OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ehlers–Geren–Sachs theorem

The Ehlers–Geren–Sachs theorem, published in 1968 by Jürgen Ehlers, P. Geren and Rainer K. Sachs, shows that if, in a given universe, all freely falling observers measure the cosmic background radiation to have exactly the same properties in all directions (that is, they measure the background radiation to be isotropic), then that universe is an isotropic and homogeneous FLRW spacetime, if the one uses a kinetic picture and the collision term vanishes, i.e. in the so-called Vlasov case or if there is a so-called detailed balance. This result was later extended to the full Boltzmann case by R. Treciokas and G.F.R. Ellis.
Using the fact that, as measured from Earth, the cosmic microwave background is indeed highly isotropic—the temperature characterizing this thermal radiation varies only by tenth of thousandth of a kelvin with the direction of observations—and making the Copernican assumption that Earth does not occupy a privileged cosmic position, this constitutes the strongest available evidence for our own universe's homogeneity and isotropy, and hence for the foundation of current standard cosmological models. Strictly speaking, this conclusion has a potential flaw. While the Ehlers–Geren–Sachs theorem concerns only exactly isotropic measurements, it is known that the background radiation does have minute irregularities. This was addressed by a generalization published in 1995 by W. R. Stoeger, Roy Maartens and George Ellis, which shows that an analogous result holds for observers who measure a nearly isotropic background radiation, and can justly infer to live in a nearly FLRW universe. However the paper by Stoeger et al. assumes that derivatives of the cosmic background temperature multipoles are bounded in terms of the multipoles themselves. The derivatives of the multipoles are not directly accessible to us and would require observations over time and space intervals on cosmological scales. In 1999 John Wainwright, M. J. Hancock and Claes Uggla show a counterexample in the non-tilted perfect fluid case. Thus an almost isotropic cosmic microwave temperature does not imply an almost isotropic universe. Using the methods of Wainwright et al. Ho Lee, Ernesto Nungesser and John Stalker could show that they can be applied to Vlasov as well, which was the original matter model of the EGS-theorem.
# NRI Academy of Medical Sciences

NRI Academy of Medical Sciences is the first medical academy in Andhra Pradesh, India started by NRIs. It is one of the medical colleges in Guntur District, offering graduate and undergraduate courses in medical sciences. It is located in Chinna Kakani which is part of Mangalagiri Tadepalli Municipal Corporation nearby cities are Guntur and Vijayawada. The academy is affiliated to the Dr. NTR University of Health Sciences Vijayawada.

## Departments in the main campus

* Hospital: Over 1280 beds, with General Medicine, Orthopedics, Anesthesia, General Surgery, Ophthalmology, E.N.T, Pediatrics, Dermatology, OBG, Radiology, Medical Oncology, CMO, Physiotherapy, Dental, TB and CD, O.S.D.
* Specialized: Neurology, Nephrology, Psychiatry, Vascular Surgery.
* College: Anatomy, Physiology, Biochemistry, Pharmacology, Microbiology, Pathology, Comm. Medicine, Forensic Medicine, Physical Education.

## Facilities
### Cadiovascular implant therapy

Cardiovascular device implant therapy is practiced at the NRI Heart Centre and Research Institute at the main campus.

### Oncology

New building for Oncology and Radiotherapy opened west to main campus.
# Arianna in Nasso (Mayr)

Arianna in Nasso is an 1815 "azione drammatica", or scenic cantata in one act by Simon Mayr to a libretto by Giovanni Schmidt. It was premiered at the Teatro San Carlo, Naples, on 19 February 1815 with the role of Ariadne sung by Isabella Colbran who had requested Mayr to compose the piece for her to showcase her skills.

## Recordings

* Arianna in Nasso - de:Cornelia Horak (soprano, Arianna), Thomas Michael Allen (tenor, Bacco) Simon Mayr Chorus and Ensemble, directed from the harpsichord by Franz Hauk Naxos 1CD
# Pamoja FM

Pamoja FM is a community radio station based in the slums of Kibera in Nairobi, Kenya. It was started in 2007. The slum is a lively, vibrant place and is characterised by a continuous buzz of activity. Operating from a small office at the top of a tall building overlooking Kibera, the station has close ties with the community that is actively involved in contributing to the broadcast content. Pamoja FM has received its primary funding from USAid and it focuses on community issues through debates and feature broadcasts, as well as airing a range of music shows and news.
# Pamno Ouidi

Pamno Ouidi is a town located in the region of Centre in Burkina Faso. It is at 12°20'42.9"N 1°40'19.5"W and has an unknown population (2024).
# Pamoic acid

Pamoic acid, also called embonic acid, is a 2-Naphthoic acid derivative. Salts and esters of pamoic acid are known as pamoates or embonates. It can be prepared by the reaction of 3-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid with formaldehyde.
In pharmacology, the salt form of pamoic acid (pamoate ion) can be used as a counterion of a drug compound to affect the dissolution rate of the drug. The presence of multiple oxygen atoms enables significant hydrogen bonding to occur. Hydrogen bonds facilitate the dissolution of compounds in water. Pharmaceutical drugs formulated this way include cycloguanil pamoate, hydroxyzine pamoate, imipramine pamoate, olanzapine pamoate hydrate, oxantel pamoate, pyrantel pamoate, and pyrvinium pamoate.
Pamoic acid has agonist activity for the orphan G protein-coupled receptor GPR35 by which it activates ERK and beta-arrestin2, and causes antinociceptive activity.
# Pamol

Pamol is a small village in Borsad taluka of Anand district in the Indian state of Gujarat. It is located around 6 km north east from Borsad. It is surrounded by the fertile Charotar region which largely produces tobacco, Bananas, rice, cotton, lady finger, tomato, potato, and other agricultural crops. Patel owns the majority of business which is basically farming and farming products. Other major communities are Thakor, Brahmins, Chavda, Vankars, Maheshwari, Muslims and Christians.

## Location and climate

Pamol village is located at 22.444955 N, 72.942397 E. There are 3 main seasons, Winter, Summer and Monsoon. Aside from the monsoon season, the climate is dry. The weather is hot through the months of March to July — the average summer maximum is 36 °C (97 °F), and the average minimum is 23 °C (73 °F). From November to February, the average maximum temperature is 30 °C (85 °F), the average minimum is 15 °C (59 °F), and the climate is extremely dry. Cold northerly winds are responsible for a mild chill in January. The southwest monsoon brings a humid climate from mid-June to mid-September. The average rainfall is 93 cm (36.7 inches), but infrequent heavy torrential rains cause the river to flood.

## Education

There are two major schools available in the village: Government Primary School, Pamol and S D Patel Fulbai Vidya Mandir high school, Pamol. The education from Nursery and Class 1 to Class 10 are provided in these schools. Both school are equipped with computers teaching, sports, social, science, language, mathematics and all types of subjects.
22°26′42″N 72°56′31″E﻿ / ﻿22.445°N 72.942°E﻿ / 22.445; 72.942
# Pakistan Jute Mills Association

The Pakistan Jute Mills Association (PJMA) was founded in 1970 in an effort to reduce reliance on jute imports. The Government of Pakistan prioritised the development of the domestic jute industry. As a result, between 1964 and 1971, four jute mills were set up in the country, each with limited production capacity aimed at fulfilling the local demand for jute products.

## History of Jute Mills

In 1970, the Pakistan Industrial Development Corporation (PIDC) a program to supply government agencies with packaging materials for food grain storage. At the time, the jute industry relied heavily on raw jute imports from Bangladesh. Today, Pakistan's jute mills are fully equipped with spinning, weaving, and finishing facilities for producing hessian cloth and jute sacks. Key buyers of these jute products include government agencies, public sector corporations, and farmers, who primarily use jute sacks for the long-term storage of food grains such as sugar and wheat. Other commodities stored in jute sacks include rice, coffee, pulses, rapeseed, and cottonseed.
The jute industry in Pakistan employs over 30,000 workers and is fully capable of meeting the country’s demand for jute products. Additionally, jute mills, which are members of the Pakistan Jute Mills Association, export their products to markets around the world, including Sudan, the UK, UAE, Iran, Egypt, and Thailand.

## Governance

Election Results for the Office bearers/Executive Committee members of Pakistan Jute Mills Association for the year 2012–13, Malik Mohammad Jehangir, Executive Director of Indus Jute Mills Limited, Dhabeji, Karachi and White Pearl Jute Mills Limited, Hafizabad.

## Successes

Pakistan Jute Mills Association (PJMA) on regular basis make people aware that jute bag is environment friendly packing [hundred percent biodegradable and recyclable] for the agriculture commodities [especially grains] and the use of woven polypropylene bag is unfavorable for environment and ecology.
To meet the requirement of the jute mills Pakistan needs only 150,000 acres. Due to the government's decision to use polypropylene bags for procurement has resulted in the closure of five mills out of twelve jute mills of Pakistan. The leading members of PJMA and leading mills are Indus Jute Mills Limited, Dhabeji, Karachi and White Pearl Jute Mills Limited, Hafizabad, Punjab. PJMA launched initiative to convince farmers to sow jute to meet the demand and also to save $100 million annually on import. The association extended full support to the farmers (from plantation to marketing). PJMA also assured farmers regarding free seed provision and promised to provide them guidance. The association also assured farmers buying the whole produce at a better price compared to cotton.
# El Camino de la Vida (song)

"El Camino de la Vida" (translation "the road of life") is a Colombian song written in 1986 by Héctor Ochoa Cárdenas. It was popularized by the recording of the song by Arboleda y Valencia.
After a public poll conducted in 1999, the song was chosen by the Academia Colombiana de Musica as the Colombian Song of the 20th century. It was also selected as the most beautiful song in 1991 in a national vote conducted by RCN Radio. Viva Music Colombia rated the song No. 3 on its list of the 100 most important Colombian songs of all time. In its list of the 50 best Colombian songs of all time, El Tiempo, Colombia's most widely circulated newspaper, ranked the version of the song by Arboleda y Valencia at No. 46.
# El Hayat (newspaper)

El Hayat newspaper (in Arabic جريدة الحياة meaning The Life) is a daily newspaper independent in Algeria published Saturday to Thursday in the tabloid format.

## History

This newspaper is considered by some sources to be the first independent daily newspaper in Algeria to be issued by journalists who have not worked in the government press before and are not affiliated with any political party.
# Pak Chong City F.C.

Pak Chong City Football Club (Thai ปากช่องซิตี้), or Pakchong School Alumni Association F.C. is a Thai semi-professional Football Club based in Pak Chong District in Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand. The club is currently playing in the 2018 Thailand Amateur League Eastern Region.

## Record

| Season | League | League | League | League | League | League | League | League | League | FA Cup | League Cup | Top goalscorer | Top goalscorer |
| Season | Division | P | W | D | L | F | A | Pts | Pos | FA Cup | League Cup | Name | Goals |
| 2011 | Ngor Royal Cup | 7 | | | | | | – | Runners-up | – | – | | |
| 2014 | Khor Royal Cup | 7 | 4 | 3 | 0 | 14 | 6 | – | Winner | – | – | Pornwichian Thanwong | 6 |
| 2015 | Khǒr Royal Cup | 6 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 8 | 8 | – | Semi-final | – | – | | |
| 2016 | DIV 3 East | 4 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 7 | 5 | 6 | 5th – 8th | Not Enter | Can't Enter | | |
| 2017 | TA North-East | 6 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 9 | 7 | 8 | 9th – 10th | Not Enter | Can't Enter | | |
| 2018 | TA East | 4 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 13 | 7 | 7 | 6th | Not Enter | Can't Enter | Korkiat Janpitak | 3 |
| Champions | Runners-up | Promoted | Relegated |
# Ariosoma megalops

Ariosoma megalops is an eel in the family Congridae (conger/garden eels). It was described by Henry Weed Fowler in 1938. It is a tropical, marine eel which is known from the western central Pacific Ocean. It is known to dwell at a maximum depth of 717 metres. Males can reach a maximum standard length of 14.9 centimetres.
# Nanda Kumar Deb Barma

Nanda Kumar Deb Barma is a Tipra playwright, poet, and lyricist from Tripura. He is known for literature in Kokborok language and Kokborok Drama. Nanda Kumar Deb Barma is author of novels such as Rung (2001), and compilations of works such as Thungnuk Bwchap (2015). He has been one of the active advocates for Kokborok development of literature and education and is the president of Kokborok Sahitya Sabha.

## Works

Bubar, Mukunne, Kokkisa, Koktanghai, Mari, Randijwkma, Sikhok, Reg-Swnam, Bolongni Muktarwi Sarao, Koktun, Khotalbai, Kwplai, Kantomoni, Imangni Bwsarok, Shehi Bukhukswk Ha, Nuai, Rung, Sundurjak, Yapiri, Dogar, Longtoraini Eklobyo, Bwsak Kaisao, Da-kuphur, Chobani Swkang, Swkango Choba, Kotor Buma-Bwsa.

## Selected published works

* Kokborok Poetry
* Simalwng Sakao Holongni Khum (Stone Flowers at the Pyre)
* Bolongni Bwsagursong Mwsao (Dances of Jungle Girls)
* Ani Ganao Ang (Me beside me)
* Dugmalino (To a Flower)
Translated Works
* The Story (2005)
* A Trip to the Shakhangtang Hill (2005)
# Volvarina pallidula

Volvarina pallidula is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Marginellidae, the margin snails.

## Distribution

This marine species occurs off Samoa.
# Volvarina deningeri

Volvarina deningeri is an extinct species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Marginellidae, the margin snails.

## Distribution

Fossils of this marine species were found in Pliocene strata in Timor, Indonesia.
# Ardozyga sarisias

Ardozyga sarisias is a species of moth in the family Gelechiidae. It was described by Edward Meyrick in 1904. It is found in Australia, where it has been recorded from southern Queensland.
The wingspan is about 11 mm (0.43 in). The forewings are pale bronzy-fuscous with the costa narrowly white from the base to beyond the middle and with a strong white longitudinal streak from the base above the middle to four-fifths of the costa, the upper edge projecting to touch the costal streak before and beyond the middle, otherwise edged with blackish-fuscous, the lower edge margined with blackish-fuscous suffusion on the posterior half. There is a blackish-fuscous streak along the fold from the base almost to the tornus and a moderate cloudy white subdorsal streak from the dorsum near the base to the tornus, as well as a white subterminal streak from above the tornus to the apex, connected with the termen by two fine branches margined with blackish-fuscous dashes. The hindwings are whitish-grey.
# Ardozyga sciodes

Ardozyga sciodes is a species of moth in the family Gelechiidae. It was described by Edward Meyrick in 1904. It is found in Australia, where it has been recorded from Western Australia.
The wingspan is about 11 mm (0.43 in). The forewings are fuscous, finely irrorated with white, more strongly and suffusedly towards the costa, the costal edge quite white. The stigmata are indistinctly dark fuscous, the plical obliquely beyond the first discal, another similar dot beneath the second discal. The hindwings are grey-whitish.
# Arise (band)

Arise is a Swedish death metal/thrash metal-band from Alingsås. Their name is taken from the Sepultura album of the same name.

## History

Arise was founded in 1996 in Alingsås (outside of Gothenburg, Sweden) under another name, but got the name Arise in 1998 when their first demo was released. Their third demo, Abducted Intelligence, was recorded in Los Angered Recordings 2000 by Andy LaRoque, and became "demo recording of the month" in Swedish Close-Up Magazine. In 2001 the band was signed by Spinefarm Records and released their first full-length record, The Godly Work of Art. The same year, the band was nominated to the Swedish Rockbjörnen award. Their second studio album, Kings of the Cloned Generation, was released in 2003, and Spinefarm Records were bought by Universal Records during that time. Their third CD, The Beautiful New World, was recorded and released in 2005.
In December 2005 Patrik Skoglöw and Erik Ljungqvist parted ways with Daniel Bugno and L-G Jonasson due to "musical differences." They were replaced by Patrik Johansson (vocals), Sternberg (guitars), and Kaj (bass guitar).

## Members
### Current members

* Patrik Johansson - vocals
* Sternberg - guitar
* L-G Hakamo (formerly Jonasson) - guitar
* Kai L - bass
* Daniel Bugno - Drums

### Former members

* Patrik Skoglöw - bass
* Erik Ljungqvist - vocals, guitar

## Discography

* Abducted Intelligence (Demo, 2000)
* The Godly Work of Art (CD, Spinefarm, 2001)
* Kings of the Cloned Generation (CD, Spinefarm, 2003)
* The Beautiful New World (CD, Universal, 2005)
* The Reckoning (CD, Regain, 2009)
# Elaine Stewart

Elaine Stewart may refer to:
* Elaine Stewart (actress), American actress
* Elaine Stewart (politician), British politician
# Jonah Blank

Jonah Blank is an American author, journalist and foreign policy expert, specializing in the culture, history and affairs of the Indian subcontinent.

## Writing career

Blank studied history at Yale University, and worked as the financial editor of the largest English language newspaper of Japan, where he first immersed in an Asian culture. He later completed graduate studies in anthropology at Harvard (where he won the David L. Boren Fellowship, which provided funds for research outside the United States), and wrote his first book, Arrow of the Blue-Skinned God: Retracing the Ramayana through India in the same period.
Blank has traveled extensively across India and Pakistan, and learned the ancient language of Sanskrit, as well as the languages Hindi, Gujarati and Urdu. He has also extensive knowledge and experience of the traditions and teachings of Hinduism, Islam and other religions in Asia.
Blank used the Boren Fellowship to work with the Dawoodi Bohra Muslim community, primarily based in the Indian city of Bombay. He was the first anthropologist to work with this usually conservative community, publishing his work in Mullahs on the Mainframe. In Jonah Blank's important, myth-shattering book, the West gets its first look at the Daudi Bohras, a unique Muslim denomination who have found the core of their religious beliefs largely compatible with modern ideology. Combining orthodox Muslim prayer, dress, and practice with secular education, relative gender equality, and Internet use, this community serves as a surprising reminder that the central values of "modernity" are hardly limited to the west.

## Journalism and in government

Blank earned a PhD in 1998 from Harvard University, and joined the staff of U.S. News & World Report, as well as writing for The New Yorker and Foreign Affairs. But Blank decided to leave the magazine to work actively to influence the foreign policy of the U.S. government on Near Eastern affairs, becoming the policy advisor on South Asia/Near East policy to the Senate Committee on Foreign Relations.
He is also a member of the Council on Foreign Relations. He currently works as a Senior Political Scientist at the RAND Corporation.
# Columbia (1899 yacht)

Columbia was an American racing yacht built in 1899 for the America's Cup races. She was the defender of the tenth America's Cup race that same year against British challenger Shamrock as well as the defender of the eleventh America's Cup race in 1901 against British challenger Shamrock II. She was the first vessel to win the trophy twice in a row (a record not equaled until Intrepid's back-to-back wins in 1967 and 1970.)

## Design

Columbia, a fin keel sloop, was designed and built in 1898-99 by Nathanael Herreshoff and the Herreshoff Manufacturing Company for owners J. Pierpont Morgan and Edwin Dennison Morgan of the New York Yacht Club. She was the third successful defender built by Herreshoff.
Columbia had a nickel steel frame, a tobin bronze hull, and a steel mast (later replaced with one of Oregon pine.)

## Career

Columbia was launched on June 10, 1899. She easily won the elimination trials against the rebuilt former defender, Defender. Skippered by Charlie Barr, she won all three races against the British challenger, Shamrock, in the 1899 America's Cup. Notably, Hope Goddard Iselin was the only female on the crew, serving as afterguard.
Columbia was selected again in 1901 to defend the Cup, and again under the command of Charlie Barr, won all three races against Shamrock II.
In 1903 Columbia was refitted with the hope of being selected for a third time, but she was badly beaten in the selection trials by the yacht Reliance.
Columbia was broken up in 1915 at City Island and sold to Henry A. Hitner's Sons Company of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania for scrap. Today, the mast sits in the Forest Hills Gardens neighborhood of New York City in a park known as "Flagpole Green."

## References and external links

* ↑ "Columbia winning the cup". LibraryOfCongress. 15 April 2010. Retrieved 6 January 2019.
* ↑ "America's Cup yacht: Columbia 1899 and 1901". Fine Rare Prints Antique Prints and Maps. Retrieved 2019-01-06.
* ↑ "America's Cup Defenders & Challengers 1851-2017". www.americascup.com. 2018.
* ↑ "Herreshoff, Nathanael - 2011 Hall of Fame". www.nshof.org. Retrieved 2019-01-06.
* ↑ "Herreshoff, Capt'n Nat (1848-1938) USA". america-scoop.com. Retrieved 2019-01-06.
* ↑ "Image 3 of New York journal and advertiser (New York [N.Y.]), June 12, 1899". Library of Congress. Retrieved 2019-01-06.
* 1 2 3 "COLUMBIA'S STORY". www.america-scoop.com. Retrieved 2019-01-06.
* ↑ "Racing yacht queen now mass of junk". Evening Public Ledger. Philadelphia, PA. August 10, 1915. p. 3.
* America's Cup's Ac-clopaedia
* The 19th Century Yacht Photography of J.S. Johnston
* Hope Iselin - 32nd America's Cup
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# Astacinga

Astacinga is a municipality in the Mexican state of Veracruz. It is located about 213 km from state capital Xalapa to the south. It has a surface of 69.09 km2. It is located at 18°34′N 97°06′W﻿ / ﻿18.567°N 97.100°W﻿ / 18.567; -97.100.

## Geography

The municipality of Astacinga is delimited to the north by Tlaquilpa, to the north-east by Mixtla de Altamirano, to the south-east by Tehuipango and to the west by Puebla,
In Astacinga the ecosystems that coexist in the municipality are the one of cold forest with species like the pine.

## Products

It produces maize and beans.
# Euphaedra cooksoni

Euphaedra cooksoni is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae first described by Herbert Druce in 1905. It is found in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (Katanga Province), Tanzania and Zambia.

## Description

E. cooksoni Druce. Body above with white dots; forewing above black, at the costal margin grey-green; subapical band white; the hindmarginal spot broadly brownish chrome-yellow; hind-wing above brown- yellow with broad black marginal band and two blue submarginal spots near the hinder angle. Forewing beneath yellow, suffused with blackish green and with three black spots in the cell; hindwing beneath chrome-yellow with a black spot at the base and a black dot in the cell; a broad white submarginal band runs from the base to the apex, where it becomes quite narrow; two indistinct white spots at the apex of the cell and bluish white submarginal spots. Rhodesia.

## Similar species

Other members of the eleus species group q.v.
# Białostoczek

Białostoczek was a village in Poland that was incorporated, on 10 May 1919, into the city of Białystok as Osiedle Białostoczek.
* This Poland location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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