OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# National Biosurveillance Strategy

The United States National Biosurveillance Strategy is the plan to implement a biosurveillance system that will monitor and interpret data that might relate to disease activity and threats to human or animal health – whether infectious, toxic, metabolic, and regardless of intentional or natural origin – in order to achieve early warning of health threats, early detection of health events and overall situational awareness of disease activity.

## Types of data collection

It is debated whether is it better to engage in a “more data, faster is better” approach or whether it would be more effective to pursue fewer but more meaningful data streams. Some of the things that will be monitored are counts of clinical diagnoses, sales of over-the-counter remedies, and school absentees among select age groups.

## Proposed plan

The Department of Homeland Security laid out the plan for the national biosurveillance system. They stated that an effect surveillance system relies on five key principles that are generally applied to public health and medical preparedness. The first is being prepared for all potential catastrophic health events; the second is having vertical and horizontal coordination among all levels of government; the third is having a regional approach to health preparedness; the fourth is the engagement of the private sector, academia, and other nongovernmental entities; the fifth is the important roles of individuals, families, and communities. The biosurveillance program must be nationwide, robust, and integrated with international disease systems in order to provide early warning and ongoing characterization of disease outbreaks in real-time. The system must be sufficiently able to identify a specific disease and its prevalence in varying populations and environments and must be able to tailor the analysis to new diseases. The system should create a networked system to allow for two-way information flow between and among Federal, State, and local government public health authorities and clinical health care providers. The system shall build upon existing Federal, State, and local surveillance systems where they exists and should enable and provide incentive for public health agencies to implement surveillance systems where they do not exist.
# Asafo Interchange

The Asafo Interchange is a dual carriage road system interchange in Kumasi the capital of Ashanti.

## History

The construction of the interchange was necessitated by the huge traffic jams that surrounded the Asafo market area in Kumasi. The streets around the market led to the Kejetia market, West Africa's largest open market. The Kufuor administration in 2005 awarded the contract for the construction of the interchange to ease the traffic situation. The interchange cost was over $45 million and was commissioned on 9 November 2007. It was built by two Italian construction firms which worked together by the name Sarroch Gelfi JV. under one Project Manager by the name David Steinberger together with one Concrete Construction Manager who managed the entire site by the name Mohamed Ghoneim. During the construction, it was re-designed to suit the muddy organic materials which were found during the excavations for building the interchange concrete basements. As commended by the project manager, the construction of this important project in Kumasi was completed thanks to the hard work done by the local Kumasi staff employed by the contractors and from the other side by the professional supervising team from the local ministry of roads the DUR (The Department of Urban Roads) Kumasi.

## Garden city

The construction of the interchange was part of several developmental projects that the then government initiated to improve the landscape of Kumasi so as to restore the city to its former status as Ashanti's Garden City. The interchange was the first to be built in the Ashanti region.

## Financial support

Money for the construction of the interchange came from the Government of Ghana as well as the World Bank, the Agence Française de Développement (AFD) and the Global Environmental Fund.

## Naming controversy

Prior to the commissioning of the interchange, Nana Ampofo Kyei Baffour, chief of Asem, complained about the name for the interchange. Asem is the town in which the interchange is located. The chief wanted the interchange named after the town - Asem. He was of the view that major landmarks in his town such as the Asafo market, had all been named with no mention to his town. Though his submissions to town authorities on the matter were rejected, Baffour vowed to continue until the interchange was renamed.
# Emanuel de Guzman

Emanuel "Dekong" Castro De Guzman is a former President of the Polytechnic University of the Philippines. De Guzman was appointed by the Commission on Higher Education in accordance with the provisions of the Republic Act 8292, otherwise known as the Higher Education Modernization Act of 1997. and by virtue of Resolution No. 872, Series of 2012 passed on March 14, 2012, by the PUP Board of Regents. De Guzman is the second youngest President next to Dr. Nemesio Prudente.

## Biography
### Early years and education

Born to Rosalina and Jacinto De Guzman, De Guzman graduated in High School as Class Valedictorian in Quezon, Nueva Ecija, he then took up Bachelor of Science in Sociology at Polytechnic University of the Philippines in 1993 and earned his Master of Arts in Sociology at Ateneo de Manila University in 2001. He earned his Ph.D. in Sociology at the School of Social Sciences, The University of Manchester in 2008.

### Academe

Before being elected as Polytechnic University of the Philippines' President, De Guzman was the Director of the Center for Human Development and the Chairperson of the Department of Sociology and Anthropology. De Guzman served two consecutive terms as the President of the Polytechnic University of the Philippines from 2012 to 2020. He was succeeded by Dr. Manuel Muhi on 17 March 2020.
As a Ford Foundation International Fellow, De Guzman underwent a comprehensive Leadership Course at the Ford Foundation International Institute for Leadership and Social Justice, University of Birmingham. He also took up the special training course on Sociological imagination at Coventry University in England.
# Partizansky

Partizansky (masculine), Partizanskaya (feminine), or Partizanskoye (neuter) may refer to:
* Partizansky District, several districts in the countries of the former Soviet Union
* Partizansky Urban Okrug, a municipal formation which Partizansk Town Under Krai Jurisdiction in Primorsky Krai, Russia is incorporated as
* Partizansky (rural locality) (Partizanskaya, Partizanskoye), several rural localities in Russia
* Partizanskaya (Moscow Metro), a metro station of the Moscow Metro, Moscow, Russia
* Partizanskaya (river), a river in Primorsky Krai, Russia
# Asbjørn Øye

Asbjørn Øye (21 May 1902 – 15 November 1998) was a Norwegian politician for the Liberal Party.
He served as a deputy representative to the Norwegian Parliament from Møre og Romsdal during the term 1945–1949.
# Walerian Łukasiński

Walerian Łukasiński (15 April 1786 in Warsaw – 27 January 1868 in Shlisselburg) was a Polish officer and political activist. He was sentenced by Russian Imperial authorities to 14 years' imprisonment. He died after 46 years of solitary incarceration. He became a symbol of the Polish struggle for independence.

## Biography

Born in Warsaw on 15 April 1786, as a child he lived through the last of the partitions of Poland that destroyed the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. He joined the Polish military, serving in the army of Duchy of Warsaw from 1807 to 1815 and later in that of Congress Poland. In Congress Poland, a puppet state of the Russian Empire, ruled by the Grand Duke Constantine Pavlovich of Russia, the Polish army's morale was low. Łukasiński, who reached the rank of a major in the 4th Regiment of Line Infantry, created a secret organization known as National Freemasonry (Wolnomularstwo Narodowe), which existed from 1819 to 1820 and successfully raised morale. In 1818 Łukasiński published "Reflections of an Army Officer Concerning the Need of Organizing the Jews". In 1820 he formally disbanded National Freemasonry and replaced it by another secret organization, Patriotic Society (Towarzystwo Patriotyczne). Its goal was to influence public opinion and improve the lot of peasants and Jews.
He was arrested by the Russian authorities and sentenced to 7 years of hard labour in Zamość. For participation in the prisoners revolt against inhumane conditions, he was accused of being one of the ringleaders and his sentence was doubled to 14 years.
After the November Uprising, Tsar Nicholas I of Russia became convinced that Łukasiński was one of the main activists of the Polish underground and he was moved to a secure facility in Warsaw. During the November Uprising (1830–1831) he was taken with the Russian troops retreating from Warsaw and put in a Russian prison, the Shlisselburg Fortress. Most of the commanders of the Shlisselburg prison were kept unaware of the identity of the prisoner. One of the few people who, at that time, managed to communicate with Łukasiński, was Russian revolutionary Mikhail Bakunin, who was also imprisoned in Shlisselburg for several years. A few years before his death, after the death of Tsar Nicholas, a commander of the prison successfully petitioned Tsar Alexander II of Russia about improving his condition; Łukasiński was moved to a more comfortable cell above ground, where he was given new clothing and furniture and allowed to inquire about events outside and keep a diary.

## Influence

Known as the "iron major," he became one of the martyrs of Polish culture and Poland's struggle for independence in the 19th and 20th centuries. Among the works of literature inspired by him, the most famous is Stanisław Wyspiański's Noc Listopadowa ("November Night").
In 2018 Roman Turovsky-Savchuk composed a tombeau in honor of Łukasiński.
# Walery (name)

Walery is a Polish given name.

## People with the name

* Walery Rzewuski (1837-1888), Polish portrait photographer and alderman of Kraków
* Walery Mroczkowski (1840-1889), insurgent, anarcho-activist and photographer aka "Valerien Ostroga"
* Walery Cyryl Amrogowicz (1863–1931), Polish numismatist and philanthropist
* Walery Eljasz-Radzikowski (1841–1905), Polish painter and photographer
* Walery Jaworski (1849–1924), Polish pioneer of gastroenterology
* Walery Roman (1877–1952), Polish lawyer and politician
* Walery Sławek (1879–1939), Polish politician and activist
* Stanisław Julian Ostroróg (1830–1890), an expatriate Polish photographer who used "Walery" as a business name
* Stanisław Julian Ignacy Ostroróg (1863–1929), Ostoróg's son, also known as "Walery", himself a photographer, who used his father's professional name and other pseudonyms based on "Walery"
# National Defense Act of 1935

The National Defense Act of 1935 (Commonwealth Act No. 1) was passed by the Philippine National Assembly on December 21, 1935. The purpose of this act was to create an independent Philippine military, a move interrupted by the outbreak of the Second World War.

## Provisions

This act provided for the creation, by 1946, via an annual appropriation of 16,000,000 pesos, of the following forces:
* A regular army force of 10,000 troops (formed largely from the Philippine Scouts and the Philippine Constabulary)
* A reserve army of 400,000
* The Offshore Patrol, which was to possess 36 torpedo boats
* A Philippine Army Air Corps of 100 tactical bombers

## Office of the Military Advisor

The National Assembly was guided by the Office of the Military Advisor to the Commonwealth Government under the U.S. General Douglas MacArthur.

## Military Districts

The act divided the Commonwealth of the Philippines into ten military districts, similar to the prewar corps areas within the US. Each district had a roughly equal population and each was to initially provide 1 reserve division, and ultimately three.
* Luzon, Mindoro, Palawan, and Masbate contained 5 military districts
* Mindanao and the Sulu Archipelago constituted 1 district
* The Visayas contained 4 districts

## Reserve Training

The Act provided for the drafting of Filipino men, between the ages of 21 and 50, into the 30 reserve divisions. This force was to be raised through 2 training camps, of 20,000 men each, lasting 22 weeks. The camps would be staffed by members of the regular army.
The first group of 20,000 troops was drafted on January 1, 1937, and there were 4,800 officers and 104,000 enlisted men in the reserves by 1939.

## Officer Training

For the training of junior officers, the Act provided that a military academy be established with a Cadet Corps strength not to exceed 350 at any one time. As graduates could not be expected until they had completed 4 years of training, selected reservists were selected for training as noncommissioned officers. The best of these were then given basic office training and commissioned as 3rd Lieutenants. Officers were also created through senior-level ROTC courses in colleges and universities.

## Training Locations

* Infantry training—various locations
* Field Artillery training—Fort Dau and specialized training conducted at Fort William McKinley
* Coastal Artillery training -- Fort Mills, Fort Stotsenburg (antiaircraft), and Fort Wint
* Signal and medical training -- Fort William McKinley
* Quartermaster motor transport school — Port area of Manila
* Government organizational training—various locations
# Emma Woodcock

Emma Woodcock (born 9 November 1976) is a Welsh international lawn and indoor bowler.

## Profile

In 2016, she won a silver medal with Kathy Pearce and Anwen Butten in the triples at the 2016 World Outdoor Bowls Championship in Christchurch.
She was selected as part of the Welsh team for the 2018 Commonwealth Games on the Gold Coast in Queensland

## Achievements

* Silver medal - 2016 World Outdoor Bowls Championship - Women's Triples
* 2009 Welsh Rinks
* 2010, 2011, 2012 Welsh Double Rink
* 2014 Welsh Singles
* 2015 Welsh Mixed Pairs
* 2016 Welsh Champion of Champions
# Pascoea parcemaculata

Pascoea parcemaculata is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Stephan von Breuning in 1948.
# Brandis Castle (Lützelflüh)

Brandis Castle is the ruin of a hill fort from the 13th century. It stands in the Swiss municipality of Lützelflüh in the Canton of Bern above the village Lützelflüh on a rocky outcrop. Today, only the ruins and the moat are still visible.

## History

Brandis castle was built in 1230 as the headquarters of the Freiherr of Brandis. The first known member of the family was Konrad (1239–57). His grandson, Thüring (1280-1324), was involved in the murder of King Albert I by the king's nephew John Parricida in 1308. For this involvement, in 1313 Thüring lost the family estates in Spiez in the Berner Oberland. However, he was supported by Bern and the Counts of Kyburg and retained the Lützelflüh lands.
The castle from the 13th century was from where there was control of their possessions in the upper and middle Emmental. In 1337 the Freiherr of Brandis received Bernese citizenship. By the 15th century, the family owned lands in what is now eastern Switzerland and Vorarlberg. In 1437 Wolfhart V von Brandis inherited Marschlins Castle and the Maienfeld Herrschaft in Graubünden through his wife Verena von Werdenberg-Bludenz. He began selling off the western Brandis lands. In 1455 the family sold the lordship of Brandis in Bern to the Lords of Scharnachthal. Then there were several changes of ownership until the castle, in 1607, came into the possession of the city Bern and a Bernese bailiff was appointed and took up residence in the castle.
During the 1798 French invasion, the castle was burned and almost totally destroyed. It was abandoned and continued to fall into ruin.
# Canton of Arras-3

The canton of Arras-3 is an administrative division of the Pas-de-Calais department, in northern France. It was created at the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. Its seat is in Arras.
It consists of the following communes:
* Achicourt
* Agny
* Arras (partly)
* Beaurains
* Boiry-Becquerelle
* Boisleux-au-Mont
* Boisleux-Saint-Marc
* Boyelles
* Guémappe
* Héninel
* Hénin-sur-Cojeul
* Mercatel
* Neuville-Vitasse
* Saint-Martin-sur-Cojeul
* Tilloy-lès-Mofflaines
* Wancourt
# Uke

Uke or UKE may refer to:

## People

* Billy "Uke" Carpenter, American musician
* Billy "Uke" Scott (1923–2004), British musician
* Uke Clanton (1898–1960), American baseball player
* Ukë Rugova, Kosovar politician
* Sıtkı Üke (1876–1941), Turkish general and politician

## Places

* Uke Island, Japan
* Uke, Nigeria

## Ukrainians

* UKE: The Untold Story of Hockey Legends, 2020 Ukrainian film about Ukrainian National Hockey League players
* Uke, a.k.a. Ukrainian, a person identified with nationality of Ukraine

## Other uses

* Uke (martial arts), role in training
** Uke, a submissive role in a relationship between males in yaoi or shōnen-ai media, derived from the martial arts term
* Ukulele, a musical instrument
** Mighty Uke, a 2010 documentary film about the ukulele
* Üké, Uke, or Ükä Tibetan, a term for the most widely understood dialect of Tibetan languages
* Uke Mochi, a goddess of food in the Shinto religion of Japan
* University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf or UKE, a hospital in Germany
# Cousinia

The genus Cousinia of the tribe Cardueae is in its current circumscription one of the larger genera in the Asteraceae, with approximately 650-700 described species distributed in central and western Asia.
Many of the species in this genus were once classified in genus Arctium (the burdocks).
# Nepalis in the Netherlands

Nepalis in the Netherlands (Dutch: Nepalezen in Nederland) are immigrants, expatriates and international students from Nepal in the Netherlands, as well as Dutch people of Nepalese origin. As of 2010, statistics of the Dutch Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek shows that there are about 1,505 people of Nepalese origin living in the country.

## Lhotshampa refugees

The Netherlands are home to a number of Lhotshampa (Bhutanese Nepalis) refugees who were deported from Bhutan. Every year the Netherlands has been resettling around 100 Lhotshampa refugees since 2009. As of November 2011, around 350 refugees got resettled in The Netherlands.

## Education

Nepalese students have been studying in the Netherlands since the early 1970s. Every year about a hundred students attend an international program in the Netherlands. So far, about 2,000 Nepalese students have graduated from different institutions all over the Netherlands in areas like Engineering, Law, Social Sciences and Management. Many Nepalese students are supported by the Netherlands Fellowship Program (NFP). The Consulate of the Netherlands is the body responsible for helping prospective Nepalese students in contacting an institution that meets their needs.

## Organizations

Until the late 1990s, there was no Nepali-run organizations so almost all Nepal-related programs were organized by the Dutch people. The Nepal Samaj Nederlands was founded in 1999 as a cultural entity, it started to promote various Nepalese festivities among Nepalese and Dutch people who are interested in friendship with Nepalese people, culture, language and food. NSN publishes a news bulletin called Chautrai twice a year in both Nepali and Dutch.
Other organizations include the NRN-NCC Netherlands and the Worldwide Nepalese Students' Organization – Netherlands.
# Apple Penne

Apple Penne (transl. Apple girl) is a 2013 Indian Tamil-language romantic drama film directed by R. K. Kalaimani. The film stars Vatsan and Aishwarya Menon, while Roja plays a pivotal role.

## Cast

* Vatsan as James
* Aishwarya Menon as Komalavalli
* Roja as Hamsavalli
* Thambi Ramaiah as Constable Arumugam
* Suresh
* Deva
* Suchitra
* KG Pandian

## Production

Vatsan was roped in to play the lead role in the film for the first time in his career after producer K. G. Pandian noticed him for his roles in his previous films. The film is a woman-centric film and Roja was roped in to play a pivotal role.

## Soundtrack

The film features seven songs composed by Mani Sharma. Kalaipuli Thanu released the audio in September 2013. The soundtrack was released under the label Saregama.
| No. | Song | Singers | Lyrics |
| 1 | "Amma Unnai" | Poornima | Yugabharathi |
| 2 | "Aatha Appan" | Shaji | Yugabharathi |
| 3 | "Padu Padu" | Padmalatha | Viveka |
| 4 | "Thoongatha Boologam" | Harini | Yugabharathi |
| 5 | "Oru Podhum" | Pavan, Gayathri | Yugabharathi |
| 6 | "Velli Sevai" | Velmurugan | Yugabharathi |
| 7 | "Ennai Thandi" | Uma Ramanan | Yugabharathi |

## Release

The Times of India gave the film one-and-a-half stars and wrote that "There is a dated feel to almost everything in Apple Penne, right from the plot to the filmmaking".
# McGaw (disambiguation)

McGaw is a surname.
McGaw may also refer to:
* McGaw, Ohio, a community in the United States
* McGaw, Ontario, a ghost town in Ontario, Canada
* McGaw Peak, in West Antarctica
* McGaw Medical Center, an American hospital network
# Morison Zuill

Andrew Morison Zuill (22 April 1937 – 25 April 2023) was a Scottish first-class cricketer and accountant.
Zuill was born at Falkirk in April 1937. He was educated at Merchiston Castle School, before matriculating to the University of Edinburgh where he studied to become an accountant. A club cricketer for Stenhousemuir Cricket Club, Zuill made his debut in first-class cricket for Scotland against Warwickshire at Edgbaston in 1962. He was a regular feature in the Scottish team of the 1960s, making seven first-class appearances; however, he played in just two first-class matches for Scotland in the 1970s, against Ireland at Dublin in 1975, and the touring Sri Lankans in 1979. Morison scored 231 runs in his nine first-class matches, at an average of 15.40. He made one score over fifty, with 62 against Ireland in 1968. By profession, Zuill was an accountant. He later became a national selector for Scotland. His club cricket with Stenhousemuir spanned over thirty years, which included being the club captain from 1957 to 1989, when he passed the captaincy to his son, Douglas. In his club career, he scored 27,588 runs and made nine centuries.