OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Microsoft Most Valuable Professional

The Microsoft Most Valuable Professional (MVP) award is given by Microsoft to "technology experts who passionately share their knowledge with the community". They are awarded to people who "actively share their ... technical expertise with the different technology communities related directly, or indirectly to Microsoft". The MVP recognition lasts for a year and is awarded for a person's Microsoft related activity, contributions and influence over the previous year.
The MVP program grew out of the software developer community. Some of the earliest MVPs were those most active in online peer support communities, such as Usenet and CompuServe. It has since grown to include other types of products, and other avenues of contribution. Steve Ballmer spoke to a group of Microsoft MVPs about Windows XP and Windows Vista.
A posting from Tamar Granor on the Universal Thread web site gives this account of the origin of the MVP program.
   Way back in the dark ages, Microsoft provided a great deal of technical support on CompuServe. The CompuServe FoxPro forum was extremely busy and Calvin Hsia, then an independent developer, now Developer Lead on the Fox team, created what we called "Calvin's List". It was a listing of the number of postings by person, including info on both messages sent and received. Being in the top 10 on Calvin's List any month was an accomplishment, though we discussed whether it was a good thing or a bad thing."
   As the story goes, some of the Microsoft people jumped on Calvin's List as a way to identify high contributors, and thus was born the MVP program.

## Earning the Microsoft MVP Award

The rules and guidelines to getting awarded as a Microsoft MVP are not strictly defined. The reason for this is that every Microsoft MVP contributes to the community in different ways. However, the largest key indicator Microsoft looks for when considering someone for the Microsoft MVP Award is how much impact their activities over the last 12 months have on the community.

## Cancellation and reinstatement

On October 22, 1999, a Microsoft executive sent out a message announcing the cancellation of the MVP program. This may have been in response to a recent suit against AOL by its newsgroup leaders, who felt that they deserved to be paid for the time they put in online. After an outpouring of online support to the MVP program, including many emails sent directly to Bill Gates and Steve Ballmer, Microsoft announced three days later that the cancellation had been rescinded. This then led to discussions across the company about which division would own the expenses for this program. The program stayed in support, but additional investments were made - one of the original CompuServe engineers was brought in for a new position as Director of Community, reinvigorating the MVP program with a dedicated project coordinator, site resources and support engineers. The program became far more successful through these efforts, expanding its global footprint and receiving coverage with more than 100 independent press articles, eventually landing as one of Microsoft's Board of Director's 7 Big Bets for 2007.
# Law on the Referendum on Self-determination of Catalonia

The Law on the Referendum on Self-determination of Catalonia (Catalan: Llei del referèndum d'autodeterminació), is the name of a Catalan law that governs the holding of the Catalan independence referendum of 1 October 2017, a binding self-determination referendum on the independence of Catalonia.
On 6 September 2017, after more than 12 hours of heated debate, the Parliament of Catalonia passed the law with 72 votes in favor from the pro-independence ruling coalition JxSí and CUP-CC; the opposition party CSQP abstained (10 votes) and other 52 opposition parliamentarians left the chamber before the votes were cast. Even though the laws were public weeks before, the vote didn't appear on the day's agenda until the last minute to avoid the Spanish Constitutional Court banning it. Some opposition parties accused the regional body's top speaker, Carme Forcadell, of fast-tracking the law through parliament by altering the day's agenda to introduce the issue, not allowing them to appeal the law before being put up to vote. Members from JxSí acknowledged it was not their preferred method, but justified it in that it was the only way to get the bill on the floor without being blocked and that it was not "any ordinary law". In 2018, the Constitutional Court ruled that the rights of the opposition where indeed undermined.
It was suspended on 7 September by the Constitutional Court after accepting an appeal from the Spanish government.
# Åke Eliaeson

Hans Ivar Åke Eliaeson (26 May 1923 – 24 January 2015) was a Swedish tennis player.

## Tennis career

Eliaeson represented the Swedish Davis Cup team in the 1952 Europe Zone second round tie against Chile. He played the last singles rubber in Sweden's 5–0 victory.
Eliaeson played in one Grand Slam tournament, the 1950 US Open, where he lost to Sam Match. Eliaeson won two amateur tournament titles, in 1951 at the Helsinki indoor event and in 1952 in Bad Schwartau, Germany.
# Armanaz massacre

On 29 September 2017, aircraft attacked Armanaz and killed at least 35 people, including at least 3 children, according to 5 witnesses and photos and video footage analyzed by Human Rights Watch. The Syrian Observatory for Human Rights reported that the death toll included 8 children and 8 women.

## Prelude

The Syrian and Russian air forces carried out several attacks which hit civilian targets in the days prior to this one, killing 18 people in Qalaat al-Madiq on September 20 and 19 people, including at least 2 children, in Jisr al-Shughur on September 25.

## The attack

At around 8:30 pm, an aircraft dropped several munitions on a residential neighborhood close to the Al-Zahra mosque in Armanaz. At 10 pm, an aircraft returned and bombed the same location again, which forced the rescuers to abandon the scene. 30 residential buildings were destroyed in total. Video published online allegedly showed rescuers pulling children's bodies from the rubble.

## Reactions

Human Rights Watch called on belligerents in the Syrian conflict to refrain from using enhanced blast weapons like fuel-air explosives in populated areas.
# Young Fire

The Young Fire was a wildfire in the Siskiyou Wilderness in California in the United States. The fire was reported on August 7, 2017. The cause of the fire is currently unknown. As of August 28, the fire had burned 2,650 acres (11 km$^2$) and been added to the Eclipse Complex Fires. By September 1, the Young Fire entirely merged into the Oak Fire.

## Events

The Young Fire was reported on August 7 at 5:45 pm in the Siskiyou Wilderness of the Six Rivers National Forest. It was primarily in the Gasquet Ranger District, fueled by timber and brush.
By August 20, the Young Fire had burned 1,200 acres (5 km$^2$), with firefighters using a containment strategy for safety reasons, due to the remote location and difficult terrain. The fire burned around the south end of Twin Peaks and on the north end of Rocky Knob. Recreational areas were impacted at this time, with Doe Flat and Young's Valley Trailheads being closed. By the morning of August 21, the fire had expanded into the Klamath National Forest. Trailhead closures remained in place, with additional closures of the Six River Forest Boundary. The Young Fire grew to 1,950 acres (8 km$^2$) by August 23. By August 25, temporary flight restrictions were put in place due to the fire and all trails, roads and land near the fire was closed.
As of the morning of August 27, the fire had bumped into the scar from a 2015, which helped stop it from spreading. As of August 28, the fire had grown due to west winds, with an additional 50 acres expected to be burned. It spread into the Klamath National Forest and had destroyed 2,500 acres (10 km$^2$) (1,900 acres (8 km$^2$) in the Six Rivers National Forest and 600 acres (2 km$^2$) in the Klamath National Forest). A temporary flight restriction over the area was put in place. By August 29, the fire was merged into the Eclipse Complex Fires and the Oak Fire began creeping towards the Young Fire.
On September 1, the Young and Oak Fires merged.
# Erg

The erg is a unit of energy equal to 10$^{−7}$ joules (100 nJ). It is not an SI unit, instead originating from the centimetre–gram–second system of units (CGS). Its name is derived from ergon (ἔργον), a Greek word meaning 'work' or 'task'.
An erg is the amount of work done by a force of one dyne exerted for a distance of one centimetre. In the CGS base units, it is equal to one gram centimetre-squared per second-squared (g⋅cm$^2$/s$^2$). It is thus equal to 10$^{−7}$ joules or 100 nanojoules (nJ) in SI units.
* 1 erg = 10$^{−7}$ J = 100 nJ
* 1 erg = 10$^{−10}$ sn⋅m = 100 psn⋅m = 100 picosthène-metres
* 1 erg = 624.15 GeV = 6.2415×10$^{11}$ eV
* 1 erg = 1 dyn⋅cm = 1 g⋅cm$^2$/s$^2$
* 1 erg = 2.77778×10$^{−11}$ W⋅h

## History

In 1864, Rudolf Clausius proposed the Greek word ἐργον (ergon) for the unit of energy, work and heat. In 1873, a committee of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, including British physicists James Clerk Maxwell and William Thomson recommended the general adoption of the centimetre, the gramme, and the second as fundamental units (C.G.S. System of Units). To distinguish derived units, they recommended using the prefix "C.G.S. unit of ..." and requested that the word erg or ergon be strictly limited to refer to the C.G.S. unit of energy.
In 1922, chemist William Draper Harkins proposed the name micri-erg as a convenient unit to measure the surface energy of molecules in surface chemistry. It would equate to 10$^{−14}$ erg, the equivalent to 10$^{−21}$ joule.
The erg is not a part of the International System of Units (SI), which has been recommended since 1 January 1978 when the European Economic Community ratified a directive of 1971 that implemented SI as agreed by the General Conference of Weights and Measures. It is the unit of energy in Gaussian units, which are widely used in astrophysics, applications involving microscopic problems and relativistic electrodynamics, and sometimes in mechanics.
# 2017 Kalynivka ammunition depot explosion

The ammunition depot at Kalynivka, near Vinnytsia, Ukraine, underwent a series of multi-kiloton explosions that started on the evening of September 26, 2017 and continued burning until September 30. In 2021 the Prosecutor General announced that evidence confirmed sabotage.
The Kalynivka ammunition depot is one of the largest arsenals of the Ukrainian military.

## Events

According to the Defense Minister, Stepan Poltorak, about 83,000 tons of ammunitions were stored at the site, about 63,000 tons of it usable consisting primarily of tank ammunition. The explosions forced the temporary evacuation of about 24,000 or 30,000 people. Air space was closed and trains diverted. There was damage to property in the area but no fatalities were reported.
The cause of the explosions remained unclear, however, Ukraine's domestic intelligence believed the explosions to be an act of sabotage, and a presidential advisor suggested that a drone may have started it. The secretary of the Ukrainian Security and Defense Council, Oleksandr Turchynov, noted that the military arsenals have many safety violations. Prime Minister Volodymyr Groysman indicated the need for a thorough investigation and opined "This is the arsenal of the Ukrainian army, and I think it was no accident that it was destroyed."
Ukraine’s State Emergency Service reported on September 30 that "uncontrolled explosions" and the fire had been halted.
On October 2 Kalynivka's schools resumed their school year.
The Kalynivka ammunition explosion was the second major explosion in 2017 of a Ukrainian ammunition depot. The earlier one took place in March at a depot at Balakliia near Kharkiv necessitating the evacuation of about 20,000 people. The destruction at these two ammunition depots is reported to have reduced the combat capability of the Armed Forces of Ukraine.
# Diangounté Camara

Diangounté is a rural commune and small town in the Cercle of Diangounté in the Nioros Region of western Mali. The commune contains 38 villages and hamlets. In the 2022 census the commune had a population of 43,681.
# East Fork River

The East Fork River is a roughly 45-mile (72km) tributary of the New Fork River in the U.S. state of Wyoming. It flows southwest from the Wind River Range to a confluence with the New Fork south of Boulder.
42°45′3.85″N 109°19′14.68″W﻿ / ﻿42.7510694°N 109.3207444°W﻿ / 42.7510694; -109.3207444
* This article related to a river in Wyoming is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# 2006 Yeti Airlines Twin Otter crash

On 21 June 2006, when approaching Jumla Airport, Nepal, a Yeti Airlines DHC-6 Twin Otter crashed into the ground after the crew decided to abort the landing and perform a go-around for an unknown reason. Eyewitnesses said that the plane appeared to have stalled while making a tight turn on the threshold of runway 27 and ploughed into the ground in a ball of fire on the eastern edge of the runway.

## Aircraft

The aircraft involved in the crash was a de Havilland Canada DHC-6 Twin Otter operated by Yeti Airlines. Its maiden flight was in 1980 and first in service with Lesotho Airways. The aircraft was purchased by Yeti Airlines one year prior to the accident from another Nepalese carrier, Skyline Airways. It was the third incident of this aircraft operated by Yeti Airlines and was one of four Twin Otters in the airline's fleet.

## Crew and passengers

Six passengers and three crew members were on board the aircraft. All occupants on board died in the crash. The cockpit crew members were identified as Captain Krishna Malla and co-pilot Dipak Pokhrel. Pokhrel's wife, Anju Khatiwada, also died in an air crash 16 years later. She was the co-pilot of the ill-fated Yeti Airlines Flight 691 in January 2023. Her husband's death had inspired her to take up a career in aviation.
# Biyahe ng Pangarap

Biyahe ng Pangarap (lit. 'Journey of [the] Dream') is the first live album and DVD of Filipino rapper Gloc-9, originally released on November 9, 2014. The album featured songs from his previous albums MKNM: Mga Kwento Ng Makata (6 tracks), Liham at Lihim (5 tracks) and Talumpati (1 track). Also, the album has one bonus track (studio recorded) entitled Businessman with former Parokya Ni Edgar vocalist Vinci Montaner arranged by Jazz Nicholas of Itchyworms which also serves as the album's first single.
# Scaphidriotis camptopleura

Scaphidriotis camptopleura is a moth of the subfamily Arctiinae. It was described by Turner in 1940. It is found in the Australian state of Queensland.
# Akinada Bridge

The Akinada Bridge (安芸灘大橋, Akinada Ō-hashi) is a suspension bridge in Kure, Hiroshima, Japan that crosses the Seto Inland Sea. Completed in 1999, it has a main span of 750 m (2,460 ft). The first and largest bridge on the Akinada Tobishima Kaido, it was constructed by Penta-Ocean Construction, at a cost of 50 billion yen.

## Overview

The bridge was opened to traffic on 18 January 2000. The bridge is part of Hiroshima Prefecture Route 74, a route that begins in Honshu and crosses over the Seto Inland Sea via the Akinada Bridge to Shimo-kamagari Island to the south. The bridge is tolled and operated by the Hiroshima Prefecture Road Corporation. It is the longest bridge in Japan to be maintained by a prefecture. The average daily traffic volume on the bridge was 4,000 vehicles by May 2000, far exceeding the expected volume of 2,400 vehicles using it every day.
# East Boston Savings Bank

East Boston Savings Bank was a Massachusetts-chartered stock savings bank founded in 1848. The company delivered a wide range of deposit and loan products through the operation of the bank.
Rockland Trust announced it would be acquiring the bank on April 22, 2021 and completed the deal on November 12, 2021.

## History

East Boston Savings Bank was established in Maverick Square, East Boston in 1848 by some merchants and shipbuilders, as a result of the booming commerce in Boston.
In 1991, East Boston Savings Bank became a wholly owned subsidiary of Meridian Mutual Holding Company, later known as Meridian Financial Services.
By, 2006 Meridian formed another holding company called Meridian Interstate Bancorp, to which ownership of the bank was transferred.
In 2009, Meridian Interstate entered into a merger agreement with Mt. Washington Cooperative Bank of South Boston, Massachusetts. The merger was consummated in early 2010 and Mt. Washington Bank now operates under its name as a division of East Boston Savings Bank.
In July 2014, Meridian Interstate Bancorp consummated a second step stock conversion. Its top tier holding company MFS ceased to exist and a new corporation, Meridian Bancorp, Inc. was established.
In May 2020, East Boston Savings Bank has collaborated with nearby restaurants in East Boston, South Boston, Dorchester and Revere to provide over 1,300 meals.
In July 2020, East Boston Savings Bank has launched new branches in Salem and Woburn, and plans to launch the third branch of EBSB in Brookline in late summer.
In April 2021, Independent Bank Corp. and Meridian Bancorp, Inc. Sign Merger Agreement for Rockland Trust Company to Acquire East Boston Savings Bank.
# 2004 Time Warner Cable Road Runner 250

The 2004 Time Warner Cable Road Runner 250 was the third round of the 2004 Bridgestone Presents the Champ Car World Series Powered by Ford season, held on June 5, 2004, at the Milwaukee Mile in West Allis, Wisconsin. The relatively cold temperatures for the night race limited passing, allowing Ryan Hunter-Reay to lead every lap of the race from the pole.

## Qualifying results

| Pos | Name | Team | Best Lap | Time |
| 1 | Ryan Hunter-Reay | Herdez Competition | 2 | 20.509 |
| 2 | Sébastien Bourdais | Newman/Haas Racing | 2 | 20.667 |
| 3 | Patrick Carpentier | Forsythe Racing | 2 | 20.740 |
| 4 | Mario Domínguez | Herdez Competition | 2 | 20.785 |
| 5 | Paul Tracy | Forsythe Racing | 2 | 20.800 |
| 6 | Rodolfo Lavín | Forsythe Racing | 2 | 20.809 |
| 7 | Alex Tagliani | Rocketsports Racing | 2 | 20.815 |
| 8 | Jimmy Vasser | PKV Racing | 2 | 20.854 |
| 9 | Michel Jourdain Jr. | RuSPORT | 2 | 20.862 |
| 10 | Bruno Junqueira | Newman/Haas Racing | 2 | 20.867 |
| 11 | Oriol Servià | Dale Coyne Racing | 2 | 20.916 |
| 12 | Justin Wilson | Mi-Jack Conquest Racing | 2 | 21.184 |
| 13 | A. J. Allmendinger | RuSPORT | 2 | 21.352 |
| 14 | Roberto González | PKV Racing | 2 | 21.483 |
| 15 | Mario Haberfeld | Walker Racing | 2 | 21.568 |
| 16 | Gastón Mazzacane | Dale Coyne Racing | 2 | 21.907 |
| 17 | Nelson Philippe | Rocketsports Racing | 1 | 21.955 |
| 18 | Alex Sperafico | Mi-Jack Conquest Racing | 2 | 22.388 |

## Race

| Pos | No | Driver | Team | Laps | Time/Retired | Grid | Points |
| 1 | 4 | Ryan Hunter-Reay | Herdez Competition | 250 | 1:59:12.397 | 1 | 34 |
| 2 | 7 | Patrick Carpentier | Forsythe Racing | 250 | +5.865 secs | 3 | 27 |
| 3 | 9 | Michel Jourdain Jr. | RuSPORT | 250 | +11.349 secs | 9 | 25 |
| 4 | 12 | Jimmy Vasser | PKV Racing | 249 | + 1 Lap | 8 | 23 |
| 5 | 10 | A. J. Allmendinger | RuSPORT | 249 | + 1 Lap | 13 | 22 |
| 6 | 6 | Bruno Junqueira | Newman/Haas Racing | 248 | + 2 Laps | 10 | 19 |
| 7 | 11 | Oriol Servià | Dale Coyne Racing | 247 | + 3 Laps | 11 | 17 |
| 8 | 55 | Mario Domínguez | Herdez Competition | 246 | + 4 Laps | 4 | 15 |
| 9 | 3 | Rodolfo Lavín | Forsythe Racing | 245 | Contact | 6 | 13 |
| 10 | 5 | Mario Haberfeld | Walker Racing | 245 | + 5 Laps | 15 | 11 |
| 11 | 34 | Justin Wilson | Mi-Jack Conquest Racing | 244 | + 6 Laps | 12 | 10 |
| 12 | 21 | Roberto González | PKV Racing | 243 | Fire | 14 | 9 |
| 13 | 8 | Alex Tagliani | Rocketsports Racing | 243 | + 7 Laps | 7 | 8 |
| 14 | 17 | Nelson Philippe | Rocketsports Racing | 240 | + 10 Laps | 17 | 7 |
| 15 | 14 | Alex Sperafico | Mi-Jack Conquest Racing | 240 | + 10 Laps | 18 | 6 |
| 16 | 19 | Gastón Mazzacane | Dale Coyne Racing | 79 | Contact | 16 | 5 |
| 17 | 1 | Paul Tracy | Forsythe Racing | 60 | Contact | 5 | 4 |
| 18 | 2 | Sébastien Bourdais | Newman/Haas Racing | 50 | Contact | 2 | 3 |

## Caution flags

| Laps | Cause |
| 1-4 | Wilson (34) contact |
| 51-59 | Bourdais (2) contact |
| 60-63 | Tracy (1) contact |
| 83-99 | Mazzacane (19) contact |
| 188-201 | Debris |
| 216-221 | Debris |
| 249-250 | Lavín (3) contact |
# Tennō Station (Hiroshima)

Tennō Station (天応駅, Tennō-eki) is a passenger railway station located in the city of Kure, Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan. It is operated by the West Japan Railway Company (JR West).

## Lines

Tennō Station is served by the JR West Kure Line, and is located 74.3 kilometers from the terminus of the line at Mihara.

## Station layout

The station consists of one unnumbered island platform connected to the station building by a footbridge. The station is unattended.

## Platforms

| station side | ■ Y Kure Line | for Kure and Takehara |
| opposite side | ■ Y Kure Line | for Kaitaichi and Hiroshima |

## History

Tennō Station was opened on 27 December 1903. With the privatization of the Japanese National Railways (JNR) on 1 April 1987, the station came under the control of JR West.

## Passenger statistics

In fiscal 2019, the station was used by an average of 576 passengers daily.

## Surrounding area

* Kure City Hall Tenno Branch
# Yoshiura Station

Yoshiura Station (吉浦駅, Yoshiura-eki) is a passenger railway station in the city of Kure, Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan. It is operated by the West Japan Railway Company (JR West).

## Lines

Yoshiura Station is served by the JR West Kure Line, and is 71.0 kilometers from the terminus of the line at Mihara.

## Station layout

The station consists of one side platform and one island platform connected by a footbridge; however, only one side of the island platform is in use, giving the station effectively two parallel side platforms The station is unattended.

## Platforms

| 1 | ■ Y Kure Line | for Kure and Takehara |
| 2 | ■ Y Kure Line | for Kaitaichi and Hiroshima |

## History

Yoshiura Station was opened on 27 December 1903. With the privatization of the Japanese National Railways (JNR) on 1 April 1987, the station came under the control of JR West.

## Passenger statistics

In fiscal 2019, the station was used by an average of 1206 passengers daily.

## Surrounding area

* Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force Kure Refueling Depot
* Kure Municipal Yoshiura Elementary School
* Kure City Hall Yoshiura Branch Office
# Christian Persson

Gert Christian Persson (born 6 May 1957 in Önnestad) is a Swedish equestrian. He competed in two events at the 1984 Summer Olympics.
# Hōjūjidono

The Hōjūjidono (法住寺殿) was a Buddhist temple in Kyoto which was, for a time, the home of the Cloistered Emperor Go-Shirakawa.

## History

The temple was originally built and founded, as "Hōjūji", by Fujiwara Tamemitsu in 988. However, it was destroyed in 1032.
In 1158, Emperor Shirakawa II abdicated in favor of his son Prince Morihito (Emperor Nijō) and made the Hōjūjiden his home, entering cloistered rule. However, in 1183, he was informed by Minamoto no Yukiie that Minamoto no Yoshinaka intended to kidnap him, form a new government to the north, and use his possession of the cloistered emperor to justify his rule. The emperor informed the Minamoto brothers Yoshitsune and Noriyori in turn, and asked for their aid in stopping Yoshinaka. But they failed; Yoshinaka seized Kyoto in December 1183.
Then, the Siege of Hōjūjidono resulted in 1184. Yoshinaka set fire to the buildings, slaughtered many of the occupants, and seized the cloistered emperor.
The temple has since been rebuilt, and now houses Shirakawa's tomb. It is also closely related to the Sanjusangen-dō.