# Chief of Staff to the First Lady of the United States

The Chief of Staff to the First Lady of the United States is a position within the Office of the First Lady in the White House Office, responsible for overseeing strategy, operations, and coordination within the First Lady's office and between the East Wing and the White House.

## Historical background
### Origins of the role

The role of the First Lady of the United States has evolved over time. During the 19th century, First Ladies primarily focused on social functions and domestic duties. This began to shift in the 20th century, particularly under Eleanor Roosevelt, who actively engaged in policy advocacy and public initiatives. Roosevelt was the first First Lady to hire a personal secretary, an act that laid the foundation for the future establishment of the Office of the First Lady within the White House Office.
The position of Chief of Staff to the First Lady emerged during the presidency of Jimmy Carter in 1977 when Rosalynn Carter formalized the structure of the Office of the First Lady. She appointed Edith H. J. Dobelle as the first Chief of Staff to the First Lady, who described her role as ensuring the office's smooth operation. This development paralleled the growing professionalization of the First Lady’s office.
Under subsequent administrations, the chief of staff role expanded to include a wide range of responsibilities. By the late 20th century, First Ladies’ chiefs of staff were integral in managing press relations, social scheduling, and correspondence. The position also became involved in policy development, particularly in administrations where the First Lady undertook advocacy roles, such as Hillary Clinton’s health care initiatives.

## Role
### Core functions

The Chief of Staff to the First Lady is tasked with overseeing daily operations within the Office of the First Lady. This includes managing the work of departments such as policy and projects, scheduling, advance, correspondence, press, and the social office. The position also involves coordinating with the White House Chief of Staff and other executive offices, ensuring alignment with the administration’s broader goals.
Key responsibilities of the role include:
* Developing and executing strategies for domestic and international initiatives led by the First Lady.
* Acting as a liaison between the First Lady’s office and the West Wing, particularly for joint events or initiatives involving the President.
* Supervising staff and ensuring that office activities reflect the First Lady’s priorities and interests.
* Representing the First Lady at official functions and media engagements, as needed.
The Chief of Staff to the First Lady leads a team of 25 to 30 staff members, depending on the administration. This team is divided into various departments to handle specific functions. The position also involves working closely with external organizations and federal agencies to support the First Lady's initiatives.

### Evolution of duties

The role’s scope and influence have varied depending on the priorities of each First Lady. For instance:
* Under Nancy Reagan, the office primarily focused on supporting the President's well-being and public image.
* During Hillary Clinton’s tenure, the chief of staff played a significant role in coordinating policy initiatives that were deeply integrated with the President’s agenda.
* Recent chiefs of staff, such as those serving Michelle Obama and Jill Biden, have been involved in initiatives addressing issues like education, health, and military families.

## Chiefs of staff to the first lady

| Image | Chief | Years | First Lady |
| | Edith H. J. Dobelle | 1979–1981 | Rosalynn Carter |
| | James Rosebush | 1981–1986 | Nancy Reagan |
| | Lee L. Verstandig | 1986 | Nancy Reagan |
| Nancy Reagan |||
| | Susan Porter Rose | 1989–1993 | Barbara Bush |
| | Maggie Williams | 1993–1997 | Hillary Clinton |
| | Melanne Verveer | 1997–2000 | Hillary Clinton |
| | Andrea Ball | 2001–2004 | Laura Bush |
| | Anita McBride | 2005–2009 | Laura Bush |
| | Jackie Norris | 2009-? | Michelle Obama |
| | Susan Sher | ?-2011 | Michelle Obama |
| | Tina Tchen | 2011–2017 | Michelle Obama |
| | Lindsay Reynolds | 2017–2020 | Melania Trump |
| | Stephanie Grisham | 2020–2021 | Melania Trump |
| | Julissa Reynoso Pantaleón | 2021–2022 | Jill Biden |
| Jill Biden |||
| | Hayley Harrison | 2025– | Melania Trump |

## Popular culture

* Kate Mulgrew portrays Susan Sher in The First Lady.