OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Châu Đốc massacre

The Châu Đốc massacre was the July 11, 1957 killing of 17 people in the small town of Châu Đốc in An Giang Province, near the border with Cambodia, in what was then known as South Vietnam. The killings were part of a low-level campaign targeting South Vietnamese officials.

## Background

Thousands of Viet Minh cadres had stayed behind after the country was split into North and South Vietnam. The North Vietnamese government maintained that a referendum on unification in line with the Geneva Accords would go ahead. As such, they forbade the southern Viet Minh cadres from anything but low-level insurgency actions, like the assassination of South Vietnamese Diệm officials instead of large scale military engagements. They were joined by other anti-government elements who escaped Diệm's crackdown on opposition groups like the Hòa Hảo and Cao Đài sects.

## Bar killings

As part of the violence against the Ngo Dinh Diem government, on July 11, 1957 anti-Diem insurgents stormed a bar in Châu Đốc and killed 17 people who were drinking inside. The victims were tied up and then machine gunned. American papers reported that the killings were a result of propaganda spread by communist forces and that the killing of 20 people would allow the person to fly and that anyone who killed 100 would "become an angel". The killings were blamed on communist insurgents and fighters of the banned Hòa Hảo sect. While urban Vietnamese did not take these claims seriously, the more rural a person was the more superstitious they were and the more likely they would believe that the murders would grant special powers.
# Eric Morgan Yeatman

Eric Morgan Yeatman is a Professor of Electrical Engineering at Imperial College London in London, UK. He is an expert in micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) and was the co-founder and Director of Microsaic Systems.

## Awards

In 2011, Yeatman received the Royal Academy of Engineering Silver Medal, and in 2012 he was made a Fellow of the Academy. In 2013, Yeatman was named as a Fellow of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) for "contributions to the development of micro-electro-mechanical devices." He is also a Fellow of the City and Guilds of London Institute, the Institution of Engineering and Technology and the Institute of Materials, Minerals and Mining.
# Edward Frederick Leitner

Edward Frederick Leitner, also Friedrich August Ludwig Leitner (February 4, 1812 – January 15, 1838) was a German botanist, naturalist and physician. He was killed in Florida during the Seminole Wars after volunteering to be a combat medic.
Frederick Leitner was born in Stuttgart on February 4, 1812 to Johann Friedrich Leitner and Karoline Friedericke Bühler. His father was a gardener in the court of King Frederick I of Württemberg. At the age of four, his family moved to Schorndorf after the death of his father. Following studies of botany at the University of Tübingen, he moved to the United States after receiving a subsidy from the Society of Natural Sciences in Württemberg.
In 1831, Leitner began taking classes at the Medical College of South Carolina in Charleston. In 1832, he befriended the famous naturalist John James Audubon while he was visiting Charleston. In 1833, he began to travel to Florida and collect botanical and zoological specimens in the Everglades. During his travels he eventually reached the Florida Keys, during which, he paid a visit to the Dry Tortugas.In 1834, he graduated from medical college with a dissertation on Hippomane mancinella, subsequently working as a lecturer at the South Carolina Medical Society.
The Seminole War that began in 1835 obstructed Leitner's research in South Florida, as the region had become a dangerous war zone. Leitner planned to join a U.S. Military unit, as it was the only way he could still travel through Florida and continue his research. In 1836 he traveled to Key West, where he joined U.S. Navy Lieutenant Levin M. Powell's unit as a guide and surgeon. On 15 January 1838, he was killed by Seminole warriors at the First Battle of the Loxahatchee. It was reported in a newspaper that he was likely targeted by the Seminoles because of his role as a combat medic. His body was never recovered after the battle.
At the time of Leitner's death, he was considered one of the world's leading experts on Florida's nature. After his death, 800 of his specimens eventually came into the possession of Jean Louis Cabanis in Germany, however these specimens were completely destroyed during the Bombing of Berlin in 1943. The genus Leitneria is named in his honor, as is the family Leitneriaceae, the latter taxa being circumscribed by George Bentham.

## Publications associated with Leitner

* "Edward Frederick Leitner (1812-1838), Physician-botanist", by George Edmund Gifford (1972).
# Marek Czakon

Marek Czakon (1 December 1963 – 25 April 2024) was a Polish professional footballer who played as a forward.
During his career, Czakon played in the premier divisions of Finland and Denmark and in the 2. Bundesliga in Germany. He was the top scorer of the Finnish Veikkausliiga in 1990 with 16 goals. He died on 25 April 2024, at the age of 60.

## Honours

Ilves
* Finnish Cup: 1990
Individual
* Veikkausliiga top scorer: 1990
# Łukasz Żegleń

Łukasz Żegleń (born 9 June 1995) is a Polish former professional footballer who played as a striker.

## Career

Żegleń made his debut in the Polish Ekstraklasa at 27 July 2013 in a 1–2 home defeat against Górnik Zabrze. He entered the field at half-time as substitute for Kamil Kurowski, and scored in the 70th minute.

## Honours

Stal Mielec
* II liga: 2015–16
# July 1960 Ceylonese parliamentary election

Snap parliamentary elections were held in Ceylon in July 1960.

## Background

The March 1960 election had left neither of Ceylon's two major parties with a majority, so another election was inevitable.
The Sri Lanka Freedom Party, which had been in disarray since the murder of its leader S.W.R.D. Bandaranaike the previous year, settled on his widow, Sirimavo, as its new leader. She pledged to continue her husband's policies, notably the Sinhala Only Act, and to proceed with repatriation of the estate Tamils to India. However, she promised to reach a compromise with the Federal Party.
The United National Party, led by Dudley Senanayake, refused to compromise with the Federal Party. It also differed with the SLFP over economic policy. The SLFP called for a socialist program of nationalization of both private enterprises and religious schools; the UNP preferred to leave both in private hands.

## Results

The SLFP obtained a bare majority, despite getting a lower share of the popular vote than the UNP, and Mrs. Bandaranaike became prime minister. This was the first time in history a woman led her party to victory in a general election and thus becoming prime minister.
| Party | Party | Votes | % | Seats |
| | United National Party | 1,144,166 | 37.19 | 30 |
| | Sri Lanka Freedom Party | 1,022,171 | 33.22 | 75 |
| | Lanka Sama Samaja Party | 224,995 | 7.31 | 12 |
| | Illankai Tamil Arasu Kachchi | 213,733 | 6.95 | 16 |
| | Mahajana Eksath Peramuna | 106,816 | 3.47 | 3 |
| | Communist Party of Ceylon | 90,219 | 2.93 | 4 |
| | All Ceylon Tamil Congress | 46,804 | 1.52 | 1 |
| | Lanka Democratic Party | 30,207 | 0.98 | 2 |
| | National Liberation Front | 14,030 | 0.46 | 2 |
| | Others | 183,728 | 5.97 | 6 |
| Total | Total | 3,076,869 | 100.00 | 151 |
| Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | 3,724,507 | 75.9 | |
| Source: Nohlen et al. |||||
# James Bruton

Sir James Bruton (1848 – 26 February 1933) was an English politician. He was elected member of Parliament for Gloucester for the Unionist Party in 1918 and 1922.
James Bruton was born in Newent, Gloucestershire, in 1848, the son of the auctioneer Henry Bruton. He was the elder brother of Henry Bruton junior (1843–1920). He was educated at The Crypt School in Gloucester.
He was knighted in 1916.
# Robert Browne (Elizabethan actor)

Robert Browne (died October 1603) was an English actor of the Elizabethan era, and the owner and manager of the Boar's Head Theatre. He is also part of an enduring confusion in the study of English Renaissance theatre.

## Two Robert Brownes

The relevant documents of English Renaissance drama contain numerous references to "Robert Browne." Early twentieth-century scholars, like E. K. Chambers and Edwin Nunzeger, assumed that these records referred to a single individual. Later scholars, principally Charles Jasper Sisson and Herbert Berry, argued persuasively that two separate individuals had been confused and conflated into one. Or two at least: "There were obviously at least two and could easily have been three or more Robert Brownes who had to do with the companies and playhouses of the time."
To distinguish between two Robert Brownes, the earliest years of the seventeenth century are key. One Robert Browne was busy running the Boar's Head Theatre in 1601 through 1603; another Robert Browne was performing with English actors in Germany between 1601 and 1607. The Boar's Head Browne died in 1603, and so can reasonably be termed an Elizabethan actor. The career of the "other" Robert Browne extended through the first two decades of the seventeenth century; he can sensibly be called a Jacobean actor.

## The Elizabethan actor

The Robert Browne who is the subject of this article was the man who ran the Boar's Head Theatre, and who was married to Susan Browne (later Susan Greene, later Susan Baskervile) and the father of their five children, including the actor William Browne (1602–34). Browne of the Boar's Head was in all likelihood the Browne who was a leader among the acting troupe Derby's Men, and who received payments for Court performances by Derby's Men in 1600 and 1601.
A Robert Browne wrote to Edward Alleyn in 1589; when the subject of this article died in October 1603, Joan Alleyn wrote the news to her husband. The later Robert Browne wrote to Alleyn in 1612, showing that the Alleyns knew both men. Concerning Edward Alleyn and the two Brownes, one scholar has written, "From the scanty record it would appear that the first was of particular interest to Alleyn but not on good terms, while the second appears, from occasional notes to Alleyn, to have been confident and respectful."
It is not impossible that there was a family relationship between the two Brownes, since familial connections were common among actors and theatre people in the era: consider John and Lawrence Dutton in Queen Elizabeth's Men, Anthony and Humphrey Jeffes in the Admiral's Men a generation later, plus Robert Pallant father and son (apparently), and other such pairs. To compound the confusion, both Robert Brownes had sons named Robert Browne.
# Sergey Koliukh

Sergey Mikhaylovich Koliukh (Russian: Серге́й Михайлович Колиух) (born 27 October 1960 in Voronezh, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union) is a Russian political figure. He has served as mayor of Voronezh from 11 March 2008 to March 13, 2013.
# Niels Siggaard Andersen

Niels Siggaard Andersen (also known as Niels Siggaard) is a Danish and later Norwegian curler.
He is a 2002 World Men's silver medallist and a 2003 World Men's bronze medallist.

## Teams
### Men's

| Season | Skip | Third | Second | Lead | Alternate | Coach | Events |
| 1983–84 | Christian Thune | Niels Siggaard | Michael Petersen (DMCC) Jens Møller (WCC) | Torsten Søndergaard | | | DMCC 1984 WCC 1984 (9th) |
| 1988–89 | Christian Thune | Niels Siggaard | Ole Lehmann de Neergard | Finn Nielsen | | | ECC 1988 (6th) |
| 1989–90 | Frants Gufler | Christian Thune | Niels Siggaard | Finn Nielsen | | | ECC 1989 (10th) |
| 1990–91 | Christian Thune | Niels Siggaard | Henrik Jakobsen | Lasse Lavrsen | Anders Søderblom (WCC) | | DMCC 1991 WCC 1991 (8th) |
| 2001–02 | Pål Trulsen | Lars Vågberg | Flemming Davanger | Bent Ånund Ramsfjell | Niels Siggaard Andersen | Ole Ingvaldsen | WCC 2002 |
| 2002–03 | Pål Trulsen | Lars Vågberg | Flemming Davanger | Bent Ånund Ramsfjell | Niels Siggaard Andersen | Ole Ingvaldsen | WCC 2003 |
| 2004–05 | Pål Trulsen | Lars Vågberg | Flemming Davanger | Bent Ånund Ramsfjell | Niels Siggaard Andersen | Ole Ingvaldsen | ECC 2004 WCC 2005 (4th) |
| 2016–17 | Ulrik Schmidt | Mikael Qvist | Niels Siggaard Andersen | Christian Thune-Jacobsen | | Lisa Richardson | WSCC 2017 (5th) |
| 2017–18 | Ulrik Schmidt | Mikael Qvist | Niels Siggaard Andersen | Christian Thune-Jacobsen | Per Svensen | Lisa Richardson | WSCC 2018 (5th) |
| 2018–19 | Ulrik Schmidt | Mikael Qvist | Niels Siggaard Andersen | Keld Henriksen | Per Svensen | | WSCC 2019 |

### Mixed

| Season | Skip | Third | Second | Lead | Events |
| 1989 | Christian Thune | Marie-Louise Siggaard Andersen | Niels Siggaard Andersen | Kinnie Leth Steensen | DMxCC 1989 |
| 1990 | Christian Thune | Marie-Louise Siggaard Andersen | Niels Siggaard Andersen | Majbritt Reinholdt-Gufler | DMxCC 1990 |
| 1992 | Ulrik Schmidt | Dorthe Holm | Niels Siggaard Andersen | Lisa Richardson | DMxCC 1992 |
| 1994 | Ulrik Schmidt | Dorthe Holm | Niels Siggaard Andersen | Lisa Richardson | DMxCC 1994 |
| 2010 | Mikael Qvist | Mona Sylvest Nielsen | Niels Siggard-Andersen | Trine Qvist | DMxCC 2010 |
| 2011–12 | Mikael Qvist | Mona Sylvest Nielsen | Niels Siggard-Andersen | Trine Qvist | EMxCC 2011 (4th) |
# Thomas Flower Ellis

Thomas Flower Ellis, FRAS FRS (5 December 1796 – 5 April 1861) was an English law reporter.
Ellis was the son of Thomas Flower Ellis, a merchant in the West India trade, and his wife Frances, née Danvers. Born in Walthamstow, he was educated in Hackney and at Trinity College, Cambridge, where he graduated with a BA in 1818, and was elected a fellow in 1819. He graduated with an MA there in 1821, and relinquished his fellowship that same year on his marriage, on 5 September 1821, to Susan McTaggart (1796/97–1839), daughter of John McTaggart of Ardwal.
He became a member of Lincoln's Inn, and was called to the bar in February 1824, and for some years went to the northern circuit. Here he first became acquainted with Thomas Babington Macaulay, and he remained Macaulay's close friend until his death. So attached were they, that when Macaulay went to India, Ellis wrote to him that, "next to his wife, he was the person for whom he felt the most thorough attachment, and in whom he placed the most unlimited confidence". In later life, they visited the continent together every autumn, and he was an executor of Macaulay's will. After his friend died the light seemed to have gone out of Ellis's life, but he occupied himself in preparing for publication the posthumous collection of Macaulay's essays. In 1831 he was a commissioner under the Reform Act 1832 to determine the boundaries of parliamentary boroughs in Wales.
He was, till his death, Attorney-General for the Duchy of Lancaster, and had "Palatine silk"; and in 1839 he succeeded Armstrong as Recorder of Leeds. He was, about 1830, a contributor to the Edinburgh Review, was a member of the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge, and revised several of its publications. He is best known as co-author of three excellent series of law reports: (with John Leycester Adolphus) Adolphus and Ellis, 1835–1842; (with Colin Blackburn) Ellis and Blackburn, 1853–1858; and (with his son Francis) Ellis and Ellis, published after his death. He was a Fellow of the Royal Astronomical Society, and having been elected in May 1820, was one of that society's earliest members. He was also, from 1847, a Fellow of the Royal Society.
He died at his house, 15 Bedford Place, Russell Square, on 5 April 1861.
His wife Susan nee McTaggart, died on 18 March 1839. They had five sons and two daughters. Their grandson by Francis Ellis, and his wife Caroline Ellis, was the philosopher John McTaggart Ellis McTaggart (who was named after Susan's brother Sir John McTaggart).
His youngest brother (and the father of Caroline Ellis) was Edward Chauncy Ellis.
His cousin was Robert Leslie Ellis.
# Altdeutsche Tracht

The fashion known as Altdeutsche Tracht, "old German" dress or costume (also known as Deutsche Nationaltracht, "German national costume"), became popular in Germany between 1813 and 1815, during the time of what is in German historiography known as the Befreiungskriege, the "liberation wars", the last years of the Napoleonic Wars. It was an expression of anti-French German national sentiment and met with great approval among women and men of various social strata. The new fashion was intended as a demonstration of resistance against the "French fashion foolishness", as it was described.
It is said that the Austrian officer Count von Sztáray complained already in 1800 to the University of Heidelberg that he saw students dressing according to the fashion of the French enemy:
    It cannot escape the notice of any right-thinking man, how conspicuously many young gentlemen of this University model themselves according to the pattern of the latest thing coughed up by the worst class of French people in costume, moral behaviour, gestures and public decency, to the disgrace of the upright of the German nation.
Leading advocates of a German national fashion included Ernst Moritz Arndt and Karoline Pichler. This new fashion was considered a sign of resistance against the rule of foreigners, but also against the old type of monarchical rule, and of a liberal, democratic disposition. After the foundation of the Urburschenschaft in Jena in 1815, it became a sign of belonging to the student Burschenschaften, who wanted to stand out from the traditionally minded, regionally oriented corps students.
The most prominent bearer of this fashion was the Bavarian Crown Prince Ludwig, the later King Ludwig I.
The new fashion built on the elements of the fashion of the time, supplemented through reminiscences of the 16th century, the period of the Reformation and Martin Luther, which were seen as characteristically German. In the female form, the historical elements added to the fashion included slashed and puffed sleeves, and ruffled collars. The most important piece of clothing for men was a long tight-fitting coat that was often worn with a widely opened collar. To this came widely cut trousers and often a large velvet beret. The dominant colour was black, the colour of the uniforms of many Freikorps during the liberation war. In particular among the young men, a rebellious behaviour and unkempt hair and beards were also common.
The fashion was seen as provocative and rebellious enough to be partly prohibited by the authorities during the persecution of "demagogues" (see also Carlsbad Decrees).
# PP-13 Rawalpindi-VIII

PP-13 Rawalpindi-VIII (پی پی-13، راولپنڈى-8) was a Constituency of Provincial Assembly of Punjab. This constituency was created after Rawalpindi District gained 1 seat after 2018 Delimitations. After 2023 Delimitations The constituency was abolished after Rawalpindi lost 1 seat.

## 2018 Elections

From 2018 some areas of PP-6 Rawalpindi-VIII Become PP-13 Rawalpindi-VIII With Some changes has follow (a) Gorakh Pur Qanungo Halqas of Rawalpindi Tehsil (b)The following Qanungo Halqas of Chaklala Cantonment (1) Charge No.4,(2) Morgah (3) Kotha Kalan (4) Topi and (5) Chaklala-I of Rawalpindi District.
General elections are scheduled to be held on 25 July 2018.
Provincial election 2018: PP-13 Rawalpindi-VIII :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | PTI | Amjad Mehmood Chaudhry | 39,943 | 57.50 |
| | PML(N) | Chaudhry Sarfraz Afzal | 12,512 | 18.04 |
| | Independent | Dad Khan | 5,443 | 7.84 |
| | MMA | Muhammad Taj Abbasi | 5,434 | 7.82 |
| | TLP | Ch Rizwan Younas | 4,987 | 7.18 |
| | Others | Others (five candidates) | 1,152 | 1.65 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 71,381 | 53.64 |
| Total valid votes | Total valid votes | Total valid votes | 69,471 | 97.32 |
| Rejected ballots | Rejected ballots | Rejected ballots | 1,910 | 2.68 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 27,431 | 39.49 |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 133,076 | |
# Hugh Clark (actor)

Hugh Clark (died 1653) was a prominent English actor of the Caroline era. He worked in both of the main theatre companies of his time, Queen Henrietta's Men and the King's Men.
Clark was with Queen Henrietta's Men during the first and most significant phase of their existence, from 1625 to 1636. Like some other actors of English Renaissance theatre, Clark began as a boy player filling female roles. He played Gratiana in Shirley's The Wedding in 1626, and Bess Bridges in both parts of Heywood's The Fair Maid of the West in 1630–31. Not long after that time, though, Clark switched to adult male roles. He played Syphax and Nuntius in Nabbes's Hannibal and Scipio (1635), and Hubert in Davenport's King John and Matilda.
The Queen Henrietta's company was disrupted and fractured by the bubonic plague epidemic of 1636–37. Clark, like some other members of the troupe, disappears from the available records in 1637 and 1638; he may have been one of several actors from the company who travelled with James Shirley to Dublin to work at the Werburgh Street Theatre.
By 1639, however, Clark was back in London and a member of the King's Men; he appeared in their revival of The Custom of the Country in that year. He was a sharer in the company by January 1641, when he was one of the six sharers who were named Grooms of the Chamber. As a member of the company, he was one of the ten actors who signed the dedication of the first Beaumont and Fletcher folio in 1647. He was also involved in the January 1648 attempt to revive the company (which failed by the summer of that year, when the actors missed a payment due), despite the fact that the theatres had been closed by the Puritan regime of the English Commonwealth.
# Sergey Kolunov

Sergey Vladimirovich Kolunov (Russian: Сергей Владимирович Колунов; born 22 March 1973, Kazan, Tatar Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic) is a Russian political figure and deputy of the 8th State Duma.
After graduating from the State University of Management in 1995, Kolunov had an internship at the University of Wolverhampton (Great Britain). In 1995–2003, he worked as a representative of the Italian Furniture Company. In 2003, he founded his own investment and development company "Sadovoe Koltso". Since September 2021, he has served as deputy of the 8th State Duma.

## Sanctions

He was sanctioned by the UK government in 2022 in relation to the Russo-Ukrainian War.