# List of bovids

Bovidae is a family of hoofed ruminant mammals in the order Artiodactyla. A member of this family is called a bovid. They are widespread throughout Africa, Asia, Europe, and North America, and are found in a variety of biomes, most typically forest, savanna, shrubland, and grassland. Bovids range in size from the 38 cm (15 in) long royal antelope to the 3.3 m (11 ft) long gaur, which can reach 1,500 kg (3,300 lb) in weight. Over a billion each of domesticated sheep, cattle, and goats, and over 200 million domesticated water buffalo, 14 million domestic yak, and 300,000 domesticated gayal are used in farming worldwide. Many wild species do not have population estimates, though the impala, springbok, and harnessed bushbuck have population sizes of over one million, while several species of bovid are considered endangered or critically endangered with populations as low as 25. One species, the scimitar oryx, was once extinct in the wild, though populations are now recovering. The bluebuck went extinct in the last 200 years, and the aurochs went extinct 400 years ago. A third extinct species, the red gazelle, potentially never existed, and the kouprey is potentially extinct, with no sightings since 1969.
The 146 extant species of Bovidae are split into 53 genera within 9 subfamilies: Aepycerotinae, or the impala; Alcelaphinae, containing the bontebok, hartebeest, wildebeest, and relatives; Antilopinae, containing several antelope, gazelles, and relatives; Bovinae, containing cattle, buffalos, bison, and other antelopes; Caprinae, containing goats, sheep, ibex, serows and relatives; Cephalophinae, or duikers; Hippotraginae, containing the addax, oryx, and relatives; Nesotraginae, or dwarf antelopes; and Reduncinae, or reedbuck and kob antelopes. Extinct species have also been placed into these subfamilies, as well as the extinct Hypsodontinae, Oiocerinae, and Tethytraginae subfamilies. Over one hundred extinct Bovidae species have been discovered, though due to ongoing research and discoveries the exact number and categorization is not fixed.

## Conventions

Conservation status codes listed follow the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species. Range maps are provided wherever possible; if a range map is not available, a description of the bovid's range is provided. Ranges are based on the IUCN Red List for that species unless otherwise noted. All extinct species or subspecies listed alongside extant species went extinct after 1500 CE, and are indicated by a dagger symbol "†".

## Classification

The family Bovidae consists of 146 extant species belonging to 53 genera in 9 subfamilies and divided into hundreds of extant subspecies. This does not include hybrid species or extinct prehistoric species. Additionally, the bluebuck went extinct in the last 200 years, and the aurochs went extinct 400 years ago.
* Subfamily Aepycerotinae
** Genus Aepyceros: one species
* Subfamily Alcelaphinae
** Genus Alcelaphus: one species
** Genus Beatragus: one species
** Genus Connochaetes: two species
** Genus Damaliscus: two species
* Subfamily Antilopinae
** Genus Ammodorcas: one species
** Genus Antidorcas: one species
** Genus Antilope: one species
** Genus Dorcatragus: one species
** Genus Eudorcas: five species
** Genus Gazella: ten species
** Genus Litocranius: one species
** Genus Madoqua: four species
** Genus Nanger: three species
** Genus Neotragus: three species
** Genus Oreotragus: one species
** Genus Ourebia: one species
** Genus Procapra: three species
** Genus Raphicerus: three species
** Genus Saiga: one species
* Subfamily Bovinae
** Genus Bison: two species
** Genus Bos: ten species (one extinct)
** Genus Boselaphus: one species
** Genus Bubalus: five species
** Genus Pseudoryx: one species
** Genus Syncerus: one species
** Genus Taurotragus: two species
** Genus Tetracerus: one species
** Genus Tragelaphus: seven species
* Subfamily Caprinae
** Genus Ammotragus: one species
** Genus Arabitragus: one species
** Genus Budorcas: one species
** Genus Capra: nine species
** Genus Capricornis: four species
** Genus Hemitragus: one species
** Genus Naemorhedus: four species
** Genus Nilgiritragus: one species
** Genus Oreamnos: one species
** Genus Ovibos: one species
** Genus Ovis: seven species
** Genus Pantholops: one species
** Genus Pseudois: one species
** Genus Rupicapra: two species
* Subfamily Cephalophinae
** Genus Cephalophus: fifteen species
** Genus Philantomba: three species
** Genus Sylvicapra: one species
* Subfamily Hippotraginae
** Genus Addax: one species
** Genus Hippotragus: three species (one extinct)
** Genus Oryx: four species
* Subfamily Nesotraginae
*** Genus Nesotragus: two species
* Subfamily Reduncinae
** Genus Kobus: five species
** Genus Pelea: one species
** Genus Redunca: three species
Bovidae
Bovinae
Boselaphini
Boselaphus
Tetracerus
Bovini
Bison
Bos
Bubalus
Pseudoryx
Syncerus
Tragelaphini
Taurotragus
Tragelaphus
Antilopinae
Antilopini
Ammodorcas
Antidorcas
Antilope
Eudorcas
Gazella
Litocranius
Nanger
Procapra
Neotragini
Dorcatragus
Madoqua
Neotragus
Oreotragus
Ourebia
Raphicerus
Nesotraginae
Nesotragus
Cephalophinae
Cephalophus
Philantomba
Sylvicapra
Reduncinae
Kobus
Pelea
Redunca
Aepycerotinae
Aepyceros
Caprinae
Ammotragus
Arabitragus
Capra
Hemitragus
Nilgiritragus
Ovis
Pseudois
Capricornis
Naemorhedus
Oreamnos
Rupicapra
Budorcas
Ovibos
Pantholops
Hippotraginae
Addax
Hippotragus
Oryx
Alcelaphinae
Alcelaphus
Beatragus
Connochaetes
Damaliscus :

## Bovids

The following classification is based on the taxonomy described by Mammal Species of the World (2005), with augmentation by generally accepted proposals made since using molecular phylogenetic analysis.

### Subfamily Aepycerotinae

Genus Aepyceros – Sundevall, 1847 – one species :
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
| Impala | A. melampus (Lichtenstein, 1812) Two subspecies A. m. melampus (Common impala) A. m. petersi (Black-faced Impala) | Southern Africa (Common impala in green) | Size: 120–160 cm (47–63 in) long, plus 30–45 cm (12–18 in) tail Habitat: Savanna, shrubland, and grassland Diet: Grass and shrubs | LC  2,000,000 |

### Subfamily Alcelaphinae

Genus Alcelaphus – Blainville, 1816 – one species :
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
| Hartebeest | A. buselaphus (Pallas, 1766) Eight subspecies A. b. buselaphus (Bubal hartebeest)† A. b. caama (Red hartebeest) A. b. cokii (Coke's hartebeest) A. b. lelwel (Lelwel hartebeest) A. b. lichtensteinii (Lichtenstein's hartebeest) A. b. major (Western hartebeest) A. b. swaynei (Swayne's hartebeest) A. b. tora (Tora hartebeest) | Scattered sub-Saharan Africa | Size: 150–245 cm (59–96 in) long, plus 30–70 cm (12–28 in) tail Habitat: Forest, savanna, shrubland, and grassland Diet: Grass | LC  Unknown |
Genus Beatragus – Heller, 1912 – one species :
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
| Hirola | B. hunteri (P. L. Sclater, 1889) | Border between Kenya and Somalia | Size: 120–205 cm (47–81 in) long, plus 30–45 cm (12–18 in) tail Habitat: Savanna, shrubland, and grassland Diet: Grass, as well as forbs | CR  200–250 |
Genus Connochaetes – Lichtenstein, 1812 – two species :
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
| Black wildebeest | C. gnou (Zimmermann, 1780) | Southern Africa | Size: 212–242 cm (83–95 in) long, plus 31–45 cm (12–18 in) tail Habitat: Shrubland and grassland Diet: Grass | LC  11,200 |
| Blue wildebeest | C. taurinus (Burchell, 1824) Five subspecies C. t. albojubatus (Eastern white-bearded wildebeest) C. t. cooksoni (Cookson's wildebeest) C. t. johnstoni (Nyassaland wildebeest) C. t. mearnsi (Western white-bearded wildebeest) C. t. taurinus (Common wildebeest) | Southern and eastern Africa | Size: 170–240 cm (67–94 in) long, plus 60–100 cm (24–39 in) tail Habitat: Savanna and grassland Diet: Grass | LC  Unknown |
Genus Damaliscus – P. L. Sclater, Thomas, 1894 – two species :
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
| Bontebok | D. pygargus (Pallas, 1767) Two subspecies D. p. phillipsi (Blesbok) D. p. pygargus | Southern Africa | Size: 140–160 cm (55–63 in) long, plus 30–45 cm (12–18 in) tail Habitat: Shrubland and grassland Diet: Grass and burnt veldt shrubs | LC  55,000 |
| Tsessebe | D. lunatus (Burchell, 1823) Six subspecies D. l. jimela (Topi) D. l. korrigum (Korrigum) D. l. lunatus (Common tsessebe) D. l. superstes (Bangweulu tsessebe) D. l. tiang (Tiang) D. l. topi (Coastal topi) | Scattered sub-Saharan Africa | Size: 150–230 cm (59–91 in) long, plus 36–42 cm (14–17 in) tail Habitat: Savanna, shrubland, and grassland Diet: Grass | LC  Unknown |

### Subfamily Antilopinae

Genus Ammodorcas – Thomas, 1891 – one species :
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
| Dibatag | A. clarkei (Thomas, 1891) | Horn of Africa | Size: 152–168 cm (60–66 in) long, plus 25–35 cm (10–14 in) tail Habitat: Shrubland and grassland Diet: Leaves and shoots | VU  2,800 |
Genus Antidorcas – Sundevall, 1847 – one species :
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
| Springbok | A. marsupialis (Zimmermann, 1780) Three subspecies A. m. angolensis A. m. hofmeyri A. m. marsupialis | Southwestern Africa | Size: 120–150 cm (47–59 in) long, plus 14–28 cm (6–11 in) tail Habitat: Savanna, shrubland, grassland, and desert Diet: Shrubs and grass | LC  1,400,000–1,750,000 |
Genus Antilope – Pallas, 1766 – one species :
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
| Blackbuck | A. cervicapra (Linnaeus, 1758) Two subspecies A. c. cervicapra A. c. rajputanae | India (former range in light green) | Size: Up to 120 cm (47 in) long Habitat: Forest, grassland, and desert Diet: Grass, as well as leaf litter, flowers, and fruit | LC  35,000 |
Genus Dorcatragus – Noack, 1894 – one species :
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
| Beira | D. megalotis (Menges, 1894) | Horn of Africa | Size: 76–87 cm (30–34 in) long, plus 5–8 cm (2–3 in) tail Habitat: Shrubland, and rocky areas Diet: Shrubs | VU  7,000 |
Genus Eudorcas – Fitzinger, 1869 – five species :
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
| Heuglin's gazelle | E. tilonura (Heuglin, 1863) | Northeastern Africa | Size: 55–120 cm (22–47 in) long, plus 15–27 cm (6–11 in) tail Habitat: Savanna and shrubland Diet: Grass and shrubs | EN  1,700–2,500 |
| Mongalla gazelle | E. albonotata (W. Rothschild, 1903) | South Sudan | Size: 80–120 cm (31–47 in) long, plus 15–27 cm (6–11 in) tail Habitat: Savanna and grassland Diet: Grass and shrubs | LC  Unknown |
| Red gazelle† | E. rufina Thomas, 1894 | North Africa | Size: Unknown Habitat: Unknown Diet: Unknown | DD  0 |
| Red-fronted gazelle | E. rufifrons (Gray, 1846) Five subspecies E. r. centralis (Eastern Chad red-fronted gazelle) E. r. hasleri (North Nigeria red-fronted gazelle) E. r. kanuri (Kanuri red-fronted gazelle) E. r. laevipes (Nubian red-fronted gazelle) E. r. rufifrons (Senegal red-fronted gazelle) | Sahel zone in central and western Africa | Size: 80–120 cm (31–47 in) long, plus 15–27 cm (6–11 in) tail Habitat: Forest, savanna, shrubland, and grassland Diet: Grass and shrubs | VU  Unknown |
| Thomson's gazelle | E. thomsonii (Günther, 1884) Two subspecies E. t. nasalis (Serengeti Thomson's gazelle) E. t. thomsonii (Eastern Thomson's gazelle) | Eastern Africa | Size: 80–120 cm (31–47 in) long, plus 15–27 cm (6–11 in) tail Habitat: Savanna and grassland Diet: Grass, as well as forbs and fruit | LC  145,000 |
Genus Gazella – Blainville, 1816 – ten species :
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
| Arabian gazelle | G. arabica (Lichtenstein, 1827) Two subspecies G. a. arabica G. a. bilkis | Arabian Peninsula | Size: About 100 cm (39 in) long, plus 9 cm (4 in) tail Habitat: Shrubland and grassland Diet: Cyperus sedges | VU  5,000–7,000 |
| Arabian sand gazelle | G. marica Thomas, 1897 | Arabian Peninsula | Size: About 97 cm (38 in) long, plus 15 cm (6 in) tail Habitat: Desert Diet: Grass and forbs | VU  1,700–2,200 |
| Chinkara | G. bennettii (Sykes, 1831) Six subspecies G. b. bennettii (Deccan chinkara) G. b. christii (Gujarat chinkara) G. b. fuscifrons (Kennion gazelle) G. b. karamii (Bushehr gazelle) G. b. salinarum (Salt Range gazelle) G. b. shikarii (Jebeer gazelle) | South Asia | Size: 90–120 cm (35–47 in) long Habitat: Forest, shrubland, grassland, and desert Diet: Grass, leaves, crops, and fruit | LC  50,000–70,000 |
| Cuvier's gazelle | G. cuvieri (Ogilby, 1841) | Northwestern Africa | Size: 95–105 cm (37–41 in) long, plus 15–20 cm (6–8 in) tail Habitat: Forest, shrubland, rocky areas, and desert Diet: Leaves and grass | VU  2,300–4,600 |
| Dorcas gazelle | G. dorcas (Linnaeus, 1758) Six subspecies G. d. beccarii (Eritrean dorcas gazelle) G. d. dorcas (Egyptian dorcas gazelle) G. d. isabella (Isabelle dorcas gazelle) G. d. massaesyla (Moroccan dorcas gazelle) G. d. osiris (Saharan dorcas gazelle) G. d. pelzelnii (Pelzeln's gazelle) | Northern Africa | Size: 90–110 cm (35–43 in) long, plus 15–20 cm (6–8 in) tail Habitat: Shrubland, grassland, and desert Diet: Acacia tree flowers, leaves, and pods, as well as other fruit and leaves | VU  Unknown |
| Erlanger's gazelle | G. erlangeri Neumann, 1906 | Arabian Peninsula | Size: 110–125 cm (43–49 in) long, plus 15–20 cm (6–8 in) tail Habitat: Desert Diet: Grass | NE  Unknown |
| Goitered gazelle | G. subgutturosa (Güldenstädt, 1780) Three subspecies G. s. gracilicornis (Turkmen gazelle) G. s. subgutturosa (Persian gazelle) G. s. yarkandensis (Yarkand gazelle) | Western and central Asia | Size: 90–115 cm (35–45 in) long, plus 15–20 cm (6–8 in) tail Habitat: Shrubland, grassland, and desert Diet: Grass and low plants | VU  42,000–49,000 |
| Mountain gazelle | G. gazella (Pallas, 1766) Six subspecies G. g. acaciae G. g. cora G. g. darehshourii G. g. farasani G. g. gazella G. g. muscatensis | Mediterranean western Asia | Size: 100–125 cm (39–49 in) long, plus 8–13 cm (3–5 in) tail Habitat: Desert and coastal marine Diet: Grass, herbs, and shrubs | EN  2,500 |
| Rhim gazelle | G. leptoceros (F. Cuvier, 1842) Two subspecies G. l. leptoceros G. l. loderi | Scattered northern Africa | Size: 100–110 cm (39–43 in) long, plus 15–20 cm (6–8 in) tail Habitat: Desert Diet: Desert vegetation | EN  300–600 |
| Speke's gazelle | G. spekei Blyth, 1863 | Horn of Africa | Size: 95–105 cm (37–41 in) long, plus 15–20 cm (6–8 in) tail Habitat: Shrubland, grassland, and desert Diet: Grass and leaves | EN  Unknown |
Genus Litocranius – Kohl, 1886 – one species :
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
| Gerenuk | L. walleri (Brooke, 1878) Two subspecies L. w. sclateri (Northern gerenuk) L. w. walleri (Southern gerenuk) | Horn of Africa | Size: 140–160 cm (55–63 in) long, plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail Habitat: Savanna and shrubland Diet: Shrubs | NT  Unknown |
Genus Madoqua – (Ogilby, 1837) – four species :
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
| Günther's dik-dik | M. guentheri Thomas, 1894 Two subspecies M. g. guentheri M. g. smithii | Horn of Africa | Size: 55–65 cm (22–26 in) long, plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail Habitat: Shrubland Diet: Shrubs, leaves, and flowers | LC  Unknown |
| Kirk's dik-dik | M. kirkii (Günther, 1880) Four subspecies M. k. kirkii M. k. cavendishi (Cavendish's dik-dik) M. k. damarensis (Damara dik-dik) M. k. hindei | Southeastern and southwestern Africa | Size: 52–67 cm (20–26 in) long, plus 3–6 cm (1–2 in) tail Habitat: Shrubland Diet: Leaves, as well as grass, herbs, and sedge | LC  Unknown |
| Salt's dik-dik | M. saltiana (Desmarest, 1816) Five subspecies M. s. hararensis M. s. lawrancei M. s. phillipsi (Phillip's dik-dik) M. s. saltiana (Salt's sik-dik) M. s. swaynei (Swayne's dik-dik) | Horn of Africa | Size: 52–67 cm (20–26 in) long, plus 3–6 cm (1–2 in) tail Habitat: Forest and shrubland Diet: Acacia bushes, as well as leaves, buds, flowers, fruit, and herbs | LC  Unknown |
| Silver dik-dik | M. piacentinii Drake-Brockman, 1911 | Horn of Africa | Size: 45–50 cm (18–20 in) long, plus 3–4 cm (1–2 in) tail Habitat: Shrubland Diet: Grass and shrubs | DD  Unknown |
Genus Nanger – Lataste, 1885 – three species :
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
| Dama gazelle | N. dama (Pallas, 1766) Three subspecies N. d. dama N. d. mhorr (Mhorr gazelle) N. d. ruficollis (Addra gazelle) | Scattered Saharan Desert and Sahel | Size: 140–168 cm (55–66 in) long Habitat: Savanna, shrubland, and desert Diet: Shrubs and grass | CR  100–200 |
| Grant's gazelle | N. granti (Brooke, 1872) Five subspecies N. g. brighti (Bright's gazelle) N. g. granti (Southern Grant's gazelle) N. g. notata (Northern Grant's gazelle) N. g. petersii (Peter's gazelle) N. g. robertsi (Robert's gazelle) | Eastern Africa | Size: 140–166 cm (55–65 in) long, plus 20–28 cm (8–11 in) tail Habitat: Savanna, shrubland, and grassland Diet: Leaves and stems, as well as grass | LC  Unknown |
| Soemmerring's gazelle | N. soemmerringii (Cretzschmar, 1828) Three subspecies N. s. berberana (Somali Soemmerring's gazelle) N. s. butteri (Borani Soemmerring's gazelle) N. s. soemmerringii (Sudan Soemmerring's gazelle) | Horn of Africa | Size: 125–150 cm (49–59 in) long, plus 18–23 cm (7–9 in) tail Habitat: Savanna, shrubland, and grassland Diet: Leaves, grass, and herbs | VU  4,000–5,000 |
Genus Neotragus – H. Smith, 1827 – one species :
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
| Royal antelope | N. pygmaeus (Linnaeus, 1758) | Western Africa | Size: 38–51 cm (15–20 in) long, plus 5–8 cm (2–3 in) tail Habitat: Forest Diet: Leaves and shoots, as well as fruit and fungi | LC  Unknown |
Genus Oreotragus – A. Smith, 1834 – one species :
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
| Klipspringer | O. oreotragus (Zimmermann, 1783) Five subspecies O. o. aceratos O. o. oreotragus O. o. saltatrixoides O. o. stevensoni O. o. tyleri | Southern and Eastern Africa | Size: 75–115 cm (30–45 in) long Habitat: Savanna, shrubland, rocky areas, and desert Diet: Shrubs | LC  Unknown |
Genus Ourebia – Laurillard, 1842 – one species :
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
| Oribi | O. ourebi (Zimmermann, 1782) Eight subspecies O. o. dorcas O. o. gallarum O. o. haggardi O. o. hastata O. o. montana O. o. ourebi O. o. quadriscopa O. o. rutila | Sub-Saharan Africa | Size: 92–110 cm (36–43 in) long Habitat: Savanna and grassland Diet: Grass and shrubs | LC  Unknown |
Genus Procapra – Hodgson, 1846 – three species :
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
| Goa | P. picticaudata Hodgson, 1846 | Western China | Size: 91–105 cm (36–41 in) long, plus 8–9 cm (3–4 in) tail Habitat: Grassland and inland wetlands Diet: Forbs and legumes, as well as grass and sedges | NT  100,000 |
| Mongolian gazelle | P. gutturosa (Pallas, 1777) | Mongolia and nearby central Asia (historical range in light green) | Size: 100–130 cm (39–51 in) long Habitat: Grassland and desert Diet: Grass, onions, and shrubs | LC  500,000–1,500,000 |
| Przewalski's gazelle | P. przewalskii (Büchner, 1891) Two subspecies P. p. diversicornis P. p. przewalskii† | Central China | Size: 105–110 cm (41–43 in) long, plus up to 11 cm (4 in) tail Habitat: Grassland and desert Diet: Shrubs and grass | EN  1,300–1,700 |
Genus Raphicerus – H. Smith, 1827 – three species :
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
| Cape grysbok | R. melanotis (Thunberg, 1811) | Southern Africa | Size: 65–80 cm (26–31 in) long, plus up to 4–8 cm (2–3 in) tail Habitat: Shrubland and grassland Diet: Shrubs and grass | LC  Unknown |
| Sharpe's grysbok | R. sharpei Thomas, 1897 | Southeastern Africa | Size: 65–75 cm (26–30 in) long, plus 4–8 cm (2–3 in) tail Habitat: Savanna and shrubland Diet: Shrubs and grass | LC  Unknown |
| Steenbok | R. campestris (Thunberg, 1811) Four subspecies R. c. campestris R. c. capricornis R. c. kelleni R. c. neumanni | Southern and southeastern Africa | Size: 70–95 cm (28–37 in) long, plus 4–6 cm (2–2 in) tail Habitat: Savanna, shrubland, and grassland Diet: Shrubs, geophytes, berries, flowers, and fruit | LC  Unknown |
Genus Saiga – Gray, 1843 – one species :
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
| Saiga antelope | S. tatarica (Linnaeus, 1766) Two subspecies S. t. mongolica (Mongolian saiga) S. t. tatarica (Russian saiga) | Central Asia (historical range in white) | Size: 108–146 cm (43–57 in) long, plus 6–13 cm (2–5 in) tail Habitat: Grassland and desert Diet: Grass | NT  922,600–988,500 |

### Subfamily Bovinae

Genus Bison – H. Smith, 1827 – two species :
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
| American bison | B. bison Linnaeus, 1758 | Scattered North America | Size: 210–380 cm (83–150 in) long, plus 43–90 cm (17–35 in) tail Habitat: Forest, savanna, shrubland, grassland, inland wetlands, and desert Diet: Grass, leaves, and roots, as well as sagebrush | NT  11,200–13,200 |
| European bison | B. bonasus Linnaeus, 1758 Three subspecies B. b. bonasus B. b. caucasicus (Caucasian wisent)† B. b. hungarorum (Carpathian wisent)† | Scattered Europe and western Asia | Size: 280–330 cm (110–130 in) long, plus 30–92 cm (12–36 in) tail Habitat: Forest, shrubland, grassland, and unknown Diet: Grass, sedges and herbs, as well as trees and shrubs | NT  2,500 |
Genus Bos – Linnaeus, 1758 – ten species :
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
| Aurochs† | B. primigenius Bojanus, 1827 | Formerly Europe, Asia, and North Africa | Size: Unknown Habitat: Unknown Diet: Grass | EX  0 |
| Banteng | B. javanicus d'Alton, 1823 Two subspecies B. j. javanicus (Javan banteng) B. j. lowi (Bornean banteng) | Southeast Asia (possible range in red) | Size: 190–225 cm (75–89 in) long, plus 65–70 cm (26–28 in) tail Habitat: Forest and grassland Diet: Grass, sedges, herbs, and bamboo, as well as leaves, fruit, flowers, bark, and young branches of shrubs and trees | CR  2,500–4,900 |
| Bali cattle | B. domesticus Wilckens, 1905 | Southeast Asia | Size: 190–225 cm (75–89 in) long, plus 65–70 cm (26–28 in) tail Habitat: Forest and grassland Diet: Grass, sedges, herbs, and bamboo, as well as leaves, fruit, flowers, bark, and young branches of shrubs and trees | NE  Unknown |
| Cattle | B. taurus Linnaeus, 1758 | Worldwide | Size: 150–250 cm (59–98 in) long Habitat: Grassland, shrubland, forest, and desert Diet: Grass | NE  Unknown (about 1.4 billion used in farming) |
| Gaur | B. gaurus Smith, 1827 Two subspecies B. g. gaurus B. g. readei | Southern and southeastern Asia | Size: 250–330 cm (98–130 in) long, plus 70–100 cm (28–39 in) tail Habitat: Forest, savanna, grassland, and shrubland Diet: Grass as well as leaves, fruit, twigs, bark, and bamboo | VU  6,000–21,000 |
| Gayal | B. frontalis Lambert, 1804 Four subspecies B. f. frontalis B. f. laosiensis B. f. sinhaleyus | South Asia | Size: 250–330 cm (98–130 in) long, plus 70–105 cm (28–41 in) tail Habitat: Forest and grassland Diet: Grass, forbs, and leaves | NE  1,000 (about 300,000 used in farming) |
| Kouprey | B. sauveli Urbain, 1937 | Southeast Asia | Size: 210–223 cm (83–88 in) long, plus up to 100 cm (39 in) tail Habitat: Forest, savanna, and grassland Diet: Grass, sedges, and shrubs | CR  0–50 |
| Wild yak | B. mutus (Przhevalsky, 1883) | Central Asia | Size: 306–385 cm (120–152 in) long, plus up to 60 cm (24 in) tail Habitat: Grassland and desert Diet: Grass and sedges, as well as forbs | VU  7,500–10,000 |
| Yak | B. grunniens Linnaeus, 1766 | Central Asia | Size: 145–218 cm (57–86 in) long, plus 60 cm (24 in) tail Habitat: Rocky areas and grassland Diet: Grass, shrubs, and forbs, as well as lichen and moss | NE  14 million (in farming) |
| Zebu | B. indicus Linnaeus, 1758 | Asia | Size: 150–250 cm (59–98 in) long Habitat: Grassland, shrubland, forest, and desert Diet: Grass | NE  Unknown |
Genus Boselaphus – Blainville, 1816 – one species :
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
| Nilgai | B. tragocamelus (Pallas, 1766) | Indian subcontinent | Size: 180–200 cm (71–79 in) long Habitat: Forest, shrubland, and grassland Diet: Grass and shrubs | LC  70,000–100,000 |
Genus Bubalus – H. Smith, 1827 – five species :
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
| Lowland anoa | B. depressicornis (H. Smith, 1827) | Island of Sulawesi in Indonesia | Size: 122–188 cm (48–74 in) long, plus up to 41 cm (16 in) tail Habitat: Forest Diet: Shrubs | EN  2,500 |
| Mountain anoa | B. quarlesi (Ouwens, 1910) | Island of Sulawesi in Indonesia | Size: 122–153 cm (48–60 in) long Habitat: Forest Diet: Grass and shrubs | EN  0–2,500 |
| Tamaraw | B. mindorensis Heude, 1888 | Island of Mindoro in the Philippines | Size: Around 220 cm (87 in) long, plus 60 cm (24 in) tail Habitat: Forest, shrubland, and grassland Diet: Grass and young bamboo shoots | CR  200–300 |
| Water buffalo | B. bubalis (Linnaeus, 1758) Three subspecies B. b. bubalis B. b. kerabau B. b. theerapati | Scattered Asia, Egypt, and South America | Size: 240–300 cm (94–118 in) long, plus 60–100 cm (24–39 in) tail Habitat: Forest and grassland Diet: Grass, as well as herbs, shrubs, and leaves | NE  202 million (on farms) |
| Wild water buffalo | B. arnee (Kerr, 1792) Four subspecies B. a. arnee B. a. fulvus B. a. migona B. a. septentrionalis | Scattered Southeast Asia | Size: 240–300 cm (94–118 in) long, plus up to 60–100 cm (24–39 in) tail Habitat: Forest, savanna, grassland, and inland wetlands Diet: Grass and sedges, as well as fruit and shrubs | EN  2,500 |
Genus Pseudoryx – Dung, Giao, Chinh, Tuoc, Arctander, MacKinnon, 1993 – one species :
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
| Saola | P. nghetinhensis Dung, Giao, Chinh, Tuoc, Arctander, MacKinnon, 1993 | Annamite Range of Vietnam and Laos | Size: 143–150 cm (56–59 in) long, plus up to 25 cm (10 in) tail Habitat: Forest Diet: Leaves as well as shrubs | CR  25-750 |
Genus Syncerus – Hodgson, 1847 – one species :
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
| African buffalo | S. caffer (Sparrman, 1779) Five subspecies S. c. aequinoctialis (Nile buffalo) S. c. brachyceros (Sudan buffalo) S. c. caffer (Cape buffalo) S. c. matthewsi (Mountain buffalo) S. c. nanus (African forest buffalo) | Sub-Saharan Africa | Size: 240–340 cm (94–134 in) long, plus 75–110 cm (30–43 in) tail Habitat: Forest, savanna, shrubland, grassland, and inland wetlands Diet: Grass | NT  398,000–401,000 |
Genus Taurotragus – Wagner, 1855 – two species :
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
| Common eland | T. oryx (Pallas, 1766) Three subspecies T. o. livingstonei (Livingstone's eland) T. o. oryx (Cape eland) T. o. pattersonianus (East African eland) | Eastern and southern Africa | Size: 200–345 cm (79–136 in) long, plus 50–72 cm (20–28 in) tail Habitat: Forest, savanna, shrubland, and grassland Diet: Shrubs | LC  90,000–110,000 |
| Giant eland | T. derbianus (Gray, 1847) Two subspecies T. d. derbianus T. d. gigas | Western and central Africa | Size: 210–345 cm (83–136 in) long, plus 55–70 cm (22–28 in) tail Habitat: Forest and savanna Diet: Leaves, shoots, herbs and fruit, as well as grass | VU  8,400–9,800 |
Genus Tetracerus – Leach, 1825 – one species :
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
| Four-horned antelope | T. quadricornis (Blainville, 1816) Three subspecies T. q. iodes T. q. quadricornis T. q. subquadricornutus | Indian subcontinent | Size: 80–110 cm (31–43 in) long, plus 10–15 cm (4–6 in) tail Habitat: Forest and shrubland Diet: Grass and shrubs | VU  7,000–10,000 |
Genus Tragelaphus – (Blainville, 1816) – seven species :
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
| Bongo | T. eurycerus (Ogilby, 1837) | Western and central Africa | Size: 170–250 cm (67–98 in) long, plus 45–65 cm (18–26 in) tail Habitat: Forest and savanna Diet: Shrubs as well as grass | NT  15,000–25,000 |
| Greater kudu | T. strepsiceros (Pallas, 1766) Three subspecies T. s. chora T. s. cottoni T. s. strepsiceros | Central, eastern, and southern Africa | Size: 180–250 cm (71–98 in) long Habitat: Forest, savanna, shrubland, and desert Diet: Shrubs | LC  300,000–350,000 |
| Harnessed bushbuck | T. scriptus (Pallas, 1766) Eight subspecies T. s. bor T. s. decula T. s. fasciatus T. s. knutsoni T. s. meneliki T. s. ornatus T. s. scriptus T. s. sylvaticus | Western and central Africa | Size: 105–150 cm (41–59 in) long, plus 19–25 cm (7–10 in) tail Habitat: Forest, savanna, shrubland, and grassland Diet: Shrubs | LC  1,000,000–1,500,000 |
| Lesser kudu | T. imberbis (Blyth, 1869) | Eastern Africa | Size: 110–175 cm (43–69 in) long, plus 26–30 cm (10–12 in) tail Habitat: Forest, savanna, and shrubland Diet: Tree leaves, shrubs, and herbs | NT  80,000–100,000 |
| Mountain nyala | T. buxtoni (Lydekker, 1910) | Central Ethiopia | Size: 190–260 cm (75–102 in) long Habitat: Forest, shrubland, and grassland Diet: Grass, herbs, and shrubs | EN  1,500–2,500 |
| Nyala | T. angasii Angas, 1849 | Southeastern Africa | Size: 132–198 cm (52–78 in) long, plus 35–55 cm (14–22 in) tail Habitat: Forest, savanna, and shrubland Diet: Leaves and fruit as well as grass | LC  20,000–27,500 |
| Sitatunga | T. spekii P. L. Sclater, 1863 Five subspecies T. s. gratus T. s. larkenii T. s. selousi T. s. spekii T. s. sylvestris | Central Africa | Size: 115–170 cm (45–67 in) long, plus 18–30 cm (7–12 in) tail Habitat: Forest, savanna, shrubland, grassland, and inland wetlands Diet: Grass, sedges, and shrubs | LC  90,000–120,000 |

### Subfamily Caprinae

Genus Ammotragus – (Blyth, 1840) – one species :
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
| Barbary sheep | A. lervia (Pallas, 1777) Six subspecies A. l. angusi A. l. blainei A. l. fassini A. l. lervia A. l. ornatus (Egyptian Barbary sheep) A. l. sahariensis | Northern Africa | Size: 130–165 cm (51–65 in) long, plus 12–25 cm (5–10 in) tail Habitat: Savanna, shrubland, grassland, rocky areas, and desert Diet: Grass, shrubs, and forbs | VU  5,000–10,000 |
Genus Arabitragus – Ropiquet, Hassanin, 2005 – one species :
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
| Arabian tahr | A. jayakari Thomas, 1894 | Eastern Arabia | Size: 93–95 cm (37–37 in) long, plus up to 8–10 cm (3–4 in) tail Habitat: Shrubland, rocky areas, and desert Diet: Grass, forbs, shrubs, and trees | EN  2,200–2,300 |
Genus Budorcas – Hodgson, 1850 – one species :
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
| Takin | B. taxicolor Hodgson, 1850 Four subspecies B. t. bedfordi (Golden takin) B. t. taxicolor (Mishmi takin) B. t. tibetana (Sichuan takin) B. t. whitei (Bhutan takin) | Eastern Himalayas | Size: 170–220 cm (67–87 in) long, plus 15 cm (6 in) tail Habitat: Forest, shrubland, and grassland Diet: Grass, bamboo shoots, forbs, and leaves | VU  Unknown |
Genus Capra – Linnaeus, 1758 – nine species :
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
| Alpine ibex | C. ibex Linnaeus, 1758 | The Alps | Size: 130–140 cm (51–55 in) long, plus 12–15 cm (5–6 in) tail Habitat: Grassland, and rocky areas Diet: Grass and herbs, as well as woody plants and cryptogams | LC  53,000 |
| East Caucasian tur | C. cylindricornis (Blyth, 1841) | Caucasus Mountains in eastern Europe | Size: 120–165 cm (47–65 in) long, plus 10–14 cm (4–6 in) tail Habitat: Forest, shrubland, grassland, and rocky areas Diet: Grass, trees, and a variety of other plants | NT  23,000 |
| Iberian ibex | C. pyrenaica Schinz, 1838 | Iberian Peninsula | Size: 100–140 cm (39–55 in) long, plus 10–15 cm (4–6 in) tail Habitat: Forest, shrubland, and rocky areas Diet: Leaves, acorns, forbs, and grass | LC  50,000 |
| Markhor | C. falconeri (Wagner, 1839) Three subspecies C. f. falconeri (Astor markhor) C. f. heptneri (Bukharan markhor) C. f. megaceros (Kabul markhor) | Central Asia | Size: 140–185 cm (55–73 in) long, plus 8–14 cm (3–6 in) tail Habitat: Forest, shrubland, and rocky areas Diet: Grass and leaves | NT  5,800 |
| Nubian ibex | C. nubiana F. Cuvier, 1825 | Northern Africa and the Middle East | Size: 105–125 cm (41–49 in) long Habitat: Shrubland, rocky areas, and desert Diet: Wide variety of herbaceous and woody plants | VU  4,500 |
| Siberian ibex | C. sibirica (Pallas, 1776) | Central Asia | Size: 130–165 cm (51–65 in) long, plus 10–18 cm (4–7 in) tail Habitat: Forest, shrubland, grassland, rocky areas, and desert Diet: Grass, as well as herbs and shrubs | NT  102,000–150,000 |
| Walia ibex | C. walie Rüppell, 1835 | Northeastern Africa | Size: 150–170 cm (59–67 in) long, plus 20–25 cm (8–10 in) tail Habitat: Shrubland, grassland, and rocky areas Diet: Shrubs, herbs, lichens, and grass | VU  600 |
| West Caucasian tur | C. caucasica Güldenstädt, Pallas, 1783 Two subspecies C. c. caucasica C. c. severtzovi | Caucasus Mountains in eastern Europe | Size: 120–165 cm (47–65 in) long, plus 10–14 cm (4–6 in) tail Habitat: Forest, shrubland, grassland, and rocky areas Diet: Grass, trees, and a variety of other plants | EN  3,000–4,000 |
| Wild goat | C. aegagrus Erxleben, 1777 Five subspecies C. a. aegagrus (Bezoar ibex) C. a. blythi (Sindh ibex) C. a. chialtanensis (Chiltan ibex) C. a. turcmenica (Turkmen wild goat) C. a. hircus (Goat) | Western Asia (worldwide distribution of domestic goat in farming) | Size: 115–170 cm (45–67 in) long Habitat: Forest, shrubland, grassland, rocky areas, and desert Diet: Grass, herbaceous plants, and shrubs, as well as trees | NT  70,000 (about 1 billion used in farming) |
Genus Capricornis – Ogilby, 1836 – four species :
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
| Japanese serow | C. crispus (Temminck, 1836) | Japan | Size: Around 130 cm (51 in) long Habitat: Forest, shrubland, and grassland Diet: Leaves, shoots, and acorns | LC  Unknown |
| Mainland serow | C. sumatraensis (Bechstein, 1799) Three subspecies C. s. maritimus (Indochinese serow) C. s. sumatraensis (Sumatran serow) C. s. thar (Himalayan serow) | The Himalayas and southeastern Asia | Size: 140–155 cm (55–61 in) long, plus 8–16 cm (3–6 in) tail Habitat: Forest, shrubland, grassland, and rocky areas Diet: Leaves and twigs | VU  Unknown |
| Red serow | C. rubidus (Blyth, 1863) | Southeastern Asia | Size: 140–155 cm (55–61 in) long Habitat: Forest, shrubland, and rocky areas Diet: Grass, shoots, and leaves | NT  Unknown |
| Taiwan serow | C. swinhoei Gray, 1862 | Taiwan | Size: 80–114 cm (31–45 in) long, plus 7–12 cm (3–5 in) tail Habitat: Forest, shrubland, grassland, and rocky areas Diet: Grass and shrubs | LC  Unknown |
Genus Hemitragus – (Hodgson, 1841) – one species :
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
| Himalayan tahr | H. jemlahicus (H. Smith, 1826) | Himalayas | Size: 90–140 cm (35–55 in) long Habitat: Forest, shrubland, grassland, and rocky areas Diet: Herbaceous plants and shrubs, grass, and sedges | NT  Unknown |
Genus Naemorhedus – H. Smith, 1827 – four species :
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
| Chinese goral | N. griseus (Milne-Edwards, 1874) Two subspecies N. g. evansi N. g. griseus | Southeastern Asia 178px|alt=Map of range | Size: 88–118 cm (35–46 in) long, plus 11–20 cm (4–8 in) tail Habitat: Forest, shrubland, and rocky areas Diet: Grass, leaves, twigs, and nuts | NE  Unknown |
| Himalayan goral | N. goral (Hardwicke, 1825) Two subspecies N. g. bedfordi N. g. goral | Himalayas | Size: 81–130 cm (32–51 in) long Habitat: Forest, shrubland, grassland, and rocky areas Diet: Grass, leaves, twigs, fruit, and nuts | NT  Unknown |
| Long-tailed goral | N. caudatus (H. Milne-Edwards, 1867) | Eastern Asia | Size: 81–129 cm (32–51 in) long Habitat: Forest, shrubland, grassland, and rocky areas Diet: Grass, herbs, shoots, leaves, nuts, as well as fruit | VU  2,500–10,000 |
| Red goral | N. baileyi Pocock, 1914 | Eastern Asia | Size: 93–103 cm (37–41 in) long, plus 7–10 cm (3–4 in) tail Habitat: Forest, shrubland, and rocky areas Diet: Lichens, as well as grass, shoots, leaves, and twigs | VU  7,000–10,000 |
Genus Nilgiritragus – Ropiquet, Hassanin, 2005 – one species :
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
| Nilgiri tahr | N. hylocrius (Ogilby, 1838) | Southern India | Size: 90–140 cm (35–55 in) long, plus 9–12 cm (4–5 in) tail Habitat: Shrubland, grassland, and rocky areas Diet: Grass and forbs | EN  1,800–2,000 |
Genus Oreamnos – Rafinesque, 1817 – one species :
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
| Mountain goat | O. americanus (Blainville, 1816) | Western North America | Size: 120–160 cm (47–63 in) long, plus 8–20 cm (3–8 in) tail Habitat: Forest, shrubland, grassland, and rocky areas Diet: Grass, forbs, sedges, ferns, moss, lichen, twigs, and leaves | LC  48,000–62,000 |
Genus Ovibos – Blainville, 1816 – one species :
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
| Muskox | O. moschatus (Zimmermann, 1780) | The Arctic (reintroduced in blue) | Size: 190–270 cm (75–106 in) long, plus 7–12 cm (3–5 in) tail Habitat: Grassland Diet: Sedges and grass, as well as shrubs and some forbs | LC  133,900–136,900 |
Genus Ovis – Linnaeus, 1758 – seven species :
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
| Argali | O. ammon Linnaeus, 1758 Nine subspecies O. a. ammon (Altai argali) O. a. collium (Karaganda argali) O. a. darwini (Gobi argali) O. a. hodgsonii (Tibetan argali) O. a. jubata (North China argali) O. a. karelini (Tian Shan argali) O. a. nigrimontana (Kara Tau argali) O. a. polii (Marco Polo sheep) O. a. severtzovi (Severtzov argali) | Central and eastern Asia | Size: 120–190 cm (47–75 in) long Habitat: Forest, shrubland, grassland, rocky areas, and desert Diet: Grass, sedges, and some herbs and lichens | NT  Unknown |
| Bighorn sheep | O. canadensis Shaw, 1804 Three subspecies O. c. canadensis (Rocky Mountain bighorn sheep) O. c. nelsoni (Desert bighorn sheep) O. c. sierrae (Sierra Nevada bighorn sheep) | Western North America | Size: 160–180 cm (63–71 in) long Habitat: Grassland, and rocky areas Diet: Grass, as well as forbs and shrubs | LC  49,000 |
| Dall sheep | O. dalli Nelson, 1884 Two subspecies O. d. dalli O. d. stonei (Stone sheep) | Northwestern North America | Size: 130–180 cm (51–71 in) long, plus 7–12 cm (3–5 in) tail Habitat: Shrubland, grassland, and rocky areas Diet: Grass and sedges | LC  66,600 |
| Mouflon | O. gmelini Blyth, 1841 Four subspecies O. g. gmelini (Armenian mouflon) O. g. isphahanica (Esfahan mouflon) O. g. laristanica (Laristan mouflon) O. g. ophion (Cyprus mouflon) | Western Asia | Size: 105–140 cm (41–55 in) long, plus 12–13 cm (5–5 in) tail Habitat: Forest, shrubland, grassland, and rocky areas Diet: Grass and shrubs | NT  26,500 |
| Sheep | O. aries Linnaeus, 1758 | Domesticated worldwide | Size: 120–180 cm (47–71 in) long, plus 7–15 cm (3–6 in) tail Habitat: Savanna, grassland, desert, forest, and rocky areas Diet: Grass, as well as a wide variety of vegetation | NE  Unknown (about 1.2 billion used in farming) |
| Snow sheep | O. nivicola Eschscholtz, 1829 Six subspecies O. n. alleni (Okhotsk sheep) O. n. borealis (Putorana snow sheep) O. n. koriakorum (Koryak snow sheep) O. n. nivicola (Kamchatkan snow sheep) O. n. tschuktschorum (Chukotsk sheep) O. n. zydekkeri (Yakutian sheep) | Eastern Russia | Size: 126–188 cm (50–74 in) long Habitat: Forest, shrubland, grassland, and rocky areas Diet: Grass, as well as lichens, mosses, and willow sprouts | LC  Unknown |
| Urial | O. vignei Blyth, 1841 | Central and southern Asia | Size: 120–160 cm (47–63 in) long, plus 11–13 cm (4–5 in) tail Habitat: Forest, shrubland, grassland, and rocky areas Diet: Grass and shrubs | VU  18,000 |
Genus Pantholops – Hodgson, 1834 – one species :
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
| Tibetan antelope | P. hodgsonii (Abel, 1826) | Tibetan Plateau | Size: 120–130 cm (47–51 in) long Habitat: Grassland Diet: Grass and herbs | NT  100,000–150,000 |
Genus Pseudois – Hodgson, 1846 – one species :
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
| Bharal | P. nayaur (Hodgson, 1833) | Himalayas | Size: 120–140 cm (47–55 in) long Habitat: Forest, shrubland, grassland, rocky areas, and desert Diet: Grass, alpine herbs, and lichens | LC  47,000–414,000 |
Genus Rupicapra – Blainville, 1816 – two species :
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
| Chamois | R. rupicapra (Linnaeus, 1758) Seven subspecies R. r. asiatica (Anatolian chamois) R. r. balcanica (Balkan chamois) R. r. carpatica (Carpathian chamois) R. r. cartusiana (Chartreuse chamois) R. r. caucasica (Caucasian chamois) R. r. rupicapra (Alpine chamois) R. r. tatrica (Tatra chamois) | Europe and western Asia (former range in gray) | Size: 110–135 cm (43–53 in) long Habitat: Forest, shrubland, grassland, and rocky areas Diet: Grass, herbs, tree leaves, buds, shoots, and fungi | LC  300,000 |
| Pyrenean chamois | R. pyrenaica Bonaparte, 1845 Three subspecies R. p. ornata R. p. parva (Cantabrian chamois) R. p. pyrenaica | Southern Europe | Size: 90–130 cm (35–51 in) long, plus 3–4 cm (1–2 in) tail Habitat: Forest, shrubland, grassland, and rocky areas Diet: Herbs and flowers, as well as lichen, moss, and young pine shoots | LC  50,000 |

### Subfamily Cephalophinae

Genus Cephalophus – H. Smith, 1827 – sixteen species :
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
| Abbott's duiker | C. spadix True, 1890 | Tanzania | Size: 97–140 cm (38–55 in) long, plus 8–13 cm (3–5 in) tail Habitat: Forest and shrubland Diet: Leaves, fruit, flowers and moss | EN  1,500 |
| Aders's duiker | C. adersi (Thomas, 1918) | Eastern Africa | Size: 66–72 cm (26–28 in) long, plus 9–12 cm (4–5 in) tail Habitat: Forest and shrubland Diet: Leaves, seeds, sprouts, buds, and fruit | VU  14,000 |
| Bay duiker | C. dorsalis Gray, 1846 Two subspecies C. d. castaneus (Eastern bay duiker) C. d. dorsalis (Western bay duiker) | Western and southern Africa | Size: 70–100 cm (28–39 in) long Habitat: Forest Diet: Fruit and leaves, as well as birds | NT  Unknown |
| Black duiker | C. niger (Gray, 1846) | Western Africa | Size: 80–90 cm (31–35 in) long, plus 12–14 cm (5–6 in) tail Habitat: Forest Diet: Flowers, leaves, shrubs, grass, fruit, insects, and eggs | LC  Unknown |
| Black-fronted duiker | C. nigrifrons (Gray, 1871) Six subspecies C. n. fosteri C. n. hooki C. n. hypoxanthus C. n. kivuensis C. n. nigrifrons C. n. rubidus (Ruwenzori duiker) | Central Africa | Size: 80–170 cm (31–67 in) long, plus 7–15 cm (3–6 in) tail Habitat: Forest and shrubland Diet: Fruit and leaves | LC  Unknown |
| Brooke's duiker | C. brookei (Thomas, 1903) | Western Africa | Size: About 100 cm (39 in) long, plus 12 cm (5 in) tail Habitat: Forest Diet: Fruit and leaves | NE  Unknown |
| Jentink's duiker | C. jentinki Thomas, 1892 | Western Africa | Size: 130–150 cm (51–59 in) long, plus 12–16 cm (5–6 in) tail Habitat: Forest Diet: Fruit, nuts, and tree stems | EN  2,000 |
| Ogilby's duiker | C. ogilbyi (Waterhouse, 1838) | Western Africa | Size: 85–115 cm (33–45 in) long, plus 12–15 cm (5–6 in) tail Habitat: Forest Diet: Fruit and leaves | LC  Unknown |
| Peters's duiker | C. callipygus (Peters, 1876) | Western central Africa | Size: 94–109 cm (37–43 in) long, plus 8–15 cm (3–6 in) tail Habitat: Forest Diet: Fruit and leaves | LC  Unknown |
| Red forest duiker | C. natalensis (Smith, 1834) Two subspecies C. n. harveyi C. n. natalensis | Southeastern Africa | Size: 75–87 cm (30–34 in) long, plus 9–14 cm (4–6 in) tail Habitat: Forest and shrubland Diet: Fruit and leaves | LC  Unknown |
| Red-flanked duiker | C. rufilatus (Gray, 1846) | Western and central Africa | Size: 60–80 cm (24–31 in) long Habitat: Forest and savanna Diet: Leaves and fruit, as well as flowers and twigs | LC  Unknown |
| Weyns's duiker | C. weynsi (Thomas, 1901) Three subspecies C. w. johnstoni C. w. lestradei C. w. weynsi | Central Africa | Size: 80–115 cm (31–45 in) long, plus 8–16 cm (3–6 in) tail Habitat: Forest Diet: Fruit and leaves | LC  Unknown |
| White-bellied duiker | C. leucogaster (Gray, 1873) Two subspecies C. l. arrhenii C. l. leucogaster | Central Africa | Size: 78–100 cm (31–39 in) long, plus 8–15 cm (3–6 in) tail Habitat: Forest Diet: Fruit, leaves, and flowers | NT  Unknown |
| White-legged duiker | C. crusalbum Grubb, 1978 | Western Africa | Size: 85–115 cm (33–45 in) long, plus 12–15 cm (5–6 in) tail Habitat: Forest Diet: Fruit and leaves | NT  13,000 |
| Yellow-backed duiker | C. silvicultor (Afzelius, 1815) Four subspecies C. s. curticeps C. s. longiceps C. s. ruficrista C. s. silvicultor | Central and western Africa | Size: 115–145 cm (45–57 in) long, plus 11–18 cm (4–7 in) tail Habitat: Forest, savanna, and shrubland Diet: Fruit, as well as leaves, seeds, buds, bark, and shoots | NT  Unknown |
| Zebra duiker | C. zebra (Gray, 1838) | Western Africa | Size: 70–90 cm (28–35 in) long, plus 10–15 cm (4–6 in) tail Habitat: Forest Diet: Fruit and leaves | VU  9,500 |
Genus Philantomba – Blyth, 1840 – three species :
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
| Blue duiker | P. monticola (Thunberg, 1789) Twelve subspecies P. m. aequatorialis P. m. anchietae P. m. bicolor P. m. congicus P. m. defriesi P. m. hecki P. m. lugens P. m. melanorheus P. m. monticola P. m. musculoides P. m. simpsoni P. m. sundevalli | Central and southern Africa | Size: 55–72 cm (22–28 in) long, plus 7–13 cm (3–5 in) tail Habitat: Forest Diet: Fruit, seeds, flowers, and fungi | LC  Unknown |
| Maxwell's duiker | P. maxwellii (H. Smith, 1827) Two subspecies P. m. danei P. m. maxwellii | Western Africa | Size: 36–40 cm (14–16 in) long Habitat: Forest and shrubland Diet: Leaves and fruit | LC  Unknown |
| Walter's duiker | P. walteri Colyn, Huselman, Sonet, Oudé, Winters, Natta, Nagy, Verheyen, 2010 | Western Africa | Size: Similar to Maxwell's duiker Habitat: Shrubland Diet: Leaves and fruit | DD  Unknown |
Genus Sylvicapra – Ogilby, 1837 – one species :
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
| Common duiker | S. grimmia (Linnaeus, 1758) Thirteen subspecies S. g. altivallis S. g. caffra S. g. campbelliae S. g. coronata S. g. grimmia S. g. hindei S. g. lobeliarum S. g. madoqua S. g. nyansae S. g. orbicularis S. g. pallidior S. g. splendidula S. g. steinhardti | Sub-Saharan Africa | Size: 70–105 cm (28–41 in) long, plus 10–20 cm (4–8 in) tail Habitat: Forest, savanna, shrubland, grassland, and desert Diet: Variety of foliage, herbs, fruit, seeds, and cultivated crops | LC  Unknown |

### Subfamily Hippotraginae

Genus Addax – Laurillard, 1841 – one species :
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
| Addax | A. nasomaculatus (Blainville, 1816) | Scattered western Africa | Size: 150–170 cm (59–67 in) long, plus 25–35 cm (10–14 in) tail Habitat: Savanna, grassland, and desert Diet: Grass and shrubs | CR  30–90 |
Genus Hippotragus – Sundevall, 1846 – three species :
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
| Bluebuck† | H. leucophaeus (Pallas, 1766) | Southern tip of Africa (former range) | Size: 230–300 cm (91–118 in) long Habitat: Grassland Diet: Grass | EX  0 |
| Roan antelope | H. equinus (Desmarest, 1804) Six subspecies H. e. bakeri H. e. cottoni H. e. equinus H. e. koba H. e. langheldi H. e. scharicus | Sub-Saharan Africa | Size: 190–240 cm (75–94 in) long, plus 37–48 cm (15–19 in) tail Habitat: Forest, savanna, shrubland, and grassland Diet: Grass | LC  50,000–60,000 |
| Sable antelope | H. niger (Harris, 1838) Four subspecies H. n. kirkii (Zambian sable antelope) H. n. niger (Southern sable antelope) H. n. roosevelti (Eastern sable antelope) H. n. variani (Giant sable antelope) | Southeastern Africa | Size: 190–255 cm (75–100 in) long, plus 40–75 cm (16–30 in) tail Habitat: Forest, savanna, shrubland, and grassland Diet: Grass, as well as forbs and leaves | LC  50,000–60,000 |
Genus Oryx – Blainville, 1816 – four species :
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
| Arabian oryx | O. leucoryx (Pallas, 1777) | Arabian Peninsula | Size: 153–235 cm (60–93 in) long, plus 45–90 cm (18–35 in) tail Habitat: Desert Diet: Grass and shrubs | VU  850 |
| East African oryx | O. beisa (Rüppell, 1835) Two subspecies O. b. beisa (Common beisa oryx) O. b. callotis (Fringe-eared oryx) | Eastern Africa | Size: 153–170 cm (60–67 in) long, plus 45–50 cm (18–20 in) tail Habitat: Savanna, shrubland, grassland, and desert Diet: Grass and shrubs, as well as melons, roots, bulbs, and tubers | EN  11,000–13,000 |
| Gemsbok | O. gazella (Linnaeus, 1758) | Southern Africa | Size: 180–195 cm (71–77 in) long Habitat: Savanna, shrubland, grassland, and desert Diet: Grass and shrubs, as well as melons, roots, bulbs, and tubers | LC  Unknown |
| Scimitar oryx | O. dammah (Cretzschmar, 1827) | Reservation in Chad | Size: 190–220 cm (75–87 in) long, plus 45–60 cm (18–24 in) tail Habitat: Savanna, shrubland, and desert Diet: Grass, herbs, roots, and buds, as well as fruit and vegetables | EN  150 |

### Subfamily Nesotraginae

Genus Nesotragus – von Düben, 1846 – two species :
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
| Bates's pygmy antelope | N. batesi (Winton, 1903) | Central Africa | Size: 50–58 cm (20–23 in) long, plus 4–5 cm (2–2 in) tail Habitat: Forest Diet: Leaves | LC  Unknown |
| Suni | N. moschatus von Dueben, 1846 Four subspecies N. m. kirchenpaueri N. m. livingstonianus N. m. moschatus N. m. zuluensis | Eastern Africa | Size: 57–62 cm (22–24 in) long Habitat: Forest and shrubland Diet: Leaves | LC  Unknown |

### Subfamily Reduncinae

Genus Kobus – Smith, 1840 – five species :
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
| Kob | K. kob (Erxleben, 1777) Three subspecies K. k. kob (Buffon's kob) K. k. leucotis (White-eared kob) K. k. thomasi (Ugandan kob) | Central and western Africa | Size: 160–180 cm (63–71 in) long, plus 10–15 cm (4–6 in) tail Habitat: Savanna, shrubland, grassland, and inland wetlands Diet: Grass | LC  500,000–1,000,000 |
| Lechwe | K. leche Gray, 1850 Four subspecies K. l. kafuensis (Kafue lechwe) K. l. leche (Red lechwe)† K. l. robertsi (Roberts' lechwe) K. l. smithemani (Black lechwe) | Scattered southern Africa | Size: 130–180 cm (51–71 in) long, plus 30–45 cm (12–18 in) tail Habitat: Forest, grassland, and inland wetlands Diet: Floodplain and aquatic grass | NT  Unknown |
| Nile lechwe | K. megaceros (Fitzinger, 1855) | South Sudan and Ethiopia | Size: 130–180 cm (51–71 in) long, plus 45–50 cm (18–20 in) tail Habitat: Grassland and inland wetlands Diet: Grass and water plants | EN  Unknown |
| Puku | K. vardonii (Livingstone, 1857) Two subspecies K. v. senganus K. v. vardonii | Scattered south-central Africa | Size: 126–142 cm (50–56 in) long Habitat: Savanna, grassland, and inland wetlands Diet: Grass | NT  Unknown |
| Waterbuck | K. ellipsiprymnus (Ogilby, 1833) Thirteen subspecies K. e. adolfifriderici K. e. annectens K. e. crawshayi (Crawshay defassa waterbuck) K. e. defassa K. e. ellipsiprymnus K. e. harnieri K. e. kondensis K. e. pallidus K. e. penricei (Angolan defassa waterbuck) K. e. thikae K. e. tjaederi K. e. tschadensis K. e. unctuosus | Sub-Saharan Africa (ellipsiprymnus, kondensis, pallidus, and thikae in yellow) | Size: 177–235 cm (70–93 in) long Habitat: Forest, savanna, shrubland, and grassland Diet: Grass and shrubs | LC  Unknown |
Genus Pelea – Gray, 1851 – one species :
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
| Grey rhebok | P. capreolus (Forster, 1790) | Southern Africa | Size: 115–125 cm (45–49 in) long Habitat: Savanna and grassland Diet: Shrubs and forbs | NT  Unknown |
Genus Redunca – H. Smith, 1827 – three species :
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
| Bohor reedbuck | R. redunca (Pallas, 1767) Seven subspecies R. r. bohor (Abyssinian bohor reedbuck) R. r. cottoni R. r. nigeriensis R. r. redunca R. r. wardi | Central Africa | Size: 100–135 cm (39–53 in) long Habitat: Savanna, shrubland, and grassland Diet: Grass | LC  Unknown |
| Mountain reedbuck | R. fulvorufula (Afzelius, 1815) Three subspecies R. f. adamauae (Adamawa mountain reedbuck) R. f. chanleri (Chanler's mountain reedbuck) R. f. fulvorufula (Southern mountain reedbuck) | Separated central, eastern, and southern Africa | Size: 100–124 cm (39–49 in) long, plus 13–20 cm (5–8 in) tail Habitat: Shrubland, grassland, and rocky areas Diet: Grass | EN  Unknown |
| Southern reedbuck | R. arundinum (Boddaert, 1785) | Southern Africa | Size: 134–167 cm (53–66 in) long Habitat: Savanna, shrubland, grassland, and inland wetlands Diet: Grass, as well as herbs and shrubs | LC  Unknown |