OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Gorgas, Alabama

Gorgas is a settlement in Walker and Tuscaloosa counties, Alabama, United States. It is named, via a former school in the area, after William Crawford Gorgas.

## Geography

Gorgas is located in northern Tuscaloosa and Walker counties. The boundaries of Gorgas were determined by the catchment area of the Gorgas High School.

## History

Originally the settlement had been known simply as "Camp Ground" after the local Bethel Camp Ground Methodist Church. A high school was created in the area named after William Crawford Gorgas c. 1916, and the settlement became known by the same name. The school closed in 1973.
In 1940 a study of the area commissioned by the Tennessee Valley Authority called They Live on The Land was published by sociologists Paul Terry and Verner Sims of the University of Alabama, though Gorgas was renamed the fictional moniker "Upland Bend" in their study. At the time of their study Gorgas consisted of 209 families, of whom 196 households were interviewed, 30 black and 166 white.
A post office operated under the name Gorgas from 1918 to 1971.

## Industry

Beginning from 1917, Gorgas was home to a steam plant for producing energy. The steam plant was owned by the Alabama Power Company. During the 1920s, the steam plant was the subject of a dispute between Alabama Power and Henry Ford, who sought control of a stake in the plant in order to power his development at Muscle Shoals, which Ford ultimately lost. The final Gorgas Coal-powered plant, located in Walker county, finally shut in 2019, more than a 100 years after the first coal-fired plant opened there. At the time of closing, it was Alabama's oldest coal-fired plant.
Beginning in 1947, coal mines in the area, in Walker county, also owned by Alabama Power were the site of the first experiment in in-situ coal gasification in the United States, first using thermite as the ignition source, and then using electricity. The experiments were carried out in a partnership between Alabama Power and the US Bureau of Mines. The experiments continued for seven years until 1953, at which point the US Bureau of Mines withdrew its support for them after the US Congress withdrew funding. In total 6,000 tons of coal were combusted during up to 1953. The experiments succeeded in producing combustible synthetic gas. The experiments were reactivated after 1954, this time with hydrofracturing using a mixture of oil and sand, but finally discontinued in 1958 as uneconomical. The mines continued operation until the 1970s.
# Pselaphothrips

Pselaphothrips is a genus of thrips in the family Phlaeothripidae.

## Species

* Pselaphothrips gigas
* Pselaphothrips pomeroyi
# Para Handy - Master Mariner

Para Handy as Master Mariner is a series produced and broadcast by the BBC, set in the western isles of Scotland in the 1930s, based on the Para Handy books by Neil Munro. It starred Duncan Macrae as Peter "Para Handy" MacFarlane, captain of the puffer Vital Spark.
The series followed the Vital Spark's adventures around the coastal waters of Inner Hebrides and the various schemes that Para Handy would get himself and his crew involved in.
The series was first broadcast in 1959, in black-and-white. Having been subsequently discarded, it is no longer available in the BBC archives. The series was the first of several dramatizations of the "Para Handy" stories, being followed by The Vital Spark in 1965–1966 (remade in 1973–1974) starring Roddy McMillan in the title role, and by The Tales of Para Handy in 1994–1995, starring Gregor Fisher.

## Cast

* Duncan Macrae as Captain Peter "Para Handy" MacFarlane
* John Grieve as Dan Macphail, the engineer
* Roddy McMillan as Dougie Cameron, the mate
* Angus Lennie as Davie "Sunny Jim" Green

## Episodes

| Episode | Title | Original airdate |
| 1 | "Para Handy, Master Mariner" | 11 December 1959 (1959-12-11) |
| 2 | "Para Handy’s Experiment" | 18 December 1959 (1959-12-18) |
| 3 | "A Happy New Year" | 1 January 1960 (1960-01-01) |
| 4 | "The Prize Canary" | 8 January 1960 (1960-01-08) |
| 5 | "Para Handy's Apprentice" | 15 January 1960 (1960-01-15) |
| 6 | "The Marriage Market" | 22 January 1960 (1960-01-22) |
# Derner

Derner is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Gordon Derner (1915–1983), American psychologist
* Lukáš Derner (born 1983), Czech ice hockey player
# Pedobesia

Pedobesia is a genus of green algae in the family Derbesiaceae. Species within this genus can be found in New Zealand.
# Xu Qinan

Xu Qinan (Chinese: 徐芑南; pinyin: Xú Qǐnán; born 4 March 1936) is a Chinese engineer and general designer of deep-sea research submersible Jiaolong. He is an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering (CAE).

## Biography

Xu was born in Shanghai, on March 4, 1936, while his ancestral home is in Zhenhai District of Ningbo, Zhejiang. After graduating from Shanghai Jiao Tong University in 1958, he was assigned to the China Shipbuilding Industry Corporation.
He was elected an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering on December 19, 2013.

## Personal life

Xu married Fang Zhifen (Chinese: 方之芬), their children and grandchildren live in the United States.

## Awards

* First Prize of the National Science and Technology Progress Award
* Second Prize of the National Science and Technology Progress Award
* Science and Technology Award of the Ho Leung Ho Lee Foundation
# Bridge of Spain

Bridge of Spain may refer to:
* Pont d'Espagne, a bridge in the French Pyrenees
* Puente de España, a bridge in Manila, Philippines
# Protestant People's Party

The Protestant People's Party (PPP) was a minor Australian political party which operated in the state of New South Wales (NSW) in the 1940s.
The party contested the 1946 Australian federal election for election to the Senate, in which it gained 7.7% of the vote in NSW (which translated to 3% nationally). This was a particularly impressive result for a minor party at the time, given the strength of the two-party system in Australia during the 1940s. Nevertheless, the result was insufficient to gain the PPP a parliamentary seat. Three years later, the PPP contested the 1949 Australian federal election, but saw its vote collapse to just 1% of the total NSW Senate vote. The PPP was never successful in winning representation to either the NSW or Australian parliaments.
# Gotham Independent Film Awards 2010

The 20th Annual Gotham Independent Film Awards, presented by the Independent Filmmaker Project, were held on November 29, 2010 and were hosted by Patricia Clarkson and Stanley Tucci. The nominees were announced on October 18, 2010.

## Winners and nominees

| Best Feature Winter's Bone Black Swan Blue Valentine The Kids Are All Right Let Me In | Best Documentary Feature The Oath 12th & Delaware Inside Job Public Speaking Sweetgrass |
| Breakthrough Director Kevin Asch – Holy Rollers Lena Dunham – Tiny Furniture Glenn Ficarra and John Requa – I Love You Phillip Morris Tanya Hamilton – Night Catches Us John Wells – The Company Men | Breakthrough Actor Ronald Bronstein – Daddy Longlegs as Lenny Prince Adu – Prince of Broadway as Lucky Greta Gerwig – Greenberg as Florence Marr Jennifer Lawrence – Winter's Bone as Ree Dolly John Ortiz – Jack Goes Boating as Clyde |
| Audience Award Waiting for "Superman" 9000 Needles Brotherhood Winter's Bone White Irish Drinkers | Best Film Not Playing at a Theater Near You Littlerock Kati with an i On Coal River Summer Pasture The Wolf Knife |
| Best Ensemble Performance Winter's Bone – Kevin Breznahan, Dale Dickey, Garret Dillahunt, John Hawkes, Jennifer Lawrence, and Lauren Sweetser The Kids Are All Right – Annette Bening, Josh Hutcherson, Julianne Moore, Mark Ruffalo, and Mia Wasikowska Life During Wartime – Shirley Henderson, Ciarán Hinds, Allison Janney, Michael Lerner, Chris Marquette, Rich Pecci, Paul Reubens, Charlotte Rampling, Ally Sheedy, Dylan Riley Snyder, Renée Taylor, and Michael K. Williams Please Give – Ann Guilbert, Rebecca Hall, Catherine Keener, Thomas Ian Nicholas, Amanda Peet, Oliver Platt, Lois Smith, and Sarah Steele Tiny Furniture – David Call, Grace Dunham, Lena Dunham, Sarah Sophie Flicker, Rachel Howe, Garland Hunter, Isen Hunter, Alex Karpovsky, Jemima Kirke, Amy Seimetz, Laurie Simmons, and Merritt Wever ||

### Gotham Tributes

* Darren Aronofsky
* Robert Duvall
* James Schamus
* Hilary Swank
# Khalid Mobarak Habeeb-Allah Alqurashi

Khalid Mobarak Habeeb-Allah Alqurashi was a citizen of Saudi Arabia. He first became notable in 2003, when the government of Saudi Arabia listed him on the 2003 version of its Saudi list of most wanted terrorists. He was killed in a shootout with Saudi security officials in April 2004.
# Voldi

Voldi is a village in Tartu Parish, Tartu County in Estonia.
# Para El Pueblo

Para El Pueblo is the twenty-sixth studio album by La Mafia released on November 16, 2004.
# Dernere Morne, Haiti

Dernere Morne is a village in the Les Anglais commune of the Chardonnières Arrondissement, in the Sud department of Haiti.
# Pedococcus cremeus

Pedococcus cremeus is a species of Gram positive, strictly aerobic, non-motile, non-endosporeforming bacterium. The species was initially isolated from forest soil from the Changbai Mountains. The species was first described in 2011, and its name refers to the cream-colored colonies the species produces on R2A agar.
The optimum growth temperature for P. cremeus is 29°C and can grow in the 14-35°C range. The optimum pH is 7.0-8.0, and can grow in pH 4.1-10.0.
# Demidoff Chapel of San Donato

The Cappella Demidoff di San Donato, or Demidoff Chapel of San Donato, is occupied at present by the Church of Christ in Florence, and is found on via San Donato. The church was formerly the private chapel of the Villa San Donato, built by the rich Russian noble, Anatoly Nikolaievich Demidov, 1st Prince of San Donato. It belonged to the Russian Orthodox Church. The chapel recalls both the Pantheon in Rome, with its central oculus, and the Villa Capra "La Rotonda" in Vicenza by Andrea Palladio. The entrance has a classical portico. The building is in a dilapidated state.
* Interior
* cupola
* cupola
# Charles Henry Gould

Charles Henry Gould (December 6, 1855 – July 30, 1919) was a Canadian librarian and musician.
Gould attended the High School of Montreal and McGill University, receiving his bachelor's degree in 1877. He started graduate work in physics but never took a further degree. From 1880 to 1887 he was the organist of the American Presbyterian Church in Montreal. In 1892, Gould was appointed as the first university librarian at McGill University. Gould began his service as librarian by traveling through Europe and the United States to learn library administration.
Gould contributed greatly to Canadian culture, scholarship, and librarianship. He hosted the American Library Association's annual meeting in Montreal in 1900 and during that meeting participated in founding the first Canadian library association which became the Ontario Library Association. Gould started the first bibliographical control system for Canadian science. In 1904 Gould started a summer school that became the McGill Library School. Gould is credited with the creation of the modern system of interlibrary loan. In 1916 he chaired the committee of the ALA that produced the first policies for interlibrary loan among libraries.
Gould served as the first Canadian president of the American Library Association from 1908 to 1909. During his tenure, he oversaw the relocation of the ALA headquarters from Boston to Chicago and the adoption of a new constitution for the Association.
Gould was president of the Bibliographical Society of America from 1912 to 1913.
# Doug Hutchinson

Doug Hutchinson is a former mayor of the city of Fort Collins, Colorado.

## Early life and career

Born in Billings, Montana and raised in Fort Collins, Hutchinson graduated from Fort Collins High School and attended Colorado State University, earning a bachelor's degree in chemistry in 1965. After graduation, Hutchinson served for over twenty years in the United States Air Force. During his time in the Air Force, he earned a master's degree in systems management from the University of Southern California in 1976. He retired with the rank of lieutenant colonel in 1989 and then worked as a civilian Department of Defense employee before retiring to Fort Collins in 1999. Hutchinson and his late wife Cathy, have four children and twelve grandchildren.

## Mayor of Fort Collins

After returning to Fort Collins, Hutchinson became involved in politics, and wrote a column on local government for the Fort Collins Coloradoan. Hutchinson ran for mayor in 2005, defeating city council member Bill Bertschy, Libertarian Mark Brophy, and high-school teacher Scott VanTatenhove. During his campaign, he was the beneficiary of support from the Fort Collins Chamber of Commerce in their first endeavor supporting local candidates. The Chamber of Commerce again endorsed Hutchinson during his 2007 campaign for re-election.
Part of a "pro-business" conservative ideological majority during his first two years leading Fort Collins City Council, Hutchinson has expressed a personal desire to maintain balance between economic development and environmental protection. During his first term as mayor, Hutchinson introduced a new city budgeting process, and touted a healing of personal rifts between council members under his leadership. While mayor, he has also been named to the executive board of the Colorado Municipal League, and as a director of the Colorado Climate Project.
In the April 2007 municipal elections, Hutchinson again faced high school teacher Scott VanTatenhove for a second two-year term as mayor., winning re-election overwhelmingly, but facing leadership of a council which saw a shift to a more "progressive" majority.
In the April 2009 municipal elections, Hutchinson was elected to a third two-year term as mayor.
Doug has maintained his philanthropy and service throughout Northern Colorado since his term as mayor ended. Doug has served as the President of the Fort Collins Lions Club, a Community Foundation Trustee since 2012, and the chairman of the board of directors for the Ensight Skills Center which provides low vision rehabilitation to the community. Doug and his family currently reside in Fort Collins.
# Vortex banded mountain snail

The vortex banded mountain snail or whorled mountain snail, scientific name Oreohelix vortex, is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Oreohelicidae. This species is endemic to the United States.
# Gotham Independent Film Awards 2018

The 28th Annual Gotham Independent Film Awards, presented by the Independent Filmmaker Project, were held on November 26, 2018. The nominees were announced on October 18, 2018. Actors Willem Dafoe and Rachel Weisz, director Paul Greengrass and producer Jon Kamen received tribute awards.

## Winners and nominees
### Film

| Best Feature The Rider The Favourite First Reformed If Beale Street Could Talk Madeline's Madeline | Best Documentary Feature Hale County This Morning, This Evening Bisbee '17 Minding the Gap Shirkers Won't You Be My Neighbor? |
| Breakthrough Director Bo Burnham – Eighth Grade Ari Aster – Hereditary Jennifer Fox – The Tale Crystal Moselle – Skate Kitchen Boots Riley – Sorry to Bother You | Breakthrough Actor Elsie Fisher – Eighth Grade as Kayla Day Yalitza Aparicio – Roma as Cleo Helena Howard – Madeline's Madeline as Madeline KiKi Layne – If Beale Street Could Talk as Clementine "Tish" Rivers Thomasin McKenzie – Leave No Trace as Tom |
| Best Actor Ethan Hawke – First Reformed as Reverend Ernst Toller Adam Driver – BlacKkKlansman as Detective Flip Zimmerman Ben Foster – Leave No Trace as Will Richard E. Grant – Can You Ever Forgive Me? as Jack Hock Lakeith Stanfield – Sorry to Bother You as Cassius "Cash" Green | Best Actress Toni Collette – Hereditary as Annie Graham Glenn Close – The Wife as Joan Castleman Kathryn Hahn – Private Life as Rachel Biegler Regina Hall – Support the Girls as Lisa Conroy Michelle Pfeiffer – Where Is Kyra? as Kyra Johnson |
| Best Screenplay Paul Schrader – First Reformed Deborah Davis and Tony McNamara – The Favourite Tamara Jenkins – Private Life Andrew Bujalski – Support the Girls Cory Finley – Thoroughbreds | Audience Award Won't You Be My Neighbor? Bisbee '17 Eighth Grade The Favourite First Reformed Hale County This Morning, This Evening Hereditary If Beale Street Could Talk Madeline's Madeline Minding the Gap The Rider Shirkers Skate Kitchen Sorry to Bother You The Tale |

### Television

| Breakthrough Series – Long Form Killing Eve Alias Grace Big Mouth The End of the F***ing World Pose Sharp Objects | Breakthrough Series – Short Form 195 Lewis Cleaner Daze Distance The F Word She's the Ticket |

## Special awards
### Special Jury Award – Ensemble Performance

* The Favourite – Olivia Colman, Emma Stone, and Rachel Weisz

### Made in NY Award

* Sandra Lee

### Gotham Tributes

* Willem Dafoe
* Paul Greengrass
* Jon Kamen
* Rachel Weisz
# Misak Torlakian

Misak Torlakian (1889 – 12 November 1968) was the assassin of Behbud Khan Javanshir, former Minister of Interior of Azerbaijan, in 1921. Torlakian was admitted "guilty but not responsible" due to his mental condition by a British military tribunal in October 1921.

## Biography

Torlakian was born in 1889 in Trabizond, Ottoman Empire. Joining the Armenian Revolutionary Federation (ARF) at the age of 18, Torlakian succeeded in providing substantial amount of arms from a Turkish army depot in Trabizond for Armenian self-defense units. Tasked to obtain military intelligence during World War, Torlakian, by then a member of a Russian Army scout unit, provided valuable information about Turkish army dispositions. After the Russian withdrawal from the Turkish front in 1918, which allowed the Turks to advance unimpeded towards Yerevan, Torlakian joined Armenian army forces and participated with distinction in the battle of Bash Abaran, under the leadership of General Dro. The battle stopped the Turkish army from advancing any further. The hard-fought victory, along with others in Sardarabad and Karakilise, led to the establishment of the Democratic Republic of Armenia (1918–1920). In 1921, Torlakian was sent by the ARF to Constantinople (nowadays Istanbul) to execute Behbud Khan Javanshir, former Minister of Interior of Azerbaijan, who was assassinated outside the Pera Palace Hotel in Istanbul on July 18, 1921. This killing was part of the "Operation Nemesis" program carried out by the Armenian Revolutionary Federation after the Armenian genocide.
Torlakian was tried by a British military court on August 11, 1921. Misak Torlakian's trial is the twin of the trial of Soghomon Tehlirian. Both trials involved the murder of a government official and both perpetrators were found not guilty. History, theology, philosophy, physiology, psychology, and politics were invoked by both sides to sway the military judge in the case of Torlakian and the jury of peers in the case of Tehlirian. Thus, in addition to being landmark legal cases, these two trials reveal the prevailing mindsets and political strategies of Germans, Turks, Armenians and Azerbaijanis in the aftermath of World War I.
In October 1921, the British tribunal issued a guilty verdict but ruled that he was not responsible for his actions due to his epilepsy. Torlakian was expelled to Greece, where he was released and left for the United States.
He eventually settled in California, where he died in Montebello, California, in 1968. He is buried in the Evergreen Cemetery in East Los Angeles.
# Dernford Fen

Dernford Fen is a 10.3-hectare (25-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest north-west of Sawston in Cambridgeshire.
The site is a rare surviving example of rough fen and carr. Other habitats are dry grassland and scrub, together with ditches and a chalk stream. There are breeding warblers, and the diverse habitats are valuable for amphibians and reptiles.
The site is private land with no public access.
# ESCM-CL

The eSourcing Capability Model for Client Organizations (eSCM-CL) is a capability model intended for those organizations that procure or source IT-enabled services, with two objectives: (1) to provide guidance to client organizations to help them improve their capabilities throughout the lifecycle of the supply, and (2) to provide client organizations with objective means of assessing their sourcing capabilities, delegate one or more of their information technology intensive business activities to a service provider, or to those who wish to assess their sourcing capabilities. It enables client organizations to appraise and improve their capability in fostering the development of more effective relationships, manage these relationships better, and experience less failures in their client-service provider relationship.

## Dimensions

The model is organized in three dimensions:
* Sourcing Life-Cycle
* Capability Area
* Capability Level

## Life-cycle phases

The eSCM-CL model extends the eSCM-SP structure by adding another phase called "Analysis". So it includes ongoing practices together with practices in each of these phases of the sourcing life-cycle: Analysis, Initiation, Delivery and Completion.

## Capability levels

The eSCM-CL is organized as five capability levels:
* Performing Sourcing
* Consistently Managing Sourcing
* Managing Organizational Sourcing Performance
* Proactively Enhancing Value
* Sustaining Excellence

## Capability areas

The eSCM-CL contains 95 practices grouped into 17 groups, described as capability areas:
* Ongoing
** Sourcing Strategy Management
** Government Management
** Relationship Management
** Value Management
** Organizational Change Management
** People Management
** Knowledge Management
** Technology Management
** Threat Management
* Analysis
** Sourcing Opportunity Analysis
** Sourcing Approach
* Initiation
** Sourcing Planning
** Service Provider Evaluation
** Sourcing Agreements
** Service Transfer
* Delivery
** Sourced Services Management
* Completion
** Sourcing Completion