OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ernesto Palacio

Ernesto Palacio (born October 19, 1946, Lima) is a Peruvian tenor, particularly associated with Rossini and Mozart roles.
Palacio first studied theology before turning to music. He began his vocal studies in Milan, and after winning first prize in the "Voci Nuovi Rossiniane" competition organized by RAI in 1972, he made his debut on radio as Lindoro in L'italiana in Algeri.
He quickly sang all over Italy, including at La Scala in Milan and the San Carlo in Naples. He also appeared at the Royal Opera House in London, the Aix-en-Provence Festival, at the Liceo in Barcelona, etc.
He also enjoyed a successful career in North and South America, appearing at the Metropolitan Opera in New York, Houston and Dallas, the Teatro Colón in Buenos Aires, and Caracas.
One of the finest contemporary tenore di grazia, he possesses a small but well projected voice of considerable range and agility, used with fine musicianship, excelling in the Rossini-Donizetti-Bellini repertory, but also in Mozart and Cimarosa.
He can be heard on a number of recordings, notably in L'italiana in Algeri, opposite Marilyn Horne, and in Maometto II, opposite June Anderson and Samuel Ramey, both under Claudio Scimone.
He has been lately active as a vocal coach and artist manager, notably of Juan Diego Florez.

## Sources

* The Complete Dictionary of Opera & Operetta, James Anderson, (Wings Books, 1993). ISBN 0-517-09156-9
# Ernesto Pardo

Ernesto Pardo is a Mexican cinematographer, most noted for his work on documentary films.

## Filmography

* Como un extraño - 1999
* La linea - 2000
* Miss Carrusel - 2004
* El lugar más pequeño - 2011
* El Cuarto desnudo - 2013
* Rosario - 2013
* The Empty Classroom (El aula vacía) - 2014
* Ausencias - 2015
* Alice Beyond the Abyss - 2015
* Tempestad - 2016
* Guerrero - 2017
* Agave: The Spirit of a Nation - 2018
* Pauline Julien, Intimate and Political (Pauline Julien: intime et politique) - 2018
* Why Kill Them? - 2018
* Dark Suns (Soleils noirs) - 2019
* La Vocera - 2020
* Vivos - 2020
* Gods of Mexico - 2022
* Trigal - 2022
* The White Guard (La Guardia blanca) - 2023
* The Echo (El Eco) - 2023
* Toshkua - 2023

## Awards

| Award | Year | Category | Work | Result |
| American Society of Cinematographers | 2016 | Spotlight Award | Tempestad | Nominated |
| Fénix Awards | 2016 | Best Documentary Cinematography | Tempestad | Won |
| Ariel Awards | 2017 | Best Cinematography | Tempestad | Won |
| Prix Iris | 2020 | Best Cinematography in a Documentary | Dark Suns (Soleils noirs) | Nominated |
| Camerimage | 2023 | Golden Frog for Best Cinematography in a Documentary | The Echo (El Eco) | Won |
| Canadian Screen Awards | 2024 | Best Cinematography in a Documentary | The White Guard (La Guardia blanca) | Nominated |
# Welapahala

Welapahala is a village in Sri Lanka. It is located within Central Province.
# Welapahala (Medadumbara) Grama Niladhari Division

Welapahala Grama Niladhari Division is a Grama Niladhari Division of the Medadumbara Divisional Secretariat of Kandy District of Central Province, Sri Lanka. It has Grama Niladhari Division Code 822.
Welapahala is a surrounded by the Hilpenkandura, Bogahalanda, Hakuruthale, Meda Gammedda, Udagammedda and Thennalanda Grama Niladhari Divisions.

## Demographics
### Ethnicity

The Welapahala Grama Niladhari Division has a Sinhalese majority (100.0%). In comparison, the Medadumbara Divisional Secretariat (which contains the Welapahala Grama Niladhari Division) has a Sinhalese majority (75.1%) and a significant Indian Tamil population (10.6%)
Ethnicity in Welapahala

### Religion

The Welapahala Grama Niladhari Division has a Buddhist majority (100.0%). In comparison, the Medadumbara Divisional Secretariat (which contains the Welapahala Grama Niladhari Division) has a Buddhist majority (74.8%) and a significant Hindu population (16.2%)
Religion in Welapahala
vtePlaces adjacent to Welapahala (Medadumbara) Grama Niladhari Division :
Thennalanda
Udagammedda
Bogahalanda
Welapahala Grama Niladhari Division
Meda Gammedda
Hakuruthale
Hilpenkandura :
# Ernest Sternberg

Ernest Sternberg is an American scholar of urban planning who specializes in economic development. He is a professor in the school of Architecture and Planning at the University at Buffalo.
Sternberg attended Empire State College and earned a BA in social sciences. He then attended Cornell University where he earned an MS in development sociology and Southeast Asian studies, and a PhD in city and regional planning.
Sternberg has published extensively about the particular risks that terrorism poses to urban environments.

## Publications

* "Purifying the World: What the New Radical Ideology Stands For," Orbis 54:1, Winter 2010, pp. 61–86.
* "Prospects for Building Regional Clusters of Technological Strength in the Homeland Security Sector: The Case of New York State," Journal of Applied Security Studies 4:3, Jul.-Sept. 2009, pp. 341–362.
* (with George C. Lee) "New York City's Healthcare Transportation During Disaster: A Preparedness Framework for a Wicked Problem," Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 25:2, 2009, pp. 95–107
* "The Urban Region as Locus of Security Problems: Toward Research and Education to Safeguard New York and Other Urban Areas from Terrorism and Disaster," Journal of Applied Security Research, 3:1, 2007, pp. 11–24.
* "Planning for Community Health Emergencies: The Research Challenge," Journal of Security Education 1:4, 2006, pp. 133–144.
* "Classical Precariousness versus Modern Risk: Lessons in Prudence." Humanitas (forthcoming).
* "Counting Crises: US Hospital Evacuations 1971-1999," (with George C. Lee and Daniel Huard). Prehospital and Disaster Medicine. (2004)
* "Planning for Resilience in Hospital Internal Disaster." (2003). Prehospital and Disaster Medicine. Vol. 18, No. 4
* "Educating the Economic Strategist." (2002). in James Dator, ed., Advancing Futures: Futures Studies in Higher Education. Westport, CT: Praeger
* "What Makes Buildings Catalytic? How Cultural Facilities Spur Surrounding Development." (2002). Journal of Architecture and Planning Research. Vol. 19, No. 1
* "An Integrative Theory of Urban Design." (2000). Journal of the American Planning Association. Vol. 66, No. 3
* The Economy of Icons: How Business Manufactures Meaning. (1999). Westport, CT: Praeger
* "Transformations: The Forces of Capitalist Change." (1999). in Kenneth Taylor and William E. Halal, eds., 21st Century Economics. Boston, MA: St. Martin's Press
* "The Iconography of the Tourism Experience." (1997). Annals of Tourism Research. Vol. 24
* "Recuperating from Market Failure: Planning for Biodiversity and Technological Competitiveness." (1996). Public Administration Review. Vol. 56, January/February
* Photonic Technology and Industrial Policy: U.S. Responses to Technological Change. (1992). Albany, NY: State University of New York Press
# Peggy Cabral

Alba María Antonia Cabral Cornero (born 26 June 1947), known as Peggy, is a Dominican journalist, television host, politician and diplomat. Cabral was co-president of the Dominican Revolutionary Party from 2013 to 2020; she also was vice-mayor of the National District (1998–2002). She served as Vice-Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Dominican Republic from 2019 to 2020. She is José Francisco Peña Gómez's widow.

## Early life and family

Peggy is daughter of the Argentine journalist of Spanish descent Alba María Cornero, a native of Rosario, and Dominican writer and diplomat Manuel del Cabral of colonial Spanish and colonial French descent; she was born in Buenos Aires while her father was serving in the Embassy of the Dominican Republic to Argentina.
Cabral comes from a prominent political family in the Dominican Republic, which has had several presidents, including Buenaventura Báez, Ramón Báez, José María Cabral, Marcos Cabral, and Donald Reid-Cabral. Her grandfather, Sen. Mario Fermín Cabral y Báez drafted the bill that in 1935 renamed the Dominican capital, Santo Domingo, for Trujillo City in honor of dictator Rafael Trujillo.
In the late 1950s her father defected to Argentina and received political asylum, where the Cabral family lived for 17 years before returning to the Dominican Republic, except for a sister of Peggy who remained in Argentina.
She married young to Diego Fidel Raúl Degaudenzi Rizzo, an Argentine of Italian descent, with whom she had three children, who have given to them twelve grandchildren. Degaudenzi and Cabral divorced. Cabral remarried on 19 December 1986 to Dominican politician José Francisco Peña Gómez, of whom she's the widow . She studied business administration at the University of Buenos Aires. During her youth she lived in Argentina, Spain, Chile and Brazil.
Ancestors of Peggy Cabral :

## Political career

She was the Dominican Revolutionary Party candidate for the senate seat of the San Cristóbal province to the congressional elections in 2010, she got 41.07% of the votes, being defeated by the incumbent Tommy Galán.
In August 2013, she was designated acting president of the Dominican Revolutionary Party.
In late 2015, Cabral was appointed Dominican Republic ambassador to Italy.

## Awards and honours

She has received several awards throughout her life, including:
* Llaves de la ciudad de Paterson, New Jersey
* Medalla al Mérito en el Renglón Político, impuesta por el entonces presidente de la República Dominicana, Hipólito Mejía
* Orden de Don José Solano y Bote (Venezuela)
* Huésped de Honor de las ciudades de La Plata y Rosario (Argentina)
* Personaje del año 2003 (Movimiento Cultural Dominicano)
# Peggy Butts

Mary Alice "Peggy" Butts (August 15, 1924 – March 6, 2004) was a Canadian politician who represented Nova Scotia in the Senate from 1997 to 1999.

## Early life and education

Born in Glace Bay, Nova Scotia, on the Feast of the Assumption, Peggy was a Roman Catholic religious sister in the Sisters of Notre Dame congregation. She obtained several degrees, including two bachelor's degrees in philosophy and education, a master's degree in political philosophy from the University of Ottawa, and a PhD in political philosophy from the University of Toronto. Through her life she served as a schoolteacher and high school principal. Later she was a professor at St. Francis Xavier University and the University College of Cape Breton (now Cape Breton University).

## Political career

At the age of 73, Peggy was appointed to the Senate. However, qualification laws for senators caused problems with her appointment. All Canadian senators are required to possess land worth at least $4,000 in the province for which he or she is appointed, as well as own real and personal property worth at least $4,000, above his or her debts and liabilities. Having taken a vow of poverty upon becoming a nun, Butts was able to officially be sworn in only after her order formally transferred a small parcel of land to her name. Butts resigned at the age of 75 as required by law, and for her two years of service donated her entire salary to charity.

## Personal life

She had a strong influence on her nephew Gerald Butts, principal secretary to both Ontario Premier Dalton McGuinty and Canadian prime minister Justin Trudeau.
Peggy Butts died in Sydney, Nova Scotia at age 79 in 2004.

## Awards

Butts received the Weiler Award in 1995 in recognition of her contributions to community and social development in Canada, and was awarded an honorary degree from St. Francis Xavier University in 1996.
She received the Queen Elizabeth II Golden Jubilee Medal in 2002.
# Erondegemse Pijl

Erondegemse Pijl (also known as Erpe-Mere) is an elite women's professional one-day road bicycle race held in Belgium and is currently rated by the UCI as a 1.2 race.

## Past winners

| Year | Country | Rider | Team |
| 2011 | Netherlands | Chantal Blaak | AA Drink Cycling Team |
| 2012 | Netherlands | Adrie Visser | Skil 1t4i |
| 2013 | Belgium | Maaike Polspoel | Sengers Ladies Cycling Team |
| 2014 | Belgium | Ann-Sophie Duyck | Autoglas Wetteren Cycling Team |
| 2015 | Netherlands | Thalita De Jong | Rabobank–Liv Giant |
| 2016 | Netherlands | Lucinda Brand | Rabobank–Liv Giant |
| 2017 | Netherlands | Julia Soek | Team Sunweb |
| 2018 | Netherlands | Nina Kessler | Hitec Products |
| 2019 | Netherlands | Monique van de Ree | BTC City Ljubljana |
# Penning mixture

A Penning mixture is a mixture of gases that is used in electric gas-discharge lamps. It is defined as a mixture of one inert gas with a minute amount of another gas, one that has lower ionization voltage than the main constituent. It is named after Frans Michel Penning.
The well-known neon lighting and neon lamps and displays are filled not with pure neon, but with a Penning mixture.

## Explanation

The other gas, called a quenching gas, has to have a lower ionization energy than the first excited state of the noble gas. The energy of the excited, but neutral, noble gas atoms then can ionize the quench gas particles by energy transfer via collisions; known as the Penning effect.
A very common Penning mixture of about 98–99.5% of neon with 0.5–2% argon is used in some neon lamps, especially those rated for 120 volts. The mixture is easier to ionize than either neon or argon alone, and lowers the breakdown voltage at which the tube becomes conductive and starts producing light. The optimal level of argon is about 0.25%, but some of it gets adsorbed onto the borosilicate glass used for the tubes, so higher concentrations are used to take the losses into account; higher argon content is used in higher-power tubes, as hotter glass adsorbs more argon. The argon changes the color of the "neon light", making it slightly more yellowish. The neon gas used in some nixie tubes includes a small amount of mercury vapor (for various reasons), which glows blue.
A Penning mixture of neon and argon is also used as a starter gas in sodium vapor lamps, where it is responsible for the faint pinkish glow before the sodium emission begins.
The Penning mixture used in plasma displays is usually helium or neon with small percentage of xenon, at several hundred torr.
Penning mixtures with the formulas of argon–xenon, neon–argon, argon–acetylene, and xenon–TMA are used as filler gases in gaseous ionization detectors.
Other kinds of Penning mixture include helium–xenon.
# Errol Kennedy

Errol Kennedy (born 9 June 1953 in Montego Bay, Jamaica) is a Jamaican-British musician (drummer, singer), songwriter, composer, producer and original member of the British soul, funk and pop band Imagination.

## Career

Kennedy learned to play drums at a young age. Before co-founding the British three-piece soul, pop and funk band Imagination with Ashley Ingram and Leee John in London in early 1981, he was a member in two other soul-funk bands, Midnight Express and TFB/Central Line (Typical Funk Band).
Imagination's first UK hit single, "Body Talk", produced by Jolley & Swain, spent 18 weeks on the UK Singles Chart and reached number 4 in May 1981. This was quickly followed by two other top 20 hit singles, "In and Out of Love" and "Flashback", both co-written by Kennedy. Their biggest hit, "Just an Illusion", peaked at number two in March 1982. The trio frequently appeared on Top of the Pops and other pop music programmes.
After the break-up of Imagination, Kennedy continued both as a musician and producer. He worked with Hugh Masekela at Bray Film Studios to produce the soundtrack for the film Soweto, and during the 1990s either toured or produced with bands such as Odyssey, Shalamar, Rose Royce, Grace Kennedy, Jamiroquai, Frankie Knuckles, Larry Levan, Arthur Baker, Colonel Abrams and Simon Ellis.
Since 2009, Kennedy has been performing live on stage with his band ImagiNation feat. Errol Kennedy. They toured the UK in 2010–2011, followed by a performance at London's IndigO2 alongside the Three Degrees and Linda Lewis, as well as various events and festivals across Germany in 2012.
Kennedy released Imagination's official 30th anniversary single "Just an Illusion" (featuring T'Mar) on M&R Records in May 2013, which is a re-production of Imagination's biggest hit. The single was taken from the forthcoming anniversary album, New Dimension, released later that year.
In 2016, Kennedy released the new track "You Can Be (All You Want to Be)" on 29 April, which is featured on his compilation album Greatest Hits (Live). Kennedy has also broadened his talents as the author of Flying Machines and Their Heroes, a series that brings some of the greatest stories in aviation history.
# Avangard-Yugra Kogalym

Avangard-Yugra Kogalym is an ice hockey team in Kogalym, Russia. They play in the Pervaya Liga, the third level of Russian ice hockey. The club was founded in 2009.
# Avanzini

Avanzini is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Anna Avanzini (1917–2011), Italian gymnast
* Bartolomeo Avanzini (1608–1658), Italian architect
* Daniela Avanzini (born 2004), American dancer and member of global girl group, KATSEYE
* Giuseppe Avanzini (1753–1827), Italian mathematician and prelate
* John Avanzini (born 1936), American televangelist and Bible teacher
* Michel Avanzini (born 1989), Swiss footballer
* Pietro Antonio Avanzini (1656–1733), Italian painter
* Sebastian Avanzini (born 1995), Italian footballer
* Vittoria Avanzini (born 1915, date of death unknown), Italian gymnast
# Avenue House Grounds

Avenue House Grounds is a ten-acre (four hectares) Site of Local Importance for Nature Conservation on East End Road in Church End, Finchley in the London Borough of Barnet. The estate is now known as Stephens House & Gardens.
Avenue House is a Grade II listed Victorian villa dating from 1859 on a site previously known as Temple Croft Fields, named after the Knights Templar, who were granted 40 acres there in 1243. From 1312 to the Dissolution of the Monasteries in 1539, it was owned by the Knights Hospitaller.
During the Anglian ice age, around 450,000 years ago, ice pushed further south than at any other time in the past two million years. The area was then in a valley called the "Finchley depression", which allowed a tongue of ice to push south to what is now the area north of the North Circular Road, near the southern extremity of any Pleistocene glaciation.
In 1874, the house and estate was acquired by ink magnate and later local MP Henry Stephens (1841–1918), who lived there with his family. He enlarged the house, added the building of a stable and employed the leading landscape gardener Robert Marnock to design the grounds, which include a walled garden and staff accommodation called The Bothy. Stephens bequeathed the house and grounds to the Finchley Urban District Council, subject to the condition that it was open for the use and enjoyment always of the public under reasonable regulation, in his will when he died in 1918, and is commemorated in a small museum, The Stephens Collection, in the visitor centre at Stephens House & Gardens.
The gardens were opened to the public in 1928. They have been set out as a public park, with lawns, trees including fine old evergreens, and shrubberies. There is also an ornamental pond with a fountain and a children's playground.
The Bothy was built in the shape of a castle sometime in the late 1870s. It is one of the earliest, if not the first, non-Roman concrete structures in England. It is a Grade II listed building . The Bothy garden is maintained by volunteers and is open to visitors monthly during the summer.
The main ecological interest is the birdlife, including great spotted woodpeckers, greenfinches, great tits and robins. Frogs breed in the pond.
Over ten years the Finchley Society led by Barbara Warren raised funds - the Spike Milligan Statue Fund - to commission a statue of former local resident Spike Milligan cast in bronze by local sculptor John Somerville and erected by the stables block in the grounds of Avenue House. The statue of Spike sitting on a bench was unveiled on 4 September 2014 at a ceremony attended by a number of local dignitaries and show-business celebrities including Roy Hudd, Michael Parkinson, Maureen Lipman, Terry Gilliam, Kathy Lette, Denis Norden and Lynsey de Paul.
# Neocollyris pseudosignata

Neocollyris pseudosignata is a species in the tiger beetle family Cicindelidae. It was described by Horn in 1902.
# Neobarrettia victoriae

Neobarrettia victoriae, the lesser arid-land katydid, is a species of spiny predatory katydid in the family Tettigoniidae. It is found in Central America and North America.
# Copelatus minutissimus

Copelatus minutissimus is a species of diving beetle. It is part of the genus Copelatus, which is in the subfamily Copelatinae of the family Dytiscidae. It was described by J. Balfour-Browne in 1939.
# Netechma technema

Netechma technema is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in Costa Rica.
# Eschede

Eschede (German pronunciation:) is a municipality in the district of Celle, in Lower Saxony, Germany. Situated approximately 15 km (10 miles) northeast of Celle, Eschede lies at the border of the Südheide Nature Park, a protected area of large forests and heaths. Today around 20 small villages are part of the "Gemeinde Eschede".
In 1975, the largest forest fire in the history of Germany destroyed vast tracts of forests in the area. The place is also known for the 1998 Eschede train disaster, in which an ICE 1 train crashed, killing 101 and making it the worst German rail accident since the Second World War.
The painter Albert König (1881–1944) was born in Eschede, and the "Albert-König-Museum" can be visited in Unterlüß nearby.
Eschede was the seat of the former Samtgemeinde ("collective municipality") of Eschede.

## Notable people

* Wilhelm Brese (1896–1994), German politician (DNVP, CNBL, CDU), was chairman of the savings and loan association in Eschede and was leader of the church council in Eschede
* Erich Schell House (1901–1983), German civil servant and politician (NSDAP, later GB / BHE, GDP, CDU), lived after the war in the rectory in Eschede
* Goede Gendrich (1912–2000), German forester and author
* Hans-Hubertus Bühmann (1921–2014), German forestry and Lower Saxony state politician (CDU), was a board member of the forestry association and Eschede Samtgemeinde mayor of the municipality Eschede
* Ernst Bauerochse (born 1925), German missionary and church representatives, went to school in Eschede

## Sister town

* Barneville-Carteret, Manche, Normandy, France
# Cora urceolata

Cora urceolata is a species of basidiolichen in the family Hygrophoraceae. Found in Colombia, it was formally described as a new species in 2016 by Bibiana Moncada, Luis Fernando Coca, and Robert Lücking. The specific epithet urceolata refers to the strongly concave ("urceolate") lobes of the lichen. It occurs in páramo regions of central Colombia, where it grows on the ground with bryophytes and other lichens.
# Cora quillacinga

Cora quillacinga is a species of basidiolichen in the family Hygrophoraceae. Found in southern Colombia, it was formally described as a new species in 2016 by Bibiana Moncada, Francisco Ortega, and Robert Lücking. The specific epithet refers to the indigenous Quillacinga people. The lichen is known to occur only at the type locality in wet páramo near Pasto, where it grows on dead plant material. Cora minutula is indistinguishable from C. quillacinga by appearance alone, but it is not closely related.
# Nepal–European Union relations

Nepal–European Union relations are the relations between Nepal and the European Union (EU). The role of the European Union is to present, explain and implement EU policies, analyze and report on the political, social, and economic situation in Nepal, and to conducts negotiations in accordance with a given mandate.
In the context of Nepal, the European Union has been focussing mainly on three sectors: education, peace and stability, and trade facilitation and economic capacity building. Apart from these three sectors, we are also active in areas as varied as the protection and promotion of human rights, food security, conservation of the environment, safe migration, assisting to ensure transparent and effective public finance management, and introducing sustainable production and consumption practices. The EU is also working with the Government of Nepal and local communities in disaster risk reduction and climate change adaptation and mitigation.