OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Razing of Vorizia

The razing of Vorizia (Greek: Καταστροφή των Βοριζίων) refers to the destruction of the village of Vorizia (Βορίζια) in Crete (Greece) by aerial bombardment and the murder of five of its inhabitants on 27 August 1943 by German occupying forces during World War II.

## Background

The village of Vorizia (or Voriza) is built on the south slopes of Mt Ida, located approximately 55 kilometres (34 miles) south of Heraklion. Its residents are primarily occupied with olive tree cultivation and pastoral farming.
During the German occupation of Crete, residents of Vorizia participated or provided aid to the resistance. The first resistance group in the region was established in June 1941 by Georgios Petrakis (Petrakogiorgis) and five men from Vorizia.

## The razing

On 15 August 1943, the resistance group of Petrakogiorgis clashed with a German force. Despite being heavily outnumbered, Petrakogiorgis and his band managed to escape after fierce fighting that lasted the whole day. The partisans lost seven men whereas the Germans thirteen. This conflict came to be known as the Battle of Trahili, owing its name to the area it took place.
In reprisal for the help of locals to the partisans, General Müller ordered German forces to surround Vorizia on 27 August 1943. The villagers were led to the churchyard, three of them were summarily shot that day and two the next day. Later on, the others were driven out of the village and seven Ju 87 Stuka dive bombers appeared, dropping a total of 21 (presumably 50 kg) bombs. Following the bombing, the village ruins were doused with petrol and set on fire.

## Aftermath

As a result of the bombing, Vorizia was completely destroyed and its residents were forced to seek shelter in nearby villages. After the war, the Greek state built a new settlement near the destroyed one. Nevertheless, the locals did not agree to relocate and chose to rebuild their village on the ruins on the destroyed one.
# Stark Covered Bridge

The Stark Covered Bridge is a historic wooden covered bridge over the Upper Ammonoosuc River in Stark, New Hampshire. It carries a connecting roadway which joins the Northside Road to New Hampshire Route 110. The bridge was built in either 1857 or 1862 (sources differing), replacing a floating bridge that had been located a short way upstream. It is a two-span Paddleford truss bridge, which is a regional variant of the Long truss. It is 151 feet (46 m) long with a span of 138 feet (42 m), and is 29 feet (8.8 m) wide, carrying an 18-foot (5.5 m) wide roadway and two 6.5-foot (2.0 m) sidewalks. The shore ends of the bridge rest on abutments of granite stone, while the center of the bridge is supported by a reinforced concrete pier, which is flared on the upstream side to deflect debris. The bridge is reinforced with steel beams, giving it a carrying capacity of 15 tons. It is decorated with pendant acorn finials and painted bright white.
When originally built, the central pier was also of granite, but it was washed away, along with the bridge, in 1890 or 1895. The bridge survived the disaster, and was placed again on its abutments, and reinforced with laminated arches that were thought to eliminate the need for a central pier. This configuration survived until 1946, when sagging in the bridge prompted construction of a temporary wooden central pier. The bridge was rebuilt in 1954, adding the present concrete pier and the steel stringers, and removing the laminated arches.
The bridge was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.
# Starners Dam Bridge

The Starners Dam Bridge is a steel stringer bridge over Alloway Creek on Baptist Road in Taneytown, Carroll County, Maryland, USA. It is also called Alloway Creek Bridge.

## History

The steel stringer bridge was constructed in 1911 with construction number 200000CL0207010 about 0.11 miles north of Starners Dam in Taneytown. When it was constructed, the bridge was 19.2 metres (63 ft 0 in) long, 6.6 metres (21 ft 8 in) wide and weighed 62.4 tons. Its deck was made by concrete cast-in-place and it has two lanes of roadway which are part of Baptist Road. Its purpose is to carry Baptist Road over Alloway Creek.
It was reconstructed in 1987 and is now owned by the County Highway Agency. In 2008, it had an average daily traffic of 232 vehicles with 5% of truck traffic and it is toll free. It is inspected for flaws every 24 months.
# Starrucca Viaduct

Starrucca Viaduct is a stone arch bridge that spans Starrucca Creek near Lanesboro, Pennsylvania, in the United States. Completed in 1848 at a cost of $320,000 (equal to $11,268,923 today), it was at the time the world's largest stone railway viaduct and was thought to be the most expensive railway bridge as well. Still in use, the viaduct is listed on the National Register of Historic Places and is designated as a National Historic Civil Engineering Landmark.

## History
### 19th century

The viaduct was designed by Julius W. Adams and James P. Kirkwood and built in 1847–48 by the New York and Erie Railroad, of locally-quarried random ashlar bluestone, except for three brick interior longitudinal spandrel walls and the concrete bases of the piers. This may have been the first structural use of concrete in American bridge construction.
It was built to solve an engineering problem posed by the wide valley of Starrucca Creek. The railroad considered building an embankment, but abandoned the idea as impractical. The Erie Railroad was well-financed by British investors but, even with money available, most American contractors at the time were incapable of the task. Julius W. Adams, the superintending engineer of construction in the area, hired James P. Kirkwood, a civil engineer who had worked on the Long Island Rail Road. Accounts differ as to whether Kirkwood worked on the bridge himself, or whether Adams was responsible for the plans with Kirkwood working as a subordinate. The lead stonemason, Thomas Heavey, an Irish immigrant from County Offaly, worked on other projects for Kirkwood, primarily in New England. It took 800 workers, each paid about $1 per day, equal to $35.22 today, to complete the bridge in a year. The falsework for the bridge required more than half a million feet of cord and hewn timbers.
The original single broad gauge track was replaced by two standard gauge tracks in 1886. The roadbed deck under the tracks was reinforced with a layer of concrete in 1958.
The bridge has been in continual use for more than a century and a half.

### 20th century

The viaduct was designated as a National Historic Civil Engineering Landmark by the American Society of Civil Engineers in 1973 and was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1975.

### 21st century

In 2005, the Norfolk Southern Railway leased the portion of the line from Port Jervis to Binghamton, New York to the Delaware Otsego Corporation, which operates it under the name Central New York Railway. The only railroad currently using it is Delaware Otsego's New York, Susquehanna and Western Railway.
* Starruca Viaduct, Pennsylvania, 1865, by Jasper Francis Cropsey
* October 2009
* October 2014
# State Road Covered Bridge

State Road Bridge is a covered bridge spanning Conneaut Creek in Monroe Township, Ashtabula County, Ohio, United States. The bridge, one of currently 17 drivable bridges in the county, is a single span Town truss design. Constructed of 97,000 feet (30,000 m) of southern pine and oak, it features a 4-foot-tall (1.2 m) window which extends the length of the bridge. The dedication of the bridge in 1983 was the forerunner of the Ashtabula County Covered Bridge Festival. The bridge’s WGCB number is 35-04-58, and it is located approximately 3.9 miles (6.3 km) east-southeast of North Kingsville.
State Road Bridge is not to be confused with a covered bridge on another State Road in the county, Smolen-Gulf Bridge.

## History

* 1983 – Bridge constructed.
The current structure replaced the original covered bridge on this site; that was built in 1831, by Ira Benton, and David Niles, for a cost of $100 and stood until 1898.

## Dimensions

* Span: 140 feet (42.7 m)
* Length: 157 feet (47.9 m)
* Width: 17 feet 6 inches (5.33 m)
* Height: 14 feet 6 inches (4.42 m)

## Gallery

* Closer view from the south
* View from the southeast
# Creoda of Wessex

Creoda (493? – 534?) is a shadowy figure from early Wessex history whose existence is disputed.

## Introduction

The name Creoda appears in the Anglian king-list and the (possibly derived) West Saxon Genealogical Regnal List, where he is stated to have been the son of Cerdic and father to Cynric. However, the main annalistic section of the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle omits any mention of Creoda, and describes Cynric as the son of Cerdic. Similar contradiction occurs in surviving copies of the now-lost The Life of King Alfred, which Asser commenced with a paternal ancestry of Alfred the Great that includes the name Creoda between Cerdic and Cynric, but the following section relating Alfred's maternal ancestry calls Cynric the son of Cerdic.
If he existed, Creoda may have ruled Wessex for a short period of time immediately after Cerdic's death.

## Conflicting theories

If the historical existence of Creoda is admitted, there are a number of theories as to his identity and why he appears in some primary sources, but not others:
* His inclusion in the genealogies was original, and his name was removed from some lists at a late date for dynastic and political reasons.
* He was a contemporary of Cerdic and Cynric, but ruled the Thames Valley Saxons, while they ruled the Hampshire Saxons. He is seen as the ancestor of the later kings: Ceawlin, Cædwalla and Ine. At some late date, Creoda was inserted into the Cerdicing line as the son of Cerdic, when descent from Cerdic became necessary for any king of Wessex.
* Creoda has been confused with Cerdic and some of Cerdic's later activities have been misassigned in the texts, and were originally those of Creoda and Cynric.
# Stary Dwór, Greater Poland Voivodeship

Stary Dwór is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Witkowo, within Gniezno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. It lies approximately 6 kilometres (4 mi) north-east of Witkowo, 16 km (10 mi) east of Gniezno, and 62 km (39 mi) east of the regional capital Poznań.
# Echols (surname)

Echols is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Alice Echols, American cultural critic and historian
* Antwun Echols (born 1971), American boxer
* Brandin Echols (born 1997), American football player
* Cameron Echols (born 1981), American basketball player
* Cameron Echols-Luper (born 1995), American football player
* Charlie Echols, American jazz trumpeter and bandleader
* Damien Echols (born 1974), one of the West Memphis Three
* Dorothy Jung Echols (1916–1977), American geologist
* Douglas Echols, American man wrongfully convicted of rape
* Drew Echols, American politician
* Edward Echols (1849–1914), American politician
* Emily Echols (born 1988), American jurist
* Fate Echols (1939–2002), American football player
* Harrison "Hatch" Echols (1933–1993), American molecular biologist, biochemist, and geneticist
* Jennifer Echols, American writer
* Joe Echols (1917–1977), American football coach
* John Echols (disambiguation) multiple people including:
** John Echols (1823–1896), Confederate general
** Johnny Echols (born 1947), American singer-songwriter and guitarist
** Johnny Echols (baseball) (1917–1972), American baseball player
** Jon Echols (born 1979), American politician
* Joseph Hubbard Echols (1816–1885), American politician
* Lathan Moses Echols (born 2002), better known as Lil Mosey, American rapper
* Leonard S. Echols (1871–1946), American politician
* Michael Echols, American politician
* Mike Echols (1944–2003), American writer
* Mike Echols (American football) (born 1978), American football player
* M. Patton Echols (1925–2012), American politician
* Odis Echols (1930–2013), American politician, radio broadcaster and lobbyist
* Oliver P. Echols (1892–1954), American military officer
* Paul C. Echols (1944–1994), American musicologist and conductor
* Robert L. Echols (born 1941), American judge
* Robert Milner Echols (1798–1847), American politician
* Sheila Echols (born 1964), American athlete
* Shelly Echols (born 1979), American politician
* Terry Echols (born 1962), American football player
* Tim Echols, American politician
* Vanessa Echols (born 1960), American television journalist
* William Holding Echols (1859–1934), American academic
# The Soup (film)

The Soup (Korean: 식구; RR: Sik-gu) is a 2017 South Korean family drama film starring Shin Jung-geun, Yoon Park, Jang So-yeon and Go Na-hee. Written and directed by Lim Young-hoon, it was based on the true story of an ex-convict who entered the home of a mentally disabled couple with a 7-year-old daughter, and ends up living with them. It premiered and was named Best Foreign Feature at the 26th Arizona International Film Festival 2017.

## Plot

Abandoned by his family due to his wrongdoings, ex-convict Jae-goo (Yoon Park) makes a living working as a construction worker. One day, he meets and approaches mentally disabled Soon-sik (Shin Jung-geun) at a funeral hall who let him spends the night at his house. The next morning Jae-goo leaves, but when Soon-sik comes home from work, he is startled to find Jae-goo at his home again.

## Cast

* Shin Jung-geun as Soon-sik
* Yoon Park as Jae-goo
* Jang So-yeon as Ae-shim
* Go Na-hee as Soon-young
* Kim Hyun as Landlady
* Gi Ju-bong as president
* Shin Cheol-jin as Barber
* Jung Kyu-soo as Head Seo
# Tara Institute

Tara Institute is a Tibetan Buddhist center located in the suburb of East Brighton in Melbourne which provides Buddhist teachings throughout the year. As of March 2020 the lama, Venerable Geshe Doga has been the resident teacher at the centre since 1984. The Center is a member of the FPMT.
The location is 3 Mavis Ave, Brighton East VIC 3187.

## History

Tara House, the forerunner of Tara Institute had its beginnings in Melbourne in 1974 when a small group of people who had attended one of the first Kopan Monastery meditation courses in Nepal began to meet at a house in North Fitzroy. Then in 1976 the group rented an old hotel in Carlton which was named Tara House by Lama Thubten Yeshe. In 1977 the center moved to a rented house in Kew and began to develop a retreat centre at Noojee in 1978. The first resident teacher, Geshe Dawö arrived in 1980 with his translator, Kelsang Tsering.
Following the advice and persuasion of Lama Thubten Yeshe in 1981 to "think big" Tara House bought an old mansion in East St Kilda in 1983. By 1987 this location had become too small and so the current building at Marillac House, which incorporates an historic mansion, was purchased. The centre was then renamed Tara Institute.

## Activities and facilities

There is a weekly program of meditation and Buddhist courses plus weekend courses, pujas, special healing courses, social events and activities for children.
The Center has full-time residents as well as providing dormitory accommodation for visitors. It is supported through residency, membership fees, donations and volunteer work. Amongst the facilities are a library and a bookshop.
# Bryan de la Fuente

Bryan de la Fuente (born July 1, 1992) is an American soccer player.

## Club career
### Professional

On August 25, 2010, de la Fuente became the fourth home grown player to sign a professional contract with Chivas USA. On October 23, he made his professional debut in the final game of the 2010 season against the Chicago Fire. De la Fuente was released by Chivas USA in January 2012, and subsequently signed with Mexican Primera División team Club Tijuana.
He returned to Chivas USA for the 2013 season.
In August 2014, de la Fuente signed for Armenian Premier League side FC Ararat Yerevan alongside fellow Los Angeles Misioneros teammates Jamel Wallace and Christian King. On the final day of the Armenian summer transfer window, de la Fuente signed a one-year contract with FC Shirak, but left the club on 30 December 2016.
In 2017, Bryan joined California United FC II where he was a key contributor to the team winning the United Premier Soccer League National Championships in both the Spring & Fall Seasons.
As of February 2018, Bryan joined A.C. Brea in a coaching capacity for their younger division.
On January 9, 2019, de la Fuente signed for USL Championship side Las Vegas Lights.
On April 6, 2021, de la Fuente returned to California United ahead of the 2021 season.

## International career

De la Fuente has represented the United States at the U-20 level, playing near 15 games in 7 camps domestic and international. He participated in different international tournaments including the 2010 Milk Cup in Northern Ireland where they were champions.

## Career statistics

    As of match played November 26, 2016
Appearances and goals by club, season and competition :
| Club | Season | League | League | League | National Cup | National Cup | Other | Other | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Chivas USA | 2011 | Major League Soccer | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | - | - | 1 | 0 |
| Chivas USA | 2013 | Major League Soccer | 11 | 2 | 0 | 0 | - | - | 11 | 2 |
| Ararat Yerevan | 2014–15 | Armenian Premier League | 23 | 4 | 2 | 1 | - | - | 25 | 5 |
| Ararat Yerevan | 2015–16 | Armenian Premier League | 26 | 5 | 2 | 0 | - | - | 28 | 5 |
| Ararat Yerevan | Total | Total | 49 | 9 | 4 | 0 | - | - | 53 | 10 |
| Shirak | 2016–17 | Armenian Premier League | 12 | 1 | 0 | 0 | - | - | 12 | 1 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 73 | 12 | 4 | 1 | - | - | 77 | 13 |
# Jérémie Pauzié

Jérémie Pauzié (French pronunciation:; 6 December 1716 – 30 November 1779) was a Genevan diamond jeweler, artist and memoirist, known for his work for the Russian Imperial court and the Imperial Crown of Russia, which he created with the court's jeweler Georg Friedrich Ekart.
Throughout his working life (1740–1764) Pauzié, who held the title Principal Diamond Expert and Court Jeweller, made jewellery and gifts for the Russian nobility, courtiers, and the Imperial family. Later he recorded his life in the book of Memoirs of a Court Jeweller Pauzié, published by the Russian history journal Russkaya starina in 1870.

## Biography

Pauzié studied for seven years with Benedict Gravero in Saint Petersburg, and in the end of the 1730s started his own jewellery workshop. Hs speciality was work with diamond and other jewels, he did not have much experience with noble metals. For work on metals, he hired subcontractors. In this period, Pauzié mainly produced jewellery for local noblemen, and was rarely admitted to the Imperial court.
In 1761, Empress Elizabeth died, and Ekart, who was the chief court jeweller, was charged in making a funeral crown. His solution proved to be suboptimal, and Pauzié was asked to repair the crown. After that, he got access to the court, and was considered to be Ekart's chief rival. When the reign of Catherine the Great started, Ekart was charged with making the Imperial Crown, and Pauzié decorated it with jewels, against Ekart's will. In 1764, Pauzié left Saint Petersburg and went back to Switzerland, where in 1770 he became the citizen of Geneva.

## The Great Imperial Crown

Pauzié was commissioned to work with Ekart, the Russian Imperial court's jeweler, to create the Great Imperial Crown of Russia, which was created for the coronation of Catherine the Great in 1762. The crown was made in the style of classicism and constructed of two gold and silver half spheres, representing the eastern and western Roman empires, divided by a foliate garland and fastened with a low hoop. The crown contains 75 pearls and 4,936 Indian diamonds forming laurel and oak leaves, the symbols of power and strength, and is surmounted by a 398.62 carat ruby spinel that previously belonged to the Empress Elizabeth, and a diamond cross.
After Catherine the Great's coronation the crown continued to be used as the coronation crown of all Romanov emperors, till the monarchy's abolition and the death of last Romanov, Nikolas II in 1918. It is considered to be one of the main treasures of the Romanov dynasty, and is now on display in the Moscow Kremlin Armoury Museum in Russia.

## Exhibitions and commercial use

His work formed part of the art jewellery exhibitions, including The Art of the Goldsmith & the Jeweler at A La Vieille Russie in New York (1968) and Carl Fabergé and Masters of Stone Carving: Gem Masterpieces of Russia at the Dormition Belfry of the Moscow Kremlin Museums in Moscow (2011). In 2013 the Jérémie Pauzié name was acquired by French luxury group Vendôme Private Trading.
# The Hindu Matha Dharma Paripalana Sabha

Hindu Matha Dharma Paripalana (HMDP) Sabha, Moothakunnam, Ernakulam was established in 1882 under the guidance of Asthavadhani Parishudha Vishista Paranatha Khanadana Venkatagiri Sasthrikal, an Andhrite theologist. He was the founder president of HMDP Sabha. Erezhath U Krishnan Vaidyan, Srimoolam Praja Sabha member, as founder secretary, motivated by the teachings of Sree Narayana Guru.
A number of educational institutions were established and run by the Sabha.
* Sree Narayana Mangalam Institute of Management & Technology, Maliankara, Moothakunnam Ernakulam.
* Sree Narayana Mangalam Institute of Science & Technology, Maliankara, Moothakunnam Ernakulam
* Sree Narayana Mangalam Arts and Science college, Maliankara, Moothakunnam Ernakulam
* Sree Narayana Mangalam Kindergarten, Moothakunnam Ernakulam
* Sree Narayana Mangalam LP School, Maliankara, Moothakunnam Ernakulam
* Sree Narayana Mangalam High School, Moothakunnam Ernakulam
* Sree Narayana Mangalam Higher secondary school, Moothakunnam, Ernakulam
* Sree Narayana Mangalam institute of Teacher Education, Moothakunnam Ernakulam
* Sree Narayana Mangalam Training college with B.Ed. & M.Ed., Moothakunnam Ernakulam
* Sree Narayana Mangalam Industrial training centre Moothakunnam Ernakulam
* Sree Narayana Mangalam Polytechnic College, Maliankara
# FLN Frisia Luftverkehr

FLN FRISIA-Luftverkehr GmbH Norddeich, doing business as Inselflieger (German: Islandflyer), is a small airline from Germany based in Norden, Lower Saxony, which was founded on 14 June 1969.

## Destinations

As of November 2020, FLN operated scheduled flights between Norddeich and Juist, Harle and Wangerooge as well as on-demand charter flights to other East Frisian Islands.
In 2025, FLN announced it would terminate scheduled flights between Juist and Norddeich due to decreasing passenger numbers, which prefer to use the newly established express ferries. The airline subsequently also announced it would remove four aircraft from its fleet.

## Fleet

As of June 2019, the FLN Frisia Luftverkehr fleet consisted of the following aircraft:
FLN Frisia Luftverkehr fleet :
| Aircraft | In service | Passengers |
| Britten-Norman Islander | 9 | 9 |
| Total | 9 | |

## Accidents and incidents

* FLN had to write off two of its Britten-Norman Islander aircraft after crash landings (on 12 January 1979 at Juist and on 18 May 1983 at Schleswig), neither resulting in any fatalities.