OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Coney Island Hot Dog Stand

Coney Island Colorado (commonly The Coney Island) in Bailey, Colorado, is a 1950s diner shaped like a giant hot dog, with toppings. The building has been called "the best example of roadside architecture in the state".
The diner has indoor seating, courtyard seating and riverside picnic table seating. The bun is 35 feet (10.67 m) long, and the hot dog 42 feet (12.8 m); the entire building weighs 18 short tons (16.1 long tons; 16.3 t).
It was originally built in 1966 on Colfax Ave. in Denver, named The Boardwalk at Coney Island. The first owner, Marcus Shannon had intended to start a chain of eateries around the concept, and obtained a patent for the design, but the eatery closed in 1969.
In 1970, under new ownership, the stand was moved to the Rocky Mountain town of Aspen Park, along U.S. 285. Initially called Coney Island Dairy Land, it later dropped the last part of the name. Despite initial opposition, when it was put up for sale in 1999, a local campaign began to designate it a landmark and save it from destruction. The present owner purchased it for about $150,000 and added a state-of-the-art water purification system, a new secondary kitchen area and a complete restoration of the interior kitchen.
The popularity of the stand was such that its last day open in Aspen Park, "the waiting line extended literally for miles". On March 18, 2006, to make way for a bank, the stand was moved again, 17 miles down U.S. Highway 285 to its present location in Bailey, close to Pike National Forest.

## Appearances in media

The restaurant made an appearance on one of Dana Atchley's "Digital Postcards" titled "World's Largest". "World's Largest" and 6 more of Dana Atchley's "Digital Postcards" were later included as viewable clips on "Kid Pix Studio's" "Wacky TV" feature.
During the intro of "The Unaired Pilot" from the television series South Park, a parody of the restaurant can be seen in the background. The episode is an uncut version of "Cartman Gets an Anal Probe", and was released on DVD in 2003 with The Complete Second Season. The stand would return to the show in the season 25 episode "City People", where Cartman is forced to move in after his mom Liane loses her job. The stand remained Cartman's home until the season 26 episode "DikinBaus Hot Dogs", after he and Kenny renovate and reopen the restaurant as DikinBaus Hot Dogs and Butters, the investor and sole employee, sells it off.
It appeared in the 1999 television documentary A Hot Dog Program and on the 2004 television program Hot Dog Heavens.
On September 22, 2003 it was featured in the nationally syndicated newspaper comic Zippy the Pinhead.
There is a 1/6 scale model of the Coney Island stand at Tiny Town, in Morrison, Colorado.
# Vaughan Nash

Vaughan Robinson Nash CB CVO (1861 – 16 December 1932) was a British journalist, economist and the husband of Rosalind Nash. He was a correspondent of Florence Nightingale, his wife's aunt. Nash served as the Principal Private Secretary in the Coalition Ministry of H. H. Asquith.

## Biography

Nash was born in Clifton, Bristol to Charles Nash, a timber merchant, and Sarah Ann. He began his career as journalist covering the London Dock Strike of 1889. He later became a "special correspondent", covering issues in crisis hit foreign countries, in particular drawing attention to the problem of hunger within the territories of the British Empire, an issue that was sometimes neglected by administrators and politicians.
He was appointed Companion of the Order of the Bath (CB) in the 1909 Birthday Honours and Commander of the Royal Victorian Order (CVO) in the 1911 Coronation Honours.
He had two sons and a daughter. A daughter and son preceded him in death.
He died in Woodgreen near Salisbury, aged 71.

## Publications

* 'The Great Famine and its Causes' by Vaughan Nash, The Economic Journal, Vol. 11, No. 44 (Dec., 1901), pp. 537–541.
# Highland single malts

Highland single malts are single malt Scotch whiskies produced in the Highland region of Scotland. This categorisation includes the whiskies produced on the islands around the perimeter of Scotland (the Island single malts), except for Islay (see Islay whisky). Incongruously, the area also includes certain lowland areas in the North-East of the country such as Moray and Aberdeenshire.

## Legal status

Highland is a "protected locality" for Scotch Whisky distilling under UK Government legislation.

## List of Highland single malt distilleries

* AnCnoc
* Aberfeldy
* Ardmore
* Ardnamurchan
* Balblair
* Ben Nevis
* Blair Athol
* Clynelish
* Dalmore
* Dalwhinnie
* Deanston
* Drumguish
* Edradour
* Glencadam
* Glen Deveron
* Glen Eden
* Glendronach
* Glenfoyle
* Glen Garioch
* Glengoyne
* Glenmorangie
* Singleton of Glen Ord
* Glenturret
* Knockdhu
* Loch Lomond
* Loch Morar
* The Macallan
* Macphail
* McClelland
* Millburn
* Oban
* Old Fettercairn
* Old Pulteney
* Royal Brackla
* Royal Lochnagar
* Teaninich
* Tullibardine
* Tomatin
* Wolfburn
# Gaius Julius Civilis

Gaius Julius Civilis (AD 25 – c. 1st century) was the leader of the Batavian rebellion against the Romans in 69 AD. His nomen shows that he (or one of his male ancestors) was made a Roman citizen (and thus, the tribe a Roman vassal) by either Augustus or Caligula.

## Early history

Gaius Julius Civilis was born in AD 25. He was twice imprisoned on a charge of rebellion, and narrowly escaped execution. During the disturbances that followed the death of Nero, he took up arms under pretense of siding with Vespasian and induced the inhabitants of his native country to rebel. The Batavians, who had rendered valuable service under the early emperors, had been well treated in order to attach them to the cause of Rome. They were exempt from tribute, but were obliged to supply a large number of men for the army, and the burden of conscription and the oppression of provincial governors were important incentives to revolt. The Batavians were immediately joined by several neighboring Germanic tribes.

## Revolt

The Roman garrisons near the Rhine were driven out, and twenty-four ships captured. Two legions under Mummius Lupercus were defeated at Castra Vetera (near the modern Xanten) and surrounded. Eight cohorts of Batavian veterans joined their countrymen, and the troops sent by Vespasian to the relief of Vetera threw in their lot with them.
   "Let Syria, Asia Minor, and the East, habituated as it is to despotism, submit to slavery... Freedom is a gift bestowed by nature even on the dumb animals. Courage is the peculiar excellence of man, and the Gods help the braver side."
   - Gaius Julius Civilis
The result of these accessions to the forces of Civilis was a rising in Gaul. Hordeonius Flaccus was murdered by his troops (70 AD), and the whole of the Roman forces were induced by two commanders of the Gallic auxiliaries —Julius Classicus and Julius Tutor— to revolt from Rome and join Civilis. The whole of Gaul thus practically declared itself independent, and the foundation of a new kingdom of Gaul was contemplated. The prophetess Veleda predicted the complete success of Civilis and the fall of the Roman Empire. But disputes broke out among the different tribes and rendered co-operation impossible; Vespasian, having successfully ended the civil war, called upon Civilis to lay down his arms, and on his refusal resolved to take strong measures for the suppression of the revolt.

## Defeat and surrender

The arrival of Quintus Petillius Cerialis with a strong force awed the Gauls and mutinous troops into submission; Civilis was defeated at Augusta Treverorum (Trier, Trèves) and Castra Vetera, and forced to withdraw to the island of the Batavians. He finally came to an agreement with Cerialis whereby his countrymen obtained certain advantages, and resumed amicable relations with Rome. From this time, Civilis disappears from history.
# Karusha kingdom

The Karusha kingdom is one of the Yadava kingdoms of the Mahabharata epic. It is placed to the south of Chedi. Karusha king Dantavakra supported Chedi king Shishupala and was killed by Vasudeva Krishna. Karusha Kingdom is identified as modern Datia district of Madhya Pradesh.

## References in Mahabharata

Karusha was mentioned as a kingdom of ancient India (Bharata Varsha) along with the Kuntalas, the Kasi-kosalas, the Chedis, the Bhojas. (6,9)

### Alliance with Yadavas, Chedis and Magadhas
#### Alliance with the Yadavas

* Karusha king is mentioned as attending the self-choice of Draupadi along with Bala Rama and Vasudeva Krishna, the great Yadava heroes.(1,188)

#### Alliance with the Chedis

* Karusha king came to Yudhishthira's new palace at Indraprastha along with his friend Shishupala, the king of Chedi kingdom and with the Vrishi Yadava heroes(2,4)

#### Alliance with the Magadhas

* The mighty Vaka, the king of the Karushas, capable of fighting by putting forth his powers of illusion, waiteth, upon Jarasandha, as his disciple. The Karusha king Dantavakra also wait upon Jarasandha the king of Magadha. (2,14)

#### Dispute with Chedi king Shishupala

* Chedi king Shishupala, disguising himself in the attire of the king of Karusha, ravished the innocent Bhadra, the princess of Visala, the intended bride of king Karusha (this Karusha is certainly not Dantavakra, Shishupala's friend). (2,44)

### Karusha region on the sea coast

Karusha was also a type of tree (3,111). Karusha region was probably the regions where these trees grew in abundance
Kiratas (hunter-gatherers) armed with cruel weapons and ever engaged in cruel deeds, eating of fruits and roots and attired in skins and living on the northern slopes of the Himavat and on the eastern mountains and in the region of Karusha on the sea-coast (possibly in the sea coast of Bangladesh) and on both sides of the Lohitya mountains (Lohit, Arunachal Pradesh. They brought tribute to Pandava king Yudhishthira.(2,51)

### Karushas in Kurukshetra War

The assembled kings of the Chedi and the Karusha tribes joined the Pandavas with all their resources. (5,22). Karusha army was placed under the general Dhristaketu who was the king of Chedi Kingdom (5,199). The Chedis, Karushas and Kasis were placed under him.
Other armies allied with the Pandavas who fought along with the Karushas were the Matsyas, Panchalas, Srinjayas, Somakas, Prabhadrakas, some Surasenas, Suras, some Kekayas, Pandyas, Kanchis, Keralas, Cholas, Dravidas, Andharas, some Kosalas, some Magadhas and the Yadavas under Satyaki and Chekitana. (6-47,54,98,107) (7-9,11,21,153), (8-12,30,47,49,54,56,73,78

### Other References

* A virtuous and truthful king of Kasi and Karusha was called a mad dog for having renounced his territories and riches! (3,25)
* At (1,67) Karushaka tribe was linkied with the Asura clan called Krodhaveshas
* One of the sons of Manu was named Karusha. (1.75)
* There was a sage named Karusha who dwelled in the western kingdoms. (12,207)
# Shurparaka

Shurparaka (IAST: Śūrpāraka; also spelt Surparaka) was a kingdom mentioned in the epic Mahabharata. According to Mahabharata, it was founded by Bhargava Rama (also known as Parashurama) near the Western sea, close to the mouth of the river Narmada in India. Parashurama gave this kingdom to the Brahmin rulers of Kashyapa clan.
Shurparaka is identified with medieval Sopara and modern day Nala Sopara.

## References in Mahabharata

   The Ocean created for Jamadagni’s son (Bhargava Rama) a region called Shurparaka (12:49). Having made the earth destitute of Kshatriyas for thrice seven times, the puissant Bhargava, on completion of a horse-sacrifice, gave away the earth as sacrificial present to Kashyapa.
Kashyapa, having accepted the earth in gift, made a present of it to the Brahmanas, entered the great forest.

### The pilgrimage in Shurparaka

One should proceed to Shurparaka, where Jamadagni’s son had formerly dwelt. Bathing in that tirtha of Rama, one acquireth the merit of giving away gold in abundance. (3:85). In the tirtha called Shurparaka are two sacrificial platforms of the illustrious Jamadagni, called Pashana and Punaschandra (3:88). Yudhishthira plunged his body in all the holy spots, and then came again to Shurparaka (3:118). Bathing in the Narmada as also in the tirtha known by the name of Shurparaka, observing a fast for a full fortnight, one is sure to become in one's next birth a prince of the royal line. (13:25).

### Sahadeva's expedition to south

Having brought king Nila of Avanti under his sway the victorious son of Madri, viz. Sahadeva, then went further towards the south. He then brought the king of Tripura under his sway. And next turning his forces against the Paurava kingdom, he vanquished and reduced to subjection the monarch thereof. And the prince, after this, with great efforts brought Akriti, the king of Saurashtra and preceptor of the Kausikas under his sway. The virtuous prince, while staying in the kingdom of Saurashtra sent an ambassador unto king Rukmin the son of Bhishmaka within the territories of Bhojakata. And the monarch cheerfully accepted the sway of the son of Pandu. The master of battle then, having exacted jewels and wealth from king Rukmin, marched further to the south. And, endued with great energy and great strength, the hero then, reduced to subjection, Shurparaka and Talakata, and the Dandakas also (2:30).

## References in Mahavamsa

The Mahavamsa, the Sri Lankan Pali chronicle, mentions that the legendary founder of the Sinhalese, prince Vijaya, left his homeland of Lala and landed first in Suppāraka (the Pali form of the Sanskrit 'Shurparaka'). It is identified with modern Sopara, in Palgar district north of Mumbai.
# Alexander Silver

Alexander Silver was a wealthy East India Company trader, who lived in Netherley, Aberdeenshire, Scotland in the late 18th century; he and his son George Silver were noted agricultural innovators of their era. Alexander
Silver built the Netherley House mansion in Netherley and died there in 1797. Alexander's son George acquired the estate of nearby Muchalls Castle by the year 1841.
Notable natural features in the vicinity include Red Moss and Meikle Carewe Hill. Notable historic features in this area include Raedykes Roman Camp and Maryculter House.
# Kerala (disambiguation)

Kerala is an Indian state.
Kerala may also refer to:
* Kerala (moth), a genus of moths in the family Nolidae
* Kerala Blasters FC, an Indian professional football club
* F.C. Kerala, an Indian professional football club
* Kerala, a village in Afghanistan and the site of the 1979 Kerala massacre
* Kerala J. Snyder, American musicologist
* "Kerala", a song by Bonobo from the 2017 album Migration
* Kerala Circuit, a Hindi film distribution circuit in Kerala
# Odra kingdom

Odra was a kingdom located in the northern Odisha in Eastern India. This kingdom was mentioned in the epic Mahabharata. Odras were neighbours to the Vangas. It is believed that the Odia language and the state Odisha got their names derived from the name "Odra".

## Reference in Mahabharata

Only a single reference of Odra is found in Mahabharata. The Odras were mentioned along with the Vangas, Angas and Paundras as bringing tribute for Yudhishthira for his Rajasuya sacrifice (3,51).
There is a mysterious mention of the name Udrakeralas in Mahabharata. It is not known if the word Udra in the composite word Udra-Keralas has any relations with Odra. The name Oriya originated from Odra. The Bhagbata Purana mentions Odra, among the six sons of Dirghatamas by queen Sudesna with the Pundrakas, Dravidas, Kambojas, Sakas, Yavanas etc. Pliny placed Oretes near mountain Mallus which can be identified with Malayagiri near Pallahara in the present Angul district. Prof B.C Majumdar observs ".. the hilly country lying between Kalinga and Dakshina Kosala was the Odra land." R.D Banerji calls the Odras as the people of Northern Orissa. In the early medieval period, Odra became a distinct territorial division. The earliest reference to Odra in this period is gleaned from the Soro Copper Plates of Somadatta. It mentions the northern Tosali was a part of Odravisaya. By that time , Northern Tosali was a fairly extensive territory comprising Midnapur and undivided Balasore district and a considerable portion of Mayurbhanj and undivided Cuttack districts. Its inclusion in Odra indicates that the latter was a vast region between river suvarnarekha in the north & Vaitarani in the south.
Odra finds mention in Hiuen Tsang's
Si-Yu-Ki where he describes it as Wu-Cha which was 1400 miles in circuit. Other historians opine that Odra comprised undivided Midnapur, Balasore, Cuttack, Ganjam & Puri districts . However, the present day research excludes the possibility of the inclusion of Puri in Odra. It is only because Che-li-ta-Lo, a port mentioned by Hieun Tsang and its location at Puri by Cunningham and others have been challenged by scholars who locate it either in Tirtol (Jagatsinghpur district), Chandabali (Bhadrak district) or Manikapatana (On the bank of Chilika lake in Ganjam district) .
As noticed Odra, Utkala, Kalinga, Kongoda, Tosali & Kosala were territories having distinct boundaries of their own and the boundary changed from time to time in ancient and early medieval days. Sometimes, it is noticed that some of these names were used as interchangeable terms, e.g.- Odra was known as Tosali during Bhauma-karas . At the advent of fifteenth century A.D poet Sarala dasa made udisa as Orissa synonymous with Odra rastra which became Odisha rajya during Gajapatis. Right from the days of Kapilendradeva (1435-1467 A.D), this empire land of the oriya speaking people has been known as Odisha.
Reference-^ HISTORY OF ODISHA BY HARIHAR PANDA (Professor & Head, Department of History National Defence Academy, Pune. Former Reader, Department of History, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack.)
# 1947 Soviet Cup

The 1947 Soviet Cup was an association football cup competition of the Soviet Union.

## Participating teams

| Enter in Final Stage | Enter in Qualification Stage | Enter in Qualification Stage |
| Pervaya Grouppa 13/13 teams | Vtoraya Grouppa 67/67 teams | Vtoraya Grouppa 67/67 teams |
| Y CDKA Moscow Y Dynamo Moscow Y Dynamo Tbilisi Y Dynamo Kiev Y Torpedo Moscow Y Zenit Leningrad Y Krylia Sovetov Kuibyshev Y Spartak Moscow Y Traktor Stalingrad Y Dynamo Leningrad Y Krylia Sovetov Moscow Y Dynamo Minsk Y VVS Moscow | Central Zone (15) Y Lokomotiv Moscow Y MVO Moscow Y Dinamo Riga Y VMS Moscow Y Trudovye Rezervy Moscow Y Burevestnik Moscow Y DO Leningrad Y Dinamo Vilnius Y Metro Moscow Y Spartak Leningrad Y Kalev Tallin Y Pischevik Moscow Y Dzerzhinets Leningrad Y Sudostroitel Leningrad Y DO Minsk RSFSR II (10) Y Dzerzhinets Chelyabinsk Y ODO Novosibirsk Y Krylya Sovetov Molotov Y Dinamo Chelyabinsk Y ODO Sverdlovsk Y Dzerzhinets Nizhniy Tagil Y Dinamo Sverdlovsk Y Krylya Sovetov Omsk Y Avangard Sverdlovsk Y Krylya Sovetov Novosibirsk Transcaucasus (8) Y ODO Tbilisi Y Dinamo Yerevan Y Lokomotiv Tbilisi Y Neftianik Baku Y Krylya Sovetov Tbilisi Y Dinamo Rostov-na-Donu Y Dinamo Baku Y Spartak Yerevan | RSFSR I (12) Y Torpedo Gorkiy Y Dinamo Saratov Y Zenit Izhevsk Y Zavod imeni Kirkizh Kovrov Y Torpedo Ulyanovsk Y Krasnoye Znamia Ivanovo Y Dinamo Kazan Y Khimik Dzerzhinsk Y Zavod imeni Kalinina Kaliningrad Y Torpedo Yaroslavl Y Traktor Kuibyshev Y Krylya Sovetov Ufa UkrSSR (13) Y Lokomotiv Kharkov Y Shakhter Stalino Y Pischevik Odessa Y Stal Dnepropetrovsk Y ODO Kiev Y Spartak Lvov Y Spartak Kherson Y Spartak Uzhgorod Y Dzerzhinets Kharkov Y Sudostroitel Nikolayev Y Dinamo Voroshilovgrad Y Bolshevik Zaporozhye Y Dinamo Kishenev Central Asia (9) Y Dinamo Stalinabad Y Dinamo Alma-Ata Y Dinamo Tashkent Y Lokomotiv Ashkhabad Y Dinamo Frunze Y ODO Tashkent Y Spartak Alma-Ata Y Zenit Frunze Y Spartak Tashkent |
Source:

### Notes
## Competition schedule
### Final stage

All games were played in Moscow.
# Maddo

Paul Kelemba (born 26 June 1962, in Nairobi), is a Kenyan self-taught comic strip artist and caricaturist. He uses Maddo as a pen-name which was inspired by Mad Magazine of New-York.

## Career

After completing his education, Paul Kelemba started off at a local advertising agency in Mombasa and later worked for various Kenyan magazines, including Coastweek and Daily Nation, as an illustrator and cartoonist through the 1980s and 90s. .
Since 1992, Maddo is the author of the weekly satyrical page It's a Madd Madd World in The Standard (Kenya). In 2009, he compiled his It’s a Madd Madd World features into three volumes during a one-month residency at the Rockefeller Foundation Bellagio Center in Italy.
His international recognition includes residencies in Japan, Estonia and Germany.
Maddo is the recipient of the 2015 CNN Multi-Choice African Journalist Awards. Maddo is associate producer at Buni Media Ltd, the producer of The XYZ Show that was inspired by the French programme Les Guignols. He is also the chairman of Ketebul Music, a pilot music production organisation in Kenya run by Tabu Osusa.
# Delta Crucis

Delta Crucis or δ Crucis, also identified as Imai (/ˈiːmaɪ/), is a star in the southern constellation of Crux, and is the faintest of the four bright stars that form the prominent asterism known as the Southern Cross. This star has an apparent magnitude of 2.8, and its proper name was adopted by the International Astronomical Union on 10 August 2018. Imai is a massive, hot and rapidly rotating star that is in the process of evolving into a giant, and is located at a distance of about 345 light-years (106 parsecs) from the Sun.

## Nomenclature

δ Crucis (Latinised to Delta Crucis) is the star's Bayer designation.
The International Astronomical Union Working Group on Star Names (WGSN) approved the name Imai for this star on 10 August 2018 and it is in the list of IAU-approved star names. Imai is the name selected for the star designated Delta Crucis by the Mursi people of modern-day Ethiopia. The star Imai has some significance as when it "ceases to appear in the evening sky at dusk (around the end of August), it is said that the Omo River rises high enough to flatten the imai grass that grows along its banks, and then subsides." The Mursi use a series of southern stars to mark their calendar to track seasonal flooding of the Omo River.
It is sometimes called Pálida (Pale [one]) in Portuguese.

## Properties

This star has a stellar classification of B2 IV, making it a subgiant star that is in the process of evolving away from the main sequence and becoming a red giant. Presently it is radiating around 8,100 times the luminosity of the Sun from its outer atmosphere at an effective temperature of 20,400 K, causing it to glow with a blue-white hue. Delta Crucis is a strong candidate Beta Cephei variable. Its rotation is very fast, with a projected rotational velocity of 210 km s$^{−1}$.
Delta Crucis is a member of the Lower Centaurus Crux (LCC) component of the Scorpius–Centaurus association, which is an OB association of massive stars that share a common origin and motion through space. This is the nearest OB association to the Sun, with the LCC component having an age in the range of 16–20 million years.

## In culture

In Chinese, 十字架 (Shí Zì Jià), meaning Cross, refers to an asterism consisting of δ Crucis, γ Crucis, α Crucis and β Crucis. Consequently, δ Crucis itself is known as 十字架四 (Shí Zì Jià sì, English: the Fourth Star of Cross).
The Aranda and Luritja people around Hermannsburg, Central Australia named Iritjinga, "The Eagle-hawk", a quadrangular arrangement comprising this star, γ Cru (Gacrux), γ Cen (Muhilfain) and δ Cen (Ma Wei).
δ Cru is represented in the flags of Australia, New Zealand, Samoa and Papua New Guinea as one of the stars comprising the Southern Cross. It is also featured in the flag of Brazil, along with 26 other stars, each of which represents a state. δ Cru represents the state of Minas Gerais.