OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Champion Township, Ohio

Champion Township is one of the twenty-four townships of Trumbull County, Ohio, United States. The 2020 census found 9,381 people in the township.

## Geography

Located in the western part of the county, it borders the following townships:
* Bristol Township - north
* Mecca Township - northeast corner
* Bazetta Township - east
* Howland Township - southeast corner
* Warren Township - south
* Braceville Township - southwest corner
* Southington Township - west
* Farmington Township - northwest corner
No municipalities are located in Champion Township, although the census-designated place of Champion Heights is located in the township's south.

## History

The land that became Champion Township was originally part of the Connecticut Western Reserve, then was purchased by the Connecticut Land Company. The land that became the township was divided among nine or ten shareholders, one of whom, General Henry Champion, originally owned much of the property and had acquired all of the township land by December 1798. Trumbull County was established in 1800 and the township was named "Champion Township" for the man who owned it.
Henry Champion sold few of the parcels of the land that he owned, hoping to wait for the price to rise from $2.50 an acre to $10.00 an acre. The first permanent settler was William Rutan, who arrived from Pennsylvania in 1806. Over the next two decades, only six more families moved to the township. Henry Champion died in 1825, with the western half of the township going to his son, Aristarchus Champion and the eastern half to his son-in-law, Henry C. Trumbull. In 1826, both hired a surveyor to sell the land at market price. Champion Township was organized in December 1831.
It is the only Champion Township statewide.

## Government

The township is governed by a three-member board of trustees, who are elected in November of odd-numbered years to a four-year term beginning on the following January 1. Two are elected in the year after the presidential election and one is elected in the year before it. There is also an elected township fiscal officer, who serves a four-year term beginning on April 1 of the year after the election, which is held in November of the year before the presidential election. Vacancies in the fiscal officership or on the board of trustees are filled by the remaining trustees.
# Graham Higgins

Graham Higgins (born 1953) is a British writer and artist, designer and lecturer.

## Biography

Higgins' association with comics began with independent publishers Birmingham's Ar-Zak Press and Knockabout Comics. He has drawn cartoons and covers for Punch including the Chandleresque comic-strip "Luke Carew, Lone Wolf Detective - The Hogfather", Radio Times, Q magazine and others, and has also drawn for DC Comics, Marvel Comics and 2000 AD He is an associate artist with Comic Company, illustrating educational publications featuring health and social advice for children and young people.
Higgins is also associated with the UK fantasy fiction scene, as an occasional member of the Midnight Rose Collective and artist on the graphic novel adaptations of two Discworld novels, Mort and Guards! Guards!'.
# Wahluke Slope

Wahluke Slope is a geographic feature in Grant, Benton and Adams Counties of Eastern Washington. It is a broad, south-facing slope with a grade of about 8%, situated between the Saddle Mountains and the Columbia River's Hanford Reach. It has been described as "basically a 13-mile-wide gravel bar" created by the Glacial Lake Missoula floods at the end of the last ice age about 15,000 years ago. Much of the Slope, part of the Hanford Nuclear Reservation, was added to the Saddle Mountain National Wildlife Refuge in 1999. Much of the remainder is used for viniculture.

## Human use

Washington State Route 24 extends from Mattawa, Washington on the western edge of the Slope nearly due east–west. Mattawa is the only population center on the Slope. There was once a town of Wahluke and a Wahluke ferry that crossed the Columbia to the north of White Bluffs. The land was acquired by the U.S. government for the Hanford Nuclear Reservation and the residents, including Wanapum people, ordered to leave in 1943. In two actions in 1953 and 1958 the Atomic Energy Commission returned almost 200,000 acres (810 km$^2$) to public use, mostly for agriculture with irrigation recently provided by Columbia Basin Project sources. Settlement on the Slope by non-Native Americans has been termed as troubled, initially due to lack of water, then later by the Federal Government's land policies, resulting in "sporadic" growth of the town of Mattawa.

### Nuclear concerns

The potential for release of nuclear contaminants into the Slope in the event of a nuclear accident, and the historical atmospheric releases in the ranges of many Curies per month, are of concern to modern authors on Hanford.

### Viniculture

Viniculture is a major agricultural activity on the Slope, with nearly 10,000 acres (40 km$^2$) of vineyards.
# Brown's Arm

Brown's Arm is a local service district and designated place in the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador
Brown's Arm (Community) is located in Newfoundland and Labrador (NL) in Canada. The satellite coordinates of Brown's Arm are: latitude 49°15'0"N and longitude 55°10'0"W
It is 11 km from Lewisporte

## Geography

Brown's Arm is in Newfoundland within Subdivision F of Division No. 8.

## Demographics

As a designated place in the 2016 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Brown's Arm recorded a population of 395 living in 148 of its 174 total private dwellings, a change of 29.9% from its 2011 population of 304. With a land area of 18.12 km$^2$ (7.00 sq mi), it had a population density of 21.8/km$^2$ (56.5/sq mi) in 2016.

## Government

Brown's Arm is a local service district (LSD) that is governed by a committee responsible for the provision of certain services to the community.
# David Smith (footballer, born 1970)

David Smith (born 26 December 1970) is a former professional footballer. He was a midfielder who played for Norwich City F.C. (where he began his career), Oxford United F.C., Stockport County F.C., Macclesfield Town F.C. and Drogheda United.
He came through the youth team and reserves at Norwich and played 18 times for the first team. His league debut was in April 1990 against Derby County. He played 198 times for Oxford (2 goals), and 60 games for Stockport.
# Pandanus columnaris

Pandanus columnaris is a dioecious tree in the family Pandanaceae, endemic to Madagascar. The specific epithet, "columnaris", refers to the columnar shape of the crown of the tree.

## Description

Pandanus columnaris is a columnar tree, up to 20 m (66 ft) tall, with light brown bark and a spiny trunk up to 25 cm (9.8 in) in diameter. The crown of the tree is cylindric, with spirals of large leaves at the top and with short secondary branchlets below. The terminal leaves may be more than 2 m (6 ft 7 in) long and 24 cm (9.4 in) wide near the base. The lateral branchlets are 2–2.5 cm (0.79–0.98 in) in diameter and spiny, with leaves that are shorter and narrower – up to 1.2 m (3 ft 11 in) long and 22 mm (0.87 in) wide – than the terminal leaves. Unlike many species of pandanus, P. columnaris has few to no prop roots.

### Flowers and fruit

On male trees, the flowers are made up of yellow spikes and form on the lateral branchlets. Styles and stigmas of female flowers are both 7 mm (0.28 in) long. Fruits (drupes) are 20–22 mm (0.79–0.87 in) long, 10–15 mm (0.39–0.59 in) wide and broadly egg-shaped.

## Distribution and habitat

The trees are infrequent in coastal forests. The species was first described in 1961, found along the east coast of Madagascar, in the Antalaha area.

## Taxonomy

Pandanus columnaris is a member of the section Acanthostyla. Its closest relative is P. mangokensis Martelli.
# Pam's Delight

Pam's Delight is an English cultivar of domesticated apple.

## Description

It is a self-sterile dessert apple, medium-sized with a red flush. Sweet in flavour with a crisp and juicy flesh. Harvests mid-October and available in England from October to November.

## History

Alfred Hull, a retired clerk, planted some apple pips in pots which he placed on his bathroom windowsill in 1956. He planted the most vigorous in his garden, in Luton, Bedfordshire. His daughter, Pam, teased her father by telling him that he should dig the tree up as it did not look as if it was capable of producing fruit. Pam developed Hodgkin's Disease, and Alfred told her that if his tree, which had become a family joke, ever bore fruit she would be the recipient of the first apple. In 1963, seven years after he planted the pip, the tree produced its first blossom, and from that, a single apple. He proudly presented it to Pam that October. Her illness became more severe, and she died, at the age of 28 the following April, just as the tree blossomed fully for the first time. That year the tree produced twenty two pounds of apples.

## Production

In 1968, Brogdale Farm accepted Pam's Delight for full commercial trials. Later that year it was included in the National Register.

## Collections

This uncommon apple can be seen at Bide-a-While landscaped garden at Boggs Mead in the Lea Valley.
# Palais Kinsky

Palais Kinsky is a Baroque palace in central Vienna, Austria. It was originally built for Count Wirich Philipp von Daun, the garrison commander whose son Leopold became a Field Marshal of Empress Maria Theresa. The palace was later bought by the Kinsky family of Bohemia, and it is sometimes called the Palais Daun-Kinsky.

## History

The palace was commissioned by Count Wirich Philipp von Daun, and construction started in 1713 under the direction of architect Johann Lucas von Hildebrandt. Prince Józef Poniatowski, a Polish general and Marshal of France, was born in the palace on 7 May 1763.
The palace has a yellow and white façade, and a richly decorated staircase with frescoed ceilings, mirrors and statues. In 1784, it was sold to the noble Kinsky family. Matilde Kinsky inherited the Palace and married an Argentine: Mr. Martinez de Hoz. The Palais became the Argentine embassy for a decade in the 1960s.
Palais Kinsky underwent renovation in the late 1990s and was restored to its earlier design. The rooms have Baroque frescoed ceilings and expensive parquet floors. The palace is used for auction events (Auktionshaus im Kinsky) and receptions, and it houses shops and a restaurant named Freyung 4. It was also used for the final-status negotiations between Serbian and Kosovo Albanians in EU-sponsored negotiations.

## Gallery

* Palais Kinsky façade
* Front entrance
* Coat of arms
* Baroque interior
* Frescoed ceiling above the grand staircase

## Sources

* Wilhelm G. Rizzi, Hellmut Lorenz, Wolfgang Prohaska, Amisola AG (ed.). Palais Daun-Kinsky - Wien, Freyung. Johann Lehner GmbH Verlagsbüro, Vienna. 2001. ISBN 3-901749-22-5
# Palais Königswarter

Palais Königswarter is a Ringstraßenpalais in Vienna, Austria. It was built for the aristocratic Königswarter family.
# Genevieve Cruz Miller

Genevieve Cruz Miller is the Meteorologist-in-Charge of the Weather Forecast Office of Guam.

## Life

Miller was born and raised in Guam. Her father, Joaquin (Jack) T. Cruz, was a meteorological technician. Miller attended the University of Hawaii at Manoa, graduating in 1987 with a Bachelor of Science degree in meteorology.
In 1988, Miller joined the Weather Service Office in Hilo, Hawaii and two years later became the Developmental Meteorologist at the Weather Service Forecast Office in Honolulu. In 1992 she returned to Guam and worked with Weather Service Office (Aviation) and the Naval Pacific Meteorology and Oceanography Command Detachment (NPMOCD) to provide public, marine and aviation forecasts for Guam and Micronesia. In 2002 she was appointed Meteorologist-in-Charge of the Weather Forecast Office.
# Dolichoderus kathae

Dolichoderus kathae is a species of ant in the genus Dolichoderus. Described by Shattuck and Marsden in 2013, the species is endemic to semi-arid regions in South Australia.
# Dolichoderus kinabaluensis

Dolichoderus kinabaluensis is a species of ant in the genus Dolichoderus. Described by Dill in 2002, the species is endemic to Borneo.
# Dolichoderus kutscheri

Dolichoderus kutscheri is an extinct species of ant in the genus Dolichoderus. Described by Dlussky in 2008, the fossils of the species were found in the Bitterfeld amber, and is most likely to be from the Late Oligocene.
# Chavapadu

Chavapadu is a village near Amaravati in Guntur district of Andhra Pradesh. This village has historical significance with Vasireddy clan. Famous Telugu film actor M. Balaiah was born in this village.
# Brad Calip

Brad Calip (born December 12, 1962) is a former American football player. He played professionally as defensive back and wide receiver with the Denver Gold of the United States Football League (USFL) and the Pittsburgh Gladiators / Tampa Bay Storm and Cincinnati Rockers of the Arena Football League (AFL). Calip played college football as a quarterback at East Central University in Ada, Oklahoma. He was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame in 2003.
# Bozavand

Bozavand (also, Bozavend) is a village and municipality in the Agsu Rayon of Azerbaijan. It has a population of 1,068.
# Genital regeneration

Genital regeneration encompasses various forms of treatment for genital anomalies. The goal of these treatments is to restore form and function to male and female genitalia by taking advantage of innate responses in the body. In order to do this, doctors have experimented with stem cells and extracellular matrix to provide a framework for regenerating missing structures. More research is needed to successfully move the science from laboratory trials to routine procedures.
Patients who can benefit most from this field are those who have congenital defects, cancer, injuries that have excised parts of their genitalia (most notably soldiers in war), and men looking to reverse circumcision and women wishing to reverse forms of female genital mutilation. As is the case in most scientific pursuits, these accomplishments might be applied to other forms of regeneration and vice versa as scientists continue to study tissue engineering.

## Autologous cell therapies

In the last decade, there have been notable accomplishments in utilizing extracellular matrices (ECM) and stem cells to reconstruct lost tissue. These cover a range of structures including the genitals. Professor Atala and his group at Wake Forest University's Institute of Regenerative Medicine have successfully regenerated fully functioning rabbit penises that were excised for the sake of the experiment. Autologous cells were attached to a three-dimensional collagen matrix. Once formed, the structure was attached and tested for functionality.
An Italian doctor named Dr. Cinzia Marchese has successfully reconstructed the inner mucosal lining of congenitally deformed vaginas by using an enzyme to break down the abnormal lining, then inserting stem cells to remodel the walls and restore normal functionality.
There are currently no therapies available for men attempting to clinically regenerate structures of the human penis. Also, for women there are no therapies that use autologous cells to regenerate the clitoris, sometimes removed in cases of female genital mutilation.

## Other therapies

The following therapies do not rely on autologous cells:
A vibration technique developed by Ellen L. Barnard and Myrtile Wilhite claims to promote regeneration in the vaginal cell lining. A topical cream developed by Lyle Corporate Development, Inc., claims to encourage regeneration of tissues in the vulva that have undergone cellular hypoxia.
There are manual reconstruction techniques such as those developed by French surgeon Pierre Foldès. His procedure provides women with a clitoris, but is not considered a regenerative medicine.

## Organizations

Some organizations which perform research into, or conduct regeneration procedures, include the Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, the United States Department of Defense, and the California Institute for Regenerative Medicine.
# Genital reconstructive surgery

Genital reconstructive surgery may refer to:
* Clitoridectomy, any surgery to reduce or remove tissue from the clitoris
* Foreskin restoration, a process of expanding penile skin to mimic the foreskin
* Hypospadias, surgery to modify the location of the urinary outlet on a phallus
* Intersex medical interventions, performed to modify atypical or ambiguous genitalia
** For a historical perspective, see History of intersex surgery
* Labiaplasty, plastic surgery to alter the vulva's folds of skin
* Phalloplasty, the construction or reconstruction of a penis
* Metoidioplasty, the construction of a penis from a hormonally-enlarged clitoris in female-to-male sex reassignment surgery
* Sex reassignment surgery, to alter a person's existing sexual characteristics to resemble those of their identified gender
** Sex reassignment surgery (female-to-male), a variety of procedures for transgender men
** Sex reassignment surgery (male-to-female), a variety of procedures for transgender women
* Scrotoplasty, the construction or reconstruction of a scrotum
* Vaginoplasty, any type of surgical procedure to the vagina or related structures
* Vulvoplasty, the construction or reconstruction of a vulva
# Extreme points of Kyrgyzstan

This is a list of the extreme points of Kyrgyzstan.

## Cardinal directions

Northernmost point: Sokuluk District, Chüy Region
Southernmost point: Chong-Alay District, Osh Region
Easternmost point: Ak-Suu District, Issyk-Kul Region
Westernmost point: Leilek District, Batken Region

## Elevation

At 7,439 m (24,406 ft) above sea level, Jengish Chokusu is the highest point of Kyrgyzstan.
At 132 m (433 ft) above sea level, the lowest point of Kyrgyzstan is in the Kara Darya (Kara-Daryya, Karadar'ya), which is a tributary of the Syr Darya, a river that flows into the North Aral Sea.
# Wamba Hospital

Wamba Hospital, also known as Catholic Hospital Womba, is a hospital in Wamba, Samburu County, Kenya. It was established in the 1969 by Padre Della Consolata with the support of the consolata sisters.
This foundation has helped build a school building for the children who are taken care of at the hospital.
# GK Investment

GK Investment Holding Group SA is a Lugano-based private equity and investment firm whose primary focus is in the healthcare Real Estate, Private Equity and Consultancy sector. The principal areas of investment interest are in Africa, Europe, and the Middle East.

## History

The firm was founded in 2015 by Tunisian businessman Kamel Ghribi. It initially started as a trade facilitating company dealing with the export of commodities such as crude oil, condensate, cotton, phosphates, and coffee from the Middle East and Africa regions for private and public sector clients. The company undertook strategic consultancy mandates to establish industrial projects in high growth markets.

## Investments

Gruppo Ospedaliero San Donato (GSD Healthcare) - private hospital group in Italy with 44 hospitals and clinics. GK Investment Holding Chairman Kamel Ghribi is Vice President of GSD Healthcare in Italy and Chairman of GSD Middle East. GSD is currently the largest private healthcare group in Italy with estimated revenues of over €1.7 billion.

### NMC Health Bidding

In February 2020, the company confirmed that it will submit a potential bid to acquire UAE-based, $2 billion debt-ridden healthcare company NMC Health. The founder of the NMC Health, B. R. Shetty stepped down from the board due to inaccurate reporting of his holdings.
However, within a month, by March 2020, the company reiterated its stand on investing in NMC Health. It issued a statement that included an offer of only operational support to NMC Health assisting the latter in its continued delivery of healthcare services in Europe, Middle East and Asia.

## Philanthropy

* Funding a cardio-vascular department at the Chain of Hope Pediatric Cardiac Center at the Dakar Fann University, Senegal.
* Construction of the National Institute for Cardiovascular Disease in Ibadan, Nigeria.
* Philanthropic sponsorship of numerous foundations, events, gala evenings, and fundraising for a myriad of non-profit organizations such as the CCA, Global Health Pioneer Awards, Middle East Mediterranean Summit, Gulf Africa Decision Makers Forum, and Italian Arab Business Forum.
# Pingtung Plain

Pingtung Plain (Chinese: 屏東平原; pinyin: Píngdōng Píngyuán) is a plain area including parts of Pingtung County and Kaohsiung City in Taiwan. It includes the alluvial fan of Kaoping River, which forms the largest drainage area of rivers in Taiwan, and also passed by other shorter rivers such as Tungkang River, Linbian River and Shihwen River (士文溪). The plain faces the Taiwan Strait on the southwest, lies to the east of Kaohsiung City, and at the west of Central Mountain Range.
# Artocarpus glaucus

Artocarpus glaucus is a tropical species of tree in the family Moraceae. Found in Indonesia, Malaysia and Australia.
# Niditinea orleansella

Niditinea orleansella is a species of clothes moth in the family Tineidae.
The MONA or Hodges number for Niditinea orleansella is 0412.
# OFP

OFP can refer to:
* One Fiji Party, political party in Fiji founded in 2014
* Operation Flashpoint (series), a video game franchise
* Operation Flashpoint: Cold War Crisis, a 2001 Czech video game
* Operational Flight Program (military aviation)
* Operational flight plan (civil aviation)
* Overall fibrinolytic potential, a parameter of the overall hemostatic potential test
* Overall Future Potential, a scouting assessment used in baseball to rank young players' potential in the major leagues
# Calumma boettgeri

Calumma boettgeri is a species of chameleon, a lizard in the family Chamaeleonidae. The species is endemic to Madagascar.

## Etymology

The specific name, boettgeri, is in honor of German herpetologist Oskar Boettger.

## Geographic range

C. boettgeri is found in northern Madagascar, including the island of Nosy Be.

## Habitat

The preferred natural habitat of C. boettgeri is forest, at altitudes of 810–1,200 m (2,660–3,940 ft).

## Description

C. boettgeri may attain a snout-to-vent length (SVL) of 5.5 cm (2.2 in), and tail length equals SVL.

## Behavior

C. boettgeri is arboreal, and is usually found 1–2 m (3.3–6.6 ft) above the forest floor.

## Reproduction

C. boettgeri is oviparous.
# David Berges

David Berges is a former chairman of the board and chief executive officer of Hexcel, a composite materials producer based in Stamford, Connecticut. Berges stepped down as CEO in August 2013. The multi-billion dollar company produces plastics and other materials for the aerospace and defense industries. Berges is credited with reforming the company and reversing its previous decline.
Berges' career arcs from technical and managerial positions up to the executive level, including time with the General Electric Company, Barnes Aerospace, AlliedSignal Aerospace and Honeywell International. Berges served on the board of directors of Dana Holding Corporation until January 31, 2008.
# Cameraria palawanensis

Cameraria palawanensis is a moth of the family Gracillariidae. It is known from Palawan, Philippines.
The wingspan is 3.9-4.1 mm.
The larvae feed on Derris elliptica. They mine the leaves of their host plant.
# Cameraria pentekes

Cameraria pentekes is a moth of the family Gracillariidae. It is known from British Columbia in Canada, and California and Washington in the United States.
The length of the forewings is 3–5 mm.
The larvae feed on Quercus douglasii and Quercus lobata. They mine the leaves of their host plant. The mine is oblong to ovoid. The epidermis is opaque to green yellow. Mines are all located to one side of the midrib on the lower half of the leaf. They are found along the leaf margin or the midrib and solitary with some leaves supporting more than one mine, usually with many minute parallel folds, occasionally with one or two, more or less pronounced.

## Etymology

The specific name refers to the diagnostic form of the vincular process of the male and is derived from the Greek pente (meaning five) and the suffix -ekes (meaning pointed).