# List of large Holocene volcanic eruptions

This is a list of volcanoes that have had large explosive eruptions during the Holocene (since about 11,650 years Before Present), with a volcanic explosivity index (VEI) of 5 or higher, or a plume height of at least 30 km. To date, there have been no eruptions with a confirmed VEI of 8 in the Holocene; and only a few VEI-7 eruptions are thought to have occurred during this time: the most recent was the 1815 eruption of Mount Tambora. This is not a complete list.

## Common Era (CE)

| VEI | Volcano/complex | Volcanic arc/belt, subregion, or hotspot | Material volume (km$^3$) | Material volume (km$^3$) | Date | Tephra or eruption name |
| VEI | Volcano/complex | Volcanic arc/belt, subregion, or hotspot | Bulk | DRE | Date | Tephra or eruption name |
| 5-6 | Hunga Tonga–Hunga Haʻapai | Tonga-Kermadec Islands volcanic arc | 10 6–14 | 7.1 7.1 | January 15, 2022 | 2022 Hunga Tonga–Hunga Haʻapai eruption and tsunami |
| 5 | Puyehue-Cordón Caulle | Andean Volcanic Belt | 0.76 0.76–1.26 | Un­known | June 4, 2011 | 2011–2012 Puyehue-Cordón Caulle eruption |
| 5 | Mount Hudson | Andean Volcanic Belt | 4.3 4.3–7.6 | 1.6 1.6–2.7 | August 8, 1991 | |
| 6 | Mount Pinatubo | Luzon Volcanic Arc | 10 10 | 4.8 4.8–6.0 | June 15, 1991 | 1991 eruption of Mount Pinatubo |
| 5 | El Chichón | Chiapanecan Volcanic Arc | 2.2 2.2 | 1.1 1.1 | April 4, 1982 | Tephra unit A |
| 5 | Mount St. Helens | Cascade Volcanic Arc | 1.1 1.1 | 0.5 0.5 | May 18, 1980 | 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens |
| 5 | Mount Agung | Sunda Arc, Bali | 1.0 1 | Un­known | March 17, 1963 | |
| 5 | Bezymianny | Kamchatka | 1.9 1.9 | Un­known | March 30, 1956 | |
| 5 | Kharimkotan | Kuril Islands | 1 1 | Un­known | 1933 | |
| 5 | Quizapú | Andean Volcanic Belt | 9.5 9.5 | 7 7–10 | 1932 April 10–21, 1932 | |
| 5 | Submarine volcano NNE of Iriomote Island | Japan | 1 1 | Un­known | 1924-10-31 | |
| 6 | Novarupta | SW Alaska, Aleutian Arc | 26 26–30 | 13 13–14 | June 6, 1912 | |
| 5 | Ksudach | Kamchatka | 1.75 | Un­known | 1907-03-28 | |
| 6 | Santa María | Central America Volcanic Arc, Guatemala | 10.7 10.7–11.4 | 6.4 6.4 | October 24, 1902 | 1902 eruption of Santa María |
| 5 | Mount Tarawera | Taupō Volcanic Zone | 2.0 2 | Un­known | 1886 June 10–15, 1886 | 1886 eruption of Mount Tarawera |
| 6 | Krakatoa | Sunda Arc | 18 18–25 | 9.0 9.0 | August 26, 1883 | 1883 eruption of Krakatoa |
| 5 | Askja | Iceland | 1.8 1.83 | Un­known | March 28, 1875 | |
| 5 | Shiveluch | Kamchatka | 2.0 2 | Un­known | February 18, 1854 | |
| 5 | Mount Agung | Sunda Arc, Bali | 1 | Un­known | 1843 | |
| 5 | Cosigüina | Central America Volcanic Arc, Nicaragua | 4.3 4.25 | Un­known | January 20, 1835 | |
| 5-6 | Zavaritski Caldera | Kuril Islands | Un­known | Un­known | 1831 |
| 5 | Mount Galunggung | Sunda Arc, Java | 2.0 2 | Un­known | October 8, 1822 | |
| 7 | Mount Tambora | Sunda Arc, Sumbawa | 144 144–213 | 37 37–50 | April 10, 1815 | 1815 eruption of Mount Tambora |
| 6? | Between Indonesia and Tonga | Un­known | Un­known | Un­known | 1808 c.1808 | Undocumented 1808 eruption |
| 5 | Mount St. Helens | Cascade Volcanic Arc | 1.5 1.5 | Un­known | 1800 c.1800 | T (Goat Rocks) |
| 5 | Katla | Iceland | 1 | Un­known | 1755-10-17 | |
| 5 | Mount Tarumae | Hokkaidō | 4 | Un­known | 1739-08-18 | Ta-a |
| 5 | Katla | Iceland | 1 | Un­known | 1721-05-11 | |
| 5 | Mount Fuji | Honshū | 1.7 1.7 | Un­known | 1707 December 16, 1707 | Hōei eruption of Mount Fuji |
| 5 | Tangkoko | Sangihe Volcanic Arc | 1 | Un­known | 1680 | |
| 5 | Mount Gamkonora | Halmahera Volcanic Arc | 1 | Un­known | 1673-05-20 | |
| 5 | Mount Tarumae | Hokkaidō | 2.8 | Un­known | 1667-09-24 | Ta-b |
| 5 | Mount Usu | Hokkaidō | 2.78 | Un­known | 1663-08-16 | |
| 6 | Long Island, PNG | Bismarck Volcanic Arc | 21 21 | 12 12 | 1660 c.1660 | Tibito tephra |
| 5 | Shiveluch | Kamchatka | ≥ 2 | Un­known | 1652 CE ±11 | SH1 |
| 5 | Mount Melibengoy | Mindanao, Philippines | 1.0 1 | Un­known | 1640 December 26, 1640 | |
| 5 | Komagatake | Hokkaidō | 2.9 | Un­known | 1640-07-31 | Ko-d |
| 5 | Mount Vesuvius | Campanian volcanic arc | 1.1 | Un­known | 1631-12-16 | |
| 5 | Furnas | São Miguel Island, Azores | 2.1 | Un­known | 1630-09-03 | |
| 5 | Katla | Iceland | 1 | Un­known | 1625-09-02 | |
| 6 | Huaynaputina | Andes, Central Volcanic Zone | 34 34–35 | 12 12.2 | 1600 February 19, 1600 | |
| 5 | Raung | Sunda Arc, Java | 1 | Un­known | 1593 CE | |
| 5 | Kelud | Sunda Arc, Java | 1.0 1 | Un­known | 1586 c.1586 | |
| 6 | Billy Mitchell | Bougainville & Solomon Is. | 13.5 13.5 | Un­known | 1580 c.1580 | BM2 |
| 5 | Água de Pau | São Miguel Island, Azores | 1.3 | Un­known | 1563-06-28 / 1563-07-26 | |
| 5 | Mount St. Helens | Cascade Volcanic Arc | 1.5 1.5 | Un­known | 1482 c.1482 | We (Kalama) |
| 5 | Mount St. Helens | Cascade Volcanic Arc | 7.7 7.7 | Un­known | 1480 c.1480 | Wn (Kalama) |
| 6 | Bárðarbunga | Iceland | 10 10 | Un­known | 1477 c.1477 | Veidivatnahraun |
| 7? | Un­known | Un­known | Un­known | Un­known | 1458 c.1458 | Undocumented 1458 eruption |
| ? | Un­known | Un­known | Un­known | Un­known | 1452/1453 | Undocumented 1452/1453 eruption |
| 6 | Öræfajökull | Iceland | 10 10 | Un­known | 1362 June 5, 1362 | |
| 6 | Quilotoa | Andes, Northern Volcanic Zone | 21 21 | Un­known | 1280 c.1280 | |
| 5 | Katla | Iceland | 1 | | 1262 CE | |
| 7 | Mount Samalas | Lombok Island | 81 81–92 | 33 33–40 | 1257 c.1257 | 1257 Samalas eruption |
| 5 | Mount Asama | Honshū | 1.3 1.3 | Un­known | 1108 August 29, 1108 | Tennin eruption (1108) |
| 5 | Hekla | Iceland | 1.2 1.2 | Un­known | 1104 c.1104 | H1 tephra |
| 5 | Shiveluch | Kamchatka | ≥ 2 | | 1034 CE ±11 | SH2 |
| 5 | Billy Mitchell | Bougainville & Solomon Is. | 7 | | 1030 CE | BM1 |
| 6 | Baekdu Mountain | Balhae (China – North Korea border) | 40 40–98 | 10 10–64 | 0946 c.946 | Millennium eruption Baegdusan-Tomakomai Tephra |
| 5 | Towada | Honshū | 6.5 6.54 | Un­known | 0915 c.915 | Eruption episode A |
| 6 | Mount Churchill | eastern Alaska | 50 | | 847 CE ±1 | WRAe |
| 6 | Rabaul | Bismarck Volcanic Arc | 24 24 | Un­known | 0683 c.683 | Rabaul Pyroclastics |
| 6 | Dakataua | Bismarck Volcanic Arc | 10 | | 653 CE ±18 | Dk |
| 5 | Shiveluch | Kamchatka | ≥ 2 | | 650 CE ±40 | SH3 |
| 5 | Shiveluch | Kamchatka | ≥ 2 | | 600 CE | |
| 5 | Mount Haruna | Honshū | 1.6 | | 550 CE ±10 | Futatsudake-Ikaho eruption |
| 6-7 | Unknown source | Unknown | Un­known | Un­known | 0536 c.536 | Volcanic winter of 536 |
| 5 | Mount Vesuvius | Campanian volcanic arc | 1.2 1.2 | Un­known | 0472 c.472 | Pollena |
| 6 | Lake Ilopango | Central America Volcanic Arc, El Salvador | 37 37–82 | 44 44–95 | 0430 c.430 | Tierra Blanca Joven eruption |
| 5 | Akutan | Aleutian Arc | 1 | | 340 | Akutan tephra |
| 7 | Taupō Volcano | Taupō Volcanic Zone | 110 110 | Un­known | 0232 c.232 | Hatepe eruption |
| 5 | Masaya | Central America Volcanic Arc, Nicaragua | 6.6 | | 150 | Masaya Tuff |
| 5 | Mount Vesuvius | Campanian volcanic arc | 3.2 3.25 | Un­known | 0079 c.79 | Eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79 |
| 6 | Ambrym | Vanuatu | 70 70 | Un­known | 0050 c.50 | Ambrym Pyroclastic Series |

## Before Common Era (BCE)

| VEI | Volcano/complex | Volcanic arc/belt, subregion, or hotspot | Material volume (km$^3$) | Material volume (km$^3$) | Date | Age (ka) | Tephra or eruption name |
| VEI | Volcano/complex | Volcanic arc/belt, subregion, or hotspot | Bulk | DRE | Date | Age (ka) | Tephra or eruption name |
| 6 | Okmok Caldera | Umnak, Aleutian Arc | 25 25+ | 15 15+ | -0043 43 BCE | 2 | Okmok II |
| 5 | Etna | Campanian volcanic arc | 1.0 1 | Un­known | -0122 122 BCE | 2.1 | S flank, summit (Cratere del Piano caldera) |
| 6 | Raoul Island | Kermadec Islands | 28.8 28.8 | Un­known | -0250 250 BCE | 2.2 | Fleetwood |
| 5 | Mount St. Helens | Cascade Volcanic Arc | 1.2 1.2 | Un­known | -0530 530 BCE | 2.5 | Ps/Pu (Pine Creek) |
| 5 | Mount Tarumae | Hokkaidō | 3.3 | | 550 BCE | | Ta-c |
| 5 | Shiveluch | Kamchatka | 1 | | 780 BCE | | SH5 |
| 5 | Mount Fuji | Honshū | 1 | | 930 BCE | | Upper SE flank, Tephra layer Zu |
| 5 | Shiveluch | Kamchatka | > 1 | | 950 BCE | | |
| 6 | Mount Pinatubo | Luzon Volcanic Arc | 12.5 12.5 | Un­known | -1050 1050 BCE | 3 | Maraunot eruptive period |
| 5 | Hekla | Iceland | 7.5 | | 1100 BCE ±50 | | H3 tephra |
| 5 | Mount Tarawera | Taupō Volcanic Zone | 8 | | 1310 BCE ±12 | | Kaharoa eruption |
| 5 | Mount Fuji | Honshū | 1 | | 1350 BCE | | Tephra layer Os |
| 5 | Avachinsky | Kamchatka | 1.75 1.75 | Un­known | -1350 1350 BCE | 3.3 | Tephra layer IIAV3 |
| 6 | Taupō Volcano | Taupō Volcanic Zone | 17 17 | Un­known | -1460 1460 BCE | 3.4 | Waimihia eruption |
| 5 | Avachinsky | Kamchatka | 3.6 ≥ 3.6 | Un­known | -1500 1500 BCE | 3.5 | Tephra layer AV1 |
| 5 | Hayes Volcano | SW Alaska, Aleutian Arc | 8.1 | | 1550 BCE | | Hayes Tephra set H |
| 6 | Youngest Caldera, Santorini | South Aegean Volcanic Arc | 34.5 34.5 | | -1610 1610 BCE | 3.6 | Minoan eruption |
| 6 | Mount St. Helens | Cascade Volcanic Arc | 15.3 15.3 | Un­known | -1860 1860 BCE | 3.8 | Yn (Smith Creek) |
| 6 | Mount Hudson | Andes, Southern Volcanic Zone | 12 12 | Un­known | -1890 1890 BCE | 3.8 | |
| 5 | Mount Dana | SW Alaska, Aleutian Arc | 1 | | 1890 BCE | | 1890 BCE eruption |
| 5 | Shiveluch | Kamchatka | > 1 | | 2000 BCE | | SHsp |
| 6-7 | Deception Island | South Shetland Islands | Un­known | 30 30-60 | -1960 1960 BCE | 4 | Outer Coast Tuff |
| 6 | Long Island, PNG | Bismarck Volcanic Arc | 10 > 10 | Un­known | -2040 2040 BCE | 4 | biliau beds |
| 5 | Rungwe | Great Rift Valley, Tanzania | 2.2 | | 2050 BCE | | Rungwe pumice |
| 5 | Nishiyama, Hachijō-jima | Izu–Bonin–Mariana Arc | 1.2 | | 2050 BCE | | Mitsune-7 scoria |
| 5 | Shiveluch | Kamchatka | > 1 | | 2100 BCE | | SHsp |
| 7 | Paektu Mountain | Balhae (China – North Korea border) | Un­known | Un­known | -2264 2264 BCE? | 4.2–5.1 | Tianwenfeng eruption |
| 7 | Cerro Blanco (Argentina) | Andes, Central Volcanic Zone | 172 172 | 8 8–83 | -2300 2300 BCE | 4.3 | |
| 5 | Hekla | Iceland | 5.6 | | 2310 BCE ±20 | | H4 tephra |
| 5 | Mount St. Helens | Cascade Volcanic Arc | 1.2 1.2 | Un­known | -2340 2340 BCE | 4.3 | Yb (Smith Creek) |
| 5 | Piton de la Fournaise | Réunion | 1.8 | | 2700 BCE | | Bellecombe Ash Member |
| 5 | Ilyinsky | Kamchatka | 1.3 | | 2850 BCE | | ZLT-tephra; IL-tephra |
| 5 | Água de Pau | São Miguel Island, Azores | 5.4 | | 2990 BCE | | Fogo A |
| 5 | Lake Numazawa | Honshū | 4.71 | | 3400 BCE | | |
| 5 | Shiveluch | Kamchatka | ≥ 2 | | 3500 BCE | | |
| 6 | Mount Pinatubo | Luzon Volcanic Arc | 12 12? | Un­known | -3550 3550 BCE | 5.5 | Crow Valley eruptive period |
| 7 | Taal Volcano | Luzon Volcanic Arc | 150 150> | 90 90 | -3580 3580 BCE | 5.5 | Taal scoria pyroclastic flow |
| 5 | Shiveluch | Kamchatka | ≥ 2 | | 3650 BCE | | |
| 5 | Kaguyak | SW Alaska, Aleutian Arc | 3.9 | | 3850 BCE | | Caldera formation |
| 6 | Masaya Volcano | Central America Volcanic Arc, Nicaragua | 14.8 14.8 | Un­known | -4050 4050 BCE | 6 | |
| 5 | Towada | Honshū | 9.18 | | 4150 BCE | | eruption episode C |
| 5 | Apoyeque | Central America Volcanic Arc, Nicaragua | 1.9 | | 4160 BCE ±30 | | Laguna Xiloá |
| 5 | Avachinsky | Kamchatka | 4.0 ≥ 4 | Un­known | -4340 4340 BCE | 6.3 | Tephra layer IAv12; AV4 |
| 6-7 | Macauley Island | Kermadec Islands | 100 ⩽ 100 | Un­known | -4360 4360 BCE | 6.3 | |
| 5 | Shiveluch | Kamchatka | ≥ 2 | | 4400 BCE | | |
| 5 | Komagatake | Hokkaidō | 3 | | 4600 BCE ±50 | | Ko-g |
| 5 | Nishiyama, Hachijō-jima | Izu–Bonin–Mariana Arc | 1.2 | | 4650 BCE | | Mitsune-5 scoria |
| 6 | Mount Hudson | Andes, Southern Volcanic Zone | 18 18 | Un­known | -4750 4750 BCE | 6.7 | |
| 5 | Ksudach | Kamchatka | 7.5 | | 4900 BCE | | KS2 |
| 5 | Tavui | Bismarck Volcanic Arc | 5.75 | | 4946 BCE ±40 | | Raluan Pyroclastics |
| 5 | Hekla | Iceland | 1.7 | | 5150 BCE | | H5 tephra |
| 5 | Ksudach | Kamchatka | 3 | | 5200 BCE | | KS3 |
| 5 | Ichinsky | Kamchatka | 2.5 | | 5400 BCE | | |
| 5 | Shiveluch | Kamchatka | 1.2 | | 5500 BCE | | |
| 6 | Lake Mashū | Hokkaidō | 18.6 18.6 | Un­known | -5550 5550 BCE | 7.5 | Ma-f/g/h/i/j |
| 6 | Khangar | Kamchatka | 15 15 | Un­known | -5700 5700 BCE | 7.7 | KHG tephra |
| 5 | Avachinsky | Kamchatka | 9 9 | Un­known | -5980 5980 BCE | 7.9 | Tephra layer IAv2 |
| 6 | Menengai | East African Rift | 70 70 | Un­known | -6050 6050 BCE | 8 | |
| 5 | Mount Tarawera | Taupō Volcanic Zone | 1.2 | | 6060 BCE ±50 | | Haroharo (Te Horoa & other domes) |
| 5 | Makushin Volcano | Unalaska, Aleutian Arc | 7.5 | | 6100 BCE ±50 | | |
| 6 | Karkar Island | Bismarck Volcanic Arc | 20 20 | Un­known | -6318 6318 BCE | 8.3 | Wadau deposit |
| 5 | Kizimen | Kamchatka | 4.9 | | 6400 BCE ±50 | | KZII |
| 6 | Karymsky | Kamchatka | 14.5 14.5 | Un­known | -6600 6600 BCE | 8.6 | Tephra layer KRM |
| 5 | Shiveluch | Kamchatka | 1 | | 6800 BCE | | |
| 5 | Mount Tarumae | Hokkaidō | 1.9 | | 6950 BCE | | Ta-d |
| 5 | Shiveluch | Kamchatka | ≥ 2 | | 7150 BCE | | |
| 5 | Towada | Honshū | 2.5 | | 7250 BCE | | eruption episode E |
| 5 | Shiveluch | Kamchatka | ≥ 1 | | 7300 BCE | | |
| 6 | Mount Pinatubo | Luzon Volcanic Arc | 10 ⩾10 | Un­known | -7460 7460 BCE | 9.4 | Tayawan caldera, Pasbul eruptive period |
| 5 | Mount Tarawera | Taupō Volcanic Zone | | | 7560 BCE ±18 | | Lake Rotoma |
| 6 | Água de Pau | São Miguel Island, Azores | 11.5 11.5 | Un­known | -8000 8000 BCE | 10 | Inner Caldera Formation |
| 7 | Semisopochnoi Island | Aleutian Arc | 120 120 | Un­known | -8000 8000 BCE | 10 | |
| 5 | Kizimen | Kamchatka | 4 | | 8050 BCE | | KZI |
| 6 | Grímsvötn | Iceland | 15 15 | Un­known | -8230 8230 BCE | 10.2 | Saksunarvatn tephra |
| 5 | Lake Ngozi | Great Rift Valley, Tanzania | 7 | | 8250 BCE | | Kitulo pumice |
| 5 | Towada | Honshū | 1.3 | | 8250 BCE | | eruption episode F |
| 6 | Longonot | Great Rift Valley, Kenya | 50 50 | Un­known | -8910 8910 BCE | 10.9 | |
| 5 | Mount Tongariro | Taupō Volcanic Zone | 1 | | 9350 BCE | | |
| 5 | Mount Tongariro | Taupō Volcanic Zone | 1 | | 9450 BCE | | Poutu Lapilli (Mangamate) |
| 5 | Mount Tongariro | Taupō Volcanic Zone | 1 | | 9650 BCE | | |

## Exact year unknown

| VEI | Volcano/complex | Volcanic arc/belt, subregion, or hotspot | Material volume bulk (km$^3$) | Date (earliest est.) | Date (latest est.) | Tephra or eruption name |
| 5 | Sakurajima | Kyūshū | 1 | 1471 c.1471 | 1476 c.1476 | |
| 5 | Mount Pinatubo | Luzon Volcanic Arc | 1 | 1400 c.1400 | 1500 c.1500 | Buag eruptive period |
| 5 | El Chichón | Chiapanecan Volcanic Arc | 2.8 | 1260 c.1260 | 1460 c.1460 | |
| 5 | Ubinas | Andes, Central Volcanic Zone | 2.8 | 1000 c.1000 | 1164 c.1164 | |
| 5 | Lake Mashū | Hokkaidō | 4.6 | 980 c.980 | 1180 c.1180 | Ma-b |
| 5 | Puyehue | Andean Volcanic Belt | 4.32 | 0785 c.785 | 0935 c.935 | MH tephra |
| 6 | Ceboruco | Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt | 10.9 10.95 | 0730 c.730 | 1130 c.1130 | Jala Pumice |
| 5 | El Chichón | Chiapanecan Volcanic Arc | > 1 | 0680 c.680 | 0880 c.880 | tephra unit D |
| 6 | Pago | Bismarck Volcanic Arc | 20.0 20 | 0635 c.635 | 0785 c.785 | Witori-Galilo tephra |
| 5 | Pago | Bismarck Volcanic Arc | 6 | 0600 c.600 | 0780 c.780 | Witori-Kimbe 4 tephra |
| 5 | Opala | Kamchatka | 3.7 | 0560 c.560 | 0660 c.660 | Baranii Amphitheatre crater |
| 5 | Pago | Bismarck Volcanic Arc | 6 | 0210 c.210 | 0410 c.410 | Witori-Kimbe 3 tephra |
| 6 | Mount Churchill | eastern Alaska | 10.0 10 | 0145 c.145 | 0345 c.345 | WRAn |
| 6 | Ksudach | Kamchatka | 18.5 18.5 | 0140 c.140 | 0340 c.340 | KS1 |
| 5 | Furnas | São Miguel Island, Azores | 1.54 | -0020 20 BCE | 0180 c.180 | Tephra layer C |
| 6 | Apoyeque | Central America Volcanic Arc, Nicaragua | 18.0 18 | -0150 150 BCE | 0150 c.50 | |
| 5 | Masaya | Central America Volcanic Arc, Nicaragua | 3.4 | -0270 270 BCE | -0070 70 BCE | Masaya Tuff |
| 5 | Popocatépetl | Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt | 3.2 | -0500 500 BCE | 0150 c.100 | I.A1 Yellow Pumice |
| 5 | Mount Meager massif | Garibaldi Volcanic Belt | 0.1 ⩾ 1 | -0610 610 BCE | -0210 210 BCE | Bridge River eruption |
| 5 | Mount Tongariro | Taupō Volcanic Zone | 1.2 | -0750 750 BCE | -0350 350 BCE | |
| 5 | Khodutka | Kamchatka | 1.25 | -1030 1030 BCE | -830 830 BCE | KHD tephra |
| 5 | Yantarni Volcano | SW Alaska, Aleutian Arc | 1 | -1300 1300 BCE | -300 300 BCE | |
| 6 | Pago | Bismarck Volcanic Arc | 30.0 30 | -1530 1530 BCE | -1210 1210 BCE | Witori-Kimbe 2 tephra |
| 5 | Etna | Campanian volcanic arc | 0.2 1 | -1550 1550 BCE | -1450 1450 BCE | |
| 6 | Mount Aniakchak | SW Alaska, Aleutian Arc | 50.0 50 | -1636 1636 BCE | -1446 1446 BCE | Aniakch |
| 5 | Mount St. Helens | Cascade Volcanic Arc | 3.5 3.5 | -1870 1870 BCE | -1670 1670 BCE | Ye (Smith Creek) ak II |
| 5 | Villarrica | Andean Volcanic Belt | 3.3 | -2010 2010 BCE | -1610 1610 BCE | Pucón Ignimbrite |
| 6 | Black Peak | SW Alaska, Aleutian Arc | 30.0 30 | -2050 2050 BCE | -1750 1750 BCE | |
| 5 | El Chichón | Chiapanecan Volcanic Arc | 2 | -2130 2130 BCE | -1930 1930 BCE | Unit K (SI; Espindola 2000) Unit E (Macias 1997) |
| 5 | Mount Galunggung | Sunda Arc, Java | 1 | -2400 2400 BCE | -2100 2100 BCE | |
| 6 | Mount Veniaminof | SW Alaska, Aleutian Arc | 50.1 > 50 | -2455 2455 BCE | -2153 2153 BCE | V2 |
| 6 | Mount Vesuvius | Campanian volcanic arc | 2.0 2.0 | -2460 2460 BCE | -2380 2380 BCE | Avellino eruption |
| 5 | Phlegraean Fields | Campanian volcanic arc | 1.8 | -2650 2650 BCE | -1650 1650 BCE | Agnano Monte Spina |
| 5 | Lake Ikeda | Kyūshū | 2.3 | -2765 2765 BCE | -2615 2615 BCE | Ikeda-ko caldera, Tephra layer Ikp |
| 5 | Shiveluch | Kamchatka | > 1 | -2920 2920 BCE | -2320 2320 BCE | SHdv |
| 5-6 | Fisher Caldera | Unimak, Aleutian Arc | 5.5 (DRE) | -3245 3245 BCE | -3095 3095 BCE | Turquoise Cone |
| 5 | Chaitén | Andean Volcanic Belt | 4.7 | -3320 3320 BCE | -2880 2880 BCE | Cha2/Mic2 tephra |
| 5 | Avachinsky | Kamchatka | 1.5 1.5 | -3350 3350 BCE | -3050 3050 BCE | Tephra layer IAv20; AV3 |
| 5 | Mount Tarawera | Taupō Volcanic Zone | 6 | -3621 3621 BCE | -3431 3431 BCE | Whakatane tephra |
| 5 | Popocatépetl | Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt | ⩾ 5 | -4000 4000 BCE | -3400 3400 BCE | I.A1 Yellow Pumice |
| 5 | Apoyeque | Central America Volcanic Arc, Nicaragua | 1 | -4050 4050 BCE | -1050 1050 BCE | W Chiltepe Peninsula, Mateare Tephra |
| 6 | Pago | Bismarck Volcanic Arc | 10.0 10 | -4210 4210 BCE | -3790 3790 BCE | Witori-Kimbe 1 tephra |
| 5 | Hekla | Iceland | 1 | -4210 4210 BCE | -4010 4010 BCE | Hekla Ö tephra |
| 5 | Mayor Island / Tūhua | Taupō Volcanic Zone | 1.6 | -5260 5260 BCE | -4860 4860 BCE | Taratimi Bay |
| 5 | Puyehue | Andean Volcanic Belt | 1.66 | -5230 5230 BCE | -4930 4930 BCE | PU-2 tephra |
| 7 | Kikai Caldera | Ryukyu Islands | 170 332–457 | -5353 5353 BCE | -5215 5215 BCE | Akahoya eruption |
| 7 | Crater Lake (as Mount Mazama) | Cascade Volcanic Arc | 120 120 | -5832 5832 BCE | -5734 5734 BCE | Mazama Tephra |
| 5-6 | Crater Lake | Cascade Volcanic Arc | 8.9 > 9 | -5950 5950 BCE | -5850 5850 BCE | Lower Pumice, Llao Rock |
| 6 | Mount Aniakchak | Aleutian Arc | 30.0 30 | -7550 7550 BCE | -5050 5050 BCE | Aniakchak I |
| 6 | Tao-Rusyr Caldera | Onekotan, Kuril Islands | 55.0 55 | -6438 6438 BCE | -6258 6258 BCE | |
| 7 | Kurile Lake | Kamchatka | 155 155 | -6462 6462 BCE | -6416 6416 BCE | Ilinsky eruption |
| 5 | Pico de Orizaba | Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt | 1 | -6860 6860 BCE | -6560 6560 BCE | Upper Citlaltépetl ignimbrite |
| 5-6 | Mount Vesuvius | Campanian volcanic arc | 5.1 5.1 | -7040 7040 BCE | -6840 6840 BCE | Mercato eruption |
| 6 | Okmok Caldera | Umnak, Aleutian Arc | 75 75 | -8456 8456 BCE | -6096 6096 BCE | Okmok I |
| 6 | Morne Trois Pitons | Dominica, Lesser Antilles island arc | 58 58 | -7535 7535 BCE | -7347 7347 BCE | PPR3 - Link fall |
| 5 | Shiveluch | Kamchatka | ≥ 2 | -7550 7550 BCE | -7250 7250 BCE | |
| 5 | Calbuco | Southern Chile & Argentina | 1 | -7585 7585 BCE | -5935 5935 BCE | Ca8 tephra layer |
| 5 | Chaitén | Andean Volcanic Belt | 3.54 | -7950 7950 BCE | -7550 7550 BCE | Cha1 tephra |
| 5 | Roundtop Volcano | Unimak, Aleutian Arc | 7 | -8100 8100 BCE | -7100 7100 BCE | |
| 6 | Ulleung | South Korea | 28.5 28.5 | -8305 8305 BCE | -8227 8227 BCE | Ulleungdo-Oki tephra |
| 5 | Taupō Volcano | Taupō Volcanic Zone | 4.8 | -8330 8330 BCE | -7930 7930 BCE | Unit E (Opepe Tephra) |
| 5 | Calbuco | Southern Chile & Argentina | 1 | -8615 8615 BCE | -8305 8305 BCE | Ca1 tephra layer |
| 6 | Lvinaya Past | Kuril Islands | 75 75 | -8756 8756 BCE | -8614 8614 BCE | |
| 6 | Aira | Kyūshū | 12 | -9050 9050 BCE | -7050 7050 BCE | Wakamiko Caldera |
| 5 | Askja | Iceland | 3.45 | -9110 9110 BCE | -8710 8710 BCE | Dyngjufjöll Tephra |
| 7 | Fisher Caldera | Unimak, Aleutian Arc | 142 142 | -9114 9114 BCE | -8330 8330 BCE | Fisher Tuff |
| 5 | Taupō Volcano | Taupō Volcanic Zone | 1 | -9315 9315 BCE | -9165 9165 BCE | 4 km W of Te Kohaiakahu Point, Unit C (Poronui) |
| 5 | Taupō Volcano | Taupō Volcanic Zone | 1.4 | -9660 9660 BCE | -9260 9260 BCE | |
| 5 | Hijiori | Honshū | 2.3 | -10050 10050 BCE | -9050 9050 BCE | Obanazawa Pumice |