OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Shincliffe

Shincliffe is a village and civil parish in County Durham, England. The parish population (according to the 2011 census) was 1,796. It is situated just over 1 mile (1.6 km) to the south-east of Durham city centre, on the A177 road to Stockton. Shincliffe is also a civil and ecclesiastical parish consisting of Shincliffe Village, High Shincliffe, Sherburn House and Whitwell House.
Shincliffe is regarded as one of the most affluent villages in Durham City and has been designated a conservation area to preserve its historic character.

## History

The place-name 'Shincliffe' is first attested in the Liber Vitae Ecclesiae Dunelmensis of circa 1085, where it appears as Scinneclif. It appears in the Charter Rolls of 1195 as Sineclive. The name means 'the cliff of the spectre or demon, haunted cliff'.
Shincliffe is the site of a mediaeval bridge over the River Wear and archaeological investigations in 2005 suggest Shincliffe may have been the site of a Roman crossing.
In the Middle Ages Shincliffe was an agricultural community belonging to the Prior of Durham Cathedral. The population grew significantly due to coal mining at nearby Houghall, Old Durham and Shincliffe Colliery (now High Shincliffe) but declined following mine closures in the late 19th century.
Durham's first railway station opened at Shincliffe in 1839 as the passenger terminus between the Durham area and Sunderland but closed in 1893 once a line had been run from Sherburn House to Durham itself. A goods line continued to Houghall and Croxdale Colliery. In the 1920s, Back Lane along the eastern side of the village was enlarged to become a bypass for it.
Horse racing under National Hunt rules took place at Shincliffe between 1895 and 1914. The course was taken over for military purposes during the First World War and racing never resumed.

## Local features

Shincliffe Hall is a nearby woodland mansion. It served as a Land Army hostel then as postgraduate hall of residence for Durham University. In 2005 it was sold into private hands.

## Religion

Shincliffe was an outlying part of the large Durham parish of St. Oswald's. A rectory was built in the village in 1800, and a Chapel of Ease in 1826. Shincliffe became a parish in its own right in 1831, however the Parish Church, St. Mary's, was not built until 1851. John Wesley preached in Shincliffe in 1780. A (Wesleyan) Methodist Chapel opened in Shincliffe in 1874. William Sever, Bishop of Durham (1502–1505) was born in Shincliffe.

## Businesses

Although Shincliffe is primarily a residential settlement, it is also home to two pubs, a daycare nursery and the Poplar Tree garden centre. The former Post Office is now a private home.
# 2019 in Tonga

Events in the year 2019 in Tonga.

## Incumbents

* Monarch: Tupou VI
* Prime Minister: ʻAkilisi Pōhiva (until 12 September), Semisi Sika (acting, from 12 September until 8 October), Pohiva Tuʻiʻonetoa (from 8 October)

## Events
### October

* Metis Shoal, a volcanic island at the top of a submarine volcano between Kao and Late disappears during an eruption which is first reported on the morning of 14 October. A new and bigger island appears nearby.

## Deaths

* 12 September – ʻAkilisi Pōhiva, Prime Minister (b. 1941).
# Court of Public Order

The Court of Public Order (Spanish: Tribunal de Orden Público) was a court created in Francoist Spain to deal with most political crimes. It was instated as the supreme body in the newly created Public Order Jurisdiction, which also comprised an additional court, the Public Order Examination Court. This jurisdiction was considered an additional branch of the ordinary judiciary (thereby it was not considered to be special or exceptional by legal standards), together with the criminal, civil, administrative and social jurisdictions. It was not part of the military courts system. Nonetheless, the Court and its jurisdiction were always considered to be a special court.
Similar to the German People's Court in its goals, the court allowed for a rather fair process, leading on many occasions to the acquittal of the convict. Despite being considered a politically-oriented, biased court, the members of the court were all senior judges, many of them not members of the official party, and their decisions were made according to the then existing laws. There were instances, however, where many arbitrary decisions were taken.
It was established in December 1963, following Julián Grimau's execution by firing squad, replacing the Tribunal Especial para la Represión de la Masonería y el Comunismo. It was based in the Convent of the Salesas Reales in Madrid.
Though its main goal was to repress political crimes in Spain, the Court could not issue death penalties, as these could only be issued by military courts. Therefore, the most serious political and terrorist crimes were dealt with by the military courts, whose death sentences had to be signed by Franco personally.

## History

The Public Order Court's purpose was to guarantee the stability of the public order as defined by the Francoist State, by punishing within Spanish territory "those crimes whose characteristic was to subvert the basic principles of the state or to wreak havoc in the national conscience".
Some of the high-profile cases handled by the Tribunal de Orden Público during Franco's rule include the Caso Montenegro in 1964, following a string of explosions in Madrid, and the Proceso 1001 in 1973, in which the leaders of the Workers' Commissions (CCOO) trade union were imprisoned.
The Public Order Tribunal ceased operations by Royal Decree in 1977, two years after Franco's death. The Audiencia Nacional, one of the bodies established during the Spanish transition to democracy was created the same day in order to take charge of certain non-political crimes considered nationwide like terrorism.
# T. rex (disambiguation)

Tyrannosaurus rex is a species of dinosaur.
T. Rex or T-Rex may also refer to:

## Biology

* Tachyoryctes rex, the king mole rat, a rodent species found high on Mount Kenya
* Thoristella rex, a sea snail species endemic to New Zealand
* Trialeurodes rex, a whitefly species found on Sulawesi
* Tropidoptera rex, a probably extinct snail species endemic to Oahu
* Tyrannasorus rex, a fossil beetle species from the Miocene epoch
* Tyrannobdella rex, a leech species found in South America
* Tyrannochthonius rex, a pseudoscorpion species found in Australia
* Tyrannomolpus rex, a leaf beetle species endemic to New Zealand
* Tyrannomyrmex rex, an ant species found in Southeast Asia

## Arts, entertainment, and media
### Music
#### Groups and labels

* T. Rex (band), a 1970s glam rock band (previously Tyrannosaurus Rex. a 1960s psychedelic folk duo) headed by Marc Bolan
* Mickey Finn's T-Rex, a tribute band to the 1970s glam rock band, formed by members of the original band
* X-T. Rex, formerly Bill Legend's T.Rex, another tribute band to the 1970s glam rock band, formed by Bill Legend, another member of the original band
* T.Rex Wax Company, record label owned by Marc Bolan which released his band's recordings from 1972 onwards

#### Other uses in music

* T. Rex (album), a 1970 studio album by the 1970s band
* "T-Rex [Jurassic Park]", a song by Basshunter from The Old Shit album

### Other uses in arts, entertainment, and media

* T-Rex, the main character of Dinosaur Comics
* The Adventures of T-Rex, an American animated television series
* Theodore Rex (film), starring Whoopi Goldberg
* T-Rex, a toy in Big & Small

## Brands and enterprises

* .577 T-Rex, .577 Tyrannosaur, a very large and powerful rifle cartridge developed for "stopping rifles" intended to stop the charge of dangerous game
* T-Rex Engineering, a guitar effect pedal manufacturer

## Sports teams

* dmedia T-REX, a defunct Chinese Professional Baseball League team
* Tupelo T-Rex, a defunct American ice hockey team

## Vehicles

* Bremach T-Rex, a multi-purpose truck manufactured in Italy
* Campagna T-Rex, a two-seat, three-wheeled vehicle manufactured in Canada
* Dodge T-Rex, a 6x6 concept vehicle
* T-Rex (tank), a Ukrainian main battle tank in development

## Other uses

* T-Rex Cafe, a restaurant chain at Disney Springs in Lake Buena Vista, Florida
* T-REX (web server), developed at the Université du Québec à Montréal, Canada
* T-REX Project, a Colorado Department of Transportation project
* T-REx cell lines, a proprietary cell line system using tetracycline-controlled transcriptional activation
# John Long (16th-century MP)

John Long (c. 1517 – c. 1600/1602) was an English politician.
He was a member (MP) of the Parliament of England for Knaresborough in April 1554, Hedon in November 1554, Shaftesbury in 1563 and Newcastle-under-Lyme in 1571.
His father Henry and brother Robert were also MPs.
# H. FitzHerbert Wright

Henry FitzHerbert Wright (9 October 1870 – 23 February 1947) was an English cricketer, lawyer and Conservative politician. He was active in local government in Derbyshire and sat in the House of Commons from 1912 to 1918.
Wright was the eldest son of FitzHerbert Wright of the Hayes, Alfreton, Derbyshire and his wife Louise Charlotte Rudolphine von Beckmann, daughter of E C Frederick von Beckmann. His paternal grandparents were Francis Wright of Osmaston, proprietor of the Butterley Company, and his wife Selena FitzHerbert, daughter of Sir Henry FitzHerbert 3rd Bt. of Tissington Hall. He was educated at Eton where he was a proficient cricketer and at Trinity College, Cambridge. In the 1891 season he played two games for Derbyshire, making his debut against Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC). He played one game for Derbyshire against Essex in the 1892 season and spent the following winter touring in Ceylon and India with Lord Hawke's XI.
Wright suspended his first-class cricket career and was called to the bar at Inner Temple in 1895. He was on the Midland Circuit and was an alderman of the Derbyshire County Council. He returned to first-class cricket in the 1904 season when he played two games for Derbyshire. In the 1905 season managed he seven games and ended his cricket career. Wright was a right hand batsman who played 22 matches in 13 first-class games with an average of 19.38 and a top score of 55. He was a right-arm medium pace bowler.
Wright was commissioned as a Territorial Force captain in the 1st Derbyshire Howitzer Battery of the Royal Field Artillery in 1908. He served in Derbyshire as a justice of the peace and vice chair of the County Council.
Wright was elected as Member of Parliament (MP) for the Leominster constituency at an unopposed by-election in 1912, following the retirement of the incumbent. He also saw service with the Royal Artillery during World War I from 1914 to 1917. He held his parliamentary seat until the general election of 1918.
Wright was High Sheriff of Derbyshire in 1927, and chairman of the River Trent Catchment Board from 1931 to 1937. He was also a governor of Repton School.
Wright died at his home near Ashbourne, Derbyshire at the age of 76.
Wright married Muriel Harriet Fletcher. Among his children were Muriel Wright, who had a wartime affair with Ian Fleming and is commonly thought to have been the inspiration for the first Bond girl; and Margaret Wright who married Prince Michael Bagration-Imeretinsky, son of the head of the royal house of Georgia. He is also the maternal great-grandfather of Sarah, Duchess of York, through her mother Susan Barrantes.
# Robert Redmayne Parker

Robert Redmayne Parker (born 1954) is a British rural business adviser, land manager, and ceremonial officer. He worked with the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, prior to its merger into the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, and for the Country Land and Business Association. Since 1975, he has been the owner of Browsholme Hall, his family seat in Bowland Forest Low. In 2010, Parker was appointed as Bowbearer of the Forest of Bowland by William Bowland, 16th Lord of Bowland, becoming the first bowbearer of Bowland in almost one hundred and fifty years.

## Early life

Parker was born in 1954 to Edmund Christopher Parker and Diana Elizabeth Marriott. Through his father, he is a member of the landed gentry, descending from a branch of the Parker family that once owned Alkincoats Hall. His mother was the former governor of Addenbrooke’s Hospital and secretary to the Earl of Cranbrook. Parker's maternal grandfather was William Marriott, the Swiss-born engineer and railway superintendent who founded the North Norfolk Railway. He has two half siblings, Simon and Carolina, from his mother's first marriage to Captain John Swynfen Jervis.
Parker inherited Browsholme Hall, his family seat, in 1975 after the death of his fourth cousin once removed and godfather, Colonel Robert Goulbourne Parker DSO.

## Career

Parker has worked for the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (United Kingdom) and the Country Land and Business Association as a rural business advisor.

## Bowbearer of Bowland

In 2010, William Bowland, Lord of Bowland appointed Parker as the Bowbearer of the Forest of Bowland, an ancient ceremonial title of an attendant who, by tradition, accompanies the Lord of Bowland (also known as the Lord of the Fells) during hunts and serves as an officer in the Lord's forest courts. Parker was the first Bowbearer of Bowland to be appointed in nearly one hundred and fifty years. Parker's ancestors had claimed the office as a hereditary right, with successive generations holding the title between the 17th and 18th centuries.
In April 2011, Bowland accompanied the 16th Lord of Bowland, along with other representatives from the Bowland Higher Division Parish Council, the Forest authorities, and community leaders and dignitaries, on an official visit to the village of Dunsop Bridge.
In October 2012, Parker was formally presented with his Bowbearer's "wand of office" by Lord of Bowland at a public ceremony in Slaidburn. This ceremony marked the 90th anniversary of the final meeting of the manorial court at the town's Tudor courthouse.

## Personal life

Parker married Amanda Jane Backhouse in 1985. His wife served as High Sheriff of Lancashire in 2015. They have two children.
In 2010, he and his wife restored the estate's 17th-century tithe barn for use as an event space.
# Henry Anderson (merchant)

Henry Anderson (1484 – 1559) was an English politician who represented Newcastle-upon-Tyne and served once as Sheriff, as Mayor four times, was elected to the House of Commons in the Reformation Parliament in 1529, and was the first Governor of the Merchant Adventurers of Newcastle-upon-Tyne.

## Background

Henry Anderson was the son of the Newcastle-upon-Tyne merchant John Anderson and his wife Marian Lockwood, the daughter of Thomas Lockwood of Richmondshire, Yorkshire. Thomas Lockwood had previously been Sheriff (1471–72) and Mayor (1488–89) of Newcastle-upon-Tyne.

## Career

Anderson was Sheriff (1520–21), Alderman (by 1524) then Mayor of Newcastle-upon-Tyne (1532–33, 1539–40, 1542–43, 1546–47). He was elected to represent the town in the Reformation Parliament in 1529 and may even have been elected in 1523, 1536, 1539 and 1542.
During the Pilgrimage of Grace, he was among the Newcastle Mayor and Aldermen who were praised for resisting the rebellion. During his time as Mayor, Anderson was appointed as keeper of Newcastle's Dominican Friary in 1539. Anderson also provided ships and resources for the army and Royal Naval fleet during the war with Scotland in 1543. Four years later, in 1547, he became the first Governor of the newly founded Merchant Adventurers of Newcastle-upon-Tyne.
Anderson made his will in January 1559 and seems likely to have died shortly afterwards (and buried at St Nicholas's Church, Newcastle) since an inventory of his estate was made in March 1559.

## Family

Anderson married Anne Orde, the daughter of Robert Orde of Orde, Northumberland. They had ten children, including four sons: Bertram (1505–71), Francis, Henry and Clement.
He was the founder of a political dynasty – his son, Bertram (1505–1571), grandson Henry (1545–1605) and great-grandson Sir Henry (1582–1659) were all MPs, Mayors and Sheriffs of Newcastle-upon-Tyne during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries.

## Arms

Coat of arms of Henry Anderson :
* NotesThe arms of the Andersons of Newcastle-upon-Tyne
* EscutcheonOr, on a chevron Gules between three birds’ heads erased Sable, as many acorns slipped Argent, on a canton Sable three martlets Argent.

## Ancestry

Ancestors of Henry Anderson (1484–1559) :
# Granville Eliot, 7th Earl of St Germans

Granville John Eliot, 7th Earl of St Germans (22 September 1867 – 20 November 1942) was an English aristocrat.

## Early life

Granville Eliot was the son of Charles George Cornwallis Eliot (16 October 1839 – 22 May 1901) and his wife, Constance Rhiannon Guest (November 1844 - 1916). He was educated at Castleden Hall School, Farnborough, Hampshire and Charterhouse School and became a Bank Clerk, living in the Malverns.

## Title

On 21 March 1922, on the death of his first cousin John Granville Cornwallis Eliot, 6th Earl of St Germans, Granville became the 7th Earl of St Germans. He died unmarried on 20 November 1942 and his titles passed to his younger brother, Montague.
# Henry Eliot, 5th Earl of St Germans

Henry Cornwallis Eliot, 5th Earl of St Germans DL (11 February 1835 – 24 September 1911)
Henry Cornwallis Eliot was born in London on 11 February 1835 to Edward Granville Eliot, 3rd Earl of St Germans and his wife Jemima née Cornwallis (24 December 1803 – 2 July 1856).
Henry was educated at Eton College from 1845 to 1847, and served as a Midshipman in the Royal Navy in the Mediterranean Sea from 1848 to 1853. He was appointed as a Junior Clerk in the Foreign Office on 28 January 1855, where he worked until he succeeded to the Peerage in 1881.
In July 1867, he was Secretary to a special mission of Earl Vane to St Petersburg to invest the Emperor of Russia with the Order of the Garter. He was an Assistant Clerk from 1872 until the death of his older brother William Gordon Cornwallis Eliot, 4th Earl of St Germans on 19 March 1881 when he succeeded as 5th Earl of St Germans. In the 1881 Census, he was living at 13 Grosvenor Gardens, St George Hanover Square, London

## Family

Henry married on 18 October 1881 at the Chapel Royal, Savoy Street, London to Emily Harriett Labouchere (24 June 1844 – 18 October 1933), the daughter of Henry Labouchere, the first and last Baron Taunton. They had two sons:
* Edward Henry John Cornwallis Eliot, Lord Eliot (30 August 1885 – 24 August 1909)
* John Granville Cornwallis Eliot, 6th Earl of St Germans (11 June 1890 – 31 March 1922)
Henry died on 24 September 1911 at Port Eliot, Cornwall and is buried at St Germans Church. His titles passed to his second son, John, since the eldest son had predeceased him without male issue.
# John Eliot, 6th Earl of St Germans

John Granville Cornwallis Eliot, 6th Earl of St Germans, MC (11 June 1890 – 22 March 1922) was a British aristocrat.
St Germans was born at 13 Grosvenor Gardens, London to Henry Cornwallis Eliot, 5th Earl of St Germans (11 February 1835 – 24 September 1911) and his wife Emily Harriett Labouchere (24 June 1844 – 18 October 1933).
He was educated at a college in St Peter Intra, Broadstairs, Kent and at the Royal Military College, Sandhurst. He subsequently became a captain in the 2nd Dragoons of the Scots Greys, and fought in the First World War, being awarded the Military Cross.

## Family

He married Lady Blanche Linnie Somerset (15 April 1897 – 30 August 1968), the eldest daughter of the 9th Duke of Beaufort, on 11 June 1918 in London and they had two daughters:
* Lady Rosemary Alexandra Eliot (26 February 1919 – 20 April 1963) who married three times; firstly 2 September 1939 Edward Christian Frederick Nutting (9 Sep 1917-k.a.Middle East Jan 1943), by whom she had one daughter Davina (1940–1976); m.2nd 24 Feb 1945 (annulled 1949) David Frederick Hew Dunn (b. 1917); m.3rd 22 Dec 1949 Ralph Alexander Rubens (died 1995) by whom she had one daughter Alexandra (b. 1950). Her elder daughter died in a car crash with her son, leaving issue one daughter Frederica Samantha Mary Cope, now Mrs David Arthur Thomas (born 1963). Her younger daughter is now Mrs Alexandra Peyronel. Both women, co-heiresses to one-half each of the barony of Botetourt have issue.
* Lady Cathleen Blanche Lily Eliot (29 July 1921 - 1994); her elder son is David Seyfried Herbert, 19th Baron Herbert (born 1952). He has descendants.
St. Germans died in 1922 from the effects of an accident sustained during a point-to-point race at Wrangton near Totnes, Devon. As the youngest son with no sons to inherit, his title passed to his first cousin Granville John Eliot, 7th Earl of St Germans (22 September 1867 – 20 November 1942).
# Peter Eliot

Peter Charles Eliot MBE TD (30 October 1910 – 16 December 1995) was an English Anglican priest who served as Archdeacon of Worcester from 1961 to 1975.
Eliot was the great-grandson of Edward Eliot, 3rd Earl of St Germans, by his youngest son, Charles George Cornwallis Eliot. He was educated at Wellington College and Magdalene College, Cambridge. He was commissioned into the Kent Yeomanry and eventually rose to be its commanding officer from 1949 to 1952. Parallel to that time he qualified as a solicitor in 1934 and was a partner in a City of London firm until 1953. In that year he began studying for the priesthood at Westcott House, Cambridge. His first ecclesiastical post was a curacy at St Martin-in-the-Fields. He was vicar of Cockermouth from 1957 to 1961; Rural Dean of Cockermouth and Workington from 1960 to 1961; vicar of Cropthorne from 1961 to 1965; and a residentiary canon at Worcester Cathedral from 1965 to 1975.
He married Lady Althea Buxton, youngest daughter of Sydney Buxton, 1st Earl Buxton and his wife, Mildred Buxton, Countess Buxton.