OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 1996–97 Hong Kong FA Cup

1996–97 Hong Kong FA Cup was the 23rd staging of the Hong Kong FA Cup. It was competed by all of the 7 teams from Hong Kong First Division League and Yee Hope from the Second Division. The competition kicked off on 6 May 1997 and finished on 1 June with the final.
Instant-Double captured the cup for the first time after beating Sing Tao by golden goal in the final.

## Fixtures and results
### Bracket

| Quarter-finals | Quarter-finals | Quarter-finals | Semi-finals | Semi-finals | Semi-finals | Final | Final | Final |
| Instant-Dict | Instant-Dict | 4 | | | | | | |
| Yee Hope | Yee Hope | 2 | | | | | | |
| Yee Hope | Yee Hope | 2 | Instant-Dict | Instant-Dict | 6 | | | |
| | | | Eastern | Eastern | 0 | | | |
| Eastern (PSO) | Eastern (PSO) | 1 (5) | Eastern | Eastern | 0 | | | |
| Golden | Golden | 1 (4) | | | | | | |
| Golden | Golden | 1 (4) | | | | Instant-Dict (AET) | Instant-Dict (AET) | 1 (2) |
| | | | | | | Sing Tao | Sing Tao | 1 (1) |
| Sing Tao (AET) | Sing Tao (AET) | 0 (1) | | | | | | | Sing Tao | Sing Tao | 1 (1) |
| South China | South China | 0 (0) | | | | | | |
| South China | South China | 0 (0) | Sing Tao | Sing Tao | 3 | | | |
| | | | Uhlsport Rangers | Uhlsport Rangers | 1 | | | |
| Uhlsport Rangers | Uhlsport Rangers | 3 | Uhlsport Rangers | Uhlsport Rangers | 1 | | | |
| Happy Valley | Happy Valley | 1 | | | | | | |
# Richard Ford (East Grinstead MP)

Sir Richard Ford (1758 – 3 May 1806) was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1789 to 1791.
Ford was elected as a Member of Parliament (MP) for the borough of East Grinstead in Sussex at an unopposed by-election in February 1789. He held that seat until the general election in 1790, when he was returned unopposed for the borough of Appleby in Westmorland.
He served less than a year as an MP for Appleby, until he resigned from the Commons in early 1791 by accepting the post of Steward of East Hendred. (The by-election for his successor was held in May 1791).
After serving the Undersecretary of State in the home office, Richard Ford was for many years chief police magistrate of London, for which services he was knighted. Ford lived some years with actress Dorothea Jordan, who had three children by him, one of whom died. She left him when his promises of marriage were not fulfilled, because it went against the wishes of Ford's father. Ford later married Benjamin Booth's daughter and a heiress. His eldest son from this marriage was also named Richard Ford known for his travel writings about Spain and art collection.
# Fort Gross Fredericksburg

Fort Gross Fredericksburg, is a fortification located in Princestown, in the Western Region of Ghana. The Brandenburg Africa Company, led by Benjamin Raule, under the patronage of Frederick William of Brandenburg (for whom the fort was named), built Fort Gross Fredericksburg in 1683–1684 as their headquarters. The fort is the only fort in Ghana of German construction.

## History

John Canoe, an Akan merchant, learned in 1708 that the Germans planned to sell the fort to the Dutch. In protest, he organized a resistance that lasted nearly 20 years and repelled battleship fleets. Eventually the Dutch seized the fort in 1725 and called it “Hollandia.” Residents saw John Canoe as a hero since he was successful in holding possession of the fort. The Dutch gave the fort to Britain in 1872, and it became part of Ghana’s newly independent country in 1957.
Fort Gross Fredericksburg was one of two German forts built in Ghana, the other being Fort Dorothea, and was made of stone imported by sea from Prussia between 1681 and 1683. It is believed that around 300,000 Africans have been transported through this fort. John Canoe’s whereabouts are unknown. Some claim he was captured after losing the fight of the fort, while others claim his remains are buried in Kumasi’s Tafo Cemetery.

## Gallery

* Fort Gross Fredericksburg at Princestown
* Inside Fort Gross Fredericksburg
* Fort Gross Fredericksburg
* Cannon ball at Fort Fredericksburg
# Chautauqua National Wildlife Refuge

The Chautauqua National Wildlife Refuge is located on the Illinois River in Mason County northeast of Havana, Illinois. It is managed by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service as one of the four Illinois River National Wildlife and Fish Refuges.
The refuge consists of 4,388 acres (17.76 km$^2$) of Illinois River bottomland, nearly all of it wetland. The parcel is the former Chautauqua Drainage and Levee District, a failed riverine polder. In the 1920s, workers with steam shovels surrounded the levee district with a large dike in an attempt to create a large new parcel of agricultural farmland. The levee district proved to be financially unable to maintain the dike, however, and the Illinois River reclaimed the polder. The complex alluvial topography that had existed before this intervention was replaced by the broad shallow pool of Chautauqua Lake.
In 1936, the federal government acquired the 4,388-acre (17.76 km$^2$) Chautauqua Drainage and Levee District parcel, including the dikes that enclosed the pool, and began to manage it for wildlife-refuge and flood control purposes. The flood-control aspects of this management have grown more challenging in the years since, as continued agricultural runoff and siltation of the Illinois River has made much of Chautauqua Lake shallower. On some shoreline strips of the lake, the silt has built up to the level of the lake surface, and an alluvial topography of sloughs and floodplain woodlands may be slowly re-establishing itself. However, many of the plant and animal species inhabiting the current Chautauqua Lake and Wildlife Refuge and adjacent Illinois River are nonnative and invasive species such as the Asian carp.
As of 2005, of the 4,388 acres (17.76 km$^2$) of the Chautauqua National Wildlife Refuge, 3,200 acres (13 km$^2$) were classified as an open pool, 800 acres (3.2 km$^2$) were classified as "water and timbered bottomland", and the remaining 388 acres (1.57 km$^2$) were classified as upland forest. The closest numbered highway is U.S. Highway 136 in Mason County.
A nesting pair of bald eagles was observed in the Chautauqua National Wildlife Refuge in the winter of 2005–06.
The Cameron/Billsbach Unit is a detached section of the refuge located further north, in Marshall County, near Henry, Illinois. It covers an additional 1,079 acres (4.37 km$^2$).
# Siba Narain Sankar

Siba Narain Sankar (born 13 October 1915) was an Indian Judge who served as the 8th Chief Justice of Orissa High Court.

## Career

Sankar was born on 13th October 1915 in New Delhi. He completed his educational career in Delhi University and joined the Bar in 1937. In 1960 he was appointed as the Additional Counsel of Central Government and later on became the Central Government Counsel in Delhi High Court. He was also the President of the Delhi Bar Association. He was elevated to the Bench of Delhi High Court on 25.5.1967 and became the Chief Justice of Orissa High Court from 1 November 1975 to 12 October 1977.
# Marquino Mindley

Marquino Mindley (born 29 December 1994) is a Jamaican cricketer who plays international cricket for the West Indies cricket team. He was part of the West Indies' squad for the 2014 ICC Under-19 Cricket World Cup. In May 2018, he was selected to play for the Barbados national cricket team in the Professional Cricket League draft, ahead of the 2018–19 season. In October 2019, he was named in Jamaica's squad for the 2019–20 Regional Super50 tournament. He made his Test debut in December 2022.
In June 2020, Mindley was named as one of eleven reserve players in the West Indies' Test squad, for their series against England. The Test series was originally scheduled to start in May 2020, but was moved back to July 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
# Fire Bird (album)

Fire Bird is the tenth studio album by Japanese musician Miyavi. It was released on 31 August 2016 in Japan. It charted 11th on Oricon and on Billboard Japan.

## Release

The album was followed up by a nationwide tour MIYAVI Japan Tour 2016 "NEW BEAT, NEW FUTURE", which included 10 stops. The last performance was held at Makuhari Messe, and was broadcast live on Abema TV, with more than 100,000 viewers watching.

## Personnel

Credits are adapted from the album's liner notes.
* Miyavi - vocals (1-4, 6-10), guitar (all tracks), writer (all tracks)
* Austin Massirman - backing vocals (1-4, 6-10)
* Lenny Skolnik - backing vocals (1-4, 6-10)
* Tony Rodini - backing vocals (1, 2, 4, 6-10)
* Jonny Litten - keyboard (1-7, 10)
* Bobo - drums (1, 3, 4, 6)
* Brendan Buckley - drums (2, 5, 7, 10)
* Rosie Bones - vocals (3)
* Meron Ryan - backing vocals (2, 4, 7, 8, 10)
* Seann Bowe - backing vocals (2, 4)
* Sidnie Tipton - backing vocals (2, 4, 7, 8, 10)
* Doc Brittain - backing vocals (9), drums (9)
* Nick Long - writer (5)
* Meron Ryan - backing vocals (2, 4, 7-10)
* Adam-Kapit - keyboards (7), vocals (7),
* Melody - backing vocals (8-10)
* Ras - backing vocals (9)
* Elizabeth Cunningham - backing vocals (9)
* Ilan Kidron - backing vocals (9)
* Hatsukazu Hatch Inagaki - engineer
* Shojiro Watanabe - additional engineer (1-4, 6)
* Carl Stoodt - assistant engineer
* Shaun Ezrol - assistant engineer
* Howie Weinberg - mastering engineer (all tracks)
* Chris Lord-Alge - mixing engineer (1-3, 5-10)
* Jon Kaplan - mixing engineer (4)
# Senožaty

Senožaty is a municipality and village in Pelhřimov District in the Vysočina Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 800 inhabitants.
Senožaty lies approximately 16 kilometres (10 mi) north of Pelhřimov, 34 km (21 mi) north-west of Jihlava, and 81 km (50 mi) south-east of Prague.

## Administrative division

Senožaty consists of four municipal parts (in brackets population according to the 2021 census):
* Senožaty (732)
* Nečice (20)
* Otavožaty (27)
* Tukleky (38)
# Samuel Kojo Abbey

Samuel Kojo Abbey (born 31 August 1997) is a Ghanaian professional footballer who plays as a centre-back for Brunei Super League club Kasuka. He has also played for teams in Ghana, Kenya, Uganda and Myanmar.

## Career

Abbey was playing in the lower divisions of Ghana's football pyramid when he first moved abroad to Kitengela Shooters in Kenya. He then transferred to JMC Hippos who were playing in the 2015–16 Uganda Super League. He next moved to Mawyawadi FC of the MNL-2, Myanmar's second-tier club competition, in 2017. He stayed there until 2019 when he joined Dagon FC who were promoted to the 2019 Myanmar National League, and played 11 games for the Yangon side until they suffered relegation on the final day of the season.
In 2021, Abbey signed for Kasuka FC of the Brunei Super League. He scored a hat-trick in his debut in a 1–11 win against Panchor Murai FC on 20 June, becoming the first foreigner to score a hat-trick in the Brunei Super League.
Abbey stayed with Kasuka the following year and picked up a runners-up medal at the 2022 Brunei FA Cup, beaten by DPMM FC in the final on 4 December of that year.
Abbey's team went 16 games undefeated in the 2023 Brunei Super League, bringing him his first championship medal. In the following 2024–25 season, Kasuka was also unbeaten in 13 games and Abbey picked himself a second consecutive league championship medal.

## Honours
### Kasuka FC

* Brunei Super League (2): 2023, 2024–25
# 1971 NBA All-Star Game

The 1971 NBA All-Star Game was played at the San Diego Sports Arena, in San Diego, on January 12, 1971.
The coach for the East team was Red Holzman and the West team was coached by Larry Costello. Officials for the game were Mendy Rudolph and Ed T. Rush. The announced attendance was 14,378. West beat the East 108–107. Lenny Wilkens was named the game's most valuable player.

## Team rosters
### Western Conference

| Player, Team | MIN | FGM | FGA | FTM | FTA | REB | AST | PF | PTS |
| Lew Alcindor, MIL | 30 | 8 | 16 | 3 | 4 | 14 | 1 | 2 | 19 |
| Jerry Lucas, SFW | 29 | 5 | 9 | 2 | 2 | 9 | 4 | 2 | 12 |
| Oscar Robertson, MIL | 24 | 2 | 6 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 5 |
| Bob Love, CHI | 21 | 6 | 12 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 0 | 2 | 16 |
| Lenny Wilkens, SEA | 20 | 8 | 11 | 5 | 5 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 21 |
| Jerry West, LAL | 20 | 2 | 4 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 9 | 1 | 5 |
| Elvin Hayes, SDR | 19 | 4 | 13 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 10 |
| Chet Walker, CHI | 19 | 3 | 9 | 4 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 10 |
| Dave Bing, DET | 19 | 2 | 7 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 4 |
| Wilt Chamberlain, LAL | 18 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 8 | 5 | 0 | 2 |
| Dick Van Arsdale, PHO | 12 | 2 | 4 | 0 | 1 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 4 |
| Geoff Petrie, POR | 5 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| Jeff Mullins, SFW | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Connie Hawkins, PHO | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Totals | 240 | 43 | 95 | 22 | 31 | 53 | 31 | 15 | 108 |

### Eastern Conference

| Player, Team | MIN | FGM | FGA | FTM | FTA | REB | AST | PF | PTS |
| Willis Reed, NYK | 27 | 5 | 16 | 4 | 6 | 13 | 1 | 3 | 14 |
| Walt Frazier, NYK | 26 | 3 | 9 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 5 | 2 | 6 |
| John Havlicek, BOS | 24 | 6 | 12 | 0 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 12 |
| Gus Johnson, BAL | 23 | 5 | 12 | 2 | 2 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 12 |
| Jo Jo White, BOS | 22 | 5 | 10 | 0 | 0 | 9 | 2 | 2 | 10 |
| Wes Unseld, BAL | 21 | 4 | 9 | 0 | 0 | 10 | 2 | 2 | 8 |
| Dave DeBusschere, NYK | 19 | 4 | 7 | 0 | 0 | 7 | 3 | 3 | 8 |
| Billy Cunningham, PHI | 19 | 2 | 8 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 3 | 1 | 5 |
| Earl Monroe, BAL | 18 | 3 | 9 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 2 | 3 | 6 |
| Lou Hudson, ATL | 17 | 6 | 13 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 14 |
| Tom Van Arsdale, CIN | 11 | 4 | 8 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 8 |
| Johnny Green, CIN | 7 | 2 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 4 |
| Bob Kauffman, BUF | 4 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| John Johnson, CLE | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| Totals | 240 | 49 | 118 | 9 | 18 | 68 | 25 | 27 | 107 |
# Antonio Armuzzi

Antonio Armuzzi (born 14 August 1969) is a former Italian male long-distance runner who competed at individual senior level at the IAAF World Half Marathon Championships.
He also won a medal with the national team at the European 10,000m Cup.
# 1950 Maltese general election

General elections were held in Malta between 2 and 4 September 1950. Following the Labour Party splitting into the Malta Labour Party and the Malta Workers Party, the Nationalist Party emerged as the largest party, winning 12 of the 40 seats.

## Electoral system

The elections were held using the single transferable vote system.

## Results

| Party | Party | Votes | % | Seats | +/– |
| | Nationalist Party | 31,431 | 29.62 | 12 | +5 |
| | Malta Labour Party | 30,332 | 28.58 | 11 | New |
| | Malta Workers Party | 24,616 | 23.19 | 11 | New |
| | Constitutional Party | 10,584 | 9.97 | 4 | New |
| | Democratic Action Party | 6,361 | 5.99 | 1 | –3 |
| | Jones Party | 852 | 0.80 | 0 | –2 |
| | Independents | 1,953 | 1.84 | 1 | +1 |
| Total | Total | 106,129 | 100.00 | 40 | 0 |
| Valid votes | Valid votes | 106,129 | 99.35 | | |
| Invalid/blank votes | Invalid/blank votes | 691 | 0.65 | | |
| Total votes | Total votes | 106,820 | 100.00 | | |
| Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | 144,516 | 73.92 | | |
| Source: Nohlen & Stöver ||||||

## Aftermath

In the aftermath of the election the Nationalist Party formed a coalition government with the Workers Party. However, the two parties had a difficult relationship, and early elections were held less than a year later.
# Glenlawn Collegiate

Glenlawn Collegiate is a public English-language secondary school in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, located at 770 St. Mary's Road, Elm Park in the suburb of St. Vital. It is part of the Louis Riel School Division.

## Notable alumni

* Obie Baizley: Progressive Conservative member of the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba, cabinet minister under Dufferin Roblin and Walter Weir.
* Reid Carruthers: World Men's Curling Champion
* Edward Connery: Progressive Conservative member of the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba, cabinet minister under Gary Filmon.
* Gabriel Langois: Known affectionately as "Dancing Gabe" by Winnipeg sports fans.
* Nigel Dawes: Professional hockey player.
* Gerald Ducharme: Progressive Conservative member of the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba, cabinet minister under Gary Filmon.
* Laurie Hawn: Member of Parliament
* Henry Janzen: CFL player
* Jim Peebles: Won the Nobel Prize in Physics
* Adam Smoluk: Actor, Screenwriter, and Director
# Grote Prijs Stad Eeklo

The Grote Prijs Stad Eeklo is a cyclo-cross race in Eeklo, Belgium organised since 1996 by Wielerclub Sportvrienden Eeklo.

## Results

| Year | Winner | Second | Third |
| 2021 | Quinten Hermans | Toon Aerts | Eli Iserbyt |
| 2019 | Laurens Sweeck | Eli Iserbyt | Quinten Hermans |
| 2017 | Mathieu van der Poel | Wout van Aert | Michael Vanthourenhout |
| 2016 | Wout Van Aert | Toon Aerts | Michael Vanthourenhout |
| 2015 | Wout Van Aert | Kevin Pauwels | Michael Vanthourenhout |
| 2014 | Tom Meeusen | Michael Vanthourenhout | Wout Van Aert |
| 2013 | Sven Nys | Marcel Meisen | Martin Bína |
| 2012 | Sven Nys | Tom Meeusen | Marcel Meisen |
| 2011 | Klaas Vantornout | Zdeněk Štybar | Dieter Vanthourenhout |
| 2010 | Bart Wellens | Dieter Vanthourenhout | Sven Nys |
| 2009 | Niels Albert | Klaas Vantornout | Sven Nys |
| 2008 | Klaas Vantornout | Bart Wellens | Niels Albert |
| 2007 | Sven Nys | Niels Albert | Lars Boom |
| 2006 | Sven Nys | Niels Albert | Bart Wellens |
| 2005 | Sven Vanthourenhout | Sven Nys | Richard Groenendaal |
| 2004 | Sven Nys | Sven Vanthourenhout | Mario De Clercq |
| 2003 | Bart Wellens | Sven Nys | Ben Berden |
| 2002 | Mario De Clercq | Bart Wellens | Sven Vanthourenhout |
| 2001 | Bart Wellens | Mario De Clercq | Peter Van Santvliet |
| 2000 | Mario De Clercq | Sven Nys | Ben Berden |
| 1999 | Sven Nys | Bart Wellens | Ben Berden |
| 1998 | Bart Wellens | Sven Nys | Mario De Clercq |
| 1997 | Arne Daelmans | Paul Herygers | Bart Wellens |
| 1996 | Mario Lammens | Paul Herygers | Peter Van Den Abeele |
# Girls in the Night

Girls in the Night is an American film noir directed by Jack Arnold. Released by Universal Pictures on January 15, 1953, the film stars Harvey Lembeck, Joyce Holden and Glenda Farrell. The film revolves around a family whose efforts to move into a better neighborhood are suddenly hampered when their son is accused of killing a blind man.

## Plot

Hannah Haynes, a pretty girl who competes in a beauty contest, dreams of moving away from her New York slum neighborhood. Her older brother Chuck, who has a chance to land a new job on Long Island, is hit by a car and needs to recover first.
Hannah frustrates her boyfriend by agreeing to a date with a hoodlum named Irv Kellener, which causes a fight between the men and makes the evil schemer Vera Schroeder jealous. Chuck and his girlfriend Georgia, who does seductive dances to entice men to throw coins to her, become so desperate that they steal from a beggar who is pretending to be blind.
Anticipating their plot, Irv arrives there first but is caught by the beggar and shoots him. Vera hides the gun and provides an alibi. Chuck and Georgia later execute their plan and steal more than $600, unaware that their victim is dead. Vera blackmails them, demanding $2,000 to prevent her from snitching to the police.
The principals confront each another in a warehouse, where Irv kisses Hannah and infuriates Vera. The police arrive, Irv runs and he is accidentally electrocuted. Chuck and Georgia are set free after returning the stolen money.

## Cast

* Harvey Lembeck as Chuck Haynes
* Joyce Holden as Georgia Codray
* Glenda Farrell as Alice Haynes
* Leonard Freeman as Joe Spurgeon
* Patricia Hardy as Hannah Haynes
* Jaclynne Greene as Vera Schroeder
* Don Gordon as Irv Kellener
* Anthony Ross as Charlie Haynes
* Emile Meyer as Police Officer Kovacs (as Emile G. Meyer)
* Susan Odin as Hilda Haynes
* Tommy Farrell as Frankie (as Tommie Farrell)
* Paul E. Burns as 'Blind' Fred Minosa
* John Eldredge as Judge
* Alan Dexter as Police Lt. Meyers
* Charles Cane as McGinty
* Dolores Fuller as woman at sorority clubhouse party

## Reception

François Truffaut wrote that the film "leaves us in an intermediary state between surprise and delight," that "each scene [...] makes us think that it was the one that the author treated the most lovingly," and that "the directing of the actors (all newcomers) is perfect." Writing in AllMovie, critic Hal Erickson described the film as a "misleadingly titled [...] potboiler" in which "Glenda Farrell delivers the film's best performance." Critic Mike Bear wrote in Letterboxd that the film was an "unusual noir" that "combines juvenile delinquency, family values, yearning for a better life, murder, robbery, and blackmail [and] a homely girl they all call 'Ugly.'"
# All Light, Everywhere

All Light, Everywhere is a 2021 American documentary film written and directed by Theo Anthony. It follows the biases on how humans see things, focusing primarily on the use of police body cameras.
The film had its world premiere at the Sundance Film Festival on January 31, 2021, where the film won the U.S. Documentary Special Jury Award for Nonfiction Experimentation. It was released on June 4, 2021, by Super LTD.

## Synopsis

The film follows the biases inherent to the way humans physically see the world, focusing primarily on the usage of police body cameras and other forms of police surveillance, but also tracing studies of solar eclipses as well as the parallel development of automatic weapons with the motion picture camera.

## Release

The film had its world premiere at the Sundance Film Festival on January 31, 2021. Shortly after, Super LTD, the boutique film division of Neon, acquired U.S. distribution rights to the film. It was released on June 4, 2021.

## Reception

All Light, Everywhere received positive reviews from film critics. It holds a 93% rating on review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, based on 57 reviews, with a weighted average of 7.90/10. The site's critical consensus reads, "All Light, Everywhere poses thought-provoking questions about our view of objective reality -- and the implications for our growing reliance on surveillance technology". On Metacritic, the film holds a rating of 74 out of 100, based on 9 critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews". The Hollywood Reporter picked the film to be among the best of films released so far in 2021 as of early July 2021.
# Frisbie Pie Company

The Frisbie Pie Company is an American pie company located in Bridgeport, Connecticut. It was founded in 1871 by William Russell Frisbie in Bridgeport, Connecticut, when he bought and renamed a branch of the Olds Baking Company. The company was located on Kossuth Street in Bridgeport's East Side, where workers would toss around the pie tins while on their breaks. The activity made its way to nearby college campuses.

## Pie tins

Frisbie supplied pies to many Connecticut retailers and restaurants, including the Middlebury College campus in nearby Vermont. Middlebury students discovered that the pie tins, inverted, had an airfoil shape, which enabled them to be thrown, with practice, in various trajectories.
In 1957, the Wham-O toy company, had the rights to a plastic flying disc design, called the "Pluto Platter". To capitalize on the craze over the pie tins, known colloquially as "Frisbies", they took the same name for their toy, changing the spelling to "Frisbee" to avoid trademark infringement.

## Frisbie pies today

The Bridgeport pie factory closed in 1958; Frisbie brand pies were bought out by Table Talk Pies.
In 2016, Dan O’Connor, a Fairfield, Connecticut resident, Frisbee player, collector and historian, acquired the license and distribution rights to the Frisbie Pie Co. He re-launched the company in November 2016 in Bridgeport, Connecticut and began distributing pies throughout the region in early 2017. They sell pies based on the original Frisbie Pie Company recipe.

## In popular culture

In Back to the Future Part III, Marty McFly (Michael J. Fox) while time-travelling to the Wild West, finds amusement in seeing the word "Frisbie" at the bottom of a pie plate. He later throws the plate at a derringer held by outlaw Buford "Mad Dog" Tannen (Thomas F. Wilson), foiling his attempt to shoot Doctor Emmett Brown (Christopher Lloyd).