OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Chen's theorem

In number theory, Chen's theorem states that every sufficiently large even number can be written as the sum of either two primes, or a prime and a semiprime (the product of two primes).
It is a weakened form of Goldbach's conjecture, which states that every even number is the sum of two primes.

## History

The theorem was first stated by Chinese mathematician Chen Jingrun in 1966, with further details of the proof in 1973. His original proof was much simplified by P. M. Ross in 1975. Chen's theorem is a significant step towards Goldbach's conjecture, and a celebrated application of sieve methods.
Chen's theorem represents the strengthening of a previous result due to Alfréd Rényi, who in 1947 had shown there exists a finite K such that any even number can be written as the sum of a prime number and the product of at most K primes.

## Variations

Chen's 1973 paper stated two results with nearly identical proofs.$^{:158}$ His Theorem I, on the Goldbach conjecture, was stated above. His Theorem II is a result on the twin prime conjecture. It states that if h is a positive even integer, there are infinitely many primes p such that p + h is either prime or the product of two primes.
Ying Chun Cai proved the following in 2002:
In 2025, Daniel R. Johnston, Matteo Bordignon, and Valeriia Starichkova provided an explicit version of Chen's theorem:
which refined upon an earlier result by Tomohiro Yamada. Also in 2024, Bordignon and Starichkova showed that the bound can be lowered to $e^{e^{14}}\approx 2.5\cdot 10^{522284}$ assuming the Generalized Riemann hypothesis (GRH) for Dirichlet L-functions.
In 2019, Huixi Li gave a version of Chen's theorem for odd numbers. In particular, Li proved that every sufficiently large odd integer $N$ can be represented as
    $N=p+2a,$
where $p$ is prime and $a$ has at most 2 prime factors. Here, the factor of 2 is necessitated since every prime (except for 2) is odd, causing $N-p$ to be even. Li's result can be viewed as an approximation to Lemoine's conjecture.
# Agonist-antagonist

In pharmacology the term agonist-antagonist or mixed agonist/antagonist is used to refer to a drug which under some conditions behaves as an agonist (a substance that fully activates the receptor that it binds to) while under other conditions, behaves as an antagonist (a substance that binds to a receptor but does not activate and can block the activity of other agonists).
Types of mixed agonist/antagonist include receptor ligands that act as agonist for some receptor types and antagonist for others or agonist in some tissues while antagonist in others (also known as selective receptor modulators).

## Synaptic receptors

For synaptic receptors, an agonist is a compound that increases the activation of the receptor by binding directly to it or by increasing the amount of time neurotransmitters are in the synaptic cleft. An antagonist is a compound that has the opposite effect of an agonist. It decreases the activation of a synaptic receptor by binding and blocking neurotransmitters from binding or by decreasing the amount of time neurotransmitters are in the synaptic cleft. These actions can be achieved via multiple mechanisms. A common mechanism for agonists is reuptake inhibition, where the agonist blocks neurotransmitters from reentering the pre-synaptic axon terminal. This gives the neurotransmitter more time in the synaptic cleft to act on the synaptic receptors. Conversely, antagonists often bind directly to receptors in the synaptic cleft, effectively blocking neurotransmitters from binding.
At the alpha adrenoceptors, (R)-3-nitrobiphenyline is an α$_{2C}$ selective agonist as well as being a weak antagonist at the α$_{2A}$ and α$_{2B}$ subtypes.

## Agonist-antagonist opioids

The best known agonist-antagonists are opioids. Examples of such opioids are:
* pentazocine, agonist at the kappa (κ) and sigma (σ) with weak antagonist action at the mu opioid receptor (μ)
* butorphanol, pure agonist at κ-opioid receptor, partial agonist at μ- and a, and antagonist activity at the delta opioid receptor (δ)
* nalbuphine, κ-agonist/μ-antagonist analgesic
Agonist–antagonist opioids usually have a ceiling effect – over particular dose they don't increase their potency. Hence agonist–antagonist opioids have a lower addiction potential but also lower analgesic efficacy and are more likely to produce psychotomimetic effects.
Agonist–antagonist opioids that activate mu opioid receptors while blocking delta produce analgesia without the development of tolerance.
# Nolana galapagensis

Nolana galapagensis , is a species of flowering plant in the Solanaceae (nightshade) family. It is endemic to the Galapagos Islands.

## Description

Nolana galapagensis is a small shrub with small fleshy green leaves that are arranged in dense groups along the branches. It has small white flowers.

## Range and habitat

Nolana galapagensis is endemic to the Galapagos Islands, where it grows along the coasts of most of the islands.
# March for the Equal Rights Amendment

The March for the Equal Rights Amendment took place on July 9, 1978 in Washington, DC. Over 100,000 people marched for ratification of the Equal Rights Amendment.

## Speakers

There were 35 notable speakers at the march organized by the National Organization for Women.

## Attendees

Many prominent women's rights activists participated in this march including Gloria Steinem, Pauli Murray and Betty Friedan.

## Issues

The amendment proposed equal rights for women, and was first introduced to Congress in 1923, finally gaining Congressional approval in 1972. Once Congress had approved the amendment, ratification by the states was requested and the typical 7-year time limit for ratification by two-thirds of the states was set in motion. The march was held to convince legislators that the period allowed for ratification should be extended beyond the deadline, which would occur on 29 March 1979. Protesters were successful in getting the House to approve an extension to 1982 in August, 1978 and the Senate to grant approval of the same time frame by a vote of 60 to 36 in October 1978. It was the first time that a proposed amendment to the Constitution had ever had its ratification period extended. Since 1982, extension of the ratification has been reintroduced in every legislative session.

## Timeline

* March 22, 1972 - amendment passed in Congress
* 1977 - amendment approved by 35 of 50 states
* 1978 - not ratified, (3 states short)
* 1982 - deadline for ratification. 15 states did not approve.
* 1994 - 12 states did not approve ratification
* 1995–2016, ERA bills were passed however not all of the bills passed both Senate and House
* 2003 - House approved ratification, however Senate did not
* 2014 - Senate approved, however House did not
* 2017 - Nevada approved
* 2018 - Illinois approved; Thirteen states had not yet approved

## Outcome

The amendment still has not been ratified by all of the states to become a part of the Constitution of the United States.
# Walter Coles (cricketer)

Walter Neill Coles (11 February 1928 – 25 July 2023) was an English cricketer. He played two first-class matches for Cambridge University Cricket Club in 1949. Coles died at home on 25 July 2023, at the age of 95.
# I Promise (Stacie Orrico song)

"I Promise" is a song from Stacie Orrico's self-titled second album. The third single from the album, it was written by Diane Warren and was released only in Europe, Asia and Australia. The song did not do as well as the first two singles but gave Orrico her third top-40 hit in the United Kingdom.

## Track listings

UK: CD 1
* "I Promise" (album version)
* "I Promise" (Chris Cox radio edit)
UK: CD 2
* "I Promise" (album version)
* "I Promise" (Chris Cox radio edit)
* "I Promise" (Boris & Beck radio mix)
* "(What Are You Doing) New Year's Eve?"
* "I Promise" (video and enhanced section)

## Charts

Weekly chart performance for "I Promise" :
| Chart (2004) | Peak position |
| Australia (ARIA) | 48 |
| Austria (Ö3 Austria Top 40) | 59 |
| Belgium (Ultratip Bubbling Under Flanders) | 10 |
| Belgium (Ultratip Bubbling Under Wallonia) | 16 |
| Germany (GfK) | 66 |
| Ireland (IRMA) | 19 |
| Netherlands (Single Top 100) | 47 |
| Netherlands (Tipparade) | 6 |
| UK Singles (OCC) | 22 |
# 2061 (disambiguation)

2061 may refer to:
* The year 2061 in the 2060s decade
* The year 2061 BC in the 21st century BC
* 2061: Odyssey Three, a novel by Arthur C. Clarke
* 2061: An Exceptional Year, a 2007 Italian film
* 2061 Anza, an amor asteroid
# Jerome Arnold

Romeo Maurice "Jerome" Arnold (born November 26, 1936) is an American bassist, known for his work with Howlin' Wolf, and the Paul Butterfield Blues Band in the 1960s.
Born in Chicago, Arnold was an original member of the Butterfield band, he was subsequently inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2015.
His playing appears on the albums The Paul Butterfield Blues Band and East-West. He was a member of the Butterfield Band at the Newport Folk Festival in 1965, and not only appeared with the band there, but was among the musicians who supported Bob Dylan on the Newport Folk Festival stage for Dylan's controversial amplified instrument performance at that Festival.
Jerome Arnold is a younger brother of Billy Boy Arnold, as is harmonicist Augustus "Gus" Arnold (who around 1969 changed his name to "Julio Finn"). He also appears on Billy Boy Arnold's 1965 Prestige LP, More Blues on the South Side.

## Selective Discography

With Howlin' Wolf
* The Real Folk Blues (Chess, recorded 1956-65, released 1965)
With Billy Boy Arnold
* More Blues on the South Side (Prestige, 1965)
With The Paul Butterfield Blues Band
* The Paul Butterfield Blues Band (Elektra, 1965)
* East-West (Elektra, 1966)
* Festival - The Newport Folk Festival 1965 (Vanguard, 1967) (one live track: "Mellow Down Easy")
With Bob Dylan
* No Direction Home: The Soundtrack (Columbia, 2005) (one track: "Maggie's Farm" (live at the Newport Folk Festival, 1965)

## Filmography

* The Other Side of the Mirror: Bob Dylan at the Newport Folk Festival (2007) (Arnold plays on one song from 1965: "Maggie's Farm". Al Kooper plays bass on "Like a Rolling Stone")
# Ghulam Hassan Sofi

Ghulam Hassan Sofi (1932, Srinagar - 2009, Srinagar) was a singer and harmonium player of traditional music of Kashmir, India. He is considered amoungest the Greatest Kashmiri Sufi Singer's of all time
Sofi began his career from Radio Kashmir, local station of All India Radio, in the early 1950s. He also sang for the station Doordarshan Kendra Srinagar, and for the Cultural Academy, besides being part of the staff in the Song and Drama Division from 1967 to 1994. Sofi, who also performed in other states of India, received the lifetime award from the Union Information Ministry and the Sheikh Mohammad Abdullah award from the State Government in 2006. Sofi sang the lyrics of the noted Kashmiri poets Ghulam Ahmad Mehjoor, Abdul Ahad Azad, Wahab Khar, Rasool Mir and Rajab Hamid. His own compositions often dwelt on spiritual and mystical themes.
# Flintsteel River

The Flintsteel River is a 28.3-mile-long (45.5 km) river in Ontonagon County on the Upper Peninsula of Michigan in the United States. It is a tributary of Lake Superior.
# George Lucas (disambiguation)

George Lucas (born 1944) is an American film director.
George Lucas may also refer to:
* George A. Lucas (1824–1909), American-born art dealer living in Paris
* George W. Lucas (soldier) (1845–1921), American soldier and Medal of Honor recipient
* George W. Lucas (politician) (1807–1881), American politician in Iowa
* George Lucas, 1st Baron Lucas of Chilworth (1896–1967), British businessman and Labour politician
* George Lucas (footballer, born 1901) (1901–1995), Australian rules footballer for St Kilda
* George Lucas (footballer, born 1920) (1920–1969), Australian rules footballer for South Melbourne
* George Joseph Lucas (born 1949), American archbishop of the Catholic Archdiocese of Omaha
* George R. Lucas Jr. (born 1949), American philosopher
* George Lucas (footballer, born 1984), Brazilian footballer
* George Lucas, a character in Edwin Arlington Robinson play Van Zorn
# St. John's Episcopal Church, Zion Parish

St. John's Episcopal Church, Zion Parish in Beltsville, Maryland, United States, is a historic place of worship whose congregation dates back more than two centuries.

## History and architecture

The Episcopal Diocese of Maryland established the parish in 1811 and it first held services in Old Paint Branch Chapel in Calverton, Maryland near the border between Prince George's County, Maryland and Montgomery County, Maryland. Between 1825 and 1847, the congregation worshiped in Vansville, Maryland, also in Prince George's County. The wooden structures used by the congregation in the 19th century were destroyed by fire, storm, tornado and lightning.
Two other historic once rural parishes have similar names. One, Zion Episcopal Church, was established in Urbana in Frederick County, Maryland in 1802 and burned down in 1961, although the ruins and cemetery remain as a historic site and the church is expected to be rebuilt. Another, known as St. Mark's Paint Branch Chapel, was built in 1774 in what became Silver Spring in Montgomery County, Maryland, rebuilt in 1835 and ultimately removed in 1877 and replaced by a modern structure circa 1980.
In 1855, the St. John's Zion Parish vestry received 1.5 acres along the Baltimore Pike from innkeeper John W. Brown (whose establishment was 1.25 miles south) and his wife, and the property eventually increased to about 3 acres. A frame building was then erected, and soon a cemetery. Rev. William Pinkney, then the rector of St. Matthew's Parish in Hyattsville since 1836, spoke during the 1857 consecration and took care of parishioners during their first year at this location. During the American Civil War, Union artillery forces occupied the strategic site on a hill overlooking historic Route 1. However, it was destroyed by fire in 1868 and rebuilt in wood, only to be again destroyed by a severe storm in 1874.
The current brick building with a steep pitched roof, round-arched stained glass windows and bell tower was erected in 1877 at the urging of its former rector, and on April 22, 1878 was consecrated by Rt. Rev. William Pinkney, who had by then risen to become suffragan Episcopal Bishop of Maryland and who would become the diocesan bishop upon the death of the disabled Rt. Rev. William Wittingham the following year. Despite another fire in 1972 which required extensive restoration, its architectural integrity and status as a local landmark led to its inclusion among the county's historic sites, as shown by an exterior plaque. The parish house was added in 1924 and connected by a (later enclosed) breezeway with the church. An office wing in a harmonious style was added to the other side of the parish house in 1991.
Brigadier General Rezin Beall is buried in the church's cemetery.

## Current status

St. John's Episcopal Church is an active parish in the Episcopal Diocese of Washington. Rev. Joseph M. Constant, who in 2005 founded the Haiti Micah Project while working for the Presiding Bishop of the Episcopal Church, was installed as rector in 2015.
# Mary S. Graham

Mary S. Graham is an American academic administrator who has served as the president of Mississippi Gulf Coast Community College (MGCCC) since 2011. She is a former chair of the American Association of Community Colleges and has served as a member of the Mississippi Power board of directors since 2020.

## Early life and education

Graham was born in Biloxi, Mississippi, and grew up in Perkinston. She was the youngest of eight children in her family. She attended Mississippi Gulf Coast Community College (MGCCC), where she earned an associate degree. She later pursued her bachelor’s, master’s, and doctoral degrees at the University of Southern Mississippi, completing a Ph.D. in higher education administration.

## Career

Graham began her professional career in 1987 at the Jackson County campus of MGCCC, holding administrative roles, including Director of Admissions/Registrar and Director of Institutional Relations. She later became Vice President of the Community Campus and served as Vice President of the Perkinston Campus for 13 years.
In 2011, Graham was appointed as the 12th president of MGCCC by its board of trustees, succeeding Willis H. Lott. As president, she oversaw the expansion of the college, including the development of new campuses and programs. Her leadership included a focus on workforce development, fundraising, and providing scholarship opportunities. In September 2011, she was recognized at the White House as a Champion of Change.
During her presidency, MGCCC was recognized among the top ten percent of community colleges in the United States by the Aspen Institute. She also served as chair of the American Association of Community Colleges, a role representing over 1,200 institutions nationwide. Additionally, she held leadership positions in state and national organizations, including the Mississippi Association of Community Colleges and other boards such as the Gulf Coast Business Council and the National Diabetes and Obesity Research Institute. In November 2020, Graham joined the Mississippi Power board of directors.

## Personal life

Mary Graham is married to Wayne Graham, and the couple has three children. Graham is actively involved in community organizations, including church youth programs and Rotary International, where she has supported initiatives such as scholarships and mission trips.
# Anne Bevan

Anne Bevan (born 1965) is a Scottish visual artist, sculptor, and lecturer at Edinburgh College of Art.

## Early life

She graduated with an MA Hons in Fine Art (Sculpture) from the University of Edinburgh and Edinburgh College of Art between 1983 and 1988.

## Career

Her exhibitions include Rosengarten, a collaboration with writer Janice Galloway at the Hunterian Museum in Glasgow in 2004. This exhibition was inspired by research into obstetric instruments and the mechanics of childbirth. It featured nine light tables with sculptural pieces in bronze, plaster and fabric, and poems and text by Janice Galloway.
A review featured in The List at the time of the exhibition in 2004 said: “Bevan engages with the obstetric forms but you also feel an infinity lies within the materials she uses, a sense of investment, which is echoed in Galloway’s text. The two elements are essential to one another. The text subtly lifts you out of the materiality of the sculptures, enhancing your emotional engagement with the work, whilst the scale and form of the objects creates a bodily reaction that borders on the physically uncomfortable.“ Bevan often looks at themes such as the environment, in particular water and the sea.
In 2012, she was one of 100 artists who co-signed an open letter to Creative Scotland, critical of the organisation, and making a number of requests, including the removal of jargon from official communications and the inclusion of those with artform experience to funding applications.
Recent projects have focused on marine biology, wave and tidal energy and coastal change, working with scientists at the University of Edinburgh, the International Centre for Island Technology at Heriott-Watt University and archaeologists at Orkney College.

## Exhibitions

In 2012, she exhibited 'Particle - Things Unseen' at the Bonhoga Gallery in Shetland.
Other solo exhibitions include:
* 2001 Level, Peacock Visual Arts, Aberdeen; exhibition & CD-ROM; commissioned by New Media Scotland and Peacock Visual Arts
* 2000 Undercovered, The Fruitmarket Gallery, Edinburgh; exhibition & book - 'pipelines' with writer Janice Galloway
* 1997 Lifting Light, The Pier Arts Centre, Stromness, Orkney; exhibition & publication with essay by Murdo McDonald
* 1992 Soundings, The Collective Gallery, Edinburgh
* 1991 New Work, The Black Pig Gallery, Kirkwall, Orkney
# Scott Hunter-Russell

Scott Hunter-Russell (born 1 June 1970) is an Australian archer. He competed at the 1992 Summer Olympics and the 2000 Summer Olympics.
# 1979 Tasmanian state election

The 1979 Tasmanian state election was held on 28 July 1979 in the Australian state of Tasmania to elect 35 members of the Tasmanian House of Assembly. The election used the Hare-Clark proportional representation system — seven members were elected from each of five electorates. The quota required for election was 12.5% in each division.
The incumbent Labor Party, led by Doug Lowe, won a third term in office against the opposition Liberal Party, led by Max Bingham.

## Background

Bill Neilson, leader of the Labor Party and Premier of Tasmania, had retired on 1 December 1977 and been replaced by Doug Lowe.
The United Tasmania Group, which had contested the two previous elections, did not field any candidates for the 1979 election. Instead a new party, the Australian Democrats, founded by Don Chipp in 1977, emerged as the most significant minor party.

## Results

The Labor Party won the election, increasing its majority in the House of Assembly from one seat to five.
Doug Lowe received the highest personal vote ever in the House of Assembly: 24,971 or 51.2% of the vote in the seat of Franklin.
| | Labor | 129,973 | 54.32 | +1.84 | 20 | 2 |
| | Liberal | 98,845 | 41.31 | -3.18 | 15 | 2 |
| | Democrats | 6,858 | 2.87 | New | 0 | New |
| | Independents | 3,608 | 1.51 | +0.68 | 0 | |
| Total | Total | 239,284 | 100.00 | – | 35 | – |
| Valid votes | Valid votes | 239,284 | 96.15 | | | |
| Invalid/blank votes | Invalid/blank votes | 9,582 | 3.85 | +0.05 | | |
| Total votes | Total votes | 248,866 | 100.00 | – | | |
| Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | 265,428 | 93.76 | -0.78 | | |
Popular vote
Labor
54.32%
Liberal
41.31%
Democrats
2.87%
Independents
1.51% :
Seats
Labor
57.14%
Liberal
42.86% :

## Distribution of votes
### Primary vote by division

| | Bass | Braddon | Denison | Franklin | Wilmot |
| Labor Party | 50.3% | 54.2% | 50.7% | 60.8% | 55.6% |
| Liberal Party | 44.7% | 42.7% | 42.0% | 33.9% | 43.5% |
| Other | 5.0% | 3.1% | 7.4% | 5.4% | 0.9% |

### Distribution of seats

* Electorate
* Bass
* Braddon
* Denison
* Franklin
* Wilmot
* Labor
* Liberal

## Aftermath

Max Bingham resigned as opposition leader after losing his second election, and was replaced by Geoff Pearsall.
The election of three Labor MPs for Denison (Julian Amos, John Devine and John Green) was ruled invalid, due to the enforcement of a previously ignored rule limiting campaign expenditure to $1,500. A by-election was arranged for Denison in February 1980. The placement of the Labor candidates on the ballot paper, which placed Deputy Premier Neil Batt fourth, was believed to have led to the introduction of the Robson Rotation method of randomising ballot ordering.