OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ran Iida

Ran Iida (born 16 April 1979) is a Japanese snowboarder. She competed in the women's parallel giant slalom event at the 2002 Winter Olympics.
# To Kit Yong

To Kit Yong (born September 21, 1957) is a Hong Kong sprint canoer who competed in the mid-1980s. She was eliminated in the semifinals of the K-2 500 m event at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles.
# Marc-Antoine Blais Bélanger

Marc-Antoine Blais Bélanger (born February 20, 1995) is a Canadian fencer in the épée discipline. Blais Bélanger has competed internationally for Canada since 2013.

## Career
### Olympics

Blais Bélanger represented Canada at the 2020 Summer Olympics, after winning the individual men's épée competition at the Pan American Zonal Qualifier in San José, Costa Rica.
# Speyer wine bottle

The Speyer wine bottle (or Römerwein) is a sealed vessel, presumed to contain liquid wine, and so named because it was unearthed from a Roman tomb found near Speyer, Germany. It contained the world's oldest known liquid wine (dated to about AD 325), until 2024, when a 1st century AD urn within a Roman tomb - found in 2019 in the southern Spanish town of Carmona - was confirmed to still contain liquid wine.

## History

The Speyer wine bottle most likely holds wine, and was originally found in 1867, in what is now the Rhineland-Palatinate region of Germany near Speyer, one of the oldest settlements in the area. The artifact was known until 2024 as "the world's oldest existing bottle of wine". The bottle has been dated between 325 and 350 AD and is the oldest known unopened bottle of wine in the world. Since its discovery, it has been exhibited at the Wine Museum section of the Historical Museum of the Palatinate in Speyer, always displayed in the same location within the museum. The Römerwein is housed in the museum's Tower Room. It is a 1.5 L (51 U.S. fl oz) glass vessel with amphora-like "shoulders," yellow-green in color, with dolphin-shaped handles.

## Discovery

The bottle was discovered in 1867 during an excavation of a 4th-century AD Roman nobleman's tomb. The tomb contained two sarcophagi, one holding the body of a man and one a woman. One source says the man was a Roman legionary and the wine was a provision for his celestial journey. Of the six glass bottles in the woman's sarcophagus and the ten vessels in the man's sarcophagus, only one still contained a liquid. There is a clear liquid in the bottom third, and a mixture similar to rosin above.

## Wine preservation

While it has reportedly lost its ethanol content, analysis is consistent with at least part of the liquid having been wine. The wine was infused with a mixture of herbs. The preservation of the wine is attributed to the large amount of thick olive oil, added to the bottle to seal the wine off from air, along with a hot wax seal. Petronius (c. 27–66 AD), in his work Satyricon, writes of plaster sealed bottles, and this one is analogous. The use of glass in the bottle is unusual, however, as typically Roman glass was too fragile to be dependable over time.
While scientists have considered accessing the liquid to further analyze the content, as of 2024, the bottle has remained unopened because of concerns about how the liquid would react when exposed to air. The museum's curator, Ludger Tekampe, has stated he has seen no variation in the bottle in over 25 years.
# 2008 United States rugby union tour of Japan

The 2008 United States rugby union tour of Japan was a series of matches played in November 2008 in Japan by the United States national rugby union team.

## Results

* 16 November 2008
| Japan | 29–19 | United States |
| Try: Endo, Holani Con: Nicholas 2 Pen: Nicholas 4, Webb | report | Try: MacDonald, Ngwenya, Welch Con: Hercus 2 |
* Mizuho Stadium, Nagoya Attendance: 5,111 Referee: Peter Fitzgibbon (Ireland)
| Japan | | United States |
| Kaoru Matsushita | FB | 15 | FB | Chris Wyles |
| Kosuke Endo | W | 14 | W | Taku Ngwenya |
| Koji Taira | C | 13 | C | Paul Emerick |
| Ryan Nicholas | C | 12 | C | Andrew Suniula |
| Koji Tomioka | W | 11 | W | Gavin DeBartolo |
| Shaun Webb | FH | 10 | FH | Mike Hercus |
| Fumiaki Tanaka | SH | 9 | SH | Mike Petri |
| Koliniasi Holani | N8 | 8 | N8 | Pat Quinn |
| (capt.) Takashi Kikutani | F | 7 | F | Todd Clever (capt.) |
| Hajime Kiso | F | 6 | F | Inaki Basauri |
| Toshizumi Kitagawa | L | 5 | L | Alec Parker |
| Luke Thompson | L | 4 | L | Hayden Smith |
| Kensuke Hatakeyama | P | 3 | P | Mate Moeakiola |
| Yusuke Aoki | H | 2 | H | Mark Crick |
| Hisateru Hirashima | P | 1 | P | Mike MacDonald |
| | | Replacements | | |
| Naonori Mizuyama | | 16 | H | Joe Welch |
| Naoki Kawamata | | 17 | P | Shawn Pittman |
| Tomoaki Taniguchi | L | 18 | L | John van der Giessen |
| Michael Leitch | F | 19 | F | JJ Gagiano |
| Tomoki Yoshida | | 20 | SH | Chad Erskine |
| Masakazu Irie | | 21 | FH | Nese Malifa |
| Bryce Robins | C | 22 | | Junior Sifa |
| | | Coaches | | |
| John Kirwan | | | | Scott Johnson |
* 22 November 2008
| Japan | 32–17 | United States |
| | Report | Try: Ngwenya, van der Giessen, Wyles Con: Hercus |
* Chichibu, Tokyo Attendance: 11,836 Referee: Peter Fitzgibbon (Ireland)
| Japan | | United States |
| Kaoru Matsushita | FB | 15 | FB | Chris Wyles |
| Kosuke Endo | W | 14 | W | Taku Ngwenya |
| Bryce Robins | C | 13 | C | Paul Emerick |
| Ryan Nicholas | C | 12 | C | Junior Sifa |
| Koji Tomioka | W | 11 | W | Gavin DeBartolo |
| Shaun Webb | FH | 10 | FH | Mike Hercus |
| Fumiaki Tanaka | SH | 9 | SH | Mike Petri |
| Koliniasi Holani | N8 | 8 | N8 | Pat Quinn |
| (capt.) Takashi Kikutani | F | 7 | F | Todd Clever (capt.) |
| Michael Leitch | F | 6 | F | Inaki Basauri |
| Toshizumi Kitagawa | L | 5 | L | Hayden Smith |
| Hitoshi Ono | L | 4 | L | John van der Giessen |
| Kensuke Hatakeyama | P | 3 | P | Brian Lemay |
| Yusuke Aoki | H | 2 | H | Mark Crick |
| Hisateru Hirashima | P | 1 | P | Mike MacDonald |
| | | Replacements | | |
| Naonori Mizuyama | H | 16 | H | Joe Welch |
| Naoki Kawamata | P | 17 | P | Mate Moeakiola |
| Luke Thompson | L | 18 | L | Courtney McKay |
| Masato Toyoda | N8 | 19 | N8 | JJ Gagiano |
| Tomoki Yoshida | SH | 20 | SH | Chad Erskine |
| Masakazu Irie | C | 21 | FH | Thretton Palamo |
| Piei Mafileo | W | 22 | C | Nese Malifa |
| | | Coaches | | |
| John Kirwan | | | | Scott Johnson |
# Pétanque at the 2021 SEA Games

Pétanque competitions at the 2021 SEA Games took place at Pétanque Boulodrome in Hanoi, Vietnam from 13 to 19 May 2021.

## Medal table

* Host nation (Vietnam)
| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| 1 | Thailand | 4 | 0 | 2 | 6 |
| 2 | Cambodia | 2 | 2 | 3 | 7 |
| 3 | Vietnam* | 1 | 3 | 3 | 7 |
| 4 | Myanmar | 1 | 0 | 2 | 3 |
| 5 | Laos | 0 | 2 | 4 | 6 |
| 6 | Malaysia | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| Totals (6 entries) | Totals (6 entries) | 8 | 8 | 16 | 32 |

## Medalists
### Men

| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| Doubles | Thailand Ratchata Khamdee Aekkarin Kaewla | Cambodia Thong Chhoeun Yim Sophorn | Vietnam Nguyễn Văn Thành Thạch Thanh Tuấn |
| Doubles | Thailand Ratchata Khamdee Aekkarin Kaewla | Cambodia Thong Chhoeun Yim Sophorn | Laos Vilasack Lathsavong Bountamy Southammavong |
| Triples | Thailand Anuphon Phathan Thanakorn Sangkaew Thawonsith Ratchakot | Cambodia Nhem Bora Sieng Vanna Khuon Lyhuor | Laos Phoudthala Keokannika Lar Mienmany Xok Ananh Fongsanouvong |
| Triples | Thailand Anuphon Phathan Thanakorn Sangkaew Thawonsith Ratchakot | Cambodia Nhem Bora Sieng Vanna Khuon Lyhuor | Malaysia Ayzek Hakimi Safingan Muhammad Arif Kana Mohamed Syahzwan Mohamed Sani |
| Shooting | Supan Thongphoo Thailand | Nguyễn Văn Dũng Vietnam | Sok Chanmean Cambodia |
| Shooting | Supan Thongphoo Thailand | Nguyễn Văn Dũng Vietnam | Win Thurain Tun Myanmar |

### Women

| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| Doubles | Vietnam Thái Thị Hồng Thoa Trần Lê Lan Anh | Malaysia Sharifah Aqilah Farhana Nurashimah Senin | Cambodia Heang Vichny Nop Chourlyka |
| Doubles | Vietnam Thái Thị Hồng Thoa Trần Lê Lan Anh | Malaysia Sharifah Aqilah Farhana Nurashimah Senin | Laos Noy Manythone Noneny Phanthaly |
| Triples | Cambodia Duong Dina Sreng Sorakhim Khoun Yary | Vietnam Thạch Thị Ánh Lan Nguyễn Thị Cẩm Duyên Nguyễn Thị Lan | Laos Anhsany Dalavanh Khoun Souksavat Aly Sengchanphet |
| Triples | Cambodia Duong Dina Sreng Sorakhim Khoun Yary | Vietnam Thạch Thị Ánh Lan Nguyễn Thị Cẩm Duyên Nguyễn Thị Lan | Thailand Lalita Chiaochan Aphinya Nuanwichit Cheerawan Kallaya |
| Shooting | Khin Cherry Thet Myanmar | Bovilak Thepphakan Laos | Ouk Sreymom Cambodia |
| Shooting | Khin Cherry Thet Myanmar | Bovilak Thepphakan Laos | Nguyễn Thị Hiền Vietnam |

### Mixed

| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| Doubles | Cambodia Sin Vong Vorng Chantha | Vietnam Thạch Pha Nara Nguyễn Văn Quang | Thailand Sunitra Phuangyoo Phongsakron Ainpu |
| Doubles | Cambodia Sin Vong Vorng Chantha | Vietnam Thạch Pha Nara Nguyễn Văn Quang | Malaysia Sharifah Afiqah Farzana Syed Ali Syed Afiq Fakhri Syed Ali |
| Triples | Thailand Sudarat Tasorn Nattaya Yoothong Anupong Khamfu | Laos Manivanh Souliya Chansamone Vongsavath Anoulack Veomany | Myanmar Gant Gaw Thant Zin Tin Tin Wai Ko Ko Htwe |
| Triples | Thailand Sudarat Tasorn Nattaya Yoothong Anupong Khamfu | Laos Manivanh Souliya Chansamone Vongsavath Anoulack Veomany | Vietnam Nguyễn Thị Thúy Kiều Nguyễn Thị Thi Lý Ngọc Tài |
# Ohuan

Ohuan (also spelled Ouan), originally known as Prince Odogbo, was the nineteenth Oba of Benin who ruled from circa 1606 AD to 1641 AD. He was the only son of Ehengbuda, and he succeeded his father after his death. He is known for his unusual birth story, his rebellion against his Iyase Ogina, and his expansion of the Benin Kingdom through warfare. He died without an heir, leading to a succession crisis and a decline of the kingdom.

## Early life and birth story

Odogbo was born as the only son of Ehengbuda, the eighteenth Oba of Benin, who reigned from 1578 AD to 1606 AD. According to some oral traditions, he was born as a girl and only later became a man through medicine. According to other sources, he was very handsome and girlish in appearance, so that people thought he was a girl. In both versions, Odogbo had to publicly present himself naked after his transformation or after his father heard of the rumours, in order to prove his manhood. Him and his naked attendants, who had their hair well cut and dressed, walked from Uselu to Benin City, and they were termed Ifieto (Hair curlers), which term exists to this day. On big ceremonial occasions, the Ifieto can still be seen dancing and singing in front of the royal procession.

## Reign and achievements

Odogbo was placed on the throne of Benin with the title Ohuan, after his father's death in 1606 AD. He ruled the people with fairness and competence, and founded many towns and villages. He had the loyalty and esteem of his subjects throughout his long reign of thirty-three years.
However, his reign was not without challenges. In the early years of his reign, the Iyase, named Ogina, rebelled against him. The Iyase was the Commander-in-Chief of the army, and he had shown himself very unfriendly to the late Oba and had even committed adultery with one of his wives. Ohuan retired to a village called Evbohuan for several months until he was powerful enough to attack and defeat Ogina, who was then banished to Okogo where later he died and was deified. After the rebellion of Ogina, no other Iyase was installed by any Oba in the seventeenth century, as a political strategy to avoid any opposition from the military chief.
Ohuan was also a skilled warrior and expanded the Benin Kingdom through conquest. He increased contact with the Portuguese Empire, and traded with them in ivory, pepper, and slaves. He also patronised the arts and culture of Benin, and some of the cast brass plaques that adorned the royal palace were made during his reign.

## Death and succession

Ohuan died in 1641 AD, without an heir. He was later succeeded by Ohenzae. His death created a difficult problem for the Edo people, as there was no brother or son to succeed him and keep the throne in the royal family. As all branches of the royal family could equally claim a right to Ohuan's throne, corruption and internal disorder led to a decline of the kingdom. The throne was rotated among six different candidates for six reigns, until civil war erupted in the last decade of the century.
# 1901 Andover by-election

The 1901 Andover by-election was held on 26 August 1901 after the death of the incumbent Conservative MP Bramston Beach. The seat was retained by the Conservative candidate Edmund Faber.
Andover by-election, 1901 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Conservative | Edmund Faber | 3,696 | 51.6 | N/A |
| | Liberal | George Judd | 3,473 | 48.4 | New |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 223 | 3.2 | N/A |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 7,169 | 75.8 | N/A |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 9,460 | | |
| | Conservative hold | Conservative hold | Swing | N/A | |
# Daniel Bowker

Daniel Bowker (born 21 September 1987) is an Australian canoeist. He competed in the men's K-2 200 metres event at the 2016 Summer Olympics.
# Postage stamps and postal history of Timor-Leste

Timor-Leste, officially the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste (formerly East Timor), is a country in Southeast Asia. It comprises the eastern half of the island of Timor, the nearby islands of Atauro and Jaco, and Oecusse, an exclave on the northwestern side of the island, within Indonesian West Timor. East Timor was a Portuguese colony, known as Portuguese Timor, until 28 November 1975.

## First stamps

The first Portuguese colonial issues for Portuguese Timor were overprinted on stamps of Macau in 1884. A definitive set was issued in 1886.

## Indonesian occupation

During the Indonesian occupation of East Timor from 1975 to 1999, Indonesian stamps were in use.

## United Nations administration

Following the outcome of the East Timor Special Autonomy Referendum, United Nations transitional administration was established in 1999 until Timor-Leste's independence on 20 May 2002. During the transition period, two stamps were issued in 2000, one for domestic mail and one for international mail.
* UNTAET East Timor domestic and international postage stamps
* UNTAET East Timor first day cover 29 April 2000

## Independence

The first stamps of independent Timor-Leste were issued on 20 May 2002 and were produced by Australia Post.
# Museo Nacional de Arqueología y Etnología

The Museo Nacional de Arqueología y Etnología (MUNAE; National Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology) is a national museum of Guatemala, dedicated to the conservation of archaeological and ethnological artifacts and research into Guatemala's history and cultural heritage. The museum is located in Guatemala City, at Finca La Aurora.

## History and collections

First created by a governmental decree on 30 June 1898, the institution and collections of MUNAE relocated premises several times subsequently, until they were established in its present building in 1946. The museum has some 3000 square meters of exhibition space, and 1500 sq.m. devoted to restorative and research purposes. MUNAE's collections amount to some 20 thousand archaeological artifacts and 5 thousand ethnological items.

## Donations

In October 2021, a fragment of stela 9 of Piedras Negras was returned to the museum by a private collector in France. Stolen from the site in the 1960s, it had reappeared in Paris on a 2019 auction.
# William Henry Haywood Jr.

William Henry Haywood Jr. (October 23, 1801 – October 7, 1852) was a Democratic U.S. senator from the state of North Carolina between 1843 and 1846.
Born in Raleigh, North Carolina, to a prominent family, Haywood attended the Raleigh Male Academy and graduated from the University of North Carolina in 1819. Haywood became the first clerk of the vestry of Raleigh's Christ Church (Episcopal) in 1821. He studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1822 and commenced practice in Raleigh. He was a member of the North Carolina State House of Commons (1831 and 1834–1836), serving as speaker the last year. President Martin Van Buren appointed him Chargé d'Affaires to Belgium, but he declined the position.
A member of the Democratic Party, he was elected to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1843, until July 25, 1846, when he refused to be instructed by the state legislature on a tariff question and resigned. At the time of his resignation, he was chairman of the Committee on Commerce and the Committee on the District of Columbia.
The North Carolina legislature elected Whig George Edmund Badger to replace Haywood in the Senate.
He resumed the practice of law in Raleigh, where he died on October 7, 1852, and was buried in the Old City Cemetery.
# KSA (disambiguation)

KSA is the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
KSA or Ksa may also refer to:

## Arts and media

* KSA-TV, Alaska, US
* Kirby Star Allies, a 2018 video game

## Aviation

* Kosrae International Airport (IATA airport code), Federated States of Micronesia
* Kingsford-Smith Airport or Sydney Airport, Australia

## Computing

* Key-scheduling algorithm, in cryptography
* Kogge–Stone adder

## Organisations

* Kenya Scouts Association
* Kommando Strategische Aufklärung (Strategic Reconnaissance Command), a German intelligence organization
* Korea Scout Association
* Korean Standards Association
* Kosher Supervision of America

## Schools

* Korea Science Academy, Busan, South Korea
* Ohio State University Knowlton School of Architecture, housed in Knowlton Hall

## Other uses

* Ksa (spirit), a Native American Lakota and Oglala spirit of wisdom
* King's South Africa Medal, a medal for service in the Boer War
* Knowledge, Skills, and Abilities, on US government job applications
* KSA, a kölsch-style ale by Fort Point Beer Company
# Russian Consulate General in Jerusalem

The Russian Consulate General in Jerusalem was the diplomatic mission of the Russian Empire to the Ottoman Empire, in Jerusalem. The consulate was established in 1858, and operated in the city until 1914.

## History

The Russian Consulate General was established in Jerusalem in December 1858.
In 1914 the Ottoman Empire was at war with the Russian Empire, forcing the Russian consuls to leave for Egypt. Since that time, the Russian diplomatic presence in Jerusalem ended. During the British Mandate for Palestine, the British made the consulate building and its surroundings their administrative centre. Since the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, the consulate building is used by Jerusalem municipal departments.

## List of Consuls

* Vladimir Dorgobozhinov 1858–1860
* Konstantin Sokolov 1860–1862
* Andrei Kratsov 1862–1867
* Vasily Kuznikov 1867–1876
* Nikolai Illarionov 1876–1878
* Kuznikov 1879–1884
* Alexander Gears 1884–1885
* Dmitriy Bukharov 1886–1888
* Alexey Pliev 1888–1889
* Sergey Maksimov 1889–1891
* Sergey Arsenyev 1891–1897
* Alexander Jacoblev 1897–1907
* Alexey Kruglov 1908-1914
# Tomoka Takeuchi

Tomoka Takeuchi (竹内 智香, Takeuchi Tomoka, born 21 December 1983) is a Japanese competitive snowboarder from Asahikawa, Hokkaido. She won the silver medal in the Women's Parallel Giant Slalom in the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi, Russia. At the 2018 Winter Olympics in Pyeongchang, South Korea, she placed 5th in the Women's Parallel Giant Slalom.
# Layqa

Layqa (Aymara and Quechua) is a term employed prior to the Spanish Conquest to denote a ceremonial healer from the Quechua speaking central Peruvian highlands. After the arrival of the European Inquisitors, Catholic priests, began referring to all Quechua magico-religious practitioners by this title, equating the layqa with ‘sorcerer’ or ‘witch.’ Early references to the layqa appear in the Spanish Chronicles, as well as the Huarochirí Manuscript, commissioned in 1608 by a clerical prosecutor and Inquisitor, Father Francisco de Avila, who used it for the persecution of indigenous worships and beliefs.
Several contemporary investigators, including psychiatrist and anthropologist Ina Rösing, and medical anthropologist Alberto Villoldo have attempted to clarify that the layqa in the prehispanic world were not 'witches', but traditional healers and wisdom teachers.
# Bear Brook (Pascack Brook tributary)

Bear Brook is a tributary of Pascack Brook in New Jersey. It joins with the Pascack at the Woodcliff Lake Reservoir and forms part of the border between Park Ridge and Woodcliff Lake. The brook flows through portions of Bergen County in New Jersey and its headwaters lay in Rockland County, New York. In Park Ridge, a park named Atkins Glen surrounds a portion of the brook and is home to several shallow caverns, in some of which Native American artifacts have been found.
# Bear Island River

Bear Island River is a river of Minnesota. The river flows through the southeast portion of Morse Township in northern Saint Louis County.
# Beaver Creek (Camas Creek tributary)

Beaver Creek is a 58-mile (93 km) long tributary of Camas Creek in the U.S. state of Idaho. Beginning at an elevation of 7,367 feet (2,245 m) near Monida Pass in northern Clark County, it flows generally south through the communities of Humphrey, Spencer, and Dubois. Continuing into Jefferson County, it reaches its mouth north of the town of Hamer, at an elevation of 4,810 feet (1,466 m). It is roughly paralleled by Interstate 15 for its entire length.
# Hyponitrous acid

Hyponitrous acid is a chemical compound with formula H $_2$N $_2$O $_2$ or HON=NOH. It is an isomer of nitramide, H$_2$N−NO$_2$; and a formal dimer of azanone, HNO.
Hyponitrous acid forms two series of salts, the hyponitrites containing the [ON=NO]$^{2−}$ anion, and the "acid hyponitrites" containing the [HON=NO]$^−$ anion.

## Structure and properties

There are two possible structures of hyponitrous acid, trans and cis. trans-Hyponitrous acid forms white crystals that are explosive when dry. In aqueous solution, it is a weak acid (pK$_{a1}$ = 7.21, pK$_{a2}$ = 11.54), and decomposes to nitrous oxide and water with a half life of 16 days at 25 °C at pH 1–3:
    H$_2$N$_2$O$_2$ → H$_2$O + N$_2$O
Since this reaction is not reversible, N $_2$O should not be considered as the anhydride of H $_2$N $_2$O $_2$.
The cis acid is not known, but its sodium salt can be obtained.

## Preparation

Hyponitrous acid (trans) can be prepared from silver(I) hyponitrite and anhydrous HCl in ether:
    Ag$_2$N$_2$O$_2$ + 2 HCl → H$_2$N$_2$O$_2$ + 2 AgCl
Spectroscopic data indicate a trans configuration for the resulting acid.
It can also be synthesized from hydroxylamine and nitrous acid:
    NH$_2$OH + HNO$_2$ → H$_2$N$_2$O$_2$ + H$_2$O

## Biological aspects

In enzymology, a hyponitrite reductase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction:
    H$_2$N$_2$O$_2$ + 2 NADH + 2 H$^+$ ⇌ 2 NH$_2$OH + 2 NAD$^+$