OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ella St. Clair Thompson

Ella St. Clair Thompson (1870–1944) was an American suffragist.

## Life

Thompson née Clapp was born on January 10, 1870, in Bakersville, North Carolina. In 1908, she married Edwin St. Clair Thompson. The couple settled in Washington, D.C.
Thompson was an active suffragist. She was a member of the Congressional Union for Woman Suffrage (CUWS), where she served as the North Carolina Field Secretary. In 1915, she traveled to the western states of Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico, and Texas. In New Mexico, Thompson worked with Adelina Otero-Warren to recruit members for a new chapter of the CUWS. The women made a particular effort to recruit Hispanic women to the cause, printing leaflets in Spanish as well as English. In 1916, she traveled to Missouri campaigning for Republican Charles Evans Hughes' failed presidential candidacy. Hughes supported suffrage on a federal level, as an amendment to the U.S. Constitution. In 1917, Thompson traveled with Alice Paul to work on setting up a new branch of the National Woman's Party (NWP).
Thompson was a member of the National Woman's Party, serving as the North Carolina Chair.
In 1918, the Thompsons moved to New York City. The following year, 1919, Ella was arrested outside of the Metropolitan Opera House, demonstrating against Woodrow Wilson.
Edwin died in 1933. Ella died in Asheville, North Carolina, on December 17, 1944.
# Waliyato Clowes

Waliyato Clowes is a Papua New Guinean politician. She was a member of the National Parliament of Papua New Guinea from 1977 to 1982, representing the Middle Fly Open electorate in Western Province.
Clowes was a school teacher before entering politics. She was elected to the National Parliament of Papua New Guinea in the 1977 election, when she was only in her mid-20s. She supported John Guise over Michael Somare for Prime Minister. Initially associated with the United Party, she was later linked with the National Party and Papua Besena before founding her own party, Papuan Alliance (or Panal) in 1980. Her party sought to coordinate all the unaligned Papuan members of parliament, and had "up to eight" MPs, described as "moderate Papuan politicians" as distinct from the more radical Papua Besena. Clowes and her party supported the government of Julius Chan. She was described as a "proponent of women's rights". Clowes was defeated at the 1982 election.
# Partial least squares path modeling

The partial least squares path modeling or partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-PM, PLS-SEM) is a method for structural equation modeling that allows estimation of complex cause-effect relationships in path models with latent variables.

## Overview

PLS-PM is a component-based estimation approach that differs from the covariance-based structural equation modeling. Unlike covariance-based approaches to structural equation modeling, PLS-PM does not fit a common factor model to the data, it rather fits a composite model. In doing so, it maximizes the amount of variance explained (though what this means from a statistical point of view is unclear and PLS-PM users do not agree on how this goal might be achieved).
In addition, by an adjustment PLS-PM is capable of consistently estimating certain parameters of common factor models as well, through an approach called consistent PLS-PM (PLSc-PM). A further related development is factor-based PLS-PM (PLSF), a variation of which employs PLSc-PM as a basis for the estimation of the factors in common factor models; this method significantly increases the number of common factor model parameters that can be estimated, effectively bridging the gap between classic PLS-PM and covariance‐based structural equation modeling.
The PLS-PM structural equation model is composed of two sub-models: the measurement models and the structural model. The measurement models represent the relationships between the observed data and the latent variables. The structural model represents the relationships between the latent variables.
An iterative algorithm solves the structural equation model by estimating the latent variables by using the measurement and structural model in alternating steps, hence the procedure's name, partial. The measurement model estimates the latent variables as a weighted sum of its manifest variables. The structural model estimates the latent variables by means of simple or multiple linear regression between the latent variables estimated by the measurement model. This algorithm repeats itself until convergence is achieved.
PLS is viewed critically by several methodological researchers. A major point of contention has been the claim that PLS-PM can always be used with very small sample sizes. A recent study suggests that this claim is generally unjustified, and proposes two methods for minimum sample size estimation in PLS-PM. Another point of contention is the ad hoc way in which PLS-PM has been developed and the lack of analytic proofs to support its main feature: the sampling distribution of PLS-PM weights. However, PLS-PM is still considered preferable (over covariance‐based structural equation modeling) when it is unknown whether the data's nature is common factor- or composite-based.
# Arytera divaricata

Arytera divaricata, known as the gap axe, coogara, coogera or rose tamarind is a forest tree of eastern Australia. An attractive plant with glossy pale and limp new leaves. It grows in fairly dry situations, often in littoral rainforests and monsoon forest.
The southernmost limit of natural distribution is Port Stephens (32° S) in New South Wales, extending north to Cape York at the northernmost tip of Australia. The generic name Arytera is from the Greek for 'cup', referring to the cup-shaped fruit valves. The specific epithet divaricata is from Latin and refers to the wide-spreading branchlets of the flower panicle.

## Description

A small to large tree with dark mature leaves, reaching a height of over 35 metres, though usually seen less than ten metres tall. The base of the tree is somewhat flanged. The bark is thin, smooth and greyish.
The leaves are pinnate and alternate, of two to six pairs of leaflets. Leaf shape is lanceolate to ovate, not toothed. Leaflets are 5 to 15 cm long, 1.5 to 6 cm wide, hairy and leathery, and usually not with a sharp point. They are shiny green above. New foliage is red, pink then yellow. The leaf stem is 3 to 6 mm long. The midrib is raised above and below. Leaves are distinctly veined, with 8 to 12 main lateral leaf veins.
Flowers form between November and April, being cream in colour, on wide and hairy panicles. The fruit is a capsule with three lobes. Brown oval-shaped seeds are enclosed in a red fleshy aril. The seeds mature from June to October. Seed germination is reliable, often taking only seven days for roots to show.

## Uses

Arytera divaricata may serve as a decorative and ornamental tree.
# Nathalie Teirlinck

Nathalie Teirlinck (Dutch pronunciation:; born 1985) is a Belgian film director and screenwriter.
In 2007, Teirlinck studied at the film department of the Royal Academy of Fine Arts in Ghent. Her three short films, Anémone (2006), Juliette (2007), and Venus vs. Me (2010), were all well received at international film festivals. Both Anémone and Juliette were awarded Best Short Film at the Flanders International Film Festival Ghent. Anémone was nominated at the Locarno Festival, and Venus vs. Me won the V.A.F. WildCard as well as the European Film Academy Award in the wake of the Berlin Film Festival in 2010.
After this, Teirlinck also directed music videos for Novastar, Lady Linn, Admiral Freebee, Amenra, and other artists. She made her theatrical directing debut with the 2009 production Send All Your Horses, and she went on to direct three more productions: Yesterday (2011), Staring Girl (2012), and Slumberland (2015). The last two were nominated for the Theaterfestival, and Slumberland won the Music Theater Now award in New York City in 2015. Since 2012, Teirlinck has also been a guest instructor at the film department of her alma mater, The Royal Academy of Fine Arts, in Ghent.
Teirlinck's first feature-length film, Le Passé devant nous (international title: Past Imperfect), was released in 2016, with Canadian actress Evelyne Brochu in the lead role. The film was produced by Savage Film—famous for producing such films as Bullhead—and was a co-production between Denmark and the Netherlands. The script won the Eurimages Award at CineMart during the International Film Festival Rotterdam in 2015, and, in September 2017, won two Ensor Awards: the Industry Award and Best Debut. In 2018 Nathalie Teirlinck was awarded the Culture Prize from the City of Ghent.

## Personal life

Teirlinck is originally from Brussels, but has been living in Ghent since 2006. In addition to her native Dutch, she also speaks French and English.

## Filmography

* 2016: Le Passé devant nous
* 2010: Venus vs. Me (short film)
* 2007: Juliette (short film)
* 2006: Anémone (short film)

## Selected awards and nominations

| Year | Event | Category | Film | Result |
| 2017 | Ensor Award | Best Debut | Le Passé devant nous | Won |
| 2017 | Ensor Award | Industry Award | Le Passé devant nous | Won |
| 2010 | Berlin Film Festival | Best European Short Film | Venus vs. Me | Won |
| 2007 | Film Fest Gent | Best Flemish Student Film | Juliette | Won |
| 2006 | Film Fest Gent | Best Flemish Student Film | Anémone | Won |
# Pata Negra

Pata Negra is a Spanish flamenco-blues band, established by brothers Raimundo Amador (singer and guitarist, b. 1959 in Seville) and Rafael Amador (guitarist and cantaor, b. 1960 in Seville) after the breakup of their previous band Veneno. Their style of derivative rhythms based on flamenco nuevo and blues, which they titled "blueslería", made an impact on other modern flamenco music bands. The Amador brothers as Pata Negra, recorded five records between 1978 and 1989.

## Discography
### Albums

* "Pata Negra" 1981
* "Rock Gitano I" 1982
* "Guitarras callejeras" 1985
* "Blues de la Frontera" 1986
* "Inspiración y locura" 1990
* "El directo" (Live) 1994
* "Como una vara verde" 1994

### Other compilations

* "Rock Gitano" (Nuevas mezclas)
* "Best of Pata Negra", 1998
* "Pata Negra" 2002
# Ellen Beck

Ellen Beck may refer to:
* Ellen Beck (poet) (1858–1924), Irish poet and writer
* Ellen Beck (soprano) (1873–1953), Danish mezzo-soprano
# As Yggdrasil Trembles

As Yggdrasil Trembles is the tenth studio album by the Swedish death metal band Unleashed. It was released on March 19, 2010 by Nuclear Blast Records.

## Track listing

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
| Metal Hammer (de) | (4/7) |
All lyrics are written by Johnny Hedlund; all music is composed by Fredrik Folkare, except "Wir Kapitulieren Niemals" by Johnny Hedlund

## Personnel

* Johnny Hedlund – vocals, bass
* Fredrik Folkare – lead guitar
* Tomas Måsgard – rhythm guitar
* Anders Schultz – drums
# Waldemar Krzystek

Waldemar Krzystek (born 23 November 1953) is a Polish film director and screenwriter. His film Ostatni prom was screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 1990 Cannes Film Festival.
His 2008 cold war romance Little Moscow (Mała Moskwa), won him a Golden Lion at the XXXIII annual Polish Film Festival. His 2011 film 80 Million was selected as the Polish entry for the Best Foreign Language Oscar at the 85th Academy Awards, but it did not make the final shortlist.

## Filmography

* Powinowactwo (1984)
* W zawieszeniu (1987)
* Ostatni prom (1989)
* Zwolnieni z zycia (1992)
* Polska smierc (1995)
* Nie ma zmiluj (2000)
* Mała Moskwa (2008)
* 80 Million (2011)
* Fotograf (2014)
# Waldo Don Carlos

Waldo Emerson Don Carlos (October 16, 1909 – June 18, 1997) was an American football center for the Green Bay Packers of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for Drake. He won an NFL championship with the Packers in 1931.

## Biography

Carlos was born on October 16, 1909, in Greenfield, Iowa.

## Career

Carlos played with the Green Bay Packers during the 1931 NFL season. As such, he was a member of the 1931 NFL Champion Packers. He had previously played at the collegiate level at Drake University.
Carlos was the fourth Latin American in the history of the NFL to play on a team.
# National Convention Party

National Convention Party may refer to:
* National Convention Party (Gambia), a political party in Gambia
* National Convention Party (Ghana), a political party in Ghana
* National Convention Party (Mozambique), a political party in Mozambique
* National Convention Party (Malaysia), see Parti Perhimpunan Kebangsaan, a political party in Malaysia
# Ascension 7: Rocketship to Heaven

Ascension 7: Rocketship to Heaven is a live album by Dighayzoose. It captures their performance at Cornerstone 1994 show as presented.

## Track listing

* "Intro / Dancing In Concert With The Infinite" – 5:07
* "Strugglefish" – 5:00
* "Slow Serious" – 4:35
* "Whoo Woo" – 0:14
* "Slatherage" – 7:53
* "Magentamantalovetree" – 14:17
* "Self" – 1:25
* "Beware Of Strangers Bearing Gifts" – 0:27
* "Later (L.A. 1994)" – 3:52
* "Circle Of Pain" – 4:37
* "Secret" – 4:30
* "Intro To Regret" – 1:34
* "Regret" – 5:38

## Credits

* Phil - vocals, toy megaphone
* Dave Anderson - Guitar, vocals
* Jim Florez - Drums, vocals
* Bil Brown - Bass vocals
* Zoop - guitars
Guests:
* Dan Michaels - sax, vocals on "woo"
* Allan Aguirre - vocals and gifts
Production:
* Recorded & Engineered: Buckeye the cat
* Mixed by Bill Crain, BRC Audio Productions, Kansas City, MO
* Edited & Mastered: Buddy Miller, Nashville, TN
* Art: Bil Brown
* Layout and design: Bil Brown and Brad Springer
"Self" and "Later" are by Scaterd Few.
# Wacław Kopisto

Major Wacław Kopisto a.k.a. Wacław Jaworski, nom de guerre Kra (8 February 1911 – 23 February 1993) was an officer of the Polish Army in interwar Poland, infantry captain, and an underground soldier of the elite Polish Cichociemni unit (the Silent Unseen) during the occupation of Poland in World War II.

## Military career

In 1934–35 Kopisto attended the Podchorąży military academy in Tarnopol. In 1939 he fought in the September Campaign defending Poland around the town of Podkarpacie. Following Poland's defeat by Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union, he escaped to Hungary, then to France, and finally Great Britain, where he became a Polish Armed Forces in the West parachutist. He was deployed back to Poland on the night of 2 September 1942 in the area of Grójec.
Kopisto took part in several spectacular military actions in Volhynia against the occupying German forces as well as the collaborationist units of the UPA. On 20 January 1943 he was involved in the rescue of Polish prisoners of war from Wachlarz of the Armia Krajowa who were being held and tortured at the Pińsk prison. The first platoon of Cichociemni rescuers drove undetected through the prison gate in an Opel car, while dressed in the SS uniforms and shouting at the guards in German. Once inside the compound, they shot the commandant who refused to cooperate. They opened the prison cells and released the inmates who were loaded onto a lorry they had requisitioned and they drove away ten minutes before the German reinforcements arrived. Two days later, on 22 January 1943 the SS executed 30 local civilian hostages in retaliation.
Kopisto served as commander of Kedyw in the Łuck Inspectorate, and organized Polish self-defence in Wołyń. He was captured by the Soviets in 1944 and sentenced to death, commuted to 10 years in Siberian lagers at Kolyma and Magadan. He returned to Poland in 1955, and settled in Rzeszów.
Wacław Kopisto died on 23 February 1993 and is buried in Rzeszów.

### Recognition

Kopisto was awarded the Cross of Virtuti Militari and twice the Cross of Valour (Krzyż Walecznych). He received a posthumous promotion to Major. His biography titled Major Wacław Kopisto – Cichociemny Oficer AK Sybirak, written by Krzysztof A. Tochman, was published in Poland by Libra in 2010.
Kopisto was also the subject of a 1989 film documentary Cichociemni, about the Polish parachuters of World War II, made by Marek Widarski for WWFD Czołówka.

### Forged Cichociemni claims by others

Martin Gray (born Mieczysław Grajewski), wrote in his 1971 autobiography For Those I Loved that he had participated in the raid on Pińsk prison. Doubt had been cast on a number of claims in the book, including whether he was a survivor of Treblinka, and when Kopisto was shown a wartime photograph of Gray in 1990, he said he had never met Gray during the war, nor had a man resembling the photograph of him ever belonged to their unit:
   For the first time in my life I saw Martin Gray in a 1945 photo, which was published in March 1990 in Przekrój magazine ... There were only sixteen of us participating in the 1943 Pińsk raid, and he was not among us.
# Participatory theatre

Participatory theatre is a form of theatre in which the audience interacts with the performers or the presenters. Participatory theatre is often used with very young audiences, allowing babies and toddlers to join in with the action.
Despite a long history and traditions of audience participation within genres such as music hall and pantomime, fully participatory theatre is still sometimes viewed as avant-garde. In a typical participatory production, performers may socialise with audience members before the show while seating them, then surprise these spectators by inviting them to the stage. Audience members may be given dialogue to read (as written text, or via an earpiece in some cases). They may be invited to participate in an activity or game. Classroom and lecture exercises often include participatory elements, though are not usually considered theatre.
Companies producing participatory work include National Theatre Wales, Spare Tyre Theatre Company and The Republic of The Imagination (TROTI), Wales.
# Participação Especial

Participação Especial is a compilation of duets by Cássia Eller with well-known artists of MPB and Brazilian pop. It was released after her death, in 2002.

## Track listing

* "Juventude Transviada" - with Luis Melodia.
* "Milagreiro" - with Djavan.
* "Relicario" - with Nando Reis.
* "Mr. Scarecrow" - with Herbert Vianna.
* "Um Tiro No Coração" - with Sandra de Sá.
* "Malandragem" - with Barão Vermelho.
* "De esquina" - with XIS and Nação Zumbi.
* "A Rainha da Noite"/ "(I Can't Get No) Satisfaction" - with Edson Cordeiro.
* "Luz Del Fuego" - with Rita Lee.
* "Faça o Que Quiser Fazer" - Fábio Allman.
* "Erva Daninha" - Guilherme de Brito.
* "Você Passa, Eu Acho Graça" - with Noite Ilustrada.
* "Não Deixe O Samba Morrer" - with Alcione.
* "Quando A Maré Encher" - with Nação Zumbi.
# Participatory sensing

Participatory sensing is the concept of communities (or other groups of people) contributing sensory information to form a body of knowledge.

## Description

A growth in mobile devices, for example smartphones, tablet computers or activity trackers, which have multiple sensors, has made participatory sensing viable in the large-scale. Participatory sensing can be used to retrieve information about the environment, weather, noise pollution, urban mobility, congestion as well as any other sensory information that collectively forms knowledge.
Such open communication systems could pose challenges to the veracity of transmitted information. Individual sensors may require a trusted platform or hierarchical trust structures.
Additional challenges include, but are not limited to, effective incentives for participation, security, reputation and privacy.
# National Patient Safety Agency

The National Patient Safety Agency (NPSA) was a special health authority of the National Health Service (NHS) in England. It was established in 2001 to monitor patient safety incidents, including medication and prescribing error reporting, in the NHS.
Since 1 April 2005 it had also overseen safety aspects of hospital design and cleanliness, as well as food (transferred from NHS Estates). This extended its remit to include safety in medical research, through the Central Office for Research Ethics Committees (COREC). Between 2005 and April 2012 it hosted the National Clinical Assessment Service that aims to help in resolving concerns about the performance of individual doctors and dentists. Finally, it also managed the contracts with the three confidential enquiries: National Confidential Enquiry into Patient Outcome and Death; Confidential Enquiry into Maternal Deaths in the UK; National Confidential Inquiry into Suicide and Homicide by People with Mental Illness. This responsibility was transferred from the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence.
As well as making sure that incidents are reported in the first place, the NPSA aimed "to promote an open and fair culture in hospitals and across the health service, encouraging doctors and other staff to report incidents and 'near misses'." In various publications it encouraged the creation of a "no-blame culture" to encourage staff to report incidents without fear of personal reprimand and know that by sharing their experiences others will be able to learn lessons and improve patient safety. Where a trend emerges relating to incidents then it issued reports, recommendations and guidance to avoid repetition.
The NPSA developed a National Reporting and Learning System (NRLS) to collect and analyse information from staff and patients, as well as incorporating information from other sources. From 2005 it was possible for staff to submit information through web-based forms, although the roll out of the system took two years longer than originally envisaged.
The last chief executive of the NPSA was Martin Fletcher. The chair was Philip Hunt, Baron Hunt of Kings Heath.
On 1 June 2012, the key functions of the NPSA were transferred to the NHS Commissioning Board Special Health Authority., later known as NHS England. In April 2016, the patient safety function was transferred from NHS England to the newly established NHS Improvement.
From 1 April 2019, NHS England and NHS Improvement are working together as a new single organisation to better support the NHS to deliver improved care for patients.