OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# George Durant

George Durant (October 1, 1632 – February 6, 1692) was an attorney, Attorney General and Speaker of the House of Burgesses in the Province of Carolina. He is sometimes called the "father of North Carolina".

## Biography

Durant was born in England to William Durant and Alice Pell. Prior to July 1658 he resided for a time in Northumberland County, Virginia, where he had purchased 300 acres (120 ha). He married Ann Marwood on January 4, 1658, and shortly thereafter moved to Nansemond County, Virginia, where he lived for about two years.
Durant was associated with Nathaniel Batts, a fur trader, and Richard Batts, a sea captain, and together with them explored the Albemarle Sound area of Virginia.
On August 4, 1661, Durant purchased, in the second oldest recorded deed of the area, land from Cisketando, king of the Yeopim Indian tribe. On March 13, 1662, a second purchase was made from Kilcocanen, another Yeopim. By 1662 Durant was living in Virginia on property adjacent to the Albemarle Sound, which became part of the Carolina colony in 1665. His plantation, called "Wicocombe" (subsequently known as "Durant's Neck"), was located in Perquimans County, North Carolina. The exact location of his home is unknown, but the present town of Durant, on the peninsula between the Perquimans River and the Little River, lies on the neck of land five miles east of Edenton, that was sold to George Durant by the two Indian leaders.
A mariner turned planter, Durant was one of the ablest and most influential men in the county and a leader of the 1677 Culpeper's Rebellion, an uprising over the requirement that all colonial goods be transported in British ships. Durant's open opposition to Seth Sothel, one of the Lords Proprietor, led to his arrest and imprisonment. But when Sothel confiscated 2,000 acres (810 ha) of Durant's property, residents of the Albemarle region rose in defense of Durant and banished Sothel from the area.
The Durant family Bible, printed in 1599 and brought by Durant to the New World, is displayed in a locked cabinet at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
Durant died on February 6, 1692, at the age of 59.
# Desectophis pulcher

Desectophis pulcher is a species of mite in the family Ologamasidae.
# Bounds-checking elimination

In computer science, bounds-checking elimination is a compiler optimization useful in programming languages or runtime systems that enforce bounds checking, the practice of checking every index into an array to verify that the index is within the defined valid range of indexes. Its goal is to detect which of these indexing operations do not need to be validated at runtime, and eliminating those checks.
One common example is accessing an array element, modifying it, and storing the modified value in the same array at the same location. Normally, this example would result in a bounds check when the element is read from the array and a second bounds check when the modified element is stored using the same array index. Bounds-checking elimination could eliminate the second check if the compiler or runtime can determine that neither the array size nor the index could change between the two array operations. Another example occurs when a programmer loops over the elements of the array, and the loop condition guarantees that the index is within the bounds of the array. It may be difficult to detect that the programmer's manual check renders the automatic check redundant. However, it may still be possible for the compiler or runtime to perform proper bounds-checking elimination in this case.

## Implementations
### In natively compiled languages

One technique for bounds-checking elimination is to use a typed static single assignment form representation and for each array to create a new type representing a safe index for that particular array. The first use of a value as an array index results in a runtime type cast (and appropriate check), but subsequently the safe index value can be used without a type cast, without sacrificing correctness or safety.

### In JIT-compiled languages

Just-in-time compiled languages such as Java and C# often check indexes at runtime before accessing arrays. Some just-in-time compilers such as HotSpot are able to eliminate some of these checks if they discover that the index is always within the correct range, or if an earlier check would have already thrown an exception.
# Pterolophia lateralis

Pterolophia lateralis is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Charles Joseph Gahan in 1895. It has a wide distribution in Asia.

## Subspecies

* Pterolophia lateralis lateralis Gahan, 1895
* Pterolophia lateralis formosana Schwarzer, 1925
# Gilliard's flying fox

Gilliard's flying fox (Pteropus gilliardi) is a species of flying fox in the family Pteropodidae. It is endemic to Papua New Guinea. It is known from only three specimens.

## Biology

Their natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests and subtropical or tropical swamps. They prefer to stay solitary or in small groups. They live in a restricted range, and widespread clearing of lowland forests could affect upland habitats.
# Christoph Deutschmann

Christoph Deutschmann (born 15 November 1946 in Stuttgart) is a German sociologist. He currently holds a professorship at the University of Tübingen.
Deutschmann studied sociology as a major, with economics and law as minors, at the Goethe University of Frankfurt am Main, graduating (German Diplom) in 1973 and earning his PhD (German Dr.) there in 1975. From 1976 to 1984, he worked as a research assistant at the Institute for Social Research, home of the Frankfurt School and Critical Theory. In 1987, he habilitated in the Social Sciences at Goethe University Frankfurt. Since 1989, he is professor for Social and Behavioural Sciences in Tübingen.
His research is mainly in the field of economic sociology, dealing with the role of money in modernization and for the affluent society; he criticizes money as being the new religion of the secular and capitalist society. Deutschmann is a proponent of Keynesianism suggests to overcome growth imperatives.
# Yicheng

Yicheng may refer to:
* Yicheng (monk) (1927–2017), Chinese Buddhist monk
* Hu Yicheng (born 1998), Chinese trampoline gymnast
* Yicheng, Hubei (宜城市), county-level city of Xiangyang
* Yicheng County (翼城县), Shanxi
* Yicheng District, Zaozhuang (峄城区), Shandong
* Yicheng District, Zhumadian (驿城区), Henan
* Yicheng, Hebei (邑城镇), town in Wu'an
* Yicheng, Jiangxi (义成镇), town in Zhangshu
* Yicheng Subdistrict, Hefei (义城街道), in Baohe District, Hefei, Anhui
* Yicheng Subdistrict, Yixing (宜城街道), Jiangsu
* Yicheng Subdistrict, Zhenjiang (宜城街道), in Dantu District, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu
* Beijing Yicheng Bioelectronics Technology Company, manufacturer of medical devices
# Goulburn Evening Penny Post

The Goulburn Evening Penny Post was an English-language newspaper published in Goulburn, New South Wales, Australia from 1870 until 1957. At various times the paper was known as Goulburn Evening Penny Post, and Southern Counties General Advertiser, Goulburn and Queanbeyan Evening Penny Post and Southern Counties General Advertiser, Goulburn and Queanbeyan Evening Penny Post and Goulburn Evening Post, and later absorbed a rival newspaper, the Goulburn Herald, before finally shortening its name to the Goulburn Post.

## History

The newspaper first appeared in 1870 under the masthead Goulburn Evening Penny Post, and Southern Counties General Advertiser and was published three times per week by Thomas Daniel and George Grey. It is one of the earlier newspapers in the colony commencing publication in 1870, thirty years before the federation of Australia. The paper changed names several times:
| Masthead | Years of publication |
| Goulburn Evening Penny Post, and Southern Counties General Advertiser | 1870–1876 |
| Goulburn and Queanbeyan Evening Penny Post, and Southern Counties General Advertiser | 1876–1878 |
| Goulburn and Queanbeyan Evening Penny Post | 1878–1880 |
| Goulburn Evening Penny Post | 1881–1940 |
| Goulburn Evening Post | 1940–1982 |
| Goulburn Post | 1982–present |
A special edition of the Goulburn Evening Penny Post was issued on 25 October 1920, to commemorate the 100th anniversary of the founding of the city of Goulburn.

## Digitisation

The various versions of the paper have been digitised up until 1953 as part of the Australian Newspapers Digitisation Program project hosted by the National Library of Australia.
# Porpomiris

Porpomiris is a genus of plant bugs in the family Miridae. There are at least three described species in Porpomiris.

## Species

These three species belong to the genus Porpomiris:
* Porpomiris campinensis Carvalho, 1947
* Porpomiris curtulus (Reuter, 1909)
* Porpomiris picturatus Berg, 1883
# W83

W83 may refer to:
* Icosidodecadodecahedron
* Whitin Observatory
# Parker Thomson

Parker Thomson (1932–2017) was an American lawyer.

## Early life and education

Thomson was born in Troy, New York, to a history professor from Russell Sage College. During his childhood, he attended Troy Savings Bank Music Hall, and later The Albany Academy before coming to Princeton University where he majored in the Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs and wrote his dissertation on the "U.S. Foreign Policy and the Schuman Plan".

## Career
### Lawyer career

Initially trained in Harvard Law School, Thomson joined Hogan Lovells. From 1968 to 1983 he worked closely with Dan Paul, fellow Harvard graduate, to form Paul & Thomson law firm. During his time as a lawyer, Thomson represented periodicals such as Miami Herald in Miami Herald Publishing Co. v. Tornillo case in 1974 and The New York Times as well as corporations such as AT&T and Bank of America. He also did many pro bono cases for various organizations, including League of Women Voters, the Audubon Society, and Miccosukee tribe.
Two years after Paul & Thomson law firm split, Thomson became a chairman of the Dade County Fair Campaign Practices Committee. The same year, he also became a critic of Miami electoral campaigns, criticizing the candidates for being racist toward minorities. During those timers, he along with Dade Republican Party chairman Jeb Bush and Dade Democratic Party chairman Richard Pettigrew formulated a statement of fair campaign practices, a pledge candidates could sign to keep prejudice out of politics.
That pledge eventually led to Maurice Ferré dropping two advisors from his campaign for racist attack against his rival Marvin Dunn. Thomson was also a mentor to Rafael Peñalver, a Miami lawyer who succeeded him as chairman of the committee.
In 1998, Thomson represented Gianni Versace family, winning injunction following reports of stolen autopsy photos of the slain fashion designer. He also defended Teresa Earnhardt, the wife of Dale Earnhardt, who wanted to put her husband's autopsy photos under protection. The settlement was then signed by Teresa Earnhardt and the U.S. Supreme Court in 2001, which granted news organizations expert permission to examine the photos without making them public.

### Philanthropy

As a philanthropist, Thomson led a drive to create the $300 million Adrienne Arsht Center for the Performing Arts in Miami, which opened in 2006. He and his daughter, Meg Daly, had collaborated along with Jorge A. Plasencia in a non-profit organization, Friends of the Underline. At the organization, Thomson served as director and was an advocate for transforming Miami-Dade Metrorail into a 10-mile neighborhood park.

## Death and legacy

Following his death in November 2017, in Coral Gables, Florida, The Florida Bar created awards in Thomson's honor which is awarded to journalists in two categories: $500 and $250.
# Deutsche Film- und Fernsehakademie Berlin

The Deutsche Film- und Fernsehakademie Berlin (DFFB, German Film and Television Academy Berlin) is a film school in Berlin, Germany. It was founded in 1966.
In the German film school rankings by FOCUS in 2006 (Issue 22), the DFFB was ranked 2nd along with the Academy of Media Arts Cologne and the international filmschool cologne, behind only the Film Academy Baden-Wuerttemberg. Evaluation criteria included the reputation of the university, the support for students, the technical equipment and the number of awards won.
Rainer Werner Fassbinder applied for a place at the DFFB twice, but was refused. Alumni from the inaugural class include Harun Farocki and Skip Norman.
# Emilia Pisani Belserene

Emilia Pauline Pisani (Lee) Belserene (December 12, 1922 – December 11, 2012) was an American astronomer specializing in the observation of variable stars and recognized as an expert on RR Lyrae variable stars. She became known for her work as the director of the Maria Mitchell Observatory in Nantucket and for her biographical writings on Maria Mitchell.

## Education and career

Belserene was a student at New Rochelle High School, and was awarded a full scholarship to Smith College. She became the only astronomy student there, with astronomer Clinton B. Ford as a faculty mentor. She graduated summa cum laude in 1943, and went to Columbia University for part-time graduate study while at the same time raising a family and teaching part-time at Hunter College.
She completed her Ph.D. in 1953. Her dissertation, Period changes of variable stars in Messier 3, was supervised by Martin Schwarzschild. It involved observations using the 36-inch refracting telescope at the Lick Observatory in California; although this telescope had long been in use, with first light in 1888, Belserene was the first woman to use it.
She became a professor of astronomy at Lehman College and then, in 1979, was hired as director of the Maria Mitchell Observatory. In her period as director of the observatory, she supervised many student research projects involving the observations of variable stars, and the analysis of those observations using computer algorithms she had written, leading to over 100 publications.
She retired in 1991, moved to Port Angeles, Washington, and died on December 11, 2012.

## Recognition

Belserene was named a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science in 1959.
# Bulrush Lake

Bulrush Lake may refer to:
# Christoph Dieckmann (historian)

Christoph Dieckmann (born 1960) is a German historian and author.

## Life

Dieckmann studied history, sociology and economics at University of Göttingen, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, and the University of Hamburg. He received his doctorate in 2003 at University of Freiburg under the supervision of Ulrich Herbert, his dissertation focused on the German WWII policy in Lithuania, and his subsequent research and work has focused on the same topic.
Dieckmann taught modern history at Keele University from 2005 to 2014. He subsequently worked on the Yiddish Historiography on the Russian Civil War at the Fritz Bauer Institut. Since 2017, he has been with the University of Bern.
In 2012, he was awarded the Yad Vashem International Book Prize for Holocaust Research for his two volume work Deutsche Besatzungspolitik in Litauen 1941-1944 ("German Occupation Policy in Lithuania 1941-1944.").

## Books

* Deutsche Besatzungspolitik in Litauen 1941–1944, 2 Bände, Wallstein, Göttingen 2011, ISBN 978-3-8353-0929-6 (Dissertation Universität Freiburg im Breisgau 2003, 2 Bände)
* Im Ghetto 1939–1945. Neue Forschungen zu Alltag und Umfeld, hrsg. zus. mit Babette Quinkert, Wallstein, Göttingen 2009, ISBN 978-3-8353-0510-6.
* Kooperation und Verbrechen. Formen der »Kollaboration« im östlichen Europa 1939–1945, hrsg. zus. mit Babette Quinkert und Tatjana Tönsmeyer, Wallstein Verlag, Göttingen 2003
* Die nationalsozialistischen Konzentrationslager. Entwicklung und Struktur, hrsg. zus. mit Karin Orth und Ulrich Herbert, Wallstein Verlag, Göttingen 1998
# Katze im Sack

Katze im Sack (English title: Let the Cat Out of the Bag) is a German drama film directed by Florian Schwarz [de] and written by Michael Proehl. The film's tagline translates to English as A romantic film for those who don't like romantic films. Set primarily in Leipzig, two apparently lost souls find one another but struggle to find romance against circumstances and their own divisive personalities.
The two lead characters, Karl played by Christoph Bach and Doris Jule Böwe, have a chance meeting on a train. The pair steal minor items from one another during the journey and that theft leads Karl to attempt to track down Doris to her place of work at a bar in Leipzig. Once in Leipzig, the pair each make convoluted attempts to get to know the other in a series of events coloured by disaffected members of Leipzig society including an older male friend of Doris and a brothel owner.

## Awards

The film was awarded the First Steps Award as Best Young Filmmakers Award in 2004. At the Max-Ophüls-Festival 2005 it received the best music award. The film was also shown at the Berlinale.
# Posle mene (song)

"Posle mene" (English: After Me) is a song recorded by Serbian-Turkish recording artist Emina Jahović. It was released in 2011 through City Records. The song was written and composed by Emina Jahović. It was produced and recorded in Belgrade by Bojan Dugić (aka Bojan "Genius" Dugic), the Recording Academy's GRAMMY Awards voting member who worked with such best selling artists as Beyoncé, Britney Spears, Jay-Z, and Jennifer Lopez. "Posle mene" was premiered on 22 July 2011 on Prva Srpska Televizija's famous late night talk show Veče sa Ivanom Ivanovićem whereas the other guest of the show was the Deputy Prime Minister Rasim Ljajić, a close family friend of Emina Jahović.
The music video for "Posle mene" was shot in the summer of 2011, in Göcek, Fethiye. The video was directed by Miloš Nadaždin.
# Conditional Access Directive

Directive 98/84/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 November 1998 on the legal protection of services based on, or consisting of, conditional access is a European Union directive in the field of intellectual property law, made under the internal market provisions of the Treaty of Rome. The Directive covers "conditional access services", which are defined as television or radio broadcasts or internet services to which "access [...] in an intelligible form is made conditional upon prior individual authorisation" and payment. Examples are pay-per-view and encrypted television and internet sites which charge for access.
Member States may not restrict the provision of conditional access services which originate in another Member State [Art. 3(2)]. Devices intended to circumvent the access restrictions are prohibited (Art. 4).
The convention formed the basis for the Conditional Access Convention, a convention of the Council of Europe, to which the European Union is a party.
# Doona cordifolia

Doona cordifolia is a species of flowering plant in the family Dipterocarpaceae. It is a tree endemic to Sri Lanka, commonly known as red doon. It is native to southwestern Sri Lanka, where it is a canopy tree in remaining lowland humid evergreen rain forest.

## Sources

* 1 2 Sri Lankan Red List Group (2024). "Shorea cordifolia". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2024: e.T30819A220448324. Retrieved 29 September 2024.
* ↑ "Doona cordifolia Thwaites". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 29 September 2024.
* This Dipterocarpaceae article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
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# Deutsche Evangelische Christuskirche

The Deutsche Evangelische Christuskirche is a church on Montpelier Place in Knightsbridge, London. German Christian theologian Julius Rieger has described it as the most significant German church in London.

## History

The church is an offshoot of a congregation, known as the German Chapel Royal, which met at the Savoy Chapel and St James's Palace in Westminster. An earlier German Lutheran congregation had met on the site of Holy Trinity the Less until the 1860s, and latterly at the Hamburg Lutheran Church, alongside the German Hospital in Dalston. From 1901, the Lord Chamberlain's department no longer supported German services at the Chapel Royal, and the congregation relocated to the Eccleston Hall in Victoria.
A dedicated church was funded by Sir John Schroder, 1st Baronet in honour of his late wife, Evelina. In parallel a Deed of Trust was established on 20 December 1904 to ensure the maintenance and the uphold of the building.
The building was designed by the architects Edward Boehmer and Charles G. F. Rees. It was built by Dove Brothers from 1904 to 1905. The stained glass was designed by Franz Xaver Zettler, Ostermann & Hartwein, and Schneiders & Schmolz.
Its dedication on 27 November 1904 was attended by Count Johann Heinrich von Bernstorff, Prince Christian of Schleswig-Holstein, Princess Marie Louise of Schleswig-Holstein, Prince Louis of Battenberg, and Princess Victoria of Hesse and by Rhine.
In May 1946, the German Christian theologian Julius Rieger wrote in a report that this was the most significant German church in London. He added that its congregants were refugees from Nazi Germany for the most part.

## The church today

In 2012 the overall structure of the Trust has been changed to separate the responsibility for the building and the running of the affairs of the congregations. As a result of this restructuring process two charities do now take responsibility for the congregation as well as for the building.
* THE CONGREGATION AT GERMAN CHRIST CHURCH LONDON Registered as a charity in England and Wales No. 1149991
* THE GERMAN CHRIST CHURCH LONDON CHARITY Registered as a charity in England and Wales No. 251120
The congregation is part of a network called "Synod of German-Speaking Lutheran, Reformed and United Congregations in Great-Britain": as well as Christuskirche, it includes congregations in Oxford, Petersham, Farnborough and Reading.
# Dobra Voda (mountain)

Dobra Voda (Macedonian Cyrillic: Добра Вода, Albanian Ujmir) is a mountain near the town of Kičevo in North Macedonia. It is the highest peak of the Čeloica mountain range, at 2062 metres above the sea level. Due to tectonic movements, the height of this peak and surrounding mountains continues to rise. This is actually why North Macedonia experiences moderate earthquakes around this region. The name translated literally means good water.
From the top of this peak it is possible to view many surrounding towns - Gostivar, Kičevo, Tetovo - and nearby villages. The main sources of the Treska river are placed within the Čeloica mountain range.
* The peak looking east to Čeloica mountain.
* Viewed from the TE Oslomej.
# Vídeň (Žďár nad Sázavou District)

Vídeň is a municipality and village in Žďár nad Sázavou District in the Vysočina Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 500 inhabitants.
Vídeň lies approximately 20 kilometres (12 mi) south of Žďár nad Sázavou, 32 km (20 mi) east of Jihlava, and 139 km (86 mi) south-east of Prague.

## History

The first written mention of Vídeň is from 1370.
# Bulrush Lake (Northland)

Bulrush Lake is a small lake on the Aupouri Peninsula in the Northland Region of New Zealand. It has a wetland area (possibly now drained) at its southwest end, but no flow outlet. On the north side of the lake there is an inflow drain. The catchment is predominantly pine forest and pasture, with a small amount scrub to the west.
# DreamLab

DreamLab is a volunteer computing Android and iOS app launched in 2015 by Imperial College London and the Vodafone Foundation.

## Description

The app currently helps to research cancer, COVID-19, new drugs and tropical cyclones. To do this, DreamLab accesses part of the device's processing power, with the user's consent, while the owner is charging their smartphone, to speed up the calculations of the algorithms from Imperial College London.
The aim of the tropical cyclone project is to prepare for climate change risks. Other projects aim to find existing drugs and food molecules that could help people with COVID-19 and other diseases. The performance of 100,000 smartphones would reach the annual output of all research computers at Imperial College in just three months, with a nightly runtime of six hours.
The app was developed in 2015 by the Garvan Institute of Medical Research in Sydney and the Vodafone Foundation. As of May 2020, the project had over 490,000 registered users.