OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Stefano Pozza

Stefano Pozza (born 6 August 1987 in Schio) is an Italian football defender who currently plays for Real Vicenza.

## Caps on Italian Series

Serie C2 : 20 Caps, 1 Goal
Serie D : 74 Caps, 4 Goals
# Four of Arrows

Professional ratings :
| Aggregate scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Metacritic | 77/100 |
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| The Line of Best Fit | 90/100 |
| Exclaim! | 80/100 |
| Under the Radar | 7.5/10 |
| Pitchfork | 7.4/10 |
Four of Arrows is the second full-length album by American indie rock group Great Grandpa.
# Všeruby (Plzeň-North District)

Všeruby (Czech pronunciation:; German: Wscherau) is a town in Plzeň-North District in the Plzeň Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 1,700 inhabitants.

## Administrative division

Všeruby consists of seven municipal parts (in brackets population according to the 2021 census):
* Všeruby (1,286)
* Chrančovice (119)
* Chrástov (9)
* Klenovice (73)
* Kokořov (54)
* Popovice (24)
* Radimovice (50)

## Geography

Všeruby is located about 15 kilometres (9 mi) northwest of Plzeň. It lies in the Plasy Uplands. The highest point is at 540 m (1,770 ft) above sea level. The Třemošná River flows through the town.

## History

The first written mention of Všeruby is from 1212. Until 1945, most of the inhabitants were ethnic Germans. In 1945, the German population was expelled.

## Demographics

| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1869 | 2,179 | — |
| 1880 | 2,144 | −1.6% |
| 1890 | 2,140 | −0.2% |
| 1900 | 2,124 | −0.7% |
| 1910 | 2,053 | −3.3% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1921 | 1,892 | −7.8% |
| 1930 | 1,971 | +4.2% |
| 1950 | 952 | −51.7% |
| 1961 | 1,041 | +9.3% |
| 1970 | 858 | −17.6% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1980 | 957 | +11.5% |
| 1991 | 956 | −0.1% |
| 2001 | 986 | +3.1% |
| 2011 | 1,227 | +24.4% |
| 2021 | 1,615 | +31.6% |
Source: Censuses :

## Transport

The I/20 road (part of the European route E49) from Plzeň to Karlovy Vary passes through the municipal territory.

## Sights

The main landmark of the town centre is the Church of the Holy Spirit. Originally a Gothic church from the second half of the 14th century, it was rebuilt in the Renaissance style in the second half of the 16th century.
The Church of Saint Martin is located in the area of the former gord. It is a Romanesque church from the second half of the 12th century. The chancel was added in the Gothic-Renaissance period and rebuilt in 1684.
The Chapel of Saint John of Nepomuk is a valuable small Baroque building. It dates from around 1760.

## Notable people

* Carola Braunbock (1924–1978), German actress
* Franz Metzner (1870–1919), German sculptor
# Charlie Ditchfield

John Charles Ditchfield (10 July 1870 – 1947) was an English footballer who played in the Football League for Accrington and Manchester City.
# Brother Nature (film)

Brother Nature is a 2016 American comedy film directed by Osmany Rodriguez and Matt Villines, from a screenplay by Mikey Day, Cameron Fay, and Taran Killam. It stars Killam, Bobby Moynihan, Gillian Jacobs, Rita Wilson and Bill Pullman. The film was released in a limited release and through video on demand on September 9, 2016, by Insurge Pictures and Samuel Goldwyn Films.
The film was originally titled Brother in Laws.
It is the last film by Insurge Pictures, as the company was absorbed into Paramount Pictures the year before the film's release.

## Plot

Straight-laced Roger hopes to propose to his girlfriend during a weekend family getaway, but his overbearing would-be brother-in-law might get in the way.

## Cast

* Taran Killam as Roger Fellner
* Bobby Moynihan as Todd Dotchman
* Gillian Jacobs as Gwen Turley
* Rita Wilson as Cathy Turley
* Bill Pullman as Jerry Turley
* Kumail Nanjiani as Riggleman
* Kenan Thompson as Miesha
* Rachael Harris as Aunt Pam
* Sarah Burns as Margie Turley
* Sarah Baker as Shannon
* David Wain as Uncle Mel
* Ellen Bloodworth as Grandma Hibby
* Giancarlo Esposito as Congressman Frank McClaren
* Jonah Kellams as Cousin Cody
* Ethan Harmon as Cousin Spencer
* Julian F. Grijalva as George Washington
* Mikey Day as Thomas Jefferson
* Tim Robinson as Ben Franklin
* Sam Grey as John Adams
* Noor Shic as Riggleman's Mom
* Mike O'Brien as Nick
* Aidy Bryant as Dana Curlman
* Benny Morinishi as Micah

## Production

In August 2014, it was announced Taran Killam, Bill Pullman, Rachael Harris, Rita Wilson, David Wain, and Bobby Moynihan had joined the cast of the film, with Matt Villines and Osmany Rodriguez directing from a screenplay by Killam, Cameron Fay, and Mikey Day, and Lorne Michaels serving as producer under his Broadway Video banner.

## Release

The film was released in a limited release and through video on demand on September 9, 2016.
# Avchitgad

18°28′26.8″N 73°7′7.1″E﻿ / ﻿18.474111°N 73.118639°E﻿ / 18.474111; 73.118639
Avchitgad (Marathi: अवचितगड) is a fort located in the Sahyadri ranges of Maharashtra. The fort is situated near Roha in the Raigad district. At the base of this fort is a village called Medha and Padam - Kharapti.

## History

This fort is believed to be built by Shilahar kings and subsequently used by the Nizam of Ahmednagar. The great Maratha king Chhatrapati Shivaji is also believed to have reconstructed this fort. The work was carried out in a hurry and hence the name 'Avchit' (hurry) 'gad' (fort). In the Third Anglo-Maratha War, this fort was won over by Colonel Prother from the Peshwas in February 1818 along with other forts in the neighboring region.

## How to reach

The approximate height of this fort is 977 feet. The nearest railway station is Roha and Nidi. The Padam - Kharapti, Pingalsai and Medha village are well accessible by road. There are three routes to reach the fort. One route starts from the village Padam - Kharapti, Another route starts from the village Pingalsi, it takes 2 hours to reach the fort and the other route is from village Medha, which takes about 1hr. to reach the fort top. It is a fairly easy trek from Padam - Kharapti, the route passes through the jungle up to the fort. the route from Padam - Kharapti is good for Trekking and hiking here the villagers are really co-operative, The route from Padam - Kharapti is Jungle lore and enjoying. The route from Medhe village begins from a big well called "Haud". The water from this well is potable. Both the routes meet at a saddle-shaped hill. There is a small Devi temple at the col. From the top of the fort there are views of the neighboring forts of Talagad, Telbaila, Sarasgad, Ghangad, Sudhagad, Raigad and Savashnagad.

## Places to visit

The fort has a large dodecagonal-shaped cistern which was used mainly for bathing and washing purposes. Nearby this cistern there are 6 smaller cisterns which have potable water. A small temple of the Pingalsai goddess is also situated atop. The main gate is also in good condition. There are four cannons on the top of the fort. There are two good bastions one at the northern end and the other at the southern end. There is an inscription on the southern bastion which says " Shri ganeshayanama Shri jayadev shake 1718 Nal Nam samvatsarae Chaitra shudha pratipada"
There is a dense forest around the entire fort with leopards, monkeys, and foxes.
# List of bands from Newcastle-upon-Tyne

This article features a list of notable bands and musicians from Newcastle upon Tyne, and may also include some bands and musicians from the wider Tyneside conurbation.

## List of notable bands

* Alex Kapranos of Franz Ferdinand (partly raised in South Shields)
* Andy Taylor of Duran Duran (from Cullercoats)
* Angelic Upstarts
* Ant & Dec
* Atomkraft, thrash metal
* Brian Johnson of AC/DC and Geordie
* Bridie Jackson and the Arbour, winner of the Glastonbury Festival Emerging Talent Competition 2013
* Bryan Ferry of Roxy Music was born in Washington, County Durham but attended school in Newcastle and is a fan of Newcastle United
* Bruce Welch of the Shadows
* Cheryl of Girls Aloud
* Chris McCormack from 3 Colours Red
* Demob Happy
* Drill
* Dubstar (from Jesmond)
* Eric Burdon
* Friends of Harry
* Geordie
* Goldie
* Hank Marvin of the Shadows
* Hellbastard
* Hurrah!
* Jade Thirlwall of Little Mix
* James Ray
* Jimmy Nail
* Kathryn Williams (originally from Liverpool), she is now based in Newcastle after studying at the Newcastle University.
* Lanterns on the Lake
* The Lighthouse Family
* Lindisfarne
* Little Comets
* Mark Knopfler guitarist, singer, and founder member of Dire Straits. Although born in Glasgow, his family moved to Northumberland when he was young and he attended school in Newcastle.
* Matthew Healy of the alternative rock band the 1975. Although born in London, was brought up in Prudhoe
* Maxïmo Park
* The Motorettes
* Nadine Shah
* Neil Tennant of the Pet Shop Boys (born in North Shields, schooled in Newcastle)
* The Orange Lights
* Peace Burial at Sea
* Penetration
* Perrie Edwards of Little Mix
* Phase, switched their base to Newcastle in 2013.
* Prefab Sprout
* Prelude, from Gateshead
* Punishment of Luxury
* Raven
* Richard Dawson
* Sam Fender
* Sandhill
* Satan
* Sharks Took the Rest
* Sirens
* Spike
* Sting (from Wallsend)
* TCHOTCHKE
* Tygers of Pan Tang
* Venom
* volta
* Warfare
* The Whodlums – a Who tribute band
* The Wildhearts
* YFriday
* yourcodenameis:milo
* Zoviet France
# Acute muscle soreness

Acute muscle soreness (AMS) is the pain felt in muscles during and immediately, up to 24 hours, after strenuous physical exercise. The pain appears within a minute of contracting the muscle and it will disappear within two or three minutes or up to several hours after relaxing it.
There are two causes of acute muscle soreness:
* Accumulation of chemical end products of exercise in muscle cells such as lactic acid and H$^+$
* Muscle fatigue (the muscle tires and cannot contract anymore)

## Cause

Muscle soreness can stem from strain on the sarcomere, the muscle's functional unit, due to the mechanism of activation of the unit by the nerves, which accumulates calcium that further degrades sarcomeres. This degradation initiates the body inflammatory response, and has to be supported by surrounding connective tissues. The inflammatory cells and cytokines stimulate the pain receptors that cause the acute pain associated with AMS. Repair of the sarcomere and the surrounding connective tissue leads to delayed onset muscle soreness, which peaks between 24 and 72 hours after exercise.
AMS may also be caused by cramping following strenuous exercise, which has been theorized to be caused by two pathways:
* Dehydration
* Electrolyte imbalance

### Dehydration

The dehydration theory states that extracellular fluid (ECF) compartment becomes contracted due to the excessive sweating, causing the volume to decrease to the point until the muscles are contracted until the fluids can re-inhabit the vacuum. Excessive sweating can also cause the electrolyte imbalance theory, which is sweating disturbs the body's balance of electrolyte, which results in exciting motor neurons and spontaneous discharge.
The feeling of soreness can also be attributed to the lack of contraction from the muscle, which can lead to overexertion of the muscle. The decrease in contraction has been theorized to have been caused by the high level of concentrations of proton created by glycolysis. Excess in protons displaces calcium ions which is used within the fibers in activating the sarcomere, resulting in a reduced contractile force.

### Electrolyte imbalance

When exercising, lactic acid becomes lactate and H+ through glycolysis. With more lactic acid consumed during the process, there will be a higher H+ concentration, thus lowering the blood’s pH level. This low pH level will affect the energy production process through the inhibition of phosphofructokinase. Phosphofructokinase is a key enzyme in the glycolytic process, which produces energy. A higher concentration of H+ will also cause the loss of contractile force through the misplacement of calcium in muscle fiber, which will disturb the formation of the actin-myosin cross-bridge.

## Treatments

There is conflicting research in terms of treatments of muscle soreness.

### Stretching and muscle soreness

Stretching immediately before or after a workout does provide some help, but is not significant enough to be considered as a preventative measure.
# Technetium star

A technetium star, or more properly a Tc-rich star, is a star whose stellar spectrum contains absorption lines of the radioactive metal technetium. The most stable isotope of technetium is $^{97}$Tc with a half-life of 4.21 million years: too short a time to last for the age of the Earth (about 4.5 billion years). Therefore, the detection in 1952 of technetium in stellar spectra, was unambiguous proof of nucleosynthesis in stars, one of the more extreme cases being R Geminorum.
Stars containing technetium belong to the class of asymptotic giant branch stars (AGB)—stars that are like red giants, but with a slightly higher luminosity, and which burn hydrogen in an inner shell. Members of this class of stars switch to helium shell burning with an interval of some 100,000 years, in "dredge-ups". Technetium stars belong to the classes M, MS, S, SC and C-N. They are most often variable stars of the long period variable types.
Current research indicates that the presence of technetium in AGB stars occurs after some evolution and that a significant number of these stars do not exhibit the metal in their spectra. The presence of technetium seems to be related to the "third dredge-up" in the history of the stars. In between the thermal pulses of these RGB stars, heavy elements are formed in the region between the hydrogen and helium fusing shells via the slow neutron capture process; the s-process. The materials are then brought to the surface via deep convection events. $^{99}$Tc, an isotope with a half-life of only 200,000 years, is produced in AGB stars and brought to the surface during thermal pulses. Its presence is taken as a reliable indicator that a third dredge-up has taken place.
# Aflou

Aflou (Berber language: Aflu, Arabic: أفلو) is a town and commune in Laghouat Province, Algeria. It is located in the Amour Range of the Saharan Atlas, at an elevation of 1,426 m (4,678 ft), which makes it one of the highest towns in Algeria. Aflou is the capital of Aflou District. Its population in 1998 was 48,000.

## Localities of the commune

The commune of Aflou is composed of 6 localities:
* Ville d'Aflou
* el amour
* El Frachiche
* Béni Moukha
* Rahmania
* Ouled Sidi Bouabdallah
* Ouled Sidi Khaled
# Aradóttir

Aradóttir is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Guðbjörg Aradóttir, Icelandic entomologist
* Helga Aradóttir (1538–1614), Icelandic person
# Stary Kiączyn

Stary Kiączyn is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Stawiszyn, within Kalisz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. It lies approximately 3 kilometres (2 mi) north-east of Stawiszyn, 20 km (12 mi) north of Kalisz, and 98 km (61 mi) south-east of the regional capital Poznań.
# Alton and Southern Railway

The Alton and Southern Railway (reporting mark ALS) is a switching railroad in the Greater St. Louis area in Illinois. It is a wholly owned subsidiary of the Union Pacific Railroad.

## Overview

The Alton and Southern Railroad was formed in 1910, and in 1913 it absorbed the Denverside Connecting Railway (founded in 1910), and the Alton and Southern Railway (founded in 1911). The company was operated as a subsidiary of the Aluminum Ore Company, which was itself a subsidiary of the Aluminum Company of America (Alcoa), to serve the Bayer process bauxite-to-alumina refinery at Alorton, Illinois.
Alcoa sold the line to the Missouri Pacific Railroad and Chicago and North Western Railway (CNW) in 1968, and it was reorganized as the Alton and Southern Railway. In 1972, CNW's share was sold to the St. Louis Southwestern Railway. In 1982, the Union Pacific Railroad (UP) took ownership of the Missouri Pacific share and then became full owner in 1996 with the acquisition of SSW parent Southern Pacific Transportation Company. The Alton and Southern is still a legally separate entity but is wholly owned by UP.
# Emerald Empire Hempfest

Emerald Empire Hempfest is a cannabis festival in Eugene, Oregon, in the United States.
The festival has been held on the third weekend in July since 2003. The event is free at attend.
In 2016, the festival's executive director, Dan Koozer, filed a petition in Lane County Circuit Court after being denied permission to host the event at Maurie Jacobs Park.
# Nils Priestley

Nils Oscar Priestley (born 18 September 2000) is an English cricketer. He attended Abbotsholme School and is a graduate of the Cricket Derbyshire Academy in partnership with the University of Derby. In 2023, he completed a degree at Loughborough University, having enrolled on the Loughborough MCCU programme.
He made his List A debut on 22 July 2021, for Derbyshire in the 2021 Royal London One-Day Cup.
# David Fell (cricketer)

David John Fell (born 27 October 1964) is an English former cricketer.
Fell was born at Stafford in May 1963, and was educated at the John Lyon School, before going up to Trinity College, Cambridge. While studying at Cambridge, he made his debut in first-class cricket for Cambridge University against Essex at Fenner's in 1985. He played first-class cricket for Cambridge until 1987, making 25 appearances. Playing as a batsman, he scored 963 runs at an average of 24.07 in his 25 matches for Cambridge, with a high score of 114. This score, which was one of two first-class centuries he made, came against Sussex, while his other first-class century, a score of 109 not out came against Nottinghamshire. He also made two first-class appearances for a combined Oxford and Cambridge Universities cricket team against the touring New Zealanders in 1986, and the touring Pakistanis in 1987. In addition to playing first-class cricket while at Cambridge, he also made eight List A one-day appearances for the Combined Universities cricket team, making four appearances apiece in the 1985 and 1986 Benson & Hedges Cup, scoring 112 runs with a high score of 44.
# Segreganset River

The Segreganset River is a small river in Bristol County, Massachusetts that flows 9.6 miles (15.4 km) in a southeasterly direction through Taunton and Dighton into the Taunton River. Named tributaries include the Maple Swamp, Poppasquash Swamp, Sunken Brook and Cedar Swamp.
The USGS maintains a gaging station on the Segreganset River near Center Street in Dighton.
# Tien Chiu-chin

Tien Chiu-chin (Chinese: 田秋堇; pinyin: Tián Qiūjǐn; born 27 May 1954) is a Taiwanese politician. She served in the Legislative Yuan from 2005 to 2016, and later that year became the deputy minister of the Overseas Community Affairs Council. Tien was nominated a member of the Control Yuan in 2018.

## Education

Tien graduated from National Taiwan University with a bachelor's degree in philosophy.

## Political career

Tien won three straight elections on the Democratic Progressive Party party-list proportional representation ticket in 2004, 2008, and 2012. She was named deputy minister of the Overseas Community Affairs Council in 2016, and nominated by the Tsai Ing-wen presidential administration to the Control Yuan in March 2017. During her legislative confirmation hearing in January 2018, she expressed conditional agreement to the abolition of the Control Yuan. Tien's nomination, alongside ten others, was approved by the Legislative Yuan, as the Democratic Progressive Party held a majority. Tien was renominated to the Control Yuan in June 2020.
# Heimaey stave church

Heimaey Stave Church (Stafkirkjan) is a close replica of Haltdalen stave church situated in the Skansinn area of the harbour of Vestmannaeyjabær on Heimaey, Vestmannaeyjar, Iceland.

## History

The church was completed on July 30, 2000, and was a gift from Norway to Iceland in connection with the millennial anniversary of the conversion of Iceland to Christianity by Olav Tryggvason in the year 1000. Developing from a suggestion by the Icelandic government, the Norwegian state presented Iceland with a replica of the Haltdalen Stave Church (Haltdalen stavkirke), originally from around the 1170s. The first church known on Iceland was a post church and not a stave church.
The replica was erected by the harbour of Vestmannaeyjabær in the Vestmannaeyjar, in an area formed by the lava of the 1973 eruption of Eldfell. The replica was undertaken by the Norwegian Institute for Cultural Heritage Research as a three-year research and reconstruction project from 1998 to 2000 under the leadership of professor Elisabeth Seip, Head of Research at the Norwegian Institute for Cultural Heritage Research.
The church was constructed in Lom Municipality, Norway from materials deliberately drawn widely from around Norway, including timber from Røros, shingles from Odalen, tar from Skjåk, wrought iron from Vågå, and a doorstep from Holtålen. A gallery was added around the outside of the building, inspired by other stave churches, to provide the building with extra strength against the stormy weather of the Vestmannaeyjar. The church was built and consecrated in summer 2000, and was completed on 30 July 2000. The project was supported by a Norwegian government grant of 5.5m Norwegian kroner; Icelandic government funding for the redevelopment of the Skansinn area of Vestmannaeyjarbær as a heritage area; and some private sponsorship was also involved, most importantly that the Icelandic company Eimskip shipped the church to Iceland for free.
The National Church of Norway also gave an altar piece. It is replica of the St Olav frontal, one of the finest surviving medieval Norwegian works of art, undertaken under the leadership of Terje Nordsted. The original is at Nidaros Cathedral but is said (without any substantial supporting evidence) once to have been situated in the Haltdalen stave church.
* Nave of the church, showing entrance to the choir.
* Roof of the nave.
* Replica of the St Olav frontal.
* Heimaey Stave Church altar