OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Visa policy of Artsakh

Visitors to the former Republic of Artsakh had to obtain a visa, unless they came from one of the visa exempt countries.

## Visa exemption

Citizens of the following countries, including those from the Commonwealth of Independent States and all Eurasian Union member states, could visit Artsakh without a visa:
| Armenia  Belarus  Kazakhstan  Kyrgyzstan  Moldova | Russia  Tajikistan  Turkmenistan  Ukraine  Uzbekistan |
In addition to the countries above, citizens of three other Post-Soviet disputed states could travel visa free to Artsakh. All members of the Community for Democracy and Rights of Nations have agreed to abolish visa requirements for their citizens:
* Abkhazia
* South Ossetia
* Transnistria

## Visa required in advance

Citizens of other countries could obtain a visa in the Permanent Mission of Artsakh to Armenia. In exceptional cases, the entrance visa could be granted at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Artsakh in Stepanakert. There was a single 21-day tourist visa available, and single and multiple visas valid for up to one, two or three months.
Travelers with Artsakh visa (expired or valid) or evidence of travel to Artsakh (stamps) without Azerbaijani government permission will be permanently refused entry and transit to Azerbaijan, and they will be also listed as persona non grata.
In 2021, a new procedure for entering the republic was put into effect. According to the amendments, all representatives of international media wishing to conduct journalistic activities in Artsakh must be accredited by both the Artsakh and Armenian Foreign Ministries.

## Admission refused

Citizens of the following five countries and one partially recognized country were prohibited from entering the territory of the Republic of Artsakh:
| Afghanistan  Azerbaijan  Israel | Northern Cyprus  Pakistan  Turkey |
# Nick Pretzlik

Nicholas Charles Pretzlik (30 July 1945 – 11 July 2004) was an English first-class cricketer, businessman and philanthropist.
The son of a Scottish mother and a wartime Royal Air Force pilot, he was born at Crawley in July 1945. Pretzlik was educated at Ludgrove School and later Eton College. He was an able sportsman, playing cricket and becoming the English ski jumping champion at the age of 17. In March and April 1964, he toured the subcontinent with E. W. Swanton's personal cricket team, making a single appearance in first-class cricket on the tour against an Indian XI at Eden Gardens; batting once in the match, he was dismissed for 16 runs by Bhagwat Chandrasekhar.
Pretzlik went into business with the Arthur Woollacott Group, founded by his grandfather, which specialised in paper and packaging. Ill-health, in which he suffered blackouts at the age of 49, necessitated his retirement from the business. Following his retirement, he spent his time travelling by walking and cycling around South America. Upon his return home, he found himself restless and travelled once more, this time to Africa, Asia, and the Middle East.
It was while investigating how safe it would be for one of his sons to travel to Israel, that Prezlik became interested in the Israeli–Palestinian conflict, and would, as a result, become an advocate for Palestinian causes. He helped to raise money to enable medical treatment and educational opportunities for young Palestinians. Pretzlik died from heart failure at Kensington in July 2004, shortly before he was due to embark on a fundraising cycle ride from London to Jerusalem. He was survived by his wife, Ursula, and their two sons.
# Drishane Castle

Drishane Castle is a MacCarthy tower house and National Monument located in County Cork, Ireland. In modern times the name is also used to refer to the adjacent house which dates from the 18th century. It is located 2.2 km (1.4 mi) northeast of Millstreet, on the south bank of the Munster Blackwater.

## History

The tower house at Drishane was built by the MacCarthy (Mac Cárthaigh) clan c. 1436–50. It was probably begun by Dermot Mór, the second son of Tadhg (King of Desmond 1390–1428). Tadhg, son of Owen was in possession of Drishane Castle in 1592 when he surrendered it to Queen Elizabeth I and got a regrant. His son Owen (Eoin) still held the castle at his death in 1637.
All MacCarthy lands were forfeit after the Irish Confederate Wars (1641–53), but were restored to Donough MacCarty, 1st Earl of Clancarty in 1660 when Charles II regained the throne.
The MacCarthys again lost their lands after the Williamite War (1689–91). The land fell to the Hollow Sword Blade Company, who sold it to Henry Wallis in 1709; the Wallises took full ownership in 1728.
The Wallis family built the house, or castle as it came to be called, c. 1730. During the Fenian Rising of 1867, Drishane Castle was garrisoned. It remained in Wallis hands until 1882, later being owned by Patrick Stack. It became a convent in 1909, owned by the Sisters of the Infant Jesus, who operated a boarding secondary school for girls until 1992. In 1974 it was used as a location set as the fictional Brede Abbey in the film version of In This House of Brede. It was bought by the Duggan family and became a centre for asylum seekers.

## Tower house

The tower house is 22 m tall. It is built of stone with four storeys and narrow arrowslits. There are "Irish" crenellations on the roof, and a small circular tower next to the castle.
# Craig baronets

There have been two baronetcies created for persons with the surname Craig, both in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom.
The Craig Baronetcy, of Craigavon, was created in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom on 5 February 1918. For more information on this creation, see the Viscount Craigavon.
The Craig Baronetcy, of Alsager in the County of Chester, was created in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom on 1 July 1927 for Ernest Craig, Conservative Member of Parliament for Crewe from 1912 to 1918 and 1924 to 1929. The title became extinct on his death in 1933.

## Craig baronets, of Craigavon (1918)

* see the Viscount Craigavon

## Craig baronets, of Alsager (1927)

* Sir Ernest Craig, 1st Baronet (1859–1933)
# Patterns II

Patterns II is a pencil and paper game developed by Sid Sackson for 3 or more players. It emphasizes the use of inductive logic and scientific analysis to discover a hidden pattern of symbols within a matrix of grid spaces.

## Gameplay

One player, the Designer, designs a pattern and then places a symbol within each cell of a 6x6 grid using an agreed upon set of symbols (e.g., plus, circle, triangle, square, star). The Designer’s pattern can be based upon visual symmetries, mathematical algorithms, or other method (see example pattern). The Designer's pattern is not shown to the other players, but must be discovered by them through the game play.
Each player of the game receives a paper with a blank 6x6 grid of cells on it and a listing of the symbols used for the game. Players place a tick mark in the lower right corner of cells in the grid if they would like to know the symbol the Designer placed there. Players pass their grids to the Designer, who fills in the ticked grid cells with the correct symbol, and then passes the grids back to their respective Players.
Players look over the information provided by the Designer and try to discern what patterns exist. Each player can ask for additional information on grid cell contents from the Designer, and can submit multiple requests for information. However, the more information a player requests, the less their maximum score can become.
After a player thinks he or she knows the pattern within the 6x6 grid, he or she fills in the rest of the grid with appropriate symbols and gives the grid to the Designer to score. The Designer reviews the completed grid and scores it as follows: +0 for each cell where the Designer filled in the symbol for the Player, +1 for each cell correctly induced by the Player, and -1 for each cell incorrectly induced by the Player. Each Player’s score is the sum of points across all the cells, hence scores may range from -36 (total guess, and all incorrect) through +36 (a “mind reader” who got all the symbols correct). The Designer’s score is twice the difference between the highest player’s score and the lowest player’s score (i.e., 2x(Highest-Lowest) ). This rewards a pattern that one player discovers easily and another player has great difficulty understanding.
There are usually enough rounds in the game so that each player can be Designer once. Each person’s score is the sum of scores for each round, and the person with the highest score is the winner.
As there is no rule defining what constitutes a pattern, a viable strategy for the Designer could be to choose a very simple pattern with a flaw in one cell. Players not asking about the cell with the flaw are likely to score well, where as players that do are likely to score poorly, resulting in a high score for the Designer.
# C20H14N4

The molecular formula C$_{20}$H$_{14}$N$_4$ (molar mass: 310.35 g/mol, exact mass: 310.1218 u) may refer to:
* Porphine, or porphin
* Nemertelline
# Araeodelphis

Araeodelphis is an extinct genus of river dolphin from the early Miocene of the East Coast of the United States.

## Fossils

Remains of Araeodelphis are known from the early Miocene Burdigalian-age Plum Point Member of the Calvert Formation in Maryland.

## Phylogeny

Cladistic analysis by Godfrey et al. (2017) recovers Araeodelphis as basal to the South Asian river dolphin the platanistid subfamily Pomatodelphinae.
# Elsie Quarterman

Elsie Quarterman (November 28, 1910 – June 9, 2014) was a prominent plant ecologist. She was a professor emerita at Vanderbilt University.
Quarterman was born on November 28, 1910, in Valdosta, Georgia. She earned a B.A. from Georgia State Women's College (now Valdosta State University) in 1932 and earned an M.A. in botany from Duke University in 1943. She completed her PhD at Duke University in 1949 with Henry J. Oosting. During her graduate work and afterward, she also collaborated extensively with Catherine Keever.
Quarterman is best known for her work on the ecology of Tennessee cedar glades. These herb-dominated plant communities on the shallow soils of limestone outcrops are globally rare habitats and contain many endemic plant species. She is also credited with rediscovering the native Tennessee coneflower, Echinacea tennesseensis, which was thought to be extinct, in 1969. Conservation efforts for the coneflower were successful, and it was delisted as an endangered species in 2011.
She supervised seven doctoral students, including Stewart Ware, a plant ecologist at the College of William and Mary, and Carol and Jerry Baskin, professors at the University of Kentucky.

## Death

She died on June 9, 2014, aged 103, in Nashville.

## Honors

Quarterman became the first woman department chair at Vanderbilt when she chaired the Biology Department in 1964.
The Tennessee Academy of Science honored Quarterman with the 2003 Distinguished College/University Scientist Award.
The Southeastern Chapter of the Ecological Society of America gives an annual Quarterman-Keever Award to the best student poster in ecology. The Elsie Quarterman Cedar Glade, a 185-acre (0.75 km$^2$) natural area that is part of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Percy Priest Reservoir and Wildlife Management Area near La Vergne, Tennessee, is named in her honor.
In 2008, an annual spring wildflower event at Cedars of Lebanon State Park, celebrated annually for over 30 years, was renamed the Elsie Quarterman Wildflower Weekend.

## Selected works

* Quarterman, Elsie. 1950. Major plant communities of Tennessee cedar glades. Ecology 31: 234–254.
* Quarterman, Elsie. 1957. Early Plant Succession on Abandoned Cropland in the Central Basin of Tennessee. Ecology 38: 300–309.
* Quarterman, Elsie, and Catherine Keever. 1962. Southern mixed hardwood forest: climax in the southeastern Coastal Plain. Ecological Monographs 32: 167–185.
* Quarterman, Elsie, Barbara Holman Turner, and Thomas E. Hemmerly. 1972. Analysis of virgin mixed mesophytic forests in Savage Gulf, Tennessee. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 99: 228–232.
* Quarterman, Elsie and Richard L. Powell. 1978. Potential ecological/geological natural landmarks on the interior low plateaus. National Park Service. Interagency Resource Management Division.
# Barun, Bihar

Barun is a small town in Barun Panchayat Block of Aurangabad district of Bihar, India.
Barun is located 133.7 km (83.1 mi) from Patna Junction station and 11.6 km (7.2 mi) from Aurangabad. The bridge No. 4 for crossing over the Son river is 2.5 km (1.6 mi) away and Dehri-on-sone across river is 5.4 km (3.4 mi) away.
The Pincode of Barun is 824112. Barun is located just 2 km (1.2 mi) away from Grand Trunk Road, which crosses over Sone River to Dehri.
# Boaram Festival

Boaram Festival is an annual harvest festival celebrated by the chiefs and people of Talensis in the Bongo Traditional Area in the Upper East Region of Ghana. It is usually celebrated between the months of October and November.

## Celebrations

During the festival, sacrifices are made to the gods.

## Significance

The festival is celebrated to give thanks to the gods and ancestors after harvesting farm produce and for granting good health and strength throughout the farming season.
# Mędrów

Mędrów is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Raków, within Kielce County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 6 kilometres (4 mi) north-west of Raków and 33 km (21 mi) south-east of the regional capital Kielce.
# Cozla Fossil Site

The Cozla Fossil Site is located near the town of Piatra Neamț in Romania. The limestones exposed at this site are part of the Cozla Formation.
46°56′39″N 26°21′58″E﻿ / ﻿46.9442°N 26.3661°E﻿ / 46.9442; 26.3661
* This Romanian location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Nick Prevost House

The Nick Prevost House was a residence in Anderson, South Carolina. Built in 1877 by Nick Prevost, a local entrepreneur, it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984, but was taken off the list in 2005 after it was demolished. The house is described as an early example of Neoclassical Revival architecture. The design was based on a house exhibited at the 1876 Centennial Exposition in Philadelphia. The one-story three bay wood-frame house had simulated wood quoins at the corners and an arcaded porch across the front. The porch featured segmental arches on Doric columns. The roof was flat, with a balustrade matching that on the porch.
# Drypetes thorelii

Drypetes thorelii is an Asian tree species in the family Putranjivaceae; it is named after the French botanist Clovis Thorel.
The recorded occurrence of this species is from Cambodia and Vietnam (where it may be called sang trắng Thorel).
# War Memorial Park

War Memorial Park may refer to:
* War Memorial Park (West Bridgewater, Massachusetts)
* War Memorial Park, Coventry, England
* War Memorial Park, Singapore
* Kangaroo Ground War Memorial Park, Kangaroo Ground, Victoria, Australia
* Irish National War Memorial Gardens
# Begonia solimutata

Begonia solimutata (or Begonia soli-mutata), the sun-changing begonia, is a species of flowering plant in the family Begoniaceae, native to Pará state in northern Brazil. It has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.
# Beer Chand Patel Path

Beer Chand Patel Path (formerly Gardiner Road) is major thoroughfare in Patna. It branches off from Income Tax Golamber and terminates at R-Block Golamber.

## Overview

R Block is the area near R block Golambar at the confluence of Beer Chand Patel Marg and Hardinge Road. Daroga Prasad Rai Path connects Bir Chand Patel Path with S K Puri. R Block mainly is an area made up of government quarters. It has famous hotels of Patna like Chanakya and Kautilya. It has a large number of government offices and political party's offices. Nav Lakha Durga Mandir is a major landmark of this area. Road or driving distance from Patna Junction railway station to Beer Chand Patel Path is 3 km and from Patna Airport is 4 km.

## Major landmarks

* Bhartiya Janata Party Pradesh Karlaya
* Hotel Chanakya
* Hotel Kautilya Bihar, BSTDC
* Presidents' Chamber
* R Block Chowk (Veer Kunwar Singh Chowk)
* Rabindra Bhawan
* Hotel Patliputra Ashok
* Janata Dal (United) HQ
* Rashtriya Janata Dal state office

## Nearby places

* New Patna Club (0.2 km)
* Adalat Ganj (0.4 km)
* Patna G.P.O Campus (0.5 km)
* Hardinge Park (0.5 km)
* Adalatganj (0.5 km)
* R Block (0.7 km)
* Patna Women's College (0.7 km)
* Mithapur Railway Over Bridge (0.7 km)
* Mount Carmel High School, Patna (0.8 km)
* Patna Museum Campus (0.9 km)
* Miller School
# November 1981 (album)

November 1981 is double album by American jazz trumpeter Bill Dixon consisting of one disc recorded live in Zurich and another in a studio in Milan in November 1981. It was released on the Italian Soul Note label.

## Reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| The Encyclopedia of Popular Music | |
| The Penguin Guide to Jazz Recordings | |
| The Rolling Stone Jazz Record Guide | |
In his review for AllMusic, Bob Rusch states: "The music on this two-record set was typical of trumpeter Bill Dixon's hue and perhaps the most in-command set of his so far released. The first five tracks on sides one and two... struck me as rather unresolved and tedious on first listening. The last four tracks on sides three and four... grabbed me with both their immediacy and daring. Both sides impressed me with the dedication to purity which has always marked all of Dixon's music. Repeated listenings to record number one brought out greater dimensions to the music, displaying an azure mellowness which ran deep with revolving panoramas."
The authors of The Penguin Guide to Jazz awarded the album four stars out of four, and wrote that it "may be considered Dixon's small-group masterpiece, patiently conceived and executed, and generously proportioned. Dixon likes to build his ideas around silence, but these statuesque themes also use rich drones provided by the bass player... As ever, the trumpet is used quite sparingly, with the opening 'Webern'... there to underline his use of the Klangfarbenmelodie device whereby different instruments play different parts of the line and in which timbre and colour are structural principles and not just decoration."

## Track listing

    All compositions by Bill Dixon
Side A:
* "November 1981" -10:40
* "Penthesilea" -10:10
Side B:
* "The Second Son" - 5:10
* "The Sirens" - 7:05
* "Another Quiet Feeling" - 6:48
Side C:
* "Announcement" - 1:13 omitted from CD rerelease
* "Webern" - 1:24
* "Windswept Winterset" -15:42
Side D:
* "Velvet" - 6:44
* "Llaattiinnoo Suite" -15:24
* Announcement - 1:40 omitted from CD rerelease
* Sides A & B recorded November 16 & 17, 1981, at Barigozzi Studios, Milano, Italy. Sides C & D recorded live November 8, 1981, at Volkshaus, Zürich, Switzerland. The CD rerelease omits the stage announcements and programs the live tracks first.

## Personnel

* Bill Dixon - trumpet
* Mario Pavone, Alan Silva - bass
* Laurence Cook - drums
# Nortt

Nortt is a Danish funeral doom metal project maintained by a musician who goes by an eponymous pseudonym. The project was founded in 1995 and the sole member describes his music as "pure depressive black funeral doom metal". In terms of lyrics and imagery (for instance the use of corpse paint) he is akin to other black metal acts, while the sound of his music is closer to doom metal.
On his official website Nortt reveals a fascination with darkness, night, nihilism, solitude, misery, misanthropy and death. In an interview he remarked: "Death ... is viewed as an inevitable and alluring phenomenon. Death is described from the perspective of the dying and from the dead. The uncertainty of death is preached as more thrilling than the well-known pain of life." He is a self-proclaimed nihilist, and thinks that religion is for the weak. While he despises religion, he views the occult and old (pre-Christian, pagan) religions with respect. Nortt believes that it takes strength to be a Satanist, because of its existentialism and free thought.
For his third full-length album, Galgenfrist, he signed with Italian underground label Avantgarde Music.

## Line-up

* Nortt (real name unknown) – vocals, guitar, bass, drums, keyboards

## Discography
### Full-length albums

* Gudsforladt ["Godforsaken"] (2004) (containing previously released tracks, as well as new material)
* Ligfærd ["Funeral March/Journey of the Dead"] (2006)
* Galgenfrist ["Last Respite"] (2008)
* Endeligt (2017)

### EP releases

* Hedengang ["The Passing"] (2002)

### Demos

* Nattetale (Rehearsal Version) (1997)
* Nattetale ["Night's Tale"] (1997)
* Døden... ["The Death…"] (1998)
* Graven ["The Grave"] (1999)

### Split albums

* Nortt / Xasthur (with Xasthur) (2004) (containing tracks from Hedengangen EP)

### Compilation albums

* Mournful Monuments 1998–2002 (2003)

## Interviews

* Interview (2004) on Antenna (in English)
* Interview (2004) on Black Alchemy (in Russian)
* Interview (2005) with Erin Fox on The Gauntlet (in English)
* Interview (2004) on Harm Magazine (in English)
* Interview (2004) with Paolo Vidmar on Metal Italia (in Italian)
# Filatopus

Filatopus is a genus of flies in the family Dolichopodidae. It is known from New Zealand and Argentina.
The genus was originally known as Nematopus, named by Octave Parent in 1933. Later, David Miller found the name to be preoccupied by Nematopus (Berthold, 1827), and renamed it to Filatopus in 1945. However, as Nematopus was not designated a type species, the name Filatopus was unavailable until 1970, when Harold E. Robinson designated Nematopus ciliatus as the type species.

## Species

* Filatopus ciliatus (Parent, 1933)
* Filatopus mirabilis (Parent, 1933)
* Filatopus nigripalpis (Van Duzee, 1930)
* Filatopus ornatus (Parent, 1933)
# Danny McBride (musician)

Daniel McBride aka Dirty Dan McBride (November 20, 1945 – July 23, 2009) was an American singer-songwriter and guitarist.

## Early life

Born Daniel Hatton in Somerville, Massachusetts, and raised in Reading, Massachusetts, McBride graduated from Reading Memorial High School, class of 1963 and from Boston University College of Communication in 1970.

## Career

McBride and his group, the Cavaliers, were popular in the early/mid 1960s Boston music scene. However, McBride later became widely known as lead guitarist for Sha Na Na during their heyday, as well as on the band's own TV series of the same name. He appeared in the film Grease in 1978 with Sha Na Na, enjoyed success with other bands and as a solo artist, appeared as an actor and voice-over performer, and was a published writer of humorous pieces for magazines. He died in his sleep on July 23, 2009, in Los Angeles.