OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Palestinian Ambassador to the United Nations

The Palestinian Ambassador to the United Nations is the leader of the Palestinian delegation to the United Nations. The position is more formally known as the "Permanent Observer Mission of the State of Palestine to the United Nations;" however, both the title of Ambassador and "Permanent Observer" is used. The Permanent Observer, currently Riyad Mansour, is charged with representing the State of Palestine to the United Nations.

## History

In November 1974, the PLO was recognized as competent on all matters concerning the question of Palestine by the UN General Assembly granting them observer status as a "non-state entity" at the UN. After the 1988 Declaration of Independence, the UN General Assembly officially "acknowledged" the proclamation and decided to use the designation "Palestine" instead of "Palestine Liberation Organization" in the UN.
On 29 November 2012, in a 138-9 vote (with 41 abstentions and 5 absences), the United Nations General Assembly passed resolution 67/19, upgrading the status of Palestinian delegation within the United Nations system from an "observer entity" to a "non-member observer state", which was described as recognition of the PLO's sovereignty.
The UN has permitted the State of Palestine to title its representative office to the UN as "The Permanent Observer Mission of the State of Palestine to the United Nations", and Palestine has instructed its diplomats to officially represent "The State of Palestine"—no longer the Palestinian National Authority.
On 17 December 2012, UN Chief of Protocol Yeocheol Yoon declared that "the designation of 'State of Palestine' shall be used by the Secretariat in all official United Nations documents", thus recognising the title 'State of Palestine' as the state's official name for all UN purposes. As of 21 June 2024, 146 (75.6%) of the 193 member states of the United Nations have recognised the State of Palestine.

## Office holders

The following is a chronological list of those who have held the office:
| No. | Ambassador to UN | Years served | U.N. Secretary-General | Palestinian Leadership |
| 1 | Zuhdi Labib Terzi | 1974 - 1982 | Kurt Waldheim | Yasser Arafat |
| 1 | Zuhdi Labib Terzi | 1982 – 1991 | Javier Pérez de Cuéllar | Yasser Arafat |
| 2 | Nasser al-Qudwa | 1991 – 1997 | Boutros Boutros-Ghali | Yasser Arafat |
| 2 | Nasser al-Qudwa | 1997 – 2004 | Kofi Annan | Yasser Arafat |
| 2 | Nasser al-Qudwa | 2004 – 2005 | Kofi Annan | Mahmoud Abbas |
| 3 | Riyad Mansour | 2004 – 2005 | Kofi Annan | Mahmoud Abbas |
| 3 | Riyad Mansour | 2005 – 2017 | Ban Ki-moon | Mahmoud Abbas |
| 3 | Riyad Mansour | 2017 – present | António Guterres | Mahmoud Abbas |
# United Nations arms embargo on Somalia

As a reaction to the ongoing conflict and deteriorating humanitarian situation in Somalia, the United Nations Security Council imposed an open ended arms embargo on Somalia in January 1992.
The embargo was amended to allow arms supplies to Somali Government Forces in February 2007.
On 15 November 2019 the Security Council renewed the mandate until 15 December 2020, while also extending exemptions for the arms embargo and enforcement authorizations for the ban on illicit trade.
On 1 December 2023 after 31 years the Security Council lifted the longest arms embargo on the Somali Armed Forces and the Somali federal government, while continuing sanctions against the Al-Shabaab militant group.
# HLE

HLE or hle may refer to:

## Transportation

* Heiligerlee railway stop (Station code Hle), the Netherlands
* Hillington East railway station (Station code HLE), Scotland
* Saint Helena Airport (IATA airport code), Saint Helena

## Science and technology

* Hardware Lock Elision, part of Intel's Transactional Synchronization Extensions
* High-level emulation, an emulator for the Nintendo 64
* HLE (Humanity's Last Exam), a language model benchmark

## Other uses

* Harold Lloyd Entertainment
* HLE (singer), stage name of South African gospel singer Hlengiwe Ntombela
* Hlersu language (ISO 639-3 code), spoken in China
* Holy Land Experience, a theme park in Orlando, Florida, US
* Hong Kong Higher Level Examination, a standardized examination from 1979 to 1992
# Francis MacKinnon

Francis Alexander MacKinnon, The 35th MacKinnon of MacKinnon DL (9 April 1848 – 27 February 1947) was the longest-lived Test cricketer until being surpassed by Eric Tindill of New Zealand on 8 November 2009. MacKinnon, who was 98 years, 324 days old when he died, was the oldest-ever first-class cricketer at that time.
MacKinnon was born at Acryse Park, near Folkestone in Kent, and was educated at Harrow School. An amateur cricketer, he joined the MCC in 1870, and played first-class cricket from 1870 to 1885.
He attended St John's College, Cambridge, graduating in 1871. He played cricket for Cambridge University, winning his blue in 1870. He played in the famous University match in 1870, known as Cobden's Match, in which Cambridge's Frank Cobden conceded only one run and took three wickets in the last four-ball over to win the match by two runs.
MacKinnon played for Kent County Cricket Club from 1875. He toured Australia with Lord Harris in 1878–79, and played his only Test on this tour, making 0 and 5 in his two innings, bowled by Fred Spofforth twice. His first dismissal was the second in the first Test hat-trick. He was President of Kent in 1889.
In 1888, MacKinnon married the Hon. Emily Hood. They had one son and one daughter. His wife died in 1934.
He was a captain in the Royal East Kent Yeomanry from 1871 to 1893, promoted to honorary major in 1886 and resigned, but was re-appointed captain on 14 March 1900. He was a justice of the peace and Deputy Lieutenant for Kent from April 1900 to 1902. On the death of his father in 1903, he became The MacKinnon of Mackinnon, the 35th Chief of the Mackinnon Clan.
He died at his home, Drumduan, in Forres in Morayshire, Scotland.
# Sabia swinhoei

Sabia swinhoei, known as Swinhoe's sabia, is a species that belongs to the Sabia genus in the Sabiaceae family. It was first published as a new species in Taiwan in 1886.

## Discovery

R. Swinhoe collected the species in Taiwan in 1862. In 1886, William Botting Hemsley (1843-1924), a British botanist, published the specimen as a new species. The holotype specimen is preserved in the Royal Botanic Garden, Kew, UK.

## Distribution

The plant can be found in northern Taiwan, in mountain forests at an altitude of 400 to 2300 meters.

## Description

A climbing vine with long runners, entire plant pubescence. The stem can reach 4 to 5 m (13 to 16 ft) in length and is often branched. Alternating elliptical leaves, 6 to 10 cm (2.4 to 3.9 in) in length and 2 to 3.5 cm (0.79 to 1.38 in) in width, with an acute apex and ovate base. The leaves are entire and coriaceous. The adaxial surface is green, conduplicate, with pubescent in the midrib, while the abaxial surface is lighter in color, cucullate, and pilose. Four lateral veins and fine veins are present on each side. The petiole is 0.2 to 0.5 cm (0.079 to 0.197 in) in length.
The flowers are small and arranged in cymes of 3, axillary, with a diameter of 0.6 to 0.8 cm (0.24 to 0.31 in) when open. The pedicel is hairy and slender, approximately 2 to 3 cm (0.79 to 1.18 in) in length, with 2 bracts in the center. The calyx is imbricate with 5 ovate lobes, acute at the apex and hairy at the front. There are 5 opposite ovate, hairy, petals with an acute apex and an acuminate back. The number of petals is the same as the number of stamens, with sider filaments. The anthers are sparsely hairy at the front. The disk is annular with indistinct lobules. The ovary is bilocular, glabrous, and smooth. The fruit is a globose drupe, 0.8 to 0.9 cm (0.31 to 0.35 in) in diameter, blue-black when mature. The flowering period is from March to April while the fruiting period is from July to September.
# Bahadurganj

Bahadurganj may refer to:
* Bahadurganj, Kishanganj, a town in Kishanganj district, Bihar, India
* Bahadurganj, Ghazipur, a town in Ghazipur district, Uttar Pradesh, India
* Bahadurganj, Lumbini, Nepal
* Bahadurganj (Vidhan Sabha constituency) in Kishanganj district, Bihar
# Marcel Letestu

Marcel Letestu (8 April 1918 – 29 August 2006) was a Général de brigade of the French Army and Commandant of the Foreign Legion.

## Military career

Marcel enlisted in the French Army in 1936 and became a Sergent (Sergeant) in 1938. A Sous-Officiers in the Franc Corps of the 160th Infantry Regiment (French: 160$^e$ Régiment d'Infanterie de Forteresse) in 1939 to 1940 at the front, he was made captive during the Phoney War. He managed to escape a stalag and joined the free zone.
He entered to the École militaire interarmes of Cherchell. He graduated as a Major of his promotion.
At the end of war, he was named as an instructor at the Perfection Officer School (French: école de perfectionnement des officiers) of Achern. In 1950, he was the champion of France for precision shooting and recordman for rapid shooting.
Promoted Captain in 1951, he joined the 5th Foreign Infantry Regiment 5$^e$ REI where he was cited and wounded in 1952.
He then served in Algeria where he commanded a battalion of the 1st Foreign Regiment 1$^e$ RE. He was then assigned to the École spéciale militaire de Saint-Cyr, where he commanded a company prior to assuming the role of an infantry instructor.
Promoted to Chef de bataillon (Commandant -Major) in 1958, he commanded a general staff headquarters Division of the 3rd Foreign Infantry Regiment 3$^e$ REI in the Sud-Oranais. He then commanded the Foreign at Madagascar, prior to becoming the regimental commander of the 1st Foreign Regiment 1$^e$ RE in 1970. During his tenure, the Operational Group of the Foreign Legion G.O.L.E was created, then in 1972, the Foreign Legion Groupment G.L.E at Aubagne and the 2nd Foreign Infantry Regiment 2$^e$ REI, leading to the formation of the Commandement de la Légion Étrangère which he assumed the first command.
He left the command of the Legion in 1973 to command, in 1974, the 23rd Territorial Military Division. He left active duty service in 1976.
Since 22 October 1977, général Letestu is the Patron of the École militaire interarmes promotion « Lieutenant Chezeau » (E.M.I.A 1977-1978) of the 1st Parachute Hussard Regiment 1$^{er}$ RHP.

## Recognitions and Honors

* Grand-croix de la Légion d'honneur
* Croix de guerre 1939-1945
* Croix de guerre des théâtres d'opérations extérieures
* Croix de la Valeur militaire
* Croix du combattant volontaire
* Croix du combattant
* Médaille des évadés
* 8 decorations
He was commended 13 times, 8 of which were in the Armed Forces order.
# Ab Shuri

Ab Shuri (Persian: ابشوري, also Romanized as Ābshūrī, Āb Shūrī, and Āb Shūrī; also known as Ābshūr) is a village in Sudlaneh Rural District, in the Central District of Quchan County, Razavi Khorasan province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 516, in 138 families.
# Jesús District, Atenas

Jesús is a district of the Atenas canton, in the Alajuela province of Costa Rica.

## Geography

Jesús has an area of 17.96 square kilometres (6.93 sq mi) and an elevation of 874 metres (2,867 ft).

## Demographics

For the 2011 census, Jesús had a population of 3,631 inhabitants.

## Transportation
### Road transportation

The district is covered by the following road routes:
* National Route 3
* National Route 27
* National Route 707
* National Route 713
# Resistencia Cathedral

The St. Ferdinand the King Cathedral (Spanish: Catedral de San Fernando Rey de Resistencia), also called Resistencia Cathedral is a Roman Catholic cathedral in Resistencia, Argentina. It is the seat of the Archdiocese of Resistencia, and the head of an ecclesiastical province which covers the Argentine provinces of Chaco and Formosa. It was built in the 1930s.
On July 3, 1939, Pope Pius XII divided the diocese of Santa Fe to create the diocese of Resistance, which Pope John Paul II elevated to the rank of archdiocese on April 1, 1984.
On May 5, 1999, the Executive Branch of the province of Chaco declared the cathedral as part of the "cultural heritage of the province".
In late 2008, the cathedral began deep internal and external renovations that had a completion date for Easter Sunday 2009.
# Kuruthukuli

Kuruthukuli is a small village in Ooty, The Nilgiris, Tamil Nadu. Located in 10 km from the Ooty town, this village is already in the Guinness Book of Records for planting the most number of tree saplings by village people in a single day. Being just near the Parsons Valley, this village is a beautiful place to live in and to visit.
# Paul Rezeanu

Paul Rezeanu (born November 9, 1937, in Breaza, Prahova County, Romania — died March 1, 2021, in Bucharest, Romania) was a Romanian art historian and critic, contemporary art expert, and professor at the University of Craiova. He is best known for his research on the life and work of Romanian sculptor Constantin Brâncuși, who worked in France.

## Biography

In 1964, he graduated from the University of Bucharest, Faculty of History. In 1976, he defended his dissertation "Fine Arts in Oltenia (1821-1944)" and received a PhD in history with a specialization in art history. In 1970 he started working as a researcher at the III sector of the History of Art of the Romanian Academy, department in Craiova, In the same year he was appointed and worked until his retirement in 2004 as director of the Craiova Art Museum, then worked as a researcher at the museum (2004–2009). His tenure at the Faculty of Theology in Craiova included the role of lecturer (1994–1998), and later of the university professor (1998–2008), where he taught courses on "History of Art" and "History and Spirituality of Byzantium".
Since 1982, Rezianu was a member of the Romanian Artists' Union [ro], Section of History and Criticism. He was an expert on Romanian contemporary art and a member of the ICOM-UNESCO, Paris.
Paul Rezianu has more than a thousand published works, of which more than one hundred and twenty are in professional journals. He has also edited more than thirty books on art history and theory, including monographs on cultural phenomena in Oltena. In addition, he published forty brochures for exhibitions from France, the United States, Germany, Italy, Great Britain, Spain, and other countries that took place in Craiova. He is the author of the History of Fine Arts in Oltenia - 1800–2000, which has gone through several editions.

## Awards

* Order of Merit in Culture [ro];
* Laureate of the Romanian Academy for the monograph "Constantin Lecca" (2007);
* Laureate of the Pro-Victoria Arte Prize of the Marcel Guguianu Foundation (1998);
* Honorary citizen of Craiova (2012).

## Selected bibliography

* Artele plastice în Oltenia (1821–1944) (Scrisul Românesc, 1980)
* Ghidul Muzeului de Artă Craiova (in five editions, Meridiane, Arc 2000)
* Constantin Lecca (monograph, Meridiane, 1988, Arcade, 2005)
* Eustațiu Stoenescu (monograph, Meridiane, 1985, Arc 2000, 1998)
* Pictorul Stoica Dumitrescu (monograph, Meridiane, 1990)
* Craiova. Studii și cercetări de istorie și istoria artei (Helios, 1999)
* Brâncuși la Craiova (Arc 2000, 2001)
* Artiști plastici craioveni (Arc 2000, 2003)
* Craiova. Amintirile orașului (Alma, 2007)
* Sculptori puțin cunoscuți (Alma, 2007)
* Caricaturistul N.S. Petrescu — Găină (monograph, Alma, 2008)
* Pictori puțin cunoscuți (Alma, 2009)
* Istoria artelor plastice în Oltenia (Alma, vol. I, 2010; vol. II, 2013)
* Brâncuși. Tatăl nostru (monograph, Autograf, 2012)
* Brâncuși. Ultimul dac (Autograf, 2014)
* Brâncuși. The Man and His Artwork. Catalogue raisonné of the sculptures. (Monitorul Oficial R.A., 2019)
# Nigu River

The Nigu River is a 70-mile (110 km) tributary of the Etivluk River in the U.S. state of Alaska. Arising on the north slope of the Brooks Range just west of Gates of the Arctic National Park and Preserve, the Nigu flows generally northwest to meet the Etivluk about 25 miles (40 km) northwest of Howard Pass. The Nigu flows through some of the most remote locations in northern Alaska for its entire length.
# Nasser al-Qudwa

Nasser Al Qudwa, also spelled Nasser Al-Kidwa (Arabic: ناصر القدوة; born 1953) is a Palestinian politician. A long-time activist in Fatah, he represented the Palestine Liberation Organization at the United Nations from 1991 to 2005, when he became the Foreign Minister of the Palestinian Authority. Al Qudwa served in that role until 2006.

## Early life and education

Al Qudwa was born in 1953. He attended Cairo University, graduating with a degree in dentistry in 1979. Then became an executive member of the Palestinian Red Crescent shortly after.

## Career

Al Qudwa joined Fatah in 1969. He became president of the General Union of Palestinian Students in 1974. He is also a central-committee member of Fatah.
Qudwa represented his uncle Yasser Arafat and the Palestine Liberation Organization as an unofficial observer in the United Nations in 1987, then as a permanent observer in 1991. In 2005, he was succeeded by Riyad H. Mansour, when he became Foreign Affairs Minister in the Palestinian Authority Government of February 2005. Nasser served as United Nations Deputy Special Representative of the Secretary-General for Afghanistan in the United Nations Assistance Mission in Afghanistan (UNAMA). Al Qudwa was appointed deputy to Kofi Annan, then special envoy to Syria for the U.N. and Arab League in March 2012. He was responsible for the contacts with Syrian opposition groups. In 2014, Al Qudwa resigned from his position as U.N. Deputy Mediator on Syria.
On 21 March 2021, the Fatah Central Committee dismissed Al Qudwa from the party after he announced plans to run a separate list of candidates under the National Democratic Forum bloc in the 2021–22 Palestinian local elections. He also announced plans to back Marwan Barghouthi, serving life sentences in Israeli prison for murder, in the 2021 Palestinian presidential election, which was delayed indefinitely. Al Qudwa's announcement and subsequent dismissal represented fissures in Fatah, as Al Qudwa called for Fatah leaders to stand against PA President Mahmoud Abbas.

## Personal life

Al Qudwa is the nephew of Yasir Arafat. He is the head of the Yasser Arafat Foundation.
# Malda railway division

Malda railway division is one of the four railway divisions under the jurisdiction of Eastern Railway zone of the Indian Railways. This railway division was formed in 1975 and its headquarters is located at Malda in West Bengal, India.
Asansol railway division, Sealdah railway division and Howrah railway division are the other railway divisions under the ER Zone headquartered at Kolkata.

## List of railway stations and towns

The list includes the stations under the Malda railway division and their station category.
| Category of station | No. of stations | Names of stations |
| A-1 | 2 | Malda Town, Bhagalpur |
| A | 2 | Jamalpur Junction, New Farakka Junction |
| B | 4 | Kahalgaon, Sultanganj, Sahibganj Junction And Barharwa Junction |
| C | - | suburban stations |
| D | 13 | - |
| E | 39 | - |
| F | 40 | halt stations |
| Total | 100 | - |
The symbol - indicates stations closed for passengers.
# Kiril Milanov

Kiril Milanov (Bulgarian: Кирил Миланов; 17 September 1948 – 25 January 2011) was a Bulgarian football player who played as a forward.
He played in Marek Dupnitsa, Akademik Sofia and Levski Sofia. He also played for Bulgaria national football team, earning 21 caps and scored 4 goals. Kiril Milanov holds the record for most goals in European club football for a single game with 6 and a tie with 10. He set these records against Finnish Cup Winners Reipas Lahti in 1976–77 CWC season scoring 6 in Sofia and 4 in the away game.

## Honours

PFC Levski Sofia
* Bulgarian Cup: 1976, 1977
* Champion of Bulgaria: 1974, 1977
Bulgaria
* 1974 FIFA World Cup – 12th place with Bulgaria
* 1973–76 Balkan Cup – 1st place with Bulgaria
Individual
* UEFA Cup Winners' Cup top scorer: 1976–77 (13 goals)
Records
* European Record for most individual goals in a game in all UEFA competitions – 6 goals
* European Record for most individual goals in a tie in all UEFA competitions – 10 goals
* UEFA Cup Winners' Cup All-time top scorers Ratio ranking – 1st place
* Most goals in a single season in UEFA Cup Winners' Cup All-time ranking – 2nd place
* UEFA Cup Winners' Cup All-time top scorers – 7th place (14 goals)
# George L. Lilley

George Leavens Lilley (August 3, 1859 – April 21, 1909) was an American politician who served as a United States representative from Connecticut's at-large district, and as the 63rd governor of Connecticut.

## Biography

Born in Oxford, Massachusetts, Lilley was the son of John Leavens Lilley and Caroline W. (Adams) Lilley. He attended the common schools of Oxford, the Worcester High School, and Worcester Technical Institute. He moved to Waterbury, Connecticut, in 1881 and engaged in mercantile pursuits and the real estate business. He married Anna E. H. Steele on June 17, 1884. The couple had three sons, Frederick, John, and Theodore.

## Career

A member of Connecticut Republican State Committee from 1901 to 1909, Lilley also served in the Connecticut House of Representatives from 1901 to 1903.
Lilley was elected as a Republican to the 58th, 59th, and 60th Congresses, holding office from March 4, 1903, to January 5, 1909. He did not seek renomination in 1908, having become a candidate for Governor. By resolution of the House of January 20, 1909, the seat was declared to have been vacated on January 6, 1909, for the reason that incumbent had entered upon the duties of the office of Governor of Connecticut the preceding day, however this only occurred because Lilley submitted his letter of resignation to the Governor of Connecticut instead of the Speaker of the House.
Lilley won the 1908 Republican gubernatorial nomination, and was elected Governor of Connecticut. During his short tenure, he increased funding for the public school system and appropriations were budgeted for a statewide movement against tuberculosis. He also endorsed governing monopolies and establishing a public service commission, but both issues were defeated by the legislature.

## Death

Lilley was Governor of Connecticut from January 6, 1909, until his unexpected death on April 21, 1909, in Hartford. He was a member of the Union League.