OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 'Aqqaba

This page is subject to the extended confirmed restriction related to the Arab-Israeli conflict.
'Aqqaba (Arabic: عقّابة) is a Palestinian town located on a slope in the Jordan Valley in the northern West Bank, 15 kilometers northeast of Jenin in the Tubas Governorate of the State of Palestine. According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics (PCBS), the town had a population of 8,239 inhabitants in the 2017 census.

## History

Pottery remains from the Persian, Hellenistic and Byzantine eras have been found here.
'Aqqaba is identified with Iqbin (Hebrew: אקבין), mentioned in the 6th-7th century Mosaic of Reḥob as a Jewish settlement in the region of Sebastia inhabited mostly by non-Jews and, therefore, agricultural produce obtained from the area could be taken by Jews without the normal restrictions imposed during the Sabbatical years, or the need for tithing.

### Ottoman era

'Aqqaba, like the rest of Palestine, was incorporated into the Ottoman Empire in 1517, and in the census of 1596, the village was located in the Nahiya of Jabal Sami of the Liwa of Nablus. The population was 22 households and 5 bachelors, all Muslim. The villagers paid a fixed tax rate of 33.3% on various agricultural products, such as wheat, barley, summer crops, olive trees, goats and/or beehives, in addition to "occasional revenues"; a total of 5,982 akçe.
In 1870 Victor Guérin found the village to have 130 inhabitants, who had a mosque in the eastern part of the village.
In 1882, the PEF's Survey of Western Palestine described it as "a good sized village on the northern slope of Ras el Akra. It is surrounded with brushwood on the hills, but has arable land below."

### British Mandate of Palestine

In the 1922 census of Palestine, conducted by the British Mandate authorities, 'Aqqaba had a population of 330; 322 Muslims and 8 Christian Orthodox, increasing in the 1931 census to 411; 9 Christians and 403 Muslims, in a total of 89 houses.
In the 1945 statistics the population was 600; 20 Christians and 580 Muslims, with 8,068 dunams of land, according to an official land and population survey. Of this, 1,259 dunams were used for plantations and irrigable land, 4,284 dunams were for cereals, while 54 dunams were built-up (urban) land.

### Jordanian era

In the wake of the 1948 Arab–Israeli War, and after the 1949 Armistice Agreements, 'Aqqaba came under Jordanian rule.
In 1961, the population had reached 1,164.

### Post 1967

Since the Six-Day War in 1967, 'Aqqaba has been held under Israeli occupation.
'Aqqaba is made up of three main families: Abu Arra, Abu Ghannam and al-Masri. During clear weather, Haifa could be seen from the west on the Mediterranean Sea as well as the summit of Jabal ash-Sheikh in Lebanon, while from the east the mountains of Ajloun in Jordan are clearly seen day and night. 'Aqqaba is the highest point in the Tubas Governorate. 'Aqqaba lies five kilometers east the Arab American University.
On 6 August 2024, four Palestinians were killed in an Israeli raid on the village.
# JT Marcinkowski

James Thomas "JT" Marcinkowski (born May 9, 1997) is an American professional soccer player who plays as a goalkeeper for Major League Soccer club LA Galaxy.

## Career
### College and amateur

Marcinkowski played for the Georgetown Hoyas for three seasons, from 2015 to 2017, where he achieved a 0.84 goals against average (GAA) over 56 appearances. In his final season at Georgetown, he captained the team to a 2017 Big East Conference Men's Soccer Tournament championship win, his second with the team. He also played two games for the USL PDL side Burlingame Dragons.

### Professional

Marcinkowski signed a Homegrown Player contract with the MLS side San Jose Earthquakes on December 6, 2017, after spending four years prior to his college career with the team's academy. He was San Jose's third ever Homegrown signing to the first team, after Tommy Thompson and Nick Lima. Marcinkowski was then temporarily loaned to San Jose's USL affiliate Reno 1868 FC, and played his first game for the team in Reno's 3–4 loss to Swope Park Rangers on March 17, 2018.
On January 16, 2025, Marcinkowski signed a two-year deal with LA Galaxy as a free agent.

### International

Born in the United States, Marcinkowski is of Polish descent. He has played for the United States' men's national team at multiple levels, earning 24 caps between the U14 and U18 levels. In 2017, he played for the U20 squad, at the 2017 CONCACAF U-20 Championship and the 2017 FIFA U-20 World Cup. Marcinkowski was named to the final 20-player United States under-23 roster for the 2020 CONCACAF Men's Olympic Qualifying Championship in March 2021.

## Career statistics
### Club

    As of May 20, 2023
Appearances and goals by club, season and competition :
| Club | Season | League | League | League | National cup | National cup | Continental | Continental | Other | Other | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Burlingame Dragons | 2016 | PDL | 2 | 0 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 2 | 0 |
| San Jose Earthquakes | 2018 | MLS | 5 | 0 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 5 | 0 |
| San Jose Earthquakes | 2019 | MLS | 0 | 0 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 0 | 0 |
| San Jose Earthquakes | 2020 | MLS | 11 | 0 | — | — | — | — | 1 | 0 | 12 | 0 |
| San Jose Earthquakes | 2021 | MLS | 33 | 0 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 33 | 0 |
| San Jose Earthquakes | 2022 | MLS | 33 | 0 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 33 | 0 |
| San Jose Earthquakes | 2023 | MLS | 11 | 0 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 11 | 0 |
| San Jose Earthquakes | Total | Total | 93 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 94 | 0 |
| Reno 1868 (loan) | 2018 | USL | 24 | 0 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 24 | 0 |
| Reno 1868 (loan) | 2019 | USL | 16 | 0 | 1 | 0 | — | — | — | — | 17 | 0 |
| Reno 1868 (loan) | 2020 | USL | 1 | 0 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | 0 |
| Reno 1868 (loan) | Total | Total | 41 | 0 | 1 | 0 | — | — | — | — | 42 | 0 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 136 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 138 | 0 |
* ↑ Appearance in MLS Cup Playoffs

## Honors

United States U20
* CONCACAF Under-20 Championship: 2017
# Eşelek, Gökçeada

Eşelek is a village in the Gökçeada District of Çanakkale Province in Turkey. Its population is 176 (2021).
# Vermilion Provincial Park

Vermilion Provincial Park is a provincial park located in east-central Alberta, Canada, in the County of Vermilion River. It is located on the outskirts of the town of Vermilion, which is at the junction of Highways 16 (Yellowhead) and 41 (Buffalo Trail), between Edmonton and Lloydminster.

## History

The park was first constructed in the early 1950s, and opened to the public on May 29, 1953. Vermilion Provincial Park was the 7th park integrated into the Alberta Parks system. One of the key features of the park is that the Vermilion River was dammed to create an artificial lake (the 6.3 km long Vermilion Park Lake).

## Nature

The environmental setting includes aspen parkland and prairie grassland biomes, with wildlife such as white-tailed deer, red fox, Franklin's ground squirrels, porcupines, ruffed grouse, harriers, red-tailed hawks, short-eared owls, Canada geese, great blue herons, American bitterns, common ducks, mink, muskrats, beavers, coyotes, Sprague's pipits and savannah and vesper sparrows.
The Vermilion River fish population consists of northern pike, fathead minnow, lake chub, brook stickleback (Culaea inconstans), longnose dace and white sucker.

## Activities

The park is open year-round, but is only staffed during the summer (from May 15 to September 23).
There are a number of trails for cross-country skiing in winter and horseback riding during summer. The park also has 14.9 km of maintained hiking and biking trails as well as 5 km of paved paths that can be used for rollerblading. Named trails in the park include Wild Rose Trail, Cathedral Loop, Fescue Trail, and Lakeside Trail.
Fishing is also allowed in the Vermilion River Reservoir, with a designated pond for trout fishing which is stocked every year by the Alberta Conservation Association. Water based activities include canoeing, kayaking and sailing.
A year-round campground with all amenities is located in the park, as well as three group camping sites. A back country camping area is also available for rental. Several additional day use areas (including the CN station and one featuring a baseball diamond) are found in the park. A golf course is found in Vermilion, and a mini golf course is within the park limits.
The old CNR station has been relocated to the park, as well an old CNR caboose which is on display near the station.

## Trivia

Beckie Scott, a cross country skier who won medals at both the 2002 and 2006 Winter Olympic Games, skied on these trails in her early years.
# Madalin, Greater Poland Voivodeship

Madalin is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Lisków, within Kalisz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. It lies approximately 6 kilometres (4 mi) north of Lisków, 28 km (17 mi) north-east of Kalisz, and 118 km (73 mi) south-east of the regional capital Poznań.
# Steve Heiden

Steve Allen Heiden (born September 21, 1976) is an American football coach and former player who currently serves as the offensive line coach for the New York Jets of the National Football League (NFL).

## Playing career
### College

Heiden played college football for South Dakota State University and totaled 112 receptions for 1,499 yards (13.4 avg.) and 8 touchdowns. He majored in early childhood education at South Dakota State University.

### National Football League
#### San Diego Chargers

Heiden was selected by the San Diego Chargers in the third round (69th overall) in the 1999 NFL draft. In his rookie year, he made 11 appearances for the Chargers and made his NFL debut versus the Seattle Seahawks on October 17.
In his second season with the Chargers, he made 15 appearances with three starts. He also caught his first NFL touchdown in a game versus the Carolina Panthers on December 17.
For the first time in his professional career, Heiden appeared in all 16 regular season and made ten starts.

#### Cleveland Browns

On August 31, 2002, San Diego traded Heiden to the Cleveland Browns. He again appeared in all 16 regular season games and made his Browns debut versus the Kansas City Chiefs on September 8.
In 2003, despite missing the final seven league games because of an ankle injury, Heiden had a career-high season with 18 receptions for 134 yards.
2004 was an excellent season for Heiden with 28 receptions for 287 yards and five touchdowns. His three touchdowns in the game at the Cincinnati Bengals on November 28 were a career-high.
The following season in 2005 was equally as productive for Heiden, who surpassed his previous seasons catch and yardage totals. He made 43 receptions for 401 yards and three touchdowns.
In 2006, he made 16 appearances with six starts. His numbers for the season were good with 36 receptions for 244 yards and two touchdowns. On April 14, 2007, Heiden was signed to a four-year contract extension by the Browns. On November 18, 2009, the Browns placed Heiden on injured reserve with an ankle injury after the Monday Night Football game.
Besides kicker Phil Dawson, Heiden had played for the Browns longer than any other player on the team.
On March 12, 2010, Heiden was released by the Browns. In June 2011 he retired due to neck spurs. He did not want to retire, but felt his life was at risk.

## Coaching career
### Arizona Cardinals

On February 5, 2013, Heiden was hired by the Arizona Cardinals as their assistant special teams and assistant tight ends coach. In 2018, he was named assistant offensive line coach. In 2019 he became the teams tight ends coach and served in that position until the end of the 2022 season.

### Detroit Lions

On February 2, 2023, Heiden was hired by the Detroit Lions as their tight ends coach.

### New York Jets

On January 29, 2025, Heiden was hired by the New York Jets to serve as their offensive line coach.
# Louis Phélypeaux, comte de Saint-Florentin

Louis Phélypeaux (French pronunciation:; 18 August 1705 – 27 February 1777) Count of Saint-Florentin, Marquis (1725) and Duke of La Vrillière (1770), was a French politician.

## Biography

Son of Louis Phélypeaux, Marquis de La Vrillière, and Françoise de Mailly-Nesle (1688–1742), he succeeded his father as Secretary of State for Protestant Affairs, with responsibility for Huguenots. Appointed minister for the Department of the Maison du Roi by Louis XV in 1749, he held the post until 1775, setting a record for ministerial service. He was named to the Order of the Holy Spirit, where he served as chancellor. After the dismissal of Choiseul in December 1770, he served as Foreign Minister until June 1771. His use of lettres de cachet in the La Chalotais case was controversial and he resigned his ministerial posts in 1775.
In 1724 he married Amélie Ernestine de Platen (d. 1752). He had Chalgrin design the Hôtel de Saint-Florentin. This later passed to Talleyrand and to James Mayer de Rothschild, and is now part of the American Embassy, Paris.
# Canillejas (Madrid Metro)

Canillejas is a station on Line 5 of the Madrid Metro, located in the barrio Canillejas. It is located in fare Zone A.
Canillejas serves an interurban bus station for buses towards Alcalá de Henares, Torrejón de Ardoz and Guadalajara, Castile-La Mancha. It also used to be the terminus of Line 5 from 1980 until 2006, when the extension towards Alameda de Osuna was opened.
# Ammonicera sleursi

Ammonicera sleursi is a species of minute sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Omalogyridae.

## Description

The major diameter of the shell is 0.70 mm and minor diameter 0.60 mm.

## Distribution

This species occurs off the coast of California, USA and the west coast of Mexico.
# Majdany, Konin County

Majdany (Polish pronunciation:) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Wierzbinek, within Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland.
# Hyman Goldstein (politician)

Hyman Goldstein (1876 – 3 September 1928) was an Australian politician. He was a Nationalist member of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly, representing Eastern Suburbs from 1922 until 1925, and Coogee from 1927 to his death in 1928. Federal Nationalist MP Thomas Ley, an enemy of Goldstein's who was later convicted of murder in England, is often held responsible for his death.

## Background

Goldstein was born in London, to tailor Solomon Goldstein and his wife Hannah, formerly Cohen. Arriving in Australia in 1888, he was educated at Crown Street Public School, before becoming a businessman. He married Olive Hopkins, with whom he had two sons, in 1903.

## Political Career

Goldstein served as the 32nd Mayor of Randwick from 1918 to 1919.
In 1922, he was elected as one of the five members for Eastern Suburbs in the New South Wales Legislative Assembly, but he was defeated at the state election three years later. He returned to Parliament as the member for Coogee after the end of proportional representation in 1927.

## Death

Goldstein was a shareholder in the Prickly Pear Company, which had been organised by former New South Wales Justice Minister and federal MP Thomas Ley. The company's failure had been preceded by Ley selling all of his shares. Goldstein, one of many shareholders who had lost their investments when the company collapsed, began a campaign against Ley but was subsequently found dead after a fall from the Coogee cliffs. Although it was ruled a case of accidental death, there are grounds for believing that he had been killed at Ley's behest; by this time Ley was already suspected of having done away with his federal predecessor Frederick McDonald (who disappeared in 1926) and with Keith Greedor, a business associate who had drowned in 1928 after having launched an investigation into Ley's business practices. The Goldstein Reserve at Coogee Beach is named after him.
# At-Tira (Ramallah)

This page is subject to the extended confirmed restriction related to the Arab-Israeli conflict.
At-Tira (Arabic: الطيرة) is a Palestinian village in the Ramallah and al-Bireh Governorate in the northern West Bank.

## Location

At Tira is located 8.3 kilometers (5.2 mi) southwest of Ramallah. It is bordered by Beituniya to the east and north, Beit 'Ur al Fauqa to the north and west, Beit ‘Anan to the west, and Beit Duqqu to the south.

## History
### Ottoman period
#### Establishment

At-Tira was not mentioned in the 16th century. It was settled later by migrants from Dura. Residents of At-Tira, along with residents in nearby villages in the Ramallah Governorate such as Beit 'Anan, Beit Ur al-Fauqa, and Dura al-Qar', trace their ancestry to the town of Dura, southwest of Hebron.

#### 19th century

In 1838, in the Ottoman era, it was noted as a Muslim village, located in the Beni Malik district, west of Jerusalem.
In 1883, the PEF's Survey of Western Palestine (SWP) described Tireh as: "A small hamlet on a ridge, with a large sacred tree to the north-east (Sheikh Hasan), and a spring ('Ain Jufna) in the valley to the south-west."
By the beginning of the 20th century, residents from Tira settled al-Kunayyisa near al-Ramla, establishing it as a dependency – or satellite village – of their home village.

### British Mandate

In the 1922 census of Palestine, conducted by the British Mandate authorities, Al Tireh had a population of 257 Muslims, increasing slightly in the 1931 census to 265 Muslims, in 71 houses in Et Tira.
In the 1945 statistics, the population of Et Tira was 330 Muslims, while the total land area was 3,968 dunams, according to an official land and population survey. Of this, 193 dunums were used for plantations and irrigable land, 1,974 for cereals, while 23 dunams were classified as built-up areas.

### Jordanian rule

In the wake of the 1948 Arab–Israeli War, and after the 1949 Armistice Agreements, At-Tira came under Jordanian rule.
The Jordanian census of 1961 found 534 inhabitants in Tira.

### 1967–present

Since the Six-Day War in 1967, At-Tira came under Israeli occupation.
After the 1995 accords, 10.4% of village land was classified as Area B, while the remaining 89.6% was classified as Area C. Israel has confiscated a total of 67 dunams of land from the village to construct the Israeli settlement of Beit Horon.
At-Tira, along with 9 other Palestinian villages, Beit Duqqu, Beit 'Anan, Beit Surik, Qatanna, al-Qubeiba, Beit Ijza, Kharayib Umm al Lahimand and Biddu form the "Biddu enclave" which, according to Tanya Reinhart, are imprisoned behind a wall, cut off from their orchards and farmlands that are being seized to form the real estate reserves of the Jerusalem Corridor and to create a territorial continuity with Giv'at Ze'ev. The enclave will be linked to Ramallah by underpasses and a road that is fenced on both sides. From the "Biddu enclave" Palestinians will travel along a fenced road that passes under a bypass road to Bir Nabala enclave, then on a second underpass under Bypass Road 443 to Ramallah.
# OBM

OBM may refer to:
* Of Blessed Memory, an honorific used in Judaism when naming and speaking of the deceased.
* Old Brewery Mission, a homeless shelter located in Montreal.
* Organizational Behavior Management, applying the study of behavior to organizations to promote worker safety and other benefits
* Original brand manufacturer, a company that sells a product made in whole or in part by a second company as its own branded product
* Outboard motor, a propulsion system for boats
* OBM, in steelmaking "Oxygen Blowing Machine", (also Oxygen-Bottom-Maxhütte, Oxygen-Bodenblas-Metallurgie German), a process in Steelmaking
* Oliver Batista Meier, a German professional footballer
* Olimpíada Brasileira de Matemática, an annual mathematics competition for Brazilian students.
# Palacio de las Garzas

The Palacio de las Garzas (Herons' Palace) is the governmental office and residence of the President of Panama. It receives its name because of herons roaming freely in the courtyard. The herons were first brought to the building in 1922, by the former president Belisario Porras Barahona, at the suggestion of friend and famed Panamanian poet Ricardo Miró.

## History

The building is located in Casco Viejo, the old quarter of Panama City, which was built after the first settlement was destroyed just prior and during the sacking by pirate Henry Morgan. It was built in 1673 and has undergone many changes through the years. Initially, it was used as a home for the Spanish governor, as a royal winery, as a warehouse, and as both customs and National Bank's headquarters.
The new presidential house replaced the old customs offices on January 19, 1885. The remodeling works included the addition of a new room for official events in the upper level, along with other rooms to be used by the president and his family members. A Colombian artist, Epifanio Garay, was in charge of painting the portraits of all presidents since 1855.
The current Palacio de las Garzas was officially inaugurated on August 3, 1923. However, it was not until 1938 that it was acquired totally when the National Bank moved to its new headquarters located at Central Avenue. This transaction was in process since 1936 through an exchange with the Panamanian State.
Extensive renovations to the building were done around 1922, under the supervision of architect Leonardo Villanueva-Meyer. Works included the Andalusian courtyard, the addition of a third floor and two towers.
An elevator was added in 1934 for a State visit by US President Franklin D. Roosevelt so that he could access the chambers where he was to stay.
The building has served as the main office and official residence for all Panamanian presidents though some of them, such as Laurentino Cortizo, the current president, Juan Carlos Varela, Ricardo Martinelli, Martín Torrijos, Mireya Moscoso, Ernesto Pérez Balladares, have chosen to keep their residences elsewhere in the city and commute to the palace.

## Rooms

The Salón Amarillo (Yellow Room) is the most important room, where most formal events are held. The Salón de los Tamarindos (Tamarind's Room) is the presidential dining room and receives its name from its murals, where the Panamanian painter Roberto Lewis inspired his ideas on Taboga Island and its famous tamarind trees. This work was asked in 1938 by Juan Demóstenes Arosemena, the president of that period. The Salón Morisco (Moorish Room) was added during the 1922 renovations by Villanueva-Meyer.
8°57′14″N 79°32′04″W﻿ / ﻿8.953966°N 79.534364°W﻿ / 8.953966; -79.534364
# Víctor Muñoz (footballer, born 2003)

Víctor Muñoz Villanueva (born 13 July 2003) is a Spanish footballer who plays as a winger or forward for Real Madrid B.

## Career

Muñoz joined the youth academy of La Liga side Barcelona at the age of fourteen, where he played alongside Netherlands international Xavi Simons, Spain international Alejandro Balde and Spain international Fermín López. In 2017, he joined the youth academy of Damm.
Four years later, he joined the youth academy of La Liga side Real Madrid, where he played in the UEFA Youth League. Subsequently, he was promoted to the club's reserve team in 2023. During the 2024–25 season, he was regarded to have established himself as a starter for them.

## Style of play

Muñoz plays as a winger or as a forward. American news website The Sporting News wrote in 2024 that "his speed is what makes him stand out the most and made him recently known as the fastest player in the Real Madrid squad".
# 1984 Liberian constitutional referendum

A referendum on a new constitution was held in Liberia on 3 July 1984. It was approved by 99% of voters, with a turnout of 82%. The new constitution came into force on 6 January 1986, following the 1985 general elections.

## Results

| Choice | Choice | Votes | % |
| For | For | 540,113 | 98.58 |
| Against | Against | 7,771 | 1.42 |
| Total | Total | 547,884 | 100.00 |
| Valid votes | Valid votes | 547,884 | 96.65 |
| Invalid/blank votes | Invalid/blank votes | 19,007 | 3.35 |
| Total votes | Total votes | 566,891 | 100.00 |
| Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | 689,929 | 82.17 |
| Source: Nohlen et al. ||||