OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 2012 Guangxi cadmium spill

The 2012 Guangxi cadmium spill (广西镉污染事件) occurred in early January when toxic cadmium contaminated the Guangxi Longjiang river (龙江河) and water supply.

## Incident

Hechi authorities estimated that more than 40,000 kilograms of fish were found dead from January 15 to February 2 within the city limits. The spill was caused by Jinhe Mining company (沿河兩岸工廠). The spill is estimated to be 80 times the official limit, according to regional government protection official Feng Zhennian.
A toxic slick stretching more than 100km along the Longjiang river reached the Nuomitan hydroelectric station, 57 km upstream from Liuzhou, with cadmium levels five times above the national standard. In one month 20 tonnes of toxic cadmium metals were spilled into the river.

## Control

The government stopped supply of tap water to Liuzhou city, affecting 3.7 million residents. Seven company executives deemed responsible for the contamination were detained. Seven government officials were fired, including two punished for the spill. According to local government officials from the Xinhua News Agency, the pollution is under control after two weeks of cleanup. Shortly after the spill, residents of the city of Liuzhou emptied supermarkets of bottled water out of fear of contamination. Many scientists working on purification decided to return to the river, despite being hospitalized for contamination.
More than 60% of cadmium content in the Longjiang River in Hechi, previously reported as five times higher than the restricted level, has been diluted and absorbed, according to experts. Guangdong, Macau and Hong Kong are said to be unaffected. Chinese environmentalists are calling for a cadmium pollution fund to be set up to compensate for the long-term impact of the spill, according to state-run newspaper China Daily. "These kinds of disasters make it obvious that this is the time to change, to push for more transparency," says Ma Jun, a well-respected Chinese green activist and director of the Institute of Public & Environmental Affairs.
# Fernand Decanali

Fernand Decanali (7 July 1925 – 9 January 2017) was a French cyclist. He was born in Marseille. He won a gold medal in the team pursuit at the 1948 Summer Olympics in London, together with Pierre Adam, Charles Coste and Serge Blusson.
# Beatrice Vitoldi

Beatrice Vitoldi (December 15, 1895 – November 1939) was a Soviet film actress born in 1895 in Salerno, Italy.
Vitoldi is most famous for her only film role as the mother with the baby carriage in the Eisenstein film The Battleship Potemkin.
When she was five, her parents emigrated to Riga where her father worked as an engineer at the Russisch-Baltischen Waggonfabrik (later also known as Russo-Balt). The family later moved to Saint Petersburg where her father worked at a machine tool factory. Interested in both arts and politics, she met several Bolsheviks and was also introduced to Sergei Eisenstein (who incidentally also came to Saint Petersburg from Riga). Actively involved in the Bolshevik revolution, she worked later as a secretary for the Proletkult organization. In 1925 in the Eisenstein film The Battleship Potemkin, she played the role that made her famous in the Soviet Union. In 1931 she became a Soviet attachée in Italy. In 1937 she was recalled to Moscow where she was arrested and tried during the Great Purge. As with many victims of the purge, the exact circumstances of her death are unknown.
# Bukvice

Bukvice is a municipality and village in Jičín District in the Hradec Králové Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 200 inhabitants.

## Administrative division

Bukvice consists of two municipal parts (in brackets population according to the 2021 census):
* Bukvice (115)
* Křelina (34)
# Nematabramis borneensis

Nematabramis borneensis is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Danionidae, the danionins or danios. This species is found in northern Borneo. It belongs to the genus Nematabramis. It reaches up to 10.2 cm (4.0 in) in length.
# Julian Bennett (archaeologist)

Julian Bennett (9 June 1949 – 29 January 2025) was a British archaeologist.

## Life and career

After leaving secondary school, Bennett worked as a freelance archaeologist in England and Germany, before entering the University of Durham as a mature student where he graduated with a BA (Hons) in Archaeology in 1978. After preliminary graduate study at Newcastle University, he was appointed an Excavations Director for English Heritage, continuing with part-time graduate studies to eventually be awarded his PhD in 1991. The title of his PhD thesis was The Setting, Development and Function of the Hadrianic Frontier in Britain. From 1985 to 1995, Bennett worked for a New York travel company, guiding for institutions such as the Smithsonian and the Metropolitan Museum of Art, and working as Tour Leader and Archaeological Guide Lecturer on boat cruises around Europe and Scandinavia, the Mediterranean World, and South America.
In 1995 Bennett became a professor at Bilkent University in Ankara. His areas of expertise were: provincial and military Roman archeology, late Roman and Byzantine architecture in Turkey, the Roman Empire and the Roman army and the study of Late Antique and Medieval architecture. He published numerous monographs and articles on various aspects of Roman and Medieval Britain and the Roman army, and was the author of two books, Towns in Roman Britain (1980) and Trajan. Optimus Princeps. A Life And Times (1997). The latter has been translated into Romanian and Russian.
Bennett's fieldwork experience extended from rural and urban salvage excavations in Britain, Romania, and Germany to a later research project, studying the architecture of the Moldavian and Ottoman castle of Belgorod-Akkerman, in Ukraine. He was elected a Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries of London in 2002, becoming only the third person in Turkey to receive that distinction. Bennett appeared in many TV documentaries for the BBC, The History Channel and National Geographic.
Bennett had one daughter, Laura I. H. Bennett (b. 1984) and two sons, Alexander Ş. W. Bennett (b. 2006), Arthur K. W. Bennett (b. 2009). He died on 29 January 2025, at the age of 75.

## Works

* Trajan. Optimus Princeps. A Life And Times. 1997, 2. edition, Routledge, London 2001, ISBN 0-415-16524-5.
* Towns in Roman Britain. 1980, 4. edition, Shire 2001, ISBN 0-7478-0473-7
# Lithium naphthalene

Lithium naphthalene is an organic salt with the chemical formula Li$^+$[C$_{10}$H$_8$]$^−$. In the research laboratory, it is used as a reductant in the synthesis of organic, organometallic, and inorganic chemistry. It is usually generated in situ. Lithium naphthalene crystallizes with ligands bound to Li$^+$. The anion is a well-known example of an organic radical.

## Preparation and properties

The compound is prepared by stirring the metallic lithium with naphthalene in an ethereal solvent, usually as tetrahydrofuran or dimethoxyethane. The resulting salt is dark green. The reaction of naphthalene with lithium can be accelerated by sonication. Methods for assaying lithium naphthalene have been developed as well. As a radical, its solutions show a strong EPR signal near g = 2.0. Its deep green color arises from absorptions at 463, 735 nm.
Several solvates of lithium naphthalene have been characterized by X-ray crystallography. The effects are subtle, the outer pair of HC–CH bonds contract by 3 pm and the other nine C–C bonds elongate by 2–3 pm. Net: reduction weakens the bonding.

## Reactions
### Redox

With a reduction potential near −2.5 V versus the normal hydrogen electrode, the naphthalene radical anion is a strong reducing agent.

### Protonation

The anion is strongly basic, and a typical degradation pathway involves reaction with water and related protic sources such as alcohols. These reactions afford dihydronaphthalene:
    2 Li$^+$[C$_{10}$H$_8$]$^−$ + 2 H$_2$O → C$_{10}$H$_{10}$ + C$_{10}$H$_8$ + 2 LiOH

### As a ligand precursor

Alkali metal salts of the naphthalene radical anion are used to prepare complexes of naphthalene.

## Related compounds

Many related radical anions are known such as those derived from anthracene, with other alkali metals (especially sodium), and with diverse ligands attached to the alkali metal cations. Dilithium naphthalene is also known in the form [Li$^+$(tmeda)$_2$]$_2$[C$_{10}$H$_8$]$^{2−}$.
# Kanela

Togo Renan Soares, also commonly known as Kanela (22 May 1906 – 12 December 1992) was a Brazilian professional basketball coach, football coach, water polo coach, and rowing coach. He was born in Parahyba do Norte (present-day João Pessoa), Brazil. The gymnasium Gávea, is named after him. He was enshrined into the FIBA Hall of Fame in 2007.

## Club football managerial career

Kanela was the head coach of the Brazilian football club Botafogo F.R., (1929–1936). He was also the Brazilian football club C.R. Flamengo's head coach, (1948–49).

## Club basketball coaching career

Kanela began his basketball coaching career as the head coach of the Brazilian club Botafogo F.R. Basquete. With Botafogo, he won 6 Rio de Janeiro State Championships. He was next the head coach of the Brazilian club C.R. Flamengo Basquete, (1948–1970). He led Flamengo to 14 Rio de Janeiro State Championships, including 10 in a row, between 1951 and 1960. With Flamengo, he also won the South American Club Championship, in 1953.
His next club was S.E. Palmeiras, with which he won the São Paulo State Championship in 1972. He ended his club coaching career with Vila Nova, with which he won the Brazilian Championship, in 1973.

## National basketball team coaching career

Kanela also coached the senior Brazilian national basketball team. He led them to two gold medals at the FIBA World Cup, in 1959 (beating the USSR in the final game) and 1963 (beating the USA in the final game). He also led them to the following medals: silver medals at the 1954 FIBA World Cup and 1970 FIBA World Cup, a bronze medal at the 1960 Summer Olympics, a bronze medal at the 1967 FIBA World Cup, a silver medal at the 1963 Pan American Games, bronze medals at the 1951 Pan American Games and 1959 Pan American Games, and to five gold medals at the FIBA South American Championship (1958, 1960, 1961, 1963, 1971).

## Coaching career in other sports

In addition to coaching in the sports of football and basketball, Kanela also worked as a water polo coach and a rowing coach, with Botafogo F.R.

## Personal

Kanela died in Rio de Janeiro, in 1992, at age 86.
# Life Word Mission

Life Word Mission (Korean: 생명의말씀선교회; RR: seng-myung-ui-mal-ssum-seon-gyo-hoe) is a South Korean Christian-based new religious movement founded in 1982 by Lee Yo-han (Korean: 이요한; RR: i-yo-han) (aka: Lee Bok-chil (Korean: 이복칠; RR: i-bok-chil)). It also uses the name 'The Korean Baptist Church'(Korean: 대한예수교침례회; RR: dae-ha-nye-su-gyo-chim-nye-hoe) in parallel. It is a splinter group from Yoo Byung-eun's Evangelical Baptist Church.
In South Korea, Life Word Mission is commonly misunderstood to be one of several movements commonly known as Guwonpa (Korean: 구원파; Hanja: 救援派; RR: gu-won-pa) meaning Salvation Sect, from the Korean term guwon (Korean: 구원; RR: gu-won) meaning "salvations". They have clearly stated they have no part in salvation sect.

## Controversies

* A local church has sparked controversy after it was revealed that young members were encouraged to pledge 100 million KRW in building funds through part-time jobs.
# Banshidhar Brajwasi

Banshidhar Brajwasi is an Indian politician, activist and former Teacher from Bihar. He is a Member of the Bihar Legislative Council from Tirhut Graduate constituency since 10 December 2024, following his victory in the by-election as an Independent candidate.
He was a teacher in a government school before his debut into politics. He had served as the State President of Parivartankari Prarambhik Shikshak Sangh, Bihar.

## Early life and political career

Banshidhar Brajwasi hails from the Damuchak, Marwan block of Muzaffarpur district, Bihar. He began his professional career as a teacher in Muzaffarpur, Bihar at the Utkrisht Madhya Vidyalaya in Raksaa Purvi, Marwan. He joined the teaching profession in 2005.
Brajwasi faced considerable challenges during his career. He was suspended and later dismissed from his teaching position following conflicts with higher authorities. This dismissal, rather than discouraging him, strengthened his determination to advocate for teachers' rights and push for educational reforms.
His experiences in the education sector and activism culminated in his recent electoral success as an independent candidate in the Bihar Legislative Council bypolls, where he defeated candidates from established parties like RJD and JD(U).
# Ga-eul

Ga-eul, also spelled Ka-eul, is a Korean feminine given name. The word itself is a native Korean word meaning "autumn" and does not have corresponding hanja. However, since Korean given names can be created arbitrarily, it may also be a name with hanja (e.g. 嘉乙).

## People

People with this name include:
* Jeon Ga-eul (born 1988), South Korean football player
* Kim Ga-eul (born 1997), South Korean swimmer
# Nico LaHood

Nicolas "Nico" Anthony LaHood (born September 16, 1972) is a former criminal district attorney of Bexar County, Texas.

## Early life and education

LaHood was born on September 16, 1972, to Judge Michael Thomas LaHood Sr. and Norma Olivia (née Mendiola) in San Antonio, Texas.
While in his third year at San Antonio College in 1994, LaHood was arrested for attempting to sell ecstasy pills worth $3,600, with a firearm to an undercover police officer at a strip club. He entered into a plea bargain in August 1994 and was given deferred adjudication and probation.
LaHood graduated from St. Mary's University in 1999 and then law school in 2002.

## Career

LaHood ran for district attorney in 2010, but narrowly lost to Susan Reed. Controversies that contributed to his loss included his age, past drug arrest, and firearm charges. After the election, LaHood had already decided to run again in 2014. In the 2014 Democratic primaries for the District Attorney race, LaHood faced off against Therese Huntzinger. LaHood narrowly beat his opponent: LaHood received 20,413 votes, just 47 more than Huntzinger's 20,366. In the 2014 election for District Attorney, LaHood defeated Susan Reed, the incumbent. LaHood was sworn in as the new DA on January 1, 2015.
In 2017, state district judge Lori Valenzuela testified that LaHood had threatened the careers of two defense attorneys if they brought up an affair between a prosecutor in his office and a key witness for the prosecution in a murder case. Judge Valenzuela, who presided over the case, testified under oath that she had witnessed the threats made in her chambers. LaHood also testified, denying that he had made a threat.
LaHood has promoted the unfounded conspiracy theory that vaccines are linked to autism. In a statement videotaped in his office for the anti-vaccine film Vaxxed, Lahood asserted that vaccines "can and do cause autism," LaHood repeated these claims in testimony to a Texas House committee. LaHood also stated that Islam is a "horrifically violent" religion.
On March 6, 2018, LaHood lost the Democratic primary for district attorney to Joe Gonzales by more than 18 percentage points.
In September 2018, LaHood announced he was leaving the Democratic party, saying "leftists have taken over".

## Personal life

LaHood married Davida Gil on July 8, 2006. They have four children together. On August 15, 1996, LaHood's brother Michael LaHood Jr. was murdered in the driveway of his parents' house after a failed robbery. The triggerman Mauriceo Mashawn Brown, along with three other men, were later caught and tried. Under the Texas law of parties, not only Mauriceo Mashawn Brown, but also the driver of the car that carried Brown, Kenneth Foster Jr., was tried for capital murder, and in May 1997 both were sentenced to death. In July 2006, Mauriceo Brown was executed for the crime by lethal injection. On August 31, 2007, Foster's death sentence was commuted by Governor Rick Perry.
# Bystřice (Jičín District)

Bystřice is a municipality and village in Jičín District in the Hradec Králové Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 400 inhabitants.

## Administrative division

Bystřice consists of two municipal parts (in brackets population according to the 2021 census):
* Bystřice (313)
* Važice (25)
# Ahmed Rachedi, Mila

Ahmed Rachedi is a town and commune in Mila Province, Algeria. At the 1998 census it had a population of 14,489.
# Scrappy Moc

Scrappy is the mascot of the University of Tennessee at Chattanooga, located in Chattanooga, Tennessee. He is an anthropomorphic northern mockingbird, the state bird of Tennessee. Scrappy is named after the legendary, former Chattanooga football coach, A.C. "Scrappy" Moore.

## History

Chattanooga was formerly the "Moccasins", named after nearby Moccasin Bend. Several identities have been associated with UTC. A water moccasin mascot was used in the 1920s. A Native American mascot, "Chief Moccanooga", was used until 1996. There was a short time in the 1980s when a moccasin shoe was used as the mascot. Due to politically sensitive issues, it was decided to drop the use of Native American imagery. The nickname "Moccasins" was shortened to "Mocs" and the state bird was selected as mascot. The primary logo was Scrappy at the throttle of a steam locomotive from 1997 until 2007. This tied in with Chattanooga's history as a major railroad hub. Scrappy underwent a re-design in 2008 to better match the appearance of a Northern mockingbird, and dropped the railroad imagery at the same time. Scrappy has remained the same since 2008, other than a few minor alterations. In 2009, Scrappy appeared on Late Night with Jimmy Fallon prior to the 2009 NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament. In 2016, Scrappy was named the MascotInsider College Mascot of the Year. Scrappy competed for the first time in the Universal Cheerleader's Association National Championships in 2018 at the ESPN Wide World of Sports Complex located at the Walt Disney World Resort. He competed in the Open Gameday category along with the UTC Spirit Squad, and they would be awarded 1st place in the nation and 2nd place overall.

## Known performers

* Mitch Reburn
* Tyler Hickerson (2012–2016)
* Zachary Langley (2014–2018)
* Ty Myers
* Jaden Partain
* Jackson Schneider
# Aleksandr Rymanov

Aleksandr Anatolevich Rymanov (Russian: Александр Анатольевич Рыманов, born August 25, 1959) is a former Soviet/Russian handball player who competed in the 1988 Summer Olympics.
In 1988 he won the gold medal with the Soviet team. He played all six matches and scored 18 goals.
# Esala Weerakoon

Esala Ruwan Weerakoon is a Sri Lankan diplomat who was the SAARC Secretary General, in office since March 2020 to October 2023. He served as permanent secretary to the Ministry of Tourism Development and permanent secretary of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and as Sri Lankan High Commissioner to India and ambassador to Norway.

## Early life

Born to a civil servant Bradman Weerakoon and Damayanthi Gunasekara, he was educated at Royal College, Colombo. He studied economics at the University of Kelaniya and undertook post-graduate studies at London School of Economics.

## Career

Joining the Sri Lanka Foreign Service in 1988, he served in several foreign postings in London, Canberra, Kuala Lumpur and Paris. He served as Charge d'affairs at Sri Lankan Embassies in Washington DC and in Tokyo. During his tenure of service at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, he has served in different capacities including as the Director General of Economic Affairs Division and the Director General of East Asia & Pacific Division. He has also held office as Additional Secretary (External Relations) at the Ministry of Economic Development and as Additional Secretary (Special Projects) at the Ministry of Housing & Samurdhi. He has served as Ambassador to Norway, High Commissioner to Seychelles and was appointed as High Commissioner of Sri Lanka to India in November 2015.
# Češov

Češov is a municipality and village in Jičín District in the Hradec Králové Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 200 inhabitants. Češov is known for the Wall of Češov, which is remnants of a Celtic oppidum.

## Administrative division

Češov consists of two municipal parts (in brackets population according to the 2021 census):
* Češov (165)
* Liběšice (77)
# Michael Schaffer (journalist)

Michael Schaffer is an American journalist who was editor of the Washingtonian. Previously, he was editorial director of The New Republic and editor Washington City Paper.
After graduating from Columbia University in 1995, Schaffer was a Fulbright scholar in Sri Lanka. He began his career as a writer at City Paper, where he eventually became the editor David Carr's deputy. He later worked at U.S. News & World Report, where he covered national politics and the aftermath of the September 11 attacks in Pakistan and Afghanistan. He later worked for The Philadelphia Inquirer, mainly focusing on municipal politics and doing a tour of duty in Iraq. In 2007, he left the Inquirer to work on a book, One Nation Under Dog, published by Henry Holt in 2009. The next year, he returned to City Paper, replacing his longtime friend Erik Wemple as editor, a post he served from 2010 to 2012. He has also written for Slate, The Washington Post, POLITICO, Philadelphia, The Daily Beast, The Boston Globe and other publications.
In 2012, Schaffer joined The New Republic as editorial director, shortly after it was bought by Chris Hughes, and played a role in its redesign and online operations. In 2014, Schaffer was named the fourth editor in the Washingtonian's 49-year history. He left the Washingtonian to join Politico in December 2021 as senior editor.
# Symphony of Color

A Symphony of Color (2008) is a mosaic by artist Donna Pinter of Roswell, Georgia. It is located in the Virginia Highland neighborhood of Atlanta, along Barnett Street north of Drewry Street.