OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Schumann document

The Schumann Document on the Middle East or Schumann Secret Report was an internal document of the European Political Cooperation approved on 13 May 1971 by the six member states' Ministers of Foreign Affairs that for the first time defined a collective position of the EPC countries on the Israeli-Arab conflict. It is named after the French Minister of Foreign Affairs Maurice Schumann (not to be confused with Robert Schuman, one of the founders of the EU, the Council of Europe and NATO).

## Background

In May 1967, the leaders of the six founding EC Member States ('the Six') convened at an EC summit in Rome, which was overshadowed by growing tensions in the Middle East. Even though several leaders felt that the events necessitated a common response, the Six failed to even reach agreement as to how to proceed with discussions on the matter. While Germany was in favor of debating the situation at the summit, France favoured a four-power summit consisting of the UK, the USA, the Soviet Union, and themselves. When the crisis escalated into the Six-Day War shortly after the summit, the national responses differed considerably.

## Creation of the document

The EC's failure to deliver coordinated action in the midst of a major international crisis like the Six-Day War was an embarrassment to the Europeans. Economic integration had transformed the EC into a formidable economic power - yet its economic weight stood in sharp contrast to its political sway. The inability to speak with one voice in the days leading up to the Six-Day War and its aftermath together with the resignation of Charles de Gaulle in April 1969 led the EC to develop a new instrument for foreign policy coordination. The EPC was introduced in The Hague summit of December 1969 and placed the Middle East high on its agenda. This led to the drafting of the so-called Schumann document two years later.

## Content

The document outlined six principles:
* the establishment of demilitarized zones, in which international forces would be stationed;
* an overall Israeli withdrawal from occupied territories with minor border adjustments;
* the internationalization of Jerusalem;
* the postponement of conclusive solution regarding the sovereignty of east Jerusalem;
* the choice for the 'Arab refugees' of either returning to their home or being indemnified;
* the approval of the Jarring Mission.

## Reception

When its contents were leaked to the German press it was contested what the status of the document was. France claimed it represented the official policy of the Community while Germany and the Netherlands maintained it was no more than a working paper that had been prepared for discussion.
# Hilda Ward

Hilda Ward (1878–1950) American Expressionist painter and author. She studied with Robert Henri and exhibited in the 1910 New York Exhibition of Independent Artists and the 1913 Armory Show. Ward also wrote A Girl and the Motor.

## Early life

Hilda Ward was born in Annapolis, Maryland, the daughter of Rear Admiral Aaron Ward.
Ward studied in New York City with Robert Henri. Her friends included William Glackens and John French Sloan.

## Career

Ward exhibited at the 1910 New York Exhibition of Independent Artists, showing The Tenant's Dog. Ward was also one of the artists who exhibited at the Armory Show of 1913. The show included two of her pieces, The Hound and The Kennels, one of which was a pastel and the other a drawing.
Ward was the author of a 1908 book entitled A Girl and the Motor, which chronicled her experiences as a woman driver and mechanic during the early years of the Automobile Age. She was, upon occasion, to include automobiles in the paintings.

## Personal life

Ward lived in Roslyn, Long Island. She died in 1950.
# Christophe Van Rossom

Christophe Van Rossom (born April 21, 1969) is a speaker, author of numerous articles and studies, Belgian poet and essayist. He teaches at the Royal Conservatory of Brussels, School of Graphic Research and in the Université libre de Bruxelles.

## Works

* Mallarmé, facile ?, Éditions Renaissance du Livre, Collection Paroles d'Aube, 2002 ISBN 978-2-8046-0606-0
* À Voix haute, Éditions de l'Ambedui, Bruxelles, juin 2002 OCLC 717123671
* Jacques Crickillon : La vision et le souffle, Éditions Luce Wilquin, Collection L'œuvre en lumière, 2003 ISBN 978-2-88253-224-4
* Pour saluer le Comte de La Fère : (La leçon d'Athos), Éditions William Blake And Co, 2004 ISBN 978-2-84103-136-8
* Sous un ciel dévoyé, Éditions Cormier, 2005 ISBN 978-2-930231-54-9
* Marcel Moreau : L'insoumission et l'ivresse, Éditions William Blake And Co, 2005 ISBN 978-2-88253-262-6
* Jacques Cels, architecte du sens, Éditions Luce Wilquin, Collection L'œuvre en lumière, 2009 ISBN 978-2-88253-387-6
* Savoir de guerre, Éditions William Blake And Co, 2009 ISBN 978-2-84103-172-6
* Petit traité d'athéologie, Éditions Le Cadran ligné, 2010
* Le Rire de Démocrite, Éditions la Lettre volée, 2012, ISBN 978-2-87317-296-1
# Gayle Adams

Gayle Adams is an American urban contemporary and house music musician, who is best known for her hit singles "Love Fever", "Stretch'in Out" and "Your Love Is a Lifesaver." She recorded two albums for the dance-oriented Prelude record label in the early 1980s, which were written and produced by the Washington D.C.–based record producers, Willie Lester and guitarist Rodney Brown. Adams most successful single was "Love Fever", which reached number six on the US dance charts, and number 24 on the soul singles chart in 1981. "Stretch'in Out" peaked at number 64 in the UK Singles Chart in July 1980. Her most recent hit single was "I'm Warning You" (1984).

## Discography
### Studio albums

* Gayle Adams (Prelude, 1980)
* Love Fever (Prelude, 1982)

### Compilation albums

* Gayle Adams / Love Fever (Deepbeats, 1997)

### Singles

| Year | Single | Peak chart positions | Peak chart positions | Peak chart positions |
| Year | Single | US R&B | US Dance | UK |
| 1980 | "Plain Out of Luck" | ― | — | — |
| 1980 | "Stretch'in Out" | 75 | 12 | 64 |
| 1980 | "Your Love Is a Life Saver" | — | ― | ― |
| 1981 | "Love Fever" | 24 | 6 | — |
| 1982 | "Baby I Need Your Loving" | — | — | — |
| 1983 | "Emergency / Love Attraction" | — | — | — |
| 1984 | "I'm Warning You" | — | — | 86 |
| 1987 | "Love Triangle" (with Tyrone Brunson) | — | — | — |
| 1989 | "Don't Waste My Time" | — | — | — |
| "—" denotes releases that did not chart or were not released in that territory. ||||||
# Fernando Monacelli

Fernando Monacelli is an Argentine writer and journalist. He was born in 1966 in Bahía Blanca. He studied at the Universidad Católica Argentina. He is the editor the Bahia Blanca newspaper La Nueva Provincia.
Among his notable works are the short story collection Libro de vuelo (1993) and the novel La mirada del ciervo (2008), which was a finalist for the Clarín-Alfaguara Prize in 2005 and for the La Nación-Sudamericana Prize in 2006.
His novel Sobrevivientes was the unanimous winner of the Premio Clarin de Novela in 2012, chosen by the jury consisting of Juan Cruz Ruiz, Claudia Piñeiro and Santiago Roncagliolo.
# Deepak Thakur

Deepak Thakur Sonkhla (born 28 December 1980), popularly known as Deepak Thakur, was a hockey forward in Indian team.

## Family

Thakur's father was an ex-serviceman and his mother a house-wife. His younger sister was a national badminton player.

## Career
### Junior level

Thakur became popular after his solo effort, A goal poacher, Deepak Thakur rose from the junior ranks when he scored a hat-trick in the 2001 Junior World Cup final against Australia leading India to the titleard showing 6–1. He finished the tournament with ten goals and was named the 'top scorer of the world cup . Born in hoshiarpur, Punjab. Thakur took up hockey on his father's insistence and was among the most consistent scorers in 2003, when Indian hockey made considerable progress winning four tournaments. Thakur made up for one of the most lethal attack line along with Gagan Ajit Singh and Prabhjot Singh, in a career spanning over eight years. He played in 2000 Sydney and 2004 Athens Olympics.

### Senior level

He debuted for the senior national team in June 1999 against Germany. He was part of national squad in 2000 Sydney and 2004 Athens Olympic.

## Awards

He was awarded Arjuna Award in 2004 for taking Indian hockey to next higher level.
# Kantabamsuguda

Kantabamsuguda (Telugu: కాంతబంసుగూడ, Telugu pronunciation:) is a census town in Anakapalli district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh.

## Demographics

As of 2001 India census, Kantabamsuguda had a population of 6,126. Males constitute 56% of the population and females 44%. Kantabamsuguda has an average literacy rate of 82%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 89%, and female literacy is 72%. In Kantabamsuguda, 10% of the population is under 6 years of age.

## Education

The primary and secondary school education is imparted by government, aided and private schools, under the School Education Department of the state. The medium of instruction followed by different schools are English, Telugu.
# Gerald Wollaston

Sir Gerald Woods Wollaston KCB KCVO (2 June 1874 – 4 March 1957) was a long-serving officer of arms at the College of Arms in London. Wollaston's family had a firm tradition at the College of Arms. Wollaston's great-grandfather was Sir William Woods, Garter Principal King of Arms from 1838 until his death in 1842. His grandfather was Sir Albert William Woods who held the same post from 1869 to 1904.
Wollaston was born at his grandfather's home at 69 St George's Road, Warwick Square, London on 2 June 1874 and baptised at St Benet's, Paul's Wharf on 12 July. He attended Harrow School and Trinity College, Cambridge. He was a student of the Inner Temple from 22 June 1895 and was called to the Bar on 26 January 1899.
Wollaston's first heraldic post came in 1902 with his appointment as Fitzalan Pursuivant of Arms Extraordinary. This appointment came on the coronation of King Edward VII and Queen Alexandra in that year. He held this post until becoming a member of the College chapter on 11 January 1906 as Bluemantle Pursuivant of Arms in Ordinary.
On 26 February 1919, Wollaston was promoted to the office of Richmond Herald of Arms in Ordinary. He remained a herald in ordinary until 1929, when he was appointed Norroy King of Arms. He became Garter Principal King of Arms in 1930 to replace Henry Burke.
He was appointed a Knight Commander of the Royal Victorian Order in the 1935 New Year Honours and a Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath in the 1937 Coronation Honours. Wollaston retired from the post of Garter in 1944 to become the second Norroy and Ulster King of Arms and served as such until his death in 1957.

## Arms

Coat of arms of Gerald Wollaston :
* Adopted1610
* CrestOn a wreath of the colours out of a mural crown or a demi-griffin argent holding a pierced mullet sable.
* EscutcheonArgent, 3 pierced mullets sable.
* MottoNe quid falsi ("Neither false")
* Ordersthe circlet of the Royal Victorian Order as KCVO
# Mohamed Khaled Belabbas

Mohamed Khaled Belabbas (born 4 July 1981 in L'Haÿ-les-Roses, France) is an Algerian runner. He competed in the 3000 m steeplechase event at the 2012 Summer Olympics.
# Emmanuel Bangué

Emmanuel Bangué (born 21 July 1971 in Saint-Maur-des-Fosses) is a French long jumper, best known for finishing fourth at the 1996 Olympic Games. His personal best is 8.25 metres, achieved in September 1996 in Tomblaine.

## Achievements

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Event | Notes |
| Representing France ||||||
| 1996 | European Indoor Championships | Stockholm, Sweden | 13th (q) | Long jump | 7.82 m |
| 1996 | Olympic Games | Atlanta, United States | 4th | Long jump | 8.19 m |
| 1997 | Mediterranean Games | Bari, Italy | 9th | Long jump | 7.70 m |
| 1997 | World Championships | Athens, Greece | 8th (sf) | 4x100 m relay | 38.71 s |
| 1997 | World Championships | Athens, Greece | 13th (q) | Long jump | 7.93 m |
| 1998 | European Indoor Championships | Valencia, Spain | 3rd | Long jump | 8.05 m |
| 1998 | European Championships | Budapest, Hungary | 9th | Long jump | 7.79 m |
| 1999 | World Championships | Seville, Spain | 9th | Long jump | 7.94 m |
| 2000 | European Indoor Championships | Ghent, Belgium | 6th | Long jump | 7.82 m |
| 2002 | European Indoor Championships | Vienna, Austria | 22nd (q) | Long jump | 7.58 m |
# Cindy Billaud

Cindy Billaud (born 11 March 1986 in Nogent-sur-Marne) is a French athlete specialising in the 100 metres hurdles. Her biggest success to date is the seventh place at the 2013 World Championships in Moscow.
Billaud competed for France at the 2016 Summer Olympics.
She has personal bests of 12.56 seconds in the 100 metres hurdles (2014) and 7.87 seconds in the 60 metres hurdles (2014).

## Competition record

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Event | Notes |
| Representing France ||||||
| 2003 | World Youth Championships | Sherbrooke, Canada | 14th (sf) | 100 m hurdles (76.2 cm) | 13.95 |
| 2004 | World Junior Championships | Grosseto, Italy | 11th (sf) | 100 m hurdles | 13.83 (wind: -0.9 m/s) |
| 2005 | European Junior Championships | Kaunas, Lithuania | 3rd | 100 m hurdles | 13.65 |
| 2007 | European U23 Championships | Debrecen, Hungary | 11th (sf) | 100 m hurdles | 13.60 (wind: -1.9 m/s) |
| 2008 | World Indoor Championships | Valencia, Spain | 14th (sf) | 60 m hurdles | 8.19 |
| 2009 | European Indoor Championships | Turin, Italy | 7th | 60 m hurdles | 8.19 |
| 2009 | World Championships | Berlin, Germany | 20th (h) | 100 m hurdles | 13.20 |
| 2011 | World Championships | Daegu, South Korea | 33rd (h) | 100 m hurdles | 13.50 |
| 2013 | World Championships | Moscow, Russia | 7th | 100 m hurdles | 12.84 |
| 2014 | World Indoor Championships | Sopot, Poland | 4th | 60 m hurdles | 7.89 |
| 2014 | European Championships | Zürich, Switzerland | 2nd | 100 m hurdles | 12.79 |
| 2015 | World Championships | Beijing, China | 28th (h) | 100 m hurdles | 13.23 |
| 2016 | European Championships | Amsterdam, Netherlands | 7th | 100 m hurdles | 13.29 |
| 2016 | Olympic Games | Rio de Janeiro, Brazil | 17th (sf) | 100 m hurdles | 13.03 |

### National

| Year | Competition | Location | Event | Place | Time |
| 2011 | French Championships | Albi | 100 m hurdles | 2nd | 13 s 05 |
| 2013 | French Championships | Paris | 100 m hurdles | 1st | 12 s 59 |
| 2014 | French Championships | Reims | 100 m hurdles | 1st | 12 s 58 |
| 2015 | French Championships | Villeneuve-d'Ascq | 100 m hurdles | 1st | 12 s 89 |

## Personal Bests

Records personnels :
| Event | Performance | Location | Date |
| 100 m hurdles | 12 s 56 =NR | France Reims | 12 July 2014 |
| 60 m hurdles | 7 s 87 | Poland Sopot | 7 March 2014 |
# Sylviane Félix

Sylviane Felix (born 31 October 1977 in Créteil, France) is a track and field sprint athlete, competing internationally for France, who won the bronze medal in the 4 × 100 m relay at the 2004 Olympic Games in Athens, Greece.
Felix started running at age fifteen. She suffered knee and back injuries which forced her out of competition for two years between 1998 and 2000. She did not know anything about athletics and was not particularly interested in it but she won her first race. "The sensations were extraordinary so I continued with it." Her best senior solo result was finishing 4th in the 200m final at the 2002 European Athletics Championships in Munich.
Felix was the 1996 world junior 200m champion. Her occupation is police officer. She is a graduated sociologist. She finished 5th in the 200m final and 7th in the 100m final at the 2006 European Athletics Championships in Gothenburg.

## Personal Bests

* 100m: 11.15 s
* 200m: 22.56 s
* French Record Holder in 4 × 100m Relay in 2003, time: 41.78 s
# Jean-Baptiste Manhès

Jean-Baptiste Manhès (4 February 1897 – 23 April 1963) was a French long-distance runner. He competed at the 1920 and 1924 Summer Olympics.
# Hilal Khashan

Hilal Khashan is a scholar of the Middle East.
His research focuses on Middle Eastern regional security, with emphasis on the Persian Gulf.
He is quoted in the international press as a commentator on Lebanese and regional politics. In recent publications, he has analyzed the alliance between Hezbollah and Maronite leader Michel Aoun, discussed Hezbollah's plans for Lebanon, and written about Saudi Arabia's Vision 2030 which in his opinion is "flawed".

## Books

* Hizbullah: A Mission to Nowhere. Lexington Books, 2019.
* Arab Attitudes Toward Israel and Peace. Washington, D.C.: The Washington Institute for Near East Policy, Policy Focus Series no. 40, 2000. Translated into Hebrew by Tami Steinmetz Center for Peace Research, Tel Aviv University, 2001.
* Arabs at the Crossroads: Political Identity and Nationalism. University Press of Florida, 2000.
* Partner or Pariah? Attitudes Toward Israel in Syria, Lebanon, and Jordan. Washington, D.C.: The Washington Institute for Near East Policy, Policy Study no. 41, 1996.
* Khashan, Hilal (1992). Inside the Lebanese Confessional Mind. University Press of America. ISBN 978-0-8191-8778-9.
* Monte Palmer, Mima Nedelcovych, Hilal Khashan, and Deborah Monroe. Survey Research in the Arab World. London: Middle East and North Africa Press, 1982.
# Heinz-Dieter Ebbinghaus

Heinz-Dieter Ebbinghaus (born 22 February 1939 in Hemer, Province of Westphalia) is a German mathematician and logician. He received his PhD in 1967 at the University of Münster under Hans Hermes and Dieter Rödding.
Ebbinghaus has written various books on logic, set theory and model theory, including a seminal work on Ernst Zermelo. His book Einführung in die mathematische Logik, joint work with Jörg Flum and Wolfgang Thomas, first appeared in 1978 and became a standard textbook of mathematical logic in the German-speaking area. It is currently in its sixth edition (ISBN 9783662580288). An English edition of Mathematical Logic was published in the Springer-Verlag Undergraduate Texts in Mathematics series in 1984 (ISBN 0387908951), with a second edition in 1994 (ISBN 0-387-94258-0) and a third edition in 2021 (ISBN 978-3030738389).

## Books

* Heinz-Dieter Ebbinghaus, Volker Peckhaus. Ernst Zermelo: An Approach to His Life and Work, 2007, ISBN 978-3-642-08050-0.
* Heinz-Dieter Ebbinghaus, Jörg Flum. Finite Model Theory, 2005, ISBN 3-540-28787-6.
* Heinz-Dieter Ebbinghaus, Jörg Flum, Wolfgang Thomas. Einführung in die mathematische Logik, six editions since 1978.
# Gaelle Adisson

Gaelle Adisson (born 1974) is an American deep house and downtempo singer-songwriter and producer.

## Early life

Gaelle Adisson was born in 1974 in New Jersey.

## Career

Adisson contributed vocals on the 1999 global hit "King of My Castle", a song by the Wamdue Project. "King of My Castle" peaked at the top of the Billboard Dance Club Play chart in 1998. "King of My Castle" also topped the charts in the United Kingdom, and peaked within the top ten of the charts in several other countries, including Denmark, France, and Germany.
In 2004, Gaelle released her debut album, Transient through the label Naked Music. Her style is known for its smooth signature.

## Influences

Born to Haitian parents, Adisson has created a cultural hybrid that has influenced her music. The following artists have also influenced her: Patti LaBelle, Radiohead, Portishead, Cocteau Twins, Peter Gabriel, Sting, Sade, Björk, Duran Duran, Prince, Hugh Masekela, Julio Iglesias, Nina Simone, Trevor Horn, Trent Reznor and Donna Summer.

## Discography
### Albums

* Transient (2004)

### Singles

* "King of My Castle" (1997)
* "Cascades of Colour" (1999)
* "Mercy Street" (2002)
* "Give It Back" (2007)
# No Game

No Game was a popular band from Curaçao. The group exist of several vocalists, including Reinier Lijfrock, who has been crowned to Tumba-king, and drummers.

## Discography

* 2005 - Kurason óf Kónsenshi
# MRC-5

MRC-5 (Medical Research Council cell strain 5) is a diploid cell culture line composed of fibroblasts, originally developed from the lung tissue of a 14-week-old aborted white male fetus. The cell line was isolated by J.P. Jacobs and colleagues in September 1966 from the seventh population doubling of the original strain, and MRC-5 cells themselves are known to reach senescence in around 45 population doublings.

## Applications

MRC-5 cells are currently used to produce several vaccines including for hepatitis A, varicella and polio.

## Culture and society

During the COVID-19 pandemic, anti-vaccination and anti-abortion activists believed that MRC-5 was an ingredient of the Oxford–AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine, citing a study from the University of Bristol. David Matthews, a co-author for this study, clarified that MRC-5 was solely used for testing purposes to determine "how the Oxford vaccine behaves when it is inside a genetically normal human cell." The manufacturing of the vaccine used the HEK 293 fetal cell line, the kidney cells of an aborted or spontaneously miscarried female fetus, though the cells are filtered out of the final product.
# Gmina Choroszcz

Gmina Choroszcz is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Białystok County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland. Its seat is the town of Choroszcz, which lies approximately 13 kilometres (8 mi) west of the regional capital Białystok.
The gmina covers an area of 163.5 square kilometres (63.1 sq mi), and as of 2011 its total population is 14,127 (out of which the population of Choroszcz amounts to 5,732, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,395).

## Villages

Apart from the town of Choroszcz, Gmina Choroszcz contains the villages and settlements of Babino, Barszczewo, Czaplino, Dzikie, Dzikie-Kolonia, Gajowniki, Gajowniki-Kolonia, Izbiszcze, Jeroniki, Klepacze, Kolonia Czaplino, Konowały, Kościuki, Krupniki, Kruszewo, Łyski, Mińce, Ogrodniki Barszczewskie, Oliszki, Pańki, Porosły, Porosły-Kolonia, Rogówek, Rogowo, Rogowo-Kolonia, Rogowo-Majątek, Ruszczany, Sienkiewicze, Sikorszczyzna, Śliwno, Turczyn, Zaczerlany, Zaczerlany-Kolonia, Złotoria, Złotoria-Kolonia, Złotoria-Podlesie, Żółtki and Żółtki-Kolonia.

## Neighbouring gminas

Gmina Choroszcz is bordered by the city of Białystok and by the gminas of Dobrzyniewo Duże, Juchnowiec Kościelny, Kobylin-Borzymy, Łapy, Sokoły, Turośń Kościelna and Tykocin.