OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Peterhouse school of history

The Peterhouse School of History, named after the college of the same name at the University of Cambridge, focused on the study of "high politics" in history. Maurice Cowling, the most prominent member of the Peterhouse school, described this as consisting of the "fifty or sixty politicians in conscious tension with one another". The school and it adherents were associated with the right-wing conservative politics.
Aside from Cowling, historians generally considered to be part of the Peterhouse school have been Michael Bentley, Alistair B. Cooke, John Adamson, Edward Norman and John Vincent. Although some were no longer at Peterhouse and Cowling himself was not comfortable with the label (preferring "Peterhouse Right") these historians, Cowling stated, also "... share common prejudices – against the higher liberalism and all sorts of liberal rhetoric ... and in favour of irony, geniality and malice as solvents of enthusiasm, virtue and political elevation."
The Peterhouse school see politicians making policy decisions with self-interest their primary goal and ideological principles acting as a kind of smoke screen to cover their true intentions or held because they are politically convenient at the time. Peterhouse historians reject biography as, Cowling argues, it "abstracts a man whose public action should not be abstracted" because politicians' actions cannot be properly understood in isolation but only by their interaction with fellow politicians. Cowling also claimed that the Peterhouse school treated Parliament as an instrument of class warfare and that it borrowed from The Spectator's political columnist Henry Fairlie and Robert Blake's central chapters of his The Unknown Prime Minister the realisation of parliamentary politics as "a spectacle of ambition and manoeuvre".
Maurice Cowling believed that the term had been coined by J. J. Lee, a professor at University College Cork but previously a Fellow of Peterhouse. In Cowling's own words:
   What Professor Lee meant, however, was not a philosophical position but what he called, with a historian's rancour, the "high-political" works which had been written about the history of nineteenth- and twentieth-century English politics by Professor J.R. Vincent, Dr. A.B. Cooke, Dr. Andrew Jones, and myself in the years between 1965 and 1976.
# Li Zhe

Li Zhe may refer to:
* Emperor Zhongzong of Tang (656–710), named Li Zhe, Chinese emperor of the Tang Dynasty
* Li Zhe (footballer) (born 1981), Chinese football player
* Li Zhe (Go player) (born 1989), Chinese Go player
* Li Zhe (tennis) (born 1989), Chinese tennis player
# Lapalux

Stuart Howard, better known by his stage name Lapalux (short for "Lap of Luxury") or LPLX, is an English record producer from Essex. He is known for his experimental use of texture and wonky, off-kilter beats. He has released four LPs to date and has remixed works by Mirrors, The Acid, and Young Thug.

## Career

Prior to producing music under the Lapalux moniker, Stuart released music under the name 'Rude Mummy Not Daddy'.
In 2008, Lapalux released the Forest EP. His 2011 EP, Many Faces Out of Focus, was released on Pictures Music. In 2012, he released two EPs, When You're Gone and Some Other Time, on Flying Lotus' Brainfeeder label.
His debut album, Nostalchic, was released on Brainfeeder in 2013. To promote the album, he collaborated with rapper Busdriver for the track, "Forlorn".
In 2014, he released a seven-minute track, entitled "Movement I, II & III", on Brainfeeder. In that year, he created a new song titled "Make Money", which was included in the expanded Grand Theft Auto V soundtrack that was a part of the re-release of the game on PC, Xbox One, and PlayStation 4 systems.
His second studio album, entitled Lustmore, was released in April 2015.
In June 2017, Howard released his third album, Ruinism.
On November 8, 2019, he released his fourth album Amnioverse.

## Discography
### Albums

* Nostalchic (2013)
* Lustmore (2015)
* Ruinism (2017)
* Amnioverse (2019)

### EPs

* Forest (2011)
* Many Faces Out of Focus (2011)
* When You're Gone (2012)
* Some Other Time (2012)
* The End of Industry (2017)
* ABOVE_BETWEEN_BELOW (2018)
* Esrevoinma (2020)
* Total Reality, Total Chaos (2021)

### Singles

* "Forlorn" (2013)
* "Moveoutofmyway" (2013)
* "Without You (ft. Kerry Leatham)" (2013)
* "Gold" (2013)
* "Guuurl" (2013)
* "Lonesum Tnite" (2014)
* "Movement I, II & III" (2014)
* "Make Money" (2014)
* "Closure (ft. Szjerdene)" (2015)
* "Don't Mean A Thing" (2015)
* "Puzzle (ft. Andreya Triana)" (2015)
* "Rotted Arp (ft. Louisahhh)" (2017)
* "Flickering (ft. JFDR)" (2017)

### Remixes

* Fluker Love - "Soaked (Lapalux Mix)" from Streamer (2010)
* Knxwledge - Highland (Lapalux Remix)
* Mirrors - "Fear of Drowning (Lapalux Remix)" from Deconstructed (2011)
* Bonobo - "Prelude (Lapalux's Finger on the Tape Remix)" from Black Sands Remixed (2012)
* The Acid - Basic Instinct (Lapalux Remix)
* Lianne La Havas - Lost and Found (Lapalux Remix)
* Purple Ferdinand - In My Dreams (Lapalux Remix)
* Andreya Triana - The Best Is Yet To Come (Lapalux Remix)
* Nicolas Godin - Widerstehe Doch Der Sünde (Lapalux Remix)
* Joji - Demons (Lapalux Remix)
# P road

P road may refer to :
* P roads in Belarus, republican roads
* P road in Latvia, first class roads
* P roads in Malaysia, roads in Penang
* P roads in Ukraine, state regional roads
* Corridor P, a highway in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania
# Fratta

Fratta may refer to:

## Places
### Italy
#### Municipalities (comuni)

* Fratta Polesine, in the Province of Rovigo, Veneto
* Fratta Todina, in the Province of Perugia, Umbria
* Frattamaggiore, in the Province of Naples, Campania
* Frattaminore, in the Province of Naples, Campania
* Valera Fratta, in the Province of Lodi, Lombardy

#### Civil parishes (frazioni)

* Fratta (Caneva), in the municipality of Caneva (PN), Friuli-Venezia Giulia
* Fratta (Cortona), in the municipality of Cortona (AR), Tuscany
* Fratta (Fontaniva), in the municipality of Fontaniva (PD), Veneto
* Fratta (Fossalta di Portogruaro), in the municipality of Fossalta di Portogruaro (VE), Veneto
* Fratta (Maniago), in the municipality of Maniago (PN), Friuli-Venezia Giulia
* Fratta (Montefalco), in the municipality of Montefalco (PG), Umbria
* Fratta (Oderzo), in the municipality of Oderzo (TV), Veneto
* Fratta (Romans d'Isonzo), in the municipality of Romans d'Isonzo (GO), Friuli-Venezia Giulia
* Fratta (Rotonda), frazione del comune di Rotonda (PZ), Basilicata
* Fratta (Tarzo), in the municipality of Tarzo (TV), Veneto
* Fratta Terme, in the municipality of Bertinoro (FC), Emilia-Romagna
* Frattaguida, in the municipality of Parrano (TR), Umbria
* Frattavecchia, in the municipality of Castiglione del Lago (PG), Umbria
* La Fratta, in the municipality of Sinalunga (SI), Tuscany

### San Marino

* Fratta or Cesta, one of the three towers of the City of San Marino

## People with the surname

* Domenico Maria Fratta (1696–1763), Italian painter and engraver
# David Embury

David Embury may refer to:
* David A. Embury (1886–1960), American lawyer and author of The Fine Art of Mixing Drinks (1948)
* J. David Embury, Canadian scientist and engineer
# Christians in the Visual Arts

Christians in the Visual Arts (CIVA) is an American visual arts organization working to enhance and explore the relationship between Christian faith and the visual arts. It was founded in 1979. After 45 years CIVA ceased its programming in June 2023.
Gallery instructor Jeremy Hamilton-Arnold describes CIVA's work as "Many of the artists involved [in CIVA] are making art worth showing, sharing, and talking about." It publishes the Seen magazine, and co-curates and co-sponsors traveling art exhibitions.
Contemporary Art and the Church: A Conversation Between Two Worlds, (2017) edited by W. David O. Taylor and Taylor Worley, is a collection of essays based on the 2015 CIVA conference.
# Papilio antimachus

Papilio antimachus, the African giant swallowtail, is a butterfly in the family Papilionidae. With a wingspan between 18 and 23 centimetres (7.1 and 9.1 in), it is the largest butterfly in Africa and among the largest butterflies in the world. The shape of the wings differ between the males and females.
The wings are long and narrow and the ground colour is orange brown with black markings. P. antimachus live in the tropical rainforests of west and central Africa. The distribution area (range) stretches from Angola, Cameroon, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Gabon, Ghana, Ivory Coast, Liberia, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, and Uganda. It is much rarer in the west of its range (Guinea to Cameroon) than in the eastern parts of its range. It probably stays in forest canopy but males come down to mud-puddle. The male is larger than the female and can be seen in groups at nectar. The females show themselves less, continually flying high above the treetops. It has been seen hill-topping in Liberia. The butterfly may have no natural enemies because it is very toxic and advertises it with a resemblance of other similar butterflies including the much smaller Acraea. The larval foodplant is unknown and nothing is published on the early stages (egg, larva, pupa). Cardiac glycosides found in the Imago by Miriam Rothschild indicate that the so-far unidentified larva, most probably, sequesters foodplant toxins which persist through pupation into the imago as an aposematic protection against predation, and therefore that the larval foodplant is probably an asclepiad vine.
The type specimen was probably collected by Henry Smeathman from whose collections it was described by Dru Drury. The specimens were later bought by Alexander Macleay (1767–1848).

## Subspecies

* Papilio antimachus antimachus — Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo, southern Nigeria, Cameroon, Gabon, Congo, Central African Republic, western Democratic Republic of the Congo, southern Sudan, northern Angola
* Papilio antimachus parva Jackson, 1956 — eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo, Uganda
* dorsal view of male imagolateral view of male imagowing venation of femalemagnified head of male Illustrated by Rippon (1894)
* dorsal view of female imagolateral view of female imagolateral view of male imagowing venation of male Illustrated by Rippon (1894)
# Einar Johannessen

Einar Johan Johannessen (9 April 1926 – 13 January 2016) was a Norwegian radio and television personality.
He was born in Halden, and has worked five years as a journalist in Smaalenenes Amtstidende. He took the examen artium in 1947 and graduated from Oslo Teachers' College in 1953, and worked two years as a school teacher. He also worked part-time jobs in the Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation. Among others he worked with Dagsnytt and as a continuity announcer. He then took education at the Norwegian School of Veterinary Science, graduating with the cand.med.vet. degree in 1962. He worked four years as a research assistant and teacher at the School of Veterinary Science.
In 1966 he was hired in the Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation, and anchored Dagsrevyen. He quit Dagsrevyen in 1967, and started working in the public information department. He worked with popular science programs, and especially became known for making medicine-themed orientations. He was often called "the TV doctor" or "the TV physician". From 1972 to 1973 he was on a leave from television and was assisting editor of Tidsskrift for den Norske Lægeforening. In 1977 he was awarded the Riksmål prize Norsk Lytterforenings ærespris. In 1980 he was awarded the Se og Hør readers' TV personality of the year award.
In 1986 a controversy arose. Since August 1985 he had been paid 3000 kr each month by the National Association against Cancer as a consultant. It then became clear that this was against the Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation's rules for secondary jobs. In January 1987 the board of directors, chaired by Halvor Stenstadvold, found Johannessen guilty of breaching the rules. He was stripped of the title as subeditor and was degraded on the wage scale. He was also suspended from presenting a television show for one year. In July the Ministry of Culture, as owner of the Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation, found this to be an illegitimate decision. The board of directors nonetheless chose to uphold the penalty two times, in August and November. In April 1988 the Ministry of Culture definitely overturned the board of directors' decision.
While he was suspended, Johannessen worked for Apotekernes Fællesindkjøp. After he did return, the Director of the Broadcasting Corporation Bjartmar Gjerde declared that he still would not get any airtime. In November 1988 Johannessen applied for a job in the Broadcasting Corporation's district radio in Hedmark. Gjerde then left the position, and in January 1989 Johannessen again appeared in television programs.
He resides in Løten.
# Peterlee & Horden RFC

Peterlee & Horden Rugby Football Club is an English rugby union club who play in the Counties 1 Durham & Northumberland.

## History

Peterlee & Horden Rugby Football Club was formed in 1925 as Horden RFC.
* Official Club History

## Club Structure

Peterlee & Horden have four senior teams within the club.
* 1st Team
* 2nd Team
* 3rd Team
* Ladies Team (Valkyries)

## Current 1st team squad

Note: Flags indicate national union under World Rugby eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-World Rugby nationality.
| Player | Position | Union |
| Callum Robinson | Hooker | England |
| Chris Wood | Hooker | England |
| Harvey Ward | Prop | England |
| Niall Greenlaw | Prop | England |
| Ben Walker | Prop | England |
| Adam Ryan | Prop | England |
| Andrew Wood | Lock | England |
| Liam Syson | Lock | England |
| Craig Heckles | Lock | England |
| Andy White | Lock | England |
| Declan Jones | Back row | England |
| Carl Brown | Back row | England |
| Finlay Ward | Back row | England |
| Jake Morrison | Back row | England |
| Harry Cox | Back row | England |
| Player | Position | Union |
| Neil Hartley | Scrum-half | England |
| Harry Cowell | Scrum-half | England |
| Joe Thubron | Fly-half | England |
| Conor Jones | Fly-half | England |
| Ben Crake | Centre | England |
| Andrew Turner | Centre | England |
| Jay Kennedy | Centre | England |
| David Heckles | Centre | England |
| James Cox | Wing | England |
| Luke Allison | Wing | England |
| Ben Turnbull | Wing | England |
| Scott Pacey | Wing | England |
| Jack Owens | Fullback | England |

## Mini & Junior

Peterlee & Horden have a very successful mini & junior set up with teams from U8 > U18. February 2012, saw Horden (as was) have their U13s, U16s and U18s all in the respective County Cup semi-finals for the 2011/12 season. Peterlee & Horden now have successful U12s, U14s and U16s girls teams.
A number of players from the club have gone on to represent Durham County and the club currently has a number of players at the regional school of rugby.

## Rivals

In recent years, Peterlee & Horden's main rivals have been Hartlepool Rovers. West Hartlepool are the other main local derby.

## Club Honours

* Counties 2 Durham and Northumberland champions (1): 2023-24
* Durham/Northumberland 1 champions (4): 1991–92, 2001–02, 2005–06, 2013–14
* North East 2 Champions (1): 1993–94
# Collegiata di San Michele Arcangelo, Lucignano

The Collegiata di San Michele Arcangelo is Renaissance-style Roman Catholic church located on Via San Giuseppe #1, at one end of the Piazza del Tribunale, in the town of Lucignano, Province of Arezzo, region of Tuscany, Italy.

## History

This collegiate church was designed by Orazio Porta, and built at the site of an ancient castle destroyed during the Florentine-Sienese conflict of 1556. Attached to the castle had been an oratory dedicated to St Michael Archangel. The ruins of the fortress were used to construct this church. The scenographic, baroque, travertine marble stairs, with convex followed by concave levels were designed in 1712 by the Jesuit architect and painter Andrea Pozzo. Only the lower half of the facade was partially complete with brick. Nearly all the stone except for the portal (1715), in pietra serena, remains rough.
The interior houses main altar dedicated to Saints Peter and Paul by Andrea Pozzo. It holds two altarpieces: a Visitation (1631) by Matteo Rosselli and a Glory of St Joseph (1668-1670) by Onorio Marinari. Other works include a St Carlo Borromeo visits those afflicted with plague (1661) and a Martyrdom of St Lucy (1665) by Giacinto Gimignani; a Martyrdom of St Lawrence (1650) by Carpoforo Tencalla (1650); a Last Supper (1615) attributed to Rutilio Manetti; and an Adoration of the Magi (1812) by Luigi Ademollo. The Chapel of the Holy Sacrament has a putatively miraculous 14th-century crucifix, once found in the church of Santa Margherita. This chapel was refurbished by Luigi Ademollo.
# Charles Streynsham Collinson

Charles Streynsham Collinson (1753–1831) was an English official of the East India Company who served as the resident of Beauleah. He later returned to England settling in Sproughton near Ipswich. He was High Sheriff of Suffolk from 11 February 1801 to 2 February 1802.

## Family life

Charles was the son of Michael Collinson, a noted botanist like his father Peter Collinson. His sister Marianne Collinson was also in India and married Edward Close, a merchant. their son Edward Charles Close was born in Rangamati, British India in March 1790.
# Black Cowboys

Black Cowboys may refer to:
* "Black Cowboys", a song by Bruce Springsteen on his 2005 album Devils & Dust
* "Black Cowboys", a song by Jeru the Damaja on his 1996 album Wrath of the Math
# Rehfelde station

Rehfelde station is a railway station in the municipality of Rehfelde in the Märkisch-Oderland district of Brandenburg. It is served by the line RB 26.
# Patricia Lewsley

Patricia Lewsley-Mooney CBE (born 3 March 1957) is an Irish former politician who was the Northern Ireland Commissioner for Children and Young People from 2007 to 2014. She was previously a Social Democratic and Labour Party (SDLP) Member of the Northern Ireland Assembly (MLA) for Lagan Valley from 1998 to 2006.

## Background

Born in Belfast, Lewsley attended the University of Ulster before working as a cook and an advice worker. She is married with five children and six grandchildren.

## Political career

She stood unsuccessfully for the Social Democratic and Labour Party (SDLP) at the 1997 local elections in Belfast.
In 1998, she was elected to the Northern Ireland Assembly representing the Social Democratic and Labour Party in Lagan Valley, a seat she held in 2003. During her time as an MLA she chaired All-Party Assembly Groups on Children and Young People, Disability, Diabetes, Anti-Poverty, and Ethnic minorities. On the day the Assembly was suspended in 2002, she had been due to introduce a Private Members Bill to strengthen child protection arrangements in Northern Ireland, by placing Area Child Protection Committees on a statutory footing.
In 2001, she was elected to Lisburn City Council. She was a co-founder of Shopmobility in Belfast and initiated the appointment of the only Disability/Equal Opportunity Officer in local government.
On 19 December 2006, Lewsley resigned from the Assembly in order to take up a post as Northern Ireland Commissioner for Children and Young People, and took up that post on 8 January 2007. She served two four-year terms as Commissioner and her final term came to an end in January 2015.
She was appointed Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE) in the 2015 New Year Honours for services to children's rights in Northern Ireland.
# Fuser (Unix)

The Unix command fuser is used to show which processes are using a specified computer file, file system, or Unix socket.

## Example

For example, to check process IDs and users accessing a USB drive:
The command displays the process identifiers (PIDs) of processes using the specified files or file systems. In the default display mode, each PID is followed by a letter denoting the type of access:

### c

    current directory.

### e

    executable being run.

### f

    open file.

### F

    open file for writing.

### r

    root directory.

### m

    mmap'ed file or shared library
Only the PIDs are written to standard output. Additional information is written to standard error. This makes it easier to process the output with computer programs.
The command can also be used to check what processes are using a network port:
The command returns a non-zero code if none of the files are accessed or in case of a fatal error. If at least one access has succeeded, fuser returns zero. The output of "fuser" may be useful in diagnosing "resource busy" messages arising when attempting to unmount filesystems.

## Options

POSIX defines the following options:

   ### -c

       Treat the file as a mount point.

   ### -f

       Only report processes accessing the named files.

   ### -u

       Append user names in parentheses to each PID.
psmisc adds the following options, among others:

   ### -k, --kill

       Kill all processes accessing a file by sending a SIGKILL. Use e.g. -HUP or -1 to send a different signal.

   ### -l, --list-signals

       List all supported signal names.

   ### -i, --interactive

       Prompt before killing a process.

   ### -v, --verbose

       verbose mode

   ### -a, --all

       Display all files. Without this option, only files accessed by at least one process are shown.

   ### -m, --mount

       Same as -c. Treat all following path names as files on a mounted file system or block device. All processes accessing files on that file system are listed.

## Related commands

* The list of all open files and the processes that have them open can be obtained through the lsof command.
* The equivalent command on BSD operating systems is fstat(1).
# Palimpsest (geology)

In geology, a palimpsest is a geographical feature composed of superimposed structures created at different times. Palimpsest is beginning to be used by glaciologists to describe contradicting glacial flow indicators, usually consisting of smaller indicators (i.e., striae) overprinted upon larger features (i.e., stoss and lee topography, drumlins, etc.).
The name arises by analogy to a medieval palimpsest, a reused parchment manuscript page in which the previous text can sometimes be deciphered.
# Vilma Rudzenskaitė

Vilma Rudzenskaitė (born December 13, 1966) is a Lithuanian orienteering competitor. She received a bronze medal in relay at the 2002 European Orienteering Championships in Sümeg, together with Giedrė Voverienė and Ieva Sargautytė. The same Lithuanian team finished 4th at the 2003 World Orienteering Championships in Rapperswil-Jona.
# Peterlee Community Hospital

Peterlee Community Hospital is a health facility in O'Neill Drive, Peterlee, County Durham, England. It is managed by North Tees and Hartlepool NHS Foundation Trust.

## History

The facility was commissioned after pressure from local members of parliament to provide modern healthcare in this growing industrial area. After appropriate ground condition surveys, construction started and it opened as Peterlee Community Hospital in the late 1990s. The urgent care centre closed for overnight treatment in late 2019.
# Primero de Mayo Department

Primero de Mayo is a south eastern department of Chaco Province in Argentina.
The provincial subdivision has a population of about 9,000 inhabitants in an area of 1,864 km$^2$, and its capital city is Margarita Belén, which is located around 1,035 km from the Capital federal.

## Settlements

* Colonia Benítez
* Margarita Belén
* Barrio San Pedro Pescador