OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Per Ivar Lied

Per Ivar Lied (born 19 July 1970) is a Norwegian civil servant and politician for the Centre Party.
Born in Volda, his father was a farmer and his mother a school headmaster. Lied grew up in Liabygda. After finishing his secondary education in Stranda in 1989, he underwent brief studies at Volda University College, Molde University College and Agder University College before taking the cand.polit. degree at the University of Oslo from 1994 to 1998. He moved on to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs trainee course.
Lied, who chaired the Centre Youth in Møre og Romsdal from 1989 to 1993 and later Møre og Romsdal Centre Party from 1995 to 1997, was elected as a member of Stranda municipal council from 1991 to 1995 and Møre og Romsdal county council from 1991 to 1998. He was elected as a deputy representative to the Parliament of Norway for Møre og Romsdal for the terms 1993–1997, 1997–2001 and 2021–2025.
Lied embarked on a diplomatic career, being stationed in Zagreb from 1999 and Geneva from 2002 to 2005. Following a period when he served at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Oslo, he was stationed as embassy councillor in Warsaw from 2011 to 2013. Lied then quit the foreign service in 2013 to become chief administrative officer of two municipalities, Stranda and Stordal, in 2013. In 2016 he moved on to Ørsta municipality. He also re-entered politics. In 2015 he was elected to Ørsta municipal council, and in 2019 both to Ørsta municipal council and Møre og Romsdal county council.
# Chapak

Chapak or Chepak may refer to:
* Chapak-e Nazemi Mahalleh, village in Gilan, Iran
* Chapak-e Shafi Mahalleh, village in Gilan, Iran
* Chapak Rud, village in Mazandaran, Iran
* Chhapaak or Chapak, 2020 Indian biographical drama film by Meghna Gulzar, based on the life of acid attack survivor Laxmi Agarwal
# Bremecke

Bremecke may refer to following rivers of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany:
* Bremecke (Hoppecke), tributary of the Hoppecke
* Bremecke (Möhne), tributary of the Möhne
# Prosper, North Dakota

Prosper is an unincorporated community in Cass County, in the U.S. state of North Dakota.

## History

Prosper had its start in 1911 when the railroad was extended to that point. A post office was established at Prosper in 1913, and remained in operation until 1968.
# Kapital

Kapital may refer to:

## Literature

* Das Kapital, a theoretical text of Karl Marx
* Kapital (magazine), a Norwegian business magazine
* Kapital (newspaper), weekly newspaper from North Macedonia

## Companies

* Kapital (fashion brand), a Japanese denim and fashion brand
* Kapital Entertainment, an American entertainment company
* Kapital Bank, an Azerbaijani bank
* Kapital Network International, a Eurasian accounting and consulting firm network

## Entertainment

* Kapital, 1992 studio album by Laibach

## Other

* Kapital Bank Arena
* Kapitalanlagegesetzbuch
# Pleuractis

Pleuractis is a genus of mushroom corals in the family Fungiidae. Members of the genus are found growing on reefs in the Indo-Pacific.

## Taxonomy

Although treated as a subgenus of Fungia by Hoeksma (1989), a 2011 paper elevated Pleuractis to generic level.

## Species

The World Register of Marine Species currently lists the following species:
* Pleuractis alta (Nemenzo, 1983)
* Pleuractis granulosa (Klunzinger, 1879)
* Pleuractis gravis (Nemenzo, 1955)
* Pleuractis moluccensis (Van der Horst, 1919)
* Pleuractis paumotensis (Stutchbury, 1833)
* Pleuractis seychellensis (Hoeksema, 1993)
* Pleuractis taiwanensis (Hoeksema and Dai, 1991)
# Condylorrhiza

Condylorrhiza is a genus of moths of the family Crambidae.

## Species

* Condylorrhiza epicapna (Meyrick, 1933)
* Condylorrhiza oculatalis (Möschler, 1890)
* Condylorrhiza vestigialis (Guenée, 1854)
* Condylorrhiza zyphalis (Viette, 1958)
# Boży Dar

Boży Dar may refer to the following places:
* Boży Dar, Lublin County in Lublin Voivodeship (east Poland)
* Boży Dar, Zamość County in Lublin Voivodeship (east Poland)
* Boży Dar, Masovian Voivodeship (east-central Poland)
# Denis Zhivchikov

Denis Zhivchikov (born 1 July 1976) is a Kazakhstani water polo player. He competed in the men's tournament at the 2000 Summer Olympics.
# Dehnhaide station

Dehnhaide is an elevated rapid transit station located in the Hamburg district of Barmbek-Süd, Germany. The station was opened in 1912 and is served by Hamburg U-Bahn line U3.

## Service
### Trains

Dehnhaide is served by Hamburg U-Bahn line U3; departures are every 5 minutes. The travel time to Hamburg Hauptbahnhof takes about 10 minutes.

## Gallery

* Outside view of the station
# Charles Craig

Charles or Charlie Craig may refer to:

## Arts and entertainment

* Charles Craig (actor) (fl. 1900s–1930s), American actor
* Charles Craig (tenor) (1919–1997), English opera singer
* Charlie Craig (songwriter) (1938–2011), American songwriter
* Charlie Craig (screenwriter), American television producer and writer

## Sports

* Charlie Craig (footballer) (1876–1933), Scottish footballer
* Charlie Craig (baseball) (1905–?), American baseball player
* Charles Craig (athlete) (born 1942), American triple jumper

## Others

* Charles C. Craig (1865–1944), American jurist and politician
* Charles Craig (British politician) (1869–1960), Northern Irish politician, Member of Parliament for South Antrim 1903–1922 and Antrim 1922–1929
* Charles L. Craig (1872–1935), comptroller for New York City
# Brembilla (disambiguation)

Brembilla may refer to:
* Brembilla, a former commune in the province of Bergamo, in Lombardy, Italy
** Val Brembilla, a comune resulting from the 2014 merger of Brembilla and Gerosa
* Alberto Brembilla, an Italian basketball player
* Emiliano Brembilla, an Italian swimmer
* Pierre Brembilla, a French association football player in the 1930s and 1940s
# Minuscule 413

Minuscule 413 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), ε 420 (in the Soden numbering), is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. It is dated by a colophon to the year 1302. It has marginalia.

## Description

The codex contains a complete text of the four Gospels on 266 parchment leaves (22.3 cm by 17 cm). The text is written elegantly in one column per page, in 24 lines per page.
The text is divided according to the κεφαλαια (chapters), whose numbers are given at the margin, and their τιτλοι (titles) at the top of the pages. There is also a division according to the Αmmonian Sections (in Mark 241 Sections, the last in 16:20), with references to the Eusebian Canons (written below Ammomnian Section numbers).
It contains the Epistula ad Carpianum, Eusebian Canon tables, Prolegomena, tables of the κεφαλαια (tables of contents) before each Gospel, pictures, subscriptions at the end of each Gospel, numbers of στιχοι, Synaxarion, and Menologion.

## Text

The Greek text of the codex is a representative of the Byzantine text-type. Hermann von Soden classified it to the textual family K$^x$. Aland placed it in Category V. According to the Claremont Profile Method it represents textual family K$^x$ in Luke 1, Luke 10, and Luke 20. It creates also a cluster 413.
It contains the Pericope Adulterae (John 7:53-8:11). In John 8:8 it has additional reading ενος εκαστου αυτων τας αμαρτιας (sins of every one of them) as Codex Nanianus, Minuscule 73, 95, 331, 364, 658, 700, 782, and other manuscripts.

## History

The manuscript was written by Theodosius. It once belonged to the monastery on Sinai peninsula.
Wiedmann and J. G. J. Braun collated some portions of the manuscript for Scholz (1794-1852). The manuscript was added to the list of New Testament manuscripts by Scholz. C. R. Gregory saw it in 1886.
The manuscript is currently housed at the Biblioteca Marciana (Gr. I. 20) in Venice.
# Karkamış Dam

Karkamış Dam is one of the 21 dams of the Southeastern Anatolia Project of Turkey. It is on the Euphrates River. The foundation of the dam was laid in 1996, and is 4.5 kilometres (2.8 mi) from the Syria border. The hydroelectric power plant has a total installed power capacity of 189 megawatts (253,000 hp).
# Elinor Wilson

Elinor Wilson was the president of Assisted Human Reproduction Canada, between February 14, 2007, and September 30, 2012.

## Education

Wilson has a Master of Health Sciences degree from McMaster University, and PhD in administration management from Walden University in Minneapolis, Minnesota.

## Career

In December 2006, Wilson was appointed president of Assisted Human Reproduction Canada (AHRC). The agency is a regulatory agency of the Government of Canada, established by an Act of Parliament. As president, she was responsible for providing strategic leadership, managing the day-to-day activities of the agency, developing corporate strategies and performance measurements, promoting excellence and networking and providing sound and informed advice in a sensitive domain.
Before her appointment with AHRC, Wilson was chief executive officer of the Canadian Public Health Association, responsible for managing an operating program and project budget in excess of $15 million, and for building relationships with stakeholders, members, partners and donors across the public, private and NGO sectors. Wilson has also held a number of increasingly responsible positions with the Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada.
Her professional activities are numerous, including past-member of the Institute of Population and Public Health Advisory Board at the Canadian Institutes of Health Research, and the Canadian Population Health Initiative Board. She was formerly vice president of the World Heart Federation, president of the InterAmerican Heart Federation, and a member of the World Health Organization (WHO) Expert Advisory Group on Global Cessation Policy. During the WHO deliberations on the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) she was the NGO representative on the Canadian Government delegation to the FCTC.
# Geir Ramnefjell

Geir Flaaen Ramnefjell (born 8 June 1981) is a Norwegian journalist, who has served as the political editor of Dagbladet since 2016. He formerly served as the newspaper's culture editor from 2011 to 2016. Ramnefjell started his career as a journalist with Romerikes Blad and joined Dagbladet in 2005. In 2017 he won a SKUP Award for his critical journalism on the Norwegian royal family's economic affairs. He is the son of long-time Dagbladet journalist and editor Erling Ramnefjell.
# Ornament (football club)

Ornament (Chinese: 首飾) is a Hong Kong football club which currently competes in the Hong Kong Third Division. Formed in 1948 by HK Gold & Silver Ornament Workers and Merchants General Union, the club has competed as high as the second tier of Hong Kong football.

## History

In the 1986–1987 season, Ornament was the bottom team of Hong Kong Third B Division League. According to the rules, Ornament would have been disqualified for a year however, Ornament requested a waiver of this requirement and The Hong Kong Football Association later accepted the request.
In the 2001–2002 season, Ornament was placed the second in the Third Division, having been promoted to the Hong Kong Second Division.
In the 2004–2005 season, Ornament was placed 11th of the 12 teams in the Second Division, having relegated to the Hong Kong Third Division League after competing 3 seasons in the Hong Kong Second Division League.
In the 2010–2011 season, Ornament was placed 17th of the 19 teams in the Hong Kong Third A Division League.
# Dysaphis karyakini

Dysaphis karyakini is a species of aphid found near Luvenga, Murmansk province, Russia. It was named in honor of Russian ornithologist A. S. Koryakin (1954–2014). The species was described in 2018.
# Definity (film recorder)

Definity is a digital film recorder produced by CCG Digital Image Technology, designed for motion pictures. It succeeded Agfa-Gevaert's film recorder division and was launched in Las Vegas at NAB in 2004.

## Overview

Definity uses a monochrome high resolution LCD panel to record digital sequences onto motion picture film, rather than the analog technologies previously used. Prior to Definity's release, LCD technology was thought to be unsuitable for film recording due to its limitations in bit depth, temporary image retention (TIR), and less saturated colors.
Definity's imaging unit uses the sub-pixel structure of the LCD to record anamorphic "CinemaScope" material without sacrificing horizontal image information. By using its anamorphic pixels (with an aspect ratio of 3:1) instead of the standard square pixels, flat widescreen material with an aspect ratio of 2.36:1 can be horizontally compressed on the LCD, resulting in a 1.18:1 image that can be transferred onto film without sacrificing image information.
In 2010, CCG Digital Image Technology incorporated a full LED system to increase contrast and density range by using 4320 RGB, which improved speed and contrast ratio.
# Charles Craik

Charles S. Craik is an American chemist, currently at University of California, San Francisco and an Elected Fellow of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences.
# Brian Glennon

Brian Thomas Glennon (born 17 April 1967) is an Irish former rugby union international.
Glennon attended De La Salle College Churchtown and captained their rugby team to the Leinster Schools Rugby Senior Cup title in 1985. A centre, he played his rugby for Lansdowne and Leinster, earning one Ireland cap. He came off the bench against France in the 1993 Five Nations, as a second-half replacement for an injured Phil Danaher.
# Keyboard Sonata No. 33

Keyboard Sonata No. 33 may refer to:
* Piano Sonata Hob. XVI/20, L. 33, in C minor, by Haydn
* Piano Sonata Hob. XVI/33, L. 34, in D major, by Haydn
# Vlado Jug

Vlado Jug (born 6 April 1947) is a Slovenian ice hockey player. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1968 Winter Olympics.
# Paradoris inversa

Paradoris inversa is a species of sea slug, a dorid nudibranch, shell-less marine opisthobranch gastropod mollusks in the family Discodorididae.

## Taxonomy

Defended as valid by Valdés (2002) but considered a synonym of Paradoris indecora by Dayrat (2006)

## Distribution

This marine species occurs off Tenerife, Canary Islands
# French ship Africaine

Five ships of the French Navy have carried the name Africaine:

## List

* Africaine, a felucca (1664)
* Africaine, a Preneuse-class frigate (1798–1816)
* Africaine, the renamed Ems, was a 44-gun frigate wrecked in 1822
* French bateau Africaine (1827) (1827–1833), was a balancelle or bateau purchased at Toulon in 1827, decommissioned in 1833, and struck in 1835.
* Africaine (1839–72), a 40-gun frigate that also served as a transport, convict transport, and service craft. She was struck from the rolls in 1867 while serving as a storage hulk at Martinique. She was broken up in 1872.
* Africaine, an Aurore-class submarine, c.1940s to 1963

## Other

* Africaine, a French 20-gun ship whose seizure by a British privateer in 1804 off Charleston gave rise to an important court case that helped define the extent of U.S. territorial waters.
# Cladobrostis melitricha

Cladobrostis melitricha is a moth of the family Agonoxenidae. It is found in India. It's the sole species in its genus. One of its food sources is Sindora siamensis.
# Dinsmore, Saskatchewan

Dinsmore (2016 population: 289) is a village in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan within the Rural Municipality of Milden No. 286 and Census Division No. 12.

## History

Dinsmore incorporated as a village on November 3, 1913.

## Demographics

In the 2021 Canadian census conducted by Statistics Canada, Dinsmore had a population of 267 living in 125 of its 166 total private dwellings, a change of -7.6% from its 2016 population of 289. With a land area of 2.55 km$^2$ (0.98 sq mi), it had a population density of 104.7/km$^2$ (271.2/sq mi) in 2021.
In the 2016 Canadian census, the Village of Dinsmore recorded a population of 289 living in 132 of its 150 total private dwellings, a 10% decrease from its 2011 population of 318. With a land area of 2.59 km$^2$ (1.00 sq mi), it had a population density of 111.6/km$^2$ (289.0/sq mi) in 2016.
# Donglin movement

The Donglin movement (Chinese: 東林黨; pinyin: Dōnglíndǎng; Wade–Giles: Tung-lin-tang) was an ideological and philosophical movement of the late Ming and early Qing dynasties of China.
The movement was established in 1604, during the Wanli era of Ming, when Gu Xiancheng (1550–1612), a Grand Secretary, and Gao Panlong (高攀龍, 1562–1626), a scholar, restored the Donglin Academy in Wuxi with the financial backing of local gentry and officials.
The motivation for restoring the academy was concern about the state of the bureaucracy and its inability to bring about improvement. The movement represented a resort to moral Confucian traditions as a means of arriving at fresh moral evaluations. Thereafter the academy became a centre of dissent for public affairs in the late Ming and early Qing periods. Many supporters of Donglin were found in the bureaucracy and it became deeply involved in factional politics. The movement got momentum when the Donglin Academy in Wuxi was joined by the academies of the nearby Wujin and Yixing. Donglin men carried on politics not only through bureaucratic maneuverings but also through educated opinion; it involved building reputation and reporting of dreams.
Many of the academy's creators were among the mandarins who a few years previously had forced the Wanli Emperor to appoint his first-born son, Zhu Changluo (the future Taichang Emperor) as the heir to the throne, even though the emperor himself would rather have the throne go to Zhu Changxun (the emperor's son from his favorite concubine, Lady Zheng).
During the reign of the Tianqi Emperor, Donglin opposition to the eunuch Wei Zhongxian resulted in the closure of the academy in 1622 and the torture and execution of its head, Yang Lian, and five other members in 1624. The accession of the Chongzhen Emperor restored the fortunes of the Donglin faction. Later during Chongzhen's reign, Donglin partisans found themselves opposed to the Grand Secretary Wen Tiren, eventually arranging his dismissal in 1637.
The Donglin movement represented growth of the literati influence on the political life in late Imperial China. In this, it was inherited by the Suzhou-centered Fushe movement (復社) before the fall the Ming dynasty, and by the Changzhou School of Thought during the Qing. China's defeat in the Opium War (1839–42) prompted the revival of interest to the Donglin movement, a prominent instance of literati solidarity.
# Karkala taluk

Karkala taluk is a taluk in the Udupi District of the Indian state of Karnataka. The headquarters is the town of Karkala. The taluk's capital has a population of about 26,000.
# Growing teeth

Growing teeth is a bioengineering technology with the ultimate goal to create new full molars in a person or an animal.

## Chronology

* 2002 – British scientists have learned how to grow almost whole, but feeble teeth from single cells.
* 2007 – Japanese scientists have bred mice almost full new teeth, but without a root.
* 2009 – from the stem cells were grown full teeth in mice, and even managed to grow a tooth root, previously it was not possible, but there is a problem, it is that grown teeth were slightly less "native" teeth.
* 2013 - Chinese scientists grow human teeth in mice using stem cells taken from human urine.
* 2015 - Growing New Teeth in the Mouth Using Stem-Cell Dental Implants
* 2018 - Protein disorder–order interplay to guide the growth of hierarchical mineralized structures.

## Methods

* Outer – the tooth is grown separately and implanted in the patient.
* Inner – the tooth is grown directly into the patient's mouth.

## Regenerative Research

* 2012 – Indian researchers found a way to cure and regenerate an infected root canal through stem cell activation. This replaces the old method of removing the tooth nerve.
* 2013 - Swiss researchers regenerate tooth enamel of early cavities using a peptide-based biomaterial.
# Protopannaria campbellensis

Protopannaria campbellensis is a rare species of lichen in the family Pannariaceae. It is found in the southern New Zealand shelf islands. It is unique due to its specific structure and lack of lichen products, which are typically found in related species. The lichen is found in wet grasslands and upland peat bogs.

## Taxonomy

Protopannaria campbellensis was first described as a new species by Dag Øvstedal and Alan Fryday in 2011. The type specimen was discovered on the summit of Mount Dumas on Campbell Island, New Zealand, at an altitude of 503 m (1,650 ft). The species name, campbellensis, refers to its discovery location.

## Description

This lichen species has a brown, heteromerous thallus that forms tufts up to 4–5 cm (1.6–2.0 in) across. It consists of overlapping squamules, with the inner parts being erect, terete, and 4–5 mm high. The marginal squamules are cuneiform and can be up to 2 mm wide with irregular projections. The photobiont (the photosynthetic partner) in this lichen is a cyanobacterium called Nostoc, which has individual cells measuring 3–5 μm in diameter. No lichen products have been detected in Protopannaria campbellensis, which sets it apart from other species in the genus Protopannaria.
Protopannaria campbellensis can be distinguished from similar species, such as P. alcicornis and P. austro-orcadensis, by its broader and flattened marginal lobes and the absence of a distinct lower cortex.

## Habitat and distribution

This lichen species is known only from the summits of mountains on the southern New Zealand shelf islands, specifically Campbell Island and Auckland Island. The type specimen was found growing on acidic soil, while other specimens have been found on montane rocks. Protopannaria campbellensis has not been reported from other nearby islands or mainland New Zealand.
# Palisaded neutrophilic and granulomatous dermatitis

Palisaded neutrophilic and granulomatous dermatitis (PNGS) is usually associated with a well-defined connective tissue disease, lupus erythematosus or rheumatoid arthritis most commonly, and often presents with eroded or ulcerated symmetrically distributed umbilicated papules or nodules on the elbows.

## Signs and symptoms

Typical clinical manifestations include erythematous to violaceous plaques that are symmetrically distributed, skin-colored linear cords involving the lateral trunks, and skin-colored or erythematous papules with crusting, perforation, or umbilication.

## Causes

Palisaded neutrophilic and granulomatous dermaititis is associated with subacute bacterial endocarditis, ledipasvir/sofosbuvir, allopurinol, Hodgkin’s and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, chronic myelomonocytic leukemia, ulcerative colitis, Takayasu arteritis, systemic vasculitis, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), sarcoidosis, rheumatoid arthritis, eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis, chronic uveitis, and adult-onset Still’s disease.

## Treatment

The underlying illness is the main focus of PNGD treatment. Up to 20% of patients may experience spontaneous resolution of the lesions. Topical corticosteroids, NSAIDs (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs), dapsone, prednisone, colchicine, oral tacrolimus, and TNF inhibitors are among the available treatment options.
# Castrillo

Castrillo may refer to:

## People

* Carlos Castrillo (born 1985), football player
* Demetrio Alonso Castrillo (1841–1916), politician and lawyer
* Eduardo Castrillo (born 1942), sculptor
* Lourdes Castrillo Brillantes, author
* Roberto Castrillo (born 1941), sports shooter

## Places

* Castrillo de Cabrera
* Castrillo de Don Juan
* Castrillo de Onielo
* Castrillo de Riopisuerga
* Castrillo de Villavega
* Castrillo de la Guareña
* Castrillo de la Reina
* Castrillo de la Valduerna
* Castrillo de la Vega
* Castrillo del Val
* Castrillo Mota de Judíos