OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 123rd IOC Session

The 123rd International Olympic Committee Session (or the 2011 International Olympic Committee Session, the 123rd IOC Session or the 2011 IOC Session) was held in July 2011 at the Inkosi Albert Luthuli International Convention Centre in Durban, South Africa. At the session, Pyeongchang, South Korea was announced as the host city of the 2018 Olympic Winter Games and Paralympic Winter Games.

## Events

The International Olympic Committee officially announced Durban as the host city of the 123rd IOC Session at the 120th IOC Session in Beijing, People's Republic of China on 7 August 2008, before the 2008 Summer Olympics. (In April 2008, the IOC had announced Hong Kong and Durban as the two candidates to host this 2011 IOC Session.)
IOC withdrew recognition of the NOC of the Netherlands Antilles following the formal dissolution of Netherlands Antilles on 10 October 2010. The athletes of the five islands comprising the Netherlands Antilles were allowed to qualify and compete in the 2012 Olympic Games as independent athletes under the Olympic flag.
The sport of floorball was granted full IOC recognition.
2018 Winter Olympics bidding results :
| City | Nation | Round 1 |
| Pyeongchang | South Korea | 63 |
| Munich | Germany | 25 |
| Annecy | France | 7 |
# Jeffries Creek

Jeffries Creek is a tributary and protected watershed and old growth swamp of the Great Pee Dee River in South Carolina. Its headwaters begin just south of Hartsville, South Carolina. It flows through Darlington and Florence counties. The principal significance of this body of water is that it is a primary water shed of the area. The creek is a blackwater creek that flows from the upper to lower coastal plain in a southeasterly direction.
There are several recreational uses of Jeffries Creek. Fishing is commonly seen along the creek, which contains a variety of Sunfish, Warmouth, Large Mouth Bass, Common Sucker, Pike and Gar. Being an old growth swamp, many species of Warblers and Wood Peckers can be spotted
It has an abundance of wildlife such as rabbits, wild ducks, muskrats, beaver, hawks and owls, and numerous species of snakes, such as Nerodia
# Johnson River (Minnesota)

The Johnson River is a river of Minnesota.
# Sacral dimple

A sacral dimple (also termed pilonidal dimple or spinal dimple) is a small depression in the skin, located just above the buttocks. The name comes from the sacrum, the bone at the end of the spine, over which the dimples are found. A sacral dimple is defined as a midline dimple less than 5 mm in diameter and no further than 2.5 cm from the anus without associated visible drainage or hairy tuft.
Sacral dimples are common benign congenital anomalies found in up to 4% of the population. Other common benign congenital anomalies include supernumerary digits, third nipples and natal teeth. Most sacral dimple cases are minor and do not relate to any underlying medical problem, but some can result from disease, notably spina bifida. If so, this is usually the spina bifida occulta form, which is the least serious kind.
Simple dimples are typically small, measuring less than 5 mm in size. They are positioned in the midline, within 2.5 cm of the anus, and do not have any other associated skin abnormalities. Atypical dimples, on the other hand, have different characteristics. They are larger than 5 mm in size and are located within 2.5 cm of the anus. Atypical dimples can also be deep, positioned above the gluteal crease, located outside the midline, or occur as multiple dimples.
Sacral dimples are often spotted in post-natal checks by pediatricians, who can check:
* whether the floor of the dimple is covered with skin;
* whether there is a tuft of hair in the dimple;
* whether there are potentially related problems such as weak lower limbs;
* the distance from the buttocks to the dimple.
For clinicians dealing with infants who have sacral dimples, it is essential to be aware of the characteristics of atypical dimples. Careful examinations should be conducted to identify any atypical features in order to appropriately manage and refer these cases in clinical practice. Understanding the distinction between simple and atypical sacral dimples is crucial for pediatric practitioners because of the potential association with occult spinal dysraphism (OSD). The pooled incidence of OSD in patients with an atypical dimple, as observed in several studies, was significantly higher (8.8%) compared to patients with a simple dimple (0.6%). Given this increased risk, infants with atypical dimples require further evaluation through radiologic imaging and early referrals to neurosurgical specialists. Prompt identification and appropriate management of atypical dimples can help ensure timely intervention and improved outcomes for infants with potential underlying spinal abnormalities.
A sacral dimple could also indicate a kidney problem of a kind that can be checked with an ultrasound.

## Classification

One study assign sacral dimples ICD9CM code of 685.1, alongside "pilonidal cyst without mentioning of abscess".
# George M. O'Brien

George Miller O'Brien (June 17, 1917 – July 17, 1986) was a Republican member of the United States House of Representatives. He represented Illinois' 17th and 4th districts from 1973 until his death from prostate cancer in Bethesda, Maryland in 1986.
O'Brien was born in Chicago, Illinois to a middle-class Irish Catholic family. He attended a private Catholic school before entering Northwestern University. He was a member of the Sigma Chi Fraternity. O'Brien earned a law degree from Yale Law School in 1947. However, he did not get to practice law until returning from World War II. During the war, O'Brien rose to the rank of lieutenant colonel while fighting in Germany. Beginning in 1946, he practiced law privately. In 1970, he was appointed to the state's Legislative Advisory Committee, and in 1971 he was elected to the Illinois House of Representatives.
After just one term in the state House, O'Brien successfully ran for Congress in 1973. O'Brien was a centrist who was popular among members of both parties. Following redistricting in 1982, he and fellow Republican Ed Derwinski were drawn into the same district. The redrawn district retained Derwinski's number, the 4th, and Derwinski had 14 years more seniority than O'Brien. However, the new district was geographically more O'Brien's district than Derwinski's. O'Brien won the primary, and then general elections. In April 1986, O'Brien discovered that he had prostate cancer, which forced him to give up his bid for an eighth term. He succumbed to the disease just two months later. Fellow Illinois Republican Congressman John E. Grotberg too died of cancer just four months later.
# François de La Mothe Le Vayer

François de La Mothe Le Vayer (French:, August 1588 – 9 May 1672), was a French writer who was known to use the pseudonym Orosius Tubero. He was admitted to the Académie française in 1639, and was the tutor of Louis XIV.

## Early years

Le Vayer was born and died in Paris, a member of a noble family of Maine. His father was an avocat at the parlement of Paris and author of a curious treatise on the functions of ambassadors, entitled Legatus, seu De legatorum privilegiis, officio et munere libellus (1579) and illustrated mainly from ancient history. Francois succeeded his father at the parlement, but gave up his post around 1647 and devoted himself to travel and belles lettres.

## Literary career

His Considérations sur l'éloquence française (1638) procured him admission to the Académie française, and his De l'instruction de Mgr. le Dauphin (1640) attracted the attention of Richelieu. In 1649 Anne of Austria entrusted him with the education of her second son and subsequently with the completion of Louis XIV's education, which had been very much neglected. The outcome of his pedagogic labors was a series of books comprising the Géographie, Rhétorique, Morale, Economique, Politique, Logique, and Physique du prince (1651–1658).
The king rewarded his tutor by appointing him historiographer of France and councillor of state. La Mothe Le Vayer inherited of Marie de Gournay's library, itself transmitted from Michel de Montaigne.
Modest, skeptical, and occasionally obscene in his Latin pieces and in his verses, he made himself a persona grata at the French court, where libertinism in ideas and morals was hailed with relish. Besides his educational works, he wrote Jugement sur les anciens et principaux historiens grecs et latins (1646); a treatise entitled Du peu de certitude qu'il y a en histoire (1668), which in a sense marks the beginning of historical criticism in France; and sceptical Dialogues, published posthumously under the pseudonym of Orasius Tubero. An incomplete edition of his works was published at Dresden in 1756–1759. He was instrumental is popularizing Skepticism and Sextus Empiricus in particular whom he called "the divine Sexte" (a near blasphemy in Catholic France at the time of the Sun-King, which cost him a higher office of State).
Molière was his close friend and it is rumored that much of the iconoclastic satire of his plays were inspired by Le Vayer's erudite and savage (if carefully hidden) criticism of religious hypocrisy. This can be seen, for example, in the second version of his masterpiece Tartuffe (1667) which, according to Robert McBride, La Mothe Le Vayer defended in a caustic and anonymous Lettre sur la comédie de l'Imposteur (1667) against the religious faction at Louis XIV's court. Michel Foucault used this work as an important material in his famous essay "Governmentality."
# Brian Turner

Brian Turner may refer to:
* Brian Turner (American poet) (born 1967), American poet, essayist, and professor
* Brian Turner (New Zealand poet) (1944–2025), New Zealand poet and field hockey player
* Brian Turner (drummer), drummer for the Seattle-based band Schoolyard Heroes
* Brian Turner (chef) (born 1946), British celebrity chef
* Brian Turner (footballer, born 1930), Australian footballer for Richmond
* Brian Turner (footballer, born 1933) (1933–2024), Australian footballer for Collingwood and North Melbourne
* Brian Turner (footballer, born 1936) (1936–1999), English football (soccer) player
* Brian Turner (footballer, born 1949), New Zealand international football (soccer) player
* Brian Turner (soccer, born 1952) (1952–2010), Australian football (soccer) player
* Brian Turner (cricketer) (1938–2015), played cricket for Yorkshire CCC
* B. Kevin Turner (born 1964/65), American businessman at Wal-Mart and Microsoft
* Brian Turner (politician), Member of the North Carolina House of Representatives
# Allemane

Allemane is a French surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Benoît Allemane (1942–2025), French actor, mostly voice actor
* Gaston Allemane (1903–1989), French politician
* Jean Allemane (1843–1935), French socialist politician, pioneer of syndicalism
* Olivier Allemane [fr] (born 1959), French painter
* Pierre Allemane (1882–1956), French footballer
# Pressure-fed engine

The pressure-fed engine is a class of rocket engine designs. A separate gas supply, usually helium, pressurizes the propellant tanks to force fuel and oxidizer to the combustion chamber. To maintain adequate flow, the tank pressures must exceed the combustion chamber pressure.
Pressure fed engines have simple plumbing and have no need for complex and occasionally unreliable turbopumps. A typical startup procedure begins with opening a valve, often a one-shot pyrotechnic device, to allow the pressurizing gas to flow through check valves into the propellant tanks. Then the propellant valves in the engine itself are opened. If the fuel and oxidizer are hypergolic, they burn on contact; non-hypergolic fuels require an igniter. Multiple burns can be conducted by merely opening and closing the propellant valves as needed. If the pressurization system also has activating valves, they can be operated electrically, or by gas pressure controlled by smaller electrically operated valves.
Care must be taken, especially during long burns, to avoid excessive cooling of the pressurizing gas due to adiabatic expansion. Cold helium won't liquify, but it could freeze a propellant, decrease tank pressures, or damage components not designed for low temperatures. The Apollo Lunar Module Descent Propulsion System was unusual in storing its helium in a supercritical but very cold state. It was warmed as it was withdrawn through a heat exchanger from the ambient temperature fuel.
Spacecraft attitude control and orbital maneuvering thrusters are almost universally pressure-fed designs. Examples include the Reaction Control (RCS) and the Orbital Maneuvering (OMS) engines of the Space Shuttle orbiter; the RCS and Service Propulsion System (SPS) engines on the Apollo Command/Service Module; the SuperDraco (in-flight abort) and Draco (RCS) engines on the SpaceX Dragon 2; and the RCS, ascent and descent engines on the Apollo Lunar Module.
Some launcher upper stages also use pressure-fed engines. These include the Aerojet AJ10 and TRW TR-201 used in the second stage of Delta II launch vehicle, and the Kestrel engine of the Falcon 1 by SpaceX.
The 1960s Sea Dragon concept by Robert Truax for a big dumb booster would have used pressure-fed engines.
Pressure-fed engines have practical limits on propellant pressure, which in turn limits combustion chamber pressure. High pressure propellant tanks require thicker walls and stronger materials which make the vehicle tanks heavier, thereby reducing performance and payload capacity. The lower stages of launch vehicles often use either solid fuel or pump-fed liquid fuel engines instead, where high pressure ratio nozzles are considered desirable.
Other vehicles or companies using pressure-fed engine:
* OTRAG (rocket)
* Quad (rocket) of Armadillo Aerospace
* XCOR EZ-Rocket of XCOR Aerospace
* Masten Space Systems
* Aquarius Launch Vehicle
* NASA's Project Morpheus prototype lander
* NASA Mighty Eagle mini lunar lander
* CONAE's Tronador II upper stage
* Copenhagen Suborbitals' Spica
# Too Late to Worry, Too Blue to Cry (song)

"Too Late to Worry, Too Blue to Cry" is a 1942 song by Al Dexter. It was recorded on March 18, 1942 at the CBS Studio at Radio Station KNX, Sunset Blvd., Hollywood, California with session musicians Frank Marvin, Johnny Bond and Dick Reinhart.

## Released and ranking

It was released on Okeh records #6718 on February 6, 1944, paired with "So Long Pal". It went to number one on the Folk Juke Box charts for two weeks and stayed on the charts for a total of thirty weeks.

## Cover versions

* A cover by Glen Campbell reached No. 76 on the US pop chart in 1962 and was the title song of a Campbell album in 1963.
* Esther Phillips reached No. 121 on Billboard in 1969.
* A cover by Ronnie Milsap peaked at number six on the Billboard Hot Country Singles chart in 1975. His version was also a minor pop hit, reaching #101 Billboard and #87 Cash Box.
# John Webb Dillon

John Webb Dillon aka Jack Dillion (6 February 1877 – 20 December 1949) was an English actor. He appeared in more than 80 films between 1911 and 1947. He was born in London and died in Hollywood, California, US. He was married to Catherine Urlau.

## Selected filmography

* The Woman's Law (1916)
* Romeo and Juliet (1916)
* The Primitive Call (1917)
* The Darling of Paris (1917)
* The Tiger Woman (1917)
* Heart and Soul (1917)
* The House of Hate (1918)
* Joan of Plattsburg (1918)
* A Scream in the Night (1919)
* Trailed by Three (1920)
* The Law of the Yukon (1920)
* The Inner Chamber (1921)
* Jane Eyre (1921)
* Speed (1922)
* The Mohican's Daughter (1922)
* The Rapids (1922)
* Married People (1922)
* Tiger Thompson (1924)
* The Devil's Cargo (1925)
* The Air Mail (1925)
* The Great Jewel Robbery (1925)
* The Seventh Bandit (1926)
* Snowed In (1926)
* The House Without a Key (1926)
* The Trail of the Tiger (1927)
* The Tiger's Shadow (1928)
* Dry Martini (1928)
* The Black Book (1929)
* The Cisco Kid (1931)
* Sally of the Subway (1932)
# Eboni

Eboni is a female given name. Notable people with this name include:
* Eboni Booth, American playwright and actress
* Eboni Boykin, public figure
* Eboni Deon, American meteorologist
* Eboni Foster, member of Nuttin' Nyce
* Eboni Stocks, winner of Australia's Next Top Model (season 2)
* Eboni Usoro-Brown (born 1988), English netball player
* Eboni K. Williams (born 1983), American celebrity
# MV Skagit

MV Skagit was a Skagit Kalama-class passenger ferry originally operated by Washington State Ferries (WSF) from 1989–2009 and then in Tanzania until her sinking in Zanzibar in July 2012.

## Operational history

Skagit and MV Kalama were the only two ships of their class in the WSF fleet. Together they served on the Seattle-Vashon Island route (see King County Water Taxi). In 2006, WSF was directed to end its passenger-only service, and in 2011 Skagit and Kalama were sold and transported to Tanzania to provide service between the mainland and Zanzibar.

## Sinking

On July 18, 2012, the vessel sank near Chumbe Island while in ferry service in Tanzania. After departing Dar es Salaam bound for Unguja Island (Zanzibar) with more than 250 people on board, the ship struggled in rough seas and sank approximately 10 kilometers (6.2 mi) from Unguja. At least 146 were rescued while as many as 150 were still missing after a day of rescue operations. Early reports attributed the disaster to high winds and overloading of passengers. The ship was certified for a maximum capacity of 250 yet officials said it had 290 aboard at the time.

## Outcome

The Zanzibar government blamed the disaster on the ship operating over too long of a distance, and the island's transportation minister resigned. In addition, vessels had been warned not to make the crossing because of the high seas, according to Tanzania's chief meteorologist. After Skagit's loss, Zanzibar barred sister ship MV Kalama from operating and later "deleted" her and three other ferries from its list of sea vessels for safety reasons.
# Acharagma roseanum

Acharagma roseanum is a succulent cactus native to a small area of mountains of southeastern Coahuila and Nuevo León, Mexico. It grows on rocky limestone hills and xerophytic shrubland. Its name is often misspelled as "Roseana".

## Description

Acharagma roseanum forms individual, small, soft bodied cacti that form clusters over time. The plant's specific physical characteristics are: The stem is 4–6 cm (1.6–2.4 in) tall, 1.5–5 cm (0.59–1.97 in) wide with spines that are white-yellow to gold color. The warts stand in rows and are up to 0.3 centimeters long. The 4 to 6 yellow central spines are very similar to the marginal spines or are slightly curved and are 1 to 2 centimeters long. The 15 to 30 marginal spines are yellowish to brownish and 0.8 to 1.5 centimeters long. The flowers are pink to bronze with a dark reddish central stripe or cream flowers on the top of the stem, 1.5–2 cm (0.59–0.79 in) in diameter.

### Subspecies

| Image | Name | Description | Distribution |
| | Acharagma roseanum subsp. galeanense (Haugg) D.R.Hunt | It was first described in 1995 as Escobaria roseana subsp. galeanensis by Erich Haugg. David Richard Hunt introduced the species as a subspecies of Acharagma roseanum in 2002. The subspecies has a cylindrical body up to 6 centimeters high, the central thorns are indistinguishable from the marginal thorns, the number of thorns is 30 in total, cream-colored flowers up to 1.5 centimeters long. | Mexico (Coahuila) |
| | Acharagma roseanum subsp. roseanum | The nominate form has an ovoid body up to 4 centimeters high, 4 to 6 central thorns, about 15 marginal thorns, pink flowers up to 2 centimeters long. | Mexico (Nuevo León) |

## Distribution

Acharagma roseanum is widespread in the Mexican states of Coahuila, Nuevo León and San Luis Potosí.

## Taxonomy

The first description was made in 1928 as Echinocactus roseanus by Friedrich Bödeker. The specific epithet roseanum honors the American botanist Joseph Nelson Rose. Edward Frederick Anderson placed the species in the genus Acharagma in 1999.
Synonyms are the following described species: Echinocactus roseanus Boed. (1928), Neoloydia roseanus (Boed.) F.M.Knuth (1936), Thelocactus roseanus (Boed.) W.T.Marshall (1941), Escobaria roseana (Boed.) Buxb. (1951), Coryphantha roseana (Boed.) Moran (1953) and Gymnocactus roseanus (Boed.) Glas & R.A.Foster (1970).
# Knutsford Hotel

The Knutsford Hotel was an upscale hotel on the northeast corner of State Street and Third South (Broadway) in Salt Lake City, Utah. Historically, the site had been the location of the camp where the Mormons had planted their first crops.
The Knutsford Hotel was built in downtown Salt Lake City in 1891. The architects were the Omaha-based firm of Mendelssohn, Fisher and Lawrie. The general contractors, also from Omaha, were Rocheford & Gould. The hotel was a 132-foot-by-132-foot Victorian-influenced structure built primarily of granite at a cost of $750,000. The hotel had 250 rooms and was advertised as being completely fireproof. The hotel's unique name was in honor of the owner's birthplace in Knutsford, Cheshire, England. Gustavus S. Holmes was a one-time owner and operator of The Knutsford. Holmes also owned The Angelus in Los Angeles, California and would often advertise the hotels together. In 1912, The Knutsford was remodeled and converted into The Auerbach department store. The building housed the Sears Roebuck company's department store from 1928 to 1933.
The building was demolished in 1935 and replaced by new commercial buildings and a theatre.
# Bindunuwewa massacre

The Bindunuwewa Massacre or Bindunuwewa Prison Massacre took place on 24 October 2000, at a detention centre of Bindunuwewa, Sri Lanka, resulting in the deaths of 26 minority Tamil political prisoners by a mob of Sinhalese.

## Camp

The low-security detention centre was established to house former LTTE cadres. Of the 26 killed, two were under the age of 21 and the rest were between 21 and 30.

## Massacre

On 24 October 2000, a mob of a few hundred villagers armed with knives, rods and torches stormed the detention centre. The Sri Lankan Army detachment that was posted there had been withdrawn the previous day, for unknown reasons.
Once the massacre started, the posted police personnel refused to intervene to stop it.

## Government response

Initially, the government responded by saying that the detainees had rioted and that the massacre was an outcome of an attempt to control the rioting. Then it was claimed that the police were unable to protect the detainees in the face of superior mob force. Eventually, the government charged a few police officers with a crime. Most were initially convicted of murder, only to be released by the Sri Lankan Supreme Court in 2005.

## Theories

A number of theories have been postulated to explain the massacre:
* It was organised by local Sinhala nationalist political activists with the connivance of Sri Lankan Army and police personnel.
* It was a reaction by the local villagers who resented the detention centre in their neighborhood.
* It was organised by the military establishment to thwart an attempt by the detainees to go on hunger strike in the subsequent days to protest their detention.