in Manipay, Sri Lanka. The college was founded by A. V. Sangarapillai, father of Senator Sir Sangarapillai Pararajasingam.

## Motto, Vision and Mission
### Motto

For God and Country

### Vision

To develop good citizens with social adaptability multi disciplinary abilities.

### Mission

Organising resources and opportunities effectively to attain optional dedicate stage in physical, mental, social and spiritual activities of students.

## Principals

| Year | Name |
| 2024 - date | Mr.T.Thileepkumar (Acting Principal) |
| 2020 - 2024 | Mr.S.Ilango |
| 2018 – 2020 | Mr.S.Indrakumar (Acting Principal) |
| 2015 – 2018 | Mr.S.Indrabala (Acting Principal) |
| 2005 – 2015 | Mr.S.Sivaneswaran |
| 2004 – 2005 | Mr.K.Jeganathan (Acting Principal) |
| 1998 – 2003 | Mr.K.Shanmuganathan |
| 1989 – 1998 | Late Mr.C.Kesavarajan |
| 1983 – 1989 | Late Mr.S.V.Mahesavelu |
| 1983 | Late Mr.V.Suntharalingam (Acting Principal) |
| 1979 – 1983 | Late Mr.S.T.Chari |
| 1972 – 1979 | Late Mr.S.Perairavar |
| 1956 – 1972 | Late Mr.K.Muttuvetpillai |
| 1952 – 1955 | Late Mr.C.Navaratnam |
| 1922 – 1952 | Late Mr.Veerasingham |
| 1921 – 1922 | Late Mr.S.Mayilvakanam (Swami Vipulanndar) |
| 1920 – 1921 | Late Mr.S.Sivapathasundaram (Acting Principal) |
| 1917 – 1920 | Late Mr.T.H.Crossette |
| 1915 – 1917 | Late Mr.T.P.Hudson |
| 1914 – 1915 | Late Mr.M.Sabaratnasinghe (Acting Principal) |
| 1913 – 1914 | Late Mr.G.Shiva Rao |
| 1911 – 1913 | Late Mr.P.Sabapathipillai |
| 1910 – 1911 | Late Mr.S.Veerasamipillai |

## Houses

The students are divided among four houses named Sambandar, Sundarar, Manikkar and Vakeesar.
| House Name | Colour |
| Sundarar | 🟩 Green |
| Sambandar | 🟥 Red |
| Manikkar | 🟦 Blue |
| Vakeesar | 🟨 Yellow |
The houses are named from the four foremost Nayanars (or Nayanmars) of Tamil Hindu saints.
An annual sport of atletics among these houses held in the middle of the first term.

## Old Students Association (OSA)

Manipay Hindu College Old Students Association (OSA) was formed in 1917. The main purpose of the OSA was to keep former pupils in touch with each other and the school.
In 1980, Manipay Hindu College OSA was registered as approved charity under section 31 (9) of Island Revenue Act. (Gazette No 80 of 14/03/1980)
Manipay Hindu College, OSA has branches in Colombo, London, Toronto, Montreal, Sydney and Melbourne.
See also
* Category:People associated with Manipay Hindu College
* List of schools in Northern Province, Sri Lanka
# Ein al-Beida

This page is subject to the extended confirmed restriction related to the Arab-Israeli conflict.
Ein al-Beida (Arabic: عين البيضا) is a Palestinian village of in the Tubas Governorate in the northeastern West Bank. It has a population of about 1,138.

## History

Ceramics from the Byzantine era have been found here.
In the wake of the 1948 Arab–Israeli War, and after the 1949 Armistice Agreements, Ein al-Beida came under Jordanian rule.
Ein al-Beida was reestablished in 1952 by Arab farmers belonging to the Fuquha and Daraghmah families from nearby Tubas who owned farms in the area and decided to establish a village. The village is named after a large spring in the area, Ein al-Beida, which was once used to irrigate the neighboring land.
In the 1961 Jordanian census Ein al-Beida's population was 573.

### Post 1967

Since the Six-Day War in 1967, Ein al-Beida has been under Israeli occupation. The spring nearby which provided some of its farmers with irrigation dried up when the Israeli water company Mekorot drilled a well nearby in order to supply the Israeli settlement of Mehola with water.

## Geography and climate

Ein al-Beida is situated in a plain area on the eastern foothill of the Jordan Valley surrounded by hills and mountains. It is located 15 kilometers northeast of Tubas, bordered by the Jordan River to the east, Bardala to the west, the Green Line to the north and the Israeli settlement of Mehola to the south. The town's elevation is 166 meters below sea level.
The total jurisdiction of the village is 15,000 dunams, constituting 3% of the Tubas Governorate's land. Built-up area accounts for 480 dunams while 8,500 dunams are agricultural or cultivated lands.
Warm weather is characteristic of Ein al-Beida, with hot, dry summers and cold and dry winters. The average rainfall in the village 275 millimeters. The average annual temperature is 21-22 degrees Celsius and the humidity rate is 55%.

## Demographics

Ein al-Beida's population in 1961 was 573, increasing to 791 in 1997. According to a census by the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics (PCBS) in that year, 398 were males and 393 were females. The census also revealed that 42.9% of the inhabitants were younger than 15, 54.1% between the ages of 15 and 64 and 3% above the age of 64. In 2006, Ein al-Beida's population was 1,048 and it was 1,138 by 2017. The Fuquha family represent about 80% of the village residents while the Daraghma represent roughly 20%.

## Government

A village council was established in 1996 to govern Ein al-Beida. It consists of 7 members, including a chairman and holds elections every four years. Responsibilities of the council include administration, planning and development, social services, infrastructural maintenance and utilities.
# Abubakar Garbai of Borno

Abu Bakr bin Ibrahim al-Kanemi (Bukr Garbai, or Abubakar Garbai) CBE, was the Shehu of Bornu from 1902 to 1922.

## Reign

Bukar Garbai (or Abubakar Garbai) ibn Ibrahim was the Shehu of Bornu from 1902 to 1922 and previous to that served as Shehu of Dikwa. In 1907 he founded Yerwa as the capital. Abubakar Garbai was the son of Shehu Ibrahim Kura of Borno and the brother of Shehu Sanda Kura.
* Shehu Abubakar Garbai of Borno by Boyd Alexander in 1906
* The Shehu on his horse wearing quilted robes and chain mail.
* Photograph of 6 emirs and sultans of Northern Nigeria at the Great Durbar in 1913 Kano. Among them are Abubakar Garbai (third from the left) and Muhammad Abbass, Emir of Kano.
# North Yuba River

The North Yuba River (also called the North Fork Yuba River) is the main tributary of the Yuba River in northern California in the United States. The river is about 61 miles (98 km) long and drains from the Sierra Nevada westwards towards the foothills between the mountains and the Sacramento Valley.
It rises on the Sierra Crest about 8 miles (13 km) northwest of Sierraville. The river flows west through meadows, then south into a gorge, turning west again, followed by California State Route 49. The river's four major tributaries, the Downie River, Goodyears Creek, Canyon Creek and Slate Creek, enter from the right before the river abruptly turns south at the New Bullards Bar Reservoir, formed by the New Bullards Bar Dam. The dam is situated right above the river's mouth; just after the North Yuba leaves the dam it empties into the Middle Yuba River and forms the Yuba River.
# Bongkosh Rittichainuwat

Bongkosh Ngamsom Rittichainuwat is a Thai researcher, scholar, professor and academic administrator. She is currently Dean & Professor of the international College of Hospitality & Tourism Management at Siam University.

## Education & Career

She serves as the Director of Marketing at the Asia-Pacific Council on Hotel, Restaurant, and Institutional Education (APac-CHRIE) and as a board member of the Asia Pacific Travel Association. She is on the editorial board of Tourism Management Perspectives, Asia Pacific Journal of Travel Research, and Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Research. She also published a book titled “Special Interest Tourism” with Cambridge Scholar Publishing, UK. She received her Bachelor of Arts from Chulalongkorn University, her Master of Hospitality Management from Conrad N. Hilton College, University of Houston, and her Ph.D. in Hospitality Administration from Oklahoma State University. Her industry designations include an Exhibition Management Degree from the UFI University of Cooperative Education in Ravensburg, Germany, the Certified Incentive Specialist designation by the Society for Incentive Travel Excellence, and the Certified in Exhibition Management designation by the International Association of Exhibitions and Events. In 2022, Journal of Travel and Tourism Marketing, Routledge, the USA ranked her as the most prominent researcher in Thailand in terms of the highest number of citations and publications in the area of Thailand tourism published in Quartile 1 Scopus international journals.

## Books

* Rittichainuwat, Bongkosh N. (2018). Special Interest Tourism, 3rd Edition. Cambridge Scholars Publishing. ISBN 978-1-5275-1992-3.
* Exhibition Manual
* Convention 101
# Rajakkamangalam block

Rajakkamangalam block is a revenue block in the Kanyakumari district of Tamil Nadu, India. It has a total of 15 panchayat villages.
# Salt River (Michigan)

Salt River is the name of two streams in the U.S. state of Michigan.

## Macomb County

The Salt River in Macomb County empties into Anchor Bay of Lake Saint Clair in Chesterfield Township at 42°39′12″N 82°47′06″W﻿ / ﻿42.65333°N 82.78500°W﻿ / 42.65333; -82.78500. The headwaters rise just west of Richmond 17.9 miles (28.8 km) of stream distance to the north. The river's greatest depth is 6 feet (2 m), although it is quite shallow for most of its length. The part of the river by Lake Saint Clair is lined with marinas. Further inland, it soon turns into a large marsh and forested area. Further north, the river runs through light residential areas and farmlands. Most of the river's watershed is rural with suburban lands near the lake. The river is slow flowing and quite swampy in most parts. Some of the named tributaries include:
* Fish Creek
* Kirkham Drain
* Gibbons Drain
* Shook Drain
* Fistler Drain

## Midland/Isabella counties

The Salt River, also known as the Big Salt River, is a 19.3-mile-long (31.1 km) river that rises in northeastern Isabella County. The main branch is formed by the confluence of the North and South branches in Denver Township at 43°40′57″N 84°36′39″W﻿ / ﻿43.68250°N 84.61083°W﻿ / 43.68250; -84.61083 near the boundary between Isabella and Midland County. The north branch is formed less than five miles north and west of this point by the confluence of several drains, including Killenbeck, Sharps, McDonald, Lamphere, and Loomis. The river has abundant river redhorse and common carp populations, especially by the Geneva Road bridge. The South Branch is fed by Jordan Creek, Lewis Drain, and Spring Creek. The main branch flows mostly eastward into the Tittabawassee River in Sanford at 43°40′26″N 84°23′20″W﻿ / ﻿43.67389°N 84.38889°W﻿ / 43.67389; -84.38889.
Some of the named tributaries of the main branch include:
* Teed Drain
** Durbin Drain
* Mud Creek
* Bluff Creek
** Howe Drain
*** Bliss Drain
** Bickerton Drain
** High Drain
* Howard Creek
* Lowe Drain
Note that there are also a Salt Creek and Little Salt Creek in southern Isabella and Midland counties, both of which are tributaries of the Chippewa River.
# Mehdi Khalis

Mehdi Khalis (born 6 January 1989) is a professional footballer who plays as a defender for Olympic Safi. Born in England, he represented Morocco internationally at youth levels.

## Career

Khalis played for Falkirk in the Scottish First Division in the 2010–11 season. During the 2011–12 season, he played 17 league matches for JA Drancy in the Championnat de France amateur. On 6 June 2012, he signed for newly promoted Ligue 2 club Chamois Niortais. He made eight appearances in total during the 2012–13 campaign. Khalis was subsequently told in the summer of 2013 that he was not part of manager Pascal Gastien's plans, and in September that year he joined Moroccan club FUS Rabat on a free transfer, signing a three-year contract.
Born in Les Lilas, France, Khalis has represented Morocco internationally at under-21 and under-23 levels.
# Calceta

Calceta is a town in the Manabí province of Ecuador. Situated on the banks of the Carrizal river, and surrounded by a valley of the same name, Calceta is a center of trade and services for the north-central zone of Manabí. It has a dozen high schools and more than twenty schools. 3 kilometres away is the Escuela Superior Politécnica de Manabí (ESPAM), a modern agricultural and environmental university.

## Attractions

The tower of the Juan Manuel Alava public clock, The Saint Agustín Church, the Civic Square, and the San Bartolo old red bridge, assembled in 1910.
yun lugar muy atractivo

## Climate

Climate data for Calceta, elevation 58 m (190 ft), (1961–1990) :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 31.5 (88.7) | 31.6 (88.9) | 32.0 (89.6) | 32.2 (90.0) | 31.0 (87.8) | 29.7 (85.5) | 29.8 (85.6) | 30.7 (87.3) | 31.3 (88.3) | 31.2 (88.2) | 31.1 (88.0) | 31.6 (88.9) | 31.1 (88.1) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 26.2 (79.2) | 26.2 (79.2) | 26.7 (80.1) | 26.7 (80.1) | 26.2 (79.2) | 25.2 (77.4) | 24.8 (76.6) | 24.8 (76.6) | 25.1 (77.2) | 25.2 (77.4) | 25.3 (77.5) | 26.0 (78.8) | 25.7 (78.3) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 21.7 (71.1) | 21.8 (71.2) | 22.2 (72.0) | 22.0 (71.6) | 21.7 (71.1) | 20.7 (69.3) | 20.2 (68.4) | 19.8 (67.6) | 20.2 (68.4) | 20.6 (69.1) | 20.2 (68.4) | 20.7 (69.3) | 21.0 (69.8) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 190.0 (7.48) | 211.0 (8.31) | 268.0 (10.55) | 148.0 (5.83) | 46.0 (1.81) | 34.0 (1.34) | 12.0 (0.47) | 5.0 (0.20) | 8.0 (0.31) | 6.0 (0.24) | 6.0 (0.24) | 27.0 (1.06) | 961 (37.84) |
| Source: FAO ||||||||||||||
# Sampit River

The Sampit River begins in a swampy area of western Georgetown County, South Carolina, USA. It flows in an easterly direction to Winyah Bay at Georgetown. Only small crafts can navigate the upper parts of the river. The lower river merges into the bay and is deepened by tidal flows, and (to Georgetown harbor) by dredging.
During colonial and antebellum years, areas near the river were developed extensively for rice cultivation, on large plantations dependent on labor of African slaves. They created complex earthworks with dams and other elements to irrigate the rice fields using tidewaters. In this and other areas of the Low Country, African Americans developed the Gullah people and culture, a distinct creole culture with strong connections through culture, language and cuisine to West African peoples.

## Invasive species

In July 2006, a red-bellied pacu fish (Piaractus brachypomus) was caught in the upper portion of the river. Pacus are relatives of piranhas native to South America. South Carolina DNR officials say this find highlights the danger of individuals releasing non-native fish to the wild. Non-native species can sometimes outcompete local species for habitat and food, killing them off, or introduce diseases, with devastating effects on fisheries.
# Chafe-wax

A chafe-wax, or chaff-wax, was an officer under the Lord Chancellor, whose duty it was to prepare the wax for sealing documents. The office was abolished in 1852.
According to the Oxford English Dictionary, the earliest written reference was in 1607, when 'Chafewaxe' was defined as "an officer in chauncery, that fitteth the waxe for the sealing of the writs."
The expression comes from 'chafe', an obsolete verb meaning to warm or heat.

## Literature

In his 1850 short story, A Poor Man's Tale of a Patent, Charles Dickens satirises the cost and complexity of the English patent system, as it then was, by having his narrator comment that in order to get a patent in England "I went through thirty-five stages. I began with the Queen upon the Throne. I ended with the Deputy Chaff-wax. Note. I should like to see the Deputy Chaff-wax. Is it a man, or what is it?"
A late reference to the post occurs in a report of the Lord Chancellor's visit to the sporting estate of Sir John Fowler, 1st Baronet at Braemore by Garve, Ross-shire in September 1874, in which it was noted that "the official 'Chaff-wax' was busily occupied in melting the wax in the covered court where the deer are brought home, and it thus happened that by lamp light the unusual spectacle was observed of the solemnity of sealing being performed in the centre of a group of ponies laden with the Chancellor's dead deer".
# Indian Pharmacist Association

The Indian Pharmacist Association (IPA) is the professional body for pharmacists of India. Members include hospital pharmacists, manufacturing pharmacists, teachers and clinical pharmacists. Founded in 2011, the association is a member of the Global Health Workforce Alliance (WHO). The IPA is at present the largest organizations of pharmacists in India with more than 3.72 lakhs active members across India. The Association has its State branch in Jammu & Kashmir , Himachal Pradesh , Punjab, Gujrat , Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh , Bihar , Tripura, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Manipur, Andaman & Nicobar Islands. The main objective of IPA is to Strengthen The Pharmacy Profession by proper placement of pharmacists to play a role in the health care sector in India.
Indian Pharmacist Association (IPA) recently organised a national conference on Indian pharmacists at Maulana Azad Institute of Dental Sciences in Delhi. The theme for the conference was ‘Challenges Today and Tomorrow.’ Different associations representing various states participated in the conference.
# El Chaco, Ecuador

El Chaco is a town located in the Napo Province, Ecuador. It is the seat of the El Chaco Canton, and it is known for its rich natural beauty and ecological significance. Renowned for its natural beauty and ecological significance, the region boasts diverse landscapes, including cloud forests, rivers, and waterfalls, making it a sought-after destination for eco-tourism and outdoor activities such as hiking and birdwatching.
In addition to its environmental appeal, El Chaco plays a vital role in the local economy as an agricultural hub, producing fruits, vegetables, and livestock. The town functions as a center for local governance and community life.
El Chaco is often celebrated for its commitment to preserving its natural environment while fostering sustainable development. Its tagline, “Pueblo Mágico del Ecuador” (Magical Town of Ecuador), reflects its unique charm and cultural significance.
# San Gabriel River (Texas)

The San Gabriel River is a river that flows through central Texas, USA. The San Gabriel River is formed in Georgetown by the confluence of the North Fork San Gabriel and the South Fork San Gabriel, both of which originate in Burnet County. There are two major impoundments of the river: Lake Georgetown along the North Fork, and Granger Lake, about 25 miles (40 km) below the confluence. Both are U.S. Army Corps of Engineers impoundments. The San Gabriel River joins the Little River five miles south of Cameron which then meets the Brazos River northwest of College Station. There is a city park in Georgetown at the confluence of the North and South Forks, with a well-known local swimming spot (the "Blue Hole") located just upriver from the confluence on the South Fork.
Like most Texas Hill Country rivers, the San Gabriel west of the Balcones Fault is characterized by limestone river bottoms, some moderate rapids, small canyons, and muddy bottoms along slower-moving stretches; east of the Balcones Fault, the San Gabriel flows through the Blackland Prairie where rock features at the surface are more rare and the deep, clay soils are rolling to level and support dryland farms and more lush pastures than the thin soils to the west. Given the past tendency toward periodic large-scale but short-lived floods before construction of the large impoundments, much of the bottomland along the river banks east of Georgetown is forested with a mix of native oak and pecan plus other varieties, though in some locations pecan orchards with grafted varieties have been established as commercial enterprises.
Recreational activities include canoeing, kayaking and fishing. Typical fish species found in the river are catfish, largemouth bass, sunfish, carp, longnose gar and various species of bait fish. However, many game fish and introduced species are found in the impoundments at Lake Georgetown and Granger Lake. The river runs through the Apache Pass Amphitheater and Festival Grounds near Thorndale, south of the town of San Gabriel. Apache Pass features a cantilevered stage that projects out over the river and is used for major concerts and other events.
* South Fork San Gabriel spilling over the dam at Blue Hole Park, 4 July 2002
* N. Austin Avenue bridge with river at 15 feet. 25-foot high-water mark is from November 2001 flooding.
* Flood damage in Blue Hole Park Nov 2001
# El Pangui Canton

El Pangui Canton is a canton of Ecuador, located in the Zamora-Chinchipe Province. Its capital is the town of El Pangui. Its population at the 2001 census was 7,441.
# Yacuambi Canton

Yacuambi Canton is a canton of Ecuador, located in the Zamora-Chinchipe Province. Its capital is the town of Yacuambi. Its population at the 2001 census was 5,229.
# Sumathi Most Popular Teledrama Award

The Sumathi Most Popular Teledrama Series Award is presented annually in Sri Lanka by the Sumathi Group of Campany associated with many commercial brands for the popular Sri Lankan teledrama series of the year in television screen.
The award was first given in 1995. Following is a list of the winners of this prestigious title since then.
| Year | Teledrama Series | Producer |
| 1995 | Dandubasnamanaya | Sunil Rathnayake |
| 1996 | Sankranthi Samaya | Ananda Abenayake |
| 1997 | Hingana Kolla | Aruna Mendis Ruwan Mendis |
| 1998 | Naedaeyo | Sandya Mendis |
| 1999 | Senehewanthayo | Sandya Mendis |
| 2000 | Sahas Gau Dura | Lucky Dias |
| 2001 | Kemmura | Lucky Dias |
| 2002 | Sathpura Wasiyo | Sandya Mendis |
| 2003 | Dahas Gaw Dura | Swarnavahini |
| 2004 | Suriya Daruwo | Sandya Mendis |
| 2006 | Jeewithayata Ida Denna | Ananda Abenayake |
| 2007 | Olu | Swarnavahini |
| 2008 | Sandagala Thanna | Sri Lanka Rupavahini Corporation |
| 2009 | Paba | Independent Television Network |
| 2010 | Ithin Eeta Passe | Independent Television Network |
| 2011 | Bonda Meedum | Independent Television Network |
| 2012 | Sihina Piyapath | Independent Television Network |
| 2013 | Chaya | Sirasa TV |
| 2014 | Adara Dasak | Independent Television Network |
| 2015 | Uthum Pathum | Sirasa TV |
| 2016 | Kasi Watta | Independent Television Network |
| 2017 | Deweni Inima | TV Derana |
| 2018 | Ape Adare | Siyatha TV |
| 2019 | Sudu Andagena Kalu Awidin | Sri Lanka Rupavahini Corporation |
| 2021 | Thadhee | Independent Television Network |
| 2022 | Paara Dige | Swarnawahini |
| 2023 | Divithura | Hiru TV |
# R. J. Kost

R.J. Kost is an American politician who served in the Wyoming Senate representing the 19th district as a member of the Republican Party from 2019 to 2023.

## Career

In 2018, Kost defeated incumbent Senator R. Ray Peterson with 53.80% of the vote. He served on the Agriculture, State and Public Lands & Water Resources, Judiciary, School Facilities, and Interstate Compact for Adult Offender Supervision committees.

## Electoral history
### 2018

Senate District 19 Republican primary :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Republican | R. J. Kost | 2,246 | 53.80% |
| | Republican | R. Ray Peterson (incumbent) | 1,921 | 46.01% |
| | Republican | Write-ins | 8 | 0.19% |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 325 | 7.79% |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 4,175 | 100.00% |
Senate District 19 general election :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Republican | R. J. Kost | 5,569 | 97.38% |
| | Write-In | Write-ins | 150 | 2.62% |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 5,719 | 100.00% |
| Invalid or blank votes | Invalid or blank votes | Invalid or blank votes | 741 | N/A |
| | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold |
# Politics and Language

Politics and Language is a 1979 book by Indian social scientist and researcher Y D Phadke. It explains and analyses the Samyukta Maharashtra Movement (SMM). The Movement finally resulted in the creation of separate state of Maharashtra, a state of Marathi speaking people in India.