OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Chotiněves

Chotiněves (German: Kuttendorf) is a municipality and village in Litoměřice District in the Ústí nad Labem Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 200 inhabitants.
Chotiněves lies approximately 12 kilometres (7 mi) east of Litoměřice, 21 km (13 mi) south-east of Ústí nad Labem, and 53 km (33 mi) north of Prague.

## Administrative division

Chotiněves consists of two municipal parts (in brackets population according to the 2021 census):
* Chotiněves (155)
* Jištěrpy (53)
# Acidic rock

Acidic rock or acid rock refers to the chemical composition of igneous rocks that has 63% wt% SiO$_2$ content. Rocks described as acidic usually contain more than 20% of free quartz. Typical acidic rocks are granite or rhyolite.
The term is used in chemical classification of igneous rock based on the content of silica (SiO$_2$). Because chemical analyzes are not always available, especially during the fieldwork, classification based on the mineral (modal) composition is more often used (dividing the igneous rocks into felsic/leucocratic, mafic/melanocratic and ultramafic).
The term "silicic", widely used in South America, has wider meaning, however, is often used as broadly synonymous with "acidic".
Terms describing composition of igneous rocks as acidic or basic evolved during the 19th century. It was based on the idea that high silica rocks are acidic and on the contrary the rocks with low silica content are basic. Although this idea is erroneous in a chemical sense (acidic rocks don't have low pH), both terms are used today.
# Jardins des Martels

The Jardins des Martels is a 3.5-hectare (8.6-acre) commercial botanical garden and flower park located in Giroussens, Tarn, Occitanie, France. It is open daily in the warmer months; an admission fee is charged.
The gardens were created by Marie-Thérèse and André Reynier in the late 1960s, as a private garden on their farm, and after considerable development opened to the public in 1994. Today the garden is set upon a well-landscaped terrain of numerous pools and hills, and features more than 2500 plant varieties from five continents, as well as a greenhouse of aquatic plants and a mini-farm with about 150 animals such as sheep, goats, ponies, ducks, and so forth.
# Napoléon La Cécilia

Napoléon La Cécilia (French pronunciation:; 13 September 1835 – 25 November 1878) was a French general.
# Khaled Al-Duwaisan

Khaled Abdulaziz Al-Duwaisan (born 15 August 1947) is a Kuwaiti diplomat and the previous ambassador to the United Kingdom, a role he has held since 1993. He was Dean of the Diplomatic Corps in London.

## Biography

Al-Duwaisan received his BA degree from Cairo University and his MBA in diplomacy from Kuwait University.
Al-Duwaisan joined Kuwait's Foreign Ministry in 1970. Prior to his posting to London, he served as Kuwait's ambassador to the Netherlands and Romania before being posted to London in 1993.
In London, Al-Duwaisan is Dean of the Diplomatic Corps as the longest-serving ambassador to the United Kingdom.

## Honours and awards

In 1995, Queen Elizabeth II appointed Al-Duwaisan an Honorary Knight Grand Cross of the Royal Victorian Order (GCVO). In 2012, he received an Honorary DCL degree from the University of East Anglia.
In March 2015, he was awarded the Grassroot Diplomat Initiative Award under the Policy Driver category for his work on interfaith dialogue and counter-terrorism.
On 19 July 2022, upon relinquishing his appointment as Ambassador from the State of Kuwait to the Court of St James's and upon retiring as Dean of the Diplomatic Corps, Al-Duwaisan was awarded as Honorary Knight Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George (KCMG).

## Durham University

A doctoral fellowship named after Al-Duwaisan at Durham University's Ustinov College is awarded annually to postgraduate students focused on international and regional politics and security.
# Dennis Shanahan

Dennis Shanahan is a political editor of The Australian, a newspaper in Australia.
Shanahan has been a journalist at major newspapers for "almost forty years". He covered NSW politics for the Sydney Morning Herald in the 1980s before joining The Australian. He led the paper's Canberra Bureau for 10 years before becoming the paper's political editor, a position he has held for 11 years.
He is the father of Australian author and columnist Brendan Shanahan.
In 2007, he was criticised by continuing to believe and tell readers that John Howard would win the election. Howard was beaten by a landslide and lost his own seat of Bennelong.
# Apple River, Nova Scotia

Apple River is a community in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia, located in Cumberland County.
The community is located on two sides of the Apple River, a small river which widens dramatically to produce a large, shallow tidal harbour facing Chignecto Bay, an arm of the Bay of Fundy. The river and harbour are bordered by extensive tidal salt marshes, protected by Cape Capstan to the East and a long sand bar to the west. The two sides of the harbour are known as East Apple River and West Apple River. Apple River is located on Route 209 and one of the communities that form the Fundy Shore Ecotour. A tidal, small craft harbour at the end of the bar serves as base to several small commercial fishing boats. A small grass air strip known as the Apple River Airport is located in West Apple River.
The area was known to the Mi'kmaq as Agoomakun, meaning place of abundant Herring. Current settlement dates the United Empire Loyalist migration after the American Revolution. Circa 1783 several Loyalist families from the United States settled at Apple River including Robert Dove, Hugh Pudsey and Joseph Elderkin. Apple River had one of the first lighthouses in the Upper Bay of Fundy, established in 1848 at the tip of Cape Capstan. The family tree of Fowler indicates John Fowler 1785-1866 served as an early lighthouse keeper and is buried in Apple River, Nova Scotia. Lumbering led the community to grow in the late 19th century until local stands were exhausted. At least 14 vessels were built at Apple River between 1845 and 1909.
The River and community are believed to be named after an old stand of apple trees, although some sources attribute the name to the wreck of a ship carrying apples which left the shoreline strewn with apples.
# Nantes Congress

The Nantes Congress was the sixth national congress of the French Socialist Party (Parti socialiste or PS). It took place from 17 to 18 June 1977, directly after the left's victory in the local elections.
At the Congress, the more moderate François Mitterrand comprehensively defeated the left wing challenger Jean-Pierre Chevènement.

## Results

Popular vote
François Mitterrand
75.79%
Jean-Pierre Chevènement
24.21% :
François Mitterrand was re-elected as First Secretary.
# Farewell speech

A farewell speech or farewell address is a speech given by an individual leaving a position or place. They are often used by public figures such as politicians as a capstone to the preceding career, or as statements delivered by persons relating to reasons for their leaving. The term is often used as a euphemism for "retirement speech," though it is broader in that it may include geographical or even biological conclusion.
In the Classics, a term for a dignified and poetic farewell speech is apobaterion (ἀποβατήριον), standing opposed to the epibaterion, the corresponding speech made upon arrival.

## U.S. presidential farewell addresses

Many U.S. presidential speeches have been given the moniker "farewell address" since George Washington's address in 1796. Some notable examples:
* George Washington – Washington's Farewell Address in which he warned of the dangers of political parties and foreign alliances.
* Dwight D. Eisenhower – Eisenhower's farewell address in which he warned of the military–industrial complex.
* Barack Obama – Obama's farewell address made from Chicago, breaking tradition of holding one in the White House.
* Donald Trump – Trump's first farewell address, delivered as a recorded, online video message from the White House.
* Joe Biden – Biden's farewell address in which he warned of the tech-industrial complex.

## Other notable farewell speeches

* Muhammad – Farewell Sermon, 6 March 632.
* The speech of Aeneas to Helenus and Andromache, Aeneid, Book III.
* Napoleon Bonaparte – First abdication, April 6, 1814 (see Treaty of Fontainebleau (1814)).
* Napoleon Bonaparte – Farewell to the Old Guard, April 20, 1814.
* Napoleon Bonaparte – Second abdication, June 22, 1815 (see Abdication of Napoleon, 1815).
* Abraham Lincoln – Farewell address to the people of Springfield, Illinois before departing to be inaugurated as President of the United States.
* Robert E. Lee – Farewell address to the Army of Northern Virginia, the day after the end of the American Civil War.
* Douglas MacArthur – farewell speeches before Congress and U.S. Military Academy; "old soldiers never die, they only fade away" and "duty, honor, country".
* Salvador Allende - Issued a farewell speech during the 1973 Chilean coup.
# SO36

The SO36 (German: ) club is a music club on Oranienstraße near Heinrichplatz in the area of Kreuzberg in Berlin, Germany.
It takes its name from the historic postcode of that area, SO36, in which the SO stands for Südost (South East). The Kreuzberg district has historically been home to the Berlin punk rock movement, as well as other alternative subcultures in Germany.

## History

Since the 1970s SO36 has been a major venue for "alternative" music and culture. Many Punk greats have performed and still perform here. Martin Kippenberger took over the management in 1979, focusing on creating a crossover between Punk and other genres and mediums such as New Wave and the visual arts. SO36 has been compared to New York's CBGB as one of the finest new-wave venues in the world. However unlike CBGB the venue still stands as of March 2023, and remains a fixture on the Berlin music scene championing new artists, while staying true to its Punk roots. In 2016, the club released SO36: 1978 bis heute ("1978 through today"), a retrospective illustrated book covering the 36-year history of the club, for €36.

## Notable cultural connections

English rock band Killing Joke named a song $.O.36 on their eponymous first album, but it is unclear if the song was based on the postal code or the club. The Electric Ballroom held at the club is considered a legendary fixture of the Berlin techno gay scene. Gayhane founded 1997 by Turkish performer Fatma Souad is the nucleus of the Berlin Turkish gay and lesbian community. DJ Ipek, an internationally known DJ and performer at the club, is responsible for the Gayhane mixture of Arabic, Turkish and Indian music. German photographer Nicolaus Schmidt created both a documentary and fictitious portrait of the club, called an "amalgam of western and oriental culture".
# Jordan Graye

Jordan Cameron Graye (born June 15, 1987) is an American former professional soccer player.

## Career
### College

Born in Washington, D.C., Graye attended DeMatha Catholic High School, played club soccer for Reston FC, and played for the D.C. United Academy's U-14, U-15, U-16 and U-20 teams, and helped the U-14 squad win the Super Y-League National Title in 2001, qualifying for the national championships on three total occasions. He subsequently played five years of college soccer at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, redshirting his second year in 2006.
During his college years Graye also played for the Cary RailHawks U23's in the USL Premier Development League.

### Professional

Graye was drafted in the fourth round (55th overall) of the 2010 MLS SuperDraft by D.C. United. He made his professional debut on April 28, 2010, in a US Open Cup game against FC Dallas, and made his MLS debut a couple of days later on May 1 in a game against the New York Red Bulls.
On November 24, 2010, Graye was selected by expansion side Portland Timbers in the 2010 MLS Expansion Draft. Portland subsequently traded Graye to Houston Dynamo on December 13, 2010,
On June 29, 2011, the Dynamo announced that Graye had been waived.
On March 4, 2012, Graye appeared as a trialist for Carolina RailHawks, seeing action in the second half of a preseason friendly against Vancouver Whitecaps.
On September 14, 2012, it was announced that Graye had signed with the Carolina RailHawks for the remainder of the NASL season and playoffs. Graye appeared in two regular season and one playoff game for the Railhawks.

### International

Graye has also been with the U.S. National Team at the U-16 and U-17 levels. He spent 2003 at the U.S. U-17 National Team Residency Program and was a member of the U-16 side in 2002.
# Rukshana Kapali

Rukshana Kapali (Newar: रुक्शना कपाली; born 1999) is a Newar activist living in Nepal. Kapali campaigns for both intersex and LGBT rights and protection for the culture and language of the Newar people. Her court case regarding her right to identify as female rather than third gender went to the Supreme Court of Nepal and in November 2023, the court ruled in her favour.

## Early life and education

Rukshana Kapali was born in 1999 in Patan, Nepal. Her family is Newar and she grew up speaking the Newar language (Nepal Bhasa) at home rather than Nepali.
Kapali was assigned male at birth and whilst at school changed her gender to female. When she studied for Bachelor of Arts in Linguistics and Sociology at Tri-Chandra Multiple Campus in Kathmandu, she experienced difficulties in registering for exams because of her changed name and became an activist for transgender and human rights.

## Activism and career

Taking an intersectional approach, Kapali campaigned on both Intersex and LGBT issues and protection for the culture and language of Newar people. She founded the Queer Youth Group with other people from the Kathmandu Valley. She blogs about her activism and has written on the subject of PoMSOGIESC (People of Marginalised Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity, Gender Expression and Sex Characteristics). Her protests have also been covered by media outlets such as The Kathmandu Post.
In 2021, Kapali went to the Supreme Court of Nepal in order to assert her right to identify as female rather than third gender as she had been compelled to do by the authorities. In November 2023, the court told Kapali she was correct before releasing the written judgement. Also in November 2023, she appeared on the BBC 100 Women list, alongside Amal Clooney and Michelle Obama.
In October 2024, Kapali was included in the TIME 100 Next list of the world's most influential rising leaders.
# Nancy Leveson

Nancy G. Leveson is an American specialist in system and software safety and a professor of Aeronautics and Astronautics at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), United States.
Leveson gained her degrees (in computer science, mathematics and management) from University of California, Los Angeles, including her PhD in 1980. Previously she worked at University of California, Irvine, and the University of Washington as a faculty member. She has studied safety-critical systems such as the Traffic Collision Avoidance System (TCAS) for the avoidance of midair collisions between aircraft and problems with the Therac-25 radiation therapy machine.
Leveson has been editor of the journal IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering. She has held memberships in the ACM, IEEE Computer Society, System Safety Society, and AIAA.

## Biography

Leveson is Professor of Aeronautics and Astronautics and also Professor of Engineering Systems at MIT. Prof. Leveson conducts research on the topics of system safety, software safety, software and system engineering, and human-computer interaction.
In 1999, she received the ACM Allen Newell Award for outstanding computer science research and in 1995 the AIAA Information Systems Award for "developing the field of software safety and for promoting responsible software and system engineering practices where life and property are at stake." She was elected a member of the National Academy of Engineering (NAE) in 2000 for contributions to software safety.
She has published over 200 research papers and is author of two books, "Safeware: System Safety and Computers" published in 1995 by Addison-Wesley and "Engineering a Safer World" published in 2012 by MIT Press. She consults extensively in many industries on the ways to prevent accidents. In 2005, she received the ACM Sigsoft Outstanding Research Award.
She developed the STPA (System Theoretic Process Analysis) and STAMP (System Theoretic Accident Model and Processes) methodologies for accident analysis.
In 2020, she received the IEEE Medal for Environmental and Safety Technologies for her development of STAMP and other system safety and accident modeling analysis tools.

## Books

* Erik Hollnagel, David D. Woods, Nancy Leveson, Resilience Engineering: Concepts and Precepts. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd., 2007. ISBN 978-0-754-68136-6.
* Nancy G. Leveson, Safeware: System Safety and Computers. Addison-Wesley, 1995. ISBN 0-201-11972-2.
* Nancy G. Leveson, Engineering a Safer World: Systems Thinking Applied to Safety. MIT Press, 2011. ISBN 978-0-262-01662-9. Open access pdf downloads of book chapters.
* Leveson, Nancy (2023). An introduction to system safety engineering. Cambridge, Massachusetts: The MIT Press. ISBN 978-0-262-37675-4.
# New River (Michigan)

The New River is a 14.7-mile-long (23.7 km) river in Huron County, Michigan. It flows north into Lake Huron, reaching the lake just west of Huron City.
# Thomas Jefferson Library

The Thomas Jefferson Library is the main library for the University of Missouri–St. Louis, the largest public university in the St. Louis Metropolitan Area.

## History

In 1963 the Normandy Residence Center, a two-year junior college, officially became the institution now known as the University of Missouri–St. Louis. The original University library was located in a small section of what had previously been the clubhouse of Bellerive Country Club. It contained a meager 3,800 volumes under the stewardship of a single professional librarian. By 2005 the Libraries of the university housed more than one million volumes, including a Federal Depository Library, a computerized Library Research Commons, and the St. Louis Mercantile Library at the University of Missouri–St. Louis.
The Thomas Jefferson Library was one of the first of three new buildings constructed on the campus. It opened in 1968 under the leadership of its first Library Director, Susan Freegard. Within its 5 stories, the Library was designed to house more than 240,000 volumes and allow seating for 1,000 students. The original "TJ Library" entrance also sported a swimming pool and basketball court which have since been removed.
By the 1980s the growing library collections began to displace staff and study areas. $6.1 million in funding was provided by the State of Missouri, McDonnell Douglas, Emerson Electric, and Anheuser-Busch, each being local St. Louis corporations. On June 13, 1990, the new McDonnell Douglas, Emerson Electric, Anheuser-Busch Wing of the Thomas Jefferson Library was dedicated. Of architectural interest is the glass pyramid on the west side of the building. It is strikingly reminiscent of the version designed and built for the Louvre Museum in Paris, France by famed architect I.M. Pei.
In 1996 the 1,250 members of the Mercantile Library voted for and approved the Library's move from its downtown St. Louis location to the Thomas Jefferson Library building. On October 2, 1998, the St. Louis Mercantile Library at the University of Missouri–St. Louis was formally rededicated. The Mercantile Library now resides on the first two floors of the Thomas Jefferson Library building beneath its signature glass pyramid.

## Resources and Holdings

Source: American Library Directory 2006-2007 ISBN 1-57387-249-0
* 1,051,952 Book Volumes
* 1,011,867 Book Titles
* 3,614 Periodical Subscriptions
* 1,152 Videos
* 109 Journals

### Special Collections

* Colonial Latin American History
* Mercantile
* US Document Depository
* Utopian Literature and Science Fiction
# Christa Jansohn

Christa Jansohn (born 1958) is a German scholar of English literature and culture. From 2001 to 2023 she held the Chair of British Culture at the University of Bamberg in Germany.

## Education

Christa Jansohn studied English, History and Archive Studies at the University of Bonn and the University of Exeter. She completed her MA and the first Staatsexamen in teacher training, before gaining her PhD and Habilitation, all at the University of Bonn.

## Career

Christa Jansohn was appointed to the Chair of British Culture at the University of Bamberg in 2001, a post she held until her retirement in 2023. Her scholarly work has focused primarily on the intersections between British Cultural Studies and older philological traditions, as well as on interdisciplinary approaches to these overlaps. She has made particular contributions in a number of different areas, including the reception of Shakespeare in Germany; D. H. Lawrence and his European reception; the relationship between literature and the history of science and medicine; the history of literary societies; scholarly editing (with a particular focus on Shakespeare and Lawrence); and translation studies.
She has been a full member of the Academy of Sciences and Literature, Mainz since 2005, and since 2011 she has served as Chair of the Academy’s Committee for English Literature. On the occasion of Shakespeare’s 450th birthday in 2014, she collaborated with fellow members of the Mainz Academy – including fellow Shakespeare scholar Werner Habicht – on the Shakespeare Album: a photographic album presenting 109 portraits and autograph signatures of personalities central to the propagation of German interest in Shakespeare over the centuries.
In 2019, she was appointed Chair of the Commission of Literature and Culture at the Academy; and in July 2019, she was elected a full member of the section of 'Literary and Theatrical Studies' in the Academia Europaea. She has also served on the Editorial Boards of the journals Archiv für das Studium der neueren Sprachen und Literaturen, Editionen in der Kritik and the Prague Journal of English Studies.

## Awards and honours

Christa Jansohn has been a Visiting Fellow of several colleges of the University of Cambridge, most recently Trinity (2005) and Churchill (2010–11, 2015–16). In 2009 she was a visiting fellow at CRASSH (Centre for Research in the Arts, Social Sciences, and Humanities), Cambridge.
Among other research sabbaticals at US institutions, she has been a Fulbright Fellow at New York University (1992); an Andrew W. Mellon Foundation Fellow at the Harry Ransom Humanities Research Center, University of Texas at Austin (1994); and an Eleanor M. Garvey Fellow in Printing and Graphic Arts at the Houghton Library, Harvard University (2016).
In 2004 she was awarded the Commerzbank Prize of the Academy of Sciences and Literature, Mainz, for her “wide-ranging, many-sided, and remarkably fruitful research activities, which have advanced and enriched dialogue with Anglo-Saxon scholarship”.
# Léa Fontaine

Léa Fontaine (born 7 December 2000) is a French judoka. She won the silver medal in the +78 kg event at the 2021 European Judo Championships held in Lisbon, Portugal.
Fontaine won a medal at the 2021 World Judo Championships.
On 12 November 2022 Fontaine won a gold medal at the 2022 European Mixed Team Judo Championships as part of team France.