OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Oak (programming language)

Oak is a discontinued programming language created by James Gosling in 1989, initially for Sun Microsystems' set-top box project. The language later evolved to become Java.

## History

In 1985, Sun Microsystems was attempting to develop a new technology for programming next generation smart appliances, which Sun expected to be a major new opportunity.
The team originally considered using C++, but rejected the idea for several reasons (see Java history).
Initially, Gosling attempted to modify and extend C++ but soon abandoned that in favor of creating a new platform called Green and an entirely new language, which he called Oak, after the oak tree that stood just outside his office.
By the summer of 1992, they were able to demonstrate portions of the new platform including the Green OS, the Oak language, the libraries, and the hardware. Their first attempt, demonstrated on September 3, 1992, focused on building a PDA device named Star7 which had a graphical interface and a smart agent called "Duke" to assist the user.
Oak was renamed Java in 1994 after a trademark search revealed that Oak was used by Oak Technology. Java 1.0 was finally shipped in 1996.

## Differences with Java

Oak was the basis for what Java 1.0 became later, but there were also some differences: Several concepts were planned in the Oak specification but were not implemented in the original language because of time constraints:
* Unsigned primitive types turned out never to be implemented in Java.
* The enum keyword for enumerated types was implemented in Java for Java 5.0.
* The assert keyword was implemented in Java for Java 1.4
Other concepts were different from, or improved later, for Java:
* Abstract methods were defined as in C++.
* While the Oak default access level was the same as Java's (default) package private access level, it was called "private". Oak did not have an equivalent to Java's private access modifier.
And finally some concepts were later scraped out:
* All exceptions were unchecked.
* It was possible by the unprotect keyword to write code that would not signal asynchronous exceptions.
* There was some support for Design by Contract: Oak had assertions whereby Class variable could be constrained and the constraints were enforced at entry and exit of every public and protected method of the class. Methods could also have their own pre-conditions and post-conditions, which were inherited but not redefinable in a subclass.
# Florina Museum of Modern Art

The Florina Museum of Modern Art is an art museum in Florina in Greece. It was founded by the Florina Art Centre in 1977. It is housed in a neoclassical building by the Sakouleva river. The museum's collection is composed of 480 works by 254 artists, which includes paintings, sculptures and engravings. More recently, its collection was enriched by a work of El Greco donated by the national Gallery, as well as by 44 engravings from Florence. These are in display since August 1999. Apart from its permanent exhibition, the museum also organizes art symposia and exhibitions of visual and applied art.
The purpose of the museum is to promote modern Greek culture through products of contemporary art, to cultivate the aesthetic and critical faculties of the local people by mounting solo and group exhibitions of visual art, and to provide schoolchildren with artistic education.
The museum's collection consists of representative paintings, sculptures, and engravings by noted artists of the twentieth century. More specifically, it includes: paintings by Rengos, Plakotaris, Mavridis (painter), Kaniaris, Tetsis, Kokkinidis, Mytaras, Kondos, Kanakakis, Kondogiannis, Tsaras, Xanthopoulos, Botsoglou, Dimitreas, Sahinis, Fokas, Golfinos, Lachas, Kalamaras, Papagiannis, Georgiadis, Zongolopoulos, Perandinos, Koulandianos, Lappas; sculptures by Chalepas; engravings by Hadzikyriakos-Gikas, Rengos, Papageorgiou, Grammatikopoulos, Papadakis, Xenakis, Nikolaou, Sikeliotis, Tsoklis, Moralis, Giannadakis, Nedelkos and Justin Falzon. A recent addition to the exhibits is a collection entitled ‘Tribute to El Greco’, which was put together from donations from Greek artists to acquire El Greco's ‘St Peter’ from the National Gallery and 44 engravings by 31 foreign artists from Florence. The collection was displayed in the museum in August, 1999.
The museum has a library dedicated to the visual arts, an information archive and an atelier for young people. It frequently organises art symposia and exhibitions of visual and applied art both on its own premises and elsewhere in Greece.
* Grammatikopoulos, Aegean see
* Plakotaris, Florinas landscape
* Mytaras, Glory
* Sculpture by Halepas
# Benjamin Hicklin

Benjamin Hicklin JP (11 November 1816 – 16 March 1909) was an English licensed carrier, farmer, solicitor and Borough Magistrate, who served as Mayor of Wolverhampton in 1859 and 1860.

## Hicklin case

The case centred on a Wolverhampton resident, metal broker Henry Scott, a Protestant activist, who was reselling anti-catholic pamphlets obtained from London. The pamphlet The Confessional Unmasked: Shewing the Depravity of the Romanish Priesthood, the Iniquity of the Confessional, and the Questions Put to Females in Confession put out by the Protestant Electoral Union which contained sections which appeared to contravene the recently enacted Obscene Publications Act 1857. The borough Watch Committee directed a police officer to bring a complaint before two justices of the borough, Hicklin being one of the justices. They issued a warrant for seizure and destruction of the pamphlets and 252 pamphlets were seized. On 26 May 1867 Scott appealed the order at the borough quarter sessions. The recorder overturned the order of the justices and directed that the pamphlets be returned to Scott, subject to the opinion of the Court of the Queen's Bench. On 29 April the Court decided, "We have considered this matter, and we are of opinion that the judgment of the learned recorder must be reversed, and the decision of the magistrates affirmed."

## Hicklin test

The Hicklin test is a legal test for obscenity established by the English case Regina v. Hicklin. At issue was the statutory interpretation of the word "obscene" in the Obscene Publications Act 1857, which authorized the destruction of obscene books. The court held that all material tending "to deprave and corrupt those whose minds are open to such immoral influences" was obscene, regardless of its artistic or literary merit.
American courts adopted the Hicklin Test in applying the 1873 Comstock Act, but it later did not survive scrutiny in the US under the First Amendment.

## Politics

Hicklin served as Mayor of Wolverhampton 1859/60

## Family

Hicklin was born in Wolverhampton on 11 November 1816, the son of wharfinger Benjamin Hickin and Elizabeth née Barney. Hicklin became articled for five years to attorney at law, Joseph Foster of Wolverhampton, on 26 May 1832. In 1844 he was living at Graiseley House, and owned a part share of houses and land with his elder brother, James.
Hicklin married Mary Hatfield of Rugeley, Staffordshire on 22 August 1848. They lived at Wightwick, Staffordshire, then The Holmes, Fordhouses, Bushbury, Staffordshire. After Hicklin retired they settled in Worthing, Sussex, England where he died in 1909, aged 92.
# Augustin Călin

Augustin Călin may refer to:
* Augustin Călin (footballer) (born 1973), Romanian football player
* Augustin Călin (football manager) (born 1980), Romanian football manager
# Environmental reporting

Environmental reporting may refer to:
* Environmental journalism
* Environmental accounting
** Sustainability accounting
* Environmental reports
# Delta Antliae

Delta Antliae (δ Ant, δ Antliae) is a binary star system in the southern constellation of Antlia. The combined apparent visual magnitude of the system is +5.57, allowing it to be viewed from the suburbs with the naked eye. Judging by the parallax shift of this system, it is located at a distance of 450 ± 10 light-years from Earth. The system is reduced in magnitude by 0.03 due to extinction caused by intervening gas and dust.
The primary component of the system has a stellar classification of B9.5 V, indicating that it is a B-type main sequence star. The companion is an F-type main sequence star with a classification of F9 Ve, where the 'e' indicates that there are emission lines in the spectrum. The two stars are separated by 11 arcseconds.
Delta Antliae A, the brighter member of this system, has an estimated 3.4 times the mass of the Sun. It is radiating around 200 times as much luminosity as the Sun from its outer atmosphere at an effective temperature of 11,117 K. At this heat, it shines with the characteristic blue-white hue of a B-type star.
# Morison & Co.

Morison & Co. were cabinet-makers and upholsterers established by Mathew Morison in Ayr, Scotland c.1808. It ceased to exist as a separate entity in 1902 when the business was sold to W. Turner Lord & Co. of London, who continued to use it as a trading name.

## History

James Morison took over the business from his father. By the time of his death, 2 June 1862, the cabinet maker was based in Edinburgh and trading as Morison & Co. William Reid worked for the company and took over the business on James' death.
William Reid's eldest son William Robert Reid (1854–1919), was made partner in the business in 1884 as his father had become blind. William Reid senior died in 1895 leaving the business to W. R. Reid and his brother John Reid. The company expanded to become one of the leading cabinet makers in Scotland, and branches were opened in Glasgow and Manchester. W. R. Reid ran the company until he sold it in 1902, at the same time that he bought Lauriston Castle in Edinburgh.
The company was purchased by W. Turner Lord & Co. of London who continued to use the Morison & Co. name for some time. W. Turner Lord & Co. received an order to fit out most of the first-class accommodation of the Mauretania.
'The company was one of the first to undertake architectural restoration as part of everyday business and the first in Scotland to construct the interiors of trains-de-luxe, for which it became renowned' (City of Edinburgh Council, 1999).
Examples of Morison & Co. furniture can be seen at Lauriston Castle, and at Sambourne House in London.
# Vishal Bharat (magazine)

Vishal Bharat (lit.'Greater India') was an Indian Hindi-language magazine founded by Ramananda Chatterjee in 1929, initially edited by the prominent journalist Banarsidas Chaturvedi. It was nationalist and pro-Gandhi, covering the whole of India and its diaspora, with a particular emphasis on rural matters (particularly through its column 'Hamaare Gram' ['our villages']).
# Broadway on Ice

Broadway On Ice is a long-running ice show produced by Willy Bietak Productions. Dating back to the early 1980s, in recent years the show has been presented in theatrical venues in resort areas such as Las Vegas and Branson, Missouri with a rotating cast of skating and musical guest stars, rather than as a touring ice show. The format of the show is a revue using music from popular Broadway theatre shows.
Skaters who have been featured in the show include Nancy Kerrigan, Dorothy Hamill, Brian Boitano, Oksana Baiul, and Rudy Galindo. Musical guest stars have included Davis Gaines, Deborah Gibson, and Leslie Uggams, Franc D'Ambrosio.
# Oxyptilus pilosellae

Oxyptilus pilosellae (hieracium plume moth) is a moth of the family Pterophoridae first described by Philipp Christoph Zeller in 1841. It is found in most of Europe, east to Russia and Asia Minor. It was released as a biological control agent for Hieracium in New Zealand in 1998.

## Description

The wingspan is 15–24 mm. Adults are on wing from May to August in western Europe.
Young larvae feed within the roots of hawkweeds (Hieracium species), including mouse-ear hawkweed (Hieracium pilosella). Later instars feed on the flowerheads, beneath a silken web.
# Naraha Balkawa

Naraha Balkawa is a village development committee in Siraha District in the Sagarmatha Zone of south-eastern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 3376 people living in 626 individual households.
# Brunhilda (bird)

Brunhilda is a genus of small seed-eating birds in the waxbill family Estrildidae. The species are found in Sub-Saharan Africa.

## Taxonomy

The genus Brunhilda was introduced in 1862 by the German naturalist Ludwig Reichenbach for the black-faced waxbill. Brunhild is a female character of Germanic and Norse legend. The genus was considered as a junior synonym of Estrilda but was resurrected when a molecular phylogenetic study published in 2020 found that Estrilda was paraphyletic.

## Species

The genus contains two species:
| Image | Common Name | Scientific name | Distribution |
| | Black-cheeked waxbill | Brunhilda charmosyna | Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia, South Sudan and Tanzania |
| | Black-faced waxbill | Brunhilda erythronotos | Angola, Botswana, Kenya, Namibia, Rwanda, South Africa, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia and Zimbabwe |
# Calyptraea centralis

Calyptraea centralis is a species of sea snail of the family Calyptraeidae, a marine gastropod mollusk also known as the slipper snail, slipper limpet, cup-and-saucer snail, or Chinese hat snail.

## Description and habitat

The species' maximum recorded shell length is 15 mm (0.59 in). Calyptraea centralis has been recorded at depths from 0m to 183 m (600 ft).
# Obtusipalpis pardalis

Obtusipalpis pardalis, the snow leopard, is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by George Hampson in 1896. It is found in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (Katanga), Ethiopia, Mozambique and Zimbabwe.
The larvae feed on Ficus species and Euodia latifolia.
# Oak Point, Manitoba

Oak Point is a place in the province of Manitoba, Canada that is designated as both an unincorporated community and a settlement. It is approximately 92km (57mi) northwest of Winnipeg within the Rural Municipality of St. Laurent.
# Oak Park station (CTA Douglas branch)

Oak Park was a rapid transit station on the Chicago "L", where it was the westernmost extension of the Douglas Park branch in the suburb of Berwyn, from 1924 to 1952. Although the branch had originally been constructed starting from 1896 by the Metropolitan West Side Elevated Railroad Company, it did not reach Oak Park until March 16, 1924, by which time the Metropolitan had been subsumed by the Chicago Rapid Transit Company (CRT). Plans to extend the branch as far west as Harlem Avenue were made by the Metropolitan but were never done as development never justified it.
The terminal building itself was a simple clapboard frame structure with a peaked roof on an island platform, with the tracks on either side ending abruptly.
The Chicago Transit Authority (CTA) assumed operations of the "L" in 1947, and sought to streamline. In mid-1951, it proposed trimming the Douglas branch and instituting skip-stop on December 9 in concert with other reforms such as the discontinuation of the Westchester branch. Berwyn and adjacent Cicero sued the CTA and got an injunction to stop the branch reduction, but the matter was resolved in the CTA's favor and the branch was cut back to 54th/Cermak on February 3, 1952.
# Oak Top

Oak Top, also known as The Smith Place, is a historic mansion in Clarksville, Tennessee, U.S.. It was built in the 1850s for Thomas W. Wisdom, a county judge. From 1869 to 1890, it was owned by Sterling Beaumont, a tobacco industrialist and banker.
The house was designed in the Greek Revival architectural style. It has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since July 8, 1980.
# Occlestone Green

Occlestone Green is a small rural settlement in the civil parish of Stanthorne and Wimboldsley, the unitary authority of Cheshire West and Chester and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England. Nearby settlements include the villages of Wimboldsley, Warmingham and Walley's Green. The nearest town is Middlewich.

## History

The settlement was formerly part of the township of Occlestone (or Occleston), which became a civil parish in 1862 and was incorporated into Wimboldsley in 1892. Occlestone also included the small settlement of Lea Head, with a total historical population of 85 (1801), 117 (1851) and 68 (1901). Wimboldsley amalgamated with Stanthorne in April 2015.
John Marius Wilson's Imperial Gazetteer of England and Wales (1870–72) described Occlestone:
   OCCLESTONE, a township, with a scattered village, in Middlewich parish, Cheshire; on the river Wheelock, near the Middlewich canal and the Grand Junction railway, 1¾ mile S S W of Middlewich. Acres, 721. Real property, £1, 231. Pop., 110. Houses, 18. The manor belonged, from before the time of King John till after the time of Henry V., to the family of Occlestone; passed to successively the Bunburys, the Moretons, the Davenports, the Whitmores, and the Vernons; and belongs now to E. Vernon, Esq. The manor-house is a neat brick edifice, and is now used as a farm-house.
A Primitive Methodist chapel was built in Occlestone Green in 1871; in 1960 it was described as a brick building seating 60. It became redundant in 1961.
The route of the Roman road from Middlewich to near Nantwich runs north east to south west immediately to the west of the settlement.

## Geography

Occlestone Green is centred at SJ69506292, around the T-junction of School Lane/Chapel Lane with Forge Mill Lane (which runs south east to the neighbouring parish of Warmingham), with an elevation of 53 metres. The A530 Nantwich Road runs north–south around 0.5 km to the west of the junction. Hoggins Brook – a tributary of the River Wheelock – runs immediately south of the settlement, which is lined by a small area of woodland south of Forge Mill Lane (in Warmingham civil parish). Smithy Farm is on the junction and there are several nearby farms including Fields Farm, Manor Farm, New Farm and Occlestonegreen Farm.
# Bernina

Bernina can refer to:

## Geography

* Bernina Range, a mountain range in the Swiss and Italian Alps
* Piz Bernina, the highest peak of the Bernina Range
* Bernina Pass, a pass in the Bernina Range
* Bernina District, former administrative district in the canton of Graubünden, Switzerland

## Rail transport

* Bernina railway, a single-track railway connecting Switzerland and Italy via the Bernina Pass
* Bernina Express, a train running on the Bernina railway
* Bernina Diavolezza (Rhaetian Railway station), a station on the Bernina railway
* Bernina Lagalb (Rhaetian Railway station), a station on the Bernina railway
* Bernina Suot (Rhaetian Railway station), a station on the Bernina railway

## Organizations

* Bernina International, a manufacturer of sewing and embroidery systems
# Oberea caseyi

Oberea caseyi is a species of longhorn beetle in the tribe Saperdini in the genus Oberea, discovered by Plavilstshikov in 1926.
# Fly pattern

Fly pattern may refer to:
* Fly route, also called a seam route, streak route or go route, a pattern run by a receiver in American and Canadian football, where the receiver runs straight upfield towards the endzone
* Artificial fly or fly lure, a type of fishing lure, usually used in the sport of fly fishing and also used in other forms of angling
# David Waller (disambiguation)

David Waller (1920–1997) was an English actor.
David Waller may also refer to:
* David Waller (priest) (born 1958), English Anglican priest
* David Waller (bishop) (born 1961), English former Anglican priest, now Catholic bishop
* David Jewett Waller Sr. (1815–1893), American Presbyterian minister and civic leader
* David Jewett Waller Jr. (1846–1941), minister and educator in Pennsylvania
# Offenbach-Bieber

Bieber is a village in Hesse, Germany, with a total population of 16,137 as of 2020. Since 1938 it has been a Stadtteil of Offenbach am Main.

## Geography

A small river, a tributary of the Rodau called Bieber flows through the village.
At the top of the hill Bieberer Berg (elevation 120 m above NHN) stands the soccer-stadium Sparda Bank Hessen Stadion, formerly the Stadion Bieberer Berg, home of the soccer team Kickers Offenbach.

## History

The village's name is derived from the Celtic people. Bieber as such was first mentioned in 791 as Biberaha in a donation.
Into the 19th century, Bieber's population was Roman Catholic. Now there is the catholic parish St. Nikolaus and a Protestant parish.
In 1938, the former municipality Bieber was merged with Offenbach.

## Infrastructure
### Transport

Bieber is part of the S-Bahn Rhein-Main-System with two S-Bahn stations: Offenbach-Bieber station is near the centre of the village and the other is in the borough of Bieber-Waldhof (3,500 Inhabitants in 2005).
# Flower of Evil (album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Pitchfork Media | 5.5/10 |
| The Guardian | 4/5 |
Flower of Evil (released 20 October 2008 in Oslo, Norway) is the fourth album by Susanna, also known as Susanna and the Magical Orchestra, released on the label Rune Grammofon. This is the second album release as Susanna, following the previous Sonata Mix Dwarf Cosmos (2007). It is a collection of low-key cover versions and also features two original songs. She is accompanied by her husband Helge Sten (Deathprod, Supersilent) and Pål Hausken (In The Country) and with Bonnie ”Prince” Billy guesting on two songs.

## Track listing

(cover versions have name of their original artist listed to right of song)
* "Jailbreak" (Thin Lizzy)
* "Can't Shake Loose" (Agnetha Fältskog)
* "Who Knows Where the Time Goes?" (Sandy Denny)
* "Vicious" (Lou Reed)
* "Without You" (Harry Nilsson)
* "Dance On" (Prince)
* "Joy and Jubilee" (Bonnie 'Prince' Billy)
* "Janitor of Lunacy" (Nico)
* "Changes" (Black Sabbath)
* "Wild Is the Will" (original)
* "Don't Come Around Here No More" (Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers)
* "Goodbye" (original)
* "Forever" (Roy Harper)
* "Lay All Your Love on Me" (ABBA)
# Calamagrostis ecuadoriensis

Calamagrostis ecuadoriensis is a species of grass in the family Poaceae. It is found only in Ecuador.
# Obongsan

Obongsan may refer to:
* Obongsan (Boseong), mountain of Jeollanam-do, southwestern South Korea
* Obongsan (Gyeongju), mountain of Gyeongsangbuk-do, eastern South Korea
* Obongsan (Haman/Jinju), mountain of Gyeongsangnam-do, southeastern South Korea
* Obongsan (Hoengseong/Pyeongchang), mountain of Gangwon-do, South Korea
* Obongsan (Hwacheon/Chuncheon), mountain in the county of Hwacheon, Gangwon-do in South Korea
* Obongsan (North Jeolla), mountain of Jeollabuk-do, western South Korea
* Obongsan (Sangju), mountain of Gyeongsangbuk-do, eastern South Korea
* Obongsan (South Chungcheong), mountain of Chungcheongnam-do, western South Korea
* Obongsan (Wondo), mountain of Jeollanam-do, southwestern South Korea
* Obongsan (Yangsan), mountain of Gyeongsangnam-do, southeastern South Korea
* Obongsan (Chagang), mountain of Chagang-do in North Korea
* Obongsan (Kosong–Kumgang), mountain of Kangwon-do in North Korea
* Obongsan (South Hamgyong), mountain of Hamgyongnam-do in North Korea
# Caloptilia chrysitis

Caloptilia chrysitis is a moth of the family Gracillariidae. It is endemic to New Zealand. The larvae of this species mine and fold the leaves of species in the genera Weinmannia and Elaeocarpus as well as Knightia excelsa, although only rarely for the later species.