OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# One Hundred Thousand Whys

One Hundred Thousand Whys (Chinese: 十萬個為什麼) is a popular science book series in China, mostly intended for children. The series is named after former Soviet Union Writer Mikhail Il'in [ru]'s Сто тысяч почему (Sto tysyach pochemu, literally "A Hundred Thousand Whys"), also published in English as 100,000 Whys: A Trip Around the Room.

## History
### Soviet version

The Chinese title was originally used in 1934 for a version of Il'in's book by Dong Chuncai, published by Kaiming Bookstore [zh]. A 1938 translation was also published by Zhen Bin. The Kaiming version was a big hit, so the publisher kept revising it and adding new content. By 1949 it was on its tenth revision.

### Chinese versions

In 1958, Shanghai Youth and Children's Press planned a large popular science book series and invited over 200 authors to contribute. The first edition was published in 1960, with volumes in Math, Physics, Chemistry, Astronomy and Meteorology, Agriculture, Zoology, Geology, and Health. A third of the book was written by Ye Yonglie, who contributed over 300 topics. By 1964 it had been reprinted 11 times and totalled 5.8 million copies. Six additional volumes were published between 1964 and 1966.
In 1971 the third edition, called the "worker, farmer and soldier" edition, was published by Shanghai People's Press, with 21 volumes. This version has a lot of political content, such as frequent quotes from Mao Zedong. The political content is largely dropped in revisions after the Cultural Revolution.
By 2000, the series had printed over ten million copies and over 100 million volumes. Shanghai Youth and Children's Press tried to trademark the title, but the application was denied because it had become a common book title. There are over 500 versions of books with this title from various publishing houses, according to the Beijing Kaijuan Book Market Research Institute.
# The Story of Nastagio Degli Onesti, part one

The Story of Nastagio Degli Onesti, part one is a painting in tempera on wood by the Italian Renaissance master Sandro Botticelli, dated 1483. It measures 83 x 138 cm and is in the Museo del Prado in Madrid.

## History

The picture is one of a series of four, possibly commissioned by Lorenzo the Magnificent in 1483 to donate to Giannozzo Pucci on the occasion of his wedding to Lucrezia Bini that year. The four were held in the Palazzo Pucci in Florence until 1868, when they were sold. The first three are now in the Prado, and the last one is now in original location after having spent some time in the Watney Collection in Charlbury, Oxfordshire, England.

## Description and style

The story of Nastagio degli Onesti, a nobleman of Ravenna, is the eighth tale of the fifth day in The Decameron by Giovanni Boccaccio. This theme was chosen for its happy ending to a love affair, in which the daughter of Paolo Traversari, who rejects Nastagio's courting, changes her mind after witnessing the infernal punishment of another woman guilty of the same sin of ingratitude towards her lover.
The first episode of the story is set in a pine wood around Ravenna, the city where the story takes place. Nastagio has left the city, disappointed by his unreturned affection, and wanders alone and sorrowful. He is surprised by the sudden appearance of a woman being chased by a knight and his dogs, which seize her in their teeth in spite of Nastagio's attempts to defend her.
On the left in the painting are some tents, in which Nastagio (in the red hose) is seen being advised by his friends to leave town for a while. Then Nastagio is shown in close-up, roaming the forest. He appears again nearby with a stick, seeking to drive away the dogs that are trying to bite a half-naked woman, chased by a dashing knight with a sword and golden armour.
The scene has a strong narrative character, showing successive scenes within one picture and requiring three representations of Nastagio, a typically late medieval procedure. The tall, upright trunks of the trees combine with the horizontal seascape in the background to form a kind of grid, giving a remarkable effect of depth. The drama combines with the formal elegance of the slender figures and the graceful gestures of people and animals to achieve a magical suspension between fable and reality. Although the conception of the four pictures is due to Botticelli, the execution was entrusted in part to his assistants, in particular Bartolomeo di Giovanni for the first three pictures and Jacopo da Sellaio for the fourth.
# Sima

Sima or SIMA may refer to:

## People

* Sima (Chinese surname)
* Sima (Persian given name), a Persian feminine name in use in Iran and Turkey
* Sima (Indian given name), an Indian feminine name used in South Asia
* Sima (surname)
* Sima (born 1996), Slovak singer

## Places

* Sima, Comoros, on the island of Anjouan, near Madagascar
* Sima de los Huesos, a cavern in Spain, major site of ancient hominin fossils, known as Sima hominins
* Sima, Hungary
* Sima, Jinxiang County, town in Jinxiang County, Shandong, China
* Sima, Nepal, in the Jajarkot District of Nepal
* Sima (river), a river Hordaland, Norway
* Sima, Tibet, village in the north of the Tibet Autonomous Region, China
* Sima, Spanish for sinkhole or pit cave, found in several placenames
** Sima de las Cotorras, Chiapas, Mexico

## Others

* Independent Union of Maritime and Related Workers (SIMA), in Angola
* Sima (architecture), the upturned edge of a classical roof
* SIMA, a shipbuilding and maritime services company in Peru
* Sima (geology), the lower part of Earth's crust
* Sima Hydroelectric Power Station, Eidfjord, Vestland, Norway
* Sima (mead), a mead from Finland
* Sima (office), the Chinese title roughly equivalent to "field marshal"
* Sima or bai sema, the ritual boundary around a Buddhist ordination hall
* Sīmā, a Pali term for the Buddhist ordination hall
* Sima (Swahili food), a dumpling made from corn meal, banana, semolina or cassava flour, also called Ugali
* Scalable Instructable Multiworld Agent (SIMA), a type of artificial intelligence model introduced by Google DeepMind
* Sima, A real estate valuation company in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
# Tuina maurella

Tuina maurella is a moth in the subfamily Arctiinae. It was described by Max Wilhelm Karl Draudt in 1919. It is found in Costa Rica.
# No. 1422 Flight RAF

No. 1422 (Night Fighter) Flight was an independent Royal Air Force flight, used to test night fighting techniques and tactics.

## History

The unit started originally as No. 422 (Fighter Interception) Flight, formed on 14 October 1940 at RAF Shoreham to study the use of single-seat night fighters That unit went up into No. 96 Squadron RAF on 18 December 1940.
The unit was reformed as No. 1422 (Night Fighter) Flight at RAF Heston on 12 May 1941, equipped with a variety of night fighters for trials and experimental work. Tactics were developed here for the Turbinlite Douglas Havoc and Turbinlite de Havilland Mosquito, as well as radar equipped aircraft. The flight was disbanded on 3 June 1944 to become the Special Projectile Flight of the Royal Aircraft Establishment.
# Hanns-Peter Boehm

Hanns-Peter Boehm (9 January 1928 – 10 May 2022) was a German chemist and professor emeritus at Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität in Munich, Germany. Boehm is considered a pioneer of graphene research.

## Biography

Hanns-Peter Boehm studied chemistry in Regensburg from 1947 to 1951. He received his doctorate in 1953 at Technische Universität Darmstadt, where he also received his habilitation in 1959 with the treatise Oberflächenchemie und Adsorption an Kohlenstoff und SiO$_2$. In 1961, Boehm, together with Ralph Setton and Eberhard Stumpp, isolated and identified single graphene sheets by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction. In 1986 they authored the IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry) report formally defining the term graphene. In 1970 Boehm became professor and director of the Institute for Inorganic Chemistry of Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität in Munich; in 1994 he retired to the status of professor emeritus.
# Asmirandah

Asmirandah Zantman (born 5 October 1989), also known as Asmirandah, currently named herself as "Maria Wattimena" is an Indonesian actress and singer. She began her career in the world of entertainment through the soap opera, Kawin Gantung.

## Biography

Asmirandah was born October 5, 1989, in Jakarta, she is the last child of H. Anton Farmidji Zantman and Hj. Sani Suliwati. She is mixed due to the fact that her father is Dutch and her mother Betawi.
She started appearing in Indonesians soaps operas in early 2004. She progressed to older model roles in several commercials such as Coca-Cola and Suzuki, with her advantageous physical appearance and her long hair.
In 2012, Asmirandah published her first collection of short stories, Lovandah.

## Personal life

Asmirandah has had a relationship with actor Dude Harlino in the late 2000s, but they eventually separated because of the age difference in 2011. In 2012, she confirmed her relationship with actor Jonas Rivanno despite their religious differences, which establishes a controversy in the Indonesian culture and has not been approved by Asmirandah's family.
Educated in a devout Muslim family, she converted to Protestantism and was baptized in July 2013, then married Jonas Rivanno in Singapore, on 22 December 2013. She denied the rumors of forced conversion, saying it was voluntary after dreaming of Jesus.
Today she uses the alias name Maria Wattimena, given by Rivanno.

## Filmography
### Feature films

* Liar (Wild Ones; 2008)
* Ketika Cinta Bertasbih 2 (When love glorify 2; 2009)
* Dalam Mihrab Cinta (In the sanctuary of love; 2010)
* Jakarta Hati (Jakarta Heart; 2012)
* Rectoverso (Rectoverso; 2013)
* Isyarat (Signal; 2013)

### Soap operas
## Discography

* Ketulusan Cinta (2009)
* Salahkah Kita (2009)
* Bunga-Bunga Cinta (2010)
* Lagu Tema Agu Inkin Kamu (2011)
* Aku Jatu Hati (2012)
* Kesetiaanmu Selamatkanku (2015)

## Video Clips

| Year | Title | Artist |
| 2006 | Benci Bilang Cinta | Radja |
| 2009 | Salahkah Kita | RobinHood |
| 2011 | Dalam Mihrab Cinta | Afgansyah Reza |
| 2011 | Bunga-Bunga Cinta | Dude Harlino |
| 2012 | Malaikat Cinta | Kapten |
| 2012 | Ikhlas | Radja |

## Awards and nominations

| Year | Award | Category | Recipients | Results |
| 2012 | Panasonic Gobel Awards | Favorite Actress | Asmirandah | Won |
| 2013 | Nickelodeon Indonesia Kids' Choice Awards | Favorite Actress | Asmirandah | Won |
# Mohan Singh Diwana

Mohan Singh Uberoi Diwana (17 March 1899 – 25 May 1984), more commonly known as Mohan Singh Diwana, was a Punjabi literary scholar and a poet.

## Biography
### Personal life

Diwana was born in Devi village of Rawalpindi district in Punjab Province, British India in 1899. His wife was Devinder Kaur, from whom he separated in 1953. From 1975 onwards, he lived mostly in Chandigarh. His son J. P. S. Uberoi (1934-2024) grew up to become a renowned sociologist.
The Sahitya Academy published a detailed work on the life and work of Diwana by Harbhajan Singh Bhatia in the Punjabi language.

### Education

Diwana did his B.A. (Hons) in English from the Government College, Lahore, M.A. in English Literature from Calcutta University (1924), and PhD in Urdu literature from Calcutta University (1931). In 1933, he was awarded a D.Litt. by Punjab University for writing the first-ever systematic history of Punjabi literature.

### Teaching

Diwana was appointed a lecturer of Punjabi at Panjab University, Lahore, in 1928, a post he held till 1944. From then till his retirement in 1959, he served as Reader and head of the Punjabi department at the same university.

## Contributions

* Diwana is known for the first authentic research in the history of Panjabi literature, which resulted in the book History of Panjabi Literature (1100 - 1932) (1933). In this book, he divides Punjabi literature chronologically into 'the Pre-Nanak Age', 'the Age of Nanak', 'the Later Moghul Period', 'the Age of Ranjit Singh', and 'the British Period'.
* Some of Diwana's well-known works of poetry include Nīl Dhārā (The Blue Ocean, 1935), Jagat Tamāsha (The World Fair, 1942), Mastī (Ecstasy, 1946–49), and Dhup Chāṅ (Sunshine and Shade, 1932).
* Diwana discovered the 'Adi Sakhian' tradition of Janamsakhi when he came across a manuscript dated to 1701 A.D., while teaching at the Panjab University, Lahore.
* He is regarded as the 'undisputed saviour' of Shah Hussain's 'kafis' in the written form, by having discovered several old manuscripts.
# Akhtarul Islam Shahin

Akhtarul Islam Shahin is an Indian politician from Bihar. He is serving as a third term member of the Bihar Legislative Assembly from Samastipur Assembly constituency since 2010. He is a representing the Rashtriya Janata Dal, led by Lalu Prasad Yadav and Tejashwi Yadav. He is the deputy chief whip of Rashtriya Janata Dal, the main opposition party in the state legislature since 2022.

## Early life and education

Shahin was born to Abdus Salam in Samastipur district of Bihar. He has completed his Intermediate from Inter College, Patna.

## Career

Akhtarul Islam Shahin fought 2010 Bihar Legislative Assembly election at the age of 31 from Samastipur Assembly constituency as a candidate of Rashtriya Janata Dal and won against nearest rival Ram Nath Thakur of Janata Dal (United) with a margin of 1827 votes. He again won 2015 Bihar Legislative Assembly election from the same constituency against the nearest rival Renu Kumari, a candidate of Bharatiya Janata Party with a margin of 31080 votes. He won 2020 Bihar Legislative Assembly election from the same constituency against the rival candidate Ashwamedh Devi of Janata Dal (United) with a margin of 4714 votes.
# Ignacio Maganto

Ignacio "Nacho" Maganto Pérez (born 2 January 1992) is a Spanish footballer who plays for México FC.

## Career
### Youth, college and amateur

Maganto spent five seasons in the Getafe youth system. Maganto was offered a contract to play for Getafe's B team but instead elected to move to the United States to play football on a scholarship at Iona College. In his four seasons with the Gaels, he made a total of 71 appearances and tallied 27 goals and 14 assists.
He also played in the Premier Development League with Reading United, making a total of 9 appearances and tallied 2 goals.

### Professional
#### LA Galaxy

On 15 January 2015, Maganto was selected 21st overall in the 2015 MLS SuperDraft by the LA Galaxy. He signed a professional contract with the club two months later. On 22 March, Maganto made his professional debut with USL affiliate club LA Galaxy II in a 0–0 draw against Real Monarchs SLC. On 19 April, Maganto made another appearance with LA Galaxy II against Austin Aztex FC that ended in a 2–1 victory for the Galaxy.
On 2 May 2015, Maganto made his debut for the first team, starting on the left side of midfield, against Colorado Rapids. Maganto ended his debut early when he was substituted off in the 72nd minute for goal scorer Alan Gordon as the Galaxy completed the game with a 1–1 draw. On 28 May, Magnato played the full 90 minutes for the first time in the home match against Real Salt Lake that ended in a 1–0 win for the Galaxy. Maganto scored a one-touch goal, his first for the Galaxy, in an away game against New England Revolution that ended in a 2–2 draw on 31 May.
He was waived by LA Galaxy on 29 February 2016.

#### Hajduk Split

Maganto joined Croatian side Hajduk Split on trial in mid-June 2016, eventually signing with the club on 26 July 2016. After 9 league appearances, of which two were in the starting line-up, Maganto was released by Hajduk on 7 January 2017.

## Career statistics

    As of 29 February 2016
| Club | Season | League | League | League | U.S. Open Cup | U.S. Open Cup | MLS Cup | MLS Cup | CONCACAF | CONCACAF | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| LA Galaxy II | 2015 | USL Pro | 9 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | — | — | 9 | 0 |
| LA Galaxy | 2015 | MLS | 13 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 1 | 20 | 2 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 15 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 29 | 2 |
# Rhexia nuttallii

Rhexia nuttallii, commonly known as Nuttall's meadowbeauty, is a flowering plant species in the Melastomataceae family, native to Georgia and Florida in the United States. This perennial, which grows up to 35 cm (14 in), thrives in wet areas including pine woodlands, depressions, flatwoods, and along pond edges.
# Lago di Ledro

Lago di Ledro is a lake in Trentino, northern Italy. The lake is at an elevation of 655 metres (2,149 ft), and its surface area is 2.187 km$^2$ (0.844 sq mi).
Lake Ledro is reputed to be one of the cleanest lakes in Trentino, and during the summer it reaches a temperature of 24 °C (75 °F), attracting tourists with its four bathing banks.
In 2009 and 2011, the lake suffered from algal blooms, caused by Planktothrix.

## History

Lake Ledro originates from the deposition of a morainal bank during the fourth glacial era. Since 1929, the lake level has been regulated to suit the energy requirements of the hydroelectric power station of Riva del Garda, which uses the water of the lake to produce electricity on a pumped-storage basis.
The Lake's water sources are mainly underneath the lake. There are also tributaries (Massangla (at the West end of the lake, joined by the Torrente Assat of Pieve), Assat of Pur (from the South, at the East end of the lake), and Rio di Val Molini (at the Northern corner at the West end of the lake)), although these are dry for most of the year.
At Lake Ledro is the site of an archaeological area with an associated museum and botanical garden situated on the River Ponale flowing out of the lake to the east. The area was discovered in 1929 when the level of the lake was lowered to supply the hydroelectric plant being built at Riva del Garda. The archaeological site still shows many features and traditions of the Neolithic period, but also impulses of the Early Bronze Age. It is one of the most important in Europe for evidencing the extent and wealth of the manufactures of its time.
# Toi Inagawa

Toi Inagawa (稲川 土肥, Inagawa Toi, 1940 – May 29, 2005), a.k.a. Yuko Inagawa (稲川 裕紘, Inagawa Yuko), was kaicho (Godfather) of the Inagawa-kai yakuza gang in Japan from 1990 until 2005. He was also second socho of the Inagawa-ikka.
Inagawa was the son of Kakuji Inagawa, the gang's founder. In 1990, he took over from Susumu Ishii to become the Inagawa-kai's third kaicho.
Toi Inagawa died in May 2005. As of October 2005, a clear successor has not emerged, but Inagawa's son Hideki Inagawa is seen as the most likely candidate.
# Stanislava Bubulytė

Stanislava "Stasė" Bubulytė (born 5 May 1945) is a retired Lithuanian rower who won two gold and two silver medals in the eights event at the European Championships of 1963–1966. After graduating from the Vilnius University, she worked as mechanical engineer and designer in Vilnius (1969–1999), and later at Sigma tools (1999–2003).
# Alden Roche

Alden Stephen Rochè Jr. (/roʊˈʃeɪ/ roh-SHAY; April 9, 1945 – May 29, 2022) was an American professional football player who was a defensive end for nine seasons in the National Football League (NFL). He played for the Denver Broncos, Green Bay Packers, and Seattle Seahawks from 1970 to 1978, having earlier played college football at Southern University.

## Early life

Roche was born in New Orleans on April 9, 1945. He attended Xavier University Preparatory School in his hometown. He then studied at Southern University, where he played college football for the Southern Jaguars. He received first-team All-American honors and was selected as an All-SWAC defensive end. He was also named the university's most valuable defensive lineman in 1969. Roche was drafted by the Denver Broncos in the second round (37th overall selection) of the 1970 NFL draft.

## Career

Roche made his NFL debut with the Broncos on September 20, 1970, at the age of 25, in a 25–10 win over the Buffalo Bills. He played in all 14 games during his rookie season, before being traded to the Green Bay Packers for Don Horn on January 28 the following year. The transaction also included a swap of 1971 first-round picks, with the Packers selecting John Brockington at 9th and the Broncos choosing Marv Montgomery at 12th.
The Packers appointed Dan Devine as head coach six games into the 1971 season. He chose Roche as the starting right defensive end, replacing the incumbent Lionel Aldridge, a holdover from the Packers' glory days under Vince Lombardi. Roche was noted for his versatility – filling in for Mike McCoy at left defensive tackle and Clarence Williams at left defensive end – and won the Packers most valuable player award for defense that year. He went on to hold the starting role for the next five seasons, playing in all but one game during his tenure with the franchise. He played an integral role in helping the Packers finish second in the league in team defense during the 1972 season, when the team won what was ultimately their only division title between 1967 and 1995. He also tied with McCoy for the franchise lead in sacks (8.5) in 1976. Roche formed a noted defensive partnership with Williams.
Roche joined the Seattle Seahawks in 1977. He spent his last two years in the NFL with the franchise before retiring after the 1978 season.

## Personal life

Roche was inducted into the Greater New Orleans Sports Hall of Fame in 1991. His grandson, Jay'Shawn Washington, played college football for the Southern Miss Golden Eagles from 2015 to 2018.
Roche died on May 29, 2022, in Marrero, Louisiana, at the age of 77.