OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Lawrence Booth

Lawrence Booth (c. 1420 – 1480) served as bishop of Durham and lord chancellor of England, before being appointed archbishop of York.

## Life

The illegitimate son of John Booth, lord of the manor of Barton, near Eccles, Lancashire, he was half-brother of Sir Robert Booth of Dunham Massey, Cheshire.
Booth read civil and canon law at Cambridge, graduating as licentiate (Lic.C.L.), before receiving a Doctor of Divinity (D.D.). He was elected Master of Pembroke Hall in 1450, a post he held until his death, and also served as Chancellor of the University of Cambridge. Whilst at Cambridge, where he started a movement for both a School of Arts and a School of Civil Law, he is believed to have produced his first miracle, but cause for his beatification or canonization is yet to be introduced.
Outside Cambridge, Booth's career was helped by his half-brother William Booth, who was Bishop of Coventry and Lichfield (1447–1452) and Archbishop of York (1452–1464). In 1449, he was appointed a prebendary of St Paul's Cathedral and, on 2 November 1456, became Dean of St Paul's. He was also a prebendary of York Minster and of Lichfield Cathedral. From 1454 to 1457 he was Archdeacon of Richmond.
Booth's influence was not confined to the Church; he was also active in government. He was chancellor to Margaret of Anjou and, in about 1456, he became Keeper of the Privy Seal, and in that same year on 28 January he was also appointed one of the tutors and guardians of the Prince of Wales. He was Lord Privy Seal until 1460. In 1457 he also served briefly as Provost of Beverley Minster.
On 25 September 1457, Booth was installed as Prince-Bishop of Durham.
Although from a Lancastrian family, he cultivated relations with the Yorkists and, after the fall of Henry VI, Booth adapted himself to the new status quo. He submitted himself to King Edward (the former Earl of March) in April 1461, and by the end of June, Booth defeated a raid led by the Lords de Ros, Dacre and Rugemont-Grey who brought Henry VI over the border to try to raise a rebellion in the north of England. King Edward named him his confessor. Although he temporarily lost control of the palatinate of Durham, he was restored in 1464, after making a submission to Edward IV; he was successful in part by being a prelate who was never imprisoned in that era. He resumed activity in Edward's government thereafter being appointed, on 27 July 1473, Lord Chancellor, serving until May 1474. In October 1473 he led a delegation to Scotland to formally sign the marriage treaty between the newborn son (later James IV of Scotland) of James III and Edward's third daughter Cecily.
In 1476 Booth was translated to the see of York, previously held by his half-brother. He was the only prelate after King Edward IV's accession ever promoted to higher office.
Booth served as Archbishop of York until his death on 19 May 1480, and is buried beside William Booth, in the Collegiate Church of Southwell, which they both generously endowed.
# Maryland Racing Commission

The Maryland Racing Commission is the official governing body that oversees the horse racing and off-track betting in Maryland. Based in Towson, Maryland, it was formed on 1920. The commission is a division of the Maryland Department of Labor.
The commission operates under Title 11, Business Regulation, Annotated Code of Maryland, Horse Racing. and operated the following sub-committees; Maryland-Bred Race Fund Advisory Committee, Maryland Standardbred Race Fund Advisory Committee and the Maryland Jockey Injury Compensation Fund.

## History

In 1967 Kathryn Kusner applied for a jockey license through the commission but was denied because she was a woman. However, in 1968 Judge Ernest A. Loveless of the Circuit Court of Prince Georges County ordered her to be granted the license. Kusner thus became the first licensed female jockey in the United States.
In 1992, the commission introduced off-track betting.

## Directors and Members

The current head of the racing commission is Bruce Quade.
The commission is required to have five board members without a financial interest and four members with a financial interest in racing who serve four year terms.
Mike Hopkins (Executive Director 2003–present) Bruce Quade (Director 2011-), Tom Winebrener, John Franzone, David Hayden, Charles Tildon, Ernest Grecco, Mary Louise Preis, Louis Ulman, John McDaniel, Bruce C. Spizler (Senior Assistant Attorney General)
* 2001 - Lewis J. Ulman (Director)
* Frank F. Favazza Jr.(-2010)
* Frank Small, Jr. (Chairman 1951–1952, member 1937–1950)
* Terry West, appointed 2023
# Purchase Tax

The Purchase Tax was a tax levied between 1940 and 1973 on the wholesale value of luxury goods sold in the United Kingdom. Introduced on 21 October 1940, with the stated aim of reducing the wastage of raw materials during World War II, it was initially set at a rate of 33.33%.
The tax was subsequently set at differing rates dependent upon individual items' degree of "luxury" as determined by the government of the day.
The 33.33% rate was increased to 66% for cars costing over £1,000 in 1947 and this rate was extended to all cars from 1951. In 1953, it was reduced to 50%.
In connection with the accession of the UK to the European Economic Community, the Purchase Tax was abolished on 2 April 1973 and replaced by the Value Added Tax (VAT), charged on most goods and services, which is currently charged at a rate of between 5 and 20%.
# Bob Mable

Robert Emanuel Mable (1885–1960) was a pioneer rugby league footballer who played in the New South Wales Rugby League (NSWRL) competition.

## Career

Mable played for the Eastern Suburbs club in the years 1908 to 1910. A forward, Mable played for New South Wales in the very first rugby match run by the newly created 'New South Wales Rugby Football League' which had just split away from the established New South Wales Rugby Football Union.
Mable was a member of the rebel sides that played against the New Zealand 'All Golds' in 1907, and was later awarded life membership in the New South Wales Rugby League for the role that he played in the series that was instrumental in the birth of rugby league in Australia. He played in Sydney's Eastern Suburbs club's first match and the NSWRL's first premiership decider.
Mable was awarded Life Membership of the New South Wales Rugby League in 1914 for his early participation in the game's inception in Australia. He is also recognized as the 8th player to play for Eastern Suburbs Club.
He died on 8 September 1960.
# Parker Siegfried

Parker Siegfried (born February 17, 1997) is a retired American professional soccer player who played as a goalkeeper.

## Career
### Youth, college & amateur

Siegfried played with the Columbus Crew academy prior to playing college soccer at Ohio State University in 2015. He redshirted in 2015, before going on to make 72 appearances for the team and achieving 18 shutouts. During his time with the Buckeyes, Siegfried was named Big Ten All-Freshman Team in 2016, was a two-time Academic All-Big Ten in 2016 and 2017, and a Four-time OSU Scholar-Athlete.
In 2017 and 2018, Siegfried played with NPSL side Asheville City. He went on to make 21 regular season appearances for the club.

### Professional
#### MLS SuperDraft

On January 13, 2020, Siegfried was selected 74th overall in the 2020 MLS SuperDraft by New York City FC. However, he did not sign the club.

#### South Georgia Tormenta

On April 8, 2020, Siegfried signed with USL League One side South Georgia Tormenta. He was released by Tormenta on September 8, 2020, without having made a first team appearance for the club.

#### Detroit City

Immediately following his release, it was announced that Siegfried had joined Detroit City for their first full season in the National Independent Soccer Association. He went on to help the club win the NISA Fall Championship.

#### Louisville City

On March 17, 2021, Siegfried signed with USL Championship side Louisville City FC following a success trial with the club.
On April 15, 2021, Major League Soccer side Sporting Kansas City brought in Siegfried on a season-long loan following an injury crisis among their goalkeepers. Kansas City acquired his Major League Soccer rights from New York City FC in exchange for a 3rd round 2023 MLS SuperDraft pick. However, he returned to Louisville in late May.
Following the 2022 season, Siegfried retired from playing soccer to pursue other career opportunities outside the sport.
# Lithium triborate

Lithium triborate (LiB$_3$O$_5$) or LBO is a non-linear optical crystal. It has a wide transparency range, moderately high nonlinear coupling, high damage threshold and desirable chemical and mechanical properties. This crystal is often used for second harmonic generation (SHG, also known as frequency doubling), for example of Nd:YAG lasers (1064 nm → 532 nm). LBO can be both critically and non-critically phase-matched. In the latter case the crystal has to be heated or cooled depending on the wavelength.
Lithium triborate was discovered and developed by Chen Chuangtian and others of the Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences. It has been patented.

## Chemical properties

* Point group: mm2
* Lattice parameters: a=8.4473 Å, b=7.3788 Å, c=5.1395 Å
* Mohs hardness: 6
* Transmission range: 0.16 – 2.6 μm
* Damage threshold: 25 J/cm$^2$ (1064 nm, 10 ns pulses)
* Thermal expansion coefficients: x: 10.8×10$^{−5}$/K, y: −8.8×10$^{−5}$/K, z: 3.4×10$^{−5}$/K
* Specific heat: 1060 J/kg·K
* Melting point: 834 °C

## Applications of lithium triborate (LBO) crystal

Lithium triborate (LBO) crystals are applicable in various nonlinear optical applications:
* Frequency doubling and frequency tripling of high peak power pulsed Nd doped, Ti-sapphire lasers and dye lasers
* NCPM (non-critical phase matching) for frequency conversion of CW and quasi CW radiation
* OPO (Optical parametric oscillator) of both Type 1 and Type 2 phase-matching
# Zion Lutheran Church (Portland, Oregon)

The Zion Lutheran Church is a church located in downtown Portland, Oregon, listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
Architect Pietro Belluschi employed a number of innovations in this 1950 church, an example of the application of modern architectural principles to a religious building. Using local materials, influences, and artists and craftsmen, it represents the Northwest Regional style of modern architecture, which Belluschi (along with colleague John Yeon) originated and developed. The low-relief angels in hammered copper on the sanctuary doors were designed by sculptor Frederic Littman.
# Armstrong Creek (Pennsylvania)

Armstrong Creek is a 16.5-mile-long (26.6km) tributary of the Susquehanna River in Pennsylvania in the United States.
The creek rises on Berry Mountain east of Elizabethville and flows generally southwest.
Armstrong Creek joins the Susquehanna River on the north side of Halifax.
Armstong Creek was named for John Armstrong, Sr., who led the Kittanning Expedition in the French and Indian War.
# Zion Methodist Church (Norfolk, Virginia)

Zion Methodist Church, now known as Norfolk United Methodist Church, is a historic Methodist church located at Norfolk, Virginia. It was built in 1896–1897, and is a modest one-story brick church topped by a side-gable roof in the Romanesque Revival style. The front façade is three-bays wide, and dominated by a projecting bay flanked by towers of differing heights. The annex was added in 1916 and is accessed by three overhead roll-up doors and consists of an open mezzanine with offices, offices and meeting spaces below, and serves for additional sanctuary space. Zion Methodist Church was founded in 1793, and is one of the first Methodist churches founded in Norfolk, Virginia.
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2007.
# Zuhn Building

The Zuhn Building is a historic building located in Mount Pleasant, Iowa, United States. Completed in 1886 a block east of the town square, this three story, brick, Italianate structure replaced a single story building that had housed the Mount Pleasant Carriage Works. H.A. Zuhn had that building torn down and this one built so he could expand his business. He used this facility to manufacture and repair vehicles. The only decorative element of the building is the bracketed metal cornice with date and pediment caps across the top of the facade. The double storefront has been altered somewhat over the years. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1991.
# ʻImiola Church

ʻImiola Church is a historic wood structure in Waimea, on the Island of Hawaiʻi, coordinates 20°1′32″N 155°39′46″W﻿ / ﻿20.02556°N 155.66278°W﻿ / 20.02556; -155.66278.

## History

The church was designed by its first pastor, Lorenzo Lyons. A grass hut had been built on this spot for visiting preachers some time before 1832 when Rev. Lyons arrived. A new building was constructed of stone walls with a thatched roof between 1837 and 1843. One reason was the earthquake and tsunami of 1837 which caused some to believe (as preached by Millerism) that a new Advent of Christ would arrive in 1843. However, membership of the parish dropped from a high of almost 5,000 to about 1200 by 1841.
By 1855 the stone church was in ruins, and a new church of about 40 by 60 feet (18 m) was started on August 29, 1855, made of koa wood (Acacia koa) from nearby forests. The altar of hand carved Hawaiian wood in the church was made by David McHattie Forbes and completed after his death in 1937 by his oldest son David Merlyn Lougher Forbes. The calabash bowl light fixtures are a distinctive design feature inspired by the same native Hawaiian form. Some of the walls of the old church still stand, enclosing the grave site of Rev. Lyons, his wife, and a young son. The name comes from 'imi ola in the Hawaiian Language which means "seek salvation".

## Today

In 1955 the paint was removed from the interior and natural finish of koa wood was restored. The church continues to be in use and is usually open to the public. The church belongs to the Hawaii Island Association of the Hawaii Conference of the United Church of Christ. The state registry lists it as site 10-06-7151 as of July 25, 1981. On August 28, 1975, it was added to the National Register of Historic Places as site number 75000618.

## Gallery

* Restored koa woodwork in the interior of the Church
* Rev. Lorenzo Lyons family grave site is near an old wall
# Riverside Apartments

Riverside Apartments, also known as Shipyard Apartments, is a historic apartment complex located at Newport News, Virginia. It was built in 1918, and consists of two, four-story, U-shaped brick apartment buildings decorated with simple bands of sandstone. The buildings features some classically derived decoration around the portals and a few accents of the same type on the parapets. They were built for the United States Shipping Board Emergency Fleet Corporation to alleviate the housing shortage created by an influx of workers into the Newport News Shipyards during World War I. Two of the four original buildings were destroyed, one in 1975 and the other in 1979.
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.
# Kagari Yamada

Kagari Yamada (山田 かがり, Yamada Kagari, born 4 June 1972) is a Japanese basketball player. She competed in the women's tournament at the 1996 Summer Olympics.
# 2008 Abruzzo regional election

The Abruzzo regional election of 2008 took place on 14–15 December 2008, due to the early resignation of President Ottaviano Del Turco, after his indictment for alleged corruption. The election was to take place on 30 November–1 December, but was postponed because of legal issues over the ammission of the list of For the Common Good.
The candidate of The People of Freedom (PdL) was Giovanni Chiodi, a former mayor of Teramo. The PdL rejected any alliance with the Union of the Centre (UDC) and The Right in order to strengthen its goal of becoming a majority force free from the blackmails of small "old politics" parties.
On the centre-left, local and national leaders of Democratic Party (PD) tried to produce a joint candidate with Italy of Values (IdV) and UDC, but IdV said that an alliance with the PD was possible only if the PD would have supported their own candidate, Carlo Constantini. IdV was even tempted by running a solitary campaign: Abruzzo was in fact a stronghold for the party, whose leader Antonio Di Pietro came from neighbouring Molise. However, in late October, the PD agreed to support Costantini at the head of a large centre-left coalition, comprising also the Communist Refoundation Party (PRC), the Party of Italian Communists (PdCI), the Federation of the Greens and the Socialist Party (PS).
The PD tried to woo also the UDC in the centre-left coalition, but the UDC refused any alliance with populist IdV and decided to run its own candidate, Rodolfo De Laurentiis. Teodoro Buontempo was the candidate of The Right.
On election day Gianni Chiodi defeated Carlo Costantini. The election was a major defeat for the PD, while IdV had a very good result, despite the poor showing of its candidate, who won fewer votes than its supporting parties.

## Results

| Candidates & parties | votes | votes (%) | seats reg. list | seats prov. lists |
| Giovanni Chiodi | 295,371 | 48.81 | 8 | 19 |
| The People of Freedom | 190,919 | 35.19 | → | 15 |
| Raise Abruzzo! (Future Abruzzo–DC–LD–PRI) | 40,256 | 7.42 | → | 3 |
| Movement for Autonomy | 18,040 | 3.32 | → | 1 |
| Liberal Socialists | 7,753 | 1.43 | → | 0 |
| Carlo Costantini | 258,199 | 42.67 | 1 | 15 |
| Democratic Party | 106,410 | 19.61 | → | 7 |
| Italy of Values | 81,557 | 15.03 | → | 5 |
| Communist Refoundation Party | 15,435 | 2.84 | → | 1 |
| Federation of the Greens–Democratic Left | 12,054 | 2.22 | → | 1 |
| Party of Italian Communists | 9,955 | 1.83 | → | 1 |
| Socialist Party | 9,387 | 1.73 | → | - |
| Democrats for Abruzzo | 7,507 | 1.38 | → | - |
| Rodolfo De Laurentiis | 32,604 | 5.39 | - | 2 |
| Union of the Centre–UDEUR | 30,452 | 5.61 | → | 2 |
| Teodoro Buontempo | 11,514 | 1.90 | - | - |
| The Right | 9,597 | 1.77 | → | 0 |
| Ilaria Del Biondo | 6,625 | 0.76 | - | - |
| Workers' Communist Party | 2,018 | 0.37 | → | 0 |
| Angelo Di Prospero | 2,791 | 0.46 | - | - |
| For the Common Good | 1,237 | 0.23 | → | 0 |
| Total | 605,104 | 100.00 | 9 | 36 |
Source: Ministry of the Interior
# 2008 Alderney general election

General elections to the States were held in Alderney on 6 December 2008 in accordance with the rules governing elections in Alderney. All five elected members were independents. The results were complicated by the first ever tie in Alderney's electoral history, between John Beaman and Don Oakden, both with 294 votes. After the drawing of a name from the ballot box by the returning officer, Beaman was elected in fifth place.

## Results

Summary of the 6 December 2008 States of Alderney election results :
| Candidates | Votes |
| Peter Allen (Elected) | 520 |
| Boyd Kelly (Elected) | 409 |
| Geoffrey Sargent (Elected) | 376 |
| Bill Walden (Elected) | 312 |
| John Beaman (Elected) | 294 |
| Don Oakden | 294 |
| Barry Pengilley | 220 |
| Lin Maurice | 201 |
| Lois FitzGerald | 199 |
| Martin Hunt | 98 |
# Riverside Inn (Leland, Michigan)

The Riverside Inn is a restaurant and hotel located at 302 East River Street in Leland, Michigan. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2003.

## History

At the turn of the century, the tourist population around Leland was steadily growing. In 1902, seeing a demand for lodging, Jacob Schwarz constructed an inn near this location. Schwarz constructed other buildings in the area, including, in 1912, a bathhouse that he soon converted into a dance hall. Schwarz ran the Riverside Inn until his death in 1917. His wife followed in 1918, and ownership of the inn passed to the couple's daughters, Blanche and Anna. They ran the inn until 1924, when it was destroyed by fire.
Rather than construct a new building, they modified the 1912 dance hall that Jacob Schwarz had constructed previously. The building was moved to face the river, an upper story was added, and the interior was reworked to make a new inn. Blanche and Anna ran the inn until 1957.
The Riverside Inn is still in business, under owners Barb and Kate Vilter.

## Description

The Riverside Inn is a two-story Bungalow/craftsman-style structure, with a restaurant and bar on the first floor and guest rooms upstairs.
# Stanisław Załęski

Stanisław Załęski (1843–1908) was a Polish priest and historian who wrote about the history of the Jesuits in Poland. His series titled Jezuici w Polsce was published in several volumes from 1900 to 1906, and the work covered Jesuit history beginning in the 16th century. Załęski also wrote Historia zniesienia jezuitów w Polsce i jego zachowanie na Białej Rusi which covered Jesuit history in the Russian Empire. This work was translated into French and Italian in the 1880s. The Polish Academy of Arts and Sciences described Załęski's work as "for both the clergy and for the educated classes".

## Works

* Historia zniesienia jezuitów w Polsce i jego zachowanie na Białej Rusi
* Jezuici w Polsce
# Murutic languages

The Murutic languages are a family of half a dozen closely related Austronesian languages, spoken in the northern inland regions of Borneo by the Murut and Tidung.

## Languages

The Murutic languages are (Lobel 2013):
* Murut proper
Timugon Murut and Tagol Murut
* Murut dialects
Keningau Murut, Beaufort Murut (Binta’), Tabalunan/Serudung Murut, Selungai Murut, Sembakung Murut, Okolod, Bookan, Tanggala Murut, Paluan, Agabag/Tinggalan Murut.
* Tidung language
Burusu, Kalabakan, Nonukan Tidong, Sesayap Tidong
Tagol Murut is commonly used and understood by a large majority of the Murut peoples.
Lobel (2013:360) also lists the languages Abai Sembuak, Abai Tubu, and Bulusu (all spoken near Malinau town in North Kalimantan) as Murutic languages. On the other hand, Abai Sungai, spoken in eastern Sabah, is a Paitanic language.

### Lobel (2016)

Lobel (2016) covers the following Greater Murutic languages, including Tidong:
* Tatana
* Papar
* Murut Nabaay
* Ganaʼ
* Murut Timugon
* Murut Paluan
* Murut Tagol
* Kolod
* Western Tingalan
* Eastern Tingalan
* Murut Kalabakan
* Abai Sembuak
* Abai Tubu
* Bulusu
* Tidung Bengawong
* Tidung Sumbol
* Tidung Kalabakan
* Tidung Mensalong
* Tidung Malinau

## Innovations

Lobel (2013:367) lists the following Murutic phonological innovations. (Note: PSWSAB stands for Proto-Southwest Sabahan, while PMP stands for Proto-Malayo-Polynesian.)
* PMP/PSWSAB *R > *h / __ V (except after *ə, where it had already shifted to *g in PSWSAB). Subsequently, Proto-Greater Murutic *h > Ø occurred in all daughter languages except Papar.
* PMP/PSWSAB *R > *g / __ #
* PMP/PSWSAB *aw > *ow; *ay > *oy
* PMP/PSWSAB *iw > *uy
* PGMUR *g- > Ø after the adjectival prefix *ma-
* PMP/PSWSAB *ə > *a in non-final syllables, except in the environment *_Cə, where it is reflected as /o/
# Trofimov Beheadings

The Trofimov beheadings was a mass murder committed in 2012 in Ukraine, in which a judge and his family were beheaded with a machete. The judge, Vladimir Trofimov, his wife Irina, their son Sergei, and the son's girlfriend were attacked in the eastern Ukraine city of Kharkiv on December 15, 2012. The judge was attacked at his family home. The bodies were all left at the scene, minus their heads. It was reported the judge, his wife, and son's girlfriend were killed first, then beheaded, while the son was beheaded while still alive.

## Investigation

Police stated that the motive for the murders was either revenge or theft. Trofimov, 58, had worked as a magistrate and judge for more than 30 years, and was a noted antiques collector. The attack came on a celebration day for judges in Ukraine. The case was described as one of the most shocking to emerge from the new European state in the international media, with many commentators using the case to spotlight the flawed Ukrainian judicial system.