# Samastipur district

Samastipur is one of the thirty-eight districts of Bihar in India. The district headquarters are located at Samastipur. The district occupies an area of 2904km² and has a population of 4,261,566.
Samastipur was the largest milk producing district of Bihar in 2022.

## History

Samastipur became a district in 1972 when it was split from Darbhanga district.
Samastipur consists of four sub-divisions:
* Rosera
* Samastipur
* Dalsinghsarai
* Shahpur Patori
Historically, the Samastipur district has been dominated by Koeri, Yadav and Dusadh castes. There is also a sizeable presence of Bhumihars in some of the regions, but they wield less political influence, as they are not united politically. For this reason, most of the total ten assembly constituencies falling in this district has been dominated by Koeris. The two Lok Sabha constituencies, which are part of this district are also dominated by Koeris and Dusadhs. It has been recorded that in this district, the Koeri and Bhumihar castes are indulged in criminality, as they are politically strong.

## Geography

Samastipur district occupies an area of 2,904 square kilometres (1,121 sq mi), comparatively equivalent to Indonesia's Muna Island. Samastipur is bounded on the north by the Bagmati River which forms part of the border with Darbhanga district. On the west it is bordered by Vaishali and Muzaffarpur districts, and on the south by the Ganga, which forms the border with Patna district, while on its southeast are the Begusarai and Khagaria districts. The district headquarters is located at Samastipur. The district is largely agricultural farmland with very little forest cover.
There are 20 blocks in the Samastipur district:
* Samastipur
* Kalyanpur
* Pusa
* Warisnagar
* Tajpur
* Khanpur
* Sarairanjan
* Ujiarpur
* Rosera
* Singhia
* Hasanpur
* Bithan
* Bibhutpur
* Shivaji Nagar
* Dalsinghsarai
* Patori
* Vidyapati Nagar
* Mohiuddinagar
* Mohanpur
* Morwa

## Politics

Ujiarpur Lok Sabha constituency and Samastipur Lok Sabha constituency are the Parliament constituencies.
| District | No. | Constituency | Name | Party | Alliance |
| Samastipur | 131 | Kalyanpur | Maheshwar Hazari | JD(U) | NDA |
| Samastipur | 132 | Warisnagar | Ashok Kumar | JD(U) | NDA |
| Samastipur | 133 | Samastipur | Akhtarul Islam Sahin | RJD | MGB |
| Samastipur | 134 | Ujiarpur | Alok Kumar Mehta | RJD | MGB |
| Samastipur | 135 | Morwa | Ranvijay Sahu | RJD | MGB |
| Samastipur | 136 | Sarairanjan | Vijay Kumar Chaudhary | JD(U) | NDA |
| Samastipur | 137 | Mohiuddinnagar | Rajesh Kumar Singh | BJP | NDA |
| Samastipur | 138 | Bibhutipur | Ajay Kumar | CPI(M) | MGB |
| Samastipur | 139 | Rosera | Birendra Kumar | BJP | NDA |
| Samastipur | 140 | Hasanpur | Tej Pratap Yadav | RJD | MGB |

## Economy

In 2006 the Ministry of Panchayati Raj named Samastipur one of the country's 250 most backward districts (out of a total of 640). It is one of the 36 districts in Bihar receiving funds from the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme (BRGF).

## Education

Samastipur has several schools and colleges. Most of the colleges are affiliated to the Lalit Narayan Mithila University, Darbhanga. The Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agriculture University, is located near the town, in Pusa. This university was constructed in 1970 near the ruins of Pusa Institute which was the Indian Agricultural Research Institute built during the British regime.
Samastipur has medical college namely Shri Ram Janki Medical College and Hospital and a private nursing college namely AHS Nursing College & Hospital situated in Tajpur Road, Samastipur, both are recognised by Government of Bihar and affiliated by Bihar University of Health Sciences.
IGNOU has several study centres in Samastipur.

## Demographics

Religions in Samastipur district (2011) :
| Religion | Religion | Percent | Percent |
| Hinduism | Hinduism | 89.18% | 89.18% |
| Islam | Islam | 10.62% | 10.62% |
| Other or not stated | Other or not stated | 0.20% | 0.20% |
According to the 2011 census Samastipur district has a population of 4,261,566, roughly equal to the Republic of the Congo or the US state of Kentucky. This gives it a ranking of 45th in India (out of a total of 640). The district has a population density of 1,467 inhabitants per square kilometre (3,800/sq mi). Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 25.53%. Samastipur has a sex ratio of 911 females for every 1000 males, and a literacy rate of 61.86%. 3.47% of the population lives in urban areas. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes make up 18.85% and 0.04% of the population respectively.
Languages of Samstipur district (2011)
At the time of the 2011 Census of India, 52.32% of the population in the district spoke Hindi, 30.79% Maithili and 8.40% Urdu as their first language. 8.29% of the population recorded their language as 'Others' under Hindi.

## Notable people

* Karpoori Thakur
* Ram Balak Singh Kushwaha, two term Member of Bihar Legislative Assembly.