OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# German submarine U-225

German submarine U-225 was a Type VIIC U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II.
Ordered on 15 August 1940 from the Germaniawerft shipyard in Kiel, she was laid down on 3 September 1941 as yard number 655, launched on 28 May 1942 and commissioned on 11 July.

## Design

German Type VIIC submarines were preceded by the shorter Type VIIB submarines. U-225 had a displacement of 769 tonnes (757 long tons) when at the surface and 871 tonnes (857 long tons) while submerged. She had a total length of 67.10 m (220 ft 2 in), a pressure hull length of 50.50 m (165 ft 8 in), a beam of 6.20 m (20 ft 4 in), a height of 9.60 m (31 ft 6 in), and a draught of 4.74 m (15 ft 7 in). The submarine was powered by two Germaniawerft F46 four-stroke, six-cylinder supercharged diesel engines producing a total of 2,800 to 3,200 metric horsepower (2,060 to 2,350 kW; 2,760 to 3,160 shp) for use while surfaced, two AEG GU 460/8–27 double-acting electric motors producing a total of 750 metric horsepower (550 kW; 740 shp) for use while submerged. She had two shafts and two 1.23 m (4 ft) propellers. The boat was capable of operating at depths of up to 230 metres (750 ft).
The submarine had a maximum surface speed of 17.7 knots (32.8 km/h; 20.4 mph) and a maximum submerged speed of 7.6 knots (14.1 km/h; 8.7 mph). When submerged, the boat could operate for 80 nautical miles (150 km; 92 mi) at 4 knots (7.4 km/h; 4.6 mph); when surfaced, she could travel 8,500 nautical miles (15,700 km; 9,800 mi) at 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph). U-225 was fitted with five 53.3 cm (21 in) torpedo tubes (four fitted at the bow and one at the stern), fourteen torpedoes, one 8.8 cm (3.46 in) SK C/35 naval gun, 220 rounds, and an anti-aircraft gun. The boat had a complement of between forty-four and sixty.

## Service history
### First patrol

She departed from Kiel on her first patrol on 5 December 1942. It was during this patrol that she successfully attacked five vessels in convoy ONS 154. She returned to Brest on 8 January 1943.

### Final Patrol

Less than one month later, she departed from Brest on her second and final patrol on 2 February 1943. After just 21 days, she was sunk.

### Fate

U-225 was attacked and sunk with depth charges by HMS Dianthus with the loss of all 46 crew on 22 February 1943 at position 48°37′N 30°35′W﻿ / ﻿48.617°N 30.583°W﻿ / 48.617; -30.583.

## Summary of raiding history

| Date | Ship Name | Nationality | Tonnage (GRT) | Fate |
| 27 December 1942 | Scottish Heather | United Kingdom | 7,087 | Damaged |
| 28 December 1942 | Melmore Head | United Kingdom | 5,273 | Sunk |
| 28 December 1942 | Ville de Rouen | United Kingdom | 5,598 | Damaged |
| 28 December 1942 | President Francqui | Belgium | 4,919 | Damaged |
| 28 December 1942 | Empire Shackleton | United Kingdom | 7,068 | Damaged |
# Desmond Hughes

Air Vice-Marshal Frederick Desmond Hughes, CB, CBE, DSO, DFC & Two Bars, AFC (6 June 1919 – 11 January 1992) was a Royal Air Force officer who served as Air Officer Commanding at No. 18 Group.

## RAF career

Educated at Campbell College, Belfast and Pembroke College, Cambridge, Hughes joined the Royal Air Force as a cadet at the Royal Air Force College Cranwell in September 1939 and was commissioned in October 1939. He served with No. 264 Squadron during the Battle of Britain and became an accomplished night fighter being awarded the Distinguished Flying Cross in April 1941, a bar to his Distinguished Flying Cross in April 1943 and a second bar to his Distinguished Flying Cross in September 1943. He became officer commanding No. 604 Squadron in July 1944 during the latter stages of the Second World War.
After the war Hughes joined the directing staff at the RAF Staff College, Bracknell in 1954, before becoming officer commanding RAF Geilenkirchen in 1959 and then Director of Air Staff Plans at the Air Ministry in January 1963. He went on to be Air Officer Administration at Headquarters RAF Flying Training Command in September 1966, Air Officer Commanding at No. 18 Group in October 1968 and Commandant of the RAF College in March 1970. His last appointment was as Senior Air Staff Officer at Headquarters Near East Air Force in October 1972 before retiring in June 1974.
# Pitcairn PA-3 Orowing

The Pitcairn PA-3 Orowing is an early Pitcairn biplane designed for light commercial use in the early 1920s when aircraft production rates did not meet demand for airmail, training, and passenger aircraft.

## Development

The Orowing was the first production aircraft from Pitcairn. Pitcairn purchased surplus Curtiss Oriole wings and mated them to production fuselages. The name "Orowing" is a mix of the PA-2 "Sesquiwing" and the Curtiss "Oriole". The initial production run also was powered by 250 surplus Curtiss OX-5 engines.

## Design

The three place Biplane was made of welded steel tube fuselage with an OX-5 engine. The aircraft featured dual controls for flight instruction. The wings were purchased from Curtiss and were the same design as a Curtiss Oriole.

## Operational history

Most Orrowing production was sold to Pitcairn Aviation for flight training and charters.
An Orowing flew in the 1926 Ford National Reliability Air Tour.

## Specifications (Pitcairn PA-3 Orowing)

Data from The Pitcairn Aerowing
General characteristics
* Crew: 1
* Capacity: 2 passengers
* Length: 26 ft 2 in (7.98 m)
* Wingspan: 36 ft 0 in (10.97 m)
* Height: 2 ft 2+1⁄2 in (0.673 m)
* Wing area: 338.37 sq ft (31.436 m$^2$)
* Airfoil: RAF 15 modified
* Empty weight: 1,345 lb (610 kg)
* Gross weight: 2,100 lb (953 kg)
* Fuel capacity: 30 US gal (25 imp gal; 110 L)
* Powerplant: 1 × Curtiss OX-5 , 90 hp (67 kW)
* Propellers: 2-bladed
Performance
* Maximum speed: 78 kn (90 mph, 140 km/h)
* Cruise speed: 70 kn (80 mph, 130 km/h)
* Stall speed: 39 kn (45 mph, 72 km/h)
* Range: 350 nmi (400 mi, 640 km)
* Endurance: 4 hr
* Service ceiling: 10,500 ft (3,200 m)
# Gypsy Breynton

Gypsy Breynton is the heroine of an eponymous series of books written by Elizabeth Stuart Phelps.
The books were written in 1866–67 for Sunday schools and so are of an improving nature. Gypsy, as the name indicates, is an impetuous tomboy who lives a chaotic life lacking a system. Her development and experiences provide the basis for the restrained moralizing of the stories.
   All that Mrs. Breynton said does not matter here; but Gypsy is not likely soon to forget it. A few words spoken, just as the conversation ended, became golden mottoes that helped her over many rough places in her life. "It is all the old trouble, Gypsy,— you 'didn't think.' A little self-control, a moment's quiet thought, would have saved all this." "Oh, I know it!" sobbed Gypsy. "That's what always ails me. I'm always doing things, and always sorry for them. I mean to do right, and I cannot remember. ... What shall I do with myself, mother?"
The four books in the series are
* Gypsy Breynton
* Gypsy's Cousin Joy
* Gypsy's Sowing and Reaping
* Gypsy's Year at the Golden Crescent
Gypsy Benton was part of an era introducing tomboyism in American literature. Around this same period, several other similar characters were created, including those in Little Women (1868) by Louisa May Alcott and What Katy Did (1872) by Sarah Chauncey Woolsey.
# Emilio Zavattini

Emilio Zavattini (March 14, 1927 – January 9, 2007) was an Italian particle physicist.

## Biography

He was born in Rimini, Italy and enrolled in the University of Rome La Sapienza as a physics student in 1950 and earned his doctorate in 1954.
Zavattini joined CERN in 1955 and remained a staff member until he retired in 1992. Early in this period he made a short post-doctoral visit to Nevis Laboratory at Columbia University where he worked with Leon Lederman. After retirement, he held a position as a professor at the University of Trieste from 1988–1999.
Zavattini is known for the muon g-2 experiment and the PVLAS experiment at the INFN Laboratory in Legnaro (Padua, Italy). He made contributions within the fields of strong, weak and electromagnetic interactions—especially using muons—both at CERN and at other European and U.S. laboratories. In later years his studies focused on a better understanding of the structure of vacuum.
He was a member of the Accademia dei Lincei.
Zavattini died at the age of 79 of a heart attack.
# Dewas Naka

Dewas Naka is a suburb residential locality in the city of Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India. It got its name from a major industrial-town of Madhya Pradesh Dewas as it is the last suburb before the main Highway starts. Elected Member of the Legislative Assembly is Ramesh Mendola.

## Geography

Dewas Naka is home to the new Iron Market (Loha Mandi) and a slew of industries. It also has various automobile and oil related industrial shops and industries.
Neighbouring suburbs: Talawali Chanda, Lasudia Mori, Vijay Nagar, Manglaya Sadak
Arterial Roads: Agra-Bombay Road (NH 52)

## Politics

Bhanwarkuan area falls under the Indore-2 Assembly Constituency in Indore District. The current elected Member is Ramesh Mendola from the BJP.

## Transport

The nearest railway station is Manglia Gaon railway station. However, it is just a basic station. The Indore Junction railway station is the main junction to catch trains. Public transport such as autos, taxis, magic-vans, city buses are readily available.
Dewas Naka being located on the arterial A.B. Road (Agra–Bombay Road NH 52), several City Bus routes serve the area, with fares ranging from ₹10.00 to ₹25.00 or even more depending on distance. Bus Routes passing by main Niranjanpur Square are
| S. No. | Route No. | Start | End |
| 1 | iBus | Rajiv Gandhi Circle | Dewas Naka |
| 2 | 26 | Railway Station | Kshipra |
| 3 | 17 | Railway Station | Manglia Toll Naka |
| 4 | 18A | Rajwada Circle | Dewas Naka |

## Places of interest

* Lasudia Lake
* APJ Abdul Kalam University: a private university
* TATA IoN Centre
# WLTO (disambiguation)

WLTO is a radio station (102.5 FM) licensed to Nicholasville, Kentucky.
WLTO may also refer to:
* WCMW-FM, a radio station (105.7 FM) licensed to Harbor Springs, Michigan, which held the call sign WLTO from 1988 to 1993
* WLUB, a radio station (105.7 FM) licensed to Augusta, Georgia, which held the call sign WLTO in 1986
* WNMA, a radio station (1210 AM) licensed to Miami Springs, Florida, which held the call sign WLTO from 1969 to 1974
* When Love Takes Over, a song released by French DJ and producer David Guetta and American singer Kelly Rowland in 2009
# Drosera ultramafica

Drosera ultramafica is a species of sundew native to the highlands of Malesia. It is thought to be most closely related to Drosera spatulata, Drosera neocaledonica and Drosera oblanceolata. The taxon is readily distinguished from the former by its general habit and preference for mafic, upland habitats, and from the latter species by specific morphological differences, in addition to the fact that their geographical ranges do not overlap.
# Acanthoderes linsleyi

Acanthoderes linsleyi is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Chemsak and Hovore in 2002.
# Pitcairn PA-1 Fleetwing

The Pitcairn PA-1 Fleetwing (Pitcairn Aviation - One) is the first biplane designed for air racing and commercial airmail service by Pitcairn Aircraft Company.

## Design

The Fleetwing biplane featured three cockpits capable carrying four revenue sightseeing passengers. The fuselage used (square and round) steel tubing with fabric covering. The squarish fuselage featured a slanted radiator on the front of the lower cowling

## Operational history

The prototype PA-1 crashed after a flight with the control cables rigged backwards. A second aircraft was built shortly afterward.

## Specifications (Pitcairn PA-1 Fleetwing)

Data from Aerofiles
General characteristics
* Capacity: 5
* Length: 25 ft 11 in (7.90 m)
* Wingspan: 38 ft (12 m)
* Powerplant: 1 × Curtiss C-6 , 160 hp (120 kW)
Performance
* Maximum speed: 96 kn (110 mph, 180 km/h)
* Cruise speed: 81 kn (93 mph, 150 km/h)
* Stall speed: 39 kn (45 mph, 72 km/h)
# Powerlifting at the 2016 Summer Paralympics – Men's 97 kg

The men's 97 kg powerlifting event at the 2016 Summer Paralympics was contested on 14 September at Riocentro.

## Records

There are twenty powerlifting events, corresponding to ten weight classes each for men and women. The weight categories were significantly adjusted after the 2012 Games so most of the weights are new for 2016. As a result, no Paralympic record was available for this weight class prior to the competition. The existing world records were as follows.
| Record Type | Weight | Country | Venue | Date |
| World record | 243 kg | Mohamed Eldib (EGY) | Dubai | 18 February 2016 |
| Paralympic record | – | – | – | – |

## Results

| Rank | Name | Body weight (kg) | Attempts (kg) | Attempts (kg) | Attempts (kg) | Attempts (kg) | Result (kg) |
| Rank | Name | Body weight (kg) | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | Result (kg) |
| | Mohamed Eldib (EGY) | 94.57 | 233.0 | 237.0 | 237.0 PR | 244 | 237.0 |
| | Qi Dong (CHN) | 95.27 | 226.0 | 233.0 | 234.0 | – | 233.0 |
| | José de Jesús Castillo (MEX) | 96.41 | 227.0 | 229.0 | 234.0 | – | 229.0 |
| 4 | Saman Razi (IRI) | 95.66 | 221.0 | 226.0 | 229.0 | – | 221.0 |
| 5 | Anton Kriukov (UKR) | 95.97 | 220.0 | 227.0 | 229.0 | – | 220.0 |
| 6 | Abdulazeez Ibrahim (NGR) | 94.77 | 215.0 | 226.0 | – | – | 215.0 |
| 7 | Jong Yee Khie (MAS) | 94.73 | 202.0 | 210.0 | 213.0 | – | 202.0 |
| 8 | Vadim Dukart (KAZ) | 95.79 | 155.0 | 160.0 | 165.0 | – | 165.0 |
| 9 | Akaki Jintcharadze (GEO) | 96.28 | 150.0 | 155.0 | 155.0 | – | 155.0 |
| - | Favio Torres Silva (COL) | 95.74 | 211.0 | 213.0 | 213.0 | – | NMR |
| - | Petar Milenkovic (SRB) | 95.42 | 2225.0 | 222.0 | 222.0 | – | NMR |
# Emilio Zebadúa

Emilio Zebadúa González (January 13, 1961 - ) is a Mexican politician who served as Consejero Electoral of the Federal Electoral Institute (IFE).

## Personal life and education

Zebadúa studied law at the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM)) and received a bachelor's degree in economics from the Instituto Tecnológico Autónomo de México (ITAM). He also holds a doctorate in political science from the Harvard University.

## Political career

In 1996 he was designated Consejero Electoral of the Federal Electoral Institute (IFE) but left that position in 2000 after Governor Pablo Salazar Mendiguchía invited him to become a member of his cabinet in Chiapas. In 2003 Zebadúa was elected to serve in the Chamber of Deputies representing a district in the state of Chiapas.
In 2006 he unsuccessfully tried to obtain the Party of the Democratic Revolution (PRD) candidacy to the Chiapas gubernatorial elections to be held on August 20, 2006. Unable to secure the PRD ticket, he was ultimately selected as the candidate of the New Alliance Party; however, ten days before the election, he called on New Alliance supporters to vote for the PRI-PVEM coalition candidate José Antonio Aguilar Bodegas instead, in a last-ditch attempt to prevent the PRD from winning.
He was mentioned as a main operative in the "Estafa Maestra" affair. He was the Chief Administrative Officer of the Department of Agrarian, Territorial and Urban Development, where Ms. Rosario Robles was Secretary. The affair involved major falsification of documents to obtain payments in federal contracts. Ms. Robles was indicted.
# Parochthiphila argentiseta

Parochthiphila argentiseta is a species of fly in the family Chamaemyiidae. It is present in Turkey.
# Cleopatra (horse)

Cleopatra (foaled 1917 in Kentucky) was an American Champion Thoroughbred racehorse. The filly's sire was Corcyra, a son of three-time the Leading sire in Great Britain and Ireland Polymelus. Her dam was Gallice, a daughter of Gallinule. Cleopatra is probably best remembered for her easy victory in the second running of the Pimlico Oaks on May 17, 1920.

## Racing career
### Two-year-old season

Cleopatra broke her maiden race in her first outing. In her second race, she raced against males in the Hopeful Stakes. In that race at Saratoga Race Course, she placed second to Man o' War in the six furlong sprint. Cleopatra's next start came in the prestigious Champagne Stakes. She won the mile race on dirt going away over males, including the colt Upset.

### Three-year-old season

At age three, Cleopatra strung together six stakes wins and finished in the money in 13 of 15 starts. In April, she finished second in the Ladies Handicap to inaugural Pimlico Oaks winner Milkmaid at Aqueduct Racetrack. On the first Saturday of May, Cleopatra ran 15th as the only filly in the 1920 Kentucky Derby.
In mid-May, trainer William Karrick and owner William R. Coe decided to wheel Cleopatra back 13 days after the Derby and run in the $6,000 the Pimlico Oaks. In only the second running of that race, she was sent off as the morning line favorite and won the mile and a sixteenth race in 1:53.00 flat against a field of nine stakes-winning fillies, including runner-up Arethusa and Rubidium.
While not a top level race, nonetheless Cleopatra's performance in winning the Sun Bonnet Handicap over older mares in June at Belmont Park was described by the Daily Racing Form as sensational.
In July, Cleopatra won the Coaching Club American Oaks, setting a new track record at Belmont Park for the 11-furlong race in 2:18.80. Early in the Saratoga meet, she won the Huron Handicap. In late August, she won the prestigious Alabama Stakes at Saratoga Race Course. In the late autumn, Cleopatra came back to win the Latonia Championship Stakes (in what is now Turfway Park), setting a new track record for the marathon 1 3/4 mile race in 2:56.80. It would turn out to be her last race and she was retired to stand for her owner as a broodmare.
Cleopatra's record in 1920 was 6-5-3 in 15 starts. That year, she accumulated the fourth highest annual earnings for a racehorse ever. She was retrospectively named American Champion Three-Year-Old Filly for 1920 by The Blood-Horse magazine.
# Dominican Friary, Winchester

The Dominican Friary, Winchester, otherwise Winchester Blackfriars, was a priory of the Dominican Order in Winchester, Hampshire, England. It was founded between 1231 and 1234, one of the earliest Dominican foundations in England.
The friary, dedicated to Saint Catherine, was situated in the High Street, near Eastgate, between the River Itchen and Busket Street.
It was dissolved in 1538 and like the other friaries of Winchester its property soon passed into the possession of Winchester College. The site has been fully re-developed and there are no visible remains.
# Englische Schulredensarten für den Sprachenunterricht

Englische Schulredensarten für den Sprachenunterricht (English locutions for the teaching of languages) is a book by German scholar Armin Rückoldt, published in Leipzig in 1909. The book consists of 1027 commonly used phrases in schools in both English and German. According to the author, the phrases are not meant to be memorized, textually quoted or asked in interrogations, but rather to be employed naturally and dynamically, adapting to the different situations and conditions; and thus the command of the language is to be attained fluidly.

## Contents

The book begins with a preface which includes the prologues to the 2 editions of the book, both written by Armin Rückoldt, in which he explains the changes between the two editions (basically minor, modernizing corrections and the elimination of some unimportant phrases) and the objective and correct use of the book.
The book consists of phrases for different situations, grouped in the following chapters (since the titles have been copied literally, the grammar and orthography, in both English and German, may differ from modern usage):
- Verhalten der Schüler während der Pause und vor dem Beginne des Unterrichtes / Conduct of pupils during recreation and before the classes begin - 1-34.
- Ordnung im Schulzimmer / Order in the school-room - 35-85.
- Luft und Licht im Schulzimmer / Air and light in the school-room - 86-141.
- Abwesenheit von Schülern / Absence of pupils - 142-179.
- Zuspätkommen von Schülern / Coming late (Unpunctuality) - 180-213.
- Äußeres der Schüler / Appearance (Look) of pupils - 214-243.
- Körperhaltung der Schüler / Deportment of pupils - 244-277.
- Sachen der Schüler / The pupils' things - 278-390.
- Schriftliche Hausaufgabe / Written home-work - 391-540.
- Schriftliche Klassenarbeit / Written class-work - 541-643.
- Mündliche Aufgaben / Oral tasks - 644-769.
- Schulzucht / Discipline - 770-894.
- Verlassen des Klassenzimmers / Leaving the class-room - 895-905.
- Versetzung und Nichtversetzung / Advancement and remaining in the same class - 906-912.
- Abgang von der Schule / Leaving the school - 913-920.
- Aufnahme in die Schule / Admission the school - 921-955.
- Unterrichtszeit, Ferien, freie Stunden / Lesson-time, holidays, intervals - 956-980.
- Gespräche zwischen Schülern / Conversations between pupils - 981-1027.

## Editions

* Rückoldt, Armin: Englische Schulredensarten für den Sprachunterricht. 2. Edition. Leipzig, Roßberg'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, 1909. 80 Pgs.
# Drosera viridis

Drosera viridis is a semi-erect or rosetted perennial species in the carnivorous plant genus Drosera. It is known only from Brazil, being found in eastern Paraná and São Paulo and central Santa Catarina at elevations from 550–1,100 m (1,800–3,610 ft). It may, however, also be found in adjacent Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay. It typically grows in waterlogged habitats among grasses in white-clayey, reddish lateritic, or humus-rich black-brown soils and is sometimes found submerged with only the leaves above water.
Drosera viridis produces carnivorous leaves that are spatulate, about 5 to 28 mm long, and entirely green, even when exposed to full sun, unlike the related D. communis whose leaves turn red in full sunlight. Each plant produces one to three erect or ascending inflorescences, which are 7.5–30 cm (3–12 in) long, including the scape. Each inflorescence bears two to twelve light to dark lilac-colored flowers. It can be found flowering year-round, though more plants are in flower during the wet season from December to March. This species has a diploid chromosome number of 2n = 20.
Drosera viridis is closely related to D. communis and often occurs in the same regions with it, but D. viridis is restricted to a more narrow range of wet habitats. Where D. viridis and D. communis are sympatric, a few specimens have been found that may be hybrids, though they were weak, indicating that the resulting hybrid cross between these two is rare, infertile, and may not reach maturity.
This species was first described by botanist Fernando Rivadavia in a 2003 issue of the Carnivorous Plant Newsletter, along with three other new Drosera species from Brazil. The type specimen was collected by Rivadavia and M. R. F. Cardoso on 2 February 1996. Other specimens were grown under greenhouse conditions for further observation. Rivadavia chose the specific epithet viridis to refer to the green color of the plants even when exposed to full sun.
# Acanthoderes parvimacula

Acanthoderes parvimacula is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Zajciw in 1964.