OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ganna Pogrebna

Ganna Pogrebna (born 4 July 1980) is a British behavioural data scientist, decision theorist, educator, author, and academic writer. She currently serves as the Lead for Behavioral Data Science at the Alan Turing Institute, the Executive Director of the Artificial Intelligence and Cyber Futures Institute at Charles Sturt University, and an Honorary Professor of Behavioral Business Analytics and Data Science at the University of Sydney.
She is known for her work in combining data science methods with those from economics and psychology to model human behavior under risk and uncertainty.

## Education

Pogrebna holds a master's degree in economics from the University of Missouri, Kansas City, and has obtained her Ph.D. in economics and social sciences from the University of Innsbruck, Austria.

## Career

Pogrebna is a researcher and academic in behavioral business analytics and data science. She currently serves as Executive Director of the Artificial Intelligence and Cyber Futures Institute at Charles Sturt University in Australia and holds a research professorship position at the University of Sydney Business School. Additionally, she is a Lead of Behavioral Data Science at the Alan Turing Institute in London.
Pogrebna has taught and supervised students in data science, cyber security, behavioral data science, business analytics and artificial intelligence. She has also worked as a consultant for private and public sector companies in various industries. Pogrebna communicates her research through her YouTube blog "Data Driven" and "Inclusion AI. Blog", and is a regular contributor to various blogs and media outlets. She is methods editor at Leadership Quarterly and associate editor of Judgement and Decision Making.

## Notable research works

In 2021, her team's box office predicting technology was discussed at the Stockholm Film Festival. In 2018, she co-developed a model predicting parental risk attitudes based on the characteristics of children, revealing gender inequalities in parenting. In 2019, she contributed to a Council of Europe study on the implications of advanced digital technologies for human rights. In 2020-2021, she researched handwashing patterns and protected vulnerable groups during the COVID-19 pandemic. In 2022, Pogrebna's work highlighted the threats and benefits of software products used in schools and at home.
# Exeter Prize

The Exeter Prize is an economics prize of the University of Exeter Business School, which has been awarded since 2012. The Exeter Prize is awarded to the best paper published in the previous calendar year in a peer-reviewed journal in the fields of Experimental Economics, Decision Theory and Behavioural Economics.

## Winners

* 2023: Kirby Nielsen and John Rehbeck for Nielsen, K., & Rehbeck, J. (2022). "When Choices are Mistakes." American Economic Review. 112 (7): 2237-2268.
* 2022: Sandro Ambuehl, Douglas Bernheim and Axel Ockenfels for Ambuehl, S., Bernheim, B. D., & Ockenfels, A. (2021). "What Motivates Paternalism? An Experimental Study." American Economic Review. 111 (3): 787-830.
* 2021: Ryan Opera for Oprea, Ryan (2020). "What Makes a Rule Complex?". American Economic Review. 110 (12): 3913–3951. doi:10.1257/aer.20191717
* 2020: J. Aislinn Bohren, Alex Imas and Michael Rosenberg for Bohren, J. Aislinn; Imas, Alex; Rosenberg, Michael (2019). "The Dynamics of Discrimination: Theory and Evidence". American Economic Review. 109 (10): 3395–3436. doi:10.1257/aer.20171829.
* 2019: Samuel M. Hartzmark and Kelly Shue for Hartzmark, Samuel; Shue, Kelly (2018). "A Tough Act to Follow: Contrast Effects in Financial Markets" (PDF). Journal of Finance. 73 (4): 1567–1613. doi:10.1111/jofi.12685.
* 2018: Shengwu Li for Li, Shengwu (2017). "Obviously Strategy-Proof Mechanisms" (PDF). American Economic Review. 107 (11): 3257–87. doi:10.1257/aer.20160425.
* 2017: Vojtěch Bartoš, Michal Bauer, Julie Chytilová and Filip Matějka for Bartoš, Vojtěch; Bauer, Michal; Chytilová, Julie; Matějka, Filip (2016). "Attention Discrimination: Theory and Field Experiments with Monitoring Information Acquisition". American Economic Review. 106 (6): 1437–75. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.1032.2725. doi:10.1257/aer.20140571.
* 2016: David Budescu and Eva Chen for Budescu, David V.; Chen, Eva (2015). "Identifying Expertise to Extract the Wisdom of the Crowds". Management Science. 61 (2): 267–280. doi:10.1287/mnsc.2014.1909.
* 2015: Gary Charness, Francesco Feri, Miguel Melendez and Matthias Sutter for "Experimental games on networks: underpinnings of behavior and equilibrium selection". Econometrica. 82 (5): 615–1670. 2014. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.638.1113. doi:10.3982/ECTA11781.
* 2014: Tomasz Strzalecki for "Temporal Resolution of Uncertainty and Recursive Models of Ambiguity Aversion". Econometrica. 81 (3): 1039–1074. 2013. doi:10.3982/ECTA9619.
* 2013: Daniel Friedman and Ryan Oprea for Friedman, Daniel; Oprea, Ryan (2012). "A Continuous Dilemma". American Economic Review. 102 (1): 337–63. doi:10.1257/aer.102.1.337.
* 2012: Michel Regenwetter, Jason Dana and Clintin P. Davis-Stober for Regenwetter, Michel; Dana, Jason; Davis-Stober, Clintin P. (2011). "Transitivity of Preferences". Psychological Review. 118 (1): 42–56. doi:10.1037/a0021150. PMID 21244185. S2CID 36833965.
# CPY (disambiguation)

CPY may refer to:
* Communist Party of Yugoslavia, the founding and ruling party of SFR Yugoslavia
* cpy, the ISO 639-3 code for Ashéninka language
* cycles per year or cpy, a derived unit from the cycle per second
* Clapham railway station, the station code CPY
* CONSPIR4CY, a warez group founded in 1999 in Italy
# 5-(carboxyamino)imidazole ribonucleotide synthase

In enzymology, a 5-(carboxyamino)imidazole ribonucleotide synthase (EC 6.3.4.18) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
    ATP + 5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole + HCO$_3$$^−$ $\rightleftharpoons$ ADP + phosphate + 5-carboxyamino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole
The 3 substrates of this enzyme are ATP, 5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole ("AIR"), and HCO$_3$$^−$, whereas its 3 products are ADP, phosphate, and 5-carboxyamino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole.
This enzyme belongs to the family of ligases, specifically those forming generic carbon-nitrogen bonds. The systematic name of this enzyme class is 5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole:carbon-dioxide ligase (ADP-forming).
# Class of service

Class of service (COS or CoS) is a parameter used in data and voice protocols to differentiate the types of payloads contained in the packet being transmitted. The objective of such differentiation is generally associated with assigning priorities to the data payload or access levels to the telephone call.

## Data services

As related to network technology, COS is a 3-bit field that is present in an Ethernet frame header when 802.1Q VLAN tagging is present. The field specifies a priority value between 0 and 7, more commonly known as CS0 through CS7, that can be used by quality of service (QoS) disciplines to differentiate and shape/police network traffic.
COS operates only on 802.1Q VLAN Ethernet at the data link layer (layer 2), while other QoS mechanisms (such as DiffServ, also known as DSCP) operate at the IP network layer (layer 3) or use a local QoS tagging system that does not modify the actual packet, such as Cisco's "QoS-Group".
Network devices (i.e. routers, switches, etc.) can be configured to use existing COS values on incoming packets from other devices (trust mode), or can rewrite the COS value to something completely different. Most Internet Service Providers do not trust incoming QoS markings from their customers, so COS is generally limited to use within an organization's intranet.
Service providers offering private-line WAN services will typically offer services which can utilize COS/QoS.

## Voice services

As related to legacy telephone systems, COS is often used to define the permissions an extension will have on a PBX or Centrex. Certain groups of users may have a need for extended voicemail message retention while another group may need the ability to forward calls to a cell phone, and still others have no need to make calls outside the office. Permissions for a group of extensions can be changed by modifying a COS variable applied to the entire group.
COS is also used on trunks to define if they are full-duplex, incoming only, or outgoing only.

## Classification of service

The term can be used generically to refer to the classification of network traffic within network equipment based on packet inspection. Cisco implements such classification through either access-lists or Network-Based Application Recognition (NBAR). NBAR works with the existing QoS system.
# Cat massage

Cat massage is a practice used by veterinarians and at home by pet owners to apply massage therapy techniques to domestic cats, primarily for relieving pain and discomfort, as well as a means of strengthening the cat–human bond through intimate interaction.

## Techniques

Veterinarians advise that a pet owner apply gentle massages to their cat, and if they wish to give a deeper full-body massage, it is best done by a trained professional. However, a specialist can demonstrate basic techniques for the owner to use at home.
A massage session typically begins with light petting from head to tail, both to relax the cat and to note areas of muscular tension, lumps, swelling, elevated temperature. After the cat has shown that it is relaxed, the owner may employ the effleurage technique: gliding, stroking motions with an open hand and medium pressure, following the muscle contours, and "toward the heart, so from the toes toward the torso, and from the backside toward the head". This is helpful in stimulating circulation of blood and lymph, as well as warming up the soft tissues; it may be effective in relieving edema (swelling caused by fluid build-up) in particular. This may progress to petrissage, a series of kneading and skin-rolling strokes of the skin and muscles, "from the ends of the limbs to the torso and from the tail to the head". This may relieve muscle tension, knots, and spasms. A more advanced technique is tapotement, the use of a rapid series of concussive or percussive medium-firm strokes to tap or carefully "chop" thicker muscles. This is performed using the edge of the hand, with either the fingertips held together or with the hand cupped circularly. This technique stimulates muscles and other tissues, increasing blood and lymph circulation. The massage session generally ends with another round of gentle stroking.

## Risks

A cat that becomes agitated during a massage may bite or scratch, which can be associated with dangerous infections, such as cat-scratch disease, caused by Pasteurella multocida bacteria, and tenosynovitis, depending on the location and depth of injuries.
# Guba

Guba may refer to:
* Guba (surname)
* Quba, Azerbaijan, a city also spelled as Guba and Kuba
* Guba River, a river near Indwe, Eastern Cape, South Africa
* Guba (woreda), a woreda in Ethiopia
* Abba Guba, one of the Nine Saints of Ethiopia
* Cyclone Guba, a 2007 tropical cyclone in Australasia
* Gubguba, also known as guba, an Indian percussion string instrument
* a Hungarian prehistoric coat made of coarse knotted cloth
* a mourning chant sung by guests at an ancient Irish Aonach
* Ghana UK-Based Achievement Awards (GUBA Awards), an annual British award that recognises the contributions of British-Ghanaians to society
# Frank Fairhurst

Frank Fairhurst (1892 – 30 August 1953) was a British Labour Party politician.
Fairhurst was the Member of Parliament (MP) for Oldham from 1945 to 1950 and for Oldham East from 1950 to 1951.
Fairhurst also served as the president of National Association of Power Loom Overlookers, and as president of the Wigan Textile Trades Federation. He served on Wigan Town Council until his death.
# Fuchū Air Base

Fuchu Air Base (府中基地, Fuchū Kichi) is a Japan Air Self-Defence Force (JASDF) base located in Fuchū, Tokyo. It was originally an Imperial Japanese Army base from 1940 to 1945. After the Japanese surrender it was occupied by US forces and became a US military base known as Fuchu Air Station.
The Japan Self-Defense Force started operating at the base in 1957, and it was also the first headquarters of U.S. Forces Japan from 1957 to 1974, when the headquarters moved to Yokota Air Base.
In 1975, major portions of Fuchu Air Station was returned to the Government of Japan (GOJ), and USAF retained small portion for AUTOVON tandem switch, Troposcatter Site (JTS), and associated Technical Control Facility (TCF). About a third of the base became a JASDF base, some of the land became a park and sporting grounds, and the area in the north of the base around the troposcatter dishes that were used to maintain radio contact with Misawa Air Base in Aomori remains closed and unoccupied.
Air Support Command of the JASDF is based at Fuchu. The Air Traffic Control Service Group and the Air Weather Service Group are located at the base.
On display near the main entrance of the base are two jet fighters formerly operated by the JASDF, a Lockheed F-104 Starfighter and a Mitsubishi F-1.
# Paul Biegel

Paulus Johannes "Paul" Biegel (25 March 1925 – 21 October 2006) was a Dutch writer of children's literature.

## Biography

Paul Biegel was born in Bussum in 1925. His father, Hermann Biegel, was of German descent, and owned a building materials shop. With his wife Madeleine Povel-Guillot he had nine children, six girls and three boys, of whom Paul was the youngest. He was not a prolific reader as a child, preferring to play outside. His favourite books were the fairy tales of the brothers Grimm and the works of Jules Verne. He studied in Bussum (primary school) and Amsterdam, graduating in 1945.
His first story, De ontevreden kabouter ("The unhappy gnome"), written when he was 14 years old, was printed in the newspaper De Tijd. He wanted to become a pianist, but decided that he didn't have enough talent. He went to the United States for a year after World War II, where he worked for The Knickerbocker Weekly [nl]. After his return, he worked as an editor for Dutch magazines like the Avrobode [nl]. He commenced Law Studies, but stopped these in 1953. He wrote several newspaper comics, the most important of which was Minter and Hinter, which appeared in Het Vrije Volk for ten stories and 579 episodes. In 1959, he started working in the comic studio of Marten Toonder as a comics writer for the Kappie series.
He only published his first book, De gouden gitaar, in 1962. He became one of the most important Dutch writers for children in 1965, when he received the Gouden Griffel for Het sleutelkruid. In 1973, he won the Staatsprijs voor kinder- en jeugdliteratuur literary award. He has written over 50 books, mostly published by Holland, and many of his books have been translated in English, French, German, Danish, Swedish, Welsh, South African, Japanese, Turkish, Greek, and Spanish. His own favourites were De tuinen van Dorr and De soldatenmaker. Other authors he appreciated included J. R. R. Tolkien, J. K. Rowling, and Hans Christian Andersen.
Paul Biegel lived in Amsterdam. He married Marijke Sträter in 1960, with whom he had a daughter, Leonie, in 1963, and in 1964 a son, Arthur, who committed suicide when he was 28. His marriage ultimately failed, and only at a later age did he publicly admit to being homosexual. He died in 2006 and was buried at Zorgvlied cemetery. In 2007, publishers Holland and Lemniscaat started reissuing twenty of his best works in the Biegelbibliotheek.
# Garagoa

Garagoa (Spanish pronunciation:) is a town and municipality in Colombia, located in the Boyacá Department. It covers an area of 191.75 km$^2$ and the urban centre is located at an altitude of 1,650 metres (5,410 ft) above sea level. Parts of the municipality reach altitudes of 3,050 metres (10,010 ft). It is the capital of the province of Neira. It is also the seat of the Diocese of Garagoa of the Catholic Church. The municipality is situated in the Eastern Ranges of the Colombian Andes and borders Chinavita in the north, Macanal in the south, Tenza and Sutatenza in the west and Miraflores and Chinavita in the east.

## Etymology

Garagoa in Chibcha means "Behind the hill" or "On the other side of the hill".

## History

In the times before the Spanish conquest, the area of Garagoa was inhabited by the Muisca, organized in their loose Muisca Confederation. Garagoa was ruled by the zaque based in Hunza. Garagoa was visited by conquistador Gonzalo Jimenez de Quesada in 1539, and was elevated to municipal status on October 5, 1809.

## Economy

Main economical activities of Garagoa are agriculture, livestock farming and mining. Among the agricultural products, most important are maize, yuca, potatoes, arracacha, bananas, peas, beans, pumpkins, tomatoes, fique, coffee and sugar cane. Also mangoes, chirimoya, oranges, avocadoes, pineapples, mandarines, papayas, maracuyá and guayaba are produced. Mining is mostly coal.

## Trivia

* The tree frog Dendropsophus garagoensis has been found in and named after Garagoa

## Gallery

* Church of Garagoa
* Fountain
* Central park and square
* Tree in central park
* Central park
# DZVJ

101.7 Radyo Natin (DZVJ 101.7 MHz) is an FM station owned and operated by MBC Media Group. Its studios and transmitter are located at Maddela.
# CPV-TV

CPV-TV (from Chrysalis, Paradine and Virgin) was a company which had bid for three ITV franchises at the 1991 ITV franchise auction.
It was a consortium led by Sir David Frost and Richard Branson with further backing from the Chrysalis Group media business and had bid for the East of England, London Weekday and the South and South East England franchises which were then held by Anglia Television, Thames Television and Television South respectively. The intention of the consortium was to create a centralised service for these three franchises with a generic presentation package.
However it had lost each of these applications after being outbid by Anglia and Meridian Broadcasting in the East of England and South East England areas. For the London Weekday franchise it lost out to Carlton Communications despite making the highest bid; the bid failed on grounds of quality. CPV-TV's London Weekday bid amount was £45,319,000.
# Blooming Grove Township

Blooming Grove Township may refer to the following townships in the United States:
* Blooming Grove Township, Franklin County, Indiana
* Blooming Grove Township, Waseca County, Minnesota
* Blooming Grove Township, Ohio
* Blooming Grove Township, Pike County, Pennsylvania
# 80/81

80/81 is a double album by jazz guitarist Pat Metheny recorded over four days in May 1980 and released on ECM later that year. Metheny leads a quartet consisting of the rhythm section of Charlie Haden and Jack DeJohnette, with saxophone duties alternating between Dewey Redman and Michael Brecker.

## Background

Metheny toured in the U.S. in fall 1980 with a quartet including Redman, Haden and drummer Paul Motian. In the summer of 1981, he toured Europe with the full 80/81 lineup featured on the album.

## Reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| DownBeat | |
| The Penguin Guide to Jazz Recordings | |
| The Rolling Stone Jazz Record Guide | |
In a review for AllMusic, Richard S. Ginell wrote that "Metheny's credibility with the jazz community went way up with the release of this package", and called the album "a superb two-CD collaboration with a quartet of outstanding jazz musicians that dared to be uncompromising at a time when most artists would have merely continued pursuing their electric commercial successes."
In an article at Between Sound and Space, Tyran Grillo called the album a "still-fresh sonic concoction", and noted that "With 80/81, Pat Metheny took one step closer to his dream of working with The Prophet of Freedom (Ornette Coleman) (a dream he finally achieved with 1985's Song X)". He concluded: "Like much of what Metheny produces, 80/81 is wide open in two ways. First in its far-reaching vision, and second it its willingness to embrace the listener. Like a dolly zoom, he enacts an illusion of simultaneous recession and approach, lit like a fuse that leads not to an explosion, but to more fuse."
JazzTimes included the album in an article titled "10 Best Jazz Albums of the 1980s: Critics' Picks", in which Philip Booth stated: "Enlisting four of the musicians he most admired... the 26-year-old guitarist successfully translated the sound in his head to beautifully open, airy, sometimes urgent recordings."

## Track listing
### Original release

All music is composed by Pat Metheny except as noted

### Single CD edition
## Personnel

* Pat Metheny – acoustic and electric guitars
* Charlie Haden – double bass
* Jack DeJohnette – drums
* Dewey Redman – tenor saxophone (tracks B1, B2, C1 & C2)
* Michael Brecker – tenor saxophone (tracks A1, A2, B2, C1, C2 & D1)

### Technical personnel

* Manfred Eicher – producer
* Jan Erik Kongshaug – recording engineer
* Barbara Wojirsch – design
* Dag Alveng – back photography
* Rainer Drechsler – inside photography
# Big Machine

Big Machine may refer to:
* Big Machine Records, an American record label, a flagship property of the Big Machine Label Group
* "Big Machine" (Goo Goo Dolls song), a song by the Goo Goo Dolls
* "Big Machine" (Velvet Revolver song), a song by Velvet Revolver
* Big Machine (album), a 2003 album by B'z
* The Big Machine, a 2009 album by Émilie Simon
* BigMachines a software company, now part of Oracle
* Big Machine, a 2009 novel by Victor LaValle
# Desecravity

Desecravity is a technical death metal band formed in 2007 from Tokyo, Japan. The band is signed to Willowtip Records and released their full-length debut album entitled Implicit Obedience in January 2012 and the second full-length album entitled Orphic Signs in November 2014.

## Members
### Current members

* Yuichi Kudo - drums (2007–present)
* Daisuke Ishiboroshi - bass (2011–present), vocals (2019–present)
* Yuya Takeda - guitar (2016–present)
* Hiroshi Kojima - guitar (2019–present)

### Former members

* Toshihiro Inagaki - bass (2007–2011)
* Keisuke Takagi - guitars (2010–2012)
* Shogo Tokita - vocals, guitars (2012–2016)
* Yujiro Suzuki - vocal, guitar (2007–2010, 2011–2013, 2016–2018)

## Discography
### Studio albums

* Implicit Obedience (2012)
* Orphic Signs (2014)
* Anathema (2019)
# Broederlijk Delen

Broederlijk Delen is a Flemish aid and development agency, which specializes in trying to improve the living conditions of rural communities in Africa and Latin America.
At the international level Broederlijk Delen is a member of Coopération Internationale pour le Développement et la Solidarité (CIDSE), the umbrella organization for Catholic development agencies from Europe and North America .
Since 2011 Broederlijk Delen has been led by Thérèse Coens.

## Methods

In the global south Broederlijk Delen puts the local rural population's own plans at the center of its work. They support local initiatives or organizations rather than initiating their own projects.
Broederlijk Delen cooperates with about 160 partner organisations, which receive financial support. Broederlijk Delen is active in 13 countries: six of these countries are in Africa, six in Latin America, and they also operate in Israel and Palestine.
In Flanders Broederlijk Delen is active in policy and advocacy work. It also tries to raise awareness and encourage action. The highlight of the work of Broederlijk Delen in Flanders is its annual fundraising campaign during Lent, the 40 days that precede Easter. In 2016 it collected 3.1 million euros during its Lent campaign.
Broederlijk Delen has chosen to address inequality in rural areas by focusing on the following three themes:
* Right to food
* Sustainable management of natural resources
* Participation and peace

## Background

Broederlijk Delen was founded in 1961 as a relief organization as a reaction to the famine in the Congolese Kasaï region. The Catholic Church called during Lent for donations for people in need there. After this first call Broederlijk Delen evolved into a permanent aid and development NGO.