OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Po Toi

Po Toi (commonly Chinese: 蒲台島, originally Chinese: 蒲苔島) is the main island of the Po Toi Islands and the southernmost island of Hong Kong, with an area of 3.69 km$^2$.

## Name

It is said that the island used to produce dried seaweeds (苔), which were shaped like the cattail hassock (蒲團) used by the monks for sitting; therefore the island was originally called 蒲苔島, the present common name being a corruption. Another explanation states that Po Toi looks like a floating platform (浮台) when viewed from a distance on sea. 蒲 is another character meaning "to float" in the local dialect, thus giving the island its name.

## Administration

Po Toi is a recognized village under the New Territories Small House Policy.

## History

The island historically had a maximum of about 1,000 fishermen and farmers, whose economic activity consisted mainly of fishing, farming and seaweed harvesting. The population lived mainly in two villages, Chang Shek Pai (長石排) and Shan Liu (山寮). The population decreased sharply over the past decades, with the younger generations moving to the city.

## Features

Po Toi is an important birding hotspot in Hong Kong, with over 350 species recorded. However the numbers are declining like elsewhere in Hong Kong, the rather degraded environmental situation around the village being one of the factors.
Po Toi is famous for its rock formations, such as the Buddha's Palm Cliff (佛手巖), the Coffin Rock (棺材石), the Tortoise Rock (靈龜上山) and the Monk Rock (僧人石).
Ancient rock carvings on the island, believed to date back to the Bronze Age (around 1500–700 BC), were discovered in the 1960s. They have been listed as declared monuments of Hong Kong since 1979. These may be viewed on a spur-track on the track that runs between the main harbour (Tai Wan), and the lighthouse.
A Tin Hau Temple is located on Po Toi, facing the bay of Tai Wan (大灣). While its construction date is unknown, it is documented that the temple was renovated in 1893.
Mo's Old House, or the "Deserted Mansion of Family Mo" (巫氏廢宅), usually referred to as the "Haunted House", is a popular venue of "adventure" for the young visitors. The existing house was built in the 1930s at Chang Shek Pai and has fallen into ruins.
There is a lighthouse on Po Toi also known as Nam Kok Tsui Lighthouse.

## Education

Po Toi Island is in Primary One Admission (POA) School Net 96, which contains a single aided school, Northern Lamma School on Lamma Island; no government primary schools are in this net.

## Transport

The island is accessible by kai-to or water taxi. Tsui Wah Ferry provides scheduled ferry services connecting Po Toi Island with Aberdeen and Stanley.

## In fiction

The climax of John le Carré's novel The Honourable Schoolboy (the second in the 'Karla trilogy', featuring George Smiley) takes place on Po Toi.
# Sunset Peak (Hong Kong)

Sunset Peak or Tai Tung Shan (Chinese: 大東山) is the third-highest peak in Hong Kong and the second-highest on the island of Lantau. It is situated within the Lantau South Country Park and the Lantau North Country Park and stands at a height of 869 metres (2,851 ft) above the Hong Kong Principal Datum, or 868 metres (2,848 ft) above mean sea level. The second-highest of the territory and the highest on the island, the Lantau Peak, is located to its west.

## Hiking

Sunset Peak is one of Hong Kong's most famous hikes, especially for views of sunrise and sunset. Visitors often flock to the mountain in the winter months to enjoy views of the seasonal silvergrass paired with dramatic views.
Hiking up Sunset Peak is not easy and requires a good level of fitness. The two most common routes to hike up to the summit of Sunset Peak include starting from Pak Kung Au and from Nam Shan Campsite. The Nam Shan Campsite route is usually less crowded and ends at the best viewpoint for sunset photos.

## Name

The Cantonese name Tai Tung Shan (Chinese: 大東山; Cantonese Yale: daaih dūng shāan, Jyutping: Daai$^6$ Dung$^1$ Saan$^1$) literally means "Big East Mountain".

## Access

Sunset Peak is only accessible by foot. It is located on section 2 of the 70 km (43 mi) long Lantau Trail. Section 2 is 6.5 km long and goes from Nam Shan Campsite west of Mui Wo on South Lantau Road (elevation about 120 m), to Pak Kung Au, another campsite on the Tung Chung Road (elevation about 340 m). Both campsites are served by a number of bus routes going to Mui Wo, Tung Chung, and other destinations on Lantau island.
# Allan Beekman

Allan Beekman (January 16, 1913 – October 29, 2001) was an American reporter and author who wrote The Niihau Incident, Crisis: The Japanese Attack on Pearl Harbor and Southeast Asia and Hawaiian Tales.

## Life

Born in Utica, New York, Beekman moved to Hawaii as a young man in the early 1930s and lived there the remainder of his life. Severe deafness, which began at the age of 16, and the Great Depression kept him from going to college as a young man. He became fluent in the Japanese language, enabling him to write about the Japanese experience from Japanese language sources not available in English. He also became a scholar in Japanese immigrant history.
He was a reporter for the Honolulu Star-Bulletin and later wrote features and a weekly book review for more than 20 years at Pacific Citizen, a weekly newspaper directed to Americans of Japanese descent. Beekman championed the rights of Japanese Americans with articles and letters to the editor of Honolulu dailies, along with local political commentaries.
During the 1960s and 1970s, Beekman also worked as a security guard at Queen's Medical Center.
Beekman married Take Okawa, a former Japanese-language schoolteacher educated in Tokyo and Hawaii, who collaborated with her husband on several Japanese immigrant stories.
He died in Honolulu, Hawaii on October 29, 2001.

## Works

Several of the stories in Hawaiian Tales, published in 1972, dealt with pre-, post-, and wartime experiences of Japanese immigrants.
The Niihau Incident was a nonfiction account of the crash-landing of a Japanese Zero on the Hawaiian island of Niihau immediately following the attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941. Beekman was the first to uncover some important details, until then unavailable in English, of the story of the Japanese fighter pilot, Shigenori Nishikaichi. Nishikaichi, unable to return to his carrier after the attack, crashed on the American island of Niihau and terrorized its residents for seven days. During this time the U.S. government was completely unaware of his presence there. After many years of original and in-depth research, Beekman grew to be the world authority on this incident.
# Scripps

Scripps may refer to:

## People

* Edward W. Scripps (1854–1926), American publisher and media financier
* Ellen Browning Scripps (1836–1932), American philanthropist, half-sister of Edward W. Scripps
* James E. Scripps (1835–1906), American newspaper publisher, brother of Ellen Browning Scripps
* Samuel H. Scripps (1927–2007), American philanthropist in theater and dance, grandson of Edward W. Scripps
* Anne Scripps (1946–1993), heiress to the Scripps newspaper publishing and great-great granddaughter of James E. Scripps
* Charles Scripps (1920–2007), chairman of the board of the E. W. Scripps Company and grandson of Edward W. Scripps
* Dan Scripps, American politician
* John Locke Scripps (1818–1866), attorney, journalist, and author. First cousin once removed of E.W. Scripps
* John Martin Scripps (1959–1996), British serial killer
* Natalee Scripps (born 1978), New Zealand cricketer
* William Edmund Scripps (1882–1952), American founder of WWJ radio, son of James E. Scripps

## Organizations and enterprises

* E. W. Scripps Company, American media conglomerate founded by Edward W. Scripps
** Scripps Center, office building owned by E. W. Scripps Company in Cincinnati, Ohio, U.S.
** Scripps Howard Foundation, the corporate foundation of the E. W. Scripps Company
** Scripps National Spelling Bee, annual American competition sponsored by E. W. Scripps Company
** Scripps Networks, American digital multicasting division of E. W. Scripps Company
** Scripps Networks Interactive, American cable TV media company spun-off from E. W. Scripps Company
* Scripps Health, a not-for-profit, community-based health care delivery network in San Diego, California, U.S.
* Scripps Institution of Oceanography, an ocean and earth science institution in San Diego, California, U.S.
* Scripps League Newspapers, a newspaper publishing company in the United States founded by Josephine Scripps in 1921
* Scripps Research, American medical research facility
* Scripps-Booth, early 20th century American automobile company

## Places

* Scripps Canyon, underwater gorge in the Pacific Ocean off the coast of southern California
* Scripps Coastal Reserve, reserve located west of UC San Diego in La Jolla Farms
* Scripps Cottage, part of the campus of San Diego State University in San Diego, California, U.S.
* Scripps Formation, a geologic formation in coastal San Diego County, California
* Scripps Heights, heights on the east coast of Palmer Land, Antarctica
* Scripps Mansion, personal estate of William Edmund Scripps in Lake Orion, Michigan, U.S.
* Scripps Ranch, San Diego, community in San Diego, California, U.S.

## Schools

* Scripps College, women's college in Claremont, California, U.S.
* Scripps College of Communication, a division of Ohio University, U.S.
    E. W. Scripps School of Journalism, part of the college
# Te Vaka (album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
Te Vaka, also known as Original Contemporary Pacific Music, is the 1996 self-titled debut album by the Oceanic group Te Vaka. Their music is often described as "South Pacific fusion", making use of contemporary musical styles while mixing in traditional instruments and themes from the South Pacific. This album has seen multiple releases, with some variations to the cover art and track listings due to changes in domestic and international distribution rights since its initial independent release in 1996. In October 2008 the album was made available as a digital download from Amazon.com

## Track listing

All tracks are written by Opetaia Foaʻi, except where noted.
# Puran Badi

Puran Badi is a village in the Dhod Panchayat Samitii in the Sikar District of Rajasthan region in India. It is 12 kilometers southwest of Sikar. Puran Badi village is older than Sikar City.
Founder - Puran Badi was founded by Puraram ji Bhadhadara (Brahmin).
Puraram ji laid foundation stone of Dungari Balaji and Puran Badi village in Kartik Badi Teej 1121(Vikram Samvat).
There are three government schools in the village: a secondary school and two primary schools. There is a general hospital and an internet room in Puran Badi.
* Tatya Tope in Puran Badi
Tatya Tope, the great freedom fighter associated with the Indian freedom struggle, also once stayed with his soldiers in Puran Badi village for 15 days. The people of Puran Badi village made arrangements for accommodation and food for Tatya Tope and his soldiers. It is said that when the British got information about Tatya Tope's stay, Tatya Tope had to hide his weapons in the pond of Puran Badi.
* Sri Dungari Balaji Temple
Shri Dungari Balaji Temple was established by Puraram Ji Bhadhadara in Kartik Badi Teej 1121 Vikram Samvat. This temple is older than the famous Salasar Balaji. The people of Puran Badi do not use the stones from the mountain of Sri Dungri Balaji.
•Hanuman Sagar
Hanuman Sagar is a historical pond near Shri Dungari Balaji Temple. In ancient times, this pond was the source of drinking water for the people of Puran Badi. The water in Hanuman Sagar comes from small rivers of Harsh Parvat and it is said that till date Hanuman Sagar has never gone dry.

## Demographics

Puran Badi, a village within the Dhod Panchayat Samiti, exhibits demographics characteristic of many rural communities in the region. The population is primarily engaged in agriculture and related activities, with traditional practices still playing an integral role in daily life. Over time, gradual improvements in educational infrastructure have led to increased literacy rates, particularly among the younger generation. The village’s social structure reflects a blend of long-standing traditions and evolving aspirations, where family ties and community bonds remain strong even as new opportunities emerge. Local festivities, cultural events, and community gatherings further reinforce these close-knit relationships.
The age distribution in Puran Badi is relatively balanced, with a significant proportion of residents under the age of 30—a factor that promises future growth and dynamism for the local economy. While traditional occupations continue to dominate, there is a noticeable trend toward diversification, as some inhabitants pursue education and migrate to nearby urban centers in search of better prospects. Gender ratios are gradually improving, thanks in part to increased emphasis on female education and healthcare. For a more detailed statistical insight into the village’s demographic profile, you can refer to the official Census of India data available at Census of India.
The total population of the village was estimated in 2011 as 2591, comprising 1451 males and 1140 females.
# Sir Thomas Russell, 1st Baronet

Sir Thomas Wallace Russell, 1st Baronet MP PC (Ire) (28 February 1841 – 2 May 1920), was an Irish politician and agrarian agitator. Born at Cupar, Fife, Scotland, he moved to County Tyrone at the age of eighteen. He was secretary and parliamentary agent of the Irish temperance movement and became well known as an anti-alcohol campaigner and proprietor of a Temperance Hotel in Dublin.

## Career

He unsuccessfully contested Preston in 1885 as a Liberal. However, he opposed William Ewart Gladstone's Home Rule policy and was elected to the House of Commons of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland as a Liberal Unionist in 1886 for South Tyrone. He served between 1895 and 1900 as Parliamentary Secretary to the Local Government Board in the Unionist administration of Lord Salisbury.
However, Russell's views on Home Rule underwent a change around the turn of the century and he gradually became a critic of Unionist policies in Ireland. From 1900 put himself at the head of the Farmers and Labourers Union, an Ulster tenant-farmer protest movement demanding compulsory land purchase, similar to the land and labour movement in the south. His 1901 book Ireland and the Empire was an attack on the Irish agrarian system. From 1902 to 1903 he was a key Ulster farmer representative at the Dublin "Land Conference" which resulted in the passing of the Land Purchase (Ireland) Act 1903. This defused the Protestant tenant farmers' revolt.
Russell continued to represent Tyrone South in Parliament. In 1906, supported by Lindsay Crawford and his Independent Orange Order while at the same acknowledging his debt to Catholic tenant farmers, he was re-elected as an "Independent Unionist", one of several candidates referred to as "Russellite Unionist".
Russell was vice-president of the Irish Department of Agriculture and Technical Instruction (DATI), in which capacity he displaced Horace Plunkett as head of the Department in 1907. He disapproved of Plunkett's cooperative Irish Agricultural Organisation Society involving itself in the affairs of farmers, and ended DATI's help for the society.
He rejoined the Liberal Party and stood as a Liberal candidate at the general election in January 1910, when he lost his seat to the Unionist Andrew Horner. Russell does not appear to have contested the December 1910 general election, but in 1911 he won a by-election in Tyrone North, a seat he held until the constituency was abolished in 1918.
Russell was sworn of the Irish Privy Council in 1908 and created a Baronet, of Olney in the County of Dublin, in 1917. He retired from politics in 1918 and died in Dublin on 2 May 1920, aged 79, when the baronetcy became extinct.

## Arms

Coat of arms of Sir Thomas Russell, 1st Baronet :
| Arms of Russell of Olney | NotesGranted 24 August 1917 by George James Burtchaell, Deputy Ulster King of Arms. CrestA demi-goat salient Gules supporting a garb Or. TorseOf the colours. EscutcheonArgent a lion rampant Gules on a chief wavy Vert a bezant between two garbs Or. MottoI Face The Dawn |
# James Cummings

James Cummings may refer to:
* James Cummings (Ontario politician) (1815–1894), Canadian politician
* James Cummings (police officer) (1878–1976), New Zealand policeman and police commissioner
* James H. Cummings (1890–1979), politician from Tennessee
* James G. Cummings, American white supremacist found with material for a dirty bomb
* Jim Cummings (born 1952), American voice actor and singer
* Jim Cummings (filmmaker) (born 1986), American actor and filmmaker
* Jimmy Cummings (born 1968), American actor and CEO of Broadview Entertainment
* Bart Cummings (James Bartholomew Cummings, 1927–2015), Australian racehorse trainer
* Glen Cummings (politician) (James Glen Cummings, born 1944), politician from Manitoba, Canada
# Choroszcz

Choroszcz is a town in north-eastern Poland, located in Białystok County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, seat of Gmina Choroszcz.
The Baroque palace in Choroszcz was the summer residence of the noble Branicki family, and is now part of the Museum of Polish Interiors. As of December 2021, the town has a population of 5,960.

## History

Choroszcz was granted town rights by King Sigismund I the Old in 1507. It was a private town, administratively located in the Podlaskie Voivodeship in the Lesser Poland Province. Jan Klemens Branicki erected a Baroque palace, which served as the summer residence of the Branicki family. Following the Third Partition of Poland, in 1795, it was annexed by Prussia. In 1807, it passed to the Russian Partition of Poland. Choroszcz was one of the sites of Russian executions of Polish insurgents during the January Uprising. The execution sites are now marked by memorials. Following World War I, Poland regained independence and control of the town.
In 1930, a psychiatric hospital was established in the town.
Following the joint German-Soviet invasion of Poland, which started World War II in September 1939, the town was first occupied by the Soviet Union until 1941, and then by Germany until 1944. In 1940, the Russians closed the psychiatric hospital and deported some patients to the Soviet Union, while others were relocated to the local rectory. In 1941, the Germans massacred several hundred remaining patients of the psychiatric hospital in today's Nowosiółki district as part of Aktion T4.
After the war, it was administratively located in the "large" Białystok Voivodeship until 1975, and then the "small" Białystok Voivodeship until 1998.

## Demographics

Detailed data as of 31 December 2021:
| Description | All | All | Women | Women | Men | Men |
| Unit | person | percentage | person | percentage | person | percentage |
| Population | 5960 | 100 | 2979 | 50.0% | 2981 | 50.0% |
| Population density | 355.0 | 355.0 | 177.5 | 177.5 | 177.5 | 177.5 |
In the 1921 census, 81.2% people declared Polish nationality, 16.2% declared Jewish nationality and 1.8% declared German nationality. Choroszcz had 827 Jewish residents in 1897, and 450 in 1921. Nearly all were murdered in the Holocaust by the Germans during the Second World War.

### Number of inhabitants by year

| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1897 | 2,464 | — |
| 1910 | 2,700 | +9.6% |
| 1921 | 2,405 | −10.9% |
| 1931 | 2,905 | +20.8% |
| 1939 | 3,028 | +4.2% |
| 1950 | 2,700 | −10.8% |
| 1960 | 3,607 | +33.6% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1995 | 5,132 | +42.3% |
| 2000 | 5,679 | +10.7% |
| 2005 | 5,424 | −4.5% |
| 2010 | 5,687 | +4.8% |
| 2015 | 5,789 | +1.8% |
| 2020 | 5,926 | +2.4% |
Source: :
# James B. Carrell

James B. Carrell (born 1940) is an American and Canadian mathematician, who is currently an emeritus professor of mathematics at the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. His areas of research are algebraic geometry, Lie theory, transformation groups and differential geometry.
He obtained his Ph.D. at the University of Washington (Seattle) under the supervision of Allendoefer. In 1971, together with Jean Dieudonné, he received the Leroy P. Steele Prize for the article Invariant theory, old and new.
He proved theorems in Schubert calculus about singularities of Schubert varieties. The Carrell–Liebermann theorem on the zero set of a holomorphic vector field is used in complex algebraic geometry.
He is a fellow of the American Mathematical Society.
# Frans Boels

Frans Boels (c. 1555, Mechelen – 1596, Amsterdam) was a Flemish painter and draftsman, who was active in the Dutch Republic in the latter part of his life. He is mainly known for his landscape paintings with biblical or mythological scenes or hunting parties.

## Life

Not much is known about his life and career. He was born in Mechelen and was a pupil and stepson of Hans Bol who was a successful and versatile landscape painter and draftsman. He was active in Antwerp between 1572 and 1584 and then moved to Amsterdam where he is recorded from 1584 to 1596. He probably left with his stepfather Hans Bol who fled the Southern Netherlands for religious reasons.
In 1593 the Dutch engraver Hendrik Goltzius made a portrait of Hans Bol which he dedicated as a token of friendship to Bol's stepson Frans Boels.

## Work

Frans Boels' known oeuvre is limited. It consists of two dozen works, a majority of them in small format and executed in gouache. The early biographer Karel van Mander mentions in his Schilder-boeck of 1604 that Frans Boels was good at drawing miniature landscapes. Frans Boels' favorite subjects were Biblical or mythological scenes or hunting parties. Some depict groups of merrymaking peasants.
Most of his works are executed in gouache in the style and are of the same quality of those of his master Hans Bol. Some of his gouaches were previously attributed to Hans Bol. In 1588 Frans Boels created various landscapes entitled Mountainous landscape with mythological figures.