OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Colored Citizen (Cincinnati)

The Colored Citizen was an African American newspaper founded in Cincinnati, Ohio, in 1863. It was one of several black newspapers founded in Cincinnati during the nineteenth century, and it was one of only a few black papers in the country published during the American Civil War. The precise dates of its dissolution are not known. Only two surviving copies of the newspaper remain.

## Background

The African American population of Cincinnati was one of the largest in Ohio preceding the American Civil War. There were several African American newspapers published in the city around this time, and ultimately around a dozen were published by 1900. Two members of the city's black community were William H. Yancy (a barber) and Thomas Woodson (a reverend), both of whom were active in the establishment of black periodicals in the state, including the Palladium of Liberty and the Disfranchised American.

## History

In 1863, Yancy, Woodson, and others established the Colored Citizen, a weekly African American newspaper, in Cincinnati. It was one of the only African American newspapers published during the Civil War, and only two surviving copies remain. The available evidence suggests that the paper was focused on the life of African Americans serving during the Civil War and declared itself as the "Soldier's Organ". The paper did not actively disclose its editing teams; the bylines were largely of groups, including the Cincinnati Young Men's Literary and Publishing Company, not individuals. Among those who contributed to the paper were Joseph Carter Corbin (who may have published the paper), Charles W. Bell, Harry F. Leonard, and George Washington Williams – all young writers.
The paper was "utterly opposed" to the social movement that sought to repatriate formerly enslaved people to Africa, and it voiced dissatisfaction with economic contracts being drawn up for enslaved people following the Civil War (which provided wages as opposed to land).
After experiencing financial difficulties, the paper closed in 1873, though one scholar writes that it closed in 1869. Whether it ever reopened is not clear; the local black community believed that the paper never reopened after its 1873 closure, but some scholars say that the paper was reopened by Leonard and Bell in 1887.
# Walser Hammerspitze

Walser Hammerspitze is a mountain of Bavaria, Germany. The former name was Schüsser.
47°20′N 10°12′E﻿ / ﻿47.333°N 10.200°E﻿ / 47.333; 10.200
* This Bavaria location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Eunymphicus

Eunymphicus is a genus of parrots in the family Psittaculidae. The genus is endemic to New Caledonia and the Loyalty Islands, and is closely related to the Cyanoramphus parakeets of Oceania.

## Taxonomy

The genus Eunymphicus was introduced in 1937 by the American ornithologist James L. Peters with the horned parakeet as the type species. The name combines the Ancient Greek eu meaning "true" and the genus name Nymphicus that had been introduce in 1832 by Johann Georg Wagler for the cockatiel.
The genus now contains two species:
Genus Eunymphicus – Peters, JL, 1937 – two species :
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
| Horned parakeet | Eunymphicus cornutus (Gmelin, 1788) | New Caledonia | Size: Habitat: Diet: | VU |
| Ouvea parakeet | Eunymphicus uvaeensis (E.L. & E.L.C. Layard, 1882) | Ouvéa, Loyalty Islands | Size: Habitat: Diet: | VU |
# Francis William Davenport

Francis William Davenport (9 April 1847, Wilderslowe, near Derby - 1 April, 1925, Scarborough) was an English musician and composer. In 1879 was appointed professor, at the Royal Academy of Music. Then in 1882 he became a professor at the Guildhall School of Music.
Davenport read law at University College, Oxford. However, he decided to have a career in music, studying under George Alexander Macfarren. In 1873 he married Macfarren's daughter Clarina Thalia Macfarren (23 Mar 1848-10 Jul 1934). They had several children; son Robert, a writer and illustrator of children's stories and popular song lyricist, was father of the critic John Davenport
Whilst teaching at the Royal Academy of Music, he taught harmony and counterpoint to Alicia Adélaide Needham, the mother of Joseph Needham. Other pupils included Ethel Mary Boyce, Percy Buck, Arthur Hinton, Amy Elsie Horrocks, Chester Edward Ide, Colin McAlpin, Percy Hilder Miles and Ellen Riley Wright.
His daughter, originally Gertrude Mary Davenport married Eden Paul, with whom she published many works under the name Cedar Paul. His nephew, Christopher Wilson, was a composer, conductor and music director for the theatre.

## Works

* Symphony in D minor: this won the Crystal Palace Symphony Competition in 1876.
* Symphony No 2 in C major.
* Twelfth Night, overture for orchestra
* Prelude and Fugue for orchestra
* Piano Trio
* Six Pieces for piano and cello
* Pictures on a Journey, suite for piano
* Many partsongs and songs

## Publications

* Elements of Music (1884)
* Elements of Harmony and Counterpoint (1886)
* Guide for Pianoforte Students (with Percy Baker) (1891)
# Francesco Calzavara

Francesco Calzavara (born 18 September 1964 in San Donà di Piave) is a Venetist politician from Veneto, Italy.
A member of Liga Veneta–Lega Nord since 1993, Calzavara was long active in municipal politics in his hometown, Jesolo. Having followed Renato Martin out of Liga Veneta, Calzavara was elected mayor in 2002 by beating in the run-off the centre-right candidate supported also by his former party. After breaking with Martin and returning to the party's fold, Calzavara was re-elected mayor in 2007 by beating Martin. Between 2012 and 2015 Calzavara was the municipal secretary of Liga Veneta in Jesolo.
In the 2015 regional election Calzavara was first elected to the Regional Council of Veneto, where he presided a committee for five years. Re-elected in the 2020 regional election, Calzavara was appointed regional minister of Planning, Budget, Patrimony and Local Government in Luca Zaia's third government.
# Canton of Saint-Jean-Soleymieux

The canton of Saint-Jean-Soleymieux is a French former administrative division located in the department of Loire and the Rhône-Alpes region. It was disbanded following the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. It consisted of 13 communes, which joined the canton of Montbrison in 2015. It had 7,831 inhabitants (2012).
The canton comprised the following communes:
* Boisset-Saint-Priest
* La Chapelle-en-Lafaye
* Chazelles-sur-Lavieu
* Chenereilles
* Gumières
* Lavieu
* Luriecq
* Margerie-Chantagret
* Marols
* Montarcher
* Saint-Georges-Haute-Ville
* Saint-Jean-Soleymieux
* Soleymieux
# Cotoru River

Cotoru River may refer to:
* Cotoru, a tributary of the Jaleș in Gorj County, Romania
* Cotoru, a tributary of the Măcriș in Gorj County, Romania
# Euthyrisellidae

Euthyrisellidae is a family of bryozoans belonging to the order Cheilostomatida.
Genera:
* Euthyrisell Bassler, 1936
* Neoeuthyris Bretnall, 1921
* Pleurotoichus Levinsen, 1909
* Pseudoplatyglena Gordon & d'Hondt, 1997
* Tropidozoum Harmer, 1957
# Euthysana

Euthysana is a genus of moths in the family Geometridae.
# Euthystira

Euthystira is a genus of grasshoppers belonging to the family Acrididae.

## Species

Species recognized by Orthoptera Species File:
* Euthystira brachyptera (Ocskay, 1826) - small gold grasshopper
* Euthystira luteifemora Zhang, F., Yiping Zheng & Bingzhong Ren, 1995
* Euthystira pavlovskii Bey-Bienko, 1954
* Euthystira xinyuanensis Liu, Jupeng, 1981
* Euthystira yuzhongensis Zheng, Z., 1984
# Badia a Settimo

43°46′49.64″N 11°08′41.13″E﻿ / ﻿43.7804556°N 11.1447583°E﻿ / 43.7804556; 11.1447583
The Badia a Settimo or Abbazia dei Santi Salvatore e Lorenzo a Settimo is a Cluniac Benedictine abbey in the comune of Scandicci, near Florence in Tuscany, Italy. It was founded in 1004.
On 18 March 1236, by order of Pope Gregory IX, the monastery passed to the Cistercians of the abbey of Galgano Guidotti.
In the chapel of San Jacopo of the Badia, which dates to 1315, are frescoes, much ruined, that are the only surviving work attributed with reasonable certainty – by Ghiberti – to Buffalmacco, whose real name was Bonamico or Buonamico.
# Brejolândia

Brejolândia is a municipality in the state of Bahia in the North-East region of Brazil.
# Newfoundland (disambiguation)

Newfoundland is an island in North America and part of the province of Newfoundland and Labrador.
Newfoundland may also refer to:

## Places
### Canada

* Three islands in the current province of Newfoundland and Labrador share this name:
** Newfoundland (island), the main island
** Newfoundland Island, Labrador, off the coast of Labrador
** Ukasiksalik Island, in Davis Inlet, Labrador, also known as Newfoundland Island
* As a political entity:
** Newfoundland Colony, an English and later British colony from 1583 to 1907
** Dominion of Newfoundland, a self-governing dominion of the British Empire from 1907 to 1949
** Newfoundland, a province of Canada from 1949 to 2001; see 1948 Newfoundland referendums
** Newfoundland and Labrador, the province's name since 2001

### United Kingdom

* Newfoundland, London, a residential skyscraper development opened in 2021

### United States

* Newfoundland, Kentucky
* Newfoundland, New Jersey
** Newfoundland station (New York, Susquehanna and Western Railroad)
* Newfoundland, Pennsylvania
* Newfoundland Mountains, of Utah, in the Great Salt Lake Desert

## Transportation

* HMS Newfoundland (59), a Royal Navy cruiser
* HMHS Newfoundland, a British Royal Mail Ship that became a hospital ship in the Second World War and was sunk in the Mediterranean
* SS Newfoundland, a sealing ship that lost many crew in a disaster in 1914
* HMCS Newfoundland, a proposed and cancelled Canada-class nuclear submarine for Canadian Forces Maritime Command
* 45573 Newfoundland, a British LMS Jubilee Class locomotive

## Animals

* Newfoundland dog
* Newfoundland pony
* Newfoundland sheep

## Literature

* New Found Land (Christopher novel), a book by John Christopher
* New Found Land (Wolf novel), a book by Allan Wolf
* Dirty Linen and New-Found-Land, a pair of plays by Tom Stoppard that are always performed together
* Newfoundland: Journey Into a Lost Nation, a non-fiction book by Michael Crummey
# Eutropis chapaensis

The Sapa mabouya (Eutropis chapaensis) is a species of skink found in Vietnam.
# Eutropis bontocensis

The Luzon montane mabouya (Eutropis bontocensis) is a species of skink found in Luzon in the Philippines.
# Eutropis cuprea

The copper sun skink (Eutropis cuprea) is a species of skink found in the Philippines.
# Evan Nepean (cricketer)

For the British politician and colonial administrator, see Evan Nepean.
Evan Alcock Nepean (13 September 1865 – 20 January 1906) was an English barrister and first-class cricketer. Active 1886–1902, he played for Middlesex, Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC) and Oxford University.

## Life

He was the son of Sir Evan Colville Nepean (1836–1908) of the War Office and his wife Elizabeth Jenner, born in Mitcham. He was educated at St Mark's School, Windsor, Berkshire, and Sherborne School. He matriculated at University College, Oxford in 1884, and played in the University cricket XI in 1887 and 1888.
Nepean was called to the bar at the Inner Temple in 1891, and subsequently played less cricket, concentrating on his legal career; but he played for the MCC against the Australians at Lords in 1893. He died in Windsor. He had suffered pneumonia after influenza. At the time he was one of the counsel in the case of the Daira Sanieh corporation of Egypt. Initially he had been junior to H. H. Asquith, who gave up the brief in 1905 on entering government.

## Cricketer

Nepean played 45 matches for Middlesex; his uncles Augustus Nepean and Charles Nepean were also Middlesex cricketers. His final first-class game was for the MCC in 1902. He also played for Dorset County Cricket Club.
Nepean was a noted all-rounder, and Prince Christian Victor of Schleswig-Holstein claimed to have discovered his talent at the 1887 Perambulators v. Etceteras trial match at Oxford for public school boys. He did well with bat and ball in Oxford's 1887 victory in the Varsity Match. He was considered to be at his peak in 1889. He was initially a fast bowler; later he bowled leg breaks.

## Family

Nepean married in 1892 Evelyn Reid, daughter of Cecil Frederick Read, a director of Reid's Brewery Co.; they had a son, Evan Cecil, born in 1893, died 4 October 1918 serving in the Royal Scots Fusiliers.
# Eupithecia coaequalis

Eupithecia coaequalis is a moth in the family Geometridae. It is found in Zimbabwe.
# Box Hill City Band

Founded in 1889 Box Hill City Band, formerly the Box Hill Temperance Band, Reporter District Brass Band, and Box Hill District Band, is one of the oldest brass bands in Victoria, Australia.

## History

The Box Hill Temperance Band was formed in 1889 by the temperance movement in Box Hill.
The first recorded performance of the band was on 24 May 1889 as part of the Queen Victoria birthday celebrations.
Shortly after their beginning the band is known to have disbanded, or ceased for a short span of time around 1890 and 1893. The exact dates of the band's short disbandment then re-formation are currently unconfirmed.
A photo of the band in 1890 names the band as the Box Hill United Methodists Brass Band, which suggests a change of administration took place.
On September 27, 1895, the "Box Hill Reporter" published an article regarding the Band, which included this excerpt: "This band seems to have had a somewhat chequered career. Formerly it was connected with the temperance society here: the cold water element, however was too weak to sustain it and collapse No. 1 followed. It was then taken in hand by a more general committee and just as efficiency on the part of its members was anticipated, collapse No. 2 came. It is now feared that nothing can prevent a general break-up, but we sincerely hope such will not be the case."(4)
In 1901 the band was reformed as the Box Hill Military Band. In 1906 the band voted to rename themselves the Box Hill District Band.
Under the sponsorship of the Box Hill Reporter newspaper the band carried the name "Reporter District Brass Band" from December 1909. The band continued under this name for some years until it became known as the Box Hill District Band when the sponsorship ceased. The exact date of this change is unconfirmed.
When the City of Box Hill was proclaimed in 1927 the band was renamed Box Hill City Band.
During world war 2 the band faced its third break as the men from the band served in the military services. Reforming around 1951.
The band continues today under the Box Hill City Band name as a Grade B brass band within the Victorian Bands League.
# Brampton Gurdon

Brampton Gurdon may refer to:
* Brampton Gurdon (of Assington and Letton) (died 1649), Member of Parliament for Sudbury (1621) and High Sheriff of Suffolk
* Brampton Gurdon (of Letton) (1606–1669), his son, Member of Parliament for Sudbury (1645–1653) and a cavalry colonel in the English Civil War
* Brampton Gurdon (lecturer) (died 1741), Archdeacon of Sudbury, fellow of Caius College, Cambridge and Boyle lecturer
* Brampton Gurdon (Norfolk MP) (1797–1881), British politician
* William Brampton Gurdon (1840–1910), Norfolk MP sometimes called Sir Brampton Gurdon
# El Hombre Misterioso

El Hombre Misteroso is a Peruvian rock band formed in 2002 by Santiago Pillado (vocals, drums), Rodrigo Ráez (guitar, backing vocals), José Luis Salomón (bass guitar) and Fernando Salomón (percussion) in Lima, Peru. The band released their first album "Pez Raro" on 2004 and that same year Richard Gutiérrez joined to establish the band and record their next three albums: "The Achorado Sound of El Hombre Misterioso" (2008), "Inside The Corporation" (2009) and "Ausencia" (2013).

## Discography

* Pez Raro (2004)
* The Achorado Sound Of El Hombre Misterioso (2008)
* Inside The Corporation (2009)
* Ausencia (2013)
* El Hombre Misterioso (2016)

## Music videos

* La Luna Houston Texas (2009)
* Sabia Virtud (2016)
# Modwenna

Modwenna, or Modwen, was a nun and saint in England, who founded Burton Abbey in Staffordshire in the 7th century.
According to the medieval Life of St Modwenna she was an Irish noblewoman by birth and founded the abbey on an island in the River Trent.
Modwenna is reported to have performed many holy miracles at Burton Abbey, and to this day the well on the site is said to have healing properties. After a time Modwenna left Burton-upon-Trent and travelled to Scotland where she died in Langfortin, near Dundee, reportedly at the age of 130. Her body was returned to Burton-upon-Trent for burial. Another abbess and saint, Osyth (died 700), was raised under Modwenna's direction.
Others, however, say that she has been confused with St Monenna (Moninne) of Ireland and with a Scottish saint also called Modwenna, said to have established seven churches in Scotland, including one in Longforgan, near Dundee, and that the Anglo-Norman text of her life has little historical value. This may be how she comes to be associated with Alfred the Great, whom she is said to have known, even though he lived in the 9th century, some two hundred years later.
St Modwen's, Burton upon Trent is dedicated to her as is the chapel at Pillaton Hall and the Catholic St Mary and St Modwen Church, Burton-on-Trent.
# Pasiphila nebulosa

Pasiphila nebulosa is a moth in the family Geometridae. It is found in New Zealand.
# Capitan, Louisiana

Capitan is an unincorporated community in Lafayette Parish, Louisiana, United States.
The community is located near the intersection of LA Hwy 89 and Platt Road.
# Cottler

Cottler is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Irving Cottler (1918–1989), an American drummer
* Elaine Showalter (born Elaine Cottler in 1941), American literary critic, feminist, and writer
# Eugnosta aphrobapta

Eugnosta aphrobapta is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in Brazil (Esprito Santo and Rondonia), Ecuador (Napo Province).
# Walter Cristofoletto

Walter Cristofoletto (born 2 June 1964 in Treviso) is a former Italian rugby union player and coach. He played as a lock.

## Career

Cristofoletto played for Benetton Treviso most of his career, from 1985/86 to 1998/99. He won five titles of the Italian Championship, in 1988/89, 1991/92, 1996/97, 1997/98 and 1998/99, and one Cup of Italy, in 1997/98. He played for Stade Montois, in France, for the season of 2000/01. He finished his career in Petrarca Padova Rugby, in 2001/02. He would be the coach of Petrarca Padova Rugby for the next four seasons, from 2002/03 to 2005/06. He would be coach of Feltre for 2006/07 and early 2007/08, resigning in December, after poor results.
Cristofoletto had 31 caps for Italy, from 1992 to 2000, scoring one try, 5 points in aggregate. He won the FIRA Cup in 1997. He represented Italy at the 1999 Rugby World Cup, playing two games, and at the 2000 Six Nations Championship, again in two games.
He was the founder and President of the Italian Association of Rugby Coaches, recognized by the Italian Rugby Federation in 2008.
# Brampton Gurdon (Norfolk MP)

John Brampton Gurdon, known as Brampton Gurdon, (25 September 1797 – 28 April 1881) was a British Liberal Party and Whig politician.

## Family

Born in 1797, Gurdon was the son of Theophilus Thornhagh Gurdon and Anne Mellish. He married Henrietta Susannah Ridley-Colborne — daughter of Nicholas Ridley-Colborne and Charlotte Steele — in 1828, and they had four children:
* Charlotte Gurdon (died 1868)
* Amy Louisa Gurdon (died 1864)
* Robert Thornhagh Gurdon (1829–1902)
* William Brampton Gurdon (1840–1910)

## Career

Gurdon was elected a Whig MP for West Norfolk at the 1857 general election and was re-elected as a Liberal in the next general election in 1859. Later, at the 1865 general election, he was defeated.
Gurdon was also a Deputy Lieutenant of Norfolk, Justice of the Peace for Norfolk, and, in 1855, High Sheriff of Norfolk.
# Arthua

Arthua is a panchayat (village) in Aurangabad district in the Indian state of Bihar.

## Language

The languages of Arthua are Hindi and Urdu and most of the villagers speak both.

## Transportation

The nearest railway station to Arthua is Rafiganj, located around 9.1 kilometer away. Other railway stations and their distance from Arthua are:
| Guraru railway station | 18.7 km. |
| Jakhim railway station | 26.3 km. |
| Gaya Jn railway station | 38.8 km. |
Arthua's nearest airport is Gaya International Airport located at a distance of 33.9 km away. Another airport around Arthua is Lok Nayak Jayaprakash Airport, 136.1 km removed from Arthua.

## Education

Schools in the Arthua area are:
| Arthua High School | 0.7 km. |
| Urdu Middile School Budhaul | 4.3 km. |
| Pirwan Middle School | 6.7 km. |
# Medical genetic ethics

Medical genetic ethics is a field in which the ethics of medical genetics is evaluated. Like the other field of medicine, medical genetics also face ethical issues.
The availability of direct to consumer (DTC) genetic testing to analyses the genetic variants which predispose the individuals to medical conditions like breast cancer and ovarian cancer demands the review of the guidelines which are based on the ethical issues associated with the clinical setup.
Ethics principles, which are based on the physician-patient relationship, like respect for the autonomy of persons, beneficence, non-maleficence, and justice applied in medical field cover most of the ethical issues in medical genetics. However, due to the fact that the genetic information is shared by the family members and the information which is generated for a patient could involve those who are predisposed to the genetic condition, medical genetic ethics require additional measures.

## ELSI program

The Ethical, Legal, and Social Implications of Human Genetics Research (ELSI) program was developed in 1990 and funded by the agencies which funded the human genome project to look into the ethical, legal and social implications which will arise after the completion of human genome project and large scale availability of the genetic information. ELSI program focussed on the high priority areas, like privacy and fairness in the use and interpretation of genomic information, and clinical integration of genetic technologies. which are relevant to medical genetic ethics.

## ELSI of Next Generation Sequencing

Next-generation sequencing (NGS) is a massively parallel sequencing technology that offers ultra-high throughput, scalability, and speed. Unlike earlier sequencing technology, some of these NGS techniques are easily accessible to the public and can be used without much training and infrastructure. For example, Nanopore sequencing Technology currently provides the ability to do rapid DNA sequencing with a handheld device. Hence, Its also important to study the Ethical, Legal and Societal aspects of Nanopore-based sequencing technologies and in general Next Generation sequencing.

## WHO guideline

In 1995, the World Health Organization published the first guideline on ethical issues in medical genetics. During the time of the guideline, the genetic analysis was confined to the clinical setup and mostly to the developed nations but with the completion of human genome project in 2003 and the advent of high throughput sequencing techniques, the human genome has become accessible to both developed and developing nations and the regular household.