OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Atlantic Superior

Atlantic Superior was a self-unloading bulk carrier owned and operated by Canada Steamship Lines (CSL). The ship was constructed in 1981, launching in 1982 and was the first self-unloading vessel designed, for ocean service, built for CSL. In 1997 the vessel was operated on behalf of National Gypsum Company as M.H. Baker III. In 2003, the ship returned to her former name Atlantic Superior. She was sold for scrap and broken up at Xinhui by Jiangmen Zhong Xin Shipbreaking in 2015.

## Design and description

Atlantic Superior had a gross register tonnage of 24,638 tons and a deadweight tonnage of 38,510. The ship was 222.5 metres (730 ft 0 in) long overall and 216.9 metres (711 ft 7 in) between perpendiculars with a beam of 23.2 metres (76 ft 1 in). The ship was powered by a diesel engine driving one shaft. This gave Atlantic Superior a maximum speed of 15 knots (28 km/h; 17 mph). The ship had a draught of 10.39 metres (34 ft 1 in).
The ship had five holds and had a total capacity including hatches of 38,771 cubic metres (1,369,200 cu ft). The ship could discharge her contents via a 79.55-metre (261.0 ft) boom. The boom could elevate 19.96 metres (65.5 ft) from level and had a total height of 38.5 metres (126 ft). The boom could swing in a 180° arc and sat 35.4 metres (116 ft) from the stern of the ship. The discharge rate was 4,000 tonnes per hour for coal and 5,500 tonnes per hour for ores.

## Service history

Atlantic Superior was laid down by Collingwood Shipbuilding at Collingwood, Ontario and launched on 9 November 1981. The ship was completed on 28 June 1982. On 30 September 1982, in her first year of service, the vessel ran aground on Seven Isle Shoal in the lower reaches of the St. Lawrence River. She ran aground at 4 am in foggy conditions while en route to Quebec City. She was carrying a load of wheat from Thunder Bay, Ontario. 2,000 tons of wheat had to be removed before three tugs were able to free her from the shoal on 1 October 1982.
In 1994 CSL shifted the vessel to the Pacific Ocean. In 1997 the vessel was moved back to the Atlantic Ocean, was renamed M.H. Baker III, and started operating for the National Gypsum Company. CSL continued to own the vessel, and operated it on behalf of National Gypsum under a long-term contract. She was renamed Atlantic Superior in 2003, and CSL operated her on the Great Lakes for several years. CSL operated her largely on the Atlantic Ocean again, making occasional voyages to the Great Lakes.
# Atlantic Sun

The Atlantic Sun is a local newspaper for the West Coast region of Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa. An affiliate of Cape Community Newspapers, the newspaper does not have its own website, but the news is distributed via IOL.
# Paul Mattick (rower)

Paul Mattick (born 25 April 1978, in Bath) is a British rower who competed at the 2008 Summer Olympics.

## Rowing career

Mattick competed in the men's lightweight coxless four at the 2008 Olympic Games and studied at Hertford College, Oxford.
He was part of the British squad that topped the medal table at the 2011 World Rowing Championships in Bled, where he won a bronze medal as part of the lightweight coxless four with Richard Chambers, Chris Bartley and Rob Williams.
# Watermouth

Watermouth is a sheltered bay and hamlet between Hele Bay and Combe Martin on the North Devon coast of England. The settlement's castle, named as Watermouth Castle, is currently used being as a theme park. Watermouth harbour is shielded by the natural breakwater of Sexton's Burrows. Watermouth Valley Camping Park can be found in Watermouth.
# Navlinsky District

Navlinsky District (Russian: На́влинский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-seven in Bryansk Oblast, Russia. It is located in the east of the oblast. The area of the district is 2,012 square kilometers (777 sq mi). Its administrative center is the urban locality (a work settlement) of Navlya. Population:26,906 (2021 Census); 28,341 (2010 Census); 29,783 (2002 Census); 32,189 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Navlya accounts for 57.7% of the district's total population.
# Eosentomon pasohense

Eosentomon pasohense is a species of proturan in the family Eosentomidae. It is found in Southern Asia.
# Erbil Marathon

The Erbil Marathon is an annual marathon in Erbil, Kurdistan Region. The first marathon was held in 2011. The finish line is in Sami Abdulrahman Park. athletes from around the world come and participate in the Marathon, it's held every October, every year.

## Results

Key:  Course record  2015: 21km, 2017: 10km/5km
| Edition | Year | Men's winner | Time (h:m:s) | Women's winner | Time (h:m:s) |
| 1st | 2011 | Rawand Ali Ahmed (IRQ) | 2:48:00 | Dalia Ahmed (IRQ) | n/a |
| 2nd | 2012 | | | Caitlin Hurley (USA) | 3:21:00 |
| 3rd | 2013 | Vincent Cheruiyot (KEN) | 2:33:49 | Bornes Kitur (KEN) | 3:25:18 |
| — | 2014 | Did not held | Did not held | Did not held | Did not held |
| 4th | 2015 | Muhammad Waisy (IRQ) | n/a | Bashri Rauf Saleh (IRQ) | n/a |
| 5th | 2016 | Veysi Aslan (TUR) | 2:52:25 | Frida Södermark (SWE) | 3:33:25 |
| – | 2017 | Marathon race was cancelled due to flight ban, only the 10km & 5km races took place. | Marathon race was cancelled due to flight ban, only the 10km & 5km races took place. | Marathon race was cancelled due to flight ban, only the 10km & 5km races took place. | Marathon race was cancelled due to flight ban, only the 10km & 5km races took place. |
| 6th | 2018 | Anton Lindholm (SWE) | 3:07:02 | Katherine Dutko (USA) | 3:58:05 |
| 7th | 2019 | Isaac Prop (KEN) | 2:25:02 | Faith Kiptoo (KEN) | 3:08:15 |
# Ben Compton

Ben Compton can refer to:
* Ben Compton (American football)
* Ben Compton (cricketer)
# NGC 4318

NGC 4318 is a small lenticular galaxy located about 72 million light-years away in the constellation Virgo. It was discovered by astronomer John Herschel on January 18, 1828. NGC 4318 is a member of the Virgo W′ group, a group of galaxies in the background of the Virgo Cluster that is centered on the giant elliptical galaxy NGC 4365.

## Physical characteristics

NGC 4318 contains a small, classical bulge and a nuclear stellar disc with a diameter of ~230 ly (70 pc). Outside the nuclear stellar disc lies a sharply bounded, low surface brightness region with a diameter of ~1,800 ly (560 pc) beyond which lies a larger outer disk.

## Black Hole

NGC 4318 harbors a supermassive black hole with an estimated mass of 4 million (5×10$^6$ M☉) solar masses.

## Globular clusters

NGC 4318 is surrounded by 18 globular clusters.
# Elsie Palmer Payne

Elsie Palmer Payne (1884 – 1971) was an American painter known for her landscape and genre painting.
Payne was born in San Antonio, Texas on September 9, 1884. She attended Best Art School in San Francisco. In 1912 she married fellow artist Edgar Alwin Payne, with whom she had one child, Evelyn, born in 1914. The couple resided in Chicago for several years and, at that time, Payne assisted her husband in creating several murals. The couple relocated to California in 1918. They both were founding members of the Laguna Beach Art Association.
The family led a peripatetic life, visiting Europe several times and living for a time in New York. The couple separated in 1932. Payne settled in Los Angeles. There she taught art and continued her painting. Payne exhibited regularly, including at the Palette and Chisel Club, the Laguna Beach Art Association, the Los Angeles County Museum of Art, and the Pasadena Art Institute.
She reunited with her husband in 1946 and she took care of him until his death from cancer in 1947.
Payne died in Minneapolis, Minnesota on June 17, 1971.
Her work is in the Laguna Art Museum and the Minneapolis Institute of Art.
In 1988 the Carnegie Art Museum held a retrospective of her work entitled Elsie Palmer Payne; Out of the Shadow.
# Center for Advanced Research and Technology

The Center for Advanced Research and Technology (CART) is a high tech high school in Clovis, California, United States.
The CART facility is about 75,000 sq ft (7,000 m$^2$). It offers classes in professional sciences, engineering, advanced communications, and global economics. Within each cluster are career-specific laboratories in which students complete industry-based projects and receive academic credit for advanced English, science, math, and technology.

## Approach

After going through an application process, eleventh- and twelfth-grade students from the Clovis and Fresno Unified School Districts are bused to CART, where they attend three-hour classes in one of the many laboratories taught by teams of instructors covering a variety of educational courses that provide real-life career insight and personal expertise-.
Unlike most local public high schools where students move from one class to another for different subjects, the CART program implements a different technique in that each lab is taught by a minimum of three teachers each teaching a branch-off subject related to the main subject. The make-up of the course differs between the lab chosen by the student. Each teacher in the lab has a specialty. Over the course the required high school education is more than covered by each teacher in a way to encompass the main topic of the lab with the same lesson.

## Courses

In addition to teaching the material from courses offered at other traditional high schools, CART offers education and experience in forensic research, biomedicine, environmental science, cybersecurity, psychology, law and policy, game design, multimedia, robotics, biotechnology, business and finance, marketing and advertising, hospitality and event management.

## History

Completed in May 2000, students began classes in August 2000. Purchase of the grounds for the new school was done in January 1997. Purchased property price to date is $1,894,867, the developer granted CART 5% interest in their project.
# Edward O'Donnell

Edward O'Donnell may refer to:
* Eddie O'Donnell (1887–1920), American race car driver
* Edward O'Donnell (bootlegger) or Spike O'Donnell (1890–1962), American mobster of Irish descent
* Edward J. O'Donnell (military) (1907–1991), U.S. Navy rear admiral and commander of Guantanamo Bay Naval Base
* Edward J. O'Donnell (academic administrator) (1909–1986), President of Marquette University (1948–1962)
* Edward Joseph O'Donnell (1931–2009), Roman Catholic Bishop of the Diocese of Lafayette, Louisiana
# Countersteam brake

A countersteam brake is a brake on a steam locomotive that uses the engine (specifically the cylinders) to help brake the locomotive.
It uses the working principle of steam cylinders fitted with slide or piston valves such that, by changing the configuration of the valve gear, the motion of the valves is also altered such that they work in opposition to the movement of the pistons.
Because of the inertia of a steam locomotive in its initial direction of travel, changing the direction in which the steam cylinders have to work acts first to brake the movement of the connecting rod, which in turn slows the transmission of power to the drive of the locomotive until it stops.
The countersteam brake is often confused with the counterpressure brake, which works with air, not steam, and acts as a dynamic brake. Unlike the countersteam brake, the counterpressure brake is permitted to be used as an independent braking system in its own right.

## Operation

The countersteam brake is actually not a brake in the true sense; but simply a way of using the working principle of a steam engine to produce a braking effect. It is therefore not a separate component of a steam locomotive. Countersteam braking is however only achievable with piston valves. On simple slide valves, no opposing steam admission is possible due to the way they are constructed.
Using the countersteam brake, experienced locomotive drivers can reverse the running direction of a steam locomotive almost as if it hasn't been brought to a stop, because the actual changeover point occurs whilst the locomotive is still moving in the initial direction of travel. This technique requires detailed knowledge and experience because if it is not carried out correctly, damage to the locomotive engine may result.
On steam locomotives without a second independent brake system (like e.g. a compressed-air brake, vacuum brake or steam brake) for the engine, in addition to the usual counterweight or fixed brake, the countersteam brake was used as a braking system. Today, steam locomotives generally have to have two independent brake systems in order to be licensed, so that the countersteam brake is not viewed as a braking system, but is nevertheless still used.

## Sources

* Heym, Rudolf: Wie funktioniert sie eigentlich, die Dampflok?, Bruckmann, 2004, ISBN 3-7654-7255-7
# Ballast (disambiguation)

Ballast is any dense material used as a weight to provide stability to a vehicle or structure.
It may also refer to:

## Places

* Ballast, Coevorden, a village in the northeastern Netherlands
* Ballast Head, a headland on Kangaroo Island, Australia
** Ballast Head, South Australia, a locality
* Ballast Point (Tampa), a neighborhood in Tampa, Florida, US

## Other

* Electrical ballast, used to stabilize the current flow in lamps
* Ballast tractor, a heavy-haulage road vehicle designed to pull or push heavy or exceptionally large loads
* Track ballast, the layer of crushed rock or gravel upon which railway track is laid
* Ballast (film), a 2008 film about the effect of one man's suicide on three people
* Ballast (website), a Canadian news and cultural website
* "Ballast", a 1967 story of The Railway Series book Small Railway Engines
# Drypetes oblongifolia

Drypetes oblongifolia is a plant species of the genus Drypetes and the family Putranjivaceae.
It is found in the shola forest of Kerala, a state in India.
It is a host for larvae of the butterfly species Appias albina and Appias india.
# Patryk Wajda

Patryk Wajda (born May 20, 1988) is a Polish ice hockey player for Cracovia and the Polish national team.

## Career statistics
### Regular season and playoffs

| | | | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs |
| Season | Team | League | GP | G | A | Pts | PIM | GP | G | A | Pts | PIM |
| 2004–05 | SMS II Sosnowiec | Poland 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2005–06 | SMS II Sosnowiec | Poland 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2006–07 | SMS I Sosnowiec | Poland 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2006–07 | Cracovia | PLH | 29 | 1 | 3 | 4 | 14 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2007–08 | Cracovia | PLH | 35 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 31 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2008–09 | Cracovia II | Poland 2 | 5 | 0 | 4 | 4 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2008–09 | Cracovia | PLH | 42 | 1 | 8 | 9 | 16 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2009–10 | Cracovia | PLH | 53 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2010–11 | Cracovia | PLH | 32 | 3 | 1 | 4 | 16 | 10 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 4 |
| 2011–12 | Cracovia | PLH | 34 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 20 | 9 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 2 |
| 2012–13 | Ciarko PBS Bank KH Sanok | PLH | 37 | 2 | 7 | 9 | 14 | 10 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 2 |
| 2013–14 | KTH Krynica | PLH | 19 | 2 | 6 | 8 | 10 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2013–14 | Cracovia | PLH | 5 | 0 | 4 | 4 | 0 | | | | | |
| PLH totals | PLH totals | PLH totals | 286 | 12 | 35 | 47 | 125 | 29 | 1 | 6 | 7 | 8 |

### International

| Year | Team | Comp | GP | G | A | Pts | PIM |
| 2004-05 | Poland U18 | WJC18 D1 | 5 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 4 |
| 2005-06 | Poland U18 | WJC18 D1 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| 2006-07 | Poland U20 | WJC20 D1 | 5 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 4 |
| 2007-08 | Poland U20 | WJC20 D1 | 5 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 0 |
| 2009-10 | Poland | WC D1 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 4 |
| 2010-11 | Poland | WC D1 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 2011-12 | Poland (all) | International | 10 | 0 | 9 | 9 | 10 |
| 2011-12 | Poland | WC D1B | 5 | 0 | 5 | 5 | 4 |
| 2012-13 | Poland | WC D1B | 5 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| 2012-13 | Poland (all) | International | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 16 |
| Junior int'l totals | Junior int'l totals | Junior int'l totals | 20 | 2 | 4 | 6 | 10 |
| International totals | International totals | International totals | 33 | 1 | 15 | 16 | 36 |
# Geraint Anderson

Hon. Geraint Anderson (born 1972 in Notting Hill, London), is a former City of London utilities sector analyst and newspaper columnist, best known for his "City Boy" column in The London Paper.

## Early life

The third son of the Labour Party politician Donald Anderson, Baron Anderson of Swansea and his missionary wife Dorothy, herself the daughter of Bolivian missionaries, he was raised at his parents' London home in Notting Hill. Anderson was educated at Fox School in Notting Hill and Latymer Upper School in Hammersmith. Taking a gap year in Asia, Anderson says he lived the hippy life and smoked cannabis. He then undertook a degree in history at Queens' College, University of Cambridge, and then an MA in revolutions at Sussex University. Thereafter, he went to Goa, India, where he eked a living as a hippy selling trinkets on Goa's beaches.

## Banking

In 1996, Anderson's older brother Huw, who worked as fund manager with the Dutch investment bank ABN Amro, arranged an interview for him. In a later interview with Al Jazeera, Anderson mused that, at that time, he knew nothing about either finance or the City. Anderson was resultantly employed as a utilities analyst, composing models of publicly listed companies. Within five years, his salary had jumped from £24,000 to £120,000 and his first three years of bonuses were £14,000, £55,000 and £140,000. In 1997, he moved to Société Générale and, in 1999, to Commerzbank.
In 2000, Anderson joined Dresdner Kleinwort. He was named top stock-picker two years running and appointed joint team leader of the utilities research team. His team became number two in the utilities sector and Anderson was personally judged the fourth highest-ranked analyst (out of around 100).

## City Boy

Anderson started writing his "City Boy" column in the third quarter of 2006 for The London Paper, which became a popular piece with some readers of the newly launched free newspaper. On 18 June 2008, it was revealed that Anderson was "City Boy". In the following week he published his first book, Cityboy: Beer And Loathing In The Square Mile.
A second book, Cityboy: 50 Ways to Survive the Crunch, was published in November 2008. In 2010, Anderson revealed that he was working on a third book, Just Business. It is about a man who writes an anonymous column for a London-based newspaper, breaks into his boss's computer and discovers a major crime.

## Works by Anderson
### Books

* Geraint Anderson (2008). Cityboy: Beer and Loathing in the Square Mile. Headline Book Publishing. ISBN 978-0755346165.
* Geraint Anderson (2008). Fifty Ways to Survive the Crunch. Headline Book Publishing. ISBN 978-0755319466.
* Geraint Anderson (2011). Just Business. Headline Book Publishing. ISBN 978-0755381722.
* Geraint Anderson (2012). Payback Time. Headline Book Publishing. ISBN 978-0755381753.

### Filmography

* Fish Finger Sandwich (short film, 2017)
* Trick or Treat (2019)
# Brittle Bone Society
## About

The Brittle Bone Society is the only UK wide charity dedicated to providing support to people affected by osteogenesis Imperfecta (OI).

## Background

The Brittle Bone Society was established in 1968 in Dundee by Margaret Grant, who has OI. When she was young, Grant was aware that there was virtually no support for people with OI and that many medical professionals knew little or nothing about the condition. When her daughter Yvonne was born some years later, very little had changed. For many years Grant was the driving force of the society, which was recognised when she was awarded an MBE in 1989 and in 2018 when she was awarded an honorary degree from the University of Dundee.
The society now has more than 1,000 members and works closely with specialist medical units and other professionals throughout the UK.
The CEO is Patricia Osborne who has been working with the charity since 2009
The society's archives, which include about thirty boxes of material, are held by the University of Dundee.

## Footnotes

* ↑ "THE BRITTLE BONE SOCIETY - Charity 272100". register-of-charities.charitycommission.gov.uk. Retrieved 14 April 2024.
* ↑ "Margaret Grant, 87: Music-loving founder of OI charity". 14 April 2024. ISSN 0140-0460. Retrieved 14 April 2024.
* ↑ "Honorary Degrees". University of Dundee. Retrieved 21 January 2020.
* ↑ BBS. "Our Team". BBS. Retrieved 14 April 2024.
* ↑ "Brittle Bone Society Archive comes to the University of Dundee". Archives Records and Artefacts at the University of Dundee. University of Dundee. 7 September 2010. Retrieved 25 October 2013. - "MS 327 Brittle Bone Society Archives". Archive Services Online Catalogue. University of Dundee. Retrieved 14 April 2015.
# Paul Carey (politician)

Paul Robert Carey (October 18, 1962 – June 14, 2001) was an American public servant from the State of New York. During his career, he served as a White House Special Assistant to U.S. President Bill Clinton and as the 77th Commissioner of the Securities and Exchange Commission.

## Early life and education

He was born on October 18, 1962, in Brooklyn, New York. He was one of 14 children growing up, and was the seventh son of New York Governor Hugh Carey and Helen (Owen) Carey. He grew up in Brooklyn, Shelter Island, and the New York State Executive Mansion in Albany. As a boy, he cared for developmentally challenged people at Camp Shelter Island. As a young man, he worked with physically challenged skiers. Two of his olders brother died in a car accident in 1969 as teenagers. His mother died in 1974, the year his father was first elected New York governor. He graduated from the Doane Stuart School in Albany before receiving a B.A. in economics from Colgate University in Hamilton, New York.

## Career

After college, Carey worked as an investment banker in the securities industry, focusing on equity investments for institutional clients. In 1992, he joined the Clinton-Gore Presidential Campaign, serving as northeast finance director. Carey became a special assistant to the president for legislative affairs in February 1993. As a congressional liaison, he specialized in finance and banking issues, also consulting the president on judicial appointments and helping "shepherd nominees through the Senate confirmation process." He also helped handle housing, securities, and other related issues. Carey was noteworthy for being President Clinton's main connection to U.S. Senators Alfonse D'Amato and Daniel Patrick Moynihan of New York.
In 1997, President Clinton nominated Carey to the Securities and Exchange Commission to succeed outgoing commissioner, Steven Wallman. The Senate confirmed Carey on October 21, 1997, for a five-year term. As SEC commissioner, Carey championed private accounts for the investment of government Social Security funds. At the SEC, he also became the commission's "point man with Congress on the privatization of Social Security. He was serving at the SEC in 2001, and his term would have expired in 2002. While at the SEC as a Democrat, he backed SEC chairman Arthur Levitt Jr. on issues such as accounting reforms and opening stock markets for individual investors.

## Death and foundation

In 2001, he lived in Washington, D.C. That year he was hospitalized in Manhattan. Carey died on June 14, 2001 from a rare endocrine cancer called pheochromocytoma, at the age of 38. He was survived by 11 siblings and his father. After his death, his family established the Paul Robert Carey Foundation, which supports community organizations.