OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Charles Rezk

Charles Waldo Rezk (born 26 January 1969) is an American mathematician, specializing in algebraic topology and category theory.

## Education and career

Rezk matriculated at the University of Pennsylvania in 1987 and graduated there in 1991 with B.A. and M.A. in mathematics. In 1996 he received his PhD from MIT with thesis Spaces of Algebra Structures and Cohomology of Operads and advisor Michael J. Hopkins. At Northwestern University Rezk was a faculty member from 1996 to 2001. At the University of Illinois he was an assistant professor from 2001 to 2006 and an associate professor from 2006 to 2014, and has been a full professor since 2014.
He was at the Institute for Advanced Study in the fall of 1999, the spring of 2000, and the spring of 2001. He held visiting positions at MIT in 2006 and at Berkeley's MSRI in 2014. Since 2015 he has been a member of the editorial board of Compositio Mathematica.
Rezk was an invited speaker at the International Congress of Mathematicians in Seoul in 2014. He was elected a Fellow of the American Mathematical Society in the class of 2015 (announced in late 2014).

## Selected publications

* Rezk, Charles (1998). "Notes on the Hopkins-Miller theorem" (PDF). Contemporary Mathematics. 220: 313–366. doi:10.1090/conm/220/03107. ISBN 9780821808054.
* Mahowald, Mark; Rezk, Charles (1999). "Brown-Comenetz duality and the Adams spectral sequence". American Journal of Mathematics. 121 (6): 1153–1177. doi:10.1353/ajm.1999.0043. S2CID 168002.
* Rezk, Charles (2001). "A model for the homotopy theory of homotopy theory". Transactions of the American Mathematical Society. 353 (3): 973–1008. doi:10.1090/S0002-9947-00-02653-2.
* Rezk, Charles; Schwede, Stefan; Shipley, Brooke (2001). "Simplicial structures on model categories and functors". American Journal of Mathematics. 123 (3): 551–575. arXiv:math/0101162. Bibcode:2001math......1162R. doi:10.1353/ajm.2001.0019. S2CID 14472961.
* Goerss, Paul [in German]; Henn, Hans-Werner; Mahowald, Mark; Rezk, Charles (2005). "A resolution of the K(2)-local sphere at the prime 3". Annals of Mathematics. 162 (2): 777–822. arXiv:0706.2175. doi:10.4007/annals.2005.162.777.
* Goerss, P.; Henn, H-.W.; Mahowald, M.; Rezk, C. (2005). "A Resolution of the K(2)-Local Sphere at the Prime 3". Annals of Mathematics. 162 (2): 777–822. arXiv:0706.2175. doi:10.4007/annals.2005.162.777. JSTOR 20159929.
* Rezk, Charles (2006). "The units of a ring spectrum and a logarithmic cohomology operation". Journal of the American Mathematical Society. 19 (4): 969–1015. doi:10.1090/S0894-0347-06-00521-2. ISSN 0894-0347.
* Rezk, Charles (2010). "A cartesian presentation of weak n–categories". Geometry & Topology. 14: 521–571. arXiv:0901.3602. doi:10.2140/gt.2010.14.521.
* Ando, Matthew; Rezk, Charles; Blumberg, Andrew J.; Gepner, David; Hopkins, Michael J. (2014). "An ∞-categorical approach to R-line bundles, R-module Thom spectra, and twisted R-homology". Journal of Topology. 7 (3): 869–893. arXiv:1403.4325. doi:10.1112/jtopol/jtt035. S2CID 119141389.
# Ganna Pustovarova

Ganna Pustovarova (born 1993) is an Uzbekistani weightlifter, competing in the +75 kg category and representing Uzbekistan in international competitions.
She competed at world championships, most recently at the 2010 World Weightlifting Championships.

## Major results

| Year | Venue | Weight | Snatch (kg) | Snatch (kg) | Snatch (kg) | Snatch (kg) | Clean & Jerk (kg) | Clean & Jerk (kg) | Clean & Jerk (kg) | Clean & Jerk (kg) | Total | Rank |
| Year | Venue | Weight | 1 | 2 | 3 | Rank | 1 | 2 | 3 | Rank | Total | Rank |
| World Championships |||||||||||||
| 2010 | Antalya, Turkey | +75 kg | 78 | 78 | 82 | 22 | 97 | 101 | 101 | 23 | 175 | 23 |
# Gannan

Gannan may refer to the following locations in China:
* Gannan County (甘南县), Qiqihar, Heilongjiang
* Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture (甘南藏族自治州), Gansu
* Gannan Xiahe Airport, serving Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture
* Ganzhou, which is often referred to as "Gannan" (赣南)
# Charles Z. Wick

Charles Z. Wick (October 12, 1917 – July 20, 2008) was director of the United States Information Agency (USIA) under President Ronald Reagan (1981–1989). As USIA director, Wick launched the first live global satellite television network.
Wick was born Charles Zwick; he decided working in show business warranted an 'easier name'. Wick also established the Voice of America's Radio Marti broadcasting to Cuba; created RIAS TV in Berlin; headed the International Youth Exchange Initiative; established an office within USIA to implement the General Exchanges Agreement between the U.S. and the former Soviet Union; and created the Artistic Ambassador Program with its international young artists' exchanges.
Wick was an independent businessman involved in the financing and operation of motion picture, television, radio, music, health care, and mortgage industries in the United States and abroad. He was president and chief executive officer of Wick Financial Corp., and Mapleton Enterprises, which he founded in the early 1960s. He was co-chairman of the 1981 Presidential Inaugural Committee.
Wick graduated from the University of Michigan (B.M.) and Case Western Reserve University School of Law (J.D.). He was a member of the California and Ohio Bar Associations.
Wick was on the Advisory Board of USC Center on Public Diplomacy.
Prior to his entering into governmental affairs, he produced such films as Snow White and the Three Stooges (1961).
He died of natural causes at his Los Angeles home at age 90, according to his son, movie producer Douglas Wick, and a report issued by the Ronald Reagan Presidential Foundation.
# PSIM

PSIM may refer to:
* Physical security information management
* PSIM Software, CAD software by Powersim Inc.
* PSIM Yogyakarta, an Indonesian football club
* Maximalist Italian Socialist Party (Partito Socialista Italiano Massimalista, PSIm)
# PRISMA

PRISMA may refer to:
* Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses, an academic reporting standard
* PRISMA (spacecraft), an Italian Space Agency mission
# Charles Henry Granger

Charles Henry Granger (June 13, 1812 – September 8, 1893) was an American itinerant painter who at various times was also a poet, composer, musician, music teacher, sculptor and draftsman.

## Life

Granger studied for two-and-a-half years at West Point before returning to Saco where he started teaching himself piano, drawing, and painting. In 1839, he married Mary Eaton (1811–1888) of Kennebunkport, a town near Saco. Only a few months later, Granger left his bride to embark on a three-year trip to seek further instruction in painting and to establish contact with artists and clients. After brief stopovers in Portsmouth, New Hampshire, Newburyport and Boston, Massachusetts, and New York City, Granger paid more extended visits to Philadelphia, Baltimore, Hagerstown, Maryland, and Washington. His travels are well documented in his diaries and letters.
He received some portrait commissions and other work, but also had to earn income through other means, including leading a church choir, teaching art, tuning pianos, and leading a band. An inventory in the Martha Kettelle's biography: Aloft on Butterflies' Wings: The Story of the Artist Charles Henry Granger and His Family" includes only about forty-one located works, whereas an account in one of Granger's sketchbooks states that between 1832 and 1845, he executed between 187 and 250 oil paintings as well as two sculptures, various poems, musical compositions, and so forth. Eventually, in 1842, the Grangers returned to Saco, although he continued to travel in search of work for several years before settling there permanently in 1847.
In 1866, Granger helped found the York Institute with men from widely different backgrounds, who shared an interest in the pursuit of knowledge. Their pledge was that none of them should die in possession of an uncommunicated historical fact. The stated purpose of the organization was "to promote the study of Natural History; encourage Science and Art; also to collect and preserve whatever relates to the Natural and Civic history of York County." By the 1880s, the Institute could boast of members from across the United States, and corresponding members from all over the world, including Emperor Pedro II of Brazil.
Around 1870, Granger was commissioned by the York Institute to paint a portrait of John James Audubon, which he copied after a painting by Henry Inman. He delivered papers at the Institute on such diverse subjects as ventriloquism and the destruction of forests. Granger continued to paint until late in his life, executing "flower pieces" and portraits which were often copied from daguerreotypes. He died in Saco on September 8, 1893, after a number of illnesses. Granger seldom signed and dated his works. Only a small fraction of Granger's work is known. Granger's works include portraits of George Washington, Abraham Lincoln, John James Audubon, and a copy of the George Stuart portrait of General Henry Knox. The Smithsonian American Art Museum comprehensive listings the Inventory of American Paintings Executed before 1914 include only three paintings by Granger:
# Dikyamaç, Arhavi

Dikyamaç (Laz language: Kamparona; კამპარონა) is a village in the Arhavi District, Artvin Province, Turkey. Its population is 76 (2021).
# Pacifico (album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| PopMatters | (Mixed) |
Pacifico is the first studio album by the rock band The Lassie Foundation. It was originally self-released in 1999, but the band re-released the album on October 31, 2000, on the Grand Theft Autumn label. The album has minor-key melodies and falsetto harmonies. The songs contain much guitar, which give the album a fuzzy, shoegaze feel with a lot of feedback. The album is heavily influenced by both My Bloody Valentine and the Beach Boys. The album was highly acclaimed by AllMusic.

## Track listing

* All songs composed by the band.
* "Scapa Flow" - 1:24
* "Dive Bomber" - 4:21
* "Crown of the Sea" - 4:03
* "She's the Coming Sun/She's Long Gone" - 3:17
* "Come On Let Your Lime Light Shine" - 3:18
* "El Rey" - 4:09
* "The Moon Won't Let You Wait" - 3:35
* "Kisses as Bounties" - 3:13
* "I've Got the Rock and Roll for You" - 4:09
* "Bombers Moon" - 4:38
* "You Are Infinity" - 3:53
# Gangari dialect

Gangari, or Gangadi, (गंगाड़ी gaṅgāṛī), is a dialect of Garhwali spoken primarily in the district of Uttarkashi in the state of Uttarakhand, northern India.
There are three genders (masculine, feminine and neuter) and two numbers (singular and plural). The respective endings for nouns are:
* masculine singular: -o
* masculine plural: -a
* feminine singular: -e
* feminine plural: -ae
* neuter singular: -a
* neuter plural: -a:
# Charles Gottlieb Raue

Charles Gottlieb Raue or Charles Godlove Raue (11 May 1820 – 21 August 1896) was a United States homeopathic physician.

## Biography

He was born in Nieder-Kunnersdorf in Brandenburg. He graduated from the College of Teachers in Bautzen, Saxony, in 1841, and at Philadelphia Medical College in 1850. From 1864 until 1871, he was professor of pathology and practice at the Homeopathic College of Pennsylvania, and at Hahnemann Medical College in Philadelphia.
He died at his home in Philadelphia on 21 August 1896.

## Writings

* Die neue Seelenlehre Dr. Beneke's, nach methodischen Grundsätzen für Lehrer bearbeitet (Bautzen, 1847)
* Special Pathology and Diagnostics with Therapeutic Hints (Philadelphia, 1868); and Annual Record of Homœopathic Literature (New York, 1870).
# Pablo Aranda

Pablo Aranda may refer to:
* Pablo Aranda (footballer) (born 2001), Argentine right-back
* Pablo Aranda (writer) (1968–2020), Spanish writer
# Paasam Oru Vesham

Paasam Oru Vesham (/veɪʃəm/ transl. Affection is a disguise) is a 1987 Indian Tamil-language film directed and co-written by P. Jayadevi. It is based on the novel Sotthupattalam by S. Samuthiram. The film stars Ranjini, Madhuri and Disco Shanti. It was released in December 1987.

## Cast

* Ranjini
* Madhuri
* Disco Shanti
* Vinu Chakravarthy
* Nassar
* Thyagu as Palavesham

## Production

Paasam Oru Vesham is based on the novel Sotthupattalam. S. Samuthiram, who wrote the novel, wrote the film adaptation's dialogues, while the director Jayadevi wrote the screenplay. Filming was completed in five days.

## Soundtrack

The music was composed by Shyam, with lyrics by Vairamuthu.

## Critical reception

The Indian Express wrote that Thyagu "has the makings of a good comedian. Samuthiram's dialogues sometimes acquire a cutting edge. The camera work lacks lustre: the perils of indiscriminate available light photography".
# PECL

The abbreviation PECL can refer to:
* PHP Extension Community Library, a repository of extensions for the PHP programming language
* Positive emitter-coupled logic, a family of digital integrated circuits
* Principles of European Contract Law, a scholarly restatement of the contract law of European legal systems
# PEC 215

PEC 215 is a proposed constitutional amendment to the constitution of Brazil.
It intends to delegate exclusively to Congress the duty of demarcation of indigenous and Quilombola territories, as well as the ratification of land already approved. It would prohibit the expansion of already existing indigenous areas. One of the proposal sections provides compensation of the Union to farmers who have properties absorbed by areas demarcated as indigenous land. The Federal Constitution considers that indigenous lands belong to the Union and, therefore, there is no compensation to those who lose the ownership of the territory when the demarcation is recognized.
Currently, the government and Funai are responsible for demarcation. Under the proposed amendment, indigenous people might only be able to claim an area, they have lived in and used by 1988. It would give Congress the final say on new demarcations, a fact that displeases the indigenous leaders because of the strength of lobbyists. Much of the protected area of indigenous lands and quilombola territories are rain forests being important for water and climate. There are farmers, who have filed an appeal.

## Legislative process

Approval of the bill depends on two rounds of voting in the plenary sessions of the Chamber of Deputies and the Federal Senate, with qualified quorum, that is, with the votes of at least 308 deputies and 49 senators. Parliamentarians opposed to the bill have said they will question its constitutionality in the Supreme Court. The bill needs three fifths of the votes in senate to be approved.
PEC 215 has been proposed in repeated sessions of Congress since 2000, and has been approved in several congressional committee votes. Members of the Chamber of Deputies of PT, PCdoB, PV, PSOL and REDE have advocated against the bill.
Great land owners have a great impact in congress. Protests by indigenous people prevented a vote on PEC 215 in 2014. Indigenous people have protested against the bill in front of the Chamber of Deputies.
# Botrivier

Botrivier is a small town of approximately 10 000 people, situated in the Overberg region of the Western Cape in South Africa.
Village in the former Caledon district, 93 km southeast of Cape Town. It takes its name from the Bot River on the west bank of which it is situated. The form Botrivier is preferred for official use.

## History

Long before Western settlement, this east-facing glen was home to prosperous herders, the Khoi-Khoi, who pastured their livestock in rich pastures along the banks of the “Couga River”. The river flows south towards the marsh Botrivier estuary, and was for centuries the home of contented tribes who savoured the privilege of fresh waters in the water-scarce Cape.
“Rich in fat”, was the river’s name – a tribute to the area’s reputation for “lots of butter”, which the early settlers came in search of to barter for. It was this creamy “botter” (Afrikaans) which gave the “Bot River” its ultimate name.
Later, the hamlet was to become an 18th-century outpost for the Dutch East India Company at Compagnes Drift farm in Botrivier, now home to Beaumont Wines, where the owners have cherished and protected its early heritage. At the same time that a company of soldiers was stationed at the drift at Bot River to monitor who crossed the Cape frontier, Compagnes Drift also developed as a loan farm. Loan farms were owned by the Dutch East India Company. Under this scheme, burghers could rent the land, farm it and profit from it, but they could not own it.
As Napoleon extended his control over Europe, including Holland, the British sought to pre-empt possible French control of the Cape. In January 1806 British forces defeated the Dutch at the battle of Blouberg. Among the handful of Dutch burghers who rendered loyal service in the battle was Servaas Daniel de Kock. As a reward for his service, the Dutch East India Company gave him ownership of the farm he had worked on loan. De Kock planted wheat, vines, fruit trees, vegetables and turmeric—a spice that was in high demand in the curry-loving kitchens of the Cape of Good Hope.
A major event in the life of Botrivier was the arrival of the railway line from Cape Town to Caledon in 1902. In much the same way as the American railway teams forged west in the USA, the Cape tracks were forged through the Hottentots-Holland mountain range above Somerset West – a great engineering feat - and this brought the village of Bot River to its feet when the first trains ran in 1912, allowing villagers, farmers and traders to journey to the Mother City of Cape Town faster than ever before. And the traffic grew from the City into the countryside too.
# Disagree and commit

Disagree and commit is a management principle that individuals are allowed to disagree while a decision is being made, but that once a decision has been made, everybody must commit to implementing the decision. Disagree and commit is a method of avoiding the consensus trap, in which the lack of consensus leads to inaction.

## History

Scott McNealy used the phrase as early as some time between 1983 and 1991, as part of the line "Agree and commit, disagree and commit, or get out of the way".$^{:39}$
The concept has also been attributed to Andrew Grove at Intel.$^{:112}$
Amazon added "Have Backbone; Disagree and Commit" as one of its leadership principles some time in 2010–2011. Amazon CEO Jeff Bezos mentioned the term in his "2016 Letter to Shareholders".

## Organizations that have used the principle

* Sun Microsystems
* Intel$^{:72}$
* Amazon.com
* Netflix
* GitLab
* Chef Software
* Zalando
# Padone Station

Padone Station was a railway station on the Jelgava – Liepāja Railway.
# Gangloff

Gangloff may refer to:

## People

* François Gangloff, a French gymnast and Olympic medalist
* Françoise Levechin-Gangloff, a French classical organist
* Gangulphus, an 8th-century French saint also known at St. Gangloff
* Hope Gangloff, an American painter
* Mark Gangloff, an American competition swimmer and Olympic medalist
* Steven Gangloff, MD, an American physician and cookbook author.

## Places

* Gangloff (Becherbach), a village in the municipality of Becherbach in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany
* Sankt Gangloff, a municipality in Thuringia, Germany

## Other uses

* Gangloff AG, a Swiss-French builder of bodies for cable cars and other vehicles, bought by Calag in 2018
* The Bugatti Gangloff, a virtual concept car
# Distant viewing

Distant viewing may refer to:
* Television, derived from mixed Latin and Greek roots, meaning "far sight"
* Remote viewing, non-sensorial information gathering
# Botanischer Garten der Universität Karlsruhe

The Botanischer Garten der Universität Karlsruhe is a botanical garden maintained by the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology directorate of Peter Nick. It is located at Am Fasanengarten 2, Karlsruhe, Baden-Württemberg, Germany.
The garden contains a total of 5,700 plant species, including 1,930 endangered species per the IUCN Red List or CITES conventions. It has three major missions:
* Research, particularly in understanding the molecular basis of development, growth, and metabolism, with specific projects in Arabidopsis thaliana, Gnetum gnemon, Nicotiana tabacum, Oryza sativa, and Vitis vinifera. The garden currently cultivates over 50 species of wild grape vines for use in research against downy mildew, as well as a collection of wild rice species from all over the world.
* Teaching, for which the garden provides plant material for the courses and is used for field trips and the comparison of plant types.
* Conservation of rare species and varieties of plants, including Althaea hirsuta, Androsace septentivionalis, Apium graveolens, Campanula cervicaria, Cnidium dubium, Equisetum × trachyodon, Gentiana cruziata, Leonurus cardica, Ludwigia palustris, Marsilea quadrifolia, Polystichum braunii, Populus nigra, Salix repens, Scirpus carinatus, Scirpus triqueter, Stipa ioannis, Taraxacum acoriferum, Taraxacum balticiforme, Taraxacum germanicum, Taraxacum pollichii, Trapa natans, Vaccinium x intermedia, Viola uliginosa, and Vitis vinifera L. ssp. sylvestris. It also maintains good collections of succulents and orchids.
# Garcinia cowa

Garcinia cowa, commonly known as cowa fruit or cowa mangosteen is an evergreen plant with edible fruit native to Asia, India, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Malaysia, Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia, and southwest China. The tree is harvested from the wild for its edible fruits and leaves, which are used locally. Flowers are yellow, male & female flowers are separated.
It is locally known as Kau Thekera (কাও থেকেৰা) in Assamese, Kawa or kau in Bengali and Malayalam, Kau in Manipuri.

## Uses
### Culinary

The fruit can be eaten raw and has an acidic flavor. It is used in curries as a tamarind-like flavoring, as well as being used for making pickles. It can be made into slices and sun-dried as a way to preserve it. Its leaves can also be cooked and eaten.

### Folk medicine

In Thailand Garcinia cowa has been used in the local folk medicine, the bark as an antipyretic and antimicrobial, the latex as an antipuretic, and the fruits and leaves to improve blood circulation, as an expectorant for coughs and indigestion, and a laxative. The roots are believed to relieve fevers, and in East India, sun-dried slices of the fruit have been used as a treatment for dysentery.

### Anti-malarial

Studies have found that the bark contains five xanthones with anti-malarial properties in vitro against Plasmodium falciparum.

### Dyes and resins

The bark is also used to produce a yellow dye for clothes. The gum resin is used in varnishes.
# Charles Hedley Strutt

Charles Hedley Strutt (18 April 1849 – 19 December 1926) was a British Conservative Party politician.
He was the son of John James Strutt, the 2nd Baron Rayleigh, and his wife Clara née Vicars. He was educated at Winchester College and at Trinity College, Cambridge, where he graduated in 1871 with 1st class honours in moral science. He became a farmer in Essex, where he was a justice of the peace, and an alderman of Essex County Council.
He was the Member of Parliament for Eastern Essex from 1883 to 1885, when the constituency was divided. At the 1885 general election he unsuccessfully contested the Saffron Walden division of Essex.
After a decade's absence, he returned to the House of Commons as MP for Maldon in Essex from 1895 to 1906.
When not involved in politics he had interests in rubber production and was chairman of the Anglo-Dutch Plantations of Java.